^.( vN^" -V -^ ■X * ,#*v^.''>« '^ f ^r .^■^- ^. ,/^-■ '\ ^^' A COMPLETE DESCRIPTIVE AND STATISTICAL GAZETTEER or THK * ^r ij y UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, CONTAININO A PARTICULAR DESCRIPTION OF THE STATES, TERRITORIES, COUNTIES, DISTRICTS, PARISHES, CITIES, TOWNS, AND VILLAGES MOUNTAINS, RIVERS, LAKES, CANALS, AND RAILROADS ; WITH AN ABSTRACT OF THB CENSUS AND STATISTICS FOR 1840, BXHIBITINO A COMPLETE VIEW OF THE AGRICULTURAL, COMMERCIAL, MANUFACTURING, AND LITERARY CONDITION AND RESOURCES OF THE COUNTRY. BY DANIEL HASKEL, A. M. Late President of tlie University of Vermont ; AND J.' CALVIN SMITH, Geographer, Author of a new Map of the United States, &c. NEW YORK : PUBLISHED BY SHERMAN & SMITH, 122 Broadway, corner of Cedar street 1845. . , . ■'■ Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1844, by George E. Sherman and J. Calvin Smith, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New- York. Slertfotyped by R. C- VALENTINE, 45 Gold Street, New York. HITCHCOCK AND STAFFORD, Printers, New-llarco, Cl. o(^ PREFACE. The present is eminently a proper time in which to prepare a Gazetteer of the United States. The progress of the country in population, in agriculture, in com- merce, in manufactures, and in education, has recently been ascertained with great labor and expense by the census, and it is important that this, and other continually accumulating information, should be widely diffused. All former gazetteers are rendered obsolete by the census, which has but recently become available, and by the rapid changes which the country is undergoing, particularly in its newer por- tions. The progress of the United States is unexampled in the history of the world. A little more than two hundred years since, the country was an unbroken forest, inhabited by a sparse population of savages, who camped on its streams or roamed through its woods, to obtain a precarious subsistence from fishing and the chase. No plough had farrowed the soil, no flocks and herds of domestic animals spread over its hills or grazed in its valleys, no fields of grain covered its fertile plains ; no roads connected distant parts of the country, no bridges spanned its rivers, no mills plied on its waterfalls. Its large rivers rolled in mighty volume to the ocean, but they bore ot^jeir surface nothing but the clumsy raft and the frail canoe of the Indian. But wMra change has two centuries wrought ! The little bands of James- town and of Plymouth have become a mighty nation, whose commerce whitens every ocean and penetrates every sea, whose name is known and respected to the ends of the earth, and whose institutions and improvements attract the attention of the civilized world. Great have been the toil and privation and hardship which were necessary to fell this immensity of forest, to change the wilderness into culti- vated fields, to rear villages and cities, and to overspread the country with its various and noble works of improvement. But the pioneers of civilization were a body of men who shrunk not from labor and suffering, that they might perpetuate their prin- ciples, and rear a country which should constitute a noble legacy to their posterity. The following work is designed to exhibit the present condition of the United States ; — its progress in agriculture, in commerce, in manufactures, and in general im- provement. To do this, the best sources of information have been resorted to. The materials of American geography have been accumulating for a long course of years, by the labor and research of many gifted minds ; and he who should at- tempt to construct a gazetteer independently of the labors of his predecessors, would be chargeable with great folly. It would be a long and ostentatious catalogue to pre- sent the names of the authors who have been consulted in the preparation of the fol- lowing work. It is sufficient to say that the best works on American geography have been consulted, and such use has been made of them as is consistent with the rights of others ; while much new and valuable information has been derived from a writ- ten correspondence, continued for several years, with intelligent gentlemen in various parts of the country, for whose communications a respectful acknowledgment is ten- dered. Hundreds of new counties, towns, and post-offices, are described in this work, which are not to be found in any preceding gazetteer. All the existing post-offices in the United States, at the date of this publication, will be here found, with their bearing and distance from the capital of the state in which they are located, and their distance from Washington. To effect this, the new post-office book was obligingly furnished by the Hon. Charles A. Wickliffe, Postmaster-General, as the sheets were issued from the press, which is greatly more complete and correct than the similar work previously in existence. Distances have been more correctly ascertained, and the whole brought down to the present time. The greatest source, however, from which this gazetteer has been enriched, is the recent census of the United States, and its very minute and valuable statistics : and an acknowledgment is due to the Hon. Daniel Webster, Secretary of State, for generously transmitting the vol- ume of the statistics, before it could have been otherwise obtained. The above work, in its present form, published by Congress, is voluminous and inconvenient to con- sult for general purposes, though exceedingly valuable as a public document ; and had the following work done nothing more than furnish an abstract of this, in a form suitable for general reference and use, it would have accomplished an important object. That great labor has been encountered in the preparation of this work, will be evident to all persons acquainted with such undertakings. It is not constructed upon the basis of any former work. Every article has been prepared expressly for this gazetteer ; and it will be found to have all the originality whicl^an be reasonably expected. That in a work involving such an immense rmmbe^wf particulars no mistakes have occurred, it would be presumptuous to affirm ; though the utmost pains have been taken to avoid them. The United States census may have some errors ; it is, however, the nearest approximation to tlie truth, in regard to the whole country, which can be obtained for ten years to come. The authors commit their work to the public, in the confident expectation tliat the great amount of labor employed in compiling it will not have been spent in vain. EXPLANATION OF THE ABBREVIATIONS MADE USE OF IN THIS WORK. In the preparation of this work, in order to a great condensation of its matter, many ellipses and abbreviations have been necessary. It is presumed that every reader would prefer an accumulation of facts, to smoothness, and even regularity of periods. A little attention will render them familiar, and m most instances their import will suggest itself, without explanation. acad. Academy. N. H. New Hampshire. Ala. Alabama. N.J. New Jersey. Ark. Arkansas. N. Y. New York. bush. Bushels. 0. Ohio. cap. Invested capital. Pa. Pennsylvania. C. H. Court house. par. Parish. CO. County. Pop. Population. Ct. Connecticut. p-t. Post township. Del. Delaware. p-v. Post village. Dist. District. p-b. Post borough. for. Foreign. ret. Retail. fac. Factory. R. L Rhode Island. Flor. Florida. sq. ms. Square miles. Ga. Georgia. S.C. South Carolina. hund. Hundred. sch. Common school, or isl. Island. schools. la. ^ Indiana. W Illinois. Te. or Tenn. Tennessee. HI. t. Township. Id. Iowa. Va. Virginia. Ky. Kentucky. Vt. Vermont. La. Louisiana. Wis. Wisconsin. m. Mill or mills. W. \ Following a number, m. ms. Mile, miles. Washington City. manufac. Manufactures. yds. Yards. Me. Maine. ' North, South, East, Ms. or Mass. Massachusetts. West, and so of Miss. Mississippi. N. S. E. w. other points of the Mo. Missouri. compass. mt. mts. Mountain, mountains. Md. Maryland. Where no date is attached to the pop- N. C. North Carolina. ulation, it is understood to be that of 1840. EXAMPLE. AxTBTjKN, p-v., capital of Cayuga co., N. Y., 154 w. Albany, 333 W. There are 59 stores, cap. $341,447 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac, 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 brewery, 4 flouring m., 2 saw m., 3 furnaces, 4 printing offices. Cap. in manufac. $643,550. 1 college, 48 students, 2 acad. 250 students, 9 sch. 740 scholars. Pop. 5,626 : — Which should be read — Auburn, post village, capital of Cayuga county, New York, 154 miles west of Al- bany, 333 miles from Washington City. There are 59 stores, with a capital invest- 6 ed of $341,447 ; 1 woollen factory, 1 cotton factory, 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 brewery, 4 flouring mill?, 2 saw mills, 3 furnaces, 4 printing offices. Capital invested in manufactures, $643,550. 1 college, with 48 students, 2 academies, with 250 stu- dents, 9 common schools, with 740 scholars. .Population, 5,626. In the Northern states, every county is divided into townships, generally from 4 to 6 miles square, though their dimensions vary. In New England, the principal village take.s the name of the township in which it is situated ; but in some parts of the township, a village occasionally has a different name from that of the township. In New York, the villages have frequently an incorporation distinct from that of the township in which they are situated, and the village is often more prominent than the township ; and in some instances, persons who know well the location of a pro- minent village, might not be able to name the township in which it is situated. The same is to a degree true in the states of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and In- diana. In the states south of Pennsylvania and of the Ohio river, and in Illinois, there is no such subdivision as townships ; as an incorporated district, and a collec- tion of houses, whether few or many, is called a town. In the following work, t denotes a township, and v. a village, or collection of houses, whether few or many, •whether with or without an incorporation. In South Carolina, districts answer to counties in other states, and in Louisiana, parishes. In Delaware, hundreds an- swer to towns. In those states where the division of townships does not obtain, the census was taken only by counties, and the statistics, therefore, will be found under the heads of the counties. GENERAL DESCRIPTION THE UNITED STATES The United States of America occupy the middle division of North America, and are bounded north by British and Russian America ; east by New Brunswick and the Atlantic ocean ; south by the Gulf of Mexico, Texas, and Mexico ; and west by the Pacific ocean. It lies between 25° and 54° of north latitude, and between 66° 50' and 125° west longitude from Greenwich; or between 9° 35' east, and 48° 20' west longitude from Washington. Its greatest length is 3,000 miles, and its greatest breadth is 1,700 miles, containing about 2,330,000 square miles. It has a frontier line of about 10,000 miles ; a sea coast of 3,600 ; and a lake coast of 1,20) miles. It con- tains about one twentieth of the habitable land of the whole earth. The population in 1790 was 3,929,323; in 1800, 5,309,753; in 1810, 7,231),903; in 1820, 9,633,166; in 1830, 12,856,165; in 1840, 17,062,666; of wliich 2,487,113 were slaves. Employed in agriculture. 3,717,756; in commerce, 117,575; in manufactures and trades, 791,515; navigatingthe ocean, 56,025 ; navigating rivers, lakes, canals, &c., 33,067 ; in mining, 15,203; learned professions, 65,236. The territory of the United States is divided into 26 states and three territories, each of which has a separate go^^wnent, and the District of Columbia. The following is a list of the states, — which are divided iRo the northern or eastern, the middle, the southern, and the western, — their population in 1840, and their capitals. NoRTUERN, OR Easter.v States. — -l/ume, 501,793, Augusta ; A'i?u) ffamps7»Ve, 284,574, Cou- cord ; Vermont, 292,948, Montpelier ; Massachuselts, 737,699, Boston ; Rhode Island, 108,830, Newport and Providence ; Connecticut, 309,973, Hertford and New Haven. Middle States. — New York, 2,423,921, Albany; New Jersey, 373,306, Trenton; Pennsylva- nia, 1,724,033, Harrisburg; i5eZa«;ore. 73,085, Dover ; Maryland, 460,232, Annapolis. Southern States. — y/rg^wim, 1,239,797, Richmond ; North Caro/fuu, 763,419, Raleigh; South Carolina, 594,308, Columbia; Georgia, 691,392, Milledgeville ; Alabama, 590,756, Tuscaloosa; Mississippi, 375,651, Jackson; Louisiana, 352,411, New Orleans. Western States.— 0/iio, 1,519,467, Columbus; KcntiicAy, 779,828, Frankfort; Tennessee, 829,210, Nashville ; Michigmi, 212,267, Detroit; Indiaiia, 6Sd,8G6, Indianapolis; Illijwis, 476,183, Springfield ; Missouri, 333,702, Jefferson City ; ArMnsas, 97,574, Little Rock. Territories.— Dis^rtci of Columbia, 43,712, Washington; jF/onrfa, 54,477, Tallahassee ; Wits- consin, 30,945, Madison ; Iowa, 43,112, Iowa city. Washi.ngton, on the Potomac river, in the District of Columbia, is the capital of the United Stales, and became such in the year 1800. The country has every variety of surface and of soil. It has two principal, and a number of les- ser ranges of mountains. The two principal are the Alleghany and the Rocky mountains. The Alleghany mountains commence in the south, in Alabama, and run in a northeast direction, generally in a number of separate ridges, with a breadth of from 60 to 120 miles, and at a distance from the sea coast of from 250 to 80 miles, and terminate in the Cattskill mountains, on the west of Hudson river. The general height of the Alleghany range is about 2,000 or 3,009 feet above the level of the ocean, but not more than one half of this above the level of their base. The highest peak in this range is Black mountain, in the west part of North Carolina, which is 6,476 feet Round Top, the highest peak of the Catslull mountains, is 3,804 feet. 8 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF The Rocky mountains may be regarded as a part of the great chain of the Cordilleras, and ex. tend from Mexico to 70° north latitude, running at an average distance of 600 miles from the Pacific, and with a general height of about 9,000 feet, though some peaks are much higher. Some have estimated them from 20 to 25,000 feet. The Green mountains commence near New Haven, in Connecticut, and run north through this state, Massachusetts, and Vermont, to Canada. Mansfield mountain, the highest peak, iu a town of the same name, in Vermont, is 4,280 feet high. The White mountains in New Hampshire are very elevated, the highest peak. Mount Washing- ton, being 6,428 feet high. West of Lake Champlain, in the state of New York, are some high mountains, the highest peak of which, 3Iount Marcy, is 5,460 feel. The waters west of the Rocky mountains generally flow into the Pacific, though north of the United States, Unjigah, or Peace river, passes this great barrier, and enters the Northern ocean. The Mi.ssissippi, with its great tributaries, drains the country between the Rocky and Alleghany mountains, excepting a few of an inferior class, which flow into the great northern lakes. East of the Alleghanies, the rivers flow into the Atlantic ocean. A great portion of the vast valley of the Mississippi is level, or moderately uneven. The surface of the Eastern, or New England states, is hilly or mountainous. The Atlantic coast south of Long Island, to the distance gene, rally of 100 miles from the ocean, is a sandy plain, but little elevated above the level of the oceau. But back of this, the country is hilly, until it rises into mountains. The soil of New England, with the exception of the valley of the Connecticut river, is general- ly rocky and rough, though in some parts fertile, better adapted to grazing than to grain. The low country on the Atlantic coast, has a light and rather barren soil, excepting on the margins of the rivers ; but the hilly country back of this is fertile. The soil, generally, in the valley of the Mississippi, is fertile. But toward the Rocky mountains, the country is barren ; though the ex- tensive prairies are adapted to grazing, as is proved by the vast herds of buffaloes which have found a subsistence there. The soil west of the Rocky mountains is in some parts fertile, but gen- erally but moderately productive. Beef, pork, butter, and cheese are the principal productions of the Eastern states ; though grains of various kinds are raised for home consumption. Wheat is the staple of the 31iddle states. In the northern portion of the Southern states, wiieat and tobacco are chiefly cultivated ; and further south, cotton, rice, and sugar. Throughout the United States, Indian corn, an uidigenous grain, is extensively cultivated, and forms a most important crop. — (For the Agricultural statistics, see the particular states.) Among the minerals, iron ore, coal, limestone, and salt are exceedingly abundant. The lead region in Missouri, Illinois, Wisconsin, and Iowa, is probably the finest in the world. Gold is founJ to a considerable extent in Virginia, North Carolina, and Georgia; and marble and gypsum are very extensive. ^^ Extending, as the United States does, through 20 degrees of latitude, din|^^g greatly in differ- ent parts in the elevation of its surface, it must, of course, have a great variety of climate. In the northern part, it is subject to great extremes of heat and cold, but the climate is generally healthy. In the southern portion, along the Atlantic coast, and the Gulf of 3Iexico, the climate from July to November is unhealthy. The elevated portion of the country is generally healthy The Western states, with the exception of some low and marshy portions, have a fine and salu- brious climate. There are many large and extensively navigable rivers, furnishing an immensity of water power for mills and manufactories, and great facilities for navigation and commerce. The following are the principal rivers which flow into the Atlantic, with about tlieir length in miles : Penob- scot, 250; Kennebec, 200; Androscoggin, 170; Saco, 160; Merrimac, 200; Connecticut, 410; Hudson, 324; Delaware, 300; Susquehanna, 450; Potomac, 500 ; James, 500 ; Roanoke, 400 ; Cape Fear, 350 ; Pedee, 450 ; Sanree, 450 ; Savannah, 500 ; Altamaha, 400 ; St. Johns, 300. The fol- lowing rivers flow into the Gulf of Mexico : Appalachicola, 500 ; Alabama, 600 ; Tombigbee, 450; Mississippi, 3,000. The following are tributaries of the Mississippi : Red river, 1,500, Ar- kansas, 2,150; While river, 1,200; Missouri, 3,180; Kansas, 1,100; Platte, 1,600; Osage, 500; Yellowstone, 1,100; Ohio, 1,350; Illinois, 500; Des Moines, 800 ; Tennessee, 900 ; Cumberland, 600; Wabasli, 500. Tlie following rivers are west of the Rocky mountains : Columbia, 1,500; Multnomah, 900 ; Lewis's, 900 ; Clarke's, 600. The above, include their remote sources. The two largest lakes which lie wholly in the United States are Michigan, 330 miles long and 60 broad ; and Clmmplain, 120 miles long and 15 broad. But the great lakes Superior, 380 miles long, and 130 broad ; Huron, 240 by 150; Erie, 240 by 60 ; and Ontario, 190 by 55, are one half iu the United States, the boundary passing through the middle of them. There are many smaller lakes, for an account of which, see the particular states. The Gulf of Mexico, on the south of the United States, is a large branch of the Atlantic ocnan, which receives the waters from the great Mirsissippi valley The Chesapeake, Delaware, Massa THE UNITED STATES. 9 chusetts, and Penobscot are the largest bays. The principal sounds are Long Island, Albemarle, and Pamlico. The principal capes are Cape Ann, Cod, May, Henlopen, Charles, Henry, Hatteras, Lookout, Fear, and Sable. Amon"^ the principal harbors, proceeding from north to south, are Portland, Portsmouth, Boston, Newport, New London, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Norfolk, Charleston, Savannah, Mo- bile, and New Orleans. The following are the most populous towns in the United States, with the number of inhabitants of each in 1840. New York, 312,710 ; Philadelphia, 223,691; Baltimore, 102,313 ; New Orleans, 102,193; Boston, 93,333; Cincinnati, 46,338; Brooklyn, 36,233; Albany, 33,721; Charleston, 29,261; Washington, 23,364; Providence, 23,171 ; Louisville, 21,210; Pittsburg, 21,115; Lowell, 20,796; Rochester, 20,191 ; Richmond, 20,153 ; Troy, 19,334; Buffalo, 18,213; Newark, 17,290; St. Louis, 16,469; Portland, 15,218; Salem, 15,082. The people of the United States are principally an agricultural people. The extent of their ter- ritory, and the fertility of the soil, contribute to this result. Tlieir agricultural resources are al- ready immense, and they are but partially developed : they are capable of becoming the granary of the world. The following agricultural statistics, derived from the census of 1840, show a pro- gress, remarkable as it is encouraging. There were in the United States in 1840,4,335,669 horses and mules; 14,971,536 neat cattle; 19,311,374 sheep; 26,301,293 swine; poultry to the value of $9,344,410. There were produced 84,823,272 bushels of wheat; 4,161,504 of barley ; 123,071,341 of oats ; 18,645,567 of rye ; 7,291,743 of buckwheat ; 377,531,875 of Indian corn ; 35,802,114 pounds of wool ; 1,233,5L'2 of hops ; 623,303 of wax; 108,293,060 bush, of potatoes ; 10,248,108 tons of hay ; 95,251 of hemp and flax •, 219,163,319 pounds of tobacco ; 80,841,422 of rice ; 790,479,275 of cotton; 61,552 of silk cocoons ; 155,100,809 of sugar; value of the products of the dairy, $33,787,008 ; of the orchard, $7,256,904 ; of lumber $12,943,507. There were made 124,734 gallons of wine. In its commerce this country is the second on the globe, being inferior only to Great Britain. In 1840 the capital invested in foreign trade, by importing and commission merchants, was $119,295,367 : in domestic retail dry goods and other stores, $250,301,799; in the fisheries, $16,429,620. The registered tonnage of the United States is 899,764 ; the etirolled and licensed, 1,176,694; fishing vessels, 104,304; total, 2,180,764. Of the registered and enrolled tonnage there were employed in the whale fishery, 136,926. The following table exhibits the imports and exports of the several states and territories, for the year end- iiig September 3Qth, 1840. VALUE OF VALUE OF EXPORTS. Domestic Produce. Total of do- STATES AND TERRITORIES. Foreign produce. mestic and Ibreign pro- duce. IMPORTS. In Amer. vessels. In foreign vessels. Total. Maine, .... $628,762 $959,903 $50,007 $1,009,910 $8,359 $1,018,269 New Hampshire, 114,647 19,676 1,085 29,761 218 20,979 Vermont, 404,617 305,150 305,1.50 305,150 Massachusetts, . 16,513,858 5,504,441 763,717 6,268,158 3,918,103 10,186,261 Rhode Island, . 274,534 203,006 203,006 3,983 206,989 Connecticut, 277,072 518,066 144 518,210 518,210 New York, 60,440,750 17,329,071 5,317,538 22,676,609 11,537,471 34,264,080 New Jersey, 19,209 14,833 14,883 1,193 16,076 Pennsylvania, . 8,464,882 5,282,456 454,000 5,736,456 1,083,689 6,820,145 Delaware, .... 802 37,001 37,001 37,001 Maryland, .... 4,910,746 4,098,139 1,396,881 5,495,020 273,748 5,768,768 District of Columbia, 119,852 643,950 107,479 751,429 2,494 753,923 Virginia, .... 545,085 4,5)8,632 251,305 4,769,937 8,283 4,778,220 North Carolina, . 252,532 343,981 43,503 387,484 337,484 Sotith Carolina, . 2,058,870 7,750,546 2,230,470 9,981,016 55,753 10,036,769 Georgia, .... 491,428 3.979,912 2,883,047 6 862,959 6,862,959 Alabama, .... Mississippi, , . , 574,651 10,483,694 2,371,000 12,854,694 12,854,694 Louisiana, 10,673,190 27,182,807 5,815,252 32,998,059 1,238,877 34,236,936 Ohio, .... Kentucky, .... 4,915 2,241 864,164 127,790 991,954 991,954 Tennessee, 28,938 Michigan, T'l • 1 138,610 162,229 162,229 162,229 i lorida, .... 190,728 1,829,191 21,518 1,850,709 8,141 1,858,850 Missouri, .... 10,600 Total, 107,141,519 92,030,898)21,864,736 113,895,634 18,190,312 132,085,946 The total amount of the tonnage of the United States for the year 1840, was 2,190,615 tons. 2 t 10 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF ThefoUowing table wUl show the amount the year of imports from, and exports to, each foreign country, duriw ending September 30lh, 1840. " COUNTRIES. Russia, Prussia, Sweden and Norway, . Swedish West Jndies, . Denmark, Danisii West Indies, . llanse 'I'owns, Holland, Dutch Ivist Indies, Dutch West Indies, Dutch ftuiana, Belgium, England, Scotland, Ireland, Gibraltar, Malta, .... Mauritius, ( -ape of Good Hope, . British East Indies, British West Indies, British Honduras, Briti.sh Guiana, British American colonies, Australia, British African ports, . France, French West Indies, . French Guiana, . Bourbon, Hayti, .... Spain, Tencriff'e and other Canaries, Manilla and Philippine islands, Cuba, . . Other Spanish West Indies, Portugal, Madeira, . . . , Fayai and the other Azores, Cape de Verd islands, Italy, Sicily, . Ionian islands, Greece, Trieste, Turkey, Morocco, Texas, Mexico, Venezuela, . New Granada, Central America, Brazil, Argentine republic, Cisplatine republic, Chili, Peru, Republic of Ecuador, South America, generally, China, Europe, generally, Asia, generally, Africa, generally, Arabia, West Indies, generally, South Seas, Sandwich Islands, Atlantic ocean. Northwest coast of America, Uncertaiu places, Total, $2,57-2,l27 5y,3U4 1,217,1)13 57,515 7,501 969,177 2,521,493 1,074,751 817,897 396,479 37,766 274,867 33,114,133 525,217 98,349 32,567 28,471 32,324 1,952,461 1,048,165 158,353 10,973 2,007,767 122,141 17,572,876 335,251 1,252,824 1,684,665 150,522 450,251 9,835,477 1,898,732 222,884 309,524 38,138 29,348 1,157,200 649,525 43,027 5,138 373,365 563,476 62,138 303,847 4,175,001 1,355,166 217,382 189,021 4,927,296 293,562 494,402 1,616,859 438,495 28,685 6,640,829 284,452 372,537 13,762 16,293 1,525 valuk of exports. Diinicstic produce. $234,856 43,353 435,092 98,710 76,183 918,931 3,.367,963 3,345,261 132,751 259,438 52,118 1,834,229 51,951,778 2,022,636 217,762 643,344 14,610 8,319 35,816 280,404 2,907,584 132,095 1 18,896 5,889,215 84,847 18,919,327 483,595 945,365 353,419 11,816 90,589 5,331,471 770,420 97,341 93,819 10,471 82,61 1 1,189,838 303,21 1,590,356 119,745 937,072 969,93s 554,267 57,922 130,661 2,145,863 28(1,144 82,102 1,372,254 96,042 469,186 63,976 170,734 511,215 376,715 177,229 720 Foreign produce. $934,62 43,115 115,131 3,610 17,868 180,518 830,496 511,046 202,552 42,916 486,426 5,096,882 28,304 257,110 45,386 153 197 351,791 58,000 58,37 538 204,035 6,022 2,922,227 30,656 100 81,849 8,874 11,579 30,927 979,044 29,208 5,724 22,858 5,623 ^ 2,809 1^83,347 33,923 107,141,519 113,895,634 18,190,312 132,085.946 196,264 156,873 281,199 1,515,403 229,605 77,329 87,285 360,711 89,132 67,628 356,5 28,291 540,780 138,092 43,048 2,514 65,200 540 Total. $1,169,481 86,468 550,226 102,320 94,051 1,099,449 4,198,459 3,856,310 335,303 302,354 52,118 2,320,655 57,048,660 2,050,940 217,762 900,454 59,996 8,472 36,013 632,195 2,965,584 190,466 119,434 6,093,250 90,869 21,841,554 514,251 100 1,027,214 362,293 23,395 121,516 6,310,515 799,628 103,065 116,677 16,094 85,420 1,473,185 337,140 1,786,620 276,618 1,218,271 2,515,341 783,872 135,251 217,946 2,506,574 369,276 149,730 1,728,829 124,333 1,009,966 63,976 308,826 554,263 379.229 242,429 1,260 THE UNITED STATES. 11 Tlie following table exhibits the value of the exports of the growth, produce and manufacture of the Uni' ted i>lateg,for the ytar ending September 30th, 18 iO. THE SEA. Fisheries — Dried fisli, or cod fisheries, . Fickled fish, or river fislieries, (hening, shad, salmon, maclierel) Whale and oiher fish oil. Spermaceti oil, Whalebone, .... Spermaceti candles, THE FOREST. Skins and furs, Ginseng, .... Products of wood — Staves, shingles, boards, hewn tim. Other lumber. Masts and spars. Oak bark and other dye. All manufactures of wood. Naval stores, tar, pitch, rosin and tur- pentine, .... Aslies, pot and pearl, AGRICULTURE. Product of animals — Beef, tallow, hides, horned cattle, Butter and cheese. Pork, (pickled,) bacon, lard, live hogs, Horses and mules, Sheep, ... Vegetable food — Wheat, Flour, Indian corn, .... Indian meal, .... Rye meal, .... Rye, oats, and other small grain, and pulse, .... Biscuit, or shipbread, Potatoes, .... Apples, Rice, Tobacco, Cotton, All other agricultural products — Flaxseed, Hops, Brown sugar, .... Indigo, MANUFACTURES. Soap, and tallow candles. Leather, boots and shoes. Household furniture. Coaches and other carriages, Hats, Saddlery, .... $541,058 179,106 1,404,984 430,4'JO 310,379 332,353 1,237,789 22,728 1,801,049 270,933 29,049 229,510 596,305 602,529 533,193 623,373 210,749 1,894,894 246,320 30,698 1,635,483 10,143,615 338,333 705,183 170,931 113,393 428,9881 54,524' 55,131 1,942,076! 9,883,957 1 63,870,307 120,000 11,235 45,940 209 451,995 214,360 295,844 74,416 103,398 59,517 Wax, . . 59,635 Spirits from grain, beer, ale and porter $128,330 Snuff and tobacco. 813,671 Lead, 39,637 Linseed oil, and spirits of turpentine, 63,348 Cordage, .... 43,510 Iron, pig, bar and nails, 147,397 Castings, .... 115,664 All manufactures of 841,394 Spirits from molasses, 283,707 Sugar, refined 1,214,658 Chocolate, .... 2,048 Gunpowder, .... 117,347 Copper and brass, 86,954 Medicinal drugs, 122,387 Cotton piece goods — Printed and colored, 398,977 White, .... 2,925,257 Nankeens, .... 1,200 Twist, yarn and thread. 31,445 All other manufactures of 192,728 Flax and hemp — Cloth and thread. 7,114 Bags and all manufactures of 1,128 Wearing apparel. 152,055 Combs and buttons, 40,299 Brushes, 12,263 Billiard tables and apparatus, . 2,471 Umbrellas and parasols, . 9,654 Leather and morocco skins not sold per pound, .... 19,557 Pnnling presses and type. 17,105 Fire engines and apparatus, 6,317 Musical instruments. 12,199 Books and maps. 29,632 Paper and stationery, 76,957 Paints and varnish, . 34,631 Vinegar, 6,401 Earthen and stone ware. 10,959 .Manufactures of glass. 56,6-^3 Tin, 7,501 Pewter and lead. 15,296 iMarble and stone. 35,794 Gold and silver, and gold leaf, . 1,965 Gold and silver coin. 2,235,073 Artificial flowers and jewelry, . 9,479 Molasses, 9,775 Trunks, 6,607 15rick and lime, 16,949 Domestic salt, .... 42,246 Articles not enumerated — Manufactured, 403,496 Other articles. 740,305 113,895,634 The manufactures of the United States, though inferior to its agriculture and its commerce, have recently received much attention, and have risen to great respectability. A large amount of cap- ital has been invested in th^, and they not only supply a great resource for home consumption, but also, to a considerable extent already, for exportation. This great source of national wealth and prosperity has but recently begun to be developed. During the colonial state, and even long after, there were few manufactures excepting those of the domestic and family kind. Before the revolution, it was the policy of the mother country to dis- courage colonial manufactures, and a distinguislied statesman expressed the sentiment of the gov- ernment when he said, " that he would not sufl'er America to manufacture a hob-nail for herself, if he could prevent it." But the state of things is wonderfully altered now. Home-made or family goods were produced in 1840 to the amount of $29,023,380. Thecotton manufactories were 1,240, with 2,284,631 spindles ; employed 72,119 persons ; produced articles to the value of $46,350,453 ; and had a capital employed of $51,102,359. The woollen manufactures employed 21,342 persons, produced goods to the amount of $20,696,999, and employed 12 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF a capital of $15,705,124; and paper manufactures a capital of Sl,7 15,239. Hats and caps were manufactured to the aniount of §8,704,312; straw bonnets to the amount of 81,476,5. ;3 ; tanneries, &c. employed 2G,01d persons, and a capital of $15,650,929 ; and saddleries and other leather manu- factories, a capital of 812,881,262 ; carriages and wagons employed 21,9^4 persons, and produced the value of S.O,8'.)7,837, and employed a capital of 85,551,632; mills of various kinds employed 60,788 persons, produced to the amount of $76,5 15,246, and employed a capital of $65,853,170. Vessels were built to the amountof 87,016,094. Furniture was made to the amount of $7,555,405, by 18,003 persons, and a ca])iial was employed of $6,989,971. There were 1,552 printing offices, 447 binderies, I3S daily newspapers, 125 semi or tri-weckly, 1,141 weekly, ^27 periodicals, the whole em|)loying 11,523 persons, and a capital of $5,873,815. The capital employed in ihe manu- facture of iron, was •820,432,131 ; in glass manufactures, 82,081,100, which produced articles to ihe amount of 82,890,293. The anthracite coal employed a capital of 81.355,602 ; and the bituminous, of $1,863,862; the lead, a capital of $1,316,756. The total amount of capital employed in manu- factures of every kind, was $267,726,579. * The revenue of the United States has arisen chiefly from c\istoms on imports, and from the sale of the public lands. The National Government has rarely resorted to direct taxation. By these means, the government was enabled, .lanuary 1st, 1837, not only to complete the payment of the public debt, contracted during two wars with Great Britain, but had, after reserving $5,0;)0,000, a surplus of $37,468,859, which, agreeably to an act of Congress of June 23d, 1836, was mostly deposited with the States, according to the number of their electoral votes, liable to be recalled in case of necessity, but with little expectation probably that it would ever be called for. The great expense of the Indian war in Florida, and the diminution of the customs arising from the stagnation of trade, have caused the expenses of the government to exceed the income, so that a small debt has been contracted. The public lands have recently been a great source of revenue. These lands have been ceded to the United States by the new States, or have been derived from the purchase of L(juisiana in 1803, and of Florida in 1819. These lands are considered as belonging to the native tribes of Indians who inhabit them, until the title has been regularly extinguished by pur- chase and by treaty. When this has been done, they are surveyed and sold at a dollar 25 cents the acre, as the lowest price. The amount paid into the Treasury of the United States in 1839, arising from the sale of public lands, was $7,076,447. For the first three quarters of 1840, it was $2,630,217. By an act of Congress of 1841, it was ordered that the amount of these sales should hereafter be divided among the States. The revenue for 1840 was $28,234,512; and the ex- penditure for the civil, military, naval, and other expenses, was $26,643,6.56. The U. Stales have about 100,()00,000 acres of public land surveyed and unsold, and vastly more which is not surveyed. The Mint of the United States is established at Philadelphia : and recently, branches have been established at Charlotte, North Carolina; Dahlonega, in Georgia; and at New Orleans, Louisiana. The Mint and its branches received for coinage, gold found in the United States, from 1824 to 1840, to the amount of $6,373,025. The amount of gold, silver, and copper coins pro- duced at the Mint in Philadelphia, in 1840, was $2,260,667. The following table exhibits a general view of the regular army of the United States, according to the law of 1842, which consists of — Commissioned officers • . 712 Eight regiments of Infantry, each composed of non-commissioned officers, musicians and privates, 510 4,080 Four regiments of Artillery, each composed of non-commissioned officers, musicians, and privates, 060 2,640 Two regiments of Dragoons, each composed of non-commissioned officers and privates, 660 1,320 Cadets 260 Total 9,012 The following exhibits the reduction of officers and soldiers from the previous establishment : — 1 Com. General, 2 Surveyors, 10 Assistant Surgeons, 1 Inspector General, 6 3Iilitary Store- keepers, 3 Paymasters ... 23 I*rivates reduced in Infantry .... 3,152 " " Artillery .... . ..... 203 " " Dragroons ....'• 178 Whole reduction ... 3,561 The principal reliance of the country for defence is on the Militia of the several states, amounting in the whole, on the 21st November, 1841, according to the latest official returns, to 1,587,722, distributed among the several states as shown in the following table. THE UNITED STATES. 13 States and Territories. Maine, New Hampshire, Ma.ssachiisetts, Vermont, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Peimsylvania, . Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, Nor h Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Date of No of militia. States and Territories. Date of No. of militia. return return. 1840 46,338 Alabama, 1840 44.332 1839 28,76-2 Louisiana, 1830 14,803 1810 90,857 Mississippi, 183!i 36,034 1840 26,3i)7 'I'ennessee, 1830 72,991 1840 4,491 Kentucky, 1840 82,335 1840 43,176 Ohio, 1836 173,214 1840 162,172 Indiana, 1833 53,913 1829 39,171 Illinois, 1831 27,336 1840 257,178 Missouri, 1840 34,855 18'27 9.229 Arkansas, 1825 2,023 1839 46,861 Michigan, 1831 5,476 1840 105,522 Florida Ter. 183) 2,413 1838 65,218 Wisconsin Ter. 1840 5,223 1810 48,817 Iowa Ter. no rt'ii 1840 57,312 Dist. of Columbia, 1832 1,249 1,537,722 The navy of the United States, though not large in comparison with those of some other na- tions, is undoubtedly the most efficient in proportion to its size of any in the world. It con- sisted, in July 1841, of 11 ships of the line ; 15 frigates of the 1st class ; 2 frigates of the 2d class ; 21 sloops of war ; 4 brigs ; 8 schooners ; besides 2 steam frigates, and several smaller steam vessels. The United States have navy-yards at the following places : Portsmouth, Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Washington, Norfolk, and Pensacola. There were in the Navy, 30th September, 1841, 68 Captains ; 97 Commanders ; 328 Lieutenants ; 70 Surgeons ; 57 Assistant Surgeons and Passed Assistant Surgeons ; 63 Pursers ; 24 Chaplains ; 103 Passed Midshipmen ; 370 Midshipmen ; 30 Masters. There were in December, 1840, 13,633 Post Offices. The revenue lO 184^ vt^s $4,539,255 and the expenditure was $4,759,111. The following are the rates of postage by mail. On a single letter composed of one piece of paper, for any distance not exceeding 30 miles, 6 cts. Over 30, and not exceeding 80, 10 ct. Over 80, and not exceeding 150, 12i cts. Over 150, and not exceeding 400, ISi cts. Over 400 miles, 25 cents. A letter composed of two pieces of paper, is charged with double these rates ; of three, with triple ,- of four, with quadruple. One or more pieces of paper, mailed as a letter, and weigh- mg one ounce, shall be charged with quadruple postage ; and at the same rate, should the weight be greater. For each netvspaper not carried out of the State in which it is published, 1 cent, or if carried over 100 miles out of the State in which it is published, \i cents. Magazines and pamphlets, if published periodically, and distance not exceeding 100 miles, U cents per sheet ; do. over 100 miles, 2^ cents. If not published periodically, and the distance not exceeding 100 miles, 4 cents ; do. over 100 miles, 6 cents. Every printed pamphlet or magazine, which contains more than 24 pages on a royal sheet, or any sheet of less dimensions, shall be charged by the sheet ; and small pamphlets, printed on a half or quarter of a sheet, of royal or less size", shall be charged with half the amount of postage charged on a full sheet. The President of the United States, and tlie officers of the general government at Washing, ton, receive newspapers and letters free of postage. The members of both houses of Congress are not charged, excepting for a letter or package weighmg over two ounces, when the excess is charged. Postmasters have also the privilege of receiving newspapers and letters free of postage under certain restrictions; and printers of newspapers, receive newspapers without charge, with certain limitations. The constitution of the United States forbids the establishment of religion by law ; but every person, who does not interrupt the peace of society, is protected in the exercise of his religion. The voluntary principle, as it is sometimes called, has been found to be more efficient than any legal enactment for the support of religious institutions. 14 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF Tlie following table exhibits the numbers of the difTerent religious denominations in 1840. Churches, Churches, Denominations. or congre- .Ministers. Denominations. or congre- Ministers. gations. Menonites, , gations. Baptists, 6,3)y 4,239 200 " Freewill, 753 612 Methodists, 3,106 " Seventh Day, 42 46 " Protestant, . 400 " Six-Principle, 16 10 3Ioravians or (J. Brethren, 24 33 Catholics, 512 545 .Mormonites, Christians, 1,000 800 New Jerusalem Church, 27 33 Congrejrationalists, 1,300 1,150 Presbyterians, 2,807 2,227 Campbellites, " Cumberland, 500 450 Dutch Reformed, 197 192 " As.sociate, 1H3 85 Episcopalians, 950 849 " Reformed, 40 20 Friends, 500 " A. Reform'd, 214 116 German Reformed, . 600 180 Shakers, 15 45 Jews, Tunkers, 40 40 Lutherans, 750 267 Unitarians, 200 174 Universalists, . 653 317 The people of the United States, from the first settlement of the country, have been attentive to the cause of popular education, not only by making provision for the support of common schools and academies, and grammar schools, but by founding (perhaps too many) higher seminaries of learning. In less than 29 years after the first tree was felled, and the first log- house was erected in the wilderness, by the Pilgrim Fathers of New England, Cambridge College was founded ; and the cause of education has been, from year to year, obtaining con- tinually, a stronger hold upon the community. A general impression exists in the public mind, that the perpetuity and prosperity of free institutions, depends upon the general intelligence of the people. A particular reference to the colleges will be found under the states, and a description of them under the towns where they are located. According to the census of 1840, there were in the United States 173 universities and col leges, with 16,233 students ; 3,242 academies and grammar schools, with 164,159 students ; 47,209 common and primary scliools, with 1,845,244 scholars. In the above enumeration, theologi- cal and medical institutions, where they are separate from colleges, are ranked among universi- ties and colleges. Theological institutions for a professional education, to succeed the collegiate, have been founded in different parts of the country, and by different denominations. They will be described under the places wliere they are located. One of the earliest law schools in the United States was founded in Litchfield, Conn., in 1793, by the Hon. Tapping Reeve, and taught afterwards by him, in connection with the Hon. James Gould. At this institution many of the principal civilians in the country have been educated. It is now discontinued. Others have been established indifferent places. An account of them will be found under the places where they are located. Numerous medical institutions have been founded for the education of physicians and surgeons. Many of the students have received an education at some college ; but this is not generally indis- pensable, where the acquirements of the candidate are respectable, in order to membership. They will be described under the places where they are located. The government of the United States is that of a confederated Republic, formed by a union of states, each of which has a local government, for the management of its immediate concerns. The powers of the general government are defined by the constitution, formed by delegates from the original states, submitted to the people, the only acknowledged sources of power, and by them adopted in state conventions, assembled for the purpose. It went into operation by the election and inauguration of Gen. George Washington, as first President, in 1789. The President of the United States, who possesses the supreme executive power, is chosen for the term of 4 years, by electors from each state, equal to the whole number of senators and repre- sentatives in the state. No person holding an office of trust under the government of the United States can be an elector. The person who has a majority of all the votes, is President ; but if no one has such majority, the House of Representatives choose a President from 3 candidates, having the greatest number of votes. In the election of President, the votes are given by states. A Vice-President is chosen at the same time, and in the same form. No person can be elected as President, who is less than 35 years of age, who is not a native born citizen of the United States, or was not a citizen at the time of the adoption of the constitu- tion, and who has not been a resident in the United States for 14 years. The same qualifications are necessary for a candidate for the Vice-Presidency. The President is commander-in-chief of the army and navy, and of the militia when in the actual THE UNITED STATES. 15" service of the United States. With the advice and consent of the Senate, he makes treaties, ap- points ambassadors, and judges of the supreme court, and other officers of the national government, whose appointment is not otherwise provided for by the constitution. He takes care that the laws be executed, and commissions all officers. He has power to grant reprieves and pardons for all offences against the United States, except in case of impeachments. In making treaties, the con- currence of two thirds of the Senate is necessary. In case of the death, removal, or resignation of the President, the Vice-President succeeds to the duties of his office. The Senate consists of 2 members from each state, chosen by the legislature, for the term of 6 years. One third of the Senate is chosen every year. To be eligible as a senator, a person must be not less than 35 years of age ; and must have been a citizen of the United States for 9 years. It belongs to the Senate to try all cases of the impeachment of the President or Vice-President. The representatives are chosen for 2 years. No person can be a representative who is not 25 years of age, and who has not been for 7 years a citizen of the United States. The representa- lives are proportioned according to the number of inhabitants, and since the census of 1840, has been fixed at 70,680. In the enumeration, three fifths of the slaves are omitted. Congress has power to lay and collect taxes ; to provide for the common defence and general welfare ; to borrow money ; to regulate foreign and domestic commerce ; to establish uniform laws of naturalization and bankruptcy ; to coin money, and regulate its value ; to fix the standard of weights and measures ; to establish post-offices and post-roads ; to grant patent and copy-rights ; to constitute tribunals inferior to the supreme court; to define and punish piracies, and offences on the high seas, and against the law of nations ; to declare war, and grant letters of marque and reprisal ; make rules respecting captures ; raise and support armies ; provide and maintain a navy ; provide for the calling out of the militia, to execute the laws of the Union, suppress insurrections and repel invasions ; and to exercise exclusive jurisdiction over the District of Columbia. No member of Congress is allowed to hold any office under the Government of the United States, while he continues such. All bills for raising money must originate in the House of Repre- sentatives. Tlie Judicial power of the United States is vested in a Supreme Court, consisting of a Chief Jus- tice, and 8 Associate Justices ; of 9 District Courts, consisting of a Judge of the Supreme Court, and a District Judge ; and 34 District Courts, held by a District Judge alone ; from whose decisions there is, in certain cases, an appeal to the Circuit Court, and from this to the Supreme Court. The Judges hold their offices during good behavior ; and their salaries cannot be diminished, during their con- tinuance in office. The Supreme Court meets annually at Washington, on the 2d Monday of January. The national existence of this country commenced July 4th, 1776, when the delegates from the states, in congress assembled, declared that " the United States are, and of right ought to be free and independent ;" but long and arduous was the struggle by which they made good the declaration. With a population of about 3,000,000, and unprovided with the means of carrying on a war with one of the most powerful nations in the world, with stout hearts, indomitable perse- verance, and a devoted patriotism, they persevered in the contest, until complete success crowned their exertions. Tliere was much in the colonial history of the country, which was well fitted to train up its inhabitants for freedom. In their early state, the colonies were much neglected by the mother country, and were left, in a great measure, to manage their own affairs in their own way ; and they were thus pfepared to resist all the encroachments of the mother country and the royal governors, and finally to assert their independence. The Indian and French wars had trained them extensively to military operations ; and some of the colonial commanding officers in the French war, had fought side by side with British officers, to whom they were afterwards opposed in mortal combat. The hero who led the American armies to victory and triumph, had received the best possible military education, by being called to lead the colonial militia against the French at Fort du Quesne, (now Pittsburg.) After Braddock's defeat, he conducted the retreat of the shattered forces, in a masterly manner ; and if his advice had been followed in time, the British army would not probably have fallen into an ambush, and been defeated. President Davies, then a distinguished clergyman in Virginia, afterwards of Princeton College, in a sermon on this sub- ject, uttered more of a prophecy than he was aware of when he said, " that he could not but think, that heaven had preserved that brave youth. Col. Washington, for some signal service to his coun- try." Washington refused all compensation for his arduous services in the revolutionary war, excepting his expenses of which he kept an accurate account. The following are the principal battles of the revolution, with the commanders, and loss on each side. The war commenced with the battle o( Lexington, April 19th, 1775. American loss, 84; British loss, 245. Bunker Hill, June 17th, 1775, American, Prescot, loss, 453 ; British, Howe, 1,054. Flaibush, August ISth, 1776, British, Howe, loss, 400 ; American, Putnam & Sullivan, 2,000. White 16 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF Plains, October 28th, 1776, American, Washington, 3 or 400 ; British, Howe, 3 or 400. Trenton, December 25th, 1776, American, Washington, 9 ; British, Rahl, 1,000. Princeton, Jan. 3d, 1777, American, Washington, 100 ; British, Mavvhood, 4)0. Bcnmnglon, August 16th, 1777, American, Stark, 100; British, liaum & Breman, 600. Brandijwine, .September 11th, 1777, British, Howe, 500; American, VVasliington, 1,000. Germanlown, October 4th, 1777, British, Howe, 6l)t) ; American, Washington, 1,200. Slillwaler, October 17th, 1777, American, Gates, 350 ; British, Burgoyne, 600, 5,752 men surrendered. Monmrntlh, June 25th, 177S, American, Washington, 230 ; British, Ciiiitoni 400. RJiode Island, August 29th, 1778, American, Sullivan, 211 ; British, Pigott. 260. Briar Creek, March 30th, 1779, British, Prevost, 16 ; American, Ash, 300. Stony Point, July 15ih, 1779, American, Wayne, 100 ; British, 600. Camden, August 16th, 1780, British, Cornwallis, 375 ; American, Gates, 720. Cowpens, January 17th, 1781, American, Morgan, 72 ; British, Tarleton, 800. Guilford Cmirt House, March 15th, 1781, American, Greene, 400 ; British, Cornwallis, 523. Eutaw Springs, Septem- ber 8th, 1781, American, Greene, 555, British, Stewart, 1,()00. The war closed by the surrender at Vorktown, by Cornwallis, October 19th, 1783, of 7,073 British soldiers to Washington. The whole amount of the expenses of the revolutionary war, estimated in specie, was $135,193,703. The following table will show what proportion of the war was borne by the several slates, to which the population in round numbers in 1790, is subjoined. States. Continentals. Militia. Pop. 1790. New Hampshire, 12,497 2,093 141,000 Mass. including Me., 67,907 15,155 475,000 Rhode Island, 5,908 4,284 68,000 Connecticut, 31,959 7,792 235,000 New York, 17,781 3,304 319,000 New Jersey, 10,726 6,055 173,000 Pennsylvania, 25,678 7,357 431,000 States. Continentals. Militia. Pop. 1790. Delaware, 2,386 376 51,000 3Iaryland, 13,912 4,127 216,000 Virginia, 26,678 5,620 455,000 North Carolina, 7,263 293,000 South Carolina, 6,417 133,000 Georgia, 2,679 53,000 Total, 231,971 56,163 3,043,000 Vermont, which was not then admitted to the Union, bore her full share in the revolutionary war. Provisional articles of peace were signed in Paris, Nov. 30th, 1782, by John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, John Jay, and Henry Laurens, on the part of the United States; and Mr. Fitzherbert and Mr. Oswald on the part of Great Britain. The definitive treaty was signed September 30th, 1783- The Independence of the United States was acknowledged by Holland, April 19th, 1782 ; by Sweden, February 5th; by Denmark, February 25th; by Spain, March 24th; by Russia in July 1783, and by Prussia in 1785. On the second Monday of May, 1787, delegates from the several states assembled at Philadel- phia, for the purpose of forming a constitution ; and George Washington was appointed to preside over them. On the 17th of September, after a debate of 4 months, a constitution was adopted, sign- ed by all the members, and sent to the several states for their approval. It was provided that the ratification of nine states should be sufficient for its establishment. It was warmly debated by the state conventions, but finally adopted by them all. (For the vote in the several states, see the particular articles on the states.) In several of the states amendments were recommended. The adoption of the constitution forms a most important era in the history of the United States, and its happy operation has perpetuated the blessings secured by the blood and treasure expended in the revolu'ion. The following liistory of its adoption is extracted from 3Iorse's Geography, published in 1789, and written when the event was transpiring. It deserves to be perpetuated. " In the small state of Delaware, a convention was called in November, wliich,- after a few days' deliberation, ratified the constitution without a dissenting voice. " In the convention of Pennsylvania, held the same month, there was a spirited opposition to tho new form of government. The debates were long and interesting. Great abilities and firmness were displayed on both sides ; but, on the 13th of December, the constitution was received by two tliirds of the members. " In New Jersey, tho convention which met in December, were unanimous in adopting the con- stitution ; as was likewise that of Georgia. " In Connecticut there was some opposition ; but the constitution was, on the 9th of January, 1788, ratified by tliree fourths of the votes in convention, and the minority peaceably acquiesced iu the decision. " In Massachusetts, the opposition was large and respectable. The convention, consisting of more than three hundred delegates, were assembled in January, and continued their debates, with great candor and liberality, about five weeks. At length the question was carried for the constitu- tion by a small majority, and the minority, with that manly condescension which becomes great minds, submitted to the measure, and united to support the government. " In New Hampshire, the federal cause was, for some time, doubtful. The greatest number of the delegates in convention were at first on the side of the opposition ; and some, who might have THE UNITED STATES. 17 had their objections removed by the discussion of the subject, were instructed to reject the constitu- tion. An adjournment was therefore moved and carried. This gave the people opportunity to gain a further knowledge of the merits of the constitution, and at the second meeting of the -conven- tion, it was ratified by a respectable majority. " In Maryland, several men of abilities appeared in the opposition, and were unremitted in their endeavors to persuade the people, that the proposed plan of government was artfully calculated to deprive them of their dearest rights ; yet in convention it appeared that five sixths of the voices were in favor of it. " In South Carolina, the opposition was respectable ; but two tliirds of the convention appeared to advocate and vote for the constitution. " In Virgima, many of the principal characters opposed the ratification of the constitution with great abilities and industry. But after a full discussion of the subject, a small majority, of a numer- ous convention, appeared for its adoption. " In New York, two thirds of the delegates in convention were, at their first meeting, determined to reject the constitution. Here, therefore, the debates were the most interesting, and the event extremely doubtful. The argument was managed with uncommon address and abilities on both sides of the question. But during the session, the ninth and tenth states had acceded to the pro- posed plan, so that by the constitution. Congress were empowered to issue an ordinance for organ- izing the new government. Tliis event placed the opposition on new ground ; and the expediency of uniting with the other states — the generous motives of conciliating all differences, and the danger of a rejection, influenced a respectable number, who were originally opposed to the constitution, to join the federal interest. The constitution was accordmgly ratified by a small majority ; but the ratification was accompanied here, as in Virginia, with a bill of rights, declaratory of the sense of tlie convention, as to certain great principles, and with a catalogue of amendments, which were to be recommended to the consideration of the new congress, and the several state legislatures. " North Carolina met in convention in July, to deliberate on the new constitution. After a short session they rejected it, by a majority of one hundred and seventy-six against seventy-six. Tliis was the first state that had, in a formal manner, rejected the constitution. " Rhode Island was doomed to be the sport of a blind and singular policy. Tlie legislature, in consistency with the measures which had been before pursued, chd not call a convention, to col- lect the sense of the state upon the proposed constitution ; but in an unconstitutional and absurd manner, submitted the plan of government to the consideration of the people. Accordingly it was brought before town-meetings, and in most of them rejected. In some of tlie large towns, particu- larly in Newport and Providence, the people collected and resolved, with great propriety, that they could not take up the subject ; and that the proposition for embracing or rejecting the federal con- stitution, could come before no tribunal but that of the state m convention or legislature." (North Carolina finally adopted the constitution in Nov. 1789 ; and Rhode Island in May, 1790.) " From the moment the proceedings of the general convention at Philadelphia transpired, the public mind was exceedingly agitated, and suspended between hope and fear, until nine states had ratified their plan of a federal government. Indeed, the anxiety continued until Virginia and New York had acceded to the system. But this did not prevent the demonstrations of their joy on the accession of each state. " On the ratification in Massachusetts, the citizens of Boston, in the elevation of their joy, formed a procession in honor of the happy event, which was novel, splendid, and magnificent. Tliis exam- ple was afterwards followed, and in some instances improved upon, in Baltimore, Charleston, Plul- adelphia, New Haven, Portsmouth, and New York, successively. Notliing could equal the beauty and grandeur of these exhibitions. A ship was mounted upon wheels, and drawn through the streets ; mechanics erected stages, and exhibited specimens of labor in their several occupations, as they moved along the road ; flags with emblems, descriptive of all the arts and of the federal union, were mvented and displayed in honor of the government ; multitudes of all ranks in life assembled to view the majestic scenes ; wliile sobriety, joy, and harmony, marked the brilliant exhibitions, by which the Americans celebrated the establishment of their Empire." The constitution was finally ratified by Congress, July 14th, 1783. On the first Wednesday of January, 1789, electors of President and Vice-President were appointed. The electors met on the 1st Wednesday of February, 1789, and George Washington was unanimously chosen President, and John Adams was chosen Vice-President. Gen. Washington was inaugurated as first Presi- dent, on the 30th of April, 1789, in the open gallery of the old Federal Hall in New York, where the Customhouse now stands ; and at the conclusion, the mass of citizens in Wall-street, and far down Broad-street, rent the air with llic hearty and universal shout, " Long live George Wash- ington !" 18 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE UNITED STATES. The following is a list of the Presidents of the United States. 1. George Washington, 2. Jolm Adams, 3. Tiioinas Jefferson, 4. James Madison, 5. James Monroe, 6. John Qiiini y Adams, 7. Andrew Jackson, 8. Martin Van JtJuren, 9. William 11. Harrison, 10. John Tyler, 1797 8 years 1801 4 " 1809 8 " 1817 8 " 18-25 8 " 1829 4 " 1837 8 " 1841 4 " of Virginia, from 1789 Massachusetts, " 1797 "Virginia, " 1801 Virginia, " 1809 Virginia, " 1817 Massachusetts, " 1825 Tennessee, " 1829 New York, " 1837 Ohio; died 1 month after his inauguration, 1841. Virginia, as Vice-President, succeeded, 1841. Gen. Washington died suddenly, at his residence at Mount Vernon, December 14th, 1799, of an inflammation of the throat, at the age of 68 years ; and the nation everywhere mourned for him, as for a father. Funeral processions were formed, and funeral orations were delivered in almost every considerable place in the country ; and the respect of the world has added its sanction to the nalioTi's tears. In 1803, Louisiana was purchased of the French, for $15,000,000 ; and Florida was ceded to th6 United States in 1821 by Spain, in compensation for spoliations on American commerce, for $5,000,000. On the 4th of June, 1812, war was declared with Great Britain by the American Congress, by a vote in the House of 79 to 49; and in the Senate by a vote of 19 to 13. This war continued with varied success, until peace was concluded at Ghent, December 21th, 1814, leaving the parties in the condition in which the war was commenced, except the expenditure of money and of life. The original 13 states that adopted the constitution, were ISew Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Vir- ginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia. To these, 13 new states have been added ; Ver- mont in 1791, Kentucky in 1792, Tennessee in 1796, Oliio in 1802, Louisiana in 1812, Indiana in 1816, Mississippi in 1817, Illinois in 1818, Alabama in 1819, Maine in 1820, Mssouri in 1821i Arkansas in 1836 Michigan in 1836. A DESCRIPTIVE AND STATISTICAL GAZETTEER OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. ABI ACC Aaronsburg, p-v., Haias t., Centre co., Pa. It is at the eastern extremity of Penns valley, near Penn's creek, 32 ms. Bellefonte, 89 n. w. Harrisburg, 181 W. It contains a Lutheran church, 2 stores, 80 dwellings, and about 450 inhabitants. Aaron's Run, p-c, Montgomery co., Ky., 65 E. Frankfort, 520 W. Abbeville district, S.C., situated in the w. part of the state, it lies between the Savannah and Saluda rs., drained principally by branches of the Savannah r. ; the surface is agreeably diversified, well watered and fertile. Capital, Abbeville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 28,642, sheep 12,973, swine 54,939; wheat 93,104 bush, pro- duced, rye 2,445, Ind. corn 1,135,834, oats 104,606, potatoes 38,699, silk cocoons 266 pounds, tobacco i,200, cotton 8,528,482 ; 12 for. com. houses, cap. $68,000; 16stores, cap. $178,139; 14 distilleries, 7 tanneries, 10 flounng m., 42 grist m., 24 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $34,555. 11 acad. 412 stu- dents, 50 sch. 1,115 scholars. Pop. 1830, 28,149; 1840, whites 13,380, slaves 15,148, free col'd 323; total, 29,351. Abbeville, p-v., capital of Abbeville district, S. C, 97 w. Columbia, 259 VV. Situated on a small branch of Little r. in the centre of the district. It has a court house, a jail, an arsenal, a maga- zine, and several stores and dwellings. Abbeville, p-v., capital of Henry co., Ala., 211 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 837 W. Situated on Yatta- yabba cr. : has a court house and 400 inhabitants. Abbyville, p-v , Medina co., O., 5 Medina, 123 N. E. Columbus, 357 W. It has 15 houses, 1 store, cap. $60:;0 : 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Pop. 55. Abbot, p-t., Piscatiquis co.. Me., 70 n. by e. Augusta, 130 N. by e. Portland, 674 W. The Piscatiquis r. passes through its centre. Incorpo- ratedinl827. It has 12 sch. 314 scholars. Pop.661. Abbott's creek, p-o., Davidson co., N. C. Abbot's Mills, p-o., Rutherlbrd co., Tenn., 40 s. E. Nashville, 668 W. Abbottstown, p-v., Berwick t., Adams co., Penn., 18 s. York, 29 s. Harrisburg, 88 W. It is on Beaver cr. a branch of the Conewago creek. It contains 2 churches, 3 stores, and 75 dwellings. Abel's Creek, p-o., Arkansas co., Ark., 84 s. e. Little Rock, 1,149 W. Aberdee.\, p-v., Monroe co.. Miss., 168 n. Jack- son, 899 VV. Situated on the w. side of Tombig- bee r. Aberdeen, p-v., Brown co., O., 123 s. w. Co- lumbus, 460 W. It is on the Ohio r. opposite Maysville, Ken., and contains 60 dwelling houses, 6 stores, and various mechanic shops. Aberfoil, p-o., Macon co., Ala., 158 s. E. Tus- caloosa, 830 W. Abingdon, p-v., Harford co., Md., 22 e. Balti- more. 52 N. E. Annapolis, 62 W. It contains 2 Methodist churches, and an academy. Pop. 120. Abingdon, p-v., capital of Washington co., Va., 304 s. w. Richmond, 372 VV. Situated between the 2 forks of Holston r., 7 ms. from each. It contains a court house, jail, 4 churclies, 2 Presby- terian and 2 Methodist, 2 academies, 1 male and 1 female, both brick edifices ; 12 stores, some of them wholesale, 1 flouring m., 1 woollen iac, '2 cotton fac, 4 tanneries, numerous mechanic shops, 200 dwellings, many of them elegant, and about 1,000 inhabitants. It is a distribuung post- office. Abingdon, p-o.. Lake co., 111., 2-13 n. by e. Springfield, 749 W. Abington, p-t., Plymouth co., Mass., 20 s. s. E. Boston, 22 n. w. Plymouth, 18 n. n. e. Tamilon, 438 W. It has 3 Congregalional chm-ches. There were in 1840 20 stores, with a cap. of $27,400 ; hanlware and cutlery manufac. $3 1,533 ; of leather $621,100. It has 1 tannery, 5 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $163,650. 10 sch. 673 scho- lars. Pop. 3,214. Abington, p-v., Pomfret t., Windham co., Ct., 33 E. by N. Hartford, 374 W. It has a Congrega- tional church, and several neat dwellings. Abington, p-t., Montgomery co.. Pa., 109 e. Harrisburg, 149 W. It iias a Presbyterian and a Friends' church ; 2 stores, with a cap. of $4,300 ; 1 doming m., 4 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $11,320. 3 acad. 171 students. Pop. 1,704. Abington, p-t., Wayne co., ia., 72 e. Indian- apolis, 505 W. Situated on the w. side of the e. fork of White Water r. Pop. 923. Abington (Centre,) p-v., Wyoming co.. Pa., 151 N. e. Harrisburg, 257 W. Drained by the south branch of Tunivhannock cr. The t. has 5 stores, cap. $10,530 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,950. 2 acad. 60 students, 10 sch. 373 scholars. Pop. 1,770. Aboite, p-t., Allen co., la., 120 n. n. e. Indi- anapolis, 555 W. 2 sch. 38 scholars. Pop. 235. Abram's Creek, Columbia co., N. Y., is a, small stream which falls into the Hudson, 4 ms. above Hudson city. Abram's Plains, p-o., Granville co., N. C. Abscota, p-o., Calhoun co., Mich.. 120 w. De- troit, 578 W. AcsEcuM, v., in Galloway t, Atlantic co., N. J., 95 s. Trenton, 105 W. it is on Absecum cr., 2 ms. above Absecum Bay. It has 1 store, and 8 or 10 dwellings. AcADE.MiA, p-o., Knox CO., Tenn., 193 e. Nash- ville, 488 W. Acasto, p-o., Kane co., III., 187 n. by e. Sprmgfield, 764 W. AccOxMAC county, Va. Situated on the east- ern shore of Chesapeake Bay ; and, with North- ampton CO. on the s., it constitutes the " east- ern shore of Virginia." It contains 480 sq. ms.. ADA 20 ADA and considerable fertile land. The soil is mostly sandy, and there are several islands belonging lo it, in Chesapeake Bay. On the n. w. is a large branch of the Chesapeake, denominated Poco- moke Bay. It is divided into 2 Parishes, Accomac parish, and St. George's parish. There were in 1840, neat cattle ia,37(j, sheep 10,251, swine 26,519; wheal 14,47'J bush, (jroduced, Ind. corn 642,682, oats 453,137, potatoes 113,3%, cotton 4,251 lbs. ; 47 stores, cap. $125,050 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $J,tXX) ; 6 tanneries, 4y grist m., 1 oil m. (."ap. in nianulac. ■$72,'J21. 26 sch. 751 scholars. Pop. 1830, rj,656; 1840, whites 'J,518, slaves 4,630, free col'd 2, 818 ; total 17,0%. AccoM.\c, p-v., capital of Accomac co., Va., 193 E. by N. Richmond, 197 W. It contains a Methodist ch\irch, 3 stores, 1 taimery, 3 grist m., various mechanic shops, and about 40 dwellings. Acco.MAN, p-o., Accomac co., Va., 212 e. by x. Richmond, 178 W. AciiOR, p-o., (.'olumbiana co., O., 172 N. E. Columbus, 278 W. The v. is called Achorstown. AcQU.vcKA.'^ONCK, p-t., Passaic co., N. J., 13 N. w. New York, 79 n. e. Trenton, 236 W. Sit- uated s. and w. of the Passaic r. Surface hilly and mountainous on the west, and rolling on the east ; the soil generally fertile. The v. is situa- ted on the w. bank of the Passaic r. at the head of sloop navigation. It has 2 Dutch Refonned churches, several stores, and about 80 dwellmgs. There are in the t. 8 stores, cap. $8,350 ; 1 cotton fac, 1,000 spindles, 2 tanneries, 1 brewery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap in manufac. $73,600. 1 acad. 34 students, 3 sch. 130 scholars. Pop. 2,483. AcRA, p-v., Greene co., N. Y., 47 s. s. w. Al- bany, 349 W. It has 1 Baptist church, 1 store, 1 tannery, and 12 or 15 dwellings. AcTo.\, p-t., York co.. Me., 91 s. w. Augusta, 520 W. It lies near the head waters of Salmon Falls r., by which it is separated from N. Hamp- shire. It has 3 stores, cap. $2,0(X) ; 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac, $7,664. In connnon schools. 489 scholars. Pop. 1,401. Acton, l., Windham co., Vt., 18 n. w. Brat- tleboro, 15 n. Nevvlane, about 90 s. Montpelier. The surface is uneven and well watered by brooks, not sufficiently large for mill streams. There is, however, 1 saw ni. It has 4 sch. 51 scholars. Pop. 170. Acton, p-t., Middlesex co., Mas.s., 22 n. w. Bos- Ion, 462 W. It has a good soil, and Assabet r. passes through it. Iiicoiporated in 1735. It has 4 stores, cap. $4,800 ; 1 llouring m., 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac, $81,000. 5 sch. 337 scholars. Pop. 1,121. Acton Corner, p-o., York co.. Me., 91 s. w. Augusta, 520 W. AcwoRTH, p-t., Sullivan co., N. H., 46 w. Con- cord, 460 W. The soil is good, and it has some good mill seats on Cold river, issuing from Cold pond. Incorporated in 1712. It has two stores, cap. $6,000 ; 1 woollen fac. producing $8,000 ; 520 scholars in com. schools. Pop. 1,450. Ada, p-t., Kent co., I>Iich., 158 n. w. Detroit, 639 W. Situated on riie s. side of Grand r. The v. is at the junction of Thorn-apple r. Ada I II, county, Ky. A central, southern co., and contains 440 sij. ms. Drained chiefly by Green r. and its branches, soil fertile. Capital, Columbia. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,018, sheep 12,263, swine 31,192; wlieat 27,888 bush, produced, rye 1,164, Ind. corn 308,103, oats 104,647, potatoes 12,708, tobacco 1,030,116 pounds, cotton 8,806, sugar 21,705; 10 stores, cap. $39,375 ; 10 tarnieries, 19 distilleries, 5 llour- ing m., 19 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. ni manufac. $32,304. 1 1 sch. 212 schobrs. Pop. 1830, 8,220 ; 1840, whites 6,769, slaves 1,605, free col'd 92 ; total 8,466. AuAiR, county. Mo. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 567 sq. ms. It is drained by Chariton r. Capital, Hopkinsville. Erected, 1840. AuAiRS, p-o., Natchitoches par., La. Adairsvili-e, p-o., Cass co., Ga., 156 n. w. Milledgeville, 63 W. Adairsville, p-v., Logan co., Ky., 10 s. w. Russelville, 182 s. w. Frankfort, 706 W. Adams, cape, the s. point of land at the mouth of the Columbia r., on the Pacific. A sand bar 5 ms. across, extends from it to within a mile of Cape Disappointment, which is 7 ms. distant in a N. w. direction. When the wind blows from the w., this sand bar is covered with dangerous break- ers. The cape is low, and thinly wooded, and is in 46° 17' N. lat., 46° 50' w. Ion. from W. With- in Cape Disappointment, the U. S. sloop of war Peacock, belonging to the Exploring Expedition, was stranded and lost, July 18th, 1841. Adams, county, Penn., lies in the south part of the state. The surface is uneven, and the soil is fertile. It contains 528 sq. ms., and the waters flow into the Susquehanna and the Potomac. Capital, Gettysburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 19,313, sheep 19,140, swine 31,583; wheat 216,606 bush, produced, rye 88,561, Ind. corn 290,724, buckwheat 5,404, barley 1,666, oats 274,960, potatoes 69,915, 171 pounds silk cocoons; 59 stores, cap. $217,800; 2 lumber yards, cap. 1,070 ; 3 furnaces, 3 fulling m., 5 wool- len fac, 28 tanneries, 18 distilleries, 2 breweries, 8 potteries, 42 flouring m., 40 grist m., 76 saw m., 4 oil m., 5 printing offices, 1 bindery, 5 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $188,020. 2 col- leges, 190 students, 1 acad. 42 students, 97 sch. 4,065 scholars. Pop. 23,044. Adams, s. w. county. Miss., is bounded on the w. by the Mississippi. Contains 440 sq. ms. The surface is moderately hilly, excepting bottoms on the rivers, and the soil is generally fertile. Cap- ital, Natchez. There were in 1840, neat cattle 22,033, sheep 4,741, swine 4,553; Ind. corn 196,569 bush, produced, oats 13,843, potatoes 51,701, cotton 20,292,470 pounds ; 7 commercial and 11 com. houses, cap. $365,IXX) ; 112 stores, cap. $1,290,010 ; 6 lumber yards, cap. $110,000; 4 saw m., 2 printing ofllces, 1 bindery, 2daily,2 week- ly, and 1 semi-weekly newspapers. Cap. in man- ufac. $164,100; 1 college, 90 students, 7 acad. 311 students, 13 sch. 269 scholars. Pop., whites 5,010, slaves 14,241, free col'd 283; total 19,434. Adams, county, O., in the s. part of the state, on the Ohio r. Contains 559 sq. ms. The sur- face is hilly, and the soil various. Watered by Brush cr., along which is iron ore. Capital, West Union. There were in 1840, neat cattle 17,839, sheep 20,550, swine 17,470; wheat 136,292 bush, produced, rye 177, Ind. com 211,049, barley 214, oats 102,545, potatoes 7,806, sugar 32,510 pounds; 52 stores, cap. $76,482; 2 furna- ces, 6 tanneries, 6 flouring m., 10 grist m., 10 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 printing oliice. Cap. in manufac. $21,971. 10 sch. 284 scholars. Pop. 13,183. Adams, county, la. In the e. part of the state, bounded e. by the state of Ohio. Contains 336 sq. ms. Organized in 1836. St. Mar>''s r. flows througii the n. and Wabash through the s. part. Capital, Decatur. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,194, sheep 338, swine 4,319: wheat 3,918 bush, produced, rve 147, Ind. com 36,688, buckwheat 51)9, oats 4,577, potatoes 7,907, to- bacco 120 pounds, sugar 15,583; 3 stores, cap. $3,400 ; 1 grist ni., 2 saw m. Caji. in manufac. $3,500. 3 "sch. 35 scholars. Pop. 2,264. Adams, county, 111., in the w. part of the state, ADA 21 ADA Its waters flow into the Mississippi and Iliinois. Contains 763 sq. ms. Capital, Quincy- Tliere were in 1840, neat cattle 19,312, sheep 13,093, swine 49,391 ; wheat 143,865 bush, produced, rye 297, Ind. corn 721,563, buckwheat 1,197, barley 1,2S0, oats 154,577, potatoes 61,013, to- bacco 7,269 pounds, sugar 1,810; 56 stores, cap. $185,280; 4 com. houses, cap. $9,CKXJ ; 1 lum- ber yard, cap. $3,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fan., 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 breweries, 4 flour- ing m., 14 grist m., 24 saw m., 4 printing oHices, 1 bindery, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manu- fac. $163,419. 1 acad. 60 students, 101 sch. 2,724 scholars. Pop. 14,476. Adams, p-t., Berkshire co., Mass., 20 n. Pitts- field, 40 E. Albany, 132 w. n. w. Boston, 392 W It is a valuable township, and contauis 2 post vil- lages, 5 or 6 ms. apart, each of which contains 3 churches. The n. village contains 1 Congrega- tional, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist ; the s. village, 1 Baptist, 1 Friends, and 1 free to all denominations. In the N. village is a bank, with a cap. of $200,000. Hoosack river passes through the town, and affords an extensive water power, which has been em- ployed in manufactures. There were in 1840, 18 stores, with a cap. of §25,800 ; 14 cotton manufac- tories, with 18,320 spindles, 1 dyeing and printing establishment, the whole producing articles to the amountof $431,107, employing a cap. of $316,000; I furnace, 5 tanneries, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Manufactures of leather, $12,200. Cap. in man- ufec. $488,900. 1 acad. 45 students, 18 sch. 735 scholars. Pop. 3,703. There is a natural bridge in this town over Hud- son's brook, a branch of Hoosack r., wliich is a great curiosity. The stream has worn a channel from 30 to 60 feet deep, and 30 rods in length, in a body of white marble or limestone, leaving, in one place, a natural bridge, 12 or 15 feet long, 10 feet wide, and 60 feet above the surface of the stream. Saddleback mountain is between this town and Williamstown, but mostly in this town The highest peak, denominated Gray lock, is 3,600 feet above the level of the sea. The remains of old fort Massachusetts are still to be seen, on the n. end of Saddle motmtain, erected as a defence agamst the savages. Adams, p-t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 162 n. w. Al- bany, 403 W., situated on both sides of Sandy cr., where there is a lall of 15 feet, producing a good water power. It has 10 stores, cap. $32,200 ; 1 ful- ling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 tannery, and 1 brewery ; 15 com. sch. with 581 scholars. Pop. 2,966. The v. has 120 dwelling houses, 1 Presbyterian, and 1 Methodist church, and a seminary for young ladies. Adams, t., Coshocton co., O., on the n. side of Tuscarawas r. It contains 1 grist m., 2 saw m., and 1 distillery ; 1 sch., with 25 scholars. Pop. 838. Adams, t., Guernsey co., O., 5 ms. w. of Cam- bridge. The national road, and Crooked cr. pass through the s. e. corner. Pop. 867. Adams, t., Henry co., O. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,000. 2 sch., 34 scho- lars. Pop. 188. Ada.ms, t., Washuigton co., O., on the Blusking- um r. It has 6 sch., with 200 scholars. Pop. 792. Adams, t., in the n. part of Senecaco.,0. Drain- ed by Green cr. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,000. Pop. 1,250. Adams, t., Allen co., O. 2 sch. 35 scholars. Pop. 363. Adams, t., Monroe co., O., drained centrally by Sunfish cr. It contains 22 sq. ms. Pop. 898. Adams t., Muskingum co., 0., watered by Wills' cr. and the Muskmgum r. Pop. 988. Adams, t., Dark co., O., 3 ms. from Greenville, the CO. seat. It is watered by Greenville and Panther crs. Pop. 687. Adams, t.. Champaign co., O., 10 ms. n. w. Ur- banna. It is drained by Stony and Tawawa crs.; has 1 store, cap. $1,200 ; 1 tannery, 2 saw m. ; 5 sch. 93 scholars. Pop. 970. Ada.ms, p-t., Hillsdale co., Mich., 93 s. w. De- troit, 533 W. It has 2 saw m., and employs a manufacturing cap. of $3,000 ; 4 sch. 174 schol- ars. Pop. 534. Adams, p-t., Decatur co., la., 54 s. E. by e. In- dianapolis, 557 W. Ada.ms, t., Hamilton co., la. Pop. 512. Adams, p-o., Ii-win co., Ga., 97 s. Milledgeville, 761 W. Adams Basin, p-v., Monroe co., N. Y., 230 w. Albany, 379 W. Situated on the Erie canal. It has 1 church, 1 store, 2 saw m., and 25 dwellings. Ada.msburg, p-v., Hempfield t., Westmoreland CO., Pa., 183 w. Harrisburg, 209 W. The road from Greensburg to Pittsburg passes through it. It contains 4 stores, 1 grist m., and 30 dwellings. Adams Centre, p-o., Jefferson co., N. Y., 162 N. w. Albany, 403 W. Adams' Mills, p-v., Muskingum co., O., 61 e. Columbus, 346 W. It is situated on the Ohio ca- nal, 6 N. E. Dresden. It has 1 store, a warehouse, a large flouring mill, supplied with water from tlie canal, and a few other buildings. Adams' Mills, p-o., Pulaski co., Ky., 12 Som- erset, 76 s. by E. Frankfort, 587 W. Adamstovvn, p-v., Cocalico t., Lancaster co., Pa., 23 N. N. E. Lancaster, 47 Harrisburg, 136 W It contains 25 or 30 buildings, including dwellings, stores, &c. Adamsville, p-o., Franklin co., Ms., 104 w. by N. Boston, 414 W. Adamsville, p-o., Washington co., N. Y., in the towTi of Kingsbury, 58 n. Albany, 430 W. ) Adamsville, p-o., Somerset co., N. J., 35 n. Trenton, 206 W. Adamsville, p-o., Crawford co., Pa., 252 n. w. Harrisburg, 3j2 W. Adamsville, p-v., Ontwa t., Cass co., Mich., 172 w. by s. Detroit, 617 W. It lies on both sides of Christiana r., has 1 flouring m., 1 saw in., and 2 stores. Adamsville, p-v., McNairy co., Tenn., 133 s. w. Nashville, 815 W. Adamsville, p-v., Marlborough dist.,S.C., 114 E. N. E. Columbus, 402 s. s. w. W. Adamsville, p-o., Cass co., Ga., 157 n. w. Milledgeville, 658 W. Adamsville, p-o., Panola co., Miss., 184 n. Jackson, 922 W. Addison, county, Vt., on the west side of the state, lies on Lake Champlain. It was organized in 1787, and contains about 700 sq. ms. The sur- face is mostly level near the lake, but becomes hilly and momitainous towards the e. The land in the lake towns is of a superior quality, and in the hilly parts is well adapted to grazing. It is watered chiefly by Otter cr., and its tributaries. This is the longest r. in Vt., and has several sets of falls, which afford the Imest water power ; and it is navigable for sloops, 7 ms. to Vergennes. Lake Champlain has some good harbors in this county, and affords great C(jinmercial advantages. A quarry of beautiful white statuary marble is found at Middlebury, and is extensively wrought. Capital, Middlebury. There were in 1840, neat cattle 39,718, sheep 261,010, swine 14,305; wheat 31,322 bush, produced, rye 11,427, Ind. corn 95,304, buckwheat 7,219, barley 255, oats 141,794, potatoes 440,079, silk cocoons 299 pounds, sugar 132,013; 70 stores, cap. $347,600 ; 2 lumberyards, cap. $18,000 i 1 furnace, 8 ibrges, 20 fulling m., 7 AGA 22 ALA woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 3,860 sp., 22 tanneries, 3 potteries, 1 glass lac, 17 grist m., 63 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 paper f'ao., 3 printing offices, 2 binderies, 1 perioJicaf, 3 weekly newspapers. Cap. in man nfai-. $37,37.5. 1 college, 62 students, 5 aoad. 131 students, 177 sch. 6,44'J scholars. Pop. 23.383. Addiso.v, p-t., Washington co.. Me., (p-o. Addi son Point,) 138 nis. e. by n. Augusta, 720 W Con- tains 3 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,350. 6 sch. 450 scholars. Pop. 1,053. Addiso.n, p-t., Addi.>*on co., Vt., 12 w. n. w. Middlebury, 72 s. w. Montpelier, 483 W., situated on Lake Champlain, oppossite Crown Point, N. Y. The lake is here 3 mile.s broad. Settled in 1770. Otter cr. passes into the town, and Mill and Pike, small rs., enter into Lake Champlain. The surtaro is level and the soil good. It has 2 stores, cap. $7,000; 1 fulling m., 1 grist m., 1 saw m. ; 10 sch. 260 scholars. Pop. 1,232. Addison, p-t., Steuben co., N. Y., 18 s. Bath. 227 w. by s. Albany, 2'J2 W. It is watered by Canisteo and Tuscarora crs., the fonner of whit'li is navigable for boats. The land is broken, and tlie soil is poor. It furni.she.s sandstone, which is manufactured into grindstones. It has 2 saw m., 1 fulling m., 2 stores, cap. $13,000 ; a printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $14,490. 1 acad. 120 students, 10 sch. 463 scho- lars. Pop. 1,920. AuDisoN, p-t., Somerset co.. Pa., on the Youghi- ogheny r., 153 s. w. Harrisburg, 170 W. 10 stores, cap. $29,000 ; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 1 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,500. 2 schools, 30 scholars. Pop. 1,301. Addiso.\, p-t., Gallia co., O., 107 s. by e. Co- lumbus, 354 W. It lies on the Ohio r. a few miles above Gallipolis. It has 3 tanneries, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,425. Pop. 692. Addison, t., Oakland co., Mich., has 1 store, cap. $6000 ; 1 (louring m., 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,0t)0. 5 sch. 125 scholars. Pop. 537. Adelphia, p-v., Ross CO., O., 67 s. w. Colum- bus, 412 W: in Colraine township, n. e. corner of the CO., on the n. fork of Salt cr. It contains 3 stores and about 30 dwellings. Adirondack Mountains, a name recently given to a cluster of mountains in the state of New York, s. w. of Lake Champlain. These mountains are little inferior in height to the Wliite Mountains in N. H. (See New \ ork, stale of.) Adrian, p-t., capital of Lenawee co., Mich., opposite the junction of Beaver creek with the liaisin r. 67 Detroit, 501 W. It has 3 churches, I Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 ftleihodist, the two former of wliich are elegant buildings. It is one of the most flourishing towns in the state, and has 27 stores, cap. $1 16,800 ; 3 grist m., 6 .saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers ; 16 schools, 671 scholars. Pop. 2,496. A railroad be- tween tlus place and Toledo was opened in 1836. Adriance, p-o., Dutchess co., N. Y., 98 s. Al- bany, 358 W. It is in the town of Fislikill, and settlement of Hopewell. Agamenticijs 3Iountain, in Y'ork co.. Me., 4 miles from the ocean, 673 feet above tide water, a famous landmark for seamen. AgawaiM,p-v., West Springfield t., Hampden CO., Mass., 98 w. Boston, 358 W. Situated on the w. side of the Connecticut, just below the entrance of Westfield r. It has 2 churches, 1 Baptist and 1 Congregational, several stores, man- ufactories, and dwellings. Agnews Mills, p-o., Venango co., Pa., 220 n. w Harrisburg, 274 W. Ai, p-o.. Grant co., la., 60 n. by e. Indianapolis, 568 W. Aiken, p-v., Barnwell dist., S. C, 77 s. by w. Columbia, 590 W. AischUaM CO., Mich., in the N. western part of the .state, contains 576 square miles, drained by the iVotipckago and branches of the Manistee rivers : (unorganized.) Aid, t, Lawrence co., O., 15 Burlington, the county seat. Watered by the liranches of Symmes cr. It has 3 schools and 78 scholars. Pop. 609. Air, t., Bedford co., Pa. The surface is moun- tainous with fertile valleys, drained by Big Cove cr. It contains 1 store, cap. $l,tXK); 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,785. Pop. 1,453. Air Mount, p-o., Clarke co., Ala., 118 s. Tus- caloosa, 930 W. Airy Grove, p-v., Lenoir co.j N. C, 88 w. Raleigh, 310 W. Akron, p-v., Erie co., N. Y'"., 268 w. Albany, 388 W. It is situated on Muddy cr., and con- tains 2 churches, 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 clotliiers' works, and 50 dwellings. Pop. about 3'X). Akron, p-v.. Portage t., capital of Summit co., O., at the junction of the Ohio and Erie and the Ohio and Pennsylvania canals, 38 s. Cleveland, 116 w. Pittsburg, 123 n. e. Columbus, 3.'1 W. By a succession of locks at Akron, the Ohio and Erie canal rises suddenly to the Portage summit, and presents many picturesque views. The Little Cu- yahoga r. and the waste water of the canal afford extensive water power; and so gi-eat is the de- scent, that it is used several times over. By means of another canal, the water of the Great Cuya- hoga r. is brought along a ridge of high land in the north part of Akron, by wliich a great water power is produced. Akron is a place of great activity in business, and has an extensive trade. It contains a court house and jail of stone, 5 churches, 1 Baptist, 1 Episcopal, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Methodist, and 1 Universalist. It has 4 com- mission houses, cap. $4,500; 30 retail stores, cap. $61,850; 4 furnaces, 4 fulling m., 5 wool- len factories, 1 powder m., 4 flouring m., 1 grist m., 1 oil m., 2 printing offices, and 3 weekly newspapers. Capital in manufactures $153,750. The village of Akron has 1 academy, 9 students, 6 schools, 269 scholars. Pop. 1,665 ; Portage t. exclusive of Akron, 718. Alabama River, is formed by the junction of the Coosa and the Tallapoosa, and flowing s. s. w. it unites with the Tombigbee, 48 ms. above Mobile Bay, and after the junction, has the name of Mobile r. From the junction, 60 miles to Clai- borne, it is navigable at all seasons, for vessels requiring 6 Ibet of water. From Claiborne, 1.50 ms., to the mouth of the Cahawba, the river has 4 or 5 feet of water. From the mouth of the Ca- hawba to the junction of the Coosa and Talla- poosa, its head branches, the river affords, in all places, 3 feet of water. The river is subject to great changes by rising and falling. ALABAMA. Alabama, one of the southern United States, is bounded on the n. by Tennessee ; E. by Georgia; 8 by Florida, and the Gulf of Mexico; and w. by Mississippi. It is between 30° 10' and 35° n. ]at., and between 85° and 88° 30^ w. Ion., and between 8° and 11° 30' w. Ion. from W. It is 317 vailes long ftom n. to s., and 174 broad from E. to w. It contains 46,000 sq. miles, or 28,160,000 ALA 23 ALA acres. The ' population in 1810 was less than 10,000; in 18)6, 2'.),6S3; in 1818, 70,544; in 1820, 127,901; in 1827, 244,041; in 1830, 3)8,997; in 1840. 59i),75r), of whom 253,532 were slaves. Free white males, 176,692 ; do. females, 153,493 ; free colored males, 1,030 ; do. females, 1,009. Employed in agriculture, 177,439; in commerce, 2,212; in manufactures and trades, 7,195; navigating the ocean, 256 ; do. canals, rivers, &c., 753 ; mining, 96 ; learned professions, 1,514. It is divided into 49 counties, which, with their population in 1840, and their capitals, were as follows : Northern District. — Bento.v, 14,260, Jacksonville ; Blount, 5,570, Blountsville ; Cherokeb;, 8,773, Jeffer- son; De Kalb, 5,929, Lebanon; Favette, 6,942, Fayette c. h. ; Franklin, 14,270, Russellville ; Jackso.n, 15,715, Bellefonte ; Lauderdale, 14,485, Florence ; Lawrence, 13,313, Moulton ; Lime- stone, 14,374, Athens ; Madison, 25,706, Huntsville ; Marion, 5,847, Pikeville ; Marshall, 7,553, Warrenton; 3Iorgan, 9,841, Somerville; Randolph, 4,973, McDonald; St. Clair, 5,633, Ashville; Talladega, 12,537, Talladega. — Southern District. — Autauga, 14,342, Kingston ; Baldwin, 2,951; Blakeley; Barbour, 12,024, Clayton; Bibb, 8,284, Centreville ; Butler, 8,635, Greenville; Chambers, 17,333, Lafayette; Clarke, 8,640, Macon; Conecuh, 8,197, Sparta; Coosa, 6,995, Rockford; Covington, 2,425, Montezuma; Dale, 7,397, Daleville ; Dallas, 25,199, Cahawba; Greene, 24,024, Erie; Henry, 5,737, Abbeville ; Jefferson, 7,131, Elyton; Lowndes, 19,539, Haynesville ; Macon, 11,217, Tuskegee; Marengo, 17,264, Linden; Mobile, 18,741, Mobile; Monroe, 10,630, Monroeville ; Montgo.mery, 24,574, Montgomery ; Perry, 19,086, Marion ; Pick- ens, 17,118, Carrolton; Pike, 10,108, Troy; Russell, 13,513, Crocketsville; Shelby, 6,112, Co- lumbiana; Sumter, 29,937, Livingston; Tallapoosa, 6,444, Dadeville; Tuscaloosa, 16,583 Tus caloosa; Walker, 4,032, Jasper; Washington, 5,300, Barry ton; Wilco.k, 15,278, Barbom-sville. The southern part of this state which borders on the Gulf of Mexico, for the space of 50 or 60 miles, is low and level, covered with pine, Cyprus, and loblolly. In the middle it is hilly, inter- spersed with prairies ; in the north it is broken and somewhat mountainous. The soil in the southern part of the state is generally sandy and barren, but throughout a large part it is excellent. In the northern and middle sections, the natural growth is post, black and white oak, hickory, poplar, cedar, chestnut, pine, mulberry, &c. Tlie Alleghany mountains terminate in the n. e. section of this state, sinking here to elevated hills. The climate in the southern part, and in the vicinity of the bottom land on the rivers, and near the muscle shoals in the Tennessee river, is unhealthy ; but in the more elevated portions it is salubrious. The winters are mild, the streams being rarely frozen, and the heat of summer is tempered by refreshing breezes from the Gulf of Mexico. Cotton is the staple production of the state ; but Indian corn, rice, wheat, oats, &c., are produced. Iron ore is found in various parts of the state, and coal abounds on the Black Warrior and Cahawba rivers. There were in this state in 1840, 143,147 horses and mules ; 668,018, neat cattle ; 163,243 sheep ; 1,423,873 swine ; poultry to the value of $404,994. There were produced 828,052 bushels of wheat ; 7,692 of barley; 1,406,353 of oats ; 51,008 of rye; 20,947,004 Indian com; 220,353 pounds of wool; 25,226 of wax ; 1,703,356 bushels of potatoes ; 12,718 tons of hay ; 273,302 pounds of tobacco, 149,019 of rice, 117,133,823 of cotton, 1,592 of silk cocoons, 10,143 of sugar. The products of the dairy were valued at $265,200 ; and of the orchard, $55,240 ; of lumber, $169,008. There were made 177 gallons of wine. The exports of this state ui 1840, amounted to $12,854,694 ; and the imports to $574,651. There were 51 commercial and 101 commission houses engaged in foreign trade, with a capital of $3,355,012 ; 899 retail dry goods and other stores, with a capital of $5,642,835 ; 73 persons employed in the lum- ber trade, and a capital of $1,800 ; 49 persons engaged in internal transportation, who with 57 butchers, packers, &c., employed a capital of $93,370. Home-made or family manufactures amounted to $1,656,119. There were 14 cotton manufac- tories, with 1,502 spindles, employing 82 persons, producing articles to the amount of $17,547, and employing a capital of $35,575 ; 1 furnace producing 30 tons of cast iron, and 5 forges, producing 75 tons of bar iron, the whole employmg 30 persons, and a capital of $9,500 ; 31 persons manufactured hats and caps to the amount of $8,210 ; 142 tamieries employed 300 persons, and a cap. of $147,463 ; 137 manufactories of leather, as saddleries, &c., produced articles to the amount of $180,152, and employed a capital of $58,332 ; 15 persons produced confectionery to the amoimt of $13,800, with a capital of 6,120 ; 47 persons produced gold to the amount of $61,230, with a capital of $1,000 ; 4 persons produced drugs and paints to the amount of $16,600, with a capital of $16,000 ; 96 persons produced machinery to the amount of $131,825 ; 41 persons produced hardware and cutlery to the amount of $13,875; 20 persons manufactured 4 cannon, and 428 small-arms; 7 persons manufac- tured the precious metals to the amount of $1,650; 17 persons manufactured granite and marble to the amoimt of $7,311 ; 264 persons produced bricks and lime to the amount of $91,326, wdth a capi. tal of $95,370 ; 235 persons manufactured carriages and wagons to the amount of $88,891, employ- ing a capital of $49,074 ; 188 distilleries produced 127,230 gallons, and 7 breweries produced 200 gallons, employing 220 persons, and a capital of $34,212 ; 51 flouring mills produced 23,664 barrels of flour, and with other mills, employed 1,386 persons, manufacturing articles to the amount of ALA 24 ALA $1,225,425, and employing a cap. of $1,413,107; 53 persons prod, furniture to the amount of $41,671, and employed a capital of $18,430 ; 67 brick or stone houses, and 472 wooden houses employed 882 persons, and cost $739,871 ; 22 printing offices, 1 bindery, 3 daily, 1 semi-weekly, and 24 weekly newspapers, employed 105 persons, and a capital of 98, 100. The whole amount of capital employed in manufactures was $2,130,064. The Mobile is the principal river in the state. It is formed by the union of the Tombigbee and the Alabama, 40 miles above the city of Mobile. The Alabama is a large river, and is navigable for vessels drawing 6 feet of water to Claiborne, 60 miles above its junction ; 150 miles further to the month of the Cahawba, it has 4 or 5 feet of water ; and to the junction of the Coosa and Tallapoosa, of which it is formed, it has, in its shallowest places, three feet of water. The Tombigbee ii navigable for schooners 120 miles to St. Stephens, and for steamboats to Columbus, Miss. It is 450 miles long, and boatable for a greater part of its course. The Black Warrior forms a large branch of it, and is navigable to Tuscaloosa. Tlie Chatahoochee river forms a part of the eastern boundary of the Slate ; and the Tennessee runs through the northern part. Alabama has only 60 miles of sea coast. But this includes 3Iobile Bay, which is 30 miles long, and from 3 to 18 broad. Mobile, on the w. side of Mobile Bay, is the most commercial place in the state, and has an ex- tensive trade, particularly in cotton. The other principal places are St. Stephens, Tu«caloosar Cahawba, Montgomery, Wetumpka, Florence, and Huntsville. The University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa was founded in 1820, has been liberally endowed by the slate, and is a flourishing institution. La Grange College in the county of Franklin, was founded in 1830. In these institutions there were in 1840, 152 students. There were in the state, 114 academies and grammar schools, with 5,018 students; and 639 common and primary schools, with 16,243 scholars. There were 22,592 free wliite persons over 20 years of age, who could neither read nor write. In 1835 the Baptists had 250 churches, 109 ministers, and 11,445 communicants; the Methodists had 60 ministers and 13,845 communicants ; the Presbyterians had 45 churches, 29 ministers, and 2,268 commimicants. The Roman Catholics had 1 bishop and 5 ministers ; and the Episeopaliaits had 7 ministers. At the commencement of 1840, there was one bank in this state, with a capital of $3,339,739, and a circulation of $696,855. At the close of 1840, the state debt antounted to $10,859,556. The constitution of this state was formed in 1819, preparatory to its admission to the Union, in 1820. The governor is elected by the people for two years, but is eligible only 4 years in 6. The senators ere elected for 3 years, and one third are chosen every year. Their number cannot be more than one third, nor less than a fourth of the number of the representatives. The representa- tives are elected annually, and are apportioned among the counties in proportion to their white population. They cannot be more than 100 nor less than 60 in number. The representatives and one third of the senators arc elected annually, on the first Monday in August, and tb^e day following ; and the governor is elected biennially, at the same time. The legislature meets annually at Tus- caloosa, on the 4th Monday in October. The judiciary consists of a supreme court, a circuit court, and such inferior courts as the general assembly may, from time to time, direct and establish. The judges are elected every six years, by the joint vote of both houses of the general assembly. The right of suffrage is possessed by every white male citizen of 21 years of age, who has resided within the state one year next preceding an election, and the last tlu-ee months witliin the county, city, or town in wliich he offers his vote. The Muscle Shoals Canal is designed to overcome the obstruction in the Tennessee river. It extends from the head of the falls, 35J miles to Florence, and cost $571,835. But to extend the work to its completion will cost $1,361,057. The Huntsville canal extends from Triena on tlie Tennessee, 16 miles to Huntsville. The Alabama and Florida railroad extends from Pensacola, 1561 miles to ]>Iontgomery, and cost $2,500,000. The Selma and Cahawba railroad is a branch of the Alabama and Florida railroad, extendmg from Selma 10 miles to Cahawba. The Montgomery and Wcstpohit railroad extends from Montgomery, the northern termination of the Pensacola and Montgomery railroad to Westpoint, at the head of the rapids of the Chattahoochee river, 30 miles above Columbus. It is 87 miles long. The Tuscumbia, Cortland, and Decatur rail- road extends from Tuscumbia 44 miles to Decatur. The Wetumpka railroad extends 10 miles, and is designed to connect, when completed, the Tennessee and Alabama rivers, at Wetumpka. The French formed a small settlement, and built a fort where the city of Mobile now stand.s, early in the 1 8th century. Most of the territory of Alabama was included in the original patent of Georgia. In 1802 Georgia ceded all her territory w. of the Chattahoochee river to the United States ; and ex- tending to the Mississiijpi river, it was erected into the Mississippi territory, in 1817. It continued a part of the Missis.sippi territory until 1819, when a state constitution was formed ; and in 1820 i*. was admitted to the Union, as an independent state. ALB 25 ALB Alabama, p-t.. Genesee co., N. Y., 12 n. w. ] Batavia, 263 Albany, 33S W. It is watered by the Tonawanda creek, which in the n. w. part of the town iurnishes a feeder to the Erie canal, near vvliich the creek has falls of 3 J feet. There is an Indian reservation and settlement in the towi. It has 1 store, cap. $y,(X)0 ; 2 tanneries, 2 saw ni. Cap. in mamifac. $6,123. Pop. 1,798. The village at the p-o. has 12 or 13 houses. Alachua Sava.nna, a grassy and marshy plain in Alachua co., Florida, which is supposed to discharge its waters by an underground passage into Lake Orange. Alachua, county of e. Florida, situated on the w. part of the peninsula, and contains about 2,3U!) square miles. It embraces one of the largest tracts of good land in the ter., and has long been densely populated. It has a number of ponds and prairies, and furnishes excellent pasture for numerous herds of cattle. Suwanee river runs on its w. border, and Withlacoochee river through its s. part. Wakassassee river passes through it. Some part of the surface is rolling, but toward the coast it is flat and wet. Capital, Newmans- ville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,665, sheep 87, swine 2,441 ; Ind. corn 27,365 bu.sh. produced, potatoes 9,652, sugar 2,000 lbs. Pop. whites 1,719, slaves 552 ; toUil, 2,282. Alamo, t., Kalamazoo co., Mich. I saw m., 1 sch. 23 scholars. Pop. 194. Alamutcha, p-o., Lauderdale co., Miss. Alapaha, p-o., Lowndes co., Ga., 262 s. Mel- ledge ville, 861 W. Alapapaha, a river of Geo., which flows into the Suwanee, and is about 100 miles in length. Alaoua, a river of Florida, falls into Choc- tavvhatchee Bay, and is navigable 15 miles, for vessels requiring 5 feet of water. Alaqua, v., Walton co., Flor., 161 n. of w. from Tallahassee. It is situated on Alaqua river. Pop. 221. Alatamaha or Altamaha, a navigable river of Georgia, formed by the union of the Ockmul- gee and the Oconee. After the junction, the Alatamaha becomes a large river, flowing with a gentle current through forests and plains, up- wards of 100 miles, and enters by several outlets into Alatamaha sound, 6J s. w. Savannah, through which it passes into the Atlantic. This sound contains a number of beautiful islands. The Alatamaha is navigable on the Oconee branch, 300 ms. from the ocean, for boats of 30 Ions, and 'or steamboats to Milledgeville ; and to an equal dis- tance on the Ockmulgee branch. The bar at the mouth has 14 feet, at low water. The whole length of the river to its source, is about 500 miles. Alb.a, p-v., Bradford co.. Pa., 143 n. by E. Har- risburgh, 250 W. Albany, t., Bradford co.. Pa., the surface is hillj' soil gravelly loam. Drained by Towanda cr. and the w. branch of Mahoopeny cr. It con- tains 1 store, cap. $2,500 ; 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,050. Albaw, p-t., Oxford co.. Me., 18 n. w. Paris, 62 w. Augusta, 597 W. It has 1 store, cap. $ 1 ,000 ; 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,400. 7 sch. 275 scholars. Pop. 691. Albany, t., Strafford co., N. H., 6 n. by e. Concord. The surface is uneven and rough, but the soil is a fertile sandy loam, mixed with gravel. Watered by Swift r. and other streams, which af- ford water power. Chartered in 1766. It con- tains 5 sch. 153 scholars. Pop. 406. Albany, p-t., Orleans co., Vt., 9 s. Irasburgh, 39 N. Montpelier, 555 W. It was granted in 1781 by the name of Lutterloh, and received its present name in 1815. It is watered by Black river and its branches, and has a number of ponds. It has 1 store, cap. S3,000 dollars ; 1 ful- ling m., 1 tannery^, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. S3, i 50. 10 .sch. 356 scholars. Pop. 920. Albany county, N. Y., is situated 150 n. of the city of New \ ork. It was organized in 1633. It lies on the w. side of Hudson r. The surface is uneven, and in the s. w. part hilly and momi- tainous. On the river the soil is good, and well cultivated, but in the inlerior it is sandy and un- productive. Among its mineral productions are bog iron ore, and water limestone. There are also several mineral springs. Besides the Mo- hawk, on its N., and the Hudson on its e. bound- ary, its streams are Normanskill, Vlamanskill, Haivankrauskill and Coeymau's cr., which enter the Hudson, and some other.-*. It has an area of 515 sq. miles. The Erie and Champlain canals form a junction in the n. e. part of this county. Capital, Albany. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 25,784, sheep 57,473, swine 49,068; wheat 21,008 bushels produced, rye 145,941, Ind. corn 127,162, buckwheat 103,332", bariey 135,902, oats 653,794, potatoes 340,582, sugar -.^4,366 pounds ; 47 commission houses, cap. 865J,000; 1,166 stores, capital $1,244,903; 27 lumber yards, cap. $464,000; 1 furnace, 11 fulling m., 8 woollen lac. 2 cotton fac. 5, 160 sp., 20 tanneries, 8 breweries, 4 potteries, 6 flouring m., 22 gri.vt m., 84 saw m., 1 paper factory, 11 priming oftices, 5 binderies, 1 periodical, 3 daily, 5 weekly, 2 semi- weekly news- papers. Cap in manuiic. $2,712,825. 3 acad. 46 J students, 1J9 sch. 9,319 scholars. Pop. 1830, 53,55J; 1840,68,3,(3. Albany city, N. Y., the capital of the state, is situated on the Hudson r., U5 miles, by the course of the river, above the city of iXew i'ork, in 42^ 3J' 3" N. la ., and 73° 3y w. Ion., and 3° 12' E. long, from W. 164 w. by n. Bo.iLon. 230 s. 31ontreal, 370 W. The population, in 1810, was 9,356 ; in 1820, 12,63U ; in 1830, ^4,233 ; in 1840, 33,721. Employed in agriculture 144; manufactures and trades 1,621 ; navigaiing the ocean 8 ; do. rivers and canals i06 ; in the learned professions 237. The ground on which Albany is built has a flat alluvial tract along the margin of the river, from 15 to 100 rods wide, back of which it rises abruptly, and in half a mile in the direc- tion of Siat^-street, attains an elevation of 153 feet ; and in 1 mile of 220 feet, above the level of the river. Beyond this, the surface is level. The older parts of the city were not laid out with nmch regularity, and some of the streets are nar- row, but the pans more recently laid out, have spacious and regular streets. State-street, one of the early streets, from the meeting of Court and Market streets, is from 150 to 170 feet wide, and has a steep ascent, at the head of which the capitol, which fronts it, has a commanding posi- tion. lAIany of the private, and more especially the public buildings of Albany, have fine situa- tions, and overlook an extensive and a beautiful prospect. The capitol is a large stone edifice 115 feet long and 90 feet broad, fronting e. on a fine square, at the head of State-street. It contains spacious and richly furnished apartments for the accommodation of the Senate and Assembly, and various rooms for other public purposes. The City Hall is on the e. side of the same square, facing w., and is a large marble builduig, with a gilded dome. The State Hall, for the public offices, is a corresponding building on the same side of the same square, and is a splendid edi- fice. The Albany Academy is a fine building of freestone, and has a park in front of it, ad- joining the public square ; and both squares are ALB 26 ALB surrounded by un iron ience, and in fact, consti- tute one large and bcauliiul public ground, divid- ed by a street, laid out wilii walks, and orna- mented with trees. Tlie other public buildings are a Medical College, a Female Academy, the Albany Exchange, a large building of granite at the foot of Suite-street, and the county jail. The Albany Academy, in lis course of instruc- tion, approaches to a college, and ha.s 4lX) stu- dents, and rmiiient instructors. The Albany female Academy has obtained an extensive and a deserved celebrity, and has from 3:)0 to 350 pupils. The Albany library contains 9,000 vol- umes. The Yoimg Men"s A-^sociation, establish- ed for mutual improvement, occupies rooms in the exciiange building, and has 1,5)0 members. It has a fine reading room, liberally furnished, has a library of 3,'iOO volumes, and supports, through tiie winter season, an able course of lec- tures. The Albany Orphan Asylum is situated one mile w. of the city hall, and generally sup- ports 80 or 90 male and female children. The poorhouse, in the s. w. part of the city, has a number of large buildings, and a farm of 150 acres, cultivated by its inmates. St. Joseph's Orplian Asylum is a Roman Catholic institution, for females only, and has about 40 inmates, un- der the charge of the Sisters of Charity. Albany has about 1(X) streets and alleys built on, 11 public squares, 3 markets, 10 public school buildings, containing also dwellings for the teach- ers, and 11 engine houses, all built substantially of brick. The city contains 30 places of worship, of which the Presbyterians have 4, the Associate Reformed 1, the Dutch Reformed 3, the Methodists 4, the African Methodist 1, the Episcopalians 3, the Baptists 2, the colored Baptists 1, the Lu- therans 2, the Universalists 1, and the Roman Catholics 2. Tliere are 1 Independent church, 1 Mission church, 1 Bethel church, 1 Friends' meeting-house, and 2 Jewish synagogues. The old state hall on the s. side of State-street, is now converted into a museimi, for the recep- tion of the geological cabinet, collected by the state geologists in their surveys. The Albany Institute is a respectable scientific association, which has a valuable library and cabinet. The situation of Albany for trade and com- merce, is commanding. Being on one of the finest rivers in the United States, and having a rich back country, its natural advantages are great ; but these advantages have been vastly in- creased by the Erie and the Champlain canals, which give it a ready access to a widely extend- ed coimtry to the n. and w. ; and its connection to Boston by railroad, will add to these advan- tages. The Mohawk and Hudson railroad termi- nates here, and comiccts with other lines to the west. The Erie canal, comprising also the Cliamplain canal, enters the city in its n. part, and flows into a spacious basin, formed by a pier built in the river, a mile and a quarter long, which produces a safe harbor, not only for boats, but also for vessels, to defend them against the ice in the spring floods. These advantages have been improved. There are in the city 53 com- mission houses, 35 importers, 137 wholesale houses, 440 retail stores, and G12 grocery and provision stores. There are 8 banks, with an aggregate cap. of $2,751,0(X) ; 4 insm-ance compa- nies, with a total cap. of $7(X),000. The manufactures of Albany are not less flourishing than its commerce. There are 15 manufactories of carriages, some of iliem very extensive ; 20 of hats and caps, producing articles lo the amount of $900,000 annually ; 1 of tobac- co, 2 of morocco leather. 5 rope-walks, 15 of soap and candles, 5 of musical instruments, 2 of combs, 20 of copper, tin, and sheet iron ; and a great many others. There are 2 type foundries, 1 ste- reotype, 2 manufactories of oil cloth, 8 of stoves, 4 of carpets, &(;. 'ITiere are 10 furnaces, 3 steam sawing and planing machnies, 4 plane manufac- tories, 1 manufactory ofphilosophica! uisiruments, and 1 of coach lace. Tliere are 3 malting houses and 9 breweries. According to the late census there were in AUwmy in 1840, 47 commission houses engaged in foreign trade, with a cap. of 30.50,000 ; 976 retail drygoods and other stores', with a cap. of $975,000. I'he total cap. employed in manufactures was $l,735,5lX). In 1840, 20 steamboats and 51 towboats regularly plied be- tween Albany and JNew York, and the interme- diate places on the river. A large number of sloops also navigate the river. It is estimated that over 1,000 persons arrive at, and depart from Albany, daily, by its various lines of com- munication. Albany was founded by the Dutch in 1623, and by them called " Beaver Wyck," and after- ward " Williamstadt." It capitulated to the Eng- lish in 1664, who gave it its present name, in honor of the Duke of York and Albany, its pro- prietor. It was incorporated in 1686. Albanv, t., Berks co.. Pa. The surface is hilly; soil gravelly and poor. It has 1 Presbyterian and 1 Lutheran church, and several forges. Drained by Maiden cr. and its tributaries. It has 1 tannery, 6 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $3,000. Pop. 1,057. Albanv, p-v., capital of Clinton co., Ky., 8 N. Tenn. line, 126 Frankfort, 620 W. Situated on Spring cr., a tributary of the Cumberland r. Albany, p-v., Henry co., Term., 106 w. Nash- ville, 792 W. Albany, p-v., Whitesides co.. 111., 177 n. by w. Springfield, 873 W. Situated on the E. side of the Mississippi r. Albany, p-v.. Baker cc, Ga., 128 s. s. w. Mil- ledgeville, 785 W. Situated w. side of Flint r. Albemarle Sound, a large inlet from the sea, in the n. e. part of IN. Carolina. It extends 60 ms. from e. to w., and is from 4 to 15 ms. wide It receives the Chowan, Roanoke, and several smaller rs. It communicates with Pamlico sound and the ocean, by several narrow inlets ; and with Chesapeake Bay by a canal lluough the Dismal Swamp. Albe.marle, county, Va., one of the central counties of the state. It has the Blue Ridge on the N. w., and James r. on the s., and contains an area of 700 sq. ms. Its streams consist chiefly of the head waters of the Rivaima r. The surface oftliis county is diversified, and its soil various. Capital, Charlottesville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 14,819, sheeu 20,512, swine 34,606 ; wheat 326,986 bush, produced, rye 117,369, Ind. com 711,516, oats 216,382, potatoes 28,539, tobacco 2,409,598 pounds; 74 stores, cap. $302,300; 1 cotton fac. ],5iK) sp., 13 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 15 flouring m., 51 grist m., 46 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 wceklv newspapers, 2 periodicals. Cap. in manufac. $260,885. 1 college, 247 students, 18 acad. 400 students, 21com. sch. 386 scholars. Pop. 1830, 22,618; 1840, whites 10,512, slaves 13,809; total, 22,924. Albemarle, p-o., Stanley co., N. C, 146 Ra- leigh, 383 W. Albertson's, p-o., Duplin co., N. C, 79 Ra- leigh, 309 W. Albion, p-t., Kennebec co.. Me., 26 n. e. Au- gusta, 44 s. w. Bangor, 621 W. It has 4 stores, cap. $2,400 ; 1 taimery, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. ALE 27 ALE in manufac. $7,250 9 sch. 692 scholars. Pop. 1,624. Albion, p-v., and capital Orleans co., N. Y., 250 w, by N. Albany, 3i)2 W. Situated in Barre t., and on the Erie canal. It contains a court house, jail, clerk's office, 2 banks, 3 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, 1 Presbyterian — an acade- my, a female seminary, 13 stores, 7 warehouses, and 1 flouring m., 20U dwellings, and about 1,400 inhabitants: Albio.v, t., Oswego co., N. Y., 25 e. Oswego, 147 w. N. w. Albany. The suriace is undula- ting, and the soil good. Watered by Salmon r. on the N., and Salmon cr. on the s. It contains 3 stores, cap. $3,900 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 18 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,200. It has 16 sch. 361 scholars. Pop. l,5iJ3. Albio.\, t.,Calhoimco., Mich. The Kalamazoo r. passes through it. It has 4 stores, cap. $i9,000 ; 2 distilleries, 2 Houring m., 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $42,63L). 8 sch. 201 scholars. Pop. 93i. Aluion, p-v., Albion t., C'alhoun co., Mich., 92 Detroit, 564 W. It is on the right bank of Kala- mazoo r., and contains 80 dwellings, 1 saw m., 1 flouring m., and 3 stores. Albion, p-v., Fairlield dist., S. C, 34 Colum- bia, 475 W. Albion p-o., Wayne co., O., 112 Columbus, 363 W. Albion C. H., p-v., Edwards co.. 111., 165 Springfield, 40 s. w. Vincennes, 731 W. Establish- ed, in 1819. Settled chiefly by English emigrants. The situation is high and healthy. It coruains 3 stores, a flouring m. moved by oxen, and 40 or 50 families. It has a brick court house, 44 feet square, and 2 stories high. Albrights, p-o.. Orange co., N. C, 63 Raleigh, 297 W. Alburg, p-t., and port of entry. Grand Isle co., Vt., 83 Montpelier, 557 W. It lies in the n. w. corner of the state, and is a triangular body of land projecting from Canada into Lake Cham- plain, by which it is surrounded, excepting on the Canada side. The surface is low and level, and the soil is good, and well timbered. It has 4 stores, cap. $7,900 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2, 15 J. Pop. 1,344. Alburg Springs, p-v., Alburg t.. Grand Isle CO., Vt., 87 Montpelier, 561 W. Plere is a min- eral spring of considerable efficacy in scrofulous and other cases. Alden, p-t., Erie co., N. Y., 22 e. Buffalo, 270 Albany, 380 W. The village has 3J dwellings, and 1 Presbyterian church, and contains 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tan- nery, 3 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,500. 14 sch. 667 scholars. Pop. 1,984. Alder Branch, p-o., Bradley co., Tenn., 168 Nashville, 593 W. Alder Creek, p-o., Booneville t., Oneida co., N. Y., 107 w. N. w. Albany, 412 W. Aldie, p-o., Loudon co., Va., 139 n. Richmond. 42 W. Aledon, p-t., Ingham co., Mich., 92 w. by n. Detroit, 578 W. Pop. 221. Aleppo, t., Greene co.. Pa. Pop. 650. Ale.\andeii, p-t., Washington co.. Me., 25 n. by w. Machias, 202 e. n. e. Augusta, 788 W. It has 1 gri.st m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,420. 6 sch. 237 scholars. Pop. 513. Ale.xander, county, 111., situated in the s. part of the state, contains 375 sq. ms. It has the Ohio r. on its s. e., and the Mississippi r. on its s. w. border. The soil is fertile, and one third, at least, alluvion. The s. part is liable to be overtiowed. Watered by Cash r. and branches. Sextons and Clear creebi. Organized in 1819, Capital, Unity. There were in 1810, neat cattle 2,95 i, sheep 998, swine 10,339; wheat 3,947 bushels produced, Ind. corn 84,020, oats 11,620, potatoes 10,112; 13 stores, cap. $29,040; 1 tan- nery, 1 distillery, 10 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in maiiulac. $102,730. 8 sch. 190 scholars. Pop. 3,313. Alexander, p-t., Genesee co., N. Y., 8 s. w. Batavia, 258 w. by n. Albany, 382 W. It is crossed by the Tonawanda creek ; and has 4 stores, cap. $31,000; 4 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 4 saw in. Cap. in manufac. $34,800. 1 acad. 200 students, 14 com. sch. 516 scholars. Pop. 2,242. Alexander, p-t., Athens co., O., 78 Colum- bus, 345 W. It is one of the two townships granted to the Ohio University. It has 5 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 3 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $3,200. 5 sch. 130 scholars. Pop. 1,451. Alexandersville, p-v., Montgomery co., O., 7 belovk' Dayton, on the 3Iiann canal, 74 W. s. w. Columbus, 469 W. Alexandria, p-t., Grafton co., N. H., 34 n. w. Concord, 515 W. It has 2,000 acires of rich in- terval land on its streams, while other parts are rough. It contains 2 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 1 wol- len fac, 1 fulling m., 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,185. 14 sch. 394 scholars. Pop.1,284. Alexandria, p-t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 20 n. Watertown, 195 n. w. Albany, 447 W. To this town belong a part of the Thousand islands in the St. Lawrence r. opposite to it. The shore of the St. Lawrence is here high and picturesque. The military road from Plattsburg to Sacketts Harbor leads centrally through the town. It has several good mill streams. It contains 6 stores, cap. !S19,200 ; 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,505. 6 sch. 135 scholars. Pop. 3,475. Alexandria, p-b.. Porter t., Huntingdon co., Pa., 98 w. Harrisburg, 157 W. It contains 2 churches, 70 dwellings, 7 stores, cap. $i6,400 ; 2 tanneries, 1 brewery, 1 grist m. Cap. in manu- fac. $17,100. Pop. 575. Alexandria t., Hunterdon co., N. J., 12 n. e. Flemington. It contains 33,000 acres, and has several post villages ; 10 stores, cap. $66,000 ; 1 fulUr.g m., 3 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 1 ropewalk, 6 flouring m., 4 grisl m., 10 saw m., 3 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $139,955. 9 sch. 420 scholars. Pop. 3,420. Alexandria, p-o., St. Albans t., Liclung co., O., 40 E. by N. Columbus, 379 W. Alexandria city, seaport and capital of Alex- andria co., D. C, 43 s. s.w. Baltimore, 115 n. Richmond, 7 W. 38° 48' N. lat. 0° 3' w. Ion. W. It is finely situated on the w. side of the Potomac, which has a depth of water here sufficient for vessels of the largest class. The population in 1800 was 4,196; in 1810, 7,227; in 1820, 8,218; in 1830, 8,263 ; in 1840, 8,459. The city is consid- erably elevated, ascending gradually from the r; the streets cross each other at right angles. The public buildings are a court house, and 10 churches —2 Presbyterian, 2 Episcopal, 2 Methodist, 1 Bap- tist, 1 Friends, 1 colored Methodist, and 1 Roman Catholic. The city has considerable shipping, and exports wheat, Indian corn, and tobacco, to a considerable amount. The tonnage of the port in 1840, was 14,470. The Chesapeake and Ohio canal extends to this place, and may be expected to add to its prosperity. It has 2 banks, with an aggregate cap. of $1,000,000, and 1 fire, and 1 marine insurance co. It is governed by a mayor and a common council of 16 members. It has 8 acad. 296 students, 10 sch. 224 scholars. Alexandria, county, comprises all that part of the District of Columbia which lies w. of the Potomac, and formerly belonged to Virginia. The soil is generally thin, and the surface un,- ALL 28 ALL even. It contains about 36 sq. m. A bridfje, of over a mile in length, connects it with Washing- ton city. The laws of Virginia are in force here, unless suppr.seded hy the special enactments of the general government. There were in ]84{), neat cattle 989, sheep '203, swine 1,190; wheat 4,334 bushels produced, rye 2,798, Ind. corn ]8,8;)(), oats 9,091, potatoes 6,283; 156 stores, cap. $1,523,150, 5 tanneries, 1 pottery, 1 ropewulk, 3 grist m., 1 daily newspaper. Cap. in manutac. il5474,400. Pop. 183J, 9,608; 1840, whites 6,731, slaves 1,374, free colored 1,862 ; total, 9,967. Ale.\.\.ndkia, p-v., Campbell co., Ky., 85 Frankfort, 506 W. Ale.\ AiNDRiA, p-v., De Kalb co., Tenn.,15 s. Car- thage, 50 E. Nashville, 640 W. It is on Lickneu.'^ cr. 15 ms. Cumberland r. It has 2 stores, 2 churches — 1 Campbellitc, and 1 J>lethodist — and about 250 inhabitants. Ale.xandria, p-o., Madison co., la., 48 N. N. E. Indianapolis, 556 W. Ale.xandria, p-o., C^lark co., Mo. Alexandria, p-o., Benton co., Ala., 129 n. e. Tuscaloosa, 727 W. Alexandria, p-v., and capital of Rapides Parish, La., 291 n. w. New Orleans, 1,210 W. It is situated on Red r., a little below the lower rapids. The houses are on a single street, along the river. It has a court house, jail, and printing office. Alexandriana, p-v., Mecklenburg co., N. C, 161 s. w. by w. Raleigh, 398 W. Alford, p-t., Berkshire co., Mass., 14 s. by w. Leno.x, 24 e. Hudson, N. Y., 14 Boston, 361 W. Incorporated in 1773. It is watered by Green r. and branches, which enter the Ilousatonic. It has 1 store, cap. $2,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. ; 4 sch. 144 scliolars. Fop. 481. Alfordsville, p-v., Robeson co., N. C., 107 s. s. w. Raleigh, 395 W. Alfred, p-o., 31eigs co., O., 101 s. E. by s. Co- lumbus, 328 W. Alfred, p-t., York co.. Me., one of the shire towns of the co., 24 n. by w. York, 35 .s. w. Port- land, 78 s. w. Augusta, 517 W. Incorporated 1808. There i.s a society of Shakers in the towii. The soil is good, and well watered. It has 7 stores, cap. $14,500; 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,352. 1 acad. 35 students, 10 sch. 397 scholars. Pop. 1,408. Alfred, p-t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 12 s. e. Angelica, 2i9 w. s. w. Albany, 321 W. The N. York and t>ie railroad is to passtiiroughit. It is watered by several mill streams. It has 4 stores, cap. !#20,000 ; 1 fulling m.,2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 3 savvm. Cap. in manutac. !!i)2,4(.0. Pop. 1,630. Alga.niji, t.. Branch co., Mich., coniaitis 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 3 sch. 45 scholars. Po|). 424. Allamiichy, p-o., Warren co., N. J., 66 n. by W. Trenton, 227 W. Allatoona, p-o., Cass CO., Ga.. 130 n. w. Mil- ledg(!ville, 659 W. Allegan, county, 3Iich.,lies on the west bor- der of the state, on Lake Michigan, was organized in 1835, and contains 840 sq. ms. It is watered by the Kalamazoo, Black, and Rabbit rs. The surface is undulating. On the lake shore the soil is sandy, on the rivers a rich alluvion ; and in other parts a mi.\lure of clay and sand. I,uniber is ex- tensively manufactm-ed. Chief town, Allegan. There were 1840, neat cattle 1,511, sheep 107, swine 2.266 ; wheat 13,815 bush, produced, Ind. corn 14,735, oats 15,424, potatoes 23,792, sugar 118,845 pounds, lumber valued at 897,700; 1 fur- nace, 1 tannery, 2 llouring m., 1 grist m., 15 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21 3,375. 1 acad. 15 stu- dents, 12 sch. 305 scholars. Pop. 1,783. I Allegan, p-t., and capital of Allegan co., Mich., is situated on both sides of the Kalamazoo r., con- nected by 2 bridges, 161 w. by n. Detroit, 626 W. It is at the head of navigation, and has good water power. It has an elevated location, on a dry, sandy soil, and commands a fine pro.spect. It has 1 furnace, 1 llouring m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $89,100. 1 acad. 15 students, 3 sch. 61 scholars. Pop. 634. Alleghany, r., the principal head branch of the Ohio r., which see. Alleghany or Appallachian Mountains, constitute a range of great length, and from 50 to 200 ms. in breadth, and reach from the Cattskill mountains in the state of New York, their most elevated part, to Georgia. The course of lliis great chain is nearly parallel with the Atlantic, and about from 50 to 13) ms. distant from it; and it consists of a number of parallel ridges, denom- inated the Blue Ridge, North mountain, Jackson's mountain. Laurel moimtain, Cumberland moun- tain, &c. These mountains, for the most part, are not over 2,5iX) feet high, and they divide the wa- ters which liovv into the Atlantic on the e., from those which How into the Mississippi and the lakes to the N. and w. These ridges rarely presentnaked summits, but are generally wooded to the top ; and between the ridges are often valleys of fertile land, though the country among them is generally rocky and rough. They consist of granite, gneiss, nuca and clay slate, primitive limestone, &lc. Allegany, county, N. Y., is one of the south- ern tier of coimties, being bounded s. by Pennsyl- vaitia. It was taken from Genesee co. in 18o6. It is watered by Genesee r., wliich flows nearly through the middle of it, from s. to n., and a num- ber of smaller streams or creeks, which How into it on each side. The valley of the Genesee con- tains much excellent land, and the coimtry on each side rises, and in the e. and w. part of the co. consists of an elevated table land, from 1,500 to 2,500 feet above tide water in the Hudson r. The area of the county is about 1,185 sq. ms. The Genesee Valley canal passes through the county, from s. to N., and commences at Olean, in Catta- raugus CO., on the Alleghany r., and will Ibrm a line of communication Irom the Erie canal at Ro- chester to Pittsburg. The New York and Erie railroad vvill also pass through this county by a circuitous course, from e. to w. The soil of this county is generally fertile, but better adapted to grazing than to grain. Among the minerals are limestone and bog iron ore. The growth of lim- ber is large, consisting ol' oak, maple, beech, bass- wood, ash, elm, and white and yellow pine, and hemlock, the last 3 being found chiefly in the s. part. Capital, Angelica. There were in 1840, neat cattle 45,864, sheep 129,055, swine 30,043 ; whea; 232,471 bush, produced, buckwheat 20,068, Ind. corn 60,137, potatoes 583,945, oats 354,566; 13 stores, cap. $376,400; 24 fulUng m., 4 woollen fac, 31 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 3 llouring m., 36 grist m., 204 saw m., 1 oil m., 6 furnaces, 3 print- ing offices, 2 weekly papers. Cap. in manulac. $403,370. Pop. in 1830, 26,218; in 1840, 40,975. Alleghany, county. Pa. Tliis important coun- ty lies on the w. bonier of Pennsylvania, and con- tains the Monongahela and Alleghany rs., where they unite to form the Ohio, wliich runs 14 ms. in this county. Pittsburg, its capital, situated at the confluence of these rivers, is one of the most im- portant places of the west. The country, though liilly, is leriile, and the natural growth is dt^nse and large. The agriculture, manufactures and commerce of the county are in a very flourishing slate. There were in 1840, neat cattle 21,512, sheep 56,459, swine 34,635 ; wheat 461,167 bush. ALL 29 ALL produced, rye 58,015, buckwheat 29,894, Ind. corn 289,797, potatoes 409,210, oats 770,378. It contains 7 commer. houses, in for. tr., and 32 com. $1,241, 110; 551 stores, cap. $4,389,293; 5 fulling m., 5 woollen fac, 5 cotto[i fac, 17,270 sp., 32 tanneries, 14 dis- tilleries, 6 breweries, 17 glass houses, 1 pottery, 37 Houring m., 52 grist m., 81 saw m., 2 oil m., 28 furnaces, 18 printing offices, 4 daily and 11 weekly newspapers, 10 periodicals. Cap. in manufac. $3,554,562. It has 2 colleges, 81 students, 21 acad. 1,186 students, 202 sch. 10,281 scholars. Pop. in 1830,40,506; in 1840,81,235. Alleghany, county, Md., lies in the extreme western part of the state. The main branch of tiie Alleghany mountains passes through it, and its suriiice is extremely rough and broken, though much of the soil is fertile. It forms the dividing ridge whence the Youghiogeny proceeds n. w. into the Monongahela ; and the head branch of the Potomac proceeds s. w. toward the Atlantic. It is by this route that the Chesapeake and Ohio canal and the Baltimore and Ohio railroad are to proceed. The great national road, constructed by the general government, at a great expense, and leading into the western states, commences at Cumberland, the capital of this co. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,031, sheep 13,763, swine 11,49.); wheat 86,648 bush, produced, Ind. corn 121,747, potatoes 87,193, oats 213,581 ; 63 stores, cap. $211,400; 2 fulling ra., 2 woollen fac, 8 tan- neries, 8 distilleries, 11 flouring m., 18 grist m., 44 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 furnace, 2 printing offices, 3 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $99,410. Pop. in 1830, 10,609 ; in 1840, 15,690, of wliich812 were slaves. Alleghany county, Va., lies in the central part of the state, among the Alleghany momitains, and is drained by the head waters of James r. It con- tains an area of 521 sq. ms. Soil is rich on the streams, and on the "rich patch mountain" is highly productive, and densely populated. On the other mountains, the land is poor, and covered with ])ines. A stream issuing from a spring, after a short, tranquil course, has a fall of 18ii feet, and proceeds from cataract to cataract, until its entrance into Jackson's r. The passage of Jack- son's r. through Waite's mountain, is regarded as a curiosity. Its mountainous situation, and great elevation, give it a cooler temperature than might be expected from its latitude. Capital, Covington. There v^ere in 84 >, neat cattle 2,6i6, sheep 3,647, swine 4,578; wheat '..5,449 bush, produced, rye 9, '42, Ind. corn 7 .',8:'8, oats 53,86 .», potatoes 9,37 J, tobacco 4 . ,5 JO pounds; 5 stores, cap. $i,400; 4 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 1 pottery, 4 l^louring m., 20 grist m., 21 saw m., 1 furnace. Cap. in manu- fac. $28,890. 5 sch. 88 scholars. Pop. 183J, 2,816 ; 1840, whites 2,142, slaves 547, free col'd 60; total, 2,749. Alleghany, t., Armstrong co., Pa. The sur- face is hilly ; soil, generally lean. Drained by Kiskiminiias and Crooked crs. It contains salt works, and has 5 stores, cap. $9,600 ; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $8,3110. Pop. 1,839. Alleghany, t., Huntingdon co., Pa., surface mountainous ; soil red shale, and fertile in the val- leys. Drained principally by Beaverdain, branch of the Susquehanna r. It has 6 stores, cap. $42,000 ; 2 woollen fac, 1 Imnace, 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 20 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $ ] 4,223. Pop. 2,225. Alleghany, t., Venango co.. Pa. The .surface is hilly ; soil, gravel. Drained by Stewart's and Hickory crs. It has 3 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 2 tan- neries, 1 pottery, 3 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $8,3:J0. 4 sch. 108 scholars. Pop. 804. Alleghany, t., Somerset co., Pa. The surface is very hilly ; soil, reddish gravel. Drained by Willis's and Rush crs. It has 1 store, cap. $500 , 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 3 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,910. Pop. 633. Alleghany, t.. Potter co.. Pa. Pop. 238. Alleghany, t., Westmoreland co., Pa., on the E. bank of the Alleghany r., and has Kiskiminitas r. on the n. e. It has 5 stores, cap. $3,400 ; 6 flouring m., 5 .saw m. Cap. in manutac. $24,000. 11 sch. 343 scholars. Pop. 2,641. Alleghany, t., (and l.oretto v.) Cambria co., Pa. It has 3 stores, cap. $6,100 ; 1 tannery, 1 potte- ry, 2 grist m., 8 saw in. Cap. in manufac. $3,877. 7 sch. 256 scholars. Pop. 1,217. Alleghany, city, Ross t., Alleghany co.. Pa., (see Pittsburg.) It has 58 stores, cap. $83,400; 9 lumber yards, 3 cotton fac, 14,2'70 sp., 2 tanne- ries, 1 furnace, 1 brewery, 1 ropewalk. Cap. in manufac. $726,640. Pop. 10,089 Allemance, p-v., Guilford co . N. C, 69 w. n. w. Raleigh, 303 W. Allen, t., Noble co., la. 1 sch. 18 scholars. Pop. 179. Allen, p-t., Cumberland co.. Pa., 18 w. s. w. Harrisburg, 102 W. It has 6 stores, cap. $26,500 ; 2 fulling m. Cap. in manufac. $3, 1 75. Pop. 2, 122. Allen, t.. Dark co., O. Pop. 194. Allen, t., Northampton co.. Pa. It has 2 Lu- theran churches, and several mills, and contains 1 1 stores, cap. $47,t)00 ; 2 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 6 flouring m., 4 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac $72,000. 1 acad. 50 students, 7 sch. •.i75 scholars. Pop. 2,547. Allen, county, O., in the n. w. part of the state. It occupies the height of land between Lake Erie and the Ohio r. Waters i chiefly by Auglaize r. The county contains 554 sq. ms., and the soil is fertile. Capital, Lima. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,085, sheep 3,723, swine 18,869; wheat 6J,521 bush, produced, rye 3,204, Ind. corn 168,545, oats 53,272, potatoes 63, 119, sugar 106,744 pounds ; 19 stores, cap. i;0,530 ; 4 tanneries, '.i dis- tilleries, 7 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $19,565. 19 sch. 418 scholars. Pop. 9,079. Alle,^, county, la., in the n. e. part of the state. It was organized in 18.:4, and contams 65J sq. ms. The surface is level, the soil is fertile, and the country is well timbered. Some wet prairies abound with grass, which forms a kind of winter pasture for cattle, and a partial substitute for hay. St. Joseph's r. from the n. and St. Mary's from the s. unite at Fort Wayne, and form the Maumee r., which proceeds eastwardly to Lake Erie. The Wabash and Erie canal, connecting Lake Erie at Toledo, with the Ohio at Evansville, passes through this county. Capital, Fort Wayne. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,654, sheep 924, swine 8,524; wheat 34,8i9 bush, produced, Ind. corn 84,275, potatoes 34,056, sugar 24,865 pounds ; 5 for. com. houses, cap. $16,000; 36 stores, cap. $180,200; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 brewery, 1 pottery, 3 flour- ing m., 2 grist m., 14 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $67,300. 32 sch. 920 scholars. Pop. 5,942. Allen, comity, on the s. border of Ky., has a level surface, and a soil moderately good. The Big Barren r., a branch of Green r., runs on its eastern and nortl^rn border, by the branches of which it is watered. Capital, Scottsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,051, sheep 1 1,419, swine 28,165; wheat 47,157 bush, produced, Ind. corn 312,665, oats 103,418, potatoes 16,117, tobacco 51)8,870 pound.s, cotton 17,869, sugar 35,113; 11 stores, cap. $19,800; 2 tanneries, 49 distilleries, 6 flouring m., 3 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $8,850. 5 sch. 104 scholars. Pop. whites 6,375, slaves 935, free col'd 19 ; total, 7,339. ALM 30 ALT Allen, t., Hillsdale co., Mich., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,00(). 3 sell. 'J6 scholars. Pop. 466. Allen Centre, p-c, in Allen t., Allcphany CO., N. Y. The lown i.« 7 n. Angelica, "268 w. by s. Albany, 341 W. The surface is unilulaiinfj, and the soil clay and sandy loam. It has 1 store, cap. $2.5U0 ; 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,000. Pop. 867. Allen's, p-o., Miami co., O., 62 w. Columbus, 456 W. Allen's Bridge, p-c, Marlborough dist.,S.C., 148 N. E. Columbus, 437 W. Allen's Ferry, p-o.. Cannon co., Tenn., 67 s. E. by E. Nashville, 614 W. Allen's Fresh, p-o., Charles co., Md., 81 s. s. \v. Annapolis, 41 W. Allen's Hill, p-o., Richmond t., Ontario co., N. Y., 217 w. Albany, 354 W. It has a church, 2 stores, 12 dwellings. Allen's Settle.ment, p-o., Claiborne par., La., 3% N. w. N. Orleans, 1,266 W. Allen's Station, p-o., Hawkins co., Tenn., 246 Nashville, 456 W. Allenstown, p-t., Merrimac co., N. H., 10 s E. Concord, 480 W. It is on the Suncook r., soil moderately good, with growth of oak and pine timber. Incorporated 1831 ; 4 sch. 106 scholars. Pop. 445. Allensville, p-o., Mifflen co.. Pa., 76 n. w. Harrisburg, 157 W. Allensville, p-o., Jackson co., O., 72 s. by e. Columbus, 373 W. Allensville, p-o., Todd co., Ky., 186 s. w. Frankfort, 710 W. Allensville, p-o., Switzerland co., la., 102 s. s. E. Indianapolis, 534 W. Allensville, p-o., Forsyth co., Ga., 115 n. n. w. Milledgeville, 647 W. Allentown, p-v., Wilcox CO., Ala., Ills. Tus- caloosa, 903 W. Allentown, p-v., in Upper Freehold t., Mon- mouth CO., N. J., 12 E. by n. Trenton, 178 VV. It has 1 Presbyterian and 1 Metliodist church, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., a cotton fac, and some good frame and brick houses. The village is pleasant, but the land around is not very good. Allentown, p-b., (called also Northampton,) cap)ital of Leliigh co.. Pa., 87 e. n. e. Harrisburg, 180 W. It contains 15 stores, cap. $231,600 ; 2 tanneries, 1 pottery, 4 printing oflices, 4 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $55,410. 1 acad. 30 students, 7 sch. 425 scholars. Pop. 2,493. Alligator, p-o., ("olumbia co., Flor., 110 s. e. by E. Tallahassee, 851 W. Allinsonville, p-o., Marion co., la., 19 n. by E. Indianapolis, 571 W. Allison, t., Clinton co.. Pa., has 6 stores, cap. $27,500; 1 tannery, 1 brewery, 2 printing oflices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $4,835. 1 sch. 70 scholars. Pop. 643. Alloway, p-v., Lyons t^ Wayne co., N. Y., 183 w. N. w. Albany, 354 W. It is on the e. side of Canaudaigua outlet, 3 ms. s. of the village of Lyons. It has 1 church, 2 stores, 2 flouring m., 2 saw m., 2 distilleries, 2 clolh-dressing works, and 40 dwellings. Pop. 300. Alloway's Crekk, Salem co., N. J., rises in this CO., and falls into llie Delaware r. 6 ms. s. of Salem. It is 20 ms. long, and navigable 12 ms. for wood boats. Allowaystown, p-v., Salem co., N. J., 60 s. 6. w. Trenton, 171 W. It contains 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist church, 4 or 5 stores, and 70 or 80 dwellings. Two large saw m. are chiefly em- ployed in cutting ship timber. Almirante, p-o., Walton co., Flor., 132 w. Tallahassee. , Almond, p-t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 14 e. An- gelica, 240 w. by s. Albany. The surface is un- even, and the soil generally a fertile clay loam. Watered by Canisteo r. The v. has 1 Presbyte- rian and TBaptist church, 60 dwellings, and 400 inhabitants. In the t. are 4 stores, cap. $24,000; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 furnace. Cap. in manufac. $4,000. It has 12 sch. 565 scholars. Pop. 1,434. Alna, p-t., Lincoln co.. Me., 10 n. Wiscasset, 20 s. by E. Augusta, 598 W. It was incorporated in 1794, with "the name of New Milford. The Slieepscot r. passes through it. It has 6 stores, cap. $5,80i) ; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,250. Pop. 990. Alps, p-v., Nassau t., Rensselaer co., N. Y., 24 E. by s. Albany, 384 W. It contains 1 store and 30 dwellings. Pop. 200. Alquina. p-o., Fayette co., la., 65 e. s. e. Indian- apolis, 521 W. Alsace, t., Berks co.. Pa. Situated on the e. side of Schuylkill r. The surface is mountain- ous, and the soil calcareous and productive. Wa- tered by Roush's cr., which afTords water power. There are 2 churches, common to the Lutherans and Presbyterians. It has 2 fulling m., 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Pop. 2,498. Alstead, p-t., ('heshire co., N. H., 14 x. Keene, 66 w. by s. Concord, 450 W. It is watered by Cold r. and the branches of Ashuelot r. It was chartered in 1763 under the name of Newton. It has a good soil, which is well cultivated. It has 4 stores, cap. $12,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $51,060. 2 acad. 59 students, 14 sch. 454 scholars. Pop. 1,454. Althea, p-o., Morgan co., EL, 45 w. by s. Springfield, 825 W. Alton, p-t, Belknap co., N. H., 28 n. e. Con- cord, 25 N. w. Dover, 509 W. It lies on Lake Winnepisiogee, a bay of v\hi('h extends 1,800 rods into the town, and receives Merryineeiing r. The soil is imeven and rough, but productive ; and the natural growth is oak, beech, maple, and pine. It was settled in 1770, and incorporated in 1796, originally called New Durham Gore. It contains 7 stores, cap. $9,300 ; 1 grist m., 25 sch. 798 scho- lars. Pop. 2,002. Alton, p-v., Sodus t., Wayne co., N. Y., 219 N. w. Albany, 367 W. It is on the ridge road, 13 N. w. Lyons. It has 1 store, 3 saw m., and 25 dwellings. Pop. 150. Alton, p-o., Franklin co., O., 9 n. Columbus, 402 W. Alton, p-o.. Dearborn co., la., 89 s. e. Indian- apohs, 540 W. Alton, p-t. and city, Madison co., 111., 82 w. by s. Springfield, 808 W., is situated on the e. hank of the Mississippi, 2i ms. above the mouth of the Missouri, 18 ms. below the mouth of the Illmois. In commercial advantages it is second to no tovMi in the state. It has the best landing for steamboats on the e. bank of the Mississippi A flat rock, level with the surface of the ground, forms an excellerit natural wharf. The finest timber surrounds it for several miles, which will furnish a vast amount of lumber. Bituminous coal exists in great abundance, near the town. Limestone, freestone, and water limestone, exist in abundance. The corporate bounds of the city- extend 2 miles along the river, and half a mile back. There are 5 squares reserved for public purposes, and a large reservation at the landing place. Market-street is 150 feel wide, and other streets from 60 to 180 feet, regularly laid out. There are 6 churches, several of which are large and handsome. The Baptists, Presbyteri- A ME 31 AMH ans, Methodists, Protestant Methodistp, Episcopa- lians, Unitarians, and German Evangelical churcli, have each a place of worship. 'J'here is a bank, an insurance offico, a Lyceum, and a mechanics' association. Depositories of the bible, tract, tem- perance and Sunday school societies are kept in a larpje building, erected for the purpose. 7 or 8 steamboats are owned liere. The growth of this place has been exceedingly rapid. There were m 1840, 4 for. com. houses, cap. !*C22,000 ; 38 stores, cap. $319,8'J0; 1 brewery, 1 flouring m., 3 saw m., 3 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers, and 1 periocfical. Cap. in manufac. $89,175. 8 sch. 253 scholars. Pop. -1,343. Alton Hill, p-o., Smjth co., Tenn. Alum Ba.nk, p o., Bedford co., Pa., 117 w. s. w. llarrisburg, 143 W. Alum Creek, p-o., Delaware co., O., 31 Co- lumbus, 401 W. Amag.vnsett, p-v., East Hampton t., SufTolk CO., N. Y., near the e. extremity of Long Island. Contains 35 dwellings. Am.\n»a, p-o., Greenup co., Ky., 156 e. n. e. Frankfort, 419 W. A.MAiVDA, t., Hancock co., O., drained by the head waters of Blanchard's fork of the Auglaize r. It has 3 sch. 15S scholars. Pop. 490. Amanda, p-t., Fairfield co., O., 12 e. Circleville, 33 s. s. E. Columbus, 343 W. It is watered by Clear cr., and has a good soil. Pop. 1.937. Amanda, t., Allen co., O., is a good township of land. The Auglaize r. passes centrally through it. Contauis 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 280. Amandaville, p-o., Elbert co., Ga., 108 n. by E. Milledgeville, 532 W. Amazon, p-o., Boone co., HI., 242 n. by e. Springfield, 7-i4 W. Amber, p-v., Otisco t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 142 w. n. w. Albany, 336 W. Situated near Otis- co lake, containing 1 church, 2 stores, and 15 dwellings. Pop. 100. Amboy, p-t., 0.swego CO., N. Y., 80 e. Oswego, 137 Albany, 3S6 W. The surface is level, and the soil a rich loam, well adapted both to grain and grazing. It is watered by Salmon and Scriba ers. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,600; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. m manufac. $7,300. 11 sch. 331 scholars. Pop. 1,070. Amboy, p-o., Ashtabula co., O., 217 n. e. Co- lumbus, 344 W. Amboy, p-o., Lapier co., Mich., 49 n. by w. Detroit, 574 W. Amboy Perth, city, N.J. (See Perth Amboy.) Amboy, t., Lucas co., O. It has 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,000. 5 sch. 186 scholars. Pop. 452. Ambrosia, p-o., Lee co., Iowa, s. of Iowa city. Amelia, p-o., Clermont co., O., 123 s. s. w. Columbus, 494 W. Amelia, county, Va., central in the e. part of the state. The surface is agreeably diversified, the soil of an ordinary quality. It is drained by branches of the Appomattox r. It contains an area of 300 sq. ms. Neat cattle 6,029, sheep 7,708, swuie 12,664, wheat 50,637, Ind. com 244,785, oats 106,466, potatoes 57,699, tobacco 1,871,134 pounds, cott«n 6,015; 13 stores, cap. $42,100; 1 tanneiy, 3 flouruig m., 18 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,650. 2 acad. 50 students, 7 sch. 156 scholars. Pop. 1830, 11,031 ; in 1840, whites 3,074, slaves 7,023, free col'd 223 ; total, 10,320. Capital, Amelia. Amelia, p-v., capital, Amelia co., Va., 45 s. w. by w. Richmond, 162 W. It contains a court house and other county buildings, a few dwell- ings, and several mechanic shops. Amelia Island, Flor., in the n. e, part of the Ter., Nassau co. It is 15 ms. long, and 4 wide. Fernaudma, a town at the n. w. end, was once the capital of Nassau co., and a flourishing place, but it has gi'eatly declined. The land is gener- ally fertile. Amenia, p-t., Dutchess co., N. Y., 20 e. n. e. Poughkeepsie, 70 s. by e. Albany, 324 W. The surface is much diversified, having the Taugh- kannic mountains on the e. and the Fishkill range on the s. w. with a considerable valley be- tween, through which flow several tributaries of the Housatonic. Marble, magnetic iron ore, and some mineral springs, are found here. It has 8 stores, cap. $23,000 ; 2 fulling m., 2 flouring m., 4 grist m., 7 saw m., 1 furnace. Cap. in manufac. ■'it<37,7U0. 1 acad. 249 students, 5 sch. 159 scho- lars. Pop. 2,179. Amenia Union, p-v., in the above, 65 s. by E. Albany, 328 W. Contains 2 churches, 2 stores, 1 cotton fac, 1 woollen fac, 1 saw m., and 35 dwellings. Ameniaville, v., Amenia t., Dutchess co., N. Y., 25 E. N. E. Poughkeepsie. It has 3 churches, a Presbyterian, a Baptist and a Methodist, an academy, 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. and 40 dwellings. Pop. 200. America, p-v., Wabash co., la., 81 n. by E. Indianapolis, 570. W. Americus, p-v., and capital of Sumpter co., Ga., 104 s. s. w. Milledgeville, 760 W. It lies 16 w. Flint r., and contains a court house, an acade- my, 7 stores, and about 100 buildings. Americus, p-o., Tippecanoe co., la., 73 n. w. Indianapolis, 631 W. Ames, p-v., Canajoharie t., Montgomery co., N Y., 56 N. w. Albany, 395 W. It contains 2 churches, an academy, 1 store, 1 grist m., and 25 dwellings. Pop. 175. Amesbury, p-t., Essex co., Mass., 44 n. e. Boston, 475 W., on the n. side of the Merrimac A pond, covering about 1,000 acres, 90 feet above tide water, furnishes, by its outlet, an extensive water power. Powow r. runs through it, and furnishes mill seats. This river is navigable to the falls, and large ships are built here, and floated through the Merrimac to the ocean. There are in the t., 15 stores, cap. $18,170 ; 10 fulluig m., 2 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 1 pottery, 4 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $246,715. 1 acad. 40 students, 15 com. sch. 646 scholars. Pop, 2,471. Amesville, p-v., Ames t., Athens co., O., 84 s. E. Columbus, 327 W. In Ames t. are 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 3 saw m., 9 schools, 218 scholars. Pop. 1,431. Amesville, p-o., Boone co., 111., 224 n. by E, Springfield, 783 W. Amherst, p-t., Hancock co.. Me., 113 Augusta, 695 W. 1 saw m., 2 sch. 54 scholars. Pop. 196. Amherst, p-t., capital of Hillsborough co., N. H., 30 s. Concord, 459 W. Souhegan, a branch of the Merrimac, furnishes a fine water power. Incorporated 1760. It has 6 stores, cap. $14,800 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $25,425 ; 11 sch. 512 scholars. Pop. 1,565. Amherst, p-t., Hampshire co., Ms., 82 w. Bos- ton, 7 e. by N. Northampton, 385 W. 2 branches of Connecticut r., furnish good water power. It had in 1840, 14 stores, cap. $48,000 ; 2 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac $62,400. It was separated from Hadley, and incorporated in 1759. It is the seat of Amherst Col- lege, a highly flourishing institution, which was founded in 1821, and incorporated in 1825. Ithas a President and 10 Professors, or other instructors. The whole number of alumni is 613, of whom 137 have been ministers of the gospel. It has AMI 32 ANA (1811) 157 students, and 15,000 volumes in its libraries. Its philosophical apparatus is very complete, and it has a fine cabinet of natural his- tory, includhig mineralogy. The necessary ex- penses are from SI 13 to $137 annually. The rooms of indigent students are supplied with fur- niture. The commencement is on the 4th Wed- nesday of August. The buildings are conveni- ent and commanding. The institution has been supported chiefly by private liberality. Amherst has 2 parislies, in each of which is a pleasant village, and a Congregational church. It has 1 acad. «7 students, 8 sch. 586 scholars. Pop. 2,^50. Amherst, t., Erie co., N. Y., 10 n. e. Buflalo, 283 w. Albany. The surface is undulating, and the soil indifferent. Tonawanda cr. runs on its N. boundary, and Ellicott"s cr. flows through its centre. 10 stores, cap. 818,701); 1 tannery, 1 brewerj-, 1 distillery, 2 potteries, 3 flouring m., 7 gnst m., 1 furnace. Cap. in manufac. $13,900. Pop. 2,451. Amherst, p-t., Lorain co., O., 8 w. Elyria, 121 N. N. E. Columbus, 382 W. The v. has 1 store, cap. $2,000, and over 20 dwellings. The t. was incorporated in 1829. It has 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap in manufac. $2,300. 7 sch. 272 scholars. Pop. 1,184. Amherst, a central county of Va., on the n. side of James r. It has an area of 418 .sq. ms. The country is elevated and finely variegated, and the soil tolerably good. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,352, sheep 6,235, swine 16,913; wheat 112,677 bush, produced, rye 11,051, Ind. com 381,146, oats 145,022, tobacco 2,106,149 pounds, cotton 2,277 ; 18 stores, cap. $78,3iX), 7 tanneries, 24 distilleries, 10 flouring m., 40 griat m., 16 saw m. Cap. in manufac. Ijill2,007. 17 acad. 408 students, 11 sch. 266 scholars. Pop. in 183), 12,072; in .1840, wliites 6,426, slaves 5,577, free col'd 373 , total, 12,576. Amherst, p-o., and capital of Amherst co., Va., I5 N. N. E. Lynchburg, 115 w. Richmond, 176 W. It contains a court house, jail, and c/junty offices, all of brick, 2 stores, 1 tamiery, 15 dwcUing.s, and 131) inhabitants. A.MissviLi^E, p-o., Rappahannock co., Va., 116 N. N. w. Richmond, 65 W. Amite, a river of La., rises in Miss., and flow- ing s. unites with the Ibberville at Galveston, to which it is navigable, and after a course of 100 ras., falls into Lake .Maurcpas. Amite, a s. w. county of 3Iiss., has an area of 900 sq. ms. It is watered by the Amile r. and its branches. Good land is found along the streams, the rest is imeven and moderately fer- tile, well covered with timber. Capital, Liberty. IVcat cattle 13,904, sheep 5,212. swine 29,428; Lid. corn 311,270 bush., oats 18,205, potatoes 90,212, rice 167,497 pounds, cotton 5,066,605 ; 12 stores, cap. $50,499 ; 34 grist m., 9 saw m., 2 print- ing offices, one weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $107,325. 6 acad. 149 students, 11 com. sch. 199 scholars. Pop. 1830, 7,934 ; 1840, whites 3,741, slaves 5,741, free col'd 29; total, 9,511. Amity, p-v., Aroostook co., Me., 210 n. e. Augusta, 805 W. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw ra., 2 sch. 77 scholars. Pop. 169. Amity, t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 6 s. Angelica, 255 w. s. w. Albany. The Genesee r. flows through the middle of it from s. to x. On the r. the soil is good. It lias 2 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,150. Pop. 1,354. Amity, p-v., Washington co.. Pa., 10 s. Wash- ington, the capital, 225 Harrisburg, 244 W. Amitv, t., Erie co., Pa. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly loum. It contains 1 fulling m., 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,0&. 4 sch. 17.3 scholars. Pop. 5G0. Amity, t., Berks co.. Pa. Watered by Mana- tawny and Manokesy crs., which attbrd water power. There are 3 churches, belonging to Lu- therans and Presbyterians ;4 stores, cap. $18,0, W. It was formerly called Tio- ga Point, and is situated at the junction of Che- rnung r. with the Susquehanna. It is beautifully situated on an undulating plain, environed by mountains. It has 1 Presbyterian church, an acad. ; 1 1 stores, cap. $29,4.50 ; and 60 dwellings. Pop. about 400. The North Branch canal, of Pennsylvania, terminates here, and will be con- nected by a railroad, 4 ms., with the New York ATH 41 ATL and Erie railroad. Its advantuges promise to make it a place of importance. The t. corittiins 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 grist m., 14 saw m. 5 sch. 275 scholars. Pop. 1,532. Athens, t., Crawford co., Pa. It has 1 grist m., 5 saw in. 3 schools, Pop. 498. Athe.ns, county, O., is in the s. e. part of the stale, on the Oliio r. It contains an area of 740 sq. ms. The Hockhocking r. runs in a s. e. di- rection through the co., and several of its branches furnish good mill sites. There are also several other small rivers, among which is Raccoon cr., in the w. part of the co. Two townships in this CO., coutaining 46,0S0 acres, were granted by the United States congress to the Ohio Company, for theu.se of a university. The surface is broken and hilly, but the soil is productive, and adapted alike to grain and to grazing. Lime and freestone, and clay for brick, are abundant, and furnish great facilities for building. Bituminous coal is plenty, iron ore is found in many places, and several wells Ijave been sunk, from which salt of an e,\cellent quality is manufactured. There were in 1810, neat cattle 15,S71, sheep 2D,5J0, swine 24,459 ; wheat 175,S91 bush, produced, Ind. corn 3-<7,077, oats 152,316, potatoes 63,740, tobacco 10S,S78 pounds, sugar 6J,202, salt 92,800 bush., bitumin- ous coal 84,200 ; 54 stores, cap. $64,700 ; 6 tan- neries, 1 distillery, 18 grist m., 52 saw m., 3 oil m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $105,^50. 1 university, and 1 acad., 88 sch. 2,0S3 scholars. Pop. 19,10J. Athens, p-v., and capital of Athens co., Ohio. 72 s. E. Columbus, 33J W. It is beautifully situ- ated on a penmsula, formed by a bend in the Hockhocking r. It is in the northernmost of 2 townships, granted by congress for the support of a university. The houses are generally built of brick, and are large and commodious ; and the whole appearance of the village is picturesque and beautilul. It contains over 100 dwellings and 710 inhabitants. The public buildings are a Presbyterian and Methodist church, a college, and an academy, a court house, public offices, a jail, &c. The Ohio University was founded in 1821, has a president, 5 professors, or other in- structors, 145 alumni, of whom 34 have been clergymen 165 students, and 2,500 volumes in its libraries. The commencement is on the first Wednesday in August. Its funds yield about $5,000. Connected with it is an academy, with a building 2 stories high, containing 40 students. The college edifice including a stone basement, IS 4 stories high, on a slight eminence in the s. part of the town, with a beautiful green of several acres in front. It is one of the most respectable institu- tions of the kind in the state. There are in the V. 13 stores, cap. 26,600 ; 2 tanneries, 3 gri.st m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $24,900. 3 schools, 120 scholars. Athens t., in which the above vil- lage is situated has, exclu>ive of the village, 2 saw m., 6 grist m., 9 sch., 2J8 scholars. Pop. 1,.593. Athens, p t., Calhoun co., Mich., 126 w. De- troit, 584 W. It contains 1 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $3,000. 2 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 134. Athens, t., Harrison co., O. It has 7 sch. 242 scholars. Pop. 1,439. Athens, p-o., Caroline co., Va. Athens, p-v., Clarke county, Georgia. 75 N. by w. Mdledgeville, 610 W. It is on the w. bank of the Oconee r. It is the seat of the Georgia University, which was founded in 1785. It has a president and 6 professors, or other in- structors, 515 alumni, 77 students, and 19,0U0 volumes in its libraries. The commencement is on the first Wednesday in August. It has a fund of $110,000 ia bank stock, and 50,000 acres of land. It has a fine phihssphical apparatus, which cost $12,000. It has 2 large buildings, 120 by 45 feet, a chapel, &c. There are 4 churches, 1 Pres- byterian, I Metliodist, and 1 Baptist, 1 Episcopal, and 3000 inhabitants. Athex.s, p-v., and capital Limestone co., Ala., 25 N. w. Huntsville, 154 n. by e. Tuscaloosa, 733 W. Situated 1 m. w. of Swan cr. It con- tains a court house, jail, several stores and dwellings. Athen.s, p-v., Monroe co., Miss., 175 n. w Jackson, 906 \V. Situated on a small stream, 5 miles E. of the Tombigbee r. Athens, p-v., capital of McMinn co., Tenn., 154 s. e. Nashville, 555 W. Oa Eastanalla cr., 15 ms. from its entrance into the Tennessee. It has 3 churches, 2 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist, 3 academies, 2 male and 1 female, a court house, 2 banks, 13 stores, 1 llourhig m., 1 saw m., 2 prmting offices. Pop. 1,000. Athens, p-o* Fayette co., Ky., 34s. E.Frank- fort, 532 W. Situated on a small branch of Ken- tucky r. Athens, p-v., Sangamon co., 111., 14 n. Spring- field, 794 W. Situated 4 ms. from Sangamon r. It has several stores, and one steam mill for sawing and flouring. It has timber of the San- gamon on the w., and prairies E., with a flourish- ing country around it. Athens, p-o., Clark co., 3Io. Athens, p-v., capital of Izard co., Ark., on the north bank of White r. Athensville, p-o., Greene co., 111., 52 s. w. Springfield, 833 W. Athol, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 69 w. n. w Boston, 410 W. Incorporated 1762. It is water- ed by Miller's r., which affords an extensive water power. The surface is uneven, and the soil good It has 5 stores, cap. $2),000; 1 furnace, 2 tan- neries, 3 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac $48,625. 13 sch. 412 scholars. Pop. 1,591. Athol, p-t., Warren co., N. Y., 12 w. Cald- well, 74 N. by w. Albany, 443 W. It is watered by the Hudson r., and has 2 stores, cap. $3000, 2 grist m., 13 saw m. Pop. 1,210. Atkinson, p-t., Piscatiquis co.. Me., 35 n. n. E. Bangor, 90 n. e. Augusta, 6-(7 W. Incorpo- rated 1819. It has 2 stores, cap. $600 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 6 com. sch. 2i0 scliolars. Pop. 704. Atkinson, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H., 33s. e. Concord, 466 W. The surface is uneven, but the soil good, and well cultivated. Incorporated 1767. An academy here was incorporated in 1791, and is one of the most respectable iji the state. An island of 7 or 8 acres in a meadow, sometimes overflowed bj' means of an artificial dam, rises with the water, sometimes to the height of 6 feet, and also settles as the water subsides. This is a wonderful fact, stated on the authority of Dr. Belknap. It has 1 store, cap. $500; 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,600. 1 acad. 120 students, 6 sch. 181 scholars. Pop. 557. Atkinson's Mills, p-o., Mifflin co., Pa., 73 n. w. Harrisburg, 149 W. Atlantic, county, N. J., situated in the south part of the state, and contains 550 square miles. Watered by Great Egg Harbor r. and its branches. Little Egg Harbor r. bounds it on the n. e., and receives various branches from the county. The Atlantic lies on its s. E . border, and has along its shore numerous bays and islands, and extensive marshes. The soil is generally light and sandy Capital, May's Landing. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,668, sheep 2,413, swine 2,939; wheat 2,099 bush, prod., rye 1,661, lad. com 60,370, po». AUB 42 AUD toes 15,932, oats 8,750 ; 43 stores, cap. $63,800 ; 2 glass houses, 12 grist m., 33 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $1 12,50. 35 sell. 2,520 scholars. Pop. 8,726. Atlas, p-v.. Pike co.. 111., 81 w. by s. Spring- field, 861 W. It is a handsome tract of ground, under the bluffs, half a mile from Snycartce Slough, which is navigable for steamboats to this place, in liigh water. Atlas, t., Lapeer co., Mich. It contains 2 stores, cap. $1,300 ; 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §11,000. 4 schools, 98 scholars. Pop. 660. Atsion, p-v., Galloway t, Burlington co., N. J., 43 s. Trenton, 167 W. Situated on Atsion r. Here is an extensive furnace, a forge, grist m., and 3 saw m. The furnace employs about 100 men. Attala, county, Miss., in the central part of the state, contains 720 sq. ms. Drained tjy Big Black r., and the head brandies of Pearl r. Sur- face level, soil moderately good-. Capital, Kos- ciusko. There were in 1840, neat cattle 915, sheep 687, swine 13,640 ; wheat 2,909 bushels producecl, Ind. corn 170,892, oats 5,557, potatoes 28,322, to- bacco 4,174 pounds, rice 3,230, cotton 151,489; 2 stores, cap. $2,500 ; 6 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 print- ing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manuf. $30,900. 6 sch. 85 scholars. Pop. 1840, whites 2,955, slaves 1,0S2, free colored 266 ; total, 4,303. A TTAprjLGUs, po., Decatur co., Ga., 200 s. s w. Milledgeville, 85S W. Attica, p-t., Wyoming co., N. Y., 257 w. Al- bany, 375 W. The surface is rolling, and the soil, a fertile clay loam. It is watered by the Tonawanda cr. and its tributaries. The village contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, a bank, a female seminary, 8 stores, 2 grist m., 1 tannery, 1 clothiers' works, 100 dwellings, and 800 inhabitants. There are in the t. 12 stores, cap. $15,000, 1 fulling m., 1 wooUcu fac, 2 tan- neries, 1 printing oflice, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 flouring m., 2 gnst m., 4 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $^3,950. 2 acad. 140 students, 13 sch. Iza scholars. Pop. 2,710. Attica, p v, Venice t., Seneca co., O., 80 n. Columbus, 405 \V. It was laid out in 1834 ; has 3 stores, and over 20 dwellings. Pop. over 100. Attica, p-o., Fountain co., la., 73 w. n. w. Indianapolis, 614 W. Situated on the e. side of Wabash r. Attica Centre, p-v., Attica t., Wyoming co., N. Y., 261 w. Alliany, 371 W. Attleborougii, p t., Bristol county, Ms., 12 n. Providence, 30 s. Boston, 412 W. Incorporated 1694. Branches of Pawtucket r. pass through the t., and afford extensive water power. It has 8 stores, 6 cotton fac. with 9,'<-i6 spin.; amount pro- duced $150,000 ; 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Total cap. in manufac. $280,0U(). 1 acad. 50 students, 24 sch. 833 scholars. Pop. 3,5S5. Attleborougii, p-v., Buck's co.. Pa., 20 n. E. Philadelphia, 120 e. Hanisburg, 162 W. Attlecury, p-o., Sanford t., Dutchess co., N. Y., 71 s. Albany, 322 W. Atwater, pt.. Portage co., O., 21 e. Akron, 144 N. E. Columbus, 310 W. It has 1 Congrega- tional and 1 Methodist church, 3 schools, 128 scholars. Pop. 755. Auburn, p-t., Worcester co., Ms., 5 s. by w. Worcester, 47 w. s. w. Boston, 395 W. Incor- porated in 1788, by the name of Ward. French r. passes through it. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,400. 6 sch. 181 scholars. Pop. 649. AuBiTRN, p-v., capital of Cayuga co., N. Y., 173 w. Albany, 333 W. On tlie outlet of Owas- co lake. 7 s. Erie canal. It has a state prison which is considered a model for such institutions. It oc- cupies a plot of ground 500 by 1000 ft., which is enclosed by a stone wall 3,000 feet in length, 30 feet high, and 4 feet thick at the base. The out- let of Owasco lake passes along the outside of the s. wall, and by a water-wheel and shaft through the wall, moves machinery within the prison. The prison buildings stand about 80 feel within the outside wall, and form 3 sides of a square, the front of which is 280 feet long, and the wings 240 feet long and 45 wide. The earnings exceeded the expenditures in 1839, by $8,490. There is a flourishing theological seminary at Auburn, under the patronage and direction of the Presbyterians, founded in 1821, which has 4 professors and 71 students. Whole number ed- ucated, 344. Vols, ill libraries, 5,000. Auburn has a court house, jail, and other county buildings. The Auburn Academy, and the Auburn Female Seminary, are incorporated institutions. There are 7 ciiurches — 2 I'resbyterian, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, 1 Episcopal, 1 Roman Catholic, and 1 IJniversalist. It has a museum, and 2 banking houses. There are 59 stores, cap. $341,447; 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton factory, 2 tanneries, 1 distil- lery, 1 brewery, 4 flouring m., 2 saw m., 3 fur- naces, 4 printing offices, 4 newspapers, 1 daily and 3 weekly. Cap. in manufac $613,550. 2 acad, 250 students, 9 schools, 740 scholars. Popula- tion 5,626. Auburn, n-o., Chester co., Pa., 79 s. E. Har- risburg, 103 W. Auburn, p-o., Fauquier co., Va., 109 n. by w. Richmond, 58 W. Auburn, p-t., Geauga co., O., 156 n. e. Co- lumbus, 33J W. It is a fine farming town. It has 3 )U houses ; 3 stores, with a cap. of $7,000 ; 1 tannery, 4 saw m. Cap in manufac. $4,5(X). 10 sch. 520 scholars. Pop. 1,19-!. Auburn, p-v., Pontiac t., Oakland co., Mich., 27 N. w. Detroit, 549 W. Situated on the s. side of Clinton r., and contains 1 Baptist church, an academy, and several stores. Pop. about 100. Auburn, p-o., De Kalb co., la., 153 n. n. e. Indianapolis, 566 W. AuBUR.N, fHV., Sangamon CO., 111., 15 s. by w. Springfield, 795 \V. It is on the n. side of Sugar creek, surrounded by a beautiful prairie. It has 3 stores, and 12 or 15 families. Auburn, p-v., Lincoln co., Mo., 84 e. n. e. Jefferson city, b72 W. Auburn, p-o., Hinds co.. Miss., 32 w. Jackson, 1,042 W. Auburn, po., Gwinnett co., Ga., 94 n. n. w Milledgeville, 655 W. Auburn, p-v., Macon co., Ala., 172 s. e. Tus- caloosa, 786 W. Auburn, (Four Corners,) pv., Susquehan- na CO., Pa., 185 N. by E. Harrisburg, 285 W. In the t. are 2 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,995. 8 schools, 200 scholars. Pop. 1,113. Audrain, county. Mo. It is central toward the E. part of the state, and contains 435 sq. ms. The surface is level, and the soil good. It is drained by the s. Fork of Salt river. Capital, Mexico. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,016, sheep 1,655, swine 5,975 ; wheat 2,927 bush, pro- duced, Ind. corn 77,320, oats 12,700, potatoes 3,715, tobacco 24,080 pounds; 4 stores, cap. $7,600 ; 5 grist m., 2 saw m. ; 2 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. whites 1,752, slaves 195, free col'd 2 ; total, 1,949. Audubo.\, p-o., HardimancCjTenn., 172 9. w. AUG 43 AUR Nashville, 887 W. It is on Cat cr., 10 s. s. e. BoLivar. Auglaize, t., Allen co., O. It has 3 schools. Pop. 732. Auglaize, t., Paulding co., O. Pop. 298. Auglaize, r., O., rises in Allen co., has nu- merous branches, and forms a large brancli of the Maumee r., entering it on the s. side, at De- fiance. It is boatable, in high water, 50 or 60 miles. Augusta, p-t., capital of Kennebec co., and of the state of Me., is situated on bolh sides of the Kennebec r., 43 ms. from tlie ocean, at the head of sloop navigation, 44° 18' 43" n. lat. 69° 50' \v. Ion., 146 N. E. Concord, N. H., 163 n. n. e. Bos- ton, Mass., 535 W. Pop. 1810, 1,805; 1820, 2,475 ; 1830, 3,930 ; 1840, 5,314. First settled 1771, incorporated 1797. The t. is 8 by 6 miles. The parts of the village are connected by a fine bridge across the Kennebec, 5^0 feet long, which cost $23,000. It is regularly laid out ; the ground rises on each side of the river ; it has many fine buildings, and tlie streets are orna- mented by trees on each side. Its agriculture, commerce, and manufactures are flourishing Its tonnage is over 3,000. The state house is a beautiful white granite building on a command ing eminence, half a mile s. from the village. The apartments for the senate, house of repre- sentatives, and state offices, are spacious and elegant. Before it, is a spacious park, ornament- ed with walks and trees. The United States arsenal is a large stone edifice on the E. side of the r. The state intane hospital is a splendid granite edifice with vvi:!gs,on the e. side of tlie r., surrounded by 70 acres of ground, and cost $100,000. The Augusta high school is a large brick building, 65 by 50 feet, i sto.ies high, with a fine done portico, and cost $7,'.K)0. There is a splendid dam erec.ed across the Kennebec, half a mile above the village, with locks to facilitate navigation, completed in 1 f37, at an expense of $3Jl/,0JJ, which will create an immense water power. In constructing the dam, 2,500,000 feet of timber were used, and 75,000 tons of stones and gravel were deposited in it. The pond formed by this dam extends 16 miles, and covers 1,200 acres. It has 64 stores, cap. $141,650 ; 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 4 grist m., 4 saw m., 2 oil m. Cap. in manufac. !ji66,550. 2 acad. 15J students, 26 sch. 1,129 scholars. Augusta, pt., Oneida co., N. Y., 100 w. n. w. Albany, 370 W. The v. is on Skanandoa cr. Contains 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Metho- dist church, an academy, 2 stores, 1 grist m., and 40 dwellings. The t. contains 4 stores, cap. $22,00J ; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 5 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $45,950. 1 acad. 92 students, 14 sch. 626 scholars. Pop. 2,175. Augusta, p-v., Frankford t., Sussex co., N. J., 75 N. Trenton, 244 W. It has a Presbyterian church, and S or 10 dwellings. Augusta, p t., Northumberland co.. Pa., 65 n. Harrisburg, 165 W. The surface is diversified ; soil, alluvial, red shale, and gravel. Drained by Great and Little Shamokin creeks, which unite and flow into the Susquehanna. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 pottery, 5 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,400. 9 sch. 452 sch's. Pop. 2,409. Augusta, pt., Carroll co., O., 135 e. Colum- bus, 304 W. It is watered by tributaries of Sandy cr. Pop. 1,234. Augusta, p-v, Des Moines co., Iowa. Situa- ted on the N. side of Skunk r. It contains seve- ral stores and neat dwellings, 1 carding ma- chine, and 1 flouring ra., the largest in the s. part of the territory. Augusta, C. H., p-v.. Bracken co., Ky., 73 n. s Frankfort, 487 W. It contains a church, a court house, a jail, and a college with 104 students, 1 sch. 23 scholars. Pop. 786. Augusta, county, Va., central in the w. dis- trict, contains 900 .sq. ms. The surface is uneven or mountainous. It is drained by tributaries of James r. and Shenandoaii r. The soil is fertile, of which wheat is the principal production. Capital, Staunton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 21,479, sheep 19,660, swine 32,445 ; wheat 324,332 bush, produced, rye 92,227, Ind. corn 3S4,403, oats 244,339, potatoes 48,357 ; 34 stores, cap. $117,300; 2 fuUing m., 18 tanneries, 53 distilleries, 3 furnaces, 1 paper manufac, 29 flour- ing m., 13 grist m., 31 saw m., 3 oil m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly paper. Cap. in manufac. Iiil37,910. 2 acad. 60 students, 29 com. sch. 633 scholars. Pop. 1830, 19,925 ; 1340, whiles 15,072, slaves 4,145, free col'd 421 ; total 19,628. Augusta, p-v., city and capital of Richmond CO., Ga., on the s. w. side of Savannah r., 96 Milledgeville, 120 n. w. Savannah, 575 W. Pop. 1830, 4,000 ; 1810, 6,403. It is regularly laid out and handsomely built, chiefly of brick. The streets cross each other at right angles, and are ornamented with trees, and m.my of the houi^es are spacious and elegant. It has a city liall, court house, jail, theatre, arsenal, hospital, and a female asylum. It contains 7 churches, 1 Baptist, 1 Episcopal, 1 3Iethodist, 1 Presbyte- rian, 1 Roman Catholic, 1 Unitarian, and 1 African. It is connected with Charleston and Milledgeville by railroad. It has a rich back country, and a very active trade, and sends a great amount of cotton, tobacco, and other pro- duce, down the r. to Savannah. It contains 12 coinmi.ssion houses in foreign trade, capital $215,000 ; 255 stores, cap. $1,231,870 ; 2 furnaces, 2 printing offices, 2 daily, 4 weekly, 2 semi- weekly newspapers, and" 2 periodicals. Cap. in manufac. !r>44,500. 3 acad. 105 students, 3 sch. 143 scholars. Augusta, p-v., and capital of Perry co., Miss., 173 s. E. Jackson, 1,051 W. It is situated on Leaf r., a branch of the Pascagoula r. Augusta, p-v., Marion co., la., 9 n. Indian- apolis, 530 W. Situated on a branch of White r. August.4, p-v., Hancock co., III., 87 vv. by s. Springfield, 865 VV. Augusta, t., Kalamazoo co., Mich., 12 e. Kalamazoo. It is on the s. bank of Kalamazoo r. Pop. 616. Augusta, t, Washtenaw co., Mich. Pop. 646. AuRAKiA, p-v., Lumpkin co., Ga., 135 n. n. w. Milledgeville, 625 W. It is situated on the di- viding ridge between Chestatee and Etowah rs., in the richest part of the gold region, and is rapid- ly increasing in population. AuRELius, p-t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 5 w. Au- burn, 158 vv. by N. Albany, 337 W. The sur- face is undulating, and the soil good, being clay and gravelly loam. Watered by the Owasco outlet, and streams flow-ing w. into Cayuga lake. It has 3 stores, cap. $M,950; 3 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 6 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $52,900. It has 14 sch. 786 scholars. Pop. 2,645. Aurelius, t., Washington co., O., 20 n. Ma- rietta, 40 s. E. Columbus, 408 W. Situated on the w. branch of Duck cr. The surface is hilly, and the soil rich. Aurelius, t., Ingham co., Mich. It has 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 148. AuRiEsviLLE, p-o.. Glen t., Montgomery co., N. Y., 40 N. w. Albany, 403 W. Aurora, t., Erie co., N. Y., 276 w. Albany, AUT 44 AVO 15 s. E. Buffalo. The surface is iiiidulatina; ; soil, clay and gravelly loam. Drained by Se- neca and Cazenove creeks. It contains 10 stores, cap. 824,600 ; 3 fulling m., 3 tanneries. 5 grist m., 19 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $62,325. Pop. 2,908. Aurora, p-t., Hancock co., Me., 116 e. Au- gusta, 698 W. It has 2 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 149. Aurora, p-v., Ledyard t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 170 w. Albany, 323 W. Delightfully situated on the E. bank of Cayuga lake. Incorporated, 1837. It has 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist church, the Cayuga ucadciny, 4 stores, and several warehouses, 80 dwellings, and 503 inhabitants. It has a number of manu- factories ; and steamboats slop here several times daily. Aurora, p-t., Portage co., O., 25 Cleveland, 144 N. E. Columbus, 335 W. It has 2 churches, 4 stores, and 16 mechanic shops. It is celebra- ted for the quantity and quality of its cheese. More than 2,000 cows are kept in the towii, wliich produce over 300 tons of cheese, and 30 tons of butter annually. 7 schools, 199 scholars. Pop. 906. Aurora, p-v., Racine co., Wis. Ter., 110 s. E. Madison, 776 W. Aurora, p-v.. Dearborn co., la., 87 s. e. In- dianapolis, 518 W. Situated on the n. w. bank of Ohio r. Aurora, p-v., Kane co., El., 117 n. n. e. Springfield, 754 W. Situated on the w. side of Fo.\ r. Aurora, p-v., Callaway co., Ky., 243 s. w. Franklbrt, 770 W. Aurora, p-o., Marshall co., Ala., 122 n. n. e. Tuscaloo.sa, 715 W. Aurora, p-o., Clark co.. Ark. Au Sahle, t., Clinton co., N. Y., 15 s. Platts- burg, 140 N. Albany. The surface is undul.i- ting or hilly ; soil, sandy and clay loam. Drain- ed by Great and Little Au Sable rivers. It has 17 stores, cap. $60,300 ; 1 tannery, 1 brewery, 1 grist m., 15 saw m., 2 furnaces. Cap. in manu- fac. $101,975. Pop. 3,222. Au Sadle, p-o., Jay t., Essex co., N. Y., 144 N. Albany, 519 W. Au Saule, p-o., Kendall co.. 111. Au Sable Forks, p-v., Jay t., Essex co., N. Y., 15 1 Albany, 529 W. It "is situated at the junction of the e. and \v. branch of Au Sable r. It has 1 church, 5 stores, 1 forge, 1 rolling m., 1 nail factory, 2 saw m., and 70 dwellings. Pop 500. Au Sable, r., rises in Essex co., N. Y., near the head waters of the Hudson, and empties into Lake Chani|)laiii, in the s. part of Cluiton co. It passes by the manufacturing villages of Clin- tonville, Keescville, and Birmingham, affbrding by its falls great water power. Inunediately below the lower falls at Birmingham, the river passes through a chasm, for the distance of 2 miles, in which the banks consist of nearly per- pendicular rocks, from 75 to 150 feet liigh, and about 50 feet across at top. Autauga, county, Ala., near the centre of the 8tate, contains 1,000 sq. nis. The surface is va- ried and broken, and the soil moderately fertile, except on the rivers, where it is rich. It is drained by Autauga cr. and other branches of the Alabama r. Capital, Kingston. Tlierewcre in 1840, neat cattle 9,9.S9, sheep 1 ,889, swine 8,938 ; wheat 7, 155 bush, produced, rye 2,326, Ind. corn 402,700, oats 26,159, potatoes 22,090, cotton 1,076,801 pounds, 3 tanneries, 1 pottery, 3 flouring m., 43 griat ra., 30 saw m. Cap. in manufac. !lfl77,2.50. 1 acad. 50 students, 22 com. sch. 549 scholars. Pop. 1830, 11,874; 1840, whites 6,217 blaves 8,109, free col'd 16 ; total, 14,342. Au.STEKi,rTZ, p-t., Columbia CO., N. Y., 31s.s. w. Albany, 363 W. The surface is hilly and rough, and the soil is gravelly, and clay loam. It is watered by Green r., a branch of the Housato- nic. The village has 1 church, 2 stores, and 20 dwellings. Spencertown is another small vil- lage in tiie town. The t. contains 4 stores, cap. §2,900 ; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. Sl9,600. 1 acad. 35 stu- dents, 18 sch. 824 scholars. Pop. 2,091. AusTERLiTZ, p-v., Kent CO., 3Iich., 178 w. n. w. Detroit, 659 W. AusTiNuuRfi, p-t., Ashtabula CO., O., 201 .\. e. Columbus, 334 W. It has 1 Presbyterian church, 1 academy, 1 store, 2 flouring m., 3 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 woollen fac, 2 fulling m., and 2 carding machines, 1 acad. 71 students. Pop. 1,047. Austin's Ferry, p-o., Grainger co., Tenn., 217 E. by N. Nashville, 473 W. AusTi.xTow.v, t., Trumbull co., O., 12 s. E. Warren, 160 .\. e. Columbus ; 12 sch. 425 scho- lars. Pop. 1,245. AusTi.NviLLK, p-o., Wythe co., Va., 247 w. s. w. Richmond, 315 W. AusTiNviLLE, p-o., Livingston co., Mo., 173 N. w. Jefferson city, 1,067 W. AvA, p-o., Boonville t., Oneida co., N. Y., 124 w. N. w. Albany, 408 W. AvA, p-v., Winnebago co., 111. AvERii.L, t., Essex CO., Vt., 30 n. Guildhall, on the Canada line. The head branches of Nulhe- gan r. flow s. into the Connecticut, while other streams, the outlets of large ponds, flow into the St. Francis r. in Canada. The soil is broken and cold. Pop. 11. Ave.nt's Cross Roads, p-o., Greenville co., Va., 99 s. Richmond, 215 W. AvERVsiioRouGH, p-v., Cumberland co., N. C, 35 s. Raleigh, 323 W. On the s. e. bank of Cape Fear r. Avery's Gore, t., Addison co., Vt. It lies nearly on the summit of the Green Mountains. Chartered in 1791, and has 1 sch. 10 scholars. Pop. 78. Avery's Gore, p-t., Franklin co., Vt., 57 n. by w. 3Iontpelier, 567 W. 1 sch. 12 scholars. Pop. 35. Avi.ston, p-t, Clinton co.. 111., 102 s. Spring- field, 786 W. Avoc'a, p-v., Bath t., Steuben co., N. Y., 225 w. by s. Albany, 307 W. It is on the Conhoc- ton r., atid has 1 Presbyterian church, 2 stores, 1 flouring m., 2 saw m., and 30 dwellings. Pop. 200. AvocA, p-o., JefTci-son co., Mo., 159 e. by s. Jefferson city, 921 W. Avon, p-t., FKinklin co., Mc., 49 n. w. Augus- ta, 635 W . 2 stores, cap. 8900 ; 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,915. 13 sch. 345 scholars. Pop. 827. Avon, p-t., Hartford co., Ct., 10 w. n. w. Hartford, 336 W. It was taken from Farming- ton in 1830, and has considerable good land on the borders of Fainiingion r. It contains 3 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 fulling m., 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,500. 5 sch. 164 scholars. Pop. 1,001. Avon, p-v., Livingston co., N. Y., 222 w. by N. Albany, 355 W. It is pleasantly situated about half a mile e. of Genesee r., elevated 100 feet above the level of the r. The village contains 3 churches, 1 Episcopal, 1 Bapii.st, and 1 3Iclhodist, 3 hotels and public boarding houses. 4 stores, and various mechanic shops. On the BAT 45 BAI S. w. of the village are two celebrated mineral springs, 60 or 80 rods apart. Near them are 3 bathing houses, for the use of the waters. These waters contain various salts, with sulphuretted ■hydrogen gas, and other gases, and are effica- cious in disordered digestion, rheumatism, gout, and cutaneous affections. The t. contains 10 stores, cap. $16,000; 1 furnace, 1 flouring m., 2 grist mills, 3 saw mills. Capital in manufactures 146,960. 15 sch. 515 scholars. Pop. 2,999. Avon, p-t., Lorain co., O., 17 w. Cleveland, 135 N. N. E. Columbus, 377 W. It lies bordering on Lake Erie. French cr. passes through the middle of the touii. It has 1 store, capital $3,000; 1 tannery, 5 saw mill. Capital in manufactures, $2,900. 7 schools, 305 scholars. Pop. 1,220. Avon, p-v., Kane co., 111., 198 n. n. e. Spring- field, 769 W. Avon, t., Oakland co., Mich. It contains 9 stores, cap. $25,150; 3 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 5 flouring m., 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $85,745. 8 sch. 517 scholars. Pop. 1,630. AvoNDALE, p-o., Chester co., Pa., 71 s. E. Harrisburg, 101 W. AxEViLi.E, pc, Connewango t., Caltarauarus CO., N. Y., 312 w. by s. Albany, 342 W. Ayersville, p o., Stokes co., N. C, 122 w.n. w. Raleigh, 302 W. ^ Aylett's, p 0., King William co., Va., 28 n. E. Richmond, 116 W. Az.vLi.i, p-v., Bartholomew Co., la., 60 s. s. E. Indianapolis, 596 W. AzT.iL.VN, p-t., Jefferson co.. Wis., 30 e. by s. Madison, 840 W. It has 1 saw m., 2 sch. 42 scholars. Pop. 250. Avoyelles, parish, La., lies on the w. of the Mississippi, and the Atchafalaya and the Red r. pass through it. It contains a surface of 1,080 sq. ms. The part of it bordering on the streams is subject to be overflowed, and is not fit for cul- tivation ; but in its w. part, is a slightly elevated table land, which is dry, and tolerably fertile. The principal production is cotton. Capital, Marksville. It had in 1840, neat cattle 9,801, sheep 1,870, swine 1,510; Ind. corn 115,861 bush, produced, potatoes 39,218, cotton 7,015,922 pounds ; 54 grist m., 3 saw m., 50 oil m. ; 2 acad. 45 students, 3 sch. 47 scholars. Pop. 1830, 3,484 ^ 1840, whites 3,066, slaves 3,472, free col'd 78 ; total, 6,616. B. Babylon, p-v., Huntington t., Suffolk co., N. Y., 185 s. E. Albany, 265 W. It is situated near South Bay, has 1 church, 4 stores, 4 m. It is a pleasant resort, in the summer season, for fisliLng and fowling. Pop. about 250. Bachelor's Retreat, p-o., Pickens dist., S. C, 20 s. w. Pendleton, 167 n. w. Columbia, 572 W. Bachman's Mills, p-o., Carroll co., Md., 65 n. Annapolis, 75 W. Back Creek, p-o., Somerset co., Md., 117 s. E. Annapolis, 157 W. Back Creek, p-o., Scriven co., Ga., 123 E. Milledgeville, 644 W. Back Creek Valley, p-o., Frederick co., Va., 159 N. Richmond, 87 W. Bacon Castle, p-o., Surry co., Va., 63 s. E. Richmond, 186 W. Bad River, rises in Saginaw co., Mich., and enters into Saginaw r. Bagdad, p-o.. Smith co., Tenn., 64 E. n. e. Nashville, 643 W. Baggs, p-o., Mcintosh co., Ga., 130 s. e. Mil- ledgeville, 35 Darien. Bah A.MA Channel, or Gulf of Florida, the nar- 1 row sea between the coast of America and the Bahama islands, 135 ms. long, and 46 wide. The currents here are most violent, formed by an in- flection of the Gulf Stream, passing at the rate of from 2 to 5 ms. an hour, among islands ; and ves- sels are frequently wrecked in passing through this strait. Baileysburgh, p-v., Surry co., Va., 66 s. e. Richmond, 185 W. Baileys Landing, p-c, Lincoln co.. Mo., 96 N. e. Jefferson city, 865 W. Bailey's Mills, p-o., Jefferson co., Flor. Baileyville, p-t., Washington co.. Me., 209 E. Augusta, 795 W. Situated on the St. Croix r. It has 1 saw m. ; 4 sch. 154 scholars. Pop. 329. Baileysville, p-o., Centre co., Pa., 98 n. w. Harrisburg, 170 W. Bald Eagle, t., Clinton co.. Pa. Pop. 1,178. Bainbridge, p-t., Chenango co., N. Y., 104 w. by s. Albany, 320 W. The soil is good, and adapted both to grain and grazing. It is watered by the Susquehanna r. and its tributaries. Pop. 3,324. 7 grist m., 12 saw ra. ; 24 sch. 1,064 scholars. Bainbridge, p-v.. West Donnegal t., Lancas- ter CO., Pa., 20 s. E. Harrisburg, 112 W. It is on the w. bank of the Susquehanna, and contains 15 or 20 dwellings. Bainbridge, p-v., Ross co., O., 18 s. w. Chili- cothe, 6'J s. Columbus, 424 W. It is near the falls of Puint cr., contains 2 brick churches, and about 60 dwellings. Bainbridge, t., Geauga co., O., in the s. w. corner of the co. It is watered by Chagiin r. and its branches. It contains 1 store, cap. $300 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. ; 10 sch. 389 scholars. Pop. 983. Bainbridge, t., Berrien co., Mich. It has 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,500. 2 sch. 41 scholars. Pop. 251. Bainbridge, p-v., and capital of Decatur co., Ga., 183 s. s. w. Milledgeville, 845 W. Situated on the E. side of Flint r. It has a court house, jail, and several dwellings. Bainbridge, p-v., Putnam co., la., 33 w. In- dianapolis, 609 W. Situated a little w. of the Walnut fork of Eel r. Bainbridge, po., Macon co., Ala., 102 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 789 W. Bainbridge, p-v. , Williamson co.. 111., 176 s. by e. Springfield, 827 W. Situated on the s. side of a small branch of Big Muddy r. Bainbridge, v., Cape Girardeau CO., Mo. Sit- uated on the IMississippi r., e. of Jackson, the co. seat, and opposite Hamburg. Bainbridge Centre, p-o., Bainbridge t., Che- nango CO., N. Y., 107 w. by s. Albany, 317 W. Bairdstow.n, p-t., capital of Nelson co., Ky., 40 s. w. Frankfort, 60 w. s. w. Lexington, 615 W. It is on the e. side of Beech Fork, one of the branches of Salt r. It has a stone court house and jail, a church, market house, 1 acad. 100 stu- dents, 1 sch. 35 scholars. Pop. 1,492. St. Jo- seph's college, Roman Catholic, situated in the vicinity, was founded in 1819. It has a president, and 14 professors or other instructors, 150 alumni, 69 students, and 7,000 volumes in its libraries. The commencement is on the 1st of August. Baiting Hollow, p-v., Riverhead t., Suffolk CO., N. Y., 221 s. E. Albany, 301 W. Contams a Methodist church, and about 12 or 15 dwellings. BAL 46 BAL Baker, p-o., Jackson t., Cliampaign ro., O., 11 s. w. Urbaniia, 56 w. Columbus, 450 W. Bakkr's, p-o., Lenawee cc, Mich., 82 s. w. Detroit, 4'J7 W. Bakkr's, r., Grafton co., N. H., is formed of a N. and s. branch, the former of which rises near Moosehiilock mountain, and pursuing a s. k. and E. course, it falls into Pemigewas.setr., just above the village of Plymouth. Bakkk's Island, Mass., ofT Salem harbor, on the N. end of which is a ligiit^house. It is not quite half a mile long, and is 5 ms. E. N. E. of Sa- lem. Baker's Falls, on Hudson r., Sandy Hill t., Washington co., N. Y. The falls, with the con- nected rapids, descend 70 feet in 100 rods. Baker, county, Ga., is situated in the s. w. part of the state. Organized in 1825. It is wa- tered by Flint r., which passes through it from the N. E. to the s. vv. The Itchawaynochaway and its branches, also traverse it from n. to s., and enter Flint r. near the s. border of the county. The soil is sandy, but productive for sugar. Cap- ital, Newton. There were in 18iO, neat cattle 12,450, sheep 879, .swine 13,355; wheat 1,931 bush, produced, Ind. corn 92,509, oats 2,718, po- tatoes 5,222, cotton 815,473 pounds, sugar 4,260; 8 stores, cap. $33,116 ; 2 grist m., 2 saw rn. Pop. 1830, 1,253; 1840, wliites 2,447, slaves 1,773, free col'd 6 ; total, 4,226. Bakerskield, p-t., Franklin co., Vt., 30 n. e. Burlington, 49 n. n. w. Montpelier, 551 W. First settled 17S9, chartered 1791. The surface, con- taining 26,000 acres, is broken, but not mountain- ous, and the .soil warm and productive. Watered by small branches of the Missisque r. It has 3 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 gri.'-t m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,450. 9 sch. 197 scholars. Pop. 1,25S. Bakerstown, p-v., Allegliany co., Pa., 14 Pittsburg, 217 w. Harrisburg, 243 W. Bakeusville, p-v., Yancey co., N. C, 247 w. Raleigh, 473 VV. Balcony Falls, p-o., Rockbridge co., Va., 147 w. Richmond, 210 W. Situated on James r., at the passage of the Blue Ridge, at the western termination of the James r. canal. The r. is here compressed, and is crossed by a dam, for the pur- pose of feeding the canal. The surromiding scenery is highly picturesque. Bald Creek, p-o., Yancey co., N. C, 251 w. Raleigh, 431 W. Bald Eagle, t., Clinton co.. Pa. It has 4stores, cap. 11,000; 2 forges, 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 flouring m., 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $13,350. 2 .sch. 99 scholars. Pop. 1,17S. Bald Eac;le, r.. Pa., runs n. e. 44 ms., through Centre and Clinton counties, and after a course of 50 ms., tiiUs into the w. branch of the Susque- hanna. Bald Eagle, mountains. Pa., situated on the confines of Huntingdon and Centre counties, n. E. of Juniata r. Bald Eagle valley lies on the k. side, and is 5 ms. wide, having beneath it a bed of limestone. This valley, which is jjleasant, has a place where caverns in the rocks absorb the prin- cipal streams of the valley, and they run several mdes under ground, before they emerge. Bald Head, cape, on the s. w. point of Wells Bay, Me. Bald Head, the s. w. end of Smith's island, at the mouth of Cape Fear r., N. C. It has a light- house, lat. 33° 51' N., Ion. 78° 13' w. Bald Mount, p-o., Luzerne co., Pa., 147 n. n. B. Harrisburg, 251 W. Baldwin, p-o., Butler co., Pa., 207 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 259 W. Baldwin, t., Cumberland co.. Me., 40 \. w Portland, 150 n. n. e. Boston, 5S3W. IthasSc- bago pond on the E., and Saco r. on the w. In- corporated, 1802. It contains 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 4 saw m. ; 11 sch. 471 scholars. Pop. 1,134. IJaldwin, p-v.. Hinds co.. Miss., 43 Jackson, 1,053 W. Situated on the e. .side of Big Black r. Baldwin, county, Ga., in the central part of the state. It has an area of about 216 .«q. ms. The face of the country is uneven, and the soil moderately good, excepting on the streams, where it is fertile. The Oconee r. passes through it. The capital of the co., and also of the state, is Milledgcville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,041, sheep 2,C39, swine 12,549; wheat 9,779 bush, produced, rye 1,195, Ind. corn 210,636, oats 12,550, potatoes 9,486, cotton 1,561,654 pounds ; 18 stores, cap. $171,000; 4 tanneries, 4 saw m., 4 printing oflices, 4 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manulac. $97,810. 1 college, 5) students, 7 acad. 233 students, 1 sch. 12 scholars. Pop. 18.30, 7,295; 1840, whites 3,075, slaves 4, 107, free col'd 68; total, 7,250. Baldwin, county, Ala., in the s. part of the state. It contains about 2,000 sq. ms. The sur- face near the Gulf of Mexico is a sandy plain, but gradually rises into pine ridges, in the inte- rior. The soil is generally poor, though some good land is found along the streams. C'nief pro- duction, cotton. Capital, Blakely. There were in 1840, neat cattle 17.359, sheep 643, swine 5,175; Ind. corn 49,330 bush, produced, potatoes 12,941, rice 15,180 pounds, cotton 213,121 ; 11 stores, cap. $23,150; 2 distilleries, 14 grist m., 39 saw m. Cap. ill manufac. $135,000. 7 sch. 110 scholars. Pop. 1830, 2,324; 1840, whites 1,161, slaves 1,707, free col'd 83; total, 2,951. Baldwinsville, pv., Templeton t., Worces- ter CO., Ms., 64 w. by n. Boston, 414 W. Baldwinsville, pv., Ly.^ander t., Onondaga CO., N. v., 145 w. by n. Albany, 262 W., on the n. side of Seneca r. It has 2 churches, 8 stores, 150 dwellings, 1 large woollen fac, 3 flouring m., 3 saw m., 1 iron foundry, 2 machine shops, 1 sash fac, &c. It has a nourishing academy. Seneca r. has a tow path, by which this place is connect- ed with the Oswego canal. Pop. about 1,000. Baldwinsville, p-v., Scott co., Mo., 260 s. e. Jeflferson city, 83J W. Bale's Branch, p-o., Green co., Tenn., 262 Nashville, 424 W. Baley, t., Benton co.. Ark. Pop. 373. Balize, La., (See North West Pass village.) Ballard, co., Ky., taken from Hickman and McOacken counties in 1842, situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 375 sq. ms. The Ohio r. bounds it on the n. and n. w., and the Mississippi r. on the w. Drained by Mayfield's cr. and branches. Capital, Columbus. Ballard's Bridge, p o., Chowan co., N. C, 195 E. N. E. Raleigh, 275 W. Ballardsvili.e, p-v., Logan co., Va., 346 Richmond, 333 W. Ballardsvili.e, p-v., Oldham co., Ky., 29 n. w. Frankfort, 571 W. Situated near the e. line of the county. Ballovv's Ferry, p-o., Calcasieu parish, La., 334 w. N. w. N. Orleans, 1,359 W. Situated on E. side of the Sabine r. Ball (jround, po., Cherokee co., Ga. Ball Plav, p o., Cherokee co., Ala., 189 n. e. Tuscaloosa, 680 W. Ballville, t., Sandusky co.,0., lying on both sides of Sandusky r., affording excellent mill seats. Ballston, t., Saratoga co., N. Y., 26 Albany 395 W. The surface of the t. is undulating, and BAL 47 BAL the soil a gravelly loam. On its eastern bonndary is Ballston or Lons lake, 4 ms. long, and half a mile wide, the outlet of which affords some wa- ter power. Organized in 1788. There are sev- eral post offices and small villages in the place. The Schenectady and Saratoga railroad passes through the t. It contains 2 stores, cap. $4,500 ; I fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,800. 1 acad. 23 students, II sch. 269 scholars. Pop. 2,044. Ballston Ce.mtre, p-v., Ballston t., Saratoga CO., N. Y., 23 Albany, 396 W. It has 1 Presby- terian church, 1 store, and 10 or 12 dwellings. B.4LST0N Sp.v, p-v., and capital of Saratoga cc, N. Y., is situated in Milton t., 23 Albany, 399 W. Through the village flows a small branch of the Kayaderosseras creek. Incorporated 1807. It has a brick court house and jail, a county clerk's office, 4 churches, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist, 1 banking house, 20 stores, 200 dwellings, and about 1,500 inhabitants. It has 2 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 iron foundi-y, 1 machine shop, 2 tanneries, and 1 distillery. There are several mineral springs at the place, more celebrated formerly than at present, as they have lost some of their properties, and the Sans Soiici Hotel, a large building, erected for the accommo- dation of visiters, and wliich is much frequented in the summer season. It is connected by rail roads with Troy, Schenectady, and Saratoga. Ballsville, p-o., Powhatan co., Va., 48 w. Richmond, 151 W. Baltimore, county, Md., situated in the n. part of the state, contains 900 sq. ms. The sur- face is hilly, but not mountainous. It is watered by Gunpowder and Palapsco rivers. The capi- tal is Baltimore. There were in 1840, neat cattle 13,723, sheep 16,826, swine 23,833; wheat 153,181 bushels produced, rye 79,132, Ind. corn 523,423, buckwheat 9,116, oats 300,278, potatoes 183,6S4, tobacco 9,417 pounds ; 70 for. commercial, and 103 commission houses, cap. $4,404,5 )0 ; 1,310 ret. stores, cap. $6,795,038; 2 forges, 4 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 13 cotton fac. 34,102 sp., 3 dyeing and printing estab., 27 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 3 breweries, .5 powder m., 1 glass fac. 9 potteries, 33 flouring m., 48 grist m., 34 saw m., 8 rope walks, 4 paper fac, 19 printing offices, 6 daily, 7 week- ly, and 5 semi-weekly newspapers, 6 periodicals. Cap. in manufac. $4,294,792. 4 colleges, 395 students, 61 acad. 2.372 students, 94 sch. 3,043 scholars. Population 1833, 120,876; 1840, whites 105,331, slaves 7,5J5, free colored 21,453; total, 134,379. Baltimore, the third city in population and fifth in commerce in the U, S, and capital of Baltimore county, in Maryland, is situated on the N. side of the Patapsco river, 14 miles from its entrance into the Chesapeake Bay, and 200 ms. from the ocean, by ship channel ; and is in 39° 17' N. lat., and 76° 36' w. Ion. from Greenwich, and 0° 26' e. Ion. from Washington. It is 40 miles N. E. from Washington, 97 s. w. from Phila- delphia, 183 s. w. from New York, 398 s. w. from Boston, 160 n. e. from Richmond, 230 e. s. E. from Pittsburg, 590 n. n. e. from Charleston. The population in 1790, was 13,503; m 1800, 26,514; in 1810, 35,583; in 1820, 62,738; in 1830, 80,625; in 1840, 102,313, of which 3,199 were slaves. Employed in commerce, 1,991 ; in man- ufactures and trades, 8,847 ; learned professions, 554. It had 4 colleges with 395 students; 50 academies and grammar schools, with 2,044 stu- dents, 63 common schools with 3,401 scholars ; and 1,191 white persons over twenty, who could neither read nor write. The city is pleasantly situated, on slightly undulating ground, with commanding elevations on the N. and e. As laid out it includes 4 miles square, and is built around a bay which sets up from the N. side of the Patapsco. The streets are regular and spa- cious, and the houses are neat, most of them of brick, and some of them are splendid. The har- bor, which is very fine, consists of three parts. The entrance to it, between Fort M'Henry and the Lazaretto, is about 6(X) yards wide, with 22 feet of water. This depth is continued, with an increased width, for a mile and a quarter, to near Fell's Point. Opposite Fell's Point, the width is contracted to one fourth of a mile. This is the entrance to the second harbor, and is about 12 feet deep; but it widens above into an ellipse, a mile long, half a mile broad, and 15 feet deep. The third or inner harbor has a depth of 10 feet, and penetrates to near the centre of the city. It is well defended by Fort 3rilenry, at the entrance to tlie outer harbor, which was proved by a pow- erful attack that was made upon it and repulsed, in the last war with Great Britain. Jones' Falls, a small stream from the N., divides the city into 2 parts, and over it are erected 3 elegant stone bridges and 4 wooden ones. Vessels of .500 or 600 tons can lie at the wharves near Fell's Point; but those of 200 tons can come up to the town in the inner harbor. The amount of the tonnage of this port in 1840, was 76,022. Among the public buildings, the City Hall, or Holliday-street, is a plain building, 3 stories high, having a portico with 4 massive pillars ; and is occupied by the city council and several offices. The Court House, comer of Monument square and Lexington-street, is a large and com- modious building, and is appropriated to the city and county courts, with their connected offices. It is 145 feet long and 65 wide, two stories high, constructed of marble and brick In front are several Tuscan columns, and the whole is sur- mounted by a cupola of an imposing appearance There are six markets. The State Penitentiary consists of three large buildings, besides work- sliops and some other buildings, and occupies 4 acres, containing gardens and walks, surrounded by a stone wall 20 feet high. The prisoners work together by day, and are confined in sepa- rate cells at night. The County Prison, near the Penitentiary, is a neat building, with embat- tled towers at the ends, and has an appropriate cupola. The House of Refuge is well fitted for its purpose. But the most imposing public struc- ture is the Washington Monument, at the inter- section of Charles and Monument streets. Its base is 50 feet square and 20 feet high, on wMch is a pedestal supporting a Doric colunm, 140 feet high, on the top of which is a statue of Wash- ington, 13 feet high. The column is 20 feet in diameter at the bottom and 14 feet at the top, and is ascended by a circular stair-case on the inside. The Battle Monument, corner of Calvert and Fayette streets, was erected in 1815, in com- memoration of the successful defence of the city against an attack of the British in September, 1814, and is 52 feet high, including an elegant statue on the top, emblematical of the city of Baltimore. The names of those who fell in the battle are inscribed on the column in letters of gold. Baltimore is well supplied with pure and whole- some water. In several parts of the city are public springs or fountains, accessible to all the citizens. These foimtains are enclosed by cir- cular railings, and covered by small, neat, open temples, consisting of columns supporting a dome. These are denominated the City Spring, Western Fountain, Centre Fountain, and Eastern Fount- BAL 48 BAN aiii ; and they are uu ornament as well as a convenience lo tlie city. But there is a still more co])ious supply of water from an elevated part of Jones' Falls, in an aqueduct half a mile long, to a reservoir on Calvert-street, whence it is dis- tributed in pipes through the city. The harbor of Baltimore is accessible through a great part of the year, though sometimes obstructed by ice. The commerce is great, for wliich it enjoys pe- culiar facilities. It possesses most of the trade of Maryland, much of that of Western Penn and a portion of that of the Western States. In its shijiping, it is the fifth city in the Union. It is the greatest market for tobacco in the United States, and the greatest llour market in the world. Its tonnage in 1840 amounted to 76,022. Its man- ufactures are not less extensive than its com- merce. A vast amount of water power is con- centrated in its vicinity. Jones' Falls, though a small stream, has a succession of falls which afford considerable water power. The Patapsco, though not a large river, has a fall of about 800 feet in a course of thirty miles ; and it aflbrds many valuable mill sites. There are within 20 miles of the city, 60 flouring mills, besides numer- ous cotton manufactories, and other manufac- tories of cloth, powder, paper, iron, copper, glass, steam engines, chemicals, tobacco, &c. There were in IS40, 70 commercial and 103 commis- sion houses, with a cap. of $4,401,500 ; 1,251 retail stores, cap. $6,70^,611; 20 lumber yards, cap. $267,500 ; machinery manufac. to the amount of $284,000; hardw.ire and cutlery $10,300; pre- cious metals $13,000 ; ofvarious metals $310,000; 1 woollen fac, cap. $20,000; 1 cotton fac. 3,600 sp.; 1 dyeing and printing establisiiment, total cap. $16,200; tobacco, cap. $118,i)00; 13 tanneries, cap. $132,800; 3 distilleries, 3 breweries, capital $87,000; 1 powder m., cap. $30,000; paints, drugs, &.C., cap. $79,000 ; 1 glass factory, capital $30,000 ; 9 potteries, cap. $22,300 ; 6 sugar re- fineries produced $176,000; 3 paper fac. prod. $59,000; 8 rope walks, cap. $66,550; 1 grist m., 2 saw m., cap. $27,000 ; furniture to the amount of $268,200; 213 brick and stone houses, and 1 wooden house, employed 845 persons, and cost $518,400; 19 printing offices, 10 binderies, 6 daily, 7 weekly, 5 semi-weekly newspapers, and 6 periodicals, employed 279 persons, and a cap. of $119,900. Total cap. in manufactures $2,729,983. 4 uiiiv. and colleges, 395 students, 50 acad. or gram, sch., 2,(t44 students, 63 com. and prim, schools with 3,401 scholars. 'J'he Baltimore and Port Deposite railroad ex- tends 36 miles to Havre de (Irace, and there connects with a chain of railroads to Philadelphia, making the whole distance 95 miles. The VVash- iiigton branch of the Baltimore and Ohio rail- road extends 33 miles to Washington city. The Baltimore and Ohio railroad is completed over 80 miles to Harper's Ferry, and is designed to be continued to Wheeling, on the Ohio. It already brings much trade into Baltimore and when completed will form the most direct communica- tion which exists between the Atlantic coast and the Mississippi valley. The Baltimore and Sus- quehanna railroad extends to York in Pennsyl- vania, and connects with a chain of railroads to Philadelphia and Baltimore. There are lines of steam packets to Philadelphia and to Norfolk, and other packets to New York and to various parts of the Atlantic coast. There were in 1840, 9 banks, besides savings institutions, with an aggregate cap. of $6,50O,0(X). The University of Maryland was incorporated in 1812, and the Baltimore College has since been merged in it. It has an academical and scientific, a medical and a law department. The medical department has 6 professors and 65 students. St. Mary's College is a flourishins Catholic institu- tion ; has 25 instructors and 160 students, and I2,0(X) volumes in its libraries. The Maryland Institute Iras for its object the diffusion of scien- tific and mechanical knowledge, by means of lectures aiid otherwise. It has a fine chemical laboratorj', and a complete philosophical appara- tus. The Maryland Academy of Science and Literature, located in the Athenteum buildings, which were erected for scientific purposes, has collections in the several departments of natural history, plaster casts, &c. Other institutions are Asbury College, and several free schools, found- ed by donations from benevolent individuals. The City Library, the Apprentices Library, and the Exchange Heading Itoom are valuable insti- tutions. There is a number of public schools, some of which have fine buildings, and are well f>rovided with all the means of instruction. There are in the city 42 churches, of which th» Episcopalians have 5, the Roman Catlrolics have 6, one of which is a splendid cathedral, the Pres- byterians have 3, the Scotch Presbyterians 2, the Baptists 4, the Methodists haye 9, and there are various others. I'here are various benevolent institutions, among which are the hospital, the building of which ct>st $150,000 ; the almshouse, 375 feet long, with spacious grounds ; several dispensa- ries and several orphan asylums, and some others. There are 2 theatres, a circus, a museum, with some other places of amusement. Baltimore was first laid out as a towTi in 1729, and in 1765, it contained but 50 houses. It re- ceived a charter as a city in 1797. Few towns in the United States have risen more rapidly ; and its growth is of a substantial and permanent character. Baltimore, p-v.. Liberty t., Fairfield co., O., 32 s. w. Columbus, 378 W. 4t is on high ground, on both sides of the Ohio canal. It has 3 stores and 2 w•arehousc^s, 1 large flouring m., 2 tanne- ries, 1 woollen factory, over 100 dwellings, and more than 500 inhabitants. It has a priming of- fice, at which a weekly paper is issued. B.vLTiMouE, t., Windsor co., Vt., 65 s. Mont- pelier. Organized in 1794. The surface is stony, and the soil warm. Hawk Jlountain di- vides it from Cavendish, to which it originally belonged. It has 1 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 155. Baltimore, Hundred, Sussex co., Del. It has 7 stores, cap. 6,400 ; 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 6 sch. 185 scholars. Pop. 2,241. Bai^timore, p-v., Warren co., la., 77 re. vr. Indianapolis, 648 W. Situated on the w. side of the Wabash r. Bamgor, city and p-t., the capital of Penob- scot co.. Me. It is situated at the head of the na\'igation on the w. side of Penobscot river, 60 miles from the ocean. It is in 44° 47' 50"' s. lat., and 68° 47' w. Ion., 68 e. n. e. Augusta, 120 N. E. by E. Portland, 230 n. e. Boston, Mass., 663 W. Pop. 1790, 169 ; 1800, 277 ; 1810, 850 ; 1820, 1,221 ; 1830, 2,868 ; 1840, 8,627. Kendus- keag, a stream 190 yards wide at its mouth, di- vides the city into 2 parts, which are connected by bridges. This stream has falls alwut 1 mile from the city, which aflford many mill seats. Just above the city, is abridge across the Penob- scot r., 1,320 feet long, connecting it with Orring- ton, which cost $50,0CX). The harbor, which is at and below the mouth of the Kenduskeag, is spacious; the tide here rises 17 feet, and is of itself sufficient to float vessels of a large class. BAR 49 BAR The principal article of trade is lumber, which comes down the river in immense quantities. 1,-iOO vessels, of over 100 tons burden each, are employed, in the season of navigation, in the lumber trade, besides a large number of vessels engaged in the coasting and foreign trade. It has an extensive back country, in whicli there is much good land. The city occupies a plea- sant and commanding situation, affording a fine view of the river and surrounding country. The buildings, both public and private, are not only neat, but many of them elegant. Steamboats regularly ply between this place and Portland, and Boston, when the river is open, which is about eight months in the year. Bangor has 7 churches, 1 Congregational, 1 Episcopal, 1 Bap- tist, 1 Methodist, 1 Lutheran, 1 L'niversalist, and 1 Koman C'atholic. It was incorporated as a town in 1791 ; as a city, in 1834. The Bangor Theological Seminary, originally called the "Maine Charity School," and first located at Hampden, 6 ms. s., was opened in 1816. It is designed to give a classical and theological edu- cation for tlie ministry, in a shorter time tlian is ordinarily employed in a collegiate and theolo- gical course, and is under the direction of the Congregationalists. It has 3 profes.sors, 43 stu- dents, 13'J alumni, and 7,000 vols, in its libraries. 11 commercial and comnussion houses in foreign trade, cap. $98,500; 134 ret. stores, cap. $318,500 ; value of lumber produced $305,500 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 43 saw m., 3 printing offices, 1 daily, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufactures $101,800. 2 academies, 29 students, 25 schools, 1,647 scholars. B.^NGOR, p-t., Franklin co., N. Y., 6 w. Ma- lone, 219 N. N. w. Albany, 530 W. The surface is level ; and the soil, a sandy loam, is fer- tile. It is watered by the tributaries of Salmon r. It has 3 stores, cap. $7,500 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manulac. $12,620. 7 sch. 400 scholars. Pop. 1,289. Bangor, p-o., Richland co., O., 65 n. by e. Columbus, 390 W. Bannister, r., waters Pittsylvania and Hali- fax counties, Va., and falls into Dan r. 10 ms. above the junction of the latter with Roanoke r. Bantam, p-o., Clermont co., O., 108 s. w. Columbus, 479 W. Bantam Fall, p-o., Litchfield co., Ct., 36 Hartford, 328 W. Baptistown, p-v., Kingwood t., Hunterdon CO., N. J., 33 N. N. w. Trenton, 190 W. It con- tains a Baptist church, a store, and 10 or 12 dwellings. There is a Presbyterian church within 1 mile of the v. The country around has a fertile soil, and is well cultivated. Barber's Cross Roads, p-o., Isle of Wight CO., Va. Barbour, county, Ala., in the e. border of the slate, has the Chattahoochee r. on the E., and Pea r. on the w. Drained principally by branches of the Chattahoochee r. The surface is rolling, soil on the margins of streams fertile. Capital, Clayton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 18,544, sheep 2,063, swine 28,465 ; wheat 6,239 bush, produced, rye 123, Ind. corn 327,936, bar- ley 295, oats 4,039, potatoes 12,204, rice 4,860 pounds, cotton 2,959,109 ; 36 stores, cap. $184,196 ; 2 tanneries, 22 grist m., 22 saw m., 1 printing of- fice, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $22,094. 1 acad. 50 students, 22 sch. 549 scholars. Pop. whites 6,469, slaves 5,548, free col' d 7 ; total, 12,024. Barbour's Mills, p-o., Lycoming co,, Pa.. 113 N. by w. Harrisburg, 223 W. 7 Barboursville, p-o., Tompkins t., Delawaie CO., N. Y., 117 w. by s. Albany, 307 VV. Barboursville, p-v.. Orange co., Va., at the foot of S. Mountain, 80 n. w. Richmond, 107 W. Barboursville, p-o., Chautauque co., N. Y., Barboursville, p-o., capital Knox co., Ky., 119 s. E. by s. Frankfort, 519 W. Situated on the N. side of Cumberland r. It contains a court house, jail, several stores and dvvelluigs, 2 sch. 54 scholars, and 224 inhabitants. Barboursville, v., capital of Cabell co., Va., 352 N. N. w. Richmond, 389 W. On the e. bank of Great Guyandot r., 5 ms. above its en- trance into Ohio r. (See Cabell, C. H.) Barcelona, p-o., and port of entry, Westfield t., Chautauque CO., N. Y., 51 s. w. Buffalo, 343 w. Albany, 346 W. Situated on Lake Erie, the west- ernmost village in the slate, and is a place of considerable trade. It has 10 stores and ware- houses, and 50 dwellings. Pop. 300. Barcelona, p-o., Bloomfield t., Richland co., O., 14 Manslield, 60 n. n. e. Columbus. 393 W. 13ardstow.\, p-t., Nelson co., Ky. (See Bairds- town.) Bares, p-o., Monroe co., O., 144 e. Columbus, 278 W. Bargaintown, p-v.. Egg Harbor t., Atlantic CO., N. J., 87 s. by e. Trenton, 197 W. It has a 3Iethodist church, 1 store, 1 grist m., and 30 dwellings. Barges, p-o., Wilcox co., Ala., 122 s. by e. Tuscaloosa, 903 W. Bariiamsville, p-o., New Kent co., Va., 40 E. Richmond, 157 W. Bar Harbor, p-o., Hancock co.. Me., 109 n. w. Augusta, 691 W. Bairfield's Point, p-o., Crittenden co.. Ark. Baring, p-t., Washington co.. Me., 201 e. n. e. Augusta, 871 W. It lies s. of the St. Croix r., and has a railroad 4 ins. to Calais. It contains 1 store, cap. $1,500 ; 1 grist m., 7 saw in. Cap. in manufac. $39,160. 2 sch. 162 scholars. Pop. 376. Bark Camp, p-o., Burke co., Ga., 68 e. Milledge- ville, 642 VV. Barker, t., Broome co., N. Y., 12 n. Bingham- ton, 135 s. w. Albany. The surface is uneven, and the soil good for grazing. Watered by Tiougli- nioga cr. It has 3 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 grist m., 7 saw in., 14 sch. 419 scholars. Pop. 1,259. Barker's, p o., Greene co.. Pa., 219 w. s. w. Harrisburg, 235 W. Barker's Settlement, p-o., Randolph co., Va., 221 N. w. Richmond, 248 W. Barktiamsteai), p-t., Litchfield co., Ct., 24 n. w. Hartford, 360 W. 'The surface is rough, but the .'-oil is good for grazing. Watered by branches of Farinington r. Incorporated, 1779. It has 4 stores, cap. $17,500; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $25,527. 8 sch. 308 scholars. Pop. 1,571. Bark River, t., Jefi'erson co.. Wis. It has 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,500. Pop. 53. Barksoale, p-o., Halifax co., Va., 132 s. w. Richmond, 219 W. Barnard, t., Piscataquis co.. Me. It has 2 sch. 80 scholars. Pop. 153. Barnard, p-t., Windsor co., Vt., 10 n. Wood- stock, 42 s. Montpelier, 491 W. The surface is hilly, but the soil is good for grazuig. It is wa- tered by tributaries of While and Queechee rs. Near the centre of the town is a pond, covering UK) acres, from which a small mill stream issues. It has 3 stores, cap. $15,000; 3 tanneries, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,aX). 15 sch. 628 scholars. Pop. 1,774. BAR 50 BAR Barnardsville, p-v., Roane co., Tenn., 151 K. by s. Nashville, 546 W. Barlow, p-t., Washington co., O., 10 w. Ma- rietta, 98 s. by E. Columbus, 310 W. The sur- face is moderately uneven. Pop. 111. Barnegat, v., Foughkeepsie t., Dutchess co., N. Y., E. side of Hudson r., 4 ms. s. of I he vil- lage of PoughkeeT)sie. It has 1 store, and 25 or 30 dwellings. Lime is extensively produced here. Pop. 180. Barnegat, p-v., StafTord t., Monmouth co., N. J., 56 s. E. Trenton, 205 W. It is on a sandy soil, surrounded by pine forest, has 4 stores, and 50 dwellings. Barnegat Bay, is separated from the ocean by Island Beach, and ^(luim Beach, and ex- tends from Barnegat Inlet, by which it is entered, 20 miles to Metetecunk r., and is from 1 to 4 miles wide. Barne-!, p-o., Richland co., O., 67 n. Colum- bus, 37'J W. Barne.s, p-o., Dallas co., Ala., 97 s. by e. Tus- caloosa, 858 W. Barnes" Bridge, p-o., Richmond co., N. C, 100 s. w. Raleigh, 396 W. Barnesville, v., Warren t., Belmont co., O. 30 s. w. by w. Wheeling, 101 e. Columbus, 299 W. It has 9 stores, 1 Meihodist church, 130 dwelliiigs, 40 mechanic shops, 6 large tobacco vvareliouse.s, 1 steam woollen fac, 1 do. saw m., 1 do. large grist m. ; 1 select female school, 2 com. schools. Incorporated 1835. Pop. 700. Barnesview, v., Clark co., Mo., 2 ms. e. Wiaconda r. Barnet, p-t., Caledonia co., Vt., 10 s. by e Danville, 48 e. Montpclier, 535 W. It lies on Connecticut r. at the Fifteen-miles Falls, oppo- site to Lyman, N. H. It has a good soil, and is watered by Pasumsic and Stevens' rivers, the latter of which has falls of 100 feet in 10 rods, affording good mill privileges. The t. contains slate and iron ore. It has 8 stores, cap. $20,300 ; 4 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 3 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $88,100. 14 sch. 607 scholars. Poo. 2,030. Barnett's Creek, p-o., Ohio co., Ky., 162 s. by w. Frankfort, 706 W. Barnetts' iMiLLs, p-o., Fauquier co., Va., 91 N. by w. Richmond, 79 W. Barn'uaiit's Mills, p-o., Butler co., Pa., 212 w. by n. Harrisburg, 254 W. Barnstable, county, Mass., includes the whole of Cape Cod, in the e. part of the state. The cape is 65 ms. long, and has a medium breadth of 5 ms. A greater portion of the cape is sandy and dry, and incapable of furnishing the necessary subsistence to the inhabitants, who depend chiclly upon the cod, mackerel, and other fisheries. Salt is extensively made from sea water, evaporated by the heat of the sun. Most of the male inhabitants are sailors; and tlie dangers of the sea are evinced by the great num- ber of widows found in the population. There are 13 towns in the county. Capital, Barnsta- ble. There were in 1S40, neat eatiie 6,797, sheep 6,207, swine 4,15S ; wheal 3,107 bush, produced, rye 13,256, Ind. corn 59,55 •*, oats 10,281, potatoes 75,759, domesdc salt 314,326; 186 stores, cap. $303,925 ; cap. in fisheries $739,455 ; 3 fulling m. 1 woollen fac, 9 tanneries, 1 glass fac, 1 pottery, 1 ropevvalk, 61 grist m., 1 saw m., 2 printing offices-, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $441,220. 11 acad. 557 students, 167 sch. 10,359 scholars. Pop. 1830, 28,525 ; 1840, 32,548. Barnstable, p-t., seaport, and capital of Barnstable co., Mass., 74 s. e. Boston, 475 W. I'he t. extends across the cape, and the village is on the s. side of Barnstable Bay, which opens into Cape Cod Bay. The mouth of the bay has a bar, witli 6 or 7 feet water. Between 50 and 6J fishing and coasting vessels belong to the place. 'I he tonnage of the port in l-t40, was 56,556. The land of the t. is much better than that of most parts of Cape Cod. it has 29 stores, cap. $41,750 ; cap. in fisheries $57,000 ; salt pro- duced, $22,585 bushels ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 pottery, 9 grist m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $30,500. 2 acad 87 students, 22 sch. 1,193 scholars. Pop. 4,301 Barnstead. p-t., Belknap co., .\. H., 18 n. e. Concord, 499 W. Incorporated, 1767. The sur- face is rolling, but not mountainous ; soil, well adapted to grazing. It has several ponds which discharge their waters into SuncooK r. It has 7 stores, cap. $12,500 ; 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,850. 17 sch. 702 scholars. Pop. 1,945. Barnsville, p-o., Montgomery co., Md., 79 w. by N. Annapolis, 39 W. Barnsville, p-v., Pike co., Ga., 40 Macon, 65 w. Milledgeville, 687 W. It has 1 Baptist church, 1 academy, and 8 stores. The Monroe railroad passes through it. Barnwell, s. w. district of S. C, contains an area of 1,630 sq. ms. It lies between the Sa- vannah r. on the s. w. and the S. Edisto r. on the N. E. Soil, moderately good. Coiton is the chief production. It communicates with Savan- nah by the Savannah r., and with Beaufort, and the adjoining islands, by the Salkahatcliie r., and with Charleston by the Charleston and Ham- burg railroad, which passes through it. There are several sulphur springs in the district, one of which affijrds water sufficient to propel an ordi- nary grist mill. Capital, Barnwell C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 28,117, sheep 6,201, swine 47,724 ; wheat 15,889 bush, produced, rye 4,525, Ind. corn 670,581, oats 16,700, potatoes 45,952, rice 18,000 pounds, cotton 2,804,067, ■ silk cocoons 240 ; 3'^ stores, cap. $196,450; 1 cot- ton fac 1,308 sp., 7 flouring m., 66 grist m., 75 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $183,475. 4 acad. 95 students, 20 sch. 481 scholars. Pop. 1339, 19,236 ; 1840, whites 10,533, slaves 10,503, free coi'd 435: total 21,471. Barnwell, p-v., capital of Barnwell dist., S. C, 100 s. by w. Columbia, 604 W. Situated on Turkey creek, near the Great Salkahatchie r. It contains a court house, jail, market house, 3 churches, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, 1 Roman Cath- olic. It lias 3 academies, 7 stores, and 35 dwell- ings. Pop. 400. 15arre, p-t., Washington co., Vt., 7 s. Mont- pclier, 43 N. by w. Windsor, 520 W. The soil is good, particularly for grazing. Watered by branches of Onion r. which affiird water power. Orgiinizod in 1793. There is 1 (Congregational, 1 Methodist, 1 Baptist, and 1 Univorsalist church. This town furnishes an inexhaustible quantity of fine building granite, of which the stale house in ftlontpelier was constructed. It is also wrought into mill stones. It has 6 stores, cap. $22,300 ; 4 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 4 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,000 15 sch. 610 scholars. Pop. 2,126. Bakre, t., Huntingdon co.. Pa. 8 stores, cap. $35,900 ; 1 furnace, 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 3 taimerics, 3 distilleries, 3 grist m., 19 saw ms (^ap. in manufac. 22,540. 10 sch. 331 scholars. Pop. 2,225. Bauke, p-t., Worcester co., Ms., 65 w. Boston, 409 W. It is on elevated ground, has a good soil, particularly for grazing; and is watered by Ware r. and its branches, supplying good water BAR 51 BAR power, which 1i\s been employed in mamifuc- lures. 1 woollen iac, 1 cotton he. 2,5)0 sp., 1 powder m., 3 grist m., 6 saw in. Cap. in manu fao. $21,300. 1 acad. 40 students, 13 sch. 712 scholars. Pop. 2,751. B.vRRE, p-t., Orleans co., N. Y., 252 w. Albany, 390 W. The surface is undulating, the soil a fertile loam, adapted both to grain and grazing. The Erie canal passes through the town. It con- tains several villages, the chief of which are Al- bion and Barre Centre. It has 26 stores, cap. $108,800 ; 1 fulling m., 2 furnaces, 3 tanneries, I flouring ni., 2 grist m., 5 saw m., 2 printing of- fices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in nianufac. !!S61,140. 2 acad. 314 students, 34 com. schools, 1,746 scholars. Pop. 5,539. BvRRE Ckntre, p-v., Barre t., Orleans co , N. Y., 254 w. by n. Albany, 381 W. It has 1 church, 2 stores, 1 steam llouring m., and 20 dwellings. B,\iiRE\, county, in the s. part of Ky., contains 540 sq. ms. Watered by Little Barren r., and Beaver branch of Big Barren r. The surface is moderately uneven, and the soil tolerably fer- tile. Capital, Glasgow. There were in 1S40, neat cattle 18,472, sheep 21,916, swine 60,932 ; wheat 80,316 bush, produced, rye 5,087, Indian corn 697,578, oats 22'J,403, potatoes 23,109, to bacco 2,321,285 pounds, cotton 15,040, sugar 22,390, salt 9,000 hush. ; 24 stores, cap. §106,100; 17 tanneries, 43 distilleries, 2 flouring m., 55 grist m., 22 saw m. Cap. in manufae. ii!6 3,883. 2 acad. 32 students, 33 sch. 739 scholars. Pop. 1830, 15,079; 1S40, whites 13,147, slaves 4,065, free col'd 76 ; total, 17,2SS. Barren, 2 small rivers of Kentucky, called Big Barren and Little Barren rivers, tributaries of Green r. The former falls into Green r. in the N. w. corner of Warren co. ; the latter, w. of Greensburg. Barre.v, p o., Harrison co., la., 118 s. Indian- apolis, 6ii W. Barre.n, p-o., W^illiamson co., Tenn., 25 s. Nashville, 709 W. Barre.\ Creek Springs, p c, Somerset co., Md., 84 s. E. Annapolis, 124 W. Barren Hill, p o., Montgomery co., Pa., 96 e. by s. Harri-sburg, 149 W. Barren Hill, p o., Henry co., Tenn., 105 w. N. w. Nashville, 791 W. Barren Plai.n, p-o., Robertson co., Tenn., 32 N. Nashville, 714 W. Barretsville, p-v., Lumpkin co., Ga., 20 s. ■w. Dahlonega, 124 n. n. w. MilledgeviUe, 64* W. Situated near the Etowah r. Barrington, p-t., Strafford co., N. H., 20 n. w. Portsmouth, 35 e. Concord, 505 W. The sur- face is uneven, and the soil a gravelly loam. It has 13 ponds, the outlets of some of which fur- nish mill seats. Incorporated 1722. There is a curious cave in this town, called the Devil's den, having several chambers, one of which is 60 feet long, 10 or 15 high, and 6 or 8 wide. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,30t); 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufae. §3,100. 12 sch. 535 scholars. Pop. 1,844. Barringto.nt, p-t, Bristol co., R. L, 8 e. s. e. Providence, 403 W. Soil, fertile sandy loam, manured by sea weed. Incorporated 1771. It is connected with Warren by a bridge. It has 1 store, cap. $500 ; 1 grist m. ; 3 sch. yO scholars. Pop. 519. Barrington, p-t., Yates co., N. Y., 8 s. Penn Yan, 201 w. Albany, 322 W. Surface sligh ly uneven, soil a fertile gravelly loam. It lies on the E. side of Crooked Lake, and has 1 store, cap. $2,000 J 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 brewery, 3 flouring m., 2 grist m., 11 saw m., 2 printing offices, '2 weekly papers. Cap. in manufae. iJ199,450. 12 sch. 578 scholars. Pop. 1,S6J. Barri.ngton, Great, p-t., Berkshire co., Mass. (See Great Barrington.) Barrowdale, p-v., Fairfield dist., S. C, 26 n. Columbia, 479 W. Barrv, county, in the w. part of Michigan proper, has an area of 576 sq. ms. Drained chieily by Thorn Apple r. The surface is undu- lating and sometimes broken, and the soil fertile. The natural growth is beech, sugar-maple, white- wood, ash, &c. Capital, Hastings. There were in 1810, neat cattle 991, sheep 86, swine 1,307 ; wheat 12,8 SI bush, produced, Ind. corn. 9,435, barley 563, oats 13,77.5, potatoes 13,255, sugar 10,'j50 pounds ; 3 saw m. Cap. in manufae. $1,800. 12 sch. 240 scholars. Pop. 1,078. Barry, county. Mo., in the s. w. part of the stale, contains 830 sq. ms. The surface is hilly, and the soil generally good. It contains an in- termixture of woodland and prairie. There were in 1"^10, neat cattle 6,190, sheep 2,918, swine 18,672; wheat 13,157 bush, produced, Ind. corn 2SJ, 140, oats 17,735, potatoes 8,5S5, cotton 10,001 pounds ; 9 stores, cap. $52,210 ; 2 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 4 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manu- fae. $6,650. 10 sch. 278 scholars. Pop. whites 4,5!5, slaves 26.1, free col'd 8; total, 4,7J5. Barry, po., Frederick co., Md., 91 n. w. An- napolis, 59 W. Barry, pt., Schuylkill co.. Pa., 76 Harrisburg, 1S6 W. it has broad mountains and fruitful val- leys. Watered by Deep cr., a tributary of the Susqueh.inna r. It contains 2 stores, cap. $300; 1 forge, 3 grist m., 23 saw m. Pop. 639. Barry, p-o., Cuyahoga co., O., 153 N. E. Co- lumbus, 316 W. Barry, p-v.. Sandstone t., Jackson CO., Mich., 85 w. Detroit, 555 W. ; on Sandstone creek, and has 2 stores, a saw mill, and a quarry of sandstone. It is on the route of Detroit and St. Joseph railroad. Barry, p o., Campbell co., Ky., 86 n. by e. Frankfort, 501 W. Barrv, p-o.. Pike co.. 111., 73 w. s. w. Spring- field, 853 W. Barry, p o., Clay co.. Mo., 169 w. by n. Jef- ferson city, 1,032 W. Barry, t., Barry co., Mich. It has 1 saw m., 3 sch. 70 scholars. Pop. 343. Barry's Bridge, p-o., I^unenburg co., Va., 119 s. w. Richmond, 235 W. Barryton, p o., capital Washington co., Ala., 133 s. s. w. Tuscaloosa, 951 W. It contains a court house and a few dwellings. Barrvtovv.v, p-o., Redhookt., Dutchess co., N. Y., 53 s. Albany, 325 W. It is on the e. side of Hudson r. It has a convenient landing, 2 stores, and several dwellings. Barrvville, p-o., Forrestburgh t., Sullivan CO., N. Y., 137 s. s. w. Albany, 295 W. Barrvville, p-o.. Stark co., O., 131 n. e. Co- lumbus, 310 W. Barrvville, p o., Fayette co., Ga., 93 w. n. w. MilledgeviUe, 697 W. Bart, p-t., Lancaster co.. Pa., 55 e. Harris- burg, 112 W. Drained by a head branch of the Oetarara cr. 7 stores, cap. -$18,000 ; 1 furnace, 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 3 flouring m., 4 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufae. $23,500. 7 sch. 245 scholars. Pop. 1,859. Barter Brook, p-o., Augusta co., Va., 114 Richmond, 156 W. Bartholomew, county, la., a little s. of the centre of the slate, contains 480 sq. ms. Watered BAT 52 BAT by Clil'iy anil Flat Kock cr.s.. and Dhfiwood cr., a large branch of White r. The soil is very fer- tile. Capital, Columbus. There were in 1840, neat cattle ~,3:i4, sheep 7,()61, swine 2.1,244 ; wheat 37,149 busii. produced, rye 2,127, Ind. corn 47lt.r)3(), oats 53,277, potatoes 10,801, tobacco 1,454 pound.s, su^ar20,75S ; 20 stores, capital $42,500 ; 1 Imnher yard, cap. $2,000 ; 4 tanne- ries, 4 distillerie.«, 2 flouring in., 10 grist m., 11 Kavv m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, ('ap. in mauufac. 849,495. 28 sell. 943 scholars. Pop. 10,042. Bautmolo.mew, t., JeflTerson co., Ark. It has 1 grist m. Pop. 143. Bartholomew, p-o., Chicot co., Ark., IIG s. E. Little Rock, 1,151 W. Bartlf.tt, t., Jefferson co.. Pa., has 9 saw m. Cap. in mannfac. $10,200. Pop. 259. Bartlett, pt., Coos CO., N. H., 80 n. n. e. Concord, 566 W. It lies at the foot of the White mountains, on the E. side. The soil is various, some of it rough ; anJ on the Saco r., which flows through it, is some good land. Incorpora- ted in 1790. It contains 1 store, cap. $4,000 ; 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,500. 4 sell. 258 scholars. Pop. 706. Bartlett, p-o., Wesley t., Washington co., O., 90 E. Columbus, 319 W. Barton, p-t., Orleans co., Vt., 42 n. e. Mont- pelier, 558 W. It is watered by Barton r. and its branches, issuing from several ponds, and afford- ing a good water power. The soil is good. Or- ganized in 1798. Barton r. runs n. into Lake Slemphremagog. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 1 fulling ni., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,900. 6 sch. 135 scholars. Pop. 892. Barton, p-t., Tioga co., IS. Y., 174 s. w. Al- bany, 269 W. Surface hilly, and soil sterile, ex- cept in the valleys. It has the Susquehanna r. on the .s. e., and the Chemung r. on the s. w., which unite a few miles below, in Pa. Cayuga or. runs on its w. boundary. 'V\w village has 1 Methodist church, 3 stores, and 15 or 'M dwel- lings. In the t. are 7 stores, cap. 828,700; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 28 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $22,823. 847 scholars in sch. Pop. 2,321. Barton's, po., Lauderdale co., Ala., 150 n. by w. Tuscaloosa, 795 W. Barton's Cuf.ek, po.. Dickson co., Tenn. Bartonsvili.e, p-o., Monroe co., Pa., 121 n. E. Harrisburg, 214 ^V. Bascouei,, p-v., Jackson co., Ga., 83 n. by w. Milledgeville, ()18 W. Baso.v Haruor, p-v., Ferri.sburg t., Addison CO., Vt., is an important port on the e. side of Lake Champlain, through which a considerable amount of the e.\ports and imports of this region pass. Baskingridge, p-v., Somerset co., N. J., 46 N. by E. Trenton, 216 W. Beautifully situnted in a high, rich, well cultivated and healthy country. It has a Presbyterian churidi, and an academy, formerly very (ciebrated. It was memorable in tlie revolutionary war for the cap- ture of Gen. I,ep, by the Britisli. Bass River IIotei., p-o., Little Egg Harbor t., Burlington co., N. J., 63 s. e. Treiiion, 187 W. Ba.s.sville, p-o., Madison co., Miss., II n. Jackson, 999 W. Batav.a, t., and p-v., capital of Genesee co., N. Y. The surfiice of the t. is level, and the soil sandy and calcareous loani,of agood (juality. The Touawanda cr. flows through tiie I. It has 2 for. com. houses, cap. $12,000 • 20 ret. stores, cap. $114,900 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 1 tan- nery, 1 brewery, 2 flouring m., 3 grist m., 2 saw m , 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. !;?70,875. 3acad. 146 students, 22 sch. 819 scholars. Pop. 4,219. The p v. is 249 w. .Mbany, 374 W. It contains a court house, jail, county clerk's office, state arsenal, and general land office of the Holland Land Company. It has 5 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 2 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — a flour- ishing female seminary, 2 banking houses, 30 stores, shops, and groceries, 1 flouring m., 2 fur- naces, 1 tannery, and 3 printing offices. The Tonawanda railroad e.vtends 32 ms. from Roches- ter, to this place, making a part of the great western chain from Albany. Incorporated 1823, and has :J00 houses. Pop 2,000. Batavia, p-v., Batavia t., Clermont co., O., 103 s. w. Columbus, 474 W. Capital of the county, situated on the n. bank of the e. fork of Little 3Iianu r. In the t. there are 7 stores, cap $19,500 ; 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 5 saw m., 2 print- ing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in man- ufac. $12,105. 4 sch. 187 scholars. Pop. 2,187. Batavia, t., Geauga co., O. Drained by branches of Cuyahoga and Grand rs. It has 1 store, cap. $4,tX)b ; 1 grist m., 2 saw m. 4 sch. 130 scholars. Pop. 771. Batavia, p-o., Kane co.. 111., 184 n. Springfield, 755 W. Batavia. p-t., Branch co., Mich., 117 s. w. De- troit, 565 W. It has 1 saw m., 2 sell. 40 scholars. Pop. 400. Batavia Kill, p-o., Westchester co., N. Y., 77 s. Albany, 350 W. Bateman's Store, p-o., Houston co., Ga., 49 s. s. w. Milledgeville, 705 W. Bates, county, Mo., on the s. w. border of the state, contains 1,160 sq. ms. Drained by Osage r. and branches. Surface undulating, principally prairie. Capital, Batesville. Organized since 1840. Batesville, p-v., Guernsey co., O., Ill e. Co- lumbus, 314 W. Batesville, p-v., temporary capital Bates co.. Mo., (formerly Harmony Missionary Station) on the .\. bank of Osage r. Batesville, p-o., Habersham co., Ga., 163 .\. by w. Milledgcvdle, 603 W. Batesville, p-v., and capital of Independence CO., Ark., 90 n. x\. e. Little Rock, 1,036 W. It contains a court house, a U. S. land office, sev- eral stores anil dwellings. , Bath, p-t., seaport, Lincoln co., Mc, 37 s. Augusta, 577 W. Situated on the w. bank of Kennebec r., twelve miles from the ocean. Pop. 1810, 2,491; 1820, 3,026; 1830, 3.773; 1840, 5.141. Incorporated in 1780. It is pleasantly situated, ami has great advantages for navigation, as the river is here seldom frozen over. It is one of the principal commercial towns in Maine Shipbuilding is an extensive business here. The tonnage of this port in 1840, amounted to 61,035 It contains 2 banks, 3 churches — 2 Congregatioil- alist and 1 Baptist. Steamboats regularly ply between this place and Portland and Boston, three fourths of the year. It contains 75 stores, cap. $223,300 ; 2 furnaces, 2 tanneries, 4 grist in., 15 saw m., (value of ships built $220,000,) 1 print- hig office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manu- fac. $247,500. 5 acad. 170 students, 20 sch. 1,010 scholars. Bath, p-t., Grafton co., N. H., 83 n. w. Con- cord, ,528 W. Situated on the E. bank of Connec- ticut r. Iiicorj)orated in 1761. The Ammonoo- suck r. pas>es through the t., and affords an ex- tensive water power, and has a bridge over it at the V. 350 feet long. The soil on the liills is a BAT 53 BAT reddish loam, on a bed of marl ; on the rivers, it distilleries, 1 flouring m., 10 grist m., 7 saw m., 1 is alluvial and rich. It has 5 stores, cap. $24,000 ; 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 5 saw ra. Cap. in manu- fac. $17,310. 500 scholars in sch. Pop. I,5y5. B.VTH, p-t., and capital Steuben Co., N. Y., 219 w. s. w. Albany, 299 W. The surface is hilly and broken, but the soil good. Watered by Con- hocton r. The v. is .situated on the N. E. side of Conhocton r., 216 w. Albany. Incorporated in 1836. It has a court house, jail, county clerk's oflice, 1 bank, 5 cliurches, 2 Presbyterian, 1 Epis- copal, 1 Methodist, and 1 African, a female sem- inary, and 2U0 dwellings. Pop. 1,400. There are in tlie t., 15 stores, cap. $43,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 6 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 4 grist m., 22 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 printing oflices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $96,785. 26 sch. 1,112 scholars. Pop. 4,915. B.\TH, v., Greenbush t., on the E. side of Hud- son r., opposite the n. part of the city of Albany. It has a sulphur mineral spring, of some celebrity. It contains 1 store, 20 dwellings, and 125 inhabit- ants. A ferry connects it with Albany. Bath, p-v., Northampton co.. Pa., 100 .^. e. Har- risburg, 193 W. It contains 2 stores, 2 grist m., I tannery, and 120 inhabitants. Bath, p-t.. Summit co., O., 129 n. e. Columbus, 342 W. It has 10 sch. 266 scliolars. Pop. 1,425. Bath, a central county of Va. It is watered by the head branches of James, Cowpasture, and Jackson's rivers, has an elevated situation, and contains 756 sq. ms. The surface is rough, and the soil moderately fertile. Capital, Bath. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,707, sheep 10,598, swine 8,099 ; wheat 32,954 bush, produced, rye 26,689, Ind. corn 117,817, buckwheat 4,486, oats 78,668, potatoes 32,498, sugar 39,137 pounds ; 8 stores, cap. $32,300 ; 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 8 flouring m., 31 grist m., 37 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $39,470. 9 sch. 196 scholars. Pop. 1830, 4,008 : 1840, whites 3,170, slaves 347, free col'd 83; total, 4,300. Bath, C. H., p-v., Bath co., Va., 164 w. n. w. Richmond, 201 W. Here is a medicinal spring, called Warm Spring, with a temperature of 96°, and another about 6 ms. s. w., called Hoi Sprbig, v^^lh a temperature of 112°, and at some seasons sufllcienlly hot to boil an egg. They are useful in rheumatic and other complaints. Bath, county, n. E.partof Ky., containing 256 sq. ms. It lies n. e. on Licking r. Capital, Ovviugsville. Pop. whites 7,708, slaves 1,951, free col'd 104; total, 9,763. | Bath, p-v., Beaufort co., N. C, 143 e. by s. Raleigh, 329 W. Bath, p-v., Cass co., HI., 48 w. by n. Spring- field, 828 W. Bath, t., Allen co., O. 4 sch. 91 scholars. Pop. 1,332. Bath, t., Greene co., O. Watered by Mad r. It has 9 stores, cap. $11,350 ; 3 distilleries, 1 brew- ery, 5 flouring m., 3 grist m., 5 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $39,600. Pop. 1,721. Bath, v., Richmond co., Ga., 15 s. w. Augusta, on the s. side of Spirit cr. It contains 1 Presby- terian church, 1 acad. and about 15 houses. The situation is elevated and healthy, and it is resort- ed to in the sickly season. The soil is sandy and the water good. Bath, county, Ky., toward the n. e. part of the state, contains 256 sq. ms. Licking r. runs on its N. E. border. Capital, Owingsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,440, sheep 17,237, swine 30,674 ; wheat 71,122 bush, produced, rye 22,624, Ind. corn 1,029,797, oats 79,942, potatoes 11,781, tobacco 20,223 pounds, sugar 68,430 ; 1 1 stores. Cap. in manufac. $34,090. 22 sch. 562 scholars. Pop. 1830,8,799; 1840, wliites 7,708, slaves 1,951, free cold 104; total, 9,763. Bathes, (Jefferson,) v., Jefferson co.,Ga., near Reedy cr., contains about 20 houses. Baton Rouge, Chester dist., S. C, 67 n. Co- lumbia, 462 W. Baton Rouge, E.\st, pari.'«h. La., on the e. bank of the Mississippi r. It is the first land ele- vated above the overflow, hi ascending the Mis- sissippi. The productions arc cotton, and Indian corn, and some sugar. Capital, Baton Rouge. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,947, sheep 3,690, swine 20,659 ; Ind. corn 180,291 bush, produced, potatoes 23,371, rice 14,550 pounds, tobacco 4,016,183, sugar 2,466,000"; 34 stores, cap. $243,550 ; 3 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manu'.iic. $31,400. 1 college 70 students, 5 acad. 196 students, 7 sch. 168 scholars. Pop. 1830, 6,698; 1810, whites 3,750, slaves 4,206, free col'd 182; total, 8,138. Baton Rouge, p-v., capital of East Baton Rouge parish, La., on the e. bank of the Missis- sippi, 30 above Donaldsonville, 120 above N. Or- leans, 150 below Natchez. It is siiuaied on a bluflf, or high land, extending to the Mississippi, mostly along one street, at the foot of the hill, about 25 feet above high water mark, which is a considerable elevation for this region. It has a court house, jail, penitentiary, 4 cliurches, 1 Pres- byterian, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Roman Catholic, 1 college, 70 students, 3 acad. 166 stu- dents, 3 sch. 198 scholars, 3 banks, 27 stores, 1 printing oflice, and 500 dwellings. Population, 2,269. Baton Rouge, West, parish of La., lies op- posite E. Baton Rouge, on the w. side of the Mis- sissippi r. The surface is almost an entire level. The land on the streams, however, is a little ele- vated above the rest, and is the part, chiefly, which is capable of cultivation, and is very pro- ductive. Cotton is principally cultivated. The remainder is subject to be overflowed. There were in 1840, neat t:attle 2,513, sheep 1,773, swine 2,835 ; Ind. corn 122,971 bush, produced, potatoes 4,149, cotton 3,180,875 pounds, sugar 1,947,400; 5 stores, cap. $18,300 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $15,000; 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,650. 2 acad. 51 students, 4 sch. 42 scholars. Pop. 1830, 3,084 ; 1840, wliites 1,371, slaves 4,638, free col'd 120 ; total, 4,638. ^ Batson's, p-o., Humphreys co., Tenn., 48 w. 'Nashville, 732 W. Battahatchee, r., rises in Alabama, and after a course of 70 ms., enters the Tombigbee, in Mon- roe CO., Miss. Batten Kill, a small r., rises in Vt., and, after a course of 50 ms., enters the Hudson in Washington co., N. Y., li ms. below Fort Miller bridge. It furnishes some good mill seats. Bai'tenville, p-v., Greenwich t., Washing- ton CO., N. Y., 38 N. by e. Albany, 408 W. It has 1 Dutcli Reformed church, 2 stores, 1 cotton fac, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., and 50 dwellings. Pop. 350. Battleboro', p-v., Edgecombe co., N. C, 66 E. by N. Raleigh, 232 W. Battle Creek, p-v., Battle Creek t., Calhoun CO., Mich., 12 N. w. Marshall, 117 w. Detroit, 582 W. Situated at the junction of Battle cr. and Kalamazoo r. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. $22,000 ; 1 furnace, 1 distillery, 2 flouring m., 3 saw 111. Cap. in manufac. $15,200. 1 acad. 20 students, 5 sch. 180 scholars. Pop. 993. Battle Creek, the most considerable branch of Kalamazoo r. It has a winding course of 40 cap. $38,400; 2 furnaces, 1 forge, 4 tanneries, 6 J ms., and furnishes good mill seats BEA Battle Crekk, p-o., Marion co., Tenn., 110 S. E. Nashville, 63S VV". Battle Giiound, p-o., Tippecanoe co., la., 77 N. w. Indiaiuipolis, 633 W. Bavlngton, p o., Washington co., Pa., 223 w. Harrisbiirg, 248 W. Baugiiman, t., Wayne co., O. Drained by Newman's cr. It ha.s 2 stores^, cap. $4,5()0; 1 tannery, 2 saw m. C^ap. in man ufac. §1,250. 4 scIl 152 scholars. Pop. 1,741. Baumstow.v, p-v., Berks co., Pa., GO e. by n. Harrisburg, 153 W. Bav, t., Ottawa co., O., on the w. side of San- dusky r., on Mud cr. bay. It has 1 sch. 26 scho- lars. Pop. 231. BAy.\RD, p-o., Shelby CO., Ky., 31 w. Frank- fort, 573 W. Bayou Chicot, p-v., Calcasieu parish. La., 250 w. N. w. N. Orleans, 1,251 W. Bayou Gould, p-v., Ibberville parish. La. Bayou Rouge Prmrie, p-o., Avoyelles par- ish. La., w. by n. N. Orleans. Bazetta, p-t., TriiiiibuU co., O., 5 e. Warren, 174 N. E. Columbus, 308 W. It is a fine farming t., well cultivated. Beach Branch, p-o., Beaufort dist., S.C., 113 S. Columbia, 619 W. Beach Grove, p-o., Salem t., Luzerne co.. Pa., 104 N. N. E. Harrisburg, 208 W. Situated on the Susquehanna r. Beallsville, p-v., Washington co., Pa., 200 w. Harrisburg, 216 W. It contains 5 stores, and 50 or 60 dwellings. Bealsville, p-v., Sunbury t., Monroe co., C, 127 E. s. E. Columbus, 293 W. Situated on an elevated spot, in the midst of an improved coun- try. It has 1 church, 2 stores, and about 20 dwel- lings. Pop. about 100. Beamsville, p-o.. Dark co., O., 98 w. Colum- bus, 490 W. Bean's Station, p-o., Grainger co., Tenn., 225 E. by N. Nashville, 457 W. Bear's, or Tiffin's or., 54 ms. long, in a direct line, enters the Maumee li ms. above the Au- glaize. Bear Branch, p o., Duplin co., N. C. Bear Creek, p-o., Yancey co., N. C, 239 w. by N. Raleigh, 465 W. Bear Creek, one of the branches of Tennes- see r., rises in Alabama, and enlers the Tennes- see r., after a course of 70 ms. between the states of Alabama and Mississippi. Bear Creek, t., Columbia co.. Pa. It has d stores, cap. $37,000 ; 1 furnace, 2 fulling m., 9 tanneries, 1 pottery, 1 flouring m., 5 grist in., 2 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly news- paper. Cap. in manufac. $14,515. 1 acad. 35 students, 7 sch. 184 scholars. Pop. 1,905. Bear Creek, p-o.. Jay co., la., 106 n. e. In- dianapolis, 529 W. Bear Creek, t., Montgomery co., Mo. Pop. 445. Bear Creek, p-o., Hamilton co.. 111., 166 s. by K. Springfield, 786 W. Bearustown, p-o., Perry co., .Tenn., 79 s. w. Nashville, 763 W. Beardstown, p-v., Cass co., 111., on the e. side of Illinois r., 48 w. by n. Springfield, 826 W. It has 13 stores, a Methodist and an Episcopal church, 2 sch. 73 scholars. Pop. 336. Bearfield, t.. Perry co., O. It has 1 store, cap. $500 ; 3 saw m., 9 sch. 253 scholars. Pop. 1,455. Bear Gap, p-o., Northumberland co., Pa., 76 N. Harrisburg, 186 W. Bear Town, n-o., Lancaster co., Pa., 51 s. e. Harrisburg, 129 W. 54 BEA Beatie's Bluff, p o., Madison co.. Miss., 35 N. by E. Jack.'^on, 1,010 VV. Beattie's Ford, p-6., Lincoln co., N. C, 154 w. by s. Kalcigh, 391 W. Beattie's Prairie, p o., Benton co.. Ark. Beattvstown, p-v., Mansfield t., Warren co., N. J., 58 N. Trenton, '.^19 W. Situated on iMus- coneteong cr., at the w. foot of Schooley's moun- tain, 2 ms. from the mineral s|)ring. It has 1 store, I grist m., 1 saw ni., and 2u dwellings. The land around it is excellent. Beaucoui', p-v., Washington co.. 111., 126 s. Springfield, 801 W. Beaufort, county, N. C. Situated in the e. part of the state, on Pamlico r. and sound. It has an iirea of 67J sq. ms. The surface is low, and at times extensively overilowed. Cotton and rice are the [jrincipal productions. Capital, Washing- ton. There win- in 18 10, neat cuttle 8,191, sheep 4,957, swine 24,7 17 ; wheat 6,333 bush, produced, rye 1,195, liid. corn 153,522, oats 5,055, potatoes 90,225, rice 20,952 lbs., cotton 87, 180, tar, pitch, o.. Person co., N. C. Bergen, county, N. J. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 350 sq. ms. The surface is various ; soil, fertile, especially on the streams. Watered by Hackensack and Saddle rivers. The Palisades on tiie Hudson r. lie in this CO. Capital, Hackensack. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,425, sheep 7,266, swine 8,599 ; wheat 7,221 bush, produced, rye 80,743, Ind. com 86,667, buckwiieat 45,169, oats 79,239, potatoes 127,043 ; products of the dairy. $65,262 ; of the orchard, $57,803; of the garden, $32,494; 34 stores, cap. $31,050; 1 fulling m., 6 cotton fac. 4,398 sp., 9 tanneries, 8 distilleries, 5 paper fac, 47 grist m., 57 saw m. Cap. in manul'ac. $128,733. 1 acad. 25 students, 40 sch. 1,388 scholars. Pop. 1840, 13,223. Bergen, p-t., Genesee co., N. Y., 14 n. w. Ba- tavia, 237 w. Albany, 378 W. The surface is level, and the soil clay loam. Watered by Black cr. The Tonawanda railroad passes through it. The p-v. contains 5 stores and 30 dwellings. Pop. of the v. 200, of the t. 1,832. It has 3 stores, cap. $7,200 ; 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,100. 10 sch. 405 scholars. Bergen, p-t., and capital Hudson co., N. J., 56 N. E. Trenton, 222 W. The surface is partly hilly, and partly marsh; soil, red shale, and fer- tile. The V. is situated on the summit of Bergen ridge, 3 ms. w. Jersey City, has 2 churches, 1 Dutch Reformed, 1 Presbyterian, 2 stores, and 60 houses. The Beacon race course lies a little N. of the village. The court house is about to be erected in the n. part of the t. Settled in 1616 by Danes, who came over with the Hol- landers. There are in the t., 1 furnace, 2 rope fac. Cap. in manufac. $202,300. 14 sch. 670 scholars. Pop. 5,255. Berger's Store, p-o., Pittsylvania co., Va., 163 s. w. Richmond, 233 W. Berkley, p-t., Bristol co., Ms., 37 s. Boston, 18 E. Providence, 424 W. Taken from Dighton in 1735, from wliich it is separated by Taunton r. The soil is light and not fertUe. It has some coasting trade, and some sliip-building. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000; 1 grist ra., 7 sch. 328 scholars. Pop. 886. Berklev, county, Va., in the n. e. part of the state, on the Potomac, contains 392 sq. ms. The surface is uneven and broken. Capital, Martins- burg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,157, sheep 13,092, swine 25,035 ; wheat 287,127 bush, produced, rye 38,005, Ind. corn 390,948, buck- wheat 2,293, oats 135,920 ; 28 stores, cap. $123,200; 7 fulling m.^3 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 7 tanneries, 8 distilleries, 19 flouring m., 30 grist m., 26 saw m., 1 paper fac, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $355,737. 4 acad. 115 students, 18 sch. 612 scholars. Pop. 1830, 10,528 ; 1S40, whiles 8,760, slaves 1,919, iree colored 293 ; total, 10,972. Berkley Springs, p-o., in the village of Bath, Morgan co., Va., 180 n. n. w. Richmond, 101 W. The springs, which are near the village, are but slightly impregnated with mineral ingredients, and the cures whicli they effect are probably ttiiieliy to be attributed to pm'e air, aud a beauti- ful and romaniic scenery. Berks, county, Pa., in thes. e. part of the state, cuMtiiins 1,020 sq. ms. It has a finely diversified .surliice, with mountains on the n. w. and s. e. It is traversoii by Schuylkill r. The soil is fertile. Capital, Reading. There were in 1840, neat cattle :W,803, sheep 21,517, swine 34,095 ; wheat 351,959 bush, produced, rye 449,247, Ind. corn 490,777, buckwheat 58,040, oats 5S5,111, potatoes 224,.591 ; 118 stores, cap. $459,943 ; 11 furnace.^ 36 Ibrges ; 13 lumber yards, cap. $^3,000 ; 16 ftill- ing 111., 7 woollen fac, 52 tanneries, 2 J distilleries, 3 powder m., 3 potteries, 27 flouring m., 114 grist BER 61 BER m., 108 saw m., 15 oil m., 5 paper fac, 1 printing office, 5 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $250,743. 3 acad. 138 students, 25 sch. 1,750 scholars. Pop. 1830, 53,357 ; 1840, 64,569. Berkshire, county, 3Is., the most western in the state. The surface is uneven, as the Green Mountain range, which is here about 1,200 feet high on an average, passes through it. The soil is generally fertile, and particularly adapted to grazing. It is drained by the head branches of the Housatonic and Hoosick rs., which afford valu- able water power. Several of its towns have extensive manufactures. It has a good white marble and iron ore. The railroad from Boston to Albany passes through it. There were in 1840. neat cattle 34,410, sheep 133,942, swine 13,873 ; wheat 30,236 bush, produced, rye 54,547, Ind. com 119,846, buckwheat 13,122, oats 283,164, potatoes 670,876, sugar 234,334 pounds; 106 stores, cap. $255,850 ; 17 fulling m., 10 woollen fac, 25 cotton fac. 34,512 sp., 6 furnaces, 23 tan- neries. 3 distilleries, 1 brewery, 2 powder m., 19 paper fac, 39 grist m., 188 saw m., 3 oil m., 4 printing offices, 3 weekly papers. Cap. in man- ufac. $1,813,749. 1 college 130 students, 12 acad. 522 students, 258 sch. 9,104 scholars. Pop. 1830,37,835; 1840,41,745. Capital, Lenox. Berkshire, p-t., Franklin co., Vt., 65 n. by w. Montpelier, 22 n. e. by E. St. Albans, 31 n. e. by N. Burlington, 562 W. Watered bjr Misisque r. and its branches, which furnish fine intervale land. Pike r., from Canada, affords a good water power. It has 5 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $14,500. 13 sch. 267 scholars. Pop. 1,818. Berkshire, p-t., Tioga co., N. Y., 148 w. s. w. Albany, 13 n. Owego, 291 W. The surface is hilly, and the soil gravelly loam, and very pro- ductive in the valleys. The p-v. is on the E. Owego cr., has 1 Presbyterian and 1 3Ietlx)dist church, 2 stores, an academy, 1 woollen fac, 1 prist m., 1 saw m., 1 tannery, and 45 dwellings. Pop. of the V. 300, of the t. 956. Berkshire, p-t., Delaware co., O., 28 n. Co- lumbus, 398 W. It is one of the richest townships in the county. The v. has an Episcopal church. There are in the t. 7 sch. 210 scholars. Pop. 1,407. Berkshire, p-o., Kane co.. 111. Berkshire Valley, p-v., Jefferson t., Morris CO., N. J., 12 N. w. Morristown, 67 n. Trenton, 238 W. It is a wild rocky spot, through which runs a branch of Rockaway r., which affords water power, and on which are several forges. There is here 1 Presbyterian church. Berlin, p-t, Coos co., N. H., Ill n. Concord, 594 W. The Androscoggin and Amonoosuck rs. pass through it. Settled in 1771 under the name of Maynosborough ; received its present name in 1829. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $1,300. 2 sch. 42 scholars. Pop. 116. Berlin, t., Oxford co., Me., 45 n. w. Augusta. It has 5 sch. 21 1 scholars. Pop. 442. Berlin, p-t., Washington co., Vt., 4 s. Mont- peher, 517 W. Watered by branches of Onion r., which afford good water power. First settled in 1786. It has 1 store, cap. $12,000; 1 fulUng m., 2 flouring m., 5 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,910. 13 sch. 534 scholars. Pop. 1,598. Berlin, p-t., Worcester co., Ms., 15 n. e. Worcester, 34 w. by n. Boston, 413 W. Water- ed by a branch of Assabet r., which affords a good water power. It has 1 store, cap. $10,400 ; 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac f 6,150. 1 acad. 10 students, 5 sch. 229 scholars. Pop. 763. ^ Berlin, p-t., Hartford co., Ct., 10 s. by \v. Hartford, 327 W. Taken from Farmington in 1785. The surface is uneven, and the soil fer- tile. It has the societies of Worthington, Ken- .sington, and IS'ew Britain, the last of which is a considerable manufacturing village. It has e.ic- tensive maTiufactures, panicul.irly of tin ware. The Hartford and iS'ew Haven railroad passes through it. It has 12 stores, cap. $79,100; 1 fulling m., 2 cotton fac. 1,000 sp., 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $330,0.50. 1 acad. 40 students, 16 sch. 724 scholars. Pop. 3.411. Berlin, p-t., Rensselaer co., N. Y., 26 E. Al- bany, 337 W. The v. is on Little floosick cr., has 4 stores, 1 church, 2 m. Pop. 300. At the centre of the t. is another village, settled in 1764 by Germans, which has 1 church, 1 store, and 20 dwellings. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $8,000; 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap in manufac. $8,945. 8 sch. 522 scholars. Pop. 1,794. Berlin, t., Wayne co.. Pa. Drained by Mast- hope, and some small branches of the Lacka- waxen cr. It has 3 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 6 sch. 123 scholars. Pop. 4:88. Berlin, pb.. Brothers Valley t., Somerset, co., Pa., 143 w. by s. Harrisburg, 160 W. Situated on the head waters of Stony cr. It has 1 Lu- theran, and 1 German Reformed church, and con- tains 4 stores, cap. $23,000 ; 4 tanneries, 2 potte- ries. Cap. in manufac. $9,000. 2 sch. 60 schol- ars. Pop. 524. Berlin, t., Milwaukie co.. Wis. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,000. Pop. 199. Berlin, p-v., Worcester co., ftld., 123 s. E. Annapolis, 163 W. Berlin, p-o., Southampton co., Va., 70 s. Richmond, 189 W. Berlin, p-v., Marshall co., Tenn., 43 s. Nash- ville, 705 W. Berlin, t., St. Clair co., Mich. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,000. Pop. 255. Berlin, p-t.. Holmes co., O., 95 n. e. Colum- bus, 337 W. It lies in the e. part of the co., and is 5 miles square. It has 1 pottery, 4 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $3,719. 1 sch. 52 scholars. Pop. 1,149. Berlin, p-v., Sangamon co.. 111., 14 w. by s. Springfield, 794 W. Berlin, t., Erie co., O. It has 12 sch. 575 scholars. Pop. 1,623. Berlin, p-v., Sumter co., Ala. 86 s. w. Tuscaloosa, 904 W. Berlin, p-v., Scott co., Iowa, formerly called Parkhurst. Berlin, t., Knox co., O. Pop. 1,091. Berli.\, p-t., Trumbull co., O., 18 s. w. War- ren, 156 N. E. Columbus, 303 W. Mahoning cr. passes through the t. The soil is excellent. Post office called Berlin Centre. It has 9 sch. 528 scholars. Pop. 1,283. Berlinville, p-o., Berlin t., Huron co., O., 4 e. Norwalk, 108 n. n. e. Columbus, 395 W. Bermudian, p-v., Adams co., Pa., 19 s. by w. Harrisburg, 96 W. Ber.xadotte, p-v., Fulton co.. 111., 65 n. w. Springfield, 843 W. Bernardston, p-t., Franklin co., Ms., 99 w. by N. Boston, 7 n. Greenfield, 409 W. It is on ele- vated ground, between Fall and Coimecticut rs. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,000 ; 2 grist m., 5 saw m., 6 sch. 252 scholars. Pop. 992. Bernard, t., Somerset co., N. J. The surface is hilly or mountainous ; soil, fertile and well cul- tivated. It has 7 stores, cap. $13,600; 1 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 1 distillery, 5 BER 63 BET grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manuiac. $3~,93J. 7 sch. '231 scholars. Pop. 2,05'J. Bernardsville, p-v., Mercer co., N. J. Berne, p-t., Albany co.,N.Y., 23 w. Albany, 393 W. The Helderberg hills here rise precipitously from 100 to 5lX) feet. The valleys are very fertile. Watered by Foxes cr. whicli flows info Schohario cr. It has 9 stores, cap. $23,000 ; 1 fullina; m., 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 22 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,190. 24 schools, 1,106 scholars. Population 3,740. Berxe, t., Athens co., O. Drained by Federal cr. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manul'ac. $3,100. 1 sch. 15 scholars. Pop. 381. Berne, t., Fairfield co., O. Pop. 2,419. Berne, t., Berks co.. Pa. Divided into Upper and Lower Berne townships. Watered by Schuyl- kill r. It has 6 stores, cap. $14,475 ; 3 tanneries, 1 powder m., 1 flouring m., 6 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,275. Pop. 3,149. Berne, p-o., Monroe co., O., 108 e. s. e. Co- lumbus, 297 W. Bernville, p-v.. Lower Berne t., Berks co. Pa., 63 E. by n Harrisburg, 15S W. It contains 1 store, 40 dwellings, and 250 inhabitants. Berrien, county, Mich., in the s. w. corner of the stale, contains 576 sq. ms. Drained chief- ly by St. Joseph's, Pawpaw, and Galien rs. The surface is rolling, but not hilly. The soil on the St. Joseph is a deep black sandy loam, in other parts of the county it is various. The valleys of the rivers are covered with a heavy growth of oak, whitewood, beech, elm, hickory, and sugar maple ; in some parts there is considerable pine. The rivers and creeks furnish excellent mill sites. Capital, St. Joseph. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,934, sheep 2,407, swine 10,067 ; wheat 1 56,685 bush, produced, Ind. com 97,603, buck- I wheat 1,316, barley, 2,792, oats 53,692, potatoes 35,535, sugar 45,560 pounds ; 5 commission houses in for. trade, cap. $25,500 ; 21 stores, cap. 101,300 ; 2 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 1 brewery, 3 flouring m., 7 grist m., 27 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 week- ly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $223,008. 1 college, 38 students, 23 sch. 620 scholars. Pop. 5,011. Berrien Springs, p-v., Berrien t., Berrien co., Mich., 192 s. w. Detroit, 637 W. It is on the w. bank of the St. Joseph r., 15 ms. from its moulh. In the t. there are 4 stores, cap. $16,650 ; 1 dis- tillery, 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,270. 4 sch. 84 scholars. Pop. 543. Berrvsburg, p-v., Mifflin t., Dauphin co., Pa., 39 n. Harrisburg, 149 W. It has 2 stores, and about 20 dwellings. Berry's Ferry, p-o., Clark co., Va., 133 Rich- mond, 64 W. Berry's Lick, p-o., Butler co., Ky. Berrysville, p-v., Knox co., la., 113 s. w. In- dianapolis, 675 W. Berrysville, p-o., Clark co., Va., 158 Rich- mond, 62 W. Berrytovvn, p-v., Kent co., Del., 14 s. by w. Dover, 122 W. Berryville, v., Scott co., 3Iiss., 10 s. Ilills- boro C. H. Bertie, county, N. C, in the n. e. part of the state, contains 1,000 sq. miles. It is bounded s. by Roanoke r. The surface is level, and in some parts marshy. The chief productions are cotton and tobacco. Capital, Wind.sor. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,484, sheep 7,222, swine 39,248 ; wheat 2,H39 bush, produced, Ind. corn 545,2S2, oats 6,504, potatoes 66,444, cotton 2,121,449, tar, pitch, &;c. 22,439 barrels ; 17 stores, cap. $101,000 ; 30 tanneries, 82 distilleries, 24 gnai m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. it'84,957. 14 sch. 224 schol- ars. Pop. 1830, 12,276: 1840, whites 5,144, slaves 6,728, free col'd 303 ; total, 12,175. Bertr.wd, p-t., Berrien co., Mich., 186 w. by s. Detroit, 631 W. The v. is pleasantly situated on the e. bank of the St. Joseph's r., and has con- siderable business. The t. has 2 stores, cap. $27,000; 1 distillery, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $S2,800. 5 sch. 246 scholars. Pop. 1,298. Berwick, p-v., Brier Creek t., Columbia co., Pa., 97 N. by e. Ilarrisbiu-g, 28 s. w. Wilkesbar- re, 207 W. On the n. side of the Susquehanna r., at Niscopeck falls. There is a bridge here over the Susquehanna 1,260 feet long, which cost $52,435. It is pleasantly situated, and has a Methodist church, 5 stores, and 800 inhabitants. The Pennsylvania canal runs through the place. Berwick, t., York co.. Me., 16 n. w. Ports- mouth, N. H., 103 s. w. Augusta. Situated on the Salmon Fall r. It has considerable trade in lumber. Incorporated in 1713. There is a con- siderable village at the falls on the r., called South Berwick, to which vessels come, and which has considerable trade. There are 5 stores, cap. $10,500 ; 4 tanneries, 1 pottery, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,100. 15 sch. 640 scholars. Pop. 1,698. Berwick, t., Adams co.. Pa., 41 s. w. Harris- burg. The surface is level, soil red shale. Watered by Concwago and Beaver creeks. It has 5 stores, cap. $28,500 ; 3 tanneries, 3 distil- leries, 3 flouring m., 3 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 print- ing office, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in man- ■ ulao. $14,190. 6 sch. 493 scholars. Pop. 1,462. Berzei.ia, p-o., Columbia co., Ga., 74 n. e. Milledgeville, 20 w. Augusta, 597 W. It is a depot on the Georgia railroad. Bethabara, v., Stokes co., N. C, 9 s. Ger- manton. It is a Moravian village, has a large church, and 150 inhabitants. Bethania, p-v., Stokes co., N. C, 118 n. vv. by w. Raleigh, 9 s. Germanton, 339 W. It is a Moravian village, containing 1 church, and 200 hihabitants. Bethany, p-t.. New Haven co., Ct.. 46 s. w. Plartford, 316 W. It was taken from the n. part of Woodbridge in 1832. The soil, generally good. In the E. part it is moiuitainous. It has 5 stores, cap. $5,400 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,060. 1 acad. 30 students, 7 sch. 210 scholars. Pop. 1,170. Bethany, p-v., Bethany t., Genesee co., N. Y., 252 w. Albany, 370 W. The surface of the t. is rolling ; soil, sandy loam and clay. Drained by Little Tonawanda and Black crs. The v. con- tains 2 churches, 2 stores, and 35 dwellings. Pop. 200 ; of the I. 2,2^6. It is surromided by a fine agricultural country. Bethany, p-b., Dyberry t., Wayne co.. Pa., 3 N. Honesdalc, 165 n. e. Harrisburg, 272 W., 1 mile w. of Dyberry cr. It contains a court house and fire-proof public ofllces, 1 Presbyterian church and 50 dwellings. It has 8 stores,"cap. $39,200 ; 3 fidling m., 1 tannery, 1 glass fac, 1 glass cut- ting estab., 1 flouring m., 2 prhiting offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $82,000, 1 acad. 36 students, 1 sch. 55 scholars. Pop. 299. Bethany, p-v., Brooke co., Va., 352 n. w. Richmond, 25'J W. Bethany CiifRcii, p-o., Iredell co., N. C, 152 w. Raleigh, 379 W. Bethel, p-i., Oxford co.. Me., 18 n. w. Paris, 63 w. Augusta, 603 W. Incorporated in 1796. It lies on the Androscoggin r., and has a good soil. It contains 1 acad. SO students, 23 sch. 716 scholars. Pop. 1,994. Bethel, p-t., Whidsor co., Vt., 34 s. by w. BET 63 BET Montpelier, 483 W. Chartered in 1779. The surface is broi^en and mountainous, but the soil is fertile. Watered by White r. and its branches. One of these branches affords a fine water power. There is here an inexliaustible quarry of steatite or soap-stone, and a mill for sawing it, and it is variously manufactured, and extensively export- ed. It has 6 stores, cap. $25,000 ; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 3 tannerie.s, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $28,225. 14 sch. 536 scholars. Pop. 1,886. Bethel, p-v., Danbury t., Fairfield co., Ct., 71 s. w. Hartford, 289 W. It is a flourishing manu- facturing village of 50 or 60 houses, and half as many workshops or factories. Hats and combs are the principal articles manufactured. Bethel, p-t., Sullivan co., N. Y., 60 w. New- burg, 121 s. s. w. Albany, 303 W. The surface is hilly, soil gravelly loam, resting on slate. Drained by branches of the Delaware r. There are several large ponds, one of which affords mill seats at ics outlet. It has 3 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $16,500. Pop. 1,483. Bethel, p-t., Berks co.. Pa., 52 e. Harrisburg, 162 W. It has 1 church, used by German Pres- byterians and German Lutherans, and 30 dwel- lings. I has 5 stores, cap. $12,500 ; 1 fidling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tamieries, 4 distilleries, 4 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,700. Pop. 1,458. Bethel, t., Bedford co.. Pa. The surface is mountainous, and the soil calcareous loam. Drained by Great Conoloway cr. and its tributa- ries. It has 1 store, cap. $2,800 ; 1 tannery, 5 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,954. Pop. 1,402. Bethel, t., Delaware co.. Pa. The surface is level ; soil, clay. Watered by Naaman's cr., a branch of Chester cr. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 flouring ra., 3 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,735. Pop. 386. Bethel, t., Clark co., O., in the s. w. cornor of the CO., on the waters of Mad cr. It has 10 sch. 509 scholars. Pop. 2,033. Bethel, p-v., Hertford co., N. C, 169 n. e. Raleigh, 241 W. Bethel, p-v., Glynn co., Ga., 238 s. e. Mil- ledgeville, 747 W. Bethel, t., Posey co., la. Pop. 449. Bethel, p-o., Wilcox co., Ala., 105 s. Tusca- loosa, 897 W. Bethel, t.. Branch co., Mich. 3 sch. 46 schol- ars. Pop. 335. Bethel, p-v., Clermont co., O., 110 s. w. Co- lumbus, 477 W. Bethel, St. Clan- co., I\Iich. Pop. 225. Bethel, p-o., Morgan co.. 111., 45 Springfield, 825 W. Bethel, t., Monroe co., O. Pop. 515. Bethel, t,, Miami co., O., on the e. side of Miami r. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 2 saw m. 6 sch. 294 scholars. Pop. 1,574. Bethel, v., Wayne co., Ga., on the s. side of Turtle r. It contains a Methodist church, and about 12 dwellings. Bethel, t., Lebanon co.. Pa. The surface is mountainous in the n., level in the s. ; soil chiefly gravel. Watered by Swatara cr. and its branches. The v. contams 2 churches — 1 German Presby- terian and 1 German Lutheran. The t. has 4 stores, cap. $16,500 ; 1 fiu-nace, 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 3 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manu- re. $10,937. 3 sch. 149 scholars. Pop. 1,662. Bethesda, p-o., Williamson co., Tenn. Bethlehem, p-t., Grafton co., N. H., 83 n. w. Concord, 549 W. Incorporated in 1799. Watered by Great Amonoosuc r. The soil ia fertile, and among tlie natural growth is pine and the sugar maple. Some mountain and bog iron ore is found. It has mineral springs. It contains 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,850. 11 sch. 285 schol- ars. Pop. 779. Bethlehem, p-t., Hunterdon co., N. J., 40 n. by w. Trenton, 202 W. Surliace hilly and mountainous on the n. ; soil, clay, red shale, and loam. It has a Presbyterian church, 5 stores, cap. .$16,850; 4 tanneries, 5 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $7,725. 6 sch. 166 scholars. Pop. 2,370. Bethlehem, t., Albany co., N. Y., 5 s. Alba- ny. The soil is various ; along Hudson r. are some alluvial flats. Watered by Normanslull, Vlamanskill, and Coeymans crs., which afford some water power. It has 7 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 4 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $29,060. 800 schol- ars in sch. Pop. 3,238. Bethlehem, p-b., Northampton co., Pa., 48 w. of N. Philadelphia, 93 e. Harrisburg, 186 W. Settled by the Moravians, under Count Zinzen- dorf, in 1741. The borough, which is character- ized by great neatness and order, is on the n. bank of the Lehigh r., at the mouth of the Manokicy cr. The ground rises gradually from the r. and the cr., and gives a commanding situa- tion to the V. It is compact^ built on a street running n. and s., and two other streets proceed- ing E. from the main street. It contains a large stone church, in the Gotliic style, 142 feet long and 68 feet wide, witli a small tower rising from the centre, and surmounted by a dome. There is a burying ground to the N. E. of the village, laid out with great neatness and taste, in whicli the graves have the heads to the n. There are about 200 dwelling houses, besides other build- ings. Here is a bridge over the Lehigh 400 feet long. Tliis place has long been celebrated for a female school of a high order, conducted by the Aloravians, in which many highly respectable ladies of the Middle states have received their education. The Leliigh canal passes along the r., through the lower part of the place. It con- tains 4 stores, cap. $16,500 ; 1 furnace, 2 tarme- ries, 1 distillery, 1 brewery, 4 flouring m., 5 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $88,000. 1 col- lege, 8 students, 2 acad. 175 students, 2 sch. 169 scholars. Pop. 2,989. Bethlehe.m, p-t., Stark co., O., on the Tus- carawas r., near the Ohio canal. It has some good water power. The soil is good. The land is rolling on the e. side of the r., and hilly on the w. It has 3 sch. 82 scholars. Pop. 2,019. Bethlehe.m, t., Coshocton co., O. Drained by Walhonding r. Pop. 827. Bethlehem, p-v., Clark co., la., on the w. bank of the Ohio r., 26 Louisville, Ky., 104 s. by e. Indianapolis, 585 W. Bethlehem, v., Oglethorpe co., Ga., 65 n. n. E. Milledgeville. Contains a Presbyterian church, an academy, and several dwellings. Bethlehem Cross Roads, p-o., Southampton CO., Va., 80 s. by e. Richmond, 199 W. Bethlem, p-t., Litchfield co., Ct., 43 w. s. w. Hartford, 32 n. w. by w. New Haven, 315 W. The surface is liilly, and the soil a fertile gravelly loam. It is a, small t. 4i miles long by 4 wide, containing 18 sq. miles. The head waters of Pomperaug r., a branch of the Housa- tonic r., afford some water power. The village contains 2 churches — 1 Congregational and 1 Episcopal — 2 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 distilleries, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in man ufac. $3,230. 9 sch. 200 scholars. Pop. 776. BIG 64 BIG Bethsaida, p-0., Cole co., 111., 88 E. s. e. Springfield, 696. , Bettsville, p-o., Seneca co., O., 101 n. Co- lumbus, 433 W. Bevans, p-o., Sussex co., N. J., 96 n. Trenton, 253 W. Bevansville, no., Alleghany co., Md., 144 N. w. by w. Annapolis, 112 W. Beverly, p-t., Essex co., Ms., 16 n. e. Bo^n, 456 W. It lies n. of Salem, to which it is con- nected by a bridge 1,500 feet long. The inhabi- tants are chielly employed in commerce and the fisheries, though they have also considerable manufactures. Incorporated in 1G88. Thev. has4 churches — 2 Congregational, 1 Baptist, and 1 Unitarian — a hank, and an insurance office. There are in the 1. 1 com. house, cap. $10,000 ; 22 stores, cap. $43,000 ; 1 rope fac, 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $33,500. 1 acad. 20 students, 10 sch. 828 scholars. Pop. 4,6S9. Beverly, p-v., capital of Randolph co., Va., 205 N. w. Richmond, 232 W., on the Eastern Fork of the Monongahela r. It is laid out in 3 parallel streets, and has a court house, jail, and county offices, and about 20 dwellings. The country immediately around it is well cultivated, and for several miles in every direction, appears like an extended village. Beverly, p-v., Anson co., N. C, 149 s. w. Raieigli, 406 W. Beverly, p-t., Washington co., O., 87 s. e. Columbus, 321 W. Pop. 315. Beverly, p-o., Adams co., 111., 78 w. Spring- field, 858 W. Bevis' Tavern, p-o., Hamilton co., O., 114 s. w. Columbus, 504 W. Bexar, p-o., Coweta co., Ga., w. by n. Mil- ledgeville. Bibb, county, Ga., in the central part of the state, contains 450 sq. ms. Drained by the Oc- mulgee r. The soil in the s. part is sandy, in the N. red loam. Capital, Macon. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,137, sheep 1,173, swine 7,913; wheat 4,.560 bush, produced, Ind. corn 143,145, oats 5,660, potatoes 8,370, cotton 1,261,000 pounds; 9 commission houses in for. trade, cap. $75,000 ; 82 stores, cap. $385,000; 9 lumber yards, cap. 7,590 ; 9 grist m., 1 1 saw m., 3 printing offices, 1 bindery, 1 periodical, 3 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $132,100. 1 college, 150 students, 3 acad. 200 students, 2 sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 1830, 7,154 ; 1840, wliites 5,355, slaves 4,420, free col'd 27 ; total, 9,802. Bibb, county, Ala., in the central part of the state, contains 800 sq. ms. Drained by the Ca- hawba r. Capital, Centreville. There were in 1340, neat cattle 8,711, sheep 2,310, swine 11,480 ; wheat 23,418 bush, produced, rye 1,263, Ind. corn 235,237, oats 20,533, potatoes 16,158, tobacco 7,724 pounds, cotton 268,403 ; 5 stores, cap. $13,700; 3 forges, 1 cotton fac. 984 sp., 2 tanneries, 10 distil- leries, 2 flouring m., 27 grist m., 21 sawm. Cap. in manufac. $37,122. 15 sch. 418 scholars. Pop. 1830, 6,306 ; 1340, whites 6,256, slaves 2,023, free col'd 5 ; total, 8,284. BicKLEv's Mills, po., Russell co., Va., 333 w. by s. Richmond, 397 W. BiDDEFORD, t., York CO., Me., is on the s. side of Saco r., and connected with the town of Saco by a bridge. It extends to the ocean, and has a revolving liglit off the mouth of the Saco r. It has 15 stores, cap. $7,500 ; 1 furnace, 1 fiiUing m., 2 tanneries, 1 pottery, 2 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,450. 13 sch. 563 scholars. Pop. 2,571. Big Beaver, t., Beaver co.. Pa. It has 3 stores, cap. 4,500 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,350. 9 sch. 295 scholars. Pop. 1,339. Big Bend, p-o., Venango co., Pa. Big Black, r.. Miss., has a course of 160 miles, and falls into the Mississippi. Big Blue r., rises in the Indian territory, and enters the Missouri in Jackson co. Big Blue, p-o., Jackson co.. Mo., 153 w. N. w. Jeflferson city, 1,079 W. Big Brook, p-o., Western t, Oneida co., N. Y., 104 w. by N. Albany, 404 W. BiGBYviLLE, p-o., Maury co., Tenn., 60 s. by w. Nashville, 732 W. Big Coal, p-o., Kanhawa co., Va. ]?iG Creek, p-o., Stokes co., N. C, 142 n. w. Raleigh, 313 W. Big Creek, i>t., Phillips co.. Ark., 103 e. Lit- tle Rock, 1,030 W. It has 2 grist m., 1 sch. 10 scholars. Pop. 392. Big Creek, p-o., Johnson co., Mo., 118 w. by N. Jefferson city. 1,050 W. Big Creek, t., Van Buren co., Mo., 3 sch. 82 scholars. Pop. 1,106. Big Creek, t., Crawford co.. Ark. Pop. 225. Big Creek, t., Rives co.. Mo. It has 2 sch. 36 scholars. Pop. 431. Big Creek, a small branch of White r., Ark. Bigelow's Mill, p-o., Laporte co., la., 140 n. by w. Indianapolis, 674 W. Big Eagle, p-o., Scott co., Ky. Big Equinunck, p-o., Wayne co.. Pa., 95 n. E. Ilarrisburg, 291 W. Big Flats, p-t., Chemung co., N. Y., 204 s. w. Albany, 5 w. Elmira, 234 W. Surface generally uneven, excepting on the r. Watered by Che- mung r. and its brandies. Tlie navigable feeder of Cliemung canal, and the New York and Erie railroad pass through the t. The v. is on the n. side of the Chemung r., and contains 1 Presbyte- rian and 1 Episcopal ciiurch, 2 stores, 30 dwel- lings and 2tX) inhabitants. There are in the t., 3 stores, cap. $10,200; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 brewery, 8 saw ni. Cap. in manufac. $14,600. 7 sch. 335 scholars. Pop. 1,375. Big IIatchv, r., Tenn., after a course of 100 ms. falls into the Mississippi in Tipton co. Big Hollow, p-o., Windham t., Greene co^ N. Y., 54 s. by w. Albany, 361 W. Big Island, p-t., Marion co., O., 47 w. by n. Columbus, 421 W. The v. contains several stores and 25 or 30 dwellings. In the t. are 1 tannerj-, 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,400. 3 sch. 120 scholars. Pop. of the t. 554. [}ig I.ick, t., Hancock co., O. 2 sch. 74 scho- lars. Pop. 43i). Big Lick, p-o., Roanoke co., Va., 172 w. Rich- mond, 241 W. Big Mills, p-o., Dorchester co., Md., 75 s. E. Vnnapolis, 115 VV. Big Prairie, t.. New Madrid CO., Mo. lacad. 25 students. Pop. 624. Big Prairie, p-o., Clinton t., Wayne co., O., 84 N. e. Cohunbus, 353 W. Big River Mills, p-o., St. Francis co.. Mo., 149 s. E. Jefferson city, 911 W. Big River, t., Jefferson co.. Mo. It has 1 sch 18 scholars. Pop. 965. Big Rock, p-o., Sumter co., Ala., 121 s. w, Tuscaloosa, 939 W. Big Sandy, river, formed by the jimction of e. and w. Forks, rises in Virginia, and enters the Ohio at Catletsburg, Ky. It forms, in its E. Fork, the boundary between Va. and Ky., for nearly 200 ms. Big Spring, p-o., Wilson co.. Term., 39 K. Nashville, 645 W. Big Spring, p-o., Breckenridge co., Ky. BIR 65 BLA Big Spring, p-o., 3Iontgomery co., Mo., 50 n. K. Jefferson city, 9U0 W. Big Springs, t., Seneca co., O. Contains 3 stores, cap. $1,300 ; 3 sch. 101 scholars. Pop. 925. Big Spring, p-o., Laporte co., la., 151 n. by w. Indianapolis, 654 W. Big Si-RiNG Point, p-v.,Starkeyt., Yates CO., N. v., 192 w. Albany, 311 W. Big Swamp, p-o., Bladen co., N. C, 120 s. Ra- leigh, 408 W. Big Valley, p-o., Anderson co., Tenn., 184 E. by N. Nashville, 510 W. Big W.\lnut, r., an easterly branch of the Scioto r., O., 55 ms. long. Big Woods, p-o., Calcasieu par., La. Billeric.-v, p-t, Middlesex co., Ms., 18 n. w. Boston, 7 s. s. e. Lowell, 450 W. Watered by Concord and Shawsheen rs., wliich afford good water power. It has a pleasant village in the centre, on elevated ground, which contains an academy. The soil is good and well cultivated, and it lias considerable manufactures. Tlie Mid- dlesex canal and Boston and Lowell railroad pass through the e. part of the t. It contains 3 churches, 1 Congregationalist, 1 Baptist, and 1 Unitarian. It has 6 stores, cap. $7,300 ; 2 fulling m., 2 wool- len fac, 8 forges, 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 3 grist m., 6sawm. Cap. in manufac. $41,700. 1 acad. 35 students, 10 sch. 340 scholars. Pop. 1,632. BiLLiNGSviLLE, p-o., Uiuon CO., la., 74 E.bys. Indianapolis, 512 W. BiLoxi, p-v., Harrison co.. Miss., 227 s. e. Jack- son, 1,155 W. Situated on Biloxi bay, which sets up from Pascagoula bay, on the Gulf of fliexico. BiLTON, p-o., Logan co., Va., 376 w. Richmond, 413 W. Bingham, p-t., Somerset co.. Me., 60 n. Augus- ta, 26 n. Norridgewock, 655 W. Situated on the E. side of Kennebec r. It has 3 stores, cap. $3,700 ; 2 grist m., 2 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. §3,700. 10 sch. 358 scholars. Pop. 751. Bingham, p-t.. Potter co., Pa., 181 n. w. Har- risburg, 295 W. It has 3 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. §2,900. 5 sch. 98 scholars. Pop. 453. Bingham, t., Clinton co., Mich. Binghamto.n, p-v., Chenango t., capital of Broome co., iN . Y., 138 s. w. Albany, 296 W. Sit- uat€;d at the junction of the Chenango and Sus- quehanna rivers. Incorporated in 1813, and has a court house, jail, county clerk's office, an acade- my, 9 churches, 2 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 2 IMelhodist, 1 Roman Catholic, and 2 African. It has 45 stores, 4 warehouses, 2 flour- ing m., 4 saw m., 1 furnace, 1 stave factory, 2 plaster m., 2 tanneries, 1 plough factory, 1 cloih- dressing establishment, 1 gun and rifle factory, 2 urinting offices, and various other manufactures. The Chenango canal connects it with the Erie canal at Utica, and the New York and Erie rail- road will pass through it. There is a bridge here over the Susquehanna, and another over the Che- nango. It is surrounded by a rich agricultural country, and exports a large amount of lumber. Pop. 2,800. BiRCiiETTSviLLE, p-o., Cleveland co., N. C. Birch Pond, p-o., Fayette co., Tenn., 199 s. W. by w. Nashville, 884 W. Birch River, p-o., Nicholas co., Va., 330 n. w. by w. Richmond, 302 W. BiRUSALL, p-t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 225 w. by s. Albany, 8 n. e. Angelica, 336 W. The sur- face is undulating and the soil clay loam. Drained by Black cr. It has 1 saw m., 3 sch. 105 scholars Pop. 328. BiRDsviLLE, p-v., Burke co., Ga., 74 e. Mil- ledgeville, 636 W. Birmingham, p-b.. Warrior Mark t., Hunting- don CO., Pa.. 107 N. w. by w. Harrisburg, 166 W., on the w. branch of the Little Juniata r. There is a lead nune and iron ore near the v. It has 1 chmch, 40 houses ; 6 stores, cap. $13,650. Cap. ui manufac. $4,787. Pop. 235. Birmingham, t., Delaware co.. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 1 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 9 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. In manufac. $16,060. 3 sch. 59 scholars. Pop. 605. Birmingham, t., Chester co.. Pa., has 1 store, cap. 2,500 ; 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $2,460. 2 sch. 137 scliolars. Pop. 312. Birmingham, p-v., Florence t., Erie co., O., 115 N. by E. Columbus, 338 W. Situated on the w. bank of Vermillion r. It contains 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 forge, several stores, and various me- chanic shops, and is a growing village. Birmingham, p-v., Oakland co., Mich., 19 N w. Detroit, 513 W. It is pleasantly situated on one of the head branches of Rouge r. It has 4 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 furnace, and is flourishing. Birmingham, borough, St. Clair t., Alleghany CO., Pa. (See Pittsburg.) Bishopsville, p-v., Sumpter dist. S. C, 87 n. E. by E. Columbia, 495 W. Bissell's, p-o., Geauga co., O., 149 n. e. Co- lumbus, 337 W. Bistinead, lake, Claiborne par.. La., 35 miles long, and about 2 wide, receives Dachect r., and connects with the Red r., the waters of which it receives as a reservoir, in the wet season, and discharges them in the dry. Bivingsville, p-o., Spartanburg dist., S. C, 101 n. w. Columbia, 469 W. Black, t., Posey co., la. It has 10 stores, cap. $186,000 ; 2 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 3 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 printmg ofl'ice, 1 weekly newspaper Cap. in manufac. $12,500. 10 sch. 300 scholars. Pop. 2,526. Blackberry, p-o., Kane co., Bl. Black Bird, p-o., New Castle co., Del., 18 n Dover, 13S W. Black Brook, p-t., Clinton co., N. Y., 20 s. w. Plattsburg, 158 n. Albany, 533 W. Surface, hilly and mountainous, covered with forests, and abounds in iron ore. Drained by the Saranac and Au Sable rs., and Black brook. It has 6 stores, cap. $14,400 ; 4 forges, 1 tannery, 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,850. 2 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 1,064. Black Creek, p-v., New Hudson t., Allegha- ny CO., N. Y., 275 w. by s. Albany, 325 W. The V. lias 1 store, 1 church, and 12 or 15 dwellings. Black Creek, rises in New Hudson t., Alle- ghany CO., N. Y., and runs n. e. into the Gene- see r. The Genesee Valley canal follows the valley of this cr. a considerable distance, after leavuig the Genesee r. Black Creek, p-o., Wayne co., N. C, 73 s. E. Raleigh, 281 W. Black Creek, p-o., Scriven co., Ga., 128 e. by s. Milledgeville, 650 W. Black Creek, t., Mercer co., O. Pop. 339. Black Creek, p-o., Sullivan co., la., 96 s. w. Indianapolis, 663 W. Blackface, p-o., Noltaway co., Va. Blackford, county, la., toward the n. e. part of the state, contains 182 sq. ins. Established in 1838. The soil is generally good, and in the s. part excellent. Drained by Salamanie r. and several small crs. Capital, Blacld'ord C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,015, sheep 240, swine 2,902; wheat 3,-.i59 bush, produced, Iiid. corn 22,753, oats 1,579, potatoes 3,377, sugar 746 lbs., 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Pop. 1,226. BLA 66 BLA Blackford, C. H., p-v., Hartford t, capital of Blackford co., la., 81 n. e. Indianapolis, 552 W. Black Hawk, p-o., Beaver co., Pa. Black Hawk, p-o., Carroll co., Mss., 77 n. Jackson, 994 W. Black Hawk, p-t., Shelby co., la., 34 s. e. Indianapolis, 577 W. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,500 ; Pop. 102. Black Hole, p-o., Lycoming co.. Pa., 87 n. by W. Harrisburg, 197 W. Black House, p-o., Chester t., Chester co.. Pa., 57 s. E. Harrisburg, 127 W. Black Horse, p-o., Hartford co., Md., 57 n. by E. Annapolis, 67 W. Black Legs, p-o., Indiana co., Pa., 175 w. by N. Harrisburg, 215 W. Blackleysville, p-v., Plain t, Wayne co., O., 94 N. E. Columbus, 353 W. Black Oak, p-o., Cliarleston dist, S. C, 139 s E. by s. Columbia, 527 W. Black Oak, p-o., Tallahatcliie co., 3Iiss., 128 Jackson, 975 W. Black, r., Windsor co., Vt., 35 ms. long, enters Connecticut r. at Springfield. Black, r., Lorain co., O., formed of 2 branches, which unite half a mile below Elyria. Just above their junction, they have each a fall of 45 feet, affording fine mill seats. The imited stream en- ters Lake Erie. Black, r., N. Y., the third in size which flows wholly within the state. It rises in Herkimer co., and after a course of 108 ms., falls into Black r. bay at the foot of Lake Ontario. At Leyden, in the s. E. part of Lewis county, the r. falls 63 feet, from which to Carthage, in the s. e. part of Jeffer- son CO., a distance of 40 ms., the r. is navigable for boats. Below Carthage to its moutli, it has many rapids, and cannot be navigated. The land on its borders, in its lower parts, is exceedingly fertile, and has a dense population. From the foot of the falls of Leyden, the Black r. canal ex- tends to the Erie canal at Rome, which, with the river navigation to Cartilage, will, when complet- ed, make a distance in the whole, of 85 miles. Black, r., N. C, one of the e. branches of Cape Fear r., which it enters 23 ms. above Wil- mington. Black, r., S. C, the s. w. branch of Great Pe- dee r., which it enters 3 ms. above Georgetown. Black, r.. Ark., rises in Missouri, and after re- ceiving several large rivers from the n. w., enters White r. 80 ms. from the n. boundary of Arkan- sas. Black, r., Mich., has a course of 18 ms., and discharges its waters into L. Michigan, between Allegan and Ottawa counties. 5 ms. from its mouth, it expands into Black lake, but contracts to its usual breadth before entering the lake. A fine harbor might be made at its mouth. Black River, p-t., Lorain co., O., 130 n. n. e. Columbus, 387 W. It is a small t., wliich lies on both sides of Black r., and adjoins Lake Erie. The V. at the mouth of the r. on Lake Erie, has a good harbor, and considerable trade. The t. contains 1 foreign commission house, cap. $50,001) ; 4 retail stores, caj). $10,750; 2 lumber yards, cap. $38,000. Cap. in manufac. $8,000. 3 sch. 07 scholars. Pop. 668. BLACKRivERjt., St. Francisco., Mo. Pop. 101. Black River, t., Wasliington co., Mo. It has 1 Bch. 20 scholars. Pop. 685. Black River, t., Wayne co.. Mo. Pop. 528. Black River, t.. Independence co.. Ark. It has 1 grist m. Pop. 476. Black River, t., Lawrence co.. Ark. Pop. 100. Black River, p-o., Rutland t., Jefferson co., N. Y. Black River Chapel, p-o.. New Hanover CO., N. C, 126 s. by e. Raleigh, 356 W. Black Rock, p-v., Black Rock t., Erie co., N. Y., near the foot of Lake Erie, 24- ms. below the city of Buffido, of which it may be considered a suburb, and with whicii it is connected by a rail- road;2y0 Albany by land, 316 by the Erie canal, 383 W. Incorporated 1837. It contains 300 dwellings, and about 1,800 inhabitjints. It has 1 cliurcii, 10 stores and groceries, 5 warehouses, 4 flouring m. with 25 run of stones, 2 saw m., 2 oU m., 2 distilleries, 1 iron foundry, 1 machine shop, and various other manufacturing establishments. The harbor is formed by an immense stone pier, or mole, projecting into Niagara r., built by the slate of New York, for the double purpose of forming a safe and convenient harbor for vessels on the lake, and canal boats which here enter the lake, and also for securing to the Erie canal an abundance of water, directly from the lake, east- ward, as far as 3Iontczuma, nearly half its entire length. By means ol' the mole, an immense wa- ter power is obtained at Black Rock Tliere were received in 1840, 511,984 bushels of wheat, and 214,700 barrels of flour manufactured. There is a ferry here across to Waterloo in Canada. Black Rock, t., Erie co., N. Y. It extends on 3 sides of Buffalo, from which it is centrally distant 3 ms. The surface is mostly undulating, with an alluvial soil intermixed with clay. Squaw and Strawberry islands, each containing about 100 acres, belong to this t. It has 10 sch. 396 scholars. Pop. 3,625. Black Rock, p-o., Rappaharmock co^ Va., 131 N. N. w. Richmond, 83 W. Blacks, p-o., Waldo co.. Me., 53 e. Augusta, 647 W. Blacks and Whites, p-o., Nottaway co., Va., 60 s. w. Richmond, 179 W. Black's Bluff, p-o., Wilcox co., Ala., 109 s. by E. Tuscaloosa, 901 W. Blacksburg, p-o., Montgomery co., Va., 212 s. w. Richmond, 278 W. Blacksnake Hills, p-o., Buchanan co., Mo. Black Stocks, p-o., Chester dist., S. C, 46 N. by w. Columbia, 463 W. Blackstone, p-o., Worcester CO., Mass,, 40 s. w. Boston. 418 W. Blackstone, r., or Pawtucket, rises in Wor- cester CO., Mass., and enters Providence, R. I., where it affords a great water power, and has given birth to numerous factories. The Black- stxme canal from Worcester to Providence, fol- lows the course of this r. Tliis canal is 45 miles long, was completed in 1829, and cost l?700,000. Black's Store, p-o., 1'^ppuh co.. Miss., 224 Jackson, 8.58 W. Blacksville, p-v., Monongalia co., Va., 300 N. w. Richmond, '^33 W. Situated at the junc- tion of Robert's Rmi and Drunkard's cr., 50 miles from its entrance into the Monoiigahela r. The village is on the Ime between Va. and Pa., and contains 2 stores, 1 tannery, several mechanic sliops, and 12 or 14 dwellings. The creek is navigable to this place, and boat building is car- ried on. The country around is uneven, but very lerlile. Black Swamps, p-o., Sandusky co., O., 113 N. Columbus, 431 W. Blackville, p-o., Barnwell dist., S. C, 90 s. s. w. Columbia, 594 W. Black Walnut, p-o., HaUfax co.,A'^a., 138 s. w. Richmond, 225 W. Black Warrior, r., Ala., is formed by 2head branches. Locust Fork or Eastern Branch, and Mulberry r., which imite in the s. w. part of Jackson co. Below their junction the r. passes BLA 67 BLE Tuscaloosa, and after a course of 80 miles enters the Tombigbee. The whole course of the r. to its extreme source is about 160 ms. It is navi- gable for steamboats to Tuscaloosa, and for boats much further. Blackwater, r., Merrimac cc, N. H., enters the Contoocook in Hopkinton. Blackwater, r., Va., rises in Prince George county, and after a course of about 70 ms. enters the Notlaway r. nearly on the boundary between Va. and N. C. Blackwater,!., Pettis CO., Mo. Pop. 197. Blackwater, p-o., Kemper co.. Miss., 224 w. N. w. Jackson, 858 W. Blackwater, p-o., Johnston county, Mo., 110 Jefferson city, 1,046 W. Blackwells, p-o., Caswell co., N. C, 94 n. W. Raleigh, 270 W. Blackwell's Island, in the East river, op- posite New York. It is the seat of the city peni- tentiary. There is a lunatic asylum on the n. end. Bladen, county, N. C, is in the s. part of the state, and contains 1,200 sq. miles. Drained by Cape Fear r. It has Scmth r., a branch of Cape Fear r., on its n. e. boundary. Capital, Elizabeth. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,789, sheep 5,855, swine 21,668 ; wheat 1,519 bushels produced, In- dian corn 180,705, oats 4,954, potatoes 55,141, rice 74,787 pounds, cotton 58,193, tar, pitch, &c. 14,281 barrels; 11 stores, cap. $29,600; 18 dis- tilleries, 83 grist m., 21 saw m. 1 acad. 11 stu- dents, 23 sch. 384 scholars. Pop. 1830, 7,801 ; 1840, whites 4,317, slaves 3,413, free col'd 292 ; total, 8,022. Bladensbijug, p-v., Prince George co., Md., 6 N. E., Washington, a little s. of the railroad to Baltimore, 34 w. Annapolis. It has 3 churches- 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist — an academy, 8 stores, 60 dwellings, 1 (louring m., 1 grist m. Pop. 400. There is a mineral spring in the village. The country around is fertile, producing tobacco, Indian corn, &c. Bladensburg, p-o., Knox county, Ohio, 61 n. E. Columbus, 362 W. Blandford, t., Hampden co.,Ms., 114 w. Bos- ton. Incorporated in 1741. Branches of West- field r. produce water power. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,000; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 paper iac, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $26,200. 7 sch. 236 scholars. Pop. 1,427. Blaine, p-o., LawTcnce co., Ky., 139 e. Frank- fort, 455 W. Blaine's Cross Roads, p-o.. Granger county, Tenn., 202 e. Nashville, 480 W. Blair's Ferry, p-o., Roane coimty, Tenn., 165 E. Nashville, 582 W. Blairstown, p-o., Warren co., N. J., 74 n. by w. Trenton, 229 W. Blairsville, p-b., Indiana CO., Pa., 171 w. by N. Harrisburg, 199 W. Incorporated in 1825. It is on Kiskiminitas r., at the junction of Black Lick cr., and on the line of the Pennsylvania and Ohio canal. It has some substantial brick and stone buildings, 5 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Methodist, 1 German Lutheran, and 1 Roman Catholic; 14 stores, cap. $45,900; 1 furnace, 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly news- paper. Cap. in manufac. $17,500; 1 school, 255 scholars. Pop. 990. Blairsville, p-o., York dist., S. C, 88 n. Co- lumbia, 440 W. Blairsville, p-v., capital of Union co., Ga., 118 N. N. w. Milledgeville, 617 W. Blairsville, p-v., Posey co., la., 183 s. yv. Indianapolis. 741 W. Blakeley, p-t., Luzerne co.. Pa., 150 n. e. Harrisburg, 254 W. Watered by Lacka wan- nock r. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,300; 2 flouring m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,300. 4 sch. 160 scholars. Pop. 570. Blakely, p-o., Stokes co., N. C, 127 N. w. Raleigh, 307 W. Blakely, p-v., capital of Early co., Ga., 203 s. w. Milledgeville, 850 W. It contains a court house, jail, an academy, and 8 dwellings. Blakely, p-v., port of entry, and cap. of Bald- win CO., Ala., situated on the E. side of the Ten- saw r., the E. outlet of Mobile r., opposite to Mo- bile. The harbor admits vessels drawing 11 feet of water. The town stands on a healthy and pleasant spot, and is well supplied with good water. It contains a court house, 10 stores, and many neat dwellings. Blanchard, p-t., Piscatiquis co.. Me., 73 N. by E. Augusta, 668 W. Blanchard's Fork, the e. branch of Auglaize r., Ohio. Blanchard's Bridge, p-v., Blanchard t., Han- cock county, O., 80 n. by w. Columbus, 451 W. Tha village coiUains 71 inhabitants. In the t. are 4 sch. 215 scholars. Pop. 629. Blanchard, t., Hardin co., O. Drained by Blanchard's Fork of Auglaize river, and has 1 saw m. Pop. 241. Blanchard, t., Putnam co., O. Pop. 683. Blanchard, t., Hancock co., O. Pop. 74. Blanchester, p-o., Marion t., Clinton county, O., 80 N. by w. Augusta, 668 W. Bland's Mills, p-o., Ohio co., Ky., 149 s. w Frankfort, 691 W. Blanev, p-o., Bradford co.. Pa, 155 n. Harris- burg, 266 W. Blanford, p-t., Hampden co., Ms., 110 w. by s. Boston, 370 W. Watered by branches of Westfield r., which afford good water power. The surface is uneven and the soil fertile. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,000; 1 fulling m., 1 wool- len fac, 2 tanneries, 1 paper fac, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $36,200. 7 sch. 235 scholars. Pop. 1,427. Blauveltville, p-v., Orangetown t., Rock- land CO., N. Y., 131 s. Albany, 259 W. Blawenburg, p-o., Somerset co., N. J., 15 n by E. Trenton, 187 W. Bledsoe, county, Tenn., in the s. e. part of the state, contains about 500 sq. miles. Drained principally by Sequatchie r. Surface tmeven — in some parts mountainous. Capital, Pike- ville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,798, sheep 3,802, swine 27,709 ; wheat 22,932 bushels produced, rye 2,357, Indian corn 341,014, oats 64,739, potatoes 7,622, tobacco 7,241 pounds, cot- ton 8,028 ; 14 stores, cap. $33,000 ; 6 tanneries, 14 distilleries, 15 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,350. 1 acad. 30 students, 8 sch. 215 scholars. Pop. 1830, 4,648 ; 1840, whites 5,010, slaves 533, free col'd 128; total, 5,676. Bleeker, p-t., Fulton co., N. Y. The surface is hilly and mountainous, and but little cultivated. Drained by Caroga cr., and some tributaries of Sacondaga r. It has 1 tannery, 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,475. 4 sch. 72 scholars. Pop. 346. Blendon, p-t., Franklin co., O., 11 n. Colum- bus, 404 W. Incorporated in 1815, by the name of Harrison ; changed in 1824. Drained by Alum and Big Walnut creeks, which furnish mill seats. It constituted a part of the United States military lands. It has 1 acad. 50 students, 2 sch. 188 scholars. Pop. 972. Blenden Institute, p-v., Franklin co., O. Blenham, Schoharie co., IV. Y. 4 stores, cap. $3,500 ; 2 lulling m., 1 woollen fac, 3 tanneries. BLO 68 BLO 2 grist m., 18 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $35,900. 1 acad. 25 students, 19 sch. 728 scholars. Pop. 2,7-25. Blissfield, p-v., Blissfield t., Lenawee re, Mich., 71 s. w. Detroit, 48'J W. Situated on the N. hank of tlie Raisin r., on the Erie and Kala- mazoo railroad, and has 4 stores and 60 dwell- ings. It has 4 sell. 141 scholars. Pop. 778. Bli.ssvim.e, p-o., Jefferson co.. 111. Block Island, constitutes the town.ship of Nevvshoreliani, Newport co., R. I. It lies in the Atlantic ocean, 14 s. s. w. Point Judith. It is 8 miles long, and from 2 to 4 broad. Tlie surface is uneven, and some parts of it elevated ; the soil is sandy and gravelly loam, and fertile. There are several ponds on the island. Tlie people are chiefly employed in fishing, though llie island was formerly celebrated for its cattle and its dairies. It has no harbor. Licorporated in 1672. Blockley, t., Philadelphia co.. Pa. The surface is gently inclined; soil, sandy loam. Watered by Mill and Cobb creeks. It has elegant country seats on the Schuylkill r. It contains the county almshouse ; 2 foreign commission stores, cap. §3.500; 16 ret. stores, cap. S15,700; 3 fulling m., 4 woollen fac.,3 cotton fac. 728 sp., 3 dyeing and printing cstab., 1 ropewalk, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m.,3sawm. Cap. in manufac. 8116,600. lacad. 14 students, 6 scliools, 370 scholars. Pop. 3,318. Bloody Run, p-v.. Providence t, Bedlord co.. Pa., 'J5 w. by s. Harrisburg, 121 W. Situated on the s. side of Roystown branch of Juniata r., and contains 1 i\lethodist church, of stone, 2 stores, and 25 or 30 dwellings. Bloom, p-t., Seneca co., O., 86 n. Columbus, 420 W. VVatered by Honey cr. It has 1 store, rap. $100 ; 2 grist m., 6 saw ni., 8 sch. 127 schol- ars. Pop. 1,168. Bloom, t., Columbia co., Pa., 10 N. e. Dan- ville. Watered by Susquehanna r. and Fishing cr. Surface level, and .'•■oil sandy and calcareous loam. The v. is on Fishing cr. It has 10 stores, cap. $50,000; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tan- neries, 1 distillery, 1 poltery, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 2 printing oflices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $37,160. 1 acad. 20 students, 6 sch. 260 sciiolars. Pop. 1,774. Bloom, t., IMorgan co., O., on the Bluskingnm r. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,^57 ; 3 saw m., 7 sch. 250 scholars. Pop. 1,388. Bloom, t., Sciota county, O. It has G sch. 96 scholars. Pop. 913. Bloom, t., Fairfield co., O. Pop. 2,301. Bloom, t.. Wood co., Ohio. It has 2 sch. 3G scholars. Pop. 398. Bloomfield, p-t., Somerset co.. Me., 35 n. Augusta, 630 W. It lies on the Kennebec river, incorporated in 1814, and is an excellent town- ship of land. It has 1 store, cap. $6,000 ; 1 tan- nery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $14,800. 1 acad. 50 students, 8 sch. 442 schol- ars. Pop. 1,093. Bloomfield, p-t., Essex county, Vt., 90 n. e. Monlpclier, 587 W. It lies on ihe w. side of Connecticut r., and is watered by branches of Nidlicgan r. It has 1 saw m., 2 sch. 62 scholars. Pop. 179. Bloomfield, p-t., Hartford co., Ct., 7 n. w. Hartford, 343 W. Incorporated 1835. Formed from Farmington, Windsor, and Siinshury, and formerly known as a parish of the former, by the name of Wintonbury. Drained by Wood river, which unites with Mill r., and enters the Con- necticut, in the city ol' Ilarlford. The soil is fer- tile and well cultivated. It contauis 1 Congre- galionalist and 1 Baptist church ; 2 stores, cap. $9,000; 1 woollen fac, 1 tannerj', 1 grist m., I saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,400. 5 sch. 123 scholars. Pop. 986. Bloomfield, p-t., Essex co., N. J., 54 n. e. Trenton, 4 n. Newark, 224 W. Tlie village has 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian and 2 Methodist — 12 stores, an academy, 2 woollen fac, 1 maho- gany saw m., 1 cotton fac, 1 calico pruning works, 2 saw m., 1 paper m., 1 grist m., and 30O dwell- ings. Pop. about 1,800. There are in the town, one fulling m., 1 dyeing and printing estab., 1 tan- nen% 1 distillery, 3 paper fac. Cap. in manu- fac' $1 1 1,000. 2 acad. 60 students, 8 schools, 255 scholars. Pop. 2,528. Bloomfield, p-v., Bloomfield t., Crawford co., Pa., 243 N. vv. Harrisburg, 324 W. It has 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $35,400. 4 sch. 76 scholars. Pop. 564. Bloomfield, v., capital Jimiatat., Perry CO., Pa. It has 1 acad. 20 students, 1 scliool, 116 scholars. Pop. 412. (See New Bloomfield.) Bloomfield. p-v., Loudon county, Va., 135 N. Richmond, 54 W. Bloomfield, p-v., Nelson coimty, Ky., 43 s. vv. Frankfort, 585 W. Bloo.m field, p-t., Knox co., O., 46 n. n. e. Columbus, 391 W. Pop. 1,251. Bloo.mfield, t.. La Grange co., la. It has 3 saw m., 2 sch. 37 scholars. "Pop. 307. Bloomfield, p-v., capital of Greene co., la., 74 s. w. Indianapolis, 641 W. Situated on the E. side of the w. branch of \Vliite river. It con- tains a court house, 2 churches, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist, a seminary, and 6 stores. Pop. 700. Bloomfield, p-v., Edgar co., 111., 128 e. by s. Springfield, 662 W. Bloomfield, p-v., capital of Stoddard co.. Mo., 233 s. E. Jefferson city, 957 W. It contains a court house and several dwellings. Bloomfield, t., Oakland co., Mich. Drained by the n. brancli of Rouge r. It has 3 stores, cap. §6,000; 1 fulling m., 2 distilleries, 3 flouring m., 3 grist m„ 1 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $5'^,180. 8 sch. 500 scholars. Pop. 1,508. Bloomfield, t., Trumbull co., O., 15 n. War- ren, 175 N. E. Columbus. Pop. 554. Bloomfield, t., Richland county, O., 15 s. E. Mansfield, 60 n. e. Columbus. Pop. 1,294. Bloomfield, t., Logan co., Ohio. Pop. 565. Bloo.mfield, t., Jackson co., O. Drained by brancli of Racoon cr. It has 2 saw m., 1 sch. 15 scholars. Pop. 721. Bloomingdukg, p-v., Mamakating t., SuUivan county, N. Y., 23 w. Newburgh, 100 s. w. by s. Albany, 285 W. Incorporated in 1833. It ha.s 1 Dutch Reibrmed and 1 Associate Reformed churcli, 5 stores, 80 dwellings, and 500 inhabi- tiints. It is surrounded by a fertile country, and is a pleasant village. Bloomingburg, p-v., Paint t., Fayette co., O., 45 s. s. w. Columbus, 246 W. Bloomingdale, p-o., Jefferson co., 0., 124 E. N. E. Columbus, 279 W. Bloo.mingdale, p-o., Dupage co., 111., 211 n. .\. E. Springfield, 740 W. Blooming Grove, p-t., Orange county, N. Y., 94 s. Albany, 285 W. The post office is in the village of WashingtonviUe. The siu-face of the t. is umhilating, hilly or mountainous. Scunne- munk mt., a part of the Highlands, occupies the s. E. jiart. Drained by Murderer's cr. The soil is clay and sandy loam, and very productive. It has 1() sell. 484 scholars. Pop. 2,396. Blooming Grove, p-o., Montgomery county, Tenii. JiLOOMiNG Grove, p-o., FranlUin co., la., 79 s. E. Indianapolis, 525 W. BLO B'LOOMiNGTON, p-v., Capital of Monroe co., la., I 49 s. w. Indianapolis, 616 W. The village con- tains the county buildings, 5 churches — 1 Asso- ciate Reformed, 1 Prefibyterian, 1 New School Covenanters, 1 Methodist, and 1 Christian — the buildings of the Indiana University, a county female academy, 330 dwellings, and 1,550 inhabi- tants. The Indiana University was founded in 1827. It has a president and 4 professors, or other instructors, 50 students, and over 1,700 vols, in its liljraries. Commencement, last Wednesday in September. BLOOMiNGTON, p-v., McLcan CO., 111., 73 N. N. E. Springfield, 744 W. It is beautifully situated on the margin of a fine prairie, has 12 stores, a handsome academy, 2 churches — 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist. The surrounding country is delightful. Bloomington, p-v., capital of Muscatine co., Iowa, 910 VV. 320 above St. Louis. It is plea- santly situated on the w. bank of the Mississippi. Established in 1836. It has a courthouse which cost $13,000, a jail, 10 stores, 2 churches — 1 Pres- byterian and 1 Methodist — and several mechanic shops. Pop. about 600. Bloomington, p-v., capital of Macon co., Mo., 106 N. Jefferson city, 989 W. 6 e. Chariton river, and 2 w. of the E. fork of Chariton r. It has a court house and several dwellings. Bloomington, p-o.. Van Buren co., Ark., 110 N. Little Rock, 1,100 W. Bloomington, t., Buchanan co., Mo. It has 1 school, 25 scholars. Pop. 922. Blooming Valley, p-o., Crawford co., Pa., 240 N. w. Harrisburg, 313 W. Bloomingville, p-v., Oxford t., Erie co., O., 121 N. by E. Columbus, 431 W. Bloomsburg, p-v., Columbia co.. Pa., 87 n. by E. Harrisburg, 197 W. It is pleasantly situ- ated on the w. side of the e. or main branch of Susquehanna r. Pop. 600. Bloomsburgh, p-v., Halifax co., Va., 140 s. w. by w. Richmond, 227 W^. Bloomsbury, p-v., Warren co., N. J., 43 n. n. w. Trenton, 202 W. It is pleasantly situated on both sides of Musconetcong cr., and lies partly in Hunterdon co. It contains a cotton fac, 1 oil m., several grist m., and 50 dwellings. Bloomville, p-v., Delaware co., N. Y., 74 s. AV. Albany, 344 W. It is on the w. branch of the Delaware r., and contains 1 Methodist church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 25 dwellings, and 150 inhabitants. Bloomsville, p-o., Seneca co., O., 86 n. Co- lumbus, 412 W. Blossburg, p-v., Tioga county. Pa., 133 n. n. w. Harrisburg, 243 W. In its vicinity is the celebrated Blossburg coal mine, (bituminous.) A railroad connects this place with Coming, N. Y., whence there is a continuous lake and canal navigation to Albany. Blount, county, Ala., in the middle of the n. part of the state, contains 1,650 sq. miles. Wa- tered by the head waters of the Black Warrior r. The suriace is uneven, and the soil indif- ferent. Capital, Blountsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,045, sheep 2,040, swine 18,316; wheat 15,014 bushels produced, Ind. corn 249,681, oats 20,213, potatoes 6,824, tobacco 5,633 pounds, cotton 169,949 ; 11 stores, cap. 13,330; 5 tanneries, 8 distilleries, 8 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manu- factures $7,235. 8 sch. 154 scholars. Pop. 1830, 4,233 ; 1840, wliites 5,225, slaves 344, free col'd 1 ; total, 5,570. Blount, county, Tenn., in the e. part of the state, bordering on N.Carolina. It contains 900 sq. miles. The surface is broken, but the soil is ^9 BUT fertile. Capital, Marysville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,053, sheep 11,068, swine 32,439 ; wheat 95,22J bush, produced, Ind. com 510,3J7, oats 131,465, potatoes 12,829, tobacco 10,059 pounds, cotton 27,23.^, 9 stores, cap. $42,600 ; 2 forges, 1 cotton fac. 204 sp., 13 tan- neries, 13 distilleries, 14 flouring m., 14 grist m., 18 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $65,775. 1 college, 40 students, 1 acad. 25 students, 12 sch. 262 scholars. Pop. 1830, 11,028, 1840, whites 10,661, slaves 945, free col'd 136; total, 11,745. Blount Springs, p-o., Blount co., Ala., 88 n. E. Tuscaloo.-a, 740 W. Blountsville, p-o., Jones co., Ga., 16 w MiUedgeville, 661 W. Blountsville, p-v., capital of Blount co., Ala., 104 N. E. Tuscaloosa, 734 W. Situated on the w. side of the Locust Fork of Black Warrior r. It contains 1 Methodist church, 1 academy, 2 stores, 25 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants, Blountsville, p-v., capital of Sullivan co., Tenn., 28S e. by n. Nashville, 394 W. It con- tains a court house and several dwellings. Blountsville, p-v., Henry co., la., 72 e. by N. Indianapolis, 535 W. Blue Ball, p-o., Lancaster co.. Pa., 47 s. e Harrisburg, 125 W. Blue Ball, p-o-, Cecil co., Md., 81 s. E. An- napolis, 91 W. Blue Bell, p-o., Montgomery co.. Pa., 95 e. Harrisburg, 158 W. Blue Grass, p-o., Scott co., Iowa. Blue Hill, p-t., Hancock co.. Me., 75 e. Augu.sta, 12 E. by n. Castine, 671 W. The v. is situated on a bay, from which, between Burnt- coat, Deer, and other islands and the main land, is a parage into the Penobscot bay. From a hill near the v. a beautiful view is presented of the surrounding country. It has 10 stores, cap. $13,050 ; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $29,956. 1 acad. 72 students, 17 sch. 731 scholars. Pop. 1,891. Blue House, p-o., Colleton dist., S. C, 111 s. by E. Columbia, 600 W. Blue Island, p-o.. Cook co., HI., 200 n. n. e. Springfield, 735 W. Blue Lick, p-o., Clarke co., la., 112 s. by e. Indianapolis, 613 W. Blue Mountain, t., Izard co., Ark. Pop. 301. Blue Ridge, or South Mountains, the eastern range of the Alleghany mountains, branching off from the main range in N. Carolina, crossing the state of Virginia, and extending to the Highlands on the Hudson r., N. Y. The peaks of Otter, the most elevated summits, are in Bedford co., Va., and the altitude of the eastern peak, mea- sured from its base, is nearly 4,000 feet, 30 ms. w. by N. Lynchburg. Blue Ridge, p-o., Botetourt co., Va. Blue River, t., Hancock co., la. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 731. Blue River, p-o., Iowa co., Wis., 72 s. s. w. Madison, 904 W. Blue River, t., Harrison co., la. It has 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Pop. 1,429. Blue Rock, p-t., Muslungum co., O., 65 e. Columbus, 346 W. It lies on both sides of Mus- kingum r. It has 10 or 12 salt fac. Pop. 1,083. Blue Spring, p-o., Stewart co., Tenn., 61 w. N. w. Nashville, 746 W. Blue Spring Grove, p-o.. Barren co., Ky., 110 s. s. w. Frankfort, 633 W. Blue Stone, p-o., Tazewell co., Va., 279 w. by s. Richmond, 325 W. Blue Sulphur Springs, p-o.. Green Brier CO., Va., 227 n. by w. Riclimond, 264 W. Theso BOI 70 BOL springs are much. resorted to as a watering place. They are 22 ms. w. of the White Sulphur Springs, which are still more frequented. The buildings are of brick, pleasantly ranged roinid a square, and are sufficient to entertain very com- modiously 400 persons. It occupies a valley, and is surrounded on 3 sides by mountains, pre- senting wild and picturesque scenery. There is no village, and only 3 lamilies reside here. There is 1 store, and a Presbyterian church. These springs are useful in those complaints to which sulphurous waters are applicable. Blue Wing, p-o., Granville co., N. C, 69 n. Raleigh, 246 W. Bluff, p-o., Mercer co., 111., 142 n. n. w. Springfield, 872 W. Bluff Dale, p-o., Greene co., 111., 78 s. w. Springfield 843 W. Bluff Grove, p-o., Grundy co., Mo. Bluff Port, p-o., Sumter co., Ala., 76 s. w. Tuscaloosa, 891 W. Bluff Spring, p-o., Talbot co., Ga., 104 E. s. E. Milledgeville, 726 W. Bluffton, p-v., capital of Wells co., la., 107 N. N. E. Indianapolis, 549 W. Blythe, t., Marion co., Ark. Pop. 275. Blythe, t., Caldwell co., Mo. Pop. 410. Blytheville, p-o., Newton co.. Mo. Boalsburg, p-v., Ferguson t.. Centre co.. Pa., 84 N. w. Harrisburg, 176 W. Situated on the main branch of Spring cr. It has 1 Lutheran church, 1 grist m., 1 store, and 25 dwellhigs. BoARDMAN, p-t., Trumbull co., O., 170 n. e. Columbus, 287 W. Drained by Mill, Indian, and Yellow creeks. The surface is undulating, and the soil is good, and there is no waste land in the t. It has 6 sch. 320 scholars. Pop. 929. BoDENHA.M, p-v., Giles CO., Term., 82 s. by w. Nashville, 742 W. Boeuff, t., Franklin co.. Mo. Pop. 1,662. BoEUFF, r.. Ark. and La., after a course of about 180 ms. joins the Washita, in lat.31° 47' n. BoEUFF, Bayou, or cr. of La., rises in Rapide par., s. w. of Alexandria, and separates into 2 channels, one of which connects with Red r., but divides, the w. branch forming the Bayou de Glaze, which enters the Atchafalaya. The main branch still further w. imites with the Crocodile r. to form tho Courtableau r., wliich is a navigable stream to its entrance into the Atclia- falaya. The land on its borders is very fertile. BoGGEss's Cross Roads, p-o., Meigs co., Tenn., 158 Nashville, 550 W. Boggs, t., Clearfield co., Pa. Situated on the main ridge of the Alleghany. Soil, slate and gravelly limestone. Pop. 295. Bogle's, p-o., Iredell co., N. C, 165 w. Ra- leigh, 403 W. Bogue Chito, r., a w. branch of Pearl r., rises in Miss., but runs chiefly in La., and after a course of 90 ms., joins Pearl r. about 25 ms. above its mouth. Bogue Chitto, p-o., Dallas co., Ala., 89 s. s. E. Tuscaloosa, 872 W. BoHE.MiA, a large creek in Maryland, which enters Elk r. 4 or 5 miles above its entrance into Chesapeake Bay. Boiling Spring, p-o., Fentress co., Tenn., 133 E. N. E. Nashville, 571 W. Bois Blanc, Island, Lake Huron, s. E. of Mackinaw, 10 ms. long and 3 broad in its widest part. The soil in the lower part is sandy, but the greater part is fertile. It has a light-house on its E. point. Bois d'Arc, t., Hemstead co., Ark. It has 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 sch. 22 scholars. Pop. 326. BoKES Creek, t., Logan co., O. It has 1 sch. 21 scholars. Pop. 222. Bo land's, p-o., Itawamba co., Miss. Bolen's Mills, p-o., Athens co., O., 83 s. E Columbus, 353 W. Boligee, p-o., Greene co., Ala., 52 s. s. w. Tus- caloosa, 870 W. Bolington, p-o., Loudon co., Va., 163 n. Rich- mond, 44 W. Bolivar, county. Miss., lies in the w. part of the state, on the Mississippi r. It contains 1,700 sq. miles. Drained by Simfiower r. Capital, Bolivar. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,414, sheep 173, swine 2,605 ; Ind. corn 42,350 bush, produced, potatoes 5,015, cotton 274,155 pounds; 1 sch. 14 scholars. Pop. wliites 384, slaves 971, free col'd 1 ; total, 1,356. Bolivar, p-t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 15 e. An- gelica, 285 w. s. w. Albany, 312 W. Organized in 1825. The surface is elevated and undulating ; the soil, sandy loam. Drained by several small creeks. Tiie v. lias 1 store, and about 20 dwell- ings. There are in the t. 2 stores, cap. $6,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manul'ac. $6,850. 1 sch. 27 scholars. Pop. 408. Bolivar, p-o., Westmoreland co., Pa., 165 w. Harrisburg. 191 W. Situated on the s. side of Conemaugh r. It has 1 store, 1 forge, and 20 dwellings. Bolivar, p-v., Lavwence t., Tuscarawas co., O., 8 N. New Pliiladelphia, 118 n. e. Columbus, 321 W. It is situated on the Ohio canal, on the w. side of Tuscarawas r. Organized in 1826. Bolivar, p-v., Robeson co., N. C, 112 s. by w. Raleigh, 400 W. Bolivar, p-v., capital of Hardeman co., Tenn., 162 s. w. Nashville, 847 W. Situated on the s. side of Big Hatchee r., H mile distant from it. It contains a court house, jail, 3 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist — 2 academies, and about 500 inhabitants. Bolivar, p-v., capital of Polk co.. Mo., 132 s. w. Jefferson city, 1,063 W. It is situated 4 ms. w. Pomme de Terre r. It contains a court house, jail, Methodist church, and about 150 inhabitants. Bolivar, p-o., capital of Bolivar co.. Miss. Situated on the E. bank of the Mississippi r., with Lake Bolivar on the s. BoLivER,p-o., Poinsett CO., Ark., 147 E. N. E. Little Rock, 902 W. Bolivia, t.. Gasconade co., Mo. Pop. 779. Bolivia, t., Jefferson co.. Ark. It has 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Pop. 485. IJolster's 3Iills, p-o., Cumberland co., Me., 63 s. w. Augusta, 578 W. Bolton, p-t., Chittenden co., Vt., 19 n. n. w. Montpeher, 15 e. s. e. Burlington, 521 W. This t. is very mountainous and broken. It lies on the western range of the Green mountains ; and excepting along Onion r., which passes through it, much of it is incapable of cultivation. The arable soil is fertile. It has 4 saw m., 3 sch. 70 scholars. Pop. 470. Bolton, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 33 w. Boston, 419 W. It lies between Concord and Nashua rivers. The surface is varied, and the soil fertile. It has 3 stores, cap. $12,500 ; 2 tan- neries, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac 9,700. 8 sch. 298 scholars. Pop. 1,186. Bolton, p-t., Tolland co., Ct. Incorporated in 1720. It lies on an elevated range of hills, and is drained by branches of Hop river. The soil is a gravelly loam, and is better suited for grazing than for tillage. It has 2 stores, cap. ?i>4,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 distillery, 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,310. 5 sch. 220 scholars. Pop. 739. Bolton, p-t, Warren co., N. Y., 73 n. Albany, BOS 71 BOS 446 W. The surface is hilly and mountainous, and the soil moderately fertile, but heavily tim- bered. It has Lake George on tlie e. and several large ponds in the interior, and is drained by Schroon r., a branch of the Hudson r. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 powder m., 1 grist m., 13 saw m., 8 sch. 279 schol- ars. Pop. 937. Bolton Depot, p-o.. Hinds co.. Miss. BoLTO.wiLi.E, p-o.. Orange co., Vt., 35 s. E. Montpelier, 527 W. Bombay, p-t., Franklin co., N. Y., 15 n. e. Malone, 232 n. Albany, 552 W. Surface gen- erally level. Drained by Little Salmon and St Kegis rivers. It contains the reservation and settlement of the St. Regis Indians, on the St. Lawrence r. Near the p-o. is a settlement of whites, which has 1 church, 4 stores, and 20 or 30 dwellings. There are in the t., 6 stores, cap. $19,700; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,415. 9 sch. 344 scholars. Pop. 1,446. BoN.iP.\RTE, p-o.. Van Buren co., Iowa. BoN Air Springs, p-o., White co., Tenn., 88 E. s. E. Nashville, 592 W. Bond, county, Illinois, contains 360 sq. ms. Organized in 1817. Drained by Shoal cr., a branch of Kaskaskia r. Capital, Greenville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,723, sheep 5,397, swine 15,998 ; wheat 25,722 bush, produced, rye 1,540, Ind. com 209,130, oats 23,450, pota- toes 7,486, tobacco 3,665 pounds ; 10 stores, cap. $9,106 ; 2 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 10 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $27,128. 12 sch. 324 scholars. Pop. 5,060. BoNDviLLE, p-o., Colmnbia co., Pa., 76 n. Harrisburg, 186 VV. Bonne Fem.me, t., Howard co.. Mo. 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 988. Bonne Homme, t., St. Genevieve co.. Mo. Pop. 436. Bonne Homme, t, St. Louis co.. Mo., 1 acad. 40 students, 3 sch. 92 scholars. Pop. 2,516. Bonnet C.\rre, p-o., capital of St. Jn. Bap- tist par.. La., 38 w. N. Orleans, 1,210 W. On a remarkable bend in the 3Iississippi, denomina ted Bonnet Carre, (square bonnet.) Bono, p-o., Lawrence co., la., 89 s. by w. In- dianapolis, 620 W. Bookersville, p-o., Wilkes co., Ga. BooNE, county, Ky., in the extreme n. part of the state, has the Ohio r. on the n. and w., and contains about 300 sq. ms. The surface is une- ven, and the soil productive. Capital, Burling- ton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,843, sheep 15,619, swine 34,592 ; wheat 101,502 bush, produced, rye 7,977, Ind. corn 555,270, oats 59,423, potatoes 13,310, tobacco l,43i),247 pounds ; 30 stores, cap. $153,845 ; 4 distilleries, 2 tanneries 4 flouring m., 19 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $112,12U. 3 acad., 4 sch. 65 scholars. Pop. 1830,9,075; 1840, whites 7,824, slaves 2,183, free col'd 27 ; total, 10,034. Boone, county, la., in the central part of the state, contains 408 sq. ms. The surface is gener- ally level, containing woodland, interspersed ■with wet and dry prairies. The soil is excellent. Drained by branches of Sugar and Racoon creeks. Capital, Lebanon. There were in 1640, neat cattle 10,3S1, sheep 6,245, swkie 20,109; wheat 35,017 bush, produced, rye 1,256, Ind com 247,752, oats 40,017, potatoes 14,865, 360 tons hemp & flax, tobacco 4,097 pounds, sugar 92,135; 12 stores, cap. $21,663; 5 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 9 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. m manu- fac. $23,405. 13 sch. 298 scholars. Pop. 8,121. Boone, county, 111., is situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 400 sq. ms. The sur- face is undulating, and consists of prairie and limber land. The soil is excellent. Drained by Kishwaukee r., and its branches. Capital, Bel- videre. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,684, sheep 5-^9, swine 5, 091 ; wheat 19,873 bush, pro- duced, Ind. corn 30,792, oats 23,318, potatoes 498,16, tobacco 1,148 pounds; 2 stores cap. $6,000 ; 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,150. 9 sell. 253 scholars. Pop. 1, 705. BooNE, county, Mo., in the central part of the state, contains 690 sq. ms. Drained by Rock and Cedar crs. Capital, Columbia. Situated about 130 w. by n. St. Louis. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,915, sheep 18,166, swine 37,900; wheat 44,411 bush, produced, rye 8,894, Ind. corn 506,672, oats 74,945, potatoes 19,514, 72 tons hemp & flax, tobacco 1,714,663 pounds, sugar 54,442; 27 stores, cap, $325,820; 11 tan- neries, 20 distilleries, 46 grist m., 17 saw m,, 1 printing office, 1 newspaper. Cap. in manufac. 19-2,211. 1 college, 15 students, 3 acad. 114 stu- dents, 32 sch. 1,033 scholars. Pop. 1830, 8,859 ; 1840, whites 10,529, slaves 3,008, free col'd 24 ; total, 13,561. Boone, t., Warrick co., la., 4 sch. 120 schol- ars. Pop. 1,722. Boone t., Harrison co., la. It has 3 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 2 grist m., 4 saw m., 2 sch. 58 schol- ars. Pop 2,058. BooNE, t., Franklin co., Mo. It has 2 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 669. BooNESBOROUGH, p-v., Washington co., Md., 91 s. s. w. Annapolis, 51 W. It is situated on the w. base of S. mountain, and contains about 25 buildings. BooNESBOROUGir, p-v. Madison co., Ky., 53 s. s. w. Frankfort, 534 W. It is situated on Ken- tucky r. BooNESBORo', p-o., Boone co.. Mo. Boone's Creek, p-o., Washington co., Tenn. Boone's Hill, p-o,, Lincoln co,, Tenn. BooNK Lick, t., Howard co. Pop. 1,005. Boone's Mills, p-o., Franlilin co., Va., 175 s. w. by w. Richmond, 250 W. Booneville, p-t., Oneida co., N. Y., 28 n. Utica, 114 w. N. w. Albany, 419 W. The sur- face is hilly, and the soil clay loam on lime. Drained by Black r. and the head waters of the Mohawk. The v. is situated on the Black river canal, 31 n. Utica. Mill cr., which enters into Black r., affords water power. It has 2 churches, 5 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 tannery, 1 clo- thier's works, 80 dwellings, and about 600 inhabi- tants. Pop. of the t. 5,516. Booneville, p-v., capital Scott co., Ark., 120 w. by n. Little Rock, 1,185 W. Booneville, p-v., capital of Warrick co., la., 173 s. s. w. Indianapolis, 707 W. Situated be- tween Pigeon and Cypress crs. It has 1 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 240. Booneville, city p-v., and capital of Cooper CO., Mo,, 50 N, w. Jefferson city, 964 W. Situ- ated on the s. bank of Missouri r. Its foundation is limestone rock. It has a handsome court house and clerk's office, a Methodist church, 15 stores, 2 rope walks, and various mechanic shops It has considerable trade, and exports cattle and provisions. There are in the t. 2 acad. 108 stu- dents, 2 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 2,581. Boonhill, p-o., Johnson co., N. C, 37 s. E Raleigh, 295 W. Boonsboro', p-o., Ogle co., III., 182 n. Spruig- field, 842 W, BooTiiiiAY, p-t, Lincoln co.. Me., 40 s. by E. Augusta, 601 W. It lies between the Sheepscot and Damariscotta rivers, which maj here be re- BOS 72 BOS garded as arms of llie sea, having the ocean on the s. It has an excellent harbor. There are 18 stores, cap. .$15,250 ; 457 pert-dns employed in the fisheries, cap. $79,015 ; 1 fulluig m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 3saw m. Cap. in manufac. $19,055. 9sch. 1,111 scholars. Pop. 2,631. BooTHSviLLE, p-o., Harrlsoii cc, Va., 270 n. W.Richmond, 218 W. BooTo.v, p-o., Genesee co., Mich., 67 n. n. w. Detroit, 589 W. Booton's Tan Yard, p-o., Madison co., Va., 92 N. w. Richmond, 104 W. BoRDEAU.x, p-o., Abbeville dist., S. C, 105 n. by w. Columbia, 553 W. BoRDEAU.x, p-o., Avoyelles par.. La. BoRDENTOWN, p-b., Clicsterfield t., Burlington CO., N. J., 7 R. E. Trenton, 1G8 W. Situated on the E. bank of the Delaware r., built on a plain 65 feet above the surface of the r., and lias 3 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, 1 Friends — 5 stores, 200 dwellings, and about 1,800 inhabi- tants. The Camden and Amboy railroad passes through the place, by a viaduct beneath its prin- cipal streets. Incorporated in 1825. It is a very neat and healthy place. Joseph Bonaparte, (Count de Sur\'eilliers,) chose it as the place of his residence wliile in the United States, and erected a splendid mansion, surrounded by ex- tensive and highly ornamented grounds. This place is a favorite resort of the people of Philadel- phia in the summer season. The oiUlet of the Delaw'are and Raritan canal is in front of the v. Borden Spring, p-o., Lowndes co., Miss., 158 N.E.Jackson, 873 W. BoRDLEY, p-v.. Union co., Ky., 224 s. of w. Frankfort, 765 W. BoRGNE, lake or bay, connects with the Gulf of Mexico by Pascagoula sound, and on the n. w. with Lake Pontchartrain by two passes. It is about 40 ms. long and 15 broad. Borodino, p-o., SpafTord t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 150 w. by N. Albany, 339 W. Borodino, p-o., Wayne co., Mich., 29 s. De- troit, 533 W. Boscawen, p-t., Merrimac co., N. H., 9 n. w. Concord, 490 W . It is situated on the w. side of Merrimac r. Blackwater r. passes through tlie t., and affords fine mill seats. The surface is gen- erally level, and the soil very fertile. Incorpo- rated 1760. It has 5 stores, cap. $12,300 ; 1 full- ing m., 3 tanneries, 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. m manufac. $13,350. 16 sch. 514 scholars. JPop. 1,965. Bostwick's Mills, p-o., Richmond co., N.C., 122 s. w. by w. Raleigh, 396 W. Boston, city, the capital of Massachusetts, in Suflblk county, is principally situated on a penin,sula, 3 miles long and 1 broad, at the west- ern extremity of Massachusetts Bay. It lies in 42° 21' 23" N. lat. and 71° 4' 9" w. Ion. from Greenwich, and 5° 58' e. Ion. from Washington. It is 115 s. s. w. from Portland, Me. ; 63 s. s. e. Concord, N. H. ; 153 e. by s. Albany ; 40 n. n. E. Providence, R. I. ; 97 e. n. e. Hartford, Ct. ; 207 N. E. by e. New York ; 440 n. e. from W. The population in 1790 was 18,03S; in 1800, 24,937 ; in 1810, 33,250 ; in 1820, 43,298 ; in 1831), 61,391: in 1840, 93,383. Employed in commerce 2,040; in manufactures and trades, 5,3.33; in navigating the ocean, 10,813; do. canals and rivers, 19 ; learned professions and engineers, 536. Boston consists of three parts. Old Boston, on the peninsula; South Boston, formerly a part of Dorchester, but united to Boston in 1804 ; and East Boston, formerly Noddle's Island. The only original communication of the peninsula with the main land was denominated the " Neck," a little over a mile in length, which connected it with Roxbiiry. By the Ibrtitication of this neck, at the commencement of the revolutionary war, the British were able to control tiie intercourse between Boston and the surrounding country. But by a number of bridges a commmiicalion is now opened in various directions. Charles River bridge, 1,503 feet long, connects Boston to Charles- town ; West Boston bridge, 2,753 feet, with a causeway 3,432 feet, leads to Cambridge ; South Boston bridge, 1,550 feet, leads from the " Neck" to S. Boston ; Canal Bridge, 2,796 feet, leads to E. Cambridge, from the middle of which an arm extends to States Prison Point, in CharlestovMi ; Boston Free Bridge, 1,828 ieet, connectjs Boston with S. Boston ; Warren Bridge, 1,390 feet, leads to Charlestov\'n. Besides these, the Western Av- enue, a mile and a half long, leads to Brooklyn, and constitutes a tide-dam, enclosing a pond of 600 acres, which, by a partition, makes an ave- nue from the main dam to Roxbury, and forms a full and receiving basin ; so that the flowing of the tide creates a great water power, at all times available. The peninsula of Boston had originally an tm- even surface ; and the necessity of the case, and the good taste of the inhabitants, ha\e exten- sively prevented the attempt to level these ine- qualities of surface ; and from various points of view, the city presents a picturesque appearance. The streets, however, were originally laid out upon no systematic plan ; and accommodated to the convenience of the ground, they are often crooked and narrow ; though modem improve- ments have greatly remedied these inconve- niences. The Common, originally a town cow- pasture, has escaped a private appropriation, and is one of the finest public grounds in any city of the United States. The numerous eminences, rising from 50 to 110 feet above the level of the sea, furnish many admirable sites for buildings. Some of the public buildings are commanding, but are exceeded by some in other principal cities ; but many of the private residences are imsurpassed in elegance and taste by those of any other city of tlie Union. South Boston extends about 2 miles along the s. side of the harbor. It contains about 600 acres, regularly laid out into streets and squares, with a diversified surface. About in the centre of thi.s tract are the "Dorchester Heights," 130 feet high, famous in the Revolutionary war, as the silo of a fortification which compelled the British to abandon the harbor. East Boston is on an island, containing about 660 acres of land, and a large body of ilats. Its connection with Old Boston is by a steam ferry, W"hi(li starts every five minutes from each side. It is coMiiecled to Chelsea on the main land by a bridge of 600 feet ; and the Eastern railroad commences here. Tlus portion of the city lias wholly grown up since 1833. The surface is agreeably diversified. A wharf 1,000 feet long is devoted to the use of the Liverpool steamships. These several parts of Boston, with tlio town of Chelsea, constitute the county of Suffolk. The harbor of Boston is one of the best in the United States, being spacious, safe, and easily and well defeniled. I'he whole passage to it is not more than four miles in width, with several islands obstructhig it, so that the main entrance will scarcely admit two vessels to pass abreast; while within, 500 vessels may ride at anchor, with a good depth of water. The outer harbor has about 40 small islands, about 15 of which atlbrd excellent pasture. The wharves of Boston are extensive and con- BOS 73 BOS venient, and some of them are very long. Long •wharf, at the termination of State-street, is 1,650 feet long ; and Central wliarf is 1,'iiO feet. Among the public buildings, the Slate House is the principal. It was built in 1798, and has a fine location on Beacon Hill, 110 feet above the level of the sea, and fronting the spacious com- mon. It is 173 leet long and 61 wide, built of brick, but painted to imitate stone ; and luis a fine dome oZ feet in diameter, and a cupola 230 feet above the level of the harbor, from which the view is probably the finest in the United States, and scarcely surpassed in the world. From this grand elevation, the spectator looks down upon the city as upon a map ; before him stretches the extensive harbor and bay on the e., sprinkled over with islands ; and in other directions, nu- merous beautiful villages, and a highly cultivated country, with many elegant country seats, are visible. Faneuil Hall Market is built of granite, 538 feet long, 50 feet wide, and two stories high ; and is the most elegant market-house in the U. States. Faneuil Hall is in Dock Square, 100 leet long by 80 feet wide, 3 stories liigh, and is cele- brated as the spot where the revolutionary ora- tors roused the people to resist British oppres.sion. The hall is 76 feet square, with deep galleries on three sides. The City Hall or Old State House, is another venerable building of revolutionary memory, and is used for public offices. The Massachusetts Hospital, in the western part of the city, is a beautiful granite building, 168 feet long and 54 feet wide, with an open ground of 4 acres around it, on the bank of Charles river. The Custom House, near the head of Central wharf, is a splendid granite building of Grecian archi- tecture. The houses of Industry, Correction, and Reformation, are valuable establishments, situated in South Boston. Trinity church, and St. Paul's church, are considered fine specimens of architecture ; and Park-street church lias a lofty and beautiful steeple. The Tremont House is one of tlie finest hotels in the United States. Among the public places, the Common is by far the most distmguished. It occupies the southern declivity ol Beacon Hill, and contains nearly 50 acres of ground, surrounded by a wall, shaded by trees. The whole is enclosed by an ifon fence about 1 mile in length, on the outside of which is a broad street. A Botanical Garden of 25 acres is on the western side of the Common. Boston, in point of commerce, is the second place in the Union. Pier wealth and enterprise have long been actively employed in foreign commerce, to which her fine harbor has male- rially contributed. Several large sieumships Ibrm an important packet Ime between tills city and Great Britain, slopping at Halil'ax. I'liis Une lias generally perlbrmed its trips in the short space of 12^ days. lines of paclcets exist to every port of importance throughout the U. States, making about fifty in the whole. And by moans of the Middlesex canal, which extends to the Merriraac, it has a boaiable communica- tion to Concord, N. 11 ; and recently a railroad commiudcaiion has been completed to Albany, wluch will enable it to share in the vast trade of the west. The capitalists of Boston are large proprietors in the manufacturuig establishments at Waltham and at Lowell. The tonage of Boston in 1840 was 220,243 tons. Tlie imports are about $16,000,000; and the ex- ports about $10,000,000. There were in lti40, 142 commercial houses and S'-J commission houses engaged m foreign trade, with a capital of $11,676,000; 572 retad stores, with a capital of $4,184,230; 31 lumber yards, with a capital of 10 $371,010; cap. in fisheries $25,000; machhiery manuiactured to tlie amount of $135,900; pre- cious metals $26,650 ; various metals $284,400 ; 6 furnaces, cap. $l3i),U00; 17 distilleries and 2 breweries, with a cap. of $S20,000 ; paints, drugs, &c., cap. $20,000 ; 3 glass fac, cap. $37,000 ; 2 sugar refineries, 3 rope walks, cap. $101,500 ; 1 grist m., cap. $50,000; furniture to the amount of $329,OaO. There were budt 217 brick and stone, and 148 wooden houses, to the value of $1,061,100; 24 printing offices, 28 binderies, 7 dady, 11 weekly, and 7 semi- weekly newspapers, and 7 periodicals, employed 437 persons, with a cap. of $236,450. Total amount of cap. in man- ufac. $2,770,250. There were 15 acad., or gram, sch., with 2,629 students, 137 com. and primary sell, with 14,003 scholars. The are 25 banks, with an aggregate capital of .$17,300,000, and 2i insurance coinpauies, with a capitid of $6,600,000. Boston has long been celebrated for the excel- lence of its schools. About a quarter part of the inhabitants are kept at school throughout the year, at an expense of $200,000. In addition to numerous private schools, the public free schools are a Latin grammar school ; a high school, in which the mathematics and higher branches of learrung are taught; 10 grammar and writing scliools; 75 primary schools, and one African school. Tlie Medical Branch of Harvard University has its seat in Boston, where its professors re- side. It was ibundod hi 1782, has 6 professors and 88 students, and a library of over 5,000 vol- umes. There is a highly respectable institution for the blind, which has a handsome edifice. The Boston Athenaeum has two large buildings, one containing a library of about 3 J,000 volumes, the other a picture gallery, and a hall for public lec- tures, and other rooms for scientiiic purposes. This city has about 100 literary, religious, and charitable societies. Among tlie literary socie- ties of a high order are the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, which has published four volumes of transactions ; the Massachusetts Plis- torical Society, which has published 22 volumes of collections ; and the Boston ^Natural Plistory Society, which has a fine cabinet. Among the religions and charitable societies, are the Ameri- can Board of Commissioners for Foreign Mis- sions, which has an agency, and holds its amii- versaries in the city of New York ; the Baptist Board of Foreign Missions ; the American Edu- cation Society ; the American Unitarian Asso- ciation ; the American Peace Society ; the Sea- men's Friend Society ; the Massachusetts Bible Society ; the Piiaon Disciplhie Society ; and various others. There are (1842) 33 newspapers published in Boston, 8 of which are daily. Besides these, there is a number of Magazhies and Reviews, the most important of which is the North Ameri- can Review, whicli has long had a high reputa- tion, not only in tlie United States, but in Europe. There are 75 churches, of which 15 are Unita- rians, 12 Congregationalists ; 8 Episcopalians ; 11 Baptists; 9 JVlethodists ; 4 Universalists ; 4 Roman Catholics ; 3 Freewill Baptists ; 2 Afri- can, one of which is Baptist, and the other Meth- odist. There are also some New Jerusalem, German Protestants, and Friends, and a few others. 'I'here are two theatres in Boston, the Tremont and the National Theatre. This city continued a town, and vvas governed by a body of select men, according to the com- mon custom of the towns of New England, until BOT 74 BOW 1821. Before this, the people could not be brought to consent to adopt a city government. But the vote was at length carried, and the city has since been governed by a mayor, 8 alder- men, and a common council of 4S members. Be- sides these, each ward has 1 warden, 1 overseer of the poor, 1 clerk, 5 inspectors, and 2 school committee men. Boston was founded in August, 1630. The first church was built in 1632. The American revolution had its commencement in Boston. The British army in 1775, to the number of 10,000, had possession of the place. From this place the troops went out to open the war at Lex- ington, and to engage in the hard-fought battle of Bimker Hill. They were compelled at length, by the American troops, entrenched on Dorches- ter Heights, to withdraw from the town and har- bor, in March, 1776, whence they proceeded to New York. No portion of the United States engaged more actively in the cause of American freedom than the inhabitants of Boston, or contributed more largely towards its accomplishment. John Han- cock, who was first president of the American Congress, and first set liis bold hand to the Declaration of Independence, was a citizen of Boston ; as were also several other of the leaders of the revolution. It has, also, the honor of be- ing the birth-place of Benjamin Franklin, who was bom here Jan. 17th, 1706. Boston, p-t., Erie co., N. Y., 18 s. w. Buffalo, 299 vv. Albany, 362 W. The surface is undula- ting, and the soil clay and gravelly loam. Drain- ed by Cauquaga cr. The v. is situated on Cau- quaga cr., and has 1 Presbyterian and 1 Baptist church, 2 stores, 2 grist m.. 2 saw m., 1 carding machine and clothier's works. Pop. of the v. 500, of the t. 1,745. Boston, p-o., Culpepper co., Va. Boston, p-t., Summit co., O., 139 n. e. Co- lumbus, 343 W. Situated on the Ohio canal, 24 s. of Cleveland, by the course of the canal. The Cuyahoga r. passes through it, and affords mill seats. The soil is fertile, covered chiefly with a heavy growth of white oak. At the p-o. of the same name is a village, with 1 grist ra., 1 saw m., 1 store, and 15 or 20 houses. At the centre of the town is another v., called Boston Centre or Peninsida, where are 1 Episcopal chiuch, 2 stores, 2 saw m., 1 flouring m., and about 25 dwellings. The Presbyterians and Methodists have here places of worship. The Ohio canal here crosses Ihe Cuyahoga r. in an aqueduct. There are in the t. 5 sch. 165 schol- ars. Pop. 815. Boston, p-t., Ionia co., Mich., 146 n. w. De- troit, 621 W. Situated on Grand r. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manulac. $1,500. Pop. 85. Boston, p-t., Nelson co., Ky., 66 s. w. Frank- fort, 608 W. Boston, p-o., Marengo co., Ala., 70 s. by. w. Tuscaloosa, 882 W. Boston Corner, p-o., Berkshire co., Mass., 160 w. Boston, 338 W. Boston, t., Franklin co.. Ark. Pop. 224. Bost's Mills, p-o., Cabarrus co., N. C, 153 w. s. w. Raleigh, 392 W. Botetourt, county, Va., s. of the middle of the state, w. of the Blue Uidge, contains 1,000 sq. ms. The surface is elevated, and in some parts mountainous. Drained by tributaries of James r. Capital, Fincastle. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,231, sheep 13,254, swine 20,458 ; wheat 197,282 hush, (iroduced, rj-e 21,971, Ind. corn 298,707, buckwheat 2,921, oats 185,016, potatoes 18,544, tobacco 707,885 pounds ; 21 stores, [ cap. $151,900; 2 furnaces, 9 tanneries, 7 distille- j ries, 10 flouring m., 26 grist m., 33 saw ra., 3 oil I m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. I Cap. in manufac. $22,650. Pop. 1830, 16,354 ; I 1840, whites 8,357, slaves 2,925, free col'd 377: itotid, 11,679. i Botetourt Springs, p-v., Roanoke co., Va., I 186 w. by s. Richmond, 23S W. I Bottle Hill, v., Chatham t., Morris co., N. i J., 57 N. by E. Trenton, 223 W. It has 3 stores, j 1 Presbyterian church, an academy, and 40 i dwellings. I BoocnE Saline, p-o., Cole co.. Mo., 48 w. 1 Jefferson city, 934 W. Bouckville, p-o., Madison t., Madison co., N. Y., 97 w. AlbaJiy, 363 W. Bourbon, couniy, Ky., toward the n. E.part of the state, contains 225 sq. ms. Drained by the S. Fork of Licking r. The soil is very fertile. Cap- ital, Paris. There were in 1840, neat cattle 16,748, sheep 23,719, swine 43,148 ; wheat 90,099 bushels produced, rye 121,817, Ind. com 1,256,436, oats 157,822, potatoes 15,485, tobacco 4,361 pounds, sugar 37,159; 34 stores, cap. .$333,550; 1 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 1,320 sp., 13 distilleries, 6 rope fac, 1 flouring m., 8 grist m., 7 saw m., 1 printing office. 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $112,120. 6 acad. 201 students, 26 sch. 709 scholars. Pop. 1830, 18,436; 18-tO, whiles 7,845, slaves 6,325, free col'd 308 ; total, 14,478. Bound Brook, p-v., Bridgewater t., Somerset CO., N. J., 33 N. by e. Trenton, 200 W. It has 1 Presbyterian church, an academy, 4 stores, 1 grist m., and about 50 dwellings. The Delaware and Raritan canal passes near the village. Bounty Land, p-o., Pickens district, S. C. Bourbon, t., Calloway co.. Mo. It has 3 sch 65 scholars. Pop. 1,100. BouRNEviLLE, p-v.. Twin t., Ross co., O^ 63 s. Columbus, 413 W. BouRNSBURGH, p-v., Randolph co., Mo., 75 n. by w. Jefferson city, 964 W. BovEY, t., St. Genevieve co.. Mo. 1 acad. 20 students, 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 462. BoviNA, p-t., Delaware co., N. Y., 10 e. Delhi, 76 s. s. w. Albany, 350 VV. The surface is hilly, and the soil well adapted to grazing. Drained by Little Delaware r. It has 4 stores, cap. $10,800 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,250. 13 sch. 478 scholars. Pop. 1,403. BoviNA, p-o. Warren co.. Miss., 34 w. Jackson, 1,044 VV. BoviNA Centre, p-o., Bovina t., Delaware co., N. Y., 76 s. s. w. Albany, 350 W. Bow, p-t., Merriniac co., N. H., 7 s. Concord, 477 VV. It lies w. of Merrimac r. The soil is uneven and hard, but fertile with good cultiva- tion. Drained by Turkey r., which here enter.s the Merrimac. Bow canal along Bow falls, in the Merrimac, is i of a mile long, with 4 locks, which overcome a fall of 25 feet, finished in 1812, and cost $25,000. There are in the t., 1 store, cap. $500 ; 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manu- lac. $7,600. 12 sch. 262 scholars. Pop. 1,001. BowDOiN, p-t., Lincoln co., Me., 17 w. Wis- casset, 18 s. s. w. Augusta, 577 VV. Incorporated 1788. It has 3 stores, cap. $2,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 3 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $4,165. 18 sch. 849 scholars. Pop. 2,073. BownoiNHAM, p-t., Lincoln co.. Me., 21 s. by w. Augusta, 12 N. Bath, 579 VV. It lies on the w. side of Kennebec r. It carries on the lumber trade and ship building to a considerable extent. Incorporated in 1762. It has several com. houses, c^ip. 161,476; 14 ret. stores, cap. $52,000; 1 grist BOY 75 BRA m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $57,975. 18 SGh. 976 scliolars. Pop. 2,402. BowEN, t., Madison co., Ark. Pop. 453. Bovvers, p-o., Southampton co., \ a., 78 s. by E. Richmond, 197 W. BowER.s Store, p-o., Ashe co., N. C. BowERsviLLE, p-v., Franklin co., Ga., 124 n. Milledgeville, 595 W. Bowers, p-o., Fluvanna co., Va. BowLE.s, t., Franklin co.. Mo, It has 5 sch. 90 scholars. Pop. 1,449. Bowling Green, p-o.. Plain t.. Wood co., O., 115 N. .\. w. Columbus, 469 W. Bowling Green, p-v., capital of Caroline co., Va., 40 N. Richmond, 80 W. It is built round a beautiful green, ornamented with trees and shrub- bery. It has a neat court house, and other county buildings, 1 Episcopal and 1 Reformed Baptist church, about 40 dweUings, and 250 inhabitants. Bowling Green, p-v., capital of Warren co., Ky., 144 .s. w. Frankfort, 668 W. Situated on Big Barren r., a branch of Green r., at the head of slack-water navigation, accessible by steam- boats of 200 tons, throughout the year. It is 180 ms. from the Ohio, by the course of ther. It has a large brick court house, a college, a I'emale sem- inary, 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist — 12 or 14 stores, and many meclianic shops. It has considerable trade, and the princi- pal article of export is tobacco. Pop. 1,400. Bowling Green, t.. Licking co., O. It has 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 1,464. Bowling Green, p-v., capital of Clay co., la., 60 s! by w. Indianapolis, 631 W. It is situated on Eel r., a branch of White r. It has a cornet house, several stores and dwellings. In the t. there are 7 stores, cap. $29,759 ; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. 9,755. 1 acad. 45 students, 2 sch. 105 scholars. Pop. 235. Bowling Green, t., Pettis co.. Mo. Pop. 410 Bowling Green, p-o., Fayette co.. 111., 80 s. s. E. Springfield, 742 W. Bowling Green, p-v., Oglethorpe co., Ga., 63 n. n. e. Milledgeville, 596 W. Bowling Green, t., Marion co., O., on the s. side of Scioto r. It contains 2 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 324. Bowling Green, p-o.. Pike co.. Mo., 76 n. e. Jefferson city, 880 W. Bowm.^n's Creek, p-o., Luzerne co., Pa., 139 N. N. E. Harrisburg, 24S W. Bowman's Mills, p-o., Rockingham co., Va., 144 N. w. Richmond, 127 W. Bowmansville, p-o., Lancaster co.. Pa. BowsHERsviLLE, p-o., Crawford co., O., 61 n Columbus, 424 W. BoxBORouGH, p-t., Middlesex co., Ms., 28 n. w. by w. Boston, 476 W. Incorporated, 1783. Sit- uated between Concord and Nashua rivers. It has some manufactm-es of shoes, palm-leaf hats, and straw bonnets. Hops are extensively culti- vated. It contains 1 Congregational church. Bo.vFORD, p-t., Essex co., Ms., !^9 n. by e. Bos- ton, 13 s. w. Newburyport, 469 W. The surface is imeven, and the soil indifierent, but well cul- tivated. It has 1 Congregational ist and 1 Unita- rian church. It has 3 stores, cap. $1,600 ; 1 cot- ton fac. 488 sp., 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,800. 6 sch. 205 scholars. Pop. 942. Bo.YLEV, p-o., Hamilton co., la., 40 n. by e. In- dianapolis, 578 W. BoxviLLE, p-v., Montgomery co., Ga., 129 s s E. Milledgeville, 740 W. Boyd's, p-o., Columbiana co., O., 150 n. e Co- lumbus, ^94 W. Bovu's, p-o., Henry co., la. 1 Bovd's Creek, p-o., Sevier co., Tenn., 225 e. by s. Nashville, 5U:i W. Boyd's Store, p-o., Polk co., Mo., 145 s. w. Jeffer-son city, ],08l W. Bovd's Tavern, p-o., Albemarle co., Va., 74 w. N. w. Richmond, 123 W. BovDSTOWN, p-t., Penobscot co.. Me., 101 n. e. Augusta, 696 W. BoYDsviLLE, p-o., Weakly co., Tenn., 118 w. by N. Nashville, 804 W. BoYDTON, p-v., capital of Mecklenburg co., Va., 109 s. s. w. Richmond, 222 W. It contains a court house and other co. buildings, 2 churches — 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist — 4 stores, vari- ous mechanic shops, and 80 or 90 dwellings. Ran- dolph Macon College, ciiietly under the direction of the Methodists, is situated 1 m. w. It was fomided in 1832, has a president, and 5 professors or other instructors, and 98 students. The com- mencement is on the 3d Wednesday in June. Boyerstown, p-o., Berks co.. Pa., 69 E.by n. Harrisburg, 162 W. Boykin's Depot, p-o., Southampton co., Va., 84 s. by E. Richmond, 203 W. Boyle, comity, Ky. Taken principally from Mercer co. in 1842. Situated in the central part of the state, and contains 175 sq. ms. Drained by head branches of Salt r., and by branches of Dick's r. The soil is very fertile. Capital, Danville. Boylston, p-t., Worcester co., Ms., 39 w. Bos- ton, 408 W. Watered by Nashua r. Incorpora- ted, 1786. It has some manufactures, and 5 sch. 264 scholars. Pop. 797. Boylston, t., Oswego co., N. Y., 140 n. w. Albany. The surface is hilly and rough ; soil, fertile gravelly loam. Drained by Little Sandy and Trout crs. It has 1 saw m., 6 sch. 150 scho- lars. Pop. 481. Boyle's Store, p-o., Stokes co., N. C, 142 w. N. w. Raleigh, 313 W. BozRAn, p-t.. New London co., Ct, 33 e. s. e. Hartford, 359 W. Watered by Yaniic r., which afl'ords water power. The soil is a fertile gravel- ly loam. In July, ]799, a terrible hail storm pass- ed over it, destroying the crops, and demolishing the glass in houses. Some of the stones measur- ed 6 inches in circumference. It has 2 flourish- ing manufacturing villages. It contauis 1 Con- gregational, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist church, and has 4 stores, cap. .$2,000 ; 2 cotton fac. 5,484 sp., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8 1,700. 6 schools, 288 scholars. Pop. 1,067. Bozrahville, p-v., Bozrah t.. New London CO., Ct., 31 e. s. e. Hartford, 355 W. Braceville, p-t., Trumbull co., O., 164 n. e. Columbus, 3 10 W. It is a good grazing town, and has some fine dairies. Brackabeen, p-v., Fulton t., Schoharie co., N. Y., 45 w. Albany, 381 W. It has 1 Dutch Re- Ibrmed church, 3 stores, 2 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 tannery, and 12 or 15 dwellings. Bracken, coimty, Ky., in the n. E. part of the state, on the Ohio r., coiitains 220 sq. ms. Drain- ed on the s. by the n. branch of Liclung r. The surface is broken, but the soil productive. Cap- ital, Augusta. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,953, sheep 7,963, swine 13,865; wheat 183,569 bush, produced, rye 8,531, Ind. corn2S2,018, bar- ley ],335, oats 76,425, potatoes 6,121, tobacco 343,485 pounds, sugar 4,466 ; 13 stores, capital $86,200; 1 lumber yard, cap. $1,200; 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 4 flouring mills, 7 grist m., 7 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $32,390. 1 college, 104 students, 1 acad. 103 students, 9 sch. 233 scholars. Pop. 183,), 6,518; 1840, whites 6,083, slaves 819, free col'd 151 ; total, 7,053. BRA Bradfoud, t., Steuben co., N. Y., '204 v?. s. w. Albany. Sur'ace uneven, soil good. ]t has 3 stores, cap. $11,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,S75. 9 sch. 396 scholars. Pop. 1,547. BR.\uFORn, p-t., Penobscot co., Me., 94 n. e. Augusta, 6S9 W. It has 1 store, cap. §i,0()0 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manulac. $3,100. 7 sch. 390 scholars. Pop. 1,000. Bradford, p-t., Merrimac co., N. H., 25 w. Concord, 472 W. Situated about midway be- tween Merrimac and Connecticut rs. It contains several large ponds. Incorporated in 17.S7. It has 6 stores, cap. $17,500 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,550. 1 acad. 52 students, 9 sch. 3S6 scholars. Pop. 1,331. Bradford, p-t.. Orange co., Vt., 32 s. e. Mont- pelier, 512 W. It lies on Connecticut r. There IS a small manufacturing v. on Waits r. half u mile from its mouth, where there are a number of neat houses and various mills. The first globes ever manufactured in the United States, were made liere. It lias 5 stores, cap. $21,000 ; 2 full- ing m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 paper fac, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §47,200. 1 acad. 158 students, 10 sch. 447 scholars. Pop. ],655. Bradford, p-t., Essex co., Ms., 35 n. Boston, 466 W. It lies on Merrimac r. Tlie surface is uneven, but the soil is good. Jolinson's creek artbrds water power. A bridge across the Mer- rimac, 650 feet long, connects this place with Haverhill. It has various manufactures, chiefly of boots and shoes. It has 3 churches — 2 Congre- gational and 1 free; 12 stores, cap. $13,500; 4 tanneries, 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $76,000 ; $65,700 of whicli is in leather manufac- tured. 4 academies, 216 students, 10 sch. 1,105 scholars. Pop. 2,222. Bradford, p-o., Washington t., Scioto co., O., 92 s. Columbus, 426 W. Bradford, county. Pa., in the n. e. part of the state, contains 1,200 square ms. The N. brancli of Susquehanna river passes through it, and re- ceives in the n. part the Chemung r. It has also Towanda and Sugar creeks. The surface is, to a considerable extent, mountainous, though there is nuich good land, particularly in the vi- cinity of the Susquehanna. Bituminous coal is found on Towanda cr. The capital is Towanda. There were in 1810, neat cattle 31,099, sheep 68,767, swine 23,283 ; wheat 151,266 bu.sh. pro- duced, rye 45,738, Ind. corn 140,632, buckwheat 77,863, oats 220,993, potatoes 363,412 ; 91 stores, cap. $328,874 ; 2 furnaces, 15 fulling m., 7 wool- len fac, 18 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 43 grist mills, 213 saw m., 1 oil m., 4 printing offices, 4 weekly newspapers. Cap. mmaiuifac. $331,990. 3acad. 179 students, 190 sch. 7,948 scholars. Pop. 1830, 19,669 ; 1840, 32,769. Bradford, t., McKcan co.. Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $300 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,S00. 4 schools, 78 scholars. Pop. 375. Bradford, t., Lincoln co., Mo. It has 1 acad. 72 students. Pop. 1,319. Bradford Spri.\(;s, p-o., Sumter district, S. C, 48 E. Columbia, 48S VV. Bradforuvii.le, p-v., Marion county, Ky., 68 Frankfort, 590 W. Bradley, county, Tenn., in the s. e. part of the state. Drained by Hiawassie r. and branch- es. Surface mountainous, fertile land on the margins of streams. Capital, Cleveland. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,426, sheep 3,4 17, swine 19,136 ; wheat 16,854 bushels produced, rye 9t8, Indian corn 420,968, oats 48,480, potatoes 10,450, m BRA tobacco 13,335 pounds, cotton 21,669, sugar 2,431 ; 15 stores, cap. $57,900; 5 tanneries, 6 distille- ries, 11 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11, 225. 2 academies, 80 students, 11 schools, 172 scholars. Pop. whites 6,971, slaves 401, free col'd 13; total, 7,3-^5. Bradley, t., Penobscot co.. Me. It has 20 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $157,000. 125 schol- ars in sch. Pop. 395. Bradlevvale, t., Caledonia co., Vt. It has 1 sch. 18 scholars. Pop. 50. Bradleyvii.le, p-o., Sumter dist., S. C, 77 k. Columbia, 513 W. Brad.shaw, p-o., Giles county, Tenn., 84 s. w. Nashville, 744 W. Brady, t., Clearfield co.. Pa. Pop. 692. Brady, t., Williams co., O., on Tifl^ins r. It has 2 stores, cap. $800 ; 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 sch. 25 scholars, pop. 351. Brady, p-t., Kalamazoo co., Mich., 146 w. De- troit, 608 W. Drained by Portage r. It has 4 stores, cap. $29,000 ; 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,300. 4 sch. 159 scholars. Pop. 1,175. Bradvville, p-v.. Cannon county, Tenn., 56 s. E. Nashville, 061 W. Brag(;s, p-o., Lowndes co., Ala., 120 Tusca- loosa, 877 W. Brai.nard's Bridge, p-v., Nassau t., Rensse- laer CO. N. Y., 16 N. E. Albany, 369 W. It con- tains 1 Methodist church, 1 store, 1 cotton fac, and 40 dwellings. Pop. 200. Bkalntree, p-t.. Orange co., Vt., 23 s. Mont- pelicr, 494 W. Watered by branches of White r. It is a good grazing t. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,500 ; 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,400. 12 sch. 460 scholars. Pop. 1,2:«. Brai.\tree, p-t., Norfolk co., 3Is., 14 s. Boston, 442 W. The surface is diversified, and the soil a fertile gravelly loam. It has considerable man- ufactures, and some shipping employed m the coasting trade and the fisheries. Mantiquot riv- er affords water power. A fine granite is obtain- ed here. First settled in 1625, incorporated in 1640. It has 1 Congregational and 1 Unitarian church. The elder President Adams was bom here. It has 16 stores, cap. $24,300 ; 1 w-oollen fac, 1 cotton fac 1,000 sp., 1 tannery, 1 paper factory, 6 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $124,145. 13 schools, 564 scholars. Pop. 2,168. Brai.n'trem, p-t., Luzerne co.. Pa., 163 n. n. w. Harrisburg, 273 W. The surface is hilly; soil, gravel and alluvion. Exports lumber down the Suscjuehanna, which bounds it on the soutlL It has three stores, cap. $10,650; 1 fulling m., 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Capital in manufac. $10,6tX). sch. 275 scholars. Pop. 1,355. Bralsville, v., Monroe CO., O. Pop. 194. Bra.man's Cor.ners, p-o., Duancsburgh town, Schenectady coimty, N. V., 35 w. n. w. Albany, 402 W. Branch, county, Mich., in the s. part of the state, contains 528 sq. ms. Drained by branches of St. Joseph's r. The surface is rolling, and the soil a rich sandy loam. Capital, Branch. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,211, sheep 744, swine 13,224; wheat 07,317 bushels produced, Indian corn 89,085, buckwheat 1,189, barley 4,073, oats 70,222, potatoes 74,2 13, sugar 46,005 pounds ; 1 1 stores, cai)ital $48,000 ; 1 furnace, 1 brewery, 3 flouring m.,5 grist m., 15 sawm., 1 printing office, 1 weekly new>paper. Capital in manufacture.s, $107,250. 47 schools, 789 scholars. Population, 5,715. Branch, p-v., Coldwater t., capital of Branch CO., Mich., 1 13 w. s. w. Detroit, 561 VV. Situated on the VV. branch of Coldwater r. BRA 77 BRE Branch, t., Schuylkill co., Pa. It has 8 stores, cap. $42,300 ; 1 brewery, 2 grist m., 14 saw mills ; 103,500 tons of anthracite coal produced ; 3 sch. 145 scholars. Pop. 1,422. Branch Port, p-v., Jerusalem t., Yates co., N. Y., 201 w. Albany, 327 W. Situated on the w. branch of Crooked Lake. It has 1 Presbyte- rian and 1 Baptist church, 3 stores, 25 dwellings, and about 125 inhabitants. Branchville, p-v., Frankford t., Sussex co., N. .T., 77 n. Trenton, 246 W. A branch of Pau- linskill affords mill seats. Branchville, p-o., Orangeburg dist., S. C, 62 s. Columbia, 56S W. Branchville, p-o., St. Clair co., Ala., 103 n. E. Tuscaloosa, 735 W. Brandenburg, p-v., capital of Mead co., Ky., 94 w. by s. Frankfort, 634 W. Situated on the south bank of the Ohio r. It contains a court house and several stores and dwelUngs. Brandon, p-t., Rutland co., Vt., 48 .s. w. Mont- peher, 16 s. Middlebury, 472 W. Otter creek pas.ses through it, and 5lill river, a branch of it, furnishes good water power. Excepting on Otter creek, where the land is rich, much of the soil is rather light. Bog iron ore and marble are foimd. First settled, 1775. It has 6 stores, cap. $20,000 ; 1 tannery, 4 furnaces, 1 priutuig office. Capital iti manufac. $4,550. 1 acad. 80 students, 13 schools, 783 scholars. Pop. 2,194. Brandon, p-v., capital of Rankin co.. Miss., 13 E. Jackson, to which it is connected by railroad, 1003 W. It contains a court house, several stores and dwellings. Brandon, t., Oakland co., Mich. Drained by head waters of Flint r. Pop. 442. Brandon, t., Franklin co., N. Y., 10 s. w. Ma- lone, 215 N. by w. Albany, is a rough town, cov- ered mostly with forest, with several lakes in its s. part. Drained by Saranac, St. Regis, and Racket rs. It has 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,050. 5 sch. 192 scholars. Pop. 531. Brandonville, p-v., Preston co., Va., 267 n. w. Richmond, 189 W. Brand's Iron Works, p-o., Washington co., R. I., 28 s. by w. Providence, 330 W. Brandt, t., Erie co., N. Y., is situated on Lake Ene, 20 s. s. w. BuffLilo, 300 w. Albany. The surface is hilly, and the soil, a moist clay and gravelly loam, fertile in grass and grain. It has 1 store, 6 sch. 219 scholars. Pop. 1,083. Brandy, t., Williams co., O. It has 1 school, 25 scholars. Pop. 351. Brandywine Creek, Pa. and Del., rises near the boundary between Lancaster co. and Chester CO., Pa., and flows through Delaware ; and after uniting with Christiana creek, it enters the Dela- ware river, forming the harbor of Wilmington. It furnishes many excellent mill seats, and is navi- gable to Brandywine v. and mills, where there is 6 or 8 feet of water, at high tide. Brandywine, p-o., Prince George's co., Md., 40 s. w. Annapolis, 94 W. Brandywine, t., Hancock co., la. It has 1 grist ni., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $1,900. Pop. 693. Brandywine, p-o., Shelby co., la., 20 s. e. In- dianapolis, 570 W. Brandywine, t., Chester co.. Pa. Watered by Brandywine and Beaver creeks. It has 6 stores, cap. $7,200 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 flouring mill, 2 grist m., 5 saw m., 1 paper fac. Cap. in manufac. .$7,815. 6 schools, 300 scholars. Pop. 1,672. Brandywine, hundred. New Castle co., Del. It has 9 stores, cap. $5,600 ; 1 woollen fac, 3 cot- ton fac. 7,212 sp., 5 flouring m., 4 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. 232,950. 7 sch. 415 scho- lars. Pop. 3,3S7. Brandywine Manor, p-o., Chester co., Pa. 60 s. e. Ilarrisburg, 131 W. Brandywine Mills, p-v., Northfield t.. Sum- mit CO., O., 141 N e. Columbus, 341 W. Here is a saw m., carding machine, woollen factory, and several houses. Branford, p-t., New Haven co., Ct., 43 s. by w. Hartford, 7 e. New Haven, 307 W. It lies on Long Island Sound. Settled in 1614. Drain- ed by IJranford r., which is navigable a short dis- tance for small vessels. The surface is uneven, and the soil fertile. A beautiful pond, called Saltonstall's Lake, lies on its w. border, between this town and East Haven. Thimble and Indian islands are within its limits, in Long Island Sound. It contains 3 ciiurches — 1 Congregational, 1 Bap- tist, and 1 Episcopal. It has 7 stores, capital $11,800 ; 1 tannery, 1 paper fac, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $27,000. 1 acad. 60 stu- dents, 7 sch. 319 scholars. Pop. 1,322. Brantingiiam, p-o., Greig t., Lewis co., N. Y., 136 N. w. Albany, 435 W. Brashearville, p-o.. Perry co., Ky., 166 s. E. by e. Frankfort, 515 W. Brasher Falls, p-v., Bmsher t., St. Law- rence county, N. Y. Situated on Deer river, where are falls and rapids furnishing extensive water power, around which is a small manufac- turmg settlement. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $9,700; 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 1 grist ra., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,900. 13 sch. 426 scholars. Pop. 2,118. Br.\ss Bell, p-o., Pendleton co., Ky. Brattleborough, p-t., Windham co., Vt., 121s. Montpelier, 76 e. Albany 95 w. n. w. Boston, 422 W. Situated on the w. bank of the Con- necticut r. Settled in 1724, and called Fort Duramer : the earliest settlement in the state. It has an e. and w. village. The e. village is a be'autiful and flourishing place, and for business and wealth is surpassed by few villages in the state. The Whetstone branch here furnishes extensive water power, just before its entrance into the Connecticut r. Among its manufactures, "The Brattleboro' Typographic Co.," estabhshed in 1836, with a capital of $150,000, deserves to be mentioned. They have a paper mill and an ex- tensive publishing establishment, and have is- sued many large and valuable works, which have been widely diffused. It has 20 stores, capital $99,500 ; 3 tanneries, 1 furnace, 1 paper fac, 3 grist m., 7 saw m., 3 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $237,600. 2 acad. 245 students, 16 sch. 838 scholars. Pop. 2,624. Bratton's, p-o.. Smith co., Tenn., 54 n e. Nashville, 663 W. Brattonsville, p-o., York dist., S. C, 96 Columbia, 440 W. Braxton, county, Va., lies n. w. of the Alle- ghany mountains, in the n. w. part of the state. Watered by Elk and Little Kanawiia rivers. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,890, sheep 3,097, swine 5,614; wheat 8,960 bush, produced, Ind. corn 68,627, oats 20,929, potatoes 5,844, to- bacco 4,155 pounds, sugar 19,420, domestic salt 4,000 bushels ; 2 stores, cap. $10,500 ; 2 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 20 grist m., 20 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. .$21,007. Pop. 1840, wliites 2,509, slaves, 64, free col'd 2 ; total, 2,575. Braxton, C. H., p-v., capital of Braxton co., Va., 321 w. N. w. Richmond, 289 W. Situated on N. side of Elk r. It contains a court house and a few dwellings. Breckenridge, coimty, Ky., on the Ohior., in the N. part of the state, contains 700 square ms. BRE 78 BRT Bounded by Green r., s., by branches of which it is ■watered. Capital, Hardensburg. Tlierc were in 1840, neat cattle 8,557, sheep 13,S|f), swine 23,951 ; wheat 75,430 bush, prod., rye 3,028, Ind. corn 356,3.52, oats 119,932, potatoes 20.527, tobacco 1,807,104 pounds, sugar 4,115, 29 stores, cap. §196,000; 8 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 flouring m., 15 grist m., 12 sawm., 1 oil m. Cap. in man- ufac. $40,525. 1 acad. 52 students. Pop. 1830, 7,345 ; 1840, whites 7,239, slaves 1,691, free col'd 14 ; total, 8,944. Breakneck, p-o., Butler co., Pa., 219 w. by N. Harrisburg, 257 VV. Breathitt, county, Ky., in the e. part of the state. Contains 700 sq. miles. Drained by the N. fork of Kentucky r. and branches. Surface liilly and mountainous, soil on the margitis of the streams, moderately fertile. Capital, Breathitt. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,517, .sheep 2,294, swine 9,674; wheat 1,628 bushels produced; Ind. com 91.185, oats 7,749, potatoes 2,994, tobacco 2,648 pounds, cotton 4,270, sugar 12,377 ; 21,017 bushels bituminous coal produced ; 9 distilleries, 9 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $900. Pop. wliites 2,076, slaves 119; total, 2,195. Breathitt, C. II., p-o., capital of Breathitt CO., Ky., 121 E. s. e. Frankfort, 530 W. Situated on the N. E. side of Kentucky r. Brean's Bridge, p-o., St. Martin's par.. La., 188 w. New Orleans, 1,271 W. Brecknock, t., Lancaster co.. Pa. Drained by the branches of Marshy or., which afford mill seats. Surface liilly ; soil, red shale. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 flouring m., 4 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,700. 5 sch. 145 scholars. Pop. 732. Brecknock, t., Berks co.. Pa. The surface is hilly; soil, gravel. Drained by Big and Little Muddy creeks. It has 1 store, 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $1,350. Pop. 935. Breedings, p-o., Adair co., Ky., 132 s. by w. Frankfort, 626 W. Breesville, p-o., Jackson co.. 111., 177 s. by e. Springfield, 853 W. Breeningsville, p-o., Lehigh co., Pa., 77 e. N. E. Harrisburg, 170 W. Bremen, p-t., Lincoln co.. Me., 40 s. e. Au- gusta, 15 E. s. E. Wiscasset, recently taken from the E. part of Bri.stol t. It is extensively bordered by navigable waters. It has 4 stores, capitjvl $7,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 grist m., 1 .saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,350. 7 sch. 250 scholars. Pop. 837. Bremen, p-v.. Rush creek t., Fairfield co., O., 39 s. E. Columbus, 364 W. Bremen, p-o., Muhlenburg co., Ky., 182 w. s. W. Frankfort, 724 W. Bremo, p-o., Callaway county, Ky., 263 s. w. Frankfort, 790 W. Brent's, p-o., Henry co., Ky., 36 n. w. Frank- fort, 578 W. Brentsville, C. H., p-o., capital of Prince William co., Va., 101 n. Ilichmond, 45 W. Brentwood, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H., 35 s. e. Concord, 485 W. The soil is adapted chiefly to grazing. Exeter r. piisses through it, and fur- nishes by its falls valuable mill scats. Incorporat- ed in 1742. Iron ore and vitriol combined with sul- phur have been found here. It has 2 stores, cap. $2 000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 cotton fac. 500 sp., 1 tan- nery, 4 grist m., 4 saw m., 4 schools, 25 scholars. Fop. 898. Brest, p-v., Frenchtown t., Monroe county, Michigan, 38 s. by w. Detroit, 6 Monroe, 491 W. Situated at the mouth of Stony creek. It has 1 saw m., 1 store, and a number of dwellings. I Brewer, p-t., Penobscot county. Me., 70 E. \. E. Augusta, 665 W. It lies on the E. side of Penobscot r. Separated from Orrington in 1812. Watered by a small stream which affords valu- able water power, on which are mills. It is ac- cessible for vessels by the Penobscot r. It has 4 stores, cap. $4,500; 3 tanneries, 1 rope fac, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,500. 13 schools, 741 scholars. Pop. 1,736. Brewer, t. Pike county. Ark. Pop. 284. Brewerton, p-v., Cicero t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 144 w. N. w. Albany, 362 W. It has 1 store, 40 dwellings, and 300 inhabitants. There is here a toll bridge over Oneida r. Brewerton, p-o., Laurens dist., S. C, 95 X. w. Columbia, 523 W. Brewer Village, p-o., Brewer t., Penobscot CO., Me., 72 E. N. e. Augusta, 667 VV. Brewingtox, p-o., .'Sumter dist., S. C, 81 e. by s. Columbia, 517 W. Brewster, p-t., Barnstable co., Ms., 90 s. E. Boston, 16 E. by n. Barnstable, 499 W It lies on Cape Cod Bay, and was separated from the N. part of Harwich in 1830. A stream issuing from a large pond affords mill seats. It has con- siderable manufactures ; but the inhabitants are chiefly employed in the fi.sheries. It has 4 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Baptist, 1 Metho- dist, and 1 Unitarian; 7 stores, cap. .$15,000; 3 tanneries, 2 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $12,888. 6 sch. 578 scholars. Pop. 1,522. Brewster's Ferry, p-o., Stephenson co., ni., 216 N. Springfield, 848 W. Brickersville, p-o., Lancaster co., Pa., 30 E. s. E. Harrisburg, 124 W. Brickland, p-o., Lunenburg co., Va., 95 s. s. w. Richmond, 211 VV. Brick Meeting House, p-o., Cecil co., Md., 78 N. e. Annapolis, 88 W. Bricksville, p-t., Cuyahoga co., C, 140 n. e. Columbus, 353 W. The Cuyahoga r. and the Ohio canal pass through the n. e. corner of the t. The soil is fertile. It has 1 store, cap. $8,000; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,100. 7 sch. 405 scholars. Pop. 1,124. Brickville, p-o., Lawrence co., Ala., 141 e. by N. Tuscaloosa, 781 VV. Bridesburg, p-v., Philadelphia co.. Pa., 153 E. by s. Harrisburg, 333 VV. Bridge Creek, p-o., Geauga co., O., 256 n. E. Columbus, 336 VV. Briugeiiampton, p-v., Southampton t., Suf- folk CO., N. v., 54 s. s. E. Albany, 283 W. It is an agricultural settlement in the eastern part of Long Island, and contains 1 church, 1 store, 2 wind mills, and 15 or 2J dwellings. Bridgeport, city and p-t., Fairfield co., Ct., 75 s. s. w. Hartford, 17 w. s. w. New Haven, 62 N. E. N. York, 270 VV. The t., which contains 10 square miles, was separated from Stratford in 1821. The city was incorporated in 1836. It stands on the w. side of an arm of Long Island sound, into the head of which Pequanock river, a considerable mill stream, enters. The harbor is 80 rods wide at high water, but not more than 12 of it has water at low tide. The bar, at its mouth, has 13 feet at high tide. There is a light- house on Fairweather Island. A mile and a half above its entrance, the harbor is crossed by a toll bridge, 1,237 feet long. The ground on which the city is built is elevated about 12 feet above high w'ater. n. w. of the city another more elevated plain commences, which gradu- ally rises to the height of 50 feet above the lower town, which affords a fine prospect of the sound and surrounding country. The city is neatly BRI 7^ BRI built, and contains 6 churches, — 2 Congregation- alists, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist, and 1 Roman Catholic. It has 2 banks, and 20 ves- sels engaged in the coasting trade, and 5 in the fisheries. Its manufactures, particularly of car- riages and saddles, are extensive. The Hous- atonic railroad connects this place with West Stockbridge, where it meets the railroad from Boston to Albany. Daily steamboats connect it with New York. It contains 73 stores, capital $323,500; 6 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 3,500 sp., 2 tanneries, 1 pottery, 1 ropewalk, 2 grist m., 3 printing offices, 2 weekly papers. Cap. in manufactures $436,300. 8 acad. 263 students, 13 sch. 564 scholars. Pop. 4,570. Bridgeport, p-o., Frederick co., Md. Bridgeport, p-v.. Pease t., Belmont co. O., 126 E. Columbus, 267 W. It is situated on the Ohio r. opposite to Wheeling, Va., and on the National road, along which it extends about half a mile. It has 1 wholesale, and 7 or 8 retail stores, and four warehouses, in which a great amount of flour and tobacco is stored. Its trade is considerable. Bridgeport, b., Fayette co.. Pa., situated on the e. bank of the Monongahela r., at the mouth of Dunlap's cr., over which is a bridge connect- ing it with Brownsville. It is on elevated bot- tom land, and has 6 stores, cap. $15,700 ; 1 pot- tery, 1 flouring m., 2 saw ra., 1 paper fac. Cap. in raanufac. $22,820. 1 sch. 80 scholars. Pop. 788 Bridgeport, p-o., Saginaw co., Mich., 85 n. w. Detroit, 609 W. Bridgeport, p-o., Franklin co., Ky., 5 Frank- fort, 547 W. Bridgeport, p-v., Harrison co., Va., 257 n. w. Richmond, 215 W Situated on Simpson's creek, a branch of w. fork of Monongahela river. It has a church, free to all denominations, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., various mechanics, and 20 dwellings. Bridgeport, p-v., Marion co., la., 9 Indian- apolis, 580 W. Bridgeport, p-c, Warren co.. Mo., 49 n. n. E. Jefl^erson city, 897 W. Bridgeport, p-v., Brown co.. Wis., 143 n. e. Madison, 953 W. Bridgeport, p-v., Seneca Falls t., Seneca co., N. Y., 132 w. by n. Albany, 363 W. Situated on Cayuga lake, at the w. end of Cayuga bridge. It contains 1 store, and 20 or 30 dwellings. Bridgeport Mills, p-o., Franklin co., Pa., 58 s. w. Harrisburg, H9 W. Bridgeto.n', p-t., Cumberland co.. Me., 63 s. w. Augusta, 577 W. Situated on Long Pond, from which there is a boatable communication to Portland, through the Oxford and Cumber- land canal. The soil is fertile, and the place is well situated for trade with the interior. It has 9 stores, cap., $11,800; 3 fulling m, 4 tanneries, 1 pottery, 5 grist m., 7 sawm. Cap. in raanufac. $16,350. 1 acad. 80 students, 18 schools, 769 scholars. Pop. 1,987. Bridge's T.\n Yard, p-o., Jackson co., Ala., 183 N. N. E., Tuscaloosa, 694 W. Bridgtown, p-v., port of entry, and capital of Cumberland co., N. J., 68 s. by w. Trenton, 179 W. It is situated on both sides of Cohansey cr., 20 miles from its entrance into the Delaware Bay, over which is a drawbridge, from which it derives its name. It has a court house of brick, in the middle of a street, on the w. side of the creek, a stone jail, and public oflices. On the E. side of the creek are a Presbyterian, a Bap- tist, and a Methodist church ; a bank, with a capital of $200,000, an academy, a public library, and various manufactorius. Thirty sloops of from 50 to 80 tons sail from the place. On the w. side of the cr. are very extensive iron works, which employ about 125 persons, whose wages is about $30,000 annually. Tonnage of the port in 1840, 14,171 tons. Bridgetown, p-o., Caroline co., Md. Bridgetovv.n, p-o., Northampton co., Va , 163 e. by s. Richmond, 227 W. Bridgeville, p-v., Thompson t., Sullivan co., N. Y., 106 s. s. w. Albany, 2S9 W. It is situated on Neversink river, and contains 1 store, 1 exten- sive tannery, 20 dwellings, and 125 inhabitants. Bridgeville, p-v., Oxford t., Warren co., N. J., 60 N. by w. Trenton, 215 W. Bridgeville, p-v., Sussex co., Del., 38 w. by s. Dover, 115 W. Situated on the s. side of Nanticoke r. Bridgeville, p-v.. Perry t., Muskingum co., O., 62 e. Columbus, 331 W. It contains 2 grist m., 1 saw m., &c. Bridgeville, p-o.. Dale county, Ala., 216 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 896 W. Bridgew.^ter, p-t., Grafton co., N. H., 37 n. -N. w. Concord, 516 W. Pemigewasset r. runs on its E. border, and Newfound pond, a large body of water, lies on its w. border. It is a good graz- ing t. First settled in 1766. It has 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,550. 7 sch. 260 scholars. Pop. 747. Bridgewater, p-t., Plymouth co., Ms., 25 s. by E. Boston, 18 n. w. Plymouth, 433 W. Wa- tered by branches of Taunton river. The soil is moderately good, and it has considerable manu- factures. Tne v. contains 3 churches — 2 Con- gregational, 1 New Jerusalem — an academy, and about 50 dwellings. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $11,000; 3 furnaces, 1 paper fac, 2 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $139,000. 1 acad. 45 students, 13 sch. 577 scholars. Pop. 2,131. Bridgewater, p-t., Windsor co., Vt., 78 s. Montpelier, 458 W. Watered by Queechy river and its branches, which afford considerable water power. The surface of the town is uneven, but it has considerable good land. An inexhaustible quarry of steatite or soapstone is found here, which has been extensively WTOught. Iron ore is also found. First settled, 1780. Organized in 1785. The Congregationalists, Baptists, Metho- dists, and Universalists, have each a church. It has 3 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 3 fulling m., 3 wool- len fac, 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $29,870. 15 sch. 435 scholars. Pop. 1,363. Br idgewater, p-o., Litchfield co., Ct., 56 w. Hartford, 315 W. Bridgewater, t., Williams county, O. Has 1 store, cap. $250. Pop. 110. Bridgewater, p-t., Oneida co., N. Y., 81 w. by N. Albany, 15 s. Utica, 370 W. The surface is uneven, and the soil good for grazing. Drained by Unadilla river, which rises here. The vil- lage contains 50 dwellings and 350 inhabitants. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $11,000; 1 tan- nery, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $6,350. 10 sch. 437 scholars. Pop. 1,418. Bridgewater, t., Somersetco., N.J. The sur- face is mountainous on the n. e. ; elsewhere, level or undulating. It has 16 stores, cap. $41,000; 3 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 5 tanneries, 1 distillery, 5 grist m., 2 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $69,050. Pop. 3,983. Bridgewater, p-v., Bucks county, Pa., 113 E. by N. Harrisburg, 153 W. Bridgewater, b., Beaver co., Pa. Situated on the w. side of Beaver river. It has 2 sch. 120 scholars. Pop. 631. BRI ^ BRI Bridgewatkk, t., Washtenaw county, Mich. Drained by the n. branch of Raisin river. It has 1 flouring m., 2 saw m. Bridge\vater,p-v., Rockingham county, Va., 139 N. w. Richmond, 13.) W. Pop. 256. Bridges, t., Taney county, Bio. Bridport, p-t., Addison county. Vt., 79 s. W. Montpeher, 12 w. by s. Middlebury, 475 W. It lies on Lake Champlain, opposite Crown Point. The surface is level, and the soil a fertile clay loam. It has a landing place on the lake. The water of the town is impregnated with Epsom salts, of which a pailfull of water has, in some instances, yielded a pound. First settled perma- nently, 176S. It has 6 stores, cap. $25,00() ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,000. II sch. 300 scholars. Pop. 1,480. Brier Creek, p-t., Columbia county, Pa., 94 N. Harrisburg, 205 VV. Pop. 1,905. Brier Creek, p-o., Wilkes co., N. C, 17 w. N. w. Raleigh, 376 W. Brier, creek, Ga., a tributary of the Savan- nah, 100 miles long. Brighton, p-t., Somerset county. Me., 57 n. Augusta, 652 VV. Organized in 1816. It lies on the road from Hallovvell to Quebec. It has 1 store, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,125. 7sch. S-iO scliolars. Pop. 803. BRiGnT0xN% p-t., Middlesex co., Ms., 5 w. Bos- ton, 433 W. The soil is good, but made much better by high cultivation. Watered by Charles river on its n. boundary. It contains many beautiful country seats, a bank, 1 Congregational and 1 Unitarian church. It is distinguished as the most extensive cattle market in the country. Neat cattle, sheep, and swine, have been sold here to the amount of $2,449,231 in a year. It has 12 stores, cap. $30,000 ; 1 acad. 48 students, 4 sch. 200 scholars. Pop. 1,425. Brighto.n, t., Essex co., Vt. It has 2 saw m., 3 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. l57. Brighton, p-t., Monroe co., N. Y., 217 w. by N. Albany, 3 e. Rochester, 3G6 W. Surface undulating ; soil sandy, gravelly, or clay loam. Watered by Genesee r., and small streams which enter Irondequot bay. The v. is on the Erie canal. It has 1 Presbyterian church, 1 store, 30 dwellings, and 200 hihabitants. There are in the t., 2 powder m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,250. 15 sch. 618 scholars. Pop. 2,336. Brighton, p-v., B(!avcr co.. Pa., 231 w. by N. Harrisburg, 257 W. It is situated on the w. side of Big Beaver r., 4 miles from the Ohio, and is a beautiful and llourisliing jilace. A bridge, 500 feet long, connects it on the e. with New Brigh- ton. The water power here is very great, and it has 1 large flouring m., a cotton fac. 1,2J0 sp., a paper fac, 1 tannery, and a commodious church ; 2 stores, cap. $5,900 ; 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 321. There are in the t., 2 stores, cap. $1,300 ; 1 pottery, 3 saw m., 7 sch. 220 scholars. Pop. 902. Brighton, p-t., Lorain co., O., 105 N. by i;. Columbus, 374 W. It lias 3 sch. 52 scholars. Pop. 299. Brighton, p-t., Livingston co., Mich., 42 n. W. Detroit, 551 W. Drained by branciies of Huron r. It has 4 stores, cap. j!il6,000; 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 5 sch. 157 schol- ars. Pop. 786. Brighton, p-o., Lagrange co., la., 181 n. by E. Indianapolis, 571 W. Brighton, p-v., Macoupin co.. 111., 12 n. Al- ton, 71 s. by w. Springfield, 814 W. It has 2 stores, a castor oil fac, and 12 or 15 families. Brighton, p-v., Washington co., Iowa, about 37 s. s. w. Iowa oily. Brighton Centre, p-v., Clark co., O., 33 Columbus, 426 W. Situated on the National road. Brightsvii-le, p-v., Marlborough dist., S. C, 117 N. E. Columbia, 419 W. Brimfield, p-t., Hampden co., Mass., 68 w. by s. Boston, 19 e. by. n. Springfield, 378 W. Watered by Chicopee and Quinebaug rivers. Incorporated, 1731. It is a good farming t. It has 3 stores, cap. $6,700 ; 1 cotton fac. 1,322 sp., . 1 tannery. Cap. in manufac. $43,300. 11 sch. 300 scholars. Pop. 1,419. Bri.mfield, p-t.. Portage co., O., 150 n. e. Colurnbus, 10 s. w. Ravenna. It is a fertile and prosperous farming towTi. It has 8 sch. 212 schol- ars. Pop. 1,153. Brimmersville, p-o., Steuben co., N. Y, 235 w. s. w. Albany, 290 W. Brindleton, p-o., Burke co., N. C, 211 w. Raleigh, 441 W. Brinton, p-o., Champaign co., O. Bringiers, p-o. & C. H., St. James par.. La., 58 w. by N. New Orleans, 1,230 W. Situated on s. side of the Mississippi r. Contains the court house, and a few dwellings along the r. Brinkleyville, p-v., Hahiax CO., N. C, 90 n. t. Raleigh, 236 W. Brinsonville, p-o., Burke co., Ga., 78 e. by s. Milledgeville, 627 W. Bristersburg, p-o., Fauquier co., Va. Bristol, p-t., Lmcoln co., Me., 39 s. s. e. Au- gusta, 607 W. It lies E. of the Damariscotta r., and s. on the Atlantic. Watered by Pemaquid r., which affords water power. It has good har- bors, and considerable sliipping, engaged chiefly in the coasting trade and the fisheries. The first settlement in Maine was commenced here in 1625. Incorporated in 1765. It has 7 stores, cap. $4,900 ; 1 fulling m., 4 tanneries, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,300. 19 sch. 1,014 scholars. Pop. 2,945. Bristol, p-t., Grafton co., N. H., 30 n. Con- cord, 511 W. It has part of Newfound lake or pond, 6 miles long, and 2 or 3 broad, in its n. w. part. The outlet of this lake passes through the t., and enters Pemigewasset r., and aflTords good water power. The surface of the t. is uneven, but tlie soil is good. First settled in 1770. In- corporated in 1819. It has 6 stores, cap. $12,800 ; 6 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 4 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $-17,400. 1 acad. 25 students, 9 sch. 315 scholars. Pop. 1,153. Bristol, p-t., Addison co., Vt., 50 s. w. Monlpelier, 490 W. The e. part of the t. lies on the Green JMountains, and is rough, but w. of this, the surface is level, and the soil is very productive. Watered by New Haven r. and its tributaries, Baldwin and Lewis creeks, which alford water power. It has 4 stores, cap. $2,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,700. 8 sch. 400 schol- ars. Pop. 1,233. Bristol, county, Mass., lies in the s. part of the state. It has the Atlantic ocean and Buz- zards bay on the s. Watered by Taunton r., which affords good vv'ater power. It has an area of 600 sq. ins. The soil is but moderately good, but its extensive sea coast affords great advantages lor navigation. New Bedford, its largest town, in its tonnage, is the second in the stale. It is as much distinguished for its manu- factures, as for its navigation. Capitals, New Bedford and Taunton. There were hi 1810 neat cattle 1.5,141, sheep 15,060, swine 13,052; wheat 3,705 bush, produced, rye 21,100, Ind- corn 152,558, barley 17,601, oats 63,526, potatoes 345,519 ; 2 for. commercial houses, cap. $50,517 i BRI 81 BRO 430 ret. stores, cap. $923,993; cap. in lumber trade, $103,300 ; cap. in fisheries, $5,930,800 ; salt produced 35,200 bushels ; 11 fuUing m., 7 woollen fac, 55 cotton fac. 101,282 sp., 10 furna- ces, 19 tanneries, 6 potteries, 61 grist m., 73 saw m., 1 oil m., 8 printing offices, 2 daily, 6 weekly- newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $4,162,154. 10 acad. 612 .students, 331 sch. 11,192 scholars. Pop. 1830, 49,474 ; 1840, 60,164. Bristol, county, R. I., in the n. e. part of the state, between Mount Hope bay, on the e., and Narragansett bay, on the s. and w. It enjoys great facilities for navigation ; and the soil is fer- tile, being a deep and rich gravelly loam. The surface is diversified. Capital, Bristol. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,462, sheep 3,511, swine 1,691 ; wheat 127 bush, produced, rye 1,819, Ind. corn 19,160, oats 11,429, potatoes 27,991 ; 16 for. commercial stores, cap. $314,200 ; 64 ret. stores, cap. $131,075 ; 1 cotton fac. 6,000 sp., 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 ropewalks, 6 grist m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly papers. Cap. in manufac. $219,731. Cap. in fisheries, $637,500; 4 acad. 270 students, 19 sch. 742 scholars. Pop. 1830, 5,466 ; 1810, 6,476. Bristol, p-t., port of entry and capital of Bristol CO., R. I., 18 s. by e. Providence, 418 W. It is on the E. side of Narragansett bay, and has a good harbor. It is extensively engaged both in the coasting trade and the fisheries. The V. contains a court house, 5 churches, 1 Baptist, 1 Christian, 1 Congregational, 1 Episco- pal, 1 Methodist, and 2 banks. The tonnage of this district in 1840 was, 15,890. In this t. lies Mount Hope, about 2 ms. n. e. of the court house, which is a fine elevation, about 300 feet above tide water. Here the celebrated King Philip, chief of the Pequods, and the terror of the early colonists, held his court. The view from the summit of Momit Hope is in a high de- gree beautiful. It has 9 for. commission houses, cap. $130,20J; 41 ret. stores, cap. $70,075; cap. in fisheries, $220,000; 1 cotton fac. 6,000 sp., 3 grist m., 1 ropewalk, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $155,706. 9 sch. 427 scholars. Pop. 3,490. Bristol, p-t., Hartford co., Ct., 17 s. w. Hart- ford, 338 W. It is watered by branches of Far- mington r. Organized in 1785. The surface is hilly, but the soil is tolerably fertile. But it is more distinguished as a manufacturing, than as an agricultural town. Clocks and buttons are extensively manufactured here. It has 5 stores, cap. $20,500 ; 4 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tarmeries, 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $160,000. 1 acad. 25 students, 12 sch. 488 scholars. Pop. 2,109. Bristol, t., Philadelphia co.. Pa. Watered by Tacony cr., which aff()rds water power. It has 6 stores, cap. $6,050 ; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 1,400 sp., 1 dyeing and printing ■estab., 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $155,250. 5 sch. 276 scholars. Pop. 1,734. Bristol, p-t. Ontario co., N. Y., 212 w. Al- bany, 9 s. w. Canandaigua, 349 W. The sur- face is moderately uneven, and the soil, in some parts, very fertile. Watered by Mud cr. There IS a village at the centre, where is an inflamma- ble spring. There are in the t., 3 stores, cap. $14,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 distilleries, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,0<30. 13 sch. 627 scholars. Pop. 1,953. Bristol, t., Morgan co., O. Drained by Meigs creek. It has 2 grist m., 5 saw m., 11 sch. 409 .scholars. Pop. 1,645. Bristol, p-o., Anne Arundel co., 3Id., 31 n. N. w. Annapolis, 51 W. 11 Bristol, p-b., Bucks co.. Pa., 115 e. by s. Harrisburg, 155 W. Situated on the w. bank of the Delaware r.. 20 ms. above Philadelphia. It ia a beautiful village, and has a bank, several churches, and 250 dwellings. The houses are many of them built with neatness and taste. The Delaware branch of the Pennsylvania ca- nal terminates here, in a spacious basin, which communicates with Delaware r. A great amount of coal, from tlie coal region of Pa., passes through it. There were in 1840, 10 stores, cap. ■;65,000; 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,500. 2 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 1,433. Bristol, t., Bucks co., Pa., in which the above borough is situated. It has 3 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 4 grist m., 1 college, 30 students, 2 sch. 391 scholars. Pop. 1,450. Bristol, pt., Lapeer co., Mich., 43 n. Detroit, 563 W. Drained by Bell and Clinton rivers. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,000 ; 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,000. 6 sch. 170 scholars. Pop. 884. Bristol, p-v., Elkhart co., Ia., 162 n. Indian- apolis, 601 W. Bristol, p-o., Kendall co.. 111. Bristol, p., Racine co., Wis. ter., 99 s. E. Madison city, 780 W. Bristol Centre, p-o., Bristol t., Onondaga CO., N. Y., 208 w. Albany, 344 W. Bristol Mills, p-o., Lincoln co., Me., 42 s. s. w. Augusta, 610 W. Bristolville, p-o., Bristol t., Trumbull co., O., 173 N. E. Columbus, 314 W. It is a fine township of land, has 7 sch. 280 scholars. Pop. 806. Britton's Store, p-o., Bertie co., N. C., 141 E. N. E. Raleigh, 234 W. Broadalbin, p-t., Fulton co., N. Y., 42 n. w. Albany, 423 W. It is a good grazing t. Several creeks furnish mill seats. It has 9 stores, cap. $19,350 ; 3 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 6 tanneries, 4 paper fac, 3 grist m., 28 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 printing office. Cap. in manufac. $81,611. 13 sch. 635 scholars. Pop. 2,738. Broad Brook, p-o., Hartford co., Ct., 15 Hart- ford, 351 W. Broad Creek, hund., Sussex co., Del. It has 10 stores, cap. ,$7,630 ; 1 furnace, 10 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,335. 2 sch. Ill scholars. Pop. 2,640. Broad Creek, p-o.. Queen Anne co., Md., 12 E. Annapolis, 52 W. Broadford, p-o., Smyth co., Va., 231 w. s. w. Richmond, 349 W. Broad, river, Ga., one of the western branches of Savannah r., which it enters at Petersburg. Broad, river, S. C, an arm of the sea, between Port Royal Island and the main land. Beaufort is situated on this r. Broad, river, S. C, rises in N. Carolina, re- ceives Pacolet and Tiger rivers, from the w., and unites with the Saluda, above Columbus, to form the Congaree. Broad Kill, hund., Sussex co., Del., has 23 stores, cap. $128,950; 3 tanneries, 5 grist m., 6 saw ni., 2 printing offices, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $35,200. 3 acad. 102 students, 4 com. sch. 116 scliolars. Pop. 3,741. Broad Top, p-o., Huntingdon co , Pa., 92 w. Harrisburg, 118 W. Broad Top, t., Bedford co.. Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $4,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,900. 1 sch. 22 scholars. Pop. 987. Brockets' Bridge, p-o., Oppenheim t., Ful- ton CO., N. Y., 63 N. w. Albany, 393 W. Brockett's, p-o., Effingham co., 111., 97 s. e. Springfield tt s, p-o. , 726 W. BRO 82 BRO Brockport, p-v., Sweden t., Monroe co., N. j tered by sicveral ponds, with their outlets, form- Y., 235 w. N. w. Albany, 3-^4 W. Situated on | in;; ihe branches of White r. It has fine springs the Erie canal. Incorporated, 1 829. It contains I Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 3Ieih()dist church, an academy ; 1 1 stores, cap. $53,000 ; 1 furnace, 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, '2 grist m., saw rn., 1 carding machine, and 1 carriage fac. Cap. in manufao. !j;3;>,895. 6 sch. 485 scholars. Fop. i,-2iy. Brock's G.\p, p-o., Rockingham co., Va., 148 N. w. Richmond, 123 W. Brockville, p-v., Steuben co., la., 188 n. n. E. Indianapolis, 547 W. Brock w.wsviLLE, p-o., Jefferson co., Va. Broken Arrow, p o., St. Clair co., Ala., 109 N. E. Tuscaloosa, 732 W. Broken Straw, t., Warren co.. Pa. It has 3 stores, cap. $12,000; 2 furnaces, 1 tannery, 5 grist m., 17 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $33,700. 10 sch. 220 scliolars. Pop. 1,149. Broken Sword, p-o., Crawford co., O., "70 n. Columbus, 414 W. Situ'ited on Broken Sword or., which nms s. w. into Sandusky r. Bii,0NS0.\, pt., Huron co., O., 2 .s. Norwalk, 102 N. by E. Columbus, 395 W. Watered by branches of Huron r. It is a good township of land, under a fine state of cultivation. It has II sch. 37S scholars. Pop. 1,291. Bro.\so.\'s Prairie, p-o., Bronson t.. Branch CO., Mich., 121 w. s. w. Detroit, 570 W. In the t. are 3 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. 1 1,200. 5 sch. 90 scholars. Pop. 622. Bronx, p-o., Westchester co., N. Y., 137 s. Albany, 21b W. Situated near Bronx r., which rises in Westchester co., and after a course of 25 ms. enters East r. opposite to Flushing bay. Brook, do., Jasper co., la., 116 n. w. Indian- apolis, 675 W. Brooke, county, Va., in the extreme n. w. part of the state, contains 150 sq. ms. The sur- face is very uneven, and the soil fertile. Wa- tered by several small creeks, that enter the Ohio r., which bounds the co. on the w. Some iron ore and bituminous coal ore found here. Capital, Wellsburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,430, sheep 33,948, swine 11,322; wheat 139,933 bush, produced, rye 4,629, Ind. corn 135,246, buckwheat 9,351, oats 143,567, potatoes 63,140 ; bituminous coal 194,574, sugar 5,614 pounds ; 15 stores, cap. $83,300 ; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 1,300 sp., 4 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 glass fac. and glass cutting, 3 potteries, 26 flouring rn., 1 grist m., '-i9 saw m., 1 paper fac, 2 printing offices, 1 weekly newspaper,l periodical. Cap. in manufac. $45J,293. 4 acad. 140 students, 22 sch. 600 scholars. Pop. 1830, 7,040; 1810 whites 7,0S10, slaves 91,frcecol'd77; total, 7,948. BRooKFiin.n, p-t., Carroll co., N. H., 40 n. e. Concord, 527 W. Incorporated in 1794. Cook's pond, near the centre of the place, is the source of the w. branch of Salmon Fall r. There is a still larger pond on its n. w. border, which enters Winnipiscogee lake. It has 2 stores, cap. $t,.50i); 1 tannery, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,550. 4 sch. 172 scholars. Pop. 553. BROOKFiEi.n, p t., Worcester CO., Mass., 60 w. Bo:-ton, 3 i8 W. Incorporated in 1673. Being on its first settlement a frontier t., it suffered much from the attacks of the Indians. It i.s a flourishing agricultural town, well adapted to grazing. It has 7 stores, cap. $16,700; 1 fulling rn., 1 tannery, 1 furnace, 3 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 printing ofiice. Cap. in manufac. $24,150. 1 acatl. 35 students, 14 sch. 667 scholars. Pop. 2, 472. Brookfiei.o, ]) t.. Orange co., Vt., 17 s. Mont- pelier, 501 W. This is an elevated and fine township of land, well cultivated, and especially adapted to grazing. Incoiporated in 1780. Wa- There is in the t. an inexhaustible bed of marl, It has Congregationalist, Baptist, Methodist, and Universalist churches; 2 stores, cap. 11,000; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,3)0. 1 acad. 50 students, 13 sch. 026 scholars. Pop. 1,7S9. Brookfikld, t., Morgan co., O., in the N. part of the county. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,200 ; 1 fulling m., 1 distillery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in rnaimfac. $4,625. 8 sch. 226 scholars. Pop. 1,426. Brookfield, v., Tuscarawas t.. Stark co., O^ 10 w. Canton. It has 1 church, 1 store, 2 tan- neries, 1 large steam flouring m. It has 2 sch. 58 scholars. Pop. 315. Brookfield, t., Milwaukee co., Mich. It has 1 school, 16 scholars. Pop. 148. Brookfield, p t., Fairfield co., Ct., 60 s. w. Hartford, 6 n. by E. Danbury, 299 W. The surface is uneven, and the soil well adapted to grain. Wa- tered by the Housatonic on its x. E. border. Still r., a branch of the Housatonic, passes through the town, from s. to n. It has a Congregational and an Episcopal church. The Housatonic railroad passes through the place. It has 4 stores, cap. $13,200; 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,700. 8 schools, 317 scholars. Pop. 1,488. Brookfield, p t., Madison co., IN. Y., 88 w. by N. Albany, 363 W. The surface is uneven, and the soil a calcareous loam. Watered by the Una- dilla river and its tributaries. It has 7 stores, cap. $14,150 ; 2 fulling m., 4 tanneries, 6 grist ra., 19 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $40,825. 2'J sell. 1,519 scholars. Pop. 3,695. Brookfield, p-t., Tioga co.. Pa., 174 n. by w. Harrisburg, 288 W. It has 1 saw m., 3 sch. 107 scholars. Pop. 431. Brookfield, p-t., Trumbidl co., O., 183 n. e Columbus, 295 W. It lies on the Pennsylvania line. It has a flourishing village 2i m. from the line, where are 2 churches, and about 20 or 30 dwellings. Pop. of t. 1,302. Brookhaven, t., Suffolk co., N. Y., crosses Long Island, and contains 215 sq. ms. It has several good harbors on Long Island Sound, and a light-house on Old Field Point. Drained by Connecticut brook and other small streams, which furnish mill seats. The interior is covered with pine plains and shrub oaks, still inhabited by some deer. South Bay, nearly 100 miles long, and from 2 to 5 wide, on the s. side of the island, which borders this town on the s., furnishes fish, clams, and oysters, and admits small vessels. The soil on Long Island Sound is a sandy loam, and inclines to a light sand toward the s. Ron- concoma pond, 2 miles in circumference, on its w. border, is about the middle of the island. There are 12 villages and post-oflSces in the town. It has 33 stores, cap. $101,600; 1 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 1,032 sp., 6 tanneries. 2 paper fac, 11 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. inman- utac. $112,4S5. 2 acad. 85 students, 36 schools, l,9^0 scholars. Pop. 7,050. Brookhaven, p v., Lawrence co., 3Iiss. Brookline, p-t., Windham county, Vt., 110 s. Montpelier, 439 W. Taken from Athens and Puttney, and incorporatei65. BaooKLiNE, p-v., Madison Co., Ga., 85 n. Mil- ledgeville, 608 W. Brooklyn, p-t., capital of Windham Co., Ct., 44 E. by N. Hartford, 371 W. Finely watered by Quinebaug r. and Blackwell's stream. The surface is uneven and stony, but the soil is strong, particularly adapted to grazing, and well culti- vated. The v., at the centre, contains 3 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Baptist, and 1 Unitarian — a court house, jail, a bank, and a printing oflice, and 50 dwellings. The county seat was removed from Windham to this place in 1820. It has 7 stores, cap. $29,300 ; 1 cotton fac. 1,500 sp., 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Capital in manufac. $37,900. 1 acad. 25 students, 10 sch. 356 scholars. Pop. 1,438. Brooklyn, city, p-t., and capital of Kings co., N. Y., 146 s. Albany, 2:J6 W. Situated on the w. end of Long Island, opposite the lower part of the city of JNew York. Population, 1810, 4,402 ; 1820,7,175; 1830, 15,396; 18 tO, 36,233. Em- ployed in commerce, 1,673 ; in manufactures and trades 4,666 ; navigating the ocean, 978 ; do. canals and rivers, 302 ; learned professions and engineers, 307. It is the second place in popu- lation in the state, and the seventh in the United Stales. It is separated from New York by an arm of the ocean, three fourths of a mile wide, generally denominated the East River, which connects the Bay of New York with Long Island Sound. The ground on which the city is built was originally quite uneven, and though much has been done by grading, to destroy its uneven- ness of surface, yet, happily, nature has present- ed too great obstacles to be overcome, and many of tlie natural beauties of its situation remain, to a considerable extent, unimpaired. The vicinity of the city of New York presents no finer situa- tions than are to be found on the high grounds of Brooklyn. The city is regularly laid out. The streets, with the exception of Fulton-street, are generally straight, 60 feet wide, and cross each other at right angles. JSome of the streets have a greater width. Fulton-st., the principal thorough- fare, though crooked, has been widened to an am- ple width ; the old houses with which it was for- merly lined near the ferry, have been replaced by rows of lofty brick buildings, and present an entrance to the city quite as imposing as any single entrance to the city of New York. Brook- lyn is one of the finest built cities, of its extent, in the United States. Its beautiful situation, good air, and excellent water, have made it a favorite place of residence to many persons who do bu- siness in New York, as it is nearer to the centre of business in that city, than residences in the upper parts of the city of New York ; and have given it a most rapid growth. The increa>e of population from 1830 to 1840 was 20,917. Brook- lyn is connected with New York by 4 steam fer- ries, on each of which several commodious boats continually run. The ferry from Fulton-street in Brooklyn, to Fulton-street hi New York, is 731 yards wide ; that from 3Iain-street, Brooklyn, to Catharine-street, New Y'ork, is 736 yards ; the Jackson-street, or Navy Y'ard ferry, is 707 yards ; the Soutli ferry, from Atlantic street, Brooklyn, to Whitehall, New York, is about 1,300 yards wide. The time of crossing is generally from 4 to 5 minutes. The city limits have the same ex- tent as the former town of Brooklyn, having an irregular shape, 6 miles long, and 4 broad, at its greatest breadth. This large territory has been laid out into blocks and streets, and the corner posts fixed by commissioners, appointed by the Legislature ; but the thickly settled parts are con- fined to a small part of this territory. Brooklyn was cliartered as a city in 1831. It is divided into 9 wards, and is governed by a Mayor and Common Council. A new city hall, projected a number of years since, on a magnificent plan, to be built of white marble, but badly located, has never progressed beyond the basement story, and is altogether beyond the present wants of the city. The Common Council and city offices are at present well accommodated at the City Build- ings, (formerly Apprentices' Library,) purchased for the purpose, in the centre of business. The jail is a handsome building of freestone, and the county clerk's office is a fire-proof brick edifice. There are in the city 30 churches — 7 Presbyte- rian, 7 Episcopal, 3 Dutch Reformed, 2 Baptist, 7 Methodist, 2 Roman Catholic, 1 Unitarian, and 1 Friends'. There are 3 banks m Brooklyn, with an aggregate capital of $1,000,000, besides a Sav- ings bank. There are 3 insurance companies, with a total capital of $452,000. The Lyceum in Wasliington- street, is a fine granite building, with a spacious lecture room. 'The city library of 3,000 volumes, has a fine reading room, and is open daily. The Hamilton Literary Association, composed of young men, is a flourishing institu- tion, and supports, annually, an able course of lectures, which are numerously atterided. There were in 1840, 5 for. commercial houses, cap. $109,500; 154 retail stores, cap. $353,000; several lumber yards, cap. $40,000 ; products of the dairy $197,000, machinery $182,000, hats and caps 81li2,OC0, 1 tannery, manufacture of leather $162,600, 5 distilleries, 1 brewery, cap. $357,000 ; paints, drugs, &c., cap. $322,00J ; 1 glass house, employing 100 persons, capiial !;515,000; 4 rope walks, cap. $65,000 ; 3 printing offices, 1 daily, 3 weekly, 1 semi-weekly newspapers. Capital in manuiac. $1,386,500. 19 acad. 1,121 students, 3S scliools, 4,633 scholars. The United States' Navy Yard, situated on Wallabout Bay, covers 40 acres of ground, en- closed by a bnck wall on the land side, and con- tains 2 large ship houses, 7 extensive limber sheds built of brick, and several worksiiops, offices for the officers, and extensive storehouses. A dry dock will soon be constructed at this place. Con- nected with the Navy Yard, is the United States Naval Lyceum, a flourishing institution, which has a valuable library and museum. The Naval Hospital occupies a commanding eminence, half a mile e. of the Navy Yard, and has a large build- ing surrounded by 33 acres of cultivated ground, enclosed by a brick wall. The Greenwood Cem- etery is in the s. part of Brooklyn, has 200 acres of land, of a variety of surface, and in its higher parts, commands an extensive and beautiful view of the harbor and city of New York, of the sur- roimding country, and of the Atlantic ocean. It is designed to embellish the grounds, and to make it an ornament to the city. The "Atlantic Do ok Company" are constructing a large basin, within Red Hook Point, wliich will contain 42i acres, and the outside pier of which will extend 3,000 feet, fronting on Buttennilk channel, and the BRO 84 BRO depth of which will accommodate the largest ships ; the whole estimated to cost $624,527. This additional wharf-room is rendered necessarj', by the crowded state of the docks at New York. At the foot of Brooklyn Heights, the finest water is obtained from wells and reservoirs for the sup- ply of the shipping of New York harbor. In August, 1776, this part of Long Island be- came the seat of the Revolutionary war, and the remains of the fortifications then thrown up, are still to be seen in Brooklyn ; though many of them have been obliterated in the regulation of streets. At the clo.«e of the Revolutionary war, there were but 56 houses in the place. Near the Navy Yard at the Wallabout, are interred the remains of 11,000 Americans, who perished in the British prison ships, moored in the bay, dur- ing the Revolutionary war. Brooklyn, p-t., Susquehanna co., Pa., 171 n. N. E. Harrisburg, 278 W. 3Iartins creek forms its E. boundary. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,3U0 ; 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 5 saw m., 1 paper fac. Cap. in manufac. $12,285. 1 acud. 19 students, 10 schools, 280 scholars. Pop. 1,474. Brooklyn, p-t., Cuyahoga co., O., 145 n. n. e. Columbus, 360 W. Ohio city, opposite to Cleve- land, has been taken from this town, and was formerly a part of it. It has 1 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,000. 1 acad. 40 students, 11 schools, 562 scholars. Pop. 1,409. Brooklyn, p-o., Halifax co., Va., 145 s. w. Richmond, 232 W. It contains 2 stores, 1 tanne- ry, several mechanics, 12 dwellings, and 60 in- habitants. Brooklyn, p-o., Schuyler co., HI., 77 w. n. w. Springfield, 857 W. Brooklyn, p-o., Conecuh co., Ala., 180 s. by E. Tu.scaloosa, 932 W. Brooklyn, p-o., Jackson co., Ala., 71 n. n. e. Tuscaloosa, 531 W. Brooklyn, p-o., Noxubee co.. Miss., 126 n. e. Jackson, 891 W. Brookneal, p-v., Campbell co., Va., 122 w.s. w. Richmond, 209 W. Beautifully situated on the n. bank of Staunton r. It has 1 Baptist church, 2 stores, 1 tannery, and several mechanics, and contains 15 dwellings. Pop. 61 wliites, 48 blacks ; total, 109. Brooks, p-t, Waldo co.. Me., 45 n. e. Augusta. Incorporated in 1816. It has 4 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,077. 5 sch. 373 scholars. Pop. 910. Brook's Grove, p-o.. Mount Morris t., Liv- ingston CO., N. Y., 249 w. Albany, 3G0 W. Brookville, p-t., Hancock county, Mc, 79 e. Augusta, 675 W. It lies on the e. side of Penob- scot bay, and is conveniently situated for naviga- tion, having navigable water on 3 sides. It has 1 fulling m., 3 grist m., 2 saw m., 11 schools, 582 Bcholars. Pop. 1,246. Brookville, p-o., Alexander t., Genesee co., N. Y., 255 w. Albany, 385 W. Brookville, p o., Montgomery co., Md., 64 x. N. w. Annapolis, 24 W. Brookville, p-b., JefTcrson co.. Pa., 167 n. w. Harrisburg, 256 W. It contains a brick court house and offices, 4 stores, and 40 or 50 dwellings. The first building was erected in 1830. It has 8 stores, cap. $22,080 ; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly news- paper. Capitiil in manufac. $11,040. lacad. 25 students, 1 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 276. Brookville, p-v., capital, Franklin co., Ia.,69 s. e. Indianapolis, 519 W. Situated a little above the junction of e. and w. forks of Whitewater r. Brookville, p-v.. Bracken co., Ky., 65 n. e. Frankfort, 495 W. Brookville, p-v., Marion co.. Mo., 119 n. k, E. JefTerson city, 933 W. Brooksville, p-o., Albemarle co., Va., 98 N. w. Richmond, 140 W. Brooksville, p-o., Randolph co., Ga., 151 a w. Milledgeville, 807 W. Brooksville, p-o., Blount co., Ala., 114 n. n E. Tuscaloosa, 724 W. Broo.me, county, N. Y., situated in the s. part of the state, contains 627 sq. ms. The son is adapted to grazing, and is fertile. It contains several sulphur and 1 or 2 salt springs. Water- ed by Susquehanna, Chenango, and Toughnioga rivers, and Nanticoke creek. A large amount of lumber is floated down the Susquehanna river to Chesapeake bay. The Chenango canal connects Binghamton with the Erie canal at Utica. Capi- tal, Binghamlon. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 23,546, sheep 50,669, swine 12,880; wheat 66,369 bushels produced, rye 26,443, Indian com 84,033, buckwheat 31,259, potatoes 303,812, sugar 62,054 pounds ; 49 stores, cap. $180,300 ; 9 fulling m., 14 tanneries, 1 distillery, 23 grist m., 144 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $44,595. 3 acad. 165 students, 167 schools, 6,627 scholars. Pop. 1830, 17,582 ; 1840, 22,338. Broome, t, Schoharie co., N. Y., 33 w. Alba- ny, The surface is hilly and mountainous ; soil, light sandy loam. Drained by Schoharie creek and its tributaries, and by Catskill cr. It has 8 stores, cap. $10,300 ; 2 tanneries, 2 grist mills, 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,950. 17 sch. 759 scholars. Pop. 2,404. Brothers Valley, t., Somerset county. Pa. Drained by Castlemans r. It has 2 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 3 fulling m., 4 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 6 grist ra., 10 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $8,150. 5 schools, 125 scholars. Pop. 1,548. Brotherton, p-o., Anne Arundel co., Md., 10 N. by w. Annapolis, 50 W. Brotzmaxsville, no., Warren co., N. J., 78 N. N. w. Trenton, 226 W. Browers, p-o., Berks co.. Pa., 66 n. e. Harris- burg, 159 W. Brower's Mills, p-o., Randolph co., N. C, 73 w. by s. Raleigh, 347 W. Brown, county, O., in the s. w. part of the stale, contains about 470 sq. ms. It lies on the Ohio r. Watered by Eagle, Red-oak, Straight, and White-oak creeks. The surface on the Ohio is somew'hat broken, but at the distance of 5 ms. becomes level. The soil is generally good, and in some parts excellent. Organized in 1818. Capital, (Georgetown. There were in 1840, neat cattle 16,316, sheep 25,775, swine 39,784 ; wheat 324,019 bushels produced, rye 2,348, Indian com 757,284, barley 1,919, oats212,448, potatoes 62,964, tobacco 63,260 pounds ; 2 com. houses in foreign trade, cap. 11,000 ; 63 stores, capital $210,950 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 15 tanneries, 2 distille- ries, 1 brewery, 42 flouring m., 23 grist m., 33 saw in., 4 oil m., 2 printing oflices, 3 weekly newspa- pers. Cap. in manutiic. $206,678. 1 college, 22 students, 1 acad. 45 students, 33 sch. 1,352 scho- lars. Pop. 1830, 17,869 ; 1840, 22.715. Brown, county, 111. Situated in the w. part of the state, contains 300 sq. ms. The surfiice is undulating, and the soil fertile. Illinois r. runs on its e. border, and Oooked creek on the n. e. McKee's cr. passes through the southern part of the CO. Capital, Mount Sterling. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,875, sheep 3,733, swine 10,278 ; wheat 15,791 bush, produced, Ind. corn 128,105, buckwheat 1,216, oats 17,417, potatoes 10,735, tobacco 3,030 pounds, sugar 14,y'.t3 ; 13 stores, cap. $18,800; 4 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 2 BRO 85 BRO potteries, 6 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $36,995. 11 sch. 314 scholars. Pop. 4,183. ' Brown, county, la., central in the s. part of the state, contains J 10 sq. ms. Drained by Salt. cr. and its tributaries. Surface undulating and hilly, and the soil fertile. Capital, Nashville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,261, sheep 2,635, swine 6,927 ; wheat 3,32:J bush, produced, I. corn 66,578, oats 9,375, potatoes 3,53 J, tobacco 3,562 pounds, sugar 23,215 ; value of skins and furs produced, $47,611 ; 1 tannery, 6 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,300. 1 school, 24 scholars. Pop. 2,364. Brown, county, Wis., lies on both sides of Green Bay, and w. of Lake Michigan. It con- tains 1,150 sq. ms. in the part surveyed. The surface is various, and the soil good, but some- what wet and cold. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,053, sheep 85, swine 1,330; wheat 7,614 bush, produced, Ind. com 3,696, oats 13,674, po- tatoes 27,503, sugar 30,460 pounds ; 3 commercial houses in for. trade, cap. $33,000 ; 42 stores, cap. $142,700 ; 8 lumber yards, cap. $8,200 ; 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 25 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $126,388. 3 sch. 46 scholars. Pop. 2,107. Brown, t., Lycoming co.. Pa. Surface moun- tainous ; soil, various. Drained by Pine cr. and its tributaries. It has 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,500. 3 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 263. Brown, t., Mifflin county. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $15,000 ; 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $29,310. 4 sch. 115 scholars. Pop. 903. Brown, t., Hancock co., la. It has 1 grist m., I saw m. Pop. 749. Brown, t., Washington co., la. It has 1 store, cap. $1,500; 3 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 5 grist m., 6 saw m., 2 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 1,451. Brown, t., Athens co., O., in the s. w. part of the CO. Situated on the waters of Racoon cr. It has 2 stores, cap. 2,000 ; 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,500. 2 schools, 30 scholars. Pop. 257. Brown, t., Carroll co., O. Sandy cr. and the Sandy and Beaver canal pass through it. It has 6 sch. 185 scholars. Pop. 2,165. Brown, t.. Dark co., O. Watered by a head branch of Stillwater cr. Pop. 294. Brown, t., Delaware co., O., 4 e. of Delaware. The soil is generally good. Watered by Alum cr. It has 7 sch. 130 scholars. Pop. 908. Brown, t., Franklin co., O. Established in 1830. Situated on the w. border of the co. It has 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 425. Brown, t., Knox co., O., in the n. part of the CO. Situated on Yellow cr. It has 5 sch. 200 scholars. Pop. 1,210. Brown, t., Miami co., O. Drained by branch- es of Miami r. It has 1 saw m., 4 sch. 194 schol- ars. Pop. 1,238. Brown, t., Paulding co., O. Pop. 180. Brownill's MrLLs, p-o., Lenawee co., Mich., 83 s. w. Detroit, 523 W. Brownfield, p-t., Oxford co., Me., 78 s. w. Augusta, 563 W. Incorporated in 1802. It has the Saco r. on the e., and contains 2 stores, 1 tan- nery, 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,000. 2 acad. 94 students, 13 sch. 480 scholars Pop. 1,360. Brownhelm, p-t., Loraine co., O., 124 n. e. Columbus, 348 W. Watered by Vermillion r. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $10,000; 1 tannery, 1 giist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,200. 4 sch. 134 scholars. Poo 934. ^' Brownington, p-t., Orleans co., Vt., 49 n. n. E. Montpelier, 555 W. Watered by Willoughby r., a branch of Barton r., which furnishes water power. Chartered in 1790. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,500 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,200. 1 acad. 46 students, 3 sch. 65 scholars. Pop. 486. Brownington, p-v., Butler co., Pa., 215 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 2.57 W. Brown's, p o., Fairfield dist., S. C, 24 N. Co- lumbia, 504 W. Brownsborough, p-v., Oldham co., Ky., 42 N. w. Frankfort, 531 W. Bro-wnsburg, p o., Makefield t., Bucks co., Pa., 114 E. Harrisburg, 170 W. Situated on Delaware r., and contains 1 store and 5 or 6 dwellings. Brownsburg, p-v., Rockbridge co., Va., 139 w. by N. Richmond, 180 W. Situated on Maf- fet's cr. It lias 1 large church, 3 stores, 1 tan- nery, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., various mechanics, 20 dwellings, and 120 inhabitants. It is surround- ed by a flourishing country. Brownsburg, p-o., Hendricks co., la., 14 w. Indianapolis, 585 W. Brown's Corner, p-o., Kennebec co.. Me., 6 Augusta, 601 W. Brown's Cove, p-o., Albemarle co., Va., 112 N. w. Richmond, 136 W. Brown's Mills, p-o.. Brown t, Mifflin co.. Pa., 62 N. w. Harrisburg, 154 W. Pop. of the t. 903. Brown's Mills, p-o., Roxbury t., Washington CO., O., 87 s. E. Columbus, 317 W. Brown's Port, p-v., Perry co., Tenn., 101 s. w. Nashville, 785 W. Brown's Store, p-o., Warren co., O. Brown's Store, p-o., Caswell co., N. C, 96 n. w. Raleigh, 272 W. Brownstown, p-t., Wayne co., Mich , 25 s. s. w. Detroit, 504 W. It is situated at the mouth of Huron r., on Lake Erie. It has 4 stores, cap. $4,700, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,000. 4 sch. 62 scholars. Pop. 793. Brownstown, pv., capital of Jackson co., la. 71 s. Indianapolis, 597 W. Situated on the e. side of a branch of East Fork of White t. Brownsville, p-t., Piscatiquis co.. Me., 102 N. E. Augusta, 699 W. Incorporated in 1821. Pleasant r., a branch of the Piscatiquis r., passes through the t. Otter pond, which is 4 or 5 ms. long, and 3 or 4 broad, lies on its e. border. It has 1 store, cap. 10,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 6 sch. 254 scholars. Pop. 568. Brownsville, p-o., Windsor co., Vt., 63 s. Montpelier, 474 W. Brownsville, p-v., Brownville t., JefTerson CO., N. Y., 168 N. w. Albany, 5 w. Watertown, 420 W. The surface is level, and the soil, a fer- tile marly loam. Watered by Black and Perch rivers. The v. is 4 ms. below Watertown, on tjie N. bank of Black r., at the lower rapids, where there are mills, and below which the r. is navigable. Incorporated in 1829, and has 1 Pres- byterian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist church, 8 stores, 1 cotton fac, 2 satinet fac, 2 grist m., 1 saw m., 2 iron foundries, 2 machine shops, 1 wliitelead fac, 1 oil m., 1 tannery, and 1 distil- lery, 125 dwellings, and 1,000 inhabitants. There are in the 1. 10 stores, cap. $35,000; 5 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 furnaces, 1 distillery, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 7 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manu- fac. $112,200. 20 sch. 1,387 scholars. Pop. 3,968. Brownsville, p-v., Fayette co.. Pa., 191 e. by s. Harrisburg, 207 W. It is situated on the BRU 86 BRU E. bank of the Motiongahela r., at the mouth of Redstone cr. It contains about 230 dwellings. The country around is rich and fertile. The national road pa.sses through the place, and con- stitutes its principal street, and passes over the Monongahela by a fine bridge. It has 17 stores, cap. $94,100; 1 forge, 1 tannery, 1 brewery, 1 glass fac, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly paper. Cap. in manufac. $15,095. 3 sell. 113 scholars. Pop. 1,362. Brownsville, p-v., Washington co., Md., 95 N. w. Annapolis, 63 VV. Brow.vsville, p-v., Licking t.. Licking co., O., 40 E. Columbus, 353 W. It is on the nation- al road, and contains 5 stores, 2 churches, 2 tan- neries, 17 mechanic shops, and 80 dwellings. It has an extensive trade in wheat and tobacco. Brownsville, p-v., capital Edmonson co., Ky., 132 s. w. Frankfort, 663 W. Situated on the s. side of Green r., contains a court house, jail, several stores and dwellings, and 112 inhabi- tants. Brownsville, p-v., Granville co., N. C, 64 N. Raleigh, 267 VV. Brownsville, p-o., Marborough dist., S. C, 131 N. E., Columbia, 423 W. Brownsville, p-v., Talladega co., Ala., 141 E. by N. Tuscaloosa, 790 W. Brownsville, p-v., Union co., la., 68 e. by s. Indianapolis, 511 W. Brownsville, p-v., capital of Jackson co., 111., 177 s. Springfield, 842 W. Situated on the N. side of Big Muddy r. It is 12 ms. by land, and 25 by water from the Mississippi, and is sur- rounded by hills. It contains 25 or 30 families. Brownsville, p-o., Haywood co., Tenn., 164 w. s. w. Nasliville, 847 W. Brownsville, p o.. Saline co., Mo., 100 n. w. JefTerson city, 1,016 W. Brownsville, v., Monroe co., Ga. Situated IJ ms., w. of the Ocmulgee r. It contains 1 Methodist church, and a few dwellings. Brownsville, p-v., Hinds co., Miss., 20 w. Jackson, 1,030 W. Browntow.n', p-v., Bradford co.. Pa., 153 n. Harrisburg, 263 W. Bruce, p-t., Macomb co., Mich., 58 n. Detroit, 563 W. It has a productive soil, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,000. 1 acad. 15 students, 4 sch. 150 scholars. Pop. 1,128. Bruce, po., Hamilton co., Tenn., 147 s. E. Nashville, 603 W. Bruce's Valley, p-o., Susquehanna co.. Pa., 164 N. by E. Harrisburg, 274 W. Brucetown, p-o., Frederick co., Va., 154 n. n. w. Richmond, 78 W. Bruceville, p-v., Carroll co., Md., 79 n. w. Annapolis, 62 W. Bruceville, p-o., Knox co., la., 119 s. w. Indianapolis, 686 W. Bruington, p-v.. King and Queen co., Va., 42 N. E. Richmond, 127 VV. Bruins Cross Roads, Park co., la., 58 w. In- dianapolis, 629 W. Bruly Landing, p-o.. West Baton Rouge par.. La. Brumfieldville, p-v., Berks co., Pa., 62 e. N. e. Harrisburg, 153 W. Brummels, n-o., Davidson co., N. C, 103 w. Raleigh, 324 VV. Bronersburg, p o., Williams co., O., 156 n. w. Columbus, 508 W. Brunerstown, p-o., Putnam co., la., 55 In- dianapolis, 620 VV. Brunnett's Creek, p-o.,Wliite co., la., 83n. by w. Indianapolis, 622 W. Brunswick, county, Va. Situated in the s. part of the state, contains 676 sq. ms. Drained by Roanoke r. and its branches. Capital, Law- renceville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,801, sheep 6,279, swine 18,950; wheat 26.963 bush, produced, Ind. corn 328,801, oats 113,842, potatoes 15,711, tobacco 2,140,813 poimds, cotton 12,699 ; 19 stores, cap. $.56,000 ; 5 tanneries, 1 furnace, 4 flouring m., 19 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $24,700. 7 acad. 136 students, 7 sch. 126 scholars. Pop. 1830, 15,770; 1840, whites 4,978, slaves 8,805, free col'd 563 ; total, 14,346. Brunswick, county, N. C, in s. part of the state, lying on Cape Fear r. and on the Atlantic ocean. It contains 1,344 sq. ms. The surface is flat and marshy, and the soil poor. Capital, Smithville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,237, sheen 1,889, swine 9,512 ; Ind. corn 36.357 bush, produced, potatoes 47,426, rice 949,755 pounds, cotton 7,868, pitch, &c. 4.867; bbls. 4 stores, cap. $9,800; 17 grist m., 4 saw m., 7 sch. 106 scholars. Pop. 1830, 6.323 ; 1840, whites 2,772, slaves 2,119, free col'd 374; total. 5,265. Brunswick, p-t., Cumberland co.. Me., 30 s. by w. Augusta, 7 w. Hath, 26 n. e. Portland, 141 N. N. E. Boston, 570 VV. 43° 53' n. lat., 69° 55' w. Ion. It is situated on the s. side of the An- droscoggin r., at the lower falls, where there is extensive water power. The river below is navigable for gondolas to Bath. A great amount of lumber comes down the Androscoggin. There are 13 saw m., and a cotton foe. at this place. A bridge connects it with Topsham. Bowdoin college, a well endow^ed and flour- ishing institution, is located here. It was found- ed in 1794, lias a president and 10 professors or other instructors, 649 alumni, 163 students, and 2t),000 volumes in its libraries. A prosperous medical school is attached to the institution, which has 4 professors and 70 students. Its phi- losopliical apparatus, and its cabinets of miner- alogy and natural history, are very complete. The commencement is on the first VV'ednesday in September. The t. has 30 stores, cap. $34,150; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 4,000 sp., 2 tanneries, 1 pottery, 1 flouring m., 5 grist m., 13 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 periodical. Cap. in manufac. $220,825. 2 acad. 66 students, 32 sch. 1,065 scholars. Pop. 4,239. Brunswick, p-t., Essex co., Vt., 86 N. E. Mont- pelier, 583 W. It lies on Connecticut r. Nulhc- gan r. and Paul's stream pass through the t. and furnish good water power. It has two consider- able ponds, wliich discharge their waters into Connecticut r. It has cap. in manufac. $100. 3 sch. 47 scholars. Pop. 130. Brunswick, t., Rensselaer co., N. Y., 4 e. Troy, 10 n. e. Albany. The surface is hilly. Drained by Poestenkill r. and its tributaries. It has 4 stores, cap. .$2,700 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,400. 15 sch. 599 schol- ars. Pop. 3,051. Brunswick, p-v., port of entry and capital of Glynn co., Ga., 233 s. e. Milledgeville, 742 VV. Situated on Turtle r. It has a spacious and safe harbor, having 13 feet water on the bar, at the lowest tides. It is 13J ms. above the bar, and 8 ms. above the light-house, on St. Simon's Island. It has a court house, jail, and about 30 houses and stores. Tonnage 1840, 1,494. Brunswick, p-t., Medina co., O.. 25 s. w Cleveland, 120 n. e. Columbus, 355 W. It has 4 stores, cap. $4,600 ; 1 tannery, 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,650. 8 sch. 297 scholars. Pop. 1,110. \ Brunswick, p-v., Chariton co., Mo., 102 n. w. BUG 87 BUG Jefferson city, 99G W. Situated on tiie n. bank ] Buchanansville, p-v., Rutherford co., Tenn., of 3Iissouri r., 1 mile below the mouth of Grand 12 s. e. Nashville, 678 W. Buck, p-o., Lancaster co., Pa., 50 s. e. Harris- burg, 99 W. Buck, t., Luzerne co., Pa. It has 8 saw m. river. Brush Creek, p-o.. Green co., Ky. Brush Creek, t.. Highland co., O. Drained by Brush cr. It has 8 sch. 400 scholars. Pop. 1,502. Brusji Creek, t., Jefferson co., O. Pop. 757. Brush Creek, t, Muskingum co., O. It has 1 church, 4 flourmg m., 4 saw m., several salt fac, and is a very flourishing t. Pop. 1,606. Brush Creek, t., Sc-iota co., O. Pop. 401. Brush Creek, t., Washington co., Ark. Has 1 sch. 9 scholars. Pop. 298. Brush Hill, p-v., Dupage co., 111., 183 Spring- field, 735 W. Brushv Creek, p-o., Cleveland co., N. C, 200 w. by s. Raleigh, 437 W. Brushv Creek, po., Anderson dist., S. C, 216 w. s. w. Columbia, 519 W Brushy Fork, po., Breckenridge co., Ky., n. w. Annapolis, 49 W Cap. in manufac. $12,800. 1 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 307. Br'CK Bridge, Potsdam t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 231 N. w. Albany, 503 W. Buck Creek, p-o., Spartansburg dist., S. C, 114 N. w. Columbia, 475 W. Buck Creek, t., Hancock co., la. 1 grist m. Pop. 224. Buck Creek, p-o., Tuscaloosa co., 20 Tusca- loosa, 838 W. Buck Eye, p-o., Putnam co., O., 119 n. w. Co- lumbus, 4S4 W. Buck Eye, p o., Laurens co., Ga., 50 n. by w. Milledgeville, 678 W. Buckeyestown, p-v., Frederick co., Md., 81 106 w. s. w. Frankfort, 616 W. Bruynswick, p-o., Ulster co., N. Y., 85s. s. w. Albany, 300 W. Brutus, t., Ingham co., Mich. Pop. 97. Brutus, t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 7 n. Auburn, 153 w. by N. Albany. The surface is hilly ; the soil, a well cultivated clay and sandy loam. Gypsum and limestone are found here. Drained by Branch creek and Cold Spring, streams which flow N. into Seneca r. The Erie canal passes through the place, on which, in the t., the village of Weedsport it situated. There are in the t., 13 stores, cap. $27,400 ; 2 fulling m., 2 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. m manufac. $36,150. 15 sch. 751 schol- ars. Pop. 2,044. Bryan, county, Ga., in the s. e. part of the state, on the Atlantic. The Ogeechee r. bounds it on the n. e. It contains 480 sq. ms. The Cannouchee r. passes through it. Such is the marshy nature of the soil, that the roads are made with great expense. It has 4 acad. 65 students. Pop. 3,182. Bryan, p-v., Pulaski t., capital of Williams co., O., situated near the centre of the co Bryansburg, p-v., Jefferson co., la., 83 s. e. Indianapolis, 563 W. Bryantown, p-v., Charles co., Md., 69 s. w. Annapolis, 10 n. e. Port Tobacco, 44 W. Brydee's Store, p-o., Lunenburg co., Va., 88 s. w. Richmond, 202 W. Buchanan, county. Mo., in the n. w. part of the state, contains 800 sq. ms. It has the Missou- ri river on the western boundary, and the Little Platte river passes south through the centre of the county. Capital, Sparta. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,476, sheep 6,071, swine 25,778; wheat 1,884 bush, produced, Ind. corn 194,961, oats 405, potatoes 12,069, tobacco 3,300 pounds, sugar 209; 14 stores, cap. $34,210; 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manuiac. .$9,050. 17 sch. 427 scholars. Pop. wliites 6,004, slaves 227, free col'd 6 ; total, 6,237. Buchanan, p-o., Birmingham bor., Alleghany CO., Pa., 201 w. Harrisburg, 227 W. (See Pitts- burg.) Buchanan, v., Botetourt co., Va.,on James r., opposite U) Pattonsburg, with which it is connect- ed by a fine bridge. Buchanan, t., Berrien co., Mich., lying on the St. Joseph's r. It has 1 grist m., 1 sawm. Cap. in manufac. $3,000. 3 sch. 57 scholars. Pon 264. ^ Buchanan's Ferry, p-o., Calcasieu par.. La., 307w.N. Orleans, 1,332 W. Buchanan's Station, p-o , Ripley co., la. 80 s. E. Indianapolis, 556 W Buckfield, p-t., Oxford co., Me., 32 w. by s. Augusta, 50 N. by w. Portland, 591 W. Watered by a branch of Androscoggin r. The soil is fer- tile. It has 8 stores, cap. $10,250; 1 fulling m., 46 tanneries, 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $15,011. 1 acad. 25 students, 13 sch. 656 scholars. Pop. 1,629. Buckhannon, po., Lewis co.. Mo. Buckhead, p-o., Fairfield dist., S. C.,44 n. by vv. Columbia, 484 W. Buckhead, p-o., Morgan co., Ga., 48 n. n. w. Melledgeville, 618 W. Buckhead Causeway, p-o., Colleton dist., S. C, 113 s. by E. Columbia, 619 W. BucKHORN, p-o., Cumberland co.. Pa. Buckingham, p-o., Baltimore co., Md. Buckingham, i., Wayne co., Pa., on the west bank of the Delaware r. It has 3 sch. 50 schol- ars. Pop. 233. Buckingham, p-t., Bucks co., Pa. 104 E. by N. Harrisburg, 166 W. Soil, loam, clay, and gravel. It is inhabited chiefly by Friends. It has a well endowed academy. It contains 7 stores, cap. $16,500 ; 1 tannery, 6 grist m., 6 saw m., 2 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $57,050. 7 sch. 281 scholars. Pop. 2,482. Buckingham, county, Va., in the lower cen- tral part of the state, lies on James r., and con- tains 816 sq. ms. The Appamattox r. runs on its southern border. Capital, Maysville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,831, sheep 14,566, swine 22,315; wheat 168,771 bush, produced, rye 1,311, Ind. corn 433,913, oats 227,080 pota- toes 20,539, tobacco 2,452,520 pounds, cotton 10,941 ; 37 stores, cap. $190,825 ; 1 furnace, 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac, 76 tanneries, 9 distil- leries, 22 flouring m., 52 grist m., 44 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $225,556. 1 college, 97 students, 16 acad. 300 students, 20 sch. 356 scholars. Pop. 1830, 18,351 ; 1840, whites 7,323, slaves 10,014, free col'd 419; total, 18,786. Buckingham, C. H., p-o., Maysville v., Buck- ingham CO., Va., 79 w. Richmond, 153 W. Buckland, p-t., Franldin co., Ms., 104 w. by n. Boston, 412 W. It lies on the s. side of Deer- field r. Incorporated in 1779. It is a good graz- ing t. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 5 saw ra. Cap. in manu- fac $1,300. 8 sch. 279 scholars. Pop. 1,084. Buckland, p-v.. Prince William co., Va., Ill N. Richmond, 42 W. It has an elevated and ro- mantic situation, on Broad Run, on which are 2 flouring m. It contains 1 church, free to all de- nominations, 2 stores, 1 tannery, 1 distillery, and various mechanics. It has a population of about 200. BUF 88 BUF BucKLAND Corners, p-o., Hartford co., Ct., 6 Hartford, 342 W. Buckram, p-v.. Queens co., N. Y., 179 s. Al- bany, 259 W. Situated on Beaver-dam cr. It has 1 store, 2 grist m., and 10 or 15 dwellings. Buck Prairik, p-o., Barry co.. Mo. Buck Run, p-o.. Union co., O., 46 n. by w. Columbus, 436 W. Bucks, county, Pa., in the s. E. part of the Btate, is situated on the Delaware r., conlain.s 546 sq. ms. Drained by the Neshaminy and Toliic- kon creeks, and the sources of the Perkiomen cr. The surface is agreeably diversified, and the soil various, but iiighly cultivated. Plumbago or black lead is found in Southampton t. Capital, Doylestovvn. There were in 1840, neat cattle 32,805, sheep 27,244, swine 3S,516; wheat 236,915 bu.sh. produced, rye 255,666, Ind. corn 680,128, buckwheat 107,864, oats 884,870, potatoes 237,979, silk cocoons 1,280 pounds; 133 stores, cap. $455,000 ; 10 bimber yards, cap. $67,500 ; 2 full- ing ms., 2 woollen fi^c, 2 cotton fac. 7,000 sp., 24 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 brewery, 22 potteries, 11 flouring m., 94 grist m., 80 saw m., 15 oil m., 4 printing olhces, 4 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $336,051. 1 college, 30 students, 8 acad. 233 students, 91 sch. 5,696 scholars. Pop. 1830,45,740; 1840,48,107. Bucks, t., Tuscarawas co., O. It has 1 store, cap. $1,500 ; 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 4 saw m., 6 sen. 570 scholars. Pop. 1,547. Bucks, p-o., Columbiana co., O., 153 n. e. Co- lumbus, 285 W. Bucks, t., St. Joseph co., Mich. Watered by St. Joseph r. It has 2 fulling m., 1 flouring m., 2 saw m., 5 sch. 149 scholars. Pop. 787. Buck's Shoals, p-o., Rutherford co., N. C, 216 w. by s. Raleigh, 453 W. BucKspoRT, p-t., Hancock co.. Me., 58 n. e. by E. Augusta, 654 W. It lies on the e. side of Pe- nobscot r., 15 s. Bangor. It is a flourishing town, with a fine harbor, and considerable shipping. The ground on which the village stands ascends gradually from the river, and the houses are built with neatness and taste. The harbor has suffi- cient depth of water for vessels of the largest class, and is not much obstructed by ice. The lumber trade has been long and successfully car- ried on here. Tlie lower ferry acros.s the Pe- nobscot crosses at tliis place. It has 5 for. com. houses, cap. $35,000 ; 18 ret. stores, cap. $50,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 8 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $15,700. 2 acad. 65 students, 15 sch. 1,371 scholars. Pop. 3,015. BucKSviLLE, p-o., Ilorry dist., S. C, 187 e. Columbia, 477 W. Buck Tooth, p-o.. Little Valley t., Cattarau- gus county, N. Y. BucvRUs, p-t., capital of Crawford county, O., 62 N. Columbus, 406 W. Situated on the s. bank of the Sandusky river, and on the Columbus and Sanduky turnpike. The town is large, populous, and well cultivated, containing considerable rich prairie land. The village has a brick court house and a U. S. land otiice, and is flourishing, containing over 800 inhabitants. There are in the town 9 sch. 592 scliolars. Pop. 1,634. BuELL, p-o., Montgomery county, N. Y., 62 n. w. by w. Albany, 387 W. BuELi.s Lowell, t., Washington county, O. Pop. 71. Buffalo, city and p-t., port of entry, and capi- tal of Erie county, N. Y., lies on the outlet of Lake Erie, at the head of Niagara river, and on BuflTalo creek, wliicii constitutes its harbor, 288 w. Al- bany, 363 by llie Erie canal ; 73 w. Rochester, 22 s. s. E. Niagara Falls, 103 e. Cleveland, O., 381 W. Pop. 1810, 1,508; 1820, 2,095; 1830, 8,653; 1840, 18,213. Employed in commerce, 771 ; in manufactures and trades, 1,851 ; in navi- gating the ocean, 71; canals, lakes, and rivers, 347; learned professions and engineers, 211 ; 1 academy with 64 students ; 28 common and primary schools, with 2,676 scholars. The land rises, by a very gentle ascent, 2 miles from the water to an extended plain, and from the eleva- ted parts of the city are fine views of the lake, of Niagara river, of the Erie canal, and the Canada shore. The city has broad and regular streets. Main-street is 2 miles long, and 120 feet wide, and is splendidly built with large stores, dwell- ings, and hotels, and presents a very imposing appearance ; and other parts of the city are built with neatness and taste. There are 3 public squares, which add much to the salubrity and beauty of the city. The public buildings of the city are a court house, jail, and county clerk's office, 2 markets, in the second story of one of which are the city offices; 17 churches, of which the Presbyterians have 3, the Episcopalians 2, the Baptists 1, the German Protestants 3, the Methodists 1, the Ro- man Catholics 2, the Unitarians 1, the Universal- ists 1 ; there are also 1 Bethel and 2 African churches. There are an orphan asylum, 2 bank- ing houses, an insurance company, a theatre, and several hotels, of which the American is one of the finest in the country. Among the useful in- stitutions of the city, the Young Mens' Associa- tion, who have a choice library of 3,500 volumes, and the public schools, under the control of the common council, for the education of the whole population, without charge for tuition, deserve to be mentioned. BuflTalo stands as a great gate between the East and the West, through which much of their commerce must pass ; and it is a great depot for the western country. The harbor of BuflTalo is spacious and safe, having 12 or 14 feet of water a mile from its en- trance into the lake ; but it originally had a bar across its mouth. To obviate this, and the better to protect the harbor, a pier has been constructed of wood and stone, by the United States, extend- ing 1,500 feet from the s. side of the mouth of the creek, upon the end of which a light-house is erected, 20 feet in diameter at its base, and 40 feet high. This pier operates as a breakwater, and, by confining the creek, has served to clear its channel, so that vessels drawing 8 feet of wa- ter pass freely. But the greatest difficulty of the harbor of Buffalo arises from the accumulation of ice, on the breaking up of the lake, driven into it by the strong westerly winds, so that it often remains obstructed after the lake is clear. There are 50 or 61) steamboats, and 300 schooners and other craft which navigate Lake Erie and the connected lakes, engaged in the commerce between Buffalo and the west. The tonnage in 1840, was 4,916. The arrivals of steamboats and other vessels in 1840, were, 4,061 ; clearances, 4,851. Tlie amount of property sent e. on the Eric canal from Buffalo, at the same date, was 177,607 tons. The amount of goods, including domestic manufactures, salt, &c., re- ceived by the canal, and sliipped to the west, was 98,733 tons. Tolls received amounted to $376,417. Buffalo is connected with Black Rock, and with Niagara Falls, by railroads. There were in 1840, 23 for. commission houses, cap. $94,000; 231 ret. stores, cap. $736,335; 1 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 pottery, 4 flouring m., 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 2 oil m., 10 printing offices, 5 daily, 4 weekly, 1 semi-week- ly newspapers, and 6 periodicals. Cap. in man- BUL 89 BUR ufac. $630,300. It was originally laid out by the Holland Land Company, in 1801. It was entirely burned by the British in 1814, except- ing 2 buildings. It then contained 300 dwellings. The inhabitants, however, received $S0,000 from Congress as a compensation for their losses. The commencement of the rapid growth and great importance of this place may be dated from the opening of the Erie canal, though as the eastern limit of lake navigation it was gradually rising before that event. Buffalo, t., Armstrong county, Pa. It has 3 stores, cap. Sl,900; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 8 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in raanufac. $20,000. 1 sch. 22 scholars. Pop. 1,820. BUFFALO, pt., Washington county, Pa., 217 w. Harrisburg, 243 W. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 fulhng m., 1 w-oollen fac, 3 tanneries, 4 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,800. 8 sch. 2-20 scholars. Pop. 1,116. Buffalo, p-t., Guernsey cc, O., 87 e. Colum- bus, 319 W. Pop. 1,627. Buffalo, p-o., Mason co., Va., 347 n. n. w. Richmond, 384 W. Situated on the e. bank of Great Kanawha r. Buffalo, p-v., Cleveland co., N. C, 190 Ra- lei":h, 427 W. Buffalo, p-o., Perry county, Tenn., 92 s. w. Nashville, 769 W. Buffalo, p-o., Polk county, Mo. Buffalo, t.. Pike county. Mo. Pop. 2,174. Buffalo, t., Morgan co.. Mo. Pop. 188. Buffalo, t., Marion county. Ark. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. Pop. 91. Buffalo, v., capital of Niangua co.. Mo., on the Buffalo Heart Prairie, 3 miles w. of the Niangua r. Buffalo, t., Butler county. Pa. Drained by Thorn, Great and Little Buffalo creeks. It has 6 stores, cap. $3,610 ; 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,675. 9 sch. 493 schol- ers. Pop. 1,820. Buffalo, t., Perry county. Pa. The surface is hilly and the soil slate. Situated on the \v. bank of the Susquehanna river, acros.s which is a ferry. It has 5 stores, cap. $17,000; 1 rope fac, 1 flouring ra., 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,745. 7 sch. 247 scholars. Pop. 948. Buffalo, b., Perry county, Pa. Situated on Susquehanna river, 5 miles above the entrance of Juniata river. Here is a ferry. It contains 1 Presbyterian church, 2 stores, and 25 dwellings, 1 sch. 35 scholars. Pop. 147. Buffalo Cross Roads, p-o., Union co., Pa., 75 N. by w. Harrisburg, 185 W. Buffalo Ford, p-o., Wythe county, Va., 266 w. s. w. Richmond, 333 W. Buffalo Forge, p-o., Rockbridge county, Va., 152 w. by n. Richmond, 196 W. Buffalo Grove, p-o., Ogle county, 111., 173 N. Springfield, 836 W. Buffalo Hide, p-o., Grainger county, Tenn., 211 E. Nashville, 471 W. Buffalo Hill, p-o.. Orange county, N. C, 43 N. w. Raleigh, 269 W. Buffalo Run, p-o.. Centre county. Pa., 91 n. w. Harrisburg, 183 W. BuFORD,p-o., Highland county, Ohio, 90 s. s. W. Columbus, 457 W. Buford's, p-o., Bedford cotmty, Va., 156 w. by S.Richmond, 230 W. Bufords Bridge, p-o., Barnwell district, S C, 88 s. s. w. Columbia, 594 W. Bulger, p-o., Washington county, Pa., 223 w. Harrisburg, 247 W. Bull Creek, p c, Wood county, Va., 324 n. 12 w. Richmond, 292 W. It contains 1 Baptist church and several mills. Bullbonu.s Grove, p-o.. Will county, HI., 168 N. N. E. Springfield, 710 W. BuLLiT, county, Ivy., situated in the N. part of the state, on Salt river. It contains 250 square miles. Watered by a branch of Salt r. The surface in the n. e. part is tuieven, and the soil fertile. Salt is made in the county. Capital, Shepherdsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,379, sheep 8,821, swine 20,9S8 ; wheat 39,631 bushels produced, rye 3,561, Ind. com 246,655, oats 77,105, potatoes 6,452, toljacco 2,510 pounds, sugar 12,171, 6 stores, cap. $24,600; 5 tanneries, 4 disiilleries, 1 brewery, 7flouringm., 18 grist ni., 9 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $34,500. Pop. whites 4,996, slaves 1,320, free colored 18; total, 6,334. Bullock, county, Ga., in the s. e. part of the state, on the Ogeecfiee r. It contains 800 square miles. It has the Cannouchee r. on the s. w., a branch of which runs through the county. Capital, Statesboro'. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,013, sheep 1,621, swine 6,145; wheat 2,974 bushels produced, Ind. com 39,599, oata 1,877, potatoes 12,416 ; 1 store, cap. $600 ; 12 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,070. 1 sch. 27 scholars. Pop. 1830, 2,587; 1840, whites 2,147, slaves 955 ; total, 3,102. Bullocks, p-o., Granville county, N. C, 56 N. Raleigh, 272 W. Bullocktow.n', p-v.. Queen Anne co., Md., 64 E. Annapolis, 104 W. Bull Pasture, po., Bath co., Va., 161 w. N. w. Richmond, 188 W. Bull Run, po., Grainger co., Tenn., 213 e. Nashville, 492 W. Bull Skin, p-o., Gallia co., O., Ill s. s. E. Columbus, 369 W. BuLLTowN, p-o., Braxton co., Va., 306 w. n. w. Richmond, 274 W. BuLLviLLE, p-o., Crawford t.. Orange co., N. Y., 103 s. by w. Albany, 288 W. BuxcoMBE, county, N. C, in the w. part of the state, contains 2,000 sq. ms. It occupies a broad valley, between 2 ridges of the Alleghany mountains. Drained by French Broad r. and its tributaries, and by Nolachucky r. The country is elevated, the surface very much broken, and the soil is chiefly adapted to grazing. It is a very healthy region. Capital, Ashville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,596, sheep 9,803, swine 20,552; wheat 22,903 bushels produced, rye 9,251, Ind. corn 304,271, oats 68,544, pota- toes 24,308, tobacco 8,619 pounds, 9 stores, cap. .$41,450 ; 5 tanneries, 62 distilleries, 36 grist m., 25 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $38,533. 1 acad. 15 students, 1 sch. 10 scholars. Pop. 1830, 16,259 ; 1840, whites 8,798, slaves 1,199, free col'd 87; total, 10,084. BuNDvsBURG, p-v., Parkman t., Geauga co., 0-, 166 N. E. Columbus, 325 W. Bunker Hill, p-o., Bucks co.. Pa., 102 e. by N. Harrisburg, 171 W. Bunker Hill, p-o., Bedford co., Va., 148 w. by s. Richmond, 223 W. Bunker Hill, p-o., Jefferson county, Flor. Bunker Hill, t., Ingham co., Mich. Pop. 93. Burbank, p-o., Wayne county, Ohio, 109 n. E. Columbus, 360 W. BuRBOisE, t.. Gasconade co.. Mo. Pop. 316. BuRDETT, p-v.. Hector t., Tompkins co., N. Y., 184 w. by s. Albany, 307 W. It contains 2 churches, 3 stores, and 400 inhabitants. BuRDSFiELD, p-o., Bedford county, Fa., 117 w. s. w. Harrisburg, 144 W. BUR 00 BUR Bureau, county, 111., toward the n. part of tlie state, contains 648 square miles. The surface is undulating, but in some jwrls level, and in some parts it is swampy. It has some prairie land, and some groves of timber. Watered by Bu- reau creek. Capital, Princeton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,001, sheep 2,007, swine 12,056 ; wheat .55,724 bushels produced, Indian corn ]20,38'J, oats 51,860, potatoes 35,112; 6 grist in., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. 29,776. 1 acad. 45 students, 13 sch. 321 scholars. Pop. 3,067. BuRGE.ss's Store, p-o., Nothumberland co., Va., 107 N. N. E. Richmond, 160 W. BuRGETTSTOwx, po., Washington CO., Pa., 227 W. Harrisburg, 25^) W. Burke, p-t., Caledonia county, Vt., 51 n. e. Wontpelier, 501 W. Watered by branches of Pasumpsic river, which afford good water power. Burke mountain, in the s. E. part of the town, is 3,500 feet high. It was chartered in 1782 — fir.st settled in 17'J0. The surface i.s uneven, and the soil is generally good. Oil stones of a superior quality, from an island in Lake Memphremagog, are manufactured here. It has 4 stores, cap. $6,500 ; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,630. 10 schools, 332 scholars. Pop. 907. Burke, county, N. C, in the w. part of the state. Watered by Catawba r. and its branches. It contains 1,625 sq. miles. The sur.^ace is ele- vated, though a mountain valley, and the soil is generally ferlile. Capital, iMorgantowii. There were in 1840, neat cattle 16,529, sheep 12,603, swine 39,550 ; wheat 45,976 bushels produced, rye 14,753, lud. corn 020,996, oats 77,691, pota- toes 37,809, tobacco 17,718 lbs., cotton 43,044; 20 stores, capital $57,401); gold, value produced, $38,122; 11 tanneries, 183 distilleries, 8 tlouriiig m., 66 grist m., 31 saw m., 3 oil m. Cap. in manu- fac. $50,580. 1 acad. 25 sludents, 8 schools, 204 scholars. Pop. 1«30, 17,727 ; 1840, whites 12,319, slaves 3,216, free col'd 261 ; total, 15,799. Burke, county, Ga., in the e. part of the state, on Savannah r. It has an area of 1,290 square miles. The Ogeechee river bounds it on the s. Watered also by Brier cr., a branch of the Savan- nah r. Capital, Waynesboro. There were in 1840, neat cattle 14,956, sheep 4,756, swine 26,728; wheat 7,698 bush, prod., rye 800, Ind. corn 50S,503, oats 10,877, potatoes 35,465, rice 665 pounds, cotton 6,359,3 )3 ; 15 stores, capital $71,741 ; 36 grist m., 22 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $25,400. 1 acad. 25 students, 5 schools, 103 scholars. Pop. 1830, 11,833; 1840, whites 4,609, slaves 8,403; free col'd 159; total, 13,176. Burke Garden, po., Tazewell co., Va., 274 w. by s. Richmond, 340 W. Burksville, p-v.. Prince Edward co., Va., 81 B. w. by w. Richmond, 176 W. Burksville, p-v., capital of Cumberland co., Ky., 124 w. by ,s. Frankfort, 037 W. Situated on the w. bank of Cumberland river. Burketsville, p-v., Frederick co., 3Id., 92 N. w. Annapolis, 60 W. BuRLiNGiiAM, p-v., Mamakating t., Sullivan CO., N. Y. It contains 2 stores, 1 Methodist church, 1 tannery, 30 dwellings, and 175 inhabi- tants. BuRLiNGHAM, p-v., Bedford t., Meigs co., O., 86s. E.Columbus, 341 W. Burlington, county, N. J., lies chiefly on the Delaware r., but extends across the state, to the Atlantic ocean. The soil is chiefly alluvial, cflnsisting of sand, gravel, loam and clay, vari- ously mixed. It furnishes valuable pine timber, and nog iron ore. Marl abounds, particularly in the w purls. Watered by Assunpink, Cross- wick's, Black's, Craft's, Assiscunk, Rancocus, and Pensauken creeks, which flow into the Del- aware. In Springfield t. is a well, which con- verts wood into stone. Blocks of hickory, cut in the form of hones, have been converted into stone in 5 years. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 16,863, sheep 15.102, swine 20,396; wheat 90.836 bush, produced, rve 253,.346, Ind. corn 577,.520, buckwheat 39,542, oats 197,180, potatoes 193,126; 129 stores, cap. 8361,450; 4 fulling m., 1 \A ooUen faf ., 1 cotton i'ac. 2,5lK) sp. ; 1 dyeing and printing est., 3 furnaces, 7 tanneries, 19 distille- ries, 3 potteries, 3 paper fac, 34 grist m., 40 saw m., 1 printing oflice, 3 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $81)7,670. 6 acad. 135 students, 101 sch. 7,125 scholars. Pop. 1831), 31,066 ; 1840, 32,S31. Burlington, p-t., Penobscot co., Me., 120 n. E. Augusta, 713 W. It has a fertile soil, produ- cing good crops of wheat, and contains 3 sch. 105 scholars. Pop. 350. Burlington, pt., port of entry, and capital of Chittenden co., Vt., 40 w. n. w. Montpelier, SO s. s. E. Montreal, L. C, 22 s. E. Plattsburg, 75 N. Whitehall, 513 W. Situated in 44° 27' n. lat. and 73= 10' w. Ion. Pop. 1830, 3,525 ; 1840, 4,271. This beautiful village is situated on a bay vvliich, in the form of a regular curve, sets up a little on the e. side of Lake Champlain. Toward the s. part of the village, the shore is low, but toward the n. it rises to a high bluff, on the level top of which, the barracks for the U. S. soldiers were situated during the last war, and on the brow of which, was a powerful bat- tery. From the s. part of the village, the ground rises, by a gradual slope, for the distance of a mile, 'o its eastern boundary, which is 250 feet above the level of the lake. The streets ex- tend from E. to w. to the lake shore, and are crossed by others at right angles, dividing the whole into regular squares. Near the centre of the village is a handsome public square, on which the court house is situated. The village contains many elegant houses, generally sur- rounded by shrubbery, with fine gardens in the rear; and many large and commodious stores and warehouses. It has a rich and extensive back country, and is the largest and most commercial place in the stale. A steamboat from White- hall to St. Johns, stops daily at this place. There are 3 substantial wharves, and on Juni- per Island, which contains about 11 acres of ground, and 4 miles from the shore, is a light- house. The U. S. have also erected a break- water here, as a protection against westerly winds. The lake is here 10 miles across, with several islands in view ; and a more beautifol sheet of water cannot well be conceived. The view from the cupola of the college, as respects nuliiral scenery, is second to none in the United States. Ill addition to the beautiful village, the meanderings of Onion river, the broad water view of the lake with its islands, its vessels, and its steamboats ; it has in front, on the opposite shore of the lake, in the state of New York, the grand Adirondack mountains, nearly or quite as high as the White mountains ; and on the e., in full view, the (Jreen mountains, with their two highest peaks, Camels Rump, and Mansfield mountain. This mountain scenery elevates the beautiful into the sublime, and contributes to form an assemblage of objects which never be- comes tame by familiarity. 'I'he buildings of the University of Vermont, 4 in number, are on high ground at the E. side of the village. This uistitution was founded in 1791, and received as an endowment from the BUR 91 BUR state about 30,000 acres of iand, located in the various towns granted by the state of Vermont. It has a President and 5 professors, or other in- sti-uctors, 211 alumni, 110 students, and 9,200 volumes in its libraries. The commencement is on the first Wednesday in August. It has a j medical department attached to it, and is flour- ] ibhing. Here is a court house, a jail, 2 banking houses, 6 churches, for Congregationalists, Episcopalians, Unitarians, Methodists, and Roman Catholics, I some of which are elegant buildings, an acade- my and a female seminary, which are line edi- fices. About a mile and a half n. e. of the court house, is a fine manufacturing village, on the falls of Onion r., denominated Winoohki city. Beside rapids, the river here has a perpendicu- lar fall of about 20 feet, and affords a great water power. This village is situated partly in Burlington, and partly in Colche.ster, and the parts are connected by a fine covered bridge across Onion r. The mills and manufactories of this place are already considerable. The t. contains some good land, and some less fertile. The first had a natural growth of hard wood, and the latter of pine. The first permanent settlement was made in 17^3. It has 49 stores, cap. $352,830 ; 1 tannery, 1 rope fac, 1 brewery, 1 glass fac, 1 pottery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m., 3 printing oflices, 2 weekly news- papers. Cap. in manuiac. $84,40;!. 1 acad. 104 students, 17 sch. 833 scholars. Burlington, p-t., Middlesex co., Mas., 13 n. w. by N. Boston, 453 W. Watered by a branch of Shawsheeu r. It has a light soil. It contains 2 stores, cap. $7,0: ; 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in nianufac. $6,i00. 4 sch. 180 scholars. Pop. 510. Burlingto.v, p-t., Hartford co., Ct., 19 w. Hartford, 339 W. Watered by Farmington r. and its branches. The surface is diversified, and the soil a gravelly loam. It has 2 stores, cap. $400; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 tan- nery, 3 distilleries, 4 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. ill manuiac. $21,500. 9 sch. 335 scholars. Pop. l,2t)l. Burlington, p-t., Otsego co., N. Y., 79 w. Albany, 356 W. The surface is rolling, and the soil a fertile gravelly loam. At the v., are a church, 2 stores, and 15 or 20 dwellings. There are in the t., 7 stores, cap. $25,500 ; 4 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 4 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $4<;,405. 13 sch. 553 scholars. Pop. 2,154. Burlington, city, p-t., and port of entry, Burlington co., N. "j., 12 s. Trenton, 17 n. k. Philadelphia, 156 W. 40° 5' 10" n. lat. and 72° 52' 37" w. Ion. Pop. 1830, 2,670; 18 iO, 3,434. It is pleasantly located on the e. bank of the Delaware. Encircled on the s. and e. by a small stream, so as to form an island, U mile long and i m. wide, connected with the main land by 4 bridges and causeways. It has 6 churches, 1 Episcopal, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Friends, 2 Methodist and 1 Baptist, a city hall, a lyceum, a bank, a library, three extensive boarding schools, and a free school, established in 168J. It is regularly laid out, with streets intersecting each other at right angles. The bank of the river is a beautiful grassy plain, bordered by elegant dwellings, chielly country seats of gen- tlemen of Philadelphia. The residence of the Bishop of ISew Jersey is a handsome Gothic structure. Burlington was founded in 1678, and incorporated as a city in 1784. Tonnage, 1840, 3,851. It has 15 stores, cap. $57,500 ; 1 tannery, 1 pottery, 4 grist ra., 2 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufiic. $89,650 1 acad. 40 students. 9 sch. 480 scholars. Burlington, p t., Bradford co., Pa., 144 n. Harrisburg, 25iW. The surface is hilly, and soil gravelly loam. Drained by Sugar cr. and its branches. It has 2 stores, cap. .$8,000 ; I grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,445. 7 .sch. 245 scholars. Pop. 1,118. Burlington, pv., Fayette t., capital of Law- rence CO., O. Situated on the n. bank of Ohio r., at the extreme s. point of the stale. It contains a court house, a jail, 2 churches, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist, a steam saw mill, 2 carding machines, and various manufactories. Burlington, pt., Calhoun co., Mich., Ill w. Detroit, 572 W. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,050. 4 sch. 84 scholars. Pop. 411. Burlington, p-v., Hampshire co., Va., 198 N. w. Richmond, 126 W. It has a church, free to all denomhiations, 1 store, and several me- chanic shops. BuRLiNGTO.N, p-v., Capital of Boone co., Ky., 82 N. by E. Frankfort, 508 W. Burlington, p-v., Carroll co., la., 53 N. N. w. Indianapolis, 611 W. Burlington, p-o., Racine co., Wis., 82 s. e. Madison, 791 W. Burlington, p-v., capital of Des Moines co., Iowa, 871 W. It is handsomely situated on the w. bank of the Mississippi, 1,420 ms. above New Orleans, and 248 above St. Louis. It is sur- rounded by hills, to which the ground rises by a gentle acclivity, affording many commanding situations on the high grounds. It is regularly laid out, and has a court house, and jail, and several commodious brick churches, and many neat private residences. It has 2 steam ferry boats. The commerce of the place is consider- able. It contains a U. S. land office, between 30 and 40 stores, and a variety of mechanical and manuiacturing establishments. It has 2 printing ofiices, each of which issues a weekly news- paper. Pop. 1843, 1831. Burlington, t., Licking co., O. It has 5 sch. 284 scholars. Pop. 1,222. Burlington, t., Calhoun co., Mich. Burlington Flats, p-o., Burlington t., Otsego CO., N. Y., 83 w. Albany, 360 W. Burning ton, t., Shiawassee co., Mich. Pop. 403. BuRNERSviLLE, p-0., Lewis co., Va., 231 n. w. Richmond, 243 W. Burns, t., Allegany co., N. Y., 237 w. by s. Albany. The surface is broken ; soil, a fertile clay loam. Drained by Canaseraga cr. It con- tains 3 stores, cap. .$12,000; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,800. 7 sch. 299 scholars. Pop. 867. Burns, t., Shiawassee co., Mich. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,000. 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 237. Burnettston, t., Franklin co., Mass. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,650. 6 sch. 252 scholars. Pop. 992. BuRNH.iM, p-t., Waldo CO., Me., (post office called Burnham village,) 34 e. Augusta, 630 W. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,800. 7 sch. 266 scholars. Pop. 602. Burnside, p-t., Clearfield co., Pa., 156 n. w. Harrisburg, 234 W. Pop. 556. Burnsville, p-o., Yancey co., N. C, 245 Raleigh, 475 W. Burnsville, p-o., Dallas co., Ala. Burnt Cabins, p-o., Bedford co.. Pa., 67 W. s. w. Harrisburg, 111 W. BUS 92 BUT Burnt Corn, po., Monroe co., Ala., 142 s. Tuscaloosa, 934 W. Burnt Hills, p-o., Ballston t, Saratoga co., N. Y., 25 N. Albany, 393 W. Burnt Ordinakv, p-o., James City co., Va., 46 E. by. s. Richmond, 163 W. Burnt Prairie, p-v., Wliite co., 111., 155 s. s. E. Springfield, 761 W. Burnt Tavern, p-o., Monmouth co., N. J., 27 E. by s. Trenton, 193 W. Burnt Tavern, p-o., Garrard co., Ky., 49 s. by E. Frankfort, 517 W. Burrilville, p-t., Providence co., R. I., 19 N. w. Providence, 398 VV. Watered by Branch r., a tributary of Blaokstone r., which affords good water power. The soil is rough, but adapt- ed to grazing. It has 4 stores, cap. $13,869; 2 woollen fac, I cotton fac. 1,056 sp., 5 gri.«t m., 15 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3'J,860. 10 sch. 448 scholars. Pop. 1,982. Burr Oak Grove, po., Stephenson co., 111., 215 n. Springfield, 847 W. Burr Oak, p-t., St. Joseph co., Mich., 128 s. w. Detroit, 576 W. It has 5 sch. 80 scholars. Pop. 286. Burr's Mills, p-c, Jefferson co., N. Y., 166 N. w. Albany, 411 W. Burrsville, p-v., Caroline co., Md., 71 e. Annapolis, 111 W. Burshlev Creek, p-o., Cattahoola par., La., 251 N. w. N. Orleans, 1,165 W. Burnt Quarters, p-o., Dinwiddle co., Va., 44 s. by w. Richmond, 163 W. Bursonville, p-o., Bucks co.. Pa., 119 e. Harrisburg, 184 W. Burton, p-t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 297 w. by s. Albany, 312 W. Watered by Alleghany r. and its tributaries. The line of the New- York and Erie railroad passes through the t. Pop. 530. Burton, p-t., Geauga co., O., 165 n. e. Colum- bus, 330 W. Watered by the head branches of Cuyahoga r. It has 6 stores, cap. $6,800 ; 3 grist m., 7 saw m., 5 sch. 357 scholars. Pop. 1,022. Burton, t., Luzerne co., Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 2 flouring m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,000. Pop. 733. Burton, p-o., Parke co., la , 78 w. Indianapo- lis, 649 W. Burton, p-o., Adams co., HI. Burtons, p-o., Tishamingo co.. Miss. Bortonsville, p-o., Charleston t., 3Iontgo- mery co., N. Y. Burtonsville, p-o., Greene co., Va., 89 Richmond, 109 W. Burtonton, p-o., Copiah co.. Miss., 59 s. by w. Jackson, 1,076 W. BuRWELL Bav, p-o.. Isle of White co., Va., 69 s. E. Richmond, 192 W. Busuayville, p-o., Houston co., Ga., 47 s. s. w. Miliedgeville, 703 W. Busuee's Store, p-o.. Wake co., N. C, 9 Ra- leigh, 3J7 W. Bush Creek, p-o., Bureau co.. 111., 131 Spring- field, 802 W. Bush Creek, t, Wasliington co.. Ark. Pop. 298. Bush Creek, t., Sciota co., O. It has 2 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 401. BusHKiLL, p-o.. Pike co., Pa., 142 n. e. Harris- burg, 236 W. BusnKiLL,t., Northampton co.. Pa. Watered by Bushkill cr. The surface is hilly ; the soil, white gravel, red shale and slate, and moderately fertile. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 forge, 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $33,500. 3 sch. 160 scholars. Pop. 1,716. BusuftELL's Basin, p-v., Perrinton t., Monroe CO., N. v., 217 w. by n. Albany, 366 W. Situa ted on the Erie canal, and has 1 Presbyterian church, 2 stores, and 12 or 15 dwellings. Bush's Mills, p-o., Lewis co., Va., 291 n. w. Richmond, 259 W. Bush's Store, p-o., Laurel cc, Ky., 107 s. s. e. Frankfort, 552 W. Bush WICK, t.. Kings co., N. Y., 3e. Brooklyn, 148 s. Albany. The surface is somewhat bro- ken, and the soil moderately good, and well cul- tivated. Drained by Newtown cr. It has 10 stores, cap. $33,000; 4 ropewalks. Products of the dairy, $13,200. Cap. in manufac. $55,000. 6 sch. 155 scholars. Pop. 1,295. Buskirk's Bridge, p-v., Cambridge t., Wash- ington CO., N. Y., 29 N. by e. Albany, 399 W. Situated on Hoosick r., and has 2 stores, 1 Dutch Reformed church, and about 200 inhabitants. Here is a bridge across Hoosick r. Buskville, p-o., Franklin CO., Ga., 109 n. by E. Miliedgeville, 618 W. BusROEN Mills, p-o., Sullivan co., la., 88 s. w. Indianapolis, 659 W. BusTi, p-t., Chatauque co., N. Y., 323 w. by s. Albany, 336 W. The surface is hilly and broken, and the soil good. 16 sch. Pop. 1,894. BusTLETON, p-v., Philadelphia co.. Pa., 110 e. by s. Harrisburg, 11 n. e. Philadelphia, 150 W. Butler, county, Pa., ui the w. part of the state, contains 800 sq. ms. Alleghany r. touches the CO. in the n. e. and s. E. angle. Drained by Slippery Rock and Connequenessing creeks and their branches, which flow w. into Beaver river. The surface is uneven, but the .soil is fertile, and adapted both to grain and to grazing. Capital, Butler. There were in 1840, neat cattle 26,051, sheep 51,191, swine 40,144 ; wheat 254,914 bush, produced, rye 107,703, Ind. corn 125,097, buck- wheat 91,261, oats 629,179, potatoes 286,158; 59 stores, cap. $172,850 ; 3 furnaces, 3 fulling m., 4 woollen fiac, 22 tanneries, 13 distilleries, 2 pow- der m., 5 potteries, 54 grist m., 64 saw m., 4 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $249,662. 2acad. 119 students, 134 sell. 5,252 scholars. Pop. 1830, 14,653; 1840,22,378. Butler, county, Ala., in the s. part of the state, contains 1,000 sq. ms. Drained by branch- es of Conecuh r. The surface is undulating, and the soil moderately productive. Capital, Green- ville. There were in 1810, neat cattle 5,550, sheep 1,112, swine 10,757; wheal 3,19-i bushels produced, Ind. corn 116,766, oats 4,293, potatoes 8,392, rice 500 pounds, cotton 6J6,302 ; 14 stores, cap. ,$35,500 ; 1 cotton fac. 934 sp., 4 tanneries, 23 grist m., 16 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $41,850. 6 acad. 236 students, 9 sch. 233 scholars. Pop. 1830, 5,650 ; 1810, whites 6,192, slaves 2,470, free col'd 23 ; total, 8,635. Butler, county, Ky., central in the w. part of the state. Watered by Green r., which is nav- igable through this county. It contains 570 sq. ms. Capital, Morgantown. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,784, sheep 4,978, swine 21,564 ; wheat 15,313 bush, produced, Ind. com 183,088, oats 35,424, potatoes 4,103, tobacco 170,776 pounds, cotton 16,409, sugar 10,254, 6 stores, cap. $15,300 ; 1 tannery, 3 distilleries, 2 flouring m., 7 grist m., 1 acad. 51 students, 3 sch. 98 scholars. Pop. 1830, 3,053 ; 1840, wliites 3,379, slaves 515, free col'd 4 ; total, 3,893. Butler, county, O., in the s. w. part of the state, contains 480 sq. ms. The Miami r. and Miami canal cross it, and it is a populous and wealthy co. Capital, Hamilton. 1 here were in 1340, neat cattle 21,903, sheep 29,172, swine 63,828 ; wheat 318,720 bush, produced, rye29,2ai, Indian com 2,243,561, buckwheat 1,760, barley BUT 93 BYR 12,656, oats 550,990, potatoes 46,035, sugar 3S,86l) pounds ; 121 stores, cap. §208,420 ; 2 lumberyards, cap. $6,200 ; 1 fulling m., 6 woollen fac, 10 tan^ neries, 49 distilleries, 2 breweries, 3 potteries, 17 flouring m., 21 grist m., 3S saw m., 4 oil m., 2 pa- per fac, 3 printing offices, 1 daily, 2 weekly news- papers. Cap. in manufac. $196,775. 2 colleges, 254 students, 1 acad. 62 students, 79 sch. 3,237 scholars. Pop. 1830, 27,044 ; 1840, 28,173. Butler, p-t., Wayne co., N. Y., 178 w. n. w. Albany, 358 W. The surface is rolling, and the soil a gravelly loam. It has 1 store, cap. $1,500 ; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,500. 11 sch. 735 scholars. Pop. 2,271. Butler, p-b., capital of Butler co.. Pa., 203 n. N. w. Harrisburg, 245 W. Situated on Conneque- nessing cr. It has a handsome court house, situ- ated on a public square, the coimty offices, a well endowed academy, 5 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Unionist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Ro- man Catholic — and about 100 dwellings, 13 stores, cap. $61,850 ; 3 tanneries, 1 pottery, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $30,100. 2 acad. 119 students, 2 sch. 125 schol- ars. Pop. 861. Butler, t., Butler co., Pa. It has 1 tannery, I brewery, 2 powder m., 4 grist m., 7 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $41,702. 14 sch. 359 scholars. Pop. 1,384. Butler, t., Luzerne co.. Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $8,000 ; 1 flouring m., 9 saw m. Capital in manufac. 7,100. 2 sch. 80 scholars. Pop. 514. Butler, p-o., De Kalb co., la., 145 n. n. e. In- dianapolis, 553 W. Butler, t.. Branch co., Mich. Watered by Hog r. It has 3 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 234. Butler, t., Columbiana co., O. It has 7 sch. 39 scholars. Pop. 1,711. Butler, t.. Dark CO., O. Pop. 1,116. Butler, t., Mercer co., O. Pop. 178. Butler, t., Montgomery co., O. It contains 5 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 5 dis- tilleries, and 1 woollen fac. Pop. 1,896. Butler's Landing, p-v., Jackson co., Tenn., 85 N. E. Nashville, 636 W., on Cumberland r. 15 ms. from Gainesboro. Butler's Mills, p-o., Montgomery co., N. C, 106 s. w. Raleigh, 380 W. Butlersville, p-o., Warren co., O., 94 n. e. Columbus, 466 W. Butterfly, p-o., New Haven t, Oswego co., N. Y., 161 N. w. Albany, 386 W. Butter Hill, a high and steep eminence on the w. of Hudson r. at the n. entrance of the *' Highlands." Buttermilk Channel, the passage between Governors Island and Long Island, in the harbor of New York. Buttermilk Falls, N. Y., a picturesque and beautiful cascade on the w. bank of the Hudson r., 2 ms. below West Point. Butternuts, p-t., Otsego co., N. Y., 94 w. by s. Albany, 341 W. The surface is liilly, and the soil red shale, on slate and sandstone. Drained by Butternut cr. and Unadilla r. It has 8 stores, cap. $39,200 ; 4 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 3 grist m., II saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $98,120. 18 sch. 796 scholars. Pop. 4,057. I Butts, comity, Ga., in the central part of the I state, contains 420 sq. ms. The Ockmulgce river ] runs on its e. border. Capital, Jackson. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,666, sheep 2,522, swine 15,046: wheat 34,637 bush, produced, rye 562, Indian corn 224,395, oats 28,813, potatoes 5,385, cotton 926,659 pounds ; 21 stores, cap. $63,429 ; 11 grist m., 6 saw m.. 1 acad. 64 students, 4 sch. 120 scholars. Pop. 1830, 4,944 : 1840, whites 3,285, slaves 2,022, free col'd 1 ; total, 5,308. Butztown, p-o., Northampton co.. Pa., 97 N. E. Harrisburg, 190 W. Buxton, p-t., York co., Me., 65 s. w. Augusta, 532 W. Incorporated in 1772. Saco r. runs on its s. w. border, and lias here a fall of about 80 feet, which furnishes a very extensive water power. It has 12 stores, cap. $6,650 ; 2 fulling m., 6 tanneries, 1 pottery, 2 gri.st m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $24,138. 15 sch. 1,271 scholars. Pop. 2,688. Buxton Centre, p-o., Buxton t., York co.. Me., 66 s. w. Augusta, 535 W. Buzzard's Bay, lies on the s. coast of Ms., 30 ms. long, and 7 broad, at an average width. From the head of this bay, a canal has been proposed across Cape Cod, a distance of only 5 ms. This would often save a tedious navigation round the cape ; and it is a wonder that a work so easily accomplished, has not been effiscted. Buzzard's Roost, p-o., Franklin co., Ala., 147 N. by w. Tuscaloosa, 800 W. Byberry, p-t., Philadelphia co., Pa., 113 E. by s. Harrisburg, 155 W. Watered by Poquessing cr. Soil, sandy loam. First settled in 1682. It has 5 stores, cap. $8,850 ; 2 flouring m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,500. 1 acad. 26 students, 5 sch. 183 scholars. Pop. 1,055 Byersville, p-o., Sparta t., Livingston co., N. Y., 249 w. Albany, 339 W. Byesville, p-o., Guernsey co., O., 82 e. Co- lumbus, 322 W. Byfield, p-v., Essex co., Ms.,' 35 n. by e. Bos- ton, 463 W. It is a parish partly in Newbury t., and partly in Rowley town. It has a fertile soil, which is under good cultivation. Parker r. has falls, which afford good water power. Dummer academy, located here, was founded in 1756, by a handsome donation, and named after its founder, the Lt. Governor of the province. Byram, r., in the s. w. part of Ct., separates this state from the state of N. Y. It enters Long Island Sound. Byram, t., Sussex co., N. J., 8 s. E. Newton. It lies on South Moimtain, and the surface is very uneven. Drained by the Musconetcong r., which runs on its s. border. It has 4 stores, cap. $43,000 ; 4 forges, 1 distillery, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $34,360. 8 sch. 224 scholars. Pop. 1,153. Byrd, t.. Cape Girardeau co.. Miss. It has 5 sch. 123 scholars. Pop. 2,575. Byrnville, p-v., Fulton t., Schoharie co., N, Y., 46 w. by s. Albany, 384 W. It contains 1 store, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., and 12 or 15 dwellings. Byron, p-o., Oxford co.. Me., 56 s. w. Augusta, 633 W. It has 4 sch. 90 scholars. Pop. 219. Byron, p-t., Genesee co., N. Y., 10 n. e. Bata- via, 243 w. by n. Albany, 334 W. The surface is level, and the soil generally fertile, and well cultivated. Drained by Black cr., which furnish- es water power. It has several sulphur springs. The V. has 3 stores, 2 churches, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 30 dwellings, and 200 inhabitants. In the t., are 4 stores, cap. $20,000 ; 2 fulling m., 1 flour- ing m., 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,300. 9 sch. 400 scholars. Pop. 1,907. Byron, p-v., Shiavvassee co., Mich., 72 n. w. Detroit, 589 W. Byron, p-o., Laporte co., la. Byron, p-v.. Ogle co., 111., 187 n. Springfield, 820 W. Byron Forge, p-o., Stewart co., Tenn., 65 n. w. Nashville, 749 W. CAD 94 CAH C. Cabaiiatchkk, p-0., Macon co., Ala., 133 s. E.Tuscaloosa, SH W. Cabariu's, county, N. C. Situated in the s. part of tlie .stale, containing 300 sq. ms. Tiie surface is i)roken, and some of it mountainous, and the soil fertile. Drained by the uj)per sources of Rocky r., which falls into the Vad- kin r. Capital, Concord. There were in iiSiO, neat cattle 10,816, sheep 9,l42, swine 'iljGOO ; wheat 8(),3l)0 bush, produced, rye 2,031, Ind. corn 418, I8l1, barley 3GG, oats 51,y'J:•^, potntoes 17,276, silk cocoons 174 pounds, cotton 4,568,726 ; 15 stores, cap. $78,475 ; value of gold produced, $3,761 ; 1 smelting house, 7 tanneries, 2 distil- leries, 18 flouring m., 20 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in nianuliic. $1,800. 4 acad. 107 students, 22 sch. 513 scholars. Pop. 1830, 8,796; 1840, whites 6,971, slaves 2,179, free col'd 109; total, 9,259. Cabei.l, county, Va., in the w. part of the state, on the Ohio r. It contains about 1,000 sq. ms. Drained by Guyandott r., which runs through it, and Big Sandy r., on its w. border. The surface is broken, and in some parts moun- tainous, and much of the soil is indifferent. Capital, Barboursville. There were in 18i0, neat cattle 9,261, sheep 9,631, swine 19,606; wheat 39,327 bush, produced, rye 500, Ind. com 379,121, oats 96,285, potatoes 17,138, silk co- coons 35 pounds, tobacco 6,375 ; 22 stores, cap. 67,600; 4 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 13 grist m., 8 sawm. Cap. in manulac. $3i,3!)0. 1 acad. 15 students, 12 sch. 324 scholars. Pop. 1830, 5,884 ; 1840, whites 7,574, slaves 567, free col'd 22 ; total, 8,163. Cabekn's, p-c, Union co., Ark., 108 s. Little Rock, 1,173 W. Cadi.v Creek, p-o., Lewis co., Ky., 92 n. e. Fr.mkfort, 471 W. Cabin Hill, p-o., Andes t., Delaware co., N. Y.,85s. w. Albany, 345 W. Caui.n Point, p-v., Surry co., Va., 43 s. e. Richmond, 166 W. Situated near Chipoak cr., and contains a store, and 18 or 20 dwellings. Cabot, p-t., Caledonia, co., Vt., 20 n. e. Mont- pelier, 535 W. Drained by the head waters of Onion r. Some of its waters flow E. into Con- necticut r. The surface is rougli, and the soil is chiefly adapted to grazing. Chartered in 1781, and flrst settled in 1785. It contains a Congre- gational and a Methodist church. It has 4 stores, cap. $10,000; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tan- neries, 1 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manuliic. $13,750. 15 sch. 450 scholars. Pop. 1,440. Cabotville, p-v., Springfield t., Hampden co., Mass., 95 vv. by s. Hoston, 367 w. Situated on the K. side of ('onnccticut r., at the entrance of Chickapee r. It contains 3 churches, 1 t'ongre- gational 1 Unitari., and IBap. 3 cotton fac, 2 fac. of machinery, and several stores and dwellings. Cache, t., (ircene co.. Ark. It has 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 804. Cache, t., Monroe co.. Ark. It has 1 sch. 17 scholars. Pop. 372. Cade's Cove, p-o., Blount co., Tenn., 199 e. by s. Nashville, 527 W. Caddo, parish. La. Situated in the n. w. corner of the state, between Red r. on the e. and the Sabine r. on the s. w. The surface is level or slightly uneven, and the soil mo- derately good. It has Caddo lake, a consider- able body of water, in its n. part, and lied r. on its eastern boundary. Capital, Shrcveport. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,310, sheep 144, swine 14,927 ; Ind. corn 177,515 bush, produced, potatoes 45,230, cotton 2,891,300 pounds; 16 stores, cap. $134,300; 1 tannery, 3 saw ni., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 2 acad. 45 students, 3 sch. 42 scholars. Pop. whites 2,416, slaves 2,837, free col'd 29 ; total, 5,282. ('addo, t., Clark CO., Ark. Pop. 661. Caddo Cove, t.. Hot Spring co.. Ark. It has 1 sch. 27 scholars. Pop. 207. Cadiz, p-t., capital of Harrison co., O., 114 E. N. E. Columbus, 2-*4 W. It is a flourishing agri- cultural t., with a handsome village, where is a large brick court house, 2 large brick Presbyte- rian churches, and a Methodist church. There are in the v., 1 acad. 20 students, 3 sch. 253 scholars. Pop. 1,028. In the t., 1 acad. 25 stu- dents, 5 sch. 327 scholars. Pop. 1,366. Cadiz, p-v., Trigg co., Ky. Situated on the bank of Little r., 9 ms. from Cumberland r. It has a court house, church, and a male and female seminary. It stands on a beautiful eminence, has some trade, particularly in tobacco, and con- tains about 450 inhabitants. Cadiz, p-v., Henry co., la., 45 e. n. e. Indian- apolis, 455 W. Cadro.v, t., Conway co., Ark. Pop. 312. Cadwallader, p-o., Perry t., Tuscarawas CO., O., 95 e. by n. Columbus, 38 W. Cadyville, p-v., Plattsburg t , Clinton co., N. Y., 173 N. Albany, 548 VV. Situated on the Saranac r., and contains 2 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., and about 25 dwellings. Caesar's Creek, t.. Green co., O. Watered by Caesar's Creek, a branch of the Little Miami r. It is a flourishing agricultural t. It has 2 distilleries. Pop. 1,736. Caernarvo.n, t., Berks co.. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $10,000 ; 1 flouring ra., 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,150. Pop. 830. Caernarvo.v, t., Lancaster Co., Pa. It has 7 stores, cap. $21,400 ; 2 forges, 1 fulling m., 1 woollen factory, 3 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 4 flouring m., 6 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $9,190. 7 sch. 210 scholars. Pop. 1,5 JO. Cahaba, river, Ala., 120 ms. long. It rises in St. Clair CO., and flows s. into the Alabama r., at Cahaba v., in Dallas co., 195 above its junction with the Tombigbee r. Cahaba, p-v., capital of Dallas co., Ala., 92 s. s. E. Tuscaloosa, 853 W. Situated on the w. bank of the Alabama r., just btlow the junction of the Cahaba r. It contains a court house, jail, a 11. S. land oflice, and several stores and dwellings. Cahokia, p-v., St. Clair co., 111., 98 s. by w. S[)ringfield, 811 VV. Situated on the e. bank of the Mississippi r., 5 s. e. St. Louis. It is an old French settlement, and was one of the earliest in Illinois, having been established about 16S3. At the commencement of the revolutionary war, it contained 50 families, and was early the seat of a considerable fur trade. Caiiokia, creek. 111., rises in Macoupin co., and empties into the Mississippi r. 2 ms. below the ierry at St. Louis. Through the American bottoms near its mouth, its course is sluggish, and a mill dam backs the water for 15 miles. It formerly passed the village of Cahokia, but a mischievous Frenchman, from some pique against the village, cut a channel from the creek to the Mississippi, which has since become its outlet Along its borders are 60 or 70 mounds, of various shapes and sizes. Cahoes, or Cahoos Falls, on the Mohawk CAL CAL r., N. Y., 3 ms. above the mouth of the r. The falls are 70 feet perpendicular, and when the river is full, present a grand spectacle. The b;inks below are formed by perpendicular rocks, about 100 feet high. The Erie canal passes along the s. bank of the r., has a number of locks, and crosses tlie r. a little above the falls, in an aqueduct. About a mile below, the r. is crossed by a bridge, and the Champlain canal crosses it by means of a dam. C.\i.\, t.. Fountain CO., la. It has 602 scholars in schools. Pop. 1,567. Cain's, p-o., Lancaster co., Pa., 56 s. by E. Harrisburg, 131 W. Cain's, p-o., Gwinnett co., Ga., 100 N. N w. Milledgcville, 63J W. Cainsville, p-o., Wilson co., Term., 31 e. oy N. Nashville, 650 W. Ca Ira, p-v., Cumberland co., Va., 57 w. by s. Richmond, 147 \V. Situated on Willis's river, which is navigable to Curdsville 12 ms. above this place, 60 ms. from its mouth. It contains a church, free to all denominations, 3 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 tobacco warehouse, and various mechanic shops, 40 dwellings, and about 240 in- habitants. Cairo, p-t.. Green co., N. Y., 10 w. Catskill, 44 s. s. w. Albany, 346 W. The surface of the t. is hilly and mountainous, but the soil in the valleys is fertile. Watered by Catskill cr. and its tributaries. The v. has 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Blethodist church, 6 stores, 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 tan- nery, and 1 hat fac, 6'J dwellings, and 400 in- habitants. It contains the county poor-house, with a farm of 100 acres attached. There are in the t. 10 stores, cap. $24,800 ; 2 woollen fac, 1 tan- nery, 4 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manuiia,c. $48,000. 8 sch. 252 scholars. Pop. 2,862. Cairo, p-o., Edgefield dist., S. C, 115 e. s. e. Columbia, 563 W. Cairo, p v., Henderson co., Ky., 209 w. by s. Franklbrt, 736 W. Cairo, p-o., Decatur co., Ga., 209 s. s. w. Mil- ledgcville, 866 W. Situated on Little r. Cairo, p-v., Sumner co., Tenn., 31 n. n. e. Nashville, 662 W. Situated on n. side of Cum- berland r. Cairo, p-v., Alexandria co., HI., 233 s. by e. Springfield, 867 W. It is situated on the point of land formed by the junction of the Ohio with the Mississippi r., extending from river to river. The situation is important ; but the ground is low, and liable to be overflowed, which forms a great check to its growth and prosperity. Here is in- tended to commence the Great Central rail-road, extending northwardly through the state, with lateral branches. Calabee, p-o., Macon co., Ala. Calais, p-t., Washington co., Me., 200 e. n. e. Augusta, 786 W. It is situated at the head of na- vigation on the St. Croix or Schoodic r., nearly opposite to St. Andrews, N. Brunswick. It has an upper and a lower village, wliich are about 2 miles apart, and connected by a railroad. The falls in the r. here afford a very extensive water power. Below the lower falls is a bridge, which crosses to the British side. The tide here rises 20 feet, and vessels of the largest class ascend to the lower village. It has 3 for. commercial liouses, cap. $370,000 ; 30 stores, cap. $81,005 ; 6 lumber yards, cap. $71,000 ; 1 grist m., 20 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $130,820. 10 sch. 1,217 schol- ars. Pop. 2,934. Calais, p-t., Washington co., Vt., 10 n. e. Montpelier, 526 W. Watered by branches ot Onion r. It is a good grazing t., and several ponds afford fine trout in great abundance. It has 1 store, cap. $4,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 saw m., 4 oil m. Cap. m manufac. $6,700. 17 sch. 487 scholars. Pop. 1,709. Calais, p-o., Monroe co., O. Calcasieu, river of La., rises in the parish of Natchitoches, s. w. of Red r. ; towards its mouth it expands into a lake, 30 miles long, and from 1 to 10 wide, but contracts again to a river, before its entrance into the Gulf of Mexico. The tide fiows above the head of the lake ; but both the r. and lake are so shallow, as to be of little service lor navigation. Calcasieu, parish. La. Situated in the w. part of the state between the Mermentou and Sa- bine rivers. It contains about 5,000 sq. ms. Drained centrally by the Calcasieu rivers Capital, Lisbon. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 13,557, sheep 552, swine 4,564; Ind. com 16,670 bush, produced, potatoes 6,337, cotton 45,600, sugar 6,000 ; 4 stores, cap. $28,500 ; 1 tan- nery. Cap. in mamifac. $1,575. 2 sch. 28 scholars. Pop. whites 1,349, slaves 482, free col'd 226 ; total, 2,057. Calcutta, p-v., St. Clair t., Columbiana co., O., 163 N. E. Columbus, 270 W. It has 1 sch. 35 scholars. Pop. 135. Caldwell, county, N. C, in the n. w. part of the state. Drained by Yadldn r. The sur- face is broken, excepting the bottoms on the r., which are broad and very fertile, producing large crops of grain of all kinds. The Blue Ridge lies on its n. border. Capital, Lenoir. (Organized since the census of 1840.) Caldwell, parish. La., lies on the Ouachitta or Washita r. It contains about 560 sq. ms. On the e. side of the r. the soil is alluvial ; on the w. side, fine hills extend to Red r. Capital, Columbia. Pop. 2,017. Caldwell, county, Ky. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 600 sq. ms. Sur- face generally level ; soil fertile. It has the Tennessee r. on its s. w. boundary, and Cumber- land r. passes centrally through I he county. Cap- ital, Princeton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,191, sheep 10,045, swine 35,189 ; wheat 53,109 bush, produced, rye 2,113, Ind. corn 601,265, oats 101,367, potatoes 15,995, tobacco 2,567,625 pounds, cotton 17,154, sugar 8,205; 29 stores, cap. $130,100; 1 furnace, 1 forge, 6 tanneries, 13 distilleries, 2 potteries, 4 flouring m., 38 grist m., 9 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly news- paper. Cap. in manufac. $71,192. 1 college, 76 students, 3 acad. 69 students, 16 sch. 377 schol- ars. Pop. whites 8,091, slaves 2,171, free col'd 103 ; total, 10,365. Caldwell, county. Mo. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, contains 432 sq. ms. Tlie surface is level, and the soil fertile. Drained by Shoal cr., and has good water power. Capital, Far West. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,495, sheep 693, swine 5,056 ; wheat 4,079 bush, produced, Ind. corn 62,282, oats 15,190, potatoes 3,510, tobacco 2,950 pounds ; 6 stores, cap. $12,400. Pop. whites 1,397, slaves 61 ; total, 1,458. Caldwell, p-t., Warren co., N. Y., 63 n. Al- bany, 436 W. The t. is hilly and mountainous. The V. is delightfully situated on the s. w.end of Lake George, and contains a court house, jail, county clerk's office, 1 church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 plaster m., situated on Mill brook. It has 35 dwellings, and 200 inhabitants. The ruins of Fort William Henry and Fort George, famous in the history of the French war, are near this place. Lake George, on which a steam- boat runs regularly, between Caldwell and the outlet near riconderoga, a distance of 36 miles, CAL 96 CAL presents most romantic scenery, and is greatly resorted to in the summer season, by visiters to Saratoga, and others. Pop. of the t. 693. There are in the t., 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $9,500. 6 sch. 23'J scholars. Pop. 6'J3. Caldwell, p-t., Essex co., N. J., 60 n. n. e. Trenton, 230 VV. Drained by Deep and Green brooks, tributaries of tlie Passaic. It has a num- ber of mills, and considerable manufactures. The surface, excepting along the streams, is roll- ing or mountainous. It has 4 stores, cap. §0,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. IGG sp., 1 tannery, 1 bindery, 3 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $36,715. 1 acad. 22 students, 7 sen. 310 scholars. Pop. 2,134. C.\LDWELL, p-0., Greenville dist., S. C, 124 n. w. Columbia, 4S6 W. Caldwell, p-v., Caldwell par., Louisiana, 28S N. w. New Orleans, 1,197 W. Situated on the E. side of Washita r., on the border of Prairie du Lait. Caldwell, p-o., Pulaski co., Ark., 24 Little Rock, 1,039 W. Caledonia, county, Vt. Situated toward the N. E. part of the state, and contains 700 sq. ms. Connecticut r. runs on its s. e. border. The E. range of the Green mountains extends through its w. part. The surface is high, and the soil is good, and along the streams, is particularly fertile. Pasumpsic r. runs through it, and enters the Connecticut r. The head branches of Onion and Lamoile rivers rise in its w. part. It contams granite, limestone, and a number of sulphur springs. Capital, Danville. There •were in 1810, neat cattle 3i,668, sheep 100,886, swine 18,991; vi'heat 52,109 bush, produced, Ind. corn 52,350, barley 12,291, oats 342,433, rye 1,799, potatoes 1,066,848, hops 2,011 pounds, sugar 665,3J7; 53 stores, cap. $212,200; 1 furnace, 18 fulling m., 9 woollen fac, 27 tanneries, 3 potte- ries, 33 grist m., 107 saw m., 3 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $354,790. 4 acad. 322 students, 205 sch. 7,398 scholars. Pop. 1840, 21,891. CALEDONtA, p-t., Livingston co., N. Y., 229 w. Albany, 363 W. The surface is undulating, and the soil, a fertile calcareous loam. Watered by the Genesee r., on the e. On the w. a spring sends forth an efficient mill-stream. The v. con- tains 2 churches, 4 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 brewery, 70 dwellings, and about 450 inhabi- tants. There are in the t., 1 furnace, 5 stores, cap. $19,0S0 ; 1 tannery, 1 brewery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,800. 12 sch. 521 scholars. Pop. 1,987. Caledonia, p-o., Clearfield co., Pa., 133 n. W. Harrisburg, 230 W. Caledonia, p-v., Moore co., N. C, 85 s. w. Raleigh, 359 W. Caledonia, p-v., Claridon t., Marion co., O., 52 N. Columbus, 403 W. It is situated on the w. branch of Olentangy or Whetstone r., and contains a church, 2 stores, and 18 or 20 dwell- ings. There are some mills in the vicinity. Caledonia, p-v., Lowndes co., Miss., 157 n. E. Jackson, 883 W. Caledonia, p-v., Henry co., Tenn., 121 w. by N. Nashville, 814 W. Caledonia, p-v., Alexander co.. 111., 229 s. Springfield, 846 W. Situated on the Ohio, 13 ms. above its junction with the Mississippi. Caledonia, p-v., Washington co.. Mo., 117 s. T. Jefferson city, 891 W. Situated on the s. side of Big r., in the midst of a rich mineral region. Caledonia, t., Shiawassee co., Mich. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000; 1 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $5,000. Pop. 114. Calhoun, county, Florida, situated in the s. w. part of the ter., and contains 1,100 sq. m. It lies on the Apalachicola r., and has the Gulf of 3Iexico on the s. A narrow strip of elevated pine land borders the shore. The soil is sandy. Capital, St. Joseph. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,484, siieep 29, swine 966; Indian com 4,550 bushels produced, potatoes 4.495, rice 5,000 pounds; 7 com. houses, cap. $51,500; 10 s'ores, cap. $63,100; 9 lumber yards, cap. $8,550; 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $22,300. 3 acad. 52 students, 5 sch. 108 scholars. Population, 1,142. Calhoun, county, Mich., is central in the s. part of the state, and contains 720 sq. ms. Wa- tered by the head branches of the Kalamazoo r., and by St. Joseph's r. Organized in 1833. The surface is undulating, and the soil a rich sandy loam. It has valuable quarries of sandstone on Kalamazoo r., used as a building material. It has extensive water power. Capital, Marshall. There were in 1340, neat cattle 9,557, sheep 3,057, swine 18,308 ; wheat 176,630 bushels pro- duced, Ind. corn 140,971, buckwheat 3,338, bar- ley 20,553, oats 179,177, potatoes 132,319, sugar 19,755 pounds ; 33 stores, cap. $212,200 ; 4 distil- leries, 10 flouring m., 5 grist m., 29 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $233,260. 2 acad. 88 students, 96 sch. 2,157 scholars. Pop. 10,599. Calhoun, county. 111., situated in the w. part of the state, between the Illinois and Mississippi rivers. It contains about 240 sq. ms., and con- sists of table land and strips of alluvion, on the Mississippi and Illinois rivers. Capital, Gilead. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,705, sheep 860, swine 6,097; wheat 2,791 bushels produced, Ind. corn 72,030, buckwheat 205, oats 3,810, potatoes 5,673, sugar 1,460 pounds, tobacco .530; 8 stores, cap. 16,800 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $4,000 ; 2 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $32,425. 5 schools, 119 scholars. Pop. 1,741. Calhoun, p-v., Anderson dist., S. C, 115 w. n. w. Columbia, 525 W. Calhoun, p-v., Lumpldn co., Ga., 130 n. k. w. Milledgeville, 639 W. Calhoun, p-v., McMinn co., Tenn., 1^ s. w. Knoxville, 569 W. Situated on the n. side of Hiawassee river. Calhoun, p-v., Henry co., Mo., 117 w. by S. Jefferson city, 1,053 W. Calhoun's Mills, p-o., Abbeville dist^ S. C, 94 w. by N. Columbia, 511 W. Caliboge Sound, S. C, sets up from the Atlantic, 7 n. e. of the entrance of Savannah river. California, p-o., Cole co., Mo., 25 s. w. Jef- ferson city, 961 W. Callaghan's, p-o., Alleghany co., Va., 191 w. by N. Richmond, 228 W. Situated at the junction of the roads leading to the Warm, Sweet, and White Sulphur Springs. Calland's, p-o., Pittsylvania co., Va., 174 w. s. w. Richmond, 257 W. Callaway, county, Ky. Situated in the w. fart of the state, and contains 600 square miles. t lies on the Tennessee r., which bounds it on the E. Drained by Clark's r., which passes through the middle of it. Capital, Wadesboro. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,227, sheep 7,758, swine 39,520; wheat 54,911 bushels produced, Indian com 157,818, oats 65,903, potatoes 11,428, tobac- co 143,192 poimds, cotton 93,471, sugar 2,421; 16 stores, cap. $42,800; 7 tanneries, 26 distil- leries, 3 flouring m., 10 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,010. 18 sch. 206 scholars. Pop. CAM 97 CAM 1840, whites, 8,870, slaves 911, free colored 13; total, 9,794. Callaway, county, Mo., situated in the cen- tral part of the state, and lies on the Missouri r., which bounds it on the s. It contains 760 square miles. The surface is undulating, and the soil excellent. Drained by Big and Little Au Vase creeks. Capital, Fulton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,693, sheep 13,666, swine 29,493; wheat 33,909 bushels produced, rye 1,915, Ind. corn, 334,559, oats 127,057, potatoes 2,636, tobac- co 391,342 pounds, sugar 12,353 ; 24 stores, cap. $146,400; 6 woollen fac, 9 tanneries, 9 distille- ries, 1 rope fac, 5 flouring m., 34 grist m., 7 saw m., 2 oil m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly news- paper. Cap. in manufac. $33,510. 2 acad. 61 students, 40 sch. 964 scholars. Pop. 1830, 6,159 ; 1840, whites 8,601, slaves 3,142, free col'd 22 ; total, 11,765. Callaway's Mills, p-o., Franklin co., Va., 182 w. s. w. Richmond, 257 W. Callensburg, p-v., Toby t., Clarion co.. Pa., 190 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 276 W. Calumet, county. Wis., situated in the n. e. E art of the ter. Winnebago lake lies on its w. order. It contains 300 square ms. Drained by the head branches of Manitowoc r. There were in 1840, neat cattle 255, swine 438; wheat 1,192 bushels produced, Ind. com 3,619, potatoes 3,803. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. Pop. 275. Calumet Village, p-v., Calumet co.. Wis., 110 N. E. Madison, 957 W. Situated on the e. shore of Lake Winnebago. Calumet, t.. Pike co.. Mo. It has 5 sch. 142 scholars. Pop. 2,743. Calvary, t., Franklin co.. Mo. It has 1 sch. 16 scholars. Pop. 779. Calvary, p-o., Athens co., O., 82 s. e. Colum- bus, 348 W. Calvert, county, Md., situated in the s. part of the state, on Chesapeake Bay, which forms its E. boundary. It contains 264 square miles. The surface is undulating. Capital, Prince Frederick Town. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,487, sheep 6,601, swine 12,617; wheat 36,982 bushels produced, Ind. corn 166,592, oats 55,775, potatoes 6,056, tobacco 3,689 695 pounds ; 26 stores, cap. $45,520; 25 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,545. 5 acad. 58 students, 8 schools, 175 scholars. Pop. 1830, 8,899 ; 1840, whites 3,585, slaves 4,270, free col'd 1,474 ; total, 9,229. Calvl\, t., Cass CO., Mich. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $3,100. 1 sch. 44 scholars. Pop. 209. Camak, p-o., Warren co., Ga., 48 n. e. Milledge- ville, 622 W. It is a depot on the Georgia rail- road. C amanche, p-v., and capital of Clinton county, Iowa, 60 E. Iowa city, 912 W. Situated on the w. side of the Mississippi r. Cambria, p-o., Luzerne co., Pa., 104 n. n. e. Harrisburg, 215 W. Cambria, county. Pa., central in the w. part of the state, and contains 720 square miles. It occupies a valley between the main branch of the Alleghany mountains and Laurel ridge. The railroad from HolUdaysburg passes over the mountain, on its eastern border, and terminates at Johnstown, in the s. part of this county, connect- ing the parts of the Pennsylvania canal. The surface is rough, and in some parts mountainous, and the soil moderately good. Drained by the head waters of the Kiskiminitas or Connemaugh r., and also of the w. branch of the Susquehanna river. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,518, sheep 11,46), swine 10,769; wheat 31,421 bush. 13 prod., rye 22,704, Indian corn 31,943, buckwheat 15,827, barley 1,473, oats 1 14,470, potatoes 87,856, hops 503 pounds, sugar 27,539 ; 10 com. houses in for. trade, cap. $5,900; 32 stores, cap. $88,800 ; 2 lumberyards, cap. $1,000; 6 tanneries, 1 brew- ery, 1 pottery, 1 rope fac, 20 grist m., 60 saw rn., 1 printing oflicc, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manudic. $32,852. 71 sch. 269 scholars. Pop. 1830,7,076; 1840, 11,256. Cambria, p-t., Niagara co., N. Y., 283 w. by N. Albany, 406 W. The surface is generally level, and the soil sandy and calcareous loam. It has 1 grist m., 2 saw ni., 1 oil m. Cap. in man- ufac $6,0,50. 17 sch. 759 scholars. Pop. 2,090. Cambria, t., Cambria co.. Pa. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay and sand. Drained by Black Lick cr. and the n. branch of Little Connemaugh r. Ebensburg b., in this t., is the capital of the CO. It has a commanding situation on the Alle- ghany mountains, and contains 3 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Congregationalist, and 1 Roman Catho- lic — and about 40 dwellings. The t. has 7 stores, cap. $23,800 ; 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 1 week- ly paper, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,830. 8 sch. 320 scholars. Pop. 1,156. Cambria, p-o., Hillsdale co., Mich. Cambridge, p-t., Somerset co., Me., 63 n. Au- gusta, 653 W. It has 1 store, cap. $500 ; 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,000. 5 sch. 198 scholars. Pop. 461. Cambridge, p-t., Lamoille co., Vt., 48 n. w. Montpelier. The Lamoille r. runs through this t., and, with its branches, furnishes some mill seats. The interval land on the r. is fertile ; the surface, generally, is rough, but suited to grazing. First settled in 1783. It has 8 stores, cap. $15,500 ; 2 fuUing m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,150. 17 sch. 530 scholars. Pop. 1,790. Cambridge, p-t., semi-capital of Middlesex co., Ms., 3 N. w. Boston, 437 W. In 42° 22' n. lat., and 71° 7' 38" w. Ion. This is one of the early towns in New England, having been first settled in 1631, under the name of Newtown. It is the seat of Harvard University, formerly called Harvard College, the oldest college in the United States, having been founded in 1633, which was less than 20 years after the first landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth. Cambridge contains a court house and jail, state arsenal, and 5 churches — 2 Unitarian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Uni- versalist. The courts are alternately held here and at Concord. The court house and jail are at E. Cambridge, at Lechmere's Point, a village at the s. e. extremity of the town, which is con- nected with Bostoii and Charlestown by bridges. Here is a large glass manufactory. Harvard University has a president and 27 pro- fessors, or other instructors ; has had 5,546 alum- ni, of whom 1,406 have been ministers of the gos- pel ; has 246 classical students, and 53,000 vol- umes in its libraries. The commencement is on the 4th Wednesday in August. The philosophi- cal and chemical apparatus are very complete, as well as its cabinet of minerals. It has an ex- cellent anatomical museum and a botanical gar- den, of eight acres, richly stored with an extensive collection of trees, shrubs, and plants, both native and foreign. The University buildings are ex- tensive and commodious, situated on a beautiful plain, where is a neat village. The irregularity in the position of the edifices, renders them less imposing in their appearance than they otherwise would be, but not less adapted to their purposes. They are University Hall, an elegant granite building, 140 by 50 feet, and 42 feet high, con- tauiing the chapel, dining halls, and lecture CAM 98 CAM rooms ; Harvard Hall, containing the library, philosophifal apparatus, museum, &c.; 4 spacious Drick edifices, containing rooms for students, and several otiior buildings for the accommodation of the president, professors, and students ; Divinity Hall, for the accommodation of the theological students ; and the Medical College, in Boston, a Law School, a Theological Seminary, and a Medical School, are attached to the institution, the last of which is located in Boston. Tlie Law School has 115, the Theological 26, and the Medical 8G students. The whole number of stu- dents attached to the institution, including resi- dent graduates, is 478. This institution is more richly endowed than any other similar institution in the United States. There are in the tovni 1 commercial and 1 commission house, cap. $40,000; 27 stores, cap. $93,950; 8 lumber yards, capital $85,000; 3 rope fac, 2 printing offices, 1 bindery, 5 periodicals, 1 university, 341 students, 2 acad. 45 students, 16 sch. 2,455 scholars. Pop. 8,409. Cambridge, p-t., Washington co., N. Y., 34 n. by E. Albany, 404 W. The surface is mostly level, and the soil gravelly loam. Watered by Hoosic river and its tributaries. The village contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Associate Reform- ed church, 100 dwellings, and about 700 inhabi- tants. It has 4 stores, and several mills and man- ufactories. The t. has 2 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $900. 13 sch. 297 scholars. Pop. 2,005. Cambridge, t., Coos co., N. H. Situated on the Androscoggin r. The surface is uneven and rough. Chartered in 1773. It has only 5 in- habitants. Cambridge, p-v., capital of Dorchester county, Md., 61 s. E. Annapolis, 101 W. Situated on the s. side of Choptank r., which is here 2 miles wide, 12 miles from the Chesapeake bay. It contains a court house and jail, an academy, and 2 churches — 1 Methodist and 1 Eoiscopal. Cambridge, p-t., Lenawee co., Mich., 66 s. w. Detroit, 526 W. It has 2 com. houses, cap. $6,000; 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,500. 4 sch. 114 scholars. Pop. 644. Cambridge, p-t., capital of Guernsey co., O., 77 E. Columbus, 316 W. The village is plea- santly situated on the e. side of Wills cr., on the national road, and contains a court house and other public buildings, 130 dwellings, and about 700 inliabitants. It has 1 acad. 25 students, 9 schools, 329 scholars. Pop. 1,845. Cambridge, p-v., Abbeville dist., S. C, 79 w. by N. Columbia, 525 W. Cajibridgk, p-v., Wayne co., la., 52 e. Indian- apolis, 519 W. Situated on the w. side of the West branch of Whitewater r., and on the na- tional road. Cambridge, p-v., Dallas co., Ala., 84 s. by e. Tuscaloosa, 867 W. Cambridgeport, p-o., Windham county, Vt., 101 s. Montpelier, 448 W. Cambkidgeport, p-v., Cambridge t., Middle- sex county, M.S., 2 w. Boston, 433 W. Here is a neat and pleasant village, containing a Unita- rian and a Baptist church, and considerable com- merce and manufactures. Camden, county, N. C. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and (contains 22S sq. ms. 'I'he surface is low and marshy. It has Pasquotank r. on its s. w. border. Ca|)ital, Camden C. H. or Jonesburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,149, sheep 2,672, swine 12,562; wheat 2,739 bush, produced, Ind. corn 285,574, oats 9,480, po- tatoes 15,4.55, cotton 6,792 pounds ; 21 stores, cap. $48,200; 5 distilleries, 18 orrist m., 5 saw m., 1 »cad. 70 students, 6 sch. 169 scholars. Pop. 1830, 6,721 ; 1840, whites 3,844, slaves 1,661, free col'd 158; total, 5,663. Camden, county, Ga. Situated in the s. E. part of the .state, with the Atlantic on the e., from which it is separated by Cumberland island, which stretches along almost its entire border. It contains about 700 sq. ms. St. Mary's river curves along its s. border, and has a depth of water sufficient for the largest vessels. The Santilla rj)a.sses through the co. Capital, .Teffer- sonton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 17,093, sheep 1,453, swine 7,207; Ind. com 6S,565 bush, produced, potatoes 53,575, rice 1,006,440 pounds, silk cocoons 120, cotton 2,032,740, sugar 20,450 ; 15 stores, cap. $112,,500; 5 tanneries, 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $101,290. 1 acad. 90 students, 11 sch. 13S scholars. Pop. 1830, 4,578; 1840, whites 2,004, slaves 4,049, free col'd 22 ; total, 6,075. Camden, p-t., Waldo co., Me., 42 e. s. e. Au- gusta, 10 N. Tliomaston, 632 W. It is pleasantly situated on the w. side of Penobscot Bay, and has a good harbor. It has considerable naviga- tion employed in the coasting trade and the fish- eries. Ship building is carried on, and the man- ufacture of lime, which is extensively exported. It has 41 stores, cap. $100,000 ; 2 tanneries, 1 print- ing office, 1 weekly newsp>aper, 5 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $105,600. 1 acad. 100 students, 17 sch. 1,169 scholars. Pop. 3,005. Camden, p-t., Oneida co., N. Y., 128 n. w. Al- bany, 397 W. The surface is uneven, and the soil a fertile sandy loam. Drained by Fish cr. and its tributaries. The v. is on the w. branch of Fish cr. Incorporated in 1834. It has a town house, 3 churches, 100 dwell.ngs, and about 700 inhabitants. There are in the t., 5 stores, cap. $46,.500 ; 1 furnace, 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 5 tanneries, 6 grist m., 13 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $33,750. 1 acad. 60 students, 14 sen. 720 scholars. Pop. 2,331. Camden, city, p-b., and port of entry, Glouces- ter CO., N. J., 29 s. s. w. Trenton, 139 W. It is situated on the e. side of Delaware river, opposite to Philadelphia. The city consists of three parts, a central or principal part, and a northern and southern village or suburb, from each of which is a ferry to Philadelphia. The ship channel is on the Philadelphia side, but ships of the largest class come up to the lower village, and vessels of 150 tons to the central parts of Camden, at high tide. Camden has 6 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Epis- copal, 2 Methodist, and 2 Friends — an academy, a bank, 400 dwellings, and 70 or 80 buildings oc- cupied in manufactures, and considerable com- merce. It has several public gardens. The Camden and Amboy railroad, leading from New York city, terminates here. A railroad also pro- ceeds s. to Woodbury. There were in 1840, 13 stores, cap. $28,4(K) ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $18,000 ; 1 tur|icntine factory, 1 grist m., 5 saw m., 3 print- ing offices, 3 weekly newspapers, 1 periodical. O.ip. in manufac. $224,050. 3 acad. 240 students, 3 .schools, 15 scholars. Pop. 3,371. Camden, p-v., Kent co., Del., 3 s. Dover, 121 W. It is situated on the s. branch of Jones' cr., and contains 20 or 30 dwellings. Camden, p-v., Somers t., Preble co., O., 102 w. s. w. Columbus, 495 W. Situated on the w. bank of Seven 3Iile cr., near the mouth of Paint cr. It contains 2 churches, 9 or 10 stores, and about 60 dwellings. Camden, p-t., Hillsdale, co., Mich., 120 s, E. Detroit, 537 W. Pop. 174. (^\Ml>KN, p-v., Shelby co., Ky., 31 w. Frank- fort, 573 W Camden, p-v, capital of Benton co., Term., CAM 99 CAM 79 w. Nashville, 763 W., 9 w. Tennessee r., contains a court house and a few dwellings. Camde.v. p-v., Carroll co., la., 74 n. Indianapo- lis, 632 W. Situated on the n. side of Passian- ong cr. Camden, p-v., Madison co.. Miss., 39 n. by e. Jackson, 1,007 W. Situated on a small creek flowing into Big Black r. Camden, p-v., capital of Kershaw dist., S. C, 33 N. E. Columbia, 473 VV. It is situated on the E. bank of Wateree river, which is crossed U miles s. w. of the village by a bridge, which cost $20,000. Flat-boats ctf 70 tons come to the place. Camden contains a court house, jail, an academy, a masonic hall, a brick market-house, a library, an arsenal, 4 churches, some of which are elegant — 1 Episcopal, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Bap- tist, and 1 Methodist. It has a bank, about 40 stores, 200 dwellings, and 1,000 inhabitants. One mile E. by s. of the place, are the De Kalb mills, and a cotton fac. with 1,200 sp., 24 looms, and which employs 60 hands. The soil around Camden is fertile, yielding good crops of cotton and corn, but liable to be overflowed. In a good season, peaches and apples are sold at from 12J to 25 cents a bushel, and fine melons equally cheap. Two celebrated battles were fought here during the revolution, one August 16th, 1780, between Gen. Gates and Lord Comwallis, and another, April 23d, HSl, between Gen. Greene and Lord Rawdon. At the end of De Kalb-slreet, opposite the Presbyterian church, is a fine, white marble monument, erected to the memory of Baron De Kalb, of revolutionary celebrity, the corner-stone of which was laid by the venerable Lafayette, in 1825. Two miles w. of Camden is a large Indian mound, supposed to mark the site of an ancient town of the Catawbas. Camden, p-o., Camden co., Ga. Camden, p-v., Schuyler co., 111., 72 w. n. w. Springfield, 8J0 W. Cajiden, p-v., Kay co.. Mo., 149 w. n. w. Jef- ferson city, 1,052 W. Situated on the n. side of the 3Iissouri r., 340 from St. Louis, by the course of the r. Camden, C. H., p-v., capital of Camden co., N. C, 219 E. n. e. Raleigh, 2S7 W. Situated on the E. side of Pasquotank r. It contains a court house, and several stores and dwellings. Camden, t., Lorain co., O. It has 4 sch. 115 scholars. Pop. 504. Camden Point, p-o., Platte co.. Mo. Camel's Rump, one of the highest peaks of the Green Mountains, Vt., situated on the e. border of Huntington t., 4,188 feet above tide water, 17 w. Montpelier, 20 s. e. Burhngton. The view from the top of it is extensive, beautiful, romantic, and grand. Cameron, p-t., Steuben co., N. Y., 7 s. Bath, 225 w. s. w. Albany, 304 W. The surface is hilly, and the soil, a fertile calcareous loam and clay. Watered by Canisteo r. It lias 2 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,195. 12 sch. 542 scholars. Pop. 1,359. Camerons Mills, p-o., Orange co., N. C, 45 N. w., Raleigh, 262 W. Camillqs, p-t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 7 w. Syracuse, 139 w. n. w. Albany, 347 W. The surface is rolling ; soil, calcareous loam. Drain- ed by Nine Mile cr. The Erie canal passes through the t. It contains a Presbyterian and a Methodist church. Gypsum is found here. It has 12 stores, cap. $65,900 ; 2 tanneries, 2 flour- ing m., 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $69,427 ; 15 sch. 924 scholars. Pop. 3,957. Campbell, county, Va., in the s. part of the state, lies between James r. on the n., and Staun- ton r. on the s., and contains 576 sq. ms. The surface is rough and the soil productive, adapted both to grain and to grazing, and producing also tobacco and fruits. The rivers by which it is bordered are both navigable for boats, giving it a ready access to Chesapeake bay and Albemarle .sound. Capital, Lynchburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,810, sheep 13,858, swine 20,991 ; wheat 177,949 bush, produced, Ind. corn 431,960, oats 227,539, potatoes 22,622, hemp and flax 163 tons, tobacco 3,257,193 pounds, cotton 4,234 ; 3 commission houses m for. trade, cap. $102,000; 94 stores, cap. $1,587,636 ; 1 furnace, I cotton lac. 1,500 sp., 9 tanneries, 15 distilleries, II flouring m., 34 grist m., 33 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $398,091. 5 acad. 195 students, 20 sch. 339 scholars. Pop. 1830, 20,330 ; 1840, whites 10,213, slaves 10,045, free col'd 772; total, 21,030. Campbell, county, Ga., in the n. w. part of the state, lies on both sides of Chattahoochee r., and contains 3J0 sq. miles. Surface undulating, soil, fertile. Capital, Campbellton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,164, sheep 3,103, swine 15,779; wheat 37,201 bush, produced, Ind. corn 231,475, oats 18,194, potatoes 3,864, tobacco 7,436 pounds, cotton 895,737 ; 12 stores, cap. $14,200; 3 tanneries, 14 distilleries, 13 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,787. 19 sch. 462 scholars. Pop. 183i), 3,323 ; 1840, whites 4,526, slaves 842, free col'd 2 ; total, 5,370. Campbell, C. H., p-v., Campbell co., Va., 125 VV. s. w. Richmond, 203 W. Campbell, county, Teiin. Situated in the n. E. part of the state ; has the Tennessee r. passing through its s. e. part. It contains 672 sq. ms. The Cumberland mountains pass through it; and on its n. w. side, the streams are discharged into Cumberland r. Capital, Jack.sborough. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,863, sheep 4,954, swine 22,803; wheat 14,240 bush, produced, rye 1,951, I. corn 199,753, oats 43,27t), potatoes 6,154, cotton 1,73 i pounds, sugar 5,715 ; 10 stores, cap. .$33,500 ; 5 forges, 5 tanneries, 19 distilleries, 1 powder m., 37 grist m., 7 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $21,681. 2 sell. 56 scholars. Pop. 1830, 5,110; 1840, whites 5,831, slaves 261, free col'd 5i; tofcil 6,149. Campbell, county, Ky. Situated in the n. part of the state, on the Oliio r. Licking r. pass- es w. of it, and enters the Ohio nearly opposite to Cincinnati. The surface is uneven, and the soil fertile. Capital, Newport. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,446, sheep 4,071, swine 5,539; wheat 27,702 bush, produced, rye 1,110, Ind. com 112,147, oats 19,167, potatoes 15,371, tobacco 23,010 pounds ; 3 stores, cap. $6,100. Cap. in manufac. $7,065. 8 sch. 186 scholars. Pop. 1840, whites 4,921, slaves 289, free col'd 4 ; total, 5,214. Campbell, t., Warwick Co., la. It has 4 sch. 125 scholars. Pop. 959. Ca.mpbell, p o., Lawrence co., O. Campbell Creek, po., Bath t., Steuben co., N. Y., 224 w. by s. Albany, 301 W. Ca.mpbell, t., Steuben co., N. Y., 10 s. e. Bath, 209 w. s. w. Albany. The surface is hilly, and the soil clay and marly loam. Watered by Con- hocton r. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 gi-ist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,775. 4 sch. 237 scholars. Pop. 852. Ca.mpuell's Bridge, p-o., Marion dist., S. C, 139 E. by N. Columbia, 441 W. Campbellsburg, p-v., Henry co., Ky., 31 n. w. Frankfort, 573 W. Campbell's Port, p-o., Portage co., O. Campbell's Station, p o., Knox co., Tenn., 163 E. NashvUle, 513 W. or ^. CAN 100 CAN Campbell's Store, p-o., Pendleton co., Va. Campbellsville, p-v., Giles co., Tenn., 67 s. by w. Nashville, 731 W. Campbellsville, p-v., Greene co., Ky., 77 s. e. vv. Frankfort, 599 W. Campbellton, p-v., capital of Campbell co., Ga., 102 N. w. Milledgeville, G99 W. It lies on both sides of the Chattahoochee river, and con- tains 25 houses. Campbelltown, p-o., Jankson co., Flor. Campbelltown, p-o., Campbell t., Steuben CO., N. Y., 223 w. by s. Albany, 288 VV. Campbelltown, p-v., Lebanon co.. Pa., 15 e. Harrisburg, 125 W. Ca.mp Bra.n'ch, t., Warren co.. Mo. Pop. 527. Camp Call, p-o., Cleveland co., N. C. Camp Cheek, p-o., Green co., Tcnn., 264 e. Nashville, 440 W. Camp Creek, p-o., Livingston co., Ky., 240 w. s. w. Frankfort, 767 W. Camp Creek, t.. Pike co., O. It has 1 saw m. Ca{). in manuf. $80. 6 sch. 181 scholars. Pop. 298 Camp Creek, p-o., Hancock co., 111., 113 n. w. Springfield, 874 W. Ca.mp Ground, p-o., Appling co., Ga., 163 s. e. E. Milledgeville, 774 W. Camp Ridge, p-o., Williamsburg dist., S. C, 114 s. E. Columbia, 492 W. Camp Spring, p-o., Lawrence co., Ala., 93 n. by E. Tuscaloosa, 778 W. Campton, p-t., Grafton co., N. H., 47 n. by w. Concord, 528 W. The surface is uneven, with some mountains, and rocky ledges. Watered by Pemigewasset r. and its branches. The soil in the valleys is good. The natural growth is white oak and pitch pine, in the s. part. Chartered in 1767. It has 3 stores, cap. $10,500 ; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $19,405. 14 sch. 486 scholars. Pop. 1,513. Camptown, p-v., Orange t., Essex co., N. J., 3^ s. w. Newark, 52 n. e. Trenton, 218 W. It has 1 church, free to all denominations, built of stone, 3 stories high, tlie lower story occupied as an academy, the second as a church, and the third as a masonic liall, 1 Presbyterian church, 3 stores, and 75 dwellings, somewhat scattered. Elizabeth r. attbrds water power, on which is 1 saw m. and 1 grist m. The American amiy camped here in the revolutionary war, whence it derives its name. Camptown, p-o., Bradford co.. Pa. Campville, p-o., Owpgo t., Tioga co., N. Y., 154 s. w. Albany, 282 W. Ca.mpville, p-o., Coles co., EL, 103 e. s. e. Springfield, 695 W. Canaan, p-t., Somerset co., Me., 13 e. Nor- ridgewock, 36 n. by e. Augusta, 631 W. It lies on the E. side of Kennebec r., and is a good farm- ing town. Incorporated in 178S. It has 5 stores, cap. $7,500; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw in., 11 8cn. 555 sdiolars. Pop. 1,379. Canaan, p-t., Grafton co., N. H., 41 n. w. Concord, 496 W. Drained by Mascomy r. and its tributaries. The soil is tolerably fertile. Chartered in 1761. First settled in 1766. It has several ponds, one of which, on high ground, is curiously surrounded by a mound of earth, appa- rently thrown up by the motion of the ice, on its breaking up in the spring. It has 3 stores, cap. $14,500 ; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 Uinnery, 6 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $43,800 1 acad. 144 students, 16 sch. 377 scholars. Pop. 1,576. Canaan, p-t., Essex co., Vt., 31 n. Guildhall, 106 N. E. Montpelicr, 603 W. Situated in the extreme N. E. part of the state, on Connecticut r. Chiirtered in 1782, settled in 1735. The surface I is rough, and the soil cold. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,500 ; 1 tannery. Cap. in manufac. $300. 5 sch. 108 scholars. Pop. 378. Canaan, p-t., Litchfield co., Ct., 42 n. w. Hart- ford, 18 N. N. w. Litchfield, 343 W. It lies on the e. side of Housatonic r., which has between this place and Salisbury a perpendicular fall of 60 feet, forming, when the r. is full, a grand spec- tacle, and affording extensive w^ater power. Limestone is exten.sive, and the lime is superior, and IS extensively exported. The s. e. part of the t. is mountainous, while other parts are level. The soil along the streams is fertile. Watered by Blackberry r. and Hollcnbeck r., both of which supply mill seats. Iron has been exten- sively manufactured and WTOught here ; but the ore is brought from the w. part of Salisbury, on the border of the state of New York. It has 8 fiimaces ; 10 stores, cap. $21,400 ; 3 fuUmg m., 2 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 3 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $61,925. 1 acad. 20 students, 14 sch. 584 scholars. Pop. 2,166. Canaan, p-t., Columbia co., N. Y., 20 n. e. Hudson, 24 s. e. Albany, 362 W. It has con- siderable hills, with fertile intervening valleys. Bog iron ore and limestone are found. Watered by tributaries to Kinderhook cr. The railroads from W. Stockbridge to Hudson, and from W. Stockbridge to Albany, pass through the t. It has 4 stores, cap. $10,000 ; 2 fuUing m., 3 wool- len fac, 2 cotton fac. 268 sp., 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $31,800. 1 acad. 23 students, 8 sch. 685 scholars. Pop. 1,957. Canaan, p-t., Waj-ne co., Pa., 159 n. e. Har- risburg, 253 VV. Drained by branches of Lacka- waxen cr. Carbondale and Honesdale railroad passes through it. The surface is partly moim- tainous and partly level ; the soil, gravel and loam. It has 1 store, cap. $11,000; 11 sch. 548 scholars. Pop. 1,462. Canaan, p-t., Wayne co., O., 107 n. e. Colum- bus, 350 W. Canaan, p-v., Jefferson co., la., 84 s. s. e. In- dianapolis, 560 W. Canaan Centre, p-v., Canaan t., Columbia CO., N. Y., 26 s. E. Albany, 364 W. It has a church, a store, and a flourishing academy. Canaan Four Corners, p-v., Canaan t., Co- lumbia CO., N. Y., 25 s. w. Albany, 363 W. It is an agricultural settlement, with a church, store, and 12 or 15 dwellings. Canaan, t., Hillsdale co., Mich. Pop. 164. Canaan, t., Wayne co., O. Pop. 1,827. Canaan, t., 3Ia(lison co., O. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,350; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 3 .saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,175. 8 sch. 315 scholars. Pop. 607. Canaan, t., Marion co., O. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $45. 5 sch. 200 scholars. Pop. 1,027. Canaan, t., Athens co., O. It is situated on the Hockhocking r., and contains salt-works, and various mills. It has 4 stores, cap. $2,00i0 ; 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,250. 4 sch. 76 scholars. Pop. 800. Canaanville, p-o., Athens co., O., 80 s. e. Columbus, 341 W. Canada Creek, the w. and largest branch of Mohawk r., 60 miles long. It has several rapids and cascades which afford interesting views. Canadaiga, p-o., Otsego co., N. Y., 68 w. Al- bany, 372 W. Canaimce, p-t., Ontario co., N. Y., 18 s. w. CaiiaiKhiigua, 218 w. Albany, 334 W. The sur- flue is hilly ; soil, clay loam and sand, some of which is fertile. It has several ponds or lakes, one of which is 3 miles long, and half a ntiie CAN 101 CAN wide. It has 3 saw m. Op. in inanufac. $3,300. 11 sch. 611 scholars. Pop. 1,341. Canajoharie, p-t., Montgomery cc, N. Y., 50 w. N. w. Albany, 395 W. The surface is hilly and tlie soil fertile. Drained by Bowman's and Ousquake creeks, which flow into the Motiawk. The V. is situated on the s. side of Mohawk r. Incorporated in 1829. It has 4 churches— 1 Pres- byterian, 1 Dutch Reformed, 1 Lutheran, and 1 Methodist— an academy, 10 stores, 2 grist m., 2 distilleries, 1 brewery, 1 furnace, 2 saw m. It furnishes fine stone for building and for the con- struction of locks in the Erie canal. The Erie canal passes througli the centre of the v. The Catskill and Canajoharie railroad will terminate here. There are in the t., 1 1 stores, cap. $41,000 ; 2 furnaces, 2 fulling ni., 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 4 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $59,239. 2 acad. 265 stud., 28 sch. 1,655 schol. Pop. 5,146. Canal, p-o.. Van Buren t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 147 w. N. w. Albany, 354 W. Canal, p-t., Venango co.. Pa., 218 n. w. Har- risburg, 292 W. It has 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,050. 3 sch. 65 scholars. Pop. 867. Canal Dover, p-o, Dover t., Tuscarawas co., O., 116 N. E. Columbus, 316 W. Canal Port, p-o., Allen co., la. Canal Fulton, p-v., Lawrence t., Tuscarawas CO., O., 125 N. E. Columbus, 330 W. Situated on the E. side of Tuscarawas r. and on the Ohio ca- nal. It contains 6 warehouses, 6 stores, 1 steam saw m., 1 tannery, 1 brewery, 70 dwellings and about 400 inliabitants. Canal Winchester, p-o., Fairfield co., O. Canandaigua, p-t, capital of Ontario co., N. Y., 195 w. by n. Albany, 341 W. The surface consists of gentle hills and beautiful plains, and the soil is fertile. The v. is delightfully situated at the N. end of Canandaigua lake. It contains a court house, jail, and other county buildings, a town hall, 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episco- pal, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and 1 African — 2 bank- ing houses, and a bank for savings, an academy, and a female seminary, which are flourishing, 25 stores, 2 printing offices, 1 steam flouring m., and 1 saw m. ; 350 dwellings and about 2,790 inhab- itants. The village is built with neatness and taste, and presents many desirable situations. It is surrounded by a rich agricultural country, was incorporated in 1815, and is one of the most pleasant places in westeiTi New York. The t. has 26 stores, cap. $112,300 ; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 printing offices, 1 bmdery, 2 weekly papers, 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $59,200. 2 acad. 500 students, 20 sch. 1,318 scholars. Pop. 5,602. Canandaigua Lake, is 14 miles long, and from 1 to li miles wide, and with its highly cultivated shores, presents many fine views. The water is remarkably clear, and abounds witli excellent fish. Its outlet flows into Flint creek, then into Clyde r., and thence into Seneca r., the common outlet of a cluster of lakes. Canandaigua, v., Lenawee CO., Mich., 17 w. Adrian, 82 s. w. Detroit. Situated on the e. side of Bean cr. It has 1 store, and a flouring mill. Canasauga, p-v., Bradley co., Tenn., 174 s. E. by E. Nashville, 586 W. It is situated near Hi- wassee r. Canastota, p-v., Lenox t., Madison co.,N. Y., 119 w. N. w. Albany, 364 W. Situated on the Erie canal, and near the Syracuse and Utica rail- road. It contains 1 Dutch Refoi-med and 1 Meth Candia. p-t., Rockingham co., N. H., 13 s. k. Concord, 470 W. Incorporated in 1763. The surface is elevated, constituting, in its w. part, tlie height of land between the ocean and Merri- mac r. It commands an exiensive view of the surrounding country, reaching to the White Hills in the n. and to the ocean. The soil is hard, but fertile and well cultivated. It has 5 stores, cap. $6,300 ; 1 fulling m., 13 sch. 498 scholars. Pop. 1,430. Candor, p-t., Tioga co., N. Y., 8 n. Owego, 171 s. w. Albany, 2S5 W. The surface is hilly, and the soil generally a fertile loam. Drained by Cottotong, and West Owego creeks. The v. contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist^ — 3 stores, 2 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 clothier's works, 45 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. There are in the town, 4 stores, cap. $24,000 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 54 savv m. Cap. in manufac. $51,273. 1,141 scholars in schools. Pop. 3,370. Candor, p-v., Washington county, Pa., 227 w. Harrisburg, 254 W. It has 2 sch. 100 scholars Pop. 223. Caneadea, p-t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 10 n Angelica, 2'71 w. by s. Albany, 347 W. The Genesee r. flows nearly through its centre, re- ceiving several small mill streams. Soil, clay and sandy loam. The village is on the e. side of Genesee r. and has 1 store, 1 sawm., 1 fulling m., and 12 or 15 dwellings. There are in the t., 6 stores, cap. $11,200 ; 1 tannery, Igristm., lOsaw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,150. 7 sch. 279 schol- ars. Pop. 1,633. Cane Creek, p-o., Chatham co., N. C, 50 w. Raleigh, 324 W. Cane Creek, p-o., Lincoln co., Tenn., 75 s. Nashville, 720 W. Cane Creek, p-o., White co., 111., 196 s. E. Springfield, 766 W. Cane Creek, p-o., Benton co., Ala., 162 n. e. by E. Tuscaloosa, 740 W. Cane Creek, p-o., Wayne co.. Mo., 216 s. E. Jefferson city, 940 W. Cane Hill, p-t., Wasliington co., Ark., 192 n. w. Little Rock, 1,201 W. Cane Spring, p-o., Bullit co., Ky., 62 w.by s. Frankfort, 606 W. Pop. 923. Cany Spring, p-o., Marshall co., Tenn., 42 s. Nashville, 705 W. Canyville, p-v., Grayson co., Ky., 173 s. w. Frankfort, 661 W. Canfield, p-t., Trumbull co., O., 164 n. e. by E. Columbus, 14 s. by e. Warren, 293 W. The soil is productive. It has 10 sch. 460 scholars. Pop. 1,279. Canfield's Corners, p-o., Nichols t., Tioga CO., N. Y., 166 s. w. by w. Albany, 272 W. Canisteo, p-t., Steuben co., N. Y., 243 w. s. w. Albany, 14 s. w. Bath, 711 W. The surface is broken ; soil, clay and calcareous loam, and adapted to grazing and to grain. The hills are covered with a heavy growth of pine. Watered by Canisteo r. and its tributaries. On the streams are rich alluvial flats. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,010. 8 sch. 316 scholars. Pop. 941. Canlsteo r., N. Y., rises in Alleghany co., and enters Tioga r. in Steuben co., after a course of 50 ms., 40 of which are boatable. Cannonsburg, p-o., Hancock co., O. Cannon's Ferry, p-o., Sussex co., Del., 51 s Dover, 115 W. Cannonsville, p-o., Tompldns t., Delaware odist church, 8 stores and forwarding houses, 120 co., N. Y., Ill w. by s. Albany, 307 W. dwellings, and about 800 inhabitants. Incorpo- Canoga, p-v., Fayette t., Seneca co., N. Y., 173 rated, 1835. [ w. Albany, 339 W. It is situated about a mile w. CAN 102 CAN of Cayuga lake. Near it is a spring, which dis- charges water suflicient to turn a mill. It has 2 churches, 3 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m , 1 clo- thier's works, 80 dwellings, and about 500 inhab- itants. Cannon, county, Tenn., situated in the central part of the state, and contains about 100 sq. ms. Drained by small branches of Cumberland river. Surface, hilly ; soil, fertile. Capital, Woodbury. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,188, sheep 9,746, swine 28,989; wheat 38,005 bush, produced, rye 1,249, Ind. com 4 19,828, oats 56.800, potatoes 9, 11 5, tobacco 32,2.35 pounds, cotton 29,20], sugar 8,545 ; 4 stores, cap. $15,050; 7 tanneries, 18 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 19 grist m., 9 saw m. ( 'ap. in man- ufao. $20,145. 1 acad. 25 students, 19 sch. 495 scholars. Pop. wliites 6,558, slaves 618, free col'd 17; total, 7,193. Cannonsburg, p-b., Washington co., Pa., 216 w. Harrisburg, 18 s. w. Pittsburg, 243 W. Situ- ated on Chartier's cr., and contains about 700 in- habitants. The place is supported chiefly by Jefferson College, located here. This institution was founded in 1802. It has a president, and 6 profes.sors or other instructors, 224 alumni, 120 students, and 3,300 volumes in its libraries. The commencement is on the fourth Wednesday in September. Its course is completed in 3 years. A medical department is attached to it, located in Philadelphia. There is a theological school connected with the institution, under the care of the vice-president ; and it has supplied many clergymen to the western country. It has 17 stores, cap. $17,500; 1 tannery. Cap. in manu- fac. $2,250. Pop. 687. Cannon's Store, p-o., Spartanburg dist., S. C, 121 N. N. w. Columbia, 479 W. Cannouchee, r., Ga., the w. and largest con- fluent of Ogeeehee r., 140 ms. long, navigable 50 ms. to Cedar cr. Canonicut, island, in Narraganset bay, R. I., is 7 miles long and 1 broad, 3 w. Rhode Island. Cantatoe, p-o., Bedford t., Westchester co., N. Y., 125 s. Albany, 273 W. Canterbury, p-t., Merrimac co., N. H., 8 n. Concord, 116 W. The surface is uneven, and the soil good. It has several ponds, the outlets of which furnish mill seats. The Merrimac r. forms its w. boundary, over which are 2 bridges. First settled in 1727. There is a Shakers' v. in the s. E. part. It has 3 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen factory, 3 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manuiac. $3,473. 12 sch. 575 scholars. Pop. 1,643. Canterbury, p-t., Windham co., Ct., 12 n. Norwich, 41 e. Hartford, 368 W. The surface is uneven, and the soil a fertile gravelly loam. First settled in 1690. In the central parish is a pleas- ant village, in the middle of which is a public square, on one side of which stands a neat Con- gregational church. Quinebaug river forms its e. boundary, and furnishes a good shad fishery, in the spring. A bridge connects it with Plainfield. It has 1 fulling mill, 2 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 1,000 sp., 2 tanneries, grist m., 10 saw m., 16 oil m. Cap. in niaiiufac. $44,500. 12 sch. 538 scho- lars. Pop. 1,791. Canterbury, p-v., Cornwall t.. Orange co., N. Y., 89 s. Albany, 289 W. It is situated 1 m. w. of Cornwall Landing, on the Hudson r. It con- tains 3 stores, 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 4 church- es — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Methodist, 1 Orthodo.v Friends, and 1 Hicksite Friends — 80 dwelling.s, and about 500 inhabitants. Canterbury, p-v., Kent co., Del., 8 s. by w. Dover, 1 16 W. Situated at the head of Motlier Kill creek. Canton, p-t., Oxford co., 3Ie., 30 w. n. w. Aa- gustn, 602 W. The Androscoggin river passes through it. Incorporated in 1821. The soil is good. It has 3 stores, cap. $7,500 ; 8 sch. 370 scholars. Pop. 919. Canton, p-t., Norfolk co., Ms., 16 g. by w. Bos- ton, 426 W. 2 ponds give rise to 2 branches of Neponset river, which affords water power. In- corporated in 1797. The soil is indifferent, but thet. has considerable manufactures. The Boston and Providence railroad passes through the town, and has an expensive granite bridge, or viaduct, over one of its streams, 600 feet long, and 63 feet above its foundation, supported on arches. It has 9 stores, cap. $16,000 ; 3 furnaces, 5 forges, 2 wool- len lac, 4 cotton fac. 1,808 sp., 2 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 acad. 16 students, 7 sch. 506 scholars. Pop. 1,995. Canton, p-t., Hartford co., Ct., 13 n. w. by w. Hartford, 339 W. First settled in 1740, incorpo- rated 1806. The surface is uneven, and the soil coarse and stony. Farmington r. passes througii its s. vv. jiart. h has some manufactures, partic- ularly of axes. It has 3 stores, cap. $12,500; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 powder m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $323,900. 8 sch. 310 scholars. Pop. 1,736. Canton, p-t., capital of St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 223 N. N. w. Albany, 495 W. The surface is gently undulating, and the soil a fertile clay loam. Watered by Grass r. and its branches. The Os- wegatchie enters its n. w. comer. Marble is found here, and sulphate of iron, from which cop- peras and alum are extensively manufactured The v. is on Grass r., and contains a court house, jail, and clerk's office, 3 chtirches — 1 Presbyte- rian, 1 Methodist, and 1 Union — 1 acad., 6 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 clothier's works, 1 furnace, 1 tannery, and a marble fac, 125 dwel- lings, and about 800 inhabitants. Here is a fine bridge across Grass r. There are in the t., 1 fur- nace, 8 stores, cap. $24,500 ; 3 fulling m., 3 tan- neries, 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Capital in manufac. $24,515. 1 acad. 223 students, 22 sch. 854 schol- ars. Pop. 3,465. Canton, p-v., Salem co., N. J., 69 s. s. w. Tren- ton, 184 W. Situated on the w. branch of Stow creek. Canton, p-t., Bradford co.. Pa., 136 n. Harris- burg, 246 W. Surface hilly ; soil, gravelly loam. Watered by Tow'anda cr. and its tributaries. It has 2 stores, cap. 3,500 ; 2 fulUng m., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,275. 8 sch. 407 scholars. Pop. 1,254. Canton, t., Washmgton co.. Pa. The surface is slightly undulating ; soil, loam. Coal is abun- dant. Drained by Chartiers cr. and its tributa- ries. Washington b. lies partly in tlus t. It has 1 store, cap. $500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 2 sawm., 5 sch. 230 scholars. Pop. 1,132. Canto.n, p-t., capital. Stark co., O., 124 n. e. Co- lumbus, 313 W. The v. is pleasantly situated in i the forks of Nimishillen cr., which imite li m. be- low tiie v., and it is surrounded by a fertile cotm- try. First settled in 1806. It has a court house, jail, 3 brick oJliccs, 4 churches, mostly of brick — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Methodist, 1 German Lutheran, and 1 Roman Catholic — 18 or 20 stores, 1 acade- my, a market house, a bank, a library company, a mechanics' society, 2 prmting offices, and near- ly 300 dwellings. It has 1,284 scholars in sch. Pop. 3,299. Canton, p-v., Washington co., la., 97 s. Indian- apolis, 600 W. Canton, p-v., Fulton co.. 111., 69 n. n. w. Spring field, 819 W. It is pleasantly situated on th« CAP 103 CAR border of a large prairie. It has 1 acad. 27 stu- dents, 3 sell. 78 scholars. Pop. 762. Canton, p-v., capital of Cherokee co., Ga. Sit- uated on the N. side of Etowah r. It contains a court house, several stores and dwellings. Canton, p-v., Wilcox county, Ala., 91 s. by e. Tuscaloosa, 883 W. Canton, p-v., Trigg co., Ky., 9 s. w. Cadiz, 235 s. w. by w. Frankfort, 7(52 W. Situated on Cum- berland r., 40 ms. from its mouth. It is the cen- tre of trade for the surrounding country, and be- ing on navigable waters, it does their sliipping business. Pop. about 200. Canton, p-v., capital of 3Iadison co.. Miss., 23 N. by E. Jackson, 993 W. It contains a court hou>e and several dwellings. Canton, p-v., Lawrence co.. Ark., 16 1 n. n. e. Little Rock, 1,021 W. Canton, t., VV'ayne co., Mich. Watered by the head branches of the soutli branch of Rouge r. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufactures, $300. There are in sch. 343 scholars. Pop. 1,081. Canton Centre, p-v., Canton t., Hartford co., Ct. Cantonment Gibson, p-v., and military sta- tion, in the Indian Ter., 221 w. N. w. Little Rock, Ark., 1,286 W. Situated on the e. side of the Neosho r., 5 ms. above its entrance into Red r. Here are situated strong military works for the protection of the western frontier. Cantwell's Bridge, p-v., New Castle co., Del., 24 N. by w. Dover, 133 W. It is situated on the N. side of Appoquinimink cr. It contain.s several stores and dwellings. Cape Bridge, p-o., Hampshire co., Va. Cape Island, p-v.. Cape May co., N. J., 108 s. Trenton, 218 W. It is situated in the extreme s. point of the state, on the shore of the Atlantic, and is much frequented as a watering place from July to September. Here are 6 boarding houses, some of them large, and several splendid hotels. The place affords great facilities for sea batliing, and for fishing. Cape May, N. J., situated on the n. side of the entrance into Delaware bay. On it is a light-house. It is 18 N. Cape Henlopen, 38° 57' n. lat., 74° 52' w. Ion. Cape May, county, N. J. Situated in the s. part of the state. The soil is wholly alluvial, and the surface is level. Along its e. coast is a sandbeach, which, from half a mile to 2 miles in width, is covered with grass, which affords pasture for neat cattle and sheep. It is broken by several inlets by which the sea penetrates the marshes and forms lagunes or salt-water lakes. Tucka- hoe r. runs on its n. border, and receives some streams from the co. Capital, Cape May C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,875, sheep 5,778, swine 2,268 ; wheat 8,692 bush, prod., rye 7,573, Indian com 69,975, buckwheat 882, oats 24,404 potatoes 14,394 ; 29 stores, cap. $47,400 ; 8 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,700. 20 sch. 992 s.sholars. Pop. 1830, 4,936 ; 1840, 5,324. Cape May, C. H., p-v., 3Iiddle t.. Cape May CO., N. J., 93 s. Trenton, 203 W. It has a court housp, a stone jail, brick fire-proof offices, a Bap- tist church of brick, and 10 or 12 dwellings. Cape Cod, Ms., m 42° 5' n. lat., 70° il' w. Ion., projects from the shore of Massachusetts, and is curved inward, something in the shape of the arm of a man, bent inward at the elbow and the wrist. It is 65 miles long, and from 1 to 20 broad, and contains the county of Barnstable. Cape Elizabeth, t.. Me., consists chiefly of a peninsula, 6 s. Portland. Cape Elizabeth, in 43° 33' N. lat,, 79'^ 11' w. long., is the s. e. point of the town. Another cape in the e. part of the t., at the entrance of Portland harbor, contains a light-house. It has 9 sch. 670 scholars. Pop. 1,666. Cape Fear, N. C, is on the s. point of Smith's Island, in 33° 48' n. lat. and 78° 9' w. Ion., near the mouth of Cape Fear river. Cape Fear, river, N. C. Its n. w. branch is formed by the imion of Deep and Haw rivers ; thence flowuig 100 miles, it receives the n. e. branch of Clarendon r., above Wilmington; and 34 miles below, it enters the Atlantic by 2 chan- nels, one on each side of Smith's Island. It af- fords the best navigation of any river in the state. By means of embankments the channel has been deepened, and steamboats now proceed 90 miles to Fayetteville at the lowest water. Cape Girardeau, county. Mo., situated in the s. E. part of the state, lies on the Mississippi river. It contains about 864 sq. ms. Drained chiefly by the sources of White Water r. Iron ore and other minerals are found in the county. Capital, Jackson. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,857, sheep 10,300, swine 33,528 ; wheat 41,235 bushels produced, Ind. corn 461,635, oats 11 1,383, potatoes 24,577, tobacco 229,191 pounds, cotton 9,934, sugar 37,318 ; 26 stores, cap. $79,800 ; 12 tanneries, 35 di.stilleries, 7 flouring m., 16 grist m., 16 saw m., 1 printmg office, 1 weekly news- paper. Cap. in manufac. $82,787. 7 sch. 175 scholars. Pop. 1830, 7,445 ; 1840, whites 8,020, slaves 1,325, free col'd 14 ; total, 9,359. Cape Girardeau, p-v., Cape Girardeau co., Mo., 207 s. E. Jefferson city, 850 W., is on the w. bank of the Mississippi r., 10 ms. from Jackson, the co seat. It has 10 or 12 stores, and about 500 inhabi- tants. It was agitated by earthquakes in 1810 and 12, and some chimneys were thrown down. It has a steam saw m. The town has 2 acad. 40 students, 1 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 1,728. Cape Neddock, York co.. Me., a barren head- land, projecting into the Atlantic ocean, inhab- ited by a few fishermen. Capeville, p-v., Northampton co., Va., 170 E. by s. Richmond, 216 W. It is on the e. shore of Chesapeake bay, near Cape Charles. It contains 2 stores, several mechanic shops, and 12 or 14 dwellings. Cape Vincent, p-v., Lyme t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 190 n. w. Albany, 442 W. Situated on the s. side of St. Lawrence r. It has 2 churches — 1 Presbyterian and 1 Episcopal — 5 stores, 2 warehouses, 1 steam flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 fur- nace and axe factory, 1 tannery, and a ship yard. It is a port of entry, and has a convenient steam- boat landing. It has a regular communication with Kingston, Canada. Captina, p-o., York t., Belmont co., O., 134 E. Columbus, 295 W. Capon Springs, p-o., Hampshire co., Va. Carbondale, p-v., Luzerne co.. Pa., 35 n. e. Wilkesbarre, 160 n. n. e. Harrisburg, 264 W. The village is situated on Lackawana cr. It has 15 stores, 6 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episco- pal, 1 Baptist, 2 Methodist, and 1 Roman Catho- lic — and 500 dwellings. This flourishing village owes its e.xistence to the Lackawana coal mine. The mine is situated ui the front of a hill. It is quarried in a continuous line for 60 rods, and pre- sents a front of good coal, 20 feet in thickness, with several feet of imperfect coal above it Several stationary steam engines draw up the coal in wagons, on a railway, by several inclined planes, from the mine to the summit level, 850 feet above the mine, whence it descends by another railway, 16 miles long, by several inclined planes, 912 feet, to the canal at Honesdale, and thence to the Delaware r., where it meets the Delaware and Hudson canal througli which it is conveyed CAR 104 CAR to the Hudson r. There were 119,407 tons of coal raised in 1840, emplr)ying a capital of $100,000, and 275 persons. The Delaware and Hudson Canal Company mine and send to marlvet from 180 to 200,000 tons of coal annually. One mile w. of the village. Fall Brook, a consideralile stream, has a beautiful cascade, 80 feet high. There are in the town 14 stores, cap. $54,500 ; 1 furnace, 2 tanneries, 1 brewery. 3 saw m. Cap. in manuf. $327,000. 4 sch. 190 scholars. Pop. 2,3i»8. Cardiff, p-v., Lafayette t., Onondaga co., N. y., 132 w. N. w. Albany, 335 W. It contains 2 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 25 dwellings, and 150 inhabitants. Cardingto.x, p-v., Morven t., Marion co., O., 36 N. Columbus, 405 W. It has a store, a woollen fac, and several mills in the neighborhood. Carlinvillf,, p-o., capital of Macoupin co., HI., 39 s. s. w. Springfield, 811 W. Situated on the N. side of Lake Fork of Macoupin r. in a beautiful prairie. It has several stores, 1 sch. 61 scholars. Pop. 327. A theological seminary, under the patronage of the Presbyterian Synod of Illinois, was establis, neat cattle 9,141, sheep 3,744, swine 32,691 ; wheat 51,613 bush, produced, rye 1,089, Ind. com 469,361, oats 49.274, jjotatoes 10",6y7, tobarco 6,43i) pounds, cotton 326,403 ; 53 stores, cap. §67,578 ; 2 furnaces, 6 tanneries, 15 distilleries, 2 flouring m., 16 grist m., 14 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in maiiufae. $19,6S0. 16 sell. 468 scholars. Pop. whites 7,381, slaves 1,995, free col'd 14 ; total, 9,390. Cass, county, Mich. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, having the state of Indiana s., and contains 528 sq. ms. Drained by St. Jo- seph's, Christiana, and Dowagiake rivers. The surface is gently undulating, and the soil is of a superior quality. It is diversified with lakes, prairies and oak openings. Capital, Cassopolis. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,179, sheep 5,524, swine 11,411 ; wheat 95,101 bush, produ- ced, Ind. com 177,925, buckwheat 1,064, barley 1,886, oats 98,833, potatoes 132,319, sugar 83,369 pounds; 10 stores, cap. $49,700; 4 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 flouring m., 4 grist m., 22 saw m. Cap. in'manufac. $68,817. 25 sch. 827 scholars. Pop. 1830, 919 ; 1840, 5,710. Cass, county, la. Situated centrally in the N. part of the state, and contains 415 sq. ms. Watered by Wabash r., and Eel r. Organized in 1829. The general face of the country is level, and abounds with springs of excellent water, and the streams aflTord good mill seats. The Wabash and Erie canal passes through the CO. Capital, Logansport. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,598, sneep 2,0)5, swine 9,266; wheat 23,990 bush, produced, Ind. corn 118,755, buckwheat 720, oats 37,304, potatoes 30,496, sugar 20,400 pounds ; 27 stores, cap. $7,200 ; 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 3 flouring m., 2 grist m., 14 saw m., 1 printing oflice, 1 weekly newspaper. C'ap. in manufac. $67,300. 13 sch. 276 scholars. Pop. 5,480. Cass, county, 111. Situated centrally in the w. part of the state, and contains 256 sq. ms. Drained by branches of Sangamon r., on the n. and head branches of Indian and other creeks, which fall into the Illinois r., on the w. and s. The surface is undulating, consisting of tniiber and prairie ; soil, very fertile, ('apital, Vir- ginia. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,318, sheep 3,098, swine 12,260 ; wheat 25,812 bush, produced, Ind. corn 192,830, oats 21,162, pota- toes 12,694, tobacco 350 pounds ; 2 commission houses, cap. $10,000; 8 stores, cap. $10,476; 1 woollen fac, 1 brewery, 5 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,575. 7 sch. 279 scholars. Pop. 2,981. Cass, p-t., Hancock co., O., 100 n. w. Colum- bus, 446 W. It has 1 store, cap. $500 ; 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $900. 6 sch. 225 scholars. Pop. 617. Cass, river, 3Iich., a considerable branch of Saginaw r., which it enters 20 miles from its mouth. It is a line mill stream ; and in high water, is boatable 15 or 20 miles from its mouth. Cass, p-t., Ionia co., Mich., 133 w. N. w. De- troit, C20 VV. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $1,600. Pop. 202. Cassadaga Lake, a small body of water in Chautauque co., N. Y., wliich gives rise to Cas- sadaga cr., a fine mill stream, which enters into Connewango cr. Cassadaga, p-o., Pomfret t., Chautauque co., N. Y., 331 w. by s. Albany, 337 W. Cassoi'olis, p-v., capital of Cass co., Mich., 167 s. w. Detroit, 615 W. It is situated on the .V. w. border of Stone lake, and has a handsome court house, a jail, 5 stores, 100 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants. Cassville, p-v., Paris t., Oneida co., N. Y., 86 N. N. VV. Albany, 375 W. Situated on Sau- quoit cr. It has 2 churches, 2 stores, 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 2 fulling m., 1 distillery, 40 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. Cassville, p-o., Monmouth co., N. J., 25 e. Trenton, 188 W. Cassville, p-v., capital of Cass co., Ga., 144 N. w. Milledgeville, 645 W. It contains a court house, an academy, 3 churches, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist, and 4 dwellings. Cassville, p-v., Grant co., Wis., 126 w. s. w. Madison, 928 W. Situated on the E. bank of the Mississippi r. It is a place of considerable trade, and contains several stores and dwellings. Castaliax Springs, p-o., Sumner co., Tenn., 34 N. e. Nashville, 675 W. Castile, p-t., Wyoming co., N. Y., 249 w. Albany, 358 W. The surface is rolling, soil gravelly loam, and well adapted either to grass or to grain. The Genesee r. flows on its eastern border. Silver lake lies in the n. part of the t. The v. has 3 stores, 1 grist m., several saw m., and 25 dwellings. There are in the t., 4 stores, cap. $2,750 ; 1 fulluig m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $24,800. 17 sch. 604 scholars. Pop. 2,833. Castine, p-t., and seaport, Hancock co.. Me., 34 s. Bangor, 122 e. n. e. Portland, 75 e. Augus- ta, 671 W. The v. is on a peninsula, on the e. side of Penobscot bay, opposite to Belfast. Settled by the French in 1667, by the English in 1760. it has a spacious and excellent harbor, accessible at all seasons of the year, and capa- ble of receiving ships of the largest class. It is a neat and pleasant village. It might easily be fortified, so as to moke it a place of immense strength ; but the British had possession of it in the revolutionary, and late war. Its back country is not extensive ; but it has considerable trade in lumber, and employs considerable ship- ping in the coasting trade and the fisheries. There are in the t., 27 stores, cap. $97,400, $10,200 invested in the fisheries; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $14,050. 7 sch. 406 scholars. Pop. 1,188. Castle C'raig, p-o., Campbell co., Va., 136 w. by s. Richmond, 214 W. Castle Fin, p-o., York co.. Pa., 55 s. Harris- burg, 85 W. Castle.man's, r.. Pa., the e. branch of Youghi- ogeny r. It is a rapid stream, with many falls. 'I he Baltimore and Ohio railroad will pass along its banks. Castleton, p-t., Rutland co., Vt., 10 w. Rutland, 14 e. Whitehall, 74 s. s. w. Montpelier, 450 VV. The surface consists of hills and val- leys ; soil generally good, and particidarly on the streams. Watered by Castleton r. In the w. part is Lake Bombazine, mostly in this t., 8 ms. long, and 2i broad, at the greatest breadth, containing a beautiful island of 10 acres. The outlet furnishes good mill seats. The v. is pleasantly situated on Castleton r. Its public buildings are 2 churches, 1 Congregational, and 1 Methodist, the Rutland co. grammar school, CAT 109 CAT and 2 buildings of the Vermont academy of me- dicine. The latter was founded in 1818, and in 1819 was connected with Middlebury college, through which its degrees are conferred, either at Middlebury or at fastleton. It has 5 profes- sors, 57 students, and 514 graduates. The lec- tures commence on the 2d Thursday in March. The t. has 1 furnace, 6 stores, 1 grist m., 7 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 acad. 190 students, 10 sch. 5J6 scliolars. Pop. 1,769. Castleton, p-v., Schodack t., Rensselaer CO., N. Y., 8 s. by e. Albany, 362 W. Situated on the E. bank of Hudson r. Incorporated in 1827. It has a Methodist church, 5 stores, 3 store houses, 6 brick yards, 50 dwellings, and about 350 inhabitants. It has 5 sloops employed on the r. Castleton, t., Richmond co., N. Y., 155 s. Albany. It is situated on the n. end of Staten Island. It contains the villages of Tompkinsville and New Brighton. The surface of the t. is hilly and broken, but the soil is generally fertile, and well cultivated. It has 25 stores, cap. $30,800 : 1 lumber yard, cap. $10,000 : 1 tannery, 5 (louring m., 2 grist m. Cap. in mannfac. $238,405. 11 sch. 520 scholars. Pop. 2,263. Castor, t., Madison co., Mo. It has 2 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 624. Caswell, county, N. C. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 400 sq. ms. Drain- ed by Dan r. and its branches. The soil is pro- ductive, and the climate healthy. Capital, \ an- ceyville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,836, sheep 10,075, swine 26,787 ; wheat 78,682 bush, produced, rye 2,890, Ind. corn 509,480, oats 121,885, potatoes 15,528, tobacco 3,665,842 pounds, cotton 82,649 ; 22 stores, cap. $206,500 ; 1 cotton fac. 1,008 sp., 6 tanneries, 14 distilleries, 6 flour- ing m., 21 grist m., 16 saw m., 4 oil m., 1 print- ing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manu- fac. $134,630. 4 acad. 109 students, 16 sch. 307 scholars. Pop. 1830, 15,188 ; 1840, whites 7,343, slaves 7,024, free col'd 326 ; total, 14,693. Catawba, p-o., Chester dist., S. C, 62 n. Co- lumbia, 456 W. Catahoola, parish. La. Situated toward the N. E. part of the state, and contains 2,100 sq. ms. It has Tensas r. on its e. border, and Wa- cliita r., and Macon and Boeuff Bayous, pass tlirough it. The e. part is liable to be overflow- ed ; but in the w. part, it rises into moderate hills. In this part, the water is good, but the land is sterile, covered mostly with pine timber. On the streams, where it is not overflowed, the soil is fertile. Capital, Harrisonburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 13,138, sheep 861, swine 19,931 ; Ind. corn 120,986 bush, produced, pota- toes 13,057, cotton 2,499,400 pounds ; 5 stores, cap. $31,600; 51 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $28,250. 1 acad. 50 students, 5 sch. 103 scholars. Pop. 1830, 2,581 ; 1840, whites 2,935, slaves 1,998, free col'd 22 ; total, 4,955. (-'atahoola, river. La., rises in Claiborne par., and enters a lake on Ihe s. part of Catahoola parish ; and after passing through it, emerges a river, which enters Wachita r. This lake, which is of considerable dimensions, is filled at high water, and drained nearly or quite dry, when the r. is low. Catawba, r. (See Santee r.) Catawba, p-o., Clark co., O., 34 w. Columbus, 427 W. Catawba Creek, p-o., Lincoln co., N. C, 188 w. by s. Raleigh, 427 W. Catawba Springs, p-v., Lincoln co., N. C, 153 w. by s. Raleigh, 395 W. Catawba View, p-o., Caldwell co., N. C, 173 w. by s. Raleigh, 410 W. Situated on the s. side of Catawba r. Catawissa, p-t., Columbia co.. Pa., 81 n. n. e. Harrisburg, 191 W. The v. is situated on the Susquehanna r., at the mouth of the Catawissa cr. The Little Schuylkill and Catawissa rail- road passes through it. It has 2 furnaces and 2 forges, 3 stores, cap. $25,000 ; 2 tanneries, 1 pa- per fac, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 4 .saw m. Cap. in manufac. $24,425. 1 acad. 50 students, 7 sch. 228 scholars. Pop. 2,064. Catawissa Forge, p-v., Catawissa t., Colum- bia CO., Pa., 87 N. N. E. Harrisburg, 197 W. Catawissa Vallev, p-o., Schuylkill co.. Pa., 87 Harrisburg, 197 W. Catfish, p o., Marion dist., S. C, 138 E. Co- lumbia, 431 W. Catharines, p-t., Chemung co., N. Y., 16 N. Elmira, 182 w. by s. Albany, 295 W. The sur- face is hilly ; soil, clay, loam, and gravelly. Drained by Catharines cr., which flows into Seneca lake. Cayuta cr., in the N. part of the t., flows into the Susquehanna r. In the v. there are 2 churches — 1 Episcopal and 1 Methodist — 2 stores, 1 tannery, and .ibout 20 dwellings. Pop. of the t. 2,424. It has 1 furnace ; 20 stores, cap. $62,550; 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $65,770. 12 sch. 680 scholars. I'AThey's Creek, p-o.. Buncombe co., N. C, 294 w. Raleigh, 524 V^. (^atlettsburg, p-v., Greenup co., Ky., 150 e. N. e. Frankfort, 410 W. It is on the Ohio r., be- low the mouth of Big Sandy r., in the extreme N. e. part of the state. It contains only 2 or 3 houses. Catlin, t., Chemung co., N. Y., 10 n. Elmira, 190 w. s. w. Albany. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly loam. Drained by Catharine's cr. on the N., and by tributaries of Chemung r. s. It has 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,750. 3 sch. 92 scholars. Pop. 1,119. Cato, p-t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 13 n. Auburn, 163 w. by N. Albany, 349 W. The surface is undulating, and the soil, a fertile sandy loam. It has several swamps and small lakes. Seneca r., wliich flows through its s. part, enters and passes through Cross lake in its s. e. part. The v. has 1 church, 2 stores, and about 25 dwellings. Pop. ol' the t. 2,380. It has 1 furnace, 3 stores, cap. $15,700; 1 tannery, 4 saw in. Cap. in manufac. .$4,180. 1 acad. 17 students, 13 sch. 872 scholars. Cato, p-o., Clay co., 111., 126 Springfield, 752 W. Cato Four Corners, p-o., Cato t., Cayuga CO., N. v., 165 w. by n. Albany, 351 W. Catonsville, p-v., Baltimore co., Md., 36 N. Annapolis, 46 W. Caton, t., Steuben co., N. Y., 25 s. e. Bath, 216 w. s. w. Albany. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly loam. Watered by tributaries of Che- mung r., which afford water power. It has 2 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,440. 5 sch. 237 scholars. Pop. 797. Catron, p-o., Lawrence co., Tenn., 73 s. s. w. Nashville, 750 W. Catskill, p-t., capital of Greene co., N. Y., 34 s. Albany, 336 W. The surface is hilly and mountainous on the w., but level toward the Hudson r., which washes its e. border. The soil is clay, sand, and loam, underlaid with slate, limestone, and graywacke. Drained by Cats- kill cr. and its tributaries. The v. is pleasantly situated on both sides of Catskill cr., near its junction with the Hudson river. Incorporated in 1806. It has a court house, a jail, 5 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Dutch Reformed, 1 Epi.scopal, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist — 2 banking houses, 20 stores. CAU 110 CAY 20 groceries, '2 bookstores, various mechanic establishments, 2 furnaces, 1 brewery, 4(10 dwel- lings, and 2,800 inhabitants. Pop. of the t. 5,33'J. There are owned here 1 steamboat, 4 barges, and several sloops, employed between this place and New York city. A ferry here crosses the Hud- son. The Catskill and Canajoharie railroad com- mences liere, and is finished and in operation 26 miles of the distance. The t. has 31 stores, cap. §130,200; 1 lumber yard, cap. .^ 1 0,000 ; 2 com. houses, cap. $73,780 ; 3 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 furnaces, 2 tanneries, 1 powder m., 2 printing offices, 1 bindery, 2 weekly newspapers, 1 tlour- ing m., 4 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manuiiic. $162,700. 19 sch. 541 scholars. Pine Orchard, a favorite summer resort, is situated on the brow of the Catskill mountains, in the s. e. part of the town, where is a large and commodious hotel, called the " Mountain House," elevated 2,212 feet above the Hudson r., and commanding a very extensive and beautiful view of the Hudson r., and the country to the e., ex- tending to the Green mountain range, in Massa- chusetts and Vermont. Nowhere can more wild and romantic scenery be found than at this spot. A little to the vv. of the hotel are 2 ponds, the outlets of which unite, and proceed by falls and rapids, in a deep ravine, to the plain below. The first fall is 180 feet perpendicular, and within a short distance is a second fall of about 80 feet. By a circuitous path the traveller can pass down and go under the rock, and behind the water of the first fall, which presents a singular and in- teresting view. The spectator in this mountain eyrie often sees thunder storms discharging them- selves on the valley beneath him, while he en- joys a clear sky. A road is constructed from the steamboat landing on the Hudson, on w'hich stages constantly run for the transportation of travellers, to and from the Mountain House, which is 12 ms. distant from Catskill village. Catskill 3Iou.ntains, N. Y., rise in Ulster CO., and extending through Green and Schoharie counties, bend, in crescent form, toward the 3Io- hawk r. Round Top, the highest peak, measur- ed by the barometer, is 3,804 feet above tide water, and a second peak is 3,718 feet. On the K. front the mountain is precipitous ; but on the w. side, the descent is comparatively gentle. In these mountains the bear, the wolf, the wildcat, and the deer, are still to be found. Cattaraugus, county, N. Y., situated in the W. part of the state, contains 1,232 sq. ms. The surface is elevated. Cattaraugus cr. and its tribu- taries flow N. into Lake Erie, wliile the Allegha- ny r. with its tributaries, in the s. part, flows to- ward the Gulf of Mexico. The soil is fertile, and adapted to grazing. Cattle and lumber are ex- tensively exported. Peat, marl, bog iron ore, manganese and sulphur, and saline springs are found. The Genesee Valley canal extends from Rochester to Olean, in this county, and the New York and Erie railroad is designed to pass through it. Capital, EUicottville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 35,566, sheep 66,525, swine 22,533 ; wheat 127,665 bush, produced, rye 1,112, Ind. corn 81,202, buckwheat 8,377, barley 10,134, oats 254,339, potatoes 452,353, hops 1,050 pounds, sugar 553,235 ; 59 stores, cap. $214,900 ; 6 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 24 tanneries, 1 pottery, 1 distil- lery, 26 grist m.,135 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $495,425. 3 acad. 140 students, 189 sch. 7,722 scholars. Pop. 1830, 16,726 ; 1840, 28,872. Caughnawaga, v., Mohawk t., Montgomery CO., N. Y. Situated on the n. side of Mohawk r., connected with Fulton v., opposite, by a toll- 1 bridge. It contains 1 Dutch Reformed church, erected in 1766, 2 stores, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Cauleysville, p-v., Covington co., Ala., 199 s. s. E. Tuscaloosa, 895 W. Cavehill, p-o., Greene co., Tenn., 271 e. Nashville, 450 W. Cave.ndlsh, p-t., Windsor co., Vt., 74 s. Mont- pelier, 466 W. Watered by Black r. and Twen- ty x^Iile stream. At the falls on Black r. the channel of the r. has been worn down 100 feet deep, and rocks of very large dimensions have been undermined and thrown downi one upon another. First settled in 1769. It has 5 stores, cap. $25,000 ; 13 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 4 tan- neries, 2 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $91,250. 17 sch. 426 scholars. Pop. 1,427. Cave Spuing, p-o., Floyd co., Ga., 178 n. w. Miiledgeville, 689 W. Cave Spring, p-o., Maury co., Tenn., 54 s. s. w. Nashville, 730 W. Cave Spring, p-o., Pulaski co., Mo., 115 s Jefferson city, 1,030 W. Cavetown, p-v., Washington co., Md., 107 n. w. Annapolis, 77 W. Cavuga, county, N. Y. Situated centraUy in the .N. part of the state, and contains 648 sq. ms. It extends n. to Lake Ontario. It has a produc- tive soil, and is well watered. It has salt springs, which were formerly worked, and are second in the state only to those of Onondaga. Gypsum is also found, and several sulphur sprmgs. Owasco lake lies in the centre of the co., and Cayuga lake on its w. border, and Skeneateles lake on its E. border. Seneca r. flows through it. The Erie canal and the Western railroad pass tlu-ough it. Capital, Auburn. There were in 1840, neat cattle 45,516, sheep 188,152, swine 63,153; wheat 578,436 bush, produced, rye 3,321, Ind. com. 5r>S,()ll, buckwheat 40,669, barley 81,440, oats 527,03S, potatoes 687,305, hops 2,6 1 5 pounds, sugar 206,545 ; 3,250 bush, salt produced ; 3 commis- sion houses iit for. trade., cap. $7,000 ; 165 stores, cap. $784,547; 7 lumber yards, cap. $16,800; 7 furnaces, 22 fulling m., 8 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 6,184 sp., 1 dyeing and print establishment, 29 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 1 brewery, 1 rope fac, 9 flouring m., 42 grist m., 112 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 1 bindery, 1 daily, 3 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufactures $1,304,375. 1 college, 48 students, 8 acad. 601 students, 311 sch. 16,243 scholars. Pop. 1830, 47,948; 1840,50,338. Cayuga Lake, N. Y., lies between Seneca and Tompkins counties, is 40 ms. long, and from 1 to 3i broad. It is very deep, and has fine fish. A steamboat passes through it from ('ayuga bridge to Ithaca, calling at the intermediate places. Its shores are highly cultivated. Its outlet flows into Seneca r. Cayuga, p-v., Aurelius t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 162 w. by N. Albany, 339 W. It is situated on the N. E. part of Cayuga lake, and contains 3 stores, 1 church, 50 dwellings, and about 300 in- habitants. Here is a bridge across Cayuga lake over a mile in length, and a railroad bridge, still longer. A steamboat runs from this place to Ithaca, at the head of the lake, 40 miles. Cayuga, p-o., Jackson CO., Mich., 100 w. De- troit, 570 W Cayuga, p-o.. Hinds co., Miss., 37 s. w. Jack- son, 1,047 W. Cavuta, p-t., Chemung co., N. Y., 12 n. e. Elmira, 188 w. s. w. Albany, 289 W. The sur- face is hilly and broken, and the natural growth hemlock aiul pine. Dramed by Cayuta cr. and its tributaries. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 1 CED 111 CEN tannery, 3 grist m., 7 saw. Capital in man- ufactures, $11,580. 6 sch. 225 scholars. Pop. 835. Cazenovia, p-t., Madison CO., N. Y., 113 w. by N. Albany, 348 W. The surface is elevated and undulating; and the soil, a fertile gravelly loam. Watered by Cazenovia lake and Chitteiiango cr., which flows N. into Oneida lake. It has 16 stores, cap. ,$62,370; 5 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 6 tan- neries, 2 distilleries, 1 paper fac, 4 printing offi- ces, 1 bindery, 1 weekly newspaper, 2 periodicals, 6 grist m., 16 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $236,905. 1 acad. 399 students, 32 sch. 1,117 scholars. Pop. 4,153. Cazenovia, p-o.. Cook co., 111., 215 n. e. by n. Springfield, 728 W. Cearcv, t., Phillips co.. Ark. Pop. 359. Cecil, county, Md., situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 264 sq . ms. The sur- face is imdulating, and the soil moderately good. It is favorably situated for commerce, being ac- cessible by the Chesapeake bay, which bounds it on the w. The Susquehanna r. runs on its vv. border, and Elk r. penetrates its central part. The Chesapeake ana Delaware canal passes through it. Capital, Elkton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,779, sheep 8,936, swine 13,854; wheat 107,233 bush, produced, rye 1,802, Ind. com 276,621, buckwheat 6,480, oats 254,891, po- tatoes 40,734, hops 583 pounds ; 71 stores, cap. S141,675 ; 5 lumber yards, cap. .$17,000 ; 5 forges, 3 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 124 sp., 5 tanneries, 1 pottery, 1 flouring m., 27 grist m., 35 saw m., 5 paper fac, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac $109,838. 3 acad. 107 students, 29 sch. 1,050 scholars. Pop. 1830, 15,432 ; 1840, whites 13,329, slaves 1,352, free col'd 2,.551 ; total. 17,232. Ceciltown, p-v., Cecil co., Md., 78 n. e. An- napolis, 112 W. Cecil, t., Washington co.. Pa., 10 ^. e. Wash- ington, Pa. The surface is various ; soil, loam. Coal is abundant. Miller's branch of Chartiers cr. passes through it. It contains a Presbyterian church. It has 3 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 3 flouring m., 3 grist m., 4 saw ra. Cap. in manufactures, $8,00t) ; 3 sch. 105 scholars. Pop. 1,027. Cecil's Tavern, p-o., Anne Arundel co., Md., 30 N. w. Annapolis, 33 W. Cedar, county, Iowa, situated in the central part of the Ter. Watered by Cedar cr. and its branches, Rock run. Rock cr., and Sugar cr. Wabesipinica r. passes through its n. e. corner. Capital, Tipton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,274, sheep 328, swine 345 ; wheat 14,464 bush, produced, Ind. com 49,317, oats 12,120, potatoes 8,731, sugar 13,529 pounds ; 3 stores, cap. $1,500 ; 2 flouring m., 5 grist m., 4 saw m. Pop. 1,253. Cedau, t, Boone co.. Mo. Pop. 3,313. Cedar, t., Callaway co., Mo. It has 2 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 1,896. Cedar, p-o., livingston co., Mich., 59 w. by n. Detroit, 562 W. Cedar Bluff, p-v., capital of Cherokee co., Ala., 152 N. e. Tuscaloosa, 677 W. Cedar Branch, p-o., Campbell co., Ga. Cedar Creek, t.. Cooper co., Mo. It has 2 sch. 42 scholars. Pop. 664. Cedar Creek, p-o., Monmouth co., N. J., 46 s. E. Trenton, 207 W. Cedar Creek, p-v. and himdred, Sussex co., Del. It has 5 stores, cap. $6,500; 10 grist m., 6 saw m., 2 sch. 27 scholars. Pop. 2,420. Cedar Creek, p-o., Frederick co., Va., 158 n. N. w. Richmond, 86 W. Cedar Creek, p-o., Richland dist., S. C, 14 e. Columbia, 514 W. Cedar Creek, p-o., Dooly co., Ga., 103 s. s. w. MilledgevUle, 760 W. Cedar Creek, p-o., Owen co., Ky., 17 n. Frankfort, 559 W. Cedar Creek, t., Allen co., la. It has 1 sch., 35 scholars. Pop. 189. Cedar Creek, p-o., Greene co., Tenn,, 253 E. Nashville, 451 W. Cedar Creek, p o., Warren co., Bl., 127 n. w. Springfield, 857 W. Cedar Creek, p o., Lowndes co.. Miss., 143 N. E. Jackson, 897 W. Cedar Creek Mills, p-o., Stephenson co., 111., 206 N. Springfield, 838 W. Cedar Grove, p-o., Orange co., N. C, 48 N. w. Raleigh, 284 W. Cedar Grove, p-o.. Union dist., S. C, 76 n. w. Columbia, 470 W. Cedar Grove, p-o., Wilson co., Tenn., 25 e. Nashville, 659 W. Cedar Grove, p-o., Jefferson co., Ala., 95 n. E. Tuscaloosa, 749 W. Cedar Grove, p-o., Franklin co., la., 76 e. s. E. Indianapolis, 521 W. Cedar Grove Mills, p-o., Rockbridge co., Va., 153 vv. Richmond, 195 W. It contains 2 stores, and 1 flouring m. Cedar Hill, p-o., Bethlehem t, Albany co., N. Y., 8 s. by w. Albany, 363 W. Cedar Hill, p-o., Anson co., N. C, 155 s. w. Raleigh, 400 W. Cedar Lake, p-o., Calhoun co., Mich., 110 w. Detroit, 575 W. Cedar Lake, p-o.. Lake co., la. Cedar Lawn, p-o., Lunenburg co., Va., 104 s. w. Richmond, 220 W. Cedar Plains, p-o., Morgan co., Ala., 124 N. N. E. Tuscaloosa, 747 W. Cedar River, p-o.. Cedar co., Iowa. Cedar Shoals, p-o., Chester dist., S. C, 57 N. Columbia, 450 W. Cedar Spring, p-o., Cumberland co.. Pa. Cedar Springs, p-o., Spartanburg dist., S. C, 96 N. w. Columbia, 477 W. Cedar Swamp, p-v.. Oyster Bay t.. Queens CO., N. Y., 173 s. by e. Albany, 253 W. Cedartown, p-v., capital of Paulding co., Ga., 151 N. w. MilledgevUle, 691 W. Situated on the N. side of Tallapoosa r. It contains the usual county buildings. Cedar Valley, p-o., Wayne co., O. Cedarville, p-v., Litchfield t., Herkimer co., N. Y., 79 w. by n. Albany, 3S3 W. It has 2 churches, 2 stores, 1 tannery, and a number of dwellings. Cedarville, p-v.. Fan-field t., Cumberland CO., N. J., 75 s. by w. Trenton, 186 W. It is pleasantly situated on Cedar cr., 4 ms. from its mouth. It has 1 store, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., an extensive button fac, and 60 dwellings. It has some trade in wood and lumber. Cedarville, p-o., Wasliington co., Va., 297 w. by s. Richmond, 365 W. Celina, p-v., capital of Mercer co., O., 127 w. N. w. Columbus, 5o7 W. Situated on the n. of the Grand Reservoir of the Miami canal, wliich will be 10 ms. long and 5 broad, when completed. It has a court house, 1 Presbyterian church, 3 stores, 75 dwellings, and about 500 inhabitants. Celina, p-o., Jackson co.. Term., 91 e. Nash- ville, 630 W. Centennary College, p-o., Rankin county. Miss. ' Central, t., St. Louis co.. Mo. It has 5 sch. 135 scholars. Pop. 1,924. Central, p-o., Columbia co., Pa., 118 n. byE Harrisburg, 228 W. CEN 112 CEN Central Bridge, p-o., Schoharie t., Schoharie CO., N. Y., 32 w. Albany, 398 W. Central SauARE, p-c, Hastings t., Oswego CO., N. v., 144 w. N. w. Albany, 365 W. Central Plains, p-o., Fluvanna eo., Va. Central Point, p-o., Caroline co., Va. Central Village, p-v., Windham co., Ct., 43 E. Hartford, 374 W. Situated on the Norwich and Worcester railroad. Centre, p-t., Perry co., Pa., 36 n. w. Harrisburg, 124 W. It has 5 stores, cap. $20,300 ; 2 furnaces, 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $22,725. 2 sch. 80 scholars. Pop. 982. Centre, county, Pa., situated in the central partoftlie state, and contains 1,560 sq. ms. It has a branch of the Susquehanna river on the w. and is drained by Bald Eagle and Penn's creeks. The siu'face is rocky and mountainous, and the soil is indifferent, excepting on the streams, where it is good. It produces grain, cattle, lumber, and iron. Capital, Bellefonte. There were in 1840, neat cattle 15,494, sheep 17,485, swine 29,961 ; wheat 313,511 bush, produced, rye 141,045, Ind. corn 204,122, buckwheat 8,946, barley 10,189, oats 228,601, potatoes 107,547 ; 87,000 bush, bitumin- ous coal produced; 48 stores, cap. $153,950; 7 furnaces, 9 forges, 3 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 20 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 brewery, 2 potteries, 35 grist m., 61 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 printing ofRce.s, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $173,000. 2 acad. 53 students, 79 sch. 2,770 scholars. Pop. 1830, 18,879 ; 1840, 20,492. Centre, t.. Green co., Pa. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam. Drained by Ten Mile cr. and its branches. It contains the v. of Clinton. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 1 fulling m., 4 distille- ries, 3 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in man- ufac. $11,815. 9 sch. 197 scholars. Pop. 1,503. Ce.ntre t., Indiana co., Pa. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam and clay. Drained by Yellow and Twolick creeks, which flow into Blacklick r. It has 2 stores, cap. $900 ; 1 woollen fac, 2 tan- neries, 4 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8, 1.50. 1 acad. 33 students, 4 sch. 148 scholars. Pop. 1,615. Ce.ntre, t., Union co., Pa. The surface is di- versified ; soil, partly calcareous loam. Drained by Penn's, and Little Mahonialy, or Middle crs. It contains the villages of Middieburg and Cen- treville. It has 5 stores, cap. 20,000 ; 3 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 1 pottery, 3 grist in., 6 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $3,600. Pop. 1,891. Centre, p-o., Barren co., Ky., 106 s. w. Frank- fort, 629 W. Centre, p-o., Guilford co., N. C, 88 w. N. w. Raleigh, 313 VV. Centre, p-o., Talbot co., Ga., 87 w. s. w. Mil- ledgeville, 731 W. Centre, p-o., Delaware co., O., 32 n. Colum- bus, 402 W. Centre, t.. Wood co., O. It has 2 sch. 49 scho- lars. Pop. 98. Centre, t., Morgan co., O. It has 3 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,625. 7 sch. 209 scholars. Pop. 1,171. Centre, i., Williams co., O. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,300 ; 1 sch. 21 scholars. Pop. 339. Centre, p-t., Grant co., la., 67 n. n. e. Indian- apolis, 568 W. Centre, I., Monroe co., O. It has 3 sch. 71 Bcholars. Pop. 1,740. Centre, t., Mercer co., O. Pop. 159. Centre, t., Guernsey co., O., situated a little E. of Cambridge, on the national road. It has 4 sch. 104 scholars. Pop. 1,159. Centre, t., Carroll eo., O. It contains Carroll- ton v., the capital of the co. It has 3 sch. 66 scho- lars. Pop. 441. Centre, t., Crawford co., O. It has 1 sch. 13 scholars. Pop. 132. Centre, t., Columbiana co., O. It contains the V. of New Lisbon, the capital of the co. The Little Beaver r. runs through the t., and also the Sandy and Beaver canal. Pop. 3,197. Centre, t., Hancock co., la. It has 8 stores, cap. $41,725; 1 tannery, 1 distillerj-, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,900. 2 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 722. Centre, t., Wayne co., la. It has 1 acad. 75 students, 10 sch. 318 scholars. Pop. 3,058. ("entre, t., Marion co., la. (See Indianapolis.) Centre Almond, p-o., Almond t., Alleghany CO., N. Y., 250 w. by s. Albany, 325 W. Centre Barnstead, p-o., Bamstcad t., Bcl- luiap CO., N. II., 21 n. e. Concord, 502 W. Centre Belphri, p-o., Washington co., O., 110 e.s. E.Columbus, 311 W. Centre Berlin, p-o., Berlin t., Rensselaer co., N. Y., 28 E. Albany, 385 W. Centreburg, p-v.. Liberty t., Knox co., O., 36 N. E. Columbus, 391 W. Situated on the s. side of the N. Fork of Licking r. It contains 1 store and 12 dwellings. Centre Cambridge, p-o., Cambridge t., Wash- ington CO., N. Y., 39 N. N. E. Albany, 409 W. Centre Conway, p-o., Conway t., Carroll co^ N. H., 72 N. N. w. Concord, 556 W Centre Farmingto.n, p-o., Farmington town, Trumbull co., O., 169 n. e. Columbus, 317 W. Centrefield, p-v., Canandaigua t., Ontario CO., N. Y., 199 w. by n. Albany, .345 W. It con- tains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Episcopal church, 1 store, and 20 dwellings. Centre Gorham, p-o., Gorham t., Ontario co., N. Y., 201 w. by n. Albany, 335 W. Centre Groton, Groton t.. New London co., Ct., 48 s. E. Hartford, 358 W. Centre Grove, p-o., Leake co., Miss^ 58 n. E. Jackson, 973 W. Centre Harbor, p-t., Belknap co., N. H., 41 N. Concord, 522 W. It has Winnipiseogee lake on the s. e. border, and Squam lake on the n. w. liie svyface is varied, and the soil generally a fertile loam. First settled in 17G5. It has 1 store, cap. $1,500 ; 2 saw m. Cap. in manufoc. $142p75. 6 sch. 211 scholars. Pop. 579. Centre Hill, p-v., Bucks coimty, Pa., Ill e. Harrisburg, 173 W. Centre Independence, p-o., Independence t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 270 w. by s. Albany, 306 W. Centre Lebano.n, p-o., Lebanon t., York co., Me., 91 s. w. Augusta, 513 W. Centre Lincolnville, p-o., Lincolnville t^ Waldo CO., Me., 44 e. s. e. Augusta, 633 W. (.jEntre Line, p-o.. Centre co.. Pa., 105 n. w. Harrisburg, 174 W. Centre MiNOT, p-o., Minot t^ Cumberland co.. Me., 41 s. w. Augusta, 582 W. Centre Montville, p-o., fliontville t., Wal- do CO., Me., 32 E. by N. Augusta, 628 W. Centre Moreland, p-v., Luzerne co., Pa^ 136 N. N. E. Harrisburg, 245 W. Centre Ossipee, p-o., Ossipee t., Carroll co., N. H., 57 N. by e. Con.^ord, 538 W. Centre Point, p-o., Monroe co., Ky., 143 a. s. w. Frankfort, 656 W. Centre Port, p-v.. Huntington t., Suffolk co., N. Y., 192 s. s. E. Albany, 272 W. Situated on Great t"o\v llar!)or, and contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 mill, and 15 or 20 dwellings. Centreport, p-o., Wayne co., Mch., 16 s. w. Detroit, 540 W. Centre Sandwich, p-o., Sandvrich t., Carroll CO., j\. H., 51 N. Concord, 532 W. Centre Sherman, p-o., Sherman t., Chau- tauque CO., N. Y., 358 w. by s. Albany, 342 W. CEN 113 CHA Centre Sidney, p-o., Sidney t., Kemiebec co., Me., 12 N. Augusta, 607 W. Centre Strafford, p-o., Strafford t., and co., N. H., 29 N. E. Concord, 510 W. Centretown, p-o., Mercer co., Pa., 225 w. n. w. Harrisburg, 'til W. Centre Village, p-v., Camden co., Ga. Ce.ntreville, p-v., Barnstable t., Barnstable CO., Ms., 78 s. E. Boston, 476 W. It contains a Congregational church and several dwellings. Centreville, p-v., Warwick t., Kent co., R. I., 11 s. s. w. Providence, 397 W. Situated on the E. side of Pawtuxet r. It contains a Method- ist church, 1 bank, 2 stores, 3 cotton fac. 6,000 sp.. 1 woollen lac . 350 inhabitants. Centreville, p-t., Allegliany co., N. Y., 265 w. by s. Albany, 342 W. The surface is undu- lating ; soil, argillaceous mould, adapted equally to grass and to grain. At the post-office is a small V. There are in the t., 1 store, cap. $2,500 ; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manulac. $6,250. 7 sch. 236 scholars. Pop. 1,513. Centreville, p-o., Hunterdon co., N. J., 32 N. Trenton, 192 W. Centreville, v.. Slippery Rock t., Butler co.. Pa., contains 5 stores, and 50 or 60 builduigs, chiefly of brick. Centreville, p-v., Crawford co.. Pa., 237 n. w. Harrisburg, 318 W. Centreville, p-v., Washington t., Montgom- ery CO., O., 9 s. by E. Dayton, 75 w.s. w. Colum- bus, 468 W. It contains 3 churches, 3 stores, about 60 dwellings, and about 450 inhabitants. It is beautifully situated on elevated gi-ound, sur- rounded by a well cultivated country. The bnild- ings are chiefly constructed of stone, quarried on the spot. Centreville, p-v., capital of St. Joseph co., Mich., 13J w. s. w. Detroit, 537 W. It is pleas- antly situated on Prairie r. It has a court house, jail, 3 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., and a print- ing office. It is the seat of one of the branches of the University of Michigan. Ce.ntreville, p-v., New Castle co., Del., 54 N. Dover, 127 W. Centreville, v., Mt. Pleasant t., Wayne co.. Pa. Centreville, p-v., capital of Queen Anne CO., Md., 39 E. by n. Annapolis, 79 W. It con- tains a court house, a jail, a Methodist church, an academy, and about 60 buildings. Centreville, p-v., Fairfax co., Va., 114 n. Richmond, 28 W. It occupies an elevated and healtliy position, with fine views of the surround- ing country, and contains a Methodist church, 3 stores, 2 tanneries, several mechanics, 40 dwel- lings, and 240 inhabitants. Centreville, ])-v., Laurens dist., S. C, 91 n. w. Columbia, 499 W. Centreville, p-v., Wilkes co., Ga., 77 n. n. E. Miliedgeville, 582 W. Centreville, p-v., capital of Bibb co., Ala., 39 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 806 W. Situated on the e. side of Cahawba r., at the lower falls. It con- tains a court liouse, and several stores and dwel- lings. Centreville, p-v., Amitie co.,Mis8., 117 s. s. w. Jackson, 1,117 W. Situated at the head of Dawsons cr., a branch of Amitie r. Centreville, p-v., St. Mary's par.. La., 139 w. by s. New Orleans, 1,111 W. Situated on the 8. side of Bayou Teclie. Centreville, p-v., Bourbon co., Ky., 28 e. Frankfort, 515 W. Centreville, p-v., capital of Hickman co., Tenn., 54 s. w. Nashville, 378 W. Situated on Uie s. side of Duck cr., a branch of Tennessee r. 15 It contains a court house, a jail, a church, and sev* eral dwellings. Centreville, p-v., capital of Wayne co., la., 63 e. Indianapolis, 509 W. Situated on the E. side of White-water r. It contains a court house and several stores and dwellings. Centreville, p-o., Wabash co.. 111., 159 s. e. Springfield, 731 W. Centre White Creek, p-v.. White Creek t., Washington co., N. Y., 39 n. e. Albany, 409 W. It contains 1 Baptist cliurch, 1 store, and 25 or 30 dwellings, not very compact. Ceres, t., McKean co.. Pa., 16 n. w.. Smith- port. The surface is rolling ; soil, gravel and loam. Drained by Tunangwant, W'illow, Su- gar, and Kenjua crs. It has 2 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,650. 4 sch. 1 12 scholars. Pop. 625. Cerestown, p-v., Keating t., McKean co.. Pa., 193 N. w. Harrisburg, 303 W. Situated on a branch of the Alleghany r. It contains a mil], and 6 or 8 dwellings. Cerulean Spri.ngs, p-v., Trigg co., Ky., 223 s. w. by w. Frankfort, 11 n. Cadiz, the capital of the CO., 747 W. Situated on the Muddy Fork of Little r. About 100 persons resort here every season, for health or pleasure. Cessna, t., Hardin co., O , pop. 258. Chagrin Falls, p-v., Orange t., Cuyahoga co., O., 153 N. e. Columbus, 311 W. It contains 2 churches, 1 paper ni., and 2 woollen fac. Pop. 200. Chalk Level, p-o., Pittsylvania co., Va., 150 s. w. Richmond, 233 W. Chalk Level, p-o., Cumberland co., N. C, 44 s. Raleigh, 333 W. Chalk Level, p-v., Humphreys co., Tenn., 70 w. Nashville. Chalmers, p o., Niagara t., Niagara co., 'N. Y., 291 w. by N. Albany, 410 W. Chamberland, p-v., McNairy co., Tenn., 146 s. w. by w. Nashville, 823 W. Chambers, county, Ala., situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 700 sq. ms. The Chat- tahoochee r. washes its e. border. Surface, un- dulating; soil, fertile. Capital, La Fayette. There were in 1840, neat cattle 16,931, sheep 5,588, swine 32,263; wheat 42,651 bash, produced, Ind. corn 419,135, oats 14,124, potatoes 17,192, rice .3,600 pounds, tobacco 3,100, cotton 513,037, silk cocoons 200 ; 28 stores, cap. $13-*,100 ; 10 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. ui manufac. $50,700. 8 acad. 427 stu- dents, 21 sch. 680 scholars. Pop. whites 10,183, slaves 7,141, free col'd 4 ; total, 17,333. CiiAMBERSBURG, p-b.. Capital of Franklin co.. Pa., 45 s. w. Harrisburg, 90 W. It is finely sit- uated in the valley of Conecocheague creek, a branch of the Potomac r. Founded in 1764. It has a court house of brick, which cost $50,000 ; the county offices, a fine banking house, 8 church- es — 1 Presbyterian, 2 German Relbrmed, 1 Lu- theran, 1 Methodist, 1 United Brethren, 1 Roman Catholic, and 1 African Methodist. It has 33 stores, cap. $135,400; 1 tannery, 1 pottery, 1 pa- per fac, 1 cotton fac, 1 woollen fac, 1 oil m., 1 edge tool fac, 2 flouring m., in one of which straw paper is also manufactured, 4 printing offices, one of which belongs to the German Reformed church of the state, 4 weekly and 1 semi-weekly news- papers, an insurance company, a saving fund so- ciety, and numerous mechanic and manufactur- ing establishments. Cap. in manufac. $131,450 4 acad. 130 students, 6 sch. 205 scholars. Pop. in 1840, 3,239 ; 1842, 4,030. The Conecocheague and Falling Spring crs. unite in the borough, and afford good water power. Chambersburg, p-v., Butler t, Montgomery CO., O., 75 a. w. Columbus, 463 W. CHA 114 CHA CHAMnERsnoRG, p-v., Pike co., 111., 63 w.by s. Springfield, 843 VV. Chambers, C. H., or La Fayette, p-v., capital of Chambers co., Ala., 161 e. by s. Tuscaloo^;a, 769 W. It contains the court house, and a few dwellings. Cha.mders Mills, p-o., Bucldngham co., Va., 81 w. Richmond, 155 W. Chambeusburg, v.. West t., Columbia co., O. Pop. 82. Chamblissburg, p-v., Bradford co., Va., 136 w. by s. Richmond, 231 VV. Cha.meleon Springs, p-o., Edmonson co., Ky., 135 s. w. Frankfort, 65S W. Champaign, county, O. Situated toward the w. part of the state, and contains 464 sq. ms. The surface is generally level, in ,'^ome parts roll- ing, and in some, low and wet. The soil is very productive. Watered by Mad r., and Buck, Net- tle, Chapman's, King's, and Stony creeks. The Mad River and Erie railroad is designed to run through the county. Capital, Urbanna. There were iii 1840, neat cattle 15,336, sheep 36,430, swine 13,669 ; wheat 160,624 bush, produced, rye 8,089, Ind. corn 292,502, buckwheat 786, barley 2,776, oats 206,336, potatoes 32,795, silk cocoons 50 pounds, sugar 132,292, hops 1,369 ; 23 stores, cap. $15,950; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 11 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 5 flouring m., 6 grist m., 29 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 printing office. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 30 sch. 1,211 schol- ars. Pop. 1830, 12,130; 1840,16,721. Champaign, county, 111. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 792 sq. ms. The surlfice is undulating, wilh large prairies, the soil is fertile. Drained by Embarrass, Kaskaskia, Sangamon, Illinois, and V^enniUion rivers. Capi- tal, Unbanna. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,751, sheep 1,864, swine 3,334; wheat 5,975 bush, produced, Ind. corn 96,2 J5, oats 16, 8J5, po- tatoes 3,153, tobacco 1,427 pounds ; 3 stores, cap. $10,75J ; 1 woollen fac, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,200. 2 sch. 33 scholars. Pop. 1830, 12,131; 1840, 1,475. Champion, p-t., Jett'crson co., N. Y., 12e. Wa- tertown, 152 n. vv. Albany, 428 W. The surface is hilly, and the soil fertile. Watered by Black r. and its tributaries. The village contains 1 Presbyterian church, 3 stores, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Pop. of the t., 2,206. There are in the t., 3 stores, cap. $10,000 ; 1 full- ing m,, 3 tanneries, 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $13,500. 1 acad. 30 students, 17 sch. 393 schol- ars. Pop. 2,206. Champion South Road, p-o.. Champion t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 132 n. w. Albany, 4.i0 W. Champion, t., Trumhcll co., O., about 3 miles N. ofWarren. It has 6 sch. 160 scholars. Pop. 541. Champlain, p-t., and port of entry, Clinton co., N. Y., 183 N. by e. Albany, 15 n. Plattsburg, .360 W. It has Lake Champlain on its k. border. The surfac* is level on the e., and hilly on the w. The soil is generally a fertile clay loam. It is drained by Chazy r., in which fine salmon are taken, ancf which affords water power. The v. is situated on Chazy r., 5 ms. from its inoulh, and has 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methoilist church, 7 stores, 1 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 cloth dressing and carding machine, 1 tannery, 60 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants. During high water, the r. is navigable to the village for sloops, and for the remainder of the year, to within 1 mile. There are in the t., 16 stores, cap. $1 13, 100 ; 2 furnaces, 4 tanneries, 4 grist m., 23 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $80,110. 10 sch. 286 scholars. Pop. 3,632. Champlain Lake, lies between the stales of New York and Vermont. It extends from Wltite- i hall, N. Y., to the 45° n. lat. 116 miles, and ex- tends about 4 miles further into Canada, making its whole length 120 miles. It is navigated to St. John's, Canada, 20 miles from the line. Its breadth is from half a mile to 10 miles ; but in- cluding the expanse which contains its large islands, it is 15 ms. wide. Its broadest part, un- obstructed by islands, is opposite to Burlington, Vt. Its chief islands are IS'orth Hero, South Hero, and La Motle, which, with some smaller islands, and the peninsula of Albury, constitute Grand Isle county, Vermont. This lake was dis- covered by Samuel Champlain, a French noble- man, in 16J9. It was the theatre of many im- portant military operations, in the French, Revo- lutionary, and late war. The scenery along its shores is highly picturesque, and rendered grand by the lofty mountains, at a little distance irom it, on both sides. It forms an important medium of commerce, and is navigated by steamboats, and by many sloops, generally from 80 to 100 tons burden. It receives a number of consider- able rivers, the largest of which are from Ver- mont. Its outlet is Sorelle or Richelieu r., by which it discharges its waters into the St. Law- rence. The Champlain canal, 64 miles long, con- nects it with Hudson r. on the s., and cost $1,079,872. It abounds with fish, among which are salmon, lake shad, pike, and other fish. It is generally frozen entirely over, and is passed on the ice, !n winter. The broad lake closes about the first of February, and opens early in March. The narrow parts continue frozen considerably longer. CiiANCEFORD, p-t., York CO., Pa., 47 s. s. e. Ilarri.vburg, 97 W. It has 5 stores, cap. $7,300 ; 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,115. 7 sch. 140 schol- ars. Pop. 1,439. Chancellorsville, p-o., Spottsylvania co., Va., 72 N. Richmond, 66 \V. Chandlerville, t., Somerset CO., Me., drain- ed by Sebasiicook r. It has 1 siore, cap. $7,110; 1 saw m., 7 sch. 145 scholars. Pop. 372. CiiANEYviLLii, p-o., Morgan co., O., 75 E. by s. Columbus, 331 W. Channing, t., Lenawee co., Mich. Pop. 40. Channohan, p-o.. Will CO., 111., 156 n. E. Springfield, 751 W. CiiANTii.LY, p-o., Fairfax co., Va., 127 n. Rich- mond, 27 VV. CiiANTiLLV, p-o., Lincoln co.. Mo., 88 s. E.Jef- ferson city, 869 VV. Chapel Hill, p-v.. Orange co., N. C, 28 n. w. Raleigh, 2S6 W. Situated on New Hope r., a branch of Cape Fear r. The situation is eleva- ted and healtliy. The country around is hilly, with fine water, and a very fertile soil. The v. (tontauis from 30 to 40 houses, and derives its chief importance from the University of North Carolina, of which it is the seat. This respecta- ble institution was founded in 17i9, and is hand- somely endowed. It has a president and 8 pro- fessors or other instructors, lias had 674 alumni, 70 of whom have been ministers of the gospel, has 171 students, and 9,0tK) vols, in its libraries. The commencement is on the first Thursday in June. C'hapel Hill, p-v., Marshall co., Tenn., 38 s. Nashville, 701 W. Chapel.sburg, p-o., Humphrey t., Cattaraugus CO., N. v., 305 w. by s. Albany, 320 W. I'hapinville, p-o., Litchfield co., Ct., 56 w. Hartford, 348 W. Chapinville, p-o., Hopewell t., Ontario co., N. Y., 198 w. Albany, 344 W. Chaplain, p-o., Nelson co., Ky., 37 a. w. Frankfort, 5' v, p-c 79 W CFIA 115 CHA Chvplin, p-t., Windham co., Ct., 37 e. by n. Hartford, 366 W. It was formed in 1832 from 3Iansfiekl, Hampton, and Wiadiiam. Watered by Natcliaug r., a branch of Shetucket r. It has a good soil, particularly adapted to grazing. It has 3 stores, cap. !ji7,5J0 ; 1 tannery, 1 paper fac, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in mmufactures, $43,300. 5 sch. 186 scholars. Pop. 794. Chapm.w, p-t., Union co., Pa., 42 n. by w. Harrisburg, 152 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravel and alluvion. Watered by Mahantango or., affording water power. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,d00 ; 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Pop. 1,2'J7. CHAP.MAN, t., Clinton CO., Pa. It has 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in minulac. $1,000. Pop. 622. Chapmaxvili.e, p-o., Logan co., "Va., 361 w. Richmond, 3di W. Chapola, river, Flor. and Ala., a branch of the Apalacliicola r., 43 ms. long. Chappel's Cross Roads, p-o., Surry co., N. Carolina. Chappel's Ferry, p o., Newberry dist., S. C, 62 w. N. w. Columbia, 52S W. Chaptico, p v., St. Mary's co., Md., 75 s. An- napoli.s, 52 VV. Chardon. p t, capital of Geauga co., O., 170 N. E. Columbus, 33i W. It has a good soil, and is well cultivated. The v. is situated on the height of land between Grand, Cuyahoga, and Chagrin rivers, 6J0 feet above Lake Erie, 14 ms. s. of Fairport, on the lake. 1 has a court house, a jail, and a church. Pop. 446. There are in the t., 9 stores, cap. ,S3,175 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tanne- ry, 1 printing office. Cap. in manufac. $20,604. 14 sch. 5 i8 scholars. Pop. 1, 64. Charette, t., Warren co., 3Io. It has 3 sch. 72 scholars. Pop. 1,33 i. Chariton, county, 3Io. Situated centrally in the N. part of the stale, and has Grand r., on the w. and the Missouri on the s. It contains 8 2 sq. ms. Chariton r. passes through it. Capital, Keytesville. There were in 1 -iiO, neat cattle 6,659, sheep i,Oii, swine 15,571; wheat 8,162 bush, produced, Ind. corn 18J,600, oats25,3J4, po- tatoes 11,123, tobacco 9;6,09J pounds ; 15 stores, cap. $95,3.10 ; 8 grist m., 8 saw. Cap. in manu- fac. $33,975. 2 acad. 130 .students, 6 sch. 123 scholars. Pop. in 183), 1,783; 1840, whites 3,709, slaves 1,017, free col'd 2 I ; total, 4,746. Chariton, river, Mo., rises in Iowa ter., and after a course s. of 13J ms., it falls into the Mis- souri r. at the extreme s. point of Chariton co. It is boatable for 5 J miles. Chariton, p-o., St. Mary's par., La., 153 w. by s. New Orleans, 1,3 J6 VV. Ciiarito.n, t., Howard co., Mo. It has 4 sch. 133 scholars. Pop. 3,113. Chariton, p-v., Chariton co.. Mo., 75 n. w. Jefferson city, 930 W. It is on the n. bank of Missouri r., at the mouth of Chariton r. Chariton, t., Macon co., Mo. It has 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 806. Charlemont, p-t., Franklin co., Ms., 109 w. by N. Boston, 415 W. Incorporated in 1765. Watered by Deerfield r., which affords good waier power. The surface is mountainous ; but the soil is good, particularly for grazing. It has some manufactures. It has 1 furnace ; 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 grist m., 5 saw m., 2 tanneries, 7 sch. 305 scholars. Pop. 1,127. Charles, county, Md. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, on the Potomac r. It contains 450 sq. ms. The surface is broken, and the soil moderately good. Capital, Port Tobacco. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,270, sheep 10,147, swine 14,757; wheat 91,231 bush, produced, rye 4,533, Ind. corn 297,137, oats 40,992, potatoes 6,366, tobacco 3,265,371 pounds ; 29 stores, cap $41,200; 3 lumber yards, cap. $4,000; 1 tannery, 17 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $6,000. 25 sch. 647 scholars. Pop. 133), 17,666; 1810, whites 6,022, slaves 9,182, free col'd 819; total, 16,023. Charles Citv, county, Va. Situated cen- trally in the s. E. part of the state, and has Chick- ahominy r. on the .\., and James r. on the s. It contains 208 sq. ms. The surface is rolling. Grain, flour, and tobacco are its principal pro- ductions. Capital, Charles City C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,496, sheep 2,270, swine 6,029 ; wheat 36,020 bush, prodr.ced, Ind. corn 117,8i6, oats 45,275, potatoes 3,520, cotton 2,010 pounds; 15 stores, cap. $15,9 )0 ; 1 tannery, 6 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $11,300. 3 acad. 53 students, 4 sch. 87 scholars. Pop. 183), 5,500; 1340, whites 1,171, slaves 2,433, free col'd 670; toUil, 4,774. Charles City, C. IL, p-v., capital of Charles City CO., Va.., 45 s. e. by E. Richmond, 162 W. Situated near the centre of the co., .\. of James r. It contains a court house, clerk's office, tavern, and a single private dwelling. Charles, r., Ms., rises near the state of R. I., and afier a circuitous course, enters Boston har- bor. It is navigable to Watertown, 7 w. Boston. Charleston, dist., S. C. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains :2,244 sq. ms. The surface is low, and liable to be overflowed. It has the Santee r. on its N. E. boundary. Drained by Ashly and Cooper rivers. A canal, uniting the Cooper and Santee rivers, passes through it, as does the s. E. part of the South ; arolina railroad. Capital, Charleston. There were in 13 iO, neat cattle 30,060, sheep 11, 2i)6, swine 17.433; Ind. corn 307,151 bush, produced, oats 120,-252, potatoes 619,507, rice 11,933,7.30 pounds, silk cocoons 250, cotton 2,130,224, sugar 30,000 ; 400 bush, salt ; 61 commercial and com. houses in for. trade, cap. $3,563,750 ; 582 retail stores, cap. .$3,575,100 ; 10 lumber yards, capital, $75,000 ; 2 tanneries, 3 flouring m., 19 grist m., 21 saw m., 8 printing offices, 5 binderies, 4 peri- odicals, 3 daily, 3 weekly, 2 semi-weekly news- papers. Cap. in manufac. $1,073,630. 19 acad. 1,003 students, 28 sch. 1,558 scholars. Pop. 1830, 36,333; 1840, whites 20,921, slaves 53,530, free col'd 3,201 ; total, 82,661. Charleston, p-t., Penobscot co., Me., 98 N. E. Augusta, 630 W. It has a fertile soil, adapted to grain. It has 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,400. Pop. 1,269. Charleston, city and seaport of S. Carolina, and capital of a district of the same name, is the largest city in the Atlantic states s. of the Poto- mac, and the 9th in population in the United States, and is situated on a tongue of land formed by the junction of Ashley and Cooper rivers. It is in 32° 47' n. lat. and 79° 64' w. Ion. from Greenwich ; and 3° w. Ion. from W. It is 124 s. s. E. from Columbia ; 1 18 n. e. from Savannah ; 590 s. s. w. from Baltimore ; 780 s. s. w. from New York; 540 s. s. w. from W. The popula- tion in 1790 was 16,359; in 1800, 18,711; in 1810, 24,711; in 1820, 24,780; in 1330,30,289; in 1840, 29,261 ; of which 14,673 were slaves. Employed in commerce 676, in manufactures and trades 1,025, in navigating the ocean 292, learned professions 226. Academies and gram mar schools 14, with 861 students; 13 common and primary schools, with 574 scholars, of which 563 were at the public charge. 5 wliite persons over 20 could neither read nor write. The bay formed at the junction of Ashley and Cooper rivers is 2 miles wide, and extends s. of £ 7 miles to its entrance into the Atlantic, below CHA 116 CHA Sullivan's Island. Ashley is 2,100 yards wide opposite llie town, and Cooper is 1,400 ; and both are deep, and navigable for large vessels. A sand bar extends across the mouth of the har- bor, but has four entrances, the deepest of vvliich, passing very near Sullivan's Island, has 17 feet of water at high tide. It is defended by fort Moultrie, which, though then comparatively a weak fortress, repulsed a powerful attack of the British fleet, June 2Sth, 1776, under Sir Peter Parker. It is further defended by Fort Pinkney, on an island 2 miles below the city, and by Fort Johnson 4 miles below. The harbor is open to easterly winds, and storms from that quarter are often troublesome to the shipping at the wharves. The ground on wliich Charleston is built is raised but about 7 feet above high tide, so that parts of the city have been overflowed, when the wind and tide have combined to raise the waters, though it has not often occurred. The streets, which are from 35 to 70 feet in width, extend from E. to w. from the Cooper to tlie Ashley r., and are intersected by others at nearly right angles, running from n. to s. Many of the houses are of brick, while others are of wood, many of them painted white, which, with the profusion of foliage by which they are commonly surrounded, gives them a beautiful appearance. The houses are generally elegant, and they are often fur- nished with piazzas which extend to the roof, and are ornamented with vines. The gardens are adorned with orange, peach, and other trees, and a variety of shrubbery ; while the streets are often lined with the Pride of India, and other beau- tiful trees. Refinement and hospitality charac- terize the Society of Charleston ; the city is con- sidered more healthy during lUe suumier nionins than the surrounding country. It contains 24 churches, 5 Episcopal, 4 Presbyterian, 4 Metho- dist, 3 Roman Catliolic, 2 Baptist, 2 German Lu- theran, 1 French Protestant, 1 Jews' Synagogue, and 1 Bethel. Among the public buildings are the city hall, the exchange, a court house, jail, 2 arsenals, a theatre, 2 college halls, an almshouse, and an or- phan asylum. The orphan asylum accommo dates 150 destitute children. The literary and philosophical society has a fine collection of ob- jects in natural history, and the academy of fine arts possesses some valuable paintings. The city library contains about fifteen thousand vol- umes. St. Philips parish or the neck, virtually a part of the city, contains a population of 11,000; it is adorned wuh plantations in a high state of culti- vation. Moultrieville, on Sullivan's Island, at the mouth of the harbor, is a small but pleasant town, and the refreshing breezes from the ocean cause it to be much resorted to from the city during the suuuiier and autumnal months. The commerce of Charleston is extensive, com- prising that of nearly the wliole of the state. Its tonnage in 1840, was 29,250. There were in 1840, 27 for. commercial and 34 commission houses, with a cap. of §3,563,750 ; 428 retail stores, cap. $3,317,450 ; 7 lumber yards, cap. $50,000 ; 3 grist m., 4 saw m., with a total cap. of $334,000 ; 8 printing oflices, 5 binderies, 3 daily, 3 weekly and 2 semi-weekly newspapers, and 4 periodicals, with a cap. of $120,000; 84 brick and stone houses, and 26 wooden, built at the cost of $U27,700. Total capital in manufac. $770,500. There are three lines of packets which ply be- tween this city and New York. One line has 6 ships, one of which sails from each place, every 5 days. Another consists of S brigs, one of which sails every 4th day. There is another line con- sisting off) brigs. A canal of 22 ms. in length, connects the harbor with the Santee r. A rail- road extends 136 miles to Hamburg, on the Sa- vannah. The college of Charleston has in its scientific department, 60 students, and a library of 3,000 volumes. There are in the city 20 churches, of which the Episcopalians have 4, the Presbyteri- ans 3, the Methodists 3, the Congregationalists 2, the Roman Catholics 2, and various others. There are 6 newspapers published here, 3 of which are issued daily, 1 semi-weekly, and 2 weekly. The city is divided into 4 w'ards. Charleston was first settled in 16S0. In 1690 a colony of French refugees, exiled in conse- quence of the revocation of the edict of Nantz, settled in Carolina, and -some of them in Charles- ton, I'rom whom some of its present respectable inhabitants are descended. At the close of 1779, the city was captured by the British, who had possession of it until the middle of the following May. In 1778, a fire consumed 252 houses, and another in 1796, destroyed about one third of the city, at a loss of $2,500,000. From 1830 to 1840, the population diminished 1,028. CiiARLEsTo.x, p-t., Montgomery co., N. Y., 40 w. N. w. Albany, 3.19 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay, sand, and gravelly loam. It has Schoharie r. on the e., which affords mill seats. Drained by small branches of Mohawk r. It has 6 stores, cap. $26,600; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,070. 14 sch. 841 scholars. Pop. 2,103. Charleston, p-t., Tioga co.. Pa., 146 n. Har- risburg, 256 W. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,100; 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,650. 2 sch. 45 scho- lars. Pop. 1,010. Charlesto.x, p-t., Kalamazoo co., Blich., 127 vv. Detroit, 592 W. It has 4 sch. 234 scholars. Pop. 605. Charleston, p-v., capital of Clarke co., la., 101 .s. s. E. Indianapolis, 5^9 W. CiiAR LE.ST0.\, p-v., Peoria co., EL, 91 n. Spring- field, 805 W. CiiARLE.sTON, p-v., Bradley co., Tenn., 167 s. E. Nashville, 570 W. Charleston, t., Orleans co., Vt., 55 n. n. e. Montpelier. Watered by several ponds with their outlets, which discharge their waters into Clyde r., which enters Lake Memphremagog. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 grist in., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $S,375. 5 sch. 134 scholars. Pop. 731. Charleston, p-o., Jackson co., Iowa, 918 W. Charleston, p-v., Tallahatchecco., Miss., 136 N. Jackson, 967 W. C'harlestox Four Corners, p-o., Charleston t., 3Iontgomery co., N. ¥., 3J w. n. w. Albany, 397 W. Charle.stown, p-t., Sullivan co., N. H., 54 w. Concord, 453 VV. It lies on the e. side of Con- necticut r. Drained by Little Sugar r. The soil is generally good, particularly its fine interval land, but some of it is broken and poor. Incor- porated in 1753. It has 2 %illages, the s. one par- ticularly pleasant. A bridge connects this town with Springfield, Vt. It has 7 stores, cap. $22,5U0 ; 2 lulling in., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,214. 1 acad. 47 students, 532 scholars in sch. Pop. 1,722. Charlestown, p-t., and, with Boston, a port of entry, Middlesex Co., Mass., 1 n. Boston, 441 W. Situated on a peninsula lying between Charles and 3Iystic rivers, and connected with Boston by Charles and Warren bridges. There CHA 117 CHA are two other bridges across Mystic river, one of which connects it with Chelsea, and the other with Maiden. There is another which connects it with Craigie's bridge, leading to Cambridge. The streets, though not laid out with great regu- larity, are wide, and ornamented with trees. The public buildings are a state prison, on the most improved model, the Massachusetts insane hos- pital, called, from a distinguished benefactor, McLean Asylum, an almshouse, town house, and 9 churches — 3 Congregationalists, 2 Bap. 1 Meth. "Z Univer. and 1 R. Catholic-a United Slates Navy Yard, in the s, E. part of the place, wiih a dry dock built of hewTi granite. The Navy Yard covers 60 acres of land, on which are erected a marine hospital, a spacious warehouse, an arse- nal, powder magazine, and a house for the super- intendent, all of brick ; and 2 immense wooden edifices, under which tiie largest vessels of war are built. Breed's Hill, commonly called Bun- ker Hill, is immediately in the rear of the place, where a bloody battle was fought at the com- mencement of the revolution, June 17, 1773, in which the Americans lost, in killed and wounded, 449, and the British, 1,055. To commemorate this important event, a granite obelisk has been erect- ed on the spot, which is 30 feet square at the base, 220 feet high, and 15 feet square at the top, ascended within by a winding stair-case, estima- ted to cost about $100,000. The t. has 3 commer- cial and 8 commission houses, cap. $125,000; 78 stores, capital $346,000 ; 6 lumber yards, capital $82,000 ; 5 printing offices, 1 bindery, 1 weekly newspaper, 4 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 1 brewery, 3 potteries, 3 rope walks, 5 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 oil m., 24 sch. 2,202 scholars. Top. 11,484. Charlestown, p-t., Washington co., R. I., 45 8. s. w. Providence, 335 VV. Watered by Charles r., a branch of Pawcatuck r., which affords water power. Pawcatuck r. runs on its n. w. border. It has 2 large fresh water, and 2 salt water ponds. Near the sea the land is level and rich, but to the N. it is rough, and not well adapted to culti- vation. The remains of the Narraganset Indians, once a powerful tribe, long continued in this place, and had a missionary among them, support- ed by a society for propagating the gospel, and a considerable reservation of land ; but they are now nearly or quite extinct. It has 3 stores, cap. $5,50J ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 8 sch. 233 scholars. Pop. 923. Charlestowx, p-v., Cecil co., Md., 70 n. e. Annapolis, 8!) W. CHARLEST0w^f, p-v., Capital of Jefferson co., Va., 168 x\. Richmond, 65 W. Charlestown, p-t.. Portage co., O., 145 n. e. Columbus, 321 W. It is a fertile t., well water- ed and well cultivated. Watered by branches of Mahoning r. It has 1 acad. 25 students, 5 sch. 199 scholars. Pop. 851. Charlestown, t., Chester co., Pa., 82 e. Har- risbnrg, on the Susquehanna r. The v. contains 1 store, 1 hemp and flax fac, and 10 or 12 dwel- lings. Pop. 1,039. Charloe, pv., capital of Paulding co., O., 137 N. w. Columbus, 5U6 W. Charlotte, county, Va. SiUiated in the s. part of ihe state, and contains 600 square miles. Drained by Little Roanoke r. The soil is fertile, producing grain, tobacco, and fruits. Capital, Charlotte C. H. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 9,662, sheep 14,593, swine 21,597 ; wheat 64,914 bush, produced, liid. corn 503,260, oats 246,974, poiatoes 14,776, tobacco 4,180,745 lbs., ting trade, both of which em- ploy a considerable number of vessels. '1 here were 32,000 bu.sh. salt produced m 1840, and a cap. of §33,750 invested in the fisheries. It has 13 stores, cap. $20,400; 1 lumber yard, capital .$5,000 ; 7 grist m. Cap. in manufac. ii5,550. 1 acad. 30 students, 12 sch. 1,001 scholars. Pop. 2,334. Chatham, t., Middlesex co., Ct., opposite Mid- dletown, 16 s. Hartford. The surface is uneven, exceptnig near Connecticut r., where is a level and very fertile alluvial tract, of nearly a mile in width. It has a fine landing at Middle Had- dam, 6 miles below 3Iiddlelown, where is a vil- lage. It is watered by Salmon river and Pine brook. A little .\. e. of Middletown, on the bank of the r., is a very valuable quarry of freestone, which has been extensively wrought and export- ed. It has 9 stores, cap. $32,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9(),60J. 1 acad. 35 students, 17 sch. 779 schol- ars. Pop. 3,413. Chatham, p-t., Columbia co., N. Y., 18 s. by E. Albany, 16 .\. e. Hudson, 362 W. The soil is various, but well cultivated. Watered by Kinder- hook cr. The v. has 1 church, 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 iron foundry, 50 dwellings, and about 3lK) inhabitants There are in the t., 17 stores, cap. $30,000 ; 3 fulluig m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 3 paper fac, 8 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manutac. §65,600. 17 sch. 1,205 scholars. Pop. 762. Chatham, t., Medina co., O. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $200. 4 sch. 153 scholars. Pop 555. Chatham, p-t., Morris county, N. J., 56 n. n. E. Trenton, 221 W. Watered by Passaic r. The surface is undulating, with Long Hill in its s. part. The v. contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Me- thodist church, an academy, 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., and f)0 dwellings. The buildings are neat, and the surrounding country is pleasant. Passaic r. passes through the v. There are in the t., 10 stores, cap. $182,000; 1 fulling m., 1 I tannery, 4 distilleries, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. CHA 119 CHE in manufiic. $36,8i)0. 4 acad. 245 students, 5 sell. 185 scholars. Pop. 2,138. Chatham, t., Carroll co., N. H., situated on the E. side of the White Mountains. The sur- face is rough and mountainous. Chartered in 1767. From a pond flows a head branch of Saco river. It has 1 store, 1 fulling m., 1 grist m-, 2 saw m., 6 sch. 213 scholars. Pop. 523. Chatham, t., Tioga co., Pa. The surface is rolling; soil, loam, adapted to grazing. Timber- ed with oak, beech, maple, and pine. It has 1 store, cap. $2,500 ; 5 saw m. Cap. hi manufac. $9,200. 2 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 6S9. Chatham, p-v., Chester co., Pa., 63 e. s. e. Harrisburg, 102 W. Chatham, p-o., Sangamon co., El., 10 n. n. w. Springfield, 790 W. Chatham, p-v., Newton t^ Licking co., O. Chatham Centre, po., Chatham t., Colum- bia county, N. Y., 19 s. by e. Albany, 359 W. It has a small agricultural settlement of 10 or 12 dwellings. Chatham Four Corners, p-v., Chatham t., Columbia county, N. Y., 23 s. by e. Albany, 355 W. Here are 3 stores, and about 25 dwellings. The Hudson and Berkshire, and the Albany and West Stockbridge railroads here form a junction. Chatham Hill, po.. Smith co., Va., 273 w. by N. Richmond, 341 W. Chattahoochee, r., Ga., Ala., rises in the Ap- palachian mountains and forms for a consider- able distance the boundary between these states, and constitutes the largest constituent of Appala- chicola r. It is navigable for steamboats to Co- lumbus, Ga. Chattahoochee, p-v., Gadsden co., Florida, 45 w. Tallahassee, 856 W. Situated on the e. side of the Appalachicola river. It contains a United Slates arsenal. This place was formerly called Mount Vernon. Chattanooga, po., Hamilton co., Tenn., 141 s. E. Nashville, 610 W. Chattooga, county, Ga., situated in the N. w. part of the state, and contains 3 sq. ms. Sur- face, mountainous ; soil, fertile on the river bot- toms. Capitil, Summerville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,129, sheep 2,037, swine 12,338 ; wheat 18,789 bushels produced, rye 119, Indian corn 201,568, barley 400, oats 12,5J3, potatoes 7,076, tobacco 8,206 pounds, cotton 112,941; 3 stores, cap. $5,500 ; 3 tanneries, 7 flouring m., 4 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,800. 1 acad. 35 students, 4 sch. 61 scholars. Pop. whites 2,624, slaves 814; total, 3,43S. Chattoogaville, p-v., Chattooga co., Ga., 185 N. w. Milledgeville, 662 W. Chaumont, p-v., Lyme t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 178 N. w. Albany, 430 W. It is situated at the head of the Chaumont bay, at the e. end of Lake Ontario. It contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 tannery, 35 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. It has an excellent har- bor, easy of access, and Chaumont river affords good water power. A fine blue limestone is found here, and is much used for building, and in public works. Chauncey, p-o., Athens co., O., 67 s. E. Co- lumbus, 345 W. Chautauque, county, N. Y., the western- most county of the state, lies on Lake Erie. Or- ganized in 1808, and contains 1,017 sq. ms. It has a lake coast of 30 miles, in which are several good harbors for steamboats and lake vessels. A dividing ridge, from 1,000 to 1,400 feet above tide water, not more than from 5 to 8 miles from the lake, divides the waters which flow into Lake Erie from those which go to tlie Gulf of Mexico. The surlace is hilly, but not mountainous ; and the soil is fertile, particularly on the streams and the lake shore. It has several springs, which emit a pure carburetted hydrogen gas, used in some places for lights. It has also springs charged with sulphuretted hydrogen gas. It has bog iron ore and shell marble in abundance. There were in 1840, neat cattle 63,515, sheep 136,315, swine 42,224 ; wheat 214,897 bushels produced, rye 1,671, Ind. corn 235,788, buckwheat 9,157, barley 24,789, oats 353,311, potatoes 778,219, hops 7,177 pounds, sugar 839,222 ; 7 com. houses in foreign trade, cap. $22,200; 132 stores, cap. $505,165; 5 lumber yards, cap. $10,300; 3 furnaces, 26 full- ing m., 2 woollen fac, 1 rope fac, 53 tanneries, 7 distilleries, 1 pottery, 3 flouring m., 46 grist m., 229 saw m., 2 oil m., 1 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 1 bindery, 1 periodical, 4 weekly news- papers. Cap. in manufac. $768,792. 11 acad. 808 students, 302 sch. 14,487 scholars. Pod. 1830, 34,057 ; 1840, 47,975. Chautauque, t., capital of Chautauque co., N. Y. The county buildings are in the village of Mayville, 336 w. by s. Albany. The surface is elevated and rolling ; soil, argillaceous loam. Drained by Chautauque cr. The town has 3 stores, cap. $34,400 ; 2 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $.36,930; 1 acad. 100 students, 22 sch. 820 scholars. Pop. 2,980. Chautauque, lake, is a beauriful sheet of water, lying in the central part of Chautauque CO., N. Y. It is 18 miles long, and from 1 to 3 broad, excepting near the middle, where it is con- nected by a strait, a few rods wide. It is ele- vated 726 feet above Lake Erie, and 1,291 above the level of the ocean. It is navigable for steam- boats from Mayville, at the n. part, to the foot of the lake, and thence, by its outlet, it is boatable to Connewango cr., a tributary of Alleghany r. ; and rafts proceed from the lake to the Gulf of Mexico. It is said to be the highest body of water in the United States on which a steamboat floats. Chazv, p-t., Clinton co., N. Y., 178 n. Albany, 15 N. Plattsburg, 553 W. It lies on Lake Cham- plain. Watered by Little Chazy r. Chartered in 1804. It has a landing place on Lake Cham- plain, and a village 3 ms. from the lake. It has 10 stores, cap. $32,150; 3 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 3 grist m., 2S saw m. Cap. in manufac $53,045. 19 sch. 538 scholars. Pop. 3,534. Chazy, river, Clinton co., N. Y., after a course of 50 ms., falls into Lake Champlain, in the n. E. part of the county. Cheat, river, Va., a branch of the Mononga- hela r., navigable for boats except in dry seasons. The Portage of the Potomac is 37 miles. Cheboygan, county, Mich. Situated on the N. point of the southern peninsula, and contains 300 sq. ms. Principal stream, Cheboygan r. Unorganized. Cheek's Cross Roads, p-o., Hawkins' co.i Tenn., 231 e. by n. Nashville, 452 W. Cheek's Store, p-o., Grainger co., Term., 209 E. Nashville, 148 W. Cheeksville, p-o., Marion co., Tenn., 122 a. E. Nashville, 487 W. Chelmsford, p-t., Middlesex co., Mass., 27 n. N. w. Boston, 442 W. It lies on the s. side of Merrimac r., and is connected with Dracut by a bridge. Incorporated in 1755. It aboimds with limestone and granite, the latter of which is ex- ported through the Middlesex canal, which passes through the t. It has some manufactures, among which are those of glass and iron. The present important town of Lowell belonged to this town, until 1824. It has 8 stores, cap $20,300; 3 grist CHE 120 CHE m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,400. 10 sell. 472 scholars. Pop. 1,697. CnELSK.\, p-t., capital of Orange co., Vt., 24 s. K. Monipelier, 503 W. Watered by a branch of Wliite r., vvhicli affords water power. Chartered in 1781, by the name of Turnersbnrg. Altered to Cliel.'^ea in 1788. The surfai^e is uneven ; soil, warm and productive. It has a pleasant village, where is a court house, jail, an elegant Congregational church, and about 70 or 80 dwell- ings. It has 6 stores, cap. $31,000; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 1 saw ni. Cap. in manufac. $31,070. 18 sch. C59 scholars. Pop. l,<)5y. Chelsea, p-t., Suffolk co., Mass., 4 n. e. Bos- ton, 444 W. Formerly a ward of Boston. In- corporated in 1738. It has considerable manu- factures. It is connected with Charlestown by a bridge. It has 1 com. house, cap. $20,000; 11 stores, cap. $29,000 ; 3 lumber yards, capital $13,000; 2 tanneries, 1 pottery, 1 grist m., 1 printing office. Cap. in manufac. 55,350. 1 acad. 20 students, 9 sch. 574 scholars. Fop. 2,290. Cheltenii.vm, t., Montgomery co. Pa. It has 4 stores, cap. 6,000 ; 1 forge, 1 flouring m., 5 grist ni., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,250. 1 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 1,053. Chemung, r., N. Y., is formed by the junction of the Conhocton with Tioga r., in Steuben co., and flows in a s. E. course, and enters the Sus- quehanna r. at Athens, Pa. It fumishes good mill seats, and, at high water, floats lumber and produce to market. It is used as the main feeder of the Chemung canal. Che.mu.ng, CO., N. Y., situated in the s. part of the state, and was taken from Tioga co. in 1836. It contains 530 sq. ms. The surface is broken and hilly, but contains much good land, particu- larly along the streams. Watered by Chemung r., Cayuta cr., Newtown cr., and a creek which flows N. into Seneca lake. The Chemung canal, which connects Seneca lake with the Chemung r., at Elraira, passes through the co., as does the line of the New York and Erie railroad. Capi- tal, Elmira. There were in 1840, neat cattle 21,406, sheep 37,975, swine 18,110; wheat 192,831 bushels produced, rye 18,513, Ind. corn 120,732, buckwheat 62,590, barley 26,358, oats 203,174, potatoes 269,233, hops 1,044 pounds, sugar 74,926 ; 83 stores, cap. $234,235 ; 8 lumber yards, cap. $38,000; 3 furnaces, 5 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 12 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 1 brew- ery, 3 flouring m., 25 grist m., 85 saw m., 1 oil m., 4 printing oflices, 2 binderies, 4 weekly news- papers. Cap. in manufac. $313,075. 1 acad. 130 students, 99 schools, 4,837 scholars. Pop. 20,732. Chemung, t., Chemung co., N. Y., 10 s. e. El- mira, 19S w. .s. w. Albany. The surface is hilly and broken, with line alluvial flats on Chemimg r., which flows through its s. part. The soil is a gravelly loam. In the s. e. part of the town, on "Spanish Hill," elevated 110 feet above the plain, near the bank of the r., are remains of fortifications, with regular intrenchments, which W'Ould command the bend of the r. The line of the New Vork and Erie railroad passes through the s. part of the town. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,500; 1 tannery, 5 grist m., 15 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $27,660. 15 schools, 486 scholars. Pop. 2,377. Chenango, r., N. Y., rises in Madison and Oneida coimties, and after a course of 75 miles enters the Susquehanna, at Binghamton. Chenango, county, N. Y., situated a little s. E. of the centre of the state, and was formed from Herkimer and Tioga, in 1798. It contains 800 square ms. The surface is broken and hilly : its valleys are exceedingly fertile. Watered by Chenango r. flowing through its centre, by Una- dilla r. in the e., and several creeks, which flow into the Chenango r. The Chenango canal passes along the valley of Chenango r., and con- nects Binghamton on the Susquehanna with the Erie canal at Utica. Capital, Norwich. Tliere were in 1840, neat cattle 64,322, sheep 197,746, swine 27,311 ; wheat 99,701 bush, produced, rye 26,992, Ind. com 159,203, buckwheat 25,603, bar- ley 10,451, oats 406,032, potatoes 772,671, hops 6,774 pounds, sugar 314,018; 116 stores, cap. $43S,490; I'lumberyard, cap. $13,000; 32 full- ing m., 5 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 4,400 sp., 2 rope fac, 30 tanneries, 1 brewery, 45 grist m., 165 saw m., 2 oil m., 2 paper fac, 4 printing of- fices, 2 binderies, 4 periodicals, 5 weekly news- papers. Cap. in manufac. $460,331. 8 acad. 733 students, 343 sch. 12,816 scholars. Pop. 1830, 37,233 ; 1840, 40,785. Chenango, t., Broome co., N. Y., 145 s. w Albany. The surface is hilly ; soil, fertile, par- ticularly on the rivers. Watered by Chenango and Susquehanna rivers, which form a junction at Binghamton. It has 23 stores, cap. $83,330; 1 tannery, 2 printing offices, 1 bindery, 2 weekly newspapers, 5 grist m., 26 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $19,950. 2 acad. 100 scholars, 30 schools, 1,404 scholars. Pop. 5,465. Chenango Forks, p-v., Chenango t., Broome CO., N. Y., 127 w. s. w. Albany, 307 W. Situ- ated at the junction of Tioughnioga r. ■vii28'^,!>00; 3 furnaces, 1 forge, 18 fulling m., 18 woollen fac., 6 cotton fac. 4,491 sp., 20 tanneries, 2 glass fac, 50 grist m., 128 saw m., 2 oil m., 1 paper fac, 2 printing offices, 2 binderies, 3 periodicals, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. ,$758,052. 11 acad. 610 students, 228 sch. 5,796 scholars. Pop. 183:), 27,016 ; H40, 26,429. Cheshire, p-t., Berkshire co., Mass., 130 w. by N. Boston, 387 W. Watered by Hoosack r. Incorporated in 1793. The surfiice is mountain- ous, and the soil productive, being particularly adapted to grazing. It is little less celebrated for Its cheese, than the county of the same name in England. In 1801, its inhabitants presented to President Jefferson, a cheese weighing 1,200 pounds. Its manufactures consist chielly of' leather, shoes, and window glass. It has 3 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 1 grist m., 4 saw m., 8 sch. 160 scholars. Pop. 985. CuE.SHiRE, p-t.. New Haven co., Ct., 25 s. s. w. Hartford, 314 W. Formed in 1780, from Wallingford t. Watered by Quinnipiac r. The surface is uneven, the soil gravelly loam, and fertile. The v. contains 3 churches, 1 Congre- gational and 1 Episcopal, and an Episcopal acad- emy, which has a principal, and a professor of languages, a convenient brick edifice, and a fund of $25,000, and is one of the best endowed in- stitutions of the kind in the state. There are in the t., 6 stores, cap. $10,800 ; 1 fulling m., 3 tan- neries, 2 distilleries, 3 powder m., 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $260,200. 1 acad. 40 students, 12 sch. 363 scholars. Pop. 1,529. Cheshire, p-v., Canandaigua t., Ontario co., N. Y., 203 w. by n. Albany, 316 W. It has 2 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., and 12 or 15 dwellings. Cheshire, p-t., Gallia co., O., 102 s. s. e. Columbus, 349 W. It is situated on the Ohio r., and has 2 stores, cap. $7,500. Cap. in manufac. $500. Pop. 791. Chester Bluff, p-o., Dyer co., Tenn., 157 w. Nashville, 810 W. Chesnut Creek, p-o., Autauga co., Ala., 80 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 813 W. Chesxut Fi^at, p-o., Walker co., Ga. (Chesnut Grove, p-o., Lycoming co.. Pa. Chesnut Grove, p-o., Pittsylvania co., Va., 175 w. s. w. Richmond, 258 W. Chesnut Grove, p-o., Chester dist., S. C, 64 N. K. Columbia, 445 W. Chesnut Grove, p-o., Shelby co., Ky., 23 w. Frankfort, 565 W. Chesnut Grove, p-o., Davidson co., Tenn., 20 Nashville, 704 W. Chesxut Hii.l, p-o., Strafford co., N. 11., 49 E. Concord, 513 W. ("hesnut Hill, p-v., Germantown t., Phila- delphia CO., Pa., 9 vv. Philadelphia. It has 2 stores, 80 or 90 dwellings, and 5 or 600 inhabi- tants. It is a healthy place of summer resort from Philadelphia. Chesnut Hill, p-o., Northumberland cc, Va., 95 E. by N. Richmond, 156 W. (Chesnut IIii.i,, p-v., Hall co., Ga., 107 n. n. w. Milledgeviile, 632 W. ('hrsnut Hill, p-o., Washington co., la., 107 S. Indianapolis, 618 W. Chesnut Hill, t., Monroe co.. Pa. The sur- face is partly hilly, partly level. Watered by Head's cr. It has a Lutheran church, and 1 store, cap. $1,500 ; 5 grist m., 19 saw m. Cap. in manufac $1,1(X). 10 sch. 371 scholars. Pop.1,318. Chesnut Level, p-o., Lancaster co.. Pa., 53 e. E. Harrisburg, 95 W Chesnut Ridoe, a branch of the Alleghany mountains, extending from Md., n. e. througli Fayette and Westmoreland (bounties. Pa. Chesnut Ridge, p-o., Dover t., Dutchess co^ N. Y., 78 s. by k. Albany, 315 W. Chest, p-t., Clearfield co.. Pa., 150 x. \v. Har- risburg, 240 W. The surface is hilly and bro- ken, the soil loam. Watered by w. branch of 4 Susquehanna r. Chester, r., rises in Kent co., Del., and flows through 3Id., into a large estuarj- of Chesapeake bay. It is navigable 30 ms. to Chestertown. ( "HESTER, county. Pa. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 792 sq. ms. The surface in the e. is level or rolling, and in the w. hilly or moimtainous. The soil is various, but highly cultivated. Drained by Brandy wine cr., and French cr., a branch of the Schuylkill r., and the head waters of Elk r. The ('olum- bia and Philadelphia railroad passes through it. Capital, Westchester. Tliere were in 1840, neat cattle 61,398, sheep 56,672, swine 64,543; wheat 43^,132 bush, produced, rye 86,147, Ind. corn 826,413, buckwheat 2t,.565, barley 4.5,255, oats 1,079,74.5, potatoes 316,791, hops 941 pounds, silk cocoons 905; 219 stores, cap. $692,100; 14 lumber yards, cap. $26,050 ; 3 fiuiiaces, 10 forges, 1 1 fulling m., 19 woollen fac, 18 cotton fac. 16,268 sp., 3 dyeing and print, estab., 37 tanne- ries, 2 distilleries, 2 breweries, 6 potteries, 27 flouring m., 115 grist m., 150 saw m., 20 oil m., 26 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 4 weekly news- papers. Cap. in manufac. $686,365. 13 acad. 859 students, 219 sch. 7,717 scholars. Pop. 1830, 50,910; 1840, 57,515. Chester, district, S. C. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 600 sq. ms. Ca- tawba r. bounds it on the E., and Broad r. on the w. The surface is agreeably diversified. Cap- ital, Chesterville. There were in 1810, neat cattle 18,524, sheep 9,831, swine 31,103; wheat 46,307 bush, produced, rye 2,385, Ind. com 714,581, oats 44,561, potatoes 16,252, cotton 1,814,102 poimds; 22 stores, cap. $151,3lX); 6 tanneries, 5 flouring m., 24 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $42,720. 2 acad. 70 students, 21 sch. 527 scholars. Pop. 1830, 17,182 ; 1840, whites 9,889, slaves 7,722, free col'd 136 ; total, 17,747. Chester, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H., 22 s. s. E. Concord, 463 W. VVatered by a brancli of Exeter r. Massabesick pond in the n. w. part of the t., contiiins 1,500 acres. The surface is elevated and rolling, with some extensive mea- dows, and the .soil is fertile. The v. which is a place of considerable business, occupies an ele- vated position, commanding an extensive prospect. It has 7 stores, cap. $12,000 ; 2 tanneries, 5 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,H25. I acad. 30 students, 19 sch. 746 scholars. Pop. 2,173. Chester, t., Penobscot cOt Me. It has 5 sch. 124 scholars. Pop. 277. Chester, p-t., Windsor co., Vt., 83 s. fllont- pelier, 457 W. Chartc^red by N. H., in 1754, first settled in 1764. The surface is imeven, and the soil fertile. It has 2 pleasant villages. The religious denominations are Congregation- alists. Baptists, iMethodists, nnd Universalists. The Baptist church was long under the cure of Elder Aaron Leland, who was lieutenant gov- ernor of the state. The s. village has a Baptist church, and a flourishing academy, with a 3 story brick edifice, and various manufacturing establishments. It has 6 stores, cap. $20,000; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,427. 1 acad. 267 students, 20 sch. 752 scholars. Pop. 2,305. Chester, p-t., Eaton co. Mich. Pop. 195. CHE 123 CHE Chester, p-t,, Hampden co., Mass., 116 \v. by s. Boston, 38J W. Incorporated in 1765. The surface is mountainous, and the soil good for grazing. Watered by branches of Westfield r., which afford water power, it has 4 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 1 fulHng m., 1 woollen fac, 2 cotton i'ac 12,092 sp., 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in • manufac. $32,000. 7 sch. 205 scholars. Pop. 1,632. Chester, p-t., 3Iiddlesex co., Ct., 31 s. by e. Hartford, 340 W. It has Haddam on the n., and Saybrook on tlie s. It has great water power, and some manufactories. It has 3 stores, cap. $15,000 ; 1 fidling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $30,300. 6 sch. 226 schol- ars. Pop. 974. Chester, p-v., Go.shen t., Orange co., N. Y., 102 s. by w. Albany, 277 W. It has 1 church, 5 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., and 30 dwellings. It is on the line of the New York and Erie rail- road, and is a great market for cattle. Chester, t., Warren co., N. Y., 18 N. w. Caldwell, 80 x. Albany. The surface is hilly and mountainous ; soil, sandy loam, productive in the valleys. Watered by Hudson r. and its tri- butaries. Schroon lake lies on its .\. e. border. It has 7 stores, cap. $13,000; 2 fulling m., 2 tan- neries, 2 grist m., 9 saw m., 15 sch. 525 scholars. Pop. 1,633. Chester, p-t., Morris co., N. J., 50 n. by e. Trenton, 224 W. The surface is rolling, and the soil a loam, under good cultivation. Drained by Black r., and tributaries of the w. branch of Ra- ritan r. The v. extends for more than a mile along the foot of an isolated mountain, and con- tahis 2 churches, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Congre- gational, 3 stores, and over 30 dwellings. There are in the t., 4 stores, cap. §8,000 ; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 10 distilleries, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,250. 7 sch. 382 scholars. Pop. 1,321. Chester, p-v., capital of Delaware co.. Pa., D4 E. s. E. Harrisburg, 14 s. w. Philadelphia, 121 W. Situated on the w. bank of Delaware r., and is the oldest town in Pa., settled long before the grant of Wm. Penn, in 1681. Originally called Upland, and received its present name in 1701. It contains a court house, jail, and other county buildings, 1 Friends church, 4 stores, an athenajum, a bank, and 140 dwellings, mostly of stone or brick. Some of the original houses are yet standing. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,300 ; 1 fulling m., 1 cotton lac, 3 potteries, 1 printing office, 1 weekly paper. Caj). in manufac. $25,650. 4 sch. 244 scholars. Pop. 1,7^'0. Chester, t., Wayne co.. Pa., on the w. bank of the Delaware r. Pop. 1,91)3. Chester, p-v., Randolph co.. 111., 149 s. e. Springfield, 841 W. Situated on the e. bank of IVIississippi r., 2 ms. below the mouth of the Kas- kaskia r. It is on an elevated strip of bottom land, at the foot of the bluffs, and is a commer- cial depot for the country back. Pop. between 3 and 400. Chester, t., Wabash co., la. It has 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 536. Chester, C. H., pv., capital of Chester dist, S. C, 57 N. by w. Columbia, 452 W. Sittiated on the dividing ridge, between the waters of Broad and Wateree rs. It contains a court house, jail, and several stores and dwellings. Chester, p-v., Gwinnett co., Ga., 82 n. w. Mmedge\ille, 656 W. Chester, p-t., Meigs co., O., 95 s. s. e. Co- lumbus, 334 W. The v. is situated on the n. side of Shade r., which flows into the Ohio r. There are in the t, 8 stores, cap. $14,800; 4 tanneries, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $1,600. 8 sch. 332 scholars. Pop. 1.479. Chester, t., Burlington co., N. J., 9 s. vV. Mount Holly. The surface is level ; soil, sand or sandy loam, of good quality, and well cultivated Drained by Rancocus and Pensauken creeks , and by Pompeston cr., and Swedes branch, both of which empty immediately into the Dela- ware. It produces grass, grain, vegetables and fruits. It has 10 stores, cap. $25,200 ; 2 distille- ries, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufec. $37,100. 9 sch. 167 scholars. Pop. 2,603. Chester, t., Knox co., O., 50 n. n. e. Colum- bus. W^atered by a branch of Vernon r., which affords mill seats. Chesterville p-v. is in this town, which see. It has 8 sch. 240 scholars. Pop. 1,295. Chester, t., Butler co., O. Pop. 190. Chester, t., Clinton co. O. Watered by trib- utaries of Little 3Iiami r. It has a fine soil, well improved. It has 4 stores, cap. $6,800; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 1 girst m., 3 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $8,575. 10 sch. 675 scholars. Pop. 1,784. Chester, t., Geauga co., O., 160 n. e. Colum- bus, 19 E. Cleveland. The surface is elevated, and the soil is well adapted to grazing. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000; 1 tannery, 2 saw m., 7 sch. 296 scholars. Pop. 962. Chester Cro^s Roads, p-v., Chester t., Ge- auga CO., O., 159 N. e. Columbus, 345 W. Chester Factory, p-v., Chester t., Hampden CO., Mass., 113 w. by s. Boston, 380 W. Chesterfield, county, Va., has James r. on the N. and n. e., and Appomattox r. on the s. and s. w. It contains 456 square ms. The surface is somewhat broken. Capital, Chesterfield C.H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,607, sheep 7,225, swine 16,595; wheat 34,414 bushels produced, Indian corn 284,870, oats 156,033, potatoes 9,743, silk cocoons 100 pounds, tobacco 6S0,O05 pounds, cotton 5,718; 26 stores, cap. $20,475; 8 cotton fac. 20,110 sp., 3 flouring m., 19 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. manufac $93j,l!)0. 2i sch. 420 schol- ars. Pop. 183;t, 1 1,689 ; 18 !0, whites 7,859, slaves 8,702 free col'd 587; total, 17,148. Chesterfield, district, S. C, situated in the N. e. part of the state, and contains 750 sq. ms. It has Great Pedce r. on its n. e. border, and Lynch's cr. on its s. w. border; Black cr. flows through its centre. The soil on the streams is fertile ; back of them, it is sandy and poor. It abounds with fine springs of pure water. Cap- ital, Chesterfield C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,824, sheep 3,423, swine 18,834 ; wheat 5,859 bush, produced, rye 853, Ind. com 193,100, oatsl6,038, potatoes 21,620, cotton 268,122 pounds, silk cocoons 250 ; 28 stores, cap. $202,100 ; 3 tan- neries, 1 flouring m., 45 grist m., 16 saw m., 1 print- ing office, 1 bindery, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $40,910. Pop. 1830,8,472; 1840, whites 5,537, slaves 2,871, free col'd 163; total, 8,574. Chesterfield, p-t., Cheshire co., N. H., 59 s. w. Concord, 430 W. It lies on Connecticut r., opposite to Brattleboro', Vt. The land on the shore of Connecticut r. is elevated. The surface is varied, and the soil well adipled to grazing, and to Indian corn. Cat's Bane brook furnishes mill seats, as does also Partridge's brook. Spaf- ford's lake is a beautiful sheet of very pure wa- ter, and covers 526 acres. The principal v. has a chmch, and a flourishing academy, founded in 1794. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $9,500 ; 1 cotton fac. 500 sp., 3 tanneries, 3 grist m.,8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $27,352. 1 acad. 71 stu- dents, 14 sch. 575 scholars. Pop. 1,765. Chesterfield, p-t., Hampshire co., Mass., 106 w. Boston, 11 w. i\. w. Northampton, 393 W. The surface is elevated and rough, and the soil productive in grass and Indian corn. Drained by CHE 124 CHI a branch of Westfield r., which affords good wa- ter power. Many sheep are kept in the t. It has 4 stores, cap. §14, .500 ; 3 gri.st. m., 7 saw m., 1 acad., 10 sch. 411 scholars. I'op. 1,132. Chesterfikld, p v., Montville t.. New Lon- don CO., Ct., 36 .s. E. Hartford, 360 W. It has a Congregational and a Baptist church. ClIE.STERFIELU, p-t., LuCas CO., O., 170 .\. N. w. Cohinibus, 501 W. Watered by Bean cr., a branch ofjAIaiimcer. It has 2 sch. 86 scholars. Pop. 301. Chesterfiki.d, t., Burlington co., N. J., 12 n. E. Mount Holly. The surface is level ; .soil sandy, mixed with clay and loam. Drained by Crosswick's and Black creeks, tributaries of Del- aware r., which bounds it on the w. It contains the V. of Bordentown. It has 22 stores, cap. $58,000; 2 distilleries, 3 grist m. Cap. in manu- fac. ,$55,900. 11 sch. 5.57 .scholars. Pop. 3,43:^. Chesterfield, p-c, Macoupin co., 111., 49 s. s. w. Springfield, 821 W. Chesterfield, t., Essex co., N. Y., 150 n. Albany. It has Lake Champlain on its e. bor- der. Surface hilly and mountainous ; soil, sandy loam and clay. Drained by Ausable r. It has a landing place at Port Douglass, and the villages of Port Kent and Keeseville. It has 4 forges, 14 stores, cap. $12,200; 3 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly papers, 3 grist m., 19 saw m. Can. in manufac. $127,780. 8 sch. 447 scholars. Pop. 2,716. Chesterfield, p-o., capital of Chesterfield CO., Va., 16 s. by w. Richmond, 133 W. It con- tains a court house and a few dwellings. Chesterfield, p-v., capital of Chesterfield district, S. C, 105 n. n. e. Columbia, 435 W. Situated on the s. w. side of Thompson's cr., a branch of Great Pedee r. It contains a court house and several stores and dwellings. Chesterfield Factory, Chesterfield tovm, Cheshire co., N. H., 56 s. w. Concord, 433 W. Chester Hill, p.o., Athens co., O., 83 s. E. Columbus, 326 W. Che.ster Spri.vgs, p-o., Pikeland t., Chester CO., Pa., 72 s. e. Harrisburg, 150 W. This is a pleasant watering place. Chestertown, p-v., Chester t., Warren co., N. Y., 81 N. Albany, 456 W. It contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Meth- odist — 6 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 tannery, 1 clothier's works, 50 dwellings, and about 350 inhabitants. Che.stertown, p-v., seaport, and capital of Kent CO., Md., 54 x. e. Annapolis, 94 W. Situ- ated on the w. side of Chester r., 30 miles above its entrance into Chesapeake bay. It contains a court house, jail, 2 churches, a branch of the Uni- versity of Maryland, called Washington college, ■with a spacious edifice. A bridge here crosses Chester r. Pop. nearly 1,(M)0. Chesterville, p-t., Franklin co.. Me., 26 n. w. Augusta, 611 W. Watered by Wilson's stream, a branch of Sandy r. Incorporated in 1802. The soil is excellent, adapted to wheat. It has 2 stores, cap. §2,000; 1 fulling m., 2 tanner- ies, 3 grist ni., 2 saw \n. Capital in manufac. $2,.50<). 4 sch. 296 scholars. Pop. 1,09S. Chesterville, p-o., Potter co., Pa., 180 n. n. vv. Harrisburg, 290 W. Chesterville, p-v., Chester t., Knox co., O., 53 N. N. E. Columbus, 3S9 W. It contains 1 church, 5 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 tan- nery, 50 dwellings, 2 sch. 230 scholars, and 283 inhabitants. Chesterville, p-v, Gibson co., Tenn., 148 w'. Nashville, 830 W. Chess Springs, p-o., Tambria co., Pa., 140 w. by N. Harrisburg, 194 W. CiiETi.M.vcHEs, lake. La., betw-een Atchafa- laya and Teche rivers. It receives its waters I'rom the former, in time of high water, and dis- charges them at all seasons into it again, 15 milea above its entrance into the sea. It is 40 miles long, and from 1 to 6 broad, shallow, and sur- rounded by a low and marshy country, which is annually overflowed. ^ Chesij.vcook, lake. Me., 10 x. e. Moosehead lake. The Penobscot r. passes through it. Cheviot, p-v.. Green t., Hamilton co., O., 7 N. w. Cincinnati, 122 s. w. Columbus, 496 W. Chew's Landing, p-v., Gloucester t., Glouces- ter CO., N. J., 38 s. s. e. Trenton, 148 W. Situ- ated on the N. branch of Big Timber cr. It has 2 churches — 1 Episcopal and 1 Methodist — 3 stores, 2 grist m., and about 50 dwellings. It ex- ports considerable lumber and wood, and lias considerable business. Chewsville, p-v., Washington co., Md., 105 N. w. Annapolis, 73 W. Chicago, r.. 111., which forms the harbor of Chicago, near the s. end of Lake Michigan, is composed of two branches ; the .\., which is about 40 miles long, rises near the N. boundary of Illinois, and unites with the s. branch i of a mile from its entrance into the lake. The s. branch is only about 6 miles long, but is suffi- ciently deep to afford a secure harbor for vessels of any burden, which navigate the lake. The natural portage from the Chicago r. to the Des Plaines r., a head branch of Illinois r., is only 6 ms., and is so low that, at high water, it is often overflowed, so that boats can pass from river to river. Chicago, city, p-v., and capital of Cook co., 111., 204 N. N. E. Springfield, 717 W. It is beau- tifully situated on level ground, sufficiently ele- vated to secure it from ordinary floods, on both sides of a r. of the same name, between the junc- tion of its N. and s. branches and its entrance into Lake Michigan, a distance of i of a mile. It ex- tends along the lake shore for a mile. The r. is here from 50 to 75 yards wide, and from 15 to 25 feet deep. The bar at the mouth has only about 3 feet of water. An artificial harbor has been made by the construction of pier.s, which extend on each side of the entrance of the river for some distance mto the lake, to prevent the accumula- tion of sand upon the bar. It contains the county buildings, a U. S. land office, 8 churches — 2 Presbyterian, 1 Methodist, 1 Baptist, 1 Episcopal, I Universalis!, 1 Unitarian, and 1 Roman Cath olic — an academy, a fire insurance company, and water works. Numerous steamboats and vessels ply between this place and Buffalo, and the various intermediate places on the upper lakes. Back of the city, toward the Des Plaines r., is a fertile prairie, which for the first 3 or 4 miles is elevated and dry. Along the n. branch of the Chicago and the lake shore are extensive bodies of fine timber. White pine lumber is ob- tained from the regions about Green bay and (iraiid r., in Michigan, and across the lake from St. Joseph's r. Tlie canal now in progress from this place to the Illinois r. will add to its impor- tance and business. It is 60 feet wide at top, and 6 feet deep, 105 ms. in length, including a feeder of 4 ms., and 5 ms. of river navigation, and is es- timated to cost $.S,654,337. The imports of the place amount to over $3,500,000. It had in 1840, 4 foreign commission houses, wiih a capital of .$35,3(K); 97 retail stores, cap. $400,300 ; 11 lum- ber yards, cap. $38,900 ; 1 furnace, cap. $20,000 ; 1 distillery, 2 flouring m., 3 printing offices, 1 bindery, 2 daily and 2 weekly newspapers, and 1 periodical, 14 brick and stone houses, and 41 CHI 125 CHI wooden houses, built during the year, and cost $57,500. Cap. in manufac. $61,950. 11 sell. 397 scholars. Pop. 4, 170. Chichester, p-t., Merrimac co., N. H., 8 e. Concord, 489 W. The surface is generally level ; soil, good, with little waste land. First settled in 1758. Watered by Suncook r., which affords * water power. A Congregational church was or- ganized in 1791. It has 4 stores, cap. $-2,5;10; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $1,755. 8 sch. 390 scholars. Pop. 1,028. Chickahominv, r., Va., rises about 25 ms. n. w. llichmond, and forms the boundary between several counties, and after a course of 60 ms. it enters James r. 37 ms. above Point Comfort. Chick.\hominy, p-o., Hanover co., Va., 13 n. Richmond, 122 W. Chickal.\ck, p-o., Pope co., Ark., 80 n. w. Little Rock, 1,145 W. CHicK.\MAnG.\, r., in the n. w. part of Ga., en- ters Tennessee r. in the state of Tennessee, a few miles above Lookout mountain. Chickapee, r., Ms., rises in Worcester co., and runs s. w. into Connecticut r., in the n. part of Springfield. Chickapee Falls, p-v., Springfield t., Hamp- den CO., Ms., 87 w. s. w. Boston, 368 W. Situa- ted on the E. side of Chickapee r., 2 ms. from its entrance into the Connecticut, and is a flourish- ing manufacturing village. It has 3 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Congregational, 1 Methodist — 4 cot- ton fac, and 1 paper fac. Chickasaw, county, Miss. Situated toward the N. part of the state, and contains 970 sq. ms. Watered by Yallo Busha r. and Oktibbeha cr. Capital, Houston. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 6,371, sheep 704, swine 8,286 ; wheat 3,801 bush, produced, Ind. corn 129,280, oats 5,151, potatoes 6,034, rice 3,775 pounds, tobacco 12,286, cotton 338,548 ; 2 stores, cap. $8,500 ; 4 sch. 93 scholars. Pop. whites 2,148, slaves 806, free cold 1 ; total, 2,955. Chickasaw, p-o., Mercer co., O., 102 w. n. w. Columbus, 496 W. Chickasawha, p-o., Clarke co. Miss., 154 e. by s. Jackson, 965 W. Chickasawha, r.. Miss. (See Pascagoula.) Chicot, coimty, Ark. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and contains 1,800 sq. ms. Drained by Bartholomew, Boeuff, and Macon rivers. The surface is level, and some of it lia- ble to submersion ; the .«oil is various, some of it very fertile, and some barren. Capital, C olum- bia. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,494, sheep 564, swine 9,848; Ind. corn 179,580 bush, produced, oats 1,170, potatoes 15,040, cotton 1,114,622 pounds; 53 grist m., 1 sch. 13 scholars. Pop. 1830, 1,165 ; 1840, wliites 1,105, slaves 2,6'J8, free col'd 3 ; total, 3,806. Chicktawaga, t, Erie co., N. Y., 6 e. Buffalo, 278 w. Albany. The surface is undulating, soil productive. Watered by Cayuga and Cazenove creeks, head branches of Buffalo cr. It contains an Indian reservation, belonging to the Seneca tribe, in the s. part. It has 1 distillery, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,800. 3 sch. 78 scholars. Pop. 1,137. Childsburg, p-v., Fayette co., Ky., 32 e. Frankfort, 530 W. Chilesburg, p-o., Caroline co., Va., 85 n. Richmond. 79 W. Chilhowee, p-o., Blount CO., Tenn., 197 e. by s. Nashville, 540 W. Chili, p-t., Monroe co., N. Y., 10 s. w. Ro- chester, 224 w. by n. Albany, 379 W. The sur- face is undulating ; soil, a fertile clay loam. Drained by Black cr., a branch of Genesee r.. which runs on its e. border. It has 4 stores, rap. $18,500; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 flouring m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $36,350. 15 sch. 765 scholars. Pop. 2,174. Chili, p o., Coshocton co., O., 92 n. e. Colum- bus, 340 W. Chili, p-v., Hancock co.. 111., 109 w. n. w. Springfield, 8-12 W. Chilicotiie, p-v., city, capital of Ross co., O., 45 s. Columbus, 400 W. It is handsomely situ- ated on the w. bank of Scioto r., in Scioto t. Its plan has been thought to resemble that of Phila- delphia. The Scioto washes its northern limit, and Paint cr. its southern, here i of a mile a part. The principal streets follow the course of the r., and these are crossed by others at right angles, extending from the r. to the cr. The two main streets, which cross each other at right angles at the centre of the t., are 99 feet v^ide. Water street, which fronts the r., is 82^ feet wide ; the other streets are 66 wide. Founded in 1796. It has a court house and jail, 2 market houses, a U. S. Land office, 23 stores, an elegant banking house, 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Associate Reformed, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist — 2acad. 85 students. Pop. 3,977. In the midst of the v. was an ancient mound, now removed to give place for buildings. The Ohio canal passes through it. On the w. side of the v. is a hill rising abruptly to the height of 300 feet, from which there is a beautiful and extensive view of the place, and the surrounding country. Chilicotiie, p-v., capital of Livingston co., Mo., 150 N. w. Jefferson city, 1,053 W. Situated 3i ms. from the junction of the E. and W. Forks of Grand r., on a prairie. It contains a court house and jail. It has 2 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 614. Chiltcothe, p-v., Peoria co.. 111., 83 n. Spring- field, 802 W. It is situated at the upper end of Peoria Lake. CniLLisauAQUE, p-t., Northumberland co.. Pa., 65 N. Harrisburg, 482 W. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 gri.st m. Cap. in manufac. $7,750. 4 sch. 198 scholars. Pop. 1,399. CiiiL.MARK, p-t., Dukes CO., Ms., 100 s. s. e. Boston, 482 W. It is situated in the s. w. part of the island of Martha's Vineyard. At the w. end of the t. is a peninsula, owned in part by the native Indians, on the n. w. point of which is the promontory called Gay Head, which projects into the sea, 150 feet above its level, on the summit of which is a light-house. In the s. w. part of the t. is a projecting point denominated Squib- nocket. There are 3 churches — 2 Congrega» tional and 1 Methodist. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,100; 1 woollen fac, 2 grist m. Cap. in man- ufac. $1,375. 4 sch. 135 scholars. Population, 702. Chilo, p-v., Franklin t., Clermont co., O., 123 s. w. Columbus, 483 W. Situated on the n. bank of the Ohio r. It was called Mechanicsburg until 1820. Chimney Point, p-o., Addison t., Addison co., Vt., 86 s. w. Montpelier, 482 W. It lies on Lake Champlaui, nearly opposite lo Ticonderoga, N. York. China, p-t., Kennebec co.. Me., 21 e. by n. Augusta, 616 W. Watered by a fine small lake, called Twelve Mile Pond, the outlet of which flows into a branch of the Kennebec, and affords good mill seats. The v. is pleasantly situated on the margin of this lake, and has a steam saw m., and an academy. The t. produces good wheat. It has 9 stores, cap. $22,100 ; 1 fulling m., 3 tan- neries, 4 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac cm 126 CHO 1,'230 $'i3,785. 1 acad. 155 students, 23 sch scholars. Pop. 'J,675. Chin.\, p-t., Wyoming co., N. Y , 273 w. Alba- ny, 348 W. The surface is undulating, and tlie soil, clay loam, well adapted to grass. Drained by Clear cr., a branch of Tattaraugus rr. It has 4 stores, cap. $10,5tX); 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap in mann- fac. $15,300. 15 sch. 568 scholars. Population, 1,437. Cni.N'A, p-t., St. Clair co., Mich., 31 n. n. e. Detroit, 575 W. Belle r. passes through its \. e. corner ; drained on the s. by Swan cr. It lias 2 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $3,000 ; 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,400. Pop. 610. China Grove, p-o.. Rowan co., N. C, 123 w. by s. Raleigh, 365 W. China Grove, po., Williamsburg dist., S. C- 131 E. s. E. Columbia, 476 W. China Grove, p-o., Pilve co., Ala., 149 s. e Tuscaloosa, 800 W. China Grove, p-o., Pike co., Miss., 101 s Jackson, 1,081 W. China Grove, p-o., Gibson co., Term., 140 w. Nashville, 824 W. China Hill, p-c, Gadsden co., Flor. Chinnebee, p-o., Taladega co., Ala. Chippewa, county, Mich. Situated in the n part of the state, iu the n. peninsula, and con- tains 2,000 .sq. ms. Bounded N. by Lake Supe- rior, E. by Saint Mary's river, and s. by Macki naw county. It contained in 1840, 83 neat cattle, 14 sheep, 48 swine ; and produced 322 bushels of oats, 3,065 of potatoes, 9,870 pounds of sugar, 2,535 barrels of pickled fish, capital $11,550, furs $3,300. It had 7 stores, capital Si34,300, 1 saw mill, 2 schoole, 81 scholars. Pop. 534. Chippewa, river. Wis. It rises on the boun- dary line between Mifhigan and Wisconsin ; in- terlocking sources with Montreal r., of Lake Su- perior, and pursuing a southern course, it receives several streams, outlets of lakes, and Red Cedar r., when, after a course of 150 ms., it enters the Mississippi immediately below Lake Pepin. Chippewav, t., Beaver co., Pa., 7 n. w. Beaver. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 4 sch. 125 scholars. Pop. 610. Chippewa, p-t., Wayne co., O., 113 n. e. Co- lumbus, 18 n. e. Wooster, 336 W. The soil is fertile and well cultivated. The v. is known on the records by the name of Doyleslown, but the p-o. by that of Chippewa. It has 3 stores, cap. $5,500 ; 1 tannery, 3 flouring m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $19,595. 2 sch. 64 scholars. Pop. 1,787. Chippewayan Mountains, is a name often given to the great spine of North America, ex- tending from the isthmus of Darien to the Arctic ocean. That portion of it which lies within the United States, is generally called the Rocky Mountains. From these mountains flow the great western tributaries of the Mississippi. Chisholm's Stork, p-o., 3Iontgomcry co., N. C, 131 w. s. w. Raleigh, 398 W. Chittenango, p-o., Sullivan t., Madison co., N. Y., 120 w. N. w. Albany, 352 W. Situated 1 m. s. of the Erie canal, with wliich it is connected by a side-cut. It contains 10 stores, 3 churches — 1 Reformed Dutch, 1 Presbyterian, and 1 Metho- dist — 1 woollen fac, 1 flouring m., 2 water lime fac, 180 dwellings, and about 1,000 inhabitants. The Syracu.se and Utica railroad passes near the v., where is a depot. There is a mineral spring 1 m. s. of the v., the chief ingredients of which are sulphate of lime and magnesia, and sulphu- retted hydrogen gas, which is useful in several complaints. Chittenango, cr., rises in Nelson t., M.adi.'^on CO., and flows n. into Oneida lake, furnisliing water power. Chittende.n, county, Vt. Situated toward the N. w. part of Vt., and contains 500 sq. miles. * Onion r. pusses through its centre ; and between Burlington and Colchester, at Winooski city, is a fall of about 20 feet, affording extensive water power. The Lamoille r. passes through its n. w. corner, and Laplot^e, a small r., passes through its s. part. Lake Champlain bounds it on the w. The soil varies from a light sand to a strong clay loam, and a rich alluvion. A part of it was origi- nally covered with a heavy growth of white pine, but the greater part with maple, beech, and other hard woods. The surface near the lake shore is level, but becomes uneven and mountainous to- ward tlie E. (Capital, Burlington. There were in 1840, neat cattle 24,142, sheep 110,774, swine 25,310 ; wheat 29,502 bush, produced, rye 31,370, Ind. com 119,087, buckwheat 11,.575, barley 1,305, oats 131,799, potatoes 522,792, silk cocoons 137 pounds, sugar 177,:i43; 87 stores, capital $490,83t) ; 3 lumber yards, cap. $26,000 ; 1 rope fhc, 11 fulling m., 10 woollen fac, 17 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 brewery, 1 glass fac, 1 pottery, 10 grist m., .58 saw m., 2"paperfac., 3 printing offices, 1 bindery, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manu- fac. $362,983. 1 college, 101 students, 3 acad. 256 students, 144 sch. 3,170 scholars. Pop. 1830, 21,765; 1840,22,977. Chittende.n, p-t., Rutland co., Vt., 12 n. by E. Rutland, 40 s. by w. Montpelier. It lies on the Green Mountains. Chartered in 1780. Wa- tered by Philadelphia r., a branch of Otter Creek, on the w., and by Tweed r., which flows into White r. e. ; and it therefore occupies the heiglit of land between Connecticut r. and Lake Champlain. It has 1 furnace. 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,300 ; 7 sch. 163 scholars. Pop. 644. Chocchu.ma, p-v., Tallahatchee co.. Miss., 113 .N. .lackson, 994 \V. Situated on the E. side of Yallo Busha r. ("hoconut, p-t., Susquehanna co.. Pa., 189 n. N. E. Harrisburg, 299 W. It has 4 stores, capital $13,300. 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 grist in., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,700. I acad. 100 students, 7 sch. 175 scholars. Pop. 962. Choctaw, county. Miss., situated a little n. of the centre of the state, and contains 920 sq. ms. Drained by the head branches of Big Black r. Capital, Greensboro. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 10,424, sheen 2,003, swine 36,173 ; wheat 4,006 bush, produceu, Ind. com 276,202, oats 2,820, po- tiitoes 16,473, cotton 775,685 pounds ; 4 stores, cap. ,$2(),IMK) ; 15 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $38,400. 15 sch. 303 scholars. Pop. whites 4,443, slaves 1,564, free col'd 3; total, 6,010. Choctaw Agency, po., Oktibbeha co.. Miss., 117 N. E.Jackson, 909 VV. Choctaw Agency, p-o., Choctaw Nation, Ark., 166 w. by N. Little Rock, 1,231 W. Choctawhatchee, r., rises in Alabama, and after a course of 130 ms. flows into a bay of the same name in Florida. Choice's Store, p-o., Gwinnett co., Ga., 96 N. w. Milledgeville, 667 W. Choptank, r., Md., on the e. shore, is formed by 2 main branches, one of which rises in Del. It empties into a large estuary in Chesapeake bay, and is navigable for sloops 40 miles from its mouth. CHR 127 CIN Chota, p-o., 31onroe co., Tenn., 188 e. s. e. Nashville, 3 yW. Chowan, r., N. C, is formed by the union o*" NottaWLiy, Meherrin, and Blaekwater rs., which rise and run chiefly in Virginia. It flows into Albemarle Sound, a little n. of the mouth of the lloanoke. It is navigable, on tlie Meherrin branch, for large vessels to 3Iurfree.sboro, m the N. part of the county of Hertford, near the line of Virginia. Chowan, county, N. C. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, having Chowan r. on the w., and Albemarle sound on the s., and contains 200 sq. ms. The surface is level, and the soil produc- tive. Capital, Edenton. Tiiere were in 1840, neat cattle 4,13:), sheep 1,387, swine 15,541 ; wheat 15,319 bush, produced, rye 743, Ind. corn 282,209, oats 13,962, potatoes 3J,3,S7, cotton 1,267,297 pounds, 3 com. houses in for. trade, cap. $6,000; 21 stores, cap. $115,4(X); cap. invested in fisheries, $69,697 ; 2 tanneries, 44 distilleries, 1 flouring ra., 14 grist m., 9 saw m., 2 printing of- fices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $70,020. 2 acad. 143 students, 12 sch. 214 schol- ars. Pop. 1830, 6,688 ; 1840, whites 2,865, slaves 3,663, free col'd 160 ' total, 6,693. Christian, county, Ky. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 612 sq. ms. The land in the n. part is poor, but covered with tim- ber; m the s. w. are fertile barrens, as they are called. The soil is a fertile clay, and produces tobacco, corn, wheat, &c. It is the 3d county in wealth in the state. Watered by Little r. and its branches, and Pond and Tradewater rs. Capital, Hopkinsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 15,053, sheep 18,196, swine 52,656 ; wheat 103,833 bush, produced, rye 13,284, Ind. corn 1,022,850, oats 290,585, potatoes 22,846, hemp and flax 177 tons, tobacco 3,409,502 pounds, cotton 43,040, sugar 19,190, bituminous coal 11,475 bushels ; 31 stores, cap. $136,875 ; 8 tanneries, 19 distille- ries, 3 potteries, 13 flouring m., 23 grist m., 13 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspa- per. Cap. in manulac. $S1,640. 4 acad. 231 students, 19 schools, 517 scholars. Population, whites 9,491, slaves 5,997, free col'd 99; total, 15,587. Christian, county. 111. Situated in the cen- tral part of the state, contains 350 sq. ms. Sur- face level, soil rich. Drained by South Fork of Sangamon and branches. Capital, Edinburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,069, sheep 2,571, swine 10,773; wheat 8.821 bush, produced, Ind. corn 159,112, oats 23,203, potatoes 5,377, to- bacco 4,910 pounds ; 2 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 1 tan- nery, 3 distilleries, 8 grist m., 7 sawm. Cap. in manufac. $11,280. 6 sch. 155 scholars. Popula- tion 1,87S. Christian, t., Independence co., Ark. Pop. 425. Christiana, r. orcr., has its head branches in Pa. and Md., and flows into the Brandy wine at Wilmington. It is navigable for vessels drawing 9 feet water to Newport, and those requiring 6 feet to Christiana-bridge, 9 miles above Wilming- ton. Christiana, p-h.. New Castle co., Del., 85 n. by w. Dover, 102 W. The v. is generally called Christiana Bridge, situated on Christiana cr., 9 s. w. Wilmington. It has an active trade with Philadelphia in flour. It has 3 cotton fac. 8,560 sp., 26 powder m., 2 flouring m., 5 grist m., 7 saw m. Capital in manufactures, $344,250. 1 acad- emy, 9 students, 9 schools, 702 scholars. Popu- lation, 3,725. I Christians, p-o., Edgefield dist., S. C, 56 w. I Columbia, 534 W. I Chris TiANSBUKG, pv., capital of Montgomery CO., Va., 203 w. s. w. Richmond, 271 W. It con- tains a court house, jail, and oihcr comity build- ings, 2 churches — 1 Presbyterian and 1 Metho- dist — 5 siores, 2 tanneries, and various mechanic shops. Pop. 335, of whom 230 arc white and 105 colored. Christiansburg, p v., Shelby co., Ky., 13 w by N. Frankfort, 555 W. Christia.\sburg, p-v., Jackson t.. Champaign CO., O., 60 w. by n. Columbus, 454 W. Christiaxsville, p-v., Mecklenburg CO., Va. 97 s. w. Richmond, 210 W. CiiRisTiANsviLLE, p-v., Carroll CO., Tenn., 113 w. Nashville, 798 W. Christy's Prairie, p-o.. Clay co., la., 70 w. s. w. Indianapolis, 641 W. Chrystal Lake, p-o., Henry co., 111., 216 n. by w. Springfield, 768 W. Chuckatuck, p-v., Nansemond co., Va., 75 s. E. Richmond, 208 W. Situated on Chuckatuck cr., 8 miles from its entrance into James r. It contains a Methodist church, 3 stores, 1 cotton fac, 30 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. The r. is navigable to this place. Chucky Bend, p-o., Jefferson co., Tenn., 234 E. Nashville, 462 W. Chulahoma, p-o., Marshall co., Miss., 184 n. by E. Jackson, 907 W. Church "'reek, p-o., Dorchester co., Md., 69 s. E. Annapolis, 109 W. Church Grove, p-o., Knoxco., Tenn., 195 e. Nashville, 496 W. Church Hill, p-v., Queen Anne co., Md., 43 E. Annapolis, 88 W. Situated on the s. e. branch of Chester r. Churchill, p-o., Trumbull co., O., 182 n. e. Columbus, 296 W. (^HURCH Hill, po., Halifax co., Va., 141 s. w Richmond, 228 W. Church Hill, p-v., Abbeville dist., S. C, 109 w, Columbia, 546 W. Church Hill, p-o., Lowndes co., Ala., 102 s. s. E. Tuscaloosa, 863 W. Church Hill, p-o., Jefferson co.. Miss., 104 s. w. Jackson, 1,114 W. Churchillsville, p-v.. Dearborn co., la., 77 S. E. Indianapolis, 527 W. Churchtowx, p-v., Lancaster co.. Pa., 52 e. by s. Harrisburg, 130 W. Churchville, p-v., Riga t., Monroe co., N. Y., 234 w. N. w. Albany, 381 W. Situated on the line of the Tonawanda railroad, and contains 3 stores, 2 churches, a sleani woollen fac, 45 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Churchville, p-v., Harford co., Md., 61 n. Annapolis, 71 W. Churchville, v., Clark Co., Mo. Situated on the w. bank of Mississippi r., at the entrance of the Des Moines r. Cicero, p-t., Onondaga co., N. Y. 140 w. n. w. Albany, 358 W. Oneida lake forms its n. e. boundary. Drained by the < 'hittenango cr. The surface is level, and the soil good. The v. con- tains 2 churches — 1 Presbyterian and 1 Baptist — 4 stores, 40 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Pop. of the t. 2,464. Cicero, p-t., Hamilton co., la., 32 n. Indian- apolis, 570 W. Pop. 389. Cincinnati, a city, port of entry, and capi- tal of Hamilton co., O., 116 s. w. Columbus, 492 W. Cincinnati, the most populous city w. of the Alleghany mountains, and the sixth in the United States, is situated on the Ohio r., near the s. w. comer of the state of Ohio, in Hamilton co., 504 ms., by the course of the river, above its junction with the Mississippi. It is in 39° 6' 30" n. lat., CIN 128 CIN and 84° 27' w. long, from Greenwicli, and 7° 24' 45" w. from W. It is 116 s. vv. from Colum- bus; 230 Cleveland; 120 Indianapolis ; 270i\ash- ville, Tenn.; 8(J0 New Orleans; 330 St. Louis; 105 Louisville; 518 Baltimore; 298 Pittsburgh; 617 Philadelphia; 492 Washington ; 900 from'N. York, by Lake Erie, and 600 from Charleston, 8. C. In 1795 it contained 500 inhabitants ; in 1800, 750; in 1810, 2,540; in 1820, 9,642; in 1831, 24,831; in 1810, 46,33S. Besides this, there is estimated to be a floating population of from 2,000 to 3,000. Engaged in commerce, 2,226 ; in man- ufactures and trades, 10,866; learned professions, 434. It is built on an elevated plain, on the N. bank of the Ohio, 540 feet above tide water at Albany, and 25 feet below the level of Lake Erie ; but low water mark is 432 above tide wa- ter, and 133 below the level of Lake Erie. The shore of the Oliio here forms a good landing for boats at all seasons of the year, the principal landing being i)aved to low water mark, in a substantial manner, and supplied with floating wharves, rendered necessary by the great rise and fall of the river at different times. The de- scent from the upper part of (Cincinnati to low water mark on the Ohio, is 108 feet. The city is near the eastern extremity of a pleasant valley, about 12 miles in circumference, skirted to the N. by a circular ridge of hills, the summits of which are not more than 300 feet above the plant, but of picturesque appearance. The ground on which the city stands consists of two plains, the rear one elevated 50 or 60 feet above the front, though the ascent, by grading, has been exten- sively reduced to a gradual slope. The view of the city is beautiful from the hills in the rear; but as approached by water, it is neither exten- sive nor commanding. Excepting on the margin of the river, it is reg- ularly laid out in streets and alleys, crossing each other at right angles. The streets running e. and w. are denominated, proceeding from the river. First, Second, &c., wliile those running n. and s. are named after the native trees, as Walnut, Syc- amore, &c. Main-street extends from the steam- boat landing on the river directly n. to the north- ern boundary of the city. 14 streets, 7 in each direction, are 66 feet wide, and 3J6 feet apart. The central portion of the city is compactly built, with handsome houses and stores ; but the ex- tensive plan, in its outer parts, is but partially built up, and the houses are irregularly scattered. Many of the streets are well paved, and exten- sively shaded by trees. The houses are gene- rally of stone or brick. The climate is changea- ble, and subject to considerable extremes of heat and cold, but is, on the whole, healthy. The court house, on 3Iain-street, is 56 by 60 feet, and 120 feet high, to the top of the dome. The edifice of the Franklin and La Fayette banks of Cincinnati has a splendid portico of 8 Doric columns, after the model of the Parthenon at Athens, but is in a confined situation. It is 79 feet long, and 69 feet deep, exclusive of the por- tico. Several of the churches are fine specimens of architecture, and a number of the hotels are spacious and elegant. There are 4 market houses, a bazaar, a theatre, a college, an Athenajum, a medical college, a mechanics' institute, 2 muse- ums, a lunatic assylum, a high school, and a number of large and commodious houses for pub- lic schools. Within the last year 800 buildings have been erected, among which are many large warehouses and stores, and several beautiful churches. Cincinnati College was founded in 1819 and had, in 1840. 8 instructors, and 84 students. It has academical, medical, and law departments. The 3Iedical College of Ohio has trustees a|j- poiiited by the legislature every 3 years, and it has 8 professors, and 130 students. The College of Professional Teachers was formed in 1832, and has for its object the improvement of schools in the western country, and holds an annual meet- ing in October. The Mechanics' Institute is formed for tlie improvement of mechanics in sci- entific knowledge, by means of popular lectures and mutual instruction. It has a valuable philo- sophical apparatus, a respectable library, and a reading-room, much frequented by young men. The Cincinnati Lyceum furnishes an instructive and fashionable place of resort to the citizens, by its popular lectures and debates througli the win- ter season. It has a good library and a reading- room. The Athenffium is a respectable literary institution, under the direction of the Catholics, in which the mathematics, philosophy, and the classics, as well as the modern languages, are taught by competent professors. It has over 70 students, and a large and splendid edifice. The Lane Seminary, at Walnut Hills, 2 miles from the city, has 3 professors, 61 students, and a li- brary of 10,300 volumes. It has a literary as well as theological department. W\iodvvard High School, named after its founder, gives edu- cation, in part gratuitously, to a large number of students. It has 4 instructf)rs, and a large and commodious building. There is a great number of respectable private schools, and 20 public schools for males and females, in which there are 2,000 pupds. There are 43 churches in Cin- cinnati, of which 3 are old school Presbyterian, 4 new school Presbyterian, 2 Scots Presbyte- rian, 2 Episcopal, 3 Baptist, 7 Methodist, 2 Pro- testant Methodist, 2 Catholic, 2 Friends, and va- rious others. Cincinnati is an extensive manufacturing place. Its destitution of water power has been exten- sively compensated by the employment of steam mills. There were in 1840, 42 foreign commer- cial and 36 commission houses, with a capital of $5,200,000; 1,035 retail stores, with a capital of .$12,877,000; 19 lumber yards, capital $133,000; 245 persons were engaged in internal transporta- tion, who, with 790 butchers, packers, &c., em- ployed a capital of $4,071,930; 14 furnaces, cap. $478,000 ; value of machinery manufactured, $545,000 ; hardware, cutlery, &c., $289,000 ; pre- cious metals, $48,000 ; various other metals, $713,000; 4 woollen fac, cap. $39,000; 1 cotton fac, cap. $6,000; tobacco manufactures, capital $61,000; 13 tanneries, cap. $156,0(X); manufac- tures of leather, as saddleries, &c., cap. $5.52.000 ; 2 distilleries, and 6 breweries, with a capital of $152,(XW; paints, drugs, &c., cap. $26,000; 4 rope walks, cap. $31,000; carriages and wagons, cap. $6^,000; 10 flouring m., 8 saw m., 2 oil m., total cap. $367,000 ; vessels built, value, $403,000 ; fur- niture amounted to $ 159,000 ; 264 brick and stone, and 74 wooden houses built, cost $1,196,000; 32 printing olliccs, 13 biinlerics, produced 3,800 daily newspapers, 33,100 weekly, 1,800 semi-weekly, and 17,200 periodicals, witii a capital of $266,000. Total cap. in inanufuc. $7,169,912. 2 colleges, 80 students, 2 acad. 120 students, 51 sch. 5,443 scholars. There were 5 incorjxjrated and 2 un- incorporated banks, with an aggregate capital of nearly $6,000,000. From many directions, good roads converge to this place, and bring the rich products of the sur- rounding country to this market. The Miami railroad extends from Cincinnati 85i miles to Springfield. The Miami canal extends from Cin- cinnati 178 miles to Defiance, where it joins the CLA 129 CLA Wabash and Erie canal. The internal trade of Cincinnati is thus very extensive. The tonnage of the port in 1840, was 12,052. There are 7 daily papers, which are also issued weekly or tri-weekly ; 8 weekly papers, a large number of magazines, issued semi-monthly or monthly, and a number of religious magazines, published monthly. The municipal government of the city consists of a president, recorder, and 21 councillors — 3 for each of the 7 wards mto which the city is divided. Cincinnati was founded in 1789, by emigrants from New England and New Jersey, on the site of Fort Washington. It has grown with great rapidity, and now ranks as the sixth place in population in the United Stales ; and, it being the great emporium of the West, it must continue to increase with the growth of the rapidly rising country with wliich it is connected. ClNCINNATt, v., Ralls CO., Mo., 101 N. N. E Jefferson City, 933 W. Situated on the n. bank of Salt r. CiNCiNNATUS, p-t., Cortlandt co., N. Y., 128 w. by s. Albany, 327 W. The surface is hilly, and the soil productive. Watered by Ostelic cr. and its tributaries. The village is situated on the or., and contains 2 churches — 1 Presbyterian and 1 Baptist — 6 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 tannery, 60 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants. Pop. of the t. 1,301. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $14,200; 1 furnace, 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,550. 8 sch. 545 scholars. CiNNAMiNSON, p-o., Burlington co., N. J. CiRCLEviLLE, p-0., Loudon CO., Va., 145 n. Richmond, 44 W. CiRCLEviLLE, p-t., capital of Pickaway co., O., 26 s. Columbus, 396 W. Tlie v. was laid out in 1810 on the site of an ancient fortification. It lies on the E. bank of the Scioto r. The Ohio canal passes through the place, and here crosses the r. in a fine aqueduct. The streets are regular, and cross each other at right angles, and the v. is divided into 350 towTi lots, besides 5 circular and triangu- lar acres of ground, appropriated to pubhc uses. It has an elegant brick octagonal court house, a jail, a market house, 6 public offices in a brick row, 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Lutheran, and 1 Methodist ; 13 stores, 5 canal warehouses, an academy, about 250 dwellings, and about 2,000 inhabitants. The country around is very fertile, and a great water power is con- centrated at this place, by several creeks, and by the canal. There are in the town 15 stores, cap. $62,000; 1 fulling m., 1 furnace, 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 brewery, 3 printing offices, 2 binde- ries, 2 weekly and 1 semi-weekly newspapers, 1 flouring m., 5 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $37,050. 1 acad. 15 students, 6 sch. 180 scholars. Pop. 2,972. CIRCLEVILLE, p-o., Tazewell co., 111., 54 n. Springfield, 787 W. City, p-o., Amenia t., Dutchess co., N. Y., 70 s. by E. Albany, 323 W. City Point, p-v., and port of entry, Prince George co., Va., 33 s. e. Richmond, 162W. Sit- uated on the s. side of James r., on a point formed by the jmiction of the Appomattox. James r. is navigable to this place for large ships, wliich come here to load. City West, p-v.. Porter co., la., 155 n. n. w. Indianapolis, 680 W. Situated on the shore of Lake Michigan, and has a good harbor. Civil Order, p-o., Marshall co., Tenn., 35 s Nashville, 698 W. Claiborne, county, Miss. Situated toward the s. w. part of the state, on the Mississippi r. 17 It contains 500 sq. ms. Big Black r. washes itfl N. w border. Drained by Bayou Pierre and its branches. The surface, back from the streams, is uneven, and the soil, except the alluvial on the margin of the streams, is light and sterile. A railroad leads from Port Gibson to Grand Gulf. Capital, Port Gibson. There were in 1840, neat cattle 15,073, sheep 6,527, swine 22,475 ; rye 585 bush, produced, Ind. corn 353,875, oats 5,425, po- tatoes 29,935, cotton 11,996,910 pounds ; 10 com- mission houses in foreign trade, cap. $61,100 ; 43 stores, cap. $326,450 ; 1 tannery, 168 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $92,600. 1 college, 72 students, 3 acad. 71 students, 9 sch. 183 scho- lars. Pop. 1830, 9,787 ; 1840, whites 3,232, slaves 9,753, free col'd 93 ; total, 13,078. Claiborne, parish. La., situated in the N. w. part of the state, and has Red r. on its w. border, and the state of Arkansas on the n. It has Lakes Bisteneau and Bodeau. Drained by branches of Red and Wachitta rs. Most of the parish con- sists of a light pine land, but the soil on the streams is better, and covered with hard wood. Capital, Overton. It has 4 acad. 112 students, 11 schools, 217 scholars. Pop. whites 3,846, free col'd 44, slaves 2,295 ; total, 6,185. Claiborne, county, Tenn. Situated toward the n. e. part of the state, and contains 580 scj. ms. The surface is mountainous. Powell's r. runs through its centre, and Clinch river on its s. border, and both are head branches of Tennessee r. Capital, Tazewell. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,236, sheep 9,214, swine 30,909; wheat 37,288 bushels produced, rye 2,232, Indian corn 540,724, oats 126,248, potatoes 15,027, tobacco 23,850 pounds, cotton 5,595, sugar 34,660 ; 8 stores, cap. $67,500 ; 2 furnaces, 7 forges, 8 tanneries, 39 distilleries, 2 powder m., 10 llouring mills, 14 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. ui manufac. $5,800. 12 sch. 276 scholars. Pop. 1830, 8,470 ; 1840, whites 8,765, slaves 624, free col'd 85 ; total, 9,474. Claiborne, p-v., Monroe co., Ala., 138 s. Tus- caloosa, 930 W. Situated on the e. side of Ala- bama r., at the head of schooner navigation. Claiborne, t., Union county, O. It has 4 sch 110 scholars. Pop. 497. Claiborneville, p-v., Yazoo co.. Miss., 57 n Jackson, 1,046 W. Clapp's, p-o., Guilford co., N. C, 68 w. n. w. Raleigh, 311 W. Clappville, p-v., Leicester t., Worcester co, Mass., 50 w. by s. Boston, 390 W. Situated on the head waters of Quinebaug river. It has 2 churches — 1 Episcopal and 1 Baptist — 3 woollen fac, 1 scythe fac, and several dwellings. Clara, t.. Potter co.. Pa. It has 1 saw mill. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. Pop. 61. Claremont, p-t, Sullivan co., N. H., 49w. by N. Concord, 464 W. It lies on Connecticut river, which bounds it on the w. Watered by Sugar r. The surface is undulating ; soil, fertile gravelly loam, with rich intervales on the rivers, t'har- tered in 1764. Iron ore and limestone are foimd here. It is a prosperous agricultural town, with some manufactures. It has 4 churches — 1 Con- gregational, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Metho- dist. The principal v. is on Sugar r., 4 E. Con- necticut r., where are 2 of the churches, and sev- eral mills. There are in the t. 8 stores, capital $82,000 ; 1 furnace, 4 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 350 sp., 2 tanneries, 2 paper fac, 2 printing offices, 1 weekly newspaper, 4 grist m., 8 saw m., 17 sch. 1,015 scholars. Pop. 3,217. Claremont, p-v., Pickens dist., S. C, 162 n. w. Columbia, 560 W. Clarence, p-t., Erie co., N. Y., 270 w. Alba- ny, 390 W. The surface is undulating; soil, CLA 130 CLA clay, sandy, and calcareous loam, well adapted to grain. Drained by Ransom's and Tonawanda creeks. Organized in 1808. At the v. is 1 Meth- odist church, and 40 dwellings. It has 7 stores, capital $22,800 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,400. 1 acad. 30 students, 13 8ch. 6'J8 scholars. Pop. 2,271. Clarence, p-o., Calhoun co., Mich. Cl.\rem)0.n, p-t., Rutland co., Vt., 70 s. s. w. Montpelicr, 449 W. Chartered in 1761. Water- ed by Otter or. and its branches. The lands on the streams are very productive. There are 3 churches — 1 Congregational and 2 Baptist. The streams aflTord water power. Marble is found here. It has 5 stores, cap. $16,200 ; 3 tanneries, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,170. 13 sch. 517 scholars. Pop. 1,549. Clarendon, p-t., Orleans co., N. Y., 243 w. by N. Albany, 3'J2 W. The surface is high, and somewhat broken ; soil, calcareous loam. Drain- ed by branches of Sandy and Oak Orchard crs. The V. contains 2 churches, 2 stores, 1 flouring m., 40 dwellings, and about 2(i0 inhabitants. There are in the t., 2 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Capital in manufac. $13,950. 16 sch. 825 scholars. Pop. 2,251. Clarendon, p-t., Calhoun co., Mich., 101 w. Detroit, 562 W. It has 3 sch. 124 scholars. Pop. 506. Clarendon, p-o., Monroe co., Ark., 60 e. Lit- tle Rock, 1,005 W. Clarendon Spri.vgs, p-o.. Clarendon t., Rut- land county, Vt., 70 s. s. w. Montpelier, 448 W. Here is a chalybeate spring, containing also car- bonate of lime, which is resorted to for its medi- cinal efficacy in several complaints. Claridon, t., Marion co., O. It has 4 stores, cap. $6,500 ; 6 sch. 240 scholars. Pop. 1,084. Claridon, p-t., Geauga co., O., 169 n. e. Co- lumbus, 30 E. Cleveland, 334 W. Watered by the head branches of Cuyahoga r. The surface is undulathig, and the soil a loam, adapted both to grain and to grazing. Cattle, butter, and cheese are exported. It has 2 stores, cap. .$3,500 ; 1 ful- ling m., 2 grist m., 3 saw m., 10 sch. 368 scholars. Pop. 897. Clarion, r.. Pa., or Great Toby's cr., rises in McKean co., and after flowing 70 ms. s. w., falls into Alleghany r. It is navigable for boats 55 ms., and for canoes about 10 ms. further. Vast quantities of lumber are sent down this river to Pittsburg, and towTis on the Ohio r. Clarion, county. Pa. Situated in the N. w. part of the state, and contains 530 sq. ms. It has the Alleghany r. on the s. w.. Red Bank cr. on the s., and drained centrally by Clarion, or To- by's r. and branches. The .southeni portion is moderately undulating and fertile, the nortlietn part, uneven and rough, abounding in iron ore and pine timber. There are 11 furnaces in the county. It was organized in 1839, from parts of Armstrong and Venango. Capital, Clarion. Clarion, p-t., and capital of Clarion co.. Pa., 184 w. .\. w. Ilarrisburg, 273 W. The surface is moderately hilly ; soil, loam. Watered by Piney, Licking, and Mill creeks, and Laurel run, which flow into Clarion r. The v. is situated on the Susquehanna and Waterford turnpike, 1 m. E. of the Clarion r. It was commenced in the pine woods, in 1840, and now has a court house, jail, an academy, 3 religious societies about erect- ing churches, viz : 1 Presbyterian, 1 Methodist, and 1 Catholic ; 5 stores, 1 10 dwellings, and 550 inhabitants. There are in the t., 6 stores, capital $25,000 ; 1 falling m., 3 tanneries, 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,030. 14 sch. 420 scholars. Pop. 2,239. Clarke, county, Va. Situated in the n. E. part of the state, and contains 223 sq. ms. The Shenandoah r. passes centrally through it. Sur- {■Ace, diversifled. It has the Blue Ridge on the E. Soil, first rate. Capital, Berry ville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,651, sheep 7,616, swuio 14,915; wheat 2rJS,104 bush, produced, rye 17.096, Ind. com 266.904, buckwheat 909, oats 90,776, potatoes 19,680, hops 388 poimds ; 4 tannerie», 5 distilleries, 5 flouring m., 11 grist m., 5 saw mills Cap. in manufac. $60,140. 8 acad. 167 students, 5 sch. 114 scholars. Pop. whites 2,867, slaves 3,325, free col'd 161 ; total, 6,353. Clarke, county, Ga. Situated centrally in the N. part of the state, and contains 414 .sq. ms. Watered by branches of Oconee river. Capital, Watkinsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,008, sheep 3,771, swine 21,754 ; wheat 41,631 bush, produced, Indian com 288,776, oats 58,915, potatoes 10,587, cotton 795,615 pounds ; 23 stores, cap. $81,780 ; 3 cotton fac. 5,630 sp., 2 dyeing and printing estab., 3 tanneries, 7 distilleries, 5 flouring m., 13 grist m., 15 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $2S5,841. 1 college, 12 students, 7 acad. 265 students, 5 schools, 170 scholars. Pop. 1830, 10,176 ; 1840, whites 5,603, slaves 4,877, free col'd 42; total, 10,522. Clarke, county, Ala. Situated between the Tombigbee and Alabama rivers, in the s. w.part of the state, and contains 1,200 sq. ms. The sur- face is uneven, and the soil indifferent, except- ing on the streams, where it is liable to be over- flowed. Capital, 3Iacon. lliere were in 1840, neat cattle 18,035, sheep 2,624, swine 28,652 ; wheat 573 bush, produced, Ind. corn 272,405, oats 13,903, potatoes 32,986, cotton 3,023,852 pounds, 23 stores, cap. $47,.500 ; 3 tarmeries, 41 grist m., 17 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,620. 5 acad. 136 students, 12 sch. 216 scholars. Pop. 1830, 7,595 ; 1840, whites 4,228, slaves 4,395, free col'd 17 ; total, 8,640. Clarke, county. Miss. Situated toward the E. border of the state, and contams 650 sq. ms. Watered by Chickasawha r. and branches. Sur- face, generally level. Capital, Quitman. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,080, sheep 1,199, swine 10,100 ; wheat 1,008 bush, produced, Ind. corn 130,360, oals 668, potatoes 33,142, rice 7,510 pounds, tobacco 1,420, cotton 1,296,200; 6 stores, cap. $9,250 ; 10 grist m., 7 saw ra. Cap. in man- ufac. $9,450. 6 sch. 107 scholars. Pop. whites 2,076, slaves 909, free col'd 1 ; total, 2,986. ('larke, county, Ky. Situated centrally in the K. part of the state, having Kentucky r. on its .s. border. It contains about 300 sq.ms. Capital, Winchester. There were in 1840, neat cattle 15,343, sheep 20,953, .swine 35,713 ; wheat 76,751 bush, produced, rye 146,511, Ind. corn 1,004,455, oats 94,770, potatoes 21,130, hemp and flax 322 tons, tobacco 82,410 pounds, sugar 71,155; 23 stores, cap. $134,800 ; 1 woollen fac, 5 tanneries, 14 distilleries. 3 rope factories, 10 flouring m., 28 grist m., 21 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 printing office. Cap. in manufac. $97,395. 2 acaa. 115 students, 23 .sch. 738 scholars. Pop. whites 6,755, slaves 3,902, free col'd 145 ; totol, 10,802. Clarke, county, O. Situated toward the s. w. part of the state, and contains 412 sq. ms. It has a very fertile soil, which is well watered by springs, and is well cultivated. Watered by Mad r., Beaver and Buck crs. The national road runs through the co., as will also the Mad r. and Lake Erie railroad. Capital, Springfield. There were in 1840, neat cattle 18,788, sheep 37,821, swine 24,235 ; wheat 172,329 bush, produced, rye 26,999, Ind. corn 592,997, buckwheat 2,055, bar- ley- 1,631, oats 229,154, hops 1,148 pounds, sugar CLA 131 CLA 22,037; 53 stores, cap. $106,250; 7 fulling m., 6 woollen fac, 10 tanneries, 27 distilleries, 1 brew- ery, 4 potteries, 23 flouring m., ISgristm., 48savv m., 9 oil m., 1 paper factory, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. !¥236,iyO. 1 acad. 60 students, 94 sch. 3,36'J scliolars. Pop. 1830, 13,074 ; 1840, 16,882. Clarke, county, la. Situated in thes. E.part of the state, on the Ohio r., and contains 400 sq. ms. Organized in 1802. The surface is rolUng. Watered by small tributaries of the Ohio. C'ap- ital, Charleston. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,632, sheep 16,759, swine 26,619 ; wheat 100,105 bush, produced, Ind. corn 336,570, barley 1,100, odts 153,586, potatoes 33,601, sugar 16,435 pounds ; 50 stores, cap. $173,250. Cap. in manufactures, $148,818. 6 aoad. 171 students, 53 sch. 1,406 scho- lars. Pop. 1830, 10,686 ; 1840, 14,595. Clarke, county, 111. Situated in the E. part of the state, and contains 1,080 sq. ms. Drained by Crane and Fox crs. and the .\. Fork of Embar- rass r. Capital, Marshall. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,154, sheep 6,281, swine 16,194; wheat 23,913 bush produced, rye 1,313, Ind. corn 349,878, buckwheat 1,108, oats 55,211, potatoes 15,781, sugar 5,840 ; 12 stores, cap. $39,175 ; 4 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 18 grist m., 20 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,268. 6 schools, 18 scholars. Pop. 7,453. Clarke, county. Mo. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 560 sq. ms. It has the Mississippi r. on the e. and the Des Moines on the N. E. Drained by Fox and VVyaconda rs. Capital, Waterloo. There were in 1850, neat cattle 2,969, sheep 2,239, swine 14,266 ; wheat 14,553 bush, produced, Indian corn 163,124, oats 25,924, potatoes 12,580, tobacco 15,347 pounds ; 1 commission house, cap. $2,000 ; 14 stores, cap. $16,320 ; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 6 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. 34,401. 1 acad. 25 students, 7 sch. 133 scholars. Pop. whites 2,423, slaves 420, free col'd 3; total, 2,816. Clarke, county. Ark. Situated toward thes. part of the state. Watered by Wachitta river, which passes through its centre, and Little Mis- souri r. on its s. border. The surface is hilly or mountainous. Excepting on the streams, the soil is sterile. Capital, Greenville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,544, sheep 642, swine 11,444 ; wheat 1,050 bu.'e 430, Ind. com 144,189, oats 18,850, potatoes 8,770, tobacco 2,430 pounds, cotton 1,396, sugar 2,772 ; 5 stores, cap. $2,750 ; 2 tanneries, 6 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $12,8S0. 6 sch. 134 scholars. Pop. 3,228. Clay, county. Mo. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, on the N. side of the Missouri r. It contains 432 sq. ms. The surface is imdula- ting, and the soil excellent. Drained by Fishing and a branch of Little Platte rivers. Capital, Liberty. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,271, sheep 18,803, swine 38,632 ; wheat 8,889 bush, produced, rye 4,382, Ind. com 570,970, oats 96,333, potatoes 26,253, tobacco 32,593 pounds ; 1 com. house, cap. $4,000; 24 stores, cap. $153,420 ; 4 tanneries, 21 distilleries, 41 grist m^ 25 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers, 1 acad. 58 students, 1 1 sch. 338 schol- ars. Pop. 1830, 5,338 ; 1840, whites 6,373, slaves 1,875, free col'd 34 ; total, 8,282. Clay, p-t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 142 w. N. w. Albany, 10 n. Syracuse, 359 W. The surface is undulating, and the soil productive, resting on saliferous sandstone. Oneida and Seneca rivers here unite to form Oswego r. It has 23 sch. 1,146 scholars. Pop. 2,852. Clay, p-t., St. Clair co., Mich., 62 n. n. e. De- troit, 586 W. It has 3 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 1 lum- ber yard, cap. $5,000 ; 1 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $10,500. Pop. 387. Clay, t., La'ayette co.. Mo. Pop. 1,305. Clay, t., Ralls co., Mo. It has 1 sch. 30 schol- ars. Pop. 1,049. Clay, t., Tuscarawas co., O. It lies 10 or 15 ms. below New Philadelphia, on both sides of the Ohio canal and Muskingum r. It has 4 stores, cap. $1,050 ; 1 tannery, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $300. 5 sch. 341 scholars. Pop. 864. Clay, t., Scioto, co., O. The bottom land on the Scioto r., which washes its w. border, is ex- tensive, and very fertile, llie upland is hilly, but well fitted for the production of grain, it has 3 sch. 96 scholars. Pop. 696. Clay, t., Ottawa co., O., 16 w. Lower San- dusky, on Portage r. Organized in 1832. Pop. 176. Clay, t., Montgomerj' co., O. It has 6 sch. 173 scholars. Pop. 1,633. (^lay, t.. Highland co., O. Pop. 783. (.'lay, t., Hamilton co., la. Pop. 730. Clay, t., Allen co., O. Pop. 435. Clay, t., Gallia co., O. It has 1 store, cap. $400 ; 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Pop. 745. Clay, t., Knox co., O. It has 1 acad. 32 stu- dents. Pop. 1,302. Clay, t.. La Grange co., la. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $800. Pop. 99. Clay, t., Owen co., la. It has 2 sch. 40 schol- ars. Pop. 804. Clay, t., Wayne co., la. It has 5 sch. 132 scholars. Pop. 923 CLE 133 CLE Claypool, p-0., Kosciusko co., la. Claysville, p-v., Washington co., Pa., 219 w. Harrisburg, 246 W. It contains a Presbyte- rian church, and about 80 buildings. It has 5 stores, cap. $12,300 ; 2 tanneries. Cap. in manu- fac. $5,550. Pop. 292. Claysville, p-v., Westland t., Guernsey co., O., 87 E. Columbus, 320 W. It lies 6 s. of the national road. It contains 1 church, 2 or 3 stores, and 25 or 30 dwellings. Claysville, p-o., Hampshire co., Va., 209 n. w. Richmond, 137 W, Claysville, p-v., Marshall co., Ala., 133 n. E. Tuscaloosa, 700 W. Situated on the n. side of Tennessee r. Claysville, p-v., Harrison co., Ky., 49 e. n. E. Frankfort, 493 W. Claysville, p-v., Washington co., la., 96 s. Indianapolis, 615 W. Clayton, county, Iowa. Situated in the n. part of the Ter., and contains about 720 sq. ms. Drained by Turkey r. Na\igable by steamboats to the junction of Volga r. These rivers afford good water power. Buck cr., Inymagill cr.. Bloody run and Yellow r. flow into tlie Mississip- pi r., in its n. part. Some lead mines have been found. The land on Turkey r. is excellent. Capital, Prairie la Porte. "^I'here were in 1840, neat cattle 1,011, sheep 66, swine 941 ; wheat 1,586 bush, produced, Ind. com 23,270, oats 2,960, potatoes 14,000, sugar 13,529 pounds ; 9 com. houses, cap. $78,300; 4 stores, cap. $1,500; 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $8,000. 2 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 1,101. Clayton, p-t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 12 n. by w. Watertown, 186 n. w. Albany, 431 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, fertile, sandy and clay loam. The St. Lawrence r. bounds it on the N. w. Drained by Chaumont r. and French cr. It has 13 stores, cap. $49,400 ; 1 furnace, 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 11 saw m., 3 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $16,593; 7 sch. 214 scholars. Pop. 2,990. Clayton, p-o., 3Iontgomery co., O. Clayton, p-v., capital of Rabun co., Ga., 181 N. MiUedgeville, 585 W. Situated at the s. base of the Blue Ridge. It contains a court house, jail, an academy, 25 stores, and several dwellings. Clayton, p-v., capital of Barbour co., Ala., 179 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 827 W. It contains a court house and a few dwellings. Clayton, p-v., Adams co.. 111., 89 w. Spring- field, 866 W. Clayton, t.. Perry co., O. It has 5 stores, cap. $6,500 ; 1 tannery, 2 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $4,425. 7 sch. 233 scholars. Pop. 1,602. Claytonville, p-v., capital of Henderson co., N. C, 284 w. by s. Raleigh, 514 W. Situated on the n. side of French Broad r. It has a court house, jail, an academy, several stores and dwelUngs. Clay Village, p-v., Shelby co., Ky., 17 w. Frankfort, 559 W. Clear Branch, p-o., Washington co., Va., 314 •w. by s. Richmond, 382 W. Clear Creek, p-v., Ellington t., Chautauque CO., N. Y., 319 w. by s. Albany, 335 W. It con- tains 2 churches, 3 stores, 2 saw m., 40 dwell- ings, and about 250 inhabitants. Clear Creek, p-o., 3Iecklenburg co., N. C, 160 w. s. w. Raleigh, 397 W. Clear Creek, p-o., Morgan co., Tenn. Clear Creek, p-o., Lafayette co., Miss., 170 N. N. E. Jackson, 921 W. Clear Creek Landing, p-v., Alexander co., 111., 215 s. Springfield, 849 W. Clear Creek, t., Fairfield co., O. It has 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,300. Pop. 1,698. Clear Creek, t., Warren co., O., a rich ag- ricultural towTiship. It has 6 sch. 218 scholars. Pop. 2,8S2. Clear Creek, t., Richland co., O It has 309 scholars in schools. Pop. 1,653. Clearfield, county, Pa. Situated centrally toward the w.part of the state. It contains 1,425 sq. ms. Watered by the head branches of the w. fork of Susquehanna r. Tlie surface is rough, and the soil sterile, with some exceptions. Capi- tal, Clearfield. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,624, sheep 6,499, swine 6,963 ; wheat 46,714 bushels produced, rye 26,940, Ind. com 27,727, oats 81,037, potatoes 44,756, sugar 1,518 pounds; 13 stores, cap. $39,000; 1 furnace, 2 fulling m., 4 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 16 grist m., 49 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufactures $6,000. Pop. 1830, 4,803; 1840, 7,834. Clearfield, t., Butler co.. Pa. It has 2 dis- tilleries, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac $3,725. 9 sch. 252 scholars. Pop. 1,113. Clearfield, p-v., capital of Clearfield co.. Pa.. 126 N. w. Harrisburg, 218 W. It is situated on the s. bank of the w. branch of Susquehanna r., near the junction of Clearfield cr. It has a court house and several dwellings. Clearfield, t., Cambria co.. Pa. Tlie surface is rolling ; soil, clay and gravel. It has 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $800. 3 sch. 90 scholars. Pop. 300. Clearfield Creek, p-o., Clearfield co., Pa., 127 N. w. Harrisburg, 217 W. Clearfield, cr.. Pa., a considerable branch of the w. fork of Susquehanna r. Clear Fork Mills, p-o., Johnson co.. Mo. Clear Fork, p-o., Whitley co., Ky., 137 s. s. E. Frankfort, 538 W. Clear Mont, p-o.. Cannon co., Tenn. Clear Spring, p-v., Washington co., Md., 112 N. w. Annapolis, 80 W. Clear Spring, t., Lagrange co., Ind. It has 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $550. 3 sch. 56 scholars. Pop. 226. Clear Spring, p-o., Kosciusko co., Ind. Clemmonsville, p-v., Davidson co., N. C, 130 w. Raleigh, 331 W. Clendenin, p-o., Kanawha co., Va., 333 w. by N. Richmond, 338 W. Clermont, p-t., Columbia co., N. Y., 13 s Hudson, 41 s. Albany, 329 W. It lies on the E. side of Hudson r. The surface is undulating, and the soil a fertile clay and a gravelly loam. Watered by Ancram or Roeliff" Jansen's cr. The v., on the road between New York and Albany, contains 1 church, 1 store, an academy, 25 dwell- ings, and about 150 inhabitants. Pop. of the t. 1,231. There are in the t., 1 store, cap. $6,000 ; 1 flouring m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,500. 1 acad. 27 students, 5 sch. 236 scholars. Clermont, county, O. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, on the Oliio r., and contains about 450 sq. ms. A large part of the land is rich, but some is too wet lor cultivation. On the r. it is hilly and broken. Watered by E. Fork, a branch of Little Miami r. Capital, Batavia. There were in 1840, neat cattle 13,190, sheep 27,127, swine 35,556 ; wheat 291,268 bushels pro- duced, rye 5,448, Ind. corn 670,075, buckwheat 975, bariey 623, oats 224,880, potatoes 32,139, to- bacco 68,050 pounds, sugar 3,305 ; 63 stores, cap. $103,300; 3 lumber yards, cap. $1,428 ; 1 wool- len fac, 12 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 7 flouring m., 17 grist m.,29 saw m., 1 oil m.,2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Capital in manufactures. CLE 134 CLI $166,215. 2 acad. 78 students, 66 sch. 3,289 scholars. Pop. 1830, 20,466 ; 1840,23,106. Cleveland, p-v., Constaniia t., Oswcj^o co., N. Y. Situated on the n. side of Oneida lake. It contains 1 church, 3 storec, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 tannery, 1 glass fac, 1 clothier's works, 45 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Cleveland, p-v., capital of Bradley 00., Tenn., 156 s. E. by E. Nashville, 581 W. It contains a courthouse and a few dwellings. Clevela.\d, city, port of entry, and the cap- ital of Cuyahoga co., O., 146 n. n. e. Columbus, 359 W. Cleveland is the emporium of northern Ohio, and, next to Cincinnati, the most important town in the state, possesses a commanding situa- tion on Lake Erie, at the mouth of the Cuyahoga r., and the northern termination of the Ohio canal. by which it is connected with Ohio r. and is in 41° 31' N. lat., and 81° 46' w. Ion. from Greenwich, or 4° 44' w. from W. It is 130 miles n. w. Pitts- burgh, 146 N. E. Columbus, 200 by water Buffalo, 130 Detroit, 359 W. The population in 1799 con- sisted of one family ; in 1825, about 500 inhabit- ants; in 1830, 1,000: in 1834, 4,300: in 1840, 6,071. Excepting a small portion of it immediately on the Cuyahoga r., the city is situated on a gravelly plain, elevated about 80 feet above the level of the lake, of which it has a very commanding prospect. The common streets have the extra- ordinary width of 80 feet ; and Main-street, which passes throiigh the middle of the place, is 120 feet wide. The streets cross each other at right angles, and there are many expensive and taste- ful buildings. The location is dry and healthy, and the view of the meanderings of the Cuya- hoga r., and of the steamboats and shipping in the port, and leaving or entering it, and of the nu- merous vessels on the lake under sail, presents a prospect exceedingly interesting, from the high shore of the lake. Near the centre of the place is a public square of 10 acres, divided into four equal parts by inter- secting streets, neatly enclosed, and shaded with trees. The court house and the first Presbyte- rian church front on this square. The harbor of Cleveland is one of the best on Lake Erie. It is formed by the mouth of the Cuyahoga r., and improved by a pier on each side, extending 425 yards into the lake, 200 feet apart, and faced with substantial stone masonry. Cleveland is the great mart of the greatest grain- growing state in the Union, and it is the Ohio and Erie canals that have made it such, though it exports much by the way of the Welland canal to Canada. It has a ready connection with Pitts- burgh, through the Pennsylvania and Ohio canal, ■wliich extends from the Ohio canal at Akron to Beaver cr., which enters the Ohio below Pitts- burgh. The natural advantages of this place are unsurpassed in the west, to which it has a large access by the lakes and the Ohio canal. But the Erie canal constitutes the principal source of its vast advantages ; without that great work, it would have remained in its former insignificance. The total number of pounds on which toll is charged which arrived at Cleveland, in 1840, was 280,233,820, in which was included 2,151,450 bushels of wheat, 504,900 barrels of flour, 23,000 do. of pork, 782,033 pounds of butter, 513,452 of lard, 683,499 of bacon, 1,154,641 of pig iron, 2,252,491 of iron and nails, 643,954 pieces of staves and heading. Tlie whole number of pounds weight of all property on which toll is paid by weight, which cleared from Cleveland by way of the canal in 1840 was, 9,563,396 potinds of merchandise, 1,163,167 of furniture, 1,770,016 of gj'psum, 1,265,656 feet of lumber, 76,729 barrels of salt, 8,959 do. of lake fish, 2,560 M. shingles, 21 pairs of mill stones. The number of clearances of boats, was 4,137 ; but there were only 312 different boats. In the year 1810, 1,344 vessels, exclusive of steamboats, entered the port; and 1,344 vessels, and 1,020 steamboats, cleared. There are owned at Cleve- land,67 schooners, 2 brigs, 3 sloops, 1 1 steamboats ; the tfjtal tonnage in 1840 was 9,514. There were in 1840, 21 foreign commission houses, with a cap. of $58,000; 66 retail stores, cap. $139,700; 3 lumber yards, cap. §3,000 ; 1 furnace ; maclu- nery produced, $3,000 ; 2 distilleries, and 1 brew- ery, cap. $32,0G0 ; 1 flouring m. manufactured to the amount of $125,000 ; 5 printing oflices, 3 binderies, 1 daily and 4 weekly newspapers, and 1 periodical, employed a cap. of $9,7(X). Total cap. in manufac. $128,632. 5 acad. 148 students, 15 sch. 1,089 scholars. Besides numer- ous respectable private schools, there are from 12 to 15 public schools, supported at an annual expense of $4,000. There are 4 large school edifices, which contain about 7,00 scholars. The Cleveland Lyceum is a respectable liter- ary institution, which holds discussions and sus- tains lectures during the winter season. There is also a reading room well supplied with peri- odicals. There are 8 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Bap- tist, 1 Episcopal, 2 3Iethodisf, 1 Congregational, and a chapel for boatmen and sailors. There are two banks, with an aggregate capi- tal of $800,000 ; and an insurance co., with a capital of $500,000. There is a light-house on the high bank of the lake, and another light at the entrance of the harbor. There are 2 daily papers and 5 weekly papers issued in this place. Ohio City, on the opposite side of the Cuyaho- ga r., constitutes, virtually, one place with Cleve- land. (See Ohio City.) It has, however, a sep- arate incorporation. The municipal authority of Cleveland consists of a mayor, 3 aldermen — 1 from each ward ; and 9 councilmen — 3 from each ward. Cleveland derives its nante from Gen. Moses Cleveland, an agent of the Coiuiecticut Land co., who accompanied the first surveying party upon the Connecticut Western Reserve. The city plat was surveyed under his direction in 1796. The Indian title to the territory had been extinguished 2 years before, but was not extinguished on the w. side of the r. until July 4th, 1805. Cleveland was incorporated as a village in 1814, and as a city in 1836. Cleveland, t., exclusive of the city, contains 4 saw m., 7 sch. 399 scholars. Pop. 966. Cleveland, county, N. C. Situated in the s w. part of the state, and contains 550 sq. miles Drained by Broad r. and branches. Capita], Shelby. Cleveland, p-v., Merriwether co.,Ga., 107 w. Milledgeville, 726 W. Cleveland, p-o., Winnebago co., HI., 211 n. by e. Springfield, 79G W. Clevks, p-v., Miami t., Hamilton co., O., 128 s. w. Columbus, 501 W. It contains 2 stores, about 30 dwellings, and 150 inliabitants. Situated on the Big Miami r., half a mile from the Ohio r., at North Bend. Clift Mills, p-o., Fauquier co., Va. Clifton, p-o., Luzerne co., Pa., 142 n. e. Har- risburg, 236 W. Clifton, Miami t., Green co., O., 52 w. s. w. Columbus, 445 W. Situated at the falls of the Little Miami, nearly on the county line. It hoa CLI 135 CLI 2 churches, 4 or 5 stores, 2 saw ra., 1 flouring m., grist m., 28 saw m., 2 printing offices,^ 2 weekly 1 cotton fac, about 70 dwellings, and 350 iiihub- j newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $47,435. 1 acad. itauts. The cotton fac. is built directly over the 25 students, 7 sch. 2^6 scholars. Pop. 8,3:i3. r. at the falls, where the r. enters a chasm in the | Clinton, county, Ky. Situated on the s. rocks, from 30 to 70 feet deep, and from 20 to 50 i border of the state, and contains 200 sq. ms. feet wide. The building is 72 feet long, 40 feet Drained by several small branches of Cumber- wide, and 3 stories high. The water power at land r. Surface diversified, soil fertile. Capi- this place is extensive. It is surrounded by a fertile country, and is a great thoroughfare. Clifton, p-v., Russell co., Va., 309 s. w. Richmond, 364 W. Situated on Maiden Spring Fork. Clifton Factory, p-v., St. Mary's co., Md., 99 s. Annapolis, 76 W. Clifton Forge, p-o., Alleghany co., Va., 182 W. by N. Richmond, 229 W. Clifton Park, p-t., Saratoga co., N. Y., 17 n. by w. Albany, 3S7 \V. The surface is undula- ting, and the soil a fertile clay and sandy loam. Mohawk r. runs on its s. border. Some small creeks enter it from this town. It has 8 stores, cap. $11,200; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3U0. 13 sch. 419 scholars. Pop. 2,719. Clifty, p-o., Decatur co., la., 53 s. e. Indian- apolis, 558 W. Clifty, t., Bartholomew co., la. It has 3 sch. 129 scholars. Pop. 1,082. Climax Prairie, p-o., Kalamazoo co., Mich., 131 w. Detroit, 593 W. Climax t., in which it is situated, contains 1 store, cap. $4,000. 2 sch. Ill scholars. Pop. 301. Clinchdale, p-o., Hawkins co., Tenn., 250 e. by N. Nashville, 455 W. Clinch, r., of Va. and Term., rises in Va. and passes into Tenn., and after a course of about 200 miles unites with Holston r., at Kingston, thus forming Tennessee r. It is navigable for boats through a large part of its course. Clinch, t.. Van Buren co., Mich. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,000. 4 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 250. Clinton, county, N. Y. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 932 sq. ms. It has Lower Canada on its n., and Lake Champlain on its E. border. The s. part is elevated and liilly ; the n. and E. parts are more level, and are well cultivated. Iron ore of a superior quali- ty is found in the s. w. part of the co. Watered by Saranac, Chazy and Great and Little Au- sable rivers, which afford extensive water pow- er. Organized in 1788. Lake Champlain affords great facilities for trade. Capital, Plattsburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 21,013, sheep 55,555, swine 17,795 ; wheat 75,293 bush, produ- ced, rye 31,972, Ind. com 81,431, buckwheat 39,429, barley 13,289, oats 143,226, potatoes 484,325, hops 1,434 pounds, sugar 184,934; 117 stores, cap. $466,640; 6 furnaces, 21 bloomeries, forges, &c., employing a cap. $231,150 ; 8 fulling m., 7 woollen tac, 2 cotton fac. 1,200 sp., 21 tan- neries, 1 brewery, 1 glass fac, 1 pottery, 1 flour- ing m., 17 grist m., 166 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Capital in manufac. $661,465. 3 acad. 151 students, 103 sch. 2,937 scholars. Pop. 28,157. Clinton, county. Pa. Situated in the N. part of the state, contains 840sq.ms. The w. branch of the Susquehanna r. passes centrally through it. Surface mountainous, soil first rale on margins of streams. Capital, Lock Haven. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,867, sheep 6,806, swine 9,316 ; wheat 150,354 bush, produced, rye 44,975, Ind. corn 66,552, buckwheat 11,603, oats 76,468, po- tatoes 60,446; 400,000 bush, bituminous coal; 21 stores, cap. $91,600 ; 2 furnaces, 4 forges, 6 tan- neries, 1 dislillerj', 1 brewery, 6 flouring ra., 5 tal, Albany. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,902, sheep 4,938, swine 17,637; wheat 11,933 bush, produced, rye 893, Ind. corn 158,177, oats 41,082, potatoes 7,373, tobacco 84,932 pounds, cotton 7,228, sugar 4,009 ; 5 stores, cap. 9,500 ; 2 tanneries, 24 distilleries, 11 grist m., 11 saw ra., loilm. Cap. in manufac $17,330. 1 acad. 25 students, 2 sch. 49 scholars. Pop. whites 3,674, slaves 18S, free col'd 1 ; total, 3,863. Clinton, county, O. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 400 sq. ms. The surface is level or slightly uneven, and the soil is fertile. It is particularly adapted to Indian corn and grass, yielding from 60 to 100 bushels of the ibrmer, and 3 tons of the latter to the acre. Salt is found in the s. w. part. Watered by branches of Little Miami r., which afford good water power. The religious denominations are the Fneads, Methodists, Presbyterians and Bap- tists. Capital, Wilmington. There were in 1840, neat cattle 17,734, sheep 33,096, swine 43,906; wheat 213,796 bush, produced, rye 2,966, Ind. corn 824,449, buckwheat 1,101, barley 226, oats 193,349, potatoes 22,285, hops 327 pounds, sugar 112,671 ; 46 stores, cap. 84,460; 3 fulling m., 4 woollen fac, 13 tanneries 7 flour- ing m., 19 grist m., 25 saw m., 2 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manu- fac. $56,521. 92 sch. 6,188 scholars. Pop. 1830, 11,292; 1840, 15,719. Clinton, county, Mich. Situated in the cen- tral part of the state, and contains 576 sq. ms. Drained n. by Maple r., and s. by Lookingglass r., and branches. It has a level surface, and a good soil. Capital, De Witt. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,621, sheep 294, swme 2,560 ; wheat 18,632 bush, produced, Ind. corn 15,296, oats 11,310, sugar 27,666 pounds. Pop. 1,614. Clinton, county, la. Situated a little n. w of the centre of the state, and contains' 432 sq ms. Organized m 1830. Drained by branches of Wildcat and Sugar creeks. The soil is fertile and well timbered, except the " Twelve Mile Prairie." Capital, Frankfort. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,943, sheep 5,960, swine 23,693 ; wheat 54,281 bush, produced, rye 1,751, Ind. com 415,560, buckwheat 793, oats 83,905, pota- toes 17,220, sugar 1 10,290 pounds ; 9 stores, cap. $16,300; 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. «7,350. 1 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 1830, 1,423 ; 1840, 7,508. Clinton, county. 111. Situated in tlie s. part of the state, and contains 480 sq. ms. Surface undulating, soil fertile. Kaskaskia river tosses centrally through it. Capital, Carlyle. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,140, sheep 3,074, swme 14,222 ; wheat 21,367 bush, produced, Ind. corn 141,405, oats 36,107, potatoes 3,286 ; 7 stores, cap. $15,810; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 7 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,800. 11 sch. 215 scholars. Pop. 1830, 2,330 ; 1840, 3,718. Clinton, county. Mo. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 425 sq. ms. The surface is level, and two thirds of it prairie. Soil very fertile. Drained by branches of Little Platte r. Capital, Plattsburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,10.'<, sheep 3,227, swine 10,392 ; wheat 2,469 bush, produced, Ind. com 136,642, oats 14,489, potatoes 7,309, tobacco CLI 136 CLI 6,223 pounds ; 7 stores, cap. 27,700 ; 6 distilleries, 7 grist m., 5 s;iw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,570. 5 sch. 128 scholars. Pop. wliites 2,530, slaves 191, free col'd 3 ; total, 2,724. Clinton, county, Iowa Ter. Situated in the E. part of the ter., having the Mississippi r. for its E. boundary. Drained by Wabesipinica r. and its branches, on the s., and on the n. by Prairie cr.. Deep cr. and other branches of Ma- coquetais r. Capital, Camanche. There were in 1840, neat cattle 865, sheep 58, swine 2,007 ; wheat 5,413 bush, produced, Ind. corn 18,515, oats 3,555, potatoes 17,574; 3 stores, cap. $11,350 ; 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. 4,000. 1 sch. 15 scholars. Pop. 821. Clinton, p-t., Kennebec co.. Me., 25 n. n. e. Augusta, 620 \V. The Kennebec r. runs on its w. border, and Sebasticook r. passes tlirough it, and affords extensive water power. Incorpora- ted 17'J5. The soil is fertile, and adapted to grain or grazing. The v. is situated on Sebasti- cook r., and has some mills and manufactures. There are in the t., 9 stores, cap. $9,400 ; 2 ful- ling m., 2 grist ra., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,725. 1,287 scholars in schools. Pop. 2,818. Clinton, p-t., Middlesex co., Ct., 51 s. by e. Hartford, 325 W. It has 7 stores, cap. .$19,200 ; 1 fulling m., 3 grist ra., 2 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $18,100. 6 sch. 337 scholars. Pop. 1,239. Clinton, t., Dutchess co., N. Y., 10 n. Pough- keepsie, 75 s. Albany. The surface is hilly and broken, and the soil a gravelly loam, and well cul- tivated. It has 4 stores, cap. $10,500 ; 2 fulling m., 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $25,310. 4 sch. 139 scholars. Pop. 1,830. Clinton, p-v., Kirkland t., Oneida co., N. Y., 99 w. N. w. Albany, 9 s. w. Utica, 380 W. It is pleasantly situated on both sides of Oriskany creek. It has 4 churches, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and 1 tjniversalist, 8 stores, several scho(jls of a high order, 100 dwellings, and about 800 inhabitants. It has several import- ant manufacturing establishments. Hamilton College, a respectable institution, is located here. The buildings, 4 in number, constructed of stone, occupy a commanding eminence, 1 m. w. of the v., and are surrounded by grounds containing 41 acres. This institution was founded in 1812, has a president and 6 professors, or other instructors, 464 alumni, of vvliom 69 have been ministers of the gospel, 94 students, and 9,000 vols, in its li- braries. The commencement is on the 4th Wednesday in August. Clinton, p-v., Hunterdon co., N. J., 37 n. by w. Trenton, 197 VV. Situated on the s. branch of Raritan r., at the point of junction of Lebanon, Bethlehem, and Kingwood townships, lying part- ly in each. It has 1 Presbyterian church, 3 stores, 2 grist m., 1 oil m., and 35 dwellings. The river affords a great water power, and the coun- try around is fertile. Clinto.v, t., Essex co., N. J. It has 4 stores, cap. $7,300 ; 2 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $6,.5O0. 3 sch. 137 scholars. Pop. 1,976. Clinton, p-v., Alleghany co. Pa., 226 W. Harrisburg, 251 W. Clinton, t., Wayne co.. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,000. 5 sch. 85 scholars. Pop. 516. Clinton, t.. Lycoming co., Pa., 6 s. e. Williams- port. It lies in a bend of the w. branch of Sus- quehanna r., by which it is bounded on the n. e. and s. E. It has 2 stores, cap. $9,5(X) ; 1 woollen fac, 2 distilleries, 3 grist m., 9 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $14,800. 7 sch. 210 scholars. Pop. 1,193. Clinton, p-t.. Summit co., O., 118 n. w. Co- lumbus, 334 W. Watered by Indian cr., a branch of Tuscarawas r. The t. was formerly called Pilse. Clinton, p-v., Tecumseh t., Lenawee co., Mich., 52 s. w. Detroit, 516 W. Situated on the E. bank of the n. branch of the river Raisin. It contains 1 Episcopal church, 8 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 iron foundry, about 100 houses, and 600 uihabitants. The r. Raisin affords good water power, and the place has considerable business. Clinto.v, p-v., capital, Hickman co., Ky., 298 w. s. w. Frankfort, 825 W. Situated on the n. side of Bayou Desha. It contains a court house and several dwellings. Clinton, p-v., capital of Sampson co., N. C, 94 s. s. E. Raleigh, 324 W. It is situated on a branch of Black r. It contains a court house and a few dwellings. Clinton, p-v., capital of Jones co., Ga., 26 w. Milledgeville, 671 W. It contains a court house, jail, an academy and Methodist church. Clinton, p-v., Green co., Ala., 41 s. Tusca- loosa, 859 W. Clinton, p-v.. Hinds co., Miss., 10 w. by n. Jackson, 1,020 W. It has 1 Methodist and 1 Presbyterian church, and a female seminary, and 4(X) inhabitants. Mississippi college, founded in 1830, is located here. Clinton, p-v., E. Feliciana par., La., 112 n. w. New Orieans, 1,130 W. Clinton, p-v., capital of Van Buren co., Ark., 90 N. Little Rock, 1,096 W. Situated on s. side of Little Red r. Clinton, p-v., capital of Anderson co., Tenn., 175 E. Nashville, 514 W. Situated on the n. bank of Clinch r., one of the constituents of Tennessee r. It contains a court houae and several dwellings. Clinton, p-t., Vermillion co., la., 82 w. Indi- anapolis, 659 W. The v. is situated on the w. bank of Wabash r. There are in the t., 6 stores, cap. $37,700; 1 com. house, 1 furnace, 1 distille- ry, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,800. 1 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 1,296. Clinton, p-v., capital, Dewitt co.. 111., 64 e. n. E. Springfield, 739 W. Situated on Salt cr., a branch of Sangamon r. Clinton, t., Macomb co., Mich., bordering on Lake St. Clair. Watered by Red r. The soil is fertile. It has 11 stores, cap. $31,000; 1 fulling m., 1 glass house, 2 printing offices, 2 wceldy newspapers, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 8 saw m, 9 sch. 290 scholars. Pop. 1,115. Clinton, t., Franklin co., O. It has 2 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 966. Clinton, t., Putnam co., la. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,500 ; 1 tainiery, 1 distillery, 2 grist ra., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,700. 1 sch. 35 scholars. Pop. 1,218. Clinto.n, t., Lucas co., O. It has 3 sch. 104 scholars. Pop. 353. Clinton, v., capital of Rives co.. Mo , situa- ted near the n. bank of Grand r. Clinton, t., Jackson co., O. It has 1 tannery. Cap. in manulac. $150. 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 824. Clinton, t., Seneca co., O. It has 12 stores, cap. $28,740 ; 2 printing offices, 2 weekly news- papers, 4 grist ra., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,200. 8 sch. 235 scholars. Pop. 2,195. Clinton, t., Shelby co., O. It has 14 stores, cap. $14,300 ; 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 printing offices, 1 weekly newspaper, 3 flouring m., 2 grist m., 5 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $15,510. 1 sch. 24 scholars. Pop. 783. CLY 137 COB Clinton, t., Franklin co., O. Pop. 966. Clinton, t., Wayne co., O. Pop. 873. Clinton, p-t., Knox co., O. It has 5 sch. 210 scholars. Pop. 920. Clinton College, p-v., Smith co., Tenn., 53 E. N. E. Nashville, 644 W. Clinton Furnace, p-o.. Clarion co., Pa. Clinton Hollow, p-o., Clinton t., Dutchess CO., N. Y., 63 s. Albany, 316 W. Clintonville, p-v., Au Sable t., Clinton co., N. Y., 153 N. Albany, 523 W. Situated on the N. side of Au Sable r., 10 w. Port Kent, on Lake Champlain. It has 1 Presbyterian and 1 Metho- dist church, 8 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 100 dwellings, and about 750 inhabitants. The Peru Iron Company, with a capital of $200,000, have extensive iron works at this place. The best of iron ore is obtained in this vicinity. Clintonville, p-v., Venango co.. Pa., 214 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 269 W. Clintonville, p-v., Greenbrier co., Va., 224 w. by N. Richmond, 261 W. It contains a Meth- odist church, 1 store, and several dwellings, and about 30 or 40 inhabitants. Clintonville, p-v., Bourbon co., Ky., 45 e. Frankfort, 516 W. Clio, p-v., 3Iarlboro' dist., S. C, 117 n. e. Co- lumbia, 419 W. Clio, p-o., Wayne co., Ky., 94 s. Frankfort, 600 W. Clockville, p-v., Lenox t., Madison co., N. Y., 120 w. by N. Albany, 360 W. It has two churches, 1 store, 2 grist m., 2 plaster m., 40 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. Clopton's Mills, p-o., Putnam co., Ga., 16 n. w. Milledgeville, 637 W. Cloutierville, p-v., Natchitoches par.. La., 337 N. w. by w. New Orleans, 1,256 W. Clove, p-o., Unionvale t., Dutchess co., N. Y., 78 s. by E. Albany, 317 W. Clove, p-o.. Wantage t., Sussex co., N. J. Clover Bottom, p-o., Sullivan co., Tenn. Clover Dale, p-o., Botetourt co., Va., 184 w. Richmond, 234 W. Clover Dale, p-o., Putnam co., la., 49 w. In- dianapolis, 614 W. Clover Dale, p-o., Barren co., Ky., 112 s. w. Frankfort, 635 W. Cloverdale Hotel, p-o., Bath co., Va., 142 w. N. w. Richmond, 180 W. Clover Garden, p-o.. Orange co., N. C, 41 N. w. Raleigh, 299 W. Clover Hill, p-o., Hunterdon co., N. J., 30 N. Trenton, 190 W. Clover Hill, p-o.. Prince Edward co., Va., 92 w. s. w. Richmond, 178 W. Clover Port, p-v., Breckenridge co., Ky., 126 w. by s. Frankfort, 668 W. Situated on the s. bank of Ohio r., at the mouth of Clover cr. It has 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist church, and about 300 inhabitants. Clovesville, p-o., Middletown t., Delaware CO., N. Y., 70 s. w. Albany, 344 W. Cloyb's Creek, p-o., Blount co., Tenn., 182 E. by s. Nashville, 527 W. Clyde, p-v., Galen t., Wayne co., N. Y., 174 •w. by N. Albany, 354 W. Situated on Clyde r., and on the Erie canal. Incorporated in 1835. It contains 4 churches — 1 Pre.sbyterian, 1 Episco- pal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — an academy, 16 stores, 4 flouring ra., 1 saw m., 2 glass fac, 1 fur- nace, 1 tannery, and various mechanics, 130 dwellings, and about 1,000 inhabitants. Clyde, r., in the county of Wayne, formed by the junction of Flint and Mud creeks, flows e. 20 ms., and falls into Seneca r. It is navigable for boats to Lyons. 13 Clyde Mills, p-o., Clyde t., St. Clair co., Mich., 67 N. E. Detroit, 590 W. It is situated on Black r., 12 miles from its mouth, at the head of steamboat navigation. It has a store, 1 flouring m., and 2 saw m. There are in the t., 7 stores, cap. $8,300 ; 2 tanneries, 1 printing office, 1 weekly new.spaper, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac- tures, ,$23,400. 2 schools, 40 scholars. Popula- tion, 413. Clymer, p-t., Chautauque co., N. Y., 355 w. by s. Albany, 334 W. The surface is rolling, and the soil, a fertile sandy loam. Drained by Broken Straw cr. The v. contains 2 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., and 12 or 15 dwellings. There are in the t., 2 stores, cap. $2,500 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,100. 6 sch. 258 scholars. Pop. 909. Clymer Centre, p-o., Clymer t., Chautauque CO., N. Y., 350 w. by s. Albany, 329 W. Coahoma, county, Miss., in the n. w. part of the state, contains 680 sq. ms. The surface is level, and at certain seasons inundated. Chief article of production, cotton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,430, sheep 222, swine 3,923 ; Indian corn 48,779 bush, produced, potatoes 7,239, cotton 418,796 pounds; 1 store, cap. $1,000. 3 sch. 69 scholars. Pop. whites 766, slaves 524 ; total, 1,290. Coal, t., Northumberland co., Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $4,000 ; 4 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $8,480. 2 sch. 67 scholars. Pop. 914. Coal Brook, t., Clinton co.. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $8,100; 1 furnace, 1 forge, 1 saw m. Pop. 516. Coal Hill, p-o., Goochland co., Va., 14 n. w. Richmond, 131 W. Coal Mine.s, p-o., Chesterfield co., Va., 15 s w. Richmond, 132. Coal Mountain, p-o., Forsyth co., Ga., 115 N. w. Milledgeville, 638 W. Coal River Marshes, p-o., Fayette co., Va., 300 w. Richmond, 337 W. Coal Run, p-o., Washington co., O., 92 s. E. Columbus, 316 W. CoALSMOUTii, p-o., Kanawha co., Va., 325 w. N. w. Richmond, 362 W. Situated on the s. side of Kanawha r., at the mouth of Coal r., which af- fords water power. It contains 1 store, 1 grist m., and 1 saw m. CoATSviLLE, p-v., Cliester co.. Pa., 62 e. s. e. Harrisburg, 130 W. Situated on the w. branch of Brandy wine cr. It has 3 paper m., 2 cotton fac, a nail, and other factories. There is a cha- lybeate spring of some notoriety in the vicinity. CoATEs' Tavern, p-o., York dist., S. C, 76 n. Columbia, 452 W. Cobb, county, Ga. Situated toward the n. w. part of the slate, and contains 480 sq. ms. The Chattahoochee r. runs on its s. e. border. Wa- tered by branches of that r. on the s., and of Coosa on the n. Capital, Marietta. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,629, sheep 3,524, swine 20,177 ; wheat 27,264 busii. produced, Ind. com 320,029, oats 10,606, potatoes 5,342, cotton 154,965 pounds ; 24 stores, cap. $26,450 ; 1 cotton fac, 2 tanneries, 8 distilleries, 2 flouring m., 22 grist m., 19 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $'J8,355. 3 sch. 70 scholars. Pop. whites 6,630, slaves 904, free col'd 5 ; total, 7,539. Cobb's, p-o., McMinn co., Tenn., 182 e. s. e. Nashville,.574 W. Cobb's Corners, p-o., 3Iantua t., Portage co., O., 119 N. e. Columbus, 334 W. Cobb's Fork, p-o., Decatur co., la., 62 s. e. In- dianapolis, 556 W. Cobb's Store, p-o., Madison co., Ala., 156 N N. E. Tuscaloosa, 720 W. COE 138 COL Coberi.y's, p-o., Allen t., Union co., O., 51 n w. Columbus, 441 W. (^OBLESKiLL, p-t., Schoharie co., N. Y., 42 w. Albany, 3S6 W. Tlie surface is hilly, with fer tile valleys. Drained by Cobleskill or. Here is a mill stream issuing from a natural well, which has never been effectually sounded. This stream soon enters a subterranean passage, and reap- pears after a distance of 7 miles. The v. contains 1 church, 3 stores, 1 saw m., and 20 dwellings The t. has 13 stores, cap. $48,100 ; 3 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 1 brewery, 5 grist m., 21 saw m Cap. in manufac. $6,400. 19 .sch. 937 scholars. Pop. 3,583. CoBLESKiLL CENTRE, p-o., Coblesldll t., Scho- harie co., N. Y., 44 w. Albany, 384 W. Cobuhn's Store, p-o., Mecklenburg Co., N C, 167 w. s. w. Raleigh, 404 W. CocALico, p-o., Lancaster co., Pa., 37 E. by s Harrisburg, 135 W. CocHECTON, p-t., Sulhvan co., N. Y., 131 s. w. Albany, 293 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, gra- velly loam. Delaware r. bounds it on the w. Drained by Collicoon and Ten Mile creeks, which flow into the Delaware. The v. is situated on the K. side of the Delaware, and contains 1 store, 20 dwellings, and about 125 inhabitants. There are in the t., 2 stores, cap. $3,800 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,500. 5 sch. 167 scholars. Pop. 622. Cochran, t., 3lacon co.. Mo. Pop. 196. Cochran's Grove, p-v., Shelby co., 111., 72 s. E. Springfield, 716 W. Cochran's Mills, p-o., Pickens co., Ala., 39 W. Tuscaloosa, 857 W. Cochran's, p-o., Putnam co., O. CocHRANsviLLE, p-v., Chester co., Pa., 62 e. 8. E. Harrisburg, 106 VV. Cochran, t, Macon co.. Mo. Pop. 196. CocHRANTON, p-o.. Salt Rock t., Marion co., O., 10 w. Marion, 8 e. Burlington. Cocke, county, Tenn. Situated in the e. part of the state, bounded on the s. E. by the Smoky 3Iountains, a chain of the Alleghany from N. C. Drained by French Broad r. and Big Pigeon r. It contains 374 sq. ms. The surface is uneven and broken. Capital, Newport. Tliere were in 1840, neat cattle 4,435, sheep 2,880, swine 15,190 ; wheat 18,820 bush, produced, rye 2,145, Ind. corn 265,680, oats 29,450, potatoes 5,455, hops 335 pounds ; 6 stores, cap. $26,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 dis- tillery, 2 flouring m., 4 gri.st m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,250. Pop. 1830, 6,017 ; 1840, whites 6,199, slaves 631, free col'd 1.59; total, 6,992. CocHRANTON, p-0., Harrison co., O. CoDORUS, creek, rises in Frederick co., Md., and after a comparative course of 30 ms., enters the Susquehanna r. near iVew Holland v., in Pa. Co DOR us, p-v., Old Codorus t., York co.. Pa., 37 s. Harrisburg, 83 W. Situated on Codorus creek. Coelebs, p-o., Pittsylvania co., Va., 174 s. w. by w. Richmond, 261 W. CoEYMANS, p-t., Albany co., N. Y., 13 s. Alba- ny, 356 W. 'riie surface is broken ; soil various. Drained by Coeyman's cr., and other small trib- utaries of Hudson r. The v. is situated on the w. side of the Hudson r., and contains 1 Dutch Reformed, and 1 Methodist church, 10 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 axe fac, 1 cloth dressing and fulling m., and extensive brickyards. It con- tains 100 dwellings, and about 700 inhabitants. It has a steamboat landing, and several sloops navigating the r. There are in the t., 15 stores, cap. $23,500 ; 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $31,050 ; 15 sch. 733 scholars. Pop 3,107. Coeyman's Hollow, p-o., Coeyman's t., Al bany co., N. Y., 19 s. Albany, 362 W. Coffee, county, Tenn. Situated in the cen- tral part of the state, and contains 170 sq. ms. The surface is undulating ; soil fertile. Drained by head branches of Duck r. Capital, Manches- ter. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,243, sheep 8,198, swine 34,119; wheat 47,799 bush, pro- duced, rye, 4,761, Ind. com 1,565,873, oats 74,934, potatoes 12,105, tobacco 26,318 pounds, cotton 69,060, sugar 700 ; 8 stores, cap. $25,540 ; 9 tan- neries, 26 distilleries, 1 rope fac, 10 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,550. 8 sch. 342 scholars. Pop. whites 7,057, slaves 1,105, free col'd 22; total, 8,184. Coffee Creek, p-o., Porter co., la., 148 N. N. w. Indianapolis, 692 W. Coffee Run, p-o., Huntingdon co., Pa., 103 w. Harrisburg, 107 W. CoFFEETON, p-0., Wabash co., 111., 170 s. E. Springfield, 726 W. Coffeeville, p-v., Clark co., Ala., 132 w. by s. Tuscaloosa, 944 W. Situated on the E. bank of Tombigbee r. Coffeeville, p-v., capital of Yallabusba co., Miss., 130 N. by e. Jackson, 941 W. Situated on both sides of Turkey cr., a branch of Yazoo r. It contains a court house and several dwellings. CoHASSET, p-t., Norfolk co., Ms., 20 s. E. Bos- ton, 460 W. Incorporated in ' 1770. It has a rocky and dangerous coast. It has considerable shipping, mostly engaged in coasting and fishing. Its ocean breezes make it a pleasant summer re- sort. It has 9 stores, cap. $10,400; 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,500. 2 acad. 45 students, 5 sch. 423 scholars. Pop. 1,471. CoHOCTON, p-o., Steuben co., N. Y., 230 w. by s. Albany, 315 W. CoHOEs, p-v., Watervliet t., Albany co., N. Y., 8 N. Albany, 378 W. Situated on the s. w. bank of the Mohawk r., a little below Cohoes Falls, near the junction of the Erie and Champlain ca- nals. Here is a cotton fac. with 7,000 sp. and 220 looms, 1 flouring m., 3 saw m., 1 iron and brass foundry, and various other manufactories. The V. contains 6 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, 1 Dutch Re- formed, and 1 Universalist — 12 stores, 200 dwel- lings, and about 2,000 inlwbitants. The water power, which might be employed at tliis place, is very extensive. C'oiiOEs Fall.?, on the Mohawk r., 2 miles from its mouth, near Cohoes v., N. Y., present a romantic, and when the river is full, a grand ap- pearance. Besides a rapid above and below, the river here, from 3 to 400 feet broad, has a per- pendicular fall of 7t) feet. Half a mile below the falls is a bridge across the r., 800 feet long, presenting a beautiful view of the cataract Tins fall is ahvuys an object of curiosity and admira- tion to travellers. CoHUTTAH Spring, p-o., 3Iurray co., Ga., 12 N. Spring Place, 2g from the n. boundary of the state. Situated at the base of CJohuttah mt. The spring is on the s. side of a small and beautiful stream, issuing from the mountain, which joins the Connesauga cr., 6 miles below. Tliis is one of the most valuatile mineral springs in this sec- tion of the country. ('oiTsviLLE, p-t., Trumbull co., O., 182 n. e. (^olumbus, 17 s. E. Warren, 289 W. Beaver r. and the Beaver canal run through its s. w. comer. It has 8 sch. 365 scholars. Pop. 1,005. (^oKESBURG, p-v., Abbeville dist., S. C, 93 w. Columbia, 523 W. CoKER Creek, p-o., Monroe co., Tenn. Colbert, p-v., Lowndes co.. Miss., 155 n. I. COL 139 COL Jackson, 899 W. Situated on the w. side of the Tomhigbee river. It contains several stores and dwellings. Cor.iiYviLLE, p-v., Clarke eo., Ky., 39 e. s. e. Frankfort, f)3d W. Colchester, p-t., Chittenden co., Vt., 46 w. s. w. Montpelier, 519 W. It has Lake Champlain on its w. border, from which Mallet's bay, a large body of water, sets up into the town. La- moille r. runs through its n. w. corner. First set- tled in 1774. The natural growth was partly white pine, with a light soil ; and partly hard wood, with a fertile clay loam. On Onion river, partly in this own, and partly in Burlington, is Winooski city, a flourishing manufacturing vil- lage, with a covered bridge across the r., and where is an extensive water power. The t. has been extensively employed in the lumber trade. It has 3 stores, cap. $5,400; 1 woollen fac, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $157,800. 9 sch. 297 scholars. Pop. 1,739. Colchester, p-t., New London co., Ct., 24 s. s. E. Hartford, ^ n. n. w. New London, 334 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, fertile gravelly loam. Watered by Salmon r. The village is pleasantly situated, on elevated ground, chiefly on one street, and contains a Congregational and a Baptist church ; and Bacon Academy, founded in 1800, by the donation of $35,000, which has the name of its founder. It is a free school to all the inhabitants of the first ecclesias- tical society. The building is of brick, 3 stories hig^, 75 feet long, and 34 wide. It usually has from 90 to 100 scholars. The t. has 6 stores, cap. $28,900 ; 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,800. 1 acad. 250 students, 14 sch. 619 scholars. Pop. 2,101. Colchester, p-t., Delaware co., N. Y., 98 s. w. by w. Albany, 316 W. The surface is hilly and mountainous ; soil, adapted to grazing. Drained by Papacton branch of Delaware r. Lumber is rafted to Philadelphia. It has 2 stores, cap. $10,000; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 31 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $900. 16 sch. 402 scholars. Pop. 1,567. CoLDBRooK, pv., Worcester co., Mass., 61 w. Boston, 413 W. Pleasantly situated on a brook of the same name, and has some manufactures. CoLDBROOK, p-v., Russia t., Herkimer co., N. Y., 86 N. w. Albany, 410 W. Situated on a stream of the same name, and contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 plaster m., 40 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. CoLDDROoK, p-o., Warren co., 111., 115 n. w. Springfield, 844 W. CoLDEN, p-t., Erie co., N. Y., 286 w. Albany, 365 W. The surface is hilly, and the soil clay, too wet and cold for grain, but it produces good grass. Drained by Cazenove cr. Organized in 1827. At the v. are some mills, and a small set- tlement. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000; 1 tannery, 1 pottery, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,700. 11 sch. 449 scholars. Pop. 1,088. CoLDENHAM, p-0., Newburg t., Orange co., N. Y., 90 s. by w. Albany, 292 W. Cold Spring, p-v., Phillipstown t., Putnam CO., N. Y., 100 s. Albany, 278 W. It has a ro- mantic situation, on the e. side of Hudson'^., in the Highlands, 1 mile above West Point. It con- tains 5 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Catholic, 1 Episco- pal, 1 Methodist, 1 Pre.sbyterian — 11 stores, and 1,250 inhabitants. The West Point foundry is situated here. It employs 400 men, and has an iron foundry, a brass foundry, pattern, smith's, machine, and boiler shops. There are attached to the foundry 3 air furnaces, 3 cupolas. In the smith's shop there is 1 trip-hammer of 7 ts. weight, and 2 tilt-hammers — one of a thousand and the other of 500 lbs. The machine shop contains 29 turning lathes, and 3 planing machines for iron. Cold Spring, t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 308 w. Albany. The surface is hilly, with extensive valleys. Watered by Alleghany river and Cold Spring cr., its tributary. It contains an Indian village. Situated on the n. side of Alleghany r., on the line of the N. Y. and Erie railroad. It is the centre of a considerable lumber trade. There are in the town 1 store, cap. $500 ; 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufijc. $11,800. 1 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 673. Cold Spring, p-v.. Lower t., Cape May co., N. J., 105 s. Trenton, 215 W. It contains an Episcopal church, 2 stores, and l5or 20 dwellings. Cold Spring, p-o., Edgefield dist., S. C. Cold Spring, p-o., Wilkinson co., Misa., 120 s. w. Jackson, 1,130 W. Cold Spring, p-o., Campbell co., Ky., 91 N N. E. Frankfort, 501 W. Cold Spring, p-v., Shelby co., EL, 72 s. E. Springfield, 736 W. Cold Spring Harbor, p-v.. Oyster Bay and Huntington ts.. Queens and Suffolk counties, N. Y., 186 s. by e. Albany, 266 W. Situated on both sides of the head of Cold Spring harbor. It has 1 Epis(;opal church, 3 stores, 2 woollen fac- tory, 1 grist m., 80 dwellings, and about 500 in- habitants. It has several ships employed in the whaling business, and several smaller vessels in the coasting trade. Cold Strea.m, p-v., Hamp.shire co., Va., 21 e. Romney, 167 n. n. w. Richmond, 595 W. Situ- ated on the w. bank of Great Cacapon r. It con- tains 1 church, 2 mills, 1 woollen fac, and other manufacturing establishments. Cold Water, p-o., Elbert co., Ga., 121 n. n. E. Raleigh, 575 W. Cold Water, p-t, capital of Branch co., Mich., 110 w. s. w. Detroit, 558 W. Watered by Cold- water river and its branches. It has 10 stores, 1 furnace, 1 pruning office, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $40,400. 8 sch. 179 scholars. Pop. 1,123. Cole, county. Mo., situated in the centre of the state, and along the s. bank of Missouri r., and contains 650 sq. ms. Osage r. runs on its s. w. bor- der. Watered by Moreau cr., which flows into the Missouri r., a few miles above the entrance of the Osage r. Capital, Jefferson city. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,978, sheep 7,832, swine 27,702 ; wheat 30,OiO bushels produced, Indian corn 290,559, oats 49,173, potatoes 23,475, tobacco 179,455 pounds, cotton 1,382, sugar 7,569 ; 36 stores, cap. $91,928; 4 tanneries, 7 distilleries, 1 pottery, 32 grist m., 3 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufactures $35,197. 2 acad. 74 students, 14 sch. 314 schol- ars. Pop. 1830, 3,023 ; 1840, whites 8,073, slaves 1,179, free col'd 31 ; total, 9,2'<6. Cole, t., Benton co., 3Io. Pop. 817. CoLEBATH, t., Clarke co., Ark., Pop. 169. CoLEBROoK, p-t., Coos CO., N. H., 135 N. Con- cord, 596 W. Connecticut river runs on its w. boundary. Watered by Mohawk r. and Beaver brook. On Connecticut river are fine intervale lands. Incorporated in 1790. It has an incor- porated academy ; 2 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 8 scb. 192 scholars. Pop. 743. CoLEBRooK, t., Ashtabula county, O. Rock and Musketo creeks pass through it. It has 5 sch. 205 scholars. Pop. 530. CoLEBROOK, p-t., Litchfield co., Ct., 32 n. w. Hartford, 356 W. First settled in 1765. The surface is uneven, and the soil hard and gravel- ly, well fitted for grazing. Drained by Coiebrook COL 140 COL r., a tributary of the w. branch of Farmington r., which afTords mill seats. It contains 3 churclies — a Congregational, at the centre, a Baptist in the N. w., and an Episcopal in the s. E. part. It has 2 stores, cap. $G,500 ; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 paper manufac, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $45,300. 8 sch. 222 scholars. Pop. 1,232. CoLEBRooKnAi.E, p-t., Bcrks CO., Pa., 73 e. Harrishurg, ir.C) W. It has4 stores, cap. $13,700 ; 2 fulling in., 3 tanneries, 4 grist m., 4 saw m., 2 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $11,250. Pop. 1,124. CoLEBROoK River, p-o., Colebrook t., Litch- field CO., Ct., 31 N. w. Hartford, 355 W. Cole Camp, p-o., Benton co., Mo., 65 s. w. JefTerson city, 1,001 W. Cole Creek, p-o., Fountain co., la., 66 w. s. W. Indianapolis, 637 W. Cole Creek, t., Montgomery co., la. It has 2 sch. 43 scholars. Pod. l,58i). Coleman, p-o., Cabarras co., N. C. CoLE.MAN, p-o., Adair co., Ky., 116 s. by w. Frankfort, 630 W. Coleman Cross Roads, p-o., Edgefield dist., S. C, 51 w. Columbia, 537 W. Colemansville, p-v., Harrison co., Ky., 53 N. E. Frankfort, 521 W. CoLERAiN, p-t., Franklin co., Mass., 101 w. by n. Boston, 411 W. Watered by a branch of Deer- field r., which afTords water power. It is a fine grazing township, and has considerable manufac- tures. It contains 1 furnace ; 4 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 1 fulling m., 3 cotton fac. 6,220 sp., 2 grist m., 4 saw m., 17 sch. 769 scholars. Pop. 1,971. CoLERAiN, t., Ross CO., O., in the n. e. comer of the county. Pop. 1,281. CoLERAiN, p-t., Lancaster co.. Pa., 69 s. e. Harrisburg, 104 W. It has 4 stores, cap. $8,200 ; 1 furnace, 1 forge, 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,000. 7 sch. 240 scholars. Pop. 1,453. CoLERAiN, t., Bedford co.. Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $8,420. 1 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 5,190. CoLERAix, t., Hamilton co., O., 10 n. Cincin- nati. The Great Miami river forms its western boundary. It has 3 sch. 19 scholars. Pop. 2,272. CoLERAiN, p-v., Bertie co., N. C, 176 e. by n. Raleigh, 248 W. Situated on the w. side of Chowan river. CoLERAiN, p-t., Belmont co., O., 126 e. Co- lumbus, 272 W. The surface is hilly, and the Boil productive. I has 3 sch. 68 scholars. Pop. 1,390. CoLERAiN Forge, p-v., Huntingdon co.. Pa., 106 w. Harrisburg, 165 W. Situated on Spruce creek. Coles, county HI., situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 1,248 sq. ms. Organized in 1830. Drained by Kaskaskia and Einbarras.s rs., and by the heads of the Little Wabash river, which arfbrds mill seats. It is moderately un- dulating, has extensive prairies, and much good land. Capital, Charleston. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,569, sheep 9,745, swine 75,422; wheat 30,519 hush, prod., rye 1,403, Ind. corn 528,354, oats 61,722, hops 16,533 pounds, sugar 15,858; 22 stores, cap. $80,658; 3 tanne- ries, 4 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 11 grist in., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $43,515. 19 sch. 545 scholars. Pop. 9,616. Coles, C. H., p-o., Charleston v., capital of Coles CO., 111., 96 e. s. e. Springfield, 688 W. Situated 2i miles w. of Embarrass r. It has a court house, and several stores and dwellings. Cole's Creek, p-o., Columbia co., Pa., 113 .v. N. E. Harrisburg, 224 W. Cole's Mill, po., Delaware co., O Colesville, p-t., Broome co., N.Y., 124 w. s. w. Albany, 306 W. The Susquehanna r. passes through it. The surface is generally hilly, ex- cepting fine alluvial flats along the river. The village has 1 Presbyterian church, 1 store, and about 15 dwellings. Pop. of the t. 2,528. It has 2 stores, cap. $14,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 14 saw m., 20 sch. 901 scholars. Pop. 2,528. College, t., Knox co., O. It nas 3 sch. 125 scholars. Pop. 232. College Corners, p-v., Butler co., O., 110 Columl)us, 507 W. It is in the n. w. comer of the county, on the margin of the state of la. It has 2 stores, and several mechanics, and a small village. College Hill, p-o., Lafayette co., Miss., 166 N. N. E. Jackson, 919 W. College Point, p-o., Flushing t.. Queens CO., N. Y., 159 s. s. w. Albany, 239 W. It is the seat of St. Paul's College, an Eoiscopal institu- tion, pleasantly situated, commanding a fuie view of Long Island sound. Collegeville, p-v., Saline co., Ark., 15 s. w. Little Rock, 1,080 W. Colleton, district, S. C, situated in tlie s. part of the state, and contains 2,100 sq. ms. The surface is entirely level, and the soil is produc- tive. TheCombahee r. forms its s. w. boundary, and the Edisto passes through it. The Atlantic washes its s. E. border. Its principal productions are rice and cotton. Capital, Waterboro. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,595, sheep 8,975, swine 35,443; wheat 3,763 bush, prod., Indian corn 325,825, oats 29,823, potatoes 178,990, rice 5,483,533 pounds, cotton 420,910; 10 stores, cap. $9,700; 1 flouring m., 12 grist m., 13 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $30,800. 4 acad. 112 students, 21 sch. 642 scholars. Pop. 1830, 27,256 ; 1840, whites 5,874, slaves 19,246, free col'd 428 ; total, 25,478. Colleton, p-o., Fayette co., Tenn., 190 s. w. by w. Nashville, 875 W. Colletsville, p-v., Caldwell co., N. C, 213 w. Raleigh, 419 W. CoLLiKR.s, p-o., Edgefield dist., S. C, 91 w, Columbia, 569 W. CoLLiERSTOwN, p-o., Rockbridgc co., Va., 1.55 w. by N. Richmond, 195 W. Situated on Collier cr. in the w. part of the county, and has 8 or 10 houses. CoLLiERSviLLE, p-o., Milford t., Otsego CO., N. v., 73 w. Albany, 355 W. CoLLiERSviLLE, p-0., Shelby co., Tenn. Colliery, p-o., Oglethorpe co., Ga., 77 N. MilledgeviUe, 6l)l W. Collie's Mill, p-o., Caldwell co., Ky., 247 w. s. w. Frankfort, 779 W. Collins, p-t., Erie co., N. Y., 312 w. Albany, 364 W. The surface is undulating or hilly, and the soil various. Drained by Cattaraugus cr., which runs on its s. border, and by branches of that creek. It has 1 furnace ; 9 stores, cap. $14,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen factory, 2 tan- neries, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,200; 21 sch. 898 scholars. Pop. 4,257. Collins Centre, p-o., Collins t., Erie co., N. Y. Collins Settlement, p-o., Lewis co., Va., 296 w. N. w. Richmond, 264 W. Collins Cross Roads, p-o., Caroline co., Md., 73 E. Annapolis, 113 W. Collins Cross Roads, p-o., Colleton dist., SL C, 119 s. by E. Columbia, 608 W. CoLLiNSviLLE, p-v., Conton t., Hartford co., COL 141 COL Ct., 15 w. by N. Hartford, 338 W. It is situated on both sides of Farmington r., and is a flourish- ing manufacturing v., employed chieily on edge tools, particularly axes, of which several hun- dred thousand are produced annually. Collins's axes are extensively known. The village has 1 church, a lyceum, and about 1,000 inhabitants. CoLLiNSViLLE, p-v.. West Turin t., Lewis cc, N. Y., 123 N. w. Albany, 424 W. It contains 1 church, an academy, 3 stores, 20 dwellings, and 130 inhabitants. CoLLiNsviLLE, p-v., Huntingdon cc, Pa., 122 w. by N. Harrisburg, 165 W. CoLLiNsviLLE, p-v., Milford t., Butler cc, O., 105 s. w. Columbus, 498 W. CoLLiNsviLLE, p-v., Madison co.. 111., 86 .s. by w. Springfield, 792 W. It has 1 Presbyterian church, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., and various mechan- ics. COLLINSVILLE, p-c, Lycoming CO., Pa. Colon, p-t., St. Joseph co., JVIich., 135 w. s. vv. Detroit, 5S3 W. I'op. 420. CoLOssE, p-v., Mexico t., Oswego co., N. Y., 149 w. N. w. Albany, 374 W. It contains 1 church, 2 stores, and 25 dwellings. Colt's Neck, p-v., Shrewsbury t, Monmouth CO., N.J. , 40 E. Trenton, 206 W. It contains 2 stores, 3 grist m., 2 saw m., and about 20 dwell- ings, and is a place of considerable business. Columbia, r. (See Oregon Ter.) 1800. 1810. 1820. 1830. 1840. 3,210 8,208 13,247 18,827 23,364 4,196 7,227 8,218 8,263 8,459 4,948 7,360 8,441 7,312 COLUMBIA, (DISTRICT OF) The District of Columbia is a tract of country 10 miles square, on both sides of the Potomac river, about 120 miles from its mouth, ceded to the United States by Virginia and Maryland, in 1790, for the purpose of becoming the sea of government. It includes the cities of Wasliington, Alexandria, and Georgetown, and is under the immediate government of Congress. In 1800 the population was 14,093; in 1810,24,023; in 1820, 33,039; in 1830,39,858; in 1840, 43,712, of wliich 30,657 were whites, 8,361 were free colored persons, and 4,694 were slaves. Employed in agriculture 384, in commerce 240, in manufactures and trades 2,278, navigating the ocean 126, do. canals and rivers 80, learned professions and engineers 203. Population of the Principal Towns. Washington, Alexandria, . Georgetown, The surface of the District is gently undulating, furnishing fine sites for its cities, and particularly Washington and its public buildings ; the soil is naturally sterile, but it possesses a fine, healthy climate. Agriculture is, of course, not an object of primary attention, but the agricultural statistics in 1840, may be of some interest. There were 2,145 horses and mules, 3,274 neat cattle, 706 sheep, 4,673 swine, poultry to the value of $3,092. There were produced 12,147 bushels of wheat, 294 of barley, 15,751 of oats, 5,081 of rye, 272 of buckwheat, 39,485 of Indian corn, 707 pounds of wool, 12,035 bushels of potatoes, 1,331 tons of hay, 55,550 pounds of tobacco, 651 of silk cocoons. The products of the dairy were valued at $5,566, and of the orchard at $3,507. This district has become tlie centre of a considerable and active commerce, though it cannot at all compete with Baltimore, in its vicinity. Vessels of the largest class come up to Alexandria, 6 miles below Washington, where the Potomac is a mile wide, and from 30 to 50 feet deep ; and vessels of a large size come up to the U. S. Navy Yard, at the junction of the East Branch with the Potomac, at Washington. A very considerable quantity of flour and other produce comes dowii the Potomac, and centres chiefly at Alexandria, and some at Georgetown. The chief, business of Washington city has relation to the accommodation of the national legislature, and of the officers of the general government. The exports in 1840, were $753,923, and the imports were 119,852. There were 7 commercial and 2 commission houses in for trade, employing a capital of $310,000 ; 285 retail drygoods and other stores, cap. $2,701,890 ; 48 persons engaged in the hmiber trade, with a capital of $140,000 ; 527 persons were employed in the fisheries, with a capital of $64,500. There were produced home- made or family articles, to the amount of $1,500 ; 1 paper mill produced to the amount of $1,500 ; 9 persons manufactured pottery to the amount of $6,200 ; hats and caps were manufactured to the amount of $47,200, employing 48 persons, and a capital of $22,100 ; 3 rope factories employed 31 persons, and a capital of $24,925 ; 9 tanneries employing 72 persons, and a capital of $80,400 ; 7 other manufactories of leather, as saddleries, &c., manufactured articles to the amount of $110,450, with a capital of $66,750; 11 persons manufactured confectionery to the amount of $7,500, with a capital of $2,800 ; 42 persons manufactured machinery to the amount of $60,300 ; 189 persons pro- duced bricks and lime to the amount of $151,500; 97 persons manufactured carriages and wagons to the amount of $59,535, with a capital of $38,550 ; 4 flouring mills manufactured 25,500 barrels of flour, and with other mills, employed 30 persons, and produced to the amount of $183,370, with a capital of $98,500 ; ships were built to the amount of $20,257 ; 190 persons manufactured furni- ture to the amount of $125,872, employing a capital of $85,000 ; 60 brick and 33 wooden houses built, employed 142 persons, and cost $168,910; 12 printing offices, 10 binderies, 3 daily, 5 weekly, COL 142 COL 6 semi-weekly newspapers, and 3 periodicals, employed 276 persons, and a capital of $130,700. The whole amount of manufactures was $1,005,775. Georgetown College, a Catholic institution, was founded in 1799. The Columbian College, under the direction of the Baptists, was founded in 1821. In these institutions there were in 1840, 224 students ; there were in the district 26 academies and grammar schools, with 1,389 students, 29 common and primary schools, with 851 scholars ; and 1,033 wliite persons, over 20 years of age, who could neither read or write. In 1836, the Presbyterians had 14 churches, 9 ministers, and 1,134 communicants; the Episco- palians had 7 churches ; the Baptists had 5 churches, 4 ministers, and 533 communicants ; the Methodists had several ministers ; the Roman Catholics 6 ministers ; the Friends 2 meetings ; and the Unitarians 1 minister. At the close of 1840, the debt of the district amounted to $1,500,000. A branch of the Chesapeake and Oliio canal terminates at Washington. The Alexandria canal is a continuation of the Chesapeake and Ohio canal, 7i- ms. to Alexandria. The district is divided into two counties ; the county of Washington is on the N. side of the Po- tomac, and the county of Alexandria is on the s. side. In the former, the laws of Maryland are continued in force ; in the latter, those of Virginia. The district has never been represented in the Congress of the United States. Congress, however, makes what laws it pleases for both ; it meets annually at Wasliington, on the first Monday of December, unless otherwise provided by law. The President of the United States, and the other chief officers of the government, reside at Washington. The Supreme Court of the United States sits here annually, on the second Monday in January. At the suggestion of Gen. Washington, this district was fixed on for the scat of government ; and in 1790 was ceded for that purpose to the United States, by Virginia and 3Iaryland. Tlie city of Washington was laid out on a broad scale in 1791, but its magnificent plan remains to a consid- erable e-xtent in a state of nature, only a small portion of it having been built upon. In 1800, the scat of government was removed from Philadelpliia, and fixed permanently in this place. During the late war with Great Britain, the capitol was partially, and most of the other public buildings entirely burned by the British ; but they have been rebuilt, with greater magnificence. Columbia, county, N. Y. Situated in the e. part of the state, bounded w. by Hudson r., and contains 624 sq. ms. Organized in 1786. The surface is uneven and hilly, in its e. part, but less so toward Hudson r. The soil is various, and some of it very rich, and highly cultivated. Iron ore is found, and a lead mine in the town of An- cram. Marble exists also, and oxide of manga- nese, peat, and marl. There are also many min- eral springs. Those of New Lebanon are warm and much frequented. Watered by Kinderhook or. in the n., Claverack and Copake crs. in the centre, and Ancram or Roeliff Jansen's cr. on the s., which afford good water power. The Hudson and Berkshire railroad passes through the county. Capital, Hudson. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 32,699, sheep 123,063, swine 54,911; wheat 28,249 bush, produced, rye 323,299, Indian corn 412,032, barley 1,971, oats 1,107,702, potatoes 560,819; 1 commercial house in for. trade, cap. $14,000 ; 228 stores, cap. $679,200 ; 7 limiber yards, cap. $36,000 ; cap. invested in fisheries, $330,a)() ; 5 furnaces,2 forges, 28 fulling m., 19 woollen fac, 11 cotton fac. 18,256 sp., 10 tanneries, 2 distille- ries, 1 brewery, 12 flouring m., 39 grist m., 41 saw m., 4 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 1 bindery, 2 periodicals, 2 weekly ncw.ipapcrs. Cap. in man- ufac. $1,457,050. 11 acad. 909 students, 172 sch. 10,074 scholars. Pop. 1830, 38,325 ; 1840, 43,252. CoLii.MBiA, county. Pa. Situated centrally in the E. part of the state, and contains 700 sq. ms. The E. branch of Susquehanna r. passes through it, and Fishing, Calawissa, Big Roaring and other creeks. The surface is broken and uneven, but the soil is fertile. Capital, Danville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 13,525, sheep 22,184, swine 19,474; wheat 214,426 bushels produced, rye 153,246, Ind. com 205,400, buckwheat 50,584, oats 223,373, potatoes 163,480, silk cocoons 160 pounds; 55 stores, cap. $335,100; 2 furnaces, 7 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 23 tanneries, 12 distil- leries, 2 potteries 8 flouring m., 40 grist m., 74 1 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 3 weekly newspapers. Capital in manufactures, $266,487. 5 acad. 146 students, 87 sch. 2,902 scholars. Pop. 1830, 20,049 ; 1840, 24,267. Columbia, county, Ga. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 6(K) sq. ms. Savannah r. bounds it on the n. e. The surface is undula- ting, and the soil is fertile. Capital, Applington. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,533, sheep 6,343, swine 24,395 ; wheat 20,258 bush, produced, rye 874, Ind. com 403,796, oats 31,144, potatoes 16,51 1, cotton 3,738,537 pounds ; value of gold pro- duced $4,()t)0 ; 22 f-tores, cap. $59,900 ; 2 tanne- ries, 6 flouring m., 27 grist in., 13 saw m. Cap. in mamifac. $65,090. 6 acad. 240 students, 7 sen. 165 scholars. Pop. 1830, 12,606; 1840, whites 3.920, slaves 7,313, free col'd 123; total, 11,356. (Columbia, county, Flor. Situated in the .\. part of the state, and is bounded w. by Suvvanne r. and N. by the state of Ga., and contains 4,320 sq. ms. The soil is generally barren, covered with pines. There is some good land in the n. e. part. St. Mary's river rises and flows in its n. e. part. Randolph lake, toward its n. part, is 7 ms. long and 5 wide, and discharges its waters into St. Mary's r. (iadsden's spring, on the bank of Lit- tle Suwanne r., is 60 feet across, and 35 or 40 deep, and is celebrated for its medicinal proper- ties. Capital, Lancaster. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,707, sheep 81, swine 7,199; Ind. corn 35,975 bush, prod., potatoes 9,880, cotton 26,692 pounds, sugar 2,000; 3 sch. 61 scholars. Pop whites 1,649, slaves 450, free col'd 3 ; total, 2,102. CoLUMiiiA, p-t., Wasliington co.. Me., 15 w. 3Iachias, 120 e. by n. Augusta. It has good mill seats, and considerable trade in lumber. It con- tains 5 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanne- ries, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in raanufac. $1,200. 5 sch. 380 scholars. Pop. 843. Columbia, p-t., Coos co., N. II., 126 n. Concord, 587 W. It has Connecticut r. on its w. border, and several small mUl streams which flow into it. COL 143 COL The surface is imevfn and mountainous. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,800 ; 9 sch. 189 scholars. Pop. 620. CoLUMniA, p-t., Tolland co., Ct., 24 e. by s. Hartford, 355 W. The surface is uneven, and the soil gravelly, well adapted to grazing. Drain- ed by a branch of Willimantic r., which affords water power. Organized in 1800, previous to which, it belonged to Lebanon. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,220 ; 1 lulling m., 1 cotton fac. 288 sp., 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,300. 7 sch. 283 sholars. Pop. 842. Columbia, p-t., Herkimer co.. N. Y., 75 w. by N. Albany, 379 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, calcareous and sandy loam. Drained by branch- es of Unadilla and Susquehanna rivers, and by other streams which flow n. into the Mohawk. It has 3 stores, cap. $4,650; 1 fulling m., 1 wool- len fac, 4 tanneries, 3 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $25,745. 13 sch. 420 scholars. Pop. 2,129. Columbia, p-b., West Hempfield t., Lancaster CO., Pa., 30 s. E. Harrisburg, 102 W. Situated on the E. banli of tlie Susquehanna r., over which there is here a bridge 5,690 feet long, resting on stone piers. Incorporated in 1814. The Sus- quehanna canal connects it with HavTe De Grace, at the mouth of the Susquehanna ; and the Co- lumbia and Philadelphia railroad passes through the place. It has a town hail, a market-house, 8 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Luther- an, 1 Methodist, 1 Friends, 1 Roman Catholic, and 2 African — a bank, a library, an academy, and a weekly newspaper. The place is supplied with water in pipes, from some springs in the \'i- cinity. Its trade with Philadelpliia and Baltimore, in lumber, coal, iron, and produce, is considerable. Pop. 2,719. Columbia, p-v., Warren co., N. J., 71 n. by w. Trenton, 219 W. Columbia, t., Bradford co.. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,700 ; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,210. 13 sch. 325 scholars. Pop. 1,421. Columbia, p-t., .laekson co., Mich., 74 w. De- troit, 534 W. It lias 1 flouring m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,000. Pop. 952. Columbia, p-v., Fluvanna co., Va., 50 w. n. w. Richmond, 124 W. Situated on the n. bank of James r., at the mouth of the Rivanna r. It has 1 church, several stores, various mechanics, and about 200 mhabitants, one half of whom are col'd persons. Columbia, p-v., capital of Tyrrell co., N. C, 200 E. Raleigh, 324 W. It is situated on the E. side of Scoupernony cr., a little e. of its entrance into Albemarle soimd. It contains a court house and several stores and dweUings. Columbia, p-v., capital of Richland dist., S. C, and of the state, is situated in 33° 57' n. lat., and 81° 7' w. Ion., and 4° w. Ion. from W., 35 s. w. Camden, 73 n. e. Augusta, 120 n. n. w. Charleston, 506 W. It is situated on the E. side of Congaree r., immediately below the junction of broad and Saluda rs. to form the Congaree. The land rises gradually from the r., where is a plain of 2 or 3 miles in extent, from which the ground slopes gradually on every side. On this plain the town is situated, and the situation is com- manding, having an extensive prospect. It was founded ui 1787, and is regularly laid out, with streets crossing each other at right angles, and 100 feet wide. It has a state house, 170 feet by 60, 2 stories liigh, situated in the central part of the town, a court house, jail, market house, 2 banks, 3 academies, 6 churches, 1 Baptist, 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist, 1 Presbyterian, I Ro- man CalliulH;, 1 Lnitanaii. I'lie village m sup- plied with pure water from springs, raised by steam power, and distributed in iron pipes. The houses, mostly of wood, but a considera- ble number of brick, are built with elegance and taste. Large boats navigate tbe river at high floods. It is connected by a railroad with Charles- ton. Columbia is the seat of the South Caro lina College, a respectable institution, founded in 1804, which has a president and 8 profess- ors or other instructors, 168 students, and 13,000 vols, in its libraries. The commencement is on the first Monday in December. The buildings of the institution are 7 in number, of brick, and regular- ly arranged, presenting an imposing aspect. Be- sic'es rooms for the students, and other college purposes, they include houses for the president and a number of professors. The buildings con- taining rooms for students are 2, each 210 feet long, 25 feet wide, and 3 stories high, standing opposite to each other, with the president's house at the head of the open space between them. Their narrowness allows of a very complete ven- tilation. On the top of another building, which contams the library and philosophical apparatus, is an observatory. This institution receives $15,000 annually from the state, besides $200,000 which has been expended upon it. Pop. 3,500. Columbia, p-v., Henry co., Ala., 239 s. w. Tuscaloosa, 847 W. Columbia, p-v., capital of Marion co.. Miss., 113 s. s. E. Jackson, 1,063 W. Situated on the E. bank of Pearl r. It contains a court house and a few dwellings. Columbia, p-v., capital of Chicot co.. Ark., 142 s. E. Little Rock, 1,152 W. Situated on the w. side of the Mississippi r. It has a court house and a few dwellings. Columbia, p-v., capital of Maury co., Tenn., 42 s. s. w. Nashville, 719 W. Situated on the s. bank of Duck river. It contains a court house, jail, 2 churches, several stores, and 1,200 inhabitants. It is the seat of Jackson College, which was founded in 1830. It has at present 5 professors, or other instructors, 100 students, and one thousand two hundred and fifty volumes in its libraries. C^olumbia, v., capital of \Vhitley co., la., situ- ated on the N. w. side of Blue r. CoLU.MBiA, p-v., capital of Adair co., Ky., 98 s. by w. Frankfort, 612 W. Situated on Russell's cr., a branch of Green r., and contains a court- house,jail, 2 churches, 1 college, 61 students, 1 sch. 12 scholars. Pop. 486. Columbia, p-v., Fayette co., la., 55 E. Indian- apolis, 529 W. Columbia, p-v., Monroe co.. 111., 107 w. by s. Springfield, 820 W. Columbia, p-t., capital of Boone co.. Mo., 36 N. Jefferson city, 941 W. Situated on Roche Pierre r., a branch of the Missouri r. Pop. 3,365. Columbia, p-v., capital of Caldwell par.. La., 273 N. w. New Orleans, 1,187 W. Situated on the w. side of Washita r. It has a court house, 1 or 2 stores, and a few dwellings. Columbia, t., Hamilton co., O., 6 e. Cincin- nati. It was the second place settled in Ohio. Founded in 1789. It has Little Miami r. on the s. E., and Ohio r. on the s. w. The soil is fertile. It has 7 sch. 256 scholars. Pop. 3,043. Columbia, t., Lorain co., O., situated in the extreme e. part of the co., lying on both sides of Rocky r., 12 s. e. Elyria, 20 s. w. Cleveland. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000; 1 grist m., 6 saw m., 4 sch. 1 14 scholars. Pop. 876. Columbia, t., Gibson co., O. It has 2 schools, 40 scholars. Pop. 853. COL 144 COL Columbia, t., Meigs co., O., in the n. w. cor- ner of the county. Drnined by the head waters of Leading creek, which flows into the Ohio. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $l,fiOO ; 7 sch. 161 scholars. Pop. 672. CoLUMniA, t., Randolph Co., iVrk. It has 2 schools, 40 scholars. Pop. 6S0. Columbia Furnace, p-v., Shenandoah co., Va., 157 N. w. Richmond, 111 W. CoLUiviniA Lakk, p-o., Bridgewater t., Wash- tenaw county, Michigan, 50 w. by s. Detroit, 526 W. Columbia Cross Roads, p-o., Bradford co.. Pa., 153 N. by e. Harrisburg, 260 W. Columbia, b.. West Ilempfield t., Lancaster CO., Pa. Pop. 2,716. Columbia, po., Columbiana co., O., 110 K. n. E. Columbus, 641 W. Columbia, river of the United States, flows into the Pacific ocean. (See Oregon Ter.) Columbiana, county, O., situated in the e. part of the state, bounded on the s. e. by the Ohio r., and contains 750 sq. ms. In the s. part it is broken and hilly, with a light soil. The northern and middle parts are more level, and are extremely productive. Common and water limestone are found in all parts ; salt water is found in tlie s. part, and marl in the n., and iron ore in the middle. The climate is healthy, and the water pure. Watered by Little Beaver r. and its branches. The line of the Sandy and Beaver canal extends through the centre of the county. Capital, New Li.sbon. There were in 1840, neat cattle 24,810, sheep 88,747, swine 26,650; wheat 445,834 bushels produced, rye 30,737, Ind. com 336,857, buckwheat 32,058, barley 3,984, oats 463,430, potatoes 132,611, sugar 25,211 pounds; bituminous coal 163,000 bushels, salt 5,400; 5 commission houses in for. trade, cap. $30,000 ; 114 stores, cap. $406,150; 1 lumber yard, cap. $1,000 ; 3 furnaces, 10 fulling m., 8 woollen fac, 29 tanneries, 8 distilleries, 2 breweries, 5 pot- teries, 45 flouring m., 28 grist m., 72 saw m., 2 oil m., 1 paper fac, 3 printing offices, 3 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $346,737. lacad. 140 students, 114 sch. 2,421 scholars. Pop. 1830, 35,,508 ; 1840, 40,378. Columbiana, p-v., capital of Shelby county, Ala., 73 E. Tuscaloosa, 781 W. Situated 7 ms. w. of Coosa r. It has a court house and a few dwellings. Columbian Grove, p-o., Lunenburg co., Va., 101 Richmond, 218 W. Columbian Inn, p-o., Stokes co., N. C, 117 Raleigh, 328 W. Columbiana, in Fairfield t., Columbiana co., O. It has 1 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 273. CoLUMBiAviLLE, p-o., Martin co., la., 110 s. s. W. Indianapolis, 641 W. CoLUMBiAviLLE, v., Stockport t., Columbia CO., N. Y., situated half a mile e. of Hudson r., at the junction of Claverack and Kinderhook creeks. Incorporated in 1812. It contains 2 stores, 2 cot- ton f;\c. with 500 sp., 60 dwellings, and about 600 inhabitants. Columbus, co., N. C, situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 525 .sq. ms. The surface is level, and some of it marshy. Capital, Whites- ville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,554, sheep 5,600, swine 17,406 ; wheat 1,366 bushels produced, Ind. corn 79,155, potatoes 49,282, rice 38,627 pounds, cotton 24,035 ; 5 stores, cap. $10,000; 31 tanneries, 14 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,496. 1 sch. 15 scholars. Pop. 1830, 4,141; 1840, whites 2,799, slaves 1,086, free col'd 56 ; total, 3,941. Columbus, p-t., Chenango co., N. Y., 98 w. Albany, 353 W. The surface is hilly and some broken, and the soil clay and sandy loam. Wa- tered by Unadilla r. and its tributaries. The v. has 1 ciiurch, 2 stores, 1 tannery, and 20 dwell- ings. There are in the t., 2 stores, cap. $24,500 ; 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,031. 15 sch. 497 scholars. Pop. 1,561. Columbus, p-v., Mansfield t., Burlington co., N. J , 12 s. by K. Trenton, 163 W. It has 1 store anil about 30 dwellings, surrounded by a fertile country. Columbus, .po., Warren co.. Pa. Columbus, city, and capital of Franklin co., O., and of the state, 139 s. w. Cleveland, 110 n. e. Cincinnati, 175 s. Detroit, Mich., 184 s. w. Pitt.s- burg, Pa., 393 W. It is in 39° 47' n. lat., and 83° 3' w. lon.,and6° w. Ion. from W. It is situated on the E. bank of Scioto r., immediately below the con- fluence of Whetstone r. When this place was fixed on as the seat of the legislature, in 1812, it was an entire wilderness. The land rises gradu- ally from the river, and the streets cross each other at right angles. Broad-street extends from the bridge along the national road, a little s. of e. on the N. side of the public square of 10 acres, to the e. limit of the city, and is 120 feet wide. High- street, 100 feet wide, crosses Broad-street at the N. w. corner of the public square, at right angles, and passes through the city in that direction. This is the principal business street of the city, and is gravelled, and the side-walks are paved. All the other streets are 88 feet wide, and the al- leys 33 feet wide. A convenient wharf, 1,300 feet long, has been erected along the margin of the r. The public buildings are, a state house on the s. w. corner of the public square, a brick edi- fice, 75 by 50 feet, of two lofty stories, with a steeple 106 feet high. From the balcony, a beautitiil view of the city, and of the surround- ing country, is presented. Immediately n. of the state house is a building for the public of- ficers of the state, 150 by 25 feet. Still further N., in a line with the others, is the federal court house. There arc 5 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Ger- man Lutheran. Several of these churches are elegant buildings. The state penitentiary is a spacious and elegant edifice, on the bank of the Scioto, half a mile n. of the centre of the city. The asylum for the deaf and dumb is a brick edi- fice, 50 by 80 feet, 3 stories high, half a mile e. of the state house, with handsome Doric porti- coes. There is a lunatic asylum, an institution for the blind, a Ciennan Lutheran theological seminary, a fine banldng house of stone, with a Doric portico of stone. The private houses are neat and substantial, and some of them elegant. The national road passes through the place, and a canal of 11 miles in length connects it with the Ohio canal. Abridge across the Scioto connects the place with Franklinton. There were in 1840, in Columbus, and Jlontgomoi-y t., in which it is situated, 3 commission and 4 commercial houses in foreign trade, cap. $63,000; 58 retail stores, cap. $319,750; 3 lumber yards, cap. $12,000; 5 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 3 breweries, 1 pottery, 4 printing offices, 3 binderies, 1 daily, 3 weekly, 1 semi-weekly newspapers. Cap. in mauufiu; $257,850. Pop. 6,048. CoLU.MBus, p-t., St. Clair co., Mich., 37 n. e. Detroit, .561 W. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,200; 1 tannery, 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $2,800. 2 sch. 43 scholars. Pop. 155. (,'oLUMBus, city, p-v., capital of Muscogee co., Ga., 124 vv. 8. w. Milledgeville, 757 W. Situ- ated on the e. bank of Chattahoochee r., at the head of steamboat navigation, immediately below COM 145 CON the falls on the r., which descends 111 feet in the distance of 3 miles above. It is 175 miles above its junction with Flint r., and 275 above the Ap- palachicola bay. The river, just below the fails, is only 35 i feet wide, but soon widens to 25) yards. The town is elevated 6) feet above the ordinary height of the r., and covers l,2a0 acres. Two streets running parallel with the r., exactly N. and s., are 165 feet wide ; six others are 132 It. wide. The^e are intersected by 12 other streets, at right andes, which are UJ feet wide. It con- tains a court house, a juil, 4 banks, a market house, 5 churches— 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Roman Catholic— 300 stores, about 1,800 dwellings. There are 5 flouring mills, 2 cotton 'and woollen factories, and preparations are bemg made to erect 16 large cotton factories. From 28 to 30 steamboats navigate the r., and steamboats ply to New Or- leans. A steamboat requiring 5 feet of water can come to the place at any season. A bridge here crosses the Chattahoochee r., which cost $30,000. It was laid out in 1823, and its growth has been rapid, and it is still increasing. Pop. 1844, about 7,000. There were in 1840, 6 ibr. com. houses, cap. ??80,000 ; 106 ret. stores, cap. $473,000; 3 printing offices, 3 weekly newspap. Cap. in manulac $.59,800. 1 acad., 20 students, 6 schools, 124 scholars. Pop. 3,114. Columbus, city and capital of Lowndes co., Miss., 141 N. E. Jackson, 885 W. Situated on the E. bank of the Tombigbee, 120 feet above the r., and at the head of steamboat navigation. ]t contains a courthouse, jail, 2 banks, an acade- my, a female seminary, a theatre, a U. S. land ofiice, a market-house, 5 churches— 1 Presbyte- rian, 1 Cumberland do., 1 Baptist, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist — 2 warehouses, 2 printing offi- ces, 2 weekly newspapers, and a bridge across the Tombigbee, which cost $50,000. Pop. 4,000 Columbus, p-v., Hempstead co., Ark., 119 s, w. Little Rock, 1,184 W. CoLU.MBUs, p-v., Polk CO., Tenn., 170 e s. e. Nashville, 570 W. Situated on n. side of Ilia- wassee r. Columbus, p-v., capital of Ballard co., Ky., 110 s. w. by w. Frankfort, 837 W. Situated on the E. bank of the Mississippi r., 25 miles below the mouth of the Ohio r. Columbus, p-v., Adams co.. 111., 101 w. Spring- field, 878 \V. Columbus, p-v., capital of Bartholomew co., la., 41 s. s. E. Indianapolis, 579 W. Situated on the E. side of the East Fork of White r. It con- tains a court house, 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Methodist, 1 Christian, and 1 Roman Catholic — an academy, 7 stores, and about 600 inhabitants. There are in the t., 5 sch. 347 scholars. Pop. 2,431 Columbus, t., Warren co., Pa. It has 4 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 1 furnace, 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $33,127. 9 sch. 261 scholars. Pop. 1,169. CoLviNs, p-o., Wachitta par., La., 358 N. n. w. New Orieans, 1,228 W. Colvin's T.wer.n, p-o., Culpepper co., Va., 100 N. N. w. Richmond, 86 W. Com.\n's Well, p-o., Sussex co., Va., 48 s. s. E. Richmond, 167 W. It was some time since a watering place, but has gone to decay. It has a store and several dwellings. Comfort, p-o., Jones co., N. C, 119 s. e. Ra- leigh, 349 W. CoM.\c, p-v., Smithtown t., SufTolk co., N. Y., 137 s. by E. Albany, 267 W. It contains 2 church- es, a store, and about 20 dwellings. Commerce, p-t., Oakland co., Mich., 35 n. w Detroit, 559 W. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,375 ; 1 19 flouring m., 1 grist m., 3 saw m., 6 sch. 153 scho- lars. Pop. 939. Commerce, p-v., Wilson co., Tenn., 48 e. S. E. Nashville, 619 W. Co.m.merce, p-v.. Tunica county, Miss., 211 N. Jackson, 950 W. Situated on the e. bank of the Mississippi r. Its progress has been very rapid. It has a nutnber of stores and dwellings. A rail- road connects it with Hernando. Commerce, p-v., Scott co.. Mo., 230 s. e. Jef- ferson city, 863 W. Situated on the w. bank of the Mississippi r. It has several stores and dwel- ling.s. Commettsburg, p-o., Washington co.. Pa. Commons, p-o., Newport co., R. I., 34 s. Provi- dence, 430 W. CoMo, p o., Whitesides co., 111., 180 n. Spring- field, 813 W. C'OMSTOCK, p-v., Kalamazoo co., Mich., 137 w. Detroit, 601 W. Situated on the N. bank of Kal- amazoo r. It has 1 flouring m., 2 saw m., 1 store. The t. has 1 grist m., 4 saw m., 7 sch. 216 schol- ars. Pop. 624. Comstock's Landing, p-o., Fort Ann town, Washington co., N. Y., 66 n. Albany, 436 W. Concord, p-t., Somerset co., Me., 54 n. Au- gusta, 64S W. It lies on the w. side of Kenne- bec r. Incorporated in 1821. The soil is fertile. It has 2 saw m., 9 sch. 234 scholars. Pop. 577. CoMCORD, p-t., capital of Merrimac co., and of the state of N. H., lies on both sides of the Mer- rimac r., in 43° 12' 29" n. lat., 71° 29' w. Ion., 65 N. N. w. Boston, Mass., 146 s. w. Augusta, Me., 97 s. E. Montpelier, Vt., 153 n. e. Albany, N. Y., 481 W. There are here 2 bridges across the Merrimac. The v., containing 20U houses, is on the w. side of the river, and extends nearly 2 ms. between the bridges. There are also 2 other small villages in the town. Through Concord r., which is made navigable for boats, by dams, locks, and canals, and the Middlesex canal, and a rail- road recently finished, a communication is form- ed with Boston, where its extensive trade centres. There are 5 churches, and a court house, jail, &c. The state house is an elegant stnicture of hewn granite, 126 by 49 feet, with a projec*ion in the centre of 4 feet on each front ; it cost $30,0U0. The state prison is a solid structure of granite, 70 by 36 feet, surrounded by a high stone wall. The falls in the Merrimac, and the locks at this place, create a vast water power. There were in 1840, 36 stores, cap. $149,900 ; hardware and cutlery produced, $10,810; 1 fulling m., 1 wool- len fac, cap. $12,000; 3 tanneries, cap. $5,000; 2 potteries, 4 grist m., 13 saw m., 1 paper fac; 10 printins; offices, 5 binderies, 6 weekly newspapers, 1 periodical, cap. $43,950. Capital in manufac. $197,000. 1 acad. 180 students, 28 sch. 1,180 scholars. Pop. 4,897. Co'ncord, p-t., Essex co., Vt., 47 n. e. Montpe- lier, 556 W. It lies on the w. bank of Connecti- cut r. A branch of Pasumsic r. waters it in the N. w., and 2 beautiful ponds discharge their wa- ters into Connecticut r. It is a good grazing t. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,500 ; 1 fulling ni, 8 saw m., 1 oil ra. Cap. in manufac. $900. Popula- tion 1,024. Concord, p-t., semi-capital of Middlesex co., Mass., 17 N. w. Boston, 445 W. Concord r. passes through it. The soil is various, but gene- rally fertile. The v. contains a courthouse, jail, a bank, 2 Congregational churches, and about 80 dwellings. Here on the 19th of April, 1775, was made the first forcible resistance to British aggression. A handsome marble monument hai lately been erected, to mark the spot where the first enemy fell in the war of the revolution. CON 146 CON It has 5 stores, cap. $19,000 ; I grist m., 1 saw ni., 2 printing oflines, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $1,55). 1 aead. 85 students, 10 sen. 525 scholars. Pop. 1,784. Concord, t, Erie co., N. Y., 25 s. Bufralo,282 w. Albany. Tiie surface is hilly ; soil, clay l()am. Watered by Cattaraugus cr. It has 10 stores, cap. $13,3J0 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 fur- nace, 2 tanneries, 2 gri.st rn. 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,300. 21 sch. 1,104 scholars. Pop. 3,021. Concord, p-v., Sussex cc, Del., 46 s. Dover, 123 W. Situated on the head of Broad cr., a branch of IS'anlicoke r. Concord, p-v., Franklin co.. Pa., 72 w. Har- risburg, 122 W. Situated at the head of Tusca- rora cr. Concord, t., Erie co., Pa. Tlie surface is liilly ; soil, gravelly loam, adapted to grazing. Drained by tributaries of French and Broken Straw crs. It has 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,250. 6 sch. 225 scholars. Pop. 652. Concord, t., Delaware co.. Pa., 20 w. Phila- delphia. Watered by Painter's cr., a branch of Chester cr., which affords water power. It con- tains 1 Episcopal and 1 Friends' church. It has 1 store, cap. $800 ; 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,501). 3 sch. 105 scholars. Pop. 1,057. Concord, p-t.. Lake co., O., 177 n. e. Colum- bus, 345 W. It has 3 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 2 grist, m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $S00. 12 sch. 5U0 scholars. Pop. 1,136. Concord, p-v., Campbell co., Va., 102 w.bys. Richmond, 188 W. Concord, p-v., capital, Cabarrus co., N. C, 133 w. s. w. Raleigh, 376 VV. Situated on w. side of Big Coldwater cr., a branch of Rocky r. It has 3 churches — 1 Lutiicran, 1 Methodist, and 1 Presbyterian — 1 academy, a court house, 5 stores, 1 cotton fac, cap. S35,0J0 ; 5J dwellings, and about 350 inhabitants. Concord, p-v., Tippecanoe co., la., 63 n. w. Indianapolis, 6J1 W. (Concord, pv.. Baker county, Ga., 154 s. s. w. Milledgeville, 811 W. Concord, p-v., Lewis co., Ky., 104 e. n. e. Frankfort, 483 W. Situated on s. bank of the Ohio r. Concord, p-t., Jackson co., Mich., 84 w. by s. Detroit, 556 VV. The v. is situated on Kalama- zoo r., and has 2 stores and a large (louring mill. 'J'he situation is plcat-ani, the water power exten- sive, and the country around is fertile and nour- ishing. It has 1 store, cap. $10,000; 1 (louring m., 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufactures, $23,25 J. 1 sch. 43 scholars. Pop. 814. Concord, p-v., While co., III., IDI s. e. Spring- field, 75 J W. Concord, p-v., Lincoln co., Tenn., 78 s. Nash- ville, 713 W. Concord, p-v., Callaway co.. Mo., 35 n. e. Jefferson city, 92 ) W. Concord, t., Washington co., Mo. It has 1 Bch. 29 scholars. Pop. 5J7. Concord, t.. Green co., Ark. Pop. 256. Concord, t., Ross co., O. Pahit cr. crosses the middle of the t. Pop. 2,549. Concord, t.. Champaign co., O. It has 2 saw m., 3 sch. 65 scholars. Pop. 935. Concord, I., Delaware co., O. Pop. 1,185. Concord, t.. La Fayette co., O. It lias2 stores, cap. $2,200 ; 7 sch. 140 scholars. Pop. 1,014. Concord, t., Highland co., O. It has 4 sch. 161 scholars. Pop. 1,014. Concord, t., 3liami co., O. The Miami canal passes through it from s. to n., and tlie Miami r. Ibrms its e. boundary. It has 18 stores, capital $lt<7,t)00 ; 2 tanneries, 3 breweries, 3 printing of. fices, 1 bindery, 2 weekly newspapers, 1 perioili- cal, 3 flouring m., 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cup. in manufac $38,35J. 6 sch. 367 scholars. Pop. 1,034. Concord Acadkmv, p o., Caroline co., Va., 56 N. Richmond, 75 W. Concord Centre, p o.. Concord t., Erie co., N. Y., 393 w. Albany, 359 W. Concordia, lake, La. At seasons of high flood the water from the Mississippi flows into it, through a small bayou, and passes off into Bayou Tensas. It was evidently, in former times, the bed of the Mississippi river. Concordia, p-v., Fayette co., Tenn., 193 s. w. by w. Nashville, 888 W. It contains about 75 inhabitants. Concordia, p-o., Harrison t., Dark co., O., 105 w. by N. Columbus, 501 W. Concordia, parish. La. Situated in the E. part of the slate, and lies between the Mississippi r. E., Tensas r. w., and Red r. s. It is long and narrow, and contains 1,3 )0 sq. ms. The surface is level, and much of it liable to submersion, except narrow strips which border the streams. The soil is exceedingly fertile, covered, in its natural state, with a heavy growth of timber. The chief arti- cle of production is cotton. Capital, Vidalia. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,683, sheep 1,531, swine 11,613 ; Ind. corn 3J1,781 bush, prod., oats 4,03.', potatoes 21,486, cotton 19,490,600 pounds ; 1 store, cap. $1,5 ; 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3I,0(X). 3 sch. 49 scholars. Pop. 1830, 4,662 ; 1840, whites 1,380, slaves 8,003, free col'd 31 ; total, 9,414. CoNcoitnviLLE, p-v., Delaware co., Pa., 83 E. s. E. Harrisburg, 117 W. CoNEscHEAGUE, cr., rises in Pennsylvania, by 2 branches which unite 3 ms. N.of iMaryland hue, and it passes through Maryland, and falls into the Potomac at Willianii-port. Conecuh, river, ri.ses in Alabama, and runs through Florida, into Pensacola bay. Two ms. below the Florida line, it receives the Escambia, the name of which it afterward assumes, tiiough of inferior size. It is navigable for upwards of 100 ms., but the country is poor. CoNiicuH, county, Ala. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 1,531 sq. ms. Watered by Conecuh river and its branches. The soil is moder.itely good, and the chief production, cotton. Capital, Sparla. Theie were in 1840, neat cattle 22,269, sheep 2,737, swine 27,271 ; wheat 1,847 bush, produced, Ind. corn 237,025, oats 6,132, po- tatoes 3 J,U5 J, rice 2, <45 pounds, cotton 700,0(9; 9 stores, cap. $23,0(X); 20 grist m., 19 saw mills. Cap. in manufac. $35,550. 2 acad. 146 students, 9 schools, 151 scholars. Pop. 1830,7,444; 1840, whites 4,376, slaves 3,817, free col'd 4; total, 8,197. Conedogwinit, creek. Pa , after a course of 80 ms., falls into the Susquehanna, 2 ms. above Harrisburg. CoNEMAUGii, r.. Pa., rises in the Alleghany mis., and runs w. n. w. into the Alleghany r., 29 N. N. E. Pittsburg. In the lower part of its course, it takes the name of Kiskeminetas. It has salt works on both its banks, 15 n. e. Greensburg. The Pennsylvania canal passes along its border, from Johnstown until it enters mto the Alleghany. Its length is about 150 ms. CoNEMAUGH, t., Cambria co.. Pa., 15 s. w.Eb- ensburg. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay and calcareous loam. Little Conemaugh r. and Stone cr. unite in the w. part of the t., at Johnstown, to form Conemaugh r. It has 2 lumber yards, cap. $1,000 ; 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $930. 9 sch 439 scholars. Pop. 1,283. CON 147 CON CoNEMAUGJi, t., Indiana co., Pa. The surface is hiily ; soil, a fertile loam. Drained by Black- legs cr. SaU is found on the banks of the Conc- maugh r., which runs on its s. and s. vv. border. It has 6 stores, cap. !|4,'i50 ; 1 fulling m., 1 wool- len fac, 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,320. 5 sch. 337 scholars. Top. 1,441. CoNEVvAGO, t., York co.. Pa. It has 4 stores, cap. $2,900 ; 1 tannery, 3 distilleries, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. 19, U;0. Pop. 1,061 Co.vEWAoo Creek, r., rises in Adams co., Pa., and falls into the Susqueliaiina, opposite to Bain- bridge, alter a course of 4 J ms. Co.NEWAGO, t , Ad mis co., Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,700 ; 2 distilleries, 1 po'.tery, 4 flouring m., 5 grist m., 5 saw m. C ap. in manufac. $3,150. 1 sch. oO scholars. Pop. yy9. CoNKWAGO t^REEK, Pa., runs w. s. w.,and af- ter a coarse of 1.5 ms., enters the Susquehanna r. 5 ms. below Middle own. CoNEvvA.N'GO CiiEEK, N. Y., rises in Chau- tauque and Cattaraugus counties, receives the outlet of Chautauque lake, and Hows s. into the Alleghany r. it furnishes, in high water, a good descending navigation for boats and rafts. CoNEvvANuO, p t., Cattaraugus co , N. Y., 316 w. by s. Albany, 3J8 W. The surface is eleva- ted and rolling ; soil, fertile. Lrained by Cone- wango and Little Conewango creeks. It has "Z stores, cap. viQiJO ; 1 tannery, I grist m., 2 eaw m. Cap hi manufac. $2,800. t/ schools, 414 scholars. Pop. 1,317. Conewango, t., Warren co., Pa. Alleghany r. runs on its s. buider. The surface is uneven ; soil, fertile, particularly on the r Watered by Conewago cr., at the moutli of which, in this t., is Warren b., the capital o;' the co. It has 1 ful- ling m., i tannery, 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $lv.,5/0. 9 sch. 311 scholars. Pop. 8.58. CoNEWiXGO, p-v., Cecil co., Md., 73 n. e. An- napolis, 83 W. Situated on a creek of !he same name, near its entrance into the Susquehanna. CoNEQUENEisiNG, t., Butler CO , Pu., 10 \v. But- ler. The surface is rolling ; soil, loam, clay, aad grjvel. Watered by Conequenessing, Break Aeck, and Vellow crs. It contains 7 churches. Set- tled chiedy by Germans and Irish, and their de- scendants. It has 10 stores, cap. $26, .00 ; 2 ful- ling m., 5 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 pottery, 9 grist m., 11 saw m., 2 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $67,145. 13 sch. 600 scholars, fop. 2,6d i. Coxequenessing, cr., Pa., enters the Mahon- ing r. 12 ms. from its mouth. Conestoga r., Lancaster co.. Pa., runs s. w. into the Susquehanna, lO ms. below Columbia. Conestoga, t., Lancaster co., Pa., 5 s. Lan- caster. It has 7 stores, cap. $21,700 ; 2 forges, 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 4 flouring m., 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $J,000. 8 sch. 280 scholars. Pop. 2,886. CoNESus, t., Livingston county, N. Y., 10 s. e. Geneseo, 221 w. by s. Albany. The surface is hilly; soil, but moderately fertile. It lies be- tween Conesus and Hemlock lakes. It has 2 stores, cap. $7,000; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 10 sch. 3J7 scholars. Pop. 1,631. CoNEsviLLE, t., Schoharie co., N. Y., 20 s. Schoharie, 42 s. w. Albany. The surface is hilly ; soil, sandy loam. Watered by Manor Kill, a branch of Schoharie creek. It has 3 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 1 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $25,500. 12 sch. 507 scholars. Pop. 1,621. CoNGAREE, r., S. C, is formed by the union of Broad and Saluda rivers at Columbia, and after a course of .30 ms., unites with the Wateree, to form San tee r. Congress, t., Richland co., O. Drained by the head streams of the e. branch of Whetstone r. Pop. 1,248. Congress, p-t., Waj^ne co., O., 105 n. e. Co- lumbus, 356 VV. It lies on Killbuck cr. Pop. 2,006. CoNHOCTON, t., Steuben co., N. Y., 18 n. w. B tth, 2:5 w. by s. Albany. The surface is hilly ; the .soil, a moist clay loam. Drained by Conhoc- ton cr. It has 4 sto'ies, cap. $16,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 grist m., 1 1 saw in. Cap. in manufactures, $3,775. Pop. 2,965. CoNHOci ON, r., N. Y., rises in Steuben co., and tmite^; with 1 ioga r., near Painted Post, to form I hemung r. It affords fine mill seats, and is navigable from Bath in high water, for rafts and arks. It is 55 ms. long. CoNKi.iN, p t., Broome co., N. Y., 5 s. E.Bing- hamton, i45 vv. s. w. Albany, 3J4 W. The sur- lace is uneven, with adeep valley, through which the Susquehanna r. Hows. It has 1 store, capital >};2, (Oil ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $i95. 13 schools, 124 scholars. Pop. I,i75. ( ONNEAUT, t., Crawford co., Pa., 12 w. Mead- ville. The surface is rolling ; toil, gravelly, v onneaut lake lies near it. It has 3 stores, cap. ii4,i.OO; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 disiiliory, 3 grist m., 6 saw in. Capital in manufac. $:5,9>J0. i op. 1,534. Conneaut, t., Erie co., Pa., 15 s. Erie. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravel and loam. Con- neaut lake lies a liltle s. e. of the centre, through which Conneaut cr. flows. It has 1 store, cap. :i2,0L0 ; 1 fulling m., 1 grist m., 3 saw m., 14 sch. 524 scholars. Pop. 1,796. Conneaut, p t., Ashtabula co., O., 220 n. e. Columbus, 341 W. It lies in the n. e. corner of the state. It has a forge, 6 flouring m., and 8 saw m. The v. is situated at the entrance of onneaut cr. into Lake Erie, on which it has a harbor. It has 3 churches, 24 stores, and exten- sive exports of lumber, grain, pork, beef, flour, butter, cheese, &c. Considerable shipping is owned at this place. It has 1 acad., 13 sch. 805 scholars. Pop. 2,642. Conneautville, p-v., Beaver t., Crawford co., Pa., 231 N. w. by w. Harrisburg, 3ii4 W. It con- tains 1 .store, a mill, and several dwellings. Connecticut, r., the largest in New England, has its source m the highlands on the n. border of New Hampshire, and its w. branch forms the boundary, by treaty, between the U. States and Canada, to the 45° of n. lat. Its general course is s. by w., and dividing New Hampshire and Vermont, it pa.sses through the western part of Massachusetts, and the central part of Con- necticut ; and below Middletown, proceeding in a s. s. E. direction, it enters Long Island Sound, be- tween Saybrook and Lyme. Its whole length is about 410 miles ; and it flows through a fine country, and passes many flourishing towns. On its borders in New Hampshire, are Haverhill, Hanover, Charlestown, and Walpole ; in Ver- mont, Newbury, Windsor, and Brattleboro' ; in Massachusetts, Greenfield, Hadley, Northamp- ton, and Springfield ; and in Connecticut, Hart- ford, Middletown, and Haddam. It is navigable for vessels drawing 10 feet of water to Middle- towTi, and for vessels drawing 8 feet of water to Hartford, the head of sloop navigation. Above this, it is navigable for boats carrying 10 or 12 tons in descending, and two thirds as much in as- cending, passing a number o"" falls and rapidS in canals around them, and towed by small steam CON 148 CON towboats, to the mouth of Wells r. in Newbury, Vt., a distance of 250 ms. above Hartford. Im- mediately above this, are the Fifteen 3Iile Falls. The whole descent of the river between Han- over, N. H., and Enfield, Ct., is 371 feet, of which 218 have been overcome by locks ; at South Iladley 50 feet, Nutter's Falls 71, 15cllows' Falls 48i, Water Quechee l'2i, and White r. 36 feet. At Enfield is also a fall of 5 or 6 feet, around which is a canal 5s ms. in length. The principal tributaries of the Connecticut are, in New Hamp- shire, the Upper and Lower Ammonoosuc, Sugar, and Ashuelot rs. ; in Vermont, Pasumsic, W' ells, White, Quechee, Black, Williams, and West rs. ; in Massachusetts, Miller's, Deerfield, Chickopee, and Westfield rs. ; and in Connecticut, Farming- ton r. There are nimierous bridges over the Connecticut, the lowest of which is at Hartlbrd, Ct. In some places the banks of litis river are rough and precipitous ; but through a considera- ble part of its course, there are inter\als on each side, from half a mile to 5 miles wide, but little raised above the surface of the river, portions of which are annually overflowed, and thus enrich- ed, and which have great fertility. Besides the steam towboats, there are steam passage boats, which ply between Hartford and Springfield, and several steamboats of a larger size, lorm a lino from Hartford to the city of New York, stopping at the intermediate places on the r. This r. is distinguished for its shad fisheries, and the fish wliich are caught are considered of a superior quality. Some other fish are taken, but salmon, lormerly common, no longer frequent the river. CONNECTICUT. Connecticut, the southernmost of the Eastern United States, is bounded n. by Massachusetts, E. by Rhode Island, s. by Long Island Sound, and w. by New York. It is between 41° and 42° 2' N. lat., and 71° 20' and 73° 15' w. Ion., and between 3° 16' and 5° 11' e. Ion. from W. It contains 4,674 sq. ms., or 2,991,360 acres. The population in 1790 was 237,946; in 1800, 251,002 ; in 1810, 261,942 ; in 1820, 275,248 ; in 1830, 297,711 ; in 1840, 300,015. Of these 148,300 were white males, 153,556 do. females, 3,881 free col- ored males, 4,214 do. females. Employed in agriculture, 56,955 ; in commerce, 2,743 ; manufac- tures and trades, 27,932; navigating the ocean, 2,700; do. rivers, &c., 431 ; learned professions and engineers, 1,697. The capitals are Hartford, on the Connecticut r., at the head of sloop navigation, 50 miles from its mouth ; and New Haven, on a bay which sets up 4 miles from Long Island Sound. The state is divided into 8 counties, which, with their population in 1840, and their capitals, were as follows: Fairfield, 49,917, Fairfield and Danbury ; II.\rtford, 55,629, Hartford; Litchfield, 40,448, Litchfield ; Middlese.x, 24,879, Middletown; New Haven, 43,5S2, New Haven; New London, 44,463, New London and Norwich ; Tolland, 17,980, Tolland ; W^indham, 28,080, Brook- lyn. These counties are divided into 144 cities and townships. Connecticut is in general a hilly country, but the hills are not of great elevation. In passing over the state e. and w. they occur very frequently, but much less so N. and s. A range of hills 8 or 10 ms. E. of Connecticut r., passes through a considerable portion of the state. Another and higher range commences at a high blufT called East Rock, a little n. e. of New" Haven, and passes northwardly through the state into Massachusetts ; a yet higher commences at West Rock, still more elevated than East Rock, a little to the n. w. of New Haven, and proceeds northwardly- through the state, and constitutes the southern portion of the Green 3Iountain range. In the n. w. parts of this state, this range deserves and receives the name of mountains. The soil is generally good, but better adapted to grazing than to tillage. The interval land on the Connecticut river is exceedingly fertile, and very easily tilled. The soil in general is well cultivated, and produces Indian corn, rye, in some parts wheat, oats, barley, buckwheat, flax abundantly, some hemp, pota- toes, pumpkins, turnips, pease, beans, &c. Apples are abundant, and some other fruits. Neat cat- tle, horses, sheep, butter, and cheese are produced extensively. In 1840 there were in the state, 34,650 horses and mules, 233,650 neat cattle, 403,462 sheep, 131,961 swine ; poultry to the amount of $176,62J. There were produced 87,009 bushels of wheat, 33,759 of barley, 1,453,262 of oats, 737,424 of rye, 303,043 of buckwheat, 1,500,411 of Indian corn, 8-^9,^70 pounds of wool, 3,414,233 bushels of potatoes, 426,704 tons of hay, 83,764 pounds of hemp and flax, 47 1,657 of tobacco, 17,533 of silk cocoons, 51,761 of sugar. The products of the dairy amounted to $1,376,534, and of the or- chard to $296,232 ; value of lumber, $147,841 ; and 2,666 gallons of wine were made. The shore of Connecticut is indented w ith numerous bays and creeks, which furnish many har- bors. The principal seaports are New London, which has one of the finest harbors in the country ; New Haven, which has a safe harbor that in many parts is shallow, and is said to be gradually filling up ; and Bridgeport. Long Island Sound extends the whole length of the state, and greatly facilitates the coasting trade, by warding ofT the swell and dangers of the Atlantic. The principal trade is with the West Indies. New London has engaged extensively in the whalingr business. The exports of this state consist of beef, pork, horses, cattle, mules, butter, cheese, Ind. corn, rye, flaxseed, fish, candles, and soap. Iron ore of a superior quality is found in Salisbury and Kent, and the former has long been, on account of its tenacity, manufactured into anchors. Fine marble is found in Millbrd and the vicin- ity, oad an excolleot frcoatone in Chatliara and Hadd.ini, easily wrought, and eitensivoly used in CON 149 CON building in the neighboring cities, and New Vork, for basements, lintels, &c. There are mineral springs at Stafford and Suffield, the former of which is very celebrated, and much frequented. The climate of Connecticut is healthy, though subject to extremes of heat and cold ; the sea coast is particularly variable. The n. w. winds, in the winter season, are cold and piercing ; those which blow from the s. are more mild ; and a great change in the weather generally occurs with a change of the wind. The 3 principal rivers are the Connecticut, navigable for vessels drawing 8 feet of water 50 ms. to Hartford, crossing the state nearly in the middle, and entering the sound between Saybrook and Lyme ; the Housatonic, navigable for small vessels 12 ms. to Derby, and entering the sound be- tween Milford and Stratford ; the Thames, navigable 14 ms. to Norwich, and entering the Atlan- tic at New London. Farmington and Naugatuck are considerable streams, furnishing extensive ■water power. There are 6 cities in Connecticut — Hartford, New London, New Haven, Middletown, Bridgeport, and Norwich. The other principal places are Stonington, Danbury, New Milford, Norwalk, Meri- den, Wethersfield, East Windsor, Litclilield, and Waterbury. The exports of this state in 1840 amounted to $518,210, and the imports to $227,072. Tliere were 10 commercial and 13 commission houses engaged in for. trade, with a capital of $565,000 ; 1,630 retail drygoods and other stores, with a capital of $6,637,636 ; 582 persons in the lumber trade em- ployed a capital of $433,425 ; 293 persons engaged in transportation, with 76 other persons as butchers, packers, &c., employing a capital of $162,065 ; 2,215 persons were employed in the fisheries, with a capital of $1,301,640. The manufactures of Connecticut are not less extensive than its commerce. There were in 1840, home-made or family goods produced to the amount of $226,162 ; 119 woollen manufactories, em- ploying 2,356 persons, producing articles to the value of $2,494,313, and employing a capital of $1,931,335 ; 116 cotton factories, with 181,319 spmdles, employing 5,153 persons, producing articles to the amount of $2,715,964, and employing a capital of $3,152,000 ; 23 furnaces, producing 96,405 tons of cast iron, and 44 forges and rolling mills, producing 3,632 tons of bar iron, the whole em- ploying Si'S persons, and a capital of $577,300 ; 36 paper manufactories, produced articles to the amount of $536,500, and other paper manufactures produced $64,000, the whole employing 454 persons, with a capital of $653,800 ; hats and caps were manufactured to the amount of $649,530, and straw bonnets to the amount of $236,730, the whole employing 1,814 persons, and employing a capital of $350,823 ; 197 tanneries employed 1,359 persons, with a capital of $494,477 ; 408 other leather manufactories, as saddleries, &c., produced articles to the amount of $2,017,931, and em- ployed a capital of $323,267 ; 2 glass houses with 64 persons, produced $32,000, with a capital of $32,000 ; 14 potteries, employing 44 persons, produced $40,850, with a capital of $31,830 ; 8 pow- der mills, employing 26 persons, produced 662,500 pounds of powder, with a capital of $77,000 ; 335 persons produced machinery to the value of $319,630; 1,109 persons produced hardware and cutlery to the amount of $1,114,725 ; 55 persons manufactured granite, marble, &c. to the amount of $50,866 ; bricks and lime were produced to the amount of $151,446 ; soap and tallow and wax candles employed a capital of $46,000 ; 1,289 persons produced carriages and wagons to the amount of $929,301, with a capital of $513,411 ; 7 flouring mills produced 15,500 barrels of flour, and with grist mills, saw mills, and other mills, employed 895 persons, and manufactured articles to the value of $543,509, and employed a capital of $727,440 ; 70 distilleries employed 42 persons, pro- duced 215,893 gallons of spirits, with a capital of $50,380 ; ships were built to the amount of $428,930 ; 16 rope walks employed 107 persons, and produced articles to the amount of $150,775, with a capital of $35,700 ; 786 persons manufactured furniture to the amount of $253,675, with a capital of $342,770; 95 brick, and 517 wooden houses were erected by 1,539 men, to the value of $1,086,295 ; there were 36 printing offices, aud 17 binderies, 2 daily, 27 weekly, and 4 semi-weekly newspapers, and 11 periodicals, the whole employing 3S8 persons, and a capital of $217,075. The whole amount of capital employed in manufactures was $13,669,139. This state has 3 colleges. Yale College, at New Haven, is one of the oldest, and is the most flourishing institution of the kind in the United States. It was founded in 1701, and removed from Saybrook to New Haven in 1717. Washington College, at Hartford, under the direction of the Episcopalians, was founded in 1826, and is flourisliing. The Wesleyan University, at MiddletowTi, is under the direction of the Methodists, and is a growing institution. The Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb, at Hartford, is the oldest and most respectable institution of the kind in the United States, and has generally 130 students. In 1840 there were in the 3 colleges, 700 students; there were in the state 127 academics and grammar schools, with 4,865 students ; 1,619 common and pri- mary schools, with 65,739 scholars; and 526 persons over 20 years of age who could neither read nor write, the least number of any state in the Union. Connecticut has a larger productive school fund, in proportion to its population, than any other stale, amounting to about $2,003,000. This originated chiefly from tlie sale of the Western Reserve, constituting a large part of the nortliem CON 150 CON portion of the state of Oliio, included in its original charter, and ceded to it by the United States, by way of compromise. The principal religious denominations are the Congregational ists, the Baptists, the Episcopalians, and the Methodists. In 1836 the Congregationalists had 232 churches, 271 ministers, and 29,579 communicants ; the Baptists 92 clnirches, 90 ministers, and 10,03J communicants ; the Episcopa- lians 1 bishop and 63 ministers ; the Methodists 73 ministers. Besides these, there were a few Roman Catholics, Unitarians, and Universalists. At the commencement of 1840, there were 33 banks and branches, with a capital of $8,832,223. It had no state debt. There is a state prison at Wethersfield, erected in 1826. Tlie government of the state is vested in a governor, lieutenant-governor, who is president of the senate, and in a senate and house of representatives. The senate consists of not less than 18 nor of more than 24 members. Most of the towns choose 2 representatives ; some, of less population, but one. The sessions of the legislature are held annually, alternately at Hartford and at New Haven. The supreme court consists of 5 judges, appointed by the legi^latu^e, holding their offices during good behavior, or until they are 70 years of age. These judges hold separately a court twice a year, in each county ; and all the judges together hold one court annually in each county, as a court of errors. The county courts consist of 3 judges in each county, appointed annually by the legislature. There are justices of the peace in the several towns, who have cognizance of all cases where the demand does not exceed $35. The cities have ciiy courts, consisting of ihe mayor and 2 senior aldermen, having cognizance of all civil actions, which do not respect the title of land. The principal internal improvements in Connecticut are the Farmington canal, extending from New Haven, 56 ms., to the n. line of the state, whence it is continued to Northampton, Ma>s. ; at Enfield, a canal extends around the falls in Connecticut river of 5i ms., which, vvilh other improve- ments above, is designed to make the river navigable for boats and steamboats to White river, in Vt. ; the Norwich and Won^ester railroad, 5-ii miles, extends from Norwich n. through the state; the New Haven and Hartford railroad, 36 miles, connects the two places, and is to be extended to meet the Western Massachusetts railroad at Springfield ; the Housatonic railroad commences at Bridgeport, and extends to North Canaan, at the n. line of the stale, 73 miles, and is continued to meet the Western railroad of Massachusetts, at West Stockbridge. The state consisted, at its first settlement, of two colonies, denominated Connecticut, having the seat of government at Hartford ; and New Haven, at New Haven. The colony of Conneciicut was settled in 1633, at Windsor, by emigrants from Massachusetts, who peneiralcd through the wilderness. Hartford was settled by the English in 1635, the Dutch having previously built a fort there, which they did not permanently hold. Wethersfield was settled in 1636. The colony at New Haven was settled by the English in 1631. By a charter granted by Charles II., in 1663, these colonies were united. During the tyranny of Andros, an attempt was made to procure a sur- render of the charter. The subject was publicly debated in the evening, at Hartford, when sud- denly the candles were extinguished, and the charter was hid in the hollow of an oak tree, which has become famous since as the Charier Oak. This charter continued to be the basis of the gov- ernment imtil the year 1818, when the present constitution was formed. In 1703, the celebrated Saybrook Platform, or constitution of the Congregational churches, was adopted. Connecticut took a very active part in the revolutionary war, and a number of her towTis, par- ticularly Danbury and New London, were burned by the enemy ; the latter under the command of the traitor Arnold. The constitution of the United States was adopted in a convention, January 9, 1783 ; yeas 128, nays 40 ; majority 83. CoNNELsviLLE, p-t., and b., Fayette co.. Pa., 180 w. by s. Harrisburg, 206 W. The b. is situ- ated on the E. bank of the Youghiogany river. Chartered in 1806. It has 2 churches, 9 stores, 2 grist m., 1 saw m., and about 120 dwellings. There are in the t., 7 stores, cap. $26,800 ; 3 fur- naces, 4 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 paper manufac, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $16,160. 5 sch. 190 scholars. Pop. 1,4:^6. Conner's Mills, Cooper co.. Mo., 45 n. w. Jefferson city, 960 W. CoNNEUsviLLE, p-v., Capital of Fayette co., la., 60 E. s. E. Indianapolis, 519 W. Situated on the w. side of Whitewater r. It contains 3 chtirches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Methodist, and 1 Christian — 8 stores, 3 academies, 1 seminary, and 596 inhabitants. Pop. of the t. 1,372. CoNOTEN, p v.. North t., Harrison co., O., 118 N. E. Columbus, 2'J6 W. Situated on Conoten cr., a branch of Tuscarawas r. Conn's Creek, p-o., Shelby co., la., 34 s. E Indianapolis, 563 W. Co.NQUEST, pt., Cayuga co., N. Y., 15 n. Au- burn, 161 w. by n. Albany, 3*7 W. The surface is rolling; soil, clay and sandy loam. Bounded N. by Seneca r., which here divides so as to form Howland's island in the s. w. corner of the town. The V. contains 2 churches, 2 stores, 1 flouring in., 1 saw m., 20 dwellings, and about 130 inhab- itants. There are in the town 2 stores, capital CON 151 COO $7,000 ; 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $300. 16 sch. 657 scholars. Fop. 1,911. CoNdCF.ST, po., Miami ec, O., 63 w. Colum- bus, 462 W. Conrad's Store, p-o., Rocldngham co., Va., 109 N. w. Richmond, 124 W. Co.\sT.\BLE, t., Franlvlin co., N. Y., 6 n. Ma- lone, 218 .N. by w. Albany. The surface is level, and the soil sandy loam. Drained by Trout r., which flows into the Chateaugay r., a branchof the St. Lawrence. It has 2 siores, cap. $10,150; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,853. 7 sch. 379 scholars. Pop. 1,122. CoNSTABLEviLLE, p-v.. West Turin t., Lewis CO., N. Y., 138 N. w. Albany, 419 W. It con- tains 2 churches — 1 Episcopal and 1 Union — 2 ' stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 20 dwellings, and ' about 13J inhabitants. I CoN'STANTiA, p-t., Oswego CO., N. Y., 135 w. N. w. Albany, 3j e. O-swego, 373 W. The sur- face is level ; soil, sandy loam. Oneida lake bounds it on the s. Drained by Scriba cr. It has 8 stores, cap. $22,000 ; 2 furnaces, 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 19 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $57,330. 15 sch. 583 scholars. Pop. 1,476. CoNsTAXTi.vE, p-v., St. Joseph CO., Mich., 149 w. s. w. Detroit, 596 W. Situated on St. Joseph r., at the junction of Fall r. It has 1 Episcopal church, 7 stores, 1 flouring m., and 2 saw m. Steamboats and keel boats pass from this to the mouth of the St. Joseph. The rivers here afford excellent water power. It is a place of extensive business. Pop. 751. Constitution, p-o., Washington co., O. CoNTOocooK, r., Hillsborough co., N. H. Its principal branch rises in Rindge t., Cheshire co., and pursues a n. and n. e. course until it enters Merrimac r., on the n. line of Concord t. It is a fine mill stream. CoNTOocooK Village, p-v., Hopkinton t., Merrimac co., N. H., 10 w. Concord, 478 W. Sit- uated on the Contoocook r. Here is extensive water power, and a number of mills. Convenience, p-o., Favette co., O., 54 s. w. Columbus, 426 W. CoNVis, t., Calhoun co., Mich., 113 w. Detroit, 578 W. It has 5 sch. 16 scholars. Pop. 292. Conway, county, Ark. Situated in the cen- tral part of the stale, and contains 1,025 sq. miles. Arkansas r. runs on its s. w. border. Drained by Cadron and Point Remove crs. Surface uneven. Capital. Lewisburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,605, sheep 939, swine 14,644, wheat 1,709 bush, produced, Ind. corn 135,365, oats 1,430, po- tatoes 10,570, cotton 2,702 pounds, 5 stores, cap. $14,600 ; 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $1,500. 1 acad. 22 students. Pop. 1830, 9S2; 1840, whites 2,695, slaves 192, free col'd 5 ; total, 2,892. Conway, p-o., Aroostook co.. Me. CoNWAY, p-t., Carroll co., N. H., 68 n. n. e. Concord, 55 i W. Watered by Swift r., and other branches of Saco r., which passes through it. The Saco is here 10 or 12 rods wide. There is a large Eond on its s. border, which has an outlet into aco r. A sulphur sprmg here is some resorted to. Magnesia and fuller's earth are also found. It has 6 stores, cap. $11,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tan- nery, 2 grist ra., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,755. 18 sch. 737 scholars. Pop. 1,801. Conway, p-t., Franklin co., Mass., 102 w. by N. Boston, 397 W. Deerfield r. washes its n. e. border, and a branch of this r. passes through it. Incorporated in 1767. It has a Congregational and a Baptist church, and considerable manufac- tures. It has 6 stores, cap. $10,300 ; 1 woollen fac, 3 cotton fac. 2,294 sp., 1 tannery, 2 distiller- ie.s, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. 17 sch. 431 scholars. Pop. 1,409. Conwayborough p-v., capital of Horry dist., S. C, 196 E. by s. Columbia, 463 W. Situated on the vv. bank of Waccamaw r., which is navi- gable to this place for steamboats. It contains a court house, and several stores and dwellings. CoNVN'GHAM. p-v., Luzerne co.. Pa., 108 n. n. E. Harrisburg, 218 W. It occupies a romantic situation, surrounded by mountains. It is neatly built, chiefly on one street, and contains several stores, and over 50 dwellings. Cook, county, 111., in the n. e. part of the state, lies on Lake Michigan. It contains 864 sq. ms. The surface is undulating, consisting of prairie, groves of limber, and some swamp. Drained by Calumic, Cliicago, and Des Plaines rivers. Cap- ital, Chicago. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,441, sheep 990, swine 10,312; wheat 24,977 bush, produced, Ind. corn 49,231, buckwheat 3,710, barley 3,494, oats 109,129, potatoes 122,176 ; 4 commission houses, cap. $35,300 ; 102 stores, cap. $409,800 ; 11 lumber yards, cap. $33,900 ; I furnace, 1 distillery, 1 brewery, 2 flouring m., 1 saw m., 3 printing offices, 1 periodical, 2 daily, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $62,150. 16 sch. 493 scholars. Pop. 10,201. Cook's Bridge, p-o., JNewcastle co., Del., 62 w. by N. Dover, 96 W. CooKHAM, p-v., Fairfield dist, S. C, 20 n. Co- lumbia, 439 W. CooKSBURG, p-v., Rensselaerville t., Albany CO., N. Y. Cook's Corners, p-o., Erie co., O., 103 N. E. Columbus, 412 W. Cook's Law Office, p-o., Elbert co., Ga., 110 n. n. e. Milledgeville, 566 W. Cook's Run, p-o., Clinton co.. Pa., 147 N. N. w. Harrisburg, 239 W. Cookstown, p-o., Washington t., Fayette co.. Pa., 197 w. by s. Harrisburg, 219 W. Situated on the E. bank of Monongahela river. It has 2 churches, 5 stores, 115 dwellings, and about 600 inhabitants. CooKsviLLE, p-v., Ann Arundel co., Md., 53 N. w. Annapolis, 58 W. CooKsviLLE, p-v., Noxubee co., Miss., 132 n. E. by E. Jackson, 885 W. Coolbaugh's, p-t., Monroe co.. Pa., 138 n. K. Harrisburg, 232 W. Pop. 159. Cool Spring, p-t., Mercer co., Pa., 175 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 248 W. Drained by Cool Spring cr. and Otter cr., branches of Neshanock r. It has 3 stores, cap. $3,500; 2 distilleries, 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $375. 12 sch. 420 scholars. Pop. 1,934. Cool Spring, p-o., Washington co.,N. C, 190 E. Raleigh, 314 W. Cool Spring, p-o., Wilkinson co., Ga., 56 s. Milledgeville, 704 W. Cool Spring, p-o., Warren co., Ky., 142 s. W. Frankfort, 663 W. Cool Spring, p-o.. La Fayette co., Mo., 122 w. N. w. Jefferson city, 1,048 W. Cooper, r., S. C, unites with Ashley r. to form Charleston harbor, entering it on the E. side of the city. A canal 21 ms. long connects this r. with Santee r., which opens an extensive com- munication between Charleston and the interior. Cooper, county, 3Io. Situated in the central part of the state, and has Missouri r. on its N. border. It contains 400 sq. ms. Drained by La Mine and Little Saline rivers," and Manitou cr. The surface is undulating, and the soil very fer- tile. Capital, Booneville. There were in 1840, coo 152 COP neat cattle 15,088, sheep 11,242, swine 40,298; wheat 43,371 bush, produced, rye 1,376, Indian corn 537,059, oats 163,773, pot itoes 22,6-i4, tobac- co 142,532 pounds, sugar 5,310; 31 stores, cap. $307,460; 5 tanneries, 8 distilleries, 4 flom-ing m., 5 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 w eekly newspapers. Capital in manufac. $114,850. 3 acad. 142 students, 21 sch. 811 scholars. Pop. 183J, 6,90t ; 1840, whites 8,312, slaves 2,157, free col'd 15; total, I0,4S4. Cooper, p t., Washington co.. Me., 196 e. n. E. Augusta, 782 W. It has a small lake on its n. E. part, the outlet of which runs on its e. border, and enters into Cobscook bay. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 7 sch. 277 scholars. Pop. 657. Cooper, p-t., Kalamazoo co., Mich., 131 w. Detroit, 596 W. It has 3 sch. 6J scholars. Pop. 376. Cooper's, p-o., Franklin co., Va., 169 w. s. w. Richmond, 244 W. Cooper's, po., Smith co., Tenn., 60 e. Nash- ville, 667 W. CooPERSBURG, p-0., Lehigh co., Pa., 95 e. n. E. Harrisburg, 108 W. Cooper's Mills, p-o., Lincoln co., Me., 13 s. Augusta, 605 W. CoopERSTOWN, pv.jOtsego t., capital of Otsego CO., N.Y., 69 w. Albany, 366 W. It is delightfully situated on a plain, at the outlet of Otsego lake. Incorporated in 1812. It is neatly and tastefully built, and is surrounded by beautiful scenery. The lake is a fine sheet of water, and its outlet affords good water power, and forms the com- mencement of the Susquehanna r. The v. has a court house, jail, 5 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Uni- versalist — 20 stores, besides 2 bookstores, 1 bank- ing-house, 1 academy, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 200 dwellings, and about 1,400 inhabitants. CooPERSTOWN, p-v.. Plumb t., Venango co.. Pa., 218 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 292 W. It has a store and 5 or 6 dwellings. CoopERsviLLE, p-o., Clinton co., N. Y. CoopERsviLLE, p-v., Lancaster co., Pa., 55 s. E. Harrisburg, 113 W. Coop Creek, p-o., Marion co., Tenn., 107 s. E. Nashville, 608 W. Coos, county, N. H. Situated in the N. part of the state, and has Lower Canada on the n., the state of Maine on the e., and Connecticut r. w. It contains 1,600 sq. ms. A stream, wiiich flows through Connecticut lake, forms one of the sources of Connecticut r. Hall's stream, another source, which lies w. of it, has been, by the re- cent treaty, fixed on as the n. w. source of Con- necticut r. described in the treaty of 1783. The majestic White mountains, and some others, oc- cupy the s. part of this co. Drained on the w. by Mohawk, Ammonoosuck, Israel's, and John's rivers, which flow w. into Connecticut r. On the E. flows the Androscoggin r., which enters the Atlantic through Kennebec r. Incorporated in 1803. Much of the land is rough, and not fitted for cultivation ; but on Connecticut r., and some other streams, it is good. Capital, Lancas- ter. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,334, sheep 21,092, swine 3,977; wheat 26,951 bushels produced, rye 4,3^3, Ind. corn 14,325, buckwheat 34,091, barley 6,523, oats 82,597, potatoes 432,521, sugar 194,3.S7 pounds ; 23 stores, cap. $51,300; 5 fulling m., 5 tanneries, 23 grist m., 54 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $86,060. 1 acad. 128 students, 105 ach. 3,104 scholars. Pop. 1830, 8,390; 1840, 9,849. Coos.\, r., Ala., rises in Ga., and runs through the N. w. part of that state iiilo Alabama, ana 8 miles below Wetumpka unites with the Talla- poosa r. to form Alabama r. The Coosa is nav- igable for steamboats 8 ms. above the junction to Wetumpka. Its whole course is about 240 ms. Coosa, county, Ala., a central eastern co., con- tains 870 sq. ms. Situated on the e. side of Coosa r., and is drained by Hatchet, Paint, and Wawakee creeks, falling into the Coosa r. Sur- face, hilly and diversified, with extensive pine forests. Soil, fertile. Capital, Rock brd. There were in 1840, neat cattle 14,173, sheep 1,435, swine 20,271 ; wheat 10,050 bush. prcKluced, Ind. corn 211,641, oats 5,656, potatoes 15,298, rice 10,780 pounds, tobacco 1,13.2, cotton 172,5J5; 28 stores, cap. $143,253; 4 tanneries, 8 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 printing office, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $29,785. 2 acad. 60 students, 5 sch. 110 scholars. Pop. whites" 4,853, slaves 2,125, free col'd 12; total, 6,995. CoosAvvDA, p-v., Autauga co., Ala., 106 s. e. Tuscaloosa, 83i W. Situated on the w. bank of Alabama r., 6 miles below the junction of Coosa and Tallapoosa rivers. CoosAWHATCiUE, r., S. C, runs s. s. E., and falls into Broad r. An eastern outlet, called Whale Branch, and also Coosaw r., forms the island of Port Royal. CoosAWHATCHiE, p-v., capital of Beaufortdist., S. C, 134 s. Columbia, 619 W. Situated on Coosawhatchie r., 75 s. w. by vv. Charleston. It has a court house, jail, and a few dwellings. CoPAKE, p-t., Columbia co., N. Y., 49 s. by E Albany, 342 W. The surface on the e. is moun- tainous; on the w. is a broad valley, through which flows Ancram cr., where the soil is good. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,800; 2 fulling m., 1 wool- len fac, 1 tannery. Cap. in manufac. $15,000. 8 sch. 397 scholars. Pop. 1,505. Copeland, p-o., Telfair co., Ga., 96 s. by E. Milledgeville, 743W. CopELY, p-t.. Summit co., O., 124 n. e. Colimi- bus, 6 N. w. Akron, 337 W. Tlie surface is gen- erally level, in some parts rolhng, and the soil good, both for grain and grass. The t. contains 5 saw m., 3 flouring in., 2 carding machines, and other mills and manufactories. It has 9 sch. 364 scholars. Pop. 1,439. Copenhagen, p-v., Denmark t., Lewis co., N. Y., 149 N. w. Albany, 423 W. Situated on Deer r., which, half a mile below the place, has a fall of 175 feet, nearly perpendicular, with high pro- jecting banks below, overhanging the stream, the whole constituting a great curiosity. The v. has 1 church, 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 ropewalk, 40 dwellings, and about 250 in- habitants. CopENitAGE.v, p-v., Caldwell co., N. C^ 206 w. Raleigh, 418 W. Copenhagen, p-v., Caldwell par.. La., 266 n. w. New Orleans, 1,180 W. Cope's Mills, p-o., Jefferson co., O., 146 e. by N. Columbus, 277 W. C^opiAii, county. Miss. Situated toward the s. w. part of the stale, and contains 900 sq. miles. Pearl r. runs on its e. border. Drained by Bayou Pierre, and head branches of Homochitlo river. Capital, Gallatin. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 12,127, sheep 3,264, swine 29,755; Ind. corn 331,650 bush, produced, oats 12,321, potatoes 48,860, rice 58,885 pounds, cotton 3,335,520 ; 10 stores, cap. $101,100; 13 grist m., 12 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $38,455. 12 sch. 251 scholars. Pop. 1830, 7,001 ; 1840, wliites 5,161, slaves 3,786, free col'd 7 ; total, 8,954. Copiah Creek, p-o., Copiah co.. Miss., 45 s Jackson, 1,049 W. COR 153 COR CopopA, p-0., Columbia t., Lomin co., O., 20 j 8. w. Cleveland, 135 n. n. e. Columbus, 365 W. Copperas Creek, p-o., Fulton co., HI., 77 n. W. Springfield, 827 W. Coral, p-o., McHenry co.. Ill, 221 n. n. e. Springfield, 773 W. Coram, p-v., Brookhaven t., Suffolk co., N. Y., 203 s s. E. Albany, 283 W. It contains 1 church, 2 stores, and 12 or 15 dwellings. Corbeau, v., Champlain t., Clinton co., N. Y. It contains 1 church, 2 stores, and several dwelUngs. CoRBETTSViLLE, p-o., Conklin t., Broome co., N. Y. Cordova, p-o.. Rock Island co., 111., 166 n. n. W. Springfield, 884 W. Corea Fabre, p-v., Union co.. Ark., 163 s. by w. Little Rock, 1,213 W. Situated on the w. bank of Wacliita r., at the head of steamboat navigation. Core Creek, p-o., Craven co., N. C. Core's Mills, p-o., Tyler co., Va., 323 n. w. Richmond, 279 W. Core Sound, on the coast of N. C, 40 miles long, opens in the n. e. into Pamlico sound. The island which encloses it contains Cape Lookout on its s. point. Corfu, p-o., Pembroke t., Genesee co., N. Y., 266 w. by n. Albany, 380 W. Corinna, p-t., Penobscot co., Me., 64 n. n. w. Augusta, 6.59 W. Incorporated in 1816. Wa- tered by a head branch of Sebasticook r. It is a fertile t., and has 2 tanneries, 14 sch. 409 schol- ars. Pop. 1,704. Corinna Centre, p-o., Corinna t., Penobscot CO., Me., 62 N. N. w. Augusta, 657 W. Corinth, p-t., Penobscot co.. Me., 85 n. n. e. Augusta, 630 W. Drained by Kenduskeag stream, which enters the Penobscot r. at Bangor. The soil is fertile. It has 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,000. 9 sch. 258 scholars. Pop. 1,318. Corinth, p-t.. Orange co., Vt., 34 s. e. Mont- pelier, 513 W. Drained by branches of Wait's r., which afford water power. First settled in 1777. The soil is a fertile loam. It has 6 stores, cap. $27,500 ; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,300 ; 21 sch. 708 scholars. Pop. 1,970. Corinth, p-t., Saratoga co., N. Y., 52 n. by w. Albany, 421 W. Organized in 1828. The sur- face is rolling ; the soil, sandy loam. It is bound- ed E. by Hudson r. The p-v., on the Hudson r., has been heretofore denominated Jesup's Land- ing, now Corinth. It has 1 Presbyterian church, 1 store, and about 20 dwellings. Its business in considerable in the lumber trade. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 2 fulling m., 1 wool- len fac, 4 tanneries, 2 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,400. 5 sch. 375 scholars. Pop. 1,365. Corinth, p-v.. Heard co., Ga., 120 w. Mil- ledgeville, 724 W. It contains an academy, and 20 or 30 dwellings. Cork, p-o., Ashtabula co., O., 191 n. e. Co- lumbus, 342 W. Corlaer's Hook, the s. e. point of the city of New York, at a sudden bend in the East r. Corn Creek, p-o., Trimble co., Ky., 47 n. w Frankfort, 566 W. Corneliusville, p-v., Boone co., Ky., 90 n by e. Frankfort, 516 W. Corners, p-o., Windsor co., Vt., 70 s. Montpe- lier, 468 W. CoRNERSBURG, p-v., Trumbull CO., O. It has a chuich, one or two stores, and 20 or 30 dwell- ings. 20 Corner Stone, p-o., Tioga co.. Pa., l31 ti. Harrisburg, 241 W. Cornersville, p-v., Giles co., Tenn., 61 s. Nashville, 711 W. Situated in the N. E. corner of the county. It contains about 12 dwellings, and 60 inhabitants. Cornersville, p-v., Graves co., Ky., 289 s. w. by W. Frankfort, 813 W. Cornersville, p-v., La Fayette co., Miss., 184 N. N. w. Jackson, 887 W. Cornersville, p-o., York co., Me., 78 s. w. Augusta, 549 W. Corn Grove, p-o., Benton co., Ala., 158 e. n. E. Tuscaloosa, 736 W. Corning, p-v.. Painted Post t., Steuben co., N. Y., 213 w. s. w. Albany, 287 W. Situated on the s. side of Chemung r. It contains 3 church- es — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Epi.-^copal, and 1 Method- ist — a banking hou.«e, 14 stores, 1 woollen fac, 1 flouring m., 2 saw m., 1 iron foundry, 1 carriage fac, 1 axe fac, and various other mechanical establishments. The line of the New York and Erie railroad passes through the place. By means of a canal and Seneca lake it is connected with the Erie canal. A railroad to Blossburg, Pa., 40 ms. long, connects it with the bituminous coal region of Pa. These communications have already rendered its trade in lumber, coal, &c., extensive. Cornish, p-t., York co.. Me., 76 s. w. Augusta, 547 W. Great Ossipee and Saco rivers bound it on the N. Incorporated in 1794. It has a fertile soil, and produces good wheat. It has 6 stores, cap. $4,700 ; 2 tanneries, 1 pottery, 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,930. 11 sch. 536 scholars. Pop. 1,263. Cornish, p-t., Sullivan co., N. H., 5S n. w. by w. Concord, 471 W. Connecticut r. runs on its w. border, over which is a bridge to Windsor, Vt. The surface is uneven, except on the r., and the soil is fertile. Chartered in 1763. Several small streams furnish mill scats. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 3 tanneries, 3 grist m., 6 saw m. 12 sch. 567 scholars. Pop. 1,726. Cornish Flat, p-o., Cornish t, Sullivan co., N. IL, 59 n. w. by w. Concord, 474 W. CoRNisHviLLE, p-o., McHenry co., HI., 210 n. N. E. Springfield, 762 W. Corn Planter, p-t., Venango co.. Pa., 217 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 291 W. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,000. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 1 sch. 23 scholars. Pop. 427. CoRNViLLE, p-t., Somerset co.. Me., 42 n. by e. Augusta, 637 W. Watered by Wessaransett r., a tributary of Kennebec r. Incorporated in 1798. It produces good wheat. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,500; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 15 sch. 459 scholars. Pop. 1,140. Cornwall, p-t., Addison co., Vt., 63 s. w. Montpelier, 477 W. Otter creek runs on its E. boundary. Lemonfair, a branch of the same r., crosses its n. w. corner. The surface is gen- erally level, and the soil a strong clay loam. In the s. w. part is a swamp, covering several thou- sand acres, but tlie place is healthy. There is a Congregational and a Baptist church. It has 3 stores, cap. $12,000 ; 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 12 saw m., 1 oilm. Cap. in manufac. $4,550. 7 sch. 240 scholars. Pop. 1,164. Cornwall, p-t., Litchfield co., Ct., 39 w. by iN. Hartford, 330 W. The siu-face is uneven in the w. part, and the soil various. Housatonic r. runs on its w. border, and a small tributary pass- es through it. First settled in 1740. A'^foreign mission school was established here in 1718 ; and at it a number of distinguished heathen youth have been educated, who have been useful COR 154 COT among the Americiin Itidiuns, and the Sandwich Islanders. The Housatonic railroad passes throiigli the t. There are 3 furnaces, 5 stores, cap. $16,000; 3 fulling ra., 2 woollen fac, 2 tan neries, 2 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in nianufac. $35,630. 14 sch. 447 scholars. Pop. 1,703. Cornwall, t., Orange co., N. Y., 6 s. NeW' burg, 100 s. Albany. The surface is hilly or mountainous. Butter Hill and Crow's Nest, the highest peaks of the " Highlands," arc here, and the sites of old forts Putnam, Clinton, and Mont- fnmery, of revolutionary memory. Here is also i'^est Point, the seat of the Military Academy of the United States, for a particular description of which, see West Point. It has 1 1 sch. 596 schol- ars. Pop. 3,925. Cornwall, p-o., Lebanon co., Pa., 42 e. Harris- burg, 326 W. Cornwall Bridge, p-o., Cornwall t., IJtch- field CO., Ct., 42 w. by n. Hartford, 326 W. A bridge here crosses the Housatonic r. Cornwall Hollow, po., Cornwall t., Litch- field CO., Ct., 3S w. by N. Hartford, 337 W. Cornwall Landlng, v., Cornwall t., Orange CO., N. Y. Situated on tlie w. side of the Hud- son r., at the northern termination of the High- lands ; it contains 4 stores, 20 dwellings, and about 125 inhabitants. CoRNWALLviLLE, p-v., Duiham t., Greene co., N. Y., 33 s. s. w. Albany, 361 W. It Las 1 church, 1 store, and 12 or 15 dwellings. CoRRiNOTON, p-o., Franklin co.. la., 81 e. s. e. Indianapolis, 507 W. CoRTLANDT, p-o., Kent CO., Mich., 186 w. n. w. Detroit, 667 W. Cortland, county, N. Y. Situated in the central part of the state, and contains 500 sq. ms. The surface ol this county is elevated, with gent- ly rising hills and broad valleys ; the soil is fer- tile, and alike adapted to grazing and to grain. Drained by Toughnioga and Osteite rs., which afford extensive water power. Iron ore is found in small quantities ; there are some beds of marl, and one or two sulphur springs, and a salt spring, t^apital, Cortland. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 33,739, siieop 99,160, swine 19,043; wheat 100,765 bush, produced, rye 2,730, Indian com 85,344, buckwheat 18,015, barley 29,935, oats 276,681, potatoes 575,506, sugar 429,690 pounds ; 3S stores, cap. $350,400 ; 3 lumber yards, cap. $2,200 ; 4 furnaces, 1 forge, 10 fulling m., 4 wool- len fac, 1 cotton fac. 1,916 sp., 17 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 brewery, 1 pottery, 23 grist in., 81 saw m., 3 oil in., 1 paper fac, 2 printing offices, 1 bindery, 2 w'eekly newspapers. Cap. in man- ufac. $369,955. 2 acad. 370 students, 179 sch. 7,930 scholars. Population, 1830, 23,755 ; 1840, 24,607. Cortland, p-t., Westchester ro., N. Y., 113 s. Albany, 262 W. The surface is hilly, and in the N. w. mounti\inous, including a portion of the Highlands. The soil is sand and a gravelly loam. Watered by Croton r., which is taken to the city of New York in a covered canal, to supply the city with wholesome water. The water is said to be very pure, being derived chiefly from fine springs. The p-o. is denominated Cortlandtown, situated in Croton village. Pop. 5,592. CoRTLANDviLLE, p-t., capital of Cortland co., N. Y., 143 w. by s. Albany, 314 W. The sur- iace is undulating ; soil, fertile argillaceous mold. Drained by Toughnioga r. and its branches. It has 9 stores, cap. $115,000 ; 1 furnace, 3 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,850. 41 sch. 1,717 scholars. Pop. 3,799. Cortland Village, p-v., in Cortlandville t., is situated on the Toughnioga r., and contains a court house, jail, county clerk's office, 4 church- es— 1 Pres!>yterian, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodiet, and 1 Univcrsalist — 12 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw ra., 1 paper m., 2 tanneries, 200 dwellings, and about 1,200 inhabitants. The situation is pleasant, the houses are generally neat, and some of tbem ele- gant. CoRTOisK, t., Crawford co.. Mo. Fop. 703. CoRTSviLLE, p-o., Clark co., O., 54 w. Colum- bus, 449 W. Coruxna, p-v., capital of Shiawassee co., Mich., 79 N. w. Detroit, 582 W. Situated on Shiawassee r., which affords gtwd water power. It has a court house, 1 store, 1 llonring m., and 1 saw m. In the immediate vicinity are beds of stone coal, lime and sandstone ; the last suitable for the manufacture of glass. CoRYDON, p-t., 3IcKean co., Pa., 233 n. w Harrisburg, 317 W. It has 1 store, cap. $700; 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $24,000. 1 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 246. CoRYDON, p-v., capital of Harrison co., la., 126 s. Indianapolis, 6'.i3 W. Situated on the e. bank of Indian cr., which flows into the Ohio. It con- tains a large stone court house, a jail, 2 churches — 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist — 7 stores, 100 dwellings, and about 700 inhabitants. CosGROVE Hall, p»-o., Union co., Pa. Coshocton, county, O. Situated centrally in the E. part of the state, and contains 562 sq. ms. Watered by Killbuck cr., Whitewoman's cr., or Walhonding r., and Tuscarawas r. The two lat- ter unite at Co.shocton v., to form the Muskingum First settled hi 1807. Organized in 1811. The surface is uneven, but the hills are arable, and the valleys on the rivers exceedingly fertile. There are salt wells, mineral coal, and iron, and lead ore in the co. Capital, Coshocton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 15,869, sheep 31,967, swine 27,905; wheat 319,755 bush, produced, rye 8,667, Ind. com 468,898, buckwheat 12,988, oats 186,597, potatoes 57,656 ; 38 stores, cap. $54,890; 1 furnace, 11 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 4 flouring m., 10 grist m., 26 saw m^ 1 oil m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $90,130. 14 sch. 484 scholars. Pop. 1830, 11,162; 1840,21,590. Coshocton, p-v., capital of Coshocton co., O., 83 E. N. E. Columbus, 337 W. Situated at the confluence of the Walhonding and Tuscarawas rivers, on the s. e. side, at the head of the Mus- kingum r. It is laid out on 4 terraces of land, each ri.siiig 9 feet above the other, the first three about 4(M» feet wide, and the last 1,000 i'eet. It is regularly laid out, with streets running atright angles with each other, and divkling the v. into 36 blocks of 400 feet siiuare, each divided into 3 lots. It contains a brick court house, a jail, and a large steam flouring and saw ro. 'J'here are in the t. 6 stores, cap. $7,600 ; 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly jiaper. Cap. in manufac. $2,930. Pop. 625. CossAWAGO, t., Crawford co., Pa. It has 1 store, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,600. 7 sch. 300 scholars. Pop. 1,269. CosMopoLi, p-o., Pickaway co., O., 25 s. Co- lumbus, 3LI6 W. ("oTE Sa.vs Dessein, p-v., Callaway co.. Mo., 11 e. by N. Jefferson city, 935 W. Situated on the N. bank of Missouri r., a little below, and op- posite the entrance of Osage r. It is the site of an old French village, and derives its name from an isolated hill on the river bank. The t. has 3 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 609. CoTiLE, p-o., Rapides par., La., 319 N. w. by w. New Orleans, 1,238 W. GOV 155 GOV Cottage, p-o., Montgomery co., Md., 48 w. n. w. Annapolis, 8 W. Cottage Gkovk, p-o., Dane co., Wis., 21 Mad- ison, 849 W. Cottage Grove, p-o., Clark co., la. Cottage Home, p-o., Lincoln co., N. C. Cotton, t., Switzerland co., la. Pop. 1,450. Cotton Gin, p-o., Lauderdale co., Ala., 145 n. Tuscaloosa, 754 W. Cotton Gin Port, p-v., Monroe co.. Miss., 180 N. E. Jackson, 905 W. Situated on the e. side of the Tombigbee r., immediately below the junction of the E. and w. branches, at the head of navigation. Cotton Grove, p-o., Davidson co., N. C, 102 w. Raleigh, 359 W. Cotton Grove, p-o., Madison co., Term., 137 w. s. w. Nashville, 821 W. Cotton Hill, p-o., Randolph co., Ga. Cotton Plant, p-o., Tippah co.. Miss., 202 n. N. E. Jackson, 874 W. Cotton Rtver., p-o., Henry co., Ga., 72 w. by N. Mdledgeville, 676 W. Cottonville, p-v., Marshall co., Ala., 109 n. E. Tuscaloosa, 706 W. Cottrelville, t., St. Clair co., Mich. It has 3 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $25,500. Population, 602. Cotuit Village, p-v., Barnstable co., 3Is., 63 s. s. E. Boston, 469 W. Coudersport, p-v., capital of Potter co.. Pa., 170 N. N. w. Harrisburg, 230 W. Situated on the N. side of Alleghany r. It has 2 public squares, one on which stands the court house and other public buildings, and 1 for an academy ; 3 church- es — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist — 4 stores, 25 dwellings, and 140 inhabitants. CooLTERsviLLE, p-o., Butler CO., Pa., 213 w. by N. Harrisburg, 255 W. Councill's Store, p-o., Ashe co., N. C, 224 w. by N. Raleigh, 388 W. County Line, p-o., Niagara co., N. Y., 272 w. by N. Albany, 415 W. County Line, p-o., Davies co., N. C, 146 w. Raleigh, 364 W. County Line, p-o., Campbell co., Ga., 117 w. N. w. Milledgeville, 712 W. County Line, p-o., Chambers co., Ala., 151 e. by s. Tuscaloosa, 788 W. County Line, p-o., Scott co., Miss4| 60 e. Jackson, 957 W. Coursenville, p-v., Stillwater t, Sussex co., N. J., 83 N. Trenton, 252 W. It is situated 5 s. w. Newton, the capital of the co., and contains 1 store and 6 or 8 dwellings. Courtableau, river, La., after a course of 35 ms. flows into the Atchafalaya r. Courtesy, p-o., Floyd co., Ga., 154 s. w. by w. Milledgeville, 679 W. Courtland, p-v., LawTcnce co., Ala., 119 w. Tuscaloosa, 759 W. CouRTWRiGHT, p-v., Bloom t., Fairfield co., O., 20 s. E. Columbus, 3S5 W. Coushohocken, p-o,, Montgomery co.. Pa. Cove Creek, p-o., Benton co., Ala., 131 e. s. E. Tuscaloosa, 724 W. Coventry, p t., Orleans co., Vt., 54 n. by e. Montpelier, 56(3 W. Watered by Barton and Black rivers, which enter into Lake Memphre- magog, and afford good water power. The n. part of the t. lies on the lake. Chartered in 1785, out not settled until 1800. The soil is generally fertile, consisting of a deep rich loam. It has 2 stores, cap. $16,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,500. 7 sch. 300 scholars. Pop. 786. Coventry Gore, a small strip of unincorpo- rated land, Orleans co., Vt. Pop. 10. Coventry, t., Grafton co., N. H., 12 e. s. e. Haverhill, 70 n. n. w. Concord. Watered by branches of Wild Araonoosuck r. and Oliverian brook. The surface is rough and mountainous. Moosehillock mountain, 4,636 feet above tide wa- ter, is in the s. e. part of the t. Chartered in 1764. It has 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $2,600. 6 sch. 175 scholars. Pop. 413. Coventry, pt., Tolland co., Ct., 17 e. Hart- ford, 353 W. The surface is uneven, and the soil a gravelly loam. Willimantic r. runs on its E. border, and Hop r. on its s. border, furnishing good water power, which has been improved. Incorporated in 1711. It has 4 stores, cap. $9,100 ; 3 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 830 sp., 2 tanneries, 1 paper fac, 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $196,137. 11 sch. 577 scholars. Pop. 2,018. Coventry, t., Chester co., Pa. Situated on Tioga r. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly loam and clay. E.xports lumber. Coal and iron ore abound. The village is on the e. bank of Tioga r. There are in the t. 15 stores, cap. $20,000 ; 1 forge, 1 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 7 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 1 sch. 385 scholars. Pop. 2,620. Coventry, p-t, Kent co., R. I., 13 s. w. Provi- dence, 395 W. Watered by Flat r. and the s. branch of the Pawtuxet r., affording extensive water power, which has been improved in ex- tensive manufacturing. The surlace is rough, and the soil, sand or gravelly loam, adapted to grazing. Incorporated in 1742. It has 14 stores, cap. $14,300 ; 1 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 14 cot- ton fac. 24,612 sp., 9 grist ni., 11 sawm. Cap. in manufac. $393,800. 13 sch. 239 scholars. Pop. 3,433. Coventry, p-t., Chenango co., N. Y., 114 w. s. w. Albany, 320 W. The surface is hilly and broken, and the soil sandy loam, adapted to grass. Watered by Harper's and Kelsey's creeks, branches of the Susquehanna r. The v. contains 2 churches, 2 stores, 40 dwellings, and about 200 inliabitants. There are in the town, 2 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 1 fuUhig m., 1 tannery, 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,150. 15 sch. 699 scholars. Pop. 1,681. Coventry, t.. Summit co., O. It has 5 sch. 186 scholars. Pop. 1,308. CovENTRYViLLE, p-v., Coventry t., Chenango CO., N. Y., 114 w. s. w. Albany, 320 W. It con- tains 1 church, 1 store, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., and 15 or 20 dwellings. Covert, p t., Seneca co., N. Y., 176 w. Alba- ny, 309 W. The surface is elevated and level, and the soil fertile. Drained by several small streams which flow into Cayuga lake. This lake lies on its e. boundary. Organized in 1817. The V. contains 1 store, and 6 or 8 dwellings. There are in the t., 1 store, cap. $6,000 ; 1 tannery, 4 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $11,000. 12 sch. 422 scholars. Pop. 1,563. CovE Spring, p o., Ralls co.. Mo., 91 n. n. e. Jeffer.«on city, 915 W. CovEsviLLE, p-v., Albemarle co., Va., 92 n. w. by w. Richmond, 142 W. It contains 1 Pre.sby- terian church, 1 store, 1 tannery, and about 30 inhabilants. CovEviLLE, p-o., Northumberland t., Saratoga CO., N. Y., 33 N. by e. Albany, 403 W. Covington, county, Ala. Situated in the s, part of the state, and contains 1,664 sq. ms. Drained by Conecuh r. and its branches, and Yellow Water and Pea rivers. The soil is of an inferior quality. Capital, Monteziuna. There GOV 156 COX ■were in 1840, neat cattle 17,532, slieep6y3, swine 8.573; Ind. corn 47,946 bush, produced, potatoes 9,581, rice 1,770 pounds, cotton 30,303 ; 2 store.«, cap. $11,200; 10 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,860. 4 sch. 59 scholars. Pop. 1830, 1,522 ; 1840, whites 2,055, slaves 371, free col'd 9 ; total, 2,435. Covington, county. Miss. Situated in the B. part of the state, and contains 960 sq. ms. Drained by branches of Leaf r., a tributary of the Pascagoula r. The soil for the most part is rather sterile, and covered with light and open pine ■woods. There are some portions of good land. Capital, Williamsburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,102, sheep 1,385, swine 11,765; ■wheat 2,278 bush, produced, Ind. com 94,977, oats 3,490, potatoes 20,638, rice 11,755 pounds, cotton 504,266 ; 7 stores, $22,200 ; 2 tanneries, 8 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $22,450. 1 acad. 30 students, 3 sch. 76 scholars. Pop. 1830, 2,551 ; 1840, whites 1,861, slaves 855, free col'd 1 ; total, 2,717. Covington, p-t., Wyoming co., N. Y., 241 w. by N. Albany, 359 W. The t. was divided on the erection of Wyoming co., in 1841, and the n. half still belongs to Genesee co. by the name of Pavilion. The surface is uneven, and the soil a productive clay loam. The v. contains 1 church, 1 store, and 15 or 20 dwellings. There are in the t., 2 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tan- neries, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,500. 17 sch. 604 scholars. Pop. 2,438. Covington, p-b., Covington t., Tioga co.. Pa., 138 N. Harrisburg, 248 W. Situated on a branch of Tioga cr. Incorporated in 1831. It has 30 or 40 dwellings. It has 3 stores, cap. $16,500; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,850. 1 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 940. Covington, t., Luzerne co., Pa. Draijied by the Lehigh r., which runs on its s. E. and s. boundary. It contains the v. of Stoddartsville at the great falls of the Lehigh. It has extensive ■water power, and contains 1 store, cap. $ 1,000 ; 1 flouring m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,450. Pop. 596. Covington, p-v., capital of Alleghany co., Va., 196 w. Richmond, 233 W. Situated on Jackson's r., near the junction of Potts cr., where the west- em navigation of James r. and its branches ter- minates. It has a court house, jail, and other county buildings, 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist— an academy, about 60 dwellings, many of them of brick and hand- Bome, 3 stores, and a number of mechanic shops, and about 300 inhabitants. Its situation among the mountains is beautiful and romantic. Covington, p-v., Richmond co., N. C, 123 s. ■w. Raleigh, 397 W. Covingto.\, p-v., capital of Newton co., Ga., 61 N. w. Milledgeville, 648 W. Situated 3i e. of Yellow r., a branch of the Ockmulgee r. It has a court house, jail, 3 churches, and an academy. Two ms. N. of this place is Emery College, under the direction of the Methodists. It was iounded in 1837, has a president and 4 professors, or other instructors, and 35 students. Covington, p-v., capital of St. Tammany par.. La., 45 N. New Orleans, 1,127 W. Situated on a small r. which flows into Lake Pontchartrain. It contains a court house, and several dwellings. Covington, p-v., Tipton co,, Tcnn., 185 w. s. w. Nashville, 868 W. Situated on a branch of Big Hatchy r. Covington, city, p-v., Kenton co., Ky., 83 s. E. Frankfort, 493 \V. Situated on the Ohio r., at the mouth of Licking cr., on its w. side, directly opposite to Cincinnati, of which, from the arrange- ment of the streets, it appears like a continuation. Newport lies on the opposite side of the Licking. Covington contains 6 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, 1 Universalist, 1 Roman Catholic, and 1 Christian or Campbellite — 4 academies or high-schools, 18 stores, and 800 dwellings. It has a branch of the Northern Bank of Kentucky, 9 tobacco manufactories, the largest mill for rolling iron in the West, 1 cotton fac, 2 fulling m., 1 bagging and rope fac, 2 slaughter- houses which pack 60,000 hogs annually. The Westem Baptist Theological Institute is located here. Pop. 2,026. Covington, p-v., Newbury t., Miami co., O., 77 w. Columbus, 469 W. It is situated on the E. bank of Stillwater r., opposite the entrance of Greenville cr. It is elevated 60 feet above the r., and contains 5 stores, various mechanic shops, and about 60 dwellings. Pop. 331. Covington, p-v., capital of Fountain co., la., 74 w. n. w. Indianapolis, 645 W. Situated on the E. bank of Wabash r. It contains a court house and several stores and dwellings. CowANSviLLE, p-v., Rowan co., N. C, 134 w. Raleigh, 371 W. Cowan, t., Wa>Tie co.. Mo. It has 1 sch. 17 scholars. Pop. 432. Cow Creek, p-o.. Saline co., Mo., 72 n. w Jefl!erson city, 997 W. CowiNGSHANNOCK, p-o., Armstrong co., Pa., 187 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 235 W. Cowlesville, p-o., Bennington t., Wyoming CO., N. Y., 268 vv. Albany, 374 W. CowPASTORE, r., Va., a branch of James r. from the n. CowPER Hill, p-o., Robeson co., N. C, 113 s. s. w. Raleigh, 405 W. Cowpens, p-o., Spartanburg dist., S. C, 117 n. w. Columbia, 438 W. Situated between Pa- colet and Broad rivers. In this vicinity the Americans, under Gen. Morgan, defeated the British, under Col. Tarleton, Jan. llth, 1781, in which the American loss in killed, wounded, and prisoners, was 72, and the British, 800. Coweta, county, Ga. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 532 sq. ms. Chatta- hoochee r. runs on its n. w. boundary, and Flint r. on ils e. border. Drained by New r. and Wliite Oak and Cedar creeks. Capital, Newnan. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,150, sheep 5,592, •wine 2,396 ; vvhcat55,147 bush, produced, rye 630, Ind. corn 371,753, barley 106, oats 24,735. potatoes 9,117, tobacco 5,275 pounds, cotton 4,556,905 ; 14 stores, cap. 72,000 ; 6 tanne- ries, 2 distilleries, 17 grist m., 8 saw m., 1 print- ing ofhce, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manu- fac. $8,640. 6 acad. 237 students, 8 sch. 204 scholars. Pop. 183i), 5,003 ; 1840, whites 7,263, slaves 3,078, Iree col'd 23 ; total, 10,364. Co.xsACKiE, p-t., Greene co., N. Y., 22 s. Al- bany, 12 N. Catskill, 347 W. The surface is level on the e., but hilly and broken on the w. ; soil, clay, and sandy loam. The Hudson runs on Its E. border. Drained by a few small streams, flowing into the Hudson. The v. is 1 m. w. of the landing on Hudson r., and contains 1 Dutch Reformed church, 15 stores, 1 tannery, 80 dwell- ings, and about 500 inhabitants. There are in the t., 3 com. houses, cap. $58,000; 31 stores, cap. $97,6*X); 2 fulling ra., 1 tannery, 1 printing oflicc, 1 weekly paper, 6 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $78,260. 1 acad. 54 students, 12 sch. 394 scholars. Pop. 3,539. (^ox's Creek, p-o., Knox co., Tenn., 175 E. Nashville, 520 W. Co.\'s SroRE, p-o., Sampson co., N C, 114 s. ,s. E. Raleigh, 341 W. CRA. 157 CRA Crab Bottom, p-o., Pendleton cc, Va., 173 N. w. Richmond, 189 W. Crab OacHARD, p-v., Lincoln co., Ky., 62 s. s. E. Frankfort, 575 W. It contains 1 church, an academy, and about 390 inhabitants. Crab Run, p-o., Pendleton co., Va., 151 n. w. Richmond, 178 W. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m., and some mechanics. Cracker's Neck, p-o., Greene co., Ga. Crafton, p-v., Pittsylvania co., Va., 167 s. w. by w. Richmond, 242 W. It contains 7 dwell- ings, and several mechanic shops. Craftsbury, p-t., Orleans co., Vt., 33 n. by E. Montpelier, 549 W. V^'atered by Black r., which flows N. into Lake Memphremagog, and by a branch of the Lamoille r., which flows into Lake Champlain. The v. is on elevated ground, commanding a fine prospect, lies roxmd a public green 80 by 24 rods, and is a place of considera- ble business. It has 3 stores, cap. .$12,000 , 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,150. 1 acad. 65 students, 10 sch. 356 schol- ars. Pop. 1,151. Craig's Meadows, p-o., Monroe cc, Pa., 134 N. E. by E. Harrisburg, 228 W. Craig, t., Switzerland co., la. It has 1 sch. 35 scholars. Pop. 1,306. Craigsville, p-o.. Blooming Grove t. Orange CO., N. Y., 99 w. by s. Albany, 280 W. It con- tains 1 store, 1 paper m., 1 grist m., 1 plaster m., 1 saw m., and 12 or 15 dwellings. Crain's Corners, p-o., Warren t., Herkimer CO., N. Y., 69 w. N. w. Albany, 380 W. Grain's Creek, p-o., Moore co., N. C, 76 s. w. Raleigh, 364 W. Crainsville, p-o., Hardeman co., Tenn., 165 e. w. by w. Nashville, 165 W. Cranberry, p-v., Middlesex co., N. J., 22 n E. Trenton, 188 W. It Hes partly in South Brunswick t., and partly in South Amboy t. The surface is level, and the soil light and sandy The village contains 2 churches, 2 academies, 2 stores, a grist m., 2 tanneries, about 80 dwelhngs, and 500 inhabitants. Cranberry brook, a tributa- ry of Millstone r., flows through the place. Cranberry, t., Butler co.. Pa., 11 s. w. But- ler. The surface is rolling ; soil, loam and clay. Watered by Glade run, and Breakneck and Brush creeks. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,000 ; 5 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,021. y sch. 336 scholars. Pop. 1,822. Cranberry, t., Crawford co., O. It has 6 sch. 285 scholars. Pop. 679. Cranberry, p-t., Venango co.. Pa., 207 w. n. w. Harrisburg, 287 W. Alleghany r. runs on the N. and w. border. It has 1 store, cap. $5,000 ; 4 furnaces, 4 grist m., 3 saw m., 4 sch. 105 schol- ars. Pop. 942. Cranberry Creek, p-o., Mavfield t., Fulton CO., N. Y. Crandell's Ferry, p-o., Whitesides co., HI., 170 N. Springfield, 865 W. Crane Creek, p-o., Greene co.. Mo., 185 s. s. W. Jefferson city, 1,100 W. Cranesville, p-o., Amsterdam t., Montgome- ry CO., N. Y., 29 w. N. w. Albany, 397 W. Cranesville, p-o., Paulding co., O., 166 n. w. Columbus, 518 W. Cranesville, p-v., Daviess co.. Mo. It has in the t., 1 sch. 18 scholars. Pop. 1,269. Cranston, t.. Providence co., R. I., 5 s. w. Providence. The soil is productive in fruks and vegetables for the Providence market, but much of the surface is uneven and rough. Watered by Pawtuxet and Powchasset rivers, which afford water power. It has 11 stores, cap. $8,800; 1 fiirnace, ] fulling ni., 4 cotton fac. 3,176 sp., 2 dyeing and print, estab., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $275,705. 10 acad. 424 students, 3 sch. 51 scholars. Pop. 2,962. Craven, county, N. C. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 1,100 sq. ms. Neuse r. passes through the co., and enters into a wide bay, which connects with Pamlico somid. The surface is level, and often marshy, and the soil is generally fertile. Capital, New Berne. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,553, sheep 5,68S, sv\ine 19,222 ; wheat 3,639 bush, produced, rye 999, Ind. corn 143,835, oats 3,858, potatoes 5;i,864, rice 18,493 pounds, cotton 66,833 ; 139,027 barrels of tar, pitch and turpentine ; 60 stores, cap. $330,460 ; 2 tannerie.'^, 2 flouring m., 20 gi-ist m., 11 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly news- paper. Cap. in manufac. $166,960. 4 acad. 151 students, 8 sch. 252 scholars. Pop. 1830, 14,325 ; 1840, whites 6,624, slaves 5,702, free col'd 1,112; total, 13,438. Cravenville, p-o., Craven co., N. C, 136 s. E. by E. Raleigh, 364 W. Situated a little w. of the Neuse r. Crawford, county, Pa. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 1,016 sq. ms. Watered by French cr. and its branches, and by Shenango cr. Iron ore is found. Oil cr. affords bituminous oil. It exports cattle and horses. Capital, Meadville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 30,052, sheep 43,392, swine 30,663 ; wheat 125,592 bush, produced, rye 40,455, Ind. corn 178,400, buckwheat 52,518, bariey 825, oats 224,897, potatoes 348,252, sugar 214,417 pounds ; 62 stores, cap. $196,200; 2 furnaces, 11 fulling m., 14 tanneries, 14 distilleries, 1 brewery, 2 potteries, 3 flouring m., 39 grist m., 129 saw m., 2 oil m., 2 paper fac, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $271,855. 1 col- lege, 143 students, 42 sch. 1,037 scholars Pop. 1830, 16,067 ; 1840, 31,724. Crawford, county, Ga. Situated w. of the centre of the state, and contains 360 sq. ms. Flint r. runs on its s. w. border, and a branch of Ockmulgee r. waters its n. e. part. The soil is sandy, and much of it poor. Capital, Knoxville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,024, sheep 3,200, swine 20,953 ; wheat 19,700 bush, produ- ced, rye 819, Ind. corn 1,494,460, oats 16,328, potatoes 2,665, cotton 4,030,531 pounds ; 12 stores, cap. $102,800; 11 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,700. 9 sch. 279 scholars. Pop. 1830, 5,313 ; 1840, whites 4,412, slaves 3,568, free col'd 1 ; total, 7,981. Crawford, county, O. Situated toward the N. part of the state, and contains 590 sq. ms. Drained by Sandusky r. and its tributaries. The surface is an elevated table land. Organized in 1826, but constituted in 1820. Capital, Bucyrus. There were in 1840, neat cattle 14,761, sheep 14,331, swine 31,725 ; wheat 199,270 bush, pro- duced, rye 15,057, Ind. corn 227,240, buckwheat 7,554, bariey 1,541, oats 153,711, potatoes 59,290, sugar 46,917 pounds; 12 stores, cap. $14,270; 7 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 brewery, 2 flouring m., 15 grist m., 30 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 printing ofllces, 2 weeklv newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $9,725 97 sch. 5,310 scholars. Pop. 1830, 4,778 ; 1840, 13,152. Crawford, county, la. Situated in the s part of the state, and has Ohio r. on its s. e. bor- der. It contains 432 sq. ms. The surface is hilly and broken. Blue r. runs on its e. border. Organized in 1818. Capital, Fredonia. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,679, sheep 4,588, swine 8,022 ; wheat 22,201 bush, produced, Ind. com 94,396, oats 41,362, potatoes 4,831, tobacco 21,100 pounds ; 14 stores, cap. $77,200 ; 2 woollen CRA 15S CRA fac, 3 tanneries, 1 diistillery, 1 flouring m., 8 grist m., 7 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weeitly news- paper. Cap. in manufac. $7,000. 8 sch. 310 scholars. Pop. 5,282. Crawford, county. 111. Situated toward the s. E. part of tlie state, and contains 426 sq. ms. The Wabash r. runs on its E. border, and F-m- barrass r. passes tiirongh its s. w. part. Drain- ed by tributaries of tiiese rivers. It has some rich prairies. Capital, Palestine. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,757, sheep 3,837, swine 13,924 ; wheat 15,'.I32 bush, produced, Ind. corn 301,582, oats 30,260, potatoes 5,514, tobacco 4,315 pounds, sugar 5,797; 18 stores, cap. $55,65(3 ; 4 tanneries, 6 giist m., 3 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $21,480. 9 sch. 253 schol- ars. Pop. 4,422. Crawford, county. Wis. Situated in the n. w. part of the territory. It has the Mississippi r. w., and the Wisconsin r. s. The surface is hilly and mountainous, with rich bottoms along the streams. It abounds with excellent pine timber, and has abundant water power for mills. Capital, Prairie du Chien. There were in 1840, neat cattle 808, swine 666 ; wheat 2,092 bush, produced, Ind. corn 5,258, oats 9,299, potatoes 7,522 ; value of skins and furs, $27,800 ; 5 stores, cap. $38,000 ; 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $55,000. 2 sch. 42 scholars. Pop. 1,502. Crawford, county. Mo. Situated s. e. of the centre of the state. It contains 1,650 sq. ms. The surface and soil are various. Drained by Maramec r. and its tributaries. Iron ore abounds and is wrought. The 3Iaramec Iron Works are supplied with water by a large spring, which discharges 30,000 cubic feet of water per minute. Capital, Steelville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,464, sheep 3,851, swine 12,471 ; wheat 14,233 bush, produced, Ind. com 180,555, oats 16,665, potatoes 5,134, tobacco 10,3-^6 pounds, cotton 1,122, sugar 4,954; 11 stores, cap. $20,500 ; 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 7 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,925. 7 sch. 116 scholars. Pop. 1830, 1,712 ; 1840, whites 3,377, slaves 184 ; total, 3,561. Crawford, county, Ark. Situated in the n. W. part of the state. It contains 7,800 sq. ms. Watered by Arkansas r., which passes through the middle of it from w. to e. The surface is various, consisting of mountains and prairies, and wood is found near the streams. Capital, Van Buren. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,860, sheep 1,783, swine 12,491 ; wheat 1,513 bush, produced, Ind. corn 209,549, oats 6,366, potatoes 9,138, cotton 12,825 pounds; 5 commer- cial and 2 com. houses, cap. $76,000; 1 lumber- yard, cap. $600 ; 36 stores, cap. $289,200 ; 1 tan- nery. Cap. in manufac. $2,300. 3 sch. 61 schol- ars. Pop. 1830, 2,440; 1840, whites 3,614 slaves 618, free col'd 34 ; total, 4,266. Crawford, p-t.. Orange co., N. Y., 92 s. by W. Albany, 294 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay and sandy loam. Shawangunk r. bounds It on the N. w. It has 7 stores, cap. $11,300 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 5 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $24,010. 10 sch. 546 scholars. Pop. 2,075. Crawford, t., Washington co.. Me. It has 3 sch. 90 scholars. Pop. 500. Crawford, t., Coshocton co., O. It has 3 stores, cap. $2,500 ; 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 oil ra. Cap. in manufac. $150. Pop. 1,134. Crawford, p-o., Crawford co., O., 84 n. Co- lumbus, 434 W. Pop. 812. Crawford, t., Buchanan co., Mo. It has 2 sch. 53 scholars. Pop. 930. Crawford, p-v., Estill co., Ky., 98 s. e. Frankfort, 553 W. Situated on the n. bank of the \. Fork of Kentucky r., and contains 10 in- habitants. Crawford, p-o., Decatur co., Ga. ("RAWFoitn's Mills, p-o., Westmoreland co.. Pa., 193 w. Harrisburg, 219 W. Crawfordsville, pv., capital of Talliafero CO., Ga., 62 .\. by e. Milledgeville, 604 W. Sit uatcd between Ogeechee and Little rivers. It contains a court house, jail, 2 churches, 1 Bap- tist and 1 Methodist, and an academy. Crawfordsville, p-v., capital of Montgomery CO., la., 45 N. w. by w. Indianapolis, 616 W. Situated on the s. side of Sugar cr. It contains a court house, a U. S. land office, several stores and dwellings. A macadamized road from In- dianapolis to Lafayette passes through this place, and another from New Albany on the Ohio, terminates here. It is the seat of Wabash col- lege, founded in 1833, which has a president and 4 professors, or other instructors, 100 .students, and 2,000 vols, in its libraries. The commencement is on the 2d Wednesday in July. There are in the t., 2 acad. 243 students, 4 sch. 127 scholars. Pop. 1,327. Crayto.nville, p-v., Anderson dist., S. C, 114 w. N. w. Columbia, 542 W. Creagerstown. p-v., Frederick co., 3Id., 88 n w. Annapolis, 56 W. Creed's Bridge, p-o.. Princess Axine co., Va., 136 s. E. by E. Richmond, 261 W. Creek, t., Wasliington co.. Pa. It has 4 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 3 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 6 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $25,050. 12 sch. 560 scholars. Pop. 2,006. Creelsburg , p-v., Russell co., Ky., 109 s. Frankfort, 623 W. Situated on the n. side of Cumberland r. Crete, p-o., Will co., DL, 187 n. e. Spring- field, 720 W. Creighton's Store, p-o., Brunswick co., Va., 91 w. by s. Richmond, 207 W. Criglersville, p-o., Madison co., Va., 106 n. w. Richmond, 101 W. Cripple Creek, p-o., Greenville dist., S. C, 93 .\. w. by w. Columbia, 579 W. Crittenden, county, Ky., taken from Livings- ton CO., in 1842. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 540 sq. ms. Drained by small branches of Ohio and Cumberland rivers. The surface is level ; soil, fertile. Capital, Salem. Critte.nden, CO., Ark., situated toward the n e. part of the state, and contains 2,100 sq. miles. The Mississippi runs on its e. border. The sur- face is level, and liable, to a considerable extent, to be overflowed. The soil is highly productive, where it is sufficiently elevated for cultivation. Capital, Marion. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 3,774, sheep 76, swine 4,529 ; Indian corn 69,669 bushels produced, cotton 2,320 pounds ; mercantile cap. $17,294 ; 6 grist m. Pop. 1830. 1,272 ; 1840, whites 196, slaves 454, free col'd 11 ; total, 1,501. Crittenden, p-v., Grant co., Ky., 60 n. n. e. Franldbrt, 518 W. Crittenden, v., Clarke co., Axk., 82 s. w Little Rock. Crockett's, p-o., Davidson co., Term., 15 k. Nashville, 699 W. Crockettsville, p-v., capital of Russell co., Ala., 182 e. s. e. Tuscaloosa, 769 W. It has a court house and a few dwellings. Croghan, t., Lewis co., N. Y., 141 n. w. Al- bany. The surface is hilly and mountainous; soil, various, but fertile in the valleys. Croghan, p-o., Putnam co., O., 110 n. w. Co- lumbus, 475 W. CRO 159 CUB CRO(iANSviLLE,v., is a suburbof Pitlsburg, Pa., without the city limits, on the road to Philadel- phia. Crooked Creek, p-o., Tioga co.. Pa., 153 n. Harrisburg, 263 W. Crooked Creek, p-o., Stokes co., N. C, 129 W. N. w. Raleigh, 309 W. Crooked Creek, p-o., Talladega co., Ala. Crooked Creek, p-t., Carroll co., Ark., 205 N. N. w. Little Rock, 1,131 W. It has 2 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 664. Crooked Creek, p-o., Steuben co., la., 182 N. N. E. Indianapolis, 553 W. Crooked Creek, p-o., Clinton co., HI., 104 s. Springfield, 779 W. Crooked Hill, p-o., Montgomery co., Pa., 75 E. Harrisburg, 168 W. Crooked Lake, in Steuben and Yates cos., N. Y., is 18 miles long, and from 1 to li wide. The land rises from its shores to a considerable height, presenting beautiful and picturesque scenery. The N. part is divided into 2 branches, separated by Bluff Point, a promontory 800 feet high, which runs a considerable distance between tlie parts of the lake. The outlet has a fall of 270 feet in 7 miles, and aflfords excellent water power. It flows into Seneca lake. A canal connects this with Seneca lake, and thence with the Erie canal. Crooked River, t., Ray co.. Mo. Pop. 631. Cromwell, t., Huntingdon co.. Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 3 furnaces, 1 forge, 2 grist m., 3 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $9,755. 1 sch. 21 scholars. Pop. 1,140. Cropwell, p-o., St. Clair co., Ala., 109 n. e. Tuscaloosa, 745 W. Crosby, t., Hamilton co., O. It has 3 sch. 89 scholars. Pop. 1,876. Crosbvville, p-v., Chester dist., S. C, 72 n. Columbia, 476 W. Cross Anchor, p-o., Spartanburg dist., S. C, 84 N. w. Columbia, 482 W. Crossanville, p-v., Jackson t.. Perry county, Ohio. ^ Cross Creek, t., JefTerson co., O., situated on the w. side of Great Miami r. It is well watered by small streams, and highly cultivated. If has 1 store, cap. $800 ; 1 fulling m., 2 flouring m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,800. 6 sch. 320 scholars. Pop. 1,707. Cross Creek Village, p-o., Washington co.. Pa., 229 w. Harrisburg, 256 W. Cross Cut, p-o., Beaver co.. Pa. Cross Hill, p-o., Laurens' dist., S. C, 69 w. N. w. Columbia, 517 W. Crossingville, p-v., Crawford co., Pa., 249 N. w. by w. Harrisburg, 322 W. Cross Keys, p-v., Gloucester co., N. J., 46 s. by W.Trenton, 156 W. Cross Keys, p-o., Rocldngham co., Va., 123 N. w. Richmond, 138 VV. Cross Keys, p-o., Union dist., S. C, 69 n. w. Columbia, 517 W. Cross Keys, p-o., De Kalb co., Ga., 100 n. w. Milledgeville, 674 W. Cross Keys, p-o., Livingston co., Ky. Cross Keys, p-o., Macon co., Ala., 142 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 809 W. Cross Keys, p-o., Roane co., Tenn., 147 e. s. K. Nashville, 553 W. Cross Plains, p-o., Robertson co., Tenn., 34 N. w. Nashville, 696 W. Cross Plains, p-o., Ripley co., la., 78 s. e. Indianapolis, 553 W. Cross Plains, p-o., Callaway co.. Mo., 38 n. E. JefTerson city, 917 W. Cross Plains, p-o., Murray co., Ga., 194 N. w. MilledgevUle, 615 W. Cross River, p-o., Lewisborongh t.. West- cheater CO., N. Y., 172 s. Albany, 275 W. Cross Roads, p-o., York co.. Pa., 37 s. Harris- burg, lp3 W. Cross Roads, p-o., Madison co., O., 53 w. Co- lumbus, 431 W. Cross Roads, p-o., Bedford co., Va., 161 w. by s. Richmond, 236 W. Cross Roads, p-o., Cobb co., Ga., 106 n. w. Milledgeville, 684 W. Cross Roads, po., Gasconade co.. Mo., 16 s. E. Jefferson city, 952 W. Crossville, p-o., Forsyth co., Ga., 120 n. w. Milledge-^dUe, 640 W. Crossville, p-o., Bledsoe co.. Term., Ill s. E. Nashville, 570 W. Crosswicks, p-v., Chesterfield t., Burlington CO., N. J., 8 s. s. E. Trenton, 174 W. It is situ- ated on the hi^h s. bank of Crosswick's cr. It has a large Friends church, 6 stores, 1 sawm., 1 grist m., 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Crowder's Creek, p-o.. Lincoln co., N. C, 196 w. by s. Raleigh, 433 W. Crowley's, p-o., Greene co.. Ark., 182 n. e. Little Rock, 1,027 W. Crow Meadows, p-o., Marshall co.. 111., 92 s. Springfield, 785 W. Crown Point, p-t., Essex co., N. Y., 106 n. by E. Albany, 478 W. It has Lake Champlain on its E. border, and near it the land is level ; but toward the w. it is mountainous. The soil is clay loam. Drained by Putnam's cr., and other small streams. Here are the ruins of an old fort, much celebrated by important events in the French and revolutionary wars. They are situated on a point of land, projecting into Lake Champlain, in the N. E. angle of the town ; and are an object of interest to the traveller, not only from their his- torical associations, but for the beautiful scenery by which they are surrounded. The v. contains 1 church, 1 store, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 plaster m., and 12 or 15 dwellings. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. $19,000 ; 1 furnace, 2 forges, 2 full- ing m., 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 16 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $31,190. 16 sch. 621 scholars. Pop. 2,212. Crown Point, p-o., capital of Lake county, la., 153 N. N. w. Indianapolis, 702 W. Situated in the centre of Robinson's Prairie, 15 miles s. of Lake Michigan. It has a court house,and several dwellings in the vicinity. Crowsville, p-o., Spartanburg dist., S. C, 87 N. w. Columbia, 500 W. Croxon, p-o.. Bush Creek t., Jefferson co., O, 13S E. by N. Columbus, 235 W. Croydon, pnt., Sullivan co., N. H., 48 n. w. Concord, 482 W. The surface is somewhat rough, but the soil is fertile. Drained by Sugar r., which affords good water power. Chartered in 1763, and settled 3 years after. It has 3 stores, cap. $8,000; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen factory, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 7 sch. 410 scholars. Pop. 956. Croydon Flatt, p-o., Sullivan t. and co., N. H., 43 N. w. Concord, 477 W. Crucifer, p-o., Henderson co., Tenn., 126 w. s. w. Nashville, 810 W. Crum Elbow, p-o., Hyde Park t., Dutchess CO,, N. Y., 69 s. Albany, 309 W. Cuba, p-t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 280 w. by s. Albany, 317 W. Situated on the line of the Genesee Valley canal, and of the New York and Erie railroad. The surface is elevated and undulating, and the soil productive. The village contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Baptist church, 10 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 clothier's works, 1 tanaery, 100 dwellings, and about 800 inhabit- CUM 160 CUM ants. There are in the t., 1 furnace, 10 stores, cap. $23,000 ; 1 fuUuig m., 3 tiinneries, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 2 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $27,930. 2 sch. 101 schol- ars. Pop. 1,7G8. Cuba, p-v., Washington t., Clinton co., O., 78 s. w. Columbus, 451 W. Cuba, p-o., Fulton co., 111., 61 n. w. Spring- field, 827 W. Cub Creek, p-o., Charlotte co., Va., 110 s. w Richmond, 197 W. Cub Hill, p-o., Baltimore co., Md. CucKooviLLE, p-v., Loui.sa co., Va., 47 n. w. Richmond, 93 W. It contains 1 Reformed Bap- tist or Campbellite church, 1 store, and several mechanic shops. CuDDEBACKviLLE, p-0., Deerpark t.. Orange CO., N. Y., 109 s. by w. Albany, 272 W. CuivRE, t., Pike CO., Mo. It has 8 schools, 337 scholars. Pop. 2,592. CuivRE, t., St. Charles co.. Mo. It has 3 sch. 85 scholars. Pop. 2,093. CuivRE, t. Audrain co., Mo. Pop. 183. CuLBERT.so.\'s, p-o., Merccr co., Pa., 234 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 292 W. Culbreath's, p-o., Columbia co., Ga., 116 n. E. by E. Milledgevilie, 590 W. CuLLODEN, p-v., Monroe co., Ga., 68 w. Mil- ledgevilie, 723 W. Culloden, p-o., Bradley co., Tenn., 150 s. E. Nashville, 587 W. Culpepper, county, Va., situated toward the N. e. part of the slate, and contains 672 sq. ras. Rappahannock river runs on its n. e. boundary, and Rapid Ann on its s. border. Drained by Thornton r. and its branches, and by Mountain cr., branches of the Rappahannock r. The sur- face is pleasantly diversified, and the soil fertile. Its chief productions are grain and tobacco. Capital, Fairfax or Culpepper C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,5S-i, sheep 15,234, swine 19,980; wheat 122,376 bushels produced, rye 13,739, Ind. corn 389,8S0, buckwheat 1,709, oats 128,136, potatoes 20,964, silk cocoons 199 pounds, tobacco 28,591, cotton 15S ; 23 stores, capital $125,700; 1 furnace, 2 taimeries, 15 distilleries, 5 flouring m., 32 grist m., 29 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $78,390. 7 acad. 152 students, 25 sch. 617 scholars. Pop. 1830, 24,026; 1840, whites 4,933, slaves 6,069, free col'd 491 ; total, 11,393. Culpepper, C. H., p-v., Culpepper co., Va., 98 N. N. w. Richmond, 82 VV. It contains a court house, jail, and clerk's office, on the public square, a Presbyterian, Episcopal, and Baptist church, a masonic hall, 9 stores, a market house, 2 tan- neries, and various machanics, 3 select schools, 1 printing office, and 1 weekly newspaper. CuLSTiA Creek, p-o., Cherokee co., Ala., 166 N. E. Tuscaloosa, 664 VV. Cumberland, river, a large river of Ky. and Tenn., rises in Cumberland mountains, near the boundary between Virginia and Kentucky, and pursuing a westerly and s. westerly course, en- ters the state of Tennessee; and after an ex- tensive sweep to the s. it turns north west- wardly and northerly, and enters and crosses Kentucky, and enters the Ohio lU miles above the mouth of the Tennessee r., and 59 ms. above the mouth of the Ohio. The entire length of the river is about 600 miles, and it drains a territory of 17,500 square miles. It is navigable for large steamboats and vessels 203 ms., to Nashville, and for boats of 15 tons 300 miles further. At certain seasons of high water, vessels of 400 tons may descend the river, 400 miles, to the Ohio ; and, for half its length, boats may navigate it at all seasons. The elevation of the sources above 1 the mouth of the river, probably, exceed l,0o6 feet. It is the second river in size which enters the Ohio, being inferior only to the Tennessee. Nashville, an important town, is on the s. side, near the extreme part of its southern bend. Be- low Nashville the river is deep and narrow. Cu.mberland, county. Me., situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 990 sq. ms. The soil is fertile, and it is well cultivated. It has several large ponds, the chief of which is Sebago pond, from wliich a canal extends to Portland. This county has an important seacoast, and enjoys great facilities for commerce. Capital, Portland., There were in 1840, neat cattle 37,586, sheep 59,583, swine 12,033; wheat 38,921 bushels pro- duced, rye 23,108, Indian corn 160,531, buckwheat 4,060, barley 59,558, oats 70,348, potatoes 1,139,551, sugar 7,527 pounds; 48 commercial and commission houses in foreign trade, cap. .$658,500; 429 stores, cap. $708,650; 10 lumber yards, cap. $39,100; 4 furnaces, 15 fulling m., 4 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 4,000 sp., 45 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 powder m., 7 potteries, 1 flouring m., 60 grist m., 94 saw m., 1 oil m., 10 printing of- fices, 6 binderies, 2 daily, 7 weekly, and 3 semi- weekly newspapers, 4 periodicals. Cap. in man- ufac. $822,166. 1 college, 130 students, 21 acad. 2,415 students, 401 sch. 18,660 scholars. Pop, 1830,60,113; 1840,68,658. Cu-Mberland, county, N. J., situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 524 square ms. Organized in 1748. It has Delaware bay on the s. s. w. Drained by Stow and Cohansey crs., and Maurice and Tuckahoe rivers. It contains iron ore and beds of marl. A salt marsh, from half a mile to two miles wide, extends along Delaware bay. Much of the soil is light, but some of it is fertile. Capital, Bridgetown. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,755, sheep 9,310, swine 8,430 ; wheat 42,3:^6 bushels produced, rye 21,723, Ind. corn 200,008, buckwheat 26,849, oats 134,201, potatoes 31,851, hops 356 pounds, 6 commission houses in for. trade, cap. $84,000 ; 32 stores, cap. $131,600; 2 lumber yards, cap. $1,300; 1 forge, 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 6 distil- leries, 8 glass fac, 1 potter>', 2 flouring m., 2S grist m., 21 saw m., 2 paper fac, 1 printing office, 1 bindery, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $467,352. 3 acad. 396 students, 55 sch. 2,912 scholars. Pop. 1830, 14,093 ; 1840, 14,374. Cumberland, county. Pa., situated s. E. of the centre of the state, and contains 544 square miles. Drained by Conedogwinet creek, and Vellow Breeches cr., both tributaries of the Su.^quehanna. The surface is moderately hilly, and the soil very fertile. It contains iron ore. Capital, Car- lisle. There were in 1840, neat cattle 24,201, sheep 23,93i), swine 47,235 ; wheat 567,654 bush, produced, rye 247,239, Ind. corn 645,056, buck- wheat 13,772, barley 11,104, oats 634,477, pota- toes 121,641, hops 4,812 pounds; 11 commission houses in foreign trade, cap. $22,500; 112 stores, cap. $318,146; 13 lumber yards, cap. $42,330; 6 furnaces, 3 forges, 12 fulling m., 9 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac, 31 tanneries, 28 distilleries, 3 brew- eries, 1 pottery, 34 flouring m., 5 grist m., 63 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 paper fac, 5 printing offices, 2 binderies, 6 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manu- fac. $390,601. 3 acad. 115 students, 12 sch. 588 scholars. Pop. 1830, 29,228; 1840, 30,953. Cumberland, county, Va., situated s. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 320 sq. ms. Organized in 1748. The Appomattox river runs on its s. E. border. Drained by Willis r. The surface is moderately hilly, and the soil is fertile. Capital, Cumberland C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,855, sheep 9,507, swine 10,131 ; wheat CUM 161 CUM 61,247 bushels produced, Ind. com 247,203, oats 121,507, hops 116 pounds, tobacco 2,895,930, cot- ton 23,143; 16 stores, cap. $163,300; 1 lumber j-ard, cap. $1,000; 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 12 flouring m., 15 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. ,$107,475. 15 sch. 263 scholars. Pop. 1830, 11,689; 1840, wliites 3,263, slaves 6,781, free col'd .355 ; total, 10,399. Cumberland, county, N. C, situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 1,300 square miles. Drained by Cape Fear river and branches. Sur- face, undulating ; soil, fertile. Capital, Fayelte- ville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 14,178, sheep 15,164, swine 28,974 ; wheat 6,037 bushels prod., rye .3,019, Ind. corn 291,630, oats 16,577, po- tatoes 62,99'.», cotton 459,747 lbs; 51 stores, cap. 372,400 ; 8 cotton fac. 14,234 sp., 1 flouring m., 90 grist m., 61 saw m., 2 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Capital in manufactures $384,000. 4 acad. 150 students, 4 sch. 95 schol- ars. Pop. 1830, 14,824; 1840, whites 9,030, slaves 5,392, free col'd 862 ; total, 15,284. Cumberland, county, Ky., situated on the s. border of the stale, and contains 270 square m. Cumberland river flows centrally through it. Surface, uneven ; soil, fertile. Capital, Burkes- ville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,257, sheep 7,437, swine 37,970 ; wheat 32,937 bushels produced, rye 3,265, Indian corn 496,006, oats 56,509, potatoes 18,990, tobacco 1,480,846 pounds, cotton 45,595, sugar 1,931 ; 6 commission houses in for. trade, cap. $23,000 ; 11 stores, cap. $37,075 ; 7 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,350. 8 sch. 193 scholars. Pop. whites 4,571, slaves 1,485, free colored 34 ; total, 6,090. Cumberland, p-t., Cumberland co., Me., 42 s. s. w. Augusta, 553 W. It is pleasantly situated on Casco bay, which affords it commercial ad- vantages. Organized from North Yarmouth, in 1821. It has 3 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 1 fulhng m., 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,350. 15 sch. 652 scholars. Pop. 1,616. Cumberland, p-v., capital of Alleghany co., Md., 166 w. N. w. Annapolis, 134 W. Situated on the N. bank of Potomac r., at the mouth of Will's cr. It contains a court house, jail, a mar- ket house, a bank, 5 churches — 1 German Lu- theran, 1 Methodist, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Roman Catholic — 3 flouring m., and 2 printing offices, issuing weekly newspapers. Stone coal abounds in the vicinity, and is trans- ported down the Potomac. The Cumberland or n;itional road, which proceeds w. to the Ohio, and through the Western States, commences here. The Chesapeake and Ohio canal and the Baltimore and Ohio rail r. pass through this place. Cumberland, t., Adams co.. Pa. Rock creek bounds it on the e., and Marsh creek on the w., which unite a Utile below tlie town. The former receives Bear run, and the latter Willoughby run, in the t. Gettysburg b. lies in the e. part of the town. The t. has 1 store, cap. $1,800 ; 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 3 flouring m., 4 grist m., 3 saw m., 7 sch. 315 scholars. Pop. 1,217. Cumberland, p-v., Guernsey co., Ohio, 93 e. Columbus, 314 W. Situated on Buffalo Fork of Will's cr. It has 3 churches, 4 stores, and about 30 dwellings, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., and 1 steam carding and fulling m. Cumberland, p-v., Marion co., la., 10 e. In- dianapolis, 561 W. Situated on the national road. Cumberland, p-o., Fayette co., 111., 87 s. s. e. Springfield, 735 W. Cumberland, C. H., p-v., Cumberland co., Va., 52 w. by s. Richmond, 142 W. Situated on 21 a high and healthy ridge, between Willis r. and Appomattox r. It contains a court house and other county buildings, 1 church, free to all deno- minations, 1 store, and several mechanics. Pop. 30 whites, 60 col'd ; total, 90. Cumberland, t.. Green co.. Pa., 11 E. Waynes- burg. The surface is level ; soil, loam. Drained by Muddy cr., a branch of Monongahela r. It con- tains the v. of Lisbum. It has 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 3 distilleries, 8 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,195. 1 acad. 42 students, 4 sch. 94 scholars. Pop. 1,958. Cumberland, t.. Providence co., R. I., 8 n. Providence. Abbott's, Mill, and Peter's rivers afford good water power. Some part of the sur- face is hilly, and chiefly adapted to grazing ; but other parts are fertile, and well adapted to culti- vation. It supplies many articles for the Pro- vidence market, and has considerable manufac- tures of cotton and wool, and boats are exten- sively built. It has 29 stores, cap. $41,550; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 22 cotton fac. 59,711 sp., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 5 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $996,419. 1 acad. 30 students, 27 sch. 1,357 scholars. Pop. 5,225. Cumberland Ford, p-o., Knox co., Ky., 135 s. e. Frankfort, 503 W. Situated at the crossing of the Great Western road, over the Cumberland r. Cumberland Gap, p-o., Claiborne co., Tenn., 17 s. Cumberiand Ford, 233 e. by n. Nashville, 486 W. Situated at the passage of the Cumber- land mountains. There are several extensive caves in the vicinity, extending into the states of Virginia and Kentucky. There are a few dwellings in the neighborhood. It is a distribut- ing post-office. Cumberland Hill, p-v., Cumberland t.. Pro- vidence CO., 11. 1., 16 n. by w. Providence, 419 W. Situated on the n. e. side of Blackstone r. It contains a Baptist church, a bank, and several neat dwellings. Cu.mberland Iron Works, p-o., Stewart co., Tenn., 69 n. w. Nashville, 754 W. Situated on the s. bank of Cumberland r., 6 e. Dover. Cumberland, island, Camden co., Ga., on the coast, 15 ms. long, and from 1 to 5 broad. Cumberl-^nd Centre, p-o., Cumberland t. and CO., Me., 49 s. s. w. Augusta, 554 W. Cumberland Mountains, Tenn. The range commences in the s. w. part of Pa., and in Va. It takes the name of Laurel ml., passes through the s. E. part of Ky. and Tenn., and terminates in Northern Alabama. Cu.mberland Valley, t., Bedford co.. Pa., situated between Evils ml. E. and Will's mt. w. Evils cr. runs through the t. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,190. 2 sch. 46 scholars. Pop. 904. CuMMiNG, p-v., capital of Forsyth co., Ga., 109 N. w. Milledgeville, 641 W. Sitiiated 9 w. Chat- tahoochee r. It has a court house and several dwellings. CuMMiNGS, p-t., Lycoming co.. Pa., Ill N.Har- risburg, 221 W. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 1 furnace, 1 forge, 3 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,450. 3 sch. 120 schojavs. Pop. 569. Cummingsville, p-o., Hamilton co., O., 121 s. w. Columbus, 497 W. CuMMiNGTON, p-t., Hampshire cc, Mass., Ill w. Boston, 399 W. The surface is uneven, but the soil is good for grazing. Watered by West- field river, which affords good water power. In- corporated in 1779. It has 5 stores, cap. $10,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton lac 650 sp 1 furnace, 3 tanneries, 3 grist m., 5 sawm. Cap CUR 162 CUY in manufac. $31,800. 16 8ch. 464 scholars. Pop. 1,237. CuMMiNGTON, p-c, Macoupin CO., 111. CU.MMINGTON W. Village, p-v., Cummington t., Hampshire co., Mass., 116 w. Boston, 404 W. Situated on the Westfield r. It has several man- ufactories and neat dwellings. CuMRU, t., Berks co.. Pa. The surface is partly hilly, and partly level ; soil, a productive calcareous loam and gravel. Watered by Tulpehocken and Schuylkill rivers, and their tributaries. It contains a church, common to Lutherans and Presbyterians, and the county poor house, to which a i'arm is attached. It nas 1 store, cap. $2,500; 1 furnace, 2 forges, 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 12 flouring m., 5 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,180. Pop. 2,939. Cunningham's Store, p-o., Person co., N. C, 84 N. N. w. Raleigh, 240 W. Cun.mngha.m, p-c, Putnam co., O., 107 n. w. Columbus, 478 W. Cunni.ngiiam's Island, in the w. part of Lake Erie, a short distance north of the entrance into Sandusky bay. It is of considerable extent, fer- tile and populous, and is a part of the county of Ottawa. CuRDSviLLE, p-o., Buckingham co., Va., 68 w. Richmond, 158 W. Cureton's Store, p-o., Lancaster dist., S. C, 82 N. N. E. Columbia, 424 W. CuRLsviLLE, p-o., Armstrong co.. Pa. CuRRAHEE Mountain, p-o., Habersham co., Ga., 126 N. Milledgeville, 600 W. Situated near the base of a mountain of the same name, the southern terminus of the Blue ridge. CuRRAWAY, p-o., Crawford co., la., 115 w. by s. Indianapolis, 646 W. CuRRAN, p-o., Gallatin co., HI., 179 s. s. e. Springfield, 788 W. Current, river, Mo. and Ark., rises in the Ozark ridge, and after a southerly course of about 150 ms. enters-Black r. Current River, t., Pope co., Ark. It has 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 358. Currey's, p-o., Jefferson co., Ky., 72 w. Frankfort, 614 W. Currituck, Island, Sound and Inlet, Curri- tuck CO., N. C. The island is 30 ms. long, and 2 broad, and encloses the sound, which is 50 ms. long, and from 1 to 10 broad, and has no great depth. "^The inlet is an entrance into this sound between 2 islands. Currituck, county, N. C. Situated in the n. E. part of the state, and contains 600 sq. ms. The surface is level, and some part of it is marshy. Currituck S(jund separates it into 2 parts, and affords facilities for navigation. It comprehends the entire sea coast of North CaroUna from the Virginia line, to a point 20 ms. s. w. of Cape Hatteras, including Roanoke I. Capital, Currituck. There were m 1840, neat cattle 5,919, sheep 4,590, swine 13,220 ; wheat 7,685 bush, produced, Ind. corn 213,595, oats 7,084, potatoes 52,860 ; 400 bush, salt produced. 5 sch. 117 scholars. Pop. 1830, 7,654; 1840, whites 4,554, slaves 2,100, free col'd 149 ; total, 6,703. Currituck, C. H., p-v., Currituck co., N. C, 242 e. n. e. Raleigh, 270 W. It stands on the w. side of Currituck sound, and contains a court house, and several dwellings. Curreysville, p-o., Sullivan co., la., 85 s. w. by w. Indianapolis, 656 W. Curtisville. p-v., Stockbridge t., Berkshire CO., Mass., 136 w. Boston, 366 W. It has 2 cot- ton fac, 1 chair fac, and several dwellings. Curwinsville, p-v., Clearfield co.. Pa., 132 N. w. by w. Harrisburg, 224 W. Situated on the N. w. side of Anderson's cr., near its junc- tion with the w. branch of Susquehanna r. Cushing, p-t., Lincoln co., Me., 50 s. e. Au- gusta, 627 W. It is bounded by St. George r. e^ and the Atlantic s. Incorporated in 1789. It was settled early by Irish emigrants. It has 1 store, cap. $1,500 ; 1 tannery, 1 saw m., 6 sch. 312 scholars. Pop. 790. Cussawago, p-t., Crawford co.. Pa., 246 n. w. by w. Harrisburg, 319 W. It has 1 store, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,600. 7 ach. 300 scholars. Pop. 1,269. Cusseta, p-v.. Chambers co., Ala., 172 e. s. e. Tuscaloosa, 767 W. Custards, p-v., Crawford co.. Pa., 240 n. w. by w. Harrisburg, 298 W. CuTciioGUE, p-v., Southold t., Suffolk co., N. Y., 238 s. s. E. Albany, 218 W. It contains 2 churches, and about 40 dwellings. CuTHiiERT, p-v., capital of Randolph co., Ga., 158 s. w. Milledgeville, 814 W. It contains a court house, and a few dwellings. Cutler, p-t., Washington co.. Me. It has the Atlantic ocean on the s. e., and Machias bay w., and has a good harbor. It has 4 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,000. 7 sch. 276 scholars. Pop. 657. Cut Off, p-o., Walton co., Ga. CuTTiNGSviLLE, p-v., Rutland co., Vt, 72 s. s. w. Montpelier, 466 W. Cuyahoga, river, O., rises in the central parts of Geauga co., and runs southwardly through Portage co., where it gradually turns and pro- ceeds through Summit and Cuyahoga counties, in a direction n. n. w. to its entrance into Lake Erie, at Cleveland. Its whole length is over 60 miles, and it is one of the most important rivers in northern Ohio. It has a number of falls, which afford excellent mill seats, and it is less affected by drought in the summer, than most other streams. The Ohio canal runs along the valley of this r., about 35 miles to near Akron, and crosses it in an aqueduct at Boston, 23 s. of Cleveland. Cuyahoga, county, O., situated in the n. part of the state, is bounded n. by Lake Erie. It contains 475 sq. ms. Watered by Cuyahoga and Rocky rivers, which enter Lake Erie. The surface is level, inclining to the n. ; soil, fertile. Capital, Cleveland. There were in 1840, neat cattle 22,260, sheep 30,396, swine 17,669 ; wheat 106,580 bush, produced, rye 2,104, Ind. com 180,781, buckwheat 5,949, baricy 1,016, oats 101,398, pot«toes 149,891, tobacco 2,000 pounds ; 28 commission houses in for. trade, cap. $60,000 ; 93 stores, cap. $188,7(K) ; 3 lumber yards, cap. $3,000 ; 4 furnaces, 6 fulling m., 4 woollen fac, 13 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 brewery, 6 flouring m., 15 grist m., 70 saw m., 1 oil m., 5 printing offices, 1 periodical, 1 daily, 4 weekly newspa- pers. Cap. in manufac. $153,982. 6 acad. 188 students, 168 sch. 7,953 scholars. Pop. 1830, 10,360 ; 1840, 26,506. Cuyahoga Falls, p-v.. Summit co., O., 128 N. E. Columbus, 335 W. This romantic and pleasant village is situated on the Cuyahoga r., which here passes through a deep channel in the rocks, and by successive leaps, falls in a short distance 240 feet, creating a great water power, which has been considerably employed in mills and manufactories. The Pennsylvania and Ohio canal passes through the place, and unites with the Ohio canal a few miles w. at Akron. In the tov^n of Tallmadge, in the immediate vicinity, , is a bed of excellent bituminous coal, which is DAI 163 DAL 37 N. E. Frankfort, 505 W. Situated on E. side of the south fork of Licking r. It has a court house, jail, several stores, 3 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. 79i. Cynthian.v, p-v., Posey cc, la., 153 s. w. In- dianapolis, 728 W. Cypress, p-o.. Union co., Ky., 233 w. s. w. Frankfort, 760 W. Cypress, p-o., Darlington dist., S. C, 92 e. n. E. Columbia, 4'JO W. Cypress Creek, p-o., Lafayette co., Miss., 172 N. N. E. .lackson, 8'J9 W. Cyruston, p-v., Lincoln co., Tenn., 97 s. xNashville, 726 VV. extensively mined. There are in the v., 2 churches, a Ivceum, an academy, and a consi- derable number of stores and manufactories, among which those of paper are very exten- sive. CuY"LER. p-o., Truxton t., Cortland co., N. Y., 125 w. Albany, 337 W. CuYLERsviLLE, p-o., Livingston co., N. Y. Cynthiana, p-v.. Perry t.. Pike co., O., 75 s. Columbus, 429 W. CvNTHiANA, t., Shelby co., O. It has 1 store, cap. $500 ; 1 tannery. Cap. in manufac. $1,100. 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 1,022. Cynthiana, p-v., capital of Harrison co., Ky., D. Dabney's Mills, p-o., Louisa co., Va., 56 n. w. Richmond, 81 W. Situated on North Anna r. It has 1 saw m., 1 tannery, and several me chanics. Dacheet, r., rises in Ark., and flowing into La., enters Lake Bistineau. Dacusville, p-v., Pickens dist., S. C, 129 w. N. w. Columbia, 524 W. Dade, county, Ga. Situated in the n. w. cor- ner of the stale, and contains 225 sq. ms. Drain- ed by Lookout or., a branch of Tennessee r. The surface is mountainous, with fertile valleys. Capital, Trenton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,545, shefep 1,043, swine 5,373; wheat 3,940 bush, produced, Ind. corn 77,810, oats 7,547, potatoes 2,701, tobacco 1,331 pounds, cot- ton 32,904 ; 8 stores, cap. $9,55!) ; 3 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 4 grist m., 2 saw m. Pop. whites 1,285, slaves 79 ; total, 1,364. Dade, county, Flor. Situated on the e. side of the Peninsula, on the Gulf of Florida. It contains about 500 sq. ms. It has several keys or islands on the coast. Along the sea coast, the land is capable of culrivation, and is fertile. In the N. part is the Everglades, a tract of grass meadow, covered from 1 to 6 feet deep with water, sprinkled all over with islets of rich land and cypress swamps. These islands were favorite places of resort for the Seminoles during the late war. One of them was found to contain 150 cabins, cultivated fields, and 700 head of cattle. It has some tracts of fertile land. Capital, Key Biscayime. There were in 1840, 2 stores, cap. $15,000. Cap. in manufac. $4,300. 1 sch. 28 scholars Pop. whites 412, slaves 30, free col'd 4 ; total, 446 Dade, county, Mo. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 960 sq. ms. Drained by Pomme de Terre r. and branches. Surface undulating, soil fertile. Capital, Greenfield. Dadeville, p-v., capital of Tallapoosa co., Ala., 140 e. s. e. Tuscaloosa, 793 W. Situated on a small eminence, 6 e. Tallapoosa r., 37 n. e. Wetumpka. It contains a coiu-t house, and other county buildinss. Daggett's Mills, p-o., Tioga co.. Pa., 157 n. Harrisburg, 267 W. Dagsborough, p-v., and hundred, Sussex co., Del., 54 s. s. E. Dover, 141 W. It is situated on Pepper cr., which flows into Rehoboih bay. There are in the hundred, 12 stores, cap. $1S,410 ; 3 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,500. 9 sch. 233 scholars. Pop. 2,324. Dahlonega, p-v., capital of Lumpkin co., Ga., 140 N. N. w. Milledgeville, 620 W. Situated be- tween Chestatee and Etowah rivers, and is the seat of a branch of the United States Mint. It has a court house, and several stores and dwellings. Dailey's Cross Roads, p-o., Lowndes co Miss., 131 N. E. Jackson, 905 W. Dale, county, Ala. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 1,064 sq. ms. Drained by the branches of Choctawhatchee r. The sur- face is generally level, with a barren soil cover- ed with pine, excepting the river swamp and hammocks, which are very productive. Capital, Daleville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 15,484, sheep 6.56, swine 12,070; wheat 1,865, bush, produced, Ind. corn 96,224, potatoes 11,777, rice 3,015 pounds, cotton 231,929, sugar 2,813; 6 stores, cap. $6,7tX) ; 18 grist m., 5 saw m., 5 sch. 71 scholars. Pop. wliites 6,809, slaves 580, free col'd 8 ; total, 7,397. Dale, po., Berks co.. Pa., 75 e. Harrisburg, 16S W. *^ ^' Dale, C. H., called Daleville, p-v., capital of Dale CO., Ala., 222 s. e. Tuscaloosa, 871 W. Situated on the w. side of a branch of Choctaw- hatchee r. It contains a court house, and several dwellings. Daleville, p-o., Luzerne co.. Pa., 147 n. e. Harrisburg, 244 W. Daleville, p-v., Lauderdale co.. Miss., 104 E. Jackson, 918 W. Dallas, county, Ala. Situated near the cen- tre of the state, and contains 925 sq. ms. The Ala- bama river passes through it, and receives the Cahaba r. from the n., at the centre of the county. Surface undulating, soil on the margins very fertile. Capital, Cahaba. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,379, sheep 4,431, swine 30,886; wheat 12,388 bush, produced, rye 2,004, Ind. corn 486,120, oats 34,494, potatoes 31,808, rice 10,750 pounds, cotton 2,223,332 ; 6 stores, cap. .$350,000; 1 tannery, 18 grist ra., 14 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $20,240. 7 acad. 189 students, 10 sch. 195 scholars. Pop. 1830,14,017; 1840, whites 7,929, slaves 17,208, free col'd 69 ; total, 25,199. Dallas, p-t., Luzerne co.. Pa., 133 n. e. Har- risburg, 242 W. The surface is uneven and mountainous ; soil, gravel, loam, and slate. Har- vey's lake, a beautiful sheet of water, lies in this t., and its outlet and some other streams afford water power. It has 1 distillery, 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,700. 4 sch. 144 scholars. Pop. 806. Dalmatia, p-v., Northumberland co., Pa., 40 N. Harrisbiu-g, 15'J W. Dalton, p-t., Coos CO., N. H., 96 n. by w. Concord, 557 W. Connecticut r. runs on its n. w. boundary, and the Fifteen Mile Falls com- mence in this town. Watered by St. Johns r. Incorporated in 1784. The surface is uneven, and the soil fertile, well adapted to grazing. It has 1 store, cap. $1,500 ; 1 grist ra., 2 saw m., 6 sch. 190 scholars. Pop. 664. Dalton, p-t, Berkshire co., Mass., 125 w. Boston, 3-*2 W. Watered by branches of Housa- tonic r., which afford water power. The surface DAN 164 DAN is generally level, and the soil fertile. It has 4 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 paper fac, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $193,700. 6 sch. 218 scholars. Pop. 1,255. Dalton, p-o., Sugar Creek t., Wayne co., O., 106 N. E. Columbus, 331 W. Dalton, p-v., Wayne co., la., 80 e. Indiana- polis, 527 W. Damarlscotta Mills, p-v., Lincoln co.. Me., 30 s. E. Augusta, 598 W. Situated at the outlet of Damariscotta pond, between New Castle and Nobleboro. Here are a number of mills, a village, and a small Roman Catholic church. Damariscotta, r.. Me., may be regarded as an arm of the sea. It receives the outlet of Damariscotta pond, and is navigable for large vessels, 16 miles to the bridge, between New Castle and Nobleboro. Many vessels are built on this river, and much lumber is exported from it. Damascoville, p-v., Columbiana county, O., 174 N. E. by E. Columbus, 295 W. The village called Damascus is in Goshen and Butler ts. It has 3 or 4 stores, and from 25 to 30 dwellings. It is in the midst of a fertile country. Damascus, p-t., Wayne co., Pa., 190 n. n. e. Harrisburg, 293 W. Situated on the w. bank of Delaware r. The village has 1 Baptist church, 1 store, and 12 or 15 dwellings. A bridge 550 feet long here crosses the Delaware r. There are in the t., 2 stores, cap. $5,000; 9 sch. 229 scholars. Pop. 957. Damascus, p-v., Montgomery county, Md., 70 N. w. Annapolis, 40 W. Damascus, p-v., Henry co., O., 147 n. w. Co- lumbus, 478 W. The v. is situated on the n. side of Maumee r. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000; 3 sch. 90 scholars. Pop. 495. Damascus, p-v., Spartanburg dist., S. C, 107 N. w. Columbia, 568 W. Dan, r., N. C. and Va., runs mostly in the lat- ter, and uniting with Stanton r. forms the Roan- oke r. It has falls of 23 feet at Danville ; but, by a canal around them, is navigable 100 miles from its mouth. Dana, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 69 w. Boston, 397 W. Watered by a branch of Swift r. In- corporated in 1781. Palm leaf hats are here manufactured extensively. It has 2 stores, cap. $10,000; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $35,500. 7 sch. 200 scholars. Pop. 691. Danborougii, p-v., Plumstead t., Bucks co., Pa., 103 E. Harrisburg, 105 W. It contains a store, and 12 or 15 dwellings. Danburg, p-v., Wilkes co., Ga., 88 n. n. e. Milledgeville, 560 W. Danburv, t., Ottawa co., O. It has 2 schools, 65 scholars. Pop. 515. Danbury, p-t., Grafton co., N. II., 23 n. w. Concord, 503 W Watered by Smith's r. The surface is uneven, but there are intervals on the streams. Incorporated in 1795, though settled over 20 years before. It lias 1 store, cap. $2,500 ; 1 tannery, 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,800. 10 schools, 233 scholars. Pop. 800. Danbury, p-t., semi-capital of Fairfield, co., Ct., 68 s. w. Hartford, 292 W. The surface is agree- ably diversified, and the soil is fertile. The borough is a pleasant village, built chieHy on one street, more than a mile in length. It contains a court house, 6 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Congre- gational, 1 Episcopal, 1 j'Melliodist, 1 Universal- jst, 1 Sandemaiiian — and over 200 houses. Still river, a branch of the Huusatouic, passes through the town, and atl'ords a good water power. The town was incorporated in 1696. It was burned by the British during the Revolutionary war, I April 26lh, 1777, with a large amount of military stores. In the battle which occurred, the Ameri- I can General Wooster was killed. It has 13 stores, cap. $34,400; 1 tannery, 5 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $192,200. 1 acad. 70 students, 20 sch. 742 scholars. Pop. 4,504. Daxbv, p-t., Rutland county, Vt., 80 s. by w. Montpelier, 443 W. The surface is mountainous, but the soil is fertile, and particularly adapted to grazing ; and it has extensive dairies. First settled in 1768. Drained by the head waters of Otter creek. It has 4 stores, cap. $8,8(X) ; 2 tan- neries, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,810. 12 sch. 505 scholars. Pop. 1,379. Danbv, p-t„ Tompkins co., N. Y., 16S w. s. w. Albany, 289 W. The surface is hilly, and the soil a gravelly loam. Drained by Cattotong cr. and its tributaries. The v. contains one Presby- terian and 1 Methodist church, 3 stores, 90 dwell- ings, and about 500 inhabitants. There are in the t., 3 stores, cap. $11,300 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 27 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,430. 20 sch. 836 scholars. Pop. 2,570. Danby Four Corners, p-o., Danby t., Rut- land CO., Vt., 82 s. by w. Montpelier, 437 W. Dancyville, p-o., Haywood co., Tenn., 183 w. s. w. Nashville, 868 W. Dandridge, p-v., capital of JefTerson county, Tenn., 229 e. Nashville, 482 W. Situated on the N. bank of French Broad r. It contains a court house, jail, and several stores and dwellings. Dane, county. Wis. ter., central in the s. part of the ter., and contains 1,234 sq. ms. The sur- face is level, and the soil very fertile. The Four Lakes are beautiful sheets of water, near the cen- tre of the county, and abound with excellent fish. The river of the Four Lakes forms their outlet, and drains the county. Capital, Madison. There were in 1840, neat cattle 510, sheen 5, swine 628 ; wheat 290 bushels produced, Inaian corn 3,080, oats 10,250, (lotatoes 8,450 ; 3 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 2 smelting houses, producing 200,000 pounds of lead, and employing 6 persons and a capital of $2,000 ; 1 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weeklv newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $9,750. Pop. 314. Daniel's Prairie, p-o., Greene cc, Ala., 43 s. w. Tuscaloosa, 861 W. Danielsville, p-v., capital of Madison co., Ga., 91 N. Milledgeville, 599 W. It contains a court house, jail, an academy, and 15 houses and stores. Danielsville, p-v., Spottsylvania co., Va., 85 N. w. Richmond, 84 W. Situated in the midst of the gold region. Daxsvii.le, t., Steuben co., N. Y., 230 w. by s. Albany. Surface, undulating; soil, gravelly loam and clay. Drained by tributaries of Canis- leo r. and Canaseraga cr. It has 3 stores, cap. $10,500; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 10 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $18,970. 24 sch. 85^ schol- ars. Pop. 2,725. Dansville, p-v., Sparta t., Livingston co., N. v., 23S w. Albany, 329 W. Situated on Cana- seraga cr., which has a succession of falls of about 60 feet in one mile and a half It contains 4 churches — 2 Presbyterian, 1 Methodist, and 1 Ger- man Lutheran — a bank, 25 stores, 4 paper m., 2 flouring in., 2 furnaces, 1 tannery, 250 dwellings, and about 1,6CK) inhabitants. The Dansville branch of the Genesee Valley canal extends from this place. Danuhk, p-t., Herkimer co., N. Y., 70 w. N. w. Albany, 393 W. The surface is tindulaling; soil, a fertile, sandy, and calcareous loam. Drain ed by Nowadaga cr., a branch of the Mohawk, DAN 165 DAR W^ich last bounds the town on the n. It has 7 stores, cap. $17,700 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $10,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 7 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $18,910. 8 sch. 830 scholars. Pop. 1,960. Danveu.s, p-t., Essex Co., Mass., 16 N. Boston, 2 N. w. Salem, 456 W. The soil is fertile, and well cultivated. The principal v. is a continua- tion of the streets of Salem, of which it is virtu- ally a suburb. It contains 3 churches — 1 Con- gregational, 1 Unitarian, and 1 Universalist, — and a little to the w. is another Congregational church. There is another v. further .\., on Beverly river, wiiich contains a Congregational and a Baptist church. At this village, ship building is a con- siderable business. Both these villages can be approached by vessels, and have considerable manufactures, and some trade. It has 15 stores, cap. $57,600 ; 21 tanneries, 4 potteries, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $362,800, principally in leather. 13 sch. 1,257 scholars. Pop. 5,020. Danville, p-t., Cumberland co.. Me., 42 s. w. Augusta, 372 W. The Androscoggin r. runs on its N. E. border, and it is drained by one of its tributaries. It is a good farming t., and has 3 stores, cap. $1,100; 1 woollen fac, 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,350. 1 acad. 100 students, 9 sch. 450 scholars. Pop. 1,294. Danville, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H., 30 s. T.. Concord, 471 W. Incorporated in 1760. Achusnut r. passes through the n. w. part of the t. The surface is uneven, and the soil in some parts good. It has 3 stores, cap. $1,200 ; 1 saw ra., 3 sch. 178 scholars. Pop. 533. Danville, p-t., capital of Caledonia co., Vt., 30 N. E. Montpelier, 543 W. Watered by Mer- ritt's r., and other branches of Pasumsicr., which afford good water power. Chartered in 1786, and re-chartered in 1792. The e. part is beauti- fully diversified and fertile ; the w. part is more broken, and less productive. The v. is pleasant- ly situated, near the centre of (he t., on elevated Jand, in the midst of a beautiful farming country. it has a court house, jail, 1 Congregational and 1 Baptist church, and a printing office, which issues a weekly newspaper. It is a flourisliing v., with considerable trade. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. $45,100 ; 4 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 3 tan- neries, 6 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $63,700. 20 sch. 920 scholars. Pop. 2,633. Danville, p-o., Warrea co., N. J., 67 n. by w. Trenton, 226 W. Danville, p-v., capital of Columbia co.. Pa., 71 N. by E. Harrisburg, 181 W. It is situated on the N. side of the n. branch of the Susquehanna r., at the entrance of Mahoning cr. It contains 2 churches — 1 Presbyterian and 1 Episcopal — an academy, a considerable number of stores, and about 1,000 inhabitants. A bridge here crosses the Susquehanna river. Danville, pv., Pittsylvania co., Va., 164 .s. w. by w. Richmond, 251 W. Situated on Dan r., one of the constituents of the Roanoke. The river here has falls which afford good water power. The ground on which the village is built rises gradually i'rom the river until it attains to a commanding eminence, presenting a delight- ful view of the place and the surrounding coun- try. This place has a boatable communication as far as the falls of the Roanoke, and has be- come the centre of an extensive trade. It con- tains 2 banking houses, a masonic hall, 2 tobacco warehouses, a considerable number of stores, 1 iron foundry, a printing office, issuing a weekly newspaper, nearly 200 dwellings, and about 1,200 inhabitants. Its manufacturing advantages are but partially developed. Danville, p-v.. Union t., Knox co., O., 65 n. E. Columbus, 366 W. It is surrounded by a fine agricultural country, and contains 1 Methodist church, 4 or 5 stores, and 3 or 400 inhabitants. Danville, p-v., cap. of Boyle co., Ky., 41 s by w. Frankfort, 555 W. Situated 3 miles s. w of Dick's r., on a small cr., which enters into it. It contains about 200 stores and dwellings, and the Kentucky Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb. It is tlie seat of Centre College. This college was founded in 1822 : lias a president and 7 pro- fessors, or other instructors, 66 students, and 2,000 vols, in its libraries. The commencement is on the Thursday after the 3d Wednesday in Sep- tember. It has 4 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Episco- pal, 1 Methodist, 1 Presbyterian — 2 acau. 100 students, 1 sch. 34 scholars. Pop. 1,223. Danville, p-v., Sumter co., Ga., 100 s. w. Milledgeville, 757 W. Situated on the w. bank of Flint r. Danville, p-v., capital of Hendricks co., la., 20 w. Indianapolis, 591 W. Situated on the w. side of White Lick creek. It contains a court house, jail, a church, 4 stores, and about 300 inhabitants. Danville, p-v., capital of Vermillion co.. III., 130 E. by N. Springfield, 657 W. Situated on the N. side of Vermillion r., near the entrance of the N. fork. It is on a dry, sandy, and elevated sur- face, with an open prairie on the s. ; but on other sides surrounded by a heavy growth of timber. It has 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Metliodist — a U. S. land office, 17 stores, a printing office issuing a weekly newspaper, 100 dwellings, 3 schools, and 503 inhabitants. It is surrounded by a rich and populous country. Danville, p-v., capital of Montgomery co.. Mo., 47 N. E. Jefferson city, 892 W. It contains a court house, and several stores and dwellings. There are in the t., 1 acad. 23 students, 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 1,299. Darby, p-t., Delaware co.. Pa., 95 e. s. e. Har- ri.sburg, 132 W. The t. is divided into Upper and Lower Darby. The v. is situated on Darby cr., and has 1 Friends church, 2 store.s, 1 grist m., 1 fulling m., and 40 dwellings. There are in the t., 2 stores, cap. $8,500 ; 1 cotton fac. 2 16 sp., 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,950, 2 sch. 120 scholars. Pop. 1,267. Darby, t., Pickaway co., Ohio. The soil is adapted to grazing. Drained by Darby cr., which affords water power. It has 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Pop. 1,050. Darby, t., Madison co., O. It has 1 store, cap. $1,500 ; 1 tannery. Cap. in manufac. $800. 5 sch. 110 scholars. Pop. 466. Darby Creek, a small r. of Oliio, rises in Union co., and, after a course of 60 miles, enters the Scioto r., nearly opposite Circleville. Darby Creek, p-o., Jerome t., Union co., O., 22 N. N. w. Columbus, 415 W. Dabby Plains, p-o.. Union co., O., 26 n. n. w. Columbus, 415 W. Darby's, po., Columbia co, Ga., 109 e. n. e. x>Iilledgeville, 598 W. Darbvville, p-v., Muhlenburg t., Pickaway CO., O., 33 s. Columbus, 408 W. Founded in 1826. Situated on the w. bank of Darby cr. It has 3 stores, 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Bap- tist, and 1 ftlethodist — 2 tanneries, 40 dwellings, and about 250 inliabitants. Dardanelle, p-v., Veil co.. Ark., 72 n. w. by w. Little Rock, 1,137 W. Situated on the s. w. side of Arkansas river. Near this are 2 rocky ridges, on both sides of the Arkansas r., called the Dardanelles. Pop. of the t. 227. DAR 166 DAU Dardenne, p-v., St. Charles co., Mo., 100 e. by N. Jefferson city, 846 W. Situated on a r. of the same name, which enters the 3Iissouri r., 5 miles s. s. w. of St. Charles. The t. has 1 sell. 12 scholars. Pop. 1,605. Darien, p-t., Fairfield co., Ct., 74 s. w. Hart- ford, 266 W. Taken from Stamford in 1820. Bounded s. by Long Island sound. The .surface is undulating, and the soil excellent. The vil- lage is on a small stream, which enters a narrow bay that sets up from the sound, and contains a Congregational church, and has some coasting trade to New York. There are in the t., 7 stores, cap. $17,500 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $3,5(X) ; 2 tanneries. Cap. in manufac. $18,450. 3 sch. 177 scholars. Pop. 1,080. Dariex, p-t., Genesee co., N. Y., 263 w. Al- bany, 377 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay and calcareous loam. Drained by Ellicott's cr. The V. contains 1 church, 3 stores, 25 dwellings, and about 175 inhabitants. There are in the t., 5 stores, cap. $16,300 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tan- neries, 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,940. 21 sch. 622 scholars. Pop. 2,406. Darien, city, p-v., and capital of Mcintosh co., Ga., 215 s. E. Milledgeville, 724 W. Situated on the N. side of the Altamaha r., 12 miles above the bar, at the entrance of St. Simon's sound. It con- tains a court house, a jail, an academy, a Pres- byterian church, a bank, and a printing office. It has an extensive trade in cotton. The bar has 14 feet of water. The Oconee branch of the Al- tamaha has a steamboat navigation to 3Iilledge- ville ; and the Ocmulgce branch has a similar navigation to Macon ; so that Darien forms the natural centre of the trade of the central portions of the state, and it has had a corresponding rapid growth. Darien, p-t., Walworth co., Wis. ter., 59 s. e. Madison, 788 W. Pop. 232. Darien Centre, pc, Darien t., Genesee co., N. Y., 265 w. by n. Albany, 375 W. Darke, county, O., situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 714 .sq. ms. Drained by Stillwater and Greenville creeks. The surface is generally level ; soil, very fertile. General Wayne erected Fort Recovery in the n. e. cor- ner of this county, in 1795, on the spot wliere Gen. St. Clair sustained a memorable defeat by the Indians, three years before. Capital, Green- ville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6, .537, sheep 9,012, swme 17,020; wheat 31,675 bushels produced, rye 1,485, Ind. corn 57,797, buckwheat 544, barley 1,829, oats 90,230, potatoes, 57,325. 12 sch. 288 scholars. Pop. 1830,6,203; 1840, 13,2S2. Dark Corner, p-o., Campbell co.,Ga., 114 w. N. w. Milledgeville, 711 W. Darkesville, p-v., Berkley co., Va., 162 n. Richmond, 84 W. Situated on Sulphur Springs creek, a branch of Opequan creek, that enters into the Potomac. Darling's, p-o., Butler t., Knox co., O., 73 n. K. Columbus, 365 W. Situated on the s. bank of Vernon r. Darlingsville, p-o.. Pike co.. Pa., 174 n. e. by E. Harrisburg, 26.S W. Darlington, p-b.. Little Beaver t., Beaver CO., Pa., 239 w. by n. Harrisburg, 265 W. It contains 1 Presbyterian church, 4 stores, and about 65 dwellings. It was called Greensburg until 18:W. It has 1 acad. 18 students, 1 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 220. Darlington, p-v., Harford co., Md., 71 n. by E. Annapolis, 81 W. Situated 2^ ms. w. of the Susquehanna r. It contains 2 churches — 1 3Ie- thodist, and 1 Friends — an academy, 5 stores, and a public library. Darlington, (list., S. C. Situated in .tho eastern part of the state, and contains 1,050 sq, ms. The surface is slightly undulating ; soil, on the margins of the streams, very fertile ; back from this, sandy and light. Great Pedee r. bounds it on the N. E., and Lynch's cr. on the s. w. Capi- tal, Darlington. There were in 1840, neat cattle 15,438, sheep 6,082, swine 36,8.56; wheat 13,309 bush, produced, Ind. corn 457,193, oats 52,477, j)o- tatoes 84,812, rice 8,000 pounds, cotton 1,231,985; 26 stores, cap. $127,000; 1 cotton fac. 700 sp., 4 tanneries, 47 grist m., 27 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $84,100. 7 acad. 149 students, 16 sch. 305 schol- ars. Pop. 1830, 13,728; 1840, whites 7,169, slaves 7,560, free col'd 93 ; total, 14,822. Darlington, C. H., p-v., capital of Darlington dist., S. C., 129 E. s. E. Columbia, 453 W. Situ- ated a little w. of Black cr., a branch of Great Pe- dee r. It contains a court house, jail, 3 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, 1 Presbyterian — 2 acad., 9 stores, and 500 inhabitants. Darlington, p-v., Montgomery co., la., 46 w. N. w. Indianapolis, 617 W. Darlington, p-o., Lake co.. 111. Darlington, p-v., St. Helena par., La., 120 N. w. by n. New Orleans, 1,150 W. Darlington, p-o., Humphreys co., Tenn. Darnstovvn, p-v., Montgomery co., Md., 65 w. n. w. Annapolis, 25 W. Darrstow.n, p-v., Milford t., Butler co., C, 109 s. w. by w. Columbus, 498 W. It contains 2 churches, 3 stores, 35 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. There is a chalybeate spring in the vicinity, which is of some note. Darrvill's, p-o., Dinwiddle co., Va., 56 s. Richmond, 175 W. Dartmouth, p-t., Bristol co., Ms., 65 s. Boston, 7 s. w. New Bedford, 441 W. It has Buzzard's bay on the s. e., and is penetrated by several in- lets from it, one of which receives Aponiganset r., which is navigable nearly to the centre of the t. Incorporated in 1664. It has a number of vessels employed in the whale fishery, and in the coast- ing trade. Salt is manufactured, and vessels are built. It has 12 stores, cap. $33,500 ; 1 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 5 grist m., 8 saw m., 1 oil ra. Cap. in manufac. $27,950. 27 sch. 931 scholars. Pop. 4,135. Darwin, p-v., Clark co.. 111., 133 s. e. by E. Springfield, 667 W. It is situated on the Wa- bash r., adjoining Walnut prairie, and contains 20 or 30 families. Dauphin, county. Pa. Situated toward thes e. part of the state, and is bounded by the Sus- quehanna r. on the w. and s. w. It contains 608 sq. ms. Drained by Swatara cr. in its s. part, and by Maiiantango cr. on the n. Powell's cr. rims through its central part. The surface is hil- ly and mountainous, and tiie soil, fertile. The Pennsylvania canal and the Union canal pass through it. Capital, Harrisburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 17,429, sheep 15,714, swine 27,817 ; wheat 277,248 bush, produced, rye 202,771, Ind. com 307,363, buckwheat 24,039, barley 1,980, oats 398,544, potatoes 125,051, silk cocoons 322 pounds, tobacco 46,730 ; 3 commis- sion houses in for. trade, cap. $23,500 ; 133 stores, cap. $479,110 ; 10 lumber yards, cap. $59,500; 3 furnaces, 3 forges, 9 fulling m., 6 woollen fac, 20 tanneries, 2 rope fac, 17 distilleries, 4 brewe- ries, 4 potteries, 29 flounng m., 35 grist m., 76 sow m., 2 oil m., 12 printing offices, 6 binderies, 1 peri- odical, 1 1 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manu- fac. $357,315. 3 acad. 1 15 students, 76 sch. 3,656 scholars. Pop. 1830, 25,303 ; 1840,30,118. Daui'iiin, p-v., Middle Paxton t, Dauphm co., Pa., 8 Hurri.->burg, 118 W. It is situated on the DAY 167 DAY Susquehanna r., and contains 2 stores, and 12 or 15 dwellings. Davenport, p-t., Delaware co., N. Y., 69 s. w. Albany, 14 n. Delhi, 361 W. The surface is hilly, andthe soil an argillaceous loam. Drained by Charlotte r. and its tributaries. It has 4 stores, cap. f|i 13,600; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 14 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $28,000. 15 sch. 724 scholars. Pop. 2,053. Davenport, p-v., capital of Scott co., Iowa, 350 above St. Louis, by water, 80 above Bur- lington. This place is pleasantly situated on the N side of the Mississippi river. Davidson, county, N. C. Situated in the cen- tral part of the state, and contains 790 sq. ms. It has the Yadkin r. on the w. Drained by several small streams flowing into it. Surface undula- ting, soil fertile. Capital, Lexington. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,163, sheep 14,319, swine 34,083; wheat 114,359 bush, produced, rye 5,691, Ind. com 465,828, oats 102,703, pota- toes 15,059, tobacco 80,502 lbs., cotton 1,368,100; 17 stores, cap. .$54,000 ; 2 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac, 9 tanneries, 218 distilleries, 10 flouring m., 51 grist m., 46 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manu- fac. $145,458. 2 acad. 52 students, 36 sch. 1,100 scholars. Pop. whites 11,937, slaves 2,533, free col'd 136 ; total, 14,606. Davenport Centre, p-c, Davenport t, Del- aware CO., N. Y., 74 s. w. Albany, 357 W. Davidson, county, Tenn. Situated centrally, a little north of the centre of the state, and con- tains 640 sq. ms. Cumberland r. passes through it from E. to w., curving to the s. Drained by Harpeth r.. Stone's r.. White's and Poplar creeks. Surface undulating ; soil, fertile. Capital, Nash- ville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 21,769, sheep 2,513, swine 90,336 ; wheat 104,486 bush, produced, rye 56,505, Ind. corn 1,456,800, oats 228,924, potatoes 57,051, tobacco 334,391 pounds, cotton 194,665 ; 11 commer. and 8 com. houses, cap. $235,000; 83 stores, cap. $1,613,700; 4 lum- ber yards, cap. $3,800 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac, 10 tanneries, 26 distilleries, 5 flouring m., 75 grist m., 31 saw m., 1 paper fac, 4 printing of- fices, 2 binderies, 1 daily, 5 weekly, 3 semi-week- ly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. 344,230. 1 college, 125 students, 39 acad. 1,353 students, 13 sch. 367 scholars. Pop. 1830, 28,122; 1840, whites 17,457, slaves 12,348, free col'd 704; total, 30,509. Davidson, p-t., Lycoming co.. Pa., 109 n. Har- risburg, 219 VV. It has 3 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $1,000. 2 sch. 32 scholars. Pop. 370. Davidson, p-o , Harrison co., la., 115 s. In- dianapolis, 626 W. Davidson College, p-v., Mecklenburg co., N. C, 150 w. by s. Raleigh, 387 W. Davidson College, located here, was founded in 1838. It has a president, 2 professors, 23 alumni, 49 stu- dents, and 1,150 vols, in its libraries. The com- mencement is on the last Thursday in June. Davidson, t., Randolph co., Ark. Population, 355. Davidson, t., Lapeer co., Mich. Pop. 69. Davidson River, p-o., Henderson co., N. C, 239 w. by s. Raleigh, 519 W. Davidsonville, p-v., Anne Arundel co., Md., 10 Annapolis, 30 W. Davidsonville, p-v., Somerset co., Pa., 142 W. Harrisburg, 163 W. Davie, county, N. C. Situated in the cen- tral part of the state, and contains 175 sq. ms. It has the Yadkin river on the E.,and is drained by Its branches. Surface undulating, soil very fer- tiles. Capital, iMocksville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,414, sheep 5,615, swiue 18,783; wheat 44,431 bush, produced, rye 8,232. Ind. com 313,538, oats 54,145, potatoes 4,256, tobacco 66,771 pounds, cotton 307,040; 10 stores, cap $22,000 ; 1 cotton fac, 5 tanneries, 75 distilleries, 3 flouring m., 23 grist m., 19 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac $94,000. 12 sch. 268 scholars. Pop. whites 5,594, slaves 1,883, free col'd 92; total, 7,574. Davies, county, la. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, between the e. and w. forks of White r., which unite on its s. w. border. Wa- tered by the branches of White r. and small trib- utary creeks. The n. portion is level, the e. and s. undulating. Soil, generally fertile, with some fine prairies. Organized in 1816, and contains 420 sq. ms. Capital, Washington. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,778, sheep 6,276, swine 14,713; wheat 35,286 bush, produced, Ind. corn 202,423, oats 40,892, potatoes 12,787, tobacco 1,900 pounds ; 21 stores, cap. $.58,8.50; 2 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 7 grist m., 6 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $34,720. 1 acad. 43 students, 8 sch. 244 scholars. Pop. 6,720. Davies, county, Mo. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 576 sq. ms. The surface is undulating, and the soil fertile. Drained by the w. fork of Grand r., which passes cen- trally through it. Capital, Gallatin. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,451, sheep 2,267, swine 8,879 ; wheat 2,644 bush, produced, Indian corn 106,245, oats 8,720, potatoes 2,901, tobacco 28,608 pounds ; 3 stores, cap. $7,852 ; 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 5 sch. 91 scholars. Pop. whites 2,600, slaves 134, free col'd 2 ; total, 2,736. Davis, t., Lafayette co., Mo. Pop. 673. Davis, t.. Saline co.. Ark. Pop. 312. Davis, t.. Fountain co., la. Pop. 714. Davisborough, p-v., Washington co., Ga., 41 s. e. Milledgeville, 645 W. It contains an acad- emy and a few dwellings. It is situated on the central railroad, and is a depot. Davis Prairie, p-o., Lewis co.. Mo., 136 n. by E. JefTerson city, 905 W. Davis's Ferry, p-o., Pickens dist, S. C, 172 w. N. AV. Columbia, 574 W. Davis's Mills, p-o., Bedford co., Va., 153 v/ Richmond, 223 W. Davis's Mills, Barnwell dist., S. C, 106 s. s. w. Columbia, 611 W. Davidson's, p-o., Warren co., N. J., 60 n. n. w. Trenton, 208 W. Daviso.nville, p-o., Lapeer co., Mich., 59 a by w. Detroit, 583 W. Davis's Springs, p-o., Robeson co., N. C, 73 s. s. w. Raleigh, 361 W. Davis's Store, p-o., Bedford co., Va., 141 vr. by s. Richmond, 204 W. Daviston, p-v.. Clay co., la., 74 w. s. w. In- dianapolis, 645 W. Daviston, p-o., Talbot co., Ga. Davisville, p-v., Bucks co.. Pa., Ill e. Har- risburg, 153 W. Davisville, p-o., Pike co., Ga. Dawkin's Mills, p-o., Jackson co., O., 75 s. s. e. Columbus, 368 W. Dawson, p-o., Habersham co., Ga., 138 s. Mil- ledgeville, 601 W. Dawson's, p-o., Alleghany co., Md., 183 w. N. w. Annapolis, 151 W. Dawson's Stand, p-o., Bledsoe co., Tenn., 117 e. s. e. Nashville, 576 W. Dawsonville, p-o., Montgomery co., Md., 68 n. n. w. Annapolis, 28 W. Day, p-t., Saratoga co., N. Y., 63 n. by w. Al- bany, 431 W. The surface is hilly and mountain- ous. The Kayaderosseras mt. extends across it. Drained by Sacandaga r., on which most of the DEA 168 DEC good land is situated. It has 2 stores, 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 pottery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in nianufac. $8,700. 5 sch. 220 scholars. Pop. 942. Daysvili.e, p-o.. Ogle co.. 111. Dayanvii.le, p-v., Watson t., Lewis co., N. Y., 141 N. w. Albany, 440 W. Situated on Crystal or., and contains 2 stores, 3 saw m., 20 dwellings, and about 125 inhabitants. Day's Landing, p-o., York co., Pa., 33 s. s. e. Harrisburg, 99 W. Davsville, p-o., Bradley CO., Term., 163 s. e. Nashville, 574 W. Dayton, p-t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 312 w. by s. Albany, 350 W. The surface is undula- ting ; soil, clay and gravelly loam. Drained by Connewango cr. and its tributaries. It has 1 store, cap. 15,000 ; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,500. 6 sch. 308 schol- ars. Pop. 946. Dayto.n, p-o., Rockingham co., Va. Dayton, p-t., capital of Montgomery co., O., 68 w. by s. Columbus, 461 W. Pop. of the v., 1810,383; 1820, 1,139; 1830,2,954; 1840,6,067: the t. in addition, 4,268. Watered by Great Miami r. and its tributaries, s. w. branch of Mad r. and Wolf cr. Mad r. is here turned into a race, about a mile above its mouth, and after being employed in mills, is turned into the Miami, partly above and partly below the v., thus constituting the ground on which it stands, an island. In and near the v. are 4 cotton fac- tories with 5,000 spindles. There is a gun-bar- rel factory with a capital of fifteen thousand dol- lars, a large iron foundry, four machine shops, producing one hundred thousand dollars annu- ally, a clock factory producing 2,500 clocks yearly, an extensive paper iaotory, a carding and fulling mill, 7 flouring mills, 7 saw mills, 5 dis- tilleries, and various orlier mills and manufacto- ries. Capital in manufactures over $100,000. It contains a court house, and county offices of brick, and a jail and bankmg house of stone. It has 10 churches, 2 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 2 Baptist, 2 Methodist, 1 Lutheran, 1 German Re- formed, 1 Roman Catholic, 2 academies, 82 stu- dents, 6 schools, 873 scholars, over 1,200 hoiises, 50 stores, and 3 printing offices. The Miami canal passes through the place and connects it witli Cincinnati. Dayton, p-o., Lasalle co., 111., 137 N. N. E. Springfield, 777 W. Dayton, p-v., Tippecanoe co., la., 63 n. w. Indianapolis, 621 W. It contains about 50 in- habitants. Dayton, p-v., Marengo co., Ala., 76 s. by w. Tuscaloosa, 887 W. Deao Fall, p-o., Abbeville dist., S. C, 89 w. Columbia, 519 W. Deao, river. Me., the w. branch of Kennebec r., rises near the bimndary of Lower Canada, and after a course of 70 miles, falls into the Ken- nebec, 20 m. below Moosehead lake. It passes through a fertile country. Dead, r., p-o, Somerset co., 3Ie., 78 n. n. w. Augusta, 672 W. Dead, stream, a tributary of the Penobscot, enters it from the e. at Orono. Deal, v., Shrewsbury t., Monmouth co., N. J., is a small watering place, situated on Poplar Swamp cr. Here are boarding houses, capable of accommodating from 50 to 100 persons. It is a fine place for the enjoyment of sea air and bath- ing. The V. is about a mile from the sea, and 3 S. of Long Branch boarding houses. Deal's Mills, p-o., Caldwell co., N. C, 180 w. Raleigh, 413 W. Dean's Corners, p-o., Saratoga t., Saratoga CO., N. Y., 33 N. Albany, 406 W. Deansville, p-v., Marshall t., Oneida co., N. Y., 104 w. N. w. Albany, 375 W. Situated on the Chenango canal, and contains 1 church, 2 stores, 2 warehouses, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Dearbor.v, county, la. Situated in the s. e. part of the slate, has the Ohio r. on its E. border, and contains 380 sq. ms. Organized in 1802. Drained by Great Miami and Whitewater rivers, and a number of small creeks. The surface is hilly and broken, with rich bottom lands on the rivers. Capital, Lawrenceville. There were in 1810, neat cattle 10,455, sheep 16,151, swine 21,349 ; wheat 131,318 bush, produced, rye 1,218, Ind. corn 640,299, buckwheat 1,125, bariey 3,229, oats 152,802, potatoes 41,855, tobacco 2,850 pounds, sugar 34,366 ; 76 stores, cap. $196,497; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 600 sp., 6 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 1 pottery, 21 grist m., 22 saw m., 1 oil m,, 1 printing office, 1 weekly news- paper. Cap. in manufac. $73,595. 4 acad. 30 students, 56 sch. 1,110 scholars. Pop. 1830, 13,974 ; 1840, 19,327. Dearborn, t., Kennebec co.. Me., 15 n. Au- gusta. A large pond, wliich contains a number of beautiful islands, covers a considerable por- tion of its surface. Incorporated in 1812. It has 1 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 168. Dearborn, t., Wayne co., Mich. The Rouge r. passes through it. It has 8 stores, cap. $4,240 ; 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,050. It has 4 sch. 120 scholars. Pop. 1,248. Dearbornville, p-v.. Dearborn t., Wayne CO., Mich., 10 w. Detroit, 534 W. Situated on the s. branch of Rouge r. It contains 1 Metho- dist church, 7 stores, 1 saw m., 1 floiuing m., 1 iron foundry, and about 60 dwellings. The U. States arsenal located here, consists of 11 brick buildings, the whole surrounded by a wall of heavy masonry 12 feet liigh. Deardoof's Mills, p-o., Wayne t., Tuscara- was CO., O., 112 E. N. E. Columbus, 324 W. Deatonville, p-o., Amelia co., Va. Deaveutovvn, p-v., York t., Morgan co., O., 71 E. by s. Columbus, 343 W. It has an eleva- ted and pleasant site, and contains 3 churches, 35 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. De Bastrop, t., Chicot co.. Ark. Population, 270. Decatur, county, Ga. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 1,675 si|. ms. t yhaltahoochee r. runs on its w. border. Drained by Flint and Spring rivers. Flint r. unites with the Chattahoochee on the s. border of the co. Organized in 1824. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil not very fertile. Capitjil, Bain- bridge. There were in 183;), neat cattle 16,232, sheep 1,896, swine 16,517; Ind. corn 161,752 bush, produced, oats 4,039, potatoes 41,137, tobac- co 12,170 pounds, cotton 1,794,928, sugar 38,755 ; 18 stores, cap. $41,130 ; 23 tanneries, 1 distillery, 16 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manuliic. .$34,800. 4 acad. 173 students, 4 sch. 66 scholars. Pop. 1830, 3,854; 1840, whites 3,473, slaves 2,386, free col'd 8 ; total, 5,872. Decatur, county, la. Situated toward the s. e. part of the state, and contains 340 sq. ms. The surface is gently undulating ; soil fertile, and well adapted to grain. Drained by Flat Rock, t'lifty, and Sand creeks, which afford water povi'er. Organized in 1821. Capital, Greens- burgh. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,862, sheep 14.793, swine 28,290; wheat 77,511 bush, produced, rye 3,198, Ind. corn 64.3,015, buck- wheat 317, oats 112,195, potatoes 12,445, sugar DED 169 DEE 33,325 pounds ; 34 stores, cap. $90,350 ; 6 tanne- ries, 5 distilleries, 1 pottery, 21 grist m., 22 saw m , 1 oil m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspa- per, 1 acad. 75 students, 56 sch. 2,986 scholars. Pop. 12,171. Ueoatur, p-t., Otsego co., N. Y., 61 w. by s. Alljany, 375 W. The surface is elevated and hilly, and the soil sandy loam. Drained by Elk or. The v. has 1 Methodist church, 2 stores, and 20 dwellings. There are in the t., 2 stores, cap. $4,500 ; 1 fulling m., 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,320. 8 sch. 310 scholars. Pop. 1,071. Decatur, t., Mifflin co., Pa., 14 n. e Lewis- town. The surface is mountainous ; soil, slate and gravel. Watered by Jacks cr., a branch of the Juniata. It has 1 woollen fac, 1 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,945. 2 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 7G7. Decatur, p-v., Byrd t.. Brown co., O., 105 s. w. Columbus, 452 W. It contains a brick church, 3 stores, 30 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. Decatur, p-t.. Van Buren co., Mich., 153 w. Detroit, 615 W. Pop. 32S. Decatur, p-v., capital of De Kalb co., Ga., 90 N. w. Milledgeville, 676 W. It contains a court house, jail, an academy, 3 churches, and about 50 dweilings. It has an elevated and healthy situation. Tlie Georgia railroad from Augusta terminates near the v. Decatur, t., Marion co., la. It has 1 saw m., 6 sch. 151 scholars. Pop. 916. Decatur, t., Wa.shington co., O. It has 3 sch. 143 scholars. Pop. 439. Decatur, p-v.. Union dist., S. C, 77 n. w Columbia, 457 W. Decatur, t., Lawrence co., O. It has 3 sch. 98 scholars. Pop. 594. Decatur, p-v., Morgan co., Ala., 139 n. n. e. Tuscaloosa, 739 W. Situated on the s. side of Tennessee r., at the e. tennination of the Tus- curabia and Decatur railroad. It contains several stores and dwellings. Decatur, p-v., capital of Adams co., la., 132 N. E. Indianapolis, 522 W. Situated on the s. w. side of the Wabash r., and contains a court house and several dwellings. Decatur, p-v., capital of Newton co.. Miss., 76 e. Jackson, 954 W. Situated on the head waters of Chickasawha r. It contains a court house and several dwellings. / Decatur, p-v., capital of Meigs co., Tenn., 140 E. s. e. Nashville, 568 W. Situated 24 ms. E. of Tennessee r. It contains a court house, several stores and dwelling.s. Decatur, p-v., Howard co.. Mo., 54 n. w. Jef- ferson city, 959 W. Decatur, p-v., capital of Macon co., 111., 40 e. Springfield, 749 W. Situated on the w. side of the N. fork of Sangamon r., on the borders of an extensive prairie. The country around is fer- tile and well settled. It has 3 stores, several mechanics, and about 35 dwellings. Deckertown, p-v.. Wantage t., Sussex co., N. J., 87 N. Trenton, 256 W. It contains 1 Pres- byterian church, 4 stores, 1 grist m. and 20 dwell- ings. It is situated in a rich limestone country. Dedham, t., Hancock co.. Me. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,000. 5 sch. 197 scholars. Pop. 455. Dedham, p-t., capital of Norfolk co., Mass., 13 s. s. w Boston, 431 W. Situated on Charles r., which affords good vvat«r power. Neponset r. runs on its e. border, and a small stream runs from Charles r. into iSTeponset r. The t. is well cultivated, and contains 4 Congregational church- es, 1 Episcopal and 1 Baptist. The v. is pleasantly situated on Charles r., and contains 2 of the Con- gregational churches, and the Episcopal, a gran- ite court house, a jail, a bank, 2 printing offices, and more than 100 dwellings, many of them ele- gant. The Boston and Providence railroad passes through the t., and a railroad from the v., 2 ms. long, connects with it. It has 12 stores, cap. $17,000 ; 3 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 4,200 sp., 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 paper fac, 2 printing oflices, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $249,700. 3 acad. 68 students, 11 sch. 725 scholars. Pop. 3,290. Deep Creek, p-v., Norfolk co., Va., 114 s. E. Richmond, 244 W. Situated on both sides of Dismal Swamp canal, at its termination. It con- tains 1 free church, 6 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., several mechanics, and 25 dwellings. Ex- ports, cedar shingles and other lumber from the Dismal Swamp. Deep Cut, p-o., Mercer co., O. Deep River, p-v., Saybrook t, 3Iiddlesex co., Ct., 33 s. by E. Hartford, 33S W. Situated on Connecticut r., at the entrance of Deep r., a small tributary. It has 1 Congregational and 1 Baptist church, 1 comb fac, and several dwellings. Deep River, p-o., Guilford co., N. C, 99 w. N. w. Raleigh, 320 W. Deep, r., N. C, forms, with the Haw, the n. w. branch of Cape Fear r. Deep River, p-o., Lake co., la., 148 n. n. e. Indianapolis, 692 W. Deep Spring, p-o., Hawkins co., Tenn., 255 E. by N. Nashville, 441 W. Deep Water, p-o., Henry co.. Mo. DEEpWATER,t., VanBurenco., Mo. Pop. 261. Deep Well, p-o., Iredell co., N. C, 137 w. Raleigh, 374 W. Deer Creek, p-o., Mercer co.. Pa., 236 w. n. w. Harrisburg, 291 W. Deer Cre'ek, t., Madison co., O. It has 1 saw m., 4 sch. 151 scholars. Pop. 545. Deer Creek, p-o., Livingston co., Mich., 61 w. Detroit, 564 W. Deer Creek Works, p-o., Harford co., Md. Deer, cr., a small stream, Harford co., Md., enters the Susquehanna. Deer Creek, t., Pickaway co., O. It lies s. by w. Columbus, on both sides of a creek of the same name. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,500 ; 1 dis- tillery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 2 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 1,374. Deerfield, p-t, Rockingham co., N. H., 19 s. E. Concord, 475 W. The surface is uneven, and the soil fertile, but not easily cultivated. Set- tled in 1756. Pleasant pond, a large body of water in the N. part, has its outlet into Suncook r. Lamprey r. passes through the t. It has 9 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 4 tanneries, 3 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 oil m., 13 sch. 720 scholars. Population, 1,950. Deerfield, p-t, Franklin co., Mass., 95 w. by N. Boston, 399 W. Connecticut r. runs on its e. border, and Deerfield r. runs through it, and here joins the Connecticut r. It is fertile, and, partic- ularly on the rivers, has some of the best meadows in the state. The v., whicn is separated from Con- necticut r. by a chain of high hills, is pleasantly situated on a plain, chielly on one street, and contains a Congregational church, and an acade- my. There are in the t., 7 stores, cap. $25,300 ; 1 tannery, 2 rope fac, 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,219. 1 acad. 123 students, 15 sch. 303 scholars. Pop. 1,912. Deerfield, t., Oneida co., N. Y., 4 ms. n. Utica. SurHxce generally hilly ; soil, in some parts very fertile. Drained by tributaries of the Mohawk r. It has 4 stores, cap. $8,600 ; 1 grist DEE 170 DEK m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manul'ac. $13,'^3U. 11 sell. 458 scholars. Fop. 3,120. Deerfjeli), t., Cumberland co., N. J. The surface is level ; soil, clay, gravel and sand, made fertile by marl. Drained by Cohansey cr. and Muddy run, a branch of Maurice r. It contains 4 churches — 2 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Me- thodist. It has 5 stores, cap. $46,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen lac, 4 distilleries, 1 glass house, 1 pottery, 2 paper fac, 1 printing office, 1 bindery, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $97,y75. 3 acad. 396 students, 11 sch. 836 scholars. Pop. 2,621. Deerfield, t., Tioga co., Pa., 13 n. w. Wellsbo- rough. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly loam. Drained by Covvanesque cr., and Marsli cr. a tributary of Crooked cr. It has 3 stores, cap. $10,500 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $10,450. 2 sch. 140 scholars. Pop. 615. Deerfield, p-v., Warren co., Pa., 223 n. w. llarrisburg, 312 W. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,500. 4 sch. 80 scholars. Pop. 450. Deerfielij, p-t.. Portage co., O., 149 n. e. Columbus, 310 W. Watered by Mahoning r. The Pennsylvania and Ohio canal passes through the t. It has 6 sch. 221 scholars. Pop. 1,184. Deerfield, t., Warren co., O. It has 6 sch. 628 scholars. Pop. 1,871. Deerfield, p-v., Lenawee co., Mich., 65 s. w. Detroit, 495 W. Deerfield, t., Morgan co., O. It has 9 sch. 307 scholars. Pop. 1,235. Deerfield, p-v., Augusta co., Va., 134 w. n. w. Richmond, 171 W. Deerfield, t., Ross co., O., 44 s. Columbus. Pop. 1,235. Deerfield, p-v.. Randolph co.. la., 88 e. n. e. Indianapolis, 511 W. Deerfield, l., Van Buren co.. Mo. Pop. 301. Deerfield, t., Livingston co., Mich. It has 4 sch. 115 scholars. Pop. 440. Deerfield Street, p-v., Deerfield t., Cum- berland CO., N. J., 62 s. s. w. Trenton, 173 W. It contains a Presbyterian church, 1 store, and 25 dwellings. The t. is drained by Cohansey cr., and contains 4 churches, 2 Presbyterian, 1 Bap- tist, and 1 Methodist, and an academy, 1 1 stores, 1 large flouring m., 2 saw m., and 1 woollen fac. Deerfield, r., Mass., rises in Vt., and after a course of 50 ms. enters the Connecticut in the n. part of Deerfield t. Its precipitous banks, in its passage through the mountains, are curious and romantic. Deerfieldville, p-v., Union t., Warren co., O., 89 s. E. Columbus, 473 W. Founded in 1795, when it was a frontier town. Situated on the n. bank of Little Miami r. The river bottoms are here exceedingly rich, but being hable to be overflowed, this circumstance has retarded the growth of tlte place. It contains about 15 houses and 20 families. Deering, p-t., Hillsboro' co., N. H., 25 s. w. Concord, 469 W. Watered by Contoocook r. Incorporated in 1774. The surface is diversified, and the soil moderately fertile. It has some manufactures, particularly of brick. I has 2 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,910. 11 sch. 377 scholais. Poj). 1,124. Deer Isle, p-t., Hancock co.. Me., 93 E. by s. Augusta, 689 W. The t. consists of an island on the E. side of Penobscot bay, with 2 or 3 email adjoining islands. Incorporated in 17S9. These islands are fertile ; and having good har- bors, are well situated for engaging in the fishe ries. It has 15 stores, cap. $13,650; 1 fulling m.' 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 2 saw m., I acad. 30 stu- dents, 2 sch. 1,170 scholars. Pop. 2,841. Deeri'.vrk, t.. Orange co., N. Y., 38 w. New- burgh, 108 s. s. w. Albany. On the e. the sur- face is mountainous, but on the w., toward the Delaware, which washes its s. w. border, it ia level. The soil is gravelly loam, and alluvial sand, and vegetable mold. Watered by Never- sink r., and Bush's kill, tributaries of the Dela- ware. The Delaware and IIud.son canal, and the New York and Erie railroad pass through the t. It has 9 stores, cap. $35,400 ; 6 grist m., 9 sawr m. Cap. in manufac. $39,400. 3 acad. 236 stu- dents, 3 sch. 114 scholars. Pop. 1,6U7. Deer River Falls, p-o., Duane t., Franklin CO., N. Y., 197 N. by w. Albany, 530 W. Deersville, p-v.. Stock t., Harrison co., C, 109 E. by N. Columbus, 296 W. Defiance, p-v.. Defiance t., capital of Wil- liams CO., O., 152 N. W.Columbus, 504 W. Situ- ated at the junction of Maumee and Auglaize rivers. It is well located for commerce, being on the Wabash and Erie canal, and at the junc- tion of the Miami and Wubash canal, and at the union of several navigable rivers. It has a court house, jail, and 944 inhabitants. It was an im- portant military post in the Indian wars. It has 8 stores, cap. $31,300; 1 tannery, 1 printing of- fice, 1 weekly newspaper, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,550. 4 sch. 160 scholars. Defrietsville, p-v., Greenbush t., Rensse- laer CO., N. Y., 4 s. e. Albany, 347 W. It con- tains 1 Dutch Reformed church, 1 store, and 15 dweUings. De Kalb, county, Ga. Situated centrally toward the n. part of the state, and contains 360 sq. ms. The surface is an elevated table land- The Chattahoochee r. runs on its n. w. border. Watered by branches of the Chattahoochee and of the Ocmulgee rivers. The Georgia railroad from Augusta, extends to the centre of this co., and is to be continued to Tennessee r. Capital, Decatur. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,209, sheep 4,396, swine 19,235 ; wheat 45,648 bush, produced, Ind. corn 293,054, oats 47,007, pota- toes 1,051, tobacco 270 poimds ; 20 stores, cap. $132,200 ; 3 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 17 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,500. 2 acad. 77 students, 10 sch. 245 scholars. Pop. 1830, 10,042; 1840, whites 8,456, slaves 2,004, free col'd 7 : total, 10,467. De Kalb, county, Ala. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 1,500 sq. ms. Tennessee r. forms its n. w. boundary. Drained by Will's cr., a branch of Coosa r. The surface is uneven, excepting along the valley of the creeli. Capital, Lebanon. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,853, sheep 2,562, swine 98,779; wheat 14,965 bush, produced, Ind. corn 313,591, oats 12,.520, potatoes 21,231, tobacco 17,563 pounds, cotton 94,723 ; 10 stores, cap. $12,500 ; 3 tanne- ries, 8 distilleries. 10 grist m., 5 saw m., 2 acad. 147 students, 6 sch. 164 scholars. Pop. 5,929. De Kalb, county, Tenn. Situated in the cen- tral part of the stale, and contains 275 sq. ms. The N. and \v. parts are hilly and broken, being on the declivity of the Cumberland mountains. "The s. part is level barrens, affording good pasturage for cattle. The soil is generally thin, but fertile, producing tobacco and grain. Capital, Smilh- ville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,921, sheep 5,832, swine 22,029 ; wheat 17,235 bush, produced, rye 3,210, Ind. corn 244,319, oats 23,524, potatoes 71,000, tobacco 50,087 pounds, cotton 17,706 ; 6 stores, cap. $15,050 ; 10 tanne- ries, 26 distilleries, 5 flouring m., 75 grist m., 31 DEL 171 DEL saw m., 1 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 2 binde- ries, 1 daily, 5 weekly, 3 semi-weekly newspa- pers. Cap. in manufec. $344,230. 10 sch. 122 scholars. Pop. whites 5,398, slaves 459, free col'd 11; total, 5,868. De Kalb, county, la. Situated in the N. e. part of the state, and contains 365 sq. nis. Or- ganized in 1835. Watered by St. Joseph's fcranch of Maumee r. and several creeks. Cap- ital, Auburn. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,967, sheep 400, swine 3,033 ; wheat 9,058 bush, produced, Ind. com 31,730, oats 6,958, potatoes 18,679, tobacco 135 pounds, sugar 41,760 ; 4 stores, cap. $15,200; 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $6,300. 10 sch. 191 scholars. Pop. 1,968. De K.\lb, p-t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 195 N. N. w. Albany, 461 W. The surface is hilly, and the soil moderately fertile. Watered by Oswegatchie r. and its tributaries. Marble and iron ore are found here. The v. is situated on the E. side of Oswegatchie r., which has falls here, affording good water power. It contains 1 store, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 30 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. The r. is navigable for boats to Ogdensburg. There are in the t., 1 store, cap. $6,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,415. 14 sch. 521 schol- ars. Pop. 1,531. De Kalb, p-c, Ricliland co., O., 80 n. n. e. Columbus, 406 W. De Kalb, p-v., Hancock co., 111., 100 w. N. w. Springfield, 878 W. De Kalb, p-v., capital of Kemper co.. Miss., 106 E. N. E. Jackson, 911 W. Situated 2 ms. s. Sacarnochee or. It contains a court house, and a few dwellings. De Kalb, p-v., Lewis co., Va., 313 w. n. w. Richmond, 281 W. Situated on the n. bank of Little Kanawha r. De Kalb, p-o., Buchanan co., Mo. Delavan, p-o., Yorkshire t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 232 w. by s. Albany, 337 W. Delavan, p-o., Walworth co.. Wis., 64 s. E. Madison, 811 W. Delavan, p-o., Tazewell co., 111., 45 n. Spring- field, 783 W. Delaware, r., rises by 2 principal branches on the w. side of the Catskill mountains. The Mohawks, or western branch, proceeds from a small lake in a s. w. direction, and turning s. e., it reaches, the Pennsylvania line in lat. 42°, and proceeding 7 miles on the line between that state and N. York, it receives the Popacton branch, which also proceeds from the Catskill mountains, in a s. vv. direction to its junction. After the union of these streams, the river pursues a wind- ing course to the s. e., forming the boundary be- tween N. York and Pennsylvania, in the whole, for 50 miles. It touches the n. w. corner of N. Jersey at Carpenter's point, in lat. 41° 24'. It then takes a s. vv. direction, until at its passage through the Kiltatinny or Blue mountains, it turns to the s. e. This passage, called the Dela- ware Water Gap, is a great curiosity. The banks rise in a rugged and lofty wall, 1,600 feet high, precipitously from the water's edge, unbro- ken. The distance through the mountains is about 2 miles, and in one place the river has worn out of the rock a basin from the hill of many acres in extent. In general, there is hard- ly room along the water's edge for a road, it being in many places overhung by immense rocks. Through this pass the river has a great depth. At Easton, it receives from the w. the Lehigh, one of its principal tributaries. A little below Easton, the river passes S. Moun- tain, and has a course s. w. 60 miles to Trenton, in which distance there are 25 rapids, with a total fall of 165 feet ; but they are navigable at high water. The river, below Trenton, turns to the s. w. until near the bay, which it enters in a s. E. direction. The river, from its source to the ocean, is about 309 miles long. It is navigable for vessels of the largest class, 40 ms. to Phila- delphia ; and for sloops, 35 ms. further to Tren- ton. Above the falls at Trenton, it is navigable for boats of 8 or 9 tons, 100 miles. The Dela- ware is connected to the Hudson river by the Delaware and Hudson, and by the Morris canals. There is also a canal from the Delaware to the Chesapeake bay, 14 ms. long, 60 feet wide and 8 feet deep, sufficient for the passage of small ves- sels. There are 5 bridges over the Delaware, the lowest of which is at Trenton. The largest cities and towns on the Delaware are Philadel- phia, Burlington, Trenton, and Easton. Delaware Bay, at the mouth of Delaware r., is a large arm of the sea, 65 miles long, and 18 miles across at its mouth, between Cape May on tlie N., and Cape Ilenlopen on the s. in the mid- dle, it is 30 miles across. For 70 miles from the sea, this bay has no safe natural harbor; and within Cape Henlopcn, a magnificent work, called the Delaware Breakwater, has been erect- ed by the general government, consisting of a stone dyke or pier, 1,200 yards long, and another 500 yards long, forming a safe artificial harbor. 900,000 cubic yards of stone were consumed iu these structures. The stones weigh from a quarter of a ton to 3 tons each. DELAWARE. Delaware, one of the middle United States, and, next to Rhode Island, the least in the Union, is boimded n. by Pennsylvania ; e. by Delaware river and bay ; s. and w. by Maryland. It is between 38° 29' and 39° 47' n. lat., and between 74° 56' and 75° 40' w. Ion., and between 1° 13 and 1° 57' e. from W. It is 92 miles long, and 23 broad, and contains 2,120 sq. ms., or 1,356,800 acres. The population in 1790, was 59,094 ; in 1800, 64,272 ; in 1810, 72,674 ; in 1820, 72,749 ; in 1830, 76,739; in 1840, 78,035 : of which 2,605 were slaves ; 29,259 were white males, 29,302 do. females, 8,626 free colored males, 8,293 do. females. Employed in agriculture, 16,015 ; in com- merce, 467; in manufactures and trades, 4,060 ; navigating the ocean, 401 ; do. canals and rivers, 235 ; learned professions and engineers, 199. This state is divided into three counties, which, with their population in 1840, and their capitals, are as follows ; Kent, 19,872, Dover; New Castle, 33,120, Wilmington and New Castle ; Sus- sex, 25,093, Georgetown. These counties are divided into 24 hundreds. Dover, situated on Jones's creek, 7 miles from its entrance into Delaware bay, is the seat of go- vernment. The lower part of this state is very level. The northern part is moderately hilly and rough, and DEL 172 DEL some of the heights are commanding. An elevated tiible land, toward its western border, passes through the state, dividing the waters which fall into the Chesapeake, from those which fall into Delaware bay ; it contains a chain of swamps, from which the principal streams take their rise ; some flowing w. to the Chesapeake, and others E. to the Delaware. The soil in the n. is a strong clay ; in the middle it is mixed with sand ; and in the s. part, the sand predominates. In the neighborhood of Delaware river, the soil is rich and productive, but becomes less so toward the swamps in the w. The principal productions are wheat, of a superior quality, Indian com, rye, barley, oats, flax, buckwheat, and potatoes. Tlie southern part affords some fine grazing land ; and from a cypress swamp on Indian river, 12 miles long from n. to s., and 6 miles broad from e. to w., large quantities of limber are exported. Wheat is the principal article of export, and the Brandywine mills, in the neighborhood of Wilmington, are among the finest in the United States. In this state there were in 1840, 14,421 honscs and mules, 53,833 neat cattle, 39,247 sheep, 74,228 swine ; poultry valued at $47,265. There vsere produced 315,165 bush, of wheat, 5,260 of barley, 927,405 of oats, 33,546 of rye, 11,299 of buckwheat, 2,099,359 of Indian com, 64,404 pounds of wool, 200,712 bush, of potatoes, 22,483 tons of hay, 1,458 pounds of silk cocoons. The products of the dairy amounted to $113,828, and of the orchard to $28,211. The exports in 1810, were $37,001, and the imports were $802. There were 327 retail dry- goods and other stores, employing a capital of $967,750 ; 140 persons were engaged in the lumber trade, with a capital of $83,280 ; 165 persons were employed in the fisheries, with a capital of $170,000. The manufactures are more considerable than its commerce. There w-ere home-made or family articles produced to the amount of $62,116 ; 2 woollen manufactories, employing 83 per- .sons, producing articles to the amount of $104,700, and employing a capital of .$107,000 ; 11 cotton manufactories, with 24,492 sp., employing 566 persons, producing articles to the amount of $332,272, and employing a capital of $330,500 ; 2 furnaces produced 17 tons of cast iron, and 5 forges produ- ced 449 tons of bar iron, with a capital of $36,200 ; 1 paper mill produced to the amount of $20,800, and other manufactures of paper to the amount of $1,500, the whole employing 15 persons, and a capital of $16,200; 9 persons manufactured pottery to the amount of $4,300, with a capital of $1,100 ; hats and caps were manufactured to the amount of $15,300, and straw bomiets to the amount of $450, employing 35 persons, and a capital of $9,075; 18 tanneries employed 66 persons, and a capitil of $89,300; 75 other manufactories of leather, as saddleries, &c., manufactured articles to the amount of $166,037, employing a capital of $161,630; 9 persons manufactured confectionery lo the amount of $6,500, with a capital of $2,500 ; 27 powder mills, employmg 145 persons, manu- factured 2,100,000 pounds of gunpowder, with a capital of $220,000 ; 299 persons manufactured machinery to the amount of $314,500; 10 persons manufactured hardware and cutlery to the amount of $22,000 ; 10 persons manufactured granite and marble to the amount of $12,tXX) ; 1 16 per- sons produced brick and lime to the amount of $56,536 ; 143 persons manufactured carriages and wag- ons to the amount of $49,417, with a capital of $25,150; 21 flouring mills manufactured 76,194 barrels of flour, and with other mills, employed 288 persons, and produced to the amount of $737,971, with a capital of $294,150 ; ships were built to the amount of $35,400 ; 130 persons manu- factured furniture to the amount of $16,300, employing a capital of $31,800 ; 47 brick houses, and 104 wooden houses built, employed 299 persons, and cost $145,850 ; 6 printing offices and 2 binderies, 3 weekly and 3 semi-weekly newspapers, and 2 periodicals, employed 33 persons, and a capital of $11,450. The whole amount of capital in the state employed in manufactures was $1,589,215. The climate of this state is generally mild, though in the northern part the winter season is Bometimes considerably severe. It is generally healthy. The rivers are small. Brandywine creek rises in Pennsylvania, is 40 miles long, and uniting with Christiana creek, forms the harbor of Wilmington, 1 m. below the town, and 2 miles w. of Delaware river. Duck creek, Mispillion creek, and Indian river flow into the Delaware. Delaware bay washes the eastern part of the state. It has no good natural harbors in this part of it. To remedy this inconvenience, the government of the United States have undertaken the construction of the Delaware Breakwater, in front of Lewiston, near Cape Ilenlopen. It consists of 2 piers, an ice-breaker, 1,500 feet long, and a breakwater, 3,600 feet long, and when completed, is estimated to cost $2,216,950. Wilmington is the largest and most commercial town in the state. Vessels drawing 14 feet of water can come to its wharves ; it has considerable trade, and has several ships engaged in the whaling business. The other principal towns are Dover and New Castle. There is but one college in the state, Newark College, at Newark, which was founded in 1833, and had, in 1840, 23 students. Besides this there were in the state, 20 academies, with 761 stu- dents ; 152 primary and common schools, with 6,924 scholars ; and 4,832 persons over 20 years of age who could neither read nor write. The principal religious denominations are the Presbyterians, who, in 1836, had 15 ministers , the DEL 173 DEL Methodists, 15 ministers ; the Episcopalians, 6 ministers ; the Baptists, 9 churches and 5 ministers ; and the Roman Catholics, 2 ministers ; besides some Friends. In Jan., 1840, the state had 4 banks, and 4 branches, with an aggregate capital of $1,071,318. The slate had no state debt. The present constitution was adopted in 1831. The governor is chosen for 4 years, and to be ever after ineligible. The senate consists of 3 members from each county, cliosen for 4 years. The representatives are 7 from each county, chosen once in two years. The legislature meets once in two years, on the first Tuesday of January. The elections are held on the second Tues- day of November. Every male citizen over 22 years of age, who has resided one year in the state, and the last month in tlie county in which he votes, and paid a tax, has the right of suffrage ; and if he be between 21 and 22 years, and otherwise qualified, he may vote without the payment of a tax. The state treasurer is chosen by the legislature biennially ; and in case of his death, resigna- tion, &c., the governor fills the office until the next session of the legislature. The judicial power of the state is exercised by four common law judges and a chancellor. Of tlie 4 law judges, one is chief-justice, and the others are associates. The chief-justice and chancellor may be appointed from any part of the state, but there must be one associate judge in each county. A court consists of the chief-justice and two associates. No associate judge is permitted to sit in his own county. The legislature have power to establish such inferior courts as may be necessary. The chancel- lor exercises the powers of a court of chancery, and with all the judges, a court of appeals. The constitution provides that no act of incorporation shall be passed without a vote of two thirds, unless it be the renewal of an existing incorporation ; and all acts are to contain a power of revocation by the legislature. No act hereafter passed shall be in force longer than 20 years, without re-enactment by the legislature. No person belonging to the military, naval, or marine service of the United States, can gain such a residence as will entitle him to vote, by being sta- tioned at any military or naval post in the state. The Chesapeake and Delaware canal, is the most important work of internal improvement in this state. It crosses the northern part of the state, commencing at Delaware city, 46 miles below Philadelphia, and extends 13i mUes to Back creek, a navigable branch of Elk River. Being 66 feet wide at the surface and 10 feet deep, it is navigable for sloops and steamboats. The Deep Cut in this canal is 4 miles in length, through a hill 90 feet high. This canal was commenced in 1824, and completed in 1829, at a cost of $2,200,000. The New Castle and Frenchtown railroad also forms a connection between the Delaware and Chesapeake. It extends from New Castle on the Delaware river, to Frenchtown on Elk river, is 16i miles long, and was finished in 1832, at an expense of $400,000. Delaware was first settled by the Swedes and Finns, under the patronage of Gustavus Adolphus, and received the name of New Sweden. In 1630, they built a fort at Lewiston, and in a year after, another near Wilmington. They were too weak, and too far removed from the protection of the mother country, to sustain themselves against the Dutch, who subdued them in 1655. In 1664, this territory was included in tlie country taken by the English from the Dutch, granted by Charles II. to the Duke of York, who, in 1682, conveyed it to William Penn. Delaware remained nommally united to Pennsylvania, and imder its proprietary government, until 1775 ; though they had, in fact, a separate government before. They were denominated the Lower Countries of the Delaware, and as such, were represented in the first congress at New York, m 1765. This state suffered severely in the revolutionary war, in which its citizens bore an honorable part. In con- vention, they adopted the constitution of the United States, December 3d, 1787, by a unanimous vote. Delaware, county, N. Y. Situated toward the s. E. part of the state, and contains 460 square ms. The surface is rough and MUy, but the land in the valleys is of a superior quality, and the hills are well adapted to grazing. Watered by head branches of Delaware and Susquehanna rivers, dovro which lumber is floated to a market. The chief articles of export are live stock and lumber. Capital, Delhi. There were in 1840, neat cattle 56,982, sheep 135,843, swine 27,738 ; wheat 94,120 bush, produced, rye 128,053, Indian corn 46,454, buckwheat 63,832, barley 1,158, oats 464,715, potatoes 779,424, sugar 398,967 pounds ; 82 stores, cap. $280,897 ; 24 fulling m., 5 wool- len fac, 28 tanneries, 52 grist m., 220 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in nianufac. $312,495. 2 acad. 433 students, 284 sch. 10,651 scholars. Pop. 1830, 32,933 ^ 1840, 35,396. Delaware, county, Pa. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 220 square miles Drained by Darby, Ridley, and Chester creeks, which aflJbrd numerous mill seats. The surface is undulating, and the soil productive. A large amount of the vegetables in the Philadelphia market is supplied from this county, and the amount of its manufactures is great. Capital, Chester. There were in 1810, neat cattle 14,786, sheep 7,121, swine 12,426 ; wheat 91,381 bushels produced, rye 3,359, Ind. corn 178,264, buckwheat 1,816, barley 3,443, oats 219,047, potatoes 81,895, silk cocoons 210 pounds ; 43 stores, cap. $126,000 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $9,500 ; 5 fulling m., 1 fur- nace, 9 woollen fac, 21 cotton fac. 36,202 sp., 3 dyeing and print, estab., 12 tanneries, 4 potter- ies, 2 flouring m., 29 grist m., 3 J saw m., 11 paper fac, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in mannfac. $671,824. 2 colleges 118 stu- dents, 51 sch. 2,257 scholars. Pop. 1830, 17,361 ; 1840, 19,791. DEL 174 DEM DELAWAaK, county, O. Situated in the cen- tral part of the statfi, and contains 610 sq. miles. The Scioto and Whetstone rivers, and Alum and Big Walnut creeks, pass through the county from N. to s., and, with other streams, aHbnJ ni;iny mill seats. The soil is well adapted to fiirming. Capital, Delaware. There were in 1840, neat cattle 19,73-2, sheep 26,840, swine 37,331 ; wheat 139,531 bush, produced, rye 3,620, Indian corn 410,618, buckwheat 14,237, barley 4,222, oats 206,282, potatoes 68,037, tobacco 18,250 pounds, sugar 269,0S7 ; 38 stores, cap. §79,755 ; 1 woollen fac, 19 tanneries, 6 distilleries, 37 grist m., 67 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 paper fac, 1 printing ollice, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $149,970. I acad. 42 students, 42 sch. 3,365 scholars. Pop. 1830, 11,523; 1840,22,060. Delaware, county, la. Situated in the e part of the state, and contains 3S4 sq. ms. The surface is generally level, and the soil productive. Drained by the w. fork of White r., and Missis sinewa r., besides Bell and Buck creeks. Capi tal, Muncietown. There were in 1840, neat cat' tie 6,455, sheep 6,952, swine 11,465 ; wheat 5S,902 bush, produced, rye 3,633, Indian corn 315,888, buckwheat 1,583, oats 82,548, potatoes 20,7SO, sugar 99,778 pounds ; 16 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 13 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $51,621. 1,329 scholars ui schools. Fop. 1830, 2,374 ; 1840, 8,843. Delaware, county, Iowa. Situated in the n. part of the territory, and contains 576 sq. miles. Watered by Macoquetais r. and its tributaries. The surface is dry and rolling, and the soil is fertile. It abounds with excellent timber. Iron ore is found. It is attached to Dubuque co. for judicial purposes. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 228, sheep 25, swine 574 ; wheat 450 bushels produced, Ind. com 3,775, oats 690, potatoes 1,475. Pop. 168. Delaware, t., Hunterdon co., N. J. Situated on the E. side of the Delaware r., and drained by Wickhecheoke cr. It has 7 stores, cap. 12,000 ; 3 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 6 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. §fl2,360. 8 sch. 227 scholars. Pop. 2,305. Delaware, t., Mercer co., Pa., 7 n. w. Mer- cer. The surface is uneven ; soil, clay and loam. Drained by Chenango and Lackawan- nock crs. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,500 ; 1 tannery, 1 distillery. Cap. in manufac. $1,600. 12 sch. 455 scholars. Pop. 2,024. Delaware, p-t.. Pike co.. Pa., 148 n. e. Har- ri.sburg, 242 W. Watered by Dingman's cr. and Bushkill cr. Surface, uneven and broken ; soil, gravelly loam. The v. has an academy, to which the stale gave $1,000. It has 5 sch. 128 scholars. Pop. 590. Delaware, t., Williams co., O., lying on Mau- mee r., w. of Defiance. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $500. 2 sch. 41 scholars. Pop. 201. Delaware, C. H., p-v., capital of Delaware CO., O., 24 N. Columbus, 408 W. It is pleasantly sittiated on the w. bank of the 01eatang>' or Whetstone r., across which is a handsome bridge. It contains a handsome brick court house, 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist — 12 stores, 1 woollen fac, 1 printing office, 150 houses, and 898 inhabitants. There is a whit« sulphur spring in the s. e. border of the v., where a spacious mansion house is erected for visiters, and which is considerably frequented. There are also several chalybeate springs in the immediate vicinity. Pop. of t. 1,091. Delaware, t., Hancock co., O. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,500 i 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $3,015. 4 sch. 106 scholars. Pop. 451. Delaware, p-v., Jersey co., 111., 59 s. w. Springfield, 826 W. Delaware, t., Hamilton co., la. It has 2 sch. 39 scholars. Pop. 753. Delaware, p-v., Ripley co., la., 65 s. e. In- dianapolis, 536 W. Pop. 1,253. Delaware, city and p-v., Newcastle co., Del., 35 N. Dover, 130 W. Situated on the w. bank of Delaware r., at the entrance of the Ches- apeake and Delaware canal. It contains 30 or 40 large buildings. Delaware Grove, p-o., fiercer co., Pa., 240 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 283 W. Delectable Hill, p-o.. Pike co., la., 139 s. w Indianapolis, 670 W. Delhi, p-t., capital of Delaware co., N. Y., 77 w. s. w. Albany, 327 W. The surface is broken, but the soil in the valleys is fertile. Drained by branches of Delaware r., which here unite to form the Mohawks or w. branch of the Delaware. The v. is pleasantly situated on a plain, on the w. side of the w. branch of Cooquago or Mo- hawks r. It has a fine court house, a jail, an academy, 3 churches, 10 stores, 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 2 printing offices, 125 dwell- ings, and about 800 inhabitants. Pop. of the t. 2,554. The t. has 10 stores, cap. $45,000 ; 2 full- ing m., 1 woollen fac, 2 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $35,700. 1 acad. 183 students, 17 sch. 642 scholars. Delhi, t., Hamilton co., O., between Cincin- nati and North Bend. It is a small township of excellent land. It has 3 sch. 107 scholars. Pop. 1,466. Delhi, p-v., Jersey co., EL, 78 s. w. Spring- field, 820 W. Delphi, p-v., Pompey t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 119 w. by N. Albany, 342 W. It contains 2 churches, 3 stores 35 dwellings, and about 250 in- habitants. Delphi, p-v., Marion co., Tenn., 114 s. e. Nashville, 611 W. Situated on the w. side of Sequatchy r. Delphi, p-v., capital of Carroll co., la., 66 n. n. w. Indianapolis, 624 W. Situated on the e. side of Wabash r., at the entrance of Deer cr. Near this place is a remarkable spring of water, of a reddish color. It contains a court house, 3 churches, several stores, 35 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. DELPiii, p-v.. Gasconade co.. Mo., 53 s. e. Jef- ferson city, 917 W. Situated on the n. side of Bourbeuse cr. Delphton, p-v., Fayette co., Ky., 20 e. by s. Franktbrt, 530 W. Delta, p-v., Lee t., Oneida co., N. Y., 112 w. N. w. Albany, 396 W. It contains 1 church, 3 stores, 1 large flouring m., 1 fuUing m., 1 furnace, 1 distillery, 50 dwellings, and about 350 inhabit- ants. Delta, p-o., Lucas co., O., 145 n. by w. Co lumbus, 476 W. Delta, p-o., Parke co., la., 73 w. Indianapolis 644 W. Delta, p-o., Coahoma co., Miss. Delmar, t., Tioga co.. Pa. It has 11 stores, ca]). $18,400; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 3 grist m., 13 saw m Cap. in manufac $23,050. 5 sch. 125 scholars Pop. 9'16. Demand, t., Randolph co.. Ark. It has 1 sch 20 scholars. Pop. 319. Democrat, p-o., Carroll co., la. Democracy, p-o., Pike t., Knox co , O., 59 S Columbus, 377 W. DEP 175 DER Demopolis, pv., Marengo co., Ala., 64 s. s. w. Tuscaloosa, 876 W. Situated on the e. bank of Tombigbee r., a little below the mouth of Black Warrior r. It contains a U. S. land office, 30 stores, and 150 dwellings. De.moss, p-o., Belmont co., O., 126 e. Colum- bus, 287 W. Dempseytown, p-o., Venango co., Pa. Denmark, p-t., Oxford co., Me., 82 s. w. Au- gasta, 47 n. w. Portland, 569 W. Saco r. runs on its s. w. border. It has a good soil, producing excellent wheat. It has 2 stores, cap. ,$1,500 ; 1 fulling ra., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 3 saw ra., 15 sch. 490 scholars. Pop. 1,143. Denmark, p-t., Lewis co., N. Y., 146 n. w. Albany, 435 W. Black r. runs on its n. e. bor- der. Watered also by Deer or. The surface is hilly, and the soil a rich loam, underlaid with limestone. It has 4 stores, cap. $17,800; 1 fur- nace, 2 fulling ra., 1 woollen lac, 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 5 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. |ll,200. 1 acad. 120 students, 18 sch. 773 schol- ars. Pop. 2,338. Denmark, p-t., Ashtabula co., O., 203 n. e. Columbus, 335 W. Organized in 1815. It has 1 grist m., and 2 saw m. 3 sch. 64 scholars. Pop. 176. Denmark, p-v., Madison co., Tenn., 146 s. w. by w. Nashville, 831 W. Dennis, p-t., Barnstable co., Mass., 81 s. e. Boston, 482 W. It extends across Cape Cod. Salt has long been made here by the evaporation of sea water. There were in 1840, 37,315 bush, produced. Bass r., issuing from a small pond, affords some water power. Considerable ship- ping is owned at this place, engaged in the fish- eries and the coasting trade. It has 19 stores, cap. $22,325 ; 1 tannery, 5 grist m. Cap. in fish- eries $36,300 ; in manufac. $9,192. 14 sch. 899 scholars. Pop. 2,942. Dennis, p-t.. Cape May co., N. J., 85 s. Tren- ton, 195 W. Post-office called Dennis Creek. Dennis cr., which enters Delaware bay, runs on its s. w. border. The n. part consists of sandy plains. There are in the t. 2 churches ; 7 stores, cap. $13,800; 2 grist m., 6 saw m., 4 sch. 205 scholars. Pop. 1,350. Dennison, t., Luzerne co., Pa. It has 3 stores, cap. $13,000; 1 powder m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $42,500. 1 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 976. DeniVisville, p-o., Amelia co., Va., 53 s. w. Richmond, 170 W. Dennysville, p-t., Washington co., Me., 174 E. N. e. Augusta, 760 W. Dennis r. runs on its s. w. border, and enters Cobscook bay, which lies s. of it. It has 2 stores, cap. $10,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,500. 2 sch. 178 scholars. Pop. 378. Denton, p-o.. Pike co.. Pa., 138 N. E. Harris- burg, 232 W. Denton, p-v., capital of Caroline co., Md., 65 E. Annapolis, 105 W. Situated on the e. bank of Choptank r. It contains a court house and several dwelUngs. Dentonsville, p-v., Hanover co., Va., 21 n. Richmond, 133 W. Dent's 3Iills, p-o., Monongalia co., Va., 292 N. w. Richmond, 223 W. Depauville, p-v., Clayton t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 178 N. w. Albany, 428 W. It is situated on the E. side of Chaumont r., and contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 grist ra., 1 saw m., 30 dweUings, and about 200 inhabitants. Depere, p-v., capital of Brown co., Wiscon- sin, 153 N. E. Madison, 943 W. Depeyster, p-t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 198 N. N. w. Albany, 467 W. The surface is undu- lating, and the soil fertile, and easUy tilled. Black lake lies on its w. border, and O.swegatchie river passes through it. It has 1 saw m., 5 sch., 165 scholars. Pop. 1,074. Deposit, pv., Tompkins t., Delaware co., N. Y., 118 w. s. w. Albany, 3iM) W. Situated on the N. side of Delaware r., and contains 1 Presby- terian and 1 Baptist church, 5 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 100 dwellings, and about 600 inhabit- ants. Much lumber is floated from this place, dow-n the Delaware, to a market. Deptford, t., Gloucester co., N. J. It has a level surface, and a sandy soil. The s. part is chiefly a pine forest, furnishing timber and wood Drained by Big Timber cr. and branches of Egg Harbor r. Woodbury v., the capital of the co., is in this t. There are in the t. 14 stores, cap. .$28,000 ; 3 fulling m., 5 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac, 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly news- paper, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $32,900. 7 sch. 662 scholars. Pop. 2,570. Derby, p-t., Orleans co., Vt., 58 n. n. e. Mont- pelier, 574 W. It is bounded w. by Lake Mem- phremagog, and n. by the Canada line. Watered by Clyde r., issuing from Salem pond, on which are mill seats. Pine timber is found near the lake, where the soil is light ; but further back, the growth is hard wood, and the soil is fertile. Organized in 1798. It has 7 stores, cap. $24,700 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 distil- lery, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $27,850. 12 sch. 658 scholars. Pop. 1,631. Derby, p-t.. New Haven co., Ct., 44 s. av. Hartford, 300 W. The surface is uneven ; the soil, particularly on the banks of the rivers, is fer- tile. Watered by Housatonic, which washes its s. w. border, and Naugatuck rivers. The prin- cipal V. is situated at the head of sloop naviga- tion, on the e. side of the Housatonic r., just be- low the junction of Naugatiick r., 12 miles from the sound. Naugatuck r. affords excellent water power. The harbor is good for vessels of 80 tons, audits navigation is confined chiefly to the coast- ing trade with New York. A few miles back from the Housatonic, on Naugatuck r., is the romantic village of Humphreysville, where is a large woollen factory, which was one of the first established in the United States. There are in the t. 6 churches — 2 Congregational, 3 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist ; 13 stores, cap. $32,800 ; 1 lum- ber yard, cap. $8,000; 6 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 3 cotton fac. 2,378 sp., 3 tanneries, 4 distil- leries, 1 rope fac, 2 paper fac, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $260,700, principally in metals. 2 acad. 57 students, 11 sch. 695 scholars. Pop. 2,851. Derby Line, p-o., Derby t, Orleans co., Vt., 61 N. N. E. Montpelier, 377 VV. Derickson's Cross Roads, p-o., Worcester CO., Mass., 107 s. e. Annapolis, 147 W. Derry, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H., 28 s. E. Concord, 457 W. Taken from the e. part of Londonderry in 1823. It has a fertile soil, well adapted to grazing. It has some manufactures. The V. is pleasantly situated. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $19,500 ; 3 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 5 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac $28,100. 3 acad. 170 students, 11 sch. 521 scholars. Pop. 2,034. Derry, t., Mifflin co., Pa. Watered by Kish- coquilla cr. It contains Lewistown, the capital of the CO. It has 1 forge, 3 tanneries, 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $30,160. 6 sch. 199 scholars. Pop. 1,080. Derry, t., Dauphin co.. Pa., 12 s. e. Harris- burg. The surface is diversified ; soil, calcareous loam and slate. It has 7 stores, cap. $23,500 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $3,500 ; 2 fulling m., 2 wool- DES 176 DET len fac, 2 tanneries, 5 distillerips, o (louring m., 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in mauulac. $7,75 1. 2 sch. 120 soliolars. Pop. 1,816. Df.rry, p-t., Columbia co., Pa., 84 N. by e. Harrisburg, 194 W. The surface is level ; soil, clay and calcareous loam. It has 5 stores, cap. $23,500 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,975. 5 sch. 106 scholars. Pop. 1,754. De RuYTEii, p-t., Madison co., N. Y., 122 w. by N. Albany, 340 W. The surface is elevated and hilly, and the soil clay and sandy loam. Drained by Toughnioga r. The v. was incorpo- rated in 1833, and contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Baptist churcli, an academy, 4 stores, 1 tannery, 60 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitant.s. There are in the t. 8 stores, cap. $45,900 ; 2 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 10 saw m., 1 rope fac, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manulac. $46,100. 1 acad. 194 students, 14 sch. 520 scholars. Pop. 1,799. Desh.v, county, Ark. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 800 sq. ms. The Mississippi passes along its eastern border, and the Arkansas and White rivers unite and pass through tlie county. The surface is level, liable to be submerged in some parts ; soil, fertile. Capital, Helleville. Tliere were in 1840, neat cattle 4.592, sheep 229, swine 4,885 ; Ind. corn 65,455 b\ish. produced, potatoes 3,942, cotton 75,430 pounds; 11 stores, cap. $13,534; 6 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly news- paper. Cap. in manufac. $14,130. Pop. whites 1,155, slaves 407, free col'd 36 ; total, 1,598. Des Moines, r., Iowa, rises in the Coteau des Prairies, and flows in a s. E. direction through the s. part of the ter., and enters the Mississippi at the foot of the Des Moines rapids, on the boundary between Iowa and Missouri. In high water it is navigable 100 miles for steamboats, and for keel boats in all seasons. Des Moines, county, Iowa. Situated in the s E. part of the ter., and contains 410 sq. ms. Mis- sissippi r. flows on its e. border. Drained by Flint r. and its tributaries. Skunk r. forms its s. w. boundary. It consists of timber and prairie in due proportions, and has a fertile soil. Capi- tal, Burlington. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,488, sheep 3,424, swine 15,940; wheat 15,810 bush, produced, Ind. corn 190,720, oats 50,933, potatoes 17,428; 22 stores, cap. 128,975; 3 com. nouses, cap. $14,000 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $1,000 ; 2 tanneries, 1 pottery, 2 grist m., 7 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $46,650. 16 sch. 352 scholars. Pop. 5,577. Des Moines, p-v., Hancock co., 111., 121 w.n. W. Springfleld, 899 W. Des Moines, t., Clark co., Mo. It has 1 sch. 22 scholars. Pop. 435. De Soto, county. Miss. Situated in the n. part of the stale, and contains 925 sq. ms. Draineil by Cold Water r. and branches. The jMissis- sippi r. passes along its n. w. comer. Capital, Hernando. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,H6S, sheep 2,046, swine 17,204 ; wheat 2,600 bushels produced, Ind. corn 159,145, oats 3,250, potatoes 12,450, cotton 251,078 pounds; 4 stores, capital $3,300 ; 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 7 saw m. CJap. in manufac $38,780. 13 sch. 322 scholars. Pop. whites 3,975, slaves 3,021, free col'd 6 ; total, 7,002. Des Pi.aines, p-o.. Cook co., III., 182 n. e, by N. Springfield, 741 W. Des Plaines, r., one of the head branches of Illinois r., rises in Wisconsin, a few miles above the boundary of Illinois, and runs generally over a bed of limestone rock, through a fertile coun- try. Detroit, city, capital of Wayne co., Mich., and of the state, 302 w. BufTalo, 524 W. It has a pleasant and healthy situation, on a river or strait of the aame name, 30 feet above its surface, with a fine view of the surrounding country. It is 7 mites below the outlet of Lake St. Clair, and 18 above the w. end of Lake Erie, in 42° 19' 53" N. lat., and 82° 58' w. long., and 5° 56' 12" w. long, from W. Pop. 1810, 770 ; 1820, 1,422 ; 1830, 2,222; 1810,9,102. It extends for the distance of a mile upon the r., and three fourths of a mile hack. For 1,200 feet back of the r. its plan is rectangular. From this point 8 avenues, 2(K) feet wide, radiate, dividing it into triangular portions, all terminating at a large open area, called the Grand Circus. The principal public and private offices, and drj^goods stores, are located on Jef- ferson avenue, a fine street running parallel with the r. There are several public squares, the most noted of which is called the Campus Mar- tins. The city is drained by public sewers. The city is partially supplied with water I'rom an elevated reservoir, filled vvith water raised by steam power from the river. Detroit is among the earlier settlements of N. America, having been foimded by the French from Canada in 1683. Among the public buildings are the State House, of brick, of the Ionic order, 90 by 60 feet, with 6 columns in front, and pilasters on the sides. The dome presents an extensive and fine view of the surrounding countrj'. The City Ilall, of brick, is a neat edifice, 100 feet by 50. The lower story is a market, and the second contains a spacious hall, in which the courts are hold. It contains 8 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist, 1 Baptist, 1 German Lu- theran, 2 for colored people, supplied by clergy- men of different denominations, and 2 Roman Catholic. Some of these churches are large and splendid buildings. The Bank of 3Iichigan is a fine stone edifice, of Grecian architecture, 56 by 40 feet. There are 3 other banks, and the whole capital of the banks is $2,250,000. There are a U. S. land office, 3 markets, a theatre, a muse- um, a public garden, state penitentiary, govern- ment magazine, and mechanics' hall. There are various charitable and benevolent institu- tions. Tlve Protestants and the Roman Catholics have each an orphan asylum. The ladies' free school society educate 200 indigent children. There are several literary and scientific societies. There are 3 female institutes of a hii^h order, and several equally respectable schools for boys, besides 12 public schools, attended by about 500 children. Detroit is admirably situated for trade, and is becoming a great commercial emporium. The navigation of the river and lake are open about 8 monllis in tho year. The arrivals of vessels and steamboats at this place are about 3l)0 annually, and the clearances are as many. The tonnage of the port in 1810 was 11,432 tons. The first steamboat arrival at this place, was in August, 1818. Now, several of the largest class arrive and depart daily. The central railroad, which is designed to extend acrass the peninsula, is fin- ished 44 rns. from Detroit to Ann Arbor. Detroit was incorporated as a city in 1815. It has seve- ral times suffered severely by fires. There were in 184t), 11 conunission houses in for. trade, cap. $123,000 ; 113 retail stores, cap. $412,760 ; 4 lum- ber yards, cap. $31,500; 3 furnaces, 1 tannery, 2 breweries, 1 pottery,3 printing offices, 2 binderies,3 daily and 4 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $172,375. DEX 177 DIL Detroit, river, N. America, forms the bound- ary between Canada and the United States, and extends from Lake St. Clair, 28 ms., to Lake Erie. Opposite to Detroit, it is three fourths of a mile wide, and increases in width as it descends. It is navigable for ves.gecomb's Corners, p-o., Galway t., Sara- toga CO., N. Y. Edgefield, dist, S. C. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 1,680 sq. ms. Sa- luda r. runs on its n. e. border, and Savannah r. on its s. w. Drained by Little Saluda r. and Stephens' cr. The surface is moderately un- even ; soil not very fertile, but well adapted to cotton, of which it produces annually 35,000 bales. Capital, Edgefield. There were in 1840, neat cattle 36,339, sheep 15,324, swine 62,184 ; wheat 40,295 bush, produced, rye 3,023,' Ind! corn_l,06S,521, oats 120,384, potatoes 62,069, cot- ton 7,613,125 pounds; 6 commercial and com houses, cap. ,$26,000 ; 39 stores, cap. $205,500 ; 1 -cotton fac. 2,000 sp., 8 tanneries, 8a grist m., 52 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. m manufac. $127,175. 1 acad. 65 students, 5 sch. 152 scholars. Pop. whites 15,020, slaves 17,533, free col'd 294 ; total, 32,852. Edgefield, C. H., p-v., capital of Edgefield dist., S. C, 140 N. w. Charleston, 56 w. s. w. Columbia, 554 W. It contains a court house, 3 churches— 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist —2 academies, 6 stores, and about 1,200 inhabi- tants. Edgemont, p-t., Delaware eo.. Pa., 87 e. s. e Harrisburg, 129 W. Tlie surface is hilly ; soil loam. Watered by Ridley cr. It has 2 stores cap. $10,500; 1 cotton fac, 1 grist m., 3 saw m' Cap. m manufac. $500. 4 sch. 114 scholars Pop. /13 Edina, p-v., capital, Scotland co.. Mo. Situ- ated on the w. side of the South Fabius r 30 ms N. Shelbyville. Edinburg, p-b., Erie co., Pa., 253 n. w Har- risburg, 326 W. Pop. 232, IN- w. jiar Edinburg, p-t., Saratoga co., N. Y., 52 n Albany, 420 W. Tlie surface is mountai^iou's on the E., undulating on the w. Watered by Sa condaga r., along which are fertile alluvial flats It has 4 stores, cap. $3,000; 1 fulling m., 1 tan- ^^.I'^llJ S"st m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,a00. 12 sch. 467 scholars. Fop. 1,458 25 Edi.nburg, p-v., Malioning t., Mercer co.. Pa., 242 w. N-. w. Harrisburg, 230 W. It contains 2 stores, 1 grist m., and 12 or 15 dwellings. Edinburg, p-t.. Portage co., O., 146 n. e. Co- lumbus, 315 W. The soil is fertile, and adapted to grazing. Organized in 1319. It has 2 church- es, and 2 stores. It has 10 sch. 3ci3 scholars. Pop. 1,035. Edinburg, p-v., Johnson co., la., 30 s. Indian- apolis, 5S1 W. Situated at the junction of Blue r. and Sugar cr., branches of the e. fork of Wliite river. Edinburg, p-o., Scotland co., Mo. Edinburg, p-v., Leake co., Miss., 71 n. e. Jackson, 947 W. Edinburg, p-v., capital, Jones co., Iowa. Sit- uated on a small branch of Mineral cr., which flows into 31akoqueta r. Edinburg, t., Penobscot co., Me. Incorpora- ted in 1835. Bounded e. by Penobscot r. It has a considerable pond in tlie x\. w. part, the outlet of which flows across it into the Penobscot. It has 1 sch. 23 scholars. Pop. 52. Edisto, r., S. C, rises in 2 main branches called North Edisto and South Eilisto, in Edge- field dist., and pursues a s. e. course into Colle- ton dist., where it turns to the s. and enters the Atlantic by two branches, which form a large island, called Edisto island. This island is 12 miles long, and from 1 to 5 broad, and contains 2 churches — 1 Presbyterian and 1 Episcopal. Edisto r. is navigable for large boats lOtI ms. Edmeston, p-t., Otsego co., N. Y., 15 w. Cooperstown, 89 w. Albany, 355 W. The sur- face is hilly; soil, sandy loam. Drained by Wharton's cr. and Unadilla r., by which it is bounded w. The v. contains 1 store, 1 grist m., and 8 or 10 dwellings. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. $10,500; 3 fulling m., 5 tanneries, 2 grist m., 11 saw. Cap. in manufac. $29,175. 14 sch. 633 scholars. Pop. 1,907. Edmonds, t., Wa.shingt«n co.. Me. Situated on Cobscook bay, which bounds it on the e. It has 3 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $2,500. 4 sch. 113 scholars. Pop. 259. Edmonds, p-o., Brunswick co., Va., 88 s. Rich- mond, 204 W. Edmonson, county, Ky. Situated centrally, w. of the middle of the state, and contains 250 sq. ms. Watered by Green r. and its branches, Nolin cr., and Bear cr. The soil is fertile. Capi- tal, Brownsville. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 2,170, sheep 3,131, swine 7,420; wheat 6,733 bush, produced, Ind. corn 57,050, buckwheat 3,495, oats 24,780, potatoes 1,215, tobacco 94,122 pounds, cotton 2,525, sugar 2,060 ; 2 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 4 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $1,150. Pop- whites 2,579, slaves 334, free col'd 1 ; total, 2,914. Edneyville, p-o., Buncombe co., N. C, 257 w. Raleigh, 499 W. Edsallville, p-o., Bradford co., Pa., 161 n. Harrisburg, 26S W. Edwards, county. III. Situated toward the s. E. part of the state, and contains 200 sq. ms. The surfiice is undulating ; soil, fertile. Water- ed by Little Wabash r. and Bon Pas cr., which forms its e. boundary. Cajiital, Albion. There were in 1810, neat cattle 5,145, sheep 3,933, svvme 9,734 ; wheat 10,852 bush, produced, Ind. corn 139,539, oats 26,733, potatoes 8,746 ; 10 stores, cap. $43,550 ; 1 distillery, 1 brewery, 2 flouring in., 4 grist m., 2 saw m., 2 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $11,125. 4 sch. 87 scholars. Pop. 3,070. Edwards, p-t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 184 N. N. w. Albany, 463 W. The surface is un- EGG 194 ELD even ; soil, clay loam, well adapted to grass. Drained by Osvvegatcliie r. It has 3 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 1 "furnace, 1 forge, 2 grist m., 3 saw ni. Cap. in manuiac. $7,500. 4 sch. 140 scholars. Pop. 956. Edwardsburg, p-v., Oiitwa t., Cass cc, Mich., 172 w. s. w. Detroit, 617 W. Situated on Beardsley's lake, and contains 4 stores. A prai- rie stretches to the s. w. It is pleasantly situated and flourishing. Edw.vrdsport, p-v., Knox co., la., 105 s. w. Indianapolis, 672 W. Edwardsville, p-o., Edwards t., St. Law- rence CO., N. Y. Edwardsville, p-v., Salem t., Warren co., Ohio. Edwardsville, p-v., capital, Madison co., 111., 12 s. E. Alton, 74 s. by w. Springfield, 794 W. It contains a court house and jail, a U. S. land office, 2 churches — 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist — an academy, 7 stores, a castor oil fac, and about 70 or 80 dwellings. It has an elevated and plea- sant station, in the midst of a fertile country. Eel, r., la., rises in Hendricks co., and after a winding course, falls into White r., at Point Com- merce, in Greene co. Eel River, p-o., Plymouth co., Ms., 42 s. s. E. Boston, 450 W. Eel River, p-o., Allen co., la., 143 n. n. e. Indianapolis, 556 W. Effingiiaim, county, Ga. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 396 sq. ms. Sa- vannah r. runs on its e. boundary. Capital, Springfield. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,931, sheep 2,153, swine 6,943; wheat 1,222 bush, produced, Ind. corn 54,830, potatoes 20,459, rice 69,313 pounds, cotton 240,603, sugar 3,670 ; 4 stores, cap. $7,690 ; 1 acad. 30 students. Pop. whites 2,924, slaves 1,433, free col'd 9 ; total, 3,075. Effingham, county. 111. Situated a little s. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 486 sq. ms. The surface is slightly undulating; soil, moderately good. Drained by Little Wabash r. and its tributaries, on which the land is rich, but liable to occasional inundation. Capital, Ewing- ton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,334, sheep 678, swine 3,296 ; wheat 1,499 bush, produced, Ind. corn 55,800, oats 1,755, potatoes 1,797, sugar 2,000 pounds ; 5 stores, cap. $6,500 ; 1 distillery, 1 brewery, 5 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $3,500. Pop. 1,675. Effingha.m, p-t., Carroll co., N. H., 62 n. n. e. Concord, 540 VV. A large pond lies on its n. border, tlie outlet of which forms Great Ossipee r. Providence pond in tlie s. e. part, discharges its waters through Ihe t. into Great Ossipee r. Ossipee lake lies near its n. w. border. The surface is uneven, and the soil various. Incor- porated in 1778. It has 4 stores, cap. $4,900 ; 2 lulling m., 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in maimfac. $9,700 ; 1 acad. 100 students, 9 sch. 377 scholars. Pop. 1,195. Effingham, p-v., Darlington dist., S. C, 133 E. N. E. Columbia, 473 W. Egg Harbor, Great, river and bay, N. J. The r. rises in Gloucester t. and co., and flows 45 miles, into Great Egg Harbor bay, which is about 5 ms. long, and from i to 4 ms. broad. The river is navigable for sloops over 25 ms. above May's landing, below which it flows tlirough a marsh. Egg Harbor, Little, bay and river, N. J. The r. rises hi Burlington and Gloucester cotuities, and flows to the bay. It is navigable 25 miles, and is approached through New Inlet, wliich has a depth of water ol from 15 lo 18 feet. Egg Harbor, Great, t., Atlan ic co., N. J., 4S s. E. Woodbury. The surface is level. A marsh extends several miles from the shore, back of which the soil is sandy, and covered with pine forest. It contains the villages of Bargaintown and Somers' Point. It has 10 stores, cap. $10,600 ; 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,300. 10 sch. 810 scholars. Pop. 2,739. Egg Harbor, Little, t., Burlington co., N. J., 35 s. E. Mount Holly. The surface is level ; soil, gravel and sand. In the n. part are plains, covered with low pines and shrub oaks, in which deer and grouse are found. Drained by Bass r. and other branches of Little Egg Harbor r. It contains the v. of Tuckerton. There are in the t., 7 stores, cap. $17,000; 1 grist m., 1 saw mill. Cap. in manufac. $6,800. 7 sch. 285 scholars. Pop. 1,875. Egremont, t., Berkshire co., Mass. The sur- face is mountainous. Watered by branches of Housatonic r. Incorporated in 1778. It has 5 stores, cap. $2,000; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 acad. 18 students, 5 sch. 230 scholars. Pop. 1,033. Egypt, p-o., Perrington t., Monroe co., N. Y., 207 w. by N. Albany, 361 W. Egypt, p-o., Monroe co., Va., 261 w. Rich- mond, 298 W. Egypt, p-o., Fayette co., Tenn., 1&4 s. w. by w. Nashville, 879 W. Elamsville, p-v., Patrick co., Va., 216 w. s. w. Richmond, 291 W. Elba, p-t., Genesee co., N. Y., 7 n. Batavia, 255 w. Albany, 380 W. The surface is undulat- ing ; soil, sandy and gravelly loam. Drained by Oak Orchard cr. It has 6 store-s, cap. $31,500 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $100 ; 3fulHngm., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $60,710. 16 sch. 591 scholars. Pop. 3,161. Elba, p-o., Washtenaw co., Mich., 59 w. De- troit, 535 W. Elba, t., Lapeer co., Mich. It has 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,700. Pop. 101. Elbert, county, Ga. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 560 sq. ms. Sa- vannah r. runs on its n. e. border, and Broad r. on its s. w. boundary. The surface is hilly ; soil, productive red loam, in the s. part. Capital, El- berton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,431, sheep 5,983, swine 19,226 ; wheat 27,681 bush, produced, Ind. corn 294,423, oats 35,501, potatoes 10,778, silk cocoons 100 pounds, cotton 1,692,848 ; 18 stores, cap. $77,750 ; 7 flouring m., 19 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $36,740. 4 acad. 107 students, 6 sch. 146 scholars. Pop. whites 6,077, slaves 4,975, free col'd 73; total, 11,125. Elberton, p-v.> capital of Elbert co., Ga., Ill N.N E. Milledgeville, 563 W. It contains a court house, jail, 1 church, 2 academies, several stores, and 21 dwellings. Elbriuge, p-t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 13 w. Syracuse, 149 w. by n. Albany, 347 W. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil, fertile. Wa- tered by the outlet of Skaneateles lake, which flows N. into Seneca r. The Erie canal passes through the n. part, and the Utica and Albany railroad its s. part. It has 23 stores, cap. $63,400 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $1,700; 1 fulling m., 3 tan- neries, 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 10 saw m., 1 oil m. (^ap. in manufac. $230,285. 1 acad. 300 students, 17 sch. 1,017 scholars. Pop. 4,647. Elbridge, p-o., Edgar co.. 111., 123 e. Spring- field, 655 W. Elder Branch, p-o., Wilkes co., N. C, 162 w. by N. Raleigh, 369 W. Eldersville, p-v., Cross Creek t, Wasliing- ELI 195 ELI ton CO., Pa., -231 w. Harrii-barg, U.bi W. It con- tains alaout half a dozen houses. Elderton, p-v., Pkimb (reek t., Armstrong CO., Pa., 168 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 222 W. It contains 2 stores, and about 30 dwellings. El I)or.\do, p-o., Clark cc, Mo. Eldred, p-o., Wayne co., Pa., 180 n. e. Har- risburg, 277 W. Eldred, t., Jefferson co., Pa. Pop. 395. Eldredville, p-o., Lycoming co., Pa., 116 n. HarrLsburg, 226 W. Eldridgk, p-o., Bucldngham co., Va., 71 w. Richmond, 149 W. Eldridgk, p-o., Walker co , Ala., 52 n. Tus- caloosa, 819 W. Electra, p-o., Monroe co.. Miss., 188 n. e. Jackson, 917 W. Eleven Points, p o., Ripley co., Mo., 204 s. s. E. Jefferson city, 978 W. Eleysville, p-o., Erie co., N. Y., 282 w. Al- bany, 386 W. Elgin, p-o., Lyndon t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 285 w. by s. Albany, 325 W. Elgin, p-v., Kane co.. 111., 199 n. n. e. Spring- field, 752 W. Situated on the w. side of Fox r. It contains 3 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Bap- tist, 1 Methodist — 1 academy, 4 stores, 3 saw m., 1 grist m., and 300 inhabitants. Elimsport, p-o., Lycoming county, Pa., 78 n. Harrisburg, 194 W. Eliza, p-o., Mercer co., 111., 153 n. \v. Spring- field, 888 W. Elizabeth, t., Essex co., N. J. The soil is red shale, clay, loam, and marsh, and fertile. Watered by Bound and Morss brooks. Large quantities of grass are cut on the marsh, chiefly for manure. Newark bay and Staten Island sound lie on its e. border. It has 22 stores, cap. $51,900; 2 lumber yard.s, cap. 10,000; 2 tanne- ries, 3 potteries, 2 printing offices, 1 bindery, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manulac. $297,250. 3 aead. 150 students, 10 sch. 393 scholars. Pop. 4,184. Elizabeth, t., Alleghany co.. Pa. It lies be- tween Youghiogheny and IMonongahela rivers, by branches of which it is watered, and which unite at its extreme n. point. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam. Coal is found in abundance, and can be bought in the pit for half a cent per bushel. It has 7 stores, cap. $31,950 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2distilleries, lglasshou.se, 6 flour- ing m., 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $57,600. 11 sch. 520 scholars. Pop. 3,317. Elizabeth, p-v., Elizabeth t.. Alleghany co., Pa., 14 s. Pittsburg, 192 w. Harrisburg, 218 W. Situated on the e. side of the Monongahela. By means of a slack water navigation, steamboats of a large class come to this place, and many are built here. It contains 2 churches, 6 stores, 1 glass fac, 1 woollen fac, 1 steam flouring m., 1 saw ni., and numerous mechanics. Elizabeth, t., Lancaster ro.. Pa. The surface is hilly ; soil, red shale and gravel. Trout creek runs on its e., and Hammer ct. on its w. bounda ry. Traversed by Middle cr. and its tributary, JSeglock cr. It has 1 church, and contains the v. of Brickersville. There are in the t., 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 12 gri.st m., 3 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $7,000. Pop. 2,049. Elizabeth, t., Lawrence co., O. IthasTsch. 342 scholars. Pop. 1,540. Elizabeth, t., Miami co., O. It has 6 sch. 294 scholars. Pop. 1,381. Elizabeth, p-v., (post-office called Jackson- ville,) Wood CO., Va., 325 w. by n. Richmond, 304 W. Situated on the w. bank of Little Kanawha r., 25 ms. from its mouth. On the e. side of the 8 ms. above tliis place, is a remarkable burii- I spring. Elizabeth, p-v., Harrison co., la., 138 s. In- dianapoli.s, 635 W. It is situated 4 ms. n. of the Ohio river. It has 3 stores, and about 100 inhabit- ants. Elizabeth, p-v., capital, Jackson co.. Ark., 118 N. E. Little Rock, 1,008 W. Situated on the E. side of VVHiite r. a little below the entrance of Big Black r., and at the head of steamboat navi- gation. It has a court house and several dwell- ings. Elizabeth Citv, county, Va. Situated m the E. part of the state, and contains 64 sq. ms. It was one of the 8 original shires, into which Vir- ginia was divided in 1634. It has Hampton roads, at the mouth of James r., on the s., and Chesa- peake bay on the E. The surface is level ; soil, generally fertile. Capital, Hampton. There were in 1810, neat cattle 2,445, sheep 1,268, swine 5,044 ; wheat 18,559 bush, produced, Ind. corn 80,540, oats 13,727, potatoes 11,053, cotton 664 pounds ; 31 stores, cap. $46,200 ; 2 grist m. Cap. m manufac. $23,475. 2 acad. 165 students, 3 sch. 109 scholars. Pop. whites 1,954, slaves 1,708, free col'd 44 ; total, 3,706. Elizabeth Citv, p-v., capital, Pasquotank CO., N. C, 40 s. w. Norfolk, Va., 215 e. by n. Raleigh, 283 W. Situated on Pasquotank r., 20 ms. from its mouth. Vessels requiring 7 feet wa- ter come up to the place. It has a water com- munication with Norfolk, 20 ms. up Pasquotank r., thence 22 ms. by the Dismal Swamp canal, to to Elizabeth r., Va., thence 9 ms., to Norfolk. It exports shingles, staves, and pitch pine lumber to the West Indies, and contains a court house, and about 2,000 inhabitants. Elizabeth Islands, Mass.. consist of 16 small i.slands between Buzzard's bay and Vineyard sound, ranging n. e. and s. w. The principal are Na.shawn, Pasqui, Nashawenna, Piniquese, and Cuttyhunk. Two of them are inhabited. Elizabethport, p-v., Elizabeth t., Essex co., N. J., 47 N. E. Trenton, 12 s. w. New York. It is situated on Staten Island sound, near its junc- tion with Newark bay. It contains a church, several manufactories, and about 100 dwellings. The Elizabethtown and Somerville railroad com- mences here. Steamboats ply several times daily between this place and New York. Elizabeth River, Va., rises in Princess Ann and Norfolk counties, and flows n. w., 25 miles, into a large estuary at the mouth of James river, forming a fine harbor at Norfolk. It forms, with the Dismal Swamp canal, and Pasquotank r., a communication from Chesapeake bay to Albe- marle sound. Elizabethtown, p-t., capital of Essex co., N. Y., 126 N. Albany, 501 W. The surface is moun- tainous, the Clinton range running through it from s. to N. Some of the peaks are elevated from 12 to 1,500 feet above the level of the plains. It is drained by the Boquet r. Iron ore of the best quality abounds here. The v. is on Boquet r., and contains a court house, jail, a slate arsenal, 1 church, 5 stores, 45 dwelling.s, and about 300 inhabitants. There are in the t., 2 stores, cap. $4,0tX); 5 forges, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 14 sawm. Cap. in manufac. $18,500. 1 acad. 20 students, 9 sch. 343 scholars. Pop. 1,061. Elizabethtown, p-b., Essex county N. J., 44 N. E. Trenton, 213 W. Situated on Eliz- abethtown cr., 2i ms. from its entrance into Sta- ten Island sound. The New Jersey railroad, and the Elizabethtown and Somerville railroad, pass through it. It contahis a court house, jail, a bank, an insurance office, 5 churches, of wliich ELK 196 the Presbyterians have 2, the Episcopalians 1, and the Methodists 1, 12 stores, 2 male and 2 fe- male academies', and about f)00 dwellinfrs. Its government resembles that of a city. Vessels of 30 tons come up to the place, and of 3f)0 tons to the port at the mouth of the river. It contains about 2,500 inhabitants. Ei.tzAnETiiTOvvx, p-v., Elizabetli t., Lancaster CO., Pa., 18 ¥.. Harrisburg, 128 W. Situated in the forks of Coney cr., and contains 2 stores, and about 40 dwellings. Incorporated in 1827. Elizabetutown, p-v., Whitewater t., Hamil- ton CO., O., 132 s. w. Columbus, 508 W. It con- tains a church, several stores, and about 200 in- habitants. The Whitewater canal pas.ses through thi.s place. Elizabethtowx, p-v., capital, Marshall co., Va. Situated on Grave creek, at its entrance into the Ohio, 12 ms. below Wheeling. The site of the V. is elevated, and it contains a court house and other county buildings. Here are very ex- tensive ancient tumuli, scattered over a large plain, consisting of one main mound, 106 feet high, and 400 yards in circumference, surrounded by a ditch, and encompassed by other similar and smaller mounds. (See Grave Creek.) Elizabethtow.v, p-v., capital of Hardin co., Ky., 79 s. w. Frankfort, 621 W. Situated on the N. side of Valley cr., a branch of Nolin's cr. It contains a court house and 979 inhabitants. Er^iZABETiiTOWiV, p-v., capital of IJladen co., N. C, 99 .s. Raleigh, 387 W. Situated on the vv. side of Cape Fear r., 40 ms. above Wilmington, 55 below Fayetteville. It contains a court house, and several stores and dwellings. Elizabethtow.n, p-v., capital of Carter co., Tenn., 301 e. Nashville, 414 W. Situated on the Watauga r., a branch of Ilolslon r. It contains a court house, jail, several stores and dwellings. There are extensive manufactories of iron in the vicinity. Ei.izabethtown, p-v., capital of Hardin co., 111., 219 s. s. E. Springfield, 786 W. It contains a court house and 1,050. inhabitants. Er^iZABETHVir.LE, p-o., Dauphin co., Pa., 39 n. Ilarrisburg, 149 W. Elizavh.le, p-o., Columbia co., N. Y., 44 s. Albany, 333 W. Emzaville, p-v., Fleming co., Ky., 5 w. Flemingsburg, 99 e. by n. Franki'ort, 492 W. It contains 1 Methodist church and 200 inhabitants. Elk, r., 3Id., rises in Pennsylvania, and flows by a broad estuary into the n. part of Chesapeake bay. It is navigable 15 miles to Elkton. Ei.K, r., Ala., rises in Tennessee, and flowing into Alabama, enters Tennessee, a little above the Muscle Shoals. Er.K Creek, p-t., Venango co.. Pa., 122 w. n. w. Harrisburg, 2H1 W. The surface is level ; Boil, loam. Drained by Six Mile rim, and by Canoe, Beaver, and Dyer Paint creeks It has 5 stores, cap. §16,100 ; 1 fulling in., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 ])rinling oflice, 1 weekly news- paper, 2 grit^t m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,580. 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 7S5. Elk, t., Warren co., Pa. It has Alleghany r. on its E. and s. border, and Conewango cr. on its w. border. It has excellent land on its streams. It has 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §21,000. 4 sch. 36 scholars. Pop. 3S2. Elk, t., Athens co., O. Situated on the wa- ters of Racoon cr. It contains the v. of Mc.Vr- thurstovNii. It has 6 stores, cap. $3,100; 5 sch. 150 scholars. Pop. 1,261. Elk, t., Monroe co., O. Pop. 535. Elk Fouk, t.. Van liurcn co., Mo. It has 1 6ch 12 scholars. Pop. 360. ELK I Elk Fork, t., Pettis co.. Mo. Pop. 454. Elk Cheek, p-t., Erie co.. Pa., 16 s. w. Eric, 256 N. w. Harrisburg, 329 W. The surface ia hilly; soil, gravelly loam. Drained by Cussa- wago cr., a oranch of Elk cr., and tributary of Conneaut cr., on the last of which salt springs are found. It has 3 stores, cap. $5,300 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $1,600. 14 sch. 450 scholars. Pop. 1,645. Elk Creek, p-o., Grayson co., Va., 277 w by s. Richmond, 346 W. Elk Cross Roads, p-o., Ashe co., N. C, 214 w. N. Raleigh. Elk Furnace, p-o.. Nelson co., Va. Elk Garde.v, p-o., Russell co., Va., 320 w. by s. Richmond, 375 W. Elk Grove, p-o., Iowa co., Wis., 71 s. w Madison, 903 W. Elk Grove, p-o., Cook co., HI., 228 n. e. by N. Springfield, 741 W. • Elkhart, county, la. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 460 sq. ms. Watered by St. Joseph and Elkhart rivers, and their tribu- taries. Tiie land is pleasantly interspersed with woodland and prairies, and watered by numerous springs and streams. Capital, Goshen. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,842, sheep 2,925, sw'ine 8,801 ; wheat 44,504 bushels produced, rye 8,763, Ind. corn 98,862, buckwheat 758, oats 45,877, po- tatoes 23,431, silk cocoons 150 pounds, sugar 7.3,697; 10 stores, cap. $46,500; 2 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 1 brewery, 2 potteries, 3 flouring m., 6 grist m., 12 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufactures $1 1,415. 22 sch. 473 scholars. Pop. 6,660. Elkhart, p-v., Elkhart co., Ia., 154 n. Indian- apolis, 609 W. Elkhart, t., Noble co., Ia. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 2 sch. 16 scholars. Pop. 262. Elkhart, r., Ia., rises in Noble and La Grange COS., and flows into St. Joseph's r., in Elkhart co. Elk Hill, p-o., Amelia co., Va., 32 s. w. Richmond, 149 W. Elkhorn, r., Ky., after a course of 30 miles, enters Kentucky r., on the E. side, in Franklin county. Elkhorn, p-o., Franklin county, Ky., 9 n. e. Frankfort, 551 W. Elkiior.\, t., Warren co.. Mo. Pop. 642. Elkhorn, r., III., rises in Washington co., runs N. w., and enters Kaskaskia r. Elkhorn, po., Ray co., Mo., 149 w. n. w. JefTerson city, 1,054 W. Elkhorn, p-v., capital of Walworth county, Wis., 68 s. E. Madison, 797 W. Elkhorn Grove, p-o., Jo-Daviessco., 111., 179 N. Springfield, 842 W. Elklani), p-t., Tioga co.. Pa., 170 n. Harris- burg, 230 W. Tlie surface is hilly ; soil, gravel, loam, and clay, lieavily timbered. Drained by Cowanesque and Crooked creeks, branches of Tio^a r. It has 7 stores, cap. $2,(K)() ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,125. 5 sch. 149 scholars. Pop. 710. Elk Lick, p-o., Somerset co.. Pa., 145 w. Har- rislmrg, 162 W. It has 4 stores, cap. $13,000; 2 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 10 distilleries, 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,800. 1 sch. 22 scholars. Pop. 1,495. Elk Ridge, p-o., Giles co., Tenn., 65 s. Nash- ville, 719 W. Situated on Robison's Fork of Richland cr. Elk Ridge Landing, p-v., Anne Arundel co., Md., 30 N. N. w. Annapolis, 30 W. Situated on tlie s. side of Paiapsco r., 7 ms. w. s. w. of Raltimore, at the head of tide water. The Washington Branch railroad, and the Baltimore ELL 197 ELL and Ohio railroad, intersect at this place ; the for- mer crossing the r. over a splendid viaduct, 7(X) feet long, and 5S feet above the r., on 8 arches, all of granite from the neighborhood. The v. has a Methodist church, a lyceum, with a library, 2 flouring m., 1 blast furnace, for the manufac- ture of cast-iron pipe, employing 300 hands, a rolling mill and nail fac, and about 1,000 in- habitants. Elk River, t., Newton co., Mo. It has 1 sch. 19 scholars. Pop. 335. Elk Run, t., Columbiana co., O. Situated a few ms. E. New Lisbon. Elkto.v, p-v., capital of Cecil co., Md., 80 n. E. Annapolis, 90 W. .Situated 1 a mile s. of the Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore rail- road, 44 ms. from Philadelphia, and at the junc- tion of the two main branches of Elk r., at the head of tide water. It contains a court house, jail, bank, and Methodist church. Its trade is less extensive than formerly. Elkton, p-v.. Elk Run t., Columbiana co., O., 154 N. E. by E. Columbus, 276 W. It contains 68 mhabitants. Elkton, p-v., Giles co., Tenn., 90 s. Nash- \'ille, 739 W. It is situated on Elk r., 2 miles above its junction with Richland or., and con- tains 150 inhabitants. Elktox, p-v., capital of Todd co., Ky., 187 s. w. Frankfort, 711 W. Situated on the e. side of Elk cr., a branch of Red r. It contains a court house and 474 inhabitants. Elkton, p-v., Polk co., Mo., 114 s. w. Jeffer- son city, 1,050 W. Elkville, p-v., Caldwell co., N. C, 189 w. Raleigh, 396 W. Situated on the n. side of the Yadlvin r. Elle.tay, p-v., capital of Gilmer co., Ga., 176 N. w. Milledgeville, 632 W. Situated at the confluence of the Ellejay and Cottercay rivers ; and contains a court house, jail, 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist church, an academy, and 300 in- habitants. Ellej.vy, p-o., Blount co., Tenn., 194 e. by s. Nashville, 514 W. Ellejay r. (See Coosa r.) Ellenbuiig, p-t., Clinton co., N. Y., 25 n. n. ■w. Plattsburg, 189 n. Albany, 554 W. The sur- face is hilly, but generally arable. Drained by English r., and other streams which flow into Canada, and by the head waters of Chazy r., which flows into Lake Champlain. It has 3 stores, cap. §600 ; 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. f4,545. 4 sch. 99 scholars. Pop. 1,171. Ellensville, p-v., Wawarsing t., Ulster co., N. Y., 86 s. w. Albany, 293 W. Situated on the Delaware and Hudson canal, at the junction of Sand Bar cr. and Good Beerkill cr. It con- tains 2 churches, 6 stores, 1 glass fac, 4 saw m., 1 iron foundry, 1 edge tool fac. There is an old lead mine in the vicinity. Ellerslie, p-v., Susquehanna co., Pa., 134 N. E. by N. Harrisburg, 294 W. Eller-slie. p-v., Harris co., Ga., 108 w. s. w. JVIilledgeville, 741 W. Ellery, p-t., Chautauque co., N. Y., 313 w. by s. Albany, 330 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, a fertile, sandy, and gravelly loam. Chau- tau(iue lake bounds it on the s. w. Watered by small streams which flow into the lake. The V. contains 1 church, 2 stores, and 15 or 20 dwell- ings. There are in the t., 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,450 ; 12 sch. 710 scholars. Pop. 2,242. Ellicott, t.j Chautauque co., N. Y., 18 s. e. Mayville, 330 w. Albany. The surface is un- dulating ; soil, sandy and gravelly loam. Watered by Cassadaga cr. and the outlet of Chautauque lake. It has 14 stores, cap. §33,900 ; 2 furnaces, 2 fulling m , 1 cotton fac, 1 tarmery, 1 pottery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $31,350. 1 acad. 140 students, 12 sch. 521 schol- ars. Pop. 2,571. Ellicott's 3Iills, p-v., Anne Arundel co., Md., 40 N. w. Annapolis, 45 W. Situated on Pa- tapsco r., 10 s. w. by w. Baltimore. Here are a scattered village, various mills and manufac- tories, and much romantic scenery. Ellicottsville, p-t., capital of Cattaraugus CO., N. v., 293 w. by s. Albany, 335 W. The surface is imdulating, except a deep valley along Great Valley cr. The soil is sandy or gravelly loam. Drained by Great Valley cr. and its tribu- taries. The V. is situated (m Great Valley cr., and contains a court house, jail, county clerk's office, 2 churches, 4 stores, 1 saw m., 1 tannery, 80 dwellings, and about 600 inhabitants. Incor- porated in 1837. There are in the t., 4 stores, cap. $20,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,818. 7 sch. 390 scholars. Pop. 1,034. Ellington, p-t., Tolland co., Ct., 20 n. n. e. Hartford, 356 W. The surface on the E. is broken and hilly, but level on the w. The soil is light and dry, and moderately fertile. The v. contains a Congregational church, a high-school, and about 40 dwellings, many of them neat. There are in the t., 3 stores, cap. $14,000 ; 1 tan- nery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,000 ; 1 acad. 28 students, 9 sch. 366 scholars Pop. 1,356. . Ellington, p-t., Chautauque co., N. Y., 25 e. Mayville, 324 w. by s. Albany, 336 W. The surface is undulating; soil, sandy and gravelly loam. Drained by Clear creek. It has 4 stores, cap. $13,300; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,500. 9 sch. 576 scholars. Pop. 1,725. Elliot, p-t., Y ork co., Me., 102 s. s. w. Au- gusta, 498 W. It is bounded s. w. by Salmon Fall r. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. It has 4 tanneries, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,875. 1 acad. 46 students, 7 sch. 522 scholars. Pop. 1,889. Elliottsville, t, Piscataquis co.. Me. It has 1 saw m., 2 sch. 19 scholars. Pop. 60. Elliottsburg, p-o.. Perry co.. Pa., 33 w. Harrisburg, 121 W. Elliottsville, p-o., Somerset co.. Me., 85 n. Augusta, 680 W. Elliottsville, p-o., Knox t., Jefferson co., O., 145 e. by N. Columbus, 279 W. Ellisbuhg, p-t., Jefferson CO., N. Y., 169 .n. w. Albany, 399 W. Bounded w. by Lake Ontario. The surface is level ; soil, sandy loam, and fer- tile. Drained by the n. and s. branches of Sandy creek, which flow into Lake Ontario, affording fine water power, which has been extensively used. The village is situated on Sandy cr., and contains 1 Presbyterian church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 carding machine and fulUng m., 40 dwellings, and 2.50 inhabitants. There are in the t., 9 stores, cap- ital $25,500 ; 3 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 4 tan- neries, 3 distilleries, 2 flouring m., 7 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $53,200 ; 23 sch. 794 scholars. Pop. 5,349. Ellisburg, p-v.. La Grange co., la., 180 n. by E. Indianapolis, 581 W. Ellis Island, N. Y. Situated in the harbor ELM 198 EMB of New York, off the mouth of Hudson r. It belongs to the United States, and contains Fort Gibson. Ellisvillk, p-v., Louisa co., Va., 66 n. w. Richmond, 108 W. Ellisvif.le, p-v., capital of Jones co., Miss., 144 s. E. Jackson, 1,022 W. It is situated on the w. side of Tallahala cr., a brancli of Pascagoula r It con tains a court house and several dwellings. Elllsvill?;, p-v., Fulton co., 111., 75 n. w. Springfield, 8^7 W. Ellisville, p-v., Monroe co., la., 51 s. s. w. Indianapolis, 623 W. Ellsworth, p-t., capital of Hancock co.. Me., 89 E. by N. Augusta, 671 W. Watered by Union r. It has a fertile soil, adapted to grain and to grazing. It has Orphan lake toward the s. w., and a larger between it and Otis on the n. The V. is situated on both sides of Union r., where is a bridge, at the head of tide-water, and is acces- sible by large vessels. It contains a court liouse and other county buildings. There are in the t., 15 stores, cap. $4,300; 5 grist m., 19 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,000. 1 acad. 12 students. 19 sch. 670 scholars. Pop. 2,263. Ellsworth, t., Grafton co., N. H., 52 n. by ■\v. Concord, 20 s. e. Haverhill. The surface is mountainous, and the soil indifTerent. Watered by a branch of Pemigewasset r., issuing from a considerable pond. Chartered in 1769. It has 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,755. 3 sch. 101 scholars. Pop. 300. Ellsworth, p-v., Sharon t, Litchfield co., Ct., 47 w. Hartford, 330 W. It contains a Con- gregational church and several dwellings. Ellsworth, p-t., Trumbull co., O., 160 n. e. Columbus, 299 W. It has a fertile soil, well adapted to grazing, and is noted for its fine cattle and excellent cheese. It contains i churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Congregational, 1 German Lu- theran, and 1 Methodist It has 9 sch. 370 schol- ars. Pop. 983. Ell,sworth, p-v., capital of Wright co.. Mo. Situated on w. side of liig Piney Fork of Gas- conade r. Elm Grove, p-o., Jennings co., la., 71 s. s. e. Indianapolis, 575 W. Elm Grove, p-o., De Soto co., Miss., 214 n. Jackson, 937 W. Elm Grove, p-o., Clay co.. Mo., 12 n. n. w. Liberty, 171 w. n. w. Jefferson city, 1,084 W. El.m Hill, p-o., Rutherford Co., Tenn., 71 s. E. Nashville, 673 W. Elmira, p-t., capital of Chemung co., N. Y., 195 w. s. w. Albany, 279 W. The surface is uneven, and the soil in the valleys and flats very productive. Newton's cr. bounds it on the s. w. The v., formerly called Newtown, is situated on the N. side of Chemtmg r., at the entrance of Newton's cr., where is extensive water power. It contains a court house, jail, county clerk's of- fice, an academy, 4 churches, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist, 40 stores, 3 warehouses, 3 flouring m., 3 steam furnaces, 3 plaster m., 1 tannery, and 1 boat yard. The Chemung canal terminates here, where are 2 extensive basins. 10,000,000 feet of boards and planks are exported annually. A bridge, 700 feet long, crosses the Chemung r. The line of the New York and Erie railroad passes tlirough the place. There are in the t., 44 stores, cap. $106,510; 3 lumberyards, cap. $27,500 ; I ful- ling m., 2 furnaces, 3 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 2 printing offices, 2 binderies, 2 weekly new.spa- pers, 6 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $128,315. 1 acad. 130 students, 19 sch. 1,152 scholars. Pop. 4,791. Ei-MfRA, p-o., Lucas CO., O., 137 n. w. Colum- bus, 468 W. Elmira, p-o., Stark co.. 111., 113 n. Springfield, 827 W. El.more, p-t., Lamoille co., Vt, 20 .\. Montpe- lier, 536 W. Chartered in 1781. The surface is uneven and elevated, part of its waters flowing N. into Lamoille r., and part s. into Onion r. The soil is moderately fertile. It has several considerable ponds, and contains iron ore. It has 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,300. 7 sch. 144 scholars. Pop. 476. Elmore, p-o., Talbot co.,Ga., 104 w. s. w. Mil- led^eville, 726 W. Elm Point, p-o., Bond co., Dl., 65 s. Spring- field, 767 W. Elsinborough, t., Salem co., N. J., 3 n. e. Salem. The surface is level ; soil, a fertile loam and mansh meadow. Drained by Alloways and Salem creeks. It has 2 sch. 85 scholars. Pop. 526. Elton, p-o., Edgefield dist., S. C, 64 w. Co- lumbia, 550 W. Elyria, p-t., capital of Lorain co., O., 1 16 n. n. E. Columbus, 374 W. The v. is pleasantly situ- ■ ated on a plain between the two branches of Black r., wnieh unite half a mile below the v., and each of which has a perpendicular fall near- ly 40 feet, on the opposite sides of the v., afford- ing extensive water power. The principal street extends from one branch of the r. to the other, and tlie buildings exhibit much neatness and taste. It contains an elegant court house, which cost $3,000, 2 churches, 1 acad., 10 stores, 1 large flouring m., 4 saw m., 1 carding mach. and cloth- ier's works, 1 forge, 2 furnaces, about 100 dwell- ings, and 800 inhabitants. It is one of the pleas- antest villages in Ohio. There are in the t. 2 acad. 135 students, 6 sch. 233 scholars. Pop. 1,636. Elysburg, p-v., Northumberland co., Pa., 79 N. Harrisburg, 189 W. Elysville, p-o., Anne Arundel co., Md. Elyto.v, p-v., capital, Jefferson co., Ala., 54 N E. Tuscaloosa, 764 VV. Situated at the head of Catoochee or Valley cr. It contains a court house, and a few dwellings. Emaus, p-v., Salisbury t., Lehigh co.. Pa., 87 E. by N. Harrisburg, 180 W. It is a Moravian v., situated at the foot of South Mountain, is built on one street, and contains 1 store, and 20 or 25 houses. The land of the v. and vicinity, was bequeathed by 2 members, for the support of a clergyman and the promotion of missions. E.MAN iiEL, county, Ga. Situated centrally toward the e. part of the state, and contains 1,100 sq. ms. The surface is level; soil, sandy and sterile. Ogeechee r. runs on its n. border. Watered by Cannouchee and Ohoopee rivers and their branches. Capital, Swainsboro. There were in 1840, neat cattle 16,324, sheep 1,171, swine 8,632 ; wiieat 3,087 bush, protiuccd, Ind. corn 37,129, potatoes 2,772, cotton 72,880 pounds, sugar 2,200 ; 4 stores, cap. $2,700 ; 2 distilleries, 9 grist in., 3 saw m. Pop. whites 2,500, slaves 605, free col'd 24; total, 3,129. Emharras Point, p-o., Edgar co., DL, 101 E. Springfield, 675 W. Embden, p-t., Somerset co.. Me., 49 n. n. w. Augusta, 644 W. Situated on the w. .side of Kennebec r. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain and to grazing. Incorporated in 1804. Watered by Seven Mile brook, a tributary of the Kenne- bec. It has 18 sch. 462 scholars. Pop. 983. Embden Centre, p-o., Embden t., Somerset CO., Mc. 44 N. N. w. Augusta, 644 W. E.mbreeville, p-o., Cliester co., Pa., 76 e. by s. Harrisburg, 121 W. ENF 199 EPP Emercie's Mills, p-o., York co., Me., 59 s. w. Augusta, 518 W. Emerson's Tan Yard, p-o., Chatham co., N. C, 50 w. Raleigh, 333 W. Emery Iron Works, p-o., Roane co., Tenn., 150 E. by s. Nashville. Emery, river, Tennessee, a branch of Clinch river. E.minexce, p-o., Tazewell co.. 111., 67 n. Spring- field, 763 W. , Situated near Sugar cr. Em.mettsburg, p-v., Frederick co., Md., 80 n. w. Annapolis, 65 W. It contains 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Dutch Reformed, 1 Methodist, and I Roman Catholic — an academy, 4 stores, 1 10 dwellings, and 800 inhabitants. '2 ms. distant from the v., is Mount St. Mary's College, under the direction of the Roman Catholics. It was founded in 1830, has a pre^ident, and 17 profes- sors and instructors, 31 students, and 3,500 vols, in its libraries. The commencement is in the last week in June. St. Joseph's Female Insti- tute, half a mile from the v., is conducted by the sisters of charity, and is flourishing. Emoreyville, p-v., Barbour co., Ala., 201 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 847 W. Emmett, t., Calhoun co., Mich. It has 1 flouring m., 2 saw m. Cap. in raanufac. $10,630. 4 sch. 140 scholars. Pop. 647. Endor, p-o., Will CO., 111., 195 n. e. Spring- field, 712 W. Enfield, p-t., Penobscot co., Me., 104 n. e. Augusta, 699 W. Situated on the e. side of Penobscot r. Incorporated in 1835. It has a large pond on its e. border. It contains 4 sch. 169 scholars. Pop. 316. Enfield, p-t., Grafton co., N. H., 42 n. w. Concord, 492 W. The surface is diver.sified, and the soil, in some parts, is fertile. It has several ponds, the outlets of which afford water power. It contains a considerable Shakers' settlement, with 1,000 acres of land attached to it, distin- guished for neatness, industry, and mechanical ingenuity. There are in the t., 6 stores, cap. $16,91)0 ; 3 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $28,350. 16 sch. 567 scholars. Pop. 1,514. Enfield, p-t., Hampshire co., Mass., 75 w. by s. Boston, 387 W. The soil is adapted to gra- zing. Watered by 2 main brandies of Swil't r., a tributary of Chickapee r., which afford water power. Incorporated in 1814. It has consider- able manufactures. It has 4 stores, cap. $14,000 ; 1 woollen fac., 2 cotton fac. 400 sp., 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $44,100. 7 sch. 285 scholars. Pop. 976. Enfield, p-t., Hartford co., Ct., 18 n. by e. Hartford, 353 W. Situated on the e. side of Connecticut r., on the n. line of the state. The surface is level ; soil, sandy loam, and generally fertile. A bridge, erected in 1808 across Con- necticut r., the first built across it in the state, connects this place with SufTield. The v. of Thonipsonville, 1 m. from the bridge, has an ex- tensive carpet fac, and over 800 inhabitants. There is a Shakers' settlement in this t., who have 1,000 acres of land under high cultivation. It has 8 stores, cap. $15,000; 1 woollen fac, 3 tannerie.s, 2 distilleries, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $260,200. Pop. 2,648. Enfield, p-t., Tompkins co., N. Y., 5 w. Ithaca, 168 w. by s. Albany, 301 W. The surface is Undulating ; .soil, fertile gravelly loam. Drained by small tributaries of Cayuga inlet, which af- ford water power. The v. contains about 20 dwellings. There are m the t., 10 stores, cap. $100,200 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $1,125 ; 4 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in mamifac. $60,810. 17 schools, 861 scholars. Pop. 2,310. Enfield, p-v., Halifax co., N. C, 76 n. e. Ra- leigh, 222 W. Situated on the Wilmington and Raleigh railroad, and contains several stores and dwellings. Enfield, p-v.. King William co., Va., 24 n. E. Richmond, 138 W. It contains 2 stores, and various mechanic shops. English Neighborhood, p-v. Hackensack t., Bergen co., N. J., 8 n. New York, 67 N. e. Trenton, 233 W. It contains 1 Dutch Reformed, and 1 Christian church, 2 stores, and 20 dwell ings. English Prairie, p-v., Grant co.. Wis., 87 w. Madison, 919 W. Englishtown, p-v.. Freehold t., Monmouth CO., N. J., 31 E. Trenton, 197 W. Situated on Matchaponix cr., and contains 2 stores, a grist m., and about 30 dwellings. The soil around is liglit and sandy. Ennisville, p-v., Barre t., Huntingdon co., Pa., 80 w. Harrisburg, 172 W. Situated on Standingstone cr., and contains a store, and 5 or 6 dwellings. Ennoree, r., S. C, a branch of Broad r. Enoch, p-t., Monroe co., O., 105 e. Columbus, 300 W. Pop. 1,134. Enoch Mills, p-o.. Orange co., N. C, 45 n. w. Raleigh, 279 W. Enon, p-o., Clark co., O., 50 w. Columbus, 443 W. Enon Valley, p-o., Beaver co., Pa., 243 w by n. Harrisburg, 269 W. Enosburg, p-t., Franklin co., Vt., 56 n. by w Montpelier, 558 W. The surface is various, and the soil well adapted to grazing. Chartered in 1780. It has a Congregational, a Methodist, and a Baptist church. Watered by Missisque r. and its branches, which afford good water power. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 3 fulling m., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,760 ; 1 acad. 50 students, 11 sch. 246 scholars. Pop. 2,022. Enosburg Falls, p-v., Enosburg t., Franklin CO., Vt., 59 N. by w. Montpelier, 555 W. Enterprise, p-o., Lancaster co.. Pa., 45 e. s. e. Harrisburg, 120 W. Enterprise, p-o., Steuben co., la., 177 n. n. e. Indianapolis, 538 W. Enterprise, p-o.. Union parish. La., 318 n. w. New Orieans, 1,208 W. Ephratah, p-t., Fulton co., N. Y., 53 w. n. w. Albany, 402 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, sandy loam. Drained by Garoga and Zimmer- man's creeks, branches of the Slohawk r. The V. contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 tannery, 35 dvvelfings, and 200 inhabitants. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $15,000; 3 full- ing m., 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 3 grist m., 26 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $39,380. 8 sch. 587 scholars. Pop. $2,009. Ephratah, p-t., Lancaster co., Pa., 33 E. by s. Harrisburg, 127 W. The v. contains a store, paper m., and about 20 dwellings. It was founded by a shigular sect from Gennany, called Tunkers, or Dunkers. Most of the original peculiarities of the sect have disappeared ; but they are still remarkable for the regularity of their lives, the simplicity of their manners, and the fervor of their devotion. Contention at law, or with arms, they regard as unchristian. It has 4 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 5 flouring m., 3 grist m., 4 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. .$11,350. 5 sch. 213 scholars. Pop. 2,083. Eppino, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H , 30 e. .s. e. Concord, 477 W. The soil is generally fertile ERI 200 ERI Watered by I.-nmprey r. and Nortli r. It. has 8 stores, cap. $'20,000; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 6 saw m., 7 scii. 380 scholars. Pop. 1,233. ErsoM, p-t., Merriinac co., N. II., 12 e. Cdti- cord, 4S2 W. Tlie surface is uneven ; soil, fer- tile, adapted to grain or to grazing. Watered by Suncook r. Chartered in 1727. It has 5 stores, cap. $4,350 ; 2 gri.^t ra., 5 saw m., 8 sch. 401 scholars. Pop. 1,205. Equality, p-v., Mecklenburg co., N. C, 166 W. s. w. Raleigh, 403 W. Eau.M.iTY, p-o., Anderson dist., S. C, 127 w. N. w. Columbia, 522 W. EaUALiTY, p-v., capital of Gallalin co., 111., 187 S. s. E. Springfield, 776 W. Situated on the N. side of Saline or. It contains a neat brick court house, 40 feet square, 2 stories high, 13 stores of different kinds, various mechanics, and about 80 dwellings. It has salt manufactories in the vicinity. EauAHTY, t.. Miller co., Mo. It has 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 424. Era.smits, p.o., Lincoln co., N. C, 184 w. by S. Raleigh, 423 W. Erie, lake. Situated n. of N. Y., Pa., and O., and constitutes a part of the boundary between the United States and Canada. It is 240 miles long, and 60 broad, in its widest part. It receives the waters of Superior, Michigan, and Huron lakes, through Detroit r., and discharges its waters through Niagara r. into L-ike Ontario. Its surface is elevated 565 feet above tide water in the Hud- son r. at Albany. The greatest depth which has been obtained by sounding is 270 feet. Toward the shores it is shallow, and its navigation is, for a considerable time in the winter, prevented by its being frozen. The business done on this lake is immense, and increasing. More than 50 steam- boats, and about 300 sloops, schooners, and ships navigate it, and find abundant employment. A battle was fought near its w. end Sept. lOlh, 1813, between the American fleet, under Com- modore Perry, and the English fleet, in wliich the latter was captured. Erie, county, N. Y. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 876 sq. ms. The sur- face is level or undulating toward the n., and hilly toward tiie .s. Lake Erie and Niagara river bound it on the w. Cattaraugus cr. runs on its s. boundary. Drained by Buffalo, Cayuga, Caze- nove, Seneca, EUicott's, Cauqiiaga, and Tone- wanda creeks. The Erie canal passes through the CO., and communicates with Lake Erie by means of an extensive basin, formed by the pier at Black Rock. A railroad extends from Bufi'alo to Niagara Falls. Capital, Buffalo. There were in 1840, neat cattle o'.»,734, sheep 81,442, swine 37,20.S; wheal 21 )7,4'.)2 bush, produced, rye 5,53- sale and retail stores, 6 forwarding and commis- sion warehouses, 2 flouring m., 2 iron foundries, and 3,412 inhabitants. Perry's fleet, in the last war, was fitled up in this harbor, tlien well de- fended by a fort, and the remains of it are now found here. Visiters are weekly cutting pieces from the Lawrence, Perry's flag ship, which lies here, partly out of water, and much decayetL There are in the b. 45 stores, cap. $211,600; 4 commission houses, cap. $6,000; 2 lumber yards, cap. $1,200; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 3 printing oflices, 1 bindery, 4 weekly newspapers, 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $31,200. 3 acad. 102 students, 8 sch. 452 scholars. Pop. 3,412. Erie, p-v., Greene co., Ala., 48 s. by w. Tus- caloosa, 865 W. Situated on the E. side of Black Warrior or Tuscaloosa r. It contains several stores and dwellings. Erie, t., Ottawa co., O., 16 iN. Lower Sandusky. Situated on the n. side of Portage r., near its en- trance into Lake Erie. Originally settled by the French from Canada, whose descendants are still found here. Organized in 1803. Pop. 200. Erie, p-t., Monroe co., Mich., 47 s. w. Detroit, 476 W. The soil is fertile, and well adapted to grain and to grazing. Watered by Vance r. and Bay cr. It contains a good stone quarry. It lias 3 sch. 83 scholars. Pop. 832. Erievii.i.k, {>-v.. Nelson t., Madison co., N. v., 110 w. by .N. Albany, 337 W. It contains 1 church, 1 store, 40 dwellings, and about 250 in- habitants. KiuN, p-t., Chemung co., N. Y., 8 e. Elraira, 195 w. by s. Albany, 291 W. The surface ia hilly and broken; soil, gravelly loam, and not very fertile. Drained by Cayuta cr. It has 7 sch. 233 scholars. Pop. 1,441. ESS 201 ESS Erin, p-o., iVleriwelher co., Ga., 88 w. Mil- leiigeville, 708 W. Errol. pt., Coos CO., N. H., 155 n. by e. Con- coi-d, 616 W. Umbngog lake lies partly in this t., and bounds it on tlie w. Watered by Andros- coggin r., which flows from this lake, and Mogal- loway r., its tributary. Chartered in 1774. It has 1 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 104. Erving, p-t., Franklin co., Mass., 79 w. by n. Boston, 412 W. Miller's r. runs on its .s. border, and Connecticut r. on its w. Its streams afford good water power. Incorporated in 183S. It has considerable manufactures. It has 4 sch. 80 scholars. Pop. 309. Erwin, p t., Steuben co., N. Y., 217 w. by s. Albany, 282 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay loam. Drained by Conhocton and Tioga rivers, which here unite to form Chemung r. It has 2 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in manufac, $10,005. 6 sch. 227 scholars. Pop. 785. Erwin Centre, p-o., Erwin t. Steuben co., N. Y., 225 w. by s. Albany, 274 W. Erwinna, p-v., Bucks co., Pa., 123 e. Harris- burg, 187 W. Situated on Delaware r., 37 n. Philadelphia. Erwinsville, p-v., Cleveland co., N. C, 201 w. by s. Raleigh, 438 W. Erwinton, p-o., Barnwell dist., S. C, 137 s. Columbia, 633 W. Escambia, r., Flor. and Ala., rises in Monroe CO., Ala., and receives Conecuh r., larger than itself, and flows into a branch of Pensacola bay. Escambia, county, Flor. Situated in its ex- treme w. part, bounded s. by the Gulf of Mexico, and contains 600 sq. ms. The surface near the giUf shore is level, but rises to some elevation in the interior. The soil is generally poor, covered with pine. Perdido r. flows on its w. boundary, and Escambia r. on the E. Pensacola bay fur- nishes an important harbor. Capital, Pensacola. There were in 1840, neat cattle, 10,173, sheep 485, swine 2,674 ; Ind. corn 7,637 bush, produced, potatoes 6,551 ; 48 stores, cap. $221,800 ; 5 lum- ber yards, cap. $29,500 ; 10 grist m., 27 saw m., 1 printing ofllce, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $284,140. 2 acad. 100 students, 13 sch. 213 scholars. Pop. whites 2,330, slaves 1,356, free col'd 307 ; total, 3,993. Esmond's Corners, p-o., Calhoun co., Mich., 125 w. Detroit, 53S W. Esopus, p-t., Ulster co., N. Y., 7 s. Kingston, 66 s. by w, Albany, 307 W. The surface is un- even and broken; soil, sandy clay and gravelly loam. Watered by Hudson r., on its e. border, and by Walkill and Rondout rivers on the w. border. The v., 2 miles w. of the landing on Hudson's r., contains 1 church, 1 store, and 20 dwellings. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $15,000; 1 cotton fac. 2,136 sp., 1 flouring m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $36,019. 7 sch. 418 scholars. Pop. 1,939. Esferanck, p-v., Schoharie t., Schoharie co., N. v., 29 w. Albany, 396 W. Incorporated in 1818. It contains 1 Presbyterian church, 4 stores, 1 paper m., 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 clothier's works, 75 dwellings, and about 450 inhabitants. Espy, p-v., Columbia co.. Pa., 87 n. by e. Harrisburg, 197 W. Situated on the w. bank of Susquehanna r., and contains 2 stores and about 20 dwellings. EspvviLLE, p-v., Crawford co., Pa., 255 n. w. by w. Harrisburg, 313 W. Essex, county, Vt. Situated in the n. e. cor- ner of the state, and contains 225 sq. ms. The surface is rough, and the soil generally poor, ex- cepting on Connecticut r., which bounds it on the 26 e. Watered by Nulhegan and Moose rivers and their branches, and Paul's stream. In the N. are the head waters of the St. Francis r., which flows n. into the St. Lawrence. In the w., Clyde r. flows into Lake Memphremagog. Capital, Guild- hall. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,837, sheep 14,188, swine 3,639 ; wheat 11,161 bushels produced, rye 1,537, Ind. corn 6,709, buckwheat 15,070, barley 2,223, oats 46,485, potatoes 235,180, hops 5,959 potinds, sugar 99,385 ; 7 stores, cap. $12,500 ; 2 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 24 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $10,400. 2 acad. 101 students, 49 sch. 1,345 scholars. Pop. 4,226. Essex, county, Mass. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 360 sq. ms. It is bounded e. by the Atlantic, and n. by N. Hamp- shire. Organized in 1613. The surface is une- ven and rough, but the soil is in many parts good. It has an extensive sea coast, good harbors, ex- tensive commerce, and great wealth. Watered by Merrimac and Shawsheen rivers. Capitals, Salem, Newburyport, and Ipswich. There were in 1840, neat cattle 20,271, sheep 6,900, swine 12,047 ; wheat 3,2S1 bush, produced, rye 19,309, Ind. corn 166,861, buckwheat 3,268, barley 28,044, oats 61,882, potatoes 437,790 ; 70 houses in for. trade, cap. $908,500 ; 495 stores, cap. $1,298,455 ; 20 lumber yards, cap. $110,800 ; invested in fish- eries, $1,116,795 ; 1 furnace, 33 fulling m., 15 woollen fac, 9 cotton fac. 25,452 sp., 77 tanneries, 6 distilleries, 5 potteries, 2 flouring m., 51 grist m., 39 saw m., 2 paper fac, 13 printing offices, 7 bind- eries, 1 daily, 11 weekly, 4 semi- weekly new-s- papers. Cap. in manufac. $5,673,700. 1 college, 125 students, 44 acad. 2,109 students, 368 sch. 19,269 scholars. Pop. 94,987. Essex, county, N. Y. Situated toward the N. E. part of the state, and contains 1,779 sq. miles. The surface is hilly on tiic e., and rises to lofty mountains on the w. Lake Champlain lies on its E. border, along which is some good land. It is a vast depository of iron ore, and other mineral treasures. Vast quantities of magnetic iron ore exist. Mount Marcy, in this county, is 5,467 feet atjove the level of the ocean. Capital, Elizabeth- town. There were in 1840, neat cattle 22,017 sheep 79,835, swine 14,658 ; wheat 60,444 bush, produced, rye 29,121, Ind. corn 78,662, buckwheat 25,610, barley 3, 158, oats 170,396, potatoes 470,235, sugar 113,357 pounds; 76 stores, cap. $221,800; 7 furnaces, 48 bloomeries, forges, &c., employing a cap. of $199,300 ; 19 fulling m., 7 woollen fac, 14 tanneries, 5 flouring m., 25 grist m., 266 saw m., 2 printing ofllces, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $592,320. 7 acad. 395 students, 141 sch. 5,636 scholars. Pop. 23,634. Essex, county, N. J. Situated toward the n. E. part of the state, and contains 241 sq. miles. Two mountain chains pass through it. Drained by Passaic r. and its branches, and Rahway r., and some others. The soil is generally red shale. It has good water power, and extensive manufac- tures. Capital, Newark. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,522, sheep 5,465, swine 8,475 ; wheat 34,692 bush, produced, rye 34,244, Indian corn 225,314, buckwheat 39,588, barley 745, oats 181,261, pijtatoes 178,193 ; 2 commercial and 2 commission houses in for. trade, capital $15,000; 203 stores, cap. $524,650 ; 10 lumber yards, cap. $56,000 ; cap. invested in the fisheries, $60,000 ; 6 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 1,166 sp., 4 dyeing and printing estab., 10 tanneries, 3 rope foe, 3 distilleries, 2 breweries, 1 glass-cutting es- tablishment, 6 potteries, 21 flouring m., 20 grist m., 25 saw m., 1 oil m., 18 paper fac, 7 printing offices, 4 binderies, 3 periodicals, 1 daily, 4 week- EST 202 EVA ly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $3,17U,50'^. 16 acad. 6S0 students, 112 sch. 4,655 scholars. Pop. 44,6-21. EssE.v, county, Va. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 2SU sq. ms. Rappahan- nock r. runs on its n. e. border, by the small trib- utaries of which it is watered. Tlie surface is moderately uneven ; soil, sandy ami barren, ex- cept on the streams. Capital, Tappahannock. There were in 1810, neat cattle 7,214, sheep 6,61'.), swine 12,981 ; wheat 71,083 bush, produced, rye 204, Ind. corn 418,720, oats40,17.i, potatoes 15,125, tobacco 3,891 pounds, cotton 14,530; 20 stores, cap. $139,800 ; 2 tanneries, 15 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $53,43J. 3 acad. 71 students, 12 sch. 203 scholars. Pop. whites 3,955, slaves 6,756, free col'd 593; total, 11,309. EssE.x, p-t., Chittenden co., Vr., 48 n. w.Mont- pelier, 523 W. Onion r. runs on its s. border, and by its flills furnishes good water power. Wa- tered by Brown's river, and Stevens' and other brooks, which afford some water power. In the s. and w. part, the soil is sandy and covered with pine. In other parts is a sandy and clay loam, with hard wood, and is fertile. On Onion r. is some excellent interval. The v. at the centre contains 1 Congregational and 1 Baptist church, a saw m., and 12 or 15 dwellings. There are in the t., 1 fuUing m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 paper fac, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $25,6U0. 10 sch. 344 scholars. Pop. 1,821. EssE.Y, pt., Essex CO., Mass., 32 N. E. Boston, 472 VV. Organized in 1819 from Ipswich. The soil is well cultivated, and hay and fruits are ex- ported. Many vessels are built. Many of the mhabitants are engaged in the fisheries. The v. at the centre has 2 churches, and about 50 dwell- ings. There are in the t., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,000. 7 sch. 473 scholars. Pop. 1,450. EssE.x, p-v., Saybrook t., Middlesex co., Ct., 37 s. by E. Hartford, 331 W. Situated on Connec- ticut r., 7 ms. from its moutii, and contains 3 churches — 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Method- ist — an academy, 10 stores, an e.aensive rope walk, and about 1,000 inhabitants. Ship building is extensively carried on. It has considerable navigation and trade. Essex, p-t., E.ssex co., N. Y., 133 n. Alt,(iny, 509 W. The soil is fertile on the e., and steiile w. Watered by Boquet r., (lowing into I-ake Champlain. The v. is situated on the w. side of Lake Champlain, and has a good steamboat land- ing, and 2 wharves. It contains 3 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — 6 stores, 2 extensive storehouses, 1 tannery, 1 ship yard for lake craft, and about 100 dwellings. A horse ferryboat crosses, 2? miles, to Vermont. There are in the t., 9 stores, cap. $23,700 ; 1 forge, 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 flouruig m., 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $50,800. 2 acad. 65 students, 11 sch. 457 scholars. Pop. 1,631. EssKX, p-o., Porter co., la. EsT.A.NAULA, p-o., Haywood CO., Tenn., 154 w. by s. Nashville, 839 W. EsTir.i,, county, Ky. Situated centrally to- ward the E. part of the state, and contains 861 sq. ms. Watered by Kentucky r. and its branch- es. Capital, Irvine. There were in 1840, neat cattle .5,118, sheep 5,902, swine 12,910; wheat 6,815 bush, produced, rye 1,83H, Ind. corn 296,697, oats 32,610, potatoes 8,195, tobacco 23,876 pounds, cotton 3,173, sugar 39,573, bituminous coal 98,525 bush. ; 4 stores, cap. $3,700 ; 1 furnace, 6 forges, 5 tanneries, 23 distilleries, 27 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,810. I'op. whites 4,960, slaves 558, free col'd 17) total 5,535. | P^STiLT.vii.LE, p-v., capital, Scott co., Va., 344 w. by s. Richmond, 412 VV. Situated on Mo- cassin cr., a branch of Clinch r. It contains a court house, jail, and several stores and dwell- ings. Etowah, r., Ga., one of the two constituent branches, which unite in Floyd co., to form the Coosa r. Etowah Valley, po., Cass co., Ga., 144 n. w. Milledgeville, 653 W. Etna, p-t., Penobscot co., Mc., 61 n. n. e. Au- gusta, 656 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to wheat. Watered by a branch of Sebasticook r. It lias 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $400. 6 sch. 321 scholars. Pop. 745. Etna, p-v., Dryden t., Tompkins co., N. Y., 169 w. Albany, 302 W. Situated on Fall creek, and contains 2 churches, 1 store, 1 (louring m., 1 saw m., 2 distilleries, 1 cloth dressing esublish- ment, 30 dwellings and about 200 inhabitants. Etna, p-o., Hanover co., Va. Etna, p-o., Lapeer co., Mich. Etna, p-v., Greene co., Ky., 99 s. s. w. Frank- fort. Etna, p-v., Lima t.. Licking co., O., 17 e. Co- lumbus, 376 W. Situated on the national road, and contains 1 church, 3 stores, 40 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Etna, t., Licking co., O. Pop. 857. EtTBANKs, p o., Columbia co., Ga., 117 e. n. e. Milledgeville, 585 W. Euclid, p-o., Clay t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 144 w. by N. Albany, 362 W. Euclid, p-t., Cuyahoga co., O., 155 n. e. by n. Columbus, 367 W. Situated on Lake Erie. It has 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,100. 12 sch. 746 schol- ars. Pop. 1,775. EuLALiA, p-t.. Potter co.. Pa., 187 n. n. w. Har- risburg, 279 W. Drained by the E. branch of the Sinnemahoning r. and its tributaries. The sur- face is hilly ; soil, vegetable mold and gravelly loam. It is but little cultivated. It has 4 stores, cap. $7,200 ; 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 1 week- ly newspaper, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $9,800. 3 schools, 80 scholars. Pop. 368. Eugene, p-v., Vermillion co., la., 85 w. In- dianapolis, 657 W. It is situated on the s. side of Big Vermillion r., H ms. from the Wabash r. It contains 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., and a carding machine, propelled by water power, and a large grist and saw m., by steam, 1 brewery, 1 tannery, and 400 inhabitants. Big Vermillion is navigable for steamboats to this place. There are in the t., 4 stores, cap. $12,500; 1 (louring m., 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,200. 3 sch. 105 scholars. Pop. 1,048. EuTAW, p-o., Dc Soto CO., Miss., 215 n. Jack- son, 928 W. EuTAW, p-v., capital of Greene co., Ala. Situ- ated 3 ras. w. of Black Warrior r., and contains a court house, and a few dwellings. EuTAw Springs, S. ('., a small branch of Santee r. On the borders of this stream was fought the battle of Eutaw Springs, Sept. 8, 1781, in the American revolution, between General Greene, American, with a loss of 555 ; and Gen. Stewart, British, whh a loss of 1,000. Evans, p-t., Erie co., N. Y., 311 w. Albany, 368 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly loam and clay, adapted to grain and to grass. Drained by Little and Big Sisters creeks, flowing into Lake Erie, which bounds it on the w. It has 3 stores, cap. $1,800; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $19,500. 16 sch. 503 scholars. Pop. 1,807. FAB 203 FAB EvANSBUiiG, p-v., Cmvvibrd co., Pa., 242 n. w. by w. Harrisburg, 312 W. EvA.vs' Mills, p-v., Le Ray t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 165 N. w. Albany, 4'23 W. Situated on Pleasant cr., a branch ol' Indian r. It contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, 1 Method- ist — an academy, 5 stores, 1 grist m., 1 s;\w m. 1 machine shop, I tannery, 1 carding and fulling m., 50 dwellings, and about 350 inhabitants. EvANspoRT, p-v., Williams co., O., 165 n. w. Columbus, 517 W. EvAN.sviLLE, p-v., Preston co., Va., 266 n. w. Richmond, 190 VV. Situated between Cheat and Valley rivers. , EvA.NSviLLE, p-v., capital, Vanderburgco., la., 172 .s. w. by s. Indianapolis. It is situated on the N. bank of the Oliio r., at the great north bend, below the entrance of Green r., and contains a brick court house, jail, a bank, 8 churches — I Baptist, 1 Dutch Reformed, 1 Episcopal, 1 Lu- theran, 1 Methodist, 2 Presbyterian, 1 Roman Catholic — an academy, 6 schools, a steam flour- ing m., 1 foundry, 45 stores, 500 dwellings, and 2,500 inhabitants. EvANsviLLE, p-o., Washington co.. Ark., 189 N. w. Little Rock, 1,215 W. EvERETTSViLLE, p-v., Albemarle co., Va., 7S w. N. w. Richmond, 119 W. It contains 1 store and 2 mechanic shops. EvERGREE.v, p-0., Anderson dist., S. C, 133 w. N. w. Columbia, 559 W. Evergreen, p-o., Conecuh co., Ala., 172 s. by E. Tuscaloosa, 914 W. Evergreen, p-o., McDonough co.. III. EvERTON, p-v., Fayette co., la., 65 e. by s. Indianapolis, 522 W. EvESiiAM, p-t., Burlington co., N. J., 34 s. Tren- ton, 150 W. The surface is level ; soil, sand and sandy loam, pretty well cultivated, and produc- tive. Drained by Rancocus and Haines' creeks on its borders, and by the head waters of Little Egg Harbor r. It has several villages. There are in the t. 19 stores, cap. $43,6.iO ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $7,000 ; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 3 dis- tilleries, 6 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $97,600. 21 sch. 1,167 scholars. Pop. 5,060. Eve's Mills, po., Monroe co., Tenn., 170 e. s. E. Nashville, 538 W. EwiNG, t., Franklin co., Mass. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tan- nery, 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,200. 4 sch. 80 scholars. Pop. 3J9. EwiNG, t.. Mercer co., N. J. It has 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,500. 3 sch. 77 schol- ars. Pop. 1,017. EwiNGSviLLE, p-v., Coopcr CO., Mo., 70 W. N. w. Jefferson city, 984 W. EwiNGTON, p-v., and capital of Effingham CO., 111., 85 s. E. Springfield, 714 W. Situated on the national road, on the w. bank of Little Wabash r. It has an elevated and pleasant situ- ation, and contains a court house and a few dwellings. Exchange, p-o., Warren co., N. C, 57 n. n. E. Raleigh, 237 W. Exeter, p-t., Penobscot co.. Me., 79 n. n. e. Augusta, 674 W. The soil is fertile, producing excellent wheat. Watered by branches of Ken- duskeag r., wliich afford water power. Incorpo- rated in 1811. It has 1 tannery. Cap. in manu- fac. $100,000. Exeter, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H., 37 s. e. by E. Concord, 480 W. The soil is moderately good, and the cultivation excellent. The v. is situated on Exeter r., a branch of the Piscataqua, at the head of tide water. The falls here afford great water power. It contains a court house, jail, bank, 3 churches — 2 Congregational and 1 Baptist — and a well endowed academy. The r. is navigable to this place for vessels of 500 tons burden. The t. contains 30 stores, cap. $67,240 ; 4 tanneries, 1 powder m., 3 potteries, 1 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 2 binderies, 3 weekly newspa- pers, 4 acad. 275 students, 12 sch. 610 scholars. Pop. 2,925. Exeter, t., Washington co., R. I., 24 s. w. Providence. The surface is uneven; soil, gra- velly loam, and productive. Incorporated in 1743. Drained by Wood r. and its branches, which afford water power. It has 8 stores, cap. $3,650 ; 1 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 6 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $83,860. 13 sch. 422 scholars. Pop. 1,776. Exeter, p-t., Otsego co., N. Y., 77 w. Albany, 367 W. The surface is elevated and hilly; soil, calcareous mold, \ve\[ adapted to grazing. Drained by Butternut and Wharton's creeks. Canaderaga lake lies on its n. e. border. The v. contains a church, store, and 12 or 15 dwellings. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $13,000 ; 1 full- ing m., 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,012. 9 sch. 469 scholars. Pop. 1,423. Exeter, t., Berks co.. Pa. The surface is undulating or hilly ; soil, red gravel, and mode- rately productive. Drained by Manokesy and Rou.^^h creeks, branches of the Schuylkill. It coiflains a church, common to Presbyterians and Lutherans, and a v. with 1 store and 6 or 8 dwell- ings. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $2,800 ; 1 forge, 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $6,750. Pop. 1,911. Exeter, p-t, Luzerne co.. Pa., 129 n. n. e. Harrisburg, 237 W. The surface is very uneven, and the soil excellent. Susquehanna r. flows on its N. E. boundary. Watered by Gardner's creek and Cascade run, which flow into the Susque- hanna. Shawney ridge of mountains passes through it, on the E. side of which anthracite coal is found. In the s. part of this t. the well- known battle of Wyoming was fought, in 1778, celebrated in Campbell's " Gertrude of Wyo- ming." It has 3 stores, cap. $8,600 : 1 fulling m., 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,300. 8 sch. 28J scholars. Pop. 1,529. Exeter, pt., Monroe co., Mich. The soil is productive, adapted to grain and to grazing. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $800. Pop. 235. Exeter, p-v., Morgan co.. 111., 47 w. Spring- field, 827 W. Situated on Mauvaiseterre r. It contains a large flouring m., 3 stores, and 15 or 20 families, surrounded by a flourisliing country. Experiment Mills, p o., Monroe co., Pa., 129 N. E. by E. Harrisbiu-g, 222 W. F. Faeer's Mills, p-o.. Nelson co., Va., 91 w. Richmond, 146 W. It contains 1 store, several mechanic shops, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 woollen fac, 12 dwellings, and about 60 inhabitants. Fabius, r., Mo., rises in several branches in Iowa and n. part of Missouri, and enters the Mississippi r. in Marion co., Mo., after a course of about 100 miles. Fabius, p-t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 120 w. Al- bany, 337 W. The surface is hilly and broken.; soil well adapted to grass. Watered by Tougli- nioga r. It has 22 sch. 766 scholars. Pop. 2,563. FAI 204 FAI Fabius, p-0., Hardy co., Va., 187 n. w. Rich- mond, 115 W. Fabius, t., Marion co.. Mo. Pop. 1,340. Facility, p-c, McMinu co., Tenn., 163 e. s. E. Nashville, 544 W. Factory Point, p-o., Bennington co., Vt., 93 s. by w. Moritpelier, 430 W. Factory Shoal, p-o., Randolph co., Ala., 149 E. Tuscaloosa, 769 W. Factoryville, p-v., Tioga co., N. Y., 178 w. s. w. Albany, '265 W. Situated on C'ayuia cr. It contains 1 Methodist church, 3 stores, I wool- len f'ac, 1 grist m., 1 saw in., an extensive fur- nace, 50 dwellings, and 350 inhabitants. Factorvvillk, p-v., Castleton t., Richmond CO., N. Y., 153 s. Albany, 231 W. Situated on the N. shore of Staten Island. It contains 1 Epis- copal church, 5 stores, 1 grist m., the New York dyeing and printing establishment, with a capital of $200,000, employing 300 workmen. It has 100 dwellings, and 6tX) inhabitants. The post-office is called North Shore. Factoryville, p-v., Braintrim t., Luzerne CO., Pa., 156 N. E. Harrisburg, 263 W. Fairblitff, p-o., Columbus co., N. C, 125 s. Raleigh, 415 W. Fairdale, p-v.. Rush t., Susquehanna co.. Pa., 169 N. E. Harrisburg, 279 W. It contains a mill and 4 or 5 dwellings. Fair Dealing, p-o., Calloway co., Ky., 54 s. w. Frankfort, 786 W. Fairfax, p-t., Franklin co., Vt., 57 n. w. Mont- pelier, 535 W. The surface is generally level, and the soil light, easily tilled, and tolerably fer- tile. Watered by Lamoille r., and some small tributaries, which afford good water power. Tiie falls of the Lamoille, which is here a large_r., are curious and valuable. It has 2 stores, capital $2,000; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,000. 11 sch. 254 scholars. Pop. 1,918. Fairfax, C. II., p-v., and capital of Fairfax CO., Va., 121 N. Richmond, 21 W. It contains a court house, jail, 3 stores, several mechanic shops, 50 dwellings, and 250 inhabitants. Fairfax, county, Va. Situated in the N. E. part of the state. Potomac r. and the District of Columbia bound it on the e. It contains 450 sq. ms. The surface is hilly and broken, and the soil in some places good, but mostly sterile. Oco- quan cr. runs on its .s. w. bonier, and Dillicult cr. runs through it n. into the Potomac. Capital, Fairfax C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,501, sheep 6,513, swine 9,803; wheat 24,630 bush, produced, rye 5,943, Indian corn 15S,012, buckwheat 1,594, oats 66,806, potatoes 7,812, to- bacco 13,480 pounds; 1 tannery, 2 colleges, 61 students, 1 acad. 20 students, 8 sch. 245 scholars. Pop. whites 5,469, slaves 3,453, free cord 448 ; total, 9,370. Fairfax, v., and capital of Culpepper co., Va. (p-o. called CUilpopper C. H.) Situated on the s. bank of Mountain cr. It contains a court house, jail, and clerk's office, on the public square, 3 churches — 1 Episcopal, 1 Presbyterian, and 1 Baptist — 9 stores, 1 market house, 2 tanneries, various mechanic shops, and 2 printing oflices, both of which issue weekly newspapers. Fairfield, p-t., Somerset co., j>le., 22 n. Au- gusta, 617 \V. It has Kennebec r. on its E. and N. boundary, which is navigable by boats to Au- gusta, where it meets sloop navigation. The soil IS fertile, adapted to grain and to grazing. It has 4 stores, cap. 5,900 ; 1 fulling m., 2 Uinneries, 2 grist m., 28 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $186,115 23 sch. 860 scholars. Pop. 2, 198. Fairfield, p-t., FrankUn co., Vt., 56 n. w. Moiit pelier, 544 W. First settled in 1789. It lias an uneven surface, and a strong soil. Watered by branches of Missisque r., and has good water power. It rears many cattle, horses, and sheep. An academy here was incorporated in 18(H. It has 3 stores, cap. $6,000; 3 lulling m., 2 tanner- ies, 4 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in niaiuifaciures, $16,925. 16. sch. 303 scholars. Pop. 2,448. Fairfield, county, Ct. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 63U sq. ms. The surface is agreeably diversified, and the soil strong, productive, and well cultivated. It extends 40 miles on Long Island sound, has a number of good hajbors, and enjoys great commercial ad- vantages ; and it has considerable shipping em- ployed in the coasting trade and the fisheries. Watered by the Housatonic r., which runs on its N. E. and E. boundary, and is navigable to Derby, and by Saugatuc, Norwalk, Mill, and Pequonuck rivers, which afTord good water ])Ower. Capitals, Fairfield and i>anbury. There were in 1840, neat cattle 34,4.52, sheep 33,355, swine 21,719; wheat 10,802 bush, produced, rye 111,.530, Ind. com 216,894, buckwheat 69,923, oats 319,781, potatoes 550,587 ; 267 stores, cap. $828,250 ; 16 lumber yards, cap. $67,000; 2 furnaces, 2 forges, 12 fulling m., 9 woollen fac, 6 cotton fac. 8,40(1 sp., 1 dyeing and printing estab., 26 tanneries, 3 potteries, 1 rope fac, 4 flouring m., 59 grist m., 71 saw m., 1 paper fac, 6 printing offices, 1 binder^', 5 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufactures, $1,279,720. 31 acad. 867 students, 211 sch. 8,285 scholars. Pop. 49,917. Fairfield, county, O. Situated a little s. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 540 sq. ms. The surface is elevated, lying between the Muskingum and Scioto rivers, and the .soil is fer- tile, and well adapted to grain. Drained by the head waters of Hockhocking r. The land is generally level, interspersed occasionally with conical liills. The south part of the county is hilly, with a less fertile soil. Capital, Lancaster. There were in 1840, neat cattle 26,()19, sheep 41,665, swine 53,578; wheat 616,152 bush, pro- duced, rye 32,841, Ind. corn 909,66), barley 2,923, oats 377,834, potatoes 67,265, tobacco 248,570 pounds, sugar 102,3(52 ; 48 stores, cap. $355,700 ; 3 fulling m., 7 woollen fac, 20 tanne- ries, 7 distilleries, 3 breweries, 1 rope fac, 1 flouring m., 21 grist m., 41 saw m., 3 printing of- fices, 3 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $100,685. Pop. 31,924. Fairfield, district, S. C. Situated in the central part of the state, and contains 796 sq. ms. The Wateree r. runs on its n. e. border, and Broad r. on the -s. w. Little r., a branch of Broad r., runs through its w. part. Soil, light and fertile. Capital, Winnsboro. There were in 1840, neat cattle 16,021, sheep 6,924, swine 24,424 ; wheat 22,781, bush, produced, rye 2,136, Ind. corn 556,0.55, oats 57,125, potatoes 20,689, cotton 8, 159,450 pounds ; 41 stores, cap. $78,600; 16 grist m., 8 saw m., 1 acad. 25 students, 4 sch. 98 scholars. Pop. whites 7,587, slaves 12,505, free col'd 73; total, 20,165. Fairfield, p-v., port of entry, and semi-capi- tal of Fairfield co., Ct., 58 s. w. Hartford, 21 s. s. w. N. Haven, 279 W. The surface is undula- ting, and the soil fertile and well cultivated. The V. is principally built on one street, with a green or square in the centre, and has 1 Congre- gational church, a court house, jail, an academy, and al)out 100 dwellings. Black Rock harbor, li m. from the C. H., is, next to New London, one of the best harbors on the sound, having 19 feet water. There is a light-house on Fair- weather island. The parish of Greenfield con- FAI 205 FAI tains a pleasant village, with a Congregational church and an academy, and a fine view of Long Island sound ; and lias been celebrated by Dr. Dvvight, formerly its minister, in the fine poem of "Greenfield Hill." The main v. of Fairfield was burned in 1779 by the British, under Gov. Tryon, hi the revolutionary war. It has 1.5 stores, cap. $13,'200; 2 lumber yards, cap. $4,500 ; 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $53,400. 3 acad. 104 students, 17 sch. 488 scholars. Pop. 3,654. Fairfield, p-t., Herkimer co., N. Y., 8 n. Lit- tle Falls, 79 w. by n. Albany, 398 W. The sur- face is hilly and rough, and the soil a fertile clay loam, well adapted to grazing. Drained by West Canada cr. The v. contains 3 churches, 3 stores, 1 tannery, one of the oldest academies in the state, and about 300 inhabitants. Here was lo- cated the Western College of Physicians and Surgeons, founded in 1812, which in 25 years, previous to 1840, educated 2,000 medical stu- dents. It has been discontinued. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $25,500 ; 1 tannery, 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,210. 1 college, 105 stu- dents, 1 acad. 215 students, 13 sch. 550 scholars. Pop. 1,836. Fairfield, t., Cumberland co., N. J., 72 s. by w. Trenton. The surface is level, and the soil sandy, with the exception of a strip of marsh on Delaware bay. Drained by Cohansey, Nantuxet, and Cedar creeks. It has 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodi-st church. It has 7 stores, cap. $12,350 ; I tannery, 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $44,015. 5 sch. 1 14 scholars. Pop. 1,935. Fairfield, v., Caldwell t., Essex co., N. J., 11 N. w. Newark. It has a Dutch Reformed chiurch, and about 10 dwellings. Fairfield, p-v., Hamilton t., Adams co., Pa., 43 s. w. Harrisburg, 82 W. Situated on the s. Bide of Middle cr., a branch of the Monocscy r. Fairfield, t., Crawford co., Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,500; 2 distilleries, 2 grist m., 5 sawm. Cap. in manufac. $6,3;)0. Pop. 1,213. Fairfield, t., Westmoreland co.. Pa. It lies chiefly in a valley ; soil, calcareous loam. Bound- ed N. E. by Conemaugh r., by several branches of which it is watered. It has 4 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 3 flouring m., 2 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $17,800. 1 acad. 40 students, 10 sch. 371 scholars. Pop. 2,035. Fairfield, t., Butler co., O., contains Hamil- ton v., the capital of the co. It has 3 sch. 64 scholars. Pop. 2,171. Fairfield, t., Columbiana co., O. It has 1 sch. 18 scholars. Pop. 181. Fairfield, t., Highland co., O. It has 14 sch. 1,210 scholars. Pop. 3,544. Fairfield, Tuscarawas co., O. It has 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $600. 7 sch. 376 scholars. Pop. 866. Fairfield, t., Huron co., O., 100 n. by e. Co- lumbus. It has 7 sch. 231 scholars. Pop. 1,067. Fairfield, p-v., Greene co., O., 57 w. by s. Columbus, 450 W. Situated on the s. e. side of Mad r. P contains 2 churches, an academy, 8 stores, 1 large grist m., 2 tanneries, various me- chanics, 108 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants. It is beautifully situated on a spacious plain, sur- rounded by hills. Fairfield, p-v.. Nelson co., Ky., 47 s. w. Franklbrt, 589 W. Situated on a branch of Salt river. Fairfield, t., Madison co., O. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,700 ; 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $350. 10 sch. 245 scholars. Pop. 305. Fairfield, p-v., Rockingham co., Va., 135 n. w. Richmond, 177 W. Fairfield, v., Rockbridge co., Va., 23 s. s. w. Stanton. It contains a church, free to all de- nominations, and about 2) dwellings. Fairfield, p-v., Bedford co., Tenn., 50 s. by E. Nashville. Fairfield, p-v., Pickens co., Ala., 56 w. Tus- caloosa, 873 W. Fairfield, p-v., Franklin co., la., 73 e. by s. Indianapolis, 515 W. Fairfield, p-v., and capital of Wayne co.. 111., 145 s. E. Springfield, 751 W. Situated on the border of Hargrave's prairie. It has a handsome brick court house, 3 or 4 stores, and about 30 dwellings. Large quantities of castor oil are manufactured here. Fairfield, p-v., Benton co.. Mo., 90 s. w. Jef- ferson city, 1,026 W. Fairfield, t., Lenawee co., Mich. It is a flourishing agricultural t., and has 1 saw m., 6 sch. 169 schools. Pop. 837. Fairfield, po., Jefferson co., Iowa. Fairfield, p-v., Walworth co., Wis., 66 s. E. Madison, 810 W. Fairfield Corners, p-v., Fairfield t., Somerset CO., Me., 28 N. Augusta, 623 W. Fair Garden, p-o., Sevier co., Tenn., 224 E. Nashville, 484 W. Fair Grove, p-o., Davidson co., N. C, 96 w. Raleigh, 326 W. Fair Grove, p-o., Morgan co., la. Fair Haven, p-t., Rutland co., Vt., 79 s. w. Montpelier, 451 W. Watered by Castleton and Poultney rivers, which unite 3 ms. before enter- ing E. Bay in Lake Champlain. The soil, par- ticularly along the streams, is fertile. On Castle- ton r. are falls, which afford good water power. Chartered in 1779. It has 2 stores, 4 forges, 1 tannery, 1 paper fac, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,600. 4 sch. 209 scholars. Pop. 633. Fair Haven, p-t., Bristol co., Ms., 59 s. by E. Boston, 436 W. It is situated opposite to New Bedford, across Acushnett r., over which is a bridge 3,960 feet long. Incorporated in 1812. The v. contains 3 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Congre- gational, and 1 Methodist — a bank and an insur- ance office. It has considerable shipping, much of which is employed in the whale fishery. There are in the t. 31 stores, cap. $50,150; 1 lumber yard, cap. $15,000 ; 2 woollen fac, 2 cot- ton fac. 1,760 sp., 1 acad. 40 students, 22 sch. 1,193 scholars. Pop. 3,951. Fair Haven, p-v.. New Haven and East Haven ts.. New Haven co., Ct., 33 s. Hartford, 302 W. Situated on both sides of Quinnipiac r., over which is a bridge, 2 e. New Haven C. H. It contains 2 churches — 1 Congregational and 1 Methodist — a flourishing academy, and about 1,000 inhabitants. It has been built up chiefly by the oyster trade, of which it exports great quantities in the winter season. Fair Haven, p-v., Israel t., Preble co., O., 112 w. by s. Columbus, 505 W. It contains 1 store, 30 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. There are in the vicinity a splendid Presbyterian church, and a steam saw m. Fair Haven, p-v., Clinton co., Iowa. Fairhaven Fur-nace, p-o., Humphreys co., Tenn., 70 w. Nashville, 754 W. Fair Hill, p o., Marshall co., Va., 354 N. w. Richmond, 261 W. Fairlee, p-t.. Orange co., Vt., 38 s. e. Mont- pelier, 506 W. The surface is rough and moun- tainous, and much of it is unfit for cultivation. A bridge across Connecticut r. connects it with Ox- ford, N. H. Chartered in 1761. The timber is mostly pine and hemlock. It has 2 stores, cap FAT 206 FAL $1,000; 1 grist in., 4 saw m. Cap. in manulac. $1,475. 6 sch. 243 scholars. Pop. 641. FAriiMONT, p-t., Luzerne co., Pa. It has 4 saw m. ('ap. in tnanufao. $1,750. 3 sch. 112 schol- ars. Pop. 594. The post-oince is called Fair- mont Springs. Fairplay, p-o., Pickens dist., S. C, 151 w. n. w. Columbia, 5(56 W. Fairplay, p-o., Morgan co., Ga., 51 n. w. Mil- led^eville, 635 W. l"AiRi>LAY, p-v., Greene CO., la., 77 s. w. In- dianapolis, 644 W. Situated on the w. side of Wiiite r., and has 1 store, a steam mill, and 10 or 12 dwellings. Fairplay, p-c, Grant co., Wis., 102 vv. Madi- son, 892 W. Fair Pleasant, p-o., Monroe co., O. Fairport, p-v., Elmira t., Chemung co., N. Y., 192 s. w. Albany, 285 W. Situated on the Che- mung canal, at the junction of the feeder, 6 ms above Elmira. It contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 8 stores, 6 warehouses, 1 grist m., 2 tanneries, 90 dwellings, and about 500 in- habitants. Fairport, p-v., Painsville t.. Lake co., O., 178 N. E. Columbus, 352 W. Situated on the e. bank of Grand r., at its mouth. It has a good harbor for lake vessels, and is connected, 3 ms. by a railroad, with Painesville, of which it is the port. It has considerable business, and has a city charter, though it is not a large village. Fairport, t., Ashtabula co., O. It has 5 sch. 185 scholars. Pop. 641. Fairton, p-v., Fairfield t., Cumberland co., N. J., 71 s. by w. Trenton, 182 W. Situated at the junction of Mill cr. and Rattlesnake run, which flow into Cohaiisey cr. It contains a Methodist, and near it a Presbyterian cliurch, 2 stores, 40 dwellings, and about 240 inhabitants. A bed of marl is found here, which adds to the fertility of the land. Fairview, p-o., Farmersville t., Cattaraugus CO., N. Y., 270 w. Albany, 337 VV. Fairview, p-t., Krie co.. Pa., 267 n. w. Har- risburg, 342 W. Hounded on tlie n. by Lake Erie. The surface is hilly; soil, gravelly loam. Watered by Walnut and Elk creeks. The v. is situated at the mouth of Walnut cr., on Lake Erie. There are in the t., 1 store, cap. .'1(3,000 ; 1 paper fac, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in inanu- fac. $17,000. 10 sch. 278 scholars. Poj). 1,481. Fairview, t., Vork co.. Pa., 17 n. w. Vork. Surface, partly hilly; soil, calcareous loam and gravel. Watered by Yellow Breeches, Fishing, and Newberry creeks. It has 2 tanneries, 10 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $51,900. 12 sch. 370 scholars. Pop. 1,993. Fairview, p-v., Prooke co., Va., 354 n. w. Richmond, 267 W. Situated 2 miles e. of Ohio r., and 4 w. Pa. line. It contains 2 Presbyterian churches, 2 stores ,2 tanneries, various mechanics, 4 flouring m., and about 200 inhabitants. It is al.so called iNew Manchester. Fairview, p-v.. Buncombe co., N. C, 215 w. Raleigh, 482 VV. Fairview, p-v., Greenville dist., S. C, 88 n. W. Columbia, 514 VV. Fairview, pv., Oxford t., Guernsey co., O., 95 E. Columbus, 298 W. Fairview, p-v., Fulton county. III., 83 N. w. Springfield, 809 W. Fairview, p-o., Pontotoc co., Miss., 187 n. n. B. Jackson, 8S9 W. Fairview, p-o., Pettis co.. Mo., 80 w. Jeffer- eon city. 1,016 W. Fairville, pv., Arcadia t., Wayne co., N. Y., 192 w. Albany, 363 W. It contains 1 Methodist church, 2 stores, 25 dwellings, and about 125 inhabitants. Faiso.v's Depot, p-o., Duplin co., N. C, 70 s. E. Kaleigh, 3(t:) W. It is situated on the Raleigh and Wilmington railroad. Kai.kla.nd, p-o., Pitt CO., N. C, 91 e. Raleigh, 277 VV. Fall Branch, p-o., Waslungton co., Tenn., 274 E. .Xashville, 414 W. Falley's Cross Roads, p-o., Hampden co., iMass., 109 w. s. w. Boston, 376 W. Falling Bridge, p-o., Campbell Co., Va., 102 w. s. w. Richmond, 202 W. Falling Creek, p-o., Wayne co., N. C, 61 s. e. Raleigh, 291 VV. Falling Spring, p-o., Greenbrier co., Va., 23i w. Richmond, 267 VV. Falling Waters, p-o., Berkeley co., Va., 178 N. Richmond, 80 W. Situated on the bank of the Potomac, at a singular bend in the r. It con- tains 1 flouring m., and, in the vicinitj^, 1 Presby- terian and 2 illetliodist churches. Fallowfield, Crawford co.. Pa. The sur- face is hilly ; soil, gravelly. It has 14 stores, cap. $29,7tX) ; 1 fulling m., 2 distilleries, 3 grist m., 7 saw in. Cap. in manufac. $8,305. Pop. 1,673. Fall River, p-t., port of entry, Bristol co., Mass., 51 s. Boston, 418 W. Situated on both sides of Fall r., at its entrance into Mount Hope bay, a branch of Narraganset bay. Fall river consists of the outlet of VVatuppa pond, which is 1 1 miles long and 1 broad, 2 miles e. of the town, and is an unfailing stream. It falls 1 10 feet within 100 rods, and atlbrds a splendid water power. The v. contains 8 churches — 1 Congre- gational, 1 Episcopal, 1 Christian, 1 Baptist, 1 Friends, 1 Methodist, 1 Unitarian, and 1 Roman Cati;olic — 2 banks and an insurance office. It has considerable shipping employed in the whale fishery. There are in the t. 58 stores, capital .$105,000; 4 lumber yard.v, <;ap. $15,000; 1 fur- nace, 1 large iron works, 2 print works, 6 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 9 cotton fac. 32,680 sp., 2 tan- neries, 1 pottery, 2 printing oflires, 2 weekly newspapers, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manuf. §1,436,300. 2^ sch. 1,020 scholars. Pop. 6,738. Fall Run, p-o., Harrison co., Va., 243 n. w. Richmond, 231 VV. Falls, p-t., Wyoming co.. Pa., 153 s. E. Har- risburg, 257 VV. It is situated on the E. side of the Susquehanna r. The surface is uneven, and in part mountainous. The soil is productive in grain, grass, and lumber. Watered by Butter- milk Fulls c, which has a perpendicular fall of 3,) feet. It has 5 stores, cap. $18,400 ; 2 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manulac. $9,900. 8 sch. 295 scholars. Pop. 2,108. Falls, t., Bucks co.. Pa., 25 n. e. Philadelphia. It derives its name from the falls of the Dela- ware r., opposite to Trenton. The surface is roll- ing ; soil, loam and sand. Watered by Penn'a and Scott's creeks. A bridge connects this place w'ith Trenton. It has 4 stores, capital ,$13,500; 1 flouring m., 2 grist m. Cap. in manu- fac. $10,000. 5 sch. 172 scholars. Pop. 2,058. Falls, t., Hocking co., O. It contains the v. of Ix)gan, the capital of the co. It has 2 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 1,625. Falls, p-o, Lincohi co., N. C, 191 w. by s. Raleigli, 428 VV. Fallskurgh, p-t., Sullivan Co., IS. Y., 197 s. w. Albany, 304 VV. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly loam. Drained by Neversink r., and head branches of Roundout cr. The v. is situ- ated on Neversink r., which here affords good water power. It has 2 stores, 1 tannery, 1 grist FAN 207 FAR m., 3 saw m., 20 dwellings, and about 125 in- habitanrs. There are in the t., 6 stores, cap. $35,400 ; 3 tantieries, 4 grist m., 19 saw m. Cap. in mannfac. $125,3'J1. 13 sch. 35'J scholars. Pop. 1,782. F.\Li,sBirRG, p-t.. Licking co., O., 65 N. e. Columbus, 363 W. Siiuated in the n. e. corner of the county. Fop. 910. Falls of Schi;ylkill. p-o., Philadelphia co.. Pa., 101 E. by s. Harrisburg, 142 W. F.vLt.s OF St. Croix, p-o., St. Croix co., Wis. Fali.ston, p-t., Beaver co.. Pa., 229 w. by n. Harrisburg, 255 W. Situated on the w. bank of Big Beaver r., which affords good water power. It has a Friends church and an academy. In- corporated in 1829. It has 4 stores, cap. !517,3')0 ; 1 furnace, 2 scythe fac, 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1 1,925. 1 sch. 40 sch. Pop. 565. Fallstowx, p-v., Iredell co., N. C, 151 vv. Raleigli, 3S8 W. Falls Village, p-v., Canaan t, Litchfield co., Ct., 45 w. N. w. Hartford, 337 W. Situated on the E. side of the Housatonic r., a little below the Great Falls. It contains a forge and an anchor shop. Falmouth, p-t., Cumberland co., Me., 6 n. Portland, 45 s. w. Augusta, 550 W. Watered by Presumscut river. The soil is generally fer- tile. Incorporated in 1719, and included, with the city of Portland, in Falmouth. It has a con- eiderable number of vessels employed in the coasting and fishing trade. It has 7 stores, cap, $2,250 ; 1 tannery, 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,281. 1 acad. 54 students, 18 sch. 647 scholars. Pop 2,539. Falmouth, p-t., Barnstable co., Mass., 75 s. by E. Boston, 465 W. It is situated on the s. w. point of Cape Cod, between Buzzard's bay and Vineyard sound. The soil is light, but the most fertile on the cape. It has several good harbors, of which the best is Wood's Hole, in the s. w. part of the t., which has from 3 to 6 fathoms of water. Two small streams in the t. afford water power. It has some manufactures, but more shipping, much of which is employed in the coasting trade and the fisheries. There were in 1840, 38,180 bush, of salt produced, and $150,000 invested in the fisheries ; 16 stores, cap. $29,500 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $2,500; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 5 grist m. Cap. in man- ufac. $39,150 ; 1 acad. 20 students, 13 sch. 837 scholars. Pop. 2,071. Falmouth, p-v., Donegal t., Lancaster co.. Pa., 15 s. E. Harrisburg, 117 W. Situated on the Susquehanna r., at the junction of Conewago cr., opposite to York Haven. It contains 20 dwell- ings and about 125 inhabitants. Falmouth, p-v., Stafford co., Va., 64 N. Rich- mond, 55 W. Situated on the n. side of Rap- pahannock r., at the foot of the Falls, nearly op- posite to Fredericksburg. A bridge here crosses the Rappahannock river. It contains 1 church, free to all denominations, 13 stores, 3 flouring m., producing 30,000 barrels annually, 3 grist m., various mechanic shops, 80 dwellings, and about 500 inhabitants. Falmouth, p-v., capital of Pendleton co., Ky., 40 s. s. E. Cincinnati, 60 n. e. Frankfort, 514 W. Situated at the junction of a main s. \v. branch with licking r. It contains a court house and several stores and dwellings. Fancy Farm, p-o., Franklin co.. 111., 170 s. by E. Springfield, 801 W. Fancy Hill, p-o., Rockbridge co., Va., 164 w. by N. Richmond, 206 W. It contains 1 store and several dwellings. Fancy Hill, po., Iredell co., N. C, 151 w. Raleigh, 388 W. Fannet, t., Franklin co.. Pa., 16 x. Chambers- burg. The surface is mountainous ; soil, cal- careous loam and slate. Watered by Tuscarora cr. It has Tuscarora Mountain on its w. border. It has 5 stores, cap. $10,100; 2 tanneries, 6 grist m., 8 saw m., 2 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $8,300. 8 sch. 275 scholars. Pop. 1,85-i. Fannettsrurg, p-v., Metal t., Franklin co., Pa., 59 s. by w. Harrisburg, 107 W. Situated on the w. branch of Coiiecocheague cr. It contams about 25 dwellings. Farley, p-o., Culpepper, co., Va., 107 n. by w. Richmond, 91 W. Farlow's Grove, p-o., Mercer co., 111., 148 n. w. Springfield, 878 W. Farm Hill, Poinsett co.. Ark. Farmer, p-o., (in Farmers ville v.,) Seneca CO., N. Y., ISO w. Albany, 313 W. The v. is on ele- vated ground, and contains 2 churches, 5 stores, 70 dwellings, and about 450 inhabitants. Farmer, t., Williams co., O. It has 2 sch. 27 scholars. Pop. 281. Farmers, p-o., 3Ieriwether co., Ga., 107 w. Milledgeville, 726 W. Farmers Creek, p-o., Lapeer co., Mich., 54 iV. Detroit, 577 W. Farmers Grove, p-o., Southampton co., Va., 58 s. by E. Richmond, 177 W. Farmers Mills, p-o., Kent t., Putnam co. xN. Y. Farmers Valley, p-o., McKean co.. Pa. Farmersville, p-t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 279 w. by s. Albany, 332 W. Situated on ele- vated ground, dividing the waters which flow n into Lake Erie, e. into Genesee r., and s. into Alleghany r. The v. contains 2 churches, 1 store, 20 dwellings, and about 125 hihabitants. There are in the t., 1 store, cap. $4,000 ; 2 tan- neries, 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,700. 12 sch. 446 scholars. Pop. 1,294. Farmersville, po., Susquehanna co., Pa., 166 N. by E. Harrisburg, 273 W. Farmf.rsville, p-o., Montgomery co., O., 86 w. Columbus, 479 W. Farmersville, p-o., Lowndes co.,Ala., 114 9. E. Tuscaloosa, 875 W. Farmersville, p-v., capital of Union parish, La., 333 N. w. New Orieans, 1,223 W. Situated on the N. side of the Bayou D'Arbonne. It con- tains a court house and several dwellings. Farmingham, p-o., Barre t., Orleans co., N. Y., 250 w. by n. Albany, 394 W. FarmingtOiV, p-t., and capital of Franklin co., Me., 32 N. w. Augusta., 621 W. The y. is situ- ated at the junction of Sandy and Little Nor- ridgewock rivers, which afford good water power. The t. was incorporated in 1794, and has a good soil, well adapted to the production of wheat. It has 19 stores, cap. $47,725 , 1 fulling m., 4 tan- neries, 2 potteries, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 5 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $20,403. 19 sch. 75S scholars. Pop. 2,613. Farmington, p-t., Strafford co., N. H., 38 e. \. E. Concord, 513 W. Incorporated in 1798. Watered by Cocheco r. The surface is uneven and mountainous. Near the v. is a rock weigh- ing 60 or 80 tons, so balanced as to be slightly moveable by the hand. It has 5 stores, cap. $8,700 ; 3 tanneries, 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,850. 17 sch. 428 scholars. Pop. 1,380. Farmington, p-t., Hartford co., Ct., 9 w. by s. Hartford, 331 W. The soil on Farmington r., which waters it, is excellent, and the t. is rich in its agricultural products, though much of the soil is light and sandy. Incorporated in 1645. It is FAR 208 FAY situated between 2 mountain ridges, running n. N. E. and s. s. w. The v. is situated on an ele- vated plain, at the base of the e. range, and lies chiefly on one extended street, containing a Con- gregational and Methodist church, a nourishing academy, and about 100 dwellings, many of them elegant. The t. has a school fund of $10,000, besides what it receives from the state fund. The Fannington canal, extending from New Haven to Northampton, Mass., passes through it. There are in the t., 8 stores, cap. $37,000 ; 1 paper fac, 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. m manufac. $39,500. 11 sch. 558 scholars. Pop. 2,041. Farmington, p-t., Ontario co., N. Y., 205 w. Albany, 351 W. The surface is level ; soil, generally stiff clay, difficult of cultivation, but productive. Drained by Mud cr., which enters Canandaigua outlet, and affords water power. The Auburn and Rochester railroad passes through the s. w. corner of the t. Large tracts of water limestone are found here. It has 2 stores, cap. $8,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $69,427. 1 acad. 40 students, 16 sch. 740 scholars. Pop. 2,122. Farmington, t., Venango co.. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 1 furnace, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,300. 1 sch. 18 schol- ars. Pop. 799. Farmington, p-o., Fayette co., Pa. Farmington, t., Tioga co.. Pa. It has 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,700. 4 sch. 84 scholars. Pop. 503. Farmington, p-t., Trumbull co., O., 166 n. e. Columbus, 317 W. It lies on the head waters of Grand r. It has 1 acad. 179 students, 10 sch. 400 scholars. Pop. 1,172. Farmington, p-t., Oakland co., Mich., 20 n. w. Detroit, 542 W. Watered by the n. branch of Rouge r., and Power's cr. It has 3 stores, cap. $16,350 ; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in inanuftictures $13,400. 18 sch. 471 scholars. Pop. 1,684. Farmington, p-v., capital of Van Buren co., Iowa. It is pleasantly located, and surrounded by a fine agricultural country, which abounds with iron ore, coal, and building stone. Farmington, p-v., Davie co., N. C, 133 w. Raleigh, 344 W. Farmington, p-v . Marshall co., Tenn., 54 s. Nashville, 698 W. It is on a branch of Duck r., and has 1 Cumberland Presbyterian church, and 100 uihabitaiils. Farmington, p-v., Clarke co., Ga., 62 n. by w. Milledgeville, 620 W. Farmington, p-v., Fulton co.. 111., 78 n. w. Springfield, 809 W. It is in the n. e. corner of the county, and is surrounded by a rich, rolling prairie. Farmington, p-o., Tishemingo co., Miss., 248 E. N. E. Jackson, 845 W. Farmington, p-v., capital of St. Francis co.. Mo., 139 s. E. Jefferson cUy, 901 W. It is on the head waters of Big River, and contains a court house, jail, 6 stores, 3 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Roman Catholic, and 1 Methodist — 2 schools, and 250 inhabitants. Farmington Fall-s, p-v., Farmington t., Franklin co.. Me., 27 n. w. Augusta, 618 W. Situated on Sandy r., 5 ms. above Farmington v., and contains a flourishing academy. Farmville, p-v.. Prince Edward co., Va., 70 w. s. w. Richmond, 160 W. Situated on the s side of Appomattox r. Incorporated in 1832. It has 2 churches — 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodi.st — 2 large tobacco warehouses, and 5 tobacco fac tories, employing 250 persons, various mechanic shops, and about 900 inhabitants. Batteaux navigate the r., to Petersburg, at all seasons of the year. Farnham, p-o., Richmond co., Va., 69 s. E. Richmond, 128 W. Farnumsville, p-v., Northbridge t., Worces- ter CO., Mass., 39 w. s. w. Boston, 496 W. Farrandsville, p-v., Clinton co.. Pa., 115 n. w. Harrisburg, 207 W. Situated on the n. side of the w. branch of the Susquehanna r. It con- tains several stores and dwellings. Farrell Place, p-o., Clinton co., N. Y., 174 N. Albany, 549 W. Far Rockaway, v., Hempstead t.. Queens CO., N. Y. Situated on a peninsula, between Ja- maica bay and the Atlantic, and contains 1 Meth- odist church and about 25 dwellings. One mile w. is the Marine Pavilion and Rock Hall, two splendid boarding houses. The former, near the beach, is one of the most fashionable watering places in the vicinity of New York. Farrowsville, p-o., Fauquier co., Va., 127 n. Richmond, 70 W. Far View, p-o., Warren co., Ky., 137 s. w. Frankfort, 60 IW. Far West, p-o., Johnson co., la., 15 s. Indian apolis, 586 W. Far West, p-v., capital of Caldwell co.. Mo., 169 n. w. Jefferson city, 1,072 W. It is 1 mile s. of Shoal cr., and 30 n. of the Missouri r. Pop. 500. This place was originally settled by the 3Iormons, who were driven hence by force, by the state authorities. Farensdale, p-o., Marengo co., Ala. P'auquier, county, Va., situated toward the N. E. part of the stale, and contains 720 square ms. Drained by head branches of the Rappahannock and the Ocoquan rivers. The surface is pleas- antly diversified, and the soil moderately produc- tive. Capital, Warrenton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 26,184, sheep 35,055, swine 36,573; wheat 362,227 bush, produced, rye 34,576, Ind. corn 670,275, buckwheat 6,454, oats 305,601, pota- toes 56,650, hops 626 pounds, tobacco 54,478, silk cocoons 74 ; 52 store.*, cap. $381,100; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 19 tanneries, 14 distilleries, 24 flouring m., 76 grist m., 45 saw m., 2 printing of- fices, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $126,384. 9 acad. 313 students, 40 sch. 1,208 scholars. Pop. whiles 10,501, slaves 10,708, free col'd 688 ; total, 21,897. Faus.se Riviere, a lake of La., formerly the bed of the Mississippi, until about 1714, when the river took a shorter course, and filling up the old channel, near its junction with the new, left the remainder an extended lake. The banks consist of a very fertile soil, covered with fine liirms. Fawcetts Store, p-o., Orange co., N. C, 70 N. w. Raleigh, 290 W, Fawn Grove, p-t., York co.. Pa., 49 s. e. Har- risburg. It extends from Muddy cr. to the 3Iary- land line. It has 3 stores, cap. $3,100 ; 1 tanne- ry, 4 gi-ist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $25,330. 4 sch. 80 scholars. Pop. 859. Fawn River, t., St. Joseph co., 3Iich. Pop. 220. Fayette, county. Pa. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 824 sq. ms. The surface in the e. part is mountainous, having Lau- rel Hill and Chesuut Ridge. The soil is lertilc, and well cultivated. Coal, iron ore, and salt springs are found. There are also sulnhur springs. Munongahela r. flows on its w. boundary. Water- ed by Voughiogheny r., and Brown's, Dunlap, Redstone, and Cook's creeks. At the Ohiopilo falls, tho Youghiogheny r. descends 60 feet in tho FAY 209 FAY space of a mile. Capital, Union. There were ill 1840, neat cattle 3.1,237, sheep 5-1,007, swine 30,568 ; wheat 334,297 bush, produced, rye 27,226, Ind. corn 551,114, buckwheat 20,566, oats 560,172, potatoes 9-i,118, bituminous coal 1,350,610; to- bacco 7,140 pounds, silk cocoons 90, sugar 84,551 ; 107 stores, cap. $426,060 ; 9 furnaces, 3 forges, 4 fulling m., 6 woollen fac, 30 tanneries, 17 distil- leries, 1 brewery, 6 glass fao., 1 glass cutting es- tablishment, 6 potteries, 16 flouring m., 61 grist m., 139 saw m., 4 oil m., 4 paper lac, 4 printing offices, 1 bindery, 2 periodicals, 4 weekly news- papers. Cap. in manufac. $369,983. 1 college, 119 students, 103 schools, 2,973 scholars. Fop. 33,574. Favette, county, Va. Situated in the w. part of the state. Watered by Newr., a main branch of Great Kanawha r. This r. is exceedingly rap- id and precipitous. Gauley r., the other constitu- ent branch of the Great Kanawha, runs on the line of the co. a few miles. Clear and March forks of Coal r. rise in this county. The surface is mountainous, and the soil sandy loam. On New r., 2 ms. from Fayetteville, is Long Point, which projects into the r., the top of which con- sists of a flat rock, covering 2 acres, elevated 1,500 feet above the level of the water. At 6 ms. from the v. is Hawk's Nest, or Marshall's Pillar, a naked, perpendicular rock, 1,100 feet above New r. There are several interesting re- mains of ancient fortifications in this co. Capi- tal, Fayetteville. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 4,286, sheep 4,594, swine 6,537; wheat 11,125 bush, produced, rye 4,481, Ind. corn 104,672, oats 63,957, potatoes 14,754 ; 8 stores, cap. $20,700 ; 4 tanneries, 26 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $30,075. Pop. whites 3,773, slaves 133, free col'd 18 ; total, 3,924. F.\YETTE, county, O. Situated a little s. w. of the centre of the state, and contains 415 sq. ms. The surface is generally level ; soil, mode- rately good. Drained by Deer and Paint creeks. First settled in 1805, from Virginia and Kentucky. Capital, Washington. There were in 1840, neat cattle 15,642, sheep 22,680, swine 31,714 ; wheat 144,335 bushels produced, rye 6,32:^, Indian corn 601,506, buckwheat 1,325, oats 99,047, potatoes 11,722, sugar 14,051 pounds; 25 stores, capital $91,045 ; 3 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 2 flouring m., 7 grist m., 12 saw m., 2 printing offices, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $17,650. 75 sch. 1,990 scholars. Pop. 10,984. Fayltte, county, Ga. Siuated a little n. w. of the centre of the state, and contains 545 sq. ms. Drained by the head streams of Flint river. Surface, level ; soil, fertile. Capital, Fayette- ville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,582, sheep 2,390, swme 13,466; wheat 2-i,010 bush, produced, Ind. com 228,957, oats 17,902, potatoes 3,586, tobacco 1,675 pounds, cotton 1,980,113; 18 stores, cap. $43,600 ; 8 distilleries, 3 flouring m., 7 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 periodical, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $7,095. 1 acad. 32 students, 3 sch. 324 scholars. Pop. whites 4,827, slaves 1,334, free col'd 30 ; total, 6,191. Fayette, county, Ala. Situated in the w. part of the state, toward the n., and contains 1,250 sq. ms. Drained by Sipsey and Battahatchy rivers, and Luxapatilla cr., branches of Tonibig- by r. Surface, undulating ; soil, fertile. Capital, Fayette C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,517, sheep 3,112, swine 20,349; wheat 22,852 bush, produced, Ind. corn 283,640, oats 12,328, potatoes 5,986, cotton 612,895 poimds ; 8 stores, cap. $11,550 ; 2 tanneries, 14 distilleries, 20 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap, in manufac. $10,996. 13 27 sch. 273 scholars. Pop. whites 5,961, slaves 981 ; total, 6,942. Fayette, county, Ky. Situated a little n. k, of the centre of the state, and contains 275 sq. ms, Kentucky r. runs for a sliort distance on the s , border of the county. Drained by the sources of Elkhorn r. The surface is an elevated table land, from which the streams flow in all directions, but eventually fall into Kentucky r. The soil is ex- ceedingly fertile. Capital, Lexington. There were in 1840, neat cattle 19,431, sheep 24,262, swine 41,894 ; wheat 109,998 bush, produced, rye 163,563, Ind. corn 1,006,959, oats 135,648, potatoes 35,204, flax and hemp 1,312 tons, tobacco 52,900 pounds, sugar 665 ; 2 commission houses, cap $35,500 ; 73 stores, cap. $890,735 ; 3 woollen fac., 1 cotton fac. 2,300 sp., 1 dyeing and printing es- tablishment, 3 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 brewery, 1 powder m., 21 rope fac, 5 flouring m., 21 grist m., 11 saw m., 2 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 1 bindery, 7 periodicals, 3 weekly and 2 semi- weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $635,740. 1 college, 3S9 students, 7 acad. 253 students, 44 sch. 1,3^5 scholars. Pop. whites 10,885, slaves 10,710, free col'd 599 ; total, 22,194. Fayette, county, Tenn. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 576 sq. ms. Drained by Loosahatchy and Wolf rivers. The soil is excellent. A railroad from La Grange, in this county, extends to Memphis, on the Missis- sippi r., and a branch of it extends to Somerville. Capital, Somerville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 18,164, sheep 10,793, swine 53,828; wheat 42,593 bush, produced, Indian corn 887,590, oats 79,705, potatoes 50,027, tobacco 10,150 pounds, cotton 3,685,580; 36 stores, cap. $232,200 ; 3 tan- neries, 10 flouring m., 14 grist m., 8 saw m., 3 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $43,150. 6 acad. 215 students, 31 sch. 786 scholars. Pop. whites 10,573, slaves 10,885, free col'd 43; total, 21,501. Fayette, county, la. Situated in the E. part of the state, and contains 400 sq. ms. Rolling in the E., level in the w. part. Most fertile to the N. and e. Drained by the branches of White- water r., which unite in the centre of the county, and produce an immense water power. Capital, Connersville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,257, sheep 15,784, swine 31,343; wheat 70,439 bush, produced, rye 7,989, Ind. corn 711,855, oats 123,815, potatoes 16,794, sugar 28,721 pounds; 21 stores, cap. $29,800 ; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 2 flouring m., 6 grist m., 14 saw m., 2 oil m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manutiic. $60,5l3. 1 acad. 125 students, 14 sch. 447 scholars. Pop. 9,837. Fayette, county. III. Situated a little s. of the centre of the state, and contains 048 sq. ms. The surface is level, and contains prairie and woodland. Drained by Kaskaskia river and its branches. The lands on Kaskaskia r. are liable to be overflowed, and often contain small lakes and ponds. The surface around Vand.alia is un- dulatmg and timbered, but the soil is indifferent. Capital, Vandalia. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,212, sheep 4,652, swine 17,439 ; wheat 16,9U6 bush, produced, Ind. corn 252,330, oats 45,242, potatoes 9,719, tobacco 3,500 pounds ; 12 stores, cap. $72,400; 1 tannery, 14 grist m., 8 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 daily newspapers. Cap, in manufac. $17,825. 10 sch. 280 scholars. Pop. 6,328. Fayette, p-t., Kennebec co.. Me., 18 w. n. w. Augusta, 600 W. Incorporated in 1795. Water- ed by a branch of Sandy r. It has a good soil, adapted to grain and to grazing. It has 3 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 1 grist m., FAY 210 FEL 4 saw m. Cap. in manui'ac. $10,2J0. 9 sell. 3i6 scholars. Pop. 1,016. Favktte, p-t., Senoca co., N. Y., 178 w. Al- bany, 334 W. The surface is level ; ."-oil, pro- ductive. It is bounded by Cayuga lake en the E. and Seneca lake on the w. Seneca r. flows on its N. w. border, and several small tributa- ries enter it from this t. Seneca r. and Canoga cr., which flows from a warm spring, aflTord wa- ter power. Gypsum and limestone are found. It has 4 stores, cap. $1,2U0; 1 tannery, 2 flouring m., 2 gri.st m., 4 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in nianu- fac. $11,166. 9 sch. 430 scholars. Pop. 3,731. Fayette, v., and port of entry, Hanover t., Chautauque co., N. Y. Situated at the mouth of Silver creek, on Lake Erie. It contains 1 church, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 clothier's works, 1 distillery, and a good steamboat landing. Fayette, v., Guilford t., Chenango co., N. Y. It contains 1 Episcopal and 1 Methodist church, 3 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., and 2 tanneries. Fayette, p-t., Alleghany co.. Pa., 214 w. Har- risburg, 239 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam. Coal is abundant. Drained by branches of Chartiers cr. It has 4 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 3 tan- neries, 5 flouring ra., 5 grist m., 6 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $8,800. 14 sch. 4i0 scholars. Pop. 2,484. Fayette, p-v., Cecil co., Md„ 87 n. e. Annap- olis, 91 W. Fayette, p-v., capital of Jefferson co., Miss., 80 s. w. Jackson, 25 n. e. Natchez, 1,091 W. It is very pleasantly situated, and contains a court house, church, and several neat dwellings. Fayette, t., Lawrence co., O. It has 6 sch. 115 scholars. Pop. 842. Fayette, t., Hillsdale co., Mich. It has 9 stores, cap. $50,000 ; 1 printing oflice, 3 weekly news- papers, 2. grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $19,000. 3 sch. 181 scholars. Pop. 807. Fayette, p-v., capital of Howard co.. Mo., 61 N. w. Jefferson city, 966 W. Situated on the e. side of Bonne Femme cr. It has a court house, a U. S. land office, a college, an academy, two churches, 15 stores, and 1,000 inhabilants. Fayette, p-v., Greene co.. III., 57 s. w. Spring- field, 829 W. Fayette Corner, p-v., Fayette co., Tenn., 77 s. Nashville, 862 W. Fayette, C. H., p-v., capital of Fayette co., Ala., 40 N. w. Tuscaloosa, 812 W. Situated 2 ms. w. of Sipspy r. It contains a court hou.se, and several dwellings. Fayettevili.e, p-v., Newfane t., capital of Windham co., Vt., 115 s. Montpelier, 434 W. It contains a court house, jail, a Congregational church, and an academy. The site is elevated, and the prospect from it extensive and pictur- esque. Fayetteville, p-v., Manlius t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 123 \y. by n. Albany, 348 W. Situated near the Erie canal, with which it is connected by a feeder. It contains 3 churches — 1 Presby- terian, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist — an academy, 6 stores, 1 flouring m., 2 saw m., 1 tannery, 120 dwellings, and about 800 inhabitants. Fayetteville, p-v.. Green t., Franklin co., Pa., 52 w. s. w. Ilarrisburg, 94 W. Situated on the turnpike from Gettysburg to Chanibersburg, 18 ms. from the former, and 9 from the latter. Fayetteville, p-v., capital of Fayette co., Va., 289 w. Richmond, 326 W. Situated 2 ms. w. of New river, a little above its junction with Gauley r. to form the Great Kanawha. It con- tains a court house and several dwellings. Fayetteville, p-v., capital of Cumberland CO., N. C, i? situated 1 mile from the w. bank of Cape Fear r., at the head of uninterrupted boat navigation, in 35° 3' n. lat., 79° 58' w. Ion., 60 a. Kaleigh, 95 n. n. w. Wilmington, 159 n. e. Co- lumbia, 318 W. Pop. 182), 3,532; 183\ 2,868; 1810, 4,285. It is regularly laid out, with streets lUO feet wide. It has 3 churches, a court house, 2 banks, and a U. S. arsenal of construction. Its trade in grain, flour, tobacco, and naval stores, is considerable. In 1831, a most disastrous fire de- stroyed a considerable portion of the place, which so e.xcited the sympathies of the people through- out the I'nited States, that they contributed about $92,U0J for the relief of the sufferers. The place has in a great measure recovered from the disas- U-r. There were in 1840, 52 stores, cap. $372,400 ; 7 cotton fac. 13,234 sp., 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 2 saw m., 2 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $384,000. 4 acad. 150 students, 4 sch. 95 scholars. Fayetteville, p-v., capital of Fayette co., Ga., 85 w. N. w. Milledgeville,689 W. Situated on a branch of Flint r. It contains a court house, jail, and about 60 dwellings. Fayetteville, p-v., Talladega co., Ala., 87 E. Tuscaloosa, 780 W. Fayetteville, p-v., capital of Lincoln co., Tenn., 86 s. Nashville, 716 W. Situated on the N. side of Elk r. It contains a court house and several stores and dwellings. Fayetteville, p-v., capital of Washington CO., Ark., 196 n. w. Little Rock, 1,185 W. Situ- ated on the -N. w. side of White r., and contains the usual county buildings, a LI. S. land office, and several stores and dwellings. The t. has 1 sch. Pop. 425. Fayetteville, p-v.. Perry t., Brown co., O., 94 s. w. Columbus, 467 W. Fayetteville, p-v., St. Clair co., EL, 100 s. Springfield, 810 W. Situated on the w. side of Kaskaskia r. It has an elevated and pleasant situation. It was long known as Pulliam's Ferry. Fayston, t., Washington co., Vt., 16 w. s. w. Montpelier. The surface is mountainous ; soil, along the streams, fertile. Watered by Mad r. Chartered in 1782. It has 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,075. 5 schools, 167 scholars. Pop. 635. Feari.ng, p-t., Washington co., O., 109 e. s. e. Columbus, 305 W. Situated on the main waters of Duck creek. The surface is broken and hilly, but the soil is good forgrain and grazing. Duck cr. afl()rds water power. It has 7 sch. 274 scholars. Pop. 1,019. Fearn's Springs, p o., Winston co.. Miss., 108 N. E. Jackson, 906 W. Fearnsville, p-o.. Isle of Wight co., Va. Feastersville, p-o., Bucks co.. Pa., 115 e. Ilarrisburg, 155 W. Fedehalsburg, p-v., Dorchester co., Md., 65 s. E. Annapolis, 105 W. Situated on Marshy Hope cr. Federal Store, p-o., Dutchess co., N. Y., 59 s. Albany, 326 W. Federalton, p-v., Rome t., Athens co., O., 92 s. E. Columbus, 326 W. Situated on the E. side of Hocking r., at the mouth of Federal cr. Feedinc; Hill.s, p-o., Hampden co., 3Is., 97 w. by s. Boston, 359 W. Feesburgh, p-o., Brown co., O., 112 s. by w. Columbus, 474 W. Felchville, p-o., Windsor co., Tt., 64 a. Montpelier, 474 W. Feliciana, p-v., Graves co., Ky., 294 w Frankfort, 820 VV. Felicity, p-v., Franklin t., Clermont co., O., 118 s. s. w. Columbus, 478 W. Situated 4 ms. from Ohio r., 35 above Cincinnati. It contains 3 FIN 211 FIS hrick churches, 8 stores, various mechanic shops, Ion tlie s. e. fleclivity of Catawba valley. It con- 80 dweUings, and al)out 530 ialiabitants. It is | tains a court house, 4 churclies, an academy, a surrounded by a rich country Felix, p-o., Morgan co., Mo., 45 w. Jefferson city, 931 W. Fb;ltonsville, p-v., Middlesex co., Ms., 30 Boston, 417 W. Felts Mills, p-v., Rutland t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 16i N. w. Albany, 424 W. Fbmme Osage, pt., St. Charles co., Mo., 82 e. Jefferson city, 864 VV. The v. is situated on the N. l»ank of Missouri r., and is an old French set- tlement. Pop. of the t. 1,338. Fenner, p-t., Madison co., N. Y., 112 w. by N. Albany, 353 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, a fertile clay and gravelly loam. Drained by Canaseraga and Chiuenango creeks. It has 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 2 grist ni., i) saw m. Cap. in mamifac. $1,600. 13 sch. 3y6 scholars. Pop. 1,9J7. Fennersville, p-o., Monroe co., Pa., 113 n. E. Harrisburg, 209 W. Fen's Brioge, p-o., JefTerson co., Ga., 46 e. Milledgeville, 630 W. Fenter, t.. Hot Spring co., Ark. It has 5 stores, cap. $2,450 ; 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Pop. 679. Fenton, p-v., St. Louis co., Mo., 137 e. Jeffer- son city, 826 W. Situated on the Marrimec r. Fentonville, p-v., Fenton t., Genesee co., Mich., 57 N. N. w. L'- goods and other stores, with a capital of $1,240,380 ; 92 engaged in the lumber trade, v^ith a capi- tal of $64,050 ; 67 persons were employed in the fisheries, with a capital of $10,000. Home-made or family articles manufactured to the amount of $20,205 ; hats and caps manufactured to the amount of $1,500 ; 3 tanneries employed 15 persons, and a capital of $14,500 ; 10 other manufac- tories of leather, as saddleries, &c., manufactured articles to the value of $6,200, employing a capi- ital of $4,250 ; 136 produced bricks and lime to the amount of $37,600; 15 persons manufactured carriages and wagons to the amount of $1 1,000, with a capital of $5,900 ; 62 grist, 65 saw, and 2 oil mills, employed 410 persons, and produced to the amount of $189,650, with .a capital of $488,950. Ships were built to the amomit of $14,100. The whole amount of capital employed in manufac- tures was $669,490. Tliere are many bays on the western side of the peninsula, which form good harbors ; the priu- cipal of which are Perdido, Pensacola, Choctavvhalchec, St. Joseph's, Appalachicola, Appalachee, Tampa, Carlos, and Gallivans. There are none on the eastern side ; but rivers, inlets, and sounds, afford harbors for coasting vessels. The principal capes are Canaveral, Florida, Sable, at the Bouthern extremity, Romans, and St. Bias. There are many islands scattered along the coast, par- ticularly a cluster ofll"the southern extremity, denominated the Florida Keys, extending, in a cur\'ed form, 200 miles. Key West, on one of these, named Thompson's Island, is a naval station, has a good harbor, which is well sheltered, and admits the largest vessels. The principal river on the eastern side is the St. John's, which rises within a short distance of the coast, and flows northwardly, in a very crooked course, through several lakes ; it is often from FLO 215 FLO 3 to 5 miles wide, and at other times, not one fourth of a mile. It passes through a fine healthy- country, and vessels drawing 8 feet of water enter Lake George and Dun's Lake, 130 miles from its mouth, which has a bar of 12 feet, where it is only 1 mile wide. The Appalachicola river is formed by the union of Chattahoochee and Flint rivers, about 100 miles above the Gulf of Mexico, to which place vessels drawing 8 feet water can proceed. The other principal rivers are the Escambia, Suwannee, Withlacoochee, Oscilla, Ocklocony, and Choctawhatchee. Rivers some- times start out of the ground in a stream sufficient to turn a mill, which seem to come from subterranean reservoirs, and sometimes suddenly sink into the ground and disappear. The principal towns are St. Augustine, the oldest town in the United States, which was settled by the Spaniards, in 15G1, and is the chief town in East Florida; Pensacola, 10 miles from the sea, OTi Pensacola bay ; Tallahassee, the capital, and St. Mark's, its port, 22 miles south of it, are the principal places in the western part of Florida. This territory has no college. There were in 1840, 18 academies and grammar schools, with 732 students, and 51 common and primary schools, with 925 scholars, and 1,303 wliite persons, over 20 years of age, who could neither read nor write. The Episcopalians, Presbyterians, Methodists, and Roman Catholics, have each a few congrega- tions and ministers. At the commencement of 1840, the district had 5 banks and branches, with an aggegate capital of $3,976,121, and a cu-culation of $418,778. At the close of 1810, the debt of the territory amounted to $3,900,000. The governor is appointed by the President of the United States. The legislative council is composed of a senate of 11 members, elected for 2 years, and a house of representatives, composed of 29 members, chosen annually by the people in October. The legislature meets annually at Tallahassee, the seat of government, on the first Monday in January, and its sessions are limited to 73 days. The pay of the members is $4 per day, and $4 for every 20 miles travel to and from the seat of government. A railroad extends from Tallahassee 22 miles to St. Mark's. One also extends from Lake Wi- comico 12 miles to St. Joseph, and another from St. Joseph 30 miles to lola, on the Appalachicola. Several other railroads and canals have been projected. Florida was discovered by Sebastian Cabot, sailing under the English flag and patronage, in 1497. Ponce de Leon, a Spanish adventurer, from Hispaniola, explored the country in 1512 and 1516. In 1539, Hernando de Soto, who had been an officer under Pizarro, sailed from the island of Cuba, of which he was governor, with an armed force, with which he overran the peninsula, though his followers were mostly cut ofTa few years after, and himself died. The French attempted to establish a colony in 1553, which occasioned contests between the French and Spaniards, in which, after alternate successes, the latter were victorious. In 1763 Florida was ceded to Great Britain by Spain, in exchange for Havana. The Spanish reconquered it in 1781, and it was con- (irmed to them at the peace of 1783. In 1821 the Spaniards ceded it to the United States, as a compensation for their spoliations on the commerce of the United States. Since it has been in possession of the United States, it has been extensively the scene of a warfare with the Indians. The Seminoles were subdued in 1818 by the Americans, under General Jackson. A portion of this tribe, who refused to emigrate to the lands assigned to them beyond the Mississippi, have recently carried on a tedious and expensive war with the United States. Florida, p-t., Hillsdale co., Mich., 94 s. w. Detroit, 526 W. It has a fertile soil, well adapt- ed to grain. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. Florida, cape, a promontory on the s. e. coast of Florida, situated on the s. w. end of an island called Key Biscayime. A light-house was erected here to mark the entrance of Hawk's channel, which was btirned by the Seminoles. It was sit- uated in 28=' 15' N. lat., and 3° 22' w. Ion. from W. Florida, p-t., Berkshire co., Mass., 7 e. Adams, 121 w. by n. Boston, 463 W. The sur- face is mountainous, and the soil chiefly adapted to grazing. Watered by Cold r., a branch of Deerfield r. It has 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $600. 5 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. 441. Florida, p-v., Warwick t., Orange co., N. Y., Ill s. s. w. Albany, 273 W. It contains 2 churches, 5 stores, 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 40 dwell- ings, and about 230 inhabitants. Florida, t., Montgomery co., N. Y., 34 n. n. w. Albany. "The surface is undulating; soil, fer- tile clay loam, well adapted to wheat. Mohawk r. flows on its n. boundary, and Schoharie cr. on the w. It has 8 stores, cap. $30,000 ; 1 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 4 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $46,300. 8 sch. 250 scholars. Pop. 5,214. $800. Pop. 297. Florida, p-v., Monroe co.. Mo., 83 n. e. JefTer- son city, 923 W. It is on the n. side of the south fork of Salt r. Florisant, p-v., St. Louis co., Mo., 131 e. Jef- ferson city, 837 W. Flower Creek, p-o., Pendleton co., Ky., 79 N. E. Frankfort, 521 W. Flowerfield, p-t., St. Joseph co., Mich., 154 s. w. Detroit, 603 W. It contains 1 flouring m. and 2 saw m., 5 sch. 76 scholars. Pop. 231. Floyd, county, Va., in the s. part of the state, w. of the middle, contains 525 square miles. The surface is mountainous, and the soil adapted to grazing. Watered by Little r. and its branches. Capital, Jacksonville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,355, sheep 8,418, swine 12,555; wheat 23,889 bushels produced, rye 13,435, Indian com 72,869, buckwheat 5,830, oats 77,073, potatoes 19,728, tobacco 17,579 pounds; 5 stores, cap. 10,900 ; 7 tanneries, 6 distilleries, 2 flouring m. FLU 216 FOR 29 grist m., 18 saw m., 3 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $3,950. 8 sch. 160 scholars. Pop. whites 4,123, slaves 321, free col'd 9 ; total, 4,433. Floyd, county, Ga., situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 460 square miles. Wa- tered by Oostanaula and Etowah rivers, which unite in this county to form the Coosa r. Cedar cr. runs in the s., and Chattooga cr. in the n. part. Surface, imeven ; soil, fertile on the margins of the streams. Capital, Rome. There were in 1810, neat cattle b,f)57, sheep 1,416, swine 16,844 ; wheat 27,633 bushels produced, rye 1,35S, Ind. com 244,5.')0, oats 16,124, potatoes 6,611, tobacco 3,706 pounds, cotton 142,397; 11 stores, cap. 36,025 ; 4 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 9 gri.st m., 8 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $24,313. 3 acad. 79 students, 5 sch. 107 scholars. Pop. whites 3,165, slaves 1,271, free col'd 5 ; total, 4,441. Floyd, county, Ky. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 1,400 sq. ms. The sur- face is elevated, and considerably hilly and broken. Watered by the forks of Big Sandy r. Kentucky and Licking rivers rise in this county. Capital, Preston burg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,941, sheep 3,059, swine 5,701 ; wheat 5,957 bushels produced, Ind. com 82,300, oats 5,881, potatoes 3,969, tobacco 2,365 pounds, cot- ton 1,148, sugar 1,857, salt 1,200 bushels ; 7 stores, cap. 22,400 ; 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 24 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,800. Pop. whites 6,103, slaves 184, free cord 15; total, 6,302. Floyd, county, la. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and contains 144 sq. ms. The sur- face is hilly, and the soil fertile. Silver cr. runs on its E. border. Watered by branches of Indian cr. The Oliio r. flows on its s. e. border. Or- ganized in 1819. Capital. New Albany. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,149, sheep 5,353, swine 10,426; wheat 30,116 bushels produced, Indian com 76,091, oats 56,541, potatoes 11,300; 84 stores, cap. $324,299 ; 2 lumber yards, capital $7,000 ; 10 tanneries, 1 brewery, 1 pottery, 9 flouring m., 2 grist m., 13 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 printing offices, 3 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $143,700. 9 sch. 379 scholars. Pop. 9,454. Floyd, p-t., Oneida cc, N. Y., 8 n. Utica, 104 w. N. w. Albany, 398 W. The surface is roll- ing; soil, clay marl, well adapted to grass. The Mohawk bounds it on the s., and along the r. are rich alluvial flats. Nine Mile cr. drains it on the E. border. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 4 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 3,000 sp., 1 dis- tillery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in m.anuiac. $32,075. 12 sch. 579 scholars. Pop. 1,742. Floyd, C. IL, p-o., (Jacksonville v.,) capital of Floyd CO., Va., 215 w. s. w. Richmond, 290 W. It contains a handsome court house, 2 stores, 1 tannery, and about 10 dwellings. Floyd, l., Putnam co., la. It has 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $700. 2 sell. 25 scholars. Pop. 1,296. Floydsburg, p-v., Oldham co., Ky., 37 w. by N. Frankfort, 5S0 W. Situated on Floyd's cr., a branch of Salt river. Contains about 100 in- habitants. Fluke's, p-o., Botetourt co., Va., 162 w. Rich- mond, 231 W. Flushing, p-t.. Queens co., N. Y., 9 e. by n. New York, 155 s. Albany, 235 W. The surface is level, except a stony ridge on the s. The soil is a sandy loam, with some clay, and well cul- tivated. Long Island sound bounds it on the N., Flushing bay on the w., and Little Neck bay on the E. The v. is situated at the head of Flushing bay. Incorporated in 1837. It con tains 6 churches — 1 Episcopal, 2 Methodist, 1 Roman Catholic, 2 Friends, ^1 orthodox and 1 Hicksite,) — 1 male seminary, and 1 female, 12 stores, 175 dwellings, and about 2,000 inhabit- ants. Steamboats connect it daily with New York, and it is much frequented in the summer months. St. Paul's College, 2 ms. n., on College Pomt, is a respectable Episcopal seminary. There are in the t., 1 1 stores, cap. $30,750 ; 1 dis- tillery, 1 printing office, 1 flourmg m., 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $43,600. 1 college, 36 students, 3 acad. 140 students, 8 sch. 369 scholars. Ppp. 4,124. Flu.shing, p-t., Belmont co., O., 110 e. by n. Columbus, 238 W. The inhabitants are chiefly of the society of Friends. Watered by Stillwater cr., which affords water power, and on which are several grist and saw m. The v. contains 3 stores, various mechanics, and about 150 inhabit- ants. It has 2 sch. 23 scholars. Pop. 1,683. Flushing, p-t., Gene-see co., Mich., 67 n. w. Detroit, 591 W. Pop. 473. Fluvanna, county, Va. Situated, centrally, in the e. part of the state, and contains 416 sq. ms. Organized in 1777. James r. runs on its s. border. The Ravenna r. passes through it. The surface is generally broken ; but between the rivers is a level tract of barren land. The soil on the rivers is good. The gold region passes through the county, and is worked near Palmyra, the capital. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,372, sheep 6,052, swine 9,264; wheat 62,418 bushels produced, Ind. corn 181,900, oats 70,813, potatoes 7,661, toljacco 1,279,777 pounds, cotton 2,392; 17 stores, cap. $126,300; 1 lumberyard, cap. $1,500 ; 1 tannery, 4 flouring m., 26 grist m., 30 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $97,201. 18 sch. 418 scholars. Pop. whites 4,445, slaves 4,146, free col'd 221 ; total, 8,812. Fluvanna, p-o., EUicott t., Chautauqua co., N. Y., 335 w. by s. Albany, 322 W. Fogelsville, p-o., Macungy t., Lehigh co., Pa., 82 e. n. e. Harnsburg, 175 W. It has a store and 8 or 10 dwellings. Fonda, p-v., capital of Montgomery county, in IMohawk t., N. Y., 42 w. Albany, 406 W. Situ- ated on the N. side of Mohawk r., and contains a court house, jail, 5 stores, a large flouring m., I saw m., 1 plaster m., 1 carding machine, 1 thresh- ing machine fac, 50 dwellings, and about 350 iiiliahitants. The Utica and Schenectady rail- road passes through the place. Fond nu Lac, cotuity. Wis., situated in the N. e. part of the ter., and contains 400 square miles. About one sixth of the surface is prairie, and there are some swamps. Fox r. runs on its N. border, and Lake Winnebago lies on its n. e. border. Drained by Rock and Milwaukie rivers, and C'rocodiie and 3Iartin's creeks. Capital, Fond du Lac. There were in 1810, neat cattle 355, swine 208 ; wheat 3iO bushels produced, Ind. corn 1,918, oats 1,315, potatoes 3,961, sugar 3,220 pounds ; 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. Pop. 139. Fond du Lac, p-v., capita! of Fond du Lac co., Wis., 98 N. e. Madison, 945 W. Situated at the head of Lake Wiiniebago. Foivnusii, p-o., Surry co., N. C, 136 w. N. w. Raleigh, 344 W. FoiiDiiAM, v., Westchester Co., N. Y., 12^ New York City Hall. It contains 1 Presbyterian church, 2 stores, 40 dwellings, and St. John's Roman CathoUc College, established in 1841, with a large and commodious edifice. It is on the line of the Harlem railroad, and has a depot. FOR 217 FOR FoRDSviLLE, p-v., Marion co., Miss., 123 s. s. E. .Tat-kson, 1,073 W. Forest, p-o., Mercer co., Pa., 228 w. N. w. Harrishurg, 281 W. FoRESTBURG, p-t., SulUvan CO., N. Y., 120 s. s. w. Albany, 278 W. The surface is billy ; soil, gravelly loam, having a large natural growth of yellow and white pine. Drained by Neversink r., which affords water power. The v. contains 1 .store, 1 grist m., 1 plaster m., 4 saw m., 15 dwellings, and about 90 inhabitants. Pop. of the t., 433. It has 3 stores, cap. Iiii3,000 ; 2 grist m., 21 saw m. Cap. in raanufac. $61,565. 4 sch. 70 scholars. Forest Lake, p-t., Susquehanna co.. Pa., 181 N. N. E. Harrisburg, 291 W. It has I store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,775. 5 sch. 120 scholars. Pop. 606. Forest Retreat, p-o., Nicholas co., Ky., 50 E. N. e. Frankfort, 493 W. Forestville, p-v., Wake co., N. C, 15 \v. Raleigh, 273 W. Forge Village, p-v., Middlesex co., Mass., 30 Boston, 434 W. Fork Inn, po., Dinwiddle co., Va., 31 s. s. w. Richmond, 150 W. FoRKLAND, p-o., Greene co., Ala. Fork Meeting House, p-o., Baltimore co., Md., 46 N. by w. Annapolis, 56 W. Fork Road, p-o., Floyd co., Va., 217 w. s. w. Richmond, 294 W. Forks, t., Northampton co.. Pa. Situated near the confluence of the Delaware and Lehigh rivers. Drained by Bushkill cr. and its tribu- taries. The surface is level, and the soil cal- careous loam. It has 1 store, cap. $3,500 ; 1 tan- nery, 3 distilleries, 7 flouring m., 2 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $50,510. 2 sch. 80 scliolars. Pop. 2,166. Forks, t., Lycoming county, Pa. It has 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $2,600. 3 sch. 90 scholars. Pop. 224. Forks of Pigeon, p-o., Haywood co., N. C. Forked Deer River, Tenn., rise.sby several branches in Carroll and Henderson counties, and after a course of about 100 miles, enters the Mis- sissipi r., in Tipton county. Forkston, p-o., Luzerne co.. Pa., 165 n. e. Harrisburg, 270 W. Forksville, p-o., Mecklenburg co., Va., 87 s. w. Richmond, 203 W. Forktown, p-v., Somerset co., Md., 99 s.s. e. Annapolis, 139 W. Fornevs, p-o., Lincoln co., N. C. Forsyth, county, Ga. Centrally situated toward the n. part of the state, and contains 290 square miles. The Chattahoochee r. runs on its E. and s. E. border. The Etowah r. runs tlirough its N. w. comer. Drained by branches of these rivers. Capital, Cumming. There were in 1840, neat rattle 5,S23, sheep 3,151, swine 9,663; wheat 27,957 bushels produced, Ind. corn 206,875, oats 17,815, potatoes 4,985, tobacco 4,278 pounds, cot- ton 97,190; value of gold produced, $8,000; 20 stores, cap. $47,000 ; 3 tanneries, 18 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 20 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,430. 1 acad. 51 students, 8 sch. 263 scholars. Pop. whites 5,060, slaves 550, free cord9; total, 5,619. Forsyth, p-v., capital of Monroe co., Ga., 55 w. Milledgeville, 677 W. Organized in 1823. It contains an elegant court house, a jail, 3 churches, several stores, an academy, and about 70 dwellings. The Towelaggee r., a branch of the Ocmulgee r., runs a little n. of it A railroad, 25 miles long, connects it with Macon. FoKSYTH, p-v., capital of Taney co., Mo., 201 28 s. JefTerson city, 1,113 W. Situated on the E, side of White r., at the entrance of Swan cr. It contains a court house and a few dweUings. Fort Adams, p-v., Wilkinson co., Miss., 158 s. w. Jackson, 1,163 W. Fort Ann, p-t., Washington co., N. Y., 68 N. by E. Albany, 432 W. The surface is hilly and mountainous, with valleys and plains. The soil is various, consisting of sand, clay, and alluvion. Lake George lies on its n. w. border. Drained by- Wood cr. The v. is situated on the Champlain canal, which has here 3 locks, and its summit level in the t. Incorporated in 1820. It con- tains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, I Methodist — 6 stores, 2 tanneries, 70 dwelhngs, and about 500 inhabitants. Fort Ann, erected here in 1756, at the head of batteaux navigation, on Wood cr., was celebrated in the French and Revolutionary wars. There are in the t., 19 stores, cap. $26,900 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 3 forges, 3 tanneries, 1 powder m., 1 grist m., 21 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $45,330. 24 sch. 1,036 scholars. Pop. 3,559. Fort Atkinson, p-o., Jefferson co.. Wis., 43 E. Madison, 827 W. Fort Armstrong. (See Rock Island, 111.) Fort Argyle, Bryan co., Ga., (now in ruins,) on the w. bank of Ogechee r., 6 miles above Ogcchee bridge, built in 1733, to protect the early settlers against the Spaniards. Here the canal from Savannah enters the Ogechee. Fort Harrington, Ga., on the e. bank of Alatamaha r., 14 ms. above Darien, was built by the Carolinians in 1720, to prevent the escape of the negroes to the Spaniards, at St. Augustine There is now a settlement in the vicinity. Fort Brady, Mich. (See Sault St. 3Iarie.) Fort Blunt, p-o., Jackson co., Tenn., 68 e by N. Nashville, 432 W. Fort Covington, p-t., Franklin co., N. Y., 266 N. N. w. Albany, 516 W. Surface, level ; soil, sand and clay loam of good quality. Drain- ed by Salmon and Little Salmon rivers. The v. is situated on Salmon r., which is navigable from this place to the St. Lawrence r., 3 ms. below. It contains 4 churches, an academy, 7 stores, 2 woollen fac, 3 grist m., 1 plaster m., 3 saw m., 120 dwellings, and about 800 inhabitants. There are in the t., 13 stores, cap. $12,181 ; 3 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 forge, 3 tanneries, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac $37,050. 11 sch. 637 scholars. Pop. 2,094. Fort Decatur, p-o., Mercer co., Ala. Fort Defiance, p-o., Caldwell co , N. C. Fort Edward, p-t., Washington co., N. Y., 49 N. Albany, 419 W. The surface is gently tm- dulating, and the soil a fertile clay and loam. Drained by Moosekill and other streams. The v. is situated on the e. side of Hudson r., and con- tains 1 church. 6 stores, 1 grist m., 80 dwellings, and about 500 inhabitants. The remains of old Fort Edward are seen in the centre of the v., erected in 1755 ; and the spot is shown, a little n., where Miss Jane McCrea was barbarously mur- dered by the Indians, in the revolutionary war. There are in the t., 11 stores, cap. $25,000 ; 2 grist m., 1 saw m., 6 sch. 195 scholars. Pop. 1,726. Fort Gaine.s, p-o., Early co., Ga., 183 s. w. Milledgeville, 830 W. Fort Gratiot, p-v., St. Clair co., Mich., 60 N. E. Detroit, 584 W. Situated at the head of a rapid, at the outlet of Lake Huron, the entrance of which it commands. Built in 1814, at the close of the late war. It consists of a stockade, including a magazine, barracks, and other accom- modations for a garrison of one battalion. FOR Fort Hamilton, p-v., New Utrpoht t., Kinss CO., N. Y. Here is a strong fortification, on liie extreme w. end of Long l.>-lund, adjoining the Narrows, tlirongh whicli is the main entrance to New York harbor, here about one third of a mile wide. Connected with it is Fort La Fayette or Fort Diamond, in the ciiannel, and Fort Rich- mond opposite, on Staten Island. Fort Hamil- ton is strongly built of .solid ma.sonry, and mounts 70 guns, 42, 32, and 21 pounders. The v. at this place contains 1 church, 2 stores, and 15 or 21) dwellings. It has a fine view of the lower bay and the Atlantic ocean, is a place of summer re- sort, and has a convenient boarding house for the accommodation of visiters. Fort Henderson, p-o., Macon co., Ala., 156 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 789 W. Fort Hill, p-o., Yorkdist., S. C.,83 n. Colum- bia, 419 W. Fort Hill, p-o., Lake co., 111., 233 n. n. e. Springfield, 748 W. Fort Hunter, p-o., Florida t., Montgomery CO., N. Y., 3S w. by n. Albany, 406 W. Here are the ruins of an old fortification, distinguished in colonial history. Fort Jefkrrso.n, p-o., Neave t., Dark co., O., 95 w. Columbus, 489 W. The v. contains 1 store and a number of houses. Fort Jesup, p-o., Natchitoches par.. La., 393 w. N. w. New Orleans, 1,312 W. Situated about midway between Sabine and Rod rivers. Fort Leavexwokth. p-v., adjoining Platte r.. Mo., on the w. side of Missouri r., within the In- dian ter. Here are situated extensive military works. Fort Littleton, p-o., Bedford co.,Pa.,71 w. by s. Harrisburg, 115 W. Fort Madison, p-v., capital of Lee co., Iowa. Situated on the w. bank of the Mississippi r. A fortification was here established in 1S()8, as a de- fence against the Indians, who obliged the garri- son to abandon it, and to burn the fort, in 1813, of which few remains are now seen. It has be- come the site of a beautiful v., founded in 1835, and containing a Presbyterian, Baptist, and Methodist church, 5 stores, 4 commission and forwarding houses, several groceries, various mechanics, and about 700 inhabitants. The ter- ritorial penitentiary is established here, and a ferry crosses the iMississippi r. Fort Miller, p-v.. Fort Edward t., Washing- ton CO., N. Y. Situated on the e. side of Hudson r., where is a fall of about 20 feet, and a state dam 8 feet high, for feeding the Charnplain canal, which passes through the place. The village contains 1 church, 5 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 fulling m. and carding machine, 40 dw'ellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Fort O.sage, p-o., Jackson co.. Mo., 158 w. by N. Jefferson city, 1,074 W. Fort Pickering, p-o., Shelby co., Tenn. Fort Plain, p-v., Minden t., Montgomery co., N. Y. Situated on the s. side of the 3Iohawk, on the Erie canal. Incorporated in 1834. It con- tains 1 Dutch Reformed and 1 Universalist church, 1 bank, 16 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 plaster m., 1 furnace, 1 distillery, 200 dwellings, and about 1,400 iidiabitanls. Fine stone is here quarried for canal locks. Fort Plea.sant, p-o., St. Joseph co., Mich., 131 w. s. w. Detroit, 5-t7 W. Fort Recovery, n-o.. Dark co., O., 114 w. by N. Columbus, 508 \V. Established by Gen. Wayne. Fort Seneca, p-o., Seneca co., O., 95 n. by w. ("olumbus, 432 W. Situated on the w. side of Sandusky r., and occupied during the late war. 218 FOU Fort Smitu, p v., Crawford co.. Ark., 161 W. roRT r^MiTU, p v., I rawlora co.. Ark., Ibl v N. w. Little Rock, 1,226 SV. Situated on the side of Arkansas r., at the entrance of Poteau r., on the extreme western border of the state. An extensive fortification is now being erected here, for the protection of the western froiuier. Portsmouth, p-o., Warren co., Va., 147 Rich- mond, 93 W. Fort Snelling, p-v., Iowa, 1,237 n. w. W. It is situated on the s. side of the Mississippi r., a short distance above the entrance of St. Peter's r. Here are situated extensive military works, for the protection of the northwestern frontier. FoRTSVii.LE, p-o., Moreau t., Saratoga co , N. Y., 48 N. Albany, 418 W. Fort Towson, p-v., Indian tcr., W. Arkansas, 184 s. w. by w. Little Rock, 1,289 W. Situated a little N. of Red r. Fort Valley, p-o., Houston co., Ga. Fort Wayne, C. H., p-v., cap. of Allen co., Ta., 131 N. N. E. Indianapolis, 544 W. Beautifully situ- ated on thc.i;3JI,77i). 1 college, 25 students, 3 acad, l:i3 sludriits, 34 scli. 827 sc.lioia-s. Pop. 25,0t'J. Fr.vxki.in, county, la. Situated in the s. F.. part of the stale, and contains 400 sq. ms. Wa- tered by branches of While Waier r., aflbrding extensive water power. The land is rolling and fertile e., level to the w. The White Water cn- nal passes through the county. Capital, Hrook- ville. There were in 1810, neat cattle UViilG. sheep 12,834, swine 17,771 ; wheat 30,23 ) bush, produced, rye 1,65^, Ind. corn 370,301, buckwheat 1,067, barley 1,087, oats 'J7,535, potatoes 4,345, hops 2,815 pounds; 18 stores, cap. #il77,2t!0; 1 fulling m., 3 distilleries, 1 rope fac, 1 flouring in., 8 griat m., 15 saw in., 1 paper iac, 2 printing otH- ces, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manuf.ic. $4,920. 1 acad. 137 students, 27 sch. 9'J5 schol- ars. Pop. 13,349. Frankli.n, county. 111. Situated toward the S. part of the state, and contains H64 sq. ms. Or- ganized in 1818. Watered by Big i>Iuddy r. and its branches, and the s. fork of Saline cr. The soil is fertile if well cultivated. Capital, Frank- fort. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,6'JO, sheep 3,286, swine 13,199; wheat 13,680 bush, produced, Ind. corn 205,914, oats 41,140, potatoes 4,30.-<, to- bacco 14,374 pounds, cotton 23,6.')0 ; 14 stores, cap. $17,600; 1 tannerv, 2 distilleries, 12gristm., 2sawm. Cap. in maiiufac. $'.',100. 9 sch. 200 scholars. Pop. 3,682. Frankli.v, county. Mo. Situated toward tlie E. part of the state. The Mi.ssouri r. runs on its N. boundary. Watered by Maramec r.and 15our- beuse river, its principal tributary, which affords good water power. Several small rivers enter the Missouri on the .\. The surface is slightly uneven, and the soil generally fertile. Capital, Union. There were in 1840, neat cattle li/,112, sheep 7,607, swine 20,640; wheat 33,108 bush, produced, rye 498, Ind. corn 21)4,062, oats 42,6 9, potatoes 13,424, tobacco 262,490 pounds, cotton 449, sugar 5,716 ; 2 smelling houses produced 990,000 pounds of lead ; 25 stores, cap. $65,530 ; 4 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 powder m., 1 flouring m., 14 grist m., 10 saw m. Capital in inaniiiac. $J3,387. 2 acad. 50 students, 22 sch. 454 schol- ars. Pop. whites 6,447, slaves 1,054, free col'd 14; total, 7,515. Fr.^.nklin, county. Ark. Situated in the n. w part of the state, and contains SOO sq. miles. The Arkansas river passes centrally tlirough it. Tiie surface is hilly and broken ; soil, on the mar- gins of streams, fertile. Capital, Ozark. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,776, sheep 1,141, swine 15,123; wheat 3,548 bu.sh. produced, Ind. corn 173,503, oats 6,737, potatoes 8,657, tob;iC(« 7,759 pounds, cotton 33,012 ; 8 stores, cap. $42,500 ; 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. inmanufac. $15,400. 6 sch. 133 scliolars. Pop. whites 2,.57, slaves 400, free col'd 8 ; total, 2,065. Fra,\kli.n, p-t., Hancock co.. Me., IOIe. byN. Augtisia, 683 W. Situated at the head of Taun- ton bay, a n. brancii of Frenchman's bay. In- corporated in 1825. It has 2 stores, cap. $7,00il; 2 tanneries. 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $3,933. 7 sch. Ici6 scholars. Pop. 502. Franklin, p-t., Merrimac co., N. ll., 18 n. n. w. Concord, 499 W. Watered by Peniigewasset and Winnipisiogee rs., which afford good water power, and here unite and form Merrimac r., which runs centrally tlirough the s. part of the t. In- corporated in iSiS. It has 2 stores, cap. $12,000 ; I taimerv, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in maiiu- fac. $34,iitK). 10 sch. 365 scholars. Pop. 1,280. Fra.n'Ki^in, p-t., Franklin co.. Vt., 7o .\. n. w. Montpelicr, 550 W. Chartered in 1789, by the name of Iluntsburg. Watered l)y Rocherr. and branihes of Missisque r. The surface is rough, but the soil well adapted to grazing. It has 3 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 fulliTig m., 1 grist m., 4 saw in. C'ap. in manufac. $6,000. 15 sch. 259 schol- ars. Pop. 1,410. Franklin, p-t., Norfolk co., Mass., 31 s. w. by s. Boston, 424 W. Watered by Charles r. and its branciios, which afford good water power. The I'ormer forms its n. boundary. Organized in 1778. It has consideral)le maimfactures, espe- cially in straw bonnets, which in 1840 were manu- factured to tiie value of $164,077. It has 7 stores, cap. $10,500 ; 4 cotton fac. 3,8tX) sp., 3 grist m., 6 saw 111. Ca[). in manufac. $82,00J. 10 sch. 454 scholars. Pup. 1,717. FitANKLiN. p-t.. New London co., Ct., 37s. E. Iltirtford, 358 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, a gravelly loam, and tolerably fertile, suited to grazing. Shetucket r. runs on its \. E. border. Watered by Susquetonscut r., a branch of Yan- tic r., and Beaver brook, which art()rd water pow- er. It has 3 stores, cap. $2,000 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 3 grist in., 4 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $18,000. 10 sch. 298 scholars. Pop. 1,000. Franklin, p-t., Delaware co., N. Y., 84 s. w. Albany, 344 VV. The surface is broken ; soil, a tertile reddish loam. Drained by Oleout cr. and its branches. The y. contains 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist church, an academy, 6 stores, 100 dwellings, and about 700 inhabitants. There are in the t., 5 stores, cap. $23,500 ; 3 fulling m., 3 tan- neries, 3 grist m., 19 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $22,150. 1 acad. 250 students, 25 sch. 911 schol- ars. Pop. 3,025. Franklin, t., Franklin co., N. Y., 25 s. e. Ma- lone, 187 N. Albany. The surface is hilly and mountainous , soil, various. Drained by Sara- nac r. and its tributaries, and by Salmon r. I: iiiis several small lakes. It has 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,400. 3 sch. 41 scholars. Pop. 192. Frankli.n, t., VV^arren co., N.J. Musconetcong cr. runs on its s. w. border. Watered by Poliat- cong cr. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,500 ; 2 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $8,300. 6 sch. 440 scholars. Poi). 1,347. Franklin, t., Somerset co., N. J., 7 s. e. Som- erville. The surface is undulating, and on the s. w. hilly. Drained by Millstone and Rarilan rivers, and Six 3Iile run. It has 14 stores, cap. s22,.5i)0; 5 lumber yards, cap. $27,1)00 ; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 1 printing office, 2 grist m., 3 saw ni. Cap. in manufac. $7-1,40;). 1 college, 115 students, 1 acad. 56 students, 11 sch. 275 scholars. Pop. 3,878. Franklin, t., Bergen co., N. J., 13 n. w. Hack- ensack. The surface is undulating ; soil, gravel, loam, and sand, underlaid with sandstone, and generally well cultivated and productive. It lias extensive manufactories, it has 10 stores, cap. $8,600 ; 6 cotton liic. 4,398 sp., 4 tanneries, 4 dis- tilleries, 5 paper fac, 15 grist m., 25 saw m. Cap. in manufac. i*; 10,633. 13 sch. 462 scholars. Pop. 4,010. Franklin, t., Gloucester co., N. J., 15 s. E. Woodbury. The surface is level ; soil, sandy, covered with pine forest. Drained by Racoon cr., the sources of Maurice r., and branches of Great Egg Harbor r. It has 5 stores, cap. $12,800; 4 glass houses, 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. ,$82,000. 7 sch. 535 scholars. Pop. 2,077. Franklin, p-b., and capital of Venango co., FRA 223 FRA Pa., 210 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 2S1 W. Sitiiared on the s. side of French cr., at its junction with Alleghany r. Organized 1795. It contains a court house, jail, 3 churches — 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist, and 1 Cumberland Presbyterian — 2 academies, 11 stores, 1 grist m., 2 forges, 120 dwellings, and about 6';) inhabitants. A bridge. 200 feet long, crosses French cr. There is good steamboat navigation, by boats of fiO or 100 tons, 5 months in the year, on the Alleghany river. A canal is in progress to connect the Alleghany r. at this place with Lake Erie. It has 11 stores, cap. $34,700 : 2 tanneries, 1 pottery, 1 printing oflice, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $6,100. 2 sch. 70 scholars. Pop. 595. Franki-in, Fayette co., Pa., 9 N. Union. The surface is hilly : soil, loam. Watered by Voughi- ogheny r. and Redstone cr. It has 1 store, cap. $2,500 ; 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,050. 5 sch. 235 scholars. Pop. 1,396. Franklin, t., Susquehanna co.. Pa. It has 1 tannery. Cap. in manufac. $550. 5 sch. 120 scholars. Pop. 515. Franklin, t., Armstrong co.. Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $1,500; 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 5 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $33,910. 3 sch. 71 scholars. Pop. 1,713. Franklin, t., Adams co., Pa. The surface is level ; soil, red shale. Watered by Conewago and Conecocheague creeks, and branches of Marsh cr. It has 6 stores, cap. $13,500 ; 1 full- ing m., 2 woollen fac, 6 tanneries, 6 flouring m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $39,400. 6 sch. 215 scholars. Pop. 1,69S. Franklin, t., York co.. Pa., 4 Harrisburg, 100 W. Drained by a branch of Bermudian cr. It has 4 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 1 tannery, 3 distiller- ies, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $17.0tX). Pop. 819. Franklin, t., Huntingdon co.. Pa. The sur- face is mountainous ; soil, calcareous loam. Drain- ed by the w. branch of Little Juniata r., on its s. boundary, and Warrior's run and Spruce cr. It has 6 stores, cap. $26,200 ; 2 furnaces, 8 forges, 2 woollen fac, 5 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac $3,077. 7 sch. 210 scholars. Pop. 1,376. Franklin, t., Bradford co.. Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $5,620. 3 sch. 97 scholars. Pop. 351. Franklin, t., Westmoreland co.. Pa. It has 9 stores, cap. $17,100; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 1 pottery, 8 flouring m., 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac $22,052. 4 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 2,320. Franklin, t., Greene co.. Pa. The surface is rolling ; soil, loam. Drained by Ten Mile creek and its tributaries. It contains Waynesburg borough, the capital of the co. It has 1 store, cap. $2,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 6 distilleries, 6 grist m., 8 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $17,715. 6 sch. 158 scholars. Pop. 1,486. Franklin, t., Alleghany co.. Pa. It has2 stores, cap. $1,000 ; 4 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $1,900. 5 sch. 205 scholars. Pop. 955. Franklin, p-v., Baltimore co., Md., 34 n. An- napolis, 44 W. Situated on the n. bank of the s. branch of Patapsco r., 20 miles from its source. It contains 2 stores, 2 tanneries, various mechan- ics, 40 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. Franklin, p-v., capital of Pendleton co., Va., 171 N. w. Richmond, 171 W. Situated on the w. side of the s. branch of Potomac r. It con- tains a court house, jail, and about 40 dwellings, or other buildings. Franklin, p-v., capital of Macon co., N. C, 33 w. by s. Raleigh, 561 W. Situated on the w. side of a s. branch of Tennessee r. It contains a court ho'ase and several dwellings. Franklin, p v., capital, Heard co., Ga., 134 w. Milledgeville, 738 W. Situated on the e. side of the Chattahoochee, and contains a court house, jail, 1 JMcthodist church, and 30 dwellings. Franklin, p-v., and depot, Henry co., Ala., 222 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 830 W. It is on the Mont- gomery and West Point railroad, 33^ miles fi-ora Montgomery. Franklin, p v.. Holmes co., Miss., 55 n. Jack- son, 1,004 W. Situated on Big Cypress cr. Franklin, pv., capital of St. Mary's par.. La., 144 w. by s. New Orleans, 1,315 W. Situated on the \v. side of the Bayou Teche. It contains a court house and several dwellings. Franklin, p v., capital of Williamson co., Tenn., IS s. Nashville, 605 W. Situated on the s. side of Harpeth r., and contains a court house, jail, several stores and dwellings. Franklin, p-v., capital of ^Simpson co., Ky., 164 s. w. Frankfurt, 68:i W. Situated on the w. side of Drake's cr., a bvanch of Barren r. It con- tains a court house, jail, a church, and several dwellings. Franklin, p-t., Warren co., O., 84 w. s. w. Columbus, 474 W. Situated on the e. bank of Great Miami r., above the mouth of Clear creek The Miami canal passes through it. It contains 2 churches, and has a printing office, wliich is- sues a weekly newspaper. Franklin, t., Adams co., O. It has 3 stores, cap. $12,000 ; 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Pop. 1,355. Franklin, t.. Brown co., O. Pop. 1,199. Franklin,!., Clermont co., O. Ohio r. runs on its s. border. It has 4 stores, cap. $13,150 ; 2 tan- neries, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac $22,000. 2 sch. 97 scholars. Pop. 2,218. Franklin, t., Coshocton co., O. Situated on the E. side of Muskingkum r. Organized in 1814. Pop. 670. Franklin, t., Columbiana co., O. It has 5 sch. 344 scholars. Pop; 894. Franklin, t., Darke co., O. Pop. 300. Franklin, t., Franklin co., O. Situated on the vv. side of Scioto r. Organized in 1804. It has 2 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 1,116. Franklin, t., Harrison co., O. It has 4 sch. 119 scholars. Pop. 1,117. Franklin, t., Knox co., O. It has 10 sch. 339 scholars. Pop. 1,337. Franklin, t.. Licking co., O. The national road passes through it. Pop. 1,131. Franklin, t., Monroe co., O. It has 1 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 1,137. Franklin, t., Richland co., O. The soil is rich. Drained by the head waters of Mohiccan cr. It has 341 scholars in schools. Pop. 1,490. Franklin, t., Ross co., O. Situated on the w. side of Scioto r. Pop. 539. Franklin, t., Shelby co., O. It has I sch. 15 scholars. Pop. 647. Franklin, t., Jackson co., O. It has 1 store, cap. $200. 2 sch. 58 scholars. Pop. 1,055. Franklin, t., Wayne co., O. It has cap. in manufac. $50. Pop. 1,504. Franklin, t., Lenawee co., Mich. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,500. 7 sch. 305 scholars. Pop. 1,023. Franklin, p-v., Southfield t., Oakland co., Mich., 28 n. w. Detroit, 550 W. Franklin, p-v., capital, Johnson co., la., 20 s. Indianapolis, 591 W. Situated on the e. side of Youngs cr., on a liigh bluff, and contains a court house, 2 churches, 2 seminaries, 6 stores, and 400 inhabitants. FRA 224 FRE Franklin, t., Floyd co., la. It has 3 stores, cap. $13,000 ; 1 grist m., 6 saw in. Cap. in man- ufac. $3,100. Pop. 606. Franklin, t., Henry co., la. It has 1 store, cap. $2,700 ; ] distillery, 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,450. Pop. 1,532. Franklin, t., Harrison co., la. It has 3 dis- tilleries, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 sch. 33 scholars. Pop. 1,113. Franklin, t., Owen co., la. It has 19 stores, cap. $39,425 ; 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 8 dis- tilleries, 1 brewery, 1 flouring m., 25 grist m., 16 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $29,565. 1 sch. 22 scholars. Pop. 865. Franklin, t., Putnam co., la. It has 1 store, cap. $4,000; 1 distillery, 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,450. 1 sch. 17 scholars. Pop. 9;)6. Franklin, t., Marion co., la. It has 40 stores. cap. $31,000; 2 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 500 sp., 2 tanneries, 1 brewery, 2 potteries, 3 printing offices, 2 binderies, 2 weekly and 1 semi-weekly newspapers, 1 flouring m., 5 grist m., 9 saw m., 2 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $43,875. Pop. 1,291. Franklin, t., Montgomery co., la. It has 5 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 947. Franklin, t., Washington co., la. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 6 tanneries, 1 flouring ni., 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,500. 5 sch. 115 scholars. Pop. 2,478. Franklin, t., Wayne co., la. It has 5 sch. 115 scholars. Pop. 1,149. Franklin, p-v., Morgan co., 111., 43 w. s. w. Springfield, 815 W. Franklin, p-t., Howard co., Mo., 53 n. w. Jefferson city, 967 W. The v. is pleasantly sit- uated on the N. side of the Missouri r., at the mouth of Bonne Femme r. Pop. of the t. 2,015. 4 sch. 125 scholars. Franklin, t., Livingston co.. Mo. Pop. 587. Franklin, p-v., Walworth co., Wis., 75 s. e. Madison, 798 W. Franklin, t., Milwaukee co.. Wis. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m. CarJ. in manufac. $2,000. Pop. 243. Franklin, t, Chicot co., Ark. Pop. 227. Franklin, t., Izard co., Ark. It has 1 sch. 26 scholars. Pop. 276. Franklin, t., Sevier co., Ark. It has 1 sch. 12 scholars. Pop. 296. Franklin, t.. Union co., Ark. It has 1 sch. 12 scholars. Pop. 649. Franklin Acadrmy, p-o., Upson co., Ga., 76 w. by s. Milledgevillc, 715 W. Franklin City, p-v., Franklin t., Norfolk co., Mass., 28 vv. by s. Boston, 427 W. Franklindale, v., Fishkill t., Dutchess ro., N. Y. It contains 1 church, 1 calico print fac, 1 comb fac, 1 large flouring m., and 30 or 40 dwellings. Franklindale, p-o., Bradford co.. Pa., 138 n. Harrisburg, 258 W. Franklin Depot, p-o., Southampton co., Va., 80 s. s. E. Richmond, 199 W. Franklin Furnace, p-o., Hardiston t., Sussex CO., N. J., 84 N. Trenton, 252 W. Franklin Furnace, p-v.. Green t., Scioto co., O., 103 s. Columbus, 421 W. Franklin Mills, p-v., Franklin t., Portage CO., O., 134 N. E. Columbus, 325 W. Situated on the Cuyahoga r., which has here fine falls, creating a great water power. It contains a glass fac, several mills, and a pleasant village, con- taining some fine houses and stores. The Penn- sylvania and Ohio canal passes through the v. Franklin Square, p-v., Salem t., Columbi- ana CO., 0., 155 N. E. Columbus, 285 W. Situ- ated at the junction of Cherry Fork, and Middle Fork of Little Beaver r. It contains 2 stores, 1 extensive woollen fac, 1 oil m., 1 saw m., and about 30 dwellings, and 151 inhabitants. Frank LINTON, p-o., Middleburg t., Schoharie CO., N. Y. Franklinton, p-o., Franklin co., N. C, 26 n. E. Raleigh, 262 W. Franklinton, p-v., capital of Washington par.. La., 63 n. by w. IS'ew Orleans, 1,129 W. Situated on Boguechitto r., and contains a court house, a Methodist church, an academy, 2 stores, and 50 inhabitants. Franklintown, p-v., York co., Pa., 15 s. s. w. Harrisburg, 100 W. Franklintown, p-v., Northampton co., Va., 16^ E. by s. Richmond, 222 W. Franklinville, p-t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 230 w. by s. Albany, 327 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, fertile clay, sandy and gravelly loam. Drained by Ischua and Great Valley crs. It has 3 stores, cap. $1,100; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 3sawm. Cap. in manufac. $11,035. 8 sch. 381 scholars. Pop. 1,293. Franklinville, p-o., Harford co., Md. Franklinville, p-v., Randolph co., N. C. Franks, t., St. l-rancis co., Ark. It has 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 555. Frankstown, t., Huntingdon co.. Pa., 116 w. Harrisburg, 164 W. The surface consists of mountain and vaHey ; soil, calcareous loam, in the valleys. Frankstown branch of Juniata r. enters the t. through Frankstown Gap of Dun- ning's Mountain, and receives Beaver Dam creek, on which, w. of Hollidaysburg, commences the railroad portage, across the Alleghany mountain, to Johnstown. It has 1 store, cap. $6,000 ; 1 dis- tillery, 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,910. 9 sch. 530 scholars. Pop. 1,499. Frankstown, p-b., Frankstown t., Hunting- don CO., Pa., 2 e. Hollidaysburg. Situated on Frankstown branch of Juniata r., and contains about 50 dwellings. It has 3 stores, cap. $18,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 saw m., 1 furnace. Cap. in manu- fac. $4,950. Pop. 357. Frazer, p-o., Chester co., Pa., 74 E. s. E. Harrisburg, 131 W. Fraze YsiniRG, p-v., Jackson t., Muskingum co., O., 61 E. Columbus, 354 W. Situated on the Ohio and Erie canal. Frazier's Store, p-o., Lawrence co., la., 77 s. s. w. Indianapolis, 627 W. Frazierville, p-o., Abbeville dist.. S. C, 83 w. Columbia, 53S W. Freasi:"s Store, p-o.. Stark co., O., 108 n. e. Columbus, 323 W. Freoerica, p-v., Kent co., Del., 13 s. Dover. Situated on the n. side of Motherkill creek. Frederica, p-v„ Glynn co., Ga., 229 s. E. 31illedgeville, 73S W. Situated on the w. side of St. Simon's Island. A fort was built here by (Jen. Oglethorpe, in 1736, which is in ruuis. The V. contains 10 or 15 houses. Frederitk, county, 3Id., extends across the state toward its w. part, and contains 750 square miles. The Potomac r. runs on its s. w. border. Drained by Monococy r. and Cotoctin cr., and their branches. The surface is level, or mode- rately uneven. The soil is generally fertile, and adapted to grain or grazing. Capital, Frederick. There were in 1840, neat cattle 21,046, sheep 21,375, swine 51,753; wheat 731,767 bushels produced, rye 221,550, Ind. corn 706.694, buck- wheat 3,520, oats 307,181, potatoes 101,087, silk cocoons 1,435 pounds, tobacco 337,991 ; 102 stores, cap. $339,600; 7 lumber yards, capital $6,800 ; 4 furnaces, 9 fulling m., 7 woollen fac, FRE 2-25 FRE 40 tanneries, 12 disiilleries, 2 breweries, 3 pot- teries, 3 rope fac, 46 tiouring m., 55 grist rn., 80 saw m., 2 oil m., 3 paper iac, 4 printing oflices, 2 binderies, 1 periodical, 4 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $520,605. 2 colleges, 283 stu- dents, 4 aoad. 233 students, 61 sch. 2,291 schol- ars. Pop. whites 23,975, slaves 4,345, free col'd 2,935 ; total, 36,405. Frederick, county, Va. Situated in the n. E. part ot" the state, and contains 650 sq. miles. The surface is diversified, and the soil is various. Shenandoah river bounds it on the s. and s. e. Opequan, Sleepy, and Back creeks rise in this county, and flow into the Potomac r. The sur- face is imeven and broken ; soil, very fertile. A railroad extends from Winchester to the Balti- more and Ohio railroad, at Harper's Ferry. Cap- ital, Winchester. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 6,983, sheep 13,055, swine 13,262; wheat 173,289 bushels produced, rye 30,63), Ind. corn 300,107, buckwheat 8,454, oats 134,703, potatoes 36,935; 49 stores, cap. $237,000; 1 furnace, 4 fulling m., 5 woollen fac, 15 tanneries, 7 distil- leries, 2 potteries, 1 rope fac, 23 flouring m., 20 grist m., 32 saw m., 1 paper fac, 2 printing offices, 1 bindery, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in man- ufac $226,135. 4 acad. 140 students, 5 sch. 134 scholars. Pop. whites 11,119, slaves 2,30'2, free col'd 821 ; total, 14,242. Frederick, p-t., Montgomery co., Pa., 77 e. Harrisburg, 170 W. It has 4 stores, cap. $11,300 ; 2 tanneries, 2 powder m., 2 potteries, 4 grist m., 6 saw m., 6 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $17,000. 4 sch. 269 scholars. Pop. 1,217. Frederick, city, p-v., capital of Frederick co., Md., 75 w. N. w. Annapolis, 43 W. It is the second place in importance in the state, being in ferior only to Baltimore. Situated on Carroll's cr., a branch of Monococy cr., 3 miles w. of the latter. It is regularly laid out, with wide streets, crossing each other at right angles, many of them paved ; and contains an elegant court house, a jail, and county oflices, 12 churches, some of them large and handsome, several banks, several literary and scientific institutions, about 800 dwellings, mostly of stone or brick, many ot them elegant, and 5,182 inhabitants. The re- ligious denominations are German Lutherans, German Calvinists, Presbyterians, Episcopalians, Baptists, Methodists, and Roman CathoUcs. The great road from Baltimore to Wheeling passes through the place; and a branch railroad, 3 ms. long, connects it with the Baltimore and Ohio rail- road, near the Monococy viaduct. The country around is exceedingly fertile, and the trade of this place is extensive. It has 3 commission houses, and 37 retail stores, cap. $13i,300 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $6,000 ; 3 furnaces, 1 fulling ra., 1 woollen fac, 10 tanneries, 1 brewery, 1 pottery, 2 rope fac, 10 flourmg ra., 2 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 1 bindery, 1 periodical, and 4 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $118,790. 2 acad. 163 students, 10 sch. 356 scholars. Frederick, po., Milton t., Trumbull co., O., 157 Columbus, 305 W. Frederick, t, Knox co., O. Pop. 444. Fredericksburg, p-o., Lebanon co., Pa. Fredericksburg, city, Spottsylvania co., Va., is situated on the s. w. side of Rappaliannock r, 110 ms. above the Chesapeake, in 33° 44' n. lat., and 77° 38' w. Ion. 66 e. of n. Richmond, 56 s. s. w. W. Pop. 1830, 3,307 ; 1840, 3,974. The city is regularly laid out, and presents a beautiful appearance from the l-.eights by which it is sur- rounded. It has a court house, jail, county of- fices, a market, and 5 churches — 1 Episcopal, 1 29 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Re- formed Baptist. It is supplied with excellent water from the Rappahannock, in pipes, laid by by a joint-stock CO. The falls of the Rappahan- nock, in the vicinity, afford good water power. It has a flourishing trade, exporting grain, flour, to- bacco, Indian corn, &c. Its exports Imve been computed at over $4,000,000 annually. It was named in honor of Prince Frederick, father of George III. There were in 1840, 73 stores, cap. $367,951 ; 2 tanneries, paints, drugs, &c., cap. $37,000 ; I grist m., 2 printing offices, 4 semi- weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. f 141,200. 5 acad. 256 students, 7 sch. 156 scholars. Fredericksburg, p-v.. Salt creek t., Wayne CO., O., 98 N. E. Columbus, 353 W. It contains 2 churches, 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 sawm., 1 woollen fac, about 25 mechanic shops, and about 350 in- habitants. Fredericksburg, t., Muskingum co., O. It has 1 sch. 57 scholars. Pop. 163. Fredericksburg, p-v., Ray co., 3Io., 154 w N. w. JeflTerson city, 1,059 W. Fredericksburg, p-v., Washington co., la., Ills. Indianapolis, 625 W. Situated on Blue r., and has about 50 inhabitants. Frederickshall, p-o., Louisa co., Va., 48 n. w. Richmond, 91 W. Fredo\, po., Stillwater t., Sussex co., N. J., 74 N. Trenton, 234 W. Fredonia, p-v., Pomfret t., Chautauque co., x\. Y., 323 w. by s. Albany, 345 W. Situated 2 miles e. of Lake Erie. Incorporated in 1829, and contains 5 churches, an academy, 6 stores, 1 flouring m., I grist m., 2 saw m., 1 clothier's works, 1 furnace, 150 dwellings, and about 1,000 inhabitants. Here is an inflammable spring, the gas of which, (carbonated hydrogen,) is used for lighting the streets, and for domestic purposes. Fredo.via, p-t.. Licking co., O., 40 n. e. Co- lumbus, 379 W. It has 2 sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 107. Fredonia, p-v., Caldwell co., Ky., 233 w. s. w. Frankfort, 771 W. Fredonia, p-v., Montgomery co., Tenn., 34 .\. w. Nashville, 719 W. Fredonia, p-v., capital of Crawford co., la., 122 s. Indianapolis, 641 W. Situated on a high bluff, on the n. side of the Ohio r., at the Great Horse Shoe Bend. It contains a court house and other county buildings, 3 stores, 1 carding and spinnhig machine, 1 steam grist and saw m., a ship yard, and aboiU 1 10 inhabitants. There are in the t., 1 sch. 35 scholars. Pop. 136. Fredonia, p v., Williamson co.. III., 175 s. s. E. Springfield, 826 W. Fredonia, p-v.. Chambers co., Ala., 175 e. s. E. Tuscaloosa, 753 W. Fredo.via, p-o., Washtenaw co., Mich. Fkedoma, t., Calhoun co., Mich. It has 8 sch. 15 scholars. Pop. 343. Fredonia, p-o., Louisa co., Iowa. Fredensburg, p-v., Schuylkill co.. Pa., 53 n. e. Harrisburg, 163 W. Freedom, p-t., Waldo co.. Me., 33 n. e. Au- gusta, 628 W. Incorporated in 1813. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. It has 3 stores, cap. $3,800 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $500. 9 sch. 469 scholars. Pop. 1,153. Freedom, p-t., Carroll co., N. H., 61 n. n. e. Concord, 642 W. Incorporated from Effingham in 1832. The surface is uneven, and the soil is, much of it, fertile. Ossipee lake borders it on the N. It has 4 stores, cap. $3,200 ; 2 tanneries. Cap. in manufac. $850. 8 sch. 432 scholars. Pop. 926 FRE 226 FRE Frekdom, p-t., Caltariugiis co., N. Y., 270 w. by s. Albany, 346 W. The surface is level ; soil. a fertile gravelly loam, adapted to grass. Drained by Clear cr., and other tributaries of Cattaraugus cr. It ha.s 2 stores, cap. S3,<)00 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §5,200. 14 sch. 413 scholars. Pop. 1,831. Freedom, t., Adams co., Pa. It has 1 distil- lery, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m. Pop. 4G5. Freedo.vi, p-b., Beaver co.. Pa., 221 w. by N. Harrisburg, 25 ) VV. Situated on the e. bank of Ohio r., 2 ms. from the mouth of Beaver r. It is pleasantly located on ascending ground, and con tains several manufactories of steam engines and boilers, and a boat-yard, where some of ihe lar gest and finest steamboats have been built. It has 3 stores, cap. $5,530 ; 1 distillery, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,700. 1 sch. 73 scholars. Pop. 354. Freedoom, p-v., Carroll co., Md., 50 n. w. Annapolis, 60 W. Freedo.vi, p-t., Portage co., O., 159 n. e. Co- lumbus, 313 W. The surface is level, and some of it wet, and the soil is fertile. It has 7 sch. 227 scholars. Pop. 88S. Freedom, t., Henry co., O. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,000. 1 sch. 8 scholars. Pop. 103. Freedom, t.. Wood co.. Pa. It has 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,500. 1 sch. 23 scholars. Pop. 248. Freedom, po., St. Joseph co., Mich., 131 w. 8. w. Detroit, 530 VV. Freedo.m, t., Washtenaw co., Mich. Pop. 956. Freedom, p-v., Owen co., la., 67 s. w. Indian- apolis, 630 W. Freedom, t., La Fayette co., Mo. It has 3 sch. 9J scholars. Pop. 415. Freedo.m Plains, p-v.. La Grange t., Dutch- ess CO., N. Y., 79 s. Albany, 306 W. It contains 1 store, and several dwellings. Freehold, p-v., Greenville t., Greene co., N. Y., 42 s. by w. Albany, 355 W. It contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 grist ra., 1 tannery, 1 cloihier's works, 20 dwellings, and about 120 inhabitants. Freehold, p-t, capital of Monmouth co., N. J., 35 s. E. Trenton, 201 W. The soil is a sandy loam, productive with good culture. The v. con- tains a court house, jail, and county offices, 5 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Dutch Reformed, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — an acad- emy, 6 stores, a printing office, and 40 dwellings. A hard fought battle of tlie revolution occurred here, June 2-^th, 1778, denominated the battle of Monmouth. There are in the t., 12 stores, cap. $49,500; 2 tanneries, 11 distilleries, 2 printing offices, 2 daily newspapers, 11 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,165. 1 acad. 5 stu- dents, 17 sch. 637 scholars. Pop. 6,303. Freehold, Upper, t., Monmouth ro., N. J. The surface is level, and the soil, clay, sandy loam, and sand. The soil in the w. part is good. in the s. e. covered with pine forest. Drained by Millstone r., and Crosswick's, Doctor's, and other creeks. It contains 20 stores, 12 saw m., several grist m. with 15 run of stones, 1 fulling m., 3 carding machines, several tanneries with 50 vats, and a number of distilleries. It has 18 sch. 1,200 scholars. Pop. 5,026. Freehold, t., Warren co., Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $12,000; 1 fulling m., 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,695. 5 sch. 133 scholars. Pop. 778. Freeman, p-t., Franklin co.. Me., 49 n. n. w. Augusta, 637 W. It has a fertile soil, adapted to grain. Watered by a branch of Sandy cr. It has 2 stores, cap. Sl,.50t: 1 saw m. Cap. in maiiufac. $5 K). 7 sch. 3S7 scliolars. Pop. 83^. Free.man-sbuiig, pv., iNorthampton co., Pa., 99 E. N. E. Harrisburg, 192. Freemaston, Effingham co.. 111., 90 s. E. Springfield, 719 W. Freeport, p-t., Cumberland co.. Me., 34 s. s. w. Augusta, 561 W. Situated at the head of Casco bay. Organized in 178 •. The v. is plea- santly situated, and has a small harbor, and some navigation, and ship building. There are in the t. 11 stores, cap. $11,900; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 1 saw m. ('ap. in manufac. $3,100. 18 sch. 806 scholars. Pop. 2,662. Freeport, ph., Buffalo t., Ann^trong co., Pa., 196 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 228 W. Situated at the confluence of BufTalo cr. with Alleghany r. Tiie Pennsylvania canal passes through the t., crossing the cr. in an aqueduct, and an office is established here for the collection of tolls. It contains 6 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episco- pal, 1 Baptist, 1 Associate Reformed, 1 Metho dist, and 1 Roman C'atholic — 1 steam saw m., 1 steam grist m., 1 water grist and saw m., 1 tan- nery, numerous mefhanic shops, and about 150 dwelling.s. It has 11 stores, cap. $15,700 ; 1 full- ing m., 1 pottery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. m manufac. $14,250. 2 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. 727. Freeport, p-f., Flarrison co., O., 99 e. n. e. Columbus, 304 W. It contains several flouring m. and factories. Tiie v. is situated on Big Still- water cr., a branch of Tuscarawas r., and con- tains 4 churches, 6 stores, 2 warehouses, 25 me- chanic shops, 60 dwellings, and about 300 inhab- itants. The Stillwater is boatable 'o this place ; and at its mouth, 20 ms. distant, connects with the Ohio canal. It has 5 sch. 323 scholars. Pop. 1,283. Freeport, p-v., Shelby co., la., 29 s. e. In- dianapolis, 360 W. Freeport, p-v., Stephenson co.. 111., 200 ms. N. Springfield, 832 W. Situated on the Peeka- tonica r. Freesbitrg, p-v., Union co., Pa., 66 N. Harris- burg, 156 W. Freeshade, po., Middlesex co., Va., 98 E. Richmond, 169 W. Freetown, p-t., Bristol co., Mass., 42 s. Bos- ton, 427 W. Incorporated in 1633. Situated on the e. side of Taunton r., by a branch of which it is watered. The soil is light, and not very fer- tile. It has considerable inanufacture.s, and some navigation. It has 9 stores, cap. $12,943 ; 2 fur- n.ices, 1 tannery, 1 pottery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 9 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $30,500. 1 acad. 25 students, 14 sch. 534 schol- ars. Pop. 1,772. Freetown, p-t., Cortland co., N. Y., 139 w. by s. Albany, 326 W. The surface is undula- ting ; soil, a fertile sandy loam. Drained by tributaries of Toughnioga and Ostelic rivers. It has 1 store, cap. $3,500 ; 1 saw m. Cap. in manul\ic. $2,400. 9 sch. 374 scholars. Pop. 950. Freetown Corners, p-o., Freetown t., Cort- land CO., N. Y., 144 w. by s. Albany, 324 W. French Broad, jpo.. Buncombe co., N. C, 265 w. Raleigh, 488 W. French Broad, r., one of the head branches of Tennessee r., rises on the n. side of the Blue Ridge, m Buncombe co., N. C, and enters Ten- nessee through a gap in the mountains, and unites with Holston r. 5 miles above Knoxville. It is navigable for boats of 15 tons to Dandridge. Its chief branches are Nolachucky r., on the n., and Great and little Pigeon rivers, on the b. FRI 227 FUL French Creek, N. Y. and Pa., rises in Chau- tauque CO., N. Y., and passes into Pa., and, run- ning by Meadville, enters the Alleghany r. at. Franklin b., Venango co. It is 100 ms. long, and boatabie half that distance. FaENcii Creek, pt., Chautauque co., N. Y., 363 w. by s. Albany, 333 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, moist sandy loam, well adapted to grass. Watered by French cr. It has 1 grist m., Si saw m. Cap. in manuCac. $3,600. 4 sch. 'J9 scholars. Pop. 621. French Creek, t., Venango co.. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. .$:i,S00; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,300. Pop. 737. French Creek, p-t., Mercer co.. Pa., 223 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 297 W. The surface is level ; soil, clay and loam, not very fertile. Drained by French and Sandy creeks. It has 3 tanneries, 1 grist m, 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $350. 6 sch. 240 scholars. Pop. 'J-il. French Creek, po., Lewis co., Va., 307 w. Richmond, 273 W. It contains 1 Presbyterian church, I tannery, various mechanics, and about 70 scattered dwellings. It is an agricultural set- tlement, peopled chiedy from New England. French Creek, po., Peoria co.. 111. French Grant, p-o.. Green t., Scioto co., O., 110 s. Columbus, 426 W. French (Jrove, po.. Bureau co.,Ill. Situated on branches of Spoon r. It contains fine timber groves, surrounded by rich rolling prairie. French Mills, p-o., Bradford co.. Pa., 159 n. by E. Harrisburg, 269 W. French Mills, p o., Onslow co., N. C, 157 s. by e. Raleigh, 337 W. Frenchtown, p v., Lewis co., Va., 311 w. n. W. Richmond, 279 W. Frenc.itown, p-o., Hunterdon co., N. J., 35 N. by w. Trenton, 192 W. Frenchtown, t., Monroe co., Mich. Pop. 833. Frenchville, p o., Clearfield co.. Pa. French Vill.\ge, p-v., St. Clair co., 111. It contains about 20 or 3J families. Frewsburgh, p-o., Carroll t., Chautauque co., N. Y., 340 w. by s. Albany, 317 W. Frey's Bush, p-o., Canajoharie t., Montgomery CO., N. Y. Friends Grove, p-o., Charlotte co., Va., 98 w. s. w. Richmond, 18:* W. It contains a store, and a tobacco fac, employing 3J hands. Friendship, p-t., Lincoln co.. Me., 51 s. e. Augusta, 631 VV. It has the Atlantic on the s., and Muscongus bay on the w., and contains sev- eral islands. It h.is considerable navigation and trade. It has 6 stores, cap. §6,100; 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,872. 7 sch. 221 scholars. Pop. 725. Friendship, p-t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 272 w. by s. Alb my, 323 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, argillaceous mold, well adapted to grass. Watered by Campan's cr., a branch of Gene.sce r. The v. is situated on the line of the New York and Erie railroad, and contains 2 churches, 8 stores, 1 grist m., 90 dwellings, and about 700 inhabitants. Pop. of the t. 1,244. It has 5 stores, cap. $24,000; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tan- nery, 3 grist m., 17 saw m. Cap. in maimfac. $24,100. Pop. 1,244. Friendship, p-v., Anne Arundel co., flid., 31 N. w. Annapolis, 61 W. Friendship, p-o., Guilford co., N. C, 91 w. n. w. Raleigh, 312 W. Friendship, p-o., Sumter dist., S. C, 81 e. s. K. Columbia, 519 W. Friendship, p-o., Sumter co., Ga., 103 s. w. MilledgeviUe, 764 W. Friendsville, p v., Middletown t, Susque- hanna CO., Pa., 173 N. N. E. Harrisburg, 233 W. It contains 1 store, and 6 or 8 dwellings. Friendsville, p-o., Alleghany co., Md., 217 N. w. Annapolis, 175 W. Friendsville, p-o., Wabash co., 111., 177 s. E. Springfield, 715 VV. Friend's Mills, p-o., Warrick co., la. Front Roval, p-v., capital, Warren co., Va., 139 N. N. w. Richmond, 85 W. Pleasantly situ- ated on Happy cr., 1 mile from the Shenandoah. It contains a court house, 2 churches, 2 acade- mies, several stores, various mechanics, a saw and grist m., 40 dwellings, and about 300 inhabit- ants. Frostburg, p-v., Alleghany co., Md., 176 N. w. Annapolis, 144 W. Situated on the national road, 10 miles w. of (Cumberland. Frostville, p-o., Cuyahoga co., O., 131 N. N. e. Columbus, 371 W. Fruit Hill, p o., Providence co., R. I., 4 Providence, 404 W. Fruit Hill, p-v., Clearfield co., Pa., 132 n. w. Harrisburg, 222 W. Fruit Hill, p-o., Christian co., Ky., 192 s. w. Frankfort, 728 W. Fruit Hill, p o., Edgefield dist., S. C, 70 w. by s. Columbia, 514 W. Fryeuurg, p-t., Oxford co.. Me., 72 w. s. w. Augusta, 569 W. Situated on both sides of Saco r. Incorporated in 1777. The soil on the r. is fertile ; but otherwise it is light, and not very fertile. The v. is beautifully situated on a plain, surrounded by hills, and contains a Congrega- tional church, and a nourishing academy. Lov- ell's pond, famous in early Indian warfare, lies near the v. There are in the town 1 academy GO students, 15 schools, 550 scholars. Population 1,53:'). Frver's Ponds, p-o., Burke co., Ga., 94 e. by s. MilledgeviUe, 617 W. Fullersville, p-v.. Fowler t., St. Lawrence CO., N. Y., 19;) N. N. w. Albany, 460 W. It con tains 2 churches, 1 store, 1 furnace, 2 forges, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. A branch of Oswegatchie r. affords water power. Fullersville, po., Barbour co., Ala. Fullwood's Store, p-o., Mecklenburg cc, N. C, 177 w. s. w. Raleigh, 414 W. Fulton, county, N. \'. Situated n e. of the centre of the stale, and contains 500 sq ms. The surface is hilly, with some mountains. The val- leys have a i'ertile soil. Drained by the Sacan- daga r. and East Canada cr. Capital, Johnstown. There were in 1840, neat cattle 19,9S2, sheep 32,5 25, swine 14,042; wheat 25,162 bush, pro- duced, rye 33,573, Ind. corn 59,836, buckwheat 31,011, birley 22,88;), oats 245,713, potatoes 402,954, sugar 80,129 poimds ; 57 stores, capital $143, S25 ; 1 furnace, 11 fulling m., 5 woollen fac, 23 laimeries, 2 rope fac, 19 grist in., 156 saw m., 2 oil m., 7 paper fac, 3 printing offices, 1 bindery, I periodical, 2 weekly newspapers. Capital in manufac. $3 41,613. 2 acad. 233 students, 89 sch. 4,059 scholars. Pop. 13,049. » Fulton, county, la. Situated toward the N. part of the state, and contains 359 sq. ms. The surface is level. Watered by the head branches of Tippecanoe river. Capital, Rochester. There were in 1840, neat catde2,13L>, sheep 1,440, swine 5,246; wheat 9,122 bush, produced, Indian corn 61,626, oats 9,324, potatoes 13,513, sugar 22,748 pounds; 3 stores, cap. $15,000; 1 forge, 1 grist m., 6sawm. Cap. in manufac. $5,100. 3 schools. Pop. 1,993. Fulton, county. 111. Situated toward the n w. part of the stale. Illinois r. runs on its s. K. GAD 228 GAD border. Watered by Spoon r. and Copperas cr. The surface is undulating, c-onsistin? of timber land and prairie, and the soil is excellent. Cap ital, Lewiston. There were in 1810, neat cattle 13,419, sheep 12,019, swine 39,32f>; wheat 105.373 bush, produced, rye 3,825, Indian corn 6')8,SS^, buckwheat 2.386, oats 127,05'.), potatoes 60,702, tobacco 7,7-<7 pounds, sugar 23,934 ; 29 stores, cap. $70,335 ; 1 furnace, 5 tanneries, 11 distiller- ies, 18 grist m., 31 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 prititinir offices, 2 weeklv newspapers. Cap. in nianiilar. $87,590. 2 acad. 72 students, 47 sch. 1,328 schol- ars. Pop. 13,143. Fulton, t., Schoharie co., N. Y., 9 s. Scho- harie, 42 Albany. The surfiice is uneven, over- laid with graywacke, of which grindstones are manufactured. The soil in the valleys is fertile. Drained by Schoharie cr. and its tributaries, one of which has a fall of 100 feet. The v., on Scho- harie cr., contains 1 store, 1 grist m., and 12 or 15 dwellings. There are in the t. 2 stores, capital $2,000; 1 fulling in., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,750. 13 sch. 671 schol- ars. Pop. 2,147. Fulton, p-v., Volnev t., Oswego co., N. Y., 190 w. N. w. Albany, 469 W. Situated on the E. side of Oswego r. A fall here of about 20 feet produces an extensive water power. It contains 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Meth- odist, and 1 Ihiiversalist — 12 stores, 3 flouring m., 8 saw m., 250 dwellings, and about 1,600 in- habitants. Fulton, p-o., Westmoreland co., Pa.. 183 w. Harrisburg, 209 W. Fulton, p-t., Hamilton co., O., 120 s. w. by w. Columbus, 496 W. Situated on Ohio r., above and adjoining Cincinnati. It fronts on the r. 2j ms., and extends back to the top of the river hill, half a mile. The v. consists of one extended street. It has 2 extensive lumber yards, 4 steam sawm., and 4 ship yards, where numerous steam- boats are built. About a mile intervenes be- tween the v. and the compact part of the city, so that it has the character of a separate village. There are in the t., 3 sch. 143 scholars. Pop. 1,506. Fulto.\, p-v., Lawrence t.. Stark co., O., (p-o. called Canal Fulton,) 125 Columbus, 330 W. Situated on the Ohio canal, and contains 6 stores, 6 large warehouses, 1 steam saw m., 1 tannery, 1 brewery, 90 dwellings, and about 500 inhabit- ants. Fulton, p-v., Barry co., Mich., 140 w. by n. Detroit, 605 W. Fulton, p-v., Davie co., N. C, 156 w. Raleigh, 364 W. Fulton, p-v., Sumter dist., S. C, 69 e. by s. Columbia, 509 W. Fulton, p-v., Hempstead co., Ark., 126 s. w. Little Rock, 1,191 W. Situated on the n. side of Red r. Fulton, p-v., Whitesides co., HI., 185 n. by w. Springfield, 865 W. Fulton, p-v., capital of Callaway co.. Mo., 22 N. E. Jeflferson city, 917 W. Situated on Riviero an Vases, 12 ms n. Missouri r. It contjiins a court house, 2 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Bap- tist — 2 acLidemies, 8 stores, 40 dwellings, and about 5:)0 inhabitants. Pop. of the t. 3,052. Fulton, t.. Fountain co., la. It has 141 schol- ars in schools. Pop. 657. Fulton, p-v , Lauderdale co., Tenn., 200 \v. Nashville, 8 ■i2 W. Situated on the e. side of the .llissisNippi r., 2 ms. above the mouth of the Big Ilatchce, on a beautiful bhiflT. It has 1 large warehouse and a few dwellings. Fulton, pv., capital of Itawamba co.. Miss., 210 N. E. Jackson, 875 W. Situated on the e. fork of Tonibigbee r. It contains a court house and ii few dwellings. FuLTONHAM, p-0., Fulton t., Schoharie co., N. Y., 42 w. Albany, 330 W. FuLTONH.wi, p-v., Uniontown t., Muskingum CO., O., 57 E. Columbus, 348 W. The v. contains 1 Lutheran and 1 Baptist church, 4 stores, 12 or 15 mechanic shops, and about 60 dwellings. Jon- athan's cr., on which is a great number of mills, runs in sight of the v. FuLTONviLLE, p-v.. Glen t., Montgomery co., N. Y., 43 w. N. w. Albany, 407 W. Situated on the s. side of Mohawk r., on the Erie canal. It contains 1 Dutch Reformed church, 4 stores, 2 groceries, a dry dock and boat yard, 60 dwell- ings, and about 400 inhabitants. A bridge here crosses the 3Iohawk. Fulton Lakes, N. Y., a chain of 8 small lakes, lying in Herkimer and Hamilton counties. They are connected by navigable outlets, and discharge their waters into Moose r., a branch of Slack r. Fundv, Bay of, sets up between Cape Sable, the s. point of Nova Scotia, and Mount Desert isl- and, in Maine, a distance of 150 ms. From East- port to St. Johns, N. B., is 60 ms. The bay is divided, in its n. e. part, into 2 branches, the \. w. called Chignecto bay, the head of which is 170 ms. from Eastport. The s. e. part is called the Basin of Mines, 150 miles from Eastport. Gypsum is obtained on the Basin of Mines, and grindstones on Chignecto bay. The tide rises at Eastport 25 feet, at St. Johns 30, at Windsor 60, at the head of C liignecto bay 71 feet. The tide comes in with amazing rapidity, and swine are olten overtaken and drowned while feeding on shell-fish. FuNKSTowN, p-v., Washington co., Md., 99 n. w. Annapolis, 67 W. Situated on the e. bank of Antictam cr., a tributary of the Potomac, 22 N. w. Frederick. Furnace, p-o., Vermillion t., Erie co., O., 117 N. Columbus, 391 W. Furnace Village, p-v., Salisbury t., I,itch- field CO., Ct., 51 w. N. w. Hartford, 335 W. Here is a large pond, the outlet of which affords water power, anil on which is a large furnace. The ore which supplies it is obtained from a rich ore bed in the w. part of the t., on the border of the state of New York. G. Gaddysville, p-o., Robeson co., N. C, 122 s. 6, w. Raleigh, 400 W. Gadsden, county, Flor. Situated in the cen- tral part of the ter., and extends from Georgia to the Gulf of Mexico. Dog Island, on the coast, belongs to it. Ocklockony r. runs on its e. border, and the Appalachicola r. on the w. The land on the Appalachicola and some other streams, is good, some ijs pine barren, and some of it, partic- ularly in the s., is low and marshy. Capital, Quincy. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,497, sheep 1,878, swine 12,943; Indian corn 183,400 bush, produced, oats 3,314, potatoes 57,368, rice 113,900 pounds, tobacco 66,324, cotton 1,833,549, sugar 114,100 ; 1 tannery, 14 grist m., 9 saw ni., 1 printing oflice, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $86,700. 8 acad. 335 students, 1 school. Pop. 5,992. GAL 229 GAL Gainer's Store, p-o., Pike co., Ala., 179 s. e. Tuscaloosa, 875 W. Gaines, pt., Orleans cc, N. Y., 252 w. n. w. Albany, 3.^5 W. The surface is generally level ; soil, a fertile clay loam. Drained by branches of Oak Orchard or. The v. is situated on the Ridge road. Incorporated in 1833. It has 2 churches — 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist — an academy, 4 stores, 1 tannery, 80 dwellings, and about 600 inhabitants. There are in the t., 6 stores, cap. $19,650; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m. 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $37,550. 1 acad. 156 stadents, 14 sch. 749 scholars. Pop. 2,26S. Gaines, t., Tioga co., Pa. It has 3 saw m., 1 sch. 19 scholars. Pop. 215. Gainesborough, p-v., Frederick co., Va., 154 N. N. w. Richmond, 82 W. It contains 2 church- es — 1 Methodist and 1 Friends — 2 tanneries, and various mechanic shops, 30 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. In the vicinity is 1 woollen fac. and 2 flouring m. Gainesborough, p-v., capital of .Tackson co., Teim., 73 e. n. e. Nashville, 631 W. Situated on the s. side of Cumberland r. It has a court house and several stores and dwellings. Gaines Cross Roads, p-v., Rappahannock co., Va., 118 N. N. w. Richmond, 70 W. It contains 1 Baptist church, 1 store, and 10 dwellings. Gainesville, p-t., Wyoming co., N. Y., 252 w. Albany, 357 W. The surface is rolling or hilly ; the soil, fertile, and well adapted to grass. Drained by Allen's cr., and another tributary of Genesee r. The v. contains 1 church, 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., and 25 or 30 dwellings. There are in the t., 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 5sawm. Cap. in manufac. $15,500. 19 sch. 793 scholars. Pop. 2,367. Gainesville, p-v., capital of Hall co., Ga., 118 N. N. w. Milledgeville, 621 W. Situated 3 ms. e. of the Chattahoochee r. It has a court house, jail, 3 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Presbyterian — 10 stores, and 300 inhabit- ants. Gainesville, ft-v., Sumter co., Ala., 54 s. w. Tuscaloosa, 872 W., 327 by r. from Mobile. Sit- uated on the w. side of the Tombigby r., and contains 18 stores, and about 1,200 inhabitants. Galen, t., Wayne co., N. Y., 5 E. Lyons, 172 w. by N. Albany. The surface is hilly ; soil, a fertile sandy and gravelly loam. Drained by Clyde r. The Erie canal passes through it. It has 20 stores, cap. .$89,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tanne- ry, 2 glass fac, 3 flouring m., 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $53,500. 1 acad. 223 students, 13 sch. 911 scholars. Pop. 4,234. Galena, p-v., Berk.slure t., Delaware co., O., 21 N. Columbus, 399 W. It was formerly called Zoar. Galena, city, p-v., and capital of Jo-Daviess CO., 111., 230 N. w. Springfield, 882 W. It is pleas- antly situated on Feve, or Bean r., and is the me- tropolis of the great lead region. It is 6 miles above the mouth of the r., which is navigable to this place, at all stages of the water, for the larg- est steamboats. It has an intercourse by steam- boats with St. Louis, New Orleans, Louisville, Cincinnati, and other places on the Mississippi and Ohio rivers. It contains 5 churches — 1 Bap- tist, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist, and 1 Roman Catholic — 35 stores, 1 academy, 1 flour- ing m., 1 saw m., various mechanic establishments, 300 dwellings, and about 1,500 inhabitants. First settled in 1826. In this reeion there were pro- duced in 1841, 22,000,000 pounds of lead, most of which finds a market in this place. The manu- facture of copper is also becoming important, and 3 furnacos are engaged in smelting it. Galena, t., Franklin co. Mo. It has 2 acad. 50 students, 1 sch. 18 scholars. Pop. 803. Gales, po., Thompson t., Sullivan co., N. Y., 103 s. w. Albany, 286 W. Galesburg, p-v., Knox co., 111., 105 n. n. w. Springfield, 834 W. Galesburg, p-v., Kalamazoo co., Mich., 137 w. Detroit, 596 W. Gales Ferrv, p-o., Ledyard t.. New London CO., Ct., 7 N. New London, *47 a. e. Hartford, 360 W. It contains about 30 dwellings. Galesville, p o., Greenwich t., Washington CO., N. Y., 39 N. N. E. Albany, 409 W. Galion, p-v., Sandusky t., Richland co., C, 69 N. N. E. Columbus, 394 W. It contains 3 stores, 3J dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Gallagher's Mills, p-o., Franklin co., Mo., 100 E. JefTerson city, 879 W. Gallant Green, p-o., Charles county, Md., 74 s. w. Annapolis, 49 W. Gallatia, Gallatin co., 111., 177 s. s. e. Spring- field, 794 W. Gallatin, county, Ky. Situated in the n. part of the state, on the Ohio r., and contains 175 .sq. ms. Eagle r., a branch of Kentucky r., runs on its s. border, and the Kentucky river runs through its centre. Surface, undulating; soil, fertile. Capital, Warsaw. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,676, sheep 4,185, swine 6,540; wheat 27,669 bushels produced, rye 2,940, Indian corn 144,400, oats 13,635, potatoes 5,259, tobacco 198,780 pounds ; 9 stores, cap. $32,000 ; 1 tan- nery, 2 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 9 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $39,280. 6 sch. 176 scholars. Pop. whites 3,361, slaves 604, free col'd 38 ; total, 4,003. Gallatin, county. 111. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and contains 760 sq. ms. Or- ganized in 1812. The Wabash and Ohio rivers run on its e. border. The soil is generally sandy, resting on slate. Salt springs exist. Cap- ital, Equality. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,254, sheep 5,349, swine 29,106; wheat 37,538 bushels produced, Ind. corn 504,225, oats 55,958, potatoes 7,661, tobacco 63,190 pounds, cotton 2,253, salt 17,000 bushels ; 39 stores, capital $259,300 ; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 5 grist m., 6 saw m., 2 oil m., 2 printing oflices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $47,200. 22 sch- 556 scholars. Pop. 10,760. Gallati.v, p-v., Allen co., O., 113 n. w. Co- lumbus, 484 W. Gallatin, p-v., capital of Sumner co., Tenn., 26 N. E. Nashville, 667 W. Situated 3 miles n. of the Cumberland r. It has a court house, jail, 3 churches, 2 female and 3 male academies, a large female seminary with 120 students ; 12 stores, and 999 inhabitants. Gallatin, p-v., Parke co., la., 78 w. Indian- apolis, 650 W. Gallatin, p-v., capital of Copiah co.. Miss., 37 s. by w. Jackson, 1,047 W. Situated on the E. side of Bayou Pierre r., in the heart of a fine cotlon-growing coiuitry. It has a court house and several neat dwellings. Gallatin, p-t., capital of Davies co.. Mo., 189 n. w. JeflTerson city, 1,092 W. The v. is situated 1 m. s. of the west fork of Grand r. It has a brick court house, and 150 inhabitants. There are in the t., 4 sch. 73 scholars. Pop. 1,467. Gallatin, t., Columbia co., N. Y., 15 s. e. Hudson, 44 s. by e. Albany. The surface is hilly, and the soil various. It has Charlotte Lake in its N. part, from which flows Dove cr. Roe- liff Jansen's cr. drains its s. part. It has 5 GAM 230 GAR stores, cap. $9,0(.K); 2 fulling m., '2 flouring m., 2i grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3, 101). 6 j sch. 451 scholar.s. Pop. 1,614. Gallatinvii.i.e, po., Gallatin t., Columbia! county, N. Y., 43 s. Albany, 332 W. I Gallatins, r., one ofllio s. w. .sources of the Missouri r. Flowing northwardly, it unites with ; Madison and JefTerson rivers to form the Mis- souri river. Gallia, counly, O. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, on Ohio r., and contains about 500 1 sq. ms. The surface is genemlly hilly and broken, and the soil poor, e.vceptinsr on the Ohio river, where it is fertile. Drained by llacoon or., and some smaller tributaries of the Ohio. Its earlier settlers were from France, whence it derived its name. First settled in 1790. Capital, Gallipolis. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,8%, sheep 20,528, swine 17,884; wheat, 124,02S bushels produced, Indian corn 327,'Jf)7, oats 1 15,431, potatoes 28,313, sugar 49,925 pounds ; 43 stores, cap. $49,131; 1 forge, 1 fulling m., 11 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 17 grist m., 24 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, j Cap. in manufac. $59,250. 75 scholars in schools. Pop. 13,444. Gallipolis, p-t., capital of Gallia co., O., 100 s. E. Columbus, 353 W. It is pleasantly situ- ated on the w. bank of Ohio r. It has 2 church- es, a jail, an academy, 15 stores, 3 steam m., a printing office, and 80 dwellings, many of them handsome brick edifices. Near the academy is a semi-globular mound, 18 or 20 rods in circum- ference, at its base, a monument of early times. The v. was organized in 1810. There are in the t., 18 stores, cap. $21,704; 2 tanneries, 1 printing of- fice, 1 weekly new.spaper, 1 flouring ni., 1 grist m., 1 savvm. Cap. in manufac. $37,730. Pop. 1,413. Gallev Rock, t.. Pope co., Ark. It has 1 sch. 14 scholars. Pop. 219. Galloway, t, Atlantic co., N. J. Drained by Nacote cr. The surface is even ; soil, sandy salt marsh on the s. It has 7 stores, cap. .$9,700 ; 1 glass fac, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $47,500. 8 sch. 616 scholars. Pop. 2,208. Gallupsville, p-o., Schoharie t., Schoharie CO., N. Y., 27 w. Albany, 338 W. Gallum, p-o., Perry co., 111., 166 s. Spring- field, 818 W. Galway, pt., Saratoga co., N. Y., 36 n. n. w. Albany, 404 W. The surface is undulating and hilly ; soil, clay loam, and well cultivated. Drained by a branch of Kayaderosseras and by Chuctenunda creeks. It has 6 stores, capital $23,900 ; 4 fulling m., 4 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,375. 1 acad. 37 students, 13 sch. 423 scholars. Pop. 2,412. Galvezton, v.. Ascension parish. La. It is on the s. side of the Iberville r., opposite the junction of Amite r. Gam BIER, p-v.. Pleasant t., Knox co., O., 56 n. E.Columbus, 371 W. It was laid out in 1826, in the centre of a tract of 4.0J0 acres, belonging to Kenyon College. This institution was found- ed in 1826, by funds obtained in England. It is under the direction of the Episcopalians, has a president and 1 1 professors, or other instructors, 61 alumni, 8 of whom have been ministers of the the gospel, 55 students, besides those in the pre- paratory department, and 8,720 vols, in its li- braries. The commencement is on the 1st Wed- nesday in September. The v. was named after Lord Gambier, and is beautifully situated on a high and level ridge of land, enrtompassed on 3 sides by Vernon r. It contains 4 stores, a printing oflice, 1 acad. 25 students, 50 dwellings, «nd 292 inhabitants. The buildings of Kenyon College are 4 in number, the principal of whicli is an elegant Gothic edifice of hewn stone, 190 feet long, and 4 stories high. < JAMUi,f:'s. p-o., Alleghany co., Pa., 156 w. Har- risburg, 212VV. Ganges, p-o., Richland co., O., 75 x. n. e. Co- lumbus, 390 W. Ganskvoort, p-o., Northumberland t., Sara- toga CO., N. Y., 49 N. Albany, 419 W. Gap, p-o., Sadsbury t, Lancaster co., Pa., 51 s. E. Harrisburg, 114 W. Situated at the e. foot of the 3Iine Ridge. Gap ('reek, p-o., Knox co., Tertn., 195 e. Nashville, 510 W. Gap Grove, p-o., Jo-Daviess Co., 111., 167 n. Springfield, 830 W. (Jap Mills, p-o., Monroe co., Ya. Gardiner, p-t., Kennebec co,, Me., 6 s. Au- gusta, 594 VV. Situated on the w. side of Ken- nebec r. Cobbeseconte r. here enters the Ken- nebec, and lor more than a mile has a continued succession of falls, affording an extensive water power. The v. contains an Episcopal and a Meth- odist church, a bank, and a lyceum. There are in the t., 34 stores, cap. .$63,450 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 paper fac, 1 printing oflice, 1 peri- odical, 1 weekly newspaper, 6 tanneries, 1 pot- tery, 5 grist m., 16 saw m. (.^ap. in manufac. $37,050. 1 acad. 70 students, 21 sch. 2,086 schol- ars. Pop. 5,042. Gardner, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 5S n. n. w. Boston, 418 W. The surface is uneven, and the soil good for grazing. Watered by a branch of Miller's r., which affords water power. In- corporated in 1785. It has 2 stores, cap. $10,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10S,63S. 6 sch. 317 scholars. Pop. 1,2G0. Gardiner's Bay, N. Y., is a considerable ex- panse of water, at the E. end of Long Island, somewhat in a circular form, 8 miles in diameter, between Gardiner's Island and the main land. Gardiner's Island, N. Y., lies off the e. end of Long Island, and is 4 miles long and 2 wide. Settled by a man of the same name, from Scot- land, in 1039, whose descendants still occupy it. It is highly cultivated. Gardiner's Lake, p-o.. New London co., Ct., ai s. e. Hartford, 347 W. Gardner, p o., Morgan co, O., 92 e. Colum- bus, 314 W. (Jardnkr's Bridge, p-o., Martin co., N. C, 151 E. Raleigh, 275 W. (Gardner's Ford, po., Cleveland co., N. C, 192 w. S.W.Raleigh, 429 W. Gardnersville, p-o., Seward t., Schoharie CO., N. Y., 47 w. Albany, 392 W. (jIardnersville, p-o., Weakley co.,Tenn., 134 w. Nashville, 8:i0 VV. Garland, p t., Penobscot co.. Me., 9^ N. n. e. Augusta, 693 W. The soil is fertile, and adapted to grain. Watered by head branches of Kandus- keag stream. Incorporated in 1811. It has 1 store, cap. $51X) ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 4 saw m., 7 schools, 3M scholars. Pop. 1,065. Garland's, p o., Albemarle co., Va., 85 n. n. w. Richmond, 135 W. (iARLANDsviLLE, p-0., Jaspcr CO., Miss., 94 E. s. e. Jackson, 972 W. Garnettsville, p-v.. Mead co., Ky., 83 w. Frankfort, 623 W. Garoga, po., Ephratah t., Fulton co., N. Y., 54 w. N. w. Albany, 400 W. Garrard, county, Ky. Situated a little E. of the central part of the state, and contains 240 sq. ms. Kentucky r. runs on its n. border, Dicks r. runs on its s. w., and Paint Lick cr. on its N. E border. The soil is highly productive. CapitAl, GAT 231 GEN Lancaster. There were in 1840, neat callle 9,121), sheep 17,5 •(2, swine 33,712 ; wheat 57,',)4I bush, produced, rye 3<, 184, Ind. corn 57fi,4'.».5, oats 140,131), potatoes, 16,554, tobacco 472,4S!) pounds, sugar 35,8iS; 22 stores, cap. !jlO-f,700; 6 tanneries, 22 distilleries, 7 flouring m., 34 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in rnanufac. $78,863. 4 acad. 15 ) students, 15 sch. 390 scholars. Pop. ■whites 7, 110, slaves, 3,2:i3, free col'd 87; total, 10,48J. G.\R!iATTSviLLE, p-0.. New Lisbon t., Otsego CO., N. Y., 86 w. Albany, 319 ^V. Garrettsburg, p v.. Christian cc, Ky., 224 s. w. Frankfort, 74^ W. GaRrett'.s Factory, p-c, Giles cc, Tenn., 67 s. Na.shville, 717 W. Garrettsville, pv.. Nelson t., Portage co., O., 86 .\. E. Columbus, 349 W. Garysburgh, p v., Northampton co., N. C, 93 N. E. Raleigh, 201 W. Situated at the junction of the Portsmouth and Roanoke railroad with the Petersburgh and Roanoke railroad. Garysvili.e, p o.. Prince George cc, Va., 38 s. E. Richmond, 157 W. Gasco.vade, r.. Mo., rises in Pulaski co., and after a course of 140 ms., affording e.xtensive water power, enters the Mis.«ouri on the s. side, in Gasconade co., 100 ms. from its mouth. Gasconade, county, Mo. Situated in the cen- tral part of the state, and contains 400 sq. ms. The surface is uneven and broken ; but on the level land the soil is good, and on the rivers very fertile. Iron ore and sulphur are found in abun- dance, and saltpetre in caves. Limestone, and a good substitute for burr, used in millstones, are found. Drained by branches of Gasconade r. and Bourbeuse cr. Capital, Hermon. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,590, sheep 3,470, swine 10,971 ; wheat 7,149 bush, produced, Ind. com 136,830, oats 10,818, potatoes 6,973, tobacco 21,623 pounds; 18 stores, cap. $25,510. Pop. whites 4,937, slaves 342, free col'd 1 ; total, 5,330. Gasconade, p-v., Gasconade cc. Mo., 36 s. by E. Jefferson city, 900 W. Situated on the e. side of Gasconade r. Gasparilla Sound, Flor., extends from Clini inlet on the w. coast of the peninsula, 6 miles to Charlotte bay, and is about 2 ms. wide. Clini inlet into this sound has 4 feet of water, and Gaspariila inlet h:is 6 feet of water on the bar. Gasto.v, p-v., Northampton co., N. C, 87 n. e. Raleigh, 201 W. Situated on the n. side of Roanoke r., at the termination of the Raleigh and Gaston railroad. Gaston, p o., Sumter co., Ala., 83 s. w. Tus- caloosa, yo7 W. Gasper, t., Preble co., O. Pop. 836. Gate.s, county, N. C. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, bordering on the state of Va., and contains 353 sq. ms. Chowan r. runs on its s. w. border, and Blackwater r. on its w. Capi- tal, Gatesville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,691, sheep 3,102, swine 15,358; wheat 2,951 busli. produced, rye 1,270, Ind. corn 192,815, oats 10,329, potatoes 91,552, cotton 86,591 pounds ; 10 stores, cap. $49,200 ; 89 distilleries, 4 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in raanufac. $6,200. 1 acad. 48 students, 5 sch. 125 scholars. Pop. whites 4,137, slaves 3,642, free col'd 332 ; total, 8,161. Gates, p-t., Monroe co., N. Y., 3 w. Rochester, 225 w. N. w. Albany, 372 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, sandy, gravelly, and clay loam. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 1 tannery, 9 sch. 426 scholars. Pop. 1,728. Gates' Mills, p-v., Mayfield t., Cuyahoga co., , 159 N. N. E. Columbus, 347 W. Situated on ('hagrin r. Organized hi 1835. It has 1 fulling m., 1 carding machine. Pop. about 100. Gatesville, p-v., capital of Gales co., N. C, 214 E. N. E. Raleigh, 253 W. Situated at the forks of Bennett's cr., a small branch of Chowail r. It contains a court house, and several stores and dwellings. Gauley Bridge, p-v., Fayette co., Va., 277 w. Richmond, 314 W. Situated at the falls of the Great Kanawha r. The r. is here 500 yards wide, and has a perpendicular fall of 22 feet. The Kanawha is navigable to this point. It has 2 stores, 1 flouring m., and 2 saw m. The scenery around is exceedingly wild and picturesque. Gauley, r., Va., rises on the w. side of the Alleghany mountains, and flowing a little s. of w., fills into Great Kanawha r. on the n. side, a little above the great falls. Gayhead, po., Greene co., N. Y., 39 s. w. Albany, 351 W. Gaylesville, p-v., Cherokee cc, Ala., 153 N. e. Tuscaloosa, 672 W. Situated on the w. side of the Coosa r. Gaylord's Bridge, p-o., Litchfield co., Ct., 58 w. Hartford, 315 W. Gaysville, p-v., Windsor co., 'Vt., 39 s. by e. Monlpelier, 473 W. Geauga, county, O. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 600 sq. ms. The soil is fertile, and heavily timbered. Watered by the head branches of Cuyahoga and Chagrin rivers. Iron ore is abundant. Capital, Chardon. There were in 1840, neat cattle 20,094, sheep 31,949, svdne 12,467; wheat 92,511 bush, pro- duced, rye 1,297, Ind. com 120,319, buckwheat 3,593, barley 2,553, oats 81,993, potatoes 120,223, sugar 351,710 pounds, 25 stores, cap. $31,875 ; 3 fulling m., 7 tanneries, 21 grist m., 54 saw m., 1 printing office. Cap. in manufac. $27,144. 2 acad. 89 students, 115 sch. 4,796 scholars. Pop 16,297. Gebhart's, p-o., Somerset co., Pa., 148 w. Harrisburg, 174 W. Geddes, p-v., Salina t, Onondaga co., N. Y., 133 w. N. w. Albany. Geiger's Mills, p-o., Berks co., Pa., 62 e. Harrisburg, 140 VV. Ge.vegaxstlet, p-o., Greene t., Chenango co., N. Y., 122 w. Albany, 316 W. Genesee, r., N. Y., rises in Potter co.. Pa., and passing into the state of New York, pursues a northwardly course to Lake Ontario. Its whole course is about 145 ms., 125 of which are in the state of New York. At Rochester, within the distance of 3 miles, it des(>ends by several falls and rapids 226 feet, affording an immense water power. It is navigable for steamboats 4 ms. to Carthage, and above the falls at Rochester, it is boatable for about 20 ms. The Genesee Valley canal passes along and near this river, and is fed by it for a great distance. In the town of Por- tage, Alleghany co., are three falls, one of 60, one of 90, and one of 110 feet, within the space of 2 miles. Along the r. for 3 miles are perpendicu- lar walls of stone 400 feet high, to which depth the r. has worn a channel in the solid rock. Genesee, county, N. Y. Situated toward the w. part of the state, and contains 473 sq. ms. The surface is gently undulating, and the soil is chiefly sandy or gravelly loam, very fertile, adapted alike to grass and to grain. Drained by Allen's, Black, and Tonawanda creeks. Iron ore, water limestone, and salt springs are found. Capital, Batavia. There were hi 1340, neat cattle 55,493,sheep 154,393, swine 43,792: wheat911,59a bush, produced, rye 4,869, Ind. corn 232,576, buckwheat 19,427, barley 85,832, oats 692,172, GEN 232 GEO potatoes G0d,2S8, sugar 530,633 pounds: 2 corn, nouses, cap. $12,000; 136 stores, cap. $35.5,650; 6 furiwce.s, 36 fulling m., 8 woollen fac, 34 tan- nerie.s, 3 distilleries, 1 brewery, 12 lluuring m., 46 grist m., 136 saw m., 2 oil m., 6 printing offi- ces, 7 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $607,538. 13 acad. 1,262 students, 3S0 sch. 14,911 scholars. Pop. 59,587. Genesee, county, Mich., central in the n. e. part of the settled portion of the state, and contains 504 sq. ms. The surface is rolling, and the soil a fertile sandy loam. Watered by Flint and Shiawassee rivers, the former of which affords good water power. Capital, Fhnl. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,16S, sheep 1,007, swine 6,540; wheat 37,397 bush, produced, Ind. com 17,675, oats 26,766, potatoes 41,442, sugar 37,306 pounds; 20 stores, cap. $63,000; 1 distillery, 3 flouring m., 10 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $33,300. 23 sch. 479 scholars. Pop. 4,268. Genesee, t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 20 s. w. Angelica, 280 w. by n. Albany. The surface is elevated and broken, and the soil sandy loam. Watered by Little Genesee and Swan creeks. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,925. 3 sch. 93 scholars. Pop. 578. Genesee, t.. Potter co.. Pa. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,500. 2 sch. 39 scholars. Pop. 127. Genesee, p-t., Genesee co., Mich., 65 n. w. Detroit, .589 W. Flint r. passes centrally through it. It contains a United States land office. Pop. 425. Genesee, t., Milwaukee co.. Wis. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. Pop. 238. Genesee Fort, p-o., Potter co., Pa., 171 n. n. w . Ilarrisburg, 287 W. Gene.see Grove, p o., Whitesides co.. 111. Genesee Vai.lev, p-o.. Amity t., Alleghany CO., N. Y., 272 Albany, 326 W. Geneseo, p-t., capital of Livingston co., N. Y., 230 w. Albany, 347 W. The surface consists of elevated terraces and valleys ; the soil is fertile, particularly on the Genesee r. Watered by small tributaries of the Genesee r. The v. is situated on elevated table land, half a mile e. of Genesee r. Incorporated in 1832. It contains a court house, jail, Hre-proof county clerk's office, 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist — a bank, the Livingston county high school, which has a large 3 story brick building, 10 stores, 120 dwellings, and about 900 inhabit- ants. Tliore are in the 1. 18 stores, cap. $10'J,8jO ; 2 furnaces, 1 tannery, 2 printing offices, 2 week- ly newspapers, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $38,230. 1 acad. 100 students, 15 sch. 764 scholars. Pop. 2,S92. Geneseo, p-v., capital of Henry co., 111., 146 N. N. w. Springfield, 875 W. Geneva, p-v., Seneca t., Ontario co., N. Y. Beautifully situated near the northern extremity of Seneca Lake, on its w. side. In the n. part of the v., the land rises gradually from the land- ing place on the lake shore, until" it attains a com- manding elevation ; anf,, p-v., Edgefield dist., S. C, 32 w. Columbia, 536 W. Germany, t., Adams co., Pa., 10 s. e. Gettys- burg. The surface is level ; soil, calcareous loam and gravel. Drained by Piney cr. on the s., and the head waters of Connewago cr. on the N. It has 7 stores, cap. $26,000 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $1,000 ; 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 brewery, 3 flouring m., 4 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $15,950. 12 sch. 475 scholars. Pop. 1,553. Gerry, p-t., Chautauque co., N. Y., 330 w. Albany, 330 W. The surface is undulating, and the soil gravelly loam, well cultivated. Drained by Cassadaga cr. and its tributaries. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 2 tanneries, 9 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $12,500. 8 sch. 417 scholars. Pop. 1,2S8. Gettysburgh, pb., capital, Adams co., Pa., 35 E. N. e. Harrisburg, 75 W. It is situated at the point where the roads from Philadelphia and jBallimore to Pittsburgh imite. It is on elevated ground, and surrounded by a fine country. The Theological Seminary of the Lutheran Church was established here in 1826. It has 3 profess- ors, 26 students, 130 have completed their edu- cation, and it has 7,000 volumes in its libraries. The public buildings are a court house, jail, county offices, an academy, a bank, 6 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Methodibt, 2 German Lutheran, 1 Roman Catholic, and one Independent. 3 weekly newspapers, 1 of which is in German. It manufactures carriages extensively. The place is supplied by water in pipes from a neighboring spring. The Baltimore and Ohio railroad will come within a little over 8 ms. of the place, and it is designed to meet it by a railroad from this place. The t. has 9 stores, cap. $66,500 ; 1 fur- nace, 2 tanneries, 1 brewery, 1 foundry, 1 pot- tery, 4 printing offices, 3 weekly newspapers, 1 periodical. Cap. in manufac. $32,900. 2 col- leges, 190 students, 1 acad. 42 students, 8 sch. 330 scholars. Pop. 1,908. Gettysburgh, p-v., Preble co., O., 102 w. Columbus, 4y5 W. Ghent, p-t., Columbia co., N. Y., 27 s;. Albany, 351 W. The surface is somewhat broken ; soil, gravelly loam, and well cultivated. Drained by Claverack creek. The v. contains 1 Dutch Re- formed church, 1 store, 20 dwellings, and about 100 inliabitants. There are in the t. 2 stores, cap. $3,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 3 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,500. 1 acad. 33 students, 9 sch. 519 scholars. Pop. 2,558. Ghent, p-v., Carroll co., Ky., 59 n. Frankfort, 543 W. Situated on s. side of Ohio r. Pop. 300. Jackson, 901 Gholson, p-v., Noxubee CO., Mss., 113 n. e. Gholsonville, p-v., Brunswick co., Va., 85 s. Richmond, 201 \V. Situated on the n. bank of Meherin r. Gibbon's Taver.v, p-o., Delaware co., Pa., 92 E. s. e. Harrisburg, 126 W. Gibraltar, p-v., Brownstown t., Wayne co., Mich., 31 s. Detroit, 510 W. »Situated on the w. bank of Detroit r., at its entrance into Lake Erie. It has a good harbor, with an extensive wharf, and a light-house. It contains 2 stores and a large warehouse. The Gibraltar and Clinton canal, a few miles of which are completed, af- fords, by its waste water, a good water power. Gibson, county, Tenn. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 660 square miles. Drained by branches of Obion and Forked Deer creeks. The surface is undulating : soil, fertile. Capital, Trenton. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 12,775, sheep 8,830, swine 55,123; wheat 62,839 bushels produced, rye 2,630, Indian corn 634,595, oats 34,566, potatoes 21,797, tobacco 414,595 pounds, cotton 23. ',014; 14 stores, cap. $100,000; 6 tanneries, 8 distilleries, 15 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,700. 1 acad. 20 students, 24 schools, 520 scholars. Pop. whites 10,612, slaves 2,969, free colored 108 ; total, 13,689. Gibson, county, la. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 450 sq. ms. Surface, undulating. White river runs on its n. border. Drained by Patoka and Big Pigeon creeks. Or- ganized in 1813. Capital, Princeton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,409, sheep 8,945, swine 23,245; wheat 62,611 bush, produced, Ind. corn 490,962, oats 73,620, potatoes 9,940, tobacco 6,690 pounds, sugar 12,365 ; 23 stores, capital $27,560 ; 4 tanneries, 5 flouring m., 10 grist m., 8 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $26,170. 1 acad. 20 students, 17 sch. 486 scholars. Pop. 8,977. Gibson, p-t., Susquehanna co., Pa., 177 n. n. E. Harrisburg, 2S1 W. The surface is hilly; soil, clay and gravel. Watered by Tunkhannock and Lackawannoc creeks. It has 5 stores, cap. $31,500; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,745. 9 sch. 235 scholars. Pop. 1,219. Gibson, t., Washington co., la. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000; 2 grist m., 2 saw m. 1 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 733. GiBso.v, t.. Gasconade co., Mo. Pop. 808. GiBsoNviLLE, p-o., Leicester t., Livingston co., N. Y. Gilbertsborough, p-o.. Limestone co., Ala., 170 N. Tuscaloosa, 749 W. Gilbertsville, p-v.. Butternuts t, Otsego CO., N. Y., 95 w. Albany, 335 W. It contains 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — an academy, 5 stores, 1 oil m., and 1 tannery, 150 dwellings, and about 250 in- habitants. Gilboa, p-v., Broome t., Schoharie co., N. Y., 51 w. Albany, 367 W. Situated on Schoharie cr. It contains 1 church, 3 stores, 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 furnace, 2 tanneries, 35 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Gilead, p-t., Oxford co.. Me., 71 w. Augusta 602 W. Situated on both sides of Androscoggin r., between two mountains. Much of the surface is rough, and fit only for grazing ; but the soil on the river is well adapted to cultivation. Incor- porated in 1804. It has 1 grist m., 1 sch. 34 schol- ars. Pop. 313. Gilead, p-v., Hebron t., Tolland co., Ct., 21e. s. E. Hart'brd, 349 W. It has a handsome Gotliic Episcopal and a Congregational church, and com- mands a fine prospect. GIL 238 GLA GiLEAD, t., Marion co., O. It has 5 slores, cap. $12,000 ; 6 sch. 250 scliolars. Pop. 1,150. GiLEAD, p-v., Weston t.. Wood co., O., 136 n. N. w. Columbus, 474 W. Situated on the s. e. bank of 3Ianmne r., \vhere a great water power can be easily obtained. Small steamboats navi- gate the r. above this place, as far as Fort Wayne, but below, to I'errysburg, it is not navigable. It has .several stores, and about 200 inhabitants. Gile:ai>, p-t.. Branch co., Mich., 12S w. s. w. Detroit, 577 W. It is a fertile township, produc- ing grain and cattle, and has 1 saw'm., 2 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 214. GiLEAP, p-v., Calhoun county. 111., 105 s. w. Springfield, 855 W. Situated at the foot of the bluffs, three fourths of a mile from Salt Prairie slough. GiLE.; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,550. 13 sch. 666 scholars. Pop. 2,072. Gilford Village, p-v., Gilford t., Belknap CO., N. II., 33 N. Concord, 514 W. Pleasantly situated on the outlet of Winnipiseogee lake into Great Bay. Gill, p-t., Franklin co., Mass., 98 w. by n. Boston, 410 W. It is situated on the w. side of Connecticut r. Organized in 1793, from Green- field. It has excellent interval land on a bend in Connecticut r. Fall r. divides it from Green- field. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000; I tannery, Jj grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,990. 6 sch. 217 scholars. Pop. 798. GiLLESPIEVtLLE, p-O., RoSS CO., O., 60 S. Co- lumbus, 3^5 W. GiLLiAMs, p-O., Baker co., Ga., 45 s. s. w.Mil- lcdge\ille, 802 W. GiLLisoxsviLLE, p-O., Beaufort dist., S. C. Gills Mills, p-o., Bath co., Ky., 87 E.Frank- fort, 509 W. Gill'.s Store, p-o., Lincoln CO., Tenn., 84 s. Nashville, 707 W. Gill.sville, p-o.. Hall co., Ga., 131 n. n. w. ftlilledgeville, 630 W. (iiLLMAN's, po., Sumner CO., Tenn., 45 n. e. Nashville, 6S6 W. GiLMAN, p-t., Hamilton co., jN. Y., 63 n. n. w. Albany. The surface is diversified, and most of it is a wilderness. It contains several small lakes, and is mountainous in its n. part. It has 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,,500. 21 scho- lars in sch. Pop. 98. GiL.MANTO.N, p-t., Belknap co., N. H., 20 n. by e. Concord, 501 W. The surface is hilly and rough, and the soil, though hard, is fertile. Wa- tered by Suncook and Soucook rivers. P'irst set- tled in 1761. It has a well endowed and flourish- ing academy, with which the '•Gilmantown The- ological Seminary" is coimected. This seminary was founded in 1835 ; has 3 professors, 26 stu- dents, 21 have completed their education, and it has 2,200 vols, in its libraries. There are in the t., 12 stores, cap. $22,000; 1 cotton fac. 1,000 sp., 4 tanneries, 1 printing office, 7 grist m., 1 1 saw m., I oil m. Cap. in manufac. $59,900. I college, 26 students, 1 acad. 293 students, 23 sch. 1,035 scholars. Pop. 3,485. (iiLM ANTON IiiON WoRKs, p-v., Gilmanton t., Belknap co., N. H., 23 n. Concord, 504 W. Gilmer, county, Ga. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 680 sq. ms. Drained by Coosawatee and Aquokee rivers and their branches. Capital, Ellijay. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,402, sheep 1,014, swine 8,149 ; wheat 4,379 bush, prod., Ind. corn 97,56.), oats 4,940, po- tiiioes 3,885, tobacco 5,648 pounds, cotton 10,5S4; 1 store, capital $2,000 ; 2 sch. 70 scholars. Pop. whites 2,441, slaves 92, free col'd 3 ; total, 2,536. GiLSUM, p-t., Cheshire co., N. H., 56 w. s. w. Concord, 444 W. Situated about 10 e. Connec- ticut r. The soil, in some parts, is fertile. Wa- tered by Ashuelot r. which affords water power. Chartered in 1763. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,300; 3 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in man- uliic. $30,973. 8 sch. 218 scholars. Population, 656. Ginseng, p-o., Logan co., Va., 326 w. N. w. Richmond, 363 W. GiKAKD, p t.. Branch CO., Mich., 110 w. s. w. Detroit, 570 VV. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $1,500. 4 sch. 63 scholars. Pop. 452. GiRARD, p-v., Trumbull co., O., 173 n. e. Co- lumbus, 294 VV. GiRARD, p-t., Erie co.. Pa., 264 n. w. Harris- burg, 337 W. It has 6 stores, cap. $29,200 ; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 10 savvm. Cap. in manufac. $3,200 ; 14 sch. 668 scholars. Pop. 2,660. Girl's Flats, p-o., Tioga t., Tioga co., N. Y., 185 w. s. w. Albany, 231 W. Gladdens Guove, p-o., Fairfield dist., S. C, 43 N. Columbia, 464 W. Glades Cross Roads, p-o., Putnam co., Gia., 31 N. w. Milledgeville, 617 W. Glade Hill, p-o., Franklin co., Va. Glade Run, p-o., Armstrong co., Pa., 184 w. N. w. Hurrisburg, 237 W. GLE 239 GLO Gi.ADE MrLLS, p o., Butler co., Pa., 212 w. n. w. Harrisburg, 219 W. Gl.vde Spring, p-o., Washington co., Va.,232 w. s. w. Richmond, 360 W. Glade Valley, p-o., Alleghany co., Md., 203 w. N. w. Annapolis, 160 W. Gladwin, county, Mich. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 576 sq. ms. Wa- tered by Titlibavvassee r. Unorganized. Glady Creek, p-o., Randolph co., Va., 228 n. w. Richmond, 254 W. Glasco, p-v., Saugerties t., Ulster co., N. Y., 48 s. Albany, 328 W. Situated on the w. side of Hudson river. It has a convenient landing, 3 stores, extensive brick yards, and about 50 dwell- ings. Glasgow, p-v.. New Castle co., Del. Situated on Christiana cr., near its source. Glasgow, p-o., Columbiana co., O., 153 n. e. Columbus, 276 W. Glasgow, p-v., capital of Barren co., Ky., 123 s. w. Frankfort, 616 W. Situated a little e. of Beaver branch of Green r. Glasgow, p-v., Howard co., Mo., 73 n. w. Jef- ferson city, 978 W. Situated on the N. bank of the Missouri r. Glassborough, p-v., Franklin t., Gloucester CO., N. J., 47 s. by w. Trenton, 158 W. It con- tains an Episcopal and a Methodist church, 2 stores, 2 glass fac, and about 35 dwellings. Glastenbury, p-t., Hartford co., Ct., 6 s. by E. Hartford, 333 W. Situated on the e. side of Connecticut r. On the r. the soil is very fertile ; to the e. it is rough, but productive. Roaring brook affords water power. It has 7 stores, cap. $18,500 ; 3 fulling m.,4 woollen fac, 2 cotton {-ac. 5,361) sp., 3 forges, 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $214,400; 1 acad. 20 stu- dents, 15 sch. 578 scholars. Pop. 3,077. Glastenbury, t., Bennington co., Vt., 9 n. e. Bennington. Chartered in 1761. It is a rough mountain town, almost incapable of cultivation. It has 2 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 53. Glaze, t.. Miller co.. Mo. Pop. 380. Gle.vatta, p-o., Marion co., Ga., 146 s. w. Mil- ledgeville, 779 W. Glen Brook, p-o., Monroe co., Tenn., 195 e. s. E. iNashville, 553 W. Glenbrook, p-o.. Hart county, Ky., 109 s. w. Frankfort, 626 W. Glenburn, p-t., Penobscot co.. Me., 77 n. e. Augusta, 672 W. It is situated on both sides of Kenduskeae stream, at the great bend, and has a good soil, adapted to grain. It has water power, which has not been much improved. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 9 sch. 271 scholars. Pop. 664. Glen Cove, p-v., Oysterbay t.. Queens co., N. Y., 176 s. by e. Albany. Situated at the head of a cove of the same name, on the e. side of Hempstead harbor. It contains an Elpiscopal church, an academy, several stores, and a grist m. A steamboat generally plies between it and New York, and it is much resorted to during the summer months. Glenfinlas, p-o., Jefferson co.. Mo., 122 e. Jefferson city, 862 W. Glenham, p-v., Fishkill t., Dutchess co., N. Y., 83 s. Albany, 239 W. This flourishing manufac- turing village is situated on Fishkill cr., 3 ms. e. of its entrance into Hudson r. It contains 2 churches, 2 stores, a woollen fac, wliich con- sumes 200,000 pounds of wool annually, produ- cing broadcloths and cassimeres of the finest qual- ity, employing 100 workmen ; 60 dwellings, and about 500 inhabitants. Glenn, p-t., Montgomery co., N. Y., 43 w. n. i w. Albany, 403 W. The surface is hilly; .soil, loam, ml.\cd with clay. Drained by Schoharie cr., a tributary of the Mohawk, which latter runs on its N. border. The Erie canal passes through the t. It has 10 stores, cap. $43,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,500. 10 sch. 310 scholars. Pop. 3,078. Glenn Connel, p-o., Cambria co.. Pa. Glenn's, p-o., Gloucester co., Va., 87 e. Rich- mond, 155 W. Glenn's Falls, p-v., Queensbury t., Warren CO., N. Y., 54 N. Albany, 427 W. Situated on the N. side of Hudson r. Incorporated in 1839. It contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Bap- ^ tist, and 1 Methodist — an academy, a female seminary, 30 stores, 1 grist m., 4 saw m., 3 of which have 25 saws each, 4 marble mills, with 275 saws, 1 plaster m., 1 furnace, 3 machine shops, 1 marble fac, 2 tanneries, 225 dwellings, and about 1,800 inhabitants. The finest black marble is found here. The falls on the Hudson at this place have a total descent of 50 feet, af- fording much picturesque scenery, and very extensive water power. A bridge, 500 feet long, crosses Hudson r. at the falls. The feeder of the Champlain canal leaves the r. 2 ms. above, and unites with the canal a few ms. e., and affords a navigable communication with the canal and its connected waters. Glenn Springs, p-o., Spartanburg dist., S. C, 86 N. w. Columbia, 480 W. Glennville, p-t., Schenectady co., N. Y., 4 w. Schenectady, 30 w. Albany, 470 W. Sur- face is uneven, and the soil a sandy loam. The Mohawk r. runs on its s. border, and Aelplass cr. through its E. part, where it enters the Mohawk r. The v. has 1 church, 1 store, and 12 or 15 dwellings. There are in the t. 5 stores, capital $3,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,200. 10 sch. 393 scholars. - Pop. 3,063. Glen Wild, p-o., Thompson t., Sullivan co., N. Y., 102 s. w. Albany, 304 W. Globe, p-o., Caldwell co., N. C, 220 w. Ra- leigh, 403 W. Gloucester, county, N. J., in the s. w. part of the state, has Delaware r. on its n. w. bound- ary. It contains 530 sq. miles. The lands along the Delaware are highly cultivated, producing excellent fruit and vegetables. Back of this the soil is sandy, and covered with pine, which fur- nishes much timber and wood for exportation. Drained by Cooper's, Big Timber, Mantua, and Racoon creeks, and the head branches of Great Egg Harbor r. Capital, Woodbury. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,484, sheep 9,335, swine 24,311 ; wheat 31,175 bush, produced, rye 97,305, Ind. corn 344,555, buckwheat 26,.571, oats 92,950, hops 777 pounds ; 93 stores, cap. $186,460 ; 3 lumber yards, cap. .$21,000 ; 3 fulling m., 5 wool- len fac, 1 cotton fac, 4 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 11 glass fac, 1 pottery, 2 flouring m., 21 grist m., 53 saw m., 1 oil m., 4 printing offices, 1 periodi- cal, 4 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $692,077. 6 acad. 395 students, 68 sch. 4,256 scholars. Pop. 25,438. Gloucester, county, Va. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 280 sq. ms. Or- ganized in 1652. It has York r. on its s. w. bor- der. Capital, Gloucester C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,778, sheep 4,914, swine 14,162, wheat 56,325 bush, produced, Ind. corn 306,564, barley 2,748, oats 61,775, potatoes 12,767, cotton 8,439 pounds ; 20 stores, cap. $86,600 ; 3 tanner-' ies, 17 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $27,710. 4 acad. 98 students. 10 sch. 216 schol- GLY 240 GOL ars. Pop. whites 4,412, slaves 5,791, free col'd 612; total, 10,715. Gloucester, p-t., and port of entry, Essex co., Mass., 30 N. E. Bo-ston, 470 W. Incorporated in 1639. It has a fine harbor, open at all seasons of the year, and its inhabitants are extensively engaged in navigation and the fi.sheries. Ton- nage of the district 1810, 17,072. The harbor is on the s. side of the peninsula, and on Thatcher's island, on the s. e., are 2 light-houses. A canal is cut across the isthmus w-hich connects the cape with the main land. The almost insular situation of this place makes it a pleasant resort in the summer season. It has 4 commercial ^houses, cap. $107,000; 32 stores, cap. $57,775; 2 lumber yards, cap. $23,000 ; 1 printing office, 1 weekly and 1 semi-weekly newspapers, 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $.52,495. 1 acad. 46 students, 26 sch. 1,238 scholars. Pop. 6,350. (See Rockport.) Gloucester, t.. Providence co., R. I., 16 w. s. w. Providence, 50 e. by n. Hartford, Ct. First settled in 1700. Incorporated in 1730. The sur- face is uneven and rough ; the soil is well adapted to grazing. Watered by Chepatchet r., which affords good water power, and on which is the flourishing manufacturing village of Chepatchet. There are in the t. 1 1 stores, cap. $20,300 ; 2 cot- ton fac. 1,668 sp., 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $43,600. 24 sch. 596 schol- ars. Pop. 2,304. Gloucester, t., Gloucester co., N. J., 10 s. e. Woodbury. The surface is level, and the soil sand, more or less mixed with loam. The n. part produces vegetables and fruit, and the s. part consists chiefly of pine forest. Drained by Coop- er's and Big Timl)er creeks. It has 13 stores, cap. $18,400; 2 tanneries, 4 glass fac, 2 flouring m., 3 grist m., 1 1 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $77,650. 10 sch. 298 scholars. Pop. 2,837. Gloucester, C. H., p-v., capital of Gloucester CO., Va., 85 E. Richmond, 170 W. It contains a court house, jail, clerk's office, an academy for males, and another for females, 4 stores, and 126 inhabitants. There are 8 churches within the circumference of 14 miles round the court house, 2 Episcopal, 2 Baptist, and 4 Methodist. Gloucester Furnace, p-v., Mullica t., Atlan- tic CO., N. J., 74 s. Trenton, 184 W. It contains a store, 1 large furnace, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., and 300 inhabitants. The furnace produces 800 tons annually, chiefly of castings. Glover, p-t., Orleans co., Vt., 39 N. n. e. Montpelier, 550 W. The surface is hilly, and the soil adapted chiefly to grazing. Watered by the head branches of Barton's, Pasumpsic, Lamoille, and Black rivers. It has 1 store, cap. $S,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,200. 10 sch. 232 scholars. Pop. 1,119. Gloversville, p-v., Johnstovm t., Fulton co., N. Y., 40 i\. w. Albany, 413 W. It contains 2 churches, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw ni.,50 dwell- ings, and about 350 inhabitants. Buckskin gloves, mittens, and moccasins, are extensively manufac- tured here. Gly.nn, county, Ga. Situated in the s. e. part of the stale, and contains 625 sq. ms. Altamaha r. rims on its n. e. border, and Scilla r. runs on its s. border. Watered by Turtle r. and Buf- falo creek, its main tributary. It has the At- lantic E., and St. Simon's and Jykill islands on its coast. The surface is level, and some of it is too low for cultivation. Capital, Brunswick. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,320, sheep 692, swine 1,980; Ind. corn 40,520 bush, produced, potatoes 39,410, rice 1,937,200 pounas, cotton 2,322,000, sugar 22,000 ; 9 stores, cap. $45,000 ; 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $42,050. 1 acad. 40 students. Pop. whites 891, slaves 4,409, free col'd 2 ; total, 5,302. Gnadenhutton, p-v.. Clay t., Tuscarawas co., O., 105 E. N. E. Columbus, 312 W. Situated on the E. bank of Tuscarawas r. Originally settled by Moravians. The Erie and Ohio canal is about a mile vv. of the v., on the opposite side of the river. It contains 1 Moravian church, 2 stores, 1 steam saw m., and about 25 dwellings. Goat Island, or Iris island, N. Y. Situated in Niagara r., at the great falls, dividing the wa- ters which descend over this mighty cataract. It contains about 75 acres, and is 1 mile in circum- ference, mostly covered with forest. (See Niagara Falls.) GoBLENTOWN, p-v., Patrick co., Va., 208 w. s. w. Richmond, 283 W. GoDDARD, p-0., Rush CO., la., 45 E. s. e. In- dianapolis, 543 W. Godfrey, p-o., Madison co., 111., 86 s. Spring- field, 812 VV. Goff's Corners, p-o., Cumberland co.. Me., 32 s. w. Augusta, 576 W. Goff's >fiLLS, p-o., Howard t., Steuben co., N. Y., 228 w. by s. Albany, 308 W. GoFFSTOWN, p-t., Hillsborough co., N. H., 16 s. Concord, 468 W. The surface is generally level, with a few elevations ; and the soil fertile, and easily cultivated. Drained by Piscataquoag r., which affords water power, and a tributary of the Merrimac, which runs on its E. border. Amos- keag falls, in the Merrimac, are opposite to this town, where the r. descends 48 feet 3 inches in half a mile, around which is a canal. It has 8 stores, cap. $22,050 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 3 cotton fac 6,000 sp., 3 tanneries, 3 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $119,515. 1 acad. 45 students, 11 sch. 815 scholars. Pop. 2,376. GoLANDsviLLE, p-o., Caroline Co., Va., 33 n. Richmond, 90 W. It has a pleasant and healthful situation, and contains 1 store, 1 tannery, 1 flour- ing m., 1 grist m., 1 saw m., several mechanic shops, and about 85 inhabitants. There are 2 mineral springs in the neighborhood. GoLCONDA, p-v., capital, Pope co.. 111., 215 s. s. E. Springfield, 796 W. Situated on the s. side of Lusk cr., on the n. bank of Ohio r. It contains a brick court house, 4 stores, and about25 dwellings. GoLDF.N, p-o., Baltimore co., Md., 44 n. Aimap- olis, 54 W. Golden Hill, p-o., Dorchester co., Md. Golden Grove, p-o., Greenville dist., S. C, 121 w. N. w. Columbia, 516 W. Golden's Bridge, p-o., Lewisboro' t., West- chester CO., N. Y., 120 s. by e. Albany, 278 W. GoLDE.N Springs, p-o., Anderson dist., S. C, 131 w. N. w. Columbia, 527 W. Golden Valley, p-o., Rutherford co., N. C, 217 w. s. w. Raleigh, 447 W. Gold Hill, p-o., Meriwether co., Ga., 116 w. Milledgeville, 734 W. Gold Hill, p-o., Chambers co., Ala., 159 e. s. e. Tuscaloosa, 780 W. Gold Mine, p-o., Chesterfield dist., S. C, 99 N. E. Columbia, 458 W. GoLDSBORoiTGH, p-t., Hancock co., Me., Ill E. Augusta, 693 W. Incorporated in 1789. It con- sists chiefly of a peninsula, with the Atlantic ocean on the s., Goldsborough bay on the e., and Frenchman's bay on the w. It is finely situated for navigation, having Prospect harbor, which is spacious and easy of access, in its s. e. part. It has other good harbors. It contains 3 stores, cap. $4,700 ; 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $40,210. 10 sch. 227 scholars. Pop. 1,198 GOR 241 GOS GoLDSBOROOGH, p-v., Wayne co., N. C, 51 s. E. Raleigh, 2S1 W. Goochland, county, Va. Central in the e. part of the statL^, and contains 330 sq. ms. James r. runs on lis s. border. The surface is undu- lating, and in some places broken ; the soil is various, and much of it exhausted, though natu- rally good. Drained by Tuckahoe cr., Dover cr., Byrd or., and other small streams, several of which afTord water power. Coal, of an excellent quality, and also gold, have been found in the co.. Capital, Goochland C. H. There were in ISIO, neat cattle 5,727, sheep 5,364, swine H.377; wheat 79,617 bush, produced, Ind. corn 259,030, oats 170,023, potatoes 10,3 i6, bituminous co.il 433,000, tobacco 4,501,695 pounds, cotton 4,6.S9 ; value of gold produced $1,8J0; 22 stores, cap. $S0,3 )0 ; 4 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 2 flouring m., 22 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,470. 9 sch. 139 scholars. Pop. whites 3,570, slaves 5,500, free col'd 690 ; total 9,769. Goochland, C H., p v., capital of Goochland CO., Va., 30 w. N. w. Richmond, 139 W. Situa- ted 1 mile north of James r. It contains a court house, jail, a store, and several dwellings. Gooch's Mills, p-o., Cooper co., Mo., 42 n. w. Jefferson city, 963 W. Goodall's, p-o., Hanover co., Va., 13 n. Rich- mond, 117 W. Goodbar's. p-o., Overton co., Tenn., 101 e. Nashville, 613 W. Good Ground, p-v., Southampton t., Suffolk CO., N. Y., 242 s. E. Albany, 32i W. It contains 1 Methodist church, and 6 or 8 dwellings. Good Hope, t., Hocking co., O. It contains 2 paper mills. Pop. 469. Good Hope, p o., Walton co., Ga., 75 n. n. w. Milledgeville, 629 W. Good Hope, p-o., Noble co., la., 149 n. n. e. Indianapolis, 5 Si W. Good Intent, p-o., Gloucester co., N. J., 41 s. w. Trenton, 151 W. Good Intent, p-o., Washington co.. Pa., 231 w. Harrisburg, 249 W. Good Luck, p-o.. Prince George's co., Md., 43 s. w. Annapolis, 15 W. Good Spring, p-o., Williamson co., Tenn., 13 s. Nashville, 697 W. Goodwin's Mills, York co., Me., 73 s. w. Augusia, 524 W. Goodwynsvillr, p-o., Dinvviddie co., Va., 46 s. Richmond, 165 W. Goose Creek, p-o.. Smith co., Tenn., 56 e. Nashville, 653 W. Goose, cr., Va., a br.uich of Roanoke r., rises in the Blue Ridge, 5 s. w. of the Peaks of Otter, and after a course of over 30 ms., enters the Roanoke, in Campbell co. Goose Pond, p-o., Oglethorpe co., Ga., 101 n. Milledgeville, 593 W. GoodE River, p-o., Waldo co., Me., 44 e. Au- gtista, 639 W. GoRDONSViLLE, p-v.. Orange co., Va., 74 n. w. Richmond, 104 W. Situated at the e. foot of s. w. mountain, on the sources of North Anna r., and at the \v. termination of the Louisa railroad, 50 s. w. by w. Fredericksburg. It has a store and several dwellings. GoRDONsviLLE, p-0., Smith CO., Tenn., 58 e. Nashville, 63:* VV. Gordontox, p-o.. Person co., N. C, 64 Ra- leigh, 268 W. GoRDONviLLE, p-o.. Brown co., O., 99 s. w. Columbus, 472 W. GoRiiA.M, p-t., Cumberland co., Me., 60 s. w. Augusta, 541 W. First settled in 1736. The soil Ls excellent, and well cultivated. It has a 31 well endowed and flourishing academy, and con- tains 1 tannery, 1 powder m., 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. ,$13,920. 1 acad. 399 stu- dents, 23 sch. 1,160 scholars. Pop. 3,001. Gorham, p-t., Coos CO., N. H., 197 n. Concord, 536 W. It has a rough surface, lying at the base of the White mountains on the n. side, and the soil is unproductive. Incorporated in 1836. Drained by several small tributaries of Andros- coggin r. It has 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,559. 2 sch. 44 scholars. Pop. 156. GoRHA.M, p-t., Ontario co., N. Y., 197 w. Al- bany, 310 VV. The surface is undulating ; and the soil, fertile and well cultivated. Drained by Flint cr., and small tributaries of Canandaigua lake. It contains several sm.ill villages. It has 3 stores, cap. $7,009 ; 3 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,015. 1 acad. 120 students, 21 sch. 923 scholars. Pop. 2,779. GoRHAM, p-t., Lucas CO., O., 180 n. w. Colum- bus, 511 W. Situated on the n. border of the state. Drained by Tiffin's r. It has 3 sch. 95 scholars. Pop. 3 13. Gorntos, p-o., Lowndes co., Ga., 286 s. Mil- ledgeville, 901 W. Gorton, p-o., Carroll co., O., 133 e. n. e. Co- lumbus, 291 W. Goshen, p-t., Sullivan co., N. H., 40 w. by n. Concord, 489 W. Sunapee mountain lies in its s. E. part. Drained by branches of Sugar r., a tributary of Connecticut r. The soil is well adapted to grazing. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $2,045. 10 sch. 267 scholars. Pop. 779. Goshen, p-t., Hampshire co., Mass., 12 n. w. Northampton, 105 w. by x. Boston, 393 W. The surface is mountainous. Some minerals, as emeralds, lead, and tin, are found here. It has 1 store, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,000. 5 sch. 204 scholars. Pop. 556. Goshen, p-t., Litchfield co., Ct., 6 x. Litchfield, 33 w. by .\. Hartford, 332 W. The surface is elevated, and moderately uneven, and it is a fine grazing town, with some of the largest dairies in the state. It has 5 stores, cap. $59,009 ; 5 tanne- ries, 1 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. .$32,770. 1 ac id. 50 students, 15 sch. 426 schol- ars. Pop. 1,529. GosHKX, t., Addison co , Vt., 31 s. w. Montpe- lier. The surface is mountainous, with some good land. Watered by Leicester r. Iron ore and oxide of manganese are found. Chartered in 1792, rechartered in 1798. It has 6 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $3,100. 7 sch. 2S0 scholars. Pop. 621. Goshen, p-t., semi-capital of Orange co., N. Y., 105 s. by w. Albany, 278 W. The surface is hilly, with some extensive flats. The soil is a fertile loam, specially adapted to grazing. Great quantities of excellent butter are produced here for the ISew York city market, where it is in high repute. The v. is situated on a plain, and was incorporated in 1809. It contains a court house, jail, county clerk's office, bank, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Episcopal church, 15 stores, 1 tannery, a flourishing academy, with a female seminary connected, 159 dwellings, and about 900 inhabit- ants. The New York and Erie railroad is com- pleted from Piermont, on the Hudson r., 45 ms. to this place. There are in the t. 22 stores, cap. $29,045; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers, 4 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $42,100. 5 acad. 306 students, 12 sch. 425 scholars. Pop. 3,889. GOS 242 GRA Goshen, p v., Middle t., ("ape ^lay co., N. J 89 s. Trenlon, VJJ W. Situated near the head of navigation, on Goshen cr., 3 ms. from its en- trance into Delaware bay. Goshen, p-v., Lancaster co., Pa., 53 e. s. e. Harrisburg, 93 W. Goshen, t., Tuscarawas co., O. It lies on both sides of Tuscarawas r., and contain.s the villages of New Philadelphia and Lockport. It has 9 stores, cap. $13,900 ; 2 tanneries, 1 pottery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 llouring m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $56,500. 11 sell. 732 scholars. Pop. 1,SS5. Goshen, p-t., Clermont co., O., 100 s. w. Co- lumbus, 472 W. It is a valu:ible agricultural t. The V. contains 2 brick churches — 1 Preshyle nan and 1 Methodist — several mills moved by horse power, 15 or 20 mechanic shops, 60 dwel- lings, and about 300 inhabitants. A Macadam- ized road connects it with Cincinnati. Tlie t. contains 4 stores, cap. §5,553 ; 1 tannery. Cap. in manufac. .$3,703. 1 acad. 31 students, 1 sell. 40 scholars. Pop. 1,142. Goshen, t., Allen co., O. Pop. 236. Goshen, t., Belmont co., O. The surface is uneven, and the soil is good. Watered by head branches of Cipiina and McMihon's creeks, which afford water power. It has 3 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 1,8S0. Goshen, t.. Champaign co., O. It contains the V. of 31ecliaiiicsburg. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,00J; 2 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 3 saw m., 6 sch. 136 scholars. Pop. 1,107. GosFiEN, t., Columbiana co., O. Situated a few miles n. vv. New Lisbon, and contains a part of the V. of Damascus. It has 5 sch. 185 scholars. Pop. 1,392. Goshen, t., Hardin co., O. It has 1 tannery, 1 saw m., 3 sch. 105 scholars. Pop. 550. Goshen, pv., Lincoln co., Ga., 5:) N. E. Mil- ledgeville, 93 W. It contains a Baptist church, an academy, and about 12 dwellings. Goshen, p-v., Benton co., Ala., 157 s. e. Tus- caloosa, 690 W. Goshen, p-v., capital of Elkhart co., la., 152 n. by E. Indianapolis, G9J W. Situated on e. side of Elkhart r. It contains a court house, jail, and several stores and dwellings. Goshen, p-v., Putnam co., 111. Goshen, t , Macon co.. 3Io. Pop. 718. Goshen Mh>ls, p-o., Montgomery co., Md., 61 w. N. w. Annapolis, 33 W. Goshen Hili,, p o., Union dist., S. C, 53 n. W. Columbia, 430 W. GosHENViLLE, p-o., Chester co.. Pa., 77 e. s. E. Harrisburg, 122 \V. GospoRT, t., Rockingham co., N. H. It in- cludes the Isles of Shoals, 7 in number, 8 miles from Portsmouth, in the Atlantic. A sea wall connects Star i.sle with Smutty isle, built at the expense of the U. States government, forming a safe harbor on the n. w. side. The islands are inhabited chiefly by fishermen. It has $1,500 invested ui the fisheries. 1 sell. 50 scholars. Pop. 115. GospoRT, v., Norfolk co., Va. Situated in the S. extremity of the village of Portsmouth, opposite to Norfolk, on the s. side of Elizabeth r. The United States have here an extensive navy yard, and a large and expensive dry dock, capable of receiving a seventy-four gun ship. GosFORT, p-o., Clarke co., Ala., 144 s. Tusca- loosa, 936 W. Situated on the w. side of the Alabama river. GospoRT, p-v., Owen co., la., 42 s. w. Indian- apolis, G13 W'. Situated on w. side of White r. It has 2 stores, and about 75 inhabitants. GouvERNEiiR, p-t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 131 N. w. Albany, 450 W. The surface is gen- erally level, and the soil fertile. Watered by Oswegatchie river. The v. is situated on Oswe- gatchie r., and contains 2 churches, 4 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., the "Gouverneur Wesleyan Seminary," 63 dwellings, and about 450 inhabit- ants. There are in the t., 3 stores, cap. $10,700; 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,200. 1 acad. 213 students, 12 sch. 3^2 scholars. Pop. 2,533. GovENSTOWN, p-v., Baltimore co., Md., 31 n. Annapolis, 44 W. Governors Isi^and, N. Y., is situated in the h:irbor of New York, 3,200 feet s. of the Battery, and contains 70 acres of ground, belonging to the United States. It contains Castle Williams, on the N. w. point of the island, a round tower 600 feet in circumference and 6J feet high, with 3 tiers of guns ; ("ort Columbus on the summit of the island, in the form of a star, mounting 105 heavy cannon, and a battery on the s. w. part, commanding the entrance through Buttermilk channel. The above fortifications, when fully garrisoned, would require 800 men. There are extensive barracks, with houses for the officers, occupied by a small garrison. GowANUs, v., Brooklyn, Kings co., N. Y. It consists of a scattered settlement around Gowan- nus bay, in the s. part of Brooklyn. On the higli ground to the e., is the Greenwood Cemetery, consisting of 200 acres of ground, which is highly picturesque, and affords extensive and beautiful views. It is designed to be appropriately orna- mented. The v. contains 3 churches, 1 store, and 3 J or 40 dwellings. GooDEYsviLLE, p-0., Union dist., S. C, 81 n. w. Columbia, 45J W. GowENsviLi.E, p-v., Spartanburg dist., S. C, 133 N. w. Columbia, 477 W. Graceham, p-v., Frederick co., Md., 87 n. w. Annapolis, 53 W. Grafton, county, N. H. Situated toward the N. w. part of the state, is bounded w. by Con- necticut r., and contains 1,740 sq. ms. Watered by Pemigewasset and Lower Ammonoosuck riv- ers, and smaller streams. Squam and Newfound lakes are considerable bodies of w'ater, the for- mer of which lies partly in Carroll co., and presents much picturesque scenery. The surface is mountainous, but contains much good land. Organized in 1771. Capital, Haverhill. There were in 1810, neat cattle 49,996, sheep 174,664, swine 26,0 10 ; vvlieat 103,231 bush, produced, rye 49,364, Ind. corn 135,683, buckwheat 25,991, bar- ley 7,193, oats 332,5S1, potatoes 1,191,518, sugar 310,477 pounds ; 99 stores, cap. $333,830 ; 1 fur- nace, 1 forge, 31 fulling m., 13 woollen fac, 36 tanneries, 5 potteries, 57 grist m., 196 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 paper fac, 3 printing offices, 2 binderies, 1 periodical, 2 weekly newspapers. Capital in manufac. $673,761. 1 college, 404 students, 6 acad. 476 students, 369 sch. 14,047 scholars. Fop, 42,311. (iRAFTON, p-t, Grafton co., N. H., 33 n. w. Concord, 504 W. The surface is hilly or moun- tainous, and the soil rocky, with some good land. Glass mountain, which on one side ri.ses nearly perpendicularly 150 feet, furnishes mica, or isin- glass, which is procured in plates 6inchessquare or more, and is exported. It has 3 stores, cap. $6,200 ; 1 fulhng m., 3 grist m., 9 saw m., 11 sen. 455 scholars. Pop. 1,201. Grafton, p-t., Windham co., Vt., 109 s. Mont- pelier, 456 W. The surface is uneven, and the soil is productive. Watered by Sexton's and Williams's rivers. Soapstone of a fine quality is GRA 243 GRA extensively found, and wrought and exponed. It lias 3 stores, cap. f ,1,5'JO ; 3 fulling m., "2 woollen fuc, 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,735. 13 sch. 436 scholars. Fop. 1,326. GR.4FTON, p-t, Worcester co., Mass., 36 s. \y. by w. Boston, 406 W. It has an excellent soil, and a fine location. Watered by Blackstone r., which, with a tributary, affords water power. The Boston and Worcester railroad passes through its n. part, and the Blackstone canal through its s. w. corner. It has 6 stores, cap. $23,0 JO ; 4 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 5 cotton fac. 22,93',) sp., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $130,400. 10 sch. 468 scholars. Pop. 2,913. Grafton, p-t., Rens.selaer co., N. Y., 29 n. e. Albany, 390 W. The surface is hilly, and the soil a clay loam, with a heavy natural growth of limber. Watered by Poeston kill, and other small streams. There are in the t., 1 gri-st m., 13 saw m., 4 oil m., 12 sch. 398 scholars. Pop. 2,019. Graftox, p-t., Loraine co., O., 118 n. n. e. Co- lumbus, 363 W. It has 4 sch. 164 scholars. Pop. 713. GiiAFTON, p-v., Jersey co., 111., 85 s. by w. Springfield, 826 W. Graham, p-o., Minisink t.. Orange co., N. Y. Graham's Forge, p-o., Lincoln co., N. C. Graham's Station, p-v., Sutton t., Meigs co., O., 103 s. E. Columbus, 333 W. Graham's Turn Out, p-o., Barnwell dist., S. C, 81 s. s. w. Columbia, 5 i7 W. Grahamsville, p-o., Neversink t., Sullivan CO., N. Y., 96 s. by w. Albany, 312 W. Grahamsville, p-v., Beaufort dist., S. C, 144 s. Columbia, 629 W. Grahamsville, p-o., Yorkco., Pa., 45 s. Har- risburg, 95 W. Grampian Hills, p-o., Clearfield co., Pa., 138 N. w. Harrisburg, 23 J W. Granger, county, Tenn. Situated toward the E. part of the state, and contains 321 sq. miles. Clinch r. runs on its n. w. border, and Ilolsion r. runs through and along the s. e. part. The sur- face is hilly and rough, but along the rivers is fine land. A ridge of hills extends through the county, between the rivers. Capital, Rutledge. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,233, sheep '.», 1 IJ, swine 30,263 ; wheat 5;),40J bush, produced, rye 1,166, Ind. corn 391,015, oats 121,92^, potatoes 10,920, tobacco 21,495 pounds, cotton 12,701, su- gar 13,424; 13 .stores, cap. $91,000; 1 forge, 3 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 128 sp., 10 tanneries, 42 distilleries, 7 flouring m., 25 grist m., 20 saw tn., 2 oil in., 1 paper fac. Cap. in manufactures, $67,3 <5. 12 schools 196 scholars. Pop- ulation, whiles 9,521, slaves 917, free col'd 134; total, 10,572. Granby, t., Essex co., Vt. This t. was char- tered in 1761, and was first settled in 1 00 ; and during a succession of cold seasons, following the year 1810, it was nearly abandoned, but has since been resettled. Watered by head branches of Paul's stream, and of Moose r. The country around is thinly settled. It has 2 sch. 43 schol- ars. Pop. 105. Granby, p-t., Hampshire co., Mass., 9 s. e. Northampton, 85 w. by s. Boston. 375 W. In- corporated in 1763. The soil is adapted to graz- ing. It has some woollen manufactures. Cop- per ore is said to be found here. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000; 2 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 3 saw m! Cap. in manufac. $19,665. 6 sch. 230 scholars Pop. 971. Granby, p-t., Hartford co., Ct., 16 n. n. w. Hart- ford, 352 'W. Incorporated in 1736. In tliis t. are Simsbury copper mines, formerly wrought, but afterwards occupied as the Connecticut state prison. The pit or cavern, 50 feet deep, was the place of nocturnal confinement ; but this misera- ble hole has been exchanged for a fine state pris- on at Wethersfield. Watered by Farmington r. and its branches. The .surface is hilly and rough, but it has some good land, and 2 pleasant villages. It has 6 stores, cap. §31,500 ; 2 fulling m., 1 wool- len fac, 3 tanneries, 18 distilleries, 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in maiuifac. $83,200. 2 acad. 27 students, 14 sch. 360 scholars. Pop. 2,611. Granby, p-t., Oswego co., N. Y., 153 w. n. w. Albany. The surface is undulating, and the soil a sandy loam, with heavy timber of pine, oak, maple, beech, &c. Watered by Oswego r. and some smaller streams. It has 2 stores, capital $7,000 ; 1 tannery, 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,405. 16 sch. 696 scholars. Pop. 2,385. Granby, p o.. Licking co., O., 33 e. by n. Co- lumbus, 391 W. Grand, p-t., Marion co., O., 58 n. by w. Co- lumbus, 429 W. Grand post-office is situated at Burlington v. in Grand t. This v. contains 2 stores, about 35 dwellings, and 175 inhabitants. There are in the t., 2 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 4 tan- neries, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,050. 4 sch. 160 scholars. Pop. 605. Grand Blanc, p-t., Genesee co., Mich., 53 N. w. Detroit, 577 W. It has 4 stores, 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,700. Pop. 782. Grand Cove, p-o., Natchitoches par.. La. Grand Coteau, p-o., St. Landry par., La., 205 w. New Orleans, 1,251 W. Grand Detour, p-v.. Ogle co.. III., 167 n. Springfield, 827 W. Situated on the e. side of Rock r. It contains 1 church, and several stores and dwellings. Grand Gulf, p-v., Claiborne co.. Miss., 65 s. by w. Jackson, 1,073 W. Situated on Grand Gulf, a remark;ib!e bend in the Mississippi r., 50 ms. by road above Natchez, and 360 by the river above New Orleans. It contains 2 churches — 1 Pre.'-byterian and 1 Methodist — 26 stores, a bank, town hall, market house, hospital, masonic hall, theatre, 1 cotton press, 1 iron foundry, 2 steam saw m., 200 dwellings, and 1,000 inhabitants. Grand Haven, p-v., Ottawa I., capital of Ot- tawa CO., Mich., 213 w. by n. Detroit, 694 W. Situated on the s. bank of Grand r., one fourth of a mile from its entrance into Lake 3Iichigan, between which and the lake are sand hills. It has a court house, used also as a church and for schools, 3 stores, 5 large ware or forwarding houses, 1 tannery, and 2 steam savvm. A steam- boat of 103 tons plies between this place and Grand Rapids. Several sloops are owned here. Steamboats and vessels from Chicago to Detroit touch here on their passage. It has the best har- bor on this side of the peninsula, with a depth of from 15 to 30 feet, and never less than 12 feet. Grand Isle, county, Vt., in the n. w. part of the state, contains about 80 .sq. ms. It consists chiefly of 2 large islands in Lake Champlain, and the town of Alburg, situated on a point of land projecting into Lake Champlain from Canada. The surface is moderately swelling, and the soil very fertile, and well cultivated. Organized in 1802. Capital, North Hero. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,463, sheep 27,451, swine 3,179; wheat 21,430 bush, produced, rye 9,504, Ind corn 13,816, buckwheat 9,2 !6, barley 1,655, oats 43,43,1, potatoes 76,408, sugar 34,478 pounds ; 8 stores, cap. $13,100; 4 tanneries, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,430. 26 sch. 1,601 scholars. Pop. 3,883. Grand Isle, p-t., Grand Isle co., Vt., 66 N. w. GRA 244 GRA Montpelier, 539 W. This t. consists of the n. half of the largest of 2 hirge islands in Lake Champlaiii. Organized in 1899. Tiie soil is fertile, producing abundant grain and fruits. It has a grist m. on a small mill stream, the only one in the eo. It has a Congregaiioiial and a Methodi.^t church. ^larble and limestone, and rock cry.stals are found here. It has 1 store, cap. $I,"^00; 1 tannery. Pop. 724. Gr.\nd Lsi.anu, Niagara Strait, N. Y., com- prises a part of Tonevvanda t., Erie co., situated m Niagara r., 3 ms. below Black Rock, and ex- tending within 3 ms. of Niagara falls. It is 9 nis. long, and in its widest part, 6 wide. The surface is level, and the soil excellent for grain or grass, and easy ot cultivation. It is chielly covered with a heavy growth of white oak, beech, maple, hickory, elm, ash, black oak, &c. It con- tains 17,3S1 acres, of which 12 or 1,501) are culti- vated. It has an extensive steam grist m., and a steam saw m. with 6 gangs of saws. Grand L.\ke, p o., Chicot co., Ark., 167 s. by E. Little Rock, 1,177 W. Situated on w. side of the Mississippi r., near a lake of the same name. Grand Pass, p-o.. Saline co., Mo., 103 \. n. w. Jefferson city, 1,017 W. Situated 3 s. of Missouri r. Grand Pkairie, t., Marion co., O. It has 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $550. 4 sell. 170 scholars. Pop. 717. Gra.n'd, r., 3Iich. This is the largest river running wholly within the peninsula. Two prin- cipal branches uuite in Jackson co., a little above Jackson v., and it pursues a winding north- wardly ami westwardly course, until it enters Lake Michigan, at (Jrand Haven, in Ottawa co. It is 270 ms. long, and about 60 rods wide at its mouth, admitting vessels drawing 12 feet of water. It is navigable for steamboats 40 miles to the Grand Rapids, and for batleaux 240 miles. Grand, r., Mo., rises in Iowa tcr., and flow- ing s. E. enters the Missouri, 240 ms. from its mouth. It is navigable for boats, 100 miles. Grand River, t., Caldwell co.. Mo. Pop. 302. Grand River, t., Livingston co., Mo. It has 1 sch. 15 scholars. Pop. 173. Grand River, t., Van Bnren co., Mo. It has 2 sch. 55 scholars. Pop. 650. Grand River, t., Carroll co.. Mo. Pop. 1,064. Grand River, t., Henry co., Mo. It has 3 sch. 62 scholars. Pop. 99^. Grand Traverse Bay, is a considerable inlet from Lake Michigan, toward the N. part of the peninsula. Grand View, p-t., Washington co., O., 141 s. E. (Columbus, 278 W. Situated on the Ohio r., 25 ms. above Marietta. The portion on the r. consists of fertile bottoms ; the uplands are broken, and adapted to grazing. It has 2 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 514. Grand View, p-v., Louisa co., Iowa. Grand View, p-v., Edgar co., Ill.,l 14 e. Spring- field, 675 W. Situated near the head waters of Big cr., surrounded by a beautiful and fertile roll- ing prairie. Grandvilt.e, p-v., Kent co., Mich., 175 w.by N. Detroit, 056 W. Situated at the junction of Buck and Rush creeks, and contains 3 stores, 7 saw m., and about 200 inhabitants. Schooners and steamboats of the largest class ascend to this place, and smaller boats as far as the rapids. First settled in 1835. Granger, p-t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 10 n. Angelica, 250 w. by s. Albany. The surface is undulating ; soil, sandy and clay loam. Drained by Geno.vee r. and its branches. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,500 ; 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in man- uia,l,3O0. 11 sch. 452 scholare. Pop. 1,064. Granger, p-t., Medina co., O., 131 n. E.Colum- bus, 347 W. It has 7 sch. 333 scholars. Pop. 956. Granger, p o.. Will co.. ill. (iRANGERSviLi.E, p-o., Saratoga t., Saratoga CO., N. v., 37 N. Albany, 409 VV. (iRANGERVII.LE, p-0., Macou CO., Ga. Grant, county, Ky. Situated in ihe N. part of the state, and contains 184 sq. ms. Drained by Eagle cr., a branch of Kentucky r., which runs through its w. part. Capital, Williamstown. There were in 1810, neal cattle 3,5.)8, sheep 6.233, swhie 12,774; wheat 3i,303 bush, pro- duced, rye 3,532, Ind. corn 244,476, oats 26,3S3, potatoes 6,116, tobacco 248,325 pounds, sugar 25,185; 9 stores, cap. $11,400; 1 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 9 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §25,135. 5 sch. 97 scholars. Pop. whites 3,833, slaves 343, free col'd 6; total, 4,191. Grant, county, la. Central in the n. part of the state, and contains 415 sq. ms. Organized in 1831. The surface is level, and generally cov- ered with timber. Drained by Missisinewa r. and its tributaries, a branch of the Wabash. Capital, Marion. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 5,877, sheep 4,736, swine 18,846; wheat 22,733 bush, produced, Ind. corn 217,543, buck- wheat 1,299, oats 30,707, potatoes 16,030, sugar 50,187 pounds; 11 stores, cap. .§32,900 ; 2 tanne- ries, 1 distillerv, 11 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $27,104. 4 sch. 86 .scholars. Pop. 4,875. Grant, county. Wis. Situated in the s. w. part of the ter., and contains nearly 1,200 sq. ms. It has Wisconsin r. on its n. border, and the 3Iis- sissippi on its w. and s. w. border. The soil is highly productive, and it abounds in lead ore. Drained by Blue, Grant, and Platte rivers. Cap- ital, Lancaster. There were in 1810, neat cattle 4,197, sheep 463, swine 8,645; wheat 10,7.)6 bush, produced, Ind. corn 10 ),055, barley 3,246, oats 65,400, potatoes 74,629, sugar 1,355 pounds ; 32 stores, cap. §74,950; 17 smelting houses, pro- ducing 6,0:i(),3.)0 pounds lead, 1 brewery, 2 flouring m., 3 grist m., 1 1 saw ra. Cap. in manu- fac. §55,471. 10 sch. 333 scholars. Population, 3,926. GRANTitAM, p-t., Sullivan co., N. IT., 54 w. n. w. (^)ncord, 4'^4 W. Croydon mountain lies in the w. part of the t. It has several ponds, from one of which flows a head branch ot Sugar r. The soil is fertile ; the low lands adapted to til- lage, and the mountain to grazing. It contain.s a medicinal spring. It has 1 store, cap. .f!l,000; 1 tannery, 1 grist in., 3 saw m., 7 sch. 350 schol- ars. Pop. 1,1.36. Grant.sroro, p-o., Campbell co., Tenn., 201 Nashville, 507 W. (jiiANT's Creek, p-o., Switzerland co., la., 99 s. E. Indianapolis, 530 W^. Situated on the N. side of the Ohio r. Granville, county, N. C. Situated in the N. parlof the state, and contains 828 sq. ms. Drained by Tar r., and by branches of Roanoke r. and Neuse r. Capital, Oxford. There were in 1840, neat cattle 13,727, sheep 14,234, swine 36,422; wheat 51,938 bush, produced, rye 1,174, Ind corn 556,530, oats 140,905, potatoes 27,06 -J, tobacco 3,918,822 pounds, cotton 479,499 ; 27 .stores, cap. $184,459; 5 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 10 flouring m., 46 grist m., 27 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $99,628. 6 acad. 163 students, IS sch. 225 schol- ars. Pop. whiles 9,309, slaves 8,707, free col'd 801 ; total, 18,817. Granville, p-t., Addison co., Vt., 35 s. s. w. Jlontpelier, 490 W. The surface is mountain- ous. Chartered hi 1780, by the name of Kings- ton. Watered by head branches of Wliite r. GRA 245 GRA one of which has a fall of 100 feet, 50 feet of the lower part being perpendienlar. It has 1 store, cap. $4,000 ; 1 saw m., 7 sch. 255 scholars. Pop. 545. GRANvr^LE, t., Hampden co., Mass., 120 s. hy w. Boston. The surface is elevated, and the soil is fertile. Toward the s. e. part is a pleas- ant v., which contains 2 churches — 1 Congrega- tional and 1 Baptist. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. .$6,700 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 distille- ry, 1 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manuiiac. $1,230. 9 sch. 370 scholars. Pop. 1,414. Ga.wvrLLE, p-t., Washington co., N. Y., 63 N. N. E. Albany, 433 W. The surface is moder- ately uneven and broken ; soil, a fertile clay loam. Drained hy Pawler, r., which flows into Lake Champlain. The v. is situated near the Vermont line, and contains 3 churches — 1 Episco- pal, 1 Methodist, and 1 Friends — 6 stores, 1 viool- ien fac, 1 grist m., and 1 tannery, 90 dwellings, and 500 inhabitants. There are in the t. 8 stores, cap. $55,10J; 3 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 1 cot- ton fac. 1,452 sp., 3 tanneries, 1 pottery, 3 gri.st m., 2 flouring m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $74,630. 2 acad. 150 students, 18 sch. 957 schol- ars. Pop. 3,846. Granville, p-t., Bradford co.. Pa., 147 n.e. Harrisburg, 257 W. It has 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,560. 3 sch. 185 scholars. Pop. 651. Granville, t., Mifflin co.. Pa. It ha.s 1 fur- nace, 2 distilleries, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,245. 7 sch. 185 scholars. Pop. 1,016. Granville, p-t.. Licking co., O., 34 n. e. Co- lumbus, 373 W. This flourishing t. was settled in 18 5, by emigrants from Granville, Mass. The V. is situated on the e. fork of Licking r., and contains 3 churches, 1 male and 2 female acad- emies, 1 bank, 1 foundry, 1 furnace, and 2 mills, 2 acad. 315 students, 1 sch. 200 scholars, 100 dwellings, and 727 inhabitants. One mile e. of the v. is Granville College, a literary and theo- logical institution, under the direction of the Baptists, founded in 1832, has a president, and 4 prole.ssors or other instructors, 20 students, and 3,000 vols, in its libraries. The commencement is on the 2d Wednesday in August. There are in the t. 1 acad. 178 students, 8 sch. 400 scholars. Pop. 1,52 i Granville, p-v., Monongalia co., Va., 298 n. w. Richmond, 220 W. Situated on Dunkard cr., on the w. side of Blonongaha r. It has 1 church, free to all denominations, 3 stores, 2 warehouses, various mechanic shops, 25 dwellings, and about 125 inhabitants. Granville, p-v., Delaware co., la., 68 n. e. Indianapolis, 53J W. On the s. vv. side of the Missisinewa r. Granville, p-v., .Tackson co., Tenn., 64 e. Nashville, 642 W. Situated on the e. bank of the Cumberland r. Granville, p-v., Platte co., Mo. Situated on the E. side of the iMissouri r. Granville, t., Milwaukee co., Wis. It has 1 gri.st ra. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. Pop. 225. Grape Island, p o., Tyler co., Va., 330 n. w. Richmond, 286 W. Grape Grove, p-t., Ray co.. Mo., 154 n. w. Jefferson city, 1,057 W. Pop. 564. Grape Spring, p o., Hamilton co., Tenn., 147 s. e. Nashville, 603 W. Grape Vine, p o., Perry co., Ky., 143 s e Frankfort, 528 W. Grass Hills, p-o., Carroll county, Ky., 50 n. Frankfort, 548 W. Grass Lake, p-t., Jackson co., Mich., 67 s. w. Detroit, 542 W. Situated on the outlet of Grass Lake. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 1 acad. 75 students, 3 sch. 132 scholars. Pop. 1,127. Grass Land, p-o., Harrison co., Va., 249 n. w. Richmond, 238 W. Gr.\ssy Creek, p-o., Pendleton co., Ky., 72 s. E. Franklbrt, 518 W. Grassy Cove, p-o., Bledsoe co., Tenn., 120 e. s. E. Nashville, 553 VV. Grassy Point, p-v., Rockland co., N. Y., 109 s. Albany, 277 W. It has a convenient ste.am- boat landing on the w. side of Hudson r., 1 store, an extensive brick yard, and 12 or 15 dwellings. Grassy Pond, p o., Spartanburg dist., S. C. Grass, r., N. Y., rises in the e. part of St. Law- rence county, and flows northwardly into the St. Lawrence r., on the n. boundary of the state. Gratiot, county, Midi. Situated in the cen- tral part of the state, and contains 576 sq. ms. It has an undulating surface, and a good soil, well limbered, and with pine in the n. part. Watered by Maple and Pine rivers. Unorganized. Gratiot, p-v., Hopewell t., Licking co., O., 42 E. Columbus, 351 W. It is pleasantly situated in an elevated and commanding position, on the na- tional road, and contains 1 brick church, 12 stores, a number of mechanic shops, 1 steam saw m., 1 carding machine, 50 dwellings, and about 250 in- habitants. Gratiot's Grove, p-o., Iowa co.. Wis., 9 w. Madison, 876 W. Gratis, p-t., Preble co., O., 92 w. Columbus, 4S5 W. It has a fertile soil, and is highly culti- vated. Pop. 1,931. Gratitude, p-o., Sussex co., N. J.,74 n. Tren- ton, 231 W. Gratz, p-v., Lykens t., Dauphin co.. Pa., 48 N. Harrisburg, 15H W. It contains 3 stores and about 40 dwellings. Graves, county, Ky. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 660 sq. ms. Surface, level; soil, fertile. Capital, Mayfield. There were in 1340, neat cattle 8,111, sheep 6,781, swine 25,212; wheat 36,719 bush, produced, rye 1,293, Ind. corn 3S6,S40, outs 82,S43, potatoes 12,147, tobacco 464,372 pounds, cotton 123,332; 10 stores, cap. $31,400 ; 1 woollen fac, 4 cotton fac, 3 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 1 pottery, 17 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $31,740. 17 sch. 401 scholars. Pop. whites 6,644, slaves 817, free col'd 4 ; total, 7,465. Grave Creek, p-o., Marshall co., Va., 352 n. w. Richmond, 266 W. Gravel Hill, p-o., Buckingham co., Va., 67 w. Richmond, 249 W. Gravel Hill, p-o., McNairy co., Tenn. Gravel Spring, p-o., Frederick co., Va., 165 N. w. Richmond, 93 \V. Gravelly Hill, p-o., Bladen co., N. C, 121 s. Raleigh, 351 W. Gravesend, t., Kings co., N. Y., 9 s. N. York. The surface is level, having much salt marsh. It has a few sand hills near the sliore. Coney Isl- and lies in front of it, with a full exposure to the Atlantic, and is much resorted to for sea bathing. The V. contains a Dutch Reformed church, and about 15 houses. The t. contains 2 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 2 sch. 86 scholars. Pop. 799. Graves Mt., a conit:al peak, about 800 feet high, in the w. part of Lincoln co., Ga. Graves' Landing, p-o., Lowndes co., Ala., 110 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 850 W. Graves Mill, p o., Madison co., Va., 105 n. w. Richmond, 106 W. Gravi, p-o., Morgan co., Mo., 56 w. Jefferson city, 992 W. Gray, p-t., Cumberland co., Me., 47 s. w. Au- gusta, 561 W. This is a fine farming t. It has 9 GRE 246 GRE stores, cap. $5,00'J ; !i fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 1 grist in., 1 saw ni. Cap. in inanu- fac. $3,500. 11 sell. 702 scholars. I'op. 1,740. Gray, t.. Gasconade co.. Mo. Pop. 1,074. Gr.wson, county, Va. Siluatcd in the s., and toward the w. part of the state, and contains 927 sq. ms. Drained by Great Kanawha r., here call- ed Newr., and its brandies. It is elevated about 1,600 feet above the level of the ocean. Capital, Greenville. There were in LS40, neat cattle 13,9.35, sheep 18,253, swine 21,502 ; wheat 27,86-i bush, produced, rye 16,95S, Ind. corn 219,217, buckwheat 15,219, oats 142,715, potatoes 31,3S4 ; 11 stores, cap. $10,125 ; 3 forges, 5 woollen fac, 8 tanneries, 20 distilleries, 7G grist m., 21 saw m., 1 oil m. Clip, in manufac. $5,35). 1 acad. 120 students, 10 sch. 252 scholars. Pop. whites 8,542, slaves 492, free col'd 53 ; total, 9,I)S7. Grayson, county, Ky. Central in the w. part of the state. It contains 800 sq. ms. A branch of Green r. runs on its n. border. Capital, May- field. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,1G3, sheep 7,337, swine 15,199; wheat 18,907 bush, produced, rye 473, Ind. corn 141,845, oats 58,509, potatoes 4,842, tobacco 242,372 pounds, sugar 30,13S; 17 stores, cap. $34,405; 3 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $16,375. 6 sch. 209 scholars. Pop. whites 4,262, slaves 199; total, 4,461. Grayson, p-v., capital of Carter co., Ky., 128 E. Frankfort, 432 W. Situated i m. w. of Little Sandy r. It has a court house, 8 or 10 houses, and 50 inhabitants. Grayson, C. H., p-v., capital of Grayson co., Va., called also Greenville, 261 s. Uichmond, 336 W. Situated on the s. bank of New r. It con- tains a court house, jail, 3 stores, several mechan- ic shops, 12 dwollings, and about 75 inhabitants, one iourth of whom are colored. Grayson Springs, p-o., Grayson co., Ky. Grayson Sulphur Springs, p-o., Grayson CO., Va. Gravsport, p-v., Muskingum co., O., 68 E. Co- lumbus, 343 W. Grays Settle.mknt, p-o., Erie co., Pa., 240 N. w. Harrisburg, 33i W. Grays Valley, po., Tioga co., Pa., 146 n. Harrisburg, 256 W. Graysville, p-v., Morris t., Huntingdon co.. Pa., 101 \v. Harrisburg, 170 W. It contams 1 store and 8 or 10 dwellings. Graysville, p-v., Todd co., Ky., 55 Frankfort, 720 W. Graysville, p-o., Monroe co., O., 124 e. Co- lumbus, 2S1 W. Graysville, pv., White co.. 111., 61 s. e. Springfield, 841 W. Greasy Creek, p-o., Floyd co., Va., 230 w. Richmond, 335 W. Great Baurington, pt., Berkshire co., Ms., 131 w. Boston, 355 W. It is situated on both sides of the Hou.satonic r. The surface is une- ven, and adapted to grazing, except on the llou- satonic, where the surface is level, and the soil very fertile. A branch of the Ilousatonic affords good water power. The v. is pleasantly situated, contains some good houses, and 2 churches — 1 Congregational and 1 Episcopal — and some man- ufactures. There are in the t., 7 stores, capital $21,000; 1 furnace, 1 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 3 cotton fac. 6,094 sp., 2 tanneries, 1 printing of- fice, 1 weekly paper, 3 grist rn., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac $133,00 ). 1 acad. 30 students, 16 sch. 631 scholars. Pop. 2,704. Great Bend, p-v.. Champion t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 159 N. w. Albany. Situated on Black r., i and contains 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 distillery, j 1 cloth dressing works, 1 store, and about 25 I dwellings. A bridge here crosses the r. I Great Bend, p-o.. Great Bend t., Susquehan- I na CO., Pa., 191 N. E. Harrisburg, 293 VV. Situ- I ated at tlie junction of Salt Lick cr. with the i Susquehanna r., on an extensive flat, surrounded on all sides by high hills. It is built on both sides of the r., over which is abridge 600 feet long and 20 feet wiile, which cost §6,5lX). It has 2 churcii- es — 1 Presbyterian and 1 Baptist — several stores, a seminary for young ladies, 40 dwellings, and about 240 inhabitants. There are in the t.. 4 stores, cap. $21,500; 1 grist in., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,350. 7 sch. 210 scholars. Pop. 859. Great Bend, p-o., Meigs co., O., 112 s. s. e. Columbus, 341 W. Great Bridge, p-v., Norfolk co., Va., 115 s. E. Richmond, 240 W. Situated on Southern r. Great Crossings, p-v., Scott co., Ky., 15 n. E. Frankfort, 527 W. Situated on the s. side of Elkhorn cr. The Choctaw academy is located here, under the superintendence of the War De- partment. It had in 1841, 131 students, viz: — 52 Choctavvs, 21 Pottawatomies, 26 Chickasaws, 10 Creeks, 2 Quapaws, 3 Seminoles, 1 Miami, 10 miscellaneous. Great Egg Harbor, collection district. Ton- nage of 1810, 16,364. (See Egg Harbor, Great.) Great Falls, p-v., Somerworth t., Strafford CO., N. II., 34 E. Concord, 499 W. Here is a large and beautiful village and extensive manu- factories. (See Somerworth.) Great Valley, p-t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., .300 w. by s. Albany, 328 W. The surface is somewhat broken, rising from the valley of Alle ghany r. Watered on the s. by Tunianguant cr., and N. by Great Valley cr., tributaries of .\lle- ghany r. At the post office is Peth v., contain- ing 1 store, 2 saw m., and 15 dwellings. There are in the t., 4 stores, cap. $11,000; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $14,400. 6 sch. 235 scholars. Pop. 852. Great Works, p-v., Penobscot co.. Me., 80 e. Augusta, 675 W. Situated at the entrance of Great Works stream into the Penobscot r., oppo- site to Indian Oldtown. Here is a good water power, and a considerable village. (Vreat South Bay, N. Y. Situated on the s side of Long Island, and is about 50 ms. long and 5 wide, enclosed by Great South Beach, which is 40 ms. long and luilf a mile wide. On the w. end is a light-house. The bay is navigable, has several inlets, and abounds with fine shell and other lish, and a variety of water fowls, and is a great resort of sportsmen. Greece, pt., Monroe co., N. Y., 6 n. Roches- ter, 226 vv. by n. Albany, 375 W. The surface is undulating, and the soil sandy, gravelly and clay loam. Watered by small streams, flowing into Lake Ontario. It has 5 stores, cap. $5,4J0; 1 furnace, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §6,510. 16 sch. 993 scholars. Pop. 3,669. Greelv, p o., Somerset co.. Me., 85 n. Augus- ta, 6S0 W. Gree.v Bank, p-o., Pocahontas co., Va., 189 w. N. w. Richmond, 216 W. Situated on Deer cr., 6 ms. above its entrance into Greenbrier r. It has 1 church, free to all denominations, a li- brary, 2 stores, several mills, and various me- chanics. Green Bay, Wis., lies n. w. of Lake Michi- gan, connected with it by a broad opening, and running parallel with it. It is 100 ms. long, and from 15 to .30 broad At its entrance is a string of islands, called Grand Traverse islands, extend- ing (or 30 ms. It is navigable for vessels of 200 GRE 247 GRE tons to its head, and receives Fox aad Menomme rivers. Green Bay, p-v., Brown co., Wis., 153 n. Ma- dison, 933 W. Situated on t1i'> e. side of Fox r. at its entrance into Green Bay. Tlie settle- ment extend.s on both sides of the r. for 4 miles. It has a U. S. land office, 40 stores, and about 1,3.')0 inhabitants. Greenbekky, p-o., Grant co., la., 82 n. n. e. Ind'anapolis, or>'S W. Grekn Bottom, p-o., Cabell co., Va., 379 vv. by N. Richmond, 3S4 VV. Green BoTTo.M, p-o., Shelby co., Tenn., 213 w. Nashville, 89:1 W. Greenbrier, county, Va. Central toward the w. part of the state, and contains 1,4.^3 sq. ms. The surfjce is broken, elevated and moun- tainous. Drained by Greenbrier r. and its branches, and by branches of Gauley r. Capi- tal, Lewisburg. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 13,855, sheep 18,722, swine 12,373; wheat 69,151 bush, produced, rye 43,466, Ind. corn 207,055, buckwheat 3,031, oats 198,296, potatoes 31,916, sugar 114,93i pounds ; 12 stores, cap. $112,003; 1 tannery, 19 distilleries, 30 grist m., 33 saw m., 4 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $63,531. 1 acad. 28 stuilents, 23 sch. 505 scholars. Pop. whites 7,237, slaves 1,214, free col'd 194 ; total, 8,695. Green Brier, r., Va., rises in Pocahontas co., txnd passing through Greenbrier co., and into Monroe co., enters the Great Kanawha r. near the boundary between the 2 latter counties, and at the passage through Laurel ridge. Greenbrier, p-o., Northumberland co., Pa., 60 N. Harrisburg, 170 W. Greenburg, t., Westchester co., N. Y. 133 s. Albany. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly, clay and sand loam, well cultivated. Watered by Bronx and Sawmill rivers. Hudson r. bounds it on the w. It has 1 acad. 15 students, 10 sch. 324 scholars. Pop. 3,361. Green Bush, p-o., Windsor co., Vt., 68 s. Montpelier, 468 W. Greenrusii, t., Penobscot co.. Me. It has 3 sch. 108 scholars. Pop. 261. Greenbush, p-t., Rensselaer co., N. Y., 1 e. Albany, 370 W. Situated on the e. side of Hud- son r. oppn.site to Albany. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay loam, wiih gravel and sand. The land along the r. is level and very fertile. The v. was incorporated in 1815, and contains 2 churches, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist, 9 stores, 2 flour- ing m., 1 distillery, 1 tannery, 1 spirit gas fac, 100 dwellings, and about 900 inhabitants. The Albany and West Stockbridge railroad commen- ces here, and a ferry crotsses to Albany. There are in the t., 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 15 sch. 865 scholars. Pop. 3,701. Greenbush, p-v., Warren co., 111., 92 n. w. Springfield, 838 W. Green Camp, t., Marion co., O. It has 2 sch. 70 scholars. Pop. 361. Green Castle, p-b., Franklin co.. Pa., 56 Harrisburg, 79 W. It contains 5 churches, -several factories, 250 dwellings, and about 1,500 inhabitants. It is surrounded by a fertile country. Green Castle, p-v., capital of Putnam co., la., 47 w. Indianapolis, 612 W. Situated on a high table land, 1 m. e. of the Walnut fork of Eel r. It contains a court house, jail, 1 seminary, 2 churches, 7 stores, and about 500 inhabitants. There are in the t., 13 stores, cap. $62,160; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $11,300. I acad. 87 students, 3 sch. 148 scholars. Pop. 2,258. Green, cr., p-t., Sandusky co., O., 100 n. Co. lumbus,415W. Pop. 1,189. Greene, county, N. Y. Situated in the k. part of the state, and contains 533 sq. ms. The surface is diversified, being hilly and mountain- ous s. and w., and more level toward the n. e. The mountains are sterile, and the valleys pro- ductive. Watered by C'atskill and Coxsackie creeks, which flow into the Hudson, and tha head branches of Schoharie cr., which flows into the Mohawk r. Capital, Calskill. There were in 1810, neat cattle 22,4:15, sheep 39,326, swine 19,357 ; wheat 17,677 bush, produced, rye 86,840, Ind. corn 109,772, buckwheat 57,612, barley 2,363, oats 309,8:*2, potatoes 3)2,902, 5 commis- sion houses in for. trade, cap. $131,3-<0; 142 stores, cap. $396,510; 2 lumber yards, cap. $10,3J0 ; 3 furnaces, 10 fulling m., 5 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 363 sp., 29 tanneries, 2 distilleries, I powder m., 2 potteries, 3 flouring m., 29 grist m., 79 saw m., 3 paper fac, 3 printing offices, 1 bindery, 3 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manu- fac $910,76J. 3 acad. 97 students, 122 sch. 3,227 scholars. Pop. 30,446. Greene, county. Pa. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 576 sq. ms. Drain- ed by Ten Mile and Dunkards creeks e., and by Fish and Wheeling creeks w. The surface is broken and mountainous, but the soil is produc- tive. Capital, Waynesburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 19,338, sheep 37,035, swine 33,199 ; wheat 251,823 bush, produced, rye 33,901, Ind. corn 4 36,607, buckwheat 31,356, oats 348,809, potatoes 6J,S83, sugar 111,107 pounds ; 50 stores, cap. $140,885 ; 9 fulling m., 4 woollen fac, 15 tanneries, 34 distilleries, 1 glass fac, 1 glass cut- ting estab., 4 flouring m., 45 grist m., 62 saw m., 5 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $290,732. 1 acad. 42 students, 74 sch. 1,723 scliolars. Pop. 19,147. Greene, county, Va. Situated in the central part of the state, and contains 19J sq. ms. The surface is hilly ; soil, fertile. Capital, Stanards- ville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,086, sheep 3,345, swine 7,180 ; wheat 39,731 bush, pro- duced, rye 14,741, Ind. corn 124,241, buckwheat 233, oats 32,734, potatoes 7,616, hops 206 pounds, tobacco 489,933, cotton 1,143; 4 stores, cap. $21,000; 2 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 15 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,855. 7 acad. 135 students, 6 sch. 136 scholars. Pop. whites 2,447, slaves 1,740, free col'd 45; total, 4,232. Greene, county, N. C. Situated centrally in the E. part of the state, and contains 240 sq. ms. Drained by Moccason r., a branch of the Neuse r. Surface level, soil fertile. Capital, Snow Hill. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,400, sheep 3,068, swine 25,456 ; wheat 8,824 bush, produced, rye 6,975, Ind. corn 279,730, oats 2,455, potatoes 44,404, rice 15,492 pounds, cotton 1,344,990 ; 10,035 barrels of tar, pitch, &c. ; 8 stores, cap. $78,000 ; 30 distilleries, 27 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in maimfac. $16,5()0. 5 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. whites 3,375, slaves 2,971, free col'd 249 ; total, 6,595. Greene, county, Ga. Situated n. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 504 sq. ms. The Oconee r. runs on its w. border. Surface undulating, soil fertile. Capital, Greensboro. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,130, sheep 7,051, swine 23,164; wheat 53,563 bush, produ- ced, rye 1,179, Ind. com 400,172, barley 1,193, oats 35,486, potatoes 12,693, cotton 2,756,469 pounds ; 22 stores, cap. $128,000; 1 cotton fac, 6 tanneries, 5 flouring m., 24 grist ra., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,000. 1 college, 22 students, 5 acad 323 studentB, 13 sch. 358 Bcholars. Population, GRE 248 GRE whites 4,641, slaves 7,024, free colored 25 ; total, 11,600. Greexe, county, Ala. Situated in the w. part of the state, anil contains 836 sq. ms. The surface is hilly, but tlie soil on the river bottoms is excellent. Torabigbee r. runs on its w, boun- dary. Watered by Black Warrior, or Tusca- loosa r. t'apital, Eutaw. There were in 1810, neat cattle 8,'J 10, sheep 4,749, swine 18,492; wheat 18,3J6 bush, produced, rye 1,618, Ind. corn 520,1'J8. oats 14,928, potatoes 4S,369, silk cocoons 45 poinids, cotton 3,173,800; 18 stores, cap. $171,701) ; 3 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 3 saw m., 2 printmg offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. !:522,9JO. 242 students in acad- emies, 173 scholars in scliooLs. Pop. whites 7,556, slaves 16,431, free col'd 37; total, 24,024. Gree.n'e, county, 3Iiss. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 864 sq. ms. It is chiefly covered with pine forest, and the soil is sterile. Watered by Pa.scagoula r. and its branches. Capital, Lcakesville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,513, sheep 915, swine 10,837; Ind. corn 34,261 bush, produced, pota- toes 18,6J3, rice 10,365 pounds, cotton 40,260 ; 1 store, cap. .$5,000 ; 8 grist m., 5 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $1,500. 3 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. whites 1,207, slaves 423; total, 1,636. GiiEE.VE, county, Tenn. Situated in the E. part of the state, and contains 700 sq.ms. The surface is elevated, and greatly diversified willi hill and valley. VVatered by Nolachucky r., and Licking cr. Capital, Greenville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 14,267, sheep 17,172, swine 49,011 ; wheat 142,392 bush, produced, rye 4,691, Ind. corn 683,295, buckwheat 2,233, oats 221,123, potatoes 23,128, tobacco 9,125 pounds, cotton '2,128 ; 15 stores, cap. .$.12,250 ; 1 furnace, 7 forges, 17 tanneries, 52 distilleries, 7 potteries, 4 flour- ing m., 54 grist m., 39 saw m., 6 oil m. Cap. in manufac. !](;5-i,82l. 1 college, 3J students, 2 acad. 93 students, 12 sc!i. 193 scholars. Pop. whites 14,410, slaves 1,006, free col'd 151 ; total, 16,076. Gkeexe, county, Ky. Situated in the middle of the statii, and contains 460 sq. ms. Watered by Green r. and its tributaries. The surface is undulating ; soil, fertile. Ca|)ital, Greensburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,612, sheep 18,140, swine 46,6'Jl ; wheat 75,221 bush, pro- duced, rye 1,050, Ind. corn 338,664, oats 143,8(50, potatoes 12,971, tobacco 1,961,711 pounds, cotton 2^,398, sugar 9,117; 14 stores, cap. $110,400; 2 forges, 1 cotton fac. 126 sp., 10 tanneries, 7 dis- tilleries, 2 flouring m., 10 grist m., 8 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $13,034. 1 acad. 100 students, 13 sch. 309 scholars. Pop. whites 10,263, slaves 3,830, free col'd 119; total, 14,212. Gree.ne, county, O. Situated s. w. of the centre ol' the state, and contains 400 sq. ms. Watered by 31ad r., and by Little Miami r., of which the following are branches ; Csesar's, Beaver, Massie's and Andersoi;'s creeks, 'i'hese with some smaller streams, aftbrd extensive water power. The surface is undulating. Yel- low Springs is a famous watering place. Cap- ital, Xenia. There were in 1810, neat cattle 14,914, sheep 29,527, swine 26,770 ; wheat 257,465 bush, produced, rye 9,989, Ind. corn 659,2.*6, barley 1,757, oats 157,668, potatoes 19,016; 35 stores, cap. $143,350; 5 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 18 distilleries, 1 brewery, 24 flouring m., 3 grist m., 27 saw m., 2 oil in., 3 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $248,580. 13- sch. 349 scholars. Pop. 17,528 Green'E, county, la. Situated toward the s. vv. part of the state, and contains 456 sq. ms. The surface is generally level, and the soil fertile. Drained by the w. fork of Wliite r.. Eel r., and Richland cr. Capital, Bloomflcld. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,756, sheep 8,861, swine 24,131 ; wheat 27,958 bush, produced, Ind. com .368,113, oats 65,435, potatoes 12,883, tobacco 215,889 pounds, sugar 30,15i; 20 stores, cap. $31,910 ; 14 tanneries, 12 distilleries, 2 flouring m., 23 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $46,036. 24sch. 831 scholars. Pop. 8,321. Greene, county, 111. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 912 sq. ms. Organized in 1821. The Illinois r. runs on its \v. border, and the Mississippi on the s. The bank of the Mississippi consists chit^fly of perpendicular cliffs, from 80 to 200 feet high, containing hori- zontal strata of lime and sand.-2 W " district. Situated in a rich cotton Tuscaloosa, 852 strict. Greep*6boro', p-v., capital of Choctaw county, GRE 251 GRE Miss., 110 N. E. Jackson, 945 VV. It. is situated on one of the head branches of Big Black river. Gree.vsboro', p-v., Henry co., la., 40 e. In- dianapolis, 541 W. Greensburg, p-b., capital of Westmoreland co., Pa., 168 w. Harrisburg, 194 W. It contains a court house, jail, county offices, 5 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Dutch Reformed, 1 Covenanter, 1 Methodist— 1 academy, 1 female surface i.s various, and the soil fertile. Drained by the branches of Saluda r., which runs on its s. w. border, and those of Ennoree. Capital, Greenville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,518, sheep 6,515, swine 26,4.52 ; wheat 37,644 bushels prodticed. rye 2,682, Ind. corn 418,940, oats 49,2.59, potatoes 18,641, tobacco 1,500 pounds, cotton 137,765 ; 36 stores, cap. $104,2.50 ; 4 cotton fac. 1,964 sp., 7 tanneries, 10 distilleries, 8 flour- seminary, and 130 dwellings. It has 11 stores, | ing m., 65 grist m., 42 saw m., 1 paper fac, 2 cap. $44,800 ; 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in man- printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. hi ufac. $2,500. 4 sch. 147 scholars. Pop. 800. Greensburg, pv., capital of St. Helena par.. La., 75 N. by w. New Orleans, 1,150 W. Situ- ated on the w. side of Tickfaw r. It has a court house, a U. S. land office, and several dwellings. Greensburg, p-v., Green t., Trumbull county, O., 185 N. E. Columbus, 319 W. It contains "2 stores, several mechanic shops, 1 gri.st m., 3 saw m., 115 dwellings, and about 650 inhabitants. Greensburg, p-v., capital of Decatur co., la., 47 s. E. Indianapolis, 550 W. Situated on the "Michigan Road." It contains a court house, 7 stores, and about 800 inhabitants. Green's Fork, p-o., Washinston t, Wayne CO., la., 63 E. Indianapolis, 513 W. Green's Fork, t., Randolph co., la. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,700 ; 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,805. 3 sch. 95 scholars. Pop. 1,573. Green Spring, p-o., Seneca co., O., 101 n. Columbus, 419 W. Green's Store, p-o., Lawrence co., O., 130 s. by E. Columbus, 414 W. Greenstown, p-v.. Lake t.. Stark co., O., 133 N. E. Columbus, 322 W. Greenton, p-o.. La Fayette co., Mo., 134 n. w. Jefferson city, 1,057 W. Greentree Grove, p-o., Stewart co., Tenn., 86 N. w. Nashville, 744 W. Greenup, co., Ky. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 763 sq. miles. Drained by Little Sandy and Tyger's creeks. The sur- face is hilly, and the land along the streams is rich. The hills contain much coal and iron ore. Capital, Greennpsburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle, 4,096, sheep 4,619, swine 9,131 ; wheat 11,635 bushels produced, Ind. corn 189,800, oats 30,465, potatoes 5,410, tobacco 3,000 pounds, sugar 4,925; 15 stores, cap. $19,000; 10 furnaces, 2 forges, 3 tanneries, 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,130. 11 sch. 2-25 scholars. Poo. whites 5,479, slaves 754, free col'd 64 ; total, 6,297. Greenupsburg, p-v., capital of Greenup co., Ky., 146 E. Frankfort, 429 W. Situated on tlie s. bank of Ohio r., at the entrance of Little Sandy r. It has a court house, semmary, and about 300 inhabitants. Greenup, p-o., Coles co.. 111., Ill Springfield, 689 W. . . 1 fe - Green Village, p-v., Franklin co.. Me., 91 n. w. Augusta, 686 W. Greensville, county, Va. Situated on the s. toward the E. part of the state, and contains 325 square miles. Organized from Brunswick co., in 1784. Drained by Brunswick and Mcherin rs. Nottaway r. runs on its n. border. Capital, Hicksford. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,436, sheep 4J^65, swine 15,696: wheat 8,860 bushels produced, Ind. corn 229,510, oats 92,943, potatoes 10.655, tobacco 346.100 pounds, cotton 372,629; 6 stores, cap. $38,700; 1 tannery, 11 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $27,400. 1 acad. 30 students, 9 schools. 170 scholars. Pop. whites 1,928, slaves 4,102, free col'd 136 ; total, 6,366. Greenville, district, S. C, situated in the n. inanufac. $108,800. 3 a'cad. 143 students 23 sch. 524 scholars. Pop. whites 12,491, slaves 3,305, free col'd 43 ; total, 17,839. Greenville, p-t., Piscataquis co.. Me., 91 n. E. Aujjusta, 686 W. Situated at the s. end of Moosehead lake. It has 1 store, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 2 sch. 51 scholars. Pop. 128. Greenville, p-v., Providence co., R. I., 9 w. Providence, 402 W. Greenville, p-t., Greene co., N. Y., 29 s. by w. Albany, 361 W. The surface is broken and hilly ; soil, clay loam, adapted to grass. Drained by "Provost and Catskill creeks. It has 9 stores, cap. $19,600 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 dis- tillery, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,859. 13 sch. 401 scholars. Pop. 2,338. Greenville, p-v.. Green t., Sussex co., N. J., 71 N. Trenton, 232 W. It contains I store, 1 tan- nery, and 12 or 15 dwellings. Greenville, p-o., Luzerne co., Pa., 159 n. e. Harrisburg, 263 W. Greeneville, p-t., Somerset CO., Pa. It has 1 distillery, 20 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,200. Pop. 572. Greenville, p-v., Augusta co., Va., 123 w. N. w. Richmond, 165 W. South r. runs through the t., affording water power. It contains 3 stores, 1 flouruig ra., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, various mechanic shops, 1 academy, 50 or 60 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Greenville, p-v., capital of Pitt co., N. C, 102 E. by s. Raleigh, 721 W. Situated on the s. side of Tar r., 35 ms. above its entrance into Pamlico sound. It contains a court house, jail, an academy, several stores and dwellings. Greenville, p-v., capital of Meriwether co., Ga., 102 w. Milledgeville, 721 W. It contains a court house, jail, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 10 stores, and 47 dwellings. Greenville, p-v., capital of Butler co., Ala., 141 s. s. E. Tuscaloosa, 833 W. Situated on the w. side of Sepulgah r. Greenville, p-v., capital of Clark co., Ark., 78 s. w. Little Rock, 1,143 W. Greenville, p-v., capital of Greene co., Tenn., 253 e. Nashville, 437 VV. It contains Greenville College, founded in 1794, has a president and pro- fessor, 110 alumni, 41 students, and 3,000 vols, in its libraries. The commencement is on the 3d Wednesday in September. This is one of the oldest colleges w. of the Alleghany mountains. (Greenville, p-v., capital of Muhlenburg co., Ky., 105 w. s. w. Frankfort, 717 W. Situated on a branch of Green r. Greenville, p-v.. capital of Darke co., O., 91 w. Columbus, 485 W. Located on the site of old Fort Greenville, where Gen. Wayne con- cluded the celebrated treaty of peace with the Indians, in 1795. Situated just below the junc- tion of Greenville and Mud creeks, and has a handsome court house, jail, 3 churcnes — 1 Bap- tist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Unitarian. Pop. of the t. 2,006. and about 500 inhabitants. Greenville, p-v., Floyd co., Ta.. Ill s. In- dianapolis, 612 W. It has 3 stores, I mill. W. part of the state, and contains 703 sq. ms. The I carding machine, and about 200 inhabitants GRE 252 GRI Greenvili,?:, p-v., capital of Bond co.. 111., 74 s. Springfield, 758 W. Situated on tiie East fork of Shoal or. It has a court house. 4 stores, various mec-hanic shops, and about ii50 inhab- itants. Greenville, p-v., capital of Wayne co.. Mo., 113 s. E. Jefferson city, 917 W. Situated on the w. bank of the St. Francis r. It contains a court house, a few stores, and several dwellings. Greenville, C. H., p-v., capital of (ireenville dist., S. C, 107 w. N. w. Columbia, 503 W. Situ- ated near tlie head of Reedy r. It contains a court house, jail, market house, 3 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist — 1 male and 1 female academy, 12 stores, 110 dwellings, and 945 inhabitants. Greenville, t., Saline co. Mo. It has 2 sch. 47 scholars. Pop. 451. Greenwich, p-t., Hampshire co., Mass., 75 w. Boston, 391 W. Watered by Swift r., which afTords water power. Incorporated in 1754. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 grist in., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $17,700. 7 sch. 287 scholars. Pop. 824. Greenwich, p-t., Fairfield co., Ct., 82 s. w. Hartford, 25S W. Watered by Byrain r.. which enters Long Island sound, on the boundary be- tween Connecticut and JNew York, and Miannus r. The surface is rough and uneven, and the soil is productive. It furnishes many beautiful views of the sound, and has several fine landing places. Incorporated by the Dutch in 16G5, and claimed by New Vork. It has 13 stores, capital $34,400 ; 1 forge, 3 grist ni. Cap. in manufac. $9,800. 6 sch. 326 scholars. Pop. 3,921. Greenwich, p t., Washington co., N. Y., 35 N. N. E. Albany, 410 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, a fertile gravelly loam. Hudson r. runs on its w. border, and Battenkill r. on its s. It has 8 stores, cap. $5:),700; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 pottery, 1 printing oOice, 1 weekly newspaper, 5 grist m., 10 saw lu. Cap. in manufac. $10,100. 1 acad. 50 students, 15 sch. 393 scholars. Pop. 3,3S2. Greenwich, W^arren co., N. J., 10 s. Bel- videre. The surface is hilly, embracing South mountain ; soil, productive. Drained by Lopat- cong, Pohatcoag, and Musconetcong crs., flowing into Delaware r., which bounds it on the w. Mor- ris canal crosses the t. It contains marble, soap- stone, and iron. It has 17 stores, cap. !}77,3JO ; 3 lumber yards, cap. $20,000 ; 1 tannery, 4 flour- ing m., 6 grist m., 8 saw m., 4 oil m., 1 brewery. Cap. in manufac. $127,900. 13 sch. 911 scholars. Pop. 2,902. Greenwich, t., Gloucester co., N. J., 7 s. w. Woodbury. Drained by Blantua, Repaupo, C'lon- mel, Crab, and Racoon creeks. It contains 12 stores, cap. $20,G5J ; 1 woollen fac, 1 di.-itiUery, 4 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manuiiic. $41,150. 9 sch. 762 scholars. Pop. 2,958. Greenwich, pt., Cumberland co., N. J., 73 s. s. w. Trenton, 184 W. The surface is level ; soil, generally clay and deep rich loam, and well cultivated. Watered by Newport, Slow, Colian- sey. Mill, and Pine Mount cree!;s. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $8,500 ; 1 distillery, 1 tan- nery, 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $15,362. 3 sch. 105 scholars. Pop. 918. Greenwich, t., Berks co.. Pa., 18 n. e. Read- ing. The surface is hilly, and the soil gravelly loam. Sacony cr., a branch of Mcriden or., flows on its s. border, and receives Mill creek, and other small tributaries, which afford water power. It has 1 church, 3 stores, cap. §4,500 ; 1 forge, 2 tanneries, 1 pottery, 5 grist m., 5 saw ra., 1 oil ra. Cap. in manufac. §3,815. Pop. 1,629. Greenwich, p-t., Huron co., O., 93 n. by e. Co- lumbus, 384 W. It has 3 stores, cap. $3(^),000; I fulling ni., 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manu- iiic. $41,600. 5 sch. 194 scholars. Pop. 1,116. Greenwich Village, pv., Greenwich t., Hampshire co., Mass., 73 w. Boston, 393 W. Greenwood, pt., Oxford co., Me., 54 w. Au- gusta, 598 W. It is a good agricultural t., with a fertile soil. Incorporated in 1815. It has 3 stores, cap. S2,4(X) ; 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $5,000. 307 scholars in schools. Pop. 836. Greenwood, p-t., Steuben co., N. V'., 253 w. by s. Albany, 318 W. The surface is hilly, and the soil adapted to grazing. Drained by Ben- nett's cr. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. (,'ap. in manufac. $1,010. 12 sch. 351 scholars. Pop. 1,138. Greenwood, p-t., Columbia co.. Pa., 92 n. n. E. Harrisburg, 202 W. Drained by tributaries of Fishing cr. It has 3 stores, cap. $12,500 ; 2 full- ing m., 2 tanneries, 1 distillerj', 6 grist ra., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,660. 5 sell. 20O schol- ars. Pop. 1,217. Greenwood, t., Crawford co., Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 2 distilleries, 3 grist m., 9 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac $7,070. Pop. 1,171. Greenwood, t.. Perry co.. Pa., 10 n. e. Bloom- field. It has 10 stores, cap. $21,800; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly news- papers, 1 flouring ni., 2 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $19,025. 3 sch. 158 scholars. Pop. 725. Greenwood, t., Juniata co., Pa. Situated on the w. side of the Susquehanna r. It containt 9 sch. 324 scholars. Pop. 1,237. Greenwood, p-v., Laurens dist., S. C, 81 n. w. Columbia, 505 W. Greenwood, p-v., Johnson co., la., 10 s. In- dianapolis, 536 W. It has an academy and a few dwellings. Greenwood, p-v., Caddo parish. La., 150 n. w. New Orleans, 1,300 W. Greersuurg, p-v., or Darlington, 11 n. w. Bea- ver, in the s. w. angle of IJttle Beaver t., P.s. It contains I Presbyterian church, 4 stores, 1 acad- emy, and 60 or 70 dwellings. (iRi'JGG, t.. Centre co.. Pa. The surface is mountainous ; soil, calcareous laini, and fertile in the valleys. Watered by Sinking cr. It has 'i stores, cap. $12,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,000. 7 sch. 215 schol- ars. Pop. 1,671. (jREio, t., Lewis CO., N. Y. The surface is hilly and broken ; soil, various. It is drained by Otter and Fish creeks, and Moose r. It has 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $100. 8 sch. 248 scholars. Pop. 592. Greigsville, p-o., Vork t., Livingston co., N v., 231 w. Albany, 351 W. Grenad.v, p-v., Valabusha Co., Miss., 113 ji. Jackson, 958 W. Situated on the s. side of the Valabusha r. It contains a U. S. land office, and several stores and dwellings. (Jrey Rock, p-o., Harlbrd co., 3Id. GuiKEiN, p-v., Pike co., Ga., 80 w. Milledge- ville, 6,S4 W. Situated on the Monroe railroad, 58 N. w. Macon. Grii'Tinsdurg, p-v., Culpepper co., Va., 106 N. w. Richmond, 90 W. It contains 1 store. Griffin's Hollow, p-o., Jackson co., Ala., 195 N. E. Tuscaloosa, 683 W. Gkikfin's Mills, p-v., Aurora t., Erie co., N. v., 283 w. Albany, 368 W. Situated on Caze- nove cr., and has 1 church, 2 stores, 1 grist ra., 2 saw m., and about 20 dwellings. Griggstown, p-v., Franklin t., Somerset co., N. J., 20 N. N. E. Trenton, 194 W. Situated on GRO 253 GUE the E. side of Millstone r. The Delaware and Siritan canal passes through it. It has 1 store, and 6 or 8 dwellings. A copper mine has been wrought m the vicinity of this place, without much success. Griggsville, p-v., Pike co., El., 61 w. Spring- field, 841 W. Situated 4 w. of Phillip's ferry, on Illinois r., on high ground, near tlie margin of a large undulating prairie. Grimsville, p-c, Berks co., Pa., 77 e. Harris- burg, 169 W. Grisson's Cotton Gin, p-o., Christian co., Ky., 186 w. s. w. Frankfort, 723 W. Griswold, pt.. New London co., Ct., 50 e. s. E. Hartford, 363 W. Taken from the n. part of Preston, in 1815. Quinebaug r. runs on its w. border, and, at Jewett city, a romantic manufac- turing village, containing about 1,000 inhabit- ants, it affords extensive water power. Pochaug r. passes through the t., and enters the Quinebaug at Jewett city. It has 7 stores, cap. $11,000; 7 cotton fac. 9,667 sp., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $297,450. 1 aead. 15 students, 13 sch. 496 scliolars. Pop. 2,165. Griswold, p-o., Hamilton co., 111., 167 s. s. e. Springfield, 787 W. Griswold City, p-v., Franklin co., 3Io., 62 e. Jefferson city, 884 W. Situated on the s. bank of the Missouri r. Griswold's Mills, p-o.. Fort Ann t., Wash- ington CO., N. Y., 61 N. N. E. Albany, 433 W. Grogansville, p-o., Rockingham co., N. C, 127 N. w. Raleigh, 285 W. Grooversville, p-o., Thomas co., Ga., 279 s. E. w. Milledgeville, 923 W. Groton, p-t., Grafton co., N. H., 42 n. n. w. Concord, 510 W. Watered by Baker's r. In- corporated in 1796. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $5,850. 10 sch. 295 scholars. Pop. 870. Groton, pt., Caledonia co., Vt., 29 e. by s. Montpelier, 531 W. Tlie surface is uneven and rough, but it has some good land. Drained by Wells r. and its branches, which afl'ord water power. It has several ponds, tiirough one of which Wells r. passes. Chartered in 1789. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,500; 1 fulling m., 2 tanner- ies, 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $8,950. 9 sch. 332 scholars. Pop. 928. Groton. p-n, Middlesex co., Mass., 33 n. w. Boston, 429 W. Watered by Nashua and Squanecook rivers. Chartered in 1655. It has a flouri.shing female .seminary. It has 6 stores, cap. $20,000 ; 1 paper fac, 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. .$18,000. 1 acad. 70 students, 14 sch. 747 scholars. Pop. $2,139. Groton, p-t.. New London co., Ct., 45 s. E. Hartford, 354 W. Situated on the e. side of Thames r., at its mouth, opposite lo New Lon- don. The surface is hilly and rough, with some good land, particularly on Thames r. Watered by Pequonnuck and Mystic rivers. It has a good harbor on iMyslic r., and some whaling and other vessels are owned here. Fort Griswold, one of the fortifications for tiic defence of the harbor of New London, is on Groton Heights. There is a granite monument, 127 feet high, erected to com- memorate the patriots who defended this place when attacked under the traitor Arnold, in Sept., 1781, and who were barbarously killed, mostly after they had surrendered. The fort was com- manded by Col. Ledyard, brother of the celebra- ted traveller, who was slain with his own sword, as he surrendered it. It has 14 stores, capital ^22,300 ; 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,710. 2 acad. 43 students, 11 sch. 759 schol- ars. Pop. 2,963. Groton, p-t., Tompkins co., N. Y., 162 w. by s. Albany, 312 W. The surface is undulating; soil, a fertile gravelly loam. Drained by Fall cr. The V. is situated on an inlet lo Ovvasco lake, and contains 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist church, a flourishing academy, 4 stores, 1 flouring m., 3 saw m., 1 furnace, 1 carding machine, and I carriage fac, 50 dvvellings, and about 350 inhabitants. There are in the t. 10 stores, cap. $39,500 ; 1 fur- nace, 3 fulling m., 4 tanneries, 1 printing office, 1 weekly new.-paper, 1 flouring m., 5 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,250. 1 acad. 185 students, 21 sch. 1,217 scholars. Pop. 3,618. Groton, p-t., Erie co., O., 95 n. Columbus, 405 W. Drained by Pipe cr. It has 3 sch. 198 scholars. Pop. 854. Grove, p-t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 261 w. s. w. Albany, 347 W. The surface is undulating, and the soil sandy loam. Drained by Cashaque and Canaseraga creeks. It has 4 sch. 218 schol- ars. Pop. 623. Grove, p-o., Chester co., Pa., 75 e. s. e. Har- risburg, 121 W. Grove, t., Clinton co.. Pa. It has 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,000. Pop. 239. Grove, p-o., Chatham co., N. C, 20 w. Ra- leigh, 318 W. Grove Hill, p-c, Warren co., N. C, 73 N. E. Raleigh, 219 W. Grove Hill, p-o., Madison co., Ga., 85 n. Mil- ledgeville. Grove Hill, p-o., Clark co., Ala., 129 s. Tus- caloosa, 928 W. Groveland, t., Livingston co., N. Y., 236 w. Albany. The surface is elevated and ridgy ; soil, mostly sand and clay loam. Conesus lake lies on its N. E. border. Drained by Canaseraga cr It has 3 stores, cap. $7,700 ; 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,533. 11 sch. 446 scholars. Pop. 2,000. Groveland, p-t., Oakland co., Mich., 44 n. w. Detroit, 568 W. It has 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,533. Pop. 655. Groveland, p-v., Tazewell co., HI., 62 n. Springfield, 776 W. Groveland Centre, p-o., Groveland t., Liv- ingston CO., N. Y., 236 w. Albany, 341 W. Grove Level, p-o., Franklin co., Ga., 105 n. Milledgeville, 620 W. Grove Mount, p-o.. Dyer co., Tenn. Groves, p-o., Fayette co., la., 54 e. Indianapo- lis, 5:5 W. Groveton, p-o., Prince William co., Va., 107 N. Richmond, 35 VV. Grundy, county. 111. Situated in the n. e. part of the state. It contains 324 sq. ms. The surface is level ; soil, very fertile. 'Phe Illinois r. takes its name on its eastern line, at the junc- tion of the Des Plaines and the Kankakee rivers, and passes w. through the centre of the county. The C. H. is about to be erected on the n. side of the Illinois, a little w. of the centre of the county. Grundy, county. Mo. Situated in the n. part of the state. The surface is level, and slopes to the s. ; soil, rich prairie land. Drained by the e. fork of Grand r., Medicine and Muddy crs. Cap- ital, Trenton. Guernsey, county, O. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 676 sq. ms. Named from the island of Guernsey, near the coast of France, from which a considerable number of its early settlers came. The surface is hilly ; soil, moderately good. Watered by Wills cr. and its branches. Grapes, from which wine is made, have been successfully cultivated on the sides of its hills, wliich also afford good pasturage GUI 254 GUY Capital, Cambridge. There were in 1840, neat cittie 18,28.5, sheep 41,5S3, swine '2'J,868 ; wheat 407,319 biis-h. prodiu^ecl, rye 7,3.'5, Indian corn 60/, 159, buckwheat 13,773, oats 438,7H, potatoes 84,695, tobacco 1,774, 129 pounds, sugar 34,4:iO; biluminous coal 55,858 bu^h. ; 55 stores, capitjil ®15l),635; 18 tanneries, 8 distilleries, 2 potteries, 10 flouring m., 59 grist ni., 71 saw- ni., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $155,3'J2. 2 colleges, HO students, 2 acad. 83 stu- dents, 63 sch. 2,081 scholars. I'op. 27,718. Gt;iLDF.RLAND, p-t., Albany co., N. V., 9 w. Albany, 379 W. The surface is level, and the soil indifferent. Drained by Norman's kill. It has 15 stores, cap. §13,450; 1 fulling m., 1 wool- leu fac, 1 tannery. ( 'ap. in manufac. $6,950. 650 scholars in sch. Pop. 2,790. GuiLDEaLAND CENTRE, p-0., Guilderland t., Albany co., N. Y., 12 w. Albany, 382 W. Guildhall, p-t., capital of E.sscx co., Vt., 71 E. N. E. Montpelier, 568 \V. Situated on the w. side of Connecticut r., across which here are 2 bridges. The surface is uneven and rough, ex cepting along the r. First settled in 1764. It has some small streams which afford mill seats. The v., in the n. e. corner, contains a court house, jail, and a number of dwellings. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 2 saw mills. Cap. in manufac. $2,0U0. 1 acad. 61 students, 4 sch. 120 scholars. Pop. 470. Guilford, county, N. C. Situated toward the N. w. part of state, and contains 672 sq. miles. Drained by the head \vaters of Deep and Haw rivers. The battle of Guilford Court House, in 1781, has been celebrated in the history of the revolutionary war. Capital, Greensiwro'. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,629, sheep 13,462, swine 30,528 ; wheat 37,728 bush, produced, rye 1,090, Ind. corn 464,962, oats 36,8S4, potatoes 8,136, tobacco 8,705 pounds, cotton 126,939 ; 30 stores, cap. $124,948; 1 cotton fac. 2,500 sp., 16 tanneries, 275 distilleries, 24 flouring m., 4:< grist m., 39 saw m., 4 oil m., 1 printing oliice, 1 week- ly newspaper. Cap. in inaiiuiiic. $216,335. 3 acad. 152 students, 13 sch. 33^ scholars. Pop. 1830, 18,735; 1840, whites 15,891, slaves 2,64?, frcecol'd 637; total, 19,175. Guilford, p-t., Piscataquis co., Me., 75 n. .f*. E. Augusta, 670 VV. It has a fine soil, adapted to wheat. Watered by Piscataquis r. and its branch- es. It has a pleasant v., where are a number of mills. It has 7 sch. 404 scholars. Population, 892. Guilford, p-t., Windham co., Vt., 124 s. Mont- pelier, 419 W. Situated on the s. border of the slate. The soil is I'ertile, adapted both to grain and grazing. Watered by Green r. and Broad brook, which afford water power. It has 4 stores, cap. $17,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 paper fac, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $49,600. 14 sch. 496 scholars. Pop. 1,525. Guilford, p-t.. New Haven co., Ct., 52 s. Hartford, 316 W. First settled in 1639. The borough was incorporated in 1815, is pleasantly located, and the houses arc neat, though many of them are antiquated in their appearance. It has 2 churches — 1 Congregational and 1 Episcopal — and 150 dwellings. This place is much resorted to for sea air and bathing. A stone dwelling is here standing, built in 1640, and supposed to be the oldest house now standing in the United States. It has 16 sU)res, cap. $31,850 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $29,000. Tacad. 60 students, 16 sch. 640 j scholars. Pop. 2,421. Guilford, p-t., Chenango co., N. Y., 102 w. ] Albany, 334 W. It has a liilly and broken sur- j face, and a fertile soil. Unadilla r. flows on its E. boundary. The v. contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 2 stores, 25 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. There are in the t., 8 stores, cap. $24,500; 4 fuUing m., 4 tanneries, 4 grist in., 14 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $41,350. 21 sch. 837 scholars. Pop. 2,827. Guilford, t., Franklin co.. Pa., 6 s. E. Cham- bersburg. The e. branch of Conecocheague cr. runs on its w. boundary, and receives several tri- butaries, which afford water power. The sur- face is level, and the soil rests on limestone and slate. It has 5 stores, cap. $14,000 ; 1 distillery, 1 llouring m., 6 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $13,500. 10 sch. 367 scholars. Pop. 3,125. Guilford, p-o., Madison co., O. Guilford, t., Medina co., O. It has a good soil, adapted to grain and to grazing. It contains the flourishing v. of Seville. There are in the t., 1 store, cap. ,§1,100 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. .$8,425. 9 sch. 290 schol- ars. Pop. 1,400. Guilford, t., Hendricks co., la. Guilford, v., Hanover t., Columbiana co., O Pop. 216. It has 1 sch. 40 scholars. Guilford, p-o., Accomack co., Va., 207 e. Richmond, 18S W. Guilford Centre, p-v., Guilford t., Wind,- ham CO., Vt., 128 s. Montpelier, 423 W. Guilford Centre, p-o., Guilford t., Chenan- go CO., N. Y. Guineys, p-o., and depot, Caroline co., Va.,49 N. Richmond, 12 s. Fredericksburg, 68 W. Sit- uated on the Richmond and Potomac railroad. GuioxsviLLE, p-o.. Dearborn co., la., 89 s. E. Indianapolis, 529 W. Gulf, p-o., Chatham co., N. C, 50 w. s. w. Raleigh, 338 W. Situated on the .v. side of Deep river. Gulf Mills, p-o., Montgomery co.. Pa., 88 e. Harrisburg, 153 W. GuLLiTsviLLEcp-v., Monroe co., Ga., 60 w. Milledgeville, 667 W. Situated near the mouth of Towelagga r. It contains an academy, 2 stores, and several dwellings. GiiLLEV, p-o., Darlington dist., S. C, 116 e. .v. E. Columbia, 456 W. GuJi Branch, p-o., Darlington dist., S. C., 100 E. N. E. Columbia, 4S2 W. Gum Si-ring, p-o., Louisa co., Va., 34 n. w. Richmond, 157 W. Gum Spring, p-o., Clinton co., HI., 86 s. Spring- field, 761 W. Gum Swa.vip, p-o., Columbus co., N. C, 145 s Raleigh, 433 W. Gu.M Tree, p-o., Chester co., Pa., 63 e. s. e. Harrisburg, 112 W. GusTAVus, p-t., Trumbull co., O., 190 n. e. Co- lumbus, 313 W. The surface is undulating, and the soil adapted to grain and to grazing. There is not a waste acre of land in the t. Drained by branches of Beaver r. It contains 1 Presbyte- rian and 1 Methodist church. It has 10 sch. 450 scholars. Pop. 1,195. (ii'STAVUs, p-o., Greene co., Tenn., 245 E. Nashville, 448 W. GuTiiRiEsviLLE, p-o., Chester CO., Pa., 63 e. s. E. Harrisburg. GuTiiRiEsviLLE, p-o., York dist., S. C, 72 N. Columbia. 437 W. GuvAN, t., Gallia co., O. Organized in 1826, and watered by a creek of the same name. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000. Pop. 343. GuvANDOTTE, r., Va., rises in Logan co., and flows N. N. w., and passes through Cabell co., and enters the Ohio below Barbersville. It i» about 100 ras. long. Little Guyandotte r. enierii HAD 255 HAE the. Ohio between the above and Great Kanawha rivers. GuYANDOTTE, p-v., Cabell CO., Va., 359 w. n. w. Richmond, 396 W. Situated on the Ohio r., at the entrance of Guyandotte r., on the point of land between these rivers, and contains 1 church, free to all denominations, 5 stores, 1 steam grist ni. and saw m., 1 carding machine, 1 tannery, various mechanic shops, 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Guys Mills, p-o., Crawford cc, Pa., 246 n. w. Harrisburg, 319 W. GuYsviLLE, p-0., Athens co., O., 86 s. e. Co- lumbus, 335 W. Gwinnett, county, Ga. Situated centrally toward the n. part of the state, and contains 64S sq. ms. Watered by branches of Chattahoochee, Ocmulgee, and Oconee rivers, and divides the waters which flow into the Atlantic, from those which flow into the Gulf of 3Iexico. Capital, Lawrence ville. There were in 1840, neat cattle ■i,7y2, sheep 4.525, swine IS,2J7 ; wheat 47,011 bush, produced, rye 764, Ind. corn 317,761, oats 53,5J9, potatoes 9,799, tobacco '2,s23 pounds, cot- ton 45,-.'97 ; 19 stores, cap. $45,900; 2 tanneries, 21 disiillcries, 33 grist m., 18 saw m. Cap. in manufiic. $2,805. 2 acad. 81 students, 11 sch. 224 scholars. Pop. whi'.es 8,552, slaves 2,238, free col'd 14 ; total, 10,804. GwvNNED, p-t., Montgomery co., Pa., 95 e. Harrisburg, 159 W. The surface is rolling ; soil, sandy loam. Watered by Wissaliickon and Towamensing creeks. It has a church in the centre of the t. It contains 4 stores, cap. $5,500 ; 3 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 acad. 50 students, 1 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 1,539. H. Habeiish.\m, county, Ga. Situated in the n. K. part of the state, and contains 760 sq. ms. The surface is mountainous. Turoree r., a branch of Tugaloo r., runs on its n. e. boundary. Watered by head branches of Chattahoochee r. Organ- ized in 1820. Capital, Clarksville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,365, sheep 2,909, swine 10,646; wheat 11,659 bush, produced, rye 2,441, Ind. corn 153,768, oats 21,877, potatoes 9,345, to- bacco 4,635 pounds, cotton 63,777 ; 10 stores, cap. $18,603; 1 ftirnace, 1 smelting house, pro- ducing gold to the amount of $14,431, 3 tanne- ries, 13 distilleries, 3 potteries, 22 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,450. 1 acad. 35 stu- dents, 9 sch. 212 scholars. Pop. whites 7,007, slaves 942, free col'd 12; total, 7,^j61. Habolochitto, p-o., Hancock co., Miss., 168 S.Jackson, 1,118 W. Hackensack, r., N. J., rises in Rockland lake, Rockland co., N. Y., and pursues a southwardly course, about 40 ms., to its entrance into Newark bay. In the upper part of its course, it is a fine mill stream. It meets the tide at Hackensack t., after which its course is through a marsh to the bay. Hackensack, p-v.. New Barbadoes t., capital of Bergen co., N. J., 14 n. by w. New York, 76 N. E. Trenton, 242 W. Situated on the w. side of Hackensack r., and contains a large brick court house, the county offices, in a fire proof brick edifice, 3 churches — 1 Dutch Reformed, and 2 seceders from it — 2 academies, 10 stores, 150 dwellings, and about 1,000 inhabitants. Sev- eral sloops ply between tliis place and New York. Hackensack, t., Bergen co., N. J., 13 n. by w. New York, is situated between the Hacken- sack and Hudson rivers. It is a rich agricultu- ral t., well cultivated. The Hackensack r. is navigable for sloops to the n. boundary of the t., affording it a ready access to market. It has 5 stores, cap. $8,400 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $1,000 ; 1 fulling m., 9 grist ra., 6 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $3,000. 6 sch. 281 scholars. Pop. 2,631. Hackettstown, p-v.. Independence t., War- ren CO., N. J., 61 N. Trenton, 222 W. Situated between the Morris canal and Musconetcong r., which are here one mile apart. It contains 1 Presbyterian and one Methodist church, an academy, 5 stores, 2 flouring m., 1 clover m., 1 woollen fac, and 40 dvvellings. Hackney's Cross Roads, p-o., Chatham co N. C, 27 w. Raleigh, 315 W. Haddam, p-t., semi-capital of Middlesex co., Ct., 23 s. Hartford, 334 W. It is situated on both sides of Connecticut r. Incorporated in 1668. Tlie surface is uneven and rough ; soil, gravelly loam. The lands bordering on the r., though not generally alluvial, are smooth and fertile. Freestone is extensively quarried here, and exported to the amount of about $70,000 an- nually. The t. contains 1 Congregational, 1 Baptist, and 2 Methodist churches. The princi- pal V. contains a court house, jail, a Congrega- tional church, and an academy. There are in the t. 9 stores, cap. $24,800 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $71,700. I acad. 112 students, 14 sch. 728 scholars. Population, 2,599. Haddonfield, p-v., Newton t, Glocester co., N. J., 35 s. w. Trenton, 145 W. It is situated on Cooper cr., and contains some good houses on an extended street, 2 churches — 1 Friends and 1 Baptist — 7 stores, 2 grist m., 1 woollen fac, and 2 taimeries. Haddonsville, p-v., Todd co., Ky., 190 s. w. Frankfort, 714 W. Hadlev, p-t., Hampshire co., Mass., 90 w. Boston, 333 W. Situated on the E. side of Con- necticut r., opposite to Northampton, with which it is connected by a bridge 1,080 feet long. In- corporated in 1661. The alluvial meadows on Connecticut r. are exceedingly fertile. The v. is chiefly built on 2 streets, one of which is a mile long and 20 rods wide, and contains a Con- gregational church, and Hopkins Academy, a flourishing institution. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. $15,800 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $69,525. 1 acad. 91 stu- dents, 10 sch. 466 scholars. Pop. 1,814. Hadlev, p-t., Saratoga co., N. Y., 58 n. Alba- ny, 427 W. The surface is hilly and mountain- ous. Hudson r. bounds it on the e. Watered by Sacandaga r., which here unites with the Hudson. Just above the entrance of Sacanda- ga r., are Iladley falls, in Hud.son r. It has 1 store, 1 fulling m., 1 grist m., 8 savs' m. Cap. in manufac. $6,630. 6 sch. 230 scholars. Pop. 865. Hadley, p-t., Lapeer co., Mich., 58 n. Detroit, 581 W. It has 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 365. Hadley, p-v., Will co., 111., 174 n. e. Spring- field, 751 W. Hadley's Mills, p-o., Chatham co., N. C.,45 w. Raleigh, 329 W. Hadlyme, p-v.. East Haddam t., New London CO., Ct., 39 s. Hartford, 338 W. It contains 2 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Congregational — and seve- ral dwellings. Haerlem, p-v.. New York co., N. Y., Ti N. n. e. New York, 150 s. Albany, 232 W. Situated on Haerlem r., on a plain, and contains 4 churches HAL 256 HAL — 1 Episcopal, 1 Dutch Reformed, 1 Methodist, 1 and 1 Roman Catholic — 10 stores, 1 railroad car I and coach fac, 2 carriage and wagon fac, 1 car- 1 pet fac, and 1 lumber yard. A loll bridge here crosses llaerlem r. The Ilaerlcm railroad passes through the place, and cars communicate with the City Hall, New Vork, several times an hour. Omnibuses also run continually to the Bowery, through the Third Avenue, a beautifully Macad- amized road. Haerlem belongs to the 12th ward of the city. Haerlem, p-t., Delaware co., O., 27 n. by e. Columbus, 398 W. Situated in the n. e. corner of the county, and possesses a fertile soil. It has 6 sch. 129 scholars. Pop. 9G3. Haeri^em Spring.s, p-o., Carroll co., O., 131 E. N. E. Columbus, 290 W. Hagerman's Mills, p-v., Amsterdam t., Mont- f ornery c6., N. Y., 3G w. n. w. Albany, lO-l W. lere are 1 church, 1 store, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 carpet fac, and about 25 dwellings. Hagerstown, p-v., capital of Washington co., Md., 26 N. w. Frederick, 70 w. Baltimore, 101 n. w. Annapolis, 69 W. It is pleasantly situated on the w. bank of Antictam cr. It is regularly laid out, and built mostly with stone or brick houses, and contains a handsome court house, which cost $50,000, a jail, 2 banks, 2 academie.s, a town hall, masonic hall, an almshouse, 9 churches — 1 Ger- man Reformed, 1 Lutheran, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 2 Methodist, 1 Roman Catholic, and 2 African ; 40 stores of different kinds, 2 for- warding and commission houses, 5 printing of- fices, and 4 daily or weekly newspapers, 400 dwclling.s, and 3,750 inhabitants. Hagerstown, p-v., Monroe t., Preble co., O., 103 w. Columbus, 496 W. Hagerstown, p-v., Wayne co., la., 60 e. In- dianapolis, 522 W. Situated on the w. side of the west fork of White Water r. Hague, p-t, Warren co., N. Y., 91 n. Albany, 464 W. The surface is hilly or mountamous. Bounded E. by Lake George. It has 1 grist m., 4 saw m., 6 sch. 265 sciiolars. Pop. 610. Hague, p-v., Westmoreland co., Va., 76 n. e. Richmond, 135 W. Hague, p-v., Logan co., Ky., 174 s. w. Frank- fort, 688 W. Ha INS, t., Centre co.. Pa., .19 e. Bellefonte. The surface is mountainous; soil, in the valleys, calcareous loam. Two creeks, running w. some distance, are lost in limestone fissures. It con- tains tlie villages of Aaronsburg and Millheim. It has 1 furnace, 4 tanneries, 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac $24,300. Pop. 2,002. Halcottsville, p-o., 3Ii(idlctown t., Dela- ware CO., N. Y., 72 w. s. w. Albany, 345 W. Hale, p-o., Shelby co., O., 78 w. n. w. Colum- bus, 472 W. PIale, t.. Harden co., O. Pop. 267. Halesfokd, p-o., Franklin co., Va., 163 w. s. w. Richmond, 238 W. IlALEVsnuRG, p-o., Luncnburg co., Va., 93 s. w. Richmond, 195 W. Half Acre, v., Putnam co., Ga. It has a Methodist churcli, an academy, 3 stores, and sev- eral dwellings. Half Day, p-o.. Lake co., 111., 232 n. n. e. Springfield, 738 W. Half Moon, p-t., Saratoga co., N. Y., 13 n. Albany, 333 W. The surface is generally level ; soil, sand, sandy loam and clay, and productive. Hudson r. runs on its e. border. The Champlain canal and Rensselaer and Saratoga railroad pass through the t. It has 8 stores, cap. $15,550 ; 2 fulhng m., 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Capital in manufactures $13,990. 1 academy, 69 students, 2 schools, 86 scholars. Population, 2,631. Half Moon, p-t.. Centre co.. Pa., 99 n. w. Harrisburg, 180 W. The surface is mountainous ; soil, in the valleys, calcareous loam. Watered by Bald Eagle cr. and Half Moon run, a branch of Spruce cr. A ridge of the Alleghany moun- tains forms its w. boundary, e. of which is Bald Eagle valley, bounded e. by Bald Eagle ridge. It has 4 stores, cap. §12,01)0; 1 furnace, 1 tan- nery, 1 pottery, 4 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $30,500. 6 sch. 240 scholars. Pop. 1,406. Half Way Swamp, p-o., Edgefield dist., S. C, 82 w. Columbia, 532 W. Halifax, county, Va., situated, centrally, on the s. border of the state, and contains 759 square miles. Staunton r. runs on its n. border. Wa- tered by Bannister and Dan rivers, and their branches. The soil is fertile. Capital, Bannister. There were in 1810, neat cattle 13,614, sheep 17,431, swine 30,981; wheal 78,164 bush, prod., Ind. corn 598,251, oats 281,277, potatoes 15,546, tobacco 6,209,51 1 pounds, cotton 22,289 ; 20 stores, cap. $170,900; 7 tanneries, 1 distillery, 9 flour- ing m., 32 grist m., 38 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $239,000. 1 college, 14 acad. 298 students, 24 sch. 511 scholars. Pop. whites 11,145, slaves 14,216, free col'd 575 ; total, 25,936. Halifax, county, N. C, situated toward the N. E. part of the state, and contains 720 square ms. Roanoke r. runs on its n. e. border, and Fishing cr. on its s. border, by branches of which it is watered. Vessels of 45 tons ascend the Roanoke to the capital of the co. The soil is fer- tile. Capital, Halifax. There were in 1840, neat cattle 13,392, sheep 8,270, swine 38,651 ; wheat 1 1,230 bush, prod., Ind. corn. 669,325, oats 72,032, potatoes 49,162, tobacco 147,246 pounds, cotton 2,905,573; 4 commission houses, cap. $5,100 ; 29 stores, cap. $132,33J; 34 grist m., 7 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $19,875. 9 acad. 153 students, 10 sch. 118 scholars. Pop. whites 5,623, slaves 9,405, free col'd 1,837; total, 16,865. Halifax, p-t., Windham co., Vt., 136 s. 3Iont- pelier, 421 W. The surface is elevated and un- even, and the soil I'ertile, and well adapted to grazing. Watered by Green river, a branch of Deerfield r., and by A'ortii r., both of which afford good water power. On a branch of North r. is a succession of cascades, extending 100 rods, with falls, from 15 to 20 feet each. It has 2 stores, cap. $9,000; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,125. 1 acad. 100 students, 15 sch. 491 scholars. Pop. 1,399. Halifax, p-t., Plymouth co., Mass., 36 s. s. E. Boston, 436 W. 'I'he surface is generally level, and much of the soil fertile. Several large ponds, by their outlets, afford water power. Incorpo- rated in 1734. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,500 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 300 sp., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,000. 5 sch. 139 scholars. Pop. 734. Halifax, p-t., Dauphin co.. Pa., 23 n. Harris- burg. 133 W. Bounded w. by the Susquehanna r. The surface is hilly ; soil, red shale. Peter's mountain bounds it on the s., and a ridge runs through it. The v. is situated on the e. bank of Susquehaima r. Armstrong cr. flows e. of the v., near which it moves a mill, and enters the Susquehanna, one mile above. It has 4 stores, and about 80 dwellings. There are in the t., 13 stores, cap. $31,750 ; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 flouring m., 3 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,735; 7 sch. 445 scholars. Pop. 2,603. HAL 257 HAM Halifax, p-v., capital of Halifax co., Va., 127 s. w. Richmond, 214 W. It is known by the name of Banister. Situated on the s. side of Banister r., 10 miles below the head of naviga- tion. It contains a court house, jail, 2 churches — 1 Episcopal and 1 Methodist — a masonic hall, 4 stores, various mechanic shops, 2 flouring ra., 2 saw m., 2 cotton gins, 25 or 30 dwellings, and 250 or 300 inhabitants. Halifax, pv., port of entry, and capital of Halifax co., N. C, 80 N. e. Raleigh, 220 W. Pleasantly situated on the w. bank of Roanoke r., 7 miles below the great falls, at the head of sloop navigation. It is regularly laid out, and contains a court house, jail, a bank, a church, and has considerable trade. By means of a canal around the falls, the Roanoke is navigable for boats, 130 miles above this place. Halifax, p-v., Wilson county, Tenn., 24 e. Nashville, 660 W. Halifax, p-v., Kemper co.. Miss., 101 e. n. e. Jackson, 913 W. Hall, county, Ga. Situated toward the n. e. part of the state, and contains 523 sq. ms. The surface is hilly ; and the soil, in some places, ex- cellent. Watered by Sooque r., with its branch- es, which unite with Chestatee r., on the w. bor- der of the CO., to form the Chattahoochee river. Capital, Gainesville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,637, sheep 4,199; swine 12,041; wheat 24,496 bushels prod., rye 868, Ind. corn 224,335, barley 10, oats 39,446, potatoes 8,950, tobacco 19,190 pounds, cotton 482,313; 16 stores, cap. $33,600 ; 4 tanneries, 7 distilleries, 3 flouring m., 34 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $35,994. 2acad. 40 students, 13 sen. 313 scholars. Pop. whites 6,773, slaves 1,099, free col'd 3; total, 7,875. Hallett's Cove, p-v., Queens co., N. Y. (See Astoria.) Halloca, p-o., Muscogee co., Ga., 140 w. s. w. MilJedgeviile, 773 W. Hallowell, p-t., Kennebec co., Me., 2 s. Augusta, 5'J3 W. The village is pleasantly situ- ated on the w. side of Kennebec r. The prin- cipal streets run parallel with the river, and are crossed by other streets, which ascend as they proceed back from the r., to the height of 2 ;0 feet. The principal business street runs near the r., and conlains a large number of fine brick stores and warehouses. The houses are built with neatness and taste, and have commanding situations. Vessels of 150 tons, and drawing 9 feet of water, come to its wharves. It has con- siderable shipping, engaged chiefly in the coast- ing trade. Steamboats ply between this place, and I'ortland, and Boston, Granite is found in Hallowell, and extensively exported. It is of a light color, and is easily wrought The t. extends on both sides of the river. It has 4 tanneries. Cap. in manufac. $13,500. 1 acad. 36 students, 29 sch. 950 scholars. Pop. 4,654. Hallowell Cross Roads, p-o., Kennebec CO., Me., 4 w. by s. Augusta. 598 W. Hall's Stream, N. H., a small r., rises in the highlands which form the n. e. boundary of tlie United States, and flows into Connecticut river, forming its n. w. source. By the late treaty, tliis stream constitutes a part of the boundary of the United States, until it intersects the old line of 1784, marked as 45° n. lat., but which is now ascertained to be a little north of 45 degrees. The old line, however, is fixed on as the perma- nent boundary. Hallsborough, p-o., Chesterfield co., Va., 18 s. Richmond, 135 W. It contains 1 Baptist church, 1 store, and several dwellings. 33 Hall's Corners, p-o., Seneca t., Ontario co., N. Y., 184 w. Albany, 337 W. Hall's Cross Roads, p-o., Harford co., Md., 59 N. Annapolis, 69 W. Hall's Mills, p-v., Rensselaerville t., Albany CO., N. Y., 31 Albany, 364 W. Here are 1 church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., and about 20 dwell- ings. Hall's Store, p-o., Sussex co., Del., 66 s. Dover, 153 W. Hall's Valley, p-o., Morgan co., O., 77 e. Columbus, 336 W. Hallsville, p-o., Minden t., Montgomery co., N. Y., 53 w. N. w. Albany, 389 W. Hallsville, p-v., DupUn co., N. C, 97 s. E. Raleigh, 327 W. Hallsville, p-o., Coleraine t., Ross co., O., 63 s. Columbus, 408 W. Hallsville, p-v., Chester dist., S. C, 52 n. Columbia, 476 W. Hallstown, p-v., Jefferson co., Va., 172 n. Richmond, 61 VV. Hambaugh's, po., Warren co., Va., 147 n. n. w. Richmond, 93 W. PIamburg, p-v., Lyme t.. New London co., Ct., 34 s. s. E. Hartford, 333 W. Hamburg, p-t., Erie co., N. Y., 300 w. Albany, 372 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, a fer- tile calcareous loam, adapted to grain or grass. Drained by Smokes, Rush, and Cauquaga creeks, flowing into Lake Erie, which bounds it on the w. It has 3 stores, cap. $35,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 16 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $19,100; 31 sch. 1,3^3 scholars. Pop. 3,727. Hamburg, p-v., Vernon t., Sussex co., N. J., 86 N. Trenton, 251 W. Situated near the E. bank of Wallkill r. It contains 1 church, belong- ing to the Presbyterians and Baptists, 4 stores, 2 grist m., 2 saw m., and about 20 dwellings. Hamburg, p v., Windsor t., Berks co.. Pa., 68 E. N. E. Harrisburg, 161 W. Situated near the Schuylkill Water Gap of Blue mountain, and contains 1 church, common to Lutherans and German Presbyterians, 5 stores, 1 grist m., 100 dwellings, and about 700 hihabitants. Hamburg, p-v., Edgefield dist., S. C, 79 s. w. Columbia, 5/4 W. Situated on the e. side of Savannah r., opposite to Augusta, Ga., with which it is connected by a bridge, i,000 feet long. The South Carolina railroad, 133^ miles long, connects this place with Charieslon, and cost ;S1,75j,0J0. The v. is divided into the upper and lower town. The latter, where most of the business is done, is on the bank of the r. Back of the r. the ground rises abruptly to tlie height of 6J or 70 feel, on the top of which tlie upper town is built, having many commanding and airy situations. It is regularly laid out, and contains a bank, a printing office, many large stores and warehouses, 450 dweihngs, and about 2,500 in- habitants. Hamburg, p-v., Macon co., Ga., 88 s. w. Mil- ledge ville, 744 W. Situated 4 ms. w. of Flint r. Hambukg, p-v.. Perry co., Ala., 65 s. Tusca- loosa, 841 W. Hamburg, p-v., Calhoun co., 111., 95 s. w. Springfield, 865 W. Situated on the e. side of Mississippi r. It has a good landing. It contains 3 stores, cap. $9,0U0 ; 1 grist m. Cap. in manu- fac. $30,500. 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 214. Hamburg, p-v., Hardin co., Tenn., 140 s. w. Nashville, 817 W. Hamburg, p-t., Livingston co., Mich., 51 w. n. w. Detroit, 544 W. It is a fertile t., and has 2 stores, cap. .$8,000; 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,000. 6 sch. 173 scholars. Pop 602. HAM 258 HAM Hamburg, p-v., Clarke co., la., 120 s. by E. Lidianapolis, 603 W. Hamburg, p-o., Franklin co., Miss., 95 s. w. Jacksor^ 1,104 W. Ha.mburg o.\ the Lake, p-v., Hamburg t., Erie CO., N. Y., 300 w. Albany, 379 \V. Situated on the E. shore of Lake Erie, and contains 1 church, 2 stores, 2 tanneries, and about 30 dwell- ings. Hamden, p-t., Delaware co., N. Y., 89 w. s. w. Albany, 329 W. The surface is broken and mountainous ; soil, various. Drauied by w. branch of Delaware r. It has 5 stores, cap. $8,300; 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,356. 13 sch. 461 scholars. Pop. 1,469. Hamden, p-t.. New Haven co., Ct., 33 s. s. w. Hartford, 306 W. Situated between two moun- tain ranges, terminating at East and West Rock, near New Haven. Soil adopted to grazing. Drained by Mill r., Avhich affords water power. The V. of Whitneyville is situated in the s. E. part of the t., and has some mills and manufac- tories. The Farmington canal passes through the t. It has 3 stores, cap. $6,000; 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in nianufac. $47,300. 10 sch. 529 scholars. Pop. 1,797. Ha.mersville, p-o., Clark t.. Brown co., O., 115 s. s. w. Cohmibus, 474 W. Hamilton, county, N. Y. Situated in the n. E. part of the state, and contains 1,064 sq. miles. Erected in LSIG, organized in 183S. The surface is elevated, and in part hilly and mountainous, abounding with numerous small lakes and ponds. Drained by Indian and Sacandaga rivers, branch- es of the iludson r., and Moose and Racket riv- ers. The middle and n. parts are a wilderness Iron ore extensively exi.sts. t'apital, Lake Pleas- ant. There were in 1H40, neat cattle 2,056, sheep 3,263, swine 1,034; wheat 3,021 bu.sh. produced, Ind. corn 3,660, buckwheat 2,843, oats 13,697, potatoes 45,264, sugar 35,156 pounds ; 3 stores cap. $9,500; 2 grist m.. 22 saw m. Cap. in man- Ufac. $15,415. 13 sch. 579 scholars. Pop, 1,907. Hamilton, county, O. Situated in the s. w. corner of the stale, and contains 400 sq. miles. The soil is productive, and well adapted to grain and fruit. Watered by Little and Big Miami, and Whitewater rivers, and 31ill and Deer creeks. The Ohio r. washes its s. border. Capital, Cin- cinnati. There were in 1840, neat cattle 16,370, sheep 17,-271, swine 51,.S33; wheat 2 13,8 15 bush, produced, rye 14,381, Ind. com 1,356,889, buck- wheat 2,0S6, barley 25,107, oats 290,670, potatoes 120,355 ; 42 commercial and 36 com. houses, cap. $5,200,000; 1,139 stores, cap. $12,961,590; 23 lumber yards, cap. $161,3iK' ; 14 furnaces, 6 fulling m., 13 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac, 24 tan- neries, 13 distilleries, 7 breweries, 1 powder m., 1 pottery, 22 flouring ra., 9 grist m., 30 saw m., 5 oil m., 1 pajier fac, 32 printing ofliccs. Cap. in raanuiac. $7,792,312. 3 colleges, 112 students, 3 acad. 245 students, 122 sell. 6,544 scholars. Pon. 1830, 52,321 ; 1840, 80,145. Hamilton, county, Tenn. Situated in the s. E. part of the stale, and contains 464 sq. ms. Ten- nessee r. runs through the middle of the co. Wa- tered by s?nall branches of the Tennessee r., the largest of which is Chickamauga creek. Capital, Dallas. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,116, sheep 3,561, swine 23,393; wheat 11,699 bush, produced, rye 1,796, Indian corn 282,295, oats 29,590, potatoes 7,378, cotton 13,755 pounds ; 4 commission houses, cap. $1,700; 21 stores, cap. $120,150 ; 2 tanneries, 6 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 16 grist m., 22 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $32,450. 3 sch. 133 scholars. Pop. whites 7,498, slaves 584, free cord93: total, 8,175. Ha.milton, county, Flor. Situated in the n. part of the ter. Withlacoochee r. runs on its w. border, and the Little Suwannee r. on the s. The soil is good, and finely watered. Drained by AUapahaw r., which passes through its centre. Capital, Jasper. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,913, swine 5,133 ; Ind. corn 20,798 bush, pro- duced, potatoes 14,255, rice 14,950, cotton 54,000 pounds ; 4 stores, cap. $14,500 ; 6 grist m., 1 saw ni. Cap. in manufac. $7,400. 1 sch. 12 schol- ars. Pop. whiles 1,034, slaves, 427, free col'd 3 ; total, 1,464. Hamilto.n, county, la. Situated in the cen- tral part of the state, and contains 400 sq. miles. The land along the streams is well timbered. There are some prairies. Watered by w. fork of White r. and its tributaries. Capital, Nobles- ville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,923, sheep 6,924, swine 28,930 ; wheat 40,662 bush. produced, rye 2,572, Indian com 410,569, buck- wheat 1,370, oats 57,143, potatoes 31,255, tobacco 12,747 pounds, sugar 139,353; 16 stores, capital $66,820 ; 4 tanneries, 9 distilleries, 22 grist m., 30 saw m., 2 potteries, 2 printing offices. Cap. in manufac. $29,520. 10 sch. 314 scholars. Pop. 9,855. Hamilton, county. 111. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 432 sq. ms. Or- ganized in 1821. The soil is indiflferent, with considerable swamp in the n. part. Watered by branches of Saline creek and Little Wabash r. Capital, McLeansboro. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,717, sheep 2,451, swine 10,671 ; wheat 10,675 bush, produced, Ind. corn 122,095, oats 120,768, potatoes 5,056, tobacco 3,830 pounds, cotton 18,430; 12 stores, cap. $13,550; 2 tanner- ies, 10 distilleries, 1 pottery, 20 grist m., 4 saw m. 7 sch. 67 scholars. Pop. 3,945. Hamilton, p-t., Essex co., Mass., 22 n. n. e. Boston, 462 W. The surface is gently uneven ; soil, fertile. Organized in 1793. Watered by a branch of Ipswich r. It has 4 stores, cap. $2,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2.sawm. Cap. in manufac. $14,500. 4. sch. 160 scholars. Pop. 818. Hamilton, p-t., Madison co., N. Y., 96 w. by iN. Albany, 355 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, a fertile calcareous loam. Drained by the head waters of Chenango r. The v. is situated on Chenango r., and contains 3 churches, an acade- my, 20 stores, 1 flouring ni., 1 tannery, 400 dwellings, and about 1,500 inhabitants. The Hamilton Literary and Theological Institution is located here, and is under the direction of the Baptists. It was founded in 1820, has 4 profes- .sors, 27 students, has educated 124, and has 2,2.50 vols, in its library. It has 2 collegiate edifices. There are in the t., 17 stores, cap. $43,575 ; 3 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 2 printing offices, 1 weekly newspaper, 4 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $40,625. 1 acad. 187 students, 18 sch. 916 scholars. Pop. 3,738. Ha.mjlton, t., Atlantic co., N. J., 30 s. e. Woodbury. The surface is level; soil, sandy, covered with pine forest. Drained by Great Ku'j Harbor. It contains the v. of May's Landing It has 8 stores, cap. $14,400 ; 1 furnace, 1 forg<', 2 grist in., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $22,15t). 6 sell. 462 scholars. Pop. 1,565. Hamilton, t., Adams co.. Pa., 12 n. e. Get- tysburg. The surface is level ; soil, red gravel and flint. Conewago or. flows on its w. and.v boundary. Watered by Beaver run. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,000; 3 distilleries, 2 potteries, I HAM 259 HAM flouring m., 2 saw ni. (^ap. in raanulac. $17,700. 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 1,069. Hamilton, p-v., Loudon co., Va., 159 ms. n. Richmond, 40 W. Hamilton, p-v., Martin co., N. C, 127 e. Ra- leigh, 251 W. Hamilton', p-v., Fairfield t., capital of Butler CO., O., 102 w. s. w. Columbus, 490 W. Situa- ted on the s. e. bank of the Great Miami r., and contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episco- pal, 1 3Iethodist, 1 Associate Reformed, and 1 Roman Catholic — 1 female academy, 1 bani, 13 stores, 7 warehouses, 2 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 brew- ery, 1 cloth dressing and carding machine, 250 dwellings, and about 1,800 inhabitants. It is con- nected with Rossville, on the opposite side of Miami r., by a bridge. Hamilton, v., Blockley t, Philadelphia co.. Pa., 1 m. w. from the bridge over the Schuyl- kill r. It has several streets crossing each other at right angles, and contains a church, several stores, some pleasant country seats, and about 70 dwellings. H.vmilton, t., Franklin co., O. Situated on the E. side of Scioto r. The Columbus lateral canal passes through it. It has 2 schools, and 40 scholars. Pop. 1,119. Hamilton, t., Jackson co., O., 8 Jackson C. H. It has 1 furnace. Pop. 1,711. Hamilton, t., Warren co., O. It has 7 sch. 809 scholars. Pop. 2,457. Hamilton, p-t., Van Buren co., Mich. Pop. 145. Hamilton, p-v., Hamilton co., 111. H.iMiLTON, p-v., capital, Harris co., Ga., 126 w. s. w. MilledgevUle. Situated on the western extremity of Oak mt., and contains a court house, jail, 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist church, 2 acade- mies, 5 stores, and 35 dweUings. Hamilton, p-v., Autauga co., Ala., 92 s. e. Tuscaloosa, 847 W. Hamilton, p-v., Monroe co., Mis.s., 156 n. e. Jackson, 897 W. Situated U ms. e. of the Tom- bigbee r. Hamilton, t., McKean co.. Pa. It has 2 saw in. Cap. in manufac. $2,000. Pop. 52. Hamilton, t., Franklin co.. Pa. The surface is hilly ; soil, calcareous loam, and slaty. Drain- ed by the main branch of Conecoclieague cr., and Back cr. its tributary. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 1 distillery, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,000. 7 sch. 210 scholars. Pop. 1,719. Hamilton, t., Monroe co.. Pa. The surface is partly hilly or mountainous, and pnrtly level ; soil, gravel. Drained by McMichaels, Pokons, and Cherry creeks, which flow e. to the Dela- ware. It has 3 stores, cap. $10,500 ; 1 tannery, 5 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,100. Pop. 1,50S. Hamilton Ban, t., Adams co., Pa. The siu-- face is level ; soil, calcareous loam and red gravel. The 3. branch of 3Iarsh cr. flows on its n. boun- dary, and tlie main stream of that cr. on the e. Watered by Middle cr.. Muddy run, and Toms cr. Copper and iron ore are found, and some sulphur springs. It has 6 stores, cap. $2,500 ; 2 furnaces, 6 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 8 saw m., 13 sch. 394 scholars. Pop. 1,460. Hamiltonville, or JNewtouTi Hamilton, p-v., Wayne t., MiflfUn co.. Pa. Situated on tlie w. bank of Juniata r., and on the line of the Penn- sylvania canal. In 1823, it contained but 4 huts. It now has several stores, and about 40 dwell- ings. H\mlins Grant, t., O.xford co., Me. It has 1 ■ch. 42 scholars. Pop. 80. Hamlinton, p-o., Wayne CO., Pa., 131 N. K. Harrisburg, 245 W. Ham.mock"s Grove, p-o., Crawford co., Go., 62 s. w. Miiledgevillo, 718 W. Hammond, p-t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 189 N. N. w. Albany, 436 W. The surface is level ; soil, a fertile sand and clay, adapted to grain or grass. The St. Lawrence r. bounds it on the w., and Black lake on the e. The v. contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 2 stores, 25 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. There are in the t., 3 stores, cap. $13,000 ; 3 fuUing m., 1 tannery, 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,600. 10 sch. 388 scholars. Pop. 1,845. Hammondsport, p-v., Urbannat., Steuben co., N. Y. Situated at the s. end of Crooked lake. It contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Episcopal church, 12 stores, 3 warehouses, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 tannery, 100 dwellings, and 700 in- habitants. A passage boat plies daily 22 ms. to Penn Yan, and it oommunicates 8 ms. with Sene- ca lake, by Crooked Lake canal. Ham.-mond's Mills, p-o., Wmdham co., Vt., 113 s. Montpelier, 440 W. Hammond's Mills, p-o., Campbell t., Steuben CO., N. Y., 214 w. s. w. Albany, 285 W. Hammond's Stoue, p-o., Anson co., N. C, 151 s. w. Raleigh, 430 W. Hammoxton, p-o., Atlantic co., N. J., 60 s Trenton, 170 W. Hajviorton, p-o., Chester co.. Pa., 78 e. s. e. Harrisburg, 109 W. IIa.mpde.n, county, Mass. Situated in the s. toward the w. part of the state, and contains 585 sq. ms. Organized in 1812. Watered by Con- necticut r., which runs from n. to s. through the middle of the co., and Westfield and Chickopee rivers its branches, which afford extensive water power. Quinebaug r. rises in Brimfield, in the s. E. part of the co. The surface is various, and the soil fertile. The Hampshire and Hampden canal, a continuation of the Farmington canal, passes through the co. Small steamboats nin on the Connecticut r. to Springfield. Capital, Springfield. There were in 1840, neat cattle 20,481, sheep 29,176, swine 8,818; wheat 9,852 bush, produced, rye 95,633, Ind. corn 134,461, buckwheat 21,376, oats 126,763, potatoes 334,764, sugar 5^,391 pounds; 144 stores, cap. $402,600 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $6,000 ; 7 fulling m., 5 woollen fac, 17 cotton fac. 86,998 sp., 21 tanne- ries, 2 distilleries, 2 breweries, 6 powder m., 25 grist m., 62 saw in., 7 paper the, 8 printing offices, 2 binderie.s, 5 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $3,369,515. 7 acad. 710 students, 203 sell. 6,535 scholars. Pop. 37,366. Ha.mpden, p-t., Penobscot co., 3Ie., 62 e. n. e. Augusta, 657 W. Situated on the w. side of the Penobscot r., 6 ms. s. Bangor. Watered by Sowadabscook r., which affords extensive water power. The soil is fertile. It exports lumber, and agricultural productions. It has 15 stores, cap. $15,700 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 paper fac, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m , 8 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $50,950. 1 acad. 98 students, 15 sch. 1,219 scholars. Pop. 2,663. Hampden, p-t., Geauga co., O., 173 N. E. Co- lumbus, 338 W. It has 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 3 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $450. 9 sch. 326 scholars. Pop. 810. Hamp.siiire, county, Mass. Situated central- ly toward the w. part of the state, and contains 532 sq. ins. ('onnecticut r. runs through the middle of it, from n. to s., by which, and small tributaries, which afford water power, it is water- ed. Tiie surface and soil are various, but on t-'onnecticul r. it is exceedingly fertile. The old HAM 260 HAN county of Hampshire, whioli included Franklin and Ilainpflen counties, was organized in 166'2. Capital, Nortliampion. There were in 1840, neat caltle 22,533, sheep 60,935, swine 8,955; wheat 15,974 bush, produced, rye 66,542, Ind. corn 175,271, buckwheat I4,S52, barley 2,211, oats 97,449, potatoes 355,733, sugar 141,316 pounds ; 123 stores, cap. $326,750 ; 2 furnaces, 19 fulling m., 17 woollen fac, 5 cotton fac. 1,400 sp., 25 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 40 grist m., 122 saw m., 6 paper fac, 5 printing offices, 3 binde- ries, 3 weekly newspapers, (ap. in manufac. $'.163,285. 1 college, 169 students, 11 acad. 5S9 students, 201 sch. 8,909 scholars. Pop. 30,897. H.\.MP.SHIRE, county, Va. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contaijs 960 sq. ms. The N. branch of the Potomac r. tuns on its n. border. Watered by the s. branch of the Potomac, and several tributaries of the Potomac. Several mountain ridges pass through it ; the soil in the valleys between them is very fertile. Capital, Konniey. There were in 1840, neat cattle 14.937, sheep 27,446, swine 17,781 ; wheat 178,711 bush, produced, rye 52,148, Ind. corn 470,797, buckwheat 26,167, oats 173,953, pota- toes 71,397; 25 stores, cap. $158,100; 1 forge, 3 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 11 tanneries, 3 dis- tilleries, 16 flouring m., 32 grist m., 62 saw m., 2 oil m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufiic. $63,320. 2 acad. 55 students, 25 sch. 522 scholars. Pop. whites 10,703, slaves 1,403, free col'd 189 ; total, 12,295. Hami'siiire, p-o., Maury co., Tenn. II.\.Mi>siiiRE, p-o., Kane co., 111., 215 n. n. e. Springfield, 767 \V. H.v.MPSTEAD, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H.,29 s. s. E. Concord, 4b2 W. Chartered in 1749. Wa- tered by branches of Merrimac r., which flow from ponds in the t. The soil of the t. is hard and fertile. It has 4 stores, cap. $6,100; 2 grist m., 3 saw m. ('ap. in manufac. $9,450. 7 sch. 231 scholars. Pop. 890. Ha.mpstead, pv., Carroll co., Md., 56 n. w. Annapolis, 66 W. IIampsteao, p-v., King George co., Va., 89 n. N. E. Richmond, 85 W. Ha.mptox, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H., 47 s. E. Concord, 481 W. It lies on the Atlantic, which washes its s. e. border. Along its shore is a fine beach, in one part of which is a singular bluff, denominated the Roar's Head. It has a good harbor, and a number of vessels employed in the coasting trade and the fisheries. It was incorpo- rated in 1636. There are in the t., 6 stores, cap. S7,900 ; 3 tanncrie.'j, 4 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 acad. 47 students, 5 sch. 219 scholars. Pop. 1,320. Hampton, p-t., Windham co., Ct., 41 e. Hart- ford, 36i W. The surface is uneven and the soil a fertile gravelly loam. Watered by a branch of Shetncket r., which affords water power. The V. is pleasantly situated on elevated groimd, on a smgle street, half a mile long, and contains a Con- gregational church and about 40 dwellings. There are m the t., 6. stores, cap. $21,700; 1 fulling m 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton IKc. 900 sp., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 4 saw n\. Cap. in manufac. $43,900. 9 sch. 365 scholars. Pop. l,lf>G. Hampton, p-t., Washington co., N. Y., 26 n. Salem, 73 n. by k. Albany. The surface is hilly, with fertde valleys. Drained by Poultney r, ■which separates it from the state of Vermont. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 tannery. Cap. in manufac. $8,740. 5 sdi. 230 scholars. Pop. 972. Hampton, v., Westmoreland t., Oneida co.. N. Y. Situated on a branch of Oriskany cr. It containa 2 churches— 1 Presbyterian and 1 Meth- odist — 4 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 60 dwell- ings, and about 400 inhabitants. A little n. of the V. is a mineral spring. Hampton, p-v., Reading t., Adams co.. Pa., 29 s. w. Harrisburg, 86 W. It contains 2 stores, 35 dwellings, and about 290 inhabitants. Ha.mpto.n, p-v., capital of Elizabeth City co., Va., 94 E. s. e. Richmond, 209 W. Situated on the \v. side of Hampton r., about a mile from its entrance into Hampton roads. It contains a court house, jail, 4 churches — 2 Methodist, 1 Baptist, and 1 Episcopal — 16 stores, 2 castor oil fac, 150 dwellings, and about 1,200 inhabitants. Hampton, p-v.. Rock Island co.. 111., 150 n. n. vv. Springfield, 880 W. Pop. 64. Hampton Roads, Va., a branch of Chesa- peake bay, off the mouth of James r., between Old Point Comfort on the n., and Willoughby point on the s. It is sufficiently deep for the largest ships of war, and is an important naval station. On Old Point Comfort, there have been ceded to the United States 250 acres ; and on the point a fortification, called Fort Monroe, is in pro- gress, which will mount 335 guns, generally 24, 32, and 43 pounders, 130 of which are under bomb proof covers. On the opposite point, 1 m. distant. Fort Calhoun is erecting. The founda- tion is made by throwing in stones, and it covers about 7 acres. It was found necessary to wait for this foundation to settle, and the superstruc- ture has barely been commenced. This fort i8 designed to mount 265 guns, 24's and 32's, and nearly all under cover. These forts will com- pletely command the entrance to Hampton roads. Ha.mptonburg, p-t.. Orange co., N. Y., 4 n. e. Goshen, 99 s. s. w. Albany, 282 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, a fertile clay loam. Drained by Murderer's cr. E., and VValikill creek, which bounds it on the w. It has 5 sch. 248 scholars. Pop. 1,379. Hampton Falls, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H., 16 s. w. Portsmouth, 45 s. e. Concord, 482 W. Incorporated in 1712. The situation is pleasant, having the Atlantic on its s. E. border. The soil is moderately fertile. It has2 stores, cap. $1,590; 1 grist m., 1 acad. 40 students, 3 sch. 150 scholars. Pop. 656. Hamptonville, p-v., Surry co., N. C, 146 w. \. w. Raleigh, 357 W. Hamtramck, t., Wayne co., Mich. It has 1 tannery, 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $19,200. 1 college, 30 students, 3 sch. 95 scholars. Pop. 1,797. Hancock, county, flie. Situated in the s., toward the e. part of the state, and contains 1,850 .sq. ms. Bordered by the Atlantic on the s., along the coast of which are scattered numerous isl- ands, .some of them large, and many bays, and it has a great number of excellent harbors. The soil is generally fertile. Watered by Union r., which, with other streams, atlbrds excellent wa- ter power. Capital, Castine. There were in 1810, neat cattle 17,950, sheep 3i,758, swine 6,716; wheat 27.627 bush, produced, rye 2,836, Ind. corn 5,749, barley 18,181, oats 20,660, pota- toes 496,430, sugar 1,010 pounds ; 5 commercial houses in for. trade, cap. $85,0)0; 120 stores, cap. $228,500; cap. invested in fisheries, $49,470; 10 fulling m., 4 woollen fac, 21 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 41 grist m., 77 saw m., 8 oil m. Cap. in man- utiic. $178,111. 5 acad. 179 students, 252 sch. 10,946 scholars. Pop. 28,605. Hancock, county, Ga. Situated a little n. E. of the centre of the state, and contains 600 sq. ms. The Oconee r. runs on its w. border, and Great Ogeechee r. on its e. border. Watered by branches of these rivers. Capital, Sparta. There HAN 261 HAN were in 1840, neat cattle 10,721, sheep 7,360, swine 26,929 ; wheat 34,455 bush, produced, Ind. corn 447,820, oats 24,871, potatoes 24,304, cotton 13,313,924 pounds ; 5 stores, cap. $44,000 ; 1 tan- nery, 3 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $19,000. Pop. wliites 3,697, slaves 5,915, free col'd 47 ; total, 9,659. Hancock, county. Miss. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and contains 1,680 sq. miles. Bounded on tlte s. by Lake Borgne, a branch of the Gulf of Mexico. The surface is rolling, to- ward the N., more level to the s. The soil is light and sterile, chiefly covered with pine. Pearl r. runs on its w. border. Capital, Shieldsboro'. There were in 1840, neat cattle 17,097, sheep 783, swine 10,764 ; Ind. corn 24,052 bush, produced, potatoes 27,683, rice 46,000 pounds, cotton 134,700 ; 24 stores, cap. $53,100 ; 1 tannery, 9 grist m., 10 sawm. Cap. in manufac. $111,000. 2 acad. 40 students, 3 sch. 47 scholars. Pop. wliites 2,237, slaves 1,056, free col'd 74 ; total, 3,367. Hancock, county, Ky. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 200 sq. ms. The Ohio r. runs on its n. boundary, and rough cr., a branch of Green r. on its s. border. Blackford's r. forms a part of its w. boundary. The surface is hilly. Stone coal is mined in large quantities, and iron ore is found. Capital, Hawesville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,017, sheep 3,390, swine 10,321 ; wheat 10,274 bush, produced, Ind. corn 134,400, oats 19,800, potatoes 3,834, tobacco 270,497 pounds, sugar 2,479 ; 9 stores, capital $37,094 ; 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 grist m., 3 saw ni. Cap. in manufac. .§9,900. Pop. whites 2,039, slaves 539, free col'd 3 ; total, 2,531. Hancock, county, O. Situated toward the n. W. part of the state, and contains 576 sq. ms. The soil is fertile and well watered. Drained by Blanchard's Fork and its tributaries, which flow into Mauraee r., and by tributaries of Portage r., which flows into Lake Erie. Capital, Findlay. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,826, sheep 8,268, swine 87,081; wheat 41,876 bush, produc- ed, rye 16,525, Ind. corn 173,660, buckwheat 8,889, oats 85,150, potatoes 17,911, sugar 142,950 pounds; 14 stores, cap. $33,150; 4 tanneries, 11 grist m., 12 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $27,812. 81 sch. 3,189 scholars. Pop. 9,936. Hancock, county, la. Situated a little e. of the centre of the state, and contains 310 sq. ms. Organized in 1828. Drained by Blue r.. Sugar cr., and Brandywine cr., which afford good water power. The surface is level, or gently rollmg ; soil, fertile and heavily timbered. Capital, Green- field. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,745, sheep 5,789, swine 28,306; wheat 28,531 bush, produced, rye 2,130, Ind. corn 236,095, oats 66,3j2, potatoes 11,090, tobacco 10,034 pounds, sugar 39,030; 15 stores, cap. $51,075; 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 9 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $28,850. 7 sch. 156 scholars. Population, 7,535. Hancock, county. 111. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 775 sq. ms. The Mis- sissippi r. runs on its \v. boundary. Watered by Crooked cr., with its branches, a tributary of Illi- nois r., and by the N. fork of Bear cr., wliich flows uito the Mississippi r. Organized in 1825. The soil bordering the Mississippi is fertile. Capital, Carthage. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,827, sheep 6,334, swine 17,092 ; wheat 49,860 bushels produced, Ind. corn 259,820, buckwheat 1,812, oats 53,5'76, potatoes 23,934, tobacco 1,910 pounds, sugar 1,316; 23 stores, cap. $56,000; 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 7 grist m., 12 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 printing offices, 1 periodical, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $43,070. 24 sch. 819 scholars. Pop. 9,946. Hancock, p-t., Hancock co.. Me., 95 e. Au- gusta, 677 W. The s. e. part is a peninsula, nearly surrounded by branches of Frenchman's bay. It contains 1 saw m., 7 sch. 296 scholars. Pop. 760. Hancock, p-t., Hillsboro' co., N. H., 34 s. w. Concord, 454 W. The surface is uneven or mountainous. The soil is fertile, adapted to grazing, with some intervals on its streams. Watered by Contoocook r. and its tributaries, af- fording water power. Long Pond, a considerable body of water, lies partly in the w. part. It con- tains 4 stores, cap. $22,500 ; 2 fulling m., 1 cotton fac. 448 sp., 3 tanneries, 1 paper fac, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 3 saw. Cap. in manufac. $38,217. 2 acad. 176 students, 11 sch. 439 scholars. Pop. 1,345. Hancock, p-t., Addison co., Vt., 39 s. s. w. Montpelier, 486 W. Situated on the Green mountain range, and suited only to grazing. Chartered in 1780. It is on the dividing ridge be- tween Lake Champlain and Connecticut r., some of its streams flowing into Otter cr., and others into White r. It has 2 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 1 full- ing m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manulac. $3,800. 5 sch. 200 scholars. Pop. 465. Hancock, p-t., Berkshire co., Mass., 143 w. Boston, 379 W. Incorporated in 1776. The state of N. Y. bounds it on the w. Drained by head branches of Kinderkook cr. and Housatonic r. The surface is mountainous, and the soil adapted to grazing. It has 1 cotton fac. 920 sp., 3 tanneries, 2 oil m. Cap. hi manufac. $16,400. 1 sch. 190 scholars. Pop. 922. Hancock, p-t., Delaware co., N. Y., 123 w. s. w. Albany, 291 W. The surface is broken and mountainous. Delaware r. runs on its s. w. bor- der. Watered by Papacton branch and its tribu- taries. It has 1 store, cap. $5,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,455. 8 sch. 240 scholars. Pop. 1,026. Hancock, pt., Washington co., Md., 125 n. w. Annapolis, 92 W. Situated on the n. bank of Potomac r. It contains 2 churches, 4 stores, and about 30 or 40 dwellings. Han'cock Bridge, p-v.. Lower Alloways i., Salem co., N. J., 85 s. w. Trenton, 180 W. It contains 1 Friends church, 2 stores, and about 40 dwellings. The surroiuiding country is fer- tile. Hancock Factory, p-v., Hancock t., Hills- boro' CO., N. H., 30 s. w. Concord, 458 W. It (■ontains a cotton fac, a paper fac, and several other manufacturing establishments, and an academy. Hancockville, p-v.. Union dist., S. C, 85 n. w. Columbia, 453 W. Handv, t., Livingston co., Mich. It has 2 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. i58. Hankord's Landing, p-o., Greece t., Monroe CO., IN. Y., 223 w. N. w. Albany, 373 W. Hanging Rock, p-v., Hampshire co., Va., 175 N. N. w. Richmond, 103 W. It contains 1 Meth- odist church, and 1 free to all denominations, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m. There are in the neigh- borhood 2 grist m., 1 oil m., and 1 carding ma- chine. Hanging Rock, p-o.. Upper t., Lawrence co., O., 118 s. s. e. Columbus, 426 W. Hanna's, p-o., Sumner co., Tenn., 36 n. e Nashville, 677 W. Hannahsburg, p-v., Butler co.. Pa., 207 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 238 W. It contains 1 store and 12 or 15 dwellings. HAN 262 HAN llANNinAi., p-t., Oswego co., -N. Y., 176 w. n. w. Albany, 36'i W. The siirCace is undulating; soil, a fertile loam. Drained by small creeks, flowing into Lake Ontario. It has 9 stores, cap. $40,700 ; 2 fulling in., 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $42,000. 15 sch. 743 scholars. Pop. 2;2.C'>9. Hannib.vlvili.e, v., Hannibal t., Oswego co., N. V. It contains 2 churches, 3 stores, 1 grist ni., 1 saw m., and about 30 dwellings. Ha\.\'iii.\l, p-v., Marion co.. Mo., 108 n. n. e. JefTersoii city, 912 W. Situated on the w. bank of the Mississippi r. It has 10 stores, 4 commission and forwarding houses, 2 steam saw' m., 1 steam llouring m., and 60;) inhabitants. Hanover, county, Va. Situated toward the E. part of the state, and contains 630 sq. nis. North Anna r. runs on its n. e. border. Watered by its tributaries. The surface is hilly, and the soil various, from the most fertile to the most sterile. Capital, Hanover. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,388, sheep 9,051, swine 13,703; wheat 47,905 bush, produced, rye 1,013, Ind. corn 349,750, oats 177,347, potatoes 26,332, to- bacco 615,156 pounds, cotton 22,549; 17 stores, cap. S20,300 ; 1 tannery, 2 flouring m., 19 grist in., 16 saw m. Cap. in manufac. !i!35,y65. 23 acad. 417 students. Pop. whites 6,262, slaves 8,394, free col'd 312 ; total, 14,968. Hanover, p-t., Grafton co., N. XL, 54 n. w. Concord, 488 W. Situated on Connecticut r., over which is a bridge, connecting it with Nor- wich, V't. The surface is pleasantly diversified, and the soil is fertile. Moose mountain, an ele- vated ridge, crosses the e. part of the t. from n. to s. The v. is pleasantly situated on a plain, half a mile E. of the r., and has a considerable number of neat buildings, mostly ranged round a square of about 12 acres. It contains a Congre- gational church, several stores, and the buildings of Dartmouth College, an old and highly re- spectable institution. It was founded in 1770, and contains, including the Medictal Institution, a president, 15 professors or other instructor.";, has had 2,052 alumni, has 310 students, and 16,500 vols, in its libraries. The commencement is on the last Thursday in July. The medical institu- tion was instituted in 1797, when there were but 3 others existing in the V. States, has 6 professors, 72 siutlents, and has had 577 graduates. The annual course of lectures commences on the 1st or 2d Thursday in August. There are 3 build- ings of the institution ; the centre or principal one of wood, 150 by 50 feet, for uixdergraduates ; a medical building, 75 by 31 feet, n. of it ; and a chapel, &c., a corresponding building, s. There arc in the I. 10 stores, cap. $30,200 ; 1 tannery, 1 fulling m., 2 grist m., 8 saw m., 2 printing offices, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 periodical. Cap. in manufac. $28,850. 1 college, 404 students, 16 bch. 512 scholars. Pop. 2,613. Hanover, p-t., Plymouth co., Ma.ss., 24 s. s. w. Boston, 443 W. I'embroke cr. runs on its s. border, and afTords water power; and another brunch unites with it on the e. border of the t., to form North river. It has 7 stores, cap. $9,1)00 ; 1 furnace, 3 forges, 2 tannerie.s, 6 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $22,925. 1 acad. 25 students, b sch. 379 scholars. Pop. 1,488. Hanover, p-t., Chautauquc co., N. Y., 315 vv. by s. Albany, 353 W. Situated on Lake Erie. The surface is elevated and hilly, and the soil, on the lake shore and on the streams, very fertile. Watered by Silver creek. It has 18 stores, cap. $100,000 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $8,000 ; 3 fulUiig m., 7 tamteries, 3 distilleries, 7 grist m., 19 saw ni. Cap. in manufac. $110,215. 3 acad. 83 students, 19 sch. 1,140 scholars. Population, 3,998. Ha.nover, p-t., Morris co.. N. J., 5 n. Morris- town, 57 \. N. E. Trenton, 227 W. The surface is hilly on the n. w., level E. and s. Soil, clay, loam, and gravel. Watered by Whippany and Parsipany rivers, branches of Rockaway r., which runs on its n. boundary. The soil is moderately good, and well cultivated. The v. is situated on a plain, near the Passaic r., and contains 12 or 15 dwellings. There are in the t. 12 stores, cap. $30,100; 1 woollen fac, 3 cotton fac. 2,600 sp., 10 forges, 3 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 2 paper fac, 1 printing oflice, 5 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $140,940. 13 sch. 597 scholars. Pop. 3,909. Hanover, t., Burlington co., N. J., 12 n. e. Moimt Holly. The surface is level ; soil, sandy loam and sand ; in the s. e. part covered with pine forest. Drained by Crosswick's, Black's, and a branch of Rancocus creeks. It has 11 stores, cap. $3,500 ; 1 furnace, 1 forge, 5 distille- ries, 4 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $74,600. 9 sch. 474 scholars. Pop. 3,045. Hanover, p-b., Heidelberg t., York co.. Pa., 35 s. Harrisburg, 82 W. Incorporated in 1814. Situated on a branch of Conewago cr., which runs into the Susquehanna r. It contains 3 churches — 1 German Reformed, 1 Lutheran, 1 Methodist — 1 academy ; 15 stores, cap. $84,500 ; 2 tanneries, 1 brewery, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $22,300. 2 sch. 220 scholars. Pop. 1,071. Hanovek, t., Dauphin co., Pa., 15 s. e. Har- risburg. The surface is undulating ; soil, argil- laceous slate and sandstone. Beaver cr. runs on its w. boundary. Watered by Manady cr. and Bow run, which flow s. to the Swatara cr. It has 6 stores, cap. $15, .500; 1 furnace, 2 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 9 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,060. 3 sch. 07 scholars. Pop. 2,772. Hanover, t., Lehigh co.. Pa. The surface is level ; soil, calcareous loam, and fertile. The Lehigh r. flows on its s. border. Watered by Calesoque cr., a branch of the Lehigh. Con- nected with AUentown by a chain bridge across the Lehigh. It contains a Lutheran church. It has 5 stores, 2 woollen fac, 1 paper fac, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. C"ap^ in manufac. $16,550. 1 sch. 30 scholai's. Pop. 1,341. Hanover, t., Northampton co , Pa. The sur- face is level ; soil, calcareous loam. Drained by Manokissy cr., which runs along its s. e. boun- dary. Il has 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac $3,0;)0. Pop. 382. Hanover, t., Beaver co., Pa. The surface is rolling; soil, calcareous loam. Drained by Big and Little Traviss creeks, tributaries of Racoon cr. It contains Franki'ord v. near its .s. border. It contains 3 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 2 tanneries, 7 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manulac $17,350. 1 acad. 23 students, 4 sch. 138 scholars. Pop. 1,662. Hanover, p-t., Washington co., Pa., 22 n. w. Washington b. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam. Drained by Herman's and Indian creeks, flow- ing into Ohio r. Coal is abundant. It has 7 stores, cap. $16,000; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 5 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $22,650. 1 acad. 15 students, 8 sch. 500 scholars. Pop. 2,002. Hanover, t., Luzerne co.. Pa. Bounded n. w. by Susquehanna r. The surface is moun- tainous, with the fertile valley of Wyoming in a part of it. Anthracite coal is abundant. Wa- tered by Nunticoke and Solomon's creeks, which HAR 263 HAR afford water power. It has 6 stores, cap. $27,300 ; 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 1 powder fac., 3 flouring m., 3 saw rn. Cap. in manui'ac. $0,800. 6 sch. 270 scholars. Pop. 1,'J38. Hanover, p t.. Licking co., O., 48 .\. e. Co- lumbus, 357 VV. Licking r. and the Ohio canal pass through the t., from E. to w. It has 2 sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 943. Hanover, t., Butler co., O., a wealthy t., 8 ms. from the court house, in HamiUon. It has 7 sch. 5;iO scholars. Pop. 1,630. Hanover, t., Columbiana co., O., 10 e. i\ew Lisbon, on the line of the Sandy and Beaver canal. I has 8 sch. 1"25 scholars. Pop. 2,53'J. Hanover, t., Richland co , O. Watered by two m .in branches of Mohiccan r., wliich unite near the centre of the t. It has I6S scholars in schools. Pop. 1,485. Hanover, v.. North t., Harrison co., O., 8 n. w. Cadiz. It contains 1 store, 25 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. Hanover, t., Shelby co., la. It has 5 stores, cap. $9,300 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,250. Pop. 1,438. Hanover, p-t., Jackson co., Mich., 89 w. De- troit, 549 W. It has 3 sch. 106 scholars. Pop. 714. Hanover, p-o., Jo-Daviess co., 111., 114 n. by w. Springfield, 872 W. Hanover Centre, p-v., Hanover t., Grafton CO., N. H., 60 N. w. Concord, 494 W. Hanover, C. H., p-o., capital of Hanover co., Va., 20 N. Richmond. 103 W. Situated on ele- vated ground, near Pamunky r., and contains a court house, jail, a store, and about GO inhabitants. H.VNOviiR Neck, p-o., Hanover t., i^Iorris co., N. J., 53 N. N. E. Trenton, 224 W. Hanoverton, p-v., Hanover t., Columbiana CO., O., 149 N. E. Columbus, 2J1 W. It contains 12 stores, 1 warehous-e, 2 water m., 1 steam m., 2 tanneries, 80 dwellings, and about 500 uihabi- tants. Hansley's Cross Roads, p-o., Perry co., O., 61 E. Columbus, 342 W. Hanson, pt., Plymouth co., Slass., 23 s. s. e. Boston, 438 W. Watered by a branch of North r. Large beds of iron ore are found. It has 4 stores, cap. $4, '250 ; 1 forge, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,805. 8 sch. 259 scholars. Pop. 1,040. Hansonvili.e, p 0., Russell co., Va., 318 w. by s. Richmond, 386 W. Harbor Creek, p t., Erie co.. Pa., 6 n. e. Erie, 279 n. w. Harrisburg, 352 W. Di-ained by several small streams, llowing into Lake Erie, which bounds it on the .n. It lias 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 3 grist ni., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. .$1,500. 15 sch. 435 scholars. Pop. 1,843. Hardeman, county, Tenn. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 720 sq. ms. Surface generally level ; soil, hght and sandy. Watered by Big Hatchy r. and its branches. Capital, Bolivar. There were hi 1840, neat cattle 17,001, sheep 10,292, swine 59,357 ; wheat 58,713 busii. produced, rye 9,155, Ind. corn 644,564 oats 149,5-(5, potatoes 40,917, tobacco 19,417 pounds, cotton 3,570,417; 29 stores, cap. $238,452 ; 1 cotton fac. 6S0 sp., 9 tanneries, 16 di.stilleries, 8 flouring m., 22 grist m., 18 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $63,970. 4 acad. 185 students, 23 sch. 506 scholars. Pop. wliites 9,091, slaves 5,433, free col'd 39 ; total, 14,563. Hardiman's Cross Roads, p-o., Williamson CO., Tenn., 24 s. Nashville, 636 W. Hardin, county, Tenn. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 768 sq. ms. Tennessee r. flows through the co., from s. to n. Watered also by small streams, which flow into the Tennessee r., the principal of which are Swift cr. and Whiteoak r. Capital, Savannah. Thi^re were in 1840, neut cattle 11,537, sheep 7,562, swine 42,500; wheat 31,231 bush, produ- ced, rye 1,465, Ind. corn 512,373, oats 53,529, potatoes 14,377, tobacco 52,564 pounds ; cotton 3S,819, 7 com. houses, cap. $9,8'J0; 14 stores, cap. $42,355 ; 1 furnace, 7 tanneries, 24 distilleries, 29 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $34,959. 1 acad. 15 students, 8 sch. 176 scholars. Pop. whites 7,337, slaves 826, free col'd 32 ; total, 8,245. Hardin, county, Ky. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 1,200 sq. ms. The Rolling fork of Salt r. runs on its n. e. boundary. Watered by branches of Green r. Capital, Elizabethtown. There were in 18 10, neat cattle i8,8u9, sheep 23,6U6, swine 36,809 ; wheat 120,894 bush, produced, rye 7,510, Ind. corn 706,349, oats 205,394, potatoes 22,746, tobacco 322,483 pounds, sugar 1,625 ; 31 stores, cap. $60,850 ; 9 tanneries, 10 distilleries, 2 flouruig m., 17 grist m., 15 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 printing office. Cap. in manufac. $38,000. 8 sch. 185 scholars. Pop. whites 13,829, slaves 2,432, free col'd 46; total, 16,357. Hardin, county, O. Situated n. w. of the centre of the state, and contains 480 sq. ms. The Scioto r. runs through the co. Watered also by head branches of Blanchards, Hoy and Tymochtee creeks. It has much valuable land on the streams. Capital, Kenton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,966, sheep 3,327, swine 10,416; wheat 30,173 bush, produced, rye 1,459, Ind. corn 99,147, buckwheat 1,621, oats 23,897, potatoes 22,233, sugar 86,557 pounds ; 4 stores, cap. $14,500 ; 3 tanneries, 1 grist m., 4 .saw m. ( 'ap. in manufac. $3,900. 13 sch. 552 scholars. Pop. 4,5J3. Hardin, county, El. Situated on the s. bor- der of the state, and contains 100 sq. ms. The surliice is high and broken, and abounds in iron and lead ores. Watered by Big cr., which en- ters the Ohio, and affords water power. There were in 1340, neat cattle 1,774, sjieep 1,554, swine 3,973 ; wheat 3,.583 bush, produced, Ind. corn 62,066, oats 10,555, potatoes 8,975, tobacco 7,5JO pounds ; 4 stores, cap. $11,666 ; 1 furnace, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $3,15J. 3 sch. 83 scholars. Pop. 1,378. Hardin, p-v.. Turtle Creek t., Shelby co., O., 85 w. N. w. Columbus, 479 W. Hardinsbukg, p-v., capital of Breckenridge CO., Ky., 115 w. s. w. Frunkfui, i>57 W. Situa- ted half a m. e. of Hardin' .a cr,, 10 ms. from Ohio r. It contains a court house, jail, 2 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist — 1 seminary, and 631 inhabitants. Hardinsburg, p-v., Washington co., la., 106 s. Indianapolis, 63J W. Hardingsburg,v., Dearborn CO., la. Situated on the w. side of the Great Miami r., 2 ms. n. Lawrenceburg. It has 2 stores, and 250 inhabit- ants. Harding's Store, p-o., Ripley co., la., 71 s. e. Indianapolis, 533 W. Hardin's Mills, p-o., Floyd co., Ga., 173 n. w. Milledgeville, 684 W. Hardin's Mills, p-o., Albemarle co., Va., 93 w. N. w. Richmond, 128 W. It contains a Me- thodist church. Hardinsville, p-v., Shelby co., Ky., 9 w. Frankfort, 551 W. Hard Money, p-o., Stewart co., Ga., 144 s. w. Milledgeville, 799 W. Hardwich, p-t., Caledonia co., Vt., 27 N. E. HAR 264 HAR Montpelier, 543 W. Chartered in 1781. Organ- ized in 1795. The surface is rolling, and the soil, fertile. Watered by Lamoille r. and its tri- butaries, which aflbrd good water power. It contains sulpluir springs. It has 5 stores, cap. $30,500; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 1 jiottery, "2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,700. I'Z sch. 433 scholars. Pop. 1,354. Hardwick. p-t., Worcester co., Mass., fi8 w. Boston, 3'JS W. Incorporated in 173S. Water- ed by Ware r., which runs on its .'i. k. border, and which, with its branches, aflin-ds water power. The v. at the centre contains 2 churches — 1 Congregational and 1 Unitarian. It has 2 stores, cap. $7,345 ; 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 paper fac, 4 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $24,980. 12 sch. .5G0 scholars. I'op. 1,7S9. Hardwick, t., Warren co., N. J., 15 n. e. Bel- videre. The surface is hilly. Drained by Pau- lins kill, Beaver brook, and Bear branch of Be- quest cr. The soil is fertile, being underlaid with slate on the ridges, and limestone in the valleys. It has 3 stores, cap. $14,200; 1 cotton fac. 216 sp., 2 tanneries, 6 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $32,800. 16 sch. 769 scholars. Pop. 1,954. Hardwick, v., and port of entry, Brj'an co., Ga. Situated on the w. side of the Ogeechee r. Hardystox, t., Sussex co., N. J. The surface is mountainous, lying principally on Hamburg or Wallkill mountiiins. Drained by Wallkill r. It has 2 ponds, the outlets of which flow into the r. There are 2 Presbyterian churches. An inex- haustible quantity of zinc and iron ores are found in the mountains. It has 10 stores, cap. $31,050; 3 furnaces, 6 forges, 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 8 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $63,075. 1 acad. 35 students, 15 sch. 403 scholars. Pop. 2,831. Hardy, county, Va. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 1,156 sq. ms. The sur- face is elevated, broken, rocky, and sterile, but good soil is found on the streams. Watered by branches of the South Branch of the Potomac, and by some of the head streams of the North Branch. Capital, Moorctield. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,042, sheep 15,205, swine 12,719; wheat 84,6)4 bush, produced, rye 18,186, Ind. corn 410,942, buckwheat 3,7S4, oats 40,830, potatoes 31,865, sutjar 51,988 pounds; 1 1 stores, cap. $69,000 ; 1 furnace, 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 5 tanneries, 8 (louring m., 15 grist m., 16 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $74,535. 6 sch. 218 schol- ars. Pop. whites 6,100, slaves 1,131, free col'd 391 ; total, 7,622. Hardy, t.. Holmes co., O. It contains the v. of Millersburg, the capital of the co. It has 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,400. 1 sch. 28 scholars. Pop. 1,982. Harkwooo, p-o., Susquehanna co., Pa., 184 n. E. Harrisburg, 2J4 W. Harkwood, p-o., Baltimore co., Md. Harford, county, Md. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 480 sq. ms. Wa- tered by Deer cr., which flows into the Susque- hanna, Bimim's run. Winter's run, and the Little falls of Gunpowder. iSome of thexe streams aflford good water power. The soil is various The country on Ueer cr. is beautiful and healthy. Limestone, iron ore, and chromate of iron abound, in some parts of the co. The rocky banks of a R"'^^*'*'' *^'"" ^"''"' perpendicular walls of stone, 2 or 300 feet high, and appear as if they had been rent asunder, and are a curiosity. Cajntal, Bel- air. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,562, sheep 15,662, swine 20,950 ; wheat 149,300 bush! produced, rye 20,153, Ind. com 321,416, buck- wheat 8,757, oats 216,892, potatoes 79,880; 61 st/jres, cap. $83,280 ; 4 fulling m., 7 woollen fac, 2 furnaces, 2 forges, 12 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 1 pottery, 7 flouring m., 33 grist m., 28 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 paper fac, 3 printing offices, 1 daily news- paper, ("ap. in manufac. .$106,918. 1 college, 5 acad. 163 students, 3i sch. 945 scholars. Pop. whites 12,041, slaves 2,642, free col'd 2,436 ; to- tal. 17,120. Harford, p-o., Virgil t., Cortland co., N. Y., 150 vv. Albany, 301 W. Harford, p-t., Susquehanna co., Pa., 175 n. e. Harrisburg, 279 W. Drained by Martin's, Part- ner's, and Van Winkle's creeks, branches of Tunkhannock cr., all of which afford water pow- er. The v. contains 2 churches. There are in the t., 2 stores, cap. $11,000; 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 7 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $11,850. 1 acad. 150 students, 10 sch. 230 scholars. Pop. 1,179. Hargrove's Tavern, p-o., Nansemond co., Va. Hari^an, county, Ky. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and contains 430 sq. ms. Cum- berland mountains form its s. e. boiuidary, and Laurel ridge passes through its n. w. part : and between them, near the latter, runs Cumberland r., by which and its branches the co. is watered. The surface is elevated 1,000 feet above the level of the ocean, and is mountainous. Capital, Mount Pleasant. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,626, sheep 2,861, swine 13,073 ; wheat 2,420 bushels produced, oats 20,367, potatoes 7,060, tobacco 4,211 pounds, sugar 7,830; 4 stores, cap. $9,200; 2S distilleries, 37 grist m., 1 saw m. Pop. whites 2,923, slaves 79, free col'd 8 ; total, 3,015. Harlan, C. H., p-o., Harlan co^ Ky. (See 3Iount Pleasant.) Harlansburg, p-v., Mercer co., Pa., 226 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 263 W. PIarlem, po.. New York county, N. Y. (See Haerlem.) Harlem, p-o., Winnebago co.. 111., 211 n. Springfield, 812 W. Harlemsville, p-o., Claverack t., Columbia CO., N. Y. Harlesville, p-v., Marion dist., S. C, 129 e. by N. Columbia, 431 W. Situated on Little Pe- dee r. Harlingen, p-v., Montgomery t., Somerset co., N. J., 18 \. Trenton, 190 W. It contains a Dutch Reformed church, a store, and 7 or 8 dwellings. Har.\iar, p-v., Washington co., O., 164 E. s. e. Columbus, 301 W. Situated in the w. part of Marietta, on the s. bank of Muskingum r. It contains a stone steam mill 4 stories high, and about 40 hands(jme dwellings. It occupies the site of Fort Harmar, the first fortification erected by the Americans in the slate of Ohio, and named from its first commander. Har.mo.nsburg, p-o., Sadsbury t., Crawford co., Pa., 243 N. w. Harrisburg, 316 W. Situated on Conneaut cr., at the .n. end of Conneaut lake. Harmony, p-t., Somerset co.. Me., 57 n. by k. Augusta, 652 W. Incorporated in 1803. 'The soil is fertile and adapted to wheat. Watered by head branches of Sebasticook r. It has 3 stores, cap. $3,600 ; 1 fulling m., 4 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,800. 10 .sch. 500 scholars. Pop. 1,096. Harmony, v., Conequenessing t, Butler co.. Pa., 14 s. w. by w. Butler, 12 n. e. by e. Beaver. Situated on the s. bank of Conequenessing cr. Founded in 1804, by the Society of Harmonites, who afterwards sold out and removed to the Wa- bash, and afterwards to Economy, Beaver co., on the Ohio r. It now contains a town hall, 2 mills, 3 stores, and 40 or 50 dwellings. HAR 265 HAR Harmony, p-t., Chautauque co., N. Y., 339 w. by s. Albany, 326 W. The surface is rolling ; soil, sandy and gravelly loam, with some clay. Drained by Goose or. and other streams, flowing N. into Chautauque lake, and by Little Broken Straw creek, running s. into Pennsylvania. It has 7 stores, cap. $10,600 ; 2 fulling m., 3 tanne- ries, 3 grist m., 17 saw m. Capital in nianufac. $2^,593. 17 sch. 700 scholars. Pop. 3,340. Harmony, p-t., Warren co., N. J., 5i n. by w. Trenton, 205 W. The v. contains a Presbyterian church and 12 or 15 dwellings. It has 2 flouring m., 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufactures, $30,360. 6 sch. 386 scholars. Pop. 1,602. Harmony, t., Susquehanna co., Pa., is bounded N. by the state of New York. Oquago mountain lies in its n. w. part, the remainder is iiilly. Wa- tered by Susquehanna r. and some tributaries, the chief of which are Starucca and Conewanta creeks. It has 1 store, cap. $3,5'J0 ; 1 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,810. 6 sch. 120 scholars. Pop. 523. Harmony, p-v., Halifax co., Va., 150 s. w. Richmond, 237 W. Harmony, p-v., York dist., S. C, 102 n. Co- lumbia, 459 W. Harmony, t., Clark co., O. It contains seve- ral villages, and the national road passes through it. It has 11 sch. 220 scholars. Pop. 1,660. Harmony, t., Delaware co., O. Situated in the N. E. corner of the county. Drained by the head waters of Alum and Big Walnut creeks. It has 6 sch. 129 scholars. Pop. 676. Har.mony, po.. Clay co., la., 54 w. by s. In- dianapolis, 625 W. Harmony, pv., Weakley co., Tenn., 132 w. Nashville, 822 W. Harmony, p-v., Washington co.. Mo., 102 s. e. Jefferson city, 896 W. Situated in the centre of the CO., and contains lead mines on Hazle er. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 2 stores, and 20 dwellings. Harmony, t., Washington co.. Mo. Pop. 78J. HaRiMony Grovk, p-o., Jackson co., Ga., 8Sn. Milledgeville, 623 W. Harmony LANorNo, p-o., Oldham co., Ky., 51 ». w. Frankfort, 593 W. Harmony Vale, p-v., Hardiston t., Sussex CO., IN. J., 83 N. Trenton, 252 W. It contains a Presbyterian church, and 12 or 15 dwellings. Harnageville, p-v., Cherokee co., Ga., 139 N. w. Milledgeville, 670 W. Harper's Ferry, p-v., Jeflferson co., Va., 173 N. Richmond, 57 W. Situated at the junction of the Shenandoah r. vviih the Potomac r., at the passage of the united stream through the Blue Ridge, so finely described by Mr. Jefferson. There is probably not a more picturesque spot in the United States. The v. contains 3 churches — 1 Methodist, 1 Free cliiirch, 1 Roman Catholic — 2 masonic halls, 1 academy, 12 stores, 1 of the largest flouring mills in the Union, 1 iron furnace, 810 dwellings, and a national armory, where 8,850 small-arms are annually manufactured, employ- ing 240 hands. In the armory, 80 or 90,000 stand of arms are usually kept, and as they are sent away, replaced by others from the factories. The Chesapeake and Ohio canal passes along the n. bank of the Potomac. The Baltimore and Ohio railroad passes through this place. The Potomac is here crossed by a bridge, 750 feet long between the abutments, connectmg the v. with the Mary- land side. Few places are more deserving the attention of the curious traveller than this. Harper's Ferry, p-o., Abbeville dist., S. C, 119 w. Columbia, 556 W. Harpersfield, p-t., Delaware co., N. Y., 64 w. by s. Albany, 360 W. The surface is hilly and broken ; soil, a fertile, chocolate colored loam, well cultivated. Drained by Charlotte and Dela- ware rivers. The v. contains 2 churches--! Presbyterian and 1 Baptist— 4 stores, 40 dwell- ings, and about 200 inhabitants. Tliere are ia the t., 3 stores, cap. $5,700 ; 3 fulling m., 1 tanne- ry, 6 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufactures, $5,175. 20 sch. 499 scholars. Pop. 1,708. Harpersfield, pt., Ashtabula co., O , 195 n. e. Columbus, 35'J W. Pearly and generally set- tled. Watered by Grand r. In the N. w. corner is the V. of Unionville, lying partly in 3 counties. There are in the t., Sstores, cap. ,$1,200 ; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 distillery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,650. Pop. 1,397. Harpersville, p-v., Colesville t., Broome co., N. Y., 116 w. s. w. Albany, 310 W. Situated a little distance from the Susquehanna r., and con- tains 1 Episcopal church, 1 store, 1 saw m., 35 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Harpersville, p-v., Shelby co., Ala., 91 E. Tuscaloosa, 763 W. Harpeth, r., Tenn., rises in Williamson co., and after a course of about 60 ms., falls into Cum- berland r., 19 ms. N. w. Nashville. It is naviga- ble for boats to Franklin. Harpeth, p-o., Williamson co., Tenn., 27 s. Nashville, 690 W. Harpswell, t., Cumberland co., Me., 22 n. e. Portland, 4 s. E. Brunswick. It comprises a promontory in the n. e. part of Casco bay, and several islands. The soil is fertile, and it pre- sents a delightful summer residence. The hsh- eries employ a portion of the inhabitants. It has Sstores, cap. $2,000; 2 lumber yards, cap. $6,000 ; 16 sch. 549 scholars. Pop. 1,443. Haruui, p o , Coosa co., Ala. Harels Store, po.. New Hanover co., N. C, 116 s. s. E. Raleigh, 346 W. Harriettstown, t., Franklin co., N. Y., 35 s. Malone, 190 n. by w. Albany. It is mostly a wilderness. The surface in the s. e. part is mountainous. It contains Lower Saranac lake, and other small lakes and ponds, forming the sources of Racket and Saranac rivers. Harrietsville, po., Monroe co., O., 121 e. Columbus, 205 W. Harrington, p-t., Washington co.. Me., 127 e. Augusta, 710 W. It has the Atlantic s.. Plea- sant bay on the E., and Narraguagus bay on the w. Narraguagus r., which runs on its w. border, affords water power. It contains 3 stores, 1 tan- nery, 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $45,136. 19 sch. 635 scholars. Population, 1,342. Harrington, t., Bergen co., N. J. Bounded E. by Hudson r., along which runs the Closter mountains, 400 feet high, forming the Palisades. Otherwise, the surface is level ; soil, a fertile loam, well cultivated. Watered by Hackensack r. and its branches. It has 3 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,200. 6 sch. 154 scholars. Pop. 1,130. Harrington, p-v., Cumberland co., N. C, 59 s. by w. Raleigh, 347 W. Harris, county, Ga. Situated on the w. bor- der of the state, and contains 440 sq. ms. Pine mountain runs across the n. part of the co. Drained by Long, Flat Shoal, Pine, Mulberry, and other creeks, tributaries of Chattahoochee r., which runs on its w. border. Capital, Hamilton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,311, sheep 1,135, swine 7,935 ; wheat 12,585 bush, producea, Ind. corn 132,275, oats 3,190, potatoes 1,855, cot- ton 719,300 pounds, 12 stores, cap. $23,800 ; 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 3 flouring m., 6 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,400. 1 acad. 70 HAR 260 11 AR students, 18 sell. 585 scholars. Pop. whiles 7,482, slaves 6,418, free col'd 33; U)tal, 13,933. Harki.s, p-t., Centre co.. Pa. I', has 5 stores, cap. $rj,5()0 ; 1 furnace, 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 3 t;inneries, 1 pottery, G grist in., 6 saw m., 1 oil in. Cap. in manufac. $16,300. 1 acad. 2i students, 5 sch. 210 scholars. Pop. 1,978. Harris, t., Oitowa co., O., 14 n. Lower San- dusky, at the rapids of Portage r., where there are fine mill sites. Pop. 318. Harris, p-o., Louisa co., Va., 53 n. w. Rich- mond, 97 VV. Harrisiiurg, p-t., Lewis co., N. Y., 145 n. w. Albany, 427 W. The surface is mostly level, and the soil is a fertile brown loam. ]-)rained by Deer cr. and another stream, branches of Black r., which afford good water power. It has 2 saw m., 12 sch. 235 scholars. Pop. 850. IIarrisburg, city, capital of Dauphin co., and of the state of Pennsylvania, is situated on the e. bank of the Susquehanna, 98 n. w. by w. of Philadelphia, 184 e. Pittsburg, 110 W., in 40o 16' N. lat., and 76° 50' w. long. Pop. 1820, 3,000 ; 1830, 4,307; 1840, 5,980. Its situation is com- manding, having a fine view of the river and surrounding country. The houses are well built, and generally of brick. It has a splendid State House, on elevated ground, from which there is a gradual descent to the river. The building is 180 feet long by 80 feet deep, and 2 stories high, with a cupola. The exterior of the building, the interior arrangements, and the ornamented grounds by which it is surrounded, are in a high degree imposing. The county court house is a large and commodious brick building, containing halls for the courts and public offices, and is sur- mounted by a cupola. The county prison is a large stone edifice, with a spacious yard, and surrounded by a high stone wall. The Lancas- terian School House is a large 2 story brick build- ing, erected at the expense of the state. There are 2 banks, and 9 churches, some of them ele- fant structures — 1 Lutheran, 1 Presbyterian, I Episcopal, 1 German Reformed, 2 Methodist, 1 Baptist, 1 Roman Catholic, and 1 African. The 3Iasonic Hall is an elegant ediQce, and a fine market house is located at the centre of the place, at the intersection of two principal streets. The bridge over the Susquehanna is a fine cov- ered structure, exlentling to an island in the river, and thence to the opposite bank, 2,876 feet long, 40 feet wide, 50 feet aliove the surface of the river, and cost $155,000; there is another recently built. There were in 1810, 3 commis- sion houses engaged in for. trade, cap. ,$23,500; 76 retail stores, cap. $319,86J; 5 lumber yards, cup. ,$2y,U00 ; 1 forge, 2 tanneries, 3 breweries, 2 potteries, 1 saw in., 12 printing offices, 6 bin- deries, 11 weekly newspapers, 1 periodical. Cap m maniifac. $195,450. 3 acad. 115 students, 12 sch. 588 scholars. IIarrisburg, p-v., Pleasant t., Franklin co., O., 23 s. w. Columbus, 416 W. Situated on Darby cr. Pop. 81. IIarrisvii.i.k, t., Medina co., O. It has 3 stores, cap. $27,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 5 saw in. Cap. in manufac. $5,250 ; 6 sch. 246 scholars. Pop. 1,255. Harrisrurc;, p-v., Mecklenburg co., N. C 251 w. s. w. Raleigh, 390 VV. ' HARRisurRG. n-v., Fayette co., la., 56 e. In- diana|)olis, 523 \N . Harrisruru, p-v.. Van Buren co., Iowa. Harrison, county, Va. Suuated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 1,095 sq. ms. Wa- tered by the w. fork of i\Ionongahela r. and its branches which How n., and by head waters of Middle Island cr. which flow w. The surface isj broken ; soil, fertile. Within this county is Rec- tor College, under the direction of the 3Iethodists, founded in 1839, and contains a president and 50 students, indepeiident of the preparatory de- parlment. Capital, Clarksburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 23,536, sheep 35,119, swine 32,397 ; wheat 135,774 bush produced, rye 8,608, Ind. corn 420,900, buckwheat 6,397, oats 225,645, potatoes 62,285, tobacco 22,800 pounds, sugar 200,372 ; 30 stores, cap. $98,700 ; 1 fulling m., 9 tanneries, 33 distilleries, 2 potteries, 50 grist m., 58 saw 111., 1 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $130,820. 1 col- lege, 110 students, 18 sch. 436 scholars. Pop. whites 16,850, slaves 693, free col'd 126 ; total, 17,699. Harrison, county, Ky. Situated toward the N. E. part of the state, and contains 356 sq. ms. Drained by the s. fork of Licking r. and its tribu- taries. Licking r. runs through its .\. e. part. The soil is generally fertile. Capital, Cynthiana. There were in 1840, neat cattle 27,433, sheep 55,408, swine 86,619; wheat 350,979 bush, pro- duced, rye 111,225, oats 240,266, tobacco 31,521 pounds, cotton 2,471, sugar 307,636 ; 42 stores, cap. $193,350 ; 3 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 624 sp., 8 tanneries, 33 distilleries, 12 flouring m., 52 grist m., 34 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $215,953. 27 sch. 617 scholars. Pop. whites 8,995, slaves 3,384, free col'd 93 ; total, 12,472. IIarriso.v, county, O. Situated in the e part of the state, and contains 486 sq. ms. The surface is hilly and broken, and the soil very fer- tile. Drained on the w. by Stillwater cr. and Conotten cr. and their branches, which flow into Tuscarawas r., and on the e. by the head branch- es of Indian and Indian Short creeks, which flow into the Ohio. Capital, Cadiz. There were in 1810, neat cattle 16,290, sheep 48,355, swine 30,778 ; wheat 3G 1,069 bush, produced, rye 14,302, buckwheat 15,3jO, barley 3i2, oats 358,932, pota- totoes 70,111, cotton 330, •127 pounds, sugar 18,736 ; 43 stores, cap. $60,560 ; 10 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 19 tanneries, 13 distilleries, 3 pot- teries, 3 flouring m., 37 grist m., 119 saw m., 2 printing offices, 3 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $129,135. 1 college, 20 students, 2 acad. 45 students, 91 sch. 3,578 scholars. Pop. 20,099. Harhison, county, la. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 470 sq. ms. The Ohio r. runs by a curve in its s. e., s., and s. w. border. Drained by Blue r., and Big and Little Indian, and Buck creeks, tribuaries of the Ohio r. Sur- face undulating or hilly ; soil, on the streams, very fertile, ollierwise moderately good. Capi- tal, Corydon. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,038, sheep 14,653, swine 19,332 ; wheat 66,203 bush, produced, Ind. corn 164,949, oats 73,878, potatoes 18,547; 8 tanneries, 22 distilleries, 1 powder m., 7 flouring m., 20 grist m., 15 saw m., 1 printuig office, 1 weekly newspaper., 1 acad. 90 students, 6 sch. 162 scholars. Pop. 12,459. Harrison, county. Miss. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 870 sq. ms. Sur- face level. Soil, light and sandy. Drained by Biloxi r. and branches. Wolf and Red river.s Capital, Mississippi city. Harkison, p-t., Cumberland co.. Me., 62 w. s. VV. Augusta, 580 W. Long Pond lies on its s. w. border and is connected with Portland by a canal, and otherwise. Oooked r. runs on its E. border. The soil is fertile, adapted to wheat. In corporateil hi 1805. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 14 sch. 481 scholars. Pop. 1,243. HAK 267 HAR Harrison, t., Westchester co., N. Y., 3 e. White Plains, 134 s. Albany. The surface is generally level ; soil, a fertile loam, and well cultivated. Drained by Blind brook, and Ma- maroneck cr., which flow into Long Island sound. It has 7 sch. 180 scholars. Pop. 1,139. Harrison, t., Hudson co., N. J. Situated be- tween the Hackensack and Passaic rivers. Sur- face level, mostly salt marsh. It has 1 pottery, 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,550. 4 sch. 127 scholars. Pop. 1,156. Harrison, t., Potter co.. Pa. It has 1 saw m., 4 sch. 90 scholars. Pop. 497. Harrison, p-v., Crosby t., Hamilton co., O., 126 w. s. w. Columbus, 21 n. w. Cincinnati, 510 W. Situated on the n. side of Whitewater r. It contains 3 churches, 6 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 carding machine, 100 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants. The main street runs on tlie line between Ohio and Indiana, so that about one tliird of the inhabitants are in Indiana. Harrison, t., Carroll co., O. It contains the V. of Harrisburg. It has 1 school. Pop. 1,308. Harrison, t.. Champaign co., O. Watered by Stony cr. The line of the Mad River and Lake Erie railroad passes through it. It has 1 store, cap. $1,500 ; 2 saw m. Pop. 790. Harrison, t., Darke co., O., contains New Madison and BrafRtsville villages. It has 2 sch. 63 scholars. Pop. 1,667. Harrison, t., Gallia co., O. Drained by Ra- coon cr. Pop. 688. Harrison, t., Jackson co., O. It has 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,050. Pop. 378. Harrison, t., Knox co., O. Watered by Ver- non r. It has 7 sch. 250 scholars. Pop. 833. Harrison, t., Van Wert co., O. Pop. 16S. Harrison, t.. Licking co., O. Watered by the s. fork of Licking r. The surface is level ; soil, fertile. It contains the reservoir of the Licking summit of the Ohio canal. It has 9 sch. 292 scholars. Pop. 870. Harrison, t., Logan co., O. It has 3 sch. 85 scholars. Pop. 658. Harrison, t., Preble co., O. The soil is fer- tile, and tolerably well cultivated. Pop. 1,706. Harrison, t., Scioto co., O. The surface is hilly ; soil, fertile. It contains 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Pop. 636. Harrison, t., Pickaway co., O. Situated on the E. side of Scioto r. It has 3 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 1 distillery, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. ,$11,810. 6 sch. 133 scholars. fop. 1,149. Harrison, t, Blackford co., la. Pop. 337. Harrison, t.. Clay co., la. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 1 grist m., 1 school. Pop. 674. Harrison, t., Hancock co., la. It has 2 grist m. Cap. in manufac. ,$1,500. Pop. 399. Harrison, t., Harrison co., la. It has 3 tan- neries, 9 distilleries, 1 powder m., 1 printing oflice, 1 weekly newspaper, 3 flouring m., 6 grist m., 6 saw m. 2 sch. 56 scholars. Pop. 3,253. HarrisOiN, t., Henry co,, la. Pop. 788. Harrison, t., Owen co., la. It has 2 sch. 175 scholars. Pop. 401. Harrison, t. Perry co., O. It has 1 pottery, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,565. 5 sch. 122 scholars. Pop. 1,034. Harrison, t,, Macomb co., Mich. The soil is fertile. It has 9 sch. 181 scholars. Pop. 395. Harrison, p-v.. Union co., Ark., 93 s. Little Rock, 1,163 W. Harrlson, p-o., Louisa co., Iowa. Harrison, p-v., Hamiltftn co., Tenn. Harrisonburg, p-v., capital of Rockingham CO., Va., 131 n. w. Richmond, 131 W. It contains a court house, jail, market house, 2 churches— 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist — a printing office, with a weekly newspaper, 150 dwellings, and about 1,100 inhabitants. Harrisonbiirg, p-v., capital of Catahoolapar., La., 236 N. w. New Orleans, 1,150 W. Situated on the w. side of Ouchitta r. It contains a court house and a few dwellings. Harrison's IMills, p-o., Crawford co.. Mo., 88 s. E. .Jefferson city, 902 W. Situated on the E. side of Maramec r. Harrison's Tan Yard, p-o.. Christian co., Ky., 206 s. w. Frankfort, 742 W. Harrison Valley, p-o., Potter co., Pa., 174 N. w. Harrisburg, 238 W. Harrisonville, p-o., Gloucester, co., N. J. Harrisonvili.e, p-v., Shelby co., Ky., 39 w. Frankfort, 557 W. Harrisonville, p-o., Bedford co.. Pa. Harrisonville, p-v., Monroe co.. 111., 127 s. s. w. Springfield, 840 W. Situated on the E. bank of the Mississippi r. Contains a store and several dwellings. Harrisonville, p-v., Meigs co., O. Harrisonville, p-v., capital of Van Buren CO., Mo., 174 w. Jefferson city, 1,073 W. Situ- ated on the N. .side of Grand r., a branch of Osage r. It contains a court house and several dwell- ings. Harrisville, p-v., Butler co.. Pa., 224 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 264 W. It contains 2 stores, and 10 or 12 dwellings. Harrisville, p-v., Short Creek t., Harrison CO., O., 123 E. N. E. Columbus, 278 W. It con- tains 3 stores. Harrisville, p-v.. Dinwiddle co., Va., 53 s. Richmond, 172 W. Harrisville, p-o., Montgomery co., N. C. 126 w. s. w. Raleigh, 400 W. Harrodsburg, p-v., capital of Mercer CO., Ky., 31s. Franldbrt, 553 W. Situated 8 ms. s. of Ken- tucky r., on a small branch of Salt river. It was early settled. It contains a Presbyterian and a Methodist church, a bank, an academy, 2 sch. 55 scholars. Pop. 1,254. It has a mineral spring much resorted to. Here is located Bacon Col- lege, founded in 1836, and contains a president and 8 professors, or other instructors, 203 stu- dents, and 1,200 vols, in its libraries. The com- mencement is on the last Friday in September. Hart, county, Ky. Situated a little s. w. of the centre of the state, and contains 432 sq. ms. Watered by Green r. and Bacon cr. The sur- face is level ; soil, very fertile. Capital, Mum- fordsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,599, sheep 6,816, swine 9,933; wheat 21,869 bushels produced, rye 1,950, Ind. corn 144,772, oats 64,209, potatoes 4,909, tobacco 346,624 pounds, cotton 2,471 ; 8 stores, cap. .$35,500; 2 cotton fac. 583 sp., 3 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 13 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $69,855. 9 sch. 241 scholars. Pop. whites 5,978, slaves 1,009, free col'd 44; total, 7,031. Hart, t., Warwick co., la. It has 20 stores, cap. $20,000 ; 3 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. 888. Hartfield, v., Chautauque t., Chautauque co., N. Y. Situated on a stream 1 m. n. Chautauque Lake, and contains 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 tannery, 30 dwellings, and 180 inhabitants. Hartford, county, Ct. Situated n. of the centre of the state, and contains 727 sq. miles. Organized in 1666, when it contained several other counties. Connecticut r. runs through the middle of the county. Farmington r. and Mill r. enter the Connecticut on the w., and Podunk, Scantic, and other small tributaries on the e. Its streams afford good water power. Capital, HAR 268 HAR Hartford. There were in 1840, neat cattle 35,632, sheep 48,414, swine 19,562; wheat 13,449 bushels produced, rye 177,516, Ind. corn 278,863, buckwheat 66,571, barley 1,394, oats 219,084, potatoes 27-1,863, tobacco 471,330 pounds, silk cocoons 2,S26, sugar 5,600 ; 13 houses in foreign trade, cap. $^83,000; 371 stores, cup. §2,316,345; 8 lumber yards, cap. SS3,000 ; cap. invested in fisheries, $3,540 ; value of harilware and cutlery manufactured, $325,900 ; 28 fulling; m., 20 woollen fac, 12 cotton fac. 12,930 sp., 4 dyeing and print, estab., 26 tanneries, 32 distil- leries, 7 powder m., 7 potteries, 2 rope fac, 1 flour- ing m., 51 grist m., 81 saw m., 19 paper fac, 11 printing offices, 7 binderies, 6 perioaicals, 1 daily, 10 weekly, 3 semi-weekly newspapers. Cap. in inanufac. $3,161,365; 2 colleges, 118 students, 18 acad. 1,043 students, 240 sch. 10,983 scholars. Pop. 55,629. Hartford, p-t., Oxford co., Mc, 34 w. Augus- ta, 600 W. It is a good agricultural t. The sur- face is uneven, and the soil adapted to grain and grazing. It has 1 store, 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,300. 528 scholars in schools. Pop. 1,472. Hartford, p-t., Windsor co., Vt., 52 s. s. e. Montpelier, 4S7 W. The surface is uneven, and the soil fertile. Watered by White and Water- queechy rivers. Connecticut r. bounds it on the K. The principal v. is situated on Connecticut r., at the mouth of White r. There are in the t., 6 stores, cap. S44,(X)0 ; 3 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $155,780. 21 sch. 683 scholars. Pop. 2,194. Hartford, city, capital of Hartford co., Ct., and the semi-capital of the state Situated on the w. side of Connecticut river, 50 miles from its mouth, at the head of sloop navigation; and is in 41° 45' N. lat., and 70° 50' w. Ion. from Green- wich, and 4° 15' e. Ion. from W. It is 34 miles N. N. E. from New Haven ; 44 n. w. from New London; 70 w. from Providence; 100 w. s. w. from Hoston; 97 s. e. from Albany; and 123 n. E. from New York; 336 W. The" population in 1810, was 3,955; in 1820, 4,720; in 183t), 7,076; in 184v), 9,46S. Engaged in commerce, 575 ; in manufactures and trades, 1,081 ; learned pro- fessions, 112. The compact part of the city is more than a mile in length, and three fourths of a mile wide. The ground rises gradually from the river, and on the w. and .s. becomes considerably elevated. The streets are not laid out with great'regularity. Main-street, which pa.sses through the place in a N. and s. direction, about 60 rods from the river, is broad, and well built; and Little river, which crosses the s. part of the city from west to east, is crossed in this street by a stone bridge, 100 feet wide, consisting of a single arch of 104 feet span, over 30 feet above the bed of the river. Many of the streets have fine houses in pleasant locations. Little river furnislies, in the city, some valuable water power. Hartford is well situated to be- come a considerable commercial capital. Con- necticut r., which has been made navigable for boats, 220 miles, to the mouth of Wells^'rivcr, in Newbury, Vt., opens an extensive country to it at the north. A covered brid^e, 1,000 feet Ion", and which cost about $10J,000, connects th'e city with East Hartford. A line of steamboats connects the city with New Vork ; and a railroad extends 3:* miles to iNcw Haven. Among the public buildings and institutions, is the state hoiise, a spacious and handsome edi- fice, fronting on Main-street. The legislature now meets here, on each alternate year, the odd years at Hartford. The city hall is a large and commodious building of the Doric order of ar- chitecture. Washington College has an elevated and commanding position in the western part of the city, has 2 large edifices, was fotmded in 1821, has a president and 8 other professors or instructors, has had 175 alumni, of whom 42 have been ministers, has 80 students, and 6,500 vols, in its libraries ; its philosophical apparatus is quite complete, a cabinet of minerals and a botanical garden are connected with the institu- tion. It is under the direction of the Episco- palians. The commencement is on the first Thursday of August. The American Asylum, for the instruction of the deaf and dumb, was the first establishment of the kind in the United States, and has prepared teachers for other .similar institutions. The Rev. Thomas H. Gal- laudet, its first principal, visited Europe, and par- ticulary France, to obtain the requisite informa- tion, and was eminently successful. In addition to funds granted by the state, and by individuals, the United States granted a township of land, in Alabama, consisting of upwards of 23,000 acres, which constitutes a permanent fund, and enables the institution to afford instruction on very favorable terms. It has a large and com- modious building, in a commanding situation, in the w. part of the city, surrounded by 8 or 10 acres of land belonging to the establishment. It has, usually, about 140 pupils. The Retreat for the Insane, is on a commanding eminence, a mile and a quarter s. from the state house, and was opened in April, 1824. It has a spacious and fine stone edifice, covered with cement, and, with the sur- rounding grounds, has a handsome appearance. It is well conducted, and is one of the best insti- tutions of the kind in the United States. The Athcneum, an elegant edifice of the Gothic order of architecture, is now being constructed, intend- ed to accommodate the "Young Men's Institute," "Historical Society," and Gallery of Paintings. There are, in the city. 12 churches — 5 Congre- gational, 2 Episcopal, 2 Bapti.st, 1 3Iethodist, 1 tJniversalist, 1 Roman Catholic. There are 5 banks, with an aggregate cap. of over .S3,0(X),0(K), a bank for savings, 3 fire and marine insurance companies, an arsenal, a museum, and 2 markets. There were in 1840, 3 for. commercial and 10 commission houses, cap. $383,000 ; 245 retail stores, cap. .$1,954,250; 6 lumber yards, capital $76,000 ; machinery produced, $6,000 ; 5 fur- naces, cap. $54,tXK); precious metals produced, $27,000; various metals, $121,500; silk, cap. $30,000 ; 1 tannery, cap. $500 ; manufac. of lea- ther, cap. $130,370; 1 pottery, cap. $12,000; 1 ropewalk, cap. $6,000 ; 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 2 saw m., cap. $43,000 ; 1 1 printing oflices, 6 binderies, 1 daily, 10 weekly, and 3 semi-week- ly newspapers, 6 periodicals, employed 191 per- sons, cap. $43,775. Total cap. in manufactures, $578,195. 1 college, 79 students, 5 acad. 535 students, 8 sch. 1,252 scholars. The Indian name of Hartford was Siickiag. In 1633 a company of Dutch Wader.s came to Hartford, and built a house at the mouth of Little river, which they called the Hirse of Good Hope, and erected a small fort, in which they planted 2 cannon ; they opposed the first English settle- ment, but at length relinquished their claim. Hartford was first permanently settled in 1635, by the Rev. Mr. Hooker, and a party of emigrants who travelled through the wilderness, with their cattle, from Newtown, (now Cambridge,) Mass., subsisting chiefly on the milk of their cows. It was incorporated as Anty in 17S4. Haktkord, t., Susquehanna co., Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $11,000; 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, HAR 269 HAR 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manuftic. $11,850. 1 acad. 150 students, 10 sch. 230 scholars. Pop. 1,179. Hartford, p-t., Washington cc, N. Y., 14 n. Salem, 57 n. n. e. Albany. The surface is liilly, and the soil a sandy and clay loam. Drained by branches of Wood cr. The v. is situated on the northern post road, and contains 1 Baptist and 1 Universafist church, 3 stores, 25 dwellings, and 150 inhabitants. The t. contains 5 stores, cap. $14,500 ; 1 tarmery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 acad. 10 students, 7 sch. 185 scholars. Pop. about 2,164. Hartford, p-v., capital of Ohio co., Ky., 154 w. s. w. Frankfort, 696 W. Situated on the s. side of Rough or., a main branch of Kentucky r., and near the junction of Mead cr. It contains a court house, jail, and 309 inhabitants. Hartford, p-t., Trumbull co., O., 187 s. e. Columbus, 299 W. The soil is fertile and well cultivated. It contains good quarries of building stone. It has 2 churches, 11 sch. 400 scholars. Pop. 1,123. Hartford, t., Licking co., O. Situated near the centre of the state. The village contains 2 churches, 3 stores, 30 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. There are in the t., 6 sch. 350 scholars. Pop. 1,355. Hartford, v., Pulaski co., G^. Situated on the E. side of Ocmulgee r., and contains 12 stores, and about 40 dwellmgs. Sea shells are found here in great abundance, on the banks of the r., w hich is 130 miles distant from the ocean. Hartford, p-v., Delaware co., la., 93 n. e. Indianapolis, 525 W. Hartford, p-v., capital of Blackford co., la., 81 N. E. Indianapolis, 552 W. Hartford, t.. Van Buren co., Mich. Pop. 76. Hartford, t., Pike co.. Mo. It has 1 sch. 21 scholars. Pop. 776. Hartford, p-v., Knox co., 111., 93 n. n. w. Springfield, 525 W. Hartford, p-v., Des Moines co., Iowa. Hartland, p-t., Somerset CO., Me., 47 n. by e. Augusta, 642 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain and to grazing. A large pond lies in its n. part, from which flows a main Dranch of Sebas- ticook r. Incorporated in 1820. It has 1 saw m., 8 sch. 432 scholars. Pop. 1,02S. Hartland, p-t., Windsor co., Vt., 62 s. s. e. Montpelier, 477 W. Situated on the w. bank of Connecticut r. The surface is diversified, and the soil is fertile. Drained by Waterqueechy r. and Lull's brook, which afford water power. Chartered in 1761 by N. H., and in 1766 by N. y. First settled in 1763. It has 6 stores, cap. $24,000; 3 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $49,500. 1 acad. 30 students, 20 sch. 791 scholars. Pop. 2,341. Hartland, p-t., Hartford co., Ct., 24 n. n. e. Hartford, 360 W. The surface is mountainous, and the soil adapted to grazing. Watered by the e. branch of Farmington r. Incorporated in 1761. It has 4 stores, cap. $6,500 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 5 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $44,0iJ0. 9 sch. 179 scholars. Pop. 1,060. Hartland, p-t., Niagara co., N. Y., 270 w. by N. Albany, 410 W. The surface is level ; soil, sandy and calcareous loam. Watered by Johnson's and Eighteen Mile creeks, which flow into Lake Ontario. It has 2 stores, cap. $7,500 ; 2 fulling m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,550. 1 acad. 19 students, 8 sch. 452 scholars. Pop. 2,350. Hartland, p-t., Huron co., O., 9 s. E. Nor- walk, 106 N. by e. Columbus, 384 W. It has 5 Bch. 155 scholars. Pop. 925. Hartland, p-t., Livingston co., Mich., 52 w. by n. Detroit, 571 W. It has 4 sch. 103 scholars. Pop. 570. Hartland, p-v., McHenry co., HI., 226 n. n. e. Springfield, 778 W. Hartley, t.. Union co.. Pa. It has 3 stores, 2 fulling m., 1 forge, 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 3 flouring m., 2 grist m., 10 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $23,750. 7 sch. 280 scholars. Pop 1,866. Hartleyton, p-v., Hartley t., Union co.. Pa., 81 N. Harrisburg, 191 W. It contains a Luther- an church, 3 stores, and 30 or 40 dwellings. Hart's Cross Roads, p-o., Crawford co.. Pa., 248 N. w. Harrisburg, 306 W. Hart's Grove, p-t., Ashtabula co., O., 181 N. E. Columbus, 332 W. Organized in 1820. It has 1 store, I taimery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Pop 553. Hartshorn, p-o.. Orange co., N. C, 61 n. w. Raleigh, 304 W. Hart's Location, p-o., Coos co., N. H., 88 n. Concord, 574 W. Hart's Mills, p-o., Ripley co., la., 78 s. E. Indianapolis, 540 W. Hart's Village, p-o., Washington t., Dutch- ess CO., N. Y., 80 s. Albany, 314 W. Hartsville, p-v., Tyringham t., Berkshire CO., Mass., 134 w. by s. Boston, 361 W. Hartsville, p-v., Manlius t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 128 N. by w. Albany, 354 W. It con- tains 1 store, 1 cotton fac, 1 woollen fac, and about 30 dwellings. Hartsville, p-v., Bucks co.. Pa., 108 E. Harrisburg, 157 W. Situated on the line between Warminster and Warwick townships, and con- tains a store, and 12 or 15 dwellings. Hartsville, p-v., Sumner co., Tenn., 45 N. E. Nashville, 643 W. Situated on the n. side of Cumberland r., and contains 1 church, 1 female seminary, and 300 inhabitants. Hartsville, p-v., Bartholomew co., la., 54 s. Indianapolis, 566 W. Hartsville, p-o., Darlington Dist., S. C, 105 E. by N. Columbus, 477 W. Hartsville, p-o.. Stark co., O., 136 n. e. Co- lumbus, 321 W. Hartsville, p-o., Shiawassee co., Mich., 83 N. w. Detroit, 586 W. Hartville, v., capital of Wright co.. Mo. Situated on the n. side of Wood's Fork of Gasconade r. Hartwick, p-t., Otsego co., N. Y., 74 w. Al- bany, 367 W. Tlie surface is hilly ; soil, a fer- tile sandy loam. Drained by Otego cr. and Susquehanna r. The v. is situated in the valley of the Otego cr., in the n. w. part of the t., and contains 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Metho- dist church, 7 stores, 1 iron foundry, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 clothier's works, 70 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants. There are in the t., 7 stores, cap. .$19,200; 2 fuUing rn., 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 2,616 sp., 3 tanneries, 3 grist m., 6 sawm., loilm. Cap. in manufac. $79,200. 2 acad. 75 students, 17 sch. 1,006 scholars. Pop. 2,490. Hartwick Seminary, p-v., Hartwick t., Otsego CO., N. Y., 73 w. Albany, 369 W. Situ- ated on Susquehanna r., in the e. part of the t. Here is situated the "Hartwick Seminary," under the direction of the Lutherans, for a litera- ry and theological education. Founded in 1816, by a donation of $80,000, by Joim Christopher Hartwick. The number of students is small. It has a library of 1,000 vols. Here are also a Lutheran church, and about 20 dwellings. Hartwood, p-o., Sullivan co., N. Y., 118 s. w. Albany, 276 W. HAT 270 HAV Hartwood, p-o., Staflford co., Va., 72 n. Ricli- mond, 63 W. Harvard, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 32 n. w. Boston, 472 \V. Orpnized in 1732. Nash- ua r. nins on its w. border. Watered by Stony r., wliich proceeds from a large pond, near the centre of the t. Tlie v. at the centre, near the outlet of the pond, contains 1 Congregational and 1 Unitarian church. In the \. e. pari of the t. is a society of Shakers. There are in the t., 3 stores, cap. $15,500 ; 3 paper far., 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,900. y sch. 434 scholars. Pop. 1,571. Harvkv.s, p-o., Greene co., Pa., 223 s. w. Harrisburg, 23J W. Harvevsburgh, p-v., Wayne t., Warren co., O., 81 N. E. Columbus, 453 W. It contains about 40 dwellings, and 300 inhabitants. Harvey's Store, p-o., Charlotte co., Va., 110 s. w. Richmond, 197 W. Harveysvii.le, p-v., Luzerne co., Pa., 108 n. E. Harrisburg, 219 W. Harwicii, p-t., Barnstable co., Mass., 89 s. e. Boston, 490 W. It has the Atlantic on the s. Incorporated in 1C94. Watered by Long pond and Herring r. its outlet, which affords water power. 2,310 bush, salt were manufactured in 1840. The cod and mackerel fisheries employ most of the inhabitants. It has 12 stores, cap. $21,830 ; 8 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $6,000. 13 sch. 1,127 scholars. Pop. 2,930. Harwinton, p-t., Litchfield co., Ct., 24 w. Hartford, 334 W. The surface is elevated and uneven, and the soil adapted to grazing. Incorporated in 1737. Watered by Naugatuc r., which rtms on its w. border, and Lead Mine r. its tributary. The v. contains 1 Congregational and 1 Episcopal church, and 20 or 30 dwellings. There are in the t., 1 cotton fac, 4 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,900. 12 sch. 312 scholars. Pop. 1,201. Haskellville, p-o., Lawrence co., O. Ha-skinsville, p-v., Greene co., Ky., 97 s. s. w. Frankfort, 620 W. HA.STINGS, p-t., Oswego CO., N. Y., 150 w. n. w. Albany, 371 W. The surface is level; soil, sandy loam, adapted to grass. Drained by Salmon cr. on the n., and the outlet of Oneida lake on its s. border. It has 6 stores, cap. $9,950 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 gri.st m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $9,350. 1 arad. ^8 students, 22 sch. 519 scholars. Population 1|983. Hastings, v., Yonkers t., Westchester co., N. Y., 20 .\. New York. Situated on the e. side of Hudson r., and has a convenient landin"- It contains a store, and 12 or 15 dwellings. ° Hastings, po., Richland co., O., 70 n. bv e Columbus, 376 W. ' ' J' Hastings, p-t., capital of Barry co., Mich 144 w by X. Detroit, 609 W. The v. is situated on Ihomapple r., which aflbrds extensive water SS)!;?''' o^' i"*^ ^ "^^^ "^- *-'«I'- "» manufactures $800. J sch. 4a scholars. Pop. 279. Hat, p-o Lancaster co.. Pa., 50 s. e. Harris- burg, 125 W. Hat Creek, p-o., Campbell co., Va. Hatborouoh, p-v., Moreland t., Montgomery ?2o'£?-' V ^- P'^'a^'elphia, 112 e. Harrisburg, loS W. It IS pleasantly situated near Penny- pack cr., and contains a well endowed academy o public library, 2 stores, 1 grist m., and over 40 dwellings. Hatch ersvili.e, p-o., Chesterfield co., Va. Hatcmv, p-o., Hayvvard co., Tenn., 164 w Kashville, 849 W. Hatcuy, r., Tenn., rises in McNairy co., and, I flowing N. w., w., and s. w., over 100 ms., falls into the Mississippi, at Randolph. I Hatfield, p-t., Hampshire co., Mass., 97 w. Boston, 3^4 W. Situated on the w. side of Con- necticut r. The soil is generally fertile. Watered by Mill r. It contains a pleasant v., which has a congregational church. A bridge across Con- necticut r. connects it with Hadley. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,000 : 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,700. 6 sch. 2S5 scholars. Pop. 933. Hatfield, t., Montgomery co., Pa., 24 n. w. Philadelphia. The surface i.s rolling ; soil, sandy loam. Watered by Neshaminy and ToM^amen- sing creeks. It contains the v. of Lexington. Il has 3 stores, cap. $7,000. Pop. 895. Hatteras, cape, N. C, a stormy and danger- ous low promontory on the s. w. end of an isl- and, composed of sand and rock, which encloses Pamlico sound. It is the dread of navigators, and has been the occasion of many shipwrecks. Situated in 33° 15' .\. lat., and 75° 30' w. Ion. Hava.v.va, p-v., Catherines t., Cheraung co., N. Y., 194 w. s. w. Albany, 299 W. Situated on the inlet of Seneca lake, 3 miles from its mouth, and on the line of the Chemung canal. Incor- porated in 1836. It contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodi.st church, 9 stores, 1 warehouse, 1 cot- ton fac, 2 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 plas- ter m., 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 2 boat yards, lOO dwellings, and about 700 inhabitants. Havanna, v.. Licking co., O. Pop. 54. Havanna, p-v., Greene co., Ala., 25 s. Tusca- loosa, 844 W. Havanna, p-v., capital. Mason co.. 111., 45 n. N. w. Springfield, 825 W. Situated on the E. side of Illinois r., directly opposite to the mouth of Spoon r. It is on a high sandy ridge, 50 feet above the highest flood of the r. It has a con- venient landing. Have.nsville, p-o., Bradford co.. Pa., 157 n. Harrisburg, 26 1 W. Haverkord, p-t., Delaware co.. Pa., 95 s. E. Harrisburg, 8 Philadelphia, 137 W. The sur- face is hilly ; soil, a fertile sandy loam, well cul- tivated. Darby cr. nms on its w. boundary. Cobb's cr. runs through the e. part. It has 3 stores, cap. $S,000 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $4,500 ; 1 fulling in., 2 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 130 sp., I tannery, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $55,000. 1 college, 78 students, 3 sch. 295 schol- ars. Pop. 1,139. Haverhill, p-t., semi-capital of Grafton co., N. H., 70 N. N. w. Concord, 515 W. Situated on the E. side of Connecticut r. Incorporated in 1764. Watered by Hazen's and Oliverian brooks, which flow into Connecticut r. The principal v., called Haverhill Corner, is pleasantly situated on the s. side of Oliverian brook, near its entrance into Connecticut r. It contains a court house, jail, banking house, an academy, a Congrega- tional church, a printing office, and about 60 dwellings, many of them handsome. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. $2,300 ; 2 tanneries, 1 printing office, 1 weekly paper, 4 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $40,075. 9 sch. 532 schol- ars. Pop. 2,784. Haverhill, p-t., Essex co., Mass., 32 n. by w. Boston, 462 W. Situated on the n. side of Merrimac r., at the head of navigation, opposite to Bradford, with which it is connected by an eleg.int bridge, 800 feet long. There is another bridge in the e. part of the t., 1,(X)0 feet long, where is another v., containing a Baptist church. The principal v. contains 4 churches — 1 Congre- gational, 1 Baptist, 1 Unitarian, and 1 Universal- ist — a bank, 2 printing offices, and various manu- facturing establishments. Vessels of 100 tons HAW 271 HAY come to this place. There are in the t. 31 stores, cap. $65,000 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tan- neries, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly new.«pape_rs, 5 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $345,450. 1 acad. 70 students, 25 sch. 1,027 scholars. Pop. 4,336. Haverstraw, p-t., Rockland no., N. Y., 115 s. Albany, 271 W. The surface is mountainous, with some fertile valleys. Soil, clay loam. Hud- son r. bounds it on the e. It has convenient landings. The v., on Hud.son r., coniains 2 churches, an academy, 6 stores, 1 ship yard, 60 dwellings, and 400 inhabitants. A steamboat and several .sloops ply between this place and New York. Stony Point, famous in the revolu- tionary war, lies in this t. There are in the t. 9 stores, cap. $25,530 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $5,000; 1 furnace, 2 forges, 1 fulling m., ] woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 paper iac, 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $221,000. 6 sch. 212 scholars. Pop. 3,449. Haviland's Hollow, p-o., Patterson t, Put- nam CO., N. Y., 95 s. Albany, 298 W. Havre de Grace, p-v., seaport, Harford co., Md., 64 N. e. Annapolis, 74 W. Situated on the w. bank of Susquehanna r., at its entrance into Chesapeake bay. The Wilmington and Balti- more railroad passes through the place, and crosses the Susquehanna r. by a steam ferry. The Susquehanna canal terminates here, and connects the Chesapeake with the canals of Pa. It contains 1 Episcopal church, several stores, a printing office, and 1,200 inhabitants. It has val- uable shad and herring fisheries. It was burned in 1813 by the British, under Admiral Cockburn. Hawesville, p-v., capital of Hancock co., Ky., 135 w. by s. Frankfort, 677 W. Situated on the s. bank of the Ohio r., at the mouth of Lead cr. It has a court house, 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist church, and 420 inhabitants. Hawfield, p-v., Orange co., N. C, 48 n. w. Raleigh, 282 W. Hawkins, county, Tenn. Situated in the n. E. part of the state, and contains 750 sq, ms. The surface is mountainous. Drained by Holston and Clinch rivers, and their tributaries. Capital, Rogersville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 13,198, sheep 18,8S7, swine 54,320 ; wheat 100,777 bush, produced, rye 3,992, Ind. com 697,966, oats 206,612. potatoes 51,754, tobacco 53,140 pounds, cotton 929, sugar 51,030 ; 13 stores, cap. $112,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 1,149 sp., 12 tanneries, 53 distilleries, 1 pottery, 7 flour- ing m., 46 grist m., 32 saw m., 3 oil m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $139,744. 1 acad. 20 students, 50 sch. 1,037 scholars. Pop. whites 13,408, slaves 1,499, free col'd 128 ; total, 15,035. Hawkinsville, p-o., Susses co., Va., 43 s. Richmond, 162 W. Hawkinsville, p-v., capital of Pulaski co., Ga., 71 s. Milledgevdle, 718 W. Situated on the w. bank of the Ocmulgee r. It has a court house, jail, and bank. Hawley, p-t., Franklin co., Mass., Ill w. by N. Boston, 405 W. The surface is elevated and imeven, and the soil adapted to grazing. Water- ed by branches of Deerfield r. Incorporated in 1792. Iron ore is found here. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,200; 2 tanneries, 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,550. 10 sch. 264 scholars. Pop. 977. Haw Patch, p-o., La Grange co., la., 157 n. E. Indianapolis, 596 W. Haw, r., N. C, rises in Rockingham and Guil- ford comities, and in Chatham co. unites with Deep r., to form the n. w. bi-anch of Cape Fear r. Haw Creek, t., Morgan co., Mo. Pop. 603. Haw River, p-o., Orange co., N. C, 59 n. w. Raleigh, 292 W. Hawsburg, p-v., Rappahannock co., Va., 130 N. N. w. Richmond, 87 W. Hawser town, p-o., Owen co., la., 70 s. w. Indianapolis, 641 W. Haycock, t., Bucks co.. Pa., 12 Doylestown. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravel. Watered by Tohickon creek and its tributaries. It has 1 tan- nery, 4 potteries, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,200. 3 sch. 65 scholars. Pop. 1,021. Hayfield, p-t., Crawford co.. Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000; 1 distillery, 5 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $5,200. Pop. 1,401. Haydensville, p-o., Hampshire co., Mass., 98 W.Boston, 386 W. Haydon's, p-o., Owen co., Ky., 37 n. Frank- fort, 548 W. Haysville, p-v., Vermilion t., Richland co., O., 78 N. N. e. Columbus, 363 W. It is a small v., containing 2 stores. Hay Market, p-v.. Prince WUliam co., Va., 114 N. Richmond, 46 W. Haymeadow, p-o., Wilkes co., N. C, 184 w. by N. Raleigh, 338 W. Haynes, p-o., Grainger co., Tenn., 220 e. Nashville, 485 W. Haynesville, p-o., Aroostook co.. Me., 159 n. E. Augusta, 754 W. Haynesville, p-v., Ohio co., Ky., 141 s. w. Frankfort, 633 W. Haynesville, p-v., York dist., S. C, 86 n. Columbia, 437 W. Haynesville, p-v., Houston co., Ga., 69 s. w. MiUedgeville, 725 W. Haynesville, p-v., capital of Lowndes co., Ala., 116 s. e. Tuscaloosa, 859 W. Situated ou . the n. side of Big Swamp cr., and contains a court house, and several dwellings. Haystack, po., Surry co., N. C, 160 w.by N. Raleigh, 341 W. Haywood, county, N. C. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 1,890 sq. ms. The Blue Ridge lies on the s. side. The Smoky mountains are on its n. w. border. Drained by the head branches of Tennessee r., the chief of which are Cowee and Tuckaseegee crs. The sur- face is elevated, being in its lower parts 1,500 ft. above the level of the ocean. Capital, Waynes- ville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 13,478, sheep 5,293, swine 9,135 ; v^'heat 19,559 bushels produced, rye 7,735, Ind. corn 183,554, buckwheat 2,044, oats 36,263, potatoes 15,916, tobacco 10,628 pounds ; 7 stores, cap. $52,000 ; 5 tanneries, 17 distilleries, 3 flouring m., 9 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,303. 1 sch. 64 scholars. Pop. whites 4,650, slaves 304, free col'd 21 ; total, 4,975. Haywood, county, Tenn. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 600 sq. miles. Watered on the s. by the Hatchy river and its branches ; and in the n. by the s. fork of Forked Deer r. and branches. Capital, Brownsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 15,348, sheep 5,182, swine 53,850 ; wheat 54,100 bush, produc- ed, rye 4,700, Ind. com 710,500, oats 80,600, po- tatoes 75,000, rice 4,500 pounds, tobacco 198,500, cotton 3,175,000 ; 21 stores, cap. $177,000; 5 tan- neries, 6 distilleries, 2 flouring m., 9 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. C'ap. in manufac. $45,200. 4 acad. 182 students, 23 sch. 493 scholars. Pop. whites 7,575, slaves 6,257, free col'd 33 ; total, 13,870. Haywood, p-v., Chatham co., N. C, 31 w. Ra- leigh, 319 W. Situated at the confluence of Haw and Deep rivers to form Cape Fear r. HEB 272 HEI Hazard Forge, p-o., Hardy co., Va., 188 n. w. Richmond, 150 W. Hazlk Green, p-v., Madison cc, Ala., 171 n. N. E. Tuscaloosa, 722 W. Hazi.e Green, p-o., Morgan co., Ky., 100 e. by s. Frankfort, 511 W. Hazle Green, p-o., Grant co., Wis., 83 w. Madison, 8'Jl W. Hazleton, p-v., Ilazle t., Luzerne co.. Pa., 106 n. e. Ilarrisbiirg, 214 W. Hazle, t., Luzerne CO., Fa. It has 4 stores, cap. $15,000; 1 furnace, 5 saw in. ("ap.ininan- ufac. .S4,20a. 3 sch. 125 scholars. Pop. 893. IIazlewood, p-o., Chester dist., S. C, 49 N. Columbia, 456 W. Head of Harror, v., Smithtown t, SufTolk CO., N. Y., 50 E. New York city. Pleasantly sit- uated around the head of Stony Brook harbor. It has about 25 dwellings. Head of Paint, p-o., Morgan co., Ky., 125 w. Frankfort, 469 W. Head of S.vssafras, p-o., Kent co., Md., 70 N. E. Annapolis, 1 10 W. Headlev's Mills, p-o.. Fountain co., la., 85 w. N. w. Indianapolis, 656 W. Healing Springs, p-o., Davidson co., N. C, 136 w. Raleigh, 373 W. Heard, county, Ga. Situated on the w. line of the state. It contains about 175 sq. ms. The Chattahoochee r. enters its n. e. corner and pass- es through it. The surface is level ; soil, mode- rately fertile. Capital, Franklin. There were in 1810, neat cattle 5,329, sheep 1,686, swine 12,019; wheat 19,741 bush, produced, Ind. corn 165,597, oats 8,806, potatoes 5, 144, cotton 1,846,593 pounds ; 14 stores, cap. $3S,000 ; 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 11 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $24,110. 2 acad. 78 students, 5 sch. 161 scholars. Pop. whites 3,749, slaves 1,577, free col'd 3 ; total, 5,3:i9. Heard.*! Ridge, p-o., Penobscot co., Me., 120 N. E. Augusta, 713 W. Heart Prairie, p-o., Walworth co.. Wis. Heath, _p-t., Franklin co., Mass., 109 w. n. w. Boston, 457 W. The surface is mountainous ; soil, adapted to grazing. Incorporated in 1785. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanne- ries, 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufactures, $3,600. 9 sch. 266 scholars. Pop. 895. Heath, t., Harrison co., la. It has 4 distille- ries, 4 grist m. Pop. 1,351. Heathsville, p-v., capital of Northumberland CO., Va., 98 E. by n. Richmond, 157 W. Beau- tifully situated near the head of Coan r. It con- tains a court house, jail, Methodist church, an academy, 1 flouring m., 1 tannery, and about 60 dwellings. Heathsville, p-v., Halifax co., N. C, 82 n. E. Raleigh, 228 W. Heaton's Furnace, p-o., Trumbull cc, O., 169 N. E. Columbus, 303 W. Hebardsville, p-v., Alexander t., Athens co., V.,b s. Athens, 78 s. s. e. Columbus, 345 W. Hedberdsville, p-v., Henderson co., Ky., 183 w. by s. Frankfort, 710 W. Hebron, p-t., Oxferd co.. Me., 45 w.s. w. Au- gusta, 586 W. Incorporated in 1792. The soil 18 fertile. Drained by a branch of Androscoggin '■,^." '^'"' ^ """^ ■"•' 1 acad. 20 students, 8 sch 396 scholars. Pop. 945. Hebron, p-t., Grafton co., N. H., 40 n. w. Con- cord 512 W. Incorporated in 1792. About half of Newfound lake occupies its s. part. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 saw m., 1 acad 40 student's, 6 sch. 192 .scholars. Pop. 508. Hebron, p-t., Tolland co., Ct., 25 s. e. Hart- ford, 3^13 W. Incorporated in 1707. Hop r. a branch of Willimantic r., forms the n. e. bound- ary. North pond, in the s. part, affords by its outlet, water power. The surface is uneven and hilly ; soil, considerably fertile. The t. contains 4 churches — 2 Congregational, 1 Episco- pal, and 1 Methodist. The principal v. contains a handsome Episcopal church, of Gothic archi- tecture, a Congregational church, and a number of neat houses. There are in the t., 7 sti)res, cap. $13,900; 3 cotton lac. 1,400 sp., 2 furnaces, 2 tanneries, 8 distilleries, 1 paper lac, 6 grist m., 11 saw in. Cap. in manufac. $51,000. 10 sch. 314 scholars. Pop. 1,726. Hebro.n. p-t., Washington cc, N. Y., 54 n. Al- bany, 424 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, sandy loam. Drained by Black cr. It has 9 stores, cap. $24,050 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 4 tan- neries, 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,8S8. 18 sch. 813 scholars. Pop. 2,498. Hebron, t, Potter co.. Pa. Pop. 162. Hebron, p-t., Licking co., O., 27 n. e. Colum- bus, 366 W. It has 1 sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 473. Hebron, p-v., Washington co., Ga., 16 s. E. Milledgeville, 664 W. Hebron, p-v., McHeru-y cc. III., 230 n. n. e. Springfield, 765 W. Hecktown, p-v.. Lower Nazareth t, North- ampton CO., Pa., 99 E. n. e. Harrisburg, 192 W. It contains a Lutheran church, 1 store, and about 12 or 15 dwellings. Hector, p-t., Tompkins co., N. Y., 14 w. Ith- aca, 184 w. s. w. Albany, 311 W. The surface is elevated and undulating ; soil, fertile, and adapted to grass. Seneca lake bounds it on the w., and receives some of its streams, while oth- ers flow E. into Cayuga lake. It contains 2 stores, cap. $17,000 ; 2 fulling m., 4 tanneries, 1 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,475. 39 sch. 1,932 scholars. Pop. 5,652. Hector, p-t.. Potter co., Pa. It has 1 grist ra. Pop. 119. Hedgesville, p-o., Berkeley cc, Va., 176 N by w. Richmond, 84 W. Heildersburg, pv., Tyrone t, Adams co. Pa., 25 s. E. Harrisburg, 85 W. Heidelberg, t., Berks co.. Pa. The surface is level or hilly ; soil, calcareou.s loam and gravel, and very fertile, adapted to grain and to grass. Watered by Tulpehocken, Spring, and Cacoosing creeks. It has a 3Ioravian church, and one com- mon to Lutherans and Presbyterians. It con- tains 5 stores, cap. $17,000 ; 1 furnace, 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 pa- per fac, 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,625. Pop. 3,539. Heidelberg, t., Lebanon co.. Pa. The sur- face is level ; soil, calcareous. Drained on the .\. e. by Mill cr., a tributary of Tulpehocken cr., on the s. w. by Hammer cr., a branch of Cones- toga r., botii of which afford water power. The v. is 8 ms. s. E. of Lebanon. It has 6 stores, cap. $32,500 ; 1 fulling m., 4 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 5 grist m., 5 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $14,141. 4 sch. 120 scholars. Pop. 2,827. Heidelberg, t., Lehigh co.. Pa. The surface is uneven, the Blue Ridge crossing the n. part. The soil is a white gravel. The Lehigh Water Gap, where the r. passes the mountain, is in its N. E. point. Drained by Lehigh r., which rims on its E. boundary, and by Trout and Jordan's creeks. It contains 1 Lutheran church, 4 stores, cap. $9,500 ; 1 furnace, 1 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 29 distilleries, 1 gun and rifle fac, 9 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufactures. $4,300. 5 sch. 140 scholars. Pop. 2,354. Heidelberg, t., York co., Pa., 15 s. w. York. The surface is level ; soil, a fertile calcareous HEM 273 HEN loam. Watered by Cndorus and Hammer creeks. It contains 2 stores, cap. $3,600 ; 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 16 distilleries, 9 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $46,720. 6 sch. 157 scholars. Pop. 1,52S. Helderbergs, hills or mountains, N. Y., ex- tend through the w. part of Albany co. into Schoharie co., and unite with the Catskill range. They are 400 or 300 feet high, precipitous, and consist of limestone, on a basis of graywacke. The rocks contain fossil remains and curious caverns. Helena, p-v.. Brasher t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 236 N. by w. Albany, 535 W. Situated on St. Regis r., and contains 1 store, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 20 dwellings, and about 100 inhabitants. Helena, p-v., Mason co., Ky., 87 n. e. Frank- fort, 475 W. Helena, p-v., capital. Philips co.. Ark., 122 e. Little Rock, 1,011 W. Situated on the \v. bank of Mississippi r. It contains a court house, jail, a U. S. land office, 10 stores, cap. $77,000 ; 1 tan- nery, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers, and about 500 inhabitants. Helena, p-v., Iowa co., Wis., 59 n. w. 3Iadi- son, 906 W. Hellam, p-t, York co., Pa., 29 s. Harrisburg, 95 W. The surface is level ; soil underlaid with limestone, and fertile. Codorus cr. forms its n. w. boundary. Grist cr. flows through it into the Susquehanna r., which runs on its n. e. bound- ary. A bridge here crosses the Susquehanna, 5,6'JO feet in length. It has 8 stores, cap. $36,850 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $15,500 ; 1 furnace, 1 forge, 2 tanneries, 6 distilleries, 5 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $30,160. 9 sch. 225 scholars. Pop. 1,421. Hellen, p-v., Clearfield co., Pa., 176 n. w. Harrisburg, 26S W. Hellerstow.v, p-v., Northampton co.. Pa., 97 E. N. E. Harrisburg, 183 W. It contains 2 stores, I grist m., and 15 or 20 dwellings. Hell Gate, or Helle Gatt, i\. Y., a danger- ous pass in the strait called East river, between Great Barn Island and Long Island, 7 ms. n. e. of New York. It is formed by projecting rocks, which confine the water to a narrow and crooked channel, occasioning strong eddy currents, dan- gerous to vessels at certain times of the tide. The largest vessels pass it readily at liigh water. Steamboats pa?s it at all times, and also small vessels, with a fair wind. Helvitia, po., Madison co.,Ill., 104 s. Spring- field, 788 W. Helt, t., Vermilion co., la. It Iv.s 1 distillery. Cap. in manufac. $300. 1 sch. 2t^ scholars. Pop. 2,li5. Hemlock, t., Columbia cr,. Pa. The surface IS diversified ; soil, loam a'.d clay. Drained by Mahoning, Great and lyale Fishing, and Hem- lock creeks. The sta'^e canal ibllows the Sus- quehanna r. along 'is s. boundary. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,50ft , 1 fulling m., 1 flouring m., 2 grist m. Cap. ir. manufac. $2,970. 4 sch. 140 scholars. Pop. 957. Hemlock Lake, p-o., Livonia t., Livingston CO., N. Y. ' He.mlo^k, lake, N. Y., lies on the e. border of Livingston co., extending into Ontario co., 6 ms. long, and 1 wide. Its waters flow into the outlet of Honeoye lake. Hemlock Mills, p-o., Alleghany co.. Pa. Hempfield, p-v.. East Hempfield t., Lancas- ter CO., Pa., 40 s. E. Harrisburg, 114 W. Hempfield, t.,Westmoreland co.. Pa. The sur- face is hilly ; soil, loam and gravel. Drained by Bush and Big and Little Sewickly crs. It has 2 35 stores, cap. $2,800 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 7 dis- tilleries, 3 flouring m., 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,200. 1 acad. 40 students, 12 sch. 312 scholars. Pop. 4,772. Hemphill's Store, p-o., Mecklenburg co., N. C, 170 w. by s. Raleigh, 409 W. Hempstead, county. Ark. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 1,130 sq. miles. Red r. runs on its s. w. border, and Little Mis- souri on its N. e. border. The .soil is generally thin and sterile. Capital, Washington. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,736, sheep 2,020, swine 21,329; wheat 1,777 bush, produced, Ind. corn 321,285, oats 15,2j9, potatoes 18,072, cotton 185,261 pounds; 14 stores, cap. $147,700; 2 tan- neries, 1 distillery, 8 grist m., 7 saw m., 1 print- ing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap, in manu- fac. $9,600. 4 acad. 148 students, 4 sch. 118 scholars. Pop. whites 2,923, slaves 1,936, free col'd 62 ; total, 4,921. He.mpstead, p t., Queens Co., N. Y., 170 s. by e. Albany, 21 ISew York, 250 W. The surface is level ; soil, sand and sandy loam, productive when well cultivated. Between Hempstead and North Hempstead are Hempstead Plains, an im- mense heath of 15,000 acres, lying in a state of nature, and constituting a common pasturage for the t., on which several thousand cattle and sheep are fed annually. It might be made fer- tile by cultivation. The v. is pleasantly situated on the s. margin of these plains, and contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist — a seminary for males and females, an insurance company, 16 stores of various kinds, 1 tannery, 1 printing oflice, 2.0 dwellings, and about 1,400 inhabitants. Several islands belong to the t., and Rockaway beach, on the Atlantic, a place of great resort, wliere is a splendid hotel for visiters. There are in the t. 20 stores, cap: $S8,350 ; 2 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 2 paper fac, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 17 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6i,750. 1 acad. 119 students, 24 sch. 1,279 scholars. Pop. 7,609. Hempstead Bay, Hempstead t., Queens co., N. v., is included between Long Beach and Long Island, and is 6 ms. long, and from 1 to 2 broad, abounding with shell and scale fish, and water fowl. He.mpstead Harbor, p-v., North Hempstead t.. Queens co., N. Y., 170 s. by e. Albany, 2.50 W. Situated at the head of Hempstead harbor, on the N. shore of Long Island. It contains 1 Meth- odist church, 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 pa- per m., 1 carding and fulling m., 1 glass cutting fac, 45 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Sloops continually ply between this place and New York. Henderson, county, N. C. Situated in the w. part of the state. The surface is mountain- aus ; soil well adapted for fanning, and particu- larly for grazing. Drained by French Broad r. and branches. Capital, Hendersonville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,278, sheep 3,037, swine 5,438; wheat 1,268 busliels produced, rye 5,293, Ind. corn 59,340, oats 9,677, potatoes 4,712, tobacco 1,229 pounds; 3 stores, cap. $11,000; 2 forges, 2 tanneries, 14 distilleries, 5 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $l,80iO. 1 sch. 21 scholars. Pop. whites 4,628, slaves 466, free col'd 35; total, 5,129. Henderson, county, Tenn. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 780 square ms. The surface is tolerably level ; soil, well adapted to grain and to grass, and the growth of the vine. Drained by the head waters of Beech r.. Big Sandy r., and of the s. fork of Forked Deer r. Capital, Lexington. There were in 1840, neat .HEN 274 HEN cattle 12,40(), sheep 10,538, swine 61,399; wheat 61,50:2 biisli. prodiieed, Indiun corn -195,870, onU 67,917, potatoes 5,602, tobaeco 12,000 pounds, cotton 561,576; 14 stores, cap. Sll,0;)0; 6 tan- neries, 15 distilleries, 4 potteries, 1 (louring m.. 15 grist ra., 5 saw m., 2 oil ni. Cap. in nianufac. §23,300. 11 sell. 265 scholars. Pop. whites 9,911, slaves 1,954, free col'd 10; total, 11,875. He.ndkr.'^on, county, Ky. Situated in the n. w. part of the stale, and contains 725 square ms. Ohio r. runs on its n. boundary. Green r. passes through its n. e. part. Canoe r. through its cen- tral part, and Highland creek washes its s. w. border. Capital, Henderson. Tliere were in 1840, neat cattle 9,206, sheep 6,568, swine 31,3^3 ; wheat 37,(K)6 bush, produced, rye 2,14G, Indian corn 503,670, oats 46,776, potatoes 11,608, tobacco 2,977,810 pounds; 5 commission houses, capital $199,000; 28 stores, cap. $120,900; 2 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 28 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in nian- ufac. $29,235. 3 acad. 106 students, 17 sell. 401 scholars. Pop. whites 6,181, slaves 3,319, free col'd 48 ; total, 9,548. Henderson, p-t., JefTerson co., N. Y., 181 n. w. Albany, 412 W. The surface is level; soil, a fertile sandy loam. Drained by Stony and Little Stony creeks, that flow into Lake Ontario, which lies on its w. and n. border. Several considerable islands in the lake belong to it. The v., called Henderson Harbor, situated at the head of Hungry bay, of Lake Ontario, is a port of entry, has a good harbor, and contains at the landing 1 store, and about 15 dwelling.s. The V. is three quarters of a mile from the landing, on Stony cr., and contains 1 Baptist and 1 Univer- salist church, 3 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 25 dwelling.s, and about 150 inhabitants. There are in the t. 1 store, cap. $3,000; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,600. 15 sell. 531 scholars. Pop. 2,480. Henderson, p-o., Mercer co., Pa., 222 n. w. Harrisburg, 279 W. Henderson, t., Huntingdon co.. Pa., is bound- ed s. w. and w. by Jimiata r. It contains 4 stores, cap. $31,000; 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,850. 2 sch. 70 scholars. Pop. 1,555. Henderson, p-v., Houston co., Ga., 68 s. w. Milledgeville, 725 W. Henderson, p-v., capital of Henderson co., Ky., 197 Frankfort, 724 W. Pleasantly situated on the s. bank of Ohio r., 44 miles above the mouth of the Wabash. It contains a court house, and several stores and dwellings. Henderso.v, p-v., Granville co., N. C, 44 n. Raleigh, 244 W. Henderson, p-v., Knox co., 111., 110 n. n. w. Springfield, 829 VV. Situated on Henderson r. Around it is a fine body of timber, surrounded by dry and fertile prairies. Pop. 271. Henderson's Mills, p-o., Greene co., Tenn., 264 E. .Nashville, 431 W. Hendersonville, Nottaway cc, Va. (See Nottaway C. H.) Hendersonville, p-v., capital of Henderson CO., N. C. Situated on French Broad river, and contains a court house, and several stores and dwellings. Hendersonville, p-v., Sumner co., Tenn., 16 N. K. Nashville, 677 W. Situated 1 mile n. of Cumberland r. It has 10 inhabitants. Hendersonville, p-v., Henry co., Ky., 33 n. w. Frankfort, 575 \V. Hendricks, county, la. Situated a little w. of the ccjitre of the state, and contains 3S0 sq. Ills. The surface is rolling ; soil, productive. Drained by While Lick cr., Eel r., and Mud or.. which afford water power. Capital, Danville. There were in 1810, neat cattle 11,272, sheep 15,03:), swine 32,123; wheat 61,370 bushels pro- duced, Indian corn .540,000, oats 113,654, potatoes 23,418, tobacco 20,700 pounds, sugar 124,765; 11 tanneries, 7 distilleries, 18 grist m., 22 saw m., 2 oil m. ("ap. in manufac. .$62,100. 55 sch. 1,450 scholars. Pop. 1810, 11,264. Hendricks, t., Shelby co., la. It has 1 tan- nery, 2 distilleries, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $850. 1 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 879. Hendrick's Store, p-o., Bedford co., Va., 15S W.Richmond, 233 W^ Hendrysburg, p-v., Kirkwood t., Belmont co., O., 99 e. Columbus, 294 W. Situated on the national road, 15 w. St. Clairsville. Hennepin, p-v., capital of Putnam co.. 111., 118 N. Springfield, 803 \V. Situated in the great bend, on the e. bank of Illinois r., on the border of De Pru prairie. It has an elevated situation, the ground gently ascending from the r. It con- tains a court house, jail, 2 churches — 1 Presbyte- rian and 1 Methodist — 14 stores, and about 500 inhabitants. Steamboats ascend to this place at a moderate stage of water. He.nlopen, cape, Del., is the s. w. point at the entrance of Delaware bay, 18 ms. s. w. from Cape May, the opposite point, in 30° 47' iN. lat. and 75° 6' VV. long. Here is a light house. Henniker, pt., Mcrrimac co., N. H., 15 w. by s. Concord, 467 W. Incorporated in 1768. Watered by Contoocook r., which affords good water power. The surface is hilly ; soil, fertile. Long pond in the n. part of the t. discharges its waters into Contoocook r., where is a v. contain- ing 2 churches. It has 4 stores, cap. $11,000 ; 2 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,400. 1 acad. 50 students, 12 sch. 663 scholars. Pop. 1,715. He.nrico, county, Va. Situated centrally in the E. part of the state, and contains 291 sq. ms The surface is undulating, and the soil diversi- fied. Chickahoniiny r. runs on its .\. e. bound- ary. Capital, Richmond. There were in 1840, neat cattle .5,098, sheep 2,454, swine 11,975; wheat 39,095 bush, produced, rye 3,079, Ind. corn 247,671, oats 137,543, potatoes 12,189, to- bacco 33,300 pounds, cotton 1,234, bituminous coal 1,012,200 bush. ; 17 commercial and 29 com- mission houses, cap. $3,6^2,000 ; 269 stores, cap. $1,6.58,150 ; 3 lumber yards, cap. $21,000 ; 4 fur- naces, 8 forges, 1 cotton fac. 5,810 sp., 6 distille- ries, 4 potteries, 21 flouring m., 19 grist m., 15 saw m., 1 paper fac, 8 printing offices, 2 daily, 6 weekly, 2 semi-weekly newspapers, 1 periodi- cal. Cap. in manufac. $1,3B4,750. 1 college, 63 students, 17 acad. 934 students, 37 sch. 928 scholars. Pop. whites 16,900, slaves 13,237, free col'd 2,939 ; total. 33,076. Henrietta, p-t., Monroe co., N. Y., 223 w. by N. Albany, 368 W. The surface is rolling ; soil, very fertile. W^atered by Genesee r. The v. contains 2 churches — 1 Presbyterian and 1 Bap- tist — a high school, 1 store, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. There are in t. 2 stores, cap. $30,000. Cap. in manufac. $4,500. 1 acad. 116 students, 17 sch. 677 scholars. Pop. 2,0S5. Henriett.\, p-t., Lorain co., O., 118 n. n. e. Columbus, 3^5 W. Situated on the great mail road, 11 w. Elyria, 35 w. Cleaveland. It has 3 sch. 131 scholars. Pop. 743. Henrietta, p-t., .lackson co., Mich. It has 2 sch. 53 scholars. Pop. 277. Henry, cape, Va. Situated on s. side of the entrance into Chesapeake bay, 12 ms. s. Cape Charies, in 36° 58' n. lat. and 76° 21' w. Ion. Henry, county, Va. Situated in the s. to HEN 275 HER ward the w. part of the state, and contains 358 sq. ms. Watered by Smith's and Mary's rivers, branches of Dan r. fcapital, Martinsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,l'2-l, sheep 4,633, swine 15,712 ; wheat 39,696 bush, produced, Ind corn 236,155, oats 73,916, potatoes 11,^24, tobac- co 1,623,500 pounds, cotton 2,651 ; 7 stores, cap $33,200 ; 2 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 26 grist m., 18 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §13,729. 2 aead. 54 students, 15 sch. 412 scholars. Pop. whites 4,243, slaves 2,852, free cold 240; total, 7,335. Henry, county, Ga. Situated a little n. w. of the centre of the state, and contains 594 sq. ms, Ocmulgee r. runs on its n. e. boundary, by branches of which, and of Flint r.. it is watered. Capital, McDonough. There were in 1S40, neat cattle 8,671, sheep 2,764, swine 19,557 ; wheat 55,993 bush, produced, Ind. corn 301,350, oats 44,393, potatoes 4,88S, cotton 567,300 pounds ; 21 stores, cap. $60,300 ; 1 cotton fac. 334 sp., 2 tan- neries, 16 distilleries, 11 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,750. 1 acad. 30 students, 31 sch. 634 scholars. Pop. wliites 8,424, slaves 3,316, free col'd 16 ; total, 11,756. Henry, coimty, Ala. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and contains 975 sq.ms. Chat- tahoochee r. runs on its e. border. Drained by branches of Choctawhatchee r. The soil is ster- ile, and covered with pine. Capital, Abbeville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,419, sheep 1,204, swine 15,143 ; wheat 1,715 bush, produced, Ind. corn 99,789, oats 2,974, potatoes 5,534, cot- ton 664,311 pounds ; 1 cotton fac. 72 sp., i tan- nery, 1 distillery, 24 grist m., 72 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,100. 1 acad. 122 students, 11 sch. 329 scholars. Pop. whites 4,701, slaves 1,034, free col'd 2 ; total, 5,787. Henry, county, Tenn. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 600 sq. ms. Ten- nessee r. runs on its e. border. Drained by Big and Little Sandy rivers, which flow e. into the Tennessee r., and by the North and Middle forks of Obion r., which flows w. into the Ivlississippi. Capital, Paris. There were in 1340, neat cattle 15,551, sheep 12,146, swine 49,^02; wheat 107,992 bush, produced, rye 3,240, Ind. corn 116,440, oats 119,114, potatoes 21,509, tobacco 9,479,065 pounds, cotton 172,527 ; 5 stores, cap. $3,700 ; 5 tanneries, 13 distilleries, 2 grist m., 8 saw m., 1 printing oflice, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. §123,040. 3 acad. 77 students, 22 sch. 531 scliolars. Pop. whites 11,214, slaves 3,677, free col'd 15 ; total, 14,906. Henry, county, Ky. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 260 sq. ms. Kentucky r. runs on its e. boundary, by branches of which, and by Little Kentucky r., its surface is drained. Cap- ital, New Ca.stle. There were in 1840, neat cattle 'J,761, sheep 15,999, swine 35,109; wlieat 96,399 bush, produced, rye, 15,250, Ind. corn 59;>.962, oats 81,041, potatoes 11,783, tobacco 1,596, 3 j5 pounds, sugar 14,642 ; 18 stores, cap. $116,6^4; 6 tanneries, 12 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $23,951. 1 acad., 18 sch. 725 scholars. Pop. whites 7,637, slaves 2,319, free col'd 29: total, 10,015. Henry, county, O. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 576 sq. ms. Mau- mee r. runs through the co., by wliich and its tributaries, it is drained. The Wabash and Erie canal passes along the n. side of tliis r., through the CO. The surface is level, and the soil fertile. Capital, Napoleon. Thrre were in 1810, neat cattle 1,891, sheep 478, swhie 2,941 ; wheat 4,333 bush, produced, Ind. com 36,060, oats 12,514, potatoes 25,839, sugar 19,453 pounds ; 9 stores, cap. $12,600 ; 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,300. 13 sch. 326 scholars. Pop. 2,503. Henry, county, la. Situated toward the e. part of the state, and contains 380 sq. ms. The surface is generally level, in some parts a little broken, mostly woodland, with some prairies. Watered by Flat Rock and Blue rivers, and Fall cr. The country is well supplied with pure wa- ter, and some mill sites. Capital, New Castle. There were in 1810, neat cattle 11,272, sheep 15,03J, swine 32,123; wheat 61,370 bush, pro- duced, Ind. corn 510,000, oats 113,651, potatoes 23,443, tobacco 20,700 pounds, stigar 121,765 ; 17 stores, cap. $30,250 ; 1 fuUing m., 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 9 grist m., 14 saw m., 3 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $52,600. 25 sch. 661 scholars. Pop. 15,123. Henry, county. 111. Situated toward the n. w. part of the state, and contains 840 sq. ms. Watered by Edwards, Rock, and Green rivers. The soil is ui some parts fertile, in the n. wet and swampy. Capital, Morriston. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,729, sheep 363, swine 5,537; wheat 15,432 bush, produced, Ind. corn 52,410, oats 11,335, potatoes 10,802 ; 3 stores, cap. $4,000; 1 flouring m., 2 saw m., 4 oil m. Cap. in manu- fac. $14,900. 2 sch. 71 scholars. Pop. 1,260. Henry, county, Iowa. Situated centrally, to- ward the s. part of the ter., and contains 432 sq. ras. The soil is very fertile. Watered by Che- cauque or Skunk r. and its tributaries, and Big, Brush, and Little Cedar creeks. The surface is elevated and rolling ; the soil, a rich black mold. Capital, Mount Pleasant. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,634, sheep 2,538, swine 12,714; w^ieat 11,375 bush, produced, Ind. corn 233,200, oats 22,500, potatoes 16,224, sugar 5,450 pounds ; 13 stores, cap. $34,700; 5 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,745. 7 sch. 222 scholars. Pop. 3,772. IIexry, county. Mo. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 750 sq. ms. Drained by Grand r. of Osage r. Capital, Clinton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,936, sheep 3,376, swine 17,835 ; wheat 5,233 bush, produced, Ind. corn 229,691, oats 21,933, potatoes 5,944, tobacco 10,151 pounds ; 15 stores, cap. $46,045 ; 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,100. 15 sch. 299 scholars. Pop. whites 4,036, slaves 636, free col'd 4 ; total, 4,726. Hepburn, p-t., Lycoming co.. Pa., 9 n. Wil- liamsport. The su.i-face is hilly and mountain- ous ; soil, slate and gravel. Plunket's, Loyal- sock, and Lycoming creeks run on its boundaries. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 2 woollen fac, 1 tan- nery, 2 grist m., 11 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $24,050. 8 sch. 240 scholars. Pop. 1,570. Henry Cl.\y, t., Fayette co., Pa. The sur- face is mountainous ; soil, gravelly. Drained by Youghiogeny r. and its branches. It has 2 tan- neries, 2 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 7 saw m., 5 sch. 113 scholars. Pop. 891. Henry's Cross Roads, p-o., Sevier co., Tenn., 210 E. by s. Nashville, 5 )3 W. Herbert, p-o., Neshoba co., Miss., 86 Jackson, 931 W. Herculaneum, p-v., Jefferson co.. Mo., 160 Jefferson city, 840 W. Situated on the w. side of Mississippi r., 30 ms. below St. Louis. It has a good landing, and it is the great mart of the lead region, in the surrounding coimtry. There are several shot factories in the vicinity. It con- tains about 200 inhabitants. HeivEFord, p-t., Berks co.. Pa., 8CLe. Harris- burg, 173 W. Watered by the mam and w. branches of Perkiomen cr. Shoub's mountain is HER 276 HTC on the N. E. boundary. It contains 4 churohes — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Lutheran, 1 Schwenkfelders, and 1 Roman Catholic. It has 6 stores, cap. $18,750; 3 forges, 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 5 grist m., 6 saw in., 2 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $6,000. Pop. 1,'235. Hereforo, p-v., Baltimore co., Md., 52 An- napolis, 62 W. Hereford'.", p-o.. Mason co., Va., 336 w. n. w. Richmond, 376 VV. Hkrkimer, county, N. Y. Situated centrally toward the N. e. part of the stale, and contains 1,370 sq. nis. Organized in 1791, but since en- larged. The Adirondack mountains pass through its s. w. part, being broken through by the AIo- hawk, at Little Falls. The surface is diversified, being generally broken, hilly or mountainous, ex- cepting s. of the IMohawk, where it is level and very fertile. Iron ore is extensively found, and some gypsum and lead. Beautiful rock crystals are abundant in the neighborhood of Little Falls. In the N. part are numerous lakes and ponds. The Erie canal, and the Utica and Schenectady railroad, pass through the co. Capital, Herkimer. There were in 1840, neat cattle 55,437, sheep 80,182, swine 33,957; wheat 84,723 bush, pro- duced, rye 15,935, Ind. corn 160,92'), buckwheat 29,035, barley 126,9:)0, oats 5S0,73S, potatoes 850,865, sugar 311,138 pounds; 142 stores, cap. $427,790 ; 25 lumber yards, cap. $12,500 ; 7 fur- naces, 7 forges, 24 fulling m., 9 woollen fac, 5 cotton fac. 5,064 sp., 3S tanneries, 6 distilleries, ] brewery, 3 flouring m., 35 grist m., 13S saw m., 1 oil m., 4 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 1 bindery, 1 periodical, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac $921,633. 1 college, 105 students, 2 acad. 280 students, 191 sch. 8,522 scholars. Pop. 37,477. Herkimer, p-t., capital of Herkimer co., N. Y., 78 VV. N. w. Albany, 397 W. The surface is level, with hills on the \. The soil, on the allu- vial llais of the Mohawk, which Hows on its s. border, is very productive. Watered by West Canada cr. The v. is pleasantly situated on the N. side of the Mohawk r. It contains a brick court house, a stone jail, and fire proof clerk's of- fice, 1 academy, 1 bank, 1 German Reformed and 1 Methodist church, 10 stores, 1 large (lour- ing rn., 1 printing ollice, 120 dwellings, and about 800 inhabitants. There are in liie t. 10 stores, cap. §33,000; 1 fulling lu., 3 tanneries, 1 printing oliice, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 (louring m., 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $41,950. 1 acad. 65 students, 12 sch. 442 scholars. Pop. 2,359. Herma.v, p-v., capital of (iasconade co.. Mo., 77 e. JetTerson city, 899 W. Situated on the 8. bank of the Missouri r. It is a new place, commenced within the year 1841, and bids fair to become a commercial point of importance. Hermit.vge, p-o., Wethersfield t., Wyomin" CO., N. Y., 255 w. Albany, 3G0 W. Hermitaoe, p-o., Mercer co., Pa., 243 Har- risburg, 2S6 W. HER.M1TAGE, p-O., AugUStS CO., Va. HER.MiT.\(iE,p-o., Coles CO.. 111., 77 Springfield, 702 W. ' f b , Hermit.vge, p-o., Floyd co., Ga., 167 .Milledge- ville, 678 W. " Her.mo.n, p-t., Penobscot co.. Me., 7 w. Ban- gor, GO .N. e. Augusta, 655 W. The soil is fer- tile, nroducing good wheat. Watered on the s. w. by Sawodabscook r., and on the n. w. by a branch of Kenduskeag r. Incorporated in 1814. It has 1 pottery, 507 scholars in schools. Pop 1,042. ^ Hermon, p-t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 201 n. V. w. Albany, 470 W. The surface is rolling; soil, clay loam, adapted to grass Watered by small branches of Grass and Oswegatchie rivers. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 2 fulling m., 1 tan- nery, 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac, ft7,4G5. 9 schools, 413 scholars. Population. 1,271. Hern.indo, p-v., capital of De Soto co.. Miss., 202 Jackson, 925 W. Situated 18 ms. e. of the Mississippi r., in a fertile region. It contains a court house, several stores, and 400 inhabitants Herrick, p-t., Bradford co.. Pa. It has 1 store, 1 tannery, 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac $6,950. 6 sch. 172 scholars. Pop. 632. Herrick, t., Susquehanna co.. Pa., 20 s. e Montrose. Elk mountain, a low part of the Alleghany, is in its s. w. part. The surface is hilly ; sod, gravel and clay. Watered by head branches of Lackawannock r. It has I grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,680. 6 sch. 180 scholars. Pop. 629. Herriottsville, p-o., Alleghany co.. Pa., 211 Harrisburg, 236 W. Hertford, county, N. C. Situated toward the N. E. part of the state, and contains 356 sq. ms. Watered by branches of Chowan r. Capi- tal, W^inton. It has 3 acad. 6S students, 6 sch. 105 scholars. Pop. 7,484. Hertford, p v., capital, Perquiman's co., N. C, 50 s. by w. Norfolk, Va., 194 n. e. by e. Ra- leigh, 2% W. It is pleasantly situated on the s. side of Perquimans r., near its entrance into Perquimans bay, a branch of Albemarle sound. It contains a court house, and several dwellings. Hetricks, p-o., York co.. Pa., 42 s. w. Har- risburg, 78 W. Heuvelton, p-v., Oswegatchie t., St. Law- rence CO., N. Y., 203 N. w. Albany, 472 W. Situ- ated on the Oswegatchie r., 7 ms. from Ogdens- burg, and contains 1 church, 4 stores, I clothier's works, 1 grist m., I saw m., and 1 tannery. HiBERi\i.\, p-o., Clarke co., la., 102 s. Indian- apolis, 5-13 W. HiBERNiA, p-v., Callaway co., Mo., 1 n. Jef- ferson city, 937 W. Situated on the .\. side of the Missouri r., opposite Jefferson city. HicK.MA.v, county, Tenn. Situated centrally, toward the w. part of the state, and contains 750 sq. nis. Watered by Duck r., which flows through the centre, and its various branches. Capital, Centreville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,15 I, sheep 8,015, swine 36,350; wheat 32,036 bush, produced, rye 3,179, Ind. corn 471,100, oats 59,580, potatoes 12,742, tobacco 117,004 pounds, cotton 90,225; 8 stores, cap. $15,000 ; 1 furnace, 2 forges, 2 cotton fac. 143 sp., 5 tanneries, 13 distilleries, 1 pottei-y, 22 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $34,795. 13 sch. 325 scholars. Pop. whiles 7,220, slaves 1,379, free col'd 19 ; total, 8,618. HicKMA.\, county, Ky. Situated in the s. w. part of the stale, and contains 350 sq. ms. Drain- ed by Little Obion r. and its branches, and Bayou Desha cr. Capital, Clinton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,349, sheep 12,861, swine 37,767 ; wheat 76,85 -i bush, produced, rye 4,028, Ind. corn 593,703, oats 161,092, potatoes 15,867, tobacco 1,410,438 pounds, cotton 57,624, sugar 11,929; 3 com. hou.ses, cap. $13,800 ; 18 stores, cap. $105,600; 1 fulling m., 6 woollen fac, 19 cot- ton fac. 431 sp., 25 tanneries, 18 distilleries, 2 pot- teries, 9 flouring m., 41 grist m., 16 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 paper fac, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $116,970. 11 sch. 248 scholars. Fop. whites 7,345, slaves 1,615, free cold 8 ; total, 8,963. Hickory, t., Mercer co., Pa. It has 6 stores, cap. $12,000 ; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 distille- HTC 277 HIG !Z'^^ ^*^' ™-' ^2 ®^w m. Cap. in manulac. $4,000. 12 sch. 476 scholars. Pop. 1,831. Hickory, p-v., Washington co., Pa., 219 w. Harrisburg, 246 W. Hickory, p-v., Carroll co., O., 121 e. n e Columbus, 292 W. Hickory Corners, p-o., Lockport t., Niagara CO., N. Y., 280 w. Albany, 403 W. Hickory Creek, p-o., Warren co., Tenn., 85 s. E. Nashville, 637 W. Hickory Creek, p-o., Audrain co.. Mo., 67 n E. Jefferson city, 902 W. Hickory Flat, p-o., Cherokee co., Ga 117 N. w. Milledffeville, 662 W. Hickory Flat, p-o., Simpson co., Ky., 165 s. w. Frankfort, 688 W. Hickory Flat, p-o., Tippah co., Miss., 191 n. N. E. Jackson, 880 W. Hickory Fork, p-o., Gloucester co., Va 78 E. Richmond, 177 W. Hickory Ground, p-o., Norfolk co., Va , 124 s. E. Richmond, 249 W. Hickory Grove, p-o., Mecklenburg co., N. C, 153 w. s. w. Raleigh, 390 W. Hickory Grove, p-o., York dist., S. C, 91 n Columbia, 44 W. m^-^'S^*"^^ Grove, Crawford co., Ga., 65 s. w. Milledgeville, 722 W. . , w io?''^'^°JJ,^^'\*'^^' ?■<*•' Montgomery CO., Ala., 131 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 862 W. j . i ««.l?'''riV^S'.°rT^' P-°-' ^^"'i CO., 111., 83 s bpnngfield, 767 W. Hickory Grove, p-o., Warren co.. Mo., 81 e K.E.Jefferson city, 857 W. Pop. 828 Hickory Grove, p-o., Oktibbeha co.. Miss., 149 N. E. Jackson, 906 W. Hickory Grove, p-o., McKinn co., Tenn w. CoT56tw.'' P-°- '^''^^°" ''■' ^^^'^•' '' Hickory Grove, p-o., Scott co., Iowa. Hickory Grove, t., Washington co.. Mo. Hickory Hill, p-o., Beaufort dist.,S. C Hickory Hill, p-o.. Cole co., Mo., 20 w Jef- ferson city, 956 W. Hickory Level, p-o., Talladega co., Ala., 133 E. Tuscaloosa, 761 W. => i > ^^'"^^.^.i^^' Level, p-o., Carroll co., Ga., 130 w N. w. Milledgeville, 710 W. Hickory Mountain, p-o., Chatham co., N. C, 56 w. Raleigh, 318 W. Hickory Tavern, p-o., Hartford co., Md., 58 N. Annapolis, 68 W. Hickory Town, p-o., Plymouth t., Montgom- ery CO., Pa., 101 E. Harrisburg, 154 W. It con- tarns 1 store, and 10 dw-ellings. Hickory Valley, p-o., Hamilton co., Tenn., 143 s. E. Nashville, 603 W. HicKSBURG, p-v., Dorchester co., Md .^H'CKSFORD, p-v., capital of Greenville co., Va., 62 s. Richmond, 181 #. Situated on the s. w! side of Mehemn r., a branch of Chowan r It contains a court house, jail, clerk's office, 3 stores 12 or 14 dwellings, and 70 inhabitants. The Petersburg railroad passes near the v and crosses the Meherrin r. on a bridge, 100 'yards long, supported by 200 stone piers. Hicks' Mills, p-o., De Kalb co., 111., 221 n N. E. Springfield, 794 W. ' HiCKSviLLE, v.. Oyster Bay t.. Queens co., i^. y. It IS on the line of the Long Island rail- road, and contains 1 store, and a few dwellings HicKsviLLE, p-v., Williams co., O., 177 n w' Columbus, 529 W. It has 1 store, cap. $26oO- 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $l,10o' 1 sch. 12 scholars. Pop. 67. ' HiCKsyiLLE, p-o., Oakland co., Mich., 29 n w. Detroit, 550 W. i w «. •i^'^-n', ^V*?' C^"o^^ CO., Tenn., 106 w. Nash- ville, /91 W. HiGGANUM, p-v., Haddara t., Middlesex co.. Ct., 21 s. Hartford, 331 W. Situated on Connec- ticut r , where is a convenient landing, and several dwellings. HiGGiNSPORT, p-v., Lewis t.. Brown co., O., 124 s. s. w. Columbus, 483 W. Situated on the ^: ^°J^P^ °' Ohio r., immediately below the mouth of White Oak cr. •if^'^no^'xV^'^' P"'*'-' Twiggs CO., Ga., 50 Milledge- ville, 698 W. ' ' 6 ivT^°?n^'^'^^^' P-"^-' Marbletovm t, Ulster co., N. Y.,69 S.Albany, 318 W. Situated on Ron- dout cr., which here affords by its falls a good water power. Along the creek passes the Dela- ware and Hudson canal. It contains 4 stores, 2 extensive flouring m., 1 hydraulic cement m . and about 40 dwellings. High Falls, p-o., Lumpkin co., Ga., 154 n. n. w. Milledgeville, 634 W. Highgate, p-t., Franklin co., Vt., 71 n w Montpelier, 545 W. Situated on the e. side ° u- u Champlain. Watered by Missisque r., which affords good water power and Rock r 1 he soil IS sandy. Bog iron ore is found. It has 5 stores, cap. ,$8,000 ; 1 woollen fac, 2 grist m , 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. |51,000. 16 sch. 846 scholars. Pop. 2,292. High Grove, p-o.. Nelson co., Ky., 53 s. w. Frankfort, 595 W. High Hill, p-o., Montgomery co., Ala. Highland, county, O. Situated toward the s. E. part of the state, and contains 555 sq. miles It occupies the height of land between Scioto and Miami rivers. Watered by branches of Paint cr.. Brush cr., and of the e. fork of Miami r. Ihe surface is elevated, and finely rolling and the sod is fertile. Capital, Hillsboro' ./"^ro ^^'"'^ '" ^^^'^' "eat cattle 19,605, sheen 40,613, swine 42,546; wheat 373,974 bushels produced, rye 5,008, Ind. corn 824,129, oals 2o2,525, potatoes 30,109, sugar 147,816 pounds- 88 stores, cap. $150,000; 7 fulling m., 28 tan- neries, 1 distillery, 3 potteries, 7 flouring m., 25 grist m., 24 saw m., 3 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $45,337 2 acad. 150 students, 88 sch. 5,102 scholars. Pop. Highland, p-o., Bradford co., Pa., 139 n. Har- risburg, 249 W. Highland, p-o., Chesterfield t., Essex co.. N Y., 151 N. Albany. Highland, p-o., Jackson co., Tenn., 69 e. n. e. Nashville, 63S W. Situated on the w. side of Cumberland r. Highland, p-v., Fairfield t.. Highland co., O., 50 s. w. Columbus. Situated on Lee's cr. It contains 2 churches, 2 stores, 2 tanneries, and 50 dweUings. Highland, t., Muskingum co., O. It contain.s 2 churches, 2 saw m., and 2 flouring m. Highland, p-o., Pike co.. 111., 74 w- Snring- field, 854 W. ^ ^ Highland, p-t., Oakland co., Mich., 45 n. w. De- troit, 569 W. It has 3 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. 566. Highland, p-o., Vermilion co., la., 72 w. In- dianapolis, 644 W. The t. has 1 distillery. Cap. m manufac. $6,075. 4 sch. 120 scholars Pop. 1,653. Highland Mills, p-v., Monroe t, Orange co N. Y., 97 s. s. w. Albany, 281 W. Here are 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 tannery, and about 25 dwellings. Highlands, N. Y. Sometimes^called Mat- teawan mountains, or Fishkill mountains. These , mountains extend in a direction n. e. and s. w., HTL 278 HIL through the counties of Rockland and Orange, crosKing Hudson r. into Westchester, Putnam, and Dutchess, occupying a breadth of from 15 to 20 miles. They are a branch of the Alleghany mountains, and their rocks consist of granite and gneiss. Their altitude is from 1,000 to 1,085 feet above tide water ; and the passage through them, on the Hudson, presents grand and picturesque scenerJ^ High Rock, p-o., Rockingham co., N. C, 103 N. w. Raleigh, 282 W. High Shoals, p-o., Rutherford co., N. C, 214 w. s. w. Raleigh, 451 W. High Shoai.s, p-o., Walton co., Ga., 70 n. w. Milledgcville, 624 W. Situated near a rapid of the same name, in the Appalachee r. High Spire, p-o., Dauphin co.. Pa., 6 Harris- burg, 116 W. High Tower, p-o., Forsyth co., Ga., 119 n. w. Milledgcville, 650 W. HiGHTowERs, p-o., Caswcll CO., N. C, 72 n. vv. Raleigh, 268 W. Hightstow.x, p-v.. East Windsor t., Mercer CO., N. J., 19 E. Trenton, 185 W. It contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Baptist church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 sawm., and 50 or 60 dwellings. The Camden and Amboy railroad passes through it. High Vicco, p-o., Frederick co., Va., 162 n. by w. Richmond, 90 W. Hilabee, p-o., Talladega co., Ala., 140 e. Tus- caloosa, 781 W. HiLLHAM, p-o., Overton co., Tenn., 88 e. Nash- ville, 616 W. Hildreth's, p-o., Knox co., O., 50 n. e. Co- lumbus, 382 W. Hill Gore, t., Washington co.. Me. Pop. 30. Hill, p-t., Grafton co., N. H., 24 n. n. w. Concord. Pemigewasset r. runs on it.s e. border. Watered by Smith's r. Ragged mountain lies on its s. border. The surface is uneven, and the soil generally fertile. Chartered in 1788. The V. is on an extended street, in the s. e. part of the t., and from it a bridge crosse.^; the Pemige- wasset to Sandhornton. It has 3 stores, cap. $400; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,700. 10 sch. 300 scliol- ars. Pop. 999. HiLi.EGAs, p-o., Montgomery co., Pa., 81 e. Harrisburg, 174 W. Hill Grove, p-o., Darke co., O., 100 w. Co- lumbus, 494 W. Hill House, p-o., Leroy t.. Lake co., O., 185 N. E. Columbus, 'Mi W. Hillian's Store, p-o., Marshall co., Ala. HiLLiAR, t., Knox CO., O. Situated in the s. w. pun of the county, and contains the village of Centreburg. It has 8 sch. 250 scholars. Pop. HiLLiARDSTON,p-v., Nash CO., N. C, 59 n. n. K. Raleigh, 239 W. HiLLsiioRouGH, county, N. H. Situated in the s j)art of the state, and contams 1,245 .sq. ms. The surface is uneven, and, to a degree mountainous ; the soil various. Watered by Merrimac, Contoocook, Nashua, Souhegan and Piscataquoag rivers. Capital, Amherst. There were m 1840, neat cattle 3S,381, sheep 53 864 swine 16,188; wheat 39,027 busiiels produced' rj'e 67,886, Indian corn 179,390; buckwheat 10,023, barley 23,687, oats 160,295, potatoes 628,315, sugar 41,198 pounds; 165 stores, can $428,901; 3 lumberyards, can. §18,000; 2 fur- naces, 22 fulling m., 12 woollen fac, 25 cotton fac. 65,100 sp.,42 taniierieR, 1 brewery, 6 powder m., 1 pottery. 1 flouring m., 75 grist m., 137 saw m., 2 paper fiic., 5 printing offices, 2 binderies, 6 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $2,755,438. 7 acad. 761 students, 329 sch. 12,798 scholars Pon. 42,491. IIiLLSDOROUGH, county, Florida. Situated in the w. part of the penuisula. It is bounded w. by the Gulf of Mexico, and includes Tampa bay. Watered by Ilillsboro', Alalia, and Aslerusl rivers. The soil is various. It has some live oak hammock, interspersed with cane, and fall palmettoes. Some of the land is very fertile. Capital, Tampa. Pop. 452. Hillsborough, p-t., Hillsborough co., N. H., 24 s. w. by w. Concord, 464 W. Incorporated in 1772. The surface is uneven, and the soil fer- tile. Watered by Contoocook r., which afTords good water power, and Hillsborough r. The v. is pleasantly situated, containing a number of stores, dwellings, mills, and manufactories. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. S16,0(X); 2 ful- ling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 2,132 sp., 5 tanneries, 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $51,032. 17 schools, 558 scholars. Pop. 1,807. Hillsborough, t., Somerset co., N. J. The surface on the w. is hilly, on the e. level. Soil, on the w., clay loam, on the e., red shale. The s. branch of Raritan r. runs on its n. boundary, and Millstone r. on the e. Watered by Roy's brook, a branch of 3Iillstone r. It has a Dutch Reformed church. It contains 9 stores, cap. $27,600 ; 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 1 pottery, 1 flouring m., 6 grist m., 5 saw ra., 1 oil m. Cap. ui manufac. $22,100. 10 sch. 256 scholars. Pop. 2,863. Hillsborough, p-v., Bethlehem t., Washing- ton CO., Pa., 203 w. Ilarri.sburg, 219 W. It is built on a single street, on the national road, and contains 4 stores, 39 dwellings, and about I'-O inhabitants. It is elevated 1,002 feet above tlie Ohio r., at Wheeling. Hillsborough, p-v., Caroline co., Md., 59 e. Annapolis, 99 W. isituated on Tuckahoe creek, 46 s. E. Baltimore. Hillsborough, p-v., Loudon co., Va., 166 n. Richmond, 47 W. It contains 1 31ethodist church, an academy, 3 stores, 2 flouring m., 30 dwellings, and 175 inhabitants. Hillsborough, p-v., capital of Orange co., N. ('., 40 N. w. Raleigh, 274 W. It is situated on Eno r., a branch of Neuse r. It contains a court house and several dwellings. Hillsborough, p-v., Jasper co., Ga., 28 n. w. Milledgeville, 651 W. It contains an academy, 4 stores, and 10 or 15 dwellings. IIiLL.sBORoiJGH, p-v., Lawrence county, Ala., 127 \. Tuscaloosa, 751 W. HiLi.sEOuouGH, p-v., capital of Scott CO., Mis.s.. 48 E. .lackson, 968 W. Situated on a small branch of Pearl river. It contains a court house. Hillsborough, p-v.. Coffee co., Tenn., 70 s. E. Nashville, 646 W. Hillsborough, p-v., Fleming co., Ky., 91 e. Frankfort, 498 W. It contains 1 Methodist church and 200 inhabitants. Hillsborough, p-t., capital of Highland co., O., 75 s. w. Columbus, 442 W. Situated near the source of Rocky fork of Paint creek. It con- tains an elegant coiu-t house, 2 churches, 2 acade- mies, 8 stores, and about 1,200 inhabitants. Hillsborough, p-v.. Fountain co., la., 61 w. N. w. Indianapolis, 632 W. Hillsborough, p-v., capital of Montgomery CO., 111., 64 s. Springfield, 708 W. It contains a court house, jail, 6 stores, 2 tanneries, 80 dwell- ings, and 400 inhabitants. lliLLSBORo', p-v., capital of Jefferson co.. Mo., 132 E. JeflTersou city, 852 W. Situated on the £ HIN 279 HIN side of Big r., and contains a court house and several dwellings. Hillsborough Bridge, p-v., Hillsboro' co., N. IL, 21 s. w. by w. Concord, 461 VV. Hillsborough Centre, p-v., Hillsboro' co., N. H., 24 s. VV. by w. Concord, 461 W. Hill's Bridge, p-o., Halifax co., N. C, 89 n. E. Raleigh, 235 W. Hill's Corners, p-o., Penobscot co., Me. Hillsdale, county, Mich. Situated in the .s. part of the state, and contains 576 sq.ms. Drain- ed by St. .loseph r. of Lake Michigan, vSt. Joseph of the Maumee r.. Little St. Joseph, Goose, and Tiffin's creeks, Hog r., Sandy r., and Kalamazoo s. branch. Organized in 1S35. The surface is midulating. It is some of the most elevated land in the peninsula. Soil, a rich, black, sandy loam. Iron ore, and sandstone suitable for grindstones, are found. Capital, Jonesville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,926, sheep 1,304, swine 10,630; wheat 80,256 bush, produced, Ind. corn 82,757, buckwheat 1,5'J8, barley 4,837, oats 71,741, pota- toes 75,230, sugar 52,935 pounds ; 12 stores, cap. $61,400; 3 grist m., 16 saw m., 1 printing oflipe, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $48,700. 32 sch. 1,003 scholars. Pop. 7,240. Hillsdale, p-t., Columbia co., N. Y., 45 s. Al- bany, 357 W. The surface is hilly and moun- tainous, containing Taghkannic mountain ; soil, gravelly loam and clay. Drained by Ancram and Copake creeks. The v. contains 2 churches, 3 stores, 1 tannery, and 15 or 20 dwellings. There are in the t., 7 stores, cap. $12,500 ; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,450. 13 sch. 466 scholars. Pop. 2,470. Hillsdale, p-o., Guilford co., N. C, 95 w. n. w. Raleigh, 290 W. Hillsdale, p-v., Fayette t, Hillsdale co., Mich., 98 w. s. w. Detroit, 534 W. Situated on the outlet of St. Joseph or Banbese lake, near the entrance of French cr. It has an extensive water power, and contains 1 saw m. and 1 flour- ing m. Hill's Grove, p-o., Lycoming co.. Pa., 100 n. E. Harrisburg, 211 W. Hill's Grove, p-o., McDonough co., III., 98 N. w. Springfield, 871 W. Hill's Point, p-o., Platte co.. Mo. Hill's Store, p-o., Randolph co., N. C, 84 w. Raleigh, 390 W. HiLLsviEW, p-o, Westmoreland CO., Pa., 154 w. Harrisburg, 180 W. HiLLSviLLE, p-o., Grayson co., Va., 245 w. s. w. Richmond, 320 W. HiLLsviLLE, p-v., 3Iercer CO., Pa., 245 w. n. w. Harrisburg, 233 W. Hill Top, p-o., Wayne county, Pa., 181 n. e. Harrisburg, 278 W. .HiLLTowN, p-t., Bucks CO., Pa., 100 e. Harris- burg, 169 W. Drained by branches of Nishaminy cr. It has 6 stores, cap. $14,300 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $6,000 ; 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $8,289. 3 8ch. 92 scholars. Pop. 1,910. HiLTONS, p-o., Sullivan co., Tenn., 295 e. Nash- ville, 401 W. Hinckley, p-t., Medina co., O., 132 n. n. e. Columbus, 352 W. The surface is elevated and broken, and the soil is fertile, and adapted to graz- ing and to grahi. Watered by a branch of Rocky r., which affords water power. Red sandstone, iron ore, and coal are found. It has 1 Methodist church, 1 store, 1 fulling m., 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,625. 6 sch. 258 scholars. Pop. 1,235. Hinds, county. Miss. Situated in the central part of the state, and contains 875 sq. ms. Drain- ed by small streams entering Pearl r. on the e., and others entering Big Black r. on the w. Sur- fane, level; soil, generally fertile. Capital, Ray- mond. Jackson, the capital of the state, is situ- ated in this county, on the w. side of Pearl river. There were in 1840, neat cattle 17,51)5, sheep 3.439, swine 40,290 ; Ind. corn 650,5'JO bush, pro- duced, oats 2,466, potatoes 72,725, rice 50,000 pounds, cotton 9,91 1,800 ; 26 stores, cap. $151,000; 1 tannery, 54 grist m., 8 saw m., 5 printing offices, 6 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manuiactures, $35,900. 1 college, 45 students, 3 acad. 90 stu- dents, 13 sch. 391 scholars. Pop. whites 6,773, slaves 12,275, free col'd 43; total, 19,098. HiNDSBORG, p-o., Murray t., Orleans co., N. Y.. 245 w. N. w. Albany, 3.)4. W. Hindsville, p-o., Jefferson co., la., 82 s. In- dianapolis, 583 W. Hiner's Run, p-o., Lycoming co., Pa., 130 n. Harrisburg, 222 W. HiNEscuRG, p-t., Chittenden co., Vt., 42 w. Montpelier, 506 W. Chartered in 1762. Water- ed by Platte r. and Lewis cr. The surface is un- even, and the soil fertile, well adapted to graz- ing. It has 1 Congregational and 1 Baptist church. The V. is pleasantly situated on Platte r., on one street, and contains a handsome church, 2 stores, and 1 woollen fac. There are in the t., 7 stores, cap. $25,500 ; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 tan- neries, 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $35,170. 1 acad. 102 students, 16 sch. 495 scholars. Pop. 1,682. HiNESViLLE, p-v., capital of Liberty co., Ga., 196 s. E. Milledgeville, 700 W. It is situated on the pine lands, 14 ms. n. e. Riceboro'. It con- tains 3 or 4 dwellings. HiNGHAM, p-t., Plymouth co., Mass., 15 s. E. Boston, 455 W. Incorporated in 1635. Situated on the s. side of Boston bay. The surface is broken, and the soil, in many parts, fertile. It contains several churches, 1 of which was erect- ed in 1680, and is still a substantial building, a bank, an insurance office, a savings bank, and 2 academies. It has about 80 vessels employed in the fisheries and the coasting trade. Several packets communicate regularly with Boston, and a steamboat daily, in the summer season. It has 32 stores, cap. $46,600 ; 2 lumber yards, capital $6,000 ; 1 furnace, 3 tanneries, 1 printing office, 1 w-eekly newspaper, 2 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $105,800 ; 1 acad. 88 stu- dents, 12 sch. 85J scholars. Pop. 3,564. Hi.vKLETOWN, p-v., Lancaster co.. Pa., 42 e. s. e. Harrisburg, 130 W. Situated on the n. side of Conestoga creek, and contains 10 or 12 dwell- ings. Hinsdale, p-t., Cheshire co., N. H., 71 s. w. by w. Concord, 419 W. Connecticut r. bounds it on the w. Watered by Ashuelot r. and its branches, and small streams wliich enter Con- necticut r. A mountain range, 8 or 900 feel high, crosses the t. from e. to w. Much of the soil is fertile and well cultivated. Iron ore is found. Incorporated in 1753. It has 2 stores, capital $5,500 ; 1 furnace, 1 forge, 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufactures, $28,200. 8 sch. 307 scholars. Pop. 1,141. Hinsdale, p-t., Berkshire co., Mass., 121 w. Boston, 385 W. The surface is elevated, and the soil adapted to grazing. A large amount of wool is produced, and it has considerable manufactures. The V. contains 3 cliurches — 1 Congregational, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist. There are in the t., 2 woollen fac., 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 5 saw mills. C^ap. in manufac. $89,200. 6 sch. 227 scholars. Pop. 955. Hinsdale, p-t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 287 w. HOC 280 HOL 8. w. Albany, 313 W. Situated on the Genesee Vallpy canal, and 0}i tlic line of the New York and Isrie railroad. Tho v. contains 2 churches, an academy, G s-tores, 1 grist m., 2 saw ni., and 1 tannery. The stale is here constructing a large basin, and the place is well situated for trade. There are in the t., fi stores, cap. $25,500 ; 2 tan- neries, 1 distillery, 2 gri.st m., 15 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,550, 16 sch. 563 scholars. Pop. I,'.t37. [Iinton's Grove, p-o., Greene cc, Ala, II I RAM, p-t., Oxford CO., Me., 79 w, s. w, Au- gusta, 5.55 VV. Situated on both sides of Saco r. Incorporated in 1807, The soil is fertile and adapted to grain and to grazing. It has 3 stores, cap. Sl,400; 1 fulling m., 2 grist rn., 1 saw mill. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 15 sch. 535 scholars. Pop. 1,233. lIiR.\M, p-t., Portage cc, O., 154 n. e. Colum- bus, 323 W. The soil is fertile and well culti- vated. It has 7 sch. 330 scholars. Pop. 1,080. HiRAMSRURG, p-o., Morgan co., O., 99 e. s. e. Columbus, 303 W. IIiTCHCOCKviLLE, p-v., Barkhamstead t., Litchfield co., Ct., 26 n. w. Hartford, 350 W. Sit- tmted on the w. branch of Farmiiigton r., which affords good water power, near llie n. w. corner of the t., and contains 1 Episcopal church, 2 stores, and about 25 dwellings, HiTEsviLLE, p-v., Coles CO., Ill,, 108 E. s, E, Springfield, 631 W. HiwAssEE, p-o., 3Iacon co., N, C, HiWASsKE, r., Ga., rises in Union Co., and flows into Tennessee, and enters the Tennessee r, 12 ms. s. w. of Washington. Hi.x's Ferry, p-o., Randolph co., Ark., 170 n, E. Little Kock, 967 W. Situated at the crossing of Current r, HoADLi.M, t.. Van Wert co , O. Pop. 40, Hoag's Cor.ners, po., Nassau t., Rensselaer CO., N. Y., 22 E. Albany, 373 W. lioBART, p-v., Stamford t., Delaware co., N. Y., 65 w. s. VV, Albany, 353 W, Situated on the head waters of Delaware r., and contains 1 Epis- copal church, 6 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 fur- nace, 1 clothier's works, 50 dwellings and 300 inhabitants. HouiuF.vir.i,E, p-o., Alleghany co,, N, Y., 267 w, by s. Ali)any, 330 W. IIoBBiEviLLK, p-o., Greene co., la., 88 s. w. Indianapolis, 6'Si W. lioBOKEN, p-v., Bergen t., Hudson co., N. J., 00 N. E. Trenton, 220 W. Situated on the w. bank of Hudson r., opposite to New York, with which it is connected by 3 steam ferries. It con- tains an Episcopal chur f n'"^'''"'^- , ^' ''•■^^ 10 stores,' capital $10,550 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries 9 distilleries, 10 grist m., 8 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap J"gJJV^»"fe«- $25,^^y. 11 sch. 330 scholars. PoJ." Hopewell, p-t., Washington co.. Pa., 12 n w Washington b. The surface is hilly ; soil loam' Drained by Buffalo and Cress creeks^ knd BrS l"u ' ^;; ^ f V ""• i'^^P- '*" manufac. $3"88a sch. 330 scholars. Pop. 1 596 Hopewell p-t., Bedford co., Pa., 15 n e Bedford b., 104 w. Harrisbiirg, 130 W The sur tace IS mountainous ; i=oil, in the valleys, ca'lca- JurJ°'™-H^''=^'"^'^ ""^ ^^y^'°-» bmndi of WH k"^'^' iributaries. Bituminous coal is found m abundance. It has I store, cap. .f 2,000 • 1 furnace, 1 tannery, I flouring m., 2 saw ml Pop." l^ir" *''^^°- ^ '''^- ^0 scholars. Hopewell, t., Cumberland co.. Pa., 21 w £o^!;,.i'l„^"±^L- Wily; -ii. siate. it HoPKiNsviLLE, p-t., Hamilton t., Warren co., U., 96 w .s. w. C olumbus, 469 W. It contains 1 church, 3 stores, and about 150 iniiabitants U', om''''^'"'''^'' P;^> ^''P''*! °f Christian co., hi; V- ;V.^r"l^fr' ^31 W- «'t"ated on the E. side of Little r. It contains a court house, a bank 6 churches-1 Baptist, 1 Episcopal, 1 .Uetlwdist 1 Presbyterian, 1 Cumberland Presby- terian and 1 Reformed, or Campbellite church— 3 academies, 216 students, 13 stores, 1,581 in- habitants. , , lu HopKiNsviLLK, p-v., Chatooga co., Ga., 192 n. w MilledgeviUe, 655 W. Situated on the e. side of Little r. HopKiNsviLLE, v., capital of Adair co., Mo. tsitiiated b ms. e. of the Grand Chariton r HoPKiNTo.v, p-t., Merrimac co., N. H 7 w Concord, 475 W. Watered by Contoocook r." and na branches, Warner andBlackwater rivers, n I l-i*tKiif ri Wirt., ^r *u _ ■^r . . • rr,. , . ■ It has 3 stores, cap. $5,000 'f 3,1067^4 U^nVih ,'^"'''?^.^^^^ .., 3 saw m. Cap. I lliufaa $3 88^11 Sel'ftff" 1^'^^^ ™f„:„;f''}.'' !-'• - »1^« streams is fertile. Tlie principal v., 7 w Con- cord, contains the county jail. In the w. part of tlie t., Contoocook r. affords water power, where IS a V. with several mills. Chartered in 1735 It has 8 stores, cap. $19,000; 1 fulhng m., 1 tan^ 2^>7-5.v1^"f ™'/l ''*^ '"• <^>- in manufac. ,V],JJU. 1 acad. 104 students, 19 sch. 927 scholars. Pop. 2,455. HopKiNTo.v, p-t., Middlesex co., Ma-ss., 29 w sw Boston, 416 W. Watered by branches of Charles and Mill rivers, which afford water .^ .. ...uv - son sintP ,P°^'e'-- incorporated in 1715. The Boston and has 2. stores, cap. $10,000; 3 anneries 3 d st'ille Z^^^^^-l railroad, and the Blackstone canal, nes, 1 flouring m. 2 kw m ""f ?'' t}^3''- '"? V"':"' '^- . ^^ contains a mineral spring of some «2l'95r?°''^'"\'":;,o ^^y ^^''^P- in' manufac. *21^950. 5 sch. 210 scholars. Pop 1036 w."°rifale%Ph'410''^'^"'''"^^ ^'^•' ^- ^•' 1^" lumW™'^. '""''"' '■^^•'^•^•'^^- ^°- Hopewell, p-o Crawford co., Ga., 60 ,s. w Milledgeville, 716 W. Hopewell, p-t., Muskingum co., O., 46 e Columbus, 317 W. 'i^'- -• :- -^- '. .' • ' . , ' • -"V, ,. lo siiuaieu on tilt national road and contains 1 church, 4 stores, and 25 dwellings. There are in the t., 4 churches, 11 sch. 414 scholars. Pop 1 806 Hopewell, t Licking co., O. Si'tuated on I> TlSO ™ ' ^ ^''^ ™'^^' ^- °^ ^^^^oa. Hopewell, t.. Perry co., O. Watered by Jonathan s creek. It has 1 tannery, 1 distillery ft8^16r7^ T^y^C V°',' ■"• Cap in manufac !ti8jlb0. 7 sch. 2o0 scholars. Pop 1 544 the w '^'^J'-'';- c' ^J'"'^^'' "''■' O- Situated on the w. side of Sandusky r. It has 3 saw m Pof.'9T3."'^™ ^^^- ^ '*'=''■ ^^ ^•^h^l'i'-^' Tu'Jc:ioo"a,'87/w' """^"^ ^°-' ^'^•' '' '■ ^■ Hopewell Cotton Works, p-o., Chester CO., Pa., 67 E. s. E. Harrisbui-g, 96 W HopKi.xs, county Ky. Situated 'in the w partof the state, and contams 750 sq ms Green r. runs on its n. e.. Pond r. on its e, and Trade water cr. on its w. border. Watered by Otter Flat, Drake's Crary, Clear, and Deer ^;reek ' Capital, Madiso.iville. There were in 1840 ""T ^""ufJ'u^^ ^I'^^P ^'^^2, swine 32,552 wheat 41 o95 bush, produced, Ind. corn 424,595' oats 58,452, potatoes 10,923, tobacco 1,716 555 pounds cotton 47,536, sijgar 5,019; 7 stor'es, cap *^4,900; 1 woollen fac, 5 tanneries, 2 distilleries 1 flounng m-, 4 gnst m., 4 saw ra. Cap. in man- ufac. $16,880. 89 scholars in schoSl^ Pop. „„i u ■• T 1 i, ■"■m..m opiiiig ui some celebrity It has 7 store.s, cap. $15, 100 f 3 cotton ac. 3,9o2 sp., 1 tannery, 4 grist m., -5 saw m p'^P- m.manulac. $127,400. 11 sch. 500 scholars, rop. 2,24o. HoPKiNTov, p-t., Washington co., R. I In- corporated m 1757. Watered by Wood r., which affords valuable water power, and it has cotton, woollen and iron manufactures. The soil is fer- tile, adapted to grain and to grazing. Pawcatuck Sii-r K»^f B"^;^'?=r»§'=. S:s , , - - -■ — -^M "..m aiiijius iisueries 01 shad and _ ale wives. Hopkinton city is a flour- ishing v. m the s. part of the t., situated on a branch of Charles r. There are in the t 6 stores, cap. $7,600 ; 1 woollen fac, 5 cotton foe 4,J00 sp., 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Can m manulac. $76,750. 11 sch. 517 scholars. Pop l,72t>. '^ Hopkinton, p-t., St. Lawrence co., N Y 215 ;N. N w. Albany, 512 W. The surface on the s. IS hilly and sterde ; on the n. level and fertile. Watered by Racket and St. Regis rivers The V. contains 2 churches, 3 stores, 1 grist m 1 saw m., and 25 or 3J dwellings. There are 'in the t., 4 stores, cap. $12,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tan- $18,9o0. 24 sch. 366 scholars. Pop. 1,147 Hopper's Cave, p-o., Greene co., la., 84 s. w Indianapolis, 647 W. . , •» o. w. Hopper's Mills, p-o., Warren co.. 111. 116 n w. Springfield. 86rt, 63S VV. ' HosK INSVII.LE, p-v., Brookfield t., Morgan co O., 90 E. by s. Columbus, 318 W. Surroiftided by a fertile country, where large quantities of wool are produced. Hotel, po., Bertie co., N. C, 141 e. Nash- ville, 244 W. Hot Springs, county. Ark. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 2,540 sq. ms. Drained by Wachita r. and it branches. Tlie surface is hilly and broken. Capital, Hot Springs. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,193, sheep 415, swine 7,574; wheat 1,076 bushels produced, Ind. com 82,724, oats 5,356, potatoes 4,1'.)5, tobacco .3,103 pounds, cotton 2,682; 6 stores, cap. $2,950 ; 8 grist m., 3 saw m., 3 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. wliites 1,655, slaves 249, free col'd 3 ; total, l,9a7. Hot Springs, p-v., Bath co., Va., 169 w. n. w. Richmond. Here are remarkable springs, with a temperature of from 103 to 106 Fahrenheit, charged with various mineral ingredients, very efficacious in rheumatic and various other com- plaints ; a hotel for the accommodation of visiters, and extensive baths for ladies and gentlemen. Near the hotel are a hot and a cold spring, issu- ing so near each other, that both can be reached at the same time, by the thumb and finger of the same hand. The country around is wild and picturesque. Hot Springs, p-v., capital of Hot Springs co., Ark., 53 w. by s. Little Rock, 1,118 VV. Situ- ated 6 ms. N. of the Wachita river. It contains a court house, 20 dwellings, and about 100 in- habitants. Here are about 50 springs, all hot, breaking out from the w. side of a mountain, and flowing into a small creek, the course of which is from n. to s., and empties into the Wachita r., 6 miles from the springs. The temperature of the springs is not all the same, but varies from 110 to 150 degrees of Fahrenheit. The Chaly- beate Springs are cold, and are much frequent- ed by invalids ; situated 3 miles n. e. of the Hot Springs. There are also Sulphur Springs in the co., 30 ms. n. w. from Hot Springs. HoiJGHTONSViLr.E, po., Windham co., Vt., 109 s. Montpelier, 457 W. HouLTON, p-t., capital of Aroostook co., Me., 120 N. N. E. Bangor, 196 n. e. Augusta, 791 W. It borders New Brunswick on the e. Stages run on a excellent road, 3 times a week, to Ban- gor. Watered by Meduxnekeag r., a branch of the St. Johns r. The soil is iertile, adapted to wheat. A garrison is located 1 m. n. of the v. There are in the t., 9 stores, cap. .'$9,950 ; 2 lum- ber yards, cap. $20,000 ; 2 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Capital in manufac. $7,900. 4 sch. 144 scholars. Pop. 1,597. Hou.MA, p-v.. capital of Terre Bonne parish, La., 132 s. w. New Orleans, 1,294 W. Situated on the w. side of Bayou Terrebonne. It con- tains a court house and several dwellings. Houndsfield, t., Jefferson co., N. V., 6 w. Wa- tertown. The surface is level ; soil, sandy loam and clay. Watered by Black r. and Black r. bay on the n., and by Hungry bay of Lake Ontario on the w. It contains the v. of Sackelt's Harbor, a place celebrated as a naval station iu the last war. It has 18 stores, cap. $24,300; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 printuig office, 2 weekly papers, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $39,81)0. 14 sch. 418 scholars. Pop. 4,146. House Creek, p-o., Irwin co., Ga., 104 s. Milledgeville, 751 W. House's Springs, p-o., Jeffierson co.. Mo., 125 e. Jefferson city, 838 W. HousEviLLE, p-o., Turin t., Lewis co., N. Y., 130 N. w. Albany, 429 W. HousTO.N, county, Ga. Situated a little s. w. HOW 285 HUD of the centre of the state, and contains 510 sq miles. Ocmulgee river runs on its e. border, and Flint r. on its w., by branches of which it is wa- tered. Capital, Perry. It lias 446 students in academies. Pop. 1830, 7,369; 1840, wliites 4,861, slaves 4,345, free col'd 5 ; total, 9,711. HousTO.N, t., Clearfield co.. Pa. Pop. 129. Houston, p-o., Alleghany co.. Pa., 211 w. Har- risburg, 237 W. HousTO.v, p-o., Shelby co., O., 82 w. n. w. Columbus, 476 W. Houston, p-v., Wayne co., Tenn., Ill s. w. Nashville, 788 W. Houston, p-o.. Heard co., Ga. Houston, p-o., Marion co., Mo. Houston, p-v., capital of Chickasaw co., Miss., 145 N. E. Jack.son, 910 W. Situated on the head waters of Oktibbeha cr., and contains a court house and a few dwellings. Houston, p-o., Adams co., 111., 100 w. Spring- field, 877 W. Houston's Store, p-o., Rowan co., N. C, 133 w. Raleigh, 370 W. Houston's Store, p-o., Morgan co. Ala., 117 N. N. E. Tuscaloosa, 754 W. HousTONViLLE, p-v., Iredell co., N. C, 154 w. Raleigh, 365 W. Howard, connfy, Mo. Situated a little n. w. of the centre of the state, bounded s. and w. by Missouri river. Watered by Great Manitou and Bonne Femme rivers, and Salt cr., tributaries of the Blissouri. Capital, Fayette. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,947, sheep 11,371, swine 29,502 ; wheat 33,040 bushels produced, Indian corn 561,795, oats 62,870, potatoes 12,354, tobac- co 98,101 pounds; 17 stores, cap. $195,465; 7 tannerie.s, 5 distilleries, 19 flouring m., 20 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $46,280. 1 acad. 22 students, 22 soli. 657 scholars. Pop. whites 9,3S1, slaves 3,683, free col'd 44 ; total, 13,108. Howard's Gore, Oxford co., Me. It has 3 sch. 47 scholars. Pop. 131. Howard, p-t., Steuben co., N. Y., 231 w. Al- bany, 311 W. The surface is undulating; soil, a fertile clay loam. Drained by branches of Canisteo cr. and Conhoctou r. The v. contains 1 Methodist church, a high school, 3 stores, 40 dwellings, and 250 inhabitants. The t. has 3 stores, cap. $10,300 ; 2 fulling m., 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,450. 2S sch. 1,190 scholars. Pop. 3,247. Howard, p-t., Centre co., Pa., 97 n. w. Harris- burg, 189 VV. The surface is mountainous, the mam ridge of the Alleghany passing through it. Drained by Bald Eagle cr. and its tributarie.s, and Marsh and Beach cr. The soil, in the valleys, is a calcareous loam. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,0o0 ; 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,500. 6 sch. 250 scholars. Pop. 1,409. Howard, t., Knox co., O. The soil is fertile. Watered by Vernon and Jelloway rivers. It has 6 sch. 333 scholars. Pop. 999. Howard, t., Cass co., Mich. Watered by Putnam's cr. and another branch of Dowagiake r. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $250. 2 8ch. 60 scholars. Pop. 370. Howard's Point, p-o., Fayette co., 111., 94 s. E. Springfield, 72S W. Howard's Vallev, p-o., Windham co., Ct., 38 E. by N. Hartford, 365 W. HowARDsviLLE, po., Albemarle co., Va., 85 W. N. w. Richmond, 151 W. HowARDSviLLE, p-0., Davies co., Ky. HowELL, t., Monmouth county, N. J. The surface is level ; soil, sand, sandy loam, and clay. Drained by Shark. Manasquan, and Met- tecunk rivers, which flow E. to the Atlantic. It contains 16 stores, cap. $23,600 ; 2 tanneries, 10 grist m., 8 saw m., 4 furnaces. Cap. in manu- fac. $5,000. 15 sch. 475 scholars. Pop. 4,699. Howell, p-o., Logan co., O., 82 n. w. Colum bus, 453 W. Howell, p-v., Howell t., capital of Livings- ton CO., Mich., 51 w. by n. Detroit, 554 W. It contains a court house, jail, an academy, 1 store, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., and 50 or 60 dwellings. There are in the t., 2 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 1 flour- ing m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,000. 3 sch. 78 scholars. Pop. 321. Howell, p-v., Cobb co., Ga., 112 n. w. Mil- ledgeville, 639 W. Howell's Springs, p-o., Hardin co., Ky., 90 s. w. Frankfort, 632 W. Howellsville, p-v., Delaware co., Pa., 90 E. s. E. Harrisburg, 124 W. Howellsville, p-v., Warren co., Va., 146 n. n. w. Richmond, 77 W. Situated on the Shenandoah river, and contans a church, free to all denominations, 1 store, 2 flouring m., 8 or 10 dwellings, and about 50 inhabitants. The river is navigable, for boats, 150 miles above this place. Howell Works, p-o., Monmouth co., N. J., 47 e. s. e. Trenton, 213 W. Situated on Man- asquan r., and contains a store, extensive iron works, and 50 or 60 dwellings. Howland, p-t., Penobscot co., Me., 106 n. n. E. Augusta, 701 W. Watered by Piscataquis r. Incorporated in 1826. The soil is fertile. It has 5 saw m., 5 sch. 151 scholars. Pop. 322. Howlet Hill, p-o., Onondaga t., Onondaga CO., N. Y. HovLEsviLLE, p-o., Lincoln co., N. C, 186 w. by s. Raleigh, 423 W. HoYSBURG, p-o., Alleghany co., Md. HovsviLLE, p-v., Loudon co., Va., 166 n. Richmond, 43 W. Situated near Kittoctan cr., 2 miles s. of the Potomac. It contains several flouring mills. Hubbard, p-t., Trumbull co., O., 183 n. e. Co- lumbus, 296 W. A flourishing t., situated on the Pennsylvania line, 18 s. e. of Warren. It has 8 sch. 400 scholars. Pop. 1,242. Hubbard's, p o., Benton co., Ark., 190 n. w. Little Rock, 1,171 W. Hubuardston, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 54 w. by N. Boston, 412 W. Incorporated in 1767. Watered by branches of Ware r., which afford water power. The v. contains 1 Congregational and 1 Unitarian church, and about 50 dwellings. The town has 4 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 1 tannery. 4 grist m., 17 saw m. Cap. in Tnanufac. $13,375. 12 sch. 575 scholars. Pop. 1,784. Hubbardton, p-l., Rutland co., Vt., 81 s. s. w. Montpelier, 4.%' \V. The surface is uneven and rough, and in some parts mountainous. Watered by Hubbardton r., which flows into Lake Cham- plain. It has 2 fulling m., 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Pop. 719. Huberta, p-o., Washington co., Ala. Hublersburg, p-v.. Walker t., Centre co.. Pa., 88 N. w. Harrisburg, 180 W. A small v. contain- ing 6 or 8 dwellings. Huddleston's Cross Roads, p-o., Wilson co., Tenn., 22 e. Nashville, 659 W. Hudg ion's, p-o., Jefferson co.. Ark., 63 s. e. Little Rock, 1,128 W. Hudson, a river of the state of New York, though less in its length and in the amount of water which it discharges than many others, is one of the most important in the United States. The Hudson, proper, rises by two branches in the mountainous regions of Hamilton and Es- sex counties. The eastern branch from the n HUD 286 HUD passes through Schroon lake, and is sometimes called Schroon branch ; and the western has a rirt'uitous course Iroin the x. w., and is rontider- ed as the main branch, or Hudson. About 40 miles from the source of each, they unite in War- ren CO. After a cunr.-e of U) miles s. the Hull.Mjn receives the Sacandaj^a, on llie line between 3Iontgomery and -Siratoga counties. The Sacan- daga rises in Hamilton co., and first runs s. k., and tiien x. w. and w., to its junction below Jes- sup's falls. The Htulson then runs to the east of s. 15 miles to Hadley falls ; it then turns to the N. E. 20 miles to Glen's falls. Its direction is then nearly s. to its entrance into ISew Vork bay. -10 miles l)elow (ilen's falls it receives from the w. the Mohawk, its greatest tributjiry. From the junction of the Mohawk to its mouth, is about 170 miles. The whole length of the Hudson, from its source to its entrance into New Vork bay, is a little over 300 miles. So straight is this river between Albany and New York, that the distance is less by water than by land. The tide flows to a little above Albany. It is navigable for the largest ships 118 miles, to Hudson, and for sloops and large steamboats 1-13 miles above IVew Vork, to Albany. Small sloops also pro- ceed to Troy, and through the dam and lock to Waterford, about 8 miles farther. Through a considerable part of its course the banks are ele- vated, and in some parts high, rocky, and precip- itous ; particularly in its passage through the Highlands, 53 miles above the city of New York. The scenery on the banks of the Hudson is high- ly picturesque. The city of New York owes much of its prosperity, and its pre-eminent ad- vantages, to this noble river, connected as it is with the Erie and the Champlain canals. By no other route can an equally favorable water com- munication be had with the great West. There are many large and flourishing towns on the Hud- son. The principal on the e. side are Troy, Hud- son, and Pouglikeepsie ; and on the w. side Al- bany, Cattskill, and Newburgh; besides many others on both sides. Its waters were the thea- tre of the first successful attempt to apply sleain to the propelling of vessels by Fulton aiid Liv- ingston in 1808. Hi'usoN, county, N. J. Situated toward the N. ¥.. part of the state, and contains 75 sq. ms. Hudson r. Ixninds it on the e., and the Passaic on the w. Drained by Hackensack river. Capital, North Bergen. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,931, sheep 82^1, swine 1,781 ; wheat 2,360 bush, produced, rye 5,333, Ind. corn 10,873, buckwheat 3,508, oau 'J,141, iwtatoes 14,478; 23 stores, cap. $27,000 ; 1 furnacf!, 1 glass fac, 2 potteries, 1 saw m., 2 prnitiiig olliccs, 1 bindery, 2 weekly news- papers. Cap. in manufac. $411,850. 2'J sch. 1,130 scholars. Pop. 9,483. HuD.so.N, fi-t., Hillsboro' co., N. H., 68 s. by e. Concord, 203 W. Incorporated in 1746. The surface is level and ferule on the streams, but otherwise, hilly and broken. 31errimac r. (lows on its w. border, across which is a bridije to Dun- stable. It has 3 stores, cap. $2,6(M ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $3,625. 10 sch. 341 scholars. Pop. 1,148. HoDso.N, city, port of entry, and capital of Co- lumbia CO., N. v., is situated on the v.. side of Hudson r., at the head of ship navigation, 116 n. New Vork, 29 s. Albany, 333 W., in 42° 14' n. lat., 73° 46' w. Ion. Pop. 1820, 2,900; 1830^ 5,392 ; 1840, 5,672. Its front consists of a bold promontory, rising 60 feet above the level of the river, which has been formed into a plea.'-ant promenade, commanding a fine view of the river and of the surrounding counirj'. On cither side of this promontory is a spacious bay, with a suf- ficient depth of water for the largest vessels. The city is regularly laid out, with streets cross- ing each other at right angles ; with the exception of two streets near the river, which follow the direction of tlie shore. The main street extends s. E. more than a mile to Prospect hill, 2t)0 feet high, to which the ground gradually rises. On the X. side of this street, towartl its upper end, is a pul)lic square. There is another square in the .on, t., Knox co., O. Watered by Waka- tomica cr. It has 6 sch. 2S4 scholars. Pop. 994. Jackson, t., .Morgan co., O. It has 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,000. 7 sch. 200 scholars. Pop. 'j-iO. Jackson, t.. Perry co., O. It has 9 sch. 250 scholars. Pop. 1.7oo. Jackson, t., Pickaway co., O. It has 1 flonr- m^al?"' ^ .^"'*' •" ' ^ '■"*^^' ™- *'np- i» manufac. $2,800. 5 sch. 133 scholars. Pop. 993. Jackson, t.. Pike co., O. It has 4 stores, cap. 96,Wi) ; 1 flouruig m., 1 saw ra. Cap. in manu- fac. $980. Pop. 1,091. Jackson, t. Brown co., la. It has 1 sch. 24 scholars. Pop. J.vcKsoN, t.. Clay co., la. It has 2 distilleries, 3 erist m. Cap. in manufac. $2,125. 2 sch. 82 scholars. Pop 913. Jackso.v, t., Dearborn co., la. It has 3 storesi cap. $3,300 ; 1 woollen fac , 1 tannery, 2 distille- ries, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,6(.)0. 5 sch. 150 scholars. Pop. l,0i>7. Jackson, t., Fayette co., la. It has 1 sch. 27 scholars. Pop. 1,185. Jackson, t.. Fountain co., la. Pop. 960. Jackson, t., Hancock co., la. It has 4 stores, cap. .$4,200. Cap. in manufac. $100. 3 sch. 51 scholars. Pop. 1,142. Jackso.n, t.. Orange co., la. It has 2 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 529. Jackso.n, t., Owen co., la. It has 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 594. Jackson, t., Putnam co., la. It has 1 store, cap. $1,(K)0; 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 923. Jackson, t., Randolph co., la. It has 1 store, cap. Sl,S0O; 1 tannery, 1 grist m. Pop. 591. Jackson, t., Ripley co., la. It has 1 sch. 24 scholars. Pop. 4.936. Jackson, t.. Rush co., la. It has 3 sch. 77 scholars. Pop. 914. Jackson, t., Shelby co., la. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 1 tannerj', 2 distilleries, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $1,(X)0. 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 1,511. Jackson, t., Steuben co., la. It has 3 sch. Ill scholars. Pop. 397. Jackson, t., Tippecanoe co., la. It has 2 sch. 55 scholars. Pop. 451. Jackson, t., Washington co., la. It has 9 stores, cap. .$11,000; 3 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 6 erist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,000. 5 sch. HI scholars. Pop. 2,463. Jackson, t., Wayne co., la. It has 2 acad. 110 students, 3 sch. 367 scholars. Pop. 3,403. Jackso.v, p-t., capital Jackson co., Mich., 79 w. Detroit, 519 W. The v. is situated on the e. bank of Grand r., which affords water power. It contains a court house, jail, the state penitentia- ry, 1 church, 5 stores, a branch of the University, 2 saw m., 1 flouring m., 1 furnace, and a tannery. There are in the t. 23 stores, cap. $90,200 ; 1 dis- tillery, 1 brewery, 3 printing offices, 3 daily news- papers, 1 flourinii m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. s 12,700. 1 acad. 85 students, 9 sch. 338 scholars. Pop. 2,773. Jackson, p o., Louisa co., Va., 41 N. w. Rich- mond, 97 W. Jackson, p-v., Northampton co., N. C, 108 s. E. Raleigh, 211 W. Jackson, p-v., capital of Butts co., Ga., 67 w. Milledgeville, 664 W. Situated a few miles w. of the Oconee r. It has a court house, jail, an academy, 1 Methodist and 1 Presbyterian church, and 9 stores. Jackson, p-v., Clark co., Ala., 159 s. Tuscaloo- sa, 959 W. Jackson, p-v., Elkhart co., la., 146 n. Indian- apolis, 610 W. Jackson, p-v., capital of Hinds co. and of the state of .Mississippi, 1,010 miles s. w. Washing- ton, D. C. It is situated on the w. bank of Pearl r., which is navigable for boats to this place. It is built on a level spot, is half a mile square, reg- ularly laid out, and a quarter of a mile from Pearl r. It contains an elegant state house, which cost $600,'X)i>, a governor's house, a penitentiary, a large and well-finished building, a United States land office, 2 churches — 1 Baptist and 1 Method- ist — a bank. 3 printing offices, issuing newspa- pers, a steam saw mill, 3 schools, 30 stores, and 2,100 inhabitants. A railroad 45 miles long con- nects Jackson with Vicksburg, and is continued east 14 miles to Brandon. Jackson, p-v., East Feliciana par , La., 124 N. JAC 307 JAC W. New Orleans, 1,142 W. Situated on the e. side of Thompson's cr. It contains Louisiana college, founded in 1825, has a president and 9 professors or other instructors, 18 alumni, 100 students, and 1,850 vols, in its libraries. The commencement is on the first Wedne.sday in June. It has 3 acad. 223 students, 2 sch. 39 scholars. Pop. 932. Jackson, p-v., capital of Madison cc, Tenn., 134 w. s. w. Nashville, 819 VV. Situated on the N. side of Forked Deer r. It contains a court house, jail, 2 churches, 10 stores, and about 1,200 inhabitants. Jackso.v, p-v., capital of Cape Girardeau co.. Mo., 196 s. E. Jefferson City, 866 W. Situated on a branch of Whitewater r., 10 ras. w. of the Mississippi r. It contains a court house, jail, a U. S. land office, several stores, and about 800 inhabitants. Jackson, t., Johnson co., Mo. It has 3 sch. 105 scholars. Pop. 1,566. Jackson, t., Livingston co., Mo. Pop. 593. Jackson, t., Macon co., Mo. It has 1 sch. 23 scholars. JPop. 373. Jackson, t., Monroe co.. Mo. It has 3 acad. 125 students, 5 sch. 132 scholars. Pop. 2,905. Jackson, t., Polk co.. Mo. Pop. 1,035. Jackson, t., St. Genevieve co., Mo. It has 2 sch. 42 scholars. Pop. 302. Jackson, t., Taney co.. Mo. Pop. 687. Jack.son, t., Clarke co., Mo. It has 1 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 659. Jackson, p-v., Lawrence co., Ark., 140 n. e. Little Rock, 997 W. Situated 3 ms. n. of Spring r. It contains about 150 inhabitants. Jackson, t., Carroll co., Ark. It has 1 distille- ry, 1 grist m., 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 231. Jackson, t., Sevier co.. Ark. It has 1 store, cap. $4,100; 1 distillery, 2 grist ra., 1 sch. 35 scholars. Pop. 333. Jackson, t., Monroe co., Ark. It has 1 sch. 16 scholars. Pop. 167. Jackson, t.. Union co., Ark. Pop. 520. Jacksonborough, p-v., Maryland t., Otsego CO., N. Y., 62 w. Albany, 366 \V. It contains 2 churches, 4 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 2 cloth- iers' works, 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 gun fac, 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Jacksonborough, p-v., Wayne t., Butler co., C, 91 w. s. w. Columbus, 434 W. Jacksonborough, p-v., capital of Scriven co., Ga., 116 E. s. E. Milledgeville, 637 W. Situated on the w. side of Brier cr. It has a eom't house, jail, Methodist church, and about 15 dwellings. Jackson Brook, p o., Wasliington co., 5le., 241 E. N. E. Augusta, 829 W. Jacksonburg, p-o., Herkimer co., N. Y., 73 n. w. Albany, 390 W. Jacksonburg, p-v., Wayne co., la., 57 e. In- dianapolis, 516 W. Pop. about 100. Jackson Corners, p-o., Jlilan t., Dutchess CO., N. Y., 49 s. Albany, 327 W. Jackson, C. H., P-v., capital of Jaskson co., Va., 336 w. N. w. Richmond, 335 W. It con- tains a court house, a store, and a few dwellings. Jackson, C. H., p-v., capital of Jackson co.. Miss., 235 s. E. from the capital of the slate, and 1,053 W. It contains a court house, I store, and a few dwellings. Jackson's Cross Roads, p-o., Erie co., Pa., 264 N. w. Harrisburg, 337 W. Jackson Grove, p-o., Fulton co., 111., 61 n. w. Sprmgfield, 827 W. Jackson Hall, p-o., Franklin co.. Pa., 51 w. B. w. Harrisburg, 89 W. Jacksonham, p-v., Lancaster dist., S. C, 80 n. N. E. Coliunbia, 427 W. Jackson Hill, p-o., Davidson co., N. C, 132 w. Raleigh, 378 W. Jackson Creek, p-o., Fairfield dist., S. C, 31 n. Columbia, 497 W. Jackson's Ferry, p-o., Wythe co., Va., 244 w by s. Richmond, 312 W. Jackson's Mills, p-o., Monmouth co., N. J., 31 E. Trenton. 497 W. Jackson's Prairie, p-o., Steuben co., la., 182 N. N. E. Indianapolis, 557 W. Jackson, r., Va., rises in Warm Spring moun- tains, and flowing s. w., is joined by Cowpasture r., which together form James r. Falling Springs, one ol'its head branches, has a perpendicular fall of 200 feet. Jacksontown, p-v.. Licking t.. Licking co., O., 31 N. E. Columbus, 362 W. Situated on the na- tional road, and contains 1 church, 3 stores, 40 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Jacksonville, p-v., Windham co., Vt., 142 s. Montpelier, 423 W. Jacksonville, p-v., IHysses t., Tompkins co., N. Y., 170 w. by s. Albany, 303 W. It contains 1 Methodist church, 1 store, 25 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. Jacksonville, p-o., Burlington co., N. J., 15 s. Trenton, 160 W. Jacksonville, p-v., Lehigh co., Pa., 89 e. n. E. Harrisburg, 183 W. Jacksonville, p-o., in the village of Eliza- bethtovni, W^ood co., Va., 325 w. n. w. Rich- mond, 304 W. (See Elizabethtown.) Jacksonville, p-v., Sumpter dist., S. C, 91 E. Columbia, 529 W. Jacksonville, p-v., capital of Telfair co., Ga., 115 s. .^lilledgeville, 762 W. Situated on the N. bank of Ocmulgee r. It contains a court house, jail, several stores, and about 30 dwellings. Jacksonville, p-v., Duvall co., Flor., 252 e. Tallahassee, 801 W. Situated on the N. w. side of St. John's r. It contains a court house, jail, a church, an academy, and several dwellings. J.\cksonville, p-v., capital of Benton co., Ala., 139 E. n. e. Tuscaloosa, 717 W. Situated 2 ms. E. Tallasseehatchee cr. It contains a court house, and a few dwellings. Jacksonville, p-v., Wayne t., Darke co., O., 94 w. Columbus, 485 W. Jacksonville, p-v., Switzerland co., la., Ill s. E. Indianapolis, 550 W. Jacksonville, p-v., capital of Morgan co., HI., 33 w. Springfield, 313 W. It is one of the largest inland towns of the stale, situated in the midst of a fine prairie, which is rich, and well culti- vated. It has 24 stores, numerous mechanic shops, 1 steam flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 cotton yarn fac, 1 distillery, 2 oil m., 2 carding ma- chines, and 1 tannery. The public buildings and institutions are a brick court house, jail, 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Methodist, 1 Epis- copal, 1 Congregalionalist — a lyceum, a mechan- ics' association, a male and female academy, and a brick market house. Here is situated Illi- nois college, founded in 1829. It has a presi- dent, 4 professors or instructors, 42 students, and 2,000 vols, in its libraries. The commencement is on the third Wednesday in September. Jacks Reef, p-o., Eibridge t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 150 w. by n. Albany, 354 W. Jacobsburg, p-v., Bushkill t., Northampton co., Pa., 106 E. N. e. Harrisburg, 119 W. It contains 1 store, a furnace, a grist ra., and 6 or 8 dwellings. Jacobsburg, p-v., Smith t., Belmont co., O., 126 E. by N. Columbus, 237 W. It contains 1 church, 2' stores, 35 dwellings, and about 175 in- habitants. Jacob's Creek, p-o., Westmoreland co., Pa., JAM 308 JAM 175 vv. Harrisburg, 201 W. The cr. is a tributary of the \ oughiogheny r., and forms the s. bound- ary of the CO. Jaffrky, p-t., Cheshire co., N. H., 48 s. w. by s. Concord, 449 W. Grand 3Ionadnock lies partly in the .\. w. part of liie t. The surface is uneven; roil, fertile, well adapted to grazing. Drained on the E. by branches of the Contoocook r., which Hows into the Merriniac ; and on the w. by branches of Ashuelot r., which flows into the Connecticut r. It has a mineral spring. Incor- porated in 1773. It has 3 stores, cap. $12,500 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac, 5 grist in., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. S1C,I(K). 1 acad. 40 students, 11 sell. 464 scholars. Pop. 1,411. J.vKF.s Prairie, p-o., Gasconade co., Mo., 61 s. K. JefTerson city, 925 W. Jamaica, p-t., Windham co., Vt., 127 s. Mont- pelier, 449 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, fer- tile. Watered by West r., and its tributary, Bald jMountain brook, which afford water power. The V. contains 2 churches, 1 store, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 2 fulling m., 2 carding machines, and 1 trip-hammer shop, on Bald Mountain brook. Good limestone is found in the t. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,000; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,100. 13 sch. 542 scholars. Pop. 1,586. Jamaica, p-t.. Queens co., N. Y., 12 e. New York, 158 s. Albany, 233 W. The surface is level, except the range of hills on the n., which pass through Long Island. The soil is a produc- tive sandy loam. On the s. are extensive salt meadows. The Union race-course is in the t. The v., situated on the Long Island railroad, was incorporated in 1814, and contains the county clerk's and surrogate's offices, 5 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Dutch Reformed, ] Methodist, and 1 African — Union Hall academy, a female seminary, 12 stores, 1 whid m., 1 piano forte fac, 3 carriage fac, 1 lock fac, and 2 print- ing offices, and an extensive establishment for the purposes of the railroad. There are in the t. 9 stores, cap. $39,250 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. .$4,000 ; 1 woollen fac, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly news- papers, 5 grist m., 1 saw m. C'ap. in manufac $18,350. 1 acad. 60 students, 7 sch. 394 scholars. Pop. 3,781. Jamaica, p-o., Middlesex co., Va., 74 e. Rich- mond, 136 W. Jamaica Plains, p-v., Roxbury t., Norfolk co., Mass., 6 s. w. Boston, 438 W. It is situated in the vv. part of the t., and contains a Unitarian churc'h and many elegant country seats. From a pond here, the Boston aijueduct is supplied. The whole aggregate length of the pipes is 40 miles. James, r.,Va., is formed by the union of Jackson's arid Cowpasture river.s, in the Alleghany moun- tains. At the point where it begins to break through the Blue Ridge, it is joined by North r. It IS afterwards joined by the Rivanna, from the N., and at City Point by the Appomattox, from the s.. Its largest branch, wliicli is 120 ms. long, and navigable through a great part of its course. James r. is over 500 ms. long, and enters Hamp- ton Road near the mouth of Chesapeake bay. The principal places on this r. are Lynchburg, on the s. side, and Richmond, on tiie n. side. A 40 gun ship may go up to Jamestown, and by lightening, to Harri.son s bar, where tliere is 15 feet of water. Vessels of 2.')0 tons go up to War- wick, and those of 120 tons to Rockets, just be- low Richmond, 1 10 miles from its mouth. The falls at Richmond have tieen obviated by a canal ; and above that, the r. is navigable for batteaux 220 miles. This r. forms the outlet of a coun- try abounding in tobacco, wheat, com, heinp, coal, &c. Ja.mes, r.. Mo., runs s. s. w. through Greene and Taney counties, and enters White r. James, t., Taney co., 3Io. Pop. 164. Ja.mes' Bayou, t., Scott co., Mo. It has 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 648. James' Bayou, p-o., New Madrid co., Mo., 284 s. E. Jefferson city, 924 W. James City, county, Va. Situated toward the E. part of the state, and contains 150 .square ms. James r. runs on its s. border, and York r. on its s. E., and Chickahominy r. on its w. border. The surface is undulating. Capital Williams- burg. There were in 1810, neat cattle 2,713, sheep 914, swine 4,712; wheat 17,241 bush, pro- duced, Indian corn 86,500, oats 34,765, potatoes 2,904, tobacco 8,000 pounds, cotton 6,307 pounds ; 5 stores, cap. §21,500 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $6,500. 1 college 140 students, 1 acad. 36 students, 4 sch. 93 scholars. Pop. whites 1,325, slaves 1,947, free col'd 507; total, 3,779. James' Creek, p-o., Huntingdon co., Pa., 106 w. Harrisburg, 152 W. James' Cross Roads, p-o., Iredell co., N. C, 162 w. Raleigh, 400 W. James' Mills, p-o., Monroe cc, El., 122 s. by w. Springfield, 835 W. James' River, p-o., Bottetourt co., Va., 181 w. Richmond, 228 W. Jamestow.\, t., Newport co., R. I., 3 w. New- port. It comprises Canonicut, a beautiful island in Narra^ansett bay, 8 miles long, and 1 wide. The soil is a rich loam, adapted to grazing. The inhabitants are chiefly employed in agriculture. Two ferries connect it, one with Newport, and the other with South Kingston. Incorporated in 1743. There are in the t. 1 store, cap. $1,200 ; 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $1,300. 1 sch. 52 scholars. Pop. 365. Jamestow.n, p-v., EUicott t., Chautauqne co., N. Y., 331 w. by s. Albany, 318 W. Situated on the N. side of the outlet of Chautauque lake, which affords good water power. Incorporated in 1826. It contains 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Congregationalist, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — a bank, an academy, 15 stores, 1 woollen fac, 1 flouring m., 3 saw m., 1 sash and lath fac, 1 pail fac, 1 chair fac, 1 cabinet fac, 1 leather fac, 1 iron foundry and plough fac, and 1 carding and cloth dressing works. A steamboat plies daily through Chautauque lake from this place to May- ville, 21 ms. Jamestown, p-v., Mercer co.. Pa., 251 w. n. w. Harrisburg, 298 W. Jamestown, p-v., Piince Edward co., Va., 69 vv. s. w. Richmond, 167 W. Situated on Appo- mattox r. It contains 1 church, free to all denomi- nations, 2 stores, and several dwellings. Jamestown, James City co., Va., 8 s. vv. Wil- liamsburg, 65 e. s. e. Richmond. This was the first Engli.-h settlement made in the United States, having been founded in 1608. It was .situated near the n. side of James r., on a point of land projecting into James r., 32 ms. above its mouth. It is now in ruins, containing 2 or 3 old houses, the ruins of an old church steeple and grave yard, and of ancient fortifications. Jamestown, p-v., Guilford co., N. C, 93 w. by N. Raleigh, 314 W. Situated on the vv. side of Deep r. Jamestown, p-v., Sumter co., Ala., 57 s. w. Tuscaloosa, 875 W. Situated on the vv. side of Tombigbee r. Jamestown, p-v., capital of Fentress co., Tonn., 124 e. by n. Nashville, 530 W. Situated on the side of Cumberland mountain, between JAS 309 JAY the waters of s. fork of Cumberland and Obid's rivers. It contains a court house and several dwellings. Jamestown, p-v., capital of Russell co., Ky., 99 s. Frankfort, 613 W. Situated 4 ms. N. of the Cumberland r. It has a brick court house, and 180 inhabitants. Jamestown, p-v.. Silver Creek t., Greene co., O., 64 w. s. w. Columbus, 449 W. It contains 3 brick churches, a steam gri.st and saw m., a card- ing machine, moved by horse power, a saw m., by water power, 40 dweUings, and about 250 in- habitants. Jamestown, p-v., Boone co., la., 23 n. w. In- dianapolis, 599 W. It contains 1 store, and about 150 inhabitants. Jamestown, p-v., Sangamon co., HI., 15 Spring- field, 765 W. Jamestown, p-v., Grant co.. Wis., 108 w. Mad- ison, 898 W. Jamestown, p-v., Andrew co., Mo. Situated 4 ms. N. of Missouri r. It has about 50 inhabit- ants. Jamksville, p-v., De Witt t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 127 w. by n. Albany, 348 W. It contains 4 churches, 3 stores, 2 flouring m., 1 saw m., 2 plaster ra., 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 50 dwellings, and 300 inhabitants. Jamesville, p-v., Southampton co., Va. Jamesville, p-v., Cherokee co., N. C, 351 w. by s. Raleigh, 581 W. Situated on the s. side of Valley r. Janksville, p-v.. Rock co., Wis., 41 e. s. e. Madison, 806 W. Jarrett's, p-o., Sussex co., Va., 52 s. by E. Richmond, 171 W. Jarrett's Ford, p-o., Kanawha co., Va., 323 w. N. w. Richmond, 348 W. Jarrettsville, p-o., Harford co., Md., 63 n. Annapolis, 73 W. Jarvis Gore, t., Penobscot co.. Me. It has 1 saw mill. Cap. in manufac. $500. 90 scholars in schools. Pop. 185. Jasper, county, Ga. Situated near the centre of the state, and contains 480 sq. miles. Watered by branches of Oconee r. Capital, Monticello. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,986, sheep 3,173, swine 18,283; wheat 35,436 bushels pro- duced, Ind. corn 443,903, oats 20,362, potatoes 5,270, cotton 5,058,680 pounds; 13 stores, cap. $39,660 ; 2 tanneries, 12 distilleries, 19 brewer- ies, 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,528. 5 acad. 257 students. 8 sch. 238 scholars. Pop. whites 4,921, slaves 6,155, freecol'd35; total, 11,111. Jasper, county. Miss. Situated s. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 650 square ms. Watered by branches of Leaf r. Capital, Pauld- ing. There were in 1840, neat cattle 16,824, sheep 1,848, swine 14,029 ; wheat 2,550 bushels produced, Ind. corn 160,245, oats 1,514, potatoes 23,377, rice 5,612 pounds, cotton 1,180,185; 7 stores, cap. $50,500 ; 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 4 flouring m., 4 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $15,200. 1 acad. 4 students, 3 sch. 83 scholars. Pop. whites 2,701, slaves 255, free colored 2; total, 3,958. Jasper, county, la. Situated toward the n. w. part of the state, and contains 980 sq. miles. It consists mostly of prauie, interspersed with some timber. Watered by the Iroquois r., which is navigable in high water, and by Pine and Sugar crs. Capital, Rensselaer. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,711, sheep 1,541, svvine 4,247 ; wheat 5,078 bush, produced, Ind. corn 47,070, oats 9,505, potatoes 3,278, tobacco 210 potmds, sugar 1,440 ; 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 1 saw m., 2 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $2,301. Pop. 1,267. Jasper, county, 111. Situated near the e. part of the state, and contains 475 sq. miles. The sur- face is level, two thirds prairie, and rather wet. Watered by Embarrass river. Capital, Newton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,549, sheep 693, swine 4,350; wheat 2,620 bush, produced, Ind. corn 39,487, oats 3,490, potatoes 3,079, tobacco 1,700 pounds, sugar 5,470 ; 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,854. Pop. 1,472. Jasper, county, Mo. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 980 sq. ms. Drained by a branch of Neosho r. Surface undulating ; soil fertile. Capital, Jasper. Jasper, p-t., Steuben co., N. Y., 18 s. w. Bath, 239 w. by s. Albany, 289 W. The surface is un- dulating ; soil, clay and gravelly loam, adapted to grazing. Drained by Bennett's and "Tuscarora crs. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 1 grist m., 15 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $2,320. 12 sch. 369 scholars. Pop. 1,187. Jasper, p-v., capital of Walker co., Ala. (See Walker C. H.) Jasper, p-v., Sunfish t.. Pike co., O., 66 s. Co- lumbus, 401 W. Situated on the Ohio canal, 3 ms. w. Piketon. Jasper, p-v., capital of Marion co., Tenn., 114 s. E. Nashville, 634 W. Situated on the w. side of Sequatchy r., and contains a court house and several dwellings. Jasper, p-v., capital of Hamilton co., Flor., 90 E. Tallahassee. Situated 8 ms. n. of Suwannee r. It contains a court house and a few dwellings. Jasper, t., Polk co.. Mo. Pop. 556. Jasper, p-v., capital of Dubois co., la., 124 s. s. w. Indianapolis, 655 W. Situated on the n. w. side of the Patoka cr. It contains a court house, 3 stores, and about 75 inhabitants. Jasper, pv., capital of Jasper co.. Mo., 163 s. w. JefTerson city, 1,109 W. Situated on a branch of Neosho r. Jasper, t., Ralls co., Mo. It has 3 schools, 81 scholars. Pop. 530. Jasper, t., Newton co.. Mo. Pop. 185. Java, p-t., Wyoming co., N. Y., 267 w. Albany, 352 W. The surface is rolling ; soil, clay loam, adapted to grazing. Watered by Seneca cr. and head waters of Cattaraugus cr. The v. is situated on Seneca cr., and contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 clothier's works, and 20 dwellings. The t. contains 3 stores, cap. $8,000; 2 fulHng m., 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $10,400. 23 sch. 823 scholars. Pop. 2,331. Java Village, p-o., Java t., Wyoming co., N. Y., 271 w. Albany, 356 W. Jay, county, la. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 370 sq. ms. The soil is gene- rally fertile. Watered by Salamanie r. Capital, Portland. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,938, sheep 646, swine 7,421 ; wheat 9,703 bush, pro- duced, Ind. com 62,842, oats 5,773, potatoes 9,135, sugar 16,018 pounds; 8 stores, cap. $11,500; 4 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,100. 1 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 3,863. Jay, p-t., Franklin co., Me., 29 w. n. w. Augus- ta, 607 VV. Situated on Androscoggin r., which bounds it on the s. The soil is fertile, and well cultivated. Incorporated in 1795. It has 3 stores, cap. $1,500 ; 2 saw ra., 18 sch. 760 scholars. Pop. 1,750. Jat, p-t., Orleans co., Vt., 58 n. Montpelier, 574 W. Situated on the Canada line. It is raoun- tainous in the s. w. part, and contains considera- ble good land. Watered by branches of Missis- que r. It has 2 saw m., 3 sch. 122 scholars. Pop. 308. JEF 310 JEF V, p-t., Essex CO., N. v., 18 n. Elizabeth, 148 bany, 523 VV. The surface is mountainous. Jav N. Albany Watered by a branch of Au Sable r., along which are fertile flats. The v. is situated on the k. branch of Au Sable r., and contains 1 3Iethodist and I Baptist church, 3 stores, 1 grist ni., 1 saw m., 1 forge, 1 clothier's works, .50 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants. The t. has 5 stores, cap. $26,000 ; 2 fulling m., 5 forge.s, 2 saw m. tap. in manufac. $1,050. 13 sch. 582 scholars. Pop. 2,258. J.w C. H., p-v., capital of Jay co., la., 100 n. e. Indianapolis, 523 W. Situated on the N. side of Salamanie r. It has a court house, and a few dwellings. Jay.vesville, p-o., Covington co., Miss., 69 s. E. Jackson, 1,03S W. Situated on the w. side of a small branch of Leaf r. Jeanerett.s, p-o., St. Mary's par., La., 162 w. by s. New Orleans, 1,297 VV. Jefferson, county, N. Y. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 1,125 square miles. Bounded w. by Lake Ontario and St. Lawrence r. The surface is level, or gently uneven ; soil, a rich sandy loam. Watered by Black r. through the centre, Indian, Chaumout, and Perch rs. on the N., and Stony and Sandy crs. in the s. w. Capital, Watertown. There were in 1840, neat cattle 78,694, sheep 165,3'JO, swine 60,518 ; wheat 406,721 bush, produced, rye 18,396, Indian corn 445,973, buckwheat 36,641, barley 74,540, oats 447,936, potatoes 1,345,818, hops 2,9U5 pounds, sugar 512,254 ; 2 commission houses, cap. $5,000 ; 166 stores, cap. $549,400 ; 18 lumber yards, cap. $189,250; 6 furnaces, 1 forge, 1 smelting house produced 300,000 pounds of lead, 22 fulling m., 11 woollen lac, 1 cotton fac. 1,000 sp., 31 tanne- ries, 9 distilleries, 8 breweries, 1 rope fac, 8 flour- ing m., 31 grist m., 109 saw m., 4 oil m., 1 paper factory, 4 printing offices, 5 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $721,249. 1 college 200 stu- dents, 2 acad. 125 students, 292 sch. 11,548 schol- ars. Pop. 60,984. Jefferson, county, Pa. Situated toward the N. w. part of the state, and contains 1,200 sq. ms. The surface is hilly, and the soil, in the valleys, generally fertile. Watered by Mahoning cr., and Little and Big Sandy Lick crs., and Clarion and Toby's rivers. Iron ore and coal are abundant. Capital, Brookville. There were in 1810, neat cattle 5,773, .sheep 7,342, swine 8,898; wheat 43,598 bush, produced, rye 24,467, Indian corn 23,369, buckwheat 14,501, oats 77,077, potatoes 61,110, sugar 27,067 pounds; 19 stores, capital §49,080 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 6 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 14 grist m., 68 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $141,840. 1 acad. 25 students, 8 sch. 236 schol- ars. Pop. 7,253. Jefferson, county, Va. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 225 sq. ms. Bound- ed N. E. by Potomac r. The surface is hilly and broken ; soil, various. Watered by Shenandoah r. and Opequan cr. Capital, Charleston. There were m 1810, neat cattle 11,915, sheep 67,289, swine 72,467 ; wheat 516,969 bush, produced, rye 41,975, Indian corn 9H8,5.')2, barley 4,230, oats 71,999, potatoes 151,443 ; 57 stores, cap. $320,000 ; 2 furnaces, 3 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 6 tanne- ries, 4 distilleries, 1 brewery, 2 potteries, 18 flour- ing m., 17 grist m., 40 saw ni., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers, Cup. in manulaclures, $344,300. 8 acad. 2t)2 students, 19 sch. 475 schol- ars. Pop. whites 9,323, slaves 4,157, free colored 602 ; total, 14,082. Jefferson, county, Ga. Situated toward the E. part of the state, and contains 660 sq. miles. Ogeechee r. runs through its s. w. part, and Brier cr. runs on its N. e. border. Watered by Keedy and Mill crs., and branches of Ogeechee river. Capital, Louisville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,023, sheep 3,369, swine 16,537 ; wheat 10,301 bush, produced, rye 1,198, Indian corn 273, 116, oats 4,391, potatoes 8,770, cotton 6,448,120 pomids; 13 stores, cap. $39,660; 9 grist m., 9 saw m. 1 sch. 12 scholars. Pop. whites 2,878, slaves 4,342, free col'd 35 ; total, 7,254. Jefferson, county, Flor. Situated in the cen- tral part of the ter., extending from Georgia to the Gull of Mexico. It contains 702 sq. ms. Micka- suky lake lies on its w. part. The outlet of the lake and several other streams unite, and 2 miles s. E. of the lake, where they constitute a consider- able mill stream, they suddenly .sink into the earth and disappear. The soil, in many parts, is fertile. Oscilla r. runs on its e. boundary. Capital, Mon- ticello. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,1)2, sheep 752, swine 9,630 ; Ind. corn 125,540 bush, produced, oats 2,015, potatoes 25,904, rice 7,300 pounds, tobacco 5,500, cotton 1,855,715, sugar 46,850; 9 stores, cap. $41,000; 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,000. 1 acad. 90 students, 5 sch. 94 scholars. Pop. whites 2,162, slaves 3,549, free col'd 2; total, 5,713. Jefferson, county, Ala. Situated a little N. of the centre of the state, and contains 1,040 sq. ms. Watered by Locust Fork of Tuscaloosa or Black Warrior r. and its branches. Capital, Ely- ton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,032, sheep 2,331, swine 22, 163; wheat 31,157 bush, produced, Ind. com 353,721, oats 22,790, potatoes 9,314, to- bacco 4,003 pounds, cotton 790,867 ; 5 stores, cap. $13,000; 4 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 25 grist m., 11 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $2,950. 33 sch. 464 scholars. Pop. whites 5,4o6, slaves 4,636, free col'd 9 ; total, 7,i31. Jefferson, county, Miss. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 630 sq. miles. Mississippi r. runs on its w. border. Drained by Fairchild's and Coles' crs. and branches, Bayou Pierre and Homochitto rs. Toward the w., and particularly on the Mississippi, the soil is fertile ; tovvard the e. it is light, and covered with pines. Capital, Fayette. 'I'here were in 1840, neat cat- tle 15,156, sheep 7,595, swine 21,823; Ind. com 364,972 bush, produced, potatoes 30,881, rice 6,818 pounds, cotton 14,038,479; 11 stores, cap. $112,000 ; 2 tanneries, 153 grist m., 8 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manuiac $88,300. 1 acad. 40 students, 15 sch. 318 scholars. Pop. whiles 2,339, slaves 9,176, free col'd 85; total, 11,650. Jefferson, par.. La. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 720 sq. ras. The Mis- sissippi bounds it on the n., and Barrataria bay of the Gulf of Mexico on the s. The land, except- ing on the margin of the streams, is generally loo low for cultivation. Capital, La Fayette. There were in 1810, neat cattle 7,891, sheep 6,781, swine 2,878 ; Ind. corn 198,813 bush, produced, potatoes 82,250, rice 104,260 pounds, sugar 5,134,500; 143 stores, capital $64,749; 81 lumber yards, capital $110,745 ; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 6 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 daily newspapers, 1 week- ly paper, 3 periodicals. Cap. in manufactures, $786,000. 1 acad. 55 students, 2 sch. 29 scholars. Pop. whites 4,866, slaves 4,986, free col'd 618; total, 10,470. Jefferson, county, Tenn. Situated toward the E. part of the state, and contains 356 sq. ras. Holston r. runs on its n. w. border, and French Broad r. waters it in the s. part. The surface is uneven and rough, but it has some fertile soil, ('apital, Dandridge. There were in 1840, neat eatde 7,780, sheep 9,998, swine 27,717; wheal JEF 311 JEF 80,449 bush, prod., rye 1,619, Ind com 3S6,644, oats 77,967, potatoes 12,6S1, tobacco 10,107 pounds, cotton 10,809, sugar 4,883 : 17 stores, cap. $16,5 JO ; 2 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 500 sp., 49 tanneries, 18 distilleries, 1 powder m., 1 potte- ry, 12 flouring m., 33 grist m., 3;) saw m., 3 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $62,272. 1 college, 80 students, 1 acad. 45 students, 13 sch. 320 scholars. Pop. whites 10,662, slaves 1,282, free col'd 132; total, 12,076. Jefferson, county, Ky. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 5D4 sq. ms. The Ohio r. runs on its n. w. border. Drained by Floyd's fork and Pond cr., branches of Salt r. The rapids of the Ohio lie opposite to thi.s co., around which is a canal. Capital, Louisville. There were m 1840, neat cattle 12,716, sheep 14,971, swine 42,266; wheat 115,175 bush, prod., rye 16,969, Ind. com 665,899, barley 1,750, oats 156,01(2, potatoes 60,604, tobacco 75,360 pounds, sugar 3,944; 1 commercial and 11 com. houses, cap. $191,800 ; 270 stores, cap. $2,182,980 ; 3 lum- ber yards, cap. $52,000 ; 9 tanneries, 9 distilleries, 2 breweries, 1 glass fac, 2 potteries, 11 flouring m., 17 grist m., 17 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 paper fac, 7 printing oflices, 2 binderies, 1 periodical, 5 dai- ly, 7 weekly, 3 semi-weelily newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $361,006. 1 college, 80 students, 15 acad. 452 students, 37 sch. 814 scholars. Pop. whites 26,937, slaves 8,596, free col'd 763; total, 36,346. Jefferson, county, O. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 396 sq. ms. Oliio r. runs on its e. border. Drained by Cross, Short, and Yellow creeks, which afford water power. The surface is uneven ; soil, fertile. Capital, Steubenville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,566, sheep 18,814, swine 11,279; wheat 287,436 bush, produced, rye 2,001, Ind. corn 177,45J, bar- ley 2,963, oats 215.373, potatoes 50,189, sugar 1,000 pounds ; 3 com. houses, cap. $3,200 ; 62 stores, cap. $120,800; 5 lumber yards, cap. $23,000; 1 furnace, 1 fuUmg m., 7 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 10,224 sp., 10 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 2 brew- eries, 24 flouring m., 3 grist m., 22 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 paper lac, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly news- papers. Cap. in manufac. $339,980. 1 college, 208 students, 2 acad. 170 students, 44 sch. 2,906 scholars. Pop. 25,030. Jefferson, county, la. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and contains 360 sq. ms. Ohio r. bounds it on the s. e. Drained by branches of Muscatatack r., by Indian Kentucky cr., and Big and Lewis creeks. The surface is various, and the soil productive. Organized in 180J. Capi- tal, Madison. There were in 1810, neat cattle 12,000, sheep 13,477, swine 15,135 ; wheat 83,483 bush, produced, rye 2,126, Ind. corn 250,007, oats 84,264, potatoes 14,597, tobacco 13,180 pounds, sugar 6,603; 11 commercial and 5 com. houses, cap. $960,000; 35 stores, cap. $227,5i9; 1 fur- nace, 1 cotton fac. 800 sp., 12 tanneries, 1 brew- ery, 10 flouring m., 21 grist m., 31 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 paper fac, 2 printing oflices, 4 weekly news- papers. Cap. in manufac. $233,693. 1 college, 72 students, 1 acad. 22 students, 16 sch. 1,050 scholars. Pop. 16,614. Jefferson, county. 111. Situated centrally, in the s. part of the state, and contains 576 sq. ms. Drained by branches of Big Muddy and Little Wabash rivers. The surface is one-third prairie, and the soil moderately fertile. Capital, Mount Vemon. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,370, sheep 6,001, swine 17,955; wheat 11,503 bush, produced, Ind. corn 271,800, oats 27,797, potatoes 6,802, tobacco 29,272 pounds, cotton 13,862 ; 10 stores, cap. $23,900 ; 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 14 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,118. 1 acad. 125 students, 8 sch. 375 scholars. Pop. 5,762. Jefferson, county. Mo. Situated in the K. part of the state, and contains 5'JO sq. ms. Drain- ed by Big r. and Joachim cr. The surface is hilly and broken ; soil, various. Minerals and min- eral springs abound. Capital, Hillsboro'. There were in 1340, neat cattle 7,753, sheep 4,202, swine 13,533; wheat 13,350 bush, produced, Ind. corn 132,125, oats 20,195, potatoes 4,8-36, tobacco 3,000 poimds; 6 stores, cap. $13,000 ; 1 smelling house, prod. 775,000 pounds of lead, 2 tanneries, 1 dis- tillery, 3 flouring m., 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,900. 5 sch. 83 scholars. Pop. 4,296. Jefferson, county. Ark. Situated a little s. E. of the centre of the state, and contains 1,180 sq. ms. Watered by Arkansas r., which runs through its centre. Capital, Pine Bluffs. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,443, sheep 439, swine 8,371; Ind. corn 157,560 bush, produced, potatoes 6,730, cotton 659,750 lbs. ; 7 stores, cap. $49,100; 1 tannery, 17 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $34,100. Pop. wliites 1,551, slaves 1,010, free col'd 5 ; total, 2,566. Jefferson, county. Wis. Situated toward the s. part of the territory, and contains 576 sq. ms. It is well timbered, and has some swamps. Drained by Rock r., passing through its centre. Capital, Jefferson. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,045, sheep 32, swine 1,763; wheat 6,647 bush, pro- duced, rye 186, Ind. corn 15,192, oats 4,465, pota- toes 14,410, sugar 13,050 pounds; 1 store, cap. .$2,500 ; 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac $11,000. 6 sch. 133 scholars. Pop. 914. Jefferso.n, county, Iowa. Situated in the s. w. part of the territory, and contains 330 sq. ms. Organized in 1839. Drained by Checauque or Skunk r. and its branches. It has a fertile soil. Limestone and stone coal are found. Capital, Fairfield. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,075, sheep 2,118, swine 7,172; wheat 4,223 bush, pro- duced, Ind. corn 89,675, oats 10,795 ; 7 stores, cap $16,500; 5 saw m., 7 sch. 151 scholars. Pop. 2,773. Jefferson, p-t., Lincoln co., Me., 21 s. e. Au- gusta, 613 W. It lies around Damariscotta pond, the outlet of which forms Damariscotta r. It has other ponds, from one of which flows Dyer's r., a branch of the Sheepscut r. Incorporated in 1807. It has 11 stores, cap. $3,650 ; 2 fulling m., 4 tanneries, 4 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $21,4i;6. 15 sch. 345 scholars. Pop. 2,214. Jefferson, p-t., Coos co., N. H., 108 n. Con- cord, 569 W. Watered by Israel's r. A pond in the t. gives rise to John's r. The surface is un- even and mountainous, and it has some good land, adapted chiefly to grazing. It has 1 store, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,100. 5 sch. 200 scholars. Pop. 575. Jefferson, p-t., Schoharie co., N. Y., 56 w. Albany, 373 W. The surface is liilly and moun- tainous ; soil, generally a poor sandy loam, ex- cepting in the valleys. Drained by head branches of Delaware r. and branches of Schoharie cr., forming the height of land between Delaware and Hudson rivers. It has 3 stores, cap. $3,200; 3 fulling ra., 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,600. 2 acad. 157 students, 18 sch. 609 scholars. Pop. 2,033. Jefferson, v., Dix t., Chemung co., N. Y. Situated at the s. end of Seneca lake, and at the termination of the Chemung canal. It has a con- venient steamboat landing, and contains 1 Epis- copal church, 3 stores, 3 warehouses, 1 flourmg ra., 1 steam saw m., 1 plaster m., 30 dwellings, JEF 312 JEF and about 200 inhabitants. A steamboat runs daily, 40 miles, to Geneva. Jkffekson, t., Morris co., N. J., 15 n. w. Mor- ristown. 'J'lie surface is covered with mountains, except one deep and narrow valley. Drained by Rockaway r., which affords good water power. Ifurd's pond, U m. long and 1 wide, enters Ho- patcong lake, from 3 to 4 ms. long and 1 wide, covering 3,(K)0 acres, which forms a feeder to the summit level of the Morris canal. Iron is exten- sively found in the mountains. It contains 2 stores, cap. $35,000; 11 blooineries, 1 distillery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $S,I0O. 5 sch. 175 scholars. Pop. 1,412. Jefferson, p-t., Greene co.. Pa., 204 w. by s. Harrisburg, 2Z0 W. Monongahela r. bounds it on the E. The surface is rolling ; soil, loam. The v. is situated on Ten 3Iile cr., 4 miles from its mouth, is surrounded by beautiful scenery, and contains 5 stores, 100 dwellings, and about 500 inhabitants. Incorporated in 1827. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. $20,150 ; 2 tanneries, 2 dis- tilleries, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. .$5,950. 5 sch. 125 scholars. Pop. 1,295. Jefferson, t., Alleghany co., Pa. It has 3 stores, cap. $10,300; 1 tannery, 7 distilleries, 2 flouring m., 5 gri.st m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $36,175. 10 sch. 450 scholars. Pop. 1,779. Jefferson, t., Fayette co., Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,2iX); 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 glass house, 1 paper fac, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,485. 3 sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 1,316. Jefferson, t., Luzerne co., Pa. It has 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,100. Pop. 282. Jefferson, p-t., capital of Ashtabula co., O., 204 N. e. Columbus, 33-( W. Situated on Mills' or., 10 miles from its entrance into Lake Erie. It contains a brick court house, 40 by 50 feet, an academy, 3 stores, and a printing office, issuing a weekly newspaper. The t. contains 5 sch. 110 scholars. Pop. 710. Jefferso.n, t., Adams co., O. It contains the V. of Ijrush Creek Furnace, 11 E. of West Union. It has 5 stores, cap. $1,200; 1 flouring m. Cap. m manufac. $3,650. 1 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 937. ^ Jefferson, t., Clinton co., O. It has 1 store, cap. $100 ; 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $235. 3 sch. 216 scholars. Pop. 474. Jefferson, t., Coshocton co., O. Pop. 771. Jefferson, t., Franklin co., O., 12 e. by n. Columbus. Watered by Black Lick and Rocky fork of Big Walnut creeks. The surface is lev- el ; soil, moderately fertile. It has 12 sch. 300 scholars. Pop. 1,040. Jefferson, t., Guernsey co., O. It has 3 sch. VX) scholars. Pop. 941. Jefferson, t., Jackson co., O., 6 or 8 ms. E. Jackson C. H. It has 1 sch. 26 scholars. Pop. Jefferson, t., La Fayette co., O. It has 2 stores cap. $7,000 ; 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,450. 12 sch. 300 scholars. Pop. 1,949. ^ Jefferson, t., Ugan co., O. It has 5 sch. 135 scholars. Pop. 1,527. Jefferson, t., Knox co., O. It has 5 sch. 180 scholars. Pop. 988. Jefferson, t., Montgomery co., O. It contains the village of Liberty, and has 3 grist m., 3 saw m., and 8 distilleries, 5 scli. 260 scholars. Pop. 1,895. Jefferson, t., 3Iadison co., O., 14 w. Colum- bus. The national road passes through it. Wa- tered by Little Darby cr. The v. contains 295 inhabitants. The t. has 5 stores, cap. $03,000 ; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,650. 12 sch. 370 scholars. Pop. 607. Jefferson, t., Mercer co., O. It has 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 363. Jefferson, t., Muskingum co., O. It contains the v. of Dresden, and has 2 flouring m., 3 saw m., 6 sch. 376 scholars. Pop. 1,369. Jefferson, t., Preble co., O. The national road passes through it. Pop. 2,164. Jefferson, t., Ross co., O. The Scioto r. runs on its s. w. border. Drained by Walnut and Salt creeks and their tributaries, the latter of which affords water power. Pop. 871. Jefferson, t., Richland co., O. It has 9 sch. 950 scholars. Pop. 2,325. Jefferson, t., Scioto co., O. It borders on Scioto r., on which the bottom land is very fer- tile. It has 2 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 573. Jefferson, t., Tuscarawas co., O. It has 2 saw m., 5 sch. 336 scholars. Pop. 992. Jefferson, t., Williams co., O. It has 1 grist m. Cap in manufac. $4,000. 1 sch. 25 scholars Pop. 353. Jefferso.n, p-v., Clinton co., la., 46 n. by w. Indianapolis, 604 W. Situated on the borders of a beautiful prairie, 4 ms. w. of Frankfort, and contains 2 or 3 stores, and about 75 inhabitants. Jefferson, t., Miami co., la. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 2 flouring m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,400. 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 481. Jefferson, t.. Noble co., la. Pop. 68. Jefferson, t., Putnam co., la. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,700 ; 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,010. 8 sch. 489 scholars. Pop. 1,129. Jefferson, t.. Saline co., Mo. It has 1 sch. 8 scholars. Pop. 765. Jefferson, t., Wayne co.. Mo. It has 1 sch 18 scholars. Pop. 336. Jefferson, t., Jefferson co.. Wis. It has 1 sch. 42 scholars. Pop. 250. Jefferson, p-v., Frederick co., Md., 83 n. w. Annapolis, 51 W. Jefferson, p-o., Powhatan co., Va., 34 w. Richmond, 136 W. Jefferson, p-v., capital of Ashe co., N. C, 202 w. N. w. Raleigh, 366 W. Situated on the w. side of New river. It contains a court house, jail, several stores and dwellings. Jefferson, p-v., capital of Jackson co., Ga., 95 n. Milledgeville, 630 W. Situated on w. side of Oconee r. It contains a court house, jail, an academy, several stores, and about 25 dwellings. Jefferson, p-v., capital of Cherokee co., Ala., 152 N. E. Tuscaloosa, 677 W. Situated on the .M. side of Coosa r. It has a court house, and several dwellings. Jefferson, p-v., Rutherford co., Tenn., 22 s. E. Nashville, 677 W. Situated on w. side of Stone's r., a branch of Cumberland r., at the junction of the We.st Fork. Jefferson, t., Cass co., Mich. Tlie soil is fertile, adapted to grain. It has 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,700. 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 471. Jefferson, p-t., capital of Jefferson co., Wis., 36 E. Madison, 834 W. It has 1 sch. 42 scholars. Pop. 250. Jefferson Barracks, p-v., and U. S. Mili- tary Station, St. Louis co.. Mo., 142 e. Jefferson City, 822 W. Jefferson City, p-v., capital of Cole co^ and of the state of Missouri, 936 w. Washington City. Situated on the s. bank of the Missouri r., on ele- vated and uneven ground, and contains a state house, a governor's house, which is large and elegant, a state penitentiary, an academy, several JEN 313 JER large mercantile establishments, and a fine steam saw m., 200 dwellings, and 1,174 inhabitants. Jefferson, t., Cole co., 3Io. It has 1 acad. 33 students, 2 sch. 42 scholars. Pop. 2,043. Jefferson, t., Clarke co., Mo. It has 1 sch. 13 scholars. Pop. 357. Jefferso.n, t., Johnson co.. Mo. It has 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 748. Jefferson, t., Livingston co.. Mo. Pop. 502. Jefferson, t., Monroe co.. Mo. It has 4 sch. 101 scholars. Pop. 1,507. Jefferson, t., Sevier co.. Ark. It has 1 store, cap. $1,50J; 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $600. 1 sch. 35 scholars. Pop. 383. Jefferson Hall, p-o., Greene co., Ga., 53 n. Milledgeville, 5J2 W. Jeffersonton, p-v., Culpepper co., Va., 112 N. N. w. Richmond, 61 W. Situated on the w. side of Rappahannock r. It contains 1 Baptist church, 3 stores, 1 tannery, and about 300 in- habitants. Lee's Sulphur Springs are in the vicinity. Jeffersonton, p-v., capital of Camden co., Ga., 270 s. s. e. Milledgeville, 779 W. Situated on the s. side of St. Ilia r., at the head of naviga- tion. It contains a court house, jail, several stores, and about 50 dwellings. Jeffersontow.v, p-v., Jefferson co., Ky., 66 w. Frankfort, 603 W. It has 3 churches and about 350 inhabitants. Jeffersonville, p-v., Lamoille co., Vt., 45 n. Montpelier, 545 W. Jefferso.wille, p-v., Norristown t., Mont- gomery CO., Pa., 101 E. Harrisburg, 159 W. It contains a store and 10 or 12 dwellings. Jeffersonville, p-v., Fayette co., O., 60 s. w. Columbus, 453 W. Jeffersonville, Tazewell co., Va. (See Tazewell C. H. Jeffersonville, p-v., Clark co., la., 117 s. by E. Indianapolis, 597 W. It is situated on a high hank, on n. side of Ohio r., opposite Louisville, Ky., and just above tlie rapids of the Ohio. There is a good landing here, caused by an eddy in the river. It has a ship yard, an iron foundry, 6 stores, a steam grist and saw m., and about 700 inhabitants. Jeffress' Store, p-o., Nottoway co., Va., 74 s. w. Richmond, 193 W. Jeffrey's Creek, p-o., Marion dist., S. C, 129 e. Columbia, 470 W. Jellico, p o., Whitley co., Ky., 139 s. s. e. Frankfort, 557 W. Jena, pc, Tuscaloosa co., Ala., 21 Tuscaloo- sa, 83J W. Jenks, t., JefTerson co.. Pa. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. (5500. Pop. 20. Jenki.ns' Store, p-o., Anson co., N. C, 168 s. w. Raleigh, 413 W. Jenkintown, p-v., 3Iontgomery co., Pa., 107 E. Harrisburg, 148 W. Jenner, t., Somerset co.. Pa., 12 n. w. Somer- set b. The surface is rolling ; soil, reddish clay. Drained by Beaver Dam run, on which coal is found. The b. contains a store and 12 or 15 dwellings. The t. has 3 stores, cap. $12,500; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 4 distille- ries, 6 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. m manufac. $10,000. 1 sch. 37 scholars. Pop. 1,469. Jennersville, p-v., Chester co.. Pa., 63 e. by s. Harrisburg, 98 W. It is pleasantly situated in a fertile country, and contains 2 stores, 30 or 35 dwellings, and a Friends church in the vicinity. Jennings, county, la. Situated toward the s. I. part of the state, and contains 380 sq. ms. The surface is hilly ; soil, calcareous loam. Or- ganized in 1816. Watered by Graham's Fork, 40 and N. fork of Muscatatack r. and Sand cr., which afford good water power. The Madison and Indianapolis railroad is located through the CO. Capital, Vernon. There were in 184J, neat cattle 7,2 •;3, sheep 7,0S7, swine 14,318; wheat 56,6.'l bush, produced, rye 1,971, Indian corn 170,115, oats 8 1,23 S, potatoes 9,515, tobacco 21,425 pounds ; 18 stores, cap. §39,700 ; 9 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 2 flouring m., 10 grist m., 16 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $42,200. 2 acad. 135 students, 17 sch. 555 scholars. Pop. 8,-129. Jennings, t.. Van Wert co., O. Pop. 88, Jennings, t., Putnam co., O. Pop. 360. Jennings, p-o., Franklin co., la., 79 e. s. e. Indianapolis. Jenning's Gap, p-o., Augusta co., Va., 129 w. N. w. Richmond, 156 W. Jenning's Ordinary, p-o., Nottoway co., Va., 75 s. w. Richmond, 182 W. Jennon's Run, p-o., Alleghany co., Md. Jericho, p-t., Chittenden co., Vt., 52 n. w. Montpelier, 528 w. Onion r. runs on its s. w. border. VVatered by Brown's r., which, with other streams, afford water power. Chartered in 1763. Organized in 17S6. The surface is un- even ; soil, on the streams, rich and fertile. It has 3 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,S00. 1 acad. 59 students, 9 sch. 455 scholars. Pop. 1,635. Jericho, p-v., Oyster Bay t., Queens co., N. Y., 173 s. by e. Albany, 253 VV. It contains 1 Friends church, 3 stores, 1 tannery, 40 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Jericho, p-v., Wayne co., N. C, 71 s. w. Ra- leigh, 3J1 W. Jericho, p-v., Perry co., Ala., 53 s. Tuscaloo- sa, 821 W. Jericho Centre, p-v., Jericho t., Chittenden CO., Vt., 32 N. w. Montpelier, 518 W. It contains a Congregational church, a store, and several dwellings. Jeromesville, p-v., Mohiccan t., Wayne co., O., 82 N. E. Columbus, 359 VV. It contains 2 churches, 5 stores, and about 40 dwellings. Jersey, county, 111. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contanis 30) sq. ms. Illinois r. bounds it on the w. and Mississippi r. on the s. VVatered by a branch of Illinois r. Capital, Jer- seyville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,129, sheep 4,274, swine 14,807 ; wheat 3 J,48J bush, produced, Ind. corn 25 ■!,924, oats 4S,077, potatoes 16,971, tobacco 15,086 pounds, cotton 1,806; 5 stores, cap. $23,410 ; 4 tanneries, 1 pottery, 5 flouring m., 8 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 printing otfice, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $61,546. Pop. 4,535. Jersey, p-v., Bradford t., Steuben co., N. Y., 205 w. by s. Albany, 317 W. Situated on Mead cr., and contains 2 stores, 1 flouring m., 2 saw m., 1 distillery, 25 dwellings, and about 150 inhabit- ants. Jersey City, p-v., Hudson co., N. J., 58 n. e. Trenton, 224 W. Situated on the w. side of Hudson r., opposite to New Vork, with which it is connected by a ferry, on which 3 steamboats are constantly plying. Incorporated as a city in 1820. The ground on which it is built projects into Hudson r., having bays n. and s. of it. It is handsomely laid out, with broad streets, crossing each other at right angles. It contains 4 churches — 1 Episcopal, 1 Dutch Reformed, 1 Methodist, and 1 Roman Catholic — a Lyceum, with a hand- some brick edifice, a female academy, and a high school for boys, a bank, an extensive pottery, where beautiful delfware is produced to the an- nual amount of $200,500, a flint glass fac, which JES 314 JOH employs 100 liaiids, producing plain and cut glass to the amount of $200,000 ainiually, 3 lumber yards with a cap. of $3,000, 2 iron foundries, 3 K) dwellings, many of them largo and elegant. The New Jer.'-ey railroad, which is continued to Philadelphia, and the Paiterson and Hud.'^on rail- road commence here, and have a fine depot, and the Morris canal, 101 miles long, connecting the Delaware and Hudson rivers, terminates here, with a large basin. The Thatched Cottage Garden is a beautiful place of summer resort. It has 23 stores, cap. §27,000 ; 2 printing offices, 1 bindery, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufactures, $203,000. 11 sell. 339 scholars. Pop. 3,072. Directly w. of Jersey city is a settlement, called Ilarsimus, which contains 1 Baptist church, 1 iron foundry, 1 rope-walk, I starch fac, and about 25 dwellings. To the n. of this is another considerable settlement, called Pavonia, which contains 3 carpet fac, and about 30 dwellings. Both of these may be considered as suburbs of Jersey city. Jersey, p-t., Licking co., O., 35 n. e. Colum- bus, 384 W. It is in a well cultivated region, and contains 1 store. It has 4 sch. 207 scholars. Pop. 932. Jersey Settlement, p-o., Davidson co., N. Carolina. Jersey Shore, p-b., Mifflin t., Lycoming co.. Pa., 99 N. N. w. Harrisburg, 209 W. Situated on the N. side of the west branch of Susquehanna r., and contains 1 Methodist church, 6 stores, and about 100 dwellings. Incorporated in 1826. The Western division of the Pennsylvania canal pass- es through the place. It has 11 stores, cap. $38,0;)0 ; 2 tanneries. Cap. in manufac. $14,250. 2 sch. 80 scholars. Pop. 525. JerseytowiV, p-v., 3Iadison t., Columbia co.. Pa., 84 N. by e. Harrisburg, 194 W. It contains 1 Episcopal church, 1 store, and about 30 dwell- ings. Jersevville, p-v., capital of Jersey co., 111., 71 s. w. Springfield, 821 W. Beautifully situated in Jersey prairie, and contains a court house, and about 23 dwelUngs. Jes.see's Store, p-o., Shelby co., Ky. Jerusalem, p-t., Yates co., N. Y., 5 vv. Penn Yan, 199 w. Albany, 323 VV. The surface is Uneven ; soil, a fertile clay and gravelly loam. Watered by the w. branch of Crooked lake, and a small stream flowing into it. Jemima Wilkin- son, the founder of the Shakers, resided, and died here in 181.). It has 3 stores, cap. $9,700 ; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $21,48;). IG sch. 833 scholars. Pop. 2,935. Jerus.\lem, p-v., capital of Southampton co., Va., 70 E. s. E. Richmond, 189 W. It contains a court house, jail, and several dwellings. Jerusale.m Soutu, p-v., Hempstead t., Queens co., iN. Y., 17G s. by k. Albany, 256 W. The V. is chiefly an agricultural settlement, 3 ms. N. of the s. post-road, and contains 1 Friends church, 2 stores, 1 tannery, and 25 or 30 dwell- ings, not very compact. Jessamine, county, Ky. Centrally situated toward the w. part of tlic state, and contains 256 sq. ms. Kentucky r. bounds it on the s. e., s., and s. \y. The surface is moderately uneven • soil, fertile. Watered by Jessamine cr., Hickman cr., and branches of Clear cr., which flow into Kentucky r. Capital, Mcholasville. There were in 1810, neat cartle, H,636, sheep 15,635, swine 23,650 ; wheat 61,806 bush, produced, rye 59,121, Ind. corn 477,912, oaU 76,160, potatoes 19,041^ tobacco 73,793 pounds; 23 slores, cap. $63,125- 1 woollen lac, 1 cotle, p-v., Van Buren co.. Mich., 175 w. Detroit, 636 W. It has 1 store and several mechanics. Keene, p-t., with Charlestown the capital of Cheshire county, N. H., 80 w. n. w. Boston, 48 KEL 319 KEN w. s. w. Concord, 4"24 W. The v. is pleasantly- situated on a plain, on the E. side of Ashuelot r., at a little distance fromit. The principal street is a mile long, with ample width, and ornamented with trees. The houses are neat, and some of them elegant. It contains a court house, jail, a bank, a Congregational church, a printing office. About a mile from the v., a canal from the Ashu- elot r. affords good water power, on wliich are several mills and manufactories. There are in the t., 25 stores, cap. $132,,300; 1 furnace, 1 ful- ling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 2 glass fac, 2 printing offices, 1 bindery, 2 weekly newspa- pers, 3 periodicals, 3 gri.st m., 7 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $98,262. 2 acad. 261 students, 13 sch. 695 scholars. Pop. 2,610. Keene, p-t., Essex CO., N. Y., 138 n. Albany, 513 W. The surface is mountainous, containing Mount Marcy, the highest peak of the Adiron- dack range, 5,467 feet above tidewater in Hud- son r. Drained by branches of Ausable r., which afford very extensive water power. It has sev- eral small lakes, celebrated for their large trout. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000; 1 fulling m., 1 forge, 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $2,620. 4 sch. 185 scholars. Pop. 730. Kee.\e, p-v., Jessamine county, Ky., 33 s. e. Frankfort, 531 W. Keene, p-t., Coshocton co., O., 99 n. e. by e. Columbus, 344 W. The v. was organized in 1820, and contains 2 churches, 3 stores, and about 200 inhabitants. It has 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $900. 1 sch. 56 scholars. Pop. 1,043. Keene, p-o., Hillsdale co., Mich. Keeney's Settlement, p-o., Cortland co., N. Y., 131 w. Albany, 333 W. Keesville. p-v., Ausable and Chesterfield t., Clinton and Essex cos., N. Y. Situated 4 w. Lake Champlain, on both sides of Ausable river, which affords extensive water power. It con- tains 4 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist and 1 Roman Catholic — an academy, bank, 18 stores, 1 forge, 1 rolling m., 1 nail fac,, which produces 100 tons of nails annually, 1 woollen fac, 2 flouring m., 4 saw m., 1 furnace and machine shop, 1 plaster m., 1 tannery, a printing office, 300 dwellings, and about 2,000 inhabitants. Its growth has been exceedingly rapid. Keepatau, p-o.. Cook co., El., 178 n. e. by n. Springfield, 745 W. Keiths, p-o., Morgan co., O., 88 e. by s. Co- lumbus, 318 W. Keith's Mills, p-o., Franklin co., Me., 30 n. w. Augusta, 616 W. Kellertown, p-v., Wilkinson co., Miss., 118 s. w. by s. Jackson, 1,128 W. Kelley's Mills, p-o., Lawrence co., O., 109 s. s. E. Columbus, 405 W. Kellogg's Store, p-o., Jackson co., Ga., 104 N. by w. Milledgeville, 639 W. Kelloggsville, p-v., Niles t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 153 w. Albany, 329 W. It contains 1 Pres- byterian church, 2 stores, 40 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitauls. Kelloggville, p-o., Monroe t., Ashtabula co., O., 222 n. e. Columbus, 337 W. Kelly, t.. Union co.. Pa., 9 n. New Berlin. The surface is undulating ; soil, calcareous loam. Drained by Buffalo cr. and its branches. It has 1 store, cap. $9,000; 1 flouring m., 1 sawm. Cap. in manufac. $10,000. 5 sch. 200 scholars. Pop. 738. Kelly, t., Ottawa co., O., comprehends Cun- ningham's island in Lake Erie. Pop. 68. Kelly's Creek, p-o., St. Clair co., Ala., 101 N. E. by e. Tuscaloosa, 753 W. Kelly's Ferry, p-o., Meigs co., Tenn., 137 e. s. E. Nashville, 569 W. The ferry crosses the Tennessee r. Kelly's Spring, p-o., Talladega co., Ala., 122 E. Tuscaloosa, 757 W. Kelso, p-t., Dearborn co., la., 84 s. e. Indian- apolis, 531 W. Pop. 1,450. Kelso, t., Scott co.. Mo. Pop. 476. Kelvin Gp.ove, p-o., Wake co., N. C, 10 n. Raleigh, 294 W. Kemblesville, p-o., Chester co., Pa., 76 e. s. E. Harrisburg, 99 W. Kemper, county. Miss. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 750 sq. ms. Watered by Sookanitchie r. and a branch of Oktibbeha r. Capital, De Kalb. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 12,251, sheep 1,999, swine 20,814; wheat 7,855 bu:sh. produced, Indian corn 233,017, oats 10,441, potatoes 22,997, tobacco 1,646 pounds, cot- ton 3,926,565 ; 18 stores, cap. $99,958 ; 8 cotton fac. 43 sp., 1 tannery, 3 flouring m., 13 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $83,265. 4 acad. 133 students, 11 sch. 235 scholars. Pop. whites 4,612, slaves 3,040, free col'd 11 ; total, 7,663. Ke.mp's Creek, p-o., Benton co., Ala., 170 E. N. E. Tuscaloosa, 744 W. Kempsville, p-v.. Princess Ann co., Va., 116 s. E. by E. Richmond, 240 W. Situated on tbe E. branch of Elizabeth r., at the head of tidewater. It contains 1 Baptist church, several stores, 1 tan- nery, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Kenansville, p-v., capital of Duplin CO., N.C., 89 s. E. Raleigh, 319 W. Situated on the s. side of Grove cr., a branch of Cape Fear r. It contains a court house and several dwellings. Kendall, county. 111. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 324 sq. ms. Water- ed by Fox r. Surface undulating; soil, fertile. Capital, Yorkville. Kendall, p-t., Orleans co., N. Y., 249 w. by N. Albany, 398 W. It is bounded n. by Lake Ontario. The surface is nearly level, rising gen- tly from the lake ; soil, sandy and gravelly loam. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,150; 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,150. 14 sch. 664 scholars. Pop. 1,692. Kendall, p-o., Logan co., O., 79 n. w. by vv. Columbus, 466 W. Kendall, p-v., Van Buren co., Mich., 167 w. Detroit, 613 W. Kendall, p-o., Beaver co., Pa., 238 w. by n. Harrisburg, 260 W. Kendall, po., Marshall co., Va. Kendall, p-o., Allen co., la., 137 n. e. by N. Indianapolis, .549 W. Kendall, p-o., Clay co., Mo., 164 w. N. w. Jefferson city, 1,069 W. Kendall Creek, p-o., McKean co.. Pa. Kendall's Mills, p-o., Somerset co.. Me. Kendall's Store, p-o., Montgomery co., N. C, 143 w. s. w. Raleigh, 380 W. Kendallville, p-v., Noble co., la., 159 n. n. E. Indianapolis, 531 W. Kennebec, r.. Me., next to the Penobscot the most important river in the state, has its principal source in the outlet of Moosehead lake ; but 20 ms. below it receives Dead r., which is a longer branch, and rises within 5 ms. of the Chaudiere, which flows into the St. Lawrence. Its general course is s. by e., with several considerable curves. Its course from its remotest source is about 200 ms. Its largest tributary is the Andro- scoggin, which enters it from tlie w. 18 ms. from the ocean. It is navigable for large ships 12 ms. to Bath, for sloops of 150 tons 40 ms. to Hallowell, KEN 320 KEN and for sloops 2 ms. further to Augusta, the head of tidewater, and for boats to Waterville, 18 ms. above Augusta. It has important falls at Walor- ville, and at 3 other places above, afTording great water power. There are bridges at Augusta, at Canaan, and at Norridgewofk. It is generally closed vvilli ice 4 months in the year at Jlallovv- ell, but usually open at all seasons below Bath. The most important towns on the river are Bath, Hallowcll, Augusta, Waterville, and Norridge- wock. It flows through a fertile country, and is the medium of an extensive trade. Kknnebkc, county, Me. Situated in the cen- tral part of the state, and contains 1,050 sq. miles. Kennebec r. runs through the centre of the co. It has many small lakes and ponds, the outlets of which, with the Kennebec, aflbrd extensive water power. It possesses great facilities for commerce. The surface is undulating, and the soil fertile. Capital, Augusta. There were in 1840, neat cattle 35,593, sheep 82,759, swine 11,825; wheat 86,514 bush, produced, rye 9,83 J, Ind. corn 154,049, buckwheat 3,510, barley 57,057, oats 132,583, potatoes 1,165,399, sugar 18,915 lbs. ; 235 stores, cap. $4 ••"6,450; 3 lumber yard.s, cap. $8,000 ; 1 furnace, 19 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 43 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 55 grist m., 131 saw m., 4 oil m., 3 paper fac, 7 printing of- fices, 4 binderies, 1 periodical, 6 weekly news- papers. Cap. in manufac. $616,886. 2 colleges, 95 students, 12 acad. 1,311 students, 334 schools 17,163 scholars. Pop. 55,823. Kennebunk, p-t., and port of entry, York co.. Me., 75 s. s. w. Augusta, 517 W. Situated on the s. w. side of Kenncbunk r., at its entrance into the Atlantic, which affords a good harbor. It has considerable shipping employed in the coast- ing trade and the fisheries. It has 17 stores, cap. $31,150; 1 cotton fac. 1,064 sp., 3 tanneries, 1 printing office, 1 weekly paper, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufoc. !iii92,4'.i5. 2 acad. 175 stu- dents, 11 sch. 8:^5 scholars. Pop. 2,2i3. KE.\NEBUNKroRT, p-t., York co.. Me., 78 s. s. w. Augusta, 520 W. Situated on the n. e. side of Keniiebunk r., opposite to Kennebunk, with which its trade is united. It has 11 stores, cap. $25,000 ; 2 furnaces, 1 fulling m,, 3 tanneries, 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,500. 1 acad. 30 students, 13 sch. 1,150 scholars. Pop. 2,768. Kennedy's, p-o., Brunswick co., Va., 91 s. by w. Augusta, 207 W. Kennedvsville, p-v., Bath t., Steuben co., N. v., 223 w. by s. Albany, 303 W. It contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Christian church, 2 stores, 1 woollen fac, 1 saw in., 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Kennkt, t., Chester co.. Pa., 23 s. w. Philadel- phia. The surface is hilly ; soil, a fertile calca- reous loam, well cultivated. Drained by Red Clay cr. It has 4 stores, cap. §15,5)0; 1 tan- nery, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Capital in manufac. $12,550. 6 sch. 233 scholars. Pop. 1,220. Kennet Square, p-v., Kennet t., Chester co., Pa., 74 e. s. e. llarrisburg, 105 W. Situated in the N. w. corner of Kennet t., and contains 1 Friends church, 1 store, and 15 or 20 dwellings. Kennonsville, p-v., Lewis co., Mo., 128 n. by E. Jefferson city, 942 W. Kensington, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H., 41 S. E. Concord, 478 W. The surface is nearly level. Formed from Hampton in 1837. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,600; 2 grist m., 1 saw m., 3 sch. 160 scholars. Pop. 663. Kensington, p-v., Berlin t., Hartford co., Ct., 13 s. s. w. Hartford, 323 W. Kensington, p-l., Philadelpliia co., Pa., 100 e. by s. Harrisburg, 140 W. It constitutes a suburb of Philadelphia, in the N. E. part, along the Dela- ware r. ; and though it has a separate govern- ment, under 15 commissioners, should be regard- ed as a part of the ciiy. It contains various manufacturing establishments of cotton, woollen, iron, and glass, and considerable ship building. There were in 1840, 1 commission house, and 112 stores, capital $107,900 ; 7 lumber yards, capital $116,.500; 9 woollen fac, 15 cotton fac. 700 sp., 3 tanneries, 1 brewery, 1 glass fac, 4 rope fac. Cap. in manufac. .$721,600. 6 acad. 676 students, 5 sch. 674 scholars. Pop. 22,314. (See Phila- delphia.) Kensington, p-v., Lyon t., Oakland co., Mich., 35 w. by N. Detroit, 544 W. It has 2 .stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., and about 30 dwellings, some of which are neat and elegant. Kent, county, K. I. Situated in the centre of the state, and contains 1S6 sq. ms. The surface is uneven and rough ; soil, gravelly and sandy loam, adapted to grazing. Drained l)y Pawtuxet and Flat rs., vvhicli afford water power. It has flourishing manufactures, and some commerce. Capital, East Greenwich. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,89-!, sheep 10,403, swine 4,221 ; wheat 494 bush, produced, rye 6,0G6. Ind. corn 64,112, barley 3,305, oats 11,915, potatoes 136,644; 103 stores, capital $179,610; 5 lumber yards, capital $11,200; 9 fulling m., 5 woollen fac, 45 cotton fac. 100,010 sp., 2 tanneries, 2 rope fac, 27 grist m., 25 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,661,500. 6 acad. 250 students, 64 sch. 1,974 scholars. Pop. 13,033. Kent, county, Del. Situated in the centre of the state, and contains 640 sq. ms. Delaware bay bounds it on the e. Drained by Jones, Little Duck, and Mother Kill crs. The surface is gen- tly uneven, and the soil fertile. Capital, Dover. There were in 1840, neat cattle 17,477, sheep 13,781), swine 27,080; wheat 85,312 bush, pro- duced, rye 21,745, Ind. corn 626,835, buckwheat 3,680, oats 294,231, potatoes 6S,375; 66 stores, cap. $207,640; 9 lumber yards, cap. $10,500; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 20 grist m.. 16 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 periodical. Cap. in manufac. $106,000. 2 acad. 63 students, 46 sch. 2,997 scholars. Pop. whites 13,618, slaves 427, free col'd 5,827 ; total, 19,872. Ki:nt, county, Md. Situated toward the n. e. part of the state, and contains 2 iO -sq ms. Drain- ed by Chester r. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil, various. Capital, Chester. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,498, sheep 9,109, swine 14,921 ; wheat 133,147 bush, produced, rye 3,250, Ind. corn 502,439, buckwheat 1,118, oats 277,393, potatoes 33,563; 270 stores, cap. $62,040; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 7 flouring m., 13 grist m., 5 saw m. C;ip. in manufac. $28,370. 3 colleges, 80 students, 1 acad. 18 stu- dents, 14 sch. 474 scholars. Pop. whites 5,616, slaves 2,735, free col'd 2,491 ; total, 10,842. Kent, county, Mich. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 576 sq. ms. Drained by Grand r. and its tributaries, which afford good water power. The surface is undulating or hilly ; soil, deep vegetable loam, and fertile. Limestone and salt springs are found. Capital, Kent, or Grand Rapids. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,271, sheep 222, swine 2,460 ; wheat 18,750 biisli. produced, Ind. com 13,320, oats 17,320, potatoes 16,700, sugar 5,080 pounds; 2 com. houses, cap. $13,000 ; 12 stores, cap. $33,000 ; 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 2 flouring m., 1 grist m., 18 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $140,600. 9 sch. 303 scholars. Pop. 2,587. KEN 321 KEN Kent, p-t., Litchfield co., Ct., 51 w. Hartford, 323 W. Situated on both sides of Housatonic r., by which, and its branches, it is watered, and which afford good water power. The surface is mountainous, and the soil, in the mountains, gravelly and hard ; in the valleys, a calcareous loam, and fertile. An extensive bed of iron ore is here found. Incorporated in 1739. It con- tains 3 churche.s — 1 Congregational, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist. The v. is on the e. side of the Housatonic, which is here crossed by a bridge. The Housatonic railroad passes through the t. on the E. side of the r. It has 6 stores, cap. $14,500 ; 3 furnaces, 2 forges, 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 3 grist ra., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,550. 12 sch. 475 scholars. Pop. 1,759. Kent, p-t., Putnam co., N. Y. 99 s. Albany, 292 W. The surface is hilly and mountainous ; soil, well adapted to grazing. Drained by the head waters of Croton r. It has 6 stores, cap. $9,850 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 5 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $30,200; 10 sch. 4S0 scholars. Pop. 1,830. Kent, p-o., Indiana co., Pa., 165 w. by n. Harrisburg, 218 W. Kent, p-t., Kent co., Mich., 163 w. n. w. De- troit, 649 W. Kent's Hill, p-o., Kennebec co., Me., 14 Au- gusta, 604 W. Kenton, county, Ky. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 150 sq. ms. It is bounded n. by the Ohio r., and e. by Licking r. Surface undulating, soil fertile. Capital, Inde- pendence. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,529, sheep 7,523, swine 13,774; wheat, 53,987 bush, produced, rye 4,738, Ind. corn 294,635, oats 28,989, potatoes 10,823, tobacco 601,774 pounds, sugar 5,539 ; 33 stores, cap. $76,825 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $15,000 ; 1 furnace, 1 forge, 1 cotton fac. 2,332 sp., 2 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 14 grist m., 4 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly news- papers. Cap. in manufac. $176,050. 15 sch. 354 scholars. Pop. whites 7,033, slaves 751, free col'd 34 ; total, 7,816. Kenton, p-t., capital of Hardin co., O., 71 n. w. Columbus, 442 W. The v. is situated on the N. side of Scioto r. It contains 6 churches — I Lutheran, 1 Methodist, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Seceder, 1 Associate Reformed, 1 of Disciples — 4 stores and 75 dwellings, 3 sch. 109 scholars. Pop. 299. Kentontown, p-v., Harrison co., Ky., 53 N. E. Frankfort, 489 W. Situated in the n. e. cor- ner of the county. Kentucky, r., Ky., from which the state de- rives its name, rises by 3 principal branches in the Cumberland mountains, denominated the North, Middle and South Forks, which unite in Estill CO. From this point is pursues a circuitous course, in its lower parts, generally n. n. w., until it enters Ohio r. at Carrollton. The dis- tance from the mouth to the forks, is 260 ms. by the course of the r. ; but is only 112 ms. in a di- rect line. Steamboats of 300 tons formerly na- vigated this r. to Frankfort, in time of high water. But the navigation from the mouth to the forks of the r. has been improved by the construction of 17 dams, creating pools, and 17 locks, connect- ing them. The dams are from 350 to 500 feet long, and from 20 to 25 feet high, and the locks are 178 feet long, and 3S feet wide, and the least depth through the whole course is 6 feet, so that boats of a less draft than this, can navigate it at all times. The difference of level overcome by the locks, is 210 feet. The estimated cost of the whole, is $2,297,409. KENTUCKY. Kentucky, one of the western United States, is bounded n. by Oliio, Indiana, and Illinois, from Tvhich it is separated by the Ohio river ; E. by Virginia ; s. by Tennessee ; and w. by the Missis- sippi, which separates it from Missouri. It is between 36° 30' and 39° 10' n. lat., and between 81° 50' and 89° 20' w. Ion., and between 5° and 10° w. Ion. from W. Its greatest length is about 400 miles, and breadth 170 miles, containing 40,500 square miles, or 25,920,000 acres. The popu- lation in 1790 was 73,677 ; in 1800, 220,959; in 1810, 406,511 ; in 1820, 564,317; in 1830, 683,844; in 1840, 779,828, of which 182,253 were slaves. Of the free population, 305,323 were white males ; 281,930 do. females ; 3,761 were colored males ; 3,556 do. females. Employed in agriculture, 197,738 ; in commerce, 3,448; in manufactures and trades, 23,217 ; navigating the ocean, 44; canals, lakes, and rivers, 968 ; in mining, 331 ; learned professions, 2,487. There are 90 counties in this state, which with their population in 1840, and their capitals, were as follows : Adair, 8,466, Columbia ; Allen, 7,329, Scottsville ; Barren, 17,288, Glasgow ; Bath, 9,763, Owingsville; Boone, 10,034, Burlington; Bourbon, 14,478, Paris; Breathitt, 2,195, Breathitt; Bracken, 7,053, Augusta; Breckenridge, 8,944, Hardingsburg ; Bulitt, 6,334, Shepherdsville ; Butler, 3,398, Morgantown; Caldwell, 10,365, Princeton; Calloway, 9,794, Wadesborough ; Campbell, 5,214, Newport; Carroll, 3,966, Carrollton; Carter, 2,905, Gray- son ; Casey, 4,939, Liberty; Christian, 15,587, Hopkinsville ; Clark, 10,802, Winchester; Clay, 4,607, Manchester ; Clinton, 3,863, Albany ; Cumberland, 6,090, Burkesville ; Davies, 8,331, Owensborough ; Edmonston, 2,914, Brownsville ; Estill, 5,535, Irvine ; Fayette, 22,194, Lex- ington ; Fleming, 13,268, Flemingsburg ; Floyd, 6,302, Prestonburg ; Franklin, 9,420, Frankfort ; Gallatin, 4,003, Warsaw; Garrard, 10,480, Lancaster; Grant, 4,192, Williamstown ; Graves, 7,465, Mayfield; Grayson, 4,461, LitcMeld ; Greene, 14,212, Greensburg ; Greenup, 6,297, Greenupsburg ; Hancock, 2,581, Hawesville ; Hardin, 16,357, Elizabethtown ; Harlan, 3,015, Mt. Pleasant ; Harrison, 12,472 Cynthiana ; Hart, 7,031, Munfordsville ; Henderson, 9,548, Henderson ; Henry,10,015, New Castle ; Hickman, 8,968, Clinton ; Hopkins, 9,171, Madisonville ; Jefferson, 36,346, Louisville ; Jessamine, 9,396, Nicholasville ; Kenton, 7,816, Independence ; Knox, 5,722, Barboui-ville ; Laurel, 3,079, London ; Lawrence, 4,730, Louisa ; Lewis, 6,306, Clarksburg ; Lincoln, 10,187, Stanford ; Livingston, 9,025, Smithland ; Logan, 13,615, Russel- ville ; Madison, 16,355, Richmond ; Marion, 11,032, Lebanon ; Mason, 15,719, Maysville ; 41 KEN 322 KEN McCracken, 4,745, Paducah; Meadk, 5,780, Brandenburg; Mercer, 1 8,720, Harrodsburg ; Mom- roe, 6,526, Tompkinsville ; Montgomery, 9,332, Mount Sterling; Morgan, 4,603, West Liberty ; MuHLENBURG, 6,964, Greenville ; Nelson, 13,637, Burdstr)wn ; Nicholas, 8,745, Carlisle ; Ohio, 6,592, Hartford ; Oldham, 7,380, La Grange; Owen, 8,232, Owenton ; Pendleton, 4,455, Fal- mouth ; Ferry, 3,089, Hazard ; Pike, 3,567, Fikeville ; Pulaski, 9,620, Somerset ; Rockcastle, 3,409, Mount Vernon ; Russell, 4,238, Jamestown ; Scott, 13,668, Georgetown ; Shelby, 17,768, Shelby villa; Simpson, 6,537, Franklin; Spencer, 6,581, Taylorsville ; Todd, 9,991, Elkton; Trigg, 7,716, Cadiz; Trimble, 4,480, Bedford; Union, 6,673, Morganfield; Warren, 15,446, Bowlmg Green ; Washington, 10,596, Springfield ; Wayne, 7,399, Monticello; Whitley, 4,673, Williamsburg ; Woodford, 11,740, Versailles. Frankfort, on the e. bank of the Kentucky river, 60 miles above its entrance into the Ohio, is the seat of government. The only mountains in this state, are the Cumberland in the s. E. The eastern counties are mountainous. A tract from 5 to 20 miles wide, along the Ohio river, through the whole length of the state, is hilly and broken, but has a good soil. The margin of the Ohio for about a mile in width consists of bottom lands, which are overflowed when the river is high. Between this tract of hilly country, the more mountainous eastern counties, and Green river, is a fertile tract, fre- quently denominated the garden of the state. It is about 150 miles long, and from 50 to 100 wide. The soil is excellent, the surface is gently undulating, and the forest growth, black walnut, black cherry, buckeye, pawpaw, sugar-maple, mulberry, elm, ash, cotton wood, white thorn, and an abun- dance of grape-vines. The country in the s. w. part of the state, between Green and Cumberland rivers, is called "the barrens." In 1800, the legislature of the state made a gratuitous grant of this tract to actual settlers, under the idea that it was of little value ; but it proves to be excellent grain land, and also well adapted to the raising of hogs and cattle. The whole state, below the moun- tains, has at the usual depth of 8 feet a bed of limestone, which has frequent apertures through which the waters of the rivers sink into the earth, causing some of them to disappear for a time, and others to be greatly diminished in the summer season. The banks have generally worn deep channels in the calcareous rocks over which they flow. The precipices formed by the Kentucky are in many places stupendous, presenting perpendicular banks of solid limestone 300 feet high, above which is a steep and difficult ascent several times as high. In the s. w. part of the state, between Green and Cumberland rivers, are several remarkable caves. One called tRe Mammoth cave, 130 miles from Lexington on the road to Nashville, is said to be 8 or 10 miles in length, with many diverging apartments. The earth at the bottom of it is strongly impregnated with nitre, which has been, to a considerable extent, manufactured from it. Wheat, tobacco, and hemp are the staple productions ; but Indian com, rye, oats, barley, buckwheat, flax, and potatoes are extensively cultivated. Apples, pears, peaches, and plums are the most common fruits. Horses, horned cattle, pork, bacon, and lard are extensively exported. In this state there were, in 1840, 395,853 horses and mules ; 787,098 neat cattle ; 1,008,240 sheep ; 2,310,533 swine; poultry to the value of $536,439; there were produced 4,803,152 bushels of wheat ; 17,491 of barley ; 7,155,974 of oats; 1,321,373 of rye ; 8,169 of buckwheat; 39,847,120 of Indian corn; 1,786,817 pounds of wool ; 742 of hops; 33,445 of wax; 1,055,085 bushels of potatoes ; 88,306 tons of hay ; 9,992 of hemp and flax ; 53,430,909 pounds of tobacco ; 16,376 of rice ; 691,4.55 of cotton; 737 of silk cocoons; 1,377,835 of sugar. The products of the dairy amounted to $931,363 ; of the orchard $134,935 ; of lumber $130,329. There were made 2,209 gallons of wine. Among the mineral productions of Kentucky, are iron ore, coal, salt, and lime. The salt licks, as the springs arc called, from the fact that cattle aud wild animals have been fond of licking around them, are numerous, and salt is extensively manufactured, not only for home consumption, but for exportation. The greater part of the exports of this state pass down the Mississippi to New Orleans, and its chief imports arc brought in steamboats through the same river and the Ohio, and other tributaries in tliis state. Tlie winters are mild, being only of 2 or 3 months continuance, but the atmosphere at that season is moist. Spring and autumn are delightful ; and on the whole, the climate is salubrious. The Ohio, by its various windings, borders this state on the n. for 637 miles. Cumberland and Tennessee rivers pass through the w'estem part of this state as they approach their entrance into the Ohio. Cumberland river, also, rises in the eastern part of this state. The Big Sandy is 250 miles long, and, for a considerable distance, forms the boundary between this state and Virginia. It is navigable 50 miles for boats. The Kentucky river rises in the Cumberland mountains, and after a course generally through a deep rocky bed, falls into the Ohio, 77 miles above Louisville. It is navigable by steamboats 60 miles to Frankfort. Licking, Green, and Salt, are other consid- erable rivers. The Mississippi runs on the western border of the state. Louisville, on the Ohio, is much the largest and most commercial place in tlie state. Lexing- ton, the oldest town in the state, is distinguished for its beauty and refinement as well as for its bosiness. Maysville, on the Ohio, and Frankfort, on the Kentucky, are important places. KEN 323 KEN There were in the state, in 1840, 5 commercial and 50 commission houses engaged in foreign trade, with a capital of $620,700 ; 1,685 retail drygoods and other stores, with a cap. of $9,411,826 ; 571 persons employed in the lumber trade, with a capital of $105,925 ; 101 persons employed in in- ternal transportation, who, with 183 butchers, packers, &c., employed a capital of $183,850. The amount of home-made or family manufactures, was $2,622,462; there were 40 woollen manufactories, employing 200 persons, manufacturing articles to the amount of $151,246, with a capital of $138,000 ; 58 cotton manufactories, with 12,358 spindles, employing 523 persons, produc- ing articles to the amount of $329,380, with a capital of $316,113 ; 17 furnaces, producing 29,206 tons of cast iron, and 13 forges, &c., producing 3,637 tons of bar iron, employing 1,108 persons, and a capital of $449,000 ; 27 persons produced 2,125 tons of anthracite coal, with a capital of $14,150 ; 213 persons produced 588,167 tons of bituminous coal, witli a capital of $76,627 ; 291 persons pro- duced 219,695 bushels of salt, with a capital of $163,585 ; 100 persons produced granite and marble to the amount of $19,592, with a capital of $6,212 ; 7 paper mills employed 47 persons, and pro- duced articles to the amount of $44,000, employing a capital of $47,500 ; hats and caps were pro- duced to the amount of $201,310, and straw bonnets to the amount of $4,483, employing 194 persons, with a capital of $118,850; 537 persons manufactured tobacco to the amount of $413,585, with a capital of $230,400 ; 387 tanneries employed 978 persons, and a capital of $567,954 ; 548 other manufactories of leather, as saddleries, &c., produced articles to the amount of $732,646, with a capital of $369,835 ; 1 glass house produced articles to the amount of $3,000, with a capital of $500 ; 16 potteries, employing 51 persons, produced articles to the amount of ,$24,090, with a capital of $9,670; 11 powder mills employed 58 persons, and produced 282,500 pounds of gunpowder, with a capital of $42,000 ; 25 persons produced paints and drugs to the amount of $26,994, and turpentine and varnish to the amount of $2,000, with a capital of $16,630; 28 persons produced confectionery to the amount of $36,050, with a capital of $14,250; 111 rope walks employed 1,888 persons, and produced cordage to the amount of $1,292,276, with a capital of $1,023,130; 6 persons produced musical instruments to the amount of $4,500, with a capital of $5,000 ; 149 persons produced ma- chinery to the amount of $46,074 ; 30 persons produced hardware and cutlery to the amount of $22,350 ; 109 persons produced 2,341 small-arms, with a capital of $19,060 ; 21 persons manufac- tured the precious metals to the amount of $19,060 ; 657 persons produced bricks and lime to the amount of $240,919 ; 516 persons manufactured 2,282,426 pounds of soap, 563,635 do. of tallow can- dles, and 315 pounds of spermaceti or wax candles, with a capital of $28,765 ; 839 distilleries pro- duced 1,763,685 gallons, and 50 breweries produced 214,539 gallons, the whole employing 1,092 persons, and a capital of $315,308 ; 533 persons produced carriages and wagons to the amount of $168,724, with a capital of $79,378 ; 258 flouring mills produced 273,088 barrels of flour, and with other mills employed 2,067 persons, producing articles to the amount of $2,437,937, with a capital of $1,650,689 ; 453 persons manufactured furniture to the amount of $273,350, with a capital of $139,295 ; 485 stone or brick houses, and 1,757 wooden houses employed 2,883 persons, and cost $1,039,172 ; 34 printing offices, 3 binderies, 5 daily, 7 semi-weekly, and 26 weekly newspapers, and 8 periodicals, employed 226 persons, and a capital of $86,325. The whole amount of capital employed in manufactures was $5,945,259. The Transylvania University, at Lexington, was founded in 1798, and is an important institution. Centre College, at Danville, was founded in 1822 ; St. Joseph's College, at Bardstown, (Catholic,) was founded in 1819; Augusta College, at Augusta, (Methodist,) was founded in 1825; Cumber- land College, at Princetown, was founded in 1825 ; Georgetown College, at Georgetown, (Baptist,) was founded in 1829 ; Bacon College, at Harrodsburg, was founded in 1836 ; St. Mary's College, Marion county, (Catholic,) was founded in 1837. There is a flourishing medical department con- nected with the Transylvania University, and a medical institution at Louisville. In these institu- tions there were, in 1840, 1,419 students. There were in the state 116 academies and grammar schools, with 4,906 students; 952 common and primary schools, with 24,641 scholars; and 40,010 free white persons, over 20 years of age, who could neither read nor WTite. In 1836, the Baptists, the most numerous denomination, had 500 churches, about 300 ministers, and 35,000 communicants ; the Methodists 100 travelling preachers, and 31,369 communicants ; the Presbyterians 120 churches and 8 or 10,000 communicants ; the Episcopalians 1 bishop and 13 ministers ; the Roman Catholics, 1 bishop and 34 ministers. There is also a considerable num- ber of Cumberland Presbyterians, Reformed Baptists, 2 societies of Shakers, and 1 of Unitarians. At the commencement of 1840, this state had 14 banks and branches, with an aggregate capital of $7,789,003, and a circulation of $3,476,367. At the close of 1840, the state debt amounted to $4,665,000. The first constitution was formed in 1790, and the present one in 1799. The governor is elected for 4 years by the people, and is ineligible for the next seven. A lieutenant-governor is chosen at the same time, who is president of the senate, and who, in case of the death or absence of the governor, succeeds to his duties. The senators are elected for 4 years, one quarter of them being chosen annually. Their number cannot exceed 38 nor be less than 24. The representatives are KEY 324 KIL chosen annually, and apportioned every 4 years among the counties according to the number of electors. Every free white male citizen who is 21 years of age, and has resided 2 years in the state, or county in which he offers his vote, one year next preceding the election, has the right of suf- frage. Votes are given openly, or viva voce, and not by ballot. The judges of the several courts hold their offices during good behavior. A short but most important work of internal improvement is the Louisville and Portland canal, 2h miles long, around the rapids in the Ohio river at Louisville. It admits steamboats of the largest class, is excavated 10 feet deep, in solid limestone, and cost $730,000. The navigation of Ken- tucky, Licking, and Green rivers, has been extensively improved by dams and locks. The Lex- ington and Ohio railroad extends from Lexington to Frankfort, and is intended to be continued to Louisville. Several other railroads have been projected. Thi.s state was first explored by Daniel Boone, an enterprising hunter, in 1770. The first white family settled near Lexington in 1775. The first settlers were greatly annoyed by the Indians, until Gen. Clark took their posts and broke up their haunts, in 1778. This state originally belonged to Virginia, and in 1782, was erected into a separate district by the name of Kentucky. In 1789 it was separated from Virginia, and in 1792 was admitted into the Union. Kentuck YviLLE, p-v., Susquehanuah co., Pa., 174 N. E. by N. Harrisburg, 278 VV. Keokuck, p-v., Lee co., Iowa. Situated on the w. side of Mississippi r., at the foot of the lower Situated on the n. w. end of an island of the same name, otherwise called Thompson's island, 4 ms. long and 1 wide, one of the Florida keys. It has a fine harbor, admitting vessels requiring rapids. It is laid out on a mile square, and has 27 feet of water, and capable of being well forti- about 150 or 200 inhabitants. Kepner's, p-o., Schuylkill co., Pa., 73 N. e. Harrisburg, 183 W. Kernersville, p-o., Stokes co., N. C, 98 w. N. VV. Raleigh, 309 W. Kern'.s 3Iills, p-o., Lehigh co.. Pa., 88 e. n. E. Harrisburg, 181 W. Kernsville, p-v., Moore t., Northampton co.. Pa., 105 E. N. E. Harrisburg, 198 W. It has 1 store, a grist m., a tannery, and 4 or 5 dwellings. Ker.sev's, p-o., Clearfield co., Pa., 150 n. w. Harrisburg, 242 W. Kershaw, district, S. C. Situated a little n. E. of the centre of the state, and contains 792 sq. ms. Drained by Wateree r. and its branches, and by Lynch and Little Lynch creeks and branches. The river lands are remarkable for their fertility ; the uplands are sandy, but fertile when cultivated. Capital, Camden. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,494, sheep 15,984, swine 2,004 ; wheat 4,744 bush, produced, Ind. corn 160,300, oats 11,525, potatoes 10,080, cotton 14,475 pounds; 29 stores, cap. $21,600; 1 cotton fic. 120 sp., 4 tanneries, 8 flouring m., 34 grist m., 10 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspa- per. Cap. in manufac. $123,700. 3 acad. 127 students, 13 sc'h. 304 scholars. Pop. whites 3,988, .'slaves 8,043, free col'd 250; total, 12,281. Keskk.vitko, county, Mich., in the n. part of the state, and e. side of Lake Michigan, and Lit- tle Traverse bay. Ketcham's Corners, p-o., Stillwater t., Sara- toga CO., N. Y. Ketch's Mills, p-o., Hartford co., Ct., 14 Hartford, 3.50 W. Kewaunee, p-v., Milwaukee co.. Wis., 72 e. Madison, 813 W. Kevport, p-v., Middletowu t., Monmouth co., N. J., 46 E. by N. Trenton, 813 W. Kevsburg, p-v., lA)gan co., Ky., 194 s. w. Frankfort, 721 W. Kevsburg, p-v.. Pike co., Dl., 77 w. by s. Springfield, 857 W. Kevserville, p-o., Livingston co., N. Y. Kev.svii,le, p-v., Charlotte co., Va., 93 s. w. by w. Richmond, 183 W. Kevtesville, p-v., capital of Chariton co.. Mo., 91 N. w. Jefferson city, 985 W. Situated 2 ms. w. of the Grand Chariton r., and 15 ms. n. from its entrance into the Missouri r. It has a court house, jail, and 200 inhabitants. Kev West, p-v., capital of 3Ionroe co., Flor. fied. It may become the key to the Gulf of Mexico, as the passage here is safer, and 90 ms. nearer than round the Tortugas, and has 9 feet of water. It was incorporated in 1829, and con- tains a court house, jail, 1 Episcopal church, 22 stores and groceries, 2 large warehouses, 110 dwellings, and about 500 inhabitants. It is finely situated for a naval station. It has a light house. Sixteen or 17,000 bushels of salt are manufactur- ed annually by solar evaporation. The thermo- meter ranges from 50° to 90° of Fahrenheit. The whole island lies on a bed of hmestone, about 1 foot beneath the surface. Wells are dug into the rock, to the level of the sea, which afford fresh water, but rain water is chiefly used. The inhabitants are principally employed as " wreck- ers." About 15 vessels are wrecked annually, on the Florida reef, and these persons are em- ployed in saving the property, and receive, on an average, about $77,000 annually. Kezar Falls, p-o., York co.. Me., 80 s. w. Ann:usta, 547 W. KiAMisHi, r., Indian ter., rises in Arkansas, and enters Red r. 6 ms. below Fort Towson. Kidron, p-v., Coweta co., Ga., 96 w. by n. Milledgeville, 700 W. KiDP>ON, p-v., Cherokee nation, Indian ter. (See Dwight.) KiLBOURN, p-o., Delaware co., O., 29 n. Co- lumbus, 413 W. KiLGORE, p-o., Carroll co., C, 118 e. n. e. Columbus, 289 W. Kilkenny, p-t., Coos co., N. H., 106 n. Con- cord, 575 W. Chartered in 1744, but being a mountainous region, with little land that invites cultivation, it has been little settled. The wild animals of the forest hold the cliief possession. It has 1 sch. 10 scholars. Pop. 19. Killbuck, p-o., Great Valley t., Cattaraugus CO., N. Y. Killbuck, p-t.. Holmes co., 0., 80 n. e. Co- lumbus, 350 W. Situated on Killbuck or. It has 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 grist ra., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,235. Pop. 910. Killiam's Mills, p-o., Lincoln co., N. C, 177 w. by s. Raleigh, 414 W. Killingly, p-t., Windham co., Ct., 47 e. Hart- ford, 378 W. The surface is uneven and rough, but the soil on the streams is fertile, and other- wise adapted to grazing. Watered by Quinne- baug r. and its branches, which afford extensive water power. It has 3 fine villages all in sight KIN 325 KIN of each other. The t. was chartered in 1709. It has 22 stores, cap. $56,100; 1 furnace, 1 wool- len fac, 16 cotton fac. 21,998 sp., 1 tannery, 8 grist m., 1 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $404,950. 1 acad. 100 students, 20 sch. 996 scholars. Pop. 3,6S5. KiLLiNGWORTH, p-t., Middlesex co., Ct., 49 s. by E. Hartford, 326 W. Situated on Long Isl- and sound. The surface is level on the s., but more uneven and rough on the n. ; soil, sandy and gravelly loam. It has a good harbor for small vessels. Drained by Hammonasset and Menuketesuck rivers. It has 3 stores, capital $1,900; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 6 s^w m. Cap. in manufac. $4,050. 7 sch. 171 scholars. Pop. 1,130. KiLMAR.vocK, p-t., Piscataquis co.. Me., 104 n. E. Augusta, 701 W. Watered by Piscataquis r. and a tributary, the outlet of Otter pond. It has 1 tannery, 1 saw m., 5 sch. 122 scholars. Pop. 319. Kilmarnock, p-v., Lancaster co., Va., 90 e. Richmond, 150 W. Situated on Chesapeake bay, at the mouth of a small cr. It contains 4 churches — 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 2 Method- ist — 3 stores, and about 140 inhabitants. KiLLiNGTON Peak, Vt., a summit of the Green Mountains in the s. part of Sherburne t., 2,924 feet above tidewater. KiMBERTON, p-v., E. Pikeland t., Chester co., Pa., 75 E. s. E. Harrisburg, 153 W. It contains a store, a boarding school, and 5 or 6 dwellings. KiMBOLTON, p-v., Guernsey co., O., 88 e. Co- lumbus, 327 VV. KiMULGA, p-0., Shelby co., Ala., 97 e. Tusca- loo.sa, 769 W. Kimble, t., Athens co., O. It has 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. ,$1..500. Pop. 762. KiNCAN.No.v's Ferry, p-o., Meigs co., Tenn. KiNDERHOOK, county. Mo. Situated a little s. w. of the centre of the state, and contains 520 sq. ms. Drained by a branch of Osage r., wliich runs on its n. boundary. Capital, Oregon. KiNDERHOOK, p-t., Columbia co., N. V., 19 s. Albany, 351 W. The surface is diversified ; soil, a fertile sandy loam and clay, well cultivated. Drained by Kinderhook cr. The v. is situated on a plain '5 ms. e. of Hud.son r., and contains 2 churches — 1 Dutch Reformed and 1 Baptist — a bank, an academy, 14 stores, a printing office, 200 dwelling.s, and about 1,400 inhabitants. There are in the t. 23 stores, cap. $53,800 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 printing office, 1 weekly news- paper, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $194,700. 2 acad. 314 students. 11 sch. 732 scholars. Pop. 3,512. KiNDERHOOK, cr., rises in Rensselaer co., and enters Hudson r. near Columbiaville, in Colum- bia CO. It affords extensive water power. KiNDERHOOK, p-o., Warren co., N. C. KiNDERHOOK, p-v.. Pike CO., 111., 84 w. by s. Springfield, 861 W. KiNDERHOOK, p-o., Gasconade co., Mo., 38 s. E. Jefferson city, 960 W. KiNDERHOOK, p-o.. Van Buren co., Ark., 120 N. Little Rock, 1,096 W. KiNDERHAMACK, p-0., Bergen co., N. J., 81 n. K. Trenton, 247 W. King and Queen, county, Va. Situated in the E. part of the state, and contains 335 sq. ms. It Ues between Piankatank r. on the n. e., and Mattapony r. on the s. w., branches of York r. Capital, King and Queen C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,202 ; rye 2,662 bush, produced, Ind. corn 343,384, oats 36,212, potatoes 13,525, to- bacco 8,120 pounds, cotton 42,275 ; 6 stores, cap. $21,500 ; 1 tannery, 4 flouring m., 25 grist ra., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $60,266. 14 acad. 252 students, 13 sch. 2;:)6 scholars. Pop. whites 4,426, slaves 5,937, free col'd 499 ; total, 10,862. King and Queen C. H., p-v., capital of King and Queen co., Va., 53 e. n. e. Richmond, 141 W. Situated on a plain three quarters of a mile from Mattapony r., and contains a court house, jail, 2 stores, 1 flouring m., and 1 grist m. in the vicinity, and 60 inhabitants, of whom 40 are col- ored. King Creek, p-o , Barnwell dist., S. C, 147 Columbia, 613 W. Kingfield, p-t., Franklin co.. Me., 59 n. n. w. Augusta, 648 W. Watered by Seven Mile r., a branch of the Kennebec r. It has 3 stores, cap. $2,500 ; 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $300. 9 sch. 270 scholars. Pop. 671. King George, county, Va. Situated toward the E. part of the state, and contains 254 sq. ms. It has the Potomac r. on its n. e., and the Rappa- hannock on its s. w. border. The surface is hilly ; soil, various. Organized in 1720. Capi- tal, King George C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,548, sheep 4,623, swine 6,689; wheat 37,606 bush, prod., rye 3,629, Ind. corn 254,270, oats 36,697, potatoes 5,902, tobacco 22,913 pounds, cotton 4,165; 6 stores, cap. $21,500; 11 grist m., 3 saw m., 5 acad. 37 students, 10 sch. 152 schol- ars. Pop. whites 2,269, slaves 3,382, free col'd 276 ; total, 5,927. King George C. H., p-v., capital of King George co., Va., 82 n. n. e. Richmond, 76 W. It contains a court house, jail, 1 store, 15 dwellings, and about 60 inhabitants. King of Prussia, p-o., Montgomery co.. Pa., 85 e. Harrisburg, 155 W. Kingsborough, p-v., Johnstown t., Fulton co., N. Y., 50 N. w. Albany, 414 W. It contains 1 church, 1 high school, 2 stores, 40 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Kings, county, N. Y. Situated on the w. end of Long Island, and contains 76 sq. ms. Organ- ized in 1683. The surface is level, with a range of hills through the centre from e. to w. The soil is a sandy loam, highly cultivated, extensively producing vegetables for the New York market It has Gravesend and Jamaica bays on the s. part Coney island, on the s., is a famous place for sea- bathing. The Long Island railroad commences at Brooklyn, and crosses the co. Capital, Brook- lyn. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,978, sheep 48, swine 8,360; wheat 24,964 bush, produced, rye 8,537, Ind. corn 81,824, buckwheat 3,93.5, oats 72,460, potatoes 95,805 ; 5 commercial and com. houses in foreign trade, cap. $109,500 ; 209 stores, cap. $515,800; 6 lumber yards, cap. $77,000; cap. invested in manufacture of drugs, paints, &c., $322,000 ; 1 tannery, 9 distilleries, 1 brew- ery, 14 rope fac, 5 printing offices, 2 binderies, 1 periodical, 1 daily, 4 weekly, 1 semi-weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $1,806,950. 23 acad. 1,398 students, 53 sch. 5,280 scholars. Pop. 47,613. King's Bridge, p-v., New York co., N. Y., 13 N. of City Hall, IN. Y., 136 s. Albany, 238 W. Situated near a bridge cro.ssing the Spuyten Duy- vel creek, at the n. end of New York or Manhat- tan Lsland. Kingsbury, p-t., Piscataquis co.. Me. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw ra., 3 sch. 95 scholars. Pop. 227. Kingsbury, p-t., Washington co., N. Y., 58 n. Albany, 428 W. The surface is generally level ; soil, sand, sandy loam, and clay. Hudson r. runs on its s. w. border. Drained by a branch of Wood cr. The v. contains 1 cluu'ch, 2 stores, and 15 or 20 dwellings. The v. of Sandy Hill, the half-shire of the Co., is in tliis t. It has 14 KIN 326 KIN stores, cap. S'^'^,2^'1*; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen lac, 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 1 bindery, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $17,825. 3 acad. 164 students, 16 sch. 859 scholars. Pop. 2,773. Kingsbury, p-o., La Porte co., la., 145 n. by w. Indianapolis, 660 W. KiNGSEssiNG, p-t., Philadelphia co.. Pa., 7 s. w. Philadelphia, 98 e. by s. Harrisburg, 134 W. The surface is level ; soil, alluvial. Delaware r. bounds it on the s. E., in which are several islands belonging to it. Schuylkill r. runs on its e. bor- der, and Darby cr. on the w. Mud island, in the Delaware, was the site of Fort Mifflin, which, in 1777, made an obstinate and protracted defence against the British. On the bank of the Schuyl- kdl is a fine botanical garden, originally founded by Bartram, the celebrated naturalist. It has 6 stores, cap. $6,600 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $2,000 ; 2sawm. Cap. in manufac. $10,900. Pop. 1,339. King's Ferry, p-v., Genoa t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 173 w. Albany, 315 W. It contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 steam grist m., and about 30 dwellings. King's Ferry, p-o., Monongalia co., Va., 282 N. w. Richmond, 206 W. King's Gap, p-o., Harris co., Ga., 118 w. Mil- ledgeville, 736 W. Kingsley's, p-o., Crawford co., Pa., 243 n. w. by w. Harrisburg, 324 W. King's Mills, p-o., Montgomery co., Mo., 62 N. E. Jefferson city, 877 W. King's Mountain, p-o., Cleveland co., N. C, 200 w. by s. Raleigh, 437 W. Tlie moiuitain was the scene of a Revolutionary battle in 1780. Kingsport, p-v., Sullivan co., Tenn., 273 e. by N. Nashville, 409 W. Situated on the point, above the junction of the n. and s. forks of Holston r. It contains several stores and dwellings. King's River, p-o., Carroll co., Ark., 190 n. w. by N. Little Rock, 1,168 W. King's Settlement, p-o., Norwich t., Che- nango CO., N. Y., 106 w. Albany, 342 W. Kingston, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H., 33 s. s. E. Concord, 471 W. The surface is moderate- ly uneven ; soil, loam. Chartered in 1694. It has 2 considerable ponds, the outlets of which unite and How into the Merrimac. It has 6 stores, cap. $6,500 ; 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 3 saw m., 6 sell. 452 scholars. Pop. 1,032. Kingston, p-t., Plymouth co., Mass., 34 Bos- ton, 443 W. Situated on a branch of Plymouth harbor, and has a good harbor, into which Jones r., a considerable stream, enters. The surface is level ; soil, thin and barren. This place has a considerable number of vessels engaged in the cod and mackerel fisheries. The v. on Jones r. coniauis 3 churches — 1 Congregalionalist, 1 Uni- tarian, and 1 Baptist — and 50 dwellings, many of them neat and handsome. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. $8,800 ; 4 commercial houses, cap. $97,500 ; 1 cotton fac. 900 sp., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufuc. $46,600. 7 sch. 266 scholars. Pop. 1,440. Kingston, p-v.. South Kingston t., Washington CO., R. I., 32 s. by w. Providence, 391 W. It contains a court house, a Congregational church, and several dwellings. Kingston, p-t., capital, LTlster co., N. Y., 57 s. by w. Albany, 316 VV. The surface is rolling ; soil, sandy loam, and fertile. Hudson r. bounds it on the e. Watered by Esopus cr. Rondout cr. runs on its s. e. border. The v. is pleasantly situated on Esopiis cr., 3 ms. w. of the Hudson r. incorporated in 1805. It contains a court house, jail, 4 churches — 1 Dutch Reformed, 1 Episco- pal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — an academy, a feraale seminary, a bank, 40 stores and groceries, 2 printing offices, 1 iron foundry, 2 tobacco fac, 2 carriage fac, 3 leather fac, 30!o dweUings, and about 2,300 inhabitants. There are in the t. 40 stores, cap. $150,000; 3 commission houses, cap. $14,000; 4 lumber yards, cap. $10,000; 1 wool- len fac, 3 tanneries, 3 printing offices, 1 bindery, 3 weekly newspapers, 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $37,140. 10 sch. 941 scholars. Pop. 5,824. Kingston, p-v., Middlesex co., N. J., 14 n. e. Trenton, 180 W. It lies partly also in Somerset CO., midway between Philadelphia and New York, on Millstone r. It contains a Presbyte- rian church, an academy, 4 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 woollen fac, and about 45 dwellings. The Delaware and Raritan canal passes through it, with a lock at this place. Kingston, p-t., Luzerne co., Pa., 127 n. e. Harrisburg, 232 W. Susquehanna r. bounds it on the s. e. The surface is uneven, and the soil fertile. The v., formerly called Wyoming, is in the s. part of the t., and contains 1 church, sev- eral stores, and about 60 dwellings. There are in the t. 8 stores, cap. $43,000; 3 fulling m., 1 furnace, 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 1 powder m., 1 paper fac, 6 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $56,500. 8 sch. 411 scholars. Pop. 2,004. Kingston, p-v., Somerset co., Md., 118 s. e. by s. Annapolis, 158 W. Kingston, p-v., Greene t., Ross co., O., 55 s. Columbus, 400 W. It contains a brick church, 5 stores, 60 dwellings, and about 350 inhabitants. Kingston, t., Delaware co., O. It has 6 sch. 137 scholars. Pop. 657. Kingston, p-v., capital, Roane co., Tenn., 143 E. by s. Nashville, 538 W. Situated on the point formed by the junction of the Clinch and Ten- nessee rivers, and contains a court house, jail, a church, 8 stores, and 500 inhabitants. Kingston, p-v., De Kalb co.. 111., 218 N. N. e. Springfield, 789 W. Kingston, p-v., Adams co.. Miss., 119 s. w. Jackson, 1,129 W. It has 1 church, 3 stores, and several dwellings. Kingston, p-v., capital of Autauga co., Ala., 86 Tuscaloosa, 826 W. Situated on the w. side of Autauga cr., and contains a court house and a few dwellings. Kingston, p-v., capital of Lenoir co., N. C, 80 s. E. by E. Raleigh, 308 W. Situated on the N. side of the Neuse r. It conUtins a court house, jail, and several stores and dwellings. Kingstree, p-v., Williamsburg dist., S. C, 105 E. s. E. Columbia, 439 W. Situated on Black r. Ki.n'gsville, p-o., Armstrong co.. Pa. Kingsville, p-t., Ashtabula co., O., 213 n. e. Columbus, 348 W. Pop. 1,418. King William, county, Va. Situated toward the E. part of the state, and contains 270 sq. ms. It lies between the Mattapony r., on the n. e., and Pamunky r., on the s. w., by branches of which it is watered. Capital, Kuig WiUiam C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,441, sheep 4,977, swine 12,727; wheat 58,834 bushels pro- duced, rye 5,870, Indian corn 350,370, oats 45,149, potatoes 17,436, tobacco 11,171 pounds, cotton 56,622 ; 9 stores, cap. $54,300 ; 1 tannery, 6 flour- ing m., 17 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $51,275. 12 acad. 281 students, 5 sch. 68 schol- ars. Pop. whites 3,150, slaves 5,780, free col'd 338 ; total, 9,258. King William, C. H., p-v., capital. King Wil- liam CO., Va., 38 N. E. by e. Richmond, 126 W. It has a court house, clerk's office, and 2 jails, all of brick, and handsomely enclosed with an iron railing, and shaded by a grove of locust trees ; 1 store, 10 dwellings, and about 75 inhabitants. KIS 327 KNO KiNGWooD, p-t., Hunterdon co., N. J., 29 n. w. Trenton, 186 W. The surface is hilly and roll- ing ; soil, red shale, clay, and loam, and fertile. JDrained by Loakatong cr. It contains several villages. It has 8 stores, cap. $17,500; 3 distil- leries, 6 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $12,075. 6 sch. 157 scholars. Pop. 2,947. KiNGWOoD, p-v., capital of Preston co., Va., 284 N. w. Richmond, 207 W. Situated on ele- vated ground, 2 ms. w. of Cheat r. It contains a court house, jail, 3 stores, 1 tannery, 30 dwell- ings, and 180 inhabitants. KiNNicoNicK, p-c, Lewis co., Ky., 121 n. e. Frankfort, 455 W. Kinney's Four. Corners, p-o., Hannibal t., Oswego CO., N. Y., 174 w. n. w. Albany, 365 W. KiNSALE, p-o., Westmoreland co., Va., 83 n. e. Richmond, 142 W. Ki.nsman, p-t., Trumbull co., O., 193 n. e. Co- lumbus, 309 W. It has 6 sch. 340 scholars. Pop. 953. KiNZUA, p-v., Warren co., Pa., 223 n. w. Har- risburg, 307 W. It has 1 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $38,600. 3 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 237. KiRBY, t., Caledonia co., Vt., 36 n. e. Montpe- lier, 14 n. e. Danville. The surface is mountain- ous ; soil, wet and cold. Moose r., a branch of Pasumsic r., crosses the s. corner of the t. It has 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,100. 8 sch. 179 scholars. Pop. 520. KiRBY, p-o., Greene co., Pa., 231 w. by s. Har- risburg, 234 W. KiRKERSviLLE, p-v., Harrfson t.. Licking co., O., 22 E. Columbus, 371 W. It contains 3 stores, 20 dwellings, and about 179 inhabitants. It has 1 sch. 65 scholars. KiRKLAND, p-t., Penobscot co., Me., 84 n. e. Augusta, 679 W. Watered by streams which flow into Pushaw lake. It has 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,000. 5 sch. 146 schol- ars. Pop. 351. KiRKLAND, p-t., Oneida co., N. Y., 100 w. n. W. Albany, 336 W. The surface is diversified ; soil, a fertile calcareous loam. Watered by Oris- kany cr. It has 12 stores, cap. $67,000 ; 4 full- ing m., 1 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 3,000 sp., 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $216,305. 2 colleges 190 students, 1 academy 50 students, 15 sch. 718 scholars. Pop. 2,984. KiRKLAND, p-o., Cabarras co., N. C, 147 n. by w. Raleigh, 3-i4 W. Kirk's (^ros.s Roads, p-o., Clinton co., la., 32 w. N. w. Indianapolis, 590 W. KiRKSEv's Cross Roads, p-o., Edgefield dist., S. C, 72 w. Columbia, 535 W. Kirk's Mills, p-o., Lancaster co.. Pa., 61 e. by s. Harrisburg, 90 W. Kirkville, p-v., Manlius t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 130 w. by N. Albany, 353 W. It contains 2 stores, 25 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. KiRKSviLLE, p-v., Butler co., Ala., 141 s. s. e. Tuscaloosa, 872 W. KiRKWOOD, t., Belmont co., O. The national road passes through its s. e. comer. It has 2 sch. 38 scholars. Pop. 2,279. Kirtland, p-t.. Lake co., O., 167 n. e. by n. Columbus, 353 W. Here the Mormons first set- tled, and built a great temple, which, since their departure, has been converted into a seminary for the preparation of school-teachers, and is a highly respectable institution. It has 3 stores, cap. $3,500 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,300. 1 acad. 165 students, 18 sch. 807 scholars. Pop. 1,778. KisHAcoauiLLAs, p-o., Mifflin co., Pa., 67 n. w. Harrisburg, 159 W. Kishwaukie, p-v., Winnebago co.. 111., 197 n. by E. Springfield, 810 W. Ki.skiminetas, p-t., Armstrong co.. Pa., 187 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 211 W. It has Connemaugh r. on its s. w. border. It lies on the Kiskiminetas, or Connemaugh r. Salt is found. The Penn- sylvania canal passes through a part of the t. It has 9 stores, cap. $19,900; 1 fulling m., 3 tanner- ies, 2 distilleries, 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,340. 13 sch. 370 scholars. Pop. 2,287. KiTCHAFOONA, p-o., Marion co., Ga. Kittaning, p-b., capital of Armstrong co.. Pa., 182 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 236 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, a fertile gravelly loam. The bor- ough is situated on the Alleghany r. It has a court house, stone jail, public offices, of brick, 2 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 common to German Reformed and Lutherans — an academy, 10 stores, 3 tanneries, 100 dwellings, aud about 600 inhabit- ants. There are in the t. 13 stores, cap. $43,300 ; 2 tanneries, 1 pottery, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $6,050. 1 acad. 140 scholars. Pop. 702. Kittaning, p-t., Armstrong co., Pa. The sur- face is hilly ; soil, a fertile gravelly loam. It has 1 tannery, 6 distilleries, 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,170. Pop. 1,323. KiTTATiNNY, mountains, a branch of the Alle- gany, extend through the n. part of N. J., cross the Delaware r. at the Delaware Water Gap,pas8 through Pennsylvania and the w. part of iVIary- land into Virginia. KiTTERY, p-t., York CO., Me., 100 s. w. Au- gusta, 497 W. Situated on the n. e. bankofPis- cataqua r. The Atlantic ocean lies on its E. and s. border. A bridge connects it with Portsmouth. It has a good harbor for small vessels. It con- tains 7 stores, cap. $2,575 ; 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,100. 11 sch. 644 scholars. Pop. 2,435. Klecknersville, p-o., Northampton co.. Pa., 104 E. N. E. Harrisburg, 197 W. Kline's Mills, p-o., Somerset co., N. J., 39 n. Trenton, 214 W. Klinesville, p-o., Hunterdon co., N. J. Klinesville, p-o., Berks co., Pa., 73 e. by N. Harrisburg, 165 W. Knap of Reeds, p-o., GranvUle co., N. C, 35 N. Raleigh, 277 W. Knightstown, p-v., Henry co., la., 33 e. In- dianapolis, 543 W. It is situated on a high bluff", on the w. side of Blue r., and on the national road. Pop. 467. Knottsville, p-v., Monongalia co., Va., 266 N. w. Richmond, 190 W. Knottsville, p-v., Daviess co., Ky., 149 w. s. w. Frankfort, 691 W. Knowersville, p-o., Albany co., N. Y., 16 w. Albany, 3S6 W. Knowlesville, p-v., Ridgeway t., Orleans CO., N Y., 256 w. by n. Albany, 398 W. Sit- uated on the Erie canal, and contains 3 churches, 7 stores, 6 warehouses, 1 tannery, 70 dwellings, and about 450 inhabitants. Knowlton, p-t., Warren co., N. J., 66 n. by w. Trenton, 224 W. Blue mountain lies on its N. boundary, where is the celebrated Water Gap. The surface is hilly ; soil, slaty on the hills, and calcareous loam in the valleys. Drained by Pau- lin's kill, Beaver brook, and Shawpocussing cr. The v., on Paulin's kill, contains 1 store, 1 large grist m., 1 clover m., and 8 or 10 dwellings. There are in the t., 7 grist m. Cap. in manufactures, $33,375. 16 sch. 769 scholars. Pop. 2,307. Knox, county, Tenn. Situated centrally in the E. part of the state, and contains 864 sq. ms. KNO 328 KOR Watered by Holston and French Broad rivers, which unite in this county, and form Tennessee r., and by Beaver or., a braiicii of Clinch r. The surliice is mountainous, excepting on the streams, where the soil is very fertile. Capital, Knoxville. There were in 1840, neat cattle ]3,'^76, sheep 11,601, swine 3G,952; wheat 101,491 bush, pro- duced, rye 2,940, Ind. corn 716,16R, oats 83,229, potatoes 18,050, tobacco 18,679 pounds, cotton 19,781, sugar 8,490; 3 commission houses, cap. 8115,000; 32 stores, cap. $194,800; 2 forges, 1 fulling m., 11 tanneries, 41 distilleries, 1 pottery, 19 flouring m., 41 grist m., 35 saw m., 2 oil m., 1 pa- fier fiic, 3 printing offices, 4 weekly, 1 semi-week- y, and 1 periodical newspapers. Cap. in manu- fac. $111,250. 1 college, 100 students, 2 acad. 112 students, 3 sch. 69 scholars. Pop. whites 13,378, slaves 1,934, free colored 173; total, 15,485. Knox, county, Ky. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and contains 495 sq. ms. Watered by Cumberland r., which passes through the cen- tre, and its branches. Capital, Barbourville. There were in 1840,neat cattle 6,384, sheep 5,718, swine 17,911 ; wheat 7,873 bush, produced, rye 2,530, Ind. corn 263,141, oats 56,231, potatoes 11,176, tobacco 9,355 pounds, cotton 3,618, sugar 10,056 ; 9 stores, cap. $22,900 ; 1 tannery, 26 dis- tilleries, 1 flouring m., 7 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $22,526. 3 sch. 76 scholars. Pop. whites 5,022, slaves 536, free col'd 164; total, 5,722. K.\ox, county, O. Situated near the centre of the state, and contains 618 sq. ms. It is uneven on the E., level on the w. The soil in the e. is moderately good ; in the w. a rich vegetable mold. VVatered by Vernon r. and its tributa- ries, which aflTord abundant water power. Cap- ital, Mount Vernon. There were in 1840, neat cattle 27,772, sheep 56,799, swine 44,421 ; wheat 521,217 bush, produced, rye 14,895, Ind. corn 518,295, buckwheat 23,576, barley 1,052, oats 439,069, potatoes 80,027, tobacco 119,459 pounds, sugar 233,284 ; 56 stores, cap. ,$117,450 ; 3 fulling m., 20 tanneries, 6 distilleries, 1 brewery, 1 potte- ry, 4 flouring m., 33 grist m., 57 saw m., 29 oil m., 3 printing offices, 3 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manuiac. $232,925. 1 college, 130 students, 2 acad. 57 students, 162 sch. 6,097 scholars. Pop. 29,579. Knox, county, la. Situated toward the s. w. part of the state, and contains 510 sq. ms. Or- ganized in 1802. \\'al)ash r. runs on its w. bor- der. While r. on its s. border, and the w. fork of White r. on its e. border. The surface is cov- ered with timber and prairie, mostly with the for- mer. The soil is very productive. Capital, Vin- cennes. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,806, sheep 10,106, swine 35,295; wheat 51,679 bush, produced, rye 601, Ind. corn 668.283, oats 124,216, potatoes 16,654, tobacco 22,113 pounds, sugar 37,601 ; 49 stores, cap. ,$228,800 ; 1 cotton fac. 1,056 sp., 6 tiinneries, 2 distilleries, 1 brev*ery, 2 potteries, 2 flouring m., 10 grist m., 16 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $92,748. 3 acad. 108 students, 28 sch. 829 scholars. Pop. 10,657. Knox, county. III. Situated toward the N. w. part of the state, and contains 792 sq. ms. Or- ganized in 1830, but formed in 1825. Watered by Henderson and Spoon rivers, and their tribu- taries. There are extensive prairies, with timber on the streams; soil, fertile. Capital, Knoxville. There were in 1840, neat ("Utie 7,586, sheep 6,907, swine 28,854 ; wheat 65,078 bush, produced, Ind. corn 386,797, oats 123,910, potatoes 29,762; 16 stores, cap. $78,000 ; 4 distilleries, 2 flouring m.. 4 grist m., 15 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $38,400. 1 college, 1 acad. 75 students, 18 sch. 489 schol- ars. Pop. 7,060. Knox, p-t., Waldo co.. Me., 35 n. e. by e. Au- gusta, 630 W. The soil is fertile and well culti- vated. Incorporated in 1819. Cap. in manufac. $1,250. Pop. 897. Knox, p-t., Albany co., N. Y., 21 w. Albany, 391 W. The surface is hilly and rough ; soil, generally fertile. Drained by Bozra kill and a tributary of Foxes cr. The v., called Knoxville, contains 1 Presbyterian church, an academy, 2 stores, 1 tannery, 25 dwellings, and about 150 in- habitants. There are in the t., 6 stores, capital $10,800 ; 4 tanneries, 1 grist m., 18 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,575. 1 acad. 21 students, 13 sen. 686 scholars. Pop. 2,143. Knox, p-o., Middlebury t., Knox co., O., 62 n N. E. Columbus, 387 W. Kno.x, t., Columbiana co., O. Watered by the head branches of Mahoning cr. Knox, t., Guernsey co., O. Pop. 538. Knox, t., Holmes co., O. It has 9 stores, cap. $71,630 ; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 saw m., 1 oil in. Cap. in manufac. $3,075. 1 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 1,180. Knox, t., JeflTerson co., O. Pop. 1,529. Knox Centre, p-o., Knox t., Waldo county, Me. Knoxville, p-o., Tioga co.. Pa., 162 n. Har- risburg, 276 W. Knoxville, p-v., Frederick co., Md., 91 n. w. Annapolis, 59 W. Knoxville, p-v., Knox t., Jefferson co., O., 141 E. by N. Columbus, 275 W. Situated 4 ms. from Ohio r., and contains 1 church, 4 stores, 1 stone flouring m., 40 dwellings, and 200 inhabit- ants. Knoxville, p-v., capital of Crawford co., Ga., 55 s. w. by w. Milledgeville, 711 W. Situated 4 ms. e. Flint r. It has a court house, jail, an academy, and 20 dwellings. Knoxville, p-o., Greene co., Ala., 26 s. w. Tuscaloosa, 844 W. Knoxville, p-v., city, and capital of Knox co., Tenn., 183 e. by s. Nashville, 498 W. Situated on the N. bank of Holston r., 4 ms. below the junction of French Broad r., at the head of steam- boat navigation. It contains a fine court house, a jail, 3 churches — 2 Presbyterian and 1 Method- ist — 2 academics, 1 male and 1 female, 5 whole- sale and 9 retail stores, about 200 dwellings, and 1,500 inhabitants. The place is regularly laid out, and handsomely built. Much of the Hiwas- see railroad, extending from this place through Athens and Augusta to Charleston, S. C, is gra- ded. East Tennessee College is located here, was founded in 1807, has a president and 4 pro- fessors or other instructors, 56 students, and 3,307 vols, in its libraries. Including a primary de- partment, it has generally from 130 to 150 stu- dents. The commencement is on the first Wednesday in August. Knoxville, p-v., Knox co., la., 138 s. w. In- dianapolis, 703 W. Knoxville, p-v., capital of Knox co.. III., 100 w. N. w. Springfield, 829 W. Situated on an ele- vated and rich prairie, near Haw cr. Organized in 18.32, and contains a courthouse, 40 dwellings, and 250 inhabitants. Knoxville, p-v., Ray co.. Mo., 156 w. n. w. JeflTerson city, 1,059 W. Kortright, p-t., Delaware co., N. Y., 15 n. Delhi, 69 w. s. w. Albany. 365 W. The surface is hilly or mountainous ; soil, fertile loam, adapted to grass. Drained by Delaware r. and its tribu- taries. It has 3 stores, cap. $15,000; 2 fulling LAP 329 LAP m., 3 tanneries, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,500. 17 sch. 695 scholars. Pop. 2,441. Kosciusko, county, la. Situated toward the N. part of'tlie state, and contains 567 sq. ms. The surface is undulating ; soil, fertile. Watered by Tippecanoe r. and other streams, which afford water power. Capital, Warsaw. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,037, sheep 2,923, swine 11,880; wheat 30,600 bush, produced, Ind. corn 146,161, oats 38,445, potatoes 21,955, tobacco 1,569 pounds, sugar 68,945 ; 13 stores, capital $26,100 ; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 4 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,781. 6 sch. 216 schol- ars. Pop. 4,170. Kosciusko, p-v., capital of Attala co.. Miss., 67 N. E. Jackson, 953 W. Situated on the w. side of the Yockonockony river. It contains a Baptist church, an academy, and several dwell- ings. KosKONo.NG, p-o., JefTerson co., Wis., 48 e. by s. Madison, 822 W. Kreidersville, p-v., Northampton co.. Pa., 103 E. N. E. Harrisburg, 196 W. Situated on Hockendocque cr., and has 1 store, a grist m., several dwellings, and a Lutheran church in the vicinity. KuLBR, t.. Van Buren co., Mich. It has 2 sch, 12 scholars. Pop. 126. KuLPsviLLE, po., Montgomery co.. Pa., 95 E Harrisburg, 165 W. KuTZTowN, p-b., MaxatawTiy t., Berks co.. Pa., 69 E. Harrisburg, 162 W. Situated on a branch of Maiden cr., and has 1 church, common to Lutherans and German Reformed, several stores, and 125 dwellings. Pop. 693. Kyger, p-o., Gallia co., O., 98 s. s. E. Colum- bus, 353 W. Kyserick, p-o., Rochester t., Ulster co., N. Y., 71 s. s. E. Albany, 311 W- I.. Lackawack, p-o., Wawarsing t., Ulster co., N. Y., 91 s. s. w. Albany, 307 W. Lackawannock, t., Mercer co.. Pa., 6 s. w. Mercer. The surface is uneven ; soil, clay and loam. Drained by Little Neshannock cr. It has 5 stores, cap. $10,200 ; 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $4,065. 14 sch. 500 scholars. Pop. 2,130. Lackawanna, p-t., Luzerne co.. Pa. It has 1 furnace, 4 sch. 140 scholars. Pop. 363. Lackawanna, r.. Pa., rises in Wayne and Sus- quelianna counties, and after pursuing a course generally s. and s. w., 30 ms. from its source, it falls into Susquehanna r. at Pittstown. It afTords extensive water power. Lackawannoc, mis., in Luzerne and Wayne counties. Pa., run between the sources of Lacka- waxen and Lackawannock rivers, the n. part of which is denominated Moosuck mountain, and is traversed by the railroad from Honcsdale to Car- bondale. Lackawaxen, r.. Pa., rises chiefly in Wayne CO., and flows through a deep valley and receives Dyberry, Middle, and Waullenpaupack crs., and enters the Delaware in Pike co., where is a dam across the Delaware to supply the Delaware and Hudson canal with water, and to enable boats lo cross the r. The Delaware and Hudson canal follows the Lackawaxen r. to the junction of Dy- berry cr. at Ilonesdale 25 ms., whence is a rail- road, 16 ms. to the Lackawanna coal mines. Lackawaxen, p-t., Pike co.. Pa., 182 iN. e. Har- risburg, 279 W. It is watered by Delaware r., and Lackawaxen and other creeks. It lias 3 sch. 59 scholars. Pop. 750. Lacon, p-v., capital of Marshall co., 111., 99 n. Springfield, 816 W. Situated on the E. side of Illinois r., and contains 3 stores, and about 20 dwellings. Laconia, p-v., Harrison co., la., 147 s. Indian- apolis, 643 W. Situated 2 ms. n. of the Ohio r. It has 1 store, a steam saw mill, and about 100 inhabitants. Lacey's Spring, p-o., Morgan co., Ala., 139 N. N. E. Tuscaloosa, 722 W. Ladiesburg, p-v., Frederick co., Md., 81 n. w. Annapolis, 58 W. Ladiga, p-o., Benton co., Ala., 152 e. n. E.Tus- caloosa, 708 W. Ladoga, p-o., Montgomery co., la., 38 w. n. w. Indianapolis, 609 W. La Fargeville, p-v., Orleans t, Jefferson co., N., Y., 182 N. w. Albany, 432 W. La Fayette, parish. La. Situated in the s. 42 part of the state, and contains 1,800 square miles. Mermentan r. and lake bound it on the w., and the Gulf of Mexico s. The surface is low and level, and the most part of it too wet for cultiva- tion. Capital, Vermilionville. There were in 1S40, neat cattle 30,088, sheep 2,022, swine 5,750 ; Ind. corn 83,812 bush, produced, cotton 2,913,534 pounds, sugar 1,016,534; 2 tanneries, 1 acad. 5 students, 6 sch. 97 scholars. Pop. whites 4,474, slaves 3,233, free col'd 134; total, 7,841. La Fayette, county. Miss. Situated in 'he n. part of the state, and contains 790 sq. ms. Drain- ed by Tallahatchee river and its branches, and Vocanapuafa r. Surface, undulating ; soil, fer- tile. Capital, Oxford. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,000, sheep 3,570, swine 20,136; wheat 9,496 bush, produced, Indian com 270,848, oats 12,705, potatoes 27,190, tobacco 7,517 pounds, cotton l,3i9,008; 19 stores, cap. $416,333; 5 tan- neries, 19 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $52,017. 1 college 33 students, 2 acad. 84 stu- denis, 7 sch. 15:i scholars. Pop. whites 3,676, slaves 2,842, free col'd 13; total, 6,331. La Favette, county, Mo. Situated toward the w. part of the state, and contains 450 sq. ms. The surface is gently undulating ; soil, very fer- tile. Missouri r. runs on its n. border. Drained by small branches of t!ie Missouri, which afford water power. Capital, Lexington. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,990, sheep 7,320, swine 37,532 ; wheat 9,316 bush, produced, Indian corn 339,833, oats 58,896, potatoes 18,601, tobacco 7,492 pounds, cotton 617 ; 13 stores, cap. $138,200 ; 4 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $31,500. 8 sch. 234 scholars. Pop. whites 4,799, slaves 1,990, free col'd 26 ; total, 6,815. La Fayette, county, Ark. Situated in the s, w. part of the state, and contains 1,260 sq. miles. Drained by Red r. and its branches. Capital, Lewisville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,331, sheep 215, swine 6,625; Ind. corn 135,560 bush, produced, potatoes 12,900, cotton 1,312,890 pounds. Pop. whites 505, slaves 1,644, free col'd 1; total, 2,2U(). La Fayette, p-t., Onondaga co., N, Y., 130 w. by N. Albany, 330 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay loam. Drained by Onondaga cr. The v. contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 tannery, 25 dwell- ings, and about 150 inhabitants. The t. has 4 stores, cap. $15,000 ; 3 tanneries, 3 flouring m., 3 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,050. 17 sch. 881 scholars. Pop. 2,600. La Fayette, p-v., Newton t., Sussex co., N. J., 75 N. Trenton, 243 W. Situated on Paulinskill *• LAG 330 LAH It contains 1 Baptist church, 1 store, 1 cupola fur- nace, 1 grist m., and 12 or 11 dvveUings. La Fayette, p-o., McKeaii co., Pa.. 203 n. w. Ilarrisburg, 291 W. La Favette, Chambers co., Ala. (See Cham- bers C. H.) La Favette, p-v.. Deer Creek t., Madison co., O., 22 w. Columbus, 415 W. It contains 2 stores, and about 150 inhabitants. La Fayette, t., Coshocton co., O. It has 1 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 848. La Fayette, t., 3Iedina co., O. It has 2 tan- neries, 1 distillery, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $580. 4 sch. 127 scholars. Pop. 937. La Fayette, p-v.. Christian co., Ky., 221 s. w. by w. Frankfort, 738 W. La Fayette, p-v., Montgomery co., Va., 188 w. by .s. Richmond, 256 W. La Fayette, p-v., capital of Walker co., Ga., 199 N. w. Miiledgeville, 631 W. Situated on the w. side of Chattooga r., and contains a court house, jail, an academy, 2 churches — 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist — 7 stores, and about 100 dwellings. La Favette, p-v., capital of Tippecanoe co., la., 70 N. w. Indianapolis, 628 W. It is situated on the E. side of tiie VVabasli r., 10 ms. below the mouth of the Tippecanoe r., at the head of steam- boat navigation on the Wabash. It contains a court hou.se, jail, market house, bank, 7 churches — 2 Presbyterian, (1 old and 1 new school,) 1 Baptist, 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist, 1 Universalist, and 1 Af- rican — an academy, 21 stores, 2 flouring m., 2 saw m., 1 paper m., 1 carding and fulling m., 400 dwellings, and about 2,000 inhabitants. The Wa- bash and Erie canal is in operation to tliis place, and connects it with Lake Erie. La Fayette, city, and capital of Jefferson par., La., 2 w. by s. A'ew Orleans, 1,174 W. Though the capital of another parish, it constitutes virtu- ally a continuation of the city of xNew Orleans, which joins it on the n. e. It contains a court house, and other county buildings, 3 churches, and a market house. It borders on the Missis- sippi, and has 1 steam ferry, which crosses the r., and another which connects it with New Orleans proper. The New Orleans and Carrollton railroad passes, in N aides-street, through the city. It has 1 acad. 55 students, 2 sch. 153 scholars. Pop. 3,207. La Fayette, t.. Van Buren co., Mich. It has 2 stores, cap. $11,000; 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. m manufac. $26,000. 3 sch. 1 1 1 schol's. Pop. 327. La Fayette, C. II., p-v., capital of La Fayette CO., Ark., 162 s. w. Little Rock, 1,237 W. La Fayette, t., Livingston co., Mo. Pop. 307. Lafoukche, r.. La., an outlet of the Mis.'rissippi, which leaves the r. above Donaldsonville, and Sroceeding s. e. 90 ms., flows into the Gulf of Icxico. Lafourche I.\terior, parish, La. Situated in the s. e. p.xrt of ilie state, and contains 1,100 sq. ms. Watered by Bayou Lafourche. The sur- face is level, and much of it loo marshy to be fit for cultivation. Along the streams is some land capable of cultivation, and very fertile, producing sugar and cotton. Capital, Thibodouu.wille. There were hi 1840, neat cattle 6,401, sheep 1,253, swine 8,812 ; Ind. corn 186,747 bush, pro- duced, potjitoes 20,323, cotton l,6J0,O0O pounds, sugar 9,945,000 ; 3 saw m. Cap. in manutiic. $18,000. 4 sch. 56 scholars. Pop. whites 3,986, slaves 3,246, free col'd 71 ; total, 7,303. La Fox, p-o., Kane co., 111., 187 n. n. e. Spring- field, 758 W. Lagado, p-o., Wilson co., Tenn., 39 E. Nash- ville, 673 \V. La Grange, county, la. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, ami contains 380 sq. ms. The surface is gently rolling ; soil, fertile, with prai- ries in the N., and timber s. Watered by Fawn, Pigeon, and Little Elkhart rivers. It has a num- ber of small lakes. Capital, Lima. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,499, sheep 3,057, swine 7,944 ; wheat 5^^,142 bush, produced, Ind. corn 97,953, bariey 1,619, oats 72,107, potatoes 27,278, sugar 26,084 pounds ; 12 stores, cap. $50,550 ; 2 tanneries, 6 distilleries, 4 grist m., 15 saw m. Cap. in manufac. .$ 13,460. 1 college, 60 students, 2 acad. 130 students, 21 sch. 494 scholars. P<^ whites 3,661, free col'd 3 ; total, 3,664. La Grange, p-t., Penobscot co., Me., 97 n. n. e. Augusta, 693 W. It has several ponds, from which small streams issue, and flow into the Pe- nobscot. The soil is productive. It has 1 grist m., 4 sch. 149 scholars. Pop. 336. La Grange, t., Dutchess co., N. Y. The sur- face is rolling, and on the e. hilly ; soil, a fertile gravelly loam, well cultivated. Drained by Sprout and Wappinger's creeks. It has 5 stores, cap. $8,400; 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $52,588. 5 sch. 125 scholars. Pop. 1,851. La Grange, p-o., Covington t., Wyoming co., x\. Y., 244 w. Albany, 366 W. La Grange, p-o., Luzerne co., Pa., 158 n. e, Ilarrisburg, 203 W. La Grange, p-t., Lorain co., O., Ill n. n. e, Columbus, 370 W. Watered by the 2 branches of Black r., between which it is chiefly situated. It has 1 store, cap. $5,000; 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 8 sch. 249 scholars. Pop. 1,001. La Grange, p-v., capital of Oldham co., Ky-, 35 n. w. by w. Frankfort, 577 W. Situated on the s. bank of the Ohio r. It contains a court house, 1 acad., several stores, and 233 inhabitants. La Grange, p-v., Randolph co., N. C, 92 w. Raleigh, 331 W. La Grange, p-v., capital of Troup co., Ga., 121 w. 3Iilledgeville, 739 W. Situated on a small stream fallmg into the Chattahoochee r., and 6 ms. E. of it. It contains a court house, jail, 3 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, 1 Presbyterian, — an academy, and 1,000 inhabitants. La Grange, p-v., Franklin co., Ala., 136 n. by w. Tuscaloosa, 776 W. Situated on elevated ground, 16 s. of Tennessee r. It contains La Grange college, under the direction of the Meth- odists, founded in 1831, which has a president, 5 professors or other instructors, 50 alumni, 100 stu- dents, and 1,20J vols, in its hbraries. La Grange, p-v., Fayette co., Tenn., 184 s. w. by vv. Nashville, 869 W. Situated i m. n. of Wolf r. It has 3 churches, 1 female academy, and about 450 inhabitants. La Grange, p-t., Cass co., Mich., 171 w. by s. Detroit, 619 W. Watered by a branch of Do- wagiake r. and Putnam's cr. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. It has 2 stores, cap. $9,500; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,988. Pop. 769. La Grange, p-v., Henry co., 111., 134 n. by w. Springfield, 863 W. La Gra.nge, p-v., Lewis co.. Mo., 129 n. n. e. Jefferson city, 898 W. Situated on the w. bank of the Mississippi r., immediately below the en- trance of Wyaconda r. La Grange Bluff, pc, Brown co.. 111., 66 w. Springfield, 846 W. Lagro, p-t., Wabash co., la., 94 N. by E. In- dianapolis, 581 W. Pop. 486. La Harpe, p-o., Hancock co., 111., 104 w. N w. Springfield, 865 W. LAK 331 LAM Laings, p-0., Green t, Monroe co., O., 120 e. Columbus, 237 W. Laingbury, p-v., Shiawassee co., Mich., 93 n. w. Detroit, 596 W. Lairdsville, p-o., Westmoreland t., Oneida CO., N. Y., 102 w. N. w. Albany, 384 W. Lairdsville, p-o., Lycoming co.. Pa., 98 n. Harrisburg, 208 W. Lake, county, O. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 220 sq. ms. Watered by Grand and Chagrin rivers. Lake Erie lies on its N. w. border. Capital, Painesville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,568, sheep 29,894, swine 10,393 ; wheat 82,570 bush, produced, rye 2,279, Ind. corn 121,136, buckwheat 4,717, barley 7,238, oats 62,255, potatoes 81,462, sugar 64,931 pounds ; 72 stores, cap. $-69,10(); 5 fulling m., 10 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 11 grist m., 41 saw m., 2 printing offices, 1 bindery, 3 weekly newspa- pers. Cap. in manufac. $44,030. 1 college, 40 students, 2 acad. 285 students, 105 sch. 5,915 scholars. Pop. whites 13,698, free cold 21 ; total, 13,719. Lake, county, la. Situated in the n. w. cor- ner of the state, and contains 468 sq. ms. Lake Michigan lies on its n. border. The surface is generally level, with bluffs and sand hills along Qie lake. Some portion of it is marshy, and has considerable prairie and woodland. Kankakee r. runs on its s. border. Watered by Deep r. and Cedar and Eagle creeks. Capital, Crown Point. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,085, sheep 453, swine 4,431; wheat 15,838 bush, produced, Ind. com 27,675, oats 29,176, potatoes 16,583, tobacco 3,020 pounds ; 2 stores, cap. $3,310 ; 1 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 printing office. Cap. in manufac. $5,950. 7 sch. 116 scholars. Pop. 1,468. Lake, county, 111. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 425 sq. ms. Lake Michi- gan lies on its e. border. The stirfaee is undu- lating covered chiefly with prairie. Watered by Des Plaines r. Capital, Little Fort. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,349, sheep 169, swine 7,714, wheat 22,556 bush, produced, Ind. corn 34,06.3, buckwheat 3,755, barley 3,294, oats 46,406, pota- toes 71,532; 3 stores, cap. $2,500; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. C'ap. in manufac. $8,000. 16 sch. 261 scholars. Pop. 2,634. Lake George, N. Y. (See George, lake.) Lake, p-o., Greenwich t., Wa.shington co., N. Y., 44 N. N. w. Albany, 414 W. Lake, p-t., Starke co., O., 134 n. e. Columbus, 325 W. It has 3 sch. 87 scholars. Population, 2,150. Lake, t., Logan co., O. The soil is indifferent. It contains the v. of Bellefontaine, the capital of the CO. There are ui the t. 7 scti. 223 scholars. Pop. 1,175. Lake, t., Wayne co., O. Watered by the e. fork of Mohiccan r. Pop. 1,144. Lake, C. H., la. (See Crowit Point.) Lake Drummond, p-o., Norfolk co., Va., 123 6. E. Richmond, 253 W. Lake Hill, p-o., Woodstock t., Ulster co. N. Y. Lake Landing, p-v., capital of Hyde co., N. C, 215 E. by s. Raleigh, 400 W. Situated on the S. side of Mattimuskelt lake. Lake Laura, p-o., Leon co., Florida. Lake Pleasant, p-t., capital of Hamilton co., N. Y., 81 N. w. by n. Albany, 450 W. This large t., being 50 ms. long, is mostly a wilderness, with mountains, valleys, and lakes, abounding with wUd game and fish. Drained by Sacanda- ga and Indian rs., tril; itaries of the Hudson. The V. is situated on the vv. side of Lake Pleasant, and contains a court house, and county clerk's office, 1 church, 1 store, and 10 or 12 dwellings. There is in the t. 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $375. 2 sch. 107 scholars. Pop 296. Lake Providence, p-v., capital of Carroll par.. La., 366 n. n. w. New Orlean.s, 1,154 W. It contains a court house, jail, hospital, several stores and dwollinsrs. The lake consists of an ancient bed of the Mississippi r.. which has taken a different course ; and in the n. and s. part the entrance from the river is entirely closed. Its outlet to the s. forms Tensas r. Lake Ridge, p-o., Tompkins co., N. Y., 177 w. Albany, 311 W. Lake St. Croix, p-o., St. Croix co., Wis. Situated on n. side of the Missis.sippi r., just be- low the outlet of Lake St. Croix into the Missis- sippi. (See St. Croix r. and lake.) Laketon, p-v., Wabash co., la., 104 N. by E. Indianapolis, 594 W. Situated on the w. side of Eel r. Lakeville, p-o., Livonia t., Livingston co., N. Y., 228 w. Albany, 353 W. Lakeville, v.. North Hempstead t.. Queens CO., N. Y., 20 E. New York. Situated on the border of Success Pond, a small but beautiful sheet of water, having no visible outlet. It abounds with perch. The v. has about 8 or 10 houses. Lakeville, p-v.. Oakland co., Mich., 43 n. w. Detroit, 568 W. Lake Zurich, p-o.. Lake co.. 111. Lamar, p-t., Clinton co.. Pa. The surface is mountainous ; soil, in the valleys, calcareous loam. Drained by Big Fishing cr. and Cedar cr. It has 4 stores, cap. .$20,000 ; 1 furnace, 1 forge, 2 tanneries, 3 flouring m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,400. 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 1,883. Lamar, p-o., Marshall co.. Miss., 207 n. by e. Jackson, 879 W. Lambertsville, p-v., Amwell t., Hunterdon CO., N. J., 15 N. w. Trenton, 173 W. Lambertsville, p-v., Monroe co., Mich., 70 s. w. Detroit, 475 W. La Mine, r.. Mo., rises in La Fayette and Johnson counties, and flowing e. enters Missouri r., 5 or 6 miles above Booneville. About 20 miles from its mouth it receives Blackwater r. These rivers are navigable for keel-boats a considerable distance. La Mine, p-o.. Cooper co.. Mo., 60 w. n. w. Jefferson city, 974 W. The t. has 2 sch. 53 scholars. Pop. 988. Lamne's Mills, p-o., Boone co.. Mo., 31 n. by w. Jefferson city, 946 W. Lamoille, r., Vt., one of the 4 largest rivers on the w. side of the mountain, rises in (ireensboro', Orleans co., and pursuing a s. w. course tor some distance, turns to the w. n. w., and flows into Lake ('hamplain, in the .v. part of Colchester. It has a number of falls, affording extensive water power. Lamoille, county, Vt. Situated toward the N. w. part of the state. Organized in 1836. Watered by Lamoille river and its branches, and in the s. part by Walerbury r., a branch of Onion r. The western Green mountain range passes through the co., and Mansfield mountain, its highest peak, is in the s. part. Most of the land is adapted to grazing, but some parts of it, particularly on tlie streams, to tillage. Capital, Hydepark. There were in 1840, neat cattle 16,555, sheep 40,921, swine 7,287 ; wheat 21,070 bushels produced, rye 1,604, Ind. corn 28,483, oats 70,7i7, potatoes 472,563, sugar 295,475 pounds ; 26 stores, cap. $81,600; 11 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 9 tannenes, 12 grist m., 54 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 printing office, I vieekly newspaper LAN 332 LAN Cap. in manufac. §93,705. 1 acad. 100 students, lOJ sch. 3,-216 scholars. Pop. 10,475. La Moine, p o., McDonough cc, 111., 97 n. w. Springfield, 873 W. Lami'ETKR, t., Lancaster co.. Pa. Pecquea cr. flows on its s. K., and Conestoga r. on its n. w. boundary. Drained by Mill rreek, a branch of Conestoga r. It has 9 stores, cap. $-22,-i00; 3 commis.'-ion houses, cap. $4,(K)0 ; 2 fulling m., I woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 8 distilleries, 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $49,617. 13 sch. 669 scholars. Pop. 3,269. La.mpeter Square, p-v., Lampeter t., Lan- caster co.. Pa., 43 s. E. Harrisbarg, 117 W. It contains a store and 12 dwellings. Lamprev, r., N. H., flows through Great bay into the Piscataqua r. Lancaster, county. Pa. Situated toward the s. E. part of the state, and contains 928 sq. miles. It was the 4th co. established in the state, and is perhaps the richest. Susquehanna river washes Its s. w. border for more than 40 miles. Wa- tered by Conestoga, Pecquea, Conewango, and other creeks, which flow into the, Susquehanna, and afford excellent water power. Iron ore and sulphate of magnesia, or epsom salts, are found. Capital, Lancaster. There were in 1840, neat cattle 61,164, sheep 41,967, swine 75,026; wheat 1,129,277 bushels produced, Indian corn 1,307,000, buckwheat 12,073, oats 1,376,673, rye 448,710, potatoes, 228,860, tobacco 48,860 pounds ; 66 stores, cap. $1,146,085 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. §207,000 ; 12 fulling m., 10 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 2,000 sp., 57 tanneries, 102 distilleries, 8 brew- eries, 8 potteries, 9 printing offices, 9 weekly newspapers, 128 flouring m., 135 grist m., 106 saw m., 2 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $1,213,484. 4 acad. 218 students, 206 sch. 6,745 scholars. Pop. 84,203. Lancaster, county, Va. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 161 square miles. Chesapeake bay and Potomac r. lie on its E. and N. E. border. Capital, Heathville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,084, sheep 2,099, swine 7,5'J4 ; wheat 25,751) bush, produced, oats 43,866, potatoes 7,172, calton 10,272 lbs. ; 10 stores, cup. $30,.500; 1 tannery, 7 grist m., 1 sawm. Cap. in manufac. .S2,000. 7 sch. 140 scholars. Pop. whites 1,903, slaves 2,478, free col'd 247 ; total, 4,628. Lancaster, district, S. C. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains .524 square miles. Lynche's cr. runs on its e., and Catawba r. on its w. border, by brandies of which it is watered. Capital, Lancaster. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,913, sheep 6,165, swine 15,915; wheat 23,910 bu.shels produced, Ind. corn 308,832, oats 26,371, potatoes 13,793, cotton 2,647,676 pounds ; 18 stores, cap. $60,000 ; 2 flouring m., 9 grist m., 8 saw m., 19 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $10,970. I acad. 6 students, 17 sch. 446 scholars. Pop. wliites 5,565, slaves 4,235, free cord 107: total, 9,907. Lancaster, p-t., capital of Coos co., N. II., 101 N. by w. Concord, 562 W. Connecticut r. runs on its N. w. border. Watered by Israel's river and its branches, which afford water power. The surface is hilly, but not mountainous ; soil, fertile, particularly on the streams. The v. is situated on Israel's r., 1 m. from its entrance into Connecticut r., and contains a court house, jail, a Congregational church, and an acad. A bridge here crosses the r., and another bridge crosses Connecticut r. to Guildhall. It has 6 stores, cap. $14,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 printing of- fice, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,200. 1 acad. 120 students, II sch. 400 scholars. Pop. 1,316. Lancaster, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 36 w. by N. Boston, 416 W. Situated on both sides of Nashua r., along which is a fertile alluvial soil. The village is situated on Nashua r., where its 2 branches meet, and contains a Unitarian church an academy, a bank, and about 75 dwellings^ Incorporated in 1653. The t. has 4 stores, cap. $13,000; 2 fulling m., I woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 256 sp., 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 1 binde- ry, 4 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufactures, $17,830. 1 acad. 6 students, 12 sch. 525 scholars. Pop. 2,019. Lancaster, p-t., Erie co., N. Y., 280 w. Al- bany, 337 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, clay, and calcareous loam. Drained by Ellicott's, Cayuga, and Seneca creeks. The v. is on Cay- uga cr., and contains 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Methodist, 1 Lutheran, and 1 Roman C^atholic — 2 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 clothier's works, 90 dwellings, and about 600 inhabitants. There are in the t., 4 stores, cap. $5,700 ; 2 ful- ling m., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,500. 9 sch. 390 scholars. Pop. 2,083. Lancaster, city, and capital of Lancaster co., Pa., and formerly capital of the state, is situated H w. of Conestoga cr., which falls into the Sus- quehanna, 9 s. s. w. of the city. It is in 44° 2' 36" N. lat., and 76° 20' 33" w. Ion.; 37 e. s. e. Harrisburg, 62 w. Philadelphia, 111 W. Pop. 1820, 6,663; 1830, 7,704; 1840, 8,417. It is regularly laid out with wide streets, crossing each other at right angles. The streets are well paved and kept in a neat condition. Some of the buildings are low, having only one story, built by the early German settlers, but the houses more recently built are spacious and commodious, and many of them elegant. Franklin College was establi.shed here in 1787, chiefly by Germans, and was liberally endowed, but it has declined to a mere grammar school. The Lancaster County Academy was incorporated in 1827, and received a grant of $3,000. fliere are in the city, a Lan- casterian school, 2 public libraries, a reading room, and several other institutions of a literary character. It has a court hou.se and 11 churches — 2 Lutheran, 1 German Reformed, 1 Episcopal, 1 3Ioravian, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Meihodist, 1 Inde- pendent Methodist, 1 Roman Catholic, and 1 Af- rican. It is surrounded by a very fertile, highly cultivated, and ptjpulous country. The great western turnpike from Philadelphia to Pittsburg, and the Philadelphia and Columbia railroad, pass through the city. Its commerce and manufac- tures are considerable. There were in 1840, 2 commission houses engaged in foreign trade, cap. $3S,000 ; 32 stores, cap. $242,750 ; 3 lum- ber yards, cap. $16,000; 3 furnaces; machinery manufactured, value $12,500; 2 taimeries, 13 distilleries, 4 brew^eries, 4 potteries, 2 ropewalks, 5 printing oflices, 3 binderies, 6 weekly news- papers. Capital in manufac. $223,439. 2 acad. 64 students, 12 sch. 1,715 scholars. Pop. 8,417. In addition, in the t., are 1 cotton fac. 2,000 sp., 5 distilleries, 3 flouring ni., 3 grist m., and 2 saw in. Cap. in manufac. $90,000. 3 sch. 120 schol- ars. I'op. 809. Lancaster, p-v., Hocking t., capital of Fair- field CO., O., 30 s. E. Columbus, 375 W. Situ- ated near the source of Hockhocking r. Tjie streets are wide, crossing each other at right an- gles. It contains a court house, jail, a bank, lown hall, market, 7 churches, 16 stores, 2 flour- i[ig m., 1 woollen fac, 1 foundry, 2 breweries, inimcrous mechanics, 2 printing offices, 400 dwellings, many of them elegant, and 3,272 in- habitants. A lateral canal, 12 ms. long, connects this place with the Ohio canal. LAN 333 LAP Lancaster, p-v., capital of Garrard co., Ky., 57 s. by E. Frankfort, 5d5 W. Situated a few ms. E. of Dick's r. It contains a court house, jail, several stores and 480 inhabitants. Lancaster, pv., Smith co., Tenn., 61 s. E. Nashville, 644 W. Situated on the w. side of the Cany fork of Cumberland r. La.ncaster, p-l., Jefferson co., la., 74 s. s. E. Indianapolis, 574 W. Pop. 1,737. Lancaster, p-v., Morgan co., HI., 24 s. w. Springfield, 804 VV. Lancaster, p-v., capital of Grant co., Wis., 96 w. s. w. Madison, 92S W. It has a court house and several dwellings. Lancaster, C. H., p-v., capital of Lancaster CO., Va., 83 E. by n. Richmond, 144 W. It con- tains a court house, jail, 3 stores, 30 dwellings, and about 100 inhabitants. Lancaster, C. H., p-v., capital of Lancaster CO., S. C, 72 N. N. E. Columbia, 434 W. Situ- ated on a small branch of the Catawba r., and contains a court house, several stores and dwell- ings. Landaff, p-t., Grafton co., N. H., 84 n. w. Concord, 532 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, fertile. Chartered in 1764. Watered by Great Ammonoosuck r., Wild Ammonoosuck r., and their branches. It has 3 saw m. Capital in manufac. $1,400. 9 sch. 440 scholars. Pop. 957. Lanbgrove, p-t., Bennington co., Vl., 98 s. by w. Montpelier, 442 W. (,'hartered in 1780. Wa- tered by branches of West r. The surface is elevated and rough. A stage road across the Green mountains, from Manchester to Chester, passes through the place. It has 1 store, cap. $2,(100 ; 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $700. 3 sch. 115 stiiplars. Pop. 344. La.nding p-o., Boone co., Ky., 65 n. Frankfort, 530 JIV. Landisburg, p-v.. Perry county. Pa., 29 w. Harrisburg, ll7 W. It contains 1 Presbyterian church, 4 stores, and about 400 inhabitants. Landisville, p-o., Lancaster co., Pa., 31 e. by s. Harrisburg, 117 W. Lanefield. p-o., Haywood co., Tenn., 160 w. s. w. Nashville, 843 W. Lanesborough, p-t., Berkshire co., Mass., 135 w. by N. Boston, 382 W. It is situated on 2 gently swelling hills, with a fertile intervening valley. The soil is fertile, and adapted to graz- ing. Drained by head branches of Iloosick and llousatonic rivers. Incorporated in 1765. The V. lies principally on 1 extended street, and con- tains 3 churches — 1 C'ongregational, 1 Baptist, and 1 Episcopal. There are in the t., 2 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $6,900. 2 acad. 45 students, 6 sch. 160 schol- ars. Pop. 1,140. Lanesborough, p-o., Susquehanna co., Pa., 190 N. N. e. Harrisburg, 290 W. Lanesborough, p-v., Anson co., N. C, 1.55 s. w. Raleigh, 424 W. Lane's Creek, p-o., Anson co., N. C, 158 s. w. Raleigh, 427 W. Lanesville, p-v., Harrison co., la., 135 s. Indianapolis, 614 W. It contains a Methodist church, 2 stores, and about 75 inhabitants. Lanesville, p-v., Randolph co., N. C, 60 w. Raleigh, 341 W. Langdon, p-t., Sullivan co., N. H., 59 w. by s. Concord, 456 W. Watered through the centre by a branch of Cold r., which runs on its s. border. Incorporated in 1787. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,298. 12 sch. 215 scholars Pop. 615. Langhorne's Tavern, p-o., Cumberland co., Va., 57 w. Richmond, 147 W. Langsbury, p-o., Shiawassee co., Mich., 93 N. w. Detroit, 596 W. Langsbury, p-o., Camden co., Ga., 257 s. E. by s. Milledgeville, 766 W. Langston, p-o., Jackson co., Ala., 165 n. e. by N. Tuscaloosa, 683 W. Languille, p-t., St. Francis co., Ark., 132 e. by N. Little Rock, 977 W. Situated on the e. side of Languille r. Pop. 195. Lanier, p-v., capital of Macon co., Ga., 76 s. w. Milledgeville, 732 W. Situated on the w side of Flint r. It contams a court house and several dwellings. La.nnahassie, p-o., Stewart co., Ga., 118 s. w. Milledgeville, 774 VV. Lansford, p-v., Chester dist., S. C, 6t n Columbia, 443 W. Situated on the w. side of Catawba r. Lansing, t., Tompldns co., N. Y., 175 w. Al- bany, 300 'VV. The surface is hilly : soil, a fer- tile gravelly loam. Drained by Salmon cr. and its tributaries. It has 8 stores, cap. $48,750 ; 1 furnace, 3 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, ? flouring m., 3 grist m., 11 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $51,300. 24 sch. 1,307 scholars. Pop. 3,672. Lansingburg, p-t., Rensselaer co., N. Y., 10 .\. e. Albany, 380 W. The surface is level on Hudson r., which bounds it on the vv., and hilly on the E.; soil, gravelly and clay loam. The v. is situated on the e. side of Hudson r., at the head of sloop navigation, and is regularly laid out on a plain, 2 miles long and half a mile wide. In- corporated in 1787. It contains 7 churches — 2 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 2 Methodist, and 1 Universalist — 9 drygoods, 8 produce, and 20 grocery stores, 1 copper and iron foundry, 2 oil floor-cloth fac, 3 brush fac, 1 plaster m., 1 flouring m., 2 gun and rifle fac, 6 malt houses, 2 printing offices, an academy, 450 dwellings, and 3,000 inhabitants. Several sloops and towboats are employed in the river trade. The state dam, 1,100 feet long and 9 feet high, with a lock be- tween this and Troy, enables sloops to come to this place, and forms a spacious basin. A bridge across the Hudson connects it with Waterfbrd. There are in the t. 47 stores, cap. $240,100 ; 1 tan- nery, 1 brewery, 2 printing offices,! weekly news- paper, 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $204,700 ; 1 acad. 100 students, 9 sch. 547 scholars. Pop. 3,330. Lansingville, p-v., Lansing t., Tompkins co., N. Y., 175 w. Albany, 308 W. It contains 1 Presbyterian church, 1 store, 25 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. Lapeer, county, 3Iich. Situated toward the N. E. part of the settled portion of the state, and contains 823 sq. ms. Drained by Flint r. and branches. Belle r., and Mill cr. The surface is undulating ; soil, fertile. Capital, Lapeer. There were in 1810, neat cattle 3,813, sheep 1,197, swine 6,207; wheat 35,472 bush, produced, Ind. corn 19,801, buckwheat 2,065, barley 3,922, oats 26,00J, potatoes 36,351, sugar 66,535 pounds; 6 stores, cap. $10,300; 4 tanneries, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers, 4 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $45,800. 1 acad. 20 students, 23 sch. 570 scholars. Pop. 4,265. Lapeer, p-t., capital of Lapeer co., Mich., 61 N. Detroit, 584 W. Situated at the confluence of Flint r. and Farmer's cr. It contains a court house, jail, 6 stores, 2 flouring m., and 1 saw m. It has good water power in the vicinity. There are in the t. 2 tanneries, 2 printing offices, 2 week- ly newspapers, 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,600. 5 sch. 108 scholars. Pop. 746. LAU 384 LAU Lapland, p-v., Buncombe co., N. C, 275 w. Raleigh, 478 W. La Porte, county, la. Situated toward the N. w. part of the state, and contains 460 sq. ms. Lake Mifiiisian lies on its n. w. border, on which is situated 3Iichigan city. The surface is undu- lating, abounding with prairies, interspersed with groves of timber, and the soil productive. Drain- ed by Kankakee, Little Kankakee, and Gallien rivers, and Trail cr. Capital, La Porte. There were in 1810, neat cattle ".),()G5, sheep 4,849, swine 19,104; wheat 221,461 hush, produced, Indian corn 270,742, buckwheat 6,439, barley 7,545, oats 166,994, potatoes 77,594, sugar 56,964 pounds ; 6 commission houses, cap. $180,000 ; 34 stores, cap. $115,700; 2 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 1 pottery, 2 flouring m., 11 grist m., 25 saw m., 3 printing of- fices, 3 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $133,763. 2 acad. 195 students, 26 sch 642 schol- ars. Pop. 8,184. La Porte, p-o., Lorain co., O., 119 N. n. e. Columbus, 371 W. La Porte, p-v., capital of La Porte co., la., 145 N. by w. Indianapolis, 660 W. Situated in the vicinity of several beautifid lakes. It con- tains the court house and several dwellings. Laputa, p-v., Shelby co., Ky., 10 w. Frank- fort, 552 W. Situated on a small branch of Ken- tucky r. Larkin's Fork, p-o., Jackson co., Ala., 187 n. E. by N. Tuscaloosa, 688 W. Larkinsville, p-v., Jackson co., Ala., 175 n. E. by N. Tuscaloosa, 700 W. Situated at the Blue Springs, near the sources of the Santa cr. Larned's Corners, p-o., Hopewell t., Ontario CO., N. Y., 200 w. Albany, 346 W. La Salle, county. 111. Situated toward the N. E. part of the state, and contains 1,864 sq. ms. Watered by Illinois, Fo.x, and Vermilion rivers and their branches, which afford good water pow- er. Organized in 1831. The surface is exten- sively an undulating dry prairie, and the soil is fertile. The Illinois and Michigan canal passes through the co. CJapital, Ottawa. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,506, sheep 2,316, swine 11,950; wheat 112,843 bush, produced, Ind. corn 151,16.5, oats 14 1,.595, potatoes 49,284; 43 stores, cap. $103,550 ; 1 tannery, 1 pottery, 6 grist m., 24 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspa- pers. Cap. in manufac. $67,125. 27 sell. 118 scholars. Pop. 9,348. La Salle, p-t., Monroe co., Mich., 42 s. s. w. Detroit, 481 W. The soil is fertile, and well adapted to grain. It has 3 sch. 107 scholars. Pop. 905. La Salle, p-v.. La Salle co., 111., 133 n. n. e. Springfield, 788 W. Situated in a prairie adjoin- ing Peoria lake, and contains over 100 dwellings. Las Casas, p-o., Rutherford co., Tcnn., 43 s. e. Nashville, 662 W. Lassellville, p-o., Euphrata t., Fulton co., N. Y., 58 N. w. Albany, 408 W. Latimer's Store, p-o., De Kalb co., Ga., 80 N. w. by w. Milledgeville, 667 W. Latimore, t., .\dams co., Pa., 15 n. e. Gettys- burg. The surface is level ; soil, red shale. Watered by Bermudian cr. and its tributaries. Y'ork Sulphur Springs lie 2 ms. s. of the v. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000; 1 fulling m., 2 woollen vfac, 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 4 grist m., 6 saw m., 2 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $7,750. 6 sch. 200 scholars. Pop. 1,013. Latta's, p-o., Ross CO., 0., 63 s. Columbia, 418 W. Lauderdale, county, Ala. Situated in the N. w. part of the state, and contains 672 sq. ms. Tennessee r. runs on its s. border, and receives Hlackwater, Shoal, Cypress, Second, and other creeks. The surface is broken ; soil, very fer- tile. A canal extends around the Muscle Shoals, in Tennessee r., in this co. Capital, Florence. There were in 1840, neat cattle 13,51.5, sheep 10,486, swine 44,231 ; wheat 46,303 bush, pro- duced, rye 2,613, Ind. corn 741,073, oats 107,345, potatoes 18,524, tobacco 16,467 pounds, cotton 3,051,192, sugar 1,367; 35 stores, cap. $232,700 ; 1 commercial and 2 com. houses, cap. $28,000 ; 1 cotton fac. 288 sp., 6 tanneries, 15 distilleries, 5 flouring m., 43 grist m., 21 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $99,295. 2 acad. 85 students, 17 sch. 456 schol- ars. Pop. whites 9,447, slaves 4,969, free col'd 69; total, 14,485. Lauderdale, county. Miss. Situated in the E. part of the state, and contains 700 sq. ms. Drained by Oktibbeha r. and its branches. Cap- ital, Marion. There were in 1840, cotton 20,000 pounds produced ; 1 tannery, 10 grist m., 12 saw m. Pop. whites 3,992, slaves 1,353, free col'd 13; total, .5,3.53. Lauderdale, countj'', Tenn. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 375 sq. ms. Mississippi r. runs on its w. border. Watered by Forked Deer r. in the n. part, and Big Hatchoe r. on the s. and Coal cr. The soil is very fertile. Capital, Ripley. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 4,687, sheep 802, swine 13,670; wheat 5,756 bush, produced, Ind. com 170,985, oats 8,779, po- tatoes 15,545, rice 2,127 pounds, tobacco 45,353, cotton 253,595 ; 3 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 1 tannery, 3 distilleries, 14 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $6,832. 7 sch. 124 scholars. Pop. whites 2,423, slaves 1,010, free col'd 2 ; total, 3,435. Laughery, t.. Dearborn co., la. It has 9 stores, cap. $14,820; 1 flouring mj^ I saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,495. 1 acad. 30 students, 4 sch. 125 scholars. Pop. 1,501. • Laughery, p-v., Ripley co., la., 69 s. e. In- dianapolis, 532 W. It is situated on the w. side of a creek of the same name. Laughlintown, p-v., Ligonier t., Westmore- land CO., Pa., 140 w. Harrisburg, 172 W. It contains 3 stores and about 59 dweUings. Laurel, county, Ky. Situated toward the s. E. part of the state, and contains 400 sq. ms. Rockcastle cr., a branch of Cumberland r., runs on its w. border. Watered by South Fork, Lit- tle Rockcastle, and Laurel creeks. Capital, London. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,061, , sheep 3,623, swine 11,174; wheat 1,084 bush, produced, Ind. corn 90,900, oats 28,335, potatoes 5,600, tobacco 4,106 pounds ; 7 stores, cap. $7,200; 2 tanneries, 13 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $1,600. 7 sch. 188 scholars. Pop. whites 2,694, slaves 109, free col'd 6 ; total, 3,079. Laurel, p-v., Sussex co., Del., 52 s. Dover, 129 W. Laitrel, p-o., Washington co., Va., 296 w. by s. Richmond. Laurel, p-v., Franklin co., la., 57 e. s. E. In- dianapolis, 531 W. Situated on the w. side of the w. branch of Whitewater r. The Wliite wa- ter canal passes through it. Laurel Creek, p-o., Fayette co., Tenn., 190 w. s. w. Nashville, 879 W. Laurel Factory, p-o., Prince George's co., Md. Laurel Gap, p-o., Greene co., Tenn., 255 e. Nashville, 431 W: Laurel Grove, p-o., Pittsylvania co.,Va., 149 w. s. w. Richmond, 236 W. Laurel Mou.ntains, w. of the main Allegha- ny range, extend from Pa. across Va. to Ky., and then, under the name of Cumberland mountains, LAW 835 LAW divide Va. and Ky., and cross Tenn., terminating near its s. border. Laurel Hill, p-o., Somerset cc, Pa., 139 w. by s. Harrisburg, 165 W. Laurel Hill, p-o., Lunenburg co., Va., 80 s. w. Richmond, 199 W. Laurel Hill, p-o., Richmond co., N. C, 99 s. w. Richmond, 387 W. Laurel Hill, p-o., Carroll co., Ga., 133 w. n. w. Milledgeville, 729 W. Laurel Hill, p-o., Marengo cc, Ala., 92 s. by w. Tuscaloosa, 904 W. Laurel Hill, p-o.. West Feliciana par., La., 151 N. w. New Orleans, 1,155 W. Laurel Spring, p-o., Ashe co., N. C, 202 w. by N. Raleigh, 374 W. Laurens District, S. C. Situated toward the N. w. part of the state, and contains 920 sq. ms. Ennoree river runs on its n. e. border, and Saluda river on its s. w. border, by which, and their branches, it is drained. Capital, Laurens- ville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 20,475, sheep 13,289, swine 47,222; wheat 186,296 bush, produced, Ind. corn 829,473, oats 175,436, potatoes 30,676, tobacco 19,825 pounds, cotton 5,910,363 ; 28 stores, cap. $116,209; 2 woollen fac, 10 tan- neries, 64 distilleries, 20 flouring m., 41 grist m., 34 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $158,256. 6 acad. 206 students, 44 sch. 905 scholars. Pop. whites 12,572, slaves 8,911, free col'd 101; total, 21,584. Laurens, county, Ga. Situated a little s. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 780 sq. ms. Watered by Oconee r. and its branches. Capital, Dublin. There were in 1840, neat cattle 16,046, sheep 3,247, swine 17,355 ; wheat 9,043 bush, produced, Ind. com 146,849, oats 4,068, po- tatoes 10,745, cotton 915,892 pounds; 11 stores, cap. $59,009 ; 2 distilleries, 16 grist m., 6 saw m. 3 acad. 80 students, 2 sch. 33 scholars. Pop. whites 3,078, slaves 2,502, free colored 5 ; total, 5,585. Laurens, p-t., Otsego co., N. Y., 15 s. w. Coop- erstown, 83 w. Albany, 358 W. The surface is elevated and hilly ; soil, a fertile sandy loam, well cultivated. Drained by Otego cr. The v., called Laurensville, is situated on Otego cr., and contains 2 chu relies, 7 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 leather fac, 1 clothier's works, 1 iron foun- dry, 70 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants. The t. has 6 stores, cap. $16,500; 1 furnace, 3 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 3 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $29,725. 16 sch. 540 scholars. Pop. 2,173. Laurens, C. H., p-v., capital of Laurens dist., S. C, 70 N. w. by w. Columbia, 496 W. Situ- ated on the dividing ridge of Ennoree and Saluda rivers, and contains a court house, jail, 3 church- es, 2 acad. 9 stores, and 563 inhabitants. Laurens Hill, p-o., Laurens co., Ga., 63 s. E. Milledgeville, 706 W. Lausanne, p-t., Northampton co., Pa., 100 e. N. E. Harrisburg, 208 W. The surface is very mountainous; soil, gravelly, and barren. Wa- tered by Lehigh r. and Laurel run. The moun- tains contain coal, and the Beaver Meadow mine is in Spring mountain, in this t. It has 5 stores, cap. $18,000; 2 lumber yards, cap. $6,000 ; 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,000. 5 sch. 159 schol- ars. Pop. 1,590. Lavinsville, p-o., Somerset cc, Pa., 144 w. by s. Harrisburg, 170 W. Lawrence, county, Ala. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 725 sq. ms. Ten- nessee r. runs on its n. border. Watered by Big Nance and Town creeks and their branches, and on the s. by the head waters of Black Warrior r. Capital, 3Ioulton. There were in 1840, neat catr tie 14,895, sheep 7,674, swine 49,781 ; wheat 30,978 bush, produced, Indian corn 1,319,800, oats 38,414, potaloes 16,913, tobacco 8,758 pounds, cotton 6,187,960; 7 stores, cap. $72,400; 17 tan- neries, 6 distilleries, 4 flouring m., 14 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $25,890. 1 acad. 25 students, 20 sch. 600 scholars. Pop. whites 7,143, slaves 6,145, free col'd 25; total, 13,313. Lawrence, county. Miss. Situated toward the s. part of the state, and contains 790 sq. ms. Drained by Pearl r. and its branches, and the head waters of Homochitto r. The soil is various, and has a growth of pine. Capital, Monticello. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,347, sheep 3,046, swine 22,396 ; wheat 3,329 bush, produced, Ind. corn 216,554, oats 6,736, potatoes 35,657, rice 50,384 pounds, cotton 1,653,529 ; 7 stores, cap. $33,000; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 10 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $33,970. 1 acad. 30 students, 5 sch. 118 scholars. Pop. whites 3,648, slaves 2,272 ; total, 5,920. Lawrence, county, Tenn. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 780 square miles. Drained by Shoal cr. and its branches, and the branches of Sugar cr. and Buffalo r. Capital, Lawrenceboro'. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 7,344, sheep 6,103, swine 23,025 ; wheat 25,976 bush, produced, Indian corn 316,305, oats 37,225, potatoes 8,210, tobacco 9,447 pounds, cotton 12,443 ; 9 stores, cap. $35,900 ; 7 furnaces, 4 cot- ton fac. 1,180 sp., 4 tanneries, 17 distilleries, 4 flouring m., 16 grist m., 7 saw m. 10 sch. 312 scholars. Pop. whites 6,370, slaves 735, free col'd 16; total, 7,121. Lawrence, county, Ky. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 650 sq. ms. Big' Sandy r. runs on its e. border, and Licking r. on its s. w. border. Drained by Litlle Sandy r. and its branches, and by Blanes cr., which afford ex- tensive water power. Soil, fertile. Capital, Lou- isa. There were in 1840, neat cattle 13,836, sheep 6,821, swine 15,851 ; wheat 5,496 bushels produced, rye 2,092, Indian corn 141,896, oats 39,45 :(, potaloes 6,000 ; stores, cap. $24,800 ; 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,750. 8 sch. 176 scholars. Pop. whites 4,652, slaves 77, free col'd 1; total, 4,730. Lawrence, county, O. Situated in the ex- treme s. part of the state, and contains 430 square ms. The Ohio r. runs on its s. border, 42 miles. Drained by Indian, Guyandot, and Symme's crs. The surface is hilly, and the soil various. Iron ore and stone coal are abimdant, and an excel- lent clay for stone ware is found. The manufac- ture of iron, particularly iron castings, is exten- sive. Capital, Burlington. There were in 1840, neat cattle 13,456, sheep 18,367, swine 12,852 ; wheat 31,958 bush, produced, Ind. corn 263,300, oats 74,404, potatoes 5,334, sugar 5,385 pounds ; 24 stores, cap. $48,550 ; 10 furnaces, 1 forge, 6 tanneries, 2 potteries, 1 flouring m., 12 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $52,710. 56 sch. 1,610 scholars. Pop. 9,738. Lawrence, county, la. Centrally situated toward the s. part of the state, and contains 438 sq. ms. Watered by White r.. Salt, Guthrie's, Beaver, and Leatherwood creeks, which afford good water power. The surface is generally liilly. Capital, Bedford. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,643, sheep 16,991, swine 31,800 ; wheat 75,610 bush, produced, Ind. corn 551,705, oats 196,453, potatoes 12,500, tobacco 11,523 pounds, sugar 43,937 ; 27 stores, cap. $136,300 ; 1 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 140 sp., 8 tanneries, 11 distilleries, 1 pottery, 6 flouring m., 22 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in manufac. LAW 336 LAW $111,228. 3acad. 51 students, 32 schools 1,232 scholars. Pop. 11,7S2. Lawrence, county, 111. Situated toward the s. K. part of the state, and contains 560 sq. miles. Organized in 1821. Wabash r. runs on its e. border, and Fox r. on its w. border. Watered by Embarrass r. and Racoon cr. The banks of the streams are subject to inundation. Tlie land is equally divided into timber and prairie ; some of it is indifferent, and some of it excellent. Cap- ital, Lavvrenceville. There were in 18J0, neat cattle 11,691, sheep 5,794, swine 18,180; wheat 32,837 bush, produced, Indian corn 422,747, oats 73,948, potatoes 10,177 ; 16 stores, cap. §72,900 ; 1 pottery, 1 flouring m., 7 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $34,765. 16 sch. 533 scholars. Pop. 7,092. Lawrence, county. Ark. .Situated toward the .\. E. part of the state, and contains 1,300 sq. ms. Watered by Big Black, Current, and Straw- berry rs. The surface is various — level to the E., and in other parts moderately uneven. Cap- ital, Jackson. Tliere were in 1840, neat cattle 6,793, sheep 2,373, swine 17,20S; wheat 11,836 bush, produced, Indian com 161,355, oats 9,248, potatoes 7,058, tobacco 9,100 pounds, cotton 13,974; 6 stores, cap. $22,300; 2 tanneries, 8 distilleries, 8 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. .$2,100. 5 sch. 115 scholars. Pop. wliites 2,562, slaves 267, free col'd 6 ; total, 2,835. Lawrence, t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 25 n. e. Canton, 230 n. n. w. Albany. The surface is un- even ; soil, a fertile clay loam. Drained by St. Regis and Deer rivers. It has 7 stores, cap. $14,800 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,900. 13 sch. 564 scholars. Pop. 1,845. Lawrence, t., Mercer co., N. J., 6 n. e. Tren- ton. The surface is rolling; .soil, loam and clay, well cultivated. Drained by Assunpink cr. and Stony brook. It has 2 stores, cap. $10,000; 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,600. 1 acad. 49 students. 2 sch. 92 schol- ars. Pop. 1,556. Lawrence, t., Tioga co., Pa., 20 n. e. Wells- borough. The surface is hilly and broken; soil, gravel and clay. Watered by Tioga r. It con- tains Lavvrenceville v., which was incorporated in 1831. It has 5 stores, cap. $16,6'J0; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 10 saw m. Capital in manufac. $7,050. 5 sch. 209 scholars. Pop. 888. Lawrence, p-t., Washington co., O., 9 n. e. Marietta, 114 e. s. e. Columbus, 305 W. Situ- ated on Little Muskin^m r., which afllbrds water power. The surface is hilly and broken. Iron ore, stone coal, salt springs, and Seneca oil, are found. Pop. 571. Lawrence, t., Lawrence co., O., 9 n. Burling- ton. It has 3 sell. 50 scholars. Pop. 425. Lawrence, t.. Stark co., O. Situated on both sides of the Ohio canal. It has 6 sch. 150 scholars. Pop. 2,043. Lawrence, t., Tuscarawas co., O., contains the villages of Lawrenceville, Zoar, and Holivar. It has 6 stores, cap. $12,600 ; 6 com. houses, cap. $17,500; 2 furnaces, 3 tanneries, 1 brewery, 1 pottery, I flouring m., 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $36,200. 7 sch. 539 schol- ars. Pop. 1,523. Lawrence, t., Marion co., la. It has 9 stores, cap. $14,800; 2 taimeries, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $22,050. 2 sch. 36 scholars. Pop. 1,437. Lawrence, t., Van Buren co., Mich. It has 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,000. 3 sch. 55 scholars. Pop. 243. Lawrenceburg, p-v., Perry t., Armstrong co., Pa., 200 w. N. w. Harrisburg. 266 W. Situated on the w. bank of Alleghany r. It contains 1 church, 3 stores, and 25 or 30 dwellings. Lawrenceburg, p-v., capital of Lawrence co., Tenn., 75 s. s. w. IVashville, 752 W. Situated on the E. side of Shoal cr. It contains a court house, a Methodist church, 2 academies, and 350 inhabitants. Lawrenceburg, p-v., capital of Anderson co., Ky., 12 s. Frankfort, 554 W. Situated on the w. side of Kentucky r., and contains a court house, and several stores and dwellings. Lawrenceburg, p-v., capital of Dearborn co.. la., 86 s. E. Indianapolis, 514 W. Situated on the n. bank of the Ohio r., 1 mile below the en- trance of the Great Miami r., and at the entrance of the Whitewater canal into the Ohio r. Lawrenceville, p-v., Lawrence t., St. Law- rence CO., N. Y., 231 N. N. w. Albany, 513 W. Lawrenceville, p-v., Lawrence t., Mercer CO., N. J., 6 N. by E. Trenton, 172 W. Situated on a fertile plain, and contains 1 Presbyterian church, 1 store, and a flourishing academy. Lawrenceville, p-v., Lawrence t., Tioga CO., Pa., 15S n. by w. Harrisburg, 263 VV. The surface of the t. is hilly and broken ; soil, gravel and clay. Drained by Tioga r. and its branches. The borough was incorporated in 1831. Lawrenceville, borough, Pitt t., Alleghany CO., Pa. Situated on Alleghany r., 2i ms. above Pittsburg. Opposite to it is Wainwright's island, on which Washington was cast away on his first visit to the site of Pittsburg. It contains many elegant villas. It has 3 churclies — 1 Presbyteri- an, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist — an academy, and 867 inhabitants. The Alleghany U. S. Arsenal is located here, where arms and military equipments are manufactured and stored, to be sent to the southern and western military posts. It is an extensive and important establishment. Lawrenceville, p-v., capital of Brunswick CO., Va., 73 s. s. w. Richmond, 189 W. Situated on a branch of Meherrin r., and contains a hand- some court house, jail, clerk's office, an elegant Masonic hall, 1 Episcopal church, 4 stores, 2 tan- neries, 30 dvvelluigs, and about 350 iniiabitants. Lawrenceville, p-v., capital of Montgomery CO., N. C, 115 w. s. w. Raleigh, 339 W. Situa- ted on tiie E. side of Yadkin r. Lawrenceville, p-v., capital of Gwinnett co., Ga., 84 N. w. jMilledgeville, 655 W. Situated 8 ms. s. e. of Chattahoochee r., near the head branches of Yellow r., and contains a court house, jail, 1 Methodist church, with 1 Presbyterian and 1 Baptist in the vicinity, an academy, with a neat edifice, 10 stores, and about 50 dwellings. Lawrenceville, p-v., capital of Lawrence CO., III., 159 s. E. by e. Springfield, 697 W. Situ- ated on the w. bank of Embarrass r., and contains a brick court house, 5 stores, 1 grist m., and about 70 dwellings. Lawrenceville, p-v., capital of Monroe co.. Ark., 75 E. Little Rock, 1,015 W. Situated on a small stream, 5 ras. e. of WMte r. It contains a court house and a few dweUings. Lawson's Store, p-o., Rockingham co., N. C, 102 N. w. Raleigh, 278 W. Lawsonville, p-o., Hardin eo., Ky., 97 s. w. Frankfort, 63.> W. Lawsville Centre, po., Lawsville t., Sus- quehanna CO., Pa., 187 N. N. E. Harnsburg, 297 W. The t. is watered by Snake cr., on a branch of which is a salt spring. The surface is hilly; soil, clay and gravel. Lawtonville, p-v., Beaufort dist., S. C, 121 s. Columbus, 627 W. Lawyersville, p-v., Cobleskill t., Schoharie LEB 337 LEB CO., N. Y., 44 w. Albany, 383 W. It contains 1 Dutch Reformed and 1 Universalist cliurch, 4 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., and 1 carding and cloth dressing works. Laynesville, p-o., Floyd co., Ky., 162 e. s. e. Frankfort, 449 W. Leacock, p t., Lancaster co.. Pa., 44 e. s. e. Harrisburg, 118 W. The surface is level; soil, calcareous loam and clay. Pecquea cr. runs on its s. E. border, and Conestoga r. on its w. Wa- tered by Mill cr. It has 6 stores, cap. $37,000 ; 1 woollen fac, 3 distilleries, 2 potteries, 3 flour- ing m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,540. 9 Bch. 257 scholars. Pop. 3,537. Leading Creek, p-o., Lewis co., Va., 301 w. N. w. Richmond, 269 W. The cr. is a small tri- butary of Little Kanawha r., and on its waters and tributaries are 1 3Iethodist, and 1 Baptist church, 40 dwellings, and 240 inhabitants. Leaf River, p-o., Greene co.. Miss. Situated on the N. e. side of Leaf r., a w. branch of Pas- cagoula r. Leake, county. Miss. Situated near the centre of the state, and contains 576 sq. ms. Watered by Pearl r. and its branches. Capital, Carthage. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,570, sheep 261, swine 10,251 ; wheal 1,077 bush, produced, Ind. com 67,670, oats 2,163, potatoes 21,573, tobacco 2,059 pounds, cotton 575,0:i7 ; 6 stores, cap. $8,100 ; 5 grist m., 4 saw m., 4 sch. 69 scholars. Pop. whites 1,614, slaves 542, free col'd 6 ; total, 2,162. Leakesville, p-v., Rockingham co., N. C, 124 N. w. Raleigh, 283 W. Situated on the n. side of Dan r. Leakesville, p-v., Newton co., Ga., 49 N. w. Milledgeville, 656 W. Leakesville, p-v., capital of Greene co.. Miss.. 190 s. E. Jackson, l,0;i2 W. Situated on the w. side of Chickasawha r. It contains a court house, and several dwellings. Leamansville, p-o., Seneca co., O., 97 N. Co- lumbus, 415 W. Leasburg, p-v., Caswell co., N. C, 64 n. w. Raleigh, 260 W. LEATHEawooD, p-o.. Clarion co.. Pa., 195 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 25S W. Leather WOOD, p-o., Guernsey co., O., 109 e. Columbus, 312 W. Lkatherwood, p-o., Lawrence co., la., 70 w. s. w. Indianapolis, 617 W. Leatherwoou's Store, po., Henry co., Va., 192 w. s. w. Richmond, 275 W. Leavitt, p-o., Carroll co., O., 133 e. n. e. Co- lumbus, 304 W. Leavenworth, p-v., Crawford co., la., 124 s. by w. Indianapolis, 637 W. Situated on N. side of the Ohio r., 2 ras. below the entrance of Great Blue r. It contains 7 stores, a Methodist church, an academy, and 150 inhabitants. Lebanon, county. Pa. Situated toward the s. E. part of the state, and contains 348 sq. ms. Drauied by Swatara cr. and its branches. The surface is gently uneven ; soil, very fertile. The Union canal passes through it. Large quanti- ties of cast and wrought iron are produced. Capital, Lebanon. There were in 1840, neat cattle 14,781, sheep 10,'J77, swine 13,780; wheat 215,42S bush, produced, rye 147,251, Ind. corn 23J,031, oats 23i,601, potatoes 101,632 ; 58 stores, cap. $241,900; 7 lumber yards, cap. ,f21,5U0; 4 fulling m., 2 woollen i'ac, 3 furnaces, 3 forges, 22 tanneries, 12 distilleries, 2 breweries, 5 potteries, 1 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 3 weekly and 1 pe- riodical newspapers, 37 grist m., 24 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $190,037. 4 acad. 154 Btudentts, 36 sch. 327 scholars. Pop. 21,372 43 Lebanon, pt., York co., Me., 88 s. w. Augus- ta, 510 W. Salmon Falls r. runs on its w. bor- der, dividing it from N. H. Drained by branches of Salmon Falls r., one of which i.'-sues from a pond in its n. e. part. It has 6 stores, cap. $4,700 ; 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly paper, 4 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,300. 20 sch. 921 scholars. Pop. 2,273. Lebanon, p-t., Grafton co., N. IL, 4 s. Hano- ver, 50 N. w. Concord, 4S4 W. Connecticut r. runs on its w. border. Watered by Masconey r., which afTords water power. Chartered in 1761. The land on the rivers is excellent. The v. is situated on the Masconey r., where are falls. A canal here passes round the falls in Connecti- cut r. A bridge across the Connecticut connects this t. with Hartford, Vt. It has 9 stores, cap. $27,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 10 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $36,095. 1 acad. 100 students, 16 sch. 691 schol- ars. Pop. 1,754. Lebanon, p-t.. New London co., Ct., 31 e. s. E. Hartford, 352 W. The surface is gently uneven ; soil, a deep rich mold, of a chocolate color, par- ticularly adapted to grass. Watered by Yantic r. and its branches. The principal settlement is chiefly on one street, 30 rods wide and a mile in length. The houses are mostly scattered, but many of them neat. It contains a Congregation- al and a Baptist church. There are other vil- lages and churches in the t. It has 3 stores, cap. $6,700; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,000. 1 acad. 25 students, 16 sch. 516 scholars. Pop. 2,194. Lebanon, p-t., Madi.son co., N. Y., 107 w. by N. Albany, 333 W. The surface is hiily ; soil, clay loam. Drained by Chenango r. and its branches. It has 1 store, cap. $1,^00; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 4 grist m., 9 saw m. t.'ap. in manufac. $22,950. 16 sch. 641 scholars. Pop. 1,794. Lebanon, p-t., Hunterdon co., N. J., 40 n. by w. Trenton, 200 W. The surface is mountain- ous or billy ; soil, clay and loam, fertile and well cultivated. Drained by Spruce run and the s. branch of Raritan r. It has 13 stores, cap. )ii31,400; 5 tanneries, 11 distilleries, 13 grist m., 17 saw m., 3 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $12,775. 12 sch. 355 scholars. Pop. 3,8 Id. Lebanon, t., Wayne co.. Pa. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly loam. Drained by tributa- ries of Dyberry cr. It has 4 sch. 90 scholars. Pop. 365. Lebanon, p-b., capital of Lebanon co., Pa., 24 E. Harrisburg, 134 W. It is situated on the Union canal, and contains a large brick court house, county offices, a stone jail, 5 churches — I Lutheran, 1 German Reformed, 1 Methodist, 1 Roman Catholic, and 1 Menonist — 9 stores, 4 warehouses on the canal, 1 grist m., 1 clover m., 3 breweries, 3 weekly newspapers, over 300 dwellings, and about 2,500 inhabitants. The b. was incorporated in 1821. The t. has 17 stores, cap. $82,500; 3 lumber yards, cap. $11,000; 5 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 2 breweries, 3 potteries. 4 printing offices, 3 weekly nevv.spapers, 1 peri- odical, 8 grist m. Cap. in manufac. 73,U0 1. I acad. 50 students, 11 sch. 420 scholars. Pop. 6,197. Lebanon, p-v., and capital of Warren co., O., 85 w. s. w. Columbus, 469 W. It is situated in Tiurtle Creek t , between 2 branches of Turtle cr., a branch of Little Miami r., and contains a com-t house, a jail, a library, 3 churches — I Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Alethodist, several stores, 2 iron foundries, 2 woollen fac, 1 grist ra., 1 saw m., 2 printing ofEces, each of which LEE 338 LEE issues a weekly newspaper, and about 1,500 in- habitants. Lebanon', p-v., capital of Russell co., Va., 325 w. by s. Kiclimond, 38 i W. Situated on a branch of Clinch r. Lebanon, t., Meigs co., O. Situated on Ohio r. It has 3 stores, cap. $1,100 ; 2 grist m., 3 saw in. Cap. in manufac. §1,150. 4 sch. 122 scholars. Pop. 621. Lebanon, p-v., Abbeville dist., S. C. Lebanon, p-v., Cobb co., Ga., 106 n. w. Mil- ledgeville, 662 W. Situated on the n. side of Chattahoochee r. Lebanon, p-v., capital of Marion co., Ky., 59 s. w. by s. Frankfort, 5S1 W. Situated on a small branch of Salt r. It contains a court house, several stores, and 546 inhabilants. Lebanon, p-v., capital of Wilson co., Tenn., 32 E. Nashville, 652 W. It is situated on a branch of Cumberland r., and contains a court house, jail, 2 academics, 1 male and 1 female, 3 churches — 1 Cumberland Presbyterian, 1 Meth- odist, and 1 Baptist — 12 stores, 8J dwellings, and about 1,500 inliabitants. There is a large steam cotton fac. in the vicinity, and a college is char- tered, denominated " The Southern University." Lebanon, pv., capital of Boone co., la., 25 n. w. Indianapolis, 599 W. It contains a court house, and several stores and dwellings. Lebanon, p-v., St. Clair co., 111., 71 s. Spring- field, 797 W. It has 8 stores, 2 Methodist and I Episcopal churches, 1 steam llouring m., and about 50 dwellhigs. It contains McKendree College, founded in 1834, which has a president, 3 prolessors or other instructors, and 47 students. Commencement is on the second Wednesday in October. Lebanon, p-v., capital of Searcy co., Ark., 95 N. by w. Lif.le Rock. It is situated on tite s. side oTthe Buffalo fork of White r., and has but 2 or 3 dwellings. Lebanon, p-v., capital of De Kalb co., Ala., 1 12 N. E. Tuscaloosa, 675 W. Situated on n. side of Big Wills cr. It contains a court house and several dwellings. Lebanon, p-v., Boone co., Mo., 46 N.Jefferson city, 935 W. Lkbano.n, t.. Cooper co.. Mo. It has 2 sch. 82 scholars. Pop. l,0i)9. Lldmes, po., 3Ieigs co., O., 91 s. e. Columbus, 352 W. Ledvard, p-t.. New London co., Ct., 47 s. e. Hartford, 365 W. Organized from Groton in 1836. The v. is on the E. side of Thames r., at Gales ferry, and contains about 30 dwellings. There are ni the t., 3 stores, cap. $1,000; 1 Uiu- iiery, 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Capital in manufac. $12,480. 14 schools, 523 scholars. Pop. 1,871. Lkdyard, p-t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 171 vv. Al- bany, 317 W'. The surface is rolling; soil, clay, loam, and marl, and very productive. Cayuga lake bounds it on tlie w., into which its streams flow. It has 4 stores, cap. $43,400; 1 fulling m. 1 tannery, 1 (louring m., 2gristm., 4 savvm. Cap. in manufac. $2S,5.50. 2 acad. 91 students, 17 sch. 570 scholars. Pop. 2,143. Lee, county, Va. Situated in tlie s. w. part of the slate, and contains 512 sq. ms. It occupies a valley between Cumberland and Powell's moun- tains. Drained by Powell's r. and its branches. Capital, Jonesville. Tiiere were in 1810, neat cattle 10,400, sheep 10,493, swine 34,205; wheai 36,766 bushels produced, rye 6,49S, Indian com i 446,111, oats 102,812, potatoes 23,249, tobacco' 23,43S poimds, sugar .i-!,849; 12 stores, capital $16,5.52; 5 bloomeries, 7 tanneries, 18 distilleries, 24 llouring ra., 31 grist ra., J ♦ «aw "i. ' ■ ' "^ Cap. in manufa^-. $30,745. 7sch. 138schoiars. Pop. whites 7,829. slaves 580, free col'd 32 ; total, 8,441. Lhh, county, Ga. Situated toward the s. w. part of the state, and contains 600 sq. ras. W'a- tered by Flint river and its branches. Capital, St:irkville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,167, sheep 730, s^-ine 12,072; wheat 2,153 bush, produced, Ind. com 105,805, oats 2,072, po- tatoes 7,336, cotton 1,067,140 pounds; 7 stores, cap. $25,100 ; 8 grist m., 5 saw in. Cap in man- ufac. $6,100. 1 acad. 28 students, 7 sch. 146 scho- lars. Pop. whites 2,469, slaves 2,016, free col'd 5 ; total, 4,520. Lee, county. 111. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 720 sq. nis. Drained by Rock and Green rivers. Capital, Dixon. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,900, sheep 318, swine 4,469 ; wheat 27,415 bush, produced, Ind. com 4.5,500, oats 28,685, potatoes 18,715 ; 8 stores, cap. $2:^,100 ; 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. 12,705. 7 sch. 192 scholars. Pop. 2,035. Lee, county, Iowa. Situated in the s. part of the ter., and contains 600 sq. ms. Organized in 1837. Des Moines r. runs on its s. w., and Skunk r. on its n. e. border. Watered by Sugar, Half- breed, and Lost creeks. The surface is undula- ting; soil, fertile. Capital, Fort Madison. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,654, sheep 2,124, swine 13,BM ; wheat 21,3.15 bush, produced, Ind. corn 213,714, oats 30,473, potatoes 9,641, sugar 4,.363 pounds ; 7 stores, cap. $8,980 ; 12 sch. 346 scho- lars. Pop. 6,093. Lee, p-t., Penobscot co.. Me., about 125 n. e. Augusta. Watered by a branch of Mattawam- keag r. It has a considerable pond near the cen- tre of the t. It contains 8 stores, 8 sch. 284 scho- lars. Pop. 724. Lee, p-t., Strafford co., N. II., 38 e. by s. Con- cord, 485 W. Watered by Lamprey, Little, North, and Oyster rivers. It has 3 stores, cap. .$2,000 ; 1 grist ra. 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,575. 7 sch. 314 scholars. Pop. 926. Lee, p-t., Berkshire co., Mass., 128 w. Boston, 368 W. Situated on the Ilousatonic r. Soil, fer- tile, and well adapted to agriculture. The sur- face is uneven, excepting on the streams. Mar- ble and iron ore are found here. Incorporated in 1777. It has 11 stores, cap. $36,650 ; 2 forges, 1 cotton fac. 888 sp., 1 tannery, 13 paper fac, I printing oflice, 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $267,525. 1 acad. 42 students, 10 sch. 603 scholars. Pop. 2,428. Lee, p-t., Oneida co., N. Y., 114 w. n. w. Al- bany, 39-( W. The surface is undulating ; soil, clay and sandy loam. Drained by Canada and Fish creeks. The v. contains 1 church, 1 store, 25 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. There are in the t., 5 stores, cap. $16,000 ; 2 furnaces, 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 llouring m., 2 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $48,062. 25 sch. 896 scholars. Pot). 2,936. Lee, p-t., Athens co., O., 81 s. e. Columbus, :}48 W. It has 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $6,750. 2 sch. 56 scholars. Pop. 848. Lee, t., Calhoun co., Mich. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,000. Leeoiiburg, p-o., Armstrong co.. Pa., 190 .\. w. Ilarrisburg, 2:i3 W. Leechville, p-v., Beaufort dist., S. C, 165 s. Cohnnbia, 351 W. Leeds, pt., Kennebec co., 3Ie., 21 w. by s. Augusta, 587 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. The Androscoggin r. rims on its w. bor- der. A large pond lies in its n. e. part, the oul- If-t of which Hows into Androscoggin r. Incor- porated in 1802. It has 4 stores, cap. $850 ; 1 ful- ling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in LEE 339 LEH manufac. $6,S25. 1 acad. 9 students, 12 sch. 604 scholars. Pop. 1,736. Leeds, p-v., Catskill t, Greene co., N. Y., 33 s. s. w. Albany, 340 W. Situated on Catskill cr., and contains 1 church, 2 flouring m., 1 furnace, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Leeds Manor, p-o., Fauquier co., Va., 127 n. by w. Richmond, 70 W. Leeds Point, p-v., Galloway t., Atlantic co., N. J., 86 s. s. E. Trenton, lv)6 W. It contains a store and 5 or 6 dwellings. Leedsville, p-o., Amenia t., Dutchess co., N. Y., 68 s. Albany, 327 W. Leedsville, p-v., Monmouth co., N. J., 43 e. Trenton, 214 W. Leedsville, p-v., Randolph co., Va., 213 n. w. by w. Richmond, 240 W. Leelanau, county, Mich. Situated on the e. shore of Lake Michigan, and w. of Grand Trav- verse Bay. Principal stream Betsy's r. It has several large ponds, and on the lake coast, high sand bluffs, the most prominent of which is the Sleeping Bear, so called from a fancied resem- blance to that animal. (Unorganized.) Leesburg, p-v., Maurice River t., ('umberland CO., N. J., 78 s. by w. Trenton, 189 W. Situated on the e. bank of Maurice r. It contains 1 Meth- odist church, 1 store, and about 20 dwellings. There is considerable ship building here. Leesburg, p-v., capital of Loudon co., Va., 153 N. Richmond, 34 W. Situated H ra. n. of Poto- mac r., on an elevated plain, at the foot of Kit- toctan mountains, is regularly laid out, the streets are paved, and it is supplied with fine water, by an aqueduct, from a spring in the vicinity. It contains a neat court house, a jail, a market house, a bank, 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist — an academy, a female semina- ry, 2i stores, 2 printing offices, each issuing a weekly newspaper, and 500 dwellings. The country around is fertile. Leesburg, p-v., Washington co., Tenn., 278 e. Nashville, 417 W. Situated on the e. side of a small stream faUing into the Nolichucky r. It contains 1 church and about 200 inhabitants. Leesburg, p-v., Harrison co., Ky., 27 n. e. Frankfort, 5 15 W. Situated on w. side of a small stream falling into Licking r. Leesburg, p-v., Fairfield t.. Highland co., O., 64 s. w. by s. Columbus, 436 W. It contains 6 stores and about 350 inhabitants. Leesburg, p-v., Kosciusko co., la., 133 n. by E. Indianapolis, 6u3 W. Situated 2 ms. n. w. of Tippecanoe r., on the margin of a beautiful prairie. Leesburg, p-v., Winnebago co., 111., 220 n. by E. Sprmgfield, 830 W. Leesburg, p-v., Cherokee co., Ala., 140 n. e. Tuscaloosa, 6S9 W. Lee's Cross Roads, p-o., Cumberland co.. Pa., 30 s. w. Harrisburg, 105 W. Leesville, p-v., Sharon t., Schoharie co., N. Y. It contains 1 Universalist church, 3 stores, and about 25 dwellings. Leesville, p-v., Campbell co., Va., 147 w. by s. Richmond, 222 W. Situated at the junction of Stanton r. and Goose cr., and contains 2 stores, a tobacco fac, 1 flouring ra., 1 carding machine, 1 cotton gin, 2 taiuieries, 20 dwellings, and about 75 inhabitants. Leesville, p-v., Robeson co., N. C, 102 s. s. w. Raleigh, 390 W. Leesville, p-v., Lexington dist., S. C, 30 w. by s. Columbia, 536 W. Leesville, p-v.. Orange t., Carroll co., O., 115 E. N. e. Columbus, 301. Leesville, p-v., Hart co., Ky., 101 s. w. Frankforu 643 W. 1 Leesville, p-v., Lawrence co., la., 78 s. by w. Indianapolis, 609 W. Situated on w. side of Guthrie's cr. It contains 3 stores, 1 grist m., and about 200 inhabitants. Leesville, p-v., Choctaw co.. Miss., 125 n. n. w. Jackson, 960 W. Leesville Cross Roads, p-v., Sandusky t., Richland co., O., 74 n. by e. Columbus, 412 W. Leetow.v, p-v., Jefferson co., Va., 177 n. by w. Richmond, 70 W. It contains 1 store, 1 flour- ing m., several dwellings, and 75 inhabitants. Named after Gen. Lee, of revolutionary memory, who resided here. Lee Valley, p-v., Hawkins co., Tenn., 256 E. by N. Nashville, 449 W. Lehigh, r.. Pa., rises in Luzerne co., near Wilkesbarre, and flows 100 miles, to its en- trance into the Delaware r.,at Easlon. Along this r., by means of dams, locks, and canals, a naviga- tion is opened from Easton to Wliitehaven, in Northampton co., 8ii ms., of which 30^ consist of pools, 39^ of canals, 2i of locks, and the re- mainder of sluices. This forms a most important openmg to the coal region, to which railroads are continued. The r., in its upper parts, is a rapid mountahi stream, viith many falls. Lehigh, county. Pa. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 3S9 sq. ms. It mostly occupies a valley between South and Blue or Kittatinny mountains. The surface and soil are various ; but the latter, in many parts, is e.\cel- lent. Lehigh r. runs on its n. e. border, by which, and its tributaries, the co. is watered. Capital, Allentown. There were in 1840, neat cattle 18,1-26, sheep 13,418, swine 32,625, wheat 176,46S bush, produced, rve 301,830, Ind. corn 207,093, barley 3,018, oa"ts 202,015, potatoes 116,061, tobacco 4,000 pounds; 76 stores, cap. .$435,200 ; 6 lumber yards, cap. $20,000 ; 1 fur- nace, 1 forge, 2 fulling m., 6 woollen fac, 29 tan- neries, 119 distilleries, 3 powder m., 1 pottery, 1 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 4 weekly news- papers, 4 flouring m., 6i grist m., 48 saw m., 7 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $292,190; 1 acad. 30 students, 56 sch. 2,293 scholars. Pop. 25,787. Lehigh, t., Northampton co.. Pa. It is bounded w. by Lehigh r. The surface is partly hilly partly level ; soil, gravel and calcareous loam. Blue mountain lies on its n. boundary. Watered by Indian cr. The Lehigh Water-gap is in the N. w. corner of the t., where is a v. containing a store, and a mill for preparing hydraulic cement, from Umestone h^re found, and about 20 dwell- ings. Here is a toll-bridge over the r. It has S stores, cap. i"Z2,'M0 ; 1 fulling m., 2 di^■tilleries, 6 grist m , 3 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $46,000. 9 sch. 510 scholars. Pop. 2,049. Lehigh Gap, po., Lehigh t., Northampton co., Pa., 104 E. N. E. Harrisburg, 198 W. Here the Lehigh r. passes a gap in Blue mountain. On each side of the pass tlie mountain rises to the height of 1,290 feci above the bed of the river. The scenery is wildly grand. Here is the v. described above. LeHighton, p-v., Penn t., Northampton co., Pa., 36 w. N. w. Easton, 96 n. e. by e. Harris- burg, 196 W. Situated on the vv. bank of Le- high r., half a mile above Mahoning cr. On the 31ahoning, 100 rods from its mouth, stood the old Moravian v. of Gnadenhutten, where an old church is still standing. A bridge 214 feet long here crosses the Lehigh. The v. is situated oil an elevated table land, regularly laid out, and with a limited but fine prospect. Lehman, p-t., Luzerne co.. Pa., 121 n. n. w. Harrisburg, 232 W, The surface is very un- even, but raach of it may be cultivated. It con- LEM 340 LEO tains Lelimaii's lake, and its outlet, Lehman's cr. Harvey's, Bowman's, and 3Iahooppny creeks af- ford extensive water power. It has 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,500. 4 sch. 164 scholars. Pop. 527. Leick.ster, p-t., Addison eo., Vt., 73 s. s. w. Montpeiier, 477 W. The surface is uneven, and on the E. mountainous ; the soil, excepting on the mountains, is a fertile sandy loam, with some flats of clay. Watered by Otter creek and Leicester river. Lake Dunmore, 4 ms. long, and from half to three fourths of a mile wide, lies between this t. and Salisbury. Chartered in 1763, first settled in 1773. It has 3 sell. 63 scholars. Pop. 603. Leicester, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 48 w. lioston, 400 W. The situation is elevated. Watered by branches of French and Blackstone rivers, which afford extensive water power. The surfoce is uneven ; soil, a fertile clay loam. It contains 3 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Unita- rian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Friends. At the central v. is a Congregationalist and a Unita- rian church, and one of the oldest and most re- spectable academies in the state, founded in 1781. 1 he t. has 7 stores, cap. $9,00!) ; 6 tanneries, 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $90,870. 1 acad. 319 students, 10 sch. 544 scholars. Pop. 1,707. Leicester, t., Livingston co., N. Y., 5 w. Geneseo, 'Z^i w. Albany. The surface is in ter- races, descending toward Genesee r., which bounds it on the e. The soil is fertile. It has 3 stores, cap. $18,700 ; 1 woollen iac, 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $16,365. 1 acad. 20 students, 16 sch. 758 scholars. Pop. 2,415. Leigh Read, county, (formerly JIusquito,) Flor. Situated on the e. side of the penuisula, and contains a great extent of territory, with a diversity of soil and climate. It has many swamps, easily drained, and very fertile. Watered by St. John's r., Halifax r.. Spruce cr., Hillsborough r., Indian r., St. Sebastians cr., Jupiter cr., and St. Lucia r. Capital, New Smyrna. Pop. 1840, 72. Leigiiton, p-o., Lawrence co., Ala., 132 n. Tuscaloosa, 772 W. Situated on the Tuscum- bia and Decatur railroad. Leighton's Corners, p-o., Carroll co., N. H., 55 N. by E. Concord, 536 W. Leiper's Fork, po., Williamson co., Tenn., 26 s. Nashville, 703 W. Leipersville, p-v., Ridley t., Delaware co.. Pa., 97 E. s. E. Harrisburg, 124 W. It contains a church, 1 store, 1 saw m., 1 tannery, and about 25 dwellings. The Leiper canal extends 2 ms. from Delaware r., through the t., to stone quarries on Ridley cr. Leipsic, p-v., Kent co , Del. Leitersburg, p-v., Washington co., Md., 107 N. w. Annapolis, 75 W. Leme.jv, p-o., be Witt co.. 111., 74 n. e. Spring- field, 729 W. Le.mington, pt., Essex co., Vt., 94 n. e. Mont- peiier, 591 W. The surface is uneven and mountainous, with some good intervale on the streams. Connecticut r. bounds it on the s. e., by small tributaries of which it is watered. One of them has a cascade of 50 feet. Chartered in 1762. It has 2 saw m., 2 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 124. Lemon, t., Butler co., O. It is a large, popu- lous, and wealthy t., containing several villages. 5 sch. 1 10 scholars. Pop. 2,052. Lempster, p-t., Sullivan co., N. IL, 40 w. Con- cord, 466 W. The surface is uneven, and on the E. mountainous ; soil, adapted to grazing. Wa- tered by branches of Sugar and Cold rivers. Chartered in 1761. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,300 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $745. 21 sch. 319 scholars. Pop. 941. Lenawee, county, Mich. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 735 sq. ms. Watered by Raisin and Ottawa rivers. The sur- face is gently undulating ; soil, sandy and argil- laceous loam, and fertile. Iron ore is found. Capital, Adrian. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 14,917, sheep 6,034, swine 22,973; wheat 167,891 bush, produced, rye 3,468, Ind. corn I99,53S, buckwheat 8,18i, bariey 5,989, oats 151,111, potatoes 112,534, sugar 33,945 pounds; 6 commission houses, cap. $15,000 ; 43 stores, cap. $195,350 ; 1 tannery, 3 distilleries, 3 flouring m., 9 grist m., 44 saw m., 3 printing offices, 3 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $266,350. 1 college, 20 students, 1 acad. 27 students, 114 sch. 4,394 scholars. Pop. 17,889. Lenoir, county, N. C. Situated toward the s. E. part of the state, and contains 390 sq. ms. Watered by Neuse r. and its branches. Capital, Kingston. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,060, sheep 4,530, swine 27,420 ; wheat 9,960 bush, produced, rye 4,800, Ind. corn 1,734,000, oats 8,870, potatoes 61,950, rice 15,0(X) pounds, cotton 2-14,300; 11 stores, cap. $11,000; 1 cotton fac, 12 distilleries, 11 flouring m., 17 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $27,375. 2 acad. 80 stu- dents, 6 sch. 167 scholars. Pop. whites 3,687, slaves 3,683, free col'd 235 ; total, 7,605. Lenoir, p-v., capital of Caldwell co., N. C. Situated on the s. side of Yadkin r., near its source, and contains a court house, 1 store, and several dwellings. Lenoir's, p-o., Roane co., Tenn., 171 e. by s. Nashville, 522 W. Lens Creek, p-o., Kanawha co., Va. Lenox, p-t., capital of Berkshire co., Mass., 132 w. Boston, 370 W. The surface is uneven, and the soil productive. Watered by Housatonic r. Incorporated in 1767. The v. is pleasantly situa- ted on elevated ground, and is neatly built, and contains a court house, jail, 3 churches — 1 Con- gregational, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist — a flour- ishing academy, founded in 1::S03, a printing of- fice, and about 40 dwellings. Tiie t. has 1 fur- nace, 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 printing odice, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 grist ra., 6 saw ni., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $10,60!). 1 acad. 60 students, 7 sch. 341 sch. Pop. 1,313. Lenox, p-t., Madison co., N. Y., 121 w. n. w. Albany, 353 W. The surface is undulating or level ; soil, generally productive, adapted to wheat. Drained by Cowasalon and Oneida crs., flowing into Oneida lake, which bounds it on the N. The v., called Lenox Basin, is on the Erie canal, and contains 5 stores, and about 20 dwell- ings. The t. has 15 stores, cap. $44,000 ; 3 full- ing m., 4 tanneries, 3 grist m., 18 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $31,001). 1 acad. 36 students, 24 sch. 1,4J3 scholars. Pop. 5,440. Lenox, p-t., Susquelianna co.. Pa., 170 n. n. w. Harrisburg, 2'74 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay and gravel. Watered by Tunkhannock cr. and its branches. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,500 ; 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,075. 8 sch. 240 scholars. Pop. 800. Lenox, p-t., Ashtabula co., O., 15 s. Ashtabula, 201 N. E. Columbus, 335 W. It contains 1 store, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. 5 sch. 166 scholars. Pop. 550. Lenox, t., Macomb co., Mich. The soil is fer- tile, adapted to grain. It has 9 sch. 149 scholars. Pop. 284. Leominster, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 44 w N. w. Boston, 417 W. The surface is undu* LER 341 LEV lating ; soil, very fertile, particularly on the river. Watered by a branch of Nashua r., which affords extensive water power. Incorporated in 1740. It contains 4 churches — 1 Congregationalist, 1 Uni- tarian, 1 Baptist, and 1 IMethodist. The v., at the centre, contains 2 churches, and about 30 dwell- ings. The t. has 12 stores, cap. $12.3a0; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 18 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,825. 1 acad. 25 stu- dents, 12 sch. 633 scholars. Pop. 2,069. Leon, county, Flor. Situated in the centre of the N. part of the ter., and contains 1,824 sq. ms. Appalachee bay of the Gulf of Mexico lies on its s. border. The seacoa.st is marshy ; back is pine land, much of which is fertile. Ocklockony river runs on its w. border. Wakully r. is in its e. part, t'apital, Tallahassee. There were in 1840, neat cat le 11,890, sheep 1,798, swine 18,339; lud. corn 236,951 bush, prod., oats 5,315, potatoes 43,780, tobacco 3,3i)0 pounds, cotton 5,530,644, sugar 29,15.1; 2 commercial and 10 commission houses, cap. $1 18,500 ; 44 stores, cap. 8436,000 ; 1 tannery, 6 grist m., 9 saw m., 2 printing offices, 1 bindery, and 2 weekly newspapers. Capital in manufac. $129,590. 1 acad. 41 students, 4 sch. 100 schol- ars. Pop. whites 3,461, slaves 7,231, free colored 21 ; total, 10,713. Leon, p-t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 311 w. by s. Albany, 343 W. The surface is elevated, but generally level ; soil, a fertile clay and sandy loam. Drained by Conewango cr. and its tribu- taries. It has 13 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $18,700. 11 sch. 473 scholars. Pop. 1,326. Leon, pv., Madison co., Va., 165 n. w. Rich- mond, 89 W. Situated on Crooked run. Leo.\, p-o., Richmond t., Ashtabula co., O., 208 N. E. Columbus, 324 W. Eeonardstown, p-v., capital of St. Mary's co., Md., 87 s. Annapolis, 64 W. Situated on Britton's r., a small branch of Potomac r. It contains a court house, jail, several stores and dwellings. Leonardsville, p-v., Brookfield t., Madison CO., N. Y., 86 w. by n. Albany, 364 W. Situated on Unadilla r., and contains 1 church, 4 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 40 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. Leoni, pt., Jackson co., Mich., 71 w. Detroit, 546 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. It contains 4 stores, cap. $24,000; 2 distilleries, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,000. 1 sch. 70 scholars. Pop. 1,067. Leonidas, t., St. Joseph co., Mich. It has 4 8ch. 132 scholars. Pop. 410. Leon Mills, p-o., Leon t., Cattaraugus co., N. y., 315 w. by s. Albany, 341 W. Le Ray, t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 8 n. e. Water- town, 158 N. w. Albany. The surface is undu- lating ; soil, a fertile clay and sandy loam. Wa- tered by Black and Indian rs. It has 10 stores, cap. $23,100; 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Capital in manufactures $19,6u0. 1 acad. 95 students, 25 sch. 1,194 schol- ars. Pop. 3,721. Le Raysville, p-v., Le Ray t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 162 N. w. Albany, 428 W. It contains 1 church, 1 store, 1 saw m., 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Le Raysville, p-v.. Pike t., Bradford co., Pa., 152 N. by E. Harrisburg, 262 W. It contains an academy. Le Boeuf, t., Erie co., Pa. It has 1 fulling m., 1 grist m., 3 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $5,800. 6 8ch. 250 scholars. Pop. 876. Le Roy, p-t., Genesee co., N. Y., 236 w. by N. Albany, 370 W. The surface is generally level ; soil, a productive sandy and gravelly loam, adapted to grain. Drained by Allen's cr. It has 17 stores, cap. $70,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tan- nery, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufoc. $34,450. 1 acad. 116 students, 12 sch. 486 scholars. Pop. 4,323. Le Roy, v., Exeter t., Otsego co., N. Y. Situ- ated at the outlet of Canandaigua lake, and con- tains 2 churches, 3 stores, 1 grist m., 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Le Roy, p-t., Bradford co.. Pa., 143 n. by e. Harrisburg, 253 W. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,975 ; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,420. 4 sch. 178 scholars. Pop. 679. Le Roy, t.. Lake co., O., 4 n. e. Chardon, 185 N. E. Columbus. It has 1 saw m., 10 sch. 400 scholars. Pop. 898. Le Roy, po., Westfield t., Medina co., O., 113 N. E. by N. Columbus, 356 W. Le Roy, p-o., McLean co., 111., 94 n. e. Spring- field, 729 W. Le Roy, t., Calhoun co., Mich. It has 2 saw m., 2 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. 326. Leslie, p-t., Ingham co., Mich., 89 w. by n. Detroit, 575 W. Pop. 281. Lesser Cross Roads, p-o., Somerset co., N. J., 42N.Trenton, 216 W. Letart, t., Meigs co., O. Situated on a bend of Ohio r., opposite to Letart's Rapids, surrounded on 3 sides by the r. It has 3 stores, cap. $2,900 ; 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,350. 4 sell. 128 scholars. Pop. 642. Letart's Falls, p-v., Letart t., Meigs co., C, 108 s. w. Columbus, 343 W. The rapid in Ohio r., 25 ms. below Shade r., is caused by the pro- jection of a steep hill into the r., which occasions a rapid current. Letcher, county, Ky. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 200 sq. miles. It was erected in 1842, principally from Perry co. Drain- ed by the head branch of Kentucky r. Capital, Letcher C. H. Letcher, p-o., capital of Letcher co., Ky., 147 s. E. Frankfort, 491 W. Letter B, p-t., Oxford co.. Me., 77 n. w. Au- E^usta, 628 W. Situated on Umbagog lake, which bounds it n. and w. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Pop. 111. Letterkenny, t., Franklin co.. Pa., 7 n. w. Chambersburg. Drained by Conedo,:5winit and Racoon crs. The surface is mostly level ; soil, slaty. Blue Mountain covers its w. part. It has 6 stores, cap. $12,600; 1 fulling m., 6 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $23,120. 11 sch. 523 scholars. Pop. 1,918. Letimberville, p-v., Scott t., Marion co., O., 56 n. Columbus, 412 W. It contains 1 store and a number of dwellings. Levanna, p-v., Ledyard t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 172 w. Albany, 325 W. Situated on the e. side of Cayuga lake, and contains 1 church, 1 store, 2 warehouses, 1 steam flouring m., 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Levant, p-t., Penobscot co , Me., 80 n. n. e. Augu.sta, 675 W. Drained by Keiiduskeag stream and its branches. The soil is productive. It has 3 stores, cap. $1,200; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,300. 404 scholars in schools. Pop. 1,061. Levant, p-o., Chautauque co., N. Y., 326 w. by s. Albany, 323 W. Level, p-o., Warren co., O., 81 w. s. w. Co- lumbus, 464 W Level Corner, p-o., Lycoming co., Pa., 102 N. Harrisburg, 210 W. Level Farm, p-o.. New Kent co., Va. Level Green, p-o., Giles co., Va., 221 w. Richmond, 261 W LEW 342 LEW Levkrett, p-t., Franklin co., 3Iass., 83 vv. by N. Boston, 393 VV. The surface is elevated; soil, adapted to grazing. It contains 2 Congregational churches. Watered by 2 small branches of Con- necticut r. Incorporated in 1771. It has 3 stores, cap. $3,100; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tan- neries, 2 grist m., 8 .saw m. Capital in manufac. $15,023. 5 sch. 327 scholars. Pop. 875. Leveri.ngton, p-o., Philadelphia co., Pa., 98e. by s. Harrisburg, 147 \V. Lewis, county, N. Y. Situated in the n. part of the stale, and contains 1,122 sq. ms. The sur- face is mostly hilly and broken ; soil, various. Along Black r. it is fertile. Watered by Black r. ana its tributarie.s, Beaver, Independence, and Moose rivers, and by Salmon, Indian, and Oswe- gatchie rs. Capital, Martinsburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 31,130, sheep 36,665, swine 18,076; wheat 85,191 bush, produced, rye 2,473, Ind. corn 48,984, buckwheat 8,498, barley 20,271 oats 144,880, potatoes 634,316, hops 5,460 pounds, sugar 257,476 ; 33 stores, capital §93,300 ; 2 fur- naces, 5 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 16 tanneries, 1 distillery, 3 flouring m., 11 grist m., 80 saw m., 2 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $65,280. 1 acad. 120 students, 151 sch. 5,259 scholars. Pop. 17,830. Lewis, county, Va. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 1,600 sq. ms. Drained by Little Kanawha r. and its branches, and by the w. fork of Monongahela r. and its branches, and the head waters of e. fork. The surface is uneven and rough. Capital, Weston. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,257, sheep 14,971, swine 19,622; wheat 47,091 bush, pro- duced, rye 4,867, Ind. corn 253,110, oats 80,161, potatoes 24,376, tobacco 11,68S pounds, sugar 93,784; 16 stores, cap. $59,300; 1 fulling m., 5 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 24 grist m., 17 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in rnanufac. $30,700. 9 sch. 219 scholars. Pop. whites 7,939, slaves 124, free col'd 33; total, 8,151. Lewis, county, Ky. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 375 sq. ms. Ohio r. runs on its n. border. Drained by Salt Lick and Kinniconick creeks, which flow into the Ohio. Capital, Clarksburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,424, sheep 4,762, swine 8,957 ; wheat 18,752 bush, produced, Ind. corn 150,153, oats 40,492, potatoes 3,792, sugar 19,976 pounds ; 12 stores, cap. $2-<,300 ; 4 tanneries, 6 saw m. ('ap. in manufac. $24,110. 10 sch. 264 scholars. Pop. whites 5,873, slaves 406, free col'd 27 ; total, 6,3J6. Lewis, county, 3Io. Situated in the \. e. part of the state, and contains 500 sq. ms. The Mis- sissippi r. runs on its e. l)oundary. Drained by Fabius and Wyaconda rivers. The surface is undulating ; soil, very fertile. It contains timber and prairie. Capital, W'atcrloo. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,479, sheep 4,934, swine 26,218 ; wheat 45,533 bush, produced, rye 9,718, Indian corn 376,452, oats 27,931, potatoes 16,199, tobacco 17,386 lbs., sugar 3,762 ; 22 stores, cap. $195,865 , 1 tannery, 3 distilleries, 2 flouring m., 9 grist m., 9 saw m. Clip, in manufac. $14,500. 17 sch. 368 scholars. Pop. whites 4,966, slaves 1,065, free cold 9; total, 6,040. Lewis, p-t., Essex co., N. Y., 131 n. Albany, 506 W. The surface is hilly and mountainous, with some level tracts, and a moderately good soil. Drained by Boquet r. and its tributaries. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,000; 2 fulling m., 5 forges, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 33 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $30,950. 11 sch. 339 scholars. Pop. 1,505. Lewis, t.. Lycoming co., Pa. It has 3 stores, cap. $3,400 ; 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $6,700. 2 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 542. Lewis, p-v., Sussex co., Del., 45 s. by e. Do- ver, 153 W. Lewis and REHonoTH, Hundred, Sussex co., Del. It has 8 stores, cap. $14,400 ; 1 tannery. Cap. in manufac. $500. 1 acad. 40 students, 3 sch. 36 scholars. Pop. 1,834. Lewis, p-t., Brown co., O., 121 s. w. by s. Columbus, 483 W. The surface is slightly un- even, and the soil adapted to the production of grain and tobacco. Drained by Whiteoak, Eagle, Bullskin, and other creeks, that flow into the Ohio, which bounds it on the s. It has 2 sch. 56 scho- lars. Pop. 2,437. Lewis, t., Clay co., la. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 2 grist m., 1 saw in. Cap. in manufac. $450. Pop. 472. Lewis, p-o.. Barren co., Ky., 135 s. w. Frank- fort, 658 W. Lewis, p-o., Vigo co., la., 78 w. s. w. Indiana- polis, 649 W. Lewisberry, p-v., York co., Pa., 17 s. Harris- burg, 109 W. Lewisborougu, p-t., Westchester co., N. Y., 130 s. by E. Albany, 286 W. The surface is somewhat broken ; soil, clay and sandy loam. Drained on the w. by Croton r. It has 4 sch. 85 scholars. Pop. 1,619. Lewisbhrg, p-b., Buffalo t.. Union co., Pa., 67 N. Harrisburg, 177 W. Situated on the w. bank of Susquehanna r., a little below the mouth of Buffalo cr. A lateral canal, half a mile long, connects with the West Branch canal. It con- tains 2 churches, 13 stores, cap. $79,500 ; 1 fur- nace, 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $36,355. 1 acad. 20 students, 4 sch. 250 scholars. Pop. 1,220. Lewisburg, p-v., capital of Greenbrier co., Va., 214 w. Richmond, 251 W. It contains a court house, jail, 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — a lyceum, an acade- my, 6 stores, a printing office, 200 dwellings, and about 900 inhabitants. It is 9 ms. e. of the cele- brated White Sulphur Springs. Lewisbuug, p-v., Harrison t., Preble co., O., 97 w. by s. Columbus, 490 W. Lewisburg, p-v., Mecklenburg co., Ky., 172 w. s. w. Frankfort, 714 W. Situated on the s. bank of Green r., at tlic s. extremity of a bend in the r. Lkwisbitrg, p-v., capital of Marshall co., Tenn., 54 s. Nashville, 703 W. It contains a court house, and several stores and dwellings. Lewisburg, p-v., Cass co., la., 81 \. Indiana- polis, 601 W. Situated on the n. bank of the Wabash r., and on the Wabash and Erie canal. Lewisburg, p-v., capital of Conway co.. Ark., 45 \. w. Little Rock, 1,110 W. Situated on the N. bank of Arkansas r. It has a court house, and several stores and dwellings. Lewis's Grove, p-o., Shelby co.. Mo., Ill n. Jefferson City, 963 W. Lewisport, p-v., Harrison co., Va., 283 n. w. by w. Richmond, 251 W. Lewis's Store, p-o., Spottsylvania co., Va, 99 N. Richmond, 90 W. Lewiston, p-t., Niagara co., N. Y., 297 w. by N. Albany, 410 W. A ridge e. and w. divides it into 2 plains. The soil is a calcareous and sandy loam, and fertile. Niagara r. bounds it on the w. The Tuscarora Indians have a settlement in the t. The v. is situated on the e. side of Nia- gara r., at the head of steamboat navigation, 7 ms. from Lake Ontario. Incorporated in 1822. It contains 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Epis- LEX 343 LEX copal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Universalist — an academy, 10 stores, 1 grist m., 1 distillery, 100 dwellings, and about 9D0 inhabitants. It has a convenient steamboat landing, from which boats regularly ply to Oswego, and other places on Lake On- tario. It has a communication by railroad to Buffalo by Niagara falls, which connects witli the Lockport and Niagara Falls railroad. There are in the t. 4 com. houses, cap. $500 ; 18 stores, cap. $29,600 ; 1 flouring m., 2 grist ra., 7 saw. m. Cap. in manufac. i53U,6>)0. 1 acad. 122 students, 12 sch. 793 scholars. Pop. 2,533. Lewistown, p-t., Lincoln co.. Me., 31 s. w. Augusta, 577 W. The soil is fertile. Incorpo- rated in 1795. Androscoggin r. nnis on its w border, and has here a fall 47 feet, in a distance of 12 or 15 rods, affording great water power. A bridge, 1,000 feet long, here crosses the An- droscoggin, at the foot of the falls. It has 6 stores, cap. $580 ; 4 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $75,800. 14 sch. 742 scholars. Pop. 1,801. Lewistown, p-b., capital of Mifflin co.. Pa., 57 N. w. Harrisburg, 148 W. Situated on the n side of Juniata r., at the junction of Kishcoquillas cr. The Pennsylvania canal runs through the place. It has 8 streets crossing each other at right angles, a large court house and public offi- ces of brick, in the middle of an open square at the centre, 4 churches, an academy, about 400 dwellings. There is a mineral spring in the vi cinity. It has 5 com. houses, cap. $900; 17 stores, cap. $106,700; 1 furnace, 3 tanneries, 1 brewery, 1 pottery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $51,450. 1 acad. 27 students. 7 sch 231 scholars. Pop. 2,053. Lewistown, p-v., Bloomfield t., Logan co., O., 77 N. w. by s. Columbus, 461 W. It is situated on the E. side of the Miami r. Lewistown, Va. (See Lunenburgh C. H.) Lewistown, p-v., capital of Fulton co.. 111., 55 N. w. Springfield, 833 W. It contains a neat court house, a jail, 3 stores, and about 40 dwell- ings. It is 4 ms. E. of Spoon r. and 12 ms. w. of Illinois r. Lewisville, p-v., Indiana co., Pa., 171 w. n. w. Harrisburg, 219 W. Lewisville, p-v., Brunsvnck co., Va., 82 s. by w. Richmond, 198 W. Lewisville, p-v., Chester dist., S. C, 64 n. Columbia, 450 W. Lewi;5ville, p-v., capital of La Fayette co Ark., 162 s. w. Little Rock, 1,237 W. Lewi.sville, p-v., Monroe co., O. Lewisville, p-v., Henry co., la., 42 e. In- dianapolis, 529 W. It is situated on the e. side of Flat Rock cr., on the national road. Lexington, district, S. C. Situated a little w. of the centre of the state, and contains 900 sq. ms. Watered by Saluda r., which joins Broad r. on the border of this dist. to form the Congaree r. Capital, Lexington C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 15,619, sheep 6,144, swine 27,198; wheat 28,849 bush, produced, oats 24,084, pota- toes 27,733, rice 24,000 pounds, cotton 454,191 ; 13 stores, cap. .$38,800; 1 cotton fac, 3 distille- ries, 46 grist m., 18 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $111,9(X). 3 acad. 105 students, 9 sch. 146 schol- ars. Pop. whites 7,401, slaves 4,685, free col'd 25; total, 12,111. Lexington, p-t., Somerset co.. Me., 63 n. by w. Augusta, 657 W. It has a pond on its n. and another on its s. border, connected by a stream which flows into Kennebec r. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $800. 8 sch. 215 scholars. Pop. 564. Lexington, p-t., Middlesex co., Mass., 11 n. w. Boston, 451 W. The surface is uneven and rough, and the soil not very fertile, excepting on the streams. Watered by branches of Shaw- sheen r. It has some manufactures. The v. contains a Unitarian and a Baptist church, and about 40 dwellings. Here the first blood was shed in the revolutionary war, April 19th, 1775. A monument, with an appropriate inscription, has been erected at the expense of the legisla- ture of Mass., on the spot near which 8 men were killed by the British. This event roused the country to arms. Major Pitcairn, the British commander, was afterwards killed at the battle of Bunker Hill. It has 7 stores, cap. $13,000 ; 2 grist m., 1 acad. 25 students, 6 sch. 411 scholars. Pop. 1,612. Lexington, p-t., Greene co., N. Y., 28 w. Catskill, 55 s. w. Albany, 365 W. The surface is mountainous. Drained by Schoharie creek. The V. contains 2 churches, 3 stores, I tannery, and about 20 dwellings. There are in the t., 6 stores, cap. $11,500; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 15 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $45,300. 13 sch. 282 scholars. Pop. 2,813. Lexington, p-v., capital of Rockbridge co., Va., 146 w. Richmond, 18:^ W. Situated on an elevated bank, on the w. side of North river, a branch of James river. It contains a neat court house, a jail, 4 churches — 2 Presbyterian, 1 Bap- tist, and 1 Methodist — a military institute, An- drew Smith's Female Seminary, 11 stores, 170 dwellings, and 1,200 inhabitants. Washington College is situated here, originally endowed by the father of his country, and additionally by others. It was founded in 1812. It has a presi- dent and 5 professors, 126 alumni, 94 students, and 2,700 vols, in its libraries. The commence- ment is on the last Thursday in June. 100 shares of stock of the James River Company, left by Washington to foimd this college, yield annually about $2,500. The Virginia Military Institute is located here, and has 3 professors, and 60 cadets. It is on the plan of the U. S. Military Institution, at West Point, N. Y. Lexington, p-v., capital of Davidson co., N. C, 117 w. Raleigh, 338 W. Situated on the w. side of Abbott's creek, a branch of Vadkin r. It contains a court house, jail, several stores and dwellings. Lexington, p-v., capital of Oglethorpe co., Ga., 70 N. Milledgeville, 594 W. It contains a court house, jail, 2 churches — 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist — 2 academies, one of which has a building which cost $4,000, and has a fund of $4,00',), and is called, from its founder, " Mason Academy," 15 stores, a public library, and about 45 dwellings. Lexington, p-v., Lauderdale co., Ala., 158 n. Tuscaloosa, 761 W. Lexington, p-v., capital of Holmes co.. Miss., 62 N. Jackson, 997 W. Situated on the n. side of a branch of Yazoo r., and contains a court house and several dwellings. Lexington, p-v., capital of Henderson co., Tenn., 117 w. s. w. Nashville, 801 W. Situated on Beech r., a branch of Tennessee r., and con- tains 1 Cumberland Presbyterian and 1 Metho- dist church, 1 academy, 7 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 2 tanneries, 32 dwellings, and 228 in- habitants. Lexington, city, and capital of Fayette co., Ky., is situated on a branch of the Elkhorn r., in 38° 6' n. lat., and 48° 18' w. Ion., 24 e. s. e. Frankfort, 85 s. Cincinnati, 74 e. Louisville, 522 W. Pop. 1820, 5,279 ; 1830, 6,404 ; 1840, 6,997 It is the oldest town in the state, was formerly LEX 344 LIB the capital, and is one of the neatest and best built places in the western states. It is regular- ly laid out, and some of the streets are paved. ITie main street is 80 feet wide, and U m. in length, and the principal roads leading to the city are macadamized, for some distance from it. Many of the streets are bordered with fine shade trees, and its environs are beautil'ul, and orna- mented with elegant residences. There is a pub- lic square near the centre of the place, surround- ed by fine brick buildings. The city contains about 1,200 dwellings, and has 10 churches— 2 Presbyterian, 1 Campbellite, 1 Episcopal, 1 Bap- tist, 1 Meihodist, 1 Unitarian, 1 Roman Catholic, and 2 African, 1 of them Methodist, and the other Baptist. Among the public buildings are a court house and jail, a splendid masonic hall, one of the finest buildings in the state, the State Lunatic Asylum, and the Halls of Transylvania University. This university was founded in 1798, and has a classical, medical, and law de- partment. It has a president and 14 professors, or other instructors. The classical department has about 100 students, the law 78, and the medi- cal 260, making 438 in the whole. The medical graduates of this institution are more numerous than those of any similar institution in the United States, excepting that of Philadelphia. The libraries of tne university amount to 12,242 vols. The commencement is on the second Thursday in September. There are in the city, 2 acade- mies, and 3 male and 2 female schools, of a high order. This city is more celebrated for its intel- ligent and polished society, and as an elegant place of residence, than for the bustle of busi- ness. It had in 1840, 2 for. commission houses, cap. $35,500 ; 72 retail stores, cap. $392,285 ; value of machinery produced, $12,800; hard- ware, cutlery, &c., $10,000; 1 woollen fac, 9 ropewalks, cap. $186,860; 3 tanneries, 1 brewery, 4 printing offices, 1 bindery, 3 weekly and 2 semi-weekly newspapers, and 7 periodicals. Cap. in manufac. $428,340. 1 college, 389 stu- dents, 2 acad. 65 students, 12 sch. 686 scholars. It is said that the mime was given to this place by the survt^yors, who, while laying it out, re- ceived intelligence of the battle of Lexington. In 1797 it contained only 50 houses. The coun- try around the city is one of the most fertile districts in the United States. Le.xington, t., St. Clair co., Mich. It has 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manul'ac. $23,000. 3 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 413. Lexington, t.. Stark co., O. It contains 1 sch. 27 scholars. Pop. 1,637. Le.kinoton, p-v., Troy t., Richland co., O., 56 N. N. E. (^olumbus, 385 W. Situated on Clear fork of Mohiccan cr., and contains 3 churches, 4 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 carding and fulling m., 80 dwellings and about 400 inhabitants. Lexington, p-v., capital of Scott co., la., 89 s. by E. Indianapolis, 577 W. It is situated on the head waters of Muscatatack fork of White r., 11 miles w. of the Ohio r. It contains a court house, 3 stores, and about 200 inhabitants. Lexington, p-v., McLean co.. 111., 90 n. e. Springfield, 757 W. Lexington, p-v., capital of La Fayette co.. Mo., 132 w. N. w. Jefferson city, 1,046 W. It is situated U m. s. of the Missouri r. It contains a court house, jail, a U. S. land office, several stores and dwellings. There are in the t. 4 Bch. 145 scholars. Pop. 2,354. Lexington, ('. H., Lexington dist., S. C, 12 w. Columbia, 518 W. Situated on a small branch of Saluda r., and contains a court house, jail, an academy, several stores and dwellings. Leyden, p-t., Franklin co., Mass., 102 w. w- w. Boston, 4 12 W. The surface is mountainous ; soil, adapted to grazing. Wa'ered by Green r., a branch of Deerfield r. Incorporated in 1809. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,000. 5 sch. 250 scholars. Pop. 632. Leyden, p-t., Lewis co., N. Y., 15 s. Martins- burg, 120 N. w. Albany, 425 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, fertile sandy loam. Drained by jMoo.se and Black rivers. It has 5 stores, cap. .$22,600 ; 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 2 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,015. 10 sch. 556 scholars. Pop. 2,438. Liberty, county, Ga. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and contains 660 sq. miles. It has the Atlantic on its s. e. border, and Altamaha r. on its s. w. border. Watered by Little Cannou- chee r. and Taylor's cr. The surface is level. Capital, Riceboro.' There were in 1840, neat cattle 14,581, sheep 3,196, swine 7,539; Indian corn 90,847 bushels produced, oats 6,182, pota- toes 88,474, rice 223,297 poimds, cotton 1,347,421, sugar 8,450 ; 9 stores, $39,230 ; 7 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,750. 6 acad. 166 stu dents, 1 sch. 7 scholars. Pop. whites 1,645, slaves 5,561, free col'd 35 ; total, 7,241. Liberty, p-t., Waldo co.. Me., 20 e. Augusta, 616 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Wa- tered by a branch of St. George's r., issuing from 2 ponds. Incorporated in 1827. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,400 ; 1 tannery, 5 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $6,900. 6 sch. 321 scholars. Pop. 895. Liberty, p-t., Sullivan co., N. Y., 119 s. w. Albany, 304 W. The surface is mountainous ; soil, gravelly loam. Drained by CoUikoon cr. and other branches of the Delaware r. The v. contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Episcopal church, 1 store, 15 dwellings, and about 75 inhabitants. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $9,500 ; 1 ful- ling m., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 17 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $24,500; 11 sch. 583 scholars. Pop. 1,.569. Liberty, v., Conhocton t., Steuben co., N. Y. It contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 3 stores, 40 dwellings, and about 300 in- habitants. Liberty, p-t., Tioga co., Pa., 123 n. by w. Harrisburg, 233 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravel and clay. It has 3 stores, cap. .$8,500; 1 woollen far., 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,808. 1 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 1,128. Liberty, t., Adams co.. Pa. It has 2 distiller ries, 4 fiouring m., 6 saw m. Pop. 773. Liberty, t., Columbia co., Pa. The surface is chiefly level ; soil, clay. Drained by Chilisqua- que and IMahoning creeks. It has 2 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 1 distillery, 5 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,389. 4 sch. 170 scholars. Pop. 1,328. Liberty, t, Susquehanna co.. Pa. It has 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,000. 6 sch. 121 scholars. Pop. 554. Liberty, t., McKean co.. Pa. It has 6 stores, cap. $18,100; 1 distillery, 4 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $30,500. 1 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 198. Liberty, p-v., capital of Bedford co., Va., 142 w. by s. Richmond, 217 W. Situated on a branch of Otter r., and contains a court house, jail, 3 churches — 2 Baptist and 1 Free — a masonic hall, 5 stores, 1 tobacco fac, 2 tanneries, 70 dwellings, and about 375 inhabitants. Liberty, p-v., Hall co., Ga., 130 n. n. w. Mil- ledgeville, 609 W. Liberty, p-v., De Kalb co., Tenn., 50 e, LIB 345 Lie Nashville, 631 W. Situated on the n. side of a branch of Cany fork o'' Cumberland r. It has 1 church, 1 store, and several dwellings. Liberty, p-v., capital of Casey cc, Ky., 69 s. Frankfort, 5^3 W. Situated on the n. side of Green r. It has a court house and 135 inhabit- ants. Liberty, p-v., Jefferson t., Montgomery co., O., 7 w. Dayton, 75 w. by s. Columbus, 463 W. It contains 1 church, 3 stores, and about 350 inhabitants. Liberty, t., Adams co., O. It has 3 stores, cap. $1,200; I flouring m., 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,0-48. 1 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 1,493. Liberty, t., Butler co., O. It has 4 sch. 106 scholars. Pop. 1,479. Liberty, t., Clinton co., O. It has 3 stores, cap. $2,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,524. 7 sch. 421 scholars. Pop. 1,049. Liberty, t., Crawford co., O. It has 8 sch. 590 scholars. Pop. 1,469. Liberty, t, Delaware co., O. It has 7 sch. 170 scholars. Pop. 811. Liberty, t., Fairfield co., O. The Ohio canal passes through the t. Pop. 2,778. Liberty, t., Guernsey co., O. It has 5 sch. 176 scholars. Pop. 702. Liberty, t., Hancock co., O. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $300. 5 sch. 251 scholars. Pop. 5'J2. Liberty, t., Hardin co., O. Pop. 170. Liberty, t., Highland co., O. It has 88 stores, cap. $150,000; 7 fulling m., 23 tanneries, 1 dis- tillery, 3 potteries, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers, 7 flouring m., 25 grist m., 24 saw m., 3 oil m. Cap. in manu'ac. $45,337. 2 acad. 150 students, 12 sch. 800 scholars. Pop. 3,521. Liberty, t., Jackson co., O. It has 1 store, cap. $150; 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $200. Pop. 474. Liberty, t., Knox co., O. It abounds with yellow poplar, which is nearly equal to white pine. I'he v. called 3Iount Liberty contains 2 stores, and 12 or 15 dwellings. Pop. 1,205. Liberty, t.. Licking co., O. It has 10 sch. 439scliolars. Pop. 1,115. Liberty, t., Logan co., O. It has 5 sch. 150 scholars. Pop. 803. Liberty, t., Seneca co., Ohio. It has 1 store, 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Capital in manufac. $735. 7 schools, 221 scholars. Pop. 1,034. Liberty, t.. Van Wert co., O. Pop. 117. Liberty, p-t., Jackson co., Mich., 79 w. De- troit, 539 VV. It has 2 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 525. Liberty, p-v., capital of Union co., la., 72 e. by s. Indianapolis, 515 W. Situated on the e. side of Silver cr., a branch of Whitewater r. It contains a brick court house, an academy. 4 stores, a steam saw m., and about 500 inhabit- ants. Liberty, t.. Grant co., la. Pop. 500. Liberty, t., Henry co., la. It has 3 sch. 83 scholars. Pop. ],S13. Liberty, t., Shelby co., la. Pop. 767. Liberty, t., Wabash co., la. It has 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 471. Liberty, p-v., Adams co., 111., 90 w. Spring- field, 870 W. Liberty, p-v., capital of Clay co.. Mo., 159 w. N. w. Jefferson city, 1,072 W. It contains 5 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Dutch Reformed, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Roman Catholic — 2 academies, 14 stores, and 1,127 mhabitants. Liberty, p-v., capital of Araite co., Miss., 101 44 s. s. w. Jackson, 1,101 W. Situated on the E. side of the w. fork of Amite r., and contains a court house and several dwellings. Liberty, t., Callaway co., Mo. It has 2 sch. 56 scholars. Pop. 866. Liberty, t., Crawford co., Mo. It has 1 sch 20 scholars. Pop. 265. Liberty, t., Macon co.. Mo. It has 3 sch. 70 scholars. Pop. 1,107. Liberty, t., Madison co., Mo. It has 2 sch. 31 scholars. Pop. 424. Liberty, t., Marion co., Mo. It has 4 sch. 155 scholars. Pop. 2,159. Liberty, t., St. Francis co.. Mo. It has 2 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 6.i6. Liberty, t., Washington co.. Mo. It has 2 sch. 56 scholars. Pop. 747. Liberty, t., Jackson co., Mich. It has 1 dis- tillery, 2 .saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,250. 2 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 525. Liberty, p-t.. Pope co.. Ark., 93 n. w. Little Rock, 1,158 W. Pop. 300. Liberty Corners, p-o., Somerset co., N. J., 40 N. Trenton, 211 W. It contains a store, and about 25 dwellings. Liberty Hall, p-o., Dallas co., Ala., 79 s. Tuscaloosa, 869 W. Liberty H.\ll, p-o., Wasliington co., Va., 291 w. by s. Richmond, 356 VV. Liberty Hall, p-o., Newberry dist., S. C, 57 w. N. w. Columbia, 491 W. Liberty Hill, p-o., New London co., Ct. Liberty Hill, p-o., Iredell co., N. C, 175 w. Raleigh, 333 W. Liberty Hill, p-o., Kershaw dist., S. C, 55 .\. E. Columbia, 482 W. Liberty Mili,s, p-v.. Orange co., Va., 79 n. w. Richmond, 100 W. Liberty Mills, p-o., Wabash co., la., 115 n. by E. Indianapolis, 6J4 W. Liberty 1ow.\, p-v., Frederick co., Md., 70 N. w. Annapolis, 55 VV. Libertyville, p-o.. New Paltz t., Ulster co., N. Y., 78 s. by w. Albany, 303 VV. Situated on the bank of the Wallkill, and contains 1 store, 1 grist m., 1 fulling m. and carding machine. Libertyville, p v., Sussex co,N. J., 90 n. Trenton, 259 W. Situated 3 ms. e. of Blue moun- tain. Libertyville, p-o., Lake co., 111., 239 n. n. E. Springfield, 745 W. Lick Creek, p-o., Clinton co., Ky., 128 s Franktbrt, 6;;0 VV. Lick Creek, p-o., Hickman co., Tenn., 40 s. VV. Nashville, 724 W. Lick, t., Jackson co., O. Named from a salt hck within its limits. It has 10 sto-es, capital $12,200 ; 2 tanneries. Cap. in manufac. $2,150. 2 sch. 53 scholars. Pop. 822. Licking, r., Ky., rises in Floyd co., and after a course of 180 m». falls into the Ohio r. at New- port, opposite to Cincinnati. It is navigable for 70 miles. Licking, r., O., a large w. branch of Muskin- gum r., formed by the union of 3 principal branch- es, I r-ar Newark. It furnishes extensive water power, particularly by a dam at its mouth. Licking, county, O. Situated a little s. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 666 sq. miles. The surface is an elevated table land. The soil is very fertile. Watered by Licking r. and its branches, a branch of Muskingum r., which afford extensive water power. Iron ore is extensively found. The Ohio canal passes through the co. Capital, Newark. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 31,354, sheep 53,419, swine 45,504: wheat 546,471 bushels produced, rye 9,184, Indian corn LIM 346 LIV 831,794, buckwheat 15,733, oats 465,392, potatoes 107.241, tobacco 121,6'J3 pounds, sugar 102,383 ; 11 commission houses, cap. !ij44,(XJ0; 103 stores, cap. S318,2'J5; 1 I'lirnace, 6 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 21 tanneries, 5 dislilleries, 1 brewery, 13 llouring m., "23 grist m., 72 saw m., 2 oil m. 3 jirinting oflices, 4 weekly newspapers. Cap. in inanufac. S31'J,565. 5 acad. 555 students, 129 sell. 6,017 scholars. Pop. 35,0UG. Licking, t.. Licking co., O. Situated on the national road, and contains the v. of Jackson, it has 2 sch. 107 scholars. Pop. 1,215. LiCKi.NG, t., Muskingum co., O. Situated on the Ohio canal. It contains 2 churches, and 2 large ancient mounds. LicKi.NG, p o., Fleming co., Ky., 85 e. by n. Frankfort, 4S7 W. Licking Creek, t., Bedford co., Pa. It has 3 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,950. Pop. '^24. Licking Grove, p-o., Pendleton co., Ky., 63 N. E. Fraiikfcrt, 514 W. Licking Station, p-o., Rlorgan co., Ky., 132 E. by s. Frankfort, 479 W. Licking V.\lley, p-o., Kenton co., Ky. LicKviLLE, p-v., Greenville dist., S.C., 106 n. w. by vv. Columbia, 519 W. Light's Cokneiis, p-o., Waldo co., Me., 25 e. Augusux, 621 W. Light Strekt, p-o., Columbia co.. Pa. Ligoniek, p-t., Westmoreland co.. Pa., 149 w. Harrisburg, 175 W. Situated in a valley. Soil, calcareous loam. Drained by Loyahaiuia creek and its branches. The v. contains 1 Presbyte- ri;ui and 1 Methodist church, 3 stores, 1 taiuiery, 1 sch. 50 scholars, about 35 dwellings, and 294 inhabitants. There are in the t. 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 4 flouring m., 1 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $16,668. 9 sch. 324 scholars. Pop. 2,201. Lilesvim.e, p-v., Anson co., N. C, 141 s. w. by w. Raleigh, 417 W. LiM.\, p-t., Livingston co., N. Y., 213 w. Alba- ny, 399 W. The surface is rolling ; soil, a fertile clay and calcareous loam. Drained by Iloneoye cr. and its tributaries. The v. contains 1 Pres- byterian and 1 Methodist church, the Genesee Wesleyan Seminary, 4 stores, 100 dwelling.^, and about 000 inhabitants. There arc in the t. 7 stores, cap. $26,075 ; 1 furnace, 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 llouring m., 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,420. 1 acad. 5.50 students, 9 sch. 230 scholars. Pop. 2,176. Lima, p-v., Delaware co., Pa., 88 E. s. e. Har- risburg, 122 VV. Lima, p-v., capital of Allen co., O., 101 n. \v. by w. Columbus, 472 W. Situated on Ottawa r., 20 ms. from its mouth. It contains 3 churches, a U. S. laud office, 8 stores, and about 6U0 in- habitants. Lima, t., Licking co., O. It has 5 schools 262 scholars. Pop. 739. Lima, p-t., Washtenaw co., Mich., 51 w. De- troit, 539 VV. The v. is situated on a branch of Mill cr., and conlahis 2 stores and several dwell- ings. There are in the I. 2 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 1 Baw m. Lima, p-v., Adams co., 111., 122 w. Springfield, 902 W. It contains 10 or 12 dwellings. Lima, p-v., capital of La Grange co., la., 175 N. by E. Indianapolis, 578 VV. It is situated in the s. w. corner of Mongoquinong prairie, on the n. bank of Pigeon r., and contains a court house, jail, 2 churches — 1 Methodist, 1 Presbyterian — 6 stores, 1 sch. 30 scholars, and 178 inhabitants. There are in the t. 9 stores, cap. $33,250 ; 1 tan- nery, 1 grist m, 3 saw ni. Cap. in manufactures $8,405. 1 college 60 students, 1 acad. 80 students, 3 sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 584. Li.MDER Lost, p-o., Adams co., la. LiMANviLLE, p-v.. Stark co., O., 144 N. E. Co- lumbus, 307 W. Lime (^reek, p-o., Lenawee co., Mich., 86 s w. Detroit, 515 VV. Li.MERicKj3-t., York CO., Me., 76 s. w. Augiis- ta, 535 VV. The soil is fertile. Watered by Lit- tle Ossipee river. The v. contains an academy. Chartered in 1787. It has 9 stores, cap. $21,000 ; 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 3 grist ni., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,650. 1 acad. 130 students, 613 scholars in .schools. Pop. 1,508. Limerick, p-v.. Brownville t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 172 N. w. Albany, 424 W. Situated on Perch river, and contahis 2 stores, 1 saw m., 33 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Li.MEiiicK, p-t., Montgomery co., Pa., 78 E. Harrisburg, 167 VV. Sciiuylkill r. runs on its s. w. border. It lias 2 stores, cap. $4,500 ; 1 lum- ber yard, cap. $3,000 ; 1 tannery. Cap. in man- ufac. $5,125. Pop. 1,786. Lime Rock, p-v., Smithfield t.. Providence co., R. I., 10 N. Providence, 410 VV. It contains a bank, a church, several stores and dwellings. Li.ME Ridge, p-o., Columbia co.. Pa. Lime Rock, p-o., Litchfield co., Ct., 47 w. Hart- ford, 339 W. Li.MFJSTONE, county, Ala. Situated in the n. part of the stale, and contains 575 sq. ms. Ten- nessee r. runs on its s. border. VV'atered by Elk r. and its branches, Swan r., Piney and Lime- stone crs. Capital, Athens. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,740, sheep 9,050, swine 45,821 ; wheat 32,599 bush, produced, rye 2,373, Ind. corn 980,240, oats 113,615, potatoes 29,560, tobacco 15,512 pounds, cotton 5,772,948; 11 stores, cap. $98,355 ; 3 tanneries, 9 distilleries, 20 grist m., 10 saw ra., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $28,415. 5 acad. 155 students, 23 sch. G83 scholars. Pop. whites 7,498, slaves 6,840, free col'd 36 ; total, 14,374. Limestone, t., Clinton co., Pa. It has 1 grist ra. Pop. 200. Limkstone, t., Columbia co.. Pa., 10 n. w. Dan- ville. The surface is level ; soil, calcareous loam. Watered by Chilisquaque cr. and Limestone run. It has 1 store, cap. $15,000; 1 tannery, 1 distil- lery, 1 saw ni. Cap. in manufac. $2,150. 4 sch. 180 scholars. Pop. 646. Limestone, t., Warren co.. Pa. It has 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,000. 3 sch. 26 scholars. Pon. 129. Limestone, t., Lycoming co.. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,200. 4 sch. 125 scholars. Pop. 800. LiME.sTONE, p-v., Armstrong co., Pa., 154 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 262 VV. Limestone, p-o.. Buncombe co., N. C, 266 w. by s. Raleigh, 496 VV. Limestone, p-o., Houston co., Ga., 67 s. w. 3Iilledgeville, 724 W. Li.mestone, p-o., Hamilton co., Tenn., 144 s. e. Nashville, 5si W. Limestone Springs, p-o., Spartanburg dist., S. C, 93 N. w. Columbia, 450 W. Limkstone Wei.ls, p-o., Stokes co., N. C, 103 w. N. w. Raleigh, 314 VV. Livingston, p-t., York co.. Me., 70 s. w. Au- gusta, 541 W. Saco r. bounds it on the n. e., and Little Ossipee r. on the s. E. The soil is fer- tile. Incorporated in 1762. It has 7 stores, cap. $13,200; 1 lulling m., 1 grist m., 1 saw ni. Cap. in manufac. $15,070. 18 sch. 347 scholars. Pop. 2,210. LIN 347 LIN Lincoln, county, Me. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 950 sq. ms. Watered by Kennebec, Sheepscot, Damaviscotta, Muscon- gus, and St. George rs. The Atlantic bounds it on the s., having many inlets, forming many fine harbors. The soil is productive, but the principal attention is directed to commerce, the coasting trade, and the fisheries. Capitals, Wiscasset, Topsham, and Warren. There were in 1810, neat cattle 39,904, sheep 71,473, swine 12,066 ; wheat 27,813 bush, produced, rye 10,534, Indian corn 104,863, barley 83,265, oats' 42,321), potatoes 1,143,407 ; 14 commercial houses in foreign trade, cap. $422,926 ; 385 stores, cap. §695,230 ; 13 lum- ber yards, cap. $71,050 ; cap. invested in fisheries, $187,906; 27 fulling m., 3 furnaces, 47 tanneries, 2 potteries, 2 flouring m., 66 grist m., 178 saw m., 1 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 1 bindery, 4 week- ly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $1,251,323. 1 college, 17 students, 12 acad. 586 students, 360 sch. 18,986 scholars. Pop. 63,517. Lincoln, county, i\. C. Situated toward the W. part of the state, and contains 1,200 sq. miles. Great Catawba r. runs on its e. border. Watered by Little Catawba r. and its branches, and Dutch- man's and Buffalo crs., the last of which flows into Broad r. Capital, Ijincolnton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 26,573, sheep 18,099, swine 45,833 ; wheat 185,373 bush, produced, rye 6,810, oats 84,324, potatoes 42,860, tobacco 25,000 pounds, cotton 1,479,396; 30 stores, cap. $175,500; 1 full- ing m., 1 cotton fac. 1,284 sp., 20 tanneries, 356 distilleries, 3 potteries, 56 flouring m., 90 grist m., 75 saw m., 7 oil m., 1 paper lac, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. .$89,7€0. 5 acad. 162 students, 80 sch. 1,925 scholars. Pop. whites 19,658, slaves 5,386, free col'd 116 ; total, 25,160. Lincoln, county, Ga. Situated toward the n. E. part of the state, and contains 220 sq. ms. Sa- vannah r. runs on its n. e. border, and Little r. on its s. border. Watered by Fishing and Soap crs., which flow into the Savannah. Capital, Lincoln- ton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,039, sheep 2,130, swine 19,951; wheat 14,148 bush, prod., Ind. corn 97,187, oats 23,484, potatoes 3,633, cot- ton 3,206,799 pounds; 7 stores, cap. $19,300; 3 acad. 125 students, 12 sch. 362 schol's. Pop. whites 2,527, slaves 3,339, free colored 29 ; total, 5,895. Lincoln, county, Tenn. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 650 sq. ms. Drain- ed by Elk r. and its branches. Capital, Fayette- ville! There were in 1840, neat cattle 20,718, sheep 22,058, swine 98,665 ; viheat 104,557 bush, produced, rye 8,805, Indian corn 1,436,575, oats , 239,896, potatoes 29,029, tobacco 24,182 pounds, cotton 484,518, sugar 19,.381; 21 stores, capital $111,000; 1 cotton fac. 126 sp., 14 tanneries. 87 distilleries, 12 flouring m., 40 grist m., 22 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $92,324. 4 acad 135 suidents, 41 sch. 1,244 scholars. Pop. whites 17,217, slaves 4,221, free col'd 55; total, 21,493. Lincoln, county, Ky. Situated a little e. of the centre of the state, and contains 432 sq. miles. Drained by Dick's r. and its branches, tributary of Kentucky r., and by head branches of Green r. The surface is an elevated table land. Capi- tal, Stanford. There were in 1840, neat cattle 14,445, sheep 17,544, swine 23,525 ; wheat 38,885 bush, produced, r\'e 21,981, Indian corn 455,280, oats 95,927, potatoes iLOH, sugar 9,834 pounds ; 8 stores, cap. $60,200 ; 7 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 5 flouring rn., .5 grist m., 3 saw m., 3 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $45,476. 3 acad. 150 students, 5 sen. 153 scholars. Pop. whites 6,532, slaves 3,450, free col'd 155 ; total, 10,187. IjIncoln, county. Mo. Situated in the E. part of the state, and contains 576 sq. ms. Drained by Cuivre r. and its branches. Capital, Troy. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,066, sheep 8,198, swine 22,800; wheat 27,321 bush, prod., Ind. corn 347,225, oats 48,382, potatoes 12,566, tobacco 519,659 povinds, sugar 18,063 ; 23 stores, cap. $12!),440 ; 5 tanneries, 10 distilleries, 5 flour- ing m., 22 grist m., 13 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $114,795. 1 acad. 72 students, 11 sch. 277 scholars. Pop. whites 5,873, slaves 1,572, free col'd 4 ; total, 7,449. Lincoln, p-t., Penobscot co.. Me., 117 n. n. e. Augusta, 712 W. Penobscot r. bounds it on the N. w. Watered by Matanaucook r. The soil is very fertile. It has 6 stores, cap. $7,500 ; 1 tan- nery, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $900. 11 sch. 401 scholars. Pop. 1.121. Lincoln, p-t., Grafton co., N. H., 62 n. by w. Concord, 543 W. The surface is mountainous. Drained by Pemigev^'asset r. and its branch, Mer- rimac r. It has 3 schools, 34 scholars. Pop. 76. Lincoln, p-t., Addison co., Vt., 55 s. w. Mont- pelier, 495 W. Chartered in 1780, but not set- tled until 1790. The surface is uneven. Water- ed by New Haven r., and a branch of Mud r. Settled originally by Friends, who have a church. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000; 3 forges, 7 saw m. Capital in manufac. $3,500. 8 sch. 310 scholars. Pop. 770. Lincoln, p-t., Middlesex co., Mass., 16 w. by N. Boston, 434 W. The surface is uneven anil rough ; soil, various, from the poorest to the best. Bounded w. by Sudbury r., a branch of Concord r. Drained by a branch of Charles r., issuing from a pond near its centre. It contains 1 Con- gregational church, 2 stores, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 4 sch. 200 scholars. Pop. 686. Lincoln, p-t., Delaware co., O., 44 n. Colum- bus, 405 W. It has 6 sch. 106 scholars. Pop. 549. Lincoln, p-v., Macoupin co.. El., 59 s. by w. Springfield, 799 W. Situated near the head of Wood r. Lincoln, p-v,, Yazoo co.. Miss., 40 n. w. .Jackson, 1,029 W. Situated on the e. side of Yazoo r. Lincoln Centre, p-o., Lincoln t., Penobscot CO., Me., 119 N. E. Augusta. 714 W. LiNcoLNTON, p-v., capital of Lincoln co,, N. C, 172 w. by s. Raleigh. 4 19 W. Situated on the E, side of Little Catawba r. It contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Lutheran, and 1 Methorlist — 2 academies, 9 stores, 85 dwellings, and 836 inhabitants. There are several impor- tant mills and manufactures of cotton, iron, and paper, in the vicinity. LiNcoLNTON, p-v., capital of Lincoln co., Ga., 98 N. E. Milledgeville, 566 W. It contains a court house, jail, a Baptist church, several stores, and about 15 dwellings. LiNCOLNviLLE, p-t,, Waldo CO,, Me,, 10 s. Belfast, 49 e. by .s. Augusta, 63-i W. Penobscot r. is on its e. border. There is a large pond on its s. w, border, from which flows Megunticook r. It has a fine harbor in its_ n. part, called Duck Trap, where ducks were formerly found and killed in great nimibers. It has considerable coastmg trade. The t. contains 10 stores, cap. $4,300 ; 1 fulling m,, 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap, in manufac, $12,167. 1 acad. 30 stu- dents, 15 sch. 728 scholars. Pop. 2,048. Linden, p-o,, Genesee co., N. Y., 250 w. by N.Albany, 368 W. Linden, p-v., capital of Marengo co., Ala., 80 s. by w. Tuscaloosa, 892 W. Situated on the LIN 348 LIS B. eide of Chickasaw bogue cr., and 8 ms. E. of Tombigbee r. It contains a court house, and several stores and dwellings. Linden, po., Clark co., Miss., 135 E. by s. Jackson, 966 W. LiNDLEYS po., Ohio CO., Ky., 166 w. s. w. Frankfort, 708 W. Lindley's Mills, p-o., Washington co., Pa., 233 w. Harrisburg, 247 W. Lindley's Store, p-o.. Orange co., N. C, 47 N. w. lialcigh, 303 W. LiNDLEY, t., Steuben co., N. Y., 25 s. e. Bath, 221 E. s. E. Albiiny. The surface is liilly ; soil, clay and sandy loam. Drained by Tioga r. The Corning and Blossburg railroad passe.s through the t. It has 2 stores, cap. .$18,000 ; 1 grist in., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §19,855. 3 sell. 135 scholars. Pop. 63S. LiNDLEYTOWN, p-0., Lindley t., Steuben co., N. Y., 229 w. by s. Albany, 270 W. LiNDSEY, t., Benton co.. Mo. It has 1 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 811. LiND.^AYviLLE, p-0., Wilson CO., Tenn., 23 e Nashville, 669 W. LiNUSAVviLLE, p-v., Oswego CO., N. Y., 174 w. N. w. Albany, 400 W. Li.NE Creek, p-o., Greenville dist., S. C, 100 N. w. by \v. Columbia, 325 W. Link Creek, p-o., Montgomery co., Ala., 138 s. e. Tuscaloosa, 839 W. Line Le.xington, p-v., Bucks co.. Pa., 93 e. Harrisburg, 162 W. It lies partly in 3 towns and 2 counties, and contains 12 or 14 dwellings. Line 3Iills, po., Crawford co.,Pa., 249 n. w. by w. Harrisburg, 315 W. Line Store, p o.. Hinds co., Miss., 22 s. by w. Jackson, l,03i W. LiNGLESTOw.v, p-v., Lower Paxton t., Dauphin CO., Pa., 8 N. \. E. Harri-sburg, 118 W. It con- tains a Lutheran church, 2 stores, and about 25 dwellings. LiNKLAEN, p-t., Chenango co., N. Y., ]22 w. Albany, 336 W. Tlie surface is undulating; soil, argillaceous loam. Drained by branches of Ostelic r. It has 1 store, cap. .$1,400; 1 fulling in., 2 tanneries, 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. 83,15!}. 9 sch. 354 scholars. Pop. 1,249. Linn, county, Iowa. Situated in the w. part of the ter., and contains 720 sq. ms. Organized in 1837. Drained by VVabesipinica r. and Bul- falo cr., and Cedar fork of Iowa r. The surface is gently undulating; .soil, very fertile. Capital, Marion. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,491, sheep 259, swine 2,523 ; wheat 5,908 bush, pro- duced, Ind. corn 24,654, oats 2,993, potatoes 5,669, sugar 4,804 pounds ; 6 stores, cap. $15,300 ; 4 saw ni. Cap. in manufac. $5,003. 1 sch. 12 scholars. Pop. 1,373. Linn, county. Mo. Situated toward the n. Eart of the state, and contains 583 sq. ms. Draiii- y Locust and Yellow creeks, (^ajiital, Linncus. There were in 1810, neat cattle 2,134, sheep 1,219, swine 6,076 ; wlieat 2,S34 bush, produced, Ind. corn 47,175, oats 4,5S4, potatoes 1,600. to- bacco 7,012 pound.s ; 4 stores, cap. 1,806. Pop. whites 2,102, slaves 143 ; total, 2,215. LiNNEus, p-t., Aroostook co.. Me., 8 s. %v. Houlton, 190 N. N. E. Augusta, 785 W. Drained by a branch of .Matawamkeag r. Incorporated m 1837. The soil is fertile, it has 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 2 sch. 134 scholars. Pop. 311. LiNNEiTS, p-v., capital of Linn co.. Mo., 136 n. w. by N. Jefferson city, 1,030 W. LiNNviLLE, pv., Bowling Green t., Licking co., O., 35 E. Columbus, 358 W. Situated on the national road, and contains 1 church, 2 stores, 23 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. 1 LiNNViLLE, p-v., Jefferson co.. Mo., 112 e' Jefferson city, 851 W. LiNNviLLE Creek, p-o., Rockingham co., Va., 136 N. w. Richmond, 135 W. LiNNviLLE River, p o., Burke co., N. C, 209 w. Raleigh, 439 W. Linton, t., Coshocton co., O. Organized in 1811, and contains the v. ofPlainfield. There are 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 1 flouring m., 1 saw m. Pop. 1,196. LiNTO.x, p-o., Greene co., la., 87 s. w. Indian- apolis, 634 W. LioNviLLE, p-v., Chester co., Pa., 71 e. by s. Harrisburg, 127 W. LiroNA, p-o., Jefferson co., Flor., 15 e. Talla- hassee, 911 W. LippiT, p-o., Kent co., R. I., 11 Providence, 401 W. Liscomb's, p-o.. Orange co., N. C, 36 n. w. Raleigh, 278 W. Lisbon, p-t., Lincoln co.. Me., 33 s. s. w. Augus- ta, 572 W. Androscoggin r. runs on its s. w. border, and has here considerable falls. A bridge crosses the r. to Durham. It has 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,600. 11 sch. 439 schol- ars. Pop. 1,532. LisBo.M, p-t., Grafton co., N. II., 89 n. n. w Concord, 534 W. Watered by Great Ammonoo- suc r. and its branches. The soil on the streams is fertile, but in other parts various. Iron ore and limestone are found. It has 4 stores, cap. $13,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $163,750. 13 sch. 637 scholars. Pop. 1,682. Li.-^BON, pt., New London co., Ct., 7 n. Nor- wich, 43 s. E. Hartford, 361 W. The surface is uneven and hilly ; soil, gravelly loam, with some alluvial soil on the rs. Watered by Quinnebaug and Shetucket rivers, which unite at its s. part, taking the name of the latter. It has 2 parishes, with each a Congregational church. It has 3 stores, cap. $2,600 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 1,036 sp., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,400. 9 sch. 315 schol- ars. Pop. 1,052. Lisbon, p-t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 10 w. Canton, 218 n. n. w. Albany, 485 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, fertile loam. Drained by Grass r. St. Lawrence r. bounds it on the n. w. It has 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,360. 23 sch. 7% scholars. Pop. 3,308. Lisbon, p-v., Anne Arundel co., Md., 56 n. w. Annapolis, 60 W. Lisbon, p-o., Clermont co., O., 109 s. w. Co- lumbus, 4:^0 W. Lisbo.v, p-v., Bedford co., Va., 130 w. by s. Richmond, 225 W. Lisbon, p-v.. La Salle co., Bl., 154 n. n. e. Springlield, 772 W. LiSBo.v, v., capital of Calcasieu par.. La. Situa- ted on the E. side of Calcasieu r. It contains 1 store. LisBURN, p-v., Cumberland co.. Pa., 9 s. w. Harrisburg, 107 W. Situated on Yellow Breech- es cr. LisBURN, p-v., Sampson co., N. C, 113 s. s. E Raleigh, 343 W. Lisle, p-t.. Broome co., N. Y., 133 w. s. w. Albany, 310 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, clay and sandy loam. Drained by Touglinioga r. and its tributaries. It has 6 stores, cap. $17,000 ; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,150. 11 sch. 542 scholars. Pop. 1,360. Lisle, p-v.. Gasconade co., 3Io., 10 s. e. Jef- ferson city, 926 W. LIT 349 LIT LiSTON, p-0., Wabash co., la. Litchfield, county, Ct. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 8S5 sq. ms. The surface is elevated, and in some parts mountain- ous ; soil, generally gravelly loam, and fertile. Watered by Housatonic r. and its branches, and branches of Naugatuck and Farmington rivers, which afford extensive water power. Iron ore is found in Salisburj'^ and Kent, and extensively manufactured. Capital, Litchfield. There were in 1840, neat cattle 52,749, sheep 119,990, swine 30,421 ; wheat 23,574 bu.'ih. produced, rye 128,143, Ind. corn 219,278, buckwheat 59,625, oats 316,687, potatoes 568,880, silk cocoons 755 pounds, sugar 42,354; 131 stores, cap. ij;5~6,930; 14 furnaces, 36 forges, cap. employed $413,500 ; 34 fulling ra., 18 woollen fac, 5 cotton fac. 6.334 sp., 49 tanne- ries, 6 distilleries, 49 grist m., 139 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 paper fac, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspa- pers. Cap. in manufac. $994,247. 12 acad. 480 students, 282 sch. 9,667 scholars. Pop. 40,448. Litchfield, p-t., Kennebec co., Me., 11 s. s. w. Augusta, 584 W. Watered by branches of Cobbeseconte r., which runs on its n. e. border, proceeding from a large pond in the n. \v. part of the t. The soil is fertile. It has 6 stores, cap. $6,600; 3 grist in., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,558. 17 sch. 952 scholars. Pop. 2,293. Litchfield, t, Hillsboro' co., N. H., 30 s. by E. Concord. Situated on the e. side of Merrimac r., across which are 2 ferries. The soil is fertile. Organized in 1734. It has 2 stores, cap. $15,000 ; 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,495. 5 sch. 161 scholars. Pop. 480. Litchfield, p-t., capital of Litchfield co.,Ct., 100 N. N. E. New York, 32 w. Hartford, 326 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, a strong gravelly loam, well adapted to grazing. Incorporated in 1724. Watered by head brandies of Shepaug and Naugatuck rivers, which afford water power. In its s. w. part is the largest pond in the state, containing 900 acres. The v. is pleasantly silu- a'ed on the summit of a hill, principally built on 2 streets, crossing each other at right angles, at the intersection of which is a handsome square. It contains a neat court house, jail, 1 Congi-ega- tional and 1 Episcopal church, a female acade- my, one of the oldest, and long the most celebra- ted in the state, a branch of the Phoenix Bank of Hartford, 2 printing offices, 80 dwellings, and about 500 inhabitants. A law school was estab- lished here in 1784, by Hon. Tapping Reeve, with whom was afterwards associated the Hon. James Gould, which was long the most celebrated in the United States, and which has been discon- tinued since the death of its distinguished con- ductors. Many of the principal civilians in the United States have been educated at this school. The v. was incorporated in 1718. There are several other parishes in the t., wth villages and churches. South Farms, in the s. part of the t., contains a Congregational church and an acade- my. There are in the t., 21 stores, cap. $67,000 ; 7 fulling m., 5 woollen fac, 6 tanneries, 1 forge, 1 paper fac, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspa- pers, 6 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in man- ufac. $57,550. 3 acad. 65 students, 31 sch. 940 scholars. Pop. 4,038. Litchfield, p-t., Herkimer co., N. Y., 83 w. N. w. Albany, 3:i7 W. The surface is hilly ; Boil, calcareous loam. Watered by head branch- es of Unadilla r., and other streams, flowing into Mohawk r. It has 4 stores, cap. $11,000 ; 3 tan- neries, 1 distillery, 2 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $69,275. 11 sch. 455 scholars. Pop. 1,672. Litchfield, p-t., Bradford co., Pa., 156 n. Harrisburg, 266 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly loam. Watered by branches of Wepas- sining creek. It has 1 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,420. 5 sch. 245 scholars. Pop. 817. Litchfield, p-t., Medina co., O., 113 n. e. by X. Columfeus, 360 W. It has 2 stores, capital $3,500 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,300. 6 sch. 245 scholars. Pop. 787. Litchfield, p-t., Hillsdale co., Mich. Tlie soil is fertile, well adapted to grain. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,000. 3 sch. 112 schol- ars. Pop. 691. Litchfield, p-v., capital of Grayson co.,Ky., 109 s. w. by w. Franklbrt, 651 W. It contains a court house and several dwellings. Litchfield Corners, p-o., Kennebec co., 3Ie., 15 s. by w. Augusta, 5S0 W. Lithgow, p-o., Washington t., Dutchess co., N. Y., 75 s. Albany, 319 W. LiTHopoLis, p-v., Bloom t., Fairfield co., O., 17 s. e. Columbus, 388 W. Situated on elevated ground, and contains 1 church, 6 stores, 40 dwel- lings, and about 250 inhabitants. LiTiz, p-v., Warwick t., Lancaster co.. Pa., 45 E. by s. Harrisburg, 119 W. Settled by Moravi- ans, and contains 1 church, several stores, a sem- inary for young ladies, and about 80 dwellings. Little Be.wer, t., Beaver co., Pa. The sur- face is rolling ; soil, a fertile calcareous loam. Drained by a branch of Little Beaver cr. It has 6 stores, cap. $23,720 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 1 pottery, 4 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $38,550. 7 sch. 244 scholars. Pop. 1,254. Little Beaver Bridge, p-o., Columbiana co., O., 161 N. e. by E. Columbus, 268 W. Little Blue River, p-o., Shelby co., la., 36 s. E. Indianapolis, 554 W. Little Brit.^in, p-o., Hamptonburg t, Or- ange CO., N. Y., 93 s. by w. Albany, 286 W. Little Britain, t., Lancaster co.. Fa., 20 s. e. Lancaster. The surtace is undulating; soil, clay. Watered by Octarara cr. and its branches, and Conewingo cr. It has 10 stores, cup. $24,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 5 tanneries, 8 flour- ins m., 9 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $39,400. 9 sch. 360 scholars. Pop. 3,042. Little Cahaba, p-o., Jefferson co., Ala., 75 n. e. Tuscaloosa, 742 W. Little Co.mpton, p-t., Newport co., R. I., 38 .s. s. E. Providence. Situated at the e. entrance of Narraganset bay, having the .Atlantic on the s. The surface is diversified ; soil, a fertile loam. Settled in 1674. It has a Congregationalist and a Friends church, 6 stores, cap. $21,700; 1 tan- nery. Cap. in manufac. $1,50U. 7 sch. 144sr.hol- ars. Pop. 1,327. Little Creek, h., Kent co., Del. It has 6 stores, cap. $11,800: 1 lumber yard, cap. $300; C ap. in manufac. $2,750. 3 sch. 224 scholars. Pop. 2,050. Little Creek, h., Sussex co., Del. It has 13 stores, cap. $25,700; 1 forge, 4 tanneries, 11 grist m., 23 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,925. 1 acad. 53 students, 10 sch. 274 scholars. Pop. 2,973. Little Chucky, p-o., Greene co., Tenn. Little Crossi.ngs, p-o., Alleghany co., Md., 189 w. N. w. Annapolis, 1.57 W. Little Falls, p-t., Herkimer co., N. Y., 91 w. N. w. Albany, 390 W. The surface is hilly and mountainous ; soil, sandy and argillaceous loam. Fine quartz crystals are found here. Wa- tered by Mohawk r., on the s. side of which runs the Erie canal, and on the N. side, the Utica and LIT 350 LIT Schenectady railroad. The v. is situated on both sides of the Mohawk r., in a most romantic situa- tion, and contains 5 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Bapt'st, 1 Methodist, and 1 Roman Catholic — an academy, 2 printing offices, 1 bank, 30 stores and groceries, 1 woollen fac, 3 paper m., 3 flouring ni., 2 plaster m., 1 trip-hammer works, 4 furnaces, 1 machine shop, 1 distillery, 1 brewery, 1 fulling m.'; and 1 sash fac. The river here has a fall of 42 feet in half a mile, affording great water power. The Erie canal has a feeder, which crosses the r. in a fine aqueduct, 214 feet long and 16 wide, with walls 14 feet high, upheld by one arch of 70 feet span, and two others of 50 feet each. The canal passed ihe brow of a moun- tain here, which reached to the border of the r., by expensive digging and embankment. In wi- dening the canal, more ample room is obtained by occupying a part of the bed of the r., between an island and the s. bank. There are in the t., 34 stores, cap. $-18,500 ; 3 furnaces, 2 forges, 1 fulling m., 4 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 brewery, 3 paper fac, 2 printing offices, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 periodical, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $166,850. 8 sch. 810 scholars. Pop. 3,881. Little Falls, p-v., Passaic co., N. J., 79 n. E. by N. Trenton, 245 W. The Passaic r. here has a fall of 33 feet, affording a great water power. It contains 4 stores, 2 cotton fac. with 2,400 sp., 1 grist m., 3 saw mills, and about 50 dwellings. The Morris canal here crosse.s the r. by an aque- duct. Little Fort, p-v., capital of Lake co., 111. It is situated on the w. shore of Lake Michigan. Little Genesee, p o., Genesee t., Alleghany CO., N. Y., 288 w. by s. Albany, 309 W. Little Gu.npgwder, p-o., Baltimore co., Md., 46 N. by E. Annapolis, 56 W. Little HocKiiocKi.\G,p-o., Decatur t., Wash- ington CO., O., 107 E. s. E. Columbus, 314 W. Little Level, p-o., Pocahontas co., Va., 217 vv. N. w. Richmond, 252 W. Little M.\hanov, t., Xorthumberland co., Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $1,700 ; 1 tannery, 1 distille- ry, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,300. 1 sch. 38 scholars. Pop. 213. Little Marsh, p-o., Tioga co., Pa., 160 n. by w. Harrisburg, 274 W. Little Mp;adows, p-o., Susquehanna co , Pa., 19.< .N. N. E. Harrisburg, 2S9 W. Little Mill Creek, p-o., Delaware co., O., 36 N. Columbus, 420 W. Little 3Iui)1)v, p-o., Franklin co.. 111., 154 s. s. E. Springfield, H'-IC} W. Little Osage, p-o.. Bates co.. Mo., 158 w. s. w. Jefferson City, 1,094 W. Situated at the junction of Little Osage and Marmetou rivers. Little Pi.nev, p-o., Piila.ski co., Mo., 90 s. Jefferson City, 965 W. Situated at the junction of Little Piney with (Jasconade r. Little Ply.mouth, p-v., King and Queen co., Va., 60 E. by n. Richmond, 148 W. It contains 2 stores, a female seminary, 2 coach fac, 8 dwell- ings, and about 60 inhabitants. Little Prairie, p-o., Crawford co.. Mo., 73 S. e. Jefferson City, 945 W. Little Prairie, t.. New ^Sladrid co.. Mo. It has 1 sch. 35 scholars. Pop. 436. Little Prairik RoNDE,p.o., Cass co., Mich., 166 w. by s. Detroit, 623 W. Little, r., forms part of the boundary between N. C. and S. C, and runs into the Pedee. Little, r., Ga., flows into the Savannah, 30 ms. above Augusta. Little, r., Ky. runs into the e. side of Cum- berland r. Little, r., la., flows into the Wabash above Vincennes. Little River, p-o., Caldwell co., N. C, 172 w. Raleigh, 410 W. Little River, p-o., Horry dist., S. C, 224 e Columbia, 440 W. Little River, p-o., Columbia co., Florida. Little River Village, p-o., Lincoln co., 3Ie., 25 s. Augusta, 570 W. Little Rock, city, and capital of Pulaski co., and of the state of Arkansas. 1,065 Washington City. Situated on the s. bank of Arkansas r., 300 ms. above its mouth, by the course of the r. It is situated on a high rocky bluff", from 150 to 200 feet above the r., and is the first place in which rocks occur above its mouth. It is regu- larly laid out, and contains a state house, court house, jail, 5 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Epis- copal, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Roman Cath- olic — 2 banking houses, a theatre, an academy, a U. S. arsenal, a U. S. land oflice, a penitentiary, 21 stores, 2 steam saw and grist m., 2 printing offices, 500 dwellings, and 2,500 inhabitants. First .settled in 1820. Little Rock, p-o., Kane co., 111., 192 n. n. e. Springfield, 769 W. Little Sandusky, p-v., Pitt t., Crawford co., O., 56 N. Columbus, 419 W. Situated on Little Sandusky cr., one mile above its entrance into Sandusky r. It contains 3 stores, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Little Sodus, p-o., Sterling t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 181 w. by n. Albany, 364 W. LiTTLESTOwN, p-v., Adams co.. Pa., 42 s. w. Harrisburg, 77 W. Littleton, p-t., Grafton co., N. H., 83 n. n. w. Concord, 544 W. Situated on the e. side of Connecticut r., which, opposite to the t., passes down the rapids, denominated Fifteen 3Iile falls, extending to Bath. These rapids are impassable by boats. There are 3 bridges over the Con- necticut here. Ammonoosuck r. passes through tlie s. E. part of the t. Incorporated in 17S4. The v. is situated at the falls on this r. The t. has 4 stores, cap. $I9,')00 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $37,100. Littleton, p-t., Middlesex co., Mass., 26 w. .\. w. Boston, 426 W. Stony r., a branch of Mer- rimac r., runs on its .n. w. border, and in the s. part are 2 considerable ponds. Watered by Beaver branch of Concord r. Incorporated in 1715. The soil is tolerably fertile. It has 4 stores, cap. $6,500; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,800. 6 sch. 303 schol- ars. Pop. 927. Littleton, p-o., Sussex co., Va., 53 s. by e. Richmond, 172 W. Littleton, p-v., Halifax co., N. C, 78 n. e. by E. Raleigh, 210 W. Little Valley, p-t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 300 w. by s. Albany, 342 W. The surface is hilly and broken ; soil, various. Watered by Alleghany r. and its branches. It has 3 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,502. 4 sch. 205 scholars. Pop. 700. Littleville, v., Avon t., Livingston co., N. Y. It contains 1 Congregational church, 1 store, 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 20 dwellings, and about 100 inhabitants. Little Yadkin, p-o., Stokes co., N. C, 137 w. N. w. Raleigh, 330 W. Little Y'adkin, r. (See Yadkhi r.) Little Y'ork, p-o., Homer t., Cortland co., N Y., 134 w. Albany, 321 W. Little Y'ork, p-o., Hunterdon co.. N. J. LTV 351 LIV Little York, no., Butler t., Montgomery co., O., 75 w. by s. Columbus, 463 W. Little York, p-o., Wasliington co., la., 89 s. Lidianapolis, 594 W. Little York, p-o., Warren co., 111., 131 n. vv. Springfield, S61 W. LiTvvALTON, p-o., Lancaster co., Va. Lively, p-o., St. Clair co.. 111., 113 s. Spring- field, 822 W. LivKRMORE, p-t, Oxford CO., Me., 30 w. Au- gusta, 596 W. Situated on both sides of Andros- coggin r., wliich afTurds water power. Incor- porated in 1715. It has villages on the r. It contains 9 stores, cap. $13,000 ; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 3 gi-ist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,050. 22 bch. 1,146 scholars. Pop. 2,745. LivERMORE, p-o., Westmoreland co.. Pa., 176 w. Harrisburg, 204 W. LivERMORE, p-o., Oliio CO., Ky., 169 w. s. w. Frankfort, 711 W. LivERMORE Centre, p-o., Livermore t., Ox- ford CO., Me., 24 vv. Augusta, 600 W. Livermore Falls, p-o., Livermore t., Oxford CO., 3Ie., 26 w. Augusta, 604 W. Liverpool, p-v., Salina t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 136 vv. by n. Albany, 353 W. Situated on Onondaga lake, and contains 1 church, 10 stores, 150 dwellings, and about 1,000 inhabitants. It has saline springs belonging to the state, which produced in 1840, 802,951 bushels of fine salt. The Oswego canal passes through the place. Liverpool, p-b., and t.. Perry co.. Pa., 29 n. by w. Harrisburg, 139 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravel and slate on the hills, and calcareous loam in the valleys. Susquehanna r. bounds it on the E. The v. is situated at the mouth of a cr., on the w. bank of the Susquehanna r., where are extensive iron works, and contains 4 stores, 2 sch. 103 scholars, and 451 inhabitants. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 6 flouring m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,188. 5 sch. 198 scholars. Pop. 763. Liverpool, t., Columbiana co., O. It has 5 sch. 151 scholars. Pop. 1,096. Liverpool, p-t., Medina co., O., 125 n. e. by N. Columbus, 3o6 W. It has a fertile soil. Wa- tered by Rocky r. and its branches. It contains several churches. It has a sulphur spring, a rich petroleum spring, salt springs, and iron ore. There are in the t. 2 stores, cap. $3,500 ; 1 full- ing m., 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,900. 3 sch. 126 schol- ars. Pop. 1,500. Liverpool, p-v.. Lake co., la., 162 n. n. w. Indianapolis, 706 W. Situated on the s. side of Deep r., a branch of Caluraic r. Livingston, county, N. Y. Situated central- ly toward the w. part of the state, and contains 509 sq. ms. Drained by Genesee r. and Canase- raga cr. The soil is fertile, particularly on the streams. Gypsum and bog iron ore are found, and salt and sulphur springs. The latter, at Avon, are particularly celebrated. Capital, Geneseo. There were in 1840, neat cattle 29,849, sheep 163,3.15, swine 37,856 ; wheat 82.3,050 bush, pro- duced, rye 3,624, Ind. corn 184,730, buckwheat 26,483, barley 84,276, oats 305,619, potatoes 348,369, sugar 119,438 pounds; 121 stores, cap. $446,120; 12 furnaces, 14 fulling m., 4 woollen fac, 2 rope fac, 13 tanneries, 8 distilleries, 2 breweries, 1 pottery, 6 flouring m., 26 grist m., 66 saw m., 1 oil m., 4 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 2 binderies, 4 weekly newspapers. Cap. in man- ufac. $515,051. 6 acad. 782 students, 178 sch. 8,708 scholars. Pop. 35,140. Livings rox, parisli, La. Situated toward the s. E. part of the state, and contains 730 sq. ms Amite r. runs on its vv. and s. border into Lake Maurepas, which lies on its s. border. Lake Pontcharlrain lies on its s. E. border. Watered by small rivers, which enter those lakes. Capi- tal, Springfield. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,361, sheep 823, swine 10,373; Ind. corn 36,712 bush, produced, oats 1,500, potatoes 20,497, rice 83,930 pounds, cotton 250,445 ; 4 stores, cap. $12,000; 1 tannery, 12 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $30,520. 1 acad. 60 students, 1 sch. 71 scholars. Pop. whites 1,533, slaves 739, free col'd43; total, 2,315. Livingston, county, Ky. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 330 sq. ms. Ohio r. runs on its vv. border, Tennessee r. on its s. w. border, where it enters the Oliio. Cumberland r. passes through it, and here enters the Ohio. The surface is level or moderately uneven ; soil, fertile. Capital, Smithland. There were m 1840, neat cattle 9,284, sheep 7,623, swine 29,035; wheat 27,748 bush, produced, Ind. corn 421,415, oats 50,140, potatoes 10,695, tobacco 1^222,500 pounds ; 1 forge ; 19 stores, cap. $103,600"; 3 tan- neries, 4 distilleries, 9 grist m., 4 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $24,650. 2 acad. 63 students, 10 sch. 261 scholars. Pop. whites 7,338, slaves 1,588, free col'd 99 ; total, 9,025. Livingston, county, Mich. Situated central- ly toward the e. part of the state, and contains 576 sq. ms. Drained by Shiawassee r. on the n.. Cedar r. on the w., and Huron r. s. Surface, gently undulating ; soil, very fertile. Iron ore is found in the s. e. part, and salines near the centre. Capital, Howell. There were' in 1840, neat cattle 7,931, sheep 1,903, swine 10,952; wheat 84,943 bush, produced, Ind. corn 82,081, buckwheat 7,757, barley 3,623, oats 77,943, pota- toes 93,647 ; 12 stores, cap. $6i,500 ; 3 flouring m., 5 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $35,200. 69 sch. 1,777 scholars. Pop. 7,430. Livingston, county. 111. Situated n. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 1,026 sq. ms. Drained by Vermilion r. and its branches. The surface is gently undulating; soil, fertile. Capi- tal, Poniiac There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,015, sheep 1,112, swine 4,233; wheat 13,014 bush, produced, Ind. corn 55,S65, oats 14,920, po- tatoes 3,576, sugar 10,591 pounds; 1 store, 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $5,900. 3 sch. 44 scholars. Population, 759. Livingston, county. Mo. Situated toward the N. vv. part of the state, and contains 510 sq. ms. The surface is level ; soil, very fertile. Watered by Grand r. and its branches. Capital, Chilicothe. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,639, sheep 1,8 j3, swine 17,925; wheat 1,768 bush, produced, Ind. corn 135,593, oats 4,699, potatoes 3,537; 13 stores, cap. $29,000; 5 sch. 90 scholars. Pop. whites 4,082, slaves 241, free col'd 2 ; total, 4,325. Livingston, p-t., Columbia co., N. Y., 37 s. Albany, 334 W. The surface is diversified ; soil, clay, loam, and gravel. Drained by An- cram or Roeliff Jansen's cr., flowing into the Hud- son, which bounds it on the w. It has 6 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 fur- naces, 4 flouring m., 4 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $37,100. 10 sch. 417 scholars. Pop. 2,190. Livingston, p-t., Essex co., N. J., 9 n. w. Newark, 53 n. e. Trenton, 221 W. The surface is mountainous or rolUng, excepting on the Pas- saic r., which flows on its vv. border, where it is level. Watered by small branches of the Pas- saic. The village contains 1 store, and 10 or 12 dwellings. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. LOG 352 LOG $1,450; 1 saw m. Cap. in mail ufac. $9,515. 5 8ch. 158 scholars. Pop. 1,081. Livingston, pv., Livingston cc, Mich., 46 w. N. \v. Detroit., 53'J W. Situated on Woodruff cr., a brtinch of Huron r., whiili afl'urds extensive water power. It contains 2 .stores, and a large flouring m. It has a fine healthy location, in the midst of a fertile country. LiviNG.sroN, p-v., ca|)ital of Sumpter co., Ala., 68 s. w. Tuscaloosa, 886 W. Situated on the n. side of Sucarnochee r. It has a court house, and several dwellings. Livingston, p-v., Madison co.. Ark. Livingston, p-v., Madison co., Miss., 22 n. Jackson, 1,026 W. Livingston, p-v., Overton co., Tenn., 96 e. by N. Nashville, 608 W. Livingston, p-v., Clarke co., EL, 127 e. s. e. Springfield, 657 W. Livingstonville, p-v., Broome t, Schoharie CO., N., Y., 42 vv. Albany, 369 W. It contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 3 stores, 1 saw ni., and 20 dwelling.s. Livonia, p-t., Livingston co., N. Y., 8 e. Gen- eseo, 224 w. Albany, 353 W. The surface is rolling ; soil, fertile. Drained by the outlet of Hemlock lake, which flows into Conesus lake. It has 9 stores, cap. §21,810; 4 fulling m., 1 wool- len fac, 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 2 flouruig m., 1 grist m., 3 saw ni. Cap. in mannfac. $57,274. 1 acad. 140 students, 15 sch. 881 scholars. Pop. 2,719. Livonia, p-t., Wayne co., Mich., 16 s. w. De- troit, 540^W. It has 1 store, cap. $5,000 ; 1 tan- nery, 4 'saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,485. 9 sch. 266 scholars. Pop. 1,169. Livonia, p-v., Washington co., la., 104 s. In- dianapolis, 615 W. It contains about 100 in- habitants. Loag, p-o., Chester co.. Pa., 62 e. by s. Ilar- risbnrg, 135 W. Lobaciisville, p-o., Berks co.. Pa., 66 e. Har- risburg, 159 W. Lobdell's Store, p-o.. West Baton Rouge parish, La. Location, p-o., Coweta co., Ga., 97 w. by n. Milledgeville, 719 W. Lock, p-o., Kno.x co., O., 56 n. e. Columbus, 395 W. Lockbourne, p-v., Hamilton t., Franklin co., O., 11 s. Columbus, 404 W. Locke, p-t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 20 s. Auburn, 155 w. Albany, 319 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly loam. Drained by Owasco inlet. It has 4 stores, cap. $18,000; 2 fulhng m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 3 gri.st in., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $24,704; 12 sch. 516 scholars. Pod. 1,654. Lock Berlin, p-o., Galen t., Wayne co., N. v., 180 w. by N. Albany. Locke's Mills, p-o., Oxford co.. Me., 60 w. Augusta, 604 W. Lockhaut's Store, p-o.. Holmes co.. Miss., 71 N. Jackson, 988 W. Lock Haven, p-v., capital of Clinton co.. Pa., 107 N. w. by N. Ilarrisburg, 199 W. Situated on the s. side of the Su.squehanna r. It contains a court house, four stores, and about 150 inhabit- ants. Lockport, p-t., capital of Niagara co., N. Y., 277 w. by n. Albany, 402 W. The snrliice is equally divided by a terrace or range of hills, from which the streams flow n. to Lake Ontario, and s. into Tonawanda cr The soil is a calca- reous and sandy loam. The v., incorporated in 1827, is situated on the Erie canal, and contains a court house, jail, clerk's office, 12 churches— 2 1 Presbyterian, 1 Congregational, 2 Episcopal, 1 BaptLsi, 1 Methodif^t, 1 Lutheran, 2 Friends, 1 Ro- man Catholic, and 1 African— 2 banks, 2 female seminaries, 80 stores and groceries, 4 flouring ni., 1 grist m., 1 cotton fac. with 2,100 sp., 2 woollen fac, 9 saw m., 2 plough fac, 2 plaster m., 1 sash fac, 2 furnaces, 1 machine shop, 2 carnage fac, 2 tanneries, and 1 fanning m. and threshing ma- chine fac, 800 dwellings, and about 6,5J0 in- habitants. An immense water power is here created by the surplus water of the Erie canal, which here rises 60 feet, by 5 double locks. A railroad proceeds from this place to Niagara falls and Buffalo. There are in the t. 1 commission house, cap. $500 ; 65 stores, cap. $209,83J ; 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 brewery, 1 pottery, 1 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 1 bindery, 5 flouring m., 9 grist m., 45 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in man- ufac. $268,010; 3 acad. 203 students, 29 sch. 2,579 scholars. Pop. 9,125. Lockport, p-v., Erie co., Pa., 260 n. w. by w. Ilarrisburg, 333 W. Lockport, p-v., Williams co., O., 170 n. w. Columbus, 501 W. Situated on the w. side of Tifl'ins r. Lockport, p-v., Wilson co., Tenn., 40 e. by N. Nashville, 655 W. Situated on the s. bank of Cumberland r. Lockport, p-v., Carroll co., la., 80 n. n. w. Indianapolis, 622 VV. Situated on the N. side of Wabash r. Lockport, p-v.. Will co.. 111., 170 n. e. by n. Springfield, 747 W. Situated on the Illinois and Michigan canal, at the termination of the lake level, 34i ms. from Chicago, where the canal has a fall, by 2 locks of 10 feet each, affording an ex- tensive water power, by the surplus water of the canal from Lake Michigan. The Des Plaines r. has a fall in the vicinity of 15 feet. The facili- ties ibr manufacturing are very great. Lockride, p-o., JefFer.son co., Iowa. Lock's Village, p-v., Franklin co., Mass., 79 w. by N. Boston, 402 W. LocKWOOD, p-v., Byram t, Sussex co., N. J., 63 N. Trenton, 232 W. Situated on Lubber run. LociLST Creek, p-o., Louisa co., Va., 33 n. w. Richmond, 97 W. Locust Creek, t., Linn co., Mo. Pop. 694. Locust Dale, p-o., Westmoreland co.. Pa., 205 w. Harrisburg, 225 W. Locust Dale, p-o., 3Iadison co., Va., 92 n. w. Richmond, 94 W. Locust Forest, p-o., Butler co., Ky., 151 s. w. Frankfort, 683 W. Locust Fork, p-o., Blount co., Ala., 85 n. e. Tuscaloosa, 749 W. Locust Grove, p-o.. Orange co., Va., 82 n. w. Richmond, 76 W. Locust Grove, p-o., Burke co., N. C, 217 w Raleigh, 447 W. Locust Grove, p-o., Henry co., Ga., 65 w. N. w. Milledgeville, 670 W. Locust Grove, p-o., Calloway co., Ky. Locust Grove, p-o.. Weakly co., Tenn., 132 w. Nashville, 818 W. Locust Grove, p-o., Adams co., O.. 90 s. by w. Columbus, 427 W. Locust Lane, p-o., Fayette co., Va., 253 w. Richmond, 290 W. Locust Hill, p-o., Washington co.. Pa., 214 w. Harrisburg, 241 W. Locust Mills, p-o., Bracken co., Ky., 79 n. E. Frankfort, 493 W. Locust Mount, p-o., Accomack co., Va. Locust Mount, p-o., Washington co., Tenn., 279 E.Nashville, 419 W. LOG 353 LON Locust Post, p-c, Union co., Ky., 231 w. s. w. Frankfort, 75G W. Locust Shade, p-o., Overton co., Tenn., 104 E. Nashville, 617 W. Locust Tree, p-o., Niagara co., N. Y., 281 w. by N. AU)any, 399 W. LocusTViLLE, p-o., Accomack co., Va. LoDi, p-t., Seneca co., N. Y., 185 w. Albany, 318 W. The surface is rolling; soil, clay loam. Seneca lake bounds it on the w., into which some of its streams flow ; others flow E. into Cayuga lake. The v. is elevated, and contains 1 ci)urch, 4 stores, 50 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. §23,5fX) ; 3 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 5 grist m., 8 saw m., 1 oil ra. Cap. in manufac. $39,200. 15 sch. 670 scholars. Pop. 2,236. LoDi, v., Cattaraugus co., N. Y. (See Persia.) LoDi. t., Bergen co., N. J., 5 s. w. Hackensack. The surface is level. Hackensack r. runs on its E. and s. E. border; Passaic r. on its w. and s. w. border. Along the Passaic are many hand- some country seats. It has 1 store, cap. §1,000; 1 dyeing and printing establishment, 3 gri.st m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $70,000. 'Z sch. 52 scholars. Pop. 687. LoDi, p-v., Harrisville t., Medina co., O., 114 N. E. Columbus, 359 W. It contains 2 stores, 1 flouring m., 15 dwellings, and about 100 uihabit- ants. LoDi, I., Athens co. O. Situated on Shade r. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,100. 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 754. LoDi, p-t., Washtenaw co., Mich., 43 w. De- troit, 520 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Pop. 1,077. LoDi, p-v., Abbeville dist., S. C, 74 w. Colum- bia, 520 W. LoDi, p-o., Coweta co., Ga., 114 w. by n. MO- ledgcville, 718 W. LoDi, p-v., Jackson co., Tenn., 99 e. n. e. Nashville, 63S W. LoFTO.v's Store, p-o., Butts co., Ga., 50 w. Milledgeville, 658 W. Logan, county, Va. Situated in the western part of the state, and contains 2,930 sq. ms. The surface is uneven and broken. Drained by Guyandotte and Coal rs. Capital, Logan. There were in 1810, neai cattle 5,431, sheep 2,454, swine 10,300; wheat 7,138 bush, produced, Ind. corn 870,930, oats 2-^,404, potatoes 10,852, tobac- co 9,263 pounds, sugar 5,946 ; 5 stores, capital $28,000 ; 7 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 5 flouring m., 52 grist m., 4 saw m., 19 sch. 370 scholars. Fop. whites 4,159, slaves 150; toial, 4,309. LooAN, county, Ky. Situated in the s. toward the w. part of the slate, and contains 600 sq. ms. The surface is a table land. Watered by tribu- ' taries of Green and Cumberland rivers. Capital, llusselville. There were in 1840, neat cat'le 3,019, sheep 4,824, swine 11,878; wheat 40,375 bush, produced, rye 1,197, Ind. corn 205,440, oats 65,510, potatoes 4,438, tobacco 393,597 pounds, cotton '.i4,597; 8 stores, cap. $32,801); 2 woollen fac, 13 cotton fac. 180 sp., 1 tannery, 6 distiller- ies, 2 potteries, 4 flouring m., 11 grist m., 7 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $27,435. 4 acad. 146 students, 15 sch. 389 scholars. Pop. whites 8,479, slaves 4,826, free col'd 310; total, 13,615. Logan, county, (). Situated a little n. e. of the centre of the slate, and contains 425 sq. ms. Watered by Miami r. and its branches. The sur- face is pretty level ; soil, fertile. Organized in 1818. Capital, Bellelbntaine. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,379, sheep 7,538, swine 9,353; wheat 34,154 bush, produced, rye 2,466, Ind. corn 45 252,235, buckwheat 1,544, oats 70,135, potatoe.'? 9,983, sugar 24,305 pounds ; 17 stores, capital $28,700 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 pottery, 2 flouring m., 1 1 grist m., 13 saw in., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. m manufac. $27,300. 59 sch. 1,806 scholars. Pop. 14,015. Logan, county. 111. Situated near the centre of the state, and contains 529 sq. ms. Drained by Sugar cr. and other branches of Sangamon r. Capital, Postville. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 5,272, sheep 3,661, swine 16,604 ; wheat 12,429 bush, produced, Indian corn 234,490, oats 22,239, potatoes 6,920; 5 stores, cap. $13,200; 6 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §5,900. 7 sch. 150 scholars. Pop. 2,333. Logan, t., Clinton co.. Pa., 20 n. e. Bellefon- taine. The surface is mountainous ; .soil, in the valleys, calcareous loam. Drained by Big Fish- ing cr. It has 2 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 1 tannery, 4 saw ni. Cap. in manufac. $2,750. 1 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 1,187. Logan, p-o.. Hector t., Tompkins co., N. Y., 181 w. Albany, 314 W. Logan, p-v.. Falls t., capital of Hocking CO., C, 47 s. E. Columbus, 365 W. Situated on the N. bank of Hockhocking r., 1 mile below the great falls, and contains a court house, jail, 3 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 carding machine, and 1 tannery. Logan, p-t.. Dearborn co., la., 87 s. e. Indian- apolis, 5-i8 W. It has 6 stores, cap. $14,400; 1 fulling ra., 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 flouring m., 2 gri.st m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $26,800. 5 sch. 140 scholars. Pop. 1,398. Logan, p-v.. Carter co., Ky., 15 s. Catletts- burg. Logan, C. II., p-v., and capital of Logan co., Va., 351 w. Richmond, 3S8 W. Situated on the E. side of Guyar.dotte river. It contains a court house, and sev.ral stores and dwellings. Logan, t., Wayne co., Mo. It has 5 sch. 6(y scholars. Pop. 605. Logan's Mills, p-o., Clinton co.. Pa. Logansfort, p-v., capital of Cass co., la., 72 N. Indianapolis, 610 W. Situated on Wabash r., at the junction of Eel r., at the head of steamboat navigation on the Wabash, and at the junction of the Wabash and Erie canal. It contains a court house, jail, 6 churches^l Baptist, 1 Catho- lic, 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodi.st, 2 Presbyterian — 1 academy, 12 stores, 400 dwellings, and 1,500 in- liabilants. There are 2 fine bridges here, 1 cross- ing the Wabash, and the other across Eel r. LoGANviLLE, p-v., York co.. Pa., 31 s. Harris- burg, 83 W. LoGANviLLE, p-v., Miami t., Logan co., O., 73 N. w. Columbus, 465 W. Situated on the e. bank of Miami r., and contains 1 store and about 20 dwellings. LoGGY Bayou, p-o., Natchitoches par.. La. LoMiiAiiDY, p-o., Columbia co., Ga., 66 e. n. e. Milledgeville. Lo.MBARDY Grove, p-o., Mecklenburg co., Va., 97 ,s. w. Richmond, 213 W. LoNACONiNG, p-o., Alleghany co., Md., 184 n. w. by w. Annapolis, 152 W. London, p-v., Union t., capital of Madison co., O., 27 w. by s. Columbus, 420 W. It contains a brick court house, a jail, county offices, several stores, about 80 dwellings, and 500 inhabitants. London, p-v., capital of Laurel co., Ky., 94 s. w. Frankfort, 544 W. Situated on a branch of Laurel r., a tributary of Cumberland r., and con- tains a court house and several dwellings. London, p-t., Monroe co., Mich., 45 s. w. De- troit, 502 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain, it has 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,000. 4 sch. 78 scholars. Pop. 425', LON 354 LON London Bridge, p-v., Princess Ann co., Va., 124 s. K. Richmond, ai8 W. London Britain, t., Chester co., Pa., 35 s. w. Philadelphia. The surface is gently uneven ; Koil, sandy loam. Watered by White Clay cr., which afTord.s water power. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,800; 1 tannery, 1 grist in., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §1,700. 2 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. 611. Londonderry, p-t., Rockingham co., N. II., 34 s. s. E. Concord, -154 W. The .soil is fertile. Watered by Beaver r., issuing from ponds in the t., and flowing into Mcrrimac r., which touches its N. w. corner. It has an academy, with a fund of S 1 l.tHJO. Originally settled from the n. of Ire- land, in 1719. It has 3 stores, cap. $5,300; 6 grist m., 10 .saw m. Cap. in manufac. §6,300. 11 sch. 527 scholars. Pop. 1,556. Londonderry, p-t., Windham co., Vt., 96 s. Monlpelier, 444 W. Watered by West r., Win- hall r., and I'lly brook, which afford water pow- er. It contains a Congrcgalionalist and a Baptist church. Chartered in 17S0. It has 3 stores, cap. $8,585 ; 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §8,030. 13 sch. 409 scholars. Pop. 1,216. Londonderry, t., Chester co., Pa., 35 s. w. Philadelphia. The surface is level ; soil, sandy loam. Drained by Doe run, a tributary of the Brandywine, and by the sources of Elk and White Clay crs. It has 2 churches. There are in the t. 1 store, cap. §2,000 ; 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §1,025. 4 sch. 98 scholars. Pop. 608. Londonderry, t., Bedford co., Pa. The sur- face is mountainous ; soil, slate. Drained by Will's cr., which flows into the Potomac. It has 1 store, cap. §3,500; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 1 printing oflice, 1 weekly paper, 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §8,150. 1 acad. 26 students, 1 sch. 38 scholars. Pop. 809. Londonderry, t., Dauphin co.. Pa., 14 s. e. Ilarri.sburg. The surface is moderately hilly ; soil, calcareous loam and gravel. Drained by Spring cr., which afTords water power, and by Conewago cr. It contains a Lutheran church. It has 2 stores, cap. §8,000 ; 1 fulling m., 7 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §10,125. 1 sch. 14 scholars. Pop. 1,990. Londonderry, t., Lebanon co.. Pa., 8 s. w. Lebanon. The surface is hilly on the n. and s., level in the middle; soil, calcareous loam and gravel. Swatara creek runs on its n. boundary. Watered by Conewago cr., Quitapahilla cr., and Klinger's run. It has 6 stores, cap. §16,100; 1 furnace, 3 laimeries, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §9,225. 5 sch. 145 scholars. Pop. 1,762. Londonderry, p t., Guernsey co., O., 95 e. Columbus, 303 W. Named from Londonderry, in Ireland, whence some of its inhabiiants origi- nally came. It has 7 sch. 164 scholars. Pop. 1,606. London Grove, p-t., Chester co., Pa., 34 s. w. Philadelphia, 71 e. by s. Harrisburg, 105 W. The surface is rolling; soil, calcareous loam. Drained by White Clay cr. and its branches. It has 4 stores, cap. .§29,000 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 cot- ton fac. 336 sp., 3 tanneries, 1 pottery, 4 flouring m., 4 saw m., 16 oil m. ( a]), in manufac. §23,295. 3 sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 1,246. Lone Jack, p-o., Jackson co.. Mo., 128 w. by N. Jefferson City, 1,054 W. L0NE.S0ME House, po.. Floyd co., Ga., 173 n. w. Milledgeville, 1,054 W. LoNG-A-coMiNG, p-v., Gloucester and Water- ford t., Gloucester co., N. J., 44 s. s. w. Trenton, 154 W. It contains a Methodist church, 2 stores, and about 30 dwellings. Long Botto.m, p-o., Olive t., Meigs co., O., 105 s. E. Columbus, 323 W. Long Branch, p-v., Shrewsbury t., Monmouth. CO., N. J., 30 .s. New York, 50 e. Trenton, 216 W. Situated on a long peninsular beach on the Atlantic, and is much frequented for sea air and bathing. It has several fine boarding houses, 20 rods from the .shore, with beautiful lawns before them. Fine opportunities are here enjoyed for fishing and gunning, and it has generally much fashionable company in the summer season. Long Branch, p-o., Franklin co., Va., 209 w. by s. Richmond, 286 W. Long Branch, p-o., Monroe co., Mo., 62 n. Jefferson City, 937 W. Long Cane, p-o., Troup co., Ga., 131 w. Mil- ledgeville, 749 W. Long Creek, p-o., Louisa co., Va., 43 n. w. Richmond, 94 W. Long Creek, p-o.. New Hanover co., N. C., 139 s. s. e. Raleigh, 369 W. Long Creek, p-o., JeflTerson co.. Term., 220 e. Nashville, 476 W. Long Creek Shoals, p-v., Lincoln co., N. C, 185 w. by s. Raleigh, 422 W. Long Falls Creek, p-o., Davies co., Ky., 181 w. s. vv. Frankfort, 708 W. Long Glade, p-o., Augusta co., Va., 123 w. N. w. Richmond, 163 W. Long Green Acadejiy, p-o., Baltimore co., Md., 52 N. Annapolis, 62 W^. Long Hill, p-o., Morris co., N. J., 51 n. Tren- ton, 221 W. Long Island, N. Y. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 1,500 .sq. ms., lying be- tween the Atlantic, on the s., and Long Island sound, on the n. It contains 3 counties — Kings, on the w. end. Queens, in the middle, and Suf- folk, on the e. end of the island. A chain of hills runs from w. to e., on the n. of which the surface is somewhat hilly and broken ; on the s. it is level. The n. shore is somewhat bold ; on the s. it is a beach of sand and gravel, enclosing bays, with various inlets, admitting vessels of 60 or 70 tons, and abounding with fine shell and other fish. At the k. end is Gardiner's bay and island, and Montauk point, a bold promontory, on which is a light-house. The n. shore has several light-houses. Long Island Sound, a large body of water extending the entire length of Long Island, and separates it from Ct. It communicates with the Atlantic on the e. by a rapid strait, and w. by- East r. and New York bay. Its breadth is frona 2 to '^0 ins., and its length 110. Long Lake, t., Hamilton co., N. Y., 35 n. Lake Pleasant. It is a large t., with a rough and un-^ even surface, not generally fertile, abounding with lakes and streams, and mostly a wilderness. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §450. 1 sch. 19 scholars. Pop. 59. Long Level, p-o., Cabell co., Va., 340 w. by N. Richmond, 377 W. Long Lick, p-o., Scott co., Ky., 29 n. e. Frank- fort, 510 W. Long Marsh, p-o., Queen Anne co., Md., 45 e. Annapolis, 56 W. Long Meadow, p-t., Hampden co., Mass., 95 w. s. w. Boston, 359 W. The surface is level on the w., and the soil generally fertile. Connecti- cut r. runs on its w. boundary. The v. is built on one wide and level street, parallel to the r., and 1 mile from it, and contains a Congregational church. There are in the e. part of the t. another Congregational and a Baptist church. The t has 3 LOR 355 LOU stores, nap. $3,500 ; 3 tanneries, 1 grist m., 3 saw ni. Cap. in manufac. $6,350. 7 sch. 291 schol- ars. Pop. 1,270. Long Meadow, p-o., Page co., Va., 130 n. w. Richmond, 103 W. LoNGMiRE, p-0., Wasliington co., Tenn.. 297 e. Nashville, 426 W. Longmire's Store, p-o., Edgefield dist., S. C, 74 w. Columbia, 552 W. Long Old Fields, p-o.. Prince George co., Md., 31 w. Annapolis, 9 W. Long Plain, p-o., IBristol co., Mass., 50 s. Bos- ton, 437 W. Long Run, p-o., Jefferson co., Ky., 36 w. Frank- fort, 578 W. Long Savannah, p-o., Hamilton co., Tenn., .139 s. E. Nashville, 586 W. Long's Bridge, p-o., Hancock co., Ga., 36 n. E. Milledgeville, 661 W. Long's Mills, p-o., Randolph co., N. C, 62 w. Raleigh, 313 W. Long Street, p-o., Moore co., N. C, 43 s. w. Raleigh, 331 W. Long Street, p-o., Lancaster dist., S. C, 68 N. N. w. Columbia, 462 W. Long Swamp, p-t., Berks co.. Pa., 72 e. by n. Harrisburg, 165 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, calcareous loam and gravel. Watered by Little Lehigh r. The v. contains 1 church, common to Lutherans and Presbyterians, and 1 store. There are in the t. 2 stores, cap. $3,400 ; 1 furnace, 1 forge, 2 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 2 powfler m., 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Capital in manufac. .$13,400. Pop. 1,836. Long View, p-o., Morgan co., Tenn. LoNGWOOD, p-o., Albemarle co., Va., 97 w. n. w. Richmond, 133 W. It has several dwellings, and 35 inhabitants. LoNGwooD, p-o.. Union co., Ky., 226 w. s. w. Frankfort, 753 W. LoNGWooD, p-o., Pettis co., Mo., 94 w. Jeffer- son City, 1,010 W. LoNGwooD, p-o., Fayette co., la. LoNGSDALE, p-o., Providence co., R. L, 10 w. Providence, 410 W. Lookout Valley, p-o., Hamilton co., Tenn., 135 s. E. Nashville, 616 W. Look's Corners, p-o., Lapeer co., Mich., 48 N. Detroit, 573 W. Lorain, county, O. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 550 sq. ms. Watered by the 2 branches of Black r., and by Beaver creek, which afford water power. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain and to grass. Organized in 1824. Capital, Elyria. There were in 1840, neat cattle 20,tf31, sheep 19,377, swine 18,641 ; wheat 134,474 bush, produced, rye 3,792, Indian corn 243,034, buckwheat 3,869, oats 80,291, potatoes 109,577, sugar 323,611 pounds; 1 commission house, cap. $50,01)0 ; 28 stores, cap. $102,250 ; 4 lumber yards, cap. .$58,000; 1 furnace, 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 8 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 flouring m., 14 grist m., 54 saw m., 3 printing offices, 1 bindery, 3 weekly and 1 semi-weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $105,060. 1 college, 49ct students, 2 acad. 135 students, 97 sch. 3,123 scholars. Pop. 18,467. Lorain, t., Shelby co., O. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,550 ; 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,250. 2 sch. 55 scholars. Pop. 904. Lorain, p-o., Iroquois co., HI., 205 n. e. Spring- field, 707 W. Loraine, p-t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 15 s. Wa- tertown, 157 n. w. Albany, 408 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay and sandy loam. Drained by Sandy cr. and its tributaries. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 flouring ni., 10 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $9,500. 8 sch. 265 scholars. Pop 1,699. Lorance, t., Cape Girardeau co.. Mo. Pop. 1,543. Lorentz's Store, Lewis co., Va., 292 n. w. by w. Richmond, 260 W. Loretto, p-v., Alleghany t., Cambria co.. Pa. 145 w. by N. Harrisburg, 188 W. Situated on Alleghany mountain, and contains 1 store, 15 or 20 dwellings, and about 100 inhabitants. Loretto, p-o., Washington co., Ky., 67 N. W. Frankfort, 593 W. Louetto, p-o., Essex co., Va., 62 n. e. Rich- mond, 90 W. Loss Creek, p-o., Crawford co., O., 70 n. Co- lumbus, 414 W. Lo.sT Creek, p-o., Harrison co., Va., 269 n. w. Richmond, 237 VV. Lost Creek, p-o., Campbell co., Tenn., 201 e. by N. Nashville, 493 W. Lost Creek, p-t., Miami co., O., 63 w. Colum- bus, 457 W. It has 1 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,000. 5 sch. 261 scholars. Pop. 1,306. . Lost Creek, p-o., Lincoln co.. Mo., 102 n. e. Jefferson City, 875 W. Lost River, p-o., Hardy co., Va., 173 n. w. Richmond, 123 W. LoTTs, p-o., Edgefield dist., S. C, 47 w. Colum- bia, 545 W. Lottsrurg, p-o., Northumberland co., Va., 93 E. N. E. Richmond, 152 W. Lottsville, p-v., Warren co.. Pa., 233 n. w. Harrisburg, 325 W. Situated on the w. bank of Little Broken Straw cr. It contains a store, some mills, and several dwellings. Loudon, county, Va. Situated in the N. E. part of the state, and contains 460 sq. ms. It has several ridges of mountains, with intervening valleys. Watered by Kittoctan and Goose crs., and their tributaries, which afford good water power. The Potomac r. runs on its n. e. border. The soil is various, from a rich alluvion to an unproductive clay, some of it w"ell, and some poorly cultivated. Capital, Leesburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 25,620, sheep 31,503, swine 38,841 ; wheat 573,460 bush, produced, rye 81,517, Ind. corn 891,695, buckwheat 6,845, bar- \ey 1,472, oats 224,706, potatoes 53,247, tobacco 1,725 pounds ; 79 stores, cap. $274,570 ; 4 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 11 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 55 flouring m., 69 grist m., 31 saw m., 2 printing of- fices. Cap. in manufac. $196,282. 6 acad. 266 students, 33 sch. ],00S scholars. Pop. whites 13,840, slaves 5,273, free colored 1,318; total, 20,431. Loudon, p-t., Merriraac co., N. H., 8 n. n. e. Concord, 489 W. Watered by Soucook river, which affords water power. Chartered in 1773 The land on the streams is fertile. It has 3 stores, capital $4,400 ; 1 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 1 pot- tery, 3 grist m., 8 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manu- fac $6,190. 10 sch. 495 scholars. Pop. 1,640. Loudon, p-b., Peters t., Franklin co.. Pa., 59 w. s. w. Harrisburg, 103 W. Situated on the w. side of the w. branch of Connecocheague cr. LoUDO.v, p-t., Seneca co., O., 8S n. Columbus, 433 W. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,300 ; 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $873. 3sch.94schors. Pop. 763. Loudon, t., Carroll co., O. Pop. 966. Loudon, t., Monroe co., Mich. It has 1 tanne- ry, 1 grist ni., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,000 4 sch. 78 scholars. Pop. 425. LoT'DON Centre, p-o., Loudon t., Merrimac CO., N. H., 14 N. N. E. Concord, 495 W. Loudon Ridge, p-o., Loudon t., Merriinac co., N. H., 15 N. n. e. Concord, 596 W. LOU 356 LOU LouDONViLLE, p-v., Hanover t., Richland co., O., 73 X. X. E. ColuiTibus, 3G3 W. SiiuatcJ on the Black fork of Moliiccan cr., and conlains 4 stores, and about 150 inhabitants. LoLOSviLLE, p-v., Habersham co., Ga., 1.5'J x. 3Iiiledgeville, 615 W. Situated near the source of Cliestatee r., in the gold region. LouLSA, county, Va. Situated centrally in the E. part of the sVMe, and contains 570 sq. miles. Watered by North and South Anna rs., and tiieir branches. Capital, Ix)iiisa C. II. 'J'here were in 1>S40, neat cattle 10,7-26, sheep r-',711, swine 20,133; wheat 220,748 hush, produced, rye 899, buckwheat 43, oats 158,131, potatoes 15,325, to- bacco 2,430,764 pounds, cotton 19,129; value of gold produced, $3,000; 30 stores, cap. $111,152; 11 tanneries, 3 flouring m.^ 25 grist m., 16 saw m. Cap. in inanufac. $09,610. 39 .sch. 591 scholars. Pop. whites 6,047, slaves 9,010, Ijree colored 37G; total, 15,433. Loui.sA, county, Iowa. Situated toward the s, E. part ol' the ter., and contains 442 sq. ms. Mis- sissippi r. runs on its e. border. Drained by Iowa r. anil its tributaries, which afTord water power. The soil is Acry fertile, particularly on the rivers. Capital, Wappello. There were in 1810, neat cat- tle 2,060, sheen 620, swine 6,813; wheat 10,353 bush, produced, Ind. corn 82,625, oats 15,725, po- tatoes 6,135 ; 3 saw m. Pop. 1,927. Louisa, p-v., capital of Lawrence co., Ky., 15S E. Frankfort, 436 W. Situated on the w. side of 13ig Sandy river, and contains a court house and several dwellings. Loui.SA, C. II., p-v., capital of Louisa co., Va., 60 N. w. Richmond, 103 W. It contains a court house, and a few dwellings. LouisBUUG, p-v., capital of Franklin co, N. C, 36 N. E. Raleigh, 262 W. Situated on n. side of Tar r. It contains a court house, jail, 2 churche.s, 10 stores, and about 500 inhabitants. LOUISIANA. Louisiana, the southernmost of the BouthGrn United States, is bounded n. by Arkansas and Mis- sissippi ; E. by ^Mississippi, from which it is separated by the Mississippi river, to the 31° n. lat., thence e. on that parallel to Pearl river, and down that river to its mouth; e. and s. by the Gulf of Mexico ; and vv. by Texas, from which it is separated by the Sabine river to 32° n. lat., and thence due N. to lat. 33° n., the s. boundary of Arkansas. It is 240 miles long from x. to s., and 210 broad from E. to w., containing 45,350 square miles, or 29,024,000 acres. The population in 1810, was 76,556 ; in 1820, 153,407 ; in 1830, 215,575 ; in 1840, 352,411, of which 168,452 were slaves. Of the free population 89,747 were white males; 63,710 do. females; 11,526 colored males; 13,976 do. females. Employed in agriculture, 79,289 ; in commerce, 8,549 ; in manufactures and trades, 7,565 ; navigating the ocean, 1,322; canals, lakes, drc, 662 ; learned professions, 1,018. This slate is divided into 38 parishes, which, with their population in 1840, and tlieir capitals, were as follows : Eastern District — Ascension, 6,951, Donaldsonville ; Assumption, 7,141, Napo- leonville ; Baton Rouge, e., 8,138, Baton Rouge ; Baton Rouge, w., 4,638, \v. Baton Rouge C. H. ; Carroll, 4,237, Providence ; Concordia, 9,414, Vidalia ; Feliciana, e., 11,893, Clinton ; Feli- ciana, w., 10,910, St. Francisville ; Iberville, 8,495, Plaquemine ; Jefferson, 10,470, La Fayette ; Lafourciie Interior, 7,303, Thibodeauxville ; Livingston 2,315, Springfield ; Madison, 5,142, Richmond; Orleans, 102,193, New Orleans; Plaque.mine, 5,060, Fort Jackson ; Point Coupee, 7,898, Point Coupee; St. Bernard, 3,237, St. Bernard C. IL ; St. Charle.s, 4,700, St. Charles C. II. ; St. Helena, 3,525, Greensburg; St. Jamf..s, 8,548, Bringiers ; St. Joiix Baptist, 5,776, Bonnet Carre; St. Tammany, 4,598, Covington ; Terre Bonne, 4,410, Houma ; Wa.shington, 2,649, Franklhiton. Western District — Avoyelles, 6,616, Marksville ; Caddo, 5,282, Shreveport; Calcasieu, 2,057, Lii-hon ; Caldwell, 2,017, Columbia; Cataiioola, 4,955, iJarrisonburg; Clai- borne, 6,185, Overtoil ; La Fayette, 7,841, Vermilionville ; Natchitoches, 14,350, Natchitoches ; Rapides, 14,132, Alexandria ; St. Landry, 15,233, Opelousas ; St. Martin's, 8,676, St. Martins- ville ; St. Mary's, 8,950, Franklin ; Union, 1,838, Farmersville ; Washita, 4,640, Monroe. New Orleans is the seat of government, on the n. bank of the Mississippi river, 105 miles from its entrance into the Gulf of Mexico. Below the mouth of the Red river the Mississippi divides into several branches, or outlets, which diverging from each other, slowly wind their way to the Gulf of 3Iexico, and divide the south- western part of the .-^tate into a number of large islands. Tiie western of these outlets is the Atcha- falaya, which leaves the main stream 3 miles below the mouth of Red river, and, inclining cast- wanl, flows into Atchafalaya bay in the Gulf of Mexico. About 128 miles below the Atchafalaya, is the outlet of Plaquemine, the main s^tream of which unites with the Atchafalaya ; but other por- tions of it intersect the country in diilerent directions. Thirty-one miles below the Plaquemine, and 81 above New Orleans, is the outlet of Lafourche, which cominmiicatcs with the Gulf of Mexi- co by two mouths. Below the Lafourche, numerous other smaller streams branch off from the river at various pouits. On the east side of the Mississippi the principal outlet is the Iberville, which communicates with the Gulf of Mexico tiirough lakes Maurepas. Pontchartrain, and Borgne. The whole territory between the Atchafalaya on the west, and the Iberville, &c., on the east, is called the Delta of the Mississippi, from its resemblance in shape to the Greek letter of that name. A large extent of coimlry in this slate is annually overflowed by the Mississippi. From lat. 32° to 31°, the average width of the land inu,. dated is 20 miles ; from lat. 31° to the outlet of Lafourche a little above lat. 30°, the width is 40 miles. Belojv the Lafourche, the country generally is over LOU 357 LOU flowed. The lands thus overflowed, including those on the Red river, amount to 10,890 sq. miles ; though the inundation is not complete, but consists of innumerable canals and lakes, which are in- terspersed everywhere. The country actually submerged would not, probably, exceed 4,000 sq. miles. More earth is deposited by the Mississippi in its overflow on its immediate margin thaa further back ; and, consequently, the land is higher adjoining the river than it is in the rear of its banks. This alluvial margin, of a breadth from 400 yards to a mile and a half, is a rich soil, and to prevent the river from imuidating the valuable tract in the rear, and which could not be drained, an artificial embankment is raised on the margin of the river, called the Levee. On the east side of the river, this embankment commences 60 miles above New Orleans, and extends down the river for more than 130 miles. On the west shore, it commences at Point Coupee, 172 miles above New Orleans. Along this portion of the river, its sides present many beautiful and finely cultiva- ted plantations, and a continued succession of pleasant residences. The southwestern part of the state consists of swamps, on the margin of the Gulf, hut of prairies further inland, some parts of wliich are barren, but others fertile, and containing flourishing settlements. This country is eleva- ted not more than from 10 to 50 feet above high tide. The country between the Mississippi, Iber- ville, and Pearl rivers, in its southern parts, is generally level, and highly productive in cotton, sugar, rice, corn, and indigo. The northern part has an undulatuig surface, and has a heavy natu- ral growth of white, red, and yellow oak, hickory, black walnut, sassafras, magnolia, and poplar. In the northwestern part, the Red river, after entering the state by a single channel, and flowing about 30 miles, spreads out into a number of channels, forming many lakes, and islands, and swamps, over a space of 50 miles long and 6 broad. The bottoms on the river are from 1 to 10 miles wide, and are very fertile. The timber on them is willow, cottonwood, honey locust, pawpaw, and buckeye ; on the rich uplands, elm, ash, hickory, mulberry, black walnut, with a profusion of grape vines. On the less fertile and sandy uplands of the state are white, pitch, and yellow pines, and various kinds of oak. The staple productions of the state are cotton, sugar, and rice. In 1840 there were in the state, 99,838 horses and mules ; 331,248 neat cattle ; 98,072 sheep; 323,220 swine ; poultry to the value of $233,559. There were produced 60 bushels of wheat ; 107,353 of oats ; 1,812 of rye ; 5,952,912 of Indian corn; 834,341 of potatoes ; 24,651 tons of hay; 49,283 pounds of wool; 1,012 of wax; 119,824 of tobacco ; 3,604,534 of rice; 152,555,363 of cotton; 119,947,720 of sugar. The products of the dairy were valued at $isl53,069; of the orchard at $11,769; of lumber at $66,106. There were made 2,884 of gallons of wine ; and 2,233 barrels of tar, pitch, &c. New Orleans is the place where the trade of the vast Mississippi valley centres, and its com- merce is extensive. The winters in this state are mild ; though more severe than in the same latitude on the Atlantic coast. The summers in the wet and marshy parts are unhealthy. New Orleans has frequently been visited by the yellow fever. But a considerable portion of the state is healthy. The Mississippi divides this state from the state of Mississippi for a considerable distance, and in its lower parts runs wholly in this state, where it enters the Gulf of Mexico by several passes. It is navigable for vessels of any size. The Red river runs through the stale in a s. e direction, and discharges a vast amoimt of waterinto theMississippi, 240 miles above New Orleans. The Washita runs in a s. direction in the N. part of the state, and enters Red river, a little above its entrance into the Mississippi. Bayou Lafourche and Atchafalaya are large outlets of the Mississippi. The other rivers are the Black, Tensaw, Sabine, Calcasieu, Mermentau, Vermilion, Teche, Pearl, Amite, and Iberville. The largest lakes are Pontchartrain, Maurepas, Borgne, Chetimaches, Mermentau, Calcasieu and Sabine. The exports of this state in 1840, amounted to $34,236,936; and the imports to $10,673,190, There were 24 commercial, and 381 commission houses engaged in foreign trade, with a capital of $16,770,000 ; and 2,465 retail drygoods and other stores, with a capital of $14,301,024 ; 597 persons were employed in the lumber trade, with a capital of $260,045 ; 3 persons employed in internal transportation, with 291 butchers, packers, &c., employed a capital of $144,523. The amount of home-made or family articles manufactured, was $65,190 ; 2 cotton manufactories, with 706 spindles, employed 23 persons, producing articles to the amount of $18,900, with a capi- tal of $22,000 ; 6 furnaces produced 1,400 tons of cast iron, and 2 forges produced 1,366 tons of bar iron, employing 145 persons, and a capital of $357,000 ; 25 tanneries employed 88 persons, and a capital of $132,025; 7 other manufactories of leather, as saddleries, &c., produced articles to the amount of $108,.500, with a capitalof $89,550 ; 1 pottery employed 18 persons, producing articles to the amount of $1,000, with a capital of $3,000 ; 5 sugar refineries produced to the amount of $770,000 ; 101 pensons produced confectionery to the amount of $20,000 ; machinery was produced to the amount of $5,000; and hardware and cutlery to the amount of $30,000; 51 persons produced carriages and wagons to the amount of $23,350, employing a capital of $15,780 ; mills of various kinds produced articles to the amount of $706,785, employing 972 persons, and a capital of LOU 358 LOU $1,870,795; vessels were built to the amount of $80,500; 129 persons manufactured furniture to the amount of $2,303, with a capital of $576,050 ; 5 distilleries produced 285,520 gallons, and 1 brewery produced 2,400 gallons, employing 27 persons, and a capital of $110,000 ; 75 persons manu- factured 2,202,200 pounds of soap, 3,500,030 pounds of tallow candles, 4,000 pounds of wax and spermaceti candles, with a capital of $115,500 ; 248 stone or brick houses, and 619 wooden houses, employed 1,484 persons, and cost $2,736,944 ; 35 printing offices, 5 binderies, II daily, 21 weekly and 2 semi-weekly newspapers, and 3 periodicals, emploj'ed 392 persons, and a capital of $193,700. The whole amount of capital employed in manufactures, was $6,430,699. Louisiana College, at Jackson, was founded in 1825 ; Jefferson College, at Bringiers, was founded in 1831; St. Charles College, at Grand Coleau, is under the direction of the CathoUcs; Baton Rouge College, at Baton Rouge, was founded in 1838 ; Franklin College at Opelousas, was found- ed in 1839. These institutions had in 1840, 437 students. There were in the state, 52 academies, with 1,995 students ; 179 common and primary schools, with 3,573 scholars, and 4,861 white per- sons over 20 years of age wlio could neither read nor write. This state was originally settled by Catholics, who are still the most numerous denomination. In 1835, they had 27 ministers. The 3Iethodisls, Baptists, Presbyterians, and Episcopalians exist ifi considerable numbers, and are increasing. At the commencement of 1840, there were 47 banks and branches in this state, with an aggre- gate capital of $41,736,768, and a circulation of $4,345,533. The state debt, at the close of 1840, amounted to $20,585,000. The constitution of this state was formed in 1812. The governor is elected for four years. The people give their votes for governor at the same time that they vote for senators and representa- tives, and the legislature on the succeeding session elect by joint ballot a governor from the two can- didates having the greatest number of votes of the people. The senators are elected for 4 years, one half being chosen every 2 years. The state is divided into 16 senatorial districts, each of which chooses a senator. The representatives are elected for two years, and cannot be less than 25 nor more than 50 in number, and they are apportioned according to the number of electors, an enumeration of which is made every 4 years. The legislature meets annually in January, except in the years of the election of President of the United States, when it meets in November. The judges of the supreme court are appointed by the governor, with the consent of the senate, and hold their offices during good behavior. This state has a number of important works of internal improvement. Pontchartrain railroad ex- tends from New Orleans 4j miles to Lake Pontchartrain, at a cost of $450,000. West Feliciana railroad extends from St. Francisville, 20 miles to Woodville, Mississippi. New Orleans and Car- rollton railroad extends from N. Orleans, 41 miles to La Fayette. Orieans-strcet railroad, extends from N. Orleans, 4y miles to the bay of St. Johns. The Mexico Gulf railroad, extends from N. Orleans, cast to Pascagoula Sound. The Orleans Bank canal extends from N. Orleans, 6 miles to Lake Pontchartrain, and cost $1,000,000. Canal Carondelet extends from N. Orleans, U miles to the Bay of St. Johns. Barataria canal extends from N. Orleans, 85 miles to Berwick bay. Lake Veret canal extends from Lake Veret, 8 miles to Lafourche river. The N. Orleans and Nash- ville railroad extends 80 miles in this state, and if completed, will be 564 miles in length. It is in progress. This country was first explored by the French, and received its name m 1682, from M. La Salle, in honor of Jjjuis XIV, and a settlement was attempted in 1684, but failed. In 1699, a more suc- cessful attempt was made byM. Iberville, who entered the Miss.,andfounded a colony. His efforts were followed up by one Crozat, a man of wealth, who held the exclusive trade of the country for a number of years. About the year 1717, he transferred his interest in the province to a chartered company, at the head of which was the notorious John Law, whose national bank and Mississippi speculation involved the ruin of half the French nobility. In 1731 the company resigned the con- cern to the crown, who, in 1762, ced(!d the whole of Louisiana to Spain. In 1800, Spain recon- veyed the province to the French, of whom it was purchased by the United Slates in 1803, for $15,000,000. This purchase included the territory of the United States w. of the Mississippi. In 1812, the present state of Louisiana formed a constitution, and was admitted into the Union. Louisiana, p-v.. Pike co.. Mo., 8S n. e. Jeffer- son City, 868 VV. Situated on the w. bank of Mississippi r., 2 ms. below the entrance of Salt r. LoiTisvii.i.K. p t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 253 N. N. w. Alliany, 523 W. The surface is undu- lating; soil, a fertile calcareous loam. Watered by Grass r., and tiie St. LawTcnce r., vvliich bounds it on the n. w. Several islands in the St. Lawrence belong to it. It has 2 stores, cap. $12,000 ; 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,000. 11 sch. 391 scholars. Pop. 1,693. LoiTisviLLE, p-v., Westmoreland co., Va., 64 X. E. Richmond, 111 W. Louisville, p-v., capital of Jefferson co., Gb.., 53 E. Milledgeville, 634 W. Situated on Rocky ( "omfort cr., just above its entrance into tlie Ogee- chee r. It contains a court house, jail, a church, an academy, 9 stores, and 27 dwellings. The state legislature met here from 1S35 to 1837; and here the famous Yazoo Acts were burned by a sun-glass, Feb. ]3lh, 1796. The state house has been converted into a court houjo. Louisville, p-v., Barbour co., Ala., 18~ a. LOV 359 LOW E. Tuscaloosa, 836 VV. It contains a few dwell- ings. Louisville, p-v., capital of Winston co., Miss., 92 N. E. Jackson, 918 W. Situated on the head waters of Pearl r. It contains 2 churches, a court house, 2 academies, and 175 inhabitants. Louisville, p-v., Blount co., Tenn., 153 E.by s. Nashville, 436 W. Situated on the s. e. side of Tennessee r. Louisville, city, port of entry, and capital of Jefferson co., Ky., 54 w. Frankfort, 596 W. Sit- uated on the s. side of Ohio r., at the head of the rapids, 38° 8' n. lat., and 85° 26' w. Ion., 120 ms. below Cincinnati. Pop. in 1783, 30 ; in 1800,600 ; in 1810, 1,357; in 1820,4,012; in 1830, 10,336 ; in 1840, 21,210. The Ohio r. is here 1 mile and 25 rods wide, and the ground rises by a gentle slope from the water's edge to an elevation of 70 feet, ■where is a beautiful plain. Bear-grass cr. enters its N. part, and forms a good harbor. Incorpo- rated as a city in 1828. It is regularly laid out, with 8 broad and straight streets, parallel with the r., crossed by 18 others at right angles, mak- ing the city 3 miles long, and about 1 mile wide. It is generally built of brick, with many large stores and warehouses, and many fine dwellings. It contains a court house, jail, 2 market houses, a museum, a marine hospital, an asylum, and sev- eral other humane and benevolent institutions, 4 banks, including a bank for savings, 12 churches — i Presbyterian, 3 Methodist, 2 Baptist, 1 Epis- copal, 1 Roman Catholic, and 1 African — and sev- eral other places of worship, 375 stores and gro- ceries, several printing offices, issuing 3 daily newspapers, about 2,500 dwellings. It has con- venient landings, and many steamboats are con- tinually in port, or arriving and departing. It has 4 flouring m., producing 400 barrels of flour daily, several large iron foundries, and woollen and other manufactories. The goods and manufac- tured articles sold annually, amount to about $29,000,000. Around the rapids at this place, ■which are not navigable at low water for large boats, a canal has been constructed, 2i ms. long, with 4 locks, which cost $730,000, overcoming a fall of 22 feet. At the lower end of the canal nre the villages of Shipping Port, and Portland. The city government consists of a mayor and 10 aldermen, 2 from each of the 5 wards. The Ohio Bridge Company is constructing a bridge across the Ohio, over the shoals above Corn Island. There were in 1840, 1 commercial and 1 1 com- mission houses in for. trade, cap. $191,800; 270 retail drygoods and other stores, cap. $2,128,400 ; 3 lumber yards, cap. $52,000 ; 2 tanneries, 2 brew- cries, 1 glass cutting estab., 1 pottery, 2 rope fac, 2 flouring m., 3 saw m., 1 paper fac, 7 printing offices, 2 binderies, 5 daily, 7 weekly, and 3 semi- weekly newspapers, and 1 periodical, 200 brick and stone and 60 wooden houses built, employ- ing 269 persons, at a cost of $260,250. Total cap- ital employed in manufactures, $713,675. 1 col- lege, 80 students, 10 acad. 269 students, 14 sch. 388 scholars. Louisville, p-v., Stark co., O., 131 n. e. Co- lumbus, 313 W. Louisville, p-v., capital of Clay co.. 111., 112 S. E Springfield, 741 W. Louisville, p-v., Lincoln co.. Mo., 74 n. e. Jefferson City, 8S2 W. LouTRE Island, p-o., Montgomery co., Mo., 43 E. N. E. Jefferson City, 903 W. LouTRE, t., Audrain co.. Mo. Pop. 169. Lovelaceville, p-o., McCracken co., Ky., 296 w. s. w. Frankfort, 823 W. LovELADY, p-o., Caldwell co., N. C, 182 w. Raleigh, 419 W. LovELL, p-t., Oxford CO., Me., 63 w. s. w. Au- gusta, 578 W. It contains a large pond, the out- let of which unites with the outlet of another pond on its n. w. border, and enters the Saco r. Incorporated in 1800. 8 small ponds on the hol- ders of tlie t., connected together, have an outlet, which has a curious fall of 40 feet. It has 1 ful- ling m., 2 gri^t m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $150. 10 sch. 410 scholars. Pop. 941. Love's Mills, p-o., Washington co., Va., 285 w. by s. Richmond. LovETTSviLLE, p-v., Loudon CO., Va., 166 N Richmond, 46 W. LovEviLLE, p-v.. New Castle co., Del., 54 tt. Dover, 103 W. LoviNGsTON, p-v., capital of Nelson co., Va., 105 w. by N. Richmond, 157 W. It contains a court house, jail, and several stores and dwell- ings. LoviNGTON', p-o., Macon co., HI., 61 e. Spring- field, 718 W. Lowell, p-t., Penobscot co., Me. Incorpora- ted in 1S3S. It was formerly called Huntress- ville. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,500. 2 sch. 70 scholars. Pop. 205. Lowell, p-t., Orleans co., Vt., 45 n. Montpe- lier, 563 W. Formerly called Kellyvale. Char- tered in 1791. Missisque r. rises in a pond on the s. border of the t., by which, and its branches, it is drained, and which afford water power. The surface is uneven, and the soil productive. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,200 ; 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,600. 6 sch. 149 scholars. Pop. 431. Lowell, city, and semi-capital of Middlesex CO., Mass., 25 n. n. w. Boston, 444 W., in the rapidity of its growth, and the extent of its pop- ulation and manufactures, is a remarkable place, and v^ell deserves the appellation, "the Manches- ter of America." An example of an equally rapid grovvih has never else been exhibited in the United States. It lies on the s. side of the Mer- rimac, below Pa wtucket falls, and at the junction of Concord r. with the Merrimac. In 1820 it constituted a part of Chelmsford, and the present territory of I^owell then contained less than 200 in- habitants, and the valuation of property did not exceed $100,000. In 1826 it was incorporated as a town ; and having received a small addition from Tewksbury, it obtained, in 1836, the charter of a city. The population in 1830 was 6,474 ; in 1840, 20,796, showing an increase in 10 years of 14,322. The assessors' valuation of property in 1840 was $12,400,000. The water power at this place is very exten- sive and easily available. It is produced by a canal 60 feet wide, 8 feet deep, and a mile and a half in length, commencing at the head of Paw- tucket falls, and extending to Concord river. By locks at its outlet into Conc6rd r., it forms a boat- able passage around the falls in the Merrimac. From the main canal, the water is carried by lat- eral canals to mills and manufactories, where it is needed, and is then discharged, either into the Merrimac or the Concord. The entire fall is 30 feet. Before the project was entertained of using this water for hydraulic purposes, a canal existed, made by a corporation created in 1792, for the transportation of " boats, rafts, and masts around the falls." About the year 1820, this canal was purchased by a company, who, under the origin- al charter and name of '• Proprietors of locks and canals on Merrimac river," in 1822 commenced enlarging and deepening the canal, and putting it in a suitable condition to supply such manufac- tories as might be erected. They are the bottom LOW 360 LOW oorporation,orr()Ot,of nearly all the manufacturing esiablisliiTiPnts in Lowell. Tliey own the I'aw- tucket canal, which supplies all the water power, and have purchased all the lands adjoining the river on both s-ides of the falls. The company is landlord and gmnlor of nearly all the other cor- porations. They have an extensive machine shop, of brick, t) stories high, and 251) feet long ; an iron foundry, a .^aw mill, a planing machine, ■with ample workshops, furnaces, and outbuild- ings. Tlicy give constant employment to the most skilful mechanics, who manufacture the machinery for the mills, and cars and locomo- tives for railroads, which are sent to every part of the Union. When a new company is formed, it contracts with the " Proprietors of Locks and Canals," for land and for water power, suffi- cient to drive the contemplated number of spin- dles ; for which an annual rent is paid. They then contract with the Proprietors to erect the de- sired number of mills, and to fill them with ma- chinery ready for running ; and to erect counting, ware, and boarding houses, sufficient for all op- eratives to be employed in the mills. For the whole, a gross sum is paid ; and the new compa- ny has little concern in the matter, excepting to see that every thing is done according to contract, until the first mill is ready to run. This arrange- ment is found advantageous to both parties. The machine shop can furnish machinery complete for a mill of 5,000 spindles, in 4 months. All the mills, ware, counting, and bourding houses, ex- cepting the boarding liouses of the oldest com- pany, are of brick, neatly and substantially built. Eleven incorporated manufacturing companies In this city, with an aggregate capital of $10,500,000, are supplied with water by the Paw- tucket canal, from the original company, above named. The whole numberof mills which belong to the 11 corporations, exclusive of print works, is 32; the number of spindles, 166,044; and 5,183 looms. Females employed, 6,430 ; males, 2,077. Very few children are employed, probably not 200, under 15 years of age. The companies pro- duce 58,263,(KJ0 yards of clotli annually. They consmne 19,255,000 pounds of cotton, or 53,340 bales a year. Two companies have print works and dye houses, and together produce 13,780,000 yards of dyed and primed cloth annually. The goods maiuil'aclured at Lowell are sheet- ings, flannels, drillings, prints, shirtings, negro- cloth, carpets, rugs, broadclolliB, water-proof woollens, and cassinieres. For manufacturing purposes, 200 chaldrons of smiths' coal arc consum(id in a year ; 11,400 tons of anthracite coal ; 500,000 bushels of charcoal ; 3,510 cords of wood ; 3,000 barrels of flour for starch; 6tK),0l)0 pounds of starch ; 65,289 gallons of oil, of which 5,000 gallons are olive oil. Besides the above named companies, there are in the city, the l^owell IJIeachery, with a capital of $50,000 ; Whitney Mill.s, capital $100,000, for the manufacture of milled i)lankets ; and exten- sive powd<;r mills, which make superior gunpow- der. There are also various mills and manufac- tories, owned by individuals. New companies and manufactories arc continually springing up ; and much water power is unimproved. The average wages of female operatives, ex- clusive of board, is 2 dollars a week, but some of them earn double that; the males, on an aver- age, 80 cents a day, exclusive of board. All the corporations and private companies piiy of!" their hands once a month, but ondill'erentdays. The whole amount of wages paid to operatives in each mouth is $160,001) an an average ; a very consid- erable portion of which is deposited by the re- ceivers in the " Lowell Savings Institution." A railroad from Lowell to Boston, 26 miles, was completed in 1835, which is very thoroughly con- structed. Andover Branch railroad extends from it, 10 miles from the city, and goes to Dover, New llaiupshire. The Lowell and Nashua railroad extends 9 ms. to New Hampshire line. The 3Ierrimac canal leaves the Merrimac, 2 miles above Lowell, and proceeds to Boston harbor. Among the literary institutions, the lyceum, for procuring courses of lectures, and for debate, has existed a number of years; and more recent- ly, the Lowell Institute has been formed, for sim- ilar purposes. But the most remarkable institu- tion is the Mechanics' Association, formed by in- telligent mechanics, and incorporated many years ago. They have a costly brick edifice, called iMechanics' Ilall, which has a fine lecture room, in which courses are annually delivered, togeth- er with a handsome library, and an extensive reading room, which is always open, and a fine mineralogical cabinet. The citizens of Lowell have taken a great in- terest in the cause of education. The whole amoimt raised in 1840 for schools by taxation was $17,500. Besides this, the city erected an elegant edifice for a high school, which cost $28,000; and 2 houses for grammar schools, which cost to- gether $30,000. There are 29 public free schools. There are 6 grammar schools, besides the two above mentioned. About one eighth of the pop- ulation is Catholic, but tliey have entered, with spirit, into the business of education. The whole number of pupils in all the schools is over 4,000. There are 2 newspapers in the place, each published tri-weekly ; 2 weekly papers from the same offices, and 3 other weekly papers devoted to religion and literature. A magazine, called "the Offering," is issued, consisting of original communications, chiefly by the young ladies in the factories, under the general superintendence of a clergyman, which is very respectable. There are 15 congregations with settled minis- ters, and several others which constantly worship in halls, and the churches are well attended. It is abundantly proved by this splendid model of American manufacturing cities, that this employ- ment has no necessary tendency to depress the intellect, or to corrupt the morals. The Lowell Bank, with a capital of $250,000, was chartered in 182S. The Savings Bank was chartered in 1829, and has its office at the Low- ell Bank. The Railroad Bank was chartered in 1831, with a capital of g;800,000, to facilitate the limuicial atFairs of the manufacturing companies, most of which pay their operatives in its bills. The territory of Lowell does not exceed 2 ms. square. The Indian name of it was Wamsit, the seat of a tribe of prat/in^ Indians, at the break- ing out of Philip's war, in 1765. It was named in honor of Francis C. Lowell, of Boston, distin- guislu'il for his effijrts to introduce the cotton man- ufacture into the I'nited Slates. That a place which, 20 years since, had not a " local habitation, nor a name," should have be- come the second place in population in 3Iassa- chusetts, the fourteenth in the United State.s, larger than any city s. of the Potomac, excepting Charleston anil New Orleans, is proof of what manufactures, properly conducted, can accom- plish. Nor have these manufacturers benefited themselves more than they have promoted the public mterest. Cottons which, 20 years since Would have cost 30 cents a yard, can now be purchased for 6 cents ; and such establishments as those at Lowell, have wrought tliis change. LOW 361 LOW There were in 1840, 191 retail stores, capital $373,300 ; 5 lumber yards, cap. $19,000 ; 1 fur- nace, cap. 83,500 ; 4 fulling m., 8 woollen fac, cap. $551,300 ; 26 cotton fac. 166,000 sp., 3 dye- ing and printing estab., total cap. $8,000,000 ; 3 powder m., cap. $150,000 ; 1 paper fac, capital $8,000 ; 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 1 .saw m., cap. $50,000 ; 2 printing offices, 2 binderies, 3 weekly, 2 semi-weekly newspapers, and 1 periodical, cap. $10,000. Total cap. in manufac. $3,837,460. 7 acad. 1,311 students, 28 sch. 4,306 scholars. LowEi.L, p-o., Washington co., O., 96 e. s. e. Columbus, 312 W. LowELLViLLE, p-v., Ttumbull CO., O., 184 n. E. Columbus, 297 W. Lower, t.. Cape May co., N. J. It is the most southern t. in the state, bounded s. by the Atlan- tic, and w. by Delaware bay. More than half of it is covered with sea-beach and salt marsh ; soil of the remainder, clay. Drained by Pond, New England, and Cox Hall creeks. Cape May, island and light-'^ouse, are in the t. It has 6 stores, cap. $9,100; 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $200. 6 sch. 210 scholars. Pop. 1,133. Lower Baktlett, p-o., Coos co., N. H., 74 N. N. E. Concord, 560 W. Lower Allow-^ys CreBk, t., Salem co., N. J., 9 s. Salem. The surface is level, more than half of which is marsh meadow, extensively em- banked ; soil on the e. a deep clay and loam, well cultivated. Drained by Plope, Deep, and Muddy creeks, which flow into the Delaware. It contains a Methodist and a Friends church. It has 4 stores, cap. $4,800 ; 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $1,047. Pop. 1,252. Lower Ber.\e, p-o., Berne t., Berks co.. Pa., 60 E. Harrisburg, 153 W. Lower Blue Lick, p-o., Nicholas co., Ky., 68 E. by N. Frankfort, 485 W. Lower Chanceford, p-t., York co., Pa., 51 s. s. E. Harrisburg, 91 W. Susquehanna r. bounds it on the e., and Muddy cr., a branch of the Susquehanna, on the s. w. and s. Watered by Tom's cr. and Orson's run. McCall's ferry here crosses the Susquehanna. It has 4 stores, cap. $8,500 ; 1 woollen fac., 1 furnace, 1 forge, 1 tannery, 1 paper fac, 3 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $21,770. 5 sch. 125 scliolars. Population 1,291. Lower Chichester, t, Delav\-are co., Pa., 20 s. w. Philadelphia. Watered by Hook cr., a branch of Naaman's cr. The surface is level ; soil, loam. It has excellent apple orchards. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,600 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 14,056 sp., 1 tannery, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $90,700, 1 sch. 88 scholars. Pop. 666. Lower Dublin, t., Philadelphia co.. Pa. Sur- face, gentle declivities ; soil, sandy loam. Drain- ed by Pennypack cr. and Saw Mill run, which afford water power. It contains 3 Baptist, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist church. It has 12 stores, cap. $23,100 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $5,000 ; 5 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac $231,825. 5 acad. 235 students, 3 sch. 73 scholars. Pop. 3,298. Lower Gilmanton, p-o.. Gilmanton t, Bel- knap CO., N. H., 18 N. by e. Concord, 499 W. Lower Kinzua, p-o., Warren co.. Pa., 217 n. w. Harrisburg, 309. Lower Macu.ngv, t, Lehigh co.. Pa. The surface is level ; soil, calcareous loam. It has 5 stores, cap. $24,000 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 6 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $40,030. Pop. 2,156. Lower Mahanoy, t., Northumberland co.. Pa. It has 3 stores, cap. $1,200 ; 2 tanneries, 4 distil- 46 leries, 2 potteries, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufad $7,325. 4 sch. 107 scholars. Pop. 1,199. Lower Mahantanoo, p-t., Schuylkill co., Pa., 55 N. E. Harrisburg, 165 W. Crossed by Broad and Sharp's mountains. Its valleys are fertile ; soil, red shale. Watered by Deep and Swatara creeks. Anthracite coal is found. It has 4 stores, cap. $10,000; 2 tanneries, 5 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $700. 1 sch. 30 scho- lars. Pop. 1,465. Lower 3Iakefield, t., Bucks co.. Pa., 24 n. E. Philadelphia. The surface is rolling ; soil, clay and sandy loam. Delaware canal runs along its e. boundary. It has 2 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $3,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. ui manufac. $16,750. 4 sch. 232 scholars. Pop. 1,550. Lower Loutre, t., Montg.omery co., Mo< Pop. 1,307. Lower 3Iarlborough, p-v., Calvert co., Md., 41 s. w. Annapolis. Pop. 100. Lower Mbrion, p-t., Montgomery co.. Pa., 93 E. Harrisburg, 150 W. Watered by Schuyl- kill r. and Mill and Cobb's creeks. The surface is rolling ; soil, a fertile loam. It has 9 stores, cap. $13,950; 2 lumber yards, cap. $6,500; 2 woollen fac, 3 cotton fac. 1,532 sp., 7 paper fac, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $117,170. 6 sch. 734 scholars. Pop. 2,827. Lower Middleto.v, b., Swatara t., Dauphin, CO., Pa. Situated near the junction of Swatara and Susquehanna rivers, and at the union of the Pennsylvania and Ifnion canals. It was incor- porated in 1829, and contains 2 churches, 7 stores, and about 200 dwellings. 4 sch. 210 scholars. Pop. 756. Lower Mt. Bethel, t., Northampton co., Pa. It has 7 stores, cap. $15,500 ; 5 tanneries, 1 pow- der m., 1 flouring m., 8 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac $45,360. 5 sch. 185 scholars. Pop. 2,957. Lower Nazareth, t., Northampton co.. Pa. The surface is level ; soil, calcareous loam. Drained by 3Ianookisy cr. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,000; 2 iumber yards, cap. $2,000; 2 sch. 116 scholars. Pop. 1,201. Lower O.xford, t., Chester co.. Pa., 41 s. w. Philadelpliia. The surface is gently uneven ; soil, loam. Watered by branches of Octarara; and Elk creeks. The v., called Oxford, contains 1 Presbyterian church, 2 stores, and 15 or 20 dwellings. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $'.',000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 3 cotton fac. 2,500 sp., 1 tannery, 2 paper fac, 4 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 oil ra. Cap. in manufac. $53,125. dt sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 1,222. Lower Peach Tree, p-o., Wilcox co., Ala., 115 s. Tuscaloosa, 9'J7 W. Lower Paxton, t., Dauphin co.. Pa., 6 n. e. Harrisburg. W^atered by Beaver and Paxton's creeks. Blue mountain runs on its n. border. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 1 woollen fac, I tannery, 1 distillery, 1 grist m. Cap. in manu- fac $5,150. 1 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 1,337. Lower Penns Neck, N. J. (See Penns Neck, Lower.) Lower Provide.nce, t., Montgomery co.. Fa. The surface is hilly ; soil, red shale. Drained by Perkiomen and "Shippack creeks. Lead ore is found on the former. It has 5 stores, cap $21,500; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 7 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,646. 4 sch. 26S scholars. Pop. 1,413. Lower Rock Island, p-o.. Rock Island co., 111., 165 N. N. w. Springfield, 894 W. Lower Salem, p-o., Salem t., Wasliingtort CO., O., 114 E. s. E. Columbus, 302 W. LOW 362 LOY LowKR Salford, t., Montgomery cc, Pa., 25 N. \v. I'liiladelphia. Drained by branches of Perkioinen and Shippack oreeks. The surface is rolling ; soil, red shale and loam. It has 4 stores, cap. $10,500 ; 1 tannerj', 4 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in rnannfac. $3,350. 5 sch. '2(X) schol- ars. Pop. 1,141. LowKii Saxdu.?ky, p-v., Sandusky t., capital of Sandu.«ky co., O., 105 n. Columbus, 423 VV Situated on the w. bank of Sandusky r., which is navigable to this place for small steamboats. It contains a court hou.sc, 2 churches, 10 stores, 2 warehouses, 1 grist m., and 1 saw m. Fort Stevenson was situated here, where Col. Croghan made a gallant defence, in the last war, against the British and Indians. The remains of it are still seen. Pop. of t. 1,117. Lower Saucon, p-t., Northampton co.. Pa., 99 K. N. E. Harri.sburg, 192 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravel and calcareous loam. Wa- tered by Lehigh r. and Saucon cr. and its tribu- taries. Two bridges here cross the Lehigh. It contains the v. of Heller.slown. It has 5 stores, cap. SH,(X)0 ; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 paper fac, 2 flouring m., 7 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in maimfac. $70,200. 7 sch. 350 scholars. Pop. 2,710. LowKR St. Clair, t., Alleghany co., Pa. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam. Monongahela and Ohio rivers bound it on the s. Drained by Chartier's cr. and Saw Mill run. Coal abounds on the bank of the r. It contains the v. of Bir- mingham, opposite to, and 1 rnile below Pitts- burg. It has 5 stores, cap. $13,800; 3 furnaces, 1 lumber yard, cap. $.5,000; 1 tannery, 2 glass fac, 2 flouring m., 2 grist ni., 3 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $72,200. 1 acad. 12 students, 12 sch. 600 scholars. Pop. 4,373. Lower Swatara, t., Dauphin co.. Pa., 5 s. e. Harrisburg. Susquehanna r. bounds it on the .s. w. The surface is hilly ; soil, calcareous loam and slate. Watered by Spring and other creeks. Harrisburg lies partly in this t. It has 3 stores, cap. $.5,900; 4 lumber yard.s, cap. $31,000; 2 flouring m., 1 grist m., 1 saw m. ('ap. in manu- fac. $1,900. 2 sch. 95 scholars. Pop. 1,25S. Lower S.mithfield, t., Monroe co.. Pa. It has 6 stores, cap. $14,000 ; 4 tanneries, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,500. Pop. 1,192. Lower Three Ru.\.s, no., Barnwell dist., S. C, 128 s. Columbia, 621 W. Lower Waterford, p-o., Caledonia co., Vt., 53 E. \. e. Montpclier, 543 W. Lower Wi\d.sor, t., York co.. Pa. It has 5 stores, cap. $11,100; 1 furnace, 1 forge, 1 tanne- ry, 2 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $35,015. 7 sch. 150 schol- ars. Pop. 1,6S7. Lowe's, p-o., Robertson co., Tenn., 22 s. w. Nashville, 706 W. Low Hill, p-t., Lehigh co.. Pa., 88 e. n. e. Harrisburg, 181 W. The surface is hilly; soil, white gravel. It contains a Lutheran church in its s. w. part. It has 4 stores, cap. $7,500; 1 tannery, 5 distilleries, 5 grist m., 4 saw m., 2 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $1,500. 4 sch. 120 schol- ars. Pop. 851. Low's Ferry, p-o., Natchitoches parish. La., 417 N. w. by w. New Orieans, 1,346 W. Lowf-ville, p-v., Madison co., Ala., 163 s. n. E. Tuscaloosa, 703 W. Situated on the e. side of Flint r. Low Hampto.n, p-o., Hampton t., Wasliington CO., N. Y., 78 N. N. E. Albany, 448 W. LowMAN, p-o., Lewis co., Va., 307 w. n. w. Richmond, 276 W. Situated on Hughes' r., a branch of Little Kanawha, which is navigable for small vessels. Great quantities of lumbfer pass down the r. LowNDE.s. county, Ga. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 2,080 sq. ms. Watered by Suwannee and VVilhlacoochee rivers. Capi- tal, Troupsville. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 41,003, sheep 2,458, swine 20,349; wheat 2,333 bush, produced, Ind. com 130,198, buck- wheat 56,235, oats 1,172, potatoes 25,512, cotton 275,696 pounds ; 5 stores, cap. .$40,000; 1 distil- lery, 9 grist m., 5 saw m. 1 sch. 12 scholars. Pop. whites 4,394, slaves 1,177, free col'd 3; total, 5,574. Low.NDEs, county, Ala. Situated a little s. of the centre of the state, and contains 1,600 sq. ms. Alabama r. bounds it on the n., by branches of which it is watered. Capital, Haynesville. There were in 1840, neat cattle .3,750, sheep 801, swine 97,.365 ; wheat 1,421 bush, produced, rye 1,736, Ind. com 162,510, oats 11,113, potatoes 10,.353, rice 4,713 pounds, cotton 80.3,932 ; 30 stores, cap. $129,300 ; 3 tanneries. Cap. in man- ufac. $4,7.50. 4 acad. 2-47 students, 3 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. whites 6,956, slaves 12,569, free col'd 14; total, 19,539. Lowndes, county. Miss. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 324 sq. ms. Drained by Tombigbee r. and its branches. Surface un- dulating ; soil, fertile. Capital, Columbus. There were in 1810, neat cattle 11,960, sheep 3,669, swine 29,463 ; wheat 13,663 bush, produced, Ind. corn 575,140, oats 39,915. potatoes 3,100, cotton 7,153,056 pounds; 20 stores, cap. $190,000; 10 tanneries, 9 grist m., 8 saw m., 17 oil m., 2 print- ing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in man- ufac. $36,600; 1 college, 54 students, 2 acad. 75 students, 8 sch. 221 scholars. Pop. whites 5,730, slaves 8,771, free cold 12 ; total, 14,513. LowxDK.s, p-o., Wayne co., Mo., 209 s. E. JefTer-son City, 920 W. LowNDESBOROUGH, p-v., Lowndcs CO., Ala., 118 s. E. by s. Tuscaloosa, 858 W. Lowi\DEsviLLE, p-v., Abbeville dist., S. C, 113 w. Columbia, 550 W. Lowrance's Mill, p-o., Lincoln co., N. C, 166 w. Raleigh, 403 W. Lowtiier's Run, p-o., Lewis co., Va., 299 w. N. w. Richmond, 267 W. Lowville, p-t., Lewis co., N. Y., 137 n. w. Albany, 4:36 W. The surface is rolling; soil very fertile, particularly on Black r., which bounds it on the e. The v. contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — an academy, a bank, 7 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 sawm., 100 dwellings, and about 650 inhabitants. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. $1 1,8(X) ; 1 fulling m., 8 saw m., 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $23,465. 16 sch. 601 scholars. Pop. 2,047. Lt.ovd's, p-o., Essex co., Va., 54 n. e. Rich- mond, 93 W. Lovalhannaif, t., Westmoreland co., Pa. It has 8 sch. 240 scholars. Pop. 1,130. LovALSocK, t., Lycoming co.. Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000; 1 fumace, 1 forge, 1 distillery, 1 gri.st m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $39,500. 5 sch. 145 scholars. Pop. 1,107. LovALSocK, r., Pa., rises in Bradford co., and falls into the w. branch of Susquehanna r., 4 ms below Williamsport. LovDsviLLE, p-v., Belmont co., O., 109 e. Co- lumbus, 234 W. LoYsBURG, p-o., Bedford co.. Pa., 109 w. by s. Harrisburg, 135 W. Loy's Cross Roads, p-o., Anderson co., Term., 191 E. Nashville, 500 VV. LUM 3G3 LUR LuBEC, p-t., and port of entry, Washington co., Me., 180 E. N. E. Augusta, 766 W. Situated at the w. entrance of Passamaquoddy bay, where is a light-house, on a point of land. It has a good harbor, protected by Grand iMenan island. It has a number of bays and entrances, and some islands. The soil is fertile. It has 13 stores, cap. S3S,000 ; 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in raanufac. §91,517. I'i sch. 847 scholars. Pop. 2,307. Lucas, county, O. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 600 sq. ms. Maumee r. runs on its s. e. border. Watered by St. Jo- seph's r. and Bear cr. The surface is level ; soil, fertile. Capital, Toledo. There were in J840, neat cattle 11,597, sheep 3,103, swine 18,381; wheat 103,838 bush, produced, rye 5.245, Ind. corn 154,017, buckwheat 13,968, barley 59,922, oats 62,444, potatoes 122,904, sugar 14,061 pounds ; 6 commission houses, cap. §26,350 ; 41 stores, cap. $.17,115 ; 1 brewery, 5 grist m., 19 saw m., 3 printing offices. Cap. in manufac. $74,363. 43 sch. 1,131 scholars. Population, 9,332. LircASviLLE, p-t., Jefferson t., Scioto co., O., 78 s. Columbus, 412 W. Lucerne, p-o., Washtenaw co., 3Iich., 38 w. Detroit, 542 W. LucKsviLLE, p-0.. Hall CO., Ga., 124 n. n. w. Milledgeville, 627 W. Lucy's Creek, p-o., Gasconade co., Mo., 22 E. Jefferson City, 914 W. • Ludlow, p-t., Windsor co., Vt., 80 s. Montpe- lier, 472 W. Chartered in 1761. The surface is mountainous ; soil adapted to grazing. Watered by Black r., on which is a pleasant v., containing a church, several stores, and 30 or 40 dwellings. The Congregationalists, Baptists, and Methodists have churches in the t. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $10,.500 ; 3 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $19,260. 1 acad. 130 students, 16 sch. 488 scholars. Pop. 1,363. Ludlow, p-t., Hampden co., Mass., 82 w. by s. Boston, 373 W. Watered by Chickapee r., which affords water power. Incorporated in 1774. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,000. 10 sch. 250 scholars. Pop. 1,268. LuDLOwviLLE, p-v., Lausiug t., Tompluns CO., N. Y., 172 w. by s. Albany, 305 W. Situated on Salmon cr., where is a fall of nearly 100 feet. It contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 4 stores, 2 flouring ni., 1 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 cloth- ier's works, 1 tannery, 90 dwellings, and about 450 inhabitants. Lumber. Citv, p-v., Telfair co., Ga., 138 s. by E. Milledgeville, 750 W. Lu.MBER, t., Clinton co., Pa. It has 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. Pop. 105. LuMBERLANn, p-t., SuUivau CO., N. Y., 129 s. w. Albany, 287 W. The surface is hilly; soil, gravelly loam, timbered with oak and pine. Drained by Mongoup r. and other branches of Delaware r., which runs on its s. w. border. It has 9 stores, cap. $4,510; 3 grist m., 39 saw m. Cap. in raanufac. $69,200. 4 sch. 272 scholars. Pop. 1,205. LuMuERPORT, p-v., Harrisoii co., Va., 261 n. w. Richmond, 221 W. Lumber, r., N. C. and S. C, a n. e. branch of Little Pedee r., which it enters on the boimdary between Marion and Horry districts. LuMBERTON, p-v., Clinton co., O., 74 s. w. Co- lumbus, 453 W. LuHBERTON, p-v.. Capital of Robeson co., N. C, 91 s. by w. Raleigh 379 W. Situated on the E. bank of Lumber r. It contains a court house, jail, and several stores and dwellings. Lu.MRERviLLE, p-v., Solebury t., Bucks co. Pa., 117 E. Harrisburg, 17 J W. Situated on the w. bank of Delaware r., and contains 2 stores, 1 grist m., and 15 or 16 dwellings. It has consid- erable trade in lumber. LuMPKix, coimty, Ga. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 700 sq. ms. Drained by Etowah and Chestatee rivers, and their branches. Surface, hilly ; soil on the streams, very fertile. It contains the richest gold mines in the country. Capital, Dahlonega. Tliere were in 18 JO, neat cattle 5,602, sheep 2,116, swine 14,383; wheat 10,061 bush, produced, rye 777, Ind. corn 214,754, oats 9,924, potatoes 7,813, to- bacco 4,217 pounds, cotton 17,812; 36 stores, cap. $91,500; 91 smelting houses produced gold to the value of $74,400 ; 1 tannery, 27 distilleries, 1 pottery, 29 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $2,920. 14 sch. 352 scholars. Pop. wliiies 5,143, slaves 516, free col'd 12 ; total 5,671. Lu.MPKiN, p-v., capital of Stewart co., Ga., 137 s. w. Milledgeville, 793 W. Situated on the s. side of Hannahatchee cr., 16 ms. e. from its en- trance into Chattahoochee r. It contains a court house, jail, 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist church, 14 stores, and 36 dwellings. Lu.NEiNBURG, county, Va. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 410 sq. ms. Drain- ed by 3Ieherrin r. and its branches. Capital, Lewistown. There v\-ere in 1840, neat cuttle 7,470, sheep 9,004, swine 15,805 ; wheat 26,824 bush, produced, Ind. corn 274,547, oats 138,245, potatoes 10,136, tobacco 2,640,000 pounds, cotton 8,590; 30 stores, cap. $111,152; 3 tanneries, 22 grist m., 6 saw m., 12 sch. 230 scholars. Pop. whites 4,132, slaves 6,707, free col'd 216 ; total, 11,055. Lu.NENBURG, p-t., Essex CO., Vt., 58 e. n. e. Montpelier, 567 W. Situated on the w. side of Connecticut r., which rims on its s. e. border. Fifteen 3Iile falls, on that r., commence in the s. E. part of the t. Watered by Neal's pond and Neal's branch, which passes through it, and Cat- bow branch, which aflbrd good water power. It has a Congregational and a Baptist church. Chartered in 1763. It contains 2 stores, cap. $4,500 ; 1 fulling m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $3,800. 11 sch. 377 scholars. Pop. 1,130. Lu.NENBURG, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 46 N. w. Boston, 428 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, fertile. Watered by branches of JSashau r. In- corporated in 1728. It contains 1 store, cap. $5,000 ; 2 tanneries, 2 printing offices, 1 bindery, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $29,161. 10 sch. 424 scholars. Pop. 1,272. Lunenburg, C". II., p-v., and capital of Lunen- burg CO., Va., 78 s. w. Richmond, 197 W. It contains a handsome brick court house, with a portico of 4 columns in front, jail, clerk's office, 2 stores, 20 dwellings, and about 100 inhabit- ants. (See Lewistown.) Luney's Creek, p-o., Hardy co., Va., 190 n. w. Richmond, 142 W. LuKAY, p-v., capital of Page co., Va., 130 x. w. Richmond, 96 W. Situated on Hawksbill cr. Organized in 1814, when the first house was built. It contains a court house, jail, 2 churches — 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist — 1 stores, 1 tannery, 50 dwellings, and 400 inhabitants. LuRAY, p-v.. Union t., Licking co., O., 25 e. Columbus. 368 W. It contains 1 church, 2 stores, and 109 inhabitants. It is surrounded by a rich and fertile country. LuRAY, p-v., Henry co., la., 57 e. Indianapolis, 538 W. LYK 364 LYN LuRGAN, t., Franklin co., Pa., 13 n. Chambers- burg. The surface is a level valley; soil, slate. Drained by the .n. and s. branch of ConedoRwiii- nit cr. It has 3 stores, cap. .$-l,.iOO; 2 tannerie.'i, 5 grist m., 6 saw m., 2 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $1(),()()(). 7 sch. 250 scholars. Pop. 1,143. Lusk's Mills, p-o., Parke co., la., 74 w. Indian- apolis, 645 W. LuTHERSBURG, p-v., Clearfield co.. Pa., 145 n. w. Harrisburg, 237 W. LiiTHERviLLE, p-v., Mcriwethcr co., Ga., 108 w. Milledgeville, 727 W. LuzER.NE, county, Pa. Situated toward the N. E. part of the state, and contains 1,310 sq. ms. Watered by Susquehanna r. The surface is greatly diversified. The valleys are fertile. Much of it is incapable of cultivation. Anthra- cite coal is extensively found. Capital, Wilkes- barre. There were in 1H40, neat cattle 30,241, sheep 52,415, swine 37,007; wheat 244,38'J bush, produced, rye 07,504, Indian corn 252,235, buck- wheat 131,923, oats 340,094, potatoes 384,217, anthracite coal 207,878 ; Id-i stores, capital $537,400; 6 furnaces, 1 forge, 12 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 24 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 2 brew- eries, 4 powder in., 1 pottery, 1 rope fac, 30 flouring m., 45 grist m., 212 saw m., 1 paper fac, 2 priming offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $860,390. 5 acad. 140 students, 182 sch. 7,418 scholars. Pop. 44,006. Luzerne, t., Fayette co.. Pa., 12 n. w. Union- town. The surface is level ; soil, calcareous loam. It lies on the great bend of Monongahela r., which bounds it n. and w. Drained by Dun- lap's cr., across which is a bridge, connecting it with Brownsville. It has 3 stores, cap. $6,000 : 2 tanneries, 4 tlouring in., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,330. 4 schools, 95 scholars. Pop. 1,715. Luzerne, p-t., Warren co., N. Y. Situated on the E. side of Hudson r. The surface is hilly, excepting near the Hudson. The v., situated on the E. side of the r., contains 1 church, 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 clothier's works, 40 dwell- ings, and about 250 inhabitants. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $4,000; 1 fulling m., 1 tan- nery, 2 grist 111., 21 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,500. 11 sch. 435 scholars. Pop. 1,284. Lycoming, county, Pa. Situated a little n. of the centre of the stale, and contains 1,600 square miles. Drained by the w. hrancli of Su.squclian- na r. and its tributaries. The surface is broken and mountainous ; the soil, in the valleys and on the streams, is fertile. A canal passes along the w. branch of Susquehanna r., through the co., connecting with the Pennsylvania canal, at the mouth of the Juniata. Capital, Williamsport. There were in 1840, neat cattle 16,713, sheep 24,518, swine 26,0-iO; wheat 231,757 bushels produced, rye 116,939, Indian corn 177,082, buck- wheat 63,209, oats 208,71.5, potatoes 191,113, sugar 3iJ,242 pounds ; 67 stores, c;ip. $252,400 ; y lumber yards, cap. $2,600 ; 1 fulling in., 9 woollen fac, 20 tanneries, 11 distilleries, 1 pot- tery, 3 pruiiing otiices, 2 weekly newspapers, 1 flouring m., 43 gri.-^t m., 55 saw ni., 2 oil ni. Cup. in manufac. $3r4 683. 3 acad 52 students, 118 sch. 4,094 scholars. Pop. 22,649. Lycoming, t., Lycoming co.. Pa. The sur- face is mountainous, excejjting on the streams, where, and in the valleys, is fertile land. Soil, calcareous loam. Drained by Lycoming creek, which flows into the Susquehanna r. It has 4 stores, cap. $16,000; 3 tanneries, 3 grist m., 8 saw m. ('ap. in manufac. $22,250. ) acad. 8 students, 6 sch. 183 scholars. Pop. 1,917. Lykens, t., Dauphin co., Pa., 26 n. Harrisburg. The surface is mountainous ; soil, red shale. Watered by Wiconisco, Little, and Mahantango creeks. It contains coal, very easy of access. It has 3 stores, cap. $8,500; 1 i'ulling m., 2 tanne- ries, 2 distilleries, 5 flouring m., 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $19,400. 8 sch. 295 schol- ars. Pop. 1,409. Lykins, t., Crawford co., O., 8 N.by w. Bacy- rus. It has 8 sch. 246 scholars. Pop. 742. Lyman, p-t., York co., Me., 72 s. w. Augusta, 523 W. Watered by branches of the Saco and Kennebunk rivers, the latter of which rises in a pond near its centre. It has 3 stores, capital .■iil,200; 1 gri.st m., 5 saw ra., 13 sch. 545 schol- ars. Pop. 1,478. LvMAN, p-t., Grafton co., N. H., 107 n. n. w. Concord, 533 W. Watered by Burnham's r., a branch of Ammonoosuc r. Connecticut r. runs on its w. boundary, and here is a part of the Fif- teen Mile falls, which terminate a little below. It has 2 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 3 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $2,350. 9 sch. 530 scholars. Pop. 1,480. Lyman Centre, p-o., Lyman t., York co., Me., 74 s. w. Augusta, 522 W. Lymansville, p-v., Potter co., Pa., 167 n. n. w. Harrisburg, 277 W. Lyme, p-t., Grafton co., N. H., 53 n. w. Con- cord, 498 W. Connecticut r. runs on its w. bor- der, by small branches of which it is watered. The surface is uneven ; soil, generally fertile. Chartered in 1764. It has 3 stores, cap. $19,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $22,100. 1 acad. 100 students, 16 sch. 531 scholars. Pop. 1,785. Lyme, p-t.. New London co., Ct., 45 s. by e. Hartford, 338 W. Incorporated in 1667. Situ- ated on the E. side of Connecticut river, at its mouth, where is a ferry to Saybrook. Near the sound, the surface is level, or moderately hilly, with considerable .salt marsh. Toward the n. the surface is stony and mountainous, where the soil is chiefly adapted to grazing. There are 6 churches in the t.-— 4 Congregational, and 2 Bap- tist. The v. is on a plain, and on one street, half a mile e. of the river. There arc in the t. 8 stores, cap. $35,050 ; 1 lumber yard, capital $3,000 ; 3 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 6 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,900. 18 sch. 847 scholars. Pop. 2,856. Lyme, t., Jeflferson co., N. Y., 12 w. Water- town, 172 N. w. Albany. The surface is gently undulating; soil, a fertile, sandy, and marly loam. Watered by Chaumont r. ; bounded by St. Lawrence r. on the w., and by Lake On- tario on the s., in which are several islands he- longing to the t. It has 9 stores, cap. $23,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 13 saw- m. Cap. in manu- fac $20,851 ; 14 sch. 466 scholars. Pop. 5,472. Ly.me, p-t., Huron co., O., 99 .n. by e. ( oluinbus, 402 W. Tlie V. is situated on the border of a beautiful prairie, and contains 1 church, a store, and a number of dwellings. The t. has 1 store, cap. $500; 2 saw in. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 7 sch. 313 scholars. Pop. 1,320. Lynoiiiiurg, p-v., Campbell co., Va., 116 w. by s. liichmond, 191 W. Situated on the s. bank of James r., 20 ms. below its passage through the Blue Ridge. In 1793 it contained but 5 houses. Incorporated in 1805. It contains 7 churches — 2 Presbyterian, 2 Methodist, 1 Bap- tist, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Roman Catholic. There is a Friends church in the vicinity. It has 6 warehouses in which from 15 to 20,000,' 00 lbs. of tobacco are annually inspected. It has 128 stores and groceries, 22 tobacco fac, which manufacture from 35 to 40,000 boxes of tobacco annually, 1 large cotton fac, 1 iron foimdry, 3 LYN 365 LYS large flouring m., 15 classical schools, 1,000 houses, and 6,395 inhabitants. The James r. and Kanawha canal connects this place with Richmond. On it are 5 handsome packet-boats for passengers, and about 40 freight-boatts, of from 60 to 100 tons burden. The back country and trade of this place are very extensive. Ly.n'chburg, p-v., Lincoln co., Tenn., 78 s. Nashville, 701 W. Situated on one of the head branches of Elk r. Lynchburg, p-v., Dodson t.. Highland co., O., 8S s. w. Columbus, 451 W. Situated on the e. fork of Little Miami r., and contains 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 carding machine, 2 tanne- ries, 30 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. Lynch's Creek, p-c, Williamsburg dist., S. C, 151 E. by s. Columbia, 448 W. The stream rises in N. C, and after a course of 120 ms., flows into Great Pedee r., in Williamsburg dist., S. C. It is navigable for more than 60 miles. Lynchwood, p-v., Kershaw dist., S. C, 51 n. E. Columbia, 365 W. Lyndeborough, p-t., Hillsboro' county, N. H., 33 s. s. w. Concord, 461 W. The surface is mostly uneven and rough i soil, well adapted to grazing. Incorporated in 1764. Drained by branches of Souhegan r. It has 1 store, capital $1,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,265. 12 sch. 334 scholars. Pop. 1,032. Lyndon, p-t., Caledonia co., Vt., 44 n. e. Mont- pelier, 554 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, very productive. Watered by Pasumsic river, wliich has 2 considerable falls, 'and affords ex- tensive water power. The v. is pleasant, and has considerable trade. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $12,000; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 8 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $18,210. 1 acad. 131 students, 16 sch. 607 schol- ars. Pop. 1,753. Lyndon, t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 18 e. Elli- cottville, 274 w. Albany. The surface is undu- lating soil : sandy and gravelly loam. Drained by Ischua and Oil creeks. It has 7 sch. 225 schol- ars. Pop. 628. Lyndon, v., Yates t., Orleans co., N. Y. It contains 2 churches, 3 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 60 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants. Lyndon, p-v., Whitesides county. 111., 180 n. Springfield, 855 W. Lyndon Centre, p-o., Lyndon t., Caledonia CO., Vt., 46 N. e. Montpelier, 556 W. Lynesville, p-v., Granville co., N. C, 54 n. Raleigh, 241 W. Lynn, p-t, Essex county, Mass., 9 n. e. Boston, 449 W. The ocean waslies its s. border, and in the s. E. is excellent salt marsh. Watered by Saugus r. The surface is level, with rocky hills 10 the N. The v. contains 8 churches — 3 Metho- dist, 2 Congregational, 1 Friends, 1 Baptist, and 1 Universalist — 2 banks, besides 1 for savings, and an academy. The peninsula of Nahant is a rocky promontory in the ocean, connected with a smaller peninsula, called Little Nahant, by a beach, and both are connected with the shore by a beach a mile and a half long, barely sufficient- ly elevated not to be overflowed. A splendid hotel, at the e. end of the peninsula, receives numerous visiters in the summer season. Lynn lias long been celebrated for the maimfacture of ladies' shoes, and produces over 2,500,000 pairs annually. It has 36 stores, cap. $134,000 , 1 rope fac, 3 grist m., 1 saw m., 2 printing offices, 4 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufactures, $408,700. 6 acad. 133 students, 10 sch. 1,035 scholars. Pop. 9,367. Lynn, p-o., Susquehanna co., Pa., 169 n. n e. Harrisburg, 276 W. Lynn, t., Lehigh co., Pa. It has 7 stores, cap. $19,100 ; 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 50 distiller- ies, 1 powder m., 10 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,500. 7 sch. 312 scholars. Pop. 1,895. Lynn, t., Posey co., la. It has 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,000. Pop. 845. Lynn Camp, p-o., Knox co., Ky., 107 s. e. by s. Frankfort, 531 W. Lynnfield, p-t., Essex co., Mass., 20 n. Bos- ton, 460 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, not very productive. Watered by Ipswich r. In- corporated in 1782. It has cap. in manufactures $8,000. 3 sch. 190 scholars. Pop. 707. Ly.nnville, p-v., Lynn t., Lehigh co.. Pa., 83 E. N. e. Harrisburg, 175 W. Lynnville, p v., Warwick co., la., 162 s. w. by s. Indianapolis, 700 W. Situated on the head waters of Great Pigeon cr. Lynnville, p-v., Giles co., Tenn., 60 s. Nash- ville, 724 W. Situated on Richland cr. Lynnville, p-v., Morgan co.. 111., 41 w. Spring- field, 821 W. Lyons, p-t., capital of Wayne co., N. Y., 180 w. by N. Albany, 357 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, a fertile sandy and calcareous loam. Drained by Clyde r., formed by the junction of Mud cr. with Canandaigua outlet. The v. is situated on the Erie canal, and contains a court house, jail, clerk's office, 5 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Epis- copal, 1 Methodist, 1 Baptist, and 1 Lutheran — a bank, 20 stores, 2 warehouses, 2 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 steam furnace and saw m., 2 tanneries, 2 carriage fac, 300 dwellings, and about 1,800 in- habitants. There are in the t. 20 stores, capital $165,000; 1 lumber yard, cap. $200; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 pottery, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers, 5 flouring m., 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $92,005. 8 sch. 972 scholars. Pop. 4,302. Lyons, p-o., Lucas co., O., 165 n. w. Colum- bus, 496 W. Lyons, p-t., Ionia co , Mich., 134 w. n. w. De- troit, 628 W. Situated on both sides of Grand r., at the head of steamboat navigation, 100 ms. from its mouth. The r. here has a fall, creating a good water power. The v. has 2 stores, 30 dwellings, and 150 inhabitants. The r. is boatable above for flat bottomed boats. There are in the t. I store, cap. $4,000 ; 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,900. 4 sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 497. Lyon, t., Oakland co., Mich. It has 1 store, cap. $1,500. 10 sch. 290 scholars. Pop. 1,206. Lyo.ns, p-o., Clinton co., Iowa. Lyonsd.\le, p-o., Greig t., Lewis co., N. Y., 122 N. w. Albany, 426 W. Lyon's Store, p-o., Hawkins co., Tenn., 257 e. Nashville, 425 W. Lys.\nder, p-t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 144 w. by N. Albany, 361 W. The surface is generally level ; soil, lertile. Watered by Seneca r., which bounds it on the s. It has 7 stores, cap. $32,61)0 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 1 grist m., 16 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $80,130. 18 sch. 930 scholars. Pop. 4,306. MAC 366 MAC M. Mabbettsville, p-0., Washington t., Dutch- ess CO., N. Y., 78 s. Albany, 316 W. MacAllister's Cross Roads, p-o., Mont- gomery CO., Tenn., 53 n. w. Nashville, 737 VV. Mac Allistersville, p-v., Juniata co.. Pa., 55 N. \v. Ilarrisburg, 149 W. MacAuson's Stand, p-o., De Soto co., Miss., 213 N. Jackson, 913 W. MacArthur, t., Logan co., O. Organized in 1823. It has 6 sch. 144 scholars. Pop. 1,674. 3IacAktiiursto\vn, p-v.. Elk t., Athens co., O., 71 s. E. Columbus, 365 W. Situated on a brunch of Racoon creek. It contains 4 stores, 1 large burr-millstone fac, 1 carding machine, and other manufactories. MacBridesville, p-o., Union dist., S. C, 80 N. w. Columbia, 474 W. MacCall's Creek, p-o., Franklin co., Miss., 70 s. w. Jack.son, 1,080 W. MacCall's Ferry, p-o., York co., Pa., 52 s. Hurrisburg, 88 VV. MacCandless, p-o., Butler co., Pa., 211 w. by N. Harrisburg, 253 VV. MacCann's, p-o., Rush co., la., 46 e. Indian- npolLs, 533 VV. MacC'lellandstown, p-v., German t., Fay- ette CO., Pa., 187 w. by s. Harrisburg, 204 W. 'it contains 1 church, 4 stores, and about 50 dvpell- ings. jVIacCo.vnelsburg, p-v.. Air t., Bedford co.. Pa., 67 w. s. w. Harrisburg, 95 W. Situated in a pleasant valley, on Big Cove cr. It contains 2 Presbyterian churches, 6 stores, 100 dwellings, and about 600 inliabitants. Incorporated in 1814. MacC'o.m.vel.svh.le, p-o., Vienna t., Oneida CO., N. Y., 121 w. N. w. Albany, 391 W. MacConnelsville, p-v., Morgan t., capital of Morgan co., O., 73 e. by s. Columbus, 330 VV. Situated on the E. bank of Muskingum r., at an elevation of from 10 to 3!) iect above high water. it contains a court house, jail, 2 churches — 1 Pres- byterian and 1 Baptist — 12 stores, 2 tanneries, 80 dwellings, and SOU inhabitants. MacCracke.\, county, Ky. Situated in tlie w. part of the state, and contains 200 square nis. The Ohio r. bounds it on the n. and n. e. The surface is level ; soil, very fertile. Drained by Clark'.s r., and its branches. Capital, Padueah. 'J'here were in 1810, neat cattle 5, 921, sheep 2,447, swine 17,1)6 ■<; wheat 13,4.')5 bushels pro- duced, Indian corn )9-*,277, oals 25,649, potatoes 11,917, tobacco 65,643 pounds, cotton 9,63H ; 39 etore.s, cap. $116,775 ; 3 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 8 grist m., 1 saw ra., 1 printing olRce, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in rnanufac. $10,316. 4 acad. 115 studenis, 6 sch. 112 scholars. Pop. wliites 4,064, slaves 651, free col'd 27 ; total, 4,745 MacCullocu's Mills, p-o., Juniata co.. Pa., 61 N. w. Columbus, 133 VV. MacCiu.louijm's, po., Jeflferson co., O., 127 E. .N. E. Columbus, 280 W. MAoCuTciniNsviLLE, p-v., Crawford co., O., 76 N. Columbus, 425 VV. It contains 3 churches, 5 stores, about 50 dwellings, and 300 inhabitants. MacDa.mels, n-o.. Orange co., M. C, 61 n. w. Raleigh 296 W. MacUa.melsville, p-v., Spartanburg dist.. S. C, 92 N. w. Columbia, 481 W. MacDo.nald, I., Hardin rn., O. Pop. 285. MacDonald, p v., capital of Randolph co. MacDonald, p-v., capital of Barry co., Mo., 200 s. w. Jeflerson City, 1,115 VV. Situated oa the N. side of a small branch of VV'hite r. iVIacDosougii, county. 111. Situated in tho w. part of the state, and contains 576 square ms. Organized in 1829. Watered by Crooked creek and its branches. Much of the surface is prairie ; soil, very fertile. Capital, Macomb. There wero in 1840, neat cattle 5,112, sheep .5,643, swine 15,368 ; wheat 25,6S4 bush, produced, Indian corn 222,553, oats 41,030, potatoes 14,139; 9 stores, cap. §26,200; 6 grist m., 13 saw m. Capital iii manufac. i5;44,90O. 15 sch. 336 scholars. Pop. 5,308. MacDonough, p-t., Chenango co., N. Y., 119 w. Albany, 326 VV. The surl'ace has several ridges ; soil, clay loam, adapted to grass. Drained by Bowman's and Geneganslette creeks. The 'v., on the latter cr., contains 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 paper m., 40 dwellings, and about 200 inhabit- ants. It has 2 stores, cap. S14,000; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 1 printing oflice, 1 weekly newspa- per, 2 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $36,930. 13 sch. 529 scholars. Pop. 1,369. MacDonougii, p-v., capital of Henry co., Ga., 65 w. N. w. Milledgevillc, 669 VV. Situated be- tween Towelagga and South Ocmulgee rivers. It contains a court bouse, jail, 2 churches — 1 Bap- tist and 1 Methodist — an academy, which cost $2,200, 8 stores, about 50 dwellings, and 300 in- habitants. MacEwexs Cross Roads, p-o., Troy t., Rich- land CO., O., 57 N. by e. Columbus, 3.S8 VV. MacEwensville, p-o., Northumberland co., Pa., 75 N. Harrisburg, 185 VV. MacFarland, p-o., Lunenburg co., Va., 70 s. VV. Richmond, 189 VV. MacGahevsville, p-o., Rockingham co., Va., 116 N. w. Richmond, 131 VV^. MacGeho.vsrurg, p-o., Beaver co.. Pa., 246 vv. by N. Harrisburg, 272 VV. MacGrawville, p-v., Cortlandville t., Cort- land CO., N. Y., 142 w. Albany, 318 VV. It con- tains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 3Iethodist — 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 tan- nery, and a number of dwellings. iVlAcflARQUE's, p-o., Chariton co.. Mo., 90 N. \v. Jerterson City, 973 VV. iAlAcllENRV, county, 111. Situated in the n. E. corner of the stale, and contains 960 square miles. Drained by the .\. branch of Chicago, Des Plaines, and Fo.x rivers, and their branches. Soil, on the E. side of Fo,\ r., clayey ; on the w., a fertile sandy loam. Limestone abounds. Capital, 3Iac Henry. There were in IS 40, neat cattle 2,526, sheep 370, swine, 4,S68 ; wheat 43.957 bush, produced, Ind. corn 45,407, oats 3S,974, potatoes 33,870 ; 5 stores, cap. $7,.500 ; 1 distillery, 7 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. S1S,219. 15 sch. 265 scholars. Pop. 2,573. MacHenrv, p-v., capital of MacIIenry co , 111., 223 N. N. E. Springfiekl, 75S VV. Situated on the w. side of Fox r., 12 s. of the n. line of the state. It is surrounded by excellent prairie, groves of timber, and oak openings. MacIndoes Falls, pv., Barnet t., Caledonia CO., Vt., 46 E. by n. Alontpelier, 532 VV. It is situated at the head of navigation on Connecti- cut r. Macintosh, county, Ga. Situated in the s. e. Ala., 161 E. Tuscaloosa, 757 W. Situated 3 ms. j part of the stale, and contains 600 sq. ms. The E. of the Little Tallapoosa r. It lias a court Atlantic Ocean bounds it on the s. e. The sur- liousc, a male and female academy, and several face is level ; soil, fertile. 'J'he Altamaha r. runs dwellings. I on its s. w. border, and South Newport r. on the MAC 367 MAC N. E. Drained by Sapelo r., and Jones and Doc- tor's crs. It has several islands on its coast, of which Sapelo, Black Bend, and Wolf are the chief. Capital, Darien. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,884, sheep 734, swine 4,6 J2 ; Indian corn 30,406 bush, produced, potatoes 40,791, rice 2,826,203 pounds, cotton 542,877, sugar 7,300 ; 1 commercial and 5 commission houses, capital $50,000; 17 stores, cap. $86,400; 2 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 printing office. Cap. in manufactures $63,500. 1 acad. 65 students, 1 sch. 13 scholars. Pop. whites 1,348, slaves 3,910, free colored i02; total, 5,360. MacKaigs Mills, p-c, Columbiana co., O., 145 N. E. Columbus, 2S4 W. MacKean, county. Pa. Situated in the n. and toward the w. part of the state, and contains 1,470 sq. ms. Organized in 1804. Drained by Alleghany r. and its branches, and by Sinnema- honing cr., a head branch of the w. branch of Susquehanna r. The surface is hilly, and abounds with coal, iron, and salt. The soil is adapted to grazing. Capital, Smithport. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,977, sheep 3,713, swine 1,781 ; wheat 8,162 bush, produced, rye 1,870, Ind. corn 12,070, buckwheat 3,136, oats 19,378, potatoes 52,211, su- gar 69,750 pounds ; 10 stores, cap. $28, 100 ; 2 tan- eries, 9 grist m., 33 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $84,450. 1 acad. 30 students, 21 sch. 575 scholars. Pop. 2,975. MacKean, p-t., Erie co.. Pa., 9 s. Erie, 265 n. w. by w. Harrisburg, 338 VV. The surface is hilly; soil, gravelly loam. Drained by Walnut cr. and its branches, and by Elk cr. It has 1 fulling m., 4 grist m., 8 saw m. 12 schools 449 scholars. Pop. 1,714. MacKean, t.. Licking co., O. It lies directly n. of Granville, and contains the v. of Fredonia. 6 sch. 275 scholars. Pop. 1,317. MacKeansburg, p-v., Brunswick t, Schuyl- kill CO., Pa., 67 N. E. Harrisburg, 177 W. It contains 2 stores, and about 35 dwellings. MacKean's Old Stand, p-o., Westmoreland CO., Pa., 175 w. Harrisburg, 201 W. MacKees Half Falls, p-o., Union co., Pa., 40 N. Harrisburg, 150 W. MacKee's Port, p-v., Versailles t., Alleghany CO., Pa., 199 w. Harrisburg, 212 W. It contains a Presbyterian chui'ch, several stores, and 40 or 50 dwellings. MacKinley, p-o., Marengo co., Ala., 97 s. by w. Tuscaloosa, 890 W. MacKinster'.s, p-o., Meigs co., O., 88 s. e. Columbus, 355 W. MacKinstry's Mills, p-o., Carroll co., Md., 66 N. w. Annapolis, 69 W. MacLain, p-o., Henry co., C, 162 n. w. Co- lumbus, 493 W. MacLain's 3Iills, p-o., Waldo co., Me., 33 e. Augusta, 622 W. MacLean, county. 111. Situated a little n. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 1,296 sq. ms. Much of the surface is prairie, moderately undulating, and interspersed with fine groves of timber ; soil, dry and fertile. Drained by Mack- inaw r., and Kickapoo and Salt creeks. Capital, Bloomington. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,019, sheep 8,777, swine 25,740; wheat 44,471 bush, produced, Indian corn 350,820, oats 81,028, potatoes 4,586 ; 14 stores, cap. $29,000 ; 3 tan- neries, 6 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 14 grist m., 19 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,070. 3 acad. 70 students, 14 sch. 422 scholars. Pop. 6,565. MacLean, p-v., Groton t , Tompkins co., N. Y., 149 w. by s. Albany, 311 W. Situated on Fall cr., which affords extensive water power. It contains 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist church, 4 stores, 1 flouring m., 4 saw m., 1 iron foundry and trip-hammer works, 1 plaster m., 1 clothier's works, 1 tannery, 50 dwellings, and about 350 inhabitants. MacLean, t., Shelby co., O. It has cap. in manuiac. $50. Pop. 513. MacLkansborough, p-v., capital of Hamilton CO., 111., 156 s. s. E. Springfield, 776 W. Situated on a head branch of the n. fork of Saline cr., on elevated ground, and contains a court house, jail, about 25 dwellings, and 150 inhabitants. MacLeaxsville, p-v., Jackson co., Tenn., 85 E. Nashville, 651 W. MacLemonesville, p-v., Carroll co., Tenn , 107 w. Nashville, 790 W. 3IacLeod's, p-o., Greene co.. Miss., 195 s. E Jackson, 1,073 W. JMacMa-yn's, p-o., Greene co.. Miss., 210 s. E Jackson, 1,042 W. i'VIacMath's, p-o., Tuscaloosa co., Ala., 32 Tuscaloosa, 786 W. MacMkekin's, p-o., Fairfield dist., S. C, 23 N Columbia, 502 W. I\IacMi.nn, county, Tenn. Situated in the s e. part of the state, and contauis 608 sq. ras. Watered by Hiwassee r. and its branches. Capi • tal, Athens. There w'ere in 1840, neat cattle 11,407, sheep 8,232, swine 37,672; wheat 88,851 bush, produced, rye 3,507, Ind. corn 632,578, oats 163,634, potatoes 8,633, tobacco 7,36J pounds, cotton 1,443; 20 stores, cap $119,700; 2 cotton fac. 672 sp., 9 tanneries, 51 distilleries, 12 flour- ing m., 23 grist m., 29 saw m., 2 oil m., 1 paper fac, 2 piuiting ofllces, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $8S,191. 2 acad. 99 students, 7 sch. 222 scholars. Pop. whites 11,450, slaves 1,241, free col'd 2S ; total, 12,719. MacMinnville, p-v., capital of Warren co., Tenn., 75 s. e. Nashville, 624 W. Situated on the N. side of Barren Fork, opposite to the junc- tion of Hickory cr., wliich flow into the Caney Fork of Cumberland r. MacMurray's Store, p-o., Maury co., Tenn., 50 s. s. w. Nashville, 727 W. MacMurtrvton, p-o, Hardin co., Ky., 87 s. w. Frankiort, 627 W. MaCxXairv, county, Tenn. Situated toward the s. w. part of the state, and contains 960 sq. ms. Watered by branches of Big Hatchce and Forked Deer rivers. Capital, Purdy. There were in 1S40, neat cattle 12,252, sheep 6,110, swine 42,271 ; wheat 36,958 bush, produced, Ind. corn 235,715, oats 56,591, potatoes 13,577, tobac- co 243,120 pounds, cotton 42,446, sugar 1,897; 10 stores, cap. $16,5;)0 ; 1 woollen fac, 3 tanne- ries, 29 distilleries, 32 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac $30,759. 1 acad. .34 students, 11 sch. 273 scholars. Pop. whites 8,589, slaves 763, free col'd 33 ; total, 9,3:<5. MacNary's, p-o., Muhlenburg co., Ky., 187 w. s. vv. Frankfort, 729 W. Macoupin, cr., 111., rises in the n. part of Ma- con CO., and enters the Illinois r., 26 ms. above its junction with the Mississippi. The soil on its borders is fertile. Macoupin, county. 111. Situated a little s. w. of the centre of the state, and contains 864 sq. ms. Organized in 1829. The surface is slightly undulating, consisting of prairies and timber, the latter mostly along the streams. The soil is generally very fertile. Drained by Macoupin cr. and its branches, and by head branches of Caholda and Wood creeks. Capital, Carlinvillc. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11.773, sheep 10,231, swine 37,917 ; wheat 42,919 bush, produ- ced, Ind. corn 540,930, oats 57,685, potatoes 17,179, tobacco 11,196 pounds; 19 stores, cap. MAC 368 MAC $29)660 ; 1 tannery, 3 distilleries, 2 flouring m., 16 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,315. 1 acad. 45 students, 14 sch. 375 scholars. Pop. 7,8-26. jMacVeytown, p-v., Mifflin co.. Pa., 63 n. w. Harrisburg, 154 W. MacWhortkr's Mills, p-o., Lewis co., Va., 274 N. w. by w. Richmond, "Z-l-i W. MacWilll\.mstowi\, p-v., Chester co.. Pa., 65 .s. E. Harrisburg. Macedo.n, p-t., Wayne CO., N.Y., 20e. Lyons, 199 w. by N. Albany, 356 W. The surface is rolling; soil, clay and gravelly loam. Drained by Mud cr. It has 9 stores, cap. $16,050 ; 1 ful- ling m., 1 tannery, 5 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $44,115. 13 sch. 396 scholars. Pop. a,396. Macedon, p-o., Mercer co., O. Macedon Centre, p-o., Macedon t., Wayne CO., N. Y., 202 w. by n. Albany, 359 VV. Macedo.ma, p-v., Carroll co., Tonn., 108 w. Nashville, 793 VV. Macedonia, p-o., Montgomery co., N. C Machias, pt., port of entry and capital of Washington co.. Me., 151 e. by n. Augusta, 339 N. E. Bo.ston by land, and 300 by water. 773 W. The v. is situated on the e. side of the west branch of Machias r. at the falls, and coiilains a court house, jail, and has numerous mills. The r. admits vessels of 250 tons to within 50 rods of the mills. It produces a great amount of lumber for exportation. It has 10 stores, cap. $38,250 ; 2 tanneries, 2 grist in., 23 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $132,939. 11 sch. 332 scholars. Pop. 1,351. Tonnage of the dist., 11,817. Machias, p-t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 286 w. by s. Albany, 333 W. The surface is elevated and level ; soil, clay and gravelly loam. Drain- ed by Ischua cr., and the outlet of Lime lake, which enters Cattaraugus cr. The v. contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 saw m., 1 grist m., 1 tanne- ry, 35 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. There are in the t., 3 stores, cap. $2,300 ; 1 tan- nery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cup. in manufac. $3,910. 9 sch. 310 scholars. Pop. 1,055. Machias Port, p-t., and port of entry, Wash- ington CO., 3Ie., l.')5 K. by n. Augusta, 777 W. It is situated on Machias r., below the junction of the 2 brandies. It has an excellent harbor, protected by Cross island, at the mouth of the bay, and considerable shipping employed in the lumber trade, and in the fisheries. Incorpora- ted in 1820. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000; 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manuliic. $1,600. 12 sell. 301 scholars. Pop. 831. Mackinac, county, iMich. Situated in the upper peninsula of Michigan, and contains 13,464 sii. nis. The surface is various as well as the soil. Mackinac (pronounced 3Iackinaw) strait coniiecl.s Lake Michigan with Lake Huron, and is about 40 miles long, and in its narrowest part, 4 miles wide. It iii(;ludes several islands, which are Mackinac, liois lilanc, Drummond's, and several .small ones. The extreme elevation of 3Iackinac island above the lake, is 300 feet. It produces wheat, oats, barley, peas and beans. The settlement of it was commenced in 1764. In 1796 it was surrendered to the American go- vernment; taken by the Hriiish in Ksl2; but re- stored by the troiily of Ghent. Capital, Mack- inac. There wore in 184i), neat cattle 96, sheep 6, swine 65; Inil. corn 20 bush, produced, oals 614, potatoes 2,016 ; 11 stores, cap. $66,600 ; cap. in the fisheries, $1,000; value of sluns and furs produced, $21,750. Pop. 923. Mackinac, p-v., capital of Mackinac co., Mich., 300 N. N. w. Detroit, 821 W. Situated on the s. E. extremity of an island of the sama name, and contains a court house, jail, 1 Presby- terian, and 1 Roman Catholic church, 10 stores, a .school of the American Board of Foreign Mis- sions, a Roman Catholic missionary school, and a branch of the University of 3Iicliigan. Fort Mackinac stands on a rocky eminence, 150 ieet immediately above the v., which it commands. 'I'he harbor is safe and spacious, capable of accommodating 150 vessels. Over 3,OaO barrels of trout and while fish are annually exported, and it is the seat of an extensive fur trade. Mackinaw, r.. 111., rises in a prairie near the centre of McLean co., and running through Tazewell co., enters the Illinois r. 3 ms. below Pekin. It has rich bottoms, but the bluff's are broken, with a tliin soil, one or two miles wide. It atibrds water power. Mackinaw, p-v., Tazewell co.. 111., 64 n. Springfield, 764 VV. Situated in a prairie on the s. E. side of Mackinaw cr. Mackville, p-v., Franklin co., Ga., 121 n. Milledgeville, 595 W. Mackville, p-v., Washington co., Ky., 45 s. s. w. Frankfort, 567 W. Mackville, p-v., Randolph co., la., 75 e. n. E. Indianapolis, 512 W. 3Iacomb, county, 3Iich. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 4S5 sq. ms. Tlio surface in the e. part is level, in the w. part, rolling or hilly, and somewhat broken. The soil is generally very fertile, adapted to grain and to grass. St. Clair lake lies on its s. e. border. Watered by Clinton r. and its branches. Organ- ized in 1818. It contains 2 salt springs. Capital, Mount Clemens. There were in 18t0, neat cat- tle 7,193, sheep 8,959, swine 8,969 ; wheat 81,061 bush, produced, rye 7,387, Ind. corn 71,02:i, buckwheat 8,390, bariey 1,344, oats 69,792, pota- toes 80,881, sugar 32,991 pounds; 19 stores, cap. $56,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 distilleries, 1 glass fac, 4 flouring m., 1 grist m., 12 saw ni., 2 priming offices, 2 weekly new.spapers. Cap. in manufac. $109,5iJ0. 2 acad. 2j students, 76 sch. 1,973 scholars. Pop. 9,716. Maco.mb, p v., capital of MacDonough co.. III., 86 .N. w. Springfield, 859 W. Situated in a fer- tile prairie, 2 ms. s. of the Drowning Fork of Crooked cr. It contains a court house, 4 stores, and about 125 inhabitants. Macomb, p-t., Macomb co., Mich., 35 n. e. De- troit, 559 W. Watered by Clinton r. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. It has 9 sch. 226 scholars. Pop. 952. Macon, county, N. C. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 900 sq. ms. Drained by head branches of Tennessee r. The surface is elevated. Capital, Franklin. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,825, sheep 5,589, swine 11,883; wheat 6,311 bush, produced, rye 4,375, Ind. corn 125,820, oats 32,855, potatoes 8,613, tobacco 2,983 pounds ; 5 stores, cap. $27,800 ; 4 tanneries, 11 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 22 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. ,$6,600. 3 sch. 140 scholars. Pop. whites 4,446, slaves 368, free col'd 55 ; total 4,869. Macon, county, Ga. Situated a little s. w. of the centre of the stale, and contains 420 sq. ms. Drained by Flint r. and its tributaries. Capital, Lanier. There were in 1840, neat cattle 21,176, sheep 2,5S8, swine 19,050 ; wheat 20,933 bush, produced, rye 1,062, Ind. corn 212,039, oats 5,985, potatoes 19,883, cotton 1,379,605 ; 11 stores, cap. $30,600 ; 14 grist in., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,100. 3 sch. 58 scholars. Pop. whites 3,553, slaves 1,489, free col'd 3 ; total, 5,045. Macon, county, Ala. Situated toward the s. MAC 369 MAD E. part of the state, and contains 970 sq. ms. Wa- 1 tered by branches of Tallapoosa r.- Capital, Tus- kegee. There were in 1810, neat cattle 15,958, .sheep 762, svvme 21,731 ; wheat '2.3\6 bush, pro- duced, Ind. corn 31"i,3i3, oats (>,'-!tl, potatoes 29,076, cotton 883,125 pounds; 16 stores, cap $67,5U0 ; 2 tanneries, 1 pottery, 3 flouring m.( 13 grist m., 11 saw ni. Cap. in manufac. !$67,."'25. 6 acad. 243 students, 14 sch. 36 S scholars. Pop. whites 5,369, slaves 5,851, free col'd 27; total, 11,247. M.\co.\, county. 111. Situated near the centre of the state, and contains 1,400 sq. msj Watered by Kaskat^kia r. and the x. fork of Sangamon r., and by Salt cr. The surface is level, or slightly undulating; soil, generally fertile. Capital, De- catur. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,264, sheep 3,516, swine 13,285 ; wheat 21,344 bu.sh. produced, rye 1,741, Ind. corn 173,187, oats 44,366, potatoes 5,354 ; 5 stores, cap. §23,500 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 6 grist ni., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,000. 8 sch. 231 scholars. Pop. 3,03.'. M.ico.x, comity, Mo. Situated toward the n. part of the state, and contains 846 wq. nts. Drain- ed by Chariton and E.Chariton rivers, and the branchesof Salt r. Capital, Bloomington. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,539, sheep 7,050, swine 30,973; wheat 9,105 bush, produced, Ind. corn 552.99G, oats 15,517, potatoes 9,581, tobacco 57,871 pounds; 11 stores, cap. -969,300; 2 lum- ber yards, cap. §1,400 ; 3 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 6 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,300. 7 sch. 180 scholars. Pop. whites 5^3, slaves 225, free col'd 1 ; total, 6,034. M.\cox, p-o., Powhatan co., Va., 40 w. Rich- mond, 157 W. Macon, city, and capital of Bibb co., Ga., 33 s. w. Milledgeville, 6S6 W. It is situated chiefly on the w. bank of the Ocmulgee r., at the head of steamboat navigation. It has a court house, jail, an elegant market house, and 5 churches — 2 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, 1 Episco- pal, and 1 31ei' st. There is a bridge over the Ocmulgee J feet in length. A great amount of cotton is shipped from' this place. 8 or 10 steamboats are employed on the Ocmivl- gee, besides towboats, and pole-boats. In 1822, a single cabin occupied the site of the city. There were in 1840, 9 foreign com. houses, cap. $75,000; 82 retail stores, cap. §385,000; 9 lum- ber yards, cap. s7,500 ; 1 gri.st m., 3 printing ofii- ces, 3 weekly newspapers, 1 periodical. Cap. in manufac. §67,750. 1 college, 15t) students, 3 acad. 200 students, 2 sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 3,927. M.\coi\, p-v., Marengo co., Ala., 56 s. Tusca- loosa, 868 W. M.vcoN, p-v., and capital of Noxubee co.. Miss., 125 N. E. .Tackson, 885 W. Situated on the n. e. side of Noxubee r. It contains a com't house and several dwellings. Macon, p-t., Lenawee ce., Mich., 66 s. w. Detroit, 52U W. Watered by the s. branch of Kaibin r. It has a ligrtile soil, well adapted lo grain. It contains 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. iJUV'OO. 7 sch. 311 scholars. Pop. 1,146. Macon, p-v., I'ayeiie co., Tenn., 196 w. s. w. Nashville, H81 W. It contains 3 stores, a female academy, and about 75 inhabitants. Macon Depot, p-o., Warren co., N. C, 67 n. N. E. Raleigh, 221 W. Macksville, p-v., Vigo co., la., 74 w. Indian- apolis, 615 W. Situated on the national road, li ms. w. of the Wabash r. Macungy, p-t., Lehigh co., Pa., 83 e. n. e. Ilarrisburg, 176 W. Watered by Jordan and 47 Little! Lehigh creeks. The surface is level ; soi}, calcareous loam, productive and well cultivated It contains 2 churches. JIadawaska, t., Aroostook co.. Me. Situated on the 9. side of St. Johns r. It contains 5 stores,- 4 grist ra.. 1 saw m., 3 sch. 56 scliolars. Pop. 1,5 <4. The settlement is along the road follow- ing the cour.-e of the river. The part on the n. side of the river, and which, according to the late' treaty, is now in Canada, contains a population of 1,876. Madison, county, N. Y. Situated a little Ev of the centre of the state, and contains 582 sq. ms. The middle and southern parts are uneven and hilly ; in the n. part it is more level. Draiiv ed by the head branches of Chenango, Unadilla, Ostelic, and Toughnioga rivers. Water lime' and gypsum are abundant, and marl and bog iron ore are found. Two sulphur springs e.xist, near the village of Chiitenango. The Erie canal, and Utica and Syracuse rarlroatJ, pass through the co. Capital, 3Iorri.^ville. There were in 1S40, neat cattle 42,191, sheep 2J4,6I6, swine 30,757 ; wheat 200,142 bu.sh. proiluced, rye 3,255, Indian corn 171,204, buckwheat 5.996, barley 135.635, oats' 343,207, potatoes 676.649, hops 107,280 pounds, sugar 215,619; 109 stores, cap. $391,715; 3 fur- naces, 26 fulling m., 10 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 7-44 sp., 1 rope fac, '40 tanneries, 7 distille- ries, 1 brewery, 4 flouring m., 39 grist m., 167 saw m., 3 oil m., 1 paper fac, 9 printing offices, 3 binderies, 2 T^eriodicals, 2 weekly newspapers.- Cap. in mair §719,280. 8 acad. 968 students, 253 sch. r2,-.. . .scholars. Pop. 40,008. Madbury, t., Strafford co., N. li. The soil is generally productive. Drained by Bellamy r. Bog iron ore is found. Incorporated in 1755. It has 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §1,900. 5 sch. 215 scholars. Pop. 489. Madison, county, Va. Situated a little n. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 330 sq. ms. The surface is moderately uneven, and the soil tolerably fertile. Drained by Robertson's r. and other branches of Rapid Ann r. Capital, Madi- son. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,006, sheep 8,964, swine 12,851; wheat 100,680 bush, produced, rye 23,627, Ind. corn 271,880, oats :i3fi05, potatoes 12,796, tobacco 148,700 pounds ; 12 stores, cap. $4-i,000 ; 7 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 10 flouring m., 23 grist m., 17 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §133,300. 2 acad. 41 students, 17 sch^ 356 scholars. Pop. whites 3,729, slaves 4,308, free col'd 70 ; total 8,107. Madison, county, Ga. Situated in the n. e part of the state, and contains 250 sq. ms. Drain- ed by branches of Broad r. It has some mineral springs. Capital, Danielsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,956, sheep 1,571, swine 3,927; wheat 8,239 bush, produced, Ind. corn 53,130, oats 6,657, potatoes 3,350, cotton 727,118 pounds ; 9 stores, cap. §15,700; 3 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 acad. 20 students, 3 sch. 79 scholars. Pop. whites' 3,125, slaves ],3_-!2, free col'd 3; total, 4,510. Madison, county, Flor. Situated in the cen- tral part of the ler., extending from Ga. on the N., to the Gulf of Mexico on the s. The surface is rolling, and the water is excellent. The soil in the n. and w. parts i.= fertile ; in the middle it IS poor ; and in the s. e. there is considerable su- perior sugar land. Suwanee r. runs on its e. border, and O.icilla r. on its w. border. A great number of small lakes are scattered over it.. Capital, Madison. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 5,690, sheep 223, swine 3,969; Indian corn 37,985 bush, produced, oats 2,305, potatoes 13,213, rice 1,150 pounds, cotton 702,100, sugar 1,200; 3 stores, cap. §5,000 ; 2 grist m., 1 saw in., 2 oil la- MAD 370 MAD (^ap. in manufiic. $5,3)0. 4 sch. 74 scholars. Pop. whites 1,442, blaves 1,2M ; total, 2,614. Madiso.v, cou;ity, Ala. .Situated iu tlie n. part of the state, ami coiitains 7G0 sq. ins. The sur- i;ic« is mocleialely hilly, and the toil very fer- tile. Tennei-see r. runs on it*^ s. border. AN a- tered by briinelies of Flint r. and other branches of Tennessee r. C'apiial, linnlsviile. Tiiere •were in 1810, neat calile 23,071, sheep 12,:308, swine 79,'J70 ; wheat 8J,()y'J bush, produced, Ind. com l,3j7,H0S, oats 152,.S1G, potatoes 40,371, to- bacco 15,05.) pounds, cotton 10,35^,81)7; 40 stores, cap. §182,15'.); J I tanneries, 11 distilleries, 22 gri.st m., 17 saw in., 2 printing ofliees, 2 weekly uewspai)ers. Cap. in manuiac. .$121,1)72. 2 aead. 125 students, 33 sch. 1,167 scholars. Fop. whites 12,2U7, slaves 13,265, free col'd 144 ; total, 25,700. JMadiso.v, county, iVliss. Situated a little s. w. of the centre of the state, and contains 54.S sq. nis. J5ig Jilack r. runs on its .\. w; border, and IVarl r. on its s. K. border. Capital, Canton. There were in 1810, neat calile 21,045, slieep 4,1)1)6, swine 10,028 ; wheat 1,11) j bush, prodneed, Ind. corn 877,H'.)3, oats 71),'-ll)5, potatoes ]52,1).'<1, cotton 14,812.153 pounds ; 19 stores, cap. $79,000 ; 1 printing oflice, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in nianuibc. $7,700. 1 college, 100 students, 2 acad. ]70 students, 2 sch. 125 scholars. Pop. whites 3,9-i6, slaves 11,53:), free col'd 11 ; total, 15,530. M.vDiso.v, parish. La. .Situated in the N. E. part of llie stale, and contains 800 sq. ms. Mis- ^ii-sippi r. runs on its e. border. Drained by lioundaway and Macon baj'ous, and Tensas r. Capital, llichmond. There were in 1810, neat cattle 6,239, sheep 707, swine 8,611 ; Ind. corn 190.745 bush, produced, potatoes 13,188, cotton 5,378,010 pounds; 8 stores, cap. S47,2'10 ; 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. 830,000. Pop. wliites 1,210, slaves 3,9-;3, free cold 9; total, 5,142. M.vuiso.N', county, Tenn. Situated in the av. part of the state, and contains 070 f-q. ms. Wa- Wred by the s. fork of Forked Deer r. and its branches. Cajjital, .lackson. There were in 1810, neat calile 12,717, sheep 17,563, swine 61,503; wheat 6.3,178 bush. procUKred, rye 8,530, Ind. corn 793,215, oats 220,001, potatoes 65,238, tobacco 130,(;32 pounds, cotton 2,233,039 ; 19 stores, cap. §353,200 ; 1 furnace, 3 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 1,200 sp., 7 tanneries, 10 distilleries, 15 (louring m., 21 gri^t ni., 13 saw m., 1 printing oflice, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in inanul'ae. $108,295. 4 acad. 103 students, 23 sch. 512 scholars. I'op. whites 10,420, slaves 6,073, free col'd 37 : total, 16,530. Madisox, county, Ky. Situated centrally, toward the e. pari of the state, and contains 5<;0 sq. ms. Kentucky r. runs on its n. border, by branches of which it is drained. Capital, liich- mond. There were in 1;<4'), neat cattle 8,3 ■il, sheep 10,206, swine 49,104; wheat 41,502 bush, produced, rye 90,902, liid. corn 561,884, barley 6, 130, outs 88,247, potatoes 16,952, tobacco 125,283 pounds, sugar 27,171 ; 10 stores, cap. §16,350; 2 woollen till-., 1 tannery, 12 distilleries, 23 grist ni., 3 saw. ill. Cap. in manufac. .:f!l9,275. 8 sch. 234 scholar^. Po|3. whites 10,86.), slaves 5,413, free cold 8.i; total, 10,355. 31ai)1so.n, county, O. Situated a little s. w. of the ceiiire ol' the state, and contains 400 s(j. ms. Watered by Darby and Ueer creeks. The soil is well adajiled to grazing, and much butler nnd cheese a;e produced, t'apital, London. There were in 1810, neat cattle 16,177, sheep 15,032, swine 19,135; wheat 17,616 bu.--li. pro- duced, rye 1,918, liul. corn 419,066, buckwheat 1,287, oats 71,173, potatoes 12,560, sugar 1,150 pouuds ; 22 sloret, cap. §90,250 ; 1 fulling m. 5 tanneries, 2 potteries, 9 grist m., 15 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $30,450. 94 sch. 2,917 scholars. Pop. 9,025. Mauiso.v, county, la. Situated a little n. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 390 sq. ms. Drained by White r. and its branches, w hich afford water power. The surface is level, and the soil fertile. It has some wet prairies. Capital, Andcrsontown. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,798, sheep 0,436, swine 21,579; wheat 46,991 bush, produced, rye 1,558, Indian corn 375,715, oats 60,867, potatoes 17,624, sugar 47,887 pounds ; 2 stores, cap. $00,350 ; 3 tanne- ries, 2 distilleries, 2 potteries, 1 flouring m., 7 grist m., 13 saw ni. Cap. in manufac. §28,405. 35 sch. 1,120 scholars. Pop. 8,874. Madison, county. 111. Situated toward the s. w. part of the state, and contains 760 sq. miles. The Mississippi r. runs on its w. border. Drain- ed by Cahoivia, Silver, and Wood creeks, and their branches. Capital, Edwardsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 22,039, sheep 13,876, swine 53,484; wheat 160,910 bushels produced, rye 18,73.5, Indian corn 1,370,735, buckwheat 12,355, barley 12,98 >, oats 209,800, potatoes 121,305, tobacco 11,280 pounds; 4 commission houses, cap. $22,000 ; 2 lumber yards, capital $8,500 ; 07 stores, cap. $3,S8,750 ; 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 brewery, 7 flouring m., 8 grist m., 10 saw m., 1 oil m., 4 printing offices, 3 weekly and 1 periodical newspapers. Cap. in manufac. .$210,410. 1 college, 101 students, 2 acad. 144 students, 52 sch. 1,445 scholars. Pop. 14,433. Madiso.x, county. Mo. Situated toward the s. E. part of the state, and contains 780 sq. ms. Dramcd by St. Francis and Whitewater rivers, and their branches. Capital, Fredericktown. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,453, sheep 2,295, swine 12,415; wheat 9,746 bushels pro- duced, Indian corn 158,510, oats 30,331, potatoes 3,031, tobacco 9,850 pounds ; 8 smelting houses produced 1,203,455 pounds of lead; 2 tanneries, 8 distilleries, 4 grist in., 4 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $12,300. 11 sch. 244 scholars. Pop. whites 2,702, slaves 61 1, free col'd 22 ; total, 3,395. 3Ia»iso\, county, Ark. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 1,050 scpiare miles. Drained by White r. and its branches. Capital, Sevierville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,341, sheep 2,675, swine 11,634; wheat 4,132 bushels produced, Ind. com 146,755, oats 4,518, potatoes 7,249, tobacco 14,280 pounds, cotton 2,690, sugar 1,027; 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 5 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,560. 2 sell. 53 scholars. Pop. whites 2,692, slaves 83 ; total, 2,775. Maijison, p-t., Somerset cc. Me., 40 n. Augus- ta, 635 W. Situated on the e. side of Ke.unebec r. The soil is fertile. Incorporated in 1804. It has 4 stores, cap. .$4,300 ; 2 tanneries, 2 grist ni., 3 saw m. Caj). in manufac. $2,250. 16 sch. 697 scholars. Pop. 1,701. 3I.VD1S0X, p-t.. New Haven co., Ct., 56 s. Hart- ford, 320 W. It is situated on Long Island sounil. Incorporated in 1826. The soil is stony and rough, but is made fertile by tlie use of wiiile fish, as a manure, which are taken off the coast in great numbers, for 3 or 4 months in the year. .Ship building is a considerable business here. The v. is situated on one street, running parallel to the coast, and at a short distance from it, and contains a Congregational church, and Lee's Academy, a flourishing institution, named in honor of a benefactor. There arc in the t. 1 1 stores, cap. $1 1,700 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist in. Cap. in manufac. $3,500. 1 acad. 60 studenUs. 13 sch 488 scholars. Fop. 1,788. MAD 371 MAD Madison', p-t., Madison co., N. Y., 95 w. by n. Albany, 365 W. The surface is elevated and rolling ; soil, clay and gravelly loam. Drained by tbe head waters of Chenango r. and Oriskany or. It occupies the summit level of the Chenan- go canal, which passes through the t. T!ie v. is on the Cherry Valley turnpike, and contains 1 Baptist and 1 'Univers alist church, 2 stores, 90 dwellings, and about 500 inhabitants. Incorpo- rated iu 1816. The t. has 4 stores, cap. §15,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 disiillery, 2 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $i2,9oO. 16 sch. 398 scholars. Pop. 2,344. M.\Diso.\', p-v., Morris CO., IN. J., 5S N.Trenton, 223 W. It contains about 40 dwellings, many of them neat, and is surrounded by a well cultiva- ted country. Madison, p-o., Westmoreland co.. Pa., 179 w. Harrisburg, 205 W. Madison, t., Columbia co.. Pa., 10 n. Danville. The surface is mostly uneven ; soil, loam and clay. Drained by Lit tie Fishing and Mahoning creeks. It has 1 store, cap. §2,000 ; 3 tanneries, 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,340. 6 sch. 212 scholars. Pop. 1,700. Madison, t., Armstrong co.. Pa. It has 3 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 1 tannery, 5 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,902. 3 sch. 61 schol- ars. Pop. 1,365. Madison, t.. Perry co., Pa. It has 3 stores, cap. §9,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tan- nery, 2 distilleries, 6 flouring m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,188. 7 sch. 315 scholars. Pop. 1,299. Madison, p-t., Lake co., O., 190 n. e. by n. Columbus, 349 W. Situated on both sides of Grand river. It contains the v. of Unionville. Large quantities of iron are manufactured into lioUovv-Wcire, mill irons, &c., and exported. It has 9 stores, cap. $11,8)0; 3 tanneries, 1 distil- lery, 2 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,950. 20 sch. 1,250 scholars. Pop. 2,800. Madison, t., Clark co., O. It contains the v. of South Charleston. It has 11 sch. 309 scholars. Pop. 1,115. Madison, t., Columbiana co., O. It has 3 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. 1,474. 3Iai)ison, t., Culler co., O. It has 4 sch. Ill scholars. Pop. 1,935. Madison, t., Fayette co., O. It hi^s 3 stores, cap. $11,000; 4 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. 765. Madison, t., Franklin co., O. Watered by Alum, Big Walnut, and Black Lick creeks. The surface is rolling. Pop. 1,810. Madison, t., Fairfield co., O. It has 1 store, cap. $200 ; 6 grist m., 8 saw m. Pop. 1,102. Madison, t., Guernsey co., O. It contains Winchester and Antrim villages. It has 1 col- lege, 16 students, 4 sch. 171 scholars. Pop. 1,222. Madison, t., Jackson co., O. Watered by Symmes' cr. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,900; 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $800. 1 sch. 23 scholars. Pop. 7:;4. Madison, t., Licking co., O. Situated on both sides of Licking r., and of the Ohio canal. It has 3 schools, 74 scholars. Pop. 1,119. Madison, t.. Highland co., O. It has 9 sch. 707 scholars. Pop. 1,916. Madison, t., Pickaway co., O. It has 3 saw m., 5 sch. 140 scholars. Pop. 850. Madison, t.. Perry co., O. It has 1 store, cap. $800 ; 1 woollen fac, 2 dislilleries, 2 flour- ing m., 4 grist m., 5 saw m. ( 'ap. in manufac. $18,030. 6 sch. 140 scholars. Pop. 1,167. Madison, p-v., Rockingham co., N. C, 116 n. w. Raleigh, 296 W. Madison, p-v., capital of Morgan co., Ga., 41 N. N. vv. Milledgeville, 625 W. It contains a court house, jail, masonic hull, 2 academies, 1 male and 1 female, to which a library is attached, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, a num- ber of stores, and 60 or 70 dwellings. Madison, p-v., city, and capital of .TefTerson county, la., 83 s. .s. e. Indianapolis, 560 W. Situ- ated on the N. shore of the Ohio r., at an eleva- tion which secures it from the highest floods. It is regularly laid out with broad streets, paved or macadamized. The houses are mostly of brick, neat and elegant. It contains a court house, jail, market house, 6 churclies — 1 Baptist, 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist Episcopal, 1 Methodist Reformed, 2 Presbyterian — 1 branch of the state bank with a handsome edifice, 1 savings bank, 1 insurance office, 50 stores, 2 iron foundries, a steam engine fac, 1 cotton fac, 1 steam flouring m., 1 oil m., 1 grist m., and 1 saw m., 1 boat yard, and 3,798 inhabitants.' 15,000 hogs have been slaughtered here in a year. In the rear of the v. are hills, 250 feet high, which afford a beautiful prospect. Madison, t., Montgomery co., la. It has 2 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 463. Madison, t., Putnam co., la. It has 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,300. Pop. 1,071. Madison, t., Sevier co.. Ark. It has 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,200. 1 ^ch. 26 scholars. Pop. 266. JMadison, p-v., Madison co.. El. Madison, p-v., and capital of Dane co., and of Ihe ter. of Wisconsin, 90 n. e. Galena, 90 w. Milwaukie, 847 W. It is beautifully situated on a peninsula, between the 3d and 4th lake of the chain called the Four Lakes, on agenile swell of ground, from which there is a regular descent each way to the water. It is regularly laid out, with a central square of 914 feet on a side, in the centre of which is the state house, erected by the general government. It is a spacious stone edi- fice, 2 stories high above the basement, with a handsome dome ; and can be seen from the dis- tance of 10 miles in every direction. The square is surrounded by a fence, with 16 gates, for which congress has appropriated $1,0)0. It con- tains a jail, several places of worship, 2 printing offices, each of which issues a weekly newspa- per, 10 or 12 stores, 60 dwellings, and, in 1840, 376 inhabitants. In June, 1837, the contractor with 40 men and 5 females arrived here, having, in 11 days, cut their way through the wilderness, from Milwaukie, and commenced the building of the capital. This distance is now travelled in 2 days. The growth of the place has been rapid, having chiefly been since the spring of 1811, and its prosperity is substantial. Madison, t., Clarke co., Mo. It has 1 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 528. Madison, t., Polk co.. Mo. It has 1 sch. 13 scholars. Pop. l,00i). BIadiso.n, t., Livingston co.. Mo. Pop. 350. Madison, t., Johnson co.. Mo. It has 1 sch. 28 scholars. Pop. 453. Madison, p-v., Monroe co.. Mo., 83 n. Jeffer- son City, 943 W. Madison, C. H., p-v., and capital of Madison CO., Va., 97 N. w. Richmond, 9i W. It contains a court house, jail, 2 churches — 1 Episcopal. 1 free to all denominations — 6 siores, 5 flouring m., 2 tanneries, 40 dwellings, ami 300 inhabitants. 3Iadison, C. H., p-v., capital of Madison co., Flor. It contains a court house and a few dwell- ings. Madison Centre, p-o., Madison t., Somerset CO., Me., 43 N. Augusta, 638 W. Madison Cross Roads, p o., Madison co., Ala., 172 N. N. E. Tuscaloosa, 723 W. MAI 373 MAT 3Iai>i.son Springs, p-v., 3I;idison co., Ga., 99 n. 3IillodL'ovillp, 5'J7 W. Here is a spring, strongly imprcgnateii with iron, and efncat'ious in many complaints. It has a spacious hotel, capable of accommodating 150 or 200 persons. Mauiso.wi LLE, pv., Columbia t., Hamilton co., O., 8 N. E. Cincinnati, 120 s. \v. by w. Colimibus, 492 W. It is .situated 6 ms. \. of Ohio river, and contains 1 church and 1 academy, both of brick, 5 stores, 100 dwellings, and about 600 inhab- itants. 3Iadisoxville, p-v., capital of Hopkins co., Ky., 1'27 w. s. w. Frankfort, 729 W . Situated on elevated land, between Green and Tradewaler rivers. It contains a court house, and 51 inhab- itants. jAIadisoxville, p-v., capital of Monroe co., Tenn., 172 e. s. e. Nashville, 540 VV. It contains a court house and several dwellings. Madisonville, p-v., i"\Iadison co., 3Iiss., 20 n. N. E. Jackson, 990 W. Situated 2 ms. n. \v. of Pearl r. Madisonville, p-v,, Ralls co , Mo., 96 x. n. e. JefTerson City, 900 VV. Madlsonville, p-v., and seaport, St. Tatninany parish, La., 35 n. New Orleans, 1,137 W. Situa- ted on Chefonte river, a little n. of the n. side of Lake Pontchartrain. Madrid, t., Franklin co., Me., 105 n. w. Au- gusta. Incorporated in 1836. Watered by head branches of Sandy r. The soil is fertile, adapted to wheat. It has 4 tanneries, 4 grist m., 3 saw- m. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 7 sch. 151 scholars. Pop. 368. Madrid, p-t., St. Lawrence co., N. V., 235 n. N. w. Albany, 505 W. The surface is gently undulating; soil, a rich loam. Drained by Grass r., and several small streams, flowing into the St. Lawrence r., w'hich bounds it on the n. w. Sev- eral islands in the St. Lawrence r. belong to it. It has 17 stores, cap. $71,200; 4 fulling ra., 2 tan- neries, 1 paper fac, S grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $84,0S6. 27 sch. 1,195 scholars. Pop. 4,511. Mad, r., O., a large eastern branch of the Great JMiami r., rises in Logan co., and after a course of 50 miles falls into the .Aliiuni at Dayton. It has a rapid and broken current, and afiijrds extensive water jjovvcr. Mad liivKR, t.. Champaign co., O. Situated on the head waters of .Mad r. It has 2 stores, cap. §2,250; 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 (louring m., 4 grist ra., 7 saw m., 1 oil ra. Cap. in manufactures §3,000. Pop. 1,894. Mad ]{iver, t., Clarke co., O. Situated on the proposed route of 3Iad river and Lake Erie rail- road. Pop. 1,340. Magazine, i.. Pope co., Ark. It has 1 store, cap. $550. Pop. 211. Magnolia, p-c, Chautauquc t., Chautauqua CO., N. v., 346 w. by s. Albany, 333 W. Magnolia, p-o., Harford co., Md. 3Iagnolia, p-o., Stark co., O., 128 n. e, Colum- bus, 311 VV. .Magnolia, p-o., Putnam co., 111., 103 .\. Spring- field, 796 W, Maiio.met. p-o., Champaign co., 111., 87 e. by N. Springfield, 704 W. JIaiianov, r., Pa., rises in Schuylkill co., and, after a course of 50 ms., falls into the Susquelian- na, 1 1 ms. below Sunbury. 3I.uiA\ov, p-o., I'pper IMahanoy t., Northum- berland CO., Pa., 4S N. llarrisburg, 155 W. It con tains a store, and 8 or 10 dwellings. Maiiantang-o, r., rises in Schuylkill co., and falls into the e. side of the Susquehanna r., 1-S ms below Sunbury. Mahoning, t., Mercer co.. Pa., 16 s. w. 3Ier cerb. The surface is level ; soil, clay and loain Drained by 3Iahoning r. It has 19 stores, cap S35,O0O; 3 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 furnaces, 5 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 potteries, 11 grist in., 11 saw m. Cajjital in manufac. §8,009. 'ZO sch. 663 scholars. Pop. 3,099. 3Iaiioxing, t., Columbia co.. Pa. Bounded s. by Susquehanna r. The surface is diversified ; soil, clay and gravel. Drained by iMahoniiig cr., which flows into Su.-iincliauna r. It has 10 stores, cap. $103,800; 1 fulling m., 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 3 distilleries, 1 brewery, 1 printing oilice. Cap. in manufac. $51,370. 2 acad. 41 students, 6 sen. 314 scholars. Pop. 1,927. Mahoning, r., O. and Pa., rises in Portage co., passes Warren in Trumbulf co., O., and joins Beaver r. in Pa., through which it enters the Ohio river at Beaver. The Pennsylvania and Ohio canal is constructed along this r. in its lower part. Mahoning, p-t., Indiana co., Pa., 173 «•. by n. llarrisburg, 226 \V. The surface is hilly; soil, clay. Drained by Great and Little Mahoning crs., on the latter of which iron ore is found. It has 7 stores, cap. $16,100; 2 tanneries, 3 distil- leries, 7 grist m., 8 saw m. Capital in manufac. $11,810. 1 sch. 41 scholars. Pop. 2,S90. Mahoning, p-o.. Stark co., O., 142 n. e. Co- lumbus, 3i)5 W. Maiden Creek, p-t., Berks co.. Pa., 60 e. Har- risburg, 153 W. The surface is level ; soil, cal- careous loam. Drained by the Schuylkill river, and 3Iaiden creek, its tributary. It contains 1 church, common to Lutherans and Presbyterians, and 1 Friends church. It has 2 stores, cap' .$3,1)00 ; 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,640. Pon. 1,749. Maiden Spring, po., Tazewell co., Va., 295 w. Richmond, 350 W. .Maidstone, t., Es.sex co., Vt., 8 n. Guildhall, 51 N. e. Monipelier. It lies on the w. side of Con- necticut r. There is some good land along the r. Watered by Paul's strram, wiiich flows into Con- necticut r. 3Iaidstone lake, 3 ms. long and half a mile wide, has its outlets into Paul's stream. It has 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $200. 3 sch. 90 scholars. Pop. 271. MAINE. Maine, the northeastern of the United States, is bounded n. by Lower Canada ; e. by New Brunswick, from whit h it is separated by the St. Croi.x river, and a line due n. from the menu ment, at the source of the St. { 'roi.v river, as designated ajid agreed to by the commissioners, under the 5th article in the treaty of 1791, between the goveriiiuents of the United Slates and Great Britain; thence n., following the exploring line run and marked by the siu-veyors of the two gov- erniuents in the years of 1S17 and 1818, under the 5ih article of the treaty of Ghent, to its intersec- tion with the St. John's river, and to the middle of the channel thereof; thence up the middle of the main channel of said river St. John, to the mouth of I he river St. Francis ; thence up the mid- dle of the channel of the said river St. Francis, and through the lakes through which it flows to the MAI 373 MAI outlet of the lake Pohenagamook ; thence southwesterly, in a straight line to a point in the n. W. branch of ihe river St. John, which point shall be 10 miles distant from the main branch of the St. John, in a straight line, and in the nearest direction ; but if the said point shall be found to be less than 7 miles from the nearest point or crest of the highlands, that divide the rivers which empty themselves into the river St. Lawrence from those which fall into the river St. John, to a point 7 miles in a straight line from the said summit or crest ; thence in a straight line in a course about s. 8° w. to the point where the parallel of lat. 46° 25' n. intersects the s. w. branch of the St. John ; thence southerly by the said branch to the source thereof in the highlands at the Metjarmette por- tage ; thence down along the said highlands which divide the waters which empty themselves into the St. Lawrence from those wliich fall into the Atlantic ocean, to the head of Hall's stream; thence down the middle of said stream till the line thus run intersects the old line of boundary surveyed and marked by Valentine and Collins previously to the year 1774, as the 45° of N. lat., and which has been known and understood to be the line of actual division between the states of New York and Vermont on the one side, and the Brhish province of Lower Canada on the other ; and from the said point of intersection w. along said dividing line, as heretofore known and luiderstood, to the Iroquois, or St. Lawrence river. Such are the terms of the late treaty, now rati- fied by both governments, and wliich has happily settled a controversy of a quarter of a century The line designated as the old line, run as the 45° of n. lat., is found to be about 1 mile N. of the true line of 45° n. lat. Maine is bounded s. by the Atlantic ocean. This state lies between 43° 5' and 47° 20' n. lat., and between 66° 50' and 70° 55' w. Ion. It is computed to contain 30,000 sq. miles, or 19,200,000 acres. It was under the jurisdiction of Massachusetts until 1820, when it was made an independent state. The population in 1790, was 96,540 ; in 1800, 151,719 ; in 1810, 228,705 ; in 1820, 298,335 ; in 1830, 399,955 : in 1840, 501,793. Of these 252,989 are free while males ; 217,449 do. females ; free colored males, 720 ; do. females, 635. Employed in agriculture, 101,630 ; in commerce, 2,921 ; manufactures, 21,879 ; navigating the ocean, 10,091 ; learned professions, 1,889. Augusta, at the head of sloop navigation on the Kennebec river, 50 miles i'rom its mouth, is the seat of government. This state is divided into 13 counties, which, with their population and capitals, are as follows : York, 51,034, Alfred; Cumberland, 68,658, Portland; Lincoln, 63,517, Wiscasset ; Hancock, 28,605, Ellsworth ; Washington, 2-i,327, Machias ; Kennebec, 55,823, Augusta ; Oxford, 3:^,351, Paris; Somerset, 33,912, Norridgewock ; Penobscot, 45,705, Bangor; Waldo, 41,509, Belfast; Piscataquis, 13,133, Dover ; Franklin, 20,801, Farmington ; Aroostook, 9,413, Houlton. These counties contain about 498 townships, or settlements, some of which have but few inhabitants. Maine is an elevated country, but generally uneven and hilly rather than mountainous. On the western side of the state, east of the White mountains in New Hampshire, an irregular chain of highlands extends eastwardly to the north of the sources of the Kennebec and Penobscot rivers, and passing south of the sources of the Aroostook river terminates on the eastern boundary of the ITnited States, at an elevated peak, denominated Mars Hill. This chain of highlands the British claimed as the most northern boundary of the United States. Katadin mountain is the most ele- vated summit of the chain. This peak is about 70 miles n. of Bangor, between the e. and w. branches of the Penobscot river. It is 5,335 feet high. Another chahi of highlands extends in a N. w. direction from near the n. w. source of Connecticut river, dividing the waters which flow northwardly into the St. Lawrence, from those which flow southwardly into the Atlantic ocean and the bay of Fundy, which is a branch of it. This is a continuous, though somewhat irregular chain, probably nowhere less than 1,400 feet high, and is clearly the nortliern boundary of the United States, as settled by the treaty of 1783. Where the new road from Hallowell to Quebec crosses this chain, it is 2,000 feet high. Though not very elevated, the interior of Maine rises so rapidly from the seacoast as to preclude the flow of the tide far inland, though few other states of .the Union are more completely traversed by navigable rivers. The rest of Maine is hilly, though the hills are not generally very elevated. The tract of coun- try along the seacoast, to the extent of from 10 to 20 miles from it, and to a greater width in the s. w. part, is very various, and generally rather a poor soil, though in some places it is tolerably fertile. The best land in the state is between the Penobscot and Kennebec rivers, where it is excellent. The mountainous region in the n. w. has a poor soil. East of the Penobscot river, the soil is not of a superior quality, excepting about the sources of the St. John's river and its tributary streams. The principal productions are grass, Indian corn, wheat, barley, rye, and flax. The uncleared lands are of great extent, and furnish an immense amount of pine and other lumber, which, in the form of masts, plank, boards, and timber, is exported to a great extent, particularly from the terri- tory bordering on and e. of the Penobscot river. From other parts of tlie state near the navigable rivers, a great amount of wood for fuel is sent to Boston and the other principal towns on the shore of Massachusetts. Fisli, potashes, beef, and pork, are also e.Ktensive articles of export. According to the statistics of the census of 1840, there were in Maine 59,208 horses and mules. MAT 374 MAT 327,255 neat cattle, 649,261 sliecp, 117,386 swine. There were produced, 818,166 bush, of wheat, :Vjb,\6\ ol barley, 1,076,409 of oats, 137,'J41 of r>-e, 950,.528 of Indian corn, 10,392,3!!0 of potatoes, 601,3.')8 tons of luiy, 1,465,551 pounds of wool, 257,464 of sugar. The value of the products of the dairy was $l,4'J6,yu2, and of lumber $1,808,683. The amount of wheat and Indian com had been greater in some previous years. Previously to the year 1807, when the wars in Europe gave to the United States a great share of the carrying trade of the world, commerce was so profitable, and the facilities for carrying it oq in Maine were so great, that agriculture was greatly neglected for this superior source of wealth ; but afterward, wlien an embargo, and non-intercourse, and war, crippled the resources of commerce, tlie inhabilants of Maine were driven from the seaboard on to the lands in the interior; and from that time the agricultural resources of the state have been more extensively developed. Much of the land is well adapted to grazing, and cattle and sheep are raised in great perfection. Sometimes the crop of Indian com sufTers from the shortness of the season. Among the fruits, apples, pears, plums, and melons, succeed well. The facilities which 3Iaine enjoys for commerce are very great. The rivers are extensively navigable, and numerous bays and inlets on the coast, protected as they often are by islands, furnish more good harbors than are found in any other state in the Union. Ships are extensively built, not only ior their own use, but for a foreign market. The fisheries furnish employment to many of the inhabitants, and are not only a source of wealth, but a nursery of seamen. Lime is exported, chiefly from Thomaston, to the amount of about $1,000,000 annually. A fine building granite, chielly from Ilallowell, which is of a light color, is also extensively exported. Maine, in point of shipping, is the third state in the Union. Tlie climate of Maine, though subject to great extremes of heat and cold, is generally favorable to health. The cold of winter, though severe, is steady, and is less injurious to the constitution than the sudden clianges so frequent in many parts of the country. IS'ear the ocean the heat of summer is greatly tempered by the sea breezes. The season of vegetation, at its greatest length, extends from April 2I.'^t to October 16th, though the vigor of vegetation does not continue moro tlian three months and a half. In July 9th, 1838, the thermometer rose lo 100° above zero, and on .lanuary 26th, 1837, it sunk to 27° below zero, which may be regarded as the extremes of temper- ature. Such extremes are of short continuance. 3Iainc has a number of fine rivers. Among these is the Penobscot, 250 miles long, and naviga- ble for large ships to Bangor, 52 miles from the ocean. The tide here rises from 20 to 25 feet, and is of itself sufficient to float large ships, and greatly facilitates the entrance and departure of ves- sels. The Kennebec has a course of about 250 miles, and is navigable for large ships to Bath, 12 miles from the ocean ; and for vessels of 150 tons to Hallowell, 40 miles from the sea ; and for sloops of 100 tons 2 miles further, to Augusta ; and for boats to Waterville, 18 miles above Augusta. The Androscoggin rises in New Hampshire, but runs chiefly in Maine, and unites with the Ken- nebec, 20 miles from the ocean. The Saco rises in the White mountains in ]\ew Hampshire, but soon enters Maine, and, pursuing a southeastwardly direction, discharges itself into Saco bay. It is navigable lor ships 6 miles to Saco falls. The Uamariscolla is chiefly an arm of the sea, has a tide of 10 foct, and is navig;d)ie for large vessels 18 miles to Nobleboro. The Shcepscot is a small river, vviih a large bay at its mouth, which forms the harl)or of Wiscasset, one of the finest in the state. All these, above the navigation for vessels, as well as many others, have numerous falls, and furnish many excellent mill seats. The Piscataqua river forms the boundary of 3I;ane on the west, but runs chiefly in New Hampshire. 3Iaine has nmnerous lakes and ponds in the interior. The larg(>st lakes are Moosehead, which is 50 miles long, and from 10 to 15 broad ; and Umbagog, which lies partly in New Hampshire, and is 18 miles long and 10 broad. But so numerous are the smaller lakes and ponds, that it is compu- ted that one tenth of the surface of the state is covered with water. The coast of 3Iaine abounds with islands, the largest of which is ."Mount Desert, in Frenchman's bay, and is 15 miles long and 12 broad. Long island. Deer i,-land, and Fox islands, are on the w. side of Penobscot bay. 1 he principal bays are Penobscot, 30 miles long and IS wide ; Casco bay, extending 20 miles between (ajie Elizabeth and Cn\)e Small I'oini, containing many islands; and Passamaiinoddy bay, lying between Maine and New Brunswick, 6 miles deep and 12 wide. The shores of iMaine are bold and rocky, and have many inlets. . The most commercial cities and towns are Portland, (city,) on Casco Bay, the thinl in commer- cial importance in New England ; Bangor, (city,) on the Penobscot ; Hallowell, on the KeniK-bec: Thomaston, on the St. George river ; Baih, on the Kennebec ; Belfast, on a branch of Penobscot bay ; and Wiscasset, on a bay at the month of the Sheepscot. Besides these, ilie other large towns are Augusta, Gardiner, Brunswick, Waldoboroiigh, Frankfort, Prospect, Bucksport, Camd'en, t;or- ham, AVolls, and Eastport. The exports of Mabe for the year ending September, 1840, were $1,018,269, and the imports were $628,762. There were in Maine, in 1840, 70 commercial and 14 counnission houses engaired MAI 375 MAI in foreign trade, employing a capital of $1,646,926 ; and 2,220 retail drygoods and other stores, with a capital of $3,973,593 ; 2,06S persons were employed in the lumber trade, with a capital of $305,850 ; 123 persons were employed in internal transportation, who, with 56 butchers, packers, bush, pro- duced, rye 18,476, Ind. corn 325,410, buckwlieat 9,48:*, oats 158,160, potatoes 77,912, sugar 30,050 pounds; 28 stores, cap. $62,150; 10 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 1 pottery, 2 flouring m., 15 grist m., 23 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 printing oflice, 1 weekly and 1 semi-weekly newspapers. Cap. in manu- fac. $26,955. 78 schools, 3,155 scholars. Pop. 14,765. Marion, county, la. Situated in the centre of the state, and contains 400 sq. ms. Drained by the vv. fork of White r.. Fall cr. and Eagle cr. The surface is level ; soil, very fertile. Capital, Indianapolis. There were in 1840, neat cattle 15,466, sheep 15,293. swine 38,463; wheat 78,649 bush, produced, rye 2,269, Ind. corn 601,966, buckwheat 1,063, barley 1,190, oats 143,790, po- tatoes 32,432, tobacco 15,905 pounds, sugar 97,064 ; 94 stores, cap. $202,630 ; 1 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 3 cotton fac. 1,500 sp., 13 tanneries, 11 distilleries, 3 breweries, 4 potteries, 2 flouring m., 26 grist m., 57 saw m., 4 oil m., 6 printing offices, 4 weekly and 2 semi-weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $141,874. 1 acad. 75 students, 56 sch. 1,595 scholars. Pop. 16,080. MAR 382 MAR Marion, county, 111. Situated s. of the centre of the state, and contains 576 sq. ms. Organ- ized in 1823. Drained by Kaskaskia r. and its branches, and by Skillet fork of Little Wabash r. About one third of it is timber, and the rest prai- rie. Capital, Salem. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,589, sheep 4,785, swine 17,846; wheat 10,61)7 bush, produced, Ind. corn 293,321, oats 42,115, potatoes 5,795, tobacco 6,600 pounds; 5 stores, cap. $6,300 ; 2 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 16 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $8,150. 17 sch. 417 scholars. Pop. 4,742. Marion, county. Mo. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 425 sq. ms. Drain- ed by South Fabius and North rivers, which flow into the Mississippi r., that runs on its e. border. The surface undulating ; soil, very fer- tile. Capital, Palmyra. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,272, sheep 10,104, swine 32,857; wheat 3B,678 bush, produced, Ind. corn 533,785, buckwheat 2,447, o.its 84,535, potatoes 29,654, tobacco 33,938 pounds, sugar 10,872 ; 38 stores, cap. $214,760 ; 7 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 4 flour- ing m., 11 grist m., 19 saw m., 3 printing offices, 3 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $139,460. 1 college 49 students, 24 sch. 648 scholars. Pop. whites 7,239, slaves 2,342, free col'd 42 ; total, 9,623. Marion, county, Ark. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 800 sq. ms. Drained by White r., which is navigable to the n. part of the CO. for steamboats, and by its branches. Capital, Yellville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,217, sheep 760, swine 5,430; wheat 3,097 bush, produced, Ind. corn 79,013, oats 1,951, po- tatoes 1,601, tobacco 6,127 pounds, cotton 3,253 ; 2 stores, cap. $1,600; 1 tannery, 3 distilleries, 4 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,505. Pop. whites 1,221, slaves 39, free col'd 65 : total, 1,3^5. Marion, t., Greene co., Pa. It has 12 stores, cap. $37,710; 2 tanneries, 2 printing offices, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $8,250. 2 sch. 61 scholars. Pop. 597. Marion, pt., Washington co., Me., 170 e. n. E. Augusta, 756 W. Incorporated in 1834. It has on its w. border a large pond, which has it.s outlet into East iMacliias r. iL has 2 ^avv m., 2 sch. 110 scholars. Pop. 231. Marion, p t., Wayne co., N. Y., 201 w. by n. Albany, 358 W. The surface is hilly and broken ; soil, adapted to grain. Drained by a branch of Mud cr. The v. contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Baptist church, 3 stores, 1 sicam furnace and "machine shop, 1 grist m., 1 tannery, 40 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $9,500; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufiic. $20,245. 1 acad. 32 students, 12 sch. 352 scholars. Pop. 1,903. 3Iar[on, po., Franklin co., Pa., 51 w. s. w. Ilarrisburg, 84 W. Marion, t.. Centre co.. Pa. It lias 2 stores, cap. $8,00.); 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 5 sch. 110 scholars. Pop. 559. Marion, p-t., capital of Marion co., O., 44 n. Columbus, 416 \V. The v. contains an elegant brick court house, a jail, 1 Presbyterian, and a Methodist church, 12 stores, a printing oflice, which issues a weekly newspaper, 125 dwell- ings, and about 700 inhabitants. There are in the t. 13 stores, cap. $35,000; 2 tanneries, 1 dis- tillery, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m , 5 saw ni. Cap. in manufac. $4,060. 8 sch. 320 scholars. Poo 1,639. Marion, t., Athens co.. O. Situated on the waters of Federal and Wolf creeks. It has 3 stores, cap. $1,500 ; 6 sch. 12S schol's. Pop. 1,079. IMarion, t., Allen co., O. Pop. 315. Marion, t., Clinton co., O. It has 3 stores, cap. $6,200 ; 1 tannery. Cap. in manufac. $243. 5 sch. 307 scholars. Pop. 643. MariOxN, t., Fayette co., O. It has 1 tannery. Cap. in manufac. $500. 4 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. 879. Marion, t., Hancock co., O. It has 1 store, cap. $900; ] grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $1,200. 5 sch. 1S4 scholars. Pop. 501. IMarion, t., Hardin co., O. It has 3 sch. 108 scholars. Pop. 177. 3IARION, t., Hocking co., O. Pop. 940. Marion, t., Putnam co., la. It has 2 stores, cap. .$1,600; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,253. 5 sch. 451 scholars. Pop. 1,030. BIarion, t., Shelby co., la. It has 4 stores, cap. $2,500 ; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,402. Pop. 964. Marion, p-t., Livingston co., 3Iich., 56 w. n. w. Detroit, 559 W. It has 4 sch. 84 scholars. Pop. 602. AIarion, p-v., Scott CO., Ky., 22 n. e. Frank- fort, 530 W. 3Iarion, p-v., capital of Smyth co., Va., 275 w. by s. Richmond, 343 W. Situated on the Middle fork of Holston r. It has a court house, jail, and several dwellings. Marion, p-v., Montgomery co., N. C, 112 w s. w. Kaleigh, 386 W. Marion, p-v., capital of Twiggs co., Ga., 41 s. s. w. Milledgeville, 689 W. It contains a court house, jail, and several dwellings. Marion, pv., capital of Grant co., la., 73 n. n. E. Indianapolis. Situated on Jlissisinewa r. about 25 ms. above its junction with Wabash r. It contains a court house, store, and several dwellings. IMarion, p-v., capital of Williamson co.. 111., 172 s. s. E. Springfield, 823 W. It contains a court house and several dwellings. Mario.m, p-v., capital of Perry co., Ala., 53 s. Tuscaloosa, 834 W. It contains 3 churches, 2 female academies, one male lyceum, with a pre- paratoiy school, 3 printing oflices, issuing news- papers, and about 1,0;)0 inhabitants. 3I\Rio\, p-v., capital of Lauderdale co.. Miss., 110 E. Jackson, Oil W. Situated on the head waters of Oktibbeha cr., and contains a court house and several dwellings. Mario.n", p-v.. Cole co.. Mo., 15 n. w. JefTer- son City, 951 W. Situated on the s. bank of the Missouri, 15 ms. above Jefferson City, on a bold rocky shore. It was formerly the capital of the CO., now removed to Jefferson City. It has con- siderable trade, and is increasing. It contains 1 sch. 15 scholars. Fop. 807. Marion, t., Buchanan co., Mo. It has 1 sch. 31 scholars. Pop. 737. JMarion, p-v., capital of Linn co., Iowa. Situ- ated 4 ms. E. of Cedar r. It contains 3 stores, a saw m., and several neat dwellings, and is im- proving. Mario.v, p-v., capital of Crittenden co.. Ark., 140 E. N. E. Little Rock, 925 W. Situated 6 ms. w. of the Mississippi r. Marion, t.. White co., Ark. It has 1 store, cap. $f),000 ; 1 grist m. Marion, t., Newton co., Mo. It has 1 sch. 14 scholars. Pop. 658. Marion, t., Livinsxston co.. Mo. It has 1 sch. 18 scholars. Pop. 240. Marion, p-v., Jefferson co., Flor. Marion, t., Polk co., Mo. Pop. 865. Marion, t., Monroe co., Mo. It has 1 sch. 24 scholars. Pop. 1,686. MAR 383 MAR Marion, t., Ray co., Mo. It has 2 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 902. Marion, t., St. Francis co., Mo. It has 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 582. Marion, t., Saline co., Mo. It has 1 sch. 10 scholars. Pop. 763. Mario.v, t., Taney co.. Mo. Pop. 335. Marion City, p-v., Marion co.. Mo. Situated on the w. bank of Mississippi r., and may be re- garded as the port of Palmyra, the capital of the CO. It has a good locaUon, and extends along the Mississippi for a mile and a half. It contains 2 large steam saw mills and 3 other steam mills, 60 or 70 dwellings, and from 3 to 400 inhabitants. Most of the merchandise of the co. is landed here. Marion College, p-v., Marion co., 3Io., 134 N. .\ w Jefferson City, 93^ W. Situated 12 ms. w. of Palmyra, the capital of the co. Marion College was founded in 1831, and is a manual labor institution, for which 5,000 acres of the best of land have been purchased. Improvements have been made on the land to the amount of S70,000. The president, professors, and stu- dents, are all supported by the products of the soil. Including a preparatory department, it has a president, 6 prolessors or other instructors, 116 students, 43 in the college proper, and 2,300 vols, in its libraries. The commencement is on the last Thursday in September. It has a theologi- cal department. Marion, C. H., p-v., capital of Marion dist., S. C, 146 E. Columbia, 423 VV. Situated on the E. side of Catfish cr., a branch of the Great Pe- dee r., and contains a court house, jail, several stores and dwellings. P-Iarits, p-o., Marion co., O., 47 n. Columbus, 406 W. MARKSnORODGH, p-v., SusSBX CO., N. J., 73 N. Trenton, 230 W. Marksville, p-v., Page co., Va., 120 n. w. Richmond, 106 W. Marksville, p-v., capital of Avoyelles parish, La., 255 N. w. by w. New Orleans, 1,218 W. It contains a court house and several dwellings. MARLiionouGH, dist., S. C. Situated in the n. E. part of the state, and contains 4S0 sq. miles. Yadkin r. runs on its w. border, by branches of which it is drained. Capital, Bennettsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,374, sheep 2,893, swine, 15,915 ; wheat 9,276 bushels produced, rye 1,417, Ind. corn 275,999, oats 22,161, potatoes 29,547, cotton 2,446,088 pounds ; 17 stores, cap. $99,600 ; 1 cotton fac.2,000 sp.,6 flouring m.,21 grist m., 20 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $135,350. 3 acad. 104 students, 12 sch. 229 scholars. Pop. whites 4,188, slaves 4,118, free col'd 102; total, 8,408. Marlboroitgh, p-t., Cheshire co., N. H., 53 s. w. Concord, 43 J W. The surface is rough ; soil, adapted to grazing. Drained by branches of Ashuelot river. Incorporated in 1776. It has 1 store, cap. $4,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,000. 6 sch. 301 schol- ars. Pop. 831. Marlborough, p-t., Windham co., Vt., 130 s. Montpelier, 431 VV. The surface is uneven, and the soil fertile. Drained by the w. branch of West r., by Green r., and Whetstone brook. The outlet of South pond forms the only permanent mill stream. Chartered in 1761. The t. has a Congregational and a Baptist church, some valu- able minerals and mineral springs. There are in the t. 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 paper fac, 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,900. 13 sch. 377 scholars. Pop. 1,027. Marlborough, p-t., Middlesex co., Mass., 27 w. Boston, 414 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, very fertile. Drained by a branch of Con- cord river, which affords water power. It con* tains 4 churches — 1 Congregationalist, 1 Metho- dist, 1 Universalist, 1 Restorationist ; 6 stores, cap. $15,9)0 ; 2 tanneries, 5 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,400. 1 acad. 75 students, 10 sch. 750 scholars. Pop, 2,101. Marlborough, pt., Hartford co., Ct., 16 s. E. Hartford, 310 W. The surface is uneven and rough; soil, adapted to grazing. Chartered in 1803. It contains a Congregational church. Black lead is found. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 1 cotton fac. 1,200 sp., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $48,400. 5 sch. 18^ scholars. Pop. 713. Marlborough, p-t., Ulster co., N. Y., 20 i. Kingston, 84 s. s. w. Albany, 294 W. The sur- face is hilly ; soil, clay loam. Bounded by Hud- son river on the e., into which flows Old Man's Kill. The v. is situated on the latter, half a mih' from the r. It contains 3 churches — 1 Presb^ terian, 1 Methodist, 1 Friends — 3 stores, 2 paj+J^ m., 2 woollen fac, 1 clothier's works, 2 grist ia, 1 saw m., 60 dwellings, and about 400 inhabrt- ants. There are in the t. 8 stores, cap. $42,000 ; 3 lumber yards, cap. $3,000 ; 2 woollen fac, 1 paper fac. Cap. in manufac. $32,150. 7 sch. 51 scholars. Pop. 2,523. Marlborough, p-o., Monmouth co., N. J., 40 E. Trenton, 206 W. Marlborough, t., Montgomery co.. Pa. The surface is rolling; soil, red shale. Drained by Perkiomen and Swamp creeks. Iron ore is foiind. It has 5 stores, cap. $10,600; 1 furnace, 1 forge, 1 woollen fac, 10 powder m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 4 grist m., 3 saw m., 8 oil m. Capital in manufac. $38,780. Pop 1,140. 3Iarlborough, p-t.. Stark co., 0., 135 n. e. Columbus, 312 W. The surface is rolling ; soil, fertile, with a natural growth of beech and sugar maple. The v. contains a church, 2 stores, various mechanics, about 25 dwelhngs, and 150 mhabitants. Pop. oft. 1,671. Marlborough, t., Delaware co., O. It con- tains the villages of Norton and Waldo. It has 5 sch. 150 scholars. Pop. 1,182. Marlborough, p-v., Morgan co.,Ga., 54 n. w. Milledgeville, 638 W. Marlow, t., Cheshire co., N. H. Drained by Ashuelot river and its branches. It has 4 stores, cap. $5,400 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,850. 1 acad. 12 students, 6 sch. 189 scholars. Pop. 626. Marley's Mills, p-o., Randolph co., N. C, 56 w. Raleigh, 344 W. Marmion, p-o., Lauderdale co., Ala., 138 n. Tuscaloosa, 763 W. Mariotsville, p-v., Anne Arundel co., Md., 53 N. w. Annapolis, 5i W. Marple, t., Delaware co., Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $8,500 ; 3 tanneries, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,200. Pop. 759. Marrowbone, p-o., Cumberland co., Ky., 133 s. by w. Frankfort, 646 W. MARauETTE, county. Wis. Situated in the M. part of the settled portion of the ter., and con- tains 370 sq. ms. Neenah or Fox r. bounds it on the .V. w. and w., by branches of which it is drained. Fox r. runs through Puckaway lake on its N. w. border. Capital, Marquette. There were in 1840, neat cattle 45, swine 20. Pop. 18. Marquette, v., capital of Marquette co.. Wis. Situated on the s. side of iNeenah r. Mars, p o., Bibb co., Ala., 24 s. e. Tuscaloosa, 820 W. Mars, t., Posey co., la. Pop. 734. MAR 384 MAR Mars' Bluff, p-o., Marion dist., S. C, 122 e. Columbia, 466 W. 3lARsE(r.LEs, pv., Noble co., la., 164 N. N. e. Indianapolis, 576 W. Marseilles, p-v., La Salle co., Dl., 141 N. n. K. Springfield, 776 W. Situated on the n. side of Illinois r., at the Grand Rapids, which afford an immense water power. It has several mills, and produces extensively lumber and flour. The Wabash and Erie canal passes through it. Marsh, p-o., Chester co., Pa., 61 e. by s. Har- risburg, 139 W. Marshall, county, Va. Situated in the n. P'lart of the state, and contains 350 sq. ms. The \ urface is hilly ; soil, fertile, adapted to grain and gi-azing. Drained by Grave cr. and other small streams that flow into the Ohio r., w hich runs on its w. border. It contains many remains of an- cient fortifications. Capital, Elizabethtown. •Phere were in 1840, neat cattle 4,640, sheep ^" 173, swine 9,091; wheat 82,8-29 bushels pro- tobi-ogj^ rye 2,0S6, Indian com 145,822, buckwheat o',! "0, oats 103,195, potatoes 29,672, sugar 3,820 pounds ; 6 stores, cap. $19,450 ; 2 tanneries, 16 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §12,635. 3 sch. 70 scholars. Pop. whites 6,854, slaves 46, free col'd 37 ; total, 6,937. Marshall, county, Tenn. Situated s. of the centre of the state, and contains 200 square miles. Drained by Duck r. and its branches. Surface, imdulating; soil, fertile. Capital, Lewisburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 14,263, sheep 16,604, swine 67,739 ; wheat 89,923 bush, prod., rye 3,405, Ind. com 1,019.863, oats 121,561, pota- toes 16,071, tobacco 119,165 lbs., cotton 489,831 ; 17 stores, cap. $61,487 ; 9 tanneries, 28 distille- ries. Cap. in manufac. $24,237. 21 sch. 743 scholars. Pop. whites 11,468, slaves 3,075, free col'd 12; total, 14,555. Marshall, county, Ala. Situated toward the N. e. part of the state, and contains 600 sq. miles. Tennessee r. passes through it on the n., by small branches of which it is drained. Capital, Warrenton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,417, sheep 2,40S, swine 26,329 ; wheat 8,996 bushels produced, Indian corn 382,680, oats 23,344, potatoes 16,058, tobacco 17,918 poimds, cotton 4,3S5,967 ; 13 stores, cap. .S66.6(X) ; 5 tan- neries, 15 distilleries, 13 grist m., 16 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,660. 16 sch. 436 scholars. Pop. whites 6,688, slaves 841, free col'd 24; total, 7,553. Marshall, county. Miss. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 8(X) square miles. Drained by head branches of Tallahatchee and Coldwater rivers. Surface, undulating ; soil, fertile. Capital, Holly Springs. There were in 1840, neat cattle I4,6'2l, .slieep 6,014, swine 51,276; wheat 19,113 bu.shels produced, Indian com 733,514, oats 32,540, potatoes 50,559, tobacco 9,336 pounds, cotton 1 ,064,425 ; 26 stores, cap. $161,000 ; 4 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 19 grist m., 18 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspa- pers. Cap. in manufac. $76,480. 9 acad. 292 students, 26 sch. 583 scholars. Pop. whites 9,25S, slaves 9,258, free cold 8; total, 17,5i6. 3Iarshai.l, county, la. Situated toward the N. part of the stale, and contains 440 sq. miles. Drained by Yellow and Tippecanoe rivers. Capital, Plymouth. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,137, sheep 822, swine 5,378 ; wheat 5,540 bushels produced, Ind. com 37,570, oats 16,198, potatoes 13,840, sugar 13,655 pounds ; 2 stores, cap. $1,900. 3 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 1,651. Marshall, county. III. Situated a little n. of the centre of the state, and contains 3i4 sq. m.-s. Watered by Illinois r. Capital, Lacon. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,422, sheep 1,&C5, swine 6,495 ; wheat 31,889 bushels produced, Indian com 90,620, oats 21,405, potatoes 11,990 ; 8 stores, cap. $25,000 ; 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,300. 1 acad. 50 students, 3 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. 1,849. Marshall, p-t., Oneida co., N. Y., 12 s. w. Utica, 93 w. n. w. Albany, 379 '^V. The surface is rolling ; soil, a fertile sandy loam, well culti- vated. Drained by Oriskany cr. The Chenan- go canal passes through it. It has 3 stores, cap. .$7,500 ; 3 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 1 forge, 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 5 grist m., 10 sav? m. Cap. in manufac. $86,250. 16 sch. 749 schol ars. Pop. 2,251. Marshall, p-t., capital of Calhoun co., Mich., 105 w. Detroit, 570 W. The soil is fertile, adapt- ed to grain. The v. is pleasantly situated, on Kalamazoo r., at the confluence of Rice cr. It contains a court house, jail, bank, 3 churches, 14 stores, 3 flouring m., and 1 furnace, and is one of the most flourishing villages in the state. It is the seat of Marshall College, recently founded, which has a president and 1 professor, 62 stu- dents, and 3,700 vols, in it libraries. First set- tled in 1831. There are in the t., 14 stores, cap. $83,900; 2 lumber yards, cap. $1,300; 1 furnace, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly and 1 periodical news- papers, 3 flouring m., 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $82,900. 1 acad. 68 students, 8 sch. 238 scholars. Pop. 1,763. Marshall, p-v., capital of Clark co., 111., 123 e. 8. e. Springfield, 661 W. It is pleasantly situ- ated on the national road, and contains a court house and several dwellings. Marshall, p-v., capital of Saline co., 3Io., 87 N. w. Jefferson City, 1,001 W. It contains a court house, 1 church, 4 stores, and 150 inhabitants. Marshall, p-v., 3Iarshall co., Ala., 131 n. e. Tuscaloosa, 703 W. Marshall's Ferry, p-o., Grancer co.. Term., 232 E. Nashville, 456 W. Marshallsville, p-v., Baughman t., Wayne CO., O., 107 N. E. Columbus, 342 W. Marshallsville, p-v., Macon co., Ga., 70 s. w. Milledgeville, 726 W. Marshallto.v, p-v., Chester co.. Pa., 73 e. s. E. Ilarrisburg, 122 W. Marshfield, p-t., Washington co., Vt., 15 n. e. Montpelier, 528 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, adapted to grazing. W'atered by Onion r. There are in the t. 1 store, cap. $2,700 ; 2 grist m., 1 saw m. ("ap. in manufac. $4,100. 12 sch. 324 scholars. Pop. 1,156. Marshfield, p-t., Plymouth co., Mass., 31 s. e. Boston, 453 W. It is pleasantly situated on Mas- sachusetts bay, with a tolerable harbor, and some navigation. Drained by North and South rivers. Incorporated in 1640. It contains 6 churches — 3 Congregational, 1 Baptist, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist. It has some manufactures and ship building. It contains 6 stores, capital $5,900 ; 1 furnace, 6 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $39,300. 8 sch. 450 scholars. Pop. 1,761. ^Iarshv Hope Bridge, p-o., Kent co., Del., 34 Dover, 121 W. Marshpee, t., Barnstable co., 3Iass., 12 s. E. Barnstable, 65 s. e. Boston. This is an ancient Indian settlement, which is still inhabited chiefly by their dpscendants, of a mixed blood. It con- tains 10,500 acres, or about 16 sq. ms. The land is secured to the Indians in perpetuity, and, ex- cepting to much as each can cultivate, is held by them in common. They have a churcii, in whicll has been a succes.sion of preachers, sometimea Indians, from the earliest times. It has the At- lantic on the s., from wluch several inlets set up MAR 385 MAR The inhabitants are agriculturists or fishermen, and are a quiet and orderly people. It has 2 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 309. M.\R.s Hill, Me., lying nearly on the e. boun- dary of the United States, is an isolated moun- tain with 2 peaks, one 1,506 feet, and the other 1,363 feet, above ilie waters of St. John's r. It has derived its importance from the fact that the British commissioners fixed on it as the com- mencement of the higlilands described in the treaty of 1783, though far s. of the true highlands, and much s. of the boundary as recently settled. 3I.\RST0N's Mills, p-o., liarnstable co., Mass., 70 s. E. Boston, 47 W. M.\RTH.\ FuRN.vcE, p-0., Centre co., Pa., 101 N. w. Harrisburg, 193 W. M.4rtha's 3Iills, p-o., Fleming co., Ky., 90 e. Frankfort, 493 W. Martiiasville, p-v., Warren co., Mo., 73 e. by N. Jefferson City, 873 W. Martha's Vinevard, island, Mass., lies off the s. shore of Mass., s. of Falmouth, and w. n. w. of Nantucket island. It is 21 ms. long, and from 2 to 5 ms. broad, and contains 3 towns, Ed- gartown, Tisbury, and Chilmark ; and with sev- eral small islands in the vicinity, constitutes Dukes CO., which contains 120 sq. miles. The capital is Edgartown. The soil is poor, and some cattle and sheep are raised ; but the inliabitants are chiefly employed in the fisheries. There is a light-house at Gay Head, in Chilmark. In the wars viith Great Britain the inhabitants have been chiefly without protection. An Indian church was Ibrmed here in 1666. Their govern- ment was at first independent of the other prov- inces, in 1664 it was united to New York, and in 1692 to Massachusetts. Martha's Vineyard, p-o., Chatham co., N. C, 33 w. Nashville, 326 W. Marticville, p-v., Martic t., Lancaster co.. Pa., 48 E. s. e. Harrisburg, 122 W. It contains 10 or 12 dwellings. Martic, t., Lancaster co., Pa., 10 s. Lancaster. The surface is hilly ; soil, carcareous loam. Drained by Beaver, Muddy, and Pecquea crs., which afford water power. 31cCreary's ferry, below the mouth of Pecquea cr., crosses the Sus- quehanna r., which bounds it on the s. w. It has 5 stores, cap. $11,600 ; 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 6 flouring m., 6 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $16,500. y sch. 320 scholars. Pop. 2,453. Martin, county, N. C. Situated toward tlie E. part of the state, and contains 481 sq. miles. The surface is level, and in part mar.shy. Roan- oke r. rims on its n. e. boundary. Capital, Wil- liamston. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,333, sheep 4,262, swine 17,704 ; wheat 5,15S bush, pro- duced, Indian corn 251,463, oats 7,475, potatoes 39,639, rice 37,457 pounds, cotton 291,6S6 ; 7 stores, cap. §33,500 ; 12 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,950. 6 sch. 130 scholars. Pop. whites 4,438, slaves 2,816, free col'd 3i3 ; total, 7,637. Martin, county, la. Situated toward the s. w. part of the state, and contains 300 sq. miles. Drained by the e. fork of White r., the branches of which afford water power. East of White r. the surface is broken and hilly ; and w. of it it is level, or gently undulating. Capital, Mount Pleasant. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,159, sheep 4,261, swine 11,046 ; wheat 9,8S4 bushels produced, Ind. com 87,032, oats 19,164, potatoes 7,433, sugar 15,287 pounds ; 6 stores, cap. §19,900 ; 3 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 9 grist m., 10 saw m. Capital in manufac. $23,265. 3 sch. 96 scholars. Pop. 3,875. Martin, t., Pope co., Ark. Pop. 120. 49 Martin, t., Allegan co., 3Iich. It has 1 saw m., cap. $3,000 ; 3 sch. 46 scholars. Pop. 116. Martindale, p-o., Mecklenburg co., N. C, 1&4 vv. s. w. Raleigh, 403 W. Martins, p-o.. Philips co., Ark., 132 E, Little Rock, 1,001 W. Martinsburg, p-t., and capital of Lewis co., N. Y., 134 N. w. Albany, 433 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, a fertile loam. Drained by Martin's cr., which flows into Black r. The v., situated on the post-road from Utira to Ogdens- burg, contains a court house, jail, 3 churches, a banking house, a female academy, 6 stores, 1 flouring m., 2 saw m., 1 woollen fac, 100 dwell- ings, and about 600 inhabitants. Lead is found here. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. $15,700 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 printing office, 1 week- ly newspaper, 2 grist m., 9 saw m. Capital in manufac. $12,015. 17 sch. 733 scholars. Pop. 2 272. 3L\RTiNSBliRG, p-v., Woodherry t., Bedford co., Pa., 112 w. Harrisburg, 145 W. Situated on the head waters of Frankstown branch of Juniata r. It contains 3 stores, and 50 or 60 dwellings. Martinsburg, p-v., capital of Berkley co., Va., 21 N. w. Harper's Ferry, 169 n. by w. Richmond, 77 W. It contains a court house, jail, county of- fices, 2 academies, an almshouse, 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Lutheran, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Ro- man Catholic — 12 stores, cap. $67,500 ; 1 furnace, 3 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 1 printing of- fice, issuing a weekly newspaper. Cap. in man- ufac. .$55,695. It has about 1,700 inhabitants. Martinsburg, p-v., Monroe co., Ky., 149 s. s. w. Frankfort, 638 W. Situated in the s. e. cor- ner of the county. Martinsburg, p-v.. Clay t., Knox co., O., 57 N. N. E. Columbus, 366 W. It contains 2 church- es, 7 stores, 2 high schools — 1 for males and 1 for lemales — 75 dwellings, and about 450 inhabitants. Martinsburg, p-v., Washington co., la., 13 s. E. Salem, 105 s. Indianapohs, 616 W. It contains about 125 inhabitants. BIartin's Creek, p-o., Northampton co.. Pa., 114 N. E. Harrisburg, 207 W. The creek rises at the foot of Blue mountain, and running s. w., en- ters Delaware r. 26 ms. above Easton. It is not navigable, but affords good water power. Martin's Creek, po., Carroll co., Tenn. Martin's Creek, p-o., Pickens dist., S. C, 154 w. N. w. Columbia, 560 W. Martin's Ferry, p-o., Belmont co., O., 127 e, by N. Columbus, 267 W. Martin's Hill, p-o., Catlin t., Chemung co., N. Y., 207 w. by s. Albany, 291 W. 3Iartin's Stand, p-o., Blount co., Ala., 114 n- N. E. Tuscaloosa, 731 W. BIartinstown, p-v., Eagle t., Hancock co., O., 89 N. n. w. Columbus, 460 \V. Martin's Store, p-o., Macon co., Ga. Martinsville, pv., Somerset co., N. J., 35 n. by E. Trenton, 2o6 W. Martinsville, p-v., capital of Henry co., Va., 194 s. w. Richmond, 269 W. Situated on Smith-a r., a branch of Dan r. It contains a court house, jail, 2 stores, 1 tannery, and about 100 inhab- itants. Martinsville, p v., Northampton co., N. C, 150 N. E. Raleigh, 219 W. JIartinsville, p-v., Warren co., Ky., 152 s. w. by w. Frankfort, 676 W. Martinsville, p-v., Clinton co., O., 82 s. s. w. Columbus, 455 W. It contains 6 stores, 1 steam mill, 35 dwellings, and about 200 inhab- itants. Martinsville, p-v., capital of Morgan co., la., 23 s. w. Indianapolis, 599 W. Situated half a MAR 386 MAR mile K. of tlie K. brancli of White r., on a beauti- ful plain. It contains a court house, jail, 3 stores, and about 125 inhabitants. Martinsville, p-v., Clarke co., El., 127 e. s. E. Springfield, 673 W. Situated on the national road, on the e. side of the n. fork of Embarrass river. M.'VRTViLLE, p-v., Sterling t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 175 w. Albany, 358 W. Situated on Sodus cr., and contains 1 store, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 distillery, 3J dwelling.«, and about 200 inhab- itants. Marvin's Mill, p-o., Hancock co., O. Mary Ann, t., Licking co., O. Pop. 866. MARYLAND. Maryland, the most southern of the middle United States, is bounded n. by Pennsylvania; E. by Delaware and the Atlantic ; and s. and w. by Virginia. It is between 38° and 39° 44' n. lat., and between 75° 10' and 79° 20' w. Ion., and between 2° 31' vv. and 1° 58' e. from W. It is 196 tniles long, and 120 broad, containing 13,959 square miles, or 8,933,760 acres, of which one fifth is •water. The Chesapeake bay runs nearly through the state from s. to N., dividing it into two parts, called the Eastern Shore and the Western Shore. The population in 1790, was 319,728; in 1800, 345,824; in 1810, 380,546; in 1820, 407,350; in 1830, 446,913 ; in 1840, 469,232, of which 89,495 were slaves. Of the free population 158,636 were white males; 159,081 do. females; 29,173 were colored males; 32,847 do. females. Employed in agriculture, 60,851 ; in commerce, 3,249 ; in manufactures and trades, 21,325; navigating the ocean, 721 ; do. canals, lakes, and rivers, 1,519 ; learned professions, 1,647. This state is divided into 20 counties, which, with their population in 1840, and their capitals, arc as follows : Western Shore — Alleghany, 15,690, Cumberland ; Anne Arundel, 29,532, An- napolis ; Baltimore, 134,379, Baltimore; Calvert, 9,229, Prince Frederick; Carroll, 17,241, Westminster; Charles, 16,023, Port Tobacco ; Frederick, 36,405, Frederick ; Harford, 17,120, Bel Air; Montgomery, 14,669, Rockville ; Prince George's, 19,539, Upper Marlboro'; St. Mary's, 13,224, Leonardtown ; Washington, 28,850, Hagerstown. Eastern Shore — Caroline, 7,806, Denton ; Cecil, 17,232, Elkton ; Dorchester, 18,843, Cambridge ; Kent, 10,842, Chester- town; Queen Anne's, 12,633, Ccntrcville ; Somerset, 19,508, Princess Anne; Talbot, 12,090, Easton ; Worcester, 18,377, Snowhill. Annapolis, on the western shore of the Chesapeake, on the Severn river, is the seat of gov- ernment. In the counties on the eastern shore of the Chesapeake, the land is generally level and low, and in many places is covered with stagnant waters, which give rise, in the summer and fall, to agues and intermittent fevers, and many of the inhabitants have a sickly appearance. The soil possesses considerable fertility, and produces a beautiful white wheat, Indian com, sweet potatoes, and to- bacco. The country on the western shore of the Chesapeake, below the falls of the rivers, is level and free from stones, and is very similar to that on the eastern shore. Above the falls, the country becomes gradually uneven and hilly ; and in the western part of the state it is mountainous, being crossed by different ranges, under the names of South mountain, North mountain. Sideling hill, Warrior's, Evits', Willis', and Alleghany mountains. Wheat and tobacco are the staple produc- tions ; but some cotton, of an inferior quality, is raised in the western counties, and, south of Balti- more, a bright tobacco, of superior quality, denominated kitesfoot. Hemp and flax are produced in considerable quantities. The soil of the state is generally a red loam, or clay, and much of it is excellent. Apples, pears, peaches, and plums, are abundant. The forests abound with various nuts, suitable for fattening hogs, which are suffered to run wild in the woods, and, when fattened, are killed and exported in great quantities. The climate, in the mountainous region in the western part of the state, is salubrious ; and in the valleys between the mountains is much fine land, adapt- ed both to grain and to grazing. Ill this state there were in 1840, 92,920 horses and mules; 225,714 neat cattle; 257,922 sheep; 416,943 swine ; poultry to the value of $218,765. There were produced 3,345,783 bush, of wheat ; 3,594 of barley ; 3,534,21 1 of oats ; 723,577 of rye ; 73,606 of buckwheat ; 8,233,086 of Ind. corn ; 488,201 lbs. of wool ; 2,357 of hops; 3,674 of wax; 1,036,433 bush, of potatoes ; 106,637 tons of hay ; 24,816,012 pounds of tobacco ; 5,673 of cotton ; 2,290 of silk cocoons ; 36,266 of sugar. The pro- ducts of the dairy amounted to $457,466 ; of the orchard, $105,740; of lumber, $226,977. Tliere were made 7,5S5 gallons of wine. Iron ore is found in various parts of the state, and extensive beds of coal exist betwen the moun- tains in the western part. This slate carries on an extensive trade with the other states, with the West Indies, and with Europe, principally from Baltimore. The exports consist of flour, tobacco, iron, lumber, Ind. com, pork, flnx seed, beans, and fish, particularly shell-fish. The Potomac river, which divides this state from Virginia, is 550 miles long, and navigable about 300 miles to Washington city. It is 71 miles wide at its mouth, and U at Alexandria, 290 miles from its mouth. The Susquehanna is a large river, which enters into the head of the Chesapeake MAR 387 MAR bay in this state. It is U mile wide at its mouth, but is navigable only 5 miles, being, above that, much obstructed by falls and rapids. The Patapsco is a small river, navigable, however, 14 miles to Baltimore for large ships. The Patuxent is 110 miles long, and is navigable for 50 miles for vessels of 250 tons. The other rivers are Elk, Sassafras, Chester, Choptank, Nanticoke, and Pocomoke. The Chesapeake bay is 270 miles long, and from 7 to 20 wide ; and, by its deep water and numer- ous inlets, furnishes many fine harbors. Baltimore is much the largest place in the state, and is the third in population in the United States. This stale possesses great facilities for inland and foreign trade, and has an extensive commerce. The other principal towns are Frederick, Hagerstov^'n, and Annapolis. The exports of this state in 1840 amounted to $5,768,768, and the imports to $4,910,746. There ■were in the state 70 commercial and 117 commission houses engaged in foreign trade, employing a capital of $4,414,000; 2,562 retail drygoods and other stores, with a capital of $9,246,170; 1,330 persons engaged in the lumber trade, employing a capital of $307,300 ; 103 persons employed in internal transportation, who, with 211 butchers, packers, &c., employed a capital of $28,880; 7,814 persons employed in the fisheries, with a capital of $88,947. The principal manufactures were of home-made or family articles, to the amount of $176,050; 39 fulling mills and 29 woollen manufactories, employing 388 persons, producing articles to the amount of $235,900, and employing a capital of $117,630 ; 21 cotton manufactories, with 41,182 sp., employing 2,284 persons, producing articles to the amount of $1,150,580, and employing a capital of $1,304,400; 13 rope factories employed 198 persons, and produced articles to the amount of $141,050 ; 12 furnaces, producing 8,876 tons of cast iron, and 17 forges, &c., producing 7,900 tons of bar iron, the whole employing 1,782 persons, and a capital of $795,650; 17 paper manufactories produced to the amount of $195,100, and other paper manufactories $3,000, the whole employing 171 persons, and a capital of $95,400 ; 93 persons produced 1,865,240 pounds of soap, and 731,446 do. of tallow candles, and 35,000 do. of spermaceti candles, employing a capital of $98,600; 73 dis- tilleries produced 366,213 gallons, and 11 breweries produced 828,140 gallons, the whole employing 199 persons, and a capital of $185,790 ; hats and caps were manufactured to the amount of $153,456, and straw bonnets to the amount of $13,200, the whole employing 205 persons, and a capital of $76,620; 161 tanneries employed 1,035 persons, and a capital of $713,655; 408 saddleries, and other manufactories of leather, produced articles to the amount of $1,050,275, with a capital of $434,127 ; 1 glass house, employing 37 persons, produced articles to the amount of $40,000, with a capital of $30,000 ; 23 potteries employed 90 persons, producing to the amount of $60,240, with a capital of $25,120; 5 powder mills employed 47 persons, and produced 669,125 pounds of gunpow- der, with a capital of $46,000; 52 persons produced drugs and paints to the amoimt of $80,100, with a capital of $85,100; 6 sugar refineries produced $176,000; 102 persons produced confection- ery to the amount of $73,450 ; 278 persons manufactured tobacco to the amount of $232,000, with a capital of $125,100; 247 persons manufactured granite and marble to the amount of $152,750; 1,042 persons produced bricks and lime to the amount of $409,456 ; 723 persons produced machinery to the amount of $348,165 ; 36 persons manufactured hardware and cutlery to the amount of $15,670 ; 690 persons produced carriages and wagons to the amount of $357,622, with a capital of $154,955 ; 189 flouring mills produced 466,708 barrels of flour, and, with other mills, employed 898 persons, producing articles to the amount of $3,267,250, and employed a capital of $4,069,671 ; ships were built to the amount of $279,771 ; 834 persons manufactured furniture to the amount of $305,360, with a capital of $339,336 ; 389 brick or stone houses, and 592 wooden houses, were built, em- ploying 2,026 persons, and cost $1,078,770 ; 48 printing oflSces, and 15 binderies, 7 daily, 7 semi- weekly, and 28 weekly newspapers, and 7 periodicals, employed 376 persons, and a capital of $159,100. The whole amount of capital employed in manufactures in the state amounted to $6,450,284. Washington College, at Chestertown, was established in 1782 ; St. John's College, at Annapolis, in 1784. These two subsequently formed a imiversity. St. Mary's College, at Baltimore, was founded in 1799, by the Catholics. The Baltimore Medical School was founded in 1807. In 1812 there were connected with it the faculties of general science, law, and divinity, and it received the name of the University of Maryland. Mount St. Mary's College was established near Emmets- burg, in 1830, by the Catholics. These institutions had, in 1840, about 400 students. Be.sides, there were 127 academies and grammar schools, with 4,178 students; and 567 primary and com- mon schools, with 16,982 scholars. There were 11,605 white persons, over 20 years of age, who could neither read nor write. The first settlers of this state were Roman Catholics, and they are still numerous. They have an archbishop, who is metropolitan of the United States, and 60 churches. The Episcopalians have 77 ministers ; the Presbyterians 25 ; the Baltimore Methodist Conference, which extends into some other states, has 172 travelling preachers ; the Baptists have 20 ministers ; the German Re- formed 9 ; and there are some Lutherans, Friends, Unitarians, &c. MAR 388 MAR There were in this state in 1840, 13 banks, with an aggregate capital of $9,106,031, and a circu- lation of $2,328,525. At the close of 1840, the state (tel)t amoanted to $15,109,026. There is a state penitentiary in Baltimore, first occupied in 1829. The constitution of this state was formed in 1776, but has been frequently amended since that time. The governor is chosen annually by the joint ballot of both houses of the legislature, and is eligible only 3 years in 7. lie must be 25 years of age, and have resided in the state 5 years. The senators are 15 in number, 9 for the western and 6 for the eastern shore; they must be 25 years of age, have resided in the state 3 years, and are chosen for 5 years. The representatives must be 25 years of age, and have resided one year in the county for which they are chosen im- mediately preceding the election. They are 80 in number ; 4 from each of the 19 counties, and two each from the cities of Baltimore and Annapolis. The council consists of 5 members elected by the legislature to advise the governor, and sanction or negative the executive appointments. They must be 25 years of age, and are chosen for 3 years. The governor has no veto upon the acts of the legislature. The judiciary consists of a chancellor and judges, who hold their offices during good behavior, but are removable by impeachment before the legislature by a vote of two thirds of the members. Every free white male citizen, over 21 years of age, who has resided one year in the county, or in the city of Annapolis or Baltimore next preceding the election, enjoys the right of suffrage. Two of the greatest works of internal improvement in the United States have been projected and commenced by Maryland. The first is the Chesapeake and Ohio canal, commencing at Georgetown, District of Columbia, and to extend to Cumberland, on the Potomac, and thence by Wills creek and the Youghiogheny and Monongahela rivers to Pittsburgh, a distance of 31U miles. Jt would require a tunnel through the Alleghany mountains 4 miles and 80 yards in length. The whole amount of lockage will be 3,215 feet. The estimated cost is $9,347,408. The state of Ma- ryland has subscribed $3,000,000, and the United States $1,000,000, toward the completion of the undertaking. A charter was granted by Virginia in 1824, and confirmed by Maryland and the Congress of the U. S. in 1825, and the work was commenced in 1828. It has been nearly com- pleted from Georgetown to Cumberland, 185 miles, and has been extended to Alexandria. The second great work is the Baltimore and Ohio railroad, designed to extend from Baltimore to Wheeling, on the Ohio, 360 miles. It was incorporated by the legislature of Maryland, Vir- ginia, and Pennsylvania, in 1827, and commenced July 4th, 1828. The state of Maryland has subscribed to the slock $3,000,000, and tlie city of Baltimore $3,000,000. It is completed from Baltimore to Cumberland. The Washington Branch extends 30j miles from Patapsco river to Washington. The Baltimore and Port Deposite railroad extends 36 miles from Baltimore to Havre de Grace. The Baltimore and Su.squehanna railroad extends 56 ms. from Baltimore to York, Pa. The Reistertown Branch railroad commences 6 ms. from Baltimore, and extends 8 ms. to Reister- town. The Wilmington and Susquehanna railroad extends from Havre de Grace, 32 ms., to Wil- mington, Del. The Annapolis and Elkridge railroad extends 191 miles from Wasliington Branch to Annapolis. The original charter of Maryland was granted to Cecilius Calvert, (Lord Baltimore,) in 1632. It was originally included in the patent of the South Virginia Company, and was considered as be- longing to Virginia, until the above date. It was called, by its proprietor, Maryland, in honor of Henrietta Maria, queen of Charles I. The proprietor was a Catholic, and planted the first colony, consisting of 200 Roman Catholics, in 1634, on the .n. side of the Potomac, at a town called St. Mary's. Previously to the grant to Calvert, a few emigrants had settled in the country, at the head of whom was a man by the name of t'laiborne, wlio raised a rebellion against the proprietor, and instigated the Indians against the settlers, and gave them much trouble. Calvert offered to every emigrant fifty acres of land in fee, and witliout regard to religious persuasion ; and as a free toleration was granted, tlie colony was increased. The constitution of Maryland was settled in 1650 ; the legislature was divided into two houses, and the province into 3 counties. Under Crom- well the Calvert family were deprived of the government, but were reinstated by Charles II. at the restoration. They were deprived again under William and Mary, and Maryland continued a royal government until 1716. The Culvert who lield the claims of his family then renounced the Roman Catholic religion, and was reinstated in Jus rights. At the commencement of the revolu- tion, the authority fell h\U> the hands of the people, W'lio, in 1776, formed their constitution. From the first, they were active in resisting the acts of British oppression, and bore their part in the trials and hardships and dangers of llie revolutionary war. In convention, April 2Sth, 1783, they adopted the constitution of the (nited States, — yeas 63, nays 12; majority 51. MARVi.ANn, p-t., Otsego co., N. Y., 12 n. ] m., 1 saw m., 1 distillery, and about 20 dwellings. Cooperstown, 60 w. by n. Albany, 362 VV. The 'Inhere are in the t. G stores, cap. $20,500 ; 1 full- surliice is hilly ; soil, sandy loam, fertile in the ing m., 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 3 grist m., 17 saw valleys. Drained l)y Sclienevas cr. The v. m. Cap. in manufac, $38,315. 16 sch. 763 scho- contoius 1 Presbyterian church, 2 stores, 1 grist liars. Pop. 2,085. MAS 389 MAS Maryland Line, p-o., Baltimore co., Md., 62 n. Annapolis, 72 W. Marysville, p-v.. Union co., O., 41 n. w. Co- lumbus, 431 W. Situated on the w. side of 3Iill cr., a branch of Little Scioto r. It contains a court house of brick, a jail, 3 stores, 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Marysville, p-v., Campbell co., Va., 137 s. w. by w. Richmond, 218 W. Situated on the N. side of Stanton r. 31arvsville, p-v., capital of Blount co., Tenn., 18 s. s. w. Kno.xville, 183 e. s. e. Nashville, 523 W. Situated on a branch of Pistol cr., flowing into Little r., a branch of Holston r., and contains a court house, a church, and about 500 inhabit- ants. It is the seat of the Soutli Western Theo- logical Seminary, under the direction of the Presbyterians, founded in 1821, has 2 professors, 24 students, 90 have completed their education, and 6,000 vols, in its libraries. Marysville, p-v., Lawrence co., la., 63 s. s. w. Indianapolis, 630 W. Mascoutah, p-v., St. Clair co., 111., 110 s. Springfield, 819 W. Mashulaville, p-v., Noxubee co., Miss., 113 N. E. Jackson, 897 W. Situated a little w. of the w. fork of Tombigbee r. Maskegon, r., Mich., rises in several lakes in IMikenauk co., and after a course of 175 miles enters Lake Micliigan 14 ms. n. of the entrance of Grand r. Maskegon, p-t, Ottawa co., Mich., 227 w. n. vv. Detroit, 708 W. The v. is situated on the south of an expansion of the r. called Maskegon 1. It contains 1 store and a few dwellings. There are in the t. 6 saw m., with a cap. of $40,500. Maso.n, county, Va. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 875 sq. ms. Ohio r. bounds it on the n. and w. Watered by Great Kanawha r. and its tributaries, and small creeks flowing into Ohio r. The surface is broken ; soil, generally fertile. Salt is found near Ka- nawha r. Capital, Point Pleasant. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,889, sheep 9,292, swine 17,169 ; wheat 69,503 bush, produced, rye 1,914, Ind. corn 298,720, potatoes 20,316, tobacco 9,478 pounds, sugar 27,108; 11 stores, cap. $33,500; 4 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 5 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $8,050. 11 sch. 241 scholars. Pop. whites 5,923, slaves 808, free col'd 46 ; total, 6,777. Mason, county, Ky. Situated toward the n. E. part of the state, and contains 260 sq. ms. The Ohio r. bounds it on the n. Drained by North Lick, a branch of Licking r. Capital, Washington. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,315, sheep 21,340, swine 29,554 ; wheat 220,73S bush, produced, rye 24,250, Ind. corn 666,526, oats 91,804, potatoes 20,630 ; hemp and flax 1,065 tons; tobacco 1,122,749 pounds; 11 commission houses, cap. $113,900; 63 stores, cap. $416,100; 2 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 1,100 sp., 8 tanneries, 6 distilleries, 1 brewery, 3 potteries, 4 rope fac, 13 flouring m., 19 grist m., 4 saw m., 2 printing offices, 3 weekly and 1 semi-weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $210,915. 1 acad. 70 students, 36 sch. 1,00C scholars. Pop. whites 11,138, slaves 4,309, free col'd 272; total, 15,719. Mason, p-t., Hillsboro' co., N. H., 44 s. s. w. Concord, 450 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, fertile, particularly in the w. part. Drained by Souhegan r. and branches of Nashua r. Char- tered in 1768, first settled in 1751. It has 3 stores, cap. $1,400 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac 2,048 sp., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $29,700. 10 sch. 357 scholars. Pop. 1,275. Mason, p-o., Warren co., O., 93 s. w. Colum, bus, 477 W. Mason, t., Lawrence co., O. Symmes' cr. runs near its w. border and once enters the t. It has 6 sch. 86 scholars. Pop. 685. Mason, t., Cass co., Mich. The soil is fertile, well adapted to grain. It has 1 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 318. Mason, t., Ingham co., Mich. It has 2 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 273. Mason, p-v., Clinton co., Mo. Mason, t., Marion co., Mo. It has 4 sch. 155 scholars. Pop. 1,953. Mason Centre, p-v., Ingham co., Mich., 85 w. by N. Detroit, 571 W. Situated on Syca- more cr., and contains 1 store, 1 saw m., and several dwellings. Mason Hall, p-o.. Orange co., N. C, 49 n. w. Raleigh, 283 W. Mason Hall, p-o., Obion co., Tenn., 153 w. Nashville, 835 W. Mason Grove, p-o., Madison co., Tenn., 149 s. w. Nashville, 834 W. Masontown, p-o., Fayette co.. Pa., 190 s. w Harrisburg, 193 W. Maso.n Village, p-v., Ma.son t., Hillsboro' co., N. H., 44 s. s. w. Concord, 450 W. Masonville, p-t., Delaware co., N. Y., Ill s. w. Albany, 313 W. The surface is hilly and mountainous, with a large growth of pine and other timber. Drained by small branches of Sus- quehanna and Delaware rivers. The v. contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 3 stores, 33 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. There are in the t. 2 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist ni., 15 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,050. 11 sch. 455 scholars. Pop 1,420. Masonville, p-v., Lauderdale co., Ala., 145 N. Tuscaloosa, 770 W. MASSACHUSETTS. Massachusetts, one of the eastern United States, is bounded n. by Vermont and New Hamp- shire ; E. by the Atlantic ; s. by the Atlantic, Rhode Island, and Connecticut ; and w. by New York. It lies between 41° 23' and 43° 52' n. lat., and 69° 50' and 73° 10' vv. Ion. It is 190 miles long and 90 broad, containing about 7,500 sq. ms., or 4,800,000 acres. The population in 1790 was 38.-f,727; in 1800,422,845; in 1810, 472,040; in 1820, 523,287; in 1830, 610,408; 1840, 737,699. Of these 360,679 were free white males; 368,351 do. females; 4,654 free colored males ; 4,015 do. females. Employed in mining, 499 ; in agriculture, 87,837 ; in commerce, 8,063 ; in manufactures and trades, 85,176 ; navigating the ocean, 27,153; do. rivers, &c., 372 ; learned professions, 3,804. The capital, and the largest town in New England, is Boston, situated on a small peninsula ill Boston bay This state is divided into 14 counties, which, with their population in 1840, and capitals, are as follows : Suffolk, 95,773, Boston ; Essex, 94,937, Salem, Newburyport, and Ipswich ; 3Iiddlesex, 106,611, Cambridge, Concord, and Lowell; Worcester, 95,313, Worcester ; Hampshire, 30,897, MAS 390 MAS Northampton; Hampden, 37,366, Springfield ; Franklin, 28,812, Greenfield; Berkshire, 41,745, Lenox; Bristol, 60,164, New Bedford and Taunton ; Plymouth, 47,373, Plymouth; Barnsta- ble, 32,548, Barnstable; Dukes, 3,958, Edgartown ; Nantucket, 9,012, Nantucket; Norfolk 53,140, Dedham. There are several ranges of mountains, which come from Vermont and New Hampshire, and cross the western part of the state into Connecticut. To the E. of tliesie mountains the country is hilly, except in the southern counties, where it is level and sandy. On the seacoast, the land is generally poor, particularly in the s. e., but by a skilful cultivation, it is made in many parts to produce well. The rest of the state has generally a strong, good soil, well adapted to grazing and to grain. The lands in the valleys of the Connecticut and Housatonic rivers have an excellent soil. In no state in the Union has agriculture been more improved than in Massachusetts. The principal productions are grass, Indian corn, rye, wheat, oats, and potatoes. Beef, pork, butter, and cheese, of an excellent quality, are extensively produced. Apples are found in great quantities, and are extensively made into cider. Peaches, pears, plums, and cherries are cultivated witli suc- cess. In 1840 there were in this state, 61,484 horses and mules ; 282,574 neat cattle ; 378,226 sheep ; 143,221 swine ; poultry to the amount of $178,157 ; there were produced 1,57,923 bushels of wheat; 165,319 of barley; 1,319,680 of oats ; 53^,014 of rye ; 87,000 of buckwheat ; 1,809,192 of Indian corn; 941,906 pounds of wool; 254,795 of hops; 5,335,652 bushels of potatoes; 569,395 tons of hay ; 2,432 of hemp and flax ; 1,741 pounds of silk cocoons ; 579,227 of sugar. The value of the products of the dairy was $2,373,299 ; of the orchard, $389,177 ; of lumber, $344,845. Massachusetts is a great conunercial state. The fisheries of the United States are chiefly car- ried on by her citizens. The principal articles of export are fish, beef, pork, lumber, flax seed, whale oil, spermaceti, and her manufactures. Marble is extensively exported from West Stock- bridge, and granite from Quincy. Her manufactures of cotton cloths, boots and shoes, leather, wrought and cast iron, woollen cloths, straw bonnets, hats, cabinet work, paper, and oil, are extensive. Lowell, which was unknown by name 20 years ago, has become the Manchester of America, and, supported by its manufactures, has become the second place in population in the state. Muskets are extensively manufactured at the national armory in Springfield. In its shipping, Massachusetts is the first state in the Union, and has one third of the whole tonnage of the country. The state debt at the close of 1810 was $5,149,137. The climate of this state is favorable to health, and about 1 in 7 of the inhabitants live to 70 years of age. The extremes of temperature are from 20 degrees below to 100 degrees above zero ; but such extremes are rare and of short continuance. The principal rivers are the Connecticut, which has a winding course of 50 miles in this state. Deerfield and Westfield rivers enter it from the west, and Miller's and Chickapee rivers from the east. The Housatonic rises in Berkshire county, in the western part the state, and flows into the state of Connecticut. The Merrimac has a course of 50 miles in the n. e. part of the state, and enters the ocean at Newburyport. It is navigable for large vessels, 15 miles to Haverhill. ]\Iassachusctts bay extends from Cape Ann on the n., 40 miles, to (^ape Cod on the s., and includes Boston and Cape Cod bays. Buzzard's bay, on the s. shore of the .slate, is 30 miles in length. Boston harbor is one of the finest in the world, easy of entrance, safe and capacious, and easily and well defended. New Bedford, on Buzzard's bay, has a fine harbor. The other commercial towTis are Salem, Newburyport, Gloucester, and Nantucket. The other principal towns are Lowell, Plymoutli, Worcester, Springfield, Pittsficld, and Northampton. Ttiere are several important islands od' the s. shore of Massachusetts. The largest is Nantucket, 15 miles long and 11 broad, which of itself constitutes a county of its own name. Martha's Vine- yard, to the vv. of Nantucket, is 20 miles long, and from 2 to 10 broad. This, with Elizabeth Isl- ands, in Buzzard's bay, and some other small islands, constitutes Dukes county. The exports of this state in 1840 amounted to $10,186,261, and the imports to $16,513,85S. There were in 1840, 241 commercial and 123 commission houses engaged in foreign trade, em- ploying a capital of $13,8S1,517; and 3,625 retail drygoods and other stores, with a capital of $12,705,038; the lumber trade employed 3,432 persons, and a capital of $1,022,360 ; internal trans- portation employed 799 persons, and with 480 butchers, packers, &c., employed a capital of $407,850; the fisheries employed 16,000 persons, and a capital of $11,725,850. The manufactures of Massachusetts are not less distinguished than its commerce. The value of family and hoinc-made manufactures in 1840 was $231,942; there were 207 fulling mills, and 144 woollen manufactories, employing 5,076 persons, producing goods to the amount of $7,032,893, and employing a capital of $1,179,850; 273 cotton manufactories, with 665,095 spindles, employing 20,92Spersons, producing articles to the amount of $16,553,423, and employing a cap. of $17,414,099; 48 furnaces produced 9,;132 tons of cast iron, 67 forges, rolling mills, &c., produced 6,004 tons of bar iron, the whole employing 1,097 persons, and a capital of $1,232,875 ; 82 paper manufactories, em- ploying 967 persons, produced articles to the amount of $1,659,930, and other paper manufacturer ^ MAS 391 MAS to the araoiint of $36,700, and the whole employed a capital of $1,082,800; 463 persons produced salt to the amount of $376,596 bushels, with a capital of $502,980 ; hats and caps were manufac- tured to the amount of $918,433, and straw bonnets to the amount of $821,646, the whole employ- ing 6,656 persons, and a capital of $602,292 ; 355 tanneries employed 2,446 persons, and a capital of $1,024,699 ; paints and drugs were produced to the amount of $405,725, and turpentine and var- nish to the amount of $25,820 ; 1,532 saddleries, and other leather manufactories, produced articles to the amount of $10,553,826, and employed a capital of $3,318,544 ; 4 glass houses, employing 372 persons, produced articles to the amount of $471,000, with a capital of $277,000 ; 20 potteries, em- ploying 71 persons, produced articles to the amount of $44,450, with a capital of $27,975 ; 2 sugar refineries produced articles to the amount of $1,025,000 ; chocolate was manufactured to the amount of $31,500 ; and confectionery to the amount of $137,300 ; 14 powder mills employed 69 persons, and produced 2,315,215 pounds of gunpowder, with a capital of $255,000; 913 persons produced machinery to the amount of $926,975 ; 1,109 persons produced hardware and cutlery to the amount of $1,881,163 ; 37 distilleries produced 5,177,910 gallons, and 7 breweries produced 429,800 gallons, employing 154 persons, and a capital of $963,100 ; 397 persons produced 50 cannon and 22,652 small- arms ; 1,402 persons produced carriages and wagons to the amount of $803,999, with a capital of $334,660 ; 274 persons wrought granite and marble to the amount of $217,180 ; and 758 persons man- ufactured bricks and hme to the amount of $310,796 ; mills of various kinds employed 1,808 per- sons, and manufactured to the amount of $1,771,185, with a capital of $1,440,152 ; ships were built to the amount of $1,349,994 ; 51 rope walks employed 672 persons, producing articles to the amount of $852,200, with a capital of $555,100; furniture employed 2,424 persons, producing $1,090,008; 246 persons manufactured musical instruments to the amount of $243,760, with a capital of $555,100 ; 324 brick and 2,249 wooden houses employed 2,947 persons, and cost $2,767,134. There were 104 printing offices, 72 binderies, 10 daily newspapers, 67 weekly, and 14 semi-weekly, and 14 periodi- cals, the whole employing 922 persons, and a capital of $416,200. The whole amount of capital employed in manufactures was $41,774,446. Massachusetts has 3 colleges and 2 theological seminaries. Harvard University, at Cambridge, is the oldest and best endowed institution of the kind in the United States, having been founded in 1633, eighteen years after the first tree was felled, and the first log house was erected in the wilder- ness by the Pilgrim Fathers of New England. Williams College, at Williamstown, in the n. e. corner of the state, was founded in 1793, and is a flourisliing institution. Amherst College was founded in 1821, and has had an unexampled growth, ranking wdth the first colleges in New Eng- land. The Theological Seminary, at Andover, is the best endowed, and one of the most flourish- ing institutions of the kind in the United States, and is under the direction of the Congregational- ists. The Baptists, also, have a flourishing theological institution at Newton. All these institu- tions had, in 1840, 769 students. There were in the state, 251 academies and grammar schools, with 16,746 students ; 3,362 primary and common schools, with 160,257 scholars. There were 4,448 per- sons over 20 years of age who could neither read nor write. These, as is the case in most of the states, are principally made up of foreign immigrants. The principal religious denominations are the CongregationaUsts, the Baptists, the Methodists, the Episcopalians, and the Universalists. In 1836, the Orthodox Congregationalisls had about 350 churches, 320 ministers, and 50,000 communicants. The Unitarians had about 120 ministers ; the Baptists had 129 churches, 160 ministers, and 20,200 communicants. The Episcopalians had 1 bishop and 37 ministers ; the Universalists had 100 congregations and 44 ministers. Besides these, there are a few Presbyterians, Christ-ians, Roman Catholics, and Friends, and some others. In November, 1839, Massachusetts had 118 banks, with an aggregate capital of $34,485,600, and a circulation of $7,875,322. This state has a penitentiary at Charlestown. Massachusetts has been fully awake to the subject of internal improvement. The Middlesex canal, connecting the Merrimac river, 2 miles above Lowell, with Boston harbor at Charlestown, is 27 miles long, and was completed in 1808, at a cost of $528,000. This was the first canal, of any considerable length, attempted in the United States. The Hampshire and Hampden canal contin- ues the Farniington canal from the n. line of Connecticut, 22 miles, to Northampton, making the whole length of the canal from New Haven 76 miles. Blackstone canal, 45 miles long, connects Worcester with Providence, R. I., and was completed in 1828, at a cost of $600,000. Quincy rail- road, completed in 1827, for the transportation of granite from the quarry, 3 miles, to Neponset river, was the first work of the kind in the United States ; so late has been this species of improvement. The rails are of timber, faced with iron. Boston and Lowell railroad is 25 miles long, with a branch from Wilmington to Haverhill, 18 miles, and is extended to Dover, N. H. From Lowell, the road is continued, 15 miles, to Nashua, and thence to Concord, N. H. From Haverhill the road is con- tinued through New Hampshire to Maine. The Eastern railroad extends, 33 miles, from Boston to Newburj'port, and is extended to Portsmouth, N. H., and thence to Portland, Me. Boston and Providence railroad was incorporated in 1831, and opened in 1835, is 42 miles long, with a branch MAS 392 MAT of 2 miles to Dedham, and another of 11 miles to Taunton, which, under the name of the OlJ Colony railroad, is continued to New Bedford. The Worcester railroad, 43 miles, constitutes a section of the great Western railroad, which is extended to Albany. The Worcester and Norwich railroad extends 59 miles, and connects with a steamboat navigation to the city of New York. The government of Massachusetts consists of a governor, lieutenant-governor, senators, and representatives, chosen annually by the people, and they meet annually at Boston, on the first Wednesday of January. The senate consists of 40 members, chosen by districts. From these, a council of 9 members is elected, by joint ballot of the legislature. By a modification of the con- stitution in 1837, it was ordained that every town having 300 ratable polls at the la-st preceding de- cennial census of polls, may elect 1 representative ; and for every 450 more, one additional repre- sentative. In towns of less than 300 polls, multiply the jwUs of the last census by 10, and divide by 300, and the quotient will show the number of years in the decennial period that they shall be allowed to send a representative. Where there.is a surplus of polls over a sufficiency for one or more representatives, multiply the surplus by 10, and divide by 450, and the quotient will show how many j-ears of the decennial period they shall be allowed an additional representative. The Plymouth colony was first settled by the Puritans, who landed in Plymouth in December, 1620. In 1628 the foundation of the Massachusetts colony was laid by the settlement of Salem and Charlestown, and in 1G30, of Boston. In 1692, these colonies were united, and have so continued ever since, under the name of Massachusetts. The American revolution began at Boston and in the vicinity, and this state bore a prominent part in that memorable struggle. The first regular bat- tle, that of Breed's Hill, commonly called Bunker Hill, in Charlestown, was fought on the 17th of June, 1775. On the 17th of March, 1776, the British were compelled to evacuate Boston. In 1780, a convention of delegates formed the present state constitution. This was revised, with some modlfieations, in 1820. In 1783, slavery was abolished by law. In 1786, a serious disturbance took place, denominated Shay's rebellion, which was, after some time, quelled. This state voted in convention, February 6th, 1788, to adopt the constitution of the United States : yeas 187, nays 168 ; majority 19. Massanutte.v, p-o., Page co., Va., 138 n. w. Richmond, 106 W. Near it is a beautiful sheet of water on iMassanutten mountain, which has an unbroken fall of near 50 feet, below which the water flows in a deep chasm of limestone rock, with banks nearly perpendicular. The fall pre- sents a beautiful spectacle. Massenna, p-t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 247 N. N. w. Albany, 524 W. The surface is slightly rolling ; soil, rich loam. Watered by Racket and Grass rivers, affording water power, which flow into the St. Lawrence r. that bounds it on the N. It contains a sulphur spring of some ce- lebrity. The V. contains 1 Baptist church, 4 stores, 2 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 clothier's works, 2 tanneries, 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabit- ants. There are in the t., 9 stores, cap .$62,000 ; 1 fuUing m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,300. 17 sch. 740 scholars. Pop. 2,726. Masserxe, mountains, sometimes called the Ozark mountains, commence near tiie junction of the Mis.souri and I'Missisxipiji rivers, in Mo., and run in a s. w. direction through the states of Missouri and Arkan.sas, into Texas. This chain is crossed by the Arkansas and Red rivers. Its highest peak is called Mount Cerne, from wliich it lias derived its name. Massik's Cheek, p-o., Greene co., O., 57 vv. s. w. Columbus, 450 W. The cr. is a considerable mill stream, wliich rises in 3Iadison co., and falls into Little Miami r., 4 ms. above Xenia. It has a series of fulls for several miles, passing through a chasm 20 or 30 feet wide and 60 ieet deep, which presents a liiglily romantic appearance. 3Ia.ssillo.\, p-v., Perry. I., Slaik co., O., 116 n. E. Columbus, 321 VV. Situated on the Ohio ca- nal. Laid out in L-'2(). It contains 1 Baptist and 1 Episcopal church, 1 baidv, 22 stores, 15 warehouses, a great variety of mechanics, 1 flouring m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 printing office, 250 dwellings, and has 1,422. inhabitants. The exports are estimated at over $750,000; and the imports are still greater. Bituminous coal is found in the vicinity. Matamora, p-o., Hardiman co., Tenn., 173 s. w. Nashville, 849 W. MatchapuiNgo, Inlet, Northampton co., Va., enters a gulf called Broad Water, from the At- lantic, between Prout's and Hog islands. Mathew-s, county, Va. Situated in the s. e. part of the state on Chesapeake bay, and con- tains 68 sq. ms. It consists of a peninsula be- tween Piankatanck and Mobjack bays. Capita], Mathews C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,181, sheep 2,366, swine 9,214; wheat 8,875 busli. produced, Ind. corn 171,290, oats 54,100, potatoes 17,070, cotton 24,590 ; 20 stores, cap. §33,900; 2 tanneries, 15 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $30,700. 2 acad. 92 students, 12 sch. 257 scholars. Pop. whites 3,969, slaves 3,309, free col'd 174 ; total, 7,442. Mathews, C. II., p-v., capital of Mathews co., Va., 102 E. by s. Richmond, 187 W. Mathews Prairie, p-o., Scott co., Mo., 240 s. E. Jefferson City, 857 VV. Mathewsville, p-v., Pocahontas CO., Va., 194 w. N. w. Richmond, 221 W. Matinic, isl., Lincoln co., Me. 1 sch. Pop. 19. Matinicus Rock, Lincoln co., Me. 1 sch Pop. 10. AIatildaville, p-o., Parishville t., St. Law- rence CO., N. Y. 3Iattapo.vy, r., Va., rises in Spottsylvania co., and is formed by the junction of Mat, Ta, Po, and Ny rivers. At the s. e. point of King William CO., it unites with Pamunky r. to form York r. Mattamisco.ntis, t., Penobscot co.. Me. It has 1 sell. 2i scholars. Pop. 97. 3Iattapoisett, p-v., Rochester t., Plymouth CO., Mass., 60 Boston, 441 W. Situated on an inlet from Buzzard's bay, and contains 3 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Baptist, 1 Universalist — several stores, and 100 dwellings. The inhabit- ants are extensively engaged in the whal« fishery. MAU 393 MAY Mattavvamkeag, p-0., Penobscot co., Me., 130 N. E. Augusta, 725 W. Matte A WAX, v., Fishkill t., Dutchess co., N. Y. Situated on Fishkill cr., li ms. from the landing on Hudson r. It contains the " Highland Gymnasium," a boarding school for boys, 'Z churches, 6 stores, '-l extensive beverteens, moleskin, and fustian fac, employing 600 per- sons, 1 iron foundry and machine shop, em- ploying 400 persons, 1 machine card fac, 1 flour- ing m., 200 dwellings, and about 1,800 inhabit- ants. The cr. has here a fall of 40 feet, aflTording extensive water power, during the vkhole year. Matthew's Store, p-c, Anne Arundel co., Md. Mattituck, p-v., Southold t., SuflTolk co., N. Y., 233 s. s. E. Albany, 313 W. It contains a church, and 20 or 25 scattered dwellings. Matteson, t.. Branch co-, Mich. It has 1 'sch. 15 scholars. Pop. 170. Mauch Chuxk, p-t., Northampton co.. Pa., 92 N. E. by e. Harrisburg, 200 W. The t. be- longs chiefly to the Lehigh navigation and coal company. The surface is mountainous ; soil, gravel. Drained by Beaver, Mauch Chunk, Nesquihoning and Kettle creeks, and Room run. It contains several villages, connected with the coal business. Mauch Chunk v. is situated on the vv. bank of Lehigh r., in a deep and romantic ravine, between rocky mountains, which rise in some parts precipitously, 800 or 1,000 Icet above the stream. It contains 5 churches — 1 Presby- terian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Dutch Relbrmed, 1 Metho- dist, and 1 Roman Catholic — 7 stores, 300 dwell- ings, and about 1,800 inhabitants. About 1,200 of the inhabitants are employed in nuning and shipping coal, and there is little agricultural cul- tivation in the neighborhood, the provisions being brought from an average distance of 20 miles. An inclined plane, 700 feet long, rising 200 feet, and a railway, 9 ms. long, extends to the great coal mine. About 30 acres have been worked from this single vein, and have produced more than 1,200,000 tons. Here is a village called Coalville, of 40 dwellings, occupied by miners. Below Mauch Chunk the coal is conveyed by the Lehigh canal. The t. has 7 stores, cap. $41,000 ; 3 lumber yards, cap. $7,000; 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in raanufac. $28,000. 6 sch. 365 scholars. Pop. 2,193. AIauchport, p-v., Harrison co., la., 141 s. Indianapolis, 635 W. Maulding's Mills?, p-o., Wayne co., El., 147 s. E. Springfield, 766 W. Maumee, r., O., rises in the n. e. part of In- diana, and flowing n. e., enters Lake Erie, through Maumee bay. It is formed by the junc- tion of Little St. Joseph's, St. 3Iary's, and Great and Little Auglaize rivers, is about 100 ms. long, and for 50 ms. from its mouth, 70 rods wide. It is navigable for schooners and steamboats, 18 ms. to Perrysburg. In the spring and fall, it is beatable 18 ms. above Perrysburg to Fort Wayne. It furnishes extensive water power. The Wa- bash and Erie canal is constructed along its banks. The country on its borders is very pro- ductive. Maumee City, p-v., Lucas co., O., 124 n. n. w. Columbus, 455 VV^. Situated on the w. side of Maumee r., at the foot of the rapids, at the head of navigation from the Lake, for small craft. A side cut here connects the canal with the r. It contains several stores and warehouses, and a considerable number of dwellings. Pop. 840. It is designed to remove obstructions in the r., so as to open a steamboat navigation to this place 50 It is laid out on an extensive scale, and promises to be a place of importance. Maurice, r., Gloucester co., N. J., rises in Deptford t., and Franklin t., and flows into Dela- ware bay. It is navitraljle for 20 ms. for vessels of 8 J or 100 tons. It has fine embanked mea- dows on its borders, and excellent oysters are taken at its mouth. In its upper part it affords water power. Maurice River, t., Cumberland co., N. J., 20 s. e. Bridgeton. The surface is level; soil,sandy^ excepting on the streams, whore loam and clay are found. Drained by Tuckahoe and Tarkill creeks, tributaries of Maurice r., wliich bounds it on the w. Delaware bay bounds it on the s. It has several villages on Maurice r. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. §20,750 ; 2 glass houses, 7 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manulac. $48,060. 8 sch. 280 scholars. Pop. 2,143. Mauricetow.x, p-v., Downe t., Cumberland CO., N. J., 75 s. by w. Trenton, 187 W. It is situated on the w . side of Maurice r., 10 or 12 ms. from its mouth, and contains 1 Methodist church, an academy, a store, and 20 dwellings, many of them neatly built of brick. Maury, county, Tenn. Situated a little s. w. of the centre of the state, and contains 570 sq. ms. Drained by Duck r. and numerous tributa- ries. Capital, Columbia. There were in 1840, neat cattle 22,614, sheep 27,291, swine 105,175; wheat 131,027 bush, produced, rye 13,619, Ind, corn 2,512,612, oats 218,858, potatoes 24,616, tobacco 51,376 pounds, cotton 2,001,676 ; 34 stores, cap. §221,300 ; 2 cotton fac. 796 sp., 10 tanneries, 33 distilleries, 23 grist m., 20 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly and 2 periodical newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $59,555. 1 college, 85 stu- dents, 7 acad. 326 students, 2S sch. 7iJ3 scholars. Pop. whites 17,090, slaves 10,002, free col'd 94 ; total, 28,186. Mavais, p-o.. Gasconade co., Mo., 28 e. Jef- ferson City, 964 W. Maxataw.ny, t., Berks co.. Pa., 74 n. e. Har- risburg, 165 W. The surface is level ; soil, cal- careous loam and gravel, ai>d highly productive. Drained by Maiden cr. and its tributary, Sa- cony cr., which afford water power. The v. of Kutztown in the t., contauis 1 Lutheran church, 3 stores, and 100 dwellings. There is another church in the t., common to Presbyterians and Lutherans. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. §18,000; 1 tannery, 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $800. Pop. 1,897. Maxfield, p-t., Penobscot co.. Me., 112 n. n. w. Augusta, 707 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Watered by Piscataquis r. and Seboois stream. It has 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,500. 4 sch. 83 scholars. Pop. 185. Maxville, p-v., Sussex co., N. J. Maxwell's Store, p-o., Mecklenburg cov, N. C, 165 w. s. w. Raleigh, 404 W. May, (cape) N. J. Situated on the n. e. side of Delaware bay, in 33° 56' n. kit., and 74° 56' w. Ion. A light-house stands on the point. It received its name from Cornelius May, a Dutch navigator, who visited the bay in 1623. Mayuinton, p-v., Newberry dist., S. C, 45' w. Coiumbia, 488 W. Mayfield, p-t., Somerset co., Me., 52 n. Au- gusta, 657 W. Situated on the e. side of Kenne- bec r., 10 ms. distant from it. Incorporated in 1836. It has 1 saw m., 2 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 148 Mayfield, p-t., Fulton co., N. Y., 8 n. e, Johnstown, 58 n. w. Albany, 422 W. The sur- face is hilly and mountainous ; soil, sandy and clay loam. Drained by branches of Sacandaga r. The v. contains 1 church, 1 Blore, 25 dwell' MAY 304 MEC mgs, and about 150 inhabitants. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. S'J,300 ; 2 fulling m., 2 cotton fac, 2 tanneries, 2 paper fac, 4 grist m., 18 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $66,854. 13 sch. 536 scholars. Pop. 2,01.'). M.wi'MELD, p-o., Isle of Wight co., Va., 81 s. K. Richinoiui, VJl W. Mavfikld, p-v., capital of Graves co., Ky., 275 w. s. w. Frankfort, 802 W. Situated on a branch of .'May field's r. It contains a court house and jail of brick, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 3 stores, 25 dwellings, and about 150 in- habitants. ^Iayfield, p-t., Cuyahoga co., O., 161 n. n. e. Columbus, 319 W. Watered by Chagrine r., on ■which is situated the v. of Gates' Mills. It con- tains 2 grist m. and 8 saw m. The t. has 2 stores, cap. $2,000 ; 1 lulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tan- neries, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,400. 6 sch. 280 scholars. Pop. 851. M.WFIELD, p-0., Warren co., Ga., 35 E, n. e. Milledgeville, 036 W. Situated on e. side of the Ogeechee r. It has 3 or 4 dwellings. Mahew, p-o., Lowndes co., Miss., 157 n. e. Jackson, 900 W. Mayo, p-o., Halifax co., Va., 143 s. w. Rich- mond, 230 W. Mavo.ni.n'g, p-v., Patrick co., Va., 217 w. s. w. Richmond, 292 W. Situated on a branch of N. Mayo r. 3Iay River, p-o., Beaufort dist., S. C, 164 s. Columbia, 051 W. May's Landi.ng, p-v., Hamilton t., capital of Atlantic CO., J\. J., 73 s. Trenton, 183 W. Situ- ated on (Jrcat Egg Harbor r., at the head of sloop navigation, 10 nis. from the ocean. It is built on both sides of the r., and contains a court house, 1 Methodist church, 4 stores, and about 30 dwellings. Sliip l)uiiiliug is carried on here. It has considerable trade in wood and lumber. May's Lick, p-o., Mason co., Ky., 70 e. n. e. Frankfort, 473 W. Maysville, p-v., capital of Buckingham co., Va., 79 vv. Riclimond, 15S W. Situated on the s. E. side of Slate r. It contains a court house, 5 stores, and about 300 inhabitants. Maysville, p-v., Greenbrier co., Va., 232 w. Richmond, 209 W. Maysvii.le, t., Morgan co., O. It has 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 6 sch. 175 scholars. Pop. 1,1,59. May.svii,le, city, IVIason co., Ky., 81 N. E. by E. Frankfort, 401 W. It is situated on the s. side of Ohio r., on a narrow bottom between the r. and the high hills which rise in its rear. It has 3 streets, running parallel with the r., and 4 crossing them at right angles. It contains 3 churches, 1 acad., 70 students, 3 sch. 200 scholars, about 5U0 dwellings, and 2,741 inhabitants. It has a good harbor for boats. Most of the goods imported into the n. e. part of the state are landed here. There were in 1840, 9 commission houses, cap. $111,600; 29 stores, cap. $133,000; 2 lum- ber yard.s, cap. $10,500 ; 1 cotton fac. 1,100 sp., 1 tannery, 1 brewery, I flouring m., 1 saw m., 2 printing offices, 3 weekly and 1 semi-weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $94,300. Maysville, p-v., Dickson co., Tenn., 49 w. Nashville, 733 W. Maysville, p-v.. Fountain co., la., 84 w. n. w. Indianapolis, 642 W. Maysville, p-v., capital of Clay CO., 111., 122 s. e. Springfield, 733 W. Situated on ilu^ liordt-r of 'IVelvc Mile prairie, near the Little Wal)ash r. It contains a court house, 3 stores, and about 25 dwellings. Mayville, p-v., Chautauque t., capital of Chautauque co., N. Y., 344 w. by. s. Albany* 339 W. Situated at the n. end of Chautauque lake. It contains a neat court house, and jail of stone, 4 churches, an academy, 8 stores, 80 dwell- ings, and al)out 5(K) inhabitants. A steamboat plies on the lake, 32 ms. between tliis place and Jamestown. Maytown, p-v., Donnegal t., Lancaster co., Pa., 30 s. E. by e. Harrisburg, 108 W. Situated 3 ms. N. E. of Susquehanna r. It has several stores, and about 30 dwellings. Medois Farm, p-o., Muskingum co., O., 60 e. Columbus, 345 W. Mead, county, Ky. Situated in the N. part of tlie state, on Ohio r., and contains 360 sq. ms. Watered by Otter cr.. Spring cr., and other small tributaries of the Ohio. Capital, Brandenburg There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,714, sheep 7,04.5, swine 12,586; wheat 41,597 bush, pro- duced, rye 2,208, Ind. com 199,223, oats 75,529, potatoes 9,199, tobacco 170,464 pounds ; 17 stores, cap. $59,400; 2 lumber yards, cap. $1,980; 1 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 1,370 sp., 2 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 5 flouring m., 4 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $103,150. 10 sch. 257 scholars. Pop. whites 4,366, slaves 1,409, free col'd 5 ; total, 5,780. Mead, t., Crawford co.. Pa. It has 1 potter>', 1 paper flic, 1 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $6,900. 1 college, 143 students, 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 1,697. Mead, t., Belmont co., O. Situated a little w. of Ohio r. Drained by Pipe cr., which aflTorda water power. It has 3 sch. 81 scholars. Pop. 1,496. Mead's Basin, p-o., Passaic co., N. J., 73 N. N. E. Trenton, 244 W. Mead's Creek, p-o.. Orange t., Steuben co., N. v., 21 1 w. by s. Albany, 300 W. ftlEADOwviLLE, p-v.. Smith CO., Tenn., 55 e. N. E. Nashville, 658 W. It contains 1 church, 1 store, and several dwellings. Meadville, p-b., and capital of Crawford co.. Pa., 231 N. w. by w. Harrisburg, 307 W. Situ- ated on the E. side of French cr. The town plat gradually rises from the r. to its centre, where is a handsome pubhc square of 5 acres, on the e. side of which is an elegant court house, of brick and cut stone, ornamented with a handsome cu- pola. It contains 7 churches, 1 Baptist, 1 Epis- copal, 2 Presbyterian, 1 Cum'd do., 1 Methodist, 1 Unitarian, an academy, and a state arsenal. It is tlie seat of Alleghany College, which was founded in 1815, has a president, and 4 professors or other instructors, 100 students, and 8,000 vole, in its libraries: a portion of the students adopt the uiamial labor system. It has 14 stores, cap. $104,300; 1 fulling mill, 2 furnaces, 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly news- papers, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $30,055. 3 schools, 163 scholars. Poo. 1,319. Meadville, p-v., Halifax CO., Va., 136 s. w. Richmond, 223 W. Meadv iLLE, p-v., capital of Franklin Co., Miss., 80 s. w. Jackson, 1,090 W. Situated on the w. side of Homochillo r., and contains a court house, and a few dwellings. Meansville, p-v.. Union dist., S. C, 81 n. w. Columbia, 475 W. Meaiis Farm, p-o., Hamilton co., O., 130 s. w. Columbus, 504 W. Mecca, p-t., Trumbull co., C, 180 n. e. Co- lumbus, 314 W. It has 7 sch. 244 scholars. Pop. 081. Mechanic, t., Holmes co., O. It has 4 grist m., 4 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $8,416. Pop 1,403. MEC 395 MED Mechanic Grove, p-o., Clarke co., Ala., I'iG S. Tuscaloosa, 918 W. Mechanicsburg, p-b., Cumberland co.. Pa., 9 K. Carlisle, 6 s. w. Harrisburg, 105 W. It coa- tains a church, and about 100 dwellings. Incor- porated in 1828. It ha.s 4 stores, cap. $23,000 ; 1 tannery, 3 distilleries, 1 printing office, 1 vveekly newspaper, 9 flouring m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,845. 4 sch. 200 scholars. Pop. 670. Mechanicsburg, p-v., Goshen t.. Champaign CO., O., 36 w. by n. Columbus, 429 W. Situated near the head of Little Darby cr., and contains 5 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 35 dwellings, and 258 inhabitants. Mechanicsburg, p-v., Giles co., Va., 248 w. Richmond, 308 W. Mechanicsburg, p-v., Sangamon co.. 111., 15 K. Springfield, 765 W. Situated in a prairie, near Clear cr. Mechanics Falls, p-v., Cumberland co., Me. Mechanics Hill, p-o., Moore co., N. C, 79 s. w. Raleigh, 353 W. Mechanicstown, p-v., Frederick co., Md., 89 N. w. Annapolis, 60 W. Mechanicstown, p-v., Fox t., Carroll co., O., 135 E. N. E. Columbus. Mechanicsville, p-v., Rutland co., Vt., 82 s. s. w. Montpelier, 465 W. Mechanicville, p-v., Stillwater t., Saratoga CO., N. Y., 19 N. Albany, 389 W. Situated on the w. side Hudson r. and contains 2 churches, 5 stores, 1 cotton fac, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., and 1 plaster m. The Champlain canal passes through it. Mechanicsville, p-o., Bucks co.. Pa., 104 e. Harrisburg, 166 W. Mechanicsville, p-v., Louisa co., Va., 70 n. w. Richmond, 114 W. Mechanicsville, p-v., Sumter dist., S. C, 78 E. Columbia, 504 W. Mechanicsville, p-v., Jasper co., Ga., 45 w Milledgeville, 652 W. Situated U ms. e. of the Ocniulgee r. Mechanicsville, p-v., Rutherford co., Tenn., 30 s. e. Nashville, 630 W. Mecha.nicsville, p-v., Kemper co.. Miss. Mechisse,s, p-t., Washington co.. Me., 157 e. by N. Augusta, 743 W. Situated on both sides of E. Machias r. which affords extensive water power. The v. at the falls is at the head of tide- water, and contains various mills, and Washing- ton Academy, which has an edifice 50 by 38 feet, 2 stories high, a library and philosophical apparatus, and a productive fund of $14,000. The t. contains 12 stores, cap. $50,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist ni., 14 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $46,150. 1 acad. 161 students, 8 sch. 460 scholars. Pop. 1,395. Mecklenburg, county, Va. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 610 sq. ms. Staun- ton and Dan rivers unite in the w. part of this co., to form the Roanoke r., by which, and its tributa- ries, it is watered. Mehcrin r. Ibrms its n. boundary. Capital, Boydton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 13,93S, sheep 14,109, swine 31,988 ; wheat 77,444 bush, produced, Ind. corn 472,345, oals 224,107, potatoes 25,107, tobacco 4,124,131 pounds, cotton 19,054; 30 stores, cap. $303,400 : 1 furnace, 4 tanneries, 17 flouring m., 32 grist m., 19 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $45,925. 1 college, 80 students, 7 acad. 186 students, 15 sch. 331 scholars. Pop. whites 7,754. slaves 11,915, free col'd 1,055; total, 20,724. Mecklenburg, county, N. C. Situated to- ward the s. w. part of the state, and contains 900 sq. ma. Catawba r. runs on its w. border, by branches of which it is watered. Surface undu- lating, soil, very productive. It contains several rich gold mines. Capital, Charlotte. There were in 1840, neat cattle 18,541, sheep 19,519, swine 33,065 ; wheat 78,315 bush, produced, rye 2,005, Ind. corn 586,928. oats 61,407, potatoes 14,142, cotton 1,595,327 pounds; 32 stores, cap. $179,788 ; 2 smelting houses lor gold, 9 tanneries, 15 distilleries, 11 flouring m., 23 grist m., 32 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 bindery, 1 weekly news- paper. Cap. in manufac. $16,600. 1 college, 81 students, 5 acad. 181 students, 25 sch. 475 scholars. Pop. whites 11,850, slaves 6,322, free col'd 101 ; total, 18,273. Mecklenburg, p-v.. Hector t., Tompkins co., N. Y., 174 w. by s. Albany, 307 W. It contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and I Methodist — 3 stores, 1 grist m., 3 saw m., I clotliier's works, 1 tannery, 1 pump fac, 1 buck- skin mitten and glove fac, 50 dwellings, and about 350 inhabitants. Mecklenburg, p-v., Knox co., Tenn., 12 e. by s. Knoxville, 188 e. Nashville, 503 W. Situ- ated on the E. side of Holston r , a little above the junction of French Broad r. Mecosta, county, Mich. In the central part of the state, drained by the Maskegon r. and branches. It is unorganized. Medfield, p-i., Norfolk co., Mass., 21 s. s. w. Boston, 425 W. Watered by Charles and Stop rivers. Chartered in 1650. The v. contains I Congregational, 1 Unitarian, and 1 Baptist church, and about 40 dwellings. One mile e. of the v. is one of the oldest houses in New England, which was known to be standing when most of the t. was burned by tlie Indians in 1676. It is one story high, with a steep roof, suflifiently high for 2 other stories. It is a curious relic of antiquity. The t. has 2 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 6 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,000. 3 sch. 190 scholars. Pop. 883. Medford, p-t., Middlesex co., Mass., 5 n. w. Boston, 445 W. Situated at the head of naviga- tion, on Mystic r. The soil is fertile and highly cultivated. It contains many fine country seats. It has considerable ship building. The v. con- tains 4 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Unitarian, 1 Methodist, and 1 Universalist. The Middlesex canal passes through the t. There are 9 stores, cap. $27,600 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $35,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $117,007. 1 acad. 48 students, 8 sch. 579 scholars. Pop. 2,478. Medford, p-v., Evesliain t., Burlington co., N. J., 31 s. e. Trenton, 155 W. It contains 1 large Friends church, 4 stores, and about 40 dwellings. Medicinal Springs, p-o.. Walker co., Ga., 209 N. w. Milledgeville, 630 W. Medicine Creek, p-o., Livingston co.. Mo., 151 N. w. Jefferson City, 1,045 W. Medina, county, O. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 425 sq. ms. Drained by the head waters of Black and Roi-ky rivers. The siirface is moderately uneven, and the soil is fertile. Capital, Medina. Tliere were in 1840, neat cattle 19,265, sheep 31,430, swine 20,989 ; wheat 219,438 bush, produced, rye 5,339, Indian corn 188,460, buckwheat 3,320, barley 3,175, oats 133,.563, potatoes 112,661, sugar 3.'5,501 pounds ; 31 stores, cap. $]t)3,'.H)0; 1 furnace, 8 fuiling m., 1 woollen fac, 17 tanneries, 1 distillery, 14 grist m., 51 saw m., 2 printing o/Fices, 2 weekly news- papers. Cap. in manufac $107,928. 2 acad. 99 students, 97 sch. 3,743 scholars. Pop. 18,352. Medina, p-v., Ridgoway t., Orleans co., N. Y., 262 w. by n. Albany, 397 W. Situated on the Erie canal, at the junction of Oak Orchai-d MET 396 MEN cr., which is used as a feeder. Incorporated in 1832. It contains 5 cliurche.s — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and I Romap Catholic — 15 stores, 6 warehouses, 3 flouring m., 3 saw m., 1 tannery, 1 brewery, 1 furnace, 1 clothier's works, 130 dwellings, and about 800 inhabitants. Medina, p-t., and capital of Medina co., O., 117 N. E. by N. Columbus. 351 W. The v. is situated on a commanding eminence, and contains a hand- some brick court house, in which the public oHi- ces are kept, a brick jail, 2 churches, 10 stores, cap. $34,50!) ; 1 fulling m., 1 distillery, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $t,200. 2 sch. 147 scholars. Pop. 675. There are in the t., exclu- sive of the v., 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 distillery, 5 sch. 199 scholars. Pop. 896. Mebina, p-t., Lenawee co., Mich., 81 s. w. Detroit, 510 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. It has 3 stores, cap. $8,700; 1 distillery, igristm., 4 sawm. 6 sch. 165 scholars. Pop. 760. Medon, p-o., Madison co., Tenn., 146 w. s. w. Nashville, 831 W. Medvvay, p-t., Norfolk co., Mass., 28 s. w. Boston, 418 W. Watered by Charles r., which afTords good water power. The v. contains 3 stores, 3 cotton fac, 1 woollen fac, and 40 dwell- ings. The t. contains 4 churches — 2 Congrega- tional, 1 Unitarian, and 1 Baptist. Incorporated in 1713. The t. has 8 stores, cap. $12,850; 6 cotton fac. 2,859 sp., 4 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $86,800. 3 acad. 150 students, 8 sch. 495 scholars. Pop. 2,043. Medway, v.. Liberty co., Ga. Situated on the stage road from Savannali to Darien, and con- tains a church and several dwellings. jMedvbemps, po., Washington co.. Me. Meegisse, county, 3Iich. Situated on the E. of Grand Traverse bay. It contains several lakes and small streams. (Unorganized.) Meek's Hilt,, p-o., York dist., S. C, 86 n. Columbia, 437 W. Meesville, p-v., Roane co., Tenn., 142 e. by s. Nashville, 551 W. Meherin, r., Va., rises in Charlotte co., and running e. through several counties, enters N. C, and unites with Noltaway r. to form Chowan r. Mkhoopany, p-o., Luzerne co., Pa., 160 n. vv. Ilarrisburg. 3Ieigs, county, O. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, bounded e. by Ohio r., and contains 425 sq. ms. Watered by Shade and Leading creeks. Organized in 1819. Capital, Chester. Tlicre were in 1840, neat cattle 9,747, sheep 16,860, swine 12,427 ; wheat 93,595 bush prod., Indian corn 193,327, oats 72,059, potatoes 34,90S ; 35 stores, cap. $44,350; 1 fidliiig m., 9 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 flouring m., 21 grist m., 39 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $106,720. 82 sch. 2,601 schol- ars. Pop. 11,452. Meigs, county, Tenn. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and contains 215 aq. ms. The Teimessee r. bounds it on the w. Surface, hilly ; soil, fertile. Capital, Decatur. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,163, sheep 4,242, swine 17,141 ; wheat 26,926 bush, produced, rye 2,108, Indian corn 307,789, oats 51,362, potatoes 4,038, tobacco 19,565 pounds, cotton 10,778 ; 12 stores, capital $30,550; 1 forge, 7 tanneries, 28 distilleries, 15 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manuiac $2.'i.708 14 sch. 245 scholars. Pop. whites 4.49S, slaves 2ii, free col'd 12; total, 4,791. Meigs, t., Adams co , O. Situated a few miles N. E. of West Union. It h;is 5 stores, cap. $4,2tK) 1 furnace, 1 flouring m., 2 gri.st m. Cap. in man- ufac. $1,450. 1 sch. 24 scholars. Pop. l.OOi. Meig.s Creek, p-o., Morgan co., O., 78 e. by s. Columbus, 338 W. Meigsville, p-v., Jackson co., Tenn., 82 e. by N. Nashville, 639 W. Situated on vv. side of Cumberland r. 3Iei.eck's Mills, p-o., Perry co., O., 54 e. Columbus, 365 W. 3Iello.vville, p-v., Claverack t., Columbia CO., N. Y., 37 s. Albany, 319 W. It contains 1 church, 1 store, 2 flouring ra., 1 carpet fac, and a few dwellings. Mel.more, p-v., Eden t., Seneca co., O., 82 n. Columbus, 416 W. Situated on the n. bank of Honey cr. Melrose, p-v., Clarke co., Fil., 152 e. s. e. Spruigfield, 686 W. It contains about 20 dwell- ings. Meltonsville, p-v., Anson co., N. C, 160 s. w. by w. Raleigh, 454 W. Meltonsville, p-v., Marshall co., Ala., 169 N. e Tuscaloosa, 687 W. Melvin Village, p-v., Strafford co., N. H., 49 e. by s. Concord, 530 W. Me.mpiiis, p-v., Shelby co., Tenn., 230 w. s. w. Nashville, 915 W. Situated on an elevated bluff on the 3Iississippi r., immediately below the mouth of Wolf or Loosahalchie river. It is regu- larly laid out, and contains 4 churches — 1 Pres- byterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 ;Methodi.Iany of the Hurons. a native tribe in this region, were converted to the Catholic faith by the Jesuits. By tlie treaty of peace between Great Britain and France in 1763, this country came into the possession of the English. The po.st at Detroit was resigned to the United States by the English in 1796. In 1805 this state was erected into a distinct territory, and a correspondent gov- ernment was appointed. The British gained a temporary possession of the country in 1812-13, but it was soon recovered by the Americans under Gen. W. H. Harrison. In 1836 Michigan was admitted to tlie Union. Michigan Centre, p-v., Jackson co., Mich., 72 w. Detroit, 540 W. Michigan City, p-v., Laporte co., la., 157 n. N. w. Indianapolis, 666 W. Situated on the s. shore of Lake Blichigan, at the mouth of Trail or., and was laid out in 1835. It is the only harbor in this state. The location is gene- rally healthy, and well situated for trade. It contains 3 churches, 10 stores, 5 large ware- houses, 1 flouring m., 1 foundry, a branch of the State Bank of Indiana, and about 700 inhabitants. It is the N. tenninus of the great Michigan road, and also the proposed one of several railroads and canals. MicHiGANTOWN, p-v., Cliuton CO., la., 42 n. by w. Indianapolis, 600 W. Situated on the Michi- gan road. MicHiLiMACKiNAC, couuty and strait. (See Mackinaw.) Middle, t.. Cape May co., N. J. Bounded w. by Delaware bay, and e. by the Atlantic. The surface is level ; soil, sand and marsh. Hereford inlet admits the Atlantic into the marshes and lagunes for 4 ms. w. Watered by Goshen, Dyer's, Green, and Fishing crs., which flow into Dela- ware bay. It has 12 stores, cap. $19,000 ; 2 grist m., 2 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 5 sch. 323 scholars. Pop. 1,624. Middle Paxton, t., Dauphin co.. Pa., 9 n. e. Harrisburg. The surface is very mountainous ; soil, gravelly. Drained by Fishing, Stony, and Clark's crs. It contains 1 church. Anthracite coal is found. It has 4 stores, cap. $11,500; 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 3 grist m., 6 saw 111. Cap. in manufac. $39,800. 1 sch. 75 schol- ars. Pop. 1,560. Middleborough, p-t., Plymouth co., Mass., 40 s. by E. Boston, 433 W. It has several ponds, the outlets of which afford extensive water power, and flow into Taunton r. Incorporated in 1660. It contains 8 churches — 4 Baptist, 3 Congrega- tional, and 1 Methodist. It is 15 ms. long and 9 wide, being one of the largest towniships in the state. It has extensive manufactures. The v. contains 1 cliurch, an academy, and about 50 dwellings. It has 8 store.s, cap. $51,000; 1 full ing m., 2 cotton fac. 2,500 sp., 1 furnace, 2 forges, 4 grist m., 11 saw in. Cap. in manufac. $122,000. 1 acad. 172stud'ts,40sch. 1,562 sch'ls. Pop. 5,085. MiDDLEBOURNE, p-0., Oxford t., Guernsey co., O., 92 E. Columbus, 301 W. MiDDLEBOURNE, p-v.. Capital of Tyler CO., Va., 307 N. w. Richmond, 275 W. Situated on the e. side of Middle Island creek. It contains a court house and a few dwellings. MiDDLEBROOK, p-v., Augusta CO., Va., 129 w. N. w. Richmond, J 70 W. MiDDLEBROOK MiLLS, p-0., Montgomery co., Maryland. MiDDLEBURG, p-t., Schoharie co., N. Y., 37 w. Albany, 378 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, in the valleys, calcareous loam and alluvion, and very fertile. A pond, or marsh, called The Vly, discharges to the n. a mill stream, which flows into Schoharie kill. From the s. e. flows a branch of Catskill cr. The v. is situated on the E. side of Schoharie creek, and contains 1 Dutch Reformed and 1 Lutheran church, 5 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 2 tanneries, 1 furnace, 1 clothier's works, 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. There are in the t. 11 stores, cap. $16,300 ; 4 full- ing m., 4 tanneries, 6 grist m., 28 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,600. 20 sch. 888 scholars. Pop. 3,843. MiDDLEBURG, p-v., Centre t, Union co.. Pa., 77 n. Harrisburg, 182 W. MiDDLEBURG, p-v., Carroll co., Md., 78 n. w. Annapolis, 61 W. 3I1DDLEBURG, p-v., Loudon CO., Va., 134 n. Richmond, 47 W. MiDDLEBURG, p-v., Hardiman co., Tenn., 169 .s. w. by w. Nashville, 854 W. It contains 1 church and several dwellings. MiDDLEBURG, p-v., Casey co., Ky., 61 s. Frank- fort, 575 W. MiDDLEBURG, t, Cuyahoga co., O. Watered by the e. branch of Rocky r., which affords wa- ter power, by Baldwin's cr., and the outlet of a pond called Lake Abraham, near the centre of the t. It contains the v. of Berea, where is a manual labor literary institution. It has 1 fur- nace. 1 flouring m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,060. 4 sch. 83 scholars. Pop. 399. MiDDLEBURG, p-v., Zanc t.. Logan co., O SiU MID 404 MID uated between 2 head streams of Big Darby cr., and contains 4 churches — 1 Episcopal, 1 Method- ist, 1 Protestant Metiiodist, and 1 Christian — 3 stores, a steam saw m., 1 printing office, issuing a weekly newspaper, 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. MiDDLKBURY, p-t., capital of Addison co.,Vt., 33 s. s. E. Burlington, 59 s. w. Montpelier, 481 W. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil, a fertile clay loam. Watered by Otter Creek r., which affords extensive water power. Chartered in 1761. The V. is situated at the falls on both sides of Otter cr., is irregularly laid out, but handsome- ly built, and contains a court house, jail, 5 church- es — 1 Congregational, 1 Episcopal, 1 3Iethodist, 1 Baptist, and 1 Roman Catholic — a bank, and is one of the most extensive manufacturing places in the state. Here is a marble quarry, on the bank of the creek, which affords some of the finest statuary marble, and is extensively wrought for various purposes. It Is the seat of Middlebury College, which was founded in hSOO, has a presi- dent and 7 professors, or other instructors ; has had 75S alumni, of whom 245 have been minis- ters of the gospel ; has 53 students, (in 1842,) and 7,054 vols, in its libraries. The commencement is on the third Wednesday in August. The col- lege edifices are 2, one of them of stone, 106 feet long, 40 feet wide, and 4 stories high, containing 48 rooms for students. There are in the t. 16 stores, cap. $55,700 ; 6 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 3,860 sp., 2 tanneries, 1 furnace, 1 forge, 2 printing offices, 1 bindery, 2 weekly newspapers, and 1 periodical, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. m manufac. $172,7(X). 1 college, 62 students, 2 acad. 70 students, 12 sch. 400 scholars. Pop. 3,162. MiDDLEBURV, p-t.. Ncw llavcn CO., Ct., 52 w. s. w. Hartford, 310 W. The surface is hilly and rough ; .soil, a coarse gravelly loam. Watered by branches of Naugatuck r., and by Quassepaug pond, the outlet of which affords water power, and Hows into Housatonic river. Incorporated in 1807. It has 1 Congregational ist and 1 Methodist church. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,725 ; 1 tannery, 3 distilleries, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $22,615. 1 academy 22 students, 6 sch. 138 scholars. Pop. 761. MiDDLEnuRV, p-t., Wyoming co., N. T., 247 w. Albany, 365 W. The surface is rolling ; soil, a fer- tile sandy and clay loam. Drained by Allen's cr., and a tributary of Tonawanda cr. It has 5 stores, cap. $1,800; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $22,000. 1 acad. 300 students, 23 sch. 1,154 scholars. Pop. 2,445. iMiDDi.EBURV, t., Tioga CO., Pa. It has 1 tan- nery, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $10,550. 7 sch. 158 scholars. Pop. 725. MiDDLEBURV, p-v., Talmadge t.. Summit co., O., 125 N. E. Columbus, 320 W. Situated on both sides of I/ittle Cuyahoga r., which affords good water power. It contains 1 Presbyterian church, an a(-ademy, 7 stores, 2 flouring ra., ] machine shop, 2 wool carding and cloth dres.sing fac, 1 sash fac, 1 cabinet and chair Cic, and vari- ous other mechanic shops. 3IiDDLEiii'Rv, t., Knox CO., O. It is fertile and well settled. It has 8 sch. 233 scholars. Pop. 1,001. Mm)DI,ebiirv, p-v., Elkhart co., la., 162 n. In- dianapolis, 5'J3 \V . Middle Creek, p-t., Union co.. Pa. It has 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,000. Pop. 362. Middle Creek, p-c, Monroe co., 0., 113 e. Colurobu.s, 302 W. Middle Fabius, p-c, Adair co., Mo. Middlefield, p-t., Hampshire co., Mass., 124 w. Boston, 3S8 W. The surlate is elevated ; soil, well adapted to grazing. Watered by a branch of Westfield river. Incorporated in 1783. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap, s7,5lX) ; 6 full- ing m., 2 woollen factories, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $31,600. 9 sch. 246 scholars. Pop. 1,717. Middlefield, p-t., Otsego co., N. Y., 64 w. Albany, 387 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, sandy calcareous loam. Bounded on the w. by Otsego lake and outlet ; on the E. by Cherry Valley cr. It has 7 stores, cap. $15,300; 3 fulling m., 4 tan- neries, 2 distilleries, 5 grist m., 18 saw ra., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $121,340. 2 acad. 58 students, 17 sch. 820 scholars. Pop. 3,319. 3Iiddlefield, p-o., Batavia t., Geauga co., O., 169 K. e. Columbus, 328 W. Middlefield Ce.ntre, p-o., Middlefield t., Otsego CO., N. v., 62 w. Albany, 373 W. Middleford, p-v., Sussex co., Del., 43 s. Do- ver, 120 W. 31 1 dole Fork, p-o., Clinton co., la., 48 n. n. w. Indianapolis, 606 W. Middle Fork, p-o., Vermilion co.. 111. 3I1DDLE Fork, p-t., IMacon co., Mo., 92 .\. by w. Jefferson City. It has 1 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 535. Middle Granville, p-v., Granville t., Wash- ington CO., N. Y., 65 N. N. E. Albany, 435 W. It contains 2 Presbyterian churches, 3 stores, 1 cotr ton factory, 1 grist m., 1 tannery, and about 50 dwellings. Middle Grove, p-o., Fulton co.. 111., 53 n. w. Springfield, 813 W, Middle Grove, p-o,, Monroe co., Mo., 84 n. Jefferson City, 947 W, 3I1DDLE Haddam, p-v,,Chathamt., Middlesex CO., Ct., 21 s. s. E. Hartford, 333 W. Situated on the E. side of Connecticut r. Middle Hope, p-o., Newburgh t,. Orange co,, N, Y., 88 s. by w. Albany, 290 W. Middle Island, p-v., Brookhaven t., Suffolk CO., N. v., 211 s. s. E, Albany, 285 W^. It has a Methodist church and 12 or 15 dwellings. Middle Mountain, p-o., Botetourt co., Va., 192 w. Richmond, 242 W. 3I1DDLEPORT, p-v., Royalton t., Niagara co., N. Y., 285 w. by n. Albany, 400 W. Situated on the Erie canal, and contains 2 churches, 9 stores, 3 warehouses, 2 flouring m., 1 furnace, 2 tanneries, 1 clothier's works, 65 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants, MiDDi.EPORT, p-v., Schuylkill co.. Pa., 71 n. E. Harrisburg, 181 W. It contains 2 stores, and 20 or 30 dwellings, inhabited chiefly by persons connected with the coal mines in the vicinity. 3I1DDLEP0RT, p-v., Elkhart co., la., 157 n. In- dianapolis, 608 W. 3I1DDLEPORT, p-v., Iroquois co., HI., 192 n. e. Springfield, 694 W. 3I1DDLE River, p-o., Franklin co., Ga., 120 w. Millcdgeville,606 W, 3I1DDLESEX, county, Mass. Situated in the e, part of the state, and contains 800 sq. ms. The surface is uneven ; soil, various. Watered by Merrimac, Charles, Mystic, Sudburj', Concord, and Nashua rivers. The Middlesex canal passes through the n. e. part. Capitals, Concord, Cam- bridge, and Lowell. There were in 1840, neat cattle 33,706, sheep 8,351, swine 20,591; wheat 9,5t)2 bush, produced, rye 61,105, Ind. corn 230,473, buckwheat 5,974, barley 2S,539, oats 86,021, po- tatoes 741,851 ; 13 houses in foreign trade, capital $165,000; 553 stores, cap. $l,38i,400 ; 23 lumber yards, cap. $230,000 ; 2 furnaces, 36 forges, 7 ful- ling m., 18 woollen fac, 35 cotton fac. Is9,664 sp., 34 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 1 brewery, 4 powder m., 5 potteries. 2 flouring m., 98 grist m., 141 saw MID 405 MID m., 2 oil m., 13 paper fac, 13 printing offices, 12 binderies, 6 periodicals, 8 weekly, 2 semi-weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. !S12,215,055. 1 college, 341 students, 44 acad. 4,014 students, 389 sell. 24,876 scholars. Pop. 106,611. Middlesex, county, Ct. Centrally situated toward the s. part of the state, and contains 342 sq. ms. Watered by Connecticut r., vvhich runs centrally through it, and small tributaries which enter it. The river affords great facilities for navigation, and the small tributaries furnish wa- ter power. The surface is uneven ; soil, general- ly good, particularly on the r. Capitals, Middle- town and Haddam. There were in 1840, neat cattle 15,667, sheep 14,758, swine 8,494 ; wheat 5,463 bushels produced, rye 54,224, Indian corn 103,920, buckwheat 9,169, barley 941, oats 40,028, potatoes 181,673; 105 stores, cap. $508,846; 7 lumber yards, cap. $62,000 ; 8 fulling m., 1 wool- len fac, 8 cotton fac. 7,646 sp., 1 dyehig and print- ing estab., 15 tanneries, 1 powder m., 23 grist m., 42 saw m., 4 printing offices, 1 bindery, 1 period- ical, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $871,354. 1 college, 147 students, 7 acad. 32S students, 123 sch. 5,225 scholars. Pop. 24.879. Middlesex, county, N. J. Situated near the centre of the state, and contains 339 sq. ms. The surface on the s. e. is level, on the N. and n. e. it is undulating. The soil is various, from a light sand to a strong clay, and in some parts highly cultivated. Watered by Raritan river and its branches. Millstone r. and Railway r. R.aritan bay forms an excellent harbor, communicating directly with the ocean, and with New York, through Staten Island sound. Capital, New Brunswick. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,932, sheep 8.310, swine 11,653 ; wheat 35,933 bush, produced, rye 60,726, Ind. corn 194,474, buckwheat 42,231, barley 1,519, oats 185,730, po- tatoes 86,965 ; 136 stores, cap. $412,500; 5 lum- ber yards, cap. $32,000 ; 1 cotton fac, 6 tanne- ries, 15 distilleries, 3 potteries, 1 flouring m., 21 grist m., 20 saw m., 2 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 2 binderies, 1 daily, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $441,900. 3 acad. 113 students. 70 sch. 2,340 scholars. Pop. 21,893. Middlesex, county, Va. Situated in the e. Cart of the state, and contains 170 sq. ms. It lies etween the Rappahannock and Piankatank riv- ers, with Chesapeake bay on the e. Capital, Urbanna. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,638, sheep 2,603, swine 6,801 ; wheat 17,027 bushels produced, rye 1,143, Indian corn 122,145, oats 21,07-<, potatoes 7,527, tobacco 1,350 pounds, cot- ton 2,620 ; 14 stores, cap. $25,600; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 11 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac $2S,925. 10 sch. 202 scholars. Pop. whites 2,041, slaves 2,209, free col'd 142? total, 4,392. Middlesex, p-t., Washington co., Vt., 6 n. e. Montpelier. It is bounded on the s. w. by Onion river, by the n. branch of which it is watered. The surface is uneven, and the soil, particularly along the streams, is fertile. Between the t. and Moretown, Onion r. passes through a rocky chasm, with perpendicular walls, 30 feet deep, 60 feet wide, and 80 rods long, across which a bridge is thrown. It is a curiosity. The v. is on the s. line of the t., on Onion r., and contains a church, a store, and several mills and manufactories. The t. has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in inaiiufec. $4,900. 12 sch. 487 scholars. Pop. 1,270. Middlesex, p-t., Yates co., N. Y., 194 w. Al- Oany, 3.;3 W. The surface is slightly hilly ; soil, a fertile gravelly loam, well adapted to grain. Drained by West cr., flowing into Canandaigua lake, wiiich bounds it on the w. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,550. 12 sch. 610 scholars. Pop. 1,439. MiDDLEStx, t., Butler co.. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 1 fulling m., 5 grist m., 3 saw mills. Cap. in manufac. $11,825. 9 sch. 345 scholars. Pop. 1,692. Middlesex, p-o., Ashtabula co., O., 206 n. e. Columbus, 343 W. Middlesex Village, p-v., Middlesex co., iMass., 23 Boston, 441 W. Middle Smitiifield, t., Monroe co., Pa. It has 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Pop. 1,144. Middle Sprino, p-o., Marion co., O., 54 n. Columbus, 428 W. Middle Swamp, p-o.. Gates co., N. C, 133 e. N. e. Raleigh, 234 W. Middleton, p-t., Strafford co., N. H., 38 n. n. E. Concord, 519 W. The surface is level, but rough. Incorporated in 1778. It has 1 store, cap. .$1,000; 1 tannery. Cap. in manufac. $1,500. 4 sch. 155 scholars. Pop. 432. Middleton, p-t., Essex co., Mass., 22 n. Bos- ton, 462 W. Situated on both sides of Ipswich r., which affords water power. Incorporated in 1728. It has a paper m., which has manufactured 100 tons of stock in a year, producing to the amount of $35,000. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac. Cap. in manufac. $10,000. 4 sch. 200 scholars. Pop. 657. Middleton, t.. Wood co., O. It has 1 sch. 54 scholars. Pop. 193. Middleton, p-v., Carroll co., Miss., 102 n. Jackson, 987 W. Middleton, p-v.. White co., Ark., 62 n. e. Little Rock, 1,083 W. MiDDLETOWN, p-t., Rutland co., Vt., 77s. s. w. Montpelier, 441 W. Situated between 2 moun- tains. Watered by Poultney r., which affords water power. The soil is adapted to grazing. The v. at the centre contains a Congregational and a Baptist church, several stores, and a num- ber of neat dwellings. The t. has 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,075. 9 sch. 333 scholars. Pop. 1,077. MiDDLETOWN, t., Newport co., R. I., 23 s. by E. Providence. It is the middle of the 3 town- ships into which Rhode Island is divided. The surface is undulating ; soil, a fertile loam, and highly cultivated. Incorporated in 1743. It has 2 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $1,800. 5 sch. 148 scholars. Pop. 891. MiDDLETOWN, city, p-t., port of entry, and semi-capital of Middlesex co., Ct., is pleasantly situated on the w. bank of Connecticut r., 34 ms above its mouth, in 41° 33' 8" n. lat., and 72° 39 w. Ion., 14 s. Hartford, 24 n. e. New Haven, 33 N. w. New London, 326 W. Pop. 1820, 2,618, including the t. 6,479 ; 1830, 2,965, including the t. 6,892 ; 1840, 3,511, including the t. 7,010. The ground rises gradually from the river, and the principal streets run parallel with it, and are crossed by others running at right angles with them. Main-street, the principal street, is broad, and has many fine houses and stores. The city is well built, chiefly of brick, and in the back parts are many elevated and fine situations, with a commanding view of the river and surrounding country. It is at the head of ship navigation, and any vessels which can cross thebarat the mouih of the river, can come up to its wharves, which have 10 feet water. It has a daily communica- tion with Hartford and the city of New York by steamboats. A ferry boat connects the city with Chatham. Its public buildings are a handsome court house of Grecian architecture, a fine stone custom house, 2 banks, besides one for savings, a jail, an almshouse, and 7 churches— 2 Congrega- MID 406 MTD lional, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, 1 Uni- vpr:<;ilist, and 1 African. It is the seat of the W'csliyan University, under the direction of the Mfiliodists, founded in 1831. It lias a president and 8 professors or tutors, 110 alumni, 80 students, and CtyMO vols, in its libraries. The commence- ment is on the first Thursday in August. The I'ollege building.s occupy an elevated position, and command an extensive prospect. The insli- liiti(m has a valuable philosophical apparatus, and is nourishing. The t. extends 9 ms. from .\. to s., and is from 4 to 10 broad. It was settled in 1636. It rests ciiipdy on secondary red sandstone. A range of granite crosses Connecticut r. a little below, and Ibrms the basis of a range of high hills. To the north of the city is a village called iVIiddletown Upper Houses. 3IiddlPtown has considerable commerce and manufactures. There were in 18 10, 37 stores, cap. ,S26'J,.0OO ; 3 lumber yards, cap. §40,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 col- ton fac. 11,000 sp., 1 dyeing and printing estab., •J tanneries, 1 powder m., 2 grist m., 5 saw m., 1 rope walk, 4 printing oflices, 1 bindery, 2 weekly newspapers, 1 periodical. Capital in manufac. Sy7'J,000. 3 acad. 1 1.5 students, 33 sch. 1 ,268 scho- lars. Tonnage of the [lort, 14,230. .Mii>ni,ETow.\, p-t., Delaware co., N. Y., 79w. s. w. Albany, 33.5 W. The surface is mountain- ous ; soil, a sandy loam, and productive. Drained by Papacton branch of Delaware r. It has 8 stores, cap. §16,300 ; 2 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 7 grist m., 19 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $38,260. JJJ sch. 7.54 scholars. Pop. 2,608. MiDDLETowN, v., Orange county, N .Y. (See South 3Iiddletown.) MiuoLETow.N, p-t., Monmouth co., N. J., 51 e. N. K. Trenton, 220 W. The surface on the e., and in the centre, is hilly, elsewhere level. The soil is loam, sand, and clay, made productive by Jhe use of marl. Sandy Hook bay runs s. into the t., and is bounded s. w. by the highlands of Nevisink, and on the e. by the .sand beach form- ing Sandy Hook, extending 6 ms. n. from Shrews- bury inlet. Drained by Swimming and Nevisink fivers. The v. contains 3 churches — 1 Episcopal, 1 Dutch Reformed, and 1 Baptist — 2 stores, and 30 dwellings, some of them very neat. There are in the t. 33 stores, cap. $48,823 ; 3 lumber yards, cap. .§2,900 ; 2 fulling in., 3 tanmeries, 8 distilleries, 11 grist m., 6 saw rn. Cap. in manu- fac. $63,250. 1 acad. 60 students, 19 sch. 1,239 scholars. Pop. 6,063. MiuDLETovvN, p-b., Swatara t., Dauphin co.. Pa., 10 s. E. Ilarrisbiirg, 120 W. Situated near the junction of Swatara and Susquehanna rivers, where the Pennsylvania and Union canals unite. Incorporated in 1829. It contains 2 churches, 7 stores, and 200 dwellings. It has several neal dwellings,and line storeys. Its trade is considera- ble in grain, flour, lumber, coal, and iron. MiODLETowN, t., Bucks CO., Pa., 20 n. n. e. Philadelphia. The surliice is rolling; soil, clay. Watered by iNeshaminy cr., which forms its w. boundary, a tributary of which passes through the t., ami Bristol creek, it has 4 stores, capiliil $13,000; 1 acad. 27 students, 2 sell. 17 scholars. Pop. 2,124. MiDULETOWN, t., Delaware co., Pa., 20 w. Philadelphia. The surface is level ; soil, day and loam. Chester cr. runs on its w. boundary, and Ridley cr. on its e. border. It has 3 stores, cap. .§9,300; 2 fulling in., 1 woollen tiic, 4 cuilun fac. 4,800 sp., 2 grist in., 3 saw in. Cap. in man- ufac. $95,.300. 5 sch. 126 s.holars. Pop. 1,4.')1. MiDDLETOWN, t., Susqucliauna CO., Pa. Drain- ed by VVyulusiug cr. uad its branches. The sur face is hilly ; soil, gravel and clay. It has 1 tan- nery, 1 saw m. Cap. in inanulac. $1,850. 7 sell. 140 scholars. Pop. 3S9. 3I10ULETOVVN, p-v., N'ew Castle co., Del., 47 N. Dover, 121 W. Situated upon AppoquiniminU creek. MiDDLETOWN. pv., Frederick co., Md., 8 x. w. by w. Frederick, 83 n. w. Annapolis, 51 W. Situated on 3Iiddle cr., a branch of Caloctin cr. MiDDLETOW.v, p-v., Frederick co., Va., 158 .v. N. w. Richmond, 87 W. Situated on 3Ieadow run, upon which are several mills. It contains 2 churches, 5 stores, an academy, and about 400 inhabitants, many of whom are employed in the manufacture of wagons. iAIiDDLETOw.v, p-v., Hydc CO., N. C, 219e. by s. Raleigh, 404 W. MiDDLETOWN, p-v., Butler co., Ala., 162 s. s. E.Tuscaloosa, 90 ± W. MiDDLETOWN, p-v.. Leuiou t,, Butler CO., O., 30 N. Cincinnati, 90 w. s. w. Columbus, 480 W. Situated on the E. side of 31iami r. The Mi- ami canal passes through the place. It contains 3 churches, 11 stores, 2 pork houses. 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 1 academy, 150 dwellings, and about 1,000 inhabitants. There is here a toll bridge across the r. MiDDLETOWN v., Butler t., Columbiana co., O. Pop. 27. MiDDLETOWN, t., Columbiana co., O. It has 7 sch. 147 scholars. Pop. 1,601. MiDDLETOWN, p-v., Jefferson co., Ky., 42 w. Frankfort, 584 W. It contains 1 churcli, and about 200 inhabitants. JMiDDLETOWN, p-v., Henry co., la., 41 e. by n. Indianapolis, 546 W. Situated on the w. side of Fall cr. 3IiDDLET0w.\, t., Shelby co., la. It has 2 stores, cap. $400. Cap. in manufac. $710. Pop. 70. 3IiDi)LETowN, p-v., Logan co.. 111., 20 n. k. Springfield, 792 W. iMiDDLETOWN, p-v., 3Iontgomery co., 3Io., .57 N. E. Jefferson City, 899 W. 3I1DDLETOWN Point, p-v., port of delivery, Middletown t., Monmouth co., N. J., 43 e. by n. Tn^nton, 209 VV. Situateil on Middlelown cr., 3 miles from Raritan bay, on an elevated bank, 30 feet above the stream. It contains a Presbyte- rian church, a bank, 10 stores, and about 100 dwellings, many of them neat. It has consider- able trade. 3IiDi)LEViLLE, p-v., Fairfield t., Herkimer co., N. v., 82 w. N. w. Albany, 401 W. Situaied ou both sides of West Canada cr. It contains 1 church, 3 stores, 2 cotton fac, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 cabinet and chair fac, 50 dwellings, and about 3'JO inhabitants. ."MiDDLEviLLE, p-o., Barry co., 3Iich., 154 w. by n. Detroit, 619 W. 31 1 DOLE WAV, p-v., Jefferson co., Va., 162 n. by w. Richmond, 72 W. 3I1DLANI), county, 3Iich. Situated in the n. e. part of the settled portion of the peninsula, on Saginaw bay, and contains 560 sq. ms. Water- ed l)y Tiiibavvassee r., and Chip|)evva r., its trib- utary, which receives Fine r. from the s. Capital, 3Iidla.id. 3I1D RivEU, p-o., Caroline co., Va., 57 n. Rich- mond, 76 W. 3I1DVVAV, p-o., Davidson co., N. C, 119 w. Raleigli, 330 W. 3I1DWAV, p-v., Barnwell dist., S. C, 72 s. s. w. Columbia, 378 W. 31 1 1) WAV, p-v., Jones co., Ga., 22 w. 3Iilledge- ville, 657 W. 3Iu)WAV, ji-v., Blonroe co., Tenn., 164 e. s. e Nashville, 514 W. MIF 407 MIL Midway, p-v., Woodford co., Ky., 20 s. e. Frankfort, 542 W. Midway, p-o., Spencer co., la., 172 s. s. w. Indianapolis, 699 W. Midway, p-v., Barbour co., Ala., 199 s. e. Tus- caloosa, 807 W. Midway Inn, p-o.. Prince Edward co., Va., 85 w. s. w. Richmond, 175 W. MiFFi.iN, county. Pa. Situated near the cen- tre of the state, and contains 900 sq. miles. The surface is uneven and mountainous, hut much of the soil is very fertile. Watered by Juniata r., along which proceeds the Pennsylvania canal. Capital, Lewiston. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,933, sheep 11,323, swine 15,002; wiieat 307,696 bush, produced, rye 47,166, Indian corn 189,451, buckwheat 8,619, oats 227,321, potatoes 51,499; 47 stores, cap. $226,800 ; 4 furnaces, 2 forges, 2 fulling ni., 5 woollen fac, 14 tanneries, 5 dii-tilleries, 1 brewery, 2 printing offices, 1 weekly newspaper, 24 grist m., 61 saw in Cap. in manufac. $227,865. Pop. 13,092. Mifflin, t., Lycoming co., Pa. It has 1 dis- tillery, 1 pottery, 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,100. 5 sch. 445 scholars. Pop. 1,224. Mifflin, t., Alleghany co., Pa., 8 s. Pittsburg. Bounded on the n. e. and s. E. by the Mononga- hela r. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam. Drained by Thompson's run, Strut's run, and Peters cr., which flow uUo the Monongahela. It has 5 stores, cap. $3,500 ; 4 distilleries, 4 flouring m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,900. 5 sch. 180 scholars. Pop. 1,654. AIiffli.v, t., Cumberland co.. Pa., 17 n. w. Carlisle. The surface is hilly ; soil, slaty. The (^onedogwinit cr. bounds it on the s., and Blue mountams on the n. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,900. 8 sch. 310 scholars. Pop. 1,412. Mifflin, t., Columbia co., Pa. It has 5 stores, cap. $26,300 ; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $13,478. 5 sch. 148 scholars. Pop. 2,150. Mifflin, t., Dauphin co.. Pa., 23 n. e. Harris- burg. The surface is mountainous on the n. and s. ; soil, red shale. Mahantango mountain bounds it N., and Berry's mountain s. Watered by Wi- conisco cr. It contains a Lutheran church. It has 7 stores, cap. $24,000 ; 1 fulling m., 3 tanner- ies, 1 pottery, 5 flouring m., 1 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $29,755. 7 sch. 230 scholars. Pop. 1,781. Miffli.n, p-t., Richland co., O., 5 e. Mansfield, 72 N. by E. Columbus, 369 W. The soil is fer- tile, and well cultivated. Pop. 1,800. Mifflin, t., Franklin co., O. The soil is va- rious. Organized in 1811. It has 2 schools 40 scholars. Pop. 825. Mifflin, t, Crawford co., O. It has 3 sch. 98 scholars. Pop. 316. Mifflin, t.. Pike co., O. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $240. 2 sch. 61 schol- ars. Pop. 666. Mifflin, p-v., Henderson co., Tenn., 133 w. s. w. Nashville, 817 W. MiFFLiNSBURG, p-b., Buffalo t., Union co., Pa., 76 N. Harrisburg, 186 W. Situated on the s. side of Buffalo cr., and contains 2 churches — 1 Luther- an and 1 Methodist — 5 stores, 90 dwellings, and about 550 inhabitants. Incorporated in 18v!7. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. $35,000 ; 2 tan- neries, 2 breweries, 2 potteries. Cap. in manu- fac. $9,500. 1 acad. 25 students, 3 sch. 180 schol- ars. Pop. 704. MiFFLiNTOWN, p-b., Fermanagh t., capital of Juniata co., Pa., 45 n. w. llarrisbuig, 136 W. Situated on the e. bank of Juniata r., and on the Pennsylvania canal. It contains 1 IMethodist church, several stores, 1 academy, 2 schools 120 scholars. Pop. 420. MiFFLiNviLLE, p-v., Mifflin t., Columbia co., Pa., 103 N. N. E. Harrisburg, 213 W. Situated on the s. e. side of Susquehanna r., and contains 1 Lutheran and 1 Methodist church, 2 stores, and 20 dwellings. MiKE.N'AUK, county, Mich., a central northern CO. It contains 576 sq. ms. It has 2 lakes, the outlets of which form the Maskegon river. The head waters of the Au Sable also rise in this co (It is unorganized.) Milan, p-t., Coos co., N. H., 118 n. by e. Con- cord, 587 W. The surface is uneven. Watered by Androscoggin r., and a branch of Upper Am- monoosuc r. Chartered in 1771. It has 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,400. 6 sch. 151 scholars. Pop. 3,-<6. MiLA.N, p-t., Dutchess co., N. Y., 62 s. Albany, 322 W. The surface is liilly ; soil, clay and gravelly loam. Drained by a branch of Roeliff Jausen's cr. and Sawkill cr. It has 5 store.s, cap. $ll,5t)0 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 5 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,500. 5 sch. 366 schol- ars. Pop. 1,725. Milan, p-o., Bradford co.. Pa., 149 n. Harris- burg, 259 W. Milan, p-t., Erie co., O., 103 n. Columbus, 396 W. Situated on Huron r. The v. is on the s. e. bank of the r., 8 ms. from Lake Erie, on a bluff 60 or 70 feet above the r., on the site of an old Indian town. A ship canal is constructed to near the mouth of Huron r., 8 miles, by which vessels can come to the v. It contains a brick church, ijn academy, 10 stores, 2 saw m., 1 grist m., 1 oil m., 1 carding machine and fulling m., various mechanic shops, and about 800 inhabiumts. There are in the t. 11 sch. 608 scholars. Pop. 1,531. Milan, p-t., Monroe co., Mich., .50 s. w. De- troit, 507 W. Watered by Saline and Macon rivers. It has 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $2,900. 1 sch. 28 scholars. Pop. 363. Milan, p-v., Garrard co., Ky., 52 s. s. e. Frank- fort, 550 W. ]>IiLAN, p-t., Calhoun co.. 111., 94 s. w. Spring- field, 835 VV. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000. Cap. in manufac. $325. Pop. 296. MiLiiuRNTON, p-o., Greene co., Tenn., 276 e. Nashville, 425 W. MiLEURY, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 6 s. E. Worcester, 43 w. by s. Boston, 403 W. The surface is elevated : soil, fertile. Incorporated in 1813. Watered by Blackstone r., along which passes the Blackstone canal. A branch of the Boston and Worcester railroad extends to this place. It has 5 churches — 3 Congregational, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — and 3 villages. It con- tains 5 stores, cap. $25,000 ; 11 fulling m., 5 wool- len fac, 3 cotton fac. 4,960 sp., 1 tannery, 1 paper fac, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $261,600. 1 acad. 45 students, 10 sch. 462 schol- ars. Pop. 2,171. MiLBURY, p-v.. Centre co., Pa., 87 n. w. Har- risburg, 179 W. Miles, t.. Centre co.. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. .$6,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 4 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,500. 7 sch. 210 schol- ars. Pop. 1,198. MiLESTOSvv, p-v., Bristol t., Philadelphia co., Pa., 101 e. by s. Hariisburg, 144 W. Pleasantly situated on a gentle hill, and contains 2 stores, and about 30 dwellings. MiLFoiiD, p-t., Penobscot co.. Me., 82 n. e. Augusta, 677 W Situated on the e. side of Pe- MIL 408 MIL tiobscot r., opposite to Orono. Watered by Sunk- haze r., vvhicli flows into the Penobscot. It has 7 stores, cap. $18,000; 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 24 saw m., 3 sch. 144 scholars. Pop. 474. MiLFORD, p-t., Hillsboro' co., N. H., 33 s. by w. Concord, 458 W. Situated on both sides of Souhegan r., whicli aflx>rds water power, and on which is ricii bottom land. It has 4 stores, cap. $10,000; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 grist ni., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $"22,20 J. 11 sch. 3G7 scholars. Pop. 1,455. MiLFORD, p-t., VVorce.ster co., Mass., 3i) s. w. by w. Boston, 409 W. The surface is diversifieti : soil, generally fertile. Watered by Charles and Mill rivers. Incorporated in 1783. It has 8 stores, cap. $12,600 ; 1 woollen fac, 5 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $55,500. 1 acad. 22 students, 5 sch. 165 scholars. Pop. 1,773. MiLFORD, p-t., New Haven co., Ct., 45 s. s. w. Hartford, 291 W. The surfece is level, or slightly uneven ; soW, productive. Housalonic r. bounds it on the w., and Long Island sound on the s. Watered by Wepawaug r., which affords water power. The harbor is shallow, but admits vessels of 200 tons. Excellent oysters and clams are taken on the coast. Beautiful serpentine marble is found here. The v. contains 4 church- es, several stores, and about 100 dwellings, many of them neat and handsome. The Wash- ington bridge across the Housalonic connects this place with Stratford. It has a draw, to ad- mit vessels which navigate to Derby. There are in the t. 11 stores, cap. $16,500; 1 lumber yard, cap. ,$2,000 ; 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $330,050. 2 acad. 32 stu- dents, 14 sch. 764 scholars. Pop. 2,455. MiLFORD, p-t., Otsego CO., N. Y., 13 s. Coopers- town, 77 w. Albany, 365 W. Tlie surface is hilly and broken ; soil, in the valleys, a fertile loam, with some alluvion. Drained by Susque- hanna r. and its tributaries. The v. is situated on a plam, and contains I Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 6 stores, 2 tanneries, I saw m., 1 fulling m., 40 dwellings, and about 250 itdiabit- ants. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $4,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fao., 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,850. 12 Bch. 550 scholars. Pop. 2,095. MiLFORD, p-v., Alexandria t., Hunterdon co., N.J., 39 N. w. Trenton, 196 W. Situated on the E. side of Delaware r., at the entrance of a small cr. It contains a Presbyterian, and a Christian or Unitarian church, which admits fe- males to participate in the ministry. MiLFORD, p-t., capital of Pike co.. Pa., 162 n. E. by E. Harrisburg, 256 W. The v. is situated on the w. side of Delaware r., on a commanding eminence. A fine bridge here crosses the r. It contains 2 churtdies, and an academy. There are in the t. 1 acad. 46 students, 1 sch. 36 schol- ars. Pop. 648. MiLFORD, t., Bucks CO., Pa., 36 n. w. Philadel- phia. The surface is rolling ; soil, gravel and clay. Drained by Swamp cr., a branch of Per- kiomen cr. It contains the v. of Charleston, where is a church. It has 7 stores, cap. $24,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 4 potteries, 10 grist m., 10 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. m manufac. $8,850. 2 sch. 47 scholars. Pop. 2,193. MiLFORD, t., Juniata co.. Pa. Situated on the south side of Juniata r. It has 1 acad. 30 stu- dents, 10 sch. 423 scholars. Pop. 1,824. MiLFORD, t., Somerset Co., Pa., 7 s. w. Somer- set. Drained by Castleman's r. and its tributa- ries, and Laurel Hill cr. Iron ore and stone coal are abundantly found. It has 3 stores, cap. $16,000 ; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 2 potteries, 5 grist m., 15 saw m., 1 oil lu. Cap. in manufac. $6,500. 1 sch. 24 scholars. Pop. 1,632. 3I1LFORD, p-v., and hundred, Kent co., Del., 95 s. Philadelphia, 21 .s. by e. Dover, 129 W. Situated on the n. side of Mispillon cr., w^hich enters Delaware bay. There an; in the hundred, 13 stores, cap. $6,993; 2 tanneries, 6 grist in., 3 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $24,000. 2 acad. 6.5 students, 6 schools, 331 scholars. Population, 2,356. MiLFORD, p-v., Warren co., Va. MiLFORD, p-v., Greenville dist., S. C, 119 N. w. by w. Columbia, 491 W. Mflford, p-v., Bracken co., Ky., 54 N. E. Frankfort, 499 W. Situated on a branch of Licking r. MiLFORD, p-v., Miami t., Clermont co., O., 112 s. w. Columbus, 4S4 W. Situated on Little 3Iiami r. It contains 1 Methodist E])iscopal church, 7 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 card- ing and fulling ra., 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 1 tan- nery, various mechanic shops, 80 dwellings, and about 500 inhabitants. MiLFORD, t., Butler co., O. It has 10 sch. 515 scholars. Pop. 1,865. MiLFORD, t., Knox CO., O. The surface is level ; soil, fertile. Pop. 1,158. MiLFORD, p-t., Oalvland co., Mich., 41 n. w. Detroit, 565 W. It has 6 stores, cap. $12,750 ; 2 flour m., 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,320. 4 sch. 12a scholars. Pop. 830. MiLFORD, t., Williams co., O. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw ni. Cap. in manufac. $5,000. 3 sch. 59 scholars. Pop. 175. MiLFORD, p-o., Kosciusko CO., la., 139 n. In- dianapolis, 616 W. MiLFORD, t.. La Grange co., la. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 1 sch. 30 schol- ars. Pop. 298. MiLFORD, p-o., Iroquois co., 111., 163 n. e. Springfield, 694 W. 3I1LFORD Centre, p-o., Milford t., Otsego co., N. v., 77 w. Albany, 359 W. MiLFORD Centre, p-o.. Union t.. Union co., O., 32 N. vv. Columbus, 425 W. The t. has 1 sch. 82 scholars. Pop. 201. Military Grove, p-o., Burke co., N. C, 220 w. Raleigh, 440 W. Military Road, p-o., Tlieresa t., JefTersoix CO., iN. Y., 179 N. w. Albany, 431 W. MiLLARDSviLLE, p-v., Susquehanna co., Pa^ 162 N. N. E. Harrisburg, 270 W. Mill, t., Tuscarawas co., O. It has 3 stores, cap. $19,2l)0; 2 com. houses, cap. $10,000; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in iiiaiiufac. $13,100. 7 sch. 394 scholars. Pop. 1,225. Mill Bayou, p-o., Mississippi Co., Ark. Millsborough Springs, p-o., Bath co., Va., 162 w. N. w. Richmond, 202 W. 3I1LLBR00K, p-o., Litchfield co., Ct., 31 w. Hartford, 349 W. MiLLBURV, t., Worcester co., Mass., 43 w. s. w. Boston. The surface is hilly ; soil, fertile. Drained by branches of Blackstone r. The Blackstone canal passes through it. Incorpora- ted in 1813. It contains a bank and 5 churches — 3 Congregational and 1 Baptist. It has 5 stores, cap. ,$25,000; 11 fulling m., 5 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 paper fac, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $261,600. 1 acad. 45 students, 10 sch. 462 scholars. Pop. 2,171. MiLLBROOK, p-v., Clinton I., Wayne co., 0., 98 N. E. Columbus, 350 W. It contains 2 stores, 30 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. MiLLBURN, p-v., Hickman co., Ky. MIL 409 MIL Mill Creek, po., Huntington co., Pa., 87 Hanisburg, 145 W. Mill Cheek, hundred. New Castle co., Del. It has 3 sch. 143 scholars. Pop. 3,144. Mill Ckeek, t., Erie co.. Pa. It has I fulling m., 2 breweries, 3 grist m., 17 saw m., 15 sch. 45 i scholars. Pop. ■2,6:J2. Mill Creek, p-c, Berkley co., Va., 159 n. Richmond, 83 W. Mill Creek, p-v.. Person co., N. C. Mill Creek, p-t., Coshocton co., O., 93 n. e. Columbus, 318 W. It has 1 tannery. Cap. in manul'ac. $253. 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 'J07. Mill Creek, t., Hamilton co., O. It contains 1 college, 32 students, 1 acad. 123 students, 9 sch. 169 scholars. Pop. 6,2 i9. Mill Creek, t.. Union co., O. Much of the soil is very fertile. It has 3 sch. 57 scholars. Pop. 523. Mill Creek, t., Williams co., O. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $700. 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 109. Mill Creek, po., Madison co., la., 44 n. e. Indianapolis, 513 W. Mill Creek, p-o., Alexander co.. 111., 207 s. Springfield, 841 VV. Mill Creek, p-o., Ripley co.. Mo. Milldale, p-o., Henry co., O., 157 n. w. Co- lumbus, 49J \V. MiLLD.\LE, p v., Warren co.. Miss., 151 w. Jackson, 1,061 W. 3I1LLEDGEVILLE, p-v.. Montgomery co., N. C, 133 w. s. w. Raleigh, 3J9 W. MiLLEDGEviLLE, city and capital of Baldwin CO., and of the state of Georgia, 153 n. w. Sa- vannah, 89 w. s. w. Augusta, 193 n. Darien, 618 W. Situated on the w. bank of the Oconee r., at tlie head of steamboat navigation, andatthe junction of Fishing cr. Laidoutin 1303. It contains 10 streets parallel with tlie r., crossed by 10 others at right angles with them. The streets are 100 feet wide, excepting Washington, a central street, which is 12 J. There are 3 squares made by the omission of a street in each direction, called Stitehouse, Governors and Penitentiary square, each 45 ) on a side. The state huase, in the centre of Statehouse square, i of a mile from the r., is a handsome building of Gothic archilecture, erected in 1^28, and cost $115,00 1. It corit.iins a fine representatives hall, 60 by 51 feet, ornamented with portraits of Gen. Oglethorpe, Washington, La Fayette, and Jefferson ; and various public offices. Tlie other public buildings are a governor's house, a state arsenal, a jjcnitentiary, a market house, 3 bardvs, an academy, 3 churches — 1 Pre.>byterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist. Pop. 2,095. A toll bridge cios.'-es tlie Oconee r. here 550 feet vyide, which cost $20,000. A short distance from Milledgeville, in Me 1 way v., is Oglethorpe Col- lege, founded in 18 J6, and contains a president and 5 professors or other instructors, and 31 stu- dents. Milledgeville, p-v.. White co., Tenn., 86 E. Nashville, 603 W. 3I1LLER, county, Mo. Situated near the cen- tre of the state, and contains 555 .sq. ms. Drain- ed by Osage r. The surface is broken ; soil, on the streams, very fertile. Capital, Tuscumbia. There were in 1841), neat cattle 2,933, sheep 2,26;), swine 9,304 ; wheat 5,005 bush, produced, Ind. corn 99,180, oats 8,163, potatoes 3, 4 13, tobac- co 4,601 pounds, cotton 1,209 ; 2 stores, 3 distil- leries, 5 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,554. 3 sch. 65 scholars. Pop. whites 2,170, slaves 111, free coFd 1 ; total, 2,232. Miller, t,, Dearborn co., la. It has 1 store, 3 52 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,400. 5 sch . 150 scholars. Pop. 1,209. Miller, t., Macon co.. Mo. Pop. 149. Miller, t., Polk co , Mo. Pop. 155. Miller, t., Knox co., O. Tlie soil is well adapted to grazing. Settled chielly by emigrants from Connecticut and Rhode Island. Pop.977. Millers, p-o., Lawrence co., O., 131 s. by e. Columbus, 393 W. Millers Bay, p-o., Lyme t., Jefferson co., N. Y. MiLLERSBaRG, p-v.. Upper Paxton t., Dauphin CO., Pa., 31 N. Harrisburg, 141 W. Situated on the e. bank of Susquehanna r., at the confluence of Wiconisco cr. It contains a Lutheran church, 3 stores, and about 70 dwellings. The railroad from the coal mine in Lyken's valley to the r. passes near the v. MiLLERSBURG, p-v., Bourbon co., Ky., 44 e. Frankfort, 499 W. 3Iii.LERSBtjRG, p-v., Ruthcrford co., Tenn., 44 s. E. Nashville, 675 W. MiLLERSBURG, p-v., Ilardy t., capital of Holmes CO., O., 87 N. E. Columbus, 313 W. Situated on the E. side of Killbuck cr. It contains a court house, jail, 1 church, 10 stores, a printing office issuing a weekly newspaper, 100 dwellings, and about 600 inh;ibitants. MiLLERSBURG, p V., Mcrcer co.. 111. MiLLERSBURG, p V., Callaway co.. Mo., 34 n. E. Jefferson City, 92J W. SIiller's 3I1LL, p-o.. Christian co., Ky. Miller's Place, p-v., Brookhaven t., Suffolk CO., N. Y., 207 s. s. e. Albany, 257 W. Situated near the Sound shore, and contains an academy, and about 20 dwellings. MiLLERspoRT, p-v., Wa'nut t., Fairfield co., O., 30 s. E. Columbus, 373 W. Miller's Tavehn, p-o., Essex co., Va., 40 .\. E. Richmond, 122 W. Millerstow.n, p v.. Greenwood t.. Perry co.. Pa., 30 N. w. Harrisburg, 140 W. It contains a Pre.-byterian church, 5 stores, and about 90 dwellings. MiLLERSTOWN', p-v., Champaign co., O., 55 w. by N'. Columbus, 449 W. MiLLERSTOWN, p-v., Graysou co., Ky., 125 s. w. by w. Frankfort, 630 W. MiLLERsviLLE, pv., Lancaster co., Pa., 39 s. E. Harrisburg, 111 "W. MiLLEiisviLLE, p o., Anne Arundel co., Md. MiLJ.ERSviLLE, p V., Marion co., la., 7 In- dianapolis, 573 W. MiLLFiELD, p v., Dover t., Athens co., O., 73 s. E. Columbus, 343 W. Situated on Sunday cr., 3 ms. from its eutrance into Hockhocking r. It contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., and 1 saw m. Three salt works in the vicinity produce over 200 bushels of salt daily. MiLLFORD, p v., Lewis CO., Mo., 164 N. by e. Jefferson City, 9i3 V\'. MiLLfoRD Mills, p-o.. Prince Edward co,, Va., 41 w. s. w. Richmond, 105 W. KliLL Grove, p-o., Cabarrus co., N. C, 148 w. Raleigh, 333 VV. Mill Grove, p o., Sumter dist., S. C, 81 e. Columbia, 501 W. Mill Grove, p-o., Cobb co., Ga., 114 n. w Milledgeville, 685 W. Mill Grove, p-o., Warren co., O., 90 s. w. Columbus, 464 W. Mill Grove, p-o., Owen co., la., 50 s. w. ti- diaiiapolis, 619 W. 3I1LL Hall, p-o., Clinton co.. Pa., 104 n. n. w. Harrisburg, 196 W. Mill Have.\, p-v., Scriven co., Ga., J.06 e. by s. Milledgeville, 629 W. MIL 410 MIL MiLi.HEiM, p-v., Hains t., Centre co., Pa., 8S N. w. Ilarrisburg, 180 W. It contains a Method- ist church, 2 stores, and about 50 dwellings. Mill Hill, p o., Cabarrus co., N. C, 148 w. Raleigh, 335 W. Milliken's Bend, p-o., 3Iadison co., La. Milli-Ngtox, p-o., Franklin co., Mass., 70 w. by N. Boston, 400 W. MiLLiNGTO.N', p-v.. East Iladdam t., Middlesex CO., Ct., 3G E. by s. Hartford, 350 W. MiLLiNGTON, p-o., Somerset co., N. J., 43 n. Trenton, 213 W. MiLLiNGTON, p-v., Kent CO., Md., 61 e. n. e. Annapolis, 101 W. Situated on the n. side of Chester r. MiLLiNGTON, p-o., Albemarle co., Va., 103 w. N. w. Richmond, 139 W. MiLLMouNT, po., Huntingdon co., la., 132 n. N. E. Indianapolis, 597 W. Mill Pl.\in, p-v., Fairfield co., Ct., 72 s. w. Hartford, 296. Mill Point, p-v., Pocahontas co., Va., 210 w. N. w. Richmond, 245 W. Mill Port, p-y., Veteran t., Chemung co., N. Y., 199 w. s. w. Albany, 292 W. Situated on Catherine's cr., on the line of the Chemung canal. It contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 2 stores, 2 flouring m., 10 saw m., 1 plaster m., 1 clothier's works, 1 sash fac, 1 tannery, 50 dwell- ings, and about 340 inhabitants. The creek has here a succession of falls, in the whole of 100 feet descent. Mill Port, p-v.. Potter co., Pa., 185 n. n. w. Harrisburg, 296 W. Mill Port, p-o., Fayette co., Ala., 65 n. w. Tu.scaloosa, 867 W. Mill Port, p-v., Laurel co., Ky., 106 s. E. Frankfort, 556 W. Mill Port, p-v., Jackson co., la., 80 s. In- dianapolis, 605 W. Mill River, p-o., Berkshire co., Mass., 133 w. Boston, 354 W. 3IiLL River, p-o., Buncombe co., N. C, 272 w. Raleigh, 502 W. 3I1LLSBOROUGH, p-o., Washington co.. Pa. MiLLsnoRo', p-v., Sussex co., Del., 49 s. Do- ver, 143 W. Mills Corners, p-o., Broadalbin t., Fulton CO., N. Y., 43 N. w. Albany, 411 W. MiLLSFIELD, t., Coos CO., N. H. Pop. 12. MiLLSFORD, t., Ashtabula co., O. It has 2 sch. 35 sctiolars. Pop. 173. Mills Point, p-v., Hickman co., Ky., 310 s. w. by w. Frankfort, 337 W. Situated ou the e. bank of the Mississippi r. It has a convenient landing, several large warehouses and stores, and about 25 dwellings. Mills Prairie, p-o., Edwards co., III., 150 s. E. Springfield, 730 W. Mill Springs, p-o., Wayne co., Ky., 101 s. Frankfort, 607 W. Millstone, cr., N. J., rises in Monmouth co., and enters the Raritan hi Somerset co. It is a strong and rapid stream. The Delaware and Raritan canal passes, a considerable distance, along this stream. Mill Stone, p-v., Hillsborough t., Somerset CO., N. J., 27 N. Trenton, 201 W. Situated on the s. bank of Millstone r., and contains a Dutch Reformed church, 3 stores, and about 40 dwell- ings, many of them neat. Milltown, p-o,, Washington co., 3Ie., 193 E. by n. Augusta, 784 W. Milltown, p-v., Kent t., Putnam co., N. Y., 100 s. Albany, 297 W. It contains 2 churches, 4 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 iron foundry, 1 clothiei's workp, and about 40 dwellings. Milltown, p-v., Crawford co., la., 113 8. by w. Indianapolis, 627 W. MiLLviEW, p-v., Fauquier co., Va., 103 n. by w. Richmond, 86 W. MiLLViLLE. p-v., Worcester co., 3Ias8., 43 w. Boston, 403 W. MiLLViLLE, p-v., Shelby t., Orleans co., N. Y., 257 w. N. w. Albany, 397 W. It contains 2 churches, one of them a Friends, an academy, 2 stores, 2 saw m., 1 tannery, and 12 or 15 dwell- ings. MiLLViLLE, p-t., Cumberland co., N. J., 67 s. by w. Trenton. The surlhce is level ; soil, sandy, and not very productive. Drained by Maurice r. and its tributaries, the chief of which is Manan- tico cr. The v. is situated on the e. bank of Maurice r., 20 ms. from its mouth. It contains 5 stores, and extensive glass works, and about 65 dwellings. It has 5 stores, cap. $19,.500 ; 5 glass houses, 5 grist m , 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $133,920. 5 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 1,771. MiLLViLLE, po., (Columbia co., Pa., 89 n. n. E. Harnsburg, 199 W. MiLLViLLE, p-v.. King George co., Va., 89 n. N. E. Richmond, 86 VV. MiLLViLLE, p-v., Spartanburg dist., S. C, 101 N. w. Columbia, 486 W. MiLLViLLE, p-v., Lincoln co., Tenn., 97 s. Nashville, 732 W. MiLLViLLE, p-v., Caldwell co., Ky., 231 w. s. w. Frankfort, 763 W. MiLLViLLE, p-v., Ross t., Butler co., O., 108 VV. s. w. Columbus, 496 W. Situated on the n. bank of Indian cr. It contains 2 stores, 1 flour- ing m., and about 25 ) inhabitants. MiLLViLLE, p-v., Butler co., Ala., 154 s. s. e. Tu.-caloosa, 890 W. MiLLViLLE, p-o., Jo-Daviess co.. 111. MiLLViLLE, p-o., Clayton co., Iowa. Millwood, p-v., Clarke co., Va., 135 n. n. w Richmond, 66 W. Millwood, p-o., Dooly co., Ga., 86 s. s. w. Milledgeville, 733 W. Millwood, p-o., Knox co., O., 69 n. e. Colum- bus, 369 W. Millwood, t., Guernsey co., O. It has 9 sch. 245 scholars. Pop. 1,596. Mii.NEKsviLLE, p-0., Mouroe t., Guernsey co., O., 89 E. Columbus, 314 W. Situated in JN'ew Birmingham v. MiLO, p-t., Piscataquis co., Me., 9S n. n. e Augusta, 695 W. Drained by Piscataquis r., and Pleasant r., and other branches of it. Incorpo- rated in 1S23. It has 1 fulling m., 1 furnace, 1 saw in. Cap. in manufac. $1,200. 7 sch. 327 scholars. Pop. 756. AliLO, p-t., Yates co., N. Y., 193 w. Albany, 320 W. It contains the v. of Penn Yan, the capital of the co. The surface is undulating ; soil, gravelly and clay loam, and fertile. Drained by the outlet of Crooked lake, which lies on its w. border. It has 20 stores, cap. $74,335 ; 4 fulling m., 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 2 priuling otllces, 1 bindery, 2 weekly and 1 peri- odical newspapers, 2 grist m., 9 saw m., 1 oil in. Cap. in manufac. $107,022. 17sch.U33 scholars. Pop. 3,986. 3IiLo Centre, p-v., Milo t., Yates co., N. Y., 196 w. Albany, 325 W. It contains 1 church, 2 stores, and about 30 dwellings. MiLRov, p-v., Rush CO., la., 48 E. s. e. Indian apoiis, 546 W. Milton, t., Piscataquis co., Me. It has 1 saw m., 5 sch. 24S scholars. Pop. 469. Milton, p-t., Strafllbrd co., N. H., 47 n. e Concord, 515 W. Salmon Fall r. runs on its E border, by branches of which it ie watered. It MIL 411 MIL has 6 stores, cap. $6,900 ; 3 fulliiig m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in nianufac. $21,300. 10 sch. 408 scholars. Pop. 1,322. Milton, p-t., Chittenden co., Vt., 55 jv. w. Montpelier, 528 W. It is watered hy Lamoille r., which has extensive falls, producing great water power. Chartered in 1703. The surface is moderately uneven; soil, generally fertile. At the great falls in the Lamoille, near the v , the r. falls 15i) feet in 50 rods. Here are a saw m., a grist m., and a paper m. The v. contains a Congregational and a iMethodist church, and sev- eral dwellings. A sand bar extends from this t. to the largest island in Lake Champlain, which is fordable on horseback, during the greater part of the year, though the water is considerably deep. There are in the t. 'J stores, cap. $4(5,200 ; 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $19,500. 14 sch. 645 scholars. Pop. 2,134. Milton, pt., Norfolk co., Mass., 7 s. Boston, 435 W. The surface is various. The soil is a productive gravelly loam. Neponset r. runs on its N. border, and aflijrds good water power. Chartered in 1662. The v., called the Mills, is at the head of navigation on Neponset r., and is connected with Dorchester by a bridge. It has 3 churches, a bank, several factories. Governor, Hutchinson, had his summer residence in this place, and the house is still standing. There are in the t. 8 stores, cap. $19,000 ; 2 commercial and 2 commission houses, cap. $15l),000; 1 lumber yard, cap. $4,000 ; 2 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $50,300. 2 acad. 45 students, 5 sch. 433 scholars. Pop. 1,822. MiLTO.v, p-v., Litchfield t., Litclifield co., Ct., 36 w. Hartford, 330 W. It is a parish in the n. w. part of the t. of Litchfield. The surface is uneven and rough, and the soil adapted to graz- ing. Here is a Congregational church. MiLTO.x, t., Saratoga co , N. V., 30 n. by w. Albany. It contains the v. of Ballston Spa, the capital of the co. The surface is level or gently rolling ; soil, clay loam and sandy loam. Drain- ed by the Kayaderosscras cr. and its tributaries. It has 16 stores, cap. $57,8)0 ; 3 lumber j'ards, cap. $10,000 ; 6 iuUing m., 3 woollen fac, 2 fur- naces, 3 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 paper fac, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 6 gi-ist m., 10 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manui'ac. $203,315. 12 sch. 387 scholars. Pop. 3,166. MtLTON, p-v., Marlboro' t., Ulster co., N. Y., 79 s. by vv. Albany, 299 W. Situated half a mile w. of the landing on Hudson r., and contains 3 churches — 1 Methodist, 2 Friends — 6 stores, 2 grist m., 70 dwellings, and about 450 inhabitants. Two freight barges ply between this place and New York. MiLTOiV, p-v., Morris co., N. J., 75 n. Trenton, 246 W. Milton, p-b., Turbut t, Northumberland co.. Pa., 71 N. Harrisburg, 181 W. Situated on the E. bank of the West branch of Susquehanna r., built on both sides of Limestone run. It contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Associate Reform- ed, and 1 German Reformed — an academy, 250 dwellings, and 150 iidiabitants. Incorporated in 1816. A bridge here crosses the Susquehanna r. It has 13 stores, cap. $92,500 ; 1 tannery, 4 dis- tilleries, 1 brewery, 1 pottery, 2 printing offices, 1 weekly newspaper, 2 grist ra., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $62,105. 4 sch. 250 scholars. Pop. 1,508. Milton, p-v., Sussex co., Del., 33 s. Dover, 141 W. MiLTO.N, p-v., Caswell co., N. C, 74 n. w. Ra- leigh, 250 \V . Milton, p-v., Laurens dist., S. C, 60 w. n. w. Columbia, 516 \V. Milton, pv., Autauga co., Ala., 93 s. E. Tus- caloosa, 841 W. Milton, p-v., capital of Santa Rosa co., Flor., 20 N. K. Pensacola. Situated on the w. side of Blackwater r. Milton, p-v., Rutherford co., Tenn., 37 s. E. Nashville, 656 W. Milton, p-v., Trimble co., Ky., 52 n. w. Frankfort, 561 W. Situated on the s. bank of the Ohio r., and contains 2 steam m. and about 100 inhabitants. Milton, p-t., Trumbull co., O., 157 n. E. Co- lumbus, 316 W. Watered by Mahomng r., which affords water power. It contains the villages of Frederick and Milton. Pop. of t. 1,277. Milton, t., Jackson co., O. It has 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $800. 1 sch. 18 scholars. Pop. 912. Milton, t., Miami co., O. Pop. 252. Milton, t., Richland co., O. Pop. 1,861. Milton, t., Wayne co., O. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,900; 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,275. Pop. 1,157. Milton, t., Wood co., O. Pop. 124. Milton, p-t., W^ayne co., la., 54 E. Indiana- polis, 521 W. Pop. 465. Milton, p-o.. Pike co.. 111., 64 w. by s. Spring- field, 844 W. Milton, p-o.. Rock co.. Wis., 49 s. e. Madi- son, 814 W. Milton, p-o.. La Fayette co., Miss., 178 n. n. w. .lackson, 905 W. Milton, p-v., Randolph co.. Mo., 80 n. n. w. Jefferson City, 949 W. Milton, t., Cass co., Mich. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $U30. 3 sch. 85 scholars Pop. 439. Milton Hill, p-v., Charles co., Md., 88 s. w. Annapoli.s, 48 W. Milton Mills, p-o., Milton t., Strafford co., N. tl., 43 N. e. Concord, 524 W. Milton Park, p-o., Craven co., N. C. 140 e. s. E. Raleisjh, 368 W. Miltonville, p-v., Middletown t.. Wood co., a, 123 N. N. w. Columbus, 461 W. Miltonville, v., Madison t., Butler co., O. Pop. 122. Miltonville, p-v., Wayne co.. Miss., 153 s. E. hy e. Jackson, 969 W. Milwaukee, county. Wis. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 800 sq. ms. Drained by Blilwaukee r., a fine mill stream, Manewakee, Root, Des Plaines, and Fox rivers, and branches of Rock r. Lake Michigan bounds it on the e. Capital, Milwaukee. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,100. sheep 798, swine 8,814; wheat 34,236 bush, produced, Ind. corn 36,820, buckwheat 1,829, oats 26,863, potatoes 64,242, sugar 48,886 pounds ; 3 commission houses, cap. $27,500 ; 26 stores, cap. $62,300 ; 8 grist m., 13 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $63,450. 9 sch. 186 scholars. Pop. whiles 5,573, free col'd 33 ; total, 5,605. Milwaukee, p-v., and capital of Milwaukee CO., Wis., 83 E. 3Iadison, 805 W. Situated on both sides of Milwaukee r., near its entrance into Lake Michigan. The r. affords water power at the V. Steamboats ply between this place and Buffalo, and its location is such that it is likely to become a place of much importance. It con- tains a court house, jail, a V. S. land office, I Pre-sbyterian and 1 Methodist church, and (in 1842) 2,800 inhabitants. There were in 1840, 3 commission houses, cap. $27,500 ; 21 stores, cap. $52,900 ; 1 furnace, 1 saw m., 2 printing officeb, MIN 412 MIS 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $17,800. 1 sell. 23 sohoiiirs. Pop. 1,712. Mi.VA, p-t., Chautaiique co., N. Y., 363 w. by s. Albany, 347 W. The surface is uneven ; .soil, clay and gravelly loam. Il contain.^ a smnll lake denominated Fiiiley's lake. Drained by French cr. It has 2 stores, cap. $!,0Q0; 1 grist m.. ."J saw m. Cap. in nianui'ac. $3,630. 8 sch. 272 scholars. Pop. 871. MiXAViLLE, p-o., Florida t , Montgomery co., N. v., 37 w. N. w. Albany, 405 W. Mi.vDii.N, p-t., 3Iontg()inery co., N. Y., Gl w. n. w. Albany, 3J6 \V. The surface is diversified ; soil, argillaceous and calcareous loam, with rich bottom lands on the Mohawk r., which bounds it on the N. Drained by Ot.>sex co., N. Y., 94 n. Albany, 469 W. The surface is hilly, and partly covered with the Adirondack mountains. The valleys have some fertile land. Drained by Hudson r. and its tributaries. It has 1 store, cap. §600 ; 1 fulling m., 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,100. 5 sch. 13-J scholars. Pop. 4.55. Minerva, p-v., 3Iason co., Ky., 75 e. n. e. Frankfort, 475 W. Minerv.\, p-v., Paris t.. Stark co., O., 139 n. e. by E. Columbus, .303 W. It is on the line of the Sandy and Beaver canal, and has 2 large canal basins. It contains 6 stores, 1 (louring m., 60 dwellings, and about 350 inhabitants. Ming a Hoohia. p-o., Lauderdale co., Miss., 114 K. Jackson, 90S W. 3I1NISINK, p-t., Orange co., M. Y., 120 .s. s. w. Albany, 270 VV. The surface is hilly on the w., and on the e. is covered vvitli the " drowned lands," through which the Wallkill sluggishly Hows. It contains a copper mine, which was formerly wrought. It has 17 stores, cap. $33,000 ; 2 fulling m., 4 woollen fac, 6 tanneries, 10 distil- leries, 11 gri£t m., 10 saw m. Cap. iii manul'ac. $133,023. 4 acad. 3S7 students, 23 schools 1,308 scholars. Pop. 5,093. Ming, t., Mifflin co., Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $9,000; 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 2 gri.st m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,135. 6 sch. 215 scholars. Pop. 974. MiNOT, p-t., Cumberland co., Me., 40 s. w. .\ugusta, 576 VV. The Androscoggin r. runs on its E. border, and Little Androscoggin r. on its s. border, affording extensive water power. A bridge here crosses the Androscoggin. It is a good agricultural township, and is finely situated (or manufactures. It has 15 stores, cap. $15,400 ; 2 fulling m., 1 furnace, 28 sch. 1,250 scholars. Pop. 3,550. Minster, p-c, Mercer co., O., 94 w. n. w. Columbus, 488 W. MiNTONsviLLE. p-v., Gates co., N. C, 106 e. N. E. Raleigh, 261 W. 3I1NT Spring, p-o., Augusta co., Va. Miranda, p-v., Rowan co., N. C., 132 w. Ra- leigh, 369 W. Mishawakee, p-v., St. Joseph co., la., 143 n. Indianapoli-s, 620 VV. MiSHWAUKEE, p-v.. Brown co.,Wis., 138 n. e. by N. Madison, 973 VV. 3I1SPILLON, hundred, Kent co., Del. It has 4 stores, cap. ,$5,2:i0 ; 1 grist m., 3 saw m., 7 sch. 460 scholars. Pop. 3,069. Missaukee, county, 3Iich. Situated centrally in the n. part of the state, and contains 376 sq. ms. Drained by Maskegon r. and its branches. (It is unorganized.) Missionary Station, p-o., Floyd co., Ga., 173 N. w. Milledgeville, 674 W. Situated on the Coosa r. Missisque, r., Vt., rises in Orleans co., and pursuing a n. e. course, passes into Canada, and after running several ms., returns into Vt., and pursues a s. w. and vv. course, uniii it enters Missisque bay, a brunch of Lake Champlain, in Ilighgale. near the Canada line. It has several rapids and falls, affording extensive water power. It is navigable for vessels of 5J tons, fi miles, to Swanton falls. Through most oi its course, it is wide and shallow, with a moderate current. It . is 75 ms. long. ! MississiNEWA, r., la., rises in the state of Ohio, and running in a n. w. direction, it falls into the Wabash r., a little above Peru. In its upper parts it furnishes good mill sites, and ui its lower parts it is navigable for boats of 10 tons, in time of high water. MississiNEWA, t., Darke co., O. Pop. 127. ftlississippi, an immense river of the United States, derives importance from its great length; the vast and fertile regions which, with its tribu- taries, it drains, and the extent to which it is nav- igable. It rolls a mighty volume of water to the ocean, bearing to its destined market a vast amount of produce of one of the most fertile re- gions on the globe, and returning to these regions ; the productions of other portions of the United I States, and of foreign countries, which they need j for tlu'ir convenience and comfort. The most I probable derivation of its nam^ is Mi.i.^i Srpi', which, in the Algonquin Indian language, which prevails in its upper parts, means Gira/ r'war. Its I extreme source, according to the explorations of Schoolcraft, July loth, 1832, is Itasca lake, 47° I iO' N. lat., and 93° 54' w. Ion., at an elevation of I 1,500 I'eoi, and the distance of 3.!6i» miles, above ' the Gulf of Mexico. Itasca lake is a l)caiitif>il j sliect of water, lying among hills sarniouni.ed by I pines. The outlet of the lake is 10 or 12 feet broad, and from 12 to IS inche.-^ deep. Its Clm^^ft lis tlieii nortiiwardly and uorthcutiwardiy, and il MIS 413 MIS passes through lakes Irving and Travers, and it then passes easlwardly and souilieastvvardly, and through some pmall lakes, to Lake Cass. Tliis lake is of considerable extent, and contains a large island, 182 ms. below its source, and l,33t) feet aliove the Gulf of Mexico, its course i.s w. to Lake Winnipec, then s. vv. through Little Win- nipec lake, until it receives Leech lake fork, the outlet of a considerable lake of tiie same name. The most northern point attained by the river is a few minutes short of 4S° ; it then pursues a winding course eastwardly, passing through some small lakes, until it attains a southwardly direc- tion. The average descent of the Mis^^issippi, from its source to its entrance into the Gulf of Mexico, is a fraction over 5 inches per mile. The •whole country about the sources of the Mississippi appears to be considerably elevated table laud, aljounding in small lakes of pure water, and fed cliielly by springs. The first considerable falls in the river are those of Peckagama. where it de- scends 2i) feet in 300 yards. There is no per- pendicular fall, but a rapid which entirely ob- structs navigation. The river is compressed to the width of 80 feet, and is precipitated over a rugged bed of sandstone, the rocky channel being inclined at an angle of from 33° to 40°. The surrounding view is vvild and picturesque. An island, covered with spruce and cedar, divides the channel nearly in the middle, at the com- mencement of the fall. The next considerable falls in the river, are those of St. Anthony. The river here has a perpendicular descent of 17 feet, and a formidable rapid above and below. An island, at the brow of the precipice, divides the current into 2 parts, the largest of which passes on the w. side of the island. The rapid below the chute is filled with large fragments of rock, in the interstices of which some alluvial soil has accumulated, which nourishes a stinted growth of cedars. The rapid above the falls has a de- scent of about 10 feet in the distance of Si/'O yards. The rapid below the falls extends half a mile, in which the river desrends 15 feet. The entire iiill, in three fourths of a mile, is 65 feet. With- out (he grandeur of ^Niagara, these falls are ex- tremely picturesque and beautiful. But during the spring floods, they becouje grand as well as beautiful. The width of the Mississippi, lor 12 miles above the falls, is half a mile ; below, it is contracted to 201) yards. A little below the falls of St. Anthony enters the St. Peter's rivey, from the w., which is the largest tributary of the' Upper Mississippi. For 2 )0 ms. above its entrance, it is 100 yards wide, with a great depth of water. About lat. 4'i° the St. Croix enters the Missis- sippi from the e., which is said to be navigable for boats 200 ms. About 15 ms. below the en- trance of St. Croix r., the .Mississippi expands into a beautiful sheet of water, called Lake Pepin, 25 ms. in length. At its termination, the Chippewa r. enters the Mississippi, after a course of about 300 ms. In 42° enters the Wisconsin from the E., forming an easy communication with Lake Michigan. Near 40°, on the w. side, the Des Moines enters, 150 yards wide. A few ms. above the mouth of this river are rapids, 9 ms. in length, forming an impediment to navigation, when the river is low. In 39° the Illinois enters from the E., 400 yards wide, and navigable for boats more than 300 ms. A little below 39° enters the ma- jestic Missouri from the w., which is longer, and discharges more water, than the Mississippi ; and had it been as early explored, it would probably have been regarded as the parent stream. Its waters are turbid, and change the appearance of the Mississippi. Li 38° the K»skaskia enters from the E., and is navigable for more than 100 ms., passing through a beautiful country. Be- tween 37° and 36°, l,t)05 ms. above New Orleans, the " Belle lliviere," or the beautilul Ohio, enters from the E., and is much the largest eastern branch; and, from the densely populated and flourishing country on its borders, must be con- sidered, at present, as the most important tribu- tary of the Mississippi. Between 35° and 34*^ enters the St. Francis from the w., 200 yards wide, and supposed to be navigable 300 miles. White r. enters on the same side, in about 34°, probably about 1,200 ms. long. The Arkansas, from the w., enters between 34° and 33°, 618 ms. above New Orleans, and is 500 yards wide, and supposed to be ^,500 ms. long. The Yazoo enters on tlie e. side, between 33° and 32°, and is from 200 to 3.)0 yards wide. At 31° the Red river comes in from the w. It is as large, and discharges as much water as the Arkansas, and is navigable for steamboats. Here the Missis- sippi carries its greatest volume of water, as im- mediately below this, and at intervals, it divides into several large outlets. From an old bed of the river, which communicates with both the Mississippi and Red rivers, the Atchafalaya dis- charges a great amount of water into the Gulf of Mexico. A little below Baton Rouge, on the E. side, the Ibberville goes off, and passing through lakes Maurepas, Pontchartrain, and Borgne, en- ters the Gulf of Mexico. Between Atchafiilaya and N. Orleans, pass off Plaqueniine and Bayou Lafourche, on the w. side, the former joining the Atchafalaya, and the latter entering the Gulf of Mexico. The average width of the Mississippi, below the iMissouri, is about a mile ; but the large rivers which enter it greatly increase its depth. Its medial current is about 4 ms. an hour. At the head of the Delta, the depth is from 75 to 80 feet; at New Orleans it is 100. At the distance of 105 ms. below New Orleans, by the course of the river, but 90 in a direct course, this majes- tic river enters tlie Gulf of 3Iexico, by several mouths, the principal of which are called the Balize, or Northeast Pass, in 29° 7' n. lat., and 8.)° 10' w. Ion., and the Southwest Pass, in 29° \. lat., and 8.)° 25' w. Ion. Draining a country of over 1,000,000 square miles in extent, it would naturally be expected that its spring floods would be vast ; and in consequence of them, it over- flows its banks at that season to a great extent. From the sources to the mouth of the Missouri, tlie flood commences in March, and does not sub- side beibre the last of 3Iay, at an average height of 15 feet. From the Missouri to the Ohio, it rises 23 feet ; and below the Ohio, for a great distance, 50 feet. At every flood it overspread,s a country, chiffly on its western side, from 10 to 30 ms. wide, 5 )0 ms. from its mouth. This river is extremely winding in its course, and some- times a«bend will occur of 30 miles in extent, in which the distance across the neck will not ex- ceed a mile. This circumstance undoubtedly impedes the current, and thus favors navigation. The mighty volume of water often carries away a large mass of earth, with its trees, from a pro- jecting point, and freq>iently endanger vessels. Trees also are often bedded in the mud, project- ing their tops, producing snags and sawyers, as they are called, dangerous to navigators. The whirls, or eddies, which are produced by the tor- tuous course of the river and its projecting points, render the navigation to a degree diflicult and dangerous. Vessels are often from 5 to 3J days in ascending from the mouth of the river to New Orleans, though with a favorable wind, they will often descend iii 12 hours. Beibre the introduc- MIS 414 MIS tion of steamboats, it required 8 or 10 weeks to ! tensi\ ely Uf^ed for transportalion iJown the river, go from New Orleans to tlie Illinois. BovlIs of I The first steamboat on the western waters was 40 tons ascend the river to the falls of St. Antho- built at Pittsburgh, in 1811 : there are now more iiy, more than 2,000 mile.s from its mouth. The than 300 on the Mississippi and its tributaries, u.se of steamboats has entirely changed liie navi- 1 many of them of great burden. Tiie passage gation of the Mississippi ; and they have nearly superseded all other vessels for ascending the river. Large flat-bottomed boats, denominated arks, which are not designed to return, are ex- from Cincinnati to New Orleans and back has been made in 19 days. Large ships seldom as- cend above Natchez. There are no tides in the 31ississippi. MISSISSIPPI. Mississippi, one of the southern United States, is bounded n. by Tennessee ; e. by Alabama ; s. by the Gulf of Mexico and Louisiana; and \v. by Pearl and Mississippi rivers, which separate it from the state of Louisiana and Arkansas. It is between 30° 10' and 35° n. lat., and between 80° 30' and 81° 35' w. Ion., and between 8° and 11° 30' w. Ion. from W. It is 339 miles long from N. to s., and 150 broad from e. to w., containing 45,760 square miles, or 29,286,400 acres. The population in 1816 was 45,929; in 1820,75,448; in 1830, 136,806; in 1840, 375,651, of which 195,21 1 were slaves. Of the free population 97,256 were white males ; 81,818 do. females ; 715 were color- ed males; 654 do. females. Employed in agriculture, 139,724; in commerce, 1,303; in manufac- tures and trades, 4,151 ; navigating the ocean, 33 ; do. rivers, canals, &c., 100 ; learned professions, 1,506. This state is divided into 56 counties, which with their population in 1840, and their capitals, were as follows : Northern District — Attala, 4,303, Koscuisko ; Bolivar, 1,356, Bolivar ; Car- roll, 10,481, Carrollton ; Chickasaw, 2,955, Houston ; Choctaw, 6,010, Greensboro ; Coahoma, 1,290, Coahoma C. H. ; De Soto, 7,002, Hernando ; Itawamba, 5,375, Fulton ; Lafayette, 6,531, Oxford; Lowndes, 14,513, Columbus ; Marshall, 17,526, Holly Springs; Monroe, 9,250, Athens; Noxubee, 9,975, Macon ; Octibbeha, 4,276, Starkville ; Ponola, 4,657, Ponola ; Pontotoc, 4,491, Pontotoc; Tallahatchie, 2,985, Charleston; Tippah, 9,444, llipley ; Tisha.mi.\go, 6,681, Jacinto; Tunica, 821, Peyton; Winston, 4,650, Louisville ; Yalabush a, 12,248, Coffee ville. Southern District — Adams, 19,434, Natchez; Amite, 9,511, Liberty; Claiborne, 13,078, Port Gibson; Clarke, 2,986, Quitman; Copiah, 8,954, Gallatin; Covington, 2,717, Williamsburg; Franklin, 4,775, Meadville; Greene, 1,636, Leakeviile ; Hancock, 3,367, Shieldsborough ; Harrison, Mississippi City ; Hinds, 19,098, Raymond; Holmes, 9,452, Lexington; Jackson, 1,965, Jackson C. H. ; Jasper, 3,958, Paulding ; Jefferson, 11,650, Fayette; Jones, 1,253, Ellisville ; Kemper, 7,663, DeKalb ; Lauderdale, 5,358, Marion; Lawrence, 5,920, Monticello; Leake, 2,162, Car- thage ; Madison, 15,530, Canton; Neshoba, 2,437, Philadelphia; Newton, 2,527, Decatur; Per- ry, 1,889, Augusta ; Pike, 6,151, Ilolmesville; Rankin, 4,631, Brandon; Scott, 1,653, Hillsbo- rough; Simpson, 3,380, Westville ; Smith, 1,981, Raleigh ; Warren, 15,820, Vicksburg; Wash- ington, 7,287, Princeton ; Wayne, 2,120, Winchester; Wilkinson, 14, 193, Woodvilie; Yazoo, 10,480, Benton. The southern part of this state for about 100 miles from the Gulf of Mexico is mostly a sandy, level pine forest, interspersed with cypress swamps, open prairies, and inundated marshes, and a few hills of moderate elevation. Tliis region is generally healthy, and by cultivation produces cotton, Indian corn, indigo, sugar, and plums, cherries, pftaches, figs, sour oranges, and grapes. As you proceed further north, the country becomes more elevated and agreeably diversified, and the soil is a deep rich mold, producing abundantly, cotton, Indian corn, sweet potatoes, indigo, peaches, melons, and grapes. The natural growth of limber consists of poplar, hickory, oak, black walnut, sugar maple, cotton wood, magnolia, lime, and sassafras. The country in the north part of the slate is healthy and productive ; and the lands watered by tiie Yazoo, through its whole course, in the n. w., are very fertile. The Mississippi river, with its various windings, borders this state about 700 miles ; and its margin consii«ts of inunilatcd swamp, covered with a large growth of timber. Back of this, the surface suddenly rises into what are called blufTs ; and behind these the country is a moderately elevated table land, with a diversified surface. Cotton is the principal production of this state, as it is found to be more profitable than others to which the soil is also well adapted. In this state there w^ere ui 1840, 109,227 horses and mules ; 623,197 neat cattle ; 128,367 sheep ; 1,001,209 swine ; poultry to the value of $369,482. There were produced 196,626 bushels of wheat ; 1,654 of barley; 668,624 of oats; 11,144 of rye; 13,161,237 of Indian corn ; 175,196 pounds of wool; 6,835 of wax; 1,630,100 bushels of potatoes; 83,471 pounds of tobacco; 777,195 of rice; 193,401,577 of cotton. The produce of the dairy was valued at $359,585 ; of the orchard at $14,458 , of lumber $192,794 ; tar, pitch, Ark., 92 js. w. Little Rock, 1,157 W. Mo.vsoN, p-t., Piscataquis co., Me., 77 n. by E. Augusta, 67"i W. In the w. part is a pond, by the outlet of which, and its tributaries, it is wa- tered, which flows into and through isebec pond, atid enters Piscataquis r. The .soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Incorporated in 1822. It has 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,550. 7 sch. 247 scholars. Pop. 348. MoNso.v, p-t., Hampfden co., Mass., 75 s. w. by w. Boston, 3S0 W. '1 he surface is various ; soil, fertile. Watered by Chickopee r. and its branches, which afford water power. The v., at the centre, contains a Congregational church and a flourish- ing academy. There are in the t. a Baptist and a Methodist church. It has 4 stores, cap. §18,000; 3 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 3,324 sp., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $37,800. 1 acad. 90 students, 14 sch. 350 scholars. Pop. 2,151. MoNT.^^GUE, p-t., Franklin co., Mass., 85 w. by N. Boston, 3^)6 W. Situated on the E. bank of Connecticut r., across which is a bridge, connect- ing it with Deerfield. Watered by Sawmill r. The surface is uneven ; soil, various. In the n. w. part of the t. are Turner's falls, in Connecti- cut r., with a descent of 70 feet, around which is a canal, 3 ms. long. There is an immense dam across the r., in one place 40 feet high. Here is a great water power. Incorporated in 1753. There is a v. at the centre, on Sawmill r., which con- tains 2 chtirches. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $13,900; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,903. 11 sch. 365 scholars. Pop. 1,255. Montague, p-t., Sussex co., N. J., 91 n. Tren- ton, 258 W. Delaware r. bounds it on the n. w. The surface is mountainous on the s. e. ; on the s. w. it is a river alluvion. The soil is fertile, and well cultivated, adapted to grain. Settled by the Dutch before 1680. Drained by Mill brook. Chamber's Mill brook, and Big and Little Rat kills, which flow into Delaware r. It has I store, cap. $10,000; 1 lumber yard, cap. $800 ; 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 1 saw m. 6 schools 143 scliolars. Pop. 1,026. Montague, p-v., Essex co., Va., 68 n. e. Rich- mond, 130 W. It is a small v., with about 50 inhabitants. Montague Canal, p-v., Montague t., Frank- lin CO., IMass., 88 Boston, 339 W. Situated on the E. side of Connecticut r., at Turner's f;ills. Montalona, p-o., McHenry co., 111., 233 n. n. E. Sjjringfield. 76-i W. MoNTAUK Point, N. Y., 140 v.. New York, constitutes the extreme e. end of Long Island. It is a high promontory, against which the waves of the Ailaniic continually dash, and, in a storm, with tremendous violence. Here is a stone light- house, erected by the U. S. government in 1795, at an expense of $22,300. Near it is a public house, much resorted to in the summer months. Montcalm, county, Mich. Situated in the n. part of the settled portion of the peninsula, and contains 576 sq. ms. The surface is level ; soil, fertile. Drained by Flat r. (It is unorganized.) MoNTEVALLo, p-v., Shelby co., Ala., 58 e. Tuscaloosa, 786 W. Montevideo, p-v., Elbert co., Ga., 125 n. n. E. Milledgeville, 565 W. 3I0NTEZUMA, p-v., Mentz t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 162 w. by n. Albany, 342 W. Situated at the junction of Cayuga and Seneca canal with the Erie canal. It contains 1 church, 5 stores, and about 600 inhabitants. It contains strong saline springs, frotti which salt haR been manO' factured since the earliest settlement of the coun- try. The Mindezuma marshes extend along the outlet of Cayuga lake, and along Seneca r., 14 miles long, and from 2 to 3 wide, covered in the summer with grass from 3 to 4 feet high. Montezu.ma, p-v., Parke co., la., 72 w. Indian- apolis, 644 W. Situated on the e. side of the Wabash r. Mo.\tezu.ma, p-v., Pike co.. III., 60 w. by s. Springfield, 840 W. Situated on the w. bank of Illinois r. 3Io.\TEzuMA, p-o., IMercer co., O. Montezuma, p-o.. Union co., Ky., 219 w. by s. Frankfort, 760 W. Montezuma, p-v., McNairy co., Tenn., 155 s. w. Nashville, 840 W. Montezuma, p-v., capital of Covington co., Ala., 186 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 914 W. Situated on the E. bank of Conecuh r., and contains a court house and several dwellings. Montford's Cove, p-o., Rutherford co., N. C, 231 w. by s. Raleigh, 468 W. Montgomery, county, N. Y. Centrally situ- ated in the e. part of the state, and contains 356 sq. ms. The surface is mountainous and hilly, terminating in the valley of the Mohawk in the N., which bounds it in that direction. Drained by East Canada, Otsquake, and Schoharie creeks, which flow into the Mohawk. The alluvial flats on the streams are very fertile. Capital, Fonda. There were in 1840, neat cattle 26,806, sheep 36,583, swine 29,108; wheat 34,281 bushels pro- duced, rye 40,86-!, Ind. corn 90,374, buckwheat .38,312, barley 193,530, oats 422,415, potatoes 559,829, sugar 51,691 pounds; 94 stores, capital $370,150 ; 2 furnaces, 8 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 16 tanneries, 6 distilleries, 2 breweries, 3 flouring m., 21 grist m., 67 saw m. Capital in manufac. $330,404. 3 acad. 396 students, 116 sch. 5,555 scholars. Pop. 35,818. Montgomery, county, Pa. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, ancl contains 425 square ms. The surface is gently uneven; soil, fertile, par- ticularly along the valley of the Schuylkill, which runs on its s. w. border. On the Schuyl- kill are 7 dams, with short canals, which afford extensive water povver. Drained by Manataw- ney, Perkiomcn, and Wissihickon creeks, which flow into the Schuylkill, and Pennypack creek, which flows into the Delaware. Capital, Norris- town. There w'ere in 1840, neat cattle 31,652, sheep 15,249, swine 3ij07 ; wheat 181,858 bush, produced, rye 275,069, Ind. corn 503,065, buck- wheat 42,53.), barley 4, 199, oats 612,990, potatoes 239,230; 144 stores, cap. $425,000; 13 lumber yards, cap. $66,100; 2 fulling m., 8 woollen fac, 23 taiinerios, 1 distillery, 12 powder m., 6 potter- ies, 9 paper fac, 6 printing offices, 4 weekly, 2 semi and tri-woekly newspapers, 26 flouring m., 100 grist m.. 77 saw m., 30 oil m. Cap. in man- ufac. $911,863. 10 acad. 372 students, 72 sch. 4,4Cj scholars. Pop. 47,241. Montgomery, county, Md. Situated toward the w. part of the state, and contains 576 sq. ras. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil, indiffer- ent, excepting on the streams. Patuxent r. runs on its N. E. boundary, and the Potomac r. on its s. w., by branches of which it is drained. Capi- tal, Kockvillo. There were in 1810, neat cattle 8,62S, sheep 16,033, swine 19,833 ; wheat 142,759 bush, produced, rye 27,704, Indian corn 308,385, buckwheat 2,638, oats 225,163, potatoes 62,546, tobacco 1,038,412 pounds ; 25 stores, cap. $99,457 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 700 sp., 4 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 18 crist m., 16 saw m., 1 oil m. C;ap. Li manufac. $61,925. 3 acad. 172 student^ MON 425 MON 17 sell. 514 scholars. Pop. whites S.^GS, slaves 5,377, free cord 1,313; total, 15,456. Montgomery, county, Va. Situated toward the s. w. part of the state, and contains 1,000 sq. ms. Organized in 1777. The Blue Ridge runs on its E. border. Drained by New r. and its branches, and the head water.s of Bannister r. The surface is broken and rough ; soil, on the streams, fertile. Capital, Christiausburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,635, slieep 13,43.1, swine 16,834 ; wheal 106,'258 bush produced, rye 21,0i)3, Ind. corn 208,885, buckwheat 2.615, oats 114,365, potatoes 18,071, tobacco 241,275 pounds, sugar 1,000; 11 stores, cap. $126,3!)0; 8 tanner^ ies, 9 distilleries, 2 potteries, 4 flouring m., 19 grist m., 19 saw m. Cap. in manufac. ^5.),Si5. 1 acad. 40 students, 17 sch. 402 scholars. Pop. whites 5,825, slaves 1,473, free col'd 87 ; total, 7,405. MoxTGOMERY, county, N. C. Situated toward the s. w. part of the state, and contains 500 sq. ms. Drained by Yadkin r. and its branches. The surface is hilly and mountainous. Soil, fer- tile. Capital, Lawreneeville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,603, sheep 8,508, swine 18,034 ; wheat 48,879 bushels produced, rye 1,533, Indian corn 255,496, oats 19,359, potatoes 1 1,950 tobacco 200,597 p >unds, cotton 2,332,222 ; 15 stores, cap. $38,500 ; 1 cotton fac. 528 &p., 8 tanneries, 34 dis- tilleries, 12 flouring m., 48 grist m., 15 saw m. Cap. in manufac. S>56,133. 19 sch. 432 scholars. Pop. whites 8,221, slaves 2,487, free colored 72 ; total, 10,780. Montgomery, county, Ga. Situated toward the s. E. part of th^state, and contains 1,100 sq. ms. It has the Ocnyilgee, and Auchenahatchee, i'.s tributary, on its s. and s. w. border. Drained by Oconee r. and its branches, and Pendleton cr. Capital, Mount Vernon. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,781, sheep 1,339, swine 6,530; wheat 1,119 bush, produced, Indian corn 22,213, potatoes 4,000, cotton 18,220 pounds, sugar 3,615 ; 4 grist m. Pop. whites 1,279, slaves 337 ; total, 1,616. Montgomery, county, Ala. Situated a little s. E. of the centre of the state, and contains 900 sq. ms. Drained by branches of Coosa and Tal- lapoosa rivers, which run on its n. and w. bor- ders. Cotton is the chief production. Capital, Montgomery. There were in 1840, neat cattle 25,335, sheep 9,590, swine 56,408 ; wheat 7,907 bush, produced, rye 3,052, Indian corn 1,353,917, barley 578, oats 72,741, potatoes 87,214, rice 22,847 pounds, tobacco 2,3j6, cotton 14,871,463 ; 2 commission houses, cap. $5,500 ; 29 stores, cap. $429,100 ; 2 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 8 grist ra., 5 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $212,653. 1 college, 62 stu- dents, 4 acad. 212 students, 21 sch. 678 scholars. Pop. whites 8,972, slaves 15,486, free col'd 116 ; tolal, 24,574. Montgomery, county, Tenn. Situated toward the N. w. part of the state, and contains 500 sq. ms. Drain 3d by Cumberland r. and its branches, particidarly Red r., from the n. e. Capital, Clarkesville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 17,711, sheep 13,117, swine 52,782; wheat 83,942 bush, produced, rye 2,9S5, Ind. corn 910,000, oats 222,527, potatoes 22,420, tobacco 2,549,934 pomids, coilon 4,802 ; 24 stores, cap. $206,475 ; 6 furnaces, 3 forges, 7 tanneries, 6 distilleries, 5 flouruig m., 21 grist m., 20 saw m. Cap. in manulac. $329,000. 3 acad. 127 students, 14 sch. 379 scholars. Pop. whites 9,762, slaves 7,059, free col'd 106 ; total, 16,927. Montgomery, county, Ky. Situated centrally ill the E. part of the slate, and contains 260 sq. 54 ms. Drained by Red r. and its tributaries, a branch of Kentucky r., and by a branch of Lick- ing r. Capital, Mount Sterling. There were in 1840, lieat cattle 11,652, sheep 16,189, swine 33,183 ; wheat 48,191 bush, produced, rye 41,060, Indian corn 735,698, oats 69,149, potatoes 13,789, sugar 64,212 pounds ; 14 stores, cap. $144,200 ; 4 tanneries, 1 distillery, 14 grist m., 11 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $53,918. 20 sch. 473 scholars. Pop. whites 6,409, slaves 2,735, free col'd 188 ; total, 9,332. MoNTGO.MERY, county, O, Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 480 sq. ms. Drained by Miami r. and its branches. The sur- face is level or slightly rolling ; soil, generally fertile. Capital, Dayton. Tliere were in 1840, neat cattle 16,24.5, sheep 29,631, swine 39,298; wheat 365,938 bush, produced, rye 54,227, Ind. corn 814,707, buckwheat 3,359, barley 4,728, oats 374,481, potatoes 34,098, sugar 122,394 pounds; 130 stores, cap. $426,800 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. .$65,000 ; 3 fulling m., 5 woollen fac, 6 cotton fac. 3,530 sp., 12 tanneries, 30 distilleries, 2 brew- eries, 2 potteries, 34 llourhig m., 11 grist m., 56 saw m., 2 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 binderies, 1 weekly and 1 periodical newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $423,160. 2 acad. 82 students, 100 sch. 7,122 scholars. Pop. 31,938. Montgomery, county, la. Situated n. w. of the centre of the state, and contains 504 sq. ms. Drained by Sugar, Big, and Little Racoon creeks. The surface is undulating ; soil, very fertile. Cap- ital, Cravvfordsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,703, sheep 15,831, swine 35,711 ; wheat 84,709 bush, produced, rye 3,793, Ind. corn 993,785, buckwheat 1,771, oats 98,621, potatoes 25,630, to- bacco 17,332 pounds, sugar 175,432 ; 33 stores, cap. $107,665; 1 fulling ra., 11 woollen fac, 11 tanneries, 8 distilleries, 1 pottery, 12 flouring m., 12 grist m., 37 saw m., lo oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $115,971. 1 college, 100 students, 2 acad. 243 students, 29 sch. &z6 scholars. Pop. 14,348. Montgomery, county, 111. Situated a little s. of the centre of the state, and contains 634 sq. ms. Drained by Shoal cr. and its branches, the head waters of Macoupin cr., and a branch of the soutlt ibrk of Sangamon r. The surface is ele- vated and undulathig, consisting of timber and prairie ; soil, fertile. Capital, Hilisboro. There were in 1S40, neat cattle 7,464, sheep 7,076, swine 13,517; wheat 27,500 bush, produced, rye 1,222, Ind. corn 215,592, buckwheat 1,336, oats 57,608, potatoes 9,995, tobacco 5,131 pounds; 9 stores, cap. $31,281 ; 2 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 25 grist m., 17 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manulac. §19,463. 1 acad. 186 students, 7 sch. 391 scholars. Pop. 4,490. Montgomery, couniy, Mo. Situated toward the E. part of the state, and contains 576 sq. ms. Missouri r. runs on its s. border. Drained by Au Cuivre and Loutre creeks. The surface is undulating ; soil, various. Capital, Danville. There were in 1840, neai, cattle 4,858, sheep 5,397, swine 9,934; wheat 12,717 bush, produced, rye 1,148, lad. corn 122,490,oats 26,289, potatoes 7,634, tobacco 837,039 pounds; 12 stores, cap. $35,190; 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §1,356. 1 acad. 28 students, 5 sch. 74 scholars. Pop. wliites 3,524, slaves 827, free col'd 2tJ ; total, 4,371. Montgomery, p-i., Franklin co., Vt., 61 n. Montpelier, 56^ W. Drained by Trout r.. a branch of the Missisque r. and its tributaries, which afl!brd water power. On the r. is a tract of fertile interval land, back of which ihe surface is moun- tainous and rough. It contains a Congregation- MON 426 MON nlist and an Episcopal churcli, chartered in 1780. It has one store, cap. $1,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 wool- len fac, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,500. 4 sch. 81 scholars. Pop. 548. Mo.NTGOMERY, p-t., Hampden co., Mass., 103 w. by s. Boston, 372 W. Situated on the n. side of Westfield r., which affords water power. Char- tered in 1780. The soil is well adapted to graz- ing, and many sheap are raised. It has 1 store. cap. $800 ; 1 saw m., 3 sch. 85 scholars. Pop. 740. Montgomery, p-t., Orange co., N. Y., 95 s. s. w. Albany, 2S8 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, a fertile clay and gravelly loam. Drained by Wallkill r. The v. is situated on the e. bank of the Wallkill. Incorporated in IHIO, and contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Dutch Reformed, 1 Methodist — an academy, 8 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 iron foundry, 1 tannery, 160 dweUings, and about 1,000 inhabitants. There are in the t. 1 acad. 61 students, 9 sch. 440 scholars. Pop. 4,100. Montgomery, t., Somerset co., N. J., 12 s. w. Somerville. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay, sandy loam, and red shale. Drained by Beden's brook and its tributaries, and Stony brook. It contains several villages. It has 7 stores, cap. $13,000; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,800. 7 sch. 212 scholars. Pop. 1,482. MoNTGO.MERV, t., Franklin co., Pa., 16 s. w. Chambersburg. The surface is level ; soil, chief- ly calcareous loam. Drained by Conecocheague cr. and its tributaries. It has 11 stores, cap. $73,000 ; 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 10 distilleries, 2 potteries, 3 flouring m., 6 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in manufac $12,040. 1 college, 64 students, 1 acad. 54 students, 21 sch. 795 scholars. Pop. 4,360. Montgomery, t., Montgomery co.. Pa., 20 n. Philadelphia. Drained by Wisahickon or., and the w. branch of Neshaminy cr., the former of which flows s. to the Schuylkill, the latter e. to the Delaware. The surface is level ; soil, red ehale and loam. The v., called Montgomery Square, contains 1 store, an academy, and 8 or 10 dwellings. The t. has 3 stores, cap. $5,750 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,100. 2 sch. 70 scholars. Pop. 1,007. Montgomery, t., Indiana co.. Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $100 ; 1 pottery, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,632. Pop. 787. Montgomkry, p-v., Sycamore t., Hamilton co., O., 107 s. w. l)y w. Columbus, 480 W. Montgomery, t., Franklin CO., O. It contains in its western part the city of Columbus, the cap- ital of the st;ite. Its territory is small, but it is wealthy and populous. The surface is gently undulating ; soil, fertile. Chartered in 1807. Pop. 1,449, exclusive of Columbus city. Montgomery, t., Marion Co., O. It has 3 sch. 120 scholars. Pop. 552. Montgomery, t., Richland co., O. Pop. 2,445. Montgomery, t.. Wood co., O. It has 5 sch. 150 scholars. Pop. 609. Montgomery, t., Benton co.. Mo. Pop. 633. 3Iontgomi:rv, p-o., Sumner co., Tcnn., 21 n. ISashville, 682 W. Montgomery, city, and capital of Montgome- ry CO., Ala., 200 N. E. Mobile, 112 s. e. Tu.s- caloosa, 839 W. Situated on the k. side of Ala- bama r.,on a high bluff, at the head of steamhoat navigation. It contains 7 churches — 1 Presby- terian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist Epis- copal, 1 Methodist Protestant, 1 Universalis!, and 1 Roman Catholic — 2 academies, 30 stores, 200 dweUings, and 2,250 inhabitants. Founded in 1817. Cotton is yearly shipped to the amount of 40,000 bales, averaging 500 pounds each. A railroad connects tius place, 87i miles, with West Point, Georgia. Montgomery, p-o.. Holmes co., Miss., 43 n. Jackson, 1,016 W. Montgo.mery Bridge, p-o., Armstrong co., Pa., 169 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 222 W. 3I0XTG0.MERY (.'ross Ro.\ds, p-o., Montgomery t., Wood CO., O., 103 N. w. Columbus, 448 W. Montgo.mery's Ferry, p-o.. Perry co., Pa., 19 N. w. Harrisburg, 134 W. It contains a few dwellings. Here is a ferry across the Susque- hanna r. 3I0NTGOMERYVILLE, p-v.,3Iontgomery co.. Pa., 101 E. Harrisburg, 15'J W. It contains a Baptist church, 2 stores, and 12 or 15 dwellings. MoNTiCELLO, t., Aroostook co.. Me. It has 1 saw m. MoNTicELLO, p-v.. Capital of Sullivan co., N. Y., 110 s. W.Albany, 294 W. Situated in Thomp- son t.,and on the Newbnrgh and Cochecton turn- pike. Incorporated in 1830, and contams a court house, jail, county clerk's office, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Episcopal church, 5 stores, 1 tannery, 90 dwellings, and about 500 inhabitants. flIoNTicELLo, p-v., Fairfield dist., S. C, 31 n. Columbia, 499 W. MoNTicELLO, p-v., capital of Jasper co., Ga., 35 w. N. w. 3Iilledgeville, 642 W. It contains a court liouse, jail, an academy, 1 Baptist and 1 3Icthodist church, 19 stores and 60 dwellings. MoNTiCELLO, p-v.. Capital of Jefferson co., Flor., 29 E. N. E. Tallahassee^ 925 W. Situated on a ridge, 4 miles e. of the Anckasooky lake, and 10 miles s. of the Georgia line. It contains a court house and a few dwellings. MoNTicELLO, p-v.. Pike co., Ala., 169 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 849 W. Situated on a small branch of Pea r. MoNTiCELLO, p-v.. Capital of Lawrence co., Miss., 85 s. Jackson, 1,064 W. Situated on the w. side of Pearl r., and contains a court house and several dwellings. Monticeli.o, p-v., capital of Wayne co., Ky., 110 s. Frankfort, 599 W. Situated on the N. side of Beaver cr., a branch of Cumberland r. It contains a court house, and 1 42 hihabitants. Monticello, p-v., capital of White co., la., 73 N. N. w. Indianapolis, 632 W. Situated on the w. bank of Tippecanoe r. It has a court house, and several stores and dwellings. Monticeli.o, p-v., capital of Piatt co., 111. Situated on the e. side of Sangamon r., and con- tains a court house, and about 100 inhabitants. Monticello, p-v., capital of Lewis co.. Mo., 145 N. by e. Jefferson City, 912 W. Situated on the N. e. side of North Fabias r. It has a court house, and several stores and dwellings. JIoNTi'ELiER, p-t., capital of Washington co., and of the state of Vermont. It is situated on an alluvial plain of moderate extent, at the junc- tion of the N. and s. branches of Winooski or Onion r., surrounded by elevated hills, some of which rise abruptly — in 44° 16' n. lat., and 71° 33 w. Ion., 38 e. s. e. Burlington, 60 n. Windsor, l.')0 N. N. E. Albany, 160 n. n. w. Boston, 97 n. N. w. Concord, N. H., 516 W. Pop. in 1830, 1,792 ; 1840, 3,725. The surface is uneven ; soil, very fertile. Watered by Winooski or Onion r. and its branches. At the centre is a small v., con- taining a Methodist church. The principal vil- lage is situated in the s. w. part ot the t., and about 10 ms. n. e. of the geographical centre of the state. It became the capital of the slate in 1805. Onion r. and its branches here afford a good water power. The t. was chartered in MON 427 MOO 1780, and first settled in 1786, on the present site of the village. The road through the Green mountains, which passes through this place, en- counters no high hills, and constitutes 3iontpelier V, a great thoroughiare. The v. contains a court house, jail, an academy, 4 churches — ti Congregational, 1 Methodist, and 1 Universalist — and 1,700 inhabitants. Among the public buildings is the state house, an elegant granite edifice, 150 feet long ; the centre, including the portico, 109 leet deep ; and the wmgs, 72 feet deep. The front in the centre has a fine Doric portico of 6 columns, 6 feet in diameter at the base, and 36 feet high. The edifice is surmount- ed by a dome, 100 feet high at the top, from the ground. In the interior are convenient state ofiices, and spacious and elegant rooms for the senate and house of representatives. The vil- lage was incorporated in IS 18. There are in the t. 22 stores, cap. $127,900 ; 1 furnace, 1 ful- Jing m., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 5 saw m., 1 paper m., 6 printing oflices, 1 bindery, 2 daily and 6 weekly newspapers, and 1 periodical. Cap. in raanufac. $82,773. 1 acad. 101 students, 20 sch. y75 scholars. jMontpelier, p-o., Hanover co., Va., 23 n. Richmond, 112 W. MoNTPELiKR, p-v., Richmond co., N. C, 91 s. w. Raleigh, 379 W. MoNTPELiER, p-v., Mouroe CO., Ga., 17 w. Macon. Here is a large hotel, and a mineral spring of some celebrity. MoNTPELiER, p-v., Marengo co., Ala. Mo.NTPELiER, p-v., Blackford co., la., 81 N. E. Indianapolis, 532 VV. Situated on the s. side of fcjalaraanie r. MoNTPELiER, p-o., Muscatine co., Iowa. Mo.\TRo.«E, p b., Bridgewater t., capital of Susquehanna co.. Pa., 173 N. N. e. Harrisburg, 2S5 W. Situated on elevated ground, near the sources of Wyalusing and Mishoppen creeks, which flow into the Susquehanna r. It was founded in IcJll, and contains a court house, jail, 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — 14 stores, cap. $71,500; 1 tannery, 3 printing oflices, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $19,305. 1 acad. 110 students, 3 sch. 133 scholars. Fop. 632. Mo.vTOUR, t., Columbia co.. Pa. It has 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,060. 3 sch. 95 scholars. Pop. 809. Montrose, p-v., Leo co., Iowa. It is situated on elevated ground, on a beautiful prairie, and commands a view of the Mississippi r., and of the surrounding country for 20 miles. It is op- posite to the Mormon city of Nauvoo. This was the site of the " Camp Des Moines," and here are many remains of ancient mounds. MoNTUREsviLLE, p-v., Lycoming co., Pa., 95 N. Harrisburg, 205 W. MoNTVAiL Springs, p-o., Blount co., Tenn., 194 E. by s. Nashville, 532 W. MoNTViLLE, p-t., Waldo CO., Me., 26 e. n. e. Augusta, 622 W. Dramed by head branches of Sheepscot r. Incorporated in 1807. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. It has 4 stores, cap. $1,570 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist ra., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,300. 15 sch. 832 scholars. Pop. 2,153. MoNTViLLE, t.. New London co., Ct., 36 s. e. Hartford, 360 W. Situated about midway between Norwich and New London. Thames r. bounds it on the e. The surface is uneven ; soil, fertile. Watered by Yantic r., which affords water power. It contains 5 churches — 2 Congrega- tioualists, 2 Baptist, and 1 in the Mohegan Indian reservation. There is a small remnant of this once powerful and friendly tribe remaining, to whose use 2,700 acres of land are secured. The greater part of the men follow the whaling busi- ness, and are but occasionally here. They have a small church and school house. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 3 fulling m., 5 woollen fac, 4 grist m., 5 saw in., 1 oil m. Cap. in manu- fac. ,$80,000. 11 sch. 432 scholars. Population, 1,990. MoNTViLLE, p-v., Pequannock t., Morris co., N. J., 67 N. by E. Trenton, 238 W. Situated in a deep valley, through which the Morris canal passes, by 2 inclined planes. It contains a Dutch Reformed church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., and 15 or 20 dwellings. MoNTViLLE, p-t., Geauga co., O., 180 n. e. by N. Columbus, 339 VV. It has 1 store, cap. $4,000 ; 1 saw ra., 2 sch. 63 scholars. Pop. 567. MoNTviLLE, t., Medina co., O. It has 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,348. 4 sch. 181 schol- ars. Pop. 914. Monument, p-v., Sandwich t, Barnstable co., 3Iass., 60 s. Boston, 461 W. Situated on the e. side of Buzzard's bay. It has 1 Methodist church, and several dwellings. MooDus, p-o., Eiist Iladdam t., Middlesex Co., Ct., 27 s. Hartford, 33J W. MooERS, p-t., Clinton co., N. Y., 18 n. Platts- burg, 198 N. Albany, 573 W. The surface is hilly and broken ; soil, various. Drained by Chazy r., which enters Lake Champlain, and English r., which flows into Canada. The v. is on the N. side of Chazy r., and contains 1 Con- gregational, and 1 Methodist church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 cloth dressing and carding machine, 25 dwellings, and about 130 inhabit- ants. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $18,400 ; 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 25 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $60,103. 10 sch. 259 scholars. Pop. 1,703. Moon, t., Beavec co.. Pa. It has 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,600. 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 748. Moon, p-t., Alleghany co.. Pa. Ohio r. bounds it on the n. e. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam. Drained by Raveden's, Flaugherty's, and Mon- ture's run. The v. of Middleton is on Ohio r., 10 ms. below Pittsburg, opposite to Neville island. It contains 4 stores, cap. $5,600 ; 2 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $4,400. 7 sch. 245 scholars. Pop. 1,281. MooNEY, t., Polk CO., Mo. Pop. 864. Mooney, t., Phillips CO., Ark. It has 2 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $5,000. Pop. 348. Moon's, p-o., Fayette co., O., 58 s. w. Colum- bus, 431 W. Moore, county, N. C. Situated a little s. w. of the centre of the state, and contains 740 sq. ms. Drained by Deep and Haw rivers, and the sources of Lumber r. The soil is generally fer- tile on the margins of streams. Capital, Carthage. There were in 1810, neat cattle 3,460, sheep 5,43l), swine 6,570 ; wheat 15,643 bush, produced, rye 4,195, Ind. corn 30,325, oats 17,211, potatoes 20,194, rice 1,756 pounds, tobacco 31,416, cotton 750,610 ; 7 stores, cap. $23,700 ; 3 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 4 flouring m., 57 grist m., 14 saw m., 11 sch. 274 scholars. Pop. whites 6,443, slaves 1,472, free col'd 73 ; total, 7,988. Moore, t., Northampion co.. Pa. The surface is rolling ; soil, gravel. Drained by the head waters of Hockeiidoque and Monokissy creeks. Blue mountain forms its N. boundary, in which is an opening, denominated Smith's gap. It has 4 stores, cap. $9,0l)0 ; 1 lumberyard, cap. $1,500 ; 2 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 5 grist m., MOO 428 MOR 5 saw m. Cap. in raanufac. $24,200. 4 sch. 199 scholars. Pop. 2,389. Moore's Creek, p-o., N. Hanover co., N. C, 124 s. s. E. Raleigh, 354 W. MooREFiELD, p-v., capital of Hardy co., Va., 178 N. w. Richmond, 130 W. Situated on the E. bank of the s. branch of Potomac r., at the junc- tion of the s. Fork. It is in one of the richest valleys in Va., and contains a court house, jail, 1 churcli, free to all denominations, 5 stores, 2 flouring m., 2 carding and fulling m., 50 dwell- ings, and about 300 inhabitants. MooREFiEi.D, p-v., Nicholas co., Ky., 58 e. by N. Frankfort, 501 W. Situated on a small branch of Licking r. MooREFiELD, p-t, Harrison co., O., 102 e. by N. Columbus, 295 W. MooREFiELD, p-v.. Switzerland co., la., 95 s. E. Indianapolis, 546 W. MooRESBORo', p-v., Cleveland co., N. C. Situated on w. side of Sandy run, 16 ms. from Rutherfordton. MooRESBURG, p-v.. Liberty t., Columbia co.. Pa., 77 N. by e. Harrisburg, 187 W. Moore's Cross Ro.\ds, p-o., Hardiman co., Tenn., 194 s. w. by w. Nashville, 879 W. Moore's Hill, p-o.. Dearborn co., la., 74 s. e. Indianapolis, 53!) W. Moore's Iron Works, p-o., Johnson co., Tenn., 323 e. by n. Nashville, 401 W. Moore's Prairie, p-o., Jefferson co.. 111., 143 s. R. w. Springfield, 789 W. Moore's Salt Works, p-o., Ross t., Jeffer- son CO., O., 133 E. by n. Columbus, 280 W. Moore's Store, p-o., Shenandoah co., Va., 15S N. W.Richmond, 125 W. Moorestown, p-v., Chester t, Burlington co., N. J., 26 s. Trenton, 148 W. Situated near the N. branch of Pensauken cr., and contains 2 churches — 1 Friends and 1 Methodist — 5 stores, and about 60 dwellings. MooREsviLLE, p-v., Roxbury t., Delaware co., N. Y., 58 w. s. w. Albany, 359 W. MooKE.sviLLE, p-v., Orange co., N. C, 75 n. w. Raleigh, 294 W. MooRESviLLE, p-v., Limestone co., Ala., 146 N. by E. Tuscaloosa, 732 W. 3IooREsviLLE, p-v., Marshall co., Tenn., 60 s. by w. Nashville, 718 W. MooREsviLLE, p-v., Morgau co., la., 16 s. w. Indianapolis, 537 W. Situated on the e. side of White Lick cr. Moorland, p-o., Morcfield t., Wayne co., O., 95 N. E. Columbus, 353 W. Moose, r., N. II., rises on the n. side of the White mountains, and enters Androscoggin r., in Shelburnc. BloosE, r., N. Y., rises in Hamilton co., and flowing across Herkimer and Lewis counties, enters Black r., a short distance above the High Falls. MoosEiiEAH Lake, Me., is 40 ms. long, and from 10 to 15 broad, and contains 100,000 acres. It is the .source of the e. branch of Kennebec river. Moosehillock, mountain, N. H., 14 e. Hav- erhill, in the s. e. part of Coventry, so called from the moose, which formerly abounded on it, has 2 peaks. The south peak is 4,0;j2 feet above Connecticut r., at Oxford Dri feet above the ocean. Its summit is a bare mass of granite rock, on parts of which snow is found in every month, excepting July. Moot^E Meadows, p-o., Tolland co., Ct. Moose River, p-o., Somerset co., Me., 113 n. Augusta, 708 W. Moosop, D-o., Windham co., Ct., 45 e. Hart- ford, 376 W. Moral, t., Shelby co., la. It has 1 distillery. 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,200, Pop. 1,146. Moravia, p-t, Cayuga co., N. Y., 158 w. Al- bany, 322 W. The surface is uneven, with a broad valley, through which flows the Owasco inlet, atTording good water power. The soil in the valleys is fertile. Owasco lake lies on its n. vv. border. The v., incorporated in 1837, con- tains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Episcopal church, 5 stores, 1 cotton fac, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 tan- nery, 100 dwellings, and about 000 inhabitants. The Moravian Institute is located here. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. $19,100 ; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $S7,050. 1 acad. 177 students, 12 sch. 720 scholars. Pop. 2,010. Moravia, p-o., Beaver co., Pa., 248 w. by n. Harrisburg. 3I0RDANSVILLE, p-v., Columbia co., Pa. MoREAij, p-t., Saratoga co., N. Y., 50 n. Alba- ny, 421 W. The surface is mostly level, with some hills on the e. ; soil, sand, loam, and clay, and generally fertile. Hudson r. flows on iu n. and E. boundary, having here a great bend. It embraces part of Baker's falls. Glen's falls, and the great dam at Fort Edward, and has extensive water power. It contains 5 stores, cap. .§5.900 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. §20,000. 9 sch. 319 scholars. Pop. 1,576. MoREAU, t., Morgan co.. Mo. It has 3 sch. 64 scholars. Pop. 790. MoREAU, p-t., Colo CO., Mo., 18 s. w. Jeflfbrson City, 954 W. It has 2 sch. 54 scholars. Pop. 975. IMoREFiELD, t., Clark co., O. It has 6 sch. 170 scholars. Pop. 1,071. MoREFiELD, t., Harrison co , 0. It has 8 sch. 235 scholars. Pop. 1,505. MoREiiousE, t., Hamilton co., N. Y., 82 n. w. Albany. The surface is diversified ; soil, sandy loam. It contains numerous lakes and ponds, giving rise to various streams. It has 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,250. 2 sch. 43 scholars. Pop. 109. AloREHOusEViLLE, p-v., Morehouse t., Hamil- ton ('o., N. v., 117 N. w. Albany, 432 W. It has 10 or 15 dwellings, and 3 saw m., on Canada cr., half a mile n. MoRELAND, p-o., Dix t., Chemuug co., N. Y., 198 w. by s. Albany, 301 W. MoRELANi), t., Montgomery co.. Pa., 14 n. e. Norristown, 10 n. Philadelphia. Watered by Pennypack cr. and its tributaries. "^I'he surface is rolling; soil, a feriile loam. At Ilatboro' v. there is an academy. It has 8 stores, cap. $33,700; 1 cotton fac. "l,872 sp., 1 tannery, 1 pa- per fac, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 2 flouring m., 8 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $51,810. 1 acad. 70 students, 3 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. 2,102. 3I0RELAND, p-t., Lycoming co.. Pa., 94 n. Har- risburg, 204 W. The surlace is hilly ; soil, gravel. Drained by Little 3Iuncy cr. It abounds with good white pine timber. It has 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $3,900. 5 sch. 59 scholars. Pop. 682. MoRELAND, t., Philadelphia co.. Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000. Cap. in manufac. $400. 1 sch. 12 scholars. Pop. 409. MoR ELAND, p-o., Bourbon co., Ky., 32 e Frankfort, 514 W. Mo u ELAND, t., Scott CO., Mo. It lias 2 sch. 33 scholars. Pop. 1,318. Moreman's River, p-o., Albemarle cc, Va. MOR 429 MOR i06 w. N. w. Richmond, 142 W. It has one store. MoRENEi, p-o., Lenawee co., Mich., 99 s. w. Detroit, 507 W. MoRETs Mill, p-o., Ashe co., N. C. MoRETOWN, p-t., Washington co., Vt., 13 s. w. Montpelier, 512 W. The surface is mountainous, and much of it incapable of cuhivation. Char- tered in 1763 ; first settled in 1790. Watered by Mad r., which flows into Winooski r., and affords water power. It contains 1 Congregationalist and 1 Methodist church. It has 1 store, cap. $500 ; 2 fulling m., 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,910. 9 sch. 223 scholars. Pop. 1,12S. 3I0RGAN, county, Va. Situated in the n. part of tiie state, and contains 350 sq. ms. Drained by Cacapon r. and Sleepy cr., which fl(3W into the Potomac. The surface is broken and rocky ; soil, in the valleys, fertile. Capital, Bath. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,801, sheep 3,830, swine 5,669 ; wheat 37,527 bush, produced, rye 13,812, Ind. corn 63,101, buckwheat 4,880, oats 41,590, potatoes 17,355, tobacco 641 pounds, sugar 4,228 ; 12 stores, cap. $44,500 ; 1 fulling m.. 2 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 2 potteries, 5 flouring m., 12 grist m., 25 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,044. 14 sch. 317 scholars. Pop. whites 4,113, slaves 134, free col'd 6; total, 4,253. Morgan, county, Ga. Situated a little n. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 320 sq. ms. Drained by branches of Oconee r. Capi- tal, Madison. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,640, sheep 3,360, .swine 18,568; wheat 31,210 bush, produced, Ind. com 332,116, oats 173,700, cotton 8,247,150 pounds. Pop. whites 3,461, slaves 5,646, free col'd 14 ; total, 9,121. Morgan, county, Ala. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 720 sq. ms. Tennessee r. runs on its n. boundary. Drained by Flint r. and Cotaco cr., and their branches, which flow into the Tennessee r. Capital, Summerville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 13,059, sheep 4,488, swine 35,844 ; wheat 25,262 bush, pro- duced, Ind. corn 783,093, barlev 1,188, oats 48,954, potatoes 14,603, tobacco 7,223 pounds, cotton 7,384,274 ; 1 commission house, cap. $15,000; 12 stores, cap. $46,300; 1 tannery, 5 distilleries, 16 grist m., 5 saw ra., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $7,511. 5 acad. 131 students, 21 sch. 443 scholars. Pop. whites 6,580, slaves 3,216, free col'd 45 ; total, 9,341. Morgan, county, Tenn. Situated n. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 640 sq. ms. Drained by Emery r. and its branches, which flows into the Tennessee r., and by branches of the s. fork of Cumberland r. The surface is un- even and mountainous, being traversed by the Cumberland mountains. Capital, Montgomery. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,321, sheep 1,585, swine 10,224 ; wheat 1,261 bush, produced, Ind.com 53,251, oats 13,561, potatoes 4,3% ; 3 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 2 taimeries, 2 distilleries. Cap. in manufac. $3,000. Pop. wliites 1,534, slaves 84, free col'd 42; total, 1,660. Morgan, county, Ky. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 890 sq. ms. Drained by Licking r. and its branches, and by a branch of Kentucky r., by which it is well watered. Capital, West Liberty. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,594, sheep 6,261, swine 13,566; wheat 6,586 bush, produced, rve 1,956, Ind. corn 193,697, oats 31,849, potatoes 9,179, tobacco 1,903 pounds, sugar 24,304 ; 6 stores, cap. $12,500 ; 4 tanneries, 3 grist m., 3 saw, Cap. in manufac. $3,561. Pop. whites 4,539, slaves 61, free cold 3 ; total, 4,603. Morgan, county, O. Situated toward the s. E. part of the state, and contains 500 sq. ms. Drained by Muskingum r. and its branches, and by Duckcr., which afford extensive water power. The surface is uneven ; soil, fertile. There are extensive salt works on the Muskingum, which produce over 400,000 bushels annually. The wells from which the brine is obtained are from 6 to 800 feet deep. Capital, McC'onnelsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 13,134, sheep 28,440, swine 26,636 : wheat 233,880 bush, pro- duced, Ind. com 447,630, buckwheat 2,498, oats 181,447, potatoes 51,201, tobacco 49,900 pounds, sugar 62,640 ; 33 stores, cap. $59,957 ; 1 fulling m., 12 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 1 brewery, 1 pot- tery, 20 grist m., 44 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $49,595. 119 sch. 4,449 scholars. Population, 20,852. Morgan, county, la. Situated a little s. w. of the centre of the state, and contains 453 sq. ms. Drained by the w. fork of White r. and its branches. White r. is navigable. The surface is rolling or hilly ; soil, very fertile. Capital, Martinsville. There were in "1840, cattle 10,964, sheep 12,871, swine 36,231; wheat 49,217 bush, produced, rye 1,078, Ind. corn 475,753, oats 78,757, sugar 36,222 pounds ; 15 stores, cap. $54,750 ; 1 woollen fac, 6 tanneries, 5 distille- ries, 2 potteries, 5 flouring m., 8 grist m., 16 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $^39,400. 53 sch. 2,050 scholars. Pop. 10,741. MoRGA.N, county, 111. Situated a little E. of the centre of the state, and contains 510 sq. ms. Illinois r. runs on its w. border. Drained by Indian, jMauvaiseterre, Apple, and Sandy creeks, which afford water power. The surface is di- vided into timber and prairie lands ; soil, fertile and well cultivated. It is destined to be one of the richest agricultural counties in the state. Capital, Jacksonville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 19,558, sheep 13,037, swine 33,568 ; wheat 60,831 bush, produced, rve 3,722, Indian com 799,210, barley 8,130, oats 96,227, potatoes 31,111, tobacco 1,200 pounds ; 47 stores, cap. $201,950 ; 5 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 20 grist m., 16 saw m., 1 paper fac, 2 printing offices, 1 bindery, 1 week- ly and 1 periodical newspaper. Cap. in manu- fac $65,738. 1 college, 35 students, 6 acad. 222 students, 60 sch. 1,752 scholars. Pop. 19,547. Morgan, county, 3Io. Situated in the central part of the state, and contains 792 sq. ms. The surface consists of woodland and prairie ; soil, on the streams, fertile. It contains .^ome miner- als. Drained by the s. fork of La iMine r., 3Io- reau cr., and branches of Osage r. Capital, Ver- sailles. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,954, sheep 3,913, swine 17,437; wheat 9,225 bush, produced, Ind. corn 163,420, oats 27,632, potatoes 7,177 tobacco 17,831 pounds, cotton 951, sugar 2,135; 7 stores, cap. $24,500; I tannery, 1 distil- lery, 8 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $950. 1 acad. 30 students, 5 sch. 121 scholars. Pop. whites 3,891, slaves 512, free col'd 4 ; total, 4,407. Morgan, t., Orleans co., Vt., 50 n. e. Montpe- lier, 15 N. .\. e. Irasburg. Surface moderately uneven ; soil, fertile. Watered by a head branch of Clyde r. Seymour's lake, 4 ms. long and 2 wide, in the central part of the t., discharges its waters to the s. through Echo pond, into CAyiie r. Chartered in 1780. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 4 sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 422. Morgan, t., Greene co.. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 distiller- MOR 430 MOR ies, 5 grist rn., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $'27,170. 5 sell. 123 scholars. Pop. 1,091. AIoRGAN, p-t., Ashtabula co., O., 195 n. e. Co- lumbus, 35.5 W. Watered by Grand r. It has 2 stores, cap. §1,100 ; 3 tanneries, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,650. 3 sch. 120 schol- ars. Pop. 643. Moii(;an, t., Butler co., O. It has 9 sch. 450 scliolars. Pop. 1,726. MoRciAN, t., Gallia co., O. It has 2 stores, cap. !?3';K); 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $240. 3 sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 714. Morgan, t., Knox co., O. It has 8 sch. 290 scholars. Pop. 912. Morgan, t., Morgan co., O. It contains the v. of McConnel.sville, the capital of the co. It has 10 stores, cap. $23,6'J0 ; 2 tanneries, 1 brewery, 2 printing oHices, 2 weekly newspapers, 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,6S5. 5 sch. 475 schol- ars. Pop. 1,518. Morgan, t., Scioto co., O. Situated on the w. side of Scioto r. The land is hilly, with fertile valleys. The Ohio canal passes through it. It has 2 sch. 38 scholars. Pop. 265. Morgan, t.. Livingston co., Mo. It has 1 sch. 17 scholars. Pop. 178. Morgan, t., Polk co., Mo. It has 3 schools 60 scholars. Pop. 870. Morgan, C. II., p-v., capital of Morgan co., Tenn., 156 e. Nashville, 54S W. Situated on the w. side of Emerys r. It has a court house and several dwellings. Morgan's Crkek, p-o.. Perry co., Tenn., 99 s. w. Nashville, 783 W. MoRGANFiKLD, p-v.. Capital of Union co., Ky., 231 w. s. w. Frankfort, 748 W., 10 ms. s. of Oliio r. It has a court house and several dwellings. MoRGANsntiRG, p-v.. Fauquicr co., Va., 108 n. by w. Richmond, 81 W. Morgan's Fork, p-o.. Pike co., O., 74 s. Co- lumbus, 409 W. Morgantown, p-v., Caernarvon t., Berks co., Pa., 56 E. Harrisburg, 134 W. It contains a Ger- man Presbyterian church, 2 stores, 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Morgantown, p-v., capital of Monongalia co., Va., 295 N. w. Richmoml, 218 W. Situated on the E. bank of Monougahela r., at the head of steamboat navigation. It contains a court house, jail, 2 churches — 1 Presbyterian and 1 Method- ist — 1 female academy, 8 stores, 2 llouring m., 1 fulling m., a printing ollice, issuing a weekly new.spaper, 100 dwellings, and about 700 inhabit- ants. It is the centre of an extensive manufac- turing region. MoitGANTOw.N, pv., Burke co., N. C, 197 w. Raleigli, 427 VV. Situated on the s. side of the Catawba r. It has a court house, jail, and sev- eral stores and dwellings. jMoitGANTOwN, p-v., BlouHt CO., Tcun., 178 E. by s. Nashville, 534 W. Morgantown, p-v., capital of Butler co., Ky., 143 s. w. by w. Frankfort. Situated on the s. side of (ireen r. It has a court house, and sev- eral stores and dwellings. Morgantown. p-v., iMorgan co., la., 39 s. In- dianapolis, 598 W. Situated on the n. side of Big Indian cr. MoRGANVii.LE, p-o., Nottoway co., Va., 55 s. w. Richmond, 175 W. MoRiAii, p t., Kssex CO., N. Y., 115 n. Albany, 486 W. The surface is mountainous on the w., where is the Adirondack range, which abounds with iron ore. The soil in the valleys is a tor- tile calcareous loam. Lake Cliamplain boimds it on the e. Drained by Scliroon branch of Ilud- Eon r. The v., on elevated ground, 3 ms. w. of Lake Champlain, contains 1 Congregational and 1 Baptist church, an academy, 4 stores, 120 dwellings, and about 800 inhabitants. There are in the t. 12 stores, cap. $33,600 ; 4 furnaces, 5 forges, 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 5i saw m. Cap. in manufac. $80,950. 2 acad. 160 students, 15 sch. 597 scholars. Pop. 2,595. Moriches, p-v., Brookhaven t., Suffolk co., N. v., 218 s. s. E. Albany, 298 W. It is a scattered settlement, containing a church, 2 mills, and about 25 dwellings. 3IoaiNGvii,LE, p-v., Chatham co., N. C, 20 n. Raleigh, 294 W. MoRLEY, p-o., Canton t., St. Lawrence co.. Morning Sun, p-o., Shelby co., Tenn., 207 w. s. w. Nashville, 892 W. JMoRNiNG SuN,p-v., Israel t., Preble CO., O., Ill w. by s. Columbus, 508 W. Morris, county, N. J. Situated toward the N. part of the slate, and contains 500 square miles. Drained by Rockaway and Whippany rivers, which (low into the Passaic, and by head branches of Raritan river. The surface is hilly or mountainous toward the n., but nearly level in the valley of the Passaic to the s. ; soil, mostly red shale. Iron ore abounds, and is chiefly mag- netic. The 3Iorris canal passes through the co. There were in 1840, neat cattle 18,617, sheep 19,117, swine 12,719; wheat 27,103 bushels pro- duced, rye 72,551, Ind. corn 226,248, buckwheat 89,175, oats 262,3S5, potatoes 219,996; 96 stores, cap. $445,200; 5 lumber yards, cap. $21,800; 3 furnaces, 43 forges, 7 fulling m., 6 woollen fac, 4 cotton fac. 2,908 sp., 19 tanneries, 50 distilleries, 1 pottery, 37 grist in., 57 saw m., 4 paper fac, 3 printing offices, 2 binderies, 2 weekly newspa- pers. Cap. in manu'ac. $505,070. 10 acad. 456 students, 103 sch. 4,313 scholars. Pop. 25,814. Morris, t., Morris co., N. J., 23 w. New York. The surface, in the centre and the n., is hilly ; elsewhere, rolling or level. Passaic r. bounds it on the w. and s., by tributaries of which, and by Whippany r., it is watered. It has 23 stores, cap. $79,400 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $5,(X)0 ; 3 distil- leries, 2 paper fac, 5 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $137,380. 3 acad. 116 students, 10 sch. 341 scholars. Pop. 4,013. Morris, p-t., Tioga co.. Pa., 133 n. by w. Har- risburg, 247 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravel and clay. It has 2 saw m. Capital in manufac. $650. Pop. 120. Morris, t., (ireene co.. Pa. It has 4 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,340. 3 sch. 85 scholars. Pop. 1,162. Morris, t., Iluniingdon co., Pa. It has 4 stores, cap. $22,000; 1 commission store, capital $3,600 ; 2 furnaces, 1 forge, 3 grist m., 7 saw m. C'ap. in manufac. $5,155. Pop. 1,516. Morris, t., Washington Co., Pa. It has 1 tan- nery, 5 grist in., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $2,400. 11 sch. 330 scholars. Pop. 1,6S3. 3I0RRIS, t., Knox CO., (>. The 3 upper branch- es of Vernon r. unite in this t., forming a tract of 6,000 acres of fertile dry bottom land. It has 5 sell. 190 scholars. Pop. 1,072. MoRRisANiA, v., Westchester t., Westchester CO., N. Y. Situated on the n. e. side of Harlem r. It has 1 church, 1 store, and about 12 or 15 dwellings. Morrison's Bluff, p-o., Johnson co., Ark., 101 n. w. Little Rock, 1,169 W. Morrison's ('ross Roads, po., Warren co., Tenn., 83 s. E. by e. Nashville, 632 W. jMorrison's Tan Yard, p-o., Mecklenburg co., N. C, 158 w. s. w. Raleigh, 395 W. -MoRRisTOWN, p-t., Lamoille co., Vt., 28 N MOR 431 MOU by w. Mnntpelier, 544 W. Tlie suriace is diver- sified ; soil, fertile, parlirularly on Lamoille r., ■which affords water power. It contains 3 church- es — 1 Congregational, 1 Blethodi t, and 1 Univer- salist — and a town house for public meetings. Ciiartcred in 17.-I0; first .«ett!ed in 1790. It has 4 stores, cap. $10,S00; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 gxist m., 9 saw m., 1 oil m. Capital in manufac. $20,050. 12 sch. 423 scholars. Pop. 1,502. MoRRisTowx, p-t., St. Lawrence co., i\. Y., 199 N. N. w. Albany, 466 W. Situated on the s. T.. side of St. Lawrence r. The surface is undu- lating ; soil, clay loam. It has Black lake on it s. E. Ijorder. The v. is on the St. Lawrence r., 11 ms. above Ogdensburg, and contains 2 church- es, 3 stores, 2 storehouses, 1 steam grist m., 2 tanneries, 40 dwellings, and about 225 inhabit- ants. There i.s a good landing place on the St. Lawrence. There are in the t. 3 stores, capital §10,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,850. 15 sch. 472 scholars. Pop. 2,809. MoRRiSTOWN, p-v., and capital of Morris co., N. J., 53 N. by E. Trenton, 224 W. It is situated on an elevated plain, with steep slopes on 2 sides, commanding a picturesque view of the surround- ing country. The streets are regularly laid out, crossing each other at right angles, with a public square in the centre, ornamented with trees. It contains a handsome court house, of brick, with a jail in the basement, a bank, an academy, 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — 30 stores, 2 paper m., 1 grist m., 1 oil m., 1 iron works, 5 wagon fac, and about 2,500 inhabitants. The place is supplied with pure spring water by an aqueduct, between 1 and 2 ms. long. The Morris and Essex railroad has cars which pass 4 times daily between New- ark and Morristown, and connect with the rail- road from Philadelphia to New York. Morristown, p-v., Union t., Belmont co., O., 105 E. Columbus, 288 W. Situated on the na- tional road, 9 w. St. Clairsville. It contains a handsome Presbyterian church, of brick, 5 stores, 2 tanneries, 1 carding machine and fulling m., 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. 3IoRRisTowN, p-v., Shelby co., la., 26 e. by s. Indianapolis, 552 W. Situated on the E. side of Blue r. Morristown, p-v., capital of Henry co., El., 141 N. N. w. Springfield, 870 W. Situated 4 ms. s. of Green r. 3I0RRISTOWN, p-v., Jefferson co., Tenn., 226 E. Nashville, 458 W. Situated on the stage road from Greenville to Knoxville. MoRRisviLLE, p-v., Morristown t., Lamoille CO., Vt., 26 N. Montpelier, 542 W. MoRRisviLLE, p-v., Eaton t., capital of 3Iadi- son CO., N. Y., 102 w. by n. Albany, 359 W. Situated on the Cherry Valley turnpike. Incor- porated in 1819, and contains a court house, jail, clerk's oflice, 3 churches, an academy, 5 stores, 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 1 saw ra., 130 dwell- ings, and about 700 inhabitants. MoRRisviLLE, p-b., Bucks CO., Pa., 125 e. Har- ri.-:burg, 165 W. Situated on the w. side of Del- aware r., opposite to Trenton. The r. here affords good water power. It contains 3 stores, cap. $9,800 ; 1 saw m., 1 grist m., 1 paper m., 1 button fac, 1 sch. 65 scholars. Pop. 405. Here is a bridge across the Delaware, suspended on 5 arches, supported on piers, 1,100 feet long, and 36 wide. MoRRisviLLE, p-v., Fauquier co., Va., 88 n. by w. Richmond, 75 W. It contains 1 Baptist church, 1 store, and about 50 inhabitants. Morse Creek, p-o., McNairy co., Tenn., 153 s. w. Nashville, 831 W. Morse vfLLE, p-o., Schoharie co., N. Y., 56 w. Albany, 379 W. 3I0RTONSVILLE, p-v., AVoodford co., Ky., 19 s. e. Frankfort, 541 W. Situated 2 ms. e. of the Kentucky r. flloRVE.N', t., IMarion co., O. It has 5 sch. 230 scholars. Pop. 980. 3IoRVEiV, p-v., Anson co., N. C, 141 s. w. Raleigh, 422 W. MoRvEN. p-o., Shelby co., la., 61 s. E. Indian- apolis, 564 W. Situated on the n. side of Flat Rock cr. Moscow, t., Somerset co., Me., 58 n. Augusta. It is bounded w. by Kennebec r., by a branch of which it is watered. Incorporated in 1816. It has a fertile soil, adapted to grain. It contains 6 sch. 255 scholars. Pop. 562. Moscow, p-v., Leicester t., Livingston co., N. Y., 236 w. Albany, 353 W. Situated on elevated ground, 1 ra. w. of Genesee flats. It contains 3 churches, 4 stores, 1 grist m., 50 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants. Moscow, p-v., Washington t., Clermont co., O., 129 s. w. Columbus, 490 W. Situated on the n. bank of Ohio r. Moscow, p-t., Hillsdale co., Mich., 84 w. s. w. Detroit, 544 W. It has a fertile soil, adapted to grain. It contains 1 store, cap. .$6,000 ; 1 saw ra. <^ap. in manufac. $900. 2 sch. 58 scholars. Pop. 753. Moscow, p-v., Hickman co., Ky., 309 s. w. by w. Frankfort, 835 W. Situated on a branch of the Bayou Deslie. Moscow, p-v., Fayette co., Tenn., 194 s. w. by w. Nashville, 879 W. Situated on the N. side of Wolf cr., on the 3Iemphis railroad. Moscow, p-v., Muscatine co., Iowa. Situated on Red Cedar r. Moscow, p-v., Rush co., la., 54 s. e. Indian- apolis, 552 W. Situated on w. side of Flat Rock cr. Moscow, p-o., Marion co., Ala., 87 n. w. Tus- caloosa, 858 W. 3I0SCOW 3I1LLS, p-o., Morgan co., O. MosELY Hall, p-o., Lenoir co., N. C, 66 w. Raleigh, 29-i W. Mosquito, county, Flor. (See Leigh Read.) 3I0SSINGFORD, p-o., Charlotte co., Va., 106 s. w. Richmond, 193 W. 3I0SSY Creek, p-o., JefTerson co., Temi., 212 E. Nashville, 472 W. Motier, p-o., Pendleton co., Ky., 87 n. e. Frankfort, 500 W. 3I0TT.S, p-o., Clarke co., Ala., Ill s. Tusca- loosa, 923 W. MoTTs Corners, p-v., Caroline t., Tompkins CO., N. Y., 168 w. Albany, 298 W. It contains 1 storf^, 1 flouring m., 2 saw m., 1 clothier's works, 1 tannery, 1 plaster m., and 40 or 50 dwellings. MoTTSvii LE, p-v., Skeneateles t., Onondaga CO., N. Y., 149 w. by n. Albany, 343 W. Situ- ated on the outlet of Skeneateles lake, and con- tains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 iron foun- dry, 1 machine shop, 50 dwellings and about 300 inhabitants. Mottsville, p-t., St. Josephs co., Mich., 154 w. s. w. Detroit, 599 W. The v. is on the St. Joseph's r., and contains 2 stores and a few dwell- ings. Tho*-e is in the t. 1 brewery. Cap. 111 manufac. $300. Pop. 465. Moulton, t., Allen co., O. Pop. 263. MouLTON, p-v., capital of Lawrence co., Ala., 103 N. Tuscaloosa, 76S W. Situated on the e. side of the Big Nance cr., 20 ms. s. of the Ten- nessee r. It has a court house and several dwellings. Moultonborough, p-t., Carroll co., N. H., 46 MOU 432 MOU S. Crtncord, 527 W. Situated on the n. w. shore of Winiiipiseogee lake. The surface is moun- tainous ; soil, in some parts, fertile. It contains Squam lake, 10 m.s. long, and 6 broad in iis widest part, with many islands, and miuh roman- tic scenery, lying between this t. and ilolder- ness. Ossipee and Rod mountains contain ele- vated summits. At the base of Ossipee mt. is a mineral spring, impregnated with iron and sul- phur. In the t. is a spring which furnishes water sufficient for a mill stream, and which has, nearly a mile from its source, a perpendicular fall of 70 feet, ftlaiiy aboriginal remains are found. ( 'bar- tered in 1763. It has 3 stores, cap. 85,500; 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. S'^i^OO. 1 acad. 11 students, 18 ech. 714 scholars. Pop. ],752. MouNTAtv, p-o., Walton co., Ga., 70 n. n. w. Milledgeville, 626 W. Mountain, t.. Hot Spring co.. Ark. It has 1 sch. 15 scholars. Pop. 159. Mountain, t., Newton co.. Mo. Pop. 116. Mountain, t., Washington co., Ark. It has 6 stores, cap. $45,500 ; 2 sch. 32 scholars. Pop. 701. Mountain Cove, p-o., Fayette co., Va., 262 w. Richmond, 299 W. Mountain Creek, p-o., Lincoln co., N. C, 169 w. by s. Raleigh, 406 W. BIountai.x House, p-o., Washington co., Md., 133 N. w. Annapolis, 101 W. Mountain Island, p-o.. Lincoln co., N. C, 155 w. by s. Raleigli, 400 W. Mountain Ridge, p-o., Jackson co., O., 74 s. S. E. Columbus, 3S4 W. Mountain Shoals, p-o., Laurens dist., S. C, 82 N. w. Columbia, 505 W. Mountain Spiiixi;, p-o., Talladega co., Ala., 13S E. Tuscaloosa, 769 W. Mountain View, p o., Abbeville dist., S. C, 107 w. Columbia, 539 W. Mount Aeriel, p-o., Washita parish. La., 318 N. w. New Orleans, 1,208 W. Mount Airy, p-r., Berks co., Pa., 62 e. Har- risburg, 155 W. Mount Airy, p-o., Pittsylvania co., Va., 145 s. w. by w. Richmond, 232 W. A sulphur spring is found li m. n. e. of the v., winch is resorted to for its valuable mineral properties. Mount Airy, p-v., Surry co., N. C, 150 w. n. \v. Raleigh. 331 W. Mount Airy, p-o., Bledsoe co., Tenn., 113 e. s. e. Nashville, 602 W. Mount Airy, p-o., Gallatin co., 111., 210 e. s. E. Springfield, 777 W. Mount Airy, p-o., Randolph co., Mo., 80 n. by w. Jefferson City, 967 W. Mount Auburn, p-o., Dane co.. 111., 22 s. e. Springfield, 772 W. Mount Bktiiel, p-v., Northampton co., Pa., 123 e. n. e. llarrisburg, 216 W. Mount Bethkl, p-o., Newberry dist., S. C, 50 w. N. w. Columbia, 494 W. 3IouNT Blanchard, p-v., Delaware t., Han- cock CO., O., 76 N. w. Columbus, 447 W. Mount Camdria, p-o., C'aiiibria t., Niagara co., N. Y., 283 w. by n. Albany. Mount Carmel, p-o., Randolph co., Va., 200 N. w. by w. Richmond. Mount Carmei., p-o.. Union t., Clermont co., O., 113 s. w. Columbus, 484 W. Mount C'armkl, p-v., Fleming co., Ky., 96 e. by n. Frankfort, 481 W. Situated on n. side of I'ieming cr. It contains 1 Methodist church, and about 200 inhabitants. Mount Carmkl, p-o., Franklin co., la., 78 e. s E. Indianapolis, 508 W. Mount Carmel, p-v., capital of Wabash CO.f 111., 166 s. E. Springfield, 714 W. Situated on elevated ground, on the w. side of Illinois r. It contains a court house and jail, of brick, 1 Ger- man Reformed and 1 Methodi.st Episcopal church, 10 stores, 3 steam m., 1 ox tread m., 1 iron foun dry, and about 1,200 inhabitants. Mount Carmel, p-o.. Cooper co.. Mo., 48 w by N. Jefferson City, 984 W. Mount Car.mel, p-v., Covington co.. Miss., 94 s. R. e. Jackson, 1,044 W. Situated on the e. side of White Sand cr. Mount Cle.mens, p-v., capital of Macomb co., 3Iich., 18 N. E. Detroit, 542 W. Situated on the N. bank of Cli^i^on r., and contains a court house, jail, 8 stores, 2 steam saw m., a large glass fac, and a tannery A steamboat plies between this place and Detroit, and small vessels come here. Mount Clinton, p-o., Rockingham co., Va. Mount Clio, p-o., Sumter dist., S. C, 76 e. Columbia, 486 W. Mount Comfort, p-o., Cabarrus co., N. C, 116 w. s. w. Raleigh, 3S5 W. Mount Comfort, p-o., Fayette co., Tenn., 180 vv. s. w. Nashville, 865 W. Mount Crawford, p-v., Rockingham co., Va., 131 N. w. Richmond, 139 W. Situated on North r., and coniains 1 church, free to all denomina- tions, 3 stores, and 30 dwellings. Mount Croghan, p-o., Chesterfield dist., S C, 1 13 N. E. Columbia, 444 W. Mount De.sert, Island, Hancock co.. Me., 15 ms. long and 12 broad. Situated between French- man's and Blue Hill bays. It has a number of excellent harbors. It contains 2 townsliips, Eden and Mount Desert. Mount Desert, p-t., Hancock co.. Me., 146 E. Augusta, 633 W. Situated in the s. part of Mount Desert island, and consists of a peninsula. The soil is fertile. It has excellent harbors, and considerable navigation, employed in the coast- ing trade and the fisheries. Incorporated in 1789, when it contained the whole island. It has 6 stores, cap. $7,300 ; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. .$6,000. 22 sch. 827 scholars. Pop. 1,887. Mount Eaton, p-v., Paint t., Wayne co., O., 104 N. E. Columbus, 332 W. Mount Eden, p-o., Spencer co., Ky., 44 w. s w. Frankfort, 562 W. Situated on s. side of Big Beech cr. Mount Eton, p-o., Darlington dist., S. C, 110 E. Columbia, 472 W. Mount Gallagher, p-v., Lam-ens dist., S.C., 89 \v. N. w. Columbia, 517 W. Mount Gilead, p-t., Loudon co., Va., 144 n. Richmond, 45 W. Situated on Kittoctan moun- tain, presenting an extended and beautiful pros- pect. It has 3 parallel streets half a mile long, intersected by 8 other streets at right angles with them. It contains 1 3Iethodist church, 1 store, 12 or 15 dwellings, and 70 inhabitants. There Ls a large Baptist church in the vicinity. Mount Gilead, p-o., Montgomery co., N. C, 123 w. s. w. Raleigh, 397 W. Mount Gilead, p-v.. Mason co., Ky., 91 e. n. E. Frankfort, 476 W. It contahis a few dwell- ings. Mount Gilead, p-v., Gilead t., Marion co., 0., 41 N. Columbus, 400 W. It contains 2 churches, 5 stores, 40 dwclling.s, and about 250 inhabitants. Within 5 miles of the v. are 8 saw m., 5 grist m., and 1 carding machine. ]>IouNT ILvwKiNS, p-o.. Perry co., HI., 142 s. Springfield, 817 W. Mount Hawlev, p-o., Peoria co., III., 80 n Springfield, 794 W. MOU 433 MOU Mount Healthy, p-v., Springfield t., Hamil- ttm CO., O., 118 s. w. by \v. Columbus, 502 W. Mount Hebron, p-o., Greene co., Ala., 48 a. W. Tuscaloosa, 866 W. Mount Henry, p-o., Jlontgomery co., Tenn., 30 n. w. Nashville, 714 W. 31ouNT Hickory, p-o.. Chambers co., Ala., 174 E. s. E. Tuscaloosa, 775 W. Mount Hill, p-o., Abbeville dist., S. C, 99 w. Columbia, 529 W. Mount Hill, p-o., Morgan co., Ala. Mount Holly, p-t., Rutland co., Vt., 79 s. Montpeher, 468 W. The surface is elevated and mountainous ; soil, fertile, adapted to grazing. Watered by Mill r., a branch of Otter creek. In- corporated in 1792. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,000; 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,400. 1 1 sch. 399 scholars. Pop. 1,336. Mount Holly, p-v., Northampton t., capital of Burlington Co., N. J., 18 s. Trenton, 156 VV. Situated on Rancocus cr., at the head of tidewa- ter and of navigation. It has 7 streets regularly laid out, and contains a court house of brick, 40 by 60 feet, 2 stories high, with a cupola ; a stone jail, 5 churches — I Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 1 3Ielh- odist, and 2 Friends — 1 female academy, a bank, 8 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 fulling m., 1 wool- len fac, 1 plaster m., 1 large paper m., and about 240 dwellings. A chartered library company was established here as early as 1765. At the period of the revolution it had 200 dwellings. Mount Holly, p-o., Randolph co., la., 97 e. N. E. Indianapolis, 502 W. Mount Holyoke, Hadley, ]>Iass., 3 s. e. Northampton. It is 830 feet above the level of Connecticut r. ; and without any water pros- pect, excepting the beautiful windings of Connec- ticut r., it presents one of the finest views in the country. Mount Holyoke, p-o., Henry co., Tenn., 106 W. by N. Nashville, 792 W. Mount Hope, p-t.. Orange co., N. Y., 11 w. Goshen, 112 s. s. W. Albany, 276 W. The sur- face is hilly ; soil, gravelly loam. Drained by Shawangunk cr. The v. contains 2 churches, 3 stores, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. It has 9 stores, cap. $37,800 ; 1 fulling m., 1 wool- len fac, 3 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 printing of- fice, 1 periodical paper, 5 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in mannfac. $39,400. 1 acad. 100 students, 4 sch. 218 scholars. Pop. 1,565. Mount Hope, bay, R. I., is the n. e. part of Narraganset bay, and sets up between Tiverton and Bristol, a short distance, into Mass. Taunton r. flows into the n. e. part of it. Mount Hope, hill, Bristol, R. I., is situated on the w. shore of Mount Hope bay, and is of a con- ical form, nearly 300 feet high. The prospect from it is highly beautiful ; and it is celebrated as the former residence of King Philip. Mount Hope, p-o., Lebanon co.. Pa., 26 e. Harrisburg, 130 W. Mount Hope, p-o., Salt Creek t.. Holmes co., O. The V. of Middletown, in which it is located, contains 3 stores, 30 dwellings, and about 175 in- habitants. 3I0UNT Hope, p-v., Oldham co., Ky. Mount Hope, p-o., Lawrence co., Ala., 115 n. Tuscaloosa, 7tS0 W. Situated on Town cr. Mount Hope, p-o.. La Fayette co., Mo., 113 w. N. w. Jefferson City, 1,027 W. Mount Horeb, p-o.. Nelson co., Va., 113 w. by N. Richmond, 150 W. Mount Independence, Orwell t.,Vt., 2 s. E.of old fort Ticonderoga. It has no great elevation, but contained important fortifications, celebrated in tlie early history of the country. 55 Mount Israel, p-o., Albemarle co., Va., 93 VV. N. w. Richmond, 143 W. Mount Jackson, p-v., Beaver co.. Pa., 239 w. by N. Harrisburg, 277 W. Situated on Hickory cr., 3 ms. w. of Mahoning river, and contains 3 stores, and about 60 dwellings. There are mills on the cr., above and below tlie v. Mount Jackson, p-v., Shenandoah co., Va., 146 N. w. Richmond, 117 W. It contains 1 Pres- byterian chiu'ch, 1 store, 1 tannery, and 10 dwell- ings. Mount Jefferson, p-o.. Chambers co., Ala., 179 E. s. E. Tuscaloosa, 774 W. Mount Jefferson, p-o., Carroll co., la., 68 n. N. w. Indianapolis, 632 W. Mount Joy, t., Adams co., Pa.. 6 s. Gettys- burg. The surface is level ; soil, red shale. Rock cr. flows on its \v. and Willoways cr. on its E. boundary. It has 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Pop. 1,031. Mount Joy, p-t., Lancaster co., Pa., 25 s. e. Harrisburg, 123 W. The surface is rolling ; soil, calcareous loam, red shale, and gravel. Little Chiques cr. bounds it on tlie e., and Conewago cr. on the n. w. It has 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 3 saw mills. Cap. in manufac. $17,700. 3 sch. 93 scholars. Pop. 2,375. Mount Joy, p-o.. Union dist., S. C, 83 n. w. Columbia, 455 W. Mount Juliet, p-o., Kanawha co., Va., 302 w. by N. Richmond, 339 W. Mount Kingston, p-o., Montgomery co., El., 63 s. Springfield, 777 W. Mount Laurel, p-o., Halifax co., Va., 115 s. w. Richmond, 202 VV. Mount Lebanon, p-o., Davidson co., N. C, 126 w. Raleigh, 334 W. Mount Lebanon, p-o., Spartanburg dist., S. C, 112 N. w. Columbia, 485 W. Mount Lebanon, p-o., Claiborne par., La., 400 N. w. New Orleans, 1,270 W. Mount Level, p-o., Dinwiddle co., Va. Mount Liberty, p-v.. Liberty t., Knox co., O,, 41 N. E. Columbus, 386 W. It contains 2 stores and 12 or 15 dwellings. Mount Linneus, p-o., Monongalia co., Va., 286 N. w. Richmond, 219 W. Mount Marcy, JN. Y., is situated in Keene t., Essex CO., and is the highest peak of the Adiron- dack mountains, being 5,467 feet above tidewater in Hudson r. There are several other peaks in the vicinity, nearly as high, and they are little inferior in elevation to the White mountains, in N. H. Mount Meigs, p-v., Montgomery co., Ala., 125 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 826 W. Mount Meridian, p-v., Augusta co., Va., 125 w. N. w. Richmond, 144 VV. It contains 1 Meth- odist church, 1 store, 1 flouring m., and 10 dvvall- ings Mount Meridian, p-v., Putnam co., la., 36 \v. by s. Indianapolis, 607 W. Situated on the national road. iVIouNT MoRiAii, p-v., Wilcox CO., Ala., 122 s. Tuscaloosa, 897 W. Mount Morne, p-o.. Pike co., Ga , 86 \v. Mil- ledgeville, 705 W. Mount Morris, p-t., Livingston co., N. Y., 10 s. Genesee, 242 w. Albany, 353 W. The surface is varied, having a high table land in the centre ; soil, a fertile clay loa'm. Drained by Genesee r. The v. is half a inUe s. E. of Genesee r., and con- tains 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist — 20 stores, 1 furnace, 1 pot- tery, 2 flouring m., and 2 saw m. The water power is derived from a dam across the Genesee r., and a raceway over half a mile long. There iviou 434 MOU are in the t., 24 stores, cap. $76,600 ; 1 furnace, 2 lulling m., 1 tannery, 1 pottery, 1 printing office, 2 weekly newspapers, 2 grist m., 4 sawm. Cap. in manulac. $33,070; 1 acad. 60 students, 12 sell. 430 scholar.s. Pop. 4,576. Mount Morris, p-v., Whately t., Greene co., Pa., 228 w. by .s. Harrisburg, 227 W. Situated on the s. side of Dunkard's cr., on the s. bound- ary of the slate. It is a small v. MooNT Morris, Ogle co., III., 177 n. Spring- field, 837 W. Mount Mourne, p-o., Iredell co., N. C, 146 W. Raleigh, 383 W. Mount Niles, p-o., St. Clair cc, Ala., 90 n. E. Tuscaloo.sa, 727 W. Mount Olympus, p-o., Madison co.. Miss., 17 N. Jackson, 1,027 W. Mount Pinson, p-o., Jefferson co., Ala., 68 n. E. Tuscaloo.sa, 766 W. Mount Pin.son, p-o., IMadison co., Tenn., 146 W. s. w. Nashville, 831 W. Mount Pisoah, p-o., Iredell co., N. C, 168 w. Raleigh, 379 W. Mount Pleas.\nt, t., Westchester co., N. Y., 6 n. White Plains, 125 s. Albany. The surface is chiefly hilly ; soil, fertile, and well cultivated. Marble, of a good quality, is found here. It con- tains the V. of Sing Sing, which see. There are in the t. 4 acad., 195 students. Pop. 7,367. Mount Pleasant, p-v., Ale.xandria t., Hunter- don CO., N. J., 33 N. by w. Trenton, 195 W. Sit- uated on llakehokake cr., and contains a church, a store, a grist m., and 10 or 12 dwellings. Mount Pleasant, b., Tioga co., Pa. It has 2 tanneries, 1 flouring in. Cap. in mauulactures $8,240. 2 sch. 117 scholars. Pop. 554. Mount Pleasant, t., Adams co.. Pa., 17 e. Gettysburg. The surface is level ; soil, red .shale. A branch of Conewago cr. flows on its e. boundary. Watered by Plum run, and White run, tributaries of Rock cr., and Swift and Bush runs, which flow into Conewago cr. It has 3 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 3 flour- ing m., 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in inanufac. $15,800. 9 sch. 360 scholars. Pop. 1,583. Mount Pleasant, p-t., Westmoreland co., Pa., 170 w. Harrisburg, 196 W. The surface is gently uneven; soil, loam and gravel. Drained by Big Sewickly and Jacob's creeks. The v. contains 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist church, 2 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 2 sch. 117 scholars. Pop. 554. In- corporated in 1828. The t. has 10 stores, cap. $39,500; 4 tanneries, 13 distilleries, 1 flouring m. Cap. in maiiufac. $6,680. 5 sch. 120 scholars. Pop. 2,123. Mount Pleasant, t, Columbia co., Pa. It has 1 grist ra., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,375. 3 sch. Pop. 609. Mount Pleasant, t., Wayne go., Pa. Drained by the head branches of Lackawaxen, Dyberry, and Great Equinunk creeks. It has 11 sch. 190 scholars. Pop. 1,339. Mount Pleasant, t., Washington co.. Pa. It has 4 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., I grist in., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,800. 1 acad. 11 students, 9 sch. 300 scholars. Pop. 1,203. Mount Pleasant, p-v., Frederick co., Md., 81 N w. Annapolis, 49 W. Mount Pleasant, p-v., Spottsylvania co., Va., 64 N. Richmond, 73 W. Mount Pleasant, p-o., Newton co., Ga., 64 n. w. Milledgeville, 616 W. Mount Pleasant, p-o., Monroe co., Ala., 156 s. Tuscaloosa, 948 W. Situated on a small stream 3 ms. E. of the Alabama r. Mount Pleasant, p-t., Jefferson co., O., 131 E. by N. Columbus, 277 W. The v. contains 3 churches — 1 Associate Reformed, 1 Methodist, and 1 Friends, all of bs-ick — a bank, a market hou.se, several stores, a printing oflice, 120 dwell- ings, and about 700 inhabitants. A large num- ber of mills and manul'actories exist in the vicini- ty, mostly on Short creek. The t. has 10 stores, cap. $22,600 ; 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 bhid- cry, 3 flouring m., 3 saw m. Cap. hi manufac. $43,000. 1 acad. 140 students, 3 sch. 250 schol- ars. Pop. 1,676. Mount Pleasant, p-v., Oakland co., Mich., 41 N. w. Detroit, 565 W. Mount Pleasant, v., Cabarrus co., N. C. It contains about 60 inhabitant.s. Mount Pleasant, p-v., Maury co., Tenn., 53 s. s. w. Nashville, 730 W. Mount Pleasant, p-v., capital of Harlan co., Ky., 165 s. E. Frankibrt, 473 W. Situated on the N. side of the Clover fork of Cumberland r., near its junction with 3Iarlin"s fork. It contains a court house, jail, and clerk's office, and a few dwellings. Mount Pleasant, p-v., capital of Martin co., la., 106 s. s. w. Indianapolis, 653 W. Situated on the w. side of e. fork of White r. It has a court house, jail, several stores, and about 30 dwellings. Mount Pleasant, p-o.. Union co.. III., 209 s. Springfield, 819 W. Mount Pleasant, p-o., Wilkinson co.. Miss., 122 s. s. w. Jackson, 1,122 W. Mount Pleasant, t.. Van Buren co., Mo. It has 3 sch. 70 scholars. Pop. 694. Mount Pleasant, p-t., Barrj' co.. Mo., 212 s. w. Jefferson City, 1,123 W. It has 1 school 18 scholars. Pop. 519. Mount Pleasant, p-v., capital of Henry co., Iowa. Situated on the n. side of Big cr. It con- tains a court house, of brick, in the centre of a public square, 100 dwellings, and about 400 in- liabitants. It is on a higii prairie roll, and its situation is healthful and pleasant. It was laid out in 1836. Mount Pleasant, p-o., Racine co.. Wis., 106 E. s. E. Madison, 786 W. Situated about 8 miles w. of Lake Michigan. Mount Pleasant Mills, p-o., Perry t.. Union CO., Pa., 61 N. Harrisburg, 164 W. Mount Pocoxo, p-o., Monroe co., Pa., 124 N. E. by E. Harrisburg, 220 W. Mount Prosi-ect, p-o., Obion co., Tenn., 140 w. by N. Nashville, 826 W. Mount Prospect, p-o., Crawford co., la., 106 s. by w. Indianapolis, 637 W. Mount Pulaski, p-o., Sangamon co., 111., 27 e. Springfield, 787 W. Mount Repuulio, p-v., Canaan t., Wayne co., Pa., 171 N. E. Harrisburg, 265 W. Mount Reserve, p-o., Bedford co., Term., 68 s. Nashville, 672 W. Mount Rock, p-o., Cumberland co.. Pa., 22 s w. Harrisburg, 110 W. -"Mount Seen, p-o., Mecklenburg co., N. C, 166 w. s. w. Raleigh, 405 W. Mount Sidney, p-v., Augusta co., Va., 127 w. N. w. Richmond, 145 W. It contains 1 church, free to all denominations, 1 academy, 3 stores, 35 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Mount Sinai, p-o., Suffolk co., N. Y., 205 s. s. E. Albany, 235 W. Mount Seward, mts., N. Y., is the name given to a lofty group of the Adirondack moun- tains, in the s. e. part of Franklin co., elevated 4,0(X) feet above the ocean. Mount Solon, p-o., Augusta co., Va., 139 w N. w. Richmond, 146 W. •MOU 435 MOLT Mount Sterling, p-v., Pleasant t., Madison CO., O., 32 w. Columbus, 421 V*^. Mount Sterling, v., Muskingum co., O. Pop. 177. Mount Sterling, p-v., and capital of Mont- gomery CO., Ky., 59 E. Frankfort, 514 W. Situ- ated on a small branch of the soutli fork of Lick- ing r., and contains a court house, jail, 10 stores, and 585 inhabitants. Mount Sterling, p-v., capital of Brown co., 111., 77 w. by N. Springfield, 854 W. Situated on a small branch of Crooked creek, and contains a court house, and several stores and dwellings. Mount Sterling, t., Pettis co.. Mo. Pop. 1,246. Mount Sterling, p-v., Washington co., Ala., 109 s. s. w. Tuscaloosa, 927 VV. Situated on the N. side of Shuckeba cr. Mount T.\bor, t., Rutland co., Vt., 36 n. e. Bennington. It is a mountainous t. in the Green mountain range, but has some soil adapted to grazing. Otter creek r. rises here. It has 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,450. 3 sch. 59 scholars. Pop. 227. Mount Tabor, p-v., Union dist., S. C, 76 n. w. Columbia, 452 W. Mount T.\bor, p-v., Monroe co., la., 45 s. s. w. Indianapolis, 616 W. Situated on the n. side of Bean Blossom creek. It has 2 flouring ra. and several neat dwellings. Mount Tirzah, p-o., Person co., N. C, 44 n. N. w. Raleigh, 260 W. Mount Tom, Mass., a little w. of Connecti- cut r., near Northampton. It belongs to a range which extends into Connecticut, and terminates near New Haven. Mount Union, p-o., Huntingdon co., Pa. Mount Union, p-v., Stark co., O., 138 n. e. Columbus, 304 W. Mount Upton, p-v., Guilford t., Chenango co., N. Y., 99 VV. Albany, 331 W. Situated on the w. .side of Unadilla r., and contains 1 Episcopal 3hurch, 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 30 dwell- ■Jigs, and about 225 inhabitants. Mount Vernon, p-t., Kennebec co.. Me., 15 N. w. Augusta, 609 W. There are several large and pleasant ponds in the t. The soil is very fertile. Incorporated in 1792. It has 6 stores, cap. $8,250 ; 2 fulling m., 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,795. 608 scholars in schools. Pop. 1,475. Mount Vernon, p-t, Plillsboro' co., N. H., 32 s. s. w. Concord, 366 VV. Drained by a branch of Souhegan r. The surface is elevated. Or- ganized from Amherst in 1803. It has one store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,285. 4 sch. 2 10 .scholars. Pop.720. Mount Vernon, p-o.. Providence co., R. I., 17 w. Providence, 383 W. Mount Vernon, p-v., Chester co., Pa., 72 E. s. E. Harrisburg, 101 W. Mount Vernon, Va., tlie former residence of Gen. Washington, on the w. bank of the Potomac, 6 ms. below Alexandria. It contains the mansion and the tomb of the Father of his country ; and many a citizen and traveller has made a pilgrim- age to this hallowed spot. Mount Vernon, p-o.. Rowan co., N. C, 132 w. Raleigh, 366 W. Mount Vernon, p-v., capital of Montgomery CO., Ga., 112 s. E. by s. Milledgeville, 723''W. It contains a court house, jail, a store, and a few dwellings. Mount Vernon, p-v.. Mobile co., Ala., 184 s. by w. Tuscaloosa, 996 W. Situated 3 ms. w. of the Mobile r. It contains an arsenal, and several neat dwellings. Mount Vernon, p-v., capital of St. Francis CO., Ark. Situated 3 ms. west of St. Francis v., and contains a court house, and a few dwellings. Mount Vernon, p-o., Monroe co., Tenn., 170 e. s. e. Nashville, 547 W. Mount Vernon, pv., capital of Rock Castle CO., Ky., 75 s. s. e. Frankfort, 563 W. It con- tains a court house and several stores and dwell- ings. Mount Vernon, p-v., and capital of Knox co., O., 51 N. E. Columbus, 376 W. Situated on Ver- non r., or Owl cr. It contains a fine court house, jail, 4 churches — 2 Presbyterian, (1 old and 1 new school,) 1 Episcopal, a fine Gothic structure, and 1 Protestant Methodist — 20 stores, 3 flouring m., 2 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 printing offices, 250 dwell- ings, and 2,362 inhabitants. Mount Vernon, p-v., Macomb co., Mich., 33 N. Detroit, 554 W. Mount Vernon, p-v., capital of Posey co., la., 188 s. w. by s. Indianapolis, 749 W. It is situated on a high bank, on a n. bend in the Ohio r., and commands a view of the r. for 16 ms. It contains a court house, jail, 15 or 20 stores, a steam flour- ing and saw m., and about 900 inhabitants. Mount Vernon, p-v., capital of Jeflferson co., ni., 129 s. s. E. Springfield, 794 W. It contains a court house, jail, 3 churches — 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — 9 stores, and about 200 inhabitants. Mount Vernon, p-v., Dade co.. Mo. Mount Vernon Village, p-v.. Mount Vernon t., Kennebec co.. Me., 17 n. w. Augusta, 612 W. Mountville, p-v., Loudon co., Va., 133 n. Richmond, 50 W. It contains one store, and about 80 inhabitants. Mountville, p-v., Laurens dist., S. C, 74 N. w. Columbia, 512 W. Mountville, p-v., Troup co., Ga., 112 w. Mil- ledgeville, 731 W. Mount Vision, p-v., Laurens t., Otsego co., N. Y., 79 w. Albany, 362 W. It contains 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 woollen fac, 1 Methodist church, and 20 dwellings. Mount Vista, p-o., Henry co., Tenn., 102 w. by N. Nashville, 780 W. Mount Washington, t, Berkshire co., Mass. Situated in the s. w. comer of the state. The surface is elevated and mountainous, being on the Taghkanic range, the principal summit of which is in this t., and is 3,000 feet above the level of the sea. Some of the soil is adapted to grazing. A branch of Ancram cr. rises here. Incorporated in 1779. It has 1 fulling m., 1 forge, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. 3 sch. 140 scholars. Pop. 438. Mount Washington, p-o., Urbanna t., Steu- ben CO., N. Y., 212 w. by s. Albany, 312 W. MountWashington, p-v.,Wasliington co.,Ga., 33 E. s. E. Milledgeville, 656 W. Mount Washington, p-v., Bullitt co., Ky.,59 w. s. w. Frankfort, 601 W. Situated 2 ms. n. e. of Salt r., on the turnpike from Louisville to Bardstovvn, 18 ms. Irom each, and contains 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist church, and about 300 inhabitants. Mount Washington, p-o., Copiah co., Miss., 43 s. s. w. Jackson, 1,058 W. Situated on a branch of Bayou Pierre r. Mount Willing, p-o.. Orange co., N. C, 53 N. w. Raleigh, 287 W. Mount Willing, p-v., Edgefield dist., S. C, 41 w. Columbia, 527 W. Situated on a branch of Little Saluda r. Mount Willing, p-v., Lowndes co., Ala., 120 s. s. E. Tuscaloosa, 869 W. Situated on Ce- dar cr. MUH 430 MUN Mount Yonah, po., Habersham co., Ga., 154 N. Milledgeville, 620 W. Mount Zion, p-o., Lebanon co., Pa., 30 e. Harrisburg, 140 W. Mount Zion, p-o., Campbell co., Va., 118 w. by s. Richmond, 208 W. Mount Zion, p-o., Spartanburg dist., S. C, 106 N. w. Columbia, 480 W. IMouNT Zion, p-v., Hancock co., Ga., 30 n. e. Milledgeville, (554 W. It contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 3Iethodist — an academy, and 18 or 20 dwellings. 3IouNT Zion, p-o., DeKalb co., Ala., 126 n. e. Tuscaloosa, 691 VV. 3I0UNT Zion, p-o.. Union co., Ky., 225 w. by s. Frankfort, 752 W. Mount Zion, p-o., Marion co.. 111., 117 s. s. e. Springfield, 769 W. MouREYTOWN, D-v., White Oak t, Highland CO., O., 87 s. w. Columbus, 454 W. Mouth of Miller's Creek, p-o., Estill co., Ky. Mouth of Posa, p-o., Kanawha co., Va., 329 w. N. w. Richmond, 366 W. Mouth of Sandy, p-o., Henry ct Tenn., 91 w. by n. Nashville, 769 W. Mouth of Wilson, p-o., Grayson co., Va.,291 w. s. w. Richmond, 356 W. Mouth of Yellow Creek, p-o., Jefferson co., O., 149 E. by N. Columbus, 275 W. M0YAMEN.SING, t., Philadelphia co., Pa. It has 127 stores, cap. $85,225 ; 1 cotton fac, 1 brewery. Cap. in manufac. $102,330. 2 acad. 745 students, 14 sch. 2,156 scholars. Pop. 14,573. (See Phila- delphia.) MucHiNiPPE, p-o., Logan co., O., 84 n. w. Co- lumbus, 469 W. MucKvvoNAGO, p-o., Milwaukee co., Wis., 79 E. Madison, 806 W. Mud Creek, p-o., Bath t., Steuben co., N. Y., 221 w. by. s. Albany, 293 W. Mud Ckeek, p-o., Henderson co., N. C. Mud Creek, p-o., Randolph co.. Ark. Muddy Creek, t., Butler co.. Pa. It has 5 stores, cap. $34,500 ; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manul'ac. $7,745. 13 sch. 504 scholars. Pop. 1,998. AIuddv Creek, p-o., Preston co., Va., 275 n. w. Richmond, 197 W. 3IuDDY Creek Forks, p-o., York co.. Pa. Muddy Fork, p-o., Cleveland co., N. C, 194 w. bys. Nashville, 439 W. Muddy Lane, p-o., fllacDonough co.. III., 98 N. w. Springfield. Muddy, r., Ky., rises in Todd and Logan coun- ties, and flowing n., lurms the boundary between Butler and Mulilenburg counties, and enters Green r. Mud Lick, p-o., Chatham co., N C, 60 w. RaU>igh, 314 W. MuiiLKNUURG, county, Ky. Situated centrally in the e. pari of the slate, and contains 490 sq. ms. Green r. flows on its n. e. boundary, by branches of which it is watered. Capital, Green- ville. Tliere were in 1840, neat cattle 8,866, sheep 7,946, swine 32,959 ; wheat 3 1,960 bush, produced, Ind.corn 351,936, oats 37,731, i)otatoes 9,396, tobacco 2^6,7 47 pounds; 1 furnace; 15 stores, cap. $3i,5()0 ; 5 tanneries, 10 distilleries, 7 grist ra., 4 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manutac. $7,530. 4 sch. 98 ^cholars. Pop. wliites 5,75.5, slaves 1,196, free col'd 13; total, 6,964. MuHLENiiURu, jvo., Luzerne co.. Pa., 112 n. E. Harrisburg, 2^3 VV. MuHLENBURG, t., Pickaway co., O., 12 n. w. Circleville. It contiiins the v. of Darby ville. It has 3 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 3 grist m., 2 saw ni. Cap. in manufac. $1,400. 1 sch. 35 scholars. Pop. 653. Mulberry, r., Ala., a n. w. and main branch of Tuscaloosa or Black Warrior r., which it forms by uniting with Locust Fork, on the w. border of JefTerson co. Mulberry, p-o., Miami t., Cleiroont co., O., 108 s. w. Columbus, 480 W, 3Iulberry, p-o., Wilkes co., N. C, 193 w. by N. Raleigh, 383 W. Mulberry, po., Jackson co., Ga., 164 n. by w. Milledgeville, 645 W. Mulberry, t., Franklin co.. Ark. It has 2 stores, cap. $13,000 ; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,400. 2 sch. 55 scho- lars. Pop. 614. Mulberry, t., Johnson co., Ark. It has 1 powder m., 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $700. Pop. 242. Mulberry, p-o., Lincoln co., Tenn., 86 s. Nashville, 709 W. Mulberry Creek, p-o., Autauga co., Ala., 101 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 862 W. Mulberry Gap, p-o., Claiborne co., Tenn., 242 E. by N. Nashville. Mulberry Grove, p-o., Harris co., Ga., 139 w. by s. 3Iilledgeville, 778 W. Mulberry Grove, p-o., Hopkins co., Ky., 206 w. s. w. Frankfort, 748 W. Mulberry Grove, p-o.. Bond co.. 111., 82 s. Springfield, 750 W. Mull Grove, p-o., Lincoln co., N. C, 183 w. by s. Raleigh, 425 W. MuLLico Hill, p-v., Gloucester co., N. J., 45 s. Trenton, 156 W. Situated on Racoon cr. It contains an Episcopal and a Friends church, 2 stores, and about 70 dwellings. MuLLiCA, t., Atlantic co., N. J. It has 10 stores, cap. $16,900; 1 furnace, 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $19,300. 5 sch. 296 scho- lars. Pop. 1,056. MuLLicAS, r., N. J., enters the Atlantic through New Inlet, 4 ms. e. of Leeds. It is navigable for vessels of 60 tons for 20 ms. It forms the boun- dary between Burlington and Atlantic counties. Multona Springs, a watering place, Attala CO., Miss., 13 N. Kosciusko. The waters contain valuable medicinal properties. It has 1 store, an academy, and a few dwellings. MuLTiCAULisviLLE, p-o., Perry co.. Pa., 43 w. Harrisburg, 131 W. 3I1J.MFORDS Mills, p-o., Washington co., R. I., 46 Providence, 386 W. 31 UNO Y, p-b., iMuncy Creek t., Lycoming co., Pa., 85 N. Harrisburg, 195 W. Situated a mile E. of the Sus(iuehanna r., and 1 m. s. of .Muncy cr. It contains 4 churches — 1 Pres., 1 Bap., 1 Episcopal, 1 3Iethodist ; 9 stores, cap. $45,500 ; 8 lumber yards, 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 2 distille- ries, 1 printing oflice, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $17,393. 2 sch. 80 scholars. Pop. 662. Mu.NCY, t., Lycoming CO., Pa., 13 n. e. Williams- port. The surlace is mountainous ; soil, various. Muncy cr. runs on its e., and Loyalsock cr. on its w. border. It has 1 store, cap. $4,000 ; 2 tan- neries, 2 grist in., 3 saw m. < ap. in manufac. .$7,600. 6 sch. 360 scholars. Pop. 912. MuNCY Creek, t., Lycoming co.. Pa., 13 s. E. Williamsport. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay. Drained by Big and Litile Mnncy creeks, which flow into the w. branch of Susquehanna r. It has 2 stores, cap. $8,0(tO; 1 lumber yard, cap $1,000; 2 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 3 grist in., 3 saw m. Cap. in manu'sic. $2Lt,;J0J. 7 sch. 210 scholars. Pop. 1,166. MuNCYTOWN, p-v., capital of Delaware co. MUR 437 MUS la., 59 N. E. Indianapolis, 529 W. Situated on liie s. bank of Wliite r., on an elevation of 30 feet above the r. It is laid out in an oblong, 4 principal streets being 60 feet wide, the others 45, crossing each other at right angles. It contains 3 stores, 1 saw m., with a good water power, and about 400 inhabitants. MuxDY, t., Genesee co., Mich. Pop. 440. Mu.NFoRDSviLLE, p-v., Capital of Hart co., Ky., Ill s. w. Frankfort, 635 W. Situated on the n. bank of Green r. It contains a court house, jail, several stores, and 274 inhabitants. Munger's Mill, p-o., Shannon co.. Mo., 129 s. s. E. Jefferson City, 903 W. MoNSON, p-t., Geauga co., O., 166 n. e. Colum- bus, 310 W. It has 5 grist m., 7 saw m., 7 sch. 301 scholars. Pop. 1,263. MuiVSTER, p-v., Alleghany t., Cambria CO., Pa., 133 w. by N. Harrisburg, 177 VV. It contains 2 stores, 25 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. Murchison's Mills, p-o., Cumberland co., ]N.C., 74 s. Raleigh, 362 W. Murder Kill, liundred, Kent co., Del. It has 21 stores, cap. $S7,750 ; 1 tannery, 8 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,850. 13 sch. 899 scholars. Pop. 4,76S. Murdocksville, p-v., Wasliington co., Pa., 230 w. Harrisburg, 255 W. MuRFREESBORouGH, p-v., Hertford co., N. C, 142 E. N. E. Raleigh, 214 W. Situated on s. side of Chowan r. It contains a Presbyterian church, and an academy. MuRFREESBOROUGii, p-v., Capital of Ruther- ford CO., Tenn., 34 s. E. Nashville, 665 W. Situ- ated on a branch of Stone cr., on a commanding eminence, and contains a court house, jail, a market house, a Presbyterian church, an acade- my, a printing office, about 200 dwellings, and 1,500 inhabitants. It vi'as formerly the capital of the state. The public buildings, and many of the dwellings, are neatly built of brick. The country around is highly fertile. Murphy, p-v., capital of Cherokee co., N. C, 367 w. by s. Raleigh, 597 W. Situated at the junction of Hiawassee and Valley rivers. It contains a court house, and other county build- ings. Murphie's Valley, p-o., Blount co., Ala., 115 N. E. Tuscaloosa, 733 W. Murpheysville, p-o., Mason co., Ky., 73 e. N. E. Frankfort, 469 W. MuRR.^Y, county, Ga. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 650 sq. ms. Drain- ed by Oostanaulau r. and its branches. Surface mountainous, soil fertile. Capital, Spring Place. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,538, sheep 1,156, swine 12,899 ; wheat 10,568 bush, produced, Ind. corn 174,790, oats 10,654, potatoes 5,450, tobacco 1,187 pounds, cotton 9,875 ; 9 stores, cap. $12,000 ; 3 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 8 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $19,000. 18 sch. 318 scholars. Pop. whites 3,896, slaves 798, free col'd 1 ; total, 4,695. Murray, p-t., Orleans co., N. Y., 243 w. by n. Albany, 392 W. The surface is chiefly level ; soil, fertile. Drained by Sandy cr., which flows N. E. into Lake Ontario. It has 12 .stores, cap $33,300 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 3 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,750. 2 acad. 70 students, 16 sch. 828 scholars. Pop. 2,675. Murray, p-v., Wells co., la., Ill n. e. In- dianapolis, 553 W. Murray's Mills, p-v.. Dearborn co., la., 99 s. E. Indianapolis, 531 W. Murraysville, p-v., Franklin t., Westmore land CO., Pa., 181 vv. Harrisburg, 207 W. It con- tains 1 Associate Reformed church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., and 1 woollen fac. Murraysville, p-v.. Hall co., Ga., 130 N. N. w. Milledgeville, 633 W. Murraysville, p-o., Carlisle t., Lorain co., C, 114 N. N. e. Columbus, 377 W. MuRR ill's Shop, p-o., Nelson co., Va., 97 w. by N. Richmond, 152 W. MuRRiNsviLLE, p-o., Butlcf CO., Pa., 210 w. by N. Harrisburg, 265 W. Muscatine, county, Iowa. Situated near the centre of the ter., having the Mississippi r. on its s. E. border, and contains 440 sq. ms. Watered by Red Cedar r. and its branches, and Pine cr., wliich affords water power, and a good harbor for steamboats at its mouth. The soil is fertile, particularly on the Mississippi and Wapsino- nock cr., a branch of Cedar r. Muscatine Slue forms a large and fertile alluvial island, on the borders of the Mississippi r. Capital, Blooming- ton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,547, sheep 422, swine 4,820 ; wheat 5,693 bush, produced, Ind. corn 44,345, oats 8,860, potatoes 8,647; 15 stores, cap. $4,285 ; 1 pottery, 3 grist ra., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,300. 4 sch. 68 scholars. Pop. 1,942. Muscatine, p-v., 3Iuscatine co., Iowa. Situ- ated on the w. side of Muscatine Slue. Muscogee, county, Ga. Situated in the vv. part of the state, and contains 410 sq. ms. Drain- ed by Upotoi cr. and its branches, tributaries of Chattahoochee r., which runs on its w. border. Capital, Columbus. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,946, sheep 1,807, swine 19,828; wheat 13,386 bush, produced, Ind. corn 251,420, oats 6,605, potatoes 7,931, cotton 1,186,990 pounds ; 6 commission houses, $80,000; 106 stores, cap. $473,000 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 1,600 sp., 18 grist m., 18 saw m., 3 printing offices, 1 bind- ery, 3 weekly and 1 periodical newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $182,400. 3 acad. 60 students, 12 sch. 304 scholars. Pop. whites 6,939, slaves 4,701, free col'd 59; total, 11,699. Muscle Ridge Island, t., Lincoln co., Me. It has 1 sch. 27 scholars. Pop. 51. Muse's Bottom, p-o., Jackson co., Va., 361 n. N. w. Richmond, 329 W. Mush Creek, p o., Greenville dist., S. C, 133 N. w. Columbia, 518 W. Muskego, t., Milwaukee co.. Wis. Pop. 130. Muskegat, island, Mass., a small island be- tween Nantucket and Martha's Vineyard, in the form of a horse-shoe. Muskingum, r., O., one of the largest rivers which runs wholly in the state, is formed by 2 main branches, Tuscarawas and White Woman's rivers, which unite at Cosliocton. The Tuscara- was rises in Medina co., near the Cuyahoga r., and a portage between them formerly gave name to Portage t. and co. The Muskingum is naviga- ble for large batteaux, 100 ms., to Coshocton. It is obstructed by falls at Zanesville, where is a canal, with a dam and locks, afTording a great water power. There is a slack water naviga- tion from Zanesville to Dresden, where a side cut 2i ms. connects the JInskingum r. witii the Ohio canal. The r. enters the Ohio at Marietta, by a mouth 225 yards wide. Muskingum, county, O. Situated tow^ard the s. E. part of the state, and contains 665 sq. miles. Organized in 1804. Drained by Muskingum r. and its branches, the principal of which is Licking r. It abounds with bituminous coal, and has pipe clay and burr-stone, or cellular quartz, suitable for millstones. There are about 30 salt works in the CO. The brine is obtained by i)oring into a stratum of whitish sandstone, (called salt rock,) NAN 438 NAN at a depth of from 350 to 700 feel. The annient mounds nre numerous. Capital, Zanesville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 20,994, sheep 37,173, swine 51,N39; wheat 366,929 bush, pro- duced, rye 3,599, Indian corn 623,S77, buckwheat 24,979, barley 2,098, oats 196,408, potatoes 1 13,149, tobacco 38,529 pounds, sugar 21,824; 50 commis- sion houses, capital !$143,350; 66 stores, capital $120,725, 1 lumber yard, cap. $200; 3 fulling ni., 2 woollen fac, 8 tanneries, 9 distilleries, 5 brewerie.s, 22 potteries, 22 flouring m., 27 grist in., 72 .saw m., 1 paper fac, 6 printing offices, 1 bindery, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manu- I'ac. S3■^8,8'.)8 ; 1 college, 40 students, 4 acad. 218 students, 148 sch. 5,925 scholars. Pop. 3S,749. Muskingum, p-t., Muskingum co., O., 61 e. Columbus, 346 W. It has 3 churches and a salt lac. 7 sch. 228 scholars. Pop. 1,252. MusKRAT ISprings, p-o., Bradley co., Tenn. JMykii's, p-o., Venango co., Pa., 196 w. n. w. Ilari-isburg, 284 W. Mystic, p-v., Stonington t., New London co., Ct., 52 s. E. Hartford, 362 W. It ia situated on the E. side of Mystic r., and connected by a toll- bridge with Portersville, on the opposite side of the river. Mystic Bridge, p-v., Groton t.. New London CO., Ct., 56 s. E. Hartford, 363 W. Situated on the w. side of Mystic r., in a v. called Porters- ville, which is connected with Mystic v. on the opposite side of the r., by a toll-bridge. The united villages are on Mystic r., 2 ms. from its mouth, and contain 10 stores, about 150 dwell- ings, and a mariners' church, in Portersville, free to all denominations. The r. is navigable for vessels of 40(J tons to the bridge. A number of whale ships and coasting vessels are owned here. Several vessels are employed along the coast as wreckers, and cruise as far as the West Indies. About 300 men and boys, in both villages, are employed in navigation. Ship building is carried on at the head of Mysiic r. ]V. Nacoochee, p-o., Habersham co., Ga., 155 n. Milledgeville, 611 W. Naiian't, Lynn t., Essex co., Mass., 5 s. E. I,ynn hotel, 9 s. Saiem, 14 n. \. Boston. It is a peninsula in Massachusetts bay, connected with the main land by a delightful beach, or narrow isthmus of sand, so compact as not to receive the imprint of a horse's hoof, or of a carriage wheel, a mile and a half in length, just high enough to prevent the waves from flowing over it. The peninsula consists of 2 parts, called Great Na- iiant and Little Nahant, connected by Bass neck. Little Nahant, the inner portion, contains 42 acres, 17 of which are in good cultivation. Great Nahant, the outer portion, is 2 ms. long, and, in some places, half a mile wide, containing 463 acres. The surface is uneven, rising from 40 to 100 feet above the level of the sea. The shores generally consist of precipitous rocks, rising from 20 to 60 feet above the tide, with a great depth of water below. In some places, however, are beautiful beaches. The roar of the ocean against the rocks is sometimes tremendous. A spacious stone hotel, containing nearly 100 rooms, is erect- ed near the e. extremity. There are other board- ing houses in the vicinity, and about 20 beautiful cottages, the summer residences of gentlemen of fortune. Nahant i.^ much frequented for health and pleasure. A steamboat plies between this place and Boston, and stages run frequently in the watering season. Nauunta, p-o., and depot of Wayne co., N. C., 61 s. E. Kaloigh, 271 W. Situated on the Roanoke and Wilmington railroad. Nam ASK ET, r., Mass., unites with Bridgewater r. in Taunton. Namozi.ne, po., Amelia co., Va., 41 s. w. Rich- mond, 160 W. Nanafai.ia, p-o., Marengo co., Ala., 100 s. by w. Tuscaloosa, 912 W. Situated on the E. side of Torabigbee r., 1 mile from the bluff and land- ing. Nane Warrior, p-o., Winston co., Miss., 104 N. E. Jackson, 966 W. Nanje.moy Bay, a small opening on the e. side of the Potomac, at the great bend above Port Tobacco. Nanjemoy, pv., Charles co., ^Id., 88 s. w. Annapolis, \-i W. Situated at the head of the bay of the same name. It is a place of some trade. Nankin, p-v., Orange t., Richlaml co., O., 83 N. by E. Columbus, 372 W. It contains 2 stores and several dwellings. Nankin, p-t., Wayne co., Mich., 20 w. Detroit, 534 W. W^atcred by branches of Rouge r. It has 3 stores, 1 pottery, 2 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $3,100. 9 sch. 405 scholars. Pop. 1,109. Nansemond, r., Va., rises in the Dismal swamp, and enters, by a wide estuary, into Hampton roads. It is navigable over 20 miles, to Suffolk, for vessels of 100 tons. Nansemond, county, Va. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 414 square ms. Drained by branches of Nansemond r. It con- tains a part of the Dismal swamp, and from Lake Drummond, in this swamp, there is a navigable feeder, 5 miles long, to the Dismal Swamp canal. iMuch of the soil is iertile. Capital, Suffolk. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,293, sheep 1,3 !0, swine 23,287; wheat 5,351 bush, produced, Ind. corn 315,672, oats 34,514, potatoes 80,21)8, cotton 153,640 pounds; 42 stores, cap. 8157,020: 5 lum- ber yanls, cap. $27,000; 1 cotton fac. 1,040 sp., I 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 17 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in mannfac. $69,620. 4 acad. 151 stu- dents, 13 sch. 270 sclwlars. Pop. vvhites 4,858, slaves 4,530, free col'd 1,407; total, 10,795. Nantasket Road, Mass., one of the main en- trances into Boston harbor, s. of the light-house. It affords good anchorage, with 5 or 6 fathoms of water. Nanticoke, r., Del. and Md., rises in Sussex CO., Del., and flows s. w., and after entering Md., receives JIarshy Hope r., which rises in Kent co., Del. The united stream flows into Fishing bay, a branch of Chesapeake bay, by a wide e.stuary. Nanticoke, t., Broome co., N. Y., 14 n. w. Binghamton. The surface is undulating ; soil, well adapted to grass. Drained by Nanticoke cr., which flows into the Susquehanna r. It has 4 saw m., 6 sch. 153 scholars. Pop. 400. Nanticoke, p-o., Luzerne co., Pa., 120 n. e. Harrisburg, 224 W. Nanticoke, hundred, Sussex co., Del. It has 7 stores, cap. $1,720; 1 forge, 5 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,340. 1 sch. 60 schol- ars. Pop. 1,978. N\nticoke Falls, Pa., in the Susquehanna r., 8 ms. below Wilkcsbarrc, where it pierces a mountain in the n. part of Newport t. A dam is erected here for feeding the North Branch canal, which supplies a vast quantity of surplus water, and affords great water power. NAP 439 NAR Nanticoke Springs, p-v., Nanticoke t., Broome cc, N. Y., 113 w. s. w. Albany, 301 W. Here is a sulphur spring, much resorted to. It contains a hotel for the accommodation of visit- ers, and several dwellings. Nantucket, island and county, Mass., 10 e. Martha's Vineyard, 30 s. Cape Cod. It is situated in the Atlantic ocean, and is 15 ms. long, with an average breadili of 4 ms., containing 50 sq. ms. Some of the soil is very productive, but most of it is sandy and sterile. The land is chielly held in common, and a large number of slieep and cows are fed on the common. The inhabitants are chiefly employed in navigation, and particu- larly ia the whale fishery. The s. part of the island is a plain, elevated not more than 25 feet above the level of the ocean. On the n. part the land rises in hills about 40 feet high, but one peak is 80 feet high. Nantucket with a few small adjoining islands, constitutes Nantucket CO. On the s. E. of the island are Nantucket shoals, 50 ms. long and 45 wide, where numerous vessels have been wrecked. There were in 1840, neat cattle 53S, sheep 7,500, swine, 278 ; wheat 91 bush, produced, Ind. corn 521, barley 374, oats 354, potatoes 4,525 ; 33 stores, cap. $142,000 : cap. invested in fisheries, $2,826,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 4 rope fac, 3 grist m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly, 1 semi-weekly news- papers. Cap. in manufac. $1,181,411. 5acad.630 students, 23 sch. 2,060 scholars. Pop. 9,012. Nantucket, p-v., capital of Nantucket co., Mass., 119 s. s. E. Boston, 500 W. Situated on the N. side of the island, at the bottom of the bay. It has an excellent harbor, which is nearly land- locked, by 2 projecting points of beach, about three fourths of a mile apart, on one of which, denomi- nated Brant Point, is a light-house. Nearly 2 ms. N. of the harbor is abar, with 9 feet of water. About 150 vessels belong to the port, navigated by about 2,000 men and boys. The v. is com- pactly built, mostly with wood houses, and nar- row streets. It contains 9 churches — 1 Congre- gational, 1 Unitarian, 2 Friends, 1 Methodist Episcopal, 1 Methodist Reformed, 1 Episcopal, and 2 African, 1 of them Baptist — 3 banks, 2 in- surance companies, an athenaeum, with a library of over 2,000 volumes, and a fine museum, and the Coffin school, founded by Admiral Sir Isaac Coffin of the British navy, in 1827, who be- queathed to it a building, and a fund of 2,500 pounds sterling, in consequence of the fact, that mo.stof the inhabitants were more or less remotely related to him. There is a daily communication with New Bedford, by steamboat. Tonnage, 1810, 31,915. Napier, t., Bedford co., Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $3,500 ; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 powder m., 1 pottery, 1 printing office, 1 week- ly paper, 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,600. 4 sch. 130 scholars. Pop. 2,46S. Napierville, p-v., capital of Du Page co., 111., 176 N. N. E. Springfield, 745 W. Situated e. of the w. Fork of Dupage r., and contains 4 stores, 1 saw m., 1 grist m., 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Naples, p-t., Cumberland co.. Me., 66 s. w. Augusta, 569 W. Incorporated in 1834. Wa- tered by Crooked and Saugo rivers, and portions of Long and Brandy ponds. A boatable com- munication extends from Long pond, Saugo r., and Brandy pond to Sebago pond, whence a canal extends to Portland. It has 7 sch. 254 scholars. Pop. 758. Naples, p-t., Ontario co., N. Y., 18 s. Canan- daigua, 220 w. Albany, 325 Albany. The sur- face is hilly ; soil, clay loam. Drained by inlets of Canandaigua and Honeoye lakes. The v- is situated on the inlet of Canandaigua lake, and contains 1 Presbyterian, 1 Congregational, and 1 Methodist church, 7 stores, 1 woollen fac, 3 flouring m., 3 saw m., 2 clothiers' works, 2 lan- neries, 2 distilleries, 1 furnace, 2 cabinet and chair fac, 125 dwelliiigs, and about 1,000 inhabit- ants. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. $29,000 ; 3 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 3 grist m., 16 saw m. Cap. in manulac. $43,720. 14 sch. 665 scholars. Pop. 2,345. Naples, p-v., Gwinnett co., Ga., 91 n. w. Milledgeville, 662 W. Naple.s, p-v., Scott CO., 111., 56 w. Springfield, 834 W. Situated on Illinois r., 2 ms. above the mouth of Mauvaiseterre r. It contains several stores, 3 steam mills, and about 100 dwellings. It has an extensive trade, and many steamboat arrivals and departures. Napoleon, p-t., capital of Henry co., O., 154 N. w. Columbus, 4S5 W. The v. is situated on the N. bank of Maumee r., and contains a court house, and several dwellings. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 2 sch. 69 scholars. Pop. 615. Napoleon, p-t., Jackson co., Mich., 66 w. De- troit, 512 W. It has 3 stores, cap. $9,000; 1 floiu-ing m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,000. 1 acad. 86 students, 2 sch. 131 scholars. Pop. 1,098. Napoleon, p-v., Gallatin co., Ky., 51 n. Frank- fort, 528 W. Napoleon, p-v., Ripley co., Ia., 59 s. e. In- dianapolis, 542 W. It contains 1 store, 1 tan- nery, several mechanic shops, and about 100 in- habitants. Napoleon, p-v., Chicot co.. Ark., 148 s. E. Little Rock, 1,087 W. Situated on the w. bank of the Mississippi, at the entrance of Arkansas r. Napoli, p-t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 303 w. by s. Albany, 341 W. The surface is elevated and rolling ; soil, fertile. Drained by Coldspring cr. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,300. 7 sch. 316 scholars. Pop. 1,145. Naponoch, v., Wawarsing t., Ulster co., N. Y. Situated on Rondout cr., half a mile w. of the Delaware and Hudson canal, and contains 1 church, 2 stores, 2 tanneries, 1 edge tool fac, 1 grist m., 70 dwellings, and about 50O inhabitants. The falls in the cr. here aflbrd a great water power. Narraganset Bay, R. I. This beautiful body of water sets up from the Atlantic, between Point Judith on the w., and Seaconnet rocks on the E., and is 28 ms. long, and from 3 to 13 broad. It receives Providence and Pawtucket rivers in its n. w. part, Taunton r. in its n. e. part, and Pawtuxet r. on its w. side. It contains a number of beautiful and fertile islands, of which the chief are Rhode Island, Canonicut and Prudence. It is accessible at all seasons, has some fine harbors, and is the best naval sta- tion in the United States. Narragaugus, v. and bay, Washington co.. Me. The r. enters the bay in its n. w. part, and the bay contains several islands, has a broad and open mouth, and has Pleasant bay on the E. Narragaugus, po., Wasliington co.. Me., 124 E. Augusta, 706 W. Narrowsburg, p-o., Lumberland t., Sullivan CO., N. Y., 141 s. w. Albany, 283 W. Narrow's Mills, p-o.. Union co.. Pa., 85 n. Harrisburg, 194 W. Narrows, New York harbor, lying between Long Island on the E., and Staten Island on the NAS 440 NAT \v., about 1 mile wide, strongly defended by forts on each side. It forms the entrance from the lower bay into the harbor. N.^RROws, p-o., Alleghany co., Md. Nash, county, N. C. Situated a little n. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 640 sq. ms. Tar r. runs on its s. border, by branches of which it is drained. Capital, Nashville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 753, sheep 635, swine 2,257 ; wheat 833 busli. produced, Ind. corn 32,325, oats 5,832, potatoes 7,591, cotton 50,728 pounds; 9 sch. 13S scholars. Pop. whites 4,941, slaves 3,697, free col'd 409 ; total, 9,047. Nashawn, island, Mass. One of the Elizabeth islands, on the s. e. side of Buzzard's bay, 9 ms. long and 2 broad. Nashawenna, island, Mass. One of the Elizabeth islands. It is inhabited. Nashport, p-v., Licking t., Muskingum co., O., 54 Columbus, 351 W. Situated on the Ohio and Erie canal. It contains 2 stores, 3 ware- houses, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Nash's Stream, N. H., a branch of Upper Ammonoosuc r., which it enters from the n. Nashua, r., Hillsborough co., N. H., runs Sartly in Mass., and flows into the Merriraac at (unstable, N. H. Nashua, p-t., Hillsboro' co., N. H., 12 n. w. Lowell, 36 s. by e. Concord, 447 W. It is situa- ted on the w. side of Merrimac r. It is level on the E., and uneven on the w. The soil is fertile. Watered by Nashua r. The v. is situated on the N. side of Nashua r., near its entrance into the Merrimac, and contains 8 churches, 50 stores, and many elegant dwellings. The r. falls 65 feet in 2 ms., and produces an extensive water power, and here are large cotton factories. There are in the t. 50 stores, cap. $129,706 ; 5 cotton fae. 34,348 sp., 1 tannery, 1 pottery, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers, 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,294,500. 1 acad. 214 stu- dents, 36 sch. 1,476 scholars. Pop. 6,054. Nashville, p-o., Hanover t., Chautauque co., N. Y., 310 w. Albany, 353 W. Nashville, p-v., Washington t.. Holmes co., O., 82 N. E. Columbus, 354 W. It contains 1 Dutch Reformed and 1 Methodist church, 2 stores, 25 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. Nashville, p-v., capital of Nash co., N. C, 44 E. by N. Raleigh, 254 W. Situated on the s. side of Peach Tree cr., a branch of Tar r. It contains a court house and several dwellings. Nashvillk, city, capital of Davidson co., Tenn., and of the state, is situated on the s. side of Cumberland r., in 36° 9' 33" n. hit., and 86^^ 49' 3" w. Ion., 110 n. Hunts ville, 183 w. Knox- ville, 250 s. vv. Lexington, Ky., 909 s. w. N. York, 684 W. Pop. 1830, 5,566; 1840, 6,929. It is pleasantly situated, and regularly laid out; the ground rises by a gentle inclination, and furnishes many pleasant situations for residences. It haa a court house, jail, and market house, 11 church-! es, 2 Baptist, 1 Christian, 1 Cumberland Presby- terian, 1 Presbyterian, 4 Methodist, 1 Episcopal, 1 Roman Catholic, 3 banks, the iialls of the Nash- ville University, a lunatic asylum, and a state penitentiary, 310 feet long, 350 deep and 2 stories nigh, containing 200 cells for convicts. The Nashville Ihiiversiiy was founded in 1806, has a president and 5 professors, or other instructors, 236 alumni, 292 students, and 10,000 vols, in its libraries. The commencement is on the first Wednesday in October. Cumberland r. is here navigable for vessels of from 30 to 40 tons, and at high water for ships of 400 Uma. 15 steam boats are employed on the river, besides a great number of keel-boats and flat-boats. Ihere were in 1840, 3 for. commercial and 8 commis- sion houses, cap. §235,000 ; 75 retail stores, cap. $1,606,400; 1 forge, 1 tannery, 1 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 2 binderies, 1 daily, 5 weekly and 3 semi-weekly newspapers. Cap. in manu- fac. $151,00,0. 3 acad. 320 students, 2 sch. 123 scholars. Tonnage, 4,733. Nashville, p-v., Lowndes co.. Miss., 155 N. E. Jackson, 871 W. Situated on the n. e. side of the Tombigbee r. Nashville, p-v., capital of Brown co., la., 54 s. Indianapolis, 599 W. Situated on the n. side of Salt cr. It contains a court house and several dwellings. Nashville, p-v., capital of Washington co.. 111., 118 s. Jjy E. Springfield, 793 W. Situatci? on an elevated and beautiful prairie, at the head of Little Crooked cr., and contains a court house, 3 stores, a steam saw m., and about 20 dwellings. Nashville, p-v., Boone co.. Mo., 24 n. w. JeflTerson City, 953 W. Situated on the n. side of the Missouri r. Nassau, r., Flor., runs e. on the s. border of Nassau co., and enters by Nassau inlet into the Atlantic. Nassau, county, Flor. Situated in the n. e. part of the ter., and contains 576 sq. ms. The surface is level, and in some parts marshy. Amelia Island occupies the whole front of its Atlantic coast. St. Mary's r. runs on its n. bor- der, and Nassau r. on its s. border, by which, and their branches, it is drained. Capital, Nassau C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,686, sheep 436, swine 5,011, Indian com 17,400 bushels pro- duced, potatoes 16,000, rice 31,500 pounds, cotton 66,425 ; 2 stores, cap. $15,000 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $25,000 ; 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 5 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. wliites 954, slaves 908, free coPd 30; total, 1,892. Nassau, p-t., Rensselaer co., N. Y., 12 s. e. Albany, 365 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, gravel and warm loam, and productive. Drained by Kinderkook cr. and its tributaries. The v. is pleasantly situated on a plain, and contains 3 churches — 2 Presbyterian, and 1 Methodist — an academy, 5 stores, 1 grist m., 1 carriage fac, 50 dvv'ellings, and about 400 inhabitants. There are in the t. 10 stores, cap. §2,300 ; 3 fidling m., 6 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 3,1.58sp., 3 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 6 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac $74,780. 15 sch. 879 scholars. Pop. 3,236. Natchez, city, and capital of Adams co., Miss., 100 s. w. Jackson, 1,1 10 W. It is situated on the E. bank of the Mississippi r., mostly on a bluff, elevated 150 feel above the level of the river, 155 ms. from New Orleans by land, and 292 by the course of the river. A part of the place is built on the margin of the r. It is laid out in tlio form of a parallelogram, with streets intersecting each other at right angles, but the site is very uneven. Some of the houses are elegant, but thoy are mostly of wood, and only one story high. Almost every house has a piazza and a balcony, and many of them have gardens finely ornamented with shrubbery, and stored with fruit. It has a court house, jail, 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist, and 1 Bethel for boatmen — 3 banks, 1 academy, 1 female seminary, an hopsital, orphan asylum, masonic hall, theatre, 2 steam oil mills for manufacturing oil from cotton seed, and 4,800 inhabitants. Three miles from the city is a race-course. The country around contains excellent cotton lands, and this place is a great cotton mart, and has an extensive and an increasing trade. Natchaug, r., Ct., rises in Union and Wood- stock, and enters Shetucket r., of which it is the NAT 441 NAZ largest branch, on the line of Chaplin and Mans- field. Natchitoches, parish, La. Situated in the N. w. part of the state, and contains 4,000 sq. ms. A greater portion of the par. consists of sterile land, covered with pine and some oak ; but along the Red r., which drains it, the soil is fertile, and well adapted to cotton. The Sabine r. runs on its s. w. border. Capital, Natchitoches. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,217, sheep 1,938, swine 15,849, Indian corn 362,806 bushels pro- duced, oats 10,080, potatoes 26,563, tobacco 114,350 pounds, cotton 10,638,709; 49 stores, cap. $494,500; 4 tanneries, 10 grist m., 12 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $74,500. 2 acad. 123 students, 5 sch. 58 scholars. Pop. whites 4,042, slaves 6,651, free coPd 657; total, 14,350. Natchitoches, (pronounced Nakitosh,) p. v., capital of Natchitoches par., La., 363 n. w. by w. New Orleans, 1,287 W. It is situated on the w. side of Red r., 200 ms. above its junction with the Mississippi r., at the foot of a bluff, and is built chiefly on one street. It contains a court house, jail, a Roman Cathohc church, and a United States military post, 2 printing ofiices, issuing 2 weekly newspapers, and about 2,000 inhabitants. It has considerable trade. It was settled by the French in 1717, and half the pre- sent inhabitants are of French descent. Nathansville, p-v., Conecuh co., Ala., 189 s. by w. Tuscaloosa, 950 W. Natick, p-t., Middlesex co., Mass., 17 w. s. w. Boston, 423 W. Incorporated in 1781. Wa- tered by Charles r., and contains numerous fish ponds. It has 2 villages. The n. village con- tains 1 Congregational and 1 Methodist church, and about 3D dwellings. The s. village is the oldest, and contains a Unitarian church and 20 dwellings. M'he Boston and Worcester railroad passes through it. The first Indian church in ^few England was formed here, by the Rev. Mr. Elliott, the apostle of the Indians, in 1660, and an Indian village was formed, consisting of 2 long streets, on the Boston side of the r., and 1 on the other, with a foot bridge across the r., and the place flourished under a succession of native and English teachers. It is now nearly extinct. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $5,500 ; 2 grist m., 6sawm. Cap. in manufac. $38,800. 1 acad 30 students, 6 schools, 309 scholars. Population 1,285. Natick, p-v., Warwick t., Kent co., R. I., 9 s. s. E. Providence, 399 W. Situated on the n. side of Patuxet river. It has several cotton fac- tories. Nation Ford, p-o., York dist., S. C, 81 n. Co- lumbia, 426 W. Natural Bridge, p-v., Wilna t., Jefferson CO., N. y., 153 N. w. Albany, 452 W. It con- tains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 1 store, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., and about 20 dwellings. Here is a natural bridge over Indian r., 15 feet wide, and 6 feet above the water, which is a curiosity. Natural Bridge, p-o., Rockbridge co., Va., 156 w. Richmond. Situated in the s. w. part of the county, near the Natural Bridge, one of the greatest curiosities in the United States. This bridge consists of a stupendous arch of limestone rock, over a chasm 50 feet wide at its base, and 90 feet at top. The height of the bridge above the stream to the top, is 215 feet ; its average width is 80 feet ; its extreme length at top is 93 feet, and its thickness, from its under to its upper side, is 55 feet. It is covered to the depth of from 4 to 6 feet with clayey earth, with a natural 5G parapet of rocks on the sides, rendered firm by trees and slirubbery. The view from above, to those who dare to take it. is awfully grand ; but the best view is obtained from beneath, where the astonished spectator has a full view of this < sublime work of nature. Cedar cr., which flows under the bridge, is a small and unimportant stream. This bridge is of important use, as it constitutes a safe and convenient passage across this great chasm, not otherwise possible for some miles above or below. Natural Canal, N. Y., connects the waters of Osvvegatchie and Grass rivers. It is 6 miles long, and from 10 to 20 rods wide, very straight, and navigable, at high water^ for boats of 10 tons burden. Natural Dam, p-o., Crawford co., Ark., 174 w. N. w. Little Rock, 1,230 W. Naugatuck, r., Ct., rises in Norfolk and Win- chester, in the n. w. part of the state, and enters the Ilousatonic, in Derby. Naugatuck, p-v., Waterbury t.. New Haven CO., Ct., 53 s. w. Hartford, 317 W. Situated principally on the w. side of Naugatuck r. It con- tains 4 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — 1 sattinet fac, 1 clock fac, 1 button fac, and several other fac- tories, 150 dvvellings, and about 1,500 inhabit- ants. The amount of articles manufactured e,x- ceeds $1,000,000 annually. Nauvoo, city, Hancock co., 111., 124 n. w< Springfield, 891 W. It is situated on the e. bank of the Mississippi r., which is here about 2 miles wide, and where is a good steamboat landing. In consequence of a curve in the r., it bounds the place on the n. w. and s. It is 181 ms. above the mouth of Illinois r., and the city limits include a; space 4 miles long, and 3 wide, at its greatest width, covered witli streest of ample width, and crossing each other at right angles. Its buildings, at the end of three years from the time of its es- tablishment, amount to 1,000, consisting chiefly of whitewashed log cabins, with some frame and brick houses. Its public buildings are the " Nauvoo House" a spacious hotel, fronting on 2 streets, 120 feet on each, 40 feet wide, and 3 stories high above the basement. In this build- ing Joe Smith, the pretended prophet and leader of these "Latter-day Saints," is provided with a suite of rooms. The Nauvoo Temple, not yet en- tirely completed, will be 130 feet long, and 100 feet wide. In the basement is a baptistry or brazen sea, supported on 12 gilded oxen, the model of which is derived from the brazen sea of Solomon. Their property is held as private ; but a large farm, w-ithout the city, is occupied and cultivated in common. The Nauvoo Legion con- si.^tsof from2 to 3,000 men, armed and disciplined. They have a Universily, which contains a presi- dent, a professor of mathematics and English literature, a professor of the learned languages, and a professor of church history. The popula- tion amounts to 7,000, wiiliin the city limits, a large number of whom are from England, besides about 3,000 who belong to the fraternity, in the vicinity. The city is divided into 4 wards, and has a mayor, and, from each of the wards, 2 aldermen, 4 common councilmen, and a con- stable. Navarino, p-o., Onondaga t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 143 W. by n Albany. N.wari.no, Wis. (See Green bay.) Nave's Store, p-o., Livingston co., Mo., 175 N. w. Jefferson City, 1,069 W. Naylor's Store, p-o., St. Charles county, Mo. Nazareth, p-o., Northampton co., Va. NEL 442 NES Neale's Creek, p-o., Union (list., S. C, 71 n. w. Columbia, 437 W. Neatrville, p-v., Adair co., Ky., 84 s. by w. Frankfort, 593 W. Neaves, t., Parke co., O. It has 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 6 $5. Nero, p-o., Ilopldns co., Ky., 206 w. s. w. Frankfort, 748 W. Nedoock, cape, York co., Me., is a rocky bar- ren bhifr on the Atlantic coast, inhabited by a few iishermen. Needuam, p-t., Norfolk co., Mass., 12 s. w. Boston, 427 W. (Charles r. runs on its s. e. and .\. border, vvliich has hero a fall of 20 feet, and another fall affording a good water power. At each of the falls is a village, with extensive man- ufactures of paper, cotton, shoes, &c. The t. contain.s 5 churches — 2 Congregational, 2 Metho- liist, and 1 Baptist. The Boston and Worcester railroad passes through it. Incorporated in 1711. It has 4 store.s, cap. $(1,500; 1 cotton fac. 1,200 sp., 3 paper fac, 2 grist ni., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $67,'JOO. 3 acad. 65 students, 6 sch. 360 scholars. Pop. 1,483. Neeley's Creek, p-o., York dist., S. C, 72 n. Columbia, 451 W. Neersvili.e, p-o., Loudon co., Va., 168 n. Richmond, 52 W. Neewavgox, county, Mich. Situated in the w. part of the southern peninsula, and contains 864 square miles. Drained by iNolipekago and White rivers. Maskegon r. passes across the southeni part of the co. It is unorganized. Neffsvii.le, p-v., Manheim t., Lancaster Co., Pa., 41 s. E. Plarrisburg, 115 W. It contains 15 or 20 dwellings. Negreet, p-o., Natchitoches par., La., 407 n. w. by w. New Orleans, 1,326 W. Negro Foot, p-o., Hanover co., Va. Negwegon, county, Mich. Situated in the n. E. part of the state, and contains 660 sq. miles. Drained by An Sable r. and branches, on the s., and branches of Thunder Bay river on the n. It is unorganized. Neh.'s Creek, p-o., Steuben co., N. Y., 229 w. by N. Albany, 310 W. Neil's Mills, p-o., Nicholas co., Va., 300 w. by N. Kicinnond. Nelso.v, county, Va. Situated in the central part of the state, and contains 4'JO sq. ms. It i.s bounded by James r. on the s. e., and by the Blue Ridge on the n. w. Drained by Rock- fish, Rock, and Tye rivers. Capital, Lovingston. Tiiere were in 1340, neat cattle 8,139, sheep 7,754, swine 20,341 ; wheat 128,478 bushels i)ro- duced, rye 35,320, Ind. corn 327,2.53, oats 90,777, potatoes 18,814, tobacco 2,228,817 pounds, cotton 994; 19 stores, cap. $258,400 ; 1 furnace, 6 tan- neries, 8 distilleries, 5 flouring m., 22 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. iifi50,050. 1 acad. 70 students, 13 sch. 265 scholars. Pop. whites 6,168, slaves 5,967, free colored, 152; total, 12,287. Nelson, county. Ky. Situated a little n. of the centre of the state, and contains 460 sq. ms. Drained by Hrech Fork and Rolling Fork of Salt r., and their branches. Capital, Bardstown. There were in 1810, neat cattle 18,508, sheep 20,353, swine 46,667 ; wheal 121,244 bush, prod., rye .56,07s, Ind. corn 473,374, buckwheat 3,610, oats 155,179, potatoes 12,521, sugar 14,71 ] pounds ; 6 lumber yards, cap. $200 ; 27 stores, capital, !3;139,130; I furnace, 1 Avoollen fac, 65 tanner- ies, 41 distilleries, 7 flouring m., 40 grist m., 25 saw m., 1 oil rn., 3 printing offices, 2 weekly news- papers. Cap. in manufac. $129,370. 1 college, 108 students, 3 acad. 341 students, 1 sch. 35 scholars. Pop. whites 8,878, slaves 4,643, free col'd 116; total, 13,637. Nelson, p-t., Cheshire co., N. H., 44 s. w. Concord, 444 W. It occupies the height of land between (Connecticut and 3Ierrimac rivers. The surface is hilly ; soil, adapted to grazing. It has several ponds, the outlets of which flow into Ashnclot and Contoocook rivers, and afford good water power. Chartered by the name of Pack- ersfield, in 1774. There are in the t. 1 store, cap. $6,000 ; 1 cotton fac 640 sp., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $30,000. 1 acad. 37 students, 9 sch. 336 scholars. Pop. 835. Nelson, p-t., Madison co., N. Y., 109 w. by n. Albany. T he surface is elevated and imdula- ting ; soil, clay and calcareous loam. Drained N. by Chittenango cr., and s. by Iiead branches of Chenango r. The v. contains 2 churches, 1 store, 35 dwelhngs, and about 225 inhabitants. The t. has 3 stores, cap. $6,500 ; 2 fulling m., 3 tanner- ies, 2 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufactures, $10,325. 10 sch. 713 scholars. Pop. 2,100. Nelson, p-o., Tioga co., Pa., 165 N.Harrisburg, 275 W. Nelson, p-t.. Portage co., O., 164 n. e. Colum- bus, 320 W. The soil is fertile, and adapted to grass and to grain. It has 9 sch. 291 scholars. Pop. 1,398. JN'elson Factory, p-v., Nelson t., Cheshire CO., N. H., 38 s. w. Concord, 444 W. Situated on Souhegan r. It has a cotton fac. with 640 sp., and several neat dwellings. Nelsonville, p-v., York t., Athens co., O., 59 s. E. Columbus, 353 W. Situated on the n. side of Hockhocking r. It contains 2 stores, and about 100 inhabitants. Neosho, r., Indian ter., rises in the dividing ridge between the Arkansas and Kansas rivers, runs 240 ms. s. e. and s. through the Osage and Cherokee lands, and enters the Arkansas 3 or 4 ms. .s. of Fort Gibson. Neosho, p-v., capital of Newton co., 3Io., 175 n. w. Jefferson City. Situated on Spring cr., a branch of Neosho r. Neponset, r., Mass., flows into Boston harbor, and is navigable for vessels of 150 tons, 4 ms., to Milton. Neponset Village, p-v., Dorchester t., Nor- folk CO., Mass., 5 s. Boston, 445 W. Situated on the N. side of Neponset r., and contains some mills and inanufaclories. Neptune, p-o., 3Iercer co., O., 112 w. n. w. Columbus, 505 W. Nescopeck, mt., liUzerne co.. Pa. Situated on the N. side of Nescopeck cr., runs 20 ms. par- allel to Wyoming mt., and is about 850 feet high. It is nearly destitute of timber on its sum- mit. Nescopeck, cr., rises in Hanover t, Luzerne CO., Pa., and flows over 30 ms. w. and n. w., into the Susquehanna r., at Nescopeck v. Nescopeck, p-t., Luzerne co.. Pa., 98 n. e. Harrisburg, 208 W. The surface is uneven, with some good bottom land on the streams. Watered by Big and Little Wapwallopen and Nescopeck creeks. The v. is situated at the en- trance of Nescopeck cr. into the Susquehanna r. It contains several stores, and about 30 dwell- ings. A bridge 1,256 feet long, and roofed, which cost $31,000, here crosses the Susquehanna. There are in the t. 2 stores, cap. $9,200 ; 1 forge, 2 flouring m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,100. 6 sch. 265 scholars. Pop. 1,370. Neshaminy, r., Pa., rises in Hilltown t., Bucks CO., and by a winding course of 35 ms., flows in- to Delaware r., 3 ms. below Bristol. It is cross- ed by several fine bridges, and the one nearest NEW 443 NEW its mouth on the road to New York, is a toll and a draw bridge. Neshanock, t., Mercer co., Pa. It has 3 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 2 commission houses, cap. $4,300 ; 1 furnace, 1 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 3 distilleries, 7 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $6,810. 13 sch. 555 scholars. Pop. 2,063. Nether Providence, p-t., Delaware co.. Pa., 12 w. Philadelphia, 90 Harrisburg, 124 W. The surface is level ; soil, productive clay, and well cultivated. Drained by Ridley cr. on its w., and Crum cr. on its e. boundary, both flowing into the Delaware r. It has 7 stores, cap. $2:i,900 ; 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 5 saw. Cap. in manu- fac. $6,740. 1 sch. 144 scholars. Pop. 1,025. Nettle Creek, t., Randolph co., la. It has 3 sch. 70 scholars. Pop. 596. Nettle Hill, p-o., Westbury t, Chaiitauque CO., N. Y. Nesaquake, r., SufTolk co , N. Y., rises in the t. of Smithtown, and flows w. 4 ms., whence it forms 3 ponds in succession, afTording excellent water power. Thence it flows n. 5 ms. into Long Island sound, being navigable that distance for small craft, at higli tide. Nesaquake, v., Smithtown t., Suffolk co., N. Y. Situated on the e. side of a stream of the same name, and contains a school house, and 10 or 12 dwellings. Here was the residence of " Richard Smith," and the first settlement made on this part of Long Island. Neshoba, county. Miss. Situated toward the E. part of the state, and contains 600 sq. ms. Drained by Pearl r., and its head branches. Capital, Philadelphia. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,003, sheep 677, swine 8,663 ; wheat 7,163 bush, produced, Ind. corn 83,230, oats 1,810, potatoes 14,506, rice 1,563 pounds, tobacco 2,918, cotton 1,032,947 ; 3 .stores, cap. $19,000; 3 tan- neries, 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $800. 4 sch. 65 scholars. Pop. whites 1,693, slaves 744 ; total, 2,437. Neuse, r., N. C., rises in Person and Orange counties, and after a course of about 300 ms., flows into a large estuary, connected with Pam- lico sound. It is navigable for sea vessels 12 ms. above Nevvbern, and ibr boats about 200 ms. Neversink, p-t., Sullivan co., N. Y., 99 s. w. Albany, 3 12 W. The surface is hilly and moun- tainous. Drained by Neversink r. on the s., and by Rondout cr. on the e. It has 4 stores, cap. $9,800 ; 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 16 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $158,850. 14 sch. 520 scholars. Pop. 1,681. Neversink, Highlands of, extend across the N. part of Monmouth co., N. J. Adjacent to the ocean they are 300 or 400 feet high, ccmsisting of sandy earth, colored by oxide of iron, and imbed- ding reddish brown sand and pudding-stone, ce- mented by iron, resting on banks of oyster shells and other marine relics, blended with clay and sea mud. A small portion of them only is culti- vated, but they are generally covered with wood. Neville, p-v., Washington t., Clermont co., O., 126 E. s. E. Columbus, 486 W. Situated on the Ohio r. Nevin, p-o., Highland co., O., 82 s. w. Colum- bus, 449 W. New Alranv, p-v., Albany t., Bradford co.. Pa., 136 N. Harrisburg, 247 W. New Albany, citv, and capital of Floyd co., la , 121 s. by e. Indianapolis, 600 W. Situated on the N. bank of the Ohio r., 2 ms. below the foot of the falls, where the Ohio descends 32 feet ill one mile. It is the largest place in the state, and contains a court house, jail, 9 churches — 2 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 2 Baptist, 2 Methodist, 1 Campbellite, and 1 Roman Catholic — a bank, an insurance co,, 1 male and 1 female seminary, a lyceum, 4 schools, a theological college, 40 or 50 stores of different kinds, 1 iron foundry and steam engine fac, 1 rope fac, 1 steam grist m., 1 steam saw m., 1 hemp bagging fac, and 4,226 in- habitants. It is regularly laid out with six streets running parallel with the r. the whole length of the city, intersected by 11 others crossing them at right angles. The streets are generally from 60 to 80 or 100 feet wide. From 10 to 15 steam- boats are built here annually, besides sloops and schooners, to be sold at New Orleans, and there are several extensive ship yards. The place was laid off in 1813. A macadamized road is finished 50 ms., being part of an overland communication with St. Louis, Mo. A railroad is also partly finished toward Cravvfordsville, la. There are in the t., exclusive of the city, 1,.308 inliabitants. New Albany, p-v., Pontotoc co.. Miss. New Albany, v.. Green t., Columbiana co., O. It has 1 sch. and 52 inhabitants. New Albion, p-t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 307 w. by s. Albany, 347 W. The surface is ele- vated and broken ; soil, fertile, adapted to grain and to grazing. Drained by Cattaraugus cr. and Alleghany r. It has 1 store, cap. $2,500 ; I grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,500. 6 sch. 254 scholars. Pop. 1,016. New Ale.xander, p-v.. West t., Columbiana CO., O., 146 N. E. by e. Columbus, 292 W. It has 2 stores, 25 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. New Alexandria, p-v., Westmoreland co., Pa., 171 w. Harrisburg, 197 W. Situated on the E. side of Loyalhanna r., and contains 3 stores, and about 30 dwellings. New Alstead, p-v., Alstead t., Cheshire co., N. H., 54 s. w. Concord, 458 W. Situated on s. side of Cold r. New A.\isterdam, p-v., Harrison co., la., 140 s. Indianapolis, 637 W. Situated on the E. side of the Ohio r., immediately above the entrance of Indian cr. Newark, p-t., Caledonia co., Vt., 57 n. k. Montpelier, 567 VV. The surface is moderately uneven; soil, cold and wet, and unproductive. Drained by the head waters of Pasumsic r. It has 2 saw m., 4 sch. 133 scholars. Pop. 360. Newark, t., Tioga co., N. Y., 8 n. Owego, 161 w. s. w. Albany. The surface is hilly, with fer- tile valleys ; soil, gravelly loam. Drained by E. and W. Owego creeks. It has 5 stores, cap. $13,000; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 5 grist m., 20 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $19,840. 511 schol- ars in schools. Pop. 1,616. Newark, p-v., Arcadia t., Wayne co., N. Y., 186 w. by N. Albany, 357 W. Situated on the Erie canal, and contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Methodist, and 1 Universalist — 12 stores, 2 ware- houses, 1 steam flouring m. and distillery, 2 steam furnaces, 2 carriage fac, 20J dvvelhngs, and about 1,'iOO inhabitants. Newark, city, port of entry, and capital of Es- sex CO., N. J., 9 w. New York, 49 n. e. Trenton, 215 W. It is situated on the w. side of Passaic river, 3 ms. from its entrance into Newark bay, and is the most populous and flourishing place in the state. It is in 40° 44' x. lat., and 2° 44' e. Ion. from W. The population in 1830, was 10,950; in 1840, 17,290. Of these, 206 were employed hi commerce ; 2,424 in manufactures and trades ; 59 navigating the ocean, rivers, &,c. ; 101 in the learned professions. The river is navigable to this place for vessels of 100 tons burden, and the Morris canal passes tlirough it. There is a communication, a large NEW 444 NEW part of the year, twice a day by steamboat to | It contains a Methodist church. It has 1 tannery. New York, and several times a day by railroad. 1 grist ni., 1 saw m., 2 schools. Pop. 227. "" ' ' ' ' ' • ' New Athens, p-v., Athens t., Harrison CO., O., 11.5 E. by N. Columbu?, 291 W. It contains a church, 4 stores, and about 400 inhabitants. The place is regularly laid out, the street-s are generally broad and straight, and many of the nouses are neat and elegant. Two large public grounds, bordered by lofty trees and bounded by the principal avenues, add much to the beauty of the place. The city is abundantly supplied with pure water brought by a company from a fine spring, 2 miles distant, and distrinuti-d in the city in iron pipes of a total lengili of 7 miles. Several of the churches are handsome buildings. The court house is built of brown freestone, in a commanding position in the w. part of the city, and is a large and elegant building of the Egyp- tian architecture. There are 17 churches — 5 Presbyterian, 1 As- sociate Reformed, 2 Baptist, 3 Methodist, 1 Epis- copal, 1 Dutch Reformed, 1 African Methodist, 1 Roman Catholic, 1 Bethel, and 1 Universalist. There are 3 banks, with an aggregate capital of $1,450,000, of which not more than two thirds have been paid in. There is an apprentices' library ; a circulating library ; a mechanics' asso- ciation for scientific and literary improvement, who have a valuable library and philosophical apparatus, and who support public lectures ; and a young men's literary association. The commerce of Newark is considerable and increasing. The coasting trade employs 65 vessels of lOi) tons each. A whaling and seal- ing company was incorporated in 1S33, which is prosecuting the business. The tonnage of this port in 1840, was 6,687. There were in 1840, 116 stores, cap. ^'353,000; 6 lumber yards, 2 breweries, 5 printing ollices, cap. in manufac. $1,511,339. 6 acad. 319 students, 30 sch. 1,955 scholars. This town was first settled in 1666, by a com- pany from Guilford, Branford, Milford, and New Haven, Conn. New.\rk, p-v., Newcastle co., Del., 59 n. by w. Dover, 99 W. Situated in the w. part of the county. New.\rk, p-v., Worcester co., Md., 123 s. e. Annapolis, 163 W. Situated in the e. part of the county. New.*.rk, p-v., capital of Licking co., O., 39 E. N. E. Columbus, 366 W. Situated at the con- fluence of 3 principal branches of Licking r., and on the Ohio and Erie canal, which passes along one of its streets. It has a brick court house, iail, several churches, 2 academies, a market house, 15 stores, 2 printing oflices, and 2,705 in- habitants. New.^rk, t., Allegan, co., Mich., 180 w. De- troit. The v. is situated on Kalamazoo r., 2 ms. from its mouth, in Lake Michigan. It has a com- JTiodious harbor, and contains several stores, a steam saw m., and about 20 dwellings. The t. has 1 tannery, 2 saw m. Pop. 121. Newark, p-v., Warrick co., la. Situated on the E. side of Big Pigeon cr. New.\rk, p-v.. La Salle co., III., 153 n. n. e. Springfield, 776 W. New.vrk, p-v., Knox county. Mo., 44 n. Jefler- son City, 958 W. Situated on the n. e. side of the S. Fabius r. Newark Vallev, p-v., Newark t., Tioga co., N. Y., 154 w. s. w. Albany, 285 W. Situa'ted on EastOwego cr.,rfnd contains 2 churches, a high school, 5 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Pop. 4(K) New Ashfohd, t., Berkshire co., Mass., ISn. Lenox, 130 w. by n. Boston. Incorporated in 1801. The surface is mountainous ; soil, adapted to grazing. Drained by head branches of Green r. and of Housatonic r. Marble is found here. It is the seat of Franklin college, which was founded in 1825, has a president, and 6 profes- sors or other instructors, 84 alumni, 51 students, and l,9(K)vols. in its libraries. The commence- ment is on the last Wednesday in September. New Baltimohf, p-t., Greene co., N. Y., 15 .<. Albany, 354 W. The surface is broken and hilly ; soil, a fertile clay and sandy loam, well cultivated. Drained by Dieppe and Ilaivrak- rauH creeks, flowing into Iludson r., which bounds it on the e. The v. is situated on the w. side of Hudson river, and contains 1 Dutch Re- formed church, 4 stores, 2 warehouses. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. ,<'13,700 ; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 1 paper fac, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 7 saw m., and 16 schools. Pop. 2,306. New Baltimore, p-v., Fauquier co., Va., 108 5. by w. Richmond, 45 W. It contains 1 Baptist church in the vicinity, an academy, 2 stores, 1 tannery, about 20 dwellings, and 120 inhabitants. New Baltimore, p-v., Marlboro t., Stark CO., O., 133 N. E. Columbus, 315 W. New Barbadoes, t., Bergen co., N. .T. The surface is mostly level ; soil, sandy loam and red shale, and well cultivated. Drained by Ilacken- sack r. It has 7 stores, cap. $1,.500; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 6 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 acad., 6 schools. Pop. 2,104. New Bedford, p-t., port of entry, and semi- capital of Bristol CO., Mass., 55 miles s. Boston, to which it is connected by railroad, 226 e. New York, and 434 from Washington, in 41° 37' 43" N. lat., and 70° 59' W. Ion. Pop. 1830, 7,592 ; 1840, 12,087 ; 1844, about 15,000. New Bedtbixl was incorporated in the year 1787. It is beauti- fully situated on the west side of Acushnet r., which makes up in a northerly direction into the land, near the western extremity of Buzzard's bay. It is built upon ground which rises rapidly from the river; and the approach to it from the south is not excelled by that of any town in the country. It is laid out with much regularity, the streets crossing each other at right an- gles. It contains a town house, a fine structure of granite 100 feet long, 61 feet wide, and 3 stories in height ; a court house, and custom house; 4 banks, with a capital of $1,300,000 ; 3 marine insurance companies, 2 of which are. upon the mutual plan ; 1 fire insurance office ; and an institution for savings, with deposites to the amount of $'331, 5(W; 18 churches, some of which are elegant — 1 Baptist, 3 Congregational, 1 Episcopal, 4 Christian, 1 Friends', 4 Method- ist, 1 Roman Catholic, 1 Unitarian, 1 Univer- salist, and 1 Bethel, owned by the N. B. Port Society, and is connected with a reading-room and registry office. 2 of the above churches are occupied by people ol'color. The whale fishery, and the manufacture of its products, are the principal branches of business in which the in- iiabitants are engaged. As early as the year 1764 we rind the settlers of the village of Bed- ford sending out small cralt in search of the greasy monsters, some of whom reached as far south as the Falkland Islands. Suspended by the war of the Revolution, the business was vigorously and successfully renewed at its close, and, excepting the interruption caused by the second war with Britain, it has been constantly pursued and continually increasing. The whole number of vessels belonging to the town en- gaged in fishing is 229, all ships but 4, measuring NEW 445 NEW 73,695 tons, and having on board upwards of 6,000 seamen. During the year 1843 there were 101,988 barrels, or 3,212,622 gallons of oil brought into the port in ships belonging to the place — 61,066 barrels of which was sperm, (cachalot,) and 40,922 barrels right whale, (Balcena Aus- tralis,) or black oil. Large quantities of whale- bone are obtained from the right whales. The value of the import? of oil and bone for the year 1843 was about $2,330,000. Up to the 1st day of July of the present year, (1S44,) 28,511 bar- rels of sperm oil, 75,070 barrels of right whale oil, and 7.50,475 pounds of whalebone, have been brought in by the New Bedford ships, the value of which is $1,936,123. There are KH),038 tons of shipping belonging to the district, 94,149 tons of which are engaged in the whaling business. There are about 20 oil and candle manufactories now in operation. There is an e.xtensive cord- age factory, moved by steam, and employing 75 persons, and turning out annually 400 tons of cordage. There is also a manufactory of Prus- sian blue. Ship building is very extensively carried on. The New Bedford Railway and Wharf Company have a capital of $'50,000. The valuation of the property of the town the present year (1844) is $14,767,000. There are owned by the town 12 public school-houses, in which, and in other buildings hired for the purpose, are supported 25 schools. An appropriation has been made of $12,000 for the erection of a high school. There is a Friends' academy, exclu- sively devoted to the education of females ; it contains a library and philosophical apparatus. Oak Grove cemetery, a short distance west of the village, contains 8 acres of ground ; it is beautifully situated. The township is lOi miles long from south to north, but very narrow, the greatest width being but 3 miles, and the aver- age width H miles. New Bedford, p-v., Mahoning t., Mercer co., Pa., 244 w. N. w. Columbus, 285 W. It contains a Presbyterian ch., 2 stores, and 30 dwellings. New Rkdford, p-v., Crawford t., Coshocton CO., C, 99 N. E. Columbus, 333 W. Pop. 250. Neweerg, p-t., Cass co., Mich., 157 w. by s. Detroit, 605 W. It has 1 saw m. Pop. 175. New Berlin, p-t., Chenango co., N. Y., 8 n. E. Norwich, 88 w. Albany, 347 W. The surface is undulating; soil, moist clay loam. Drained by UnadiUa r. The v. is situated on the w. bank of Uuadilla r., and contains 4 churches, 8 stores, 1 cotton lac, 1 grist m., 1 tannery, 1 rope walk, 1 oil m., 1 carding mach., 1 trip-hammer works, 1 brewery, and 600 inhabitants. There are in the 1. 13 stores, cap. $53,200 ; 1 fulling m., 1 cot- ton fac. 4,400 sp., 4 tanneries, 1 pap. fac, 5 grist m.,11 saw m., 23 sch., 765 scholars. Pop. 3,086. New Berlin, p-b., capital of Union co.. Pa., 69 N. llarrisburg, 179 W. Situated on the n. side of Penn's or. It contains a court house, a jail, 2 neat churches, 3 stores, 2 tanneries, 1 pot- tery, 1 printing office, 1 grist m. Pop. 679. New Berlin, p-v., Blair t., Stark Co., O., 129 N. E. Columbus, 318 W. New Berlin, p-v., Milwaukee CO., Wis., 91 E. Madison, 818 W. New Berlin Centre, p-o., New Berlin t., Chenango co., N. Y., 102 w. Albany, ai3 W. Newdern, p-v., Green CO., Ala. Newbern, p-v., Bartholomew co., la., 50s. by E. Indianapolis, 570 W. Situated" on the s. side ofClifty cr. Newbern, p-v., Greene co., III., 83 s. w. Springfield, 820 W. NiiWEERN, p-v., port of entry, and capital of Otaven co. N. C, is situated on the s. w. bank of the Neuse r., at the junction of the Trent, 30 ms. above Pamlico sound, 120 e. s. e. Raleigh, 100 N. N. E. Wilmington, 348 W. Pop. 183(.), 3,776; 1840, 3,690. It was long the capital of the state. The Neuse is here a mile and a half, and the Trent three tburihs of a mile wide. It has a court house, jail, a theatre, a masonic hall, 2 banks, and 3 churches — 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist. It is pleasantly situated and handsomely built, and more healthy than most places in the state so near the seabord. It has considerable trade, and exports grain, pork, lum- ber, and naval stores. A steamboat plies to Eliz- abeth City, and this connects with the line from Norfolk, Va., to Charleston, S. C. There were in 1810, 53 stores, cap. $379,410 ; 2 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 5 saw m., 1 printing of- fice, 4 academies and 3 schools. Newberrv, district, S. C. Situated a little n. w. of the centre of the state, and contains 540 sq. ms. Broad r. runs on its e. border, and Saluda r. on its s. border, by branches of which it is wa- tered. Muchof the soilisi'ertile. Capital, New- berry. There were in 1840, neat cattle 19,600, sheep 7,183, swine 35,666 ; wheat 57,350 bush, produced, rye 708, Ind. corn 635,634, barley 1,129, oats 73,185, potatoes 33,460, cotton 3,105,107 pounds ; 34 stores, 4 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 15 liouring m., 18 grist m., 18 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $90,350. 3 acad. 29 schools. Pop. 18,350. Newberry, t., York co., Pa. It has 7 stores, cap. $21,900 ; 2 tanneries, 7 distilleries, 3 potte- ries, 6 grist m., 5 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in man- ufac. $33,160. 13 sch. 400 scholars. Pop. 1,850. Newberry, p-v., Lycomingco., Pa., 95 n. Har- risburg, 205 W. Newberry, p-t., Geauga co., 0., 159 n. w. Co- lumbus, 333 W. Newberry, p-v., Wayne county, Ky., 119 s. Frankfort, 60S W. Situated on the w. side of Otter creek. Newberry, C. H., p-v., capital of Newberry dist., S. C, 40 w. N. w. Columbia, 504 W. Newbekrytown, p-v., York co.. Pa., 19 s. Harrisburg, 105 W. New Bethel, p-v., Marion co., la., 8 s. e. In- dianapolis, 579 W. New Bloomfield, p-b., Juniata t., capital of Perry co., Pa., 34 w. oy n. Harrisburg, 126 W. It contains a court house and public oilices of brick, a stone jail, 5 stores, 2 churches, a print- ing olRce, and 400 inhabitants. New Bloomfield, p-v., Callaway CO., Mo., 11 N. by E. Jelferson City, 928 W. Newborn, p-v., Newton co., Ga., 55 jt. w. Milledgeville, 654 W. New Boston, p-t., Hillsboro' co. N. H., 22 s. by w. Concord, 467 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, fertile. Watered by a branch of Piscata- quoag r. It has 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 4 grist m., 19 saw m., 18 sch. 558 scholars. Pop. 1,569. New Boston, p-v., Sandistield t., Berkshire CO., Mass., 122 w. by s. Boston, 360 W. New Boston, p-v., Thompson t., Windham CO., Ct., 48 n. e. by e. Hartford, 384 W. Situa- ted on both sides of the Quinnebaugr. New Bk-^intree, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 66 w. Boston, 399 W. The surface is moderate- ly uneven ; soil, fertile, adapted to grazing. Drained by Ware r., which runs on its n. w. bor- der. Finely watered by springs and brooks— has 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 7 sch. Pop. 752. New Bremen, p-v., German t., Mercer co., 0., 97 w. N. w. Columbus, 491 W. New Bridge, p-v., Lumpkin co., Ga., 136 N. N. w. Milledgeville, 630 W. Situated on the N side of Cliesiatee r. NEW 446 NEW New Bridgeville, p-o., York co., Pa., 39 s. Ilnrrisburg, 101 W. JNkw Brighton, v., Castleton t., Richmond CO., X. Y. Delightfully situated on the x. end of Stalcn Island, 6 ms. from New York, with which it is connected by a steam ferry. It con lain.s a number of elegant dwellings, on ascend- ing ground, and 2 large hotels, much resorted to in the summer, a young ladies' seminary, and the lSv*lor's Snug Harbor, 1 m. w. The view of tbis place from New York, and the view from this place of the city and harbor is beautiful. Nkw Brighton, b., Beaver CO., Pa. Situated on the E. bank of Beaver river, 3 miles above its mouth, which afford.s water power. It contains 6 churches — 1 Methodist, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Asso- ciate Reformed, 1 Unionist, and 2 Friends — 1 fe- male seminary, an insurance ofTice, the New Brighton Institute, for the promotion of literature and science, and 9 stores. The v. is regularly laid out, with broad streets, crossing each oilier at right angles, and has many beautiful residen- ces. 2 bridges cross the Beaver, 1 at each end of the v., one to Brighton t., and the other to Fallston b. The Pennsylvania and Ohio canal passes through it. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. $13,001); 1 furnace, 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, I printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 2 ilouring m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manul'ac. $91,350. 2 acad. 85 students, 3 sch. 92 scholars. Pop. 981. New Brit.\in, p-v., Berlin t., Hartford co., Ct., 10 s. w. Hartford, 320 W. It contains 3 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Methodist, and 1 Baptist — 45 factories, chiefly of brass, employing 7(i0 persons, and a cap. of $650,000 ; and about 1,500 inhab- itants. New Brit.vin, p-o., New Lebanon t Colum- bia CO., N. Y., 24 s. E. Albany, 368 W. New Britain, p-t., Bucks co.. Pa., 25 n. w. Philadelphia, 96 e. Harrisburg, 165 W. The surface is rolling ; soil, sandy loam. Drained by branches of Neshamiuy cr., which affords water power. It has 3 stores, cap. $8,(X)0 ; 1 tannery, 5 grist m., 5 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $9,510. 2 sch. 48 scholars. Pop. 1,304. New Brunswick, city, capital of Middlesex CO., N. J., 29 .s. w. New York, 27 n. e. Trenton, 193 W. Situated on the w. hank of Raritan r., 14 ms. from its entrance into Raritan bay at Am- boy. It is the capital of Middlesex co., though it lies partly in Somerset co., Albany-street form- ing the dividing line. The streets immediately on the r. are narrow, and the ground is low. The streets on the upper bank are wide, and con- tain many fine buildings. A toll-bridge here crosses the Raritan, rct)uilt in 1811, and cost $86,687. A railroad bridge crosses the r., a little above. Incorporated as a city in 1784. It con- tains a court house, jail, 7 churches — 1 Dutch Reformed, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 1 Mettiodist, 1 colored Methodist, and 1 Roman Catholic — 2 banks, 120 stores, 800 dwellings, and 8,693 inhabitants, it is the scat of Rutgers Col- lege, founded in 1770, which has a president, 10 professors or other instructors, 370 alumni, of whom 77 have been ministers of the gospel, 82 Btudent.s, and 1,200 vols, in its libraries. The commencement is on the third Wednesday in July. The Delaware and Raritan canal com- mences here, extending 43 ms. to Trenton, is 75 feet wide and 7 feet deep, admitting the passage of sloops of from 75 to 100 tons burden. The New Jersey railroad passes through the city, foruung a part of the chain of railroads from New Y ork to Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Wash- ington. New Buffalo, p-o., Buffalo t.. Perry co.. Pa., 19 N. by w. Harrisburg, 129 W. Situated on the Susquehanna r., 5 ins. above the entrance of the Juniata, where is a ferry across the former. New Buffalo, p-t., Berrien co., Mich., 225 w. by g. Detroit, 678 W. The v. is situated on a point of land between Galien r. and Lake Michi- gan, and contains 4 stores, a forwarding and commission house, about 60 dwellings, and 400 inhabitants. It forms the termination of a pro- jected railroad from Monroe across the s. part of the peninsula. It has 1 sch. 10 scholars. Pop. 123. Newburg, p-t., Penobscot co.. Me., 51 n. e. Augusta, 646 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Incorporated in 1819. Drained by a branch of Sowadabscook r. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,000; 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 9 sch. 427 scholars. Pop. 963. Newburg, p-t., semi-capital of Orange co., N. Y., 60 N. New York, 84 s. by w. Albany, 286 W. The surface is hilly and broken ; soil, clay and sandy loam. Hudson r. bounds it on the e. The v. is pleasantly situated on the w. bank of Hudson r., on rising ground. Incorporated iit 18(X). It contains a court house, jail, 1 1 churches — 2 Presbyterians, 2 Associate Reformed, 1 Bap- tist, 1 Methodist, 1 Episcopal, 1 Dutch Reformed, 1 Reformed Presbyterian, I Roman Catholic, and 1 African — 3 banking houses, 1 academy, 1 high school, a theological seminary of the Associate Reformed church, 150 stores, 9 storehouses, 5 freighiiiig establishments, 3 Ilouring m., 3 plaster m., 1 brewery, and numerous mechanical and manufacturing establishments, 1,000 dwellings, and about 6,000 inhabitants. It has 4 steamboats and 2 freiglit barges, which run between it and New Y'ork city, and 1 steamlioat running to Al- bany, besides a number of sloops, trading to dif- ferent places on the r. There is a steam lerry between this place and Fishkill. on the opposite side of the r. Washington had his head-quarters here, for a time, during the revolutionary war, and the house is standing in which he and his family resided ; and here the American army was disbanded, June 23d, 1783. There are in the t. 2 ai-id. 142 students, 23 sch. 1,2S3 scholars Pop. 8,933. Newburg, p-v., Hopewell t., Cumberland co., Pa., 41 w. by s. Ilarrisburg, 109 W. It contains 1 store, and 10 or 12 dwellings. Newburg, p-t., Cuyahoga co., O., 150 n. e. by .N. Columbus, 353 VV. The soil is fertile. The v. is situated on 3Iill cr., where is a beautiful wa- ter fall, alfordiug extensive water power. It contains 3 churches, 2 stores, ] grist m., 2 saw m., 1 cloili dressing works, and a number of dwellings. The stage road from Cleveland to Pittsburg passes through it. The t. has 1 store, cap. $1,000; 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 8 sch. 457 scholars. Pop. 1,342. Newburg, t., Geauga co., O. It has 1 tanne- ry, 3 grist m., 5 saw m., 11 sch. 474 scholars. Pop. 1,209. Newburg, t., Miami co., O. It has 7 stores, cap. $38,000 ; 2 distilleries, 4 flouring m., 5 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $41,000. Pop. 1,302. Newburg, p-v., Jefferson co., Ky., 63 w. Frankfort, 605 W. It contains 1 church and about 80 inhabitants. Newburg, pv., Warrick co., la., 183 s. s. w. Indianapolis, 717 W. Situated on the n. bank of the Ohio r. Newburg, p-v., Franklin co., Ala., 121 n. by w. Tuscaloosa, 786 W. Newburgii, p-v., Pittsylvania co., Va., 138 w a. w. Richmond, 225 W. NEW 447 NEW Newburgh, p-v., Pike co., 111., 65 w. Spring- field, 845 W. New Burlington, p-v., Clinton co., O., 69 s. W. Columbus, 453 W. New Burlington, p-v., Delaware co., la., 66 N. E. Indianapolis, 536 W. Newbury, p-t., Merrimao co., N. H., 30 w. N. w. Concord, 477 W. Sunapee lake lies on its n. w. border. The surface is mountainous and rough ; soil, hard. Drained by a branch of War- ner r., flowing from a pond. Incorporated in 1778, by the name of Fishersfield ; received its present name in 1837. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000; 1 tannery, 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. .$1,600. G sch. 216 scholars. Pop. 816. Newbury, p-t., Orange co., Vt., 36 s. e. Mont- pelier, 518 W. Situated on the w. side of Con- necticut r., opposite to Haverhill, N. H. Char- tered in 1763. It contains fine alluvial land on the r., and particularly a tract of 450 acres in- cluded withm the Great 0,\bow, a remarkable curve in the r. Watered by Weils r. in its n. part, which affords good wafer power, near the mouth of which is a v. with considerable manu- factures. Just below tliis a bridge crosses Con- necticut r., and another in the lower part of the t. leading to Haverhill Corners. There is a v. be- tween these bridges, near the Great Oxbow, which contains a Congregational church, several stores, and a number of handsome dwellings. Connecticut r. is beatable to the mouth of Wells r. It has 7 stores, cap. $32,000 ; 3 fulling m., 1 paper fac, 1 printing office, 1 bindery, 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $37,400 ; 1 acad. 389 students, 21 sch. 865 scholars. Pop. 2,578. Newbury, t., Essex co., Mass., 31 n. by e. Boston, 17 N. Salem. Situated on the s. side of jVIerriraac r., opposite to Salisbury, N. H. The soil is fertile, and well cultivated. Watered by Parker r., which has a fall of nearly 50 feet, affording good water power, and by Artichoke r. Plum island on the Atlantic shore is partly in this t., and is about 9 ms. long and 1 broad. Dummer Academy, founded in 1756, is in the parish of Byfield, and is richly endowed. The most compact part joins Newburyport, and con- tains about 1,100 inhabitants. In the t. are 4 churches. It has 15 stores, 1 fulling m., 3 tanne- ries, 5 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufactures ,$236,640. 4 acad. 115 students, 14 sch. 757 scho- lars. Pop. 3,789. Newbury, t., York co.. Pa., 12 n. York. The surface is undulating ; soil, calcareous loam and gravel. Conewago cr. forms the s. boundary, and Stony run and Beaver cr. the w. Fishing cr. flows througii llie n. e. corner. It has 3 villages. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. ,$21,900 ; 2 tan- neries, 7 distilleries, 3 potteries, 2 flouring m., 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $26,400. 13 sch. 400 scholars. Pop. 1,850. Newbury, t.. La Grange co., la. It has 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,800. 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 145. Newburyport, p-t., port of entry and one of the 3 capitals of Essex co., Mass., 38 n. by e. Boston, 478 W. It is beautifully situated on a gentle acclivity, on the s. bank of the Merrimac r., at its entrance into the Atlantic. It contains a territory of 1 m. square of excellent land. The streets are wide, intersecting each other at right angles, and it lias a brick court liouse, a stone jail, a custom house of rough granite, with a fine wrought Grecian Doric portico and pilasters on the sides, which cost $25,000; 8 churche.s — 2 Presbyterian, 1 Congregational, 1 Independent, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — an acade- my, 3 banks, with a cap. of $700,000 ; besides a bank for savings, 3 insurance companies, an almshouse, a lyceum, and numerous vessels em- ployed in the cod, mackerel, and whale fisheries, in wiiich 1,000 persons are employed. The har- bor is safe and spacious, but difficult of entrance. Pop. in 1830, 6,3SS; 1810, 7,161. A fire hi 1811 con.sumed 250 buildings, mo.^tly dwellings and stores, with 1 church, — covering 16? acres of the most valuable part of ihe ])lace with ruins. Mr. Whitefield, the celebrate'? preacrier, died here, Sept. 30, 1770. A monument in one of the churches, where his remains repose, records, that "in a ministry of 31 years, he crossed the Atlantic 13 times, and preached more than 18,000 sermons." It has 12 commercial and 3 commis- sion houses, cap. $7S1,000 ; 116 stores, cap. $225,200 ; 4 lumber yards, cap. $35,000 ; 4 cot- ton fac. 17,736 sp., 2 distilleries, 3 printing offices, 1 daily, 1 weekly, and 1 semi-weekly newspa- pers. Cap. in manufac. $647,800. 15 acad. 699 students, 39 sch. 1,332 scholars. Tonnage 23,965. Newby's Bridge, p-o., Perquimans co., N. C, 199 e. by N. Raleigh, 291 W. Newby's Cross Roads, p-o., Rappahannock CO., Va., 113 N. N. w. Richmond, 75 W. New C.vnaan, p-t., Fairfield co., Ct., 74 s. w. Hartford, 273 W. Tiie surface is mountainous and rough; soil, gravelly loam, but generally productive. Incorporated in 1801. It has exten- sive manufactures of shoes and leather. The v. is on elevated ground, overlooking Long Island sound, and contains 1 Congregational and 1 Epis- copal church, and a respectable academy. Half a mile s. is a ^lelhodist church. Some interest- ing aboriginal remains have been found in the vicinity. It has 8 stores, cap. $39,700 ; 2 lulling m., 3 tanneries, 2 grist m , 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $81,700. 2 acad. 63 students, 9 sch. 561 scholars. Pop. 2,217. New Canandaigua, p-o., Calhoun co., Mich. New Canton, p-v., Buckingham co., Va., 64 w. Richmond, 133 W. Situated on an elevated bank of Slate cr., one fourth of a mile from James r., of which it commands a beautiful view. It contains 1 Free church, 3 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 tannery, and 36 dwellings. Four miles w. are the Virginia mills, where large quantities of flour are manufactured. Excepting on the r., the country around is sterile. New Canton, p-v., Hawkins co., Tenn., 264 e. by N. Nashville, 418 W. New Carthage, p-v., Madison parish. La., 284 N. w. New Orleans, 1,075 W. New Carlisle, p-v.. Bethel t., Clark co., O., 102 w. Columbus, 496 W. It contains 3 churches, 8 stores, 75 dwellings, and about 475 inhabitants. New Carlisle, p-v., St. Josephs co., la., 166 N. Indianapolis, 652 W. New Castine, p-v., Butler t., Darke co., O., 102 w. Columbus, 496 W. New Castle, county, Del. Situated in the N. part of the state, and contains 456 sq. ms. The surface toward the Delaware r., which bounds it on the E., is low and marshy. Toward the vv. and N., it is moderately hilly. The soil is fertile. Drained by Naamans, Brandywine, Red Clay, Christiana, St. George's, Appoquinnimink, Black- bird, and Duck creeks. The last runs on its s. border. The railroad from Philadelphia to Bal- timore passes through it. Another railroad from New Castle, on the Delaware, extends to French- town on the Chesapeake. A ship canal connects the Delaware with the Chesapeake, about 135- ms. Ion?, 66 feet wide at top, and 10 feet deep, which "cost $2,750,000. Capital, New Castle. There were in 1840, neat cattle 17,450, sheep 7,471, swine 14,094; wheat 191,724 bush, pro- NEW 449 NEW duced, rye 3,157, Ind. corn 599,707, buckwheat 7,528, oats 564,015, potatoes 81,166, barley 5,260; 150 stores, cap. $507,550 ; 13 lumber yards, cap. $72,780 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 1 cotton fac. 24,492 .sp., 4 tanneries, 3 breweries, 27 pow- der m., 2 potteries, I paper fac, 3 printing oflices, 3 weekly and 3 semi-weekly newspapers, 27 flouring m., 30 grist m., 29 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $1,334,760. 1 college 23 students, 12 acad. 479 students, 60 sch. 2,618 scholars. Pop. 33,120. New Castle, p-t., Lincoln co., Me., 35 s. e. Augusta, 603 W. Situated between Damarisrot- ta and Sheepscot rivers. Incorporated in 1735. It contains a Congregational church and the Lin- coln Academy. Uamariscotta r. is navigable for large vessels 15 ms. from the ocean to Uamaris- cotta bridge, where is a v. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $10,000; 2 commercial houses, cap. $220,000; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanne- ries, 2 (louring m., 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,600. 1 acad. 70 students, 10 sch. 662 scholars. Pop. 1,712. New Castle, p-t., Westcliester co., N. Y., 128 s. Albany, 270 \V. The surface is hilly; soil, gravel, clay, and sandy loam. Drained by Cro- ton and Sawmill rivers. It has 4 sch. 105 scho- lars. Pop. 1,529. New Castle, t., Rockingham co., N. H. It consists of an island in Portsmouth harbor, con- taining 458 acres. The surface is rough and rocky, but the soil, where it is accessible, is fer- tile. Incorporated in 1693. It is connected with Portsmouth by a iiandsome bridge, and on the n. E. point are a light-house and Fort Constitution. It contains an ancient Congregational church. It has 1 grist m., 2 sch. 125 scholars. Pop. 742. New Castle, p-b., Neshannock t., Mercer co.. Pa., 234 w. N. w. Ifarrisburg, 275 W. Situated at the confluence of Shenango and Neshannock creeks. Incorporated in 1825. It contains 4 churches, 1 female seminary ; 12 stores, cap. $41,933; 1 flouring m., 13 saw m., 1 rolling m., 1 nail fac, 2 tanneries, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, and about 100 dwellings. It is con- nected witli the Peimsylvania and Ohio canal by the Erie extension canal, which passes by it. Iron ore is found in the vicinity. Cap. in manufac. $11,285. 1 acad. 50 students, 3 sch. 120 scholars. Pop. 611. New Castle, p-v., capital of New Castle co,, Del., 5 s. s. w. Wilmington, 42 n. Dover, 115 W. Situated on the w. bank of Delaware r., 32 s. w. Philadelphia. It contains a court house, jail, town house, market house, arsenal, 5 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 2 Methodist, one of whicli is colored, and 1 Roman Catholic — a public library of 4.000 vols., 10 stores, 195 dwell- ing, and 1,200 inhabitants. The New Castle and Frenchtown railroad have a large establishment here for the manul'ucture of steam engines, loco- motives, and other things connected with rail- roads, including an iron and brass foundry, &c., with a capital of $110,000. There are in the h. 1 acad. 13 students, 8 sch. 354 scholars. Pop. 2,737. Tonnage in 1840, 3,661. New Castle, p-v., Bottetourt co., Va., 192 w. by s. Richmond, 232 W. Situated in the fork of Craig's cr. It contains 1 Methodist church, an academy, 3 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 powder and oil ra., 1 carding machine, 20 dwelUngs, and about 110 inhabitants. New Castle, p-v., Wilkes co., N. C, 157 w. by N. Raleigh, 364 W. New Castle, p-v., Fayette co., Tenn., 174 w. s. w. Nashville, 859 W. New Castle, p-v., capital of Henry CO., Ky., 25 N. w. Frankfort, 567 VV. New Castle, p-t., Coshocton co., O., 71 e. x E. Columbus, 360 W. It has 6 stores, cap $16,300 ; 2 tanneries, 1 grist ra. Cap. in manufac $700. New Castle, p-v., and capital of Henrj' co., la., 47 e. by n. Indianapolis, 534 W. Situated on Blue r., and contains a court house, jail, an academy, a public library, 3 stores, and about 40 dwellings. 10 sch. 359 scholars. Pop. 528. New Chester, p-v., Strabane t., Adams co.. Pa., 31 s. vv. Harrisburg. It contains 1 store, and about 30 dwellings. New Chukch, p-o., Accomac co., Va., 219 e. by N. Richmond, 176 W. New CoLU,MBiA,p-v., LTnion co., Pa., 72 n. Har- risburg, 182 W. Situated on the w. bank of the w. branch of the Susquehainia r. It contains 2 stores, and about 35 dwellings. New Comerstow.v, p-v., Oxford t., Tuscara- was CO., O., 93 E. N. E. Columbus, 324 W. It is situated on the n. bank of Tuscarawas r., and on the Ohio and Erie canal. Newcomb, t., Essex co., N. Y., 32 s. w. Eliza- beth, 92 N. by w. Albany. The surface is moun- tainous, embracing some of the high peaks of the Adirondack mountains. It contains several beau- tiful lakes, from wliich flow the head waters of the Hudson, some of which have fine falls. The whole scenery is wild, romantic, and grand. The mountains abound with iron ore of the best qual- ity. It has 2 forges, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. ii. manufac. $600. 1 sch. 16 scholars. Pop. 74. New Concord, p-o., Chatham t., Columbia co. N. Y., 21 s. Albany, 359 W. New Concord, p-v., Union t., 3Iuskingum co. O., 68 e. Columbus, 325 W. It contains an acad- emy, 3 stores, about 50 dwellings, and 300 inhab- itants. In- the vicinity are 3 churches, a fidling m. and carding machine, and a grist m. New Concord, p-o, Callaway, Ky. New Cumberland, p-b., Allen t., Cumberland CO., Pa., 4 s. w. Harrisburg, 111 W. Situated on Susquehanna r., at the confluence of Yellow Breeches cr. Incorporated in 1831, and contains 2 stores, cap. $10,000; 3 lumber yards, cap. .$20,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 printing oflice, 1 w^eekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $2,670. Pop. 284 New Cumberland, p-v., Warren t., Tusca- rawas CO., O., 123 E. N. E. Columbus, 309 W. Situated on the Ohio canal, and on the E. bank of Conoten cr., and contains 3 stores, 20 dwellings, and about 125 inhabitants. New Derrv, p-v., Westmoreland co., Va. New Duriia.m, pt., Strafl!brd co., N. H., 33 n. E. Concord, 514 W. The surface is uneven and rough; soil, moist, and well adapted to grazing. It has several ponds, the largest ol which, 10 ms. in circumference, has an outlet that flows into Merrymccting bay, in Winnipiseogee lake. In- corporated in 1762. There are in the t. 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 1 tannery, 5 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,100. 14 sch. Pop. 1,032. New DtiRHA.M, v., Bergen co., N. .1. It con- tains an academy, 2 .stores, and 25 dwellings. New Echota, p-v., Cass co., Ga., 166 n. w. Milledgeville, 623 W. Situated on the s. side of Oostanaula r., immediately below the junction of the Coosawatlee and Conasauga rivers. New Egypt, p-v.. Upper Freehold t., Mon- mouth CO., N. J., 18 s. E. Trenton, 179 W. Situa- ted on Crosswick's cr. It contains a Methodist church in the vicinity, 3 stores, and valuable grist and saw m. New England Village, p-v., Worcester t., Worcester co., Mass., 38 w. Boston, 404 W. New Fairfield, p-t., Fairfield co., Ct., 74 s w. Hartford, 298 W. It has 4 stores, cap. $6,800 NEW 449 NEW 1 tahnery, 2 grist m., 4 saw la. Cap. in manufac. $6,300. 6 sch. 164 scholars. Pop. 956. New Fane, t., capital ol' Windham eo., Vt., 12 N. w. Brattleboro, 100 s. Montpelier. The sur- face is uneven ; soil, fertile. Chartered in 1772. Watered by West r. and its branches, which afford water power. The v., at the centre, con- tains a court house, jail, a Congregational church, and an academy. The situation is elevated, and commands one of the most extensive and pictur- esque prospects in the state, embracing a part at least of 50 towns in Vt., N. H., and Mass. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. $15,000; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 12 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $4,550. 11 sch. 434 scholars. Pop. 1,403. New Fane, p-t., Niagara co., N. Y., 279 w. by N. Albany, 416 W. The surface ^nlly inclines toward Lake Ontario, which bounds it on the .n. ; soil, sandy and argillaceous loam. Drained by Eighteen Mill cr. It has 5 .stores, cap. §10,800: 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 1 grist ra., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $27,500, 13 sch. 549 scholars. Pop. 2,372. Newfield, p-t., York co.. Me., 80 s. w. by w. Augusta, 531 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain and to grazing. Incorporated in 1794. Drained by Little Ossipee r. It has 1 furnace, 4 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,542. 566 scholars in schools. Pop. 1,351. Newfield, p-t., Tompkins co., N. Y., 283 w. Albany, 410 W. The surface is hilly, and in the centre broken ; soil, a fertile, gravelly loam. Drained by Cayuta cr., and the inlet of Cayuga lake. The v. contains 1 Presbyterian church, 3 store.s. 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 clothier's works, 50 dwelhngs, and about 300 inhabitants. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. $12,600 ; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 26 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $52,450. 27 sch. 1,088 scholars. Pop. 3,567. Newfound Lake, Grafton co., N. 11., is 6 ms. long and 2i broad — lies in Hebron, Alexandria, Bridgevvater, and Bristol, and in the latter t. has its outlet, which flows mto the Pemigewasset r. Newfoundland, p-o., Morris co., N. J., 93 n. Trenton, 259 W. Here is a Presbyterian church. New Frankfort, p-v., Scott co., la., 81 s. by E. Indianapolis, 585 W. New Franklin, p-v., Paris t.. Stark co., O., 140 N. E. Columbus, 298 W. It contains 2 stores, 25 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. It is on the line of the Sandy and Beaver canal. New Franklin, p-v., Carroll co., la., 75 n. n. w. Indianapolis, 637 W. New Garden, p-t., Chester co., Pa., 32 s. w. Philadelphia, 74 e. s. e. Harrisburg, 104 W. The surface is level ; soil, calcareous loam. Drained by Red Clay and White ('lay creeks. In the centre is a church. It has 5 stores, cap. $13,000 ; 2 cotton fac. 3,466 sp., 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 2 saw m. t:ap. in manufac. $48,050. G sch. 150 scholars. Pop. 1,411. Ntew Garden, p-o., Russell co., Va. New GarOen, p-v., Guilford co., N. C, 98 w, N. w. Raleigh, 319 W. New Garden, p-v., Hanover t., Columbiana CO., O., 159 N. E. by e. Columbus, 288 W. New Garden, p-t., Wayne co., la., 78 e. In- dianapolis, 507 W. Pop. 1,890. New Geneva, p-v., Springfield t., Fayette co., Pa., 196 w. by s. Harrisburg, 212 W. Situated on Monongahela r., at the junction of George cr. It contains 1 church, 4 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 65 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants. New Ger.mantovvn, p-v., Tewkesbury t., Hun- terdon CO., N. J., 44 N. by w. Trenton, 219 W, It contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Luther- an, and 1 Methodist — an academy, 3 stores, about 40 dwellings, and 250 inhabitants. New Germantown, p-v., Toboyne t.. Perry CO., Pa., 46 w. Harrisburg, 134 W. It contains 2 German churches, 2 stores, 25 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. New Gilead, p-v.. Moose co., N. C, 101 s. w, Raleigh, 3J8 W. New Glasgow, p-v., Amherst co., Va., 119 w. Richmond, 171 W. It has an elevated situation, an(^ contains 1 free church, an academy, 4 stores, 1 tannery, and about 25 dwellings. New Glocester, p-t., Cumberland co.. Me., 41 s. w. Augusta, 567 W. Watered by Royal's r, which affords water power. The soil is fer- tile, particularly on the streams, where are ex- tensive intervales. It contains 5 stores, capital $4,800 ; 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,825. 12 sch. 729 scholars. Pop. 1,946, New Grayson, p-o., Grayson co., Va., 260 w. s. w. Richmond, 345 W. New Guilford, p-v.. Perry t, Coshocton co., O., 67 N. e. Columbus, 356 W. New Hackensack, p-o., Fishkill t., Dutchess CO., N. Y., 79 s. Albany, 306 W. New Hagerstown, p-v.. Orange t., Carroll CO., O., 114 E. N. E. Columbus, 300 W. It con- tains 1 church, 3 stores, 1 warehouse, 40 dwell- ings, and about 250 inhabitants. New Hamburg, p-v., Poughkeepsie t., Dutch- ess CO., N. Y. Situated on Hudson r., near the mouth of Wappinger's cr. A ferry here crosses to Hamptoi>. NEW HAMPSHIRE. New Hampshire, one of the northern United States, is bounded N. by Lower Canada ; e. by Maine ; s. E. by the Atlantic, and s. by Massachusetts ; and w. by Vermont, from which it is sep- arated by the western bank of Connecticut r. It is between 42° 41' and 45° 11' n. lat., and 70° 40' and 72° 28' w. Ion. It is 160 miles long, and from 19 to 90 broad, containing 9,280 square miles, or 5,939,200 acres. The population, in 1790, was 141,885; in 1800, 133,853; in 1810,214,460; in 1820, 244,161 ; in 1830, 269,328 ; in 1840, 284,574. Of these, 139,004 are free white males ; 145,032 do. females ; 248 free colored males ; 290 do. females. Engaged in agriculture, 77,949 ; in com- merce, 1,379 ; in manufactures and trades, 17,826 ; navigating the ocean, 455 ; do. lakes and rivers, 198 ; learned professions, 1,640. Concord is the seat of government, situated on the Merrimac r., 63 m.s. n. n. w. from Boston, with which it has a boatable communication, by means of the river and the Middlesex canal. The state is divided into 10 counties, which, with their population and capitals, are as follows ' Rockingham, 45,771, Portsmouth and Exeter; Merrimac, 36,253, Concord; Hillsborough, 42,494, Amherst ; Cheshire, 26,429, Keene ; Sullivan, 20,340, Newport ; Stbafforb, 23,16©, 57 NEW 450 NEW Dover and Rochester ; Belknap, 17,983, Guilford; Carkoll, 19,973, Ossipee ; Grafton, 42,311, Haverhill and Plymouth ; Coos, 9,849, Lancaster. These contain about 323 townships. New Ilampsliire has only 18 ms. of seacoast, and the shore is generally a sandy beach, bordered in front by salt marshes, and penetrated by creeks and coves, suitable for harbors for small craft There are only two bluffs on the coast, (ireat and Little Boar's Heads, both in the town of Hamp- ton. Portsmouth, at the entrance of the Piscataqua, is the only harbor for ships, and it is one of the best in the United States. The land, for the distance of 20 or 30 miles from the sea, is either level or moderately uneven. Beyond that, more elevated hills are found ; and toward the north- ern part, the country may be considered mountauious, having many elevated summits, some of which are the highest in the United States east of the Rocky mountains. The principal chain commences between the Connecticut and Merrimac rivers, and passes n. of the sources of the Mcrrimac. This may be considered as a continuation of the great Alleghany range. The highest summits are Grand 3Ionadnock, toward the s. w. part of the state, 3,254 feet above the level of the sea; Sunapee mountain, near Sunapce lake; and further n., Moosehillock, 4,636 feet high; and still further n., the White mountains tower in majestic grandeur to the height of 6,428 feet, the most elevated summit behig denominated Mount Washington. The Notch, in the W^hite moun- tains, is a great curiosity, being in some place.s not more than 22 feet wide, with lofty precipices on both sides, affording some of the wildest and grandest scenery in nature. A road passes through this Notch, being the only place in which it can be passed. Through this road the produce in the N. part of New Hampshire, and the n. e. part of Vermont, finds a market at Portland ; and so im- portant is this communication considered by Maine, that its legislature has sometimes made grants for its improvement. One of the head branches of the Saco r. flows through the Notch. New Hampshire may be considered as a fertile state, particularly on the margins of the rivers, and especially of the Connecticut. The elevated parts afford a fine grazing country, and the val- leys are productive. Tlie principal productions are grass, wheat, rye, Indian corn ; and beef, pork, mutton, and butler and cheese, are produced in great quantities. According to the census of 1840, there were in New Hampshire 43,892 horses and mules ; 275,562 neat cattle ; 617,390 sheep ; 121,671 swine. Value of poultry produced, $107,092. There were produced 422,124 bushels of wheat; 121,89'J of barley ; 1,296,114 of oats ; 308,148 of rye ; 105,103 of buckwheat; 1,162,572 of Indian corn; 1,260,517 pounds of wool; 243,425 pounds of hops; 6,206,606 bushels of potatoes; 496,107 tons of hay ; 26^ o/hemp and llax ; 1,162,363 pounds of sugar. The products of the dairy were $1,633,543; of the orchard, $239,973; of lumber, $433,217. The Merrimac river is made navigable by dams, locks, and canals, from Concord until it meets the Middlesex canal. By this route much of the produce of the southern part of the state finds a market at Boston. In the western part of the state, much of it goes down Connecticut river to Hartford. In the upper counties the market is extensively at Portland, Me. Portsmouth is the most commercial place in the state. The principal articles of export are lumber, fish, beef, pork, horsos, neat cattle, sheep, flax seed, and pot and pearl ashes. The climate of New Hampshire is subject to great extremes of heat and cold, but the air is gen- erally salubrious. In the month of November the rivers are generally frozen, and the snow usually lies until April, and in the northern and mountainous parts until May. The largest rivers in this state are the Connecticut, made boatable to the 15 mile falls, at Bath, N. H., 250 ms. above Hartford, Ct. ; the Merrimac, boatable to Concord. The Saco, the Andros- coggin, and the Piscataqua, rise and run, in part, in this state. The other rivers are the Upper and Lower Ammonoosuc, Sugar, Ashuelot, Contoocook, Maragallaway, and Nashua. By means of the Piscataqua, a sloop navigation is opened to Newmarket, Durham, and Exeter. The lakes are numerous and picturesque. Lake Winnipiseogee, near the centre of the state, 23 miles long, and from 2 to 10 broad ; Umbagog, which lies partly in Maine ; Ossipee, Sunapee, Squam, and Newfound, are the principal. The harbor of Portsmouth is one of the finest in the world, protected from storms, has 40 feet of water at low tide, is easily defended, and easily accessible for the largest ships. This is the great- est commercial place in the state. The other principal towns are Dover, Concord, Nashua, Keene, Exeter, Manchester, Peterborough, Walpole, Claremont, Gilmanton, Meredith, Hanover, and Haverhill. The exports for the year ending September, 1840, amounted to $20,761 ; and the imports to $114,647. There were 18 commercial and 6 commission houses engaged in foreign trade, with a capital of $1,330,600; 1,075 retail drygoods and other stores, employing a capital of $2,602,422; 117 persons engaged in internal transportation, who, with 38 butchers, packers, &c., employed a capital of $54,120; 626 persons employed in the lumber trade, with a capital of $29,000; 399 per- sons employed in the fisheries, with a capital of $59,680. There were in 1810, home-made, or family goods, manufactured to the amount of $538,303. There were 66 woollen manufactories, and 152 fulling mills, employing 893 persons, producing goods to the amount of $795,784, with a capital of $740,345 ; 58 cotton manufactories, witli 195,173 N EW 451 NEW epindles, employing 6,991 persons, producing goods to the value of $4,142,301, and employing a capital of $5,523,'20O ; 15 furnaces produced 1,320 tons of cast iron, and 2 forges 125 tons of bar iron, together employing 121 persons, and a capital of $98,200 ; 1 smelting house, employing 2 persons, produced 1,000 pounds of lead ; 13 paper manufactories produced articles to the amount of §150,600, and other paper manufactories to the amount of $1,500, the whole employing 111 persons, with a capital of $104,300; hats and caps were manufactured to the amount of $190,526, and straw bon- nets to the amount of $9,379, together employing 2,048 persons, and a capital of $48,852; 17 per- sons manufactured tobacco to the amount of $10,500, with a capital of $2,100; 251 tanneries em- ployed 776 persons, and a capital of $386,402 ; 2,131 other manufactories of leather, as saddleries, &c., produced articles to the value of $712,151, and employed a cnpital of $230,649 ; 5 distilleries produced 51,244 gallons, 1 brewery 3,000 do., together employing 7 persons, and a capital of $15,998 ; 3 glass houses employed 85 persons, producing to the amount of $47,000, with a capital of $44,000 ; 14 potteries employed 29 persons, producing $19,100, with a capital of $6,840 ; 20 persons manu- factured soap to I he amount of 10,900 pounds, and tallow candles to the amount of 2S,845 pounds and spermaceti or wax candles to the amount of 50,000 pounds, with a capital of $13,550 ; 191 per sons produced machinery to the value of $106,814; 47 persons produced musical instruments tc the amount of $26,750, with a capital of $14,050; 197 persons manufactured hardware and cutlery to the amount of $124,460 ; 55 persons manufactured granite and marble to the amount of $21,918 ; 236 persons manufactured bricks and lime to the amount of $63,166 ; 450 persons produced car- riages and wagons to the amount of $232,240, employing a capital of $114,762; 7 powder mills employing 11 persons, produced 185,000 pounds of gunpowder, with a capital of $58,000; mills of various kinds employed 1,296 persons, and produced articles to the value of $758,260, with a capi- tal of $1,149,193 ; ships were built to the amount of $78,000; the manufacture of furniture em- ployed 233 persons, producing articles worth $105,827, and employing a capital of $59,984. There were built 90 brick and 434 wood houses, employing 935 persons, valued at $470,715. There •were 36 printing offices, 22 binderies, 27 weekly newspapers, 6 periodicals, the whole employing 256 persons, and a capital of $110,850. The whole amount of capital employed in manufactures was $9,252,448. The principal literary institution in the state is Dartmouth College, in Hanover, founded in 1770 and has attached to it a flourishing medical department. The Gilmanton Theological Seminary, at Gilmanton, was founded in 1835. In these institutions there were in 1840, 433 students. There are in the state 68 academies, with 5,799 students ; and 2,127 common and primary schools, with 82,632 scholars. In the state there were 942 white persons, over 20 years of age, who could nei tlier read nor write. The principal religious denominations are the Congregationalists, Baptists, and Methodists. In 1836, the Congregationalists had 159 churches, 142 ministers, and 18,982 communicants ; the Bap- tists had 90 churches, 64 ordained ministers, and 6,505 communicants. The Free-will Baptists had 100 congregations, and 81 ministers. The Methodists had 75 ministers. Besides these, there are Presbyterians, Unitarians, Universalists, Episcopalians, some Roman Catholics, and 2 societies of Shakers. In June, 1839, there were in the state 28 banks, with an aggregate capital of $2,939,508, having a circulation of $1,439,519. This is one of the few states that has no public debt. There is a state prison at Concord. A constitution was formed in 1784, and in 1792 this constitution was altered and amended to its present form. The legislature, consisting of a senate and house of representatives, is styled the General Court of New Hampshire. Every town, or incorporated township, having 150 ratable polls, may send one representative ; and for every 300 additional polls is entitled to an additional representative. The senate consists of 12 members, chosen by the people in districts. The exec- utive power is vested in a governor and a council of five members. The governor, council, sena- tors, and representatives, are all elected annually by the people on the second Tuesday in March, and their term of service commences on the first Wednesday in June. The General Court meets annually, at Concord, on the first Wednesday in June. Every male inhabitant, of 21 years of age, enjoys the right of sufTrage, excepting paupers, and persons excused from paying taxes at their own request. The judiciary power is vested in a supreme court and a court of common pleas. The ■udges are appointed by the governor and council, and hold their offices during good behavior, but not beyond the age of 70 years. The internal improvements of this state relate chiefly to the improvement of the Merrimac river, by dams, locks, and short canals. They are — Bow falls, 3 miles below Concord, i of a mile long; Hookset falls, one eighth of a mile ; Amoskeag falls, 1 mile ; Union falls, 9 miles ; and Sewell's falls, i of a mile. The Eastern railroad extends from Massachusetts line to Portsmouth, 15 f miles ; the Nashua and Lowel railroad, from Nashua, N. IL, to Lowell, Mass., incorporated in 1836. The Boston and Maine railroad extends from Massachusetts line to Exeter, 14 miles. New Hampshire was first granted to Ferdinando Gorges, in 1622, and was first settled at Dover NEW 452 NEW and Portsmouth in 1623. It came voluntarily under the jurisdiction of Massachusetts in 1641, but was made a separate province, by an act of Charles II., in 1679. It was several times afterwards connected with Mas.sachusetts, until 1741, since which time it has remained a separate state. New Hampton, p-t., Belknap co., N. H., 29 n. w. Concord, 510 VV. Pemigewasset r. washes its w. boundary, and across it is a bridge to Bristol. The surface is uneven and broken ; soil, very fertile. Incorporated in 1777. It contains a nour- ishing academy. It has 4 stores, cap. isiS,2U0 ; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 5 cotton fac. 22,699 sp., 4 tanneries, 3 grist m., 5 saw m., I acad. 363 stu- dents, 16 sch. 717 scholars. Pop. 1,809. New Hampton, p-v., Lebanon t., Hunterdon CO., N. J., 47 N. Trenton, 204 W. Situated on tlie s. side of Musconetcong cr. It contains 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., and about 25 dwell- ings. New Hanovkr, county, N. C. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, bounded s. e. by the Atlantic, and contains 995 sq. ms. Drained by the N. E. branch of Cape Fear r. and its tributa- ries. A large swamp lies in its E. part. Along the Atlantic shore are long, low, and narrow isl- ands, with occasional inlets, t^apital, Wilming- ton. There were in 1840, neat caitle 11,605, sheep 4,789, swine 24,859 ; wheat 469 bush, pro- duced, Ind. corn 200,423, buckwheat 18, potatoes 114,014, rice 1,467,600 pounds, cotton 2,'<,566 ; 2 commercial and 11 commission houses, capital $100,000; 58 stores, cap. ,*322,140; 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 49 grist m., 22 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 printing oflices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $305,535. 6 acad. 216 students, 10 sch. 223 scholars. Pop. whites 6,371, slaves 6,376, free col'd 565 ; total, 13,312. New Hanover, p-t., ."Montgomery co., Pa., 74 E. Harrisburg, 150 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam and red shale, tolerably productive. Drained by Swamp creek, on whicli is a small v., with 2 churches. The population is chiefly German. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 2 tanneries, 1 pottery, 4 grist m., 5 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufactures $6,575. Pop. 1,419. New Harmony, p-v., Monroe co., Ky., 143 s. s. w. Frankfort, 656 W. New Harmony, p-v., Posey co., la., 172 s. w. Indianapolis, 742 W. It was foimded in 1814 by a society of Germans, from Swabia, called " Harmonists," who removed from Butler co.. Pa., under George Kapp. Their society was founded on a community of goods ; but the climate proving unfavorable, they returned to Pa., and settled at Economy, Ohio t., Beaver co., 18 miles below Pittsburgh, on the Ohio r. (See Economy.) New IIarrishurg, p-v., Carroll co., O., 13D E. N. E. Columbu.s, 301 W. New Hartford, p-t., Litchfield co., Ct., 20 w. by N. Hartford, 344 W. The surface is hilly and mountainous ; .sod, a gravelly loam, or a coarse gravel, abounding with stones, adapted to grazing. Watered by Farmington r. It lias 2 villages, and contains 3 churches — 2 Congregational and 1 Baptist. The villages are on Farmington r., and each contains about 30 dwellings, and several mills and manufactories. It has 6 stores, capital $18,000; 2 furnaces, 4 fulling m., 1 woollen lac, 1 tannery, 2 paper m., 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. .'$361,350. 2 acad. 61 students, 11 sch. 424 scholars. Pop. 1,703. New Hartford, p-i., Oneida co., N. Y., 4 w. Utica, 95 w. n. w. Albany, 3S4 W. The sur- face is diversified with gently rising hills, and beautiful valleys, productive and well cultivated. The soil is a rich calcareous loam. Drained by Sadaquada or., a line mill stream. The v. i« situated on this cr., and contains 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist, and 1 Universalist — a female seminary, 6 stores, 3 cot- ton fac, 1 grist m., 1 trip-hammer works, 1 bleach- ing and dyeing establishment, 100 dwellings, and about 800 inhabitants. There are in the t. 13 stores, cap. $30,850 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 5 cotton lijc. 14,164 sp., 1 tannery, 1 paper fac, 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $361,732. 18 sch. 960 scholars. Pop. 3,819. New Hartford, p-v.. Pike co.. 111., 76 w. by s. Springfield, 856 W. New Hartford Centre, p-v.. New Hart- ford t., Litchfield co., Ct., 18 w. by n. Hartford, 341 W. It conlahis a Baptist church and several factories. New HavExN, county, Ct. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 540 sq. ms. Long Island sound bounds if on the s. llousatonic r. runs on its s. w. border, and separates it from Fairfield co. The surface is generally uneven. Two mountain ranges terminate at East Ilock and West liock, near New Haven. The soil is various, much of it a light sandy loam, but some of it strong and fertile. Drained by Naugatuck, Quinnipiac, Pomperaug, West, Mill, and Me- nunkatuck rivers. Capital, New Haven. There were in 1810, neat cattle 31,627, sheep 41,392, swuie 17,234 ; wheat 7,032 bush, produced, rye 129,391, Ind. corn 234,548, buckwheat 30,031, barley 2,731, oats 167,640, potatoes 481,941, sugar 1,261 pounds ; 6 commercial and 2 com. houses in for. trade, cap. $132,000 ; 342 stores, cap. $1,223,745 ; 14 lumberyard.s, cap. $149,000; 3 rope fac, 26 fulling in., 14 woollen fac, 4 cot- ton fac. 3,358 sp., 27 tanneries, 22 distilleries, 1 pottery, 2 (louring m., 48 grist m., 93 saw in., 3 paper fac, 9 printing offices, 5 binderies, 4 pe- riodicals, 2 daily, 5 weekly, 2 tri-weekly news- papers. Cap. in manutiic $2,545,67.1. 1 college, 561 students, 32 acad. 1,030 students, 242 sch. 9,339 scholars. Pop. 48,619. New Haven, p-t., Addison co., Vt., 60 w. Montpelier, 489 W. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil, marl, clay, and loam, and fertile. Watered by Otter creek, Middlebury r., and Little Otter cr., which afford good water power. It contains a small v. in which is a Congregational church. Chartered in 1761. It has 3 stores, cap. ,$19,000; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tan- neries, 1 pottery, 2 grist m., 2 saw in. Cap. in manufac. $19,800. 12 sch. 630 scholars. Pop. 1,503. New Haven, a city and seaport, capital of N. Haven co., and semi-capital of Connecticut, lies round the head of a bay which sets up 4 miles from Long Island sound, and is in 41'^ 18' N. lat., and 72^^ 56' w. Ion. from Greenwich, and 3'-' 5S' E. Ion. from W. It is 36 miles s. by w, from Hartford, 52 w. from New London, 76 n. e. from New York, 134 w. .s. w. from Boston, and 300 from W. The population of the city in 1810 was .5,772; in 1820, 7,147; in 1830, 10,180; in 1840, 12,960. Of these 474 were employed in commerce ; 1,653 in manufactures and trades ; 306 in navigating the ocean, rivers, ons produced machinery to the amount of $755,050 ; 219 distilleries produced 334,017 gallons, and 6 breweries produced 206,375 gallons, employing 394 persons, with a capital of $230,87|^; 123 persons produced hardware and cutlery to the amount of $83,575 ; 71 persons manufactured 2,010 small-arms ; 70 persons manufactured drugs NEW 456 NEW and paints to the amount of $127,400, and turpentine and varnisli to the amoiun of S-t3,000, with a capital of $140,800; 1,834 persons produced carriages and wagons to the amount of $l,3ii7,149, with a capital of $014,066; 64 flouring mills manufactured 168,797 barrels of flour, and with other mills employed l,2s8 persons, and a capital of $'2,611,200; 8 rope walks employed 60 persons, and produced cordage to tlie amount of $93,075, with a capital of $37,303 ; ships were built to the value of $344,210; furniture employed 517 persons, producing to the amount of $176,566, with a capital of §]30,5'25; 572 persons produced bricks and lime to the amount of $376,803 ; 203 brick and 861 wooden houses were built by 2,036 persons, at a cost of $1,092,052. The whole amount of capital employed in manufactures in the state was $11,517,532. The College of New Jersey, or Nassau Hall, was founded in 173S, and is one of the principal colleges in the country. It has educated many distinguished men, and is flourishing. Connected with it is the Princeton Theological Seminary, supported by the Pre.'^byterians, and %vhicli is their principal place of theological education. Rutgers' College, (formerly Queen's College,) in New Brunswick, was founded in 1770, and has latterly been a growing in.'^titulion. Connected with it is a theological seminary, esiabiislied by the Dutch Reformed churcli, in 1784, which is a respect- able institution. In these institutions there were in 1840, 443 students ; there were in the state 66 academies, with 3,027 students ; 1,207 primary and common schools, with 52,533 scholars ; and 6,385 persons over 20 years of age who could neither read nor write. Of the principal religious denominations, in 1835, the Presbyterians had 105 ministers ; tlie Dutch Reformed, 48 churches and 42 ministers ; the Baptists, 80 churches and about as many ministers ; the Episcopalians, 30 ministers, including 1 bishop ; the Methodists about 70 ministers, and a greater number of congregations ; the Friends, 07 meetings. Besides these, there were a few Congrega- tionalists, Roman Catholics, and Universalists. In January, 1840, this state had 26 banks, with an aggregate capital of $3,822,607, and a circula- tion of $1,414,708. The state debt amounted to $83,283. The original constitution of New Jersey was formed in 1776. The constitution now in force was formed 1S44. The government is vested in a governor, senate, and general assembly. The senate consists of 1 member from each county elected for 3 years, and the assembly are elected annually, the whole number never to exceed 60 members. The legislature meet annually on the second Tuesday in January. The governor is chosen for 3 years, and is incapable of holding that office for the next 3 years. He shall have attained the age of 30 years, and must have been 7 years a resident of the state, and 20 years a citizen of the United States. Every white male citizen of the United States of the age of 21 years, who shall have been a resident of the state 1 year, and of the county 5 months, shall be a legal voter. The judges of the supreme court, and the chancellor, are appointed by the governor, with the advice and consent of the senate, for a term of 7 years: the judges of the court of common pleas by the senate and assembly for 5 years. This state has executed some important works of internal improvement. The iMorris canal was incorporated in 1824, and completed in 1836 ; cost $3,100,000 : it commences at Jersey City, (opposite New- York,) and pursues a circuitous route to the Delaware, opposite to Easton, Pa. j length, 101 miles. The Delaware and Raritan canal commences at New-Brunswick, extends across the state to Trenton, thence down the east bank of the Delaware river to Bordentown; length, 42 miles; cost, including De.laware feeder, $2,500,000. Length of feeder, (which is navigable,) 23 miles. This canal, in connection with the navigable waters of Delaware and Raritan rivers and New-York bay, forms an inland water communication, for vessels drawing 6 feet of water, between the cities of New-York and Philadelphia. The Salem canal, 4 miles in length, extends from Salem creek to the Delaware river. The Camden and Amboy railroad was incorporated in 1829, and completed in 1837, at a cost of $1,238,000. It extends across the state to Bordentown 34 miles ; thence down the east bank of the Delaware river to Camden, opposite to Philadelphia, a further distance of 27 miles. The Trenton branch of the Camden and Amboy railroad extends from Bordentown to Trenton, a distance of 8 miles. The Jobstown branch extends from Craft's creek to Jobstown, 13 miles. The New Jersey railroad was incorporated in 1832. It extends from Jersey Cily to New-Bruns- wick, 34 miles, where it unites with the Trenton and New-Brunswick railroad, 28 miles in length. Cost of the New Jersey railroad and appendages, .$2,000,000. The Paterson railroad was incor- porated in 18.31, and completed in 1S34 ; extends from Jersey City to Paterson, 161 miles. The Morris and Essex railroad extends from Newark to Morristown, a distance of 22 m. The Eliza- bethport and Somerville railroad, 26 miles in length, extends from Elizabethport to Romerville. The Camden and Woodbury railroad extends from the one place to the other, a distance of 9 m. The first settlement of New Jersey was by the Dutch from New York, who, between 1614 and 1620, established themselves in Bergen county. In 1627 a colony of Swedes and Finns settled on the Delaware, and purchased of the Indians th#iand on both sides of the river to the falls, la NEW 457 NEW 1664, Charles II. granted New York, called by the Dutch New Netherlands, to his brother, the Duke hf York, and this grant included New Jersey ; and in 1664, the Duke granted the part now called New Jersey, jointly to Lord Berkley and Sir George Carteret, who, in 1695, established a govern- ment by agreement with the people, and appointed Philip Carteret, Esq., governor- The Dutch subdued the country in 1672, but resigned it in 1674. To obviate any difficulties about title result- ing from these tran.sactions, a new patent was issued in 1674, re-graniing the country to the Duke of York, and New Jersey was divided into West Jersey, assigned to the heirs of Lord Berkley, and East Jersey, to Sir George Carteret. In 1675 it was purchased by a company of English emigrants, "who formed the first English settlement at Salem. At length great confusion in regard to title having sprung up, wliich rendered the appointment of governors difficult, the proprietors, in 1702, surrendered the government to the crown, which was accepted by Queen Anne, and the govern- ment henceforth, instead of being proprietary, became royal, and so continued until the revolution in 1776. During the revolutionary war, several important battles were fought in this state, the in- habitants of which bore their full share of its toils, its dangers, and its sufferings. On the 19th of December, 1787, this state in convention adopted the constitution of the United States by an unan- imous vote. New Jerusalem, p-o., Bucks co.. Pa., 66 e. Harrisburg, 159 W. New Kent, county, Va. Situated toward the E. part of the state, and contains 225 sq. ms. Pa- munky r. bounds it on the n. e., and Chickahom- iny r. on the s. and s. w. Capital, New Kent C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,193, sheep 2,518, swine 9,379 ; wheat 22,131 bush, produced, Ind. corn 139,784, oats 51,207, potatoes 8,496, cot- ton 4,138; 10 stores, cap. $20,685; 1 tannery, 16 distilleries, 12 grist m., 12 sch. 287 scholars. Pop. whites 2,472, slaves 3,335, free col'd 373 ; total, 6,230. New Kent, C. H., p-v., capital of New Kent CO., Va., 30 E. Richmond, 147 W. It contains a court house, jail, 6 stores, and about 15 dwellings. It is 3 ms. s. of Pamunky r., and has a healthy situation. New Kingston, p-o., Delaware co., N. Y. Newkirk's Mills, p-o., Bleecker t., Fulton CO., N. Y., 59 N. w. Albany, 411 W. New Lancaster, p-v., Warren co.. 111., 102 n. W. Springfield, 848 W. Newland, p-o., Richland co., 111. New Lebanon, p-t., Columbia co., N. Y., 23 S. E. Albany, 363 W. The surface is hilly and mountainous, having Taghkannie mountain w., and the Peterborough hills e., and a I'ertile valley between them. It contains Neiv Lebanon Springs, and a large Shaker Settlement. It has 11 stores, cap. $3J,200 ; 3 lulling m., 5 woollen fac, 3 tan- neries, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $61,565. 1 acad. 75 students, 16 sch. 812 schol- ars. Pop. 2,536. New Lebanon Shaker Settlement, v.. New Lebanon t., Columbia co., N. Y. Situated 2 ms. s. New Lebanon Springs. It contains 1 church, 10 large dwellings, occupied by the soci- ety in common, 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 5 saw m., 1 iron foundry, 3 machine shops, 20 or 30 shops for various manufactures, and about 600 inhabitants. They have 3 extensive dairies, and nearly 3,000 acres of land, highly cultivated. Their manufactures are neat, useful, and in high esteem. New Lebanon Springs, p-v., New Lebanon t., Columbia co., N. Y., 25 s. e. Albany. Situa- ted near the Massachusetts line, and contains 1 Baptist church, 4 stores, 2 woollen fac, 25 dwell- ings, including 5 hotels and boarding houses, and about 200 inhabitants. Here are warm springs, which have a temperature of 73° of Fahrenheit, useful in rheumatisms, salt-rheums, and cutaneous affections. Two quarts of water contain muriate of lime, 1 grain ; muriate of soda, IJ; sulphate of lime, li ; carbonate of lime, ^; total, 5 grains. Of gases, nitrogen gas, 13 cubic inches ; atmos- 58 pheric air, 8 ; total, 21 cubic inches. The place and vicinity are celebrated for pure air and de- lightful scenery. The Albany and West Stock- bridge, and the Hudson and Berkshire railroads run within a few miles of the springs, connected in the summer months by a line of stages. New Lebanon, p-v., Pasquotank co., N. C, 237 E. N. E. Raleigh, 271 W. Situated on the head waters of Pasquotank r., at the s. extremity of the Dismal Swamp canal. New Leranon, p-v., Sullivan co., la., 103 s. w. by w. Indianapolis, 670 W. New Lexington, p-v., Pike t., Perry co., O., 52 E. Columbus, 351 W. Situated on the s. e. bank of Big Rush cr. It contains 2 churches, 3 stores, 30 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. New Lexington, p-v., Tuscaloosa co., Ala., 24 N. Tuscaloosa, 826 W. Situated on w. side of North r. New Liberty, p-v., capital of Owen co., Ky,, 36 N. Frankfort, 513 W. Situated about 3 ms. e. of Eagle cr. It contains a court house, several stores, and 227 inhabitants. New Light, p-o., Wake co., N. C, 25 Raleigh, 279 W. New Limerick, t, Aroostook co.. Me. It has 3 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 123. Newlin, t., Chester co.. Pa., 28 s. w. Phila- delphia. The surface is hilly ; soil, calcareous loam. Watered by the w. branch of Brandy- wine cr., which affords water pov\'er. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 brewery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac $6,050. 3 sch. 171 scholars. Pop. 728. New Lisbon, p-t., Otsego co., N. Y., 90 w. Albany, 345 W. The surface is hilly, with broad valleys on the e. and w. ; soil, sandy loam. Drained by Buttennit and Otego creeks. It has 4 stores, cap. SHj.'iOL); 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton lac. 110 sp., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,150. 14 sch. 515 scholars. Pop. 1,909. New Lisbon, p-v.. Centre t., capital of Colum- biana CO., O., 150 E. n. e. Columbus, 230 W. Situated on the n. side of the Middle fork of Lit- tle Beaver r., and on the Sandy and Beaver ca- nal. It contains a court house, jail, a bank, 6 churches, 10 stores, 3 printing offices, 300 dwell- ings, mostly of brick, and about 2,000 inhabitants. A number of the streets are paved or macadam- ized, and the side-walks are laid with brick. It has an extensive water power, and contains in the immediate vicinity, 1 furnace, 4 flouring m., 4 saw m., 1 paper m., 1 woollen fac, and 1 full- ing ra. and carding machine. New Lisbon, p-v., Henry cOt la., 55 E. In dianapohs, 526 W NEW 458 NEW New Lodge, p-o., Mercer co., Pa., 241 w. n. W. Harrisburg, 277 VV. New London, county, Ct. Situated in Ihe s. E. part of the state, and contains 600 sq. ms. The surface is hilly ; soil, fertile, adapted to grazing, and to some kinds of grain. Long Island sound bounds it on the s., on which are a number of excellent harbors. Watered by Thames r., formed by the junction of Shetucket and Vantic rivers, which afford excellent water power Quinnebaug r. is a principal branch of Shetucket r. Pawcatuck r. bounds it on the s. e., and Con- necticut r. on the s. w. Capitals, New London and Norwich. There were in 1810, neat cattle 27,441, sheep 62,395, swine 14,256 ; wheat 10,13S bush, produced, rye 37,633, Ind. corn 186,587, buckwheat 16,966, barley 21,875, oats 122,355, potatoes 394,301 ; 1 commission house in foreign trade, cap. §20,000 ; 247 stores, cap. $770,450 ; 11 lumber yards, cap. $76,500 ; cap. invested in fish- eries $1,190,000 ; 24 fulling m., 23 woollen fac, 16 cotton fac. 29,013 sp., 20 tanneries, 2 potteries, 7 rope fac, 57 grist m., 64 saw m., 3 oil m., 5 pa- per fac, 4 printing offices, 3 binderies, 3 weekly newspapers, (.'ap. in maniifac. $1,661,725. 17 acad. 747 students, 231 sch. 10,790 scholars. Pop. 44,463. New Lo.nidon, p-t., Merrimac co., N. H., 30 N. w. Concord, 484 W. Sunapee lake lies on its s. w. border. A large pond in its w. part dis- charges its waters into Sunapee lake. Two other ponds form tiie sources of Blackwater r. and Warner r. The surface is rolling, and the soil fertile. Incorporated in 1779. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,675. 1 acad. 13i students, 8 sch. 322 scholars. Pop. 1,019. New London, city, port of entry, and semi- capital of New London co., Ct. It is situated on the Thames, 3 miles from its entrance into Long Island sound, and is in 41° 24' n. lat. and 72° 30' w. Ion. from Greenwich, and 4° 0' 48" e. Ion. from W. It is 44 s. e. from Hartford, 52 e. from New Haven, 55 s. w. from Providence, and 353 from W. The population in 1810 was 3,233 ; in 18-20, 3,330; in 1830, 4,356 ; in 1810, 5,519. It is built on a declivity, which descends to the E. and s. Back of the city the ground rises to a considerable height, and from its summit presents a fine view of the harbor and the surrounding country. The ground being rough, and over- spread with granite rocks, rendered it difficult to lay it out witl\ much regularity ; and it was not attempted. It is not in general very well built ; btit there are some houses, recently erected, which arc neat and elegant. The county courts are held alternately at this city and at Norwich. It has the usual county buildings. There are 5 places of public worship — 2 congregational, 1 Episcopal, I Baptist, and 1 Methodist. 'I'here arc 3 banks, and 2 insurance offices. A daily line of steamboats connects this place with New York, which extends to Norwich, and connects with the railroad to Worcester. There are also several lines of packets. The harbor is the best in the state, and one of the best in the United States. It has a depth of 30 feet, and is spacious and safe. It is defended by two forts. Fort Trumbull is situated on a projecting point, about a mile below the city, and is generally garrisoned by soldiers of the V. Stales army. The other fortification is Fort Griswold, on an eminence on the opposite side of the river, in Grolon. There is a light-house on a projecting point of land which divides the harbor from Long Island sound, 3 miles below the city. The harbor is rarely obstructed at all by ice. New London has not an extensive back country, the trade of which naturally flows to it ; but it serves in some measure as a port to Connecticut river, which is not generally navigable to vessels of the largest class, nor at all, a portion of the year. The foreign trade of New London is chiefly with the West Indies, and its coasting trade with the Southern States. The fisheries, and particularly the whale fishery, have exten- sively engaged the attention and employed the capital and enterprise of its inhabitants. About $1,000,000 is devoted to the prosecution of this business. The tonnage of the port in 1840, was 44,822. There were in 1840, 40 retail stores, cap. .$220,000 ; 3 lumber yards, cap. $30,000 ; capital employed in the fisheries, §830,0(K) ; machinery produced,$20,000; hardware and cutlery .$61,000; 1 tannery, capital, $3,000 ; 3 rope walks, capital $10,000 ; 1 printing office, 1 bindery, 1 weekly paper. Total cap. in manufac. ,$91,300. 4 acad. 131 students, 14 sch. 787 scholars. New London was first settled in 1646. The township is the smallest in the state, being only four miles in length, with an average breadth of three fourths of a mile. In September, 1781, a large portion of the place was burned by the British, under the traitor Benedict Arnold, and Fort Griswold, in Groton, was captured, and a large part of the garrison were put to the sword. A granite monument erected on the spot, 150 feet high, commemorates the event, and on it are in- scribed the names of those who fell. New London, p-v., Verona t., Oneida co., N. Y., 117 w. N. w. Albany, 38S W. Situated on the Erie canal, and contains 6 stores, an exten- sive boat yard, 25 dwellings, and about 200 in- habitants. New London, t., Chester co.. Pa., 36 s. w. Philadelphia. The surface is a gentle declivity : soil, sandy loam. Elk cr. flows on its w. border. Watered by Clay cr. It contains 2 churches. It has 7 stores, cap. $22,000 ; 2 woollen fac, 1 tan- nery, 1 forge, 6 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $23,030. 1 acad. 80 students, 5 sch. 131 scholars. Pop. 1,553. New London, p-v., Frederick co., Md., 70 n w. Annapolis, 52 W. New London, p-v., Campbell co., Va., 127 w. by s. Richmond, 202 W. Situated on a branch of Staunton r., and contains 1 Methodist church, an academy, and about 25 or 30 dwellings. It is one of the oldest towns in the state. The United States armory, now at Harpers Ferry, was origin- ally located here. New Londo.n, p-t., Huron co., O., 96 n. Co- lumbus, 385 W. It has 7 sch. 193 scholars. Pop. 1,218. New London, p-v., Henry co., Iowa. New London, p-v., capital of Ralls co.. Mo., 98 N. N. E. Jefferson City, 902 W. Situated on the s. side of Salt r. It contains a court house, jail, 1 acad. 38 students, 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 263. New London Cross Roads, p-v.. New Lon- don t., Chester co.. Pa., 72 s. E. Harrisburg, 95 W. It is a small v. in the n. w. corner of the t. New Lyme, p-t., Ashtabula co., O., 195 n. e. Columbus, 32J W. Organized in 1813, by the name of Lebanon ; received its present name in 1825, in remembrance of Lyme, Ct., whence many of its original inhabitants came. It has 5 sch. 236 scholars. Pop. 527. New Madi.son, p-v., Harrison t., Darke cc, O., 100 w. Columbus, 494 W. New Madrid, county, Mo. Situated in the ,s. E. part of the state, and contains 1,625 sq. ins. The surface is level, and in parts liable to be an NEW 459 NEW nually overflowed. The soil in that part which is sufficiently elevated for cultivation, is very fer- tile. Capital, New Madrid. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,655, sheep 1,043, swine 21,403 ; wheat 9,503 bush, produced, Ind. corn 461,110, oats 11,055, potatoes 9,527, cotton 1,164 pounds ; 15 stores, cap. $53,000 ; 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,900. 2 acad. 25 students, 4 sch. 99 scholars. Pop. whites 3,748, slaves 801, free col'd 5 ; total, 4,554. New Madrid, p-v., capital of New Madrid co.. Mo., 271 s. E. Jefferson City, 911 W. Situated on the N. side of the Mississippi r., at a consider- able bend in the r. The bank of the r. is some- what elevated, but has been undermined. The place was visited by earthquakes in 1811 and 1812. It contains a court house, 10 stores, and about 500 inhabitants. Pop. of t. 1,668. Newmansville, p-o., Greene co., Tenn., 268 K. Nashville, 430 W. New Marion, p-v., Ripley co., la., 73 s. E. Indianapolis, 553 W. New Market, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H., 38 s. E. Concord, 488 W. Lamprey r. runs on its N. E. boundary, and Exeter r. on its s. w. bor- der. Drained by a branch of Lamprey r. The soil is fertile. Incorporated in 1727. It has 1 Congregational and 1 Metliodist church, and a Wesleyan academy. On Lamprey r. is a v., with considerable manufacttires, to which ves- sels of from 80 to 100 tons can come. There are in the t. 30 stores, cap. $33,000 ; 3 cotton fac. 14,001) sp., 1 furnace, 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 acad. 46 students, 13 sch. 764 scholars. Pop. 2,730. New Market, p-v., Piscataway t., Middlesex CO., N. J., 36 N. E. Trenton, 203 W. Situated on the E. bank of Cedar cr., and contains a store, a grist m., and about 25 dwellings. New Market, p-v., Frederick co., Md., 67 n. w. Annapolis, 49 W. Situated on the n. branch of Bush cr. It is surrounded with a beautiful country. New Market, p-v., Shenandoah co., Va., 139 N. w. Richmond, 112 W. Situated one mile e. of the N. fork of Shenandoah r., near the s. w. border of the co. It contains 3 churches — 1 Lu- theran, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — an academy, 5 stores, 120 dwellings, and about 800 inhabit- ants. It has numerous manufactures, and 2 forges, and several mills in the vicinity. The country around abounds with iron ore. On Mas- sanutten mountain, e. of the v., is a beautiful cas- cade, where the stream, a few yards wide, de- scends in an unbroken sheet, 50 feet perpen- dicularly. New Market, p-v., Randolph co., N. C, 85 w. Raleigh, 324 W. New Market, p-v., Abbeville dist., S. C, 90 w. Columbia, 528 W. New 3Iarket, p-v., Madison co., Ala., 170 n. Tuscaloosa, 691 W. New Market, p-v., Jefferson co., Tenn., 208 E. Nashville, 476 W. Situated on the head wa- ters of Loss cr. New Market, pv., Marion co., Ky., 65 s. s. w. Frankfort, 587 W. Situated on the n. side of the Rolling Fork of Salt r. New Market, p-t.. Highland co., O., 81 s. w. Columbus, 448 W. It has 4 sch 147 scholars. Pop. 1,302. New Market, p-v., Vigo co., la., 82 w. by s. Indianapolis, 654 W. New Market, p-v., Platte co.. Mo. New Marlboro', p-t., Berkshire co., Mass., 131 s. w. by w. Boston, 364 W. The surface is uneven j soil, fertile, adapted to grazing. Drain- ed by Konkapot r. and its branches. A pond in the s. part discharges its waters into Blackberry r. in Canaan. Incorporated in 1736. It has 4 stores, cap. $11,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 forge, 1 tan- nery, 1 powder m., 3 paper fac, 4 grist m., 15 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $25,000. 11 sch. 430 scholars. Pop. 1,682. New Maysville, p-v., Putnam co., la., 33 w Indianapolis, 603 W. New Middleton, p-o., Luzerne co.. Pa., 120 N. E. Harrisburg, 228 w. New Middleton, p-o., Columbiana co., 0., 185 N. E. by e. Columbus. Pop. 118. New MtLFORD, p t., Litchfield co., Ct., 51 w. s. w. Hartford, 308 W. The surface is hilly and broken ; soil, generally fertile, being a sandy, gravelly, and clay loam. Watered by Housa- tonic r. and its branches. This large t. has 9 churches — 2 Congregational, 2 Episcopal, 2 Bap- tist, 2 Methodist, and 1 Friends. The v. contains 2 churches, 5 stores, and about 60 dwellings. A bridge here crosses the Housatonic r., erected in 1737, and the first bridge acro.ss it ever erected in its whole course. Two other bridges cross the r. in this t. Marble is found here. It has 7 stores, cap. $29,300 ; 1 cotton fac. 1,500 sp., 5 tanneries, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $37,900. 23 sch. 879 scholars. Pop 3,974. New Milforu, p o , Warwick t.. Orange co., N. Y., 120 s. by w. Albany, 264 VV. New Milford, p t., Susquehanna co.. Pa., 185 N. Harrisburg, 28J W. The surface is hilly; soil, clay and gravel. Drained by Mitchell's and Salt Lick creeks. The v., in the n. e. part of the t., contains an Episcopal church, 3 stores, and about 25 dwellings. There ate in the t. 3 stores, cap. $27,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in maimlac. $12,600. 8 sch. 210 scholars. Pop. 1,148. Newman's Mills, p-o., Indiana co., Pa. New Mount Pleasant, p v., Jay co., la., 97 N. E. Indianapolis, 520 W. Newnan, p-v., capital of Coweta co., Ga., 106- w. by N. Milledgeville, 710 W. It contains a court house, jail, and about 15 or 20 dwellings. Newnansville, p v., capital of Alachua co.,. Flor., 120 E. s. e. Tallahassee, 72 w. St. Augus- tine. New Ohio, p-o., Colesville t., Broome co , N. Y., 127 w. s. w. Albany, 310 W. New Orleans, city, port of entry, and capital of Louisiana, in the parish of Orleans, is the fourth city in population, and the third in com- merce, in the United States. It is on the left bank of Mississippi r., which has here a singular curve which places the city on its n. w. side, and facing to the s. E. It is 105 ms. from its mouth, by the course of the river, but only 90 in a direct line — 1,132 from St. Louis, 1,397 from New York, 1,612 from Boston, and 1,172 from Washington— in 29° 57' N. iat., 90° 6' w. Ion. from Greenwich, and 13° 5' w. Ion. from W. The population in 1810, was 17,212; in 1820, 27,176; in 183U, 46,310; in 1840, 102,193— of whom 23,443 were slaves. Employed in agriculture, 1,430; in commerce, 7,392 ; "in manufactures and trades, 4,593 ; navi- gating the ocean, rivers, &c., 1,590; learned pro- fessions, 438.— Tonnage of the port, 1840, 126,612. The old city proper is in the form of a paral- lelogram, of which the longer sides are 1,320 yds. long, and the shorter, toward the swanjp in the rear, 701) yds. Above tlie city are the suburbs of St. Mary and Annunciation, and below are the suburbs of Marigny, Franklin, and Washing- ton. Tliese are called Fauxbourgs. Between the city and the bayou St. Johns, are the villages of St. Claude and St. Johnsburg. The old city. NEW 460 NEW proper was laid out by the French, and now forms not more than one eighth of the city limits, and not more than one third of ils thickly settled parts. In 1836, the legislature passed an act, dividing the city into 3 municipalities, ranking them ac- cording to their population. The 1st includes the city proper, extending with that widtli from the river back to Lake Ponlchartrain, and occupying the centre ; the 2d adjoining it above, and the 3d below, both extending from tlie river to the lake. Each municipality has a distinct council for the management of ils internal affairs, which do not encroach on the general goverrnnent. The situation of New Orleans for commerce is very commanding. The length of the Mi-ssissippi r., and its connected waters, which are navigated by steam, is not less than 20,000 miles, and the country which they drain is not surpassed in fertility by any on the globe. Its advantages for communication with the country in its immediate vicinity are also great. By a canal, 4^ ms. long, it communicates with Lake Pontchartrain, and its connected ports. This canal cost $1,000,000. There is also a canal, U ra. long, which commu- nicates with Lake Pontchartrain through b^iyou St. John. A railroad, 4s ms. long, connects it with Carrolllon. A railroad, 4r ms. long, connects the city witli Lake Pontchartrain, 1 m. e. of bayou St. John. The Mexican Gulf railroad ex- tends 24 ms., to Lake Borgne, and is to be con- tinued to the gulf, at the South Pass. The Mis- sissippi, opposite to the city, is lialf a mile wide and from 100 to 160 feet deep, and continues of this depth to near its entrance into the ocean, where are bars, with from 13i to 16 feel of water. The level of the city is from 3 to 9 feet below the level of the river, at the higliest water. To protect it from inundation, an embankment, call- ed the Levee, is raised on jls border, from 4 to 10 feet high, and generally from 20 to 40 feet broad ; but in front of the 2d muiiicipalily, by the an- nual deposits made by the river, and the filling up by the corporation, it is extended to 5D0 or 600 feet broad. This forms a splendid promenade, and a very convenient place for depositing the cotton and other produce from the upper country, wliich can be rolled directly from the decks of the steamers to the bank of the r. The levee extends from 43 ms. below the city to 120 above it. The harbor presents an area of many acres, covered with flat-boats, and keel-boats, in its upper parts. Sloops, schooners, and brigs, are arranged along ils wharves, and present a forest of masts ; and steamboats are continually ar- riving or departing. The amount of domestic articles exported exceeds $12,000,000 annually, being greater than tho.se of any other city in ihe Union, excepting New York. The houses of the city proper have a French and Spanush aspect, are generally stuccoed, and are of a white or yellow color. A basement story, al)out 6 feet high, forms the only cellar, as none are sunk be- neath the surface of the ground. The city proper and the Fauxbourg St. Mary, are compactly and substantially built. The buildings in the Faux- bourg St. Mary and many other parts of the city, are mostly of brick, and resemble those of other cities of the I'liiied Stales. The city proper contains 66 complete squares; each square hav- ing a front of 3iy feet in lenglii. tew of tlie streets, excepting Canal-street, are more than 40 feet wide. Many of the seats in the suburbs are surrounded with spacious gardens, splendiilly ornamented with orange, lemon, magnolia, and other trees. No city in the United States has so great a variety of inhabitants, with such an as- tonishing contrast of manners, language, and complexion. The French population probably still predominates over the American, though the latter is continually gaining ground. The water generally used in the city is rain water, contained m cidtems holding from 20 to 50 hogsheads each. The (Commercial Bank water works, which cost §455,000, raise the water 20 or 30 feet above the city, and distribute it by pipes, having an aggre- gate length of 12 ms. 'The city water works have a pipe 1 m. long, to furnish running water, in hot weather, through the gutters of the city, which cost $1 10,000. A draining company, with a capital of $640,000, has 2 steam engines for draining the marshes between the city and Lake Pontchartrain, of 35 sq. ms. in extent. The land is thus made valuable, and the health of ihe cily improved — although it is still unhealtliy, from July t« the middle of October. The city contains a state house, custom house, 2 exclianges, a U. S. mint, a U. S. land office ; 5 banks, with a capital of more than $10,000,000 ; a large and splendid Ro- man Catholic cathedral, 'JO by 12',) feet, with 4 lowers ; the Ursuline convent, 3 theatres, the Col- lege of Orleans, a charity hospital, which has received 900 patients in a year; 3 other hospitals, an orphan asylum, and various other charitable institutions. There are 2 large, and several small- er cotton presses, of great importance to the bu- siness of the city. There are fewer churches than in any other city in the Union in proportion to its size. The Roman ('atholics have 3, the Episcopalians 2, the Presbyterians, Baptists, and Methodists,! each, and there is a mariners' church. There were in 1840, 8 commercial and 375 commission houses, with a cap. of $i6,4'JO,000 ; 1,881 retail stores, cap. $11,018,225; 32 lumiier yards, cap. $67,800 ; 6 furnaces, cap. $355,000 ; hardware manufactured to the amount of .$30,000 ; 1 cotton fac. 700 sp., cap. $20,000 ; tobacco man- ufactures, cap. $60,000 ; 1 tannery, cap. .$.50,000 ; 2 distilleries, cap. $56,000; 3 sugar refineries, value produced $700,000 ; 3 steam saw m., cap. $175,000 ; 18 printing offices, 5 binderies, 9 daily, 6 weekly, and 2 semi-weekly newspapers, with a cap. of $162,200 ; 201 brick" and stone, and 210 wooden houses built, cost $2,234. 3)0. Cap. ia manufac. $1,774,200. 2 colleges, 105 students, 10 acad. 410 students, 25 sch. 975 scholars. The city was founded by the French in 1717. In 1762 it was conveyed to the Spanish, who in 1800 reconveyed it to the Frencii ; and in 1803 it was purchased by the United States, in the purchase of Louisiana. On January 8th, 1815, the Biilish, under Gen. Packcnhani, made an at- tack on the city, approaching it tiirouiih Lake Borgne; but they were signally defeated by the Americans, under Gen. Jackson. The British loss, in killed and wounded, was 3,000 men, and Gen. Paekenham was killed ; the Americans lost only 7 men killed and 6 wounded. Nkw Oxford, p-v., Berwick t., Adams co., Pa., 33 s. by w. Ilarrisburg, 85 W. It contains 1 church, 2 stores, and about 45 dwellings. Ni;w Paltz, p-t., Ulster co., N. V., 74 s. by w. Albany, 306 W. The surface is hilly on the w., covered in part by Shawanguidi mountain ; soil, mostly calcareous loam, and genendly productive. Bounded on the e. by Hudson r. Watered by \V allkill r. The inhabitants are mostly of Dutch descent. The v, is situated on the U'allkill, 9 ms. w, of the landing, on the Hudson, and con- tains 2 churches, 4 stores, 1 grist ni., 1 tannery, 40 dwelhngs, and about 25;l inhabitants. There are in thet. 7 stores, cap. $19,000 ; 3 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,900; 1 acad. 35 students,, 26 sch. 1,109 scholars. Pop. 5,408 NEW 461 NEW New Paltz Landing, p-v.. New Paltz t., Ul- ster CO., N. Y., 73 s. by w. Albany, 300 W. Sit- uated on the w. bank of Hudson r., opposite Poughkeepsie v., and contains 1 church, 4 stores, 1 grist m., 1 tannery, and about 40 dwellings. New Paris, p-v., Jefferson t., Preble co., O., 106 w. by s. Columbus, 499 W. Situated on the w. bank of Whitewater r., which affords good water power. It contains 1 church, 4 stores, 2 gri.stm., 4 saw m., in the vicinity, 60 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants. New Petersburgh, p-v.. Paint t.. Highland CO., O., 79 s. w. Columbus, 434 W. It contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 4 stores, 4 warehouses, 35 dwellings, and about 350 inhab- itants. New Philadelphia, p-v., Goshen t., capital of Tuscarawas CO., O., 11.5 e. n. e. Columbus, 313 W. Situated on the E. bank of Tuscarawas r., on a beautiful plain, opposite to the mouth of iSugar cr. It contains a court house, jail, several stores, a printing office, 80 dwellings and about 500 inhabitants. New Philadelphia, p-v., Washington CO., la., 96 s. Indianapolis, 596 W. New PiTTsnuKG, p-v., Chester t., Wayne co., O., 'J2 N. E. Columbus, 355 W. It contains 2 stores, about 25 dwellings, and 150 inhabitants. New Plain, p-v., Murray co., Ga. Newport, county, R. 1. It consists of several islands in Narraganset bay, and a portion of the main land, and contains 136 sq. ms. The most important portion of the no. is Rhode Island, 15 nis. long, and 2i broad. The surface is gently uneven ; soil, fertile, adapted to grain and to gras.s. Fossil coal is found. Canonicut, Pru- dence, and Block islands constitute the chief re- maining insular portions of the co. The advan- tages for navigation are very great, and many of the inhabitants are engaged in the fisheries. Cap- ital, Newport. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,633, sheep 29,230, swine 5,679 ; wheat 40S hush, produced, rye 3,500, Ind. corn 96,058, buckwheat 135, barley 33,005, oats 62,607, potatoes 142,2)8; 7 houses in foreign trade, cap. !ii)140,700; 133 stores, cap. $397,990 ; 5 lumber yards, cap. $30,300; cap. invested in fisheries, $301,557; 2 fulling m, 5 woollen fac, 10 cotton fac. 21,890 sp., 1 dyeing and printing establishment, 4 tan- neries, 1 distillery, 1 brewery, 3 rope fac, 24 grist m., 4 saw in., 3 printing offices, 2 binderies, 3 weekly newspapers. Cap. inmanufac. $877,408. 3 acad. 100 students, 62 sch. 2,471 scholars. Pop. 16,874. Newport, p-t., Penobscot co., Me., 54 n. e. Augusta, 619 W. It contains a large and beau- tiful pond, into which several streams empty, and the outlet of which forms the source of Se basticook r. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Its streams afford water power. It has 4 stores, cap. $4,800 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,330. 8 sch. 471 scholars. Pop. 1,138. Newport, pt., capital of Sullivan co., N. H., 39 w. by N. Concord, 474 W. The surface is uneven; soil, generally fertile, especially on the streams. Watered by Sugar r., the three branch- es of which unite near llie centre, affording good water power, and where is a pleasant v. (_ liar tered in 1761. It has 7 stores, cap. .$31,000; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 2 grist m., 10 saw m., 19 sch. 650 scholars. Pop. 1.958. Newport, pt., Orleans co., Vt., 64 n. 3Iont- pelier, 580 W. It has Lake 3Iemphremagog on its N. e. border, and extends to the Canada line oa the N. Watered by head branches of Missis- que r. Chartered in 1802. It contains consider- able tracts that are low and swampy. It has 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,900. 8 sch. 210 scholars. Pop. 591. • Newport, p-t., capital of Newport co., and Bemi-capital of the state of Rhode Island, 30 s. by E. Providence, 408 W. Situated on the s. w. side of Rhode Island, 5 miles from the ocean. The harbor, which is of a semi-circular form, spreads westward belbre the town. It is one of the finest in the I'nited States, being safe, easy of access, and capacious, and sufficiently deep for vessels of the largest class. The har- bor is defended by Fort Adams, situated on Bren- t.on's Pt., Island of Rhode Island, H miles w. s. w. of the town, and is garrisoned by 4 companies of U. S. Arlillery. Fort Greene, built during the late war, has gone to decay ; it was at the northern e.xtremity of the town. The site of the town is a beauiiful and gentle acclivity, which rises gradually from the harbor, exhibiting it to great advantage, as it is approached from the wa- ter. The pleasantness of its situation, and the healthfulness of its climate, its fine views, and its cooling oeean breezes, have rendered it a favorite summer resort to the inhabitanls of the cities, and of the southern stales. It contains a stale house, market house, theatre, almshouse, a library, con- taining over 3,000 volumes, 3 acad. with over lOO students, 7 banks, 12 churches — 4 Baptist, 2 Con- gregational, 2 Episcopal, 1 Friends, 1 Moravian, 1 iVIethodist, and a .lews' Synagogue — 1,200 dwell- ings, and 8,333 inhabitants, llie commerce if iNevvport is considerable, with Europe, the East and West Indies, in the coasting trade and the fisheries. It has 5 commer. and 2 commis. houses cap. $126,700; 104stores, cap. $346,515; 3 lumber yards, cap. $26,800 ; 1 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 4 cotton fac, 20,290 sp.,3 tanneries, 1 dist., 1 brew- ery, 3 priming offices, 2 binderies, 3 weekly news- papers, 7 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $726,983 8 sch. 265 ycholars. Tonnage in 1840 10,924 Newport, p-t., Herkimer co., N. Y., 86 n. w. Albany, 405 W. The surface is hilly, with fer- tile valleys ; soil, sandy and calcareous loam, adapted to grass. Drained by West Canada cr. The V. is situated on the cr., and contains 1 Epis- copal and 1 Baptist church, 3 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 distillery, 60 dwellings, and about 450 inhabitants. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. $26,700 ; 2 lumber yards, 1 furnace, 2 full- ing m., 2 cotton fac. 1,536 sp., 2 tanneries, 2 dis- tilleries, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $99,925. 10 sch. 482 scholars. Pop. 2,020. Newport, p-v., Dover t, Cumberland co., N. .1., 79 s. by w. Trenton, 190 W. It is called also " Autuxet." Situated on Nautuxet cr., 5 ms. above its mouth. It contains 1 store and about 30 dwellings. Newport, p-v., .luniata t. Perry co.. Pa., 28 N. w. Harrisburg, 132 VV. Situated on the w. bank of Juniata r., above the mouth of Little Buffalo cr. It contains 3 stores, 1 sch. 75 scho- lars, and 423 inhabitants. It is on the bank of the canal, and has considerable business. There is a ferry here across the r. Newport, t., Luzerne co.. Pa., 8 s. w. Wilkes- barre. Watered by ^'aniicoke r., which has falls, affording great water power. At the falls a dam is constructed, for feeding the N. Branch canal. Anthracite coal and bog iron ore are abuntlant. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 tanne- ry, 3 flouring m., 4 saw m. Cap. in mcnufac $6,400. 5 sch. 225 scholars. Pop. 1,099. Newport, p-v.. New Castle co., Del, 49 n Dover, 108 VV. NEW 462 NEW Newport, p-v., Charles co., Md., 83 s. w. An- napolis, 44 VV. Newport, p-o., Giles co., Va., 222 w. Rich- mond, 268 W. Newport, p-v., capital of Cocke co., Tenn., 232 E. by s. Nashville, 465 W. Situated on the s. w. side of French Broad r., and contains a court house, 2 churches — 1 JMeitiodist, 1 Presby- terian — 1 academy, and 150 inhabitants. Newport, p-v., capital of Campbell co., Ky., 86 N. N. E. Frankfort, 4'J3 W. Situated on Ohio r., immediately above the entrance of Licking r., and directly opposite to Cincinnati. It contains a court house, jail, market houi^e, an academy, endowed by tlie state wilii 6,001) acres of land, and a Uniterl States ansenal. It is situated on an elevated plain, commanding a line view of Cin- cinnati. Newport, p-t., Washington co., O., 118 e. s. E. Columbus, 2'J3 W. It has many fine farms with handsome brick dwellings along the Ohio r. The V. is situated on the n. bank of Ohio r., 14 ms. above Marietta. It contains 1 church, 2 stores. There are in the t. lOsch. 484 scliolars. Pop. 1,228. Newport, p-v., capital of Vermilion co., la., 78 w. Indianapolis, 650 W. Situated on the s. side of Vermilion r., 2 ms. above its junction with the Wabash r. It contains a brick court house, jail, and 3 stores. It is surrounded by a very fertile coimtry. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $1'J,000 ; 2 tanneries. Cap. in manufac. §4,800. 1 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 192. Newport, p-v., Franklin co., Mo., 70 e. Jef- ferson City, 877 W. Situated on high bluffs 1 m. from the 3Iissouri r., and contains 2 stores and a landing and warehouse, a little above, on the r. opposite to Pinckney. It was formerly the capital of the co. Newport, rivers, Ga. The n. r. is 25 ms. long, navigable to Riceboro, near its sources ; the s. r. is a smaller stream, emptying into St. Catharines sound. New Portage, p-v., Norton t., Medina co., , 119 N. E. by N. Columbus, 334 W. New PoRTi.ANi), p-t., Somerset co.. Me., 56 n. N. w. Augusta, 650 W. The soil is very fertile, adapted to grain. Watered by Seven 3Iile Brook and its branche.s, which afford water power. In- corporated in 1808. It has 7 stores, cap. $13,50 J ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,125. 17 sch. 597 scholars. Poi). 1,620. Newportville, p-v., Bristol t., Bucks co.. Pa., 116 E. Harrisburg, 158 W. Situated at the head of navigation, on Neshaminy ci., which affords water power. It contains a store, about 15 dwellings, and a bridge across the cr. on stone piers. New Preston, p-v., Washington t., Litchfield CO., Ct., 43 w. by .s. Hartford, 320 W. Situated on w. side of k. Aspeluck r. It has 2 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Episcopal — a factory, and several neat dwellings. New Prospect, p-v., Franklin t, Bergen co., N. J., 87 N. E. Trenton, 253 W. It is pleasantly situated on elevated ground, on Holiokus cr , and contains 1 store, 2 paper m., 2 grist m., a chair fac, with lathes moved by water power, and a number of dwellings. New Prospect, p-v., Spartanburg dist., S. C, 117 N. w. Columbia, 483 W. New Prospect, p-v., Greene co., Ala., 57 s. w. Tuscaloosa, 874 W. New Prospect, p-o., Milton t., Wayne co., O., 110 N. E. Columbus, 341 W. New Providence, p-t., Essex co., N. J., 13 .s. \v. Newark, 56 n. e. by n. Trenton, 222 W. The surface is hilly, and mountainous on the w. ; soil, clay loam and red shale. It has 4 stores, cap. §9,500; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 paper fac, 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,700. 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 832. New Providence, p-o., Lancaster co., Pa., 46 E. by s. Harrisburg, 121 W. New Providence, p-v., Montgomery countv, Tenn., 47 x. w. Nashville, 732 W. New Providence, p-v., Clarke co., la., 107 s. by E. Indianapolis, 618 W. New Richmond, p-o., Crawford co.. Pa., 246 N. w. by w. Harrisljurg. New Richmond, p-v., Ohio t., Clermont co., O., 116 s. w. Columbus, 487 W. Situated on Ohio r., just above the mouth of Muddy cr. It contains 2 churches — 1 Presbyterian and 1 Meth- odist — 10 stores, 1 steam grist m., 1 steam saw m., 2 carding machines, 130 dwellings, and about 900 inhabitants. New, r., Va., rises in N. C, and flowing into Va., after passing through Peters mt., it is called the Great Kanawha r. New, r., N. C, runs into New River inlet, in the Atlantic, 45 w. s. w. Cape Lookout. New, r., Beaufort dist., S. C, runs nearly par- allel with Savannah r., and, by several mouths, enters Tybee sound. New, r.. La., rises near the Mississippi r., and flowing between that and Amite r., enters Lake Maurepas. New River, p-o., Ascension par.. La., 83 w. N. w. New Orleans, 1,200 W. New Road, p-o., Sidney t,, Delaware co., N. Y., 102 s. w. Albany, 329 W. New Rochelle, pt., Westchester co., N. Y., 18 N. E. New York, 145 s. Albany, 244 W. The surface is undulating or level ; soil, clay loam, adapted to grass. Long Island sound bounds it on the s. The v. is pleasantly situated at the head of a small bay of Long Island sound, and has a good steamboat landing, from which 2 sloops owned here, trade to New York, and steam- boats pass daily. It contains a town house, 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Meth- odist — 1 male and 2 female boarding schools, 9 stores, 1 grist m., 1 bone button i'ac, 1 printers' ink fac, 1 carriage fac, 125 dwellings, and about 800 inliabitaiUs. It has a flue view of Long Isl- and sound. It was early settled by Huguenots, from Rochelle in France. It has 2 acad. 38 stu dents, 1 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 1,816. New Rochester, p-v.. Freedom t., Wood co. O., 108 N. w. Columbus, 453 W. New Ross, p-v., Montgomery co., la., 35 w. N. w. Indianapolis, 606 W. New Rumley, p-v., Rumley t., Harrison co., O., 116 E. by N. Columbus, 290 W. It contains 1 church, 3 stores, 1 tannery, 2 carding machines, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants, Newry, p-t., Oxford co., Me., 64 w. Augusta, 611 W. Watered by Bear river, and another branch of Androscoggin r., which afford good water power. Incorporated in 1805. It has 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw in. Cap. in manufac. §304. 4 sch. 70 scholars. Pop, 463. Newry, p-v., Frankstown t., Huntingdon co.. Pa., 122 w. Harrisburg, 157 W. Situated on Poplar run, a tributary of the Frankstown branch of Juniata r. It contains 1 German Reformed and 1 Roman Catholic church, 3 stores, 1 distil- lery, and about 50 dwellings and 300 inhabitants. New Sai,em, p-t., Franklin co., Mass., 73 w. N. w. Boston, 403 W. Miller's r. flows on its n. border. Watered by a branch of this river, and by a branch of Middle r. The surface is ele- vated ; soil, well adapted to grazing. Incorpo- NEW 463 NEW fated in 1753. There is an academy which was incorporated in 1795. It contains 3 churches — 2 Congregational and 1 Baptist. It has 4 stores, cap. §4,3)0 ; 1 fulling m , 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,150. 1 acad. 103 students, 12 sch. 360 scholars. Pop. 1,305. New Salem, p-v.. New Scotland t., Albany CO., N. Y., 12 w. Albany, 332 W. It contains 1 Dutch Reformed church, 2 stores, 1 tannery, and about 15 dwellings. New Salem, pv., Salem t., Fayette co., Pa., 187 vv. by s. Harrisburg, 203 W. It contains 2 stores, and about 25 dwellings. New Salem, p-o., Harrison co., Va., 267 n. w. Richmond, 235 W. New Salem, p-v., Randolph co., N. C, 81 w. Raleigh, 319 W. New Sale.m, p-v.. Walnut t., Fairfield co., O., 40 s. E. Columbus, 371 W. New Salem, p-v.. Rush co., la., 47 e. s. e. Indianapolis, 541 W. New Salisuury, p-v., Harrison co., la., 124 s. Indianapolis, 616 W. New Scotland, p-t., Albany co., N. Y., 9 w. Albany, 379 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, sand, loam, and clay. Drained by Coeyman's cr. and a branch of the Normanskill r. Tlie vil- lage contains 1 Presbyterian church, 2 stores, 20 dwellings, and about 125 inhabitants. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $12,000 ; 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,800. Pop. 2,912. New Sewickly, t., Beaver co.. Pa., 5 e. Bea- ver. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam. Watered by Big Beaver r., which has falls in this t. afford- ing great water power. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 2 grist rn., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,200. 4 sch. 133 scholars. Pop. 1,7 40. New Siiarox, p-t., Franklin co.. Me., 23 n. w. Augusta, 621 W. It has a fertile soil, adapted to wheat. Drained by Sandy r., which flows into Kennebec r. Incorporated in 1794. It has 4 stores, cap. $10,000; 1 fulling m., 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,300. 17 sch. 729 scholars. Pop. 1,829. New Shoreham, p-t., Newport co., R. I., 15 s. s. w. Point Judith, 13 n. e. Montauk Point, Long Island. The t. comprises Block Island, 8 miles long, and from 2 to 4 broad. The surface is un- even ; soil, a sandy and gravelly loam, and pro- ductive. About one seventh of the surface is covered with ponds. There are no forests, and peat is the only fuel. There are 1 Baptist church, 4 stores, and 2 wind m. There is no harbor for vessels. The inhabitants are mostly fishermen, employed in taking cod and mackerel. It has 4 stores, cap. $2,500 ; 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. «1,000. 4 sch. 374 scholars. Pop. 1,069. Newso.n's Depot, po., Southampton co., Va., 18 s. s. E. Richmond, 197 W. Situated on the Portsmouth and Roanoke railroad. New Springfield, p-v., Columbiana co., O., 167 N. E. by E. Columbus. 289 W. New Sta.ntox, p-v., Westmoreland co.. Pa. Newstead, p-t., Erie co., N. Y., 20 n. e. Buf- falo, 266 w. Albany, 336 W. The surface is un- dulating ; soil, clay, and gravelly and calcareous loam. Drained by Ellicott's cr., and tributaries of Tonawanda cr. It has 4 stores, cap. §12,000 ; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,495. 15 sch. 702 scholars. Pop. 2,653. New Store, p o., Buckingham co., Va., 75 w. Richmond, 165 W. New Sweoex, p-v., Au Sable t., Clinton co., N Y., 155 N. Albany, 530 W. Situated on the N. side of Au Sable r., and contains 2 stores, 1 forge, 5 saw m., 40 dwellings, and about 250 in- habitants. Newton, county, Ga. Situated in the central part of tbe state, and contains 460 square miles. Drained by Yellow and Alcopahatchee rivers, branches of Ocmulgee r., which flows on its s. w. border. Capital, Covington. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,031, sheep 4,212, swine 17,233; wheat 46,222 bushels produced, rye 901, Indian corn 465,329, oats 26,373, potatoes 13,990, tobacco 747 pounds, cotton 4,115,635 ; 26 stores, cap. $62,000 ; 7 lumber yards, cap. $9,230 ; 1 cotton fac. 396 sp., 2 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 4 flouring m., 12 grist ra., 8 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $53,641. i acad. 25 students, 1 sch. 30 schol- ars. Pop. whites 7,890, slaves 3,720, free col'd 18; total, 11,623. NewtOxN, county. Miss. Situated a little s. E. of the centre of the state, and contains 540 sq. miles. Drained by head branches of Chicka- sawha r. Capital, Decatur. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,316, sheep 1,387, swine 14,120 ; wheat 1,924 bushels produced, Ind. corn 95,751, potatoes 10,312, rice 1,670 pounds, cotton 273,892 ; 1 tannery, 6 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 college, 2 sch. 4^ scholars. " Pop. whites 1,980, slaves 546, free col'd 1 ; totiil, 2,527. New to.v, county, Mo. Situated in the s. w. corner of the state, and contains 1,150 sq. miles. Drained by branches of Neosho river. Capital, Neosho. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,824, sheep 3,721, swine 17,290; wheat 6,151 bushels produced, Ind. corn 264,116, oats 5,918, potatoes 9,561, tobacco 9,170 pounds, cotton 1,583, sugar 1,752 ; 12 stores, cap. $23,440 ; 4 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 6 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $8,950. 6 sch. 114 scholars. Pop. whites 3,616, slaves 169, free col'd 5 ; total, 3,790. Newton, p-t., Middlesex co., Mass., 7 w. Bos- ton, 433 W. It lies on a bend of Charles river, which bounds it on 3 sides, and furnishes ex- tensive water power, having 2 falls, at each of which is a v. Incorporated in 1691. The v. at the Upper Falls contains 2 churches — 1 Bap- tist and 1 Methodist — a nail fac, rolling m. and machine shop, and about 70 dwellings. The r. descends 35 fleet in half a mile, and, in one place, falls over a ledge of rocks 20 feet liigh. The v. at the Lower Falls is 2 ms. n. w., lies partly in Need- ham, and contains 1 Episcopal church, 5 paper m., and about 50 dwellings. The Boston and Worcester railroad passes through it. The New- ton Theological Seminary, under the direction of the Baptists, was founded in this town in 1825, and has a brick edifice 85 feet long, 49 wide, and 3 stories high, which cost about $10,000; 3 houses for professors, and a mansion house for boarding the students. It has 3 professors, 33 students, 137 graduates, and 4,000 vols, in its libraries. There are in the I. 15 stores, cap. $29,600; 1 cotton fac. 5,712 sp., 3 paper fac, 2 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $318,000. 4 acad. 114 students, 11 schools, 509 scholars. Pop. 3,351. Newton, p-t., capital of Sussex co., N. J., 70 N. Trenton, 233 W. The surface is hilly on the N. w. and on the s. E., and level in the centre Watered by Paulinskill. The borough or p-v. is situated on the Paulinskill, has several streets, with a large public square in the centre, on which stands the court house, jail, and county offices. It contains 3 churches— 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist — 1 academy and 1 high school, a bank, a lyceum, a public library, 8 stores, 2 printing offices, each issuing a week- ly newspaper, about 150 dwellings, and 900 in- NEW 464 NEW habitants. The court house was built in 1765. The Eoiscopal church has a vahiable glebe farm of 100 acres near the v. There are in the t. 15 stores, cap. $5 -1,01)0; 1 furnace, 1 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 distillery, "2 priming offices, 2 weekly newspapers, 5 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $91,325. 3 acad. 91 stu- dents, 15 sch. 537 scholars. Pop. 3,H57. Newto.v, t., Gloucester co., N. J., 6 s. e. Woodbury. Tlie surface is level ; soil, sandy, covered extensively with yellow pine ; the cul- tivated parts are devoted to the raising of vege- tables for market. Watered by Cooper's and Newton creeks. It contains 2 villages. There are in the t. 9 stores, cap. $35,400; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 pottery, 3 gri>t m. Cap. in manufac. $21,190. 3 acad. 155 students, 5 sch. 215 scholars. Pop. 1,KG3. Newton, t., Cumberland co.. Pa., 16 w. Car- lisle. The surface is level ; soil, calcareous loam. Yellow Breeches cr. rises in Big pond on its w. border, and Hows through it. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 2 commission houses, cap. $9,000; 1 furnace, 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 3 llouriiig m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. ,$31,250. 7 sch. 317 scholars. Pop. 1,499. Newton, t., Delaware co., Pa., 14 n. w. Phil- adelphia. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam. Wa- tered by Crum and Darby creeks. It has 3 stores, cap. $13,000; 1 tannery, 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,000. 5 sch 105 scholars. Pop. 752. Newton, t., Miami co., O. It has 1 distillery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,300. 6 sch. 29-^ scholars. Pop. 1,242. Newton, p-t., Muskingum co., O., 60 e. Co- lumbus, 345 W. It contains 3 churches, and has 2 or 3 salt works. It has 15 sch. 522 scholars. Pop. 2,568. Newton, t., Licking co., O. It has 2 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 1,247. Newton, t.. Pike co., O. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,000; 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $260. 4 sch. 74 scholars. Pop. 326. Newton, p-t., Calhoun co., Mich., 114 w. De- troit, 579 W. It has 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,050. 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 235. Newton, p-v., capital of Jasper co., III., 130 s. E. .Springfield, 707 Vv. Situated on the w. side of Embarrass r., and contains 1 Baptist church, 2 stores, and about 150 inhabitants. Nkvvton Ckntric, p-v., Xewton t., Middlesex CO., Mass., 7 w. Bo.ston, 431 VV. It contains 2 churches — 1 Baptist and 1 Congregational — and a theological seminary. (See Newton.) Newton Falls, p-v., Newton t., Trumbull CO., O., 162 n. k. Columbus, 311 W. Situated on the Pennsylvania and Ohio canal, at the junc- tion of the 2 branches of the JMahouing r., which afford good water power. It contains 2 churclics, 4 stores, 3 warehouses, 2 grist m., 3 saw m., 2 woollen fac, 1 paper m., and about 450 inhabit- ants. Iron ore is found in the vicinity. Newton IIamii.ton, jj-o., Mifflin co., Pa., 82 N. w. Uarrisburg, 140 W. Newton Lower Falls, p-v., Newton t., Mid- dlesex CO., 31ass., 11 w. Boston, 429 W. Situ- ated mostly on the e. side of Charles r., and has an Episcopal church and 5 paper fac. Newton's Corners, p-o., Northampton t., Fulton CO., N. Y., 51 s. w. Albany, 420 W. Nkwton [Jpi*I';r Falls, .\ewton t., Middlesex CO., Mass., 9 w. Boston, 429 W. Situated on the E. side of Charles r. It has 2 churches — 1 Bap- list and I Methodist — 2 cotton fac, and 1 iron works. Newtown, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H., 30 » E. Concord, 474 W. It contains a large pond on its N. w. border. The soil is lertile. First settled in 1720. Here was formed the first Baptist church in the state. It has 2 stores, cap. .$2,100. Cap- in manufac $2,500. 3 sch. 195 scholars. Pop 541. Nkwtown, p-t., Fairfield co., Ct., 62 s. w Hartford, 293 W. The surface is elevated and hilly; soil, gravelly loam, and fertile. Watered by Potatuck r., a branch of the Ilousatonic. The borough is on elevated ground, chiefly on one street, 80 rods long, and contains 3 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Episcopal, and 1 3Iethodist — t stores, and about 40 or .50 dwellings. Sandy Hook, another v., is H mile n. K., on the Pota- tuck r., where is a good water power, and various mills and manufactories, and about 50 dwellings. The t. contains 5 churches — 2 Episcopal, 1 Con- gregational, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist. It has 16 stores, cap. $46,900 ; 3 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 3J0 sp., 3 tanneries, 6 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $70, 100. 2 acad. 45 students, 18 ten. 533 scholars. Pop. 3,189. Nkwtow.v, p-t.. Queens co., N. Y., 152 s. Al- bany, 232 W. The surface is, in some parts, uneven and stony; soil, sand and clay loam, well cultivated, and particularly adapted to fruit. Bounded n. by the East r. and Jj>ng Island sound. Drained by Newtown cr. The v. contams 4 churches — I Dutch Reformed, 1 Episcopal, and 2 Methodist — a town house, 4 stores, 81) dwell- ings, and about 500 inhabitants. There are in the t. 10 stores, cap. $22,500; 2 lumber yards, cap. $3,500 ; 1 woollen fac, 2 grist m. Cap. in manufac $98,900. 1 acad. 55 students, 10 sch. 466 scholars. Pop. 5,054. Newtown, p-t., Bucks co.. Pa., 20 n. e. Phila- delphia, 118 E. Uarrisburg, 160 W. The surface is level ; soil, a fertile clay loam, and well cidti- vated. Drained by Newtown cr., a branch of Ne- shaminy cr., which afftjrds water power. The borough is on Newtown cr., and contains 1 Pres- byterian and 1 Friends church, 2 stores, and about 100 dwellings. It was formerly the capital of the CO. A large number of excellent carriages are manufactured here. There are in the t. 1 store, cap. $1,200; 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,235. 1 acad. 50 students, 6 sch. 436 scholars. Pop. 1,414. Newtown, t., Delaware co., Pa., 14 n. w. Philadelphia. The surface is hilly; soil, loam. Drained by Crum and Darby creeks. The v., at the centre, contains a church. It has 3 stores, cap. $13,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac $7,000. 5 sch. 105 scholars. Pop. 752. Newtown, p-v., Worcester co., Md., 126 s. E. Annapolis, 166 W. Newtown, p-v.. King and Queen co., Vs., 38 E. N. E. Richmond, 106 W. Situated 3 ms. n. of Mattapony r. It contains 1 Relbrmcd Baptist or Campbellite church, 1 male seminary, 2 stores, 20 dwellings, and about 100 inhabitants. Newtow.n, p-v., Scott CO., Ivy., 25 e. by N. Frankfort, 518 W. Newtown, p-v., Anderson t., Hamilton co., O., 119 s. w. by w. Columbus, 490 W. Situated on the E. side of Little Miami r., and contains 1 church, 1 steam m., 1 distillery, and about 30 dwellings. There are 4 flouring m. within 2 ms. Newtown, p-v.. Fountain co., la., 63 w. n. w. Indianapolis, 634 W. Newtown, p-v.. Hinds co., Miss., 10 s. Jacls- son, 1,020 W. Newtown, cr., rises in Newtown, Queens co., N. Y., and flows into the East r., opposite to the city of New York. NEW 465 NEW Newtown Square, p-v., Delaware co., Pa., 90 K. s. E. Harrisburg, 132 W. It contains a church, a store, and 5 or 6 dwellings. Newtown Stephe.n'sburg, p-v., Frederick co., Va., 154 N. N. w. Richmond, 8:i W. It contains 2 churches — 1 Methodist, and 1 common to Lu- therans and German Keibrmed — 2 stores, 3 tan- neries, about 100 dwellings, and 700 inhabitants. New Trenton, p-v., Whitewater t., Franklin CO., la., 81 E. s. E. Indianapolis, 516 W. It con- tains 3 stores, and about 250 inhabitants. New Tripoli, p-v., Linn t., Lehigh co.. Pa., 86 E. N. E. Harrisburg, 178 W. ISJtuated on a branch of Maiden cr. New Utrecht, p-t.. Kings co., N. Y., 7 s. N. York, 151 s. by w. Albany, 231 W. The surface is slightly hilly on the n., but elsewhere level ; soil, light sand or loam. It occupies the extreme w. end of Long Island, being separated from Staten Island by the " Narrows." If contains 1 Dutch Reformed church, 3 stores, 30 dwellings, and about 175 inhabitants. One mile w. is the " Bath House," much resorted to during the sum- mer season as a watering place. It has 4 stores, cap. $19,500. Cap. in manufac. $9,200. 1 acad. 35 students, 2 sch. 107 scholars. Pop. 1,233. Nfew Vernon, p-o.. Mount Hope t., Orange co., N. Y., 105 s. s. w. Albany, 280 W. New Vernon, p-v., Morris co., N. J., 49 n. Trenton, 220 W. New Vienn.v, p-o., Clinton co., O. New Village, p-v., Brookhaven t., Suffolk CO., N. Y., 198 s. s. E. Albany, 278 W. It has a Methodist church, 1 store, and several dwellings. New Village, p-v., Greenwich t., Warren co., N. J., 54 N. N. w. Trenton, 205 W. Situated on the Morris canal, and contains 1 store and about 12 dwellings. Newville, p-v., Danube t, Herkimer co., N. Y., 66 w. N. w. Albany, 339 W. It contains 1 church, 1 store, 1 grist m., 1 tannery, 1 clothier's works, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Newville, p-b., Newton t., Cumberland co., Pa., 30 s. w. Harrisburg, 113 W^. Situated on Big Spring cr. Incorporated in 1817. It contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Associate Reformed church ; 11 stores, capital $45,800 ; 1 lumber yard, capital $1,000 ; 2 tanneries. Cap. in manufac. $20,950. 2 sch. 130 scholars. Pop. 654. Newville, p-o., Sussex co., Va., 4S s. g. e. Richmond, 165 W. Newville, p-v., Worthington t., Richland co., O., 74 N. N. E. Columbus, 372 W. Handsomely situated on the n. side of Clear fork of Mohiccan cr. It contains 1 church, 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 2 carding machines, 1 fulling m., 40 dwellings, and about two hundred and fifty in- habitants. Newville, p-v., De Kalb co., la., 156 n. n. e- Indianapolis, 538 W, New Vineyard, p-t., Franklin co.. Me., 48 N. w. Augusta, 635 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, generally productive, adapted to grain. Wa- tered by a branch of Seven Mile r., and by a branch of Sandy r., both tributaries of Kennebec r. Incorporated in 1302. It has 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,200, 5 sch. 385 scholars. Pop. 927. New Wakefield, p-v., Washington co., Ala., 164 s. s. w. Tuscaloosa, 976 W. New Washington, p-v., Clarke co., la., 97 s. by E. Indianapolis, 578 W. New Westville, p-o,, Preble co., O., 104 w< by s. Columbus, 497 W. New Wilmington, p-v., Lackawannock t., Mercer co.. Pa., 241 w. n. w. Harrisburg, 284 W, It contains 2 stores, 1 grist m., and 15 or 20 dwell- ings. New Winchester, p-v., Marion co., O., 62 n* Columbus, 407 W. New Winchester, p-v., Hendricks co., la., 27 w. Indianapolis, 598 W. New Windsor, p-t., Orange co., N. Y., 86 s. by w. Allrany, 288 W. The surface is uneven and hilly ; soil, loam, fertile, and adapted to grass. Drained by Murderer's cr., flowing into Hudson r., which last bounds it on the e. The V. is situated on the w. side of Hudson r., and contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Episcopal church, 1 store, 2 warehouses, 1 ship yard and railway, 40 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. Two sloops and 1 barge run to New York. De Witt Clinton was born here, and his father's house is still standing, and in good repair. There are in the t. 9 sch. 641 scholars. Pop. 2,482. New Windsor, p-v., Carroll co., Md., 65 n. w. Annapolis, 66 W. New Woodstock, p-y., Cazenoviat., Madison CO., N. Y., 115 w. by n. Albany, 347 W. It con- tains 2 churches, 2 stores, 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 50 dwellings, and about 300 in- habitants. NEW YORK. New York, the most northern of the middle United States, and the most populous state in the Union, is bounded n. by Lake Ontario, the river St. Lawrence, and Lower Canada ; E. by Ver- mont, Massachusetts, and Connecticut ; s. by the Atlantic, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania ; and w. by Pennsylvania, Lake Erie, and Niagara rlvef. It lies between 39° 45' and 45° n. lat., and between 73° and 79° 55' w. Ion., and between 2° 51' w., and 5° e. long, from W. It is about 316 miles long, and 314 broad ; containing 46,000 square miles, or 11,040,000 acres. The population in 1790, was 340,120; in 1800, 586,050; in 18l0, 959,049; in 1820, 1,372,812; in 1830, 1 913,508; in 1840,2,428,921. Of these, 853,929 were white males, 816,276 do. females; 6,435 free colored males, 6,428 do. females. Employed in mining, 1,898; in agriculture, 4.55,954; in commerce, 28,468; manufactures and trades, 173,193; navigating the ocean, 5,511; do. lakes and canals, 10,167; learned professions, 14,111. This state is divided into 53 counties, which, with their population in 1840, and their capitals, are as follows: Albanv, 63,593, Albany; Alleghany, 40,975, Angelica; Broome, 22,338, Binghara- ton; Cattaraugus, 28,872, Ellicottsville; Cayuga, 50,338, Auburn; Chautauque, 47,975, May- ville; Chemung, 20,732, Elmira ; Chenango, 40,785, Norwich; Clinton, 28,157, Pittsburgh j Cortland, 24,607, Coitlandville ; Delaware, 35,396, Delhi; Erie, 62,465, Buffalo; Essex, 23,634, Elizabetiitown ; Franklin, 16,518, Malone ; Fulton, 18,049, Johnstown ; Genesee, 59,.i87, Batavia; Hamilton, 1,907, Lake Pleasant; Herkimer, 37,477, Herkimer; Jefferson, 60,984, 59 NEW 466 NEW Watertown; Lewis, 17,830, Martinsburg ; Livingston, 3J,140, Geneseo : M\dison, 40,00S, Mor- risville; Monroe, 64.902, Rochester; .Montgomery, 33,818, Canajoharie; Niagara, 31,132, Lockpnrt ; Oneida, 85,310, Utica, Rome, Whiteslovvn; Onondaga, 67,911, Syracuse; Ontario, 43,501, Canandaigua; Orleans, 25,127, Albion; Oswego, 43,61i\ Oswego, Pulaski; Otsego, 49,628, Cooperstown ; Rensellaer, 60,295, Troy ; Saratoga, 40,553, Ballston ; Schenectady, 17,387, Schenectady ; Schoharie, 32,358, Schoharie ; Seneca, 24,874, Ovid, Waterloo ; St. Law- rence, 56,706, Canton; Steuben, 46,138, Bath; Tioga, 20,527, Owego; Tompkins, 37,948, Ilha- ca; Warren, 13,422, Caldwell; Washington, 41,080, Salem, Sandy Hill; Wayne, 42,057, Lyons ; Vates, 20,444, Penn Yan ; Columbia, 43,252, Hudson ; Dutchess, 52,393, Poughkeep- sie; Greene, 30,446, Catskill; Kings, 47,613, Brooklyn; New York, 312,710, New York; Orange, 50,739, Goshen, Newburg ; Putnam, 12,825, Carmel ; Queens, 30,324, North Hempstead ; Richmond, 10,965, Richmond; Rockland, 11,975, Clarkstown ; Suffolk, 32,469, Riverhcad; Sullivan, 15,629, Monticello ; Ulster, 45,822, Kingston; Westchester, 48,6S6, Bedford, White Plains. These counties are divided into 807 townships, including 9 cities, and 125 incorporated villages. The capital of the state is Albany, on the w. bank of the Hudson r., 145 ms. n. of New York. Tliis state has a great variety of surface. Two chains of highlands, rising in some parts to moun- tains, pass along the eastern part of the state, and may be regarded as a continuation of the eastern chain of the Allcghanies. One of these, coming from New Jersey, crosses the Hudson near West Point, constituting what are called the Highlands, and passing northward, separates the waters which fall into the Hudson from those which fall into Long Island sound. The other, and prin- cipal range, comes from Pennsylvania, and forms the Catskill mountains, and proceedhig n. crosses the Mohawk, and forms, in the n. e. part of the state, opposite to Lake Champlain, some high summits called the Adirondack mountains. The highest peak of the Catskill mountains is Round Top, 3,804 feet high. Pine Orchard, 2,274 ft. high, back of Catskill, has a fine hotel, which is much fre- quented in the summer season, and which embraces a prospect 70 miles in extent, including the Hudson river, whitened with sails, and skirted in the distance by the lofty Green mountains. The highest summits west of Lake Champlain, are Whiteface, about 5,000, and Mount Marcy, 5,460 feet high. The country in the eastern part of the state is generally hilly, where it is not mountainous. In the western part of the state it is level, excepting in the s. toward the Pennsylvania line, where it becomes uneven and rough. The soil is generally good, and in some parts exceedingly fertile. The eastern part is best adapted to grazing, and the western to grain. Wheat, Indian corn, grass, rye, barley, oats, buckwheat, and potatoes are raised in great quantities. Beef and pork, butter and cheese, horses and cattle, pot and pearl ashes, flax seed, peas, beans, and lumber, form exten- sive articles of export. Apples, pears, plums, and peaches, succeed well in different parts of the state. In this state there were in 1840, 474,543 horses and mules ; 1,911,244 neat cattle ; 5,118,777 sheep; 1,900,005 swine; poultry to the value of $1,153,413. There were produced 12,286,418 bushels of wheat ; 2,520,060 of barley ; 20,675,847 of oats ; 2,979,323 of rye ; 2,287,885 of buck- wheat ; 10,972,286 of Indian com ; 9,845,295 pounds of wool ; 447,250 of hops ; 30,123,614 bushels of potatoes; 3,127,047 tons of hay; 1,735 pounds of silk cocoons; 10,048,109 pounds of sugar. The products of the dairy amounted to $10,496,021 ; and of the orchard to $1,701,935; of lumber to $3,891,302. There were produced 6,799 gallons of wine ; and of pot and pearl ashes 7,613 tons ; tar, pitch, turpentine, &c., 402 barrels. The climate of New York is various. The winters on the seacoast are mild, but changeable. In the N. E. part they are severe, but more uniform. In the extensive level country w. of the mountains, the climate is more mild tliaii in the same latitude in the e. The principal rivers are the Hudson, 324 miles long, navigable for sloops 156 miles to Troy, and enters into New York bay, and thence into the Atlantic ; the Mohawk, 135 miles long, which en- ters the Hudson a little above Troy ; the Genesee, 125 miles long, and enters Lake Ontario, having at Rochester, 5 miles from its mouth, two falls of 96 and 75 feet, furnishing many of the finest mill seats; Black river, which rises near the sources of the Hudson, and flows 120 miles into Lake Ontario ; the Saranac, 65 miles long, enters Lake Champlain at Plattsburgh ; the Oswe- gatchie flows 100 miles, into the St. Lawrence; the Oswego proceeds 40 miles, from Oneida lake into Lake Ontario ; the Au Sable rises in the Adirondack mts., and after a course of 75 miles enters Lake Champlain. The majestic St. Lawrence forms a part of the northern boundary of the state. The head branches of the Susquehanna, the Alleghany, and the Delaware, rise in tliis state. The state has a considerable number of lakes which lie wholly within it, besides Lake Ontario on the N., and Champlain on the e., which are but partly within it. Besides these, Lake George in the n. e., 33 ms. long and 2 broad, is a beautiful sheet of water, surrounded by the most pic- turesque scenery, and ha.s an outlet into Lake Champlain. In the western part of the state are Oneida lake, 20 ms. long and 3i wide; Skeneateles lake, 15 ms. long and 1 to U broad : Owasco lake, 11 ms. long and 1 to 2 broad ; Cayuga lake, 38 ms. long and 1 to 4 broad ; Seneca lake, 35 ms. long and 2 to 4 broad ; Crooked lake, 18 ms. long and 1 to H broad ; Canandaigua lake, U ms. NEW 467 NEW long and 1 broad. These lakes all discharge their waters into Lake Ontario. In the extreme w. part of the state is Chautauque lake, 18 ms. long and 1 to 3 broad ; situated near Lake Erie, but dis- charging its waters s. into the Alleghany river. The islands of New York are — Long Island, 120 miles long from w. to e., and about 10 miles as its average breadth. It contains Kings, Queens, and Suffolk counties. Within the bays, at its e. part, are Fisher's Island, Shelter Island, Robins's Island, and some others. Staten Island, s. w. of the harbor of New York, is 18 miles long and 8 wide, and constitutes the county of Richmond. Manhattan Island, on which the City of New York stands, is 15 miles long, and about U wide at an average breadth, and contains the county of New York. Grand Island, in Niagara river, is 12 miles long, and from 2 to 7 wide, and extends to within H miles of the falls. The harbor of New York city is one of the finest in the United States, and is on New York bay, which extends 8 miles above the Narrows, and is about 25 miles in circumference. It is safe, spa- cious, and accessible at all seasons of the year. On the bar, at Sandy Hook, it has a depth of from 21 to 27 feet, and is deeper above. Tlie Hudson is navigable for large ships, about 130 miles to Hudson. Sag Harbor on the E., and Brooklyn on the w. end of Long Island, have good harbors. Sacketts Harbor has a good natural, and Oswego a good artificial harbor on Lake Ontario. Buf- falo and Dunkirk are harbors on Lake Erie. New York is the chief commercial city of the state, and of the United States. Situated on an island of the same name, it has a harbor on three sides ; and its facilities for commerce with all parts of the country and of the world, are unrivalled ; and in the amount of its shipping, it is second only to London. Brooklyn, on Long Island, opposite New York, must be regarded as an append- age of the great cily, though it has become itself a large city, being the .second in population in the state, and the seventh in the Union. Albany, Rochester, Troy, Buffalo, and Utica, are large and flourishing cities. Pouglikeepsie, Nevvburgh, Hudson, Cattsldll, and Lansingburgh, on the Hudson ; Schenectady, on the Mohawk; Geneva, Syracuse, Auburn, Lockport, and Ithaca, in the w., and Plattsburgh in the n., are large and flourishing places. The commerce of New York greatly surpasses that of every other state in the Union. The ex- ports in 1840, were $34,264,080; and the imports were .$60,440,750. In the year 1840, there were 469 commercial and 1,044 commission houses engaged in foreign trade, with a capital of $49,533,001 ; 12,207 retail drygoods and other stores, wi'h a capital of $42,135,795 ; 9,592 persons engaged in the lumber trade, with a capital of $2,694,170 ; 7,593 per- sons engaged in internal transportation, and 804 butchers, packers, &c., the whole employing a capital of $2,833,916; tlie fisheries employed 1,228 persons, and a capital of $949,250. The manufactures of New York are also extensive. Home-made or family goods were produced amounting to $4,636,547 ; 323 woollen manufactories, with 890 fuUing mills, employing 4,636 per- sons, produced articles to the amount of $3,537,337, and employed a capital of $3,469,349; 117 cotton manufactories, Avith 211,659 spindles, employed 7,407 persons, and a capital of $4,900,772; 332 persons produced 2,867,884 bushels of salt, employing a capital of $5,601,000 ; 186 furnaces produced 29,088 tons of cast iron, and 120 forges, &c., produced 53,693 tons of bar iron, consumed 123,677 tons of fuel, employed 3,456 persons, and a capital of $2,103,418; 9 smelting houses pro- duced 670,000 pounds of lead, employing 333 persons, and a capital of $221,000; 77 paper mills produced articles to the amount of $673,121, and other paper manufactures produced $89,637, the whole employing 749 persons, and a capital of $703,550 ; hats and caps were manufactured to the amount of $2,914,117, and straw bonnets to the amount of $160,248, the whole employing 3,830 persons, and a capital of $1,676,559 ; 1,216 tanneries employed 5,579 persons, and a capital of $3,907,348; other leather manufactories, as saddleries, &c., produced articles to the value of $6,232,924, and employed a capital of $2,743,765 ; 13 glass houses and 11 glass cutting establish- ments, employed 498 persons, produced articles to the amount of $411,371, and employed a capital of $204,700 ; 47 potteries employed 197 persons, producing articles to the amount of $159,292, and employed a capital of $38,450; machinery was produced to the amount of $2,895,517, employing 3,631 persons ; hardware and cutlery employed 962 persons, and produced articles to the value of $1,566,974; 112 cannon and 8,308 small-arms were manufactured by 203 persons, to the value of $1,106,203; 1,713 persons manufactured the precious metals to tlie amount of $1,106,203; 1,447 persons manufactured granite and marble to the amount of ,$966,220 ; 489 persons manufactured 11,939,834 pounds of soap, 4,029,783 pounds of tallow candles, and 533,000 pounds of spermaceti candles, with a capital of $618,875 ; 669 persons manufactured t<;)bacco to the amount of $331,570, with a capital of $395,530 ; 212 distilleries produced 11,973,815 gallons, and 83 breweries produced 6,059,122 gallons, the whole employing 1,486 persons, and a capital of $3,107,066; 4,710 persons manufactured carriages and wagons to the amount of $2,364,461, with a capital of $1,485,023; 338 flouring mills manufactured 1,861,385 barrels of flour, and with other mills produced articles to the amount of 16,953,280, employing 10,307 persons, and a capital of $14,648,814 ; ships were built to the amount of $797,317 ; furniture was manufactured to the amount of $1,971,776, employuig 3,660 persons, and a capital of $1,610,810; 3,160 persons produced bricks and lime to the amomtt of NEW 468 NEW $1,198,527 ; 1,233 brick and 5,198 wooden houses were built by 16,768 persons, and cost $7,265,844 ; 321 printing offices, and 107 binderies, 34 daily, 13 semi-weekly or tri-weekly, and 193 weekly newspapers, and 57 periodicals, employed 3,231 persons, and a capital of $1,876,540. The whole amount of capital employed in manufactures in 18 10, was $55,252,779. This state has a number of respectable literary institutions. Columbia College (formerly King's) was founded in i\ew York in 1754, and is conducted by the Episcopalians ; Union College, at Schenectady, was founded in 1795 ; Hamilton College, in Clinton, was founded in 1812 ; Geneva College, conducted by the Episcopalians, was founded in Geneva, in 1823 ; the University of the City of New York, was founded in 1831. The Hamilton Literary and Theological Seminary was founded in Hamil- ton, by the Baptists, in 1819. The Theological Institute of the Episcopal Church, was founded by the Episcopalians, in New York, in 1819 ; the New York Theological Seminary, connected with the University, was founded by the Presbyterians, in 1836 ; the Theological Seminary, at Auburn, was founded by the Presbyterians, in 1821 ; the Hartwick Seminary, at Hartwick, in Otsego county, was founded by the Lutherans, in 1816 ; the Theological Seminary of the Associate Re- formed Church was founded at Newburg, in 1836 ; the College of Physicians and Surgeons in the city of New York, was founded in 1807 ; the Albany Medical College, was founded in 1839. All these institutions had in 1840, 1,285 students ; besides, there were in the state, 505 academies, with 34,715 students, and 10,593 common and primary schools, with 502,367 scholars, and 44,452 per- sons over 20 years of age who could neither read nor write. Of the religious denominations in 1838, the Presbyterians and Congregationalists had 564 minis- ters, and 86,000 communicants; the Baptists had 433 ministers, and 67,183 communicants; the Methodists had 591 ministers, and 30,700 communicants ; the Dutch Reformed, 142 ministers, and 15,800 communicants ; the Episcopalians had 207 ministers, and about 10,000 communicants ; the Associate Reformed had 30 ministers ; the Lutherans 27 ; the Roman Catholics 32 ; the Univer- salists 25 ; the Unitarians 8 ; besides a few others. There were in the state Jan. 1st, 1840, 96 banks, with an aggregate capital of $36,801,460, and a circulation of $10,629,514. A number of these banks have recently been discontinued. At the close of 1810, the state debt amounted to $20,165,254. The state has 2 penitentiaries ; one at Sing Sing, on the Hudson river, and the other at Auburn ; the latter is regarded as a model for such institutions. The present constitution of the state government was adopted in 1821. The legislature con.sists of a senate composed of 32 members, elected by the people, one fourth of whom are renewed every year ; and an assembly, of 128 members, chosen annually, by a universal suffrage of all male citizens over 21 years of age, except colored persons, who must have a freehold worth $250. The governor and lieutenant-governor are chosen for two years, by the people, by a plurality of votes. The chancellor and judges of the supreme court are chosen by the governor and senate, and hold their offices during good behavior, or until they are 60 years of age. New York has taken the lead of her sister stales in the great works of internal improvement ; and her example and success have stimulated the other states to undertake their great works. The Erie canal was commenced in July, 1817, and completed in 1825. It extends from Alb;iny lo Buffalo, 363 miles, and cost originally $7, 143,789. This sum will be more than doubled by the pres- ent widening of it. The Chaniplain canal, from Albany to Whitehall, 79 miles, was carried on simultaneously, and cost $1,257,004. The Oswego canal, from Syracuse to Oswego, 38 miles, was completed in 1828, at a cost of .$565,437. The Cayuga and Seneca canal, from Montezuma to Geneva, 21 miles, was completed in 1828, at a cost of $236,804. The Chemung canal, extends from Elmira to Seneca lake, including a feeder to Painted Post, 39 miles, and cost $331,693. The Crooked Lake canal extends from Crooked lake lo Seneca lake, 8 miles, and cost $156,776. Che- nango canal extends from Binghamton to Utica, 97 miles, and cost $2,270,605. The above are all branches of the great Erie canal, and their united length is 655 miles; and the cost of the whole $11,962,711. The Black River canal extends from the Erie canal, at Rome, to the foot of the high falls in I.«yden, on Black river, 35 miles, with a navigable feeder of 11 miles ; the cost, including the improvement of the navigation of the river, 40 miles, to Carthage, $1,068,437. The Genesee and Alleghany canal extends from Rochester to Olean, on the Alleghany, 107 miles, vviih a branch of 15 miles, e^limated to cost $2,002,285. The Delaware and Hudson canal commences at Eddy- ville, on tlie Rondout creek, near the Hudson, and reaches to Honcsdale, on the Laekawaxen river, passing to, and through Delaware river, 109 miles, and cost $2,231,320. Many railroads have been projected in ihe state, and the following have been completed. The Harlem railroad extends from New York to Fordham, 12 miles ; the Long Island railroad extends from Brooklyn to Suffolk station, 41 miles, lo bo continued through the island to Greenport; the Hudson and Berkshire railroad extends from Hudson to West Stockbridge, 33 miles; the Catskill and Canajoharie railroad, to coimect the tvio places, 78 miles, partly completed ; the Rensselaer and Saratoga railroad extends from Troy to Ballston, 23 miles; the Mohawk and Hudson railroad connects Albany and Schenectady, 16 miles; the Saratoga and Schenectady, 21i miles, connects NEW 469 NEW Ihe two places ; the Utica and Schenectady connects these places, 77 miles; the Syracuse and lltica continues this road 53 miles w., to Syracuse ; the Syracuse and Auburn railroad contiiiueg this road to Auburn, 26 miles ; the Auburn and Rochester railroad continues it 80 miles w., to Rochester. The Towanda railroad connects Rochester and Attica, 45 miles, and is now being con- tinued to Buffalo. Buffalo and Niagara Falls railroad connects the two places, 23 miles. Lockport and Niagara Falls railroad connects these places, 20 miles. Ithaca and O wego railroad joins the two places, 2J miles; the Rochester railroad extends from Rochester to Port Genesee, 3 miles; Bath i-ailroad extends from Bath to Crooked lake, 5 miles; Port Kent and Keesville railroad connects the two places, H miles. The New York and Erie railroad is one of the greatest undertakings of the kind in the world. It commences at Piennont, 2i miles above New York, on the Hudson, and is to extend through the southern counties of the slate, 35!) miles, to Dunkirk, on Lake Erie. The estimated cost of the work is $5,473,000. This road is completed and in operation to Goshen, 45 miles from Piermont, and other sections of it are completed or in great progress. Hudson river and the island of Manhattan, now New York, were discovered by Henry Hudson, an Englishman, in the service of the Dutch. The first permanent settlement was made by the Dutch, on Manhattan island, in IG14. In 1664, the English, under Richard Nichols, took the coun- try for the Duke of York ; and by the peace of Breda, in 1667, the Dutch confirmed the colony to the English. In 1673, an expedition from Holland took the city of New Y'ork, and soon after the whole colony submitted. The following year the country was restored by the treaty of West- minister, and the Duke of York took out a new patent. The first legislative assembly of the province met in October, 1683. In 1693, Episcopacy was made the established religion of the province. The inhabitants of New Y'ork bore an important part in the French war, and in the war of the revolution. In September, 1776, the British captured and occupied New York, and held possession of it until the peace, in 1783. On the 26th of July, 1788, this state, in convention, adopt- ed the constitution of the United States — yeas 30 ; nays 25 ; majority, 5. New York, city, the principal city of the state of New York, and in population, commerce, and wealth, the largest city of the United States, i.s situated on the s. end of New York or Manhattan island, at the confluence of the Hudson or North river, and a strait called the East river, which connects Long Island sound with the harbor of New York. The City Hall is in 40° 42' 40" n. lat., and 71° V 8" w. Ion. from Greenwich; and 2° 51' E. Ion. from Washington. It is 86 ms. n. E. from Philadelphia ; 210 s. w. from Boston ; 225 N. E. from Washington; 670 n. e. from Charleston, S. C. ; 1,3J7 n. e. from New Orleans ; ]45 s. from Albany ; 372 s. from Montreal. The population in 1790, was 3:il31 ; in 1800, 60,489; in 1810,96,373 ; in 1820, 123,706 ; in 1830, 202,5S9 ; in 1810, 312,710. Employed in commerce, 11,365 ; in manufactures and trades, 43,390 ; in navigating the ocean, 2,7''^6 ; do. rivers, lakes, and canals, 716 ; learned professions and engineers, 2,929. The city and county have the same limits, comprising the whole island, which extends from the Battery, on the s., 13? miles, to Kingsbridge, on the N., with an average width of 1 mile and three fifths. The greatest breadth is 2 miles and one eighth, and the area of the whole island about 14,000 acres. It is separated from Ihe main land, in Westchester county, by Harlem river, a strait through which the tide flows. The strait de- nominated the East river, separates it from Long Island on the e. ; on the s. is the bay and harbor ; and on the w. is Hudson river, which separates it from New Jersey. Three bridges across Har- lem river connect the island with the main land. Several islands in the harbor, and in the East river, are attached to the city. The harbor of New York is safe and commo- dious, being about 25 miles in circumference, and vessels of the largest size come up to the wharves at the city. The entrance over the bar at Sandy Hook, has a depth of water from 21 to 27 feet ; and tlience to the city the channel is from 35 to 50 feet deep. The entrance to the harbor, between Staten Island, on the w., and Long I.sland, on the e., is culled the Narrows, which is about one third of a mile wide, and is well defended by strong fortifications. There are also batteries on Bedlow's and Ellis's islands, further up the harbor. There are strong fortifi- cations for the defence of the city on Governor's island, which contains 70 acres of ground, and is distant 3,200 feet from the city, at the Battery. Castle Williams, on the w. side of the island, is a round tower, 600 feet in circumference, and 60 feet high, with three tiers of guns. Fort Colum- bus is on the highest point of the island ; and on the e. side is a battery to defend the entrance through Buttermilk channel. A considerable United States garrison occupies the island, on which are extensive barracks. The most elevated ground on the island of New Y^ork, is 233 feet above tidewater. The city which is built extends over three miles on each river, and in its compact parts has a circum- ference of about 9 miles. The streets were originally laid out according to the surface of the ground, and some of them were crooked ; and, in imitation of European cities, many of them were narrow. But, in latter times, they have been widened and improved at a great expense ; and in Ihe newer parts of the city, comprehending a large part of it, care has been taken to lay out the streets straight, regularly, and of sufficient width. Broadway, SO feet wide, is the principal thoroughfare, and extends from the Battery, at the s., nearly 3 miles, to Union square, where it joins the Bloomingdale road and the 4th avenue, which extends through the island to Harlem. Broadway is entirely straight through ils whole course, and occupies the height of land between the North and East rivers. Greenwich-street, near the North river, commences at the Battery, and runs parallel with the river, through the whole extent of the city. It is wide and hand- somely built. Pearl-street, between Broadway and the East river, is in a crescent form, over a mile in length, contains many spacious ware- houses, and is the principal seat of the drygoods and iiardvvare business, vvhicli has also extended into Cedar and Pine, and other adjacent streets. Front and Water streets, between Pearl-street and the East river, are occupied chiefly by whole- sale grocers, commission merchants, and median- ics connected v\ith the shipping business. South- NEW 470 NEW street., extending along the margin of the East river, contains the vvareliouses and oflices of llie principal shipping merchants. Wall-street, ex- tending from Broadway to the East river, is occupied by banivs, insurance oflices, newspaper and brokers' offices — has the Merchants' Ex- chanee, and other fine granite buildings, and is the great centre of the heaviest money iransac- tiotis in the country. The Bowery is a wide and extensive street to the E. of Broadway, running N. and s., and connected with the Third avenue, which is macadamized to Harlem, and forms the great enlraiue to the city from the n. k. East Broadway, flenry, and 3Iadison s-lreels, in the N. E., and Bleecker, Bond, and other streets, in tiie N. part of the city, are beautifully built. Canal- streei, much below the centre of population, half a mile n. of tlic Cily Hall, is a wide street, with a large canal under it, from which it receives its name, is occupied by stores, and is the scat of an extensive retail trade. It crosses Broadway near- ly at right angles, and extends to the North river. In the year ISIK), the site of this street was a large pond, extending nearly across the island, and wliicli received the drainage of 400 acres of ground. This was the norihern limit of Broad- way until lyoi, and then far beyond the thickly settled parts of the cily. The principal part of the shipping lies on the East river, and a walk along South-street presents a dense Ibrest of masts. Many vessels lie also in the iS'orth river; and there are continually not less probably than from 800 to 1,000 vessels lying at the wharves and in the harbor. JNevv York is the .second commercial city in the world, and in its harbor are generally to be found ves.sels, not only from the principal ports of the United Stales, but from most of the commercial nations on the globe. Its insular situation gives it a great ex- tent of harbor, and it is rarely obstructed or much incommoded by ice. The tonnage of the port for the year 1810, was 414,817. The amount of imports for the year 1841, was $75,268,015 ; of exports, was §30,731,519. The amount of duties paid at the port, was $10.80-2, ITJ. Two lines of steamships connect New York — one with Liverpool, and the other with Southampton, Eng- land, and Antwerp, Belgium. Besides these, several lines of packets connect it with London, Liverpool, and Havre. The New York and Liverpool line consists of 20 ships of the first class, with a large capacity for freight, and elegant accommodations for passengers; and one vessel sails from each place every sixth day. The New York and London packeis consi.^t of 12 large ships, one of which sails from each place every ten days. One line of the New York and Havre packets consists of 12 ships of the first class, one of which sails from each place every eight days ; another line, of 6 ships, sails from each place monthly. Lines are also established to all the important ports on the coast of the United Stales, and many of them are steamboat lines. There are also lines to some ports in the West Indies, in Mexico, and in South America. The foreign arrivals in New York in 1841, were 2,118; the number of passengers was 57,334. The passen- gers from domestic ports by sea were 8,y;i0. The most splendid public building in the city is the Merchants' Exchange, in Wall-street, though its confined situation does not exhibit it to advantage. It covers the whole space between Wall, William, Exchange, and S. William streets — is constructed of blue Quincy granite, and is 200 feet long by 171 and 141 feet wide, and 77 feet high to the lop of the cornice, and 124 feet to the top of the dome. The front, on Wall-street, has a recessed portico of 18 massive coluimis, 3S feet high and 4 feet 4 inches in diameter, each from a solid block of stone, and weighing 43 tons. Besides numerous other rooms, the exchange in the centre is in a circular form, 80 feet in diame- ter, with 4 recesses, making the whole length and breadth 100 feet, 80 feet high, and surmount- ed by a dome, resting in part upon 8 Corinthian columns of Italian marble, 41 feet high, and light- ed by a sky-light, 25 feet in diameter. The whole cost of this building, including the ground, is es- timated at §1,800,000. Not less splendid is the Custom House, built of white marble, of the Doric order, something after the model of the Parthenon, at Athens. It occupies the site of tho old city hall, in the open gallery of which Wash- inglon was inaugurated as first president of the United Stales. It is 200 feet long, 'JO feet wide, and 80 feet high. Each of the n. and s. fronts has a portico of 8 columns, 5 feet 8 inches in di- ameter, and 32 feet high. The great busines.s hall is a splendid circular room, of 60 feet in diameter, with recesses and galleries. Exclusive of the ground on which it stands, and of its furni- ture, it cost S95l',000. The entire cost, including the ground, is estimated at §1,175,000. Both the above buildings are entirely incombustible. The City Hall, heretolbre regarded as mucli the finest building in the city, is more beautifully situated than any other, in the middle of the Park, where it shows to great advantage. It has more ornament than either the exchange or cus- tom house, but less simple grandeur. It is, how- ever, unquestionably one of the finest buildings in the United States. It is 216 feet long and 105 broad, atid has the Ionic, Corinthian, and com- posite orders rising in regular gradation. The front and both ends above the basement are built of white marble ; the rear of brown freestone. Rising from the middle of the roof is a handsome cupola, on the top of which is a colossal figure of Justice. There are some splendid rooms in the interior. The edifice cost §538,731. A large brick building in the rear of the city hall, is oc- cupied with various public offices and courts, and by the hall of the American Institute, with its library and models of machinery. The ILxIl of .lusiice occupies the whole space between Leonard, Elm, Franklin, and Centre streets, and is a unique and beautiful buililing, of the Egyptian order of architecture, constructed of a light-colored granite. It has a court and other rooms; and connected with it, in the rear, is the House of Detention. The Hall of the University of New York, in the upper part of the cily, on Washington square, is a splendid building, of Gothic architecture, ISO feet long by lOO feet wide, so situated as to appear lo great advantage. Columbia College is a handsome building, finely siluaied in the lower part of the city. Triniiy Church, on Broadway, fronting Wall-street, will, when completed, be the most complete and splendid Gothic structure in the I'nited States. St. Paul's Episcopal Church, in Broadway, with a steeple 234 feet high ; and St. John's Episcopal Church, on St. John's square, with a steeple 240 feet high, possess fine propor- tions and elegant architecture. The Dutch Church, on Washington square, is a splendid Gothic building. Many other churches, as the French Protestant Church, in Franklin- street; St. Patrick's Cathedral, in Prince street ; the Society Library, Gothic Hall, and St. Thom- as's Episcopal Church, in Broadway, and the Baptist Church, in Broomestreet, are imposing buildings. Among the hotels, several of wliich are fine NEW 471 NEW buildings, the Astor House, m Broadway, is the most distinguished. It is built of Quincy granite, and contains 390 rooms. It is said by travellers, that there is nothing of the kind, in London or Paris, which equals it. Among the public places, those most worthy of notice are the Baltery, a beaiitiful public ground, on the s. point of the island, in the form of a crescent, containing 11 acres ; the Park, in tlie centre of the lower part of the city, contain- ing lUi acres, laid out with walks, shaded with trees, and surrounded with a neat iron fence, Avhich cost $13,653. It is ornamented by a large and splendid ibuntain, supplied by the Croton water. St. John's square, in the w. part of the city, containing 4 acres, beautifully laid out with walks and trees, and surrounded by an elegant iron fence, which cost $2G,()00 ; Washington Square, H mile n. of the city hall, containing ;)f acres, which spreads before the New York Uni- versity ; Union Square, with a beautiful elliptical enclosure, at the termination of Broadway on the N., and ornamented by an elegant foimtain, sup- plied by the Croton water. Several other squares exist in the n. part of the city, not yet fully regu- lated. A large nuiiiber of the streets, stores, and other buildings of the city are lighted with gas. The e.fpense of gas and lamps in 1810, was $l'2'J,fi76: of city watch, was ^■^•23,'i50 ; and of cleaning the streets, §149,'.)31. The most splendid and expensive public work undertaken by the city, is the Croton water- works. The aqueduct commences at the Croton river, 5 ms. from Hudson r. in Westchester co. The dam is •■ibO leei long, 70 wide at bottom, and 7 at top, and 40 feet high, built of stone and ce- ment. It creates a pond 5 ms. long, covering 400 acres, and contains 500 millions of gallons of water. From the dam, the aqueduct proceeds, sometimes tunnelling through solid rocks, cross- ing valleys by embankments, and brooks by cul- verts, until it reaches Harlem r., a distance of 33 ms. It is built of stone, brick, and cement, arched over and under, 6 feet 9 inches wide at bottom, 7 feet 5 inches at the top of the side- walls, and 8 feet 5 inches high, has a descent of 13i inches per mile, and will discharge (M) mil- lions of gallons in 24 hours. It will cross Harlem r. on a magnificent bridge of stone, 1,450 feet long, with 14 piers, 8 of 80 feet span, and 7 of 50 feet span, 1 14 feet from high tidewater to the top, and which will cost $900,ti00. This bridge is in progress, and for the present the water is ijrought across the r. in an iron pipe, laid as an inverted syphon. The receiving reservoir is at 86lh St., 38 ms. from the Croton dam, and covers 35 acres, and contains 150 millions of gallons. The water is conveyed to the distributing reservoir on Mur- ray's hill, 40ih street, in iron pipes. It covers 4 acres, and is built of stone and cement, 43 feet high above the street, and holds 20 millions of gallons. Thence the water is distributed over the city in iron pipes, laid so deep under ground as to be secure from frost. The whole cost of the work will be about $12,000,000. The water is of the finest kind of river water. ?fo city in the world is now more plentifully supplied with pure and wholesome water than the city of N. York ; and the supply would be abundant, if the popu- lation were live times its present number. The Harlem railroad extends from the City Hall through Centre-street to Broome-street ; turns at right angles to the Bowery, where it tunts again nearly at right angles, and follows the Bowery to the 4th Avenue, on which it ex- tends to Harlem, 8 miles ; and it is continued several miles further to Fordham. A part of its course is a deep cut through solid rock, with a short tunnel and high embankments. It has a double track the whole length, and is the most expensive railroad, for the distance, in the United States. There are two colleges in the city. Columbia College, founded in 1750, has a president, 10 professors, about 140 students, and about 14,000 volumes in its libraries. The New York LFni- versity was founded in 1831, and has a chancel- lor, and 12 professors, about 1*25 students, and a valuable library and philosophical apparatus. The General Theological Seminary of the Epis- copal Church was established in 1819, has 5 pro- iessors, and 75 students, and 7,260 volumes in its library. The New York Theological Semi- nary was organized in 1836, has three ordinary, and 4 extraordinary professors, 108 students, and a library of 16,000 volumes. The Public School Society had, in May, 1840, 16 schools, with male and female and primary departments ; and 46 primary schools, and 22,955 scholars. The Rut- gers Female Institute, in Madison-street, is a nourishing institution, with over 450 pupils. The Mechanics' school, in Crosby-street, has 550 pupils. The Protestant Episcopal school is a llourishing institution. The College of Physicians and Surgeons, in the city of New Vork in Crosby- street, was foimded in 1807. The New York Eye Infirmary ; the New York Hospital, situated in Broadway, at the head of Pearl street ; and the New York Lunatic Asylum, are important insti- tutions ; as are tiie Deaf and Dumb Asylum, near the Harlem railroad, between the 4th and 5th Avenues, with 200 pupils, and the Institution for the Blind on the 8th Avenue, with 70 pupils. The New York Society Library, in a fine build- ing in Broadway, has 35,000 volumes ; the New York Historical Society has 10,000 volumes, with many coins and medals ; the Lyceum of Natural History has a library and museum ; the National Academy of Design, instituted in 1826, has pur- chased the statuary of the Academy of Fine Arts, which it will exhibit with its collection of the paintings of living artists ; Clinton Hall As- sociation was founded in 183D, for the promotion of literature, science, and the arts ; the Mercantile Library Association, for the special benefit of merchants' clerks, has a library of about 23,000 volumes, and an annual course of lectures through the winter ; the Apprentices' Library, founded in 1820, has 12,000 volumes, read by 1,800 appren- tices ; the American Institute, incorporated in 1833, holds a splendid annual fair, and distri- butes premiums. The New York Lyceum, founded in 183S, has a respectable library and reading room, and sustains in the winter season a very able cour;5e of lectures. The American Bible Society, instituted in 1816, received for the year ending May 13th, 1841, $118,860; the American Tract Society, founded in 1816, received $93,962. These societies have each a large building in Nassau- street. The Home Missionary Society received $85,413; the American Board of Commissioners received $235,189; the American and Foreign Bible Society (Baptist) received $26,001 ; the Baptist Home Missionary Society received $ 10,779. Most of these societies hold an anniver- sary in N. York in May. The Methodists have a large and extensive book-concern. There are many other religious and benevolent societies. There are 168 churches in the city o." New York, viz : 13 Dutch Reformed, 2 German Re- formed, 27 Episcopal, 24 Presbyterian, 3 Con- gregational, 3 Reformed Presbyterian, 4 Asso- NEW 472 NEiW ciate Reformed, 3 Agsociate churches, 18 Bap- tist, 1 Welch Baptist, 17 Methodist Episcopal, 1 Ind. Methodist, 3 Associate Protestant 3Iethodist, 2 Primitive Methodist, 1 Calvini&tic 3Iethodisi, I German Methodist, 3 Lutheran, 1 Moravian, 4 Friends, 3 Universalist, 2 Unitarian, 1 Mariners, II Roman Catholic, 7 Jews' Synagogues, 2 iVcvv Jerusalem, 1 Chrisl-ian, 1 Providence (Impel, 1 Congregation of Disciples, 1 Congregation of Primitive Christians, 1 Mormon or Latter- Day Saints, and 9 African, viz, 1 Episcopal, 2 Baptist, 2 Presbyterian, and 4 Methodist. Tliere are in the city about 30 banks, with an aggregate capital of about $30,000,000 ; 10 marine nisurance companies, with a capital of $3,800,000 ; 22 fire insurance companies, with a capital of lii6,3G;),0(iO. There are 4 banks for savings. There were in 1810, in the city, 417 commercial houses and 918 commission houses engaged in foreign trade, with a capital of $45,y41,200; 3,620 retail drygoods and other stores, with a cap. of .$14,048,595; 01 lumber yards, with a cap. of $731,5ciO ; 4 furnaces have a cap. of ,S23,0>jO ; machinery manufactured to the amount of $1,150,000; hardware and cutlery, $135,300; precious metals, $'J32,760 ; of various metals, $1,087,800; 18 cotton fac. and 2 dyeing and printing eslab., with a cap. of .$01,300 ; I spermaceti oil and candle fac, cap. $100,000 ; II distilleries and 15 breweries, witli a total cap. of $575,070 ; paints, drugs, &c., with a cap. of $04^,050; 3 glass fac. and glass cutting estab., with a cap. of $53,000 ; 1 paper facv ; 7 sugar refi- neries, jiroduced articles to the value of $385,000 ; rope walks, cap. $'.),800 ; 2 grist m., 8 saw m., cap. $140,800; cabinet furniture to the amount of $910,075. There were built 542 brick and stone, and 59 wooden houses, to the value of $1,889,100; 113 pruning ofliccs, 43 binderies, 18 daily, 45 weekly, and 5 semi-weekly newspa- pers, and 28 periodicals, employed 2,029 persons, and a cap. of $1,235,320. Total capital in manu- fac. $11,228,894. There were 4 colleges, 430 etudents, 148 acad. or grammar sch., 7,207 schol- ars, 209 com. and primary schools, 32,867 schol- ars. The city has 6 theatres, 2 museums, and a large number of other places of amusement. Four steam ferries connect the city to Brooklyn, 3 to Williamsburg, 2 to Jersey City, and 3 to Hoboken ; iu wliich ))laces Tiumbers of those doing business in tiie city, reside. There are not more than 5 orO cities in Europe more populous thiin New York, viz : London, Paris, Constaniinople, iSt. Petersburgh, Naples, and perhaps Vienna. The government of the city is in the hands of a mayor and common council. The city is di- vided into 17 wards, each of which elects an alderman, an assistant alderman, two assessors, one collector, and two constables. New York was settled in 1012 by the Dutch, and in 1023 they built a fort at the s. point of the island, and in 1042 a Dutch church within the fort. In 1004 the city was surrendered to the British. In 10S8, the assessors" valuation of property in the whole city, was 78,231/. The British had possession of tlie city during most ol the revolutionary war. They evacuated it Nov. 25th, 1783, when the troops under Gen. Wash- ington entered ii. The first congress met iiere in 1785 ; and here Washington was inaugurated as first President in the United Slates, April 30th, 1789. The yellow fever prevailed in 17'J5 and 1805 ; and the cholera in 1832, when 2,467 persons died in July, and 2,200 in August. On the night of December 16th, 1835, a dreadful fire swept over 40 acres, covered with stores filled with valuable merchandise, and destroyed pro- perty to the amount of nearly $18,0i;o,0 )0. The burni. district has been entirely rebuilt with in- creased convenience and beauty. New YoiiK, p-v., Switzerland co., la., 103 s. E. Indianapolis, 544 W. Situated on the N. bank of Ohio r., 8 nis. e. Vevay. New Y'ork Milj.s, p-v., Whitcstown t., Oneida CO., N. ¥., 90 w. N. w. Albany, 392 \V. Situated on Sadaquada cr., which affords good water power, it contains 2 cinirches, 3 stores, a large cotton fac., with 2 extensive stone buildings, con- taining 400 looms, and with a dyeing and bleach- ing establishment, employing 400 persons. The buildings and machinery cost .'5i275,(10l>, and it is one of the most extensive establishments of the kind in the state. The v. contains 150 dwell- ings, and about 900 inhabitants. NuGARA, county, N. \. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 484 sq. ms. Lake Ontario bounds it on the n., and Niagara r. on the w. The country rises gradually from the lake shore, to the mountain ridge, from 7 to 12 ms. distant, and between this ridge and the lake is the Ridge road, 3 or 4 ms. n. of the mountain ridge, consisting of an arched surface, composed of sand and gravel, elevated 13J feet above the surface of the lake. Watered by Tonawanda cr. The surface on the s. is diversified ; soil, generally fertile, adapted to grass and to grain. Capital, Lockport. There were in 1840, neat cattle 20,752, sheep 40,531, swine 2S,344; wheat 451,823 bush, produced, Ind. corn 158,402, buck- wheat 13.578, barley 47,780, oats 215,591, pota- toes 288,0.)2, sugar 44,059 pounds; 128 stores, cap. $309,245 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $800 ; 1 fur- nace, fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 6 tanneries, 2 distillerie, 2 breweries, 1 pottery, 5 flouring m., 9 grist m., 45 saw in., 1 oil ra., 1 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 3 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $115,980. 7 acad. 5j6 students, 138 sch. 7,998 scholars. Pop. 31,132. NiAc.vRA, t., Niagara co., N. Y., 10 w. Lockport, 298 w. Albany. The surface is undulating ; soil, calcareous, gravelly loam, underlaid with limestone and gyp-'Uin. It is situated on the mountain ridge, and is bounded w. by Niagara r. It contiiins the grand Falls of Niagara, and Goat island, and some smaller islands in the r. It has 5 stores, cap. $15,150 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 1 paper m., 1 gri^t ra., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $39,8J0. 4 sch. 254 scholars. Pop. 1,277. NiAGAKA, r. and falls, N. Y. The r., which connects Lake Eric with Lake Ontario, is about 36 ms. long, and llows from s. to n. At its egress from I^ake i^ric, it is three quarters of a mile wide, and from 40 to 60 feet deep, and flows with a current of about 4 ms. an hour. As it proceeds, the r. widens to or 8 ms., embracing several islands, the principal of which are Grand island, 12 ms. long, and from 2 to 7 ms. wide, well wooded, and reaching to within li m. of the falls ; and Navy island, much smaller, cele- brated in the events of the late Canadian rebel- lion. The Falls of Niagara are about 22 ms. below Lake Erie, and 14 above Lake Ontario, and are one of the greatest natural curiosities in the world. When the traveller first arrives at the spot, he stands and gazes, and is lost in ad- miration. The mighty volume of water which forms the outlet of the great Lakes Superior, •Michigan, Huron, and Erie, is here precipitated over a precipice 100 feet high, with a roar like that of thunder, which may be heard, in favora- ble circumstances, to the distance of 15 miles. NIC 473 NIM though, at times, the falls may be nearly ap- preached without perceiving much to indicate a tremendous cataract in the vicinity. In conse- quence of a bend in the r., the principal weight of water is thrown on the Canadian side, down what is called the Horse-shoe fall, which name has become inappropriate, as the edge of the precipice has ceased to be a curve, and forms a moderately acute angle. Near the middle of the fall, Goat island, containing 75 acres, extendi to the brow of the precipice, dividing the r. into 2 parts ; and a small projecting mass of rock at a little distance from it, toward the American shore, again divides the cataract on that side. Goat island, at the lower end, presents a perpendicular mass of rocks, extending from the bottom to the top of the precipice. A bridge has been con- structed from the American shore to Bath island ; and another connects the latter with Goat island, and a tower is erected on the brow of the Horse- shoe fall, approached from Goat island by a short bridge, on which the spectator seems to stand over tlie edge of the mighty cataract, and which affords a fine view of this part of it. The distance at the fall from the American shore to Goat island, is 65 rods ; across the front of G lat island, is 7S rods ; around the Horse-shoe fall, on the Canadian side, 144 rods ; directly across the Horse shoe, 7t rods. The height of the fall near the American shore is 163 feet ; near Goat island on the same side, 153 feet ; near Goat island on the Canada side, 151 feet. Table rock, a shelv- ing projection on the Canadian side, at the edge of the precipice is 150 feet high. This place is generally thought to present the finest view of the falls ; though if the spectator will visit the tower on the opposite side on Goat island at sun- rise, when the whole cavity is enlightened by the sun, and a complete rainbow is presented in the rising spray, he cannot desire any thing finer. A covered stairway on the American side, descends from the top to the boUom of the precipice. It has been computed that 100 mil- lion tons of water are discharged over the preci- pice every hour. The rapids commence about a mile above the falls, and the water descends 57 feel before it arrives at the cataract. The view from the bridge to Goat island, of the troubled water dashing tumultuously over the rocks, is terrific. While curiosity constitutes an attribute of the human character, these falls will be frequented by admiring and delighted visiters, as one of the grandest exhibitions in nature. Ni.\G\R.\ Falls, p-v., Niagara t. and co., N. Y., 2i)7 vv. by n. Albany, 4'J3 \V. Situated on the E. side of Niagara r. at the falls, and contains 2 churches, 1 male and 1 female institute, G hotels, 9 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 paper m., 1 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 2 machine shops, 00 dwellings, and about 750 inhabitants. Railroads from Buffalo and from Lockport meet at this place. NiANGUA, county, Mo. Situated s. w. of the centre of the state, and contains 576 sq. miles. Drained by Niangua r. Capital, Buffalo Head. NiccoTToo, p-o., Arkansas co.. Ark. Nicholas, county, Va. Centrally situated toward the vv. part of the state, and contains 1,430 sq. ma. Drained by Gauley and Elk rivers and their branches. The Great Kanawha runs on its s. vv. border. Capital, Summersville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,0i)5, sheep 4,863, swine 5,332; wheat 4,451 bush, produced, rye 3,222, Indian corn 56,327, buckwheat 861, oats 37,733, potatoes 11,354, tobacco 3,913 pounds; 3 stores, cap. $40,000 ; 2 tanneries, 20 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in maitufac. $6,825. 3 ech. 77 60 scholars. Pop. whites 2,440, slaves 72, free col'd 3; total, 2,515. Nicholas, county, Ky. Situated in the N. E. part of the state, and contains 35.) sq. ms. Wa- tered by Licking r. and its branches. Capital, Carlisle. There were in ISiO, neat cattle 8,121, sheep 19,067, swine 29,li7; wheat 6;),7o5 bush, produced, rye 25,315, Indian corn 613,804, oats 77,0:^6, potatoes 6,949, tobacco 47,633 pounds, sugar 57,020; 16 stores, cap. lii77,6:U ; 1 woollen fac, 5 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 19 grist ra., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $65,638. 2.i sch. 501 scho- lars. Pop. whites 7,310, slaves 1,253, free coi'd 182 ; total, 8,715. Nicholas, C. H., p-v., capital of Niclwlas co., Va., 310 w. by n Richmond, 322 W. NiciioLASVfLLn, p-v., capiialof Jessamine CO., Ky., 36 s. E. Frankfort, 534 W. Situated on a small branch of Kentucky r. It contains a court house, jail, 2 academies, and 631 inhabitants. Nichols, p-t., Tioga co., N. Y., 8 s. vv. Owego, 170 vv. s. vv. Albany, 263 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly loam, with extensive and I'ertile flats on Susquehanna r., which bounds it on the N. The v. is situated on the s. side of Susquehanna r., and contains 1 Baptist and 1 i^Iethodist church, an academy, 6 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 tannery, 60 dwelling.^, and about 100 inhabitants. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. ^3!9,- itant.s. Nimmon's Cross Roads, p-o., Delaware co, O., 36 N. Columbus, 406 W. NOB 474 NOR Nine Mile Prairie, p-o., Perry co., 111., 15G S. Springfield, 831 W. INiNiiVEH, p-v., Colesville t., Broome co., N. Y., 116 w. s. w. Albany, 310 W. 8iluateil on the w. side of Susquelianna river, and coniain.s 2 stores, 20 dwelling.-*, and about l;ij inliabitants. Nineveh, pc, Warren co., Va., 146 n. n. vv. Richmond, 77 VV. Ni.NEVKH, p-v., Johnson co., la., 28 s. Indian- apolis, 587 VV. Nii'PENOSE, p-t., Lycoming co.. Pa., 96N.IIar- risburg, 206 VV. Tlie surliice is hilly; soil, cal- careou.s loam. Nippenose cr. runs on its w. boundary, and the n. branch of the Susquehanna r. on lis N. border. It has 1 grist in., 2 saw m. Cap. ill manulac. $2,000. 3 sell. 70 scholars. Pop. 319. Nlshnebatoxa, r., 3Io., is a small r. which en- ters the Mis.souri r. on the N. side, in the n. w. corner of the s'ate. NisKAYUNA, t., Schenectady co., N. Y., 4 e. Schenectady, 12 n. w. Albany. The surface is moderately hilly, along the 3Iohawk r., which bound-s it on the .\., but is more level and sandy toward the s. It has 2 stores, cap. $2, JOO ; 1 giisi m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,100. 3sch. 94 scholars. Pop. 693. NiTTA.NY, p-o.. Centre co., Pa., 93 n. w. Har- risburg, 185 W. Ni.xiiURGii, p-v., Coosa co., Ala., 129 e. s. e. Tuscaloo-sa, 812 VV^ Ni.von's, p-o., Randolph co., N. C, 81 w. Ra- leigh, 33i W. A'oAH, p-o., Shelby co., la., 31 s. e. Indianap- olis, 5.39 VV. Noah's Fork, p-o., Coffee co., Tenn., 53 s. e. Nashville, 662 VV. NoA.NK, p-o.. New London co., Ct., 52 s. e. Hartibrd, 361 VV. Noble, county, la. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 432 sq. nis. Drained by Elkhart and Tippecanoe rivers. It has a num- ber of small lakes. Capital, Augusta. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,802, sheep 1,585, Bwine 6,864 ; wheat 18,319 bush, produced, Ind. corn 66,716, oats 20,551, potatoes 22,377 ; 7 stores, cap. $16,700; 1 pottery, 4 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manulac. $1,6-^8. 8 sch. Ill scholars. Pop. 2,702. Noble, C. H., p-v, capital of Noble co., la., 159 N. N. e. Indianapohs, 578 W. Situated in Augusta v., a little n. e. of Elkhart r. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 grist m., 1 saw m.,2 sch. 16 scholars. Pop. 240. Noble, t., iMorgan co., O. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,000; 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,200. 8 sch. 250 scholars. Pop. 1,308. Noble, t., Shelby co., (). It has 1 store, rap. $1,000; 1 tannery, 3 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $4,450. 2 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 1,391. NoRLEiiOROiuiii, p-t., Lincoln co., 3Ie., 32 s. e. Augusta, 600 W. Situated on the e. side of Damariscolta pond and r. The outlet of Dama- riscotta pond affords water power, where are mills, and a small v. on the borders of New Cas- tle, containing a neat Roman Catholic church. At the bridge, at the head of navigation on Dam- ariscotta r., is a con.^iderable v., which has seve- ral stores. Ship building; is extensively carried on, on the r. T here are in the t., 23 stores, cap. $51,500 ; 9 lumber yards, cap. $62,000 ; 2 tanne- ries, 11 saw m. C^ap. in manulac. $2,050. 9 sch. 873 scholars. Pop. 2,210. NoBLESTOvv.v, p-v.. Fayette t., Alleghany co.. Pa., 10 s. w. Pittsburg, 214 w. Harrisburg, 23s W. Situated on a branch of Chariier's cr., and contains 1 store, and about 2b -d-weUiiign. { NoBLEsviLLE, p-v., capital of Hamilton co^ la., 20 N. E. Indianapolis, 574 VV. Situated on the E. bank of the w. fork of While r. It con- tains a court house, 1 Methodist church, 3 stores, and about 200 inhabitants. NocKAJii.xoN, p-t., Bucks CO., Pa., 14 n. Doyles- town, 40 N. Philadelphia. Tiie surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly. Uelavvare r. runs on its e. border and has banks composed of high perpendicular rocks of red sandstone, below which are some extensive swamps. Gallows run flows into the Delaw'are on its .n. boundary. It has 4 stores, cap. $6,500 ; 7 potteries, 2 gri.^t m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,321. 2 sch. 71 scholars. Pop. 2,055. NouDAWAV, r., 3Io., rises in Iowa ter., and after a course of about 200 ms., enters the Missouri r on the E. side, in the n. w. part of the state. NoDDAWAY, p-t., Buchanan co.. Mo. 1,169. NoLACHUCKY, r., N. C. and Tenn., rises on the w. side of the Blue Ridge, in Buncombe co., N. C, and flowing hito Tenn., it enters French Broad r. Noland's Ferry, p-o., Loudon co., Va., 161 N. Richmond, 42 W. Situated a little above the mouth of Monocacy r. Nolen, p-o., Hardin co., Ky., 89 s. w. Frank- fort, 631 VV. Nolens VI LLE, p-v., Williamson co., Tenn., 17 s. by E. Nashville, 693 W. No 3lAiN's Land, island, Dukes CO., Mass., lies off the s. w. end of iMartha's Vineyard, 7s. Gay- head. It consists chiefly of a mass of roclia. NoNco.N.NER, p-o., Fayette co., Tenn. NoRFiEi.u, p-v., Weston t., Fairfield co., Ct., 74 s. w. Hartford, 275 VV. It has 1 Congrega- tional church. Norfolk, county, Mass. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 400 sq. ms. The surface is moderately uneven, and rocky ; soil, generally fertile, and highly cultivated. Water- ed by Neponset and Charles rivers, and their tributaries. A fine granite is found in Quincy, from which quarry a railroad extends to Nepon- set r., the first railroad built in the United State.?. The Boston and Providence railroad passes through the co. Capital, Uedham. There were in 1840, neat cattle 15,110, sheep 2,297, swine 12,411; wheat 3,341 bush, produced, rye 19,866, Ind. corn 99,123, buckwheat 2,878, barley 18,902, oats 17,063, potatoes 425,961 ; 15 commercial and 22 commission houses in foreign trade, capital $326,000; 331 stores, cap. $1,73?,650; 17 lumber yards, capital $135,400 ; value of hardware, cut- lery, &,c., manufactured, .$191,030; invested in fisheries, $'J0,5J0 ; 9,400 bush, of salt produced ; 4 furnaces, 5 tbrges, 4 fulling m., 15 woollen fac, 38 cotton fac. 30,237 sp., 21 tanneries, 1 pottery, 6 rope fac, 1 flouring m., 44 grist m., 59 saw m., 13 paper fac, 7 printing offices, 3 bhideries, 4 weekly newspapers. Capital in manufactures $2,s3t,l80. 46 acad. 1,473 students, 197 schools 11,776 scholars. Pop. 53,140. Norfolk, county, Va. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and contains 544 square miles. Drained by Elizabeth and Pasquotank rivers. It contains the greater part of the Dismal swamp. 1 iampton roads lies on its n. bonier. Capital, Norlblk. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,248, sheep 2,943, swine 18,615; wheat 2,7^7 bushels produced, Ind. corn 260,215, oats 34,745, potatoes 35,490, cotton 1,000 pounds; 8 commission and 9 commercial houses, cap. $204,500 ; 1 16 stores, cap. $1,781,350 ; 1 tannery, 10 grist m., 2 saw m., 4 printing oflices, 1 bindery, 2 daily, 4 weekly, and 3 semi-weekly news]iapers. Cap. in manu- fac. $249,700. 19"acad. 545 students, 21 schools 535 scholars. Pop. whites 11,280, slaves 7,845, free col'd 1,%7 ; total, 21,092. NOR 475 NOR Norfolk, p t., Litchfield co., Ct., 36 w. n. w. Hartford, 314 VV. The surface is elevated and mountainous ; soil, gravelly loam, adapted to grazing. Blackberry r. runs through the t., and lias, a little w. of the central v., a fall of 30 feet, afTording water power, where are some mills. This V. has a neat Congregational church, with a public square in front of it, and a number of dwellings. A mile n. is another v., containing 2 woollen fac, and 3 scythe fac. Both villages contain about 30 dwellings. It has 3 stores, cap. $19,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 1 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §64,670. 1 acad. 132 students. 11 sch. 371 scholars. Pop. 1,3'J3. Norfolk, p-t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 234 N. N. w. Albany, 513 W. The surface is undu- lating ; soil, a fertile loam. Drained by Racket r. and its tributaries. The v. is situated on Racket r., and contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 3 stores, 3 furnaces, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 tannery, 2 trip-hammer works, 1 sat- inet fac, 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. §16,200 ; 2 fur- naces, 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,805. 13 sch. 644 scholars. Pop. 1,728. Norfolk, p-b., port of entry, and capital of Norfolk CO., Va., on tlie n. e. bank of Elizabeth r., just below the confluence of ils 2 branches, 8 ms. above its entrance into Hampton roads, and 32 ms. from the ocean, 1 10, by water, below Citv point, 106 E. s. E. Richmond," 230 W., 36° ,50' 50"" N. lat., and 76° 18' 47" w. Ion. The situation is low, the streets are crooked and irregular, and most of the houses are not remarkable for ele- gance. It has a court house, jail, a market house, a theatre, 2 banks, 2 insurance offices, an acad- emy, an orphan asylum, an atheneum, with a respectable library, and, in the vicinity, a marine hospital, and a U. S. navy yard. At the latter is a dry dock, constructed of hewn granite, which cost $974,536. There are 8 churches — 2 Episco- pal, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, 2 Methodist, 1 Roman Catholic, and 1 African. The harbor is spacious and safe, having 18 feet water. The entrance to it is over a mile v^ide, and is defended by forts Monroe and Calhoun. It has more for- eign commerce than any other place in the state. The tonnage in 1840 was 19,079. The Dismal Swamp canal connects Chesapeake bay with Albemarle sound, and opens an extensive water communication from Norfolk to the south. There were in this place in 1840, 8 for. commercial and 8 commission houses, cap. $202,000 ; 35 retail stores, cap. $1,590,500; 2 printing offices, 1 bind- ery, 2 daily and 1 semi-weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $178,300. 18 acad. 515 students, 17 sch. 604 scholars. Pop. 1830, 9,816 ; 1840, 10,920. Norman's Kill, N. Y., rises in Schenectady CO., and enters the Hudson in Bethlehem t., 2i ms. s. Albany. It affords good water power near its mouth. NoRRiDGEWocK, p-t., Capital of Somerset co.. Me., 32 N. Augusta, 627 W. Suuated on both sides of Kennebec r. The surface is moderately hilly; soil, generally fertile, adapted to grain. The V. is pleasantly situated on the n. side of Kennebec r,, across which is a fine bridge, con- necting it with a v. on the s. side. It contains a court house, jail, a Congregational church, and a female academy. Its trade is extensive with the back country. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. $18,500; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 grist ra., 1 saw ni,, 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $13,725. 1 acad. 25 students, 20 Bch. 835 scholars Pop. 1,865. NoRRiSTOw.v, p-b., Norriton t., capital of Montgomery co.. Pa., 91 e. by s. Harrisburg, 154 W. Situated on the n. side of Schuylkill r. It contains a court house, jail, and public offices, of stone, an academy, of brick, a Presbyterian church, of stone, an Episcopal church, of Gothic architecture, of stone, a library of 1,200 vols., a literary society, with a cabinet of natural history, and about 400 dwellings. A bridge across the Sciiuylkill, resting on stone piers, is 800 feet long, with abutments of 1,050 feet, and cost $31,200. The streets are handsomely graded, and the sidewalks extensively laid with bricks or flagging-stones. Here is a dam across the Schuylkill, creating a great water power. It has 14 stores, cap. ^'^S.OtX) ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $20,000; 1 forge, 3 cotton fac. 19,064 sp., 1 tan- nery, 2 printing offices, 2 semi-weekly newspa- pers, 2 flouring m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac $297,475. 1 acad. 33 students, 6 sch. 600 schol- ars. Pop. 2.937. NoRRisTOWN, p-v., Carroll co., O., 130 e. n. e Columbus. 299 VV. NoRRisTowN, p-v., capital of Pope co.. Ark., 71 N. w. Little Rock, 1,136 W. NoRRisviLLE, p-v., Wilcox CO., Ala., 103 s. Tuscaloosa, 895 W. NoRRisTONviLLE, p-v., Montgomery co., Pa., 93 E. Harrisburg, 158 W. Norriton, t., Montgomery co., Pa. The surface is level ; soil, red shale, and fertile. Drained by small streams, flowing into Schuyl- kill r. The b. is situated on Schuylkill r., and possesses great water power, derived from the dam, constructed here by the Schuylkill Naviga- tion Company. The t. has 4 stores, cap. $4,000; 1 lumber yard, cap. $3,000 ; 2 cotton fac. 1,552 sp., 1 tannery, 6 grist m., 2 saw m., 2 oil ni. Cap. in manuj'ac. $5,337. 3 schools 80 scholars. Pop. 1,411. North Adams, p-v., Adams t., Berkshire co., Mass., 126 w. N. w. Boston, 393 W. It contains 3 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — a bank, printing offices, numerous mills and factories, and about 2,000 inhabitants. It is the largest manufacturing v. in the co. (See Adams t.) North Adams, p-o., Adams t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 169 N. w. Albany, 410 W. North Adrian, p-o., Adrian t., Lenawee co., Mich. North Almond, p-o.. Almond t., Alleghany CO., N. Y., 250 w. by s. Albany, 325 W. North Amherst, p-v., Amherst t., Hampshire CO., Mass., 88 w. Boston, 3S8 W. It has 1 Con- gregational church, 2 scythe fac, and several stores and dv^elliugs. Northampton, county. Pa. Situated in the E. part of the slate, and contains 1,100 square ms. The surface is uneven or mountainous ; soil, highly productive. Delaware r. bounds it on the E. Drained by the Lehigh river, and numerous small creeks, flowing into Delaware r. It con- tains much wild and picturesque scenery. Cap- ital, Easton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 19,471, sheep 19,207, swine 36,163 ; wheat289,695 bush, prod., rye 526,157, Ind. corn 276,773, buck- wheat 82,191, barley 12,650, oats 244,760, pota- toes 203,600; 163 stores, cap. $650,150; 20 lum- ber yards, cap. $55,200 ; 6 furnaces, 4 forges, 8 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 24 tanneries, 16 distil- leries, 4 l)revveries, 3 powder m., 1 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 2 binderies, 5 weekly newspa- pers, 29 flouring m., 65 grist m., 69 saw m., 5 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $872,335. 2 colleges, 68 students, 9 acad. 601 students, 76 schools 3,445 scholars. Pop. 40,996. NOR 476 NOR Northampton, county, Va. Sit>iated on the s. part of the eastern shore, having the Atlantic on llie E., and (^hesapeake bay on the w. It contains 32 ) sq. ms. The surface is diversified, and tiie shore his numerous small creeks, and several islands along the Atlantic. Capital, East- ville. There were in 1840, neat cuttle 4,574, sheep 5,453, swine 12,'269 ; wheat 279 bush, pro- duced, Indian corn 290,718, oats 197,058, potatoes 5!,5!(), cotton 6,003, sugar 685 pounds ; 16 stores, cap. $39.5;)0; 26 grist m., I saw m., 8 oil m. (^ap. in manufac. $40,6^0. 7 sch. 186 scholars. Pop. whites 3,341, slaves 3,620, free col'd 754; total, 7,715. Northampton, county, N. C. Situated toward the N. E. part of the state, and contains 516 sq. ms. Roanoke r. runs on its s. w. border, and Meherrin r. on its n. e. border. The soil is gen- erally fertile. Capital, Jackson. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,427, sheep 5,965, swine 40,545 : wheat 20,308 bush, produced, rye 3,125, Indian com 716,050, oats 78,650, potatoes 38,600; tobac- co 66,061 pounds, cotton 5,210,724 ; 10 stores, cap. $50,000 ; 15 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $10,400. 1 acad. 22 students, 10 sch. 147 scholars. Pop. whites 5,818, slaves 6,759, free colored 792 ; total, 13,369. Northampton, t., Rockingham co., N. H., 50 s. E. by E. Concord, 9 s. by w. Portsmouth. Drained by Little and Winnicut rivers. Incor- porated in 1742. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 3 .saw m., 3 sch. 180 schol- ars. Pop. 8--i5. NoRTiiA.MPTON, t., Peoria co.. 111. It has 1 6ch. 20 scholars. Pop. 3 16. Northampton, p-t., capital of Hampshire co., Mass., on the w. bank of Connecticut r., 17 n. by w. Springfield, 93 w. Boston, 67 e. Albany, 39 N. HartfoVd, Ct., 380 W. 42° 19' 8" n. lat., and 72° 38' 21" w. Ion. This beautiful t. was the third settled on Connecticut r. Incorporated in 1651. The surface is varied, and the soil good, particularly the extensive meadows on the river. Tiie village is haiid.somely built, having many elegant houses. The public buildings are a court house, jail, and 5 churches, some of which are spacious and handsome — 2 Congregational, 1 Baptist, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Unitarian — and a female seminary. The Round Hill School is a celebrated seminary, on the plan of a German gymnasium. There is a bank and an insurance CO. A fine bridge, 1,030 feel long, and 26 wide, supported on piers, some of them 40 feet high from the bottom of the river, completed in Ls26,' connects this place with Iladley. A canal, which here joins Connecticut r., connects North- ampton with rSew Haven, Ct. Jlount Tom, in this t., and Mount Holyokeon the oppo.site side of the r., are lofty smiimits, often visited for their commanding pro.'-pects. A stream passes through the centre of the t. which affords good water power. There were in 1840, 3i stores, cap. $125,700; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, cap. $110,000; 1 tannery, 1 (louring m., 3 grist m., 11 Baw m., 1 paper fac, 4 printing oHices, 2 binde- ries, 3 weekly papers. Oap. in manufactures $254,800. 1 acad. 56 students, 21 sch. 937 schol- ars. Pop. 183), 3,613; 1810,3,750. NoRTHA.MPTox, p-t., Fulton CO., N. Y., 18 n. K. Johnstown, 47 n. w. Albany, 415 W. The surface is mostly level ; soil, sand, and sandy loam. Watered by Sacandaga river and its branches. In the s. part is a marshy tract, oc- casionally overllowcd by the Sacandaga r. and other streams, of from 5 to 20,000 acres, which produces large grass, and furnishes an extensive range for cattle. At the coniluence of May- field cr. with Sacandaga r. stands the village of Fish House. There are in the t. 10 stores, cap. $11,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §24,800. 8 sch. 278 scholars. Pop. I,5i6. Northampton, t., Burlington co., N.J. The surface is generally level; soil, sand, and sandy loam, in the n. w. part fertile, in the s. and s. e. parts covered with pine and oak forests, and sterile. Drained by Rancocus cr., and tributaries of Little Egg Harbor river. It contains Mount Holly v., the capital of the county. The t. has 29 stores, cap. $112,100; 3 lumber yards, cap. §9,000; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 2,530 sp., 2 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 1 pottery, 2 paper fac, 2 binderies, 2 weekly newspapers, 7 grist m., 11 sawm. Cap. in manufac. $238,100. 4 acad. 91 students, 6 sch. 386 scholars. Pop. 6,813. Northampto.n, t., Bucks co., Pa., 10 s. e. Doylestown, 20 n. Philadelphia. The surface is level ; soil, a fertile loam. Drained by branches of Neshaminy cr. It has 3 stores, cap. $9,000; 4 grist m., 3 sch. 114 scholars. Pop. 1,694. Northampton, t., Lehigh county. Pa. It is a small t. which surrounds the borough of Al- lentown. The surface is level ; soil, calcareous loam. It has 1 store, cap. $4,000 ; 1 flourmg m. Cap. in manufac. $10,300. 1 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 293. North Andover, p-v., Andover t., Essex co., Mass., 23 N. Boston, 456 W. Situated near the s. end of Great Pond, which covers 450 acres, the outlet of which, into Merrimac r., affords water power. It contains a Congregational and a Unitarian church, and a woollen fac North Argyle, p-o., Argyle t., Washington CO., N. Y., 50 N. N. E. Albany, 420 W. North Ashford, p-v., Ashford t., W'ind- ham CO., Ct., 35 e. n. e. Hartford, 371 W. It has 1 Baptist church. North Attlegorough, p-v., Attleborough t., Bristol CO., Mass., 38 s. by e. Boston, 412 W. It has 1 Baptist church and several factories. North Bangor, p-v., Bangor t., Penobscot CO., Me., 71 E. N. E. Augusta, 667 W. North Barnstead, p-o., Barnstead t., Belk- nap CO., N. H. North Barton, p-o., Barton t., Tioga co., N. Y., 185 \v. s. w. Albany. IS^orth Beaver, t., Beaver co.. Pa. The surface is undulating ; soil, a fertile calcareous loam. Drained by Hickory cr. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,400; 4 tanneries, 5 distillerie.-!, 1 flouring m., 6 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $34,350. 14sch. 431 sch. Pop. 2,293. North Bkcket, p-v., Becket t., Berkshire co., Mass., 128 Boston, 392 W. North Belgrade, p-o., Belgrade t., Kenne- bec CO., Me., 17 N. e. Augusta, 613 W. North Belmont, p-o., Belmont t., Waldo co., Me., 35 E. by n. Augusta, 631 W. North Bend, p-o., Macon co., 111., 78 E. Springfield, 705 W. North Benningto.n, p-o., Bennington t. and CO., Vt., 121 s. w. by s. Montpelier, 411 W. North Benton, p-o., Columbiana co., O., 147 N. E. by E. ('olumbus, 300 W. North Bergen, p-o., Bergen t., Genesee CO., N. Y., 240 w. by n. Albany, 331 Washing- ton. North Berwick, p-t., York co.. Me., 89 s. w. Augusta, 506 W. It has 4 stores, cap. $ 30 • ; 4 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac §0,230. 17 sch 568 scholars. Pop. 1,461. NOR 477 NOR North Bethel, p-o., Oxford co., Me., 55 w. Augusta, 61 1 W. North Big Flats, p-o., Big Flats t., Che- mung CO., N. Y., 203 w. s. w. Albany, 2-17 W. North Blanford, p o., Blaiiford t., Hampden CO., Mass., 114 w. by s. Boston, 374 W. North Blenheim, p o., Blenheim t., Scho- harie CO., N. Y., 47 w. Albany, 375 W. North Bloomfield, p v.. West Bloomfield t., Ontario co., N. Y., 212 w. Albany, 358 W. Situated on Honeoye cr., and contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 woollen fac, 1 clothier's works, 1 fur- nace, 2 machine shops, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. North Bloomfield, p-o., Bloomfield t., Trumbull co., O., 178 n. e. Columbus, 319 W. North Blue Hill, p-o.. Blue Hill t., Han- cock CO., Me., 69 E. Augusta, 665 W. North Boothbay, p-v., Boothbay t., Lincoln CO., Me., 35 s. s. e. Augusta, 596 W. Northborough, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 33 w. Boston, 403 W. Watered by Assabet r., which affords water power. Incorporated in 1766. It contains a Congregational, Baptist, and a Unitarian church. It has 3 stores, cap. $2, 100; 1 fulling m., 2 cotton fac. 2,052 sp., 1 tannery, 6 grist ra., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $75,i00. 2 acad. 45 students, 6 sch. 368 scholars. Pop. 1,348. North Boston, p-o., Boston t, Erie co., N. v., 303 w. Albany, 366 W. North Branch, p-o., Hillsboro' co., N. H., 26 s. Concord, 456 W. North Branch, p-o., Somerset co., N. J., 35 N. Trenton, 206 W. North Branford, p-t. New Haven co., Ct. It has 7 sch. 140. Pop. 1,016. North Bridge, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 39 s. w. by w. Boston, 406 W. Watered by Black- stone and Mumford rivers, which afford exten- sive water power. The soil is mostly rocky and rough, but is fertile, particularly on the rivers, where are fine intervales. Incorporated in 1772. Blackstone canal passes ihrough the t. on the w bank of Blackstone r. It con ains 4 churches — 2 Congrogaiional, 1 Methodist, and 1 Friends. It has 3 stores, cap. $12,i)00; 6 cotton fac. 10,100 sp., 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,100. 8 sch. 350 scholars. Pop. 1,449. North Bridgeto.v, p-o., Bridgeion t., Cum- berland CO., Me., 60 s. w. by w. Augusta, 5S1 W. North Bridgewater, p-t., Plymouth co., Mass., 22 s. by e. Boston, 43S W. The surface is level ; soil, in some parts very fertile. The v. contains 3 cliurches — 1 Congregational, 1 Uni- tarian, and 1 New Jerusalem — and over 100 dwellings. There are in the t. 16 stores, cap. $25,000 ; 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $65,800. 2 acad. 66 students, 9 sch. 48S schol- ars. Pop. 2,616. North Brookfield, p-t., Worce.ster county, Mass., 60 w. Boston, 392 W. The surface is elevated ; soil, fertile. The v. contains 1 Con- gregational and 1 Methodist church, and about 30 dwellings. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $6,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manuliic. $59,075. 11 sch. 523 scholars. Pop. 1,485. North Brookfield, p-o., Brookfield t., Madi- son CO., N. Y., 84 w. by n. Albany, 366 W. North Brunswick, t., Middlesex co., N. J. It has the Raritan r. on the n., and South r. on the E. Drained centrally by Lawrence's brook. (It contains most of the city of New Brunswick, which see.) It has 79 stores, cap. $269,700 ; 3 lumber yards, cap. $23,000 ; 3 tanneries, 1 dis- tillery, 2 potteries, 3 printing offices, 2 binderies, 2 weekly newspapers, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $103,600. 1 acad. 45 students, 18 sch. 686 scholars. Pop. 5,866. North Bucksfort, p-v., Bucksport t., Han- cock CO., Me., 62 N. E. by e. Augusta, 658 W. North Camden, p-o., Lorain co., O., Ill n. n. E. Columbus, 380 W. North Canton, p-v.. Canton t., Hartford co^ Ct., 19 n. w. Hartford, 355 W. NORTH CAROLINA. North Carolina, one of the southern United States, is bounded n. by Virginia ; e. by the Atlantic ; s. by South Carolina ; and w. by Tennessee. It is between 33"^ 50' and 36° 33' n. lai., and between 75° 45' and 84° w. Ion. ; and between 6° 20' w. and 1° 33' e. from W. It is 430 milea long, and 189 broad, containing 48,000 square miles, or 30,720,000 acres. The population in 1790, was 393,754 ; in 1800, 478,103; in 1810, 555,500; in 1820, 633,829; in 1830, 738,470 ; in 1810, 753,419, of which 245,817 were slaves. Of the free population, 240,047 were white males ; 244,823 do. females ; 11,226 were colored males; 11,505 do. females. Employed in agriculture, there were 217,095 ; in commerce, 1,734 ; in manufactures and trades, 14,322 ; naviga- ting the ocean, 327; do. canals, rivers, &c., 379; learned professions, 1,086. This state is divided into 68 counties, which, with their population in 1810, and their capitals, are as follows: Anson, 15,077, Wadesborough ; Ashe, 7,467, JefTersonton ; Beaufort, 12,225, Washmg- ton; Bertie, 12,175, Windsor; Bladen, 8,022, Elizabeth; Brunswick, 5,265, Smithville; Bun- combe, 10,084, Ashville; Burke, 15,799, Morganton; Cabarrus, 9,259, Concord; Camden, 5,663, Jonesboro' ; Carteret, 6,591, Beaufort; Caswell, 14,693, Yanceyville ; Chatham, 16,242, Fittsboro' ; Cherokee, 3,427, Murphy ; Chowan, 6,693, Edenton ; Columbus, 3,941, Whitesville ; Craven, 13,433, Newbem; Cumberland, 15,284, Fayetteville ; Currituck, 6,703, Currituck C. H.; Davidson, 14,606, Lexington; Davie, 7,574, Mocksville; Duplin, 11,182, Kenansville ; Edgecombe, 15,708, Tarboro' ; Franklin, 10,980, Louisburg; Gates, 8,161, Gatesville; Gran- ville, 18,817, Oxford ; Greene, 6,595, Snow Hill ; Guilford, 19,175, Greensboro' ; Halifax, 16,865, Halifax; Kaywood, 4,975, Waynesville ; Henderson, 5,129, Hendersonville; Hertford, 7,484, Winton ; Hyde, 6,453, Lake Landing ; Iredell, 15,685, Statesville ; Johnston, 10,599, Sraithfield ; Jones, 4,945, Trenton ; Lenoir, 7,605, Kingston ; Lincoln, 25,160, Lincolnton ; Ma- con, 4,869, Franklin ; Martin, 7,637, Williamston ; Mecklenburg, 18,273, Charlotte ; Mont- gomery, 10,780, Lawrenceville ; Moore, 7,988, Carthage ; Nash, 9,047, Nashville; New Han- over, 13,312, Wilmington ; Northampton, 13,359, Jackson ; Onslow, 7,527, Onslow C H. ; NOR 478 NOR Orange, 24,356, Hillsboro' ; PAsauoTANK, 8,514, Elizabeth City; Perquimans, 7,346, Hertford; Person, 9,790, Roxboro' ; Pitt, 11,R06, Greenville; Randolph, 12,875, Ashboro' ; Richmond, 8,909, Rockingham ; Roreson, 10,370, Luniberton ; Rockingham, 13,422, VVentworlh ; Rowan, 12,109, Salisbury; Rutherford, 19,202, Rutherfordton ; Sampson, 12,157, Clinton; Stokes, 16,265, Germanton; Surry, 15,079, Rockford; Ti-rrei., 4,657, Columbia; Wake, 21,118, Ra- leigh; Warren, 12,919, Warrenton ; Washington, 4,525, Plymouth; Wayne, 10,891 Waynes- boro' ; Wilkes, 12,577, Wilkesboro' ; Yancey, 5,962, Burnsville. Raleigh, situated near the centre of the state, 6 miles w. of the Neuse river, is the seat of gov- ernment. Along the whole coast of North Carolina is a ridge of sand, separated from the main land in some places by narrow and in other places by broad sounds and bays. The passages or inlets through it are shallow and dangerous , and Ocraeoke inlet is the only one through which vessels pass. Capes Hatteras and Lookout are projecting points in this belt, and off them, particularly the former, is the most dangerous navigation on the coast of the United States. Cape Fear is on an island off the mouth of Cape Fear river. For 60 or 80 miles from the shore, the country is a dead level ; the streams are sluggish and muddy, and there are many swamps and marshes. The soil is sandy and poor, excepting on the margins of the streams, where it is frequently rich. The natural growth of this region is almost universally the pitch pine, which is much larger than the same tree in the northern states. This tree affords tar, pitch, turpentine, and lumber, which constitute an important portion of the exports of the state. In the swamps rice of a fine quality is raised. Back of the flat country, and extending to the lower falls of the rivers, is a belt of about 40 miles wide, of a mode- irately uneven surface, a sandy soil, and of which the pitch pine is the prevailing natural growth. Above the falls the country is uneven, the streams have a more rapid current, the country is more fertile, and produces wheat, rye, barley, oats, and flax. The western part of the state is an elevated table land about 1,800 feet above the level of the sea, with some high ranges, and very elevated summits. Black mountain, in Yancey co., is 6,476 feet high, the highest land in the U. States e. of the Rocky mountains. Roan mountain is 6,038 feet, and Grandfather mountain is 5,556 feet high. The soil is generally good, but w. of the mountains it is still more fertile. Throughout the state Indian corn is raised, and in some parts, considerable cotton. In the low country, grapes, plums, blackberries, and strawberries grow spontaneously ; and on the intervals canes grow luxuriantly ; and their leaves continuing green through the winter, furnish food for cattle. The low country is somewhat unhealthy, but in the elevated parts the air is pure and salubrious. In the elevated country, oak, walnut, lime, and cherry trees, of a large growth, abound. In the northern part of this state, and extending into Virginia, is the great Dismal swamp, which is 30 miles long and 10 broad, and covers a surface of 150,000 acres. In the centre of it, and within the stale of Virginia, is Lake Drummond, 15 miles in circuit. A canal passes through this swamp, mentioned in the account of Virginia, with a feeder 5 ms. long from Lake Drummond. This swamp is thickly wooded with pine, juniper, cypress, and in its drier parts, with white and red oak. In some parts, the thickne.^s of the growth renders it impervious. South of this, between Alliemarle and Pamlico sounds, is Alligator swamp, which has a lake in the centre. It is computed that 2.500,000 acres of swamp in this state might be easily drained, which would afford a rich soil for the cultivation of cotton, tobacco, rice, and Indian corn. There were in the state in 1840, 166,608 horses and mules ; 617,371 neat cattle ; 533,279 sheep ; 1,649,716 swine ; poultry to the value of $544,125. There were produced 1,960,885 bushels of wheat; 3,574 of barley ; 3,193,941 of oats ; 213,971 of rye; 15,391 of buckwheat; 23,893,763 of Indian corn; 625,044 pounds of wool ; 1,063 of hops; 118,923 of wax ; 2,609,239 bui^hels of pota- toes; 101,369 tons of hay; 9,879 of hemp and flax ; 16,772,359 pounds of tobacco; 2,820,388 of rice : 51,926,190 of cotton ; 3,014 of silk cocoons ; 7,163 of sugar; the products of the dairy were valued at $674,349; of the orchard at $386,006 ; of lumber at $506,766. Tliere were made 28,752 gallons of wine. The principal minerals of North Carolina are gold and iron. The gold region lies on both sides of the Blue Ridge, and extends e. of the Yadkin. It exists in grains, and in small masses and lumps, some of them worth from 100 to 7 or 8 thousand dollars, and in veins. Many persons have en- gaged in digging for gold, and with some success. A considerable amount is sent annually to the Mint of the United States. The principal rivers are the Chowan, 400 miles long, navigable for small vessels 30 miles ; Roan- oke; Pamlico, navigable for 30 miles ; Neuse ; Cape Fear, the largest river in the state, 280 miles long, with 1 1 feet of water to Wilmington ; the Yadkin, which forms a part of the Great Psdee in South Carolina ; and the Catawba, which also passes into South Carolina. The sluggishness of the rivers as they approach the sea, and the sandy character of the coast, cause them to be extensively obstructed by bars at their mouths. As this state has few good harbors, much of its commerce is carried on through Virginia, South Carolina, Georgia, and Tennessee. Wilmington, on Cape Fear river, 40 miles from the sea, is the most commercial place in the state. Newbern, on the Neuse NOR 479 NOR 30 miles from Pamlico sound, has some commerce. Fayetteville, at the head of boat navigation on Cape Fear river, has considerable trade. The exports of the state in 1840, amounted to $337,484 ; and the imports to $252,532. There were 4 commercial and 46 commission houses engaged in foreign trade, with a capital of $151,300; 1,06S retail drygoods and other stores, with a capital of $5,032,835 ; 432 persons employed in the lumber trade, with a capital of $46,000 ; 213 persons employed in internal transportation, who, with 24 butchers, packers, &c., employed a capital of $9,000; 1,784 persons employed in the fish- eries, with a capital of $213,502. The amoimt of home-made or family manufactures was $1,413,242 ; there were 3 woollen man- ufactories and 1 fulUng mill, producing articles to the amount of $3,900, with a capital of $9,800 ; 25 cotton manufactories, with 47,934 spindles, employing 1,219 persons, producing articles to the amount of .$438,900, with a capital of .$995,300 ; there were 8 furnaces, producing 968 tons of cast iron, and 43 forges, &c., producing 963 tons of bar iron, employing 46S persons, and a capital of $94,961 ; 2 smelting houses, employing 30 persons, and produced 10,000 pounds of lead ; 10 smelt- ing houses employed 389 persons, and produced gold to the amount of $255,618, with a capital of $9,832 ; 2 paper mills, producing articles to the amount of $8,785, with a capital of $5,000 ; hats and caps were manufactured to the amount of $38,167, and straw bonnets to the amount of $1,700, employing 142 persons, and a capital of $13,141 ; 353 tanneries employed 645 persons, with a capi- tal of $271,979; 238 other leather manufactories, as saddleries, &c., produced articles to the amount of $185,387, with a capital of $76,163 ; 16 potteries employed 21 persons, producing articles to the amount of $6,260, with a capital of $1,531; 89 persons manufactured machinery to the amount of $43,285 ; 43 persons manufactured hardware and cutlery to the amount of $1,200 ; 693 persons manufactured carriages and wagons to the amount of $301,601, with a capital of $173,318 ; 323 flouring mills produced 87,641 barrels of flour, and with other mills employed 1,830 persons, producing articles to the amount of $1,552,096, employing a capital of $1,670,228; vessels were built to the amount of $62,800 ; 223 persons manufactured furniture to the amount of $35,002, with a capital of $57,980; 40 persons manufactured 1,085 small-arms ; 15 persons manufactured granite and marble to the amount of $1,083; 276 persons produced bricks and lime to the amount of $58,336 ; 367 persons manufactured 1,612,825 pounds of soap, 148,546 do. of tallow candles, 335 do. of spermaceti and wax candles, with a capital of $4,754 ; 2,802 distilleries produced 1,051,979 gal- lons, and with breweries, which produced 17,431 gallons, employed 1,422 persons, and a capital of $180,200; 33 brick or stone, and 1,822 wooden houses, employed 1,707 persons, at a cost of $410,264 ; 26 printing offices, 4 binderies, 26 weekly, and 1 semi-weekly newspapers, and 2 peri- odicals, employed 103 persons, and a capital of $55,400. The whole amount of capital employed in manufactures was $3,833,000. The University of North Carolina, at Chapel Hill, 27 ms. w. N. w. from Raleigh, was founded in 1791. Davidson College, in Mecklenburg county, was founded in 1837. In these institutions there were in 1840, 153 students. There were in the state 141 academies, with 4,398 students, 632 com- mon and primary schools, with 14,937 scholars ; and 56,609 white persons over 20 years of age, who could neither read nor wTite. In the low country the Methodists and Baptists are the most numerous religious denominations. In the elevated country w. are many Presbyterians. The Methodists and Baptists have each about 20,000 communicants; the Presbyterians about 11,000. The Episcopalians have a bishop and 20 ministers ; the Lutherans have 18 ministers, 38 congregations, and 1,886 communicants. Besides these, there are some Moravians, Roman Catholics, Friends, &c. There were in October, 1839, in this state, 6 banks and branches, with a capital of $1,500,000, and a circulation of $1,165,857. The constitution of this state was adopted in December, 1776, which was revised and modified in 1835. The senate and house of commons are elected biennially by the people. The senate consists of 50 members, and the house of commons of 120. The senate is chosen by districts, the number apportioned by the amount of state taxes paid. The members of the house of commons are apportioned among the counties according to their population. The governor is chosen for 2 years by a joint vote of both houses, and is eligible only 4 years in 6. There is an executive council of 7 members, chosen biennially by a joint vote of both houses. In case of the death of the governor, the duty devolves upon the speaker of the senate. The judges of the supreme court are chosen by a joint ballot of both houses of the legislature, and hold their offices duruig good behavior. The attorney-general is appointed by the legislature for 4 years. The right of suffrage extends to all free white persons of 21 years of age, who have been inhabitants of the state for 12 months previous to the election ; but in order to vote for a senator a freeman must possess a free- hold of 50 acres of land. The legislature meets biennially at Raleigh, on the second Monday of November, and the governor is chosen in December following. The works of internal improvement are not so numerous and extensive in this, as in some other states. The: Wilmington and Raleigh railroad extends from Wilmington IGli miles to Weldon, on NOR 480 NOR tlie Roanoke, and connects with the Portsmouth and Roanoke railroad. It was commenced in ]S36, and completed in 1840. Tlie Raleigh and Gaston railroad extends from Raleigh 85 miles to Gaston, on the Roanoke, where it unites with the Petersburg, Greenville, and Roanoke railroads. North- west canal connects Northwest river, 6 miles, with the Dismal vSwamp canal. Weldon canal extends 12 miles round the falls of the Roanoke. Clubfoot and Harlow canal extends from the head waters of the Clubfoot, H m. to those of Harlow creek, near Beaufort. The first permanent settlement in this state was made on the eastern bank of the Chowan, and called Albemarle, by emigrants who fled from religious persecution from Nansemond, in Virginia, about 1660. Several previous attempts to settle it had failed. It had been granted to difTerent proprietors at different times ; but in 1663 it was transferred to Lord Clarendon, and some others, who procured a constitution of government to be prepared for it by the celebrated Jolm Locke. Tlie chief magistrate was called the Palatine, and there was an hereditary nobility. The legisla- ture was called a Parliament. This constitution was found so defective, that, in 1693, it was abol- ished. In 1729, the crown purchased the whole of the Carolinas for .£17,500 sterling ; and the king immediately divided it into two provinces, North and South Carolina, wliich ever after continued separate. In 1769, this province successfully resisted the oppression of the British ministry. Two years after 1,500 of the inhabitants, assuming the name of regulators, rose in rebellion. Gov. Trj'on fought and defeated them. Three hundred were killed in battle ; and of those taken, 12 were condemned for high treason, and 6 were executed. During the war of the revolution the inhabitants of this state were the devoted friends of their country. The severe battle of Guilford Court House, fought within its limits, i.s well known. In 1776, early in the war, this state formed a constitution, which, with some recent modifications, continues to the present time. In convention, November 27th, 1789, tliis state adopted the constitution of the United States ; yeas 193, nays 75 ; majority, 118. North Craven, p-c, Plymouth co., Mass., 44 s. s. E. Boston, 442 W. North Casting, p-o., Castine t., Hancock co.. Me., 7-2 E. Augusta, 66S W. North Castle, p-t., Westchester co., N. Y., 6 N. White Plains, 132 s. Albany, 263 W. The surface is liilly and stony ; soil, sandy loam and clay. Drained by Byram r. It has 4 sch. 110 scholars. Pop. 2,053. North Charleston, p-v., Charleston t., Sul- livan CO., N. H., 51 w. Concord, 459 W. North Chatham, po., Chatliani t., Carroll CO., N. IL, 90 N. N. E. Concord, 5S4 W. North Chatham, p-v., Cnatiiam t., Barnsta- ble CO., Mass., 98 s. e. Boston, 499 W. North Chatham, p-v., Chatham t., Columbia CO., N. Y., 15 s. by e. Albany, 363 W. It con- tains 2 churches, 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. North Chelmsford, p-o., Chelmsford t., Mid- dlesex CO., Mass., 25 n. w. Boston. North Chenango, t., (^rawford co.. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 4 gri.^t m.,7sawm. Cap. in raanuf $19,000. Pop. 1,210. North Chester, p-o., Chester t., Hampden CO., Mass. North Chichester, p-v., Chichester t., Mer- rimac co., N. H., 11 e. Concord, 492 W. North Chili, p-o.. Chili t., Monroe co., N. Y., 230 w. by N. Albany, 377 W. North Clarence, p-o., Clarence t., Erie co., N. Y., 275 w. Albany, 395 W. North Clinton, p-o., Clinton t., Kennebec CO., Me., 23 N. by e. Augusta, 623 W. North Clymer, p-o., Clymer t., Chautauque CO , N. Y., 356 w. Albany, 337 W. North Codorus, t., York co.. Pa. It has 4 stdres, cap. $1,900; 14 distilleries, 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $19,415. Pop. 1,540. North Conhocton, p-o., Conhocton t., Steu- ben CO., N. Y., 225 w. by n. Albany. North Conway, p-o., Conway t., Carroll co., N. H., 71 N. N. e. Concord, 555 W. North Cove, p-o., Burke co., N. C, 219 w. Raleigh, 449 W. No.;tti Danvers, p-v., Danvers t., Essex co.. Mass , ao N. M. £. U/»^n, 461 W. North Danville, p-o., Caledonia co., Vt., 34 N. E. Montpelier, 547 W. North Dartmouth, p-v., Dartmouth t., Bris- tol CO., Mass., 61 s. Boston, 430 W. North Dighton, p-o., Bristol co., Mass., 37 s. by w. Boston, 424 W. North Dixmont, p-o., Dixmont t., Penobscot CO., Me., 44 N. E. Augusta, 639 W. North Dorset, p-o., Dorset t., Bennington CO., Vt., 84 s. s. w. Montpelier, 439 W. North Dover, p-o., Dover t., Cuyahoga co., O., 129 N. E. by n. Columbus, 371 W. North Dunbarton, p-v., Dunbarton t., Mer- rimac CO., N. H., 7 s. by w. Concord, 477 W. North East, p-t., Dutchess co., N. Y., 53 s. s. E. Albany, 332 W. The surface is uneven and rough, containing Taghkannic mountain ; soil, generally productive. Drained by Ten Mile cr. and its tributaries. It has several ponds, and contains some lead ore. The v. contains 1 Bap- tist church, 3 stores, about 25 dwellings, and 150 inhabitants. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. i|16,500; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $24,400. 6 sch. 144 scholars. Pop. 1,385. North East, p-t., Erie co.. Pa., 10 n. e. Erie, 281 N. w. by w. llarrishurg, 353 W. Drained by Sixteen and Twenty Mile creeks. It is bounded N. by Lake Erie, and e. by New York state. The b. contains 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 distil- lery, 1 paper fac, 4 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $25,500. 2 sch. 66 scholars. Pop. 339. There are in the t., exclusive of the b^ 3 stores, cap. $10,000; 2 tanneries. Cap. in manufac. $2,500. 17 sch. 468 scholars. Pop. 1,793. North East, p-v., Cecil co., Md., 74 n. e. An- napolis, 84 W. Northeast Centre, p-o.. North East t., Dutchess CO., N. Y., 56 s. s. e. Albany, 329 W. North Easton, p-o., Easton t., Bristol co., Mass. North Easton, p-o., Easton t., Washington CO., N. Y., 30 N. N. E. Albany, 400 W. North East Pass, or Balize, v., Plaquemine par.. La. Situated on the s. side of the Pass of the same name, and contains about 30 houses, chiefly occupied by pilots. NOR 481 NOR North Eaton, p-o., Eaton t., Lorain co., O., 121 N. N. E. Columbus, 379 W. North Edgecomb, p-o., Edgecomb t., Lin- coln CO., Me., 20 s. s. E. Augusta, 590 W. North Egremont, p-v., I^gremont t., Berk- shire Co., Mass., 142 w. Boston, 358 W. North Ellsworth, p-o., Ellsworth t., Han- cock CO., Me., 85 E. by n. Augusta, 6S0 W. North End, p-o., Mathews co., Va., 93 e. Richmond, 178 W. North Enfield, p-o., Enfield t., Grafton co., N. H., 47 N. w. Concord, 490 W. Northern Liberties. (See Philadelphia.) North Fairfax, p-o., Fairfax t., Franklin co., Vt., 64 N. w. Montpelier, 542 W. North Fairfield, p-o., Fairfield t., Somerset CO., Me., 23 N. Augusta, 623 W. North Fairfield, p-o., Huron co., O., 92 n. by E. Columbus, 395 W. North Fairhaven, p-v., Fairhaven t., Bristol CO., Mass., 55 s. Boston, 438 W. North Falmouth, p-v., Falmouth t., Barnsta- ble CO., Mass., 67 s. .s. e. Boston, 463 W. North Ferri.shurg, p-o., Ferrisburg t., Ad- dison CO., Vt., 60 w. by s. Montpelier, 495 W. Northfield, p-t., Washington co.. Me., 159 E. N. E. Augusta, 741 W. Incorporated in 1838. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,(m. 2 sch. 95 scholars. Pop. 232. Northfield, p-t., Merrimac co., N. H., 15 n. by W. Concord, 406 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, in some places fertile. Watered by a branch of Winnipiseogee r., issuing from a pond. Incor- porated in 1780. It contains a Methodist church, and has 2 stores, cap. $5,500; 1 fulling m., 1 cotton fac. 1,000 sp., 3 tanneries, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $55,250. 11 sch. 407 scho- lars. Pop. 1,413. Northfield, pt., Franklin co., Mass., 92 w. N. W. Boston, 412 W. Situated on both sides of Connecticut r., on the n. border of the state. In- corporated in 1673. The soil is fertile, and par- ticularly on the r., where are extensive and rich intervales. The v. is on an elevated plain, a little back from the r., on the e. side, and is handsomely built, chiefly on one extended street, parallel with the r., wide and handsomely shaded, and contains 2 churches and an academy. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $13,000; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $3,400. 1 acad. 85 students, 13 sch. 538 scholars. Pop. 1.673. Northfield, p-v., Litchfield t. and co., Ct., 28 w. by s. Hartford, 334 W. Situated in the s. e. part of the t. Incorporated a parish in 1794. The surface is rough and stony ; soil, well adapted to grazing and some kinds of grain. It contams 1 Congregational and 1 Episcopal church. Northfield, p-t., Washington co., Vt., 10 s. s. w. Montpelier, 506 W. Watered by Dog r., which afTords water power. The surface is uneven ; soil, generally fertile. It has a pleasant v. in the centre, and a manufacturing v. a mile and a half s. of it. It contains 3 stores, cap. $10,500 ; 16 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 6 grist m., 12 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $266,110. 1 acad. 30 students, 17 sch. 599 scholars. Pop. 2,013. Northfield, t., Richmond co., N. Y., 3 n. Richmond, 156 s. Albany. The surface is vari- ous, having broad marshes on Staten Island sound, and the Kills, by which it is bounded w. and N. It has 17 stores, cap. $24,050 ; 8 flouring m., 4 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $27,900. 6 sch. 228 scholars. Pop. 2,745. Northfield. p-t.. Summit co., O., 143 n. e. Columbus, 342 W. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil, fertile. The Cuyahoga r. and the 61 Ohio canal crosses the s. w. part of the t. A small tributary of the Cuyahoga afTords water power. It has 6 sch. 217 .scholars. Pop. 1,031. Northfield, p-t., Washtenaw co., Mich. 43 w. Detroit, 536 W. Northfield, p-o., Boone co., la., 20 n. w. In- dianapolis, 5S9 W. Northfield Farms, p-v., Northfield t., Franks lin CO., Mass., 96 w. by n. Boston 407 V»'. North Fitciiville, p-o., Fitchville t., Huron CO., O., 101 N. Columbus, 392 W. North Flat, p-o., Luzerne! co.. Pa. Northford, p-v.. North Brantford t.. New Haven co., Ct., 28 s. by w. Hartford, 312 W. It has 1 Presbyterian church, 3 button fac, 1 comb fac, and several dwelhngs. North Fork, p-o., A.she co., N. C, 214 w. by N. Raleigh, 373 W. North Fork, p-o., Mason co., Ky., 83 n. e. by E. Frankfort, 471 W. North Fork, t., Izard co.. Ark. It has 1 store, cap. $4,500 ; 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $1,935. Pop. 313. North Fork, p-o., Vermilion co., 111., 146 E. by N. Springfield, 673 W. North Frankfort, p-o., Frankfort t., Waldo CO., Me., 66 N. E. by e. Augusta, 660 W. North Franklin, Franklin t., Delaware co., N. Y., 79 w. s. w. Albany, 349 W. North Freeman, p-o., Freeman t., Franklin CO., Me. North Frvborgh, p-o., Fryburgli t., Oxford CO., Me., 71 w. s. w. Augusta, 578 W. North Gage, p-o., Deerfield t., Oneida co., N. Y., 92 w. N. w. Albany, 412 W. North Galway, p-o., Galway t., Saratoga co., N. Y., 39 N. by w. Albany, 407 VV. North Garden, p-o., Albemarle co., Va., 89 w. N. w. Richmond, 139 W. North Georgetown, p-v., Knox t., Colum-- biana co., O., 146 n. e. by e. Columbus, 298 W. It contains 3 stores, about 40 dwellmgs, and 250 inhabitants. North Goshen, p-v., Goshen t., Litchfield co., Ct., 34 w. by N. Hartford, 336 W. Situated on a small branch of Naugatuck r. It has 1 Congre- gational church and several dwellings. North Granby, p-v., Granby t., Hartford co., Ct., 20 N. w. Hartford, 356 W. It has 1 Congre- gational church and a few dwellings. North Granville, p-v., Granville t., Wash- ington CO., N. Y., 66 N. N. E. Albany, 436 W. North Greenwich, p-o., Greenwich t.. Wash ington CO., N. Y., 40 n. n. e. Albany, 410 W. North Guilford, p-v., Guilford t.. New Ha- ven CO., Ct., 28 s. Hartford, 320 W. It coutahis 2 churches and several neat dwellings. North Hadley, p-v., Hadley t., llampsliire CO., Mass., 94 w. Boston, 387 W. North Hamden, p-b., Hamden t., Delaware CO., N. Y. iVoRTH Hampton, p-t.. Rockingham co., N, II., 50 s. E. Concord, 4S7 W. It has the Atlantic ocean on its e. border. The railroad from Boston to Portsmouth passes through it. It has 1 store, cap. ,$2,000 ; 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 3 saw m., 3 sch. 180 scholars. Pop. 8S5. North PIampton, p-o., Clarke co., O., 52 w Columbus, 445 \V. North Hampton, p-o., Peoria co., HI., 90 n. Springfield, 804 W. North Harpersfield, p-o., Harpersfield t, Delaware co., N. Y., 61 w. s. w. Albany, 370 W. North Hartford, p-o., Hartford t., Oxford CO., Mo-., 32 w. Augusta, 589 W. North Hartland, p-o., Hartland t., Wmdstw CO.', Vt., 57 s. by e. Montpelier, 482 W. NOR 482 NOR North II.vvkn, p-t., New Haven co., Ct., 30 s. s. w. Jlarifoni, 'SM W. The soil, excepting the river bottom land, is light iind warm. Tlie intervale is very iertile. Watered by Quinnipi- ac r., on which is a very extensive salt marsh, which prodnces a great amount of salt hay. Where the meadows are protected from the salt water by dykes, tlic hay is better. It contains a Congregational and an Episcopal church. It has 3 stores, cap. $! 1,0(10 ; 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $]'J,000. 8 sch. 302 scholars. Pop. 1,31'J. NoRTir Haverhill, p-v., Haverhill t., Grafton CO., N. If., 74 Concord, 519 W. NoK-rn Hkbron, p-o., Hebron t., Washington CO., N. Y., GO N. N. E. Albany, 430 W. North Hector, p-o., Hector t., Tompkins co., N. Y., 184 w. by s. Albany, 314 W. North Hempstead, p-t., and capital of Queens co., N. Y., 168 s. Albany, 20 e. New York, 24B W. The surface is uneven, being crossed by tlie ridge whio7 W. Pop. 1830, city, 3,141 ; total in t. 5,171) : 1840, city, 4,200; t., excepting the city. 3.03 'J ; total, 7,23J. It consists of 3 parts — Chelsea Landing, or Norwich City, the Town, and We.stville, for- merly called Bean Hill. Norwich City, or the Landing, is situated on the point of latftl between the Shetucket and Vantic rivers, which here unite lo ibrm tlie Tiiames. The site is singularly romantic, on the steep declivity of a high hill, which causes the streets to rise above each other like terraces, and the houses in the rear to over- look those in front. The t., 2 miles n. w., is on a pleasant valley, surrounded by hills, which on the E. rise rapidly from the street, and afford commanding situations for dwellings. In the centre of the place is a large triangular public ground, or square, surrounded by libuses and stores, on which fronts the principal church. Between the landing and town is a beautiful plain, which furnishes fine situations for elegant residences. In the n. w. part of the city, on the road to Hartford, is Westville, which contains a number of pleasant dwellings and several manu- facturing establishments. Within the city are a court house, jail, town hall, 4 banks, 2 insurance companies, a high school for boys, a female acad- emy, and 7 churches — 2 Congregational, 1 Epis- copal, 1 Baptist, 2 Methodist, and 1 Unitarian. A cove sets up about a mile from the Thames, over the mouth of which is a bridge. At the head of tins cove, the Vantic r. enters it by a singularly romantic cataract, affording a fine site for mills and manufactories. The village around it is called Yanticville. In the rocks which ti)rm the bed of the cataract will often be found circular perpendicular holes, 5 or G feet deep, evidenily formed by a stone or stones whirled round within them by the force of the water. These holes are so regular as to appear like a work of art, and | are a curiosity. From a high projecting rock, which overhangs the foot of these falls, the 3Io began Indians ibrmerly plunged to destruction, rather than to fall into the hands of the Narra- gansetts, who were pursuing them. A mile e. of the landing, on the Shetucket, is Greenville, a flourishing manufacturing v. Steamboats ply between Norwich and New York, and a railroad connects it with Worcester, Mass., and thence with Boston. There were in Norwich in 1810, 97 stores, with a capital of $3.37,000; 5 lumber yards, with a capital of $32,000 ; hanlware pro- duced lo the amount of $50,01)0 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen lac, cap. $35,000 ; 1 cotton fac. 4,000 sp., cap. $100,000; 1 taiuiery, 1 pottery, 2 grist m., 1 oil m., 2 rope walks, 2 paper fac, 3 printing offices, 2 binderies, and 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manui'ac. $408,700. 3 acad. 71 students, 13 sch. 908 scholars. In the t., without the city limits, are 14 stores, cap. $3(),000; fulling m., 5 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. with 4,020 sp., 1 tan- nery, 1 pottery, 1 1 grist m., 2 paper fac Cap. in manufac $453,500. 2 acad. 90 students, 11 sch. 871 scholars. Nonwicn, p-t., and capital of Chenango co., N. v., 112 w. Albany, 33(5 W. Thv. surface is hilly, with a wide valley extending through the t., from N. to .'i., through which Chenango r. (lows, and on which arc fertile and highly cultivated flats. The elevated parts are adapted to grazing. The V. is beautifully situated oit the w. bank of Chenango r., and contains a court house, jail, county clerk's office, baidiing house, 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist — 20 stores and groceries, 2 grist m., 1 , saw m., 1 tannery, 1 oil m., 1 fulling m., 1 leather mitten and glove fac, 1 piano-forte fac, 1 coach lace fac, 1 furnace and machine shop, 2 printing offices, 200 dwelling.^, and about 1,500 inhabit- ants. There are in the t. 20 sUjrcs, cap. $68,400 ; 5 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 2 print- ing offices, 2 weekly newspapers, and 2 periodi- cals, 6 grist m., 20 saw m., 1 oil m. (;ap. in man- ufac. $40,750. 3 a.ad. 82 students, 3i sch. 1,049 scholars. Pop. 4,145. Noiiwicfi, v., Oyster Bay t., Queens co., N. Y. It contains 1 Methodist church, 3 stores, 25 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Norwich, p-t., McKean co., Pa., 190 n. w. Harrisburg, 272 W. The v. is situated on Pota- toe creek, and contains a number of dwellings. There are in the t. 2 sch. 70 scholars. Pop. 184. NoKwicH, p-v., Union t., Muskingum co., O., 05 E. Columbus, 328 W. Situated on the national road, and contains 2 churches, 6 stores, various mechanic shops, 1 brewery, 1 steam m., 100 dwellings, and about COO inhabitants. Norwich, t., Franklin co., O. Situated on the w. side of Scioto r. It has 3 sell. 52 scholars. Pop. 731. Nouwicii, t., Huron co., O., 15 s. Norwalk, 90 N. E. Columbus. It has 2 stores, cap. $10,000; 1 fulling m., 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,000. 3 sch. 87 scholars. Pop. 676. NoRwiciiTOWN, p-v., Norwich t.. New I.ondon CO., Ct., 37 s. E. I larltbrd, 355 W. Situated about 2 ms. .\. of the Landing, or Norwich City. It contains several streets, not very regularly laid out, 2 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Methodist, un a handsome public square — several stores, and about 200 dwellings, and several extensive manufactories. Norwood, p-v., Montgomery co., N. C, 153 w. .s. w. Raleigh, 395 VV. NoTiPEKAGO, county, Mich. Situated cen- trally on the w. side oi' the peninsula. It con- tains 500 sq. miles, and has sand hills and bluffs along the lake. Drained by Notipekugo and Sa- ble rivers. (It is unorganized.) NoTTi.NGiiA.M, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H., 25 E. s. E. ('oucord, 482 W. The surface is uneven and broken; soil, in many parts, fertile. Drained by Little and North rivers. Incorporated in 1722. Iron ore is found. It has a pleasant v. called Nottingham Square. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $5,000; 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 6 saw rn., 11 sch. 467 scholars. Pop. 1,193. NoTTi.\GH.\M, t., Mercer co., N. .1., 17 n. e. Mount Holly. The surface is generally level; soil, various, from stilT clay to sandy loam. Wa- tered by Assutipink and Crosswick's creeks, and their tributaries. It has 28 stores, cap. $107,350; 3 lumber yards, cap. $11,000; 3 furnaces, 3 ful- ling rn., 3 woollen fac, 7 cotton fac. 0,500 sp., 5 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 1 printing office, I binde- ry, 10 grist m., 7 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in man- ufiic. $596,770. 1 acad. 36 students, 13 sch. 348 scholars. Pop. 5,109, Nottingham, t., Washington co.. Pa., 13 e. Washington b. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam. Drained by Peter's, I\Iingo, and Little Mingo creeks. Coal is abundant. It contains Williams- port V. The t. has 4 stores, cap. .$16,000 ; 1 tan- nery, 1 distillery, 2 iloiuing m. Cap. in manufac. $8,000. Pop. 983. Nottingham, p-v.. Prince George's co., Md., 32 s. w. Annapolis, 26 W. Nottingham, t., Harrison co., O. Pop. 368. Nottingham Turnpike, p-o., Nottingham t., Rockingham county, N. IL, 25 e. s. e. Concord, 496 W. Nottoway, r., Va. and N. C, rises in Prince OAK 487 OAK Edward co., Va., and joins the Meherrin r. in Gates CO., N. C, to form Chowan r. It is about 110 IDS. long. Nottoway, county, Va. Situated centrally to- ward the s. E. i)art of the state, and contains 290 sq. ms. Drained by tributaries of the Appomat- tox r., and by Nottoway r. and its tributaries. Capital, Nottoway C. H. There were in 1810, neat cattle 5,510, sheep 6,S27, swine 10,294; wheat 42.145 bush, produced, Ind. corn 248,863, oats 70,130, potatoes 8,367, tobacco 2,212,950 pounds, cotton 20,632 ; 7 stores, cap. $55,000 ; 5 tanneries, 8 flouring m., 17 grist m. Cap. in man- ufac. $48,748. 10 sch. 195 .scholars. Pop. whites 2,490, slaves 7,071, free col'd 15S ; total, 9,719. NoTTOw.w, p-t., St. Joseph co., Mich., 137 w. s. w. Detroit, 592 W. It contains 6 stores, 1 flouring m., 2 saw m. 10 sell. 201 scholars. Pop. 1,226. NoTTOW.iY, C. H., p-v., capital of Nottoway CO., Va., 67 s. w. Richmond, 186 W. It is situ- ated on Nottoway r., and contains a court house, jail, clerk's office, 1 store, several mechanic shops, 1 flouring m., 15 dwellings, and about 90 inhabitants. Novi, p-t., Oakland co., Mich., 25 n. w. De- troit, 547 W. Watered by the w. branch of Rouge r. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,100 ; 10 sch. 255 scholars. Pop. 1J351. No.YUBEE, county. Miss. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 680 sq.ms. Drain- ed by the w. ibrkof Tonibigbee r. and its branch- es. Capital, Ttlacon. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,075, sheep 1,461, swine 21,140; wheat 4,072 bush, produced, Indian corn 400,750, oats 15,036, potatoes 11,633, cotton 1,696,345 pounds; 7 stores, cap. $80,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 flouring m., 4 grist m., 4 saw ni., 1 printing ofpce, 1 weekly new.spaper. Cap. in inanufac. $3,050. 7 acad. 170 .students, 4 sch. 70 scholars. Pop. whites 1,817, slaves 6,157, free col'd 1 ; total, 9,975. Nubbin Ridge, p-o., Hardiman co., Tenn., 179 s. w. by w. Nashville. NuLHEGAN, r., Vt., in the n. e. part of the state, enters Connecticut r. in Bloomfield. It is in gen- eral a rapid stream. NuMBElt One, p-o., Aroostook co., Me., 144 n. E. Augusta, 739 W. Number Three, p-o., Aroostook co., Me., 154 N. E. Augusta, 749 W. NuMiDiA, p-o., Columbia co.. Pa. Nu.\da, t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 20 n. An- gelica, 225 w. by s. Albany. The surface is undulating ; soil, a fertile argillaceous loam^ adapted to grain. Drained by Canaseraga and Cashaqua creeks. It has 13 stores, cap. $30,550 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 flouring m., 6 saw m. Cap. in inanufac. $42,300. 1 acad. 47 students, 13 sch. 1,064 scholars. Pop. 2,637. NuNDA Valley, p-v., Nunda t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 253 w. by s. Albany, 352 W. Situated on Cashaqua cr., and contains 3 churches — 1 Pres- byterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Universalist — 1 acade- my, 10 stores, 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 1 ma- chine shop, 1 furnace, 1 tannery, about 150 dwell- ings, and 1,000 inhabitants. Nyack, p-v., Orangetown t., Rockland co., N. Y., 128 s. by w. All)any, 262 W. Pleasantly situated on tlie w. side of Hudson r., on Tappan sea, an expansion of the r. It contains 3 church- es, 5 stores, various mechanic shops, 100 dwell- ings, and about 800 inhabitants. A steamboat and several sloops ply between this place and New York. Nyack Turnpike, p-o., Clarkstown t., Rock- land CO., N. Y., 123 s. by w. Albany, 264 W. o. Oakachikama, p-o., Yallabusha co.. Miss., 126 N. N. E. .lackson, 915 W. Oak Bowery, p-o.. Chambers co., Ala., 166 e. s. E. Tuscaloosa, 773 VV. Oak Corner, p-o., Moore co., N. C. Oak Creek, p-o., Milwaukee co., Wis., 93 E. Madison, 795 W. Oak Dale, p-v., Shelby co., Mo., 94 n. Jeffer- son City, 951 W. Oakey Hill, p-o., Jackson co., Flor. Oak Field, p-o., Genesee co., N. Y., 257 w. Albany, 332 W. Oak Flat, p-o., Pendleton co., Va., 161 n. w. Richmond, 161 W. Oak Forest, p-o., Cumberland co., Va., 57 w. Richmond, 137 W. Oak Forest, p-o., Iredell co., N. C, 153 w. Raleigh, 370 W. Oakfuskie, p-o., Randolph co., Ala., 152 e. Tuscaloosa, 747 W. Oak Grove, p-o., Westmoreland co., Va., 82 N. E. Richmond, 93 W. Situated 1 mile from Mattox cr., and contains 1 Methodist church, 5 stores, and has considerable trade. Oak Grove, p-o.. Livingston co., Mich., 57 w. N. w. Detroit, 560 W. Oak Grove, p-o., Edgecombe co., N. C, 77 e. Raleigh, 234 W. Oak Grove, p-o.. Union dist., S. C, 90 n. w. Columbia, 448 W. Oak Grove, p-o., Washington par.. La., 80 n. New Orleans, 1,117 W. Oak Grove, p-o., Jefferson co., Tenn., 222 e. Nashville, 475 W. Oak Grove, p-o., Christian co., Ky.,218s. w. Frankfort, 742 W. Oak Grove, p-o., .Tackson co.. Mo., 128 s. e. Jefferson City, 1,054 W. Oak Grove, p-o., Montgomery co., la., 55 n. w. Indianapolis, 626 W. Oak Grove Furnace, p-o.. Perry co., Pa., 25 N. w. Ilarrisburg, 113 W. Oakham, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 64 w. Bos- ton, 416 W. The surface is uneven; soil, not very fertile, excepting on the streams. Watered by Five Mile r., a branch of Chickapee r., and Ware r. Chartered in 1762, before which it be- longed to Rutland. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac, $17,350. 9 sch. 404 scholars. Pop. 1,038. Oak Hill, p-o., Cumberland co.. Me., 56 s. w. Augusta, 539 W. Oak Hill, p-o., Durham t., Greene co., N. Y., 34 s. w. Albany, 361 W. Oak Hill, p-o., Lancaster co., Pa., 64 s. e. Harrisburg, 94 W. Oak Hill, p-v., Madison t., Jackson co., O., 80 s. s. e. Columbus, 391 W. Itcontains 2 stores and 12 or 15 dwellings. Oak Hill, p-o., Fauquier co., Va., 119 n. by w. Richmond, 62 W. Oak Hill, p-o., Granville co., N. C, 71 n. Ra- leigh, 256 W. Oak Hill, p-o., Newton co., Ga., 72 n. w. Milledgeville, 659 W. Oak Hill, p-o., Overton Co., Term., 104 e. by N. Nashville, 616 W. Oakland, coimty, Mich. Situated in the e. part of the peninsula, and contains 900 sq. ms. Drained by CHnton r. and its branches, and by the head branches of Huron, Flint, Rouge, and Shiawassee rivers. The surface is rolling ; soil. OAT 488 oco fertile. Capital, Pontiac. There were in 1840, neat cattle 20,561, sheep 19,656, swine :^9,213; W'heat '261,965 bush, prodiued, rve 6,157, Ind. corn 254,902, buckwheat 23,740, barley 4,514, oats 238,005, potatoes 329,307, sugar 90,614 pounds; 62 stores, capital $166,645; 1 furnace, 6 full- ing m., 1 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 6 distilleries. 24 flouring m., 14 gri.-t m., 41 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 w^cekly newspapers. Cap. iti manufac. $28S,345. 117 sch. 4,800 .scholars. Pop. 23,646. 0.\KLA.\D, p-v., Hartford co., Ct., 9. w. Hart- ford, 345 W. Oakland, p-v.. Portage t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 254 w. by s. Albany, 357 W. Situated on Cashaqua cr., and contains 1 Methodist churcOi, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 tannery, 1 clothier's works, 35 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Oakland, p-o., Armstrong co., Pa. Oakland, p-o., Morgan co., Va., 170 n. by w. Richmond, 98 W. Oakland, p-o., Clinton co., O., 77 s. w. Co- lumbus, 450 W. Oakland, p-v., Fayette co., Tenn., 195 s. w. Nashville, 880 VV. Oakland, p-o., Coles co., 111., 97 e. s. e. Spring- field, 632 W. Oakland, p-o., Yallabusha co., Miss., 139 n. by E. Jackson, 934 W. Oakland, t., Oakland co., Mich., 53 Detroit. Watered by Paint cr. and a branch of stony cr. It has 1 fluuring m., 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,010. 7 sch. 300 scholars. Pop. 918. Oakland, p-o., Pulaski co.. Mo. Situated on the w. bank of Osago Fork of Gasconade r. Oakland Collkge, p-v., Claiborne co.. Miss., 87 s. w. Jackson, 1,097 W. The college is situ- ated near Rodney, 25 n. n. e. Natchez, was founded under the patronage of the Presbyte- rians in 1831 ; has a president and 5 professors or other instructors, about 100 students, including a primary department, and 1,522 vols, in its libraries. Oakland Mills, p-o., Juniata co.. Pa., 50 n. w. Harri.sburg, 144 W. Oak Lawn, p-o., Baker co., Ga., 138 s. s. w. MilledgeviUe, 795 W. Oak Level, p-o., Henry co., Va., 196 w. s. w. Richmond, 271 W. Oaklev, p-o., Mecklenburg co., Va., 120 s. w. Richmond, 218 W. Oakley, p-o., Madison co., Ala., 178 n. n. e. Tuscaloosa, 728 W. Oak Orchaud, p-v., Ridgeway t., Orleans eo., N. Y., 259 w. by n. Albany, 403 W. Oak Point, po., St. Lawrence co., N. Y. Oak Ridge, p-o., Guilford co., J\. C, 104 w. N. w. Raleigh, 289 W. Oak Ridge, p-o., Marshall co.. Miss. Oak's Corners, p-o., Phelps t., Ontario eo., N. Y., 181 w. Albany, 3 16 W. Oaksville, p-v., Otsego t., Otsego co., N. Y., 73 w. Albany, 362 W. It contains 1 church, 2 stores, and 1 cotton fac, situated on Oak cr. Oakville, p-v., Buckingham co., Va., 102 w. Richmond, 188 VV. It contains a store and 2 or 3 dwellings. Oakville, p-v., Mecklenburg co., N. C, 183 •vv. s. w. Raleigh, 420 W. Oakville, p-v., Lexington dist., S. C, 13 s. w. Columbia, 519 W. Oakville, p-v., Lawrence co., Ala., 112 n. Tuscaloosa, 759 W. Oakville, p-v., London t., IMonroe co., Mich. Oakville, p-v., St. Louis co.. Mo. Oatland Mills, p-o., Loudon co., Va., 148 n. Richmond, 41 W. It contains a flouring m. ca- pable of producing 40 barrels of flour daily, A plaster m., 2 carding machines, an oil m., a saw m., all on Goose cr., a branch of the Potomac. A bridge crosses the cr. of 120 feet span. OitANioNviLLE, p-v., ]\Iiami t., Clermont co., O., 102 s. w. Columbus, 475 W. ObePvLIX, p-v., Russia t., Lorain co., O., 110 n. N. E. Columbus, 379 W. It is the seat of Oberlin Collegiate Institute, which embraces a male and a female department, both en the manual labor system. It was founded in 1832, and has a pre- sident and 10 professors or other instructors, and about 498 students. It has a theological depart- ment. A religious periodical, called the Oberlin Evangelist, is published here. Obies, r., Tenn., rises in Morgan co., Tenn., in Cumberland mountains, and flowing n. and w., and receiving Wolf r. from Ky., it enters Cum- berland r. in the w. part of Overton co. Obion, county, Tenn. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 700 gq. ms. The Missis.sippi r. flows on its w. border. Drained by Obion and Rcelfoot rivers and their branches. Along the Mississippi it is liable to be overflowed. Capital, Troy. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,569, sheep 1,490, swine 23,4u9 ; wheat 10,248 bush, produced, Ind. com 235,715, oats 14,137, potatoes 13,577, tobacco 243,120 pounds, cotton 42,446, sugar 1,897; 8 stores, cap. $13,550; 2 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 6 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,675. 6 acad. 160 students, 10 sen. 222 scholars. Pop. whiles 4,219, slaves 587, free col'dS; total, 4,814. OccoQUAN, p-v.. Prince William co., Va., 96 N. Ricltiiiond, 23 W. Oceana, county, Mich. Situated in the n. w. part of the settled portion of the peninsula, and contains 730 sq. ms. Drained by Maskegon and Rouge rivers. It is unorganized. There were in 1840, 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 496. Oceola, t., Livingston co., Mich. It has 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,000. 8 sch. 151 scholars. Pop. 504. Oceola, p-o.. Perry co., Tenn. Oceola, p-o., Crawford co., O., 68 N. Colum- bus, 412 W. Oceola, p-v., capital of Mississippi co.. Ark., 130 E. iv. E. Little Rock. Situated on the west side of the Mississippi r., and contains a court house and a few dwellings. Oceola Centre, p-v., Livingston co., Mich., 57 w. N. w. Detroit, 560 W. Ociiesse, p-o., Jackson co., Flor. OcMaLGKE, r., Ga. It constitutes the w. and main branch of Altamaha r., rises in Gwinnett and De l{alb counties, and flows in a s. s. e. di- rection 200 ms. to its junction with Oconee r. on the ». border of Montgomery co., where they to- gether form the Altamaha. It is navigable for sieamboats to Macon. OcMULGEEviLLE, p-v., Telfoir CO., Ga., 148 s. iMilledgeville, 759 W. Situated 3 ms. s. of Oc- mulgee r., and 14 above the junction of the Oco- nee and Ocmulgee. Oconee, r., Ga., rises n. e. of the Ocmulgee r., and flows in a s. s. e. direction until it unites with the Ocmulgee, 230 ms. below MilledgeviUe, Steamboats navigate it to MilledgeviUe. Ocracoke Lnlet, N. C, is the pass from the Atlantic ocean into Pamlico sound. On each side of the pas.sage are dangerous shoals, and on the bar is 14 feet water, at low tide. Ocracoke, p-v., Carteret co., N. C. Situated on the s. w. siue of the beach at Ocracoke inlet. It contains about 20 dwellings. 0'Co\nell,sville, p-o., t'hili t., 3Ionroe co^ N. Y., 225 w by n. Albany, 378 W. OHI 489 OHI Ofahoma, p-o., Madison co., Miss., 47 n. by e. Jackson, 985 W. Office Tavern, p-o., Amelia co., Va., 41 s. w. Richmond, 15S W. It contains 1 Presbyte- rian and 1 Methodist church, and a plough fac- tory. Ogden, t, Monroe co., N. Y., 10 w. Rochester, 227 w. by n. Albany. The surface is generally level ; soil, sandy and gravelly loam. Drained by branches of Salmon and Rush creeks. The Erie canal passes through it, on which are Adams' basin, and Spencerport. It has 4 stores, cap. $18,800 ; 1 furnace, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,000. 14 sch. 882 scholars. Pop. 2,404. Ogden, p-v., Henry co., la., 36 e. by n. In- dianapolis, 535 W. Ogden, t., Lenawee co., Blich. It has 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. ill manufac. $5,500. 2 sch. 31 scholars. Pop. 286. Ogden, p-o.. New Madrid co., Mo., 248 s. E. JefTerson City, 8S8 W. Ogdensburg, p-v., and port of entry, Oswe- gatchie t, St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 210 n. n. w. Albany, 477 W. Situated on the e. side of St. Lawrence r., at the mouth of Oswegaichie r. Incorporated in 1817, and contains 5 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 1 Method- ist, and 1 Roman Catholic — an academy, 2 banks, 80 stores and groceries, 2 flouring m., 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 clotliier's works, 1 tannery, 2 iron foundries, 1 brewery, 1 distillery, 2 machine .shops, about 450 dwellings, and 2,526 inhabitants. It is at the lower termination of sloop navigation, but steamboats go to the rapids, 40 ms. below, and thence pass by Ogdensburg to the various places on Lake Ontario. A steam-ferry-boat crosses from this place to Prescott, in Canada, a distance of 1} m. Ogechee, r., Ga., rises 7 ms. n. w. of Greens- boro', in Greene co., and after a course of over 200 ms., flows into Ossabaw sound, 17 ms. s. of Savannah. It is navigable for boats of 30 tons to Louisville, in Jefferson co., and for sloops, 30 or 40 ms. from its mouth. Ogem.*.w, county, Mich. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 576 square miles. Drained principally by Rifle r. It is unorgan- ized. Ogle, county. 111. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 625 sq. ms. Drained by Rock r. and its branches. Capital, Oregon City. There were in 1810, neat cattle 3,333, sheep 597, swine 10,329 ; wheat 69,250 bush, produced, Ind. corn 106,868, oats 41,850, potatoes 46,130, tobac- co 300 pounds, sugar 370 ; 10 stores, cap. $18,000 ; 2 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 12 saw m., 1 acad., 7 sch. 215 scholars. Pop. 3,497. Oglethorpe, county, Ga. Situated toward the n. e. part of the state, and contains 490 sq. ms. Drained by branches of Broad r., which runs on its n. e. border. Capital, Lexington. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,812, sheep 7,479, swine 27,461 ; wheat 33,919 bush, pro- duced, rye 1,180, Ind. corn 490,516, barley 521, oats 66,229, potatoes 19,496, tobacco 1,002 pounds, cotton 2,639,655; 19 stores, cap. $78,000; 1 tan- nery, 1 distillery, 5 flouring m., 23 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $29,715. 3 acad. 107 students, 10 sch. 278 scholars. Pop. whites 4,506, slaves 6,331, free col'd 31 ; total, 10,868. OciTNauiT, p-o., York Co., Me., 82 s. w. Au- gusta, 5 10 W. Ohvtchie, p-o.j Benton co., Ala., 119 e. n. e. Tuscaloosa, 737 W. Ohio, a large river of the United States. Tliis r., if we take into view its length, the richness and populousness, present and prospective, of the vast country which it drains, and the extent of its navigation, is second only to the Mississippi. It is formed by the confluence of the Alleghany from the n. and the iMonongahela from the s. at Pittsburg, in the w. part of Pennsylvania, lat. 40° 23' N. and Ion. 80° 8' w., at the height of 1,138 feet above tidewater in the Atlantic. It pro- ceeds in a direction w. s. w., dividing the states of Virginia and Kentucky on the s. from Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois on the n., and enters the Mississippi, in lat. 37° n. and Ion. 88° 58' w. Its length from Pittsljurg to its moulli, by the course of the river, is 948 miles ; but the ilistance in a direct course, is only 614 miles. It has a de- scent, in its whole course, of 395 feet, making an average descent of not quite 5 inches in a mile. The width of the Ohio varies from 400 to 1,400 yards ; its average width is about 800 yards, which is its width opposite to Cincinnati. Its widest place is at Louisville, Ky. At its mouth, it is about 900 yards wide. The great valley drained by this river contains over 200,000 sq. miles, and a population of over 3,000,000, which is rapidly increasing. There are no considerable falls in this river excepting at Louisville, Ky., where it descends 22j feet in 2 miles. These falls have been obviated by a canal around them, which admits of the passage of the largest steam- boats ; but boats ascend and descend these rapids, when the water is high. The current of the Ohio is very gentle, being, at the mean height of the river, about 3 miles an hour ; at high wa- ter it is more, and at low water not more than 2 miles. The highest water occurs in December, jMarch, 3Iay, and June ; and the lowest, in Au- gust, September, and October. The average dif- ference between high and low water is 50 feet* During 8 or 10 weeks in the winter, the naviga- tion is obstructed by floating ice. Of the 2 con- fluents which form the Ohio, the Alleghany is the most important, being navigable for boats 260 miles to Olean, N. Y., and will hereafter, by means of the Genesee Valley canal, termina- ting at this place, and extending to the Erie canal, form an important communication between the city of New York and the west. The principal tributaries of the Ohio on the n. are the Beaver, Muskingum, Scioto, the 2 Miamis, Whitewater, and Wabash ; those on the s. are the Kanawha, Sandy, Licking, Kentucky, Green, Cumberland, and Tennessee. Some of these are navigable at high water to a great extent, by boats and steam- boats. The Tennessee is navigable by boats for 1,000 miles ; the Cumberland is navigable for steamboats to Nashville, and for keel-boats 300 miles further ; the Wabash is navigable for 200 miles ; Green river 200 miles ; Kentucky, 150 ; Great Kanawha 64 miles, to the salt works. The Ohio, with its tributaries, has 5,000 miles of navi- gable waters. OHIO. Ohio, the northeastern of the Western States, ia bounded n. by Michigan and Lake Erie ; e. by Pennsylvania and Virginia; s. by the Ohio river, which separates it from Virginia and Kentucky ; and w. by Indiana. It is between 38° 30' and 42° n. lat., and between 80° 35' and 84" 47' w. Ion., and between 3° 31' and 7° 41' w. Ion. from W. It is 210 miles long from N- to s., and 200 mile* • 62 OHI 490 Om brosd from E. to w. ; containing 40,000 square rniles, or 25,600,000 acres. The population iu 1790, was 3,000; in 1800, 45,365; in 1810, 230,760; in 1820, 581,434; in 1830, 937,637: in 1840, 1,519,467 ; being the third in population in the United States. Of these, 775,360 were white males ; 726,762 do. females ; 8,740 were free colored males ; 8,602 do. females. Employed in agriculture, 272,.579 ; in commerce, 9,201 ; in manufactures and trades, 66,265 ; in mining, 704 ; navigating the ocean, 212 ; do. rivers, canals, and lakes, 3,323 ; learned professions, .5,663. Tliis state is divided into 79 counties, which, with their population in 1840, and their capitals, are as follows : Adams, 13,183, West Union ; Allen, 9,079, Lima ; Ashtabula, 23,724, Jeffer- son ; Athens, 19,109, Athens ; Belmont, 30,901, St. Clairsville ; Brown, 22,715, Georgetown ; Butler, 28,173, Hamilton; Carroll, 18,108, Carrollton; Champaign, 16,721, Urbanna; Clark, 16,882, Springfield; Clermont, 23,106, Batavia; Clinton, 15,719, Wilmington; Columbiana, 40,378, New Li.sbon ; Coshocton, 21,590, Coshocton; Crawford, 13,152, Bucyrus ; Cuyahoga, 26,506, Cleveland; Darke, 13,282, Greenville; Delaware, 22,060, Delaware; Erie, 12,599, Sandusky City; Fairfield, 31,924, Lancaster; Fayette, 10,984, Washington; Franklin, 25,049, Columbu.s; Gallia, 13,444, Gallipolis; Geauga, 16,297, Chardon ; Greene, 17,523, Xenia; Guernsey, 27,743, Cambridge ; ILymilton, 80,145, Cincinnati ; Hancock, 9,986, Findlay ; Har- din, 4,598, Kenton ; Harrison, 20,099, Cadiz ; Henry, 2,503, Napoleon ; Highland, 22,269, Hills- boro' ; Hocking, 9,741, Logan ; Holmes, 18,088, Millersburg; Huron, 23,933, Norwalk ; Jack- son, 9,744, Jackson; Jefferson, 25,030, Steubenville ; Kno-x, 29,579, Mount Vernon; Lake, 13,719, Painesville, Lawrence, 9,738, Burlington; Licking, 35,096, Newark; Logan, 14,015, Belle Fontaine; Lorain, 18,467, Elyria ; Lucas, 9,382, Toledo; Madison, 9,025, London; Ma- rion, 14,765, 3Iarion ; Medina, 18,352, Medina ; Meigs, 11,452, Chester; Mercer, 8,277, Celina; Miami, 19,688, Troy ; Monroe, 18,521, Woodfield ; Montgomery, 31,938, Dayton ; Morgan, 20,852, McConnelsville ; Muskingum, 38,749, Zanesville ; Ottawa, 2,248, Port Clinton ; Pauld- ing, 1,034, Charloe; Perry, 19,344, Somerset; Pickaway, 19,725, Circleville ; Pike, 7,626, Pike- ton; Preble, 19,482, Eaton ; Portage, 22,963, Ravenna ; Putnam, 5,189, Putnam; Richland, 44,532, Mansfield ; Ross, 27,460, Chilicothe ; Sandusky, 10,182, Lower Sandusky ; Scioto, 11,192, Portsmouth; Seneca, 18,128, Tiffin; Shelby, 12,154, Sidney; Stark, 34,603, Canton ; Summit, 22,560, Akron ; Trumbull, 33,107, Warren ; Tuscaraw.\s, 25,631, New Philadelphia ; Union, 8,422, Marysville ; Van Wert, 1,577, Van Wert; Warren, 23,141, Lebanon; Wash- ington,' 20,823, Marietta; Wayne, 35,808, Wooster; Williams, 4,465, Bryan; Wood, 5,357, Perrysburg. Columbus, on the Scioto, just below the confluence of the Wlietstone, is the seat of govern- ment. The interior of the state, and the country bordering on Lake Erie, are generally level, and in some places marshy. From one quarter to one third of the state, comprehending the eastern and southeastern part, bordering on the Ohio river, is generally hilly and broken, but not mountainous. There is no elevation which deserves the name of a mountain, in the whole state. The interval lands on the Oliio, and several of its tributarie.s, have great fertility. On both sides of the Scioto, and of the Great and Little Miami, are the most extensive bodies of rich and level land in the state. On the head waters of the Muskingum and Scioto, and between the Scioto and the two Miami rivers are extensive prairies, some of them low and marshy, producing a great quantity of coarse grass, from 2 to 5 feet high ; other parts of the prairies arc elevated and dry, with a very fer- tile soil, though they are sometimes called barrens. The height of land which divides the waters which fall into the Ohio from those which fall into Lake Erie, is the most marshy of any in the state ; while the land on the margins of the rivers is generally dry. Among the forest trees are blackvvalnut, oak of various species, hickory, maple of several kinds, beech, birch, poplar, syca- more, ash of several kinds, pawpaw, buckeye, cherry, and whitewood, w'hich is extensively used as a substitute for pine. Wheat may be regarded as the staple jwoduction of the state, but Indian corn and other grains are produced in great abundance. Although Ohio has already become so populous, it is surprising to the traveller to observe what an amount of forest is yet unsubdued. The summers are warm and pretty regular, but subject, at times, to severe drought. The win- ters are generally mild, but much less so in the northern than in the southern part of the state. Near Lake Eric, the winters are probably as severe as in the same latitude on the Atlantic. In the country for .50 miles south of Lake Erie, there are generally a number of weeks of good sleigh- ing in the winter; but in the soutliern part of the stale, the snow is too small in quantity, or of too short continuance, to produce good sleighing for any considerable time. In the neighborhood of Cincinnati green peas are produced in plenty by the 20th of May. In parts of the state near marshes and stagnant waters, fevers and agues, and bilious and other fevers, are prevalent. With this exception, the climate of Ohio may be regarded as healthful There were in this slate in 1840, 430,527 horses and mules; 1,217,874 neat cattle; 2,028,401 sheep ; 2,099,746 swine ; poultry, to the value of §551,193. There were produced 16,571,661 bush, of wheat; 212,440 of barley ; 14,393,103 of oats; 814,205 of rye; 633,139 of buckwheat; 33,668,144 OHI 491 ^OHT of Indian com; 3,685,315 pounds of wool ; 62,195 of liops ; 33,950 of wax; 5,805,021 busliels of potatoes ; 1,022,037 tons of hay ; 9,080 of hemp and flax ; 5,912,275 pounds of tobacco ; 4,317 of silk cocoons ; 6,363,3S6 of sugar ; the products of the dairy were valued at $1,81*^,869 ; of the orchard at !5475,271 ; of lumber $262,821. There were made 11,521 gallons of wine ; and 6,809 tons of pot and pearl ashes. Salt springs have been found on Yellow cr., in Jefferson county ; on the waters of Killbuck, in Wayne county ; on Muskingum river, near Zanesville ; and at various other places. Bitu- minous coal is found in great quantities in the eastern part of the state, particularly near Massilon, in Stark county, and in Tallmadge, in Summit county. This coal is delivered to consumers in Cleveland for 15 cents a bushel. Iron ore is foimd in various places, particularly near Zanesville, and on Bush or., in Adams county. The Ohio river, which gives name to the state, washes its entire southern border. This river is 908 miles long, from Pittsburg to its mouth, by its various windings, though it is only 614 in a straight line. Its current is gentle, with no falls excepting at Louisville, Kentucky, where there is a descent of 225 feet in two miles, but this has been obviated by a canal. For about half the year it is navigable for steamboats of a large class through its whole course. The Muskingum, the largest river which flows entirely in the state, is formed by the junction of the Tuscarawas and Walholding rivers, and enters the Ohio at Marietta. It is navigable for boats 100 miles. The Scioto, the second river in magnitude flowing entirely within the state, is about 200 miles long, and enters the Ohio at Portsmouth. Its largest branch is the Wiietstone or Olentangy, which joins it immediately above Columbus. It is navigable for boats 130 miles. The Great Miami is a rapid river in the western part of the state, 100 ms. long, and enters the Ohio in thes. w. corner of the state. The Little Miami has a course of 70 miles, and enters the Ohio 7 miles above Cincinnati. The Maumee is 100 miles long, rises in Indiana, runs through the n. w. part of this state, and enters Lake Erie at Maumee bay. It is navigable for steamboats to Perrysburg, 18 miles from the lake, and above the rapids is boatable for a considerable distance. The Sandusky rises in the northern part of the state, and, after a course of about 80 miles, it enters Sandusky bay, and thence into Lake Erie. The Cuyahoga rises in the n. part of the state, and, after a curved course of 60 miles, enters Lake Erie at Cleveland. It has a number of falls which furnisli valuable mill seats. Besides these, Huron, Vermilion, Black, Grand, and Ashtabula rivers fall into Lake Erie. Lake Erie borders this state for about 150 miles, and has several harbors, among which the largest are made by Maumee and Sandusky bays. Besides these are the harbors of Huron, Cleve- land, Fairport, and Ashtabula. Cincinnati, on the Ohio, is much the largest and most commercial city of the state. Next in rank is Cleveland, on Lake Erie, at the mouth of the Cuyahoga, and the Ohio canal. Besides these, Dayton, Columbus, Steubenville, Zanesville, Chilicothe, Lancaster, Newark, Circleville, and Massilon are flourishing places, with considerable trade. The exports of this state in 1840 amomited to $991,954 ; and the imports to $4,915. There were 53 commercial and 241 commission houses engaged in foreign traiie, with a capital of $5,928,200 ; 4,605 retail drygoods and other stores, with a capital of $21,282,225 ; 2,891 persons employed in the lumber trade, with a capital of $373,268 ; 854 persons engaged in internal transportation, who, with 1,061 butchers, packers, &c., employed a capital of ,$4,617,570. Tlie amount of home-made or family manufactures was $1,853,937 ; there were 130 woollen manufactories, and 206 fulling mills, producing goods to the amount of $685,757, employing 935 persons, and a capital of $537,985 ; 8 cotton manufactories, with 13,754 spindles, employing 246 persons, producing articles to the amount of $139,378, and employing a capital of $113,500; 72 fur- naces produced 35,236 tons of cost iron, and 19 forges, &c., produced 7,466 tons of bar iron, con- suming 104,312 tons of fuel, employing 2,263 persons, and a capital of $1,161,900; 434 persons pro- duced 3,513,409 bushels of bituminous coal, with a capital of $45,525 ; 14 paper manufactories, employing 305 persons, produced articles to the amount of $270,202, with a capital of $208,200 ; 31 persons manufactured flax, producing the amount of $11,737, with a capital of $242 ; hats and caps were manufactured to the amount of $728,513, and straw bonnets to the amount of $3,028, the whole employing 963 persons, and a capital of $369,637 ; 812 tanneries employed 1,790 persons, with a capital of $957,333 ; 1,160 other manufactories of leather, as saddleries, &c., produced articles to the amount of $1,986,146, with a capital of $917,245 ; 187 persons manufactured tobacco to the amount of $212,818, with a capital of $68,810; 99 potteries employed 199 persons, manufac- turing to the amount of $89,754, employing a capital of $43,450 ; 858 persons produced machinery to the value of $875,731 ; 289 persons produced hardware and cutlery to the amount of $393,300 ; 70 persons produced 3 cannon, and 2,450 small-arms; 37 persons manufactured the precious metals to the amountof $53,125 ; 589 persons manufactured other metals to the amount of $782,901 ; 70 persons produced drugs and paints to the amount of $101,880, with a capital of $126,335 ; 401 persons manufactured granite and marble to the amount of $256,131 ; 1,469 persons produced bricks and lime to the amount of $712,697 ; 13 persons, in 2 powder mills, produced 222,500 pounds of powder OHI 492 OHI with a capital of $18,000 ; 105 persons manufactured 3,603,036 pounds of soap, 2,318,456 pounds of tallow candles, 151 pounds of spermaceti and wax candles, employing a capital of $186,780; 390 distilleries produced 6,329,467 gallons, and 59 breweries produced 1,422,584 gallons, the whole em- ploying 798 persons and a capital of $893,119; 21 ropewalks, employing 66 persons, produced articles to the amount of $89,750, with a capital of $37,675 ; 11 persons produced musical instru- ments to the amount of $8,454, with a capital of $5,000 ; 1,490 persons manufactured carriages and wagons to the amount of $701,228, with a capital of $290,540 ; 536 flouring mills produced 1,311,954 barrels of flour, and with other mills employed 4,661 persons, producmg articles to the amount of $8,863,213, with a capital of $4,931,024; vessels were built to the amount of $522,855; 1,928 persons manufactured furniture to the amount of $761,146, employing a capital of $534,317; 970 brick or stone houses, and 2,764 wooden houses, employed 6,060 persons, and cost $3,776,823 ; 159 printing offices, 41 binderies, 9 daily, 7 semi-weekly, and 107 weekly newspapers, and 20 periodicals, employed 1,175 persons, and a capital of $446,720. The whole amount of capital em- ployed in manufactures was $16,905,257. Among the principal literary institutions, the University of Ohio, at Athens, was founded in 1821 ; the Miami University, at Oxford, was foimded in 1809. These institutions have been endow- ed by large grants of lands. The Franklin College, at New Athens, was foimded in 1825 ; the West- ern Reserve College, at Hudson, was founded in 1826; Kenyon College, at Gambler, (Episcopal,) was founded in 1826 ; Granville College, at Granville, (Baptist,) was founded in 1832 ; IMarietta Col- lege, at Marietta, was founded in 1832 ; the Oberlin Collegiate Institute, at Oberlin, was founded in 1834 ; Cincinnati College, at Cincinnati, was founded 1819 ; as was also Woodward College, at the same place. Willoughby University, at Willoughby, is a medical institution, with a college charter. Lane Theological Seminary, at Cincinnati, was founded in 1829. There are also theological depart- ments in Kenyon Western Reserve and Granville colleges, and in the Oberhn Institute ; a Lu- theran theological school at Columbus ; two medical and one law school at Cincinnati. At all these institutions there were in 1840, 1,717 students. There were in the state 73 academies, with 4,310 students; 5,186 common and primary schools, with 218,609 scholars. There were 35,394 white pcr.>:ons over 20 years of age who could neither read nor wTite. In 1836 the Presbyterians had 247 ministers ; the Methodists had 200 ministers ; the Baptists had 170 ministers ; the Lutherans had 47 ministers ; the Epispopalians had 1 bishop and 25 ministers; the German Reformed had 26 ministers. Besides these there are a considerable num- ber of Friends and Catholics, and a few others. There were in this state, at the commencement of 1810, 37 banks and branches, with an aggre- gate capital of $10,507,521, and a circulation of $4,607,127. The state debt, in Sept., 1840, was $991,954. There is a state penitentiary at Columbus. This state has a number of important works of internal improvement. The Ohio canal extends from Cleveland, on Lake Erie, 307 miles, to Portsmouth, on the Ohio. It has a navigable feeder of 14 miles to Zanesville ; one of 10 miles to Columbus ; and 1 of 9 miles to Lancaster ; one to Athens of 50 miles ; the Walholding Branch of 23 miles ; the Eastport Branch of 4 miles, and the Dresden of 2 miles. This great work was begun in 1825, and was finished in 1832, at a cost of $5,000,000. The Miami canal extends from Cincinnati, 178 miles, to Defiance, where it meets the Wabash and Erie canal. The cost was $3,750,000. The whole distance to Lake Erie is 265 mile.s. The Warren canal, a branch of the above, extends from Middletown, 20 miles, to Lebanon. The Sandy and Beaver canal is to extend from the Ohio canal, at Bolivar, 76 miles, to Ohio river, at the mouth of Little Beaver creek. Cost estimated at $1,500,000. The Mahoning canal extends from the Ohio canal, at Akron, 88 miles, 8 of which are in Pa., to Beaver river, at a cost of $764,372. Milan canal extends from Huron, 3 miles, to Milan, to which steamboats now ascend. The Mad River and Sandusky City railroad extends from Tiffin, 36 miles, to Sandusky City. Tlie Ohio railroad extends from IManhattan, 40 miles, to Sandusky City. The governor is elected by the people for 2 years. The senators are chosen biennially, and are apportioned according to the number of white male inhabitants over 21 years of age. The num- ber can never be less than one third, nor more than one half of the number of the representatives. The representatives are apportioned among the counties according to the number of inhabitants over 21 ; and there can never be more than 72, nor less than 36. The judges of the supreme and other courts are elected by the joint ballot of the legislature, for the terra of seven years. The right of suffrage is enjoyed by all white male inhabitants, over 21 years of age, who have resided in the state one year ne.xt preceding the election, and who have paid or been assessed with a state or county tax. The first permanent English settlement, in Ohio, was made April 7th, 1788, at Marietta; and the first jtidicial court was lield there in Sept. of the same year, under an act of congress passed in 1786. The next settlement was that of Symmcs's Purchase, 6 miles below Cincinnati, in 1789. Tbe n,e^t was made by French emigrants, at Gallipolis, in 1791. The next was made on Lake Erie, OHI 493 OLD at Cleveland and Conneaut, in 1796, by emigrants from New England. In 1799 the first territorial legislature met at Cincinnati, and organized the government. Early in 1800 Connecticut relin- quished her jurisdiction over the Western Reserve, and received a title to the land, which she sold to constitute her great school fund. In 1802 Ohio formed her state constitution, and was admitted to the Union. Ohio, county, Va. Situated in the k. w. part of the slate, and contains rJ5 square miles. The Ohio r. bounds it on the w., along wliich it e.v- tends 3G miles, with a mean width of 12 miles. Drained by Wheeling creek and other small streams flowing into the Ohio r. The surface is hilly and broken ; sail, fertile, particularly the alluvial bottoms on the Ohio r. Capital, 'Wheel- ing. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,'252, sheep 26,639, swine 9,651 ; wheat 124,996 bush, produced, rye 2,276, Ind. corn 233,537, buck- wheat 1,434, barley 599, oats 145,M65, potatoes 43,0S6, sugar 3,909 ; bituminous coal 1,178,000 bu.shels ; 91 stores, cap. $464,850; 4 furnaces, 1 forge ; 6 lumber yards, cap. $21,400; 2 woollen f;ic., 1 cotton fac. 400 sp., 7 tanneries, 1 distillery, 3 glass fac, 2 potteries, 12 flouring m., 7 grist m., II saw m., 4 paper fac, 3 printing oHlces, 3 weekly, 2 semi-weekly, and 1 periodical news- papers. Cap. in manulac. $519,633. 2 acad. 90 students, 29 schools, 999 scholars. Pop. whites 12,842, slaves 212, free col'd 3l)3; total, 13,357. Ohio, county, Ky. Centrally situated toward the N. w. part of the state, and contains 576 sq. nis. Green r. runs on its s. border. Drained by Rougli cr. and its branches, and Panther creek, branches of Green r. Capital, Hartford. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,028, sheep 6,511, swhie 25,092 ; wheat 30,646 bushels produced, rye 1,205, Ind. corn 240,015, oats 42,t)91, potatoes 6,720, tobacco 954,709 pounds ; 17 stores, cap. $70,200 ; 1 cotton fac. 30 sp., 4 tanneries, 3 dis- tillerie.s, 2 flouring m., 7 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,650. 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. whites 5,747, slaves 823, free col'd 22; total, 6,592. Ohio, p-t., Herkimer co., N. Y., 108 n. w. Al- bany, 423 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, well adapted to grass. Drained by West Canada cr. and its branches. It has 1 store, cap. $300 ; 5 saw rn. Cap. in manufac. $4,100. 6 sch. 231 scholars. Pop. 692. Ohio, t., Alleghany co,, Pa., 11 n. w. Pitts- burg. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam and allu- vion. Ohio r. runs on its s. w. border. Drained by Great and Little Sewickly creeks, and Jones's sind Hawser's runs, which flow w. into the Ohio. It has 3 stores, cap. $2,300 ; 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,100. 2 acad. 71 students, 9 .sch. 302 scholars. Pop. 1,631. Ohio, t., Beaver co., Pa., 10 s. w. Reaver. The surface is rolling ; soil, loam and rich allu- vion. Watered by Little Beaver cr. flowing into Ohio r. at its s. w. angle. It has 4 stores, cap. $■7,300 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,200. 7 sch. 229 scholars. Pop. 1,273. Ohio, t., Clermont co., O. It has 14 stores, cap. $18,000 ; 3 lumber yards, cap. $1,428 ; 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $44,610. 6 sch. 275 scholars. Pop. 2,895. Ohio, t., Gallia co., O. The Ohio r. nins on its E. and s. border. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 1 forge, 1 tannery. Cap. in manufac. $200. Pop. 424. Ohio, t., Warwick co., la. It has 3 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. 690. Ohio, t.. Boone co.. 111. It has 1 sch. 30 schol- ars. Pop. 143. Ohio Citv, Brooklyn t., Cuyahoga county, O., 145 N. N. E. Columbus, 360 W. Situated on Lake Erie, at the mouth of the Cuyahoga r., opposite to Cleveland. The ground on which it stands is uneven, and presents many fine situations, which overlook the lake, the city of Cleveland, and sur- rounding country. It has an elegant Episcopal, a Presbyterian, and other churches, a considerable number of fine stores and neat buildings. A bridge crosses the Cuyahoga a little above the place, and a floating bridge and ferry connect it with Cleveland. It contains a large iron foundry, and a number of mechanic shops. The harbor, at the mouth of the Cuyahoga, it has in common with Cleveland. It has 7 stores, cap. $13,500 ; 7 com'n houses, cap. $2,000 ; 2 furnaces. Pop. 1,577. OiiropYLE Falls, Pa., is a cataract in the Voughiogeny r., at ilie head of boat navigation, where it passes Laurel Hill, 60 ms. above its junction with the Monongahela. The river has a perpendicular fall of about 20 feet, and a total descent of 60 feet in the space of a mile. Ohioville, p-v., Ohio t., Beaver co.. Pa., 243 w. by N. Harrisburg, 269 W. It contains 2 stores and 30 dwellings. Ohls Town, p-o., Trumbull co., O. Oil, creek. Pa., enters Alleghany r., 8 miles E. Franklin. On its b.mk, near the boundary between Venango and Crawford counties, is a spring, on the surface of which floats an oil, which has valuable medicinal properties, from which the cr. derives its name. Oil Creek, p-t., Crawford co.. Pa., 227 n. w. by w. Harrisburg, 308 W. Drained by Oil cr. and its branches. It has 6 stores, 6 sch. 80 scholars. Pop. 733. Oil Spring, p-o., Cuba t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 280 w. by s. Albany, 320 W. Okkuddo, county, Mich. Situated centrally in the n. part of the state, and contains 576 sq. nis. Drained by head waters of Au Sable and Cheboygan rivers. It is unorganized. Oktibbeha, county. Miss. Situated n. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 625 sq. ms. Oktibbeha r. crosses its n. e. corner, and Runa- way cr. its s. w. corner. Capital, Starksville There were in 1810, neat cattle 8,447, sheep 764, swine 10,042; wheat 2,475 bush, produced, Ind. corn 158,990, oats 16,061, potatoes 10,898, tobacco 1,900 pounds, cotton 1,834,444; 4 stores, cap. $36,200; 2 grist m., 3 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $24,000. 13 sch. 247 scholars. Pop. whites 2,064, slaves 2,197, free col'd 15; total, 4,276. Olantangy, p-o., Crawford co., O., 68 n. Co- lumbus, 400 W. Olcott, p-v., New Fane t., Niagara co., N. Y., 284 w. by n. Albany 414 W. Situated on Lake Ontario, at the mouth of Eighteen Mile cr., and contains 6 stores, 1 forwarding house, and about 60 dweUings and 400 inhabitants. It has a good harbor. Large salmon trout are taken in great numbers near this place. Old Bridge, p-v.. North Berwick t., Middle- sex CO., N. J., 34 N. E. Trenton, 200 W. It con- tains 6 or 8 dwellings. Old Church, p-o., Hanover co., Va., 15 n. Richmond, 129 W. Old Church, p-o., Burke co., Ga., 90 e. Mil- ledgeville, 612 W. Old Court House, p-o., Bryan co., Ga., 125 s. E. Jlilledgeville, 679 W. OLD 494 OME Old Codorus, t., York co., Pa., 10 s. w. York. The surface is rolling; soil, gravelly and indif- ferent. Drained by Codorus or. and its branches. It has 4 stores, cap. $13,000; 1 tannery, 28 dis- tilleries, 5 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $26,025 3 sch. 97 scholars. Pop. 1,131. Old Fort, p-o., Centre co., Pa., 77 n. w. Har- risburg, 169 W. Old Fort, p-o., Burke co., N. C, 232 w. Ra- leigh, 462 W. Oldham, county, Ky. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 220 sq. ma. The Ohio r. runs on its n. w. border. Drained l)y the head branches of Floyd's Fork of Salt r., Harrod's cr., and other small creeks which flow into the Ohio r. Capital, La Grange. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,803, sheep 9,702, swine 19,144; wheat 87,846 bush, produced, rye 2,967, Ind. corn 419,927,oats 72,761, potatoes 8,163, tobacco 162,078 pounds, sugar 2,191; 14 stores, cap. $54,900; 2 tanneries, 16 distilleries, 1 pottery, 3 flouring m., 11 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. .$51,165. 1 acad. 20 students, 14 sch. 320 scholars. Pop. whites 4,858, slaves 2,377, free col'd 145; total, 7,380. Old Hickory, p-o., Bradford co.. Pa., 163 n. Harrisburg, 272 W. Old Hickory, p-o., Wayne co., O., 104 n. e. Columbus, 347 W. Old Jefferson, p-v., Saline co., Mo., 83 n. w. Jefferson City, 988 W. Old Mans, v., Brookhaven t., Suffolk co., N. Y. Situated around the head of Old Man's har- bor, and contains about 20 dwellings. Old Mines, p-v., Wasliingtou co.. Mo., 112 s. E. Jefferson City, 872 W. Old PoiiNT Comfort, p-o., Elizabeth City co., Va., 97 E. s. E. Richmond, 212 W. It is called also Fortress Monroe, and constitutes the n. point at the entrance of James r., 3 ms. distant from Willoughby point, the s. entrance. The fort is on the point, a mile from Fort Calhoun, on the Rip Raps, which 2 forts command the entrance of the r. The beach is much resorted to in the summer for sea-bathing, and has a commodious hotel near the fort. Old Salem, p-o., 'Washington co., Tenn., 276 E. Nashville, 478 W. Situated on Little Lime- stone cr., 11 ms. s. w. Jonesboro'. Old Town, p-t., Penobscot co.. Me., 80 n. e. Augusta, 675 W. Situated on the w. side of Pe- nobscot r., and contains a part of Marthas island, in the r. This t. contains a setllcment of the Penobscot Indians, on an island situated in the Penobscot r., commonly called Indian Old Town. The remnant of this tribe consists of about 95 families and 360 individuals. They receive a considerable annuity from the state, for lands which they have sold. They have a small Ro- man Catholic church, and a considerable number of small dwelUngs for themselves. The island is fertile, and they cultivate corn and vegetables. Many shad are taken iiere in the spring of the year. There are in the t. 11 stores, cap. $25,850 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 35 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $351,000. 8 sch. 029 scholars. Pop. 2,342. Old Town, p-v., Alleghany co., Md., 191 n. w. Annapolis, 124 W. Situated on the Potomac r., 14 ms. below Cumberland. Old Town, p-v., Stokes co., N. C, 115 w. n. w. Raleigh, 326 W. Old Town, p-v., Pliilip's co., Ark. Situated w. of the Missis.sippi r. There are many curious remains in the vicinity. Old Town, p-v., Claiborne co., Tenn.. 224 e. by N. Nashville, 496 W. Pld Town, p-o., Greenup co., Ky., 137 e. by .N. Frankfort, 431 W. Situated on Old Town cr. ai its entrance into Little Sandy r. Olean, p-t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 293 w. by .s. Albany, 307 W. The surface is hilly and broken ; soil, sandy loam, generally covered with a dense pine forest. Watered by Allegha)iy r. and its tributaries. The v. is situated on the .\. side of Alleghany r., at the termination of the Genesee Valley canal. It contains 1 Presby- terian and 1 Episcopal church, 8 stores, 1 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 tannerj', about 100 dwellings, and 600 inhabitants. Lumber is exported to a largo amount down Alleghany r. to the Ohio. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $23,000 ; 1 tannery, I grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,550. 2 sell. 100 scholars. Pop. 633. Oleander, p-o., Morgan co., Ala., 128 n. n. e., Tuscaloosa, 719 W. Ole.mo.n, p-v., Greenbush t., Penobscot co., Me., 98 N. E. Augusta, 693 W. Situated on the Olemon r., at its entrance into the Penobscot r. Ole.n'a, p-o., Warren co., 111., 112 n. w. Spring- field, 858 W. Oley, p-t., Berks co., Pa., 62 e. Harrisburg, 155 W. The surface is level ; soil, calcareous loam, highly cultivated. Watered by the head branches of Manatawny and Manooldsy creeks. It contains 2 churches — 1 German Presbyterian and 1 Lutheran; 5 stores, cap. $16,500; 2 fur- naces, 3 forges, 2 tanneries, 2 paper m., 6 grist m., 8 saw m., 2 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $13,500. Pop. 1,877. Olive, p-t., Ulster co., N. Y., 72 s. s. w. Alba- ny, 326 W. The surface is generally uneven, and on the w. mountainous ; soil, gravel and clay loam. Drained by I^sopns cr. It has 2 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 1 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,050 ; 9 sch. 305 scholars. Pop. 2,023. Olive, p-t., Morgan co., O., 96 E. by s. Colum- bus, 310 W. It contains the v. of Sharon. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $5,600 ; 4 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 1 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $2,960. 8 sch. 247 scholars. Pop. 1,052. Olive, p-o., McMinn co., Tenn., 159 e. s. e Nashville, 566 W. Olive, t., Meigs co., O. Watered by Shade r. and its branches. It has 3 stores, cap. $4,400 ; 1 tannery, saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,000. 7 sch. 141 scholars. Pop. 743. Olive Grove, po., Decatur co., Ga., 241 s. s. w. Milledgevillo, 888 W. Olive Hill, p-o., Carter co., Ky., 116 e. Frank- fort, 444 W. Oliver, t., Mifflin co., Pa. It has 3 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 1 forge, 3 grist in., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,420. 10 sch. 323 scholars. Pop. 1,907. Oliver, t.. Perry co., Pa. It has 5 stores, cap. $18,500 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $19,750. Pop. 796. Oliver's, p-o., Anderson co., Tenn., 162 e. Nashville, 527 W. Oliversborg, p-v., Milton t., Richland co., O., 73 N. by E. Columbus, 374 W. Situated on the E. side of Whetstone r. It has 2 stores, 1 grist m., and about 20 dwellings. Oliver's Prairie, p-o., Newton co., Mo. Olmstead, t., Cuyahoga co., O. It was former- ly called Lenox. It has 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap in manufac. $500. 6 sch. 355 scholars. Pop. 059. Ol.ney, p-v., capital of Richland co., 111. Sit- uated on the E. siae of Little Wabash r. Omeb, p-v., Villenova t., Jefferson co., N. Y , ONE 495 ONO 187 N. w. Albany, 437 W. Situated on the w. brancli of Connewango cr., and contains 2 churches, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 fulling m., about 25 dwellings, and 150 inhabitants. Omega, p-o.. Pike co., O., 64 s. Columbus, 411 W. Ompompanoosuc, r., Vt., rises in the N. w. part of Vershire t., and enters Connecticut r. in the N. E. part of Norwich. It is about 20 ms. long, and affords good water power. O.VANCOCK, p-v., Accomac co., Va., 185 e. by N. Richmond, 205 W. Situated on the e. shore of Cliesapeakc bay, at the entrance of Onancock inlet, 8 s. w. by w. Drummondtown. Onecho, p-o., Montgomery co., Tenn., 30 n. w. Nashville, 714 W. Oneco, p-o., Stephenson co.. 111., 222 n. Spring- field, 842 W. Oneida Lake, N. Y., borders on Oneida, Mad- ison, Onondaga, and Oswego counties. It is 22 ms. long and from 4 to 6 broad. It receives Wood, Oneida, Chittenango creeks, and other small streams. It abounds with fine fish. Its outlet flows into Oswego r. Oneida, cr., N. Y., rises in Madison co., and flows into Oneida lake. It is navigable 3 ms., to Oneida Castle v. It affords good water power, and is employed as a feeder to the Erie canal. Oneida, county, N. Y. Situated n. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 1,101 sq. ms. The surface is diversified by gentle hills and well cultivated valleys ; soil, very productive, adapted to grain. Drained by black and Mohawk rivers, and their tributaries, and by Oriskany, Sadaquada, Fisli, Wood, and Oneida creeks. It contains potters' clay, iron ore, gypsum, water limestone, peat, and marl. The Erie canal, with the Chenango canal, and the line of western railroads, pass through it. Capitals, Utica, Rome, and Whitesboro'. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 92,669, sheep 177,070, swine 66,543 ; wheat 23-t,159 bu.sh. produced, rye 6,064, Ind. corn 361,075, buckwheat 30,210, barley 98,331, oats 657,952, potatoes 1,574,109, hops 38,724 pounds, sugar 286,502 ; 2 commercial and 3 commission houses, cap. $58,000; 332 stores, cap. $2,684,575 ; 5 lumber yards, cap. $55,400 ; 14 furnaces, 1 forge, 40 fuUuig m., 23 woollen fac, 13 cotton fac. 37,316 sp., 2 dyeing and printing establish- ments, 61 tanneries, 2 rope fac, 11 distilleries, 4 breweries, 3 glass fac, 2 potteries, 5 flouring m., 57 grist m., 248 saw m., 2 oil m., 6 paper fac, 9 printing offices, 9 weekly newspapers. Cap. in raanufac. $2,829,376. 2 colleges, 190 students, 24 acad. 2,035 students, 441 sch. 20,166 scholars. Pop. 85,310. Oneida, p-t., Eaton co., Mich., 130 w. by n. Detroit, 600 W. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,000. Pop. 265. Oneida Castle, p-v., Vernon t., Oneida co., N. Y., 113 w. N. w. Albany, 366 W. Situated on both sides of Oneida cr. Incorporated in 1841. It contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Baptist chur(;h, 2 stores, about 60 dwellings, and 400 in- habitants. Oneida Depot, p-o., Verona t, Madison co., N. Y. Situated on the Syracuse and Utica rail- road, and contains a few dwellings. Oneida Lake, p-o., Lenox t., Madison co., N. Y., 123 w. N. w. Albany, 372 W. Oneida r., N. Y., forms the outlet of Oneida lake. After running w. in a circuitous course, it tmites with Seneca r. to form Oswego r. Oneonta, p-t., Otsego co., N. Y., 20 s. Coop- erstown, 79 w. Albany, 349 W. The surface is somewhat broken, with fertile flats along the Btreams. Watered by Susquehanna r. and its branches, Charlotte r. and Otego cr. The v. ie situated on Susquehanna r., and contains 3 churches, 10 stores, 1 woollen fac, 1 iron foundry, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 distillery, 90 dwellings, and about 500 inhabitants. There are in the t. 8 stores, cap. $20,000 ; 2 furnaces, 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $23,790. I acad. 35 students, 13 sch. 555 scholars. Pop. 1,936. Onion, r. Vt., rises by several small streams in Cabot, and flows s. and s. w. to Montpelier, where it receives a large branch, and thence flowa , northwesterly, until it enters Lake Champlain, 5 ms. N. of Burlington v. From Montpelier, it passes the Green mountain range, which towers precipitously on each side, with barely sufficient space on its margin at some places for the road which forms the only easy passage through these mountains. This r. has falls, which afford good water power. The narrow valley through which this r. passes, subjects it, at times, to great and sudden rises. Oxo, p-o., Edgar co., 111., 120 e. Springfield, 671 W. O.nondaga Lake, N. Y., situated in the n. part of Onondaga co., is 8 ms. long, and from 2 to 4 broad, and is famous for the salt springs which are found on its borders, though its own waters are fresh. Onondaga, county, N. Y. Centrally situated toward the n. part of the state, and contains 711 sq. ms. The surface is level on the n., and moderately hilly s. The soil is a fertile calcare- ous loam. It contains Oneida, Skeneatles and Otisco lakes, and has Oneida lake on its N. E. border. Drained by Oneida and Seneca rivers, which unite and form Oswego r. The brine springs of this co. are owned by the state, and yield a large revenue. In the villages of Sa- lina, Syracuse, Liverpool and Geddes, which are near together., there were produced in 1840, 2,622,335 bushels of salt, yielding a revenue to the state of $162,404. The Erie canal passes through the co., and the Oswego canal extends from Syracuse to Lake Ontario. The great western railroad also passes through it. Capital, Salina. There were in 1840, neat cattle 46,020, sheep 159,650, swine 61,733 ; wheat 655,799 bush, produced, rye 3,593, Ind. corn 401,303, buckwheat 14,420, barley 334,615, oats 533,762, potatoes 800,317, sugar 178,520 pounds ; 264 stores, cap. $1,082,300; 5 lumber yards, cap. $19,700 ; 2,864,634 bush, of domestic salt ; 1 fur- nace, 23 fulling m., 10 woollen fiic, 3 cotton fac. 3,792 sp., 43 tanneries, 7 distilleries, 1 brewery, 23 flom-ing m., 29 grist m., 1 14 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 paper fac, 6 printing offices, 1 periodical, 1 daily, 5 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $1,402,305. 12 acad. 1,532 students, 333 sch. 17,870 scholars. Pop. 67,911. Onondaga, p-t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 5 s. Syracuse, 133 w. by N. Albany, 346 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, a fertile clay loam. Drain- ed by Onondaga cr. The v. contains 1 Presby- terian and 1 Episcopal church, 2 stores, 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. The situ- ation is elevated, commanding a fine prospect. There are in the t. I acad. 224 students, 35 sch. 1,748 scholars. Pop. 5,653. Onondaga, p-o., Ingham co., Mich., 96 w. by N. Detroit, 582 W. Onondaga, p-o., Marshall co., la., 122 N. Indi- anapolis, 641 W. Onondaga Hollow, p-v., Onondaga t., Onon- daga CO., N. Y., 4 s. Syracuse, 131 w. by N. Albany, 341 W. It contains 1 Presbyterian and ONT 496 ORA 1 Methodist church, an academy, 3 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 plaster m., 100 dwellings, and about 800 inhabitants. Tliree ms. s. are ihe remains of the trihe oi' Onondaga Indians, amounting to the number of 350 nersons. Onslow Bay, N. C, a name given to a por- tion of the Atlantic, between Cape Fear and Cape Lookout, where the shore has a considera- ble curve inward, along which, at a distance from it of from 1 to 2 ms., stretches a chain of nar- row, long and low islands, with shallow inlets between them. Onslow, county, N. C. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and contains 7'2() sq. nis. The surface is low and level. Drained by New r. and its brandies. Capital, Onslow C. H. There -were in 1840, neat cattle 9,003, sheep 5,1G1, swine 23,128; wheal 2,117 bush, produced, rye 1,556, Ind. corn 22S,759, oats 8,126, potatoes 74,924, rice 4,411 nounds, cotton 218,104 ; 4 stores, cap. §35,000 ; 3 flouring m., 18 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in rnanufac. $13,825. 3 sch. 71 schol- ars. Pop. whites 4,675, slaves 2,739, free col'd 113; total, 7,527. Onslow, C. II., p-v., capital of Onslow co., N. C, 145 s. E. Raleigh, 372 W. Situated on the e. side of New r. It contains a court house and a few dwellings. 0.\TARio Lake, N. Y. The easternmost of the great chain of lakes of North America. It re- ceives the waters of the upper lakes through Niagara r., and discharges its waters tlirough the St. Lawrence r. into the Atlantic, which is nearly 1,000 ms. distant from it. It is about 190 ms. long, 55 wide, and 480 ms. in circumference. The middle of it forms the boundary between the United States and Canada. It is navigable throughout its whole extent for vessels of the largest class, and is in some places more than 6lX) feet deep. The surface is ^34 feet lower than Lake Erie, with which it is connected by the Welland canal in Canada, and the Niagara r. Many vessels and steamboats are employed upon it, and so great is its depth that it rarely freezes in the winter, excepting in shallow places near the shore. It has several important places on its shores, as Kingston, Toronto, Niagara and Coburg, in Canada ; and Oswego, Sackeit's Har- bor, and Fort Genesee or Charlotte, in the United States. The Oswego and Erie canals, and Hud- son r., connect it with the Atlantic. 3Iuch of the trade of New York with the west passes through it, by the Oswego and VVelland canals. Ontario, county, N. Y. Situated centrally in the w. part of tiie state, and contains 617 sq. ms. The surface is various ; the soil is generally a fertile loam. It has Canandaigua lake in the centre, Seneca lake on the E., and Candia, iloneoye, and Hemlock lakes on the w. The outlet of Canandaigua lake Hows into Seneca r. The lakes further w. discharge their waters into Genesee r. Iron ore, gypsum, and marl, are found abundainly. It contains a spring, wliich emits carburetted hydrogen, or inllammablc gas, and some sulphur springs. The Erie canal touches its n. border, and the Auburn and Ro- chester railroad passes through it. Capital, Can- andaigua. There were in 1840, neat cattle 34,300, sheep 172,190, swine 46,837 ; wheat 770,235 bush, produced, rye 6,162, Indian corn 246,018, buck- wheat 16,961, barley 1 17,060, oats 462,266, \wk\- toes 395,844, sugar l.s3,273 pounds; 136 stores, cap. $535,500; 5 lumber yards, cap. $5,300; 27 fulling m., 10 woollen fac, 20 tanneries, 14 distil- leries, 3 breweries, 3 potteries, 23 flouring m., 35 grist m., 92 saw m., 1 oil ni., 1 paper fac, 6 print- ing offices, 3 binderies, 4 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. .$1,043,535. 1 college, 146 stu- dents, 18 acad. 1.372 students, 242 sch. 12,427 scholars. Pop. 43,5(X). Ontario, p-t , Wayne co., N. Y., 22 w. Lyons, 205 w. by N. Albany, 362 W. The surface is level ; soil, gravelly and sandy loam. Drained by small streams flowing into Lake Ontario, which bounds it on the n. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 1 furnace, 1 forge, 1 grist m., 1 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,600. 10 sch. 423 scholars. Pop. 1,839. Ontario, p-o., Richland co., 0., 60 n. by E. Columbus, 385 W. Ontwa, t., Cass CO., Mich. It has 6 stores, cap. $37,000 ; 1 flouring m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. .$3,857. 1 sch. 63 scholars. Pop. 543. Onward, p-o., Stewart co., Tenn., 88 w. n. w. Nashville, 769 W. Oo-stenaula, r., Tenn. and Ga., rises in Ten- nessee, and, flowing s., it unites with the Etowah r. to form the Coosa r. It is the northernmost stream e. of the Mississippi wliich flows into the Gulf of Mexico. Oostenaula, p-o., Hamilton co., Tenn., 140 s. E. Nashville, 596 W. Opellikau, p-o., Russell co., Ala., 171 e. s. E. Tuscaloosa, 784 W. Opklousas, p-v., capital of St. Landry par^ La., 217 w. N. w. New Orleans, 1,242 W. Situ- ated on a branch of Teche r. It is surrounded by a level and pleasant country. It contains Franklin College, founded in 1839. It has a president, 3 professors, or other instructors, and 70 students. The commencement is on the 1st of November. It contains a court house, a U. S. land office, 3 stores, and about 500 inhabitants. Oporta, p-o., St. Joseph co., Mich., 133 w. s. w. Detroit, 583 W. Oppenheim, p-t., Fulton co., N. Y., 64 n. w. Albany, 402 W. The surface is partly hilly ; soil, various. East Canada cr. bounds it on the w. Drained by several streams, which (low into Mohawk r. It has 1 store, cap. $1,300 ; 3 tan- neries, 17 saw m., 1 oil ni. Cap. in manufac $16,100; 13 sch. 601 scholars. Pop. 2,169. OauAWKA, p-Vj, capital of Henderson co., 111., 138 n. w. Springfield, 868 W. Situated on the E. bank of the Mississippi r., and contains a few stores and dwellings. Oran, p-v., Pompey t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 119 w. by N. Albany, 348 W. It contains 1 church, 1 store, 20 dwellings, and about 125 inhabitants. Orange, county, Vt. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 650 sq. ms. Organized in 1781. The n. w. part is mountainous, lying on the e. range of the Green mountains. Tlie rocks in the n. and central part are chiefly gran- ite. A range of argillaceous slate extends through the w. part. Large quantities of sulplniret of iron ar(! found in Strafford, and some lead ore in Thctford. Connecticut r. bounds it on the E. Drained by Omponipanoosuc and Wait's rivers, and by branches of White r. Capital, Chelsea. There were in 1840, neat cattle 36,853, sheep 156,053, swine 22.516; wheat 69,565 bush, pro- duced, rye 11,933, Indian corn 120,543, buck- wheat 30,144, barley 5,265, oats 245,878, potatoes 1,055,379, sugar 420,639 poimds; 60 stores, cap. $208,200 ; 22 fulling m., 5 woollen fac, 26 tan- neries, 33 grist m., 109 saw m., 2 oil m., 2 paper fac, 1 printing office. Cap. in manufac. $294,360. 6 acad. 994 students, 267 schools 9,622 scholars. Pop. 27,873. Orange, county, N. Y. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and contains 760 sq. miles. A part of it is mountainous, having Shawangunk mountains in the w. part, and the Highlands ia ORA 497 ORA the s. E. The remainder consists of gentle hills, and pleasant and fertile valleys. The soil is productive, and particularly adapted to grazing. It is celebrated for its fine dairies, and Orange county butter is universally known and highly Valued in the New York market. Drained by Delaware r. and its tributaries in the w.. Wall- kill in the centre, and Hudson r. hounds it on the E. The Delaware and Hudson canal crosses its w. part, and the New York and Erie railroad is finished and in operation, 45 ms., from Piermonl, on Hudson r., to Goshen. Capitals, Gfoshen and Newburgh. There were in 1840, neat cattle 54,799, sheep 50,218, swine 47,034 ; wheat 94,774 bushels produced, rye 326,668, Ind. corn 410,194, buckwheat 112,883, barley 1,879, oats 417,701, potatoes 359,563, hops 1,845 pounds ; value of the products of the dairy, $669,866 ; 471 stores, cap. $1,191,295; 21 lumber yards, cap. $85,000; 3 furnaces, 14 fulling m., 13 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 3,520 sp., 28 tanneries, 41 distilleries, 1 brew- ery, 3 potteries, 4 flouring m., 58 grist m., 100 saw m., 4 paper fac, 6 printing offices, 1 bindery, 2 periodicals, 5 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $1,515,415. 21 acad. 1,409 students, 170 sch. 8,727 scholars. Pop. 50,739. Orange, county, Va. Situated in the central part of the state, and contains 380 square miles. Rapidan r. runs on its n. border. Drained by branches of North Anna and Rivanna rivers. The surface is hilly; soil, fertile. Capital, Or- ange C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,399, sheep 10,708, swdne 15,026 ; wheat 97,747 bush, produced, rye 8,420, Indian corn 394,784, buckwheat 114, oats 91,671, potatoes 20,897, to- bacco 416,335 pounds, cotton 2,061 ; 15 stores, cap. $95,300 ; 8 smelting houses, producing gold to the amount of $84,000 ; 7 tanneries, 6 flouring m., 24 grist m., 20 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $115,600. 5 acad. 41 students, 26 sch. 347 schol- ars. Pop. whites 3,575, slaves 5,364, free col'd 186; total, 9,125. Orange, county, N. C. Centrally situated toward the n. part of the state, and contains 1,300 sq. ms. Drained by branches of Neuse and Haw rivers. Capital, Hillsboro'. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,507, sheep 46,340, swine 23,131 ; wheat 87,579 i)ush. produced, rye 2,643, Indian com 383,426, oats 81,613, potatoes 14,847, tobac- co 262,882 pounds, cotton 253,437 ; 12 stores, cap. $72,000; 3 cotton fac. 2,360 sp., 11 tanneries, 11 distilleries, 1 pottery, 18 flouring m., 27 grist m., 25 saw m., 3 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $102,880. 5 acad. 209 students, 7 sch. 157 scholars. Pop. whites 16,771, slaves 6,934, free col'd 613 ; total, 24,356. Orange, county, la. Centrally situated to- ward the s. part of the state, and contains 400 sq. ms. Drained by Lost r., and Lick and Patoka creeks, which aflTord good water power. The surface is hilly and broken. The macadamized road from New Albany to Vincennes is located through the co. Capital, Paoli. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,508, sheep 15.678, swine 22,230; wheat 140,864 bush, produced, rye 1,991, Ind. corn 529,927, oats 149,796, tobacco 268,527 pounds, sugar 22,968 ; 27 stores, cap. $33,925 ; 5 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 3 potteries, 14 grist m., 5 saw m., 2 oil m., 1 printing office, 1 periodical, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $51,082. 40 sch. 974 scholars. Pop. 9,602. Orange, p-t.. Orange co., Vt., 14 s. e. Montpe- lier, 527 W. The soil is cold and wet, but adapted to grazing ; the surface is uneven. The rocks are chiefly granite, in v\-hich are found beautiful small plates of white mica, several inches square. Drained by Juil branclt, which flows into the a. 63 branch of Onion r., and by head branches of Wait's r., which flow into Connecticut r. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 3 tanneries, 2 potteries, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 5 grist m., 7 saw in., 1 oil m. Capital in manufac. $92,700. 12 sch. 323 scholars. Pop. 984. Orange, t., Grafton co., N. H., 40 n. w. Con- cord. The surface is uneven ; soil, generally productive. It has a pond in the s. w. part, the outlet of which flows into Smith's r. On the bor- ders of this pond is found a yellow paint. Ochre is also found, and exported in large quantities. Chartered in 1769, by the name of Cardigan, which is now the name of a mountain in its s. E. part. It has 1 pottery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m.. 4 sch. 207 scholars. Pop. 463. Orange, p-t., Franklin co., Mass., 74 w. Bos- ton, 415 W. The surface is uneven and rough ; soil, adapted to grazing. Drained by Miller's r., which affords good water power. Incorporated in 1783. It lias 6 stores, cap. $15,100 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,250. 12 sch. 424 scholars. Pop. 1,501. Orange, t., New Haven co., Ct., 4 s. w. New Haven. Organized in 1822, from New Haven and 3Iilford. The v., formerly called West Ha- ven, is a neat and quiet place, and contains a Congregational and an Episcopal church. There is a Congregational church in the parish formerly called North Milford. Some silver and copper ore have been obtained here. Drained by Wo- pewaug r. There are in the t. 3 stores, capital $1,800; 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac< $10,800. 8 sch. 423 scholars. Pcm. 1,329. Orange, pt., Steuben co., N. Y., 201 w. by s- Albany, 313 W. The surface is elevated and rolling ; soil, adapted to grass and to grain. Drained by Mead's cr. It has 2 stores, capital $5,000 ; 1 tannery, 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $250. 10 sch. 525 scholars. Pop. 1,824. Orange, p-t., Essex co., N. J., 4i n. vv. New-" ark, 53 n. e. Trenton, 219 W. The surface is mountainous or rolling ; soil, red shale, generally well cultivated. Drained by Second river and branches of Rahway r. The v. extends 2 or S miles along the turnpike road, and contains 4 churches — 1 Episcopal, 2 Presbyterian, and 1 Metliodist — 10 stores, 2 saw m., and alx)Ut 220 dwellings. Near it is a chalybeate spring, much resorted to. The v. of South Orange is 5 ms. w. Newark, and contains 1 Presbyterian church, 1 store, 1 paper factory, and about "30 dwellings. There are in the t. 10 stores, cap. $27,800 ; 1 tan- nery. Cap. in manufac. $76,750, 8 schools 330 scholars. Pop. 3,261. Orange, t., Cuyahoga co., O. The e. branch of Chagrin r. crosses its s. e. corner, where is Chagrin falls, where the water falls over a rock 28 feet perpendicularly, affording good water power, where is a thriving v. It has 4 stores, cap. $5,0lX) ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 flour- ing m., 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,050. 8 sch. 380 scholars. Pop. 1,113. Orange, t., Hancock co., O. It has 3 sch. 101 scliolars. Pop. 314. Orange, t., Meigs co., O. It has 1 store, cap, $200 ; 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Capital in manufac, ,$2,200. 6 sch. 220 scholars. Pop. 830. Orange, t., Shelby co., O. It has 1 fulling vn.f 1 woollen fac, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 3 saw m, Cap.inmanufac.$3,730. 2sch.55sclirs. Pop. 783, Orange, p-o., Austintown t., Trumbull co., O., 169 N. E. Columbus, 298 W. Orange, t.. Noble co., la. It has 1 store, cap $3,000 ; 1 saw m., 1 sch. 13 scholars. Pop. 242^ Orangk, p-o.. Branch co., 3Iich., 116 w. s. W. Detroit, 567 W. ORE 498 ORE Orange, t., Macomb co., 3Iich. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain and grass. Pop. VJ3. Orange, p-v., Cherokee co., Ga., 129 n. w. MiliedgeviUe, 660 W. Orange, p-t., Fayette co., la., 49 e. by s. In- dianapolis, 535 W. Pop. 1,187. Orangeburg, p-v., Marion co., Miss., 102 s. s. E. Jackson, 1,052 W. Orangeburg, dist., S. C. Situated a little s. of the centre of the slate, and contains 1,824 sq. ms. Congaree r. runs on its e. border, and South Eldisto r. on its s. border. Watered by North Edisto r. and its branches. Capital, Orangeburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 22,507, sheep 3,523, swine 33,383 ; wheat 12,4'JO bush, produced, rye 577, Ind. corn 477,011, oats 12,357, potatoes 74,210, rice 510,070 pounds, cot- ton 878,370 ; 18 stores, cap. ,$42,100 ; 67 grist m., 78 saw m. 1 acad. 40 students, 1 1 sch. 236 scho- lars. Pop. whites 6,321, slaves 11,934, free col'd 264; total, 18,519. Orangeburg, C. H., p-v., capital of Orange- burg dist., S. C, 43 s. by e. Columbia. Situated on the E. bank of North Edisto r. It contains a court house, jail, an academy, and several stores and about 500 inhabitants. Orange, C. H., p-v., capital of Orange co., Va., 84 N. w. Richmond, 94 W. Situated at the foot of S. W. mountain. It contains a court house, jail, 2 churches — 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist — a female academy, 9 stores, 1 printing office issuing a weekly newspaper, and about 60 dwell- ings, mostly of brick, and 500 inhabitants. Orange Strings, p-v.. Orange co., Va., 76 n. w. Richmond, 98 W. Orangetovvn, t., Rockland co., N. Y., 123 s. Albany. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay, blended with red shale. Hiulson r. flows on its e. border. Drained by Hackensack r. It contains the v. of Piermont, where the New York and Erie railroad terminates, on Hudson r. There are in the t. 30 stores, cap. $51,100; 4 lumber yards, cap. §45,000; 1 cotton fac. 576 sp., 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 7 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,674. 8 sch. 312 scholars. Pop. 2,771. Orangeville, p-t., Genesee co., N. Y., 257 w. Albany, 369 W. The surface is liilly ; soil, clay loam, well adapted to grass. Drained by Tona- wanda cr. and its tributaries. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. (^ap. in manufac. $8,7o0. 16 sch. 659 scholars. Pop. 1,949. Orangeville, p-v.. Bloom t., Columbia co., Pa., 5 N. Bloomsburg, 81 n. by e. Harrisburg, 191 \V. Situated on Fishing cr., and contains 2 stores, and about 40 dwellings. Orangeville, p-o., Trumbull co., O., 194 N. e. Columbus, 300 W. Orbisonia, p-o., Huntingdon co., Pa., 81 w. Harrisburg, 125 W. OREGON TERRITORY. The Orkoon Territory consists of a large extent of country lying between the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific Ocean, and drained by the Columbia river ; its tributaries, Frazer's river, and a few small streams, all fulling into the Pacific Ocean. The natural boundaries of this territory are :— On the east, the Rocky Mountain range, along its whole e.\tent ; on the smil/t, the Klainet range, or Snowy Mountains, extending along, or near the parallel of 42 deg. N. lat., and dividing it trnm Mexico; on the west, the Pacilie Ocean; and on the north, the chain of lakes, near and along the parallel of 54 deg. N. lat. ; within these limits, all the rivers that tlow ihrongli the territory take their rise. The country thus described contains about 480,000 square miles. The United States claim the country from the 42d to the 54th deg. N. lat. : wldle Great Britain makes claim to the territory aa far south as the Columbia river. PupuJation. — It is extremely difficult to ascertain, with accuracy, the amount of population in the territory. The following is believed to be very nearly the truth ; if any thing, it it overrated : — Vancouver or Washington Island . . . 5.000 From the parallel of .'iO Wallawalla, including the Nezperces, Snakes, &c i.ion Killamouks, north of Umpgua. . . . 400 Cape Flattery and (iueen Ilythe to Point Gran- ville {Clasaot tribe) 1,250 Black Feet tribes that make incursions west of the Ilocky Mountains 1,000 Birch bay .... Frazer's river (Neamitcli tribe) ClKiiooks . . . . Clatstops . . . . At the Cascades At the Dalles . . . . y'Akama river. I)e Chute river Dnipfiuas Koger's river 300 500 20'J 220 im 250 ]00 125 400 .... 500 Klaniefs .•J(X) S^liastys 50O Kallapugas 600 Ni.-^iiually 200 Chikidis and Puget's Sound .... 700 (^owclitz or Klakatacks 350 Port Orchard 150 19,199 The whole territory may be estimated as containing 20,000. Of whites, Canadians, and half breeds, there are between 700 and 800, of whom about 150 are Americans ; the rest are settlers, and the officers and servants of the company. The Indians are rapidly decreasing in all parts of the country; the causes are supposed to be tlieir rudo treatn-.ei.l of diseases, and the dissipLlcd lives they lead. Orp.gon is divided into three natural belts or sections, viz : — 1st. That between the Pacific Ocean and the Presi- dent's Range, or Cascade Mountains, called the wextcrn section ; 2d. That between the Cascade and Blue Moun- tain range, or middln section ; 3d. That between the Blue and Rocky Mountain chains, or eastern section. And this division will equally apply to the sod, climate, and productions. All these divisions are crossed by the Colum- bia river; the main stream is formed, in the middle region, by the union of several branches, flowing from the Kocky Mountains, and receiving in their course .several smaller .streams, draining the intermediate sections. The mountain ranges extend, for the most part, in parallel lines with tlie coast, rising, in many places, above the region of perpetual snows, (here 5,000 feet above tlie sea,) which naturally produces a ditlerence of temperature between them, and also aft'ects their productions. The Cascade range, or that nearest the coast, runs parallel with the sea-coast, the whole length of the territory, and rising in many places, in regular cones, from 12 to 14,000 feet above the level of the sea. The distance from ORE 49 ORE tife sea-sliore to tliis chain is from lUO to 150 miles, and tlie riilge almost interrupts the communication be- tween tlie 1st and 2d sections, except wliere the two great rivers, the Columbia and Frazer's, force a passage tlirough them ; there are a few mountain passes, but they are ditiicult, and only to be attempted late in the spring and summer. The climate of this section is mild tliroughout the year, neither experiencing the extreme cold of winter, or the heat of summer. The prevailing whids in the summer are from the northward and westward, and in winter, fi-om the southward, and westward, and southeast, which are tempestuous. The winter is supposed to last from Decendier to February. Rains usually begin to fall in November, and last till March ; but they are not heavy, though frequent. Snow sometimes falls, but it seldom hes over three days. The frosts are early, occurring in the latter part of August ; this, however, is to be accounted for by the proximity of the mountains. Fruit- trees blossom early in April. The soil, in the northern parts, varies from a light brown loam to a thin vegetable earth, with gravel and sand as a subsoil ; in the middle parts, from a rich heavy loam and unctuous clay to a deep heavy black loam, on a trap-rock; and in the southern (the Willamette valley) the soil is generally good, varying from a black vegetable loam to decomposed basalt, with stiff clay, and portions of loose giavel-soil. The bills are generally basalt, and stone, and slate ; between the Umpqua river and the southern boundary the rocks are primitive, consisting of slate, hornblende, and granite, which produce a gritty and poor soil ; tliere are, however, some places of rich prairie, covered with oaks. It is, for the most part, a well-timliered country. It is intersected with the spurs or offsets from the Cascade. Mountains, which render its surface much broken ; these are covered with a dense forest. The timber consists of pines, tirs, spruce, oaks, (red and white,) ash, arbutus, arbor vitae, cedar, poplar, maple, willow, cherry, and tew, witii a close undergrowth of hazel, rubus, roses, &c. The richest and best soil is found on the second or middle prairie, and is best adapted for agriculture ; the high and low being excellent for pasture-land. The chmate and soil are admirably adapted for all kinds of grain — wheat, rye, oats, barley, peas, &c. Indian corn does not thrive in any part of this territory where it baa been tried. Many fruits appear to suc- ceed well, particularly the apple and pear. Vegetables grow exceedingly well, and yield most abundantly. The rise of the streams flowing from the Cascade Mountains takes place twice in the year — in February and November, from the rains ; tiiat of the Columbia, in May and June, from the melting of the snows. Sometimes the rise of the latter is very sudden ; but usually it is gradual, and reaches its greatest height from the 6th to the 15th of June. Its perpendicular rise is from 18 to 20 feet, at Vancouver. The greatest rise in the Willamette takes place in February, and it sometimes rises 20 to 25 feet, and quite suddenly, but soon subsides. Both tlie Willa- mette and Cowclitz are much swollen by the backing of their waters, during the iieight of the Columbia, and all the lower ground submerged. The Blue Mountains are irregular in their course, and occasionally interrupted, but generally running in a northerly direction; they commence in the Klamet range, near the southern boundary of the territory; they are broken through by the Saptin or Snake river, at the junction of the Kooskooske river, and branch off in hills of moderate elevation, until they again appear on the north side of the Columbia river, above the Okanagan river, passing in a N. direction, until they unite with the Rocky Mountains, in lat. 53 deg. N. The climate of the middle section is variable ; during the summer the atmosphere is much drier and warmer and the winter much colder than in the western section. Its extremes of heat and cold are more frequent and greater, the mercury, at times, falling as low as minus 18 deg. of Fahrenheit, in winter, and rismg to 180 deg. in the shade of summer ; the daily difference of temperature is about 40 deg. Fahrenheit. It has, however, been found extremely salubrious, possessing a pure and healthy air. No dews fall in this section. The soil is, for the most part, a light sandy loam ; in the valleys a rich alluvia! ; and the hills are generally barren. The surface is about one thousand feet above the level of the western section, and is generally a rolling prairie country. The part lying to the north of the parallel of 48 deg. is very much broken with mountain-chains and rivers, consequently barren and very rugged. From the great and frequent changes in its temperature, it is totally unfit for agriculture ; but is well suppUed with game of all kinds that are found in the country. In the centre of this section, and near and around the junction of the Saptin or Snake and Columbia rivers, is an extensive rolling country, which is well adapted for grazing. South of the Columbia, and extending to the southern boundary of the territory, it is destitute of timber or wood, unless the wormwood (arte- misia) may be so called, although there are portions of it that might be advantageously farmed. The Rocky Mountains form the boundary of the eastern section, and of the territory. They commence on the Arctic coast, and continue an almost unbroken chain, until they merge in the Andes of South America. That part forming the eastern boundary of Oregon, e.xjending north from the Great South Pass, at lat. 42 deg. N., to about the 52d deg., at the Committee's Punch-bowl Pass, forms an almost impenetrable barrier, the few passes between being very difficult and dangerous. The climate of the eastern section is extremely variable. In each day there are all the changes incident to spring, summer, autumn, and winter. There are places where small farms might be located ; but they are few in number. The soil is rocky and broken, and presents an almost unbroken barren waste. Stupendous mountain-spurs traverse it in all directions, affording little level ground. Snow lies on the mountains, nearly, if not quite throughout the year. It is exceedingly dry and arid ; rains seldom faffing, and but little snow. This country is partially timbered, and the soil much impregnated with salts. The Columbia is the great river of the territory. Its northern branch takes its rise in the Rocky Mountains, in latitude 50 deg. N., longitude 116 deg. W. ; from thence it pursues a northern route, to near McGillivary's Pass, in the Rocky Mountains. At the boat encampment, the river is I!,60C feet above the level of the sea, (bete it receives two small tributaries — the Canoe river, and that from the Committee's Punch Bowl,) from thence it turns south, having some obstructions to its safe navigation, and receiving many tributaries in its course to Colville, among which are the Kootanie, or Flat Bow, and the Flat Head or Clarke river from the east, and that of Colville from the west. This great river is bounded, thus fur on its course, by a range of high mountains, well-wooded, and in places expands into a line of lakes before it reaches Colville, where it is 2,049 feet above the level of tlie sea, having a fall of 550 feet in 220 miles. To the south of this it trends to the westward, receiving the Spokan river from the east, which is not navigable, and takes its rise in the Lake of Copur d'Alene. Thence it pursues a westerly course for about 60 miles, receiving several smaller streams, and, at its bend to the south, it is joined by the Okanagan, a river that has its source in a line of lakes, affording canoe and boat navigation for a considerable extent to the northward. The Columbia thence passes to the southward untd it reaches Wallawalla, in the latitude of 45 deg., a distance of 160 miles, receiving the Piscous, Y'Akama, and Point de Boise, or Entyatecoom, from the west, which take their rise in the Cascade range, and also its great southeastern branch, the Saptin or Lewis, which has its source in the Rocky Mountains, near our southern boundary, and brings a large quantity of water to increase the volume of the main stream. The Lewis is not navigable, even for canoes, except in reaches. The rapids are extensive and of frequent occurrence. It generally passes between the Rocky Mountain spurs and the Blue Moun- tains. It receives the Kooskooske, Salmon, and several other rivers, from the east and west — the former from the Rocky Mountains, the latter from the Blue Mountains — and, were it navigable, would much facilitate the intercourse with this part of the country. Its length, to its junction with the Columoia, is 520 miles. The ORE ORE Columbia, at Wallawalla, is 1,386 feet above the level of the sea, and about 3,500 feet wide ; it now takes its last turn to the westward, receiving the Umatilla, ftuisnel's, John Day's, and de Chute rivers from the south, and Catlilatate's from the nortli, pursuing its rapid course of bO miles, previous to passing through the range of Cas' cade Mountains, in a series of falls and riipids that obstruct itts flow, and form insurmountable barriers to the passage of boats by water during the floods. Tliese difficulties, however, are overcome by portages. From thence there is stilj-wat«r navigation, for forty miles, when its course is again obstructed by rapids. Thence to the ocean, 120 miles, it is navigable for vessels of 12 feet draught of water at the lowest state of the river, though obstructed by many sand-bars. In tliis part it receives the Willamette from the south, and the Cowelitz from the north. The former is navigable for small vessels W miles, to the mouth of the Klackamus, three miles below its falls ; the latter cannot be called navigable, except for a small part of the year, during the floods, and then only for canoes and barges. The width of the Columbia, within i-'O miles of its mouth, is much increased, and it joins the ocean between Cape Disappointment and Point Adam.<, forming a sand-spit from each, by deposit, and causing a dangerous bar, which greatly impedes its navigation and entrance. Frazer's river takes its rise in the Uucky Mountains, near the source of Canoe river, taking a northwesterly course of 80 miles ; it then turns to the southward, receiving the waters of Stuart's river, which rises in a chain of lakes near the northern boundary of the territory. It then pursues a southerly course, receiving the waters of the Cliil- cotui, Pinkslitsa and several smaller streams, from the west, and those of Tliompson's river, and other streams from the east, (these take their rise in lakes, and are navigable in canoes, by making portages ;) and, under the parallel of 49 deg., it breaks through the Cascade range, in a succession of fulls and rapids, and, after a westerly course of 70 miles, it empties into the Gulf of Georgia, in the latitude of 49 deg. 7 min. N. This latter portion ia navigable for vessels that can pass hs bar drawing 12 feet water; its whole length being 350 miles. The Chikeelis is next in importance. It has three sources among the range of hills that intersect the country north of the Columbia river. After a very tortuous course, and receiving some small streams issuing from the lakes in the high ground near the head-waters of Hood's canal and Puget's Sound, it disembogues in Grey's htir- bor ; it is not navigable except for canoes ; its current is rapid, and the stream much obstructed. To the south of the Columbia there are many small streams, but three of which deserve the name of rivers : the Umpqua, Too-too-tut-ua, or Rogues' river, and the Klamet, which latter empties into the ocean south of the parallel of 42 degrees. None of these form harbors capable of receiving a vessel of more than eight feet draught of water, and the bars, for most part of the year, are impassable, from the surf that sets in on the coast. The character of the great rivers is peculiar — rapid and sunken much below the level of the country, with perpendicular banks ; indeed they are, as it were, in trenches, it being extremely difficult to get at the water in many places, owing to the steep basaltic walls; and, during the rise, they are in many places confined by dalles, which back the water some distance, submerging islands and tracts of low prairie, giving the appearance of extensive lakes. There are, in the various sections of the country, many lakes. The Okanagan, Stuart's, (luisnell's, and Kam- loop's are the largest in the northern section. The Flat Bow, Coeur d'.AIene, and Kulluspelm, in the middle sec- tion, and those forming the head-waters of the large rivers in the eastern section. The country is well watered, and there are but few places where an abundance of water, either from rivers, springs, or rivulets, cannot be obtained. The smaller lakes add much to the picturesque beauty of the country. They are generally at the head-waters of the smaller streams. All the harbors formed by the rivers on the sea-coast a,-e obstructed with extensive sand-bars, which make them difficult to enter. The rivers bring down large quantities of sand, which is deposited on meeting with the ocean, causing a gradual increase of the impediments already existing at their mouths. None of them can be deemed safe ports to enter. The entrance to the Columbia has a depth of water from four and a half to eight fathoms, and ia impracticable two-thirds of the year, and tlie ditficulty of leaving is equally great. The north sands are rapidly increasing, and extending further to the southward. In the memory of several of those who have been longest in the country, Cape Disappointment has been cncroacheil upon some hundred feet by the sea, and, during the year 1841, nearly half an acre of the middle sands was washed away in a few days. These sands are known to change every season. The exploration made of the Clatsop or South channel, it is believed, will give more safety to vessels capable of entering the river. The depth of water on the bar seems not to have changed, though the passage has become somewhat narrow. Grey's harbor will admit of vessels of hght draught of water, (10 feet,) but there is but little room in it on account of the extensive wood and sand flats. This, however, is not the case with the harbors formed within the straits of Juan de Fuca, of which there are many ; and no part of the world affords finer inland .sounds, or a greater number of harbors than can be found here, capable of receiving the largest class of vessels, and without a danger in them that is not visible. From the rise and fall of the tides, (18 feet,) all faciliti's are afforded for the erection of works for a great maritime nation. — (See Captain Wilkes' Report to the Secretary oftheJVavy.) It will be almost impossible to give an idea of the extensive fisheries in the rivers, and on the coast. They all abound in salmon of the finest flavor, which run twice a year, beginning in May and October, and appear in- exhaustible ; the whole population live upon them. The Columbia produces the largest, and probably affords the greatest numbers. There are some few of the branches of the Columbia that the spring fish do not enter, but they are plentifully supplied in the fiiU. The great fishery of the Columbia is at the Dalles ; but all the rivers are well supplied. The last one on the northern branch of the Columbia is near Colvillc, at the Kettle Falls ; but ealmon are found above this in the river and its tributaries:. In Frazer's river the salmon are said to he very numerous, but not large ; they are unable to get above the Falls, some 80 miles from the sea. In the rivers and Bounds are found several kinds of salmon, salmon-trout, sturgeon, cod, carp-sole, flounders, ray, perch, herring, lam- prey-eels, and a kind of smelt called " sliroio," in great abundance ; also large quantitiesof shell- fish, viz. : — crabs, clams, oysters, mussels, &c., which are all used by the natives, and constitute the greater proportion of their food. Whales, in numbers, are found along the coast, and are frequently captured by the Indians in and at the mouth of the straits of Juan de Fuca. Abundance of game exists, such as elk, deer, antelope, bears, wolves, foxes, muskrats, martins, beavers, a few prizzly bears and siffleurs, which are eaten by the Canadians. In the middle section, or that designated as the rolling prairie, no game is found. In the eastern section the buffalo is met with. The fur-bearing animals are decreasing in numbers yeariy, particularly south of the parallel of 4& degrees ; indeed, it is very doubtful whether they are sufficienlly numerous to repay the expense of hunting them. The Hudson's Bay Company have almost the exclusive monopoly of this business. They have decreased, owing to being hunted without regard to season. '/■his is not, however, the case to ths porth ; there the company have been left to exercise their own rule, and pre- ORE 501 ORI vent the indiscriminate slauglitf r of either old or young, out of the proper season. In the spring and fall, the rivers are lit r.illj' covered with geese, ducks, and other water-fowl. The uppir colony from tlie United Slates, is situated on the Willamette river, 94 miles from its entrance into the Columhia. It consists of about 100 families, who raise considerable grain, and have aliout four thousand head of cattle, extensive fields of wheat, potatoes, peas, and vegetables, of all descriptions. They have hogs, poultry, &c., in abundance. The colony, at the Falls, 40 miles above the Columbia, have organized themselves a government for gelf-proiection, and have commenced to make extensive improvements, to avail themselves of the immense water power. They have laid the foundation of a town called " Oregon City." Fcrrt Vancouver, on the north bank of the Columbia, 90 miles from the ocean, is the principal seat of the British fur trade. It has an enclosure 37 rods long and 18 wide, strongly stockaded, within which are eight sub- stantial buildings, and many smaller ones. This place has a considerable farming establishment. There are large fertile prairies, which they occupy for tillage and pasture ; and forests for fencing materials, and other purposes. They have a garden of 5 acres, abounding with esculent vegetables ; with fruits, such as peaches, apples, grapes, strawberries; and some exotics, as figs, oranges, and lemons ; and various ornamental plants and flowers. Tiiere is a flour mill worked by ox-power, and a saw mill. There is a school here for the children of the establishment. There are shops for blacksmiths, joiners, carpenters, and a tiimer. Astoria, or Fort George, is 8 miles from the mouth of the Columbia ; has two buildings, and a garden of 2 acres. Fort VVallawalla is on the s. side of the Columbia, 10 miles below the entrance of Lewis river. On the Willamette river, 55 miles above its entrance into the Columbia, is McKey's settlement, and 1- miles above is Jarvis' settlement, which contain about 20 families They consist mostly of the retiring servants of the Hudson's Bay Company, with their half-breed families, and a few Americans. Fort Colville is on the s. side of Clark's river, below the Kettle falls, just before it enters the Columbia, Here is a considerable forming establishment. Fort Okanagan is at the entrance into the Columbia of the river of that name, 100 miles below Clark's river. The Hudson's Bay Company have also several other trading posts in this territory. The American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions {PresbyteriaTi) have 3 stations, viz. : — Waiilatpn, a few miles east of Wallawalli, on a branch of Wallawalla river. Clearwater, on Lupwai river, and Tshima- kain, further cast on the Kooskooske river. The Methodist society have 7 stations, viz: — 1st. Astoria; 2d. Willamette, on the river of that name, 94 miles above its mouth ; Hd. At the D;ilk'S on Columbia river, 140 mdes above Astoria ; 4th. At Fort Nisqually, Piiget's Suand ; 5th. On the Willamette, at the Falls ; 6th. Clatsop, a new station near the mouth of the Columbia river ; 7th. At Fort Umpqua, near the mouth of Umpqua river. The Eoman Catliolics, also, have a station on the Willa- mette river. On the 7th of May, 1792, Captain Robert Gray, in tlie ship Columbia, of Boston, discovered and entered the Columbia river ; to which he gave the name of his vessel. He was the first person that established the fact of the existence of this great river, and this gives to the United States the right of discovery. In 1804-5, Captains Lewis and Clark, under the direction of the government of the United States, explored the country from the mouth of the Missouri to the mouth of the Columbia ; and spent the wynter of 1805-6 at the mouth of the Columbia. This exploration of the River Columbia, the first ever made, constitutes another ground of the claim of the United States to the country. In 1808, the Missouri Fur Company, at St. Louis, established a trading post beyond the Rocky Mountains, on the head-waters of Lewis river, the first ever formed on any of the waters of the Columbia. In 1810, the Pacific Fur Company, under John Jacob Astor, of New York, was formed; and, in 1811, they founded Astoria, at the mouth of the Columbia, as their principal trading post, and proceeded to establish others in the interior. A little later in the same year, the North West Company sent a detachment to form establishments on the Columbia ; but when they arrived at the mouth of the river, they found the post occupied. In consequence of the exposure of Astoria by the war of 1813, the post was sold out to the North West Company. At the close of the war, Astoria was restored, by order of the British government, to its original founders, agreeably to the first article of the Treaty of Ghent, Various attempts have been made since the war to renew the fur trade in Oregon. In 1821, the Hudson's Bay and North West Company, who had previously been rivals, were united, and since that time have greatly extended their establishments in the region of Oregon. The British and American governments have not yet been able to settle by negotiation their conflicting claims to the country. By the treaty for the pur- chase of Florida, in 1819, the boundary between the Spanish possessions and the United States was fixed in the N. w., at the 42d degree N. lat., and the United States succeeded to all the title of Oregon which Spain had by right of discovery. At present, the subjects of Great Britain and of the United States exercise equally the right to occupy this country, and navigate its rivers, for the purposes of trade, until the subject is disposed of by negotiation. In the mean time, the great capital, and the complete organization of the Hudson's Bay Company, enable them to reap nearly all the advantages of the fur trade in the Territory of Oregon. Oregon, county, Mo. Situated on the s. bor- der of the state, and contains 1,600 sq. ms. Drained principally by Eleven Points r. Oregon, p-o., Stocton t., Chautauque co., N. Y., 333 w. by s. Albany, 334 W. Oregon, v., and capital of ilolt co., Mo. Sit- uated on the N. E. side of the Missouri r. Oregon City, p-v.. Ogle co.. III., 176 n. Spring- field, 818 W. Situated on the n. side of Rock r., on an elevated alluvial bottom, 10 ms. above Grand Detour. It has 2 stores and 12 or 15 dwellings. Orford, p-t., Grafton co., N. H., 60 n. n. w. Concord, 505 W. It lies on the e. side of Con- necticut r. The extensive intervales on Con- necticut r. are very fertile. It has several ponds. Watered by small streams which flow into Con- necticut r., and by the head waters of Baker's r., which flows into iMerrimac r. It furnishes exten- sively a good limestone, and especially a fine kind of soapstone, which is wrought and exported. The V. is on an extended street. A bridge across Connecticut r. connects the t. with Fairlee, Vt. It has 4 stores, cap. $31,000; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 pottery, 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,350. 17 sch. 580 scholars. Pop. 1,707. Orfordville, pv., Orford t., Grafton co., N. H., 62 N. N. vv. Concord, 507 W. Orient, p-t., Aroostook co., Me., 222 n. e. Augusta, 817 W. Pop. 6-^. Orient, p-v., Southold t,, Suffolk co., N. Y., 252 s. s. E. Albany, 332 W. Delightfully situ- ated at the head of Oyster Pond harbor, and contains 2 churches, several stores, and about 50 dwellings. This place was, until very recently, called " Oyster Pontls." Orion, p-t., Oakland co., Mich., 35 n. by w. Detroit, 55>i W. It contains several small lakes. Watered by Paint cr. It has 3 stores, cap. $6,500 ; 2 flouring m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. 27,800. Pop. 769. Oriskanv Creek, N. Y., rises in Madison county, and enters tlie Jlohawk river at Oris- ORL 503 ORR kany village, Oneida co. It is a valuable mill stream. Oriskany, p-o., Whitestown t., Oneida co., N. Y., 99 N. w. Albany, 397 W. Oriskany Falls, p-v., Augusta t., Oneida co., N. Y. Situated on both sides of Ori.skany cr., which here has a fall of about 30 feet, aflbrding extensive water power. It is on the line of the Chenango canal, and contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 woollen fac, 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 distillery, 1 carding machine, I chair and turning fac, 90 dwellings, and about 600 inhabitants. Orland, p-t., Hancock co., 3Ie., 01 e. by n. Augusta, 657 W. Situated on the e. side of Pe- nobscot r., opposite to Wetniore's island. It con- tains several large ponds. The soil is fertile, and it possesses great facilities for navigation. Incorporated in 1800. It has 15 sch. 622 schol- ars. Pop. 1,381. Orland, p-t., Steuben co., la., 190 n. n. e. In- dianapolis, 562 W. Orleans, p-o., Fauquier co., Va., 114 n. by w. Richmond, 03 W. Orleans, county, Vt. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 675 sq. ms. Lake Memphremagog lies partly in its n. part. Drain- ed by Barton, Black and Clyde rivers, which flow into Lake Memphremagog, and by the head branches of Missisque and Onion rivers. The surface is level or moderately uneven ; .soil, fer- tile and easily tilled. In its E. part are many ponds. It lies between the e. and w. range of the Green mountains. Capital, Irasburg. There were in 1810, neat cattle 18,299, sheep 46,069, swine 9,750 ; wlieat 33,315 bush, produced, rye 2,400, Ind. corn 20,886, buckwheat 20,067, barley 10.997, oats 133,301, potatoes 596,855, sugar 507,446 pounds : 32 stores, cap. $106,400 ; 1 fur- nace, 1 iorge, 13 fulling m., 4 woollen fac, 11 tanneries, 1 distillery, 19 grist m., 53 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $141,575. 2 acad. Ill students, 122 sch. 3,916 scholars. Pop. 13,631. Orleans, county, N. Y. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 372 sq. ms. It is bounded n. by Lake Ontario. The surface is level or gently undulating, with the exception of the Mountain Ridge, which extends across it from E. to w. The soil is loam or gravel, with an intermixture of clay and sand, and is fertile. Drained by Oak Orchard, .lohnson's, and other creeks, flowing into Lake Ontario. It contains some sulphur and brine springs, and a small quantity of bog iron ore. The Erie canal passes centrally through it from e. to w. Capital, Albion. . There were in 1840, neat cattle 18,123, sheep 69,563, swine 27,933 ; wheat 701,212 bush, produced, Ind. corn 198,998, buckwheat 10,047, barley 30,72:^, oats 180,581, potatoes 303,311, hops 1,533 pounds, sugar 150,786 ; 77 stores, cap. $339,144 ; 5 furnaces, 12 fulling m., 4 woollen fac, 10 tanneries, 1 brewery, 5 flouring m., 15 grist m., 53 saw m., 4 printing offices, 4 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $398,940. 7 acad. 750 students, 163 sch. 8,247 scholars. Pop. 25,127. Orleans, parish. La. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and contains 16J sq. ms. The surface is level and marshy, and too low for profitable cultivation, excepting on the margins of the streams. Sugar, cotton, rice and Indian corn, together with an abundance of g-.irdeu vegetables, and oranges, figs, and peaches, arc its chief productions. Capital, N. Orleans. There were in 1810. neat cattle 2,639, sheep 1,S(I7, swine 1,824 ; Ind. corn 3,100 bush, produced, cotton 10,000 pounds, sugar 10,000 ; 8 commercial and 375 commission houses, cap. $16,490,000; 1,881 stores, cap. $11,018,225; 32 lumberyards, cap. $67,800 ; 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 3 saw m., 18 printing offices, 9 daily, 6 weekly and 2 semi- weekly newspapers Capital in manufactures, $1,774,200. 2 colleges 165 students, 10 acad. 440 students, 25 sch. 975 scholars. Pop. whiles 59,519, slaves 23,450, free col'd 19,226; total, 102,193. Orlea.ns, p-t., Barnstable co., Mass., 95 s. e. Boston, 496 W. It extends across the narrow part of Cape Cod. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil, generally sandy and barren. Pleasant bay sets up from the ocean on the E. side of the cape, and contains several islands belonging to tliis t. It contains 4 churches — I Congregational, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Universalist. The inhabitants are extensively employed in the fisheries, and the manufacture of salt. It has 10 stores, cap. $16,400 ; 4 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $5,800. 10 sch. 765 scholars. Pop. 1,974. Orleans, t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 12 n. Water- town, 172 N. N. w. Albany. The surface is gently undulating ; soil, a fertile clay and loam, under- laid by limestone. Drained by Chaumont and Perch rivers. It has 5 stores, cap. $13,100 ; 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,100. 11 sch. 271 scholars. Pop. 3,001. Orleans, p-v., Phelps t., Ontario co., N. Y., 190 w. Albany, 355 W. Situated on Flint cr., and contains 2 churches, 3 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 plaster m., 1 distillery, 1 tannery, 1 clothier's works, 40 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Orleans, p-o., Alleghany co., Md. Orleans, p-o., Greenville dist., S. C. Orleans, p-v.. Orange co., la., 86 s. by w. Indianapolis, 625 W. It contains 3 stores, 1 carding machine, 2 tanneries, 40 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. Orne's Store, p-o., Bledsoe co., Tenn., 125 e. s. E. Nashville, 5S4 W. Orono, p-t., Penobscot co.. Me., 75 .n. e. Au- gusta, 670 W. Situated on the w. side of Pe- nobscot r., opposite to the great falls. The soil is fertile, adapted to wheat. Watered by Pu- shaw r., which issues from Pushavv pond, a large body of water in its w. part. Marsh island in Penobscot r., containing 5,000 acres, belongs ill part to this t. It possesses great water power, and has numerous sawm. Incorporated in 1806. A railroad, 12 ms. long, extends from Bangor to the village of Stillwater in this t., and to Old- town V. in Oldtown t., which cost $350,000. It has 6 stores, cap. $6,500 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $1,600; 1 tannery, 1 grist in., 36 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,780. 4 sch. 350 scholars. Pop. 1,521. Oronoko, t., Berrien co., Mich. It has 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,100. Pop. 335. Orrington, p-t., Penobscot co.. Me., 70 n. K. Augusta, 666 W. Penobscot r. bounds it on the w. The soil is fertUe, adapted to wheat. The V. is pleasantly situated on Penobscot r., which aflJ'onls facilities for navigation. A small stream flows across it into the Penobscot, and affords water power. It has 2 stores, cap. S5,0!)0 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 flouring ra., 6 saw m. Cap in manufac. $32,700. 10 sch. 643 scholars. Pop. 1,5S0. Orrstown, p-o., Franklin co.. Pa., 39 w. s. w. llarrisburg, 106 W. Orrsville, p-v.. Pine t, Armstrong co., Pa., 192 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 246 W. OuRsviLLE, p-o., Meclilenburg co., N. C, 170 w. s. w. Raleigh, 409 W. osc 503 OSW Orrville, p-0., Gwinnett co., Ga., 101 n. w. Milledgeville, 649 W. Orwell, p-t., Rutland co., Vt., 79 s. w. Mont- pelier, 463 VV. It is bounded w. by Lake Cham- plain, and lies opposite to Ticonderoga, N. Y., and contains Mount Independence, both cele- brated in the revolutionary war. The width of the lake between them, is about f^O rods. At Sholes landing, 1 m. s., it is only 40 rods wide, though its general width opposite the t. is 1 m. Drained by East cr. and Lenonfair r., which afford water power. The surface in a portion of the s. part is broken and hilly, but generally level, and very fertile. It is one of the best farming towns in the state. Chartered in 1763, but not settled until 1783. It contains 1 Con- gregational, and 1 Baptist church. It has 3 stores, 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist ra., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,400. 10 sch. 473 schol- ars. Pop. 1,504. Orwell, p-t., Oswego co., N. Y., 148 w. n. w. Albany, 393 W. The surface is hilly; soil, gravelly loam. Drained by Salmon r. and its tributaries. It has 2 stores, cap. f 5,400 ; 1 ful- ling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,850. 9 sch. 205 scholars. Pop. 808. Orwell, p-t., Bradford co., Pa., 146 n. Har- risburg, 256 W. The surface is hilly; soil, gravelly loam. Watered by Wysox cr. and its tributaries. It has 1 store, cap. $7,000 ; 1 wool- len fac, 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,880. 8 sch. 325 scholars. Pop. 1,037. Orwell, p-t., Ashtabula co., O., 185 n. e. Co- lumbus, 325 W. Organized in 1826. It has 4 sch. 112 scholars. Pop. 459. Orwigsburg, p-b., capital of Schuylkill co.. Pa., 62 N. E. Harrisburg, 172 W. Situated near a small cr. which flows into the Schuylkill r. It stands on a rising ground, in a valley surround- ed by lofty hills, capable of cultivation to the top. It contains a court house and public offices of brick, a jail, an academy, and a Lutheran church. Incorporated in 1813. It has 7 stores, cap. $26,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,500. 2 acad. 87 students, 2 sch. 80 scholars. Pop. 779. Osage, r., Mo., rises in the Indian territory, and flows into the state of Mo., and after a wind- ing course, falls into the Missouri r., 133 ms. above the Mississippi. It is 397 yards wide at its mouth, and navigable for steamboats 200 ms. It has much fertile land on its borders. Osage, county. Mo. Situated a little s. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 860 sq. ms. Drained by Gasconade r., flowing into the Missouri r., which bounds it on the n. Osage r. bounds it on the n. w. Capital, Alexander. Osage, p-v., capital of Benton co.. Ark., 200 N. w. by w. Little Rock, 1,161 W. Situated on the N. side of the Arkansas r. It contains a court house, and several stores and 25 dwellings Osage, p-o., Crawford co., Mo., 87 s. e. Jeffer- son City, 911 W. Osage, t., Carroll co., Ark. It has 4 stores, cap. $9,400 ; 2 grist m., 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 660. Osborn's Bridge, p-o., Northampton t., Ful- ton CO., N. Y., 58 N. w. Albany, 421 W. Osborn's Ford, p-o., Scott co., Va., 350 w. by N. Richmond, 410 W. Osborn's Hollow, p-o., Chenango t., Broome CO., N. Y., 130 w. s. w. Albany, 306 W. Osceola, p-v., capital of St. Clair co.. Mo., 132 w. Jefferson City, 1,068 W. Situated on the s. side of Osage t. It contains a court house and a few dwellings. Oscoda, county, Mich. Situated in the n. E. part of the state, and contains 576 square miles. Drained by Au Sable r. (It is unorganized.) OsH KosH, p-o.. Fond du Lac co., Wis., 118 n. E. Madison, 965 W. Osnaburgh, p-t.. Stark CO., O., 129 n. e. Co- lumbus, 303 W. The surface is rolling and hilly, with a growth of oak timber. The v. contains 1 church, 3 stores, 2 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 70 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants. Pop. 2,333. Ossabaw Island and Sound, Bryan co., Ga. Situated at the mouth of Ogechee r. The island is low and sandy, and 10 ms. long ; and the sound is an inlet between this island and Warren island, constituting a broad estuary. Ossian, p-t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 244 w. by s. Albany, 334 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, a fertile argillaceous loam. Drained by Canaseraga cr. and its branches. The v. con- tains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 saw m., 1 tannery, 30 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. There are in the t. 1 fulling m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $3,000; 8 sch. 311 scholars. Pop. 933. OssiPEE, lake and river, Strafford co., N. H., covers about 7,000 acres, in an oval form, and without islands. Its waters are pure, and are discharged through Ossipee r., passing through several ponds into Saco r., Me. Ossipee, mountains, Strafford co., N. H., ex- tend about 8 ms. toward the e., a little n. of the north part of Winnipiseogee lake, and reaching within 4 ms, of Ossipee lake. Ossipee, p-t., capital of Carroll co., N. H., 52 N. N. E. Concord, 533 W. Ossipee lake lies partly in its N. E., and Ossipee mountain in its n. w. part. Bear Camp r. passes through it into Ossipee lake. It has several ponds. Incorporated in 1785. The V. is situated on the w. side of Ossipee lake, and contains a court house and several dwellings. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. $11,500 ; 3 tan- neries, 5 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,360. 22 sch. 876 scholars. Pop. 2,170. OsTERViLLE, p-v., Barnstable t. and co., Mass., 72 s. s. E. Boston, 477 W. Situated on the E. side of Oyster bay, and contains a Baptist and Congi-egational church, and several dwellings. OswEGATCHiE, r., N. Y., rises in Herkimer CO., and, flowing into St. Lawrence co., pursues a circuitous course, in a n. w. direction, until it enters the St. Lawrence, at Ogdensburg. It is about 120 ms. long. OswEGATCHiE, t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 16 w. Canton, 200 n. n. w. Albany. The surface is undulating ; soil, clay loam, generally well cultivated. Black lake lies partly in this t., and discharges its waters into Oswegatchie r. The St. Lawrence r. bounds it on the N. w. It con- tains the V. of Ogdensburg. It has 2 commission houses, cap. $3,000 ; 57 stores, cap. $202,500 ; 1 lumber yard, 3 furnaces, 3 fulling m., 4 tanner- ies, 2 printing offices, 1 bindery, 2 weekly news- papers, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $473,400. 19 sch. 662 scholars. Pop. 3,193. Oswegatchie, p-o., Lewis co., N. Y., 163 N. w. Albany, 462 W. Oswego, r., N. Y., is formed by the junction of Seneca and Oneida rivers. Seneca r. forms a common outlet of Seneca, Cayuga, Crooked, Canandaigua, Ovvasco, Skeneateles, and Cross lakes. Oaeida r. forms the outlet of Oneida lake. After the junction, Oswego r. pursues a N. w. course, 24 m.s., until it enters Lake Ontario, at Oswego V. The r., for some distance, forms the Oswego canal, the falls being overcome by a succession of locka. It affords extensive water osw 504 OTI power. At its mouth is the commodious harbor of Oswego, which has been much improved by artificial structures. It has falls near its moutli, which prevent its being navigated at all by ves- sels from the lake. Oswego, county, N. Y. Situated in the n. part of the state, on Lake Ontario, and contains 923 sq. nis. Drained by Oswego r., Salmon r., and numerous small streams, flowing into Lake Ontario, which bounds it on the n. w. Oneida lake lies on its s. e. border. The Oswego canal ftasses down the e. bank of Oswego r. Surface, evel, or gently undulating ; the soil is well adapted to grain and to grazing. Capitals, Oswe- go and Pulaski. There were in 1840, neat caltle 33,369, sheep 63,842, swine 3J,-233; wheat 138,602 bush, produced, rye 1,676, Indian corn 189,327, buckwheat 41,618, barley 11.061, oats 215,177, potatoes 599,137, sugar 261,98J pounds; 7 com- mercial and commission houses, cap. $246,000; 107 stores, cap. §366,225 ; 3 lumber yards, cap. $11,000; 6 furnaces, 16 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 25 tanneries, 10 flouring m", 29 grist m., 135 saw m., 2 oil m., 1 paper fac, 5 printing offices, 5 weekly newspapers. Capital in manufactures $895,066. 5 acad. 463 students, 325 sch. 12,193 scholars. Pop. 43,619. Oswego, p-v., port of entry, and semi-capital of Oswego CO., N. Y. It lies on both sides of Oswego r., at its entrance into Lake Ontario, in the towns of Oswego and Scriba, 160 w. N. w. Albany, 373 W. Incorporated in 1828. It is regularly and handsomely laid out with streets 100 feet wide, crossing each other at right angles. The two parts of the village are connected by a bridge, 700 feet long, which cost .$6,000. It has a court house, a custom house, 2 banks, with an aggregate capital of $400,000, an insurance com- pany, an incorporated academy, and a flourishing female seminary, 5 churches — 2 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Roman Catholic, besides a Bethel congregation. It has great facilities for commerce. The Oswego ca- nal, 38 miles, connects it with the Erie canal at Syracuse. A part of the way the Oswego river constitutes the canal, and lias a tow-path on its bank. Next to Sacketts Harbor, Oswego has the best harbor on the s. side of Lake Ontario. The harbor is formed by a pier, or mole, built by the U. S., of wood, filled in with stones, and having stones on the outside, on the lake side. This pier is 1,219 feet in length, with an entrance 250 feet wide. On the end of the w. pier is a light-house, and there is another on the hill, on the E. side of the r., near the fort. The water ■within the pier has a depth ol' from 10 to 20 feet, and the harbor is spacious and safe. There are owned at this place 6 steamboats and 70 schoo- ners, averaging 100 tons burden, and a large number of canal-lwats. The canal-boats are generally built in a very substantial manner, with decks, capable of being towed through the lake. A considerable portion of the trade be- tween New York and the west passes through Oswego and the Welland canal, in Canada, around the Falls of Niagara. The salt from Sa- lina, destined to the west, mostly passes this way. The toimage of Oswego, in 1840, was 8,346. Oswego possesses great manufacturing facilities. A feeder dam, 73i feet high, three fourths of a mile above tlie village, furnishes an abundance of surplus water, which is taken from tlie canal, with a Jail of 19 feet, on the e. side of the r. A canal has also been constructed on the w. side, 62 feet wide and 7 feet deep, at a cost of $75,000, whicli has a fall at the village of 19 feet. Various manufacturing establishments now exist, and many more might be accommodated. Thff t. of Oswego had in 1840, mostly in the v. of Oswego, 3 commercial and 4 commission houser in for. trade, cap. $246,000 ; 32 retail stores, cap. $92,150; 2 lumber yards, cap. $1,000; 2 tanner- ies, 5 flouring m., 2 grist m., 6 saw m., 3 printmjf offices, and 4 weekly newspapers. Cap. m man- ufac. $323,135. 17 sch. 1,039 scholars. Pop. 4,665 ; of the v. of Oswego, 4,500. As a consid- erable portion of the v. of Oswego lies in the township of Scriba, part of the following statistics of that t. belong to the v. of Oswego. 2 stores, cap. $5,500; 1 lumber yard, cap. $7,000; 1 tan- nery, 4 flouring m., 3 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $I72,.S]6. l7 sch. 1,047 scholars. Pop. 4,051. Daily lines of steamboats, for the convey- ance of passengers, run between Oswego and Lewiston, Kingston, Canada, Sacketts Harbor, and Ogdensburgh, stopping at the intermediate places. On the e. side of the r., near the lake, a tract of land has been ceded to the United States, on which is situated Fort Oswego, for the defence of the harbor, which occupies the site of an old fort of the same name, celebrated in the colonial wars, and wliich was given up by the British treaty of 1794. The town, with the fort, fell into the hands of the British during tiie late war ; but they were expelled from it, 12 hours afterward, with loss. The surface of Oswego t. is mostly level ; soil, sandy loam, of medium quality. Watered by Oswego r. Drained by several small streams flowing into Lake Ontario, which bounds it on the N. Oswego, t., Potter co., Pa. It has 3 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $380. Pop. lOi. Oswego, p-v., Kosciusko co., la., 133 n. In- dianapolis, 603 \Y. Oswego, p-v., Kane co., 111., 171 N. n. e. Springfield, 760 W. Otego, cr., N. Y., rises in Burlington, Otsega CO., and empties into the E. branch of Susque- hanna r. It affords good water power. Otego, p-t., Otsego co., N. Y., 22 s. w. Coop- erstown, 86 w. Albany, 340 W. The surface is partly hilly, w'ith extensive flats along the Sus- quehanna r.; soil, clay and sandy loam. Drained by Otsdawa cr. and Susquehanna r. The v. con- tains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Baptist — 7 stores, 1 tannery, 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. There arc in the t. 5 stores, cap. $20,500 ; 2 fulling m., I tannery, 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,300. 15 sch. 571 scholars. Pop. 1,919. Otis, t., Hancock co., Me. It contains several large ponds, the outlets of which flow into Blue- iiill bay, and one which discharges its waters into Penobscot r. It has 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 4 sch. 48 scholars. Pop. 88. Otis, p-t., Berkshire co., Mass., 15 s. E. Lenox, 119 w. Boston, 368 W. The surface is uneven and broken, and difficult of tillage ; the soil is well adapted to grazing. Drained by head branches of Farmington and Westfield rivers. It has 3 stores, cap. $5,100; 1 forge, 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $29,912. I acad. 20 students, 10 sell. 305 scholars. Pop. 1,177. Otisco, lake, N. Y., lies in the w. part of On- ondaga CO., is 5 miles long and 2 wide, and dis- (•harges its waters by Nine Alile cr. into Ononda- ga lake. The cr. affords water power. Otisco, p-t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 15 a. Syra- cuse, 138 w. by N. Albany, 335 VV. The surface is hilly; soil, clay loam, and generally well cul- tivated. Otiscolakeliesonitsw. border. Drained by Nine Mile cr., the outlet of the lake. The v. OTS 505 OTT contains 1 church, 'i stores, 20 dwellings, and about 100 inhabitants. It has 2 stores, capital $6,000 ; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,900. 16 sch. 782 scholars. Pop. 1,906. Otisco, p-t., Ionia co., Mich. It has 1 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $3,000. Pop. 212. Otis East, p-o., Otis t., Berkshire co., Mass., 116 w. Boston, 371 W. Otisfield, p-t., Cumberland co.. Me., 71 s. s. w. Augusta, 578 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Drained by Crooked r., which flows into Sebago pond or lake. It has 4 stores, cap. $1,950 ; 1 fulling m., 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,000. Pop. 1,307. Otisville, p-o.. Mount Hope t.. Orange co., N. Y., 110 s. s. w. Albany, 275 W. Otsdawa, p-v., Otego t., Otsego co., N. Y., 86 w. Albany, 344 W. It contains 1 store, 1 tan- nery, 1 fulling m., 2 saw m., and 15 or 20 dwell- ings. Otsego, lake, N. Y., situated in the n. part of Otsego CO., and is 9 miles long, and from 1 to 2 broad. The water is clear, and it is stored with a variety of excellent fish. Its outlet is the source of Susquehanna r. ; and at its departure from the lake, is the pleasant and flourishing village of Cooperstown, which has a fine view of the lake to the N. Otsego, county, N. Y. Situated centrally toward the E. part of the state, and contains 8'J2 sq. ms. The surface is elevated, hilly, and in some parts mountainous, with fertile valleys. The soil is various, but generally productive. It Contains Otsego and Canaderaga or Schuyler's lakes, both flowing into the Susquehanna river. Drained by Susquehanna r., and Cherry Valley, Butternut, and Otego creeks. Unadilla r. bounds it on the w. In Burlington, the stones scattered over the surface consist extensively of marine petrifactions. Capital, Cooperstown. There were in 1840, neat cattle 66,035, sheep 235,979, swine 47,637 ; wheat 148,880 bushels produced, rye 68,236, Ind. corn 122,382, buckwheat 45,059, bar- ley 116,715, oats 693,989, potatoes 1,293,109, hops 168,605 pounds, sugar 351,748 ; 139 stores, cap. $470,070; 7 furnaces, 43 fulling m., 4 woollen fee, 8 cotton fac. 17,502 sp., 1 dyeing and print- ing establishment, 47 tanneries, 9 distilleries, 1 brewery, 65 grist ra., 222 saw m., 3 oil m., 1 pa- per fac, 5 printing offices, 1 periodical, 4 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $929,229. 9 acad. 385 students, 300 schools 13,292 scholars. Pop. 49,628. Otsego, t., Otsego co., N. Y., 66 w. Albany. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay and gravelly and sandy loam. Otsego lake lies on the e. bor- der, and Canaderaga lake on the n. w. The out- let of the latter is Oak cr., which affords good water power. It has 26 stores, cap. $112,100 ; 2 cotton fac. 4,000 sp., 1 furnace, 4 tanneries, 1 brewery, 1 paper fac, 3 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers, and 1 periodical, 6 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $169,650. 3 acad. 187 stu- dents, 24 sch. 1,021 scholars. Pop. 1,421. Otsego, p-o., Muskingum co., O., 73 e. Co- lumbus, 337 W. Otsego, p-t., Allegan co., Mich., 149 w. by n. Detroit, 614 W. The v. is situated on Kalama- zoo r., which has a fall of 8 feet, and affords good water pov^'er. The v. is elevated 30 feet above the level of the river, and contains 2 stores, and about 200 inhabitants. There are in the t. 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $11,775. 3 sch. 103 scholars. Pop. 480. Otsego, p-o.. Lake co., 111., 250 n. n. e. Spring' field, 756 W. 64 Otselic, cr., N. Y., rises in Madison co., and flowing through parts of Chenango, Cortland, and Broome couniies, enters Touglmioga r. It affords good water power. Otselic, p-t., Chenango co., N. Y., 15 n. w. Norwich, 86 w. by s. Albany, 344 W. The sur- face is hilly, and somewhat broken ; soil, clay loam, and heavily timbered. Drained by Oste- lic cr. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,300. 14 sch. 521 scholars. Pop. 1,621. OTsaUAGA, cr., N. Y., rises in the s. part of Herkimer co., and enters the Mohawk r. in Mont- gomery CO. Otter Bridge, p-o., Bedford co., Pa., 134 w. Harrisburg, 209 W. Otter, cr., Vt., the longest stream which runs wholly in the state, rises in Mount Tabor t., in the s. E. part of Rutland co., and flows 5 ms. s. into the n. e. part of Bennington co., and in Dor- set turns to the n., and flows in a general course of N. by. w. until it enters Lake Champlain in Ferrisburgh. It is navigable for the largest lake vessels 6 ms. to Vergennes. From Middlebury to Pitlsford, 25 ms., it is boatable. It has fine foils at Middlebury, VVcybridge, and Vergennes, affording extensive water power. The large vessels of McDonougli"s squadron, and several of the largest steamboats, have been built at Vergennes. Otter Creep:, p-o., Vigo co., la., 81 w. by s. Indianapolis, 653 W. Otter Creek, p-o., Jersey co., III., 80 s. w. Springfield, 830 W. Otter, Peaks of, Va., are the summits of the Blue Ridge, and the highest land in the state The E. peak is 3,104 feet high, and the w. 2,946 feet. Other statements make the greatest eleva- tion 4,260 feet. They are situated between Bed- ford and Bottetourt comities, 30 w. by n. Lynch- burg. Otter Village, p-v., Ripley co., la., 67 s. e. Indianapolis. Otto, p-t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 10 n. w. Ellicottville, 306 w. by s. Albany, 348 W. The surface is elevated and broken ; soil, gravelly and clay loam. Cattaraugus cr. bounds it on the' N., by which, and its tributaries, it is drained. It has 3 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 5 saw. Cap. in manufac. $9,800. I'i sch. 639 scholars. Pop. 2,133. Ottobine, p-o., Rockbridge co., Va., 144 w. Richmond, 144 W. Ottowa, county, O. Situated toward fhe n. w. part of the state, bounded by Lake Erie on the N., and contains 350 sq. ms. Drained by Portage and Toussaint rivers. Sandusky bay lies on its s. e. border. Surface level ; soil, fer- tile. Capital, Port Clinton. There were in 1810, neat cattle 327, sheep 1,489, swine 5,074; wheat 14,506 bush, produced, rye 1,693, Ind. corn 36,757, buckwheat 1,522, oats 3,465, potatoes 15,734, sugar 9,449 pounds ; 5 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $12,400. 4 sch. 115 scholars. Pop. 2,2t8. Ottowa, county, Mich. Situated in the n. w. part of the settled portion of the peninsula, and contains 700 sq. ms. The surface is rolling, with sand bluffs on the lake shore ; soil, fertile. Lake Michigan bounds it on the w. Drained by Grand r. and its tributaries, and Miiskegon r. Capital, Grand Haven. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2G9, swine 492; wheat 1,226 bush, produced, Ind. corn 3,950, oats 2,235, potatoes 7,741, sugar 12,229 pounds ; 2 commission houses, cap. $1,000; 2 stores, cap. $3,500; 1 tannery, 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac $104,500. Pop. 20d. OWA 506 OWE Ottowa, p-t., Ottowa co., O., 132 .\. Coliim- l)iis, 450 W. It has 2 commis^sion houses, cap. $1,(»00; 2 stores, cap. $3,500; 2 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. 8'-'5,00l). Ottowa, p-v., capital of La Salle co., 111., 133 N. N. E. Springlicld, 773 W. Situated on both fiidos of Illinois r., at the junction of Fox r. The r. here is deep, and there is a convenient steam- boat landing ; but the rapids for the distance of 8 or 9 ms. below require Jiigli water for the ap- jjroacli of steamboats. It was founded in 1830, ■and contains a court house, 10 stores, about 80 dwellings, and 500 inhabitants. It possesses an extensive water power. Ott.sville, p-v., Nockamixon t., Bucks co.. Pa., 112 E. llarrisburg, 174 \Y. It contains a store and 6 or 8 dwelhngs. OuRV's, p-o., Hamilton co., O., 124 s. w. by w. Columbus, 508 W. Overslaugh, N. Y., consists of a succession of bars and flats in Hudson r., 3 ms. below Alba- ny, rendering the channel shallow and winding. By walls on the sides of the r., erected by the government of the United States, the main bed of the r. has been narrowed, and the navigation improved. Overton, county, Tenn. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 890 sq. ms. Drain- ed by Obies r. and its branches, and by Roaring cr. Surface undulating ; soil, fertile, especially along the streams. Capital, Monroe. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,213, sheep 11,011, swine 42,034 ; wheat 38,452 bush, produced, rye 3,713, Ind. corn 541,647, oats 77,GSi, potatoes 19,404, tobacco 261,160 pounds, cotton 18,949, sugar 31,339; 15 .stores, cap. $45,800; 2 forges, 5 tanneries, 53 distilleries, 2 powder m., 28 grist m., 14 saw m., 1 oil ra. Cap. in manufac. $4,828. 20 sch. 648 scholars. Pop. whites 8,334, slaves 839, free col'd 5G ; total, 9,279. Overton, p-v., capital of Claiborne parish, La., 406 N. w. New Orleans, 1,276 VV. Situated on the E. side of Dorcheat bayou. It contains a court house, several stores, and about 10 dwell- ings. Ovid, p-t., and semi-capital of Seneca co., N. Y., 189 w. Albany, 323 W. Situated between Cayuga lake on the e., and Seneca lake on the \v^ The surface is elevated in the middle, and declines toward each lake. The soil is fertile. Drained by several fine mill-streams, which flow into the lakes. The v. is situated at an equal distance from the 2 lakes, and contains a court house, jail, 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Bap- list, and 1 Methodist — an academy, 8 stores, 100 dwellings, and about 700 inhabitants. There are in the t. 2 tanneries, 1 printing oflice, 1 week- ly newspaper, 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $5,200. 1 acad. 48 students, 8 sch. 308 scholars. Pop. 2,721. Ovin, p-o., Jefferson t., Franklin co., 0., 17 e. by N. Columbus, 388 W. Ovid, p-t.. Branch co., Mich. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manuliic. $1,200. 4 sch. 55 scholars. Pop. 369. Ovid, p-v., Madison co., la., 3G n. e. Lidian- apolis, 551 VV. Ovid Centre, p-o., Ovid t., Seneca co., N. Y. (See Ovid t.) OwASco Lake, Cayuga co., N. Y., is 12 miles long, and about 1 m. wide. Its waters are pure, and abound with tnnu and other fish. Its banks present much picturesque beauty. Ow.\sco outlet, is. v., flows from Owasco ake, 2 ms. s. Auburn, and empties into Seneca r., in the town of Mentz. It affords extensive water power. Owasco, p-t., Cayuga co.. N. Y. 3 s. e. Ail burn, 162 w. Albany, 331 W. The surface is rolling ; soil, a fertile loam, highly cultivated. Owasco lake lies on its s. w. border. Drained by small streams wliich flow into the lake. The V. contiiins 2 churches, 1 store, 25 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. There are in the t. 1 store, cap. ,$5,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,100. 7 sch. 831 scholars Pop. 1,319. OwAsso, p-t., Shiawassee co., Mich., 82 n. w. Detroit, .585 W. The v. is situated on Shiawas- see r., and contains a store, and rf number of dwellings. The t. has 3 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 1 flouring m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,328. 1 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 231. OwEGO, creek, N. \ ., rises in Cortland and Tompkins counties, and enters the Susquehamia r. at Owego v. It passes several pleasant vil- lages, and affords extensive water power. OwEGO, p-t., capital of Tioga co., N. Y., 161 w. s. w. Albany, 275 W. The surface is hilly, with extensive flats along the Susquehanna r. Drained by Owego cr. and Susquehanna r. The V. is situated on the n. side of tlie Susquehanna r. It was incorporated in 1827, and contains a court house, jail, county clerk's office, an acade- my, a banking house, 4 churches — 1 Presbyte- rian, 1 F.piscopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — 30 stores, 1 steam furnace and machine shop, 1 woollen fac, 1 flouring m., 4 saw m., 1 axe fac, 1 i)laster m., 1 tannery, 1 pail and tub fac, 2 printing offices, 300 dwellings, and about 1,800 inhabitants. There are in the t. 36 stores;, cap. $196,001); 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspa- pers, 8 grist m., 52 saw m., 2 oil. Cap. in manu- fac. $93,684. I acad. 268 students, 1,399 schol- ars in schools. Pop. 5,310. Owen, county, Ky. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 320 sq. ms. Kentucky r. runs on its s. w. border. Drained by Eagle cr. Capital, New Liberty. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,726, sheep 11,810, swine 19,8t)0 ; wheat 61,020 bush, produced, rye 3,913, Ind. corn 368,575, oats 59,965, potatoes 8,357, tobacco 776,969 pounds, sugar 18,457 ; 13 stores, cap. $S6,100; 2 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 11 grist m., 12 saw m. ('ap. in manufac. $24,018- 17 sch. 511 scholars. Pop. whites 6,915, slaves 1,281, free col'd 36 ; total 8,232. Owen, county, la. Situated a little s. w. of the centre of the state, and contains 396 sq. ms. The surface is gently undulating; soil, fertile and well timbered. Watered by the w. fork of While r. and its tributaries, and Mill cr., a branch of Eel r., which atlbrd extensive water power, in the vicinity of which is iron ore. Capital, Spen- cer. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,450, sheep 9,578, swine 24,971 ; wheat 47,082 bush, produced, rye 1,990, Ind. corn 387,050, oats 45,265, potatoes 11,969, tobacco 41,744 pound.s, sugar 69,131; 19 stores, cap. $39,125; 1 woollen fixe, 4 tanneries, 8 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 25 grist m., 16 savvm., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $29,565. 19 sch. 558 scholars. Pop. 8,359. Owen Hill, p-o., Williamson co., Tenn. Owen's, p-o., Scott co., Ky., 26 n. e. Frank- fort, 536 W. Owensboro', p-v., and capital of Daviess co., Ky., 166 w. s. w. Frankfort, 693 W. Situated on the s. side of t)hio r., and contains a court house, a church, 5 stores, and about 200 inhabitants. Owen's Station, p-o., St. Louis co., Mo., 126 E. by N. Jefferson City, 822 W. Owensville, p-v., Somers t., Westchester co., N. Y., 115 s. Albany, 283 W. Situated oil Cro- ton r., and contains 1 store, 1 paper m., I grist m. OXF 507 OXF 1 saw m., 1 cloihier's works, and 15 or 20 dwell- ings. OwENsviLLE, p-o., Stonelick t., Clermont cc. O., 100 s. w. Columbus, 471 W. OwENsviLLE, p-v., Gibson CO., la., 152 s. w. Lulianapolis, 722 W. OwE.NsviLLE, p-v., Sampson co., N. C, 84 s. s. E. Raleigb, 336 VV. OwENSviLLE, p-v.. Saline co., Ark., 33 s. w. Little Rock, 1,098 W. OwENSviLLE, p-o.. Clay co.. Mo., 174 w. n. w. Jefferson City, 1,0S7 W. OwEXTO.N, p-v., Owen co., Ky., 28 n. Frank- fort, 551 W. Ovving's Mills, p-o., Baltimore co., Md., 42 N. Annapolis, 52 W. OvviNG.sviLLE, p-o., Anne Arundel co., Md. OwiNGSviLLE, p-v., capital of Batli co., Ky., 73 E. Franklbrt, 499 W. Situated a little w. of Slate cr., a branch of Licking r. It contains a court house, 2 stores, and 251 inhabitants. Owl Creek, p-o., Knox co., O. Owl Prairie, p-o., Uaviess co., la., 90 s. w. Indianapolis, 657 W. Oxbow, p-v., Antwerp t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 176 N. w. Albany, 445 W. Situated on Oswe- gatchie r., and contains 1 church, 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 sawm., 1 pocket furnace, 30 dwellings, and about 2U0 inhabitants. O.XFORD, county. Me. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 1,600 sq. ms. It con- tains a number of lakes in the n. part, connected together, which flow into Umbagog lake, and thence into the Androscoggin r., by which and its branches, and by Saco r., it is drained. The surface is generally rough, and in some parts mountainous ; but much of the soil is fertile. Capital, Paris. There were in 1849, neat cattle 24,995, sheep 63,507, swine 8,229 ; wheat 66,696 bush, produced, rye 29,312, Ind. corn 83,339, buckwheat 4,852, barley 7,075, oats 110,172, pota- toes 669,684, sugar 19,158 pounds ; 59 stores, cap. $51,258; 1 furnace, 10 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 26 tanneries, 6 flouring m., 37 grist m., 63 saw m., 3 oil m., 1 paper fac, 1 printing office, 1 week- ly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $129,444. 8 acad. 359 students, 309 sch. 14,330 scholars. Pop. 38,351. Oxford, p-t., Oxford co.. Me., 50 s. w. Augus- ta, 582 W. The soil is much of it fertile, adapted to grain. Drained by Little Androscoggin r. It has a considerable pond in the s. part, which flows into the r. It has 5 stores, cap. $3,400 ; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,940. 12 sch. 516 scholars. Pop. 1,254. Oxford, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 52 vv. Bos- ton, 394 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, a fer- tile gravelly loam. Watered by French r., a branch of Quinnebaug r., which affords extensive water power, and on which are extensive manu- factories. It contains a Congregationalist and a Universalist church. The v. is on one extended street, running n. and s. Many of its early set- tlers were French Huguenots, irom near Rochelle, in France. There are in the t. 9 stores, cap. $18,3LI0 ; 3 woollen fac, 4 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $266,450, 1 acad. 30 students, 11 sch. 500 scholars. Pop. 1,742. Oxford, p-t.. New Haven co., Ct., 55 s. w. Hartford, 309 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, a fertile gravelly loam. Housatonic r. runs on its s. w. border. Drained by Naugatuck r, and a branch, which affords water power, Thev, con- tains 2 churches — 1 Congregational and 1 Episco- pal. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $8,901) ; 4 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 2 distd- leries, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $55,900. 1 acad. 25 students, 13 sch. 482 scholars: Pop. 1,626. Oxford, p-t., Chenango co., N. Y., 10 s. Nor- wich, 109 w. Albany, 3:.;8 W. The surface is rolling; soil, fertile and well cultivated. Water- ed by Chenango r., along which passes Chenan- go canal. The v. is pleasantly situated on both sides of Chenango r. Incorporated in 1808, and contains 5 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Universalist; an academy, 21 stores, 2 forwarding houses, 1 grist m., 1 plaster m., 1 iron foundry, 1 tannery, sever- al carriage fac, 2 printing offices, 180 dwellings, and about 1,300 iidiabitants. The Chenango canal passes through the v. There are in the t. 17 stores, cap. $62,500 ; 5 lulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 acad., 3S9 students, 25 sch. 902 scholars. Pop. 3,179. Oxford, t., Warren co., N. J. The surface is broken and mountainous, with fertile valleys. Delaware r. runs on its w. border. Drained by Pequest cr. and its tributary, Beaver brook, which afford water power. It contains Belvidere v., the capital of the co., and several other villages. It has 12 stores, cap. $52,000 ; 2 tanneries, 4 dis- tilleries, 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $29,800. 12 sch. 822 scholars. Pop. 2,853. Oxford, p-v., Chester co., Pa., 41 s. w. Phila- delphia, 69 E. s. e. Harrisburg, 98 W. It contains a Presbyterian church, 2 stores, and 15 or 20 dwellings. Oxford, t., Philadelphia co., Pa. Bounded s. E. by Delaware r. The surface is a gentle de- clivity; soil, sandy loam. Wateredby Tacony cr., which affords water power, and Sissisocksink cr. It contains Frankford b. It contains an in- sane asylum, established by the society of Friends, and a United States arsenal. It has 40 stores, cap. $33,030 ; 3 lumber yards, cap. $32,000 ; 3 cotton fac 2,472 sp., 1 tannery, 1 brewery, 1 pottery. Cap. in manufac. $254,050. 6 sch. 313 scholars. Pop. 1,582. Oxford, collection dist., Md. Tonnage, 1840, 13,926. Oxford, p-t., Butler co., O., 105 w. s. w. Co- lumbus, 502 W. The land belongs in fee simple to the j>Iiami University, which is located in the t. The land was given by the congress of the United Stales, and now yields an income of over $4,500 annually, and is constantly increasing. The university was founded in 1809, and con- tains a president and 5 professors or other in- structors — has 279 alumni, of whom 80 have been ministers of the gospel — has 139 students, and 4,352 vols, in its libraries. The commencement is on the second Thursday in August. It has 1 acad. 162 students, 9 sch. 264 scholars. Pop. 3,388. Oxford, t., Coshocton co., O. It has 3 stores, cap. $2,290. Pop. 760. Oxford, t., Delaware co., O. It has 2 sch. 66 scholars. Pop. 774. Oxford, t., Erie co., O. Pop. 736. Oxford, t., Guernsey co., O. It has 6 sch. 240 scholars. Pop. 2,252. Oxford, t., Tuscarawas co., O. It has 3 com- mission houses, cap. $2,000 ; 5 stores, cap. $10,800 ; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufec. $1,000. 7 sch. 293 scholars. Pop. 826. Oxford, p-t., Oakland co., Mich., 42 n w. De- troit, 565 W. Pop. 574. Oxford, p-v., capital of Granville co., N. C, 45 N. Raleigh, 256 W. Situated on the w, side of Fishing cr., 6 ms. n. Tar r. It contains a court house, jail, market house, hospital, 2 academics, 3 churches— I Episcopal, 1 Methodist, 1 Presby- terian — and 450 inhabitants. PAG 508 PAI Oxford, p-v., Henry co., 111., 122 n. n. w. Springfield, 851 W. Oxford, p-v., and capital of La Fayette co., Miss., 160 N. N. K. Jackson, 911 W. It contains a court house and a few dwellings. Oxford Furnape, p-v., Oxford t., Warren co., N. J., 52 N. by w. Trenton, 210 W. Situated on a branch of Pequest cr., near the E. lino of the t. A furnace was erected here over 70 years since. It has recently been rebuilt. Abunduiico of iron ore is found in the vicinity, which is mag- netic, enclosed in walls of rotten mica. It is very rich, and easily smelted. Oyster Bay, p-t., Queens co., N. Y., 182 s. by E. Albany, 262 VV. It is a large t., extending across Long Island from n. to s. The surface on the N. is somewhat hilly ; soil, loam and stony ; on the s. it is level and sandy. On the N. is a bay of the same name in Long Island sound. On the s. is Great Soutli Bay, vvhicli sets up from the Atlantic. The v. is pleasantly situated at the head of Oyster bay, and contains 1 Baptist and 1 Friends church, 4 stores, 1 grist m., 60 dwelling.s, and abotit 400 inhabitants. Several sloops and a steamboat ply to New York. It is a very pleasant sumnjer residence. There are in the t. 14 stores, cap. $48,000; 1 lumber yard, cap. $1,500 ; 4 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 1 tan- nery, 8 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $30,750. 1 acad. 30 students, 20 sch. 809 scholars. Pop. 5,865. Oyster Bay, N. Y., sets up from Long Island sound, and is connected with Oyster Bay harbor and Cold Spring harbor. It abounds with wild fowl, and shell and scale fish. Oyster Bay South, p-v., Oyster Bay t., Queens co., N. Y., 179 s. by e. Albany, 259 W. Oyster Pond,v., Southold t., Suffolk; co., N. Y. Situated on Oyster Pond harbor, and contains 2 churches, several stores, 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. It has several sloops and schooners wliich trade to i\ew York. (See Orient.) OzAN, t., Hempstead co.. Ark. It has 11 stores, cap. $1 16,400; 2 tanneries, 1 printing office, I weekly nevi'spaper, 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,200. 1 acad. 38 students, 1 sch. 35 scholars. Pop. 1,403. Ozark, county, 3Io. Situated on the southern border of the state, and contains 1,200 sq. ms. Drained by the n. fork of White r. Capital, Ozark C. H. Ozark, p-v., capital of Franklin co.. Ark., 121 N. w. Little Rock, 1,186 W. Situated on the n. side of Arkansas r,, and contains a court house, and several stores and dwellings. Ozark, p-v., Greene co.. Mo., 172 s. s. w. Jef- ferson City, 1,089 W. Ozark, C. H., v., Ozark co.. Mo., 140 s. Jeffer- son City. Situated on the e. side of the N. fork of White r. P. Pace's, p-o., Barren co., Ky., 124 s. w. Frank- fort, 660 W. Pacific Ocean, the, forms the w. boundary of the United States, and therefore deserves a passing notice in this work. It lies between Asia and America, having a breadth of over 10,000 miles. It was first navigated by Magel- lan, who entered it through the dangerous strait which bears his name ; and, after entering it, ui sailing for 3 months and 20 days without seeing land, until he arrived at the Ladrone Islands, enjoying an uninterrupted course of fine weather, he named it the Pacific Ocean, though it is not less exposed to storms, in many parts, than the Atlan- tic. From its apparent situation, on its first dis- covery, from the Isthmus of Darien, it obtained the name of the Great South Sea, but this name is now obsolete. It is generally divided into the N. and s. Pacific, the equator behig the dividing line between them. Pack ITT A, p-v.. Early co., Ga., 166 s. w. Mil- ledgevillc, 823 W. Pack's Ferry, p-o., Monroe co., Va. Pacolet, r., N. and S. C, rises in the Blue Ridge in N. C, and enters Broad r., in Union dist., S. C, at Pinkeyville. Pactolus, p-o., Pitt CO., N. C, 114 e. Raleigh, 300 W. Paddock's Grove, p-o., Madison co., HI., 67 s. Springfield, 801 W. Paddy's Run, p-o., Morgan t, Butler co., O., 114 w. s. w. C^olumbus, 502 W. Paddytown, p-v., Hampshire co., Va., 213 n. N. w. Richmond, 141 W. Situated on the Poto- mac r. Padugah, p-v., capital of McCracken co., Ky., 284 w. s. w. Frankfort, 816 W. Situated on the s.bank of the Ohio r., immediately below the en- trance of the Tennessee r. It contains a court house, 15 or 20 stores, and about 1,000 inhab- itants. Paqe, county, Va. Situated toward the n. e. part of the state, and contains 160 sq. ms. The Blue Ridge forms its e. boundary. Drained by the s. fork of Shenandoah r. The surface is generally hilly ; soil, mostly fertile. Capital, Luray. There were in 1810, neat cattle 5,300, sheep 5,223, swine 12,517; wheat 105,199 bushels produced, rye 29,886, Ind. corn 155,784, buckwheat 1,412, oats 29,166, potatoes 14,742, tobacco 6,588 pounds ; 11 stores, cap. $99,000 ; 2 furnaces, 5 forges, 5 tanneries, 2 ciistilleries, 21 flouring m., 14 grist m., 40 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manui'ac. $86,785. 11 sch. 257 scholars. Pop. whites 5,195, slaves 781, free col'd 216; total, 6,194. Pagesville, p-v., Newberry dist., S. C, 49 vv. N. w. Columbia, 514 W. Paiiaquarry, t., Warren co., N. J., 15 n. Bel- videre. It lies between Blue mountain and Dela- ware r., which bounds it w. and s. w. Tne sur- face is mountainou.s, excepting on the r., where it is fertile bottom land. The Delaware Water Gap, where the r. passes Blue mountain, is on its s. w. boundary. A road has been cut out of the mountain through the Gap, without which it was nearly impassable on the Jersey side. There are in the t. 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,900. Pop. 370. Pai.ncourtville, p-v.. Assumption par.. La., 81 w. New Orleans, 1,218. Pain's Hollow, p-o., German Flats t., Herki- mer CO., N. Y., 74 w. N. w. Albany, 385 VV^ Painsville, p-v., Amelia co., Va., 49 s. w Richmond, 166 W. It contains 1 Baptist church and about 60 inhabitants. In the vicinity are 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 2 stores, and a cotton fac. Painsville, p-v., capital of Lake co., O., 30 e. Cleycland, 179 n. e. Columbus, 349 W. It is bounded by Lake Erie on the n. Drained by Grand r. It contains within its boundaries the small villages called cities of Fairport and Rich- mond, at the mouth of the r. The v is situated PAL 509 PAL near the centre, on a high bank of Grand r., and contains a court house, jail, 3 churches — 1 Pres- byterian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist — a bank- ing house for the hank of Geauga, 25 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 furnace. Fairport, 2 ms. N., may be regarded as its port, where is a good harbor, and y iiich is connected with Painsville by a railroad. 'There are in the t. 53 stores, cap. $41,100 ^''I furnace, 1 tannery, 2 printing offices, 3 weeV'.y newspapers, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. i:i manufac. $10,940. 1 acad. 120 students, 9 sf'i. 975 scholars. Pop. 2,580. Paint, t., Venango co.. Pa. It has 1 furnace, i distillery, 2 grist m., 3 saw ni. Cap. in manu- fac. $2,650. Pop. 491. Paint, t., Somerset co., Pa. It has 1 fulling m., 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap in manufac. $1,650. Pop. 487. Paint, cr., a w. branch of Scioto r., rises in Madison co. and enters the Scioto, 5 miles below Chilicothe. It is about 60 ms. long. Paint, t.. Holmes county, O. Watered by a branch of Sugar cr. It has 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,810. Pop. 1,361. Paint, t., Highland co., O. It has 6 sch. 410 scholars. Pop. 2,560. Paint, t., Fayette co., O. It contains the vil- lage of Bloomingburg. The soil is fertile, adapt- ed to grazing. It has 3 stores, cap. $30,000 ; 1 saw m., cap. $3,500. 9 sch. 360 scholars. Pop. 1,210. Paint, t., Ross co., O. Watered on the w. and s. by Paint cr., and in the middle by Buck- skin cr. Pop. 1,380. Paint, t., Wayne co., O., 95 n. e. Columbus. It contains the villages of Mount Eaton and West Lebanon. It has 6 stores, cap. $9,800 ; 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 flouring m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,430. Pop. 1,610. Paint Creek, p-o., Kanawha co., Va. Paint Creek, p-o., Floyd co., Ky., 160 e. s. E. Frankfort, 466 W. Paint Creek, p-o., Washtenaw co., Mich,, 36 w. Detroit, 511 W . Painted Post, p-t., Steuben co., N. Y., 22 s. E. Bath, 210 w. s. w. Albany. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly loam, highly productive on the streams. Here commences a navigable feeder of the Chemung canal. It has 2 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 1 grist m., 27 saw m. Cap in man- ufac. $21,750. 1 acad. 120 students, 10 sch. 463 scholars. Pop. 1,674. Painted Post, p-v., Erwin t., Steuben co., N. Y., 212 w. by s. Albany, 2S6 W. Situated at the junction of Conhocton and Tioga rivers, which here form Chemung r. It contains 1 Presbyterian church, 8 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 plaster m., 1 tannery, 60 dwellings, and about 450 inliabitants. The falls in the r. here aflTord great water power. The New York and Erie railroad is laid through the place. It is on the site of an ancient Indian burying ground, and derives its name from a painted post erected by them in memory of a distinguished chief, and the inhabitants have perpetuated a similar post on the same spot. Three ms. n. is a mineral spring of some celebrity. Painter's Cross Roads, p-o., Birmingham t., Delaware county, Pa., 80 e. by s. Harrisburg, 114 W. Paint Lick, p-o., Garrard co., Ky., 62 s. s. e. Frankfort, 560 W. Palatine, p-t., Montgomery co., N. Y., 56 w. N. w. Albany, 390 W. The surface is hilly. On the N. side of the Mohawk is the promontory called " Anthony's Nose." The soil is generally fertile. Drained by Garoga creek flowing into the Mohawk, which bounds it on the s. The v. contains 1 Lutheran church, 1 store, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 plaster m., 1 lead pipe fac, and 12 or 15 dwellings. There are in the t. 2 stores, cap. $4,500; 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,500. 3 sch. 115 scholars. Pop. 2,823. Palatine Bridge, p-v.. Palatine t., Mont- gomery CO., N. Y., 51 w. N. w. Albany, 394 W. Situated on the n. side of Mohawk r., opposite the V. of Canajoharie, with which it is connect- ed by a bridge. It contains 1 church, 3 stores, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Here is a fine quarry of building stone. Palatine Hill, p-o., Monongalia co., Va., 277 N. w. Richmond, 210 W. Palenville, p-o., Greene co., N. Y., 54 s. w Albany, 360 W. Palermo, p-t., Waldo co.. Me , 19 e. n. E.Au- gusta, 614 W. It contains a large pond, with which 3 smaller ones are connected, and the outlet forms a head branch of Sheepscot r. The surface is undulating ; soil, fertile, adapted to grain. Incorporated in 1804. It has 2 stores, cap. $11,000; 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $19,000. 13 sch. 537 scholars. Fop. 1,534. Palermo, p-t., Oswego co., N. Y., 15 s. e. Oswego, 157 w. N. w. Albany, 380 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, sandy loam. Drained by Catfish cr. It has 3 stores, cap. $45,100 ; 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,500. 15 sch. 696 scholars. Pop. 1,928. Palestine, p-o., Alleghany co., N. Y., 279 w. by s. Albany, 324 W. Palestine, p-v., Greenbrier co., Va. Palestine, p-o., Morgan co., Ga., 49 N. w. Milledgeville, 633 W. Palestine, p-v., Hickman co., Tenn., 68 s. w Nashville, 745 W. Palestine, p-o., Adams co., Miss., 110 s. w. Jackson, 1,120 W. Palestine, p-o., Washington par., La., 65 n. New Orleans, 1,132 W. Palestine, p-v.. Darby t., Pickaway co., O., 29 s. Columbus, 422 W. Situated on Deer cr., and contains 2 stores, 20 dwellings, and about 100 inhabitants. Palestine, v.. Unity t., Columbiana co., O. It has 1 sch. 55 scholars. Pop. 88. Palestine, p-v., Kosciusko co., la., 119 n. Indianapolis, 610 W. Palestine, p-v., capital of Crawford co.. 111., 155 s. e. Springfield, 689 W. Situated 3 ms. from Wabash r., on the borders of Lamotte prairie. It contains a court house, a U. S. land office, 2 churches, 8 stores, various mechanic shop.**, and about 500 inliabitants. Palestine, p-v.. Cooper co.. Mo., 42 w. n. w. .lefferson City, 974 W. There are in the t. 3 sch. 107 scholars. Pop. 1,354. Palisades, are a lofty range of precipitous rocks along the w. bank of the Hud.son r., ex- tending for the distance of 20 ms. They are, in some places, from 30J to 500 feet high, almost perpendicular, and present one of the grand fea- tures of the fine scenery on this interesting r. Pall Mall, p o., Fentress co., Tenn., 120 e. Nashville, 592 W. Palmer, p-t., Hampden co., Mass., 81 w. Boston, .391 W. The surface is hilly; soil, fer- tile, particularly along the streams. Watered by Ware and Swift rivers, which afTord water power. The village, at the centre, contains a Congregational church, and 12 or 15 dwellings. In the s. w. part of the t. is a manufacturing v., at the junction of Ware and Swift rivers to form Chicopee r., which contains a Baptist church and PAL 510 PAN about 25 dwellings. There are in tlie t. 8 stores, cap. $33,000 ; 2 cotton fac. 22,000 sp., 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in maiiufac. $315,700. 14 sch. 3.50 scholars. Pop. 2,13i). P.\LMER Dkpot, p-v., Palmer t., Hampden Ma.ss., 77 w. Boston, 378 W. On the line of the Boston and Albany railroad, in the k. part of llie t., and contains a satinet fac. and a number of dwellings. P.vlmer's Springs, p-o., Mecklenburg co., Va., 102 s. w. Richmond, 218 W. Pal.mf.r's Tavern, p-o., Prince Georges co., Wd., 50 s. w. Annapolis, 10 W. Palmertow.n, mts., N. Y., is a range com- mencing in the n. w. part of Washington county, and extending in a southerly direction between Lake Champlain and Lake George, through a part of Warren and Saratoga cos. Tlieir highest .summits are from 1,000 to 1,200 feet. Pal.mvra, p-t., Somerset co., 3Ie., 49 n. n. e. Augu.sta, 644 W. The surface is undulating; soil, very fertile, adapted to grain. Drained by Sebasticook r., which affords good water power. It has 2 stores, cap. S3,000 ; 1 saw m. Cap. in raanufac. $1,650. 11 sch. 629 scholars. Pop. 1,500. Pai.mvra, p-t., Wayne co., N. Y., 195 w. by N. Albany, 352 W. The surface is slightly uneven ; soil, a fertile calcareous loam, adapted to grain. Drained by Mud cr., which affords some water power. Tlie v. is situated on the Erie canal, and contains 4 churches — 1 Presby- terian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 iMethodist — an academy, 36 stores of different kinds, 1 steam grist m., 1 furnace, 2 carriage lac, various me- chanic shops, 400 dwellings, and about 2,000 ni- liabitants. The main street is over a mile long, touching the canal at both ends, and finely or- namented with trees. There are in the t. 20 stores, cap. $69,31)0 ; 2 tanneries, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 fulling m., 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $83,450. 2 acad. 77 students, 15 sch. 662 scholars. Pop. 3,549. Palmyra, p-v., Londonderry t., Lebanon co.. Pa., 14 E. Harrisburg, 121 W. It contains 3 stores, and about 30 dwellings. Palmvra, p-v., capital of Eluvanna co., Va., 62 w. N. w. Richmond, 136 W. Situated on Rivanna r., 14 ms. from its entrance into James r. It contains a court house, jail, 1 3Iethodisi church, 1 store, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 woollen fac, and about 15 dwellings. A handsome bridge here crosses Rivanna r. Pal.myra, p-v., Halifax co., N. C, 115 N. E. Raleigh, 239 W. Situated on the w. side of Roanoke r. Pal.myra, p-v., Lee co., Ga., 128 s. w. Mil- ledgeville, 785 W. Palmyra, p-v., Montgomery co., Tenn., 37 n. w. Nashville, 744 W. Palmyra, t., Wayne co., Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. .$500 ; 5 sell. 97 scholars. Pop. 427. Pai.mvra, p-t.. Portage co., O., 152 n. e. Co- lumbus, 310 W. It has 6 sch. 192 scholars. Pop. 1,359. Palmyra, p-v., Harrison co., la., 116 s. Indian- apolis, 620 \Y. Palmyra, p-t., Lenawee co., Mich., 75 s. av. Detroit, 493 W. Watered by Raisin r. and Bear cr. The .soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Tiie V. is pleasantly situiited on the Raisin r., which affords extensive water power, and it contains 2 stores, 1 flouring m., and 1 saw m. The t. has 1 distillery, 1 flouring m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac $64,500. 8 schools. I'op. 82S. Palmyra, p-v., capital of Marion co.. Mo., Ill N. N. w. Jefferson City, 925 W. Situated 8 ms. from the 3Iissouri r., and contains a court house, jail, 3 handsome brick churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — a United States land office, and 2 priming offices, each issuing a weekly newspaper. Marion college is 12 ms. w., and the Lower college 6 nis. s. Both are man- ual labor institutions. Pamaho, p-o., Jones co., Iowa. Pamelia, t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 4 n. Water- town, 168 N. w. Albany. The surface is gener- ally level : soil, fertile and well cultivated. Wa- tered by Perch r. and Black r., which runs on its s. border. It has 6 stores, cap. $14,150; 2 fulling m., 1 cotton fac. 2,424 sp., 2 tanneries, '2 gri.st m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $61,828. 16 sch. 780 scholars. Pop. 2,104. Pamelia Four Corner.s, jvo., Pamelia t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 172 n. w. Albany, 424 W. Pamlico, r., N. C., is that part of Tar r. below Washington, Beaufort co. It is a broad estuary 40 ms. long, and from 1 to 8 broad, which enters Pamlico sound, and has a depth of water suffi cient for any vessels which navigate the sound. Pa.mlico Sound, N. C, is a shallow body of water 80 ms. long, and from 8 to 30 ms. wide. It is separated from the ocean by long sandy islands, scarcely 1 m. wide, covered with bushes, the outer point of one of which is Cape Hat- teras. The principal entrance to it is Ocracoke inlet. It is connected with Albemarle sound in its N. part. The land around it is low, and in some places marshy. It receives Tar and iN'euse rivers. Pa.muxivV, r., Va., is formed by the union of North and South Anna rivers, between Hanover and Caroline counties, and unites with Mattapony r. between New Kent and King William cos., to form York r. Pampack Eddy, p-o., Wayne co.. Pa. Panama, p-o., Ilarmony t., Chautauque co., N. Y., 345 w. by s. Albany, 324 W. Panama, p-o., Carroll co., 111., 199 n. Spring- field, 862 W. Panhandle, p-o., Stewart co., Ga., 149 s. w. Milledgeville, 785 W. Panola, county. Miss. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 760 sq. ms. Drain- ed by Tallahatcliee and Cold Water rivers. Capital, Panola. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 7,353, sheep 1,189, swine 15,092; wheat 2,041 bush, produced, Ind. corn 231,250, oats 6,125, potatoes 3,600, tobacco 4,000 pounds, cotton 463,272 ; 13 stores, cap. $54,050 ; 1 tannery, 5 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,400. 4 sch. 92 scholars. Pop. whites 2,237, slaves 2,415, free col'd 5; total, 4.657. Pa.nola, p-v., capital of Panola co., 31iss., 161 N. Jackson, 939 W. Situated on the s. side of Tallahatchce r. It contains a court house, and about 100 inhabitants. Pantego, p-o., Beaufort co., N. C, 156 e. by s. Raleigh, 342 W. Panther Creek, p-o., Surry co., N. C, 125 w. N. w. Raleigh, 336 W. Panther Creek, Morgan co.,Ill., 40 w. s. w. Springfield, 820 W. Panther Gap, p-o., Rockbridge co., Va., 170 w. Richmond, 212 W. Panther Springs, p-o., Jefferson co., Tenn., 220 E. Nashville, 464 W. Pantherville, p-o., De Kalb co., Ga., 87 n. w. Milledgeville, 6-i2 W. Panton, p-t., Addi.son co., Vt., 71 w. s. w. Montpelier, 494 W. The surface is level. Wa- tered by a small branch of Utter Creek r. Lake Champlain b(junds it on the w. Chartered in 1764, but not settled until after the revoiuliouary PAR 511 PAR Viar. It has 1 acad. 9 students, 4 sch. 110 schol- Brs. Pop. 670. Paoli, p-v., Fredypin t., Chester co., Pa., 78 E. s. E. Harrisbur^, i'iS W. Situated 16 ms. w. by N. from Philadelphia, on tiie railroad to Lan- caster. Two ms. s. w. of this place i.s the battle ground where Gen. Wayne was defeated by a superior British force under Gen. Grey, Sept. 20lli, 1777, when many Americans were shot down after they had surrendered. A suitable monument has been erected on the spot to their memory, and the adjoining field is appropriated to a military parade ground. P,\oi.i, p-v., capital of Orange co., la., 94 s. by ■w. Indianapolis, 625 W. Situated on Lick or., and contains a court house, jail, a brick seminary, 6 stores, various mechanic shops, 1 oil m., 1 cot- ton fac, 2 flouring m., 1 of them moved by horse power, 1 fulling m., and about 451) inhabitants. Paper Mill Village, p-v., Cheshire co., N. H., 57 s. w. Concord, 454 W. Papertowx, p-v., Cumberland co.. Pa. Paperville, p-v., Sullivan co., Tenn., 309 e. Nashville, 384 W. Situated on a branch of Holston r. Paraclifta, p-v., capital of Sevier co.. Ark., 142 s. w. by w. Little Rock, 1,207 W. Situated on N. side of Little r., a branch of Red r. It con- tains a court house and a few dwellings. Paradise, p-v., Strasburg t., Lancaster co.. Pa., 52 w. Philadelphia, 46 e. s. e. Harrisburg, 119 W. It contains 1 store, and 12 or 15 dwellings. Paradise, t., York co.. Pa. It has 5 stores, cap. $14,000 ; 2 fulling ra., 1 woollen fac, 9 dis- tilleries, 6 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,200. 3 sch. 90 scholars. Pop. 2,117. Par.vdise, p-v., Cole co.. 111., 81 e. Springfield, 703 W. Situated near the head of Little Wa- bash r. Paradox Lake, N. Y., lies in Schroon t, Essex CO., 4 miles long, and from half a mile to 1 m. wide. There are many small lakes in the vicinity. Paradox, p-o., Schroon t., Essex co., N. Y., 105 N. Albany, 480 W. Pakkha.m's Store, p-o., Sussex co., Va., 45 s. s. e. Richmond. Paris, p-t., capital of Oxford co.. Me., 39 w. by s. Augusta, 593 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, fertile, adapted to grain. Watered by Lit- tle Androscoggin r., which affords water power. It contains a pleasant v., which has a court house, jail, and considerable trade. Incorporated in 1793. It has 10 stores, cap. $10,753 ; 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 1 paper fac, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $i7,295. 17 sch. 1,060 scholars. Pop. 2,454. Paris, p-t., Oneida co., N. Y., 8 s. Utica, 96 w. N. w. Albany, 378 W. The surface is elevated and undulating ; soil, sandy and calcareous loam, generally well cultivated. Drained by Sada- quada cr., which affords good water power. The v., called Paris Hill, is situated on elevated ground, and contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyte- rian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist — 2 stores, and 150 inhabitants. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. $16,900 ; 2 fulling m., 3 cotton fac 4,152 sp., 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 2 paper fac, 5 grist m., ]2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $152,400. 1 acad. 47 students, 15 sch. 864 scholars. Pop. 2,844. Paris, p-o., Wasliington co.. Pa., 232 w. Har- risburg, 257 W. Paris, p-v., Fauquier co., Va., 129 n. by w. Richmond, 59 W. It contains 1 church, free to all denominations, 3 stores, and about 25 dwell- ings. Paris, p-v., capital of Henry co., Tenn., 93 w Nashville, 784 W. Situated on the s. side of a branch of Little Sandy r., which flows into Ten- nessee r. It contains a court house, several stores, and about 250 inhabitants. Paris, p-v., capital of Bourbon co., Ky., 36 e. Frankfort, 507 W. Situated on the s. fork of Licking r. It contains a court house, jail, 2 churches, 10 stores, 3 acad. 110 students, 2 sch. 28 scholars, and 1,197 inhabitants. Paris, p-v., Stark t. and co., O., 135 n. e. Co- lumbus, 302 W. It has 2 churches, 4 stores, 15 or 20 mechanic shops, 1 air furnace, 1 tannery, 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Paris, t.. Stark co., O. The surface is rolling and hilly ; soil, fertile. Drained by Sandy cr., which affords water power. It has 977 scholars in schools. Pop. 2,474. Paris, t., Portage co., O. Situated in the e. part of the co. It has 5 sch. 165 scholars. Pop. 936. Paris, t.. Union co., O. It contains the v. of Marysville, the county seat. It has 5 sch. 148 scholars. Pop. 789. Paris, p-v., Jennings co., la., 77 s. S. E. In- dianapolis, 578 W. Situated near the s. fork of Muscalatack cr., and contains 3 stores, various mechanic shops, and about 150 inhabitants. Paris, p-v., capital of Edgar co.. 111., 114 e. Springfield, 665 W. Situated on the borders of a rich prairie, and contains a brick court house, 9 stores, 60 dwellings, and about 350 inhabitants Paris, p-v., capital of Monroe co., Mo., 71 u. Jefl'erson City. Situated on s. side of Middle fork of Salt r. It contains a court house, 3 churches, 6 stores, and about 400 inhabitants. Parisburg, p-v., capital of Giles co., Va. Sit- uated on the s. side of New r., a principal branch of Great Kanawha r. (See Giles C. H.) Paris Furnace, p-o., Paris t., Oneida co., N. Y., 88 w. N. w. Albany, 377 W. Parisville, p-o., Paris t.. Portage co., O., 150 N. e. Columbus, 313 W. Parish, p-t., Oswego co., N. Y., 22 e. Oswego, 147 w. N. w. Albany, 376 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, a fertile sandy loam. Drained by Salmon cr. and its tributaries. The v. con- tains 1 church, 1 store, 1 grist m., 25 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. There are in the t. 2 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,700. 16 sch. 404 scholars. Pop. 1,513. Parish Grove, p-o., Warren co., la., 103 n. w. Indianapolis, 664 W. Parishville, p-t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 15 E. Canton, 221 n. w. by n. Albany, 505 W. The surface is hilly s., rolling on the n. ; soil, a warm sandy loam. Watered by St. Regis, Racket, Grass, and Oswegatchie rivers. The t. is 40 ms. long. The v. is situated on St. Regis r., which affords water power, and contains 1 Congrega- tional and 1 Baptist church, 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 2 clothiers' works, 1 pocket furnace, 1 tannery, 49 dwellings, and about 3l)0 inhabitants. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $13,600; 1 fur- nace, 1 forge, 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,900 ; 15 sch. 800 scholars. Pop. 2,250. Parkersburg, p-v., capital of Wood co., Va., 335 N. w. by w. Richmond, 303 W. Situated on the N. side of Little Kanawha r., at its junction with Ohio r., opposite to Belpre in Ohio. It con- tains a court house and 10 stores. Parke, county, la. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 450 sq. ms. Surface level ; soil, fertile. Wabash r. bounds it on the w. Drained by Big and Little Racoon and Sugar PAR 512 PAS ny r., and contains 1 Pre&bytcrian and 1 Method- ist church, an academy, 2 stores, 2 grist m., and about 20 dwellings. Pausonsfield, pt., York co., Me., 8G w. s. w. Aii^nsta, b'.i>i W. The surface is liilly and rougli ; soil, geiierallj- productive. In its E. part is a largo pond, the outlet of which flows into Ossipee r., by wliich it is watered. It has 7 stores, cap. $14,000 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $1,000 ; 1 fulling m., 4 tanneries, 4 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $4,871. 1 acad. 225 students, •20 isch. 473 scholar.?. Pop. 2,442. Parso.v'.s Cheek, t., Linn., co., Mo. Pop. 501. Parson's Mills, p-o., Guilford co., N. C. Partlows, p-o., Spoltsylvania co., Va., 92 n. Riclmiond, 83 W. Partnership, p-o., Charles co., Md. Partridge Island, p-o., Hancock t., Dela- ware CO., N. Y., 116 s. w. Albany, 298 W. Partridge Point, p-o., Tazewell co,, LI., 81 N. Springfield, 795 VV. Pascagoula, r.. Miss., is formed by the union of Chickasawhay and Leaf rivers, and after a course of 200 ins. s., falls into Pascagoula sound of the Gulf of 3Iexico. It is navigable for 50 ms. for vessels drawing 6 feet water, and 150 n»s. for boats. Pascagoula, sound. Miss, and Ala. Situated ofT the mouth of Pascagoula r., in the Gulf of Mexico, from which it is separated by low, nar- row islands. It is about 55 ms. long, with an average breadth of 8 ms. Pascagoula, v., Jackson co., Miss. Situated on the E. side of Pascagoula r., at its entrance into Pascagoula bay. Paskack, p-v., VV^ashington t., Passaic co., N J., 8S N. N. E. Trenton, 254 W. Situated on the w. side of Hackensack r. Pasquotank, r., N. C, rises in the Dismal Swamp, and runs s. e. into Albemarle sound. It is connected with Elizabeth r. by a canal, which forms a communication between Hampton roads and Albemarle sound. This canal is 23 miles long, 6i feet deep, 4S feet wide, and at intervals of a quarter of a m., 60 feet wide, for turn-out stations. It has a navigable feeder of 5 ms. from Lake Drummond, and is an important channel of communication between IVorfolk and the South. Pasquotank, county, N. C. Situated in the N. E. part of the stale, and contains 300 sq. ms. The surface is level, and in some parts marshy. The soil which is capable of cultivation, is gen- erally fertile. Pasquotank r. runs on its n. e. border. Capital, Elizabeth. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,719, sheep 3,415, swine 15,605; wheat 19,130 bush, produced, Ind. corn 473,970, oats 45,101, potatoes 21,065; 26 stores, capital $194,850; 1 tannery, 10 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $41,800. 2 acad. 78 students, 5 sch. 108 scholars. Pop. whites 4,650, slaves 2,943, free col'd 1,076; total, 8,514. PassaduiMKEag, p-t., Penobscot co.. Me., 100 N. e. Augusta, 695 W. Situated on the e. side of Penobscot r. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Drained by Passadumkeag r. and Cold- stream, its tributary, both flowing from ponds, and after their junction, passing into the Penob- scot. The V. is situated at the junction of the Passadumkeag r. with the Penobscot. There are in the t, 6 sch. 169 scholars. Pop. 394. Passaic, r., N. J., rises in Mendham, 3Iorris CO., and though (lowing through a mountainous country, is generally a winding and sluggish stream, though it 1ms some falls which atlbrd good mill seats, particularly the great falls at Pater-son, where it has a perpendicular descent of 50 feet, creeks. Capital, Rockville. Tliere were in 1840, neat cattle 14,25.5, sheep 18,858, swine 43,126; wheat 107, 18S bush, produced, rye 4,0-25, Indian corn 942,850, oats 137,140, potatoes 23,067, tobac- co 15,150 pounds, sugar 125,576; 29 stores, cap. $120,500; 1 furnace, 2 fulUng m., 11 tanneries, 21 distilleries, 1 pottery, 9 flouring m., 20 grist m., 44 saw m., 4 oil ni., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $14S,8HO. 2 acad. 150 students, 51 sch. 1,841 scliolars. Pop. 1.3,499. Parkersbiirg, p-v., Montgomery Co., la., 44 W. N. w. Indianapolis, 615 W. Parkersiiurg, p v., Richland co.. 111., 140 s. e. Springfield, 740 VV. Parker's Store, p-o., Franklin co., Ga. Parkersville, po., Chester co.. Pa., 79 e. s. E. Ilarrisburg. Parkersmurg, p-v., Chester Co., Pa., 57 e. s. E. Ilarrisburg, 117 W. Park, t., St. Joseph's co., I\Iich. It has 1 flour- ing m., 2 saw m., 5 sch. 85 scliolars. Pop. 331. Park Head, p-o., Washington co., Md. Park Hill, p-v., and missionary station, Che- rokee Nation, Indian ter. Situated a little n. of Arkansas r. Parkiso.n, p-o., Beaver co.. Pa. Parkman, p-t., Piscataquis co.. Me., 71 n. by E. Augusta, 666 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Drained by a head branch of Piscata- quis r. Incorporated in 1822. It has 3 stores, cap. $1,500 ; 1 grist m., 3 saw m., 12 sch. 546 scholars. Pop. 1,205. Parkman, p-t., Geauga co., O., 162 n. e. Co- lumbus, 321 W. Situated on head waters of Grand r. Drained by a branch of Cuyahoga r., which affords good water power. It has 4 saw* ra., 1 acad. 18 students, 3 sch. 128 scholars. Pop. 1,181. Park's, p-o., Edgefield dist., S. C, 108 w. Co- lumbia, 570 W. Park's, po., Scott co., Iowa. Park's Bridge, p-o., Morgan co., Ga., 36 n. Milledgeville, 612 W. Parksville, p-v., Sullivan co., N. Y., 116 s. w. Albany, 308 W. Parkville, p-v., Platte co., Mo. Parma, p-t., Monroe co., N. Y., 10 n. w. Ro- chester, 231 w. by N. Albany, 380 W. The sur- face is generally level ; soil, sandy and gravelly loam. Drained by Salmon and Little Salmon creeks, flowing into Lake Ontario, which bounds it on the n. The v. is situated on the Ridge road, and contains 2 churches, 3 stores, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. There arc in the t. 3 stores, cap. .$11,200; 2 fulling in., 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,300. 17 sch. 914 scholars. Pop. 2,652. Parma, p-t., ("uyahoga co., O., 6 s. Cleveland, 137 N. E. Colninbus, 367 W. The surface is chiefly level ; soil, a fertile loam, well adapted to grass. Drained by a branch of Cuyahoga r. It has 1 grist m., 12 saw m., 7 sch. 334 scholars. Pod. 963. Parma, t., Jackson co., Mich. It has 1 store, cap. $2,500 ; 1 sch. 55 scholars. Pop. 525. Parma Centre, p-o., Parma t., 3Ionroe co., N. Y., 234 w. by n. Albany, 383 W. Parnassus, po., Augusta co., Va., 133 vr. n. W. Richmond, 152 W. Parnassus, p-o., Marlborough dist., S. C, 116 N. e. Columbia. Parrottsvii.le, p-v., Cocke co., Tenn., 237 E. Nashville, 460 VV. Parrysville, p-v., Northampton co.. Pa., 99 K. N. E. Harrisburg, 199 \V. Parsippany, p-v., Hanover t., Morris co., N. J., 60 N. Trenton, 231 W. Situated on Parsippa- PAT 513 PAT ftnd a total fall of 70 feet, and is about 60 feet wide, affording an immense water power It finally enters Newark bay. It is navigable for sloops to Acquackanonck, 12 ms. It has marshes on its borders near its mouth. Its whole length is about 70 ms. Passaic, county, N. .1. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains ISOsq. ms. Drain- ed by Passaic r. and its tributaries. The surface IS uneven ; soil, generally fertile. Capital, Pat- erson. There were in 1840, neat cattle, 5,532 sheep 5,075, swine 4,565 ; wheat 5,190 bush, pro- duced, rye 3(5,721, Ind. corn 70,874, buckwheat 24,012, oats 45,945, potatoes 78,836: 126 stores, cap. $226,300 ; 4 lumber yards, cap. $25,000 ; 1 furnace, 18 forges, 4 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 20 cotton fac. 46,056 sp., 2 dyeing and printing es- tablishments, 7tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 brewery, 13 grist m., 21 saw m., 4 paper fac, 2 printing of- fices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $1,931,970. 3 acad. 123 students, 41 sch. 1,987 scholars. Pop. 16,731. Passamaquoddy, bay, Me., lies partly in the slate of Maine, and partly in the British province of New Brunswick. Its entrance is about 6 ms. wide from N. to s., and its length is about 12 ms. Campobello island divides the entrance into 2 pas- sages. It also contains Deer island. The bay is well sheltered, has everywhere a sufficient depth of water for the largest vessels, and is never closed by ice. Its waters abouud with mackerel, cod, herring, and other fish. The tide varies from 25 to 33 feet. The boundary of the United .States passes on the w. side of Campobello island, into the St. Croix r., which enters the n. w. part of this bay. Pass Christian, p-v., Harrison cc. Miss. Sit- uated on the E. side of the entrance into the Bay of St. Louis, of the Gulf of Mexico. Pasompsic, r., Vt, rises from a pond on the e. line of Wetmore t., and pursues a s. cour.se until it falls into Connecticut r., a mile below the fool of Fifteen Mile falls. It has several ialls, partic- ularly in the s. part of Lyndon, where it de- scends 65 feet in the distance of 30 rods, pro- ducing a great water power. Its length is about 34 ms. Pasumpsic, p-v., Caledonia co., Vt., 41 e. Montpelier, 542 W. Passyunk, t., Philadelphia co.. Pa. The sur- face is level ; soil, alluvion and loam. It includes the w. part of the tongue of land between the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers, below the city of Philadelphia. League island, in the Delaware r., belongs to it. It is covered with gardens and meadows. The bank of the Schuylkill, which bounds it on the w., is high and steep, and along it is a pleasant drive. It has a cap. in manufac. of $36,225. Pop. 1,594. Patapsco, r., Md., rises in Baltimore co., and enters Chesapeake bay, by a broad estuary, be- tween North point and Bodkin's point. It is nav- igable to Fell's point, in Baltimore, 14 ms., for vessels drawing 18 feet of water. In its course, it affords extensive water power. Patch Grove, p-o.. Grant co.. Wis., 110 w. Madison, 942 W. Patchin's Mills, p-o., Conhocton t., Steuben CO., N. Y., 238 w. by s. Albany, 323 W. Patchogue, p-v., Brookhaven t., Suffolk co., N. Y., 60 E. New York, 204 s. s. e. Albany, 284 W. It is situated on the s. side of Long Island, and contains 1 Congregational and 1 Methodist church, 5 stores, 1 grist m., 1 paper m., 2 cotton fac, 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 80 dwellings, and about 500 inhabitants. It is near Great South bay, and is much resorted to for fishing and fowl- 63 ing. A small settlement, called Blue Point, ex- tends s. to the bay. Paterson, p-v., capital of Passaic co., N. J., is situated on the Passaic r., near the great falls, and 4 ms. from tidewater, 13 N. Newark, 75 n. e. by n, Trenton, 17 n. New York, 214 W. It was estab- lished by a society, incorporated in 1791, with a capital of $1,000,000, for the establishment of manufactures, projected by Alexander Hamilton. The plans of the company were broad, and after heavy expenditures, through tlie many obstacles with which manufactures had then to struggle, the objects of the company in a great measure failed, and were abandoned. But their succes- sors toolv up the work, and have carried it forward to distinguished success. By a dam in the r., 4j feet high, and a canal round the falls, a vast wa- ter power is afforded, and a great manufacturing village has grown up. It has a court house and jail, and many spacious manufactories, built chiefly of stone. There are 9 churches — 1 Pres- byterian, 2 Dutch Reformed, 1 Methodist, 1 Re- formed Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 1 True Reformed Dutch, and 1 Roman Catholic. There is a philosophical society of young men. who have a respectable library, and a mechanics society for the advancement of science and the mechanic arts, with a library and philosophical apparatus. The Morris canal, which passes near the village, and a railroad to .lersey City, give it an easy access to the city of New York. The falls of the Passaic, at this place, by their pictur- esque beauties, attract many visiters. The river has a perpendicular i'all of 72 feet, and when the water is high, the fall is not only beautiful but grand. There were in 1840, 104 stores, cap. $192,950; machinery manufactured, value $607,000 ; 4 full- ing m., 1 woollen fac, cap. $20,000 ,• 19 cotton iac. 45,056 sp., with 2 dyeing and printing estab- lishments, cap. $926,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 paper fac, cap. $32,000 ; 1 saw m., 2 printing oflices, 2 bind- eries, 2 weelvly nevv'spapers. Cap. in manufac. $1,792,500. 1 acad. 80 students, 16 sch. 1,006 scholars. Pop. 7,596. Patoka, r., la., rises in Orange co., and pursues a westerly course until it enters Wabash r., one or two miles below the mouth of While r., oppo- site to JMount Carmel, 111. Patoka, p-t., Gib.son co., la., 138 e. w. Indian- apolis, 708 W. It has 7 sch. 217 scholars. Pop. 2,343. Patrick, county, Va. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 541 sq. ms. Drained by branches of Smith's, S. Mayo, and Little Dan rivers. The Blue Ridge runs on its n. w. bound- ary. Capital, Taylorsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,938, sheep 6,047, swine 24,292 ; wheat 23,469 bush, produced, rye 3,180, Indian corn 222,96 1, buckwheat 359, oats 68,940, pota- toes 13,114, tobacco 618,384 pounds; 7 stores," cap. $20,800 ; 5 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 31 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,000. 5 sch. 120 scholars. Pop. whites 6,087, slaves 1,842, free col'd 103 ; total, 8,032. Patrick, C. 11., p-v., capital of Patrick co., Va., 226 w. s. w. Richmond, 301 W. (See Tay- lorsville, Patrick CO., Va.) Patricktown, p-t., Lincoln co.. Me., 15 e. Augusta, 611 W. Drained by head branches of Sheepscot and Damariscotta rivers. It contains a large pond in its w. part, which flows to the Sheepscot r. The soil is fertile. It has 4 saw m., 3 sch. 143 scholars. Pop. 506. Patriot, p-v., Switzerland co., la., 105 s. E, Indianapolis, 536 W. Situated on Ohio r. Patriot, p-v., Perry t., Gallia co., O., 97 s. & PAU 514 PAW E. Columbus, 331 W. It was formerly called Greenville, and contains several stores, and 40 or 50 dwellings. Patten, t., Centre co., Pa. It has 3 sch. 90 scholars. Pop. 473. Patten's Mills, p-o.. Fort Ann t., Washing- ton CO., N. Y., 5'J N. Albany, 431 W. Pattf.uson, p-t., Putnam co., ?J. Y., 92 s. Al- bany, 293 W. The surlaoe is hilly ; soil, fertile in the valleys. Drained by Croton r. 'I'lie v. is situated on Croton r., and contains 1 Presbyte- rian and 1 Episcopal church, an academy, 2 stores, 1 grist ra., 25 dwellings, and about 150 in- habitants. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. §21,500; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manuiac. $10,100. 10 sch. 331 scholars. Pop. 1,34'J. Patterson, p-o., Thompson t., Delaware co., O., 40 N. Columbus, 424 W. Patterson, p-v., St. Genevieve co., Mo., 176 E. s. E. Jefferson City, 864 W. Patterson's Mills, p-o., Washington co., Pa., 223 w. llarrisburg, 252 W. Patterson's Store, p-o., Orange co., N. C, 59 N. vv. Raleigh, 310 W. Pattonsburg, p-v., Bottetourt CO., Va., 166 w. Richinoiid, 213 W. Situated on the n. side of James r., opposite to Buchanan, with which it is connec'ted by a bridge. The 2 places, which are in fact one v., contain 1 church, free to all de- nominations, 8 stores, 2 tobacco fac, 1 cordage fac, 1 iron foundry, 1 gi-ist m., 1 saw m., 50 dwellings, and about 360 inhabitants. Pattonsville, p-v., Granville co., N. C, 40 N. Raleigh, 266 W. Patuxent, r., 3Id., rises in the n. part of Montgomery and Anne Arundel counties, and flowing s. E. 40 miles, it turns to the s. and flows 50 ms., nearly parallel with Chesapeake bay, un- til it enters a large estuary on the w. side of that bay. It is navigable for vessels of 250 tons, 50 ms. to Nottingham. Patuxent Forge, p-o., Anne Arundel co., Md.,25 N. w. Annapolis, 28 W. Paulding, county, Ga. Situated toward the N. w. part of the state, and contains 6i)0 sq. ms. Drained by head branches of Tallapoosa r., and by tributaries of Etowah r. Capital, Van Wert. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,804, sheep 993, swhie 10,937; wheat 11,863 bush, produced, Ind. corn 120,170, oats 6,012, potatoes 1,536, to- bacco 1,630 pounds, cotton 118,723; 3 stores, cap. $6,700 ; 2 distilleries, 3 breweries, 2 grist., 2 saw m. Cap. ia manufac. $6,440. 3 sch. 68 scholars. Pop. whites 2,102, slaves 451; total, 2,556. Paulding, county, O. Situated in the n. vv. part of the state, and contains 432 sq. ms. The surface is level; soil, very fertile, adapted to grain. Drained by Mauinee and Auglaize rs. Capital, Charloe. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 201, sheep 85, swine 736 ; wheat 3,852 bush, produced. lad. corn 8,120, oats 2,749, potatoes 2,518, sugar 3,316 pounds ; 2 stores, cap. §2,700; 1 sch. 23 scholars. Pop. 1,031. Paulding, p-v., capital of Jasper co., Miss., 109 E. s. E. Jackson, 987 W. Situated on the head waters ot Leaf r. It contains a court house and a few dwellings. Paulinskill, r., N. J., rises in Sussex co., and flowing s. w., on the border of Warren co., en- ters Delaware r. in the s. w. corner of Warren county. P\ULiNA, v., Hancock t., Delaware co., N. Y'. Situated on a small cr., '? ms. n. of Delaware r. It contains 1 store, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 stave inacluiif, and 15 or 20 dwellings. Pavilion, p-t., Genesee co., N. Y., 243 w. Al- bany, 361 W. The surface is rolling; soil, clay loam, adapted well to wheat. Drained by Al- len's cr. The v. is situated on Allen's cr., and contains 1 Baptist and 1 Universalist church, 2 stores, 1 clothier's works, 30 dwellings, and about I 200 inhabitants. Pavilion, p-t., Kalamazoo co., Mich., 133 w. I Detroit, 6(X) W. The soil is fertile, adapted to I grain. ^Vatered by the Sandy lakes, and by brandies of St. Joseph's r. It has 2 saw m., 3 1 sch. 107 scholars. Pop. 283. Pawcatuck, r., R. J., formed by the junction of Wood and ('harles rivers in Washington co., and in its lower part forms the dividing line be- tween R. I. and Ct., and enters the Atlantic. Its constituents. Wood and Charles rivers, afford ex- tensive water power. Paw LET, r., Vt., rises in the n. part of Ben- nington CO., passes through the t. which gives it its name and flows into i\. Y., and enters Wood cr., a little before its entrance into Lake Cham- plain. It aflfords good water power. Pawlet, p-t., "Rutland co., Vt., 87 s. s. w. Montpelier, 431 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, vvarin and fertile, and easily cultivated. Watered by Pawlet r. and Indian stream, which flows from a spring with sufficient water to turn a mill. It contains a Congregational and a Bap- tist church, and an academy. It has 7 stores, cap. §15,323; 5 fulling m., 4 woollen fac, 1 cot- ton fac. 1,076 sp., 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 1 grist ra., 3 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $69,480. 10 sch. 495 scholars. Pop. 1,748. Paw LINGS, p-t., Dutchess co., N. Y., 20 e. Poughkeepsie, 89 s. Albany, 298 W. It is some- what hilly, with an extensive valley from n. to s. The soil is moderately fertile. Croton r. has it source in several small lakes and swamps in this t. The v. contains a few dwellings. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $11,000; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,700. 3 sch. 98 scholars. Pop. 1,571. Pawlingsville, p-o., Pawlings t, Dutchess CO., N. Y., 86 s. Albany, 301 W. Paw Paw, p-v., capital of Van Buren co.. Mich., 159 w. Detroit, 623 W. Situated on the head branch of Pawpaw r. It contains a court house, a cliurch, 3 stores, 1 flouring m., and 1 saw m. It is pleasantly situated, and is flourish- ing. Paw Paw, p-o., 3Iiami co., Ia. Paw Paw (Irove, p-o., Ogle co.. III., 165 s. Springfield, 792 W. Pawtucket, r., R. I., rises in Worcester co., Mass., with the name of Blackstone r. It enters R. I. ia the n. e. part of the state, and has falls of 50 feet, 4 ms. from its mouth, which aflTord very extensive water power. It enters Providence r. just below Providence. The Blackstone canal, from Providence, R. I., to Worcester, Mass., passes along this r. Pawtucket, p-v.. North Providence t., R. I., 4 N. Providence, 404 W. It is situated on both sides of Pawtucket r., and is partly in Providence, R. I., and partly in Pawtucket t., Mass. It is a large and flourishing manufacturing v. It con- tains 7 churches — 2 Baptist, 1 Episcopal, 1 Meth- odist, 1 Roman Catholic on the R. I. sidu, 1 Con- gregational, and 1 Freewill Baptist on the Mass. side— 3 banks, 2 in R. I. ; 12 cotton fac. 35,000 sp., and over 1,000 looms, and about 6,000 inliab- itants. The r. is navigable to this place. Pawtucket, t., Bristol co., Mass., 36 s. Bos- ton, i N. Providence. Situated on the E. side of Pawtucket r. Organized in 1328. It contains a part of the v. of Pawtucket, which see. It has PEA 515 PEIC 11 stores, cap. .$29,800; 1 lumber yard, cap. $15,000 ; 9 cotton foe. 16,3S2 sp., 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in matmfac. .$3^8,450. 1 arad. 60 stu- dents, 5 sch. 260 scliolars. Pop. $2,184. Pawtucket Falls, Mass., in Merriinac river. (See Lowell, Mass.) Pawtuxet, r., R. I., rises by 2 principal branch- es, Flat r. and S. W. branch, and flowing e., re- ceives the N. W. branch from Providence co., and enters Providence r. 5 ms. below Providence, forming, for some distance, the boundary between Providence and Kent countie.s. It affords great water power, and has on it many mills and man- ufactories, particularly of cotton. Pawtuxet, p-v., and port of entry, Warwick t., Kent CO., R. I., 5 s. Providence, 405 W. Sit- uated on both sides of Pawtuxet r., and lies partly in Cranston t. The great water power here has been abundantly improved, and its cotton and other manulactories are extensive. It contains 2 churches — 1 Baptist and 1 Congregational — a bank, an academy, 3 cotton and 2 woollen fac, several grist m., 159 dwellings, and about 1,200 inhabitants. It has a safe and convenient har- bor. The parts of the v. are connected by a bridge across the r. Paxinos, po., Northumberland co., Pa. Paxton, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 50 w. Bos- ton, 405 W. The surface is elevated and uneven ; soil, fertile, and well cultivated. Organized in 1765, from Rutland and Leicester. It occupies the height of land between Connecticut and 3Ierri- mac rivers. The v., at the centre, contains a Congregational church and a few dwellings. It has 1 store, cap. $500 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,800. 7 sch. 2S6 scholars. Pop. 670. Paxton, t., Ross co., O. Pop. 1,226. Payneville, p-v., Sumter co., Ala., 78 s. w. Tuscaloosa, 896 W. Situated on the n. side of Sucarnochie cr., 30 miles above its entrance into the Tombigbee r. Paynesville, p-o., Lysandert., Onondaga co., N. Y., 151 w. by n. Albany, 368 W. Paynesville, p-v.. Pike co., Mo., 92 n. e. Jef- ferson City, 880 W. Payson, p-v., Adams co., 111., 92 w. Spring- field, 872 W. Pea, r., Ala., is one of the principal constituent branches of Choctawhatchie r., which it enters near the s. border of the state. Pea River, p-o., Walton co., Flor. Pea River, po., Barbour co., Ala., 181 s. e. Tuscaloosa, 861 W. Peace Dale, p-v., Washington co., R. I. Peacham, p-t., Caledonia co., Vt., 36 e. by N. Montpelier, 538 W. The surface is gently un- even ; soil, generally fertile, and well cultivated. Onion River pond, covering 300 acres, in the w. part of the t., gives rise to one of the head branch- es of Onion r. Two streams, which flow into Stevens' branch, afford water power. A bog meadow in the e. part contains an inexhaustible quantity of shell marl. Limestone is also found. The V. contains a Congregational church and a flourishing academy. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $13,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 tan- neries, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,750. 1 acad. 125 students, 12 sch. 548 schol- ars. Pop. 1,443. Peach Bottom, p-t., York co.. Pa., 26 s. e. York, 62 s. e. Harrisburg, 81 W. The surface is level ; soil, gravel and slate. Drained by Fish- ing cr. and Neel's Hole run, branches of Muddy cr., which forms its n. boundary. The p-v. is on Susquehanna r. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. $11,500 J 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 5 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $10,850. 3 sch. 27 scholars. Pop. 1,074. Peach Tree, p-o., Cherokee co., N. C. Pealer's, p-o., Columbia co., Pa., 93 n. n. E Harrisburg, 204 W. Pea Patch, p-o., Somerset co., N. J., 45 N Trenton, 220 W. Pea Patch, island. Situated in Delaware r., and contains Fort Delaware, erected during the late war, now nearly in ruins. Pearlington, pv., Hancock co.. Miss., 191 s. by E. Jackson, 1,141 W. Situated on the e. side of Pearl r. Pearl, r., Miss, and La., rises, by several branches, near the centre of Mississippi, and run- ning s. it joins, by several mouths, the Rigolets, which forms a conimuiiicaticm between lakes Pontchartrain and Borgne. From lat. 31° N., it forms the dividing line between Ala. and La. The navigation is obstructed by sand-bars, shal- lows, and rafts of timber. Some efforts have been made to improve it. It is navigable for small craft to Jackson, the capital of the state. Pease, t,, Belmont co., O. The surface is hilly ; soil, very fertile, adapted to grain. Wa- tered by Indian Wheeling creek, which affords water power. The national road passes through it. It has 8 sch. 248 scholars. Pop. 2,471. Pecan Grove, p-o., Carroll par.. La. Pecan Point, p-o., Mississippi co.. Ark. Peckville, p-o., Fishkill t., Dutchess co., N. Y., 106 s. Albany, 269 W. Pedensville, p-v., Chester dist., S. C. Pedee, Great, r., N. C. and S. C, rises chiefly in Wilkes co., N. C, where it bears, for a great distance, the name of Yadkin r. After it enters S. C, it is called the Great Pedee r., and it flows in a southerly direction until uniting with Wac- camaw r., it enters and forms Winyaw bay, a little below Georgetown, and communicates with the Atlantic 12 ms. below Georgetown. It is navi- gable for boats of 60 or 70 tons for 200 ms. Lit- tle Pedee r., S. C, rises in N. C, and enters Great Pedee r. 32 ms. above its mouth. Pedee, p o., Anson co., N. C, 135 s. w. Ra- leigh, 409 W. Pedlar's Hill, p-o., Chatham co., N. C, 44 w. Raleigh. Pedricktown, p-v.. Upper Penn's Creek t., Salem co., N. J., 55 s. Trenton, 166 W. Situated on Oldman's cr., and contains 1 Friends church, 2 stores, and about 30 dwellings. Peekskill, p-v., Cortland t., Westchester co., N. Y., 46 n. New York, 106 s. Albany, 269 W. Situated on the e. side of Hudson r. It contains 8 churches — 2 Dutch Reformed, 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist, 1 Presbyterian, and 2 Friends — 1 bank, an academy, 30 stores, 6 iron foundries, 2 tanner- ies, 250 dwellings, and about 2,000 inhabitants. 1 steamboat and 6 sloops ply between this place and New York for transportation, besides one steamboat daily for passengers. Other boats on the Hudson stop at the landing to receive and discharge passengers. Peeled Oak, po., Bath co., Ky., 71 e. Frank- fort, 5-25 W. Peel Tree, p-o., Harrison co., Va. Pee Pee, t.. Pike co., O. It has 5 stores, cap. $12,840 ; 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,500. 4 sch. 73 scholars. Pop. 919. Pekatonica, r.. Wis. and 111., rises in Iowa CO., Wis., and flows s. and e. into Rock r., in 111., 6 ms. below its n. boundary. It receives Sugar cr., a considerable branch, from the n. It is nav- igable for flat-boats to Mineral Pouit, Wis. Pekatonica, p-v., Winnebago co.. III., 220 n. PEM 516 PEN Springfield, 820 W. Situated at the junction of Pekatonica and Rock rivers. Pekin, p-c, Lewiston t., Niagara co., N. Y., 289 w. by n. Albany. Pekin, p-o.. Brown t., Carroll co., O., 138 .s. w. Columbus, 304 W. Peki.\, p-o., Jackson co., Tenn., 67 e. by n. Nashville, 627 W. Pekin, p-o., Washington co., la. Pekin, p-v., Tazewell co.. 111., 62 n. Spring- field, 779 W. Situated on the E. side of Illinois r., 12 miles below Peoria. It contains an acade- my, 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Methodist, and 1 Unitarian — 15 stores, 3 forwarding and commission houses, 1 steam flouring m., 1 steam saw m., 2 distilleries, a printing office, issuing a weekly newspaper, and about 900 inhabitants. Peliia.m, p-t., Hampshire co., Mass., 81 w. Bo.s- ton, 391 W. The surface is elevated and uneven ; Boil, productive. Watered by Swift and Fort rivers, which afford water power. Incorporated in 1742. Originally settled from the N. of Ire- land. It contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Congre- gational church. It has 1 store, cap. §1,000 ; 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,550. 7 sch. 351 scholars. Pop. 956. Pelham, t., Hillsborough co., N. H., 37 s. by E. Concord, 32 s. w. Porlsmouth. The soil, par- ticularly on the streams, is fertile. Watered by Beaver r. Chartered in 1742. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,700; 1 fulling m., 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,880. 6 sch. 268 scholars. Pop. 1,003. Pelh.\m, t., Westchester co., N. Y., 10 s. White Plains, 140 s. Albany. The surface is generally level ; soil, clay and sandy loam, mostly well cultivated. Several i-slands in the East r. belong to it, which are City, Hart's, and Hunter's isl- ands. It has 1 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 789. Pelham, p-v., Hillsborough co., N. C. Pelham, p-v., Franklin co., Tenn., 85 s. s. e. Nashville, 651 W. Peltonville, p-o., Pultney t., Steuben co., N. Y., 208 w. by s. Albany, 321 W. Pemaquid, p-o., Bremen t., Lincoln co.. Me., 46 s. s. E. Augusta, 614 W. Pemadumcook, lake, Penobscot co.. Me., is a large body of water of a very irregular Ibrm, re- ceiving the waters of a large number of lakes, to the N. E. of which, the largest is Chesuncook lake. Its outlet flows into Penobscot r. It has much fine land and good timber on its borders. Pemberton, p-y., Burlington co., N. J., 22 s. Trenton, 162 W. Situated on the n. branch of Rancocus cr., and contains 1 Baptist and 1 Meth- odist church, 5 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 fulling m., 1 cotton fac, 1 cupola furnace, about 120 dwellings, and 750 inhabitants. Pembroke, p-t,, Washington co.. Me., ISO e. N. E. Augusta, 766 W. Watered by a small fitream proceedhig from a pond in Charlotte, on the N., which Hows into Cobscook bay on its s. border. The soil is tolerably fertile, adapted to grain. It has 2 stores, cap. .$2,800 ; 1 furnace, 1 Ibrge, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 5 saw iB- Cap. in manufac. $.'),650. 8sch. 376 scholars. Pop. 1,050. Pe.mbroke, p-t., 3Ierrimac co., N. II., 5 s. E. Concord, 4S0 W. The surlace is moderately un- even; soil, fertile, particularly on the streams. Suncook r. runs on its s. e. border, and atlbrds water power. Mcrriinac r. bounds it on the w. Chartered in 1727. The v. lies on a street 3 ins. long, parallel with Merrimac r., and contains a town house and an academy. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $11,000; 1 glass fac, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $25,900. 1 acad. 295 students, 9 sch. 333 scholars. Pop. 1,336. Pembroke, p-t., Plymouth co., Mass., 26 s. E. Boston, 445 W. Watered by North r. and its branches, which afford water power. The r. is winding and deep, and flows into Scituate harbor, and on it many ve.sscls are built. Incorporated in 1711. It has several ponds in its s. part. The v., at the centre, contains a TTnitarian church, and there is a Friends church in the N. part. It has 6 stores, cap. $6,650 ; 1 woollen fac, 4 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,190 1 acad. 25 students, 8 sch. 28S scholars. Pop. 1,258. Pembroke, p-t., Genesee co., N. Y., 262 w Albany, 387 W. The surface is generally level ; soil, clay and gravelly loam. Drained by Tona- wanda cr. and its tributaries. It contains the v. of Richville. It has 4 stores, cap. §22,300; 1 furnace, 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,350. 13 sch. 381 scholars. Pop. 1,970. Pe.v broke, p-o., Giles co., Va., 230 w. Rich- mond, 276 W. Pembroke, p-v.. Christian co., Ky., 197 s. w. Frankfort, 721 W. Pe.migewasset, r., N. H., the principal con- stituent stream of the Merrimac r., rises in Fran- conia t. and the ungranted land in the vicinity. Its principal branches unite on the n. border of Woodstock, and it retains its name until by the union of Winnipiseogee r., in Franklin t., it be- comes the Merrimac r. Pendleton, county, Va. Situated toward the N. part of the state, and contains 999 sq. ms. It is an elevated table land, between 2 ridges of the Alleghany mountains. Tjie south branch of Potomac r. flows through it from s. w. to n. e. The surface is mountainous and rougli ; soil, sterile. Capital, Franklin. There were in 1840, neat cattle 14,161, sheep 20,973, swine 12,777; wheat 65,725 bush, produced, rye 35,547, Indian corn 130,010, buckwheat 8,189, oats 51,168, pota- toes 35,645, sugar 112,151 pounds ; 1 1 stores, cap. $63,200 ; 1 fulling m., 1 cotton fac. 500 sp., 8 tan- neries, 44 distilleries, 4 powder m., 1 pottery, 3 flouring m., 31 grist m., 46 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $50,698. 12 sch. 235 scholars. Pop. whites 6,445, slaves 462, free col'd 33 ; total, 6,940. Pendleton, county, Ky. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 450 sq. ms. Drain- ed by Licking r. and its branches. Capital, Fal- mouth. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,136, sheep 6,475, swine 13,108; wheat 31,175 bush, produced, rye 5,673, Ind. corn 225,021, oats 31,332, potatoes 2,508, tobacco 107,573 pounds; 6 stores, cap. $15,700; 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 8 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $18,925. 10 sch. 265 scholars. Pop. whites 4,013, slaves 437, free col'd 5 ; total, 4,455. Pendleton, p-t., Niagara co., N. Y., 7 s. w. Lockport, 284 w. by n. Albany, 406 W. The surface is undulating; soil, a fertile calcareous loam. Tonawanda cr. bounds it on the s. The v. is situated on the Erie canal, and contains 4 stores, and about 30 dwellings. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $5,700 ; 1 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $450. 7 sch. 230 scholars. Pop. 1,098. Pendleton, p-o., Scott co., Va., 355 w. by n. Richmond, 423 ^V. Pendleton, p-v., Anderson dist., S. C, 136 w. N. w. Columbia, 531 W. Situated on a branch of Savannah r., 1 mile from the district line. It contains 3 churches — 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist, and 1 Presbyterian — 2 academies, 7 stores, and (533 inhabitants. Pendleton, p-o., Putnam co., O., 110 n. w. Columbus, 475 W. Pendleton, p-v., Madison co., la., 31 N. E. In diajiapolis, 558 W. It is situated at the falls of PEN 517 PEN Fall cr., and contains 2 stores, 2 mills, various mechanic shops, and about 200 inhabitants. Pemfield, p-t., Monroe co., N. Y., 8 e. Ro- chester, 222 w. by N. Albany, 371 W. The sur- face is undulating ; soil, sandy and gravelly loam, with a portion of clay on the s. Drained by Irondiquoit cr. The v. is situated on Irondiquoit cr., and contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — an academy, called the Penfield Lyceum, 3 stores, 1 woollen fac, 2 flouring m., 1 carding machine, 1 fulling m., 1 saw ra., 1 slave fac, 1 tannery, 100 dwellings, and about 700 inhabitants. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $30,550 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in raanu- fac. §71,900; 1 acad. 170 students, 16 sch. 1)45 scholars. Pop. 2,842. Penfield, p-o., Clearfield co., Pa., 141 n. w. Harrisburg, 240 W. Penfield, p-t., Lorain co., O., 14 s. Elyria, 106 N. N. E. Columbus, 365 W. Drained by the main branch of Black r. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 5 .'^ch. 118 scholai-s. Pop. 405. Penfield, p-v., Greene co., Ga., 51 n. Mil- ledge ville, 610 VV. Penfield, p-o., Kane co., 111., 162 n. n. e. Springfield, 771 W. Penfield, t., Calhoun co., Mich. It has 2 sch. 64 scholars. Pop. 377. Peninsula, p-o., Boston t., Summit co., O., 136 N. E. Columbus, 345 W. Situated on the Ohio canal, at the Cuyahoga aqueduct, 23 ms. s. of Cleveland. Pen.v, t., Morgan co., O. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,800; 1 tannery, 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $900. 6 sch. 175 scholars. Pop. 1,119. Penn, t., Chester co., Pa., 36 s. w. Philadel- phia. The surface is level ; soil, sandy loam. Drained by tributaries of Elk and White Clay creeks. It contains the v. of Jennersville. There are m the t. 1 store, cap. $5,000 ; 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,350. 3 sch. 82 scholars. Pop. 663. Penn, t., Lycoming co.. Pa. It has 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,300. 3 sch. 35 scholars. Pop. 354. Penn, t., Perry co., Pa. It has 3 stores, cap. $12,300; 1 forge, 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,520 ; 5 sch. 196 scholars. Pop. 839. Penn, p-o.. Jay co., la., 108 n. e. Indianapolis, 531 W. Penn, t., Cass co., Mich. It has 1 store, cap. $500; 3 saw m. Cap. in manu'ac. $3,500. 3 sch. 123 scholars. Pop. 415. Pennington, p v., Hopewell t., Mercer co., N. J., 8 N. Trenton, 177 W. It contains I Presby- terian and 1 Methodist church, both of brick, an academy, a pubhc library, 3 stores, and about 40 dwellings. Pennington, t., Licking co., O. It has 7 sch. 366 scholars. Pop. 1,244. Pennington, t., Union co., Ark. It has 1 sch. 15 scholars. Pop. 914. Penn Line, p-o., Crawford co., Pa., 256 n. w. Harrisburg, 322 W. Penn Ru.n, p-o., Indiana co., Pa., 161 w. n. w Harrisburg, 214 W. Pennsborough, po., Wood co., Va., 295 w. N. w. Richmond, 263 W. Penns Creek, p o., Union co.. Pa. Pennsbury, t., Chester co.. Pa., 23 s. w. Phil- adelphia. The surface is gently sloping ; soil, calcareous loam. Brandywine cr. runs on its E. boundary, and receives from it Pocopsen cr. and other small tributaries. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,600; 3 tanneries, 3 grist in., 3 saw m. Cap in manufac. $12,600. 3 sch. 200 scholars. Pop. 933. Penns Grove, p-o., Delaware co.. Pa., 97 e. s. E. Harrisburg, 127 W. Penns Neck, Lower, t., Salem co., N. J., 5 N. w. Salem. Delaware r. bounds it on the w. and s. w. The surface is level ; soil, clay and sandy loam, with some marsh meadow. It con- tains 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Metho- dist church. Salem r. bounds it on the s. e., and is connected with the Delaware r. by a canal, 2 ms. long. It has 4 stores, cap. $4,800 ; 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $1,047. 5 sch. 185 scholars. Pop. 1,219. Penns Neck, Upper, t., Salem co., N. J. The surface is level ; soil, a light sandy loam. It has 1 Friends and 1 Methodist church. It contains a valuable bed of shell marl. It has 4 stores, cap. $14,000; 2 sch. 95 scholars. Pop. 1,854. Penns Store, p-o., Patrick co., Va., 210 w. s w. Richmond, 2S5 W. Pennsville, p-v., Wrightstown, t., Bucks co.. Pa., 25 N. Philadelphia, 111 e. Harrisburg, 160 W. It contains 1 store, and about 12 dwellings. Pennsvile, p-v., Penn t., Morgan co., O., 77 E. by s. Columbus, 331 W. It contains 1 Friends church, 2 stores, about 20 dweUings, and 100 in- habitants. PENNSYLVANIA. Pennsylvani.\, one of the middle United States, is bounded n. by New York and Lake Erie ; E. by New Jersey, from which it is separated by Delaware river ; s. by Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia ; and w. by Virginia and Ohio. It is between 39° 43' and 42° n. lat., and between 74° and 80° 40' w. Ion. ; and between 3° 31' w. and 2° 18' E. from W. It is 307 miles long, and 160 broad, containing 46,000 square miles, or 29,440,000 acres. The population in 1790, was 434,373; in 1800, 602,545 ; in 1810, 810,091 ; in 1820, 1,049,313 ; in 1830, 1,347,672; in 1840, 1,724,033. Of these 844,770 were white males; 831,345 do. females; 22,752 free colored males; 25,102 do. females. Employed in agriculture, 207,533 ; in commerce, 15,338; in manufactures and trades, 105,883 ; in mining, 4,603 ; navigating the ocean, 1,815 ; do. lakes, rivers, &c., 3,951 ; learned pro- fessions, &c., 6,706. The state is divided into 55 counties, which, with their population in 1840, and their capitals, are as follows : Eastern District — Ad.^ms, 23,044, Gettysburg ; Berks, 64,569, Reading; Bucks, 48,10', Doylestown and Bristol; Chester, 57,515, West Chester; Cu.mberland, 30,953, Carlisle ; Dau- phin, 30,118, Harrisburg ; Delaware, 19,791, Chester; Franklin, 37,793, Chambersburg ; Lan- caster, 84,203, Lancaster; Lebanon, 21,872, Lebanon; Lehigh, 25,785, AUentown; Monroe, 9,879, Stroudsburg; Montgomery, 47,241, Norristown ; Northampton, 40,996, Ea.'^ton ; Perry, 17,096, Bloomfield ; Philadelphi.\, 253,037, Philadelphia ; Pike, 3,832, Milfbrd; Schuylkill, PEN 518 PEN 29,053, Orwiarbburg; Wayne, 11,848, Honesdale; York, 47,010, York. Western District— Aiy LEGHANV, 81,233, Pittsburgh; Armstrong, 28,363, Kittaning ; Beaver, 29,368, Beaver ; Bedford, 29,333, Bedford ; Bradford, 32,769, Towanda ; Butler, 22,378, Butler ; Cambria, 11,236, Ebens- burg; Centre, 20,492, Bellefonte; Clearfield, 7,834, Clearfield; Clinton, 8,323, Lock Haven; Columbia, 24,267, Danville; Crawford, 31,724, Meadville ; Erie, 31,344, Erie; Fayette, 33,574, Union; Greene, 19,147, Wayiiesburg; Huntingdon, 33,4S4, Huntingdon; Indiana, 20,782, Indiana; Jefferson, 7,253, Brookville; Juniata, 11,030, Mifflintown ; Luzerne, 44,006, Wilkesbarre; Lycoming, 22,649, Williamsport ; McKean, 2,975, Smitliport ; Mercer, 32,873, Mercer; Mifflin, 13,092, Lewistown ; Northumberland, 20,027, Sunbury; Potter, 3,371, Cowdersport ; Somerset, 19,650, Somerset ; Susquehanna, 21,195, Montrose; Tioga, 15,498, Wellsborough ; Union, 22,787, New Berlin ; Venango, 17,900, Franklin ; Warren, 9,278, War- ren ; Washington, 41,279, Washington; Westmoreland, 42,699, Greensburg. Ilarri.sburg is the seat of government, on the E. bank of the Susquehanna river, 97 miles w. N. w. from Philadelphia. The Alleghany mountains cross the state from s. w. to n. e., and there are many smaller ranges on each side of the principal ridge, and parallel to it. These mountainous tracts cover all the cen- tral part of the state, ernbracmg nearly one seventh of its whole surface. In the s. E. and n. w., the country is cither level or moderately hilly. The soil is generally good, and much of it is of a superior quality ; the richest tract is in the s. E., on both sides of the Susquehanna. This part of the state has been long settled, and is under high cultivation. Between the head waters of the Alleghany and Lake Erie, the soil is excellent. The most important production of the state by far is wheat, which grows here in great perfection ; and next in value is Indian corn. Rye, barley, buckwheat, oats, hemp, and flax are also extensively cultivated. Cherries, peaches, and apples are abundant, and much cider is made. Although the state is better adapted to grain than to graz- ing, yet in many parts there are large dairies, and fine horses and cattle are raised. In this state there were in 1840,361,553 horses and mules; 1,161,576 neat cattle; 1,755,597 sheep; 1,435,360 swine. There was produced poultry to the value of $631,979. There were raised 12,993,218 bushels of wheat; 206,358 of barley; 20,485,747 of oats ; 6,544,654 of rye ; 2,096,016 of buckwheat; 14,077,363 of Indian corn ; 3,028,657 pounds of wool ; 43,694 of hops ; 32,708 of wax ; 9,477,343 bushels of potatoes ; 1,302,635 tons of hay ; 2.644 of hemp and flax ; 325,018 pounds of tobacco ; 7,262 of silk cocoons ; 2,265,755 of sugar. The products of the dairy amounted to $3,152,987 ; and of the orchard, $610,512. There were made 14,328 gallons of wine. The value of lumber was $1,146,335. The mineral wealth of Pennsylvania is very great. Iron ore is widely disseminated, and has been extensively wrought. But the coal regions furnish the most interesting portion of its mineral productions. West of the Alleghany ridge, bituminous coal is found, of an excellent quality, and in inexhaustible quantities. In Pittsburgh and the vicinity it is extensively used for manufacturing pur- poses. In this region salt springs occur, which afTord a strong brine. But the anthracite coal region, E. of the Blue ridge, and between it and the n. branch of the Susquehanna, is immense, and is exten- sively wrought. The Mauch Chunk, Schuylkill, and Ly'nken's valley coal-field, extends from the Lehigh, across the head waters of the Schuylkill, and is 65 miles in length, with an average breadth of about 5 miles. The Lehigh coal, procured at the northern portion of this field, is heavy, hard, and difllcult of ignition. At Mauch Chunk this coal is found near the surface, and extends to the depth of from 12 to 50 or 60 feet. The Schuylkill coal is from the centre of the above field, burns with less difliculty than the Lehigh, and yields red ashes. The Lackawanna coal-field extends from Carbondale,on the Lackawannock, to 10 miles below Wilkesbarre, on the Susquehanna. This field is made accessible by the Carbondale railroad and the Delaware and Hudson canal, extend- ing to the Hudson river. Limestone is abundant in all parts of the state, and in the s. e. parts a fine marble. The climate of Pennsylvania is various. In the mountainous region in the interior, the winters are severe. The weather is colder on the western than tlie eastern side of the mountain ridge, and in both the rivers are frozen between one and two months in the year. In the s. e. portion the winters are mild, and on the whole the climate is healthy. The Delaware river wasiies the eastern border of the state, and is navigable for large ships to Philadelphia. The Lehigh, after a course of 75 miles, enters it at Easton. The Schuylkill, 130 miles long, unites with it 6 miles below Philadelphia. The Susquehanna is a large river, which rises in New York, flows s. through this state, and enters the Chesapeake bay, in Maryland. It is much obstructed by falls and rapids. The Juniata rises among the Alleghany mountains, and, after a course of 130 miles, enters the Susquehanna, 11 miles above Harrisburg. The Alleghany river, 400 miles long, from the n., and the Monongahela, 300 miles long, from the s., unite at Pitts- burgh, and form the Ohio. The Youghiogeny is a small river which flows into the 3Ionongahela. Philadelphia, between the Delaware and Scliuylldll rivers, and Pittsburgh, at the junction of the Monongahela and Alleghany rivers, are the most commercial places in the state. The other PEN 519 PEN principal towns are Lancaster, Reading, Harrisburg, Easton, York, Carlisle, Alleghany, and Erie. The exports of the state for the year ending September, 1840, were $6,820,145; and the imports were $8,4Ci4,8S2. There were 194 commercial and 173 commission houses engaged in foreign trade, with a capital of $3,662,811; there were 6,534 retail drygoods and other stores, with a capital of $35,629,170; there were 5,064 persons engaged in the lumber trade, employing a capital of $2,241,040 ; 2,146 persons employed in internal transportation, who, with 466 persons employed as butchers, packers, &c., employed a capital of $727,850 ; 53 persons were employed in the fisheries, with a capital of $16,460. The manufactures of Pennsylvania are extensive. There were in 1840, home-made or family goods produced to the amount of $1,292,429; 235 woollen manufactories, and 337 fulling mills, employing 2,909 persons, producing articles to the value of $2,298,861, and employing a capital of $1,500,546 ; 106 cotton manufactories, with 146,494 spindles, employing 5,522 persons, producing articles to the value of $5,013,007, and employing a capital of $3,325,400 ; 2,977 persons produced 859,686 tons of anthracite coal, with a capital of $4,334,102; 1,798 persons produced 11,620,654 bushels of bituminous coal, with a capital of $300,416 ; 213 furnaces, producing 93,395 tons of cast iron, and 169 forges, &c., producing 87,244 tons of bar iron, employing 11,522 persons and a capi- tal of $7,781,471 ; 87 paper manufactories produced to the amount of ^92,335, and other paper manufactures to the amount of $95,500, the whole employing 794 persons and a capital of $581,800 ; hats and caps were manufactured to the amount of $819,431, and straw bonnets to the amount of $80,512, employing 1,467 persons and a capital of $449,107; 1,149 tanneries employed 3,392 per- sons, and a capital of $2,729,536 ; 2,132 other leather manufactories, such as saddleries, &c., pro- duced articles to the amount of $3,453,243, employing a capital of $1,249,923 ; 30 powder mills manufactured 1,181,225 pounds of powder, employing 53 persons and a capital of $66,800 ; drugs, paints, &c., employed 519 persons, producing articles to the amount of $2,179,625, and turpentine and varnish to the amount of $7,865, the whole employing 519 persons and a capital of $2,179,625 ; 28 glass-houses, and 15 glass cutting establishments, employed 835 persons, producing arlicle.s to the amount of $772,400, with a capital of $714,100 ; 182 potteries employed 322 persons, producing articles to the amount of $157,902, employing a capital of $75,562 ; 1,969 persons pro- duced machinery to the value of $1,993,752; 763 persons produced hardware and cutlery to the amount of $783,482 ; 168 persons produced 5 cannon and 21,571 small-arms ; 245 persons manu- factured the precious metals to the amount of $2,679,075 ; 536 persons manufactured granite and marble to the amount of $443,610 ; 3,858 persons made bricks and lime to the amount of $1,719,796 ; 2,770 persons manufactured carriages and wagons to the amount of $1,203,732, with a capital of $559,831 ; 1,005 distilleries produced 6,228,768 gallons, and 87 breweries produced 12,765,974 gal- lons, employing 1,601 persons and a capital of $1,585,771 ; 725 flouring mills produced 1,181,530 barrels of flour, and with other mills, employed 7,916 persons, producing articles to the amount of $9,232,515, employing a capital of $7,779,784 ; 353 persons manufactured 5,097,690 pounds of soap, 2,316,843 pounds of tallow candles, and 5,002 do. of spermaceti candles, employing a capital of $294,442 ; ships were built to the amount of $663,015 ; 2,357 persons manufactured furniture to the amount of $1,151,167, with a capital of $714,817; 1,991 brick houses, and 2,406 wooden houses were built, employing 9,881 persons, and cost $5,339,530 ; 221 printing offices, 46 binderies, 12 daily, 10 semi-weekly, and 162 weekly newspapers, and 42 periodicals, employed 1,702 persons and a capital of $680,340. The whole amount of capital employed in manufactures in the state, was $31,629,415. The colleges in this state are numerous. The following are their names, location, and the date of their being founded. University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 1755; Dickinson College, Car- lisle, 1783 ; Jefferson College, Cannonsburg, 1802 ; Washington College, Washington, 1806 ; Alleghany College, Meadville, 1815; Pennsylvania College, Gettysburgh, 1832; Lafayetle Col- lege, Easton, 1832; Marshall College, Mercersburg, 1836. Besides these are the Medical Depart- ment of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 1765 ; Jefierson Medical College, Philadelphia, 1824 ; Medical Department of Pennsylvania College, Philadelphia, 183-J. The Theological Semi- nary of the Lutheran Church, Gettysburg, 1826; German Reformed, York, 1825; Western Theo- logical Seminary at Alleghany, 1828 ; Theological Seminary af Cannonsburg ; Theological Semi- nary at Pittsburgh. In all these seminaries there were in 1840, 2,034 students. There were in the state, 290 academies, with 15,970 students, 4,968 primary and common schools, with 179,989 scholars. There were 33 940 persons over 20 years of age who could neither read nor write. Of the religious denominations, the Presbyterians, includhig the Associate Roformed. had in 1836, about 400 ministers; the Baptists, 140 ; the Methodists, 250 ; German Reformed, 73 ; Episcopalians, 70; the Friends, 150 congregations. Besides, there are several other denominations loss numerous. In Jan. 1840, there were in thi.s .'•tate, 49 banks, with an aggregate capital of $24,280,405, and a circulation of $9,338,636. At the close of 1840, the state debt amounted to $34,723,261. PEN 520 PEN In the year 1825, Pennsylvania began a splendid course of internal improvements. Her greatest work is a canal from Philadelphia, including a railroad from Johnstown to Ilollidaysburg, 2i miles, over the Alleghany to Pittsburgh, 400 miles. There is a tunnel on the railroad 870 feet long, 200 feet below the top of the mountain. The Schuylkill Navigation canal extends 108 ms. from riiiladelphia to Port Carbon ; the Union canal, 82 ms. from Reading to Middletown ; the Lehigh, 84 ms. from Easton to Stoddartsville ; the Lackawaxen, 25 ms. from Delaware r. to Honesdale ; the Conestaga, 18 ms. from Lancaster to Safe Harbor ; tlie Codorus, 11 ms. from York to Susque- hanna river; Raid Eagle, 25 ms. from West Branch canal to Bellefonte; the Susquehanna, 45 ms. from WrigiitsviUe to Havre de Grace, and several small canals. The railroads of this state are still more numerous. The Columbia, 81 ms. from Columbia to Philadelphia ; Valley, 20 ms. from Norristovvn to Columbia railroad ; Harrisburg and Lancaster, 35 ms ; Cumberland Valley, 50 ms. from Harrisburg to Chambersburg ; Westchester, 10 ms. from Co- lumbia railroad to Westchester ; Franklin, 30 ms. from Chambersburg to Williamsport ; York and Wrighisvilie, 13 ms. ; Strasburg, 7 ms. from Cumberland Valley railroad to Strasbiirg ; Philadelphia and Reading, 95 ms. from Reading to Pottsville ; Little Schuylkill, 23 ms. from Port Clinton to Tamaqua; Danville and Pottsville, 'i4i ms. from Pottsville to Sunbury ; Little Schuylkill and Susquehanna, 106 ms. from Tamaqua to Williamsport ; Beaver Meadow branch, 12 ms. from Lardner's Gap to Beaver IMoadow railroad ; Williamsport and Elmira, 735 ms. between the 2 places ; Corning and Blossburg, 40 ms. do. ; Mount Carbon, 7j ms. from Mount Carbon to Nor- wegian Creek; Schuylkill Valley, 10 ms. from Port Carbon to Tusearora ; branches of do. 15 m. ; Schuylkill, 13 ins. from Schuylkill to the Valley ; I\Iill Creek, 9 ms. from Port Carbon to Coal Mine ; Mine Hill and Schuylkill Haven, 20 ms. from Schuylkill Haven to Mine Hill Gap; Mauch Chunk, 9 ms. from 3Iauch Chunk to Coal Mine ; branches of do. 16 ms. ; Room Run, oi ms. from Mauch Chunk to Coal Mine ; Beaver Meadow, 20 ms. from Parrysvillc to Coal Mine ; Hazclton and Le- high, 8 ms. from Hazelton Mine to Beaver flleadow railroad ; Nesquchoning, 5 ms. from Nesque- honing Mine to Lehigh River; Lehigh and Susquehanna, 19i ms. from White Haven to Wilkes- barre; Carbondale and Honesdale, 17? ms., connects the 2 places ; Ly kin's Valley, 16? ms. from Broad Mountain to Millersburg ; Pine Grove, 4 ms. from Pine Grove to Coal Mine ; Philadelphia and Trenton, 26ir ms. from Philadelphia to iMorrisville ; Philadelphia, Germantovvn, and Norristovvn, 17 ms. from Philadelphia to Norristown; Germantovvn branch of do. 4 ms. ; Philadelphia and Wil' mington, 27 ms. from Philadelphia to Wilmington. Tills stale was granted to William Penn, of the society of Friends, by James H. of England, in 1681. It had previously been settled by the Swedes and Finns, and conquered by the Dutch in 1654. Penn disposed of 20,000 acres to a company of Friends, for 400 pounds sterling, and a colony of them came over towards the close of the year, and formed a settlement at Philadelphia. It was governed by the proprietors until early in the revolutionary war, when the legislature purchased it, by paying the proprietors 130,000 pounds sterling, in lieu of all quit-rents. This state was the theatre of several hard fought battles in the revolutionary war, particularly of Brandy wine and Germantown ; and Philadelphia was for some time in the possession of the British. The constitution of the United States was adopted in convention, December 13th. 1787; yeas 46, nays 23 ; majority, 23. The United States congress removed from Philadelphia to W^ashing- ton in 1800. Penn, township, Philadelphia co.. Pa. Situ- 1 It contains a court house, jail, a bank, an acade- ated N. w. of the city of Philadelpiiia, on which my, 5 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Congregation- it joins. Schuylkill r. bounds it on the w. The al, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — 24 surface is generally level ; .soil, a productive clay and loam, well cultivated. Drained on the n. w. "by Falls rim, which affords water power. It is the seat of the Girard college, for vv'liich the late •Stephen Girard bequeathed §2,000,000. The principal edifice is of white marble, and is 218 ieet long and 160 wide, including the platforms which support the columns, and 97 feet high. There are 34 columns, of fine Grecian arciiitec- ture, of the Corinthian order, around the building, 55 feet high, and 6 feet diameter at the base. The building is incombustible, and will cost over $1,200,000 ; and thus a large part of the munifi- cent bequest for the gratuitous educatiou of orphan boys, will be swallowed up in this ex.- travagant expenditure. There are 5 buildings attached to the institution. It has 4 stores, cap. $2,900 ; 1 furnaoe, 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $76,600. Pop. 3,342. Penn Yan, p-v., 3Iilo, t., capital of Yates co., N. Y., 192 w. Albany, 329 VV. Situated on the outletof Crooked lake, which affords water power. stores, 2 warehouses, 2 flouring m., 2 saw m., 1 funiac'C, 1 clothier's works, 1 tannery, 1 boat yard, 3 carriage fac, 1 plough fac, 1 tannery, 2 printing oflices, each issuing a weekly newspaper, 300 dwellings, and about 1,800 inhabitants. The Crooked Lake canal, 8 ms. long, pas.^es through the place, and through Seneca lake connects it with the Erie canal. Pk.nou.-^cot, r., the largest river of Maine, con- sists of two main branches. The larger or west- ern branch rises in the highlands, in the western part of Maine, and which divide it from Canada, and not far from the head waters of the Chaudiere r., which flows into the St. Lawrence. After a considerable course to the e. it falls intoChesum- cook lake, whence passing s. e., and through Pemadumcook and other lakes, it unites with the ea.-:tern branch. This branch, called the Seboois, rises in some small lakes near the head waters of the Aroostook r., and flows nearly s. to the junc- tion, 54 miles above Bangor. Alter the juiKtion, the river proceeds in a s. k. direction uiuil it re- PEN 521 PEO Ceives Mattawamkeag r., from the n. e., which is its principal tributary on the e. side. Its di- rection is then s. s. w., until it receives the Pis- catiquis, its chief western tributary ; it then holds a direction s. by w. to its entrance into Penobscot bay. Its upper portions have many falls and rapids, furnishing many excellent mill sites. It is about 275 miles long from its source to the ocean. It is navigable 50 ms. from the ocean, to Bangor, for vessels of a large size, and for boats to a consid- erable distance above that. The tide rises at Bangor more than 20 feet, to which the same causes in a measure contribute, which produce such an enormous tide in the Bay of Fundy — the wedge-like form of the bay, and the current pro- duced by the return of the gulf stream. There is a number of islands in the river above Ban- gor, the principal of which is Old town, the resi- dence of the Penobscot tribe of Indians, who own all the islands in the r. as far as the forks, several ms. above Mattawamkeag r., several of which are considerable, and fertile. They have a considerable annuity, secured to them by the state. There are several flourishing towns on the Penobscot bay and river. On the e. side are Castine, Bucksport, and Orrington. On the w. side are Thomaston, Camden, Belfast, Prospect, Frankfort, Hamden, Bangor, and Orono. The Penobscot bay is a fine body of water, and ex- tends from the ocean, at Owl's Head, to Belfast bay, about 20 miles. Across the mouth of the bay, from Owl's Head to Burnt Coat island, is about 30 miles. It embosoms a number of fine islands, the principal of which are Deer island. Fox islands. Isle of Ilaut, Long island, and some others. From a nul back of Camden, and from other points, the view of this bay, wilh its islands and numerous vessels, is exceedingly beautiful. The bay and river contain many fine harbors, tlie principal of which are Castine, Belfast, Bucks- port, Bangor, and others. Penobscot, collection dist. Tonnage, 1840, 37,130. Penobscot, county, Me. Situated in the n. Eart of the state, and is of great extent, though ut a small portion of it is settled. Drained in its upper parts by the head branches of Aroos- took and tlie w. branch of Penobscot rivers, and has numerous lakes. In its lower and settled parts are Penobscot r. and its branches, iMat- tawamkeag, Sebec, and Kanduskeag rivers. The surface is undulating, with some mountains in its N. part ; soil, generally fertile. Capital, Bangor. There were in 1840, neat cattle 19,416, sheep 35,312, swine 9,442; wheat 112,041 bush, produ- ced, rye 9,767, Ind. corn 35,694, buckwheat 3,528, barley 7,919, oats 103,526, potatoes 923,628, sugar 12,303 pounds; 11 commercial and com. houses in for. trade, cap. $98,500 ; 226 stores, cap. $435,731 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $11,600 ; 10 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 21 tanneries, 1 pottery, 4 flouring m., 28 grist m., 242 saw m., 1 paper fac, 3 printing offices, 2 binderies, 1 daily, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $955,674. 4 acad. 275 students, 270 sch. 14,797 scholars. Pop. 45,705. Penobscot, p-t., Hancock co.. Me., 8 n. by e. Castme, 78 e. by n. Augusta, 674 W. Situated on the E. side of Penobscot r. An arm of Pe- nobscot bay sets up from the s. w., and affords facilities for navigation. A large pond lies partly in its N. e. part. It has good water power, and exports lumber. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Incorporated in 1817. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,300 : 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $1,930. 13 sch. 526 scholars. Pop. 1,474. Pensacola, bay, Flor., sets up from the Gulf 66 of Mexico, about 11 ms. from the gulf, and is di- vided into 3 parts. The w. arm, called Escam- bia bay. is 11 ms. long and 4 broad, and receives Escambia r. from tiie n. The middle arm is called Yellow Water bay, of about the size of Escambia, and receives Yellow Water r., through several mouths. Black Water bay, 7 ms. long and 2 broad, is attached to the n. w. end of Yel- low Water bay, is full of islands, and receives Black Water r. and Cedar cr. East bay is 7 ms. long, where it tapers to a small r., near St. Rosa's sound. This admits frigates of the largest class, and is entirely sheltered from all winds. Its en- trance, between Fort Barancas and the w, end of St. Rosa island, is about three fourths of a milo wide, and is well defended. This harbor has 22 feet water on the bar at low tide, is completely land locked, and is the best on the Gulf of 3Iexico, Pensacola, city, port of entry, and capital of Escambia co., Flor., 242 w. Tallahassee, 1,080 W. Situated on Pensacola bay, 10 miles from its entrance into the Gulf of Mexico, on a dry sandy plain, 40 or 50 feet above the level of the water. The streets are wide, crossing each other at right angles. It has 2 public squares, each 500 by 300 feet. It contains a court house, 2 churches — 1 Roman Catholic and 1 Episcopal — ■ a market house, custom house, and public store, and about 2,000 inhabitants. A wharf extends 5 or 600 feet into the bay. The U. S. navy yard is 8 ms. froin the city, and 5 from the entrance of the harbor, and covers nearly 80 acres of ground, enclosed by a high brick wail. It contains houses for the ofTicers, and a naval store and other build- ings adapted to the convenience of the establish- ment. The grounds are laid out in a tasteful manner. Tonnage 1840, 2,922. Peoria, lake. 111., is an expansion of the Illi- nois r., commencing at Peoria v., extending about 20 ms. in a n. e. direction. It is much wider than the r., and has very little current. The water is clear, with a gravelly bottom. It is di- vided into 2 parts by tlie Narrows, and abounds with various kinds offish, wliich are abundantly taken with the seine. Peoria, county. 111. Situated toward the w, part of the state, and contains 648 sq. ms. Or- ganized in 1825. The surface is gently rolling : soil, very fertile. Illinois r. runs on its e. bound- ary. Drained by Spoon r., and Copperas, Kick- apoo, and Senatchwme creeks. Capital, Peoria. I'here were in 1840, neat cattle 4,848, sheep 3,554, swine 24,077 ; wheat 43,240 bush, produced, Ind. corn 218,540, barley 5,010, oats 68,416, potatoes 30,039; 2 commission houses, cap. $10,000; 19 stores, cap. $150,000; 1 tannery, 1 brewery, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $16,275. 27 sch. 1,161 schl's. Pop.6,153. Peoria, p-Ot Wyoming co., N. Y., 238 w. Al- bany, 356 W. Peoria, p-v., capital of Peoria co., 111., 70 n. Springfield, 784 W. Situated on the w. bank of Illinois r. at the outlet of Peoria lake. The situ- ation is beautiful. The first bank of the r. grad- ually rises from 6 to 12 feet above high water mark, and extends back a quarter of a mile from the r. to the second bank, which rises 5 or 6 feet above the first bank. The second bank extends back to the bluffs, which are from 60 to 100 feel; high, by a steep ascent, and present from their top an extensive and beautiful prospect. It con- tains a court house, jail, an academy, 6 churches —2 Preishyterian, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, 1 Epis- copal, and 1 Unitarian— 21 stores, cap. $160,000; 1 tannery, 1 brewery, 2 printing offices, 2 steans saw m., 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manur- fac. $16,275. 4 sch. 236 scholars. Pop. 1,467. PER 522 PER Papacton, r. (See Delaware r.) P'apacton, p-o., Colchester t., Delaware co., N. Y., 1)3 w. s. w. Albany, 321 W. Pkpperell, p-t., Middlesex co., Mass., 38 n. w. lio.-toii, 431 W. Nashua r. runs on its e. boundary. Watered also by Nisitissit r., both of which afford water power. The surface is level on the r., but back of this, uneven. The soil is fertile, particularly on the r. Tiie v., at the cen- tre, contains 1 Congregational and 1 Unitarian churcli, ami a private insane asylum. Incorpo- rated in 1753. It lias 3 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 3 pa- per fac., 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in nianufac. $10,000. 1 acad. 60 students, 8 sch. 463 schol- ars. Pop. 1,571. Pequa.\nock, cr., N. J., rises in Sussex co., in the VVallkill and Wawayanda mountains, and flows s. E. and s. 27 miles, and enters Pas.saic r. Uelovv Pompton v. it is called Ponipton r. Its current is rapid, and it aflbrds good water power. Pequannock, t., Morris co., N. .!., 10 n. Mor- ristovvn. The surface is hilly and mountainous ; soil, loam and clay. Bounded n. e. by Pequan- nock cr., and k. by Pompton r. Drained by a branch of Rockaway r. Iron ore abounds in the N. w., and sulphate of iron is found in Copperas mountain. Green pond is 3 ms. long and half a mile wide, and is surrounded by picturesque scenery, and abounds with fish. It contains the villages of Pompton, 3Iontville, and Powerville. Morris canal passes through its s. part. It has 13 stores, cap. $45,600; 2 woollen fac, 6 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 6 grist m., 9 saw in. Cap. in nian- ufac. .$57,400. 22 sch. 873 scholars. Pop. 5,iy0. Pequannock, r., Ct., a small stream which enters the n. part of Bridgeport harbor. Pequawkett, r., N. H., commonly called Fegwacket r., enters Saco r. in Conway. Pequest, cr., N. J., rises by 2 branches, which unite in Independence t., Warren co., and flow- ing 30 ms., il enters Delaware r. at Belvidere v. It is a large and rapid stream, and atlbrds exten- sive water power. PEauoT, p-v., Groton t., New London co., Ct, 48 s. E. Hartford, 357 W. Pequot, p-o., Calumet co., Wis., 114 n. e. MadiNon, 962 W. ^ Perch, r., N. Y., rises in Orleans t., JefTerson CO., and flows s. w. into Black River bay, at Dex- ter V. Perch River, p-o., Brownville t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 175 N. w. Albany, 427 W. Percivals, p-o., Brunswick co., Va., 70 s. by w. Richmond, 183 W. Pehdioo, r., Ala. and Flor., rises in Baldwin CO., Ala., and (lowing southerly 40 ms., enters a narrow and shallow bay, which sets up from the Gulf of Mexico. Perkiomen, r.. Pa., rises at the foot of South mountain, in Upper Milford t., and flowing s. about 30 ms., enters Schuylkill r. 6 miles above Norristown. It receives a number of tributaries, wliich, with the main river, afford good water power. I'erkins, pt., Erie co., O., 15 n. w. Norwalk, 115 N. Columbus, 419 W. It has 3 sch. 50 schol- ars. Pop. 839. Perkinsvii.le, p-v., Wethersfield t., Wind- sor CO., Vl., 71 s. 3Iontpelier, 465 W. It contains a broadcloth lac, with several other mechanical esiablishmcnls. It contains an academy and about 200 inhabitants. Perkinsville, p-v., Burke co., N. C, 270 w. RMeigh, 425 W. Perquimans, county, N. C. Situated in the N. E. part of the state, and contains 175 sq. miles Little r. bounds it on the n. s. Drained by Per- quimans r., both of which flow into Albemarle sound, which bounds it on the s. Capital, Hert- ford. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,335, sheep 4,766, swine 19,123 ; wheat 35,6 19 busiicls produced, Ind. corn, 369,032, oats 22,063, potatoes 40,222, cotton 65,216 pounds; 9 stores, capital $55,500; '10 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $31,000. 5 sch. 82 scholars. Pop. whites 4,096, slaves, 2,943, free col'd 307; total, 7,346. Perrine, p-o., Mercer co., Pa., 224 w. n. w. Ilarrisburg, 277 W. Perrin's 3Iills, p-o., Miami t., Clermont co., O., 109 s. w. Columbus, 4S0 W. Perrinsvu>le, p-v., Monmouth co., N. J., 24 E. Trenton, 190 W. Perrinto.n, t., 3Ionroe co., N. Y. It has 5 stores, cap. $18,.500; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 (louring m., 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $25,400. 16 sch. 740 scholars. Pop. 2,513. Perry, county, Pa. Situated a little .s. of the centre of the state, and contains 540 square miles. The surface is mountainous and rough ; soil, extensively fertile. Drained by Juniata r. and Sherman's creek. There is a warm me- dicinal spring on Sherman's cr., 11 n. Carlisle, which discharges 90 gallons of water in a minute, useful in cutaneous and other disorders. Capital, Bloomfield. There were in 1840, neat cattle 15,043, sheep 16,932, swine 21,484 ; wheat 200,638 bushels produced, rye 143,519, Ind. com 150,095, buckwheat 37,052, oats 192,253, potatoes 89,369 ; 57 stores, cap. $169,200 ; 5 lumber yards, cap. $1,600; 7 fulling m., 5 woollen fac, 8 furnaces, 2 forges, 23 tanneries, 13 distilleries, 4 potteries, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers, 24 flour- ing m., 26 grist m., 120 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $264,024. 1 acad. 20 students, 92 sch. 3,829 scholars. Pop. 17,096. Perry, county, Ala. Situated a little s. w. of the centre of the state, and contains 936 sq. ms. Drained by Catawba r. and its branches, and by branches of Black Warrior r. Capital, Marion. There were in 1840, neat cattle 23.813, sheep 5,432, swine 52,292 ; wheat 32,694 bushels produced, rye 4,262, Indian corn 792,384, oats 29,297, potatoes 60,431, cotton 12,680,177 pounds; 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 9 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,950. 2 acad. 95 students, 6 sch. 134 scholars. Pop. whites 8,721, slaves 10,343, free col'd 22; total, 19,086. Perry, county, Miss. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 1,044 square miles. Drained by Leaf river and its branches, and by Black cr. and its branches, tributaries of Pasca- goula r. The surface is somewhat broken ; soil, not very fertile, covered with pine timber. Cap- ilrtl, Augusta. There were in 1810, neat cattle 13,645, sheep 1,415, swine 10,579; Indian com 12,520 bushels produced, potatoes 19,481, rice 35,250 pounds, cotton 68,4 16 ; 2 stores, capital $4,(100; 6 grist m., 3 saw in. Cap. in manufac $20,950. 6 sch. 88 scholars. Pop. whites 1,425, slaves 451, free col'd 10; total, 1,839. Perry, county, Tenn. Centrally situated to- ward the \v, part of the state, and contains 575 sq. ms. Drained by Tennessee r., and small streams which flow into it, and by Buffalo r. and its branches, a tributary of Duck creek. Capital, Perrysburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,928, sheep 3,874, swine 13,702; wheat 17,520 bush, produced. Ind. corn 58,391, oats 18,679, po- tatoes 2,875, tobacco 44,895 pounds, cotton 4,787 ; 6 stores, cap. $28,000 ; 2 furnaces, 6 tanneries, 8 distflleries, 10 grist m., 20 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $25,000. 4 acad. 113 students, 7 sch. 300 scholars. Pop. wliites 6,713, slaves G88, free col'd 1 8 ; total, 7,419. PER 523 PER Perry, county, Ky. Situated in the s. e. part of the stnte, and contains 760 sq. miles. Drained by the North and 3Iiddle forks of Kentucl^y r. and their branches. Laurel mountain runs on its N. border. The surface is uneven, witli exten- sive and fertile valleys. Capital, Hazard. There were in 18 tO, neat cattle 6,001, sheep 3,428, swine r2,4'21 ; wheat "2,981 bush, produced, Indian corn 88,070, oats 18,441, potatoes 4,421, tobacco 4,713 pounds, sugar 3,761 ; 4 stores, cap. $3,600 ; 3 tan- neries, 48 distilleries. 34 gri.st m., 1 sawm. Pop. whites 3,923, slaves 143, free col'd 23 : total, 3,089. Perry, county, O. Situated toward t!ie s. e. part of the stale, and contains 400 sq. ms. The surface is hilly ; soil, fertile. Watered by small tributaries of Hockhocking and 3Iunkin2um riv- ers. Capital, Somerset. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,712, sheep 26,299, swiue 23,968; wheat 203,472 bush, produced, rye 6.913, Indian corn 326,312, buckwheat 5,70], oats ]64,!)59, po- tatoes 50,194, tobacco 156,835 pounds, sugar 91,732 ; 36 stores, cap. 56,625 ; 1 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 11 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 2 potte- ries, 7 flouring m., 18 grist m., 36 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. i:i manufac. $102,064. 1 acad. 80 students, 92 sch. 2,939 scholars. Pop. 19,344. Perry, county, la. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 400 sq. ms. The surface is hilly ; soil, fertile. The Ohio r. runs on its s. E., s., and s. w. border. Drained by Anderson's, Deer, Bear, and Oil creeks. Capital, Rome. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,611, sheep 5,073, swine 14,780; wheat 13,452 bush, produced, Ind. corn 170,295, oats 29,736, potatoes 8,622, tobacco 21,419 pounds, sugar 6,076; 12 stores, capital $24,250 ; 6 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 1 pottery, 2 grist m., 4 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $9,131. 8 sch. 194 scholars. Pop. 4,655. Perry, county. 111. Situated toward the s. w. part of the state, and contains 432 sq. miles. The surface is level, having one third prairie ; soil, moderately fertile. Drained by Big Beau- coup and Little Muddy creeks, and St. Mary's r. Capital, Pinkneyville. There were in 1840, nop' cattle 16,666, sheep 4,113, swine 10,223; wheat 14,667 bush, produced, Ind. corn 169,445, oats 31,754, potatoes 4,556, tobacco 3,140 pounds; 4 stores, cap. $3,060 ; 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $650. 1 acad. 9 students, 13 sch. 335 scholars. Pop. 3,222. Perry, county. Mo. Situated toward the s. K. part of the state, and contains 400 sq. ms. I'he surface is various ; soil, on the bottoms, very fer- tile. The Mississippi r. runs on its n. e. bound- ary. Drained by several fine mill streams. Cap- ital, Perrysville. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 3,630, sheep 3,116, swine 8,5.30 ; wheat 11,634 bush, produced, Ind. corn 184,320, oats 9,415, po- tatoes 5,361, tobacco 11,400 pounds, cotton 2,500; 1 commercial house, cap. $2,3:)0 ; 14 stores, cap. $83,800 ; 4 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 7 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $37,680 ; 1 college, 75 students, 8 sch. 169 scholars. Pop. whites 4,968, slaves 778, free col'd 14 ; total, 5,760. Perry, p-t., Washington co.. Me., 5 m. w. East- port, 191 E. N. E. Augusta, 777 W. Situated on the w. side of St. Croi.x r. Incorporated in 1818. li has Passamaquoddy bay on the e., and Cobs- cook bay on the s., and has considerable naviga- tion employed in the lumber trade and the fishe- ries. It is connected wiili Eastport by a bridge. It contains the remains of the Passamaquoddy Indians, who have a small v. containing a Roman Catholic church, and about 20 small dwellings. It has 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Capital hi manufac. $9,100; 11 sch. 356 scholars. Pop. 1,003. Perry, p-t., Wyoming co., N. Y., 243 w. Alba- ny, 360 W. The surface is undulating; soil, sandy and clay loam. Silver lake lies partly ia this t., by the outlet of which it is watered. The V. is situated on the outlet of Silver lake. Incor- porated in 1830, and contains 4 churches — 1 Pres- byterian, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Univer- salist — 15 stores, 2 printing offices, 4 flouring m., 2 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 clothiers' works, 2 furnaces, 1 tannery, 180 dwellings, and about 1,200 inhab- itants. There are in the t. 10 stores, cap. $37,800 ; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 printing office, 2 week- ly newspapers, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 11 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $16,900. 8 sch. 218 scholars. Pon. 3,0S2. Perry, p-o., Venango co.. Pa., 216 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 305 W. I Perry, t., Union co.. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 5 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. .$1,250. Pop. 1,254. Perry, t., Armstrong co.. Pa. Watered by Alleghany r. and its branch. Clarion r. Iron ore is found. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,100; 1 fulling rn., 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,925. 4 sch. 206 scholars. Pop. 1,122. Perry, t., JefTcrson co.. Pa. The surface is roll- ing; soil, gravel and loam. Watered by Little Sandy Lick cr. and Mahoning cr. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. .$5,900. Pop. 1,076. Perry, t., Fayette co., Pa. It has 7 stores, cap. $17,900; 2 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 1 grist m., 6 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $3,155. 4 sch. 156 scholars. Pop. 1,350. Perry, p t.. Lake co.. O., 182 n. e. Columbus, 356 W. Situated on the s. shore of Lake Erie. It contains 2 churches, 10 sch. 627 scholars. Pop. 1,339. Perry, t., Allen co., O. It contains 561 in- habitants. Perry, t., Brown co., O. It contains the vil- lages of Cedarsville and Fayetteville. It has 4 sch. 92 scholars. Pop. 1,869. Perry, t., Carroll co., O. It contains Perrys- ville v. It has 2 sch. 55 scholars. Pop. 1,344. Perry, t., Coshocton co., O. It contains Clays- ville and Guilford villages. It has 3 stores, cap. $2,900 ; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 4 sch. Ill scholars. Pop. 1,339. Perry, t., Columbiatia co., O. It contains the V. of Salem. Pop. 1,530. Perry, t.. Pike co., O. It has 2 stores, capital $3,000 ; 2 saw m., 3 sch. 89 scholars. Pop. 553. Perry, t., Franklin co., O. Situated on the e. side of Scioto r. The surface is level ; soil, fer- tile. 2 sch. 65 scholars. Pop. 1,037. Perry, t., Fairfield co., O. Pop. 1,172. Perry, t., Gallia co., O. Watered by Racoon and Symmes' creeks. The soil is fertile. It con- tains Patriot v. It has 1 store, cap. $800 ; 1 dis- tillery, 1 grist m. Pop. 972. Perry, t., Lawrence co., O. It contains iron ore and stone coal. The soil is sterile. It has 3 sch. 102 scholars. Pop. 663. Perry, t., Wayne co., O. It contains 2,079 inhabitants. Perry, t.. Licking co., O. It contains the v of Elizabethtown, and has 994 inhabitants. Perry, I , Shelby co., O. It has 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Pop. 861. Perry, t., Logan co., O. Watered by Rush cr. Ii oontains the v. of Ea.st Liberty. It has 6 sch. 2:0 scholars. Pop. 1,044. Perry, t.. Stark co., O. Pop. 2,209. Peiiry, t., Montgomery co., O. It has 6 sch. 305 scholars. Pop. 1,831. PER 524 PER Perrv, t., Monroe cc, O. It has 2 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 9S2. Perry, t., Muskingum co., O. It contains 1,061 inhabitants. Perry, t., Pickaway co., O. It has 3 stores, cap. $7,800 ; 1 fulling m., I sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 1,277. Perry, t., Putnam co., O. It contains 266 in- habitants. Perry, t., Richland co., O. It contains 1,853 inhabitants. Perry, t.. Stark co., O. It has 2 sch. 40 scho- lars. Pop. 2,209. Perry, t., Tuscarawas co., O. It has 4 stores, cap. ,$5,200 ; 6 sch. 558 scholars. Pop. 1,381. Perry, t., Wood co., O. It has 5 sch. 127 scholars. Pop. 550. Perry, t., Marion co., la. It has 1 distillery, 2 grist m., 3 saw ra. Cap. in manulac. $1,000. 9 sch. 231 scholars. Pop. 1,510. Perrv, t., Miami co., la. It has 2 tanneries, 3 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 593. Perry, t., Tippecanoe co., la. It contains 807 inhabitants. Perry, t., Wayne co., la. It contains 1,744 inhabitants. Perry, t., Johnson co.. Ark. It has 1 store, cap. $4,500 ; 1 tannery, 2 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 510. Perry, p-t., Allen co., la., 143 n. e. Indianap- olis, 566 W. It has 3 sch. 95 scholars. Pop. 293. Perry, t., Clay co., la. It has 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,785. 2 sch. 58 scholars. Pop. 483. Perry, p-v.. Pike co., 111., 66 w. Springfield, 846 W. It is a pleasant v., containing 2 stores, and a number of dwellings. It is surrounded by a fine country, diversified with timber and prairie. There are in the precinct, 2 stores, cap. $2,800 ; 1 taimerv, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $2,880. 10 sch. 627 scholars. Pop. 1,339. Perry, p-v., capital of Houston co., Ga., 59 s. w. 3Iilledgeville, 715 W. Situated on the n. bank of Indian cr., about midway between Flint and Ocmulgee rivers. It contahis a court house, jail, 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist church, 8 stores, and about 40 dwellings. Perry Centre, p-v.. Perry t., Wyoming co., N. Y., 245 w. Albany, 362 W. Perrv, C H., Ala. (See Marion.) Perry, C. II., p-v., capital of Perry co., Ivy., 151 s. E. by e. Frankfort. Situated on the e. eide of Kentucky r. It contains a court house and several dwellings. Perrym.vnsville, p-v., Harford co., Md. Perrvopolis, p-v., Washington t., Fayette co., Pa., 192 w. by .s. Ilarrisburg, 217 W. Situated on the Youghiogeuy r. It contains 1 church, 3 stores, 1 glass fac, and about 80 dwellings. Perrvopolis, p-v., Monroe co., O., 106 e. Co- lumbus, 303 W. Perry's Bridge, p-v.. La Fayette par.. La., 218 w. New Orleans. Situated on w. side of Vermilion r., 25 ms. above its entrance into Ver- milion bay. Perrysburg, p-t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 306 w. by s. Albany, 358 W. The surface is broken ; soil, gravelly and clay loam. Drained by small streams running into Cattaraugus cr., which bounds it on the n. It haa 3 stores, cap. $6,900; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 5 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $10,350. 9 sch. 400 scholars. Pop. 1,660. Perrysburg, p-v., capital of Wood co., O., 123 N. N. w. Colunxbus, 454 W. Situated at the bead of steamboat navigation on Maumee r., IS miles ,{som tlie light-house on the lake shore. It con- tains a court house, jail, 3 churches — 1 Presby- terian, 1 Methodist, and 1 Universalist — 20 stores, of different kinds, numerous mechanic shops, 2 steam saw m., 1 tannery, 1 printing office, and about 350 dwellings. It has 1,000 feet of wharf, 3 large warehouses, and a shipyard. It is situa- ted on the s. e. bank of the r., 60 feet above its surface, on a rising ground, which commands a fine prospect. It was laid out in 1317. and en- larged in 1835. There are in the t. 1 store, cap. $1,000; 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,500. Pop. 1,065. Perrysburg, p-v., Miami co., la., 101 n. In- dianapolis, 610 W. Perry's Cros.s Ro\ds, p-o., Edgefield dist., S. C, 52 w. Columbia, 516 W. Perry's J>Iills, p-v., Champlain t., Clinton CO., i\. Y., 193 N. Albany, 568 W. Situated on Chazy r., 1 mile s. of the Canada line. It contains 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 cloth dressing and carding machine, 20 dwellings, and about 100 inhabitants. Perry's Mills, po., Tatnall co.,Ga., 144 s. E. Milledgeville, 755 W. Perrysville, p-v., S. Kingston t., Washing- ton CO., li. I., 41 s. Providence, 3S9 W. It con- tains a church and several dwellings. Perrysville, p-v., Fennert., Madison co., N. Y., 115 w. by N. Albany, 358 W. It contains 1 church, 1 store, 1 flouring in., 1 tannery, 1 distil- lery, 40 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. Perrysville, p-v., Bethlehem t., Huntingdon CO., N. J., 10 N. Flemington, 36 N. w. Trenton, 196 W. Situated at the s. e. foot of Musconet- cong mountain. Perrysville, p-v., Ross t., Allesjhany co.. Pa., 8 N. Pittsburg, 2UlS w. Ilarrisburg, 234 W. It contains 1 store and 10 or 12 dwellings. Perrysville, p-v., Cecil co., Md., 65 n. e. Annapolis, 75 W. Perrysville, p-v.. Perry co., Ala. Perrysville, p-v., capital of Perry co., Tenn., 95 w. s. w. Nashville, 779 W. Situated on the w. side of Tennessee r. It contains a court house and several stores and dwellings. Perrysville, p-v., Boyle co., Ky., 41 s. Franklbrt, 563 W. It contains about 500 in- habitants. Perrysville, p-v.. Green t., Richland co., O., 78 N. N. E. Columbu.s, 368 W. Situated on the Black Fork of Mohiccan cr., and contains 2 stores and several mechanic shops. Perrysville, p-t., Vermilion co., la., 81 w, Indianapolis, 652 W. Situated on the w. side of the Waiaash r. It has 8 stores, cap. $55,200; 1 distillery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,400. 1 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 420. Perrysville, p-v., capital of Perry co.. Mo., 214 E. s. E. Jefferson City, 868 W. Situated on Saline cr., 10 miles w. of the Mississippi r. It contains a court house, jail, and about 100 in- habitants. Perrysville, p-v., capital of Perry co.. Ark., 55 w. N. w. Little Rock, 1,110 W. Situated on the N. side of La Fcve r., a branch of Arkansas r. It contains a courthouse and a few dwellings. Perryton, p-v.. Perry t., Licking co., O., 61 .N. E. Columbus, 353 W. Situated in Klizabeth- tovvn v., which contains 1 church, 1 store, and about 15 dwellings. Persia, p-t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 302 w. Al- bany, 354 VV. The surliice is undulating ; soil, a fertile clay and gravelly loam. Drained by tributaries of Cattaraugus cr., which bounds it on the N. It has 6 stores, cap. $43,200 ; 1 woollen liic, 1 printing oirjce, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 grist PER 525 PET m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,400. 4 sch. 308 scholars. Pop. 892. Persia, t., Boone co., Mo. It has 4 sch. 82 scholars. Pop. 2,222. Person, county, N. C. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 440 sq. ms. Drain- ed by branches of Dan r., and by head branches of Neuse r. Capital, Roxboro'. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,971, sheep 3,027, swine 7,853; wheat 18,712 busliels produced, Ind. 12,033, oats 36,610, potatoes 4,994, tobacco 1,030,303 lbs., cot- ton 107,200 ; 5 stores, cap. $12,400 ; 5 flouring ni., 13 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,050. 1 acad. 20 students, 7 sch. 132 scholars. Pop. 1830, 10,027; 1840, whites 5,229, slaves 4,351, free col'd 110; total, 9,790. Perth, p-t., Fulton co., N. Y., 46 n. w. Al- bany, 419 W. The surface is rolling; soil, clay loam. Drained by Chucktenunda cr. It has 1 store, cap. $1,500 ; 1 tannery, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,500. 3 sch. 132 scholars. Pop. 737. Perth Amboy, city, p-v., and port of entry, Middlesex co., N. J., 46 n. e. Trenton, 212 W. Situated at the head of Raritan bay, at the con- fluence of Raritan r. with Arthur kill, or Staten Lsland sound. The harbor is spacious and safe, easy of access, with 12 feet of water in the estu- ary, and from 24 to 26 in the main channel. It was laid out in 1698, and an effort was early made to constitute it the capital of the province. Its present city charter was given in 1784. It contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episco- pal, and 1 Baptist — 1 pottery ; 9 stores, cap. $38,500 ; 2 sch. 98 scholars. Pop. 1,303. The collection district includes all the e. part of New Jersey s. of Elizabethtown, excepting the district of Little Egg Harbor. Tonnage 1840, 17,843. It is a pleasant place of summer resort from New York. Peru, p-t., Oxford co.. Me., 40 w. by n. Au- gusta, 612 W. Androscoggin r. runs on its n. boundary, by tributaries of which, issuing from ponds, it is watered. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Incorporated in 1821. It has 1 store, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,800. 8 sch. 209 scholars. Pop. 1,002. Peru, p-t., Bennington co., Vt., 100 s. s. w. Mont- pelier, 439 W. The surface is mountainous, ly- ing on the Green mountain range. It has 2 ponds, one of 60 and one of 40 acres. Watered by head branches of West r. It has a Congregational church, and some Episcopalians, Methodists, and Baptists. Incorporated in 1761. First settled in 1773. It has 1 store, 2 flouring m., 5 grist m., 8 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $11,910. 6 sch. 260 scholars. Pop. 578. Peru, p-t., Berkshire co., Mass., 118 w. Boston, 338 W. The surface is mountainous, behig on the Green mountain range ; soil, hard and stony, adapted to grazing. It contahis a Congregational church. It has 1 woollen fac, 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $51,800. 5 sch. 162 scholars. Pop. 576. Peru, p-t., Clinton co., N. Y., 10 s. Plattsburg, 153 N. Albany, 52:1 W. The surlaee is level or un- dulating on the e. and hilly on the w. The soil is a fertile sandy and clay loam. Watered by Little Au Sable r. flowing into Lake Champlam, by which it is bounded on the e., on which is a coti- venienl landing, and where are a few dwellings. The principal v. is on both sides of Little Au Sable r., 4 miles w. oi' the lake, and contains 1 Presby- terian and 1 Methodist church, 6 stores, 1 wbol- len fac, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 tannery, 125 dwellings, and about 800 inhabitants. There are ill the t. 9 stores, cap. $31,000 ; 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., )9 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $38,231). 13 sch. 305 scholars. Population 3,134. Peru, p-t., Huron co., O., 93 n. Columbus, 39S W. The v. is situated on the e. branch of Huron r. It contains 1 church, 2 flouring m., 2 saw m., 1 distillery, 40 or 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. It is surrounded by a highly cultivated country. There are in the t. 14 sch. 554 scholars. Pop. 2,000. Peru, t., Delaware co., O., 36 n. Columbus. It has 6 sch. 122 scholars. Pop. 737. Peru, p-v., capital of Jliami county, la., 90 n. Indianapolis, 592 W. Situated on the n. bank of Wabash r. The Wabash and Erie canal passes through it. It contains a court house and several stores and dwellings. There are in the t. 9 stores, cap. $86,300; 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly and 1 semi-weekly newspapers. 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,800. 4 sch. 112 scholars. Pop. 961. Peru, p-v., Dubuque co., Iowa, 5 n. Dubuque. Situated on the s. side of Little Makoqueta r., a little above its entrance into Mississippi r. Peruville, p-v., Groton t., Tompkins co., N. Y., 165 w. by s. Albany, 309 W. It contains 1 Presbyterian church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw lu., 1 tannery, 30 dweUings, and about 200 in- habitants. Petawla, p-o., Randolph co., Ga. Peters, t., Franklin co.. Pa., 12 s. w. Cham- bersburg. The surface is level ; soil, calcareous loam. Drained by the w. branch of Coneco- cheague cr. It has some iron works, a noted sul- phur spring, and a curious cave. There are 3 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 3 forges, 4 tanneries, 3 flouring m., 1 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac $23,730. 13 sch. 383 scholars. Pop. 1,939. Peters, t., Washington co.. Pa., 11 n. E Washington b. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam. Drained by Chartier's and Peters' creeks. It contains Findlaysville v. It has 4 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 3 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 4 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,900. 2 sch. 80 scholars. Pop. 1,024. Petersborough, p-t., Ilillsboro' co., N. H., 41 s. w. Concord, 447 W. The surface is un- even ; soil, fertile, and excellent on the streams. Drained by Contoocook r. and its branches, which afford good water power. Chartered in 1738. It has 6 stores, cap. $21,800 ; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 5 cotton fac 6,044 sp., 1 furnace, 2 tanneries, 1 paper fac, 6 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac $309,225. 1 acad. 90 students, 13 sch. 671 scholars. Pop. 2,163. Petersborough, p-v., Smiihfield t., Madison cc, N. Y., 108 w. by n. Albany, 361 W. It con- tains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Baptist church, 4 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 clothier's works, 60 dwellings, and about 350 inhabitants. Petersborough, p-v., Tioga co.. Pa., 151 n. Harrisburg, 265 W. Petersburg, p-t., Rensselaer co., N. Y., 26 E. Albany, 392 W. The suri'ace is hilly and mountainous, with a fertile valley extending through it ; the soil, luam on slate and lime- stone. Watered by Little Hoosick cr. It has 5 stores, cap. ,§10,200; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 5 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $13,000. 13 sch. 627 scholars. Pop. 1,901. Petersburg, p-o., Luzerne co.. Pa., Ill n. e. Harrisburg, 217 W. Petersburg, t., Huntingdon co.. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $10,500 ; 2 commission houses, cap. $4,000. Pop. 196. Petersburg, p-b., port of entry, Dinwiddle co.. PET 526 PH! Va., on the s. bank of Appomattox r., 12 ms. above its entrance into James r., at Cily Point, in 37'^ 13' 54" N. lat. and 77° 20' w. Ion., 23 s. by e. Kic-hmond, 140 W. Pop. 1830, 8,322; 1840, 11,136. The river is navigable to this place for vessels of 1(X) tons, and the falls iniitiedialely above it afford an extensive water power. A canal is cut round these falls for the purpose of navigation. The borough contains, besides Pe- tersburg, the village of Blandford, in Prince deorge co., and of Pocahontas, in Chesterfield CO. It has a court house, jail, masonic hall, 2 banks, and an insurance office. It has 7 churches —1 Presbyterian, 1 Methodist, 1 Baptist, 1 Epis- copal, and 2 African. The great southern chain of riiilroads passes through it, and adds to its im- portance. It is one of the hand.^oniest and most commercial towns in the state, and exports largely tobacco and flour. The tonnage in 1840, was 3,0y8. There were 6 commercial and 8 commission houses engaged in for. trade, cap. $S75,000; 121 retail stores, cap. $1,026,250; 2 lumberyards, cap. $6,000; 1 furnace, 6 forges, 1 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 7,520 sp., 1 pottery, 2 ropewalks, 2 flouring m., I grist m., 2 saw m., 2 jjriiiting offices, 1 semi-weekly newspaper. Cap. m manul'u(-. $726,555. 8 acad. 386 students, 7 .sell. 125 scholars. In July, 1815, a disastrous fire destroyed 400 buildings, and property esti- mated at $2,000,000. It has been rebuilt in an improved form, with three story brick buildings. Petersburg, p-v., Elbert co., Ga., 'J6 n. e. Milledgeville, 552 W. Situated at the conflu- ence of Savannah and Broad rivers. It is a con- siderable v., but less flourishing than formerly. Petersburc, p-v., Lincoln co., Tenn., 72 s. Na,«hville, 718 W. Petersburg, p-v., Boone co., Ky., 91 n. Frankfort, 516 W. Petersburg, p-v., Springfield t., Columbiana CO., O., 181 E. N. E. Columbus, 275 W. It con- tains 187 inhabitants. Petersburg, p-v., capital of Pike co., la., 138 s. w. Indianapolis, 677 W. Situated a little s. of White r. It contains a court house, several stores and dwellings. Petersburg, p-v., capital of Blenard co., 111., 21 N. w. Springfield, 801 W. Situated on the w. side of Sangamon r., and contains a court iiouse, G stores, 1 steam saw m. and grist m., and about 25 dwellings. Petersburg, p-v., Boone co., Mo., 54 n. Jef- ferson City, 943 W. Petersburg Four Corners, p-o., Peters- burg t., Rensselaer co., N. Y., 31 e. Albany, 3'J7 W. Peters Creek, p-o., Bladen co., N. C. Peters Creek, p-o., Barren co., Ky., 143 s. w. Frankfort, 664 W. Petersiia.m, p-t., W^orcester co., Mass., 64 w. by N. Boston, 462 VV. The surface is elevated and moderately uneven ; soil, fertile. Watered by Swift r., whicli affords water power. Incor- porated in 1754. It contains 3 churches — 2 Con- gregational and I Baptist. The v. occupies a commanding situation, and lies on a street 3 ms. long. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $25,lKiO ; 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in inanu- fac. $58,850 ; 13 sch. 328 scholars. Population, 1,775. Peterstown, p-v., 3Ionroe co., Va., 247 w. Richmond, 293 W. Siiuiited on Rich cr., 2 ms. above its entrance into New r. The cr. here af- fords water power, and has some mills and man- ufitctories located on it. Pktersville, p-v., Northampton co.. Pa., 105 £. N. E. Harrisburg, 193 W. Petersvili.e, p-v., Frederick CO., Md., 89 N. w. Annapolis, 57 W. Petra, p-o., Saline co.. Mo. Pettis, county. Mo. Situated toward the w. part of the state, and contains 600 sq. ms. Drain- ed by La Mine r. and its branches. It has ex- tensive prairies, with timber on the streams ; soil, very fertile. Capital, Georgetown. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,821, sheep 2,551, svvine 12,068 ; wheat 6,579 bush, produced, Ind. corn 162,145, oats 38,640, potatoes 6,390, tobacco 11,475 pounds ; 5 stores, cap. $32,300; 5 distil- leries, 5 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,300. Pop. whites 2,377, slaves 552, free col'd 1 ; total, 2,930. Petit Jean, t., Conway co., Ark. Pop. 351. Petit Gulf, Mississippi r. (See Rodney.) Petit Menan, island, Washington co.. Me., lies in the Atlantic ocean, ofT a point of the same name, in Steuben t. Pewaukee, t., Milwaukee co.. Wis. It has 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,200. 2 sch. 61 sciiolars. Pop. 222. Peyton Creek, p-o.. Clay co., la., 54 w. s. w. Indianapolis, 625 W. Peytonsburg, p-v., Pittsylvania Co., Va., 145 w. s. w. Richmond, 232 W. Pevtonsville, p-v., Williamson co., Tenn., 27 s. Nashville, 693 W. Pharisburg, p-v., Union co., O., 49 n. w. Co- lumbus, 439 W. PiiARSALiA, p-t., Chenango co., N. Y., 127 w. Albany, 33G W. The surface is hilly ; soil, ar- gillaceous loam. Drained by Geneganslette cr. and Ostelic r. It has 3 stores, cap. $9,350 ; 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 11 sch. 453 scholars. Pop. 1,213. Pharsalia, p-v., Panola co., Miss. Phelps, p-t., Ontario co., N. Y., 15 e. Canan- daigua, 185 \v. Albany, 350 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, clay loam, and fertile. Drained by Canandaigua outlet and Flint cr., which here joins it. Gypsum abounds in this vicinity. It has 18 stores, cap. $76,200 ; 3 fulling m., 1 tan- nery, 5 distilleries, 1 printing office, 1 weekly new.spaper, 8 flouring m., 4 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $231,350. 2 acad. 90 students, 30 sch. 1,416 scholars. Pop. 5,563. Phelps, p-t., Ashtabula co., O., 190 n. e. Co- lumbus, 324 W. It IS a flouri.sliing agricultural t. Drained by Rock and Musketoe creeks, which afford water power. Phelpstown, p-t., Ingham co., 3Iich., 71 w. Detroit, 574 W. Pop. 121. Philadelphia, p-t., JeflTerson co., N. Y., 16 n. e. Watertown, 172 n. w. Albany, 432 W. The surface is rolling; soil, clay and sandy loam. Drained by Indian r. and its tributaries. The v. is situated on Indian r., and contains 1 Friends church, 1 store, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 20 dwellings, and about 125 inhabitants. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $14,000; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,000. 18 sch. 709 scholars. Pop. 1,8S8. Philadelphia, the largest city of Pennsylva- nia, and the second in size and population in the United States, is situated between the Delaware and the Schuylkill rivers, extending 2 miles from the one to the other, and 4j miles along the Del- aware, 5 miles above their junction, and 120 ms. by the course of the Delaware from the ocean. It is in 39= 56' 51" n. lat. and 75° 10' 05" w. Ion. from Greenwich ; and 1° 46' 30" e. from V\ ush- ton. It is 300 ms. s. w. from Boston ; 86 s. w from New York ; 97 n. e. from Baltimore ; 98 E by s. Harrisburg; 133 n. e. from Washington. It contained in 1790, 42,500 inhabitants, in 1800 PHI 527 PHI 70,287; in 1810, 96,664; in 1820, 119,325; in 1830, 167,811 ; in 1810, 220,4-'3. Of these there were engaged in agriculture, 693; in commerce, 7,912; in manufactures and trades, 24,900; nav- igating the ocean, rivers, &c. 2,050 ; learned pro- fessions, &c. 1,349. The city is situated on a plain, the highest point of which IS elevated 64 feet above the or- dinary high water mark in the river. The city proper is nearly in the form of a parallelo- gram, having the Delaware on the east, the Schuylkill on the west, Vine-street on the n., and South or Cedar street on the s. But there are five adjoining districts which properly belong to Philadelphia, though they have incorporations and nmnicipal authorities, entirely distinct from the city proper, and from each other. They are the Northern Liberties, Kensington, and Spring Garden on the n. ; and Southwark and Moya- raensing on the s. The part of the city compactly built is about 85 miles in circumference. The two principal .streets are Market or High street, wliich extends from the Delaware to the Schuylkill, E. and w. through the middle of Philadelphia proper ; and Broad-street, which runs n. and s., crossing Mar- ket-street at right angles, near the centre of the city plat. Tlie other streets of this portion cross each other at right angles. Market or High street is 100 feet broad, and Broad-street is 113 feet ; Arch or Mulberry street is 66 feet wide ; the other streets are 50 feet. The adjoining dis- tricts have not the same regularity in their ])lan as the city proper, nor do the whole connect in one consistent and uniform plan. While the city proper has very little variety of surface, on the Delaware above this, and on the Schuylkill, above and below, there are many commanding situations and much varied scenery. The whole number of streets in the city and districts is over 600, There are common sewers which convey the filth of the streets into the Delaware. The houses are built with great uniformity, comnio- diousness, and neatness, and the streets are kept very clean. The largest ships come up the Delaware to the city ; and it is here nearly a mile wide to Cam- den, which lies opposite, in New Jersey. The Schuylkill is also navigable for smaller vessels to the bridge ; and it is here 500 feet wide. Both rivers are generally for some time frozen in the winter, which constitutes a serious obstacle to the commerce of Philadelphia. The amount of the tonnage of this port in 1840, was 103,944. Among the public buildings, that of the late United States Bank, on Chestnut-street, is con- spicuous. It is after the model of the Parthenon, at Athens. The building is 87 feet in front, and 161 deep, and has in front 8 Doric columns, 4 feet 6 inches in diameter, and 27 feet high. The interior is as splendid as the exterior is imposing. It was 5 years in building, and cost $500,000 ; but on the demise of the old bank, it was sold to its successor for $300,000. The Bank of Penn- sylvania is on Second, below Chestnut street. The entire building is 125 feet by 51. It has 2 Ionic porticoes of six columns each. The bank- ing room is circular, 45 feet in diameter, with a dome, and lighted by a lantern in the centre. It has a fiiie lot in the rear, which is beautifully laid out. The United States Mint, corner of Chestnut and Juniper steels, has Ionic porticoes of more than 120 feet long on each front, and is a splendid building, first occupied in 1830. The interior has various apartments, devoted to the different processes of coining. The Merchants' Exchange, between Dock, Walnut, and Tliird streets, is 95 feet by 114, with a recessed portico of 4 Corin* thian columns on one front ; and a semi-circular portico of 8 columns on the other. It is consid- ered as one of the most beautiful structures in the United States. The basement contains va- rious offices, with the post-office. The great hall is embellished by paintings and ornamental de- vices. The above buildings are all of white mar- ble. The Girard Bank is on Third, below Chest- nut street. Its front is of white marble, enriched with a portico with six Corinthian columns of the same material. The other sidesof the building are of brick. It has extensive grounds, neatly laia out and ornamented. The U. States Naval Asylum or Marine Hospital, is 386 feet in front and 175 feet deep. It has a portico in tiie centre of 8 Ionic col- umns. There are LSOdormitories, capable of lodg- ing 400 persons. The whole is surrounded by ornamented grounds. The cost of the establish- ment was $300,000. The Almshouse, on the w. bank of the Schuylkill, consists of a centre build- ing with wings, together with two detached build- ings, one at each end. It has 180 acres of ground, ten of which are occupied by its enclosures. Girard College is about 1 mile from the city, is on a tract of 45 acres of ground, and consists of a centre building, including the portico, 160 feet by 218, and is entirely surrounded by a splendid colonnade, with pillars 6 feet in diameter and 55 feet high, with beautiful Corinthian capitals ; and two other buildings, each 52 feet wide and 125 feet long. This establishment, solely for the ed- ucation of orphan children, was founded by a bequest, for the purpose, of the late Stephen Gi- rard, of over $2,000,000. Among the public buildings of Philadelphia, the venerable old State House in Chestnut-st., erected in 1735, in which Congress sat when Independence was de- clared, and where the convention sat that formed the Constitution of the United States, should not be overlooked. The room in which they sat is carefully preserved without alteration. The original bell, cast many years before the declara- tion of independence, is preserved in the tower of the steeple, and has this inscription, " Proclaim Liberty throughout this land, unto all the in- habitants thereof" Leviticus, xxv. 10. Philadelphia has many public squares, none of which are very large, but many of them finely laid out and ornamented. Independence Square is directly back of the old Stale House, is sur- rounded by a brick wall, on the top of which is an iron fence, is laid out with ground walks, grass plats, and shaded with trees. Here, from the steps of the Stale House, the Declaration of Independence was first read to the assembled people ; and here meetings are now frequently held for political purposes. Washington Square, between Walnut and Locust, Sixth and Wash- ington streets, which is an elegant promenade, was formerly, in time of the yellow fever, a bu- rial place. It is surrounded with an iron railing, and finely ornamented with walks, trees, and shrubbery. Franklin Square is finely ornament- ed, and has in its centre a magnificent founiain ; but was also once a cemetery of the German So- ciety. Logan Square, and liittenhouse Scjuare, are also fine open-ngs, as yet less ornamented. Penn Square, at the intersec'ion of Broad and Market streets, was once the finest public ground in the city. It was laid in a circle, and had in its centre a fine marble building, in the form of a temple, containing a steam engine for raising the Schuylkill water. The water works have been removed, and Market and Broad streets have been run through it, dividing it into 4 parts. Among the public works of the city, the Fair- PHI 529 PHI • mount Water Works stand pre-eminent. They are on the e. bank of the Schuylkill, 2 rnilps n. w. from llie city. They ocr.ipy an area o*" 30 acre.s, consisting mostly of a hill, 100 feet higli. On tlie top of the hill are 4 reservoirs, with an aggregate capacity of 22,000,000 gallons. The whole is surrounded by a substantial pale-fenre, around which is a gravelled walk. A dam is made across tlie Schuylkill, and the water from the pond moves forcing pumps, which raise the wa- ter of tiie river to the reservoirs, from which it is distributed in pipes over tlie city. The scenery at the waterworks has great variety and beauty. At ihe western termination of Market-street is a substantial bridge over the Schuylkill, 1,350 feet long, including the abutments, and 42 feet wide. It has 2 stone piers and 3 arciies, and co.st ijiSOOjOOO. There is a viaduct over the Schuylkill, built by the Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore rail- road com|)any, which also admits the passage of ordinary carriages. These are the only bridges which cross the Schuylkill, near the city. Numerous steamboats and other craft afford a constant and easy communication with New York and BaltiuKJie ; and railroads in various directions, make Philadelphia a great thorough- fare. By the Pennsylvania canal, and a short railroad over the Alleghany mts., this city has a commercial connection with Pittsburgh, and the great valley of the Mississippi. There were in 1840, 184 foreign commercial and 41 commission houses, with a cap. of .'];2,()4'J,5!)1 ; 1,7'Jl retail stores, with a cap. of ,S17,0>j2,3S4 ; 48 lumber yards, with a cap. of $I,11S,.500; 2 furnaces, with a cap. of $259,050; machinery was manu- factured to the amoimt of $'J15,864; hardware and cutlery, $154,400 ; the precious metals, $2,651,510; of various metals, $376,060; 15 woollen fac, cap. §135,100; 17 cotton lac, with 17,922 sp. ; 14 printing and dyeing estab., with a total cap. of $474,000 ; 8 tanneries, with a cap. of $117,500; 11 distilleries, 16 breweries, w'ith a cap. of $415,200; paints and drugs, $1,839,050 ; 1 glass fac. and 1 glass cutting estab., with a cap. of $23,500 ; 6 potteries, with a cap. of $24,000 ; 12 sugar refineries produced $890,000; 6 paper fac. produced $31,250; 12 rope walks, with a cap. of $82,y;)0 ; 1 saw m., 1 flouring m., 1 grist m.. cap. $S.000; furniture to the amount of $526,200 ; SOS brick and stone houses, and 62 wooden houses, cost $2,751, 3-(3; 46 printing offi- ces, 12 binderies, 8 daily, 16 weekly, 7 semi- weekly newspapers, and 26 periodicals, employed 911 persons, with a cap. of $252,600. Total cap. in manufac. $^,796,99^. Tliere were 5 colleges, with 737 students, 109 academies and grammar schools, with 7,610 students, 167 common and primary schools, with 22,678 scholars. capital was $35,000,000; and 23 insurance co«> panics. The University of Pennsylvania was founded in 1791, by the utiion of two previous institutions', the first of which was instituted in 1755. It has 14 instructors, 116 students, and 5,000 volumes in its library. The most flourisjiing department is the medical, which has 7 professors and over 400 students, and is the most distinguished insti- tution of the kind in the United States. Jefferson .Aledical ('ollege was formerly connected with the college at Cannonsburg, but is now inde- pendent, founded in 1821 ; it lias 7 professors and 145 students. The medical department of Penn- syvania College, founded in 183.1, has 6 profe.s- sors and 60 students. The Anwrican Philosophi- cal Society was fbtmded in 1740, chiefly through the exertions of Dr. Franklin. In 1769 it waa united with another similar society. It has an excellent library and a collection of minerals. The Academy of Natural Sciences, founded in 1817, has a library of over 9,000 volumes. The P>anklin Institute was founded in 1824, and con- sists of 3,000 manufacturers, artisans, and me- chanics. The Atheneum, founded in 181.5, has a good library and reading room. The Mercan- tile Library, formed in 1822, hag 5 or 6,000 vol- umes, chiefly relating to commerce and its kin- dred subjects. The Historical Society has issued many useful publications relating to the early history of Pennsylvania. The Philadelphia Li- brary Company, established through the influence of Dr. Franklin, has a library of over 42,000 volmnes. There are about 100 churches in the city, of which the Presbyterians have 24 ; the Episcopa- lians 19 ; the Metlwdists 19 ; the Baptists 17 ; the Roman Catholics 6, &c. Among the places of amusement there are 4 or 5 theatres, a number of public gardens, and the Philadelphia Museum, the best in the United States. The government of the city proper, is in the hands of a mayor, a select council of 12, and a ccmimon council of 20 members. One third of the select, and the whole of the common council, are chosen annually by the people, and the coun- cils elect a mayor. The aldermen, who are 15' in number, are appointed by the governor to act, with the mayor, as judges, during good behavior; and the aldermen act as justices of the peace. The whole legislative power is in the councils, of which the select council is a kind of senate. Southwark is governed by 15 commissioners, and was incorporated in 1794. The Northern Liberties, incorporated in 1803, is governed by & commissioners. Philadelphia was first surveyed and regulated The benevolent institutions of Philadelphia in 1682. It had previously been in possession of are exceedingly numerous. Among them the Pennsylvania Hospital was founded in 1750, through die instrumentality of Dr. Franklin and others. The state granted X"2,()00, and the same sum was, by stipulation, raised by subscription; the proprietaries made a further donation, and the building was commenced in 1755. In a fine area in front of the hospital, stands a full length statue of William Penn, in bronzed lead. This institution is well managed ; and they have n;- ccntly erected a separate institution for the in- sane. The House of Refuge for juvenile dcliti- quents ; the Institution for the Deaf and Dumb: the Institution for the Blind, and the Philadelphia Orphan Asylum, are useful establishments. the Swedes, some of whom came into the coun- try, bordering on Delaware bay, as early as 1627. It was named after a city in Asia Minor, and the plan is said to have been suggested by llwt of ancient Babylon, and according to the original design of William Penn, its original founder and proprietor, was designed to liave equalled that ancient capital in extent ; but the idea was soon abandoned, and the charter of 1701 restricted it to the present boundaries of tlie city proper. Penn"s country residence was at Pennshur^ Manor, above Bristol, in which was a large Hall of Audience, where he held treaties with the Indians ; and the oak arm-chair in which he sat, is now in the Pennsylvania Hospital. The There are in the City and Liberties 13 banks, first Congress assembled in Philadelphia, Sept. with an aggregate capital of §11,550,000, besides j 5th, 1774, and adopted a declaration of riglits; iu the United States Baidi of Pennsylvania, whose iJuly 4lh, 1776, the declaration of independence ; PHI 629 PIA In the autumn of 1776, retired to Baltimore ; Sept. 26th, 1777, the city fell into the hands of the British, who occupied it until the 18th of June following. May 17th, 1787, a convention met here, and in Sept. 17th, following, agreed on a constitution for the United States. In 1793 and 1798 the yellow fever raged in the city. Philadelphia, p-v., capital of Neshoba co.. Miss., 83 E. N. E. Jackson, 931 W. Situated on the E. side of Kentokey cr., a branch of Pearl r. It contains a court hou.se and several dwellings. Philadelphia, p-v., Monroe co., Tenn., 160 K. s. E. Nashville, 533 W. Philadelphia, p-v., Hancock co., la., 15 e. Indianapolis, 556 W. Philadelphia, p-v., Van Buren co., Iowa. Situated on Des Moines river, at the mouth of Lick cr. Philadelphus, p-v., Robeson co., N. C, 106 s. by w. Raleigh, 394 W. Phila.nthropv, p-o., Reiley t., Butler co., O., 120 w. s. w. Columbus, 508 W. Philips, county. Ark. Situated in the E. part of the state, and contains 730 sq. ms. Mississippi r. bounds it on the e. Watered by St. Francis r., and Lanquille r. its tributary. The surface of the southern part is extensively liable to submer- sion. The N. part is a dry, sandy soil, very fertile where it is capable of cultivation. Capital, Hel- ena. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,634, sheep 557, swine 11,415; wheat 151 bush, produced, Ind. corn 100,675, oats 3,850, potatoes 15,256, to- bacco 1,455 pounds, cotton 146,409 ; 10 stores, cap. $77,000 ; 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 22 grist m., 5 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly news- papers. Cap. in manufac. $52,335. 5 sch. 109 scholars. Pop. whites 5,262, slaves 905, free col'd 17 ; total, 3,547. Philipsburg, p-v.. Rush t.. Centre co., Pa., 119 N. w. Harrisburg, 211 W. Situated on Mush- annon cr., 20 ms. from its confluence with the w. branch of Susquehanna r., to which it is naviga- ble. It is a neat v., containing 1 Episcopal church several stores, 1 steam grist m, 1 forge, 1 wire and screw fac, and about 60 dwellings. Philipsburg, p-v., Wells t., Jefferson co., O., 137 E. by N. Columbus, 262 W, Situated on Ohio r., opposite Wellsburg, Va. It has an e.i£- tensive mercantile warehouse. Philipsport, p-v., Mamakating t., Sullivan CO., N. Y., 92 s. s. w. Albany, 287 W. Situated on the Delaware and Hudson canal, and contains a Methodist church, 1 store, 1 grist m., 20 dwell mgs, and aboiU 100 inhabitants. Philip's Store, p-o., Nash co., N. C, 58 e. Raleigh, 270 W. Philipstown, p-v., White ca, 111., 190 s. e Springfield, 742 W. Philipsville, p-v.. Amity t., Alleghany co., N. Y. Situated on Genesee r., on the line of the N. York and Erie railroad, and contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 35 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. Phillips, p-t,, Franklin co., Me., 55 n. w. Au- gusta, 636 W. Watered by Sandy r., which Hows into Kennebec r. Incorporated in 1812 It has 5 stores, cap. §14,500 ; 1 grist m., 2 saw m Cap. in manufac. .$12,850. 11 sch. 597 scholars Pop. 1,312. Phillipsburg, t,, Beaver co.. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 1 saw m Cap. in manufac. $39,490. 1 school. Pop. 338, Phillipsburg, p-v., Wallkill t.. Orange co., N. Y., 109 s. by w. Albany, 282 W. It contains 1 store, 2 woollen fac, 1 wool carding raacliine, 1 grist m., 1 distillery, and 8 or 10 dwellings, 67 Phillipsburg, p-v., Erie co., Pa., 263 n. w. Harrisburg, 319 W. Phillipsburg, b.. New Sewickly t., Beaver CO., Pa. Situated 2 ms. from Beaver b., on the s. side of the Ohio r., opposite the entrance of Beaver r. It contains 1 church, 1 store, and about 65 dwellings. Steamboat building is ex- tensively carried on. A bridge connects it with Bridgewater, on the opposite side of Beaver r. Phillipston, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 65 n, w. by w. Boston, 414 W. The surface is un- even ; soil, fertile. It contains 3 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 IMethodist, and 1 Universalist. Chartered in 1786, by the name of Gerry ; chang- ed to Phillipston in 1812. It has a large pond in its E. part. It has 1 store, cap. $11,000 ; 1 full- ing m., 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 1,512 sp., 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3-1,500. 7 sch. 273 scholars. Pop. 919, Phillipstown, t., Putnam co., N. Y,, 14 -w. Carmel, 96 s. Albany. The surface is moun- tainous, containing some of the most elevated peaks of the Highlands. Cold Spring v. is situ- ated on the E. bank of Hudson r., nearly oppo- site to West Point. Hudson river runs on itg w. boundary. Iron ore abounds in the vicinity. It has 18 stores, cap. $39,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 fur- nace, 1 tannery, 1 paper fac, 1 flouring m., 4jgrist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $165,310. 9 sch. 547 seholar.s. Pop. 3,814. Phillipsville, v., Granby t., Oswego co., N- Y. Situated on the w. side of Oswego r., and contains 2 stores, 2 saw m., 25 dwehings, and about 175 inhabitants. The r. has a descent here of 20 feet, creating a great water power. Philometh, p-o., Union co., la., 69 e. by s. Indianapolis, 508 W. Philo.mont, p-v., Loudon co., Va., 12 s. Lees- ville, 141 N. Richmond, 48 W. It contains a store and 6 or 8 dwellings. Phippsburg, p-t., Lincoln co.. Me., 44 s. Au- gusta, 534. Situated at the mouth of Kennebec r., on a peninsula, between Kennebec r. on the E. and New Meadow bay on the w. It has the Atlantic on the s. Sequin and Pond islands, on each of which is a light-house, belong to the t. Cape Small Point is at its s. extremity. It hag considerable navigation, employed chiefly in the fisheries. Ship huilding is a considerable busi- ness. It has 7 commercial houses, cap. $2,850 ; 1 grist m., 33 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $143,417 9 sch. 654 scholars. Pop. 1,657. Phipp's Mills, p-o., Venango co.. Pa., 215 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 273 W. Phcenix, p-v., Schroeppel t., Oswego co., N. Y., 148 w. N. w. Albany, 365 W. Situated on the E. side of Oswego r., on the Oswego canal, and contains 1 church, 6 stores, 1 flouring m., 6 saw m., 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Phce.ni.x, p-o., Edgefield dist., S. C, 77 w. Co- lumbia, 541 W. Phceiviix Mills, p-o., Walworth co., Wis., 61 s. E. Madison, 804 W. Phcenixville, p-v., Schuylkill t., Chester co.. Pa., 79 E. s. e. Harrisburg, 156 W. Situated at the junction of French cr. with Schuylldll r. It contains 2 stores, 2 rolling m., a nail fac, pro- ducing 2,000 tons of nails annually, 1 cotton fac, 2,000 sp., 100 dwelhngs, and about 700 inhab- itants. Piiv.sic Spring, p-o., Buckingham co., Va., 64 w. Richmond, 142 W. Piatt, county, III. Situated a little n. of E, of the centre of the state, and contams 440 sq, ms. Drained by Sangamon r. Capital, Monticello, Piatt's La.ndi.ng, p-o., Boone co., Ky-, 72 is- Franlvfort, 530 W. PIE 530 PIK PK'KAMtNK, p-0., Iroquois co., III., 198 N. E. Springneld,700\V. Pickaway, county, O. Situated a little s. of tlie renirfi of the state, and cojitains 470 ffi. ms. 'J'he surface is generally level ; soil, very fertile, yielding 40 or 45 bushels of wheat, and f)5 of Indian rorn, to the acre. i)rained by Scioto r. and its tributaries, Darby, Deer, and Little Wal- nut creeks. Capital, Circleville. There were in 1810, neat cattle ltt,273, sheep 25,85S, swine 37,89j ; wheat '246,r)(il bushels produced, rye 10,114, Ind.corn 1,.j23,8S4, buckwheat 1,;!13,oats 100,858, potatoes 18,007, tobacco 1,1'28 pounds, sugar 1 1,050 ; 1 furnace ; 33 stores, cap. l^dl.lSO ; 3 commission houses, cap. $10,0i)0; 4 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 13 tanneries, 8 distilleries, 1 brew- ery, 2 potteries, 8 flouring m., 15 grist m.. 33 saw m., 1 oil ti., 3 printing oflices, 2 weekly, 1 semi-weekly, and 4 periodical newspapers. Cap. in inanufac." $C6,513. 1 acad. 15 students, 54 sch. 1,522 scholars. Pop. 19,7-25. Pickaway, t., Pickaway co., O. It has 1 tan- nery, 1 pottery, 1 flouring m., 2 saw m. Cap. in maiiufac. $25,505. 6 sch. 176 scholars. Pop. 1,572. Pickens, district, S. C. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 1,200 sq. ms. The surfjjce is hilly and mountainous. Drained by Seneca r. and its branches, a tributary of Tuga- loo r. Capital, Pickens C. H. There werein 1840,^ neat cattle 14,873, sheep 7,901, swine 32,503; wheat 48,815 bushels produced, rye 3,440, Indian corn 515,215, oats 91,539, potatoes 32,238, tobacco 13.613 pound.s, cotton 395,253; 16 stores, cap. $59,600 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 7 tanneries, 49 distilleries, 9 flouring m., 72 grist m., 25 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $72,800. 1 acad. 51 students, 25 sch. 379 scholars. Pop. whites, 11,543, slaves 2,715, free col'd 93; total, 14,356. Pickens, county, Ala. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 720 sq. ms. Drained by Tombigbee r. and its branches, the chief of which is Sipsey or New r. Capital, Carrollton. It lias 3 acad. 120 students, 28 sch. 609 scholars. Pop. "lutes 9,347, slaves 7,764, free col'd 7 ; total 17 118. Pkkens, C. H., p-v., capital of Pickens dist., S. C, 130 n. w. by w. Columbia. It contains a court house, jail, an academy, and from 200 to 300 inhabitants. PicKKNs Mii.LS, p-o., 3Iarengo CO., Ala., 52 s. Tuscaloosa, 804 W. PicKENsvii.LE, p-v., Pickensdist., S. C, 120 w. N. w. Columbia, 515 W. It contains an acade- my, and about 15J inhabitants. PiCKENsviLLE, p-v., Pickcns CO., Ala., 53 w. Tuscaloosa, 861 W. Situated on the e. side of the Tombigbee r., and contains a church, 10 stores, and about 500 inhabitants. Pickering, island, Hancock co.. Me. Pickering, p o., Chester co.. Pa., 78 e. s. e. Harrisburg, 135 W. PiCKERi.NGTON, p-v., Violet t., Fairfield co., O., 17 E. s. E. Columbus, 388 W. It contains 2 chun^hes, 3 sUires, 35 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Piedmont, p-v., Harris co., Ga., 135 w. s. w. Milledgeville, 70S W. PiERMONT, p-t.. Grafton co., N. H., 65 n. n. w. Concord, 510 VV. Connecticut r. bounds iion the w., on which are extensive and highly fertile intervales Watered by Eastman's brook, flow- ing from 2 ponds in it.s e. pirt, and which aflbrds water power. Indian brook cros.ses its s. w. cor- ner. First settled in 1770. It las 2 stores, cap. $5,000; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,453. 1 sch. 10 scholars. Pop. 1,057. PiERMONT, p-v., Orangeiown t., Rockland co., N. Y., 24 N. New York, 135 s. by w. All)any,25S W. Situated on the w. side of Hudson r., on Sparkbill cr., which affijrds water power. It con- tains 2 churches, an academy, 5 stores, 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 140 dwellings, and about 1,000 inhabitants. The New York and Erie railroad commences at this point, and the Pali- sades liere terminate in a-i 'hrapt hill. PiERPONT, p-t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 8 E. Canton, 202 n. n. w. Albany, 485 W. The sur- face is diversified; soil, various. It is 40 miles long from n. to s. Drained by Oswegatchie and Grass rivers. R.icket r. crosses its n. e. corner. It has 1 fulling m., 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,945. 11 sch. 438 scholars. Pop. 1,430. PiERPONT, p-t., Ashtabula co., O., 213 n. e. Columbus, 330 W. Piffardiana, p-o., Livingston co., N. Y. Pig, r., Va., rises in the Blue ridge, and falls into Roanoke r., after a course of 35 miles. Pigeon, t., Vanderburgh co., la. 1* has 3 sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 2,352. Pigeon Creek, p-o., Greene co., Tenn., 253 E. Nashville, 444 W. Pigeon Creek, p-o., Ralls co.. Mo., 104 n. n. E. Jefferson City, 919 W. Pigeon Forge, po., Sevier co., Tenn. Pigeon River, p-o., Haywood co., N. C, 284 w. Raleigh, 511 W. Pigeon Run, p-o., Campbell co., Va., 133 w. s. w. Richmond, 211 W. Pike, county. Pa. Situated toward the n. e. part of the state, and contains 720 sq. ms. Dela- ware r. bounds it on the n. e. and s. e. The surface is mountainous and broken ; soil, gene- rally barren, excepting along the Delaware r., where is good land. Watered by Lackawaxen r., along which passes the Delaware and Hud- son canal. Several creeks which flow into the Delaware afford water power. The lumber busine.'-s forms the chief employment of the in- habitants. Ca])ital, 3Iilford. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,935, sheep 3,037, swine 3,421 ; wheat 4,469 bushels produced, rye 32,994, Ind. corn 21,759, buckwheat 19,317, oats 16,019, pota- toes 51,614; 11 stores, cap. $43,300; 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 7 grist m., 46 .^aw m. Cap. in manufac. $113,005. 1 acad. 40 students, 18 sch. 426 scholars. Pop. 3,832. Pike, county, Ga. Situated a little w. of the centre of the state, and contains 470 sq. ms. Drained by Anhau r. a branch of Flint r., which bounds it on the w. Capital, Zebulon. There were in 18 tO, neat cattle 11,746, sheep 4,475, swine 24,207; wheat 47,171 bush, produced, Ind. corn 390,282, oats 27,516, potatoes 14,715, tobac- co 3,947 pounds, cotton 6,074,959 ; 11 stores, cap. $48,250 ; 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 5 saw m., 2 oil in. Cap. in manufiic $2,900. 1 acad. 25 students, 8 sch. 250 scholars. Pop. whites 6,595, slaves 2,549, free col'd 32 ; total, 9,176. Pike, county, Ala. Situated toward the s. E. part of the stale, and contains 1,100 sq. ms. Pea r. runs on its k. border. Drained by Conecuh r. and its branches. Capital, Troy. There were in 1840, neat cattle 28,375, sheep 3,720. swine 30,240 ; wheat 4,020 bush, produced, Ind. com 385,993, oats 8,173, potatoes 32,320, cotton 733,266 pounds ; 8 stores, cap. $5,750 ; 12 grist m., 7 saw m., 19 sch. 412 scliolars. Pop. whites 7,987, slaves 2,111, free col'd 10; total, 10,108. Pike, county, Miss. Situated toward the s. w. part of the state, and contains 864 sq. ms PIK 531 PIK Drained by Bogue Chitto r. and its branches, and by 'I'angiapaho r., which flows into Lake Font- crharrrain. Capital, Holmcsville. There were in 1H40, neat caltle y,4-li sheep 2,-182, swine )9,391 ; wheat 257 bush, produced, Ind. corn 180,345, oats 9,193, potatoes 2G,818, rice 139,600 pounds, cotton 1,416,751 ; 3 stores, cap. $24,000; 12 sch. 242 scholars. Pop. whites 3,756 slaves 2,374, free col'd 21 ; total, 6,131. Pike, county, Ky. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 4U0 sq. ms. Cumber- land mountain bounds it on the s. e. Drained by the w. fork of B\q Sandy r. Capital, Pike- ton. There were in 18 lO, neat cattle 5,717, sheep 2,984, swine 1 1,866 ; wlieat 4,966 bush, produced, Ind. corn 174,398, oats 21,292, potatoes 8,767, tobacco 11,369 pounds, cotton 14,491, sugar 16,850 ; 12 stores, cap. $25,743 ; 48 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,436. 1 ech. 25 scholars. Pop. whites 3,469, slaves 85, free col'd 13 ; total, 3,567. Pike, county, O. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 421 gq. ms. Scioto r. pa.sses centrally through it from n. to s. The surface is various ; soil, very fertile. Capital, Chilicothe. There were in 1810, neat cattle 9,559, sheep 8,706, swine 12,362; wheat 82,170 bu.sh. produced, Ind. corn 356,434, oats 106,324, potatoes 4,593 ; 23 stores, cap. $37,280 ; 3 flour- ing m., 5 grist m., 19 saw m. Cap. in manulac. §15,760. 37 sch. 823 scholars. Pop. 7,626. Pike, county, la. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 325 sq. ms. Organized in 1816. The surface is gently rolling; soil, fer- tile. White r. runs on its n. boundary, and is navigable. Watered by Patoka river and Flat creek. Capital, Petersburg. There were in 1S40, neat cattle 4,733, sheep 5,152, swine 18,578 ; wheat 2-t,947 bush, produced, Ind. corn 239,037, oats 31,934, potatoes 9,366, tobacco 11,440 pounds, sugar 6,732; 15 stores, cap. $33,100 ; 3 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 8 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $22,387. 1 acad. 15 students, 12 sch. 312 scholars. Pop. 4,769. Pike, county. 111. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 800 sq. ms. The Illinois r. bounds it on the e., and the Mississippi on the s. w. Drained by creeks which flow into these rivers, and which afford water power. Snycar- tee slough passes along the Mississippi in this CO. There is a salt spring on McKee's or., 20 feet in diameter. Capital, Pittsfield. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,597, sheep 6,987, swine 22,413; wheat 81,879 bush, produced, rye 1,221, Ind. corn 359,945, buckwheat 1,740, oats 30,-i60, potatoes 31,615, tobacco 12,06.5 pounds, sugar 8,240 ; 20 stores, cap. $68,400 ; 14 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 flouring m., 11 grist m., 18 saw m. Cap. in manulac. $57,080. 2 acad. 105 students, € sch. 656 scholars. Pop. 11,728. Pike, county. Mo. Situated toward the n. e. part of the state, and contains 720 sq. ms. The Mississippi r. bounds it on the n. e. Salt r. runs through its n. e. part into the Mississippi. Drain- ed on the s. by a branch of Cuivre r. Capital, Bowling Green. There were in 1340, neat cat- tle 13,515, sheep 14,312, swine 33,940; wheat 42,971 bush, produced, rye 2,306, Ind. corn 513,169, oats 73,9:t0, potatoes 21,641, tobacco 822,922 pounds, sugar 20,045 ; 1 commercial house, cap. S',-00 ; 36 stores, cap. $133,077; 3 woollen fac, 11 tanneries, 9 distilleries, 2 potte- rie.s, 2 flouring ra., 15 grist m., 8 saw m., 1 print- ing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manu- fac. $69,530. 27 sch. 1,048 scholars. Pop. wliites 8,157, slaves 2,472, free col'd 17 ; total, 10,646. Pike, county. Ark. Situated toward the s. w. part of the state, and contains 500 sq. ms. Drained by branches of Little Missouri r. Capi- tal, Murfreesboro'. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,772, sheep 448, swine 5,744; wheat 653 bush, produced, Ind. corn 70,115, potatoes 2,670, tobacco 1,018 pounds, cotton 11,998, 1 grist m., 1 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $3,800. Pop. wliites 860, slaves 109 ; total, 969. Pike, p-t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 20 n. Angelica, 257 w. by s. Albany, 350 W. The surface is rolling; soil, a fertile mold. Drained by East Koy and West Koy creeks. The v. is situated on West Koy cr., and contains 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist church, 8 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 furnace, 2 tanneries, 2 clothiers' works, 90 dwellings, and about 600 inhabitants. There are in the t. 9 stores, cap. $20,550 ; 3 fulling m., 1 furnace, 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $34,625. 9 sch. 289 scholars. Pop. 2,176. Pike, t., Potter co., Pa. It has 1 grist m., 4 sawm. Cap. in manufac. $11,100. Pop. 139. Pike, t., Berks co.. Pa. Tiie surface is une- ven ; soil, gravel, not fertile, and indiflferently cultivated. Drained by the sources of Mana- tawny cr., which aflford water power. It has 1 church, common to Lutherans and Presbyteri- ans. It has 3 stores, cap. $11,000 ; 1 fulling ra., 1 woollen lac, 1 forge. Pop. 790. Pike, p-t., Bradford co.. Pa., 153 n. Harris- burg, 268 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly loam. Drained by Wyalusing cr. and its tribu- taries. It has 3 stores, cap. $10,200; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 grist m.,9saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $17,700. 11 sch. 185 scholars. Pop. 1,518. Pike, t.. Brown co., O. It has 2 sch. 70 schol- ars. Pop. 792. Pike t.. Perry co., O. It has 6 stores, cap. i,550 ; 2 tanneries, 1 pottery, 2 flouring m., 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,617. 7 sch. 225 scholars. Pop. 1,668. Pike, t., Clarke co., O. It contains North- ampton v., and has 11 sch. 596 schl's. Pop. 1,4.36. Pike, t., Coshocton co., O. It contains West Carlisle v. It has 1 store, cap. $1,400; 1 tan- nery, 1 flouring m., 1 grist ,m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $700. Pop. I,tl5. Pike, t., Knox co., O. It contains Amity v. It has 7 sch. 291 scholars. Pop. 1,248. Pike, t., Madison co., O. It has 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,750. 6 sch. 104 scholars. Pop. 5 ;9. Pike, t.. Stark co., O. It has 1 sch. 35 schol- ars. Pop. 1,409. Pike Run, p t., Washington co,. Pa., 18 s. E. Washington b., 194 vv. Harrisburg, 210 W. Wa- tered by Pike run, and Little Pike run, which flow into Monongahela r. At their junction with the r., is Greenfield v. The national road runs on its e. border, on which are Centreville and Bealsville villages. It has 6 stores, cap. $3,500 ; 1 distillery, 1 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $18,5i)0. 2 sch. 58 scholars. Pop. 2,187. Pike Run, p-o., Ross co., O. Piketon, p v., capital of Pike co., O., 19 s. Chilicothe, 64 s. Columbus, 398 W. Situated on the E. side of Scioto r. It contains a court house, jail, 6 stores, 1 tannery, and about 80 dwellings. FiKETON, p-v., capital of Pike co., Ky., 173 e. s. E. Frankfort, 433 VV. Situated on the w. fork of Sandy r. It contains a court house, 20 dwell- ingp, and 92 inhabitants. PiKETON, p-v., Marion co., la., 9 n. w. Indiaii- apolis, 580 W. PIN 532 PIN Pike Township, p-o., Pike t., Berks co., Pa., 68 E. Harri:sburg, 161 W. PiKEviLi.E, p-v., Baltimore co., Md., 8 n. w. Baltimore, 3S n. Annapolis, 48 W. Situated on tlie E. side of Patapsco r. It contains a United States arsenal. An academy, and 200 inhab. PiKEviLLE, p-v., capital of Marion co., Ala., 68 N. N. w. Tuscaloosa, 839 W. Situated 3 in.s. E. of the Buttahatchee r., and contains a court house, and a few dwellings. PiKEViLLE, p-v., capital ofBledsoe co., Tenn., 112 E. s. E. Nashville, 588 W. Situated on ele- vated ground, a little w. of Sequatcliy r., a branch of Tennessee r. It contains a court liouse, and about 150 inhabilants. FiLATKA, p-v., St. Johns CO., Flor. Situated on the w. side of St. Johns r. PiLfcHER, p-o., Belmont co., O., 126 e. Colum- bus, 293 W. Piles Grove, t, Salem co., N. J., 10 n. e. Sa- lem. The surface is level ; soil, stiff clay and deep loam, and well cullivateil. Drained by Sa- lem cr., which affords water povver. It contains 3 churches — 1 Friends, 1 3Iethodist, 1 African Methodist. It has 10 stores, cap. §19,600; 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. .$49,310. 8 sch. 312 scholars. Pop. 2,477. Pillar Point, p-o., Brovvnville t., Jefferson CO., N. Y. Pilot Grove, p-o.. Cooper co., Mo., 62 w. by N. Jefferson City, 976 W. PiNCKNEY, t., Lewis CO., N. Y., 16 n. w. Martinsburg, 156 n. w. Albany. The surface is level ; soil, a fertile sandy and clay loam. Drain- ed by Deer r. and Sandy cr. It has 4 saw ni. Cap. in manufac. $200. 11 sch. 372 scholars. Pop. 907. PiNCKNEV, p-v., Rutherford co., N. C, 226 w. by s. Raleigh, 457 W. PiNCKNEV, p-v., Williamson co.. Term., 28 s. Nashville, 705 W. Situated on the w. side of Harpeth r., a branch of Cumberland r. PiNCKNEV, p-v., Warren co.. Mo., 61 e. n. e. Jefferson City, 8-i5 W. Situated on the n. side of Missouri r. Pop. of the t. 424. PiNCKNEY, p-o., Livmgston CO., Mich., 54 w. by N. Detroit, 547 W. PiNCKNEYViLLE, p-v.. Union dist., S. C, 79 n. w. Columbus, 449 W. Situated on the w. side of Broad r. Pincknevville, p-v., Gwiiniett co., Ga., 96 .\. w. ftlilledgeville, 667 W. Situated a little s. E. of Chaltahooche r. Pincknevville, p-v., Tallapoosa co., Ala. PlN^KNEYVILLE, p-V., Wilklllson CO., 3Iiss., 150 s. w. Jackson, 1,160 W. Situated near the R, v/. border of tlie stale, and contains 2 stores, and several dwellings. Pincknevville, p-v., capital of Perry co., 111., 134 s. Springfield, 8:j9 W. Situated o!i the w. side of Big Beaycqup creek, at the head of Four Mile prairie, and contains 5 .stores and 20 dwell- ings, and 62 inhabitaijls. PiNDERTowN, p-v., Lee co., Ga., 113 s. s, w. Milledgeville, 775 W. Situated on the w. tide of Flint r. Pine, p-o., Vienna t., Ojj^d* co., N. Y., 117 W. i>. w. Albany, 387 W. Piisa, t., Alleghany co., P;i., 11 jr. Pittsbi^rg. The eurlflce is hilly ; soil, loam. Drained .by branches o/ Alleghany r. It has 1 store, capital $500. 2 fulling m., 3 tanneries, ,5 grjst m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,200. 9 sch. 312 schol- ars. Pop. 1,770, Pine, t., Armstrong co., Pa. Bounded w. by Alleghany r.j by brauches of which it is draiaed. It has 2 fulUng m., 1 tannery, 1 di.stillery, 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,700. 1 acad. 26 students. Pop. 1,227. Pine Bluff, p-o., Copiah co., 3Iiss., 49 s. ». w. Jackson, 1,064 W. Pine Bluff, p-o., Pulaslu co., Mo., 82 s. Jef- fer.'ion City, 973 W. Pine Bluff, p-v., capital of Jefferson co., Ark., 28 s. s. e. Little Rock, 1,113 W. Situated on the s. side of Arkansas r. It contains a court hotise, several stores, and about 200 inhabitants. Pine Brook, p-v., Hanover t., Morris co., N. J., 63 N.Trenton, 231 W. Pine Creek, t., Clinton CO., Pa. It has 1 flour- ing m., 1 gri.'^t m. Cap. in manufac. $13,000. 1 acad. 25 students, 2 sch. 62 scholars. Pop. 572. Pine, cr.. Pa., rises in Potter co., and flows into the w. branch of Susquehanna r. It is naviga- ble to the line of Potter co., 60 ms. A vast quan- tity of lumber pas^^es down it annually. Pine Cheek, p-o., Tioga co.. Pa., 157 n. by w. Horrisburg, 271 W. Pine Creek, t., Jefferson co.. Pa. It has 1 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,300. Pop. 628. Pine Creek, p-o., Lewis co., Va., 323 w. N. w. Richmond, 296 W. Pine Grove, p-o., Tyrone t., Steuben co., N. Y., 198 w. by 3. Albany, 306 W. Pine Grove, t., Venango co.. Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $7,000; 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. ill manufac. $2,900. 2 sch. 32 scholars. Pop. 593. Pine Grove, p-t., Schuylkill co., Pa., 43 n. e. Harrisburg, 153 VV. The surface is mountainous. Watered by Swatara creek, along which runs a navigable feeder of the Union canal. A dam across the cr., in a gorge of Blue mountain, forms a pond, covering 7 or 800 acres, and which sets up 6 ms. Along this pond is a tow-path, and 4 ms. beyond it, a canal to Pine Grove v. ; and along Swatara cr. a railroad extends 3s ms. fur- ther into the coal region. The v., situated on Swatara cr., has several streets, 6 stores, and about ti'O dwellings. It contains a spacious basin ibr canal-boats. The t. has 6 stores, cap. $24,300 ; 2 furnaces, 1 forge, 3 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,300. 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 1,605. Pine Grove, p-o., Tyler co., Va., 328 n. w. Richmond, 296 W. Pine Grove, p-o., Macon co., Ala., 143 s. e. Tuscaloosa, 8i)4 W. Pine Grove, p-o., St. Tammany par., La., 51 N. New Orleans, 1,153 W. Pine Grove, p-o., Springfield t., Gallia co., O., 97 s. E. Columbus, 369 W Pine (Jrove Mills, po., Centre co., Pa., 90 N. w. Harrisburg, 181 W. Pine Hill, p o., Washington co., R. I., 22 Providence, 3-!6 W. Pine Hill, po., Shandaken t., Ulster co., N. Y., 75 s. w. Albany, 349 W. Pine Hill, v., Elba I., Genesee co., N. Y. It contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — 3 stores, 1 tannery, 30 dwell- iiiirs, and about 200 inhabitants. I'lNE Hill, p-o., Wilcox co., Ala., 102 s. Tus- caloosa, 894 W. Pine Hill, p-o., Oakland co., Mich. Pine Lake, po., Talbot co., Ga., 130 w. s. w -Milledgeville, 782 VV. Pine Level, po., Fluvanna co., Va. Pive Level, p-o., Montgomery co., Ala., 141 s. E, Tuscaloosa, 852 W. Pine Lick, p-o., Clarke co., la., 94 s. s. E. In diaiiapolis, 594 W PTQ 533 PIT Pine Log, p-o., Cass co., Ga., 156 n. w. Mil- kdgeville, 647 W. Pine Orchard. (See Cattskill.) Pine Plains, p-t., Dutchess co., N. Y., 25 n. E. Pouglikeepsie, 62 s. Albany, 327 W. The surface has high hills on the e. and w., with a fertile intervening plain ; soil, sandy and gravelly ioam. It has several ponds, from one of which flows Wappinger's creek. Drained also by Chi- comico creek, a tributary of RoelifF Jansen's cr. The V. contains 1 Presbyterian church, 4 stores, 40 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. §18,100; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $28,900. 1 sell. 18 scholars. Pop. 1,334. Pine Run, p-o., Genesee co., Mich., 72 n. w. Detroit, 596 W. Pine's Bridge, p-o., Yorktown t., Westchester CO., N. Y., 123 s. Albany, 265 W. " Pine Street, p-o., Clearfield co.. Pa., 159 n. w. Harrisburg, 242 W. PiNEviLLE, p-o., Steuben co., N. Y., 220 w, by s. Albany, 305 W. PiNEviLLE, p-v., Bucks CO., Pa., 7 e. by s. Doylestown, 108 e. Harrisburg, 163 W. It con- tains about 5 dwellings. PiNEviLLE, p-v., Charleston dist., S. C, 130 s. E. Columbia, 518 W. Situated on the s. side of the Santee r. PiNEviLLE, p-v., Marion co., Ga. PiNEviLLE, p-v., Marengo co., Ala., 110 s. s. w. Tuscaloosa, 922 W. Situated near the s. line of the CO., a little e. of Tombigbee r. Pine Woods, p-o., Sevier co,, Ark., 131 w. s. w. Little Rock, 1,196 W. Piny, p-o., Armstrong co., Pa., 185 w. n. w. Harrisburg, 274 W. Piny Creek, p-o., Carroll co., Md. Piny Grove, p-o.,Williamsburgdist., S.C, 124 E. by s. Columbia, 484 W. Piny River, p-o., Dickson co., Tenn., 52 w. Nashville, 736 W. Pingreeville, p-v., Littleton t., Grafton co., N. H., 89 N. w. Concord, 550 W. Situated on the E. side of Connecticut r. PiNKSviLLE, p-v., Armstrong co., Pa., 197 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 254 W. PiNKNEY, t., Calhoun CO., Mich. It has 4 sch. 28 scholars. Pop. 201. Pinkham's Grant, p-t., Coos co., N. H., 92 n. Concord, 578 W. It has 2 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac .$1,700. 1 sch. 12 scholars. Pop. 39. PiNTLALA, r., Ala., rises in Montgomery co., and running on the e. border of the co., enters Alabama r., on its s. side. PiNTLALA, p-o., Montgomery co., Ala., 125 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 852 W. Situated on Pintlala cr., on the w. border of the co. PiNas, p-o., Jackson co.. 111., 90 s. Springfield, 813 W. Pioneer Mills, p-o., Cabarrus co., N. C, 155 w. by s. Raleigh, 392 W. Pipe Creek, p-o., Beaufort dist., S. C, 149 s. Columbia, 655 W. Pipe Creek, p-o., Madison co., la., 41 n. e. Indianapolis, 563 W. PiPERViLLE, p-o., Jefferson co.. Wis. PiQUA, p-v., 3Iiami co., O., 73 w. Columbus, 467 W. Situated on the s. w. side of Miami r., on the line of the Miami canal. Its streets are spacious and regularly laid out. It contains 5 churches, a market, 16 stores, 4 saw m., 2 grist va., a printing office issuing a weekly newspaper, 250 dwellings, mostly of brick, and handsome. Tlie waste water of the canal affords water povvef. It has 5 sch. 169 scholars. Pop. 1,431. PiQUEA, p-v., Lancaster co., Pa., 54 s. e. Har- risburg, 129 W. PiaCATAQUA, r., N. H., rises in Wakefield t., and running s. s. e. about 'M) ms. falls into the Atlantic below Portsmoutli, where it forms one of the best harbors in the U. States. Through its whole course it constitutes the boundary be- tween N. H. and Me. From its source to Ber- wick lower falls it is called Salmon Falls r. ; thence to its junction with Cocheco r, Nevvieha- wannoc ; and thence to the ocean, Piscataqua. Through Great Bay, which enters it on the s., it receives Lamprey, Exeter, and several other streams from the s. and w. It is navigable, with its tributaries, for sloops to South Berwick, Do- ver, New Market, Durham, and Exeter. Great Bay unites with the Piscataqua at Hilton's point, 5 ms. above Portsmouth, and is, in some places, 4 miles wide. The tide flows up the r. at Ports- mouth with a strong current, which prevents the harbor from being much obstructed by ice. PisCATAauis, r., Me., a large western branch of Penobscot r., which rises in the elevated land between Penobscot and Kennebec rivers, and flovi'ing E. about 65 ms., enters the Penobscot 25 ms. below the junction of Mattawamkeag r. Piscataquis, county, INIe. Situated in the iv. part of the state, extending to the Canada line, contains a great amount of territory, most of which is a wilderness, the s. part only being settled. It contains a great number of lakes, the principal of which are Moose Head, on its w. bor- der, Chesuncook, and Peraadumcook. Drained by the Penobscot, Piscataquis, Sebec, and Pleas- ant rivers, which aflford extensive water power. It contains Katahdin mountain, and some other less elevated summits. Organized in 183S. It has much good land in the neighborhood of Pis- cataquis r. Capital, Dover. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,642, sheep 17,830, swine 4,720 ; wheat 59,298 bush, produced, rye 2,769, Ind. corn 12,583, buckwheat 987, barley 4,229, oats 57,675, potatoes 445,576, sugar 8,454 pounds ; 10 stores, cap. §15,400 ; 3 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 9 tanneries, 3 flouring m., 19 grist m., 31 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $34,450. 1 acad. 100 students, 143 sch. 5,578 scholars. Pop. 13,13S. PiscATAauoG, r., N. H., a branch of the Mer- rimac r., which it enters at a v. of its own name, on its w. side. PiscATAWAY, t., Middlesex co., N. J., 5 n. New Brunswick. Watered by Amherst and Cedar brooks, tributaries of Green brook. The surface is level ; soil, loam, clay, and red shale, and gen- erally well cultivated. It contains several vs The V. of the same name contains an Episcopal church, 1 store, and about 12 dwellings. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. $12,200; 2 tanneries, 5i grist m., 3 sav\' m. Cap. in manufac. $30,850. 8 sch. 222 scholars. Pop. 2,82S. PisCATAWAY, p-v., Prince George's co., Md., 56 s. w. Annapolis, 16 W. Situated on Piscata- way r., a branch of Potomac r. PtsECO, lake. Arietta t., Hamilton co., N. Y , is 6 ms. long and 2 wide, abounding with excel- lent trout. Its outlet forms the w. branch of Sacondaga r., a tributary of Hudson r. PiSECo, p-v., Arietta t., Hamilton co., N. Y. Situated at the n. end of Piseco lake. It con- tains 2 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw in., 1 machine shop, 15 dwellings, and about 100 inhabitants. PisGAH, p-o.. Cole CO., Mo., 33 w. n. w. Jeffer- son City, 969 W. Pistol Creek, p-o., Wilkes co., Ga., 94 n. e. Milledgeville, 565 W. PiTCAiRN, p-t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 30 s PIT 534 PIT Canton, 171 n. n. w. Albany, 470 W. The sur- fare is gently uneven ; soil, clay loam, well adapted to grass. Drained by the s. w. branch of Oswegatchie r. It has 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $500. 2 sell. 42 scholars. Pop. 3l)fi. Pitcher, p-t., Chenango co., N. Y., 16 w. Norwich, 127 w. s. w. Albany. The surface is hilly ; soil, argillaceous loam. Drained by Os- telic r. and its Iribularies. The v. is siinated on Ostelic cr., and contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Baptist church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 tannery, 1 clothier's works, 40 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. ,$7,000 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $8,300. 1 acad. 26 students, 16 sch. 571 scholars. Pop. 1,562. Pitcher Springs, p-v., Pitcher t., Chenango CO., N. Y., 126 w. Albany, 332 W. It contains a store, an academy, about 30 dwellings, and 2 or 3 sulphur springs of some celebrity. Pitch Landing, p-v., Hertford co", N. C, 165 E. N. E. Raleigh, 237 VV. Situated on the w. side of Piney cr., a branch of Wickocon cr., which flows into Chowan r. Pitt, county, N. C. Situated toward the e. part of the state, and contains 8(X) sq. ms. Neuse r. runs on its s. e. border. Drained by Tar r. ('apital, Greenville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,984, sheep 4,36'J, swine 31,037; wheat y,751 bush, produced, rye 2,57t), Ind. corn 376,455, oats 6,424, potatoes 73,316, cotton 510,259 pounds, 15 commission houses and 9 stores, cap. $66,080; 14 distilleries, 1 (louring m., 6 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,500. 1 acad. 30 students, 4 sch. 63 scholars. Pop. whiles 6,128, slaves 5,648, free col'd 30; total, 11,806. Pitt, t., Alleghany co., Pa. Alleghany r. bounds it on the n., and Monongahela r. on the s. and w. The city of Pittsburg lies on its n. w. boundary. It contains the villages of East Liber- ty and Lawrenceville. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam. Coal is abundant. It has 17 stores, cap. $12,200; 1 furnace, 1 forge, 5 tanneries, 4 glass house.s, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufactures, $273,195. 1 acad. 20 students, 10 sch. 961 schol- ars. Pop. 6,002. Pitt, t., Crawford co., O. It contains Little Sandusky v. It has 3 sch. 124 scholars. Pop. 424. Pittman.?, p-o., Monroe co., Ga., 62 w. Mil- ledgeville, 684 W. Pittsborough, p-v., capital of Chatham co., N. C., 34 w. by s. Raleigh, 322 W. Situated on Robinson's cr. It contains a court house, jail, I Episcopal and 1 Methodist church, an academy, and about 300 inhabitants. Pittsburg, t., Coos co., N. H. Situated in the N. E. extremity cf the state. It contains Con- necticut lake, and several head branches of Con- necticut r. PiTTSnuRGH, city, port of entry, and capital of Alleghany co.. Pa., is situated at tlie coniluonce of the Alleghany and 3Ionongahela rivers, where they form the Ohio, which is here a quarter of a mile wide. It is in 40° 32' n. lat., and 80° 2' w. Ion., 230 w. N. w. Baltimore, 297 w. by n. Phila- delphia, 200 w. N. w. Ilarrisburg, 226W. Pop. 1810, 4,768; 1820, 7,218; 1830, 12,542; 1S4(), 21,115, being the second city in population in the state, and the 13ih in the United States. It is built on a beautiful jjlain between the two rivers, in the form of a triangle. About a mile back of the point it is encompassed by Grant's, Ayers's, and Quarry hills. It is compactly built, with some handsome buildings, generally of brick ; but a dingv appearance is given to them by the dust of the bituminous coal, so extensively used in manufactures and otherwise. The city was first laid out in 1765, on the n. e. bank of the Monongahela, after the plan of Philadelphia, with streets running parallel with the river, and crossed by others at right angles. The streets on the Alleghany al.so run parallel with the river, and are crossed by streets at right angles ; and the cross streets meet each other obliquely, a few streets back from the r. 3 bridges cross the Alleghanv, and 2 cross the Monongahela r., 1 of the fonner cost $96,000, and 1 of the latter $102,000. The Pennsylvania canal crosses the Alleghany r. in an aqueduct, and several ferries cross the 3Ionongaliela. The harbor of Pitts- burgh is chiefly on the Monongahela, where the water is deeper than in the Alleghany. There are 89 steamboats, averaging over 125 tons burden, owned wholly or in part in the district of Pitts- burgh. The bills with which Pittsburgh is sur- rounded are filled with bituminous coal, which is inexhaustible, and affijrds great aid to its manu- factures. There are 35 churches — 5 Presbyterian, 1 Reformed do., 4 Methodist, 1 Protestant do., 1 Cumberland Presbyterian, 3 Baptist, 2 F>piscopal, 5 Scots Presbyterian, 2 Lutheran, 2 Congrega- tional, 3 Welsh Methodist, 1 Unitarian, 1 Disci- ples, 3 Roman Catholic, and 1 African. There are four hanks, with an aggregate capital of $3,000,000, besides a bank for savings, and 2 in- surance oflSces, with a total capital of $500,000. Among the public buildings of Pittsburgh, the new Court Ilouse, situated on Grant's lull, is a splendid edifice, 165 feet long and 100 feet broad, of Grecian Doric architecture, in a very commanding situation, and cost $200,000. The building of the Western University of Pennsylva- nia is also near Grant's hill, on the Monongahela side of the city. There is a spacious Roman Catholic cathedral on Grant's hill. There are a museum, which contains many aboriginal curios- ities, and several splendid hotels. There are several literary societies, with small libraries, which would probably be more efficient, if united in one large institution. There are three market houses. 'Fhe city is supplied with water raised from the Alleghany r., a very pure stream, by steam power, which supplies 3,000,000 gallons daily, and is sent over the city in pipes, in the whole 9j miles in length, and has been further ex- tended, and which cost $250,000. Pittsburgh is alike distinguished for its commerce and manu- factures. Tonnage in 1840, 12,0(X). It had in 1840, 7 commercial and '.ii commission houses, with a cap. of $1,241,110; 408 retail stores, cap $4,165,190; 17 lumber yards, cap. $167,000; '.^5 furnaces, 5 forges, cap. $1,219,000, value of ma- chinery manufactured ,$413,500; hardware and cutlery, &c., $276,500 ; 5 cannon and 1,350 small- arms manufactured; precious metals, $14,860; various metals, $196,700; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, cap. $10,000; 2 cotton fac. \vith 3.000 sp., 4 tanneries, 5 breweries ; paints and drugs, cap. $203,300 ; 4 glass fac, 2 glass cutting estab., 2 llotiring m., 5 saw m., 1 oil m., 18 printing oflices, 7 binderies, 4 daily, 11 weekly newspapers; 53 brick and stone houses, and 15 wooden houses built, cost$161,200. Cap. in manufac $2,057,952. 1 college, 50 students, 9 acad. 755 students, 13 sch. 2,581 scholars. There are several places in the vicinity of Pittsburgh, which, though under different organ- ization, should be regarded as suburbs of it, the principal of which is Ali.kgiia.vv Citv, on the N. w. side of the Alleghany r. Here are 15 churches — 2 Presbyteriitn, 2 Reformed do., 2 Cumberland do., 2 Metliodist, 1 Protestant do., 1 PIT 535 PIT Baptist, 1 Episcopal, 2 Scots Presbyterian, 1 German Reformed, 1 Disciples. The Western Penitentiary of Pennsylvania is located at this place, and has been erected at great expense. The Western Theological Seminary is also es- tablished here. It occupies a commanding emi- nence, which overlooks the surrounding country. The building is 150 feet long, the centre 4 stories, and the wings 3 stories higli, and it has a respec- table library. Alleghany city presents many a- greeable residences, where persons who do busi- ness in Pittsburgh are pleased to retire from the bustle and .smoke and coal dust of the principal city. It has considerable commercial and manu- facturing business of its own. There were in 1310, 58 stores, cap. $S3,40O ; 9 lumber yards, cap. $50,000; 1 furnace, 1 forge, cap. $218,000; value of hardware and cutlery produced, $50,000 ; 3 cot- ton fac. 14,270 sp., 2 tanneries, 1 brewery, 1 rope- walk. Cap. in manufac. $726,610. 1 theological college, 31 students, 3 academies, 169 students, 12 sch. 709 scholars. Pop. 10,089. Birmingham btn'ough, (po. called Buchan- an,) is anollier important suburb of Pittsburgh. It is on s. side of the Monongahela, about a mile distant from the centre of Pittsburgh, and has a considerable population, and important manufac- tures of glass, iron, &c. It has a Presbyterian and a JMethodist church, and a market house. It is connected to Pittsburgh by a bridge and a fer- ry. There were in 1840, 10 stores, cap. $14,500 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $9,300 ; I forge, 6 glass fac, 4 glass cutting estab., cap. $140,000 ; 1 pottery. Cap. in manufac. $155,750. 4 sch. 115 scholars. Pop. 1,554. The French formerly had a trading post where Pittsburgh stands, denominated Fort Du Quesne. In an attempt to capture this fortress. Gen. Brad- dock was defeated and slain, on the e. bank of the Monongahela, 9 miles from Pittsburgh, and the youthful Washington displayed his bravery and skill, in conducting back the remains of the shattered army. This place came into posses- sion of the British in 1758, by capture from the French ; and by a fortification of some strength, the possession was maintained against a power- ful, attack by the Indians. The magazine of the fort built in 1764, remained entire until very re- cently. It was not until some time after the close of the revolutionary war that Pittsburgh began much to excite the attention of emigrants, and to commence its onward march toward its present distinguished prosperity. Pittsburg, p-v., Carroll co., la., 68 n. n. w. Indianapolis, 626 W. PiTTSBUKG, p-v., Henry co., Ga., 75 w. n. w. Milledgeville, 679 W. Pittsburg, p-v., Johnson co., Ark., 91 n. w. Little Rock, 756 W. Situated on the n. bank of Arkansas r. It contains a court house, 2 stores, and 15 or 20 houses. Pittsfield, p-t., Somerset CO., Me., 43 n. Au- gusta, 63:^ W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Watered by a branch of Sebasticook r. Incorporated in 1819. It has 1 store, cap. $400 ,• 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,500. 10 sch. 393 scholars. Pop. 951. Pittsfield, p-t., Rutland co., Vt., 70 s. s. w. Montpelier, 464 W. The surface is mountain- ous and rough ; soil, adapted to grazing. Water- ed by Tweed r., which flows into White river. Chartered in 1781. It contains a Congregational and a Methodist church. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,210. 5 sch. 216 scholars. Pop. 615. Pittsfield, p-t., Merrimac co., N. H , 15 n. E. Concord, 496 W. The surface is various; soil, fertile. Catamount mountain is in its s. E. part, on which is a considerable pond. Watered by Suncook r., which affords water power. The v. contains an academy, and a number of neat dwellings. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $15,800 ; 1 cotton fac. 4,096 sp., 3 tanneries, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $208,185. 2 aead. 163 students, 11 sch. 461 scholars. Pop. 1,719. PiTTSFiELn, p-t., Berkshire co., Mass., 131 w. Boston, 376 W. The surface is moderately un- even ; soil, a fertile loam. Drained by branches of Housatonic r., whicii afford good water pow- er. The railroad from Boston to Albany passes tJiroiigh it. Agriculture has been greatly im- proved here. The v. near the centre is one of the largest and best built in the co. The houses are generally of wood, neatly painted white, and ornamented with shrubbery. It lies chiefly on two streets crossing each other at right angles, and has a central square of 4 acres, ornamented by a lofty elm tree in the middle, the remains of the original forest. It contains 4 churches — I Congregational, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — a bank, a printing office, a male and a female academy, 350 dwellings, and 2,500 in- habitants. The Berkshire Medical Institution, located here, was founded in 1823, has 5 profes- sors, 74 students, 473 graduates ; and the lectures commence on the first Thursday in September. It is connected with Williams' College, at Wil- liamstown. There are in the t. 1 cotton fac. 1,500 sp., 3 tanneries, 1 brewery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $111,200. 1 acad. 63 students, 15 sch. 696 scholars. Pop. 3,747. Pittsfield, p-t., Otsego co., N. Y., 18 w. Cooperstown, 95 w. Albany, 352 W. The sur- face is hilly, with fertile valleys ; soil, sandy loam. Drained by Unadilla r. and its tributaries It has 2 stores, cap. $2,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 cotton fac. 3,500 sp., 1 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in man- ure. $53,256. 5 sch. 160 scholars. Pop. 1,395. Pittsfield, p-o., Warren co., Pa. Pittsfield, p-t., Lorain co., O., 106 n. n. e. Columbus, 375 W. It has 4 sch. 84 scholars. Pop. 704. Pittsfield, p-t., Washtenaw co., Mich., 35 w. Detroit, 522 W. Pop. 1,151. Pittsfield, p-v., capital of Pike co.. Ill , 70 w. s. w. Springfield, 850 W. Situated on ele- vated ground, midway between the Illinois and Mississippi rivers. It contains a court house, jail, 5 stores, various mechanic shops, and about 201) inhabitants. Pittsford, p-t., Rutland co., Vt., 70 s. w. Montpelier, 464 W. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil, loam with some sand and clay, and fertile, particularly on the streams. Drained by Otter cr. and Furnace r., with its branches, a tributary of Otter cr., which afford water power. Iron ore, a coarse-grained and slightly flexible marble, and oxide of manganese, are found here. Tlie v., near the centre, contains 2 churches, several stores, and about 40 dwellings. The t. contains 3 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Baptist, and 1 3Iethodist. It has 4 stores, cap. $12,000; 2 furnaces, 2 tanneries. Cap. in manufac. $2,200. 18 sch. 650 scholars. Pop. 1,927. Pittsford, p-t., Monroe co., N. Y., 6 e. Roch- ester, 213 w. by N. Albany, 362 W. The surface is undulating; soil, calcareous and argillaceous loam. Drained by Irondiquoit cr. and its tri!>u- taries. The v. is situated on the Erie canal, and the Auburn and Rochester railroad passes through it. it contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist PLA 536 PLA church, 4 stores, 2 forwarding houses, 100 dwell- ings, and about 700 inhabitants. The t. Iiad in IH 10, 3 stores, cap. $33,('0U ; 1 tannery, 1 brew- ery, 1 flouring m. Cap. in manufac. $15,400. ]3 ecn. 593 scholars. I'op. 1,9S3. PiTTSFORD, p-t., Hill.sdale cc, Mifli., 89 w. s. w. Detroifi 521 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. It contains 1 store, cap. §1,800. Pop. 641. PiTT.SGROVE, p-t., Salem CO., N..T., IC E. Salem. The surface is partly undulating and partly level : soil, chiefly sandy or gravelly loam. Drained by branches of Maurice run, and by head wa- ters of Salem and Oklman's creeks. It has sev- eral villages, and contains 1 Presbyterian, 1 Bap- tist, and 1 3Iethodist church. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. .$9,820 ,• 1 woollen fac, 5 grist m , 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,955. 7 sch. 270 scholars. Pop. 2,390. Pitt's Mill.s, p-o., Armstrong cc, Pa., 74 w. by N. Harrisburg, I (15 W. PiTTSTON, p-t., Kennebec co.. Me., 7 s- by K. Augusta, 595 W. Situated on the e. side of Ken- nebec r. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Drained by small tributaries of Kennebec r., which afford water power. Incorporated hi 1779. Lumber is exported to a considerable ex- tent. It has 9 stores, cap. 18,000; 3 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufuc. $75,840. 16 sch. 696 scholars. Pop. 2,460. PiTTSTON Ferry, p-o., Luzerne co., Pa.j 136 N. E. Harrisburg, 240 W. PiTTSTOwN, p-t., Rensselaer co., N. Y., 12 n. E. Troy, 25 .\. e. Albany, 393 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, clay, gravel and loam. Drained by Tomhannock cr. and Iloosic r., which bounds it on the n. The v. contains a Baptist church, 2 stores, and about 20 dwellings. It has 10 stores, cap. $24,800 ; 3 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 3 cot- ton fac. 2,290 sp., 2 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 5 grist m., 13 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $127,600 ; 20 sch. 857 scholars. Pop. 3,784. PiTTSTOWN, p-v., Alexander t., Hunterdon co., N. J., 33 M. N. w. Trenton, 193 W. Situated on a tributary of the s. branch of Raritan r. It con- tains a store, a grist m., and about 20 dwellings. PiTTSYLV.\NiA, coimty, Va. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 891 sq. ms. Staunton r. runs on its .n. border, by branches of which, and by Dan r., and Banister r., it is wa- tered. The soil is generally fertile. Capital, Competition. There were in 1810, neat cattle 19,451, sheep 19,277, swine 42.513 ; wheat 1 12,178 bush, produced, rye 5,747, Ind. corn 679,319, oats 333,763, potatoes 24,499, tobacco 6,438,777 pounds, cotton 18,499; 25 stores, cap. $200,300; 13 tan- neries, 4 distilleries, 4 flouring m., 50 grist m., 37 saw m., 1 printing oflice, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. .$221,690. 4 acad. 195 students, 38 sch. 817 scholars. Pop. whites 14,283, slaves 11,5.58, free col'd 557; total, 26,398. Pittsylvania, C. H., p-v., capital of Pittsyl- vania CO., Va., 162 w. s. w. Richmond, 245 W. This place is called also Competition, and is sit- uated on a branch of Banister r. It contains a court house, jail, 1 Methodist church, 3 stores, 125 dwellings, and about 250 iidiabitants. Plain, t.. Stark co., O. It has 800 scholars in schools. Pop. I,83S. Plain, p-t., Wayne co., O., 92 n. e. Columbus, 349 W. It contaiiis several villages. Pop. 2,134. Plain, t., Franklin co., O. Silualed in the n. E. corner of the co., and has a level surface. It has 2 sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 1,264. Plain, t., St. Francis co.. Ark. Pop. 192. Plain, p-o., Greenville dist., S. C, 95 w. n. w. Columbia, 514 W. Plai.nfield, p t., Sullivan co., .\. H., 62 n. w. Concord, 478 SV. Cotuiecticut r. bounds it on the w., along which are excellent tracts of inter- vale. Queechee falls, in Connecticut r., are op- posite this t., and a bridge crosses the r. Hart's Island, in Connecticut r., containing 19 acres, is in this t. It contains '■ Union Academy," found- ed in 1813, by the bequest of $40,000^ which is designed to aid young men in a preparation for the gospel ministry, and is flourishing. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $9,0i,;0 ; 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 5 saw m., 1 acad. 175 students, 11 sch. 613 scholars. Pop. 1,552. Plainfield, p't., Washington co., Vt., 9 e. by s. Montpelier, 525 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, generally fertile. Watered by Onion r. and its branch. Great Brook, which afford water power. The v., at the junction of these streams, contains 1 Congregational and 1 3Iethodist church. It contains a mineral spring of some note. There are in the t. 2 stores, cap. $5,200 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,450! 4 sch. 133 scholars. Pop. 8S0. Plai.vField, p-t., Hampshire co., Mass., 115 w. Boston, 402 W. The surface is mountainous and rough ; soil, fertile, adapted to grazing. Wa- tered by the head branches of Westfield r., which afford water power. North pond, a mile long and half a mile wide, in its n. part, has its outlet into Deerfield r. The v., at the centre, contains a Congregational church. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $5,500 ; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac, 2 tanneries, 1 grist in., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,650. 1 acad., 6 sch. 311 scholars. Pop. 910. Plainfield, p-t., Windham co., Ct., 45 e. Hartford, 372 W. Bounded on the w. by Quin- nebaug r. Drained by Moosup r., which affords good water power. The surface is level ; soil, a sandy loam. It contains 4 churches — 1 Con- gregational, 2 Baptist, and 1 Friends. The v., at the centre, is on elevated ground, mostly on one extended street, and contains a Congrega- tional church, and an old and flourishing acade- my, foimded in 1783, and a number of neat dwell- ings. Tlie Norwich and Worcester railroad passes through the t., a little w. of the v. There arc in the t. 6 stores, cap. $19,600; 2 woollen fac, 7 cotton fac. 15,900 sp., 1 tannery, 4 grist ra., 5 saw m., 9 oil m. Cap. in manufac $364,000. 12 sch. 692 scholars. Pop. 2,383. Plainfield, p-t., Otsego co., N. Y., 15 n. w. Cooperstown, 84 w. Albany, 373 W. The sur- face is undulating; soil, sandy and calcareous loam, and very fertile. Drained by Unadilla r. and its tributaries. It has 2 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 2 fulling m., 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $15,890. 12 sch. 491 scholars. Pop. 1,450. Plainfield, p-v., Westfield t., Essex co., N. J., 39 n. e. Trenton, 206 W. Situated on Green brook, and contains 5 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, 1 3Iethodist, and 2 Friends, (1 Ortho- dox and 1 Hicksite,) — i stores, several mills and manufactories, an insurance ciimpany, a ladies' library, an apprentices' library, and about 150 dwelling.'s. Plainfield, t., Northampton cw., Pa. Blue mountain crosses its n. part, otherwise it is level ; soil, gravel. Drained by the e. branch of Bush- loll cr. It has 4 stores, cap. $13,300; 2 tanner- ies, 3 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manu- fac $5,500. Pop. 1,501. Plainfield, p-v., Linton t., Coshocton co., O., 81 N. E. Columbus, 329 W. Situated on Will* cr., and contains 1 store, and about 100 hihabit- ants. Plainfield, t., Allegan ca., Mich. It has 1 PLA 537 PLE furnace, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,500. 3 sell. 95 scholars. Pop. 397. Plainfield, p-o., Livingston cc, Mich., 71 w. N. w. Detroit, 557 W. Plainfield, p-t., Hendricks co., la., 15 w. s. W. Indianapolis, 586 W. Plainfield, p-v.. Will cc. 111., 173 n. e. Springfield, 750 W. It has 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist church, 2 stores, cap. $1,000; 1 flour- ing m., 2 saw m. Cap. in nianufac. $9,800. 4 sch. 160 scholars. Pop. 5"25. Plains of Dura, p-o., Sumpter co., Ga., 113 s. w. Milledgeville, 769 W. Plainville, p-o., Farmington t., Hartford co., Ct^ 13 w. by s. Hartford, 326 W. Plainville, p-v., Lysander t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 155 w. by n. Albany, 360 W. It contains 1 cliurch, 1 store, and about 30 dwellings. Plainville, p-o., Exeter t., Luzerne co.. Pa., 119 N. E. Harrisburg, 227 VV. Plainville, p-o., Hamilton co., O., 117 w. s. W. Columbus, 489 W. Plainville, p-o., Allegan co., Mich., 145 w. by N. Detroit, 610 W. Plaisance, p-o., Rapides par., La., 329 n. w. New Orleans, 1,248 W. Plaistow, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H., 37 s. E. Concord, 465 W. The soil is fertile, being a dark loam mixed with clay and gravel. Charter- ed in 1749. It has 1 store, cap. §3,000 ; 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,000. 1 acad. 24 students, 4 sch. 185 scholars. Pop. 626. Planters, t., Phillips co.. Ark. It has 2 grist m., 1 saw m. 1 sch. 27 scholars. Pop. 375. Planters, p-o., Jasper co., Ga., 42 w. n. w. 3Iilledgeville, 649 W. Planters, p-o., Attala cc, Miss., 80 n. e. Jack- son, 975 W. Planter's Hall, p-o., Breckenridge cc, Ky., 122 w. s. w. Frankfort, 664 W. Plantersville, p-v.. Perry co., Ala., 77 s. by E. Tuscaloosa, 824 W. PLAauEMiNE, bayou, an outlet of the Missis- sippi r., 8 ms. below the mouth of the Iberville, 117 ms. above New Orleans, 96 below the efflux of Atchafalaya outlet, into which it at length en- ters. The waters of the Mississippi only flow into it when that river approaches its extreme height. In time of high water it is navigable for vessels and steamboats. PLAauEMiNE, parish. La. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and includes the mouths of the Missis.sippi proper. It contains about 2,500 sq. ms. The surface is low, and its s. part not being elevated more than 10 feet in its highest parts above the level of the Gulf of Mexico, is there- fore liable to submersion. The arable soil, which is extremely productive, is confined wholly to the margin of the r. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,124, sheep 1,832, swine 824; Ind. corn 100,185 bush, produced, rice 985,800 pounds, sugar 10,329,000; 15 stores, cap. $15,550; 1 dis- tillery, 1 brewery. Cap. in manufac. $15,000. 1 college, 38 students. Pop. wliites 1,551, slaves 3,3H5, free col'd 324 ; total 5,060. PLAauEMiNE, p-v., capital of Iberville par.. La,, 112 w. N. w. New Orleans, 1,192 W. Situated on the Mississippi r., on the s. side of Plaquemine bayou, at its efflux from the r. It contains a court house, 15 stores, and about 250 inhabitants. Plateau, t., JefTerson co.. Mo. Pop. 504. Plato, p-o., Amherst t., Lorain cc, O., 123 n. N. E. Columbus, 3S1 W. Platte, r., Indian ter., one of the large tribti- taries of the Missouri, rises by 2 branches in the Rocky mountains, which unite 400 ms. from their source, and after an easterly course in the whole 68 of about 1,600 ms., joins the Missouri 700 ms. from the Mississippi. Its principal tributaries are the Elkhorn, entering it near its mouth, and the Loup fork, 90 ms. above. It is from 1 to 3 ms. broad, and so shallow, that, excepting in floods, it can be forded in almost any place. It is full of islands covered with cotton-wood, willows, and shrubs, and the shifting sands in its bed, together with the rapidity of the current, efTectually prevent navigation. Platte, r.. Little, enters the Missouri from the N., 349 ms. from the Mississippi. Platte, county, Mo. Situated in the N. w. part of the state, and contains 420 sq. re's. The Missouri r. runs on its w. and s. boundary. Wa- tered by Little Platte r. Capital, Platte City, There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,823, sheep 9,339, swine 41,363; wheatf^,616 bush, produced, Ind. corn 456,451, oats 7,117, potatoes V!8,518, to- bacco 19,5 S9 pounds ; 25 stores, cap. $131,350 ; 4 distilleries, 1 pottery, 9 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $25,350. Pop. whites 8,049. slaves 858, free col'd 6 ; total, 8,913. Platte City, p-v., capital of Platte co., Mo, Situated on the \v. side of Little Platte r. It crm- tains a court house, and about 250 inhabitants. Plattekill, p-t., Ulster co., N. Y., 20 s. King- ston, 85 s. s. w. Albany, 295 W. The surface is undulating and hilly ; soil, clay and gravelly loam. Drained by Old Man's Kill, and by tribu- taries of Wallkill r. The v. contains 2 churches, 2 stores, and about 20 dwellings. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $10,000; 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,575. 7 sch. 450 scholars. Pop. 2,125. Pi.atteville, p-v.. Grant CO., Wis., 78 w. s. w, Madison, 910 W. Plattsburg, p-t., capital of Clinton cc, N. Y., 163 N. Albany, 533 \V. The surface is level on the E., hilly and broken on the w. The soil is various, chiefly clay or sandy loam. Watered by Saranac r. The v. is situated on both sides of Saranac r., at its entrance into Cumberland bay, an indentation of Lake Champlain. Incor- porated in 1815. It contains a court hoiise, jail, county clerk's office, 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Jlethodist, and 1 Roman Catholic — • a bank, lyceum, an academy, 30 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 2 cotton fac, 3 woollen fac, 2 saw m., 2 marble m., 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 ma- chine shop, 2 printing offices, 350 dwellings, and about 2,600 inhabitants. The Saranac has here a succession of falls, about 40 feet total descent, which affords extensive water power. It contains a United States military post a little s. of the v. Here a brave defence was made against 14,000 of the best British troops, under Sir George Pre- vost, September 11, 1814, and at the same time the British fleet was captured by Commodore McDonough, in the bay before the v. There are in the t. 45 stores, cap. $18S,130; 4 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 12,000 sp., 1 furnace, 4 forges, 5 tanneries, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers, 1 floiii-ing ra., 3 grist m., 25 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $126,255. 2 acad. Ill students, 19 sch. 646 scholars. Pop. 6,416. Plattsburg, p-v., capital of Clinton co.. Mo., 180 w. N. w. Jefferson City, 1,092 W. Situated on the w. side of Smith's fork of Little Platte r. It contains a court house, jail, 5 stores, and about 300 inhabitants. Plf^asant, t., Warren co.. Pa. It has 3 savir m. Cap. in manufac. $5,500. 3 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 190. Pleasant, t., Hardin co., O. It has 3 stores, cap. $12,000; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw us. Cap. in manufac. $2,200. Pop. 569. PLE 538 PLE Pleasant, t., Franklin co., O. Watered by Big and Fjittle Darby creeks, wliich afford water power. It has 2 sch. 40 scliolars. Pop. 807. Pleasant, t., Knox co., O. Watered by Ver- non r. It contains Gambierv., in which Kenyon college is situated. It has 6 sch. 255 scholars. Pop. 888. Pleasant, t., Putnam co., O. Pop. 328. Pleasant, t., Seneca co., O. Pop. 974. Pleasant, t., Van Wert co., O. Pop. 192. Pleasant, t., Fairfield co., O. Pop. 2,030. Pleasant, t., Madison co., O. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,000. 7 sch. 250 scholars. Pop. 93G. Pleasant, t., Clark co., O. It has 7 sch. 373 scholars. Pop. 1,091. Pleasant, t., Brown co., O. It contains George- town v., the capital of the co. It has 2 sch. 96 scholars. Pop. 1,970. Pleasant, t.. Grant co., la. Pop. 420. Pleasant, t., Hancock co., O. It has 4 sch. 98 scholars. Pop. 252. Pleasant, p-t., Switzerland co., la., 82 s. e. Indianapolis, 549 W. Pop. 1,6G2. Pleasant, t., Wabash co., la. Pop. 531. Pleasant Dale, p-o., Hardin co., O., 68 n. w. Columbus, 439 W. Pleasant Exchange, p-o., Henderson co., Tenn., 103 w. s. w. Nashville, 792 W. Pleasant Flat, p o.. Mason co., Va., 353 w. N. w. Richmond, 372 W. Pleasant Fountain, p-o., Monroe co.,0., 139 E. Columbus, 276 W. Pleasant Gap, p-o., Pittsylvania co., Va., 174 w. s. w. Richmond, 261 W. Pleasant Gap, p-o.. Bates co.. Mo., 133 s. w. Jefferson City, 1,062 W. Pleasant (Jarden, p-o., Burke co., N. C, 222 w. Raleigh, 452 W. Pleasant Grove, p-v., Washington t., Morris CO., N. J., 40 N. Trenton, 215 W. Situated on Schooley's Mountain. It contains a Presbyterian church, 1 store, and a number of dwellings. Pleasant Grove, p-o., Lancaster co.. Pa., 60 E. by s. Harrisburg, 89 W. Pleasant Grove, p-o., Lunenburg co., Va., 88 8. w. Richmond, 190 W. Pleasant Grove, p-o., Orange co., N. C, 64 N. w. Raleigh, 296 W. Pleasant Grove, p-o., Greenville dist., S. C, 116 w. n. vv. Columbia, 489 W. Pleasant Grove, p-o., Pickens co., Ala., 28 w. Tuscaloosa, 846 W. Pleasant Grove, p-o., Maury co., Tenn., 66 6. s. w. Nashville, 726 W. Pleasant Grove, p-o., Ohio co., Ky., 156 w. s. w. Frankfort, 69-t W. Pleasant Grove, p-o., Jefferson co., Iowa. Pleasant Grove, p-o., Washington co., 111., 126 s. by E. Springfield, 801 W. Pleasant Hill, p-o., Newcastle co., Del., 54 N. Dover, 117 W. Pleasant Hill, p-o., Charles co., Md., 66 s. w. Annapolis, 26 W. Pleasant Hill, p-o., Smyth co., Va., 264 w. by s. Richmond, 302 W. Pleasant Hill, p-o., Miami co., O., 84 w. Columbus, 476 W. Pleasant Hill, p-o., Northampton co., N. C, 101 n. e. Raleigh, 108 W. Pleasant Hill, p-o., Lancaster dist., S. C, 61 N. N. e. Columbia, 445 W. Pleasant Hill, p-o., Talbot co., Ga., 92 w. s. w. Milledgeville, 714 W. Pleasant Hill, p-o., Dallas co., Ala., 106 s. by E. Tuscaloosa, 867 W. Pleasant Hill, p-o., Davidson co., Tenn., 7 N. NashvUle, 686 W. Pleasant Hill, p-o., Franklin co.. Ark., 133 w. N. w. Little Rock, 1,198 W. Pleasant Hill, p-o., Montgomery co., la., 53 w. N. w. Indianapolis, 6i!9 W. Pleasant Hill, p-o., Van Buren co., Mo., 135 w. Jefferson City, 1,061 W. Pleasant Hill, p-o., Pike co.. 111., 83 w. s. w. Springfield, 863 W. Pleasant Island, p-o., Independence co., Ark., 112 N. n. e. Little Rock, 1,014 W. Pleasant Lake, N. Y. Situated in Lake Pleasant t., Hamilton co., is 3 ms. long, and from 1 to H wide, and affords fine fish. Pleasant Mills, p-o., Galloway t., Atlantic CO., N. J., 67 s. Trenton, 177 W. It contains 2 stores, a cotton fac. 3,000 sp., a glass fac, and about 30 dwellings. Pleasant Mount, p-o., Wayne co.. Pa., 179 N. E. Harrisburg, 273 W. Pleasant Park, p-o., Carroll co., 3Io., 112 n. w. Jefferson City, 1,000 W. Pleasant Plains, p-o., Clinton t., Dutchess CO., N. Y., 67 s. Albany, 312 W. Pleasant Plains, p-o., Marengo co., Ala., 86 s. by w. Tuscaloosa, 8J8 W. Pleasant Plains, p-o., Scott co., Mo., 240 s. E. Jefferson City, 880 W. Pleasant Prairie, p-o., Racine co., Wis., 106 e. s. e. Madison, 773 W. Pleasant Prairie, p-o., Greene co., Mo., 137 s. s. w. Jefferson city, 1,052 W. Pleasant Ridge, p-o., Hamilton co., O., 112 w. s. w. Columbus, 485 W. Pleasant Ridge, p-o., Clinton co.. 111. Pleasant Ridge, p-o., Greene co., Ala., 42 s. w. Tuscaloosa, 860 W. Pleasant Ridge, p-o., Bracken co., Ky., 66 N. E. Frankfort, 496 W. Pleasant Shade, p-o., Smith co., Tenn., 57 E. by N. Nashville, 643 W. Pleasant Spring, p-o., Kemper co.. Miss., 105 E. N. E. Jackson, 909 W. Pleasant Unity, p-v.. Unity t, Westmore- land CO., Pa., 164 w. Harrisburg, 190 W. Situ- ated on the s. side of Big SewicTily cr., and con- tains 3 stores and about 25 dwellings. Pleasant Vale, p-v., Pike co., 111., 90 w. s. w. Springfield, 873 W. Pleasant Valley, p-v., Litchfield co., Ct., 22 w. Hartford, 316 W. Pleasant Valley, p-t.. Dutchess co., N. Y., 7 N. E. Poughkeepsie, 79 s.' Albany, 306 W. The surface is diversified ; soil, clay, sandy and grav- elly loam, and well cultivated. Drained by Wappinger's cr. The v. is situated on the creek, and contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Meth- odist, and 1 Friends. There are in the t. 9 stores, cap. (§19,400; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 cot- ton fac. 2,956 sp., 4 flouring m., 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $93,290. 5 sch. 202 schol- ars. Pop. 2,219. Pleasant Valley, p-v., Springfield t., Bucks CO., Pa., 103 E. Harrisburg, 182 W. Pleasant Valley, p-o., Livingston co., Mich Pleasant Valley, p-o., Fairfax co., Va., 131 N. by E. Richmond, 31 W. Pleasant Valley, p-o., Lancaster dist., S. C, 94 N. N. E. Columbia, 412 W. Pleasant Valley, p-o., Murray co., Ga., 191 N. w. Milledgeville, 599 VV. Pleasant Valley, p-o., Washington co., Ala., 156 s. s. w. Tuscaloosa, 968 W. Pleasant Valley, p-o., Wayne co., Tenn., 119 s. w. Nashville, 796 W. Pleasant Valley, p-o., Jo-Daviess co.. Ill Pleasant Valley, p-o., Scott co., Iowa. Pleasant View, p-o., Shelby co., la. PLY 539 PLY Pleasant Vip;w, p-o., Darlington dist., S. C, 95 E. N. E. Columbia, 467 W. Pleasant View, p-o., Greene co., Ark. Pleasantville, p-v., Mount Pleasant t.,West- chester co., N. Y., 122 s. Albany, 261 W. It con- tains 1 church, 2 stores, and about 15 dwellings. Pleasantville, p-v., Montgomery t., Mont- gomery CO., Pa., 105 E. Harrisburg, 163 W. Pleasantville, p-v., Rockingham co., N. C, 112 N. w. Raleigh, 300 W. Ple.vsantvtlle, p-v., Hickman co., Tenn., 73 w. s. w. Nashville, 757 W. Pleasantville, p-v.. Pleasant t., Fairfield co., O., 39 s. E. Columbus, 375 W. It contains 1 store, 20 dwellings, and about 100 inhabitants. Pleasureville, p-v., Henry co., Ky., 19 n. w. Frankfort, 561 W. Plessis, p-v., Alexandria t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 189 N. vv. Albany, 441 W. It contains 1 church, 1 store, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., and 1 tannery. Plowden's Mili.s, p-o., Sumpter dist., S. C, 66 E. s. E. Columbia, 502 W. Pluckemin, p-v., Bedminster t., Somerset co., N. J., 37 N. Trenton, 212 W. It contains 2 stores and about 30 dwellings. Plum, t., Venango co., Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 5 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,245. 5 sch. 144 scholars. Pop. 1,174. Plumb, t., Alleghany co., Pa., 14 e. Pittsburgh. Bounded n. by Alleghany r. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam. Watered by Plumb and Tur- tle creeks, and Thompson's run. It has 1 acad. 40 students, 4 sch. 156 scholars. Pop. 1,953. Plumb Brook, p-o., Macomb co., Mich., 25 n. N. E. Detroit, 550 W. Plumb Creek, t., Armstrong co., Pa. It has 5 stores, cap. $15,000; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 7 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $1 1,085. 17 sch. 1,618 scholars. Pop. 2,216. Plumb Creek, p-o., Indiana co.. Pa., 172 vv. N. w. Harrisburg, 225 W. Plum Creek, p-o., Morgan co.. 111., 55 w. s. w. Springfield, 835 W. Plum Island, Southold t., Suffolk co., N. Y. Situated 1 mile e. of Oyster Pond point, on Long Island, from which it is separated by Plum Island Gut. It has a light-house on its w. end. It is 3 ms. long and 1 wide. The surface is very stony, and it has no wood, exceptuig in a small pine swamp. Plumer, p-o., Venango co.. Pa., 223 w. n. w. Harrisburg, 297 W. Plumstead, p-t., Bucks co.. Pa., 30 n. Phila- delphia, 106 e. Harrisburg, 168 W. The surface is iiilly ; soil, sandy loam. Drained by Tohickon and ISeshaminy creeks. It has 8 stores, capital $13,900 ; 1 pottery, 2 grist ra., 1 saw m., 2 oil m. Pop. 1,873. Plunkets Creek, t., Lycoming co.. Pa. It has 1 grist m., 13 sawm. Cap. in manufactures $5,200. 3 sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 277. Plymouth, county, Mass. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains about 600 sq. ms. It is bounded n. and e. by Massachusetts bay. The soil generally is moderately produc- tive, but there is considerable fertile land. Wa- tered by North r. and branches of Taunton r. Iron ore abounds, and is extensively wrought. Cap., Plymouth. There were in 1840, neat cattle 14,663, sheep 12,293, swine 9,779 ; wheat 10,765 bushels produced, rye 25,505, Ind. corn 125,999, barley 5,831, oats 39,100, potatoes 392,8(»2; 9 commercial houses in for. trade, cap. $235,500; 230 stores, cap $403,650; 7 lumber yards, cap. $18,000. Cap. invested in fisherie.s, $775,950 ; salt produced, 14,940 bushels; 11 fui-naces, 16 forges ; value of hardware, cutlery, &c., manu- factured, $1,079,603; 1 fulling m., 4 woollen fac, 14 cotton fac. 47,994 sp., 14 tanneries, 7 rope fac, 1 pottery, 60 grist ni., 103 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 4 weekly newspa- pers. Cap. in manufac. $1,657,265. 12 acad. 699 students, 253 sch. 11,541 scholars. Pop. 47,373. Plymouth, p-t., Penobscot co., Me., 59 n. e. Augusta, 654 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Watered by a branch of Sebasticook r. Incorporated in 1826. It lias 2 stores, cap. $600; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $6,670. 6 sch. 370 scholars. Pop. 843. Plymouth, p-t., semi-capital of Grafton co., N. H., 40 N. Concord, 521 W. The surface is chiefly uneven and mountainous ; soil, tolerably fertile, particularly so along the streams. Pe- migewasset r. runs on its e. border. Watered by Baker's r. The v. contains a court house. Con- gregational church, an academy, and a number of neat dwellings. It has 6 stores, cap. $2,000; 3 tanneries, 3 potteries, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,479. 1 acad. 66 students, 12 sch. 480 scholars. Pop. 1,281. Plymouth, p-t., Windsor co., Vt., 73 s. Mont- pelier, 475 W. The surface is mountanious and broken ; soil, adapied to grazing. Drained by Black r., which affords water power, and branch- es of Queechee r. Limestone and steatite or soapstone are extensively found here. There are 2 considerable caves, which when first dis- covered contained numerous stalactites. The t. contains a Congregational, Methodist, and Christ- ian church. It has 2 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 1 tan- nery, 3 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac $18,045. 16 sch. 477 scholars. Pop. 1,417. Plymouth, p-t., seaport and capital of Ply- mouth CO., Mass., 33 s. e. Boston, 447 W. The soil near the coast is generally good ; the rest is bar- ren, and still remains a forest, mostly pine, with some oak. The t. is of great extent, and contains a large number of ponds. The village is plea- santly situated and well built, chiefly of wood. It contains a court house, jail, 6 churches — 2 Con- gregational, 1 Unitarian, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Universalist — 2 banks, an insurance co., and Pilgrim Hall. The harbor is spacious, but shallow, and about 45 vessels are employed in the cod and mackerel fisheries, and others are employed in the West India and European trade. This is the oldest t. in New England, and was settled on December 22d, 1620, by 101 emigrants, who flen from religious persecution in England, first to Holland, and then to New England. The rock on which they landed was conveyed in 1774 to the centre of the t. The anniversary of the landing is celebrated annually ; and for the ac- commodation of the Pilgrim Society, Pilgrim Hall, a neat building, has been erected. There are in the t. 46 stores, cap. $76,000 : 5 commercial houses, cap. $133,000 ; 4 cotton fac. 40,001 sp., 1 tannery, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspa- pers, 4 grist m., 1 saw m. (^ap. in manufac. $265,400. 2 acad. 123 students, 41 sch. 1,378 scholars. Pop. 5,281. Plymouth, p-t., Litchfield co., Ct., 23 w. Hart- ford, 339 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, gra- velly loam, adapted to grazing. Drained by Naugatuc r.. which affords good water power. The v., at the centre, contains 1 Congregational and 1 Episcopal cliurch, several stores and me- chanic shops, and about 30 dwellings. This t. is celebrated lor its manufacture of clocks. There are in the t.7 stores, cap. $32,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fic. 2,65;> sp., 2 fur- naces, 1 tannery, 2 grist ni., 8 saw m. Cap. in manuf. $8i,400. 13 sch. 500 scholars. Pop. 2,205. POC 540 POI Plymouth, p-t., Chenango co., N. Y., 7 n. w. Norwich, 120 w. Albany, 344 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, a fertile argillaceous loam. Drained by Canasawacta cr. It has 1 store, cap. $2,500 ; 1 fulling m., 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,500. 19 sch. 511 scholars. Pop. 1,625. Plymouth, p-t., Luzerne co.. Pa., 124 n. e. Harrisburg, 228 W. The surface is generally mountainous, but aduiits of cultivation. A part of it lies in the valley of Wyoming, and is very fertile. Drained by Harvey's and Toby's creeks. Coal is abundant. It has 5 stores, cap. $24,000 ; 1 tannery, 5 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,150. 6 sch. 2S2 scholars. Pop. 1,765. Plymouth, t., Montgomery co., Pa., 14 n. n. w. Philadelphia. The surface is rolling; soil, calcareous loam. It abounds with limestone and marble. It is inhabited chiefly by Friends, who have a cliurch near is e. boundary, where are about 15 dwellings and a female boarding school. It has 3 stores, cap. §S,5U0 ; 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $67,425. 5 sch. 3)5 scholars. Pop. 1,417. Ply.mouth, p-v., capital of Washington co., N. C, 162 E. Raleigh, 2:S6 W. Situated on the s. side of Roanoke r., 8 miles from its entrance inlo Albemarle sound. It contains a court house, jail, 1 church, and 77.S inhabitants. Plymouth, t., Ashtabula co., O. It has 2 sdi. 78 scholars. Pop. 705. Plymouth, p-v., capital of Marshall co., la., 115 N. Indianapolis, 634 W. It contains a court house, jail, and a number of dwellings. Plymouth, p-v., Hancock co., ill., 'J3 w. n. w. Springfield, 870 W. Plymouth, p-t., Richland co.. O., 77 n. n. e. Columbus, 389 W. Pop. 1,934. Plymouth, p-t., Wayne co., Mich., 25 s. w. Detroit, 529 W. Drained by head branches of west branch of Rouge r. The v. is situated on the w. branch of liouge r., and contains a Pres- byterian church and 6 storfts. The t. has 9 .stores, cap. $24,000; 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 6 flouring m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $62,800. 12 sch. 546 scholars. Pop. 2,163. Ply.mouth, p-v., Lowndes co.. Miss., 147 n. e. Jackson, 890 W. Plymouth Hollow, p-v., Plymouth t., Litch- field CO., Ct., 25 vv. Hartford, 337 W. It con- tains 1 cotton fac, 2 clock fac, and a number of dwellings. Plympton, p t., Plymouth co., Mass., 41 s. e. Boston, 439 W. Watereii by a branch of Taun- ton r. Incorporated in 1707. It('ontains 1 Con- gregational and 1 Universalist church. It has 3 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 1,000 sp., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manuf $6S,300. 7 sch. 226 scholars. Pup. 834. Poc.4HONTAS, county, Va. Situated a little .\. w. of the centre of the stale, and contains 710 sq. ms. The Alleghany mountains run on its s. e. border. Drained by Greenbrier r. The surface is elevated ai\d very much broken; soil, sterile. Capital, lluniersville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,731, sheep 10,256, swine 4,914; wheat 17,846 bushels produced, rj'e 21,083, Indian corn 41,389, buckwheat 4,63s, oats 50,111, potaiocs 21,040; 3 stores, cap. $12,500; 1 fulling m., 5 tanneries, 8 distilleries, 22 grist ni., 22 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in matmfac. $28,451. 6 sch. 133 schol- ars. Pop. whites 2,684, slaves 219, free col'd 19; total, 2,922. Poc.\HoNT.\s, pv., capital of Randolph co.. Ark., 152 N. N. E. Little Rock, 1,00.) W. Situated on the N. side of Big Black r., and contains a court house, jail, and a few dwellings. PocASSET, p-v., Barnstable co., Jlass., 63 s. E. Boston, 464 W. Pocket, p-o., Moore co., N. C, 51 s. w. Ra- leigh, 339 W. Poco.MOKE, bay and r., 3Id. The river rises in Cypress swamp, on the line between Del. and Md., and proceeds in a southwe.sterly direction, about 70 miles, to Pocomoke bay, a branch of Chesapeake bay. The river is navigable for vessels to Snovvhill. Poco.vA , t., 31onroe co., Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $2,500 ; 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,000. 8 sch. Population 973. PocOT.vLico, r , Va., Kanawha co., (lows s. w. about 60 miles into the Great Kanawha river., about 40 miles from its mcjuth. It is navigable for boats, in high water, 20 or 30 miles. Bitumi- nous coal and iron ore are found near its bor- ders. PocoTALico, p-o., Kanawha co., Va., 321 w. N. w. Richmond, 358 W. Situated on Pocotalico river. Pocotalico, p-v., Beaufort dist., S. C, 125 s. Columbia, 614 W. Situated on the s. w. side of Combahee r. Pokste.nkill, r., N. Y., rises in Rensselaer co., and flows w. into Hudson r., at Troy, and affords good water power. It has falls on the side of iMount Ida, Troy, where is a small manufac- turing V. PoESTENiciLL, p-v.. Sand Lake t., Rensselaer CO., N. Y., 13 E. Albany, 3-(3 W. It contains 1 Lutheran and 1 Dutch Reformed church, 2 stores, 2 fac, I grist m., 1 saw m., 20 dwellings, and about 100 inhabitants. Poi.\DK.\TER, p-o., Marion co., Ga. Poinue.xter's Store, p-o., Louisa co., Va., 59 N. w. Richmond, 13S W. Poinsett, county. Ark. Situated in the n. E. part of the state, and contains 1,350 sq. miles. The St. Francis r. bounds it on the e. Drained by a branch of St. Francis r., St. Francis Bayou, and Laguille r. Capital, Bolivar. There were in 1810, neat cattle 3,681, sheep 344, swine 3,749 ; wheat 2,385 bushels produced, Ind. corn 37,623, potatoes 3,113, tobacco 1,870 pounds, cot- ton 22,729 ; 3 stores, cap. $2,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 12 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $1,900. 4 sch. 76 scholars. Pop whites 1,253, slaves 67; total, 1,320. Poi.nsett, p-o., Franklin co., Ga., 120 n. Mil- ledgeville, 594 W. Poinsett, p-o., Hamilton co., la. Poi.NT Co.MMEiiciAL, p-0., Grecne co., la. Situated at the junction of Eel cr. and White r., and contains 1 store, 1 steam m., and a few dwellings. Point, t., Northumberland co.. Pa. It has 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,565. 3 sch. 150 scholars. Pop. 746. Point Coupee, parish, La. Situated s. e. of the centre of the state, between the Mississippi on the N. E., and the Atchafalaya on the w. Drained by Pcrdouche Bayou. It has False r., proljably a ibrnicr bed of the Mis.sissippi, in its e. part. The surface is level and low, and most of it liable to submersion. The soil, where capable of cultivation, is very ferlile. Capital, Point Coupee. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,983, sheep 5,211, swine 3,000; Ind. corn 93,500 bu^h. produced, potatoes 3,9S5, cotton 6,294,726 pounds, sugar 41 1,000 ; 26 stores, cap. $1 45,00:) ; 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,000. 1 college 51 students. 5 sch. 83 scholars. Pop. whites 2,087, slaves 5,130, free col'd 381 ; total, 7,898. Point Coupee, p-v., capital of Point Coupee POL 541 roM par., La., 140 w. n. w. New Orleans, 1,171 W. Situated on the s. side of the Missi.ssippi, oppoi^ite St. Francisville, and contains a court house and jail. Here commences the levee or embank- ment along the r., which extends to New Orleans. Its inhabitants are chiefly of PVencii descent. Point of Rocks:, p-v., Frederick co., Md., 92 N. w. Annapolis, 60 W. Point Peninsula, p-o., Brown.sville t., Jeffer- son CO., N. Y. Point Pleasant, p-o., Monmouth co., N. J., 53 E. Trenton, 219 W. Point Pleasant, p-v., Tinicum t., Bucks co., Pa., 119 e. Ilarrisburg, 181 W. Situated on Del- aware r., and contains 1 store, and about 10 or 12 dwellings. Point Pleasant, p-v., capital of Mason co., Va., 370 w. n. w. Richmond, 361 W. Situated on the E. side of Ohio r., at the mouth of Great Kanawha r. It contains a court iiouse, jail, 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Point Pleasant, p-v., Monroe t., Clermont co., O., 120 s. w. Columbus, 495 W. Situated on the N. bank of Ohio r., and contains 2 stores, about 30 dwellings, and 180 inhabitants. Point Pleasant, p-o., Tippecanoe co., la., 73 N. w. Indianapolis, 631 W. Point Pleasant, p-o., Scott co., Iowa. Point Pleasant, p-o., Wachita par.. La., 33 N. w. New Orleans, 1,220 W. Point Prairie, p-o., Franklin co., Ark., 130 w. N. w. Little Rock, 1,195 W. Point Republic, p-o.. La Salle co., 111., 116 N. N. E. Springfield, 790 W. Point Remove, p-t,, Conway co.. Ark., 51 n. w. Little Rock, 1,116 W. Pop. 295. PoKAGON, t., Cass CO., Mich. It has 1 tan- nery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,400. 5 sch. 162 scholars. Pop. 516. Poke Run, p-o., Westmoreland co.. Pa., 185 w. Harrisburg, 210 W. Poland, p-t., Cumberland co.. Me., 51 s. w. Augusta, 574 W. Bounded n. by Little Andros- coggin r., issuing from a large pond on its w. border. Incorporated in 1795. The soil is fer- tile, adapted to grain. Its streams afford water power. It contains a small v. of Shakers, who possess 600 acres of finely cultivated land. It has 5 stores, cap. $3,750 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $1,600; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $10,707. 24 sch. 1,052 scholars. Pop. 2,360. Poland, p-v., Russia t., Herkimer co., N. Y., 89 N. w. Albany, 406 W. Situated on West Canada cr., and contains 1 store, 2 cotton fac, 1 flouring m., 2 trip-hammer works and edge tool fac, 30 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. Poland, t., Chautauque co., N. Y., 22 s. e. Mayville, 317 w. by s. Albany. The surface is hilly ; soil, sandy and gravelly loam. Drained by Connewango cr. and Chautauque outlet. It has 2 stores, cap. §5,5 JO; 7 tanneries, 1 grist ra., 15 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $50,:!i00. 10 sch. 400 scholars. Pop. I,0s7. Poland, p-t., Trumbull co., O., 73 n. e. Co- lumbus, 23 1 W. Drained by Mahoning r., which affords water power. Pop. 1,583. Poland Centre, p o., Poland t., Chautauque CO., N. Y. PoLic, county, Tenn. Situated in the s. e. part of the slate, and contains 33J sq. ms. Hiwassee r. runs on its n. boundary, by branches of which it is drained. The surliice is mountainous. Capi- tal, Bentonville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,541, sheep 1.799, svvme 10,899; wheat 8,710 bush, produced, Ind. corn 220,224, oats 24,489, potatoes 5,362, tobacco 3,620 lbs., colloa 14,SS3, sugar 1,(160; 7 stores, cap. $22,000; ] tannery, 4 disiilleries, 6 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manu- fiic. $4,410. 2 sch. 3-! scholars. Pop. whites 3,249, slaves 304, free col'd 17; total, 3,570. Polk, county, 31o. Siiualed s. w. of the cen- tre of state, and contains 760 sq. ms. Drained by Pomme de Terre, and Sac and Niangua rivers, which afford water power. Capital, Bolivar. There were in 1810, neat cattle 11,402, sheep 6,411, swine 30,515; wheat 12,143 bush, pro- duced, Ind. corn 3.t'2,830, oats 19,042, potatoes 17,902, tobacco 25,650 pound.*, cotton 29,823; 14 stores, cap. .$42,680 ; 2 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 10 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,540. 5 sch. 93 scholars. Pop. whites 7,978, slaves 462, free col'd 9; total, 8,449. Pollock's, po., Randolph co.. 111., 131 s Springfield, 841 W. PoLLorsviLLE, pv., Jones co., N. C. Posley's Mills, p o., Monongalia co., "Va.,278 N. w. Richmond, 211 W. PoMARiA, p-o., Newberry dist., S. C, 26 w. N. w. Columbia, 507 W. PoMEROY, p-v., Meigs CO., O., 101 s. E. Colum- bus, 310 W. PoMFRET, p-t., Windsor co., Vt., 49 s. Mont- pelier, 490 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, generally fertile. Queechee r. passes through its s. E., and White r. through its n. w. corner, by small branches of which it is drained. It has a Congregational, a Baptist, and a Methodist church. There are in the t. 2 stores, capital $35,000 ; 3 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 1 saw m., 31 sch. 610 scholars. Population 1,774. PoMFRET, p-t., Windham co., Ct., 41 e. Hart- ford, 377 W. The surface is pleasantly diversi- fied ; soil, deep, strong, and fertile, adapted to grazing. Quinnebaug r. runs on its E. border, by branches of which it is drained. It contains 5 churches — 2 Congregational, 1 Baptist, 1 Episco- pal, and 1 Friends. It has 7 stores, cap. $29,300 ; 3 cotton fac 3,550 sp., 2 tanneries, 5 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $113,575. 1 acad. 35 students, 11 sch. 49:! scholars. Pop. 1,S68. PoMFRET Landing, p-o., Pomfret t., Windham CO., Ct., 43 E. Hartford, 376 W. Pomfret, t., Chautauque co., N. Y., 12 n. E. Mayville, 315 w. Albany. Lake Erie bounds it on the n. The surface is hilly ; soil, a fertile ar- gillaceous, gravelly, and sandy loam. Drained by Cassadaga cr., (lowing s. into Alleghany r., and small streams flowing n. into Lake Erie. It contains Dunkirk v., where the New York and Erie railroad is to terminate. It contains also Van Buren harbor. There are in the t. 5 com- mission houses, cap. $5,000; 28 stores, cai)ital $95,000 ; 4 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 5 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 paper fac, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers, 1 periodical, 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 15 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $152,251. 1 acad. 250 students, 27 sch. 1,411 scholars. Pop. 4,566. Pomme de Terrr, r.. Mo., rises in Greene co. and flows n. into Osage r. PoM.ME de Terre, p-o., Jasper co.. Mo., 172 s. w. Jefferson City, 1,121 W. PoMONKRv, p-o., Charles co., Md., 67 s. w. Annapolis, 27 W. PoMPEY, p-t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 14 s. e. Syracuse, 125 vv. by N. Albany, 337 VV. The surface is hiUv; soil, a fertile sandy and clay loam. Drainediiy Limestone cr. and Toughnio- ga r. It has 10 Sores, cap. $51,000 ; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $43,150. Tacad. 127 students 28 sch. 1,350 scholars. Pop. 4,371. POO 542 POP PoMPEY Centre, po., Pompey t., Onondaga i Poolsville, p-v., Spartanburg dist., Si. C, 107 CO., N. v., H3 w. by N. Albany, 317 W. | .v. w. Columt»ia, 4S0 W. Pompey Hill, v., I'ompey t., Onondatra co., ' Poolsville, p v., De Kalb cc, Ga., 91 n. w N. V. It is on elevated ground, and contains 2 Milledgeville, 6-<6 W. churches, an ac;idemy, 5 stores, 73 dwellings, | Poolsville, p-v., Warren co., la., 83 w.n, w. and about 450 inhabitants. j Indianapolis, 641 W. Po-MPTox, r., N. J., is formed by the junction Pope, county, 111. Situated in the s. e. part of Pequannock, Kingwood, and Ramapo rivers, ' of the state, and contains 576 sq. ms. Ohio r. and dividing Passaic from Morris county, it (lows [ runs on its E. and s. border. Drained by Big Bay, 8 ms. into the Passaic. The Morris canal crosses Lusk's, Great Pierre, and Rock creeks. The sur- it, 2 ms. above its mouth, in a wooden aqueduct, | face is level ; soil, sandy loam, and fertile. Cap- 236 feet long, on 9 stone piers. | ital, Goleonda. There were in 1840, neat cattle PoMPTO.v, p-v., Pequannoc t., Morris co., N. J., 84 N. E. Trenton, 25J W. It contains a Dutch Reformed church, a store, 4 grist m., a furnace, and about 25 dwellinsrs. PoMPTox, t., Passaic cc, N. J., 23 x. w. Hack- ensack. The surface is hilly and mountainous ; soil, clay and loam. Drained by Ringwood r. It has several ponds. Iron ore is found. The 5,936, sheep 5,350, swine 6,041; wheat 1,246 bush, produced, Ind. corn 35,908, oats 6,930, po- tatoes 1,444, tobacco 15,700 pound? ; 6 stores, cap. 85:1,000 ; 2 tanneries, 10 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §3,200. 21 sch. 46S scholars. Pop. 4,094. Pope, county. Ark. Situated toward the n. w. part of the state, and contains 720 sq. ms. Ar- contains a Dutch Reformed church, 3 stores, an I kansas r. runs on its s. border. Drained by small academy, and about 35 dwellings. Tiiere are in i streams flowing into the Arkansas r. It has a the t. 2 stores, cap. 83,000 ; 1 furnace, 8 forges, 3 range of highlands on its x. border. Capital, grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §11,255. sch. 186 scholars. Pop. 1,437. Pond Creek, p-o., Monroe co., Tenn., 166 e. S. E. Nashville, 53J W. PoxDsviLLE, po., Moriah t., Essex co., N. Y., 107 .\. Albany, 4S2 W. PoxDTOwx, p-o.. Sumpter co., Ga., 102 s. w. Milledgeville, 758 W. PoxTCH.vRTR.vi.v, lake. La., 40 ms. long and 25 ms. broad — communicates with Lake 3Iaure- pas on the w., with Lake Borgiie, through the lligolets, on the e., and with .\ew Orleans, on the s., through St. John's bayou and a canal. It is 16 or 18 feet deep in its deepest parts, but near the shore not more than 9 feet. It receives sev- eral considerable rivers on its .x. side, the largest of which are Tangipaha and Tchefuncte. PoxTOTOc, county, Miss. Situated toward the N. E. part of the state, and contains 90J sq. ms. Drained by Tallahatchee r. and its branches, and by branches of the w. fork of Tombi^bee r. Cap- ital, Pontotoc. There were in lS4^neat cattle 6,:io3, sheep 9H2, swine 12,365 ; wheat 8,783 bush produced, Ind. corn 167,845, oats 8,140, potatoes 4,130, cotton 145,953; 7 .stores, cap. 823,900 ; 2 tanneries, 10 grist m., 7 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. .§23,646. 1 acad. 30 students, 3 sch. 86 scholars. Pop. whites 2,895, slaves 1,593, free col'd 3; total 4,491. PoxTOTOc, p-v., capital of Pontotoc co., Miss., 175 X. X. E. Jackson, 8S8 W. It contains a court house, jail, a United States land office, and about 500 inhabitants. PoxTi.\c, p-t., capital of Oakland co , Mich., 25 .X. w. Detroit, 519 W. The v. is situated on Clinton r. It contains a court house, jail, a branch of the University, a Congregational church, a bank, 13 stores, 2 tlouring m., 2 saw m., 1 fulling ra., 1 iron foundry, 2 printing offices, each issuing j -Noiiavvay r. Dover. There were in 1810, neat cattle 6,143, sheep 1,173, swine 10,356; wheat 3,418 bush, produced. Ind. corn 121,874, oats 2,730, potatoes 7,102, tobacco 13,576 pounds, cotton 82,314; 6 stores, cap. $16,450; 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 grist ra., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. 814,650. 4 sch. 78 scholars. Pop. whites 2,626, slaves 2,115, free cold 9 ; total, 2,550. Pope Creek, p-o., 3Iercer co.. 111., 140 n. n. w. Springfield, 870 W. Poplar, p-o., Crawford co., O., 75 n. Colum- bus, 419 W. Poplar Bra.xcii, po., Currituck co.,N. C.,242 E. .X. e. Raleigh, 290 W. Poplar Camp, p-o., Franklin co., Va., 171 w. by s. Richmond, 246 W. Poplar Creek, p o., Roane co., Tenn., 153 e. by s. Na.>-hviile, 534 W. Poplar Flat, p-o., Lewis co., Ky., 97 e. n. e. Frankfort, 476 W. Poplar Grove, p-o., Newberry dist. S. C, 53 w. N. w. Columbia, 491 W. Poplar Grove, p-o., Iredell cc, N. C, 154 w. Raleigh, 391 W. Poplar Grove, p-o., Sussexco., Va., 61 s. s. e. Richmond, 180 \V. Poplar Grove, p-o., Blount co., Ala., 124 n. E. Tuscaloosa, 719 W. Poplar Grove, p-o., Owen co., Ky,, 42 n. Frankfort, 537 W. Poplar Grove, p-o., Gibson cc, Tenn., 144 w. Nashville, 827 W. Poplar Hill, p-o., Giles cc, Va., 234 w. by s. Richmond, 294 W. Poplar Hill, p-o., Anson co., N. C, 151 s. w. Raleigh, 420 W. Poplar 3Iouxt, p-o., Greenville co., Va., 63 s. Rit hmond, 182 W. Situated on the s. side of a weekly newspai)er, and about 1,000 iidiabitants. Popl.\r Plaixs, p-v., Fleming co., Ky., 96 e. A railroad connects it with Detroit. The t. has j by .\. Frankfort, 493 W. It contains 1 3Iethodist 18 stores, cap. 851,200; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 9 sch. 456 scholars. Population 1,904. PoxTiAC, p-v., capital of Livingston co.. 111., 110 .X. N. e. Sprinsifield, 737 W . It contains a court house, jail, and several dwellings. PooLViLLE, p-v., Hamilton t., Madison co., N. Y., 95 w. by x. Albany, 355 W. It contains 2 churches, 3 stores, 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 1 leather fac, 30 dwellings, and about 250 inhabi- tants. Poolsville. p-v., Montgomery co., Md., 73 w. N. w. Annapolis, 33 W. church, and about 30J inhabitants. Poplar Ridge, p-o., Venice t., Cayuga co., N. Y.. 163 w. Albany, 324 W. Poplar Spri.xgs, po., Anne Arundel co., Md., 57 .X. w. Annapolis, 62 VV. Poplar Sprixgs, p-o., Fairfield dist., S. C, 35 X. Columbia, 472 W. Poplar Valley, p-o.. Chambers co., Ala., 164 E. by s. Tuscaloosa, 778 W. Poplix, p t., Rockingham co., N. H., 29 s. E. Concord, 477 W. The surface is gently uneven ; soil, generally fertile. Drained by Exeter r. In- corporated in 1764. It haa 1 store, cap. $1,000; FOR 543 FOR '2 grist m., 3 saw m. 4 sch. 135 scholars. Pop. 429. PoauETANOCK, p-v., Preston t., New London CO., Ct.. 43 s. E. Hartford, 361 W. Situated at the head of a cove, 2 ms. from Tliames r. It has 1 Episcopal church, over the line, in Ledyard, 4 stores, and about 35 dwellings. Ship tiraber is exported. Sloops come, at hitfh water, within half a m. of the v. The inhabitants are e.xten- sively engaged in seafaring business. PoQuoNocK, p-v., Whidsor t., Hartford co., Ct., 10 N. Hartford, 346 W. Situated on the .s. side of Farmington r., and contains a Baptist church, several manufactories and dwellings. Porpoise, cape, York co., Me., forms the harbor of Kennebunk. Portage, r., O., rises in the s. w. corner of Wood CO., and enters Lake Erie at Port Clinton. It affords good water power, and drains the Black swamp, an unhealthy region, but which, if suita- bly drained, which is said to be easy, would make a very fertile country. Portage, county, O. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 500 sq. ms. Drain- ed by Portage r., and branches of Mahoning r. The surface is gently uneven; soil, fertile, adap- ted to grain and to grazing. The Pennsylvania and Ohio canal passes through the co. Capital, Kavenna. There were in 1840, neat cattle 21,922, sheep 28,894, swine 8,550 ; wheat 112,144 bush, produced, rye 9,497, Ind. corn 113,370, buckwheat 6,301, oats 1 19,624, potatoes 1 12,743, sugar 258,038 pounds ; 33 stores, cap. $113,229; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 11 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 pottery, 9 grist m., 41 saw m., 2 printing offices, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $90,069. 2 acad. 101 students, 143 sch. 5,077 scholars. Pop. 22,965. Portage, county. Wis. Situated in the n. part of the ter., and is very extensive and mostly iinsurveyed. It is level in the s., mountainous in the N. Watered by Wisconsin r. and its branches. Capital, Fort Winnebago. There were in 1810, neat cattle 372, swine 127; wheat 1,815 bush, produced, Ind. corn 293, oats 1,018, potatoes 5,539 ; 9 stores, cap. $57,550 ; 14 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $92,500. 1 sch. 19 scholars. Pop. 1,623. Portage, t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 18 n. An- gelica, 247 w. by s. Albany. The surface is elevated and rolling ; soil, fertile, particularly on Genesee r., which flows through it. It contains Genesee Falls, where the r. in the distance of 2 ms. descends 300 feet, creating an immense wa- ter power. The Genesee Valley canal passes through it. It has 18 stores, cap. $40,800; 2 ful- ling m., 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 18 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $47,375. 17 sch. 1,071 scholars. Pop. 4,721. Portage, t., Ottawa co., O. Pop. 347. Portage, p-t.. Wood co., O., Ill n. n. w. Co- lumbus, 467 W. Situated on the s. side of Mau- mee r. Drained by Portage r. The v. is situa- ted on the N. bank of Portage r., which affords water power. It was laid out in 1836, and con- tains 2 stores, various mechanic shops, and a number of dwellings. The t., contains 199 in- habitants. Portage, t., Hancock co., O. It has 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,500. 6 sch. 227 scholars. Pop. 676. Portage, t.. Summit co., O. The surface is uneven ; soil, fertile, adapted to grain. It con- tains a former portage between Cuyahoga and Tuscarawas rivers, which passed through this t., and Coventry s. of it. Akron v., the capital of the CO., lies in its s. e. part. Pop. 718. (For sta- tistics, see Akron.) Portage, p-v., St. Joseph co., la. Drained by St. Joseph's r. The v. is situated on the w. side of St. Joseph's r. Portage, p-t., Kalamazoo co., Blich., 147 w. by . Lake Huron, and contains 12 stores, 1 steam saw m., a steam flouring m., 1 tannery, a printing office, which issues a weekly newspaper Its business is considerable, particularly in lumber. There are in the t. 4 sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 1,1 13. Port Jackson, p-v., Florida t., IMontgomery CO., N. Y., 33 w. N. w. Albany, 400 W. Situated on the s. side of Mohawk r., on the Erie canal, and contains 1 church, 5 stores, 40 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. Port Jefferson, p-v., Brookhaven t., SufTolk CO., N. Y., 202 s. s. E. Albany, 282 W. Situated at the head of Drowned Meadow harbor, and contains 50 dwellings and about 300 inhabitants, employed chiefly in ship building and navigation. Port Jervis, p-v., Deerpark t., Orange co., N, Y., 117 s. s. w. Albany, 264 W. Situated on the N. E. side of Delaware r., on the Delaware and Hudson canal. It contains 2 churches, 4 stores, 1 grist m., 30 dwellings, and about 250 inhabit- ants. Port Kendall, p-o., Kendall t., Orleans co., N. Y. Port Kent, p-v., Chesterfield t., Essex co., N. Y., 12 s. Plattsburg, 151 n. by e. Albany, 526 W. Situated on the w. side of Lake Champlain, ana contains 1 church, 3 stores, 2 warehouses, 30 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. A steam liprry-boat runs between this place and Burling- ton, Vt. Portland, city, port of entry, and capital of Cumberland co., Me., is situated on a peninsula at the western extremity of Casco bay, and is in 43° 39' N. lat., and 7° 20' w. Ion., from Green- wich, and 6° 45' e. from Washington. It is 54 ms. N. N. E. from Portsmouth, 50 s. s. E. Augosta, 1 10 N. N. E. from Boston, 545 n. e. from W. The population in 1800 was 3,677; in 1810, 7,1C9 ; in 1820,11,581; in 1830, 12,601; in 1840, 15,218. Engaged in commerce, 397 ; in manufactures and trades, 1,032; navigating the ocean, 726; in the learned professions, &c., 101. It extends 3 miles from east to west, and has an average \\'idlh of three fourths of a mile. The city pre- sents a beautiful appearance from the sea, as it rises like an amphitheatre between two hills. It is regularly laid out, and handsomely built, and has some fme public buildings, among wliich are POR 545 POR ft court house, a spacious city hall, a jail, and 16 churches. ]t has also a custom house, 6 banks, a theatre, and an atheneum, containing a library of about 4,000 volumes. It has a light-house on a point at the entrance of the harbor, called Port- land Head, which is of stone, 72 feet high, built in 1790. On an eminence, on which Fort Sum- ner formerly stood, there is an observatory, 70 feet high, which commands a fine view of the harbor and its islands; The harbor, which is among the best in the United States, is easy of entrance, spacious, and safe, being protected by islands at its entrance irom the violence of storms. It is rarely obstructed much by ice. It is de- fended on opposite sides of the ship channel by forts Preble and Scammel, on islands a mile and a half from the light-house. It is well situated for trade, having an extensive back country. There vsere in 1840, 40 commercial and 8 com- mission houses, with a cap. of $658,500 ; 256 retail stores, with a cap. of $574,450 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $4,000; fisheries, cap. $11,300; machinery produced, $3,000 ; 1 furnace, cap. $5,000 ; 2 tan- neries, cap. $9,000 ; 2 potteries, cap. $4,000 ; 2 ropewalks, cap. .$18,000 ; 9 printing offices, 5 binderies, 2 daily, 7 weekly, 3 semi- weekly news- papers, and 3 periodicals, employed 94 persons, and a cap. of $34,500. Total capital in manufac. $215,350. 11 acad. and gram. sch. 1,118 students, 32 com. sch. 1,976 scholars. The tonnage of this city in 1840 was 50,135, and that of the coasting trade about 20,000 tons. The principal articles of export are lumber and fish, with beef, bulter, &c. The facilities of communication which this city enjoys have been considerably increased by the Oxford canal, which extends from it 20 miles to Sebago pond; and, by a lock in Son go river, is extended into Brady and Long ponds, 30 miles further. The trade of the city is chiefly with the West Indies and Europe, and its coasting trade primarily, though not exclusively, with Boston. With tlie latter place it is connected by a railroad. Portland was formerly a part of Fal- mouth, and 130 houses, constituting two thirds of the village, were laid in ashes by the British, in October, 1775. It was incorporated with its present name in 1786, and received a city char- ter in 1832. PoRTL.iND, p-t., Middlesex co., Ct., 15 s. Hart- ford, 327 W. Recently taken from the n. part of Chatham. Connecticut r. bounds it on the w. Portland, p-t., Chautauque co., JN. Y., 7 s. Maysville, 332 w. by s. Albany, 352 W. Lake Erie bounds it on the n. The surface is hilly ; soil, argillaceous and sandy loam. Its streams, which are small, flow into Lake Erie. It has a good harbor. It has 2 stores, cap. $9,500 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 grist ra., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,282. 14 sch. 716 scholars. Pop. 2,136. Portland, p-v., Dallas co., Ala., 94 s. s. e. Tuscaloosa, 869 W. Situated on s. side of Ala- bama r. Portland, t., Erie co., O. Situated on the s. shore of Sandusky bay, and contains Sandusky City. It has IS stores, cap. $40,500; 6 commis- sion houses, cap. $35,000 ; 1 printing office, 1 bindery, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 flouring m. Cap. in manufac. $7,000. 4 sch. 200 scholars. Pop. 1,433. Portland, p-t., Ionia co., Mich. 123 w. n. w. Detroit, 617 W. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,800; 1 grist m., 1 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $1,200. 2 sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 511. Portland, p-v., Jefferson co., Ky., 52 w. Frankfort, 598 W. Situated on Oiiio r., iixunedi- ately below Louisville. G9 Portland, p-v.. Fountain co., la., 74 w. n. w* Indianapolis, 645 W. Situated on Wabash r. It contains 1 church, 5 stores, various mechanic shops, and about 200 inhabitants. Portland, p-v., Whitesides co., 111., 177 n. by w. Springfield, 860 W. Portland, p-v.. Van Buren co., Iowa. Portland, p-v., Callaway co.. Mo., 31 e. n. e. Jefferson City, 915 W. Portland Mills, p-o., Putnam co., la., 51 w. Indianapolis, 623 W. Port Leon, p-v., Leon co., Flor., 22 s. Talla- hassee. Situated on the e. side of Wakulla r. It contains 150 buildings, principally warehouses. Port Mahon, p-v., Huntington co., la., 114 n. N. E. Indianapolis, 562 W. Port Ontario, p-v., port of entry, Kirkland t., Oswego CO., N. Y., 170 w. n. w. Albany, 392 W. Situated on Salmon r., at its entrance into the E. end of Lake Ontario. It contains 1 church, 1 store, 3 forwarding houses, 40 dwellings, and about 300 nihabitants. It has a good harbor, protected by a pier, built by the government of the U. S. Port Penn, p-v., Newcastle co., Del., 39 n. Dover, 134 W. Situated on the w. side of Dela- ware r., opposite to Reedy island. Port Republic, p-v., Atlantic co., N. J., 81 s. Trenton, 191 W, Port Republic, p-v., Calvert co., Md., 51 s. by w. Annapolis, 81 W. Port Republic, p-v., Rockingham co., Va., 121 N. w. Richmond, 140 W. Port Royal, p-v., Juniata co.. Pa., 46 w. Har- risburg, 134 W. Port Royal, p-v., Henry co., Ky. Port Royal, p-v., Montgomery co.. Term., 43 N. w. Nashville, 725 W. Port Royal, p-v., Caroline co., Va., 84 n. Rich- mond, 78 W. It contains a church and 50 dwell'ss. Port Sheldon, p-v., Ottowa co., Mich., 200 w. N. w. Detroit, 681 W. Situated on Lake 3Iichigan, at the mouth of Pigeon cr. Portsmouth, p-t., and port of entry in Rock- ingham CO., in N. H., is situated in 43° 5' n. lat., and 70° 45' w. Ion., from Greenwich, and 6° 23' E. Ion. from Washington. It is 14 miles e. n. e. from Exeter, 24 n. from Newburyport, 45 e. s. e. from Concord, 54 s. s. w. from Portland, 54 n. from Bo.ston, and 493 from W. The population in 1810 was 6,931; in 1820,7,327; in 1830,8,082; in 1840, 7,887. It is the largest town and the only seaport in the state, situated on a peninsula on the s. side of the Piscataqua r., 3 ms. from the ocean. The situation is pleasant and healthy, the land rising gradually from the harbor. It is well built, and many of the houses are elegant. It has a fine harbor, with 40 feet of water in the channel at low tide, and is protected by its isl- ands and headlands from storms. The Piscata- qua, oppo.'^ite the t., is from one half to three Iburths of a mile wide; and the tide, which here ri.ses 10 feet, flows with so rapid a current as to keep the harbor Iree from ice. The main chan- nel is on the e. side of Great island, or Newcas- tle, and is defended by Fort Constitution, on Great island, and Fort McClary, in Kiltery, op- posite. Tliere are also Fort Sullivan and Fort Washington on two other islands, vv'hich are not garrisoned in time of peace. There is also an entrance on the s. side of Great island, called Little Harbor, but the water is shallow. There is a light-house on Great island. This island contains 455 acres, and constitutes the t. of New- castle, and it is connected to Portsmouth by a bridge, erected in 1821. Portsmouth is also con- nected to Kiltery by 2 bridges, one of which i» POR 546 POS 1,750, and the other 4S() feet in length. On Na- vy island, which is on the e. side of the r., and within the bovinds of Maine, though it is owned by tlie general government, is a navy yard be- longing to the United Stales, which has every convenience for the construction of vessels of the largest class, (iood water is brought into the town, and distributed through the streets, from the distance of 3 miles, by a company, formed in 17'J9. I'ortsmouth contains much wealth, and has considerable trade, though its back country is somewhat liniitcii. Much of the trade of the state flows to Portland, and more, probably, through the Merriinac river and Middlesex canal to Boston. This will furnish a reason why the population has diiiiini.'-hed during the last 10 years. Among the public buildings are 8 church- es, 7 banking houses, a court house, 2 market houses, an academy, an atheneum, an alms- house, and the state lunatic hospital. The Epis- copal church is a spacious and elegant brick edi- fice, from the cupola of which there is a fine view of the town, the river, the islands, and the sur- rounding country. The Atheneum, a very flour- ishing institution, was incorporated in 1817, and has a library of more than 5,000 volumes, besides cabinets of minerals and of natural history. Ship building and other manufactures are car- ried on to a considerable extent. The cod and other fisheries are actively prosecuted, and Ports- mouth has considerable foreign and coasting trade. The tonnage of the port in 1840 was 27,375. There were in 1840, 18 foreign commer- cial and 6 commission houses, with a capital of $1,251,500; 137 retail stores, with a capital of §•278,500; 6 lumber yards, cap. $11,W)0; fisher- ies, cap. $10,600; 4 furnaces, cap. $16,000; 1 ■woollen factory, cap. $30,000 ; 5 tanneries, cap. $15,700; 2 disulleries, cap. $5,000; 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 1 saw m., total cap. $15,000; 1 ropewalk, cap. .$6,000 ; 3 printing offices, 3 bind- eries, 2 weekly newspapers, employed 18 per- sons, and a cap. of $9,100. Total cap. in manu- fac. $187,101. 3 acad. 188 students, 16 common sch. with 2,222 scholars. This town was first settled in 1623, and was incorporated by charter in 1633. It suffered less than most other places from the attacks of the savages in early times. Surrounded on three sides by water, the neck which connects it with the main land was defended by a stockaded fence, by means of which savage aggression was easily resisted. This place has been at different times severely visited by fires. In December, 1802, 102 buildings were burned ; in December, 1806, 14 buildings, including St. .John's Episco- pal church, were destroyed ; in December, 1813, a more desolating fire swept over 15 acres, de- stroyuig 397 buildings, of which 100 were dwell- ing houses. The parts which were burned in these fires have generally been rebuilt with brick, in an improved Ibrm. Portsmouth, p-t., Newport co., R. I., 7 n. w. Newport, 21 s. e. Providence, 417 W., occupy- ing the N. part of the island of Rhode Island. The surface is moderately elevated ; soil, a fer- tile gravelly and argillaceous loam, adapted to grass and to grain, and well cultivated. Heing surrounded by water on 3 sides, it enjoys great facilities for navigation, and its fisheries are val- uable. Its vessels are chiefly employed in the coasting trade. It contains 2 churches. Coal and plumbago arc found. Several adjoining isl- ands are attached to this t., the largest of uhich is Prudence, 6 miles lone; and three fourths of a mile wide, the soil of which is excellent. Ports- mouth is connected with Tiverton by a bridge, and with Bristol by a ferry. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $15,500; 2 lumber yards, cap $3,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 5 grist ni. Cap. in manufac. $11,925. PoRT.sMouTH, p-v , port of entry, with Norfolk, and capital of Norfolk co., Va., 105 e. s. E. Rich- mond, 213 W. Situated on the w. side of Eliza- beth r., at its mouth, opposite to Norfolk, 1 mile distant, and has one of the best harbors in the U. States. Ships of the largest class come to its wharves. It contains a court house, jail, 5 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 1 3Iethodist, and 1 Roman Catholic — a branch of the Bank of Virginia, a masonic hall, a theatre, a military academy, 50 stores, and 6,500 inhabit- ants. A United States navy yard, dry-dock, and naval hospital, are located at Gosport, a snburb of Portsmouth. By means of the Portsmouth and Roanoke railroad, and the Wilmington railroad, a daily line of communication is formed with Charleston. Portsmouth, p-v., capital of Scioto co., O., 90 s. Columbus, 424 W. Situated on the e. bank of Scioto r., at its entrance into Ohio r^ and at the termination of the Ohio canal. It contains a court house, market house, jail, 3 or 4 churches, a bank, a steam saw m. and grist m., 1 flouring m., 1 rolling and slitting m., 1 nail fac, 1 iron foundry, 1 carding machine, a printing office, 25 or 30 stores, 7 commission warehouses, numer- ous mechanic shops, 200 dwellings, and about 1,5(K) inhabitants. As a place of business, its sit- uation is commanding. Iron ore, mineral coal, and fine building stone, are found abundantly in the vicinity. Portsmouth, p-v., Carteret co., N. C. Situ- ated on the N. end of Core bank, near Ocracoke inlet. Chiefly inhabited by fishermen and pilots. Port Tobacco, p-v., capital of Charles co., Md., 72 s. w. Annapolis, 32 W. Situated at the head of a bay which sets up from Potomac r into which a small r. empties. It contains a cour; house, jail, a church, several stores, 120 dwell- ings, and about 600 inhabitants. Portville, p-t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 24 t Ellicottville, 296 Albany. The surface is broken ; .soil, sandy loam. Drained by Alleghany r. and its branches. It has 1 store, cap. $4,0(.K) ; 1 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,100. 5 sch. ISJ scholars. Pop. 462. Port Washi.ngto.x, p-v., Salem t., Tuscara- was CO., O., 99 E. N. E. Columbus, 318 W. Pleas- antly situated on the Ohio canal, adjoining the Tuscarawas r. It contains 2 or 3 stores, 4 ware- houses, various mechanic shops, 30 dwellings, and about 210 inhabitants. A fine bridge here crosses the Tuscarawas r. Port Willia.m, p-o., Franklin co.. Mo. Posey, county, la. Situated in the s. w. cor- ner of the stale, and contains 450 sq. ms. Ohio r. runs on its s. border, and Wabash r. on its w border. Drained by Big and Flat creeks. The surface is undulating; soil, fertile. Capital, Mount Vernon. There were m 1840, neat cattle 9,973, sheep 9,521, swine 35,818; wheat 55,103 bushels produced, rye 1,821, Indian corn 607,799, barley 1,500, oats 66,157, potatoes 7,811 ; 28 stores, cap $253,500 ; 4 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 7 flouring m., 10 grist m., 9 saw m., 2 printing ofliees, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $99,030. 10 sch. 300 scholars. Pop. 9,6S3. PosEV, t., Clay co., la. It has 5 s'ores, capital $4,^50; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 1 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $4,200. 2 sch. 68 scholars. Pop. 1,201. Posey, t., Harrison co., la. It has 3 flouring m., 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 academy 90 students Pop. 1,374. POT 547 POT PosET, t, Fayette co., la. It has 2 schools 46 scholars. Pop. 1,113. Posey, t., Rush co., la. It has 2 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 735. PosEv, t., Washington co., ta. It has 8 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 1 flouring m., 1 grist m. 1 saw m., 4 sch. 90 scholars. Pop. 1,591. Posey, t., Switzerland co., la. It has 145 scholars in schools. Fop. 2,103. Post MrLLs Village, pv., Orange co., Vt., 33 s. by E. Montpelier, 503 W. Post Oak Springs, p-o., Roane co., Tenn., 136 E. by s. iNashville, 545 W. Posts Corners, p-o., Southport t., Chemung CO., N. Y., 201 w. s. w. Albany, 277 W. PosTsviLLK, p-v., Jefferson co., Va. PosTViLLE, p-v., Russia t., Herkimer Co., N. Y., 98 N. w. Albany, 413 W. It contains 1 store, 2 saw m., 1 tannery, and about 20 dwellings. PosTviLLE, p-v., capital of Logan co.. 111., 39 N. E. Springfield. Situated on the .\. side of Salt cr., a branch of Sangamon r., and contains a court house, 3 stores, and several dwellings. PoTEAiT, r., Ark., rises in Scott co., and run- ning N., chiefly in the Indian ter., enters Arkan- sas r. at Port Smith. PoTECusE, p-o., Northampton co., N. C, 155 N. E. Raleigh, 224 W. Potomac, r., Md. and Va., rises in 2 branches, the N. and the s , in and near the Alleghany moun- tains, and forms, through nearly its whole course, the boundary between Virginia and Maryland. It is 550 miles long, and enters Chesapeake bay between Point Lookout and Smith's point, by a mouth 10 miles wide. At Alexandria it is I mile and a quarter wide, 290 miles from the ocean. It is navigable for ships of the line to the navy- yard in Washington, 300 miles from the sea, and 3 miles below the head of tide wate."-. Above this it is obstructed by numerous falls and rapids. Little falls are 3 miles above Washington, with a descent of 37 feet, around which is a canal, 2i miles long with 3 locks. Great falls are Si miles above this, and descend perpendicularly 76 feet, around which is a canal of 5 locks. Six miles above are Seneca falls, v^'ith a descent of 10 feet. Shenandoah falls, 60 miles above, are at the pas- sage of the river tlirough the Blue Ridge. Houre's falls are 5 miles above. Canals have been con- structed around all these falls. IVom the mouth of Savage river, which enters the Potomac at Westport, to Cumberland, 31 miles, the fall is 445 feet ; from Cumberland to thp Shenandoah falls, 130 miles, the fall is 490 feet ; at the She- nandoah the fall is 43 feet in 5h miles ; from the Shenandoah to Great falls, 40 miles, 39 feet ; and thence to tidewater 12 miles, 143 feet. The whole descent from the mouth of Savage river to tidewater, 219 miles, is 1,160 feet. The princi- pal places on the e. side of the river are George- town, Washington, Port Tobacco, and Leonard Town ; on the w. side. Harper's Ferry and Alex- andria. Its principal tributary is the Shenandoah, 200 miles long, and navigable 100 miles, which enters it on the s. side from Virginia, immediately before its passage through the Blue Ridge. Tliis passage is a great curiosily. Of it Mr. Jefferson says, " the passage of the Potomac through the Blue Ridge is, perhaps, one of the most stupen- dous scenes in nature. You stand on a very high point of land. On your right comes up the Shenandoah, having ranged along the foot of the mountain a hundred miles to seek a vent. On your left approaches the Potomac, in quest of a passage al^o. In the moment of their junction, they rush together against the mountain, rend it asunder" (referring to a possible event of former times) " and pass off to the .'ea." His whole de.^cription is sublime and beautiful, of a scene, which he pronounces " worth a voyage across the Atlantic" to behold. The Potomac is 42 feet deep at its mouth, 30 at St. George's island, and 18 feet at Swan's point, and thence to Alexandria. PoTON Valley, p-o,, Scott co.. Ark., 13S w. by N. Little Rock, l,2lt3 W. PoTOsi, p-v., capital of Washington co.. Mo., Ill E. s. E. Jeffer.son City, 879 W. Situated in the centre of one of the richest mineral regions in the United States, abounding with lead, iron, and copper ores. It contains a court house, jad, an academy, 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Bap- tist, 1 flieihodist, and 1 Roman Catholic — and about 500 inhabitants. PoTosi, p-v.. Grant co.. Wis. Potsdam, p-t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 212 n. N.W.Albany, 496 W. The surface is undulaling; soil, sandy loam, and very productive. Watered by Racket and Grass rivers. The v. is situated on Racket r., at the falls, and contains 4 churches, St. Lawrence academy with 2 four-story edifices, 10 stores, 1 satinet fac, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 2 clothiers' works, 1 oil m., 2 machine shops, 1 pocket furnace, 1 trip-hammer works and forge, 120 dwellings, and about 8')0 iniiabitants. There are in the t. 12 stores, cap. §34,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 3 tanneries, 4 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in mannfac. $63,955. 1 acad. 2-iO students, 36 sch. 1,363 scholars. Pop. 4,473. Potter, county. Pa. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 1,110 sq. ms. Drained by head branches of Alleghany r., Tioga r., and Genesee r., and of the w. branch of the Susque- hanna r., and Pine, Kettle, Sinnemahoning, and Driftwood creeks. The surface is elevated ; soil, loam. Coal and iron are found. Much of the CO. is unsettled. Capital, Coudersport. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,315, sheep 4,960, swine 2,330; wheat 11,410 bush, produced, rye 2,363, Ind. corn 6,091, buckwheat 3,818, oats 24,759, po- tatoes 60,571, sugar 103,199 pounds; 6 stores, cap. $11,700; 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 8 grist m., 30 saw m. Cap. in mannfac. $150,430. 23 sch. 476 scholars. Pop. 3,371. Potter, p-t., Yates co., N. Y., 201 w., Albany, 326 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, gravelly loam, and fertile. Drained by Flint cr. It has 7 stores, cap. .$18,300 ; 2 fulling m., 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufao. $25,375. 14 sch. 830 scholars. Pop. 2,245. Potter, t.. Centre co.. Pa., 10 s. e. Bellefonte, 71 N. w. Harrisburg, 170 W. The surface is mountainous ; soil, calcareous loam. It has 2 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 5 grist m.,8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $41,000. 8 sch. 240 scholars. Pop. 1,737. Potter's Hollow, v., Rensselaerville t., Al- bany CO , N. Y. It contains 1 Friends church, 2 stores, 20 dwellings, and about 125 inhabitants. Potter's Mills, p-v.. Potter t., Centre co.. Pa., 73 \. w. Harrisburg, 165 VV. Pottersville, p-o., Chester t., Warren co., N. Y., 87 N. by w. Albany, 462 W. Pottersville, p-v., on the line of Reading- ton and Tewksbury ts., Hunterdon co., i\. J., 48 N. N. w. Trenton, 222 W. It contains a store and a few dwellings. Pottersville, p-o., Columbiana co., O., 143 E. N. E. Columbus, 299 W. Pottiesville, p-v., Louisa co., Va., 47 n. n. w. Richmond, 89 W. Potts GitovE, t., Montgomery co., Pa. Schuyl- kill r. bounds it on the s. The surface is hilly ; POU 548 POW Boil, red shale. Watered by Manatavvny or. and Sprogel's run. It has 1 store, cap. $5,000 ; 2 fur- naces, 2 forges, 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 5 grist m., 3 saw ra., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. §10,400. Pop. 1,361. PoTTSTOWN, ph., Potts Grove t., Blontgomery CO., Pa., 37 N. Philadelphia, 71 e. Harrisburg, 164 W. Situated near Schuylkill r., at the junction of Manatavvny cr. It is built chiefly on one street, and the houses, of .stone, brick, and wood, are neatly built. It contains 2 churches and about 100 dwellings. The Schuylkill -canal passes through the place. It has 3 stores, cap. .§30,000 ; 1 tannery, I printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., I saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $12,000. 2 acad. 45 students, 1 sen. Pop. 721. PoTTSvii>LE, p-h., Norwegian t., Schuylkill CO., Pa.. 99 N. vv. Philadelphia, 62 e. Harrisburg, 172 W. Situated at the termination of the Schuyl- kill canal. It contains 2 churches, 1 of which is an Episcopal, a bunk, 33 stores, cap. $136,900; 1 furnace, 2 tanneries, 3 breweries, 3 printing offices, 3 weekly newspapers, 1 flouring m. Cap. in manufac. $141,100. 1 acad. 40 students, 8 sch. 170 scholars. Pop. 4,345. In 1824 there were but 5 houses on the spot. Mount Carbon, a suburb and part of the place, contains about 31) dwellings, several large warehouses, and a fine range of stores, 3 stories high. The immense coal trade has given to this place its rapid growth. PoTT-sviLLE, p-o., Washington co., Iowa. PoUGHKEEPSiE, p-t.. Capital of Dutchess co., N. Y., 71 s. Albany, 21)9 W. The surface is un- dulating, and in some places rough ; soil, sand, clay, and loam, underlaid by limestone. Drained by \Vappiuger's and Fall creeks. The v. is sit- uated on the E. side of Hudson r. Incorporated in 180), and contains a court house, jail, a colle- giate school with a fine edifice, Dutchess acade- my, 2 female seminaries, a lyceum, 2 markets, 3 banking houses, besides a savings institution, a county poorhouse, 13 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Congregational, 2 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 2 Meth- odist, 1 Dutch Reforraed, 2 Friends, 1 Universa- list, 1 Roman Catholic, and 1 African — 30 stores of different kinds, 2 breweries, 2 carpet fac, 3 flouring m., 3 plaster fac, 2 saw m., 2 soap and candle fac, 2 pin fac, 2 gun fac, 3 iron found- ries, 2 potteries, 3 machine sliops, 9 carriage and wagon fac, 3 printing offices, and numerous oilier mechanical and manufacturing establishments, 1,000 dwellings, and about 7,500 inhabitants. It is one of the most pleasant and wealthy villages on Hudson r. The convention met here in 17:!8, which adopted the consiitution of the V. Slates. There are in the t. 54 stores, cap. $197,000; cap. employed in the fisheries $131,050; 8 lumber yards, cap. $160,500; 3 cotton fac. 4,08 S sp., 2 tanneries, 1 brewery, 2 potteries, 4 flouring m., 2 gi'ist m., 1 saw rn., 3 printing offices, 2 periodi- cals, and 2 weekly newspapers. (Jap. in maiui- fac. $458,100. 2 acad. 290 students, 14 sch. 1,077 scholars. Pop. 10,006. PouGiiKEEp.siE, p-v., Allea co., la., 126 n. n. E. Indianapolis, 534 W. PouGiiauAG, p-o., Beekman t., Dutchess co., N. Y. Pounding Branch, p-o., Montgomery co., N. C. PouLTNEY, r., Vi., rises in Tiinnoulh and flows w. into East hay, in Lake ( hamplain. It alliinls good water power. It is about 25 ms. long, and for a little distance forms the boundary between Yt. and N. Y. PouLT.N'Ey, t., Rulland co., Vt., 60 s. w, Mont- pelier, 46 n. Bennington. The surface is diver- sified , soil, warm and fertile. Watered by Poultney r. The v., near the centre, contains 3 churches — 1 Congregational and 1 Baptist— sev- eral stores, a female academy, and alx)ut 50 dwellings. There is another v. in the w. part of the t. which contains a Methodist church, a store, and a number of handsome dwellings. There are in the t. 5 stores, cup. $20,(X)0 ; 1 full- ing m., 1 woollen fac, 3 furnaces, 3 tanneries, 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $22,830. 1 acad. 112 students, 15 sch. 648 scholans. Pop. 1,878. PouNDKiDGE, p-t., Westchester co., N. Y., 15 N. E. White Plains, 121 s. Albany, 274 W. The surface is hilly and stony; soil, gravelly loam. Drained by Mechanus cr., which aflijrds water power. The v. contains 3 churches, 2 stores, and 15 or 20 dwellings. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. $8,300 ; 1 fulling m., 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,325. 9 sch, 441 scho- lars. Pop. 1,407. Poverty Hill, p-o., Edgefield dist., S. C, 81 w. by s. Columbia, 581 W. PowAsHECK, p-o., Muscatine co., Iowa. Powder Sprlxgs, p-o., Cobb co., Ga., 112 n w. Milledgeville, 690 W. PowELs, r., Va., rises in Povvels mountain. Vs., and passing into Tennessee, unites with Clinch r., 33 N. E. Kno.xville. It is navigable for boats lor nearly 100 ms. Powells Mountain, p-o., Lee co., Va., 378 w. by s. Richmond, 446 W. Powell's Point, p-o., Currituck co., N. C, 257 E. N. E. Raleigh, 305 W. Powell's Tavern, p-o., Goochland co., Va., 14 w. n. w. Richmond, 131 W. PowELLTON, p-o., Brunswick co., Va., 91 s. s. w. Richmond, 207 W. PowELLTON, p-v., Richmond co., N. C, 118 s. w. Raleigh, 392 W. PowELLTo.N, p-v., Haucock CO., Ga., 36 n. e. Milledgeville, 626 W. Situated on Great Ogee- chce r., and contains 2 churches — 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist — 2 academies, 3 stores, and about 26 dwellings. PowERViLLE, p-v., Pcquanuock t., Morris co., N. J., 10 N. E. Morristown, 64 n. Trenton, 235 W. It contains 2 stores, 1 forge, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., and about 15 dwellings. PowERViLLE, p-v.. Bracken co., Ky., 61 n. e. Frankfort, 439 W. Powhatan, county, Va. Situated near the centre of the stale, and contains 30t) sq. miles, •lames r. runs on its n. border, and Appomattox river on is s. border. Capital, Scottsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,759, sheep 6,594, swine 9,160; wheat 53,935 bush, prod., Ind. com 188,810, oats 13-<,273, potatoes 6,737, tobacco 1,849,750 lbs.; 13 stores, cap. $28,000 ; 2 tanneries, 10 distille- ries, 7 flouring m., 16 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §43,500. 5 acad. 125 students, 4 sch. '.)4 scholars. Pop. whites 2,432, slaves 5,129, free col'd 363; total, 7,924. Powhatan Point, p-o.. Mead t., Belmont co., O., 138 E. Columbus, 273 W. Pownal, p-t, Cumberland co.. Me., IS n. e. Portland, 42 s. w. Augusta, 563 W. Incorpo- rated in 1808. It is a small t., irregular in its form. It has 5 stores, cap. $1,S00 ; 1 tannery, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,245. Pop. 1,210. PowiMAL, p-t., Bennington co., Vt., 126 s. by vv. Monlpelier, 398 W. The surface is hilly and broken ; soil, fertile, adapted to grazing. Drained by Hoosje r., which affords water power. Char- tered in 1760. A small v. at the centre contains a Baptist church. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 1 woollen fac, I cotton fac, 2 grist m., 5 saw m Cap. in manufac $11,300. 10 sch. 349 scholars. Pop. 1,613. PRA 549 PRE Powow, r., N. H., rises in Kingston and falls into Merriraac r., between Salisbury and Ames- bury, Mass., where, by a fall of 100 feet in 50 rods, it affords extensive water power. Prairie, t., Franklin co., O. The surface is mostly level, with a considerable prairie near its centre. Watered by Darby cr. The national road passes through it. Organized in 1819. Pop. 606. Prairie, t., Arkansas co., Ark. Pop. 142. Prairie, t., Holmes co , O. It has 3 flouring m. Cap. in manufac. §6,500. Pop. 1,249. Prairie, t., Audrain co., Mo. Pop. 221. Prairie, t., Howard co.. 111. It has 1 sch. 33 scholars. Pop. 1,8(53. Prairie, t., Carroll co.. Ark. It has 1 store, cap. $1,700 ; 2 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 399. Prairie, t., Washington co.. Ark. It has 2 tanneries, 3 distilleries. Cap. in manufac. $4,275. 4 sch. 93 scholars. Pop. 2,1S2. Prairie, t., PVanklin co., Ark. It has 1 sch. 18 scholars. Pop. 500. Prairie, t., Madison co., Ark. It has 1 dis- tillery. Pop. 400. Prairik, t., Montgomery co., Mo. It has 1 6ch. 20 scholars. Pop. 775. Prairie Bluff, p-o., Wilcox co., Ala., 85 s. Tuscaloosa, 877 W. Prairie Creek, p-o., Vigo co., la., 83 w. s. w. Indianapolis, 659 W. Prairie de Long, p-o., Monroe co.. III., 116 s. by w. Springfield, 826 W. The creek from which it is named flows into Kaskaskia r. Prairie du Chie.\, p-v., capital of Crawford county. Wis., 125 w. Madison, 957 W. Situated on the e. bank of Mississippi r., 3 miles above the mouth of Wisconsin r., 300 miles below the Falls of St. Anlliony, and 600 above St. Louis. The prairie is 10 ms. long and 3 wide. The v. contains a court house, jail, 3 churches — 1 Metho- dist, 1 Presbyterian, and 1 Roman Catholic — an academy, 9 stores, 150 dwellings, and 1,5U0 in- habitants. Numerous mounds of all shapes and sizes are to be found in the vicinity. The richest copper mines, and large masses of pure copper, are found here. Fort Crawford, a United States military post, is situated immediately s. of the village. Prairie du Sac, p-v., capital of Sank co.. Wis. Situated on the n. side of Wisconsin r. Prairie du Rocher, p-v., Randolph co.. 111., 14 N. w. Kaskaskia, 137 s. by w. Springfield, 843 W. It is an old French settlement, on the E. side of the Mississippi r., on the American bot- tom, which contained 14 families in 1766, and now contains about 35. It has a Roman Catho- lic church, and the inhabitants retain much of their original habits and manners. Prairie Hill, p-o , Lowndes co., Ala., 121 s. s. E. Tuscaloosa, 864 W. Prvirie la Porte, p-v., capital of Clayton CO., Iowa. Situated on the vv. side of Mississippi r., on an elevated bank, a few ms. above the mouth of Turkey cr. Prairie Point, p-o., Noxubee co.. Miss., 137 N. N. E. Jackson, 873 W. Prairie River, p-o., Branch co., Mich., 122 s. s. w. Detroit, 575 W. The river which gives name to it is 40 or 50 miles long, and flows into St. Joseph r. Prairie Ronde, t., Kalamazoo co., Mich. It has 1 tannery, 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,400. 4 sch. 94 scholars. Pop. 623. Prairieton, p-v., Prairie t , Vigo co., la., 80 W. s. w. Indianapolis, 651 W^. Situated on the s. side of Prairie cr., which flows into Wabash river. Prairieton, p-v., Lawrence co.. 111., 147 s. E. Springfield, 709 VV. Prairie Village, p-v., Milwaukee co., Wis., 65 e. Madison, 820 W. Situated on the w. side of a head branch of Fox r. Prairieville, t., Milwaukee co., Wis. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,400 ; 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 sch. 13 scholars. Pop. 450. Prairieville, p-v., Clinton co., la., 52 n. n. w. Indianapolis, 610 W. Prairieville, p-v., Randolph co., 111., 126 s. Springfield, 835 W. Prallsville, p-v., Amwell t., Hunterdon co., N. J., 20 .\. N. w. Trenton. 177 W. Situated on the E. side of Delaware r., and contains 1 store, a grist m. on Wickhechecoke cr., and 10 or 12 dwellings. Pratt, p-o., Shelby co., O., 74 w. n. w. Co- lumbus, 468 W. Prattsburg, p-t., Steuben co., N. Y., 209 w. by s. Albany, 315 W. The surface is un- even ; soil, fertile, adapted to grain, but better to grass. Drained by Conhocton river. The v. contains 1 Presbyterian church, an academy, 4 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 tannery, 50 dwell- ings, and about 400 inhabitants. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $16,300; 2 fulling m., 1 tan- nery, 3 grist m., 22 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,100. 1 acad. 204 students, 18 sch. 823 schol- ars. Pop. 2,455. Prattsburg, p-v., Orange co., N. C, 34 n.w Raleigh, 294 W. Prattsburg, p-v., Talbot co., Ga., 80 w. s. w. Milledgeville, 736 W. Pratt's Hollow, p-o., Eaton t., Madison co., N. Y., 106 w. by n. Albany, 363 W. Prattsville, p-t, Greene co., N. Y., 38 w. Catskill, 54 s. w. Albany, 360 W. The surface is broken and mountainous ; soil, fertile on Scho- harie cr., which flows through the t. The up- land is adapted to grazing. The v. is pleasantly situated on the e. side of Schoharie cr., and con- tains 1 Dutch Reformed and 1 Methodist church, an academy, a printing office, and stereotype foundry, 3 tanneries producing 110,000 sides of sole leather annually, 1 woollen fac, 2 furnaces, 2 machine shops, 150 dwellings, and about 1,000 inhabitants. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. $24,000 ; 1 flouring m., 1 woollen fac, 4 tan- neries, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $281,200. 1 acad. 25 students, 6 sch. 150 schol ars. Pop. 1,613. Preble, county, O. Situated toward the s w. part of the state, and contains 432 sq. ms The surface is level or gently rolling ; soil, very fertile. Drained by Franklin, Four 3Iile, and St. Clair creeks. Capital, Eaton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 15,805, sheep 29,255, swine 40,785; wheat 198,107 bushels produced, rye 8,955, Ind. corn 1,110,611, buckwheat 1,.340, bar- ley 3,571, oats 270,804, potatoes 24,775, sugar 49,296 pounds ; 37 stores, cap. $130,896 ; 1 full, ing m., 3 woollen fac, 9 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 16 flouring m., 18 grist m., 34 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $91,700. Pop. 19,4H2. Preble, p-t., Cortland co., N. Y., 131 w. Alba- ny, 324 W. The surface is hilly ; soil calcareous gravel and argillaceous loam, and very produc- tive. Drained by Toughnioga r. The v. con- tains 2 churches, 45 dwellings, and about 300 in- habitants. There are in the 1. 1 store, cap. $4,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,600. 10 sch. 464 scholars. Pop. 1,247. Preble, t.. Pike co., O. Pop. 513. Prescott, p-t., Hampshire co., Mass., 16 N. K PRI 550 PR- Northampton, 77 w. Boston, 395 W. The sur- face is liilly and rough ; soil, adapted to grazing. Watered by branches of Swift r., a principal oon- litituent of Chicapee r. It has 4 stores, cap. $2,900 ; 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,350. £> sch. 230 scholars. Pop. 780. PREsauE Isle, county, Mich. Situated in the N. E. part of the peninfsula, and contains 7i0 scj. nis. Bounded n. e. by Lake Huron, into which its streams flow. It is unorganized. Presto.v, county, Va. Situated in the N. part of the state, and contains 501 sq. ms. The sur- face is mountainous and rough ; soil, in some parts very fertile. Drained by ('heat r., the prin- cipal constituent of Monongaiiela r. Capital, Kingwood. There were in 1810, neat cattle 7,459, sheep 12,249, swine 9,069; wheat 2.8)1 bush, produced, rye 17,877, Indian corn 42,887, buckwheat 16,057, oats 12S,966, potatoes 35,209, tobacco 3,892 pounds, sugar 27,132; 11 stores, cap. $108,900; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 cot- ton fac. 90 sp., 11 tanneries, 22 distillerie.s, 29 grist m., 28 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $45,195. Pop. wliites (>,743, slaves 91, free col'd 30; total, 6,866. Preston, p-t.. New London co., Ct., 45 s. e. Hartlord, 363 W. The surface is uneven and rocky ; soil, gravelly loam, aud pretty fertile. Thames and Quiniiebaug rivers bound it on the w. and N. w. It has 2 villages — 1 in the e. part, called Preston City, which contains a Congrega- tional and a Baptist church, several stores, and about 35 dwellings. Poquetannuck, the other v., is in the s. part, and lies partly in Led yard, and contains about 40 dwellings, situated at the head of a cove, which sets up from Thames r. Amos's pond lies a little s. of Preston City, the outlet of which forms Poquetannuck r. First settled in 1686. There are in the t. 9 stores, cap. $11,000; 1 cotton fac. 200 sp., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $24,550. 13 sch. 469 scho- lars. Pop. 1,727. Presto.v, p-t., Chenango co., N. Y., 118 w. by s. Albany, 312 W. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil, fertile. Drained by branches of Chenango r. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 3 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,600. 12 sch. 340 scho- lars. Pop. 1,117. Preston, p-t., Wayne co.. Pa., 181 n. e. Ilar- risburg, 28t) VV. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravel and loam, well timbered with white and yellow pine, hemlock aud chestnut. It has 7 sch. 124 scholars. Pop. 534. Preston, p-o., Marion co., Ga. Preston, p-o., Crosby t., Hamilton co., O., 122 w. s. w. Columbus, 510 W. Situated in New Haven v. Preston, p-o., Yallabusha co., Miss., 129 n. by E. Jackson, 974 W. Prestondurg, p-v., capital of Floyd co., Ky., 120 E. s. E. Frankfort, 461 VV. Situated on the w. fork of Sandy r. It contains a court house, and 84 inhabitants. Preston Hollow, p-v., Rensselaerville t., Al- bany CO., N. Y., 38 w. by s. Albany, 365 W. It contains 1 church, 4 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 40 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. Prestonville, p-v., Rhea co., Tenn., 147 e. s. E. Nashville, 536 VV. Situated on the n. side of Tennessee r. Prewett's Knob, p-o., Barren co., Ky., 119 s. w. Frankfort, 642 \V. Prible's Mills, p-o., Wood co., Va., 336 w. N w. Richmond, 305 W. Price, t., Monroe co., Pa. It has 1 grist m., 9 saw m. Pop. 391. Pricetown, p-v., Ruscomb Manor t., Berks CO., Pa., 62 e. by n. Ilarrisburg, 155 W. It con- tains 1 store, 1 tannery, and 25 or 30 dwellings. Priceville, p-v., Price t., Wayne co., Pa., 199 N. e. Ilarrisburg, 295 W. Priggs, p o, Jackson t., Montgomery ro., O., 12 s. w. Dayton, 182 w. by s. Columbus, 475 W. Prillimans, p-o., Franklin co., Va., 203 w. s. w. Richmond, 27-i W. Prince Edward, co., Va. Situated centrally, toward the s. part of the state, and contains 375 sq. ms. Appomattox r. runs on its .n. border, by branches of which it is drained. The soil is fertile and well cultivated. It contains Hampden Sidney College, whicli was fomided in 1783— has a president, and 4 professors or other instructors, 65 students, and has 8,000 vols, in its libraries. The commencement is on the fourth Wednesday in September. A preparatory academy is con- nected with the institution. Capi'al, Prince Ed- ward C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,631, sheep 11,698, swine 15,428; wheat 57,293 bush, produced, Ind. corn 3 )3,997, oats 129,210, potatoes 13,147, tobacco 3,106,950 pounds, cotton 11,121 ; 33 stores, cap. $123,800 ; 3 tanneries, 22 flouring m., 28 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $204,220. 2 colleges, 66 students, 3 acad. 52 students, 2-* sch. 465 scholars. Pop. whites 4,923, slaves 8,576, free col'd 570 ; total, 14,069. Prince Edward, C. IL, p-v., capital of Prince Edward co., Va., 77 w. s. w. Richmond, 167 W. Prince Edward, p-o., Gilmer co., Ga., 165 n. w. Milledgeville, 645 W. Prince Fredericktown, p-v., capital of Cal- vert CO., Md., 46 s. by w. Annapolis, 76 W. Sit- uated on Parker's cr., which flows into Chesa- peake bay. It contains a court house, jail, a church, several stores, and about 500 inhabitants. Prince George, county, Va. Situated toward the e. part of the state, and contains 305 sq. ms. Appomatto.\ r. runs on its N. w., and James r. on its N. E. border. Drained by Blackwater r. Cap- ital, Prince George C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,095, sheep 2,727, swine, 5,91 1 ; wheat 31,439 bush, produced, Ind. corn 176,640, oats 35,231, potatoes 6,483, tobacco 115,000 pounds, cotton 23,310 ; 8 stores, cap. $4,800 ; 7 distilleries, 9 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,000. 6 sch. 1 17 scholars. Pop. whites 2,692, slaves 4,004, free col'd 469; total, 7,175. Prince George's, county, 3Id. Situated in the w. part of the state, adjoining the District of Co- lumbia, and contains 575 sq. ms. The surface is uneven; soil, fertile. Patuxent r. runs on its E. border, and Potomac r. on a part of its w. border. Capital, Upper Marlboro. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,482, sheep 13,833, swine 24,201 ; wheat 80,147 bush, produced, rye 38,209, Ind. corn 507,266, oats 107,070, potatoes 21,570, tobac- co 9,259,423 pounds; 31 stores, cap. $81,600; 1 flouring m., 19 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $53,800. 4 acad. 42 students, 12 sch. 253 scholars. Pop. whites 7,823, slaves 10,636, free col'd 1,080; total, 19,539. Prince George, C. H., p-v., capital of Prince George co., Va., 2S s. s. e. Richmond, 147 W. Princes Bay, N. Y. S'ltuatcd on the s. e. side of Staten Island, celebrated for its fine oysters. It furnishes a safe anchorage in a n. e. storm. Princess Ann, county, Va. Situated in the s.E. part of the state, and contains 374 sq. ms. The surface is level, though somewhat elevated. The Atlantic ocean bounds it on the E., and Chesapeake bay on the n. Back bay, a branch PRI 551 PRO of Currituck sound, sets up in its s. part. Drained by North r. and the e. branch of Elizabeth r. Capital, Princess AnnC.H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,583, sheep 6,822, swine 20,761 ; wheat 6,655 bush, produced, Ind. corn 298,960, oats 84,771, potatoes 37,029, cotton 951 pounds; 5 stores, cap. $2,422; 3 tanneries, 10 distilleries, 16 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $9,648. 1 acad. 49 students, 8 sch. 179 scholars. Pop. whites 3,996, slaves 3,087, free col'd 202 ; total, 7,285. Princess Ann, p-v., capital of Somerset co., Md., 110 s. s. E. Annapolis, 150 W. Situated on the s. E. side of Manokin r., near the head of tide- water. It contains a court house, jail, a bank, 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist, and about 120 dwellings. It is regu- larly laid out, with streets crossing each other at right angles. The public buildings are of brick, and the private dwellings are of brick or of wood, neatly painted. Washington academy is ia the vicinity. Princess Ann, p-o., Robeson co., N. C, 111 8. s. w. Raleigh, 399 W. Princess Ann, C. H., p-v., capital of Princess Ann CO., Va., 132 s. e. Richmond, 236 W. It con- tains a court house, 2 Methodist churches, 1 store, 20 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. Princeton, p-v., Washington co., Me., 219 n. E. Augusta, 805 W. Schoodic lake and its out- let bounds it on the n. w. and n. A pond in its s. part gives rise to East Machias r. It has 2 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 157. Princeton, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 16 n. by W.Worcester, 47 w. by n. Boston, 417 W. It contains Wachusett mountain, an isolated sum- mit, which is 3,000 feet high, and 1,900 feet above the surrounding country, and it presents a grand view from its top. The surface of the t. is hilly ; soil, fertile. Drained by branches of Nashua r. and Wave r. It contains 4 churches — 1 Congre- gational, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Univer- «alist. It has 3 stores, cap. .$7,000 ; 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,470. 10 sch. 404 scholars. Pop. 1,347. Princeton, p-t., Schenectady co., N. Y., 8w. Schenectady, 19 n. w. Albany, 3S9 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay, sand, and loam. Drain- ed by Norman's Kill. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 3 saw m. 4 sch. 91 scholars. Population, 1,201. Princeton, p-b., Mercer co., N. J., 11 n. e. Trenton, 177 W. It is pleasantly situated, and neatly built, chiefly on one extended street, and contains 4 churches — 2 Presbyterian, 1 Episco- pal, and 1 African — numerous stores, and 200 dwellings, and about 1,2U0 inhabitants, exclusive of those connected with the literary institutions. The Delaware and Raritan canal rmis within 1 mile of the b., and the office of the company is established here. It derives its greatest import- ance from the College of New Jersey, established here, founded in 1746, at Elizabethtown, remov- ed to Princeton in 1757, which has a president, and 12 professors or other instructors, 2, 183 alum- ni, of whom 444 have been ministers of the gos- pel, 263 students, and 11,000 vols, hi its libraries. The commencement is on the last Wednesday in September. Its buildings are neat, convenient, and spacious. The Princeton Theological Semi- nary of the Presbyterian ciiurch is located here, founded in 1812, has 5 professors, 113 students, 714 educated, and 7,000 vols, in its libraries. Its buildings are neat and extensive. There are in the t. 9 stores, cap. $47,600 ; 1 lumber yard, cap, $2,500 ; 1 tannery, 2 printing offices, 1 bindery, 1 weekly newspaper, 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manuiac. $67,300. 2 colleges, 328 students, 2 acad. 90 students, 4 sch. 110 scholars. Pop. 3,055. Princeton, p-v., Mercer co., Va. Princeton, p-v., capital of Washington co., Miss., 119 N. w. Jackson, 1,134 W. Situated on the e. side of Mississippi r. It contains a court house, 8 stores, and 250 iniiabitants. Princeton, p-v., capital of Caldwell co., Ky., 225 w. s. w. Frankfort, 757 W. It contains a court house, jail, and about 400 inhabitants. Princeton, p-v.. Liberty t., Butler co., O., 102 w. s. w. Columbus, 4S6 W. Princeton, p-v., capital of Gibson co., Ia., 142 s. w. Indianapolis, 712 W. Situated 4 ms. s. of Patoka cr., which is navigable 3 months in the year. It contains a spacious court house, jail, and a seminary, all of brick, 2 churches, 5 stores, and about 800 inhabitants. Princeton, p-v., capital of Bureau co., HI., 135 N. Springfield, 803 W. It contains a court house, jail, and a number of dwellings. It was laid out in 1833. Princeton, p v., Scott co., Iowa. Situatedon the w. side of 3Iississippi r. Princetown, p-v., Berks co., Pa. Princeville, p-v., Peoria co., HI., 92 n, Springfield, 806 W. Prince William, county, Va. Situated in the N. E. part of the state, and contains 370 sq, ms. It has the Potomac on the E. Drained by Occoquan r. Surface hilly ; soil, moderately fertile. Capital, Brentsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,614, sheep 8,202, swine 8,900; wheat 47,471 bush, produced, rye 3,704, Ind, corn 180,463, buckwheat 2,181, oats 105,374, po- tatoes 6,476, tobacco 4,974 pounds; 18 stores, cap. $66,500 ; 1 cotton fac. 1,038 sp., 5 distilleries, 10 flouring m., 13 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $22,330. 5 sch. 118 scholars. Pop. whites 4,867, slaves 2,767, free col'd 510 ; total, 8,144. Prince William, p-o., Carroll co., Ia., 56 n N. w. Indianapolis, 614 W. Prixcepeo, p-o., Cecil co., Md. Privateer, p-o., Sumter dist., S. C^ 70 E.Co- lumbia, 505 W. Proctorsville, p-v., Windsor co., Vt., 73 e, Monlpelier, 468 W. Proctorsville, p-v., Crawford co., Ia., 109 s. by w. Indianapolis, 631 W. Situated on the w. side of Great Blue r. Promised Land, p-o., Alleghany co., Md. Prompton, p-o., Wayne co.. Pa., 169 n. e- Harrisburg, 260 W. Prospect, p-t., W^aldo co.. Me., 53 e. by N. Augusta, 649 W. Situated on the w. side of Pe- nobscot r., at its entrance into Penobscot bay. It has a fertile soil, and great commercial advan- tages. Incorporated in 1794. It has 15 stores, cap. $41,700 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 12 saw. Cap. in manufac. $35,350. 20 sch. 1,416 scholars. Pop. 3,492. Prospect, p-t.. New Haven co., Ct., 54 s. Hartford, 320 W. Organized in 1827, from Che- shire and Waterbury. The surface is elevated, hilly, mountainous, and stony ; soil, adapted to grazing. It contains 1 Congregational and 1 Methodist church. It has 1 store, cap. $1,800 ; 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,660. 4 sch. 83 scholars. Pop. 548. Prospect, p-o., Remsen t., Oneida co., N. Y., 103 w. N. w. Albany, 403 W. Prospect, p-v., 3Iuddy Creek t., Butler co.. Pa., 212 w. N. vv. Harrisburg, 251 W. It contains 1 store, and 8 or 10 dwellings. Prospect, p-o., Prince Ldward co., Va., 80 w. s. w. Riclimond, 170 W. PRO 552 PRO Prospect, p-o., Radnor t., Delaware co., O., 37 N. Columbus, 421 W. Prospect, p-o., Giles co., Tenn., 97 s. by w. Nashville, 716 W. Prospect Hall, p-o., Bladen co., N. C, 82 s. Raleigh, 370 W. Prospect HARnon, p-o., Prospect t., Waldo CO., Me., 119 E. Augusta, 701 W. Prospect Hill, p-o., Pittstown t., Rensselaer CO., N. Y., 24 N. E. Albany, 394 W. Prospect Hill, p-o., Fairfax co., Va., 131 N. by E. Richmond, 12 W. Prospect Hill, p-o., Caswell co., N. C, 60 N. W. Raleigh, 372 W. Prospect Hill, p-o., Lincoln co., Tenn. Prospect Ribge, p-o.. Pike co., Ala., 161 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 876 W. Prosperity', p-o., Moore co., N. C, 68 s. w. Raleigh, 356 W. Providence, county, R. I. Situated in the N. part of the state, and contains 380 sq. miles. The surface is uneven and rough; soil, gravelly and calcareous loam. Watered by Pawtucket, Providence or Narraganset, Wanasquatucket, Mashasuck, and Pawtuxet rivers, and their branches. Several of these afford extensive wa- ter power. The agriculture of the co. is respect- able, but its manufactures are very extensive, and more important, and its commercial advan- tages are great. Capital, Providence. Tiiere were in 1810, neat cattle 13,157, sheep 11,861, swine 10,669; wheat 611 bush, produced, rye 16,870, Ind. corn 157,577, buckwheat 1,573, bar- ley 13,374, oats 16,249, potatoes 347,389; 78 houses in foreign trnde, cap. $1,583,850 ; 550 stores, cap. $1,987,200 ; 19 lumber yards, cap. $185,500; cap. invested in fisheries, $130,000; 5 furnaces, 1.8 fulling m., 6 woollen fac, 130 cot- ton fac. 367,251 sp., 15 dyeing and printing estab., 8 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 2 breweries, 2 rope fac, 59 grist m., 73 saw m., 2 paper fac, 10 printing offices, 6 binderies, 2 periodicals, 2 daily, 5 week- ly, 4 semi-weekly newspapers, Cap. in manufac. $7, 165,887. 2 colleges, 324 students, 37 acad. 2,935 students, 209 pch. 9,705 scholars. Pop. 58,073. Providence, city, and port of entry in a coun- ty of the same name, is the semi-capiial of R. I., is situated at the head of Narraganset bay, on the w. side of Seekonk or Providence river, 35 miles from the ocean, and is in 41° 51' n. lat. and 71° 16' w. Ion. from Greenwich, and 5° 37' e. Ion. from W. — 30 n. from Newport, 42 s. s. w. from Boston, 55 N. E. from New Lonaon, 70 e. from Hartford. 173 E.from New York, 396 from W. Pop. in 1820, i 1,767 ; 1830,16,832; 1840,23,171. Em- ployed in commerce 929; manufactures and trades 3,948 ; navigating the ocean 422; do. rivers, &c. 90 ; learned professions, &c. 165. It contains an area of about 9 square miles ; and the compact part is nearly equally divided by Providence river. The principal business is done on 2 long and somewhat irregular streets on the E. side of the river ; but there are several wholesale stores on the w., where also is done a large retail business. There are many fine houses, mostly on the E. side of the r. It is ihe second city in New England in population. The two parts of the city are connected by 2 bridges, one of which is 90 feet in width. Vessels of 900 tons come to its wharves. Its commerce is ex tensive, and it has been successfully engaged in a trade with China. The Blackstone canal from Worcester, Mass., terminates here. It has also a railroad from Boston, which is extended to Stonington, Ct. Several steamboats connect it daily with the city of New York, and other pack- et Ijjies connect it with that and other cities. Among the public buildings are the State HousP built of brick ; 2 Congregational, 1 Baptist, and the Episcopal church, which are among the finest buildings of the kind in the United States ; the Arcade, on the w. side of the river, extending be- tween two streets, willi a fine Doric portico on each, consisting of 5 massive columns, 25 feet high, the shafts of which, 22 feet in Icncth, are from single blocks of granite, of which material the building is constructed, 226 feet long, 72 feet wide, and 3 stories high, occupied below bV stores, and above with offices, &c. Brown Uni- versity occupies a commanding situation on the E. side of the river, and has 2 large brick edifices, 4 stories high. It has a president, and 8 profes- sors and instructors, had had in 1841, 1,3'JO alum- ni, 474 of whom were ministers, about 172 stu- dents, and 14,000 volumes in its various libraries. The philosophical apparatus is extensive and complete. The commencement is on the first Wednesday of September. A majority of the board of trustees and of the faculty are required to be of the Baptist denomination. It was origi- ginully established in Warren, in 1764, and was removed to Providence in )770. The Friends Boarding School, belonging to the yearly meet- ing of this denomination in New England, is situated three quarters of a mile n. e. of the Uni- versity, has a spacious edifice of stone and brick, in a commanding situation, has 10 instructors, and about 200 pupils, an tanneries, cap. $22,000; 2 distilleries, 2 breweries, cap. $63,000 ; paints, drugs, &c., cap. $20,000; 1 paper fac. produced $15,000; 5 grist m., cap. $6,500; 8 printing of- fices, 5 binderies, 2 daily, 3 weekly,.4semi-wefck- Iv newspapers, and 2 periodicals, cap. $23,100. Total cap. i-n manufac. $.3,012,588. I colleges, 324 students, 21 acad. 2,299 students, 42 sch. 6,629 scholars. This town was settled in 1636, by Roger Wil- liams, who fled from Massachusetts, on account of his religious opinions, and who adopted in his establishment the principles of universal tolera- tion. Providence originally included several ad- jacent towns. It suSered much in King Philip's war. In 1663 a charter was granted by the king to tlie Providence Plantations. This place has suffered severe disasters by fire arul water. In 1801 an extensive fire occurred ; aa>d in 1815 a severe gale caused the tide to rise 12 feet above its ordinary height, spreading desolation along the wharves and bridges, destroying 300 build- ings, and other property, to the amount, in the PUL 553 PUL whole, of nearly $1,500,000. In 1831 it received a charter as a city. Providence, p-t., Saratoga cc, N. Y., 15 n. W Balston Spa, 41 n. n. w. Albany, 409 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay and loam, adapted to grass. Watered by Sacandaga r. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,500 ; 1 fulling ra., 1 woollen fac, 2 tan- neries, 3 grist m., 30 sav^ m. Cap. in manufac. $33,650. 9 sch. 313 scholars. Pop. 1,507. Providence, p-t,, Luzerne co.. Pa., 146 n. e. Harrisburg, 250 W. Lackavvaniiock cr., and Roaring brook, afford extensive water power. Anthracite coal is abundant, and easily mined. The surface is a valley between two mountain ranges. It contains the v. of Centreville, and has 6 stores, cap. $15,800; 1 tannery, 3 flouring m.. 8 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $14,900. Pop. 1,169. Providence, (East and West,) t., Bedford co.. Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $6,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 1 flouring m. Cap. in manufac. $6,650. 5 sch. 204 scholars. Pop. 2,632. Providence, p-v., Fairfax co., Va., 120 n. Richmond, 207 W. Providence, p-v., Mecklinburg co., N. C, 173 w. s. w. Raleigh, 412 W. Providence, p-v., Pickens co., Ala., 71 w. Tuscaloosa, 873 W. Providence, p-v., Hopkins co., Ky., 214 w. s. w. Frankfort, 755 W. Providence, p-v., Bureau co., 111., 114 n. Springfield, 819 W. Providence, p-v.. Wood co., O., 140 n. n. w. Columbus, 471 W. Pop. 130. Provincetown, p-t., Barnstable Co., Mass., 123 Boston, .524 W. Situated on the extreme n. w. point of Cape Cod. The surface consists of beaches, sand hills, 8 shallow ponds, and a num- ber of swamps. The harbor within the curve of the cape is easy of access, spacious and safe, with a sufficient depth of water for the largest ships. The v. is inhabited chiefly by fishermen, ana the cod and mackerel fisheries employ about 1,000 men and boys. The houses are chiefly on one street 2 ms. long, following the course of the beach. It contains 3 churches — 1 Congrega- tional, 1 3Iethodist, and 1 Universalist. The soil is a loose sand. Salt is extensively manufactur- ed, and there are many windmills to raise the water into vats for evaporation. Good water is obtained at a moderate depth, a little distance from the shore. There are in the t. 15 stores, cap. $30,100; 2 lumberyards, cap. $3,750. Cap. in manufac. $13,200. 2 acad. 109 students, 8 sch. 667 scholars. Pop. 2,122. Prowsville, p-o., Washington co., la., 92 s. Indianapolis, 612 W. Pruntytown, p-v., Harrison co., Va., 267 n. w. Richmond, 205 W. Situated on Tygart's Valley r., and contains 1 Baptist and 1 Metho- dist church, 3 stores, 1 tannery, 20 dwellings, and about 125 inhabitants. Public SauARE, p-o., Greene co., Ga., 58 n. Milledgeville, 590 W. PuGHTOWN, p-v., Coventry t., Chester co.. Pa., 63 E. s. E. Harrisburg, 146 W. Situated on French cr. It contains a store, and about 15 dwellings. PuL.\sKi, county, Ga. Situated a little s. of the centre of the state, and contains 680 sq. ms. Drained by Ocmulgee r. and its branches, and by brandies of Oconee r. Capital, Hawkins- ville. Tliere were in 1840, neat cattle 16,204, sheep 2,268, swine 15,015 ; wheat 7,439 bush, produced, rye 1,433, Ind. corn 153,764, oats 5,369, potatoes 21,178, cotton 1,735,783; 14 stores, cap. 70 $80,000 ; 10 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,125. Pop. whites 2,972, slaves 2,385, free col'd 32 ; total, 5,3S9. Pulaski, county, Va. Situated toward the s. w. part of the state, and contains 350 sq. ms. New r. bounds it partly on the E., and drains it on the s. Surface in part mountainous ; soil, fer- tile. Capital, Newbern. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,920, sheep 9,653, swine 11,752; wheat 46,098 bush, produced, rye 16,940, Ind. corn 144,037, buckwheat 2,446, oats 80,170, po- tatoes 15,064 ; 10 stores, cap. $54,500 ; 6 tanne- ries, 20 distilleries, 7 gri.^t m., 5 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 paper fac. Cap. in manufac. $32,360. 7 sch. 136 scholars. Pop. whites 2,763, slaves 954, free col'd 17 ; total, 3,739. Pulaski, county, Ky. Situated on the s. toward the e. part of the state, and contains 800 sq. ms. Cumberland r. runs on its s. border, by branches of which it is drained. Rockcastle cr. runs on its s. e. border. Capital, Somerset. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,862, sheep 13,366, swine 19,490 ; wheat 43,983 bush, produ- ced, Ind. corn 120,301, oats 94,655, potatoes 4,504 ; 10 stores, cap. $30,000 ; 4 tanneries. Cap. in manufac. $14,000. 29 sch. 754 scholars. Pop. whites 8,583, slaves 1,019, free col'd 18 ; total, 9,620. Pulaski, county, la. Situated toward the n. w. part of the state, and contains 342 sq. ms. Drained by Tippecanoe r. and its branches. Capital, Winamac. There were in 1840, neat cattle 591, sheep 270, swine 1,539; wheat 1,399 bush, produced, Ind. corn 13,075, oats 1,825, pota- toes 3,381, sugar 2,131 pounds : 1 store, cap. 1,000 ; 3 potteries, 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,500, Pop. 561. Pulaski, county, Mo. Situated toward the s. part of the state, and contains 1,332 sq. ms. Drained by the head waters of Gasconade r., and by branches of Osage r. The surface is hilly ; soil, fertile. Capital, Waynesville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,513, sheep 6,600, swine 25,131 ; wheat 18,680 bush, produced, Ind. corn 335,860, oats 23,143, potatoes 11,622, tobacco 19,091 pounds, cotton 7,727, sugar 2,602 ; 10 stores, cap. $24, 613; 1 tannery, 11 distilleries, 22 grist m., 15 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $40,280. 6 sch. 116 scholars. Pop. wliites 6,338, slaves 190, free col'd 1 ; total, 6,529. Pulaski, county. Ark. Situated near the centre of the state, and contains 2,050 sq. ms. Drained by Arkansas r. and its branches. Cap- ital, Little Rock. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 7,935, sheep 949, swine 12,031 ; wheat 559 bush, produced, Ind. corn 164,324, oats 6,920^ potatoes 10,312, cotton 7,869 pounds ; 5 commer- cial and 5 com. houses, cap. $15,000; 20 stores, cap. $218,500 ; 12 grist m., 10 saw m., 3 printing offices, 3 semi-weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $69,250. 1 sch. 48 scholars. Pop. whites 3,961, slaves 1,234, free col'd 105 ; total, 5,350. Pulaski, v., Richland t., semi-capital of Os- wego CO., N. Y., 155 w. N. w. Albany, 3S5 W. Situated on Salmon r., 3 ms. from Lake Ontario. Incorporated in 1332. It contains a court house, jail, 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist— an academy, 8 stores, 1 woollen fac, 1 paper m., 2 grist m., 1 trip-hammer works, 1 furnace, 1 carriage fac, 2 tanneries, 100 dwell- ings, and about 700 inhabitants. There is an extensive water power. Pulaski, p-v., Mercer co., Pa., 248 w. n. w Harrisburg, 239 W. Pulaski, p-v., capital of Giles co., Tenn., 74 s, by w. Nashville, 734 W. Situated on the E. PUT 554 PUT side of Richland cr., a brannh of Ell\ r. It con- tains a court house, a church, and about 900 in- habitants. Pur.ASKT, p-o., Williams co., O., 176 n. w. Co- lumbus, 509 W. Pulaski, p-t., Jackson co., Mich., 89 w. by s. Detroit, 561 W. Drained by the s. branch of Kalamazoo r. It contains several ponds, and a mineral spring. It has I sch. 27 scholars. Pop. 39-4. Pulaski, p-v., Hancock co., 111., 85 w. n. w. Springfield, 863 W. PuLASKiviLLF., p-v., Knox CO., O., 52 n. e. Columbus, 393 W. PuLTNEY, p-t., Steuben co., N. Y., 15 n. e. Bath, 213 w. by s. Albany, 316 W. The surface is generally level ; soil, clay and calcareous loam. Bounded e. by the w. branch of Crooked Lake, into vvliich its streams flow. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 1 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,500. 12 sch. 1,174 sidiolars. Pop. 1,784. PuLTNEY, t., Belmont co., O. It has 8 sch. 248 scholars. Pop. 1,747. PuLTNEYviLLE, p-v., Williamson t., Wayne CO., N. v., 204 vv. by n. Albany, 368 W. Situ- ated on Lake Ontario, where is a convenient landing for steamboats and vessels. It contains 5 stores, 2 warehouses, 2 saw m., 1 tannery, 50 dwellings, and about 350 inhabitants. Pulver's Corners, p-o.. Pine Plains t., Dutchess CO., N. Y., 58 s. Albany, 331 W. PuMPKiNTow.v, p-v., Pickens dist., S. C, 135 w. N. w. Columbia, 530 W. Pumpkin Vink, p-o., Pauldmg co., Ga., 127 w. N. w. Mdlcdgeville, 670 W. Punch Kill, p-o., Cobleskill t, Schoharie CO., N. Y., 37 w. Albany, 383 W. PuNGO Bridge, p-o., Beaufort dist., S. C. PuNGOTEAGUE, p-v., Accouiac CO., Va., 181 E. by N. Richmond, 209 W. It contains 1 Episco- pal and 1 Methodist church, 1 store, 1 grist m., 29 dwellings, and about 125 inhabitants. PuNXATAWNEY, p-v., Youiig t., Jeffcrson co.. Pa., 183 N. w. Marrisburg, 236 W. Situated in a fork of INIahoning cr. It contains a store and 15 or 20 dwellings. Purcells Store, p-o., Loudon co., Vs., 163 N. Richmond, 44 W. PuRDY, p-v., capital of McNairy co., Tenn., 143 s. w. Nashville, 824 W. Situated on a head branch of Ilatchy r. PuRDY Creek, p-o., Hornellsville t., Steuben CO., N. Y., 247 w. by s. Albany, 315 W. PuRDYviLLE, p-v., Wayne co.. Pa., 159 n. e. Harrisburg, 253 W. Purvis, p-o., Rockland t., Sullivan co., N. Y., lC9s. w. Albany, 314 W. Putnam, county, N. Y. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and contains 216 sq. ms. Hud- son r. bounds it on the w. The surface is moun- tainous ; soil, productive in the e. part, if well cultivated. Magnetic iron ore, iron pyrites, and plumbago abound. Drained by head branches of Croton r. Capital, Carmel. There were in 1840, neat cattle 14,971, sheep 14,945, swine 12,883 ; wheat 12,2.50 bush, produced, rye 3:),367, Ind. corn 86,679, buckwheat 37,099, oats 86,421, potatoes 142,.5S4; 47 stores, cap. $105,950; 1 fur- nace, 2 forges, 11 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 6 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 27 grist m., 36 saw m., 2 paper fac. Cap. in manufac. $266,635. 63 sch. 2,935 scholars. Pop. 12,825. Putnam, county, Ga. Situated a little n. of the centre of the state, and contains 340 sq. ms. Bounded e. by Oconee r., by branches of which it is drained. Surface level ; soil, fertile. Capi- tal, Eatonton. There were in 1840, neat rattle 9,497, sheep 7,071, swine 29,991 ; wheat 35,688 bush, produced, rj-e 1,174, Ind. corn 360,230, bar- ley 8.j5, oats 21,332, potatoes 1.3,626, cotton 2,279,145 pounds; 15 stores, cap. $112,800; 1 cotton fac. 2,000 sp., 2 tanneries, 8 flouring m., 16 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $127,553. 5 acad. 210 students, 5 sch. 174 scholars. Pop. 1830, 13,261; 1840, whites 3,741, slaves 6,482. free col'd 37 ; toul, 10,260. Putna.m, county, O. Situated in the n. w, part of the state, and contains 376 sq. ms. Drain- ed !>y Auglaize r. and its tributaries. Surface undulating; soil, fertile. Capital, Kalida. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,570, sheep 2,335, swina 11,799 ; wheat 43,929 bush, produced, rye 1,203, Ind. corn 136,465, oats 20,587, potatoes 30,115, sugar 45,979 pounds ; 18 stores, cap. .«!32,625 ; 5 tanneries, 8 grist m., 11 saw m., 2 printing offi- ces. Cap. in manufac. $9,630. Pop. 5,189. Putnam, county, la. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 486 sq. ms. Organized in 1821. Drained by Walnut Fork of Eel r., and Big Racoon and Deer creeks, which afford water power. Capital, Greencastle. There were in 1840, neat cattle 16,022, sheep 21,077, swine 42,534 ; wheat 72,274 bush, produced, rye 2,212, Ind. com 824,792, oats 98,203, potatoes 25,783, tobacco 27,582 pounds, sugar 232,075 ; 39 stores, cap. $122,110; 1 fulling m., 13 tanneries, 10 dis- tilleries, 3 potteries, 3 flouring m., 33 grist m., 32 saw m., 2 oil m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly and 1 perioilical newspaper. Cap. in manuf $40,618. 1 acail. 87 students, 44 sch. 2,414 scholars. Pop. 16,842. Putnam, coijnty. 111. Situated toward the n. part of the state, and contains 325 sq. ms. The surface is undulating, and consists of prairie and forest ; soil, very fertile. Drained by Illinois r. and its branches, and by head branches of Spoon r. Capital, Hennepin. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,975, sheep 1,732, swine 6,410 ; wheat 40,885 bush, produced, Ind. corn 71,223, oats 46,572, potatoes 18,818, sugar 11,030 pounds; 9 stores, cap. $22,900 ; 1 tannery, 2 saw m., 2 print- ing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in man- ufac. $19,000. 12 sch. 675 scholars. Pop. 2,131. Putnam, p-t., Washington co., N. Y., 36 n. Sandy Hill, 90 n. by e. Albany. The surface is mountainous, and mostly unfit for cultivation. Crossed by Palmertown range, some peaks of which are 1,500 feet high. It has Lake Cham- plain on the E. and Lake George on the w. It contains 2 stores, cap. $4,500 : 2 grist m., 5 saw m., 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 784. Putnam, p-t., Muskingum co., O., 55 e. Co- lumbus, 340 W. Situated on Muskingum r., op- po.site Zanesville, with which it is connected by a handsome bridge. It has 1 acad. 150 students, 1 sch. 54 scholars. Pop. 1,071. Putnam, t., Livingston co., Mich. It has 2 stores, cap. $29,000 ; 5 sch. 177 scholars. Pop. 597. Putnam Valley, p-t., Putnam co., N. Y., 9 w. Carmel, 100 s. Albany. The surface is moun- tainous, being covered with the Highlands, with a broad and fertile valley, extending from N. to s. There are 7 small lakes or ponds in the t. Drain- ed by Peekskill cr., the outlet of Redfire lake. Iron ore is extensively Ibund. It has 2 forges, 3 stores, cap. $2,0U0 ; 1 lulling m., 5 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,100. 10 sch. 461 scho- lars. Pop. 1,659. Putnamville, p-v., Putnam co., la., 42 w. Indianapolis, 613 W. Situated on the national road, and contains 4 stores, various mechanic shops, 1 grist m., 1 tannery, and about 250 in- habitants. Putney, p-t., Windham co., Vt., Ills. Mont- QUE 555 pelier, 432 W. Situated on the w. side of Con- necticut r. The surface is uneven excepting near the streams, where are extensive and fertile intervales. Sacket's brook has a fall of 75 feet in 80 rods, and affords extensive water power. There are several other mill streams. The v. contains a Congregational church, several stores, and about 60 dwellings. There is also a Baptist church in the t. Chartered by N. H. in 1753, QUI and recharlered under N. Y. in 1766. First set- tled in 1754. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $25,000 ; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 2 paper fac, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $33,350. 12 sch. 462 scholars. Pop. 1,383. PvRAMUs, p-v., Bergen co., N. J., 83 n. e. Tren- ton, 249 W. PvRENNA, p-o., Elbert co., Ga., 115 n. n. e. MilledgevUle, 575 W. a. Quaker Bottom, p-o., Lawrence co., O., 123 s. by E. Columbus, 400 W. Quaker Hu.l, p-o., Pawlings t., Dutchess co., JN. Y., 92 s. Albany, 304 W. Quaker Springs, p-o., Saratoga t., Saratoga CO., N. Y., 32 N. Albany, 402 W. Quaker Springs, p-v., Columbia co., Ga., 103 E. N. e. MiUedgeville, 582 W. This settlement was formed by the Friends in 1750, who fled, alarmed by the murders of the Cherokees. It contains a number of dwellings. Quaker Street, p-o., Duanesburg t., Sche- nectady CO., N. Y. Quakertown, p-v., Kingwood t., Hunterdon CO., N. J., 31 N. w. Trenton, 191 W. It is called also Fairview, and contains 1 Friends church, 2 stores, and 15 or 20 dwellings. Quakertown, p-v., Richland t., Bucks co.. Pa., 37 N. N. w. Philadelphia, 101 e. Harrisburg, 174 W. It is neatly built on a single street, and con- tains 1 Friends church, 2 stores, 40 dwrellings, and about 250 inhabitants. Quallatown, p-v., Haywood co., N. C, 326 w. Raleigh, 556 W. Quant (CO, p-v., Somerset co., Md., 93 s. e. An- napolis, 133 W. Quay, p-o., Claiborne par., La., 367 n. w. New Orleans, 1,237 W. QuEEciiEE, r., Vt., rises in Sherburne, and after running 35 ms., falls into Connecticut r., in Hartland, about 2 ms. above Queechee falls. It receives a number of tributaries, and affords good water power. It is about 35 ms. long. Queechee Village, p-v., Hartford t., Windsor CO., Vt., 57 s. Montpelier, 487 W. Situated around the falls in Queechee r., 5 ms. above its mouth. It contains several stores, and a number of mills and minufactories. Que.mahoning, t., Somerset co.. Pa., 11 n. e. Somerset. The surface is hilly ; soil, light gravel. Stony cr. bounds it on the e. Drained by Mc- Conaughey run and Qnemahoning cr., Higgins' cr., and Will's cr. It has 1 store, cap. $4,000 ; 1 distillery, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 4 saw ni., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $2,800. 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 924. Queen Anne, county, Md. Situated in the e. part of the state, on the e. shore of Chesapeake bay, and contains 400 sq. ms. Kent island, in Chesapeake bay, belongs to it. Chester r. runs on its N. w. border, and Tuckahoe cr. on its E. border. Capital, Centreville. There were in 18 10, neat cattle 9,056, sheep 12,881,. swine 12,520; wheat 113,411 bush, produced, rye 35,767, Ind. corn 501,274 ; buckwheat 316, oats 117,765, pota- toes 15,275; 8 stores, cap. $10,000; 1 tannery, 5 grist m. 6 acad. 96 students, 12 sch. 334 scholars. Pop. whites 6,132, slaves 3,950, free col'd 2,541; total, 12,633. Queen Anne, p-v., Prince George's co., Md , 14 s. w. Annapolis, 26 W. Situated on the w. side of Patuxent r. Queens, county, N. Y. Situated toward the w. part of Long Island, having Long Island sound j and the East r. on the n., and the Atlantic ocean on the s., and contains 396 sq. ms. The soil is a loam on the n., and a light sand on the s. part. When well cultivated, the soil is productive. The shore is deeply indented by bays and in- lets, and several small streams flow into the sound, and into the ocean. There is a light-house on Sand's point, on Long Island sound. Capita!, North Hempstead. There were in 1810, neat cattle 14,181, sheep 26,477, swine 21,513 ; wheat 97,741 bush, produced, rye 105,399, Ind. corn 336,401, buckwheat 64,027, barley 3,5:3, oats 348,447, potatoes 21^,121; 83 stores, cap. $253,':i00 ; 13 lumber yards, cap. $25,050; 7 fulling m., 7 woollen fac, 5 tanneries, 1 rope fac, 1 distillery, 1 glass cutting establishment, 7 flouring m, 41 grist m., 17 sawm., 3 paper fac, 4 printing otlices, 3 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $307,950. 1 college, 36 students, 8 acad. 429 students, 78 sch. 3,670 scholars. Pop. 30,324. Queensborough, p-v., Anderson dist., S. C, 113 w. n. w. Columbia, 529 W. Queensbury, p-t., VVarren co., N.Y., 57 N. Al- bany, 429 W. The surface is undulating and hilly on the w. ; soil, sand and productive loam. Drained by Wood cr. on the n., and watered by Hudson r. on the s. It contains the v. of Glen's Falls. It has 25 stores, cap. $65,000 ; 1 fuUing m., 1 tannery, 1 powder m., 1 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,600. 1 acad. 44 students, 22 sch. 918 scholars. Pop. 3,798. QuEE.vsDALK, p-v., Robeson CO., N. C, 110 s. s. w. Raleigh, 406 W. QuEENSTowN, p-v., Queen Anne co., Md., 26 E. Annapolis, 66 W. Situated on the s. E. side of Chester bay. Queen's Grove, p-o., Switzerland co., la., 102 s. E. Indianapolis, 538 W. QuiLLiNSviLLE, p V., Scott CO., Va., 351 w.by N. Richmond, 419 W. QuiNcv, p-t., Norfolk co., Mass., 9 s. by E. Boston, 449 W. The surface is diversified ; soil, fertile and well cultivated. It contains large tracts of salt meadow. Three ms. back from the bay is an elevated range, in some parts rising over 600 feet above tiie sea, containing an inex- haustible supply of excellent granite, which is extensively exported. A railroad extends Irom the quarry, 3 ms., to tidewater on Neponset r., constructed in 18i6, and was the first work of the kind in the United States. First settled in 1625. Separated from Braintree and chartered in 1792. Some vessels are owned here, employed chiefly in the fisheries. It has 15 stores, cap. $27,600 ; 4 lumber yards, cap. $19,400 ; 2 tanneries, 1 print- ing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manu- fac $112,150. 8 acad. 137 students, 6 sch. 708 scholars. Pop. 3,486. QuiNcv, p-t., Franklin co.. Pa., 57 s. w. Har- risburg, 83 W. It has 7 stores, cap. $22,300 ; I furnace, 3 forges, 2 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 6 flouring m., 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $^22,500. 8 sch. 253 scholars. Population 2,503. RAC 556 RAH QuiNCV, p-v., Miami t., Logan co., 0.,63 n. w. Columbus, 462 W. QuiNcv, p-t., Branch co., Mich., 104 w. s. w. Detroit, 552 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. It has 4 sell. 67 scholars. Pop. 49'1 QiJiNCY, p-v., capital of Gadsden co., Flor., 23 N. w. Tallahassee, 873 W. Situated on tlie w. side of Attapulgus cr. Laid out in 1825, and contains a court house, jail, 3 churches — 1 Pres- byterian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist — and about 690 inliabitants. QuiNcv, p-v., Monroe co., Miss., 181 n. e. Jack- son, 912 W. QuiNCY, p-v., capital of Adams co., 111., 104 s. Springfield, 884 W. Situated on a bluff, on the e. side of Mississippi r., 125 ms. above the mouth of Illinois r., by water, and contains a court house, which cost $'20,00(), 4 churches — 1 Congregation- alist, 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist, and 1 Baptist — 25 stores, a United States land office, a large steam flouring and saw m., a carding machine, about 200 dwelhngs, and 1,500 inhabitants. The court house stands on a fine public square. Tliere are about 300 steamboat arrivals annually ; and pork is annually exported to the amount of $100,000. QoiNCY, p-v., Gibson co.,Temi., 144 w. Nash- ville, 827 W. Quitman, p-v., capital of Clark co.. Miss., 140 E. by .s. Jack.son, 951 W. Situated on the e. side of Chickasawha r. It contains a court house, 2 .stores, and 75 inhabitants. QuiNNEnAUG, r., Ct., rises in Mashapaug pond, in Union, Ct., and passes into Brimfield, Mass., where it receives a considerable branch, whence it proceeds s. e. until it re-enters Conn. Its course is then s. 30 miles, until it unites with the She- tucket, 3 ms. above Norwich city. It has falls which afford great water power. QuiNNiPiAC, r., Ct., rises in Farmington, and pursues a southerly course, 30 ms., when it enters New Haven harbor, where a long bridge crosses it. Quogue, p-v., Southampton t., Suffolk co., N. Y., 235 s. s. e. Albany, 315 W. Situated on the s. side of Long Island, and contains 1 Methodist church, 2 stores, and a number of scattered dwell- ings. It is much resorted to in the summer for sea air and tiie abundance of game in the vicinity. R. Raby, p-o., Lawrence co., O. Rabun, county, Ga. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 330 sq. ms. The Blue Ridge passes along its e. border. Drained by Turoree and Chatuga rivers, and their branches, which unite in the s. point of the co., to form Tugaloo r. It is an elevated table land. Capi- tal, Clayton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,790, sheep 2,024, swine 8,526; wheat 1,452 bush, produced, rye 1,635, Ind. com 62,521, oats 13,151, potatoes 4^734, tobacco 3,208 pounds; 3 stores, cap. $5,000; 1 tannery, 13 distilleries, 23 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,000. 4 sch. 131 scholars. Pop. whites 1,82S, slaves 81; total, 1,912. Racoon, t., Gallia co., O., 94 s. e. Columbus. Organized in 1806. Watered by Racoon cr. It has 5 stores, cap. $3,250 ; 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,200. Pop. 1,610. Racoon, island, p-o., Gallia co., O. Racoon, p-o., Laurel co., Ky. Racoon, p-o.. Smith t., Washuigton co., Pa., 220 w. Harrisburg, 245 \V. Racoon Foro, p-o., Culpepper co., Va., 98 n. N. w. Richmond, 8'.> W. Situated on the bank of Rapid Ann r., 15 ms. above its entrance into the Rappahannock. Racine, county, Wis. Situated in the s. E. part of the ter., and contains 610 sq. ms. Lake Michigan lies on its e. border. Drained by Des Plaines, Fox, Pike, and Root rivers. The surface is undulating ; .soil, very fertile. Capital, Racine. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,506, sheep 340, swine 6,459 ; wheat 3l),0'jy bush, produced, Ind. corn 30,16^, buckwheat 3,131, barley 1,796, oats 41,028, potatoes 53,667, sugar 6,051 pounds; 2 commission houses, cap. $2,500; 19 stores, cap. $83,950 ; 2 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in miuiurac. $24,837. 2 ucad. 65 students, 20 sch. 607 scho- lars. Pop. 3,475. Racine, p-t., capital of Racine co.. Wis., 112 E. by s. Madison, 7S() W. Situated at the mouth of Root r.,on Lake Michigan. It contains a court house, jail, 10 stores, and about 300 inhabitants. There are in the t. 2 acad. 65 students. Popu- lation 500. Race, at the e. end of Long Island sound, be- tween Connecticut shore and Long Island. A, reef of deeply sunken rocks, when the tide, which is here rapid, is flowing, gives an agitated appear- ance to the water. Racket, r., N. Y., rises in Hamilton co., and flows in a northerly direction through St. Law- rence CO., and falls into the St. Lawrence at the N. boundary of the state, opposite to the island of Cornwall, in Canada. It originates in numerous lakes and ponds, and is 145 ms. long. Racket, r., p-o., Plymouth co., Mass. Radnor, p-t., Delaware co., O., 32 n. Colum- bus, 416 W. It is principally settled by emi- grants from Wales, and received its name from a place in that country. It has 5 sch. 150 schol- ars. Pop. 1,174. Radnor, t., Delaware co.. Pa., 13 n. w. Phila- delphia. Watered by Darby cr. It contains 3 churches. It has 3 stores, cap. $10,000; 1 lum ber yard, cap. $5,000 ; 2 tanneries, 1 pottery, 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,000. 3 sch. 122 scholars. Pop. 1,205. Ragdai.es Stand, p-o.. La Fayette co., Miss., 144 N. N. E. Jackson, 927 W. Ragged, mts., N. H., is a precipitous range about 10 ms. long, between Merrimac and Graf- ton counties, in some parts nearly 2,000 feet high. Ragged Island, t., Lincoln co.. Me. Pop. 17. Raiiwav, p-t., Essex co., N. J., 9 s. w. New- ark, 39 N. E. Trenton, 205 W. The surface is level ; soil, red shale, and well cultivated. Drained by Rahway r. and its tributaries. The V. is partly in Woodbridge t., Middlesex co., and partly in Rahway t., Essex co., on both sides of Uahwdy r., at the head of tide, 5 miles from its mouth. The v. is in 4 detached parts, and con- tains 6 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, 2 Friends, (1 orthodox and 1 Hick- site,) and 1 African — the Atiienian Academy, with a building 63 feet long and 36 wide, 2 stories high, the Rahway Female Institute, a bank and insurance oflice, 30 stores, a large saw m., about 400 dwellings, and 2,000 inhabitants The railroad from Jersey City to Philadelphia passes through the place. There are in the t. 10 stores, cap. $21,100; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 paper fac, 14 flouring m., 4 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $355,525. 1 acad. 41 students, 7 sch. 244 scholars. Pop. 2,53a RAL 557 RAN Raibone's Creek, p-o., Laurens dist., S. C, 78 w. N. w Columbus. Rail Roads. An account of these will be found under the states in which they are located. Rail Road Plains, p-o., White co., Tenn., 105 E. Nashville, 576 W. Rainesburg, p-v., Bedford co.. Pa., 113 w. Har- risburg, 129 W. It contains 2 stores and about 25 dwellings. Raine's Store, p-o., Twiggs co., Ga.. 35 s. Milledgeville, 683 W. Raine's Tavern, p-o., Cumberland co., Va., 65 vv. Richmond, 155 W. Rainsboro', p v.. Paint t.. Highland co., O., 77 s. w. Columbus, 432 W. Rainsville, pv., Warren co., la., 90 n. w. Indianapolis, 651 W. Raisin, r., Mich., rises in Wheatland t., Hills- dale CO., and after a very winding course of 130 ms., it enters Lake Erie, 2i ms. below Monroe. The distance from its source to its mouth, in a direct line, is about 60 miles. It has high and beautiful banks, a rapid current, and affords very extensive water power. Its name was derived from the numerous grape vines which formerly lined its banks. Raisin, p-t., Lenawee co., Mich. Watered by Raisin r. The soil is fertile, and well adapted to grain. It has 1 distillery, 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,000. 1 acad. 27 students, 6 &ch. 285 scholars. Pop. 1,117. Raisinville, t., Monroe co., Mich. It has a fertile soil, adapted to grain. Drained by Raisin r. It has 1 paper fac, 2 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $37,000. 3 sch. 70 scholars. Pop. 683. Raleigh, city. Wake co., N. C, and capital of the state, is pleasantly situated, a few miles w. of Neuse r., 27 n. w. Smithfield, the nearest ordi- nary point of navigation, 123 n. w. Newbern, 60 N. Fayetteville, 164 s. s. w. Richmond, Va., 288 W.— 35° 47' N. lat. and 78" 48' w. Ion. It has an elevated and pleasant situation in a healthy coun- try, and is laid out with great regularity. In the centre of the place is Union square, containing 10 acres, from which extend 4 streets, dividing it into 4 quarters. In the centres of these quarters are 4 other squares, of 4 acres each. The 4 largest streets are 99 feet wide, and the others 66. The state house is a superb granite edifice, 166 feet long, 90 feet wide, and surrounded by mas- sive granite columns, 5? feet in diameter, and 30 feet high. It is after the model of the Parthenon at Athens. It has a splendid dome, and exten- sive legislative and other apartments, and cost $500,0;X). The other public buildings are a court house, jail, governor's house, secretary of state's office, a theatre, a market, 2 banks, 5 churches — 1 Episcopal, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Bap- tist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Roman Catholic — and 400 dwellings. There were in 1840, 43 stores, cap. $191,200; 4 priming offices, 2 binderies, 5 week- ly and 1 semi-weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $36,800 ; 4 acad. 95 students, 2 sch. 33 scholars. Pop. 2,244. The former state house, containing a beautiful marble statue of Washington, by Canova, was burned in 1831. Raleigh, p-v., capital of Shelby co., Tenn., 220 w. s. w. Nashville, 905 W. Situated on the N. side of Wolf r., and contains a courthouse, jail, 4 stores, and about 250 inhabitants. Raleigh, p-v., capital of Smith co.. Miss., 87 K. s. E. Jackson, 992 W. Situated on a branch of Leaf r. It contains a court house and about 50 inhabitants. Ralls, county. Mo. Situated toward the n. K. part of the state, and contains 470 sq. ms. The eurface is undulating ; so'l, fertile. Drained by Salt r. and its branches. Capital, New London. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,440, sheep 6,344, swine 17,245 ; wheat 23,954 bushels pro- duced, rye 1,524, Ind. com 240,225, oats 34,1-13, potatoes 9,366, tobacco 97,119 pounds; sugar 10,984; 9 stores, cap. $48,100; 4 tanneries, 7 dis- tilleries, 1 flouring m., 15 grist m., 11 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $33,960. 1 acad. 38 students, 9 sch. 243 scholars. Pop. whites 5,450, slaves 1,209, free col'd 11 ; total, 5,670. Ralston, p-o., Lycoming co.. Pa., 115 n. Har- risburg, 225 SV. Ramah, p-o., Wilkinson co., Ga. Ramapo, r., N. Y., rises in Orange co., and flows in a southerly direction through a part of Rock- land CO. into New Jersey, where it empties in'.o the Passaic r. It affords good water power. Ramapo, t., Rockland co., N. Y., 8 w. New City v., 133 s. Albany. The surface is hilly and mountainous; soil, productive in the valleys. Drained by Ramapo and Saddle rivers, branches of the Passaic. The New York and Erie rail- road passes through the t. It has 8 stores, cap. $25,000 ; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 516 sp., 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 5 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,250. 8 sch. 315 schol- ars. Pop. 3,222. Ramapo Works, p-v., Ramapo t., Rockland CO., N. Y., 113 s. by w. Albany, 265 W. Situ- ated on Ramapo r., which affords water power. It contains 1 church, 1 store, 1 saw m., 1 grist m., 1 cotton fac, 1 iron foundry, 1 rolling m., 1 nail fac, 1 screw fac, and about 60 dwellings, chiefly inhabited by persons engaged in manufactories. Ramsaysburg, p-v., Knowlton t., Warren co., N. J., 61 N. by w. Trenton, 216 W. Situated on the E. bank of Delaware r., and contains an Epis- copal church, 1 store, and 10 or 12 dwellings. Ramsey's Mills, p-o., Jefferson co., la., 86 s. s. E. Indianapolis, 569 W. Ra.msborough, p-v., Guilford co., N. C, 95 w. n. w. Raleigh, 2J0 W. Ranaleburg, p-v., Mecklenburg co., N. C, 174 s. w. Raleigh, 413 W. Rancocus, cr., N. J., rises in Monmouth co., and flows northwestwardly into Delaware r. Rancocus, p-o., Burlington co., N. J. Randallstown, p-v., Baltimore co., Md., 40 N. Annapolis, 50 W. Randallsville, p-v., Robeson co., N. C, 85 s. s. w. Raleigh, 373 W. Situated on a branch of Lumber r. In the vicinity is Floral College, an institution for young ladies. It contains 3 teach- ers and about 60 pupils. Randolph, county, Va. Situated toward the N. w. part of the state, and contains 2,060 sq. ms. Laurel and Cheat mountains run through the co., from s. to N., inclining to the e. Drained by ("heat r. and its branches, on the e. side of the mountains, and by branches of East Fork on the w. side, all of which constitute head branches of Monongahela r. Capital, Bevedy. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,166, sheep 13,818, swine 0,349; wheat 27,212 bushels produced, rye 6,861, Ind. corn 151.009, buckwheat 5,039, oats 86,784, potatoes 29,732, tobacco 7,2S0 pounds, sugar 81,240; 10 stores, cap. $65,500; 5 tanneries, 10 distilleries, 42 grist m., 23 saw m. Cap. in man- uac. $27,259. 5 sch. 108 scholars. Pop. whites 5,799, slaves 216, free col'd 193 ; total, 6,208. Randolph, county, N. C. Situated a little e. of the centre of the state, and contains 900 sq. ms. Drained by Deep cr. and its branches, and by branches of Yadkin r. The surface is diver- sified ; soil, fertile. Capital, Ashboro'. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,111, sheep 13,962, swine 25,529; wheat 78,095 bushels produced. RAN 558 RAN rye 1,95'2, Ind. com 295,828, oats 47,671, potatoes 9,607, tobacco 80,790 pounds, cot'on 81,533 ; 23 stores, cap. .S47,3yO ; 2 cotton fac. 1,156 sp., 16 tanneries, 40 distilleries, 2 potteries, 24 flouring ni, 27 grist m., 33 saw m., 1 printing odice, 1 periodical and 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in niantifac, $151,189. 2 acad. 65 students, 2 sch. 3i scholars. Pop. whiles 11,107, slaves 1,407, free col'd 361 ; total, 12,875. Kandoli'ii, county, Ga. Situated toward the s. w. part of the .state, and contains 620 sq. miles. C'hailalioochee r. runs on its w. border, and re- ceives Petavvlah cr. Drained also by branches of Flint r. Orgtinized in 1828. Capital, Cuth- bert. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,834, sheep 3.i7, swine 5,947; wheat 1,276 bushels produced, Ind. corn 63,740, oats 2,301, potatoes 6,513, cotton 3:i7,067 pounds; 4 stores, cap. $-<,1(J0 ; 2 grist m., 1 saw m., 3 sch. 97 scholars. ]'op. whiles 5,556, slaves 2,679, free col'd 11; total, 8,276. Randolph, county, Ala. Situated m the e. part of the state, and contains 875 sq. ms. Drain- ed by Tallapoosa r. and Little Tallapoosa r., and their branches. Capital, McDonald. There were in 1810, neat cattle 3S,234, sheep 3,356, swine 19,740 ; wheat 13,426 bushels produced, Ind. corn 918,997, oats 5,031, potatoes 21,541, to- bacco 2,239 pounds, cotton 240,540 ; 11 grist in., 5 saw m., 3 sch. 302 scholars. Pop. whites 4,446, slaves 526, free col'd 1 ; total, 4,973. R.v.NDOLPH, county, la. Situated in the e. part of the stale, and contains 440 sq. miles. Drained by the w. fork of White r., and by 31is- sisinevva r. and their branches. The surface is un- dulating; soil, very fertile. Organized in 1818. Capital, Winchester. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,564, sheep 11,444, swine 27,341; wheat 63,639 bushels produced, lye 2,626, Ind. corn 401,291, oats 115,846, potatoes 25,893, tobacco 8,325 pounds, sugar 167,782; 17 stores, cap. §27,800; 8 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2flouring m., 17 grist m., 20 saw m. Cap. in nianufac. $6,080. 25 sch. 610 scholars. Pop. 10,684. R.\ND0LPH, county. 111. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, andi contains 540 square miles. Drained by Kaskaskia r. and its branches, and St. Mary, Horse, and smaller creeks, all of which flow into the Mississippi, which bounds it on the s. w. The surface and the soil are various. It is the oldest county in the state, excepting St. Clair. Capital, Kaskaskia. There were in 1840, neat cattle, 16,847, sheep 7,6SS, swine 25,338 ; w^heal 56,792 bushels produced, rye 1,042, Indian corn 301,342, oats 76,051, potatoes 18,177, tobacco 11,174 pounds, cotton 5,776, sugar 719; 10 commission houses, cap. .$51,000; 32 stores, cap. $78,820; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 6 tanneries, 4 distillerie.s, 6 flouring m., 8 grist m., 11 saw m., 2 printing offices. 2 weekly newspa- pers. Cap. in manufac. $89,150. 1 college 50 students, I acad. 25 students, 14 sch. 403 schol- ars. Pop. 7,944. Randolph, county, Mo. Situated n. of the centre of the state, and contains 450 square ms. Drained by the e. fork of Chariton r., and by Sil- ver cr., which flow into the Mi.--souri. The sur- face is level; soil, fertile. Capital, Iluntsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,369, sheep 9,443, swine 24,433; wheat 13,693 bush, produced, Ind. corn 371,875, oats 77,172, potatoes 13,187, tobac- co 841,204 pounds, sugar 9,067 ; 20 stores, capital $83,300; 4 tanneries, 10 distilleries, 15 gri>t m., 8 saw m. Cap. in nianufac. $49,218. 25 sch. 655 scholars. Pop. whiles 5,749, slaves 1,437, free col'd 12; total, 7,198. Randolph, county, Ark. Situated in the n. E. part of the state, and contains 820 square ms. Drained by head branches of Big Black r. Cap- ital, Pocahontas. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 4,174, sheep 2,586, swine 12,454 ; wheat 5,843 bush, produced, Ind. corn 86,170, oats 9,940, po- tatoes 5,761, tobacco 3,150 pounds, cotton 8,1.56 ; 6 stores, cap. $3,950 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 8 distilleries, 9 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $7,655. 25 schools 655 scholars. Pop. whites 1,973, slaves216, free colored 7; total, 2,196. Randolph, p-t., Coos co., N. H., 99 n. Con- cord, 5':!2 W. Situated immediately n. of the White mountains. Chartered in 1772. Drained by the s. branch of Ammonoosuc r., and by a head branch of Israel's r. It contains some good soil. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $400. 3 sch. 35 scholars. Pop. 1 15. Randolph, p-t.. Orange co., Vt., 23 s. Montpe- lier, 498 W. The surface is elevated, and not much broken ; soil, fertile, and well cultivated. Drained by the second and third branches of White r., which afTord water power. The v. oc- cupies a high and commanding situation, and contains a Congregational church, a flourishing academy, several stores, and a considerable num- ber of handsome dwellings. There are in the t. 7 stores, capital $17,000; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 3 grist m., 10 saw m., 1 oil ra. Cap. hi manufac. $33,325. I acad. 181 students, 21 sch. 915 scholars. Pop. 2,678. Randolph, p-t., Norfolk co., Mass., 16 s. Bos- ton, 414 W. The surface is undulating; soil, strong, and productive. Drained by Mantiquot r., which affords water power. A considerable pond lies on its n. w. border. Incorporated from Brain- tree in 1793. The v. is on an extended street, and contains a Congregational and a Baptist church, a number of stores, and about 100 dwell- ings. Two ms. E. is a v. which contains a Con- gregational and a Baptist church, and about 60 dwellings. Tiiere is a bank and a third Baptist church in the t. There are in the t. 20 stores, capital $96,400 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $235,985. I acad. 90 students, 11 sch. 820 scholars. Pop. 3,213. Randolph, p-t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 313 w. by s. Albany, 336 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, well alars. Pop. 1,108. Red Hill, a summit in IMoiiltoiiborough t.^ Grafton co., N. H., is situated a little n. of Win- nipiseogee lake, and commands an extensive and fine view of that romantic region. Red Hill, p-o., Kershaw dist., S. C, 49 n. e. Columbia, 488 W. Red Hill, p-o., Murray co., Ga., 198 n. w. Milledgeville, 623 W. Red Hill, p-o., Marshall co., Ala., 120 n. e^ Tuscaloosa, 718 W. Red Hill, p-o.. Granger co., Tenn., 218 Ev Nashville, 4S8 W. Red Hook, p-t., Dutchess co., N. Y., 22 Nw Poughkeepsie, 49 s. Albany, 321 W. The sur- face is rolling; soil, clay and loam. Hudson river bounds it on the w. A few small streams flow into the Hudson. It has 2 landings, called Lower Red Hook and Upper Red Hook. Lower Red Hook v. is situated 3 ms. E. of the landing, and contains 1 Dutch Reformed church, 4 stores, 50 dwellings, and about 350 inhabitants. Upper Red Hook v. is 4 ms. s. s. e. of the upper landing, and contahis 1 Dutch Reformed church, an acad- emy, 3 stores, 40 dwellings, and about 300 inhab- itants. There are in the t. 1 1 stores, cap. $26,000 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $7,.500 ; 1 tannery, 7 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $44,800. 1 acad. 33 students, 5 sch. 155 scholars. Pop. 2,829. Red House, p-o., Charlotte co., Va., 103 w. s. w. Richmond, 193 W. Red House, p-o., Caswell co., N. C, 69 n. w, Raleigh, 255 W. Red House Shoals, p-o.. Mason co., Va., 377 w. N. w. Richmond, 374 W. Red Lion, p-v., and hundred. New Castle co.,- Del., 35 N. Dover, 122 W. The v. is situated on Red Lion cr., which derives its name from l\\& principal tavern. There are in the h. 5 stores, cap. $23,000 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $3,000. Cap. in manufac. $3,450. 3 sch. 135 scholars. Pop. 1,401. Red Lion, p-o.. Clear Creek t., Warren co., O., 90 s. w. Columbus, 474 W. It contains 1 store, several mechanic shops, and about 75 inhabitants. Red 3Iills, p-o., Carmel t., Putnarn co., N. Y., 107 s. Albany, 280 W. Red Mound, p-o., Henderson co., Tenn., 114 w. s. w. Nashville, 799 W. Red Mountain, p-o.. Orange co., N. C, 39 n, vv. Raleigh, 265 W. Red Oak, p-o., Columbia co., Ga., 101 E, ff. K- 1 Millec^evUle, 589 W RED 562 REI Red Oak Grove, p-o., Charlotte co., Va., 1121 s. w. Richmond, 210 W. Rki) P),ains, p o., Surry co., N. C, 123 w. n. w. Raleigh. 336 W. Rkd, r., La., Ark., &c., is the first large r. which enters the Mississ-ippi above its mouth, and rises at the base of llie range of the Rocky mountains, near Santa l'"c, in 3Iexico. It is Ibrincd by sev- eral head branches, and receives several tributa- ries, the largest of which are Blue r. and False Washita. The s. bank of it forms, for a great dis- tance, the boundary between tiie United States and Texas. A greater part of its course is through rich prairies of a red soil, which colors the water of the r., and lias been the origin of its name. Its shores are covered wiih grass, and abound witli grape-vine.-i, which produce an excellent fruit. About 100 nis. ab(jve IVatchitoches commences what is denominated the Reft, which consists of a swampy expansion of the r. to the width of 20 or 30 ms., and has a length of 60 or 70 ms. The r. divides into a great number of channels, many of which are shallow, and these channels have been obstructed by fallen trees, brought down by floods from its upper parts. In some places, the raft covered the whole r., and had grass and willows growing on the alluvial soil collected on it, and could be even crossed on horseback, though not without danger. But more generally the r. appeared between the masses of timber. At a great expense, this raft has been so far re- moved by the U. S. government, that steamboats pass through it. Boats sometimes pass the raft by leaving the r. above it, in a channel which flows out of it into some neighboring lake, and following the outlet of this lake, until it joins the r. below the raft. This raft has been a serious obstruction, as the r. would otherwise be naviga- ble for steamboats 400 ins., and the lands on its borders are highly fertile, and desirable for culti- vation for a great distance above the raft. Below the raft, and 4 ms. above Natchitoches, the whole volume of the r. is again united, but very soon divides into many channels, and fills an immense number of bayous and lakes, that lie parallel to it. In its lower parts, the main channel of the r. is narrower than above the raft. Red River, t., Lafayette co., Ark. Pop. 631. Red River, t., White co., Ark. It has 2 grist m. Red River, p-o., Robertson co., Tenn., 36 n. Na.shville, 718 W. Red River Iron Works, p-v., Estell co., Ky., 74 s. E. Frankfort, 529 W. Situated s. side of Red r., and contains 75 inhabitants. Red Rock, p-o., Wayne co.. Pa., 179 N. E. Har- risburg, 276 W. Red Shoals, p-o., Stokes co., N. C, 135 w. n. w. Raleigh, 323 W. Redstone, t., Fayette co.. Pa. It has 1 wool- len fac, 1 distillery, 1 paper fac, 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $24,695. 2 sch. 59 scholars. Pop. 1,159. Red Sulphur Springs, pv., Monroe co., Va., 249 w. Richmond, 286 W. Situated on Indian cr., 40 ms. s. w. of White Sulphur Springs. It flows from a rock into a quadrangular reservoir, composed of 4 slabs of white marble, the lower edges of which rest upon the rock from which the water flows. The reservoir is 6 feet long, 5 wide, and 4i deep, and a red substance covers the bottom and the lower part of the sides, giving to the water a red tinge. The water is clear and cool, has a temperature of 51° of Fahrenheit, and is charged with sulphuretted hydrogen gas, and several neutral salts. It is on a triangular plain, surrotinded by mountains, and is covered by an octagon building, the second story of which i» used as a chapel. There are 2 large hotels, and 3 rows of cabins of 2 rooms each, for the accom- modation of families. The hotels are well kept. Redwood, p-v., Alexandria t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 188 N. w. Albany, 440 W. Situated at the head of Bulterfield lake, and contains 2 stores, 1 large glass fac, 1 grist m., 2 saw ni., 35 dwell- ings, and about 200 inhabitants. Redwood Grove, p-o., E. Baton Rouge par., La. Reed, t, Seneca co., O. It has 1 store. Cap. in manufac. §690. 8 sch. 259 scholars. Pop. 1,214. RKEDsnoRour.H, t., Bennington co., Vt., 12 s. K. Bennington, IS .«i. w. Brattleboro'. The sur- face is mountainous, being in the Green moun- tain range, and much of it is unfit for cultivation. Watered by Ueerfield r. and a considerable branch, which afford water power. The turn- pike from Bennington to Brattleboro', across the mountain, passes through its n. part. It has 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $41,750. 4 sch. 127 scholars. Pop. 767. Reedsborough City, p-v., ReediIil- ledgeville, 63S W. RocKviLLE, p-v., capital of Parke co., la., 64 VV. Indianapolis, 636 W. It contains a court house, jail, 10 stores, a printing office, about 100 dwell- ings, and 650 inhabitants. ROCKVILLE, p-v.. Will CO., 111., 162 n. n. E. Springfield, 716 W. RocKviLLE, p-v., Monroe co., Tenn., 164 e. s. E. Nashville, 537 W. Rockwell, p-o., Cleveland co., N. C. Rocky Hill, p-v., Wethersfield t., Hartford CO., Ct., 7 s. Hartford, 333 W. Situated on the w. side of Connecticut r., and contains a Con- gregational church, surrounded by a pleasant v. It has a good landing place on the r. Some ves- sels are built here. Rock Comfort, cr., Ga., rises w. of Warren- ton, and runs s. into Ogeechee r., just below Louisville, and affords water power. Rocky Hill, p-v., Montgomery t., Somerset CO., N. J., 12 s. w. SomerviUe, 14 n. by e. Tren- ton, 185 W. Situated on 3Iillstone r., and con- tains 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 woollen fac, and about 15 dwellings. Rocky Hill, p-o., Jackson co., O., 77 s. by e. Columbus, 331 W. Rocky Hill, p-o.. Barren co., Ky., 129 s. w. Frankfort, 652 W. Rocky Mount, p-v., capital of Franklin co., Va., 179 w. by s. Richmond, 254 W. Situated on a tributary of Roanoke r., and contains a court house, jail, 2 stores, 1 tannery, 1 iron furnace in the vicinity, which employs 100 laborers, and about 180 inhabitants. ROM 576 ROM Rocky Mount, p-v., Nauh co., N. C, 56 b. Raleigh, 242 W. Rocky Mount, p-v., Meriwether co., Ga., 102 w. MillfdgeviUe. 721 VV. RocKv Mount, p-v., Wilcox co., Ala., 119 s. Tuscaloosa, 911 W. Rocky Mount, p-v., Sullivan co., Tenn., 294 E. by N. Nashville, 401 W. Rocky Mount, p-o,. Miller co.. Mo., 50 s. Vf. Jefferson City, 9S5 VV. Rocky Mount, po., Kemper co.. Miss., 115 e. N. E. Jackson, 912 W. Rocky Narrows, p-o., Monroe Co., O., 127 e. Columbus, 280 W. Rocky Spring, p-v., Franklin co.. Pa., 49 w. by s. llarrisbiirg, 94 W. RocKV SiMUNG, p-v., Rockingham co., N. C, 123 N. w. Raleigh, 393 W. Rocky Spring, po., Jackson co., Ala., 188 n. E. Tuscaloosa, 645 W. Rocky Spring, p-o., Granger co., Tenn., 229 E. Nashville, 453 W. Rocky Spring, p-o., Claiborne par., Miss., 45 N. w. Jackson, 1,055 W. RoDGERSviLLE, p-v., Lauderdale co., Ala., 131 N. Tuscaloosa, 756 W. Rodman, p-t., Jefferson co., N. Y., lis. Water- town, 163 N. w. Albany, 408 W. Thesnrfaceis nndulating ; soil, a I'erlile sandy and clay loam. Drained by Sandy cr. The v. is situated on Sandy cr., and contains 3 churches — 1 Presby- terian, 1 Baptist, and I Methodist — 3 stores, 1 grist ro., 2 .saw m., 2 carding and fulling m., 1 tannery, 35 dwellings, and about 200 inhaljilants. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $12,000; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 grist ni. Cap. in manufac. $8,000. 21 sch. 660 scholars. Pop. 1,702. Rodney, p-v., Decatur co., Ga., 215 s. a.w. Milledgeville, 872 W. Rodney, p-v., Jefferson co.. Miss., 92 s. w. Jack- son, 1,192 W. Situated on the e. side of Missis- sippi r. It contains 8 stores, and about 500 in- habitants. RoDOLPiiiL, p-o., Amelia co., Va., 52 s. w. Richmond, 169 W. Rodericksville, p-o., Berks co-, Pa., 74 e. Harrisburg, 167 W. Rodger.s Store, p-o., Wake co., N. C, 16 Raleigh, 283 W. Rogersvii.le, p-v., Anderson dist., S. C, 131 w. N. w. Columbia, 560 W. Rogersvili.e, p-v., capital of Hawkins co., Tenn., 216 e. by n. Nashville. 436 W. Situated a little N. of Holston r., and contains a court house, jail, several stores and dwellings. Rohrersvilt.e, p-v., Washington co., Md. RoHR.sBURG, p-v., Columbia co., Pa., 93 e. n. e. Harrisburg, 201 W. Rokeby. po., Morgan co., O., 74 E. by s. Co- lumbus, 337 W. RoLEsviLLE, p-v.. Wake co., N. C, 21 n. n. e. Raleigh, 279 W. Situated 3 ms. n. e. of Neuse r., and contains 150 inhabitants. RoLERSviLLE, p-v., Sandusky co., O., 42 n. Co- lumbus, 437 W. Roi.i.iN, p-t., Lenawee co., Mich., 79 s. w. De- troit, 519 W. The soil is very fertile, adapted to grain. Watered by Tiffin's cr. The v. is situated on Bean cr., whicli affords water power. It has 1 grist m., 3 saw in. ("ap. in manufac. $10,300. 4 sch. 174 scholars. Pop. 581. Rolling Fork, po., Nelson co., Ky., 77 s. w. Frankfort, 599 W. Rollin's Store, p-o., Moore co., N. C. Rome, p-t., Kennebec co.. Me., 20 n. n. w. Augusta, 613 W. It has a large pond on its n. border, another on the e., and a third on its s^ border. All these hav6 their ontlet into the Kennebec in Waterville. Incorporated in 1804, The soil is adapted to grain. It has 1(» sch. 477 scholars. Pop. 987. Rome, p-t., and semi-capital of Oneida co., N. Y., 107 N. w. Albany, 391 W. The surface is chiefly level, or gently undulating ; soil, a fertile clay and sandy loam. Drained by Mohawk r., on which is excellent land, and Wood cr., which flows in'o Oneida lake. These two streams were connected by a small canal, before the con- struction of the Erie canal, which was bought out when the latter was made. Tlie v. is on the Mohawk r. and the Erie canal, and contains 6 churches, 1 bank, 1 female seminary, a United States arsenal, with a magazine and workshops, 25 stores, 1 cotton fac, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 brew- ery, 1 blast furnace, 350 dwellings, and about 2,500 inhabitants. The Black r. canal here unites with the Erie canal, and the Syracuse and Utica railroad passes through the v. This was the site of old Fort Stanwyx, built in 1758, and rebuilt in the revolutionary war, and called Fort Schuyler. There are in the t. 33 stores, cap. $227,13J ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 900 sp., 1 furnace, 3 tanneries, 1 brewery, 2 potteries, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 2 grist m., 15 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $148,860. 3 acad. 307 students, 21 sch. 1,290 scholars. Pop. 5,680. Rome, p-t., Bradford co.; Pa., 142 n. Harris- burg, 252 W. It has 1 store, cap. $400; 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,300. 6 sch. 195 scholars. Pop. 817. Rome, t., Croiwford co., Pa. It has 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,000. 4 sch. 94 scholars. Pop. 737. Rome, py., capital of Floyd co., Ga., 161 n. w. Milledgeville, 672 W. Situated on the point formed by the junction of the Etowah and Oostanaula rivers. It cwitains a court house, jail, 2 churches — 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist — an academy, 3 stores, 30 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Rome, p-v., Smith co., Tenn., 45 n. e. Nasli- ville, 639 W. Situated on the s. side of Tennes- see r. It contains 2 stores and several dwell- ings. Rome, rv-t., Ashtabula eo., O., 190 n. e. Co- lumbus, ^0 W. It was formerly called Rich- field. It has 7 sch. 207 scholars. Pop. 765. Rome, t., Athens co., O. It has 4 stores, cap. $2,000 ; 1 distillery, 2 saw m., 3 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $14,100. 6 sch. 125 scholars. Pop. 866. Ro.ME, t., Lawrence co., O. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 3 s-aw m., 10 sch. 297 scholars. Pop. 1,128. Rome, p-t., Lenawee co., Mich., 70 s. w. De- troit, 510 W. Watered by head branches of Beaver cr. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 3 saw m., 10 sch. 297 scholars. Pop. 1,128. Rome, p-v., Knox co., Ky., 127 s. E. Frankfort, 510 W. Rome, p-v., capital of Perry co., la., 143 s. by w. Indianapolis, 653 W. Situated on the N. bank of Ohio r. It contains a fine brick court house, a stone jail, 2 churches, 2 stores, 40 dwelling.s, and about 250 inhabitants. Rome, p-v., Peoria co.. 111., 85 n. Springfield, 799 W. Situated on the w. side ot' Peoria lake, here 1 m. wide, and contains about 25 dwellings and 150 inhabitants. Rome, p-v., Henry co., Iowa. Romeo, p v., Greene co., Tenn., 250 e. Nash- ville, 436 W. llo.Miio, p-o., Washington t., Macomb co., ROS 517 ROS Mich., 70 N. Detroit, 510 W. Pleasantly situated 1 m • from the n. branch of Clinton r. It contains an academy, 4 stores, 1 iron foundry, and 1 tan- nery. RomiNe's Mills, p-o., Harrison co., Va., 243 N. w. Richmond, 231 W. RoMNEY, p-v., capital of Hampshire co., Va., 188 N. N. w. Richmond, 116 W. Situated on the E. side of the s. branch of Potomac r., and con- tains a court house, and about 400 inhabitants. RoMULtjs, p-t., Seneca co;, N. Y., 183 w. Albany, 329 W. The surface is moderately elevated in the centre, and declines toward Cayuga lake, wliich bounds it on the E., and toward Seneca lake, which bounds it on the w. The soil is fertile, adapted to wheat. The v. contains 1 Presbyterian church, 2 stores, and about 25 dwellings. There are in the t. 1 store, cap. $5,000 ; 8 sch. 290 scholars. Pop. 2,235. Romulus, p-t., Wayne co;, Mich., 36 s. w. Detroit, 516 W. It has 3 sch. 160 scholars. Pop. 464. Romulus, p-o., Tuscaloosa co., Ala., 12 w. Tuscaloosa, 830 W. RoNDouT, creek, N. Y., rises in Sullivan co., and flows into Hudson r. in Ulster co., near the V. of Rondout. It receives the Wallkill and other tributaries^ and aflfords water power. The Delaware and Hudson canal passes along the valley of this cr. At the junction of Rondout or. and Hudson r. is a light-house.' Rondout, p-v., Kingston t., Ulster co., N. Y., 59 s. Albany, 314 W. Situated on the n. side of Rondout cr., 1 m. from its entrance into Hud- eon r., and contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Ro- man Catholic church, 1 female seminary, 25 stores, 3 freighting establishments, 1 tobacco fac, 1 grist m., 4 boat yards, and 2 dry docks, 200 dwellings, and about 1,500 inhabitants; 2 steam- boats, 14 freight barges, and 13 sloops, are owned here, and navigate the r. It is a depot of the Lackawanna coal of the Delaware and Hudson canal company. RoNKONKAM.\ PoND, N. Y. Situated near the centre of Long Island, and is about 1 m. in di- ameter, very deep and transparent, and abounds with fish. It is surrounded by pine and other timber, and has a romantic and pleasant appear- ance. Root, p-t., Montgomery co., N. Y., 43 w. by N. Albany, 402 W. The surface is partly hilly ; soil, fertile loam, on slate and lime. Drained Ijy small branches of Mohawk r. which runs on its N. border. It has 6 stores, cap. $27,400 ; 3 tan- neries, 2 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $37,055. 17 sch. 756 scholars. Pop. 2,979. Root, p-v., Allen co., la. Root Centre, p-o.. Root t., Montgomery co., N. Y., 44 Albany, 398 W. RooTSTOwN, p-t., Portage co., O., 144 n. e. Columbus, 320 W. It is a fine farming t., lying directly s. of Ravenna. It has 8 sch. 256 schol- ars. Pop. 1,112. RoscoE, p-v., Coshocton co., O., 84 Columbus, 33 -t W. Situated on the Ohio canal and Mus- kingum r. opposite to Coshocton, at the conflu- ence of the Wahonding and Tuscarawas r. to Ibrra the Muskingum. It has good water fwwer, and contains 8 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 iron foundry, a boat yard, about 60 dwellings, and 400 inhabitants. A fine bridge crosses the 2 rivers, just above their confluence. RoscoE, p-v., Henry co.. Mo., 130 w. by s. Jefferson City, 1,076 W. RoscoE, p-v., Winnebago co., 111., 216 n. Springfield, 817 W. Rose, p-t., Wayne co., N. Y., 7 N. Lyons, 17^ 73 w. by N. Albany, 359 W. The surface is undu- lating ; soil, gravelly loam. Drained by small streams flowing into Lake Ontario. It has 2 stores, cap. $10,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,230. 7 sch, 573 scholars. Pop, 2,03S. Rose, t., Jefferson co.. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 5 grist m., 17 saw m. Cap. in manu' fac. $33,820. 4 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. 1,421. Rose, p-t.j Carroll co., O., 128 e. n. e. Colum- bus, 308 W. It has 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 1,593. Rose, p-t., Oakland co., Mich., 49 n. w. De- troit, 571 W. It has 3 sch. 91 scholars. Pop. 415. RosEBOoM, p-o., Otsego co., N. Y., 59 w. Al- bany, 384 W. RosEnuRG, p-v., Perry co.. Pa., 38 w. Harris- burg, 126 W. Rose Creek, p-o., McNairy co., Tenn., 1.68 ^, w. Nashville; 834 W. RosEHALi:, p-v., Madison co., O., 30 w. Co- lumbus, 425 W. Rose Hill, p-o., Lee co., Va., 17 e. of Cum- berland Gap, 402 w. by s. Richmond, 470 W. Rose Hill, p-o., Amilie co., Miss., 112 s. Jackson, 1,112 W. Roseland, p-o., Cambria co.. Pa., 126 w. by N. Harrisburg, 208 W. Roseland, p-o.. Nelson co., Va., 114 w. by N, Richmond, 166 W. Rose Mills, p-o., Amherst co., Va,, 114 W. Richmond, 166 W. Rosedale, p-v.. Hurley t., Ulster co., N. Y., 65 s. by w. Albany, 315 \V. Situated on Ron- dout cr., and on the line of the Delaware and Hudson canal. It contains 4 stores, 2 hydraulic cement mills, 50 dwellings, and about 400 in- habitants. Here is found and manufactured a large quantity of hydraulic cement. Two ms, below, near the high falls of the Rondout, is a mineral spring, which possesses valuable prow perties. Roseneath, p-v., Halifax co., N. C, 112 sf- E. Raleigh, 236 W. RosEVELT, p-o., Schroepel t., Oswego co., N. Y., 145 w. N. w. Albany, 370 W. RosEviLLE, p-v., Bush Creek t., Muskingum CO., O., 65 E. Columl?us, 349 W. Situated on the s. fork of Jonathan's cr., and contains 2 stores, 1 saw m., 1 grist ra., 25 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. RosEviLLE, p-o., Wayne co., Mich., 7 w. De- troit, 531 W. RosEviLLE, p-v., Parke co., la., 74 w. Indian- apolis, 616 W. Situated on the s. side of Big Racoon cr. Ross, county, O. Situated toward the s. part of the stat«, and contains 650 square ms. The s. part is hilly, but tolerably fertile ; the n. part is level, and very fertile. Watered by Seioto r; and its branches, which afford extensive water power. It exports grain and cattle' to a largo amount. Capital, Chillicothe. There were in 1810, neat cattle 20,578, sheep 30,382, swine 48,678 ; wheat 390,790 bush, produced, rye 3,530, Indian corn 1,899,320, barley 1,595, oats 199,459V potatoes 27,070, sugar 29,870 pounds ; 101 stores, cap. $305,000 ; 3 bloomeries, 3 fulling m., 4 wool- len fac., 18 tanneries, 11 distilleries, 12 flouring m., 19 grist m., 29 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 paper fac, 2 printing offices, 2 binderies, 2 weekly newspa- pers. Capital in manufaic. $152,220. 2 acad. 85 students. Pop. 27,460. Ross, t., Monroe co.. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap- $3j000 ; 8 grist m., 19 saw ra. Pop, 987. ROU 578 ROX Ross, t., Alleghany co., Pa., 4 n. Pittsburgh. The surface is liiliy ; soil, loam. Drained by Pine cr. and its branches. It has the Alleghany r. on the s. E., and Ohio r. on the s. w. border. It contains the important borough of Alleghany. It has 4 grist m., 5 saw m. Capital in manufac. §5,200. 6 sch. 3.")l) scholars. Pop. 1,675. Ross, p-t., Bnfler co., O., 110 w. s. vv. Colum- bus, 49S W. It has 'J sch. .506 scholars. Pop. 1,526. Ross, t., Greene co., O. Pop. 1,337. Ross, t., Jefferson co., O. Tlie surface is hilly. Watered by Hig Yellow cr., along which are 5 several salt works in operation. It contains also much stone coal, and some iron ore. Pop. 929. Ross, p-o., Anderson co., Tenn., 82 e. Nash- ville, 521 W. RossBURG, p-v., Decatur co., la. RosscoMMoN, p-o., Chester CO., Pa., 76 E. s. e. Harrisburg, 100 W. Ross CoR.XRRS, p-o., York co.. Me., 85 s. s. w. Augusta, 527 VV. RossiK, p-t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 25 s. w. Canton, 183 n. w. Albany, 452 W. The surface is undulating, and some broken ; soil, a fertile loam. Drained by Oswegatchie r., which here has a curve, called the Oxbow, and by Indian r. Iron and lead ore arc found in great abundance. Tlie V. is situated on Indian r., near the head of Black lake, and contains the lead mines, 6 stores, 1 furnace, 1 forge, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., I iron foundry and machine shop, 100 dwellings, and nbout 8 10 inhabitants. The lead mines appear to be inexhaustible, and furnish the metal of the purest kind. Tiiere are in the t. 3 stores, capital $6,400 ; 3 furnaces, 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,780. 5 sch. 217 schol- ars. Pop. 1,553. Ros.5vii,LE, p-v., Westfield t., Richmond co., N. Y., 163 s. Albany, 241 W. Situated on Staten Island sound, and contains 2 stores, 2 carriage fac, and 12 or 15 dwellings. Steamboats from JNew York land here daily in passing, and a ferry crosses to the Jersey shore, called the Old Blazing Star Ferry. RossviLLE, p-v., York co.. Pa., 24 s. Harris- burg, 103 VV. RossviLLE, p-v., Baltimore co., Md. RossviLLE, p-v., Cherokee co., N. C, 361 w. by s. Raleigh, 591 VV. Situated on Valley r. RossviLLE, p-v.. Walker co., Ga., 221 n. w. 31illedgevillc, 615 W. Situated about 300 yards s. of the Tetuiessee line. Formerly a mis- sionary station in the Cherokee nation. RossviLLE, p-t., Butler co., O., 102 w. s. vv. Columbus, 490 W. A wealthy and flourishing t. It has 1 sell. 12 scholars. Pop. 1,143. RossviLLE, p-v., Clinton co., la., 164 n. by w. Indianapolis, 543 VV. RosT Raver, p-t., Westmoreland co.. Pa., 191 Ilarrisburg, 217 VV. It is bounded by the You- ghiogheny r. on the e., and 31onongahela r. on the w. The surface is hilly; soil, calcareous loam. It has 3 stores, cap. $4,200 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 pot- tery, 5 flouring m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $35,990. 6 sch. 258 scholars. Pop. 1,880. RoTiiEHwooD, p-o., Carroll co., Ga., 119 w. by N. iVlilledgeville, 726 W. RoTTEKD.\M, p-t., Schenectady co., N. Y., 22 w. N. w. Albany, 3J0 W. The surface is roll- ing; soil, a productive sandy loam and alluvion. Mohawk r. bounds it on the n. e., and receives from it small streams. It has 4 stores, cap. $8,050 ; 2 grist in., 3 saw m., 1 oil in. Cap. in manufac. $2,700. 10 sch. 387 scholars. Pop. 2,284. Rough Creek Church, j>o., Charlotte co., Va., 107 s. vv. Richmond, 191 W. Roulette, p-t.. Potter co., Pa., 179 n. n. vv Harrisburg. 289 W. It has 1 grist m. Pop. 152 Round (iuovE, p-o., Carroll co., Mo., 137 N w. Jefferson City, 1,031 VV. Round He.vd, p-t., Hardin co., O., 89 n. w Columbus, 476 W. Drained by the head waters of Scioto r. It has 1 tannery, 4 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 569. Round Hill, p-v., Greenwich t., Fairfield co., Ct., K5 s. \v. Hartford, 261 W. It contains a church and several dwellings. Round Hill, p-o.. Orange co., N. C, 34 n. w. Raleigh, 270 VV. Round Hill, p-o.. Cooper co.. Mo., 40 w. N. VV. Jefferson City, 976 VV. Round Lake, lies in Lake Pleasant t., Hamil- ton CO., N., Y., and flows, by an outlet half a mile long, into Lake Pleasant. Round Prairie, p-o., Walworth co.,Wis. Rouse's Point, p-v., Champlain t., Clinton co., N. Y., 185 N. Albany, 560 W. Situated on the w. side of Lake Champlain, and has a steamboat landing about half a mile s. of Canada line. The V. contains 1 Methodist church, 3 stores, 20 dwell- ings, and about 100 inhabitants. A little n. of the v., the United States built, shortly after the late war, a strong fortification, in the form of a round tower, pierced for several tiers of guns, and which cost over $100,000, which was found to be within the Canada line, and a.bandoned. It is nearly in ruins, but is now within the LTnited States, by the terms of the late treaty. The site is highly favorable for a fortification, which will command the entrance to Lake Champlain. Rousseau, p-o., Morgan co., O., 79 e. by s. Columbus, 338 VV. Rowan, county, N. C. Centrally situated in the vv. part of the state, and contains 375 sq. ms. Drained by Yadkin r. The soil is fertile. Cap- ital, Salisbury. It had in 1840, 4 sch. 98 schol- ars. Pop. whites 8,616, slaves 3,365, free col'd 98 ; total, 12,109. Rowe, p-t., Franklin co., Mass., 22 w. by iv. Greenfield, 130 w. n. vv. Boston. The surface is elevated and uneven ; soil, adapted to grazing. VV^alered by Pelhain brook, a branch of Deerfield r. It contains 4 churches. The v., at the centre, contains 1 Congregational, 1 Unitarian, and 1 Methodist church. The t. was incorporated in 1785. There are in the t. 1 store, cap. $5,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 taruiery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. C^ap. in manufac. $11,100. RowEsvTLLE, p-v., Bedford co., Tenn., 68 s. Nashville, 691 VV. Row's, p-o., Wayne co., C, 89 n. e. Colum- bus, 358 VV. Rowland, p-t., Hillsdale co., Mich. Pop. 83. RowLANDsviLLE, p-v., Cecil CO., Md., 73 n. e. Annapolis, 83 VV^. RowLEv, pt., Essex CO., Mass., 30 n. by E. Boston, 470 VV'. There is a large amount of salt meadow. The arable soil is fertile Watered by Rowley r., which affords water power, and has a harbor at its mouth liir small vessels. Plum island, oflTits coast, belongs to this t. The v., at the centre, contains 2 churches and about 35 dwellings. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $4,800 ; 4 tanneries, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $32,050. 1 acad. 30 students, 3 sen. 218 scholars. Pop. 1.203. Ro.VBORo, t., Philadelphia co., Pa., 7J n. vv. Philadelphia. The surface is hilly and rough ; soil, clay and loam. It contains the. v. of Many- unk, onthe Schuylkill r., where a canal connects the pool at Fairmount with that of Flat Rock. The dam presents a beautiful cascade, and forms an inlerestuig feature of the picturesque scenery. ROY 579 RUG Soapstone, or steatite, is found in the N. w. part of the t. It has 24 stores, cap. $34,500 ; 1 lum- ber yard, cap. $20,000; 1 forge, 11 fulling m., 4 woollen fac, 8 cotton fac. 17,940 sp., 3 paper fac, 8 flouring m., 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in nian- ufac. $1,246,100. 12 sch. 746 scholars. Fop. 5,797. RoxBOROUGH,p-v., capital of Person co., N. C, 54 N. N. w. Raleigh, 250 W. It contains a court house, jail, 2 stores, and about 100 inliabitants. RoxBURV, p-t., Cheshire co., N. H., 49 s. w. Concord, 439 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, adapted to grazing. Drained by branches of Ashuelot r. Incorporated in 1812. It has 3 sch. 92 scholars. Pop. 2S6. Ro.XBURy, p-t., Wa.shington co., Vt., 16 s. by w. Montpelier, 500 W. Drained by head branches of Dog r., which flows into Onion r., and by head branches of White r., whicli flows into Connecticut r. The surface is uneven ; soil, fer- tile. Chartered in 1781. Dog r. affords water power. It has 1 store, cap. $4,050 ; 1 fulling m., 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,315. 4 sch. 93 scholars. Pop. 227. Ro.xBURV, p t., Norfolk co., Mass., 2 s. Boston, 438 W. A great part of the surface is rocky ; but the soil is strong and highly cultivated. It is joined to Boston by a neck of land, which con- stitutes a broad avenue, and may be regarded as a continuation of Washington-street, Boston. In the w. part of the t. is Jamaica plains, a level tract, with elegant country seats, and well culti- vated gardens. Here is a pond, by which the Boston aqueduct is supplied. It is 4 miles from Boston, with 4 trains of cast iron pipes, the aggre- gate length of which is 40 ms. The v. at the centre contains 5 churches — 1 Unitarian, 1 Congregational, 1 Baptist, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Universalist, 2 banks, and many beautiful resi- dences. There are 10 churches in the t. Incor- porated in 1630. It has 83 stores, cap. $755,000; 4 lumber yards, cap. $60,000 ; 5 tanneries, 2 print- ing offices, 2 binderies, 1 weekly newspaper, 5 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $350,000. 12 acad. 350 students, 20 sch. 881 scholars. Pop. 9,089. RoxBURY, p-t., Litchfield co., Ct., 53 w. s. w. Hartford, 314 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, gravelly loam, with some sandy loam. Shepaug r., a tributary of the Housatonic, runs through the t. from n. to s., in its w. part. It contains a Congregational and an Episcopal church. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,850 ; 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,450. 7 sch. 211 scholars. Pop. 971. RoxBURY, p-t., Delaware co., N. Y., 20 e. Del- hi, 65 s. w. Albany, 352 W. The surface is hilly and mountainous ; soil, sandy loam, very fertile in the valleys. Drained by Fapacton branch of Delaware r. It has 5 stores, cap. $21,000; 1 fulling m., 4 tanneries, 5 grist m., 18 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $63,000. 18 sch. 990 scholars. Pop. 3,013. RoxBURY, t, Morris co., N. J., 14 n. w. Mor- ristown. Schooley's mountain fills the greater portion of its area. On its summit is Budds pond, 2 ms. long and 1 broad, which has its outlet into the s. branch of Raritan r. Black r. runs on its E. border. The soil is clay loam, with a mixture of calcareous loam. It has 9 stores, cap. $14,200; 1 lumber yard, cap. $4,100 ; 1 forge, 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 1 pottery, 2 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $8,300. 14 sch. 587 scholars. Pop. 2,231. RoxBURY, p-v., Lurgan t., Franklin co., Pa., 47 \v. by s. Harri.sburg, 103 W. Situated on Conedogwinnet cr., on the e. side of Blue moun- tain. Royal Centre, p-o., Cass co., la. Royal Oak, p-o., Talbot co., Md., 53 e. by s. Annapolis, 93 VV. Royal Oak, p-t., Oakland co., Mich., 14 n. De- troit, 538 W. Watered by Red r. The v. con- tains 1 store, and 1 steam saw m. The Detroit and Pontiac railroad passes through it. It has 4 stores, cap. $7,020 ; 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,345. 6 sch. 363 scholars. Pop. 8(50. RoYALSTO.v, p-t., W^orcester co., Mass., 74 w. Boston, 416 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, productive. Watered by Miller's r., which, with its branches, affords good water power. Incor- porated hi 1765. It has 3 stores, cap. $25,000 ; 7 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in mantifac $61,350. 12 sch. 233 scholars. Pop. 1,667. RoYALTON, p-t., Windsor co., Vt., 33 s. Mont- pelier, 48S W. The surface is broken and moun- tainous ; soil, fertile, particularly along White r., by which, and its branches, it is watered. The v. is pleasantly situated on the bank of White r., and contains a handsome Congregational church, an academy, a number of stores, and some neat dwellings. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $11,000; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 grist ra., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,000. 1 acad. 36 students, 16 sch. 567 scholars. Pop. 1,917. RoYALTON, p-t., Niagara co., N. Y., 8 e. Lock- port, 271 w. Albany. The surface is undulating; soil, a fertile calcareous loam. Watered by Tona- wanda cr., which bounds it on the s. It contains the V. of Gasport, on the Erie canal, where are some inflammable springs. There are in the 1. 11 stores, cap. $35,850 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $24,950. 16 sch. 744 scho- lars. Pop. 3,519. RoYALTON, t., Cuyahoga co., O., 126 n. e. Co- lumbus. Situated in the s. part of the CO. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 15 sch. 454 scholars. Pop 1,051. RoYALTON, t., Lucas CO., O. It has 1 brewery. Cap. in manufac. $6,275. 6 sch. 198 scholars. Pop. 401. RoYALTON, p-v., Amanda t., Fairfield co., O., 40 s. E. Columbus, 385 W. It contains 1 church, 2 stores, about 30 dwellings, and 180 inhabitants. RoYALTON, p-t., Berrien co., Mich., 198 w. by s. Detroit, 649 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. It has 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,975. Pop. 146. RoYALTON, p-v., Boone co., la., 14 n. w. In- dianapolis, 585 W. RoY.\LTON Centre, p-o., Royalton t., Niagara CO., N. Y., 271 w. by n. Albany, 396 W. RuARK, p-o., Lawrence co.. 111., 171 s. e. Spring- field, 709 W. Ruckersville, p-v., Greene co., Va. RucKERSviLLE, p-v., Elbert co., Ga., 118 n. n. E. Milledgeville, 561 W. Situated on Van's cr., and contains a Baptist church, an academy, 6 stores, and several dwellings. Ruck.man's, p-o., Mercer co., O., 119 w. N. w. Columbus, 499 W. RucKLEssTOwN, p-v., Burllngton ca, N. J., 10 s. Trenton, 171 W. RucKMANsviLLE, p-o., Bath CO., Va., 173 w.n. w. Richmond, 193 W. Ruddle, t.. Independence co.. Ark. It has 8 stores, cap., $40,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 1 printing o^ce, 2 weekly newspapers, 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,000. 1 acad. 55 students, 2 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 3,669. Ruddle's Mills, p-o., Bourbon co., Ky., 42 E. Frankfort, 513 W. RuGGLEs, p-t., Huron co., O., 91 n. by e. Co- lumbus, 330 W. Situated in the s. e. corner of RUS 580 RUS the CO. It has 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,500. 6 8ch. 266 scholars. Pop. 1,245. Ru.MFORi), p-t., Oxford co.. Me., 52 w. n. w. Augusta, 6l4 W. Situated on the n. w. side of Androscoggin r., by which, and its branches, it is drained, and which afford good water power. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Incorporated in 1800. It has 6 store.-*, cap. §6,200 ; 2 tannerie;*, 1 grist m., 3 saw m., 12 sch. 622 scholars. Pop. 1,444. RUiMMERFiELD Creek, p-o., Wysox t., Brad- ford CO., Pa., 143 Harrisburg, 253 W. The cr. rises in Orwell and flows into the Susquehanna. Ru.MLEY, t., Harrison co., O. It has 7 sch. 242 scholars. Pop. 1,039. RuMLEY, p-o., Shelby co., O., 97 w. n. w. Co- lumbus, 491 W. RuMNEr, p-t., Grafton co., N. H., 47 n. by w. Concord, 525 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, moderately fertile. Drained by Baker's r. and its branches. First settled in 1765. It has 3 stores, cap. $16,000; 3 tanneries, 1 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,150. 10 sch. 364 scholars. Pop. 1,116. RuMNEY, p-v., Muhlenburg co., Ky., 82 w. s. w. Frankfort, 714 VV. Rupert, p-t., Bennington co., Vt., 94 s. w. Montpelier, 424 W. The surface is mountainous ; soil, adapted to grazing. Drained by Pawlet r. and a branch of Battenkill, which afford water power, it has 3 stores, cap. $3,900 ; 9 sch. 346 scholars. Pop. 1,086. Rural Hill, p-o., Wilson co., Tenn., 16 e. Nashville, 668 W. Rural Retreat, po., Wythe co., Va., 257 w. by s. Richmond, 325 W. Rural Yalley, p-o., Armstrong co.. Pa., 190 »•. N. w. lia/ri.sburg, 224 W. RtfSCUMB Ma.nor, t., Berks co.. Pa. The sur- face is very hilly ; soil, indifferent in quality and cultivation. JMijiden cr. runs on its n. and n. w. border. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $2,900. Pop. 1,189. Rush, county, la. Situated toward the e. part of the state, and contains 410 sq. ms. Or- ganized in 1821. The surface is gently rolling; soil, fertile. Drained by Big and Little Blue rs., and by Big and Little Flat Rock creeks, which afford water power. Capital, Rushville. There were in 1840, neat cuttle 15,163, sheep 29,091, swine 48,458; wiieat 99,712 bushels produced, rye 5,375, Ind. corn 1,156,707, oats 224,06 i, pota- toes 19,039, tobacco 12,239 pounds, sugar 414,155; 38 stores, cap. $78,05i) ; 4 tanneries, 8 distilleries, 1 brewery, 18 flouring m., 17 grist m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manulae. $54,956. 48 .sch. 1,149 scholars. Pop. 16.454. Rush, p-t., Monroe co., N. Y., 12 s. Rochester, 218 w. by N. Albany, 363 W. The surface is un- dulating ; soil, v«ry fertile, producing large crops of wheat and other grain. Drained by Honeoye cr., flowing into the Genesee r., which hounds it on the w. Tlic v. is situated on Honeoye cr., and contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 carding machine, 1 saw m., 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. The t. has 3 stores, cap. $10,500 ; 1 fulling ni., 2 tiinnerics. Cap. in man- ufac. $5,250. 15 sch. 631 scholars. Pop. 1,929. Rush, t., Susquelianna co.. Pa. Drained by Wyalusing cr., and Lake and Deer Li^k creeks. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly loam. It has 1 store, cap. $4,(KX) ; 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,025. 10 sch. 340 schol- ars Pop. 1,039. Rush, t., Northumberland co.. Pa. The sur- face is hilly and mountainou«. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000; 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,575. 5 sch. 278 scholare. Pop. 1,028. Rush, t., Dauphin co.. Pa., 20 n. e. Harris- burg. The surface is very mountainous ; soil, sterile. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 3 sch. 48 scholars. Pop. 247. Rush, p-t., Tuscarawas co., O., 108 e. n. e. Columbus, 307 W. It has 1 store, cap. $4,500; 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 3 saw m., 8 sch. 499 scholars. Pop. 1,293. Rush, t.. Champaign co., O. Organized in 1829. It contains the villages of Woodstock and Louisburg. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,500 ; 1 tan- nery, 3 saw m., 6 sell. 179 scholars. Pop. 1,226. Rush Creek, t., Fairfield co., O. It has the villages of Bremen and Geneva. Pop. 2,424. RusHPORD, p-t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 272 w. by s. Albany, 331 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, clay loam and gravelly mold, well adapted to grass. Drained by Cold cr. The v. contains 2 churches, 8 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 90 dwellings, and about 700 inhabitants. There are in the t. 8 stores, cap. $17,800 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $25,150. 9 sch. 273 scholars. Pop. 1,512. Rushville, p-v., Ontario co., N. Y., 205 w. Albany, 331 W. Situated on West r., partly in Gorham t., Ontario co., and partly in Potter t., Yates CO. It contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Metho- dist church, an academy, 8 stores, 2 grist m., 1 saw m., 2 furnaces, 90 dwellings, and about 500 inhabitants. Rushville, p-v.. Rush t., Susquehanna co., Pa,, 159 .\. !v. e. Harrisburg, 269 W. Rushville, p-v., Richland t., Fairfield co, O., 39 s. E. Columbus, 366 W. It contains about 40 dwellings and 250 inhabitants, and several mills in the vicinity. Rushville, p-v., capital of Rush co., la., 40 e. s. E. Indianapolis, 538 W. Situated on Big Flat Rock cr., and contains a court house, jail, 3 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Presby- terian — 4 stores, 80 dwellings, and about 500 in- haiiitants. Pop. of t. 2,146. RiLsiiviLLE, p-v., capital of Schuyler co., 111., 69 Springfield, 838 W. It is situated at the s. end of a beautiful prairie, and contains a court house of brick, 2 stories high, a jail, 4 churches — I Presbyterian, 1 Methodist, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Campbellite — 150 dwellings, and about 1,000 in- habitants. Rusiiylvama, p-o., Logan co., O., 78 n. w. Columbus, 452 VV. RussKLL, county, Va. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 1,370 sq. miles. Drained by Clinch r., and head branches of the w. fork of Sandy r. The surface consists of mountain ranges and valleys, and is much of it rocky and rough. Capital, Lebanon. There were in 1840, neat cattle 14,404, sheep 15,431, swine 26,945 ; wheat 59,400 bushels produced, rye 7,898, Ind. corn 294.253, buckwheat 558, oats 142,377, pol;Uoes 20,658, sugar 106,616 lbs. ; 10 stores, cap. $27,800; 8 tanneries, 100 distilleries, 25 grist m., 10 saw m., 2 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $2.1,040. 2 seh. 41 scholars. Pop. whites 7,152, slaves 700, free col'd 26 ; total, 7,878. Russell, county, Ala. Situated in the E. part of the state, s. of the middle, and contains 865 sq. ms. The Chattahoochee r. runs on its e. border, by brandies of which it is drained. Capi- tal, McDonald. There were in 1840, neat cattle 17,375, sheep 1,806, swine 27,201 ; wheat n,479 bushels produced, rye 141, Indian oorn 387,534, barley 296, oats 5,341, potatoes 37,913, cotlou RUS 581 RUT 1,112,719 lbs; 13 stores, cap. $47,200 ; 12 grist m., II saw m. Cap. in manufac. $36,193. 3 acad. III students, 14 sch. 323 scholars. Pop. whites 6,244, slaves 7,266, free col'd 3; total, 13,513. Russell, county, Ky. Situated toward the s. E. part of the state, and contains 260 sq. miles. Drained by Cumberland r. and its branches. Wolf cr. and Fish cr. Capital, Jamestown. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,6:i8, sheep 3,809, swine 11,704; wheat 8,676 bushels produced, Ind. corn 144,119, oats 2^,300, potatoes 4,521, rice 16,374 pounds, tobacco 780,505, cotton 5,773, su gar 4,469 ; 3 stores, cap. $-^,830 ; 1 cotton fac. 168 sp., 2 tanneries, 26 distilleries, 8 grist m., 3 saw 111., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $16,780. 2 sch. 50 scholars. Pt)p. whites 3,828, slaves 406, free col'd 4 ; total, 4,23S. RcssELL, p-t., Hampden co., 3Iass., 108 w. by s. Boston, 372 W. Watered by Westfield river, ■which affords water power. Incorporated in 1792. It contains a church, common to Congre- gationalists and Methodists. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $2,000. 5 sch. 156 scholars. Pop. 953. Russell, p-t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 192 n. N. w. Albany, 476 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, sandy and clay loam, adapted to grazing. Drained by West Canada cr. The v. contains a state arsenal. It has 1 store, cap. $800 ; 1 tan- nery, 5 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $4,800. 13 sch. 371 scholars. Pop. 1,373. Russell, p-t., Geauga co., O., 154 N. E. Co- lumbus, 340 W. It has 1 fulling m., 2 grist m., 4 saw m.,9 sch. 250 scholars. Pop. 742. Russell, t., Putnam co., la. It has 4 stores, cap. $16,000; 1 tannery, 5 distilleries, 1 pottery, 6 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,200. 8 sch. 206 scholars. Pop. 1,503. RussKLLBURG, p-v., Pine Grove t., Warren co.. Pa., 212 N. w. Harrisbur.g, 304 W. Situated on the w. side of Conewango cr. Russell Hill, p-o., Luzerne co., Pa., 160 n. E. Harrisburg, 265 W. Russell Place, p-o., Kershaw dist., S. C, 63 N. E. Columbia, 474 W. Russellville, p-v., Chester CO., Pa., 65 e. s. E. Harrisburg, 102 W. Russelville, p-v., capital of Franklin co., Ala., Ill N. by w. Tuscaloosa, 796 W. Situated on Cedar or. a branch of Bear cr., which flows into Tennessee r., and contains a court house, jail, and about 25 dwellings. Russellville, p-v., Byrd t., Brown co., O., 103 s. s. w. Columbus, 459 W. Russellville, p-v., capital of Logan co., Ky., 172 s. w. Frankfort, 696 W. Situated between Green and Cumberland rivers, 35 miles from each. It contains a seminary, denominated a college, a court house, jail, 2 churches, and about 173 dwellings. Russellville, p-v., Putnam co., la., 50 w. Indianapolis, 621 W. It contains about 100 in- habitants. Russellville, p-v., Lawrence co., 111., 170 s. E. Springfield, 698 W. Situated on Wabash r., in the n. e. corner of the co. Russellville, p-v., Claiborne par., La., 386 N. w. New Orleans, 1,236 W. Russia, t., Loraine co., O. It has 1 store, cap. $1,500; 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 1 binde- ry, 1 serai-weekly newspaper, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,800. 1 college, 498 students, 3 sch. 101 scholars. Pop. 1,302. Russia, p-t., Herkimer co., N. \ ., 16 n. Herki- mer, 93 N. w. Albany, 408 W. The surface is elevated and hilly; soil, sandy loam and clay, well adapted to grass. Drained by West Cana- da cr. The v. contains 1 chnn-li, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 35 dwellings, and about 200 in- habitants. There are in the t. 8 stores, cap. $18,100; 2 lumber yard.s, 3 fulling m., 2 cotton m. 1,004 sp., 2 forges, 4 tanneries, 4 grist m., 11 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $56,130. 14 sch. 619 scholars. Pop. 2,298. Rutherford, county, N. C. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 1,025 sq. ms. The soil is various ; some of it very fertile, and some of it thin and sterile. Drained by head branches of Broad r. Capital, Ru'herfordton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 14,0-*6, sheep 17,784, swine 92,059 ; wheat 76,663 bushels pro- duced, rye 6,030, Indian corn 1,090,3^8, barley 1,000, oats 57,955, potatoes 16,599, tobacco 4,653 pounds, cotton 250,325 ; 1 1 stores, 5 tanneries, 15 distilleries, 2 flouring m., 53 grist m., 16 saw m., 2 oil m., 1 printing office. Cap. in manufac. $800. 8 sch. 149 scholars. Pop. whites 15,875, slaves 3,201, free col'd 126 ; total, 19,202. Rutherford, county, Tenn. Situated near the centre of the state, and contains 5i0 sq. ms. Drained by Stone's r., and numerous branches flowing into Cumberland r. The soil is very fertile. Capital, Murfreesboro". There were in 1840, neat cattle 25,225, sheep 35,623, swine 81,430; wheat 147,500 bushels produced, rye 10.000, Ind. corn 3,301,000, oats 222,400, potatoes 114,666, tobacco 1,0S9,000 lbs., cotton 2,620,000, sugar 1,200 ; 20 stores, cap. $400,000 ; 5 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 612 sp., 12 tanneries, 20 distil- leries, 5 flouring m , 30 grist m., 25 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $201,300. 5 acad. 244 students, 24 sch. 633 scholars. Pop. whites 15,042, slaves 9,072, free col'd 166; total, 24,280. RuTHERFORDTON, p-v.. Capital of Rutherford CO., N. C, 216 w. by s. Raleigh, 453 W. Situ- ated on a branch of Broad r., and contains a court house, jail, and an academy, and about 30O inhabitants. RuTHER Glen, p c, Caroline co., Va., 37 n. Richmond, 97 W. RuTLA.VD, county, Vt. Situated toward the s. e. part of the state, and contains 958 square ms. Drained by Otter cr.. Black, White, Queechee, and Pawlet rivers. The surface is in the e. parts mountainous, adapted to grazing, but it has much good land on Otter cr. Many fine cattle and sheep are raised. Iron ore and marble are ex- tensively found. Capital, Rutland. There were in 1840, neat cattle 40,023, sheep 271,727, swine 15,563; wheat 40,116 bushels produced, rye 3S,0I3, Ind. com 154,792, buckwheat 10,850, bar- ley 833, oats 154,119, potatoes 6-12,108, silk co- coons 1,990 pounds, sugar 396,804; 77 stores, cap. $186,675; 11 furnaces, 5 forges, 11 fulling m., 8 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 1,076 sp., 27 tan- neries, 1 flouring m., 20 grist m., 103 saw m., 2 oil m., 1 paper fac, 2 printing offices, 1 weekly news- paper. Cap. in manufac. $292,9J0. 3 acad. 382 students, 249 sch. 10,330 scholars. Pop. 30,699. Rutland, p-t., capital of Rutland co , Vt., 62 s. w. Montpelier, 456 W. The surface is un- even ; soil, various, from a strong loam to a light sand, but generally fertile. Drained by Otter cr. and its branches, which aflford water power, and by a branch of Castletoii r. The principal v. has an elevated situation, and con- tains a court house, jail, a bank, 1 Congregational and 1 Episcopal church, 12 stores, a printing office issuing a weekly newspaper, and about 100 dwellings, many of them handsome. In the w. part of the t. is another v., containing a Congre- gational church and about 30 dwellings. The Baptists and Methodists also have churches. SAC 582 SAC Chartered in 1761. There are in the 1. 11 stores, cap. $28,700 ; 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 1 bindery, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manu- fac. $'23,4.iO. 16 sch. y63 scholars. Pop. 2,708. RtJTL.4ND, p-t., Worcester CO., Mass., 55 w. by N. Boston, 412 W. The surface is elevated and uneven ; soil, fertile, adapted to grazing. Wa- tered by a branch of Ware r., which afiords wa- ter power. Incorporated in 1722. The central V. contains a handsome Congregational church, a town house, and several handsome dwellings. Cap. in manufac. $6,000. 1 acad. 40 students. 13 sch. 712 scholars. Pop. 1,260. Rutland, p-t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 15S n. w. Albany. The surface is undulating; soil, a fer- tile loam. Drained by Sandy cr. and Black r. The remain.s of Indian fortifications are found here. It lias 4 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 2 fulling m., 3 lannerie.s, 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $26,300. 11 sch.253echolars. Pop. 2,090. lluTL.\.\o, p-t., Tioga CO., Pa., 151 n. Harris- burg, 261 W. The surface is hilly; soil, gravel- ly loam. It has 1 store, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,100. 1 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 6'J2. R[iTi..\ND, p-t., Meigs CO., O., 92 s. e. Colum- bus, 317 W. It has 4 stores, cap. $3,250 ; 2 tan- neries, 1 distillery, 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,625. 11 sch. 280 scholars. Pop. 1,410. RuTLEDGE, v., Conewango t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y. Situated on the line of the New York and Eric railroad, and contains 1 Presbyterian church, 3 stores, 1 saw m., 40 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. RuTLKDGE, p-v., capital of Granger co., Tenn., 216 E. Nashville, 466 W. It contains a court house, jail, and about 75 inhabitants. Ryal's, p-o., Montgomery co., Ga., 123 s. e. Milledgeville, 734 W. Rye, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H., 6j s. Ports- mouth, 42 s. E. Concord, 479 W. The Atlantic ocean bounds it on the s. e., for the distance of 6 miles. The surface has considerate sandy beach and salt meadow, which yields large quan- tities of grass. It has a harbor which admits small vessels, and from which the fisheries are carried on. Chartered in 1719. It has 3 stores, cap. $1,100; 5 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 acad. 25 students, 4 sch. 420 scholars. Pop. 1,205. Rye, p-t., Westchester co., N. Y., 27 e. n. e. New York, 146 s. Albany, 251 W. The surface is uneven and stony ; soil, clay loam. Drained by Byram r. and otlier small streams flowing into Long Island sound. The v., situated 1 m. N. of the sound, contains 3 churclies — 1 Presby- terian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist — an acade- my, 3 stores, 35 dwellings, and about 200 in- habitants. There are in the t. 3 acad. 54 stu- dents, 6 sch. 193 scholars. Pop. 1,803. RvEOATE, p-t., Caledonia co., Vt., 43 E. by s. 3Iontpelier, 529 W. Situated on the w. side of Connecticut r. Watered by Wells r., which affords water power. The surface is uneven; .soil, fertile, adapted chiefly to grazing, but pro- ducing grain. There are several ponds which discharge their waters into Connecticut river. At Canoe falls, in Connecticut r., against the mid- dle of the t., is a dam across the r., which affords extensive water power. Chartered in 1763. First settled in 1774, by emigrants from Scot- land, from whom most of the inhabitants have descended. It contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Associate Reformed church. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,200. 9 sch. 459 scholars. Pop. 1,223. Ryerson's Station, p-o., Greene co., Pa., 231 w. by s. Harrisburg, 247 W. Rye, t.. Perry co.. Pa. It has 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,235. 4 sch. 139 schol- ars. Pop. 451. Rye Valley, p-o., Smyth co., Va., 230 w. by s. Richmond, 346 W. Rye Ridge, p-o., Morgan co., Tenn., 163 e. Nashville, 536 W S. Sabatus, p-o., Lincoln co.. Me., 35 s. Augusta, 578 W. Sabille.sville, p-v., Frederick co., Md., 95 n. w. Annapolis, 66 W. Sab IN A, p-v., Richland t., Clinton co., O., 62 s. w. Columbus. 435 W. It contains 2 stores, and a number of dwellings. Sabink, r.. La. and Texas, rises in Texas in lat. 32° 30' N., and flows southwardly and enters La. in its w. part, in Caddo par., and thence forms the boundary between the United States and Texas. It is 300 ms. long, and, in low stages of the water, it has but 4 feet of water on the bar at its mouth. It enters and passes through Sabine lake, 30 ms. long, and f-om 1 to 7 or H ms. wide, before it enters the Gulf of Mexico ; but in leav- ing the lake, it contracts to a widlii but little greater than it had when it entered it. Its course, in its lower part, is through an extended and sterile prairie. It waters the most hilly parts of the state, further up, and among those hills are frequent streams and some lakes and ponds, and oftentimes small strips of good second rate land. It derives its chief importance from being the boundary between the United States and Texas. Sable or Au Sable, r. (See Ausable rivers. Great and Little.) Sacanuaga, r., N. Y., rises in Hamilton co., having its source in Oseco, Round, and Pleasant lakes, and some smaller lakes. Flowing in a wind- ing easterly direction, it empties into Hudson r., in Hadley t., Saratoga co., opposite Luzerne v. Sacarappa, p-v., Westbrook t., Cumberland CO., Me., 4 N. Portland, 56 s. w. Augusta, 515 W. Situated on Presumpscot r., which here affords extensive water power. It contains numerous saw and other mills. Sachem's Head, v., Guilford t.. New Haven CO., Ct., 3i s. w. of Guilford borough. It is a noted watering place on Long Island sound. Sachkm, tiRANU, Mt., N. Y., called also New Ileacon mt., half a mile s. of the highest point of tlie Highlands, and is 1,685 feet above tidewater in the Hudson. Its summit presents a grand and beautifid prospect. Sackett's, p-o., 3Iacomb co., Mich., 24 n. by e. Detroit, 548 W. Sacketts Harbor, p-v., Houndsfield t., Jef- ferson CO., N. Y., 174 N. w. Albany, 415 W. Sit- uated on lilack River bay, near the foot of Lake Ontario, 12 ms. from the lake. It is one of the most secure and best harbors on the lake, and was a great naval station during the last war with Great Britain. Incorporated in 1814, and contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episco- pal, and 1 Methodist — a banking house, 24 stores, 4 forwarding houses, a ship yard, and rope walk, 3 saw m., 2 furnaces, 1 machine shop, I plaster m., 1 laimery, 300 dwellings, and about 2,0OJ in- habitants. Here are the Madison Barracfts, erect- SAD 583 SAT ed by the United States in 1814. A great water power is created here by a canal brought from the Black r., near Watertovvn, a distance ol 12 nis. Tonnage in 1840, 3,637. S.vco, r., N. H. and Me., rises in the White mountains, N. H., within a few rods of the source of Ammonoosuc r., flowing w. to Con- necticut r., and flows e. through the celebrated Notch, with a rapid and foaming current, and frequent cascades. It enters Maine in Fry- hurg, and pursues a winding course, in a s. E. direction, until it enters the Atlantic, between Saco and Biddeford. It has 4 principal falls in Maine of 70, 20, 30, and 42 feet respectively, which afford in the aggregate an immense water power. Pine timber is found extensively on its banks, furnishing supplies for numerous saw mills. S.vco, p-t., and port of entry, York co.. Me., 15 s. w. Portland, 65 s. s. w. Augusta, 100 n. n. e. Boston, 530 W. Situated on the e. side of Saco r. It has fine interval land on the r. Watered by 5 small streams flowing from a fen or bog. The V. is situated at the falls, 6 miles from the mouth of the r., where is a descent of 42 feet, creating a great water power, and presenting an interesting and beautiful view. The v. contains an elegant Consrregational church, a bank, an academy, numerous mills, many liandsome dwell- ings, and has considerable navigation and trade, particularly in lumber. Just below the falls is a fine basin, vihere vessels lake in their cargoes. On the shore is a fine beach, 4 ms. long, with a beautiful view of the ocean, which affords a pleasant drive in warm weather. There are in the t. 33 stores, cap. $68,050 ; 3 cotton fac. 17,760 sp., 3 tanneries, 2 printing oflices, 2 weekly newspapers, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. .$1,020,932. 5 acad. 246 students, 21 sch. 800 scholars. Pop. 4,408. Tonnage in 1840, 3,358. Saddle, r., N. J., rises in N. Y., a few miles above its s. boundary, and flows 13 ms. to its en- trance into Passaic r., about 1 m. above Acquack- anock. It has a rapid course, and affords exten- sive water power. Saddle River, t., Bergen co., N. J., 8 n. w. Hackensacktown. It has Saddle r. on its E. and Passaic r. on its s. boundary. It is mountainous in some parts, but level on the E., between Pas- saic and Saddle rivers. The soil is red shale and loam, fertile in the valleys, and well cultivated. Watered by Singac, Preakness, Krokaevall, Gof- fle, and Ackerman's brooks. It has 2 stores, cap. $650 ; 1 distillery, 4 grist ra., 1 saw m., 3 sch. 86 scholars. Pop. 823. Saddleback, mt., Franklin co.. Me., a few ms. northwest of Phillips t., and is 4,000 feet above the level of the sea. Sadsbury, p-t., Chester co.. Pa., 37 n. w. Phil- adelphia, 59 E. s. E. Harrisburg, 129 W. Post- oflice called Sadburyville. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly. Drained by Octarara cr. on the w., and Back run and the w. branch of Brandy- wine r. on the e. Sadsburyville v. contains 1 store, and 12 or 15 dwellings. There are in the t. 10 stores, cap. $23,250 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $4,000; 3 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 2,217 sp., 1 furnace, 2 forges, 2 tanneries, 1 flour- ing m., 5 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4S,090. 8 sch. 320 scholars. Pop. 2,292. Sadsbury, t., Lancaster co., Pa., 16 s. w. Lancaster. The surface is hilly and rolling ; soil, calcareous loam and clay. Octarara cr. flows on its E. boundary, and affords water power. It has 3 stores, cap. $10,500; 3 forges, 4 tanneries, 5 flouring m., 3 grist m. Cap. in manufactures, $17,500. 8 sch. 250 scliolars. Pop. 2,093. Sapsbury, t., Crawford co., Pa. It has 9 stores, cap. $25,300 ; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,900. Pop. 2,441. Saegersville, p-o., Lehigh co.. Pa., 91 E. N. E. Harrisburg, 184 W. Safe Harbor, p-o., Lancaster co., Pa. Safford, p-o.. Perry co., la., 134 s. Indian- apolis, 653 W. Sagerstown, p-o., Crawford co., Pa., 240 N. w. Harrisburg, 313 W. Sage's Ferry, p-o., Jackson co., la., 83 s. In- dianapolis, 600 W. Sagg Harbor, p-v., and port of entry. East and Southampton t., Suffolk co., N. Y., 110 e. New York, 260 s. s. e. Albany, 340 W. Situ- ated on a bay of the same name, between Gard- ner's and Great Peconic bays. Incorporated in 1803. It contains 4 churches— 1 Presbyterian, 1 Methodist, 1 Roman Catholic, and 1 African — 35 stores, 1 grist m., 2 wind m. a dry dock, 500 dwellings, and about 3,500 inhabitants. There are 41 ships employed ui the whaling business, and 6 or 8 sloops in the coasting trade. Salt is made to a considerable amount by the evapora- tion of sea water. Tonnage, 1810, 20,405. Sagg Village, v., Southampton t., Suffolk co., N. Y., 6 s. Sagg Harbor. Situated near the ocean, and contains a Methodist church, and about 25 dwellings. Saginaw, bay, Mich., a branch of Lake Hu- ron, 60 ms. long, and 30 wide, containing a num- ber of islands, the largest of which is Shawangunk island, near the centre. It is navigable for ves- sels of any burden, and numerous coves, pro- tected by islands, afford some of the best harbors on the lake. It receives Saginaw r. Saginaw, r., Mich., is one of the largest rivers in the Peninsula. It is formed by the union of Cass r. from the e., Flint and Shiawassee from the s., and Tittibawassee from the n. w. The length of the Saginaw from Flint r., where it commences, is 25 ms., in a direct line to its mouth, but some of its branches have four times that length. Its course is n. e. to its entrance into Saginaw bay. It has a depth of from 25 to 30 feet, but a sand bar at its mouth has not ordi- narily a depth of water upon it of more than 5 or 6 feet, though an E. wind frequently raises it 3 feet above its usual level. Saginaw, county, Mich. Situated toward the N. E. part of the settled portion of the Peninsula, and contains 1,031 sq. ms. Drained by Saginaw r. and its tributaries. Saginaw bay lies on its n. E. border. The surface is level or undulating ; soil, a dark, rich, sandy loam, from 18 to 24 inches deep, on a substratum of clay. Pine timber cov- ers one third of the co., on the e. and s. E. In the N. w. part, on the bay, limestone and gyp- sum are found. Capital, Saginaw. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,066, swine 1,462; wheat 4,125 bush, produced, Ind. com 9,837, oats 2,841, potatoes 16,929, sugar 12,229; 5 stores, cap. $20,500 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $43,100. Pop. 892. Saginaw, p-t., and capital of Saginaw co., Mich., 97 N. by w. Detroit, 621 W. The v. is situated on the w. bank of Saginaw r., 23 miles from its mouth. The ground is elevated about 30 feet above the level of the r. It contains a U. S. land office, a deputy collector's office, a court house, 3 stores, 2 warehouses, and 2 steam saw m. A steamboat and several vessels be- long to the place. It has great natural advan- tages, and is likely to become a place of import- ance. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $20,500 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $42,200. Pop. 837. Sail Creek, p-o., Hamilton co., Tenn. SAt 684 SAl Sailor's Rkst, p-o., Montgomery co., Tenn., 60 ti. w. Nashville, 744 W. Saint At. bams, n t., Somerset Co., Me., 50 N. N. E. Angustn, (>!:') W. The soil is fertile, adapt- ed to grain. Drained by a branch of Sebasticook t., issuing from a pond, wliich affords water pow- er. Incorporated in 1813. It has 4 stores, cap. S10,500; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,075. 1 acad. 50 stu- dents, 13 sch. 651 scholars. Pop. 1,564. Saixt Albans, p-t., capital of Franklin co., Vt., 26 N. Burlington, 63 n. w. by n. Montpclier, 537 VV. It is bounded w. by Lake Chaniphiin. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil, a fertile loam, and well cultivated. The v. is situated 3 tns. E. of the lake, on elevated ground, ami con- tains a court house and jail, on a handsome pub- lic square, 30 by 25 rods, 3 churches — 1 Congre- gational, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist— a bank, an academy, a printing office, issuing a weekly newspaper, and about 100 dwellings, many of them neat. It has a good landing place on St. Albans bay, with a wharf and several store- houses. The business of the place is extensive, with a fertile back country. There are in the t. 20 stores, cap. $80,000 ; 2 tanneries, 2 printing offices, 2 binderies, 2 weekly newspapers, 4 saw m. Cap. in nianufac. $20,500. 1 acad. 80 stu- dents, 14 sch. 315 scholars. Pop. 2,702. Saint Albans, t.. Licking co., O., 12 w. New- ark. Situated on Racoon fork of Licking r. It contains the p-v. of Alexandria. Pop. 1,315. Saint Albans, p-v., Hancock co., 111., 99 w. N. w. Springfield, 877 W. Saint Andrews, p-o., Montgomery t., Orange CO., N. Y., 94 s. by w. Albany, 296 W. Saint Andrews, bay and sound, situated on the s. coast of Florida. Its arms extend 30 miles into the country. It is easy of access, and has 18 feet of water on the bar, and good anchorage within, sheltered from all winds. The mam body of the bay extends 12 ms. N., with an aver- age breadth of from 2 to 5 ms. One mile from the sea beach, an arm extends 20 miles parallel with the coast. Ten miles from the sea another arm extends E. for 30 ms., from 1 to 10 ms. wide. The bay has some fertile settlements on its bor- ders. Saint Augustine, p-v., Cecil co., Md., 89 n. E. Annapolis, 101 W. Saint Augustine, city, port of entry, and capital of St. Johns co., Flor., 200 e. by s. Talla- hassee, 880 W. It is situated 2 miles back from the Atlantic shore, on the s. point of a peninsula, connected with the main land by a narrow isth- mus, protected from the swell of the ocean by Anastasia island, not sufficiently high to obstruct the sea breezes or a view of the ocean. The site of the city, though scarcely 12 feet higher than the level of the ocean, is healthy and pleasant, which makes it a favorite resort of invalids from the N. Snow is almost unknown, and frost is fell only one or two months in the year, and in some seasons it is not perceived at all. In the summer the sea breezes temper the heat, and the land breezes render the evenings cool ami pleas- ant. It is in the form of a parallelogram, fronting E. on Matanzas sound, forming a harbor sufficient to contain a large fleet in safety. A bar at the mouth of the harbor has not more than 9 feet of water at low tide, witlitn which it is 18 or 20 feet. The city is one mile long, and three fourths of a mile wide. The principal streets cross each other at right angles, and are narrow, and some of the streets are very crooked. The houses are generally built of stone, two stories high. A fine large square opens from the Matanzas info the e. part of the place, on the w. side of which standsf the court house, which contains the public offices On the N. side stands a splendid Roman Catholic church. On ihe s. tide is Trinity church, a neat Gothic structure. In front of the harbor is a neat market place, and the intervals around the square are fdled up with dwelling houses and orange groves. Fort Marion stands at the n. end of the town, and completely commands the harbor. The city contains 4 churches — 1 Roman Catholic, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist — a IJ. S. land office, 20 stores and groceries, various mechanic shops, 500 dwellings, and 2,459 inhab- itants. In the s. part of tlie t., fronting the Ma' tanzas, are extensive barracks. A regular packet runs to Charleston. Saint Augustine, p-v., Fulton co., 111., 85 n. N. w. Springfield, 831 W. Saint Bernard, parish. La. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, directly s. E. of New Or- leans, and contains 150 square ms. It has Lake Borgne on the n. e., and, for some distance be- low New Orleans, includes both banks of the' Mississippi. The Gulf of Mexico bounds it on the E. The surface is level, and the soil, where" not too wet for cnltivation, is very fertile, pro- ducing sugar, rice, and cotton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,862, sheep 1,154, swine 389 ; Ind. corn 65,150 btish. produced, potatoes 24,185, rice 3 1,600 nonnds, sugar 4,308,000 ; 9 stores, cap. $8,300 ; 1 distiller>-, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac.' $3S5,000. 1 college, 21 students. Pop. whites 1,035, slaves 2^137, free col'd 65; total, 3,237. Saint Catharines, island. Liberty co., Ga.y Ires between St. Catharine's sound, on the n., and Sapels sound, on the s., and is 10 miles long, and 5 broad. It lies ofTthe mouth of Newport r.- Saint Charles, parish. La. Situated in the 9. E. part of lire state, and contains 512 sq. miles. The 3Iississippi r. passes through it, and Lake Barataria lies in its s. part. Lake Pontchartrain bounds it on the n. e. It has Lake Allemande on the w., and Lake Washa on the s. Bayou des AUeinandes washes its s. e. border. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,075, sheep 3,223, swine 1,000; Indian corn 207,000 bush, produced, oats 1,500, potatoes 1,500, rice 800,000 pounds, sugar 10,000,000 ; 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $60,000. 2 sch. 23 scholars. Pop. whites 874, slaves 3,723,. free col'd 104 ; total, 4,700. Saint Charles, county, Mo. Situated in the E. part of the stale, and contains 470 square ms. The Mississippi r. bounds it on the n. e., and the' Missouri r. on the s. e. Cuivre r. runs on its n. boundary. The surface is various ; the level bottoms and prairies are very fertile. Iron ore' and stone coal are found. Capital, St. Charles. There were in 1840, neat cattle 947, sheep 4,606, swine 19,324 ; wheat 54.144 bush, produced, Ind. corn 271,251, barley 5,620, oats 48,705, potatoe* 25,853, tobacco 301,683 pounds; 23 stores, cap. $158,100; 1 lumber yard, cap. $2,000; 6 tanner- ies, 7 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 15 grist m., 7 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap» in manulii'c. $80,080. 1 college, 104 students, 2 acad. 57 students, 13 schools 321 scholars. Pop. whites 6,286, slaves 1,597, free col'd 28; total, 7,911. Saint Charles, p-o., Kane co.. 111., 189 n. N. E. Springfield, 760 W. Saint Charles, pW., capital of St. Charles co.. Mo , 20 N. w. St. Louis, 110 e. Jefferson City, 828 VV. It has an elevated and handsome situation, oH the N. bank of the Missouri r, and is the first eleva- ted land on the r. above its mouth. The shore k here rocky, and the alluvial land commences at the lower end of the town. It has 5 streets par- SAI 585 SAI allel with the r., and is about H mile long. It contains a court house, jail, of stone, market house, of brick, 3 churches — 1 Roman Catholic, 1 Methodist, and 1 Presbyterian^a nunnery, 10 stores, 2 steam mills, 130 dwellings, and 1,457 in- habitants. St. Charles College, under the direc- tion of the Methodists, is located here. It was founded in 1839, has a president and 3 professors, and about lOi students. There is a ferry across the Missouri r., and it constitutes the great cross- ing place between St. Louis and the n. and w. parts of the state. There are in the t. 1 college, 104 students, 2 acad. .57 students. Pop. 2,818. Saint Clair, lake, Mich., is situated between Lake Huron and Lake Erie, and is 24 ms. long, 30 wide, 90 in circumference, and 20 feet deep. Its banks are alluvial, elevated 20 feet above the water, and have a slightly uneven surface. It receives Clinton r., from Mich., and the Thames and others, from Canada. Saint Glair, r., or strait, Mich., connects Lake Huron with Lake St. Clair, and discharges the waters of the great upper lakes, Superior, Michigan, and Huron. It flows in a southerly direction, and enters Lake St. Clair in its n. e. part, by 6 channels, the n. one of which, on the Michigan side, is the only one navigated in as- cending and descending the r. It has few isl- ands, excepting those formed by its outlets. It receives several tributaries from fllich., the prin- cipal of which are Black r.. Pine r., and Belle r. ; but no rivers flow into it on the e. side. It lias several flourishing villages on its banks. It is -10 ms. long, half a mile wide, and on an average 50 feet deep, with a current of 3 ms. au hour, and an entire descent of about 13 feet. Its Waters are clear and transparent, the navigation easy, and the scenery various and beautiful. Saint Clair, county, Ala. Situated toward the N. E. part of the state, and contains 840 sq. ms. The Coosa r. flows on its e. and s. e. bor- der. Wills cr. bounds it on the n. e. Drained by Canoe, Shoal, and Broken Arrow creeks. Capi- tal, Asheville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,205, sheep 2,240, swine 1,972; wheat 21,370 bush, produced, Ind. corn 256,635, oats 21,000, potatoes 2,190, cotton 362,221 ; G stores, capital $31,770; 4 tanneries, 11 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 8 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $670. 19 sell. 398 scholars. Pop. whites 4,505, slaves 125, free col'd 8 ; total, 5,633. Saint Clair, county, Mich. Situated in the E. part of the state, and contains 93) sq. ms. The surface is undulating ; soil, fertile. St. Clair strait bounds it on the e. Waiered by Black, Pine, and Belle rivers. Capital, St. Clair. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,101, sheep 1,075, swine 3,029 ; wheat 10,836 bush, produced, Ind. corn 11,443, buckwheat 1,230, oats 12,641, potatoes 40,657 ; 16 stores, cap. $26,500 ; 3 lumber yards, cap. $9,000; 6 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 15 saw m., 1 printing olTice, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $119,000. 13 sch. 228 scholars. Pop. 4,606. Saint Clair, county. 111. Situated toward the s. w. part of the state, and contains 648 sq. ms. The surface is undulating, and some of it broken ; soil, various, some of it very fertile. The Mississippi r. bounds it on the w. Drained by Kabkaskia r. and its tributaries, and by Caho- kia and Prairie du Pont ereeks. Capital, Belle- ville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 23,954, sheep 9,733, swine 34,235; wheat 146,524 bush, produced, rye 1,539, Ind. corn 630,025, barley 12,367, oats 102,872, potatoes 24,134, tobacco 976 pounds ; 2 commercial and 1 commission house, cap. $70,500 ; 36 stores, cap. $77,000 ; 1 74 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 3 flouring m., 11 grist m., 14 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly new.spaper. Cap. in manufac. $122,750. 1 college 125 students, 2 acad. 91 stu-- dents, 16 sch. 505 scholars. Pop. 13,631. Saint Clair, county. Mo. Situated toward the s. w. part of the state, and contains 828 sq. ms. Watered by Osage r. and its branches. Capital, Osceola. Saint Clair, p-t., Bedford co.. Pa., 113 w. Ilarrisburg, 139 W. The surface consists of hills and valleys ; soil, clay and loam. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 flouring ra., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,640. 2 sch. 73 scholars. Pop. 1,488. Saint Clair, p-v., Burke co., Ga., 68 e. Mil' ledgeville, 619 W. Saint Clair, p-t., capital of St. Claif Co., Mich., 43 N. e. Detroit, 572 W. Bouneled e. by St. Clair strait. Watered by St. Clair and Pine rivers. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. The V. is situated on the s. side of Phie r., at its en- trance into St. Clair strait, on the site of old fort St. Clair. It contains a court house, jail, and a number of stores and dwellings. There are in the t. 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $19,500 ; 2 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 413- Saint Clair, t., Butler co., O. Situated on the w. side of Great Miami r. It contains the v. of Rossville, on the r., directly opposite to Hamil- ton. It has 2 sch. 4) scholars. Pop. 1,174. Saint Clair, t., Columbiana co., O., 11 s. e< New Lisbon. Watered by Little Beaver r. It contains several villages. The Sandy and Bea- ver canal passes through it. It has 2 sch. 51 scholars. Pop. 1,739. Saint Clairsville, p-v., capital of Belmont CO., O., 116 E. Columbus, 277 W. Situated on the national road. The situation is elevated and commanding. It contains a brick court house, a jail, county offices, 6 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist, 2 Friends, 1 Unionist,—" a market house, a bank, 2S stores, 3 printing offi- ces, 200 dwellings, and about 1,500 inhabitants. Saint Clements Bay, p-o., St. Marys co., Md., 81 s. Annapolis, 38 W. Saint Croix, r., Me., constitutes the boundary between the United States and the Biitish Pro' vince of New Brunswick. It rises in Grand lake, and pursues a s. e. course to Pas.'-amaquoddy' bay. Grand lake is connected with Cheputnete-' cook lake. The r, leaves the latter lake 545 msv from its mouth, at an elevation of 3-<2i feet above tidewater. It lias several sets of falls of consid^ crablo height, wliicli afford great water power- It is navigable 12 ms. for large vessels to Calais, vvliere it is crossed by a bridge. Immediately above the entrance of "Schoodic r., '2Qi ms. from its mouth, it has an elevation of 160 feet above tidewater. Saint Croix, lake and r.. Wis. The r. rises in the dividing riuge between Lake Superior and Mississippi r., and flowing southwardly, re- ceives many tributaries, and enters St. Croix lake, a long and narrow body oi water, and passing through it, it becomes contracted again to the dimensions of a r., shortly before it enters the Mississippi, some distance below the Falls of St- Anthony. Saint Croix, county. Wis. Situated s. w. of the w. end of Lake Superior. Bounded w. by Mississippi r. Drained by St. Croix r. and its branches, Rum r. and St. Francis r. Its territory is very extensive, and not ranch settled. Capital, St. Croix. There were in 1840, neat cattle 434, sheep 6, swine 187; wheat 74 bush, produced, Ind. corn 606, barley 79, oats 258, potatoes 8,014, SAI 586 SAI sOgar 17,997 pounds; 7 stores, cap. §118,500; 3 saw m. Cap. in mauufac. $7-1,000. 3 sch. 49 scholars. Pop. 809. S.u.NT Croi.v, v., capital of St. Croi.x co.. Wis. Situated on the w. side, and near tlie head of St. Croi.x lake. It contains a court house and a few dwellings. SAiNTFiEf^D, p-o., Muskingum co., O., 66 e. Columbus, 339 W. Saint Francis, r.. Mo. and Ark., rises in St. Francis co., Mo., and flowing s., enters Ark., and receives White Water r., a large branch which rises in Mo., and flows nearly parallel to it, and enters the Mis.sissippi in Phillips co. It is navi- gable in high water nearly 2(i0 ms. It passes through many lakes and swamps, yet its waters are remarkal)ly clear, and abound with fine fish. Saint Francis, county. Mo. Situated toward the s. E. part of the state, and contains 423 sq. ms. The surface is hill}'^ ; soil, fertile. Drained by St. F'rancis, Big, and Establishment rivers. Iron ore is found. Capital, Farmington. ITiere were in 1840, neat cattle 3,740, sheep 3,548, swine ]0,721 ; wheat 21,903 bu.sh. produced, Ind. corn 167,27.5, oats 31,273, potatoes 441, tobacco 13,410 pounds; 11 stores, cap. $23,950; 5 tanneries, 1 distillery, 4 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $,S,600. 1 1 sch. 2S6 scholars. Pop. whites 2,694, slaves 501, free col'd 16; total, 3,211. Saint Francis, county. Ark. Situated in the E. part of the state, and contains 1,080 sq. ms. St. Francis r. runs on its e. border. Drained by Cache and White rivers. Capital, Franklin. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,508, sheep 559, swine 8,862; wheat 1,438 bush, produced, Ind. corn 128,470, oats 3,942, potatoes 13,790, tobacco 2,502 pounds, cotton 53,333 ; 7 stores, capitaj $24,650 ; 1 flourhig m., 6 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,000. 3 sch. 70 scholars. Pop. ■whites 2,032, slaves 365, free col'd 2 ; total, 2,499. Saint Francis, p-v., St. Francis co.. Ark., 110 E. by n. Little Rock. Saint Francis, t., Phillips co.. Ark. It has 3 sch. 72 scholars. Pop. 983. Saint Francisville, p-v., Lawrence co.. III., 178 s. E. Springfield, 698 W. Saint Francisville, p-v., capital of West Feliciana par.. La., 136 n. w. New Orleans, 1,170 W. Situated on the e. bank of the Mississippi, on a biuif, 1 m. from the r., and 163 ms. above New Orleans. By the Bayou Sarah it commu- nicates witii the Alississippi, and is a noted stop- ping place for descending boats, and great quan- tities of corn are shipped from it. A weekly newspaper is issued here. It contains a court hou.se, 15 stores, and 814 inhabitants. Saint Francisville, p-v., Clark co., Mo., 177 N. .lefferson City, 904 W. Situated on tiie s. w. side of Des Moines r. Saint Genevieve, county, Mo. Situated in the E. toward the s. part of the state, and contains 40!) sq. ms. The i^Iississippi r. runs on its n. w. boundary. The surface is rolling and broken ; soil, on the bottoms, very fertile, upland but mod- erately so. Drained by Au Vase and Establish- ment rivers, and Coldwater cr. Capital, St. Genevieve. Tiiere were in 1840, neat cattle 4,329, .sheep 1,696, swine 10,591; wheat 28,976 bush, produced, Ind. corn 203,754, oats 18,351, potatoes 2,520, tobacco 81,855 pounds, sugar 1,175; 6 commission houses, cap. $12,000; 14 stores, cap. $78,550 ; 2 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $37,951). 2 acad. 60 students, 4 sch. 92 scholars. Pop. whites 2,563, slaves 548, free col'd 37 j total, ^^ 148. Saint Genevieve, p-v., capital of St. Gene- vieve CO., Mo., 61s. by e. St. Louis, 190 e. s. e. Jeflferson City, 844 W. Situated on the w. bank of tlie Missis^ippi, about 1 m. from the r. It is built on Gabourie cr., a small stream, which is sometimes boatable. It contains a Roman Cath- olic church, an academy, some neat French houses, and about 1,000 inhabitants. Below the v. is a prairie of 6,000 acres of great fertility, fenced, and cultivated in common. The inhab- itants are chiefly French. The v. has an exten- sive trade in lead. There are in the t. 1 acad. 40 students. Pop. 1,607. Saint George, p-t., Lincoln co.. Me., 48 s. e. Augusta, 625 W. Situated on a peninsula formed by the Atlantic ocean on the E. and s., and Mus- congus bay on the w. It possesses great facili- ties for navigation, and has considerable shipping employeii in the lumber and coasting trade, and in the fisheries. Vessels are built here. Incor- porated in 1803. It has 10 stores, cap. $4,850 ; 1 grist m., 17 sch. 904 scholars. Pop. 2,094. Saint George, t., Chittenden co., Vt., 8 s. e. Burlington, 28 w. by .n. Montpclier. It is a small t. The surface is uneven ; soil, loam, clay, and gravel. Chartered in 1763. First settled in 1781. It has 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 121. Saint George's, p. hundred, iS'ew Castle CO., Del., 31 N. Dover, 126 W. It lias 10 stores, cap. $30,800 ; 4 lumber yards, cap. $6,.500 ; 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac.' $13,750. 3 sch. 92 scholars. Pop. 3,127. Saint Helena, par., La. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and bordering on Miss. It con- tains 1,700 sq. ms. Amite r. runs on its w. border. Drained by Ticfah r. and its branches. The soil is sterile, excepting on the streams, and is gener- ally covered with pine timber. Capital, Greens- burg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,590, sheep 1,513, swine 16,300; Ind. corn 102,930 bush, produced, oats 4,978, potatoes 38,782, rice 33,060 pounds, cotton 925,176; 11 stores, cap. $14,500 ; 2 tanneries, 11' grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $30,650. 1 acad. 37 students, 4 sch. 86 scholars. Pop. whites 1,945, slaves 1,573, free col'd 7 ; total, 3,525. Saint Helena, p-v., St. Helena nar., La., 85 N. New Orleans, 1,157 W. Situated on the w. side of Ticfah r. Saint Inigoe.s, p-v., St. Mary's co., Md., 105 s. Annapolis, 82 W. Situated on a small r. of the same name, which enters St. Mary's r., a short distance from the Potomac. Saint James, par.. La. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, a little west of New Orleans, and contains 230 sq. ms. Amite r. bounds it on tlie N. and the 31ississippi on the s. It contiins JeflTerson College, at Briiigiers. Capital, Brin- giers. There were in 1840, neat cuttle 4,762, sheep 5,107, swine 3,290; Ind. corn 155,790 bush, produced, cotton 1,032,9.50 pounds, .sugar 1.3,157,000; 14 stores, cap. $155,000; 2 .saw m. Cap. in manufac. $246,0)0. 2 colleges, 505 stu- dents, 3 sch. 48 scholars. Pop. wiiites 2,762, slaves 5,711, free col'd 75 ; total, 8,548. Saint James, p-o., Baltimore co., Md., 62 N. Annapolis, 72 W. Saint James' Church, p-o., Bedford co., Va., 136 w. Richmond, 211 W. Saint John Baptist, par.. La. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, a little w. of New Or- leans, and contains ^^G ) sq. ms. I'he Mississippi r. passes through it, and Lake Pontciiartrain lies on its N. E. border. The only land capable of cultivation is on the margin of the streams, and is very fertile. It produces cotton and sugar. Capital, Bonnet Carre. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,620, sheep 2,000, swine 930 ; Ind. com SAI 587 SAI 208,830 bush, produced, rice 112,000 pounds, sugar 11,000,000; 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $37,000. 8 sch. 81 scholars. Pop. whites 2,141. free col'd 191 ; total, 3,776. Saint Johns, r., Me., rises by several branches in Somerset co. Its head waters approach near to those of" the Chaudiere, in Canada, and the Pe- nobsi;ot, in Me., and by a broad sweep it passes through the n. part of Maine, and below the entrance of St. Francis r. it forms the n, boundary of 3Iaine until it crosses the United States boun- dary into New Brunswick, in about lat. 47° n., where it pursues a s. and s. e. course until it enters the Bay of Fundy. Tlie Aroostook, a large tributary, rises in the n. part of Penobscot CO., and crossing Aroostook co. enters it in New Brunswick. The St. Johns is navigable for sloops of 50 tons 80 ms. from its mouth ; and, with the exception of 2 short portages, nearly to its source, a distance of 350 ms. The free navi- gation of this r., secured by the late treaty with Great Britain, will be of great importance to the N. part of Maine. S.VINT Johns, r., Flor., This r., or sound, rises in an immense marsh, elevated but little above the level of the ocean, and flows northwardly nearly parallel with the ocean, until it turns sud- denly to the E. and flows into the Atlantic. It receives in the upper part of its course the Ock- lawaha, a large branch, previous to which it passes through Lake George. Its whole course is about 250 ms. It often spreads from 3 to 5 ms. in width, though in other places it is not more than one-fourth of a mile wide. Vessels requiring 8 feet water enter Lake George and Dunns Lake, 150 ms. from its mouth. At its entrance, it has, 12 feet of water on the bar, and it is here only 1, mile wide. There is a light-house on the s. side of the r. at its entrance. S.\iNT Johns, county, Flor. Situated in the e. part of the peninsula, and contains 1,450 sq. ms. Watered by St. John's and North rivers, and Ma- ianzas sound. It produces cotton, Indian corn, and sugar cane ; and of fruits, oranges, citrons, and lemons. It has much fertile land, and some incapable of cultivation. Live oak is extensively found on St. Johns r. In the neighborhood of St. Augustine the land has long been tilled. Capital, St. Augustine. There were in 1840, neat cattle, 647, swine 534; Ind. corn 3,175 bush, produced, potatoes 1,126, sugar 25,000 pounds; 45 stores, cap. $31,700; 2 printing offices, 2 weekly news- papers. Cap. in manufac. $3,850. 3 acad. 113 students, 4 sch. 77 scholars. Pop. whites 1,635, slaves 888, free col'd 121 ; total, 2,694. Saint Johns, p-o., Allen comity, O., 95 n. w. Columbus, 480 W. Saint Johns, p-o., Hertford co., N. C, 162 e. by N. Raleigh, 291 W. Saint Johnsbury, p-t., Caledonia co., Vt., 7 e. Danville, 37 n. e. Montpelier, 546 W. The sur- face is uneven ; soil, strong and fertile, particu- larly on the r. Watered by Pasumpsic r. and its tributaries, which afford good water power. Chartered in 1786. First settled in 1783. It has a pleasant v., 2i miles s. of the centre, contain- ing several stores, and some fine dwellings. At the centre is a Congregational church. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. $29,5 JO ; 3 fulling m., 1 furnace, 3 tanneries, 2 potteries, 1 printing of- fice, 1 weekly newspaper, 5 grist m., 7 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $92,700. 1 acad. 25 students, 15 sch. 602 scholars. Pop. 1,887. Saint Johnsbury Centre, p o., St. Johns- bury t., Caledonia co., Vt., 40 n. e. Montpelier, 549 W. Saint Johnsbury East, p-o., St. Johnsbury t.. Caledonia co., Vt., 41 n. e. Montpelier, 550 W. Saint Johnstown, p-v., Sussex co., Del., 34 s. Dover, 119 W. Saint Johnsville, p-t., Montgomery co., N. v., 61 n. w. Albany, 394 W. The surface is un- dulating or hilly ; soil, fertile. Drained by East Canada and Zimmerman's creeks flowing into the Mohawk r., which bounds it on the s. The v. is situated on the N. side of Mohawk river., and contains 1 church. 2 stores, 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 tannery, 1 sash fac, 1 forge and furnace, 1 carding machine, 1 fulling m., 35 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 grist ra., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,000. 4 sch. 113 scholars. Pop. 1,923. Saint Joseph's, bay, Flor., lies within Cape St. Bias, a long and crooked peninsula. The bay is 20 miles long, and from 7 to 8 wide, with a broad entrance from the n. w., near Cape False, affording 17 feet of water on the bar. A middle ground occupies much of the space between Cape False and the peninsula, having from 9 to 11 feet of water. There is a channel on the s. E. side of the entrance close to the peninsula, nearly equal in depth to the n. w. passage. The water becomes more shoal 4 miles from the s. E. end of the bay. There is a picturesque island, 2 miles from the s. e. end, covered with live oak, cedar, and palms. The n. e. shore is inter- tersected by ponds and lagoons. Saint Joseph's, r. of the Maumee, Mich., rises, by several branches, in the central part of Hillsdale co., and flows a southwesterly course, across a corner of Ohio into Indiana, and joins the St. Mary's at Fort Wayne, forming Maumee r. It affords much water power. Saint Joseph's, r. of Lake Michigan, rises in the N. E. part of Hillsdale co., and flows e., and after a broad southerly bend, in which it enters la., it proceeds n. w. until it enters Lake Michi- gan. In length and volume of water it is tlie second river in the Peninsula, being 250 miles long, but in a direct line not more than 150 miles. It is navigable for keel boats 130 ms., to Lock- port. At its mouth is a good harbor, and, by a pier, is sufficient for any number of vessels re- quired by the lake navigation. There is a sand bar at its mouth, which has 6 feet of water. It receives many tributaries, and affords much wa- ter power. Its intervals are very fertile, and, in some places, heavily timbered. Saint Joseph's, island, Mich. Situated in the straits of St. Mary, between George's island on th* N. w. and Drummond's island on the s. E. It is 20 ms. long and 8 broad, at its medial breadth, dividing the passage into two parts. The s. w. passage is called 3Iuddy lake, and the United States boundary passes through it. On its s. extremity are the remains of an old British fort. Saint Joseph's, county, Mich. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 528 sq. ms. Organized in 1829. Drained by St. Joseph's r. and its branches, Prairie, Portage, Rocky, and Pigeon rivers. The surface is undulating; soil, very fertile. Capital, Centreville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,865, sheep 3,986, swine 13,864; wheat 131,451 bushels produced, rye i 2,438, Indian corn 148,944, buckwheat 2,927, bar- ley 11,323, oats 112,125, potatoes 66,336, sugar 20,250 pounds ; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 distil- leries, 7 flouring m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3L),100. 37 sch. 819 scholars. Pop. 7,068. Saint Joseph's, county, la. Situated in the N. part of the state, bordering on Blich., and con- SAI 588 SAI tains 463 sq. ms. Watered by St. Joseph's r. and Kankakee r., which, with other streams, afford water power. The surface is level, with many fine prairies and timber land in the s. The soil is fertile. Capital, youth Bend. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,551, sheep 3,668, swine 14,289; wheat 102,620 bushels produced, Indian corn 197,438, buckwheat 1,920, oats 133,647, potatoes 40,867, tobacco 1,412 pounds, sugar 72,018; 1 commission house, cap. .$2,500; 20 stores, cap. $36,425 ; 5 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 pottery, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 14 saw m., 1 printing of- fice, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $128,507. 1 acad. 38 students, 22 sch. 920 scliol- ars. Pop. 6,425. Saint Joseph, p-t., Williams co., O., 180 n. w. Columbus, 524 W. It has 1 store, cap. S:i00; 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $500. 3 sch. 5'J scholars. Pop. 192. Saint Josei-h, p-t., Berrien co., Mich., 195 w. by s. Detroit, 652 W. Watered by St. Joseph and Pawpaw rivers, which unite in the t. Lake Michigan bounds it on the w. It contains St. Joseph v., capital of tlie co., situated on the s. side of St. Joseph r., at its entrance into the lake. It contains a court house, jail, an Episcopal church, 12 stores, 4 largo forwarding and com- mission houses, a bank, 2 sleam saw m., a print- ing office issuing a weekly nevv.spaper, and about SUO inhabitants. It is one of the most important places on the vv. side of the peninsula ; $35,000 have been appropriated for the improvement of the harbor ; it has 2,000 feet of wharf, and 6i feet of water. Three steamboats are owned here. A bridge across the St. Joseph river here, cost $15,000. There are in the t. 2 commission houses, cap. $16,000; 4 stores, cap. $7,900; saw m. c:ap. in manufac. $8,6G3. " Bcholars. Pop. 489. Saint Landre, par., La. Situated toward the S. w. part of the state, and contains 2,000 sq. ms. The surlace and the soil are various. The Atcha- falaya Bayou bounds it on the e., and Bayou Nez Pique on the w. Drained by Teche and Vermil jon rivers. Capital, Opelousas. There were in 1840, neat cattle 69,207, sheep 10,226, swine 20,841 ; Ind. corn 431,208 bush, produced, pota- toes 74,523, rice 5,000 pounds, tobacco 3,500, cot- ton 21,437,190, sugar 400,000; 37 stores, cap $512,900; 4 tanneries, 3 flouring m., 100 grist m., o.saw ra., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufae. !j;78,10U. 1 college, 9 students, 2 acad. 120 students, 7 sch. 85 scholars. Pop. whites 7,179, slaves 7,129, free col'd 925 ; total, 15,233. Saint Landre, v. (See Opelousas.) Saint Lawrence, r., U. S. and Canada, forms the outlets of the great lakes Superior, Huron, Michigan, Erie and Ontario, and after a course of more than 2,000 miles, flows into the Gulf of St. Lawrence. It forms the boundary, with the middle of tiie lakes through wliich it passes, be- tween the United States and CanacJa, until it arrives at about the 45th degree of n. lat., though by the late treaty tjie boundary follow-s the old line as formerly .settled, wiiich is 1 mile n. of the 45th degree. It has different names in different parts of its course. From its moutii to Lake On- tario it is called the St. Lawrence ; between Lakes Ontario and Erie, Niagara r. ; between Lakes Erie and St. Clair, Detroit r. ; between Lakes St. Clair and Huron, St. Clair r. ; and be- tween Lakes Huron and Superior, St. Mary's r. It is navigable for ships of the line 400 miles, to Quebec ; and for ships of 600 tons to Montreal. The distance from Montreal to Lake Ontario ' has an average breadth of 2 miles. At its mouth, the Gulf, from Cape Rosier toMingau settlement, in Labrador, is 105 miles in length. Saint Lawrence, county, N. Y. Situated toward the n. e. part of the state, and contains 2,717 sq. ms. The surface is diversified by gentle swells, broad valleys and extended tracts of level country. In the s. e. part it is hilly and mountain- ous. The soil is generally productive. The St. Lawrence r. runs on its x. w. border for a dis- tance of 75 miles. Watered by St. Regis, Racket, Grass, Oswegatchie, and Indian rivers, and their tributaries. Some of these are to some extent navigable, and they afford much water power. Black lake is an expansion of Indian r., 20 miles long and 2 wide. There are other small lakes. In the town of Canton, a natural canal, 6 milea long and from 30 to 80 yards wide, connects Os- wogatchie and Grass rivers, and is boatable. The St. Lawrence is navigated by sloops and steam- boats from Lake Ontario, 60 miles, to Ogdens- burgh. Lead ore is extensively found in the vicinity of Rossie v. Iron ore is extensively found — some of it magnetic. Marble is abundant. A railroad has been projected, from Ogdcns- burgh to Plattsburgh. Capital, Canton. There were in 1840, neat cattle, 61,455, sheep 125,8^1, swine 4 1,889 ; wheat 278,007 bush, produced, rye 23,571, Ind. corn 204,821, buckwheat 34,3l2, barley 24,018, oats 334,009, potatoes 1,412,272, sugar 843,132 pounds ; 2 commission houses, cap. §3,000, 155 stores, cap. §558,000 ; 16 furnaces, 6 forges, 28 fulling m., 4 woollen fac, 27 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 potteries, 2 flouring m., 45 grist m., 103 saw m., 1 paper fac, 2 printing oflices, -cpli's islands, and Drummond island, at its mouth, besides some smaller ones. The usual ship channel is up the w. strait, and the navigation is difficult, and re- quires an experienced pilot. Its general width is three fourths of a mile, and the current U m. an hour. It is navigable above and below the rapids, which are 15 ms. from Lake Superior, for large vessels. The rapids are three fourths of a m. long, and have a fall of 22 feet 10 inches. "^I'lie entire fall of the r., from Lake Superior to its mouth, is 44 feel M inches. A ship canal has been in contemplation around the falls. Large quan- tities of whitefisli, trout, and other fish are taken in this r., and extensively exported. Saint Mary's, county, Md. Situated in the s. w. part of llie st;ite, bciweeii the Potomac and Patuxent rivers, and coniain.s 200 sq. ms. Several short rivers, with broad estuaries, flow into the Potomac r. The laryc^t of these is the Wicomico r., which forms its western boundary for some dis- tance. Capital, Leonardiovvn. There were in l-<40, neat cattle 10,073, sheep 11,390, swine 17,320; wheat 68,372 bnsh. produced, rye 1,568, Ind. com 255,955, buckwheat 83, oats 61,862, potatoes 11,723; tobacco 2,872,052 pounds ; 30 stores, cap. $59,630 ; 1 cotton fac. 224 sp., 4 flouring m., 24 grist m. ; 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $19,000. 4 acad. 54 students, 12 sch. 351 scholars. Pop. whiles 6,070, slaves 5,761, free col'd 1,393; total, 13,224. Saint Mary's, parish, La. Situated in the s. part of the slate, and contains 870 sq. ms. The surface is level, and the soil fertile, where it is not too wet for cidtivation. Watered by Teche r. ("hetimaches lake lies on its n. e. border. Capi- tal, Franklin. There w?re in 1840, neat cattle 16,806, sheep 8,211, swine 6,403; Ind. com 153,410 bush, produced, potatoes 20,017, rice 4,741 pounds, cotton 1,436.000, sugar 13,291,000 ; 13 stores, cap. $1 12,600 j 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $55,600. 8 sch. 110 scholars. Pop. whites 2,366, slaves 6,286, free col'd 298 ; total, 8,950. Saint Mary's, p o., Chester co.. Pa., 64 s. E. Ilarrisburg, 139 W. Saint Mary's, p-v., fiercer co., O., 105 w. n. w. Columbus, 498 W. Situated on the e. bank of St. Mary's r., at the head of boat navigation on the r. It contains 2 stores, 1 tannery, 1 printing office, issuing a weekly newspaper, 35 dwellings, and about "iOO iidiabilants. Il was ibrmerly the capital of the co. Saint IMarv's, p-v., and port of entr>', Camden CO , Ga., 293 s. s. e. Milledgeville, 802 W. Situ- ated on St. Mary's r., 7 ms. from its mouth. It has a safe harbor, and vessels requiring 21 feet of water come to its wharves. Il contains a Presbyterian church, an academy, several stores, 80 dwellings, and about 600 inhabitants. ^I'on- nage, 1840, 2,754. Saint Mary's, p-o., JefTerson co.. Ark. Saint Mary's, p-o., Hancock co.. 111., 95 w. n. w. Springfield, 873 W. Saint Mary's Landing, p-v., St. Genevieve CO., Mo., 202 E. s. E. Jefferson City, 856 W. Sit- uated on the w. bank of the Mississippi r. Saint Michaels, r., Talbot co., Md., flows 10 ms. s., and approaches Tread Haven bay, and then turns to the n. vv., and after a course of about 6 ms. enters Chesapeake bay by a broad estuary, opjiosile the s. part of Kent island. Saint Michaels, p-v., Talbot co., Md., 57 e. .\nnapolis, 97 W. Situated on the w. side of St. Michael's r. Saint Omer, p-v., Decatur co., la., 37 s. E. Indianapolis, 560 W. Situated on the N. side of Flat Rock cr., which affords water power. It contains about 150 inhabitants. Saint Paris, p-v., Johnston t.. Champaign co., O., 57 w. by N. Columbus, 451 W. Saint Patricks, p-o., Washington co., Ark., 161 N w. Little Rock, 1,200 W. Saint Pai'l, p-o., .Sladison co., Ark. ,151 n. w. Little Rock, 1,2(.7 W. Saint Paul's, p-o., Robeson co., N. C, 75 s. s. w. Raleigh, 363 W. Saint Peter's, p-o., St. Charles co.. Mo., 103 E. Jefferson City, 836 W. Saint Stephens, p-v., Washington co., Ala., 149 s. by w. Tuscaloosa, 961 W. Situated on the w. bank of Tombigbee r., 120 ms. above Mo- bile, at the head of schooner navig;ition. It has a considerable number of houses, built chiefly ot stone, but wears the aspect of decay. It con- tains a U. S. land office, several stores, and about 150 inhal)itants. Saint Tam.many, parish. La. Situated in the E. part of the state, and contains 972 sq. ms. , Lake Poatchartrain bounds it on the s. Wiitcreo SAL 591 SAL by Chifuncte r. Pearl r. runs on its e. border, and Tangipola r. on its w. border. The surface is uneven ; soil, sterile, extensively covered with pine. Capital, Covington. There were in 1810, neat cattle 25,000, sheep 1,250, swine 18,500 ; Ind. corn 12,150 bush, prod., oats 4,000, potatoes 18,350, rice 987,250 pounds, cotton 140,000, sugar 300,000 ; 25 stores, cap. $3^5,0 JO ; 18 grist m., 21 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $2,18S,879. 2 acad. 56 students, 1 sch. 15 scholars. Pop. whiles 2,353, slaves 1,940, free col'd 305 ; total 4,593. Saint Tammany, p-o., Jleckienburg co., Va., 97 s. w. Richmond, 213 W. Saint Thomas, p-t., Franklin co.. Pa., 7 w. by s. Chambersburg, 53 s. w. Harrisburg, 98 W. The surface is rolling ; soil, slate with some cal- careous loam. Drained by Back cr. and its trib- utaries. The V. contains 2 churches, common to several denominations, 3 stores, 100 dwellings, and about 600 inhabitants. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. §12,000; 1 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 5 grist ni., 7 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $23,650. 11 sch. 361 ^cholars. Pop. 1,725. Salem, countj', N. J. Situated in tfce s. w. part of the state, and contains 320 sq. ms. Or- ganized in 1763. Bounded s. w. and n. w. by Delaware bay and river. The surface is level ; soil, in the N. and w. parts, clay and loam mixed with sand, and fertile. In the s. E. part, the soil is sandy and gravelly, and less fertile. It has extensive beds of marl. Watered by Oldman's, Salem, Allow^ay's, and Stow creeks. Capital, Salem. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,277, sheep 16,436, swine 26,339; wheat 94,484 bush, produced, rye 36,925, Ind. corn 371,984, buck- wheat 30,529, barley 471, oats 306,691, potatoes 70,644; 48 stores, cap. $103,410; 3 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 1 pottery, 17 grist m., 12 saw m., 1 printing office, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $194,398. 2 acad. 71 students, 43 sch. 14,155 scholars. Pop. 16,024. Salem, p-t., Franklin co.. Me., 52 n. n. w. Au- gusta, 642 \y. Watered by a branch of Seven Mile brook. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Incorporated in 1823. It has I store, cap. $600 ; 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,400. 5 sch, 256 scholars. Pop. 561. Salem, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H., 37 s. s. e. Concord, 458 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, generally fertile. It has a pond in the w., and another in the s. E. part. Watered by Spiggotr. and its branches, which afTord water power. It has 4 stores, cap. $6,700; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 5 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac $32,800. 10 sch. 467 scholars. Pop. 1,408. Salem, p-t, Orleans co., Vt., 62 n. n. e. Mont- pelier, 578 W, The surface is level ; soil, fer- tile. South bay of Lake Memphremagog hes on its N, w. border. Watered by Clyde r., which passes through a considerable pond on its n. e. border, and enters Lake Memphremagog in Der- by. Chartered in 1781. First settled in 1798. Pop. 299. Salem, city, port of entry, and one of the cap- itals of Essex CO., Mass. Situated in 42° 34' n. lat., and 70° 5' w. Ion. from Greenwich, and in 6° e. Ion. from Washington. It is 14 n. n. w. from Boston, and 454 n. e. W. The population in 1810, was 12,613; 1820, 12,731 ; in 1830, 13,886; m 1840, 15,082. Employed in commerce, 237 ; manufactures and trades, 1,188 ; navigating the ocean, 1,301 ; learned professions, &c., 52. It is chiefly built on a tongue of land formed by 2 inlets from the sea, called North and South rivers, over the former of which is a bridge, up- wards of 1,500 feet long, connecting it with Be- verly, and the latter forms the harbor. The har- bor has good anchorage ground, but vessels drawing more than 12 or 14 feet of water must be partially unloaded before they can come to its wharves. The situation of Salem is low, but it is pleasant and healthy. It is well built, and latterly most of the houses which have been erected, are of brick, and many of them are taste- ful and elegant. The compact part of Salem is about one and a half miles long, and half a mile wide. The streets are irregular, having been originally laid out without much regard to sym- metry and beauty. In the northern part of the town there is an elegant public square or com- mon, containing about 10 acres, surrounded by a handsome public walk, ornamented with rows of trees. An aqueduct supplies the city with an abundance of excellent spring water. Salem was long the second town in New England in wealth, commerce, and population ; but Provi- dence and Lowell now exceed it in population, and New Bedford in shipping. It was long dis- tinguished for its East India trade, by which it was greatly enriched ; but this branch of com- merce, though still carried on, is less extensive than formerly. On a peninsula below the town are Fort Pickering and Fort Lee ; and on Baker's island there is a light-house. Tlie tonnage of this port in 1840, was 37,020. Among the public buildings are a court hcsose, a jail, an almshouse, a market house, an East India Marine Museum, and a Lyceum. It has 9 banks, with an aggregate capital of $2,000,000 ; 6 insurance companies, with a total capital of $950,000 ; a marine insurance company, and an institution for savings. There are 2 public libra- ries, an atheneum containing 10,000 volumes, and a mechanics' library, containing 1,200 volumes. There are 16 churches — 1 Unitarian, 4 Congre- gational, 2 Baptist, 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist, 1 Christian, 1 Roman Catholic, 1 Friends, and 1 Universalist. Among the public institutions is a society form- ed of those who, as captains or supercargoes, have doubled the Cape of Good Hope or Cape Horn, formed in 1801, for the relief, when neces- sary, of the families of its members, and for ad- vancing the knowledge necessary for the East India trade. It has a splendid museum, consist- ing of curiosities collected from all parts of the world. To this museum strangers have free ac- cess when introduced by a member. There were in 1840, 45 commercial houses ; 80 retail stores, with a cap. of $430,000 ; capital in- vested in the fisheries, $200,000; 17 tanneries, cap. .$75,000 ; 4 distilleries, cap. $35,000 ; paints, drugs, &c., cap. $140,000 ; 4 ropewalks, cap. $83,000 ; 2 grist m., 2 saw m., cap. $50,000 ; 3 printing offices, 2 weekly and 2 semi-weekly newspapers, cap. $9,000. Total cap. in manu- fac. $1,439,000. 1 acad. 32 students, 77 sch. 2,965 scholars. Next to Plymouth, Salem is the oldest place in the state, having been settled in 1628. Its Indian name was Naumkeag or Naumkeek, by which it was designated in early times. The territory, which originally included Danvers, Beverly, and Marblehead, was purchased of the Plymouth colony by a company in England, and was set- tled by a colony under John Endicott, as agent, and John Winthrop was its first governor, ap- pointed by the company in England. This col- ony so increased that in a few years Boston, Charlestown, and Dorchester, were settled by emigrants from it. In 1692, the celebrated delu- sion denominated " the Salera witchcraft" pre- SAL 5^2 SAL vailed, and 19 persons were hanged as witches, in tliis and some neighboring towns, including Charlestown and Boston, ^rhe first trial was ol a person living in what is now Danvers, and tlie house is still standing in Salem in which the trials were held, and the place of execution is now denominated "gallows hill," from which now peaceful spot the most delightful view of the city is obtained. At length this severity was condemned, and the occasion of it was pronounced a delusion. These colonists undoiibiedly erred exceedingly, but their error belonged to the age. The English laws at the time recognized witch- craft as a capital offence, and these laws were sanctioned by such men as the learned and up- right judge. Sir Malihew Hale. Salem was distinguished as the early supporter of the American Revolution. On the closing of the port of Boston, the general court was remov- ed to this place, and General Gage hoped that the inhabitants would be conciliated by the pros- pect of increasing prosperity. But by a unani- mous vote in a public town meeting ihey gave him to understand that they disdained to flourish on the ruin of Boi-ton,and they offered resistance to an attempt to seize some military stores be- fore the battle of Lexington. During the revolu- tionary war Salem was distinguished for the number, boldness, and success of its privateers, amounting to 60 vessels, manned by 4,000 men. Salem became a city in 1836. The railroad from Salem to Boston was opened in 1838, and is passed in 50 minutes. Salem, p-t., New London co., Ct., 30 s. e. Hartford, 354 W. It was taken chiefly from Col- chester, and incorporated in 181d. The soil is generally fertile. Watered by a stream which flows into Connecticut r. in Lyme. Gardner's lake lies on its n. e. border. It contains 4 church- es — 1 Congregational, 1 Methodist, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Baptist. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,100; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manul'ac. $1,000. 7 sch. 297 scholars. Pop. 811. S.\LEM, p t., and semi-capital of Washington CO., N. Y., 46 N. N. E. Albany, 416 W. The sur- face is undulating and hilly ; soil, sandy and clay loam, and well cultivated. Drained by Black and White creeks, branches of Battenkill river, ■which afford water power. The v. is pleasantly situated in a valley, on White cr., and contains a court house, jail, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Associate Reformed church, Washington academy, 5 stores, 1 grist m., 1 furnace, 1 machine shop, 100 dwell- ings, many of them neat, and about 700 inhabit- ants. The great northern turnpike from Lansing- burg, one of the best roads in the country, passes through it, and it is a great thoroughfare. There are in the t. 11 stores, cap. $41,400; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 printing office, 1 weekly news- paper, 5 grist m., 5 saw m. Capital in manufac. $34,255. 1 acad. 50 students, 22 sch. 731 schol- ars. Pop. 2,855. Salem, v., Portland t., Chautauque co., N. Y. It contains 1 church, 1 store, 1 grist m., 1 tannery, and about 30 dwellings. Salem, p-t., and capital of Salem co., N. J., 64 s. Trenton, 175 W. The soil is a fertile sandy loam. Watered by Salem cr. and its tributaries. The v. is situated on Salem cr., 3h miles from its mouth in Delaware bay, and contains a fine brick court house, 60 by 40 feet, with fire proof brick county offices adjacent, a stone jail, 7 churches — 1 Episcopal, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Meth- odist, 1 Baptist, 2 Friends, (1 Ortiiodox and 1 Hicksite,) and 1 African Methodist — 1 market house, 1 bank, 1 academy, 2 printing offices, each issuing a weekly newspaper, 26 stores, 3 lumber yards, 1 steam grist m., 1 horse m., anf? about 250 dwellings. A steamboat runs daily to Delaware city and Newcastle, and connects with one from Philadelphia. Vessels of 50 tona come up to the v., but a bar at the mouth of the creek has but 8 feet water. ITiere is a draw-bridge over the cr. This was the first place settled m West Jersey, having been founded in 1675, There are in the t. 17 stores, captial $47,490 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $23,000 ; 2 tanneries, 1 pot- tery, 1 printing oflSce, 2 weekly newspapers. (Jap. in manufac. $39,996. 2 acad. 71 students, 4 sch. 130 scholars. Pop. 2,007. Salem, p-t., Mercer co.. Pa., 241 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 296 W. The surface is level ; soil, clay and loam. Watered by Little Shenango and Crooked creeks, which unite in its w. part, and flow into Big Shenango cr. It has 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 grist m^ 13 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $3,600. 13 sch. 569 scholars. Pep. 1,980. SaLtEM, t., Wayne eo., Pa. Drained by Waul- lenpapack cr. It has 7 sch. 190 scholars. Pop, 849. Salem, t., Luzerne co.. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,500 ; 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in man'' ufac. $11,800. 6 sch. 218 scholars. Pop. 1,009. Salem, t., Westmoreland co.. Pa. It h.is Loyal- hanna r. on the e. Drained by Beaver Dam r. The borough contains 204 inhabitants. There are in the t. 10 sch. 300 scholars. Pop. 1,892.^ S.^LKM, p-v., capital of Roanoke co., Va., 17S w. Richmond, 246 W. Situated on Roanoke r. It contains a court house, jail, 1 store, and about 250 inhabitants. Salem, p-v., Stokes co., N. C, 109 w. by s. Raleigh, 320 W. It is a neat Moravian v., situ- ated on a small branch of Yadkin r., built m sily on a single street, li mile long, shaded with trees. The houses are chiefly of brick. It contnins a church, a Moravian female academy, of celebrity, which has 4 brick buildings, 4 stories high, situ- ated on a fine public square, a branch of Cape Fear Bank at Wilmington, a cotton fac, a puper fac, a printing office, 4 stores, and about 1,009 inhabitants. Salem, p-v., Sumter dist., S. C, 91 e. Colum- bia, 507 W. Situated on e. side of Black r. Salem, p-v., Clarke co., Ga., 53 n. by w. M'lU ledge ville, 615 W. It contains 1 Methodist church, an academy, 2 stores, I tannery, and about 30 dwellings. Salem, p-v., Russell co., Ala., 180 e. s. e. Tus- caloosa, 775 VV. Salem, p-v., Tippah co.. Miss., 208 n. n. e- Jackson, 8.S2 W. Sale.m, p-v., Franklin co., Term., 104 s. s. E. Nashville, 674 W. Salem, p-v., capital of Crittenden co., Ky., 249 w. s. w. Frankfort, 781 W. Situated between the Ohio and Cumberland rivers, and contains a court house, jail, 3 stores, 1 school 25 scholars. Pop. 233. Salem,, p-t^ Columbiana co.,-0., 167 E. N. E. Columbus, 239 W. It contains the villages of Washingtonville and Franklin Square. It has 10 sch. 324 scholars. Pop. 1,900. Salem, v., Perry t., Columbiana co., O. It has 4 sch. 339 scholars. Pop. 812. Salem, t., Monroe co., O. It has 2 sck 40 scholars. Pop. 900. Salem, t.. Champaign co., O. It has 1 tannery, 2 flouring m., 1 sch. 47 scholars. Pop. 1,402. Salem, t.. Highland co., O. It has 6 sch. 233 scholars. Pop. 2,004. Salem, t., Jefferson co., O. It contains several villages. It has 9 stores, cap. $10,4U0; 2 Um SAL 593 SAL neries, 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $4,200. 6 8ch. 375 scholars. Pop. 2,044. Salem, t., Meigs co., O. It has 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $550. 6 schools 277 scholars. Pop. 940. Salem, t, Muskingum co., O. Pop. 1,002. Salem, t, Ottawa co., O. Pop. 104. Salem, t, Shelby co., O^ It has 3 stores, cap. $5,350 ; 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,575. 2 schools 51 scholars. Pop. 1,153. Salem, t., Tuscarawas co., O. It has 3 stores, cap. $2,700; 2 com. houses, cap. $1,500; 2 grist m., 4 saw m., 5 sch. 415 scholars. Pop. 1,121. Salem, t., Washington co., O. It nas 6 sch. 250 scholars. Pop. 881. Salem, t., Washtenaw co., Mich. It has 1 fur- nace, 2 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $1,300. Pop. 1,364. Salem, t., Steuben co., la. It has 2 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 190. Salem, t., Washington co., la. It has 2 acad. 96 students, 2 sch. 76 scholars. Pop. 1,033. Salem, p-v., capital of Washington co., la., 93 s. Indianapolis, 604 W. Situated on the head waters of Blue r., and contains a court house, jail, market house, a county seminary, 2 church- es — 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist — 12 stores, 2 printing offices, 1 grist m., 1 oil m., 1 cotton fac, 1 woollen fac, all moved by steam, and various other mills and manufactories, and about 1,500 inhabitants. There are in the t. 2 academies 96 students. Pop. 1,083. Salem, p-v., capital of 3Iarion co., 111., 108 s. S. E. Springfield, 760 W. Situated on the border of the Grand prairie, and contains a court house, jail, and about 40 dwellings. Salem, p-v., Racine co.. Wis,, 90 e. Madison, 775 W. Situated on the w. shore of Lake Mich- igan. Salem, p-v., Henry co., Iowa. Situated on a beautiful prairie, and contains 1 Friends church, several stores, various mechanic shops, and about 1,000 inhabitants. Incorporated in 1839. Settled by a society of Friends, who originated from Salem, N. J., built up Salem, O., then Salem, la., and lastly founded Salem, Iowa, in 1834. Salem, p-v., Benton co., Mo., 104 s. w. Jeffer- son City, 1,040 W. Salem, p-v., Fauquier co., Va., 115 n. by w. Richmond, 59 W. It contains 1 church, common to several denominations, an academy, 3 stores, and about 40 dwellings. Salem Centre, p-v., North Salem t., West- chester CO., N. Y., 115 s. Albany, 279 W. Salem Church, p-v., Randolph co., N. C, 121 w. Raleigh, 389 W. Salem Cross Roads, p-o., Portland t., Chau- tauque co., N. Y., 330 w. by s. Albany, 352 W. Salem Cross Roads, p-v., Westmoreland co., Pa., 180 w. Harrisburg, 205 W. Situated on w. side of Beaver Dam cr., Salem t. Salfordville, p-o., Montgomery co., Pa., 85 E. Harrisburg, 170 W. Salina, p-t., Onondaga CO., N. Y., 133 w, by N. Albany, 350 W. The surface is rolling ; soil, clay and gravelly loam. Drained by Onondaga cr., and other streams, flowing into Onondaga lake. It contains the most celebrated salt springs m the state. The v. is situated on the e. end of Onondaga lake, and contains 3 churches — 1 Pres- byterian, 1 Methodist, and 1 Roman Catholic — 1 banking house, 20 stores and groceries, 1 flouring m., 2 saw m., 1 machine shop, 1 furnace, and large salt manufactories, in which 1,107,825 bush- els were manufactured in 1840, being nearly one half of what was manufactured in the t. The 75 salt springs are owned by the state, which re- ceives a duty of 6 cents a bushel from the manu- facturers. There were manufactured 2,622,305 bushels of salt in 1340 in the t. It has 3 acad. 150 students, 21 sch. 1,848 scholars. Pop. 11,013, Salina, p-v., Jefferson co., Ky., 65 w. Frank- fort, 605 W. Saline, r.. La., rises in Claiborne parish, and flowing s. w. 50 ms., falls into Black Lake r., 8 ms. N. E. Natchitoches. Saline, r.. Ark., rises 20 s. w. Little Rock, and, after a southerly course of 50 ms., falls into Wachitta r. Saline, t., Hot Springs co., Ark. Pop, 361. Saline, r., 111., is formed by the junction of N., s., and middle forks, near Equality, and enters the Ohio 12 ms. below Shawneetown. It is a navigable stream, and contains several extensive salt works on its borders. Saline, cr.. Mo., a small stream which enters the Mississippi r., near the s. e. corner of St. Genevieve co. Salt spring are numerous on ita banks, and salt has been manufactured here. Saline, county. Mo. Situated a little n. w, of the centre of the state, and contains 820 square miles. The surface is undulating, containing timber and prairie ; soil, very fertile. The JMis- souri flows on its n, and e. boundary. Watered by La Mine r. Capital, Jonesboro'. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,176, sheep 5,798, swine 2,475 ; wheat 24,677 bushels produced, Indian corn 304,095, oats 36,763, potatoes 11,853, to- bacco 17,250 pounds ; 2 commission houses, cap, .$3,000; 10 stores, cap. $50,500; 6 distilleries, 2 flouring ra., 12 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $19,668. 14 sch. 303 scholars. Pop. whites 3,635, slaves 1,615, free col'd 8 ; total, 5,258. Saline, county. Ark. Situated near the cen- tre of the state, and contains 720 sq. ms. Saline r. runs on its s. w. border. Drained by Hurri- cane r. Capital, Benton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,530, sheep 273, swine 3,850 ; wheat 598 bushels produced, Indian corn 9,500, oats 1,690, potatoes 4,200, tobacco 940 pounds, cotton 64,500 ; 3 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 dis- tillery, 5 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,900. 1 sch. 36 scholars. Pop. whites 1,662, slaves 399; total, 2,061. Saline, t., Jefferson co., O. Pop. 963. Saline, p-t., Washtenaw co., Mich., 40 w. Detroit, 517 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Pop. 1,390. Saline, p-o., Ralls co., Mo., 98 n. e. Jefferson City, 929 W. Saline, t., Sevier co,. Ark. It has 2 sch. 51 scholars. Pop. 354. Saline, f., Hempstead co.. Ark. It has 1 acad, 40 students, 1 sch. 36 scholars. Pop. 1,192. Saline Rock, p-o.. Wood co., Va., 327 w. N, w. Richmond, 296 W. ■ Salineville, p-o., Columbiana co., O., 141 N, E. Columbus, 283 W. Salisbury, p-t,, Merrimac co., N. H., 16 N. n, w. Concord, 491 W. The surface is various. Kearsarge mountain lies in its w. part. The soil is fertile, especially on the streams. On tlie hills it is adapted to grazing. Merrimac r. bounds it on the e. Drained by Blackwater r., which passes through a pond in its n. part., and flows s. into Contoocook r. Chartered in 1768. In the s, part of the t. is a pleasant v., containing a Con- gregational church and an academy ; and about li m. N. w. is another small v., which contains a Baptist church. This t. was the birthplace of the Hon. Daniel Webster. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $21,500 : 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,900 1 SAL 594 SAL Pop. acnd. 65 students, 10 sch. 312 scholars. 1,329. Salisbbury, p-t., Addison co., Vt., 69 s. w. Montpelier, 481 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, generally fertile, especially on the streams. Otter cr. bounds it on the w. Watered by 3Iid- dlebury r., and Lake Dunmore, which is 4 miles long, and from one half to three fourths of a mile wide, the outlet of which, called Leicester river, affords good water power. It has a Congrega- tional and a 3Iethodist church. Chartered in 1761. First settled by an heroic woman, 3Irs. Story, with a family of 8 or 10 children, in 1775, for which she received 100 acres of land. There is a small manufacturing v. at the outlet of the lake. There are in the t. 2 stores, cap. $13,000; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 forge, 1 glass fac, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $34,000. 10 sch. 440 scholars.^ Pop. 942. Salisbury, p-t., Esse.\ county, Mass., 42 n. n. E. Boston, 477 W. The Atlantic bounds it on the E., Merrimac r. on the s., and Powow r. on the w. Tlie surface is uneven, excepting, in the E., where there is an extensive beach, and some salt marsh. The soil is generally fertile. It contains 6 churches — 2 Congregational, 1 Bap- tist, 1 Methodist, 1 Christian, and 1 Universalist. There are 3 villages — one opposite to Newhury- port, one at the junction of Powow and Merri- mac rivers, where siiip building has been carried on, and one on Powow r., called Mills v., where are considerable manufactures. The railroad from Boston to Portsmouth passes through this t. There are in the t. 23 stores, cap. $13,650 ; 16 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 1 print- ing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $561,450. 11 sch. 658 scholars. Pop. 2,739. Salisbury, p-t., Litchfiela co., Ct., 53 w. Hart- ford, 337 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, gene- rally fertile, parts of it well adapted to grain, and others to grazing. The Housatonic river runs on its E. border, and between this t. and Canaan has a perpendicular fall of 60 feet, affording great water power. Watered by Salmon r. There are several ponds in the t., 2 connected together toward the n. e., 1 toward the n. w., and Fur- nace pond toward the ,s., the outlets of which afford water power. The v. at the centre con- tains 1 Congregational and 1 Episcopal church, and a number of dwellings. Furnace v., at the outlet of Furnace pond, contains a Methodist church and a number of neat dwellings, and is a place of considerable business. In the w. part of the t., on the New York line, is a valuable bed of iron ore of an excellent quality. First settled in 1720. Incorporated in 1741. It has 7 stores, cap. $29,500 ; 3 furnaces, 10 forges, 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3S,950. 1 acad. 15 students, 13 sch. 695 scholars. Pop. 2,561. Salisbury, p-t., Herkimer co., N. Y., 73 w. n. w. Albany, 413 W. The surface is hilly and mountainous, with some broad valleys ; soil, sandy and clay loam. Drained by East Canada creek, and tributaries of West Canada creek. The village at the centre is on Spruce cr., and contains 1 grist m., 1 =aw m., 1 tannery, and 30 or 40 dwellings. Salisbury village lies 7 miles N. by E. Little falls, and contains 2 churches, 3 stores, 40 dwellings, and about 250 inhabit- ants. An extensive bed of magnetic iron ore has been found 3 miles n. of this place. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. $31,650 ; 4 lumber yards, cap. $2,500 ; 2 fulling m., 1 forge, 3 tanneries, 1 paper fac, 1 printing office, 4 grist m., 11 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $56,130. 14 sch. 507 schol- ars. Fop. 1,859. Salisbury, p-t., Lancaster co., Pa., 16 e. Lan- caster, 51 Harrisburg, 121 W. The surface is rolling ; soil, calcareous loam. Drained by Pic- quea cr., which affords water power. The p-v. contains 8 or 10 dwellings. There are in the t. 9 stores, cap. $35,000; 1 forge, 1 distillery, 1 brewery, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,000. 10 sch. 390 scholars. Pop. 3,959. Salisbury, t., Lehigh co.. Pa. It has 3 stores, cap. $10,000; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 3 flouring m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $70,050. 1 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 1,433. Salisbury, p-v., Somerset co., Md., 95 s. s. e. Annapolis, 135 W. Situated on the E. side of Wicomico r., and contains 2 stores and about 250 inhabitants. Salisbury, p-v., capita! of Row-an co., N. C, 118 w. Raleigh, 355 W. Situated on a branch of Yadkin r. It contains a court house, jail, a church and an academy, and about 700 inhabit- ants. Here is an ancient stone wall, laid in ce- ment, and plastered on both sides, from 12 to 14 feet high, 22 inches thick, which reaches to with- in a foot of the surface, and the length of what has been discovered is about 300 feet. A simi- lar wall has been discovered 6 miles from the first, 4 or 5 feet high, and 7 inches thick. Their origin can only be a matter of conjecture. Salisbury, p-t., Meigs co., O., 98 s. w. Co- lumbus, 346 W. Ohio r. bounds it on the s. It contains a church and salt works, which produce about 500 barrels per week. It has extensive beds of bituminous coal. The surface has a southern declivity ; soil, very fertile. It has 8 stores, cap. $10,500 ; 2 flouring m., 4 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $67,320. 9 sch. 286 scholars. Pop. 1,509. Salisbury, p-v., Sangamon co., EL, 10 n. w. Springfield, 790 W. Situated on a small branch of Sangamon r. Salisbury Centre, p-v., Salisbury t., Herki- mer CO., N. Y., 75 w. N. w. Albany, 405 W. (See Salisbury. ) Salisbury Mills, p-v.. Blooming Grove t., Orange co., N. Y., 93 s. by w. Albany, 237 W. It contains 3 stores, 1 paper m., 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 plaster m., 1 tannery, and about 25 dwell- ings. Salmon Creek, p-o., Sodus t., Wayne co., N. Y., 196 w. by n. Albany, 367 W. Salmon, r., Ct., rises in the s. part of Tolland CO., and flows into Connectioit r., in e. Haddam. It has falls which aflitrd good water power, and is navigable a short distance from its mouth. Salmo.n r., IN. v., rises in Lewis co., and flows through 0^wego county into Mexico bay, which sets up from Lake Ontario. It has a pretty good harbor at its mouth, and is boatable, in high water, 14 miles, to the falls in Orwell. At these falls the r. has a perpendicular descent of 107 feet, being 250 feet wide at high water, and half that at low water. The rocky strata consist of slate and granite, or gneiss, and the height of banks above is from 80 to 90 feet, and below the falls 200 feet of perpendicular rock. The water is very deep at the foot ot the fall, and salmon trout and other fish are here taken. Salmon River, p-o., Albion t., Oswego co., N. Y. Salmon Falls, r., N. IL, the name of the Piscataqua r. above the great falls in Berwick. Salona, p o., Clinton co.. Pa. Salona, p-o., Racine co., Wis., 117 E. s. e. Madison, 762 W. Salonia, p-v., Greene co., Ky. Salt Crekk, p-t., Aluskingum co., O., 65 e SAL 595 SAN Columbus, 350 W. It has 2 churches, and sev- eral salt fac. Pop. 1,252. Salt Creek, t.. Holmes co., O. It has cap. in manufac. $1,700. 1 sch. 37 scholars. Pop. 1,739. Salt Creek, t., Hocking co., O. A branch of Scioto Salt cr. runs through it. It has 2 sch. 48 scholars. Pop. 821. Salt Creek, t., Marion co., O. It has 1 tan- nery, I pottery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly and 1 semi-weekly newspaper, 2 grist m , 1 saw m., 1 oil ra. Cap. in manufac. $1,200. 4 sch. 170 scholars. Pop. 607. Salt Creek, t., Pickaway co., O. It has 6 stores, cap. $10,600; 4 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 fullinar m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,100. 5 schri53 scholars. Pop. 1,814. Salt Creek, t., Wayne co., O. It has 3 stores, cap. $4,800 ; 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $7,455. 1 sch. 82 scholars. Pop. 1,461. Salt Creek, p-o., Porter co., la. Salt Fork, po., Vermilion co., la. Saltlick, t.. Fayette co.. Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $1,500; 1 furnace, 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 4 grist m., 15 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $250. 5 sch. 143 scholars. Pop. 1,911. Salt Lick, t.. Perry co., O. It has 1 store, cap. $4,000 ; 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $1,400. 6 sch. 200 scholars. Pop. 1,243. Salt Lick Creek, p-o., Smith co., Tenn., 71 E. Nashville, 657 W. Salt Poi.vt, p-o., Pleasant Valley t., Dutchess CO., N. Y., 74 s. Albany, 311 W. Salt, r., Ky., rises in Mercer co., and flowing N. into Anderson co., it turns w. and enters the Ohio at West Point, between Jefferson and Har- din counties, 20 ras. below Louisville. It is 200 yards wide at its mouth, and boatable 150 ms. Fifteen ms. from its mouth it receives on the s. side a branch nearly as large as itself, called the Rolling Fork, which last, receives in Nelson co. a large branch called Beechy Fork. All these branches of Salt r., thougli diverging widely, rise near each other. These streams water some of the most fertile portions of the state. Salt, r.. Mo., rises in Iowa ter. and flows s., inclining e., to the border of Ralls co., when it pursues a very winding course n. e., and then turns s. e. until it joins the Mississippi, 85 ms. above the Missouri. It is navigable to some extent. Salt River, p-o., Audrain co., Mo., 58 n. by E. Jefferson City, 930 W. Saltsburg, p-v., Conemaugh t., Indiana co., Pa., 179 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 205 W. Situated on the e. bank of Conemaugh r., and contains 1 church, 4 stores, cap. .$16,000 ; 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,080. Pop. 339. There are many salt works in the vicinity. Salt Springville, p-o., Canajoharie t., Mont- gomery CO., N. Y., 63 w. Albany, 381 W. Salt Sulphur Springs, p-o., Monroe co., Va., 232 w. Richmond, 269 W. The estate on which these springs are located contains 1 church free to all denominations, and 90 inhabitants, 52 whites and 3i blacks. Here are ample accom- modations for 3l)0 visiters. The springs possess valuable properties. Saltville, p-v., Smyth co., Va., 283 w. by s. Richmond, 356 W. Situated near the n. fork of Holston r. There are valuable salt springs in the vicinity, and gypsum is found. It contains 2 grist m., 1 saw m., and about 150 inhabitants. Salubria, p-o., Dix t., Chemung co., N. Y., 191 w. s. w. Albany, 302 W. Salubrity, p-o., Pickens dist., S. C. Salubrity, p-o., Gadsden co., Flor. Saluda, p-t., Jefferson co., la., 100 s. s. k. In- dianapolis, 572 W. Pop. 1,285. Salvisa, p-v., Mercer co., Ky., 21 s. Frank- fort, 563 W. Sammonsville, p-o., Fulton co., N. Y. Sampson, county, N. C. Situated a little s. ol the centre of the state, and contains 800 sq. ms. South r. runs on its w. border. Drained by Black r. and its branches, all tributarie.s of Cape Fear r. Capilal, Clinton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,735, sheep 4,432, swine 20,562 i wheat 3,872 bush, produced, rye 1,061, Ind. corn 130,951, oats 2,126, potatoes 96,127, rice 29,974 pounds, cotton 342,300; 8 stores, cap. $10,500; 16 grist m., 10 saw m., 1 acad. 35 students, 13 sch. 272 scholars. Pop. whites 7,475, slaves 4,425, free col'd 257; total, 12,137. SaiMpsondale, v., Haverstraw t., Rockland CO., N. Y. It contains 1 Presbyterian church, an academy, 3 stores, 1 iron wire fac, 1 rolling and slitting m., 1 chemical works, and about 30 dwellings. Samptown, v., Piscataway t., Middlesex co., N. J., 8 N. New Brunswick. Situated on Cedar cr., a branch of Raritan r. It contains 1 Baptist church, 1 store, and about 12 dwellings. Sa.m's Creek, p-o., Carroll co., Md., 62 n. w Annapolis, 63 W. Sam's Creek, p-o., Davidson co., Tenn., 21 w. Nashville, 705 W. Samuelsburg, p-v., Putnam co., la., 42 w. In- dianapolis, 614 W. Sancon Valley, p-o., Lehigh co.. Pa. Sand Bank, p-o., Albion t., Oswego co., N. Y., 147 w. N. w. Albany, 393 W. Sanbornton, p-t., Belknap co., N. H., 21 n. Concord, 502 W. Great bay of Winnipiseogee lake bounds it on the E., Pemigewasset r., for a short distance, on the w. The surface is un- even ; soil, fertile. Incorporated in 1770. It contains 3 churches — 2 Baptist and one Congre- gational — and an academy. It has 5 stores, cap. $12,500; 3 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 700 sp., 4 tanneries, 2 printing offices, 7 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $52,6S0. 1 acad. 14S students, 23 sch. 1,037 scholars. Pop. 2,745. Sanbornton Bridge, p-v., Sanbornton t., Belknap co., N. H., 17 n. Concord, 498 W. Sancoty Head, Mass., is the e. point of Nan- tucket Island, 41° 16' n. lat. 126° 52' w. Ion. Sandburg, p-o., Fallsbiirv t., Sullivan cc, N. Y., 98 s. w. Albany, 303 VV. Sandersville, p-v., Chester dist., S. C, 66 N. Columbia, 461 W. Sandersville, p-v., capital of Washington CO., Ga., 28 s. e. Milledgevilie, 638 W. It con- tains a court house, jail, an academy, 7 stores, and about 23 dwellings. Sandford, t., York co.. Me. It has 5 stores, cap. $7,900; 1 fulling m., 2 woollen fac. Cap. in manufac. $3,200. 20 sch. 1,052 scholars. Pop. 2,233. Sandford, p-t., Broome co., N. Y., 120 s. e. Albany, 304 W. The surface is hilly and moun- tainous ; soil, adapted to grazing. Drained by Ocquaga cr., which flows into Delaware r. It has 1 store, cap. $4,000; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,600. 9 sch. 369 scholars. Pop. 1,173. Sand Fort, p-o., Russell co., Ala., 188 e. s. e. Tuscaloosa, 775 W. Sandgate, p-t., Bennington co., Vt., Ill s. Montpelier, 421 W. The surface is mountain- ous and broken ; soil, fertile in the valleys, and adapted to grazing, in its elevated parts. Chat- SAN 596 SAN tered in 1761. Drained by branches of Batten- kill r., and of White cr. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 1 fulling ra., 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,035. 9 sch. 206 scholars. Pop. 776. Sand Hill, p-o., Scotland cc, Mo., 171 n. Jef- ferson City, 935 W. Sandridges, p-o., Amherst cc, Va., 128 w. Richmond, 180 W. Sandisfield, p-t., Berksliire co., Mass., 126 w. by 8. Boston, 361 W. The .surface is elevated and uneven; soil, fertile, adapted to grazing. Drained by a branch of Farmington r., which runs on its boundary in the s. e. part. It con- tains 1 Congregational and 1 Bapti.^t church. Incorporated in 1736. First settled in 1750. It has 8 stores, cap. $18,800 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 6 saw ra. Cap. in man- ufiic. ,$24,275. 14 sch. 382 scltolars. Pop. 1,464. Sand Lake, p-t., Rensselaer co., N. Y., 17 e. Albany, 384 W. The surface is hilly and rough, with much waste land, and some fertile valleys. It contains several ponds. Drained by Poesten- kill and WynanlsluU creeks. The v. contains 2 stores, 2 cotton fac, 2 sattinet fac, 1 blast fur- nace, 1 saw m., 1 tannery, and about 25 dwell- ings. There are in the t. 11 stores, cap. $14,900; 1 cotton fac. 1,000 sp., 2 tanneries, 1 glass fac, 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 27 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $91,825. 21 sch. 1,258 scholars. Pop. 4,303. Sandover, p-v., Abbeville dist., S. C, 81 w. Columbia, 534 W. Sandown, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H., 26 s. e. Concord, 467 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, fertile. Watered by Exeter r. Cub pond, a small body of water, lies on its e. border. Incor- porated in 1756. It has 3 stores, cap. $1,000; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $3,950. 4 sch. 170 scholars. Pop. 525. Sands Point, Hempstead t.. Queens co., N. Y., projects into Long Island sound, and contains a lighthouse. Sand Ridge, p-o., Menard co.. 111., 27 n. Springfield, 807 W. Sandsville, p-v., Clinton co.. Mo. Sandton, p-v., Kershaw dist., S. C, 55 n. e. Columbia, 451 W. Sand Town, p-v., Kent co., Del., 19 s. w. Do- ver, 105 W. Sand Town, p-v., Campbell co., Ga., 100 w. N. w. Milledgeville, 695 W. Sandusky, r., O., rises in Richland and Craw- ford counties, and flows n. into Sandusky bay. It is 90 ms. long, and though a rapid stream, af- fords good navigation at high water. A portage of 4 ms. connects it with the Scioto r. It has good land on its borders. Sandusky, county, O. Situated toward the N. w. part of the state, and contains 3iO sq. ms. Drained by Sandusky r. and its branches. Port- age r. crosses its n. w. corner. The surface is low and level ; soil, fertile. Capital, Lower San- dusky. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,613, sheep 8,452, swine 33,914; wheat 119,122 bush, produced, rye 8,89t), Ind. corn 142,628, buck- wheat 7,732, barley 1,962, oats 77,072, potatoes 78,403 ; sugar 83,722 pounds ; 2 commission houses, cap. $11,000; 14 stores, cap. $68,600; 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 3 flouring m., 8 grist m., 26 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 printing ofTices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $120,109. 56 sch. 5, 15J scholars. Pop. 10,182. Sandusky, p-o., Freedom t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 272 w. by s. Albany, 313 W. Sandusky, p-v., port of entry and capital, Erie CO., O., 110 N.Columbus, 414 W. Situated on the 8. shore of Sandusky bay, fronting the opening into Lake Erie, of which it has a beautiful view. The entire town is based upon an inexhaustible cjuarry of the finest building stone, which has been extensively used in the erection of its edi- fices. At all times of the year, excepting 3 win- ter months, the wharves are thnmged witli steam- boats and other vessels, and the view is enliven- ed by their arrival and departure. It contains 4 splendid churches ; an academy of stone, 3 sUiries high ; 26 stores, besides groceries and provision houses ; a ship-yard, where steamboats and other vessels are built ; 300 dwellings, and about 1,200 inhabitants. Sandusky, t., Crawford co., O. It has 7 sch. 325 scholars. Pop. 679. Sandusky, t., Richland co., O. It has 8 sch. 571 scholars. Pop. 1,465. Sandusky, t., Sandusky co., O. It has 3 sch. 67 scholars. Pop. 579. Sandwich, p-t., Carroll co., N. H., 49 n. Con- cord, 530 W. The surface is uneven and moun- tainous, with some fertile land. Squain lake lies partly in its s. E. corner. Watered by Bearcamp r., the s. branch of which pa.sses through Bear- camp pond. Another pond in its s. part dis- charges its waters s. into Winnipiseocee lake. A small stream flows w. into Pemigcwasset r. ( 'bartered in 1763. It has 7 stores, cap. $9,700 ; 2 fulling m., 4 tanneries, 5 grist ra., 8 saw ra., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac $7,000. 1 acad. 34 stu- dents, 20 sch. 7.S5 scholars. Pop. 2,625. Sandwich, p-t., Barnstable co., Mass., 53 s. s. E. Boston, 459 W. Situated on the isthmus of Cape Cod, between Buzzard's and Cape Cod bays. It is the most agricultural t. in the co., with some light and unproductive land. It has a number of ponds, which afford fine fishing and fowling. Deer are still found in this vicinity. The principal v. is situated on Cape Cod bay, and contains 4 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Unitarian, 1 Methodist, and 1 Roman Catholic; and an academy, a large glass fac, and about 100 dwellings. There are, in other parts of the t., 6 other churches — 4 Methodist, 1 Congregational, and 1 Friends. A ship canal, 5 ms. long, through level ground, would connect Buzzard's and Cape Cod bays, and save the tedious navigation around the cape. A considerable quantity of salt is manufactured in this t. There are in the t. 17 stores, cap. $28,750 ; 1 tannery, 1 glasshouse, 7 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac $2S3,350. 3 acad. 180 students, 21 sch. 1,130 scholars. Pop. 3,719. Sandy, r.. Me., rises in Franklin co., and after a course of 45 ms., first s. e. and then N. E., it enters Kennebec r. in Starks t., Somerset co. It flows through a fertile country. Sandy, r., Va. and Ky., rises in Logan co., Va., and flowing N. w., divides Logan and Tazewell counties, Va., and thence, inclining N., it separ- ates the states of Va. and Ky. for nearly 200 ms until it enters the Ohio r. at Catletsburg, Ky. It is 200 yards wide at its mouth. It receives sev- eral tributaries, the largest of which is the west fork, at Louisa, Ky. The Sandy is navigable for batteaux 50 ms. from its mouth. Sandy, t., Tuscarawas co., O. It has 3 stores, cap. $4,000; 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap, in manufac. $20,000. 16 sch. 554 scholars. Pop. 1,444. Sandy, t., Starke cc, O. It has 1 sch. 34 scholars. Pop. 1,265. Sandy, p-o.. Jackson co., Va., 355 w. N. w Richmond, 324 W. Sandy, p-o., Columbiana co., O., 141 e. n. e Columbus, 298 W. Sandy Bay, v., Gloucester t., Essex co., Mass SAN 597 SAN Situated on the e. side of Cape Ann, 5 ms. from Gloucester liarbor. A pier and breakwater have been constructed for the security of shipping. Sandy Bottom, p-o., 3Iiddlesex co., Va., 103 E. Richmond, 165 W. Sandy Bridge, p-o., Carroll co., Tenn., 87 w Nashville, 771 W. Sandy Creek, N. Y., rises in Orleans co., and flows into Lake Ontario in Clarkson t., Monroe co. Sandy Creek, p-l., Oswego co., N. Y., 161 w N. w. Albany, 3J1 W. The surface is undulating; eoil, sandy loam. Drained by Little Sandy cr and other streams flowing into Lake Ontario which bounds it on the w. It has 4 stores, cap $4,000; 1 fulling m., 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap in manufac. $8,600. 1 acad. 45 students, 22 sell. 483 scholars. Pop. 2,420. Sandy Creek, p-t., Mercer co., I'a., 228 w. n. w. Harrisburg, 302 W. It has three stores, cap. $6,540 ; 2 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 6 grist m., 16 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,670. 17 sch. 474 scholars. Pop. 1,965. Sandy Creek, t., Venango co.. Pa. It has 2 furnaces, 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,400. Pop. 929. Sandy Creek, p-o., Randolph co., N. C, 71 w. Raleigh, 322 W. Sandy Creek, p-o., Oglethorpe co., Ga., 69 w. Miliedgeville, 602 VV. Sandy Grove, p-o., Chatham co., N. C, 58 w. Raleigh, 309 W. Sandy Grove, p-o., Warren co., Ga., 53 e. n. E. Miliedgeville, 654 W. Sandy Hill, p-v., and semi-capital of Wash- ington CO., N. Y., 53 N. Albany, 423 W. Situated on the E. side of Hudson r. Incorporated in 1810, and contains a courthouse, 3 churches — 1 Pres- byterian, 1 3Iethodist, and 1 Roman Catholic — 8 stores and groceries, 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 2 furnaces, 1 machine shop, 1 tannery, 150 dwellings, and about 1,000 inhabitants. There is a fall of about 12 feet in the r., in the upper part of the v. ; and 100 rods below, with a continuous descent, are Baker's Falls, wilh 50 feet perpendicular descent — the latter creating a great water power, as yet unimproved. The navigable feeder of the Champlain canal, 1 m. E., passes through the place. Sandy Hill, p-v., Worcester co., Md., 124 s. E. Annapolis, 164 W. Sandy Hill, p-o., Henry co., Tenn., 86 w. Nashville, 772 W. Sandy Hook, Middletown t., Monmouth co., N. J., is a sandy beach extending n. from Old Shrewsbury inlet and the s. point of the high- lands of Neversink, 6 ms., and is from half a m. to a m. wide. It encloses Sandy Hook bay, 7 ms. long and 6 wide. There is a lighthouse on its N. part. As the sand is accumulating and ex- tending the point n., a new lighthouse has been erected on Flinn's Noll, half a m. n. of the for- mer. Sandy Lake, p-t., Mercer co.. Pa., 228 n. n. w. Harrisburg, 283 W. The surface is level ; soil, clay and loam. Drained by Sandy cr., which flows into Sandy lake in the n. w. angle of the t. It has 3 stores, cap. $6,900 ; 1 furnace, 3 ful- ling m., 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 9 saw m., 1 oil m. 8 sch. 184 scholars. Pop. 1,566. Sandy Plains, p-o., Patrick co., Va., 235 w. s. w. Richmond, 310 W. Sandy Plains, p-o., Rutherford co., N. C, 230 w. by s. Raleigh, 467 W. Sandy Point, Mass. The n. extremity of Nantucket island. Sandy Ridge, p-o., Henry co., Ga., 59 w. n. w. Miliedgeville 667 W. Sandy Ridge, p-o., Lowndes co., Ala., 136 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 867 W. Sandy River, p-o., Pittsylvania co., Va., 184 s. w. Richmond, 267 W. Sandy River Church, p o., Prince Edward CO., Va., 80 w. s. w. Richmond, 170 W. It con- tains a church, founded in 1768 by Episcopalians, now free to all denominations, 1 store, and seve- ral dwellings. Sandy Run, p-o., Cleveland co., N. C. Sandy Run, p-o., Lexington dist., S. C, 16 w Columbia, 522 W. Sandy Spring, p-o., Montgomery co., Md., 60 w. s. w. Annapolis, 20 W. Sandy Spring, p-o., Fayette co., Tenn., 201 w. s. w. Nashville, 896 W. Sandyston, p-t., Sussex co., N. J., 87 N. Tren- ton, 256 W. IBounded w. by Delaware r. The surface on the e. is mountainous, on the w. a rich alluvion. Watered by Big and Little Flat Kill creeks. It has 1 store, cap. $6,500 ; 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $70,000. 9 sch. 279 scholars. Pop. 1,209. Sandyville, p-v., Sandy t., Tuscarawas co., O., 123 N. E. Columbus, 318" W. Sanford, p-t., York co.. Me., 83 s. w. Augusta, 512 W. Watered by Mousum r., which affords water power. Incorporated in 1768. It has 5 stores, cap. $7,900 ; 1 fulling m., 2 woollen fac. Cap. in manufac. $3,200. 20 sch. 1,052 scholars. Pop. 2,233. Sanford, p-o., Ingham co., Mich., 100 w. by n Detroit, 586 W. Sanford's Corners, p-o., Le Ray t, Jefferson CO., N. Y., 169 N. w. Albany. Sangamon, r.. 111., rises in a small lake in Ver- milion CO., and flows s. w., and then turns n. w., and finally w., until it unites w^ith Illinois river, between Cass and Mason counties. It receives numerous tributaries. It flows through one of the richest and most pleasant portions of the state. It is navigable for small steamboats to the junc- tion of the N. and s. forks ; and in high water one has proceeded to within 5 ms. of Springfield. Sangamon, county. 111. Situated near the cenr tre of the state, and contains 900 sq. ms. Drains ed by Sangamon r. and its numerous branches, which afford abundant water power. The sur^ face is gently undulating ; soil, calcareous loam, from 1 to 3 feet deep, mixed with fine sand, and very fertile. Organized in 1821. It is one of the richest and most flourishing counties in the state. Capital, Springfield. There were in 1840, neat cattle 20,878, sheep 18,233, swine 69,016; wheat 74,.522 bush, prod., rye 8,53.3, Ind. corn 1,390,160, barley 2,359, oats 193,875, potatoes 44,852, tobac- co 2,000 pounds ; 50 stores, cap. $325,000 ; 9 tan- neries, 4 distilleries, 4 potteries, 5 flouring ra., 23 grist m., 40 saw m., 21 oil m., 3 printing offices, 4 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $195,625. 3 acad. 192 students, 20 sch. 844 scholars. Pop. 14,716. Sangerfield, p-t., Oneida co., N. Y., 15 s. Utica, 88 w. n. w. Albany, 372 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, a fertile loam. Drained by Che- nango r. and Oriskany cr. The v. contains 1 Presbyterian church, 1 store, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. $37,000; 2 fulling m., 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 1 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $126,150. a acad. 150 students, 12 sch. 662 scholars. Pop. 2,251. Sangerville, p-t., Piscataquis co.. Me., 77 n. w. Augusta, 672 W. Situated on the height of land between Penobscot and Kennebec rs. In- corporated in 1814. The surface is uneven ; soil, fertile. It has a pond, the outlet of wliich forms SAR 598 SAR a head stream of Sebasticook r. It has 4 tanner- ies, 11 sell. 510 scholars. Pop. 1,197. Sangrun, p-o., Alleghany co., Md. Sanilac, county, Mich. Situated in the n. e. part of the settled portion of the peninsula, and contains 730 sq. ms. Lake Huron bounds it on the E. Drained by Cass and Delude rivers. Un- organized. Santa, p-o., Jackson co., Ala., 154 n. e. Tus- caloosa, 679 W. Santa Anna, p-o., De Witt co., 111., 84 n. e. Springfield, 719 W. Santa Fk, p-o., Alexander co., 111., 228 s. Springfield, 862 W. Sapling Grove, p-o., Washington co., Va., 317 w. by s. Richmond, 385 W. Sappington, p-v., St. Louis co., Mo., 140 e. Jefferson City, 820 W. Saracta, p-o., Duplin co., N. C, 94 s. E. Ra- leigh, 320 W. Sarah, p-o., Bedford co., Pa., 122 w. Harris- burg, 148 W. Sarahsville, p-v., Noble t, Morgan co., O., 99 E. s. E. Columbus, 325 W. It is near BufTulo Fork of Wills or., and contains 1 store, and about 40 inhabitants. Sarahsville, p-v., Franklin co.. 111., 181 s. Springfield, 830 W. Saranac, r., N. Y., rises in Saranac lake, in Franklin co., near the source of Racket r., which flows to the St. Lawrence, and flows n. e. until, in Plattsburgh, it turns w., and enters Cumber- land bay of Lake Charaplain at the v. It affords extensive water power, and has a fine fall imme- diately above its mouth in Plattsburgh v., where are mills. Saranac Lake, Hamilton co., N. Y., is 10 ms. long and 2 or 3 wide, and is connected with Lower Saranac lake through Round lake. Saranac, p-t., Clinton co., N. Y., 15 w. Platts- burgh, 181 N. Albany, 830 W. The surface is hilly and mountainous, and heavily timbered ; soil, in the valley of the Saranac, which waters it, a fertile loam. Iron ore abounds. It has 5 stores, cap. $6,560; 1 forge, 1 tannery, 1 glass fac, 1 grist m., 9 saw m. Capital in manufac. $165,250. 5 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. 1,462. Saratoga, county, N. Y. Situated toward the E. part of the state, and contains 800 sq. miles. The surface is various, mountainous in the n. w., the central and s. e. parts hilly, with some sandy plains ; soil, sandy or gravelly loam, with some clay, and moderately fertile. Its mineral wiiters are celebrated everywhere. Marl and bog iron ore are found. Hudson r. bounds it on the e., and partly on the n., and 3Iohawk r. on the .s. Drained by Sacandaga r., and Fish and Kaya- derosseras crs. Railroads from Troy and Sche- nectady form a junction at Ballslon, and proceed to Saratoga. Capital, Ballslon Spa. There were in 1840, neat cattle 40,810, sheep '.'6,656, swine 51,601 ; wheat 72,001 bush, produced, rye 162,'.'50, Indian corn 328,631, buckwheat 85,974, barley 17,005, oats 496,089, potatoes 1,019,632, hops 5,767 pounds, silk cocoons 100, sugar 20,9 10 ; 166 stores, cap. $324,415; 12 lumber yards, cap. $13,475: 2 furnaces, 33 fulling m., 21 woollen fiic, 1 cotton fac. 2,02-i sp , 27 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 pottery, 4 flouring m., 37 grist m., 139 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 paper fac, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manulac. $6^3,676. 10 acad. 527 students. 164 sch. 6,319 scholars. Pop. 40,553. Saratoga Lake, Saratoga co., N. Y., 4 s. e. Saratoga, 5 e. Ballston Spa, is 9 ms. long and 2 wide. It affords fine fi.^h, and is much resorted to in the summer by visiters to Saratoga springs. Saratoga, t., Saratoga co., N. Y., 6 n. Ballston Spa, 36 N. Albany. The surface is level or un- dulating, excepting on the n. w., where it is hilly ; soil, light sand, or sandy loam, productive with good cultivation. Drained by Ellis's cr. flowing into Kayaderosseras cr., which bounds it on the s. It has 8 stores, cap. $17,300; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac $41,900. 1 academy 50 students, 7 sch. 454 scholars. Pop. 2,624. Saratoga Springs, t., Saratoga co., N. Y. The surface is mostly level or undulating, except in the n. w., where it is hilly ; soil, light sand, or sandy loam. Drained by some small streams en- tering Kayaderosseras cr., which bounds it on the s. in part. It has 42 stores, cap. $54,640 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. ('ap. in manufac. $46,589. 4 acad. 175 students, 5 sch. 255 scholars. Pop. 3,334. Saratoga Springs, p v., Saratoga co., N. Y., 36 n. Albany, 406 W. The most celebrated wa- tering place in the United States. The v. is built chiefly on several streets, and contains a number of the largest and most splendid hotels and board- ing houses in the country, which, in the watering season, are abundantly filled. The v. was incor- porated in 1826, and contains 6 churches — 1 I'res- byterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, I Methodist, 1 Universalist, and 1 Roman Catholic — an insu- rance company, an academy, a female seminary, 35 stores, 3 printing offices, 300 dwellings, and about 2,500 inhabitants. The principal springs are Congress, Washington, Putnam's, Pavilion, Iodine, Ilamilton, and Flat Rock springs. 1 mile E. are the Ten springs. The springs difTer some in their properties. The following is an analysis, by Dr. Steel, of the Congress water, which is more used than any other. 1 gallon, or 231 cubic inches, of water contained the following sub- stances : — Chloride of sodium, (sea salt,) 385.0 grains. Hydriodate of soda, .... 3.5 " Bicarbonate of do 8.982 " magnesia, . . 95.788 " Carbonate of lime, .... 98.098 » " " iron, .... 5.075 " Silex 1.5 Hydrobromate of potash — a trace. Total grains, 597.943 311 cubic inches. 7 " Carbonic acid gas. Atmospheric air. Gaseous contents, 318 " " Sarco.xie, p-v., Barry CO., Mo., 200 s w. JeflTer- son City, 1,135 W. Situated on the s. side of Centre cr. Sardinia, p-t., Erie co., N. Y., 28 s. e. Bnflalo, 276 w. Albany, 343 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, moist clay loam, well adapted to grass. Drained by Cattaraugus cr., which boinids it on the s. The v. contains 1 Baptist church, 2 stores, 1 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. There are in the t. 1 store, cap. $1,500; 1 fulling m., 1 fur- nace, 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,500. 13 sch. 446 scholars. Pop. 1,743. Sardinia, pv., Washington t., Brown co., O., 92 s. w. Columbus, 459 W. It cofitains 1 church, 1 store, 1 oil m., 1 carding machine, 15 dwellings, and about 100 inhabitants. Sardis, p-o., Burke co., Ga., 97 E. Milledge- ville, 620 W. Sarepta, p-o., Lafayette co.. Miss., 160 n. n. E. Jackson, 913 W. Sargeantsville, p-v., Amwell t., Hunterdoi» SAU 599 SAV CO., N. J., 23 Trenton, 180 W. It contains 1 store, 8 or 10 dwellings, and the Mantua Manual Labor Institute. Satartia, p-v., Yazoo co., 3Iiss., 52 n. w. Jack- son, 1,041 W. Situated on the e. side of Yazoo r. It contains several stores, and about 150 in- habitants. Saugatuck, r., Ct., rises in Ridgefield, and enters Long Island sound in Westport t., between 2 and 3 ms. below the v. Saugatuck, p-o., Allegan eo., Mich., 183 w. Detroit, 648 W. Saugerties, p-t., Ulster co., N. Y., 10 n. King- ston, 45 s. by w. Albany, 331 W. The surface is level near Hudson r., which bounds it on the E. It is mountainous w., extending on to the Cattskill mountains. The soil is fertile. Drain- ed by Platteldll and Esopus creeks, which flow into Hudson r. The p-o. has the same name as the t., but the v. in which it is located has received the name of Ulster. There are in the t. 23 stores, cap. $95,000; 1 woollen fac, 12 bloomeries, 3 tanneries, 1 paper fac, 4 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $132,700. 17 sch. 1,109 scholars. Pop. 6,216. Saugus, p-t., Essex co., Mass., 11 n. Boston, 451 W. Watered by Saugus r., which enters Lynn bay. The surface is level near the r. and bay, with extensive salt marsh, but the uplands are rocky and rough. Incorporated from Lynn in 1815. It contains 2 churches — 1 Congregation- al and 1 Methodist. It has 3 stores, cap. $2,000 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $5,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 wool- len iac, 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $68,000. 5 sch. 375 scholars. Pop. 1,098. Sauk, county. Wis. Situated toward the n. w. part of the settled portion of the ter. Bound- ed s. and s. e. by Wisconsin r., which flows into Mississippi r. Watered by Baraboa r. and other branches of Wisconsin r. It contains 860 sq. ms. Capital, Prairie du Sac. There were in 1840, neat cattle 148, swine 82; wheat 464 bush, pro- duced, oats 1,795, potatoes 1,235 ; 1 store, cap. $500. Pop. 102. Sault de St. Marie, p-v., capital of Chippe- wa CO., Mich., 400 n. Detroit, 921 W. Situated on the s. side of the rapids of St. Mary's strait, a little below Lake Superior. The v. is on the site of an old French fort, and has an elevated and pleasant situation. It contains a court house, jail, 3 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Roman Catholic — 3 stores, Fort Brady, with a garrison, and a trading house of the American Fur Company, who own one of the stores. Con- nected with the Baptist church is a missionary school for Indian children, for which $1,000 an- nually are appropriated by the general govern- ment. The Methodists have also a missionary school, and there is a school in the fort for the cJiildren of the ofl^icers and citizens. Vessels come to the foot of the rapids, and the cargoes are transported three fourths of a m. by land, to the head of the rapids, and re-shipped. The mail arrives here weekly in summer, and once in 6 weeks in winter. The thermometer often sinks in winter to 25° or 30° below zero. Great quan- tities of whitefish, and other kinds, are caught here, of a superior quality. The population, con- sisting of Americans, French, and Indians, is about 800, though at limes many more. Saunders, p-o., Sumner co., Tenn., 61 n. e. Nashville, 670 W. Saundersville, p-v., Vanderburg co., la., 162 B. s. w. Indianapolis, 732 W. Saquoit, p-v., Paris t., Oneida co., N. Y., 90 w. N. w. Albany, 379 W. Situated on both sides of Sadaquada or Saquoit cr., and contains 2 churches, 4 stores, 2 cotton fac, 1 paper tn., 2 flouring m., 1 clothier's works, 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Here is an inflammable sulphur spring, the gas from which is used in lighting a public house. Savage, p-o., Anne Arundel co., Md., 20 n. w. Annapolis, 20 W. There are extensive iron works in the vicinity. Savan.nah, r., Ga., forms the n. e. boundary of the state, separating it from S. C. It is formed by the union of Tugalo and Kiowee rivers, near the s. E. corner of Franklin co., 100 ms. above Augusta, and flowing s. E., it enters the Atlantic through Tybee sound, in 32° n. lat. The largest vessels come to Five Fathom hole, 3 ms. below Savannah, and 13 ms. from the ocean ; and large brigs come to the wharves in Savannah. Steam- boats come to Augusta, 127 ms. by land, and 340 by water, from its mouth, and pole boats go 150 ms. above Augusta. The tide flows up the r. but 25 ms. Savannah, p-t., Wayne co., N. Y., He. Ly- ons, 168 w. Albany, 348 W. The surface is level and swampy on the s. E., covered by the Monte- zuma marshes. The soil on the n. w. is fertile. Near the centre is Crusoe lake, the outlet of which flows into Seneca r. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 saw m., 8 sch. 511 scholars. Pop. 1,718. Savannah, p-o., Richland co., O., 86 n. by e. Columbus, 375 W. Savannah, city, port of entry, and capital of Chatham county, Georgia, is situated on the s. w. bank of the Savannah river, 17 miles from its mouth. It is in 32° 8' n. lat. and 81° 10' w. Ion. from Greenwich, and 4° 10' w. from Washington. It is 118 s. w. from Charleston ; 123 s. e. Augus- ta ; 159 E. s. E. Milledgeville ; 662 s. by w. from W. The population in 1810, was 5,195 ; in 1820, 7,523; in 1830, 7,776; in 1840, 11,214— of which 4,694 were slaves. Employed in commerce, 604 ; in manufactures and trades, 707; navigating the ocean, canals, &c., 241 ; learned professions, 131. The city is built on a sandy plain, elevated about 40 feet above the level of the tide. It was formerly considered unhealthy, which chiefly arose from the rice grounds in the neighborhood ; but the citizens subscribed $70,000 to induce the owners of the plantations to substitute a dry for a wet cultivation of that article, by which the health of the city has been much improved. The city is regularly laid out in the form of a parallelogram, with streets, many of them wide, crossing each other at right angles. There are 10 public squares, containing 2 acres each, at equal distances from each other. These squares, and many of the streets, are bordered with trees, and particularly with the Pride of India, which gives them a beautiful appearance. Many of the houses are of brick, and a considerable number of them are elegant. On the e. and w. of the city are marshes ; and a pine barren extends 2 miles to the s. It has a good harbor. Vessels requiring 14 feet of water come up to the wharves of the city, and larger vessels come up to Fathom Hole, 4 ms. below. The city is defended by Fort Wayne on the E. side, and by Fort Jackson at Fathom Hole, 3 ms. below. Much of the trade of Georgia centres in Savannah — the principal articles of which are cotton and rice. 20 steamboats of a large size, and 50 steam tow-boats, navigate the river. On Tybee island, at the mouth of the river, is a liglit-house. One line of packets, con- sisting of 2 ships and 4 brigs, one vessel sailing from each place weekly — and another, consisting of 6 brigs, ply between this place and New York SAY 600 SCH The Savannah river furnishes great facilities for internal trade, and this river is connected to tlie Ogeechee by a canal 16 miles long, wliicii ter- minates at Savannah. There are 13 churches — 1 Baptist, 2 Episcopal, 2 Presbyterian, 1 Methodist, 1 Lutheran, 1 Bethel, 1 Catholic, 1 Unitar'n, 1 Jews Synagogue, and 3 African. The Exchange is a heavy Gothic build- ing, 5 stories high ; the academy is 180 feet long by 60 wide, 3 stories high. Tiie City Hall, the Hospital, the Court House, the Theatre, and 2 banks, are other public buildings. The two banks have an aggregate capital of §1,670,000. The tonnage of the port in 1840, was 17,930. There were 2 foreign commercial and 50 commission houses,witha capital of $943,500; 191 retail stores, cap. $855,190; 8 lumber yards, cap. $49,000; paints, drugs, &c., cap. $35,800 : 3 brick and 45 wooden houses built, cost $133,100; 4 printing offices, 2 binderies, 3 daily, 3 weekly, 3 semi- weekly newspapers, cap. $22,000. Total cap. in manufac. $105,460. 3 acad. 385 students, 7 sch. 470 scholars. This city was founded in 1733 by Gen. James Oglethorpe and others. It was taken by the British in 1778, but they abandoned it in 1782. On the 10th of Jan., L-<20, 463 buildings were burned, occasioning a loss of properly amounting to $4,000,000 ; but it has been rebuilt with ad- ditional beauty. Savannah, p-v., capital of Hardin co., Tenn., 131 s. w. by w. Nashville, 807 W. Situated on the E. bank of Tennessee r., and contains a court house, jail, and about 2.50 inhabitants. Savannah, p-v., capital of Carroll co., 111., 202 N. Springfield, 872 W. Situated on the e. side of Mississippi r., above the mouth of Plum creek. It contains a court house and jail, and a number of stores and dwellings. Savannah, p-v., capital of Andrew co.. Mo. Situated 5 miles from Missouri r. It contains a temporary court house, and about lOOiniiabitants. Saverton, p-v., Ralls co., Mo., 107 n. n. e. Jefferson City, 911 W. Situated on the w. bank of the Mississippi r. Pop. of t. 880. Saville, t.. Perry co., Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 fur- nace, 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 grist m., 17 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,313. 7 sch. 280 schol- ars. Pop. 1,233. Savov, p-t., Berkshire co., IMass., 122 w. N. w. Boston. 395 W. The surface is elevated and un- even ; soil, well adapted to grazing. Branches of Hoosic, Deerfield, and VVestfield rivers How from it. Incorporated in 1797. It contains a Baptist church. It has 3 stores, cap. $5,900; 1 grist m., 1 1 saw m. (.'ap. in manufac. $3,050. 9 sch. 170 scholars. Pop. 915 Saw Mill, p-o., Dale co., Ala. Saxenburg, p-v., Butler co.. Pa., 205 w. by n. Harrisburg, 236 W. Saxe's Mills, p-o., Franklin co., Vt., 76 n. Montpelier, 550 W. Saxonville, p-v., Middlesex co., Mass., 22 n. W. Boston, 42^ W. Saxton's llivER, p-c, Windham co., Vt. Saybrook, p-t., Middlesex co., Ct., 42 s. s. e. Hartford, 334 VV. The surface is uneven and stony ; soil, to a considerable extent, fertile. Connecticut r. bounds it on the E., and here en- ters Long Island soinid. The bar at its mouth has 12 feet of water at the highest tides. Wa- tered by Chester, I'ellipaug, and Pochaug rivers. The harbor is on a cove which sets up from Con- necticut r. The r. is not frozen here in the winter. The shad fishery in the spring is very valuable. I Scott, t., V^auderburgh co., la. Pop. 1,213. Scottsdlirg, p-v., Halifax co., Va., 119 s. w. Richmond, 217 W. It contains 1 store, several dwellings, and about 50 inhabitants. Scotts Crkkk, p-o., Haywood co., N. C, 312 w. Raleigli, 542 W. Scotts Ferry, p-o., Albemarle co., Va., 73 n. w. Richmond, 137 VV. Scotts Riuge, po., Fairfield co., Ct. ScoTTSviLLE, p-v., Wheatland t., 3Ionroe co., N. Y., 232 w. by n. Albany, 372 W. Situated on Allen's creek, on the line of the Genesee Val- ley canal. It contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyte- rian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist — 8 stores, 2 grist m., 1 pla.sier m., 2 saw m., 1 clothier's works, 1 distillery, 80 dwellings, and about 500 itthabitants. ScoTTSviLLE, p-o., Luzerne Co., Pa., 40 n. n. w. Wilkesbarre. ScoTTSViLLE, p-v.. Capital of Powhatan co., Va., 33 w. Richmond, 15iJ W. Situated on ele- vated ground, and contains a court house, jail, 3 stores, and about 25 dwellings. ScoTTsviLLE, p-o., Orange co., N. C, 57 it w. Raleigh, 291 W. ScoTTSviLLE, p-v., Bibb CO., Ala., 30 s. E Tuscaloosa, 814 W. ScoTTSviLLE, p-v., capital of Allen co., Ky., 148 s. w. Frankfort, 671 W. Situated on a branch of Green r., and contains a court house, jail, and several stores and dwellings. SCOTTSVILLE, p-v., Lee co.. 111., 149 n. Spring- field, 854 W. ScRiDA, p-t., Oswego CO., N. Y., 167 n. w. Al- bany, 377 W. It contains a part of the v. of Os- wego. The surface is uneven ; soil, sandy loam, moderately fertile. Lake Ontario bounds it on the N., into which its streams flow, and afford water power. Oswego r. runs on its w. border. Old Fort Oswego was erected near the mouth of Oswego r., in 1727. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,500 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $7,000; 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $172,816. 17 sch. 1,047 scholars. Pop. 4,051. ScRivE.v, county, Ga. Situated toward the s. E. part of the state, and contains 743 sq. ms. Sa- vannah r. runs on its n. e. border, and Ogeechee r. on its s. w. border. Watered by Brier cr. and its branches, and by Little Ogeechee r. Capital, Jacksonboro. There were in 1340, neat cattle 9,53^, sheep 2,876, swine 8,004; wheat 1,806 bush, produced, rye 1,055, Ind. corn 147,305, oats 1,350, potatoes 11,899, cotton 858,202 pounds, sugar 1,820; 6 stores, cap. $15,700; 1 tannery, 7 grist m., 6 saw m., 4 sch. 66 scholars. Pop. whites 2,162, slaves 2,623 free col'd 9; total, 4,794. ScROGGSFiELD, p-v., Fox t., Carroll co., O., 132 E. N. E. Columbus, 291 W. ScuFFLETON, p-v., Greene co., N. C, 102 e. s. E. Raleigh, 312 W. ScuFFLETOWN, p-v., Laurcus dist., S. C, 78 N. w. Columbus, 504 VV. Situated on s. side of Saluda r. Scull Camp, p-o., Surry co., N. C, 167 w. by N. Raleigh, 348 W. Scurlock's Spring, p-o., Jackson co., Flor. Scull Shoals, p-o., Greene co., Ga., 65 n. Milledgeville, 608 W. Poulain's bridge here crosses the Oconee r., where is a store and sev- eral mills. Scull Town, p-v.. Upper Penn's Neck t., Sa- lem CO., N. J., 12 N. E. Salem, 51 s. Trenton, 162 W. Situated at the head of navigation on Old- man's cr., which flows into Delaware r. It con- tains 3 stores and about 31) dwellings. Seabrook, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H., 47 s. E. Concord, 48 J W. Situated in the s. E. corner of the state, bounded e. by the Atlantic. Wa- tered by Black, Brown's, and Walton rivers. Chartered in 1768. Bog iron ore is found on some of its streams. Whalcboat building is ex- tensively carried on. It has 5 stores, cap. $4,500 ; 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 acad. 25 students, 4 sch. 150 scholars. Pop. 1,392. Seaco.nnet, jx)int, Little Compton t., R. I., 6 E. s. E. Newport, forms the s. point of the e. en- trance of Narraganset bay. A break-water has been here erected by the general government. Seaford, p-v., Sussex co., Del., 46 s. Dover, 121 W. Situated on Nanticoke r. Seal, t.. Pike co., O. It has 8 stores, cap. $12,130 ; 1 fulling ra., 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,180. 10 sch. 224 scholars. Pop. 1,835. Seal Cove, p o., Hancock co., Me., 113 e Augusta. Searcy, county. Ark. Situated toward the N. part of the state, and contains 850 sq. ms. A range of hills on its s. border separates it from SED 605 SEN Van Buren co. Watered by a branch of White r. Capital, Lebanon. There were in 1S40, neat cattle 1,391, sheep 650, swine 3,76i) ; wheat 1,071 bush, produced. Ind. corn 3S,2d9, oats 1,742, pota- toes 1,3)0, tobacco 8,826 pounds, cotton 3,S78; 2 stores, cap. §1,800; 5 grist m. Pop. whites 933, slaves 3 ; total, 936. Searcv, p-v., capita! of Wiiite co.. Ark., 50 n. N. E. Little Rock, 1,076 W. Situated on the s. w. side of Little Red r., a branch of White r.. and contains a court house and several dwellings. Se.vrsbukg, p-t., Bennington co., Vt., He. Bennington. The surface is mountainous and rough, lying on the Green niountain.s, and much of it is incapable of cultivation. Watered by Deerfield r. Chartered in 17dl. It has 3 saw m. Cap. in manutac. $1,000. Pop. 120. Searsburg, p-o., Hector t., Tompkins co., N. Y. Searsmont, p-t., Waldo co., Me., 38 e. Au- gusta, 627 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Watered by St. George's r., one branch of which flows from a considerable pond on its N. E. border. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,500 ; 1 full- ing m., 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,700. 9 sch. 460 scholars. Pop. 1,374. Searsville, p-v., Stewart co., Ga., 123 s. w. Milledgeville, 784 W. Sea View, p-o., Northampton co., Va., 163 e. Richmond, 239 W. Seaville, t., Hancock co., Ble. It has 3 sch. 66 scholars. Pop. 129. Seaward-sville, p-o., McDonough co., HI., 77 N. w. Springfield, 855 W. Sebago, lake, Cumberland co.. Me., is 12 ms. long, and at its greatest breadth 7 ms. wide, and discharges its waters by Presumpscot r., into Casco bay. It is connected with Long Pond on the N. by w. by Songo strait, and receives Crooked r. from the n. It is connected with Portland by the Cumberland and Oxford canal, 20i ms. long, opening, by means of its connected waters, a communication into the interior of 5Q ms. Sebago, p-t., Cumberland co., file., 76 s. w. Augusta, 562 W. It has Sebago lake on its s. E. border, and several ponds in its n. e. part, and others in its w. parts, by the outlets of which it is watered. The soil is fertile, and the situation pleasant, with a ready access to Portland. Char- tered in 1826. It has 2 grist ra., 2 saw m., 6 sch. 314 scholars. Pop. 707. Sebasticook, r., Me., rises in the s. e. part of Penobscot co., in a pond in Dexter t., passes through a considerable lake in Newport t., and flowing soulhwestwardly, enters Kennebec r., opposite to Waterville. It is about 50 ms. long, and affords good water power. Sebec, p t., Piscataquis co.. Me., 96 n. n. e. Augusta, 693 \V. Situated at the e. end of Sebec lake or pond, which is 10 nis. long, and on an average, 1 m. wide, the outlet of which, Sebec r., enters the Piscataquis r. on the n. side. The soil is fertile, adapt^-d to grain. Watered by Se- bec r. Incorporated in 1812. It has 3 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,100. 12 sch. 253 scholars. Pop. 1,116. Second Creek, p-o., Greenbrier co., Va., 220 w. Richmond, 257 W. Second Fork, p-v., Clearfield co., Pa., 157 n. •w. Harrisburg, 249 W. Section Creek, p-o.. Clay co., Ky., Ill s. e. Frankfort, 555 W. Sedgkwjck, t., Hancock co.. Me., 85 e. Au- fusta, 681 W. Situated on a peninsula, having Hue Hill bay on the e., and a strait which se- I parates it from Deer isl. on the s. It has good harbors, and considerable navigation employed in the coasting trade and the fisheries. The soil is moderately productive. Ship building is a considerable business. It has 7 stores, cap. $10,500 ; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,6(J0. 15 sch. 82S scholars. Pop. 1,922. Sedgewick Bay, po., Sedgewickt., Hancock CO., Me., 93 E. s. e. Augusta, 6S9 W. Seekonk, p-t., Bristol co., Mass., 46 s. s. w. Boston, 404 W. Bounded on the w. by Seekonk or Providence river, which separates it from the state of Rhode Island. Incorporated in 1812. Watered by Ten Mile r., which affords water power. The v. of Pawtucket lies partly in the N. w. part of this t., (which see.) The v., situ- ated on Ten Mile r. near its junction with Provi- dence r., contains 1 Congregational and 1 Baptist church, and several factories. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $4,900 ; 1 fulling m., 3 cotton fac. 6,010 sp., 1 tannery, 6 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $75,100. 1 acad. 4 students, 13 sch. 343 scholars. Pop. 1,996. Seely Creek, p-o., Southport t., Chemung CO., N. v., 203 w. s. w. Albany, 271 W. Seelysburg, p-o., Napoli t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 309 w. by s. Albany. 345 W. Seiberlingville, p-o., Lehigh co., Pa., 88 e. s. e. Harrisburg, 178 W. Seigfrieds Ferry, p-o., Northampton co., Pa., 86 E. s. E. Harrisburg, 178 W. Selbys Port, p-v., Alleghany co., Md., 214 n. w. Annapolis, 172 W. Selins Grove, p-v., Penn t.. Union co.. Pa., 51 N. Harrisburg, 161 W. Situated on Susque- hanna r., at the junction of Penn's cr. It contains 1 church, 6 stores, 100 dwellings, and about 800 inhabitants. Seller's Tavern, p-o., Bucks co.. Pa., 49 e. Harrisburg, 168 W. Selma, p-v., Dallas co., Ala., 83 s. s. E. Tusca- loosa, 844 W. Situated on the s. bank of Ala- bama r. It contains several stores, and about 900 inhabitants. Selma, p-v., Jefferson co.. Mo., 163 e. by s. Jefferson City, 818 W. Situated on the w. bank of the Mississippi r., 35 ms. below St. Louis, and 5 below Herculaneum. It has a good landing place, a large mercantile house, a shot fac, and considerable trade. Lead is extensively ex- ported. Se.mproivios, p-t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 16 s. e. Auburn, 164 w. Albany, 328 W. The surface is rolling ; soil, clay loam. Skeneateles lake lies on its N. E. border. Drained by small streams flowing into Skeneateles and Owasco lakes. It has 2 .stores, cap. $3,500 ; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,645. 9 sch. 577 scholars. Pop. 1,3;)4. Senatoca, p o., De Soto co.. Miss Seneca, lake, N. Y. One of the largest and most beautiful of the lakes in the w. part of the state. It is 40 ms. long from s. to n., and from 2 to 4 ms. wide, very deep, and never frozen over. The depth has been ascertained to be 560 feet, 12 ms. above the outlet. The shores of the lake are beautiful and picturcL.que, and the outlet flowing from its n. e. part, atFords extensive wa- ter power at Waterloo v., 6 miles, and Seneca Falls, 10 ms. from the lake. Crooked lake outlet enters this lake from the vv. at Dresden, 12 miles above Geneva. Steamboats on this lake run daily from Geneva to Jefferson, at the head of the lake, 40 ms. A canal exte-ids from this lake to the Erie canal, and a canal also connects it with Crooked lake. SEN 606 SEV Seneca, river, TV. Y., formed by the outlets of Cayuga, Canandaigua, Owasco, Skeneateles, and Onondaga lakes. After it receives the outlet of Oneida lake, it beronies Oswego r., and enters Lake Ontario at O.'ivvego v. Seneca, river, S. C, rises in the Blue ridge in N. C, and flows s. through Pendleton and Ander- son districts, S. C, and enters Tugaloo r. It ha.s nnrneron.s tributaries, and is about 50 ms. long. Senkca, county, N. Y. Situaed near the cen- tre of the stale, cliiefly between Seneca lake on the w., and Cayuga lake on the e., and contains 3JS sq. m.s. 'I'he surface between the lalses is beautifully and gently uneven, being most ele- vated in the middle. 'J'lie soil is a calcareous lo.im and mould, and ferlile. Drained by Seneca river. Bods of gypsum are found near Seneca Falls v. JVear Cannga v. is a mineral spring, which emits nitrogen gas. (^'apitals, Ovia and Waterloo. 'J'here were in 1840, neat cattle 21,2-2-i, sheep 63,824, swine •25,9S1 ; wheat 39S,5(i5 bush, produced, rye 5,,52fi, Indian corn 177,795, buckwheat l-v., Shelburne t., Frank- lin CO., Mass., 101 w. by N. Boston, 411 W. Sit- uated on Deerfield river, in the vv. part of the t., where the r. falls 47 feet in 40 rods. It contains a Baptist church, an academy, and about 30 dwellings, some of them neat. Shelby, county, Ala. Situated near the cen- tre of the state, and contains 950 sq. ms. Coosa r. runs on its E. boundary. Drained by Cahawba r. and its branches, and branches of Coosa r. Capital, Columbiana. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,824, sheep 1,944, swine 14,63); wheat 17,023 bush, produced, Indian corn 179,650, oats 9,946, potatoes 7,223, tobacco 1,197 pounds, cot- ton 510,333; 6 stores, cap. $13,200; 2 forges, 2 distilleries, 2 flouring m., 8 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,850. 6 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. whites 2,013, slaves 1,616, free colored 2; total, 6,112. Shelby, county, Tcnn. Situated in the s. w, corner of the state, and contains 600 square ms. The Mississippi r. runs on its w. border. Drained by Loosahatchy, Wolf, and Nonconna rivers, which flow into the Mississippi r. The soil ia very fertile. Capital, Raleigh. There were in 1840, neat cattle 15,345, sheep 4,732, swine 39,862; wheat 12,912 bush, produced, Ind. corn 551.790, oats 2.3,452, potatoes 36,532, tobacco 36,870 pounds, cotton 1,036,050 ; 27 commission hou.se.s, cap. $1,099,8)0; 30 stores, 9 grist m., 4 saw m., 2 printing oflices, 2 weekly and 2 semi- weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $20,000. 9 acad. 245 students, 7 sch. 231 scholars. Pop. whites 7,605, slaves 7,043, free col'd 73 ; total, 14,721. Shelby, county, Ky. Situated in the n. to- ward the E. part of the state, and contains 442 sq. ms. Drained by Brashears cr. and numerou.s tributaries, and branches of Floyd's fork, all of which flow into Salt r. Capital, Shelbyville. There were in 1810, neat cattle 18,747, sheep 30,360, swine 73,011, wheat 177,721 bushels pro- duced, rye 49,449. Indian corn 1,249,900, oats 197,620, potatoes 17,396, tobacco 917,560 pounds; 25 stores, cap. $151,950; 5 tanneries, 9 distilltir- ies, 2 flouring m., 46 grist m., 21 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $103,845. 6 acad. 337 students, 11 sch. 301 scholars. Pop. whites 11,256, slaves 6,355, free col'd 157 ; total, 17,763. Shelby, county, O. Situated toward the w. SHE 610 SHE part of the state, and contains 418 square miles. Organized in 1819. Drained by Miami r. and its branches. The surface is undulating ; soil, fer- tile. The Miami canal passes through its s. w. part, with a side cut to Sidney. Capital, Sidney. J'iiere were in 1840, neat cattle 10, .509, sheep 10,143, swine 18,941; wheat 78,691 bushels pro- duced, rye 5,49-<, Ind. corn 253,422, buckwheat 1,795, oats 131,010, potatoes 29,218, sugar 79,S30 ; 25 stores, cap. §30,475 ; 1 fulling m., 3 woollen lac, 8 tanneries, 1 distillery, 7 flouring m., 7 grist m., 22 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 printing offices, 1 week- ly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $34,205. 21 sch. 528 scholars. Pop. 12,154. SnELBV, county, la. Situated a little s. E. of the centre of the state, and contains 410 square ms. The surface is level ; soil, very fertile. Drained by Sugar cr., the e. branch of White r., Big and Little Blue r., and Flat Rock cr. Cap- ital, Shclbyville. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 11,33J, sheep 13,452, swine 39,618; wheat 61,611 bushels produced, rye 2,775, Indian corn 779,101, oats 85,725, potatoes 16,017, tobacco 116,254 pounds, sugar 47,561; 25 stores, capital $41,200; 1 fulling m., 8 tanneries, 12 distilleries, 1 pottery, 1 flouring m., 19 grist m., 19 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac $32,682. 11 sch. 249 scholars. Pop. 12,005. Shelby, county, 111. Situated a little s. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 1,080 square ms. Watered by Kaskaskia r. and its tributaries, and head branches of the .s. fork of Sangamon r. The surface consists of timber land and prairie ; soil, very fertile. Capital, Shelbyville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,423, sheep 6,693, swine 20,862 ; wheat 18,595 bush, produced, Ind. corn 385,220, oats 74,392, potatoes 6,729 ; 16 stores, cap. $45,299 ; 3 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 2 flouring m., 18 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $69,570. 18 schools 427 scholars. Pop. 6,659. Shelby, county. Mo. Situated toward the n. E. part of the state, and contains 432 square ms. The surface is level, consisting of timber land and prairie ; soil, fertile. Drained by Salt r. and North Two rivers, which affords water power. Coal banks are found on Salt r. Capital, Shel- byville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,376, sheep 2,059, swine 11,792 ; wheat 5,195 bushels produced, Ind. corn 134,970, oats 14,775, potatoes 8,117, tobacco 34,826 pounds; 6 stores, capital $19,800 : 1 distillery, 5 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,850. 10 sch. 256 scholars. Pop. whites 5,028, slaves 928, free colored 18 ; total, 3,056. Shelby, p-t., Orleans co., N. Y., 10 s. Albion, 262 w. by n. Albany, 395 W. The surface is generally level ; soil, calcareous loam. Drained by Oak Orchard cr. The v. contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., and a few dwell- ings. Shelby Basin is a v. on the Erie canal. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $ 14,000 ; 2 full- ing m., 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,900. Pop. 2,643. Shelby, p-v., Sharon t., Richland co., O., 69 N. by e. Columbus, 394 W. Situated near the head waters of the Black fork of 3Iohiccan cr., and contains 2 stores, and about 15 dwellings. Shelby, p-v., capital of t'leveJand co., N. C. It is situated on ihn e. side of First Broad r., and contains a court house, jail, and 10 dwellings. There is a fine mineral spring (sulphurous) one and three quarter ms. s. of Shelby. Shelby, t., Jeflferson co., la. It has 4 sch. 119 scholars. Pop. 2,120. Shelby, t., Macomb co., Mich. It has 3 stores, cap. $13,500; 1 flouring m. Cap. in manufac. $15,000. 1 acad. 14 students, 3 sch. 102 schol- ars. Pop. 1,262. Shelby B.vsi.n, p-v., Shelby t., Orleans co., N. Y., 265 w. by n. Albany, 400 W. Situated on the Erie canal. Shelby Corner, p-o., Shelby co., Tenn. Shelbyville, p-v., capital of Bedford co., Tenn., 59 s. by e. Nashville, 682 W. Situated on the N. E. side of Duck cr. It contains a court house, jail, 2 churches, a bank, printing office, and about 800 inhabitants. Shelbyville, p-v., capital of Shelby co., Ky., 23 w. by N. F'rankfort, 565 W. Situated on Bra- shears cr., 12 ms. above its entrance into Salt r. It contains a court house, jail, a bank, 2 churches, an academy, a printing office, about 180 dwell- ings, and 1,335 inhabitants. Shelbyville, p-t., capital of Shelby co., la., 26 s. E. Indianapolis, 564 W. The v. is situated on the s. side of Blue r., which is navigable for boats to this place in times of liigh water, and affords water power. It contains a brick court house, jail, 1 Methodist church, and about 600 inhabitants. The t. has 7 stores, cap. $19,000; 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,220. 2 sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 446. Shelbyville, p-v., capital of Shelby co., 111^ 60 s. E. Springfield, 724 W. Situated on the w. bank of Kaskaskia r. It contains a brick court house, 40 feet square, 2 stories high, with a cupo- la, 9 stores, and about 50 dwellings. It contains a large sulphur spring. Shelbyville, p-v., capital of Shelby co., Mo., 101 N. Jefferson City, 958 W. It contains a court house, 2 stores, and about 200 inhabitants. Sheldon, p-t., Franklin co., Vt., 62 n. Mont- pelier, 546 W. The surface is diversified by hills and valleys; soil, generally fertile, and easily cultivated. Watered by Missisque r. and its tributary. Black r., which affords water power. It contains an Episcopal church, and some Con- gregationalists and Methodists. Chartered in 1763. First settled in 1790. It has 5 stores, cap. $10,000 ; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 4 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $9,700. 9 sch. 226 scholars. Pop. 1,734. Sheldon, p-t., Wyoming co., N. Y., 265 w. Albany, 363 W. The surface is hilly; soil, moist clay loam, well adapted to grass. Drained by Tonawanda and Seneca creeks. The v. con- tains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Episcopal church, 2 stores, 1 tannery, 25 dwellings, and about 125 inhabitants. There are in the t. 6 stores, capital $1,900; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,50J. 1 acad. 100 students, 18 sch. 772 scholars. Pop. 2,353. Shelter Island, t., Suffolk co., N. Y., 20 e. Riverhead, 215 s. s. E. Albany. It comprises the whole of Shelter island, 6 ms. long and 4 broad, lying between Great Peconic and Gardiner's bays. The surface is uneven ; soil, light and sandy, with some level and fertile portions. There is a good ship channel all round the island, and its headlands present some picturesque views. A ferry of 120 rods connects it to South- old. It contains a Presbyterian church, and about 60 dwellings. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000; 1 grist m., 1 sch. 90 scholars. Pop. 379. Shell Creek, p-o., Muscogee co., Ga., 144 w. s. w. Milledgeville, 777 W. Shelocta, p-v., Armstrong t., Indiana co.. Pa., 161 w. by N. Harrisburg, 217 W. Shenandoah, r.,Va., is a large southern branch of Potomac r., composed of the n. branch, which rises in Rockingham co., and the s. branch, which rises in Augusta co. The latter branch flows along the w. side of the Blue ridge, and SHE 611 SHI nearly parallel to it, to the junction of the two branches in Warren co., whence the united stream flows N. E. to its junction with the Potomac, shortly before its passnge through the Blue ridge, at Harper's Ferry. (See Potomac r.) Shenandoah, county, Va. Situated toward the N. part of the state, and contains 475 square ms. The surface is generally uneven and moun- tainous, and the soil fertile. Watered by the n. fork of Shenandoah river. Capital, Woodstock. There were in 1310, neat cattle 10,532, sheep 12,315, swine 16,424; wheat 161,275 bush, pro- duced, rye 32,357, Ind. corn 2':»3,649, buckwheat 3,10y, oats 105,0'JO, potatoe.s 34,980; 31 stores, cap. $186,287; 3 furnaces, 3 forges, 2 fulling m., 4 woollen fac, 12 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 5 pot- teries, 2i flouring ra., 9 grist m., 20 saw ni., 1 oil m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manulac. $178,175. 2 acad. 103 students, 8 sch. 247 scholars. Pop. whites 10,320, slaves 1,033, free col'd 265; total, 11,618. Shenandoah, p-o., Fishkill t., Dutchess co., N. Y., 93 s. Albany, 294 W. Shenandoah Iron Works, p-o., Page co., Va., 115 N. w. Richmond, 118 W. Shenango, t., Beaver co., Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,500; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 2 distiller- ies, 1 flouring m., 5 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $32,900. 4 sch. 162 scholars. Pop. 1,435. Shenango, t., Mercer co., Pa., lis. w. Mer- cer b. The surface is level; soil, clay and loam. Drained by Shenango cr. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,675. 9 sch. 368 scholars. Pop. 1,354. Shepherdstown, p-v., Cumberland co., Pa., 18 w. Harrisburg, 102 W. Shepherdstown, p-v., Jefferson co., Va., 179 N. Richmond, 67 W. Situated on the s. w. side of Potomac r., 10 miles above Harper's Ferry, and contains 3 churches, 6 stores, 4 flouring m., 160 dwellings, and about 1,200 inhabitants. Shepherdstown, p-v., Wheeling t., Belmont CO., O., 4 n. St. Clairsville. Shepherdsville, p-v., capital of Bullitt co., Ky., 72 w. s. w. Frankfort, 616 W. Situated on the N. side of Salt r. It contains a court bouse, jail, county clerk's office, a seminary, and 300 inhabitants. Paroquette Springs, one mile from the v., on the n. bank of Salt r., have beautiful grounds and fine buildings for the accommoda- tion of visiters. Sherburne, p-t., Rutland co., Vt., 63 s. Mont- Celier, 463 W. The surface is mountainous and roken, except a narrow intervale along Quee- chee r., which is fertile. Killington Peak, a southern summit of the Green mountains, having an elevation of 3,924 feet above tidewater, is in the s. part of this t. Queechee r. rises here. It has 3 ponds of ten acres each, from one of which issues Thundering brook, with a considerable fall, affording water power. Chartered in 1761. First settled in 1735. It has 1 store, cap. $2,500 ; 4 saw m. Cap. in maniifac. $800. 8 sch. 156 scholars. Pop. 496. Sherburne, prt., Middlesex co., Mass., 19 s. W. Boston, 420 W. The surface is elevated ; soil, fertile. Watered by Charles r., which bounds it on the E., and Sudbury r. The v., at the centre, contains 2churches — 1 Congregational and 1 Urjitiirian. It has manufactures of boots, shoes, straw bonnets, and whips. It has 3 stores, cap. $6,500 ; 1 tannerv, 1 saw m. Cap. in man- ulac. $5,800. 7 sch. 2)0 scholars. Pop. 995. Sherburne, p-t., Chenango co., N. Y., 103 w. Albany, 347 W. The surface is hilly j soil, argillaceous and sandy loam. Drained by Che- nango r. The v. is situated on the e. side of Chenango r., on the Chenango canal. Incorpo- rated in 1830, and contains 4 churches — 1 Pres- byterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — an academy, 13 stores, 3 forwarding houses, 1 pottery, 1 furnace, 100 dwellings, and about 600 inhabitants. There are in the t. 13 stores, cap. $45,000; 2 fulling m., 1 tamiery, 3 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $30,775. 1 acad. 163 students, 18 sch. 830 scholars. Pop. 2,791. Sherborne BIllls, p-v., Fleming co., Ky., 83 E. Frankfort, 500 W. Situated on Licking r., and contains 1 Baptist church, and about 100 in- habitants. Sherers Cross Roads, p-o., Westmoreland CO., Pa., 196 w. Harrisburg, 222 W. Sheridan, p-t., Chautauque co., N. Y., 324 w. by s. Albany, 351 W. The surface is hilly; soil, clay loam, with some sand. Drained by Scott's, Walnut, and other creeks, flowing into Lake Erie, which bounds it on the n. w. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 2 tanneries, 10 saw. Cap. in manufac. $19,415. 12 sch. 591 scholars. Fop. 1,883. Sheridan, t., Calhoun co., Mich. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 saw m , 4 sch. 82 scholars. Pop. 534. Sherman, p-t., Fairfield co., Ct., 57 s. w. Hart- ford, 308 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, gene- rally gravelly loam, fertile in tbe valleys. Drained by Rocky r., a branch of Housatonic r. It contains a Congregational church. It has 3 stores, cap. $5,200 ; 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,250. 6 sch. 215 scholars. Pop. 938. Sherman, p-t., Chautauque co., N. Y., 357 w. by s. Albany, 346 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, clay and gravelly loam. Drained by French cr. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,550. 6 sch. 163 scholars. Pop. 1,099. Sherman, p-t., Huron co., O., 15 s. w. Nor- walk, 90 N. by w. Columbus, 412 W. It has 2 stores, cap. $14,000; 1 fulling m., 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,300. 3 sch. 74 scholars. Pop. 692. Sherman, p-t., St. Joseph co., Mich., 135 w. by s. Detroit, 534 W. Watered by Prairie cr. It has 1 distillery. Pop. 683. Sherman, po.. Cook co.. III. Sherrards Store, p-o., Hampshire co., Va., 173 N. w. Richmond, lOl W. Sherrjlls Ford, po., Lincoln co., N. C, 159 w. by s. Raleigh, 3J6 W. Sherrodsville, p-o., Carroll co., O., 118 e. N. E.Columbus, 304 W. Sherwood, p-t., Branch co., Mich., 125 w. s. w. Detroit, 531 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. It has 3 sch. 53 scholars. Pop. 367. Sherwoods Corners, p-o., Scipio t., Cayuga CO., N. Y., 156 w. Alb;iny, 321 W. SiiESHEauiN, p-t., Bradford co., Pa., 144 n. Harrisburg, 251 W. Surface, hilly ; soil, gravel- ly loam. Drained by small creeks flowing into Susquehanna r. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,450. 7 sch. 280 scholars. Pop. 1,010. SiiETUCKET, r., Ct., rises in Windham and Tolland counties, and flowing s. receives Quin- nebaug r., in Norwich, where it becomes the principal constituent of Thames r. It receives Natchaug r. from the E., in Mansfield, and Wil- limanlic r. from the w., in Windham. It affords good water power. Shiawassee, county, Mich. Situated in the SHI 612 srio central part of the state, and contains 544 square miles. Drained by Shiawassee, Looking Glass, and Meshtegayork rivers, some of which afford good water power. Organized in 1837. The surface is rolling or level ; soil, fertile. i\Iineral coal is found. Capital, Corunna. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,143, sheep 375, swine 3,807 ; wheat 19,584 bushels produced, Ind. corn 13,772, oats 10,937, potatoes 23,007, sugar 25,933 pounds; 6 stores, cap. $11,300; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $46,878. 11 sch. 260 scholars. Pop. 2,103. Shiawassee, p-t., Shiawassee county, Mich., 76 N. w. Detroit, 579 W. Situated on Shiawas- see r., and contains 2 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., and is a growing v. There are in the t. 2 stores, cap. ,$4,300 ; 1 tannery, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,950. 4 sch. 83 scholars. Pop. 426. Shickshin.ny, mt.. Pa., runs along the w. side of Susquehanna r., which it crosses in Luzerne county. Shickshinxv, po., Luzerne co., Pa., 114 n. e. Harrisburg, 213 W. Shielusborough, p-v., capital of Hancock CO., Miss., 212 s. by E. .laekson, 1,162 W. Situ- ated on the w. side of the mouth of St. Louis bay, which sets up from Lake Borgne. It con- tains a court house and about lOl) inhabitants. SiiiLoii, p-v., Cumberland co., N. J. Shiloh, p-o., King George co., Va. SnjLoii, p-v., Camden co., N. C, 226 n. e. by E. Raleigh, 2S6 W. It contains about 150 in- habitants. Shiloii, p-o., Troup co., Ga., 128 w. Milledge- ville, 732 W. Shiloh, p-o., Marengo co., Ala., 97 s. Tusca- loosa, 909 W. Shiloh, p-o., Gibson co., Tenn., 149 w. Nash- ville, 823 W. Shingle Creek, p-o., St. Lawrence co., N. Y. Shinnecock, bay, SuflTolk co., N. Y. It is about 10 miles long, and 3 to 4 broad, separated from the ocean by n narrow sand beacli. It pro- duces large quantities of fine shell fish. Shinnstox, p-v., Harrison co., Va., 265 n. w. Richmond, 233 W. It contains 1 church, free to all denominations, 2 stores, I grist m., 5 saw m., several lumber yards, 20 dwellings and about 125 inhabitants. Lumber is extensively ex- ported. Shipley's Ferry, p-o., Sullivan co., Tenn., 282 E. Nashville, 401 VV. Shippen, p-t., MeKean co.. Pa., 171 x. w. Har- risburg, 251 VV. The surface is mountainous and rou"h ; barren on the hills, with some lorlile land in the valleys. Drained by Driftwood cr. and another branch of Sinnemahoning cr. It contains salt springs and salt works on Driftwood cr. It lias 1 store, cap. $5,000; 2 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,150. Pop. 184. Shippex, t., Cumberland CO., Pa. The surlacc is level ; soil, calcareous loam. It has 1 dis- tillery, 1 flouring m. Cap. in manufac. $9,000. lach. 40 scholars. Pop. 181. SiiiPPENSiiuRc;, ph., Cumberland co.. Pa., 34 fi. w. Harrisburg, 101 VV. It is situatcive piers and lighthouses. It is often called Great Sodus bay. SoDus, p-t., Wayne co., "N. Y., 12 n. Lyons, 195 w. N. w. Albany, 371 W. The surface de- SOM 618 SOM clines gently towards Lake Ontario, uhich bounds it on the n. with Sodus bay on the n. e. Drained by Salmon or. and other streams, flow- ing into the lake or the bay. The v., situated on the ridge road, 5 ms. s. of the lake, contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist — 6 stores, 1 steam saw m., 1 tannery, 50 dwellings, and about 350 inhabitants. There are in the t. 8 stores, cap. $13,900 ; 3 Culling m.. 4 tanneries, 1 distillery, 4 grist m., 20 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,400. 23 sch. 1,43'J scholars. Pop. 4,472. SoDus Centre, p-o., Sodus t., Wayne co., N. Y., 191 w. N. w. Albany, 367 W. Sodus Point, p-v., port of entry, Sodus t., Wayne cc, N. Y., 201 w. n. w. Albany, 377 W. Situated at the entrance of Great Sodus bay, with a good harbor, and contains 1 store, 1 steam saw m., and 25 dwellings. Solemn Grove, p-o., Moore co., N. C, 90 s. w. Raleigh, 377 W. SoLESBURY, t... Backs CO., Pa. The surface is rolling ; soil, clay and sandy loam. Delaware r. bounds it on the n. and e. Here is Ingham's, or Great Spring, which is clear and cold in the summer, and does not freeze in the winter, and discharges a stream wiiich, with 18 or 20 feet fall, would drive a grist m., with two run of stones, through the year. There are 5 good mill seats upon it before it flows into Delaware r., a distance of 3 ms. There are in the t. 4 villages, and 2 bridges across the Delaware. It has 4 stores, cap. $12,300; 1 tannery, 1 paper fac, 2 flourhig m., 7 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $52,275. 8 sch. 381 scholars. Pop. 2,038. Solon, p-t., Somerset co.. Me., 18 n. Norridge- wock, 52 N. Augusta, 647 W. Kennebec r. bounds it on the w. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. It has a considerable pond in its n. e. part. A small tributary of Kennebec r. waters it in the N. w. It has 4 stores, cap. $6,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,200. 8 sch. 507 scholars. Pop. 1,139. Solon, p-t., Cortland co., N. Y., 12 e. Cortland, 138 w. Albany, 323 W. The surface is undula- ting ; soil, gravel, clay, and sandy loam, adapted to grazing. Drained by Ostelic r. and its tributa- ries. It has 1 store, cap. $ t,000 ; 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,500; 20 sch. 747 scholars. Pop. 2,311. Solon, p-t., Cuyahoga co., O., 154 n. n. e. Co- lumbus, 344 W. Watered by Chagrin r. and its branches, which aflTord extensive water power, and by Tinkers cr. It has 1 store, cap. $500 ; 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 8 sch. 280 scholars. Pop. 774. Solus, p-o., Wood co., Va., 303 w. n. w. Rich- mond, 271 W. Somerfield, p-o., Somerset co.. Pa., 158 w. Harrisburg, 174 W. SoMERFORD, t., Madisou CO., O. It has 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,150. 8 sch. 300 scholars. Pop. 761. SoMER.s, p-t., Tolland co., Ct., 23 N. E. Hart- ford, 359 W. The surface is level on the w., and elevated and mountainous on the e., aflfording an extensive view of the valley of Connecticut r., and reaching to the city of Hartford. It contains 1 Congregational and 1 Methodist church. The V. ai the centre contains I cliurch, 4 or 5 stores, and 30 or 40 dwellings. Straw hals and bonnets are extensively manufactured. It has 6 stores, cap. $37,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 10 sch. 446 scholars. Pop. 1,621. So.viers, p-t., Westchester co., N. Y., 20 n. White Plains, 119 s. Albany, 274 W. The sur- face is partly uneven, with some extensive plains ; soil, adapted to grass and grain. Watered by < 'roton r. and its tributaries. The v. contains 2 churches, 2 stores, and 35 or 40 dwellings. There are in the t. 4 sch. 62 sciiolars. Pop. 2,0^2. SoMERs, t., Preble ro., O. Pop. 1,820. So.MERSET, county, Me. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 3,600 sq. ms Watered by Keiinebec r., which flows from Um- bagog lake, on its e. border, and by various branches. There are many lakes in its upper parts. The surface is various ; soil, in its lower parts, generally fertile. The N. part is still a wilderness. Capital, Norridgewock. There were in 1840, neat cattle 27,.S66, sheep 66,062, swine 11,650 ; wiieat 132,4H7 bush, produced, rye 10,882, Ind. com 71,134, buckwheat 1,334, barley 18.372, oats 197,968, potatoes 1,083,718, sugar 94,121 pounds; 77 stores, cap. $94,510; 13 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 20 tanneries, 2 potteries, 44 grist m., 75 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $305,291. 4 acad. 155 students, 333 sch. 13,179 scholars. Pop. 33,912. Somerset, county, N. J. Situated a little n. of the centre of the state, and conthins 275 sq. ms. The surface is various ; soil, fertile, particularly on the streams. Watered by Raritan r. and its branches. Capital, Somerville. Tliere were in 1840, neat cattle 15,776, sheep 16,754, swine 14,026; wheat 40,780 bush, produced, rye 124,793, Ind. corn 270,969, buckwheat 52,060, barley 1,846, oats 313,245, potatoes, 76,845 ; 64 stores, cap. $142,200 ; 6 lumber yards, cap. $42,000 ; 9 fulling m., 6 woollen fac, 14 tanneries, 14 distilleries, 1 pottery, 1 flouring m., 30 grist m., 30 saw m., 1 oil m., 3 printing offices, 1 bindery, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $271,129. 1 col- lege, 115 students, 1 acad. 56 students, 48 sch. 1,313 scholars. Pop. 17,455. Somerset, county, Pa. Situated toward the s. w. part of the stale, and contains 1,000 sq. ms. Drained by branches of Conemaugh r. and Castle- man's branch of Youghiogheny r. It has Laurel Hill mt. on its N. w. border, and Alleghany mt.oii its s. E. border, between which the surface is un- even, and the soil adapted to grain and to graz- ing. Capital, Somerset. There were in 1840, neat catlle 31,000, sheep 36,900, swine 25,720; wheat 118,100 bush, produced, rye 169,550, Ind. (•orn 32,940, buckwheat 46,650, oats 621,200, potatoes 134,800, sugar 299,800 pounds ; 46 stores, cap. $168,500; 13 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 20 tanneries, 47 distilleries, 1 brewery, 9 potteries, 2 printing offices, 3 weekly newspapers, 2 flouring m., 64 grist m., 141 saw m., 4 oil m. Cap. in man- ufac $116,310. 21 sch. 476 scholars. Pop. 19,650. Somerset, county, Md. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 500 sq. ms. Nan- ticoke r. bounds it on tiie .\. w. Drained by Po- comoke, Wiciomico, and Manokin rivers. Capi- tal, Princess Anne. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,221, sheep l],5.xS, swine 20,010; wheat 36,778 bush, produced, Ind. corn 428,102, oats 125,697, potatoes 52,091 ; 72 .stores, cap. $97,375 ; 3 lumber yards, cap. $30,000 ; 5 tanneries, 28 grist m., 19 saw m. Cap. in manufac $25,7501 1 college, 20 students, 2 acad. 26 students, 23 sch. 614 scholars. Pop. whiles 11,485, slaves 5,377, free col'd 2,646; total, 19,.50S. SoMERsrcT, p-t., Ib-istol CO., Mass., 44 s. Boston, 418 W. Situated on the w. side of Taunton r., which is navigable to this place for vessels of con- siderable burden. Incorporated in 1790. It con- tains 4 churches — 2 Baptist, 1 3Ielhodist, and 1 Friends. It has some shipping ; and ship-buikling is a considerable business. It has 6 stores, cap. SOM 619 SOU $8,250. Cap. in manufac. $4,425. 8 sch. 143 scholars. Pop. 1,005. Somerset, t., Windham co., Vt., 15 n. e. Ben- nington. The surface is mounlainous, lying on the Green mounlain range, and containing a part of it called Mount Pisgah. Drained by Deer- field r. and its branch. Moose r. It has 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,050. 3 sch. 89 scholars. Pop. 262. Somerset, p-t., Niagara co., N. Y., 14 n, e. Lockport, 276 w. by n. Albany, 419 W. The surface is level ; soil, sandy and clay loam. Lake Ontario bounds- it on the n. Watered by Golden Hill cr. and other small streams (lowing into the lake. It has 2 stores, cap. $7,800 ; 1 tannery, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,275. 6 sch. 319 scholars. Pop. 1,7J2. Somerset, t, Washington co., Pa. It has 4 stores, cap. $8,600 ; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m. Cap. in manufac. $3,000. 8 sch. 279 scholars. Pop. 1,620. Somerset, p-b., Somerset t., capital of Somer- set CO., Pa., 40 w. Harrisburg, 166 W. It is situ- ated on Cox's cr. Incorporated in 1804, and con- tains a court house, jail, of stone, county otTices, of brick, an academy, and 3 churches— 1 German Relbrmed, 1 Lutheran, and 1 3Iethod;st ; 7 stores, cap. $33,000 : 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 1 brewery, 2 potteries, 2 printing offices, 3 weekly news- papers. Cap. in manufac. $11,800; 1 sch. 87 scholars. Pop. 63-:!. Somerset, t., Somerset co.. Pa. The surface is rolling ; soil, yellow clay. Drained by Laurel Hiil, Middle, and Cox's creeks. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 9 distilleries, 1 pottery, 11 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $8,200. 1 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 2,711. Somerset, p-t., capital of Perry co., O., 47 E. s. E. Columbus, 358 W. The v contains a court- house, jail, 9 stores, 120 dwellings, and about 750 inhabitants. There are in tlie t. 13 stores, cap. .$18,750; 2tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 printing offices, 2vveekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $18,367. 1 acad. 60 students, 4 sch. 160 scholars. Pop. 947. Somerset, t., Belmont co., O. It has 1 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 1,933. Somerset, p-v., capital of Pulaski co., Ky., 84 s. s. E. Franklbrt, 590 W. Situated 5 ms. n. of Cumberland r., and contains a court house, jail, and about 240 inhabitants. Somerset, p-t., Hillsdale co., Mich. It con- tains some of the highest land in the state ; soil, fertile, adapted to grain. It has 1 store, cap. $3,600 ; 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,400. 4 sch. 85 scholars. Pop. 716. So.MERSET, p-o., Monroe co.. Mo., 83 n. JefTer- son City, 943 W. SoMERs Point, p-v., Atlantic co., N. J., 91 s. Trentfm, 201 W. Port of entry for Great Egg Harbor dist. Situated on Great Egg Harbor bay. It contains a boarding house, much resorted to for sea-bathing in the summer season. SoMERswoRTii, t., Strafford co., N. H., 45 e. Concord. Bounded on the n. e. and e. by Sal- mon Falls r. Cocheco r. bounds it on the s. w. First settled in 1750. At Quamphigan falls, in the r. in the n. part of this t., at the head of tide- water, is a large manufacturing v. Vessels of 250 tons come within a mile of it. It is denom- inated Great Falls v., and contains 4 churches, very extensive cotton and woollen factories, and about 2,500 inhabitants. There are in tlie t. 30 stores, cap. $42,890 ; 12 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 4 cotton lac. 40,012 sp., 2 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $966,250. 1 acad. 20 students, 13 sch. 835 scholars. Pop. 3,283. So.MKRTON, p-o., Moreland t., Philadelphia co., Pa., 113 E. by s. Harrisburg, 153 W. So.MERTOiV, p-v., Nansemond co., Va., 95 s. E. Richmond, 214 VV. It contains 1 Methodist church, 1 store, and about 75 inhabitants. SoMKRTO.-^, p-v., Somerset t., Belmont co., O., 107 E. Columbus, 293 W. Situated on the s. fork of Captma cr., and contains 1 Methodist and 1 Friends church, 2 stores, several mechanic shops, 2 tobacco house.?, about 30 dwellings, and 180 inhabitants. Tobacco has been extensively cultivated in the neighborhood. SoMERviLLE, p-v , Rossie t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 176 N. N. w. Albany, 445 W. It contains 2 stores, 30 dwellings, and about 175 inhabitants. So.MERviLLE, p-v., capital of Somerset co., N. J., 31 N. Trenton, 202 W. Situated 1 m. n. of Raritan r., and contains a court house, jail, 1 Dutch Reformed sjnd 1 Methodist church, an academy, a female seminary, 7 stores, 1 grist m., over 100 dwellings, many of them neat, and about 800 inhabitants. SoMERViLLE, p-v., Fauquier co., Va., 83 n. by w. Richmond, 70 W. So.MERviLLE, p-v.. Capital of Morgan co., Ala., 133 N. N. E. Tuscaloosa, 732 W. Situated 5 ms. s. of Tennessee r., and contains a court house, jail, and about 250 inhabitants. SoMERviLLE, p-v.. Capital of Fayette co., Tenn., 185 w. s. w. Nashville, 871 W. Situated half a mile s. of Loosa Hatchie r., and contains a court house, jail, 3 churches, a male and female academy, a bank, and 750 inhabitants. Somer- ville College has been chartered here, and a building is in process of erection. So.MERviLLE, p-v., Millbrd t., Butler co., O., 101 w. s. w. Columbus, 494 W. It contains 4 stores, about 50 dwellings, and 300 inhabitants. SoMENAUK, p-o., De Kalb co., 111., 182 n. n. e. Springfield, 775 W. Sooy's Inn, p-o., Burlington co., N. J., 55 s. Trenton, 179 W. SoREL HoRSE, p-o., Montgomery co.. Pa., 113 E. Harrisburg, 153 W. SoRBY, p-o., Wayne co., Tenn., 1 10 s. w. Nash- ville, 786 W. SoucHAH.\TCHE, po., Macon CO., Ala., 149 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 796 W. SouHEGAN, river, N. H., rises in a pond in Ashbumham, Mass., and flows into New Ipswich, in the s. w. part of Hillsboro' co., N. H., and thence n. e. and e., until it enters Merrimac r., in Merrimac t. South Albion, p-v., Albion t., Kennebec co., Me., 25 N. E. Augusta, 620 W. South Alto.n, p-v., Alton t., Belknap co., N. II., 28 N. E. Concord, 509 W. Sou'i'H Amenia, p-o., Amenia t., Dutchess CO., N. Y., 68 s. Albany, 325 W. South Amherst, p o., Hampshire co., Mass. South Amboy, t., Middlesex co., N. J. Raritan r. bounds it on the n., Raritan bay on the n. e., and Millstone river on the s. w. The surface is level ; soil, sandy. Drained by South r. and its tributaries. The Camden and Amboy railroad runs through it. The v. is at the head of Raritan bay, at the mouth of Raritan r., 1 m. s. of Perth Amboy. It has a good harbor. The above rail- road terminates here, and is connected by a steamboat line with the city of New York. It contains a large manufactory of stoneware, from excellent clay in the vicinity, and about 20 dwellings. There are in the t. 3 stores, capital $1,400 ; 1 pottery, i paper fac, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $24,100. 6 sch. 198 scholars. Pop. 1,825. Southampton, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H., sou 620 SOU 39 s. Concord, 474 W. The surface is generally level ; soil, fertile. Drained by Povvow r., which affords good water power. Incorporated in 1742. It has 4 stores, cap. $3,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 grist m., 1 saw m. 1 academy 25 students, 4 sch. 132 scholars. Pop. 4G2. Southampton, p-t., Hampshire co., Mass., 9 S. w. Northampton, 102 w. by s. Boston, 372 W. Manhan r. passes twice through the t., first from N. to s. into the n. part of Westfield, and return- ing passes through it to tlie n. e. It affords good water power. The canal from New Hnven to Northampton passes through the t., along Manhan r. It has a lead mine in its n. part. The v. at the centre contains a Congregational ciiurch and an academy. It has 4 stores, cap. $1,800 ; 1 full- ing m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,900. 1 acad. 40 students, 7 sch. 370 echolars. Pop. 1,157. Southampton, p-t., Suffolk co., N. Y., 250 s. S. E. Albany, 330 W. The surface is generally level ; soil, light sand and sandy loam, and fer- tile if well manured. It is a largo t., at the e. part of Long Island, extending from Great and Little Peconic bays on the n., to the Atlantic ocean on the s. The v. is situated on the post- road running on the s. side of Long Island, and contains 1 Presbyterian church, an academy, several stores and mechanic shops, 3 wind m., 50 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants. There are ■in the t. 53 stores, cap. $153,800 ; 2 woollen fac, 1 pottery, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly and 1 semi- weekly newspapers, 10 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $46,345. 2 acad. 90 students, 31 sch. 1,281 scholars. Pop. 6,205. Southampton, county, Va. Situated in the 8. E. part of the state, and contains 648 sq. miles. Meherrin r. runs on its s. w. border, and Black- water r. runs on its e. border. Drained by Not- taway r. and its branches. Capital, Jerusalem. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,003, sheep 7,967, swine 43,663 ; wheat 9,730 bush, produced, rye 3,032, Ind. corn 553,895, oats 71,312, potatoes 88,036, rice 1,080 pounds, tobacco 25,346, cotton 851,315; 20 stores, capital $56,250 ; 1 tannery, 24 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $6,300. 2 acad. 40 students, 22 sch. 409 scholars. Pop. whites 5,171, slaves 6,555, free col'd 1,799 ; total, 14,525. Southampton, t., Somerset co.. Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 4 grist m., 6 saw m. Capital in manufac. $2,650. Pop. 755. Southampton, t., Bucks co.. Pa., 12 s. e. Doylestown. The surface is rolling: soil, sandy loam. Watered by Poquessing and Ponnypack crs. It contains a Friends church in its n. w. part. It has 4 stores, capital $7,000 ; 2 sch. 68 scholars. Pop. 1,256. Southampton, t., Cumberland co.. Pa., 18 s. W.Carlisle. The surface is hilly ; soil, calcare- ous loam. The t. is mostly covered by South mountain, which is susceptible o\' cultivation to its top. A small stream, rising in the hills, runs 3 or 4 ms., and disappears in a limestone sink. It has 3 stores, cap. $7,500; 2 furnaces, 1 distillery, 3 flouring m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,180. 6 sch. 240 scholars. Pop. 1,484. Southampton, t., Frankhn co.. Pa., 13 n. e. Chambersburg. The surface is level; soil, cal- careous loam. Coiiedogvvinit cr. runs on its n. w. boundary, and 3Iean's run, its tributary, on the s. E. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,500 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 furnaces, 1 tannery, 1 distil- lery, 1 flouring m., 7 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $4,500. 8 sch. 335 scholars. Pop. 1,703. Southampton, t., Bedford, Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $5,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manu- liic. $9,620. 3 sch. 125 scholars. Pop. 1,513. Southampton, t., Trumbull co., O. It has 7 sch. 2S6 scholars. Pop. 289. South Anna, river, Va., rises in Louisa co., and, watering its s. part, enters North Anna r., on the border of Hanover co., to form Pamunky river. South Anna, p-v., Louisa co., Va., 67 n. w. Richmond, HOW. South Anson, p-v., Anson t., Somerset co., 3Ie., 44 N. E. Augusta, 639 W. South Argvi.e, p-o., Argyle t., Washington CO., N. Y., 42 N. E. Albany, 412 W. South Athol, p-o., Athol t., Warren co., N.Y. South Attlkborough, p-v., Attleborough t., Bristol CO., 3Iass., 43 s. s. w. Boston, 407 W. South Auburn, p-o., Susquehanna co., Pa., 179 N. N. E. Harrisburg, 278 W. South Avon, p-o., Avon t., Livingston co., N. Y., 224 w. Albany, 353 W. South Bainbridge, p-v., Bainbridge t., Che- nango CO., N. Y., 110 w. by s. Albany, 314 W. Situated on both sides of Susquehanna r., and contains 2 churches, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., and about 40 dwellings. South Barre, p-v., Barre t., Washington co., Vt., 8 s. s. E. Montpelier, 518 W. South Barre, p-o.. Barre t., Orleans co., N. Y., 256 w. by n. Albany, 386 W. South Bay, N. Y. A branch of Lake Cham- plain, which it enters in its s. part, in Washington CO. It is about 4 ms. long, and half a m. wide. South Bedford, po., Bedford t., 3Ierrimac CO., N. H. South Bend, p-v., capital of St. Joseph's co., la., 139 N. Indianapolis, 624 W. Pleasantly situ- ated on a high bluff, on the s. side of St. Joseph's r., and has a great water power. It contains a court house of brick, a jail, a number of stofes. and about 1,000 inhabitants. South Berwick, p-t., York co.. Me., 95 s. w Augusta, 500 W. Situated on the s. e. side of Salmon Fall r. Th.e Great falls, in the r., afford great water power. Incorporated in 1814. It contains a flourishing manufacturing v. It has 16 stores, cap. $24,300 ; 1 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 6,912 spindles, 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $223,400. 1 acad. 73 students, 14 sch. 871 scholars. Pop. 2,314. South Bloomfield, p-v., Harrison t., Picka- way CO., O., 17 s. Columbus, 405 W. Situated a little w. of the Ohio canal, and contains 3 stores, 1 tannery, 3D dwellings, and about 200 inhabit- ants. In the vicinity are various mills and manu- factories. Southborough, p-t., Worcester CO., Mass., 26 w. Boston, 414 W. The surface is moderately uneveii ; soil, productive. Watered by a branch of Sudbury r. Incorporated in 1727. It contains 1 Congregational, 1 Unitarian, and 1 Bajitist church. It has 3 stores, cap. $24,000 ; 1 lulling m., 1 woollen fac, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,900. 6 sch. 337 scholars. Pop. 1,145. South Branch, p-o., Wirt t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 278 w. by s. Albany, 319 W. SouTJiBRiDGE, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 61 w. s. w. Boston, 3.S1 W. Watered by Quiime- baug r., which affords water power. It contains 3 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist. It has a pleasant v., in which are 1 bank, 2 chtirches, and 10 or 50 dwellings. It lias 10 stores, cap. $26,000 ; 1 woollen fac, 8 cotton fac. 14,660 sp., 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Capital in sou 621 SOU tnanufac. $160,875. 1 acad. 25 students, 7 sch. 363 scholars. Pop. 2,031. South Bridgeton, p-o., Bridgeton t., Cum- berland CO., Me., 83 s. s. w. Augusta, 569 W. South Bristol, p-t., Ontario co., N. Y., 12 s. Canandaigua, 213 w. Albany, 349 W. The sur- face is liilly ; soil, clay loam, moderately fertile. Drained by Mud or., and small streams which flow into Canandaigua lake, which bounds it on tiie s. E. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 fulling ra., 1 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufactures, $12,840. 14 sch. 631 scholars. Pop. 1,375. South Britain, p-v., Southbnry t., New Ha- ven CO., Ct., 57 s. Hartford, 301 W. It is 4 s. w. Southbury v., and contains 2 churches — 1 Con- gregational and 1 Methodist — 3 stores, 1 carpet fac, 3 hat fac, and about 25 dwellings. South Bro.\d.\lbin, po., Broadalbin t., Ful- ton CO., N. Y., 39 N. w. Albany, 497 W. South Brunswick, t., Middlesex co., N. J., 12 s. w. New Brunswick. The surface is level, with some hdls on the w. ; soil, sandy loam and red shale, and, in some parts, highly culti- vated. Drained by Lawrence's brook and branches of Millstone r. It has 8 stores, cap. $14,300 ; 9 distilleries, 4 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $30,850. 12 sch. 360 scholars. Pop. 2,797. Southbury, p-t., New Haven co., Ct., 20 n. w. New Haven, 54 s. w. Hartford, 304 W. Wa- tered by I'amperaug r., which affords water power. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil, sandy loam, warm and fertile. The v. is situ- ated on Pamperaug r., and contains 1 Congrega- tional and 1 Methodist church. The street which passes through the town is broad, and ornament- ed on its sides by majestic sugar-maple trees. There are in the t. 9 stores, cap. $24,800 ; 3 full- ing m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 3 distilleries, 4 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $32,140. 2 acad. 61 students, 10 sch. 226 scholars. Pop. 1,542 . South Butler, p-o., Butler t., Wayne co., N. Y., 174 w. by n. Albany, 354 W. South Byron, p-o., Byron t., Genesee co., N.Y. South Cairo, p-o., Cairo t, Greene county, N. Y. South Cameron, p-o., Cameron t., Steu- ben CO., N. Y., 230 w. by s. Albany, 298 W. South Canaan, p-v., Canaan t., Litchfield CO., Ct., 43 N. w. Hartford, 340 W. It contains a Congregational and a Methodist church, an iron works, and an anchor shop on lioUenback r., and another at Canaan falls, on the Housa- tonic r. Limestone is found here, and lime of an excellent quality i,s manufactured and ex- ported. South Canebrake, p-o., Perry co., Ala., 70 s. Tuscaloosa, 832 W. South Canton, p-o.. Canton t., St. Lawrence CO., N. Y., 238 N. N. w. Albany, 500 W. South Carroll, p-o., Carroll co., Tenn., 114 w. Nashville, 799 W. SOUTH CAROLINA. South Carolina, one of the southern United States, is bounded n. by North Carolina ; s. K. by the Atlantic ; and s. w. by Georgia, from which it is separated by the Savannah river. It is between 32° 2' and 35° 10' n. lat., and between 73° 24' and 83° 30' w. Ion., and between 1° 45' and 6° 15' w. from W. It is 200 miles long and 125 broad, containing about 25,000 square miles, or 16,000,000 acres The population in 1790 was 240,000; in 1800, 345,591 ; in 1810, 415,115; in 1820, 502,741 ; in 1830, 531,458; in 1840, 594,393, including 327,033 slaves. Of the free population, 130,496 were white males; 128,538 do. females; 3,864 were colored males; 4,412 do. females. Employed in agriculture, 193,363 ; in commerce, 1,958 ; manufactures and trades, 10,325 ; naviga- ting the ocean, 381 ; canals, rivers, &c., 343 ; learned professions, &c., 1,481. This state is divided into 29 districts, which with their population in 1840, and their capitals,were as follows: Abbeville, 29,351, Abbeville; Anderson, 18,493, Anderson C. H. ; Barnwell, 21,471, Barnwell C. H. ; Beaufort, 35,794, Coosawhatchie ; Charleston, 82,661, Charleston; Chester, 17,747, Chester C. H. ; Chesterfield, 8,574, Chesterfieldville ; Colleton, 25,543, Walterborough ; Darlington, 14,822, Darlington C. H.; Edgefield, 32,852, Edgefield C. H. ; Fairfield, 20,165, Winnsborough ; Georgetown, 18,274, Georgetown; Greenville, 17,339, Greenville ; Horry, 5,755, Conwaysborough ; Kershaw, 12,281, Camden ; Lancaster, 9,907, Lancaster C. H. ; Lau- rens, 21,584, Laurensville ; Lexington, 12,111, Lexington; Marion, 13,932, Marion; Marl- borough, 8,403, Bennettsville ; Newberry, 18,350, Newberry C. H. ; Orangeburg, 18,519, Orangeburg C. H. ; Pickens, 14,356, Pickens C. H. ; Richland, 16,397, Columbia ; Spartan- burg, 23,699, Spartanburg; Sumter, 27,892, Sumterville; Union, 18,936, Unionville ; Wil- liamsburg, 10,327, Kingstree ; York, 18,383, Yorkville. Columbia, on the left bank of the Congaree, immediately below the confluence of Broad and Saluda rivers, is the seat of government. The seacoast is bordered with a fine chain of islands, between which and the shore there is a very convenient navigation. The mainland is naturally divided into the Lower and Upper coun- try. The low country extends from 80 to 100 miles from the seacoast, and is covered with ex- tensive forests of pitch pine, called pine-barrens, interspersed with marshes and swamps of a rich soil. The banks of the large rivers, and tho creeks of this region, are bordered with a belt of excellent land, producing cotton and Indian corn in abundance. The marshes and swamps in tliis district make fine rice plantations. After leaving the Low country, in proceeding into the interior, you first pass through a region of little sandhills, which have been compared to the arrested waves of the sea in a storm. This curious country, sometimes denominated the Middle country, continues for 50 or 60 miles, till you arrive at the Ridge, or Upper country, the ascent to which, proceeding from the Atlantic, is sudden, sou 629 SOU and somewhat precipitous. The Lower falls of the river are found along this ridge. The lowr grounds between the sand hills in this region are suitable for agriculture and pasturage ; but wiik these exceptions, the country below the ridge is barren, and scarcely worth cultivation. Beyond the ridge commences a beautiful and healthy country of hills and dales, and fine flowing streams of pure water. This whole region may be regarded as an elevated table land, and is generally fer- tile. At the distance of 220 miles N. w. from Charleston, the land is 800 feet above the level of the sea. From this the country rises gradually to the mountainous region to the w., where the great Alleghany range passes through the state, in several ridges, some of which have high peaks. Table mountain, one of the most conspicuous of these, is 4,000 feet above the level of the sea. The staple productions of the state are cotton and rice, great quantities of which are exported. Rice was first introduced in 1693, and is raised only in the low country, where the land can be irrigated by the tide, or the overflowing of the rivers. Indigo was formerly produced in large quantities, but it has given place to the more profitable crop of cotton. The sea-island cotton, produced in the islands along the shore, is of a superior quality, and is in great demand. In 1840, there were in this state 129,921 horses and mules ; 572,608 neat cattle ; 232,981 sheep ; 878,532 swine ; poultry to the value of ,$396,364. There were produced 963,354 bushels of wheat ; 3,967 of barley; 1,486,203 of oats ; 44,738 of rye; 14,722,805 of Indian corn; 299,170 pounds of wool; 15,857ofwax; 2,698,313 bushels of potatoes ; 24,618 tons of hay ; 51,519 pounds of tobacco; 60,590,860 of rice ; 61,710,274 of cotton ; 2,030 of silk cocoons ; 30,000 of sugar. The products of the dairy were valued at $577,810 ; of the orchard, $52,275 ; of lumber, $537,684. The minerals in this state are gold, iron, various ochres, marble, limestone, and some lead, potter's clay, fuller's earth, and other useful fossils. Charleston, at the confluence of Ashley and Cooper rivers, is much the largest and most com- mercial place in the state ; but its harbor is obstructed, at the entrance, by a dangerous sand bar. Georgetown, at the head of Winyaw bay, 13 miles from the ocean, will only admit small vessels. Beaufort, on the island of Port Royal, has much the best harbor in the state, but is not a place of much trade. Besides these, Columbia, the capital, and Georgetown, are flourishing places. The great Pedee river, 450 miles long, rises in N. Carolina, and runs through the eastern part of the state. It is navigable, for sloops, 130 miles. The Santee, formed by the junction of the Wate- ree and the Congaree, rises in North Carolina, and has a sloop navigation for about 130 miles. The Saluda is a branch of the Congaree. The Edisto is navigable for large boats 100 miles. The Savannah washes the whole s. w. border of the state, aud is a noble stream. There are several smaller rivers, among which are Cooper, Ashley, and Combahee. The most important literary institution in this state is the College of South Carolina, at Colum- bia, founded in 1804. There is a theological seminary connected with the institution. It had in 1840, 168 students. Charleston College was founded in 1785, and has about 65 students. There were in this state in 1840, 117 academies, or grammar schools, with 4,326 students ; and 566 com- mon and primary schools. There were 20,615 free white persons, over 20 years of age, who could neither read nor write. The Methodists, Baptists, and Presbyterians are the most numerous religious denominations. At the commencement of 1836, the Methodists had 37,503 communicants. The Baptists had 314 churches, 226 ministers, and 30,276 communicants. The Presbyterians had 90 churches, 70 minis- ters. The Episcopalians had 50 churches, 1 bishop, and 43 ministers. The Lutherans had, in 18 10, 24 ministers, 34 congregations, and 1,667 communicants. There are a few congregations of Ro- man Catholics, Unitarians, Friends, Universalists, and Jews. At the commencement of 1840 there were 14 banks and branches in this state, with an aggregate capital of $11,584,355, and a circulation of $4,439,404. The state debt at the close of 1840, amounted to $3,764,734. The exports of this state in 1840, were $10,036,769 ; and the imports were $2,058,870. There were 41 commercial and 41 commission houses engaged in foreign trade, with a cap. of $3,668,050 ; 1,253 retail drygoods and other stores, v\ith a capital of $6,648,736 ; 1,057 persons employed in the lumber trade, with a capital of $100,000; 125 persons employed in internal transportation, who, with 46 butchers, packers, &c., employed a capital of $112,900 ; 53 persons employed in the fishe- ries, with a capital of $1,617. The amount of home-made or family manufactures was $930,703 ; there were 3 woollen manu- factories, employing 6 persons, producing articles to the amount of $1,000, with a capital of $4,300; 15 cotton manufactories, with 16,355 spindles, employing 570 persons, producing articles to the amount of $359,000, employing a capital of $617,450; 4 furnaces, producing 1,250 tons of cast iron, and 9 forges producing 1,105 tons of bar iron, employing 248 persons, and a capital of $113,300 ; 5 smelting houses, employing 69 persons, producing gold to the amount of $37,418, with a capital of $40,000; 1 paper manufactory, employing 30 persons, producing articles to the amount of $20,800, with a capital of $30,000 ; 20 persons produced hats and caps to the amount of $3,750 ; 97 taimeries, employing 281 persons, and a capital of $212,020 ; 243 other leather manufactories, as saddleries, sou 623 SOU &c., producing articles to the amonnt of $109,472, employing a capital of $45,662 ; 8 potteries, em- ploying 49 persons, producing articles to the amount of $19,300, with a capital of $12,950; 127 persons produced machinery to the amount of $65,561 ; 26 persons produced hardware and cutlery to the amount of $13,465 ; 420 persons produced carriages and wagons to the amount of $189,270, ■with a capital of $132,690; 164 flouring mills produced 58,458 barrels of flour, which with other nulls employed 2,122 persons, producing articles to the amount of $1,201,678, and employing a cap- ital of $1,663,804; 1,2S1 persons manufactured bricks and lime to the amount of $193,408, with a capital of $72,445; 138 persons manufactured 586,327 pounds of soap, and 68,011 pounds of tallow candles ; 251 distilleries produced 102,238 gallons, employing 219 persons, and a capital of $14,342; ships and vessels were constructed to the amount of $60,000 ; 241 persons manufactured furniture to the amount of $28,155, with a capital of $133,600 ; 111 brick or stone houses, and 1,594 wooden houses were erected, employing 2,398 persons, at a cost of $1,527,576 ; 16 printing offices, and 7 binderies, 3 daily, 12 weekly, and 2 semi-weekly newspapers, and 4 periodicals, employed 164 persons, and a capital of $131,300. The amount of capital employed in manufac. was $3,216,970. The first constitution of South Carolina was formed in 1775 ; the present constitution was adopted in 1790. The governor is elected for 2 years by a joint vote of both houses of the assembly. After having served one term, he is ineligible for the next 4 years. A lieutenant-governor is chosen in the same manner and for the same period. The senate consists of 45 members, elected by districts for 4 years. The house of representalives consists of 124 members, apportioned among the several districts, according to the number of white inhabitants, and taxation ; and are elected for 2 years. The representatives and one half the senators are chosen every second year, in October. The legislature meets annually in Columbia, on the fourth Monday nf November. The chancellor and judges of the supreme court are chosen by the joint ballot of both houses of the assembly, and hold their offices during good behavior. Every free white male citizen of 21 years of age, who has resided in the state 2 years immediately preceding the election, and having been possessed of a freehold of 50 acres of land, or a town lot, 6 months before the election ; or not possessing tliis freehold, who shall have resided in the election district in which he offers to vote, 6 months before the election, and have paid a tax of 3 shillings sterling to the support of the government, possesses the right of suffrage. South Carolina has some important works of internal improvement. The Santee canal extends 22 miles from Charleston harbor to the Santee river, and was finished in 1802, at a cost of $650,667. Through this canal and the improvement of the Santee and Congaree rivers, a boatable communi- cation has been opened from Charleston to Columbia. Winyaw canal extends 7h miles from Winyaw bay to Kinlock creek, a branch of the Santee river. The navigation of the Catawba river lias been improved by 5 short canals, with an aggregate length of about lU miles. Saluda canal extends from the head of Saluda Shoals to Granby Ferry, 6i miles. Besides these, there are three other short canals to avoid obstructions of falls or shoals in rivers. The South Carolina railroad commences at Charleston and extends 135f miles to Hamburg. This road was commenced in 1830 and completed in 1834, at a cost of $1,750,000. It has since been sold to the Louisville, Cincinnati and Charleston Railroad Company for $2,400,000, paid for in the stock of the latter company. The entire length of this road from Charleston to Cincinnati will be 718 miles. The Branchville and Columbia railroad extends from Branchville, on the South Carolina railroad, 66 miles to Columbia. This is to form a part of the Charleston, Louisville, and Cincinnati railroad. The fi.'st settlement of this state was made under Governor Sayle, at Port Royal, in 1670. The next year they settled Charleston above its present site, but 9 years after they abandoned that set- tlement and began to build Charleston where it now stands. In 1682 the province was divided into 3 counties. A colony of French refugees, in 1690, exiled by the revocation of the edict of Nantz, settled in Carolina ; and from them many of its respectable inhabitants are descended. The Church of England was established by law, in 1703. The colonists throughout the Carolinas threw off the proprietary government in 1719, and established one for themselves. The next year the privy council sanctioned the proceeding, and in 1729, the parliament purchased the country of the proprietors, as mentioned in the account of North Carolina. The country was then divided and this portion received its present name of South Carolina. At different times colonies of Swiss, of Germans, and of Irish have settled in this state. In 1752, 1,600 foreign protestants arrived in Carolina. This state early suffered much from wars with the Indians. This state was early in its resistance of the aggressions of the mother country, and bore its part in the revolutionary war. The British troops occupied Charleston, and a considerable part of the state in 1780. Several battles were fought here during that and the succeeding year, the most important of which was that of the Eutavv Springs, in 1781, which in effect terminated the war in this state. In conven- tion. May 23d, 1788, tliis state adopted the constitution of the United States ; yeas 149, nays 73— majority 76. sou 624 SOU South Cass, p-o.. Cass t., Ionia co., Mich., 133 W. N. w. Detroit, 608 W. South Charleston, p-v., Madison t., Clarke CO., O., 12 s. E. Springfield, 55 w. Columbus, 415 W. It contains 6 stores. South Chesterville, p-o., Chesterville t., Franklin co.. Me., 22 n. w. Augusta, 612 W. South Chili, p-o.. Chili t., Monroe co., N. Y., 234 w. by N. Albany, 375 W. South China, p-o., China t,, Kennebec co.. Me., 14 N. E. Augusta, 609 W. South Columbia, p-o., Columbia 1., Herkimer CO., N. Y., 72 N. by w. Albany, 376 W. South Corinth, p-o., Corinth t., Saratoga co., N. Y., 47 N. w. Albany, 417 W. South Cortland, p-o., Cortlandville t., Cort- land CO., N. Y., 151 w. by s. Albany, 313 W. SouTJi Coventry, p-o., Coventry t., Tolland CO., Ct., 22 n. e. Hartford, 35S W. South Creek, p-t., Bradford co.. Pa., 163 n. Harrisburg, 270 W. It has 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. .$4,600. 5 sch. 175 scholars. Pop. 484. South Danby, p-o., Danby t., Tompkins co., N. Y., 171 w. Albany, 292 W. South Dansville, p-o., Dansville t., Steuben co.,N. Y. South Dartmouth, p-o., Dartmouth t., Bris- tol CO., Mass., 62 s. Boston, 43-i W. South Deerfield, p-v., Deerfield t., Rock- Ligham co., N. H., 18 e. s. e. Concord, 472 W. South Deerfield, p-v., Deerfield t., Frank- lin CO., Mass., 91 w. by n. Boston, 394 W. It con- tains a Congregation;:.! church. South Deer Isle, p-o., Hancock co., Me., 97 E. by s. Augusta, 693 W. South Dennis, p-o., Dennis t., Barnstable co., Mass., 84 s. e. Boston, 485 W. South Dickinson, p-o. Dickinson t., Franklin CO., N. Y. South Dover, p-o., Dover t, Piscataquis co., Me., 83 N. n. e. Augusta, 635 W. South Dover, p-o., Dover t., Dutchess co., N. Y., 80 s. Albany, 307 W. South Durham, p-o., Durham t., Cumberland CO., Me., 28 s. w. Augusta, 567 W. South Durham, p-o., Durham t., Greene co., N. Y., 50 s. s. w. Albany, 352 W. Southeast, p-t., Putnam co., N. Y., 107 s. Al- bany, 291 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, fertile. Drained by Croton r. It has 8 stores, capital $16,500 ; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 paper fac, 6 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $32,325. 13 sch. 543 scholars. Pop. 1,910. Southeast, t., Orange co., la. It has 4 sch. 105 scholars. Pop. 1,247. South Easton, p-o., Easton t., Washington CO., N. Y., 30 Albany, 400 W. South Easton, b., Northampton co.. Pa. Sit- uated on the s. bank of the Lehigh r., opposite to Easton. Here is a good water power, derived from the waste water of the Lehigh canal. It has 5 stores, cap. $18,000; 2 furnaces, 1 forge, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $71,100. 2 sch. 71 scholars. Pop. 661. South Edmeston, p-o., Edmeston t., Otsego CO., N. Y., 93 w. Albany, 351 VV. South Edwards, p-o., Edwards t., St. Law- rence CO., N. Y., 191 N. w. Albany, 460 W. South Egremont, p-v., Egremont t., Berk- shire CO., Mass. South Farms, p-v., Litchfield t., Litchfield co., Ct., 40 w. Hartford, 318 W. It contains 1 Con- gregational church, an academy, 1 store, and a number of dwellings. SouTHFiELD, t., Richmond co., N. Y., 2 e. Richmond v., 155 s. Albany. Situated on Staten Island. The surface is hilly on the n., level on the s., with extensive tracts or marsh or salt meadow. The Narrows and Lower bay of New York bound it on the s. e. It has excellent shad fisheries. It contains Fort Tompkins and Fort Richmond on its e. border. It has 7 stores, cap. $4,020 ; 1 printing oflice, 1 vv'eekly newspaper, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m. Pop. 1,619. Southfield, p-t., Oakland co., Mich., 17 n. Detroit, 540 W. Watered by the n. branch of Rouge r. It has 2 .stores, cap. $6,800 ; 1 grist m., 3 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $2,020. 9 sch. 325 scholars. Pop. 1,06 i. SouTiiFORD, p-v.. New Haven co., Ct. South Fork, t., Izard co.. Ark. It has 1 store, cap. $1,200; 2 distilleries, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,935. 1 sch. 22 scholars. Pop. 337. South Florence, v., Franklin co., Ala. Sit- uated on the s. side of Tennessee r., nearly op- posite to Florence. South Foster, p-o., Foster t., Providence co., R. I., 16 w. by s. Providence, 336 W. South Framingham, p-o., Framingham t., Middlesex co., 3Ias8. South Freedom, p-o., Freedom t., Waldo co., Me., 28 e. Augusta, 623 W. South Franklin, p-o., Franklin t., Delaware CO., N. Y. South Gardiner, p-o., Gardiner t., Worces- ter CO., Mass., 56 n. w. by w. Boston, 416 W. South Gidson, p-o., Gibson co., Tenn., 145 w. Nashville, 823 W. South Granville, p-o., Granville t., Wash- ington CO., N. Y. South Glastonbury, p-v., .Glastonbury t., Hartford co., Ct., 9 s. Hartford, 335 W. Situated on E. side of Connecticut river. South Hadley, p-t., Hampshire co., Mass., 88 w. Boston, 377 W. The soil is light, warm, and productive. Watered by Muddy r. Bounded w. by Connecticut r., which here has a fall of 50 feet in about 80 rods. Here the first canal on Connecticut r. was constructed, around these falls, and is 2 ms. long, has 5 locks, and, for a dis- tance of 300 feet, is cut, 40 feet deep, through solid rock. The falls here afford a great water power, much of which is yet unimproved. A dam 1,100 feet long is thrown across Connecticut r. Mount Holyoke is in the N. part of tiie t. The village contains a Congregational church, and Mount Holyoke Female Seminary. In the s. part of the t. is a manufacturing village at the termination of the canal, which contains 1 Congregational and 1 Methodist church. There are in the t. 8 stores, cap. $22,000 ; 2 full- ing m., 2 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 3 paper fac, 1 grist in., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $125,225; 1 acad. 119 students, 6 sch. 376 scholars. Pop. 1,45-t. South Hadley Canal, p-v., South Hadley t., Hampshire co., Mass., 92 w. Boston, 372 W. Situated on the E. side of Connecticut r., and contains 2 churches — 1 Congregational and 1 3Iethodist — and several manulaclorics. South Halifax, po., Halifax t., Windham co., Vt., 140 s. Montpclier, 416 W. South Hammond, p-o., Hammond t., St. Law- rence CO., N. Y. South Hanover, p-v., Jefferson co., la., 93 a. E. Indianapolis, 565 VV. South Hardwick, p o., Ilardwick t., Caledo- nia CO., Vt., 22 N. N. E. Montpelier, 533 VV. South Harpeth, p-o.. Davidson co., Tenn., 17 s. Nashville, 701 W. South Hartford, p-o., Hartford t., Oxford CO., Me., 27 w. Augusta, 593 W. South Hartford, p-v., Hartford t.. Washing- sou 625 SOU ton CO., N. Y., 55 n. n. e. Albany, 425 W. It contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Universalist church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 tannery, and about 20 dwellings. South Harwich, p*v., Harwich t., Barnsta- ble CO., Mass., 91 s. w.- Boston, 492 W. South Haven, t., Van Buren co., Mich. It has 1 tannery, 1 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $2,700. 1 sch. 13 scholars. Pop. 99. South Hawley, p-v., Hawley t., Franklin co., Mass., 114 w, by n. Boston, 408 VV. South Hero, p-t., Grand Isle co., Vt., 58 n. w. Montpelier, 531 W. It constitutes the south half of the largest island in Lake Champlain. The surface rises gently from the level of tlie lake; soil, loam, sand, clay, and marl, of vvliich the latter predominates, and very fertile. A ferry connects this t. with Colchester point; and a sand bar connects it with Milton, Chittenden CO., which is fordable when the water of tlie lake is not higli, though the water comes up to the sides of a horse. It contains a Congregational and a Methodist church. Limestone is found. It has 1 store, cap. §1,500; 1 tannery. Cap. in manufac. $940. 26 schools 1,601 scholars. Pop. 664. South Hill, p-v., Bradford co.. Pa., 150 n. by E. Harrisburg, 260 W. South Hill, p-o., Mecklenburg co., Va., 93 s. w. Richmond, 299 W. South Hingham, p-v., Hingham t., Plymouth CO., Mass., 18 s. E. Boston, 452 W. South Huntingdo.\, t., Westmoreland co., 'Pa. It has 9 stores, cap. $35,850 ; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 7 distilleries, I pottery, 7 flouring m., 15 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $50,601. 1 school 117 scholars. Pop. 2,793. Southixgton, p-t., Hartford co., Ct., IB s. w. Hartford, 321 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, fertile. Watered by Quinnipiack r., which af- fords water power. The Farmington canal passes through it. Incorporated in 1779. The V. contains 1 Congregational, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Baptist church, and an academy. It has 5 stores, cap. $15,700; 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $92,700. 9 sch. 427 scholars. Pop. 1,887. Southington, p-t., Trumbull co., O., 170 n. E. Columbus, 313 W. Pop. 889. South Jack.son, p-v., Jackson t. and co., Mich., 76 w. Detroit, 544 W. South Jefferson, p-v., Jefferson t., Lincoln CO., Me., 22 E. s. e. Augusta, 602 W. South Kent, p-v., Kent t., Litchfield co., Ct., 55 w. Hartford, 320 W. South Killingly, p-v., Killingly t., Wind- ham CO., Ct., 51 e. Hartford, 378 W. Sooth Kingston, t., capital of Washington CO., R. I., 30 s. w. Providence. The surface is uneven ; soil, gravelly loam, well adapted to grain and to grazing. It has the Atlantic on the s., and Narraganset bay on the e. It includes Point Judith, and is the largest t. in the state. It has 1 large salt pond, and 20 fresh water ponds, one of which contains 3 or 4,000 acres. Its fish- eries are valuable, and many of its inhabitants are employed in navigation. Near the centre is a v., called Nortli Kingston, which contains a court house, jail, a Congregational church, a bank, and about 30 dwellings. Another v. in its s. E. part contains an Episcopal church. There are in the t. besides, 3 churches — 2 Friends and 1 Baptist. First settled in 1670. The Stoning- ton and Providence railroad passes through it. There are in the t. 27 stores, cap. $9,300 ; 11 full- ing m., 10 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 1,000 sp., 5 tanneries, 1 printing office, 8 grist m., 4 saw m. 79 Cap. in manufac. $318,500. 1 acad. 30 students, 18 sch. 465 scholars. Pop. 3,717. South Kirtland, p-o., Kinland t.. Lake co., O., 163 N. N. E. Columbus, 349 W. South Kortright, po., Kortright t., Dela- ware CO., N. Y., 69 w. s. w. Albany, 349 W. South Lansing, p-o., Lansing t., Tornpkins co.,^ N. Y., 170 w. by s. Albany, 303 W. South Lee, p-v., Lee t., Berkshire co., Mass., 131 w. Boston, 3G5 W. South Leeds, p-o., Leeds t., Kennebec co., Me., 23 w. s. w. Augusta, 587 W. South Le Roy, p-o., Le Hoy t., Genesee co., N. Y., 242 w. by n. Albany, 364 W. Sou.th Levant, p-o., Levant t., Penobscot co., Me., 78 N. e. Augusta, 673 W. South Lincoln, p-v., Lincoln t., Penobscot CO., Me., Ill N. E. Augusta, 706 W. South Livonia, p-o., Livonia t., Livingston CO., N. Y., 22 w. Albany, 349 W. South Lodi, p-o., Lodi t., Seneca co., N. Y., 188 w. Albany, 319 W. South Lyme, p-v., Lyme t., New London co., Ct., 50 s. Hartford, 343 W. South Lyndeborouoh, p-o., Hillsboro' co., N. H., 41 s. s. w. Concord, 459 W. South Marcellus, p-o., Marcellus t., Onon- daga CO., N. Y., 144 w. by n. Albany, 340 W. South Marlow, p-o., Marlow t., Cheshire co., N. H., 52 w. by s. Concord, 456 W. South Me.ndon, p-o., Mendon t., Worcester CO., Mass., 37 s. w. Boston, 410 W. South Middleboro' p-o., Midilleboro' t., Plymouth co., Mass., 46 s. by E. Boston, 439 W. South Middletown, p-v., Wallkill t.. Or- ange CO., N, Y., 112 s. s. w. Albany, 285 W. It contains 3 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Meth- odist, 1 Presbyterian — 1 bank, 15 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 iron foundry, and 800 inliabitants. South Middletown, t., Cumberland co.. Pa, The surface is various ; soil, calcareous loam. Drained by Yellow Breeches cr., and its tribu- tary, Mountain cr. Letart spring, on its n. bor- der, gives motion to 2 mills. South Mountain crosses its s. part. It has 5 stores, cap. $5,900 ; 1 furnace, 1 forge, 1 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 1 distillery, 1 paper fac, 4 flouring m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,170. 1 school 60 scholars. Pop. 2,055. South Milford, p-o., Milford t., Worcester CO., Mass., 35 s. w. by w. Boston, 411 W. South Mills, p-o., Camden co., N. C, 232 e. N. E. Raleigh, 266 W. South Nankin, p-o., Nankin t., Wayne co., Mich., 15 s. w. Detroit, 532 W. South Natick, p-v., Natick t., Middlesex co., Mass., 15 VV. s. w. Boston, 424 W. South New Berlin, p-v., New Berlin t., Che- nango CO., N. Y., 106 w. s. w. Albany, 339 W. South Newburg, p-o., Nevvburg t., Penobscot CO., Me., 51 N. E. Augusta, 649 W. South Newburg, p-o.. Newburg t,. Orange CO., Vt. South Newcastle, p-o., Ohio t., Gallia co., O., 121 s. s. e. Columbus, 379 W. It is pleasantly situated on the n. bank of Ohio r., and contains 3 stores, a furnace, forge, and rolling mill. The principal business of the place consists in the mineral coal trade. South New Durham, p-o., Strafford co., N. H., 30 N. E. Concord, 32 n. w. by n. Dover. South New Market, p-o., New Market t., Rockingham co., N. H., 41 s. e. Concord, 48S W. South New Port, p-v., Mcintosh co., Ga., 108 s. e. Milledgeville, 7.0 W. South Newry, p-o., Newry t,, Oxford co^ Me., 68 w. Augusta, 608 W. sou 626 SOU South Norwalk, p-v., Norwalk t.., Fairfield CO., Ct. South Norridgewock, p-o., Norridgevvock t., Somerset cc, Mc., 31 n. Augusta, 626 W. SouTHOLD, p-t., Suffolk CO., N. y., 241 s. E. Albany, 321 W., 15 e. Riverhead. The surface is generally level. It has Long Island sound on the N., and Great Peconic and Gardiner's bays on the s. Fisher's, Gull, Plum, and Kobbins' isl- ands, belong to it. The v. is a scattered settle- ment, and contains 3 churche.s — 1 Presbyterian, I Methodist, and 1 Universalist. There are in the t. 28 stores, cap. $50,800; 23 sch. 1,071 schol- ars. Pop. 3,907. South Onondaga, p-o., Onondaga t. and co., N. Y., 138 w. by n. Albany, 341 W. South Orange, p-o., Orange t., Franklin co., 3Iass., 74 w. by n. Boston, 412 W. South Orleans, p-o., Orleans t., Barnstable CO., Mass., 97 s. s. e. Boston, 498 W. South Orrington, p-o., Orrington t., Penob- scot CO., Me., 67 N. E. Augusta, 663 W. South Otselic, p-o., Otselic t., Chenango co., N. Y., 119 w. by s. Albany, 339 W. South Oxford, p-o., Oxford t., Chenango co., N. Y., 115 w. by s. Albany, 322 W. South Owego, p-o., Owego t., Tioga co., N. Y., 169 w. s. w. Albany, 283 W. South Paris, p-o., Paris t., Oxford co., Me., 42 w. by s. Augusta, 590 W. South Parsonsfield, p-o., Parsonsfield t., York CO., Me., 84 w. s. w. Augusta, 535 W. South Plymouth, p-o., Wayne co., Mich., 23 s. w. Detroit, 524 W. South Point, p-o., Lincoln co., N. C, 177 w. by s. Raleigh, 416 W. South Port, p-v., Fairfield t., Fairfield co., Ct., 60 s. vv. Hartford, 277 W. Situated at the mouth of Mill r., at its entrance into a small bay of Long Island sound. It contains a Congrega- tional church, an academy, a bank, 8 stores, and about 70 dwellings. It has a convenient harbor for vessels of 100 tons, which is rarely frozen. It has an extensive break water, constructed by the government of the U. S. South Port, p-t., Chemung co., N. Y., 4 s. Elmira, 197 vv. s. w. Albany, 277 W. The sur- face is hilly, with broad alluvial flats on Che- mung r., which runs on its n. border. It has 3 stores, cap. $2,600; 2 fulling m., 11 sch. 5.53 scholars. Pop. 2,101. South Port, p-v., Racine co.. Wis., 110 e. s. E. Madison, 769 W. Situated on the w. side of Lake Michigan. It contains several stores, and about 500 inhabitants. South Pultney, p-o., Pultney t., Steuben co., N. Y., 216 w. by s. Albany, 312"W. South Quay, p-o., Southampton co., Va., 85 F. s. E. Richmond, 204 W. South Reading, p-o., Reading t., Windsor co., Vt., 64 s. Montpelier, 475 W. South Reading, p-t., Bliddlesex co., Mass., II n. Boston, 451 W. Incorporated from Read- ing in 1812. The principal v. is situated near Reading pond, and contains 2 churches, 1 Con- gregational, before which is a green of 8 or 10 acres, and 1 Baptist, and an academy. There are in the t. 10 stores, cap. $10,600. Cap. in manufac. $62,760. 1 acad. 75 students, 7 sch. 400 scholars. Pop. 1,517. South River, p-o., Middlesex co., N. J., 32 n. E. Trenton, 198 W. South Royalton, p-o., Worcester co., Mass. South Royalton, p-o., Royalton t., Niagara CO., N. Y., 274 w. by n. Albany, 394 W. South Rutland, p-o., Rutland t., Jefferson 30., N. Y., 156 N. w. Albany, 416 W. South St. George, p-o., Lincoln co., Me., 57 s. E. Augusta, 631 W. South Sale.m, p-v., Levvisboro' t., Westches- ter CO., N. Y., 118 s. Albany, 279 W. Situated on a small branch of Croton r., and contains a church, and about 25 dwellings. South Sandwich, p-v.. Sandwich t., Barn- stable CO., Mass., 64 s. Boston, 465 W. South Schodacic, p-o., Schodack t., Rens- selaer co., N. Y., 13 s. by E. Albany, 364 W. South Scituatf., p-v., Scituate t., Plymouth CO., Mass., 24 s. e. by s. Boston, 443 W. South Scituate, p-o., Scituate t.. Providence CO., R. I., 11 w. by s. Providence, 389 W. South Sebec, p-o., Sebec t., Piscataquis co., Me., 93 N. N. e. Augusta, 690 W. South Sekonk, p-v., Sekonk t., Bristol co., Mass., 48 s. Boston, 406 W. South Shaftsbury, p-o., Shaftsbury t., Ben- nington CO., Vt., 113 s. s. w. Montpelier, 411 W. South Shenango, p-t., Craw'ford co.. Pa., 252 N. w. Harrisburg, 302 W. It has 1 distillery, 5 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,500. Pop. 1,324. South Shrew-sbury, p-v., Shrewsbury t., Worcester co., Mass., 37 w. by s. Boston, 492 W. South Sodus, p-v., Sodus t., Wayne co., N. Y., 188 w. by N. Albany, 364 W. South Solon, p-o., Solon t., Somerset co., Me., 46 N. by w. Augusta, 641 W. South Solon, p-o., Stokes t., Madison co., O., 56 w. Columbus, 441 W. South Stephentown, p-o., Stephentown t., Rensselaer co., N. Y., 28 w. s. w. Albany, 373 W. South Sterling, p-o.. Sterling t., Wayne co.. Pa., 142 N. E. Ilarrisburg, 236 W. South Strafford, p-o., Strafford t.. Orange CO., Vt., 36 s. s. E. Montpelier, 500 W. South Sutton, p-o., Sutton t., Merrimac co., N. H., 29 w. N. w. Concord, 476 W. South Tam worth, p-o., Tamworth t., Car- roll CO., N. H., 53 N. by e. Concord, 537 W. South Trento.n, p-o., Trenton t., Oneida co., N. Y., 100 w. N. w. Albany, 397 W. South Trenton. (See Trenton, N. J.) South Tyri.ngham, p-v., Tyringham t., Berk- shire CO., Mass., 125 w. Boston, 364 W. South Union, p-v., Logan co., Ky., 158 s. w. Frankfort, 682 W. South Valley, p-o.. Cherry Valley t., Otse- go CO., N. Y., 63 w. Albany, 385 W. South Vassalborough, p-o., Vassalborough t., Kennebec co., 3Ie., 9 n. by e. Augusta, 604 W South Venice, p-o., Venice t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 163 w. Albany, 321 W. South Vestal, p-o., Vestal t., Broome co., N. Y. South Vinalhaven, p-o., Vinalhaven t., Hancock co., Mc., 90 e. s. e. Augusta, 640 W. Situated on an island in Penobscot bay. Southville, p-o., Stockholm t., St. Law- rence CO., N. Y., 223 N. N. w. Albany, 507 W. Southville, p-o., Erie co., Pa., 279 n. w. Harrisburg, 352 W. Southville, p-v., Shelby co., Ky., 31 w. N. w. Frankfort, 573 W. South Voluntown, p-o., Voluntown t., Wind- ham CO., Ct., 61 E. s. E. Hartford, 379 W. South Walden, p-o., Waklen t., Caledonia CO., Vt., 25 N. N. E. Montpelier, 53-i W. South Wales, p o., Wales t., Erie co., N. Y., 285 w. Albany, 356 W. South Wallingford, p-o., Wallingford t., Rutland co., Vt., 71 s. by w. 3Iontpelier, 452 W. South Walpole, p-o., VValpole t., Norfolk co., Mass., 20 s. w. Boston. Southwark, district of, a suburb of tlte city sou 627 SPA of Philadelphia, from which it. was separated, for certain local purposes, in 1762, and is ly m. long, and of the same breadth. This act was confirmed in 1794, when it was incorporated, to be governed by 15 commissioners, 5 of whom are elected annually, for tiie term of 3 years. It contains 76!) acres of level alluvial ground, and has nearly 5,000 dwelling houses, many of them hand.'iome and commodious, but a large proportion are frame or brick buildings of two stories. Most of the streets are paved and lighted, and have a watch. It is supplied with water from the Schuylkill water works. The navy yard, seve- ral ship and boat yards, and a marine railway are on Delaware r. A brick shot-tower is a lofty and conspicuous structure. There were in 1840, 5 commercial and commission houses, cap. $80,000; 252 stores, cap. $262,109; 9 lumber yards, cap. ,$203,000; 2 dyeing and printing es- tab., 1 tannery, 7 distilleries, 2 breweries, 2 pot- teries, 1 sugar refinery, 4 rope fac, 2 printing of- fices, 1 weekly and 1 semi-weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $390,560. 6 acad. 1,059 stu- dents, 40 tch. 2,070 scholars. Pop. 27,548. (See Philadelphia.) South Warren, p-v., Warren t., Worcester CO., Mass., 66 w. by s. Boston, 382 W. It con- tains a Unitarian church. South W.\rren, p-o., Bradford co., Pa., 155 N. by E. Harrisburg, 265 W. South Waterford, p-o., Waterford t., Oxford CO., Me., 54 w. by s. Augusta, 537 W. South Weare, p-o., Weare t., Hillsboro' co., N. H., 17 s. w. Concord, 472 W. South Wellfleet, p-o., Wellfleet t., Barn- stable CO., Mass., 101 s. E. Boston, 502 W. Southwest, t., Warren co.. Pa. It has 1 full- ing m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,300 ; 2 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 201. Southwest, t.. Orange co., Indiana. It has 3 sch. 80 scholars. Pop. 993. Southwest Bend, p-o., Cumberland co., Me., 36 s. w. Augusta, 369 W. South Westerloo, p-v., Westerloo t., Al- bany CO., N. Y., 27 w. Albany, 363 Albany. South West Harbor, p-v., Hancock co.. Me., 114 s. E. Augusta, 696 W. South Westport, p-v., Westport t., Bristol CO., 72 s. Boston, 436 W. South Weymouth, p-o., Weymouth t., Nor- folk CO., Mass., 15 s. by e. Boston, 443 W. South Whitehall, p-t., Lehigh co.. Pa., 87 E. N. E. Harrisburg, 180 W. The surface is level ; soil, calcareous loam, fertile, and well cultivated. Watered by Jordan and Cedar creeks. It con- tains a Lutheran church ; 4 stores, cap. 14,300 ; 2 tanneries, 5 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 oil ra. Cap. in manufac. $2,400. 11 sch. 535 scholars. Pop. 2,290. Southwick, p-t., Hampden co., 31ass., 10 w. s. w. Springfield, 103 w. by s. Boston, 359 W. The surface is elevated ; soil, fertile, adapted to grazing. Watered by a branch of Wesifield r. The v. at the centre has 1 Congregational and 1 Baptist church, an academy, and about 25 dwell- ings. A portion of land, 2 ms. long and 2 wide, projects s. beyond the other portion of the state line, forming a notch into Conn. Snice 1800, this tract has been determined to belong to Massa- chusetts, although it was before in dispute. This part of the t. contains a Methodist Episcopal church. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 2 pow- der m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,000. 1 acad. 45 students, 7 sch. 185 scholars. Pop. 1,214. Southwick, p-o., Wawarsing t., Ulster co., N. Y., 93 s. s. w. Albany, 293 W. South Wiluraham, po., Wilbraham t., Hampden co., Mass., 82 w. s. w. Boston, 373 W. South Willi amstown, p-v., Williamstown t., Berkshire co., Mass., 135 w. by n. Boston, 339 W. It contains 1 church, common to Congre- gationalists and Baptists, 1 store, and several dwellings. South Windham, p-o., Windham t., Cumber- land CO., Me., 60 s. w. Augusta, 519 W. South Windsor, p-o., Windsor t., Kennebec CO., Me., 10 E. Augusta, 002 W. South Windsor, p-o., Windsor t., Broome co., J\. Y., 131 w. s. w. Albany, 295 W. South WoLFBOROUGH, p-v., Wolf borough t., Carroll co., N. H., 37 n. e. Concord, 518 W. South Woodstock, pv., Woodstock t., Wind- sor CO., Vt., 55 s. 3Iontpelier, 484 W. South Woburn, p-o., Woburn t., Middlesex CO., Mass. South Worcester, p-v., Worcester t., Otsego CO., N. Y., 62 w. Albany, 363 W. Situated on Charlotte r., and contains a church, 2 stores, and about 125 inhabitants. South Wrentham, p-o., Wrentham t., Nor- folk CO., Mass., 36 s. by w. Boston, 414 W. South Yarmouth, p-v., Yarmouth t., Barnsta- ble co., Mass., 82 s. E. Boston, 483 W. South Zanesville, v., Muskingum co., O. Pop. 72. SowARD Town, p-v., Kent co., Del., 27 s. Do- ver, 1 12 W. So.xviLLE, p-v., Monroe co., Pa., 131 n. e. Harrisburg, 223 W. Spadra, t., Johnson co., Ark. It has 3 sch. 68 scholars. Pop. 1,451. Spafford, p-t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 18 w. Sy- racuse, 154 w. by N. Albany, 334 W. The sur- face is hilly ; soil, various. It has Skeneateles lake on the w. and Oti.sco lake on the E. It has 5 stores, cap. $2S,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $28,110. 10 sch. 700 scholars. Pop. 1,873. Spafford Hollow, p-o., Spafford t., Onon- daga CO., N. Y., 137 w. by n. Albany, 331 W. Spark's, p-o., Wilson co., Tenn., 39 E. Nash- ville, 653 W. Sparta, p-t., Livingston co., N. Y., 241 w. Al- bany, 336 W. The surface is, in part, uneven ; soil, clay loam on the hills, and sandy alluvion in the valleys, and moderately fertile. Drained by Canaseraga cr. Dansville branch of Genesee Valley canal passes through the t. It has 25 stores, cap. $37,205 ; 4 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 4 furnaces, 4 tanneries, 1 distillery, ] brewery, 4 paper fac, 1 printing office, 7 grist m., 16 saw m., I oil m. Cap. in manufac. $152,268. 1 acad. 12 sludents, 29 sch. 1,829 scholars. Pop. 5,841. Sparta, p-v., Hardiston t., Sussex co., N. J., 78 n. Trenton, 246 W. Situated near the source of Wallkill r., and contains a neat Presbyterian church, 3 stores, 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 4 forges, and about 40 dwellings, many of them handsome. Iron and zinc ores are found in the neighbor- hood. Sparta, p-o., Morris t., Washington co.. Pa., 219 w. Harrisburg, 246 W. Sparta, t., Westmoreland co., Pa. It has 2 fulling m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac $4,400, 3 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 632. Sparta, p-v., Bloomfield t., Knox co., O., 46 N. E. Columbus, 391 W. Sparta, p-o., Caroline co., Va., 51 n. by e. Richmond, 91 W. Sparta, p-v., Edgecombe co., N. C, 84 e. Ra- leigh, 270 W. Sparta, p-v., capital of Hancock co., Ga., 23 N. E. Milledgeville, 648 W. It contains a court SPE 628 SPO house, jail, 1 Methodist church, a female acade- my, 10 stores, 50 dwellings, and about 600 in- habitants. Sparta, p-v., capital of Conecuh co., Ala., 164 s. by E. Tuscaloosa, 925 W. Situated on Murder or., a branch of Conecuh r. It contains a court house, jail, a U. S. land office, several stores, and about 100 inhabitants. Sparta, p-v., capual of White co., Tenn., S3 E. by s. Nashville, a'JS W. Situated on a branch of Caney fork of Cumberland r., and contains a court house, jail, a church, and about 350 inhabi- tants. Sparta, t., Noble co., la It has 2 stores, cap. $5,000. Pop. 245. Sparta, p-o., Randolph co., 111., 141 s. Spring- field, 816 W. Sparta, p-v., capital of Buchanan co.. Mo. Situated on the head waters of Bee cr. It con- tains a court house, jail, and a number of dwell- ings. It is 8 ms. s. w. of Roubedoux landing, on the Missouri r. Spartanburg, district, S. C. Situated in the N. part of the state, and contains 1,050 sq. ms. Drained by Ennoree, Tyger, Fair Forest, and Pacolet rivers. Capital, Spartanburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 20,498, sheep 11,104, swiue 31,251 ; wheat 58,670 bush, produced, Ind. corn 722,751, oats 67,615, potatoes 2,532, cotton 1,595,303 pounds ; 39 stores, cap. $98,700 ; 2 fur- naces, 3 forges, 4 cotton fac. 2,207 sp., 8 tanneries, 37 distilleries, 2 potteries, 6 flouring m., 52 grist m., 41 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $160,030. 5 acad. 179 students, 17 sch. 375 scholars. Pop. wliites 17,924, slaves 5,687, free col'd 58 ; total, 23,669. Spartanburg, C. H., p-v., capital of Spartan- burg dist., S. C, 93 N. w. Columbia, 471 VV. It contains a court house, jail, a church, and about 350 inhabitants. Spartansburg, p-v., Randolph co., la. Spartapolis, p-v., Rockingham co., Va., 142 N. w. Richmond, 120 W. SpEEDsviLLE, p-v., Caroline t., Tompkins co., N. Y., 177 w. by s. Albany, 307 W. Situated on West Owego cr., and contains 1 Presbyterian church, 2 stores, 1 saw m., 1 woollen iiic, 1 car- riage fac, 90 dwellings, and about 500 inhabitants. Speedwell, p-o., Wythe co., Va., 269 w. by s. Richmond, 330 W. Speedwell, p-v., Barnwell dist., S. C, 114 s. B. w. Columbia, 610 W. Situated on E. side of Savannah r. Speedwell, p-v., Claiborne co., Tenn., 212 e. by N. Nashville, 508 W. Speerville, p-o., Bedford co., Pa., 83 w. by S. Ilarrisburg, 109 W. Speight's Bridge, p-v., Greene co., N. C, 79 E. s. e. Raleigh, 2S9 VV. Situated on Mockasin cr. The v. contains about 60 inhabitants. Spe.vcer, county, Ky. Situated a little N. of the centre of the state, and contains 250 sq. miles. Drained by the e. fork of Salt r. and its branches. Capital, Taylorsville. There were in 1810, neat eattle 5,913, sheep 8,495, swine 23,497; wheat 70,786 bush, produced, rye 14,083, Indian corn 321,765, oats 71,722, potatoes 3,998, tobacco 42,200 pounds; 14 stores, cap. $46,610; 1 tannery, 21 distilleries, 16 grist m., 9 saw ra. Cap. in manu- fac. $20,090. 2 acad. 118 students, 9 sch. 275 scholars. Pop. whites 4,650, slaves 1,911, free col'd 20; total, 6,5S1. Spencer, county, la. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 400 sq. ms. Ohio river bounds it on the s. Drained by Anderson's, Little Pigeon, Crooked, Big, and Sandy creeks. The surface is nearly level ; soil, productive. Capital, Rockport. There were in 1840. neat cattle 5,673, sheep 5,713, swine 17,942; wheat 18,338 bush, produced, Indian com 53,542, oats 17,719, potatoes 12,796, tobacco 96,407 pounds, sugar 2,706 ; 15 stores, cap. $43,160 ; 4 tanneries, 1 pottery, 12 grist m., 5 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $13,365. 19 sch. 300 scholars. Pop. 6,305. Spencer, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 53 w. Boston, 395 W. Incorporated from Leicester in 1753. The surface is elevated, being 950 leet above tidewater at Boston harbor, and is uneven and rough ; soil, lerlile. Watered by Seven Mile r., and oilier small streams, branches of Chicapee r. It contains 3 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Baptist, and 1 Univcrsalist. The v. near the centre contains 2 churches, and about 40 dwell- ings. There are in tiie t. 5 stores, cap. $9,200 ; 6 grist m., 9 saw m. 1 1 sch. 528 scholars. Pop. 1,604. Spencer, p-t., Tioga co., N. Y., 15 w. Owego, 179 w. s. w. Albany, 280 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly loam. Drained by Catto- tong creek and its branches. The v. contains I Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 5 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 tannery, 60 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. $33,650 ; 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 20 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,034. 429 scholars in schools. Pop. 1,532. Spencer, p-v., Davidson co., N. C, 191 w. Raleigh, 348 W. Spencer, p-t., Medina co., O., Ill n. n. e. Co- lumbus, 366 W. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m. 4 sch. 142 scholars. Pop. 551. Spencer, t., Guernsey co., O. Situated on the head waters of Wills cr. It contains the v. of Cumberland. Pop. 1,669. Spencer, p-v., capital of Van Buren co.,Tenn., 90 s. E. Nashville, 611 W. It has a court house, and a few dwellings. Spencer, p-v., capital of Owen co., la., 53 s. VV. Indianapolis, 621 W. Situated on the n. w. bank of N. fork of White r., and contains a court house, jail, 2 churches — 1 Baptist and 1 Method- ist — 4 stores, 1 oil m., 1 ropewalk, 1 copper and tin fac, and about 375 inhabitants. SpENCERPORT, p-v., Ogden t., 3Ionroe co., N. Y., 234 w. by n. Albany, 380 W. It is situated on the Erie canal, and contains 1 church, 7 stores, 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 furnace, 1 carriage fac, 45 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Spencersburg, p-v., Pike co., Mo., 88 N. e. Jef- ferson City, 892 W. Spenoertown, p-v., Austerlitz t., Columbia CO., N. Y., 29 s. s. E. Albany, 359 W. It con- tains 1 Presbyterian church, 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 plaster m., 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhab- itants. Spencerville, p-v., De Kalb co., la., 150 n. N. E. Indianapolis, 544 W. SpEONK, p-o., Southampton t., Suffolk co., N. Y., 228 s. s. E. Albany, 308 W. Sperryville, p-v., Rappahannock co., Va., 123 N. N. w. Richmond, 80 VV. Spiceland, p-o., Henry co., la., 33 e. n. e. In- dianapolis, 543 W. Spinnerstown, p-v., Bucks co.. Pa., 91 e. Harrisburg, 178 VV'. Split Rock, p-o., Essex t. and co., N. Y., 133 ' N. Albany, 504 VV. It derives its name from the noted split rock in Lake Champlain, which ap- pears as if cloven in sunder by some convulsion of nature. Spoon, river, 111., is made up by the union of several forks in Coffee co., and pursues a s. and s. E. com-se, until it enters Illinois r. on the w bide. It affords good water power. SPR 629 SPR Spoon River, p-o., Fulton cc, 111., ISi) n. n. W. Springfield, 837 W. Spotteuville, p-v., Stafford co., Va., 76 n. Richmond, 67 W. Spottswood, p-v., Amboy t., Middlesex co., N. J., 36 N. E. Trenton, 202 W. It contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Dutch Reformed churcli, 2 stores, 2 tobacco fac, and about 30 dwellings. SpoTTSVLVANtv, county, Va. Situated in the E. part of the state, and contains 408 sq. miles. The surface is uneven. Rappahannock r. runs on its N. border. Drained by head branches of North Anna and Mattapony rs. It contains the city of Krederick.sburg. Capital, Spottsylvania C. H. There were in 1S40, neat cattle 7,97], sheep 7,670, swine 12,455 ; wheat 5^,450 bushels produced, Ind. corn 3.12, SSD, oats 101,774, pota- toes y,787, tobacco 353,147 pounds, cotton 4,454 ; 8i stores, cap. ¥394,961 ; 1 furnace, 1 fulling m., 1 woollen lac, 4 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 37 grist m., 15 saw m., 2 printing ofiices, 4 semi-weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. .'i!il53,10O. 15acad. 415 students, 20 sch. 234 scholars. Pop. whites 6,787, slaves 7,590 ; total, 15,161. Spottsyi,v.\nia, C. II., pv., capital of Spott- sylvania co., Va., 71 n. by w. Richmond, 6i W. Situated on Po r., a branch of Mattapony r., and contains a court house, jail, and about 75 inhab- itants. Spout Spring, p-c, Campbell co., Va., 99 w. by s. Richmond, 185 W. Spraker's Basin, p-v., Root t., 3Iontgomery CO., N. Y., 47 vv. N. w. Albany, 393 W. Situated on the Erie canal, and contains 1 church, 2 stores, and about 20 dwellings. Spread Eagle, p-v., Radnor t., Delaware co.. Pa., 83 E. s. E. Harrisburg, 133 W. It contains 1 store, and 10 or 12 dwellings. Sprigg, t., Adams co., O. It contains the v. of Manchester. It has 9 stores, cap $9,790 ; 4 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. .$1,200. 4 sch. 103 scholars. Pop. 1,976. Spring, pt., Crawford co.. Pa., 257 n. w. Har- risburg, 330 W. It has 4 stores, cap. ,$8,000; 1 fulling ra., 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manuliic. $17,800. Pop. 1,616. Spring, t.. Centre co.. Pa. It has 4 stores, capital $9,000 ; 1 furnace, 4 forges, 1 brewery, 3 grist m , 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,000. 6 sch. 255 scholars. Pop. 1,793. Spring Arbor, p-t., Jackson co., Mich., 80 w. Detroit, 552 W. The v. is situated near one of the head branches of Kalamazoo r., on the site of an ancient Indian v. It contains a store, and a few dwellings. There are in the t. 2 saw m. Capital in manufac. $7,000. 4 sch. 127 scholars. Pop. 775. Springborough, p-v.. Clear Creek t., Warren CO., O., 84 s. w. Columbus, 470 W. Situated on the N. side of Clear creek, 4 ms. from the Miami canal. It contains 3 churches — 2 Friends and 1 Methodist — 6 stores, 16 mechanic shops, 1 wool- len fac, 2 flouring m., lOO dwellings, and about 8 JO inhabitants. It derives its name from a spring, which moves several mills. Spring Creek, p-t., Warren co.. Pa., 232 n. w. Harrisburg, 324 VV. The surface is broken and rocky ; soil, gravelly and stony, and scarcely capable of cultivation. Watered by Broken Straw cr. It has 2 tanneries, 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $19,250. 4 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. 435. Spring Creek, p-o., Greenbrier co., Va., 226 w. by N. Richmond, 261 W. Spring Creek, t., Miami co., O. It has 2 dis- tilleries. Cap. in manufac. $5,000. 7 sch. 333 scholars. Pop. 1,444. Spring Creek, p-o., Cherokee co., Ala., 149 N. E. Tuscaloosa, 630 W. Spring Creek, p-o., Madison co., Tenn., 121 w. s. w. Nashville, 806 W. Spring Dale, p-o., Alleghany co., Pa., 208 w. by n. Harrisburg, 239 W. Spring Dale, p-o., Springfield t., Hamilton CO., O., 110 s. w. Columbus, 500 W. Springersville, p-v., Fayette co., la., 64 e. by s. Indianapolis, 515 W. Springfield, p-t., Penobscot co.. Me., 60 n. E. by E. Bangor. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain, and particularly to wheat. Incorporated in 1834. Drained by branches of Mattawarakeag r., which afford water power. It has 2 stores, cap. $950 ; 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $3,206. 7 sch. 236 scholars. Pop. 546. Springfield, p-t., Sullivan co., N. H., 35 n. w. Concord, 492 W. Drained by the head wa- ters of Black r., flowing into the Merrimac, and of Sugar r., flowing into the Connecticut ; and it therefore occupies the height of land between Connecticut and Merrimac rivers. The surface is rough ; soil, fertile. Chartered in 1769. Re- ceived its present name in 1794. It contains several considerable ponds. It has 1 store, cap. $2,500; 1 grist m., 3 saw m., 7 sch. 430 scholars. Pop. 1,252. Springfield, p-t., Windsor co., Vt., 77 s. 3Iontpelier, 45J W. Bounded e. by Connecticut r. It has a fertile soil, adapted to grain and to grazing. Drained by Black r., which has im- portant falls here, affording great water power. At the falls, 4 ras. from its mouth in Connecticut r., is a flourishing manufacturing v. The mea- dows on Connecticut r. are extensive and very fertile. It has 8 stores, cap. $25,700 ; 6 fulling m., 2 woollen fac., 1 cotton fac. 650 sp., 1 furnace, 3 tanneries, 1 paper fac, 3 grist m., 8 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $106,500. 19 sch. 904 scholars. Pop. 2,625. Springfield, p t., capital of Hampden co., Mass., on the e. side of t'onnecticut r., 24 n. Hart- ford, 91 w. Boston, 363 W. Pop. 1830,6,784; 1840, 10,9S5. Incorporated in 1645. Watered by Chickapee and Mill rivers. On the r. are rich alluvial meadows, exceedingly fertile ; and back, the land rises and terminates in a plain, mode- rately fertile. The main street extends along the r. between 2 and 3 miles. The houses are well built, and many of them are elegant. Springfield V. has a court house, jail, 7 churches — 3 Congre- gational, 1 Bapii.^t, 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist, and 1 Unitarian — two banks, and one of the most extensive United States arsenals of construction in the country. A bridge here crosses Connec- ticut r. The armory is piea.sanlly situated, on elevated ground, half a mile e. of the village. The buildings are arranged on a large square, and consist of one brick edifice 240 feet by .32, 2 stories high, occupied by lock filers, stockers, and finishers; a brick forging shop 150 feet by 32 ; a brick building 6) feet by 32, 2 stories high, the second story forming a spacious hall devoted to religious worship ; a brick building 100 feet by 40, and 2 stories high, used as a depository of arms, and numerous smaller stores and shops. The water works are situated on Mill r., about 1 mile s. of the arsenal, on 3 different siies, called the Upper, Middle, and Lower Water shops, the whole comprising 5 workshops, 2-t forges, 10 trip- hammers, 18 water-wheels, exhibiting a great assemblage of waier-works. The whole estab- lishment employs from 240 to 250 workmen, who complete 45 muskets daily. The water power owned by the United States would admit of a great extension of these works. There were in SPR 630 SPR Springfield, in 1810, 63 stores, cap. $250,000; vulue of machinery maniifactiired, $120,000; hardware and cutlery, $25,000; 30 cannon and 14,00) small-arms ; 8 colion fac. 43,700 sp., cap. $l,650,0iX) ; 3 tanneries, 2 breweries, 3 grist m., 3 saw m., 4 paper fac, 7 printing offices, 4 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $2,631,500. 3 acad. 140 students, 36 sch. 1,512 scliolars. At the mouth of Chickapee r., where it enters tlie ('onnecticut, is C^hickapee village, 4 nis. n. of .Springfield, a fine manufacturing village in llie t. of Springfield, which has 3 churches — 1 Bapti.st, 1 Congregational, 1 Methodist — 4 cotton fac, 1 paper fac, 150 houses, and about 1,200 inhabit- ants. Springfield, p-t., Otsego co., N. Y., 8 n. Cooperstown, 61 w. Albany, 379 W. The sur- lace is elevated and hilly ; soil, fertile in the val- leys. The N. end of Otsego lake e.xtcnds to the centre of the t. It has 5 stores, cap. $19,500 ; 4 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 3 tanneries, 4 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap.'in manufac. $24,515. 16 sch. 800 scholars. Pop. 2,382. Springfield, p-t., Essex co., N. J., 8 w. New- ark, 52 N. E. Trenton, 217 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay loam and red shale. Rahway r. runs on its e. border, by tributaries of which it is drained. It is distinguished for its paper manu- factories. The v. is situated on Rahway r., and contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 5 stores, 2 grist m., 1 saw m., 10 paper m., and 200 dwellings. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. $22,300; 1 tannery, 11 paper fac, 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $158,694. 7 sch. 453 scholars. Pop. 1,651. Springfield, t., Burlington co., N. J., 5 n. e. Mount Holly. The surface is level ; soil, sand and sandy loam, fertile, and well cultivated. The inhabitants are mostly Friends, and they have 3 Friends churches. Drained by Assiscunk cr. and its branches ; and by tributaries of the n. branch of Rancocus cr. It has 3 stores, cap. $13,000; 1 tannery. Cap. in manufac. $6,320. 7 sch. 411 scholars. Pop. 1,632. Springfield, p-t., Bradford co.. Pa., 154 n. by E. Harrisburg, 261 W. The surface is hilly; soil, gravelly loam. Drahied by Eentley's cr., and branches of Sugar cr. It has 1 fulling m., 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,860. 12 sch. 413 scholars. Pop. 1,4S7. SpRiNGFiKLD, t., Bucks CO., Pa., 15 N. Doyles- town, 40 N. Philadelphia. The surface is rolling ; soil sandy loam. Drained by Durham cr., which affords water power, and by branches of Toliick- on cr. It has a v. which contains a church. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. $21,300; 1 full- ing m., 2 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 7 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $10,840. Pop. 2,072. SpiiiNGFiELD, t., Delaware co.. Pa., 12 w. Philadelphia, 4 N. Chester. Crum cr. runs on it.s w. boundary. It conUiins a church, 2 woollen lac, 3 cotton fac. 3,860 sp., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. (^ap. in manufac $65,950. 2 sch. 80 scholars. Pop. 860. Springfield, t., Mercer co., Pa. The surface is level ; soil, clay and loam. Drained by Ne- shannock cr. It has 4 stores, cap. $3,700 ; 2 tan- neries, 6 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $500. 13 sch. 476 scholars. Pop. 1,804. Springfield, t., Erie co.. Pa. Drained by Crooked, Elk, and Racoon creeks. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam. It has 3 stores, cap. $8,500 ; 1 fulling iTi.,2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,050; 1 sell. 18 scholars. Pop. 2,344. Springfield, t., Huntingdon co., Pa., 21 s. Huntingdon b. The surface is hilly ; soil, in the valleys, calcareous loam. Drained by Great Augliwick cr., and its branches, flowing into Ju- niata r. Iron ore is abundant. It has 1 store, cap. $4,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 pottery, 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac $6,245. Pop. 934. Springfield, t., Montgomery co.. Pa., 10 n. Philadelphia, 7 n. e. Norristown. The surface is rolling; soil, calcareous loam. Drained by a branch of Wissahickon cr. Near the v. of Flour- town is a church. It has 3 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 2 grist m., 1 saw m Pop. 695. Springfield, t., York co.. Pa. It has 4 stores, cap. $4,700 ; 2 tanneries, 16 distilleries, 4 grist m., 4 saw m., 2 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $26,400. Pop. 1,207. Springfield, p-v., Hampshire co., Va., 197 n. n. w. Richmond, 125 W. Situated on a branclii of Potomac r., and contains about 75 inhabitants. Springfield, p-v., capital of Effingham co., Ga., 23 N. w. Savannah, 133 e. s. e. Milledgeville, 678 W. It contains a court house, jail, 1 store, and about 80 inhabitants. Springfield, p-v., Greene co., Ala., 33 s. s. w. Tuscaloosa, 851 W. Springfield, p-v., capital of Livingston par., La., 65 N. w. New Orleans, 1,152 W. Situated on 'he w. bank of Notalbaney r., a branch of Tiekfaw r. It contains a court house, jail, and about 75 inhabitants. Springfield, p-v., capital of Robertson co., Tenn., 26 n. by w. Nashville, 708 W. Situated on the s. bank of Sulphur Fork of Red r., which flows into Cumberland r., at Clarksville. It con- tains a court house, jail, 2 stores, and about 275 inhabitants. Springfield, p-v., capital of Washington co., Ky., 63 s. s. w. Frankfort, 590 W. It contains a court house, jail, a bank, and 598 inhabitants. Springfield, t., Muskingum co., O. It has 7 sch. 263 scholars. Pop. 1,091. Springfield, p-v., Springfield t., capital of Clarke co., O., 43 w. Columbus, 436 W. Situ- ated on the national road, and on the e. fork of Mad r., which affords extensive water power. It contains a handsome court house, a clerk's office, jail, 1 male and 1 female academy, 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Methodist, 1 Reformed Metho- dist, and 1 Associate Reformed — 30 stores, 1 pa- per m., 1 grist m., 1 carding and fulling m., 1 brewery, I distillery, 1 printing office, which is- sues a weekly newspaper, 15 sch. 793 scholars, 400 dwellings, and about 2,062 inhabitants. There are in the t., exclusive of the v., 1 acad. 60 stu- dents. Pop. 2,349. Springfield, t., Gallia co., O. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,800 ; 1 distillery, 2 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac $1,950. Pop. 991. Springfield, t., Hamilton co., O. It has 13 sch. 69 scholars. Pop. 3,092. Springfield, t., Richland co., O. It has I sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 1,686. Springfield, t.. Summit co., O. It has 7 sch 208 scholars. Pop. 1,663. Springfield, t., Williams co., O. It has 2 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 359. Springfield, p-t., Oakland co., Mich., 37 n. w. Detroit, 561 W It has 2 stores, cap. $4,300; 1 saw m. Pop. 573. Springfield, p-v., Franklin co., la., 71 e. s. e. Indianapolis, 507 W. Situated on a small branch of Whitewater r. Springfield, t.. La Grange co., la. It has 1 store, cap. $12,000 ; 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,800. 4 sch. 59 schol- ars. Pop. 429. Springfield, p-v., capital of Sangamon co.. SPR 631 SPR and of the State of Illinois, 105 n. by e. St. Louis, 780 from W. Situated near the centre of the state, 4 ms. s. Sangamon r., on the border of a beautiful and extended prairie. It was laid out in 1822, and in 1823 rontained 30 families, living in log cabins. Its principal growth has been within 10 years past. It contains a state house, for the erection of which $50,000 has been ap- propriated, a court house, and market house, on a fine public square, a jail, a U. S. land office, 6 churches — 2 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 1 Baptist Reformed, and 1 Methodist — 3 acade- mies, 31 stores, cap. $266,000 ; 1 iron foundry, 4 carding machines, 3 printing offices, each issuing a weekly newspaper, and 2,571) inhabitants. It has been the capital of the state since 1840. Springfield, p-v., Jackson co., Iowa. Springfield, p-v., Madison co., Miss., 41 n. N. E. Jackson, 979 W. Springfield, p-v., capital of Greene co.. Mo., 158 s. w. Jefferson City, 1,073 W. Situated on J.he head branches of James fork of White r., and contains a court house, jail, a United States land office, 8 stores, and about 500 inhabitants. Springfield Cross Roads, p-o., Erie co., Pa., 270 n. w. Harrisburg, 341 W. Springfield Furnace, p-o., Huntingdon co.. Pa., 115 w. Harrisburg, 153 W. Spring Forge, p-o., York co., Pa., 31 s. Har- risburg, 92 W. Spring Garden, t., York co.. Pa. It has 1 store, 2 fulling m., 1 woollen iac, 2 tanneries, 6 distilleries, 1 pottery, 1 paper fac, 5 grist m., 1 saw m., 2 oil m. Cap. in manulac. $57,355. 1 sch. 32 scholars. Pop. 1,819. Spring Garden, p-v., Philadelphia co.. Pa., 100 E. s. e. Harrisburg, 140 W. It is in fact a constituent part of the city of Philadelphia, though under a separate charter, and governed by 13 commissioners, elected for 3 years. It con- tains the Fairmont water-works, the Eastern pen- itentiary, the house of refuge, the city hospital, anentensive floor cloth fac, 5 commission houses, cap. $25,000 ; 106 retail stores, cap. $234,650 ; 13 lumber yards, cap. $271,000 ; 4 woollen fac, 4 cotton fac. 7,802 sp., 5 dyeing and print estab., 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 3 breweries, 1 pottery, 1 paper fac, 1 rope fac, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $1,178,000. 8 acad. 702 stu- dents, 29 schools, 1,057 scholars. Population 27,849. Spring Garden, p-v., Pittsylvania co., Va., 154 w. s. w. Richmond, 241 W. It contains 1 Baptist church, 1 store, and several mechanic shops. Spring Garden, p-o., Jefferson co.. 111., 140 s. s. w. Springfield, 805 W. Spring Grove, p-o., Lancaster co., Pa., 64 e. s. E. Harrisburg, 99 W. Spring Groove, p-o., Iredell co., N. C, 139 w. Raleigh, 376 W. Spring Grove, p-o., Laurens dist., S. C, 66 w. N. w. Columbia. Spring Grove, p-o., Alachua co., Flor. Spring Grove, p-o., Warren co.. 111., 128 n. W. Springfield, 858 W. Spring Hill, po., Bradford co.. Pa., 163 n. by E. Harrisburg, 273 W. Spring Hill, t., Fayette co.. Pa. It has 6 stores, cap. $20,500 ; 1 forge, 1 tannery, 3 distil- leries, 1 glass house, 5 grist m., 11 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $23,683. 6 sch. 360 scho- lars. Pop. 2,335. Spring Hill, p-o., Chesterfield co., Va. 24 s. s. w. Richmond, 141 W. Spring Hill, p-o., York dist., S. C, 92 n. by w. Columbia, 415 W. Spring Hill, p-o., Monroe cc, Ga., 65 w. Mil- ledgeville, 720 W. Spring Hill, p-v., Marengo co., Ala., 71 s. by w. Tuscaloosa, 883 W. Situated a few ms. e. of the Tombigbee r., and contains about 125 inhab- itants. Spring Hill, p-o., Tippah co.. Miss., 214 n. N E. Jackson, 879 W. Spring Hill, p-o., Hempsted co., Ark., 136 3. w. Little Rock, 1,201 W. Spring Hill, po., Maury co., Tenn., 30 s. s. w. Nashville, 707 W. Spring Hill, po., Rapides par.. La. Spring Hill, po., Decatur co., la., 54 s. E. Indianapolis, 512 W. Spring Hill, t., Hempsted co., Ark. It has 2 academies, 70 students. Pop. 892. Spring Hill, po., Scott co., Mo., 213 s E. Jefferson City, 861 W. Spring House, p o., Montgomery co., Pa., 99 E. Harrisburg, 154 W. Spring Mill, p-o.. Independence t., Alleghany CO., N. Y., 269 w. by s. Albany, 297 W. Spring Mills, p-o.. Centre co.. Pa., 80 n. w. Harrisburg, 174 W. Spring IMills, p-o. Lawrence co., la., 81 s. s. w. Indianapolis, 626 W. Spring Place, p-v., capital of Murray co., Ga., 184 N. w. Milledgeville, 605 W. Situated 3 ms. E. of Connessauga r. Formerly a missionary station among the Cherokees. It contains a court house and jail, and about 150 inhabitants. Spring Place, p-v., Marshall co., Tenn., 66 s. Nashville, 712 W. Springport, t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 9 s. w. Au- burn, 165 w. Albany. The surface is rolling; soil, calcareous loam, well cultivated and produc- tive. Drained by small streams flowing into Cayuga lake, which bounds it on the w. It has 7 stores, cap. $35,400 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $2,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $105,750. 10 sch. 566 scholars. Pop. 1,890. Springport, p-t., Jackson co., Mich., 100 w. Detroit, 570 W. It ha.s 2 sch. 47 scholars. Pop. 294. Spring River, t., Lawrence co.. Ark. Pop. 545. Spring Ridge, p-o.. Hinds co., Miss. Spring Rock, p-o., York dist., S. C, 71 n. Co- lumbia, 433 W. Spring Rock, p-o., Clinton co., Iowa. SpRiNGTOvvN, p-v., Springfield t., Bucks co., Pa., 106 e. Harrisburg, 185 VV. It contains a store, and 8 or 10 dwellings. Springvale, p-v., York co.. Me., 86 s. w. Au- gusta, 515 W. Springville, p-v., Concord t., Erie co., N. Y., 287 w. Albany, 353 W. Situated on Spring cr., and contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Bap- tist, and 1 Methodist — an academy, 5 stores, 2 flouring m., 3 saw m., 2 tanneries, 2 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 1 cabinet fac, 175 dwellings, and about 1,000 inhabitants. Springville, p-t., Susquehanna co.. Pa., 173 N. n. e. Harrisburg, 274 W. It has 3 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,000. 1 acad. 22 students, 6 sch. 162 scholars. Pop. 926. Springville, p-v.. Big Spring t., Seneca co., O., 89 n. Columbus, 439 W. Springville, p-v., Lenawee co., Mich., 68 s. w. Detroit, 523 W. It contains a store, and a few dwellings. Springville, p-v., Greenup co., Ky., 134 e. by N. Frankfort, 441 W. Situated on the s. hank of Ohio r., directly opposite to Portsmouth. I Springville, p-v., St. Clair co., Ala., 83 e. n. 1 E. Tuscaloosa, 734 W. STA 632 STA Springville, p-v., Lawrence co., la., 81 s. s. w. Indianapolis, 631 W. SpRiNGw.vTb^R, p-t., Livingston co., N. Y., IG E. Geneseo, 2*26 w. Albany, 341 W. The surl'ace is hilly and rough ; soil, clay loam, well adapied to grass. Drained by the inlet of Hemlock lake. It has 3 stores, cap. i]8,3')0 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $1,000; 2 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 3 grist m., 21 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $51,736. 17 sch. 888 scholars. Pop. 2,832. Spring Wklls, t., Washtenaw co., Mich. It has 2 sch. 93 scholars. Pop. 916. SpRotTT Crekk, p-c. La Grange t., Dutchess CO., N. Y., 80 s. Albany, 307 W. SpRircE, p-o., 411)ion t., Oswego co., N. Y., 148 w. N. w. Albany, 3S2 W. Spruce Head, t., Hancock co.. Me. Pop. 12. SauAM, lake and r., N. H. This lake lies be- tween Sandwich, Holderness, Moultonborough, and Centre Harbor townships, and is 6 ms. long and 3 wide, at its greatest width. It ha.s a num- ber of islands, and is a beautiful sheet of water, surrouTided by picturesque scenery. The outlet is called Squam r.,aud llows into Pemigewasset r. SauAM, bay, Essex co., Mass., is situated on the N. of Cape Ann, and connected with Glouces- ter harbor, on the s. side of the cape, by a short canal, which crosses the isthmus that joins the cape with the main land. SauAM, v., Gloucester t., Essex co., Mass. Sit- uated on the N. s-ide of Cape Ann, and is inhab- ited chiefly by fishermen. It contains 1 Congre- gational, 1 Baptist, and 1 Universalist church. It has a good harbor, and considerable shipping. SauANKUM, p-v., Howell t., Monmouth co., N. J., 10 s. e. Freehold, 43 s. E. Trenton, 200 W. It contains 1 Friends church, 1 store, 1 grist m. and fulling m., and about 15 dwellings. It is surrounded by a pine forest, and a sandy soil. Square, p-o., Cayuga co., N. Y., 161 w. by n. Albany, 326 W. SauARE Pond, p-o., Tolland co., Ct., 26 n. e. Hartford, 362 W. The pond is situated on the s. line of Stafford, with an outlet flowing n., in- to Willimantic r. Staatsuurg, p-o., Hyde Park t., Dutchess co., N.Y., 61 S.Albany, 3.19 W. Stap'ford, t., Tolland co., Ct., 6 n. e. Tolland, 24 N. E. Hartford, 73 w. s. w. Boston. The sur- face is hilly and mountainous ; soil, gravelly loam, adapted to grazing. Watered by Furnace and Willimantic rivers, which unite in this t., and afford good water power. Bog iron ore of an excellent quality is found, and extensively man- ufactured, particularly into hollow ware. The V. is on an elevated plain, with a large open square in the centre, and contains a Congrega- tional and a Universalist church. There is also a Methodist church in the t. — (see Stafford Springs.) There are in the t. 8 stores, cap. $21,000; 1 fulling m., 5 woollen fac.,4 furnaces, 2 forges, 2 tanneries. 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $82,200. ■ 19 sch. 652 scholars. Pop. 2,469. Stai'Ford, p-t., Genesee co., N. Y., 243 w. by N. Albany, 377 W. The surface is generally level ; soil, clay and gravelly loam. Drained by Allen's and Black creeks. The v. contains 3 churches, 2 stores, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $25,500; 3 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 5 grist m., 8 .saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $87,435. 1 acad. 29 students, 18 sch. 773 scholars. Pop. 2,561. Stafford, t., Monmouth co., N. J., 33 s. Free- hold. The surface is level ; soil, sand, gravel, and marsh. Long Beach extends about 11 m.s. along the ocean, and is 1 m. wide on an average. separating Little Egg Harbor bay from the sea The bay is from 2 to 3 ms. wifle, and back of it is a salt marsh, ol' equal width. Drained by M;inahocking, Gunning, Cedar, and Westecunk creeks. It has 9 stores, cap. $3,212 ; 1 grist m., 4 saw m., 7 sch. 215 scholars. Pop. 2,149. Stafford, county, Va. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 335 sq. ms. Rappahan- nock r. runs on its s- w. border. Drained by Po- tomac and Aquila creeks, small branches of Po- tomac r. Capital, Falmouth. There were in H4(>, neat cattle 5,357, sheep 5,195, swine 9,068; wheat 30,516 bush, produced, rye 4,281, Ind. com 212,183, buckwheat 256, oats 68,166, potatoes 11,548, tobacco, 31,031 pounds, cotton 760,2S7 ; 7 stores, cap. $18,000 ; 1 tannery, 16 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,700. 11 sch. 195 scho- lars. Pop. whites 4,489, slaves 3,596, free col'd 369 ; total, 8,434. Stafford, p-o., Monroe co., O., 118 e. Colum- bus, 287 W. Stafford, C. H., p-v., capital of Stafford co., Va., 73 N. Richmond, 46 W. Situated on the N. bank of Rappahannock r., opposite to Fredericks- burg. It contains a court ho!ise, jail, 2 stores, and 83 dwellings. Stafford Springs, p-v., Stafford t., Tolland CO., Ct., 28 N. E. Hartford, 364 W. The springs have acquired much celebrity for the cure of cutaneous complaints. There are 2 springs, of different qualities. One contains a solution of iron, sustained by carbonic acid gas, a portion of ma- rine salt, and what is called natron or a native alkali. This is one of the most efficacious cha- lybeate springs in the United States. The other spring contains a large portion of hydrogen gas, of sulphur, and a small portion of iron. The first spring is on the margin of a branch of Williman- tic r., and the other a few rods w. of it. Here is a spacious and elegant hotel for the accommoda- tion of visiters, who are numerous in the summer season, and the country around is peculiarly ro- mantic. Staggvillk, p-v., Orange co., N. C, 31 n. w. Raleigh, 273 W. Stahler's, p-o., Lehigh co., Pa., 86 e. n. e. Harrisburg, 179 W. Stallings Store, p-o., Monroe co., Ga., 43 w. Milledgeville, 698 W. Stamford, p-t., Bennington co., Vt., 9 s. e. Bennington, 143 s. s. w. Montpelier, 404 W. The surface is very uneven, lying on the w. bor- der of the Green mountain range, and much of it is incapable of cultivation. There are 2 ponds in the N. part, one of which discharges its waters w. through WallooiTisac, into Hoosic r., and the other s. into Deerlield r. Drained by branches of Hoosic r. It has 1 store, cap. $2,500 ; 5 saw ni. ( 'ap. in manufac. $1,600. 4 sch. 99 scholars. Pop. 662. Stamford, p-t., Fairfield co., Ct., 77 s. w. Hartford, 263 W. I^ong Island sound bounds it on the s., on which is a good harbor, at the mouth of iMill r., for vessels requiring 8 feet of water. The surface is undulating ; soil, a fertile gravelly loam. Drained by i'Mill and Miannua rivers. The borough, near the mouth of Mill r., contains 4 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — 12 stores, a bank, 1 iron foundry, 1 rolling m., 1 wire fac, and about 750 inhabitants. A canal has been cut to the sound, 180 rods long, 30 feet wide, and 7 deep, at an ex- pense of $7,000. It has 17 stores, cap. $32,750; 2 lumber yards, cap. $3,500; 1 furnace, 1 Ibrge, 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly new'spaper. Cap. in manufac. $23,200. 14 sch. 431 scholars. Pop. 3,516. STA 633 STA Stamford; p-t.j Delaware co., N. Y., 61 w. s. W. Albany, 357 W. The surface is uneven and broken ; soil, well adapted to grazing. Drained by head branches of Delaware r. The v. con- tains 1 Presbyterian church, 2 stores, and 15 or 20 dwellings. There are in the t. 11 stores, cap. $44,728 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $S,100. 14 sch. 477 scholars. Pop. 1,G86. Stampers Creek, t., Orange co., la. It has 6 sch. 215 scholars. Pop. 699. Stamping Ground, p-o., Scott co., Ky., 21 n. E. Frankfort, 531 W. Stanardsville, p-v., capital of Greene co., Va., 95 N. w. Richmond, 114 VV. Situated near the Blue Ridge, and contains a court house, 5 stores, 1 tannery, 25 dwelling.s, and about 150 inhabitants. Standing Peach Tree, p-o., De Kalb co., Ga., 101 N. w. Milledgeville, 687 W. Standing Rock, po., Stewart co., Tenii., 84 w. N. w. Nashville, 762 W. Standing Stone^ p-o., Bradford co., Pa., 140 N. by E. Harrisburg, 250 W. Standish, p-t., Cumberland co.. Me., 62 s. s. w. Augusta, 538 W. Sebago lake lies on its n. border. The soil is fertile. Incorporated in 1785. It has 8 stores, cap. $5,500; 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manUfac. $3,600. 17 sch. 483 scholars. Pop. 2,198. Stanford, t., Dutchess co., N. Y., 16 n. e. Poughkeepsie, 72 s. by e. Albany. The surface is hilly and mountainous ; soil, gravelly and sandy loam, well adapted to grazing. Drained by Wappinger's cr. It has 6 stores, cap. $16,000 ; 2 paper fac, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. «27,800. 8 sch. 269 scholars. Pop. 2,278. Stanford, p-v., capital of Lincoln co., Ky., 52 s. e. E. Frankfort, 563 W. Situated on a small branch of Dick's r., and contains a court house, jail, a seminary, and 263 inhabitants. Stanford, p-v., Monroe co., la., 59 s. s. w. Indianapolis, 626 W. Stanfordville, p-v., Stanford t., Dutchess CO., N. Y., 67 s. Albany, 318 W. Situated on the E. side of Wappinger's cr., and contains 3 churches — 1 Christian and 2 Friends — 2 stores, 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., and 25 or 30 dwellings, inhabited mostly by Friends. Stanfordville, p-v., Putnam co., Ga., 21 n. w. Milledgeville, 642 W. It contains 75 inhab- itants. Stanhope, p-v., on the s. boundary of Byram t, Sussex CO., N. J., 60 n. Trenton, 230 W. Sit- uated on Musconetcong r., and on the Morris canal, and contains 2 stores, 3 forges, and about 30 dwellings. The r. here afTords good water power, by a fall of 30 feet, produced by leading it from its bed ; and the canal, by an inclined plain, overcomes an elevation of 76 feet. Stanhope, p-v., Monroe co., Pa., 128 n. e. Harrisburg, 222 W. Stanhope, p-v., Nash co., N. C, 32 e. by n. Raleigh, 266 W. Stanly, county, N. C. Situated in the s. part of the stale, and contains 230 sq. ms. It has the Yadkin r. on the e. Drained by branches of Rocky r. Stantonsburg, p-v., Edgecombe co., N. C, 71 E. Raleigh, 231 W. Stantonville, p-v., Anderson dLst., S. C, 118 w. N. w. Columbia, 522 W. Stanwich, po., Fairfield co., Ct., 89 s. w. Hartford, 265 W. Staples, p-o., Campbell co., Va. Stapleton, v., Southfield t., Richmond co., N. Y. Situated on the e. side of Staten Island, 80 2 ms. N. of the " Narrows." It contains 1 Meth-' odist church and 1 Dutch Reformed chapel, at* tached to the Seamen's Retreat, 1 store, 1 print- ing office, 50 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants. Here is the Seamen's Retreat, an hospital for the reception of sick or disabled seamen, supported by a tax, levied by law, of $1.50 upon each mas- ter of a vessel, and $1 for each mariner on every foreign voyage, and 25 cents of each mariner for each voyage coastwise, which entitles each indi- vidual to the benefits of the hospital, while sick or disabled. Founded in 1830, opened Oct. Isty 1831. For a period of 10 years, 9,559 patients have been admitted, of whom 9,428 have been cured, relieved, or have died, and 131 remained in the hospital Dec. 31st, 1H40. The amount col- lected annually is about $27,000, in addition to which the Retreat has had a loan of $45,000 from the Marine Hospital, arising from alien passengers^ The building is 208 feet long, 52 wide, and 3 stories high, with wings 32 feet deep and 2 stories high, and cost $100,000. Attached to the build" ing are 37 acres of land, which cost $10,000. Stark, county, O. Situated toward the n^ E. part of the state, and contains 650 sq. ms.- The surface is level ; soil, fertile. Drained by Tuscarawas r. and its branches. Iron ore, min- eral coal, and limestone, are abundant. Thd Ohio canal passes through its vv. part. Capital^ Canton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 25,620, sheep 51,119, swine 32,240; wheat 753,977 bush, produced, rye 52,751, Ind. corn 273,225, buck- wheat 13,196, barley 5,043, oats 504,051, potatoes 156,672, sugar 96,638 pounds ; 22 commission houses, cap. $59,500 ; 105 stores, cap. $242,715 ; 3 furnaces, 1 forge, 1 1 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 26 tanneries, 26 distilleries, 11 breweries, 11 pot- teries, 5 flouring m., 31 grist m., 99 saw m., 2 oil m., 5 printing offices, 4 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $314/)99. 33 sch. 809 scholars. Pop. 34,603. Stark, county, la. Situated toward the n. Wi part of the state, and contains 432 sq. ms. Drain- ed by Kankakee and Yellow rivers. There are extensive marshes on the Kankakee. It us un- organized. There were in 1840, neat cattle 107, sheep 66, swine 357 ; wheat 504 bush, produced, Ind. corn 1,700, oats 174, potatoes 923. Pop. 149. Stark, county. III. Situated N/ w, of the centre of the state, and contains 288 sq. ms< The surface is undulating ; soil, very lertile. Drained by Spoon r. Capital, Toulon. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,461, sheep 1,322, swine 5,269; wheat 18,876 bush, produced, Ind. corn 61,655, oats 16,850, potatoes 8,112, tobacco 590 pounds, sugar 3, 130 ; 3 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 1 tan-^ nery, 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $500. 8 sch. 214 scholars. Pop. 1,573. Starks, p-t., Somerset co.. Me., 40 n. n. Wv Augusta, 633 W. Situated on the vv. side of Kennebec r., oppo.site to Norridgewock. Wa- tered by Sandy r., which here enters the Kenne- bec, anil affords water power. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Incorporated in 1795. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $600< 17 scb. 693 scho-' lars. Pop. 1,559. Stark, p-t., Coos co,, N. H., 10 n. e. Lancas- ter, 117 N. Concord, 578 W. The surface is very uneven and broken. First settled in 1788, and named Piercy. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 5 schv 75 scholars. Pop. 349. Stark, t., Herkimer co., N. Y., 12 s. E. Her- kimer, 69 Albany. The surface is hilly; soil, sandy and calcareous loam. Drained by Ots- quaga cr. It has 6 stores, cap. ,$44,150; 2 full- ing m., 1 cotton fac. 2,424 sp., 1 furnace, 2 tari' STA 634 STE neries, 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $61,828. 8 sch. 3S5 scholars. Top. 1,766. Starkey, p-t., Yates co., N. Y.. 10 n. e. Penn Yan, 188 w. Albany, 315 W. The surface is hilly; soil, clay loam. Drained by small streams flowing into Seneca lake, which bounds it on the E. It has 12 stores, cap. $34,500 ; 4 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 2 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 4 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $80,000. 14 sch. 1,832 scholars. Pop. 2,426. St.\rksbokougii, pt., Addi.son co., Vt., 42 w. by s. Montpelier, 498 W. The surface is moun- tainous and rough ; soil, loam, and in some parts fertile, but much of it is unfit for cultivation. Drained by Huntington r. and Lewis cr., which afford water power. Chartered in 1780. First settled in 1788. The religious denominations are Congregationalists, Methodists, Friends, and Free- will Baptists. It has 1 store, cap. $3,700 ; 1 full- ing m., 1 forge, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,800. 14 sch. 488 scholars. Pop. 1,263. Starkville, p-v.. Stark t., Herkimer co., N. Y., 62 N. w. Albany, 385 W. It contains 2 churches, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., and about 30 dwellings. Starksville, v., Hoosick t., Rensselaer co., N. Y. Situated on Walloomsack cr., and con- tains 1 store, 1 cotton fac, 1 grist m., and about 25 dwellings. Starkville, p-v., capital of Lee co., Ga., 133 s. w. MilledgeviUe, 778 W. Situated on a branch of Flint r., and contains a court house, jail, and a number of dwellings. Starkville, p-v., Oktibbeha co., Miss., 143 N. e. Jackson, 912 W. Starli.ngton, p-o., Butler co., Ala., 161 s. s. E. Tuscaloosa, 903 W. Starr, p-t., Hocking co., O., 59 s. e. Colum- bus, 377 W. Watered by head branches of Racoon cr. It has 1 school, 35 scholars. Pop. 622. Starsville, p-v., Newton co., Ga., 55 n. n. w. MilledgeviUe, 654 W. Starucca, p-v., Wayne co., Pa., 191 n. e. Ilarri.sburg, 285 W. State Bridge, p-o., Lenox t., Madison co., N. Y., 119 w. by n. Albany, 376 W. State Line, p-o., Franklin co.. Pa., 61 w. s. w. Harrisburg, 74 W. State Link,, p-o., Trumbull co., O., 197 n. e. Columbus, 306 W. State Line, p-o., Allen co., Ky., 157 s. w. Frankfort, 680 W. State Line, p-o., Floj'd co., Ga., 184 n. vv. MilledgeviUe, 693 W. Staten Island, N. Y., lies at its centre, 11 s. w. of the city of New York, and forms the county of Richmond. It is 14 ms. long and from 4 to 8 wide, and is divided into 4 townships. The surface toward the n. is hilly, but more level to the s. Richmond hill is elevated 307 feet above the ocean, and the view from its summit is extensive and beautiful, including the city of N. York with its harbor, islands and fortifications, and a pleasant surrounding country on Long Is- land and New Jersey, together with the lower bay, and a wide expanse of the Atlantic, con- tinually enlivened by numerous vessels and steamboats. The island contains several pleas- ant villages, and is crowned with numerous country seats. Several steam ferry-boats are continually plying between the island and the city of New York ; and the steamboats which ply to Newark, stop at several landing places on its .\. side. The fisheries, both for scale and shell fish, on its borders, are productive. State Rigiit.s, p-o., Oglethorpe co., Ga., 70 N. MilledgeviUe, 589 W. Statesborougii, p-v., capital of Bullock co., Ga., 133 s. e. by e. MilledgeviUe, 671 W. Situ- ated 8 ms. s. of Great Ogeechee r., and contains a court house, jail, and a few dwellings. Statesburgh, p-v., Sumter dist, S. C, 53 e. by s. Columbia, 493 W. Statesville, p-v., capital of Iredell co., N. C, 145 w. Raleigh, 382 W. It contains a court house, jail, several stores, and 220 inhabitants. State.sville, p-v., Wilson co., Tenn., 39 e. Nashville 642 W. Statio.n Camp, p-o., Estill co., Ky., 79 s. E. Frankfort, 545 W. Stauton, p-v., New Castle co., Del., 51 n, Dover, 106 W. Stauton, p-v., capital of Aimista co., Va., 116 w. N. w. Richmond, 156 W . Situated on Lewis cr., one of the head branches of Shenan- doah r., and is one of the oldest towns in the state. The land rises from the creek, and the streets, though narrow, are regularly laid out. It contains an elegant court house, a jail, 3 churches, an academy, several stores, 250 dwell- ings, and about 2,500 inhabitants. The Western Lunatic Asylum is located here, and has a beau- tiful and commodious building. Staunton, p-v., Granville co., N. C. Staunton, t., Miami co., O. It has 1 distil- lery, 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,750. 4 sch. 184 scholars. Pop. 1,220. Staunton, p-v., Macoupin co.. 111., 69 s. s. w. Springfield, 789 W. Situated on the head branches of Silver cr., and contains 1 store, and about 40 inhabitants. It is surrounded by a very fertile and healthy region. Steam ?iIills, p-o., Washington co., Ark., 196 N. w. Little Rock, 1,205 W. Stearnsville, p-v., Berkshire co., Mass., 134 w. Boston, 379 W. Steel Creek, p-o., Mecklenburg co., N. C, 170 w. s. w. Raleigh, 409 W. Steele's, p-o., Anderson dist., S. C, 135 w. N. w. Columbia, 53S W. Steele's, p-o.. Rush co., la., 48 e.s. e. Indian- apolis, 520 W. Steele's Mills, p-o., Randolph co.. III., 159 s. Springfield, 851 W. Steele's Tavern, p-o., Augusta co., Va., 129 w. N. w. Richmond, 171 W. Steelville, p-v., Chester co.. Pa. Steelville, p-v., capital of Crawford co., Mo., 75 s. s. E. Jefferson City, 'J23 W. Situated on the s. side of 3Iaraniecr., and contains a court house, jail, and several dwellings. The country around abounds with iron ore. Stell's Mills, p-o., Conway co., Ark., 60 n. w. Little Rock, 1,125 W. Stephensport, pv., Brerkenridge co., Ky., 125 w. s. w. Frankfort, 667 W. Stephenson, county. III. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains SlWsq. ms.. Wa- tered by Pckaionica r. and branches. Capital, Freeport. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,103, sheep 741, swine 9,623; wheat 46,203 bush, produced, Ind. corn 96,974, buckwheat 1,101, barley 3,714, oats 52,218, potatoes 45,137, tobac- co 2,021 pounds, sugar 6,543 ; 7 stores, cap. $10,500; 1 tannery, 5 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,415. 10 sch. 177 scholars. Pop. 2,800. Stefhentown, p-t., Rensselaer co., N. Y., 28 E. s. E. Albany, 376 W. The surface is hilly and mountainous, with a valley extending through the centre from n. to s., through which flows Kuiderhook r., by which it is watered. The soil STE 635 STE is fertile, well adapted to grazing. It has 6 stores, cap. $13,500; 1 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 1,648 sp., 4 grist m., 10 sawm. Cap. in manufac. $26,500. 13 sch. 915 scholars. Pop. 2,753. Stepnev, p-v., Monroe t., Fairfield co., Ct., II N. Bridgeport, 58 s. w. Hartford, 2S6 W. Situa- ted in the w. part of the t., and the Housatonic railroad passes through it. Sterling, t., Lamoille co., Vt., 24 n. e. Bur- lington, 24 N. w. Montpelier. The surface is elevated and mountainous, and contains one of the highest peaks of the Green mountains. Wa- tered by small branches of Lamoille and Onion rivers. Chartered in 17S2, first settled in 1799. It has 2 saw m., 3 sch. 42 scholars. Pop. 193. Sterling, pf., Worcester co., Mass., 4 1 W.Bos- ton, 411 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, mode- rately fertile, with but little waste land. Wa- tered by Still r. It contains a pleasant v. with 2 churches, and about 20 dwellings. First settled in 1720. It has 3 stores, cap. $7,500 ; 2 tanne- ries, 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,900. 11 sch. 4,S5 scholars. Pop. 1,647. Sterli.ng, p-t., Windham co., Ct., 49 e by s. Hartford, 376 W. Taken from the n. part of Voluntown in 1794. The surface is uneven ; soil, a light gravelly and sandy loam. W'atered by branches of Moosup r., which afford water power. It contains a Baptist church. Here is a curious cavern, called the Devil's Pen, which has a room 100 feet in diameter. It has 3 stores, cap. $7,800 ; 4 cotton fac. 5,400 sp., 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 5 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $103,775. 7 sch. 259 scholars. Pop. 1,099. Sterling, p-t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 179 w. Albany, 362 W. The surface is level or undu- lating; soil, sandy loam. Drained by Sodus cr., flowing into Lake Ontario, which bounds it on the N. Little Sodus Bay of Lake Ontario lies in its N. w. part. The v. is situated on Sodus cr., and contains 2 stores, 1 flouring m., 2 saw m., 1 iron foundry, 1 tannery, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. There are in the t. 2 stores, cap. $7,500 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,410. 13 sch. 773 scholars. Pop. 2,533. Sterling, p-t., Wayne co., Pa., 146 n. e. Harrisburg, 240 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravel and loam. Drained by WauUenpaupack cr. and its branches, and by Lehigh r., which rises in this t. It has 6 sch. 130 scholars. Pop. 808. Sterling, t.. Brown co., O. Situated in the n. part of the co. It has 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 603. Sterling, p-o., Washtenaw co., Mich., 56 w. Detroit, 542 W. Sterling, t., Macomb co., Mich. It has 2 distilleries, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,000. 2 sch. 43 scholars. Pop. 677. Sterling Grove, p o., Greenville dist., S. C, 104 N. w. Columbia, 514 W. Sterlingville, p-v., Philadelphia t, Jeffer- son CO., N. Y. Situated on a tributary of Indian r. It contains 1 Roman Catholic church, 1 store, an extensive furnace, 20 dwellings, and about 125 inhabitants. E.vcellent iion ore abounds in the vicinity. Sterlingville, p-o., Luzerne co., Pa., 164 N. E. Harrisburg, 269 W. Sterritts Gap, p-o., Middletown t., Cumber- land CO., Pa., 22 w. s. w. Harrisburg, 110 W. Here is a remarkable gap in Blue mountain, presenting highly picturesque scenery. Stetson, p-t., Penobscot co.. Me., 18 w. n. w. Bangor, 71 n. e. Augusta, 666 W. The surface is undulating; soil, fertile, adaoted to grain. Watered by branches of Sebasticook and Sowa- dabscook rivers, and of Kenduskeag stream. Incorporated in 1831. It has 3 stores, cap $1,100; 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,550. 5 sch. 218 scholars. Pop. 616. Steuben, county, N. Y. Situated in the s. toward the w. part of the state, and contains 1,400 sq. ms. The surface is diversified with hills and fertile valleys; soil, adapted to grazing. Live stock and lumber are extensively exported. The Corning and Blossburg railroad meets the New York and Erie railroad in this co. Drained by Conhocton and Tioga rivers, and their branch- es. Crooked and Seneca lakes lie on its n. E. part. Iron ore and some mineral springs are found. Capital, Bath. There were in 1840, neat cattle 43,476, sheep 148,133, swine 34,309; wheat 390,275 bush, produced, rye 13,929, Ind. corn 102,974, buckwheat 80,311, barley 23,543, oats 387,980, potatoes 5-iO,959, sugar 341,948 pounds ; 101 stores, cap. $313,100 ; 19 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 31 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 4 flouring m., 38 grist m., 267 saw m., 3 oil m., 1 paper fac, 3 printing offices, 3 weekly news- papers. Cap. in manufac. $397,790. 4 acad. 384 students, 339 sch. 15,318 scholars. Pop. 46,138. Steuben, county, la. Situated in the n. e. cornerof the state, and contains 225 sq. ms. Drain- ed by Pigeon r., and Crooked and Fish creeks. Organized in 1837. Capital, Angola. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,031, sheep 873, swine 2,762; wheat 22,149 bush, produced, Ind. corn 31,906, oats 26,940, potatoes 15,866, tobacco 1,177 pounds, sugar 16,043 ; 6 stores, cap. $1,700 ; 4 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 3 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $31,034. 17 sch. 429 scholars. Pop. 2,578. Steuben, p-t., Washington co.. Me., 119 e. Augusta, 701 W. Bounded by Narraguagus bay on the s. e., and Goldsborough Harbor bay on the s. w. Dyer's bay and Pigeon Hill bay set up from the Atlantic, which bounds it on the s. Narraguagus r. runs on its e. border. It has sev- eral good harbors, con.siderable navigation en- gaged in the coasting trade and fisheries, and some ship building. Incorporated in 1795. It has 4 stores, cap. $1,425 ; 1 fulling m., 9 sch. 217 scholars. Pop. 884. Steuben, p-t., Oneida co., N. Y., 101 w. n. w. Albany, 407 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, moist clay loam, adapted to grass. Drained by ('incinnati cr., and by tributaries of Mohawk r. Butter and cheese are extensively exported. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000; 2 t-.inneries, 5 sawm. Cap. in manufac. $13,900. 20 sch. 639 scholars. Pop. 1,993. Steuben, p-v., Greenfield t, Huron co., O., 87 N. by E. Columbus, 399 W. It contains 3 stores and about 125 inhabitants. Steuben, t., Sieuben co., la. It has 1 sch. 26 scholars. Pop. 143. Steubenville, p-v., capital of Jefferson co., O., 141 e. n. e. Columbus, 264 W. Situated on the w. bank of Ohio r. Laid out in 1798, with streets crossing each other at right angles. In- corporated in 1805, and contains 6 churches, an elegant town house, with a market in the lower story, a bank, an academy, 30 stores, 1 steam paper m., 2 woollen fac, 3 carpet fac, 2 cotton fac, 3 iron foundries, 3 steam engine fac, 1 brass foundry, 3 machine shops, 3 steam flouring m., 1 silver plating fac, 1 steam saw m., 2 breweries, 3 copperas fac, 1 comb fac, 1 chemical fac, 1 ropevvalk, 1 boat yard, 2 priming offices, each is- suing a weekly newspaper, and about 700 dwell- ings. There are in the t. 29 stores, cap. $55,600 ; 1 furnace, 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 2 brew- STE em STO eries, 1 paper fac, 2 printing offices, 2 weelily newspapers, 4 flouring m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $221,050. 1 college, 208 students, 1 acad. 30 students, 5 sch. 591 scholars. Pop. 5,203. Steubenville, p-v., Steuben co., la., 170 n. N. E. Indianapolis, 545 W. Stevensburg, p-v., Culpepper co., Va., 91 n. N. w. Richmond, 82 W. Stevensburg, p-v., Hardin co., Ky., 91 s. w. Frankfort, 633 W. Stevens' Plains, p-o., Cumberland co., Me., 53 s. w. Augusta, 548 W. Stevensville, p-v., Bradford co., Pa., 159 n. by E. Harrisburg, 269 W. Stevensville. p-v.. King and Queen co., Va., 48 N. E. Richmond, 136 W. Stewart, county, Tenn. Situated in tlie n. toward the w. part of the .state, and contains 575 sq. ms. Tennessee r. runs on its w. border, and Cumberland r. passes through it, by numerous small branches of both of which it is drained. The 2 large rivers give it a ready access to market. Capital, Dover. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,285, sheep 6,999, swine 32,731 ; wheat 27,274 bush, produced, Indian corn 443,470, oats 60,631, potatoes 7,352, tobacco 993,495 pounds; 3 fur- naces, 3 forges, 4 tanneries. Cap. in manufac. $9,500. 8 sch. 215 scholars. Pop. whites 6,317, slaves 2,117, free col'd 153; total, 8,587. Stewart, county, Ga. Situated in the w. toward the s. part of tlie state, and contains 682 eq. ms. Chattahoochee r. bounds it on the vv., by branches of which, and by Kitehafoona r. and its branches, which flow into Flint r., it is drained. Capital, Lumpkin. There were in 1840, neat cattle 20,766, sheep 2,596, swine 34,422 ; wheat 13,114 bush, produced, Ind. corn 39S,640, oats 21,265, potatoes 46,340, cotton 4,981,937 pounds ; I tannery. Cap. in manufac. $500. 2 acad. 162 students, 10 sch. 315 scholars. Pop. whites 8,174, slaves 4,741, free col'd 18; total, 12,933. Stewart's, p-o., Choctaw co., Miss., 92 n. n. E. Jackson, 963 W. Stewartsboro', p-v., Rutherford co., Tenn., 20 s. e. Nashville, 679 W. Situated on Stone r., a branch of C^umberland r., and contains about 100 inhabitants. Stewart's Creek, p-o., Lewis co., Va., 321 W. N. w. Richmond, 289 W. Stewart's Draft, p-o., Augusta co., Va., 115 yv. N. w. Richmond, 157 W. Stewart's Ferry, p-o., Davidson co., Tenn., 10 Nashville, 674 VV. Stewartstovvn, p-t., Coos co., N. H., 148 n. Concord, 609 W. Bounded n. w. and w. by Connecticut r. The surface is uneven ; soil, fer- tile, particularly on the borders of Connecticut r. Great and Little Diamond ponds, in the e. part, flow E. into a branch of Androscoggin r. Drained by Bishop's brook and its branches, which (low into Connecticut r. The Connecticut, opposite to this t., is about 15 rods wide. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,000; 1 fulling m., 1 gri^t m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,050. 5 sch, 185 scholars. Pop. 630. Stewart.stown, p-o., York co., Pa., 44 s. by K. Harrisburg, 82 W. Stewartstovvn, p-v., Richmond co., N. C, 137 s. w. Raleigh, 422 W. Stewartsvjlle, p-v., Greenwich t., Warren CO., N. J., 56 N. N. w. Trenton, 207 VV. Situated on Merrill's branch of Pohalcong creek, about 1 mile s. of the Morris canal. It contains a store and about 12 dwellings. Stewartsvilee, p-v., Richmond co., N. C, 107 s. w. Raleigh, 403 W. Stilesville, p-v., Hendricks co., la., 28 w, Indianapolis, 599 W. Situated on the national road, and contains 1 store and about 75 inhabit- ants. Still Valley, p-v., Greenwich t., Warren CO., N. J., 48 N. N. w. Trenton, 204 W. Stillwater, p-t., Saratoga co., N. Y., 20 n. Albany, 392 W. The surface is level or undu- lating; soil, clay loam on the e., sandy loam on the w. Drained by Anthony's kill and other small streams, flowing into Hudson r., which bounds it on the e. In the n. part of the t. is the battle ground where Burgoyne was captured by the Americans, under Gen. Gates, Oct. 7lh, 1777. The traveller often surveys its localities with deep interest, as this great event nearly decided the question of American independence. It has 11 stores, cap. $24,150; 1 cotton fac. $2,028 sp., 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $57,600. 2 acad. 173 students, 8 sch. 389 scholars. Pop. 2,733. Stillwater, p-t., Sussex co., N. J., 77 n, Trenton, 234 W. The surface is hilly, and on the N. w. mountainous ; soil, calcareous loam and slate, and fertile. Drained by Paulinskill cr. and a tributary of it, flowing from Swartout'a pond. It has 3 stores, cap. $12,(X)0; 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $32,675. 12 sch. 300 scholars. Pop. 1,476. Stillwater, p-o., Tuscarawas co., O., 103 e. N. e. Columbus, 302 W. The stream which gives to it its name is a branch of Tuscarawas r., af- fording extensive water power, and having salt springs on ils banks, and entering the r. a few ms. below New Philadelphia. Stillwell, p-o., Hanover t., Butler co., O., Ill w. s. w. Columbus, 501 W. Stinnett's, p-o., Pope co.. Ark., 89 N. w. Lit- tle Rock, 1,154 W. Stipp's iliLL, p-o., Franklin co., la., 64 E. s. E. Indianapolis, 530 W. Stockbridge, p-t., Windsor co., Vt., 42 s. by w. Montpelier, 475 W. The surface is elevated and uneven ; soil, well adapted to grazing. White r. passes through ils n. part, and in one place is compressed into a channel only a few feet wide, where it affords good water power. Watered by a branch of Tweed r. Steatite or soapstone is found in considerable quantities. Chartered in 1761 ; first settled in 1785 ; organ- ized in 1792. It has 2 stores, cap. $16,000; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $30,500. 10 sch. 437 scholars. Pop. 1,418. Stockbriuge, p-t., Berkshire co., Mass., 133 w. Boston, 363 W. The surface is moderately uneven, with extensive alluvial meadows ; soil, generally fertile, especially on the streams. Wa- tered by Housatonic r. Marble and limestone arc extensively found. The v. is pleasantly sit- uated on a plain, on the n. side of Housatonic r., and contains 1 Congregational and 1 Baptist church, a bank, an academy, and about 40 dwell, ings, many of them handsome. There is another Congregational church n. w. of the v. A tribe of Indians resided here from 1735, until their re- moval to Oneida, N. Y., in 1788, on a reservation of 6 miles square. There are in the t. 8 stores, cap. $25,200 ; 2 cotton fac. 3,800 sp., 1 furnace, 'i taimeries, 1 grist m„ 6 saw i». Cap. in manufac. $196,375. 12 sch. 322 scholars. Pop. 1,992. Stockbridge, p-t., Madison co., N. Y., 5 n. e, Morrisville, 113 w. by n. Albany, 366 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, fertile, generally well cultivated. Drained by Oneida creek. It has 4 stores, cap. $26,000 ; 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 7 saw ra. Cap. in mail' STO 637 STO Ufac. $17,900. 1 acad. 33 students, 13 sch. 747 scholars. Pop. 2,340. Stockbridge, p-f., Ingham cc, Mich. Pop. 385. Stockbridge, p-v., Calumet co., Wis., 121 n. E. 3Iatlison, 96S W. Situated on the e. side of Winnebago lake. Stock Creek, p-o., Scott co., Va., 360 w. s. w. Riclimond, 42S W. The creek here flows through a remarkable natural tunnel. Stockholm, p t., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 223 N. N. w. Albany, 507 W. The surface is hilly, and somewhat stony ; soil, a fertile mold, and heavily timbered. Drained by St. Regis r. and its tributaries. It has 3 stores, cap. $20,000 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen foe, 1 tannery, 1 pottery, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,050. 11 sch. 799 scholars. Pop. 2,995. Stockholm, p-v., Passaic co., N. J., 95 N. n. E. Trenton, 263 W. Situated on Pequannock cr., at the foot of Wallkill mountains. Stockland, p-o., St. Cha es co., Mo., 98 e. by N. Jefferson City, 840 W. Stockport, p-t., Columbia co., N. Y., 5 n. Hudson, 24 s. Albany, 316 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, clay and sandy loam, well adapted to grass, with a iertile alluvion in the valleys. Drained by Kinderhook cr., which aff'ords water power, and flows into Hudson r., which bounds it on the w. Columbiaville is the name of a manufacturing v. There are in the t. 11 stores, cap. $17,400 ; 3 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 3 cot- ton fac. 7,263 sp., 1 tannery, 1 paper fac, 1 flour- ing m., 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $S14,700. 1 acad. 22 students, 5 sch. 356 scholars. Pop. 1,815. Stockport, p-v., Buckingham t., Wayne co., Pa., 150 N. Philadelphia, 191 n. e. Harrisburg, 287 W. Situated on the w. side of Delaware r. Stockport, p-o., Morgan co., O., 82 e. by s. Columbus, 326 W. Stockton, p-t., Chautauqua co., N. Y., 7 e. Mayville, 331 w. by s. Albany, 333 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, moist clay on the up- lands, and a fertile alluvion in the valleys. Drained by Bear cr. It has 3 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,465. 14 sch. 761 scholars. Pop. 2,078. Stockton, p-o., Baldwin co., Ala., 192 s. Tus- caloosa, 934 W. Stock Township, p-t., Harrison co., O., 113 E. N. E. Columbus, 296 W. The name of the t. is Stock, but the above is the name of the post- office, situated toward the n. w. part of the co. It has 5 sch. 177 scholars. Pop. 935. Stockville, p-v.. Buncombe co., N. C. Stoddard, county. Mo. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and contains 900 square miles. White Water r. runs on its e. border, and St. Francis r. bounds it on the w. The surface in the N. part is broken, level on the s. It has exten- sive prairies and swamps. Capital, Bloomfield. There were in 1810, neat cattle 4,930, sheep 1,294, swine 20,356 ; wheat 7,506 bushels pro- duced, Indian corn 255,973, oats 7,005, potatoes 6,589, cotton 8,135 pounds; 12 stores, capital $12,430 ; 2 distilleries, 7 grist m. Cap. in manu- fac. $1,555. 3 sell. 80 scholars. Pop. whites 3,081, slaves 71, free col'd 1 ; total, 3,153. Stoddard, p-t., Cheshire co., N. H., 44 s. w. Concord, 443 W. The surface is mountainous and rocky, occupying the height of land between (^Connecticut and iVferrimac rivers, its streams flowing into both. The soil is well adapted to grazing. Incorporated in 1774. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,800 ; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $25,655. 13 sch. 295 scholarB. Pop. 1,006. Stoddartsville, p-v., Covington t., Monroe CO., Pa., 138 N. E. by e. Harrisburg, 235 W. It has 1 store, 1 mill, and 5 or 6 dwellings. Stokes, county, N. C. Situated in the n., toward the vv. part of the state, and contains 836 sq. ms. Drained by Yadkin r. and a branch of Dan r. The surface is hilly ; soil, fertile. Capi- tal, Germanton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,583, sheep 11,963, swine 31,017; wheal 74,989 bush, prod., rye 8,347, Indian corn 423,970, oats 107,756, potatoes 16,129, tobacco 596,103 lbs. ; cot- ton 56,431 ; 23 stores, cap. $81,000 ; 1 furnace, 6 forges, 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 2,000 sp., 8 tanneries, 140 distilleries, 3 potteries, 5 flouring m., 40 grist m., 26 saw m., 10 oil m. Cap. in man- ufac. $196,979. 2 acad. 223 students, 13 sch. 317 scholars. Pop. whites 13,418, slaves 2,632, free col'd 165; total, 16,265. Stokes, t., Madison co., O. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 6 sch. 305 scholars. Pop. 770. Stokes, p-o., Lee t., Oneida co., JN. Y., 115 w. N. w. Albany, 399 W. Stone Arabia, p-v.. Palatine t., Montgomery CO., N. Y., 57 w. N. w. Albany, 400 W. It con- tains a Dutch Reformed church, erected in 1788, and a Lutheran church, built in 1791, and about 15 dwellings. It is one of the oldest settlementg in the county. Stone, t., Hamilton co., O. It has 1 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 740. Stone Church, p-o., Bergen t., Genesee co., N. Y., 240 w. Albany, 375 W. Stone Church, p-o., Northampton co., Pa., 121 e. n. e. Harrisburg, 214 W. Stoneham, t., O.xford co.. Me. It has 5 sch. 146 scholars. Pop. 313. Stonp:iiam, p-t., 3Iiddlesex co., Mass., 10 n. Boston, 450 W. The surface is uneven and rocky ; soil, fertile, and extensively covered with wood. Spot pond, in the s. part of the t., covers 283 acres. The v., in the centre, contains a Con- gregational church, and about 40 dwellings. More than half the inhabitants of the t. are em- ployed in the manufacture of shoes. It has 5 stores, cap. $6,600 ; 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $29,110. 6 sch. 251 scholars. Pop. 1,017. Stonelick, t., Clermont co., O. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,800 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,250. 4 sch. 160 schol- ars. Pop. 1 ,477. Stone Mills, p-o., Orleans t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 176 N. w. Albany, 426 W. Stone Mountain, p-o., De Kalb co., Ga., 94 N. w. Milledgeville, 663 W. Stone Ridge, p-v., Marbletown t., Ulster co., N. Y., 97 s. s. w. Albany, 315 W. It contains 1 church, 4 stores, 1 tannery, and about 25 dwell- ings. Stoner's Store, p-o., Roanoke co., Va., 157 w. by s. Richmond, 236 W. Stonerstovvn, p-v., Bedford co.. Pa., 100 w. by s. Harrisburg, 126 W. Stonesville, p-v., Greenville dist., S. C, 97 n. w. Columbia, 493 W. Stone Wall Mills, p-o., Buckingham co., Va., 110 w. Richmond, 196 W. Situated on James r., 15 miles below Lynchburg, and con- tains 2 stores, and about 30 inhabitants. Stonington. p-t.. New London co., Ct., 12 e. New London, 60 s. E. Hartford, 355 W. The surface is uneven and rocky ; soil, fertile, adapt- ed to grazing. Watered by Mystic and Pawca- tuck rivers, which afford water power. It con- tains 3 villages, and has 3 churches — 2 Congre- STO 638 STO gational and 1 Baptist. At the head of tlie Mys- tic is a V. vvhii'h contains about 20 dwellings. The borough, or principal v., is on a rocky point of land, which projects half a mile into the E. end of Long Island sound, and has a good harhoi, protected by a breakwater, constructed by 'le United States at an expense of $50,000. It con- tains 2 churches, 2 acauemies, a bank, 150 dwell- ings, and about 1,000 inhabitants. It hiis con- siderable navigation, employed chiefly in the whaling and sealing business. A railroad con- nects this place with Providence, which, with the Long Island railroad, not yet completed, will form the most direct route from New York to Boston. There are in the t. 18 stores, cap. $49,300 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $11,500; 1 fulling m., 4 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 4 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $S6,025. 2 acad. 103 students, 15 sch. 807 scholars. Pop. 3,89S. Stony Brook, p-v., Brookhaven t., Suffolk CO., N. Y., 107 s. s. E. Albany, 277 W. Situated on the N. side of Long Island, and has a good harbor, accessible at all seasons of the year. It contains 1 Methodist church, several stores, 1 grist m., 1 fulling m. and cloth-dressing works, a piano-forte fac, 60 dwellings, and 400 in- habitants. Ship-building is extensively carried on. Stony Creek, p-t., Somerset co., Pa., 12 n. e. Somerset. The Alleghany mountain is on its e. border. Drained by Stony cr. and its branches. Iron ore is abundant. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,000 ; 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, jS grist m., 15 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,930. 3 6ch. 77 scholars. Pop. 1,248. Stonv Creek, p-o., Shenandoah co., Va., 154 N. w. by N. Richmond, 109 VV. Stony Creek, p-o., Caswell co., N. C, 79 n. w. Raleigh, 2S1 W. Stony Creek, t., Henry co., la. It has 1 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 1,242. Stony Creek, t., Randolph co., la. It has 4 sch. 95 scholars. Pop. 951. Stony Creek Warehouse, p-o., Sussex co., Va., 42 s. s. e. Richmond, 161 W. Stony G.\p, p-o., Stanly co., N. C, 124 w. s. w. Raleigh, 398 W. Stony Hill, p-o., Albany co., N. Y., 9 Al- bany, 379 W. Stony Hill, p-o., Richmond co., Va., 71 n. e. Richmond, 118 W. Stony Mount, p-o., Brunswick cp., Va., 72 s. S. w. Richmond, 191 W. . * Stony Point, Orange co., 'N. Y., is e high rocky promontory, at the head of Haverstraw bay, in Hudson r., on which was a fort, in the revolutionary war, bravely taken by storm from the British, in 1779, by the Americans, under Gen. Wayne. A light-house has been erected on the site of the old fort. Stony Point, p-o., Albemarle co., Va., 81 w. N. w. Richmond, 111 W. Stony Point, p-o., Iredell co., N C, 159 w. Raleigh, 396 W. Stonv Point, p-o., Abbeville dist., S. C, 82 w. Columbia, 512 W. Stony Point, p-o., Wilkes co., Ga., 96 n. e. Milledgeville, 584 W. Stony Point, p-o., East Baton Rouge par., La., 100 N. w. New Orleans, 1,142 W. Stony Point Mills, p-o., Cumberland co., Va., 53 w. Richmond, 143 W. Stony Ridge, p-o., Surry co., N. C. Stony Ridge, p-o.. Wood co., O., 128 n. n. w. Columbus, 445 W. Stony Run, p-o., Genesee co., Mich., 49 N. w. Detroit, 573 W. Storeville, p-v., Anderson dist., S. C, 117 w. N. w. Columbia, 544 W. Stormy iLLE, p-o., Fishkill t., Dutchess co., N. Y., 90s. Albany, 301 W. Stouchburg, p-o., Berks co., Pa., 31 e. Har- risburg, 147 W. Stoughtstown, p-v., Cumberland co., Pa., 29 vv. s. w. Harrisburg, 108 W. It contains a store and 12 dwellings. Stoughton, p-t., Norfolk co., Mass., 20 s. Boston, 428 W. Drained by head waters of Ne- ponset r. The v. contains 4 churches — 1 Con- gregational, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Univer- salis! — 1 woollen fac. and 2 cotton fac. Boots and shoes are extensively manufactured. There was formerly a v. of Christian Indians in the t. There are in the 1. 11 stores, cap. $15,600; 1 full- ing m., 1 woollen fac, 3 cotton fac. 5S0 sp., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $105,210. 10 sch. 622 scholars. Pop. 2,142. Stout's, p-o., Northampton co., Pa., 102 e. n. E. Harrisburg, 191 W. Stout's, p-o., Blount co., Ala., 93 n. e. Tus- caloosa, 750 W. Stout's, p-o., Adams co., O., 118 s. by w. Columbus, 456 W. Stow, p-t., Oxford co.. Me., 74 w. Augusta, 531 W. Bounded w. by N. H. It contains sev- eral ponds, the outlets of which flow into Saco r. It has 1 grist ra., 1 saw m., 6 sch. 156 scholars. Pop. 376. Stow, p-t., Lamoille county, Vt., 22 n. n. w. iMontpelier, 535 W. The surface is level, between 2 mountains ; soil, fertile. Drained by Water- bury r. and its branches, which flow s. into Onion r., and afford water power. First settled in 1793, organized in 1797. The religious denominations are Congregalionalists, Baptists, Christians, and Universalists. The central v. contains a hand- some church, and a number of dwellings. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $14,500; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $24,735. 12 sch. 447 scholars. Pop. 1,371. Stow, p-t., Middlesex co., Mass., 25 w. by n. Boston, 427 W. Watered by Assabet r., which affords water power. The soil is light and sandy. Hops are extensively cultivated. It contains a Congregational church. Chartered in 1683. It has 5 stores, cap. $9,600 ; 2 woollen fuc, 1 tan- nery, 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $101,200. 2 acad. 50 students, 5 sch. 300 schol- ars. Pop. 1,230. Stow, p-t.. Summit co., O., 131 n. e. Colum- bus, 329 W. Drained by Cuyahoga r., which af- fords water power. The soil is a sandy loam, and fertile, and well cultivated. It has 4 stores, cap. $16,000; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $52,650. 1 acad. 37 students, 13 sch. 337 scholars. Pop. 1,533. Stow Creek, t., Cumberland co., N. J., 7 n w. Bridgeton. The surface is level or rolling ; soil, clay, loam, sand, and gravel. Drained by Newport cr., on its s. border. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $32,220. 4 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. 846. Stowsville, p-v., Lincoln co., N. C, 180 w. by s. Raleigh, 419 W. Stow's Square, p-o., Lowville t., Lewis co., N. Y., 140 N. w. Albany, 439 W. Stoystown, p-b., Quemahoning t., Somerset CO., Pa., 131 w. by s. Harrisburg, 157 W. Situa- ted on Stony creek, and contains 1 German Re- formed church, 3 stores, cap. $13,000 ; 2 tanner- ies, 2 distilleries, 6 grist m., 15 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $12,980. 1 sch 100 scholars. Pop. 357. STR 639 STR Strabane, t., Adams co., Pa., 6 n. e. Gettys- burg. The surface is level ; soil, slate. Drained by Conewago creek and its branches. It has 3 stores, cap. $6,5UO; 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $7,5U0. Pop. 1,376. Strabane, t., Wasliington co., Pa. The sur- face is hilly ; soil, loam. Drained by Chartier's and Little Chartier's crs., which unite on its N. W. boundary. It has 2 stores, capital §1,500; I grist m., 2 saw ra. Cap. in manul'ac. $2,300. 7 sell. 280 scholars. Pop. 1,075. Strabane, p-v., Lenoir co., N. C, 78 s. e. Ra- leigh, 308 W. Strafford, coimty, N. H. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 500 .sq. miles. Salmon Falls, or Piscataqua r., bounds it on the E., separating it from Maine. Drained by Lam- prey, Cocheco, and Isinglass rs. The surface is various ; soil, generally productive. Capital, Dover. There were in 1840, neat cattle 57,593, sheep 85,854, swine 26,717 ; wheat y9,6'J8 bush, produced, rye 3S,525, Indian corn 250,427, buck- wheat 2,020, barley 22,620, oats 10I,57S, potatoes 1,288.109, sugar 18J,150 pounds ; 247 stores, cap. $482,131; 37 fulling m., 10 woollen fac, 17 cot- ton fac. 93,961 sp., 3 furnaces, 46 tanneries, 1 dis- tillery, 1 pottery, 5 printing offices, 4 binderies, 3 weekly newspapers, 1 periodical, 86 grist m., 115 saw m., 4 oil m. Capital in manuiiic. s2,674,874. 1 college 26 students, 12 acad. 1,339 students, 483 sch. 19,-<36 scholars. Pop. 61,127. Strafford, p-t., Strafford co., N. H., 25 e. n. E. Concord, 5J6 W. Blue hill crosses its n. part. The soil is generally fertile. Bow pond, in its S. w. part, G50 rods lung and 400 wide, gives rise to Isinglass r., which waters its s. part. Drained in its N. part by branches of Suncook r. Incor- porated in 1820. It has 7 stores, cap. S7,800 ; 1 saw m. Capital in manufac. $1,200. 1 acad. 85 students, 18 sch. 776 scholars. Pop. 2,021. Strafford, p-t.. Orange co., Vt., 34 g. s. e. Montpelier, 502 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, lertile, adapted to grazing. Watered by a branch of Ompompanoo^uc r.. which affords wa- ter power. In the s. E. corner is a bed of sul- phuret of iron, from which large quantities of cop- peras are manufactured. The bed is half a mile long and 3 rods wide, and of an unknown depth. Several hundred tons are produced annually. It has 3 stores, cap. $1,200 ; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,850. 13 sch. 620 scholars. Pop. 1,762. Strafford Corners, p-o., Strafford co., N. H. Strait Creek, p-o.. Brown co., O., Ill s. w. by s. Columbus, 470 W. Strait's Lake, p-o., Oakland co., Mich., 33 N. w. Detroit, 557 W. Straitsville, p-o., New Haven co., Ct., 50 s. Hartford, 314 W. Strasburg, p-t., Lancaster co.. Pa., 46 e. s. e. Harrisburg, 120 W. The surface is rolling and hilly ; soil, calcareous loam. Pecquea cr. runs on its N. and w. boundary, and affords water power. Drained by Little Beaver cr. The v. is 8 m. e. Lancaster, and contains 1 church, an academy, 6 stores, and about 145 dwellings. The t. has 10 stores, cap. §64,000 ; 4 tanneries, 8 distilleries, 10 flouring ra., 8 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $211,800. 8 sch. 320 scholars. Pop. 4,155. Strasburg, p-v., Shenandoah co., Va., 153 n. w. Richmond, 92 W. Situated on the n. branch of Shenandoah r., and contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Lutheran, and 1 free to all de- nominations — 4 stores, 1 stoneware i'ac, numer- ous mechanic shops, and about 500 inhabitants, who are chiefly Germans. Strasburg, p-v., Wayne t., Tuscarawas co., O., 115 E. N. E. Columbus, 321 W. Stratford, p-t., Coos co., N. H., 116 n. Con- cord, 577 W. Connecticut r. bounds it on the w ., along which is fertile intervals. Drained by Bog brook, and other small streams flowing into Connecticut r., and Nash's stream, a branch of Upper Ammonoosuc r. The surface is uneven and rough ; soil, gravelly and cold. It has 1 grist m., 3 saw m. (_ ap. in manufac. $2,200. 7 sch. 200 scholars. Pop. 441. Stratford, p-t., Fairfield co., Ct,, 50 s. w. Hartford, '2il W. The surface is generally level ; soil, fertile, particularly on the Housatonic river, which bounds it on the e. The v. is pleasantly situated at the mouth of the Housatonic, chiefly on 1 street a mile long, parallel to the river, and contains 5 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Episco- pal, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Universalist — an academy, and about 200 dwellings, many of them neat, and ornamented with shade trees. The Episcopal church was founded in 1723, and is the oldest of the denomination in the state. It has 12 stores, cap. $23,700; 1 lumber yard, cap. $2,500 ; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,000. 1 acad. 36 stu- dents, 9 sch. 323 scholars. Pop. 1,808. Stratford, t., Fulton co., N. Y., 15 n. w. Johnstown, 60 n. w. Albany. The surface is hilly and mountainous ; soil, indifferent, but adapted to grazing. Drained by East Canada cr. and its tributaries. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $18,180. 3 sch. lOJ scholars. Pop. 500. Stratham, p-t., Rockingham co., N. H., 41 s. E. by E. Concord, 4S4 W. The surface is level; soil, generally fertile. It contains a peat swamp in its E. part. Exeter r. runs on its w. border, and is navigable. Incorporated in 1716. It has 1 store, cap. $100; 2 tanneries, 7 grist m., 2 saw m. 3 sch. 142 scholars. Pop. 875. Stratton, p-t.. Windham co., Vt., 22 n. w. Brattleboro', 109 s. by w. Montpelier, 436 W. The surface is mountainous, bordering on the Green mountain range ; soil, cold, and adapted chiefly to grazing. A pond of 100 acres, in the s. part, discharges its waters into Deerfield river, which rises in this t., and another in the n. w. of the same extent, flows N. into Windhall r. It contains a church, common to Congregationalists and Baptists. It has 1 grist m., 2 saw ra., 5 sch, 132 scholars. Pop. 311. Stratto.n^S f all, p-o., Delaware co., N. Y^ 63 w. s. w. Albany, 349 W. Strattonsville, p-v.. Clarion co., Pa., 180 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 269 W. It contams 1 store, and about 15 dwellings. Strawberry, t., Lawrence co.. Ark. It has 1 sch. 15 scholars. Pop. 553. Strawberry Grove, p o., Henry co., 111., 142 N. N. w. Springfield, 855 W. Strawberry Island, N. Y. Situated in Ni- agara river, about 1 mile below Black Rock. It abounds with wild ducks, and affords fine fishing ground. Strawberry Plains, p-o., Jeflierson co., Tenn., 199 e. Nashville, 483 W. Strawbridge, p-o., York co.. Pa., 49 s. s. e. Harrisburg, 87 W. Strawntown, p-v.. Haycock t., Bucks co., Pa., 108 e. Harrisburg, 177 W. It contains a store, and about 14 dwellings. Strawtown, p-v., Hamilton co., la., 27 N. In- dianapolis, 565 W. Situated on White river. It contains 2 stores, several mechanics, and a few dwellings. Streetsborough, p-t., Portage co., O., 139 N STU 640 SUF E. Columbus, 330 W. Tlie soil is fertile, adapt- ed to grazing. Watered by Cuyahoga river and Tinker's cr. It contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church. It has 8 sch. 189 scholars. Pop. 983. Streets Ru.\, p-o., Alleghany co., Pa., 204 w. Harrisburg, 203 W. Strickersville, p-v., Chester co., Pa., 78 e. Harrisburg, 230 W. Strickland's Depot, p-o., Duplin co., N. C. Strode's Mills, p-o., Mifflin co., Pa., 63 n. w. Harrisburg, 154 W. Strong, p-t., Franklin co.. Me., 43 n. vv. Au- gusta, 632 W. Sandy r. passes through it near the w. side, from n. to s., and on it is a fine tract of fertile intervale. The surface is uneven on the s. : soil, generally strong and productive. A pond in its e. part has an outlet flowing n, into Seven Mile r., a branch of Kennebec r. It con- tains a pleasant v. Incorporated in 1801. It has 2 tanneries, 6 sch. 478 scliolars. Pop. 1,109. Strongtown, p-v., Wheatley t., Indiana co.. Pa., 141 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 194 W. It has a store, and 6 or 8 dwellings. Strongsville, p-t, Cuyahoga co., O., 131 n. N. E. Columbus, 361 W. Watered by the e. branch of Rocky r. The v. is situated on a branch of Rocky r., and contains 3 churches, 7 Btores, 6 mills, and 1 wool-carding and cloth- dressing works. The Congregational church is a spacious and elegant building. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. $S,800; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in noanufac. $8,200. 11 sch. 363 scholars. Pop. 1,151. Strongville, p-v., Breathitt co., Ky., 133 s. E.Frankfort, 518 W. Stroud, t., Monroe co.. Pa. The surface is partly hilly, partly level; soil, gravel and calca- reous loam. Watered by Sraithfield cr., and its tributaries, and by Cherry cr. It has 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Pop. 1,206. Stroudsbcjrg, p-b., Stroud t., capital of Monroe CO., Pa., 3 N. w. Delaware Water Gap, 124 n. e. by E. Harrisburg, 217 W, Situated on the n. bank of Smithfield cr. It is built on one street, and contains 2 churches-^1 Methodist and 1 Friends— 6 stores, cap. $26,000 ; 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers, 1 flouring m., 2 acad., 10 sch. Pop. 407. Incorporated in 1815. The sur- rounding scenery is highly picturesque. Strykersville, p-v., Sheldon t., Wyoming CO., N. Y., 270 w. Albany, 358 W. Situated on Buffalo cr., and contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Baptist church, 2 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 tannery, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhab- itants. Sturbridge, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 61 w. s. w. Boston, 379 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, hard but fertile. On Quinnebaug r. there are fine intervals. This r. rises in this t., and after a circuitous course into several other towns, returns to it again, aflTording water power. The v., at the centre, contains 1 Congregational and 1 Baptist church, and about 30 dwellings. It has 5 stores, cap, $14,000; 1 fulling m., 5 cotton lac. 11,412 sp., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 8sawm. Cap. in manufac. $138,300, 13 sch. 567 scholars. Pop. 2,005. Sturgeonsvillk, p-v., Brunswick co., Va., 83 s. s. w. Richmond, 199 W. Stuyvesant, p-t., Columbia co., N. Y., 12 n. Hudson, 17 s. Albany, 351 W. The surface is hilly; soil, clay, gravel, and loam, and fertile. Hudson r. bounds it on the w. The v. is situated on the E. side of Hudson r., and was formerly called Kinderkook Landing. It contains 1 church, 12 stores and storehouses, and about 5U dwellhigs. A steamboat, barges, and several sloops ply be- tween this place and New York. There a-re in the t. 7 stores, cap. $41,450; 2 lumber yards, cap. $5,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fuc. 1,600 sp., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3S,600. 5 sch. 389 scholars. Pop. 1,779. Stuyvesant Falls, p-v., Stuyvesant t., Co- lumbia CO., N. Y., 27 s. Albany, 350 W. Situa- ted on Kinderhook cr., which here afTords good water power, and contains 3 stores, 1 Woollen fac, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 paper m., and about 40 dwellings. Stublett's Tavern, p-o., Powhatan co., Va., 22 w. Richmond, 139 W. Success, t., Coos co., N. H,, 143 n. by E. Con- cord, The surface is uneven. Drained by small streams which flow w. into Androscoggin r.,which runs a little w. of its w. border. One of these streams flows from a pond in its e. part. Incor- porated in 1773. Success, p-o., Riverhead t., Suffolk co., N. Y. SucKASUNNV, p-v., Morris co., N. J., 59 n. Trenton, 229 W. It contains a Presbyterian church, a store, and about 15 dwellings. Sudbury, p-t., Rutland co., Vt., 75 s. s. w. Montpelier, 465 W. The surface is elevated and uneven ; soil, a fertile loam. Otter Creek r. runs on its N. E. boundary, by small branches of which it is drained. It has several ponds, one of which is the source of Hubbardton r. A little w. of the centre is a small v., which contains a neat Con- gregational church. Chartered in 1761. There are in the t. 1 store, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,400. 7 sch. 269 scholars. Pop. 796. Sudbury, p-t., Middlesex co., Mass., 20 w. by N. Boston, 421 W. Watered by Sudbury r., a branch of Concord r. The land on its borders is low, and, to a considerable extent, is annually overflowed. It contains 3 churches — 2 Congre- gational and 1 Methodist, A v., near the centre, contains a Congregational church, and about 30 dwellings. It has 5 stores, cap. $1(5,500 ; 1 paper fac, 4 grist in., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,900 ; 6 sch. 367 scholars. Pop. 1,422. SuuLERsviLLE, p-v., Queen Anne co., Md., 45 E. by s. Baltimore, 55 e. by n. Annapolis, 95 W. Suffield, p-t., Hartford co., Ct., 17 n. Hart- ford, 352 W. Situated on the w. side of Con- necticut r., opix)site to Enfield. The surface is diversified; soil, a strong, deep loam. The banks of the r. are elevated, and furnish no alluvial meadows. It contains 4 churches — 2 Congrega- tional and 2 Baptist. The v. is situated on one street, over a m. long, on elevated ground, and has a Congregational and a Baptist church, sev- eral stores, and many fine dwellings, with a very commanding prospect. It contains the " Con- necticut Literary Institution," founded by the Baptists, in 1835. The edifice is of brick, 72 feet long, and 34 wide, 4 stories high, containing 24 rooms for students. Connected with it are 16 acres of land, and a dwelling for the steward. It has about 60 or 70 students. The t. was char- tered in 1670, and until 1752, was under the juris- diction of Mass. It has 8 stores, cap. $32,300 ; 1 tannery, 2 paper fac, 2 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $111,337. 1 acad. 144 students, 11 sch. 611 scholars. Pop. 2,669. Suffield, p-t., portage co., O., 13 s. by w. Ra- venna, 134 N. E. Columbus, 320 W. It has 6 sch. 140 scholars. Pop. 1,212. Suffolk, county, Mass. Situated in the e. part of the state, and consists of Boston and Chel- sea, with several islands. Organized in 1643, SUG 641 SUL when It contained the present counties of Suffolk and Norfolk, with the towns of Hingtiam and Hull, in Plymouth co. It now contains 110 sq. ms., being the smallest county in extent in the state, but the city of Boston renders it the most important. Capital, Boston. There were in 1840, neat cattle 702, sheep 67, swine 738; wheat 130 bush, produced, rye 1,239, Ind. corn 2,988, barley 1,124, oats 279, potatoes 21,340; 232 houses in foreign trade, cap. $11,696,000; 583 stores, cap. $4,213,220; 34 lumber yards, cap. $3S4,0 10; in- vested in fisheries, $35,100; 6 furnaces, 1 cotton fac. 1,100 sp., 3 tanneries, 17 distilleries, 2 brew- eries, 3 glass fac, 1 pottery, 4 grist ni., 25 print- ing offices, 28 binderies, 7 periodicals, 7 daily, 11 weekly, 7 semi-weekly newspaper.s. Cap. in manufac. $2,825,600. 16 acad. 2,649 students, 146 sch. 14,577 scholars. Pop. 95,773. Suffolk, county, N. Y. It comprehends tlie K. part of Long Island, with several considerable islands, the largest of which are Shelter, Gardi- ner's, and Fisher's islands. It contains 973 sq. ms. Peconic r. and some small streams drain the co. The surface is broken and hilly ; soil, sand and sandy loam. There are extensive salt meadows. The Long Island railroad is designed to extend to GreenpoTt, in the n. e. part of the co., and is pro- gressing. Salt is manufactured, by the evapora- tion of sea-water. Capital, Riverhead. There were in 1840, neat cattle 22,236, sheep 46,751, swine 20.534 ; wheat 105,778 bush, produced, rye 79,023, Ind. com 355,314, buckwheat 42,707, bar- ley 9,460, oats 258,218, potatoes 170,236, hops 1,834 pounds ; 188 stores, cap. $506,590 ; 23 lum- ber yards, cap. $53,850 ; cap. invested in fisheries, $444,300 ; 5 fulling m., 8 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 1,032 sp., 16' tanneries, 2 potteries, 1 flouring m., 51 grist m., 17 saw m., 3 paper fac, 3 printing t)ffices, 3 weekly, 1 semi-weekly new.«papers. Cap. in manufac. $388,085. 6 acad. 338 students, 164 sch. 7,872 scholars. Pop. 32,469. Suffolk, p-v., capital of Nansemond co., Va., 28 N. w. by w. Norfolk, 85 s. e. Richmond, 218 W. Situated on the e. side of Nansemond r., and contains a court house, jail, 4 churches — 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 2 Methodist — 20 stores, 300 dwellings, and about 1,500 inhabitants. Suffolk, C. H., Suffolk co., N. Y., 226 s. s. e. Albany, 306 W. (See Riverhead.) Sugar Creek, t. Armstrong co., Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,500; 1 tannery, 4 distilleries, 6 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,283. 1 sch. 26 scholars. Pop. 1,852. Sugar, cr., Sangamon co., 111., is a s. branch of Sangamon r. Sugar, cr.. 111., rises in McDonough co., and enters Illinois r. in Schuyler co. There are sever- al other small creeks of this name in 111. Sugar Creek, t., Venango co.. Pa., 8 n. w. Franklin. The surface is level ; soil, a fertile loam. Bounded n. e. and e. by Sugar cr. Coal is abundant. It has 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,750. 2 sch. 68 scholars. Pop. 1,093. Sugar Creek, p-o., Crawford co., Pa., 222 n. w. Harrisburg, 296 W. Sugar Creek, p-o., Lawrence co., Tenn.,91 s. s. w. Nashville, 751 W. Sugar Creek, t., Greene co., O. It has 3 stores, cap. $16,000; 1 tannery, 6 distilleries, 9 flouring m., 5 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $104,000. Pop. 2,369. Sugar Creek, t., Putnam co., O., 35 s. e. De- fiance. Pop. 500. Sugar Creek, t.. Stark co., O. The surface is rolling, and somewhat hilly. It has 2 sch. 44 (Scholars. Pop. 1,862. Sugar Creek, t.,Wayne co., O. It has 7 stores, 81 cap. $6,875 ; 1 tannerv, 3 flouring m., 9 saw rt». Cap. in manufac. $11,6.30. Pop. 2,223. Sugar Creek, p-o., Hancock co., la., 15 e. Iri- dianapolis, 563 W. It has 1 grist m., 2 saw m'. Cap. in manufac. $4,500. Pop. 610. Sugar Creek, t., Montgomery co., la. Pop. 6.50. Sugar Creek, t., Tuscarawas co., O. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 3 tanneries, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,200. 7 sch. 600 scholars. Pop. 1,450. Sugar Creek, p-o., Walworth co., Wis., 65 s. e. Madison, 814 W. Sugar Gro^'e, pv.. Sugar Grove t., Warren CO., Pa., 239 N. w. Harrisburg, 328 W. Situated on Slillwater cr., 14 s. N. Y. slate line. It con- tains 1 store, 1 saw m., 1 grist m., and 18 or 20 dwellings. It is surrounded with groves of sugar maples. There are in the t. 2 stores, cap. $2,250 } 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manu-i fac $6,200. 9 sch. 220 scholars. Pop. 1,062. Sugar Grove, p-o., Fairfield co., O., 37 s. E< Columbus, 375 W. Sugar Grove, p-o., Ashe co., N. C, 232 W. n. w. Raleigh, 398 W. Sugar Grove, p-o., Kane co.. 111., 182 n. n. e< Springfield, 759 W. Sugar Grove, p-o., Ralls co.. Mo., 104 n. n. E^ Jefferson City, 909 W. Sugar Hill, p-o., Grafton eo., N. H., 78 n< Concord, 538 W. Sugar Hill, p-o.. Orange t., Steuben co., N< Y., 193 w. by s. Albany, 310 W. Sugar Lake, p-o., Crawford co.. Pa., 243 n, w. Harrisburg, 316 W. It receives its name from Sugar lake, a handsome sheet of water, front which flows a branch of Sugar cr. Sugar Loaf, p-v., Goshen and Warwick ts.,- Orange co., N. Y., 105 s. s. w. Albany, 374 W. It has 1 cljurch, 3 stores, 25 dwellings, and about 140 inhabitants. Sugar Loaf, p-t., Columbia co.. Pa., 112 n. n. E. Harrisburg, 221 W. The surface is diversi^ fied, in the n. mountainous ; soil, sand and grav- el. Drained by Fishing cr. and its tributaries. It has 1 di-stillery, 3 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. iri manufac. $20,600. 3 sch. 80 scholars. Pop. 937. Sugar Loaf, t., Luzerne co.. Pa. The surface is mountainous ; soil, in the valleys, fertile. Drained by Nescopeck and Black creeks. It is named from a conical moimtain in the vicinity, of the same name. It has 6 stores, cap. $15,500 ; 1 tannery, 4 flouring m., 8 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $18,000. 6 sch. 280 scholars. Pop. 1,306. Sugar Loaf, t., Carroll co.. Ark. It has 2 grist m. Pop. 140. Sugar Loaf, t., Marion eo.. Ark. It has 1 tannery, 2 distilleries. Pop. 143. Sugar Run, p-o., Sullivan co., la. Sugartow.n', p-v., Chester co., Pa.,- 79 b, s. g, Harrisburg, 124 W. Sugar Tree, p-o., Pittsylvania co., Va., 183 w. s. w. Richmond, 265 W. Sugar Tree Ridge, p-o., Highland co., O., 8G s. w. Columbus, 453 W. Sugar Valley, p-o., Clinton co.. Pa. Sugar Valley, p-o., Preble eo., O., 100 w, by s. Columbus, 493 W. Suggs Bridge, p-o., Montgomery co., N. C, 97 . s. w. Raleigh, 371 W. Suggsville, p-v., Clarke co., Ala., 152 s. Tus- caloosa, 944 W. Situated on e. side of Bassets er., a branch of Tombigbee r., and contains about 150 inhabitants. Sullivan, county, N. H. Situated in the w, toward the s. part of the state, and contains 530 ms. Connecticut r. runs on its w. border Surface elevated but not mountainous ; soil neaf SUL 642 SUM the streams rich. Watered by Sugar r. and its branches. Siinapee lake lies on its e. border. Organized in IS'27. Capital, Newport. There were in 1840, neat cattle 22,828, slieep 88,296, swine 10,917 ; wheat 26,572 bush, produced, rye 29,033, Ind. corn 76,686, buckwheat 16,304, bar- ley 9,086, oats 156,438, potatoes 505,376, sugar 142,541 pounds; 44 stores, cap. $190,300; 1 fur- nace, 11 fulling m., 6 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 350 sp., 18 tanneries, 27 grist m., 80 saw m., 2 paper fac, 3 printing offices, 2 weekly newspa- pers. Cap. in manufac. $31,096. 2 acad. 376 students, 97 sch. 7,053 scholars. Pop. 20,310. Sullivan, county, N. Y. Situated in the s. K. part of the state, and contains 919 sq. nis. Delaware r. runs on its s. w. border. Drained by Neversink and Mongoup rivers, branches of the Delaware. The surface is hilly and motin- tainous. The soil is various, fertile in the val- leys, and in the elevated parts adapted to graz- ing. The Delaware and Hudson canal and the j\ew York and Erie railroad passes through it. Lead ore is found near Wartzboro, on the line of the Delaware aiid Hudson canal. Capital, Mon- ticello. There were in 1840, neat cattle 18,057, sheep 19,476, swine 10,047 ; wheat 8,793 bush, produced, rye 66,090, Ind. corn 50,425, buckwheat 51,942, oats 126,232, potatoes 236,335, sugar 45,359 pounds ; 65 stores, cap. $152,910 ; 10 lum- ber yards, cap. $4,960; 1 furnace; 4 smelting houses produced 100,000 pounds of lead ; 3 full- ing m., 19 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 29 grist m., 174 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $669,009. 1 acad. 36 students, 101 sch. 3,894 scholars. Pop. 15,629. Sullivan, county, Tenn. Situated in the n. E. part of the state, and contains 520 sq. ms. Drained by Holston r. and its branches. The surface is mountainous. Capital, Blountville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,368, sheep 14,057, swine 41,087; wheat 99,061 bush, pro- duced, rye 5,662, Ind. corn 390,025, barley 1,272, oats 179,896, potatoes 23,016, tobacco 5,360 lbs. ; 13 stores, cap. $71,250; 1 furnace, 4 forges, 1 cotton fac. 512 sp., 8 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 1 powder m., 18 flouring m., 6 grist m., 21 saw m., 1 paper fac. Cap. in manufac. $66,537. 3 acad. 120 students, 23 sch. 700 scholars. Pop. whites 9,504, slaves 1,037, free col'd 195 ; total, 10,736. Sullivan, county, la. Situated in the w., toward the s. part of the state, and contains 430 sq. ms. Bounded w. by Wabash r. Drained by Busseron, Furman's, and Turtle creeks. Cap- ital, Benton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,442, sheep ll,8i6, swine 33,915 ; wheat 44,458 bush, produced, rye 2,614, Ind. corn 538,543, oats 86,700, potatoes 17,907, tobacco 20,446 pounds, sugar 85,625 ; 15 stores, cap. $50,900; 4 tanner- ies, 4 distilleries, 1 pottery, 23 grist m., 22 saw m. (^ap. in manufac. $98,860. 1 acad. 45 stu- dents, 20 sch. 620 scholars. Pop. 8,315. Sullivan, p-t., Hancock co.. Me., 101 e. Au- gusta, 683 W. It has Frenchman's and Taunton bay on the s. w. A bridge, 1,400 feet long, crosses Taunton bay to Hancock. The outlet of a considerable pond in its n. e. part flows into Frenchman's bay. It is well situated for navi- gation, and has some ship building. It has 4 stores, cap. $3,100; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $37,900. 7 sch. 175 sch. Pop. 649. Sullivan, t., Cheshire co., N. n., 52 w. s. w. Concord, 440 W. A branch of Ashuelot r. runs on its s. E. border. Incorporated in 1787. It has 1 store, cap. $1,500; 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,220. 8 sch. 159 scholars. Pop. 496. Sullivan, p-t., Madison co., iV. Y., 12^ w. by N. Albany, 345 W'. The surface is level n., un- dulating .s. ; soil, generally fertile. Drained by Canaseraga and Chittenango creeks, flowing into Oneida lake, w^hich bounds it on the n. The v. is situated on Canaseraga cr. Incorporated in 1823, and contains 1 Free church, I store, 1 grist m., 25 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. There are in the t. 16 stores, cap. $58,700; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspa- per, 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 18 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac $109,300. 1 acad. 40 students, 22 sch. 1,245 scholars. Pop. 4,390. Sullivan, p-t., Tioga co.. Pa., 146 n. by w. Harrisburg, 256 W. The surface is hilly; soil, gravelly, and well timbered. Drained by head branches of Tioga r. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery. 1 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,350. 1 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 1,378. Sullivan, p-t., Lorain co., O., 91 n. n. e. Co- lumbus, 386 W. Watered by branches of Black r. The soil is generally fertile. The v., at the centre, contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 steam saw and grist m., about 20 dwellings, and 120 inhab- itants. The t. has 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 781. Sulphur Hill, p-o., Shelby co., la., 67 s. e. Indianapolis, 570 W. Sulphur Springs, p-o., Buncombe co., N. C, 4i w. Ashville, 260 w. Raleigh, 490 W. It is a celebrated watering place. Sulphur Springs, po., Rhea co., Tenn., 144 E. s. E. Nashville, 563 W. Sulphur Springs, p-o., JeflTerson co., Mo., 151 E. by s. Jefferson City, 831 W. Sulphur Spring, t.. Hot Springs co., Ark. It has 1 grist m. Pop. 334. SuMMERFiELD, p-v., Guilford CO., N. C, 99 w. N. w. Raleigh, 294 W. SuMMERFiELD, p-v., Stcwart CO., Ga., 145 s. w. Milledgeville, 801 W. SuMMERFiELD, p-0., Seneca t., Monroe co., O., 112 E. Columbus, 325 W. It contains 1 church, 1 store, 20 dwellings, and about 125 inhabitants. SuMMERFiELD, p-t., Monroe co., Mich., 60 s. w. Detroit, 500 W. Watered by Raisin r. The V. is situated on the r., 16 ms. from Lake ?>ie, and contains a saw m. and several dwellings There are in the t. 1 saw m., 3 sch. 70 scholars Pop. 395. SUMMERFIELD, p-0., Madison co., O. Summer Grove, p-o., Caddo par.. La. SuMMKR Hill, p-t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 24 s E. Auburn, 149 w. Albany, 325 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay loam, moderately fertile. Drained by liead branches of Fall cr. It has 1 store, cap. .$2,000 ; 1 tannery, 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,942. 7 sch. 354 scholars. Pop 1,446. Summer Hill, t., Crawford co.. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,300; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 1 frist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,230. op. 1,638. Summer Hill, p-v., Cambria co.. Pa., 150 w. by N. Harrisburg, 187 W. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,875. 4 sch. 180 scholars. Pop. 1,005. SuMMERSviLLE, p-0., JefTcrson co., Pa., 171 N. w. Harribburg, 260 W. SuMMEKViLLE, p-v., Charleston dist., S. C. SuMMERSviLLE, p-v.. Capital of Nicholas co., Va., 268 s. w. by w. Richmond, 310 W. Sit- uated on a branch of Gauley r., and contains a court house, jail, clerk's office, 2 stores, 20 dwell- ings, and about 125 inhabitants. SUM 643 ^UN SuMMERViLLE, p-v., capital of Chatooga co., Ga., 181 N. vv. Milledgeville, 652 W. Situated on the w. side of Challooga r., a branch of Coosa r. It contains a court house, jail, and about 175 inhabitants. SuMMERviLLE,p-v., Cass CO., Mich., 177 w. by s. Detroit, 629 W. Situated on Dowagiake r., and contains 1 store and 1 saw m. SuMMERsviLLE, p-v., Greene co., Ky., 5 n. W. Greensburg, 95 s. s. w. Frankfort, 629 W. SuJiMiT, county, O. Situated toward the n. E. part of the state, and contains 422 sq. ms. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil, gener- ally fertile. Drained by Cuyahoga r. and Little Cuyahoga r., which afford extensive water power, and the head waters of Tuscarawas r. Tlie Ohio canal passes through its centre from n. to s., and affords great conveniences for transportation. Capital, Akron. There were in 1840, neat cattle 21,762, sheep 41,054, swine 25,501 ; wheat 317,462 bush, produced, rye 23,070, Ind. corn 209.600, buckwheat 9,054, barley 5,475, oats 183,463, po- tatoes 157,455, sugar 107,993 pounds ; 6 commis- sion houses, cap. $39,500 ; 83 stores, capital $2.39,194; 6 furnaces, 1 forge, 19 fulling m., 11 woollen fac, 16 tanneries, 8 distilleries, 1 brew- ery, 1 powder m., 5 potteries, 8 flouring m., 26 grist m., 59 saw m., 2 oil m., 2 paper fac, 4 print- ing offices, 1 bindery, 5 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $543,019. 1 college, 112 stu- dents, 6 acad. 217 students, 114 sch. 3,860 scho- lars. Pop. 22,560. Summit, p-t., Schoharie co., N. Y., 16 s. w. Schoharie, 52 w. Albany, 378 W. The surface is elevated and hilly ; soil, sandy loam, well adapted to grass. Drained by Charlotte r., and by tributaries of Schoharie cr. It has 4 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. ,$2,000. 18 sch. 892 scholars. Pop. 2,010. Summit, p-v., Washington t., Cambria co., Pa., 129 w. by N. Ilarrisburg, 172 W. Situated on a head branch of Kiskiminetas r., and contains about 200 inhabitants. Summit, p-o., Northampton co., N. C. Summit, p-o., Shelby co., O., 90 \v. n. w. Co- lumbus, 484 VV. Su.MMiT, po., Oakland co., Mich., 34 n. w. Detroit, 540 W. Summit, p-t., Milwaukie co.. Wis., 50 e. by s. Madison, 835 W. It has 1 store, cap. $1,500; 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,050. Pop. 335. Summit, p-v.. Cook co., HI., 191 n. e. Spring- field, 730 W. Situated at the " Point of Oaks," on the canal, 13 ms. s. w. from Chicago. SuM.MiT Bridge, p-v., Newcastle co., Del., 41 N. Dover, 117 W. It contains about 75 inhabi- tants. Su.MMiT Hill, p-v., Northampton co., Pa., 84 N. E. by E. Ilarrisburg, 194 W. Summit Point, p-o., Jefferson co., Va., 161 N. by w. Richmond, 71 W. Summitsville, p-v., Wayne co.. Pa., 185 n. e. Harrisburg, 279 W. SuMMUM, p-o., Fulton CO., 111., 67 n. w. Spring- field, 845 W. Sumner, county, Tenn. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 640 sq. ms. Cum- berland r. runs on its s. border, by branches of which it is drained, and by branches of Big Bar- ren r. The surface is rolling ; soil, very fertile. Capital, Gallatin There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 18,865, sheep 23,801, swine 71,356; wheat 124,482 bush, produced, rye 12,780, Ind. corn 1,800,955, oats 498,248, potatoes 351,083; tobacco 2,615,100 pounds, cotton 161,379, sugar 1,500; 30 stores, cap. $273,850 ; 9 tanneries, 18 distilleries, 1 brewery, 62 grist in., 27 saw m., 2 printing of- fices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $259,735. 5 acad. 336 students, 15 sch. 473 scholars. Pop. whites 14,891, slaves 7,2S6, free col'd268; total, 22,445. ^ Sumner, p-t., O.xford xo.. Me., 8 n. Paris, 40 w. Augusta, 606 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Incorporated in 1798. Drained by branches of Androscoggin r. It has a pond in its w. part, flowing into one of these branches. It has 8 tan- neries, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,440. 9 sch. 48 scholars. Pop. 1,269. Sumneytown, p-v., flionlgoraery co.. Pa., 20 N. E. Norristown, 182 e. Ilarrisburg, 173 W. Situated on the line of Upper Salford and Marl- borough townships, and contains 2 stores, and about 15 dwellings. There are 3 powder m. in the vicinity. Su.MPTER, district, S. C. Situated a little s. E. of the centre of the state, and contains 1,240 sq. ms. Santee r. runs on its w. border, and Lynch's cr. on its n. e. boundary. Drained by Black r. and its branches, and by branches of Santee r. Capital, Sumpterville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 32,961, sheep 8,655, swine 47,260; wheat 7,125 bush, produced, rye 1,53-i, Ind. corn 631,977, oats 54,230, potatoes 263,711, rice 363,505 pounds, cotton 2,298,712 ; 35 stores, cap. $66,500; 5 tanneries, 50 grist m., 30 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $143,295. 7 acad. 145 students, 40 sch. 693 scholars. Pop. whites 8,644, slaves 18,875, free col'd373; total, 27,892. Sumpter, county, Ala. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 1,20;") sq. ms. Bounded on the n. e. and E. by Tombigbee r., by the w. fork of which, and smaller branches, it is drained. It has 3 acad. 159 students, 16 sch. 332 scholars. Pop. 29,937. Capital, Livingston. Sumpter, county, Ga. Situated toward the s. w. part of the state, and contains 675 sq. ms. Flint r. bounds it on the e., by branches of which it is drained. Capital, Americus. There were in 1810, neat cattle 19,218, sheep 2,352, swine 23,472 ; wheat 10,864 bush, produced, rye 1,800, Ind. corn 231,870, oats 6,210, potatoes 23,400, tobacco 740 pounds, cotton 930,000 ; 13 stores, cap. $24,000 ; 1 distillery, 7 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $32,500. 8 sch. 23 i scholars. Pop. whiles 4,115, slaves 1,643, free col'd 1; total, 5,759. Sumpter, t., Wayne co., Mich. Drained by Huron r. It has 2 sch. 58 scholars. Pop. 193. Sumpterville, p-v., capital of Sumpterville dist., S. C, 63 E. Columbia, 499 W. Situated between the branches of Black r., and contains a court house, jail, 3 churches, 10 stores, and about 400 inhabitants. Sumpterville, p-v., Lee co., Ga. Sumpterville, p-v., Sumpter co., Ala., 61 s. w. Tuscaloosa, 8S2 W. Situated on w. side of Tombigbee r., and contains several large w^are- houses, and about 300 inhabitants. Sunapee, lake, Sullivan and iMerrimac cos., N. H., is 9 ras. long, and about 1 and a half wide. The surface is elevated 820 feet above the level of Connecticut and Merrimac rivers. Its outlet flows into Sugar r. SuNBURY, p-b., Augusta t., capital of Northum- berland CO., Fa., 53 N. by E. Harrisburg, 163 W. Beautifully situated on the e. side of Susque- hanna r., 2 ms. below the confluence of the n. and vv. branches, at Northumberland, below the Shamokin dam, which is 2,733 feet long, erected for the passage of tlie Pennsylvania canal. It contains a court house and county offices of brick, a jail of stone, 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 SUN 644 SUR German Reformed, and 1 Methodist — 15 stores, and about 300 dwellings. A mile above the t., a bridge was erected in 1814, across the n. branch of the Susquehanna, connecting the t. with Nor- thumberland. It is in 2 parts, crossine; Shamokin island, and cost 890,Qi(). It is 1,825 feet long, 32 feet wide, 41 feet above ordinary water in the r., resting on 8 stone piers. The arches are of wood, protected by a roof. It has 9 stores, cap. $23,900; 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $20,760. 4 sch. 257 scholars. Pop. 1,108. SuNBURY, p-v., Gates co., N. C, 224 e. n. e. Raleigh, 243 W. It contains about 75 inhabi- tants. SuNBURY, p-v., Berkshire t., Delaware co., O., 25 N. Columbus, 395 W. It has 2 stores, several mechanic shops, and a number of dwellings. SuNBURY, t., Monroe co., O. It has 5 sch. 135 scholars. Pop. 1,157. SuNBURY, p-v., Livingston co.. 111., 121 n. e. Springfield, 748 W. SuNBURY, p-v., port of entry. Liberty co., Ga., 40 s. by w. Savannah, 212 s. s. e. Milledgeville, 702 VV. Situated on the s. side of Medway r., Qt the head of St. Catharine's sound. It contains an academy, 1 Baptist church, 2 or 3 stores, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. It has an elevated sandy situation, and was built in 1758 ; and for several years vi'as a formidable rival of Savannah, but its prosperity was broken by the revolutionary war. It is resorted to for health during the sickly season. SuNcooK, r,, N. H., rises in a pond near the top of one of the Suncook mountains, 900 feet above tidewater, and passing through several ponds, and receiving tributaries from others, it enters the Merrimac r., between Allenstown and Pembroke. SuNcooK, p-o., Merrimac co., N. H., 7 e. Con- cord, 478 W. Sunday Creek Cross Roads, p-o.. Perry co., O., 62 E. by s. Columbus, 361 W. Sunderland, p-t., Bennington co., Vt., 15 n. E. Bennington, 98 s. s. w. Montpelier, 425 W. The surface is uneven, with fine alluvial flats ; soil, alluvion, loam, and marl. Drained by Bat- tenkill r., and by Roaring brook, which issues from ponds in the e. part, and affords water power. Chartered in 1761 ; first settled in 1765, organized in 1769. It contains a Congregational and a Methodist church. It has 1 store, cap. ^4,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,250. 4 6ch. 136 scholars. Pop. 43S. Sunderland, p-t., Franklin co., Mass., 9 s. by v.. Greenfield, 80 w. Boston, 392 W. Connecti- cut r. bounds it on the w., on which are fine allu- vial meadows, but in other parts the surface is mountainous. The central v. is built chiefly on one street, three fourths of a m. long, parallel with the r., and contains a Congregational church, and about 50 dwellings, many of them handsome. A bridge here crosses Connecticut r., 858 feet long, built in 1832, at an expense ut' $20,000. It contains 2 other small villages. There are in the t. 2 stores, cap. $3,500 ; 1 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $3,602. 6 sch. 436 scholars. Pop. 719. Sunderland, p-v., Calvert co., Md., 37 s. s. w. Annapolis, 67 VV. SuNFisit, p-o., Clarington v., Salem t., Mon- roe CO., O., 131 E. Columbus, 231 W. SuNFisH, t.. Pike CO., O. It has 1 saw m., 2 Ech. 63 scholars. Pop. 318. StiNi'LowER, p-o., Lancaster co., Pa., 52 k. s. E Harrisburg, 1 16 W. SuNKHAZE, p-o., Penobscot co., Me., 85 e. Au- gusta, 680 W. SuNMAN, p-o., Ripley co., la., 73 s. e. Indiana- polis, 533 W. Sunset, p-o.. Walker co., Ga., 192 n. w. Mil- ledgeville, 677 W. Superior, t., Williams co., O. It has 1 sch 17 scholars. Pop. 166. Superior, p-t., Washtenaw co., Mich., 31 w. Detroit, 523 W. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,400; 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,300. Pop. 1,393. Superior, lake, the largest in North America, and supposed to be the largest body of fresh wa- ter in the world. It is about 330 ms. long and 130 wide, and about 1.200 or 1,500 in circumfer- ence. The boundary line between the United States and Canada passes through its central part. It is surrounded mostly by a rorky and uneven coast, and contains many considerable islands, one of the largest of which, Isle Royal, is about 100 ms. long and 40 ms. broad. It abounds with fish, particularly trout, sturgeon, and w hite- fish, which are caught at all seasons, and in large quantities. Of these the trout, weighing from 12 to 50 pounds, and the whitefish, weighing often over 20 pounds, are, perhaps, the most important. The storms on this lake are equal to those on the Atlantic ; the waves run as high, and its naviga- tion is as difficult. Its surface is elevated 625 feet above the level of the sea, and its mean depth is 900 feet. Its waters are remarkably clear and transparent. It receives more than 30 rivers, and discharges its waters into Lake Huron, by the straits or r. of St. Mary. The rapids or falls here prevent vessels from passing into it, from Lake Huron. The pictured rocks on its s. shore, to- ward its E. end, are a great curiosity. They form a perpendicular wall, 300 feet high, extend- ing about 12 ms. They have caves which re- ceive the waves with a tremendous roar. At one place a considerable stream is thrown from them into the lake, by a single leap, from the height of 70 feet, and boats can pass dry between it and the rocky shore. At another place 4 rocky pillars support a stratum or entablature of stone, covered with soil, on which trees of spruce and pine grow, some of which are 50 or 60 leet high. This is called the Doric Rock or Arch, and ap- pears like a work of art, though it is the work of nature. Surgeon's Hall, p-o., Alleghany co., Pa., 201 w. by N. Harrisburg, 228 W. SuRRENCY, p-o., Tatnall co., Ga., 162 s. e Milledgeville, 773 W. Surry, county, Va. Situated toward the s. E. part of tlie state, and contains 324 square ms. James r. runs on its n. e. border, and Blackwater r. on its s. w., by small branches of which it is drained, Capital, Surry C, H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,136, sheep 3,676, swine 12,595 ; wheat 9,317 bush, produced, Indian corn 185,040, oais 35,900, potatoes 33,659, tobacco 4,692 pounds, cotton 63,954 ; 12 stores, cap. $47,300 ; 1 cotton fac. 240 sp., 166 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 21 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $6,850. 8 scli. 186 schol- ars. Pop. whites 2,557, slaves 2,853, free col'd 1,070 ; Ujtal, 6,480. Surry, county, N, C, Situated in the n. to- ward the w. part of the state, and contains 726 sq. ms. The surface is mountainous and broken ; soil, fertile. Drained by Yadkin river and its branches. Capital, Rocklbrd. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,609, sheep 12,123, swine 33,163 ; wheat 48,804 bush, produced, rye 20,542, Indian corn 484,976, oats 115,018, potatoes 23,866, tobacco 83,070 pounds, cotton 67,228 ; 19 stores, sus 645 SUT cap. $63,600 ; 10 forges, 1 cotton fac. 400 sp., 15 tanneries, iJ25 distilleries, 1 powder m., 3 potter- ies, 52 grist m., 27 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $74,012. 14 sriwols 335 scholars. Pop. whites 13.093, slaves 1,778, free col'd 208; total, 15,079. Surry, p-t., Hancock co.. Me., 83 e. by n. Augusta, 677 W. Bounded by Union r. and bay on the E. It contains several large ponds, and has inexhaustible bed.s of shell marl, by the use of which ihe fertility of the soil is increased. In- corporated in 1803. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,000. 7 sch. 312 scholars. Pop. 857. Surry, p-t., Cheshire co., N. H., 55 s. w. Con- cord, 441 W. Watered by Ashuelot r., on the margin of v^hich is a fine intervale. The surface is in some parts uneven. On the summit of a mountain is a pond of 3 acres, 25 feet deep. In- corporated in 1769 ; first settled in 1764. It has 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,427. 6 sch. 171 scholars. Pop. 481. Surry, C. H., p-v., capital of Surry co., Va., 55 s. E. Richmond, 178 W. It contains a court house, jail, 2 stores, an arsenal, and about 50 in- habitants. SusQUEHANXA, r., the largest river in Pa., and one of the largest in the U. S., is formed by 2 main branches, the Eastern and the Western. The Eastern branch rises in Otsego co., N. Y., and one of its sources in Otsego lake. It receives the Chenango, a considerable river from the n., at Binghamton, and proceeding w. and turning s., it crosses into Pa., soon after which it is joined by the Western branch, called the Tioga or Che- mung river, 3 ms. below the Pennsylvania line. It then flows s. e., and then s. w., until it re- ceives the Weslern branch, its largest tributary, at Northumberland, after which its course is first S., 40 ms., until it receives the Juniata from the w., and then s. e. until it fills into the Chesa- peake bay, near the N. e. corner of Maryland. It IS navigable for sloops 5 miles from its mouth to Port Deposit, at the head of the tide. Above that, for nearly 50 miles, the river is obstructed by a continued succession of rapids, which ren- der navigation in boats up the stream impossible ; but in high water, a vast amount of lumber and produce comes down the river, in rafts, arks, &c. In the upper parts of the river the obstructions to boat navigation are not great, and might be easily overcome. The importance of a river depends much upon its capacity for navigation. In this view, the Susquehanna has less importance than many others in the U. S., which drain a less extent of surface, and carry a less volume of water. It is a mile and a quarter wide at its entrance into Chesapeake bay. Canals are ex- tensively constructed along its banks, for which it affords great facilities. Its whole length is about 450 miles. SosdUEHANNA, county. Pa. Situated in the N. E. part of the state, and contains 875 sq. miles. The surface is hilly and broken ; soil, fertile. Susquehanna r. passes into the n. part of the CO., and returns into N. Y. Drained by branches of Susquehanna r. Capital, Montrose. There were in 1840, neat cattle 23,275, sheep 72,157, swine 16,840; wheat 60,828 bush, produced, rye 17,382, Ind. corn 83,659, buckwheat 44,222, bar- ley 1,830, oats 237,185, potatoes 362,218, sugar 252,137 pounds ; 53 stores, cap. $227,600 ; 8 full- mg m., 3 woollen fac, 18 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 paper fac, 3 printing offices, 1 bindery, 1 week- ly newspaper, 24 grist m., 90 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $i74,705. 5 acad. 104 students, 113 sch. 5,074 scholars. Pop. 21,195, Susquehanna, p-o., Colesville t., Broome co., N. Y., 122 w. s. w. Albany, 304 W. Susquehanna, t., Dauphin co.. Pa. The sur- face generally is moderately uneven ; soil, allu- vion and gravel. Blue mountain crosses its N. part. Watered by Paxton er. Harrisburg lies partly in this t. It has 1 store, cap. $800 ; 1 full- ing m., 1 distillery, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,750. 2 schools 33 scholars. Pop. 1,452. Susquehanna, t., Lycoming co., Pa. It has 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,200. 1 school 40 scholars. Pop. 271. Susquehanna, t., Cambria co., Pa. The sur- face is rolling ; soil, clay and loam. It has 4 grist m., 11 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $900. 3 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 361. SussE.K, county, N. J. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 415 sq. ms. The sur- face is hilly and mountainous ; soil, well adapted to grazing. Drained by Wallkill, Pequannock, Pequest, and Paulenskill crs. Hopatcong pond, which supphes the summit level of Morris canal, lies on its s. e. border. Capital, Newton. There were in 1810, neat cattle 26,346, sheep 23,983, swine 30,236 ; wheat 64,400 bush, produced, rye 228,316, Indian corn 319,618, buckwheat 147,067, oats 217,196, potatoes 201,090; 56 stores, capital $253,220 ; 4 lumber yards, cap. $3,770 ; 5 furnaces, 13 forges, 5 fulling ra., 15 tanneries, 24 distiller- ies, 47 grist m., .57 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $416,825. 5 acad. 172 students, 121 schools 3,369 scholars. Pop. 21,770. SussE.v, county, Del. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 860 sq. ms. The sur- face is level, and partly marshy. It is bounded E. by Delaware bay and the Atlantic. Drained by Nanlicoke r. and its branches, and by Marshy Hope r., which flow into Chesapeake bay, and by Indian r., and Mispillion, Jones, and other small creeks, flowing into Delaware bay. Capi- tal, Georgetown. There were in 1310, neat cat- tle 18,956, sheep 17,996, swine 33,054; wheat 38,099 bushels produced, rye 8,644, Indian com 872,817, potatoes 48,189 ; 111 stores, capital .$252,560 ; 10 tanneries, 2 printing offices, 54 grist m., 78 saw m. Capital in manufac. $98,455. 6 acad. $220 students, 46 sch. 1,309 scholars. Pop 25,093. SussE.x, county, Va. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 465 sq. miles. Drained by Nottoway r. and its branches. Capital, Sus- sex C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,831, sheep 8,030, swine 23,957 : wheat 18,777 bushels produced, Ind. corn 404,793, oats 103,916, tobac- el of fine salt. The location of this place, on the line of the western railroad, and at the junction of 2 impor- tant canals, gives it great facilities for trade, and its growth has been rapid. Syracuse, p-v., Kosciusko co., la., 141 n. by E. Indianapolis, 596 W. T. Taberg, p-v., Annsville t., Oneida co., N. Y., 118 w. N. w. Albany, 402 W. Situated on Fish cr., and contains 1 church, 1 store, 2 grist m., several saw ra., 1 blast furnace, and from 20 to 25 dwellings. Table Grove, p-o., Fulton co.. 111., 71 n. w. Springfield, 849 W. The grove from whicli it is named, is a beautiful tract of timber, of from 150 to 200 acres, elevated and commanding a delight- ful prospect. Tabor Church, p-o., Iredell co., N. C, 159 w. Raleigh, 372 W. Situated in the w. part of the co. Tacoah, p-o., Gilmer co , Ga., 194 n. n. w. Milledgeville, 622 W. Tacketts Mill, p-o., Shafford co., Va. Tafton, p-v., Pike co.. Pa., 175 n. e. Harris- burg, 269 W. Taftsville, p-v., Windsor co., Vt., 54 s. Montpelier, 488 W. Taghkanic, p-t., Columbia co., N. Y., 12 e. Hudson, 41 s. Albany, 347 W. The surface is hilly and mountainous ; soil, clay, loam, and gravel, and very fertile in the valleys. Drained by Copake cr. It has 2 stores, cap. $1,500 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,900. 6 sch. 403 scholars. Pop. 1,674.^ Taghkanic, mts., N. Y., a range in the e. part of the state, 50 ms. long, near the state line, com- mencing in Rensselaer co., and entering Mass., and extending through Columbia and Dutchess coutjties. Its highest summits are in Sheffield, in the s. w. corner of Mass., about 3,000 feet above tidewater. They are a branch of the Green mountains, and divide the waters which flow into Hudson r. from those which enter Long Island sound. Talking Rock, p-o., Gilmer co., Ga., 176 n. w. Milledgeville, 627 W. Talbot, county, Md. Situated toward the e. part of the state, on the e. shore of Chesapeake bay, and ccmtains 250 sq. ms. Choptank river bounds it on the e. Several bays set up from the Chesapeake, the chief of which are Treadhaven and St. Michaels. Wye r. bounds it on the n. w. Capital, Easton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,850, sheep 9,640, swine 14,298; wheat 222,822 bush, produced, rye 4,494, Ind. corn 517,239, buckwheat 34, oats 40,151, potatoes 20,224, tobacco 225 ; 1 commission house, cap. $4,000 ; 29 stores, cap. $85,550 ; 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 6 grist m., 1 saw m., 2 printing offices, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $19,000. 4 acad. 78 students, 21 sch. 870 scholars. Pop. whites 6,063, slaves 3,637, free col'd 2,340 ; total, 12,090. Talbot, county, Ga. Situated s. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 400 square miles. Flint river bounds it on the n. e., by branches of which it is drained. In the w. part some small streams flow to Chattahoochee r. Capital, Talbotton. There were in 1840, TAL 648 TAM tieat cattle 15,822, sheep 6,342, swine 46,023; wheat 71, T-IS bush, produced, rye 1,705, Indian corn 671,130, oats 33,s50, potatoes 16,755, cotton 6,772,393 pounds; 34 stores, cap. $iy9,000; 5 tanneries, 4 flouring m., 38 grist m., 34 saw m. Cap. in manulac. Ii>yy,5()0. 2 acad. 101 students, 17 sch. 610 scholars. Pop. whites 8,861, slaves 6,746, free col'd 20 ; total, 15,627. T.\LB0TT0.\, p-v., capital of Talbot co., Ga., 92 W. s. w. Milledgeville, 726 W. It contains a court house, jail, several stores, 2 churches — 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist — 2 academies, and about 800 inhabitants. Talladega, county, Ala. Situated toward the E. part oftlie state, and contains 1,230 sq. ms. {^oosa r. forms its w. boundary, by branches of which and of Tallapoosa r. it is drained. Capi- tal, Talladega. There were in 1840, neat cattle 16,826, sheep 3,825, swine 3J,803 ; wheat 41,106 bush, produced, Ind. corn 610,357, oats 26,218, potatoes 24,005, rice 2,495 pounds, tobacco 6,028, cotton 2,610,121 ; 17 stores, cap. §107,925; 3 tan- neries, 1 distillery, 15 grist m., 11 saw m., 1 print- ing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manu- fac. $50,632. 6 acad. 182 students, 15 sch. 358 scholars. Pop. whites 7,663, slaves 4,898, free col'd 26 ; total, 12,587. Talladega, p-v., capital of Talladega co., Ala., 116 E. Tuscaloosa, 757 W. Situated on a branch of Coosa r., and contains a court house, jail, and about 600 inhabitants. TALtAFERRO, county, Ga. Situated N. E. of the centre of the state, and contains 13!) sq. ms. Drained by branches of Little r. which flows in- to Savannah r., and by branches of Ogeechee r. Capital, Crawfordsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,4S7, sheep 3,527, swine 12,215; wheat 16,627 bush, produced, Ind. corn 165,411, oats 21,336, potatoes 5,136, tobacco 410 pounds, cotton 1,486,406; 10 stores, cap. $34,000; 1 tan- nery, 9 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufactures, $6,000. 6 sch. 201 scholars. Pop. whiles 2,295, slaves 2,856, free col'd 39 ; total, 5,190. Tallahassee, city, and capital of Leon co., and of the Territory of Florida, 20 n. St. Marks, 292 w. St. Augustine, 896 W. It is situated on a commanding eminence. A fine mill stream flow- ing from several springs, runs on its e. border, falls 15 or 16 feet into a pool scooped out by its own current, and after running a .short distance, sinks into a cleft of limestone rock. The city contains a state house, court house, jail, a market house, a U. S. land office, an academy, masonic hall, 3 churches — 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist, and 1 Presbyterian — a bank, 3 printing offices, 3 week- ly newspapers, a taimery, about 30 stores, 400 dwellings, and 1,616 inhabitants. In the winter of 1842 it contained about 2,500 inhabitants. It is regularly laid out, and has several public squares. Tallahatchee, county, Miss. Situated to- ward the N. w. part of the state, and contains 1,188 sq. ms. Drained by Tallahatchee r. and its branches. Capital, Charleston. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,737, sheep 890, swhie 10,259 ; wheat 1,887 bush, produced, Ind. corn 136,76;», oats 7,046, potatoes 11,930, cotton 1,596,965 pounds ; 5 gri.st m., 2 saw ra., 3 sch. 48 scholars. Pop. whites 1,3J2, slaves 1,591, free col'd 2 ; total, 2,9S5. Tallapoosa, r., Ga. and Ala., rises in Carroll CO., Ga., and flows s. w. into Ala., where, by a various course, it receives numerous small tribu- taries, and becomes a hirge r., and joining with the Coosa r., between Montgomery and Autauga counties, the united stream forms the Alabama river. Tallapoosa, county, Ala. Situated tow-a'rd the E. part of the slate, and contains 910 sq. m». Drained by Tallapoosa r. and its branches. Cap- ital, Dadeville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,991, sheep 1,025, swine 13,738; wheat 11,633 bush, produced, Ind. com 159,580, oats 2,803, po- tatoes 10,484, tobacco 1,530 pounds, cotton 217,609; 12 stores, cap. §41,530 ; 3 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 8 flouring m., 19 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $60,740. 1 acad., 10 sch. 248 scholars. Pop. whiles 4,424, slaves 2,013, free col'd 7 ; total, 6,444. Tallapoosa, p o., Carroll co., Ga., 153 w. N. w. Milledgeville, 741 W. Tallassee, p-v., Tallapoosa co., Ala., 134 E. s. E. Tuscaloosa, 814 W. Situated on the e. side of Tallapoosa r. It contains several stores and about 100 inhabitants. Tallmadge, p-t.. Summit co., O., 128 n. e. Columbus, 332 W. Watered by Cuyahoga r. The soil is fertile and well cultivated. The Pennsylvania and Ohio canal passes through it. In the N. w. part is an extensive bed of bitumin- ous coal, which is wrought and exported. The V. at the centre is pleasantly situated around a public square, from which the roads diverge to the different parts of the t., and contains a Con- gregational church, a store, a large carriage fac, an academy, and a number of dwellings. The t. also contains the flourishing v. of Middlebury, and a part of the large v. of Cuyahoga Falls, which see. It has 8 stores, cap. ,$62,590 ; 2 fur- naces, 1 forge, 2 tanneries, 1 brewery, 2 paper fac, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 2 flouring m., 3 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufactures $123,890. 1 acad. 35 students, 9 sch. 273 schol- ars. Pop. 2,134. Tallmadge, p-t., Ottowa co., Mich., 181 w. N. w. Detroit, (562 W. It has 1 saw m. Cap. iu manufac. $15,000. Pop. 139. Tallmadge, t., Oceana co., Mich. Popula- tion 139. Tallmansville, p-o., Wayne co.. Pa., 195 n. E. Harrisburg, 289 W. Talleyville, po.. New Castle co., Del. Tally Ho, p-o., Granville co., N. C, 43 N. Raleigh, 266 W. Talofa, p-o., Madison co., Flor. Tamaqua. p-b., Schuylkill co.. Pa., 79 n. e. Harrisburg, 189 W. Situated on Tamaqua or Little Schuylkill r., at the n. termination of the railroad communication with Port Clinton. It was founded in 1829, and contains 3 stores, and about 35 dwellings. It is surrounded by abun- dance of excellent anthracite coal, in a wild, mountainous, and sterile country. It is chiefly dependent on the coal trade. It has 3 stores, cap. $18,0(X) ; 1 brewery. Cap. in manufactures .$1,720. Pop. 465. Tamarwa, p-v., St. Clair co.. III., 114 s. by vv. Springfield, 823 W. Pleasantly situated in an elevated situation on the w. side of Kaskas- kia r., at the lower end of Twelve Mile prairie. Ta.mpa, bay, Flor., called by the Spaniards, Espiritu Santo, is the largest bay in the Gulf of Mc^iico. It is 40 ms. long, and in one place 35 wide, with from 15 to 20 feet of water on the bar. It is easy of access, and affords a safe anchorage for any number of vessels. It receives Hills- boro r., and at its mouth is Brock Cantonment, beautifully situated. 14 ms. s. e. from this, 3Ianate r. enters, about 1 mile wide at its mouth, and in some places 10 feet deep. Between these rivers, Indian and Alafia rivers enter the bay. Oyster r. enters 20 ms. below Manate r. Little Tampa bay, in its n. part, is an elliptical basin, 10 ms. in diameter, but very shallow. There are TAR 649 TAU numerous islands at the mouth of Tampa bay, and it abounds with fish and water fowls. TaMpa, p-v., and Capital of Hillsboro' coi.,Flor. Situated at the head of Tampa bay. Tam WORTH, p-t., Carroll co., N. H., 55 N. Con- cord, 539 W. The suf face consists of ridges and valleys, and is uneven and rough ; soil, generally fertile. Watered by Bearcamp r., which flows into Ossipee lake, and Conway r., its branch, and by headwaters of Swift r. These streams afford good water power. Chartered in 1766, first set- tled in 1771. It has 3 stores, cap. $3,70a ; 1 full- ing m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,070. 19 sch. 672 scholars. Pop. 1,717. Taney, county. Mo. Situated in the s., to- ward the w. part of the state, and contains 1,428 sq. ms. Drained by White r. and its branches. Capital, Forsyth. There were in 18-40, neat cat- tle 8,133, sheep 2,424, swine 11,496; wheat 6,896 bush, produced, Ind. corn 182,102, oats 5,577, po- tatoes 3,844, tobacco 17,205 pounds, cotton 10,650, sugar 5,900 ; 3 stores, cap. §2,600 ; 3 distilleries, 12 grist m., 6 saw m. Pop, whites 2,212, slaves 40, free col'd 12 ; total, 2,264. Taneytown, p-v., Carroll co., Md., 22 N. n. E. Frederick, 71 .\. N. w. Annapolis, 68 W. It con- tains a number of mills, and some iron works, and about 200 inhabitants, Tangipahao, r., Miss, and La., rises in Pike and Amite counties of the former, and flows s. into the latter, and pursues a course s. by e. to its entrance into Lake Pontchartrain, between St. Tammany and Livingston parishes. It is about 80 miles long. Tangier Islands, Va., in Chesapeake bay, in the N. part of the mouth of Pocomoke bay. Taneyville, p-v., Lycoming co.. Pa. Tanner's Creek, p-o.. Dearborn co., la. Tanner's Store, po., Mecklenburg co., Va., 89 s. w. Richmond, 205 W. Tannersville, p-v., Hunter t., Greene co., N. Y., 50 s. w. Albany, 352 W. Tannersville, p-v., Monroe co.. Pa., 124 n. E. Harrisburg, 218 W. Tappahannoc, port of entry, and capital of Essex county, Va., 50 n. e. by e. Richmond, 112 W. Situated on the s. w. side of Rappahannock r., 50 miles from its mouth in Chesapeake bay. The situation is low and unhealthy. It contains a court house, jail, 1 church, free to all denomi- nations, a female seminary, 4 stores, 30 dwell- ings, and about 300 inhabitants. It has a good harbor. All the shipping belonging to the towns on the r. is entered at the custom house at this place. Tonnage 1840, 4,591. Tapfan, p-o., Harrison, O., 110 e, n. e. Colum- bus, 299 W, Tappan, bay, N. Y., ig an expansion of Hudson T., 22 miles n. of New York City, 10 or 12 miles long, and from 2 to 3 miles wide. The country on its borders is highly picturesque. At the ter- mination of the New York and Erie railroad, on its w. side, a wharf has been extended into it one mile long, to which steamboats of the largest class can come. Tappantown, p-v., Orangetown t., Rockland CO., N. Y., 134 s. by w. Albany, 256 W. Situ- ated 3 miles w. of Hudson river. It contains 2 churches, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 20 dwellings, and ahout 125 inhabitants. It is surrounded by a fertile and highly cultivated country. Here Major Andre was executed as a spy, Oct. 2d, 1780. His remains have since been removed to England, and interred in Westminster Abbey. Tarboro', p-v., capital of Edgecombe co., N. C, 76 E. by N. Raleigh, 262 W. Situated on the w. side of Tar r., at the head of steamboat navi- 82 gation, 85 miles above its mouth, in Pamlico sound. It contains a court house, jail, a bank, an academy, and about 600 inhabitants. Tar, r., N. C, rises in Person co., and flowing, in a general course, s. E. by e., it receives in Edgecombe co. Fishing cr., a large branch from the N., and below Washington it expands into a wide estuary, which is denominated Pamlico r., until it enters Pamlico sound. Its entire length is about 180 miles. Vessels drawing 9 feet of water navigate it to Washington, and small steamboats to Tarborough. Tarentom, p-v.. Deer t., Alleghany co.. Pa., 204 w. by N. Harrisburg, 235 W. Situated on the N. w. side of Alleghany r., and on the Penn- sylvania canal, 18 or 20 miles above Pittsburg, and contains about 40 dwellings. Tariff, p-o., Butler co., O., 117 w. s. w. Co- lumbus, 505 W. Tariffville, p-v., Simsbury t., Hartford co., Ct., 12 N. Hartford, 348 W. Situated on the w, bank of Farmington r. It contains an Episcopal church, and a large carpet fac, employing 175 laborers, and producing, annually, about 132,000 yds. of ingrain carpeting. Tarlton, p-v.. Salt Creek t., Pickawav co., O., 10 N. Circleville, 46 s. Columbus, 391 W. It contains 1 Methodist, 1 German Lutheran, and 1 Presbyterian church, 5 stores, numerous me- chanic shops, 2 tanneries, 60 dwellings, and about 360 inhabitants. Tarpaulin Cove, Mass., 9 w. n. w. Holmes Hole, on the s. e. side of Nashawn island. It ia a good harbor. Tarrytown, p-v., Greenburg t., Westches- ter CO., N. Y., 122 s. Albany, 252 W. Situated on the E. bank of Hudson r., and contains 3 churches, 7 stores, a female academy, the Irving Institute, 100 dwellings, and about 1,000 inhabit- ants. Hero Major Andre was captured in the revolutionary war. North of the v. is " Sleepy Hollow," rendered famous by the legend of Washington Irving. Steamboats run daily to New York, and several sloops are owned here, employed in the river trade. Tarversville, p-v., Twiggs co., Ga-, 50 s. s. w. Milledgeville, 698 W. It contains an acade- my, 2 stores and several dwellings. Tassinong, p-o., Porter co., Ia., 126 n. n. w. Indianapolis, 635 W. Tate, t., Clermont co., O. It has 5 stores, cap. $8,300 ; 3 tanneries, 3 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $8,325. 7 sch. 358 scholars. Pop. 2,364. Tatnall, county, Ga. Situated toward the s. E. part of the state, and contains 1,000 sq. ms, Altamaha r. bounds it on the s. w., and Cannou- chee r. on the n. e. Drained by the Great Ohoo- pee r. and Little Cannouchee r., and Pendleton's and Beard's creeks. Capital, Reidsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,677, sheep 443, swine 2,107 ; wheat 526 bushels produced, Indian com 9,259, potatoes 4,201, cotton 9,537 pounds, sugar 1,865 ; 1 store, 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Pop. whites 1,878, slaves 841, free col'd 5; total, 2,724. Taunton, r., Mass., rises in Plymouth county, and running s. w. falls into Mount Hope bay, a branch of Narraganset bay. It is navigable for sloops of 50 tons, twenty miles, to Taunton, It affords extensive water power. Alewives are abundantly taken in it. Taunton, p-t., and semi-capital of Bristol co., Mass., is situated on Taunton r., which is navi- gable to this place for small vessels, 20 e. by n. Providence, 32i s. Boston, 420 W. Pop. 1830, 6,042 ; 1840, 7,645. First settled in 1637. Canoe and Rumford rivers join Taunton r, in this town, TAZ 650 TED and furnish extensive water power, which lias been well improved in manufacturing. Tiic town contains some good land, which is w-ell cultivated ; but the inhabitants depend chiefly upon manufactures. The village contains a court house, a jail, a town house, 3 banks, and 8 churches — 4 Congregational, 2 Baptist, 1 Episco- pal, 1 Methodist, and 1 Roman Catholic. Iron works were established here as early as 1652, and among its manufactures that of nails is particu- larly distinguished. A railroad connects this place with Boston, and also with New Bedford. There are in the t. 62 stores, cap. $139,800; 4 lumber yards, cap. $19,000 ; 2 furnaces and 2 forges ; hardware and cutlery manufactured to the value of $50,000 ; 1 fulling m., G cotton fac. 19,956 sp., 1 dyeing and printing estab., 1 tan- nery, 1 pottery, 12 saw m., 1 paper fac, 3 print- ing offices, 2 binderies, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $622,950. 2 acad. 179 students, 43 sch. 1,900 scholars. Taxahaw, p-o., Lancaster dist., S. C, 89 n. by K. Columbia, 451 W. Taycheida, p-v.. Fond du Lac co., Wis., 92 n. E. Madison, 949 W. Taylors Bridge, p-o., Sampson co., N. C, 106 s. s. E. Raleigh, 336 W. Taylors Creek, t., Hardin co., O. It has 1 saw m., 2 sch. 36 scholars. Pop. 400. Taylors Mills, p-o., Marion co., Mo., 119 n. N. E. Jefferson City, 933 W. Taylors Stand, p-o., Crawford co., Pa., 249 N. w. Harrisburg, 326 W. Taylors Store, p-o., Franklin co., Va., 169 w. by s. Richmond, 244 VV. Taylorstown, p-v., Buffalo t., Washington CO., Pa., 216 w. Harrisburg, 244 W. It contains several stores, and about 40 dwellings. Taylorsville, p-v.. Upper Makefield t., Bucks CO., Pa., 116 e. Harrisburg, 166 W. Situ- ated on the s. w. side of Delaware r., and con- tains a store and about 10 dwellings. Here is a ferry across the Delaware r., and an act of the assembly was passed in 1831 for the erection of a bridge. Taylorsville, p-v., Hanover co., Va., 22 n. Richmond, 95 W. Situated at the junction of Newfound and South Anna rivers, and at the junction of the Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Louisa railroads. It contains about 100 inhabit- ants. Taylorsville, p-v., capital of Patrick co., Va. Situated on Mayo r., and contains a court house, jail, 2 stores, 1 flouring m., 2 tobacco fac, 1 tannery, 40 dwellings, and about 300 inhabits ants. (See Patrick C. H.) Taylorsville, p-o., Fairfield dist., S. C, 18 N. Columbia, 487 W. Taylorsville, p-v., capital of Johnson co., Tenn., 332 e. by n. Nashville, 392 W. Situated N. of Roan's er., a branch of Wataga r., and con- tains a court house, jail, and about 75 inhabit- ants. Taylorsville, p-t., capital of Spencer co., Ky., 35 s. E. Louisville, 39 vv. s. w. Frankfort, 5S1 W. Situated on the n. side of Salt r., at the junction of Brashear's cr., and contains a court house, jail, a church, and 398 inhabitants. Taylorsville, t., Muskingum co., O. It has 3 sch. 122 scholars. Pop. 785. Taylorsville, p-v., Christian co.. III., 26 s. E. Springfield, 754 W. Tazewell, county, Va. Situated in the s. w. Eart of the state, and contains 1,600 square miles, •rained by Tug fork of Sandy r. and its branch- es, and by head waters of Holston and Chnch rivers, and tributaries of Great Kanawha river. The surface is elevated, and in some parts moun- tainous. Capital, Jeffersonville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,460, sheep 11,170, swine 14,656 ; wheat 33,688 bushels produced, rye 12,965, Ind. corn 149,973, buckwheat 2,103, oats 126,432, potatoes 15,593, sugar 43,664 pounds ; 6 stores, cap. $41,000; 4 tanneries, 32 distille- ries, 14 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,130. Pop. whites 5,466, slaves 786, free col'd 3S ; total, 6,290. Tazewell, county. 111. Situated a little n. of the centre of the state, and contains 1,130 stj. miles. Organized in 1827, from Peoria co. Illi- nois r. runs on its n. w. border. Drained by Mackinaw r., and by branches of Sangamon r. The surface is level, or slightly undulaling ; soil, partly sandy prairie, and partly timbered with oak, and fertile. There are some swamps. Capital, Tremont. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,785, sheep 5,422, swine 19,973; wheat 154,263 bushels produced, rye 1,844, Indian corn 423,751, buckwheat 1,203, barley 4.553, oats 73,630, potatoes 40,272, sugar 4,247 pounds ; 14 stores, cap. $29,450 ; 1 tannery, 3 distilleries, 2 potteries, 2 flouring m., 5 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $48,000. 4 acad. 191 students, 10 sch. 220 scholars. Pop. 7,221 . Tazewell, p-v., capital of 3Iarion co.,Ga., 110 s. w. Milledgeville, 764 W. Siiuaied on the e. side of S. Whitewater cr., a branch of Flint r. It contains a court house, jail, an academy, a church, several stores, and 25 dwellings. Tazewell, p-v., capital of Claiborne co.,Tenn., 221 E. by N. ISashville, 473 W. Situated neai the source of Russell's cr., a tributary of Pow- ell's r. It contains a court house, jail, and abuul 100 dwellings. Tazewell, C.H., p-v., capital of Tazewell co., Va., 234 w. by s. Richmond, 339 W. It has re- ceived the name of Jeffersonville. Situated on the s. side of the n. fork of Clinch r. It contains a court house, jail, 1 church, free to all denomina- tions, 4 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 tannery, 25 dwell- ings, and about 175 inhabitants. TcHocuNNA, r., Ga., rises in Monroe co., runs s. E. and enters Ocmulgee r., between Houston and Bibb counties. It is about 40 ms. long. TcHCJLA, p-v.. Holmes co.. Miss., 77 n. Jack- son, 1,012 W.' Situated on the E. side of Yazoo r., near the s. point of a s. bend in the r., and contains about 200 inhabitants. Teachy's, p-o., and depot, Duplin co., N. C, 93 s. s. e. Raleigh, 323 W. Teaze's Valley, p-o., Kanawha co., Va., 334 w. N. w. Richmond, 371 W. Teavo, t.. Rives co., Mo. It has 5 sch. 93 scholars. Pop. 852. Teche, r.. La., rises in Rapides parish, near Red r., and flowing by a winding course, generally a. s. E., it enters the outlet of Cheti- maches lake in St. Mary's par. Its channel is deep, and the tide flows up it, over 100 ms. Like the Mississippi, the r. is higher than the adjoin- ing country, excepting its immediate banks. It has 8 feet of water on its bar, and 20 feet within, and is navigable 100 ms. to New Iberia. It is about 180 ms. long, and is 200 yds. wide at its mouth. Tecumseh, p-t., Lenawee co., Mich., 57 s. w. Detroit, 511 W. Watered by Raisin r. It has 3 com. houses, cap. $7,000 ; 12 stores, cap. $70,350 ; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $160,000. 1 college, 20 students, 12 sch. 803 scholars. Pop. 2,5it3. Tedrow, p-o., Lucas co., O., 153 n. w. Colum- bus, 489 W. TEN 651 TEN Tee, t., Carroll co., O. It has 4 sch. 116 schol- ars. Pop. 1,372. Tekonsha, p-t., Calhoun co., Mich., 105 w. Detroit, 566 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. The v. is situated on St. Joseph's r., and contains 2 stores, 1 saw m., and about 200 in- habitants. There are in the t. 1 store, cap. $2,800; 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,100. 4 sch. 125 scholars. Pop. 375. Telf.mr, county, Ga. Centrally situated to- ward the .s. part of the state, and contains 950 sq. nis. Dramed by Ocmulgee r., which bounds it on the s. w. and crosses it, and its branches, the principal of which are Turnpike, Horse and White creeks, and by the head waters of Santilla r. Capital, Jacksonville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 12,939, sheep 2,578, swine 1,015; wheat 3,321 bush, produced, Ind. corn 43,192, oats 1,133, potatoes 18,939, rice 3,450 pounds, tobacco 100, cotton 80,780, sugar 22,510 ; 8 stores, cap. $18,600; 1 tannery, 7 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $104,450. 7 sch. 165 scholars. Pop. whites 2,001, slaves 757, free col'd 5 ; total, 2,763. Tellico Plains, p-o., Monroe cc, Tenn., 178 E. s. E. Nashville, 555 W. Teloga Sphings, p-o., Chatooga co., Ga., 191 N. w. Milledgeville, 645 W. Temperance Village, p-o., Alleghany co.. Pa. Temperance, p-o., Amherst co., Va., 118 w. Richmond, 170 W. Temperance, p-o., Telfair co., Ga., 104 s. by E. Milledgeville, 751 W. Temperance Hill, p-o., Moore co., N. C, 73 s. w. Raleigh, 361 W. Tempest Valley, p-o., Washington co., Tenn. Temple, pt., Hillsboro' co., N. H., 44 s. s. w. Concord, 455 W. Drained by branches of Souhegan r. It has 1 store, cap. $2,500 ; 1 tan- nery, 5 sch. \3i scholars. Pop. 576. Temple, t., Franklin co.. Me., 40 n. n. w. Augusta. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. It has no considerable streams. Sandy cr. runs near its e. border. It has 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,425. 2 sch. 79 scholars. Pop. 955. Temple Mills, p-o.. Temple t., Franklin co., Me., 3S N. n. w. Augusta, 619 W. Temple of Health, p-o., Abbeville dist., S. C, 107 w. Columbia, 530 W. Templeton, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 61 w. N. w. Boston, 411 W. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil, adapted to grazing in its more ele- vated parts, and to grain in the valleys. Wa- tered by branches of Miller's and Chicapee rivers. The v. contains 2 churches — 1 Congre- gational and 1 Unitarian — and about 30 dwell- ings. Incorporated in 1762. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $30,000 ; 8 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 4 tanneries, 2 grist ra., 16 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $153,800. 10 sch. 480 scholars. Pop. 1,776. Templeton, p-v.. Prince George co., Va., 36 s. e. Richmond, 156 W. Ten Islands, p-o., Benton co., Ala., 114 e. n. e. Tuscaloosa, 737 W. Ten Mile, p-o., Washington co.. Pa., 223 w. Harrisburg, 239 W. The cr. which gives it its name, is a considerable branch of Monongahelar. Ten Mile River, po., Sullivan co., N. Y., 137 s. w. Albany, 287 W. Ten Mile Spring, p-o., Cattaraugus co., N. Y. Ten Mile Stand, p-o., Meigs co., Tenn., 152 E. s. E. Nashville, 556 W. Tennessee river runs chieQy in the state of the same name, and is the largest tributary of the Ohio. Its most remote sources are Clinch r. and Holston r., which rises in the Alleghany mountains in Virginia. Its other head branches are Nolachucky, French Broad, Tellico and Richland. The Holston and Clinch, of which the others are branches, unite about 45 miles s. of w. from Knoxville, forming the Tennessee proper, which then pursues a s. w. direction across the state, and enters the state of Alabama, in which it pursues a westerly course for 150 or 200 miles, and then turns n., and crosses the state of Tennessee, and the western part of Kentucky, and enters the Ohio IH ms. below the mouth of Cumberland river, and 47i miles above the entrance of the Ohio into the Jlississippi, by the course of the river. It receives, through its whole course, many tributaries, none of which are of very great extent. The whole descent of the river from its most remote source to its mouth, is about 1,700 feet; its whole length by the course of the river is nearly 1,200 miles, being longer than the Ohio below Pittsburg. It drains a sur- face of 41,000 square miles. There are no per- pendicular falls, and few rapids which obstruct navigation, through its whole course. The greatest obstruction is the Muscle shoals in Ala- bama. Florence, at the foot of these rapids on the N. side, is 259 miles from its mouth, and to this distance steamboats come, during high wa- ter. A canal has been made aroimd these shoals 36 miles in length, but is designed to be extend- ed further ; and above, the navigation for boats is unobstructed for 250 miles. At that distance occurs the suck or whirl, in which the river passes a large projecting rock on the n. side, causing a sudden bend in the river, which pro- duces the whirl. The whirl is at the entrance into the Cumberland mountains, above which the country is rough, and the navigation is more dif- ficult. The river being rapid, is chiefly favora- ble to navigation down the stream. TENNESSEE. Tennessee, one of the western United States, is bounded n. by Kentucky ; e. by North Caro- lina ; s. by Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi ; and w. by the Mississippi river, which separates it from Arkansas and Missouri. It lies between 35° and 36° 30' n. lat., and between 81° 30' and 90° 10' w. Ion., and between 4° 39' and 13° 14' w. from W. It is at its mean length 400 miles, and its mean breadth 114 miles; containing 45,600 square miles, or 29,184,000 acres. The population in 1790, was 35,691 ; in 1800, 105,602 ; in 1810, 261,727; in 1820, 422,813; in 1830, 631,904; in 1840, 829,210, of which 183,059 were slaves. Of the free population 325,434 were white males ; 315,193 do. females ; 2,796 free colored males ; 2,728 do. females. Employed in agriculture, 227,739 ; in commerce, 2,217; in manufactures and trades, 17,815; navigating the ocean, rivers, &c., 337; learned professions, 2,042. This state is divided into 72 counties, which, with their population in 1840, and their capitals, were as follows : Eastern Disinct— Anderson, 5,658, Clinton ; Bledsoe, 5,676, Pikeville ; Blount, TEN 652 TEN 11,745, Marysville; Bradley, 7,385, Cleveland; Campbell, 6,149, Jacksborough; Carter, 5,372, Elizabethtown ; Claiborne, 9,474, Tazewell ; Cocke, 6,992, Newport; Granger, 10,572, Rui! ledge; Greene, 16,076, Greeneville ; Hamtlton, 8,175, Dallas; Hawkins, 15,035, Rogersville Jefferson, 12,076, Dand ridge ; Johnson, 2,658, Taylorsville ; Knox, 15,485, Knoxville ; Marion 6,070, Jasper; McMinn, 12,719, Athens ; Meigs, 4,794, Decatur; Monroe, 12,056, Madisonville ; Morgan, 2,660, Montgomery; Polk, 3,570, Bentonville ; Rhea, 3,985, Washington; Roane, 10,948, Kingston ; Sevier, 6,442, Sevierville ; Sullivan, 10,736, Biountville ; Washington, 11,751, Jonesborough. Middle District— Bedforv, 20,546, Shelbyville ; Cannon, 7,193, Wood- bury ; Coffee, 8,184, Manchester; Davidson, 30,509, Nashville; De Kalb, 5,868, Smithville ; Dickson, 7,074, Charlotte ; Fentress, 3,550, JamestowTi ; Franklin, 12,033, WincheBter; Giles, 21,494, Pulaski; Hickman, 8,618, Centreville ; Humphreys, 5,195, Reynoldsburg ; Jackson, 12,872, Gaineshorough ; Lawrence, 7,121, Lawrenceburg ; Lincoln, 21,493, Fayetteville ; Mar- shal, 14,555, Lewisburg; Maury, 28,186, Columbia; Montgomery, 16,927, Clarksville ; Over- ton, 9,279, Monroe; Robertson, 13,801, Springfield; Rutherford, 24,280, Murfreesborough ; Smith, 21,179, Carthage; Sumner, 22,445, Gallatin ; Stewart, 8,587, Dover; Warren, 10,803, McMinnville ; Wayne, 7,705, Waynesborough ; White, 10,747, Sparta ; Williamson, 27,006, Franklin; Wilson, 24,460, Lebanon. Western District— BEfiTON, 4,772, Camden; Carroll, 12,362, Huntingdon; Dyer, 4,484, Dyersburg ; Fayette, 21,501, Somerville ; Gibson, 13,639, Trenton ; Hardeman, 14,563, Bolivar ; Hardin, 8,245, Savannah ; Haywood, 13,870, Brov\T)s- ville ; Henderson, 11,875, Lexington; Henry, 14,906, Paris; Lauderdale, 3,435, Ripley; Madison, 16,530, Jackson; McNairy, 9,385, Purdy ; Obion, 4,814, Troy ; Perry, 7,419, Perry- ville; Shelby, 14,721, Raleigh; Tipton, 6,800, Covington ; Weakley, 9,870, Dresden. Nashville, on the s. bank of Cumberland river, is the seat of government. Cumberland mountains run through the middle of the state, in the direction of n. e. and s. w., dividing it into two parts, denominated East Tennessee and IV'e^^ Tennessee. The western part of Tennessee is level, or gently undulating ; in the middle it is hilly. East Tennessee abounds in mountains, many of them elevated, presenting much grand and picturesque scenery. Of the mountains, Cumberland, or Great Laurel ridge, is the most remarkable. It nowhere has an eleva- tion of more than 1,000 feet. The names of the other mountains are Stone, Yellow, Iron, Bald, Smoky, and Unika, which form a chain in a n. e. and s. vv. direction, and constitute the eastern boundary of the state. Northwest of these are Bay's mountain. Copper ridge. Clinch mountain, Powell's mountain, and Welling's ridge, with valleys between them from 5 to 10 miles wide. These valleys open passages for rivers and roads. Caves of great depth and extent are found throughout the state. The soil is various, but generally fertile. The western part has a black, rich soil ; in the middle are great quantities of excellent land ; in the eastern part the mountains are poor, but the valleys are very fertile. The country has a great profusion of native timber, poplar, hickory, walnut, oak, beach, sycamore, locust, cherry, sugar-maple, &c., and in some parts are great quantities of cane, very thick and strong. There are many medicinal plants, such as snakeroot, ginseng, Carolina pink, angelica, senna, anise, and spikenard. The soil produces abundantly cotton and tobacco, the staple commodities of tlie state ; also grain, grass, and fruit. Cattle are extensively exported from East Tennessee. In 1840 there were in this state, 341,409 horses and mules ; 822,851 neat cattle ; 741,593 sheep,- 2,926,607 swine ; poultry valued at $606,969. There were produced 4,569,692 bushels of wheat ; 4,809 of barley ; 7,035,678 of oats ; 304,320 of rye ; 17,118 of buckwheat ; 44,986,188 of Ind. corn ; 1,060,332 pounds of wool ; 850 of hops ; 50,907 of wax ; 1,904,370 bushels of potatoes ; 31,233 tons of hay ; 3,344 of hemp and flax ; 29,550,432 pounds of tobacco ; 7,977 of rice ; 27,701,277 of cotton ; lj217 of silk cocoons ; 258,073 of sugar. The products of the dairy were valued at $472,141 ; and of the orchard at $367,105; value of lumber produced, $217,606 ; 3,336 barrels of tar, pitch, &c., were made. A eonsiderable portion of this state rests on a bed of limestone. Gypsum in large quantities has been discovered. Copperas, alum, nitre, and lead, are among the minerals, and some silver has been found. Saltpetre forms a considerable article ofcommerce. Many salt springs, and some valuable mineral springs, have been found. The climate is mild and generally healthy. The winter in Tennessee resembles the spring in New England. Snow seldom falls to a greater depth than 10 inches, or lies longer than 10 days. Cumberland river has been frozen over but three or four times since the country was settled. Cat- tle are rarely sheltered in winter. Some low grounds in the western part of the state are subject to bilious fevers and fever and ague, but they constitute but a very small portion of the slate. The usual route to a market is down the Cumberland and Tennessee rivers to the Ohio, and thence to New Orleans. Foreign goods come extensively from the east through Pittsburgh. Cat- tie, in considerable numbers, are driven from East Tennessee to an eastern market. Tennessee river, though it has not its rise nor its entrance, has its chief course in this state. It TEN 653 TEN is 1,200 miles long, and is navigable for steamboats to Florence in Alabama, 259 miles above ita entrance into the Ohio, and for boats 250 miles further. Cumberland river rises in Kentucky, but runs mainly in Tennessee. It is navigable for steamboats 200 miles to Nashville, and for boats 300 miles further. It enters the Ohio in Kentucky, 60 miles from the Mississippi. The Holston, Clinch, French Broad, and Hiwassee, are branches of the Tennessee. Obion, Forked Deer, and Wolf rivers, in the western part of the state, flow into the Mississippi, and are navigable for boats, Nashville is the largest and most commercial place in the state. Knoxville, on the Holston river, is the principal town in East Tennessee, and was formerly the seat of government. Mur- freesborough, in West Tennessee, was formerly the seat of government, and is in the midst of a fertile country. Memphis, on the Mississippi, is a place of considerable business. Clarksville, Franklin, Jone.sboro', Winchester, and Columbia, are considerable places. There were in 18-10, 13 commercial and 52 commission houses engaged in foreign trade, with a capital of $1,495,100; 1,032 retail drygoods and other stores, with a capital of $7,357,300; 1,126 persons employed in the lumber trade, with a capital of $6,700 ; 31 persons employed in internal ti'ansportation, who, with 5 butchers and packers, employed a capital of $93,811. The amount of home-made or family goods wa.s $2,886,661. There were 26 woollen manufac- tories and 4 fulling mills, employing 45 persons, producing articles to the amount of $14,290, with a capital of $25,600 ; 38 cotton manufactories with 16,813 spindles, employing 1,542 persons, pro- ducing articles to the amount of $3J5,719, with a capital employed of $463,240; 34 furnaces, pro- duciiig 16,128 tons of cast iron, and 99 forges, &c., producing 9,673 tons of bar iron, employing 2,266 persons, and a capital of $1,514,736 ; 4 persons produced gold to the amount of $1,500, with a capital of $400 ; 2 smelting houses for lead ; 21 persons produced 13,942 bushels of bituminous coal ; 5 paper manufactories produced articles to the amount of $46,000 ; other manufactories of paper produced articles to the amount of $14,000, the whole employing 87 persons, and a capital of $93,000 ; 177 persons produced hats and caps to the amount of $104,949 ; 454 tanneries employed 909 persons, and a capital of $481,114; 374 other leather manufactories, as saddleries, &c., produced articles to the amount of $359,050, with a capital of $154,540 ; 29 potteries employed 50 persons, producing articles to the amount of $51,600, with a capital of $7,300 ; 266 persons pro- duced machinery to the amount of $257,704 ; 142 persons manufactured hardware and cutlery to the amount of $57,170; 34 persons manufactured 564 small-arms; 11 persons manufactured the precious metals to the amount of $28,460 ; 10 persons manufactured granite and marble to the amount of $5,400; 417 persons produced brick and lime to the amount of $119,371 ; 1,426 distiller- ies produced 1,109,107 gallons, and 6 breweries produced 1,835 gallons, the whole employing 1,341 persons, and a capital of $218,182; 518 persons manufactured carriages and wagons to the amount of $219,897, employing a capital of $80,878 ; 28 ropewalks employed 258 persons, producing arti- cles to the amount of $132,630, and employing a capital of $S4,230; 255 flouring mills produced 67,831 barrels of flour, and, with other mills, employed 2,100 persons, producing articles to the amount of $1,020,664, and employing a capital of $1,310,195; 203 persons manufactured furniture to the amount of $79,580, with a capital of $30,650 ; 193 brick or stone houses, and 1,098 wooden houses, were built by 1,467 persons, at a cost of $427,402 ; 41 printing offices, 5 binderies, 2 daily, 6 semi-weekly, and 33 weekly newspapers, and 10 periodicals, employed 191 persons, and a capi- tal of $1 12,500. The whole amount of capital employed in manufactures was $3,731,530. Greenville College, at Greenville, in East Tennessee, was founded in 1794 ; Wasliington Col- lege, in Washington county, was founded in 1794 ; the University of Nashville, in Nashville, the most important literary institution in the state, was founded in 1806 ; East Tennessee College, at Knoxville, was founded in 1807 ; Jackson College, near Columbia, was founded in 1830. The Southwestern Theological Seminary, at Marysville, was founded in 1821. The number of stu- dents in all these institutions in 1840, was 369. There were in the state 152 academies, with 5,539 students ; and 983 common and primary schools, with 25,099 scholars. There were 53,531 white persons, over 20 years of age, who could neither read nor write. In 1836 the Methodists had 127 travelling preachers, and 34,266 communicants ; the Baptists had 413 churches, 219 ministers, and 20,472 communicants ; the Presbyterians had 120 churches, 90 ministers, and 10,000 communicants ; the Episcopalians had 1 bishop and 8 ministers. There were besides many Cumberland Presbyterians, and some Lutherans, Friends, Christians, and Catholics. At the commencement of 1839 there were in the state 1 bank and 7 branches, with an aggregate capital of $2,292,757, and a circulation of $742,542. The state debt at the close of 1840, was $1,789,166. The constitution of this state was formed in 1796, at Knoxville. This constitution was revised and amended, and ratified by the people, in March, 1835. The governor is elected by the people for 2 years, but is not eligible more than 6 years in 8. The representatives are chosen biennially, and their number cannot exceed 75 until the population is 500,000, and never afterwards exceed 99, apportioned among the different counties according to the number of qualified voters. The sena- TER 654 TEX tors are chosen and apportioned in like manner, and can never exceed one third the number of representatives. The legislature meets biennially, at Nashville, in October following the election. It can be called together at other times, by the governor, if necessary. The judges of the supreme court are chosen by the joint ballot of both houses of the legislature, and hold tlieir offices during 12 years. Every white person over 21 years of age, who is a freeholder in the county where he offers his vote, or who has resided in the county 6 months immediately preceding the election, enjoys the right of suffrage. The internal improvements of Tennessee consist of several railroads. Lagrange and Memphis rail- road extends from Memphis, on the Mississippi, 50 ms. to Lagrange, in Lafayette county. Somerville branch extends from the main road at Moscow, 16 miles, to Somerville. The Hiwassee railroad extends from Knoxville, 98s rniles, to the Georgia line, where it unites with the Western and Atlantic railroad of Georgia. The New Orleans and Nashville railroad is designed to pass through this state. This state was originally included in the charter of North Carolina given by Charles IL, in 1664 ; but no settlement had been made beyond the Alleghany mountains until 1757, when a few hardy pioneers established themselves at Fort Loudon, on Watauga river. This fort was attacked by the Indians in 1760, when more than 200 men, women, and children, were massacred. But the sav- ages were chastised and subdued by Col. Grant and his troops the following year, and a favorable treaty was made by the natives. In 1765 settlements began on the Holston river. During the earlier parts of the revolutionary war the people of this territory had frequent contests with the Indians, and, in the latter part of it, with the combined forces of the British and Indians. In 1784 North Carolina ceded this territory to the United States, but soon repealed the act, and the people set up an independent government, calling it the State of Frankland, which brought them into col- lision with North Carolina. The territory was finally ceded to the United States in 1790, and a territorial government was established under the name of the Territory Southwest of the Oliio river. In 1796, Tennessee was admitted into the Union. The citizens of this state bore aa important part in the last war, and particularly in the defence of New Orleans. Tennessee Iron Works, p-o., Montgomery CO., Tenn. Tennessee River, p-o., Macon co., N. C, 341 w. by s. Raleigh, 571 W. Tennille, p-o., Washington co., Ga. Tensaw, r., Ala. It is the eastern outlet of Mobile r., 8 ms. below the union of Tombigbee and Alabama rivers, which form the 3Iobile r. It flows s. by Blakeley, and enters Mobile bay by several mouths. A little below, where it leaves Mobile r., it contains a considerable island. Tensaw, r.. La., rises in Chicot co., Ark., and flowing s. by w. nearly parallel with the Missis- sippi, falls into the Washita r. It flows through liie parishes of Carroll and Madison, and forms the boundary between Concordia and Cattahoula parishes. Tensaw, p-o., Baldwin co., Ala., 117 a. Tu.s- caloosa, 969 W. Terre Bonne, parish. La. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 1,850 sq. ms. Bounded s. by the Gulf of Mexico. The surface is low and level. Drained by Terre Bonne, Pe- tite, and Grand Bayou Cailloux, and Bayou de Large rivers. Much of the soil is too low for cultivation, but on the banks of the streams it is very fertile, well adapted to the sugar cane. Capital, Williamsburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,764, sheep 1,013, swine 5,473; Ind. corn 115,002 bush, produced, potatoes 28,283, rice 17,8S0 pounds, cotton 1,003,850, sugar 6,875,600 ; 1 store, cap. $10,000. 2 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. whites 2,075, slaves 2,300, free col'd 35: total, 4,410. Terre Coupee, p-v., St. Joseph co., la., 163 n. Indianapolis, 645 W. Terre Haute, p-v., capital of Vigo co., la., 73 w. Indianapolis, 644 W. Pleasantly situated on elevated ground, on the e. bank of Wabash r. The national road crosses the r. here on a fine bridge. It contains a court house, jail, 2 churches — 1 Congregational and 1 Methodist — a bank, a fine market house, a seminary, 2 steam mills, a brewery, 5 commission houses, 50 stores, and about 2,000 inhabitants. Terrapin Creek, p-o., Cherokee co., Ala., 194 N. E. Tuscaloosa, 691 W. Terre Salis, p-o., and Salt Works, Clay co., Ky. Terrysville, p-v., Plymouth t., Litchfield CO., Ct., 21 w. s. w. Hartford, 341 W. It is cel- ebrated for its extensive manufacture of wooden clocks. Terrysville, p-v., Abbeville dist., S. C, 104 w. Columbia, 551 W. Terrytown, p-v., Bradford CO., Pa., 149 n. by E. Harrisburg, 260 W. Tete des Mort, p-o., .Tackson co., Iowa. Tewksburv, p-t., Middlesex co., Mass., 21 n. w. Boston, 449 W. The surface is level ; soil, light and sandy. Merrimac r. bounds it on the N. w., and Concord r. on the w. Shawsheen r. passes thro\igh it. The v. contains a Unitarian church. The Boston and Lowell railroad passes through a corner of the t. on the w. Incorporated in 1734. There are in the t. 2 stores, cap. S!2,6U0 ; 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cup. in inanu- fac. $3,200. 6 sch. 440 scholars. Pop. 906. Tewksbury, t., Hunterdon co., N. .1., 14 n. e. Flemington. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay and loam, fertile and well cultivated. Drained by Rockaway cr. and its branches, and by Laming- ton r. It contains the villages of New German- town and Pottersville. Tliere are in the t. 9 stores, cap. $22,200 ; 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,450. 8 sch. 274 scholars. Pop. 1,944. Te.xas, p-o., Mexico t., Oswego co., N. Y., 165 w. N. w. Albany, 337 W. Texas, t., Wayne co.. Pa. Drained by Sax- awaxen cr. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 2 tan- neries, 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $3,250. 7 sch. 172 scholars. Pop. 1,094. Texas, t., Kalamazoo co., Mich. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 3 sch. 59 scholars Pop. 249. THO 655 THO Texas, p-o., IMeriwether co., Ga., 95 w. Mil- ledgeville, 714 W. Thames, r., Ct., formed by the union of She- tucket and Yantic rivers, at Norwich City, whence it flows s. 14 ms. to Long Island sound, at New London. It is navigable for sloops and steamboats to Norwich City. The harbor at its moutli at New London is the best in the state, and one of the best in the United States, defended by Fort Trumbull in New London, and Fort Griswold in Groton, opposite. The Corner, p-o., Ulster co., N. Y., 77 s. s. W. Albany, 336 W. The Exchange, p-o., McCracken co., Ky., 281 w. s. w. Frankfort, 806 W. The Forks, p-o., Somerset co., Me., 84 n. n. W. Augusta, 679 W. The Forks, p-o., Fauquier co., Va. The Meadows, p-o., Bedford co., Va. The Plains, p-o., Fauquier co., Va., 119 n. w. Richmond, 55 V^^. The Purchase, p-o., Harrison t., Westchester CO., N. Y., 133 s. by e. Albany, 2S8 W. It con- tains a Friends church and a iiew dwellings. Theresa, p-t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 183 N. w. Albany, 435 W. The surface is uneven and broken; soil, indifferent. Drained by Indian r. Organized in 1841. The v. is situated on Indian r., and contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 30 dwellings, and about 175 inhabitants. Thetford, p-t., Orange co., Vt., 43 s. s. e. Montpelier, 498 W. The surl'ace is uneven and rough ; soil, fertile, well adapted to grazing. Connecticut r. bounds it on tlie e. Watered by Omporapanoosuc r., which here receives a branch, both of which afford good water power. The v., at the centre, contains a Congregational church, an academy, several stores, and a number of neat dwellings. There are 2 other small villages on Ompompanoosuc r. It has 6 stores, cap. $20,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 13 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $35,180. 2 acad. 176 students, 17 sch. 706 scho- lars. Pop. 2,065. The Village, p-o., Point Coupee par., La. Thibodeauxville, p-v., capital of La Fourche par., La., 106 s. w. New Orleans, 1,243 W. Sit- uated on the s. w. side of Bayou La Fourche, and contains a court house and jail, and about 400 inhabitants. Thomas, county, Ga. Situated toward the s. w. part of the state, and contains 1,089 sq. ms. Drained by Ocklockonee r. and its branches, and by branches of Withlacoochee r. Capital, Tho- masville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 24,699, sheep 2,798, swine 17,960; wheat 1,040 bush, produced, rye 703, Indian corn 149,736, oats 3,341, potatoes 49,169, rice 23,625 pounds, cotton 1,565,262, sugar 52,445; 17 stores, cap. 91,650; 13 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,525. 2 acad. 36 students, 8 sch. 169 scholars. Pop. whites 3,810, slaves 2,930, free col'd 26; total, 6,766. Thomaston, p-t., Lincoln co.. Me., 42 s. e. Augusta, 619 W. Situated between Penobscot bay on the e., and St. George's r. on the w. It contains an abundance of limestone, and lime is made to the amount of 300,000 casks annually. Large ships come up St. George r. to this t., 12 ms. from the ocean. The Maine state prison is located here, situated on the bank of St. George r., on which is found a blue granite, which the prisoners are extensively employed in cutting, and preparing for exportation. The buildings, which are spacious and commodious, have at- tached to them 10 acres of ground. Major-ge- neral Henry Knox, of the revolutionary army, died here, in 1807, and was buried in the middle of a thick cedar grove, on his own ground, near his beautiful dwelling. It has 90 stores, capital $131,400; Slumberyards, cap. $1,050; 2 fulling m., 1 pottery, 2 priming offices, 2 weekly news- papers, 3 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $211,410. 1 college 15 students, 3 acad. 166 stu- dents, 27 sch. 2,423 scholars. Pop. 6,227. Thomaston, p-v., capital of Upson co^ Ga., 81 w. by s. Milledgeville, 703 W. It contains a court house and jail, 2 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist — an academy, 6 stores, and 30 dwell- ings. Thomastown, p-v., Leake co., Miss., 52 n. e. Jackson, 994 W. Thomasville, p-v., capital of Thomas co., Ga., 231 Milledgeville, 888 W. Thomasville, p-v., Washington co., Tenn., 291 E. Nashville, 420 W. Situated on the s. bank of Nolachueky r. Thompson, p-t., Windham co., Ct., 48 e. n. e. Hartford, 384 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly loam, and fertile. Drained by Quinne- baug, French, and Five Mile rivers, which afford good water power. It contains 4 churches — I Congregational, 2 Baptist, and 1 Methodist. The v., at the centre, is on elevated ground, and con- tains a Congregational and a Baptist church, a bank, 4 stores, a printing office, and about 30 dwellings, many of them neat. There is a man- ufacturing v. in the s. part of the t. There are in the 1. 15 stores, cap. $26,100 ; 1 tannery, 7 gri.st m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $424,650. 1 acad. 30 students, 15 sch. 827 scholars. Pop. 3,535. Thompson, t., Sullivan co., N. Y., 110 s. w Albany. The surface is hilly ; soil, sandy and gravelly loam. Drained by Mongoup and Ne- versink rivers. It contains the v. of Monticello, the capital of the co. It has 8 stores, capital $30,300; 1 fulling m., 4 tanneries, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 2 grist m., 22 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $126,700. 18 sch. 741 scholars. Pop. 2,610. Thompson, p-t., Susquehanna co.. Pa., 184 n. N. E. Harrisburg, 2S4 W. It has 1 tannery. Cap. in manufac. $2,300. 5 sch. 125 scholars. Pop. 325. Thompson, p-t., Geauga co., O., 190 n. e. Co- lumbus, 349 W. It has 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 4 saw m., 8 sch. 538 scholars. Pop. 1,028. Thompson, t., Seneca co., O. It has 1 pot- tery, 2 saw m., 5 sch. 180 scholars. Pop. 1,404. Thompson, t., Delaware co., O. Situated on the w. side of Scioto r. It has 5 sch. 136 scho- lars. Pop. 660. Thompson, p-v., Warren co., Ga., 38 w. Au- gusta, 56 N. E. Milledgeville, 615 W. A depot on tiie Ga. railroad. Thompson, t., Pike co., Ark. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,800. Pop. 390. Thompson's, p-o., Fairfield dist., S. C, 24 «. Columbia, 506 W. Thompson's Cross Roads, p-o., Louisa co., Va., 53 N. w. Richmond, 102 W. Situated on the s. side of S. Anna r., and contains a Baptist church, 2 cabinet fac, and several dwellings. Thompson's Store, p-o., Guilford co., N. C. Thompsqntown, p-v., Juniata co.. Pa., 36 n. w. Harrisburg, 145 VV. Situated on the Juniata r. and on the Pa. canal. It contains several stores, 55 dwellings, and about 350 inhabitants. Thompsonville, p-v., Enfield t., Hartford co., Ct., 20 N. Hartford, 355 W. Situated on Fresh- water r., at its entrance into Connecticut r., about 1 m. N. of Enfield bridge. It has a large man ufactory of carpets, with 120 looms, producing THO 656 TIC 800 yards daily. The v. contains about 800 in- habitants. Thomfsonville, p-v., Thompson t., Sullivan CO., N. Y.. 105 s. s. w. Albany, 299 W. It con- tains 2 stores,, 1 grist m., 1 carding manhine and fulling m., 3 saw m., 2 tanneries, 25 dvvellings, and 150 inhabitants. Thomfsonville, p-o., Culpepper co,, Va., 108 N. N. w. Richmond, «0 W. Thornburg, p-v., Spottsylvania co., Va., 76 n. N. w. Richmond, 70 W. Situated on both sides of Ta r., and contains 1 Baptist church, 1 store, 1 flouring m., and 1 tannery. Thornbijry, p-t., Chester co., Pa., 20 s. w. Philadelphia, 76 e. s. e. Harrisburg, 118 W. The surface is level; soil, sandy loam. Drained by Chester cr. and Brandywine r. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000. Pop. 230. Thornbijry, t., Delaware co.. Pa., 20 w. Phil- adelphia, 87 E. by s. Harrisburg. The surface is hilly ; soil, sandy loam. Drained by Chester cr. The v., at the centre, is called Thornton. The t. has 2 stores, cap. $4,500 ; 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,800. 4 sch. 104 scholars. Pop. 675. Thorn, t.. Perry co., O. It has 8 stores, cap. $16,200 ; 3 tanneries, 10 sch. 270 scholars. Pop. 2,007. Thornbyville, p-o., Boone co., la., 19 n. n. w. Indianapolis, 590 W. Thorndike, p-t., Waldo co., Me., 42 n. e. Au- gusta, 637 W. Tiie surface is agreeably diver- sified ; soil, fertile, adapted to grain. Drained by a branch of Sebaslicook r. Incorporated in 1819. It has 1 store, cap. $6,000 ; 3 saw m., 240 schol- ars in schools. Pop. 897. Thornapple, t., Barry co., Mich. It has 2 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 99. Thorn Hill, p-o., Orange co., Va., 71 N. w. Richmond, 103 W. Thorn Hill, p-o., Walker co., Ala., 74 n. Tuscaloosa, 797 W. Thorn Hill, p-o., Grainger co., Tenn., 2^9 e. Nashville, 461 W. Thornton, p-t., Grafton co., N. H., 52 n. by W. Concord, 533 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, fertile, particularly on the streams. Water- ed by Pemigewasset r., and its branch. Mad r., which crosses the s. e. corner. Mill brook has a fall of 42 feet perpendicular. Chartered in 1763 ; first settled in 1770. It has 3 stores, cap. $1,650 ; 1 fulling m., 1 grist m., 5 saw in. Cap. in manu- fac. $2,160. 12 sch. 435 scholars. Pop. 1,045. Thornton, p-v., Thornbury t., Delaware co.. Pa.. 87 E. by s. Harrisburg, 121 W. Thornton, p-t., Coolv co., 111., 192 n. .\. e. Springfield, 737 W. Situated on Thorn cr., in the s. e. part of the co. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 1 saw m., 2 sch. 44 scholars. Pop. 306. Thorntown, p-v., Boone co., la., 35 n. e. In- dianapolis, 606 W. Situated on a branch of Su- gar cr. Thornville, p-v.. Thorn t.. Perry co., O., 35 E. by s. Columbus, 366 W. It contains 1 store and about 200 inhabitants. Thoroughfare, p-v.. Prince William co.,Va., lis N. Richmond, 50 W. It has 2 flouring m. in the vicinity, on Broad run, which affords good water power, and has 12 or 15 dwellings. Thousand Islands, N. Y., situated in the St. Lawrence r., a little below Lake Ontario. The American part of them belong to JetTerson co., and the remainder lie in Canada. The St. Law- rence is here from 2 to 9 ms. in width, and fdled with innumerable small rouky islets, generally covered with cedar and hemlock to the water's edge. The passage between them is sometimes so narrow as scarcely to allow a canoe to go through. The largest islands are Grand and Howe islands, in Canada, and Carlton, Grind' stone, and Wells islands, in the United States. Within the distance of 27 miles, the number i.s .,95i). 1 acad. 20 students, 1 sch. 474 scholars. Pop. 1,664. Troy, p-v., capital of Pike co., Ala., 174 s. e. Tuscaloosa, 863 W. It contains a court house, jail, and about 100 inhabitants. Troy, p-v., Yalabiisha co.. Miss., 119 N. N. E. Jackson, 964 W. Trov, p-v., capital of Obion co., Tenn., 164 w. by N. Nashville, 846 W. Situated on a branch of Obion r. It contains a court house, jail, and about 250 inhabitants. Troy, p-t., capital of Miami co., O., 68 w. by N. Columbus, 46l) W. The v. is situated on the w. bank of Great Miami r. It contains a neat brick court house, a jail, 14 stores, a printing office, and about 2()0 dwellings. There are in the t. 2 sell. 70 scholars. Pop. 1,351. Troy, t., Athens co., O. It has 8 stores, cap. $4,500 ; 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 7 sch. Ill .scholars. Pop. I,05G. Troy, t., Delaware co., O. It has 6 sch. 127 scholars. Pop. 838. Troy, t., Geauga co., O. It has 4 sch. 130 scholars. Pop. 1,203. Troy, t., Lorain co., O. Pop. 289. Troy, t., Richland co., O. Pop. 1,933. Trov, i., Wood co., O. It has 4 sch. 69 schol- ars. Pop. 3 S3. Troy, p-v., capital of Perry co., la., 168 s. s. w. Indianapolis, 687 W. Situated on Ohio r., 1 mile above the mouth of Anderson's cr. It con- tains a court hou.>-e, jail, 1 church, several stores, and about 20l) iniiabitants. Troy, t.. Fountain co., la. It has 30 sch. 407 scholars. Pop. 1,719. Troy, p-t., Oakland co., Mich., 22 n. w. De- troit, 516 W. Watered by head branches of Red river. It has 3 stores, cap. $8,000. Capital in manufactures $850. 9 sch. 6-)2 scholars. Pop. 1,482. Troy, p-v., Milwaukie co., Wis., 73 e, Madi- son, 806 W. Troy, t., Walworth co., Wb. It has 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 432. Troy, p v., capital of Lincoln co.. Mo., 129 e. N. E. Jefferson City, 860 W. Formerly called Wood's Fort. It is situated on the s. w. side of Cuivre r., and contains a court house, jail, and about 300 inhabitants. Troy Furnace, p-o., Orleans co., Vt. Troy Grove, p-o., La Salle co., 111. Situated on Little Vermilion r., 12 ms. above its mouth. Troy Mills, po., Fulton co., 111., 80 n. w. Springfield, 826 W. Troy's Store, p-o., Randolph co., N. C, 67 w. Raleigh, 318 W. Truago, p-v., Monguagon t., Wayne co., Mich., 32 s. Detroit, 511 W. Situated on the w. bank of Detroit r., opposite Grass island. It contains a wharf, a store, and about 10 dwellings. Tru.vville, p-o., Luzerne co.. Pa., 129 n. e. Harrisburg, 236 W. Truhhnsburg, p-v., Ulysses t., Tompkins co., N. Y., 173 w. by s. Albany, 306 W. It contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — a female seminary, 7 stores, 2 grist m., 1 saw m., 2 carriage fac, 1 furnace, 1 carding and cloth dressing fac, 125 dwellings, and about 800 inhabitants. Tru.mb.mjrsville, p-v., Bucks co.. Pa., 95 e. Harrisburg, 174 W. Trumbull, county, O. Situated toward the N. E. part of the state, and contains 875 sq. miles. Drained by Mahoning r., and Musketoe, Shenan- go, Meander, and Mill crs., and by head branches of (irand r. The surface is undulating ; soil, fer- tile, adapted to grazing. It exports cattle, butter, cheese, and grain. It is the oldest county on the Connecticut Reserve, and was named in honor of Gov. Trumbull of Connecticut. The early records of the counties on the Reserve are copied from the records of this county. The Pennsyl- vania and Ohio canal, here called the Mulioning canal, passes through the county. Capital, War- ren. There were in 1840, neat cattle 48,835, sheep 77,486, svvins 41,970 ; wheat. 241,.563 bush, prod., rye 24,858, Ind. corn 383,421, buckwheat 104,557, oats 221,262, potatoes 254,284, sugar 208,359 pounds ; 8 commission houses, capital $10,100 ; 45 store.*, cap. $231,6;)0 ; 8 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 23 tanneries, 4 distilleries, ! brew- cry, 44 grist m., 120 saw m., 3 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $13,200. 1 acad. 179 students, 286 sch. 13,572 scholars. Pop. 33,107. TRtiMBULL, p-t., Fairfield co., Ct., 5 n. Bridge- port, 59 s. w. Hartford. 2S8 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, gravelly loam, and generally fer- tile. Incorporated from Stratford in 17J8. Drain- ed by Pequannock r., which enters Bridgeport harbor. It contains 4 churches — 2 Episcopal, 1 Congregational, and 1 Methodist. It has 3 stores, cap. $5,000; 1 woollen fac, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Capital in manufac. $2,000. 5 sch. 142 scholars. Pop. 1.204. Trumbull, p-t., Ashtabula co., O., 186 n. e. Columbus, 337 VV. Organized in 1825. It has 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,150. 3 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. 431 Trumbull Lo.ng Hill, p-v., Trumbull t., Fairfield co.. Ct., 62 s. w. Hartford, 291 W. It is the first land seen from the ocean in this direction. Trundle's Cross Roads, p-o., Sevier co., Tenn., 198 e. by s. Nashville, 509 W. Truro, p-t., Barnstable co., Mass., 112 s. E. Boston, 513 W. By water it is only 65 ms. from Boston. It occupies the .\. part of Cape Cod. it is bounded n. e. hv the Atlantic, and has Capo Cod bay on the s. E. The soil is light and sandy TUL 665 TUN with a scanty growth of vegetation. The inhab- itants derive their chief subsistence, and a very good one. from the fisherie-s. It has 4 churches — 2 Congregational, 1 Unitarian, and 1 Methodist. Salt is extensively manufactured. First settled in 1700, and incorporated in 1709. It has an in- let from Cape Cod bay, called Pamet r., 3 miles long, and from a half to three fourths of a mile wide. It has 16 stores, cap. $15,700; 4 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $4,600. 1 acad. 52 students, 12 sch. 567 scholars. Pop. 1,920. Truro, t.. Franklin co., O. The soil is gene- rally fertile. Watered by Gahannah and Black- lick crs., which afford water power. First settled from Truro in Nova Scotia. It has 1 school 25 scholars. Pop. 1,103. Truss, p-o., Jefferson co., Ala., 71 n. e. Tus- caloosa, 747 W. Truxton, p-t., Cortland co., N. Y., 12 n. e. Cortland, 130 w. Albany, 327 W. The surface is undulating; siTil, calcareous gravel and argil- laceous loam. Drained by Toughnioga r. The V. contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Baptist church, 4 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 2 sash fac, 1 fur- nace, 1 tannery, 50 dwellings, and about 300 in- habitants. There are in the t. 5 stores, capital $15,400; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 3 tanneries, 5 grist m., 25 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufactures $39,550. 31 sch. 1,205 scholars. Pop. 3,65S. Trvon, p-o., Rutherford co., N. C, 237 w. s. w. Raleigh, 479 W. TucKAiioE. p-o., Jones co., N. C, 109 s. e. Raleigh, 33J W. Tuc'KAHOE, p-o., Jefferson co., Tenn., 203 e. Nashville, 493 W. TucKAiioE Bridge, p-v., Cape May co., N. J., 76 s. Trenton, 186 W. The v. is situated on both sides of Tuckahoe cr., connected by a bridge, 10 IDS. from the sea. It contains several stores, and about 20 dwellings. It exports wood and lumber. TucKASAGA, p-v., Mecklenburg co., N. C, 169 w. s. w. Raleigh, 403 W. TucKASEEKiNG, p-o., Effingham co., Ga., 142 K. s. E. Milledgeville, 664 W. Tucker's Cabin, p-o., Henry co., Ga., 79 w. N. w. Milledgeville, 683 W, Tuckerton, p-v., Little Egg Harbor t., Bur- lington CO., N. J., 69 s. Trenton, 192 W. Situa- ted on Shord's Mill Branch cr., 6 ms. from Little Egg Harbor bay, from which wood-scows and flats ascend to the v. It contains 3 churches — 2 Methodist and 1 Friends — 5 stores, and about 40 dwellings. Timber and wood are exported, and salt is manufactured. It is resorted to in the summer for sea bathing. TuFTONBORouGH, p-t., Carroll co., N, H., 41 E. by N. Concord, 525 W. Winnipiseogee lake bounds it on the s. w., and presents a fine water prospect. It has several ponds, one of which, in the N. E. part, discharges its waters into Ossipvee lake. First settled in 1780 ; incorporated in 1795. It has 3 stores, cap. §5,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,550. 10 sch. 415 scholars. Pop. 1,281. TuLLY, p-t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 10 s. Syra- cuse, 127 w. by N. Albany, 328 W. The surface is generally level ; soil, clay loam, well adapted t<> grazing. Drained by Onondaga creek and Toughnioga river. The v. contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 45 dwelling.s, and about 300 in- habitants. The t. has 3 stores, cap. $21,000; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,600. 9 sch. 540 Bcholars. Pop. 1,663. TuLLY, p-v., Lewis co., Mo., 136 n. by e. Jef- ferson City, 905 W. 84 TuLLY, t., Marion co., O. It has 5 sch< 190 scholars. Pop. 870. TuLLY, t.. Van Wert co., O- Pop. 99. TuLLVTON, p-v., Greenville dist., S. C, lO'J' w. N, w. Columbia, 532 W. TuLLYTOwx, pv., Falls t., Bucks co.. Pa., 119 E. Harrisburg, 159 W. Situated 4 miles from Bristol, on the road to Trenton, and contains 1 store, and 6 or 8 dwellings. TuLLY Valley, p-o., Tully f., Onondaga co., N. Y., 131 w. by n. Albany, 332 W. Tumbling Shoals, p-o., Laurens dist., S. C, 82 w. N. w. Columbia, 508 W. Tu.NBRiDGE, p-t.. Orange co., Vt., 32 s. s. e. Montpeiier, 495 W. The surface is uneven and broken ; soil, a deep, rich loam, with some inter- vales along the streams. Watered by the First Branch of White r., which affords water power. It contains 5 churches, belonging to the Congre- gationalists, Free-will Baptists, Methodists, and IJuiversalists. The v. at tiie centre, on the First Branch of White r., contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 fulling m., and 1 trip-hanv- mer works. There is a sulphur spring in the w. part of the t. There are in the t. 2 tannerie.s, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,700. 1 acad. 40 students, 20 sch. 640 scholars. Pop, 1,811. TuLPEHOCKEN, t., Berks co.. Pa. Tlie sur- face is diversified ; soil, calcareous loam and gravel, and very fertile. Drained by Northkill and Little Northkill creeks, tributaries of Tulpe.- hocken cr. The Union canal passes along its s. border. It contains a church, common to Pres- byterians and Lutherans. It has 2 stores, cap, $6,000; 1 lumber yard, cap. $4,000 ; 1 fulling m.-, 1 woollen fac, 2 forges, 4 tanneries, 5 distilleries, 5 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,220, Pop. 1,581. TuNKHANNOCK, r., Pa., rises in Jackson t., Sus- quehanna CO., at the foot of Ararat nsountain, and flows s. w. through Wyoming co. into Sus- quehanna r., on the n. side of Tunkhannock mountain. It is about 30 ms. long. Tunkhannock, p-t., capital of Wyoming co., Pa., 154 N. N. E. Harrisburg, 259 W. Bounded s. w. by Susquehanna r. The surface is uneven ; soil, fertile along the streams. Drained by Tunk- hannock and Meshoppen creeks. The v. is situ- ated at the moutli of Tunkhannock cr., and con- tains a court house, jail, several stores and me- chanic shops, and a number of dwellings. The t. furnishes a large amount of lumber. Tunk- hannock mountain crosses it diagonally, and near the s. boundary has an elevation of 640 feet. There are in the 1. 12 stores, cap. $63,150 ; 1 full- ing m., 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 3 grist m., 11 sav/ m. Cap. in manufac. $21,56J. 8 sch- 283 schol- ars. Pop. 1,933. Tunica, county. Miss. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 600 sq. ms. Mis- sissippi r. bounds it on the w. Coldvvater r, passes through its n. e- part, by branches of which, and by small streams flowing into Missis- sippi r., it is drained. It contains several small lakes. Capital, Peyton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,863, sheep 77, swine 2,0.i9 ; wheat 436 busli. produced, Indian corn 24,210, potatoes 1,146, cotton 222 pounds; 3 commission houses, cap. $31,000; 2 breweries, 2 grist m.. 2 saw m- Cap. in manufac. $4,900. 1 school 62 scholars. Pop. whites 566, slaves 251, free cord4; total, 821. TuNNELL, p-o., Alleghany co., Md., 153 w. N. w. Annapolis, 112 W. Tln.nell, p-o., Indiana co., Pa., 180 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 208 W. TUR 666 TUS TiiNNELL Hill, po., Murray co., Ga., 200 n. w. Milledgeville, 621 W. Tunnell's Store, p-o., Sussex co., Del. ,'74 s. Dover, 161 W. TuNUNGWANT, p-0., McKeafi co., Pa., 214 n. •w. Harrisburg, 297 W. TuNUNGWANT MiLLS, p-o., Cattaraugus co., N. Y. Tupper's Lake, N. Y. Situated in tlie s. w. part of Franklin co., is 6 miles long and 2 wide, abounding witii excellent trout and otiicr fish. Tupper's Plains, p-o., Orange t., Meigs co., O., 103 s. E. Columbus, 326 W. TuRBUT, t., Noriliumberland co.. Pa., 14 n. SunburJ^ The surface is level ; .soil, calcareous loam and alluvion. Drained by Delaware, War- rior, Muddy, and Limestone runs, flowing into the w. branch of Susquehanna r., which bounds it on the w. It has 5 stores, cap. $20,500 ; 1 tan- nery, 2 distilleries, 3 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $21,550. 8 sch. 415 scholars. Pop. 3,872. TuRBUTviLLE, p o., Turbut t., Northumber- land CO., Pa., 78 N. Harrisburg, 183 W. Turin, p-t., Lewis co., N. Y., 126 n. w. Alba- ny, 435 W. The surface is rolling ; soil, a fertile loam. Drained by small tributaries of Black r. 'J'he V. is situated on a branch of Black r., and contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 6 stores, 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 40 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $19,080 ; 2 tan- neries, 1 (louring m., 2 grist m., 9 saw m , 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $10,400. 16 sch. 571 scholars. Pod. 1,701. Turkey, p-o., Monmouth co., N. J., 39 e. Tren- ton, 205 W. Turkey Cove, p-o., Lee co., Va. Turkey Cove, po., Burke co., N. C, 230 w. Kaleigh, 460 W. Turkey Creek, p-o., Buncombe co., N. C, 14 w. Ashville, 271 w. Raleigh, 501 W. Turkey Foot, p-t., Somerset co.. Pa., 15 s. w. Bedford, 160 w. by s. Harrisburg, 178 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, a fertile loam. Laurel mountain is on the w. and Negro mountain on the E. boundary. Drained by Castleman's r. and Laurel Hill cr., branches of Youghiogheny r. The v. is near the s. boundary, w. of Castle- man's r. There are in tiie t. 1 fulling m., 2 tan- neries, 5 distilleries, 5 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,600. 2 sch. 46 scholars. Pop. 1,122. Turkey Foot, p-o., Henry co., O., 162 n. w. Columbus, 493 W. Turkey Town, p-v., Cherokee co., Ala., 128 N. E. Tuscaloosa, 721 W. Situated a little w. of (^oosa r., and contains about 75 inhabitants. Turman's ('reek, po., Sullivan co., la., 95 s. w. Indianapolis, 666 W. The cr. rises in the n. border of Sullivan co., and flows s. w. into Wa- bash r. Turman's Ferry, p-o., Lawrence co., Ky., 164 E. Franklbrt, 424 W. TuRNnuLi., p-v., Monroe co., Ala., 127 s. Tus- caloo-^a, 919 W. Situated s. of Flat cr. Tuii.NER, p-t., Oxford CO , Me., 30 w. s. w. Au- gusta, 5:i6 W. Androscoggin r. flows on its e. bonier. Drained by a branch of Androscoggin r. The surface is pleasantly diversified ; soil, gen- erally fertile. Incorporated in 1786. It has 10 stores, cap. $7,500 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $900 ; 2 lulling m., 1 tannery, 5 grist m., 8 saw m., 1 oil m. ('ap. in manufac. $21,655. 1 acad. 80 stu- dents. 17 sch. 1,067 scholars. Pop. 2,479. Turner's Hill, po., Overton co., Tenn., 109 E. by N. Nashville, 612 W. Turner's Mills, po., Orange co., N. C. Turner's Store, p-o.. Caroline co., Va., 37 N. Richmond, 88 W. Turner's Store, p-o., Iredell co., N. C, 156 w. Raleigh, 393 W. Turners viLLE, p-v., Robertson co., Tenn., 36 N. N. w. Nashville, 718 W. Situated on a branch of the Sulphur fork of Red r. Turtle Creek, p-o., Alleghany co.. Pa., 187 w. by N. Harrisburg, 213 W. The creek, from which it is named, rises in Salem t., Westmore- land CO., and flows w. 17 ms. into Monongahela r., in Alleghany co. It is navigable for canoes 10 ms. Turtle Creek, t., Shelby co., O. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,200 ; 1 saw m., 4 sch. 84 scholars. Pop. 746. 'Turtle Creek, t., Warren co., O. It has 15 sch. 1,090 scholars. Pop. 4,947. TuscAHOMA, p-o., Washington co., Ala., 112 s. s. w. Tuscaloosa, 930 W. TuscAHOMA, p-v., Tallahatchie co.. Miss., 117 N. Jackson, 986 W. Situated on the s. side of Yallabusha r., and contains about 75 inhabitants. Tuscaloosa, r., Ala., called also the Black Warrior r., which answers to the Chociaw Indian name, Tuscaloosa. It rises from 2 branches — Locust fork, the e. branch, and Mulberry r., the w. branch. The former rises in Ciount co., 20 miles s. of Tennessee r. Mulberry r., which, though shorter, is larger, rises in Lawrence and Walker counties. They unite on the boundary of Jefferson and Tuscaloosa counties, and become the Black Warrior r., which, flowing by Tusca- loosa, unites with the Tombigbee r. in the s. part of Greene co. It is navigable for steamboats to Tuscaloosa, 400 ms. above Mobile, by the course of the r. Tuscaloosa, county, Ala. Situated a litile n. w. of the centre of the state, and contains 1,350 sq. miles. Drained by Black Warrior r. and its branches, and by Sipsey r., a branch of Tombig- bee r. The soil is very fertile. Capital, Tusca- loosa. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,163, sheep 3,159, swine 21,160 ; wheat 17,958 bushels produced, rye 1,352, Indian corn 31^^,222, oats 16,105, potatoes 16,863, cotton 2,576,002 pounds ; 31 stores, cap. $8,000; 4 tanneries, 1 distillery, 5 potteries, 1 flouring ra., 24 grist m., 20 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $13,500. 4 acad. 319 students. Pop. whiles 9,943, slaves 6,554, free col'd 86 ; total, 16,583. Tuscaloosa, city, capital of Tuscaloosa co., Ala., and of the state, 160 s. s. w. Huntsville, 355 N. Mobile, by course of river, 818 W. Situated on the s. e. side of Black Warrior or Tuscaloosa r., at the lower falls, on an elevated plain, at the head of steamboat navigation on the r., 256 miles N. Mobile by land. It contains a handsome state house, a court house, jail, a U. S. land office, 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — a masonic hall, Washington and La Fayette academy, an atheneum for young ladies, a lyceum for boys, the Alabama Institute, a number of stores, and 1,949 inhabitants. The streets are spacious, crossing each other at right angles, and the sta'e house stands in the centre of a public square. About 1 mile E. stand the halls of the University of Alabama, which was founded in 1828, has a president and 7 professors, or other instructors, 63 alunuii, 4 of whom have been ministers of the gospel, 60 students, and 6,000 vols, in its libraries. The commencement is on the Wednesday after the lu'st Monday in December. Tuscarawas, r., O., is the main braiich of Musldngum r. above Coshocton v. It rises in the s. w. part of Portage co., and flows s. and s. TUS 667 TYL W. until it unites with the Walhonding at Coslioc- ton V. to form Mus-kingura r. It is about 80 ms. long above the junction, and is navigable for boats of 7 or 8 tons, in high water, to New Phil- adelphia. Tuscarawas, county, O. Situated centrally in the E. part of the state, and contains 655 sq. tns. Drained by Tuscarawas river, and Sandy, Conoton, Stillwater, and Sugar creeks. Settled in 1803, or 1804, principally by Germans from w. Penn.sylvania. The soil is fertile. Capital, New Philadelphia. Tliere were in 1840, neat cattle 17,448, sheep 32,725, swine 26,535 ; wheat 332,028 bush, produced, rye 29,120, Indian corn 265,973, buckwheat 36,278, barley 1,349, oats 283,285, potatoes 108,2J6, tobacco 15,000 pounds, sugar 100,409 ; 22 commission houses, capital $56,400 ; 57 stores, cap. $105,450; 2 fulling m., 17 tanner- ies, 6 distilleries, 2 potteries, 7 flouring m.. 30 grist m., 71 saw m., 2 oil ra., 1 printing office. Cap. in manufac. $175,250. 143 sch. 9,866 schol- ars. Pop. whites 25,560, free colored 71 ; total, 25,631. TascAUAWAS, p-v., Warwick t., Tuscarawas CO., O., 103 E. Columbus, 315 W. Situated on Tuscarawas r. and the Ohio canal, and contains several stores and about 100 inhabitants. Tuscarawas, t., Coshocton co., O. It has 9 stores, cap. $12,709; 1 furnace, 1 flouring m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $83,300. Pop. 455. Tuscarawas, t., Stark co., O. It has 4 sch. 95 scholars. Pop. 1,792. Tuscarora, cr., N. Y., rises in Steuben co. and flows e. into Canisteo r. Tuscarora, p-c, Sparta t., Livingston co., N. Y., 249 w. Albany, 346 W. Tuscarora, v., Lewiston t., Niagara co., N. Y., 3 E. Lewiston. It is an Indian v., and con- tains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Baptist church, and about 300 inhabitants, and consists of the rem- nant of a powerful tribe who emigrated about 70 j'ears since from N. C. and joined the Five Nations, well known in the early history of the country, constituting a sixth tribe, afterward denominated the Six Nations. An English school is attached to the V. Tuscarora, mts., Schuylkill co.. Pa., lie on the line between Rush and West Penn town- ships, and constitute the w. continuation of Mauch Chunk mt. They abound in anthracite coal, many veins of which have been recently opened. Tuscarora, cr.. Pa., commences in Tell t., Huntingdon co., and flows about 35 ms. n. e., to its entrance into Juniata r. Tuscarora, t., Bradford co.. Pa. Watered by Tuscarora creek. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,0J0 ; 8 saw m. (^ap. in manufac. $6,900. 3 sch. 112 scholars. Pop. 1,020. Tuscarora, t., Juniata co., Pa. Population 1,018. Tuscarora, p-v., Rush t., Shuylkill co.. Pa., 16 N. E. Orwigsburg, 75 n. e. Harrisburg, 185 W. Situated on the w. side of Tuscarora int., at the head of the main branch of Juniata r. It has 12 or 15 dwellings, most of them small, inhabited chiefly by miners. Tuscarora, po., Lee co., Iowa. Tuscarora Vali.ev, p-o., Juniata co., Pa., 55 N. w. Harrisburg, 139 W. Tuscola, county, 3Iich. Situated in the e. part of the peninsula, and contains 800 sq. ms. Bounded n. w. by Saginaw bay of Lake Huron. Drained by Cass r. and its branches. It is un- organized. Tuscola, p-t., Livingston co., Mich. It has 2 8ch. 44 scholars. Pop. 247. Tuscola, t., Saginaw co., Mich. It has 1 saw m. Pop. 55. T.USCU.VIBIA, p-v., Franklin co., Ala., 66 w. Huntsville, 129 n. by w. Tuscaloosa, 732 W. It contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Method- ist, and 1 Campbellite — 2 male and 2 female semi- naries, 16 stores of different kinds, 1 iron foundry connected with the railroad, 200 dwelling.*, and about 2,000 inhabitants. A railroad extends from this place to Decatur, on Tennessee r., for the purpose of passing the JIuscie Shoals in that r. A most extraordinary spring here flows from a large fissure in a limestone rock, which discharges 20,000 cubic feet of water per minute, and it flows a considerable stream, 2i ms. to Tennes- see r. The inhabitants are supplied with water from this spring, and the depth of the stream is 8 feet where it issues from the rock. Tuscu.MBiA, p-v., capiuil of Miller co., Mo., 35 s. w. Jeffer.son City, 971 W. Situated on the n. w. side of Osage r., and contains a court house, jail, and about 50 inhabitants. Tuskegee, p-v., capital of Macon co., Ala., 152 e. s. e. Tuscaloosa, 799 W. Situated on a branch of Tallapoosa r., and contains a court house, jail, and about 500 inhabitants. TuTHiLL, p-v., Shawangunk t., Ulster co., N. Y., 81 s. s. w. Albany, 305 W. It contains 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 fulling m., and a number of dwellings. Twelve Mile, p-o., Pickens dist., S. C, 135 w. N. w. Columbia, 530 W. Twelve Mile, t., Madison co.. Mo. It has 1 sch. 24 scholars. Pop. 412. Twelve Pole, p-o., Cabell co., Va., 363 w by N. Richmond, 406 VV. Twenty 31ile Stand, p-o., Deerfield t., War- ren CO., O., 10 s. w. Lebanon, 100 w. s. w. Co- lumbus, 473 W. Twiggs, county, Ga. Situated near the centre of the state, and contains 410 sq. ms. Ockmul- gee r. bounds it on the s. w., by .small branches of which it is drained. Capital, Marion. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,401, sheep 2,013, swine 22.236 ; wheat 14,743 bush, produced, rye 2,519, Ind. corn 329,528, oats 14,024, potatoes 16,325, cotton 3,257,359 lbs. : 1 commercial house, cap. $150,000 ; 10 stores, cap. $25,000 ; 9 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $25,750 ; 1 college 29 students, 3 acad. 249 students. Pop. whiles 4,214, slaves 4,165, free col'd 43 ; total, 8,422. TwiNSBURG, p-t.. Summit co., O., 142 n. e. Columbus, 300 W. Named from twin brothers, who first settled here in 1827. The soil is lertile. Drained by Tinker's cr., which afl!<)rds water power, and flows into Cuyahoga r. The v. con- tains 2 churches, 2 stores, and several mills and mechanic shops. There are in the t. 1 acad. 70 students, 8 sch. 205 scholars. Fop. 1,039. Twin, t., Darke co., O. Situated in the s. w. corner of the co. Pop. 1,030. Twin, t., Ross co., O. Pop. 2,195. Twi.v, t., Preble co., O. Pop. 1,675. Twitchell's Mills, p o., Pope co.. 111., 223 s. s. E. Springfield, 791 W. Situated on Big cr. Two Taverns, p-o., Adams co., Pa., 40 s. w. Harrisburg, 80 W. Twymans Store, p-o., Spottsylvania co., Va., 81 N. Richmond, 93 W. Tye River Warehouse, p-o.. Nelson co., Va., 100 w. Richmond, 166 W. TvLER, county, Va. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 855 sq. ms. Ohio r. bounds it on the N. w. Drained by Fishing and Middle Island creeks, which flow w. into Ohio r. The surface is very uneven and rough; soil, strong and productive. Capital, jMiddleboiuni. ULS 66S ULS There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,265, sheep 11,647, swine 12,854; wheat 52,730 bush, pro- duced, rye 1,375, Ind. corn 223,079, oais 57,535, potatoes 34,540, tobacco 1,1 16 pounds, sugar 46,995; 13 stores, cap. .$29,100; 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 1 flouring m., 14 grist m., IS saw m. Cap. in manufac. $41,531). 13 sch. 416 scholars. Pop. whites 6,854, slaves 85, free col'd 5; total, 6,954. TvLER, po., Winnebago co.. 111. TvLER, p-o., Jefferson co., O. TvLERsviLLE, p-o., Warren co., 111. Tylkrsville, p-o., Caddo par., La. Tyler, p-o., Eaton co., Mich. Tymochtee, cr., O., a considerable w. branch falling into Sandusky r., 8 ms. below Upper San- dusky. Tymochtee, p-t., Crawford co., O., 73 n. Co- lumbus, 430 W. Watered by tributaries of San- dusky r. It has 8 sch. 642 scholars. Pop. 1,625. Tyngsborough, p-t., Middlesex co., Mass., 8 N. w. Lowell, 28 n. w. Boston, 440 W. Merri- mac r. flows through it from n. w. to s. e. The V. is situated on the s. \v. side of Merrimac r., and contains a Congregational church and grammar school. Incorporated in 1789. Granite is quar- ried on the banks of the r., and exported from this t. and Chelm.sford adjoining. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 7 sch. 277 scholars. Pop. 870. Tyre, p-t., Seneca co., N. Y., 171 w. Albany, 347 W. The surface is level ; soil, sandy and calcareous loam. Drained by ('lyde r., flowing into Seneca r. It has 1 store, cap. $2,500 ; 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,000. 6 sch. 391 scholars. Pop. 1,506. Tyree Springs, p-o., Sumner co., Tenn., 20 N. E. Nashville, 699 W. Tyri.ngham, p t., Berkshire co., Mass., 130 w. Boston, 369 W. Watered by brandies of Housa- tonic r., one of which flows from a pond in its s. E. part. It contains a Congregational, a Baptist, and a Methodist churcli, and a society of Skaker.i. It has 4 stores, cap. $9,400; I fulling m., 1 tan- nery, 1 paper fac, 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in rnanufac. $53,750. 15 sch. 407 scholars. Pop. J,477. Tyringham South, p-o., Tyringham t., Berk- shire CO., Mass., 125 w. Boston, 364 W. Tyrone, p-t., Steuben co., N. Y., 202 w. by s. Albany, 310 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay and calcareous loam, adapted to grain. Drained by Mud cr. The v. contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 6 stores, 1 grist nj., 1 tannery, 5'.) dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. $21,000; 2 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $5,300. 12 sch. 630 scholars. Pop. 2,122. Tyrone, t., Fayette co., Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $6,000; 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 5 saw m.,2 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $14,550. 7 sch. 270 scholars. Pop. 1,189. Tyrone, t., Adams co., Pa., 10 n. e. Gettys- burg. The surface is level ; soil, red shale and fravel. Bermudian cr. runs on it:* e., and Cone- wago cr.on its s. border. It contains Hcidelburg V. There are in the t. 2 stores, cap. .$2,200; 2 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,950. 6 sch. 210 scholars. Pop. 756. Tyrone, t.. Perry co., Pa. The surface is mountainous ; soil, in the valleys, calcareous loam, with gravel and slate on the hills. Drain- ed by Sherman's cr. and its branches. It has 9 stores, cap. $33,800 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 furnaces, 5 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 3 potteries, 3 flouring m., 4 grist m., 1 1 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $44,716. 13 sch. 640 scholars. Pop. 2,391. Tyrone, t., Huntington co.. Pa. It has 4 stores, cap. $20,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 forges, 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 4 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,795. 6 sch. 331 scholars. Pop. 1,226. Tyrone, p-t., Livingston co., Mich., 61 w. n w. Detroit, 583 W. Drained by branches of Shiawassee r. It has 3 sch. 87 scholars. Pop. 394. Tyrone, p-v., Wilkes co., Ga., 69 n. e. Miliedge- ville, 579 W. Tyson Furnace, p-o., Windsor co., Vt. Tyson's Store, p-o., Moore co., N.C , 56 s. vr. Raleigh, 344 W. Tyrrel, county, N. C. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 740 sq. ms. Bounded on the N. by Albemarle sound, and e. by the At- lantic, along the coast of which are Roanoke and several other islands belonging to it. The surface is level and low, and in some parts liable to sub- mersion. Drained by Alligator r. and iis branches, which enters Albemarle sound by a broad estua- ry. Capital, Columbia. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,133, sheep 1,947, swine 8,540 ; wheat 8,083 bush, produced, Ind. corn 108,641, oats 2,5 17, potatoes 21,704, rice 20,335 pounds, cotton 22,963 ; 22 stores, cap. $42,250; 69 tanneries, 16 distiller- ies, 6 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,400. Pop. whites 3,160, slaves 1,411, free col'd 86; total, 4,675. Tywapity, t., Scott CO., Mo. It has 3 sch. 71 scholars. Pop. 1,058. u. Uchee, p-v., Russell co., Ala., 194 e. s. E- Tus- caloosa, 781 W. Uchee Anna, p-v., capital of Walton co., Flor. Situated on the w. side of a branch of Choctaw- liatchie r., and contains a court house, and about .50 dwellings. It is surrounded by a fertile country. Udika, p-o., Kane co.. III., 204 n. n. e. Spring- field, 757 W. Ufaula, pv., Randolph co., Ga., 173 s. w. Mil- ledgeville, 819 W. Situated on the E. side of Chattahoochee r. Uharee, p-o., Randolph co., N. C, 112 w. Ra- leigh, 386 W. Ulricksvili>e, p-o.. Mill t., Tuscarawas co., O., 110 E. N. E. Columbus, 309 W. Ulster, county, N. Y. Situated toward the s. E. part of the state, and contains 1,096 sq. ms. The Shawangunk and Cattskill mountains cover a considerable portion of ius surface ; soil, adapted to grazing. The valleys along its streams are extensive, and very fertile. Watered by Ron- dout, Wallkill, Esopus, and Shawangunk creeks, which afford good water power. Limestone is extensively (bund. The Delaware and llud.son canal terminates at Eddyville, on Rondout cr., 3 ms. from Hudson r., after having passed in a n E. direction through the s. part of the co. Capi- tal, Kingston. There were in 1840, neat cattle 33,459, sheep 50,840, swine 46,223 ; wheat 57,377 bush, produced, rye 168,809, Ind. corn 161,805, buckwheat 108,037, oats 223,133, potatoes 264,698, sugar 28,945 pounds ; 4 commission houses, cap. $21,000; 146 stores, cap. $46S,.500; 21 lumlier yards, cap. $22.900 ; 1 furnace, 12 forges, 8 full- ing m., 11 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 2,136 sp., 33 tanneries, 1 powder m., 2 glass fac, 2 potteries, 2 flouring m., 42 grist m., 130 saw m., 2 paper fac, 3 printing ofjices, 3 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $644,519. 1 acad. 35 students, 165 sch. 8,830 scholars. Pop. 45,822. UNI 669 UNI Ulster, p t., Bradford co., Pa., 142 n. by e. Harrisburg, 'Zai W. The Susquehanna r. bounds it on the E. It has 4 stores, r-ap. $10,000 ; 1 grist m , 6 saw m. Cap. in nianufac. $9,725. 5 sch. 205 scholars. Pop. 1,053. Ulster, v., Ulster CO , N. Y. (See Sangerties.) Ulsterville, p-o., Shawangunk t., Ulster co., N. Y., 94 s. s. w. Albany, 292 VV. Ultima Thule, p-o., Sevier co.. Ark., 167 w. s. w. Little Rock, 1,232 W. Situated on a branch of Little r. Ulysses, t., Tompkins co., N. Y., 8 n. w. Ithara. The surface is undulating ; soil, a fertile gravelly loam. Drained by small streams Howing inio Cayuga lake, which bounds it on the e. It has 15 stores, cap. $144,300 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 3 saw m. Cap. in manufuc. $18,993. 14 sch. 895 scholars. Pop. 2,976. Ulysses, p-t.. Potter co., Pa., 183 n. n. w. Har- risburg, 293 W. Pop. 371 Umbagog, lake, N. H. and Me. This lake lies on the boundary between N. H. and Me., and is about 18 ms. long and 10 wide, at its greatest width. Its outlet constitutes a considerable branch of Androscoggin r., which it enters in Errol t. It is a beautiful sheet of water, surround- ed by picturesque scenery. U.NADiLLA, r., rises in Onciilacc, and flowing in a s. direction, iienters Susquehanna r. Itisabout 51) ms. long, and afTords extensive water power. Unadilla, p-t., Otsego co., N. Y., 94 w. by s. Albany, 334 W. The surface is hilly, and to a degree liroken, but has rich alluvial flats. The soil is generally a fertile loam, adapted to grass. Drained by Unadilla and Susquehanna rivers. The V. is situated on the n. side of Susquehanna r., and contains an Episcopal church, 8 stores, 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 tobacco fac, 100 dwellings, and about 51)0 inhabitants. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. $36,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,676. 11 sch. 426 scholars. Pop. 2,272. Unadilla, p-t., Livingston co., Mich., 95 w. n. w. Detroit, 551 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. The v. is situated on portage r., and contains a store and 2 saw m. There in the t. 1 store, cap. 2,000 ; 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,000. 4 sch. 135 scholars. Pop. 643. Unadilla Centre, p-o., Unadilla t., Otsego CO., N. Y., 100 w. by s. Albany, 337 W. Unadilla Forks, p-v., Plainfield t., Otsego CO., N. Y.. 84 w. by s. Albany, 369 W. Situated at the junction of the e. and w. branches of Una- dilla r. It contains 2 churches, 2 stores, 1 flour- ing m., 1 oil m., 1 saw m., 2 fulling m., a machine shop, 40 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. Uncasville, p-v., Montville t.. New London CO., Ct., 45 s. E. Hartford, 359 W. Situated on the Reservation of the Mohegan Indians, on the road from Norwich to New London, of both of which it commands a view. It contains a chapel, a school house, and a house lor a teacher. The United Stales contributed $500 toward the erec- tion of the house, and have allowed $400 annu- ally for the support of a teacher. The school consists of about 20 scholars. Underhill, p-t., Chittenden co., Vt., 15 n. e. Burlington, 55 n. w. Montpelier, 532 W. The surface is very uneven ; soil, adapted to grazing. Drained by head branches of Brown r. Char- tered in 1763, first settled in 1786. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,000. 8 sch. 370 scholars. Pop. 1,441. Unika, mts., a name given to that portion of the Alleghany range which separates Tennessee from N. C, and which lies s. w. of Tennessee r. Union, county, Pa. Situated near the centre of the state, and contains 520 sq. ms. The sur- face is hilly and mountainous ; soil, very fertile. Susquehanna r. and its w. branch bounds it on the E. Drained by BulTalo, Penn's, Middle and W. Mahantango creeks. Capital, New Berlin. There were in 1840, neat cattle 14,605, sheep 18,196, swine 16,.578, wheat 310,010 bush, pro- duced, rye 135,387, Ind. corn 172,191, buckwheat 24,451, barley 965, oats 263,.501, potatoes 107,570, tobacco 8,000 pounds ; 51 stores, cap..$232,2i»0 ; 13 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 furnaces, 1 bloomery, 24 tanneries, 18 distilleries, 2 breweries, 8 pot- teries, 13 flouring m., 32 grist m., 75 saw m., 6 oil in., 6 printing oflices, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $224,940. 2 acad. 45 students, 4J sch. 2,540 scholars. Pop. 22,787. Union, district, S. C. Situated in the n., to- ward the w. part of the state, and contains 650 sq. ms. Broad r. bounds it on the e., and En- noree r. runs on its s. w. border. Drained by Tyger and Pacolet rivers and their branches. Capital, Unionville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 17,063, sheep 7,535, swine 32,215; wheat 61,661 bush, produced, rye 1,578, Ind. com 757,319, oats 63,405, potatoes 23,930, cotton 1,612,524 pounds; 25 stores, cap. $129,750; 2 smelting houses, producing gold to the value of .$9,375 ; 7 tanneries, 15 distilleries, 5 flouring m., 20 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in nianufac. $22,8^0. 6 acad. 210 students, 32 sch. 733 scholars. Pop. whites 10,485, slaves 8,354, free col'd 97 ; total, 18,936. Union, county, Ga. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains about 600 sq. ms. Drained by Hiawassee r. and its branches. The surface is uneven. Capital, Blairsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,051, sheep 2,523, swine 11,235; wheat 7,343 bush, produced, rye 2,071, Ind. corn 129,340, oats 8,005, potatoes 8,788, tobacco 6,022; 2 stores, cap. $3,750; I tannery, 9 distilleries, 15 grist m., 6 saw m. Pop. whites 3,065, slaves 87 ; total, 3,152. Union, parish. La. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 1,200 sq. ms. Washita r. bounds it on the e. Watered by De Arbonne r. and its branches, and other branches of Washita r. Capital, Farmersville. It had in 1840, 6 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. whites 1,273, slaves 563, free col'd 2; total, 1,838.^ Union, county, Ky. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 450 sq. ms. Bounded n. and w. by Ohio r., and s. e. by Tradewater cr. Drained by Highland cr. and its branches, and by branches of Tradewater cr. Capital, Morganfield. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,059, sheep 6,302, swine 26,209 ; wheat 33,624 bush, produced, rye 2,004, Ind. corn 495,595, oats 5S,441, potatoes 8,388, tobacco 612,158 pounds, cotton 6,156; 2S stores, cap. $1 15,859 ; 1 woollen fac, 8 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 flouring m., 27 grist m., 5 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $30,750. 1 acad. 60 students, 5 sch. 117 scholars. Pop. whites 4,90J, slaves 1,728, free col'd 36 ; total, 6,673. Union, county, O. Situated a little n. w. of the centre of the state, and contains 450 sq. ms. Drain- ed by Darby's cr., and other small branches of Scioto r. The surface is level ; soil, very fertile. Capital, Marysville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,677, sheep 9,349, swine 14,844 ; wheat 57,972 bush, produced, rye 2,911, Ind. corn 2S9,607, buckwheat 2,366, oats 79,6 W, potatoes 18,932, tobacco 6,361 pounds, sugar 759,130 ; 20 stores, cap. $31,700; 1 fulling m., 4 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 5 grist m., 6 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $19,250. 55 sch. 1,733 schol- ars. Pop. 8,422. UNI 670 UNI Union, county, la. Situated in the e. toward the s. part of the state, and contains 16S sq. ms. The surface is gently rolhng ; soil, fertile. Drain- ed by the e. fork, of Whitewater r. and its tribu- taries, which afford water power. Capital, Lib- erty. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,114.5, sheep 14,169, swine 23,271 ; wheat 80,S'J0 bush, produced, rye 3,05'2, Ind. corn 512,340, oats 13C),027, potatoes '.),312, sugar 61,364 pounds; 20 stores, cap. $43,350 ; 5 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 125 sp., 6 tanneries, 10 distilleries, 6 llouring m., 12 grist m., 21 saw m., 3 oil m. Cap. in nianufac. $77,285. 19 sch. 646 scholars. Pop. 8,017. Union, county. 111. Situated toward the s. part of the i^tale, and contains 380 sq. ms. The surface is hilly ; soil, fertile, particularly on the Mississippi, wiiich runs on its w. boundary. Drained by Cash r. and Clear cr. Capital, Joncsboro'. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,G2l), sheep 4,769, swine 22,268 ; wheat 26,898 bush, produced, Ind. corn 310,559, oats 52,913, potatoes 13,703rtobacco 3,002 pounds, sugar 7,464 ; 15 stores, cap. .$53,400 ; 3 tanneries, 15 distille- ries, 1 pottery, 1 flouring m., 20 grist m., 3 saw ni. C^ap. in inannlac. !t;l7,509. 1 acad. 30 stu- dents, 12 sch. 3S7 scholars. Pop. 5,524. I NioN, county. Ark. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 2,600 sq. ms. Drained by VVa.shita r. and its branches. Capital, Union C. II. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,295, sheep IS'J, swine 9,09J; wheat 1,09S bush, pro- duced, Ind. corn 111,365, oats 1,765, potatoes 10,021, cotton 404,5'.)9 lbs. ; 6 stores, cap. $38,600 ; 20 grist in., 2 saw in., 4 sch. 64 scholars. Pop. whites 1,981, slaves 906, free col'd 2; total, 2,8^9. Union, p-t., Lincoln co., Me., 31 s. e. Augusta, 616 W. The surface is gently uneven; soil, fertile, adapted to grain. Drained by St. George and Muscongus rivers. Incorporated in 17^6. It has 6 stores, cap. $16,300; 3 fulling m., 1 paper fac, 4 grist in., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,337. 13 sch. 722 scholars. Pop. 1,784. Union, p-o., Carroll co., N. H., 41 n. e. Con- cord, 522 W. Unio.n, pt., Tolland co., Ct., 35 n. E. Hartford, 371 W. The surface is hilly and broken; soil, loam and gravel, moderately productive. Quin- iiebaug r. rises in 2 ponds in tliis t., and Masha- paug. one of them, contains 800 acres. Drained by head branches of Willimantic r. It contains 1 Congregational and 1 Methodist church. It has 3 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,0110. 6 sch. 163 scholars. Pop. 669. Union, pt., Broome co., N. Y., 146 w. s. w. Al- bany, 288 W. The surface is undulating; soil, a fer- tile gravelly loam, adapted to grass. Drained by Nanticoke, and other tributaries of Susquehanna r., which bounds it on the s. The v. is situated on the n. side of Susquehanna r., and contains 1 Presbyterian church, 7 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 clothier's works, 60 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. $20,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 28 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,000. 1 acad. 65 students, 23 sch. 981 scholars. Pop. 3,165. Union, p-t., Essex co., N. J., 6 s. vv. Newark, 43 N. E. Trenton, 214 W. The surface is rolling ; soil, red shale, vvcU cultivated. Watered by Elizabeth and Kahway rivers. It contains the v. of Union, or Connecticut Farms, which has 1 Presbyterian church, 2 stores, and about 30 dwell- ings. There are in the t. 2 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 acad. 18 students, 5 sch. 183 scholars. Pop. 1,482. Union, t., Gloucester Co., N. J. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,300. Cap. in manufac. $600. 3 sch. 105 scholars. Pop. 1,074. Union, t., Berks co.. Pa. The surface is very hilly ; soil, sterile gravel. Schuylkill r. runs on its N. boundary. Drained by Mill, French, and Sixpence creeks. It has 4 stores, cap. $7,563 ; 1 furnace, 2 forges, 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in nianufac. $2,200. Pop. 1,272. Union, t., Erie co., Pa., 22 s. e. Erie. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly loam, adapted to grazing. Drained by the s. branch oF French cr. It has 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,000. 6 sch. 140 scholars. Pop. 593. Union, t., Huntingdon co.. Fa., 15 s. Hunting- don. It is surrounded by mountains, with Plank Cabin valley intervening. It has 2 stores, cap. $7,300 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,440. 1 sch. 27 scholars Pop. 817. Union, t., Bedford co.. Pa. It has 1 store, cap. $1,500; 1 fulling m., 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 1 dis- tillery, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,975. 2 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 1,029. Union, t., Luzerne co.. Pa. The surface is very uneven; but much of it is capable of culti- vation. Drained by Hemlock, Shickshinny, and Huntington creeks. The North Branch canal passes through the t. It has 2 stores, cap. .$4,000 ; 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,750 8 sch. 2S5 scholars. Pop. 1,242. Union, t., Washington co.. Pa. It has 1 dis- tillery, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 sch. 100 scholars. Pop. 853. Union, t., Mifflin co.. Pa. It has 3 stores, cap. $11,500; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,405. 8 sch. 260 scholars. Pop. 1,221. Union, t., Schuylkill co.. Pa. It has 3 flouring m., 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $J5,000. Pop. 906. Union, t., Fayette co., Pa. Drained by Red- stone cr. and its branches. Iron ore is abundant. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 furnace, 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 7 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $12,782. 9 sch. 405 scholars. Pop. 2,723. Unio.v, t.. Union co.. Pa. Bounded by Sus- quehanna r. and its w. branch. The surface is mountainous ; soil, calcareous loam. Il has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 dis- tilleries, 1 pottery, 4 grist m., 5 saw m., 2 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $1,200. Pop. 1,630. Union, p-v., capital of Monroe co., Va., 229 w. Richmond, 266 W. It contains a court house, jail, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 4 stores, 2 tanneries, and about 6(K) inhabitants. Union, p-v., Randolph t., Montgomery co., O., 12 N. vv. Dayton, 75 w. by s. Columbus. It con- tains 2 stores, several mechanic shops, 35 dwell- ings, and about 200 inhabitants. Within half a m. are 4 grist m., 1 carding machine, and 3 gun- smiths' shops. Union, t., Allen co., O. It has 2 sch. 35 scho- lars. Pop. 669. Union, t., Belmont co., O. The soil is very fertile. Drained by Stillwater cr., which affords water power. The national road runs e. and w. througn this t. It has 5 sch. 134 scholars. Pop. 2,126. Union, t.. Brown co., O. It contains Ripley and Levana villages. Bounded s. w. byOhior. Watered by Red Oak and Eagle creeks. It has 1 college, 22 students, 1 acad. 45 students, 4 sch. 190 scholars. Pop. 3,316. Union, t., Butler co., O. It has 3 sch. 98 scho- lars. Pop. 1,823. UNI 671 UNI Union, t., Carroll co., O. Fop. 8S9. Union, t., Champaign co., O. It has 2 sch. 49 scholars. Pop. 1,249. Union, t., Clermont co., O. It has 3 stores, cap. §4,800 ; 1 disiillery, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,575. 3 sch. 115 scholars. Pop. 1,423. Union, t., Clinton co., O. It has 8 stores, cap. §44,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 printing oflines, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac, $23,250. 15 sch. 1,218 scholars. Pop. 3,284. Union, t., Hancock co., O. It has 7 sch. 216 scholars. Pop. 637. Union, t., Highland co., O. It has 5 sch. 128 scholars. Pop. 1,089. Union, t., Knox co., O. Mohiccan river runs through its e. part. It has 5 sch. 337 scholars. Pop. 1,093. Union, t., La Fayette co., O. It has 11 stores, cap. $33,845 ; I tannery, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 2 printing offices, 1 weekly news- paper. Cap. in manufac. $6,300. 13 sch. 400 scholars. Pop. 1,945. Union, t., Lawrence co., O. It has 6 sch. 182 scholars. Pop. 1,034. Union, t.. Licking co., O. It has 10 sch. 485 scholars. Pop. 1,637. Union, t., Logan co., O. It has 3 sch. 182 scholars. Pop. 832. Union, t., Madison co., O. It has 5 stores, cap. $11,900. 1 fulling m., 2 potteries, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,725. 12 sch. 245 scholars. Pop. 1,350. Union, t., Mercer co., O. It has 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 566. Union, t., Miami co., O. It has 7 sch. 397 scholars. Pop. 1,967. Union, t., Monroe co., O. Pop. 1,356. Union, t., Morgan co., O. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,500; 1 tannery, 2 grist ra., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,300. 9 sch. 290 scholars Pop. 1,328. Union, t., Muskingum co., O. It has 4 church- es. The V. contains an academy and 151 inhab- itants. There are in the t. 1 college, 40 students, 2 sch. 58 scholars. Pop. 1,625. Union, t., Putnam co., O. Pop. 401. Union, t., Scioto co., O. The surface is hilly ; soil, generally fertile. Drained by Little Scioto r., flowing into Ohio r. It has 2 sch. 52 scholars. Pop. 575. tfNioN, t., Tuscarawas co., O. It contains Rockford v., and has 5 sch. 411 scholars. Pop. 945. Union, t., Ross co., O. Pop. 2,632. Union, t.. Union co., O. It contains Milford v., and has 1 Unitarian and 1 Presbyterian church. It has 5 sch. 152 scholars. Population 694. Union, t., Warren co., O. It contains Deer- field v., and several others. It has 7 sch. 435 scholars. Pop. 1,617. Union, p-v., Boone co., Ky., 73 N.by e. Frank- fort, 507 \V. It contains about 50 inhabitants. Union, p-v., Talbot co., Ga., 63 w. s. w. Mil- ledgeville, 724 W. Union, t.. Branch co., Mich. The soil is fer- tile, adapted to grain. It has 2 stores, capital $12,000 ; 2 flouring m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $50,100. 5 sch. 80 scholars. Population 507. Union, p-v., Cass co., Mich., 160 w. s. w. De- troit, 605 W. Union, p-o., Rock co., Wis., 20 s. e. Madison, 827 W. Union, p-v., Greene co., Ala., 33 s. s. w. Tus- caloosa, 851 W. Union, p-v., Newton co.. Miss., 75 E.Jackson, 942 W. Union, p-o., Gibson co., la. Union, t.. Grant co., la. It has 1 sch. 15 schol- ars. Pop. 593. Union, t., Hancock co., la It has 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 476. Union, t., Miami co., la. It has 2 stores, cap. $30,600 ; 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 3 sch. 53 scholars. Pop. 584. Union, t.. Rush co., la. It has 7 sch. 165 scholars. Pop. 1,480, Union, t, Shelby co., la. It has 6 distilleries, 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,550. Union, f., Montgomery co., la. It has 4 sch. 90 scholars. Pop. 2,943. Union, p-v., capital of Franklin co.. Mo., 73 E, Jefferson City, 863 W. Situated on Bourbeuse cr., a branch of Maramec r., 7 s. Missouri r. It contains a court hoivse, jail, 4 stores, and 200 in- habitants. Union, p-v., capital of Union co., Ark., 206 s. Little Rock, 1,251 W. Situated on the s. w. side of Wachita r., and contains a court house, several stores, and about 100 dwellings. Union, t., Johnson co., Ark. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000; 1 grist m. Pop. 114. Union, t., Greene co.. Ark. It has 1 store, cap. $1,300. Pop. 526. Union, t., Lawrence co., Arfc, It has 3 sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 259. Union, t., Marion CO., Ark. It has 1 store, cap. $1,200 ; 1 grist m. Pop. 287. Union, t.. Pope co.. Ark. It has 1 distillery, 1 sch. 16 scholars. Pop. 291. Union, t., St. Francis co., Ark. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,500 ; 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,000. Pop, 613. Union, t.. Van Buren co.. Ark. Population 207. Union Bridge, p-o., Carroll co., Md., 67 n. w, Annapolis, 63 W. Union City, p-v., Sherwood t., Branch co., Mich., 116 w. s. w. Detroit, 572 W. Situated on St. Joseph's r., at the junction of Coldwater r., at the head of navigation, on the St. Joseph. It has 1 store, several mechanic shops, and a number of dwellings, and possesses great water power. Union Church, p-o., Jeff^'erson co.. Miss. Union Corners, p-o., Sparta t., Livingsto« CO., N. Y., 251 w. Albany, 313 W. Union Corners, p o., Northumberland co., Pa., 76 N. by e. Harrisburg, 186 W. Union District, p o., Washtenaw co., Mich., 44 W.Detroit, 520 W. Union Ellery, p-o., Ellery t., Chautauque CO., N. Y., .341 w. by s. Albany, 328 W. Union F.\lls, pv.. Black Brook t., Clinton CO., N. Y., 163 N. Albany, 543 W. Situated on the w. side of Saranac r., which here affords great water power. It has 1 store, 2 saw m., 1 extensive forge, and about 20 dwellings. Union Furnace, p-o., Huntingdon co.. Pa. Union Grove, p-o.. Prince George co., Va., 36 s. E. Richmond, 155 W. Union Grove, p-o., Whitesides co.. 111., 191 N. by w. Springfield, 854 W. Union Grove, p-o., Newton co.. Mo. Union Hall, p-o, Franklin co., Va., 164 w. s. w. Richmond, 239 W. It contains 1 Methodi.st church, and on Pig r., in the vicinity, 1 flouring m., and a woollen and cotton fac. It has about 15 dwellings. Union Hill, p-o., Upson co., Ga., 71 w. by s. Milledgeville, 693 W. UNI 672 DNl Union Iron Works, p-o., fierks co.j Pa., 78 E. by N. Ifarrisburg, 171 W. Union Level, p-o , Mecklenburg co., Va., 103 s. w. Richmond, 217 VV. Union Meeting House, p-o., Baltimore co., Md., 61 N. N. w. Annapolis, 71 W. Union 3Iills, p-v., Broadalbin t., Fulton co., N. Y., 46 N. w. Albany, 420 W. It contains I store, 1 paper m., 1 saw m., and about 15 dwell- ings. Union Mills, p-v., Union t., Erie co., Pa., 219 N. w. Harrisburg, 330 W. Situated on a branch of French cr. Union Mills, p-v., Carroll co., Md., 65 n. n. w. Annapolis, 75 W. Union Mills, p-v., Fluvanna co., Va., 73 w. N. w. Richmond, 126 W. Situated on the s. side of Rivanna r., and contains 1 3Iethodist cliurch, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 1 saw m., I large cotton fac. 1,500 sp., and 20 dwellings. Union Point, p-o., Greene co., Ga. Union Society, p-o., Windham t., Greene co., N. Y., 51 s. w. Albany, 353 W. Union Springs, pv., Springport t., Cayuga CO., N. Y., 16S w. by n. Albany, 329 W. Situ- ated on the E. side of Cayuga lake, and contains 3 churches, 5 stores, I woollen fac, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 2 saw m., and about 600 inhabitants. It contains a mineral spring of some celebrity. Union Springs, p-v., Macon co., Ala., 153 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 824 W. It contains about 75 in- habitants. Union Square, p-o., Mexico t., Oswego co., N. Y., 152 w. N. w. Albany, 377 W. Union Square, p-v., Montgomery co., Pa., 92 e. Harrisburg, 162 W. Uniontown, p-b.. Union t., capital of Fayette CO., Pa., 179 w. by s. Harrisburg, 195 W. Situ- ated on Redstone cr. It contains 6 churches — 1 Presbyterian, I Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 1 Metho- dist Episcopal, 1 Methodist Protestant, and 1 African Methodist. It contains Madison College, founded by the Methodists in 1825. Chartered in 1827. It has 23 stores, cap. $131,200 ; 1 fur- nace, 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 3 print- ing oflices, 3 weekly newspapers, 2 periodicals, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $63,705. 1 col. 119 students, 5 sch. 350 scholars. Pop, 1,710. Uniontown, v.. Lake t., Stark co., O., 12 n. Canton, 123 n. e. Columbus. It contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Lutheran, and 1 Methodist— 3 stores, various mechanic shops, 2 tanneries, 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Uniontown, p-v., Carroll co., 3Id., 35 n. w. Baltimore, 65 n. n. w. Annapolis, 72 VV. It con- tains about 100 inhabitants. Uniontown, p-v.. Perry co., Ala., 60 s. s. e. Tuscaloosa, 872 VV. Situated on the head wa- ters of Ciiilalohee creek, and contains about 450 inhabitants. Uniontown, p-v.. Wheeling t., Belmont co., O., 6 N. w. St. Clairsville, 114 e. Columbus, 284 W. It contains 3 stores, and a number of me- chanic shops. Uniontown, p-o.. Union co., Ky. Union Vale, t., Dutchess co., N. Y. The sur- face is rolling and hilly ; soil, clay loam and gravel. Drained by Fishkill cr. It has 6 stores, cap. $10,050; 1 cotton fac. 514 sp., 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $40,650. 7 sch. 259 scholars. Pop. 1,498. Union Vale, p-o., Harrison co., O., 118 e. n. E. Columbus, 281 W. Union Village, p-v., Orange co., Vt., 46 s. e. Montpelier, 496 W. Union Village, v., Warren co., O., 4 w. Le- banon It is inhabited by Shakers, who have a large church in the centre. There are six lafrgfl families, each with an extensive house, and sur- rounding outhouses and workshops, dclighifui gar- dens, and fine domestic animals. The entire v. contains about 500 inhabitants. Union Village, p-o.. Lisle t., Broome co,, N. Y., 137 w. s. w. Albany, 314 W. Union Village, v., Greenwich t., Washington CO., N. Y. Pleasantly situated on both sides of Battenkill r., and contains 4 churches — 1 Congre- gational, 1 Dutch Reformed, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — an academy, 1 bank, 11 stores, 1 cot- ton fac, 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 furnace, 1 carriage fac, 160 dwellings, and about 1,300 inhabitants. Union Village, p-v., Northumberland co.,Va., 83 E. N. E. Richmond, 147 W. Unionville, p-v., Middlesex co., Mass., 25 w. Boston, 420 W. Situated on Concord river, and contains a Congregaiional church, 1 cotton fac, and 2 paper mills. Unionville, p-v,, Hartford co., Ct., 10 w, Hartford, 334 W. Unionville, p-v., 3Iinisiiikt., Orange co., "S.Y., 1 19 s. s. w. Albany, 264 W. It contains 1 church, 3 stores, 30 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. Unionville, p-v.. East i\Iarlborough t., Che.s- ter CO., Pa., 74 e. s. e. Harrisburg, 118 W. It contains 2 stores, and about 20 dwellings. Unionville, p-v., Frederick co., Md., 67 n. w. Annapolis, 58 W. Unionville, p-v.. Union dist., S. C, 70 n. w. Columbia, 464 W. Situated on a small branch ofTygerr. LInionville, p-v., Monroe co., Ga., 63 w. Mil- ledgeville, 670 VV. Unionville, p-v., Bedford co., Tenn., 46 s. s. E. Nashville, 695 W. Unionville, p-v., Madison t.. Lake co., O., 192 N. E. Columbus, 317 W. It contains 1 Presbyte- rian and 1 Methodist church, and 6 stores. It has large iron-works in the vicinity. Unionville, p-v., Lenawee co., Mich., 75 s. w. Detroit, 504 W. Unison, p-v., Luzerne co.. Pa., 133 n. e. Har- risburg, 242 W. Unison, p-v., Loudon co,, Va., 137 n. Rich- mond, 52 W. Unison, p-o., Delaware co., O., 34 n. Colum- bus, 418 VV. Unitia, p-o., Blount co., Tenn., 178 e. s. e. Nashville, -S-iSW. Unity, p-t., Waldo co , Me., 34 n. e. Augusta, 62J VV. Drained by a branch of Sebasticook r. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Incorporated in 1801. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,700 ; 2 lulling m., 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 7 saw ra. Cap. in manu- fac. $29,750. 13 sch. 5S4 scholars. Pop. 1,457. Unity, p-t., Sullivan co, N. H., 45 w. by n. Concord, 471 W. The surface is uneven; soil, well adapted to grazing. Drained by Little Su- gar and Heaver Meadow rivers. Cold pond, on Its s. border, gives rise to Cold river, first set- tled in 1769. It h:is 2 stores, cap. s5,000; 1 grist m., 3 saw m. 1 acad. 85 students. 11 sch. 452 scholars. Pop. 1,23S. IJnitv, t., Westmoreland co.. Pa., 7 E. Greens- burg. The surface is hilly ; soil, calc;treous luam and gravel. Drained by Crabtree and Big Sevvickly crs., and Nine Mile run. It has 3 tan- neries, 4 distilleries, 4 flouring m., 4 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $17,0u0. 11 sch. 425 scholars. Pop. 3,003. Unity, p-o., Crawford co.. Pa., 254 n. w. Har- risburg, 320 W. Unity, p-v., Montgomery co., Md., 58 w. H. w. Annapolis, 27 W. UPP 673 UPP Unity, p-v., Cabarrus co., N. C, 153 w. s. w. Raleigh, 3J3 W. UNitY, p-t., Columbiana Co., O., l6t n. e. by E. Columbus, 277 W. It contains the villages of Sprucevale, Palestine, and Unity. The last contains 204 inhabitants. There are in the t. 3 sch. 175 scholars. Pop. 1,896; Unity, p-v., capital of Alexander co.. 111., 219 S. by E. Springfield, 853 W. Situated on the E. side of Cash r., and' contains a court house, and about 75 inhabitants. Unityville, p-v., Lycoming co.. Pa. UniveRiSITY, p-o., Albemarle co., Va., 87 w. n. W. Richmond, 122 W. Situated 1 mile w. Char- lottesville, at the seat: of the Univers^ity of Vir- ginia. (See Charlottesville.) Unwattin, county, 3Iich. Situated N. w. of the centre of the peninsula, and contains 576 sq. miles. Drained by Muskegon r. and its branches, and by branches of Manistee river. It is unor- ganized. Upatoie, p-v., Muscogee co., Ga., 133 w. s. w. Milledgeville, 774 W. The creek, from which it is named, falls into Chattahoochee r. The v. con- tains about 100 inhabitants. Updegraff's, p-o., Smithfield t., Jefferson co., O., 131 E. N. E. Columbus, 278 W. Upiiaupe, p-o., Macon co., Ala., 139 s. e. Tus- caloosa, 869 W. Upper, t.. Cape May co., N. .T., 13 n. e. Cape May C. H. The surface is level ; soil, sand and clay, timbered with oak and cedar. Drained by Tuckahoe and Cedar Swamp crs. Tl^.e Atlantic bounds it on the s. E., along which is Peck's and Lud lam's beaches. It has 4 stores, cap. $5,500 ; 1 grist m., 4 saw m., 5 sch. 219 scholars. Pop. 1,217. Upper, t., Lawrence co., O. It has 8 sch. 255 scholars. Pop. 1,180. Upper, t., Carroll co., Ark. It has 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 school 25 scholars. Pop. 478. Upper, t., Crawford co.. Ark. Pop. 1,144. Upper Alton, p-v., Madison co.. 111., 79 s. by w. Springfield, 806 W. Situated on elevated ground, 2i ms. back from Mis.sissippi river, and e. of Alton. It contains 3 churches — '1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist ; 5 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 1 steam saw and flouring mill, 320 dwellings, and 1,002 inhabitants. It was laid out in 1816, and, since 1827, its growth has been rapid. (See Alton.) Upper Aquebodge. p-v., Riverhead t., Suffolk CO., N. Y., 226 s. s. e. Albany, 306 W. It con- tains a church, and about 20 dwellings. Upper iJlack Eddy, p-o., Bucks co., Pa., 121 E. Harrisburg, 186 W. Upper Alloways Creek, t., Salem co., N. J., 7 s. e. Salem. The surface is rolling ; soil, in the N. e., stiff clay and loam, in the s. e., sand and gravelly loam. Drained by Alloways and Stow crs. It ha.s 4 stores, cap. S6,050 ; 1 woollen fac, 6 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $29,800. 8 sch. 400 scholars. Pop. 2,235. Upper Bern, t., Berks co.. Pa. Blue moun- tain bounds it on the n. and Schuylkill r. on the E., by which, and a branch of it, it is drained. It has a church near the centre, common to Luther- ans and Presbyterians. It has 2 stores, capital $6,500 ; 3 tanneries, 4 distilleries. Capital in manufac. $5,000, Pop. 2,906. Upper Chichester, t., Delaware co.. Pa. Watered by Hook and Naaman's creeks. The surface is level ; sotl, loam. It has a church near its s. boundary. It htis 1 store, capital $1,500; 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac, 1 grist m. Capital in manufac $52,250. Pop. 475. 85 Upperco, p-o., Baltimore co., Md., 51 n. by w. Annapolis, 61 W. Upper Darby, t., Delaware co.. Pa., 8 vv. Phil- adelphia. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam. Drained by Darby and Cobb's creeks, which afford water power. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,100 ; 1 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 6,000 sp., 1 tannery, 4 paper fac, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $71,600. 4 sch. 395 scholars. Pop. 1,489. Upper Dublin, p-t., Montgomery co.. Pa., 106 E. Harrisburg, 152 W. The surface is rolling ; soil, calcareous loam. Drained by tributaries of Wissahiccon cr. It has 6 stores, cap. $12,800 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 flouring m., 4 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. ,$24,250. Pop. 1,322, Upper Freehold, t., Monmouth co., N. J., 15 s. w. Freehold C. H. The surface is level ; soil, clay, sandy loam, and sand. In the n. w. part is fertile land ; the s. E. part is covered with pine forest. Drained by Millstone r., and by Tom's and Crosswick's creeks, and tribiitaries of As-- sunpink and Rancocus creeks. It has 23 stores, enp. $34,250 ; 7 tanneries, 9 distilleries, 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,620, 18 sch, 1,200 scholars. Pop. 5,026. Upper Gilmanton, p-o., Gilmanton t., Bel- knap CO., N. H., 22 N. N. e. Concord, 503 W. Upper Gloucester, p-o., New Gloucester t., Cumberland co.. Me., 39 s. w. Augusta, 569 W, Upper Hanover, p-t., Montgomery co., Pa., 35 N. w. Philadelphia, 82 e. Harrisburg, 178 W, The surface is very hilly ; soil, red shale. Wa- tered by Perkiomen cr. and its branches. The v., called New Goshenhoppen, is situated in the forks of Perkiomen cr. It has 4 stores, capital $13,500 ; 1 tannery, 7 grist m., 5 saw m., 4 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $5,000. 4 sch. 181 schol- ars. Pop. 1,467. Upper Hunting Creek, p-v., Caroline co., Md., 57 E. Annapolis, 97 W. Upper Lisle, p-o.. Lisle t., Broome co., N. Y., 133 w. a. w. Albany, 316 W. Upper Macungy, t., Lehigh co.. Pa. Drained principally by Lehigh cr. It has 4 stores, capital $25,900 ; 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,000. 1 sch. 30 scholars. Pop- 1,769. Upper Mahantango, p-t., Schuylkill co.. Pa., 65 N. e. Harrisburg, 17.5 W. The surface is a collection of hills ; soil, red shale and white gravel, and sterile. Drained by 2 branches of Mahantango cr. It has 5 stores, cap. $7,100; 1 distillery, 8 grist m., 8 saw m. Pop. 1,291. Upper Mahany, t, Northumberland co.. Pa, It has 3 stores, cap. $7,600 ; 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,575. 4 sch, 112scliolars. Pop. 1,131. Upper Makefielb, t., Bucks co., Pa., 25 N. N. E. Philadelphia. The surface is rolling; soil, clay and sandy loam. Pidcock's cr. runs on its N. boundary. It has 1 store, cap, $8,000 ; 1 flour- ing m., 1 grist m , 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac, $8,050. 4 sch. 23::* scholars. Pop. 1,490. Upper Marlboro', p-v., capital of Prince George's co., Md., 23 s. w. Annapolis, 17 W. Situated a little w. of Patuxent r., and contains a court house, jail, a church, and about 800 inhabit- ants. Upper Middletown, p-v., Middletown t., Middlesex co., Ct., 12 s. Hartford, 328 W. Sit- uated on a rising ground, on the w. side of Con- necticut r., li n. of 3Iiddletown city, and con- tains 1 Congregational and 1 Baptist church, and a number of dwellings. Upper Middletown, p-v., Mauallen t., Fay- ette CO., Pa., 184 w. bv s. Harrisburg, 200 W, UPP 674 UPT Situated in a bend of Redstone cr., 5 n. Union- town. Upper Mount Bethel, t., Northampton cc, Pa. It has 7 stores, cap. $31,500; 1 lulling m., 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 5 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manuf'ac. $20,970. 1 sch. 22 scholars. Pop. 2,643. Upper Merion, t., Montgomery co.. Pa. The surface is rolling; soil, calcareous loam. l)rained by Valley and Gulf creeks, which atford water power. Three taverns, on the 3 points of a tri- angle, 3 miles distant from each other, called Swedesford, Bird in Hand, and Kinir of Prtissid, have existed here for 100 years. Ittnis 10 stores, cap. $19,800 ; 4 woollen fac, 7 flouring m., 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Capital in manufac. $124,120. 1 acad. 3 students, 6 sch. 50(3 scholars. Pop. 2,804. Upper Mil, ford, t., Leliigh co.. Pa. 'I'he sur- face is generally hilly ; soil, gravel and red shale, moderately productive. Drained by the n. branch of Perkiumen cr. and the head waters of Upper Saucon cr. It contains 1 Lutheran and 1 (Jer- man Presbyterian church, 7 stores, cap. $24,300 ; I fulling m., 2 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 2 powder m., 7 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manu- fac. $40,600. 3 sch. 120 scholars. Pop. 3,081. Upper N-^zareth, t., Northampton co.. Pa. The surface is rolling ; soil, fertile gravel and slate. Drained by 2 branches of Manookisy cr. It contains iNazareth v. It has 4 stores, capital $18,000; 2 lumber yards, cap. $3,.500; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 brewery, 1 grist m. Capital in manufac. $S,000. 1 acad. 86 students, 3 sch. 95 scholars. Pop. 1,118. Upper O.yford, t., Chester co.. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 1,080 sp., 1 pottery, 2 paper fac, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Capital in manufac. $17,400. 6 sch. 157 scholars. Pop. 1.277. Upper Pa.vton, t., Dauphin co,, Pa., 22 n. Harrisburg. The surface is partly mountainous, partly gently uneven ; soil, red shale. Drained by Mahantango, and Great and Little Wiconisco creeks. Susquelianna r. runs on its w. border. It has 6 stores, capital $18,000; 2 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 distillery, I pottery, 4 flouring m., 1 grist m., 10 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $S,336. y sch. 800 scholars. Pop. 1,814. Upper Penns Neck, t., Salem co., N. J. Bounded w. by Delaware r. Tiie surface is level ; soil, light sandy loam. It contains 1 Friends and 1 Methodist church. It has 4 stores, ca|). $14,000; 2 sch. 95 scholars. Pop. 1,8.54. Upper Providence, t., Delaware co., Pa., 13 w. Philadelphia. The surface is rolling; soil, loam. Crum cr. runs on its e. and Ridley cr. on its vv. boundary. It has 2 grist m., 1 saw ra., 2 sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 780. Upper Providence, t., Montgomery co.. Pa. Tlie surface is hilly ; soil, red shale and gravelly loam. Schuylkill r. runs on its s. w. boundary. Drained by Perkiomen and Mingo creeks. It has 6 stores, cap. $11,300 ; 1 tannery, 2 flouring m., 5 grist m., 4 saw m. Capital in manufactures $28,3J8. 1 academy. Pop. 2,244. Upper Red Hook, p-v., Redhook t., Dutchess CO., N. v., 46 s. Albany, 324 W. It is called Tivoli. Situated on the e. bank of Hudson r., and coniains 2 churches, 3 stores, 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 cloth fac, 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. A steam ferry boat here crosses Hudson r. to Saugerties. Upper Sandusky, p-v., Crawford co., O., 63 n. Columbus, 426 W. Situated on the w. side of Sandusky r., 60 ms. from its mouth of an Indian agency N. N. w. Norristown. The surface is level ; soil, red shale and loam. Drained by Perkiomen and Rich Valley creeks. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,500 ; 1 fulling in., 1 tannery, 2 potteries, 6 grist ra., 7 saw m., 7 oil m. Capital in manufac. $3,600; 6 sch. 275 scholars. Pop. 1,301. Upper Saucov, t., Lehigh co.. Pa., 6 s. e. Northampton. The suriace is diversified with mountains and valleys; soil, in the valleys, cal- careous loam. Drained by Saucon cr., a branch of Lehigh r. A v. near the s. E. boundary con- tains a church, and there is another church in the .\. e. part. Iron ore is found in South mountain, which occupies its n. part. It has 7 stores, cap. $24,500; 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 8 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $12,650. 4 sch. 130 schol- ars. Pop. 2,072. Upper St. Clair, t., Alleghany co.. Pa. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam. Drained by Char- tier's cr. It has 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 4 flouring m., 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,700. 1 acad. 12 students, 11 sch. 360 scholars. Pop. 2,302. Upper Stillwater, p-v., Orono t., Penob- scot CO., Me. The falls in the Penobscot r. here afford great water power. Upper Strasburgh, p-v., Letterkenny t., Franklin CO., Pa., 10 n. w. Chambershurg, 51 w. .s. w. Harrisburg, 99 W. Situated in a fork of Hcvren's branch of Conedogwinit cr. Upper Swatara, t., Dauphin co.. Pa. The surface is various ; soil, gravelly. Drained by Swatara cr. It has 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 brewery, 1 pottery, 3 flouring ra. Cap. in manufac $13,725. Pop. 1,205. Upper Tract, p-o., Pendleton co., Va., 182 N. w. by w. Richmond, 182 VV. Upper Tulpehocken, t., Berks co.. Pa. The surface is diversified; soil, a productive calcare- ous loam and gravel. Drained by Northkill and Little Northkill creeks, tributaries of Tulpehock- en creek. The Union canal follows the latter stream along the s. boundary of the t. It con- tains a church, common to Presbyterians and Lutherans. It has 5 stores, cap. $22,000 ; 1 wool- len fac, 1 forge, 2 tanneries, 1 pottery, 5 flour- ing m., 6 grist m., 5 saw m. Capital in manufac. $6,820. Pop. 2,941. Upper Tvgart, p-c, Carter co., Ky. '09 e. Frankfort, 451 W. Upperville, p-v., Fauquier co., Va., 129 n. by w. Richmond, 55 W. It contains 4 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, 1 Episcopal, and 1 free to all denominations — an academy, 3 stores, 64 dwellings, and about 350 inhabitants. Upper Yarmouth, p-v., North Yarmouth t., Cumberland co.. Me., 47 s. w. Aucrusta, 562 W. Upso.v, county, Ga. Situated a little s. w. of the centre of the state, and contains 225 sq. ms. Flint r. runs on its s. w. border, by branches of which it is drained. Capital, Thomaston. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,595, sheep 1,791, swine 17,846; wheat 29,333 bush, produced, Ind. corn 221,340, oats 10,058, potatoes 8,139, cotton 6,477,334 pounds ; 12 stores, cap. $62,170 ; 2 cot- ton fac. 1,720 sp., 7 distilleries, 4 flouring m., 12 ^rist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $101,635. b acad. 303 students, 7 sch. 171 scholars. Pop. whites 5,536, slaves 3,868, free col'd 4 ; total, 9,408. Upsonville, p-v., Susquehanna co.. Pa., 180 N. N. E. Harrisburg, 293 \V. Upton, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 35 w. s. w. Boston, 410 W. The surfiice is various; soil, It is the seat j generally fertile. Drained by West r., a tribu- tary of Blackstone r. Incorporated in 1735. The Upper Salford, t., Montgomery co., Pa., 10] v contains a Congregational church, and about VAL 675 VAL 50 dwellings. The t. contains also a Baptist and an Episcopal church. It has 3 stores, cap. $12,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $37,900. Pop. 1,466. Upton, p-o., Franklin co., Pa., 60 w. s w. Harrisburg, 83 W. Urbanna, p-t,, Steuben co., N. Y., 211 w. by s. Albany, 307 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, clay loam, and generally fertile. Watered by the s. portion of Crooked lake, and by small streams flowing into it. It contains a convenient landing place, at the s. end of the lake. It has 9 stores, cap. $32,500 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,430. 2 acad. 60 stu- dents, 12 sch. 650 scholars. Pop. 1,834. Urbanna, p-v. Frederick co., Md., 76 n. w. Annapolis, 36 W. Urbanna, p-v., capital of Middlesex co., Va., 84 E. by N. Richmond, 146 W. Situated on the s. w. side of Rappahannock r., near the mouth of Urbanna cr. It contains a court house, jail, 4 stores, 10 dwellings, and about 175 inhabitants. Urbanna, p-t., capital of Champaign eo., O., 46 w. by N. Columbus, 439 W. The v. contains a court house, jail, a market house, a Metliodist church, 9 stores, and 1,070. inhabitants. There are in the t. 10 stores, 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 1 printing office. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. Pop. i,3i6. Urbanna, p-v., capital of Champaign co.. 111., 92 E. N. E. Springfield, 691 W. Situated on the s. side of the Salt iork of Vermilion r., and con- tains a court house, jail, and about 30 dwellings. Ursa, p o., Adams Co., 111., 10 n. Quincy, 114 w. Springfield, 894 W. Situated in Bear Creek settlement. Utica, city, Oneida co., N. Y., is on the s. side of the Mohawk r., in 43'^ lO'N.lat., 74° 13' w. Ion., 92 w. by N. Albany, 140 Rochester, 202 Buffalo, 76 Osweffo, 3S8 W. Pop. 1820, 2,972; 1830, 8,323 ; 1840, 12,782. The city stands on a beau- tifully inclined plane, rising s. from the Mohawk, the highest parts of which present fine prospects. The buildings, most of which are of brick, are good, and many of them splendid. The streets are neat and spacious, many of them 100 feet wide. It has 18 churches — 3 Presbyterian, 1 Dutch Reformed, 2 Episcopal, 4 Baptist, 3 Meth- odist, 2 Roman Catholic, 1 Universalist, 1 Afri- can, and 1 Friends meeting house. There is also an Exchange building. Be.sides numerous chari- table institutions, there are in the city the County Medical Society, 2 incorporated academies, one for males and the other for females, a museum, the Utica Library, the Mechanics' Association, which supports popular lectures, and the Ap- prentices' Library. There are 4 banks, with an aggregate capital of $900,000, besides a bank for saving.s, and an insurance company, with a cap- ital of $200,000, and a mutual insurance compa- ny. The State Lunatic Asylum is located here, about a mile w. of the centre of the city. The Erie canal, here widened to 70 feet, and 7 feet deep, passes through the central part of the city, and is crossed by a number of elevated and ele- gant bridges. The Chenango canal connects this place with Binghamton, in Broome co. The great Western railroad from Albany passes through it. There are also fine roads in various directions, n. and s., on which numerous stages run. Utica is in the midst of a rich and highly cultivated couniry, and as might be expected, possesses an extensive trade. A culvert has been completed within the city from the canal to the river, at an expense of $100,000. In 1794 there were here only 3 or 4 poor houses. Utica was incorporated as a village in 1793, and as a city in 1330. There were in 1840, in the city 2 commer- cial and 3 commission houses in foreign trade, cap. $58,000 ; 138 retail stores, cap, $l,6t8,595 ; 3 lumber yards, cap. $41,000; 5 furnaces, cap. $59,000; value of machinery manufactured $166,555; 6 tanneries, cap. $103,000; 2 brew- eries, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 paper fac, 6 printing offices, 6 weekly newspapers, 61 brick and stone, and 30 wooden houses, cost .$253,000. Cap. in manufac. $496,130. 10 acad. 670 students, 36 sch. 981 scholars. Utica, p-o., Venango co., Pa., 218 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 292 W. Utica, p-v., Washington t.. Licking co., O., 51 E. by N. Columbus, 372 W. It contains 3 stores, 50 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. Utica, p-v.. Shelby t., Macomb co., Mich., 22 N. N. E. Detroit, 546 W. Situated on the e. bank of Clinton r., and contains 2 churches — 1 Presby- terian and 1 3Iethodist — an academy, 4 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw iiv, and 1 iron foundry. Utica, p-v., ClarRe co., la., 109 s. by e. In- dianapolis, 597 W. Situated on the n. w. bank of Ohio r., and contains 3 stores, and about 300 inhabitants. Utica, p-v., Hinds Co., Miss., 33 w. Jackson, 1,043 W. Utica, p-v., Livingston co.. Mo., 167 n. w. Jeffisr.son City, 1,059 W. Situated on the w. side of Grand r., 1 m. from the junction of the e. and w. forks, at the head of steamboat navigation, and contains about 100 inhabitants. Utica Mills, p o., Frederick co., Md., 84 n. w. Annapolis, 51 W. Utoy, p-o., De Kalb co., Ga., 103 n. w. by w. Milledgeville, 639 W. Uwchland, p-t., Chester co., Pa., 30 s. s. w. Philadelphia, 69 e. s. e. Harrisburg, 129 W. The surface is a gentle declivity ; soil, sandy loam. Drained by Brandywine or., which afford;, water power. It has a church near the centre ; 3 stores, cap. $16,200 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 forge, 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 2 paper fac, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $27,857. 7 sch. 210 scholars. Pop. 1,565. UxBRiDGE, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 33 s. w. Boston, 403 W. Watered by Muniibrd and West rivers, which afford water power. Black- stone r. and canal pass through it. Chartered in 1727. The v. at the centre contains 1 Congre- gational and 1 Unitarian church, and a number of dwellings. The t. contains iron ore, and a fine stone quarry ; 4 stores, cap. s7,200; 12 fulling m., 5 woollen fac, 3 cotton fac. 5,5J0 sp., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $163,300. 2 acad. 42 students, 13 sch. 549 scholars. Pop 2,004. UxBRiDGE, p-o., Montgomery co., N. Y. V. Valatie, p-v., Kinderhook t, Columbia co., N. Y., 20 s. Albany, 352 W. Situated at the junction of Valatie and Kinderhook creeks, 2 rns. E. Kinderhook v. It contains 3 churches, 12 stores, 4 cotton fac, employing 400 persons, 1 machine shop, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 fulling m., 1 plaster m., 200 dwellings, and about 1,600 in- habitants. Valcour, Isl., N. Y. Situated in Lake Cham- plain, a few ms. s. of Plattsburgh, near the New Vork shore, and is 2i ms. long, and half a inil^ wide. VAN 676 VAN Vallene, p-v., Orange co., la., 104 s. by w. Indianapolis, 635 W. Valley, p-o., Mifflin co., Pa., 66 n. w. Harris- bure, 15S W. VALLEY Creek, p-o., Dallas co., Ala., 80 s. by E. Tuscaloosa, 856 W. Valley, t., Columbia co.. Pa. It has 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 grist ra., 3 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $2,940; 3 sch. 93 scholars. Population, 633. Valley Forge, p-v., Schuylkill t., Chester CO., Pa., 20 N. vv. Philadelphia, 81 e. by s. Har- risburg, 159 W. Situated at the junction of Val- ley cr. with Schuylkill r. It contains 2 stores, 1 cotton fac. 2,000 sp., 1 rolling m., 1 gun fac, 1 flouring in., 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabit- ants. Valley Head, p-o., De Kalb co., Ala., 161 n. E. Tuscaloosa, 656 W. Vallonia, p-v., Jackson co., la., 3 s. w. Brownstown, 75 s. Indianapolis, 600 W. It con- tains about 50 inhabitants. Vallonia Springs, p-o., Colesville t., Broome CO., N. Y., 114 w. s. w. Albany, 310 W. Valparaiso, p-v., capital of Porter co., la., 138 N. N. w. Indianapolis, 6S2 W. Situated on Salt cr., vvliich flows into Lake Michigan. It contains a court house, jail, and about 200 inhabitants. Valverde, p-o., Macon co., Ala., 143 s. E. Tuscaloosa, 834 W. Van, p-o., Jay co., la., ^ n. e. Indianapolis, 517 W. ' Van Buren, county, Mich. Situated toward the s. vv. part of the state, and contains 633 sq. ms. Drained by Pawpaw r. and its branches, s. branch of Black r., Dowagiake, and Brush crs. The streams afford good water power, and Paw- paw r. is boatable 70 ras. from its mouth. The surface is level ; soil, fertile. Capital, Pawpaw. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,125, sheep 538, Bwine 3,422; wheat 15,640 bush, produced, Ind. corn 28,587, oats 16,176, potatoes 20,832, sugar 25,365 pounds ; 4 stores, cap. $19,200; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $36,900. 23 sch. 516 scholars. Pop. 1,910. Van Buren, county, Iowa. Situated in the e. w. part of the state, and contains 504 sq. m.s. Drained by Des 3Ioines r. and its branches. The soil is fertile. Copper, iron, and tin ore, and a fine marble are found. Capital, Keo.':auke. Tlu^re were in 1840, neat cattle 5,36 1, sheep 2,667, swine 15,821; wheat 8,757 bush, produced, Ind. corn 151,481, buckwheat 1,046, oats 12,174, po- tatoes 18,150, sugar 6,869 pounds ; 16 stores, cap. $24,200 ; 1 tannery, 2 potteries, 10 grist m., 12 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $31,295. 6 sch. 123 scholars. Pop. 6,1 !6. Van Buren, county, ]Mo. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 648 square miles. Drained by Grand r. and Big creek. The sur- face is undulating, and two thirds of it is prairie ; soil, fertile. Capital, Harrisonville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,726, sheep 3,332, swine 19,573; wheat 1,614 bush, produced, Ind. corn 222,511, oats 11,000, potatoes 9,112, tobacco 8,875 pounds, cotton 2,590 ; 1 1 stores, cap. $39,800 ; 4 tanneries, 1 flouring in., 6 grist in., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §8,310. 13 sch. 298 scholars. Pop. 4,6.13. Van Buren, county, Ark. Situated a little n. of the centre of the state, and contains 1,350 sq. ms. Drained by Little Red r. and its branches. Capital, Clinton. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 2,86-!, sheep 520, swine 9,213; wheat 1,515 bush, produced, Ind. corn 79,800, oats 3,257, po- tatoes 2,615, tobacco 1,220 pounds, cotton 8,051 ; 5 stores, cap. $1,104; 3 distilleries, 7 grist m., 4 sch. 95 scholars. Pop. whites 1,459, slaves 59 ; total, 1,518. Van Buren, p-t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 12 n. w. Syracuse, 141 w. by n. Albany, 358 W. The surface is rolling ; soil, clay and sandy loam. Drained by Camp brook, flowing into Seneca r., which bounds it on the n. It has 8 stores, cap $30,600 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $115,305. 1 acad. 61 students, 9 sch. 436 scholars. Pop. 3,021. Van Buren, p-o., Washington co.. Pa., 216 w. Ilarrisburg, 243 W. Van Buren, p-t., Hancock co., O., 96 .\. n. w. Columbus, 452 W. The v. contains 74 inhabit- ants. There are in the t. 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 3 sch. 127 scholars. Pop. 402. Van Buren, t., Darke co., O. It has 2 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 421. Van Buren, t., Shelby co., O. Pop. 596. Van Buren, p-o., Callaway co., Ky., 264 w. s. w. Frankfort, 791 W. Van Buren, t., Wayne co., Mich. Watered by Huron r. It has 6 sch. 1 14 scholars. Pop. 940. Van Buren, t.. Brown co., la. Pop. 417. Van Buren, t.. La Grange co., la. It has 2 distilleries, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $4,375. 2 sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 284. Van Buren, p-t.. Clay co., la., 61 w. s. w. In- dianapolis, 632 W. It has 1 distillery. Cap. in manufac. $900. 1 sch. 18 scholars. Pop. 538. Van Buren, p-v., Hardiman co., Tenn., 172 w. s. w. Nashville, 857 W. Van Buren, p-v., De Kalb co., Ala., 135 n. e Tuscaloosa, 682 W. Van Buren, p-v., Itawamba co.. Miss. Sit- uated on the w. side of Tombigbee r., and con- tains about 100 inhabitants. Van Buren, p-v., capital of Ripley co.. Mo. Situated on the vv. side of Current r. It contains a court house, 1 store, and a few dwellings. Van Buren, p-v., Van Buren co., Iowa. Van Buren, p-v., capital of Crawford co.. Ark. Situated on the N. side of Arkansas r., and con- tains a court house, jail, several stores, and about 500 inhabitants. Van Buren, t., Carroll co., Ark. It has 1 grist m. Van Buren Centre, p-o., Van Buren t., Onon- daga CO., N. v., 144 w. by n. Albany, 351 W. Van Buren Harbor, p-v., Pomfret t., Chau- tauque co., N. Y., 5 s. E. Dunkirk, 334 vv. by s. Albany, 354 W. Situated on the s. side of Lake Erie, where is a convenient steamboat landing, and a few dwellings. It is extensively and re- gularly laid out. Van Burenville, p-o., Wallkill t.. Orange CO., N. Y., 107 s. s. w. Albany, 278 W. Vanceborough, p-v., Winnebago co.. 111. Vanceburg, p-v., Lewis co., Ky., 110 e. n. e. Frankfort, 466 VV. Situated on the s. w. side of Ohio r., at the junction of Salt cr. It contains about 50 inhabitants. Vances Ferry, po., Orangeburg dist., S. C, 97 s, Columbia, 535 W. Vandalia, p-v., capital of Fayette co.. 111., and formerly capital of the slate, is situated on the w. bank of Kaskaskia r. It is regularly laid out, with streets crossing each other at right angles. There is a public square in the centre, and the streets are 80 feet wide. It contains a court house, jail, a U. S. land oflice, 2 churches — I Presbyterian and 1 Methodist — 11 stores, 2 print- ing oflices, each issuing a weekly newspaper, I steam saw m., 1 water saw m., and about 800 in- habitants. The national road extends to tliis placa VAR 677 VER Vanderburg, county, la. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 225 sq. ms. The surface is generally hilly, with an hiferior soil, but near the Ohio r. the soil is very fertile. Ohio r. bounds it on the s., affording great com- mercial facilities. Drained by Big Pigeon, Blue Grass, Little, and Locust creeks. Capital, Evans- ville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,021, sheep 713, swine 7,330 ; wheat 4,223 bush, pro- duced, Ind. corn 105,729, oats 4,315, potatoes 3,511, sugar 335 pounds; 1 commission house, cap. $5,000 ; 4'J stores, cap. $49,934 ; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, I brewery, 2 llouring ni., 7 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $57,180. 7 sch. 212 scholars. Pop. 6,230. Vandermark, p-o., Alfred t., Alleghany cc, N. Y., 258 w. by s. Albany, 328 W. Van Deusenville, p-v., Berkshire cc, Mass., 137 w. Boston, 35S W. Van Ettenville, p-o., Cayuta t., Chemung CO., N. Y., 183 w. by s. Albany, 284 W. Van Hill, p-o., Hawkins cc, Tenn., 261 e Nashville, 451 W. Van Hooks Store, p-o., Person cc, N. C, 52 N. .\. w. Raleigh, 255 W. Van Hornsville, p-o., Starks t., Herkimer CO., N. Y., 64 N. w. Albany, 382 W. Vannov's Mill, p-o.. Pike co.. Mo. Vanns Valley, p-o., Floyd co., Ga., 173 N. w. by w. Milledgeville, 6S4 W. Van Rensselaer, t., Ottowa co., O. It com- prehends the Bass islands in Lake Erie, one of which has the fine harbor of Put in Bay. Pop. 27. Van Sickle's Store, p-o., Hunterdon cc, N. J., 38 N. N. w. Trenton, 198 W. Situated on the s. e. foot of Musconetcong mountain. Van Wert, county, 0. Situated in the w. toward the n. part of the state, and contains 432 sq. ms. The surface is level ; .soil, varies from rich bottom to a light sandy loam, and is produc- tive. It is mostly covered with a dense forest. Drained by St. 3Iary's and Little Auglaize rivers. The Miami canal pa.sses near its e. border, with- out entering it. Capital, Van Wert. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,724, sheep 335, swine 3,800 ; wheat 3,090 bush, produced, Ind. corn 33,306, oais 3,267, potatoes 5,671, sugar 3,070 pounds ; 4 stores, cap. $4,100 ; 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. @2,100. Pop. 1,577. Van Wert, p-v., capital of Paulding co., Ga., 133 w. N. w. Jlilledgeville, 681 W. It contains a court house, jail, an academy, 1 church, and about 125 inhabitants. Van Wert, p-v., capital of Van Wert co., O., 136 N. w. by w. Columbus, 510 W. Situated on a branch of Little Auglaize r., and contains a court house, jail, and a number of dwellings. Varrenes, p-v., Anderson dist., S. C, 122 w. N. w. Columbia, 549 W. Varick, p-t., Seneca CO., N. Y., 8 s. Waterloo, 186 w. Albany, 332 W. It extends from Cayuga lake on the e., to Seneca lake on the w., and the surface is moderately elevated in the middle, and declines to each lake. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. It has 3 stores, cap. $11,000 i 11 sch. 615 scholars. Pop. 1,971. Variety Mills, p-o., Nelson cc, Va., 103 w. by N. Richmond, 163 W. It contains 1 store, 1 grist ra., 1 Houring m., 1 tannery, 4 dwellings, and 25 inhabitants. Varna, p-v., L'ryden t., Tompkins co., N. Y., 161 w. by s. Albany, 299 W. Situated on Fall cr., and contains 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 sash fac, 30 dwellings, and about 2t»0 inhabitants. Varysgurg, p-v., Sheldon t., Wyoming co., N. Y., 264 w. Albany, 369 W. Situated on To- nawanda cr., and contains 1 Baptist and 1 Meth- odist church, 4 stores, 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 tannery, 30 dwellings, and about 223 inhabitants. VAi^sALBORouGH, p-t., Keunebcc co.. Me., 11 N. by E. Augusta, 606 W. Bounded w. by Ken- nebec r. I'he surface is various ; soil, fertile. The outlets of 2 large ponds, on its e. border, af- ford water power. There are several other ponds in the t. By means of the dam across Kennebec r. at Augusta, and the lock at that place, vessels from the ocean come to this place. Incorporated in 1771. It has 9 stores, cap. $9,200; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 6 tanneries, 1 paper liictnry, 7 grist m., 7 saw m. Capital in manul'ac. $51,335. 1 acad. 100 students, 22 sch. l,I6i scholars. Pop. 2,952. Vauclause, po., Wood co., Va. Vaugine, t., Jefferson co.. Ark. It has 7 stores, cap. $49,100 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,100. Pop. 1,33 J. Venice, p-t., (^aynga co., N. Y., 15 s. Auburn, 164 w. Albany, 325 W. The surface is undula- ting ; soil, clay and gravelly loam. Drained by Salmon cr. It has 6 stores, cap. $34,000 ; 1 full- ing m., 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,200. 21 sch. 1,089 scholars. Pop. 2,105. Venice, p-o., Washington co.. Pa. Venice, p-v., Erie co., O., 103 n. Columbus, 417 W. Situated on^ie s. side of Sandusky bay on Cold cr., which rises in the centre of Marga- retta t., and has its source from springs, some 60 feet below the surface of the earth, affording ex- tensive water power, not influenced by rain or drought. It contains 3 stores, 3 warehouses, 100 rods of wharf, 1 flouring m. capable of grinding 1,000 bush, wheat daily, 1 saw m., 1 lath fac, 1 shingle fac, 50 dwellings, and about 400 inhab- itants. Venice, t., Seneca co., O. The soil is fertile. It contains Attica and Caroline villages. It has 5 sch. 255 scholars. Pop. 1,222. Venice, p-c, Caroline co., Va. Venango, county. Pa. Situated toward the N. w. part of the state, and contains 1,120 square ms. Drained by Alleghany r. and its branches, and by Toby's cr. The surface is uneven ; soil, well adapted to grazing. Organized in 1805. Capital, Franklin. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 16,070, sheep 28,775, swine 24,512; wheat 128,486 bush, produced, rye 72,068, Indian corn 59,730, buckwheat 52,114, oats 214,157, potatoes 1 18,719, sugar 17,561 lbs.; 43 stores, cap. $120,000 ; 7 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 16 furnaces, 1 forge, 17 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 3 potteries, 49 grist m., 59 saw m., 2 oil m., 1 printing office, 1 vieekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. .$134,755. 1 acad. 20 students, 35 sch. 949 scholars. Pop. 17,900. Venango, t., Crawford co.. Pa. It has 3 stores, cap. $4,100 ; 1 tannery, 1 pottery, 1 flouring m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,870. Pop. 1,299, Venango, t., Erie co.. Pa. It has 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $3,600. 9 sch. 250 scholars. Pop. 812. Venango, t., Butler co., Pa. It has 1 store, capital $1,600 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Capital in manufac. $3,945. 7 sch. 121 scholars Pop. 822. Verbank, p-o.. Union Vale t., Dutchess cq., N. Y., 82 s. by e. Albany, 309 W. Verdiersville, p-o.. Orange co., Va., 88 n. w. Richmond, 82 W. Verdon, p-c, Hanover cc, Va., 23 N. Rich^ mond, 97 W. Vergennes, city, Addison cc, Vt., 66 w. by 8. Montpelier, 489 W. This is the only cily in VER 678 VER the stale, and lies at the head of navigation on Otter Creek r., 7 miles from its month. Vessels of 300 tons may come to its wharf, and McDon- ough's squadron, by which the victory of Platts- burgh was gained, Sept. 11th, 1814, was fitted out here. Incorporated as a city in 1788. Otter creek is here 500 feet wide, and is divided by an island into 2 channels, with a fall of 37 feet, crea- ting probably the best water power in the state. Tiie iron works here are very extensive. Ore is obtained from Monkton, in the vicinity. It con- tains 3 churclie.s — 1 Congregational, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist; 13 stores, cap. $110,000 ; 2 full- ing m., 1 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 2 saw m , 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Capital in manufac. $3,800. 3 sch. 230 scholars. Pop. 1,017. It contains many neat dwellings, and has a romantic appearance. Vermilion, bay. La. Situated at the mouth of Vermilion r., and connected with the Gulf of IMcxico by a strait calleil Grand Pass. It is con- nected on the E. with Cote Blanche bay. Ver- milion bay has 10 or 12 feet water, but the bar at its entrance has only 5 feet. Vekmii.io.n, river, La., ri.ses in the n. k. part of Lafayette parish, nnd llowing s. through its E. part, it enters Vermilion bay. Vkrmilio.v, river, O., rises in the N. part of Richland co., and flows n. into Lake Erie, 9 ms. E. Huron. The United States government has improved the harbor at its naputh. Vermilio.v, river. 111., riSs in Livingston co., and enters Illinois r. in La Salle co., at the foot of the rapids. It has rapids and falls in its lower part, and affords good water power. Bituminous coal, lime, sand, and freestone, are found on its banks. Vermilion, county, la. Situated in the w. part of the state, is long and narrow, and contains 2Sl) sq. miles. V,' abash r. flows on its E. border. Watered by Vermilion and Little Vermilion rs., and other small branches of Wabash river. The surface is elevated and gently rolling ; soil, fer- tile. Capital, Newport. There were in 1810, neat cattle 7,632, sheep 0,498, swine 23,085 ; wheat 51,185 bush, produced, Ind. corn 508,297, oats 83,027, potatoes 1S,629, rice 29,051 pounds, tobacco 890; 22 stores, cap. $124,100; 2 tanner- ies, 5 distilleries, 4 flouring m., 3 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $40,825. 13 sch. 426 scholars. Pop. 8,274. Vermilion, county. 111. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 1,000 sq. ms. The surface is undulating ; soil, fertile. Drained by Big and Little Vermilion rs. and their branches. Capital, Danville. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 13,725, sheep 16,966, swine 35,984; wheat 69,708 bushels produced, rye 6,3J2, Indian corn 941,810, potatoes 20,602, tobacco 5,4S1 pounds, sugar 101.807 ; 24 stores, cap. $S9,800; 3 tanner- ies, 3 distilleries, 3 potteries, 4 flouring m., 15 grist m., 27 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufactures $63,110. 26 sch. 691 scholars. Pop. 9,303. Vermilion, p-t., Erie co., O., 119 N.Columbus, 389 W. Lake Erie bounds it on the n., and Ver- milion r. flows through its n. e. part into the lake. It abounds in iron ore, which is extensively wrought. It has a v. of tho same name at the mouth of the r. It has 12 sch. 575 scholars. Pop. 1,334. VermiliojV, t., Richland co., O. It contains Haysville v. It has 648 scholars in schoois. Pop. 2,402. Vermilion, t., Vermilion co.. la. It has 1 dis- tillery. Capital in manufac. $1,050. 2 sch. 55 scholars. Pop. 1,540. Vermilionville, p-v., capital of Lafayette par.. La. Situated on the w. side of Vermilion r., H m. from it, at the head of navigation, on a beau- tiful plaiii. It contains a court house, jail, and 250 inhabitants. Vermilionville, p-v., La Salle co.. 111. Sit- uated a little N. e. of Vermilion r. On the r. is abundant water power, and bilaminous coal exists in greai quantities in the vicinity. VERMONT. Vermont, one of tha northern LTnited States, is bounded n. by Lower Canada ; e. by New Hampshire ; s. by Massachusetts ; and w. by New York, from which it is chiefly separated by Lake Champlain. It lies between 42° 44' and 45° n. lat , and between 71° 38' and 73° 26' w. Ion. It is 157 miles long from n. to s., and 90 miles broad on the northern boundary, and 40 on the soutlif-rn, and contains 10,212 square miles, oi" 6,535,630 acres. The population in 1790, was 85,589; in 1800, 154,465; in 1810,217,895; in 1820,235,764; in 1830, 280,679; in 1840, 291,948. Of these 146,378 are white males; 144,810 do. females; 364 colored males; 366 do. females. Employed in agriculture, 73,150; in commerce, 1,303; in manufactures and trades, 13,174; navi- gating the ocean, rivers, &c., 187; learned professions, &c., 1,563. The stnte is divided into 14 counties, which, with their population in 1840, and their capitals, were asfollow.'> : Addison, 23,533, Middlebury ; Bennington, 16,872, Bennington and ftlanchcsier; Caledonia, 21,891, Danville; Chittenden, 22,977, Burlington ; Essex, 4,226, Guildhall ; Frank- lin, 24,531, St. Albans; Grand Isle, 3,883, North Hero ; Lamoille, 10,475, Hydepark ; Orange, 27,873, Chelsea ; Orleans, 13,634, Irasburg ; Rutland, 30,699, Rutland; Washington, 23,506, Montpelier ; Windham, 27,442, Newfanc ; Windsor, 40,356, Windsor and Woodstock. Montpelier, on Winooski river, 33 miles e. s. e. from Burlington, is the capital. Vermont is a hilly or mountainous country. To the distance of from 5 to 10 miles e. of Lake Champlain the country is moderately uneven, and generally very fertile. A chain of mountains, called the Green mountains, from which the state takes its name, runs almost the whole length of the .state, being in the south part from 10 to 15 miles wide, with some intervening valleys. Near the centre of the state the range divides into two parts ; the western continues n., and, though broken, has the highest summits ; while the eastern passes in a N. E. direction, in an unbroken chain. It is a curious fact that this immense barrier has a passage through it, without even any high hills. The southern branch of Onion river, which flows into Lake Champlain, has its source very near to if not in the same swamp with the head of White river, which flows into the Conneo- VER 679 VER ticUt. The road passes along these streams from Burlington through Montpelier to Hartford, Vt., without any considerable elevations or depressions, and is called the valley road, presenting much grand and beautiful scenery. It passes near the base of Camel's Rump, one of the higliest peaks of the Green mountains. Before the mountain divides, Killington Peak, 3,675 feet above the level of the sea, is the highest summit, but there are two higher summits after it divides, which are in the western range. These are Camel's Rump, on the s. side of Onion river, which is 4,183 feet high, and Mansfield mountain, the highest of all, on the n. side of Onion river, which is 4,279 feet high. The land in the part of the state e. of the mountain ridge, is more hilly than that on the •W'estern side. The soil of the state may be regarded as fertile, but is generally better fitted for grazing than for grain. Excellent land for wheat is found throughout tlie western border of the state near Lake Champlain, and summer wheat succeeds well in most parts of the state. Corn produces the best on the margin of the streams, though it does viell in other parts. Even among the Green moun- tains are fine grazing farms. The productions of the state are wheat, rye, Indian corn, oats, buck- wheat, peas, and flax. The natural growth of the soil, on the e. of the mountains, is birch, beech, maple, ash, elm, and butternut ; and on the w. the growth of hard wood is intermixed with pine and other evergreens. In 1840 there were in this state, 62,402 horses and mules ; 384,341 neat cattle ; 1,681,819 sheep ; 203,800 swine ; poultry to the value of $131,578. There were produced 495,800 bushels of wheat ; 54,781 of barley; 2,222,5S4 of oats; 230,993 of rye ; 228,416 of buckwheat ; 8,869,751 of potatoes; 1,119,678 of Indian corn ; 836,739 tons of hay ; 29 of hemp and flax ; 4,286 pounds of silk cocoons ; 3,699,235 of wool ; 4,647,931 of sugar; 48,137 of hops ; 4,660 of wax. The products of the dairy amounted to $2,008,737 ; of the orchard to $213,944 ; of lumber to $349,939 ; 718 tons of pot and pearl ashes. The exports consist of pot and pearl ashes, beef, pork, butter, cheesy flax, live cattle, &c. The trade e. of the mountains is chiefly to Boston and Hartford ; and w. of the mountains to New York and Montreal, to which it has an easy access through Lake Champlain and the Champlain canal to the Hudson river. The climate is healthy, though the winters are cold. The snow generally lies from December to March, and is often 4 feet deep on the mountains. It is on an average several degrees colder on the eastern than on the western side of the mountains. Lake Champlain is not wholly frozen over until about the 1st of February. The most important rivers are on the w. side of the state, and flow into Lake Champlain. They are the Otter Creek, 85 miles long, and navigable for sloops 6 miles to Vergennes ; Onion river, which is 80 miles long, and enters the lake 4 miles n. of the village of Burlington ; Lamoille, which is 70 miles long, and Missisque, which has about the same length. Small boats may penetrate these rivers to their lower falls, and they all have sets of fine falls, which furnish excellent mill se.its. The principal rivers on the e. side of the mountains, which flow into the Connecticut, are Deerfield, White, Black, and Pasumsic rivers. Lake Champlain, more than two thirds of which is in this state, is estimated to contain 600 square miles. Lake Memphrcmagog lies partly in this state and partly in Canada, and is 40 ms. long, and 7 or 8 wide. Lake Bombazine in Castleton, and Salisbury Pond in Salisbury, are considerable bodies of water. The islands of Lake Champlain are considerably numerous, and some of them are large, fertile, and populous, and, with the peninsula of Alburgh, constitute Grand Isle county. The principal are North Hero, South Hero, and La Motte. There are various har- bors on Lake Champlain, the principal of which are those of St. Albans, Burlington, and Vergennes. Burlington is the largest and most commercial town in the state. The other principal towns are Middlebury, St. Albans, Rutland, and Bennington on the w., Montpelier in the centre, and Wind- sor, Woodstock, Danville, and Newbury on the e. side of the mountains. The exports of this state in 1840, amounted to $305,150 ; and the imports to $404,617. Vermont is an agricultural, rather than a commercial or manufacturing state. There were in the state in 1340, 747 retail stores, groceries, &c., which employed a capital of $2,964,060. There was employed in the lumber trade a capital of $45,506. The home-made or domestic manufactures amounted to $674,548. There were in the state 95 woollen manufactories, and 239 fulling mills, which employed 1,450 persons, and produced articles to the amount of $1,331,953, with a capital of $1,406,950; there were 7 cotton manufactories with 7,254 spindles, which manufactured articles to the amount of $113,000, and employed a capital of $118,100 ; 26 furnaces produced 6,743 tons of cast iron, and 14 forges produced 655 tons of bar iron, employing 788 persons, and a capital of $664,150; hats and caps were manufactured to the amount of $62,432, and straw bonnets to the amount of $2,819, employing 126 persons, and a capital of $32,875 ; 17 paper manufactories pro- duced articles to the amount of $179,720 ; all other manufactories of paper produced $35,000, the whole employing 195 persons, and a capital of $216,500 ; 2 glass houses employed 70 persons, pro- ducing articles to the amotuit of $55,000, with a capital of $35,000 ; 8 potteries produced articles to VER 680 VER the amount of $23,000, with a capital of $10,350 ; 261 tanneries employed 509 persons, with a capi- tal of $403,093 ; 399 other leather manufactories, as saddleries, &c., manufactured articles to tlie amount of $361,463, with a capital of $163,090; granite and marbl» were manufactured to the amount of $62,515; bricks and lime were made to the amount of $402,218; 2 distilleries and 1 brewery employed 5 persons, and a capital of $8,850 ; 87 persons produced machinery to the amount of $101,354 ; 33 persons produced hardware and cutlery to the amount of $16,650; 437 per- sons produced carriages and wagons to tlie amount of $162,097, with a capital of $101,570: 190 persons manufactured furniture to the amount of $83,275, with a capital of $49,850 ; 72 stone or brick houses, and 463 wooden houses were built by 912 persons, and cost $344,396 ; 42 persons manufiictured 1,153 small-arms ; vessels were built to tlie amount of $72,000; 29 printing offices, 14 binderies, 2 daily newspapers, 26 weekly do., 2 semi-weekly do., and 3 periodicals, employed 156 persons, and a capital of $194,200. The total amount of capital employed in manufactures in the state was $4,326,440. There are three colleges in Vermont. The University of Vermont, in Burlington, was founded in 1791 ; Middlebury College in 1300; and Norwich University in 1834. In these institutions, there were in 1840, 233 students. There were in the state 46 academies, with 4,113 students; and 2,402 primary and common schools, with 82,817 scholars ; and 2,270 persoiiS over 20 years of age who could neither read nor write. The principal religious denominatiors are the Congregationalists, the Baptists, and the Metho- dists. In 1836, the Congregationalists had 186 churches, 114 ministers, and 20,575 communicants ; the Baptists, 125 churches, 78 ministers, and 10,525 communicants ; the Methodists had 75 itiner- ant preachers ; the Episcopalians, 1 bishop and 18 ministers. Besides these there is a considerable number of Universalists and Christians, and a few Unitarians and Roman Catholics. In September, 1839, there were 10 banks, with an aggregate capital of $1,325,530, and a circula- tion of $1,965,312. Vermoat has no state debt. There is a Penitentiary located at Windsor. The first constitution of this state was formed in 1777. Flie present constitution was adopted July 4th, 1793. Tiie legislative power is vested in the house of representatives, elected annually, and every town is entitled to one representative. The "General Assembly of the State of Ver- mont" meet annually at MonlpcUer in October. The executive power is vested in a governor, lieutenant-governor, and a council of 12 persons chosen annually by the people. They commission all ofli3ers, sit as judges to consider and determine on impeachments, prepare and lay before the general assembly such business as appears to them necessary, and have power to revise and pro- pose amendments to the laws passed by the ho\ise of representatives. The judiciary power is vested in a supreme court, consisting of 5 judges ; and one judge of the supreme court, with two assistant judges in each county, constitute a county court. The judges of the supreme and county courts, judges of probate courts, sherifTs and justices of the peace, are elected annually by the general assembly. A council of censors, consisting of 13 persons, are chosen every 7 years, who meet at Montpelier in .June, to inquire whether the constitution has been preserved inviolate, whether the executive and legislative branches of the government have performed their duty as guardians of the people, whether taxes have been justly laid and collected, in what manner the public moneys have been disposed of, and whether the laws have been duly executed. Every person of 21 years of age, who has resided in the state one year immediately previous to the election of representatives, and is of quiet and peaceable behavior, has the right of suffrage. The pay of the councillors and representatives is $1.50 a day, during the session, and 6 cents a mile for travel, going and returning. The lieutenant-governor and speaker of the house receive $2.50 a day. The salary of the governor is $750 a year. Several charters have been granted by the legislature for works of internal improvement, but it is doubtful whetlier any of them will soon be undertaken. Several short canals have been con- structed for the improvement of the navigation of Connecticut river. The first settlement of the state was at Fort Dummer, in the s. E. part of the state, by settlers from Massachusett-s. New Hampshire claimed the territory from 1741 to 1761, and granted many townships in the state to proprietors. New York also claimed the territory, and obtained a grant of it from the British Parliament in 1764. These conflicting claims produced great diffi- culties. When the revolutionary war commenced. Congress dared not admit Vermont to the con- federacy, for fear of offending New Hampshire and New York. But the inhabitants were de- termined to be independcTit, and the British hoped to be able to detach them from the American cause. Vermont had a difficult part to act. But her wise leaders outwitted the Britii^h, by cherishing their hopes, and thus saving themselves from attack ; and gave the most demonstrative proof of their exalted courage, and their devoted patriotism. In 1790, New York was induced, by the payment of $30,000, to withdraw its claims; and in 1791, Vermont was admitted into the Union. VER 681 VER Vermont, p-o;, Gerry t., Cliautauque co., N. Y.^ 335 w. by s. Albany, 325 W. Vermont, p-v., Fulton co.. 111. Vermont, p-v., Cooper*o., Mo. Vermontville, p-v., Eaton co., Mich. Situ- ated on the N. side of Thorn Apple r. It consists of a colony of about 40 families of Vermonters, who have taken up about 10,000 acres of land, and are making improvements, with a prospect of raising up a flourishing v. Pop oft. 182. Vernal, p-o., Attica t., Wyoming co., N. Y., 852 w. Albany, 370 W. Vernon, pt., Windham co., Vt., 128 s. Mont- pelier, 418 W. Bounded e. by Connecticut r., by small tributaries of which it is watered. The surface is mountainous and rough ; soil, general- ly indiflerent, but in some parts fertile. White Lilly, a pond, covers 100 acres. Slate is found in its w. parts. It was one of the earliest settled places in the state, and called Hinsdale, until 1802. It has 1 store, cap. $4,000 ; 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in munufac. $3,200. 8 sch. 231 scholars. Pop. 705. Vernon, p-t., Tolland co., Ct., 12 e. n. e. Hart- ford, 348 W. The surface is uneven; soil, gravelly loam, and moderately fertile. Watered ny Hockanum r., flowing from Snipsiek pond at its N. E. comer, whicli affords water power. The V. contains 1 Congregational and 1 Baptist church. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $15,500; 10 fulling m., 10 woollen fac, 4 cotton fac. 5,104 sp., 1 tannery, 1 paper fac, 2 grist m., 3 saw m., 2 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $368,165. 8 sch. 322 scholars. Pop. 1,480- Vernon, p-t., Oneida co., N . Y., 16 w. Utica, 108 w. N. w. Albany, 371 W. The surface is undu lating; soil, sandy loam and fertile clay. Drain ed by Oneida and Skenarrdoa creeks. The v was incorporated in 1827, and contains 3 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Unitarian — an academy, 4 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw ra., 1 tannery, 100 dwellings, and about 700 inhabitants. In the vicinity, on Skenandoa cr., is a large glass fac. There are in the t. 13 stores, cap. $66,500 ; 3 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 disti" lery, 2 glass houses, 1 printing oflice, 1 weekly newspaper, 4 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $93,300. 2 acad. I7 schools. Pop. 3,043. Vernon, p-t., Sussex co., N. J.. 92 n. by e. Trenton, 260 W. The surface is covered with mountains, rising in the e. to the height of l,00t) feet. Drained by Warwick cr. and its tributa- ries, Pacack cr. a branch of Pequainiock cr., and small branches of Wallkill r. Tlie v. is situated in a valley between 2 mountain ridges, and con- tains 1 store, and 12 or 15 dwellings. Hamburg V. is in its s. w. angle. There are in the t. 2 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 2 forges, 4 distilleries, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,210. 12 sch. 371 scholars. Pop. 2,3'J5. Vernon, t., Crawford co.. Pa. It has 1 ful- ling m., 1 distillery, 3 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11^70. Pop. 1,240. Vernon, p-v., Kent co., Del., 32 s. s. w. Dover, 116 W. Vernon, p-v., Troup co., Ga., 129 w. Milledge- ville, 747 W. Situated on the w. side of Chatta- hoochee r. It contains a Baptist church, an academy, and about 25 dwellings. Vernon, p-v., Autauga co., Ala., 112 s. e. Tuscaloosa, 852 W. Situated on the n. side of AlabaiTia r., on the e. side of Swift cr., at its en- trance into the r. It has about 200 inhabitants. Veknon, p-v., Hickman co., Tenn., 62 s. w. Nashville, 74G W. Situated on Pine or., and contains a church and several dwellings. Vernon, p-t., Trumbull co., Ohio, 189 n. e. 86 Columbus, 304 W. It has 7 sch. 257 scholStts Pop. 789. Vernon, t., Scioto co., O. Minernl coal and iron ore are abundant. It has I sch. 32 scholars. Pop. 902. Vernon, t., Clinton co., O. It has 4 stores, cap. $8,500 ; 2 tanneries, 3 flouring m., 3 grist m., 4 saw in. Cap. in manufac. $8,562. 8 sch. 590 scholars. Pop. 1,434. Vernon, p-v., Allen co., Ky., 53 s. w. Frank-- fort, 674 W. Vernon, p-v., capital of Jennings co., la., 65 s. E.- Indianapolis, 569 W. Situated on the e. side of Vernon fork of Muscatatack r. It coii- tains an elegant brick court house, a jail, clerk's office, with a valuable library, contributed by the proprietors of the place, 1 church, common to Baptists, Methodists, and Presbyterians, 2 stores, and about 250 inhabitants. Vernon, t., Hancock co., la. Pop. 492. Vernon, t., Washington co., la. It has 6' stores, cap. $9,000 ; 1 cotton fac, 1 sch. 20 schol- ars. Pop. 1,936. Vernon, p-t., Milwaukie co., Wis. It has 1 sch. 17 scholars. Pop. 187. Vernon, p-v., Madison co.. Miss. Situated on the s. E. side of Big Black r. Steamboats ascend to this place a part of the year. It contains about 200 inhabitants. Vernon CJentpvE, p-v., Vernon t., Oneida co.y N. Y., 105 w. N. w. Albany, 375 W. Verona, t., Oneida co., N. Y., 20 w. Utica, 116 w. N. w. Albany. The surface is level, with some swamps ; soil, rich mold, blended with sand. Oneida lake lies on its n. w. bor- der. Drained Ijy Wood cr., which bounds it on the N., receiving small tributaries from the f. The Erie canal passes through the t., from which the Oneida Lake canal here branches off. It has 17 stores, cap. $26,600 ; 1 fulling m., 1 vrooUen fac, 4 tanneries, 1 glass fac, 2 grist m., 20 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $73,000. 24 sch. 1,218 scholars. Pop. 4,504. Verona, p-o., Calhoun co., Mich. Verona, p-v., Boone co., Ky., 53 n Frank- fort, 516 W. Verona, p-v., VanderbiJrg co., la., 182 s. w. Indianapolis, 737 W. Verplank, p-v., Cortland t., Westchester co.,. N. Y., 4 s. Peekskill. Situated on the e. side of Hudrion r., and has a convenient steamboat landing. It contains 2 stores, and 15 or 20' dwellings. Versailles, p-o., Perrysburgh t., Cattaraugus- CO., N. Y., 308 w. by s. Albany, 361 W. Veiisailles, t., Alleghany co.. Pa., 12 s. E. Pittsburg. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam. Youghiogheny r. runs on its s. border, arvd Mo-- nongahela r. on is w. boundary. Drained by Turtle creek and Long run. It contains McKees- port and Perritsport villages. It has 2 sch. 113- scholars. Pop. 1,456. Versailles, p-v., Williamson co., Tenn., 33- s. Nashville, 701 W. Versailles, p-v., capital of Woodford co.y Ky., 12 s. s. e. Frankfort, 534 W. Situated a little s. of the railroad from Lexington to Frank- fort, to which it is connscted by a short branch. It contains a court house, jail, and several stores,, and 1,044 inhabitants. Versailles, p-v., capital of Ripltey co., la., 69 s. E. Indianapolis, 545 W. Situated on the w. side of Laughery cr., and contains a court house, jail, and about 400 inhabitants. The surround- ing country is well cultivated. VERSAILLES, p-v.. Brown CO., III. Situatedl a little N. of McKees cr. VIC 682 VIE Versaillks, p-v., capital of Morgan co., 3Io., 36 w. by s. of Jefferson City, 1,020 W. It con- tains a court house, jail, and about 200 inhabit- ants. Versjiike, p-t., Orange co., Vt., 31 s. e. Mont- pelier, 510 W. Thn surface is uneven, and in Eart stony ; soil, adapted to grazing. Watered y Oin.potnpanoosuc r. Chartered in 1781 ; first settled in 1780. It has 2 stores, cap. sft 1,100; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,300. 16 sch. 436 scholars. Pop. 1,198. Vesper, p-o., Tully t., Onondaga co., N. Y., 135 w. by N. Albany, 332 W. Vest.\l, p-i., Broome co., N. Y., 147 w. s. w. Albany, 2S9 W. Tlie surface is ridgy and broken ; soil, fertile on the flats, otherwise hea- vily timbered. Drained by Choconut cr., aiid other streams flowing into Susquehanna r., which bounds it on the n. The v. contains a few dwell- ings. It has 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 21 saw m., 8 sch. 371 scliolars. Pop. 1,253. Vesuvius Furnace, p-o., Lincoln co., N. C, 162 w. Nashville, 3'!9 W. Veteran, p-t., Chemung co., N. Y., 11 n. E1- mira, 190 w. s. w. Albany. The surface is hilly ; soil, a fertile gravelly and clay loam. Drained by the inlet of Seneca lake, which affords good wa- ter power. It has 5 stores, cap. $32,075 ; 3 tan- neries. Cap. in manufac. $4,000. 7 sch. 403 scholars. Pop. 2,279. Vevay, p-v., capital of Switzerland co., la., 94 s. E. Indianapolis, 544 VV. Situated on the n. e. bank of Ohio r. Settled by emigrants from Switzerland, and contains a court house of brick, a jail, 7 stores, a printing oflice, 200 dwellings, many of tiiem of brick, and about 1,200 inhabit- ants. The site is one of the most pleasant on Ohio r. The vine has been extensively and successfully cultivated in this place and the vi- cinity. Vevav, p-t., Ingham co., Mich. The court house of the co. is in the n. e. part of the t. It has 4 sch. 82 scholars. Pop. 223. Vicarage, p-o., Randolph co., N. C, 61 w. Raleigh, 347 W. VicKSBURG. city, and capital of Warren co.. Miss., 41 w. by n. Jackson, 1,051 W. Situated on the E. side of Mississippi r., 400 miles above New Orleans, and though of recent origin, it has become a lar^e and flourishing place. It con- tains a court house, jail, 4 churches — 1 Presby- terian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist, and 1 Roman Cailiolic — 3 academies, 2 male and 1 female, 50 wholesale grocery and commission stores, 50 re- tail drygoods stores, a printing office, and 3,104 inhabitants. A number of boats are always ly- ing in the harbor, and a great quantity of cotton is .shipped here. The town is situated on the shelving declivity of high hills, and the houses are scalierod in groups on the terraces. It is just below the Walnut Hills. The country around is very fertile. Steamboats regularly ply between this place and New Orleans. A railroad extends from Vicksburg to Brandon, through Jackson. VicKsvii.i.E, po., Southampton co., Va., 64 s. by E. Richmond, 183 W. VicKsvii.LE, p-o., Nash co., N. C. Victor, pt., Ontario co., N. Y., 12 n.w. Can- andaigua, 2u3 Albany. The surface is uneven ; soil, sandy and clay loam. Drained by Mud cr. The v. is situated near the line of the Auburn and Rochester railroad, and contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Methodist, and 1 Universal- ist — 3 stores, 40 dwellings, and about 300 in- habitants. It has 3 stores, cap. $15,000 ; 2 full- ing m., 2 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 3 flouring m., 4 grist m.. 6 saw m. Cap. in maiui- fac. $140,940. 1 acad. 25 students, 12 sch. 671 scholars. Pop. 2,393. Victoria, p-o., Kr»x co.. III. Victoria, p-v., Bolivar co., Miss., 125 n. Jack- son. Situated on the e. bank of Mississippi r. Victory, t., Essex co., Vt., 10 n. w. Guildhall. Watered by Moose r. Chartered in 1781, but has been but little settled. It has 1 saw in., 2 sch. 30 scholars. Pop. 140. Victory, p-t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 20 n. Au- burn, 169 w. by N. Albany, 352 W. The sur- face is undulating ; soil, sandy and gravelly loam. Drained by Sodus cr. The v. contains 2 stores, 40 dwellmgs, and about 200 inhabitants. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $14,200 ; 1 full- ing m., 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 6 saw ni. Cap. in manu^iic. !$1,550. 1 acad. 30 students. 18 sch. 856 scholars. Pop. 2,371. ViDALiA, v., capital of Concordia, par.. La. Situated on the w. side of the 3Iississippi r., im- mediately opposite to Natchez. It contains a court house and a few dwellings, built on a street parallel with the r. Vienna, p-t., Kennebec co., Me., 23 n. w. Augusta, 618 W. A branch of Sandy r. bounds it on the w. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Incorporated in 1802. It has 1 saw m., 7 sch. 377 scholars. Pop. 891. Vienna, p-t., Oneida co., N. Y., 3 n. w. Utica, 125 w. by s. Albany. The surface is undula- ting ; soil, generally fertile. Drained by Fish cr., and other streams flowing into O'leida lake, which bounds it in part on the s. Tlie v. is situ- ated near the n. e. corner of Oneida lake. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. $30,(X)0 ; 1 lum- ber yard, cap. $14,000; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,950. 22 sch. 822 scholars. Pop. 2,530. Vienna, v., Phelps t., Ontario co., N. Y. Situ- ated on the outlet of Canandaigua lake, at the junction of Flint cr., and contains 3 churches — 2 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist — 1 female semi- nary, 9 stores, 6 flouring ni., 4 plaster m., 3 saw m., 2 edge tool fac, 2 clothiers' works, 1 furnace, 2 distilleries, 200 dwellings, and about 1,400 in- habitants. The Auburn and Rochester railroad passes through the place. Vienna, p-v., Dorchester co., Md., 79 s. e. Annapolis. Situated on the w. side of Nanti- coke r., which is navigable to this place for sea vessels. It contains 1 Episcopal and 1 Metho- dist church, and 20 or 30 dwellings. It has con- siderable navigation, and is a port of entry. Tonnage 1840, 15,534. Vienna, p-v., Stokes co., N. C, 123 w. by N. Raleigh, 331 W. Vienna, p-v., Pickens co., Ala., 50 Tus- caloosa, 868 W. Situated on the e. side of Tom- bigbee r., just above the entrance ef Sipsey r., and contains 1 store and about 150 inhabitants. Vienna, p-v., capital of Dooly co., Ga., 85 s. s. w. Milledgeville, 742 W. Situated on Indian cr., and contains a court house, jail, and about 10 dwellings. Vienna, p-t., Trumbull co., O., 178 n. e. Co- lumbus, 298 W. It has 12 sch. 640 scholars. Pop. 969. Vienna, p-v., Macomb co., Mich. Vienna, t., Genesee co., Mich. Pop. 212. Vienna, p-v., Scott co., la., 85 s. Indianapolis, .585 W. It contains a store and about 60 in- habitants. Vienna, p-v., capital of Johnson co., 111. Sit- uated on the E. fork of Cash r., and contains a court house, jail, 3 stores, and about 30 dwellings. VIR 683 VIR Vienna Cross Roads, p-c, Harmony t., Clarke CO., O. Vigo, county, la. Situated in the w. toward the s. part of the state, and contains 400 sq. ms. The suri'ace is level or gently undulating, with a due proportion of forest and prairie ; soil, very fertile. Drained by Wabash r., which is navi- gable, and by Spring, Coal, Olter, Lost, Sugar, Clear, and Honey creeks. The Wabash and Erie canal terminates at Terre Haute. Capital, Terre Haute. There were in 1840, neat cattle ri,0S6, sheep 8,541, swine 31,730; wheat 17,654 bush, produced, Ind. corn 718,485, buckwheat 2,268, oats 104,683, potatoes 33,706, sugar 10,117 pounds; 5 commission houses, cap. $42,400; 51 stores, cap. $214,675; 1 furnace, 4 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 1 brewery, 2 flouring m., 9 grist m., 18 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in inanufac. $70,444. 29 sch. 1,307 scholars. Pop. 12,076. Village Green, p-v., Ashton t., Delaware CO., Pa., 89 e. Harrisburg, 123 W. It contains a Methodist church and 6 or 8 dwellings. Village Springs, p-o., Blount co., Ala., 81 n. E. Tuscaloosa. ViLLANOVA, p-t., Chautauque co., N. Y., 22 n. E. Mayville, 323 w. by s. Albany, 346 W. The surface is hilly and broken ; soil, clay and loam, well adapted to grass. Drained by Connewango cr. and its tributaries. It has 2 stores, capital $2,000 ; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in raanufac. $8,253. 13 sch. 585 scho- lars. Pop. 1,655. Villa Rica, p-o., Carroll co., Ga., 178 n. w. by vv. Milledgeville. Vinalhaven, p-t., Waldo co.. Me., 12 s. e. Camden. The t. consists of the Fox islands, at the niouih of Penobscot bay. There are 3 prin- cipal islands, besides several small islands near them. They contain good harbors, and are well situated for navigation, and particularly the fish- eries. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain and to grazing. It has 7 stores, cap. $16,000; 1 tan- nery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufiic. $2,8t»0. 13 sch. 766 scholars. Pop. 1,950. ViNCENNES, p-v., capital of Knox co., la., 118 Indianapolis, 683 W. Situated on the e. bank of Wabash r., 100 ms. above its entrance into the Ohio, with a fine prairie of several thousand acres, on the N. E. and s. It is the oldest town in the state, having been established by the PVench in 1730 as a trading post. It contains a brick court house, a county jail, a seminary, a female semi- nary, a library of over 1,500 vols., a U. S. land office, 3 churches of brick, 22 stores, numerous mechanic shops, 1 wind m., 2 cotton fac, 2 print- ing offices, issuing 2 weekly newspapers, 350 dwellings, and about 2,000 inhabitants, one fifth of whom are French. The v. extends over half a m. along the river bank, and has wide streets, crossing each other at right angles. The r. is navigable to this place for steamboats. The r., opposite the v., is 230 yards wide. Vincent, p-t., C hester co., Pa., 30 n. w. Phil- adelphia, 73 s. e. Harrisburg, 153 W. The sur- face is hilly ; soil, sandy loam. Drained by Stony, French, and Riding creeks. Schuylkill r. runs on its n. e. border. Pop. 2,426. (See E. and W. Vincent.) Vincenton, p-v., Northampton t., Burlington CO., N. J., 26 s. Trenton, 160 W. Situated on the s. branch of Rancocus cr., at the junction of Stop- the-.Tade cr., and contains 2 churches — 1 free to all denominations and 1 Friends — 4 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., and about 40 dwellings. Vineyard, p-t., Grand Isle co., Vt., 78 N. w. Montpelier, 551 W. It consists of Isle La Motle or Vineyard, in Lake Champlain. It was char- tered by the former name in 1799, and received its present name in 1802. First settled in 1785. It contains 4,620 acres. The soil is generally fertile, and a marsh across the island affords ex- cellent cedar. Good building and lime stone are found. It has 1 store, cap. $1,500. Pop. 435. Vineyard, t., Washington co.. Ark. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 2 flouring m., 6 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $29,160. 1 acad. 40 students, 1 sch. 33 scho- lars. Pop. 837. Vineyard Mills, p-o., Huntingdon co.. Pa., 87 w. Harrisburg, 135 W. Viney Fork, p-o., Madison co., Ky., 56 s. e. Frankfort, 546 W Vinton, p-v., Huntingdon t., Gallia co., O., 92 s. by E. Columbus, 367 W. Situated on the w. side of Big Racoon cr., 20 ms. from its entrance into Ohio r., and contains an academy, 3 stores, 2 grist and saw m., and about 75 inhabitants. Mineral coal and iron ore are abundant in the vicinity. Vinton, t., Athens co., O. Drained by Ra- coon cr. It has 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,700. 1 sch. 28 scholars. Pop. 227. Violet, t., Fairfield co., O. Pop. 2,378. Virgil, p-t., Cortland co., N. Y., 149 Albany, 308 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, fertile sandy and clay loam. Drained by East Owego cr. and Toughnioga r. The v. contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — 3 stores, 1 tannery, 40 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $19,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 forge, 2 tanneries^, 2 grisS m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,730 ; 35 sch. 1,515 scholars. Pop. 4,502. VIRGINIA. Virginia, the northernmost of the southern United States, is bounded n. by Pennsylvania and Maryland, from which it is separated by the Potomac ; e. by the Atlantic ; s. by North Carolina and Tennessee ; w. by Kentucky ; and n. w. by Ohio. It lies between 35° 33' and 40° 43' n. lat., and between 75° 25' and 83° 40' w. long. ; and between 6° 34' w., and P 20' e. long, from W. It is 370 miles long, and 200 broad at its greatest width, containing 64,000 sq. miles, or 40,960,000 acres. The population in 1790, was 747,610; in 1800,886,149; in 1810,974,622; in 1820, 1,065,366; in 1830, 1,211,272; in 1840, 1,239,797, of which 448,987 were slaves. Of the free white population 371,223 were white males ; 369,745 do. females; 23,814 were colored males; 26,020 do. females. Employed in agriculture, 318,771 ; in commerce, 6,361 ; in manufactures and trades, 54,147; navi- gating the ocean, 5S2 ; do. canals, rivers, and lakes, 2,952 ; learned professions, &c., 3,866. Tills state is divided into 119 counties, and two districts. Eastern and Western. The following are the counties of the Eastern District, with their population in 1840, and their capitals. Acco- MAC, 17,096, Accomac C. H. ; Albemarle, 22,924, Charlottesville ; Amelia, 10,320, Amelia VIR 684 VIR C. H,; Amherst, 12,576, Amherst C. H. ; Bedford, 20,203, Liberty; Brunswick, 14,346, Law- renceville ; Buckingham, 18,786, Buckingham C. 11. ; Campbell, 21,030, Campbell C. H. ; Car- oline, 17,813, Bowling Green ; Charles City, 4,774, Charles City C. H. ; Charlotte, 14,595, Charlotte C. H. ; Chesterfield, 17,148, Chesterfield C. H.; Culpepper, 11,393, Culpepper C. H. ; Cumberland, 10,399, Cumberland C. H. ; Dinvviddie, 22,558, Dinwiddie C. H. ; Elizabeth CiTy, 3,706, Hampton; Essex, 11,309, Tappahannock; Fairfax, 9,370, Fairfax C. H.; Fauquier, 81,897, Warrenton ; Fluvanna, 8,812, Palmyra; Franklin, 15,832, Rocky Mount ; Gloucester, J0,715, Gloucester C. H. ; Goochland, 9,700, Goochland C. H. ; Greensville, 6,366, Hicksford; Greene, 4,232, Stannardsville ; Halifax, 25,936, Halifax C. H.; Hanover, 14,968, Hanover C. H. ; Henrico, 33,076, Riclimond ; Henry, 7,335, Martinsville ; Isle of Wight, 9,972, Smith- field ; James City, 3,779, Williamsburg ; King George, 5,927, King George C. H. ; King Wil- liam, 9,258, King William C. H. ; King and Queen, 10,862, King and Queen C. H. ; Lancas- ter, 4,62S, Lancaster C. H. ; Loudoun, 20,431, Leesburg ; Louisa, 15,433, Louisa C. H. ; Lunen- burg, 11,055, Lunenburg C. H. ; Madison, 8,107, Madison ; Matthews, 7,442, Matthews C. H. ; Mecklenburg, 20,724, Boyd ton ; Middlesex, 4,392, Urbanna; Nansemond, 10,795, Suffolk; JNelson, 12,287, Livingston; New Kent, 6,230, New Kent C. H. ; Norfolk, 27,569, Norfolk; Northampton, 7,715, Eastville ; Northumberland, 7,924, Northumberland C. H. ; Nottoway, 9,719, Nottoway C. H. ; Orange, 9,125, Orange C. H. ; Patrick, 8,032, Patrick C. H. ; Pittsyl- vania, 26,398, Pittsylvania C. H. ; Powhatan, 7,924, Scottsville ; Princess Anne, 7,285, Prin- cess Anne C. H. ; Prince Edward, 14,069, Prince Edward C. H. ; Prince George, 7,173, City Point; Prince William, 8,144, Brentsville ; Rappahannock, 9,257, Washington; Richmond, 5,965, Richmond C. H. ; Southampton, 14.525, Jerusalem; Spotsylvania, 15,161, Spotsylvania C. H.; Stafford, 8,454, Falmouth; Surry, 6,480, Surry C. H. ; Sussex, 11,229, Sussex C. H. ; Warwick, 1,456, Warwick C. II. ; Westmoreland, 8,019, Westmoreland C. H. ; York, 4,720, Yorktown :— 369,398 whites, 42,294 free colored, 393,250 slaves : total, 806,942. Western District-^ Alleghany, 2,749, Covington ; Augusta, 19,628, Staunton ; Bath, 4,300, Bath ; Berkley, 10,972, Martinsburg; Botetourt, 11,679, Fincastle ; Braxton, 2,575, Braxton C. H. ; Brooke, 7,948, Wellsburg; Cabell, 8,163, Cabell C. H. ; Clarke, 6,353, Berryville ; Fayette, 3,924, Fayette- ville; Floyd, 4,453, Floyd C. H.; Frederick, 14,242, Winchester; Giles, 5,307, Giles C. H. ; Grayson, 9,087, Greensville; Greenbrier, 8,695, Lewisburg; Hampshire, 12,295 Romney; Hardy, 7,622, Moorcfiehl ; Harrison, 17,669, Clarksburg; Jackson, 4,890, Ripley; Jefferson, 14,032, Charlestown ; Kanawha, 13,567, Charleston ; Lee, 8,441, Jonesville ; Lewis, 8,151, Wes- ton ; Logan, 4,30'J, Logan C. H. ; Marshall, 6,937, Elizabethtown ; Mason, 6,777, Point Plea- sant; Mercer, 2,233, Princeton; Monongalia, 17,368, Morgantown; Monroe, 8,422, Union; Montgomery, 7,403, Christiansburg; Morgan, 4,253, Berkley Springs; Nicholas, 2,515, Sum- raersville; Ohio, 13,337, Wheeling; Page, 6,194, Surry; Pendleton, 6,940, Franklin; Poca- hontas, 2,922, Huntersville ; Preston, 6,866, King wood ; Pulaski, 3,739, Newbern ; Randolph, 6,203, Beverly; Roanoke, 5,499, Salem; Rockbridge, 14,284, Lexington; Rockingham, 17,344, Harrisonburg; Russell, 7,878, Lebanon ; Scott, 7,303, Estiuville ; Shenandoah, 11,618, Wood- stock; Sm Y the, 6,522, Marif)n ; Tazewell, 6,290, Jeffersonville ; Tyler, 6,954, Middlebourne ; Warren, 5,627, Front Royal; Washington, 13,001, Abingdon; Wood, 7,923, Parkersburg ; Wythe, 9,375, Wytheville, Western District, whites 371,570, free colored 7,548, slaves 53,737 ; total, 432,855. Richmond is the capital of the state, situated on the n. side of James river, at the head of tide- water, and just below its lower falls. Tills state has a great variety of surface and soil. From the Atlantic to the lower falls on the rivers, which includes a tract of from 110 to 130 miles in width, the country is low and flat, in some places marshy, but extensively sandy, covered with the pitch pine. On the margin of the rivers, tlie soil is often rich. This is denominated the low country, and is unhealthy from August to October. Between the head of tidewater and the Blue Ridge, the country becomes uneven and hilly, and more so as it approaches the mountains. The soil in this region is some of it sandy and poor ; s^me of it is fertile, particularly on the margins of the rivers. Toward the mountains the country is stony and broken, though the soil is often rich. The first ridge of mountains in this state is generally about 130 miles from the ocean. Beyond this the country is mountainous, trav- ersed by successive ridges of the Alleghany, which occupies a greater breadth of country in Vir- ginia than in any other state. Between the various ridges, however, there are long valleys or table land, parallel witli them, often of considerable breadth, and containing some of the best and most pleasant land in Virginia. The farms are here smaller than in other parts of the state, better culti- vated, and there are fewer slaves. The climate in this region is very healthy. The soil in the tidewater country is generally poor, producing Indian com, oats, and peas. Wheat is raised in some parts of it, and a little rice in the swamps in its southern part. Between tidewater and the mountains is the tobacco country ; but in the northern upland counties wheat has extensively superseded tobacco ; and south of James river, sufficient cotton is raised for homo VIR 685 VIR consumption. The southeastern counties produce apples and peaches in great abundance. Among the mountains, the farmers raise large numbers of cattle and hogs. Indian corn is cultivated throughout the state. The country west of the mountains toward the Ohio, is rough and wild — sometimes, but not generally fertile ; but very rich as a mineral region. There were in this slate in 1840, 326,433 horses and mules; 1,021,148 neat cattle ; 1,293,772 sheep; 1,992,155 swine ; poultry to the value of $754,698. There were produced 10,109,716 bush- els of wheat; 87,430 of barley ; 13,451,062 of oats ; 1,482,799 of rye; 243,822 of buckwheat; 34,577,591 of Indian corn; 2,538,374 pounds of wool ; 10,597 of hops ; 65,020 of wax ; 2,944,660 bushels of potatoes ; 364,708 tons of hay ; 25,594 of hemp and flax ; 75,347,106 pounds of tobacco ; 2,956 of rice ; 3,494,483 of cotton ; 3,191 of silk cocoons ; 1,541,S33 of sugar. The products of the dairy were valued at $1,430,488 ; of the orchard $705,765; value of lumber produced $533,092 ; 13,911 gallons of wine were made. The mineral wealth of Virginia is very great. Gold, copper, lead, iron, coal, salt, limestone, and marble are found, together with a number of valuable mineral springs. An attention to the business of mining has recently been excited, and in 1840, 2,000 persons were employed in it. The belt of country in which gold is found, extends through Spotsylvania county and the adjacent country, and in a s. w. direction, passes into North and South Carolina, Georgia, and Alabama. The gold in this state is not sufficiently concentrated to render it profitable, excepting in a few places, to engage in mining it. The coal fields in Virginia are very extensive, and afford both the bituminous and the anthracite. Large quantities have been obtained and exported from the vicinity of Richmond. Salt springs have been found in various places, and salt has been exten- sively manufactured on the Great Kanawha river, near Charleston. The warm springs, at Bath, the hot springs, a few miles distant, tjie sulphur springs, in Greenbrier and Montgomery counties, and the sweet springs, of Botetourt county, are much resorted to by those in pursuit of health and of pleasure. The natural bridge, in Rockbridge county, and Weyer's cave, in Augusta county, are great curiosities. The staple productions of the state are wheat and tobacco The Potomac river separates this state from Maryland. James river is the largest wliich belongs to this state. It is 500 miles in length, and flows from the mountains in the interior, behind the Blue Ridge, through which it passes. It is navigable for sloops 120 miles, and for boats much fur- ther, and enters into Chesapeake bay. The Appomattox is 130 miles long, and enters James river 100 miles above Hampton roads, and is navigable 12 miles, to Petersburg. The Rappahannock rises in the Blue Ridge, is 130 miles long, is navigable 110 miles for sloops, and enters into the Chesapeake. York river enters the Chesapeake 30 miles below the Rappahannock, and is naviga- ble 40 miles for ships. The Shenandoah enters the Potomac just before its passage through the Blue Ridge. Of the rivers w. of the mountains, the Great Kanawha rises in North Carolina, passes through this state and enters the Ohio. The Little Kanawha also enters mto the Ohio. The Mo- nongahela rises in this state, though it runs chiefly in Pennsylvania. The lower part of Chesapeake bay lies wholly in this state, is 15 miles wide at its mouth, and enters the Atlantic between Cape Charles and Cape Henry. Norfolk, 8 miles from Hampton roads, has a fine harbor, much the best in the stale, spacious, safe, and well defended ; and it is the most commercial place in Virginia : but Richmond and Petersburg are more populous, and have an extensive trade. Besides these, Wheeling, Lynchburg, Fredericksburg, and Winchester, are principal places. The exports of this state in 1840, amounted to $4,778,220 ; and the imports to $545,685. There were 31 commercial and 64 commission houses engaged in foreign trade, with a capital of $4,299,500; 2,736 retail drygoods and other stores, with a capital of $16,684,413; 1,454 persons employed ia the lumber trade, with a capital of $113,210 ; 931 persons engaged in internal transportation, who,, with 103 butchers, packers, &c., employed a capital of $100,630 ; 556 persons employed in the fish- eries, with a capital of $23,333. The manufactures of Virginia are not so extensive as those of some states inferior to it in terri- tory and population. There were in 1840, domestic or family manufactures to the amount of $2,441,672 ; 41 woollen manufactories and 47 fulling mills, employing 222 persons, producing arti- cles to the amount of $147,792, with a capital of $112,350; 22 cotton manufactories, with 42,26'i spindles, employing 1,816 persons, producing articles to the amount of $446,063, with a capital of $1,299,020 ; 42 furnaces producing 18,810 tons of cast-iron, and 52 forges, &c., producing 5,836 tons of bar-iron, the whole employing 1,742 persons, and a capital of $1,246,650; 11 smelting houses employed 131 persons, and produced gold to the amount of $51,758, employing a capital of $103,650 ; 5 smelting houses employed 73 persons, and produced 878,648 pounds of lead, employing a capital of ,$21,500; 12 paper manufactories, producing articles to the amount of $216,345, and other paper manufactories producing $1,260, the whole employing 181 persons, and a capital of $237,750; 3,342 persons manufactured tobacco to the amount of $2,406,6'!'l, employing a capital of $1,526,080 ; VIR 686 VIR hats and caps were manufactured to the amount of $153,778, and straw bonnets to the amount of $14,700, the whole employing 310 persons, and a capital of $85,610; 6(50 tanneries employed 1,422 persons, and a capital of .$838,141 ; 982 other leather manufactories, as saddleries, &c., produced uriicles to the amount of $826,597, and employed a capilal of $341,957 ; 4 glass-houses, and 2 glass- cutting establishments employed 164 persons, producing articles to the value of $146,500, with a capital of $132,000 ; 33 potteries employed 64 persons, producing articles to the amount of $31,330, with a capital of $10,225; 36 persons produced drugs, paints, &c., to the amount of $66,633, with a capital of $61,727; 415 persons produced machinery to the amount of $42'J,85S ; 150 persons produced hardware and cutlery to the amount of $50,504 ; 262 persons mannlactured 9,330 small- arms ; 40 persons manufactured granite and marble to the amount of $16,652; 1,004 persons pro- duced bricks and lime to the amount of $393,253 ; carriages and wagons were manufactured to the amount of §647,815, employing 1,592 persons, and a capilal of $31 1,625 ; 1,454 distilleries produced 865,725 gallons, and 5 breweries produced 32,960 gallons, employing 1,631 persons, and a capital of $187,212; 764 llouriiig mills produced 1,041,526 barrels of flour, and with other mills employed 3,964 persons, producnig articles to the amount of $7,855,499, with a capital of $5,184,669 ; ships were built to the amount of $136,807; 675 persons manufactured furniture to the amount of $289,391 ; 402 brick or stone, and 2,604 wooden houses were built, employing 4,694 persons, and cost $1,367,393; 50 printing offices, and 13 binderies, 4 daily, 12 semi-weekly, and 35 weekly newspapers, and 5 periodicals, employed 310 persons, and a capital of $168,850. The whole amount of capital employed in manufactures in the state was $11,360,861. William and Mary College, at Williamsburg, is the oldest in the state, and one of the oldest in the country, and was founded in 1691. Hampden Sidney C(jllege, in Prince Edward county, was founded in 1783, and is flourishing. Washington College, at Lexington, was founded in 1812. Randolph Macon College, was Ibunded at Boydton in 1832. There are theological schools at Richmond, in Prince Edward county, and in Fairfax county. But the most important literary institution ia the state, is the University of Virginia, at Charlottesville, founded in 1819. Its plan is extensive, its endowment has been munificent, and it is a prosperous institution. In all these, with a few smaller institutions, there were in 1840, 1,097 students ; there were in the state, also, 3H2 acade- mies, with 11,033 students ; 1,561 common and primary schools, with 35,331 scholars; and 53,787 white persons over 20 years of age who could neither read nor write. The Baptists, the most numerous religions denomination, have about 437 churches ; the Presby- terians 120; the Episcopalians, 65 ministers; the Methodists 170. There are also a few Luther- ans, Catholics, Unitarians, Friends, and Jews. In January, 1840, there were in this state 8 banks and branches, with a capital of $3,637,400, and a circulation of $2,513,412. At the close of the same year the public debt amounted to $6,857,161. There is a state penitentiary located at Richmond. The first constitution of Virginia was formed in 1776. This was altered and amended by a con- vention assembled for that purpose, in 1830. The executive power is vested in a governor, elected by the joint vote of the two houses of the general assembly. He is chosen for three years, but is ineligible for the next three. There is a council of state, elected in like manner for three years, the seat of one being vacated every year. The senior councillor is lieutenant-governor. The senators can never be more than 36, and the delegates than 150; and both are apportioned anew among the counties every 10 years, commencing with 1841. The senators are elected for 4 years, and the seats of one fourth of them are vacated every year. The delegates are chosen annually. All appointments to any office of trust, honor, or profit, by the legislature, are given openly, or viva voce, and not by ballot. The judges of the supreme court of appeals, and of the superior courts, are elected by the joint vote of both houses of the general assembly, and hold their offices during good behavior, or until removed by a joint vote of two thirds of the legislature. The right of suflfragc is extended to every resident white male citizen of 21 years of age, enti- tled to vole by the former constitution ; or who owns a freehold valued at .$25 ; or a joint interest in a freehold to that amount ; or who has a life estate, or a reversionary title to land valued at $50, having been so possessed for 6 months ; or who shall own, or be in occupaticm of, a leasehold estate, having been recorded 2 months, for a term not less than 5 years, to the annual value or rent of $200; or who for 12 months shall have been a housekeeper and head of a family, and paid the taxes assessed by the commonwealth. Virginia has undertaken several important W'Orks of internal improvement, by chartering private companies, several of which have been liberally aided by the state. The Dismal Swamp canal connects Chesapeake bay with Albemarle soimd, extending from Deep creek to Joyce's creek, 23 miles, at a cost of $379,864. It has branches of 11 miles. The Alexandria canal extends 7? ms., from Georgetown to Alexandria. The James River and Kanawha canal extends 175 miles, from Richmond to Buchanan. The Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Potomac railroad extends 75 miles, to Aquia creek. Louisa branch, 25 miles from Richmond, proceeds 49 miles, to Gordonsville. WAB 687 WAB Richmond and Petersburg railroad, from Richmond, extends 23 miles, to Petersburg. Petersburg and Roanoke railroad extends from Petersburg, 59 miles, to Weldon. Greensville railroad extends from near Hicks, for 18 miles, to Gaston, N. C. City Point railroad extends from Petersburg, 12 miles, to City Point. Chesterfield railroad extends from Coal Mines, 13i miles, to Richmond. Portsmouth and Roanoke railroad extends from Portsmouth, 8 miles, to Weldon, N. C. Winchester and Potomac railroad extends from Harper's Ferry, 3i miles, to Winchester. Virginia is sometimes denominated the Ancient Dominion, having been settled in April, 1607, at Jamestown, on James river, wh'ch was the first white settlement in the United States. It was named Virginia, in honor of Queen Elizabeth, by Sir Walter Raleigh, to whom she granted the country. He attempted a settlement of it, which failed. The grant was vacated by the execution and attainder of that nobleman, under James I. The country was then granted to two companies, the London company and the Plymouth company, and called South and North Virginia. By the Ibrmer the country was settled, and Jamestown was named in honor of their royal patron. This Country suffered many disasters arising from the turbulence of its citizens, the wars with the In- dians, and the tyranny of the royal governors. Virginia was a very loyal province, and was at- tached to the royal party in the revolution of 1633 ; and was among the first to proclaim Charles II., at the restoration. The Church of England was established by law, in 1652. Virginia had the high honor, in 1732, of being the birth-place of George Washington, and it was as an officer of her colonial militia that he commenced his career of military glory. This state was among the first to resist the aggressions of the mother country, and her sages and her yeomen bore a distin- guished Dart in the struggles of the revolution. Her Patrick Henry, as a revolutionary orator, her Washington, as the greatest and the best in the field and in the cabinet, and her Jefferson. Mad- ison, and Monroe, as presidents of th^ United States, and her Marshall, as chief-justice, have con- ferred distinguished honor on their country. In convention, June 23tii, 1783, the constitution of the United States was adopted — yeas 83, nays 79 ; majority, 10. It will be found that the constitution was adopted with most difficulty where the spirit of freedom was the most jealous. Virginia, p-v., capital of Cass co., 111., 36 w. Springfield, SOO W. It contains a court house, jail, 2 sch. 73 scholars, and 254 inhabitants. Virginia, t., Coshocton co., O. It has 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Pop. 1,105. Virginia Mills, p-o., Buckingham co., Va., 69 Richmond, 143 W. Virginia Mines, p-o., Franklin co., Mo. ViRGiNsviLLE, p-v., Berks co., Pa., 6S e. Har- rishurg, 160 W. ViscHEiis Ferrv, p-o., Clifton Park t., Sara- toga CO., N. Y., 17 Albany, 337 W. Vista, p-o., Lewisborough t., Westchester co., N. Y., 119 s. Albany, 276 W. VoLiNiA, p-t., Cass CO., 3Iich. The soil is very fertile, well adapted to grain, having pro- duced in a year over 40 busliels of wheat and Indian corn to each man, woman, and child in tlie t. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,000. 3 sch. 88 scholars. Pop. 411. VoLNEY, p-t., Oswego CO., N. Y., 152 Albany, 373 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, sandy loam, well adapted to grass. Drained by Big Black cr., flowing into Oswego r., which bounds it on the w. It has 7 stores, cap. $11,200 ; 1 tan- nery, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,000 ; 1 acad. 147 students, 18 sch. 939 scho- lars. Pop. 3,155. VoLUNTOWN, p-t., Windham co., Ct., 56 Hart- ford, 374 W. The surface is uneven, with some plains ; soil, a light sandy and gravelly loam. Drained by Pachaug r. and a branch of Wood r It contains 1 Congregational and 1 Baptist church. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,500; 2 cotton fac. 2,760 sp., 9 sch. 378 scholars. Pop. 1,185. Volusia, p-o., Westfield t., Chautauque co., N. Y., 343 w. by s. Albany, 351 W. Volusia, v., Leigh Read co., Flor. Situated on the N. E. side of St. John's r., 6 ms. above Lake George. It is a military post, and has long been occupied as a plantation. The soil is fertile shell loam, rising into considerable eminences. A road is open from this place to Tampa Bay. Wabash, r., la., rises in Darke co., O., and flowing into la., pursues a n. w. course to Hun- tington CO., where it approaches the junction of St. Joseph's r. with the St. Mary's to form Mau- raee r., receiving Little r. from the n. e. at this point. It then crosses the state in a w. and s. w. direction, receivins; on the s. side Salamanic and Missisinewa rivers, and on tlie n. side Eel and Tippecanoe rivers; and a little below Terre Haute it becomes the boundary between la. and 111. to its entrance into the Ohio, 127 miles above the Mississippi, and 68 miles above the mouth of Cumberland r. It is the largest tributary of the Ohio on tiie n. side, and probably tlie second in its whole course. It is navigable for steamboats to La Fayette, and, by means of the Wabash and Erie canal, con.nects Lake Erie with the Ohio r. Wabash, county, la. Situated centrally in the N. part of the stale, and contains 415 sq. ras. Watered by Wabash, Eel, and Salamanic rivers. The surface and the soil are various. Organized in 1832. Capital, Wabash. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,775, sheep 1,065. swine 9,463 ; wheat 8,705 bushels produced, Indian corn 75,641, oats 9,556, potatoes 14,3J7, sugar 20,190; 11 stores, capital $26,190 ; 4 tanneries, 6 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,300. 2 schools 45 scholars. Pop. 2,756. Wabash, county. III. Situated toward the s. E. part of the state, and contains 180 square ras. Wabash r. runs on its E. and s. border, and Bon Pas cr. on its w. border. Drained by Crawfish, Jordan, and Coffee creeks. The soil is generally fertile. Organized from Edwards co., in 1824. Capital, Mount Carmel. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,570, sheep 3,602, swine 10,392; wheat 19,156 bush, produced, Ind. corn 166,659, barley 1,394, oats 51,002, potatoes 12,533, tobacco WAG 688 WAL 9,978 pounds, sugar 2,295 ; 1 1 stores, cap. $50,900 ; 6 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 5 grist m., 8 saw m., 1 oil ni., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manui'ac. $55,200. 2acad. 32 students, 2 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 4,240. Wabash, p-v., capital of Wabash co., la., 93 N. by E. Indianapolis, 582 W. Situated on the n. side of Wabash r. It contains a court house, jail, And about 125 inhabitants. Wabash, t., Adams co., la. Pop. 206. Wabash, t., Fountain co., la. It has 170 schol- ai-s in schools. Pop. 1,135. Wabash, t., Gibson co., la. Pop. 331. Wabash, t., Tippecanoe co., la. It has 3 sch. 85 scholars. Pop. 1,009. Wabash, p-o., Wayne co., III., 155 s. E. Spring- field, 741 W. Wabassee, county, Mich. Situated toward the N. w. part of the peninsula, and contains 576 sq. tns. Drained by Manistee and Grand Traverse rivers. (It is unorganized.) Wableau, t., Henry co., Mo. It has 2 sch. 53 scholars. Pop. 8S6. Waccamaw, p-o., Brunswick co., N. C, 151 s. Raleigh, 436 W. Wachusett, mt., Princeton t., Worcester co., Mass., is an isolated peak in the n. pan of the t., rising 3,000 feet above the level of the sea, and is the highest land in the slate e. of Connecticut t. The view from its summit is extensive, beau tiful, and grand, and it is frequently visited. Wacoochee, p-v., Russell co., Ala., 187 e. s. E. Tuscaloosa, 774 W. Situated n. of Wacoo- chee r. Waconda Creek, t., Carroll co., Mo. It has 1 sch. 26 scholars. Pop. 1,041. Wacousta, p-v., Clinton co., Mich., 101 N. w. Detroit, 604 W. Waddam's Grove, p-t., Stephenson co.. 111., 212 N. Springfield, 844 W. It has 2 sch. 34 schol- ars. Pop. 347. Waddington, p-v., Madrid t., St. Lawrence ■CO., N. Y., 223 N. N. w. Albany, 495 W. Situa- ted on the s. E. side of St. Lawrence r., opposite to Ogden's island, with which it is connecteid by a bridge. Incorporated in 1839, and contains an Episcopal church, 12 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 grist Ml., 2 saw m., 1 paper m., 1 woollen fac, 1 fur- nace, 1 tannery, 90 dweUings, and about 600 in- habitants. Wade's, p-o., Bedford co., Va., 137 w. Rich- mond, 212 W. Wadesborough, p-v., capital of Anson co., N. C, 143 s. E. Raleigh, 412 W. Situated on the n. side of Neuse r., and contains a court house, jail, several stores, and about 600 inhabitants. Wadesborough, p-v., capital of Callaway co., Ky., 255 s. w. Frankfort, 782 W. It contains a court house, jail, and 163 inhabitants. Waueville, p-v., Owen co., la., 47 s. w. In- dianapolis, 617 W. Wadham's Mills, p-o., Westport t., Essex co., N. Y., 131 N. Albany, 502 W. Wading River, p-v., Riverhead t., Suffolk co., N. Y., 215 s. s. E. Albany, 295 W. Situated on a small inlet of the same name, about 1 mile from Long Island sound. It contains a church, a grist TO., and about 30 dwellings. Wadlev's Falls, p-v., Strafford co,, N. H., 36 E. Concord, 483 W. Wadsworth, p-t., Medina co., O., 127 n. n. E. Columbus, 342 W. It has 3 stores, capital $11,000; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,085. 1 acad. 73 stu- dents, 8 sch. 252 scholars. Pop. 1,481. Wagontown, p-v., Chester co., Pa., 63 e. s. e. Harrisburg, 132 W. WaHorlock, p-o., Kemper co.. Miss., 130 e. N. e. Jackson, 891 W. Waite, p-o., Washington co.. Me., 22? E. Au- gusta, 813 W. Waitsfield. p-t.. Washington co., Vt., 19 s. w. Montpelier, 506 W. The surface is uneven'; soil, fertile, particularly along the streams, where are fine intervales. Watered by Mad r., and its tributaries, which afford water power. It con- tains 3 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Baptist, and 1 Union. It has 2 stores, cap. $8,600; 2 full- ing m., 2 tanneries, 3 grist in., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,475. 9 sch. 396 scholars. Pop. 1,048. Wakatomika, p-o., Washington t., Coshocton CO., O., 75 N. E. Columbus, 35 TW. Wake, county, N. C. Situated in the centre of the state, and contains 1,140 sq. ms. Drained by Neuse r. and its branches. Capital, Raleigh. There were in 1840, neat cattle 15,248, sheep 11,574, swine 38,833; wheat 38,379 bushels pro- duced, rye 79,011, Ind. corn 535,274, oats 79,011, potatoes 55,965, rice 550 pounds, tobacco 54,247, cotton 2,391,996; 53 stores, capital $223,320; 67 distilleries, 2 flouring m., 32 grist m., 16 saw m., 1 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 5 weekly and 1 semi-weekly newspapers. Capital in manufac. $1,514. 1 college 77 student.-;, 13 acad. 283 stu- dents, 10 sch. 169 scholars. Pop. whites 12,113, slaves 7,996, free col'd 1,009; total, 21.118. Wakefield, p-t., Carroll co., N. H., 46 n. e. Concord, 527 W. Province pond is in its n. ex- tremity, and discharges its waters into Saco r. Loveli's pond, in the s. part of the t., is celebra- ted for a memorable battle with the Indians, in 1725, in which Capt. Lovell and his party were destroyed. The pond has received the name of the unfortunate commander. Incorporated in 1774. Salmon Falls r. rises in several ponds in the t. It has 5 stores, cap. $5,500 ; 2 fulling ra., 1 cotton fac. 500 sp., 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,600. 9 sch. 361 schol- ars. Pop. 1,396. Wakefield, p-v., Kingston t., Washington co., R. I., 37 .s. Providence, 393 W. It contains a church and about 30 inhabitants. Wakefield, p-v., Carroll co., Md., 63 n. n. w. Annapolis, 69 W. Wakefield, p-v., Wake co., N. C, 20 n. Ra- leigh, 278 W. Wake Forest, p-o.. Wake co., N. C, 15 N. Raleigh, 273 W. Wake.man, p-t., Huron co., O., 12 e. Norwalk, 107 N. N. E. Columbus, 385 W. It was formerly called Jessup, and has 6 stores, cap. $45,000 ; 5 commission houses, cap. $23,000 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen Aic, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $42,350. 5 sch. 155 scholars. Pop. 702. Walden, p-t., Caledonia co., Vt., 29 n. e. Mont- pelier, 544 W. The head branches of Onion and Lamoille rivers rise here. Joe's pond, in the s. part, discharges its waters into Pasump.sic river. The surface is elevated and uneven ; soil, fertile, particularly in the .\. w. part. It contains 3 church, common to several denominations. Char- tered in 1780; first settled in 1789. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,.300; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,050. 10 sch. 266 scholars. Pop. 913. Walden, p-v., Montgomery t.. Orange co., N. Y., 90 s. by w. Albany, 292 W. Situated on the e. bank of Wallkill r., and contains 1 church, 3 slores, 1 woollen fac, 1 satinet i'ac, 1 grist m., I saw m., 70 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants. Waldensville, p-o., Schoharie co., N. Y., 2/ w. Albany, 391 W. Waldo, county, Me. CenSraUy situated in WAL 689 WAL the s. part of the state, and contains 812 sq. ms. Bounded e. by Penobscot r. and bay. The sur- face is undulating ; soil, fertile. Watered by St. George and Marsh rivers, and branches of Sebas- ticook r. Penobscot bay and river afford great facilities for navigation. Capital. Belfast. There were in 1840, neat cattle 27,826, sheep 55,318, swine 10,451 ; wheat 78,304 bush, produced, rye 6,749, Ind. corn 5-2,784, barley 30,103, oats 84,088, potatoes 1,066,424, sugar 4,675 pounds; 11)6 stores, cap. $363,893; 18 lumber yards, cap. $54,400; cap. invested in fi.siieries, $72,373 ; 13 fulling m., 26 tanneries, 41 grist m., 117 saw m., 2 printing offices. 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $398,437. 4 acad. 1 ,946 students, 267 sch. 14,740 scholars. Pop. 41,509. Waldo, p-t., W^aldo co., Me., 7 w. N. w. Bel- fast, 47 E. N. E. Augusta, 641 W. Drained by streams flowing inio Belfast bay, and which af- ford water power. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. It has 8 saw m., 4 sch. 329 scholars. Pop. 721. Waldo, p-v., Moore co., N. C, 62 s. w, Nash- ville, 350 W. Waldoborough, p-t., and port of entry, Lin- coln CO., Me., 30 s. E. Augusta, 6136 W. Watered by Muscongus r., which enters Muscongus bay. The bay bounds it on the s. w. The surface is gently uneven ; soil, fertile. Incorporated in 1773. It has considerable navigation and ship- building, and contains 22 stores, cap. $29,900 ; 3 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 4 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $113,421. 1 acad. 45 students, 22 sch. 1,168 scholars. Pop. 3,661. Waldren's Creek, p-c, Sevier co., Tenn., 221 E. Nashville, 502 W. WALEASBORouGtr, p-c, Emanuel co., Ga., 84 s. E. Milledgeville, 646 W. Wales, p-t., Lincoln co.. Me., 23 s. w. Augus- ta, 582 W. The surface is level; soil, fertile, adapted to grain. Drained by a branch of An- droscoggin r. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 1 saw m., 7 sch. 258 scholars. Pop. 65S. Wales, p-t., Hampden co., Mass., 74 w. s. w. Boston, 374 W. Formerly called South Brim- field. A branch of Quinnebaug r. issues from a considerable pond near its centre, and affords water power. The surface is uneven ; soil, adapted to grazing. The v. at the n. extremity of the above pond, at its outlet, contains 1 Baptist and one Methodist church, a woollen fac, and about 30 dwellings. There are in the t. 1 store, cap. $2,000. Cap. in manufac. $3,500. 5 sch. 195 scholars. Pop. 6S6. Wales, p-t., Erie co., N. Y., 18 s. E. Buffalo, 272 w. Albany, 369 W. The surface is undula- ting; soil, gravelly and sandy loam, with some clay. Drained by Seneca cr. It has 3 stores, cap. $12,000; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tan- nery, 1 pottery, 3 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,750. 16 sch. 673 scholars. Fop. 1,9S7. Walesville, v., Whitestown t., Oneida co., N. Y. It contains 1 church, 1 store, 1 woollen fac, 2 paper m., 1 clothier's works, 1 grist m., and a few dwellings. Walhonding, r., O., one of the main branches of Muskingum r., formed by the jiuiction of Mo- hiccan and Vernon rivers. It receives Kilbnck cr. from the n., and joins Tuscarawas r., opposite to Coshocton. It was formerly called While Woman r. Walhonding, p-o., Coshocton co., O., 76 n. e. Columbus, 355 W. Walker, county, Ga. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 700 square miles. 87 Drained by Chattooga r., flowing s. w. into Coosa r., and Chickamauga r., flowing n. into Tennes- see r. The surface is uneven, and the soil, in the valleys, fertile. Crawfish spring, 12 ms. n. of the C. H., affords water sufficient, where it issues from the hill, to float a small vessel, and 50 yards from this vtould float a large steamboat. It contains a large cavern. Capital, La Fayette. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,396, sheep 2,087, swine 15,012; wheat 17,363 bush, pro- duced, rye 1,014, Ind. corn 236,494, oats 16,650, potatoes 6,985, tobacco 14,468 pounds, cotton 76,307 ; 7 stores, cap. $47,000 ; 2 tanneries, 8 dis- tilleries, 8 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,620. 1 college, 15 students, 9 sch. 172 schol- ars. Pop. whites 5,583, slaves 946, free col'd 43; total, 6,572. Walker, county, Ala. Situated centrally to- ward the N. w. part of the state, and contains 1,500 sq. miles. Drained by Sipsey r. and its numerous branches, a branch of Black Warrior r. Capital, Jasper. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,943, sheep 1,493, swine 12,360 ; wheat 5,537 bush, produced, Ind. corn 128,030, oats 7,581, potatoes 4,767, rice 1,210 pounds, tobacco 4,538, cotton 110,917; 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 tan- nery, 1 distillery, 6 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,100. 1 1 1 scholarstin schools. Pop. whites 3,820, slaves 211, free col'd 1 ; totals 4,032. Walker, p-t., Centre co., Pa., 94 n. w. Har- ri.sburg, 186 W. The surface is diversified ; soil, in the valleys, calcareous loam. Drained by Little Fishing cr. It has 4 stores, cap. $10,500 ; 1 furnace, 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,900. 4 sch. 160 scholars. Pop. 1,180. Walker's, p-o., Livingston co., Ky., 257 w. s. w. Frankfort, 789 W. Walker's Church, p-o.. Prince Edward co., Va., 86 s. w. by w. Richmond, 176 W. Walker's Grove, p-o.. Mason co.. 111., 7 s. Macomb. Walker's Mills, p-o., Alleghany co.. Pa., 208 w. Harrisburg, 253 W. Walkersville, p-v., Frederick co., Md., 81 N. w. Annapolis, 49 W. Walkersville, p-v., Mecklenburg co., N. C.». 194 s. w. by w. Raleigh, 431 W. Walkkrtown, p-v.. King and Queen co., Va.,. 40 N. E. Richmond, 128 W. Situated on the N.- E. side of Mattapony r. Walkerville, p-o., Lycoming co., Pat», 103> N. Harrisburg, 213 W. Wallabout, bay, Brooklyn, N. Y. Situated' in the .n. e. part of the city of Brooklyn. Thff United States Navy Yard is on the s. side of it. (See Brooklyn.) Here the British prison-ship, the- .lersey, was moored, in the revolutionary war, on board of which 11,500 American prisoners^ died, and were buried on the adjoining beach. Wallace, p-v., Jones co., Ga., 13 s. vv. Mil- ledgeville, 661 W. Situated cm the road fronv Milledgeville to 3Iacon. Wallace, p-v.. Fountain co:, la., 70 n. w. In- dianapolis, 633 W. Walled Lake, p-o., Novi t., Oakland co., Mich., 33 N. w. Detroit, 554 W. The lake lie* on the N. border of the t., and its outlet forms th© w. branch of Rouge r. Wallln'gford, p-t., Rutland co., Vt., 71 s. s. w. Montpelier, 452 W. The surface is uneven,, and on the e. part mountainous ; soil, fertile, par- ticularly on the streams. Drained by Otter Creek r., and its branch. Mill r. It has several ponds, one of which, in its s. E. part, covers 350 acres. There are 4 churches in the t. The v. i» WAL 690 WAL on Otter Creek in the n. part, and contains sever- al stores, mechanic shops, and dwellings. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. $22,159; 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §10,220. 12 sell. 583 scholars. Pop. 1,603. Wallingford, p-t., jNew Haven co., Ct., 24 s. by w. Hartford, 313 W. The surface is un- even ; soil, generally fertile. Drained by Quin- nipiac r., which afliirds water power. The v. at the centre contains 3 churches — 1 Congregation- al, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Baptist. There are two other small manufacturing villages, where bri- taniiia, tin ware, and wood screws are extensive- ly manufactured. The railroad from New Haven to Hartibrd passes through the t. There are in the t. 2 woollen lac, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $43,U50. 10 sch. 28'J scholars. Pop. 2,204. Walling's Creek, p-o., Lee co., Va., 370 w. by s. Richmond, 43S W. Walker, t., Huntingdon to.. Pa. The surface is hilly ; soil, in the valleys, calcareous loam. Bounded .s. and e. by Raystown branch of Ju- niata r. It has 2 stores, cap. $13,000 ; 2 tanner- ies, 1 distillery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,003. 6 sch. 225 scholars. Pop. 1,055. Walker, t., Cole co., Mo. It has 3 sch. 67 scholars. Pop. 1,334. Wallkill, r., rises in Sussex co., N. J., and flowing .\. N. E. into New York, and passing; througli Orange and Ulster counties, after receiv- ing Sliawangunk cr. on the w. side, it unites with Rondout kill, on the w. border of Esopus. It af- fords extensive water power. Wallkill, t., Orange co., N. Y., 22 w. New- burgh. The surface is undulating and hilly ; soil, gravelly and clay loam. Drained by Shaw- angunk cr. and Wallkill r. It contains Middle- town and fliechanicsville villages. It has 17 stores, cap. $41,050 ; 3 lumber yards, 4 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 5 tanneries, 6 distilleries, 1 pottery, 4 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $80,220. 1 acad. 30 students, 22 sch. 1,01 1 schol- ars. Pop. 4,26S. Wallonlv, p-v., Trigg co., Ky., 234 s. w. Frankfort, 761 W. Situated on the e. side of Muddy fork of Little r. Walloomsack, r., Vt., is formed by the union of several streams in Bennington, and flowing w. unites with Hoosic r., in Hoosic t., Rensselaer CO., N. Y. It affords good water power. Wallsville, p-o., Luzerne co., Pa., 154 n. e. ilarrisburg, 260 W. Wal.nut, creek, O., rises on the borders of Licking and Fairfield counties, and flowing 30 ms. s. w. falls into Scioto r., 6 ms. above Circle- ville. Walnut, p-o., Juniata co., Pa., 51 n. w. Har- risburg, 142 W. Walnut, t., Fairfield co., O. The Ohio canal pas^es through it. It contains the villages of New Salem and Millersport. Pop. 2,096. Walnut, t., Gallia co., O. Organized in 1819. The natural growth was extensively walnut. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Pop. 636. Walnut, t.. Holmes co., O. Watered by a branch of Sugar cr. It has 1 store, cap. $1,500; 1 distillery, 1 flouring m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,856. Pop. 1,099. Walnut, t., Pickaway co., O. Scioto river bounds it on the N. w. It has 1 store, cap. $250 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 3 distilleries, 4 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,678. 6 sch. 158 scholars. Pop. 1,798. Walnut, t., Montgomery co., la. It has 4 Bch. 85 scholars. Pop. 813. Walnut, t., Phillips co., Ark. It has 4 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $3,100. Pop. 510. Walnut Branch, p-o., Fauquier co., Va., 112 N. by w. Richmond, 56 W. Walnut Ca.mp, p-o., St. Francis co., Ark., 130 e. Little Rock, 975 W. Walnut Creek, p-o., Stark co., 111., Ill n. Springfield, 8-25 W. Walnut Flat, p-o., Lincoln co., Ky., 53 s. s. E. Frankfort, 571 W. Walnut Forest, p-o., Greene co., Mo., 150 s. s. w. Jefferson City, 1,065 W. Walnut Fork, p-o., Jones co., Iowa. Walnut Grove, p-o., Morris co., N. J., 58 N. Trenton, 230 W. Walnut Grove, p-o., Kanawha co., Va., 333 w. N. w. Richmond, 370 W. Walnut Grove, p-o., Orange co., N. C, 48 N. w. Raleigh, 266 W. Walnut Grove, p-o., Spartanburg dist., S C, 106 N. w. Columbia, 431 W. Walnut Grove, p-o., Caldwell co., Ky. Walnut Grove, p-o., Hawkins co., Tenn. Walnut Hill, p-o., Lee co., Va., 410 w. by s. Richmond, 478 W. Walnut Hill, p-o., Franklin co., Ga. Walnut Hill, p-o., Hamilton co., O., 117 s. w. Columbus, 490 W. Walnut Hill, p-o., Bradley co., Tenn., 276 s. E. Nashville, 421 VV. Walnut Hill, p-o., Lafayette co.. Ark. Walnut Hill, p-o., Marion co.. 111., 114 s. s. E. Springfield, 775 \V. Walnut Lane, p-o., Surry co., N. C, 154 w. s. w. Raleigh, 360 W. Walnut Ridge, p-o., Washington co., la., 86 s. Indianapolis, 607 W. Walnut Valley, p-o., Warren co., N. J., 70 N. Trenton, 225 W. Walnut Valley, p-o., Madison co., Ky. Walpack, p-t., Sussex co., N. J., 91 n. n. w. Trenton, 248 W. One half the surface is cover- ed by Blue mountain, between wliich and Dela- ware r. on its w. border, the soil is a fertile cal- careous loam and alluvion. Drained by Flalkill cr., which flows into Delaware r. It contains a German Reformed church, and has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist in., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $10,075. 4 sch. 120 scholars. Pop. 72S. Walpole, p-t, Cheshire co., N. H., 63 s. w. by w. Concord, 444 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, fertile, particularly along Connecticut river, which bounds it on the w. Watered by Cold r. Fall mountain, towards its s. E. part, is elevated 750 feet above the level of Connecticut r. The V. is pleasantly situated at the foot of this hill or mountain, on an elevated plain, and contains a Congregational church, and a considerable num- ber of dwellings, many of them large and hand- some. On Coldwater r., 3 ms. N. e., is a flourish- ing manufacturing v. Bellows falls in Connecti- cut r., in the n. w. part of the t., are a curiosity. (See Bellows Falls.) The river is very much compressed, and without much perpendicular fall, it rushes impetuously through a chasm, de- scending 42 feet in tiie course of half a mile. A bridge here crosses the r. to Rockingham, Vt., in which t. is the canal around the fills. At the falls in Walpole is a small v., called Drewsville. An- other bridge crosses from the principal village to Westminster, Vt. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. $I9,0tMJ; 1 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 tan- neries, 3 grist m., 9 saw m. Capital in manufac. $80,400. 1 acad. 52 students, 14 sch. 553 schol- ars. Pop. 2,015. Walpole, p-t., Norfolk co., Mass., 21 s. w. WAL 691 WAR Boston, 427 W. The surface is rough ; soil, fer- tile with good cultivation. Drained by Neponset r. and its branches, which afford water power. Incorporated in 1724. It contains 3 rimrches — 2 Congregational and 1 Methodist. It has 5 stores, cap. $12,!<00; 3 falling m., 3 woollen lac, 3 cot- ton fac. 1,138 spindles, 5 sch. 3'J5 scholars. Pop. 1,491. Walpole East, p-o., Walpole t., Norfolk co., Mass., I'J s. w. Boston, 426 W. VValterborough, p-v., capital of Colleton dist., S. C, 99 Columbia, 605 W. Situated on a branch of Ashepoo r., and contains a court house, jail, and about 500 inhabitants. Waltham, t., Hancock co.. Me. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. It has 2 saw m., 2 sch. 82 scholars. Pop. 231. Waltham, t., Addison co., Vt., 24 s. Burling- ton, 9 N. w. Middlebury. The surface is eleva- ted and uneven ; soil, fertile, particularly along Otter Creek r., which bounds it on the w. Buck mountain, near its centre, commands an extensive prospect. It has 4 sch. 190 scholars. Pop. 2S3. Waltham, p-t., Middlesex co., Mass., 10 w. by N. Boston, 43.) W. The surface is level, or moderately uneven ; soil, indifferent, but well cultivated and made productive. Drained by Charles r., which affords water power. It con- tains 6 churche.s — 2 Congregational, 1 Unitarian, I Methodist, 1 Universalist, and 1 Roman Cath- olic. The v. is pleasantly situated on a plain, on ] street a mile long, and contains 150 dwellings, many of them elegant, and beautifully ornament- ed with trees, shrubbery, and gardens. Cotton and woollen manufactures are extensive. There are in the t. 11 stores, cap. $29,000 ; 3 cotton fac. 11,000 sp., 1 paper fac, 1 printing office, 1 week- ly newspaper, 2 grist m. Cap. in manufactures $463,500. 2 acad. 36 students, 9 sch. 500 schol- ars. Pop. 2,5;)4. VValtiiamsville, p-v.. Liberty co., Ga., 204 S. E. Blilledgeville, 708 W. It contains a church, an academy, and 250 inhabitants, and double that number in the summer season. Walto.v, county, Ga. Situated n. of the cen- tre of the state, and contains 320 sq. ms. Drain- ed by the head waters of Ocmulgee and Oconee rs. Capital, Monroe. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,5J9, sheep 1,579, swine 11,703; wheat 18,658 bush, produced, Indian corn 171,495, oats 18,560, potatoes 2,900, cotton 627,750 pounds ; 8 stores, cap. $3,250 ; 3 tanneries, 7 distilleries, 12 grist m., 10 saw m. Pop. whites 6,583, slaves 3,625, free col'd 1 ; total, 10,209. Walton, county, Flor. Situated in the w. part of the territory, and contains 1,581 sq. miles, ('hoctawhatchee river bounds it on the e., and Choctawhalchee bay on the s. Drained by Yel- low Water r., and Shoal r. and its branches, and White, Alequa, and other crs. The last is navi- gable 15 ms. from the bay. It has fertile land, particularly in the n. part. Capital, Euchee Anna. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,952, sheep 3S6, swine 3,959 ; Ind. corn 25,048 bush, produced, potatoes 6,902, cotton 52,122 pounds ; 4 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 6 grist m., 7 sch. 131 scholars. Pop whites 1,189, slaves 231, free col'd 41 ; total, 1,401 Walton, p-t., Delaware co., N. Y., 97 s. w. Albany, 321 W. The surface is hilly and moun- tainous ; soil, adapted to grazing. Drained by tiie w. branch of Delaware r. and its tributaries. The V. is situated on Delaware r.., and contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Episcopal church, 6 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 clothier's works, 1 tannery, 60 dwellings, and about 350 inhabitants. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $13,119; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $5,600. 17 sch. 603 scholars. Pop. 1,846. Walton, p-o., Boone co., Ky. Walton, p-t., Eaton co., Mich. Pop. 116. Waltonham, p-v., St. Louis co.. Mo., 9 n. w. St. Louis, 121 E. by n. Jefferson City, 817 W. It contains about .50 inhabitants. Walworth, county. Wis. Situated in the s. E. part of the territory, and contains 675 sq. miles. The surface is level, consisting of timbered and prairie land ; soil, very fertile. Drained by Tur- tle r. and its branches, and by branches of Fox r., one of which issues from Geneva lake in its s. part. Capital, Delavan. There were in I'^IO, neat cattle 2,861, sheep 410, swine 6,3^0 ; wheat 59,560 bush, produced, barley 1,499, oats 35,155, potatoes, 14.410, sugar 13,050 pounds; 1 store, capital $2,500 ; 1 distillery, 3 grist m., 7 saw ra. C^ap. in manufac. $33,005. 4 sch. 107 scholars. Pop. 2,611. Walworth, p-t., Wayne co., N. Y., 18 n. w. Lyons, 205 w. Albany, 362 W. The surface is rolling ; soil, a fertile gravelly loam. Drained in the N. part by streams flowing into Lake Ontario, and in the s. by tributaries of Mud cr., a branch of Clyde river. The v. contains 1 Baptist and 1 -Methodist church, 3 stores, 1 tannery, 25 dwell- ings, and about 150 iniiabitants. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $14,500; 2 tanneries, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,853. 9 sch. 336 schol- ars. Pop. 1,734. Walworth, p-t., Walworth co., Wis., 69 s, E. Madison, 778 W. Pop. 226. Wampsville, p-v., Lenox t., Madison co., N. Y., 117 w. Albany, 362 W. Situated on the w. side of Cowasalon cr., and contains 1 Presbyte- rian church, 4 stores, and about 40 dwellings. Wantage, t., Sussex co., N. J. Bounded n, by the state of New York. The surface is roll- ing on the E., mountainous and hilly on the w. ; soil, a fertile calcareous loam. Drained by Deep Clove river and Papakating cr., which unite and flow into Wallkill river. Along the Wall kill is a margin of swamp, known as the Drowned Lands, It has 11 stores, capital $44,270; 1 lumber yard, cap. $2,200; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 5 distiller- ies, 10 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $73,925. 1 acad. 26 students, 22 sch. 573 schol- ars. Pop. 3,908. Wapahkonetta, p-v., Allen co., O., 101 n. w. Columbus, 484 W. It was formerly near the cen- tre of a large Indian reservation of the Shawnee tribe, but their title has been extinguislied, and they have removed. It is now settled entirely by the whites, and contains about 110 ijiliab- itants. Wappelo, p-v., capital of Louisa co., Iowa, Handsomely located on the site of Wappelo Vil- lage. A chief of the Fox Indians, of that name, resided here until the summer of 1836. It is re- gularly laid out with streets and squares, and contains a court house, and a number of neat dwellings. Wappingers, creek, N. Y., rises in Dutchess CO., and enters Hudson r. below the v. of New Hamburgh. It affords good water power. Wappingers Creeiv, p-o., Fishkill t., Dutchess CO., N. Y., 78 s. Albany, 294 W. Ward, t., Athens co., O. It has 5 saw mills. Capital in manufac. $2,600. 1 sch. 17 scholars. Pop. 345. Ward, t., Randolph co., la. It has 3 stores, cap. $5,300 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw ra., 4 sch. 110 scholars. Pop. 1,13:^. Wardensville, p-o.. Hardy co., Va., 177 n, w. Richmond, 105 W. Wardsborough, p-t., Windham co,, Vt., 15 a WAR 692 WAR w. Brattleboro', 120 s. by w. Montpelier, 447 W. Thff surface is hilly, and in some pnrts rough ; soil, aJapted to grazing. Drained by a branch of West r., which atTords water power. Char- tered in 1780. It contains a Congregational and a Baptist church. It has 3 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 cotton fac. 60 sp., 3 tanneries, 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,750. 7 sch. 386 scholars. Pop. 1,102. Ward's Bridgk, p-o., Pittsylvania co., Va., 142 s. w. Richmond, 220 W. Ware, river, Mass., rises in Worcester co., and enters Chickapee r. on the line of Hampshire and Hampden counties. It affords good water power. War Eagle, t., Madison co., Arlv. It has 2 taimeries, 3 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,130. 1 sch. 23 scholars. Pop. 75S. Ware, county, Ga. Situated in the s. toward the E. part of the state, and contains 3,440 sqnare miles. Drained by iSantilla r. and its branches, in the n., and by tlie head waters of Suwanne r. in the s. part. Okefinoke swamp occupies its s. E. part. This great marshy lake is about 280 ms. in circumference, and extends into Florida. In wet sea.sons it appears like an inland sea, with several fertile islands. St. Mary's r. rises in this swamp. The surface of the county is level ; soil, fertile, but much of it is exposed to inunda- tion. Capital, Waresboro'. There were in 1840, neat cattle 20,918, sheep 392, swine 12,269; wheat 893 bush, produced, oats 18,658, potatoes 2,900, cotton 627,750 pounds, sugar 1 1,935 ; 9 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $2,700. 1 college, 13 sch. 478 scholars. Pop. whites 2,189, slaves 132, free col'd 2 ; total, 2.323. Ware, p-t., Hampshire co., Mass., 22 e. by s. Northampton, 68 w. by s. Boston, 385 W. The surface is hilly and rough ; soil, well adapted to grazing. Swift r. hounds it on the w. Watered by Ware r., which affords good water power. It contains 2 Congregational churches. The v. is pleasantly situated in the E. part of the t., on Ware r., at the falls, and contains a Congrega- tional cliurch, a bank, various manufacturing establishments, and about 1,500 inhabitants. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 1 cot- ton tiac. 350 sp., 2 grist in., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. !i?147,300. 14 sch. 611 scholars. Pop. 1,890. Wareham, p-l., Plymouth co., Mass., 53 s. s. E. Boston, 446 W. The surface is level ; soil, light and sandy. Tkiunded s. by the head of Buzzard's bay. Watered by Agavvon r., and fine mill streams which flow into the bay. The V. at the head of the bay contains a Congrega- tional and a Methodist church, a bank, and a considerable number of dwellings. Vessels of 150 or 200 tons come to its wharves. There are in the t. 8 store.s, cap. $28,000 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $1,000; I cotton fac. GOO ep., 1 tan- nery, 1 paper lac, 4 griat ui., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $212,600 ; 5 sch. 138 scholars. Pop. 2,002. Warehouse Point, p-v., East Windsor t., Hartford co., Ct., 14 n. by e. Hartford, 349 W. It lies in the N. w.partof the t., on the e. side of Connecticut r., and has 2 churches- — 1 Episcopal and 1 Methodist. WARESBOROtrcH, p-v., capital of Ware co., Ga., 75 N. w. St. Mary's, 212 s. s. e. Milledgeville, 811 W. Situated a little s. of Santilla r., and contains a court hou.se and about 50 inhabitants. Warf/eldburg, pv., Carroll co., Md., 56 n. N. vv. Annapolis, 61 W. Siiuated a few miles s. w. of Westminster, the capital of the county. Warfordsburg, p-v., Bedford co., Pa., 83 s. w. Harrisburg, 100 W. Warlick's Store, p o., Lincoln co., N. d* 185 w. by s. Raleigh, 422 W. WARiMiNSTER, t., Bucks CO., Pa., 17 N. Phila- delphia, 8 s. E. Doylestown. The surface it) hilly ; soil, gravel and sandy loam. Drained by branches of Pennypack cr. It has 3 stores, cap. $13,000: 1 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $1,300. 4 sch. 88 scholars. Pop. 934. Warmi.nster, p-v.. Nelson co., Va. Situated on the N. side of James r. It contains 2 stores, a masonic hall, used as a church, and about 30 in- habitants, nearly half of whom are colored. It was formerly more flourishing than at present. Warm Springs, p-v., Buncombe co., N. C, 34 N. N. w. Ashville, 291 w. Raleigh, 462 W. Situ- ated near French Broad r. The springs contain valuable medicinal properties. Warm Springs, p-v., Meriwether co., Ga., 110 w. by s. Milledgeville, 732 W. Situated near the head of a branch of Flint r. Warner, p-t., Merrimac co., N. H., 17 w. N. w. Concord, 481 W. Drained by Warner river, which flows into Contoocook r. The surface is uneven and broken ; soil, generally fertile, adapted to grazing. Incorporated in 1774. It has 5 stores, cap. $8,500 ; 2 tanneries, 1 paper fac, 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $38,650. 23 schools 561 scholars. Population 2,139. Warren, county, N. Y. Situated in the e., toward the n. part of the state, and contains 912 sq. ms. Lake George lies on its e., and extends into its s. E. part. There are several other lakes. The surface is hilly, mountainous, and broken. Drained by Hudson r. and Schroon branch, which here unite. Iron ore is abundant, and marl has been found in Queensbury t. The coun- try is in a great measure a wilderness. Capital, Caldwell. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,826, sheep 22,775, swine 8,053; wheat 12,961 bushels produced, rye 17,567, Indian corn 63,476, buckwheat 24,647, barley 1,201, oats 103,733, potatoes 221,131, sugar 43,821 pounds; 48 stores, cap. $110,000; 7 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 9 tanneries, 2 powder m., 14 grist m., 99 saw m. Cap, in manufac. $121,960. 104 sch. 4,119 schol- ars. Pop. 13,422. Warren, county, N. J. Situated in the w. toward the n. part of the state, and contains 350 sq. ms. Bounded w. by Delaware r. Drained by Paulinskill, Pequest, and Pohatcong rivers. Organized in 1824. The surface is uneven. 3Iusconetcong or Schooley's mountain bounds it on the s. e. Capital, Belvidere. There were in 1810, neat cattle 12,718, sheep 19,599, swine 22,517; wheat 124,726 bushels produced, rye 184,877, Indian corn 311,955, buckwheat 108,300, oats 173,602, potatoes 142,662 ; 53 stores, cap. $207,900 ; 1 furnace, 1 cotton fac. 216 sp., 9 tan- neries, 2 distilleries, 1 brewery, 21 flouring m., 35 grist m., 24 saw m., 4 oil m. Cap. in manu- fac $470,160. 92 sch. 5,533 scholars. Pop. 20,366. Warren, county, Pa. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 832 sq. ms. The surface is undulating; soil, moderately fertile Drained by Alleghany r. and its tributaries, Cone- wango. Broken Straw, and other creeks. The surface is broken ; soil, in some parts, fertile. Capital, Warren. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 8,340, sheep 13,081, swine 6,334 ; wheat 30,280 bush, produced, rye 6,247, Indian corn 37,228, buckwheat 13,570, bariey 1,341, oats 64,890, potatoes 147,274, sugar 91,318 pounds; 2S stores, cap. $65,750 ; 5 fulling m., 3 furnaces, 6 tanneries, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspa- pers, 2 flouring ra., 16 grist m., 123 saw m. Cap. WAR 693 WAR in manufac. $313,172. 1 acad. 50 students, 82 sch. 2,074 scholars. Pop. 9,278. Warre.v, county, Va. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 20L) sq. nis. The She- nandoah r. passes centrally through it. Capital, Front Royal. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,424, sheep 7,289, swine 12,969; wheat 14-i,372 bush, produced, rye 17,390, Ind. corn 219,320, buckwheat 4,831, oats 57,641, potatoes 16,325: 11 stores, cap. $83,000; 1 fulling ni., 3 tanneries, 8 distilleries, 13 flouring m., 20 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $115,020. 1 acad. 14 stu- dents, 6 sch. 220 scholars. Pop. wiiites 3,851, slaves 1,434, free col'd 342 ; total, 5,627. Warren, county, N. C. Situated in the N. part of the state, and contains 3J1 sq. ms. The surface is elevated ; soil, fertile. Drained by Roanoke r. and its branches in the n. part, and Fishing cr. and its branches in the s. part. Capi- tal, Warrenton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,100, sheep 7,860, swine 30,855; wheat 25,551 bush, produced, rye 888, Ind. corn 3d5,351, oats 80,1 13, potatoes 24,730, tobacco 3,574,296 pounds, cotton 380,954 ; 10 stores, cap. $49,800 ; 4 flour- ing m., 26 grist m., 7 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $49,150. 3a<'ad. 71 students, 10 sch. 182 scholars. Pop. whites 4,400, slaves 8,200, free col'd 329 ; total, 12,919. Warren, county, Ga. Situated toward the e. part of the state, and contains 560 sq. ms. Ogee- chee r. bounds it on the s. w., and Little r. on the N., by branches of which and of Brier cr. it is drained. The Ga. railroad passes through it. Capital, Warrenton. There were in 1340, neat cattle 6,349, slieep 4,505, swine 17,254; wheat 13,351 busli. produced, Ind. corn 268,320, oats 6,860, potatoes 5,892, cotton 262,555 pounds; 16 stores, cap. $100,050; 2 cotton fac. 1,123 sp., 4 flouring m., 5 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 acad. 75 stu- dents, 5 sch. 147 scholars. Pop. whites 5,176, slaves 4,536, free col'd 77 ; total, 9,789. Warren, county, Miss. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 600 sq. ras. Big Black r. bounds it on the .s. e., and lAIississippi r. on the vv. Watered by Vazoo r., and by branches of Big Black r. The surface on the e. is hilly and broken, on the bottoms of the Mississippi, liable to submersion; soil, extensively very fer- tile. The Vicksburg and Brandon railroad passes through it. Capital, Vicksburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 22,648, sheep 3,812, swine 25,890; Ind. corn 543,140 bush, produced, oats 32,119, potatoes 62,320, cotton 16,019,200 pounds; 26 commission houses, cap. $167,800; 112 stores, cap. $467,350 ; 10 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $183,310. 2 acad. 184 students, 7 sch. 176 scho- lars. Pop. whites 5,223, slaves 10,493, free col'd 104; total, 15,8 iO. Warren, county, Tenn. Situated near the middle of the state, and contains 960 sq. ms. Drauied by C-oUins r. and its branches, which flow into the Caney Fork of Cumberland r. Cap- ital, McMinnville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,107, sheep 9,7^2, swine 10,141; wheat 53,347 bush, produced, rye 3,835, Indian corn 468,085, oats 108,117, potatoes 12,012, cotton 4,334 pounds ; 5 stores, cap. $24,500 ; 5 tanneries, 6 distilleries, 1 powder m., 10 grist ra., 4 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $12,065. 28 sch. 1,161 scholars. Pop. whites 9,366, slaves 1,349, free col'd 83; total, 10,803. Warren, county, Ky. Situated s. w. of the centre of the state, and contains 612 sq. ms. Drained by Big Barren r. and its brunches, which flow into Green r., which bounds it on the n. Capital, Bowling Green. There were in 1840, neat cattle 34,523, sheep 21,729, swine 52,329; wheat 80,180 bush, produced, rye 1,976, Indian corn 715,566, oats 183,210, potatops 18,57(5, tobac- co 1,029,8.)0 pounds; 1 commission house, cap. $15,000; 20 stores, cap. $316,200; 12 tanneries, 23 distilleries, 7 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $37,665. 1 acad. 30 students, 4 sch. 125 scho- lars. Pop. whites 11,078, slaves 4,207, free col'd 161; total, 15,446. Warren, county, O. Situated toward the s. w. part of the state, and contains 400 sq. ms. Great 3Iiami r. crosses its n. w. corner. Drained by Little Miami r. and its branches. The Miamis afford water power, and are boatable in high wa- ter. It contains some remarkable ancient mounds. The land is some of the most fertile portion of the Miami valley. Capital, Lebanon. There were in 1840, neat cattle 21,368, sheep 33,031, swine 56,847 ; wheat 248,665 bush, produced, rye 7,750, Ind. corn 1,231,321, barley 7,754, oats 327,314, potatoes 41,912, sugar 187,295 pounds ; 80 stores, cap. $170,600; 4 ftdling m., 3 woollen fac, 13 tanneries, 1 distillery, 4 potteries, 5 flouring m., 22 grist m., 19 saw m., 2 paper fac. Cap. in manufac. $236,464. 69 sch. 5,356 scholars. Pop. 23,141. Warre.\, county, la. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 350 sq. ms. Organ- ized in 1828. Watered by Wabash r. and its branches. The surface is level, one third of it prairie ; soil, fertile. The Wabash is navigablo ibr steamboats, and its tributaries afford good water power. Capital, Williamsport. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,963, sheep 9,515, swine 15,851 ; wheat 32,193 bush, produced, rye 1,447, Ind. corn 414,046, oats 89,955, potatoes 15,543, tobacco 830 poimds, sugar 8,200 ; 8 stores, cap. $25,000; 6 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 19 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $30,193. 8 sch. 185 scholars. Pop. 5,656. Warren, county. 111. Situated in the w. to- ward the n. part of the state, and contains 900 sq. ms. Formed in 1825, organized in 1830. Mississippi r. bounds it on the w. Drained by Henderson r. and its branches, and by Ellison, Honey, and Camp creeks. The surface is level ; soil, very fertile, particularly on the streams. On the Mississippi it is liable to submersion. Capital, Monmouth. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,769, sheep 7,141, swine 23,682; wheat 75,243 bush, produced, rye 4,120, Indian corn 293,843, barley 1,394, oats 97,400, potatoes 21,834, sugar 22,619 pounds ; 2 commission houses, cap. $4^000 ; 10 stores, cap. $2.1,500 ; 1 tannery, 1 dis- tillery, 3 flouring m., 4 grist m., 20 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $79,370. 19 sch. 569 scholars. Pop. 6,739. Warren, county, Mo. Situated toward the E. part of the stale, and contains 350 sq. ms. Bounded s. w. by Missouri r., by small branches of which it is drained. The surface is various ; soil, on the bottoms, very fertile. Capital, War- renton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,626, sheep 3,983, swine 10,950; wheat 13,693 bush, produced, Ind. corn 132,315, oats 21,185, potatoes 6,5:i6, tobacco 33-!,400 pounds, sugar 4,562; 27 stores, cap. $41,200; 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 5 grist m., 6 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manuliic. $12,575. 5 sch. 104 scholars. Pop. wliites 3,555, slaves 696, free col'd 2; total, 4,253. Warren, p-t., one of the capitals of Lincoln CO., 3Ie., 37 s. e. Augusta, 613 W. Watered by St. George r., which affords water power, and is navigable for sloops. It contains several ponds. Incorporated in 1776. The v. contains a court WAR 694 WAR house, an academy, and a number of neat dwell- ings. There are in the t. 14 stores, cap. $23,000 ; 'i tanneries, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. 1*3,675. 1 acad. 80 students, 19 sch. 853 scholars. Pop. 2,228. Warren, p-t., Grafton co., N. H., 60 n. n. w. Conrord, 522 W. Watered by Bakers r., which affiirds water power. A pond in its n. e. part flows into Femigewasset r. Carr's mountain is in its s. E. part. Chartered in 1763. It has 1 store, cap. $1,500; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist in., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,330. 8 sch. 277 scholars. Pop. 938. Warren, p-t., Washington co., Vt., 31 s. e. Burlington, 25 s. w. Montpelier, 500 W. Drained by Mud r., a branch of Onion or Winooski r., ^vllich affords water power. The surface is not very uneven, but it lies between 2 ranges of tiie Green mountains. Chartered in 1739, first settled in 1797. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,000; 2 fulling ni., 1 woollen lac, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,750. 8 sch. 25S scholars. Pop. 943. Warren, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 66 w. s. w. Boston, 385 W. Incorporated by the name of Western in 1741, received the name of M^ar- ren in 1834. Drained by Chickapee r., which alTni-d* good water power. The surface is hilly and rough; soil, productive, adapted to grain and to grazing. The v. is on Chickapee r., and con- tains a Congregational and a Universalist church, several manufactories, and a number of dwell- ings. The Worcester and Springfield railroad passes through it across the t. along the r. Iron ore is found. There are in ihe t.6 stores, cap. $14,400 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 3 cotton fac. 5,500 sp., 1 forge, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $22,700. 10 sch. 373 scholars. Pop. 1,290. Warren, p-t., Litchfield co., Ct., 8 w. Litch- field, 48 w. Hartford, 321 W. Watered by yhepaug r., a branch of Housatonic r. Raumaug pond lies on its s. border. The surface is hilly and mountainous; soil, gravelly loam, adapted to grazing. It contains a Congregational and a Baptist church. Incorporated in 1786. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 2 (brges, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 acad. 17 students, 7 sch. 257 scholars. Pop. 872. Warren, p-t., Bristol co., R. L, 14 s. e. Pro- vidence, 414 W. Situated on the e. side of Narraganset bay. The surlace is undulating ; soil, a fertile mold. The v. is pleasantly situa- ted in the s. e. part of the t. on elevated ground, and has a good harbor, admitiing vessels of 300 tons. There are 13 wharves with convenient storehouses. It contains 2 churche.s — 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist — an academy, a bank, and about 200 dwellings. It has considerable ship- building. Incorporated in 1746. There are in the t. 7 commercial and com. houses, cap. $184,000; 22 stores, cap. $60,500; 4 acad. 270 Students, 7 sch. 195 scholars. Pop. 2,437. Warren, p-t., Herkimer co., N. VT., 64 n. w. Albany, 375 W. 'I'he surface is hilly ; soil, sandy and clay loam, well adapted to grazing and to grain. Drained by Nowadaga cr., flowing into Mohawk r. Little Lake v. is in its s. part. It has 7 stores, cap. $18,400; 3 fulling m., 2 woollen fac. 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 6 saw in. Cap. in manufac. $31,395. 10 sch. 495 scholars. Pop. 2,003. Warren, t., Somerset co., N. J., 6 n. e. Somer- ville. The surface is hilly and mountainous ; soil, stiff clay and sandy loam. Watered by Middle Brook. It contains copper ore, and some old has been found. It has 5 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 4 distilleries, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manu fac $17,000. 4 sch. 85 scholars. Pop. 1,601. Warren, p-b., capital of Warren co , Pa., 205 N. w. Harrisburg, 297 W. Situated on the n, side of AUeghany r., at the junction of Conewan- go cr. The streets cross each other at right angles, dividing the whole into 16 blocks, with 500 lots, one third of an aero each. Near the centre, at the intersection of 2 streets 100 feet wide each, is a public ground of 4 lots, each con- taining 1 acre for public buildings. It contains a court house, jail, fire-proof county offices of stone, an academy, 5 stores, a bank, 3 churches, 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., and about 100 dwellings. The bank of the r. is here 35 feet high, commanding a fine view of the stream above and below the v. It has 14 stores, cap. $12,.500; 1 fulling m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers, 1 flouring m., 2 grist m., 4 saw m Cap. in manufac. $24,000. 1 acad. 50 students, 3 sch. 90 scholars. Pop. 737. Warren, t., Franklin co.. Pa., 21 s. w. Cham- bersburg. The surface is mountainous ; soil, calcareous loam and slate. Drained by Little Cove cr., a branch of Licking cr. It has 1 store, cap. $1,600; 1 furnace, 1 forge, 1 tannery. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 2 sch. 85 scholars. Pop. 662. Warren, t., Bradford co.. Pa., 17 n. e. To- wanda. The surface is hilly; soil, gravelly loam. Drained by Wepasening cr. and its branches, flowing into Susquehanna r. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,350. 10 sch. 415 scholars. Pop. 1,3J8. Warren, p-v., Baltimore co., Md., 45 n. An- napolis, 55 W. Warren, p-v., Albemarle co., Va., 79 n. w. by w. Richmond, 145 W. Situated on the n. bank of James r., at the mouth of Ballenger's cr. It contains 1 free church, 2 stores, and about 60 inhabitants. Warren, p-t., capital of Trumbull co., O., 163 N. E. Columbus, 303 W. Situated on Mahoning r., on the Pennsylvania and Ohio canal. The town plat is 1 m. square, with streets crossing each other at right angles, and contains a court house, jail, county offices, 3 churches, 16 stores, various mechanic shops, 2 printing offices, 230 dwellings, and about 1,.503 inhabitants. There are in the t. 12 sch. 640 scholars. Pop. 1,996. Warren, t., Belmont co., O. The surface is rolling; soil, fertile, adapted to wheat, Indian corn, and tobacco. Drained by head branches Capiina and Stillwater creeks, which afford wa- ter power. It contains Barnsville v., 2 ms. w. of which is a remarkable ancient fortification, enclosing 4 or 5 acres, in a circular form, with walls at nresent not more than from 3 to 6 feet high, and 15 broad at the base, on and within which are trees, as large as those of the neigh- boring forest. There are 2 gate-ways exactly opposite to each other on opposite sides of the fort. There are in the t. 1 acad. 14 students, 4 sch. 112 scholars. Pop. 2,40i. Warren, t., Jefferson co.. O. It has 5 stores, cap. $18,000; 1 lumber yard, cap. $3,000 ; 1 tan- nery, 4 flouring m., 1 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manulac. $17,600. 5 sch. 250 scholars. Pop. 1,945. Warren, t., Tuscarawas co., O. It has 5 stores, cap, $2,600 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,700. 10 sch. 402 schol- ars. Pop. 1,173. Warren,!., Washington co., O. Situated on Ohio r., 4 ms. below Marietta. It has fine farms, and produces good fruit. It contains sandstone. WAR 695 WAR from which grindstones are manufactured. It has 8 sell. 243 scholars. Pop. 931. Warre.v, t., Macomb co., Mich. It has 2 sch. 41 scholars. Pop. 337. Warren, p-v., Bibb co., Ga., 43 s. w. 3111- ledgeville, 699 W. W.^RREN, p-v., Huntington co., la., 123 n. n. E. Indianapolis, 5S8 W. It contains about 50 in- liabitants. Warre.v, t., Marion co., la. It has 9 stores, cap. $14,:)00 ; 1 cotton fac. 500 !>p., 2 tanneries, 1 brewery, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manul'ac. $36,251). 2 sch. 69 scholars. Pop. 1,374. Warren, t., Putnam co., la. It lias 9 stores, cap. $21,530 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 distil- lery, 1 pottery, 1 flouring m., 5 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manuliic. $10,205. 6 sch. 485 schol- ars. Pop. 2,201. Warren, p-v., 3Iarion co., Mo., 105 n. n. e. Jefferson City, 940 W. Warren, t., Marion co., Mo. It has 4 sch. 95 scholars. Pop. 1,514. Warren Ferry, p-o., Bucldngham co., Va., 80 w. Richmond, 146 W. Warrenham, p-o., Bradford co., Pa., 195 n. by e. Harrisburg, 285 W. Warrensburg, p-t., Warren co., N. Y., 6 n. w. Caldwell, 6J n. Albany, 444 W. The sur- face is hilly and mountainous. Hudson r. and Schroon branch here unite, on which is very fer- tile land. The v. is situated on Schroon brancii, and contains 2 churches, 4 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 clothier's works, 1 extensive tannery, 60 dwellings, and about 401) inhabitants. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $18,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. .'^75,000. 10 sch. 405 scholars. Pop. 1,468. Warrensburg, p-v., Greene co., Tenn., 242 E. Nashville, 454 W. It contains about 78 in- habitants. Warrensburg, p-v., capital of Johnson co., Mo., 98 vv. Jefferson City. 1,034 W. Situated on Blackwaier r., above Post Oak fork. It con- tains a court house, jail, and about 250 inhabit- ants. The t. has 3 sch. 108 scholars. Pop. l,22-<. Warren Tavern, p-o., Chester co., Pa., 76 E. s. E. Harrisburg, 130 W. Warrensville, p-v., Du Page co.. 111., 180 n. N. E. Springfield, 748 W. W^ARKiNGTON, p-v.. Capital of Fauquier co., Va., 102 N. by vv. Richmond, 51 W. It contains a. court house, jail, a town hall, 3 churches — 1 Episcopal, ] Presbyterian, and 1 Methodist — several stores, a printing office, issuing a weekly newspaper, 200 dwellings, and about 1,300 in- habitants. Warrenton, p-v., capital of Warren co., N. C, 62 N. n. e. Raleigh, 224 W. Situated on the head waters of Fishing cr., and contains a court house, jail, a church, several stores, and about 675 inhabitants. Warrenton, p-v., Abbeville dist., S. C, 103 w. Columbia, 535 W. Warrenton, p-v., capital of Warren co., Ga., 44 E. N. E. Milledgeville, 626 W. It contains a court house, jail, 7 stores, 1 Methodist church, and 25 dwellings. Warrenton, p-v., capital of Marshall co., Ala., 135 N. E. Tuscaloosa, 707 W. Situated on the E. side of a branch of Tennessee r., and con- tains a court house, jail, and about 100 inhabit- ants. Warrenton, p-v., Warren t., Jefferson co., O., 13G e. by N. Columbus, 267 W. Situated on Ohio r. above the mouth of Indian Short cr. Warrenton, p-v., Gibson co., la. Warre.nton, p-v., Warren co., Miss., 50 w Jackson, 1,060 W. Situated on the E. bank of Mississippi r., and contains several stores, and about 300 inhabitants. Warrenton, p-v., capital of Warren co., Mo., 71 E. N. E. Jefferson City, 868 W. It contains a court house, jail, and about 100 inhabitants. Warrenton Springs, p-o., Fauquier co., Va., 107 N. by w. Richmond, 56 W. Warrenville, p-t., Cuyahoga co., O., 154 N. N. E. Columbus, 351 W. Drained by a branch of Cuyahoga r., and small streams flowing into Lake Erie. It has 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in nianufac. $3,000. 9 sch. 278 scholars. Pop. 1,082. Warrick, county, la. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 360 sq. ms. Ohio r. bounds it on the s. Drained by Big and Little Pigeon creeks. The surface is rolling ; soil, fer- tile. Capital, Booneville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,400, sheep 5,400, swine 1,820 ; wheat 20,500 bush, produced, Ind. corn 250,800, oats 32,500, potatoes 20,000, tobacco 516,000 pounds ; 20 stores, cap. $20,000 ; 6 tanneries, 6 distilleries, 2 flouring m., 10 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,000. 22 sch. 710 scholars. Pop. 6,321. Warrington, p-t., Bucks co.. Pa., 104 e. Harrisburg, 15:* W. It has 1 grist m. Cap. in manufac. .$1,950. 3 sell. 88 scholars. Pop. 637. Warrington, t., York co.. Pa. It has 3 stores, cap. $4,800 ; 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 2 grist ra., 4 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $12,500. Warrior Bridge, p-o., Washington co., Ala., 133 s. s. w. Tuscaloosa, 950 W. Warrior Mark, p-t., Huntingdon co., Pa., 103 w. Harrisburg, 171 W. The surface is moun- tainous ; soil, in the valleys, calcareous loam. In the w. part are Alleghany mountain and Bald Eagle ridge. Drained by Juniata and Bald Eagle cr. The v. near the n. line, contains 2 stores, and about 25 dwellings. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $27,150; 1 furnace, 2 tan- neries, 2 distilleries, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $24,100. 9 sch. 500 scholars. Pop. 1,689. Warrior Run, po., Northumberland co.. Pa. Warsaw, p-t., capital of Wyoming co., N. Y., 251 w. Albany, 363 W. The surface is partly hilly, with a fertile valley, through which flows Allen's cr. ; soil, clay loam and very lertile. The V. is situated on Allen's cr., and contains a court house, jail, county clerk's office, 4 churches — 2 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — 6 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 woollen fac., 2 furnaces, 1 machine shop, 1 tannery, 100 dwellings, and about 800 inliabitanLs. There are in the t. 9 stores, cap. $35,000; 3 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 4 saw in. Cap. in manufac. $43,100. 2 acad. 80 students, 25 sch. 1,068 scholars. Pop. 2,841. Warsaw, p-t., Jefferson co.. Pa., 163 n. w. Harrisburg, 260 W. DrL.ined by a branch of Bank cr., which flows into Alleghany r. Warsaw, p-v., capital of Richmond co., Va., 58 N. E. Richmond, 117 W. It contains a court house, jail, county clerk's office, 1 female semi- nary, 1 Episcopal church, 2 stores, and about 125 inhabitant.s. It is 3 ms. from the navigable wa- ters of Rappahannock r. Warsaw, p-v., Duplin co., N. C, 80 s. s. e. Raleigh, 310 W. Warsaw, p-v., Gwinnett co., Ga., 97 n. w. Milledgeville, 668 W. Situated on the e. side of Chattahoochee r. Warsaw, p o., Coshocton co., O., 83 N. E. by E. Columbus, 340 W. WAR 696 WAS Warsaw, p-v., capital of Gallatin co., Ky., 51 N. N. w. Frankfort, fjlio W. Situated on the s. side of Ohio r., and contains a court house, jail, county clerk's office, 2 steam m. and fac, and 60J inhabitants. Warsaw, p-v., capital of Kosciusko co., la., 126 N. by E. Indianapolis, 603 W. Situated on the E. side of Tippecanoe r., and contains a court house, jail, and 101) inhabitants. Warsaw, p-v.. Hancock co.. 111., 114 w. N. w. Springfield, 892 W. Situated on the e. side of Mississippi r., at the foot of the Des Moines rapids. It contains several stores, a steam m., and about 800 inhabitants. It is near the site of old Fort Edwards. Warsaw, p-v., capital of Benton co.. Mo., 80 s. w. by w. Jefferson City, 1,016 W. Situated on the N. side of Osage r., and contains a court house, jail, 10 stores, 2 tanneries, and about 400 inhabitants. Warthen's Store, p-o., Washington co., Ga., 37 s. E. Milledgeville, 665 W. War Traceville, p-o., Bedford co., Tenn., 51 s. s. E. Nashville, 682 W. Warwick, couniy, Va. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and contains 95 sq. ras. James r. bounds it on the s. w. It occupies the s. w. part of the peninsula between James and York rivers. Capital, Warwick C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 1,573, sheep 973, swine 3,926 ; wheat 10,901 bush, produced, Ind. corn 45,975, oats 8,698, potatoes 1,705, cotton 938 pounds; 7 commission houses ; 25 stores, cap. $63,000 ; 1 cotton fac. 1,664 sp., 1 tannery, 2 flouring m., 11 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $218,300. 2 sch. 52 scholars. Pop. whites 604, slaves 831, free col'd 21 ; total, 1,456. Warwick, p-t., Franklin co., Mass., 79 w. n. W. Boston, 420 W. The surface is elevated and uneven, containing an elevated summit denom- inated Grace mountain ; soil, strong and fertile, well adapted to grazing. It contains a Unitarian and a Congregational church. It has no consid- erable streams. A small branch of Miller's r. rises in its s. e. part. Incorporated in 1763. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,500 ; 1 fulling m., 3 tanner- ies, 2 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac, $6,600. 1 acad. 42 students, 11 sch. 371 scholars. Pop. 1,071. Warwick, p-t., Kent co., R. I., 11 s. w. Provi- dence, 401 W. The surface is level on the e., elevated and hilly on the w. ; .=oil, gravelly loam, strong and productive. Watered by Pavvtuxet r., which affords good water power. It has sev- eral good harbors, the principal of which is Ap- ponaug, on a branch of Narraganset bay in its s. part, which admits vessels of from 20 to 50 tons. The V. contains a Baptist church, an academy, a bank, and about 60 dwellings. The fisheries of Narraganset buy are valuable. Pawtuxet v., at the mouth of Pawtuxet r., lies partly in Cranston t.. Providence co., and contains a Congregational and a Baptist church, the latter in Cranston, and is a large manufacturing v. Within a m. of the V. of Apponaug is a huge rock, so balanced upon another rock, that a boy of 14 years of age can move it, making a noise like a drum, and hence called Drum rock. It is a great natural curiosity. There are in t. 63 stores, cap. $152,000; 3 lum- ber yards, cap. $9,000 ; 2 woollen fac, 2S cotton fac. 73,011 sp., 2 tanneries, 8 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,252,200. 5 acad. 186 stu- dents, 36 sch. 1,320 scholars. Pop. 6,726. Warwick, p-t., Orange co., N. Y., 24 s. w. Newburg, 111 s. s. w. Albany, 268 W. The sur- face is uneven and mountainous ; soil, generally fertile. On the w. is a portion of the " Drowned Lands." Drained by Wallkill r., and on the ^, by tributaries of Passaic r. The v. contains 1 Reformed Dutch and 1 Baptist church, 6 stores, 1 tannery, 70 dwellings, and about 450 inhabit- ants. There are in the t. 16 stores, cap. $29,700; 4 lumber yards, cap. $12,000; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 15 distilleries, 8 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $44,650. 1 acad. 147 students, 20 sch. 1,034 scholars. Pop. 5,113. Warwick, t., Bucks co., Pa., 5 s. e. Doyles- town, 21 N. Philadelphia. The surface is hilly ; soil, sandy loam and gravel. Drained by Nislia- miny cr. It contains a church in the s. w. part, and several small villages. It has 3 stores, cap. $4,500 ; 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 3 saw m., 2 oil m. Cap, in manufac. $7,775. 2 sch. 5S scho- lars. Pop. 1,259. Warwick, t., Lancaster co., Pa., 9 n. Lancas- ter. The surface is rolling; soil, calcareous loam, clay, and gravel. Draiited by Great Chiques, Hanmer, Cocalico, and Marovia creeks. It has 12 stores, cap. $5,(J00 ; 4 tanneries, 6 distilleries, 1 brewery, 1 pottery, 2 flouring m., 10 grist m., 7 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $33,316. 1 acad. 104 students, 1 sch. 35 scholars. Pop. 3,725. Warwick, p-v., Cecil co., Md., 15 s. Elkton, 73 N. N. e. Annapolis, 107 W. Warwick, t., Tuscarawas co., O., 7 south- wardly New Philadelphia, and contains Trenton V. It has 4 stores, cap. $6,000; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $14,400. 7 sch. 320 scholars. Pop. 864. Warwick, p-v., capital of Warwick co., Va., 79 E. s. E. Richmond, 194 W. It contains a court house, jail, 1 store, and a few dwellings, and about 25 inhabitants. Wasubourn Prairie, p-o., Barry co.. Mo., - 220 s. w. Jefferson City, 1,135 W. Washbl'rnville, p-o., Macomb t., St. Law- rence CO., N. Y., 18:^ N. N. w. Albany, 457 W. Washi.^gto.v, couniy. Me. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 3,500 sq. ms. St. Croix r. separates it from New Brunswick on the E., and the Atlantic bounds it on the s. Drained by Machias, Pleasant, and Narraquagus rivers. It abounds with lakes and ponds. 'The Schoodic lakes are a collection of several wtiich are extensive. The Atlantic sl>ore is indented with numerous bays, affording many flne harbors. Capital, Machias. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 12,021, sheep 20,561, swine 4,S27 ; wheat 20,871 bush, produced, rye 2,621, Ind. corn 394, buckwheat 3,218, barley 5,914, oats 22,111, pota- toes 410,868, sugar 1,338 pounds; 3 commercial houses, cap. $370,000; 168 stores, cap. $460,165; 16 lumber yards, cap. $9-1.300; 50,000 bu*h. do- mestic salt produced ; 3 fulling m., 1 furnace, 14 tanneries, 36 grist m., 159 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $726,214. 2 acad. 191 students, 211 sch. ),273 scholars. Pop. 28,327. Washington, county, R. I. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 367 sq. ms. The Atlantic bounds it on the s., and Narragan- set bay on the E. Drained by Pawcaluck r. and its branches, the principal of which are Wood and Charles rivers, which afford good water power. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil, a strong gravelly loam, well adapted to grazing. It has several good haibors. Capital, North Kingston. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,741, sheep 35,136, swine 8,399; wheat 1,128 bush, produced, rye 6,267, Ind. corn 113,59), buckwheat 446, barley 12,590, oats 69,317, pota- toes 257,731 ; 80 stores, cap. $114,250; 6 lumber WAS 697 WAS yards, cap $14,300 ; 16 fulling m., 25 woollen iac, 23 cotton fac. '23,666 sp., 10 tanneries, 28 grist m., 21 saw m., 1 priming office. Cap. in manufac. $771,610. 6 acad. 270 students, TJ sch. 7-12 scholars. Pop. 14,321. Washington, county, Vt. Situated near the centre of the state, and contains 425 sq. ms. The surface is very uneven ; soil, generally fertile. Drained by Onion, or Winooski r., and numerous branches. Organized in 1810, by the name of Jefferson county, which was changed to Wash- ington in 1814. The road from Lake Champlain through Montpelier to Coiniecticut river, though passing tln-ough the Green mountains, has few heavy hills, though the mountains tower on its sides. Capital, Montpelier. There were in 1840, neat cattle 25,415, sheep 110,872, swine 12,150; wheat 44,110 bush, produced, rye 5,763, Indian corn 63,108, buckwheat 23,066, barley 4,028, oats 200,294, potatoes 698,745, hops 7,^59 pounds, su- gar 451,348; 45 stores, cap. $216,750; 1 furnace, 32 fulling m., 3 woollen iac, 10 tanneries, 6 flour- ing m., 35 grist m., 85 saw m., 5 oil m., 1 paper fac, 6 printing offices, 1 periodical, 2 daily, 6 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $464,252. 2 acad. 231 students, 196 .schools 6,866 scholars. Pop. 23,506. Washington, county, N. Y. Situated in the E. toward the n. part of the state, and contains 807 sq. miles. Hudson r. bounds it on the w., Lake George on the n. w., and the s. part of Lake Champlain par'ly on the E. The surface is hilly on the N., undulating on the s. ; soil, gene- rally warm and productive. Watered by Hoo- sick and BattenkiU rs., flowing into Hudson r., and Pawlet and Poultney rs. and Wood cr., flow- ing into Lake Champlain. The Champlain canal passes through the county, terminating n. at Whitehall on the lake. Capitals, Sandy Hill and Salem. There were in 1840, neat cattle 39,159, sheep 210,610, swine 27,663 ; wheat 49,189 bush, produced, rye 136,510, Indian corn 297,405, buckwheat 32,642, barley 9,569, oats 448,064, potatoes 851,545, sugar 4,246 pounds ; 140 stores, cap. .$427,900 ; I furnace, 3 forges, 15 fulling m., 13 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 3,144 sp., 19 tanneries, 1 powder m., 2 potteries, 2 flouring m., 31 grist m., 93 saw m., 4 printing offices, 4 weekly newspapers. Cap. in nianuliic $257,718. 10 acad. 482 students, 205 schools 7,526 scholars. Pop. 41,080. Washington, county, Pa. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 1,000 sq. miles. JMonongahela r. bounds it on the e., by branches of which, and by liacoon and Buffalo and other creeks, it is drained. The surface is elevated, uneven, and broken ; soil, fertile. Bituminous coal is abundant. Capital, Washington. There were in 1840, neat cattle 35,344, sheep 222,631, swine 54,285 ; wheat 666,200 bushels produced, rye 38,157, Ind. corn 653,692, buckwheat 29,368, barley 11,913, oats 1,862,528, potatoes 581,569, sugar 56,032 pounds; 120 stores, cap. $481,800 ; 3 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 30 tanneries, 18 dis- tilleries, 2 glass lac, 2 potteries, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers, 25 flouring m., 66 grist m., 72 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $279,005. 2 col- leges, 34L( students, 6 acad. 175 studerns, 170 sch. 6,4.(0 scholars. Pop. 41,279. Washington, county, Md. Situated toward the w. part of the state, and contains 440 sq, ms. Potomac r. bounds it on the s. and s. w. Drained by Antictam, Conecocheague, and other creeks, flowing into the Potomac. The surface is partly mountainous and broken ; soil, fertile, particular- ly in the valleys and on the streams. Capital, Hagerstown. There were in 18 tO, neat cattle 83 15,841, sheep 15,798, swine 35,418 ; wheat 668,787 bush, produced, rve 111,829, Ind. corn 655,041, buckwheat 1,864, barley 268, oats 436,864, pota- toes 75,783 ; 2 commission houses, cap. $4,000 ; 96 stores, cap. $360,250. 1 furnace, 2 forges, 7 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 20 tanneries, 16 distil- leries, 3 breweries, 3 potteries, 1 rope factory, 52 flouring m., 9 grist m., 43 saw ra., 1 oil ra., 6 printing offices, 5 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $421,188. 2 acad. 95 students, 53 sch. 1,823 scholars. Pop. whites 24,724, slaves 2.536, free col'd 1,580; total, 28,850. Washington, county, Va. Situated in the g.- w. part of the state, and contains 764 sq. miles.- Drained by New r., and branches of Great Ka- nawha r., and by branches of Clinch r. The Blue Ridge runs on its n. w. border. The surface is mostly valleys between mountain ridges ; soil, fertile in the valleys. Capital, Abingdon. There were in 1840, neat cattle 13,810, sheep 18,530, swine 32,450 ; wheat 106,750 bushels produced, rye 8,116, Indian corn 397,476, buckwheat 4,236, barley 1,168, oats 295,770, potatoes 60,180, sugar 62,740 pounds ; 9 stores, cap. $304,000 ; 9 tanner- ies, 103 distilleries, 2 powder m., 40 grist m., 36' saw in., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. .$43,331. 1 college 150 students, 18 sch. 551 scholars. Pop. whites 11,731, slaves 2,058, free col'd 212; total, 13,001. Washington, county, i\. C. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 360 sq. ms. Ro- anoke r. and Albemarle sound bound it on the n. The surface is level, low, and in part swampy. Phelps lake lies in its e. part. Capital, Plymouth. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,'.>28, sheep 2, 125, swine 9,319 ; wheat 8,707 bush, produced, rye 165, Ind. corn 155,023, oats 4,349, potatoes 19,6/2, rice 6,050 pounds, cotton 79,9 i5; 1 commercial and 2 commission houses, cap. $32,000 ; 13 stores, cap. $62,000 ; 13 distilleries, 3 flouring m., 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $33,700. 2 sch.- 38 scholars. Pop. whites 2,639, slaves 1,727, free col'd 159 ; total, 4,525. Washington, county, Ga. Situated e. of the' centre of the state, and contains 760 square ms. Ogeechee r. bounds it on the n. e., and Oconee r. on the s. w., by branches of which it is drain- ed. The soil is various, but generally in-difTeient. Capital, Sandersville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,8u6, sheep 4,439, swine 26,426; wheat 20,066 bushels produced, rye 1,274, Indian corn 293,747, oats 2,639, potatoes ].'>,677, cotton- 1,190,7/0 pounds; 17 stores, cap. $43,000 ; 29 dis- tilleries, 2 flouring m., 18 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,600. 5 acad. 153 students, 8 sch. 103 scliolars. Pop. wliites 5,962, slaves 4,566, free col'd 37 ; total, 10,565. Washingtoj^, county, P'lor. Situated toward the w. part of the territory, and contains 1,5J0 .sq. ms. The Gulf of Mexico bounds it on the s. w., and Choctawhatchee r. on the w., by branch- es of which, and by Econfina r., it is drained. It contains the fine bay of St. Andrews, on the banks of which is a large amount of live oak. The soil along the seashore is generally poor, but there is some good land in the county. Capi- tal, Roche's Bluff'. There were in 1S40, neat cattle 4,601, sheep 52, swine 2,637; Indian corn 24,965 bush, produced, potatoes 5,365, rice 2,10J pounds, cotton 176,120, sugar 4,170; 5 grist m., 3 acad. 52 students, 5 schools 108 sclwlars. Pop, whiles 504, slaves 353, free col'd 2 ; total, 859. Washington, county, Ala. Situated toward the s. w. part of the st;ite, and contains 810 sq. miles. Torabigbce river bounds it on the e., by branches of wliich, and by Escatawpa creek, it is drained. Capital, BaiTyton. There were in WAS 698 WAS 1840, neat i-attle 20,361, sheep 2,221, swine 14,083 ; wheat 386 bush, produced, rye 360, Ind. corn 132,049, barley 28, oats '2,',i-i,i, potatoes 2;{,934, cotton 3j5,74S pounds ; 8 stores, capital $14,900; 2 tanneries, 2 potteries, 10 grist m., 4 saw m., 14 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $33,5U0. 12 schools 201 scholars. Fop. whites 2,843, slaves 2,431, free col'd 23 ; total, 5,300. Washingto.v, county, Miss. Situated in the w. part of the state, anil contains 2,420 sq. miles. Mississippi r. bounds it on the w., and Vazoo r. partly on the e. Drained by Sunflower r. and its branches. Capital, Princeton. There were produced in 1840, cotton 15,100,400 pounds. Pop. whites 654, slaves 6,627, free colored 6 ; total, 7,287. Washington, parish, La. Situated in the e. part of the staie, and contains 792 sq. ms. Pear! r. bounds it on the e., and Tangiapao r. runs on its w. border. Drained by Boguecliitto and Chi- functe rs. The soil is generally sterile, covered with pine. Cotton is produced. Capital, Frank- liiiton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,000, sheep 1,050, swine 14,250; Ind. corn 98,79Q bush, produced, oats 59,000, potatoes 9,850, rice 251,250 pounds, cotton 373,200 ; 8 stores, cap. $40,000 ; 1 cotton fac. 6 sp., 1 tannery, 1 1 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $245,575. 2 acad. 70 stu- dents, 2 schools 5'J scholars. Pop. whites 1,855, slaves 791, free col'd 2; total, 2,649. Washington, county, Tean. Situated in the E. part of the state, and contains 5J0 .square ms. Drained by Nolachucky r. and its branches. A branch of HoUton river runs on its n. e. border. Capital, Joncsboro'. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,663, sheep 12,032, swine 70,326 ; wheat 121,424 bushels produced, rye 3,082, Indian corn 330,599, oats 165,758, potatoes 13,936, tobacco 15,162 poimds; 18 stores, cap. $130,500; 2 fur- naces, 8 forges, 11 tanneries, 55 distilleries, 6 flouring m., 27 grist m., 28 saw m., 3 oil m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $18,595. 1 college 10 students, 1 acad. 34 students, 18 sch. 380 scholars. Pop. whites 10,600, slaves 915, free col'd 236; total, 11,751. Washingion, county, Ky. Situated a little N. of the centre of the state, and contains 475 sq. ms. Chaplin's fork of Salt r. runs on its n. bor- der, by branches of which it is drained. Capital, Springfield. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,955, sheep 9,966, swine 28,200 ; wheat 27,350 bush, produced, rye 21,433, Indian corn 231,730, oats 28,72J, potatoes 7,088, tobacco 72,000 pounds ; 16 stores, cap. $37,900; 6 tanneries, 29 distiller- ies, 1 1 breweries, 2 flouring m., 30 grist m., 7 saw rn. Cap. in manufac. $15,012. 1 acad. 80 stu- dents, 22 sch. 636 scholars. Pop. whites 7,900, slaves 2,638, free col'd 38; total, 10,596. Washington, county, O. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 713 square miles. Ohio r. runs on its whole s. e. border. Drained by Muskingum and Little Muskingum rivers, and Duck, Wolf, Little Hockhocking, Cat's, and Bear creeks. The surface is hilly and broken, except- ing alluvial tracts on the Ohio and Muskingum rivers ; soil, adapted to grazing and to fruit. Salt and iron ore have been found. Bituminous coal is abundant on the Big and Little Muskingum rs., and on the latter carburetted hydrogen gas issues in many places, which is easily ignited, and burns for several successive days. It was the first or- ganized county in the slate. Capital, Marietta. There were in 1810, neat cattle 12,122, sheep 34,790, swine 17,399 ; wheat 160,650 bush, pro- duced, Ind. corn 320,471, buckwheat 1,454, oats 147,210, potatoes 98,362, tobacco 11,390 pounds, sugar 11,996; 58 stores, cap. $99,587; 2 fulling m., 10 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 41 grist m., 60 saw m., 1 oil m., 3 printing offices, 3 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $148,055. 1 college 100 students, 1 acad. 53 students, 107 sch. 4,476 scholars. Pop. 20,823. Washington, county, la. Situated toward the s. part of the state, and contains 540 sq. ms. The surface is diversified ; soil, fertile, and easy of cultivation. Muscatatack r. runs on its n. bound- ary. Drained by Blue r., and Rush, Twin, De- lany, and Elk crs. The macadamized road from New Albany to Crawfordsville, is located through the county. Organized in 1813. Capital, Salem. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,434, sheep, 17,247, swine 21,621 ; wheat 52,5)8 bushels pro- duced, rye 1,830, Ind. corn 164,401, oats 50,047, potatoes 10,751, tobacco 71,161 pounds ; 30 stores, cap. $61,000 : 2 cotton fac. 564 sp., 22 tanneries, 8 flouring m., 32 grist m., 37 saw m., 1 oil m., 3 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $105,575. 2 acad. 96 students, 19 sch. 519 scholars. Pop. whites 15,076, colored 193; total, 15,269. Washington, county. 111. Situated toward the .s. part of the state, and contains 6.56 sq. ms. Kaskaskia r. runs on its n. w. boundary. Drain- ed by Elkhorn, Beaucoup, and Muddy creeks. The surface is level and wet ; soil, indifferent. It has considerable prairie in its s. part. Capital, Nashville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 10,360, sheep 3,300, swine 18,990 ; wheat 28,540 bush, produced, Ind. com 272,990, oats 61,(t80, potatoes 7,175; 5 stores, cap. $56,000. Cap. in manufactures $930. 14 sch. 299 scholars, l^op. 4,810. Washington, county, Wis. Situated in the E. part of the territory, and contains 675 sq. ms. Michigan lake bounds it on the e. Drained by Milwaukie and Menomonee rs. Capital, Wash- ington. Tiiere were in 1810, neat cattle 277, sheep 1, swine 23i ; wheat 182 bush, produced, Indian corn 553, oats 165, potatoes 2,150, sugar 4,659 pounds ; 3 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $2,500. 1 sch. 7 scholars. Pop. 343. Washington, county, Iowa. Situated in the w. toward the s. part of the territory, and con- tains 648 sq. ms. Drained by Iowa r., and Long and Crooked crs., and by a branch of Checauque or Skunk r. The climate is healthy ; soil, fer- tile. Capital, Washington. There were in 1340, neat cattle 630, sheep 39, swine 864 ; wheat 2,210 bush, produced, Indian corn 100,055, oats 2,155, potatoes 1,337; 5 stores, capital $3,900; 2 saw m. Pop. 1,394. Washington, county. Mo. Situated toward the s. E. part of the state, and contains 820 sq. miles. The surface is hilly and broken; soil, in some parts, fertile. Watered by Big river and its tributaries, which afford water power, and by head branches of Big Black and St. Francis rs. It contains the celebrated " Iron mountain," which is a mass of magnetic iron ore, so pure in quality as to yield from 70 to 80 per cent, under the ordinary process of converting ore into mal- leable iron. Capital, Potosi. There were in 1810, neat cattle 9,573, sheep 5,618, swine 19,420; wiieat 34,933 bush, produced, Ind. corn 26S,285, buckwheat 3,860, oats 50,344, potatoes 4,743, to- bacco 5,443 pounds, sugar 10,227 ; 16 stores, cap. $75,100; 1 furnace, 1 lorge, 3 tanneries, 1 distil- lery, 1 pottery, 5 grist m., 4 saw m. Capital in manufac. $28,(^50. 1 acad. 83 students, 13 sch. 339 scholars. Pop. whiles 6,248, slaves 923, free col'd 42 ; total, 7,231. Washington, county, Ark. Situated in the N. w. part of the state, and contains 900 sq. ms. Ozark mountains lie on its n. border. Drained WAS 699 WAS by a head branch of White r. Capital, Fayette- ville. There were in 18i0, neat cattle 11,734, sheep 7,947, swine 35,829 ; wheat 16,3S4 bushels produced, Ind. corn 380,490, oats 47,368, potatoes 24,-36 1, tobacco 6,070 pounds, cotton 18,685 ; 32 stores, cap. $273,200 ; 1 cotton fac. 84 sp., 9 tan- neries, 7 distilleries, 4 flouring m., 12 grist m., 8 saw m., 1 printing office. Cap. in manufactures $63,610. 2 acad. 75 students, 13 sch. 358 schol- ars. Pop. whites 6,246, slaves 883, free colored 19; total, 7,148. Washington, p-t., Lincoln co., Me., 31 e. Au- gusta, 619 W. Drained by branches of Uama- risootta and Muscongus rivers. It contains a number of ponds. Incorporated in 1811, by the name of Putnam. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,350. 12 sch. 645 scholars. Pop. 1,600. Washingtoiv, p-t., Sullivan co., N. H., 33 w. Concord, 473 W. Sunapee mountain lies in its N. part. Drained by head branches of Ashuelot and Contoocook rivers, issuing from ponds. Long pond, in its s. part, is a considerable body of wa- ter. Incorporated in 1766. It has 3 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,557. 4 sch. 363 scholars. Pop. 1,103. Washington, p-t., Orange co., Vt., 15 s. e. Montpelier, 512 W. Watered by jail branch of W^inooski or Onion r., and by branches of Wait/s and White rivers. The soil is generally fertile, and adapted to grain and to grazing. It contains 2 churches, and has a small v. on Jail branch. Chartered by New York, in 1780, by the name of Kingland. There are in the t., 3 stores, capital $6,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,750. 20 sch. 517 scholars. Pop. 1,359. Washington, p-t., Berkshire co., Mass., 128 vv. Boston, 392 W. The surface is uneven ; .soil, well adapted to grazing. Watered by branches of Weslfield and Housatonic rivers. It contains a Methodist church in its e. part. The Springfield and Albany railroad passes through it. It lias 1 grist m., H saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,900. 8 sch. 184 scholars. Pop. 991. Washington, p-t., Litcltfield co., Ct., 47 w. s. w. Hartford, 320 W. The surface is elevated ; soil, adapted to grazing. Watered by Shepaug r., a branch of Housatonic r. The principal v., on Shepaug r., contains a Congregational, an Episcopal, and a Methodist church. Marble, iron, ore, and limestone are found. Incorporated in 1779. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. $21,500; 2 fulling m., 1 cotton fac. 1,664 sp., 1 furnace, 3 forges, 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $25,050. 1 acad., 20 stu- dents, 10 sch. 418 scholars. Pop. 1,622. Washington, p-t., Dutchess co., N. Y., 12 e. Poughkeepsie, 79 s. by e. Albany, 314 W. The surface is rolling and hilly ; soil, gravel, clay, and calcareous loam, well cultivated and pro- ductive. Drained by Wappinger's cr., and a branch of Ten Mile cr. Matteawan mountains lie in its e. part. It has 6 stores, cap. $17,500 ; 3 cotton fac. 1,848 sp., 2 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $157,400. 8 sch. 326 scholars. Pop. 2,833. Washington, t., Bergen co., N. J. It has Hackensack r. on the e.. and Saddle r. on the w. boundary It has 6 stores, cap. $7,900 ; 3 tan- neries, 1 distillery, 6 grist m., 14 saw m. Cap. in mrnufac. $5,200. 4 sch. 135 scholars. Pop. 1,833. Washington, t., Burlington co., N. J., 22 s. Woodbury. The surface is level ; soil, sandy. Drained by Little Egg Harbor r. and its branches. It has 4 stores, cap. $10,000 ; 2 furnaces, 1 paper fac, 5 grist m., 8 saw. Cap. in mannfacturea $76,000. 8 sch. 470 scholars. Pop. 1,630. Washingto.v, t. Gloucester co., N. J., 12 w. Woodbury. The surface is level ; soil, sandy, mixed with some loam, and light. Drained by Pensauken and Cooper's creeks, and several branches of Atsion r. Shell marl is found in the neighborhood of Long-a-coming v. It contains an Episcopal church. It has 6 stores, capital $4,800 ; 1 woollen fac, 1 glass house, 1 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $104,250. 4 sch. 131 scholars. Pop. 1,515. W^ASHiNGTON, t., Morris co., N. J., 18 w. Mor- ristown. The surface is mountainous, having Schooley's mountain in its w. part, near the s. e. border it is hilly ; soil, fertile, with good cultiva- tion. Drained by the s. branch of Raritan r. The mineral springs and hotels on Schooley's moun- tain are a favorite summer resort. The v. is sit- uated on the s. branch of Raritan r., and contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Lutheran church, 1 store, and about 20 dwellings. There are in the t. 17 stores, cap. $77,300 ; 3 lumber yards, cap. $20,000; 1 forge, 1 tannery, 1 brewery, 4 flouring m., 6 grist m., 8 saw m., 4 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $127,900. 15 sch. 753 scholars. Pop. 2,451. Washington, p-b., capital of Washington co., Pa., 209 w. Harrisburg, 236 W. It contains a court house, jail, 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Associate Reformed, 1 Methodist Episcopal, and 1 Cumberland Presbyterian — a female seminary, a number of stores, a steam woollen fac, and 2,062 inhabitants. It is the seat of Washington Col- lege, founded as an academy in 1787, chartered as a college in 1806, has a president and 5 pro- fessors or other instructors, 224 alumni, 59 stu- dents, and 3,300 vols, in its libraries. The com- mencement is on the last Wednesday in Sep- tember. It has 23 stores, cap. $73,400 ; I tan- nery, 1 pottery, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly news- papers, 1 saw m. Cap. in manufic. $42,450. 1 college, 159 students, 1 acad. 100 students, 7 sch. 300 scholars. Pop. 2,062. Washington, t., Luzerne co.. Pa. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,500 ; 1 fulling m., 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,400. 4 sch. 128 schol- ars. Pop. 1,255. Washington, t., Berks co.. Pa. It has 4 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 1 forge, 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 3 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $4,000. Pop. 1,210. Washington, t., Franklin co.. Pa., lis. w. Chambersburg. South Mountain covers the e. boundary. Drained by 2 branches of Antictam cr. It has 7 stores, cap. $4S,500; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 7 distilleries, 1 brewery, 2 potteries, 6 flouring in., 1 grist m., 14 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $3d,S00. 10 sch. 310 scholars. Pop. 2,404. Washington, t., York co.. Pa. It has 3 stores, cap. $6,000 ; 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 4 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $22,550. Pop. I,2i6. Washingto.n, t., Fayette co., Pa. It has 9 stores, cap. $25,500 ; 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 paper fac, 1 grist m., 5 saw in. Cap. in manu- fac $12,2S5. 4 .sch. 160 scholars. Pop. 1,515. Washington, t., Cambria co.. Pa. Drained by a branch of Kiskiminetas cr. It has 5 stores, cap. $15,000 ; 1 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac $4,100. 6 sch. 210 scholars. Pop. 1,266. Washington, t., Erie co.. Pa. Drained by head brandies of French cr. It has 2 saw ni. Cap. in manufac. $13,500. 15 sch. 700 scholars. Pop. 1,551. WvsHiNGTON, t, Greene co.. Pa. Drained by branches of Ten Mile cr. It has 3 distilleries, 2 WAS 700 WAS grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,180. 7 sch. 155 scholars. Pop. 936. Washington, t., Indiana co.. Pa. Tiie sur- face is iiilly ; soil, clay. Drained by Crooked cr. and its branches, and by Plum cr. It has 3 store.s, cap. $3,700 ; 2 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 5 grist m., 4 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $14,375. 1 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 1,893. Washington, t., Jefier.son co., Pa. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Pop. 367. Washington, t., Westmoreland co., Pa., 16 n. Greensburg. The surface is mountainous ; soil, caktareous loam and clay, and some of it fertile. Drained by White Deer Hole and Black Hole creeks. It has 4 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 5 grist m., 7 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $11,500. 10 sch. 300 scholars. Pop. 2,004. Washington Citv, Dist. of Columbia, the capital of the United States, is situated on the e. side of the Potomac, 295 miles from the ocean, by the course of the river and bay, and is in 3:^° 3i' 54" N. kit. and 77° 1' 48" w. Ion. from Green- wich. It is 38 miles s. w. from Baltimore ; 136 from Philadelphia; 2'25 from New York; 432 from Boston; 856 from St. Louis; 514 from Charleston, S. C. ; 662 from Savannah, Ga. ; 1,203 from New Orleans. 'J'he population in 1800, was 3.210; in 1810, 8,20S ; in 1820. 13,247; in 1830, 18,827 ; in 1840, 23,364. Employed in commerce, 103 ; in manufactures and trades, 8S6 ; navigating the ocean, 45 ; do. rivers and canals, 25 ; learned professions, 83. The city stands on a point of land between the Potomac and the Anacostia or Eastern branch. The city contains a little over 8 square miles, and upwards of 5,000 acres. The ground is in general about 40 feet above the level of the river, and there are some moderate elevations, on two of which stand the Capitol and the President's house. The city is regularly laid out in streets running north and south, and crossed by others at right angles, running east and west. But the differ- ent parts of the city are connected by broad ave- nues, which traverse the rectangular divisions, diagonally. Where the intersection of these avenues with each other and with the streets would form many acute angles, consider;vble rectangular or circular open grounds are left, which, when the city shall be built up, will give it an open appearance. The avenues and streets leading to public places are from 120 to 160 feet wide, and the other streets arc from 70 to 110 feet wide. The avenues are named after the states of the Union, and the other streets, beijin- ning at the Capitol, are denoted by the letters of the alphabet, as A. north and A. south, B. north and B. south, &c.; and east and west, liiey are designated by numbers, as 1st east, 1st wast, &c. Pennsylvania avenue, between the Capitol and the President's house, contains the most dense ]x)pulation, and is much the ilnest street in the city. Five of the avenues radiate from the Capi- tol, and five others from the President's house, giving these prominent places the most ready communication with all parts of the city. The buildings of Wasliingiou consist of scattered clusters; nor is it probable that the magnificent plan of the city will soon be built up. Three things are requisite to sustain a large city, one of which, it is to be hoped, uill never be found in the United States. There mu.st be extensive commerce, or manufaclin-<>s, or an expensive and luxurious court, with the multitudes which a lux- urious court draws around it, to expend their money. This last constitutes a great item in the support of some European cities. Washington cannot be expected to become a very great com- mercial or manufacturing place ; and though the chief men of the government, and the national legislature, and the multitudes whom they draw around them, do much toward the prosperity of Washington, the money thus expended is too small in amount to constitute a main reliance of a large city. Baltimore, in the vicinity, will be likely to surpass Washington in commerce and manufactures, for a long time to come. The growth of Washington, however, has been con- siderably extensive, and it is continually increas- ing; and probably the bustle of a large city would not much improve it as a seat for the na- tional congress. It enjoys the two important requisites for health, pure air and good water, and there is much elegant and refined society, rendering it a pleasant place of residence. The public buildings of Washington have a splendor becoming a great nation. Tlie Capitol is probably the finest senate house in the world, and it is fit that the most august legislative as- sembly on earth should be thus accommodated. The ground on which the Capitol stands is ele- vated 73 feet above the level of the tide, and af- fords a commanding view of the different parts of the city, and of the surrounding country. The building, which is of freestone, covers an area of more than an acre and a half; the length of the front is 352 feet, including the wings ; the depth of the wings is 121 feet. The centre build- ing is surmounted by a lofty dome ; and there are 2 less elevated domes, one toward each end. A projection on the east or main front, including the steps, is 65 feet wide ; and another on the west front, with the steps, is 83 feet wide. In the pro- jection on the east front, there is a noble portico of 22 lofty Corinthian columns ; and in the west front there is a portico of 10 Corinthian columns. The height of the building to the top of the dome is 120 feet. Under the dome in the middle of the building is the Rotundo, a circular room 95 feet in diameter, and of the same height, adorned with sculptures representing in relief Smith delivered by Pocahontas, the Pilgrims landing at Plymouth, Penn treating with the natives, and a fight of Boone with the Indians ; and 4 magnificent paint- ings by Trumbull, with figures as large as life, representing the presentation to Congress of the Declaration of Independence, the capture of Bur- goyne, the surrender of Cornwallis, and Wash- ington resigning his commission to Congress. Another painting, the baptism of Pocahontas, by Chapman, has recently been added. The Ro- tundo has recently received a splendid additional ornament in (Jreenough's statue of Washington, a colossal figure in a sitting posture, twice as large as life. On the west of the Rotundo is the Library room of Congress, 92 feet by 34, and is 36 feet in height, containing, in arched alcoves, 20,000 volumes. In the second story of the south wing of the Capitol is the Hall of the House of Representatives, of a semi-circular form, 96 feet long and 60 high, with a dome supported by 24 beautiful columns of variegated marble from the Potomac, with capitals of Italian marble, of the (^orinthian order. The circular wall is surround- ed by a gallery for men, and the chord 'of the arc, back of the Speaker's chair, has a gallery for the ladies. The room is ornamented with some line statuary and paintings, and the whole furni- ture of it is elegant. The Senate Chamber is ia the second story of the north wing of the Capitol, and is semi-circular like that of the Representa- tives, but smaller, being 75 feet long and 45 feet high. The Vice-president's chair is canopied by a rich crimson drapery, held by the talons of a hovering eagle. A gallery of light bronze run- WAS 701 WAS ning round the arc in front of the Vice president's chair, is mainly appropriated to laclie.s. Tliere is; another gallery above and behind tlie chair, sup ported by fine loni'- columns of variegaied mar- ble. A magnificent chandelier hangs in the cen- tre of the room, and • the whole appearance and furniture of the room are splendid. Below the Senate Chamber, and of nearly the same form and dimensions, but much less elegant, is the room of the Snpreme Court of the United States: and there are in the building 70 rooms for the ac- commodation of committees and officers of (^on- gress. The grounds around the ('apitol are spa- cious, containing '22 acres, highly orriamenied with gravelled walks, shrubbery, and trees, a naval monument ornamented with statuary, and fountains, and the whole is enclosed by a hand- some iron railing. The whole cost of the build- ing has exceeded $2,()0l),lKK). The President's house, a mile and a half n. vv. from the Capitol, is an elegant edifice of freestone. 2 stories high, with a lot'iy basement, and is 170 feet long and 86 wide, the n. front of which is ornamented with a fine portico of 4 loiiy Ionic columns, projecting with 3 columns. The outer intercolumniation is for carriages to drive under, to place company under shelter. It stands in the centre of a plat of ground of 20 acres, beautifully laid out and highly ornamented. It is elevated 41 feet above tide-water, and the southern front presents a grand and beautiful prospect. The apartments within are admirably fitted to their purpose, and splendidly fnrnished. On the e. .side of the President's house are two large build- ings, and on the w. side two large buildings ibr the departments of State, of the Treasury, of War, and of the Navy. The General Post-Office and the Patpnl-Offiie are also extensive build- ings. These, wiih the new Treasury building, liave been recently erected, to supply the place of those which were burned a few years since. The new Treasury building contains 150 rooms, and when completed, will contain 250. It has a splendid colonnade, 457 feet in length. The Gen- eral Post-Offiee contains about 80 rooms, and is of the Corinthian order, with colutTins and pilas- ters, on a rustic base. The Patent-OfTice, in ad dition to other spacious apartments, has one room in the upper story 275 feet by 65, and when com- pleted by wings, according to the original design, will be upwards of 400 (eet in length, it is con- sidered one of the most splendid rooms in Ameri- ca, and is devoted to the grand and increasing collections of the national institution. The porti- co of this building is of the same extent as that of the Parthenon, at Athens, consisting of 16 columns, in double rows, 5J feet high. In the war-office was formerly kept the fine collection of Indian portraits, painted from the original heads by King. These valuable pictures are now in the custody, and adorn the collections of the National Institution, in the patent office. The Navy Yard is on the Eastern branch, about three fourths of a mile s. e. of the Capitol, and contains 27 acres. It has houses for the officers, and shops and warehouses, and 2 large ship-houses, a neat armory, and every kind of naval stores. Several ships of war, some of which were of the largest class, have been built at this yard. There are also in the city an Ar- senal, a City Hall, an Hospital, a Penitentiary, a Theatre, &c. Washington is separated from Georgetown by Rock creek, over which are 2 bridges. A sub- stantial pile bridge, over a mile in length, crosses ine Potomac, and leads to Alexandria. Thtsre is a bridge, also, over the Anacostia, or Eastern branch. This river has water of sufficient depth for frigates to ascend to the navy yard, without being lightened. Vessels requiring 14 feet of water can come up to the Potomac bridge. By means of the Chesapeake and Ohio canal, a com- munication is opened with a rich back country ; and it may be expected that the commerce of Washington will increase. The Washington canal is a continuation of this canal through the city. It extends from the Chesapeake and Ohio canal, at 17ih-street, w est, to which it is connected by a lock at that street, to the Eastern branch. The canal and all the basins are walled with stone on both sides. From I7th to 14th street, is a spacious basin, 500 feet wide ; from I4th to 6th street, where there is another ample basin, its width is 150 feet; and from 6th street to its ter- mination in the I'.astern branch, its width varies ti-om 45 to 80 feet ; and its depth is 4 feet below tide throughout. At its eastern termination is another spacious basin and wharf, which extends to the channel. This canal has been greatly neglected, and is much out of repair. "The ex- pense of this canal has been over $230,000. There were in the city in 1840, 106 stores, cap. $926,040; 61umber yards, cap. $57,000 ; precious metals manufactured to the amount of !i;l3,000; various other metals $17,301); 2 tanneries, cap. $2,000 ; 1 brewery, cap. $63,000 ; 2 potteries, cap. $3,25!); 1 rope-walk, 1 grist m., 11 printing offices, 9 binderies, 3 daily, 5 weekly, 5 semi- weekly newspapers, and 3 periodicals, cap. $149,500; 30 brick and stone, and 23 wooden houses huilt, cost ,$36,910. Total cap. in manu- fac. $335,275. The Columbian College was incorporated by an act of Congress, in 1821. It is delightfully situated on elevated ground n. of the President's house, about 2^ miles from the Capitol. The buildings are a college edifice, 5 stories high, in- cluding the basement and the attic, having 48 rooms for students, with 2 dormitories attached to each, 2 dwelling-liouses, for professors, and a philosophical hall, all of brick. It has a medical department attached. The Medical College is situated at the corner of lOlh and E streets, at equal distances from the Capitol and the Presi- dent's house. In the several departmeiUs arc a president, 10 professors, and in the college pro- per, about 25 students. There are about 4,200 books in its libraries. The commencement is on the first Wednesday of October. The whole number of alumni is 97. It is under the directioa of the Baptists. There were in the city in 1840, 12 academies, with 609 students, 9 primary and common schools, with 330 scholars. The National Insfitution for the Promotion of Science, was organized in May, 1840. The Pres- ident of the United States is patron ; the heads of departments constitute 6 directors on the part of the government, and 6 literary and scientific gentlemen are directors on the part of the institu- tion. Its stated monthly meetings are held in the patent-olTice building. Its collections are deposi- ted in the grand hall of this building, 275 feet long and 65 feet wide, and constitute a rapidly in- creasing scientific museum. The United States exploring expedition has added largely to its cu- riosities. The Historical Society and the Coluin- bian Institute have united with it, with their libraries and collections. They have a valuable raineralogical cabinet. It is proposed to bring out regularly volumes of transactions. If proper- ly fostered, it may become an honor to the nation. The Union Literary Society has been in existence for many years, and holds a weekly discussion AVAS 702 WAS in the lecture room of the medical college, and is well attended. Sectarian religion and party politics are excluded I'rorn its discussions. The City Library contains about 6,000 volumes. The city contains 21 placesof worship, of which the Presbyterians have 4, the Episcopalians 3, the Baptists 3, the Methodists 3, Protestant do. ], Roman Catholics 3, the Africans 2, and the Unitarians and Friends 1 each. There are 2 orphan asylums. There are 3 banks, with an aggregate capital of $1, 500,000 ; and 2 insurance companies, with an aggregate capital of ftl5 »,000. The congressional burial ground is in the east- ern section of Washington, about a mile and a lialf Irom the Capitol, and contains about 10 acres ofground, near the Eastern branch. The grounds are tastefully laid out and neatly kept. It has already received a number of distinguished men, and has some fine monuments, and a vault in which bodies are placed that are awaiting a re- moval. Tiiis city was fi.xed on as the future seat of the government in accordance with the suggestion of the great man whose name it bears, and the ground on which it stands was ceded to the Uni- ted States in December, 1788. The owners of liie land gave one half of it, after deducting streets and public squares, to the United States to defray the expenses of the public buildings. Such grounds as should be wanted by the Uriited States was to be paid ibr at the rate of $66 66 cents per acre. It was laid out by 3 commissioners, in 1791, and surveyed under the direction of Andrew Ellicot. The seatof the federal government was removed to this place in 1800. The north wing of the Capitol was commenced in 1793, and finish- ed in 1800, at an expense of §480,202. The south wing was commenced in 1803, and finished in 180-1, at an expense of $308,808. The centre building was commenced in 1818, and finished in 1827, at an expense of .'§957,647. In August, 1814, Washington was captured by the British, under Gen. Ross, who set fire to the Capitol, the Presi- dent's house, and the public offices, with the exception of the patent-office, which was saved by the solicitation of its superintendent. The library of Congress was burned, and was after- wards replaced by the purchase of that of Mr. .lefferson, consisting of 7,000 volumes, for §23,000, in 1815. W.\sin.N'GTo.\, p-v., Rappahannock co., Va., 123 N. N. w. Richmond, 75 W. Situated at the s. e. footof the Blue Ridge, and containsa court house, jail, an academy, 1 church, free to all denomina- tions, 4 stores, various mechanic shoi)s, 50 dwell- ings, and about 375 inhabitants. In the vicinity are two extensive flouring m. Wash rNG TON, p-v., capital of Beaufort co., N. C, 127 K. by s. Raleigh, 313 W. Situated on the n. side of Tar r., at its entrance into Pamlico river, a branch of I'amlico sound, at the head of ship navigation. Its exports and its shipphig are ex- tensive. Tonnage, 1840, 5,401. It has a court house, jail, a church, several stores, and about 1,200 inhabitants. Washingto.v, p-v., capital of Wilkes co., Ga., 50 w. N. w. Augusta, 78 N. E. Milledgeville, 570 W. Situated on Kettle cr., a branch of Little r. It contains a court house, jail, a bank, an academy, a masonic hall, all of brick, 3 churches — 1 Pres- byterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — 33 stores, a printing office, 75 dwellings, chiefly of wood, and about 800 inhabitants. Washington, p-v., Autauga co., Ala., 102 s. e. Tuscaloosa, 842 W. Situated on the N. side of Alabama r., 10 ms. below ]\lontgoiuery. It was laid out in 1820, and contains a court house, of brick, having been formerly capital of the co., and a Baptist church, and about 200 inhabitants. It was formerly the site of a large Indian v. called Autauga. Washingto.v, p-v., Adams co.. Miss., 6 n. e. Natchez, 84 s. w. Jackson, 1,104 W. Incorpora- ted 1 m. square, and contains an hospital and poor- house, of brick, 1 Baptist and 1 INIethodist church, a female seminary, a United States land office, and about 400 inhabitants. It is the seat of .leffer- son college, founded in 1802. It has a large brick edifice, handsomely located, capable of accom- modating 100 students, a fund of nearly $200,000, and an annual income of about $8,000. The li- brary contains 1,522 vols. Washington, p-v., St. Landry par.. La., 223 w. N. w. i\ew Orleans, 1,236 W. Situated on the s. w. side of bayou Teche, and contains about 125 inhabitants. • Wasiii.ngton, p-v., capital of Rhea co., Tenn., 134 E. s. E. Nashville, 566 W. Situated on the w. side of Tennessee r., and contains a court house and jail, and 1 10 inhabitants. Washington, p-v., capital of Mason co., Ky., 77 E. s. E. Frankfort, 465 W. It contains a court house, jail, an academy, 4 churches, and about 550 inhabitants. Washington, p-v.. Wills t., Guernsey co., O., 85 E. Columbus, 308 W. Situated on the nation- al road. It contains 4 churches, 4 stores, 80 dwellings, and about 500 inhabitants. Washington, t., Allen co., O. Pop. 457. Washington, t., Belmont co., O. Drained by Captina cr., which afTords water power. It has 5 sch. 142 scholars. Pop. 1,387. Washington, t., Brown co., O., 12 n. e. George- town. It has 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 848. Washingto.n, t., Carroll co., O. Situated im- mediately N. of CarroUton. It has 1 sch. 25 scho- lars. Pop. 1,024. Washington, t., Clermont co., O. Bounded s. by Ohio r., and contains the villages of Neville and Moscow. It has 6 stores, cap. $14,050 ; 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in man ufac. $9,000. 10 sch. 510 scholars. Pop.2,100. Washingto.n, t., Clinton co., O. It has 1 store, cap. $640 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 1 saw m. 8 sch. 494 scholars. Pop. 1,170. Washington, t., Coshocton co., O., 12 s. e. Coshocton C. H. It has 1 saw m., 1 sch. 20 scho- lars. Pop. 1,029. Washington, t., Columbiana co., O. It has 4 sch. 145 scholars. Pop. 812. Washington, t., Darke co., O. Bounded w. by la. Pop. 839. Washington, t., Franklin co., O. Scioto r. bounds it on the e. Situated in the Virginia Mil- itary district. It has 3 sch. 57 scholars. Pop. 843. VVashington, t., Guernsey co., O. It has 3 sch. 105 scholars. Pop. 1,353. Washington, t., Hancock co., O. It has I tannery, 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,200. 7 sch. 252 scholars. Pop. 809. Washington, t., Hardin co., O. Pop. 203. Washington, t., Harrison co., O. It contains Williamsport v. It has 5 sch. 211 scholars. Pop. 1,022. Washington,!., Hocking co., O. It has 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 1,124. Washington, t.. Holmes co., O. It contains Nashville v. It has 4 stores, cap. $1,425 ; 1 tan- nery, 3 flouring m., 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,185. 4 sch. 215. -scholars. Pop. 1,461. Washington, t., Jackson co., O. It has 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 481. Washington, t., Licking co., 0., 13 n. New- WAS 703 WAS ark. It contains Utica v., and has 3 sch. 73 schol- ars. Pop. 1,348. Washington, t., Marion cc, O. It has 3 stores, cap. $4,100 ; 1 tannery, I disiillery, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,050. 5 sch. 200 scholars. Pop. 880. Washington, t., Mercer co., O. Pop. 214. Washingto.v, t., Mon'gomery co., O. It has 12 sch. 915 scholars. Pop. 2,210. Washington, t., Monroe co., O. Pop. 533. Washington, t., Pickaway co., O. (Formerly included in Circleville.) It has 1 pottery, 1 saw m., 3 sch. 172 scholars. Pop. 1,194. Washingto.n, t , Sandusky co., O. Pop. 1,074. Washington, t., Shelby co., O. It was for- merly called Grayson. Watered by a branch of Miami r. It has 3 stores, cap. $4,575 ; 1 tannery, 2 flouring m., 1 grist ni., 3 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac $7,090. 5 sch. 118 scholars. Pop. I,6i8. Washington, t., Muskingum co., O. It con- tains Jackson v., has several salt fac, and con- tains an ancient fortification and several mounds. It has 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 1,488. Washington, t., Preble co., O. Organized in 1809. The soil is fertile and well watered. It contains Eaton v., the capital of the co., 4 flour- ing m., 4 saw ra., and 2 carding macliines. Pop. 2,459. Washington, t., Richland co., O. Situated immediately s. of Mansfield, the capital of the CO. Pop. 1,914. Washington, t., Scioto co., O. Bounded s. by Ohio r., and e. by Scioto r. The surface is Uneven and rough, excepting on the rivers, where are extensive and very fertile alluvial tracts. It has extensive quarries of fine freestone. It con- tains Alexandria v. The Ohio canal passes through it, and by its waste water affords water power. It has 2 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 653. Washington, t., Tuscarawas co., O. Organ- ized in 1827. It has 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 4 saw m., 6 sch. 430 scholars. Pop. 978. Washington, t., Miami co., O. It contains Piqua v. It has 3 commissioti houses, capital $3,500; 22 stores, cap. $122,000 ; 1 distillery, 2 fulling m., 2 grist m., 3 saw m., I oil m. Cap. in manufac. $14,300. Pop. 1,161. Washington, t., Starke co., O. The surface is level ; timber, beech and sugar maple. It has 601) scholars in schools. Pop. 1,389. Washington, t.. Union co., O. It has 1 sch. 35 scholars. Pop. 151. Washington, t.. Van Wert co., O. Pop. 47. Washington, t.. Wood co., O. It has 1 sch. 26 scholars. Pop. 196. Washington, t., Williams co., O. Pop. 93. Washingto.v, t., Adams co., la. Pop. 262. Washington, t., Allen co., la. It has 3 sch. 60 scholars. Pop. 595. Washington, t., Blackford co., la. Pop. 143. Washington, t.. Brown co., la. Pop. 384. Washington, t., Clay co., la. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Capital in manufac. 1,450. Pop. 1,046. Washington, t., Gibson co., la. It has 2 sch. 64 scholars. Pop. 640. Washington, t.. Grant co., la. Pop. 539. Wa.shington, t., Hamilton co., la. It has 1 sch. 16 scholars. Pop. 1,285. Washington, t., Harrison Co., la. It has 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Pop. 721. Washington, t., Marion co., la. It has 4 stores, cap. $3,000 ; 2 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 5 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,505 ; 8 8ch. 335 scholars. Pop. 1,859. Washington, t., Noble co., la. It has I saw m. Pop. 259 Washington, t., Putnam co., la. It has 5 stores, capital $7,600 ; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 1 pottery, 1 flouring m., 5 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,400. 5 sch. 385 scholars. Pop. 1,872. Washington, t., Randolph co., la. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,600 ; 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 3 sch. 55 scholars. Pop. 1,219. Washington, t.. Rush co., la. It has 4 sch. 93 scholars. Pop. 1,163. Washington, t., Tippecanoe co., la. Pop. 809. Washington, t., Wayne co., la. It has 1 acad. 45 students, 3 sch. 126 scholars. Pop. 1,935. Washington, t., Washington co., la. It has 11 stores, cap. $22,000; 2 cotton fac. 564 sp., 5 tanneries, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspa- pers, 4 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in man- ufiic. $52,075. 1 sch. 27 scholars. Pop. 1,992. Washington, p-t., Macomb co., Mich., 29 n. E. Detroit, 553 W. Waiered by Stony cr. and head waters of Middle branch of ("linton r. The soil is very fertile, adapted to grain. It has 5 stores, cap. $11,500; 3 sch. 67 scholars. Pop. 1,314. Washington, p-v., capital of Daviess co., la., 106 s. w. Indianapolis, 668 W. Situated 4 miles E. of the w. fork of Vs'hite r., and contains a court house, jail, 2 churches, 9 stores, 2 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 carding machine, 1 linseed and castor oil fac, and about 65 ) inhabitants. Washington, p-v., Tazewell co.. 111., 71 n Springfield, 785 W. It contains 7 stores, 1 steam saw 111., and about 350 inhabitants. Siuated on the s. side of Holland's Grove, on the border of a delightful prairie. Washington, pv., capital of Washington co., Iowa. Situated near a branch of Crooked creek, and contauis the county buildings, and about 100 inhabitants. Washington, p-v., Franklin co., Mo., 76 r Jefferson City, 871 W. Washington, t., Buchanan co.. Mo. Pop. 48t Washington, t., Clarke co.. Mo. It has 1 sch. 14 scholars. Pop. 314. Washington, t., Johnson co.. Mo. It has 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 476. Washington, t., Lafayette co.. Mo. Pop. 45S. Washington, t., Livingston co., Mo. Pop. 167. Washingto.n, t., Monroe co.. Mo. It has 3 sch. 75 scholars. Pop. 1,367. Washington, t., Polk co.. Mo. Pop. 417. Washtngton, t., Taney co.. Mo. Pop. 275. Washington, pv., capital of Hempstead co., Ark., Ill s. w. Little Rock, 1,176 W. Situated on a small branch of Red r., and contains a court hou.se, jail, a U. S. laud office, and about 400 in- habitants. Washington, t., Sevier co., Ark. It has 1 sch. 24 scholars. Pop. 516. Washington, C. H., p-v., Washington co., Ala., 146 s. s. w. Tuscaloosa, 960 W. (Now Bar- ryton, which see.) Washington, C. H., p-v., capital of Fayette CO., O., 50 s. w. Columbus, 423 W. It contains a court house, j;iil, 1 churcli, 9 stores, a printing office, and about 80 dwellings. Letters should be directed to Washiiigt07i C. H., to distinguish it from Washington p-o., Guernsey co., O. Washington Depot, p-o.. New Hanover co., N. C. Washington Hollow, p-o., Washington t., Dutchess CO., N. Y., 82 s. by e. Albany, 311 W. Washingtonville, v., Sandy Creek t., Oswe- go CO., N. Y. It contains 3 churches — 1 Presby- terian, 1 3Iethodist, and 1 Universalist ; 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 clothier's works, 1 fur- nace, 1 tannery, and about 250 inhabitants. WAT 704 WAT WASHiNGtoNViLi.E, V., Blooming Grove t., Orange co., N. Y. ,10 vv. Nevvburgh. It contains an af-ademy, 4 storofi, 1 floaiing tn., 1 plaster m , 1 tannery, 3) dwellings, and about 200 inhabit- ants. Washingtonville, p-v., Derry t., Columbia CO., Pa., 79 N. N. E. Harrisburg, 1S9 W. It con- tains 2 stores and al)oul 35 dwellings. Washingto.vville, p-v., Greene t., Columbi- ana CO., O., 162 E. N. E. Columbus, 294 W. It contain.s 4 stores, 2 saw m., 1 oil m., and about 35 dwellings. It has 1 sch. 13 scholars. Pop. 107. Washita, r.. Ark. and La., rises in Sevier CO., Ark., and receives Little Missouri on the w. side on the s. border of Clarke co., and Saline r. from the n. on the s. extremity of Bradley co., enters La., and receiving Bayou Bartholomew and Bayou Bceuf, it flows s. by e. to its junction with Tensas r. to form Black r., which flows into Red r. Washita, parish. La. Situated toward the N. E. part of ihe state, and contains 2,090 sq. ms. Drained by Washita r. and its branches, and by head branches oi' Little r. The surface is exten- sively covered by pine forest, but in some parts, on the streams, the land is liable to be overflowed. Cotton is the chief production. Capital, Monroe. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,642, sheep 35'.), swine 4,123; Indian corn 32,898 bush, produced, oats 2,2 10, potatoes 5,360, cotton 1,724,658 pounds ; 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,000. 1 acad. 30 students, 5 sch. 115 scholars. Pop. whites 2,183, slaves 2,43i, free colored 14 ; total, 4,640. Washtenaw, county, Mich. Situated toward the s. e. part of the state, and contains 720 sq. ms. Organized in 1826. Drained by Huron, Raisin, Macon, and Saline rivers, and Mullet's, Honey, Mill, and Paint creeks. It contains sev- eral lakes. The surface is gently undulating ; soil, a deep and fertile black loam and clay. Prairie and timber land are interspersed. Raism r., and Huron r. and its branches, afford water power. It is among the best counties of the state. Capital, Ann Arbor. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2-',208. sheep 19,273, swine 30,141 ; wheat 216,597 bush, produced, rye 2,941, Indian corn 220,096, buckwheat 22,600, barley 31,050, oats 284,181, potatoes 210,224, sugar 108,047 pounds ; 65 stores, cap. $249,325 ; 2 furnaces, 3 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 4 distiller- ies, 11 flouring m., 7 grist m., 41 saw m. Cap. in raanufac. $314,555. Pop. 23,571. Watauga, r., N. C. and Tenn., rises in Ashe CO., N. C, and flowing s. w. into Tenn., it unites with the s. fork of Holston r., on the s. border of Sullivan co. Waterborough, p-t., York co., Me., 25 n. York, 76 s. w. Augusta, 521 W. Little Ossipee r. separates it from Limerick on the n. A pond in its w. part flows into Mousum r., which enters the Atlantic in Kennebunk t. The surface is pleasantly diversified ; soil, fertile. Incorporated jn 1787. It lias 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,425. 16 sch. 691 scholars. Pop. 1,944. Wateruorough, p-v., Poland t., Chautauque CO., N. Y., 318 w. by s. Albany, 331 W. Situa- ted on Conewango creek, and contains 1 store, 1 saw m., 25 dwellings, and about 150 inhabit- ants. Waterborough Centre, p-o., Waterborough t., York CO., Me., 75 s. w. Augusta, 525 W. Wateri!Urg, p-o., Tompkins co., N. Y., 173 W. by s. Albany, 306 W. Waterburg, p-v., Sheridan t., Calhoun co., Mich., 92 w. Detroit, 569 W. Situated on the :* side of Kalamazoo r. Waterburv, p-t., Washington co., Vt., 12 N. vv. Montpelier, 5v!5 W. The surfiice is level or gently uneven ; soil, fertile, particularly on the streams. Watered by Onion or Winooski and Waterbury rivers, the latter ol' which, with its brandies, affords water power. The principal v., in the s. part, near Onion r., contains I Con- gregational and 1 3Iethodist church, 3 stores, va- rious mecliaiiic, shops, and a number of neat dwellings. In the s. w. corner Onion r. has a curious passage through the rocks, which have fallen into the chasm, forming a natural bridge, and being near the road it is deserving the attention of the curious traveller. There are in the t. 2 stores, cap. $11,000; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist in., 3 saw m. Capital in manufac. $19,500. 19 sch. 595 scholars. Pop. 1,992. Watkrbury, p-t.. New Plaven co., Ct., 52 s. s. vv. Hartford, 310 VV. The surface is rough. Wa- tered by Naugatuck r., which affords good water power. The v., at the centre, contains 4 church- hs — 1 Congregational, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — and about 1,500 inhabitiuits. It contains several extensive manufactories. The t. has 17 store.s, cap. $88,370; 5 fulling m., 3 wool- len fac, 3 cotton fac. 570 sp., 2 tanneries, 3 dis- tilleries, 5 grist m., 16 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $718,309. 2 acad. 75 students, 23 sch. 735 schol- ars. Pop. 3,668. Waterburv Centre, p v., Waterbury t., Washington co., Vt., 15 n. w. Montpelier, 528 VV. It contains 2 churches, of brick — 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist — 1 store, and a number of dwellitigs. Wateree, r., N. C. and S. C, rises in N. C, and is called the Catawba until it enters S. C, where it is called the Wateree to its union with the Congaree to form Santee r. Waterford, p-t., Oxford co.. Me., 53 w. Au- gusta, 58S W. The surface is level ; soil, fertile, adapted to grain. It has a large pond toward its E. part, which flows into Crooked r., by which it is drained, and wliich flows into Sehago pond. Incorporated in 17J7. It has 4 stores, cap. $5,500 ; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 8 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $5,290. 12 schools 527 scholars. Pop. ],3S1. Waterford, p-t., Caledonia co., Vt., 49 e. n. E. Montpelier, 547 W. Bounded on the s. e. by Connecticut r., in which, opposite to the t., is a. portion of the 15 mile falls. The surface is rough ; soil, on the streams, fertile, otherwise adapted to grazing. Watered by Pasumpsic r., and Moose r. runs through its n. e. corner. It contains 3 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Frec-wiil Baptist, and 1 Methodist. Stiles's pond, in tiie s. e. part, covers 100 acres. Incorporated in 1797. It has 3 stores, cap. $15,000; 1 tannery, 8 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,150. 1 acad. 41 students, 15 sch. 501 scholars Pop. 1,338. Waterford, p-v., Worcester co., Mass., 42 w. Boston, 415 W. Waterford, p-t.. New London co., Ct., 46 s. E. Hartford, 451 W. Bounded by Thames r. on the E., and by Long Island sound on the s. The surface is uneven; soil, gravelly loam, adapted to graz.ing. Watered by Niantic and .lordau riv- ers. The former flows into a bay of the same name, which sets up from the sound 3 or 4 ms.. and is navigable for sloops of 20 tons. It contains 3 Baptist churches, one of which is a Seventh-day Baptist. It has 4 stores, cap. .$4,000 ; 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 1 oil m. Capital in manufac. $11,500. 10 sch. 532 scholars. Pop. 2,329. Waterford, p-t., Saratoga co., N. Y., 10 v. Albany, 380 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, WAT 705 WAT saind and alluvion. Watered by JVIohawk and Hudson rivers, which here unite. The v. is sit- uated on the w. bank of Hudson r., at the head of sloop navigation. It contains 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Dutch Reformed, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist — an academy, a female seminary, a bank, 20 stores and groceries, 1 cotton fac, 4 flouring m., 1 grist m., 2 machine shops, 1 twine fee, 1 furnace, 1 fire engine fac, 1 button fac, 1 plaster m., 2 saw m., 1 tannery, 200 dwellings, and about 1,400 inhabitants. Six sloops and schooners and several canal boats are owned here. The Champlain canal passes through the place, and also the Troy and Saratoga railroad. The canal here enters Hudson r. A bridge con- nects the place with Lansitigburgh. It has 28 stores, cap. $47,533 ; 3 lumber yards, cap. $1,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 1 saw ra. Cap. in manu- fac. $92,115. 5 sch. 375 scholars. Pop. 1,824. Waterford, t., Gloucester co., N. .1., (post- office called Waterford Works,) 12 w. Woodbury, 51 s. s. w. Trenton, 161 W. The surface is level ; soil, sand and sandy loam. Drained by Pensau- ken cr.. Cooper's cr., and branches of Atsion r. It contains an Episcopal church, and has 10 stores, cap. $7,310 ; 4 distilleries, 2 glass-houses, 2 grist m., 10 saw m., 1 oil m. Capital in manufactures $82,937. 8 sch. 425 scholars. Pop. 3,467. Waterford, p-t., Erie co.. Pa., 13 s. e. Erie, 256 N. vv. by w. HarrLsburg, 329 W. The sur- face is hilly ; soil, gravelly loam. Watered by Le Boeuf cr., flowing into Le Bceuf lake, which has an outlet into French cr. The b. contains 4 stores, cap. $7,700 ; 1 flouring m. Cap. in man- ufac. $1,UOO. 1 acad. 60 students, 1 sch. 30 schol- ars. Pop. 403. There are in the t. 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in raanufac. $2,710. 9 sch. 272 scholars. Pop. 1,144. Waterford, p-v., Loudon co., Va., 159 n. Richmond, 40 W. Situated on Kittoctan cr., and contains 2 churches — 1 free to all denominations, and 1 Friends ; 6 stores, 1 flouring m., 1 saw, grist, and plaster m., and 2 cotton fac, (in the vicinity,) 70 dwellings, and about 425 inhabit- ants. Waterford, p-t., Washington co., O., 24 n. w. Marietta, 89 e. s. e. Columbus, 321 W. Situ- ated on both sides of Muskingum r. The surface is undulating and broken ; soil, on the r., fertile. The V. is situated on Muskingum r., and contains 2 churches, 2 stores, and, in the vicinity, 3 flour- ing m., 3 saw m., 2 carding machines, 2 fulling m., 40 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. Pop. of the t. 1,166. Waterford, p-t., Oakland co., Mich., 32 n. vv. Detroit, 556 W. Watered by numerous small takes and their outlets. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 distillery, 2 flouring m., 2 saw m. Cap. in man- afac. $7,500. Pop. 946. Waterford, p-v., Gibson co., Tenn., 121 w. by s. Nashville, 804 W. Waterford, p-v., Fulton co.. 111., 50 n. w. Springfield, 830 W. It contains 105 inhabitants. Waterford, p-v., Marshall co.. Miss., 184 n. by E. Jackson, 90i W. Waterford Centre, p-o., Waterford t., Oak- land CO., 3Iich. Waterloo, p-t., and serai-capital, with Ovid, of Seneca co., N. Y., 17 w. by n. Albany, 346 W. The surface is generally level ; soil, calca- reous loam. Watered by Seneca r., along which the Seneca and Cayuga canal passes. The v. is handsomely situated on both sides of the outlet of Seneca lake, which is used as a part of the Cayuga and Seneca canal. Incorporated in 1824, and contains a court house, jail, 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 I\Ieth- 89 odist — an academy, a bank, 25 stores, 1 woollen fac, consuming 200,000 pounds of wool annually, 5 flouring m., 5 saw m., 2 oil m., 2 pail and tub fac, 2 m. for cleaning clover seed, ] plaster m., 1 clothier's works, 1 furnace^ 1 machine shop, I soap and candle fac, 1 carriage fac, 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 boat-yard, 350 dwellings, and 2,600 inhabitants. Here is an extensive water power. The Cayuga and Seneca canal and the Auburn and Rochester railroad pass through the place. There are in the t. 10 stores, cap. $5,000 ; 1 lumber yard. cap. $1,000; 1 fulling m., 1 wool- len fac, 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 1 printing ofllce, 1 semi-weekly newspaper, 1 flour- ing m., 2 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufactures fl!7 1,500. 1 acad. 66 students, 6 sch. 278 scholars. Pop. 3,036. Waterloo, p-v., Lock t., Juniata co., Pa., 69 N. w. Harrisburg, 125 W. Situated on Tasca- rora cr. Waterloo, p-v., Carroll co., Md., 59 n. n. w. Annapolis, 66 W. Waterloo, t., Athens co., O. Watered by Racoon cr. It has 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac- §4,700. 3 sch. 39 scholars. Pop. 741. Waterloo, p o., Jackson co., Mich. Waterloo, p-v., Granville co., N. C, 50 N. Raleigh, 266 W. Waterloo, p-v., Laurens dist., S. C, 79 w, by N. Columbia, 507 W. It contains about 75 in- habitants. Waterloo, p-v., Lauderdale co., Ala., 160 n. Tuscaloosa, 8()5 W. Situated on the N. side of Tennessee r. It contains about 80 inhabit- ants. Waterloo, p-v.. Point Coupee par.. La. Sit- uated on Mississippi r., at the outlet of False r. Waterloo, p-t., Fayette co., la., 5 s. e. Con^- nersville, 61 e. by s. Indianapolis, 524 W. It has 1 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 92(5. Waterloo, p-v., capital of Monroe co.. 111., 115 s. by w. Springfield, 828 W. Situated on elevated ground, and contains a brick court house, 2 stores, and about 25 dwellings. Waterloo, p-v., capital of Clark co.,Mo., 186 N. by E. Jefferson City, 911 W. Situated a little w. of Mississippi r., w. of the mouth of Des Moines r., and contains a court house, jail, and about 75 inhabitants. Water Street, p-v., Morris t., Huntingdon CO., Pa., 100 w. Harrisburg, 159 W. Situated on Juniata r., a little above Alexandria, and con- tains 12 or 14 dwellings. Watertown, pt., Middlesex co., Mass., 7 w. Boston, 433 W. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil, mostly fertile, and under high cul- tivation. Drained by Charles r., which affords water power, and is navigable to this place for vessels requiring 6 or 7 feet of water. It has a pleasant v., and contains 1 Unitarian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Universalist church, a U. States arsenal containing 40 acres of ground, with several large brick buildings enclosed by a high fence, on the N. bank of Charles r. The provincial congress held its sessions here in 1775. First settled in 1630. There are in the t. 11 stores, cap. $37,800; 2 lumber yards, cap. $9,000; 7 tanneries, 1 paper fac, 1 acad. 39 students, 7 sch. 402 scholars. Pop. 1,810. Watertown, p-t., Litchfield co., Ct., 42 s. s. w. Hartford, 320 W. The surface is uneven, and in some parts level ; soil, dry gravelly loam, adapted to grazing. Watered by Steel's brook. The V. contains a Congregational and an Epis- copal church. John Trumbull, the celebrated author of McFingal, was born liere. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $21,000; 2 fulling m., 2 WAT 706 WAT tanneries, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in raanu- fac. $10,300. 9 sch. 354 scliolars. Pop. 1,41-2. Watertovvn, p-t., capital of Jefferson co., N. ^., 164 N. w. Albany, 416 W. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil, a fertile sandy loam and clay. Drained by Stony and Sandy creeks. Black r. runs on its n. boundary, affording an immense water power. The v. is situated on the s. side of Black r., and is connected by covered bridges with Williamstown and Juhel- ville villages on the. opposite side. Incorporated ill 1831, and contains a court hou.se and jail of stone, a state arsenal of brick, a bank, 7 churches — 2 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 1 Me- thodist, 1 Universalist, and 1 Roman Catholic — 26 stores of different kinds, various mechanic shops, 700 dwelliui^s, and about 4,000 inhabit- ants. The Black River Literary and Religious Institute has about 180 students, and is flourish- ing. An association of young men for literary and scientific improvement, have a library which is increasing. The r. here has a fall of 88 feet in 1 m., with 7 dams and 5 natural cascades. Here are ' flannel fac, 1 broadcloth and satinet fac, 1 cotton fac, 2 negro cloth fac, 3 carding and clothiers' m., 5 flouring m. and grist m., 1 paper in., 2 iron furnaces, 3 machine shops, 4 saw rn. 2 tanneries, 1 morocco dres.sing fac, 4 wagon and carriage fac, and various other me- chanical establishments, I brewery, and 1 distil- lery. There are in the t. 45 stores, cap. $200,000 ; 3 lumber yards, cap. S5,0U0 ; 5 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 1,000 sp., 4 tanneries, 1 brewery, 1 paper fac, 3 printing offices, 3 weekly newspa- pers, 4 grist m. Cap. hi manufac $259,500. 19 sch. 1,192 scholars. Pop. 5,027. Watertovvn, p-t., Washington co., O., 14 n. w. Marietta, 92 e. s. e. Columbus, 312 W. Wolf cr. passes through the t., and affords wa- ter power. The soil is fertile and well cultiva- ted. The V. contains a neat church, 2 stores, 1 oil m., 1 grist m., 1 carding machine, and 125 in- habitants. There are in the t. 10 sch. 489 schol- ars. Pop. 1,127. Watertown, p-v., Clinton co., Mich., 112 w. N. w. Detroit, 600 W. Watertovvn, p-t., Jefferson co., Wis., 39 e. Madison, 853 W. Watered by Rock r., on the E. side of which the v. is situated. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,000. 1 sch. 23 schol- ars. Pop. 218. Watervale, p-v., Pompey t., Onondaga Co., N. Y., 125 w. by n. Albany, 342 W. It contains 1 store, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 tannery, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Water Valley, p-o., Hamburg i., Erie co., N. Y., 303 w. Albany, 373 W. Water Village, p-v., Carroll co., N. H., 48 N. E. Concord, 529 W. Waterville, p-t., Kennebec co.. Me., 18 n. Augusta, 613 W. Kennebec r. bounds it on the e. The soil is fertile and well cultivated. In- corporated in 1802. The v. is situated at Te- conic falls on the Kennebec, which are 18 feet in height, where is a bridge across the r. The v. contains 4 churches, an academy, and various mills and manufactories. The Kennebec is nav- igable to tills place from Augusta, for boats of 40 tons. Emerson's stream, a tributary of the Kennebec, lias a very high fall, and affords good water power, wliere is a flourishing manufactur- ing v. Waterville College, under the direction of tiie Baptists, is located in this t., was founded in 18-JO, has a president, and 5 professors or other insiruciors, 145 alumni, of whom 3l) have been ministers of the gospel, 65 students, and 7,000 vols, in its libraries. The commencement is on the 1st Wednesday in August. It has 2 edifices containing rooms for students, a chapel, and a commons hall. There are in the t. 39 stores, cap. $129,800 ; 2 fulling m., 1 college, 94 students, 2 acad. 262 students, 19 sch. 1,274 scholars. Pop. 2,971. Waterville, p-t., Lamoille co., Vt., 43 n. w. Montpelier, 553 W. Chartered by the name of Colt's Gore in 1788, by its present name in 1824, first settled in 1789. The surface is mountainous and broken ; soil, adapted to grazing. Watered by the n. branch of Lamoille r., which affords water power, and along which is fertile land. It has 2 stores, cap. $4,000 , 2 fulling m., 1 wool- len fac, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,750. 6 sch. 200 scholars. Pop. 610. Waterville, p-v., Sangerfield t., Oneida co., N. Y., 90 w, N. w. Albany, 372 W. Situated oa a branch of Oriskany cr., and contains 1 Pres- byterian, and 1 Baptist church, an academy and fi^male seminary, a bank, 10 stores, 1 woollen fac, 1 starch fac, 3 grist m., 2 saw m., 2 fur;ia- ces, and a machine shop, where carriage springs are made, 1 organ fac, 3 distilleries, 120 dwell- ings, and about 1,000 inhabitants. Waterville, p-t., Lucas co., O., 130 n. w. by N. ColumLtus, 461 W. Watered by a branch of Maumee r. The v. is situated on the n. side of this r., 6 ms. w. of Perrysburg, and contains 1 store, 1 grist m., 1 carding machine, and 190 in- habitants. Pop. of the t., 565. Waterville Corners, p-o.. Concord t., Erie CO., N. Y., 290 w. Albany, 360 W. Watervliet, p-t., Albany Co., N. Y., 5 n. Albany, 375 W. The surface is level or undu- lating ; soil, sandy ridges and swamps, excepting on Hudson r., where are extensive and lisrtile flats. Mohawk r. runs on its N., and Hudson r. on its E. border. It contains several islands formed by tiie mouths of the Mohawk. It has a Shaker settlement, called Niskayujia. The Erie and Champlain canals separate here, and in the former are many locks, to overcome the falls of the Cahoes. At West Troy v. is the Watervliet United States Arsenal. There are in the t. 94 stores, cap. $100,853; 4 lumber yards, cap. $73,000 ; 3 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 2 cottoa fac. 5,160 sp., 1 brewery, 4 potteries, 1 paper lac, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 2 flouring m., 10 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manu'ac. $723,115. 13 sch. 1,600 scholars. Pop. 10,141. (See Troy.) Watervliet Centre, p-o., Watervliet t., Albany co., N. Y., 12 n. Albany, 382 W. Watkins, t., Crawford co., Mo. It has 3 sch. 46 scholars. Pop. 739. Watkinsville, p-v., Goochland co., Va., 29 w. N. w. Richmond, 162 W. Watkinsville, p-v., capital of Clarke co., Ga., 68 N. by w. Milledgeville, 617 W. Situated at the head of Beaverdam cr., and contains a court house, jail, an academy, 4 stores, and 25 dwellings. Wat.son, p-t., Lewis co., N. Y., 10 n. e. Mar- tinsburgh, 140 n. w. Albany, 439 W. The sur- face is hilly and mountainous ; soil, sandy loam. Drained by Independence cr., Beaver r., and other tributaries of Black r., which bounds it on the w. It has 1 store, cap. $300 ; 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,000. 17 sch. 354 scholars. Pop. 1,707. Watson's, p-o., Coweta co., Ga., 113 w. by N. Milledgeville, 717 W. Watsontown, p-v., Northumberland co., Pa., 77 N. by E. Harrisburg, 187 W. Watsons Ferry, p-o., Armstrong co., Pa., 187 w. N- w. Harrisburg, 241 W. WAY 707 WAY Wattsborough, p-v., Lunenburg co., Va., 116 s. w. Richmond, 232 W. Wattsbltrg, p-b., Erie co., Pa., 263 n. w. by w. Harrisburg, 344 W. Situated on French cr., and contains 2 tanneries, 1 sawm. Cap. in nian- ufac. $1,950. 6 sch. 140 scholars. Pop. 131. Waugh's Ferry, p-o., Bedford co., Va., 134 w. by s. Richmond, 197 W. Waughatchie, p-o., Dade co., Ga., 113 n. w. Milledgeville, 717 W. Waupu.v, p-v.. Fond du Lac co., Wis., 80 n. e. Madison, 927 W. Waushara, p-v., Dane co.. Wis. Waverland, p-o., Montgomery co., la., 65 w. N. w. Indianapolis, 630 W. Waverly, p-o.. Pee Pee t., Pike co., O., 60 s. Columbus, 407 W. Situated on the Ohio canal, and contains about 250 inhabitants. W.WERLY, p-v., Humphreys co., Tenn., 60 w. by s. Nashville, 744 W. Waverly, p-o., Henry co., 3Io. Waverly, p-o., Lowndes co.. Miss., 147 n. e. Jackson, 892 W. Waverly, t., Lincoln co.. Mo. It has 1 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 1,133. Waverly Hall, p-o., Harris co., Ga., Ill w. s. w. Milledgeville, 733 W. Wawarslng, p-t., Ulster co., N. Y., 22 s. w. Kingston, 82 s. s. w. Albany, 297 W. The sur- face is hilly and mountainous ; soil, gravelly loam and clay, and fertile. Drained by Rondout cr., and its tributaries, which afford good water power. Iron ore, plumbago, and lead are found in the vicinity. It has 17 stores, cap. $33,600; 5 lumber yards, cap. $2,400; 8 fulling m., 11 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 2,136 sp., 6 tanneries, 1 glass house, 1 pottery, 3 grist m., 45 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $169,750. 20 sch. 924 schol- ars. Pop. 4,044. Waxahatchee, p-o., Shelby co., Ala., 83 e. Tuscaloosa, 791 W. Wayland, p-t., Middlesex co., Mass., 17 w. Boston, 423 W. The surface is pleasantly diver- sified ; soil, generally fertile and well cultivated. Chartered in 1835. Sudbury r. bounds it on the w. It contains 1 Congregational and 1 Unita- rian church. It has 3 stores, cap. $3,400 ; 1 grist m., 6 sch. 253 scholars. Pop. 993. Waylandsburg, p-v., Culpepper co., Va., 104 N. N. E. Richmond, 91) W. Waymart, p-v., Clinton t., Wayne co., Pa., 166 N. E. Harrisburg, 260 W. Situated on a branch of Laxawaxen cr., and contains about 75 inhabitants. Wayne, county, N. Y. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 572 sq. ms. The surface is undulating; soil, clay, sand and gravel, with vegetable mold. Lake Ontario bounds it on the N. Mud cr. and Canandaigua outlet form Clyde r., which flows e. to Seneca r. Iron ore, gypsum, marl, and water lime are found. Sulphur springs are abundant, and some weak brine springs have been found. Capital, Lyons. There were in 1810, neat cattle 33,298, sheep 100,986, swine 44,130 ; wheat 571,083 bush, pro- duced, rye 4,460, Ind. corn 33S,356, buckwheat 3i,002, barley 25,0'^7, oats 482,900, potatoes 512,710, hops 239 pounds, sugar 159,554; 115 stores, cap. $544,250; 4 furnaces, 1 forge, 11 ful- ling m., 25 tanneries, 1 rope fiic, 6 distilleries, 1 brewery, 2 glass fac, 1 pottery, 12 flouring m., 25 grist m., 118 saw m., 4 printing offices, 4 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $437,913. 8 acad. 475 students, 182 sch. 9,637 scholars. Pop. 42,057. Wayne, county. Pa. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 648 sq. ms. The surface is hilly and mountainous ; soil, generally fertile. Bounded n. e. by Delaware r. Drain- ed by Lackawaxen creek and its branches, and by small streams flowing into Delaware r. Capi- tal, Honesdale. There were in 1810, neat cat- tle 17,412, sheep 34,371, swine 3,122; wheat 15,210 bush, produced, rye 11,011, Ind. corn 10,323, buckwheat .36,555, barley 3.740, oais 102,140, potatoes 156,702, sugar 9,940 pounds ; 28 stores, cap. $S6,900 ; 3 fulling m., 6 tanneries, 1 glass fac, 1 flouring m., 14 grist m., 68 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 printing olFices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac $312,700. 3 acad. 96 students, 97 sch. 2,424 scholars. Pop. 11,848. Wayne, county, N. C. Situated s. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 720 sq. ms. Drained by Neuse r. and its branches. Capital, Waynesboro'. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,492, sheep 6,269, swine 46,594 ; wheat 12,74_i bush, produced, rye 1,443, Ind. corn 461,165, oats 8,855, potatoes 90,006, cotton 402,175 pounds ; 12 stores, cap. $61,900; 49 grist m., 25 sawm. Cap. in manufac. $S00. 4 acad. 129 students, 6 sch. 213 scholars. Pop. whites 6,754, slaves 3,673, free col'd 464; total, 10,891. Wayne, county, Ga. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and contains 900 sq. ms. Alta- maha r. bounds it on the n. e. Drained by San- tilla r.. Little Santilla r., and Turtle cr. The sur- face is low, and in some places marshy. Capital Wayne C. H. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,85"l, sheep 404, swine 3,933; Ind. corn 16,281 bush, produced, potatoes 15,125, cotton 19,183 pounds, sugar 3,165; 3 stores, cap. $11,500; 1 grist m., 1 acad. 12 students. Pop. whites 877, slaves 367, free col'd 14 ; total, ],25S. Wayne, county. Miss. Situated in the e. to- ward the s. part of the state, and contains 790 sq. ms. Drained by Chickasawha r. and its branches, and by branches of Leaf r. The sur- face is moderately uneven ; soil, sterile. Capi- tal, Winchester. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 10,297, sheep 927, swine 7,671 ; Ind. corn 5,323 bush, produced, potatoes 9,134, cotton 334,689 pounds ; 2 stores, cap. $1,500 ; 1 tannery. Pop. whites 1,141, slaves 979 ; total, 2,120. Wayne, county, Tenn. Situated in the s. toward the w. part of the state, and contains 504 sq. ms. Drained by Buffalo r.. Shoal cr., and their branches, and ot!i(>r branches of Tennessee r. The surface is hilly ; soil, fertile. Capital, Waynesboro'. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,490, sheep 5,004, swine 34,351 ; wheat 27,406 bush, produced, rye 1,722, Ind. corn 426,560, buckwheat 1,722, oats 32,718, po- tatoes 6,9S2, tob:icco 17,518 pounds, cotton 39,382, sugar 6,754; 9 stores, cap. $43,SU0; 1 furnace, 1 forge, 1 tannery, 19 distilleries, 17 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 pottery. Cap. in manufac. $10,575. 1 sch. 29 scholars. Pop. whites 7,151, slaves 529, free col'd 25 ; total. 7,705. Wayne, county, Ky. Situated in the s. to- ward the E. part of the state, and contains 570 sq. ms. Cumberland r. bounds it on the n., by the s. fork of which and its branches, and by Beaver cr., it is drained. Capital, Monticello. There were in 1840, neat cattle 18,022, sheep 15.3S2, swine 46,016; wheat 48,888 bush, produ- ced, rye 7,408, Ind. corn 752,904, oats 86,105, potatoes 12,270, tobacco 5,060 pounds, cotton 3,000, susrar 3,550; IS stores, cap. $44,000; 2 tan- neries, ll distilleries, 3 flouring m., 16 grist m., 3 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $9,265. 7 sch. 172 scholars. Pop. whites 6,754, slaves 630 free col'd 15 ; total, 7,399. Wayne, county, O. Situated n. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 660 sq. ms. WAY 708 WAY Organized in 1808. The surlace is rolling, and in some places level ; soil, fertile, especially on the Blreams. Watered by Killbuck r., and Chippewa and Sugar creeks, and Lake fork of Moliiccan cr. Capital, Wooster. There were in 1840, neat cattle 20,614, sheep 48,563, swine 55,899 ; wheat 753,621 bush, produced, rye 49,668, Ind. corn 395,030, barley 2,104, oats 542,965, potatoes 132,003, sugar 177,092 pounds ; 63 stores, cap. $128,925 ; 4 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 27 tanneries, 7 distillcnos, 3 breweries, 1 pottery, 23 flouring m., 17 grist m., 81 saw m., 6 oil m., 2 printing ollices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in inaiiufac. $110,280. 1 acad. 25 students, 10 sch. 278 scholars. Pop. 35,803. Wayne, county, 31ich. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 600 sq. ms. Drain- ed by Rouge and Huron rivers and their branch- es, flowing into Detroit r., which bounds it on the s. E. The surfoce is level or undulating; soil, clay, with some sandy loam. Rouge r. and its branches afford water power. Limestone, iron ore, and sulphur springs are found. Capital, Detroit. There were in 1840, neat cattle 14,574, sheep 10,181, swine 17,092 ; wheat 89,769 bush, produced, rye 5,575, Ind. corn 133,739, barley 4,975, oats 94,9il, potatoes 204,313, sugar 122,667 pounds ; 11 «i.m. houses, cap. $123,000; 141 stores, cap. $453,000 ; 5 furnaces, 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 breweries, 3 potteries, 8 flouring m., 3 grist m., 28 saw m., 3 printing offices, 3 daily, and 4 weekly newspapers. Cap. in man- ufac. $275,810. 1 cojlece, 30 students, 1 acad. 40 students, 72 sch. 3,097 scholars. Pop. 24,173. Wavne, county, la. Situated in the e. part of the state, and contains 420 sq. ms. Organized in 1810. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil, very fertile. Drained by branches of White- water r., which afford good water power. Capi- tal, Centreville. There were in 1810, neat cattle 13,76S, sheep 28,173, swine 35,413; wheat 124,705 bush, produced, rye 2,93:^, Ind. com 832,477, barley 4,115, oats 284,437, potatoes 21,412, sugar (56,116 pounds; 63 stores, cap. $231,150; 3 furnaces, 4 lulling m., 3 woollen fac, 14 tanneries, 14 distilleries, 1 brewery, 3 pot- teries, 10 flouring m., 37 grist m., 41 saw m., 3 oil m., 1 paper fac, 3 printing offices, 3 weekly news- papers. Cap. in nianufac $188,599. 6 acad. 315 students, 51 sch. 2,079 scholars. Pop. 23,292. Wayne, county. 111. Situated toward the s. E. part of state, and contains 720 sq. ms. Drain- ed by Little Wabash r., and Skillet Ibrk of the same, and by Elm cr. The surlace is inter- spersed with prairie and woodland ; soil, mode- rately good. Flat-boats go down the Little Wa- bash to iNew Orleans. Capital, Fairfield. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,801, .sheep 5,163, Rvvine 19,713 ; wheat 17,515 bush, produced, rye 1,443, Ind. corn 217,880, oats 60,471, potatoes 10,997, toba('co 60,610 pounds, cotton 7,734, sugar 1,345 ; 10 .stores, cap. $75,500 ; 4 tanneries, 5 flouring m., 7 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in nianufac. $13,718- 15 sch. 372 scholars. Pop. 5,133, Wayne, county, Mo. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and contains 1,200 sq. ms. St. Fran- cis r. runs on its e. border, and passes through its N. part. Drained by Big Black r., a branch of White r. Capital, Greenville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,849, sheep 3,034, swine 25,871 ; wheat 12,949 bush, produced, Ind. corn 160,165, oats 20,930, potatoes 3,478, tobacco 22,431 pounds, cotton 6,849, sugar 23,224 ; 17 stores, cap. $22,340 ; 1 tamiery, 8 dislilleriesi, 15 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac $10,330. 13 sch. 234 scholars. Pop. whites 3,069, slaves 223, free col'd 12 ; to- tal, 3,403. Wayne, p-t., Kennebec cc, Me., 13 w. Ati- gusta, 595 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, fertile, adapted to grain. Androscoggin Great Pond lies in its s. w. part, and flows into Andros- coggin r. Incorporated in 1798. It has 5 stores, cap. $13,200; 1 fulling m., 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,575. 1 acad. 13 students, 9 sch. 445 scholars. Pop. 1,201. Wayne, p-t., Steuben co., N. Y., 198 w. by s. Albany, 316 W. The surface is generally level, but moderately hilly in the n. part; soil, clay and loam, adapted to grain. Watered by ( rooked lake on the w., and Little and Mud lake in the centre. The v. contains 1 Methodist church, 2 stores, 1 furnace, 20 dwellings, and about 150 in- habitants. There are in the t. 3 stores, capital $8,000; 1 tannery, 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac $5,750. 10 sch. 522 scholars. Pop. 1,377. Wayne, t., Clinton co.. Pa. It has 1 saw m. Pop. 307. Wayne, p-t., Erie co.. Pa., 2,50 n. w. Harri.s- burg, 335 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, grav- elly loam. Drained by French cr. and a branch of Broken Straw cr. It has I store, cap. $3 JO; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac $10,050. 5 sch. 225 scholars. Pop. 733. Wayne, t., Oawford co.. Pa. Watered by Sugar r. flowing from Sugar lake, which is about 1 m. in circumference. It has 2 stores, 1 tannery, 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,075. 4 sch. 7-t scholars. Pop. 723. Wayne, t., Greene co.. Pa., 15 s. w. Waynes- burg. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam. Drained by Dunkards cr. and its tributaries. It has 1 tan- nery, 1 flouring m. Cap. in manufac. $1,100. 7 sch. 168 scholars. Pop. 933. Wayne, t., Mifflin co.. Pa. Watered by Ju- niata r. Blue Ridge runs on its e. boundary. It contains Waynesburg v. on the Pa. canal, and Hamiltonville v. in its .s. part. It has 4 stores, cap. $20,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 8 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $10,005. 8 sch. 227 scholars. Pop. 1,350. Wayne, t., Schuylkill co.. Pa. It has 2 tan- neries, 2 grist m., 24 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,900. Pop. 1,621. Wayne, p-t., Ashtabula co., O., 197 n. e. Co- lumbus, 320 W. Drained by branches of Ve- nango and Musquito creeks. It has 5 sch. 191 scholars. Pop. 767. Wayne, t., Adams co.,0. Drained by branches of w. fork of Brush cr. It has 3 stores, capital $3,550 ; 1 flouring m., 1 saw m. Pop. 854. \Vayne, t., Allen co., O. Drained by a head branch of Scioto r. It has 1 sch. 23 scholars. Pop. 404. Wayne, t., Belmont co., O. Watered by Cap- tina cr., vvhich affords water power. The surface is hilly; soil, generally productive in wheat, In- dian corn, and tobacco. Pop. 1,734. Wayne, t., Butler co., O. Watered by Elkcr. and its branches, and by branches of St. Clair cr. It has 3 sch. 93 scholars. Pop. 1,426. Wayne, t.. Champaign co., O. Drained e. by branches of Little Darby cr., and w. by branches of Mad r. It has 1 store, 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tarmery, 2 saw m., 4 sch. 98 scholars. Pop. 1,300. Wayne, t., Clermont co., O. Drained by Stone Lick fork of Little Miami r. It has 3 stores, cap. ¥1,350 ; 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 4 sch. 160 scholars. Pop. 976. Wayne, t., Clinton co., O. Watered by Paint cr. It has 1 store, cap. $345 ; 3 grist m., 6 sch. 523 scholars. Pop. 1,366. Wayne, t., Columbiana co., O. Drained by WAY 709 WE A branches of Little Beaver cr. It has 6 sch. 230 scholars. Pop. 812. Waynk, t., Darke co., O. Drained by a branch of Loramie cr. Pop. 732. Wayne, t., La Fayette co., O. Drained by Paint cr. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $3,400. 14 srh. 330 scholars. Pop. 1,540. Way.ve, t., Jefferson co., O. Drained by Cross cr., which flows into the Ohio r. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,900 ; 2 tanneries, 2 flouring m., 1 grist in., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §5,900. 6 sch. 320 scholars. Pop. 1,74S. Wayne, t., Knox co., O. Drained by Vernon r. and its branches. It has 8 sch. 255 scholars. Pop. 1,276. Wayne, t., Mercer co., O. Pop. 377. Waynesfield, t., Lucas co., O. It has 2 sch. 31 scholars. Pop. 450. Wayne, t., Blontgomery co., O. Miami i. bounds it on the w., by branches of which and of .Mad r. it is dramed. It has 5 sch. 178 scho- lars. Pop. 1,045. Wayne, t., Monroe co., O. Drained by head branches of Little Muskingum r. It has 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 6S4. Wayne, t., 3Iuskingum co., O. Pop. 1,276. Wayne, t., Warren co.. O. Watered by Little Miami r. and its branches. It has 8 sch. 636 scholars. Pop. 3,392. Wayne, t., Pickaway co., O. Watered by Scioto r. The Ohio canal passes through it, on M'liich is Montgomery v. It has 1 flouring m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,500. 1 sch. 95 scholars. Pop. 779. Wayne, t., Tuscarawas co., O. Organized in 1810. It has 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 distilleries, 4 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,100. 13'sch. 844 scholars. Pop. 2,142. Wayne, t., Cass co., Mich. It has 1 tannery, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,190. Pop. 335. Wayne, t., Allen co., la. It has 5 sch. 210 scholars. Pop. 2,080. Wayne, t., Bartholomew co., la. It has 1 sch. 80 scholars. Pop. 954. Wayne, t., Hamilton co., la. Pop. 798. Wayne, t., Henry co., la. It has 4 sch. 92 scholars. Pop. 1,763. Wayne, t., Marion co., la. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 tannery, 3 distilleries, 6 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,800. 9 sch. 227 scho- lars. Pop. 1,959. Wayne, t., Montgomery co., la. It has 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 603. Wayne, t.. Noble co., la. It has 1 saw m., 1 sch. 10 scholars. Pop. 148. Wayne, t., Owen co., la. It has 3 sch. 90 scholai's. Pop. 834. Wayne, t., Randolph co., la. It has 1 store, cap. .$500 ; 1 grist m., 3 saw m., 2 sch. 30 scho- lars. Pop. 661. Wayne, t., Wayne co., la. It has 4 sch. 273 scholars. Pop. 2,412. Waynesborough, p-b., Washington t., Frank- lin CO., Pa., 53 w. s. w. Harri.sburg, 80 W. It contains 2 churches — 1 common to Presbyterians and Lutherans, and 1 German Reformed — 1 acad. 24 students, 1 sch. 42 scholars, 150 dwellings, and about 799 inhabitants. The country around it is productive. Waynesborough, p-v., Augusta co., Va., 30 w. by N. Charlotiesville, 105 w. n. w. Richmond, 147 W. Situated at the w. foot of the Blue Ridge, on South r., and contains 2 churches, an academy, a public library, several mills, exten- sive manufacturing e.stabUshraents, and about 60 dwellings. Waynesborough, p-v., capital of Wayne co., N. C, 51 s. E. Raleigh, 281 W. Situated on the N. side of Neuse r., immediately below the mouth of Little r., and contains a court house, jail, and about 325 inhabitants. Waynesborough, p-v., capital of Burke co., Ga., 82 E. Milledgeville, 605 W. Situated on a branch of Brier cr., and contains a court house, jail, an academy, 2 churches — 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist — 6 stores, and 30 dwellings. Waynesborough, p v., capital of Wayne co., Tenn., 99 s. w. Nashville, 776 W. Situated on the vv. side of Green r., a branch of Buffalo r., and contains a court house, jail, and about 75 in- habitants. Way.vesburg, p-b., Franklin t., Greene co.. Pa., 222 w. by s. Harrisburg, 229 W. Situated near the N. bank of Ten Mile cr., 12 ms. from its mouth. Incorporated in 1HI6, and contains a court house of brick, a jail of stone, an academy, 3 churches — one of brick, 1 of stone, and 1 of wood — 9 stores, 4 tanneries, 1 brewery, and about 90 dwellings, many of them of brick or hewn stone. Waynesburg, p-v., Sandy t., Starke co., O., 131 N. E. Columbus, 308 W. Situated on Sandy cr. and on the line of the Sandy and Beaver canal, and contains 1 church, 9 stores, 4 ware- houses, 20 mechanic shops, 2 tanneries, 1 brew- ery, 75 dwellings, and about 450 inhabitants. In the vicinity are 1 flouring m. and 2 saw m., and other manufacturing establishments. Waynesburg, p-v., Lincoln co., Ky., 67 s. s. E. Frankfort, 578 W. Situated on a branch of Buck cr., and contains about 30 inhabitants. Waynesville, p-v., capital of Haywood co., N. C, 29 w. by s. Raleigh, 324 W. Situated on a branch of Big Pigeon r., which flows into French Broad r. It contains a court house, jail, and 100 inhabitants. Waynesville, p-v., Wayne co., Ga., 247 s. e. Milledgeville, 756 W. It contains an academy and about 130 inhabitants. Waynesville, p-v., Warren co., O., 10 n. e. Lebanon. Situated on Little Miami r., and con- tains a large Friends church, 90 dwellings, and about 550 inhabitants. Inhabited chiefly by Friends. Waynesville, p-v., McLean co.. 111., 55 n. e. Springfield, 751 W. Situated on the s. side of Kickapoo cr., and contains 1 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist church, 8 stores, and about 200 in- habitants. Waynesville, p-v., capital of Pulaski co.. Mo., 70 s. JeflTerson City, 9S5 W. Situated on the E. side of Gasconade r., and contains a court house, jail, and about 125 inhabitants. Waynetown, p-v., Montgomery co., la., 55 w. N. w. Indianapolis, 626 W. Situated on the s. side of Coal cr., a branch of Wabash r. Wea, p-v., Tippecanoe co., la., 60 n. w. In- dianapolis, 631 W. Weakly, county, Tenn. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 680 sq. ras. Drained by numerous branches of Obion r., which flows into Mississippi r. Capital, Dresden. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,931, sheep 5,882, swine 24,085; wheat 44,229 bush, pro- duced, rye 1,240, Indian corn 454,248, oats 64,421, potatoes 22,849, tobacco 462,9S6 pounds, cotton 24,167; 11 stores, cap. $77,000; 2 tanneries, 6 di.vtilleries, 2 flouring m., 10 grist m., 9 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 vveekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $32,950. 4 acad. 117 students, 14 sch. 295 scholars. Pop. whites 8,072, slaves 1,796, free col'd 2 ; total, 9,870. Weare, p-t., Hillsboro' co., N. II., 14 s. w. WEE 710 WEL Concord, 473 W. The surface is uneven and rough ; soil, well cultivated. Drained by a branch of Pi.scataquog r., which affords water power. Incorporated in 1764. It has 5 stores, cap. $8,200; 4 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 cotton {m% 764 sp., 4 tanneries, 7 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $48,593. 1 acad. 50 students, 26 s(;h. 734 scholars. Pop. 2,375. Weare's Bridgk, p-v., Belknap CO., N. H., 34 N. v.. Concord, 515 W. Wear's Cove, p-o., Sevier co., Tenn., 217 e. by s. Nashville, 509 W. Weathersfield, p-t., Windsor co., Vt., 74 s. JMontpclier, 464 W. Bounded E. by Connecti- cut r. Watered by Black r., which affords wa- ter power. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil, fertile, adapted to grazing. It has fine mea- dows on Connecticut r. and on Black r. Char- tered in 1761. Organized in 1778. It contains 3 churches — 2 Congregational and 1 Methodist. Perkinsville is a flourishing manufactnring v., situated in the s. w. part of the t., and contains 2 churches and a woollen fac. There are in the t. 6 stores, cap. $19,200; 3 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $48,383. 12 sch. 703 scholars. Pop. 2,081. Weathersfield, t, Trumbull co., O., 7 s. e. Warren. Watered by Mahoning r., along which passes the Pa. and O. canal. It contains 2 stores, 1 ibrge, 1 furnace, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 9 sch. 500 scholars. Pop. 1,447. Weaversville, p-v., Allen t, Northampton CO., Pa., 100 E. N. E. Harrisburg, 193 W. It con- tains 1 store, 1 mill, 1 tannery, and 8 or 10 dwell- ings. Webbs, p-o., Newton co., Ga., 71 n. w. Mil- ledpeville, 63S W. Webb's Farm, p-o., Marion co., la., 10 In- dianapolis, 579 W. Webb's Ford, p-o., Rutherford co., N. C, 215 w. by s. Raleigh, 452 W. Webb's Mills, p-o.. Wood co., Va., 214 w. N. w. Richmond, 2S3 W. Webster, p-t., Lincoln co., 3Ie., 31 s. Augusta, 574 W. It has 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,625. 12 sch. 403 scholars. Pop. 1,134. Webster, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 56 w. s. w. Boston, 394 W. French r., a branch of Quin- nebaug r., runs on its v/. border, and affords wa- ter power. It has a large pond in its s. part, 3 ms. long, the outlet of which flows i\. w. itUo French r., and affords water power. The v. con- tains 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist church, and seve- ral manufactories. A remnant of (lie Nipmuck Indians reside here. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $8,000; 1 woollen fac, 5 cotton fac. 9,100 sp., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $198,600. 4 sch. 278 scholars. Pop. 1,403. Webster, p-t., Monroe co., N. Y., 214 w. by N. Albany, 371 W. The surface is generally level or slightly undulating ; soil, sand and gravelly loam. Drained by small creeks flow- ing into Lake Ontario, which bounds it on the n. It lias 2 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 15 sch. 747 scholars. Pop. 2,235. Webster, p-t., Washtenaw co., Mich., 49 w. by s. Detroit, 542 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. Portage lake lies in its n. w. part. Drained by Huron r. It has several ponds. Weedsport, p-v., Brutus t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 7 N. Auburn, 155 w. Albany, 34l'W. Situ- ated on the Erie canal. Incorporated in 1831, and contains 2 churches, 8 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 120 dwellings, and about 8u0 inhabit- 1 ants. j Weehadlee, p-o., Randolph co., Ala., 185 e. Tuscaloosa, 755 W. Week'.s Mills, p-o., Kennebec co., Me., 13 Augusta, 608 W. Weewakaville, p-v., Talladega co., Ala., 107 e. Tuscaloosa, 770 W. Weissenburg, t., Lehigh co.. Pa., 72 e. by n'. Harrisburg, 180 W. The surface is hilly and broken ; soil, gravelly. Watered by Jordan cr. and its tributaries. Willow run and Linn run. It contains 2 churches, and has 2 stores, capital $8,500; 4 tanneries, 15 distilleries, 6 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,700. 4 sch. Ill scholars. Pop. 1,427. Weisesburg, p-v., Baltimore co., Md., 53 n. Annapolis, 65 W. Welborn, t., Conwav co.. Ark. It hoe 1 acad. 22 students. Pop. '683. Welche's Mills, p-o., Cabarrus co., N. C, 151 w. by s. Rideigh, 383 W. Weld, p-t., Franklin co.. Me., 47 vv. n. w. Au- gusta, 624 W. It contains a large pond near its centre, into which several streams flow, and the outlet of which forms a considerable r., flowing into Androscoggin r. The surface is diversified; soil, fertile, adapted to grain. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000; 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 4 saw. Cap. in manufac. $6,425. 11 sch. 425 scholars. Pop. 1,045. Weldon, p-v., Halifox co., N. C, 93 n. e. Ra- leigh, 204 W. Situated on the s. vv. side of Ro- anoke r., at the great falls, 12 ms. above Halifax. It contains about 150 inhabitants. Below the falls the r. is navigable to Albemarle sound. There is a canal above this place around the falls, 12 rns. long, with a lockage of 100 feet. Above the falls, the Roanoke is made boalable to Stanton r., over 200 ms. Wellborn's Mills, p-o., Hanston co., Ga., 52 s. w. Milledgeville, 700 VV. Wellersburg, p-v., Somerset CO., Pa., 128 w. by s. Harrisburg, 145 W. Wellfleet, p-i., Barnstable co., Mass., 105 s. E. Boston, 506 W. Situated on Cape Cod, ex- tending across it, about halfway from the elbow to the N. point. Bounded e. by the Atlantic and w. by Cape Cod bay. The soil is sandy and un- productive. The V. is on the w. side of the Cape, and has a good harbor on a bay which sets up from Cape Cod bay, protected by several islands at its mouth. It is surrounded by sand hills, and contains 2 Congregational churches. It has con- siderable shipping employed in the coasting trade and the cod and mackerel fisheries, which em- ploy most of the inhabitants. Salt is extensively manufactured. It has 15 stores, cap. $19,400 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $2,200 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m. Cap. in manufac $4,150. 10 sch. 640 scholars. Pop. 2,377. Welllvgton, p-t., Piscataquis CO., Mc, 62 n. by e. Augusta, 657 W. A branch of Sebasticook r. crosses its s. w. corner. The surface is undu- lating; soil, productive. Pop. 722. Wellington, p-o., Cnmillus t., Onondaga CO., N. Y., 144 w. by n. Albany, 352 W. Wellington, p-t., Lorain co., O., 101 n. n. e. Columbus, 370 W. Drained by branches of Black r. It has 3 sch. 90 scholars. Pop. 781. Wellington, p-o., Desha co.. Ark., 133 s. e. Little Rock, 1,071 W. Wellington, p-v.. La Fayette co., 3Io., 144 w. N. w. Jefferson City, 1,058 W. Situated on the s. bank of the Missouri r. Wells, county, la. Situated in the e. toward the N. part of the state, and contains 372 sq. rns. Organized in 1837. Wabash r. runs centrally through it, and affords good water power. There WEL 711 WES were in 1840, neat cattle 1,554, sheep 531, swine 3,466 ; wlieat 4,746 bush, produi-ed, Ind. corn 43,3S], oats 3,911, potatoes 6,827, sugar 7,519 pounds ; 4 stores, cap. .s5,650 ; I tannery, 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,520. 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. I,8i2. Wells, r., Vt., rises ia a pond in the N. w. part of Groton, and running about 2 ms., enters Long Pond, which is about 2 ins. long and 100 rods wide, and thence pursues a s. k. course, un- til its enters Connecticut r., in the n. e. part of Newbury. It is a rapid stream and affords good water power. Connecticut r. is navigable to the mouth of this r., where is a v. Wklls, p-t., York co.. Me., 30 s. w. by s. Port- land, 79 s. w. by s. Augusta, 513 W. Bounded s. F. by the Atlantic, into which several small streams flow, affording water power. The soil is indifferent, containing extensive salt marsh. It has a harbor, which admits small vessel.*, at tjie mouth of a r. It has some vessels employed in the coasting and West India trade, and some ship building. It has 13 stores, cap. $7,650 ; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 4 grist m., 16 saw m. Cap. in mauuliic. $600. 21 sch. 1,215 scholars. Pop. 2,978. Wells, p-t., Rutland co., Vt., 83 s. s. w. Mont- pelier, 438 W. It contains Lake Austin, a large pond partly in Poultney, 5 ms. long, and in some places 14 ms. wide, covering 2,000 acres. The outlet affords water power, and flows into Pawlet r. First settled in 1771, organized in 1773. It contains 3 churches — 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist, and 1 L'nion. Tiiero is a small v. at the outlet of the pond, which contains a church, a store, and several mechanic shops and dwellings. There are in the t. 1 store, cap. $2,000; 1 fulling •p , 1 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in rnanufac. $7,700. 8 sch. 224 scholars. Pop. 740. Wells, p-t., Hamilton co., N. Y., 60 n. n. w. Albany, 438 W. The surface is various ; soil, adapted to grazing and summer crops. Drained by Sacondaga r. It has 1 store, cap. $1,0L»0; 1 grist rn., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,700. 3 sch. 90 scholars. Pop. 365. Wells, t., Bradford co , Pa. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly loam. Drained by South or. and its tributaries, and by a branch of Seely cr. flowing into Tioga r. in N. Y. It has 1 st^)re, cap. $2,000 ; 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,250. 8 sch. 355 scholars. Pop. 873. Wells, t, Jefferson co., O. Ohio r. runs on its s. E. border. Drained by a branch of Cross cr., and by small streams flowing into tlie Ohio. It ha? 1 store, cap. $700; 1 lumber yard, cap. $2,000 ; 2 distilleries, 6 fulling m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $19,4U0. 7 sch. 450 scholars. Pop. 1,492. Wells, t., Macon co.. Mo. Pop. 630. Wellsborough, p-v., capital of Tioga co.. Pa., 145 N. by w. Harrisburg, 259 W. Situated on Crooked cr., 3 ms. from the navigable waters of Pine cr. It contains a court house, jail, an acad- emy, 4 stores, several mechanic shops, 2 tanner- ies, 1 distillery, 1 printing office, and about 50 dwellings. Wellsburg, p-v., capital of Brooke co., Va., 16 N. by e. Wheeling, 344 N. w. Richmond, 205 W. Situated on the E. side of Ohio r., at the mouth of Buffalo cr., and contains a court house, jail, county offices, a market house, a bank, an academy, the Jefferson seminary, a female semi- nary, 4 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist, and 1 Disci^jles — 250 dwellings, and about 2,000 inhabitants. It has various mills and manufactories, and is surrounded by inexhausti- ble beds of bituminous coal. Wells Corners, p-o., ftlinisink t.. Orange co., N. Y., 115 s. s. w. Albany, 275 W. Wells River, p-o., Orange co., Vt., 33 e. s. e. Montpelier, 524 W. Situated at the v., at the mouth of Wells r. Wellsville, p-v., Scio t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 270 w. by s. Albany, 316 W. Situated on the E. side of Genesee r., and contains 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 35 dweUings, and about 250 inhabitants. Wellsville, p-v., Yellow Creek t., Colum- biana CO., O., 51 E. N. E. Columbus, 272 W. Sit- uated on the N. bank of Ohio r., at the mouth of Little Yellow cr., and contains 3 forwarding and commission houses, 1 wholesale grocery, several stores, 1 steam saw m., 1 steam flouring m., 1 air furnace, and a boat-yard. Two steam-packets ply daily lo Pittsburg, and a mail steamboat plies daily to Wheeling. The annual exportation of flour exceeds 30,000 barrels, and the trade with the interior is extensive. Pop. 759. Wellwood. p-v., Haywood co., Tenn., 154 w. s. w. Nashville, 839 W. Welshfield, p-o., Geauga co., O., 160 n. e. Columbus, 326 W. Welsh Run, p-o., Montgomery t., Franklin co., Pa., 67 w. s. w. Harrisburg, 80 W. This stream is a tributary of the w. branch of Conecocheague creek. Welsh's Creek, p-o., Butler co., Ky., 131 s. w. Frankfort, 673 W. Wenuell, p-t., Sullivan co., N. H., 41n. w. Concord, 479 W. More than one half of Sunapee lake, which contains 4,095 acres, lies in this t. It Ibrms the principal source of Sugar r. Incor- porated in 1731. It has 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 6 sch. 300 scholars. Pop. 795. Wendell, p-t., Franklin co., Mass., 78 w. by N. Boston, 403 W. The surface is uneven and hilly ; soil, fertile. Bounded n. by Miller's r., wliich affords water power. It contains a Con- gregational and a Baptist church. Incorporated in 1731. It has 3 stores, cap. $4,100 ; 1 grist m. 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. .$2,525. Pop. 875. Wenham, p-t., Essex co., Mass., 20 n. by E. Boston, 460 W. Wenham pond, a beautiful sheet of water, lies on its s. border, from which flows a branch of Ipswich r. It contains 1 Congrega- tional and 1 Baptist church. Incorporated in 1643, when it was called Enon, from its vicinity to Salem, and the fine water of its pond. It has 1 store, cap. $350. Cap. in manufac. $2,800. 4 sch. 120 scholars. Pop. 639. Wenlock, t., Essex co., Vt., 53 n. e. Montpe- lier. Chartered in 1761, but is unorganized, and contains but a few families. Watered by a branch of Nulhegan r. 1,200 pounds of sugar were manufactured in 1840. The surface is elevated and mountainous. Pop. 23. Wentworth, p-t., Grafton co., N. H., 56 n. n. w. Concord, 517 W. Watered by Baker's r. The surlace is hilly and mountainous ; soil, fer- tile, especially on the streams. Limestone and iron ore are found. Chartered in 1766. It has 3 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $11,380. 10 sch. 306 scholars. Pop. 1,119. Wentworth, p-v., capital of Rockingham co., N. C, 1 16 N. w. Raleigh, 235 W. Situated on a branch of Dan r. It contains a court house, jail, and about 100 inhabitants. Wert's Grove, p o., Franklin co., O., 12 Co- lumbus, 397 W. Wesaw, t., Berrien co., Mich. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,000. 2 sch. 45 scholars. Pop. 142. Weslev, p-t., Washington co., Me., 169 e. WES 712 WES Augusta, 751 W. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 2 sell. 119 scholars. Pop. 25.5. Wesley, p-o., Venango co., Pa., 220 n. w. Harrisburg, 271 W. Wf:sLEY, p-t., Washington co., O., 94 E. s. e. Columbus, 315 W. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil, fertile, and generally well cultiva- ted. Pop. 1,132. Weslev, p-v., Haywood co., Tenn., 174 w. s. w. Nashville, 859 W. Wesley, p-v., Fulton co., la., 107 n. Indian- apolis, 610 W. Wesleyville, p-v., Mill Creek t., Erie co.. Pa., 274 N. w. Harrisburg, 347 W. Wesse-x, p-o., Essex t. and co., N. Y., 135 n. Albany, 510 W. West, t., Huntingdon co.. Pa., 8 n. Hunting- ton b. The surface is mountainous ; soil, in the valleys, calcareous Inam. Walered by the Frankslown branch of Juniata r. It has 3 stores, cap. $17,500; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 forges, 1 distillery, 1 (louring m., 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,595. 4 sch. 144 scholars. Pop. 1,629. West, t., Columbiana co., O. Situated on the line of the Sandy and Beaver canal. Drain- ed by branches of Sandy cr. It has 7 sch. 205 scholars. Pop. 1,915. West Addison, p-o., Addison t., Steuben co., N. Y., 233 w. by s. Albany, 298 W. West Alburg, p-o., Alburg t., Grand Isle co., Vt., 91 N. w. Montpelier, 565 W. West Alexandrl\, p-v., Donegal t., Wash- ington CO., Pa., 225 w. Harrisburg, 253 W. Situ- ated on the national road, and contains 1 Pres- byterian church, 3 stores, and about 50 dwell- ings. West Alexandria, p-v , Preble co., O., 188 w. by s. Columbus, 481 W. It is situated on the w. bank of Twin cr., on the line of 2 townships, Twin and Lanier. It contains 1 Lutheran church, 3 stores, 40 dwellings, and about 250 inhabit- ants. West Almond, p-t., Alleghany co., N. Y., 6 E. Angelica, 255 w. by s. Albany, 330 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, a fertile clay loam. Drain- ed by Angelica cr. It has 1 store, cap. $2,500 ; 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,000. 12 sch. 330 scholars. Pop. 808. West Alton, p-v., Alton t., Belknap co., N. H., 36n. E.Concord, 517 W. West Amesbiiry, p-o.. Amesbury t., Essex CO., Mass., 41 N. e. Boston, 471 W. West Argyle, p-o., Argyle t., Penobscot co.. Me.. 87 N. E. Augusta, 683 W. West Arlington, p-v., Arlington t., Ben- nmgton co., Vt., 106 s. w. Montpelier, 416 W. West Auburn, p-o.. Auburn t., Susquehanna CO., Pa., 165 N. N. e. Harri.sburg, 276 W. West Baldwin, p-o., Baldwin t., Cumberland CO., Me., 76 s. w. Augusta, 552 W. West Barnstable, p v., Barnstable t. and CO., Mass., 68 s. s. e. Boston, 469 W. West Barre, p-o., Barre t., Huntingdon co., Pa., 88 w. Harrisburg, 166 W. West Beavkr Dam, p-o., Beaver Dam t., Erie co.. Pa., 271 n. w. Harrisburg, 352 W. West Becket, p-o., Becket t., Berkshire co., Mass., 121 w. Boston, 373 W. West Bedford, p-v., Bedford t., Coshocton CO., O., 73 N. E. Columbus, 350 W. It contains 3 stores, 1 tannery, 25 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. West Bedford, p-v.. White co., la., 81 N. w. Indianapolis, 640 W. Situated on w. side of Tippecanoe r., and contains about 25 inhabit- tants. West Berkshire, p-o., Berkshire t., Frank lin CO., Vt., 71 N. N. w. Montpelier, 556 W. West Bergen, p-o., Bergen t., Genesee co., N. Y. West Bethel, p-o., Bethel t., Oxford co., 3Ie., 67 w. Augusta, 606 W. West Bethlehe.vi, t., Washington co., Pa., 12 s. E. Washington b. The surface is hilly; soil, loam. Coal is abundant. The national road passes through it. It has 2 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,300. Pop. 1,743. West BLOOMriELD, p-t., Ontario co., N. Y., 219 w. Albany, 355 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, clay. Drained by Honeoye cr. The v. has an elevated situation, and contains 3 churches — 2 Presbyterian and 1 Methodist — 4 stores, 1 furnace, 75 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants. There are in the t. 9 stores, cap. $20,400 ; 2 ful- ling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 3 potteries, 4 grist m., 6 saw ni. Cap. in manufac. $140,940. 1 acad. 95 students, 17 sch. 646 schol- ars. Pop. 2,094. West Bloo.mfield, p-v., Bloomfield t., Essex CO., N. J., 56 N. E. Trenton, 226 W. Bloomfield V. and W. Bloomfield may be considered as one settlement, which extends about 3 ms. in a n. w. direction, the whole containing 300 dwellings, and about 1,800 inhabitants. The leather trade and slioeraaking are extensive, and there are several mills and factories. West Bloo.mfield, p-t., Oakland co., Mich., 32 N. w. Detroit, 554 W. It has several small lakes which discharge their waters into Clinton r. It has 1 flouring m., 1 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $2,000. Pop. 938. Westborough, p-t., Worcester co., 3Iass., 30 w. Boston, 412 W. The surface is pleasantly diversified ; soil, fertile. Watered by branches of Concord and Sudbury rivers, which afford wa- ter power. It contains 1 Congregational, 1 Uni- tarian, and 1 Baptist church. The v. at the cen- tre contains about 50 dwellings. There arc in the t. 3 stores, cap. $17,000; 2 lumber yards, cap. $7,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $27,900. 8 sell. 453 scholars. Pop. 1,65S. West Boscawen, p-o., Boscawen t, Merri- mac CO., N. H., 19 n. w. Concord, 484 W. West Bo.xford, p-o., Boxford t., Essex co., Mass., 27 N. Boston, 460 W. West Boyleston, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 42 w. Boston, 405 W. It has 2 cotton fac. 3,500 sp. Cap. in manufac. $5,000. 5 sch. 309 schol- ars. Pop. 1,187. West Bradford, p-o., Bradford t., Essex co., Mass., 32 N. Boston, 463 W. West Bradford, t., Chester co.. Pa., 11 s. w. Chester, 33 w. Philadelphia. The surface is hilly ; soil, calcareous loam. Brandyvvine r. rnns on its s. w. boundary, by branches of which it is drained, and which afford water power. It has 5 stores, cap. $18,000; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,180. 6 sch. 220 scholars. Pop. 1,562. West Braintree, p-o., Braintree t.. Orange CO., Vt., 32 s. s. w. Montpelier, 495 W. West Branch, p-o., Grafton co., N. H., 44 N. Concord, 525 W. West Branch, p-o.. Western t., Oneida co., N. Y., 120 w. N. w. Albany, i04 W. West Brattleboro', p v., Brattleboro' t, Windham co., Vt., 123 s. Montpelier, 424 W. West Brewster, p o., Brewster t., Barnsta- ble CO., Mass., 87 s. e. Boston, 488 W. West Bridge water, p-t., Plymoutli eo., Mass., WES 713 WES 25 s. Boston. Surface, level ; soil, fertile. Drain- ed by a branch of Taunton r., which affords wa- ter power. Chartered in 1822, first settled in 1641. It contains 3 churches — 1 Unitarian, 1 Baptist, and 1 iVew Jerusalem. It has 4 stores. Cap. ,§3,300 ; 3 furnaces, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $24,525. 7 sch. 285 scholars. Pop. 1,201. West Brook, t., Cumberland co.. Me., 52 s. s. w. Augusta. Presumpscot r. passes through it from w. to E., affording good water power. It contains the manufacturing v. of Sacarappa, and another called Stroudwater, which has some navigation, employed in the coasting trade and the fisheries. The Cumberland and Oxford ca- nal passes through the t. There are in the t. 24 stores, cap. i3!l3,H50; 2 fulling m., 2 furnaces, 8 tanneries, 10 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $236,460. 2 acad. 80 students, 15 sch. 1,439 scholars. Pop. 4,116. West Brook, p-t., Middlesex co., Ct., 47 s. by E. Hartford, 33'.) \V. The v. is situated at the entrance of Pochaug r. into a small cove, which sets up from Long Island sound. It contains a Congregational and a Methodist church. Ship building is carried on, and 15 vessels are owned, employed chiefly in the coasting trade. First fettled in 1664. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $6,000; 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,100. 6 sch. 190 scholars. Pop. 1,182. West Brook, p-c, Bladen co., N. C, 117 s. Raleigh, 396 W. West Brookfield, p-o., Brookfield t., Wor- cester CO., Mass., 62 w. Boston, 391 W. West Brookville, p-o., Mamakating t., Sul- livan CO., N. Y., 118 s. w. Albany, 274 W. West Brooksville, p-o., Brooksville t., Han- cock CO., Me., 80 e. Augusta. West Brunswick, t., Schuylkill co., Pa. Pop. 1,701. West Buckfield, p-o., Buckfield t., 0.\ford CO., Me., 35 w. by s. Augusta, 594 W. West Buffalo, t.. Union co.. Pa., 8 n. w. New Berlin. The surface is diversified ; soil, calca- reous loam. Drained by White Deer, Buffalo, and Penn's creeks. It has 2 tanneries, 2 distil- leries, 4 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $8,150. 7 sch. 380 scholars. Pop. 1,460. West Buffalo, p-o., Scott co., Iowa. Westburg, p-o., Williams co., O., 160 n. w. Columbus, 512 W. West Burli.ngto.v, p-o., Burlington t., Otsego CO., N. Y., 86 w. Albany, 358 W. West Burlington, po., Burhngton t., Brad- ford CO., Pa., 148 .-v. by e. Harrisburg, 258 W. West Cambridge, p-t., 3Iiddlesex co., Mass., 6 N. w. Boston, 446 W. The surface in the s. part is low and swampy, in tlie n. broken and rocky, the middle is dry and healthy ; soil, fer- tile and well cultivated. The v. is on a single street, 1 m. long, and contains 3 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Baptist, and 1 Universalist. Incorporated in 1S07. Alewife brook separates it from Cambridge, and affords water power. It contains Spy pond. Tliere are in the t. 16 stores, cap. $40,000; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 1 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. $155,600. 1 acad. 9 students, 3 sch. 277 scholars. Pop. 1,363. West Camden, p-o., Camden t., Wald-) co., Me., 48 E. s. E. Augusta-, 625 W. West Camden, p-o., Cansden t., Oneida co., N. Y., 133 w. N. w. Albany, 394 W. West Camp, p-v., Saugerties t., Ulster co., N. Y., 42 s. by w. Albany, 334 W. Situated on the w. side of Hudson r., with a convenient land- ing, 4 ms. above Ulster v. West Caln, t., Chester co., Pa., 44 w. by n. 90 Philadelphia. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravel, fertile, and well cultivated. The w. branch of Brandywine r. flows on its e. boundary, and af- fords water power. It has 5 stores, cap. $10,600 ; 2 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 1,084 sp., 1 tannery, 2 flouring m., 3 grist m., 5 saw ra. Cap. in man- ufac. $14,730. 6 ech. 220 scholars. Pop. 1,383. West Canaan, p-v., Canaan t., Madison co., O., 22 w. by N. Columbus, 415 W. Situated in Amity v., on the w. side of Big Darby cr. It contains 1 brick churcli, 2 stores, 1 woollen fac, 1 savy m., and about 25 dwellings. West Canada Creek. N. Y ., rises in Hamil- ton CO., and flows into Mohawk r., 1 m. above Herkimer v. It is a rapid stream, and affords great water power. The celebrated Trenton falls are on this stream, 20 ms. above its mouth, where is a succession of cataracts, within 4 ms., of over 300 feet descent. West Candor, p-o., Candor t., Tioga co., N- Y., 175 w. s. w. Albany, 284 W. West Carlisle, p-v., Pike t, Coshocton co., O., 72 N. E. Columbus, 354 W. Situated on the Ohio canal, and contains 2 churches, 3 stores, 20 mechanic shops, 40 dwellings, and about 250 in- habitants. West Carlton, p-o., Carlton t., Orleans co., N. Y., 262 w. by n. Albany, 405 W. West Carrollton, p-v.. Green t., Fairfield CO., O., 25 s. E. Columbus, 3-i5 W. West Catlin, p-o., Catlin t., Chemung co., N. Y., 197 w. by s. Albany, 299 W. West Cayuta, p-o., Cayuta t., Chemung co., x\. Y., 195 w. by s. Albany, 296 W. West Charlesto.n, p-v., Charleston t, Pe- nobscot CO., Me., 93 N. N. e. Augusta, 638 W. West Charleston, p-v., Charleston t., Or- leans CO., Vt., 64 N. N. e. Montpelier, 580 W. Situated on Clyde r. West Charleston, p-v., Bethel t., Miami co., O., 78 w. Columbus, 471 W. It contains 1 church, 3 stores, 25 dwellings, and about 150 in- habitants. West Charlton, p-v., Charlton t., Saratoga; CO., N. Y., 33 N. N. w. Albany, 401 W. It con- tains 1 church, 1 store, and about 25 dwellings, and is an agricultural settlement. West Chateaugay, p-o., Chateaugay t., Frank- lin CO., N. Y., 207 N. by w. Albany, 546 W. West Chazy, p-v., Chaz^y t., Clinton co., N, Y., 173 N. Albany, 547 W. Situated on Little Chazy r., and contains 1 Presbyterian church, 7 stores, 1 woollen fac, I grist m., 1 saw m., and about 35 dwellings. West Chemung, p-o., Chemung co., N. Y., 188 w. by s. Albany, 274 W. Westchester, county, N. Y. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 470 sq. ms. Hudson r. bounds it on the w., and Long Island sound on the s. E. The surface is uneven and hilly ; soil, in many parts, fertile and highly cul- tivated. Drained by Bronx, Sawmill, and Cro- ton rivers. Marble is abundant at Sing Sing and the vicinity, and some copper ore has been found. Capital, White Plains. There were in 1840, neat cattle 26,131, sheep 20,043, swine 155,187; wheat 35,267 bush, produced, rye 99,574, Indian com 318,028, buckwheat 57,226, barley 1,181, oats 449,090, potatoes 620,920 ; 198 stores, capital $525,900 ; 6 furnaces, 7 fulling m., 5 woollen fac, 11 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 potteries, 5 flouring' m., 49 grist m., 56 saw m., 1 paper fac, 5 printing offices, 5 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac- $616/)55. 24 acad. 703 students, 121 sch. 3,922 scliolars. Pop. 48,686. West Chester, p-o., Chester t., Rockingham CO., N. H., 21 s. s. E. Concord, 469 W. WES 714 WES West Chester, p-v., Colchester t., New Lon- don CO., Ct., 29 s. s. E. Hartford, 343 W. It has a Congregational church, and a grammar school sustained hy a fund, and is a pleasant agricultural settlement. Westchester, p-t., Westchester cc, N. Y., 146 s. Albany, 237 W. The surface is rolling or hilly ; soil, clay loam, fertile and well cultivated. Drained by Bronx r. Harlem and East rivers are on the s. It contains the villages of 3Iorri- siana and Fordham. The Harlem rail-cars pass many times daily from the City Hall, N. \ ., to the latter. Westchester v. is situated on West- chester cr., and contains 3 churches — 1 Episco- pal, 1 Methodist, and 1 Friends — 4 stores, 1 grist m., 50 dwellings, and about 400 inliabitants. It has a convenient landing, and 3 sloops ply to jNew York. There are in the t. 4 sch. 142 schol- ars. Pop. 4,154. West Chester, p-b., capital of Chester cc. Pa., 73 E. s. E. Harrisburg, 118 W. Situated 2 ms. w. of Brandywine r. Incorporated in 1791) as a borough. It is regularly laid out, with streets crossing each other at right angles, and contains a court house, jail, county offices, an academy, a bank, 2 market houses, 5 churches — 1 Presby- terian, 1 Methodist, 2 Friends, and 1 Roman Catholic — an atheneum with a reading room, a cabinet of natural science, which supports lec- tures, a library ; 32 stores, cap. $111,600 ; 1 brew- ery, 1 pottery, 4 printing offices, 4 weekly news- papers. Cap. in manufac. $73,450. 5 acad. 364 students, 6 sch. 142 scholars. Pop. 2,152. West Chester, p-v.. Union t., Butler co., O., 106 vv. s. w. Columbus, 490 W. West Claremont, p-o., Claremont t., Sulli- van CO., N. H., 53 w. N. w. Concord, 460 W. West Clarksville, p-o., Clarksville t., Al- leghany CO., N. Y., 289 w. by s. Albany, 308 W. West Conesus, p-o., Conesus t., Livingston CO., N. Y., 234 w. Albany, 343 W. West Cornwai>l, p-o., Cornwall t., Litch- field CO., Ct., 41 vv. by n. Hartford, 331 W. Sit- uated on the e. side of Housatonic r., and con- tains a Baptist church, a satinet fac, and a few dwellings. West Cocalico, t., Lancaster co.. Pa. The surface is hilly ; soil, red shale and loam. Drain- ed by Cocalico cr. It has 7 stores, cap. $26,000 ; 2 tanneries, 4 flouring m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $25,900. Pop. 1,229. West Constable, p-o., Westville t., Franklin CO., N. Y., 221 N. by w. Albany, 5.50 W. West Creek, p-o., Monmouth co., N. J., 66 e. Trenton, 195 W. West Creek, p-o.. Lake co., la., 170 n. n. w. Indianapolis, 714 W. West Davenport, p-o., Davenport t, Del- aware CO., N. Y., 77 w. s. w. Albany, 354 W. West Day, p-o.. Day t., Saratoga co., N. Y., 60 N. Albany, 428 W. West Dedham, p-v., Dedham t., Norfolk co., Mass., 16 s. w. Boston, 430 W. It contains a Baptist and a Unitarian church. West Deer, t., Alleghany co.. Pa., 16 n. e. Pittsburg. The surface is hilly ; soil, loam. Drained by Deer cr. It has 5 stores, cap. $3,100 ; 4 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,250. 1 acad. 40 students, 6 sch. 402 scholars. Pop. 1,414. West Deerfield, p-o., Deerfield t., Rocking- ham CO., N. H., 14 e. s. e. Concord, 476 W. West Deering, p-o., Deering t., Hillsboro' CO., N. H., 24 s. w. Concord, 464 W. West Dennis, p-o., Dennis t., Barnstable cc, Mass., 83 s. E. Boston, 484 W. West Derby, p-o., Derby t., Orleans co., Vt., 61 .\. Alontpelier, 577 W. West Donegal, t., Lancaster co., Pa., 17 N. w. Lancaster. It has 5 stores, cap. $21,200 ; 1 furnace, 1 distillery, 5 flouring m., 6 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $25,900. 12 sch. 616 scholars Pop. 2,510. West Dresden, p-o., Yates co., N. Y., 190 w. Albany, 327 W. West Dryden, p-v., Dryden t., Tompkins cc, N. Y., 169 w. by n. Albany, 305 W. West Dummerston, p-o., Dumraer.ston t, Windham co., Vt., 119 s. Montpelier, 429 W. West Earl, t., Lancaster co.. Pa., 13 n. w. Lancaster. The surface is rolling ; soil, red shale and gravel. Drained by Conesioga cr. It has 4 stores, cap. $23,500 ; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 5 flouring m.,2 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $26,520. 2 sch. 82 scliolars. Pop. 1,723. West Edmeston, p-o., Edmeston t., Otsego CO., N. Y., 90 w. Albany, 360 W. West Ely, p-o., Marion co., Mo., 119 n. n. e. Jefl!erson City, 933 W. West Embden, p-o., Embden t., Somerset cc, Me., 48 N. N. w. Augusta, 643 W. West Enosburg, p-o., Enosburg t., Franklin CO., Vt., 58 N. n. w. Montpelier, 555 W. Westerloo, p-t., Albany co., N. Y., 22 s. w. Albany, 368 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, in some parts, fertile. Drained by Provost cr., and other tributaries of Catskill cr. It has 8 stores, cap. $31,300 ; 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $13,480. 24 sch. 1,142 scholars. Pop. 3,096. Westerly, p-t., Washington co., R. I., 42 s. s. w. Providence, 373 W. The surface is uneven and rough ; soil, gravelly loam, adapted to graz- ing. Bounded s. by the Atlantic, and w. by Ct. Pawcatuck r. runs on its n. and w. border, and affijrds water power. Pawcatuck v. is situated on Pawcatuck r., in its w. part, 6 ms. from the ocean, and contains 3 churches — 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 free — 2 banks, 2 academies, 8 or 10 stores, 1 cotton fac, and about 60 dwellings Ship building is a considerable business. Ves- sels of 40 tons come to the place, and of 80 tons 2 ms. below. A bridge crosses to Stonington, where is a small connected v. The Providence and Stonington railroad passes through the place. Tiiere are in the t. 12 stores, cap. $24,500; 2 fulling m., 4 woollen fac, 2 cotton fac. 2,536 sp., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $106,450. 14 sch. 574 scholars. Pop. 1,912. Westerman's Mills, p-o., Frederick co., Md. West Feliciana, parish, La. (See Feliciana, West.) Western, t., Oneida co., N. Y., 18 n. w. Utica, 110 w. N. w. Albany. The surface is hilly ; soil, moist loam, and very productive in the valleys Drained by Mohawk r. and its tributaries. It has 2 stores, cap. $11,000; 1 fulling m., 1 wool len fac, 3 tanneries, 3 grist ra., 15 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $33,500. 20 sch. 218 scholars. Fop 3,488. Western Ford, p-o., Randolph co., Va., 240 N. w. Richmond, 266 W. Westernport, p-v., Alleghany co., Md., 84 s. w. Cumberland, 187 w. n. w. Annapolis, 147 W. Situated on the n. side of Potomac r., at the mouth of Savage r. Western Prong, p-o., Bladen cc, N. C, 115 s. Raleigh, 403 W. Western Star, p-o., Medina cc, O., 122 n. E. Columbus, 337 W. Westernville, p-v.. Western t., Oneida cc, N. Y., 109 w. N. w. Albany, 3J9 W. Situated on the s. side of Mohawk r., and contains 1 Pres- WES 715 WES byterian and 1 Fi-ier.ds church, 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw ra., 1 tannery, 40 dwellings, and about 250 inhabitants. Westernville, p-o., Franklin cc, O., 14 Columbus, 406 \V. West Exeter, p-o., Exeter t., Otsego co., N. Y., 81 w. Albany, 371 W. West Fairfield, p-v., Fairfield t., Westmore- land CO., Pa., 160 w. Harrisburg, 186 W. It con- tains 1 store, and 8 or 10 dwellings. West Fairlee, pt., Orange co., Vt., 36 s. e. Montpelier, 505 W. The surface is mountainous and rough ; soil, adapted to grazing. Watered by Onipompanoosuo r. Separated irom Fairlee, and chartered in 1797. It contains a Congrega- tional church. Fairlee lake lies on its s. e. bor- der. It has 1 store, cap. $3,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 1 grist na., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,675. 7 sch. 297 scholars. Pop. 824. W^EST Falmouth, p-o., Falmouth t., Cumber- land CO., Me., 56 s. w. Augusta, 552 W. West Falmouth, p-o., Falmouth t., Barnsta- ble CO., Mass., 71 s. E. by e. Boston, 469 W. West Fallowfield, t., Chester co., Pa., 37 w. Philadelphia. The surface is a gentle de- clivity ; soil, loam and slate. Buck run, Doe run, Pusey cr. run, and Octara creek flow on its boundaries. It has 4 stores, cap. $11,500; 2 woollen fac^ 2 grist m. Cap. in manufac. $1,795. 7 sch. 375 scholars. Pop. 1,717. Westfall, t.. Pike co., Pa. It has 1 sch. 20 scholars. Pop. 359. West Farmingto.v, p-o., Farmington t., On- tario CO., N. Y., 201 w. Albany, 347 W. West Farmington, p-o., Novi t., Oakland co., Mich., 25 N. w. Detroit, 537 W. West Farms, p-v., Westchester t. and co.. N. Y., 11 N. E. New York, 146 s. Albany, 237 W. Situated on Bronx r., and contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Dutch Reformed, and 1 Meth- odist — 12 stores, 2 carpet fac, 1 rug fac, 1 ma- chine shop, 1 grist m., 1 saw m. for sawing ma- hogany, 150 dwellings, and about 1,200 inhabit- ants. West Fayette, p-o., Fayette t., Seneca co., N. Y., 132 w. Albany, 336 W. Westfield, p-l., Orleans co., Vt., 51 n. Mont- pelier, 567 W. The surface is mountainous on the w., but more level on the E., where the soil is fertile. Hazen's Notch, in the vv. branch of the Green mountains, is in the s. w. corner. Wa- tered by Missisque r. and its branches, which af- ford water power. It contains a Congregational church, and several other religious societies. Chartered in 1780, first settled in 1799. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,500 ; 1 tannery, 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,600. 4 sch. 148 scholars. Pop. 370. Westfield, p-t., Hampden co., Mass., 100 w. by s. Boston, 364 W. The surface is level in the centre, though uneven and hilly in otiier parts ; soil, various, and in some parts fertile. Drained by Westfield r., and its tributary Little r., which afford water power. The v. is pleasantly situa- ted on a plain, with a handsome public ground in the centre, and contains a town nouse, an acad- emy, a bank, a Congregational and a Baptist church, several stores, and about 150 dwellings. It has a number of whip fac, which manufacture to a large amount. The Hampshire and Hampden canal passes through the t. Incorporated in 1669. There are in the t. 25 stores, cap. $30,000 ; 1 tan- nery, 4 powder m., 2 paper fac, 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper, 3 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $102,000. 1 acad. 219 students, 19 bch. 667 scholars. Pop. 3,526. Westfield, t., Richmond co., N. Y., 158 s. Albany. Situated on the s. w. part of Staten Island. The surface is generally level ; soil, sandy loam, with some clay. New York lower bay bounds it on the e., andi Staten Island sound on the w. It contains Riclimond v., the capital of th^^. There are are in the t. 6 sch. 22S scholars. Pop. 2,326. Westfield, p-t., Chautauque co., N. Y., 342 w. by s. Albany, 345 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, a fertile loam. Drained by Chautauque cr., and other creeks flowing into Lake Erie, which bounds it on the n. w. The v. is situated on Chautauque cr., H m. from the lake, and con- tains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist — an academy, 14 stores, 2 flour- ing m., 4 saw m., 1 axe fac, 2 clothiers' works, 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 200 dwellings, and about 1,000 inhabitants. There are in the t. 3 commis- sion houses, cap. $14,000 ; 22 stores, cap. $S1,865 ; 3 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 13 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in man- ufac. $61,833. 1 acad. 145 students, 21 sch. 1,316 scholars. Pop. 3,199. Westfield, p-t., Essex co., N. J., 45 n. e. Trenton, 212 W. The surface is hilly n., level s. ; soil, N. clay loam, s. red shale. Rahway r. bounds it on the e.. Green brook on the w. The v. contains 1 Presbyterian church, a store, and 25 or 30 dwellings. There are in the t. 12 stores, cap. .$23,300 ; 1 tannery, 1 paper fac, 5 flouring m., 4 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $110,533. 2 acad. 70 students, 14 sch. 444 schol- ars. Pop. 3,150. Westfield, p-t., Tioga co.. Pa., 168 n. by w. Harrisburg, 282 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravel and clay. Drained by Cowanesque cr., which flows into Tioga r. It has 1 store, cap. $1,000 ; 5 sch. 215 scholars. Pop. 921. Westfield, p-t., Delaware co., O., 28 n. Co- lumbus, 413 W. Watered by the e. fork of Olen- tangy r. It has 6 sch. 170 scholars. Pop. 1,019. Westfield, t., Medina co., O. It has 1 store, cap. $6,000 ; 1 tannery. 4 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac $3,250. 4 sch. 152 scholars. Pop. 1,030. Westfield, p-o., Kalamazoo co., Mich. Westfield, p-o., Hamilton co., la., 27 n. In- dianapolis, 581 W. Westfield, p-o., Clarke co., 111., 106 e. by s. Springfield, 678 W. West Findlay, p-t., Washington co., Pa., 231 w. Harrisburg, 247 W. The surface is very hilly ; soil, loam. Drained by branches of Wheeling cr. It has 1 tannery, 5 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,800. 8 sch. 250 schol- ars. Pop. 1,187. West Florence, p-v., Jackson t., Preble co., O., 101 w. by s. Columbus, 494 W. WestforD, p-t., Chittenden co., Vt., 13 n. e. Burlington, 56 n. w. 31ontpelier, 531 W. The surface is uneven and rough ; soil, adapted to grazing. Watered by Brown's r., a branch of Lamoille r. Chartered in 1763. It contains 1 Congregational, I Baptist, and 1 Methodist church. It has 4 stores, cap. $10,3J0 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tan- nery, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $7,180. 11 sch. 413 scholars. Pop. 1,352. Westford, p-t., Middlesex co., Mas.s., 8 w. by s. Lowell, 32 n. w. Boston, 436 VV. The surface is elevated ; soil, strong and productive. Watered by Stony r., issuing Irom a pond in its s. w. cor- ner, and affords water power. The v., near the centre, contains 1 Congregational and 1 Unita- rian church, an academy with a respectable fund, and occupies a commanding situation. Granite, known as " Chelmsford granite," is extensively quarried in this t. and exported. There are in tho t. 5 stores, cap. $4,500 ; 1 fulling ni., 1 woollen WES fac, 2 forges, 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,800 ; 1 acad. 84 students, 9 fich. 55S scholars. Pop. 1,436. Westford, p-v., Ashford t., Windham co., Ct., 30 E. Hartford, 366 W. Situated on a branch of Mount Hope r., and contains a Congre|p.ionaI and a Baptist church. Westford, p-t., Otsego co., N. Y., 65 w. Al- bany, 379 W. The surface is hilly; soil, a warm sandy loam, and fertile. Drained by Cherry Val- ley and Elk crs. It has 4 stores, cap. $11,500; 2 fulling m., 1 distillery, 3 sjrist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $11,170. 9 sch. 474 scholars. Pop. 1,478. We.st Fork, p-o., Overton co., Tenn., 108 e. by N, Nashville, 5% W. West Fork, t., Washington co., Ark. It has 1 store, cap. $4,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $14,825. 3 sch. 31 schol- ars. Pop. 418. West Foxboro', p-o., Foxboro' t., Norfolk co., Mass., 27 s. \v. Boston, 418 W. West Fr.^nklin, p-v., Posey co., la., 182 s. w. Indianapolis, 737 W. West G.vines, p-o., Gaines t., Orleans co., N. Y., 256 w. by n. Albany, 398 W. West Galw.w Church, p-o., Broadalbin t., Fulton CO., N. Y., 39 n. vv. Albany, 407 W. West Gardixer, p-o., Gardiner t., Kennebec CO., Me., 7 s. s. w. Augusta, 588 W. West Genesee, p-o., Genesee t., Alleghany CO., N. Y., 293 w. by s. Albany, 304 W. West Glenburn, p-o., Glenburn t., Penob- scot CO., Me., 77 N. E. Augusta, 672 W. West Gloucester, p-o.. New Gloucester t., Cumberland co., Me., 54 s. w. Augusta, 568 W. West Gorham, p-o., Gorham t., Cumberland CO., Me., 63 s. w. Augusta, 542 W. West Goldsboro', p-o., Goldsboro' t., Han- cock CO., Me., 108 E. Augusta, 690 W. Situated on Frenchman's bay. West Goshen, t., Chester co., Pa., 21 w. Phil- adelphia. The surface is a gentle declivity; soil, sandy loam. Watered by branches of Ches- ter cr., and of Brandy wine r. It has 3 grist m., 4 saw. Cap. in manufac. $1,600. 3 sch. 74 schol- ars. Pop. 814. West Granby, p-o., Granby t., Hartford co., Ct., 19 N. w. Hartford, 355 VV. Situated on a branch of Farmington r. West Granville, p-v., Granville t., Hamp- den co., Mass., 114 w. by s. Boston, 366 W. It contains a Congregational church. West Greenfield, p-o., Greenfield t., Sara- toga CO., N. v., 36 N. Albany, 406 W. West Greenville, p-t., Mercer co.. Pa., 245 w. N. w. Harrisburg, 292 W. It has 6 stores, cap. $25,000 ; 2 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,300. 2 seh. 120 scholars. Pop. 626. West Greenwich, p-t., Kent co., R. I., 18 s. w. Providence, 390 W. The surface is mode- rately uneven ; soil, gravelly loam, and mode- rately fertile. Watered by Wood r. and its branches, and by the s. branch of Pawtuxet r., whicli afford water power. The v. contains a Baptist church. Hopkins Hill, in the e. part, affords a fine prospect. Chartered in 1741. There are in the t. 8 stores, cap. $7,700 ; 3 cotton fae. 2,324 sp., 7 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,000. 11 sch. 291 scholars. Pop. 1,415. West Groton, p-o., Groton t., Tompkins co., N. Y., 170 w. by s. Albany, 310 W. West Grove, p-o., Chester eo.. Pa., 74 e. s. e. Harri-sburg, 98 W. West Halifa.y, p-o., Halifax t., Wiudham co., Vt., 133 s. by w. Monipelier, 419 W. 716 WES West Hampden, p-o., Penobscot co.. Me., 56 N. E. Augusta, 650 W. West Hampton, p-t., Hampshire co., 3Iass., 99 w. Boston, 386 W. The surface is rough soil, adapted to grazing. Drained by Norih r., a branch of Manhan r., and by a branch of West- field r. The v. contains a Congregational church. It has 1 store, cap. $2,000; 1 tannery, 1 grist m.. 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,000. 9 sch. 231 scholars. Pop. 759. West Hanover, p-v., Dauphin co.. Pa., 16 s. E. Harrisburg, 126 W. West Harpersfield, p-o., Harpersfield t., Delaware county, N. Y., 66 vv. s. w. Albany, 352 W. West Hartford, p-o., Hartford t, Windsor CO., Vt., 43 s. by e. Montpelier, 336 W. West Hartford, p-v., Hartford t. and co., Ct., 4 w. Hartford, 493 W. It is a flourishing agricultural settlement and contains a Congrega- tional church. West Hartland, p-v., Hartland t., Hartford CO., Ct., 31 N. vv. Hartford, 367 W. It contains a Congregational church. West Harwick, p-o., Harwiek t., Barnstable CO., Mass., 87 s. e. Boston, 488 W. West Haven, p-t., Rutland co., Vt., 91 s. w. Montpelier, 451 W. The soil is clay and calca- reous loam, and fertile. Bounded w. by Lake Charaplain, and s. by Poultney r. Drained by Ilubbardton r. and Cogmans cr., which afford water power. It contains a Congregational and a Baptist church. Limestone is abundant. It has 1 store, 2 woollen fac, 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $39,600. 9 sch. 264 scholars. Pop. 774. West Haverford, p-o., Haverford t., Dela ware co.. Pa., 83 e. s. e. Harrisburg, 138 W. West Hebron, p-o., Hebron t., Washington CO., N. Y., 52 N. by e. Albany, 423 W. West Hempfield, t., Lancaster co.. Pa., 8 w. Lancaster. The surface is hilly ; soil, calcareous loam. Su.squehanna r. bounds it on the w. Chiques cr. flows on its N. boundary. Drained by Strickler's cr. It contains Columbia b., on the Susquehanna r. It has 2 commission houses, cap. $4,500; 28 stores, cap. $165,385; 1 furnace, 4 tanneries, 4 distilleries, 1 brewery, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers, 5 flouring ra., 6 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $79,900. Pop. 1,913. West Hempsted, p-o., Ramapo t., Rockland CO., N. Y., 120 s. by w. Albany, 266 W. West Henrietta, p-o., Henrietta t., Monroe CO., N. Y., 232 w. by n. Albany, 3,S1 W. West Hill, p-o., Cumberland co.. Pa., 20 w. s. w. Harrisburg, 108 W. West Hills, p-o., Huntington t., Suffolk co., N. Y., 180 s. by e. Albany, 260 W. West Hinsdale, p-o., Hinsdale t., Cattarau- gus CO., N. Y., 288 w. by s. Albany, 319 W. West Jefferson, p-v., Jefferson t., Lincoln CO., Me., 16 s. s. E. Augusta, 608 W. West Jefferson, p-v., JeflTerson t., Madison CO , O., 14 w. Columbus, 407 W. Situated on the w. bank of Little Darby cr., and on the na- tional road. It contains 1 church, 8 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., 1 carding machine, and about 350 inhabitants. West Kill, p-v., Lexington t., Greene co., N. Y., 59 s. w. Albany, 369 W. It contains I church, 1 store, 2 tanneries, 3 saw m., 1 clothier's works, and about 20 dwellings. West Killinglv, p-v., Killingly t., Win;!- ham CO., Ct., 48 e. by n. Hartford, 375 W. West Lafavette, p-o., Lafayette t., Coshoe- ton CO., O., 89 N. E. Columbus, 333 W. WES 717 WES Westland, p-v., Halil'ax co., N. C, 86 n. e. Raleigh, 218 W. ^ „„ r- , Westland, t., Guernsey co., O., 70 e. Colum- bus. Watered by Crooked cr. The v. of Clays- ville is in its s. part. Pop. 1,073. West Lebanon, po., Lebanon t., iorkco., Me., 94 s. w. Augusta, 51G W. West Lebanon, p-o., Lebanon t., Grafton co., N. H., 34 Concord, 486 W. West Lebanon, p-v., Warren co., la., 84 n. w. Indianapolis, 631 W. West Lexington, p-o., liexinsjton t., Greene CO., N. Y., 64 s. w. Albany, 330 W. We.^t Leyden, po., Leyden t, Lewis co., IN. y., 1-29 N. w. Albany, 413 W. West Libertv, p-v., Ohio co., Va., 357 n. w. Richmond, 264 W. West Liberty, p-v., capital of Morgan co., Ky., 107 e. by s. Frankfort, 487 W. Situated on the N. E. side of Licking r., and contains a court house, jail, and about 30 inhabitants. West Liberty, p-v.. Union t., Logan co., O., 57 N. w. by w. Columbus, 450 W. Situated on Mad r. Laid out in 1817, and contains 2 churches, 8 stores, 85 dwellings, and about 500 inhabitants. In the vicinity are 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., and 1 carding machine. West Liberty, p-o., Muscatme co., Iowa. Situated near the Wapsinoenock r., on the mar- gin of a high rolling prairie. West Linklaen, p-o., Linklaen t., Chenango CO., N. y., 128 w. by s. Albany, 339 W. West Lowville, p-o., Lovvville t., Lewis co., N. y., 141 N. w. Albany, 431 W. West Manchester, t., lork co.. Pa. The surface is level ; soil, calcareous loam, and fertile. Bounded n. w. by Conewago cr., and s. e. by Codorus cr. York b. lies partly in this t. It has 2 stores, cap. $325 ; 7 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $46,U70. 1 sch. 44 scholars. Pop. 1,262. West Marlborough, t., Chester co., Pa., .« s. w. Philadelphia. The surface is a gentle de- clivity ; soil, sandy loam. Drained by Clay cr., and a tributary of the w. branch of Brandy wine r. It has 3 stores, cap. $17,500 ; 1 cotton fac, 1 paper fac, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,250. 3 sch. 91 scholars. Pop. 1,043. West Martinsburg, p-v., Martin.sburg t., Lewis CO.. N. Y., 137 n. w. Albany, 435 W. West Medway, p-o., Medway t., Norfolk co., Mass., 30 s. w. Boston, 416 W. West Meredith, p-o., Meredith t., Delaware CO., N. Y., 83 w. s. w. Albany, 344 W. West Middleborough, p-v., Middleborough t, Plymouth co., 3Iass., 43 s. by e. Boston, 430 W. It contains a Baptist church. West Middleborough, p-o., Genesee co., N. y. West Middleborough, p-v., Logan co., O., 56 n. w. by w. Columbus, 446 W. West Middlesex, p-o., Mercer co., Pa., ZoJ w. N. w. Harrisburg, 294 W. West Middletown, p-b., Washington co., Pa., 222 w. Harrisburg, 249 W. Incorporated in 1823, and contains 5 stores, cap. $150,000; 1 tan- nery. Cap. in manufac. $2,850. Population West Millburv, p-o., Millbury t., Worcester CO., Mass., 46 w. s. w. Boston, 400 W. West Milford, pt., Passaic co., N. J., 100 n. N. E. Trenton, 266 W. It has 3 stores, capital $6,000 ; 10 forges, 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 grist m.', 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,950. 11 sch. 400 scholars. Pop. 2,108. , . t, • West Mill Creek, p-o., Mill Creek t., Erie CO., Pa., 274 N. w. Harrisburg, 347 W. West Mill Grove, p-o., Perry t., Wood co., O., 99 N. N. w. Columbus, 444 W. West Milton, p-o., Milton t., Chittenden co., Vt., 52 w. n. w. Montpelier, 525 W. West Milton, p-v., Milton t., Saratoga co., N. y., 31 N. Albany, 401 W. West Milton, p-o., Milton t., Miami co., O., 85 w. Columbus, 478 W. West Minot, p o., Minot t., Cumberland co., Me., 41 s. w. Augusta, 532 W. Westminster, p-t., Windham co., Vt., 103 s. Montpelier, 440 W. Bounded E. by Connecti- cut r, by small tributaries of which it is drained. The soil is fertile and well cultivated. The prin- cipal V. is beautifully situated on the w. bank of Connecticut r., on a plain, encompassed by a semicircle of hills, which reach the r. above and below the v. It contains a Congregational church, a number of stores, and many dwellings, some of ihem neat and elegant. A bridge connects it with Walpole, N. H. In the w. part of the t. is a v. containing a Congregational church. There are in the t. l' store, cap. $3,000; 1 tannery, 1 paper fac, 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,900. 12 sch. 479 scholars. Pop. 1,556. Westminster, p-t, Worcester co., Mass., 53 w. N. w. Boston, 420 W. The surlace is ele- vated ; soil, fertile, adapted to grazing. Drained by branches of Nashua r. The v. contains 1 Congregational, 1 Baptist, and 1 Universalist church. There are in the t. 5 stores, capital $3,500 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $26,771. 1 acad. 100 students, 11 sch. 563 scholars. Pop. 1,643. Westminster, p-v., Canterbury t., Windham CO., Ct., 38 E. by s. Hartford, 365 VV. It contains a Congregational church and a small agricultural settlement. WEST.MINSTER, p-v.. Capital of Carroll co., Md., 58 N. w. by n. Annapolis, 68 W. Situated on the head waters of the Patapsco r., and con- tains a court house, jail, a church, and about 3oO inhabitants. Westminster, p-o., Allen co., O., 102 n. w. by w. Columbus, 479 W. Westminster West, p-v., Westminster t., Windham co., Vt., 106 s. Montpelier, 443 W. West Monroe, p-t., Oswego co., ^. V., 14 > w N. w. Albany, 368 W. Surface is level ; soil, sand and sandy loam. Drained by Bog cr., flow- ing into Oneida lake, wliich bounds it on the s. It has 4 saw m., 10 sch. 280 scholars. Pop. 918. Westmore, t., Orieans co., Vt. The surface is uneven; soil, moderately fertile. Chartered in 1781, first settled in 1800. Willoughby s lake in this t. is 6 ms. long and U wide. The out et is Willoughby r., which Hows into Barton r. 1 Ue head branches of Pasumpsic r. and Clyde r. rise here. It has 2 sch. 36 scholars. 1 opula- tion 122. n o- . J . Westmoreland, county. Pa. Situated to- ward the s. w. part of the state, and contains 1,050 sq. ms. Alleghany r. runs 12 ms. on its n. w boundary. Conemaugh or kiskimmetas r. runs on its n. e. border. Drained by Loyallian- na r Big Sewickly cr., Yonghiogheny r., and Beaver Dam run. The surlace is hilly and mountainous; soil, fertile. Capital Greensburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 30,003, sheep 43 63 ' swine 37,969 ; wheat 466,382 bush, pro- duced' rye 103,884, Ind. corn 422,512, buckwheat 56 14l' oats 737,241, potatoes 116,032, tobacco 18*400' pounds, sugar 32,536 ; 74 stores, capilal «!205 300; 6 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 30 tan- neries, 53 distilleries, 3 potteries, 2 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 3 weekly new>papers, ,U llouring m 6 grist ra., 86 saw m., 3 oil m. Cap. in man WES 718 WES ufac. $329,831. 2 a.^ad. 80 students, 135 sch. 4,151 scholars. Pop. 42,699. West.moreland, county, Va. Situated in the E. part of the stale, and contains 316 sq. ms. Potomac r. bounds it on the n. e., and Rappahan- nock r. in part on the s. w. Small streams flow into both these rivers. Capital, Westmoreland C. H. There were in 184(1, neat cattle 5,474, sheep 4,317, swine 6,159; wheat 59,958 bush produced, rye 1,459, Indian corn 213,670, oats 27,751, potatoes 6,S99, tobacco 1,040 pounds, cot- ton .5,085; 15 store.", cap. iJ67,000; 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 13 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. §9,950. 1 acad. 36 students, 5 .sch. 127 scliolars. Pop. whites 3,466, slaves 3,590, free col'd 963; total, 8,019. WE.sTiMOUKL.\N», p-t., Cheshire co., N. H., 65 s. w. Concord, 436 W. Bounded w. by Connec- ticut r. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil, tolerably fertile. Drained by a mill-stream flow- ing from SpofTord's lake, in Chesterfield, which flows N. \v. into Connecticut r. Chartered in 1752. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,000; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in niaaufac. $12,118. 13'sch. 194 scholars. Pop. 1,546. Wkstmorel.vnd, p-t., Oneida co., N. Y., 103 w. N. w. Albany, 392 W. The surface is level ; soil, generally a rich loam. Watered by Oriska- iiy cr. It has 5 stores, cap. (5*38,000 ; 1 fulling in., 1 woollen fac, 4 tanneries, 1 paper fac, 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $53,937. 18 sch. 1,080 scholars. Pop. 3,105. Westmorel.\nd, C. H., p-v., capital of West- moreland CO., Va., 70 N. E. Richmond, 105 W. It contains a court house, jail, and about 150 in- habitants. West Mount Vernon, p-c. Mount Vemon t., Kennebec co., Me., 17 n. w. Augusta, 607 W. West N.vntmeal, t., Chester co.. Pa., 34 n. w. Philadelphia. The surface is gently uneven; soil, loam and gravel. Drained by the e. branch of Brandy wine r. and its tributary, Indian cr., and by F'rench cr. It has 8 stores, cap. $17,300 ; 1 furnace, 1 forge, 1 tannery, 2 flouring m., 2 grist m., 5 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $8,720. 6 sch. 376 .scholars. Pop. 1,731. West Needh.\m, p-v., Needham t., Norfolk CO., Mass., 14 w. s. vv. Boston, 426 W. West Newbury, p-t., Essex co., Mass., 39 n. by e. Boston, 470 W. Situated on the s. side of the Merrimac. Soil, fertile. It has 4 stores, cap. $3,500; 1 tannery, 1 gri.st m. Cap. in manufac. $45,700. 6 sch. 375 scholars. Pop. 1,560. West Newfield, p-o., Newfield t., York co., Me., 84 s. w. by w. Augusta, 530 W. West Newton, p-v., Newton t., Middlesex CO., Mass., 9 w. Boston, 431 W. West Newton, p-o., Westmoreland co., Pa., 182 w. Ilarrisburg, 203 W. West New Vi.nevard, p-o.. Vineyard t., Franklin co.. Me., 57 n. n. w. Augusta, 642 W. West Niles, p-o., Niles t., Cayuga co., N. Y., 165 w. by n. Albany, 329 W. West Nortmwood, p-o., Northwood t., Rock- ingham CO., N. 11., 18 E. by s. Concord, 483 W. West Nottingham, t., Chester co.. Pa., 45 s. W.Philadelphia. The surface is level; soil, slate and loam. Octara cr. runs on its w. border. It has 1 store, cap. $3,000 ; 1 tannery, 2 paper fac, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Capital in manufac. $1,270. 1 sch. 20 scliolars. Pop. 607. Weston, p-t, Aroostook co.. Me., 259 n. e. Augusta, 8i4 W. It is a lialf township, granted to Hampden Academy. Drained by branches of 3Iattavvamkeag r. Chartered in 1835. The soil is fertile, adapted to grain. It has 1 saw m., 2 sch. 95 scholars. Pop. 249. Weston, p-t., Windsor co., Vt., 91 s. by w Montpelier, 456 W. The surface is uneven » soil, fertile, adapted to grazing and to grain- Drained by We.st r., which affords w-ater power. It has 2 villages. The v. near the centre con- tains 2 churches, 2 stores, 1 clothier's works, 1 carding machine, and 1 tannery. The religious denominations are Congregationalists, Baptists, Methodists, and Universalists. It has 1 church common to several denominations. There are in the t. 2 stores, cap. $10,000; 1 fulling m., 1 tan- nery, 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Capital in manufac- tures $12,050. 12 schools 368 scholars. Pop. 1,032. Weston, p-t., Middlesex co., Mass., 14 w. Boston, 426 W. The surface is uneven and ele- vated ; soil, fertile. Watered by Stony brook. It contains a Congregational, a Baptist, and a Methodist church. Incorporated in 1712. It has 3 stores, cap. $4,500; 1 cotton fac. 512 sp., 1 tan- nery, 1 pottery, 2 grist m., 1 saw m., 6 sch. 287 scholars. Pop. 1,092. Weston, p-t., Fairfield co., Ct., 63 s. vv. Hart- ford, 281 W. The surface is uneven : soil, gravel- ly loam. Drained by Saugatuck and Mill rivers, which afford water power. It contains 5 churches — 2 Congregational, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist. The v. contains a Congregational church, and a well-endowed academy. There is a small manufacturing v. in the n. w. part, con- taining a Baptist and a Methodist church. There are in the t. 8 stores, cap. $12,000 ; 1 flouring m., 8 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,050. 2 acad. 26 students, 17 sch. 459 scholars. Pop. 2,651. Weston, p-v., Somerset co., N. J., 20 n. Tren- ton, 204 W. Situated on Millstone r., 1 m. from its entrance into Raritan r., and on the Delaware and Raritan canal. It contains 1 store, 1 saw m., 1 grist m., and 12 or 14 dwellit)gs. Weston, p-v., capital of Lewis co., Va., 281 n. w. by w. Richmond, 249 W. Situated on the w. fork of Monongahela river, and contains a court house, jail, 4 stores, 1 flouring ni., 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. Weston, p-t., Wood co., O., 129 n. n. w. Co- lumbus, 467 W. Maumee r. crosses the n. w. part of the t., by a branch of which it is watered. The V. called Benton is on Maumee river, 18 ms. above Perrysburg. There are in the t. 2 saw m. Capital in manufiic. $7,500. 3 sch. 107 scholars. Pop. 415. Weston, p-o.. Van Buren co., 3Iich., 166 w. Detroit, 630 W. Weston, p-v., Platte co., Mo. Situated on the N. E. side of 31is.souri r. West Oneonta, p-o., Oneonta t., Otsego co., N. Y., 83 w. by s. Albany, 353 W. West Ossipee, p-o., Ossipee t., Carroll co., N. H., 63 N. N. E. Concord, 544 W. West Otis, p-o., Otis t., Berkshire co., Mass., 122 w. by s. Boston, 367 W. West Parsonsfield, p-o., Parsonsfield t., York CO., Me., 89 s. w. Augu.sta, 535 W. West Penfield, po., Penfield t., Monroe co, N. Y., 217 w. by n. Albany, 374 W. VVest Penn, pt., Schuylkill co.. Pa., 79 n. e. Harri.sburg, 189 VV. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly and sterile. Drained by Little Schuyl- kill r., and .^lahoning and Lizard crs. It contams a Lutheran church, and abounds in anthracite coal. Pop. 1,362. West Pennsboro', t., Cumberland co.. Pa., 8 w. Carlisle. The surface is level ; soil, calcare- ous loam. Bounded n. by Conedogwinit cr. It has 1 commission house, cap, $1,5J0; 3 stores, cap. $8j300 ; 2 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 8 flouring WES 719 WES m., 2 saw tn. Cap. in manufac. $60,800. 9 sch. 270 scholars. Pop. 1,867. West Pikeland, t., Chester co., Pa. The surlace is a gentle declivity ; soil, sandy loam. Drained by branches of Schuylkill r., which af- ford water power. It has 4 sch. 172 scholars. Pop. 733. West Phil-idelphia, p-v., Philadelphia co., Pa., 97 E. by s. Harrisburg, 137 W. Situated on the w. side of Schuylkill r., and contains several stores, and about 40 dwellings. West Philadelphia, po., Scott co.. Mo., 240 s. E. JefTerson City, 873 W. West Plattsburg, p-o., Plattsburg t., Clinton CO., N. Y., 1G8 N. Albany, 54? W. West Plymouth, p-o., Plymouth t., Grafton CO., N. H., 43 N. Concord, 524 W. West Point, p-v., Cornwall t., Orange co., N. y., 92 s. by w. Albany, 278 W. Pleasantly situated on the w. bank of Hudson r., 52 miles n. New York city. It derives its importance from the United States Military Academy, established here by an act of Congress in 1802, on 251) acres of land ceded to the L'nited States by the state of New York, in 1826. The buildings are 2 stone barracks, one 3 and the other 4 stories high, oc- cupied by 250 cadets, the limited number ; a large 3 story stone building, 275 by 75 feet, for military exercises in winter, and as a depository of the chemical apparatus, models of fortification, &c., and as drawing and recitation rooms ; a fine 2 story stone building, of Gothic architecture, 15 J by 60 feet, with 3 towers for astronomical ajipara- tus, the middle tower revolving for an astronomi- cal observatory, a chapel, hospital, mess hall, 2 cavalry stables, several workshops and store rooms, and 17 separate dwellings tor the oflicers of the institution. There are also a magazine, a laboratory, soldiers' barracks, a store, and about 25 dwellings for families connected with the es- tablishment, and a total population of 900. Here is a convenient landing, and a large hotel, capa- ble of accommodating 100 visiters. This place was fortified during the revolutionary war, and the remains of Fort Putnam, on iMount Indepen- dence, elevated 500 feet above the level of the river, and of Fort Clinton, are still seen. The education given at West Point, both scientific and military, is of a high order, and 34 officers and professors are attached to the institution. Near West Point is an academy, kept by .). D. Kinsley, formerly an instructor in the West Point Military Academy, which is flourishing. West Point, p-v., Columbiana co., O., 153 n. E. Columbus, 2S() W. West Point, p-v., Hardin co., Ky., 75 w. by s. Frankfort, 615 W. Situated on the s. side of the Ohio, immediately below the entrance of Salt r., and contains several warehouses, and 150 inhabitants. West Point, p-v., Orange co., N. C, 29 n. w. Raleigh, 289 W. West Point, p-v., Treup co., Ga., 4H above Columbus, 136 w. Milledgeville, 754 W. It con- tains a Methodist church, 8 or 10 stores, and about 350 inhabitants. West Point, p-v., Tippecanoe co., la., 77 n. w. Indianapolis, 635 W. It contains about 100 inhabitants. West Point, p-o., Lee co., Iowa. West Point, p-o., Lawrence co., Tenn. West Poland, p o., Poland t., Cumberland CO., Me., 55 s. w. Augusta, 578 W. West Port, p-t., Lincoln co.. Me., 38 s. by e. Augusta, 602 W. It is bounded e. by Sheepscot r., separating it from Edgecombe and Boothbay, and s. and w. by Sheepscot bay. Incorporated in 1828. It has 4 grist m., 3 saw m., 4 sch. 291 scholars. Pop. 655. West Port, p-v., Cheshire co., N. IL, 59 3 w. Concord, 423 W. West Port, p t., Bristol co., Mass., 59 s. Bos- ton, 426 W. Bounded s. by the Atlantic, at the mouth of Buzzards bay. Drained by Westport or Nochacuck r., which flows by a wide mouth into Buzzards bay. The v., situated on both sides of the r., contains 2 Baptist and 1 Friends church. There are besides in the t. 1 Congrega- tional, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist church. The whaling business furnishes employment to many of the inhabitants. It has 6 stores, capital $18,500; 2 lumber yards, cap. $4,500; 1 fulling m., 1 cotton fae. 2,000 sp., 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $19,61)0. 18 sch. 462 scholars. Pop. 2,820. West Port, p-t., Fairfield co., Ct., 64 s. w. Hartford, 273 W. The soil is generally fertile. Bounded s. by Long Island sound. Watered by Saugatuck river, on which stands the v. on both sides, connected by a bridge, 2? miles from the sound. It contains a Congregational and an Episcopal church, 12 stores, and several cotton and other factories. There is a Methodist church in the t. There are in the t. 14 stores, capital $35,]Ot) ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $6,001) ; 1 cotton fac. 1,100 sp., 1 tannery, 4 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $97,600. 3 acad. 57 students, 6 sch. 241 .scholars. Pop. 1,803. West Port, t., Essex co., N. Y., 125 n. Al- bany. Surface level on the e., and hilly on the w. ; soil, clay and loam, mostly of good quality. Drained by Black cr., and several small streams flowing into Lake Champlain. It has 9 stores, cap. $-;7,00l) ; 1 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 2 forges, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 10 saw m. Clap, in manu- fac. $29,U00. 1 acad. lOi) students, 6 sch. 307 scholars. Pop. l,93i. West Port, p-v., Oldham co., Ky., 43 n. w, by w. Frankfort, 534 W. West Port, p-v., Decatur co., la., 70 s. e. In- dianapolis, 564 W. Situated on the w. side of a branch of the e. fork of White r. West Port, p-v., Jackson co., 3Io., 158 w. N. w. Jefferson City, 1,084 W. Situated on the w. line of the state, about 6 miles s. of the Missouri r. It contains about 300 inhabitants. West Poult.vey, p-o., Poultney t., Rutland CO., Vt., 83 s. w. Montpelier, 441 W. West Prairie, p-o., Stotidard co.. Mo. West Prospect, p-o.. Prospect t., Waldo co., Me., 49 E. by n. Augusta, 643 W. West Randolph, p-o., Randolph t.. Orange CO., Vt., 27 s. Montpelier, 490 W. It contains a church, 2 stores, several mills, and a number of dwellings. West Richmond, p-v., Richmond t., Ontario CO., N. Y., 220 w. Albany, 357 W. It contains 1 store, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m., 1 furnace, and 12 or 15 dwellings. West Quoddy Head, the w. entrance into Passamaquoddy bay, in Lubec t.. Me. It con tains a lighthouse. West Ripley, p-o., Ripley t., Somerset co.. Me., 53 n. n. e. Augusta, 653 W. West River, Vt., called also Wantastieook r., rises in Weston, and, pursuing a southeasterly course, falls into Connecticut r., in the n. e. part of Brattleboro'. Its branches afford much water power. It has some fine intervale on its banks. West River, p-o., Anne Arundel co., Md., 17 Annapolis, 37 W. Situated on a branch of Chesapeake bay on its w. side. West River, p-o., Jackson co., Mich., 86 w Detroit, 556 W. WES 720 WES West River, t., Randolph co., la. It has 2 stores, cap. §2,500; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 2 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 916. West Rockiull, t., Bucks co., Pa., 33 n. n. w. Philadelphia, 92 e. n. e. Harrisburg, 171 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravelly. Drained by Perkiomen cr. and a branch of Tohickon cr. It has 4 stores, cap. $1 1,500 ; 4 tanneries, 3 grist m., 3 saw m., 2 oil m. Capital in inanufac. $13,611. Pop. 1,631. West Roxburv, p-v., Roxbuiy t., Norfolk co., Mass., 10 s. w. Boston, 434 W. It contains a Congregational and a Unitarian church. West Rumney, p-o., Rumnev t., Grafton co., N. H., 51 N. N. w. Concord, 521 W. West Rupert, p-o., Rupert t., Bennington co., Vt., 97 s. 3Iontpelier, 421 W. West Rush, p-o.. Rush t., Monroe co., N. Y., 221 w. by N. Albany, 360 W. West Rutland, p-v., Rutland t. and co., Vt., 6G s. s. w. Montpelier, 452 W. It contains a Congregational church. West Sand Lake, p-v.. Sand Lake t., Rensse- laer CO., N. Y., 14 E. Albany, 334 W. West Sandwich, p-v.. Sandwich t., Barnsta- ble CO., Mass., 56 s. s. w. Boston, 457 W. West Salem, t., Mercer co.. Pa., 17 N. w. Mercer. Drained by Shenango creek. It has 1 store, cap. §3,000 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 2 grist ra., 6 saw m., 16 sch. 716 scholars. Pop. 2,52S. West Schuyler, p-o., Schuyler t., Herkimer CO., N. Y., 88 w. N. w. Albany, 392 W. West Scituate, p-v., Scituate t., Plymouth CO., Mass., 20 s. e. Boston, 447 W. It contains a Congregational and a Universalist church. West Shelburne, p-o., Shelburne t., Coos CO., N. H., 107 N. by e. Concord, 590 W. West Sherman, p-o., Sherman t., St. Joseph CO., Mich., 140 s. w. by w. Detroit, 591 W. West Sidney, p-o., Sidney t., Kennebec co.. Me., 106 N. Augusta, 601 W. West's Mills, p-o., Franklin co.. Me., 44 N. W. Augusta, 631 W. West Somers, p-v., Somers t., Westchester CO., N. Y., 116 s. Albany, 278 W. It contains a church and about 40 inhabitants. West Springfield, p-t., Hampden co., Mass., 93 w. Bosion, 363 W. The surface in some parts is rough and stony, with much alluvial mea- dow in other parts; soil, generally very fertile. Bounded e. by Connecticut r., over which is a fine bridge, connecting it with Springfield. Wa- tered by Westfield r., which affords water power. A pond N. of the centre has its outlet s. into Westfield r. It contains 7 churches — 4 Congre- gational, 2 Baptist, and 1 Methodist. The prin- cijjal v. opposite to Springfield contains a Con- gregational church. It has spacious streets, bordered by lofty elms, and has many fine dwellings. There is a v. in the n., and another in the s. part of the t. The t. extends n. and s. through tlie breadth of the co. The Boston and Albany railroad passes through it. Incorporated in 1774. There are in the I. 10 stores, cap. $20,700 ; 1 fulling m., 1 cotton fac. 3,400 sp., 27 sch. 791 scholars. Pop. 3,626. West Spuingfield, p-o., Springfield t,, Sul- livan CO., N. H., 3S xN. w. Concord, 492 W. West Springfield, p-o., Springfield t, Erie CO., Pa., 269 N. w. Harrisburg, 342 W. West Stafford, p-o., Stafford t,, Tolland CO., Ct., 29 N. N. E. Hartford, 365 W. West Stepiientown, p-o., Stephentown t., Rensselaer co., N. Y. West Stewartstovvn, p-o., Stcwartstovvn t., Coos CO., N. H., 141 N. Concord, 602 W. West Stockbridge, p-t., Berkshire county, Ma.ss., 13S w. Boston, 365 W. The surface i* generally uneven; soil, fertile. I>rained by Williams r., which flows through the t. from n. to s., and affords water power. It contains an abundance of marble variously colored, from the the purest white to black. The principal v. contains 1 Congregational and 1 3Iethodist church, several stores, 150 dwellings, and about 1,000 inhabitants. It is a great centre of rail- roads. The Boston and Albany railroad pas:a..n\uie. H5, W. Situated on a | v., on the s. side of Cumberland r., and contains branch of Bi inhabitants. White Top, p-o., Sullivan co., Tenn Whitewater, r., Ia., rises in Randolph co, and Hows s. and s. e. until it enters the Great Miami r., in the s. w. part of Ohio, 20 ms. below Brookville. Flat-boats of the largest size pass down this r., in the time of spring floods Tj . 1 ■ -■'""-^" "!■ It v., uu iiie s. sine 01 I umber and r nnd cnni Hatchee r., and contains about 75 a court house, jail, and about 50 inhabkants Whitley, p-v., Whitley co., Ia., 120 n. n. e. Indianapolis, 5^5 VV. Situated on the n. w. side of Eel r. Whitleysville, p-o., Jackson co., Tenn., 82 E. by N. Nashville, 640 W. Whitlocksville, p-v., Bedford t., Westches- ter CO., N. Y., 125 s. Albany, 268 W. Situated WIL 727 WIL at the junction of Croton and Cross rivers, and contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 clothier's works, and about 20 dwellings. Whitneys Point, p-c. Triangle t., Broome CO., N. Y., 130 w. s. vv. Albany, 313 W. Whitneys Valley, p-v.. Burns t., Alleghany CO., N. Y., 243 w. by s. Albaijy, 3i9 W. It con- tains 2 churches, 2 stores, and about 25 dwell- ings. VVkitpaine, t., Montgomery co.. Pa. It has 3 stores, cap. $10,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 2 saw rn. Cap. in manufac. $0,278. 4 sch. 353 scholars. Pop. 1,324. Whittington, p-v.. Hot Springs co.. Ark., 41 w. by s. Little Rock, 1,106 W. Situated on a brancli of Saline r. Whittle's Mills, p-o., Mecklenburg co., Va., 99 s. w. Richmond, 215 W. WicKFORD, p-v., N. Kingston t., Washington CO., R. I., 22 s. Providence, 401 W. Situated on a branch of Narragan.-et bny, on its w. side, which fxfTords a good harbor. It contains 3 churches — 1 Baptist, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Friends — an academy, a bank, a town house, 30 stores, and about 100 dwellir.gs. It has considerable navigation employed in the coasting and West India trade. Wicomico, r., rises in Sussex co., Del., and flows s. w. into Chesapeake bay. s. of Nanticoke r. Wicomico CnuRCii,p-o., Northumberland co., Va.. 99 e. n. e. Richmond, 160 W. WicoNisco, p t., Dauphin co.. Pa., 53 n. Ilar- risburg, 163 W. Wiconisco cr. enters the Sus- quehanna r. on the \v. boundary of this t., 20 ms. above Harrisburg. Pop. 489. Wideman's, p-o., Abbeville dist., S. C, 87 w. Columbia, 548 W. WiuGiNS Ferry, p-o., St. Clair co., 111., 95 s. by w. Springfield, 806 W. Situated on the Missi.ssippi, opposite to St. Louis, Mo. It has 2 steam ferry-boats crossing to St. Louis, 1 store, and several dwellings. WiLBRAHAM, p-t., Hampden co., Mass., 83 Boston, 36S W. The surface is moderately uneven ; soil, fertile, adapted to grazing. Chick- apee r. runs on its \. boundary. The Boston and Springfield railroad passes through its n. part. It contains the Wesleyan Academy, under the di- rection of the Methodists, incorporated in 1824. It has a large number of students, and is flourish- ing. The t. has 2 villages, in each of which is a Congregational and a Methodist cliurch. It was incorporated in 1763. It has 4 stores, cap. $11,800; 3 fuUing ra., 2 tanneries, 3 grist m., 8 saw in. Cap. in manufoc. $1,190. 1 acad. 225 students, II schools, 394 scholars. Population, ],864. Wilcox, county, Ala. Situated s. w. of the centre of the state, and contains 1,200 sq. ms. Drained by Alabama r. and its branches. Capi- tal, Barboursville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 15,800, sheep 3,630, sv\ine 33,000 ; wheat 2,450 bush, produced, rye 1,050, Ind. corn 650,000, oats 256,510, potatoes 667,417, rice 23,825 pounds, cotton 1,722,030 ; 21 stores, cap. $96,950 ; 3 tanneries, 2 flouring m , 16 grist m., 10 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspa- per. Cap. in manufac. $12,100. 5 acad. 205 Btudents, 14 sch. 425 scholars. Pop. whites 5,960, slaves 9,294, free col'd 24 ; total, 15,278. WiLc;ox, C. H., p-v., capital of Wilcox co., Ala., 97 s. Tuscaloosa, 8:}9 W. Situated hi Barboursville v., a few ms. s. of Alabama r., and contains a court house, jail, and about 275 in- habitants. WiLcoxviLLE, p-v., Schuyler co., 111., 54 w. N. w. Springfield, 832 W. Wilderness, p-o., Spottsylvania co., Va., 77 N. N. w. Richmond, 71 W. Wilfong's Mills, p-v., Lincoln co., N C, 173 vv. by s. Raleigh, 416 W. It contains I store, and a few dwellings. In the vicinity much cold is found, and the mines are wrought to ad- vantage. Wilkes, county, N. C. Situated in the n. w. part of the state, and contains 864 sq. ms. Drain- ed by Yadkin r. and its numerous branches. It is surrounded by mountains, having the Blue Ridge on its n. w. border, and near its s. w. boundary in Yancey co.. Black mt., more ele- vated than any other peak in the United States E. of the Rocky mountains. Its surface is nn elevated mountain valley. Capital, Wilkesboro.' There were in 1840, neat cattle 13,977, sheep 13,35:', swine 40,965 ; wheat 30,268 bush, pro- duced, rye 16,635, Ind. corn 463,793, oats 64,210, potatoes 30,220, tobacco 24,567 pounds, cotton 12,463 ; 8 stores, cap. $33,600 ; 4 tanneries, 209 distilleries, 2 potteries, 1 flouring m., IDO grist m., 36 saw ra., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $40,010. 1 acid. 30 students, 1 sch.2Jscho]prs. Pop. whites 10,976, slaves 1,430, free cl'd 171 ; total, 12,577. Wilkes, county, Ga. Situated in the e., to- ward the N. part of the state, and contains 550 sq. ms. Broad r. bounds it on the n. and Little r. on the s. Drained by Fishing cr. and its branches, which flows into Savannah r. Capital, Wash- ington. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,391, sheep 4,481. swine 15,939; wheat 3S,906 bush, produced, Ind. corn 288,259, oats 64,180, potatoes 6,394, cotton 2,315,087 pounds; 9 stores, capital $73,500 ; 1 distillery, 2 flouring m., 15 grist m., 4 saw in., 2 printing offices, 1 periodical, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $24,230. 1 col- lege, 116 students, 2 acad. 86 student^s, 14 sch. 3J0 scholars. Pop. whites 3,630, slaves 6,501 free col'd 17 ; total, 10,148. WiLKESBARRE, p-t., Capital of Luzerne ro., Pa., 127 N. E. Harrisburg, 231 W. Wyoming mt. crosses it in the centre. Bounded n. w. by Sus- quehanna r., between which and the mt. the sur- face is level, and the soil a fertile alluvion : s. E. of the mt. the country is hilly, and mostly sterile. It is in the midst of the anthracite coal region. Watered by Mill and Solomon's creeks, and Laurel run, which flow into the Susquehanna, and Bear cr. and its tributaries, which flow into tlie Lehigh. Wilke^barre b. lies on tlie e. side of Susquehanna r. It contains a court house, jail, and county offices, situated on a square hiter- sected by the 4 principal streets, which enter the square at its corners, but in other respects regu- larly laid out, an academy, a seminary for young ladies, 2 churches — 1 Episcopal and 1 3Iethodist —a bank; 22 stores, cap. $119,100; 1 lumber yard, cap. $l,OuO; 2 furnaces, 2 tanneries, 1 brewery, 1 pottery, 2 printing offices, 1 weekly newspaper, 1 flouring m. Cap. in manufac. $53,300. 2 acad. 65 students, 7 sch. 330 scholars. Pop. 1,713. It was laid out in 1773, under the Susquehanna Land Company of Connecticut, and named in honor of Wilkes and Barre, two dis- tinguished friends of the American cause in the British Parliament. It is in the beautiful valley of Wyoming, on a plain elevated 18 or 20 feet above the ordinary level of the Susquehanna r. It was burned by the British and Indians during the revolutionary war. There are in the t. ex- clusive of the borough, 1 store, cap. $2,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 distillery, 3 flouring m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $S,950. 1 acad. 15 students, 6 sch. 230 scholars. Pop. 1,513. WiLKESBOROUGH, p-v.. Capital of Wilkes co., N. C, 172 w. i\. w. Raleigh, 379 W. Situated WIL 728 WIL on the s. side of Yadkin r., and contains a couri lioiise, jail, and 150 inhabitants. WiLKF.siiORoiTGH, p-v., McLcan CO., 111., 74 n. E. Springfield, 75 1 W. WiLKEsviLLE, pt., Gallia co., O., 84 s. s. e. Columbus, 359 W. Organized in 1810. Drained by Racoon cr., which affords water power. It has 4 stores, cap. §3,500 ; 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,505. Pop. 738. WiLKiNs, p-t., Alleghany co.. Pa., 10 e. Pitts- burgh, 195 w. by N. Harrisburg, 221 W. The surface is hilly and undulating; soil, loam and alluvion. Plum cr. runs on its n. e., and Thomp- son's run on its s. e. boundary. It has 1 sch. 25 scholars. Pop. 2,163. WiLKiNS, p-0., Union co., O. WiLKiNSBURG, p-v., Wilkins t., Alleghany co.. Pa., 192 w. by n. Harrisburg, 218 W. Situated in the forks of Nine iVIile run, and contains 3 stores, and about 60 dwellings. Wilkinson, county, Ga. Situated a little s. of tlie centre of the state, and contains 430 sq. ms. Drained by Commi.'^sioner's and Big Sandy creeks, branches of Oconee r. Capital, Irwinton. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,881, sheep 1,859, .'^wine 16,047; wheat 12,767 bush, pro- duced, Ind. corn 140,642, oats 5,117, potatoes 10,828, rice 1,720 pounds, cotton 1,809,612; 12 stores, cap. $3S,775 ; 4 distilleries, 16 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $27,800. 4 acad. 159 students, 10 sch. 153 scholars. Pop. whites 4,957, slaves 1,866, free col'd 19 ; total, 6,842. Wilkinson, county. Miss. Situated in the s. w. corner of the state, and contains 580 sq. ms. Mississippi r. bounds it on the w., Homochitto r. bounds il on the n. and n. w. Drained by Buf- falo fT. The surface is hilly and broken : soil, very fertile, producing cotton. Capital, Wood- ville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,2!9, sheep 9,729, swine 26,528 ; Ind. corn 473,693 bush, produced, oats 19,635, potatoes 99,565, rice 4,555 pounds, cotton 15,250,907 ; 32 stores, cap. $174,250; 3 tanneries, 9 grist m., 4 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $42,800. 6 acad. 264 students, 5 sch. 87 scholars. Pop. whites 3,269, slaves 10,894, free col'd 30; total, 14,193. Wilkinson's Shop, p-o., Chesterfield co., Va., 39 s. s. w. Richmond, 156 W. Wilkinsonville, p-v., Worcester co., Mass., 39 w. Boston, 404 W. Wilkinsonville, p-v., Chesterfield co., Va., 32 s. s. w. Riclimond, 149 W. Wilkinsville, p-v., Union dist., S. C, 98 n. w. Columbia, 447 W. Wilkinsville, v., Clarke co., Ga. It contains an academy, 4 stores, and 25 dwellings. Will, county, 111. Situated toward the n. e. part of the state, and contains 504 square miles. Drained by Kankakee r. and its branches. Des- plaines r. bounds it on the n. w. Capital, Juliet. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,278, sheep 2,584, swine 15,690; wheat 110,464 bush, pro- duced, Ind. corn 173,383, buckwheat 1,561, bar- ley 5,729, oais 271,587, potatoes 112,482, sugar 8,100 pounds; 41 stores, cap. $142,693; 1 tan- nery, 1 distillery, 2 flouring m., 5 grist m., 14 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $96,284. 3 acad, 68 students, 35 sch. 1,082 scholars. Pop. 10,167. WiLLET, p-t., Cortland co., N. Y., IS s. E. Cortland, 134 w. Albany, 3il W. The surface is hilly ; soil, clay loam. Drained by Ostelic r. It has 1 store, cap. $6,000 ; 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,775, 7 sch. 256 scholars. Pop. 872. Williams, r., Vt., is fornied by the union of 3, branches in Chester, and flows into Connecticirt r., in Rockingham, 3 ms. above Bellows Falls. \\'iLL[AM.5, county, O. Situated in the n. w. corner of the state, and contains OK) sq ms. The soil is very fertile. Watered by Maumee, Tiffin, Auglaize, and Little St. Joseph rivers, some of which afford water power. It has a mineral spring, Iialf a mile e. of Defiance, the odor of which can be perceived at the distance of a quar- ter of a mile, possesses valuable properties, and is much frequented. The Wabash and Erie ca- nal passes through its s. e. corner. Capital, De- fiance. There were in 1840, neat cattle 3,662, sheep 1,062, swine 8,225 ; w'heat 29,26^ bush, produced, rye 899, Ind. corn 82,403, buckwheat 1,454, oats 24,805, potatoes 33,156, sugar 27,567 , 17 stores, cap. $37,350 ; 1 tannery, 3 printing of- fices, 3 weekly newspapers, 10 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $43,850. 24 sch. 570 schol- ars. Pop. 4,465. Williams, t., Northampton co.. Pa. It has 4 stores, cap. $5,200 ; 8 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 3 saw in. Cap. in manu- fac. $4,700. 1 sch. 65 scholars. Pop. 1,937, Williams, p-o., Christian co., Ky., 215 w. s, w. Frankfort, 749 W. Williams, t,, Benton co., Mo. Pop. 329. WiLLiAMSBORotJGii, p-v., Granville co., N, C, 48 N. Raleigh, 241 W. It contains 100 inhabit.- antg. Williamsburg, dist., S. C. Situated toward the E. part of the state, and contains 1,200 sq. ms. Lynches cr, runs on its n. e. border, and Santee r. on the s. e. Drained by Black r. and Cedar cr. and their branches. Capital, Kingstree. There were in 1840, neat cattle 17,632, sheep 3,183, swine 29,035; wheat 4,460 bush, produced, Ind. corn 200,312, oats 5,224, popatoes 60,849, rice 95,500 pounds, cotton 515,038; 7 stores, cap, $38,.500 ; 9 flouring m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $19,983. 4 acad. 70 students, 12 sch, 161 scholars. Pop. whites 3,327, slaves 6,908, free col'd 32 ; total, 10,327. Williamsburg, p-t., Piscataquis co.. Me., 40 N. Bangor, 102 n. n. e. Augusta, 699 W. Drained by Plea.s.uit r. and its branches, which flow into Penobscot r. The surface is undulating ; soil, fertile. It contains on its w. border an inex- haustible quarry of slate for roofing. It has 2 sch. 60 scholars. Pop, 131. Williamsburg, p-t., Hampshire co,, Mass., 8 N. w. Northampton, 100 w. Boston, 388 W. The surface is uneven and elevated ; soil, fertile. Drained by Mill r., wliicii affords water power. The v. is situated on both sides of Mill r., and contains 3 cliurclies — 2 Congregational and 1 iMethodist — and several manufactories. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $9,600; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 1 tannery. 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. .$19,170, 1 acad, 9 sch. 442 scholars. Pop. 1,3.')9. Williamsburg, p-t.. Kings co., N. V., 147 s. Albany, 227 W, Situated n. e. of Brooklyn ; bounded by East r. on the w. The surface is level ; soil, moderately fertile. The v, is situa- ted opposite the N. E. part of the city of New York, with whicii it is connected by 3 steam fer- ries. Incor[X)iated in 1(>27, and contains a village hall, including a jail, 7 churches — 1 PresbylPiian, 1 Dutch Reformed, 1 Episcopal, 2 Methodist, and 2 Roman Catholic — 1 fire insurance co., 20 stores and groceries, 5 distilleries, 1 brewery, 1 tannery. 1 spice fac, 3 ship yards, 4 lumber yards, 5 rope walks, 1 glue fac, I iron foundry, and 5,094 in- habitants. It is closely allied to New York, where many of its inhabiianls do btisiness. It 1ms many handsome dwelhngs. There are in WIL 729 WIL the t. 33 stores, cap. $95,000; 4 distilleries, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in raanufac. $343,000. Williamsburg, pbi, Huntingdon co., Pa., 110 w. Harrisburg, 153 W. Situated on the s. side of Juniata r., and contains 5 churches, 8 stores, cap. $30,500 ; 1 woollen fac, 2 tanneries, 1 dis- tillery, 1 pottery, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $22,375. 2 sch. 80 scholars. Pop. 637. Incorporated in 1828. The Pennsylvania canal runs by the v. Williamsburg, p-v., capital of James City co., Va., 5S E. s. E. Richmond, 175 W. Situated on elevated ground between James and York rivers. First settled in 1632, and was formerly the seat of the colonial government. It is regularly laid out with streets intersecting each oilier at right angles, and contains a court house, jail, and county offices on a public square, 3 churches — 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — a lunatic asylum, 200 dwellings, and about 1,600 inhabit- ants. It bears some marks of decay. It is the seat of William and Mary college, founded in 1693, and contains a president and 4 professors or other instructors, 1 10 students, and 5,000 vols, in its libraries. The commencement is on the 4th of July. Williamsburg, p-v., Iredell co., N. C, 157 w. Raleigh, 368 W. It contains 40 inhabitants. Williamsburg, p-v., capital of Covington co., Miss., 82 s. E. Jackson, 1,032 W. Situated be- tween head branches of Leaf r., and contains about 75 inhabitants. Williamsburg, p-v., Mason co., Ky., 89 e. n. E. Frankfort, 463 W. Situated a little s. of the Ohio r., and contains about 75 inhabitants. Williamsburg, p-t., Clermont co., O., 28 e. Cincinnati, 105 s. w. Columbus, 472 W. It con- tains Williamsburg v., formerly the capital of the CO., situated on the e. branch of Little Miami r., 14 ms. from Ohio r., and has several stores, 65 dwell- ings, and about 400 inhabitants. The t. has 6 stores, cap. .$5,600 ; 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $3,500. 3 sch. 85 scholars. Pop. 1,450. Williamsburg, p-v., Wayne co., la., 73 e. In- dianapolis, 512 W. Situated on a branch of Whiteviater r., and contains about 100 inhabitants. Williamsburg, p-v., Callaway co.. Mo., 37 n. N. E. Jefferson City, 902 W. It contains about 75 inhabitants. Williams Centre, p-v., Williams co., O., 171 N. w. Columbus, 523 W. Williams College Grant, t., Aroostook co., Me Pop. 85. Williams Cross Roads, p-o., Sumter co., Ala., 99 s. w. Tuscaloosa, 917 W. Williamsfield, p-t., Ashtabula co., O., 20 s. E. Jefferson, 200 n. e. Columbus, 316 W. Or- ganized in 1826 from Wayne t. It has 6 sch. 268 scholars. Pop. 892. Williams Ferry, p-o., Wliite co., 111., 189 s. E. Springfield, 749 W. Williams Mill, p-o.. Smith co., Tenn., 65 E. Nashville, 664 W. WiLLiAMso.N, county, Tenn. Situated a little E. of the centre of the state, and contains 476 sq. ms. Drained by Ilarpeth r. and its branches, a tributary of Tennessee r. Capital, Franklin. There were in 1840, neat cattle 23,417, sheep 32.123, swine 96,910; wheat 145,062 bush, pro- duced, rye 22,071, Ind. corn 942,035, bariey 1,225, oats 184,896, potatoes 30,320, tobacco 1,126,982 lbs., cotton 1,218,176; 25 stores, cap. $122,500 ; 1 furnace, 2 forges, 1 cotton fac. 1,052 sp., 9 tanner- ies, 9 distilleries, 23 grist m., 11 saw m., 1 priming office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in raanufac. $148 156. 4 acad. 143 students, 35 sch. 870 scho- 92 lars. Pop. whites 15,641, slaves 11,251, free col'd 114; total. 27,006. Williamson, county. 111, Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 432 sq. ms. Drairt- ed by 3Iuddy cr., which Hows into Mississippi r., and by Saline cr., flowing into Ohio r. Capital, Bainbridge. There were in 1840, neat cattle 4,736, sheep 3,198, swine 13,902; wheat 11,932 bush, produced, Ind. corn 172,890, oats 29,370, potatoes 3,8S1, tobacco 115,419 pounds, cotton 45,423; 7 stores, cap. $17,575; 2 tanneries, 2 dis- tilleries, 7 grist m., 2 saw m., 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $3,075. 10 sch. 365 scholars. Pop. 4,457. Williamson, p-t., Wayne co., N. Y., 200 w, by N. Albany, 364 W. The surface is generally level ; soil, fertile. Drained by small streams flowing into Lake Ontario, which bounds it on the N. The v. is situated on th^ Ridge road, and contains 1 church, 2 stores, 25 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. In the vicinity are 1 flour- ing m. and 1 saw m., on Fish cr. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $27,500 ; 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,170. 11 sch. 375 scholars. Pop. 2,147. WiLLiAMSPORT, p-b.. Capital of Lycoming co.. Pa., 160 N. w. Philadelphia, 93 n. Harrisburg, 203' W. Situated on the n. bank of w. branch of Sus- quehanna r., and contains a court house and county offices of brick, a jail. 1 German Lutheran, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist church ; 15 stores, cap. $54,000; 3 tanneries, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $33,800. 2 acad. 34 students, 3 sch. 151) scholars. Pop. 1,353. The Pennsylvania canal passes through the place. The Williamsport and Elmira rail- road connects the 2 places. WiLLiAMsroRT, p-v., Washington co., Md.,. 107 N. w. Annapolis, 80 W. Situated on the e. side of Potomac r., at the mouth of Conecocheague- cr. The Chesapeake and Ohio canal passes through it. The Franklin railroad from Cliam- bersburg terminates here. It contains about 500 inhabitants. WiLLiA.MSPORT, p-v.. Hardy cc^ Va., 180 n, w. Richmond, 142 W. Williamsport, p-v., Maury co., Tenn., 45 s, s. w. Nashville, 722 W. Situated on the s. side of Duck r., and contains aljout 1 10 inhabitants. Williamsport, p-v.. Duck Creek t., Picka- way CO., O., 35 s. Columbus, 405 W. Williamsport, v., Madison t., Columbiana CO., O. Pop. 84. Williamsport, p-v., capital of Warren co., la., 78 w. N. w. Indianapolis, 645 W. Situated on the w. bank of Wabash r. It has a good landing for boats, and contains several stores and about 350 inhabitants. It is surrounded by a fer- tile country. Williams Store, p-o., Hardeman co., Tenn., 177 w. s. w. Nashville, 862 W. WiLLiAMSTON, p-v., BarbouF CO., Ala., 186 s, E. Tuscaloosa, 834 W. Situated 12 ms. W. of the Chattahoochee r., and contauis about 75 inhabit- ants. WiLLTA.MSTOWN, p-t., Orange co., Vt., 11 s. e. MontpeUer, 510 W. Ii occupies the height of land between Winoosld or Onion and White rivers, a brook here dividing, and a part of its waters flowing to each. The surface i.s uneven ; soil, well adapted to grazing. The Gulf road is a deep ravine, through which the turnpike from. Royalton to MontpeUer passes, has lofty hills wliich rise on each side of the road, and consti- tutes a remarkable passage through this moun- tainous region. Chartered in 1731, first settled in 1784. It contains 5 churches — 1 Congrega- WIL 730 WIL tional, 1 Kaptist, 1 Freewill Baptist, 1 Methodi&t, and 1 Universalist. It has 2 stores, cap. $18,400 ; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. fap. in nianufac. $16,385. 17 sch. 562 scholars. Pop. 1,620. WiLLiAMSTOWN, p-t., Berkshire co., Mass., 20 N. Pittsfield, 131 w. by n. Boston, 393 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, clay, loam, and gravel, well adapted to grazing. Watered by Iloosic and Green rivers, which afford water power. The v. is situated on uneven ground, the main street passing over several ridges. It contains a Con- gregational church, several stores, an academy, and about 50 dwellings, some of them neat and handsome. It is the seat of Williams College, founded in 1793, which has a president and 7 pro- fessors or other instructors, 933 alumni, of whom 331 have been ministers of the gospel, 155 stu- dents, and 7,500 vols, in its libraries. The com- mencement is on the 3d W^ednesday in August. The t. contains a Baptist church, and in the s. part a church common to Baptists and Congrega- tionalists. There are in the t. 7 stores, capital $21,000; 1 fulling m., 2 cotton fac. 1,788 sp., 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $49,700. 1 college 1,300 students, 1 acad. 25 stu- dents, 13 sch. 340 scholars. Pop. 2,153. WiLLiA.MSTOWN, p-t., Oswego CO., N. Y., 28 e. Oswego, 139 w. n. w. Albany, 388 W. The surface is level ; soil, moist sandy loam, well adapted to grass. Drained by a branch of Fish cr. and by Salmon cr. The v. contains 1 church, 2 stores, and in the vicinity, 1 llouring m. and 1 saw m., on Fish cr. There are in the t. 5 stores, cap. $16,925; 1 fulling m., 8 sch. 233 scholars. Pop. 842. WiLLiAMSTOWN, p-v., Lancaster co., Pa., 49 K. .s. E. Hurrisburg, 119 W. WiLLiAiMSTOwN, p-v., Capital of Martin co., N. C, 110 E. Raleigh, 264 W. Situated on the w. side of Roanoke r., and contains a court house, jail, and about 250 inhabitants. WiLLiAMSTo w.\, p-v.. Capital of Grant CO., Ky., 49 N. N. E. Frankfort^ 529 W. Situated on the e. side of Eagle cr., a branch of Kentucky r., and t^ontains a court house, jail, and a number of dwellings. WiLLiAMSTOWN, t., Hancock CO., O. Pop. 28. WiLLiAMSTOWN, p-v., DecatuT CO., la., 55 s. E. Indianapolis, 558 W. WiLLiA.MSviLLE, p-v., Windham co., Vt., 119 s. ^lontpelier, 438 W. WiLLiAMSviLLE, p-v., Amlierst t., Erie co., N. Y., 278 w. Albany, 391 W. Situated on El- licott's cr., and contains 2 churches, 8 stores, 2 ilouring m., 2 saw m., 1 tannery, 1 clothier's works, 1 furnace, 1 water-lime m. : 40 or 50,000 bushels of water lime are produced in the vicinity. WiLLLIAMSVlLLE, p-0., McKcail CO., Pa., 181 N. w. Harrisburg, 273 W. WiLLiAMsviLLE, p-v., Kent CO., Del., 22 s. s. w. Dover, 126 W. WiLLiAMsviLLE, po., Bath CO., Va. WiLLiAMsviLLE, p-0., Delaware co., O., 15 s. Columbus, 408 W. WILLIAMSVILLE, p-v., Person co., N. C, 61 n. N. w. Raleigh, 257 W. WiLLiMANSET, p-v., Springfield t., Hampden CO., Mass., 94 w. Boston, 371 W. Situated on the E. side of Connecticut r. WiLLiMANTic, r., Tolland co., Ct., rises in Siallord. and flowing s. unites with Natchaug r. to Ibrm SheLucket r. ^VILi.IMA^TIC, p-v., Windham t., Windham CO., Ci., 28 E. Hartford, 364 W. Situated on the N. side of Willimantic r. It is built on 1 street, 1 mile long, and contains 3 churches — 1 Congre-/ gational, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — 6 cotton fac, a satinet fac, and a paper m. WiLLiNBOROUGH, t., Burlington co., N. J., 7 N. w. 3Iount Holly. The surfiace is generally level ; soil, sandy loam, and well cultivated. Delaware r. boimds it on the n. vv., over which is Dunks' ferry, 4 miles below Burlington. It j contains Cooperstown v. It has 4 stores, cap. $11,400; 1 lumber yard, cap. $3,000. Cap. in manufac. $3,100. 2 sch. 73 scholars. Pop. 900. WiLLiNGTON, t., Piscataquis co., Me. It has 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 9 sch. 353 scholars. Pop. 722. WiLLiNGTON, p-t., Tolland co., Ct., 23 w. Hartford, 264 W. Willimantic r. bounds it on the w., by branches of which it is drained, and which afford water power. The surface is un- even and rough. Iron ore is found. The v. contains 1 Congregational and 1 Baptist church. There are in llie t. 3 stores, cap. $9,500 ; 1 tan- nery, 2 grist m., 2 saw m. t'ap. in manufac. $18,067. 10 schools, 437 scholars. Population 1,268. WiLLiNGTON, p-v., Abbeville dist., S. C, 100 vv. Columbia, 448 W. It contains about 50 in- habitants. WiLLiNK, p-o., Aurora t., Erie co., N. Y., 278 w. Albany, 363 W. WiLLisTON, p-t., Chittenden co., Vt., 32 n. n. w. 3Iontpelier, 518 VV. The surface is moderate- ly uneven; soil, a fertile loam. Onion or Wi- nooski river runs on its n. boundary. Drained by small streams. Chartered in 1763. First settled in 1774. Thomas Chittenden, one of the fathers, and for many years the governor of Vt., died here in 1797. The v. contains a handsome Congregational church, of brick, a town house, an academy, and a number of dwellings, it is a fine agricultural t. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $17,000 ; 2 tanneries, 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $10,550. 10 sch. 359 scholars. Pop. 1,554. WiLLiSTON, p-v., Barnwell dist., S. C, 98 s. s. w. Columbia, 603 W. WiLLisTON, p-v., (Callaway co., Ky., 265 w. s w. Frankfort, 792 W. WiLLisTOWN, t., Chester co.. Pa., 20 n. w. Philadelphia. The surface is a gentle declivity ; soil, gravelly. Drained by Ridley and Crum creeks. It has 3 stores, cap. $15,000 ; 2 lumber yards, cap. $3,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,.500. 5 sch. 206 scholars. Pop. 1,460. WiLLOUGHBY, p-t.. Lake co., O., 164 n. n. k. Columbus, 35S W. It was formerly called Chagrin. The soil is fertile and well cultivated. The V. contains 2 churches, 9 stores, 1 flouring m., 2 tanneries, various mechanics, and the Wil- loughby University. The medical department only has been put in operation, and is flourish- ing. It was founded in 1834, and has five profes- sors and 27 students. The lectures commence on the last Monday of October, annually. It has 1 college, 40 students, 13 sch. 800 scholars. Pop. 1,943. Willow Fork, t., Morgan co., Mo. It has 1 acad. 30 students, 1 sch. 22 scholars. Pop. 1,146. Willow Grove, p-o., Sussex co., N. J., 21 n. Trenton, 260 W. Willow Grove, p-o., Kent co., Del. Willow Grove, p-v., iMoreiand t., 3Iontgo- mery co., Pa., 13 n. Philadelphia, 111 e. Harris- burg, 151 W. Situated in a pleasant valley, and contains 3 stores, 15 dwellings, chiefly of slone, and is much resorted to from Philadelpliia as a summer residence. WIL 731 WIL Willow Grove, p-o., Lincoln co., N. C, 170 W. by s. Raleigh, 409 W. Willow Gkove, p-o., Sumpter dist., S. C, 85 E. Columbia, 477 W. Willow Grove, p-o., Coweta co., Ga. Willow Grove, p-o., Livingston co., Ky., 247 w. s. w. Frankfort, 774 W. Willow Grove, p-o., Sumner co., Tenn., 39 N. e. Nashville, 678 W. Willow Springs, p-o., Claiborne co.. Miss., 10 E. Grand Gulf, 53 s. w. Jatkson, 1,063 W. Willow Springs, p-o., Iowa co., Wis., 62 w. s. w. Madison, 874 W. Situated a little E. of the w. branch of Peckatonokee r. Willow Street, p-o., Lancaster co., Pa., 42 E. s. E. Harrisburg, 107 W. Willsborough, pt., Essex co., N. Y., 15 n. E. Elizabeth, 145 n. Albany, 516 W. The sur- face is chiefly level on the E., hilly on the w ; soil, fertile clay loam. Drained by Boquet r., and other streams flowing into Lake Charaplain, which bounds it on the e. The v. is situated on Boquet r., and contains 1 Presbyterian churcli, 3 stores, 1 grist m., 1 forge, 1 cupola furnace, 1 saw m., 1 plaster m., 1 tannery, 60 dwellings, and about 450 inhabitants. There are in the t. 4 stores, cap. $7,200; 1 fulling m., 1 furnace, 4 forges, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in man uf. $18,650. 11 sch. 424 scholars. Pop. 1,658. Wills, t., Guernsey co., O. It contains the v. of Elizabethtown. It has 1 college, 3 sch. 125 scholars. Pop. 1,916. Wills' Creek, p-o., Coshocton co., O., 74 n. E Columbus, 347 W. Tlie creek from which it is named enters Tuscarawas r., 40 miles above Marietta. WiLLSEYviLLE, p-0.. Candor t., Tioga co., N. Y., 176 w. s. w. Albany, 290 W. WiLLSHiRE, p-t.. Van Wert co., O., 133 w. n. w. Columbus, 513 W. The soil is fertile. Wa- tered by St. Mary's r. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,400 ; 1 gi-ist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $12,100. Pop. 431. ' WiLMURT, t., Herkimer co., N. Y., 35 n. Her- kimer, 100 N. N. w. Albany. It is the largest t. in the state, being 40 miles long and 15 wide. It abounds with lakes and streams, and is mostly a wilderness. Pop. 60. WiLMiNGTO.v, p-t., Windham co., Vt., 17 e. Bennington, 124 s. by w. ]>Iontpelier, 429 W. The soil is fertile, adapted to grazing and to grain. The E. and w. branches of Deerlield r. unite here, and alTord water power. Tiie outlet of Ray's pond affords a mill seat. Chartered in 1763. It contains a Congregational and a Bap- tist church, and some Methodists and IJniversal- ists. It has 4 stores, cap. $14,500; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $7,400. 13 sch 426 scholars. Pop. 1,296. Wilmington, p-t., 3Iicldlesex co., JMass., 16 n. N. w. Boston, 454 W. The surface is level ; soil, light and sandy. Drained by brandies of Pea- body's r., which flows into Ipswich river. The Boston and Lowell railroad and the 3Iiddlese.x canal pass tluough it. Hops are largely pro- duced and exported. Chartered in 1730. It has 2 stores, cap. $3,300 ; 2 forges, 1 grist ra., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $20,425. 4 sch. 40 schol- ars. Pop. 859. WiLMiNGTO.v, p-t., Essex CO., M. Y., 153 N.Al- bany, 528 W. The sur.'ace is mountainous ; soil, fertile in the valleys. Drained by tlie w. branch of Ausable r., and Saranac river passes tlirough its N. w. corner. It contains inexliausti- ble beds of excellent iron ore. The v. contains 1 church, 2 stores, 1 forge, 1 grist m.. 1 saw m., and about 20 dwellings. There are in the t. 1 store, cap. $3,000; 9 Ibrges, 1 grist m., 5 sawm. Cap. in manufac. $7,800. 5 sch. 215 scholars. Pop 92S. Wilmington, city, and port of entry, and semi-capital of New Castle co., Delaware. Situ- ated between Brandywine and Christiana creeks, one mile above their junction 2 w. Dela- ware r., 47 N. Dover, 28 s. w. Philadelphia, 70 n. E. Baltimore, 110 W.— -39° 41' x. lat., and 75° 28' w. Ion. Pop. 1830, 6,628; 1840, 8,367. It is regularly laid out, with wide streets crossing each other at right angles, and built on ground gradu- ally rising to the height of 112 feet above tide- water, and the situation is healthy and pleasant. The houses are well built, generally of brick, and some of them are elegant. The city con- tains a city hall, 2 market houses, 3 banks, an almshouse, an arsenal, n Friends boarding school for young ladies, a public library, and 16 places of worship — 3 Kpi.scopal, 3 Presbyterian, 3 Me- thodist, 2 Friends, 1 IJaptist, 1 Roman Catholic, and some others. Chrisiiana cr. is nav'gable for vessels requiring 14 feet of water to the city. On Brandywine creek are some of the finest flouring mills in the United Stales, to which vessels drawing 8 feet of water can come. Wil- mington has considerable commerce. It is ex- tensively engaged in the whale fishery. The tonnage in 1840, was 16,110. It has a daily communication with Philadelphia and Baltimore, by railroad. There were in 1840, 95 stores, cap. $344,850 ; 3 lumber yards, cap. $60,000 ; fish- eries, cap. $170,000; value of machinery pro- duced, $258,500 ; 1 cotton fac. 1,140 sp., 2 tan- neries, 3 breweries, 2 potteries, 1 ropewalk, 6 flouring m., 1 grist m., 3 printing offices, 2 binde- ries, 3 weekly, 3 semi-weekly newspapers, 1 periodical. Cap. in manufac. $459,900. 9 acad. 437 students, 14 sch. 991 scholars. Wilmington, p-o., Fluvanna co., Va., 53 w. N. w. Richmond, 132 W. Situated on Rivanna r., 14 miles above its mouth, and contains 2 stores and a few dwellings. Wilmington, p-v., port of entry, and capital of New Hanover co., N. C, 90 s. e. Fayetteville, 148 s. s. E. Raleigh, 365 W. Situated on the E. side of Cape Fear r, just below the confluence of the N. E. and n. w. branches, about 35 miles from the sea. It conlains a court house, jail, an academy, 2 banks, 1 Presbyterian and one Epis- copal church, and 4,744 inhabitants, being the most populous town in the state. It is well situ- ated for trade, but the situation is accounted un- healthy. The harbor admits vessels of 300 tons, but the entrance has a dangerous shoal. Oppo- site the town are 2 islands, dividing the river into 3 channels. They aflTord the finest ri( e fields in the state. In 1819, 200 buildings were destroyed by fire, at a loss of $1,000,000. Ton- nage 1840, 18,232. WiLMi.vGTO.v, p-v., capital of Clinton co., O., 72 s. w. Columbus, 445 W. Situated on Todd's ibrk, a branch of Little Miami r. It contains a brick court house, a jail, 4 churches — 1 Presby- terian, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Friends — 125 dwellings, and about 750 inhabitants. It was laid out in 1810. Wilmington, p-v., BIcCracken co., Ky. WiLMiXGTO.v, p-v., Dearborn co., la., 84 s. v.. Indianapolis, 520 W. It contains about 200 in- habitants. Wilmington, p-v., Will co.. 111., 152 n. e. Springfield, 726 W. Wilmington, island, Ga. Situated in the Sa- vannah r., between the n. and s. channels, 8 ms. s. E. Savannah. It is 6 miles long and 4 broud, and conuiins 1 church, and 630 inhabitants. WiLMORE, p-v Cambria co., Pa. WIL 732 WIN WiLMOT, p-t., Merrimac co., N. H., 27 n. w. Concord, 302 W. The surface is uneven and rough ; soil, adapted to grazing. Its streams are small, and flow into Black water river, but afford some water power. It has 1 store, cap. S"2,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tannery, 2 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $9,580. 9 sch. 350 scholars. Pop. 1,212. WiLNA, p-t., Jefl[(?rgon co., N. Y., 157 n. w. Albany, 446 W. The surface ia generally level ; soil, sandy and clay loam, and moderately fertile. Drained by Indian and Black rs. It contains the V. of Carthage, at the head of the long fill Is on Black r., above which the r. is navigable for 40 miles, to the high falls, for steamboats. It has 6 stores, cap. $25,G00 ; 2 commission houses, cap. $5,000 ; 2 fulling m., 1 furnace, 1 forge, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 6 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,000. 20 sch. 810 scholars. Pop. 2,591. WiLNA, p-v., Houston CO., Ga., 60 s. w. Mil- ledgeville, 708 W. Situated about 6 ms. e. by N. of Perry the capital, and 10 ms. from Ocmul- gce river. WiLsox, county, Tenn. Situated a little n. of the centre of the state, and contains 430 square ms. Cumberland r. bounds it on the n., by small tributaries of which, and of Stone r., it is drained. Capital, Lebanon. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 20,109, slieep 19,309, swine 48,115; wheat 106,413 bush, produced, rye 13,554, Indian corn 2,601,652, oats 164,334, potatoes 153,990, tobacco 2,313,000 pounds, cotton 295,373; 19 stores, cap. $78,600 ; 6 woollen foe, 2 cotton fac. 1,556 sp., 81 tanneries, 23 distilleries, 94 grist m., 47 saw m., 1 printing oiiice, 1 weekly new.spaper. Cap. in manufac. $179,950. 36 sell. 887 scholars. Pop. whites 18,203, slaves 5,988, free col'd 269 ; total, 24,460. Wilson, p-t., Piscataquis co.. Me. Drained by a branch of Piscataquis r., which flows through Sebec pond in its course. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Capital in manufac. $1,500. 2 sch. 29 scholars. Pop. 70. WtLSON, p-t., Niagara co., N. Y., 10 n. w. Lockport, 290 w. by n. Albany, 420 W. The surface is generally level ; soil, sandy and grav- elly loam, with some clay. Drained by How- ell's and Tuscarora creeks, flowing into Lake Ontario, which bounds it on the n. It has 1 store, cap. $5,000 ; 1 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,200. 12 sch. 476 scholars. Pop. 1,753. Wilson, t., Audrain co.. Mo It has 1 sch. 15 scholars. Pop. 334. Wilson's, p-o., Anderson co., Tenn., 181 e. Nashville, 508 W. Wilson's, p-o., Ohio co., Ky., 156 w. s. w. Frankfort, 698 W. Wilson's Creek, p-o., Abbeville dist., S. C, 112 w. Columbia, 541 W. Wilson's Cheek, p-o., Graves co., Ky., 287 w. s. w. Frankfort, 814 W. Wilson's Cross Koads, p-o., Luzerne co., Pa. WiLsoNviLLE, p-o., Adams co., Pa,, 45 s. w. Harrisburg, 85 W. WiLSONviLLE, p-v., Bath co., Va., 198 w. N. w. Richmond, 178 VV. WiLsoNviLLE, p-v., Lincoln co., N. C, 185 vv. s. w. Raleigh, 422 W. WiLsoNviLLE, p-v., Shelby co., Ak., 82 e. Tuscaloosa, 772 W. Situated 8 ms. N. E. of Co- lumbiana, the capital of the county. WiLSONViLLE, p-v., Spencer co., Ky., 35 w. R. w. Frankfort, 577 W. It contains about 50 in- habitants. Wilton, p-t., Franklin co., Me., 38 w. N. w. Augusta, 275 W. The surface is pleasantly di- versified ; soil, fertile, adapted to grain. Drained by branches of Sandy r. issuing from 2 pond*. Incorporated in 1837. It has 7 stores, capita! $16,200; 3 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 3 tanneries, 3 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $39,725. 14 sch. 725 scholars. Pop. 2,198. WiLTO.N, p-t., HilLsboro' co., N. H., 40 g. by w. Concord, 454 W. The surface is rocky and rough ; soil, fertile. Drained by Souhegan river and its branches. Clay and fine building alone are found. Incorporated in 1762. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,100 ; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 5 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,750. 9 sch. 26iJ scholars. Pop. 1,033. Wilton, p-t., Fairfield co., Ct., 74 s. w. Hart- ford, 275 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, a pro- ductive gravelly loam. Drained by Norwalk r., which affords water power. Incorporated in 1802. The v. contains 1 Congregational and I Episcopal churcli, and an academy. There are in the t. 7 stores, cap. $10,000; 2 grist m., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $9,600. 2 acad. 63 students, 11 sch. 631 scholars. Pop. 2,053. Wilton, p-t., Saratoga co., N. Y., 12 n. Ball- ston Spa, 43 n. Albany, 413 W. The surface is hilly on the w., more level on the e.; soil, sand, and sandy loam. Drained by a tributary of Hud- son r. It has 2 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 1 fulling ni., 2 tanneries, 1 grist ra., 6 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $4,900. 7 sch. 289 scholars. Pop. 1,43S. Wilton, p-v., Granville co., N. C, 34 n. Ra- leigh, 270 W. WiNciiENDON, p-t., Worcester co., Mass., 30 n. by w. Worcester, 60 w. n. w. Boston, 419 W. The surface is moderately uneven and rocky ; soil, fertile. Drained by branches of Miller's r., which afford water power. There is a mineral sjiring in its n. part, containing iron and sulphur, where is a small v. containing a Methodist church. The V. at the centre contains a Congregational church, and there is a Baptist church in the w. part. Incorporated in 1764. There are in the t. 3 stores, cap. $15,000; 1 cotton fac. 3,,500 sp., 1 tannery, 1 grist in., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $110,550. 13 sch. 345 scholars. Pop. 1,754. Wlnciiester, pt., Cheshire co., N. H., 64 s. w. Concord, 118 W. The surface is level in tho s. E., elsewhere uneven ; soil, fertile. Drained by Ashuelot river and its branches, which afford water power. The v. at the centre, on Ashuelot river, contains 3 churches, and some mills and manufactories. There is a manufacturing v. in the w. part. Incorporated in 1753. It has 6 stores, cap. $19,000; 3 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 400 sp., 1 furnace, 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 15 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $94,383. 14 sch. 570 scholars. Pop. 2,065. Winchester, p-t., Litchfield co., Ct., 26 n. w. Hartford, 350 W. The surface is hilly and moun- tainous ; soil, gravelly loam, adapted to grazing. Watered by Mad r., a branch of Farmington r. It contains 4 churches — 2 Congregational, 1 Meth- odist, and 1 Universalist. The 2 latter are in the v. of Clifton, which contains 4 siore.s, and about 70 dwellings. A pond near the v., 3i ms. long, and three fourths of a m. wide, by its outlet into Mad r., affords excellent water power. The v. contains extensive iron works, supplied by ore from Salisbury. Whitingville v., e. of this, con- tains a Congregational church, and several manu- facturing establishments. There are in the t. 8 stores, cap. $20,900 ; 3 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 1 furnace, 9 forges, 3 tanneries, 1 grist m., 5 saw in. Cap. in manufac. $138,700. J acad. 100 stU' dents, 13 sch. 420 scholars. Pop. 1,667. Winchester, p-v., capital of Frederick CO., Va., 146 N. N. w. Richmond, 74 W. Situated on Abraham's branch of Opequan cr., a branch of WIN 733 WIN the I'otomac r. Founded in 1752. The streets cross each other at right angles, and are generally paved, and the houses are mostly of brick or stone. It contains a court house, jail, market house, masonic hall, a lyceum, 13 churches — 2 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 3 Baptist, 2 Methodist, 2 Lutheran, 1 German Reformed, 1 Friends, and 1 Roman Catholic — an academy, 2 banks, besides 1 for savings, numerous stores, 2 furnaces, 2 breweries, 3 carriage fac, 7 flouring m., 1 carpet fac, 1 cotton fac, and 3,454 inhabitants. The v. is supplied by water from a spring, half a m. dis- tant, through cast iron pipes. A railroad extends to Harper's Ferry, where it unites with the Balti- more railroad. Its trade is extensive, and its ad- vantages are great. It is memorable for important events in the French war, and for the succors which it afforded to " that heroic youth, Colonel Washington." Winchester, t., Adams co., O. Drained by a branch of Brush cr. Until recently, it was a part of Scott t. It is situated in the n. w. corner of the CO. It has IS stores, cap. $39,720; 2 tan- neries, 1 printing office, 1 grist m., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $4,623. Pop. 1,121. Winchester, p-v , Madi-son t., Guernsey co., O., 87 E. Columbus, 311 W. It contains about 50 inhabitants. Winchester, p-v., capital of Clarke co., Ky., 44 E. s. E. Frankfort, 545 W. It contains a court house, jail, 2 churches, and 1,047 inhabitants. Winchester, p-v., capital of Franklin co., Tenn., 94 s. s. e. Nashville, 664 W. Situated on a small branch of Elk r., and contains a court hou.se, jail, a church, and about 700 inhabitants. Winchester, p-v., capital of Randolph co., la., 81 E. N. E. Indianapolis, 506 W. It contains a court house, jail, 4 stores, and about 250 in- habitants. Winchester, p-v., capital of Scott co.. 111., 15 s. w. Jacksonville, 50 w. s. w. Springfield, 830 W. It has 11 stores, cap. $15,800; 2 tanneries, 1 pottery, 1 flouring ra., 1 grist in., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $16,600. 1 acad. 60 students, 2 sell. 69 scholars. Pop. 720. Winchester, p-v.. Van Buren co., Iowa. Winchester, p-v., capital of Wayne co., Miss., 151 E. s. E. .lackson, 982 W. Situated on the E. side of Chickasawha r., and contains about 50 inhabitants. Winchester, p-v., Clarke co., Mo., 165 n. by E. Jefferson City, 916 W. It contains about 75 inhabitants. Winchester Centre, p-v., Winchester t., Litchfield CO., Ct., 31 n. vv. Hartford, 355 W. It contains a Congregational church, and a number of dwellings. Winchester Springs, p-o., Franklin co., Tenn., 90 s. s, e. Nashville, 670 W. Windfall, p-o., Onondaga co., N. Y., 144 w. Albany, 3i6 W. Wind G.\p, p-o., Northumberland co., Pa., 110 N. Harrislnirg, 203 W. The Wind Gap is an opening in the Blue mt., extending nearly from the bottom to the top, tlie sides of which are very abrupt. No stream passes through it. It IS 15 ras. from the celebrated Water Gap, through which Delaware r. flow.s. Some have suppo.sed that it once passed through this passage. The road from Easton to Wilkesbarre passes through it. Windham, county, Vt. Situated in tlie s. e. part of the state, and contains 780 sq. ms. Connecticut r. bounds it on the e. The surface is hilly, and in the w. part mountainous ; soil, various; on Connecticut r. are fertile alluvial meadows, in its more uneven parts, well adapted to grazing. Drained by Williams, West, and Saxton rivers and their branches, which afford extensive water power. Capital, Fayetteville v. in Newfane t. There were in 1840, neat catile 42,661, sheep 114,336, swine 29,435; wheat 23,796 bush, produced, rye 33,502, Ind. corn 139,923, buckwheat 13,3S7, barley 8,129, oats 178,761, potatoes 743,366, silk cocoons 513 pounds, sugar 423,400 ; 80 stores, cap. $350,585 ; 2 furnaces, 19 fulling m., 8 woollen fac, 1 cotton fac. 60 sp., 29 tanneries, 49 grist m., 134 saw m., 1 oil m., 7 paper fac, 4 printing offices, 1 periodi- cal, 3 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manuiac. $567,800. 4 acad. 501 students, 248 sch. 9,138 scholars. Pop. 27,442. Windham, county, Ct. Situated in the N. E. part of the state, and contains 620 sq. ms. The surface is uneven, and some of it stony and rough ; soil, generally adapted to grazing, with fertile alluvial meadows on the streams. Drain- ed by Quinnebaug and Shetucket rivers and their branches, which afford extensive water power. The Norwich and Worcester railroad passes through it from s. to .\. It has extensive manufactories, particularly in its n. e. part. Or- ganized in 1726. Capital, Brooklyn. There were in 1840, neat cattle 23,597, sheep 39,504, swine 12,562; wheat 8,999 bush, produced, rye 48,278, Ind. corn 173,003, buckwheat 30,653, barley 5,904, oats 179,027, potatoes 497,991, silk cocoons 3,001 pounds, sugar 2,549; 115 stores, cap. $309,750 ; 1 furnace, 8 fulling m., 15 woollen fac, 54 cotton fac. 105,016 sp., 19 tanneries, 1 distillery, 57 grist m., 109 saw m., 50 oil m., 3 paper fac. Cap. in manufac $2,223,387. 8 acad. 317 students, 166 sch. 7,749 scholars. Pop. 28,080. Windham, p-t, Cumberland co.. Me., 14 n. n w. Portland, 56 s. s. e. Augusta, 553 W. Pre- sumpscot r. bounds it on the s. w., by branches of which it is watered, and which afford water power. Incorporated in 1762. A pond in its n. w. part flows into Presumpscot r., and Sebago pond lies on its n. w. border. It has 5 stores, cap. $2,250 ; 1 tannery, 18 sch. 620 scholars. Pop. 2,303. Windham, p-t, Rockingham co., N. H., 40 s. e. Concord, 457 W. Beaver r. bounds it on the w. Policy pond lies on its E. border, and Cabot pond near the centre. Incorporated in 1739. It contains a Presbyterian church. It has 2 stores, cap. $5,500 ; 3 fulling m., 1 woollen foe, 1 tannery, 2 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $32,800. 7 sch. 298 scholars. Pop. 926. Windham, p-t., Windham co., Vt., 104 s. Mont- pelier, 452 W. The surface is elevated, and on the w. mountamous ; soil, strong and well adapt- ed to grazing. Drained by branches of Wil- liams, West, and Saxtons rivers, which afford water power. It contains 2 Congregational and 1 Baptist church, and some Methodists and Uni- versalists. Crystals of actinolite are found imbedded in talc. It has 2 stores, cap. $8,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manu- fac. $4,100. 9 sch. 275 scholars. Pop. 757. Windha.m, p-t., Windham co., Ct., 31 e. Hart- ford, 358 W. It was formerly the capital of the CO. Chartered in 1692, first settled in 1686. Wa- tered by Shetucket r. and its branches, which artbrd good water power. It contains the flour- ishing inanufacluruig v. of Willimaiiiic in its n. vv. part, and the pari.sh of Scotland in its E. part, where is a v. containing a Congregational church. The principal v., near the centre, contains 1 Congregaiional and 1 Episcopal church, a bank, an academy, 6 stores, and about 60 dwellings. It has not increased since the American revolu- tion. The county seat was removed to Brook- WIN 734 WIN lyn in 1820. There are in the t. 1 1 stores, cap. !ti48,000 ; 2 fulUng m., 3 woollen f'ac, 5 cotton fac. 11,950 sp., 1 tannery, 2 paper fac, 3 grist m., 7 .saw m. Cap. in nianufac. $361,350. 18 sch. 928 scholars. Pop. 3,3S2. WiNDH.v.M, p-t., Greene co., N. Y., 18 w. Cats- kill, 45 s. w. Albany, 363 W. The surface is hilly and mountainous ; soil, fertile in the valleys. Watered by Bataviakill cr. It has 16 s'.ores, cap. !i!l6,600; 5 tanneries, 3 grist m., 17 saw m. Cap. in manufac. ^50,100. 10 sch. 203 scholars. Pop. 2,417. Wi.\DiiA.M, p-t., Bradford co., Pa., 162 n. by e. Harrisburg, 272 W. The siirlitce is hilly ; soil, gravel. Drained by Wepassening cr., which Hows into Susquehanna r. It has 3 grist m., 9 saw ni. Cap. in manufac. $8,110. 4 sch. 150 scholars. Pop. 87;(. Windham, t. Luzerne co.. Pa., 25 n. w. Wilkesbarre. The sm-face is mountainous; soil, generally fertile. Drained by Big and Little 3Iali()openy creeks. It has 2 stores, cap. 87,200 ; 1 fulling ni., 1 tannery, 2 flouring m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. §13,100. 'J sch. 304 scholars. Pop. 1,647. WiNintAM, p-t.. Portage co., O., 159 n. e. Co- lumbus, 315 W. The surface is undulating ; soil, fertile. Its name was changed from Sharon in 1820. It is a nourishing agricultural t. It has 1 acad. 76 students, 8 sch. 217 scholars. Pop. 907. WivDiiAM Centre, p-v., Windham t, Greene CO., N. Y., 49 s. w. Albany, 360 W. It contains 1 church, 3 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 2 tan- neries, and about 40 dwellings. The v. at the centre contains a Congregational church, a flourishing academy, and a small agricultural set- tlement. The t. is inhabited by substantial farm- ers. Windham 3Iill, p-c, Montgomery co., N. C, 131 w. s. w. Raleigh, 395 W. WiNiJSOR, county, Vt. Situated toward the s. E. part of the state, and contains 900 sq. ms. Watered by Queechee and Black rivers, and branches of West and Williams' rivers. Bound- ed on the E. by Coimecticut r., into which all of its streams flow. The surface is uneven ; soil, generally fertile. Steatite or soapstone is found in Plymouth, Broadwater and Bethel, and ex- tensively wrought. Limestone is found. Ca))i- tal, Wood.stock. There were in 1840, neat cut- tie 51,863, slieep 231,826, swine 22,834; wheal 56,05 .t bush, produced, rye 46,126, Ind. corn 16-i,8:)7, buckwheat 49,380, barley 5,161, oat.^^ 301,026, potatoes 1,072,753, silk cocoons 1,146 pounds, hops 2, 100, sugar 462,444 ; 100 stores, cap. $472,400 ; 4 furnaces, 57 fulling m., 27 woollen fac, 1 cotton lac. 650 sp., 45 tanneries, 1 rope fac, 46 grist m., 154 saw m., 1 oil m., 2 paper fac, 4 printing oflices, 2 bimleries, 2 peri- odicals, 5 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manu- fac. $S82,620. 1 college, 70 students, 7 acad. 558 students, 357 sch. 13,054 scliolars. Pop. 40,356. WiNnsoR, p-t., Kennebec co., Me., 10 e. Au- gusta, 605 VV. Drained by Sheepscot r., and by several ponds which How into it. The surface is diversified ; soil, generally fertile, adapted to grain. Chartered in 1809, by the name of .Malta. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,000 ; 1 fulling m., 1 tan- nery, 1 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manulac. $9,350. 15 sch. 758 scholars. Pop. 1,789. Windsor, t., Hillsboro' co., M. 11. Fortnerly called Campbell's Gore. Incorporated in 1798. Drained by branches of Contoocook r., one of which issues from a considerable pond near the centre of the t. The soil is fertile, adapted to j grazing, and some of it to grain. It has 1 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,000. 4 scFi. 163 scholars. Pop. 177. I Windsor, p-t., capital of Windsor co., Vt., 65 I Montpelier, 471 W. The surface is uneven ; I soil, fertile. Connecticut r. bounds it on the e. I Drained by Mill r., which aflbrds water power. I The v. is situated on the w. side of C^onnecticut j r. Between the v. and the r. is a beautiful mea- dow, one fourth of a m. wide. It has Mill r. on the s., and Pulk-hole brook on tlie n. and n. w., both of which enter Connecticut r. These streams form a narrow isthmus on the w. side of the v. The surface is uneven, and the main street is serpentine in its course. It contains 3 churches, a court house for U. States courts, a seminary for young gentlemen and ladies, a bank, a state's prison, 9 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., a printing office, issuing a weekly newspaper, and many elegant houses, beautifully ornamented vviili trees and shrubbery. Mill r. has a fall of 60 feet in one third of a in., and affords good wa- ter power. Brownsville v., in the w. part of the t., contains a Methodist church and 2 stores ; and Sheddsville, in the same part, has a church com- mon to the Freewill Baptists and Universalists. The t. contains 2,428 sheep. On the s. border of the t. is Ascutney mountain, 3,320 feet above tidewater. There are in the t. 9 stores, cap. $40,500 ; 3 fulling m., 2 woollen fac. 1 furnace, 3 tanneries, 1 printing office, 2 periodicals, 2 weekly newspapers, 5 grist m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $35,490. 18 sch. Pop. 2,744. WiND.soR, p-t., Berkshire co., Mass., 123 w. Boston, 3S8 W. The surface is elevated and broken ; soil, well a Hartford, 320 W. Drained by JIad r., a branch of Naugatuck r. The surface is liilly, momitaii>' woo 738 WOO cus, and rough; soil, gravelly loam. A hill in the N. E. part presents an extensive prospect, reaching to T^ong Island sound. It contains a Congregational and an Episcopal church. It has 2 siores, cap. $1,100; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 9 sawm. Cap. in manufac. $11,390. 6 sch. 127 scholars. Pop. 633. WoLCOTT, p-t., Wayne co., N. V., 180 w. by N. Albany, 360 W. The surlace is level ; soil, sandy and gravelly loam. Drained by small streams flowing into Lake Ontario, which bounds it on the n. The v. is situated on Ridge road, and contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Me- thodist, and 1 Universalist — 8 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw in., 100 dwellings, and about 600 inhabitants. There are in the t. 8 stores, cap. $16,000 ; 1 full- ing m., 1 furnace, 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $6,300. 2 aead. 97 stu- dents, 13 sch. 750 scholars. Pop. 2,481. WoLCOTTSviLLE, p-v., Torrington t., Litch- field CO., Ct., 26 w. Hartford, 333 VV. Situated at the junction of 2 branches of Naugatuck orWa- terbury r. It contains a Congregational church, on academy, in which religious worship is held, 4 stores, 1 woollen fac, and about 40 dwellings. WOLFSBOROUGH, p-t., CaiToU CO., N. II., 39 N. N. w. Concord, 520 W. The surface is level ; soil, rocky, but fertile. Drained by Smith's river flowing into Winnipiseogee lake, which bounds it on the s. w. Smith's pond lies in its s. part. It has 7 stores, cap. $18,800; 2 full- ing m., 1 woollen fac, 5 tanneries, 3 grist m., 16 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $31,975. 1 acad. 95 students, 15 sch. 736 scholars. Pop. 1,918. Wolf Creek, t., Mercer co., Pa., 10 s. e. Mercer b. The surface is level ; soil, clay and loam. Drained by Wolf or. It has 3 stores, cap. $5,300 ; 2 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 4 grist m., 4 saw m., 11 sch. 442 scholars. Pop. 1,732. Wolf Creek, p-o., Pickens dist., S. C, 159 w. N. w. Columbia, 524 W. Wolf Creek, p-c, Morgan co., O., 66 E. Co- lumbus, 337 W. Wolf Creek, p-o., Lenawee co., Mich., 67 s. w. Detroit, 513 W. Wolf Grove, p-o., McDonough co., ill., 93 n. w. Springfield, 848 W. Wolf Island, t., Scott co.. Mo. Pop. 534. Wolf Lake, p-o., Noble co., la., 160 n. In- dianapolis, 673 W. Wolf River, p-o., Fayette co., Tenn., 186 w. s. w. Nashville, 871 W. Wolf Run, p-o., Lycoming co.. Pa. Wolfsville, p-o., Frederick co., Md., 93 n. vv. Annapolis, 61 W. Wolfsville, p-v., Mecklenburg co., N. C, 178 w. s. w. Raleigh, 417 W. Wolverton, p-v., McMinn co., Tenn., 185 e. s. E. Nashville, 562 W. Womack's, p-o., Wilcox co., Ala., 116 s. s. E. Tuscaloosa, 891 W. WoMELSDORF, p-b., Berks co.. Pa., 14 w. Reading, 3S e. Ilarrisburg, 151 W. It contains a church, common to Presbyterians and Luther- ans ; 5 stores, cap. $28,500 ; 1 tannery, 1 distil- lery, 1 flouring m., 4 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,443. Pop. 849. It is inhabited cliierty by Germans, and the coimtry around is fertile and well cultivated. WoNASQUATOcKET, r.. Providence co., 11. 1., is a valuable mill stream, which flows into Pro- vidence cove, and affords water power for many manufacturing establishments. Wood, cr., Oneida co., N. Y., rises in Rome, and flows into the e. end of Oneida lake. It is a deep and sluggish stream, formerly used, by a short portage, to comiect the Mohawk river with Lake Ontario. It is now used as a part of Oneida Lake canal, and, in connection with Oneida lake and river, connects the Erie canal, in Oneida co^ with the Oswego canal. Wood, cr., Washington co., N. Y., flows N. into the s. end of Lake Champlain, and aflfords water power. Through a considerable portion of its length it is used as a part of the Champlain canal. Wood, county, Va. Situated in the N. w. part of the state, and contains 1,223 square miles. Ohio r. bounds it on the n. w. Drained by Lit- tle Kanawha river and its numerous branches. The surface is very much broken ; soil, fertile. Capital, Parkersburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 7,601, sheep 13, '^83, swine 12,462; wheat 71,339 bushels produced, Ind. corn 203,637, buck- wheat 1,178, oats 85,199, potatoes 21,491, tobacco 87,091 pounds, sugar 5,844; 25 stores, cap. $99,290 ; 4 tanneries, 4 flouring m., 10 grist ra., 21 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $17,230. 4 acad. 319 students, 13 sch. 307 scholars. Pop. whites, 7,243, slaves 624, free colored 56 ; tol;il, 7,923. \VooD, coimty, O. Situated toward the n. w. part of the state, and contains 590 square miles. Bomided on the n. w. by Maumee r., up which vessels requiring 6 feet of water pass to Perrys- burg, 12 miles from its entrance into 3Iaumee bay, and 18 miles from Lake Erie. Drained by Portage r. and its branches. The surface is nearly level, having a gentle descent toward the lake ; soil, alluvial and very fertile. It contains a large portion of the " Black Swamp," now im- healthy, but capable of being drained and made very productive. Capital, Perrysburg. There were in 1840, neat cattle 6,497, sheep 2,790, swine 10,624 ; wheat 29,004 bushels produced, rye 1,522, Indian corn 112,508, buckwheat 4,150, oats 39,469, potatoes 54,250, tobacco 2,049 lbs., sugar 42,175; 12 siores, cap. $25,920 ; 1 tannery, 4 flouring m., 1 grist m., 10 saw m. Cap. iu manufac. $34,478. 27 sch. 717 scholars. Pop. 5,357. WooDWARDviLLE, p-v., Marengo co, Ala., 104 s. by w. Tuscaloosa, 916 W. WoonniNE, p-o., Carroll co., Md., 60 n. n. w. Annapolis, 65 W. WooDDouR.ME, p-v., Fallsburg t., Sullivan co., N. Y., 103 s. w. Albany, 308 W. It contains 1 Dutch Reformed church, 1 store, 1 tannery, and about 10 dwellings. WooDBOuRNE. p-v., Knox CO., Tenn., 202 e. Nashville, 480 W. WooDBRiDGE, t.. New Haven co., Ct., 6 n. w. New Haven. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravel- ly loam, adapted to grazing. On the E. side is a range of mountains, which may be regarded as the commencement of the Green Mount^iin range, terminating at West Rock, a bold precipice, near N. Haven. Drained by West r. Twoof the regi- cide judges of Charles I., Goffe and Whalley, resided here in concealment, in the year 1661, at a place which they named Hatchet Harbor, so called to the present time. It has 2 stores, cap. $2,200 ; 2 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $9,200. 5 sch. 266 scholars. Pop. 958. WooDBRiDGE, p-t., Middlesex co., N. J., 43 N. E. Trenton, 209 W. The surface is level ; soil, red shale, and well cultivated. Drained by Railway r. ("bartered about 16H0. It contains a part of Railway v. The v. of Wooilbuiy, 3 ms. s. Railway, contains 1 church, 3 stores, and about 30 dwellings. The t. contained 120 fami- lies in 1682. It has 22 siores, cap. $49,900 ; 2 lumber yanls, cap. $9,000 ; 1 cotton m., 1 acad 43 students, 16 sch. 491 scholars. Pop. 4,821. woo 739 WOO WooDBRiDGE, t., Hillsdale co., Mich. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manul'ac. $4,000. 1 sch. 21 scholars. Pop. 226. WooDBURN, p-v., Macoupin co., 111., 12 n. by E. Alton, 63 s. by w. Sprinsfield, 803 W. Woodbury, p-t., Litchfield co., Ct., 50 w. Hart- ford, 398 W. The surface is mostly uneven ; soil, warm and fertile. Drained by Pomperaug r. and its branches. It contains 4 churches — 2 Congregational, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist. The V. is pleasantly situated in a valley, chiefly on one extended street, near the junction of Non- newog, Wecopema, and Sprane branches, whicii form Pomperaug r., and alFord water power. It contains 3 churches, several stores, and about 80 dwellings, some of them neat and tasteful. There are in the t. 8 stores, cap. §!76,000 ; 3 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 3 tanneries, 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $23,650. 12 sch. 327 scholars. Pop. 1,948. Woodbury, v., Oyster Bay t.. Queens co., N. Y. It is a scattered settlement on the Jerico turnpike, surrounded by a well cultivated country. Woodbury, p-v., capital of Gloucester co., N. J., 37 s. s. w. Trenton, 148 W. Situated at the head of navigation, on Woodbury cr., a branch of Delaware r. It contains a spacious court house, and fire-proof county offices, all of brick, a jail of stone, 3 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Methodist, and 1 Friends — an academy, 2 public libraries, 10 stores, over 100 dwellings, and about 800 inhabitants. The corporate limits are 1 m. long and half a m. wide, within which a fire en- gine is maintained, and 8 public wells have been sunk for its use. Woodbury, t., Huntingdon co., Pa. It has 3 stores, cap. $9,000; 1 fulling m., 3 furnaces, 2 forges, 2 tanneries, 3 distilleries, 1 pottery, 1 flour- ing m., 5 grist m., 13 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $27,560. 5 sch. 146 scholars. Pop. 2,102. Woodbury, p-t., Bedford co.. Pa., 113 w. Har- risburg, 139 W. The surface consists of moun- tains and valleys ; soil, calcareous loam, slate, and gravel. Drained by Yellow cr. and its branches, and the Frankstown branch of Juniata r. Iron ore is found. It has 11 stores, capital $36,000 ; 4 furnaces, 1 tannery, 4 potteries, 8 flouring m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $41,840. 1 acad. 33 students, 8 sch. 247 scholars. Pop. 3,944. Woodbury, p-v., Wood co., O., 105 n. n. w. Columbus, 461 W. Woodbury, p-v., Madison co., la., 22 n. e. In- dianapolis, 567 W. Woodbury, p-v., Coles co.. 111., 104 E. s. e. Springfield, 696 W. Situated on the national road, and contains 8 or 10 dwellings. Woodbury, p-v., capital of Cannon co., Tenn., 54 Nashville, 645 W. Situated on a branch of Stone's cr., which flows into Cumberland r. It contains a court house, jail, and about 150 in- habitants. Woodbury, p-o., Pulaski co., Mo., 125 s. Jef- ferson City, 1,040. Woodcock, p-t., Crawford co., Pa., 213 n. w. Harrisburg, 315 W. Drained by Woodcock cr. It has 2 stores, cap. $9,000 ; 2 fulling m., 3 tan- neries, 2 distilleries, 1 brewery, 1 paper fac, 1 flouring m., 3 grist m., 10 saw ni., 1 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $35,990. Pop. 1,921. Woodcock V.vlley, p-o., Hopewell t., Hun- tingdon CO., Pa., 98 w. Harrisburg, 157 W. The valley is between AUegripus mt. e. and Tussey's mt. w. Woodford, county, Ky. Situated n. e. of the centre of the state, and contains 154 sq. ras. Bounded w. by Kentucky r., by branches of, which it is drained. The soil is very fertile. Capital, Versailles. There were in 1840, neat cattle 9,633, sheep 16,222, swine 21,852 ; wheat 93,591 bush, produced, rye 35,681, Indian corn 643,735, oats 109,.502, potatoes 15,845, tobacco 13,860 pounds, sugar 1,410 ; 3 commission houses, cap. $2,700; 27 stores, cap. $106,700; 1 cotton fac. 250 sp,, 3 tanneries, 12 distilleries, 20 flour- ing m., 29 grist m., 19 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $179,187. 4 acad. 104 students, 4 sch. 94 scho- lars. Pop. wliites 5,816, slaves 5,752, free col'd 172; total, 11,740. Woodford, county. 111. Situated n. of the centre of the state, and contains 470 .sq. ms. Drained by Mackinaw r., a branch of Illinois r. Capital, Woodford. Woodford, p-t., Bennington co., Vt., 121 s. Montpelier, 411 W. Situated on the Green mountain range, with an elevated and broken surface ; much of the soil is incapable of cultiva- tion. Watered by head branches of Wailoom- sack and Deerfield rivers, issuing from ponds in the t., one of which contains 100 acres. The turnpike across the Green mountain, from Ben- nington to Brattleboro, passes through the s. part of the t. It has 1 congregation of Congregation- alists and 1 of Methodists. It has 4 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $1,000. 2 sch. 46 scholars. Pop. 487. Woodford, p-v., Woodford co., 111., 81 Spring- field, 774 W. Situated on the n. side of Macki- naw r., and contains a court house, jail, and a few dwellings. Wood Grove, p-o., Rowan co., N. C, 128 w. Raleigh, 365 W. Wood Grove, p-o., Morgan co., O., 84 e. Co- lumbus, 319 W. Wood House, p-o., Meriwether co., Ga., 94 w. Milledgeville, 714 W. WoouHULL, p-t., Steuben co., N. Y., 239 w. by s. Albany, 295 W. The surface is uneven ; soil, clay and sandy loam, not very fertile. Drained by Tuscarora cr. It has 19 stores, cap $47,150; 1 grist ra. Cap. in manufac. $1,650. 9 sch. 305 scholars. Pop. 827. Woodhull, t., Shiawassee co., Mich. It has 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,100. 1 sch. 17 scholars. Pop. 147. Woodland, p-v., Hamilton co., Flor. Woodland, p-v.. East Feliciana par., La., 122 N. w. New Orleans, 1,140 W. Woodlands, p-o., Marshall co., Va., 340 n. w. Richmond, 278 W. WooDLAWN, p-o., Accomack co., Va., 198 e. Richmond, 192 W. WooDLAWN, p-v., Lincoln co., N. C, 173 w. by s. Raleigh, 412 W. WooDLAWN, p-v., Edgefield dist., S. C, 98 w. Columbia, 580 W. WooDLAWN, p-o., Dallas co., Ala., 84 s. Tus- caloosa, 831 W. Woodruff's, p-o., Spartanburg dist., S. C, 96 N. w. Columbia, 491 W. WooDSBOROUGH, p-v., Frederick co., 3Id., 85 N. w. Annapolis, 54 W. It contains about 100 inhabitants. WooDSBORo', p-o., Shelby co., Ala., 64 e. Tus- caloosa, 783 W Woods Dale, p-o.. Person co., N. C, 62 n. Raleigh, 242 W. Wood's Ferry, p-o., Greene co., Tenn., 247 e. Nashville, 450 W. Woodsfield, p-v.. Centre t., capital of Mon- roe CO., O., 117 e. Columbus, 283 W. Situated on elevated ground, 18 ms. from Ohio r. It con- tains an elegant court house, jail, 1 church, 3 stores, a printing office, 50 dwellings, and abou* woo 740 WOO 300 inhabitants. A circular hill in its n. part 60 feet high, affords an extensive prospect. Wood's Hill, p-o., Roane co., Tenn., 1G2 e. by s. Nashville, 519 W. Wood's Hole, p-v., Falmouth t., Barnstable CO., Mass., 7'J s. Boston, 461 W. Situated in tlie extreme s. w. part of the t. It has a good harbor, and ships of the largest class come to iis wharves. It is protected by inlands on the s. and w. It contains an Episcopal church. WooDso.NviLLE, p-v.. Hart CO., Ky. Situated on the s. side of Green r., opposite to Mumlbrds- ville, the capital of tlie co. Wood's .Station, p-o.. Walker co., Ga., 214 N. w. 3Ii!ledirc>ville, 623 W. Woodstock, p-t., Oxford co., Me., 49 \v. Au- gusta, 603 W. The surface is partly mountain- ous, and partly undulating, with considerable fertile soil, adapted to grain. Drained by a branch of Little Androscoggin r., issuing from a pond a little e. of the centre, which affords wa- ter power. Ini^orporated in 1829. It has 3 stores, cap. S900; 10 sch. 346 scholars. Pop. 819. Woodstock, p-t., (irafton co., N. H., 57 n. Concord, 532 W. The surface is mountainous, containing Blue mt., Cushman's mt., and Black mt., the latter on its n. boundary. Drained by a tributary of Pemigevvasset r. First settled about 1773. It was formerly called Peeling. It has 2 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,230. 6 sch."l70 scholars. Pop. 472. Woodstock, p-t., capital of Windsor co., Vt., 51 s. Montpelier, 435 W. The surface is pleas- antly diversified ; soil, fertile. Drained by Otta Queechce r. and its branches, and by Beaver brook, all of vvhicii afford water power. It con- tains 2 villages. Tiie n. or main v. is one of the largest in the co., built around a beautiful public green. It contains a court house, jail, 5 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Episcopal, 1 Methodist, 1 Christian, and 1 Universalist — the Vermont med- ical college, 20 stores, 2 printing offices, 325 dwellings, and 1,400 inhabitants. The s. village is 5 ms. s. of the court house, and contahis 1 church, 2 stores, and a nimiber of mechanic shops. There are in the t. 12 stores, cap. $58,500 ; 1 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 3 lannerie.s, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers, 3 grist in., 5 saw ra. Cap. in manufac. !iil27,.505. 1 acad. 25 students, 16 .sch. 1,012 scholars. Pop. 3,315. Woodstock, p-t., Windham co., Ct., 43 e. .\. K. Hartford, 379 W. The surface is iiilly, but generally arable ; soil, a fertile gravelly loam. Drained by Muddy brook and its branches, a branch of Quinnebaug r., and by a branch of ]\atchaug r. The first affurd.s good water power. It contains 6 churches — 3 Congregational, 2 Bap- tist, and 1 Methodist. It contains Old Wood- silock, and 2 other villages. Old W(M)dslock con- tains a Congregational church, an academy, and a number of dwellings on a fine public green. The ground is elevated and the prospect exten- sive. West WoiKhtnck contains a Congregation- al church. Nor/h Woodstock, or Muddy Brook, in the n. w. jiart, on a stream of that name, is the most compact part of the t., and contains 2 Congregational churches, and 1 Methodist in the vicinity, and presentis a handsome appearance. There are in the t. 16 stores, cap. $33,000; 2 fulling m., 3 woollen fac, 3 cotton fac. 3,292 sp., 3 acad. 95 students, 20 sch. 909 scholars. Pop. 3,053. Woodstock, p-t., Ulster co., N. Y., 69 s. Al- bany, 328 W. The surface is mountainous, lying on Catskill mountains ; soil, gravel, clay, and loam. Drained by Saghkill and other creeks, liibuiaries of Esopus or. The v. contains 2 churches,' 2 stores, 1 tannery, and 20 dwellings. Bristol Glass Works is a manufacturing v. "There are in the t. 2 stores, cap. $20,000 ; 1 tannery, 1 glass house, 1 glass cutting establishment, 2 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $35,293. 7 sch. 372 scholars. Pop. 1,691. Woodstock, p-v., Anne Arundel co., Md., 30 N. w. Annapolis, 55 W. Vv'oodstock, p-v., capital of Shenandoah co., Va., 150 N. N. w. Richmond, 104 W. Situated on the w. side of the n. fork of Shenandoah r., about 1 IT), from its bank. It contains a court house, jail, county offices, a masonic hall, an academy, 3 churches — 1 Lutheran, 1 German Reformed, 1 Methodist — a number of stores, 125 dwellings, and about 1,000 inhabitants. Woodstock, p-v., Cherokee co., Ga., 125 n. N. w. Milledgeville, 683 W. Situated on the s. side of Little r., a branch of Etowah r. Woodstock, p-v.. Rush t.. Champaign co., O., 13 N. E. Urbanna, 37 n. w. Columbus, 430 W. It contains 1 store, and 8 or 10 dwellings. Woodstock, p-t., Lenawee co., Mich., 73 w. s. w. Detroit, 533 W. Drained by head branch- es of Raisin r. It has a number of ponds, and a considerable lake on its s. border. It has 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $5,750. 3 sch. 80 schol- ars. Pop. 674. WooDSTOwN, p-v., Pilesgrove t., Salem co., N, J., 53 s. Trenton, 164 W. Situated on the n. fork of Salem cr., and contains 3 churches-^1 Baptist, 1 Friends, and 1 African Methodist — 6 stores, 150 dwellings, and about 700 inhabitants. In the neighborhood are valuable marl beds. WooDSviLLE, p-v., Middlesex co., Mass. WooD.sviLLE, p-v., Hopewell t., Mercer co., N. J., 10 s.Flemington, 13 n. Trenton, 179 W. It has an elevated situation, commanding a fine prospect, and contains 1 store, and 8 or 10 dwell- ings. The surrounding country is well cultivated. WooDviLLE, p-v., Litchfield co., Ct., 39 w. Hartford, 320 W. WooDviLLE, p-v., Ellisburg t., Jefferson co., N. Y., 171 N. w. Albany, 399 W. It contains 1 Presbyterian church, 2 stores, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 25 dwellings, and about 150 inhabitants. WooDviLLE, p-v., Rappahannock co., Va., 118 N. \v. Richmond, 85 W. WooDViLLE, p-v., Perquiman's co., N. C, 205 E. N. E. Raleigh, 293 W. It contains about 75 inhabitants. WooDviLLE, p-v., Abbeville dist., S. C, 93 w. Columbia, 525 W. WooDviLLE, p-v., Greene co., Ga., 55 n. Mil- ledgeville, 604 W. WooDviLLE, p-v., Jackson co., Ala., 163 n. e. Tuscaloosa, 688 W. WooDviLLE, p-t., Sandusky co., ()., 120 n. n. w. Columbus, 438 W. Situated on the s. side of Portage r. It has 7 sch. 260 scholars. Pop. 486. WooDviLLE, p-v., Jackson co., la., 74 s. In- dianapolis, 601 W. WooDviLLE, p-v., Hancock co.. 111., 106 w. n. w. Springfield, 884 W. WooDviLLE, p-v., capital of Wilkinson co.. Miss., 135 s. w. Jackson, 1,145 W. It contains a court house, jail, market house, a bank, 2 academies, 3 churches — 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist — and about 800 inhabitants. A railroad 29 ms. long connects it with St. Fran- cisville, on the Mississippi r. WooDviLLp;, p-v., Macon co.. Mo., 96 n. by w. Jefferson City, 979 W. WooDvv.vRDsviLLE, p-o., Sclii'oon t., Essex co., N. Y., 101 N. Albany, 476 W. WooDWARDsviLLE, p-0., Marcngo CO., Ala., 104 s. by w. Tuscaloosa, 916 W WOR 741 M^OR WooDWORTHs, p-0., Granville co., N. C, 61 n. Raleigh, 236 W. Woolwich, p-t., Lincoln co., Me., 35 s. Au- gu.sta, 580 VV. Bounded w. by Kennebec r., which affords great facilities for navigation. It has 2 small .streams, and a pond near its centre, which has its outlet into Kennebec r. It has 2 stores, cap. )i(8.50; 1 fulling m., 2 tanneries, 4 saw ra. Pop. 1.416. Woolwich, t., Gloucester co., N. .!., 11 s. w. Woodbury. Bounded n. w. by Delaware r. The surface is level ; soil, sandy, with pine forest on the s. E. Drained by Pepaiips, Little Timber, Racoon, and Oidman's creeks. It contains the villages of Swedesboro' and Battentown. It has 9 stores, cap. $28,400 ; 1 lumber yard, cap. $3,000 ; 2 fulling m., 2 woollen fac, 5 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $25,500. 12 sch. 943 scholars. Pop. 3,676. WooNsocKET Falls, p-v., Smithfield t.. Pro- vidence CO., R. I., 15 N. N. w. Providence, 414 W. Situated on the falls of Blackstone r., where it descends 20 feet, within a short distance, over a precipice of rocks, affording a great water power. The v. lies partly in Cumberland t., which is on the opposite side of the r., where is a Baptist church. There is an Episcopal church on the s. side of the r. The v. contains 16 cot- ton and 2 satinet fac. with 1,263 looms, 50,826 sp., employing 1,162 hands, producing 9,739,717 yds. of cloth annually; of which 5,645,000 were cotton prints, 3,117,000 cotton sheeting, 156,000 satinet, 364,000 jean, 62,400 negro cloth, 581,000 flannel. It contains a bank, and about 2,500 in- habitants. The Blackstone canal passes through the v. W00.STER, p-t., capital of Wayne co., O., 51 s. by \v. Cleveland, 93 n. e. by n. Columbus, 344 W. The V. is situated in the forks of Killbuck and Apple creeks, a little above their junction, and contains a court house, jail, county offices, a bank, a U. States land office, 5 churches — 1 Presbyterian, 1 Covenanters, 1 Baptist, 1 Dutch Reformed, and 1 Methodist— 25 stores, 3 printing offices, 1 acad. 25 students, 2 sch. 64 scholars 150 dwellings, and 1,913 inhabitants. There are in the t. 29 stores, cap. $63,200 ; 7 tanneries, 1 distillery, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly news- papers, 8 llouring m., 1 grist m., 1 1 saw m., 1 oil m. Cap. in maiiufac. $21,705. Pop. 1,207. Worcester, county, Mass. Situated in the central part of the state, and contains 1,500 sq. ms., being the largest co. in the stale. The sur- face is undulating; soil, generally strong and Eroductive Watered by Blackstone, Quinne- ang, Nashua, Ware, Miller's, and Mill rivers, which afford extensive water power. The Black- stone canal extends through its s. part from Wor- cester to Providence ; and the railroad from Boston, through Springfield to Albany, runs through it from e. to w., and at Worcester is met by the Norwich and Worcester railroad. Capital, Worcester. There were in 1840, neat cattle 67,666, sheep 26,128, swine 26,272 ; wheat 45,759 bush, produced, rye 84,914, Ind. corn 372,591, buckwheat 13,871, barley 54,254, oats 375,471, potatoes 1,146,092, tobacco 15,000 pounds ; 299 stores, cap. $1,049,045 ; 4 furnaces, 1 forge, 74 fulling m., 42 woollen fac, 71 cotton fac. 137,358 sp., 53 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 brewery, 2 powder m., 6 flouring m., 144 grist ra., 320 saw m.. 15 paper fac, 10 printing oliices, 1 periodical, 6 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manu- fac. $4,061,344. 23 acad. 1,242 students, 54^ sch. 24,496 scholars. Pop. 95,313. Worcester, county, Md. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 700 sq. ras. The surface is level ; soil, sandy. Bounded s. E. by the Atlantic, and on the w. by Chesapeake bay. Drained by Pocomoke r. and its branches. Several islands extend along its coast, and en- close Sinepuxent bay. Capital, Snow Hill. There were in 1840, neat cattle 14,765, sheep 14,924, swine 19,900 ; wheal 20,679 bush, pro- duced, Ind. com 487,442, oats 161,752, potatoes 35,441 ; 45 stores, cap. $257,600 ; 5 tanneries, 24 grist m., 15 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $51,650. 4 acad. 212 students, 24 sch. 600 scholars. Pop. whites 11.765, slaves, 3,539, free col'd 3,173; total, 18,377. Worcester, p-t., Washington co., Vt., 31 e. Burlington, 8 n. Montpeher, 524 W. The sur- face is uneven, and in the w. mountainous ; soil, adapted to grazing, and fertile along the streams. Watered by the n. branch of Onion orWinooski r., which affords water power. It contains a Congregational church, and Freewill Baptists and Methodists. Chartered in 1763, first settled in 1797. It has 1 grist rn., 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,600. 7 sch. 175 scholars. Pop. .587. Worcester, p-t., capital of Worcester co., Mass., 39 N. N. w. Providence, 42 w. by s. Bos- ton, 524 W. Pop. 183l), 4, 172 ; 1840, 7,iy7. The surface of the towit is agreeably diversified, and the soil is generally fertile and well cultivated. Tiie village is one of the largest and finest of the inland towns of New England. The houses, many of which are elegant, and of brick, are chiefly on 1 broad street, a mile in length. It con- tains a fine court house, which cost $20,000, 4 banks, 7 churches — 3 Congregational, 1 Unita- rian, 1 Baptist, 1 Methodist, and 1 Roman Ca- tholic — and the hall of the American Anti- quarian Society, containing its library of 6,000 volumes of rare and valuable books, and its re- spectable cabinet, and the Massachusetts Lunatic Asylum, with its spacious and commodious edi- fice. Worcester enjoys great facilities for com- munication and for trade. The Blackstone canal connects it with Providence, and cost $500,000. The railroad from Boston to Springfield and Al- bany passes through the place ; and a railroad to Norwich, Connecticut, is connected with steam- boats, forming a daily communication with New York city, which renders Worcester one of the greatest thoroughfares in the country, and cari- not but add to its growth and prosperity. It is surrounded by a fertile and well cultivated coun- try. It had in 1840, 90 stores, capital^$4 13,000; machinery produced to the value of $90,000 ; 1 furnace, 1 woollen tac. capital $40,000 ; 1 cotton fac. 1,672 sp., 2 grist m., 2 saw m., 2 paper lac, 4 printing oflices, 4 weekly newspapers. 1 periodi- cal. Capital in manufac. $400,000. 3 acad. 120 students, 30 sch. 1,483 scholars. Worcester, p-t., Otsego co., N. Y., 57 s. w Albany, 371 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, sandy loam. Drained by Charlotte r. and its tributa- ries. The v. contains 2 churches, 3 stores, 2 grist m., 1 tannery, 30 dwellings, and about 200 in- habitants. There are in the t. 6 stores, capital $16,700; 2 fulling m,, 1 tannery, 4 grist m.. 16 saw m. Cap. in manufac $25,290. 10 sch. o90 scholars. Pop. 2,3J0. Worcester, p-t., Montgomery co.. Pa., 89 e. Ilarrisburg, 162 W. It has 2 stores, cap. $6,oOO ; 1 tannery. Cap. in manufac $1,300. Pop. 1,200. Worcester, p-v., McDonough co.. 111., 98 n. w. Springfield, 871 W. WoRMLEV, p-o., Eaton t., Steuben co., N. x., 223 w. by s. Albany, 297 W. Worth I. \G ton, p-t., Hampshire co., iuass., 17 w. N. w. Northampton, 112 w. Boston, 395 W. The surface is elevated and uneven, bein;; on tho WUR 742 WYS Green monnlain range ; soil, strong and produc- tive. Drained by Westfield r. and its brandies. It has a Congregational church near the centre, and a Methodist in the s. K. part. Incorporated in 1763. It has 7 .stores, cap. $9,900; 1 fulling m., 'Z tanneries, 3 grist m., 7 saw m. Capital in manui'ac. $19,950. 1 acad. 155 students, 11 sch. 429 scholars. Pop. 1,197. WoRTHi.NGTON, p-v., Armstrong co.. Pa., 189 \v. ilarri!?burg, 243 W. WoiiTiiiNGTON, p-v., Sharon t., Franklin co., O., 9 N. Columbus, 402 W. Situated on the e. bank of Olentangy or Whetstone r., a branch of Scioto r. The V. plat contains 210 acres. It has 10 streets running n. and s. parallel to each other, and to the r., crossed by 7 streets at righl angles with them. It contains 3 churches — 1 Presbyte- rian, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Methodist — a Universal- ist congregation, an academy, and a college, the medical department of which only is in opera- tion, with 4 professors. Il is conducted on "the reformed system." It has 5 stores, 1 college 25 students, 1 acad. 50 students, 2 sch. 40 scholars. Pop. 440. WoRTHiNGTON, t., Richland co., O. It has 577 scholars in schools. Pop. 1,842. WoRTHiNGTON, p-v., Muhlenburg co., Ky., 172 s. w. by w. Frankfort, 714 W. Wrentjiam, p-t., Norfolk co., Mass., 32 s. s. w. Boston, 418 W. The surface is diversified ; soil, moderately good. Drained by branches of Charles, 1'aunton, and i\epon&et rs., which afford water power. Two ponds, near the centre, have their outlet N. into Charles river. The v. in the n. w. part contains 2 Congregational churches. In South Wrentham is a t'ongregational church, an acade- my, a bank, and about 45 dwellings. Incorpora- ted in 1763. There are in the t. 6 stores, capital $10,500 ; 4 cotton lac. 3,500 sp., 3 grist m., 10 saw ra. Cap. in nianufac. $46,825. 1 acad. 150 stu- dents, 18 sch. 767 scholars. Pop. 2,915. Wright, county. Mo. Situated toward the s. w. part of the state, and contains 1,730 sq. ms. Drained by head branches of Gasconade river, a tributary of Missouri r. Capital, Hartville. Wrightsborough, p-v., Columbia co., Ga., 95 E. N. E. Milledgeville, 613 W. Situated on a branch of Little r., which Hows into Savannah r., and contains a church, an academy, and 30 dwell- ings. WRiGHTSBORouGtt, p-o., St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 233 N. vv. Albany, 500 W. Wright's Corners, p-o., Newfane t., Niagara CO., N. Y., 279 w. Albany, 406 W. Wright's Cross Koads, p-o., Fentress co., Tcnn. WRtGiiTSTOWN, p-t., Bucks CO., Pa., 7 s. e. Doyleslown, 24 n. Philadelphia. 'J'lie surface is level ; soil, clay. Bounded .s. by iNeshaminy cr., by tributaries of which it is drained. Near the s. E. boundary is a v., which contains a church, with 5 or 6 dwellings. It contains also Penn's v. It has 3 stores, cap. $13,0(W ; 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Capital in manufac. $3,350. 4 sch. 118 scholars. Pop. 708. 'VVrightstown, p-v., Hanover t., Burlington CO., N. J., 23 s. Trenton, 171 W. It contains about 50 inhabitants. Wrigiitkville, p-b., York co.. Pa., 11 n. w. York, 31 Harrisburg, 101 W. Situated on the w. side of Susquehanna river, opposite Columbia b., with which it is connected by a bridge 5,690 feet long. It contains about 80 dwellings. Pop. 672. Wrightsville, p-v., Koane co., Tenn., 154 e. by s. Nashville, 539 W. WuRTSBORouGif, p-v., Mamakatingt., Sullivan CO., N. Y., 97 s. w. Albany, 287 W. Situated on the Delaware and Hudson canal. It contains 1 Dutch Reformed and 1 Methodist church, 6 stores, 3 storehouses, 1 tannery, 1 plaster m., 1 boat-yard, 30 dwellings, and about 200 inhabitants. 1 mile N. is a valuable lead mine, supposed to be inex- haustible. Wyalusing, creek. Pa., rises in Susquehanna CO., and flows into Susquehanna r., in Bradford county. W' YALUsiNG, p-t., Bradford co.. Pa., 149 n. Har- risburg, 259 W. The surface is hilly ; soil, grav- elly loam. Drained by Wyalusing creek and its tributaries, flowing into Susquehanna r. It has 7 stores, capital $"23,200 ; 1 fuUing m., 1 woollen fac, 4 grist m., 12 saw m. Cap. in manufactures $19,550. 6 sch. 318 scholars. Pop. 1,400. Wyandot, county, Mich. Situated in the N. part of ihe peninsula, and contains 476 sq. miles. It has 3 considerable lakes, which receive Che- boygan and Skooawargurmish rs., and other con- siderable streams, and discharge their waters into the straits of Mackinaw, opposite to Bois Blanc island. Wyandot, p-o., Marion co., O., 61 n. Colum- bus, 416 W. Wyatt, p-v., Lafayette co.. Miss., 174 n. n. e. Jackson, 912 W^. Situated on the n. side of Tal- lahatchee r., and contains about 200 inhabitants. Wye Mills, p-o., Talbot co., Md., 31 e. by s Annapolis, 71 W. Situated on Wye r. Wykertown, p-v., Sussex co., N. J., 80 n. Trenton, 219 W. Wye, river, Md., separates Talbot and Queen Anne counties, and flows into the E. side of Ches- apeake bay. Wylliesburg, p-o., Charlotte co., Va., 106 s. w. Richmond, 204 W. Wynant's Kill, p-v., Greenbush t, Rensse- laer CO., N. Y., 10 E. Albany, 380 W. It con- tains 1 Dutch Reformed church, 2 stores, 1 tan- nery, and about 15 dwellings. Wynant's Kill, or creek, N. Y., rises in Sand Lake t., ibrmhig the outlet of several small lakes, and affords good water power. Wyoming, county, N. Y. Situated toward the w. part of the state, and contains 500 square ms. Taken from Genesee co. in 1841. The surface is undulating ; soil, moist, sandy, or gravelly loam, and very fertile. Drained by Allen's and Tonawanda crs., and crossed in its s. w. part by Cattaraugus cr., and in its s. E. angle by Genesee river. Capital, Warsaw. Wyojiing, county, Pa. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 480 sq. ms. Taken from Luzerne co. in 1841. Drained by Susque- hanna river and its branches. Capital, Tunk- hannock. Wyoming, p-v., Middlebury t., W^yoming co., N. Y., 248 w. Albany, 366 VV. Situated on Al- len's cr., iind contains 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, and 1 Methodist church, an academy, 4 slctcs, 90 dwellings, and about 600 inhabitants. Wyoming, p-v., Luzerne co.. Pa., 13] n. E. Harrisburg, 236 W. Situated on the w. side of the Susquehanna r., and contains about ^00 in- habitants. Wyoming, p-o., Jackson co., Mich., 85 w. De- troit, 555 W. Wyoming, p-v., Dinwiddle co., Va., 59 s. Rich- mond, 178 W. Wyoming, p-v., Starke co.. 111., 101 n. Spring- field, 815 W. Situated on the e. side of Spoon r., and contains about 75 inhabitants. Wyoming, p-v., Wayne co., Iowa. Wyso.x. p-t., Bradford co.. Pa., 136 n. Harris- burg, 246 VV. The surface is hilly ; soil, gravel- ly loam. Drained by Rumfield and Wytox crs. YAN 743 YAT It has 7 stores, cap. $27,501) ; 1 fulling m., 1 wool- len fac, 1 tannery, 3 grist m., 11 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $21,385 Pop. 1,871. Wythe, county, Va. Situated toward the s. w. part of the state, and contains 700 square ras. Drained by New river and its branches, and by branches of Holston r. The surface is an eleva- ted table land, from 1,600 to 2,000 feet above the level of the sea. Capital, Wytheville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 13,530, sheep 10,782, swine 22,739 ; wheat 85,602 bush, produced, rye 47,020, Ind. corn 233,793, buckwheat 12,689, oats 152,446, potatoes 38,307, sugar 13,743 pounds; 15 stores, cap. $173,000; 1 fulling m., 13 ti^nneries, 38 distilleries, 2 powder m., 2 flouring m., 38 grist m., 25 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 printing oflice, 1 week- ly newspaper. Capital in manufac. $72,051. 1 acad. 40 students, 12 schools 269 scholars. Pop. whites 7,632, slaves 1,618, free col'd 125 ; total, 9,375. Wytheville, p-v., Wythe cc, Va., 248 w. Richmond, 316 W. Situated on a small branch of New r., and contains a court house, jail, and about 450 inhabitants. X. Xenia, p-t., capital of Greene co., O., 61 w. s. |4 churches in the v. and immediate -vicinity, 10 w. Columbus, 451 W. The t. is large and popu- stores, and about 1,200 inhabitants. It has many lous. Drainedby Little Miami r. and its branches, handsome dwellings, and is surrounded by a and by Cesar's cr. The v. is situated on Shaw- highly cultivated country. The t. has 18 stores, nee cr., 3 ms. from its entrance into LilJe Miami cap. $70,500 ; 1 fulling m., 1 woollen fac, 1 distil- r. It is regularly laid out, with streets crossing lery, 3 printing offices, 3 weekly newspapers, 5 each other at right angles, and contains a court flouring m., 8 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $17,380. house and county offices of brick, a jail of stone, 1 11 sch. 297 scholars. Pop. 4,913. Y. Yadkin, r., N. C, rises in the Alleghany moun- tains on the E. side, and flows e. and s. e. into S. C, and in its lower part it takes the name of Great Pedee, until it falls into Winyaw bay, near Georgetov^ai. In Montgomery co., N. C, it pass- es through the Narrows, occasioned by mountains on each side, where it is contracted from 200 yds. wide to about 30 ; and a few miles below it re- ceives Rocky r., below which it becomes the Great Pedee. By a canal around the narrows, and clearing obstructions from the r., it might be made navigable for boats of 10 tons from Wilkes- boro', in tlie mountains, to Cheraw, S. C, a dis- tance of 247 miles. Yalabusha, county. Miss. Situated centrally toward the N. part of the state, and contains 720 sq. ins. Drained by Yalabusha r. and its branch- es. Capital, Coffeeville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 14,976, sheep 4,293, swine 33,512; wheat 14,958 bush, produced, Ind. corn 543,635, oats 32,660, potatoes 27,739, tobacco 4,110 pounds, cotton 4,030,644 ; 1 commission house, capital $3,000; 23 stores, cap. $109,600; 5 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 1 flouring m., 44 grist m., 13 saw m., 1 printing office, 1 weekly newspaper. Cap. in manufac. $71,930. 2 acad. 65 students, 21 sch. 558 scholars. Pop. whites 6,440, slaves 5,601, free col'd 7 ; total, 12,248. Yancey, county, N. C. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 1,760 sq. ms. It contains the highest land in the United States, e. of the Rocky mts. Black mt. is elevated 6,476 i'eet above the ocean. It has a copperas mine. Drained by Nolachucky r. and its branches. Capital, Burnsville. There were in 1840, neat cattle 5,535, sheep 5,041, swine 18,718 ; wheat 6,320 bush, produced, rye 2,848, Ind. corn 405,390, oats 33,670, potatoes 89,731, tobacco 4,830 pounds, 2 forges, 42 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $1,500. Pop. whites 5,631, slaves 254, free col'd 27; total, 5,962. Yancey's j>Iills, p-o., Albemarle co., Va., 101 w. N. w. Richmond, 136 W. Yanceyville, p-v., capital of Caswell co., N. C, 87 N. w. Raleigh, 263 W. It contains a court house, jail, and 250 inhabitants. Yankee Springs, p-t ., Barry co., Mich., 150 w. Detroit, 615 W. Pop. 130. Y ANTIC, r., Ct., rises in Lebanon, and falls into Thames r., at Norwich city, tiirough a cove wliicli sets up i m. from the r. At its mouth it falls over a ledge of granite rocks, where circular holes 5 or 6 feet deep are worn in the rocks by stones whirled round in them by the force of the water. At the foot of the falls on the w. side is a rocky bank 60 or 80 feet high, projecting over the stream, from which the Mohegan Indians formerly plunged to destruction, when pursued by their enemies, the Narragansets. Tlie falls here afford excellent water power, where are many mil! and manufactories. Yardleyville, p-v., Makefield t., Bucks co., Pa., 18 s. e. Doylestown, 128 e. Harrisburg, 168 W. Situated on the w. bank of Delaware r., and contains 2 stores, 1 grist m., 1 saw m., and about 25 dvvellhigs. A ferry here crosses Delaware river. Yardleyville, p-o., Mercer co., N. J., 6 e. Trenton, 172 W. Yarmouth, p-t., Barnstable co., Mass., 78 s. E. Boston, 479 W. It extends across Cape Cod. The soil is sandy and sterile. Incorporated in 1639. It has 2 villages. South Yarmouth v. is situated on Bass r., and contains 3 churches — 1 Congregational, 1 Baptist, and 1 Friends — and ex- tensive salt works. It has a number of vessels employed in the cod and mackerel fisheries, and the coasting trade. There are in the 1. 13 stores, cap. $40,700 ; 1 tannery, 1 printing office, 1 week- ly newspaper, 6 grist m. Cap. in manufactures $24,700. 1 acad. 45 students, 13 sch. 627 schol- ars. Pop. 2,554. Yarmouth Port, p-v., Yarmouth t, Barnsta- ble CO., 3Iass., 77 s. E. Boston, 478 W. Shuated on a branch of Cape Cod bay, and contains 1 Congregational and 1 Methodist church, a bank, and a printing office, issuing a weekly news- paper. Yates, county, N. Y. Situated w. of the cen- tre of the state, and contains 320 sq. ms. Seneca lake bounds it on the e., and Canandaigua lake on the N. w. Crooked lake enters its s. part, and has its outlet through it into Seneca lake, alTord- inggood water power. The surface is pleasantly diversified ; soil, clay, and a warm, fertile mold, producing grain and fruits abundantly. Organ- ized in 1823. Crooked Lake canal connects that lalie witli Seneca lake, and thus with the Erie canal. Capital, Penn Yan. There were in 1840, neat cattle 16,989, sheep 86,876, swine 18,475 ; wheat 352,814 bush, produced, rye 2,102, Indian corn 101,066, buckwheat 20,891, barley 30,994, YEL 744 YOR (jats 162,483, potatoes 170,318, hops 2,00() pounds, sugar 39,381; 51 stores, cap. $162,035; 3 fur- naces, 14 fuUins; m., 3 woollen fac, 8 tanneries, 2 distilleries, 7 flouring m., 13 grist m., 62 saw m., 1 oil m.. 2 printing offices, 1 periodical, 2 weekly- newspapers. Cap. in mannfac. $313(872. 112 8ch. 6,2U7 scholars. Pop. 20,444, Yates, p-t., Orleans co., N. Y., 12 n. Albion, 266 w. by n. Albany, 409 W. The surface is level ; soil, sandy and clay loam. Drained by Johnson's cr., and other small streams flowing into Lake Ontario, which bounds it on the n. It has 5 stores, cap. $17,530 ; 1 fulling m., 1 furnace, 1 tannery, 1 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $15,950. 14 sch. 663 scholars. Pop. 2,230. Yatesville, p-o., Potter t., Yates co., N. Y., 197 w. Albany, 330 W. Yatesville, p-o., Lunenburg co., Va., 89 s. w. Richmond, 208 W. Yazoo, r., Miss., formed by the junction of Tallahatehee and Yalabusha rivers, in Carroll CO., and flows s. s. w. into the Mississippi r., 12 ms. above tiie Walnut Hills. It receives Sun Flower r., a considerable branch from the n. It is navigable for 50 ms. for large boats, in high stages of the water, and is 100 yards wide at its mouth. Yazoo, county, Miss. Situated w. of the cen- tre of the state, and contains 650 sq. ms. Hound- ed by Yazoo r. on the N. w., and by Big Black r. on tiie s. E., and drained by branches of both. Capital, Benton. There were in 1840, neat cat- tle 19,032, sheep 2,636, swine 30,179 ; wheat 834 bush, produced, rye 1,740, Indian corn 536,340, oats 81,035, potatoes 139,964, rice 7,350 pounds, tobacco 2,705, cotton 12,085,802 ; 9 commission houses, cap. $12,000; 24 stores, cap. $183,610; 2 grist m , 3 saw m , 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $14,305. 11 sch. 255 scholars. Pop. whites 3,116, slaves 7,339, free col'd 25 ; total, 10,480. Yazoo Citv, p-v., Yazoo co.. Miss., 60 n. w. Jackson, 1,029 W. Situated on the E. side of Yazoo r., and contains several stores, and about 700 inhabitants. Yell, county, Ark. Situated toward the n. w. part of the slate, and contains 930 square miles. Drained by Petite Jean, and other tributaries of Arkansas r., which last runs on its n. e. border. Capital, Danville. Yellow Branch, p-o., Campbell co., Va., 130 W.Richmond, 208 W. Yellow Creeic, p-o., Northampton t.. Sura- rait CO., O., 135 N. E. Columbus, 343 W. Situated in Niles v., on the w. side of Cuyahoga r., on the Ohio canal. Yellow Creeiv, t, Columbiana co., O. It contains Wellsville v. Pop. 805. Yellow Creek, p-o., Knox co., Ky., 146 s. E. Frankfort, 492 W. Yellow Creek, p-t, Chariton co., Mo., Ill n. w. Jefferson City, 1,005 W. Pop. 338. Yellow Creek Furnace, p-o., Montgomery CO., Tenn., 36 \v. n. w. Nashviille, 747 Wasliing- ton. Yellow Springs, p-o., Huntingdon co., Pa., 106 w. Harrisburg, 162 W. Yellow Si'rings, p-v., Miami t., Greene co., O., 52 s. w. Columbus, 445 W. Here is a sul- phur spring, much resorted to as a watering place, having a commodious hotel and numerous cottages, spread over green lawns and delightful groves. Yellow Springs, p-o., Claiborne co., Tenn., 233 E. Nashville, 472 W. Yellow Springs, p-o., Johnson co., la., 16 s. Indianapolis, 580 W. Yellow Springs, po., Hampshire co,, Va.^ 169 N. N. w. Richmond, 97 W. Yellow Spring, p-o.. Dps ?Tloinc? co., Iowa. Yellow Stone, p o., Hawkins co., Tenn., 254 e. Nashville. 428 \V. Yellow Water, r., Ala. and Flor,, rises in Covington co., Ala., and flows s. s. w. into Flor., through which it passes, and enters an arm of Pensacola bay. Yellville, p-v., capital of Marion co., Ark., 180 N. Little Rock, 1,106 W. Situated on the n. E. side of a branch of White r., and contains a court house, jail, and about 75 inhabitants. Yelvington, p-v., Daviess co., Ky,, 156 w. by s, Frankfort, 683 W, YocUMTOwN, p-v,, York co., Pa,, 21 s. Har- risburg, 113 W, Youngesville, p-v,, Fairfield dist,, S, C, 41 N. Columbia, 463 W. Situated on Little r,, and contains about 75 inhabitants, YoNKERS, p-t Westchester co,, N, Y,, 132 s. Albany, 242 W, The surface is uneven and broken; soil, day and sandy loam, generally well cultivated. Watered by Bronx and Saw Mill rivers, flowing into Hud.son r., which bounds it on the w. The v. is situated on the e. side of Hud.«ou r., at the mouth of Saw Mill r., and con- tains 1 Episcopnl and 1 IMethodist church, a female seminary, beautifully situated, 5 stores, 1 grist m., several saw m., 60 dwellings, and about 400 inhabitants. Steamboats land and receive passengers here daily. It is surrounded by fine scenery. There are in the t. 3 acad, 75 students, 5 sch, 210 scholars. Pop, 2,968, York, r,. Me, A short stream in York county, which enters the Atlantic by a broad mouth which affords a good harbor, for 7 or 8 ms,, with a depth of water sufiicient for vessels of 200 tons burden. York, r,, Va, Formed by the junction of Pa- munkcy and Mattapony rivers. Its lower part forms a bay, generally 2 or 3 ms, wide, until it enters Chesapeake bay, between York and Gloucester counties. At Yorktown, where it ia contracted to 1 in, wide, it forms the best harbor in Va,, and it is navigable for large vessels 20 miles above this. It is about 120 miles long to its remote sources, York, county. Me. Situated in the s. w. part of the state, and contains 818 square miles. The surface is uneven and rough; soil, hard and rocky on the coast, but more Jertile in the interior. The Atlantic bounds it on the s. e., along which are fine harbors, and several lightliouscs. Capi- tal, Alfred. There were in 1840, neat cattle 50,010, sheep 69,477, swine 14,391 ; wheat 55,836 bushels produced, rye 23,140, Ind. corn 230,650, buckwheat 0,046, barley 40,670, oats 102,413, potatoes 1,123,441, sugar 26,084; 245 stores, cap. $313,150: 2 lumber yards, cap. $2,500; 22 full- ing m., 7 woollen fac, 5 cotton fac. 25,736 spin- dles, 101 tanneries, potteries, 4 printing offices, 4 weekly newspapers, 90 grist m., 157 saw m., 2 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $ 1,604,425. Pop. 54,03-k York, county. Pa. Situated in the &., toward the e. part of the state, and contains 804 sq. ms. Susquehanna r. runs on its n. e. border. Drain- ed by Cadorus, Conewago, and Yellow Breeches creeks. The surface is uneven ; soil, generally very fertile. Capital, York, There were ia 1840, neat cattle 34,425, sheep 30,347, swine 50,297; wheat 357,515 bushels produced, rye 363,880, Indian corn 600,822, barley 1,714, oats 597,044, buckwheat 12,999, potatoes 172,216, to- bacco 102,748 lbs. ; 159 stores, cap. $528,375 ; 17 lumber yards, cap, $90,000; 7 fulling m., 10 woollen fac, 53 tanneries, 216 distilleries, 4 YOR 745 YOR breweries, 9 potteries, 4 paper fac, 6 printing of- fices, 7 weekly newspapers, 7 flouring m., 13'2 grist m., 104 saw m., 9 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $990,010. 2 acad. 50 students, 130 sch. 3^749 scholars. Pop. 47,010. York, county, Va. Situated in the s. e. part of the state, and contains 150 sq. ms. Chesa- peake bay bounds it ort the s. E., and York r. on the N. E. The soil is generally fertile. Capital, Yorktown. It has 6 sch. 170 scholars. Top. 4,720. York, disti^ S; C; Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 800 sq. ms. Watered by Catawba r., which bounds it an the s. e., and Broad r., which bounds it on the w. Drained by branches of these rivers, the chief of which are Turkey, Bullocks, King's, and Buffalo creeks. The surface consists of plainsj inclining to Ca- tawba and Broad rivers. Capital, Yorkville. There were in 1810, neat cattle 13,695, sheep 7,949, swine 24,021 ; wheat 64,021 bushels pro- duced, rye 44,738, Ind. corn 478,833, oats 44,148, potatoes 12,175, rice 5,200 lbs., tobacco 3,942, cot- ton 866,594; 14 stores, cap. $96,500 ; 3 tanneries, 24 distilleries, 1 pottery, 1 printingoffice, 1 weekly newspaper, 6 flouring m., 21 grist m., 15 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $37,428. 1 acad. 33 students, 39 sch. 679 scholars. Pop. 18,383. York, p-t., port of entry, York co.. Me., 45 s. w. by s. Portland, 92 s. w. Augusta, 502 W. On the seacoast the surface is rocky and rough ; soil, barren, but fertile near the v. Watered by York r., which enters the Atlantic by a wide mouth, and Cape Neddock r. Agamenticus mt. lies in its n. w. part, a noted landmark for sea- men, the summit of which presents an extensive prospect. Incorporated in 1653. The v. is situ- ated on the N. side of York r., one mile from the sea, formerly the capital of the co., has a good harbor, which admits vessels of 250 tons, and is regularly laid out, with streets crossing each other at right angles. It has some shipping, em- ployed chiefly in the fisheries. It was originally designed for a large city, but has not equalled the expectations of its early founders. On Cape Ned- dock, a rocky promontory, on the s. side of a river of the same name, in the town, is a light- house. It has 11 stores, cap. $7,750; 2 fulling m., 1 tannery, 5 grist m., 5 saw m. Cap. in man- ufac. $2,975. 866 scholars in schools. Pop. 3,111. York, p-t., Livingston co., N. Y., 238 w. Al- bany, 354 W. The surface rises 1 or 2 ms. from Genesee r., when it becomes level; soil, clay loam, fertile in wheat, and other kinds of grain. Drained by branches of Genesee r., which bounds it on the E. It has 12 stores, cap. $37,150 ; 1 woollen fac, 2 furnaces, 2 distilleries, 3 grist m., 3 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $34,175. 17 sch. 1,039 scholars, Pop. 3,049. York, t., York co.. Pa., 5 s. w. York b. The surface is undulating ; soil, gravel, and not very fertile. It has 2 tanneries, 2 grist m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $4,045. Pop. 1,294. York, p-b., and capital of York co., Pa., 24 s. Harrisburg, 90 W. It is situated in Spring Gar- den and Manchester ts., and on Codorus cr., on a plain, with streets crossing each other at right angles. It contains a court house and county offices of brick, a jail of stone, an academy of brick, 12 churches, belonging to Lutherans, Ger- man Reformed, Presbyterians, Moravians, Epis- copalians, Methodists, Friends, Roman Catholics, and African Methodists ; 3S stores, cap. $201,100 ; 11 lumber yards, cap. $70,900; 1 woollen fac, 5 tanneries, 3 breweries, 4 printing offices, 5 weekly newspapers. Cap. in manufac. $129,310. 94 2 acad. 50 sttidents, 10 sch. 647 scholars. Pop. 4,779> The poorhouse is in the vicinity of the v. The U. States Congress removed to this place when drivert from Philadelphia, in the revolu- tionary war. The cr. is made navigable 11 ms, to the Susquehanna r,, by 8 ms. of pools and 3 of canals, with 9 locks. The v. is supplied by water in pipes from a spring in the vicinity. This place is connected with Philadelphia and Balti- more by railroads. York, p-v., Fayette co., Ga., 87 w. n. w. Mil- ledge vilk- 691 W. York, t., Athens co., O. Drained by Hock- hocking r., on which is Nelsonville v. It re- ceives several small tributaries, the largest of which is Monday cr. It has 10 sch. 191 scholars. Pop. 1,601. York, t., Belmont co., O. Bounded e. by Ohio r. Drained by Captina cr., which affords water power. The surface is uneven ; soil, very fertile. It has 1 sch. 35 scholars. Pop. 1,294. York, t., Darke co., O. It has 1 sch, 20 scho- lars. Pop. 369. York, t., Medina co., O. It has 1 tannery, 2 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $2,300. 5 sch. 15*3 scholars. Pop. 781. York, t., Morgan co., O. It has 3 stores, cap* $6,500 ; 2 tanneries, 1 distillery, 1 grist m., 2 saw" m. Cap. in manufac. $5,950. G sch. 494 scho- lars. Pop. 1,032. York, t., Sandusky co., 0. It has 5 sch. 189 scholars. Pop. 1,301. York, t., Tuscarawas co., O. It has 1 grist m., 6 saw m., 5 sch. 305 scholars. Pop, 865. York, t.. Union co., O. It has 2 sch. 70 scho- lars. Pop. 439. York, t.. Van Wert co., O. Pop. 181. Y^ORK, p-t., Washtenaw co., IMich., 46 w. De- troit, 511 W. It has 1 store, cap. $2,500; 1 tan- nery, 1 flouring m., 1 grist m., 4 saw m. Cap. hi manufac. $13,600. Pop. 1,146. Y^ORK, t., Switzerland co., la. Pop. 1,331. Y'oRK, t., Steuben co,, la. It has 1 sch. 14 scholars. Pop. 19]. York, t.. Noble co., la. It has 1 store, cap. $800 ; 1 pottery, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 sch. 18 scholars. Pop. 289. York, p-v., Clarke co.. 111., 142 E. s. e. Spring- field, 676 W. Situated on the w. side of Wa- bash r., and contains 4 stores, 1 steam saw and flouring m., and about 350 inhabitants. York Centre, p-o., Lucas co., O., 151 n. W. Columbus, 482 W. York Haven, p-v., Newberry t., Y ork co., Pa., 14 s. Harrisburg, 100 W. Situated on the w. side of Susquehanna r., below Conewago falls, oppo- site to Portsmouth. Much of the descending trade of the r. proceeds from this place to Balti- more. Y'oRK North Ridge, p-o,, Sandusky co., O., 99 N. Columbus, 414 W. York Ridge, p-o.. Dearborn co., la., 84 s. e- Indianapolis, 510 W. Yorkshire, p-t., Cattaraugus co., N. Y., 278 Albany, 341 W. The surface is generally level ; soil, a fertile clay and gravelly loam. Drained by Cattaraugus cr. and its tributaries. The v. is siluated on Cattaraugus cr., and contains I church, 4 stores, 1 flouring m., 40 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. There are in the t. 2 store.s, cap. $5,5:« ; 1 fulling m., 3 tanneries, 2 grist ra., 6 saw ra. Cap. in manufac $10,180. Pop, 1,292. ^ . Y'ork Sulphur Springs, p-v., Latimore t., Adams co.. Pa., 15 s. Cariisic, 21 s. Harrisburg, 89 W. The springs iiere are a fashionable resort from Baltimore, and contain good accommodatiorw ZAN 746 ZAN lor visiters. The country around is healthy, and the springs possess valuable mineral properties. YoRKTOWN, p-t., Westchester co., N. Y., 16 n. White Plains, 112 s. Albany, 275 W. Tlie sur- face is hilly, and on the N. mountainous ; soil, generally fertile. It has several ponds, and is drained by Croton r. It has 10 sch. 201 scholars. Pop. 2,819. YoRKTOWN, p-v., port of entry and capital of York CO., Va., 70 e. s. e. Richmond, 185 W. Sit- uated on the s. side of York r., opposite to Glou- cester. It contains a court house, jail, county offices, 40 dwellings, some of them in a dilapi- dated condition, and about 300 inhabitants. It is memorable as the place where Lord Cornwallis surrendered the British army to Gen. Washii.y- ton, Oct. 19th, 1781, which event terminated the revolutionary war. YoRKTOwN, p-v., Delaware co., la., 50 n. e. Indianapolis, 537 W. YoRKviLLE, v.. New York co., N. Y. Situated on the Harlem railroad, 5 ms. N. of the City Hall. It lies chiefly on two streets. It contains 2 churches — 1 Episcopal and 1 Methodist — a fine public school house of brick, 2 stories high, with a large public library, 4 stores, 1 rope walk, 2 extensive carriage fac, 70 dwellings, and about 500 inhabitants. The railroad passes through the place in a deep cut, and in the immediate vicini- ty it passes through a tunnel cut through solid rock, 844 feet long, 24 feet wide, and 21 high. Prospect Hill, in the vicinity, has a fine public house commanding an extensive prospect. In the vicinity of the v. is the great receiving reser- voir of the Croton water-works. Stages pass through the place many times daily, from the city to Harlem. YoRKviLLE, p-v., capital of York dist., S. C, 79 N. by w. Columbia, 480 W. Situated on a branch of Broad r., and contains a court house, jail, 3 churches, an academy, and about 700 in- habitants. YoRKviLLE, p-v., Pickens co., Ala., 68 w. n. w. Tuscaloosa, 876 W. YoRKViLLE, p-v., Gibson CO., Tenn., 143 w. Nashville, 826 W. Situated on a branch of Obion r., and contains about 100 inhabitants. YoRKviLLE, p-v., Racine co., Wis., 96 E. s. E. Madison, 796 W. YouGH Glaues, p-o., Alleghany co., Md., 219 w. N. w. Annapolis, 180 W. YouGHiOGfiENV, r., Va., Md., and Pa., rises in Preston co., Va., and passes through Alleghany CO., Md., and enters Pa. between Somerset and Fayette counties, and pursuing a n. n. w. course, it enters theJMonongaliela r.,18ms. s. e. of Pitts- burg. Its course is through an elevated, hilly, and mountainous country, passing through Lau- rel Hills and Chesnut ridge. At the Ohiopyle falls, about 30 ms. from its entrance into theMo- nongah.,it has a perpendicular descent of 20 feet, presenting at high water a grand and interesting appearance. It is navigable to these falls. Young, p-o., McDonough co., 111., 95 n. w. Springfield, 868 W. Young's, p-o., Yancey co., N. C, 238 w. Ra- leigh, 463 W. Youngers, p-o., Boone co.. Mo.. 45 n. Jeflfer- son City, 930 W. You.ng's Cross Roads, p-o., Granville co., N. C, 63 N. Raleigh, 263 W. Young's Cross Roads, p-o., Lauderdale co., Ala., 149 N. Tuscaloosa, 794 W. Young's Mills, p-o., Wayne t, Knox co., O., 57 N. E. Columbus, 335 W. Young's Poi.nt, p-o., Madison par.. La. Young's Store, p-o., Laurens dist., S. C, 86 w. N. w. Columbia, 504 W. Young's Tan Yard, p-o., Washington co., Tenn. Youngston, t., Trumbull co., O. It has 10 sch. 520 scholars. Pop. 999. YouNGSTOWN, p-t., port of delivery, Porter t., Niagara co., N. Y., 293 w. by n. Albany, 416 W. Situated on tlie E. side of Niagara r., 1 m. from its entrance into Lake Ontario, and contains 1 church, 1 steam flouring m., 5 stores, 50 dwell- ings, and about 400 inhabitants. A ferry crosses (he r. to Newark v., Canada. Near it is Fort Niagara, celebrated in the French war. It was taken by the British in the late war. It has, since the war, been suffered to go to decay. Opposite to Youngstown is Fort George, in Cana- da. Steamboats land and receive passengers at this place, during tlie season of navigation. Youngstown, p-b.. Unity t., Westmoreland CO., Pa., 158 w. Harrisburg, 184 W. It contains 1 German church, 4 stores, 2 tanneries, 1 flouring m., 1 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $3,600. 1 sch. 50 scholars. Pop. 415. Youngstown, p-t., Trumbull co., O., 177 n. e. Columbus, 290 W. Watered by 3Iahoning r.. Mill cr., and other small tributaries of the Mahoning. The V. is situated on the n. side of the r., on the Pa. and O. canal, and contains 5 stores and a number of dwellings. There are in the t. 9 sch. 526 scholars. Pop. 654. YouNGsvrLLE, p-v.,, Warren co., Pa., 218 n. w. Harrisburg, 310 W. Situated on both sides of Big Broken Straw cr., 3 ms. from its mouth, and contains a Methodist church, 3 stores, various mechanic shops, 30 dwellings, and about 200 in- habitants. The country around is fertile and well cultivated. YouNGsviLLE, p-v., Tallapoosa co., Ala., 139 E. s. E. Tuscaloosa, 806 W. It contains about 75 inhabitants. YouNG Womanstown, p-v., Chapman t., Clin- ton CO., Pa., 134 N. Harrisburg, 226 W. Situated on the N. side of the Susquehanna r., and con- tains about 40 inhabitants. Ypsila.\t[, p-t., Washtenaw co., Mich., 30 w. by s. Detroit, 517 W. Watered by Huron r. and Stony cr. The v. is situated on both sides of Huron r., and contains 4 churches — 1 Episcopal, 1 Pres., 1 Bap., and 1 Methodist — an academy, 10 stores, 3 flouring m., 3 saw m., 1 woollen lac, 2 carding machines, 1 iron foundry, 1 tannery, 300 dwellings, and about 1,500 inhabitants. It is con- nected witli Detroit by the Central railroad. The r. here affords good water power. There are in the t. 16 stores, cap. $80,850 ; 1 furnace, 1 distil- lery, 4 (louring m., 3 grist m., 9 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $169,335. Pop. 2,419. z. Zachery's Store, p-o., Newton cc, Ga., 63 N. w. 3Iilledgeville, 655 W. Zanesfield, p-v.. Logan co., O., 64 n. w. Co- lumbus, 451 W. Situated on a head branch of Mad r., and contains about 150 inhabitants. Zanksvili.e, p-t., capital of Muskingum co., on the E. side of Muskingum r., opposite to the mouth of Licking r., on the national road. It con- tains an elegant court house, a jail, county offices, a market house, 2 banking houses, 2 academies, an atheuffium, with a reading-room, and a library of 9,(K)() vols., 9 churches, 40 wholesale and retail 0., 54 K Columbus, 339 W. The v. is situated i stores, 2 steam engine and machine shops, 3 ZEB 747 ZOA woollen fac, 1 cotton fac, 1 steam paper m , 3 oil m. 2 breweries, 3 air Ibimdries, 2 brass foundries, 2 rope fac, 2 soap and candle fac, 1 starch and glue fac, 3 coach fac, 2 steam and 2 water saw m., 2 glass fac, 1 steam hat fac, and 5 printing offices. In the immediate vicinity are 5 llouring m. propelled by water power, with 30 run of stones, and 3 steam flouring m., with 9 run of stones, manufacturing annually 100,000 barrels of flour. The population of the v. is 4,706, and including several connected adjacent villages, about 7,000. A benevolent and wealthy indi- vidual taequeathed a fund of $35,000, which is constantly increasing, to found a free school. 2 bridges connect this place with Putnam and West Zanesville, on the opposite side of the Muskingum river. By means of a side-cut which enters the Muskingum at Dresden, it has a connection with the Ohio canal. A canal and locks at this place around the falls of the Muskingum, not only make the r. navigable, but create a great water power. Pop. of the t., exclusive of the v., 355. Zanesville, p-o., Buckingham co., Va., 83 n. . Richmond, 162 W. Zanesville, p-v., Montgomery co., 111., 38 s. Springfield, 784 W. Zebulon, pv., capital of Pike co., Ga., 77 w. Milledgeville, 696 W. It contains a court house, jail, an academy, 1 Baptist and 1 Methodist church, 6 stores, and about 40 dweUings. Zebulon, p-v., Pike co., Ark., 136 s. w. Little Rock, 1,201 W. Situated on a branch of Washita r., and contains about 75 inhabitants. Zeisersville, p-o., Luzerne co., Pa., 105 n. e. Harrisburg, 211 W. Zelienople, p-v., Conequenessing t., Butler CO., Pa., 224 w. by n. Harrisburg, 252 W. Situ- ated on the s. side of Conequenessing cr., and con- tains 2 stores, several mills, and about 250 inhab- itants. Zenas, p-v., Jennings co., la., 62 s. Indianapo- lis, 565 W. Zion, p-v., Iredell co., N. C, 155 w. Raleigh, 366 W. ZoAR, p-o., Eden t, Erie co., N. Y., 296 w. Al- bany, 353 W. ZoAR, p-v., Lawrence t., Tuscarawas co., O., 120 N. e. Columbus, 319 W. Situated on the e side of Tuscarawas river. Settled by a German colony called Separatists, from their secession from the Lutheran and other churches. It is under the government of a patriarch, and chooses its own officers. The v. contains 1 store, 1 grist m., 2 saw m., 1 oil m., 1 woollen fac, 1 linen lac, 60 dwellings, and about 300 inhabitants. On the canal they have several warehouses, and 2 blast furnaces. They have an extensive pleasure-gar- den, with a hothouse, well stored with rare plants and exotic fruits. The v. is peculiarly neat and thrifty, and is visited as a curiosity. ZoAR Bridge, p-v.. New Haven co., Ct., 51 s s. E. Hartford 293 W. APPENDIX, CONTAINING SEVERAL OMISSIONS, NEW COUNTIES, POST-OFFICES, &c. A. Addison, t., Shelby co., la. Pop. 1,281. Albany, t., Bedford eo.. Pa. Pop. 803. Ale.\ander, t., Licking co., O. Pop. 200. Allen, t.. Union co., O. Pop. 713. Anderson, t., Warrick co., la. Pop. 318. Andover, (north surplus,) Oxford co., Me- Pop. 45. Arkansas, t., Arkansas co., Ark. Pop. 640. Armstrong, t., Vanderburg co., la. Pop. 869, Auburn, t., Richland co., O. Pop. 1,016. Aovase, t., Callaway co., Mo. Pop. 1,164. B. Barlow, t., Washington co., O. Pop. 1,011. Bayou Maso.n, t., Chicot co.. Ark. Pop. 455. Benedicta, t., Aroostook co.. Me. Pop. 222. Berlin, t., Delaware co., O. Pop. 827. Bethlehem, t., Northampton co., Pa. Pop. 2,989. Black Lick, t., Indiana co., Pa. Pop. 2,088. Blair, t., Huntingdon co.. Pa. Pop. 1,370. Blooming Grove, t., Richland co., O. Pop. 1,495. Blue Creek, t., Adams co., la. Pop. 197. Boggs, t.. Centre co.. Pa. Pop. 1,714. Boone, t.. Van Buren co.. Mo. Pop. 445. Boston, t., Wayne co., la. Pop. 636. Bowerbank, t., Piscataquis co.. Me. Pop. 165. Bridgewater, t., Susquehanna co.. Pa. Pop. 2,082. Brookfield, b., Jefferson co., Pa. Pop. 276. Brookfield, t.. Stark co., O. Pop. 315. Brown, t., Montgomery co.. la. Pop. 1,452. Buffalo, t.. Union co.. Pa. Pop. 1,348. Bull SKrN, t., Fayette co., Pa. Pop. 1,275. Butler, t., Knox co., O. Pop. 647. BusTON, t., Luzerne co., Pa. Pop. 733. Byrd, t.. Brown co., O. Pop. 2,421. C. Cave Hill, t., Washington co., Ark. Pop. 923. Centre, t., Butler co., Pa. Pop. 1,834. Centre, t, Rush co., O. Pop. 1,333. Chambersburg, v., VVest t., Columbiana co., O. Pop. 82. Cherry, t., Lycoming co., Pa. Pop. 875. Chest, t., Cleareeld co.. Pa. Pop. 13S. Clifford, t., Susquehanna co., Pa. Pop. 1,068. Clinton Gore, Kennebec co., Me. Pop. 110. Coleville, t., Ashtabula co., O. Pop. 530. Columbia, t., Fayette co., la. Pop. 982. Conemaugh, t., Somerset co., Pa. Pop. 882. Connewago, t., Adams co.. Pa. Pop. 839. Covington, t., Clearfield co.. Pa. Pop. 438. D. Decatur, t, Clearfield co., Pa. Pop. 385. Damascus, v., Columbiana co., (). Pop. 99. Danburv, t., Washington co., Vt. Pop. 820. Darbv, t , Union co., O. Pop. 736. Davies, county, Ky. Situated in the w. part of the state, and contains 600 gq. rns. It has the Ohio r. on tlie n., and Green r. on the s. Drained by small streams falling into them. Capital, Owenboro'. There were in 1840, neat cattle 8,939, sheep 7,929, swine 11,614; wheat 33,808 bush, produced, rye 2,538, Ind. corn 361,805, oats 52,325, potatoes 10,617, tobacco 8,598,900 pounds ; 4 distilleries. Cap. in manufac. $2,900. 7 sch. 166 scholars. Pop. 8,331. De Kalb, county. 111. Situated in the n. part of the state, and contains 648 sq. ms. Drained by Kishwaukee cr. and a small branch of Fox r. Capital, Sycamore. There were in 1840, neat cattle 2,283, sheep 682, swine 7,800 ; wheat 38,095 bush, produced, Ind. corn 49,531, oats 36,305, potatoes 21,975, siigar 9,014 pounds; 4 stores, cap. $7,000 ; 1 distillery, 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $25,250. 11 sch. 216 scholars. Pop. 1,697. Delavan, t., Walworth co., Wis. Pop. 154. Delaware, t., Juniata co.. Pa. Pop. 946. Derry, t., Westmoreland co.. Pa. Pop. 3,732. Du Page, county. 111. Situated in the n. e. part of the state, and contains 396 sq. ms. Drain- ed by Des Planes r. and Du Page cr. Capital, Napierville. There were in 1840, neat cattle .'J,617, sheep 831, swine 8,213; wheat 53,641 bush, produced, Ind. corn 65,261, barley 1,912, o-t, 136,413, potatoes 85,370, sugar 14,555 lbs. ; li stores, cap, $13,000 ; 2 grist m., 7 saw m. Cap. in manufac. $18,500. 18 sch. 337 scholars. Pop. 3,535. £. East Brunswick, t., Schuylkill co., Po. Pop. 1,230. East Lyme, t.. New London co., Ct. Pop 1,439. East Pike Run, t, Washington co., Pa. Pop 1,240. EIast Providence, t., Bedford co., Pa. Pop 1,019. EcoRE A Fabre, t.. Union CO., Ark. Pop. 232. Eufaula, p-v., Barbour co., Ala., 201 n. e. Tuscaloosa, 809 W. Situated on the w. side of Chattahoochee r., and coniains about 200 inhab- itants. This place was formerly called Irwinton. F. Fayette, t., Juniata co.. Pa. Pop. 1,291. Fell, t., Huntingdon co., Pa. Pop. 911. Ferguson, t., Clearfield co.. Pa. Pop. 168. Fermaugh, t., Juniata co.. Pa. Pop. 831. P'lat Rock, t., Bartholomew Co., la. Pop. 922. Fourche la Fave, t.. Pope co.. Ark. Pop. 167. FouRCHE LA Fave, t., Conway co.. Ark. Pop. 343. Franklin, county, Va. Situated in the s. part of the state, and contains 771 sq. ms. Drained by Roanoke r. and its branches. Capital, Rocky 3Iount. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,590, sheep 11,967, swine 31,986; wheat 97,048 bush, produced, rye 7,166, Indian corn 130,251, oats IND 184,101, potatoes 17,745, tobacco 2,508,1 15 pounds, cotton 2,749; 19 stores, cap. $118,900; 24 tan- neries, 21 distilleries, 4 flouring m., 33 grist m., 36 saw m., 2 oil m. Cap. in manufac. $73,526. 16 sch. 367 scholars. Pop. 15,832. Franklin, t., Lycoming co.. Pa. Pop. 529. Franklin, t., Portage co., O. Pop. 1,497. Franklin, t.. Summit co., O. Pop. 1,436. Franklin, t., Warren co., O. Pop. 2,457. Franklinton, Franklin co., O. Pop. 404. Fulton, t., Sevier co., Ark. Pop. 3,052. G. German, t., Mercer co., O. Pop. 1,499. German, t., Montgomery co., O. Pop. 2,728. Gibson, t., Clearfield co., Pa. Etop. 170. Gibson, t., Darke co., O. Pop. ?76. GiRAiiD, t., Clearfield co.. Pa. Pop. 349. Glass Lake, t., Jackson co., Mich. Pop. 1,127. Golden, t., Erie co., N. Y. Pop. 1,088. Goshen Gore, t., Caledonia co., Vt. Pop. 144. Granville, t., Mercer co., O. Pop. 339. Granville, t., Muskingum co., O. Pop. 156. Gratiot, t., Musi"ingum co., O. I'op. 108. Grayson, t., Owen co., la. Pop. 475. Greenbrier, t., Independence co.. Ark. Pop. 550. Greene, t., Franklin co.. Pa. Pop. 2,518. Greene, t., Pike co.. Pa. Pop. 178. Greene, t., Hamilton co., O. Pop. 2,939. Greene, t., Monroe co., O. Pop. 937. Greene, t., Richland co., O. Pop. 1,998. Greene, t., Ross co., O. Pop. 1,889. Greene, t., Scioto co., O. Pop. 974. Greene, t.. Summit co., O. Pop. 1,536. Greene, t., Trumbull co., O. Pop. 646. Greene, t., Wayne co., O. Pop. 1,751. Greene, t., Randolph co., la. Pop. 596. Greenfield, b., Wasliington co., Pa. Pop. 264. Greenfield, t.. Orange co., la. Pop. 635. Greenfield, t., Poinsett co.. Ark. Pop. 288. Greensboroogh, t., Henry co., la. Pop. 945. Greenscurg, t., Greene co., Ky. Pop. 585. Greenville, t., Erie co.. Pa. Pop. 862. Griggs, t., Van Buren co.. Ark. Pop. 579. Gum Log, t., Pope co., Ark. Pop. 205. H. Hanover, b., York co., Pa. Pop. 1,070. Hanover, t., JetTerson co., la. Pop. 840. Hamilton, t., Franklin co., O. Pop. 1,119. Hamilton, t., Jackson co., O. Pop. 1,711. Hardin, t., Conway co.. Ark. Pop. 428. Harios, t., Centre co., Pa. Pop. 2,002. Harmony, t., Perry co., la. Pop. 1,764. Harmony, t.. Van Buren co.. Mo. Pop. 569. Harrison, t., Ross co., O. Pop. 631. Harrison, t., Fayette co., la. Pop. 1,690. Harrison, t., Owen co., la. Pop. 401. Harrison, t.. Cole co.. Mo. Pop. 547. Hat Creek, t., Taney co., Mo. Pop. 181. Haw Creek, t., Bartholomew co., la. Pop. 1,263. Henry, t.. Wood co., O. Pop. 213. Henry, t., Henry co., la. Pop. 1,318. Highland, t., Muskingum co., O. Pop. 844. Hilbourne, t., Madison co.. Ark. Pop. 367. Horace, t. Tioga co.. Pa. Pop. 82. Howland, t., Trumbull co. O. Pop. 1,035. Hurricane, t., Lincoln co., Mo. Pop. 1,795. I. Independence, t., Washington co., O. Pop. 335. r49 LIT Illinois, t.. Pope . o.. Ark. Pop. 173. Illinoy, t.. Pope CO., Ark. Pop. 208. J. Jackson, t., Monroe co., O. Pop. 805. Jackson, t., Preble co., O. Pop. 1,260. Jackson, t., Sandusky co., O. Pop. 929. Jackson, t., Wayne co., O. Pop. 1,645. Jackson, t., Hamilton co., la. Pop. 1,209. Jacksonbijrg, v., Butler co., O. Pop. 136. Jailes, t., Van Buren co , Ark. Pop. 338. James, t., Steuben co., la. Pop. 314. Jefferson, t., Cambria co.. Pa. Pop. 141. Jefferson, t., Allen ro., la. Pop. 108. Jefferson, t., Grant co., la. Pop. 636. Jefferson, t., Hamilton co., la. Pop. 167. Jefferson, t., Switzerland co., la. Pop. 2,068. Jefferson, t., Wayne co., la. Pop. 1,289. Jefferson, t., Buchanan co., Mo. Pop. 448. Jefferson, t., Sevier co., Ark. Pop. 280. Jena, t., Livingston co., Mich. Pop. 141. Jenks, t., Jefferson co., Pa. Pop. 20. Jennings, t., Fayette co., la. Pop. 786. Jerome, t.. Union cr>., O. Pop. 865. Johnson, t., Brown co., la. Pop. 342. Johnson, t., Gibson co., la. Pop. 1,205. Johnson, (extended,) Cambria co., Pa. Pop. o28. Jordon, t., Clearfield co., Pa. Pop. 329. K. King's River, t., Madison co.. Ark. Pop. 345. L. La Fayette, t., Van Buren co., Mich. Pop. 327. La Fayette, t., Floyd co., la. Pop. 928. La Fayette, t., Owen co., la. Pop. 511. La Fayette, t., Union co.. Ark. Pop. 337. La Grange, t.. La Fayette co.. Ark. Pop. 362. Lake, t., Allen co., la. Pop. 254. Lake, t., Milwaukee co.. Wis. Pop. 418. LANauiLi.E, t., Poinsett co.. Ark. Pop. 494. Larner, t., Preble co., O. Pop. 1,618. Laurel, t., Hocking co., O. Pop. 836. Lawrence, t., Clearfield co., Pa. Pop. 1,032. Lebanon, t., Lawrence co.. Ark. Pop. 412. Lees Creek, t., Crawford co.. Ark. Pop. 555. Leesburg, t., Union co., O. Pop. 726. Lehman, t.. Pike co., Pa. Pop. 560. Le Roy, t., Ingham co., Mich. Pop. 110. Lesear, t.. New Madrid co.. Mo. Pop. 968 Letter A., t., Aroostook co.. Me. Pop. 177 Letter A., Oxford co.. Me. Pop. 54. Lewistown, v., Columbiana co., O. Pop. 79 Lewisville, t., Co.shocton co., O. Pop. 64. Liberty, t., Pope co.. Ark. Pop. 300. Liberty, t., Putnam co., O. Pop. 125. Liberty, t., Ross co., O. Pop. 1,256. Liberty, t., Trumbull co., O. Pop. 1,225. Liberty, t.. Union co., O. Pop. 927. Liberty, t., Washington co., O. Pop. 515. Liberty, t.. Wood co., O. Pop. 215. Liberty, t., Pope co., Ark. Pop. 300. Licking, t., Blackford co., la. Pop. 512. Lick Mountain, t., Conway co., Ark. Pop. 174. Limington, t., York co.. Me. Pop. 2,210. Lisbon, t., Milwaukee co., Wis. Pop. 116. Little Black, t., Randolph co., Ark. Pop. Little Red River, t, Van Buren co., Ark. Pop. 317. NOR 750 PIT Little North Fork, t., Marion cc, Ark. Pop. 190. Logan, t., Fountain co., la. Pop. 949. London, t., Seneca co., O. Pop. 763. Long Island, Hancock co.. Me. Pop. 114. Lorain, t., Tippecanoe co., la. Pop. 1,482. LoRDSTOWN, t., Trumbull co., O. Pop. 1,167. Louisiana, t., Chicot co., Ark. Pop. 951. Ludlow, t., Washington co., O. Pop. 539. Lynn, t., Posey co., fa. Pop. 845. M. McVevtown, b., Mifflin co.. Pa. Pop. 348. Madison, t., Montgomery co., O. Pop. 1,594. Madison, t., Muskingum co., O. Pop. 1,070. Madison, t., Richland co., O. Pop. 1,878. Madison, t., Sandusky co., O. Pop. 316. Madison, t., Scioto co., O. Pop. 830. Madison, t., Lenawee co., Mich. Pop. 1,067. Madison, t., Jefferson co., la. Pop. 2,757. Marion, t., Mercer co., O. Pop. 1,010. Marion, t., Shelby co., O. Pop. 965. Marion, t., Livingston co., Mich. Pop. 345. Marion, t., Union co., Arli. Pop. 278. Mau.mee, t., Allen co., la. Pop. 272. Meigs, t., Muskingum co., O. Pop. 1,333. Meigsville, t., Morgan co., O. Pop. 1,159. Miatt, t., Lawrence co., O. Pop. 366. MiDDLEBURG, t., Siiiawassee co., Mich. Pop. 32. Milan, t., Allen co., la. Pop. 249. Mill Grove, t., Steuben co., la. Pop. 206. Millsford, t., Williams co., O. Pop. 175. Milton, t., .Jefferson co., la. Pop. 1,280. Monroe, t., Grant co., la. Pop. 273. Montgomery, t., Richland county, O. Pop. 2,445. Montgomery, t., Owen co., la. Pop. 1,429. Montgomery, t., Monroe county. Ark. Pop. 292. Morgan, t.. Harrison co., O. Pop. 1,157. Morgan, t., Owen co., la. Pop. 530. Morris, t., Clearfield co., Pa. Pop. 214. Mount Sterling, t., Madison co., O. Pop. 152. Mount Sterling t., Muskingum co., O. Pop. 177. N. Newark, t., Licking co., O. Pop. 1,433. Narrows, t., Macon co.. Mo. Pop. 211. New Georgetown, v., Columbiana co., O. Pop. 218. New Hanover, t., Burlington co., N. J. Pop. 3,045. New Lima, t., Columbiana co., O. Pop. 129. New Reading, t. and v., Perry co., O. Pop of the V. l'J3, of the t. 2,799. Newton, t., Trumbull co., O. Pop. 1,456. Niangoa, t., Benton co.. Mo. Pop. 372. Nine Mile Prairie, t., Callaway co., Mo. Pop. 2,059. Nineveh, t., Bartholomew co., la. Pop. 854. Noble, t.. Rush co., la. Pop. 1,491. Noble, t., Wabash co., la. Pop. 454. Northampton, t.. Summit co., O. Pop. 963. North and South Akron, t.. Summit co., O. Pop. 1,665. Northern Liberties, (incorporated and un- incorporated,) Philadelphia co., Pa. Pop. 37,806. (See Philadelphia.) Northeast, t., Orange co., la. Pop. 1,027. North Fork, t., Newton co.. Mo. Pop. 177. North Fork, t., Taney co.. Mo. Pop. 357. North Shenango, t, Crawford cc, Pa. Pop. 1,210. Northwest, t.. Orange co., la. Pop. 901. North Woodbury, t., Bedford co.. Pa. Pop. 1,994. North, t., Harrison co., O. Pop. 1,086. O. Ohio, t., Monroe co., O. Pop. 908. Old, River, t., Arkansas co.. Ark. Pop. 281. Old River, t., Chicot co., Ark. Pop. 454. Olympus, t., Muskingum co., O. Pop. 96. Orange, t., Columbia co.. Pa. Pop. 833. Orange, t., Carroll co., O. Pop. 1,528. Orange, t., Delaware co., O. Pop. 789. Orange, t., Richland co., O. Pop. 1,840. Orange, t., Rush co., la. Pop. 1,499. Oregon, t-J>ucas co., O. Pop. 264. Osage, t., Miller co., Mo. Pop. 297. Osage, t., Morgan co., Mo. Pop. 654. Osage, t.. Van Buren co., Mo. Pop. 307. O.shtomo, t, Kalamazoo county, Mich. Pop 310. Ottowa, t., Oceana co., Mich. Pop. 190. Ottowa, t., Putnam co., O. Pop. 690. Otter Creek, t., Ripley co., la. Pop. 941. Otter Creek, t., Wayne co.. Mo. Pop. 425. Owen, t., Saline co.. Ark. Pop. 481. P. Palmyra, t.. Pike co., Pa. Pop. 300. Parker, t., Butler co., O. Pop. 1,364. Peebles, t., Alleghany co., Pa. Pop. 1,820. Pemisco, t., New Madrid co., Mo. Pop. 278. Pendleton, t., St. Francis co., Mo. Pop. 387. Penn, t., Clearfield co.. Pa. Pop. 336. Penn, t.. Union co.. Pa. Pop. 2,280. Perry, t., Logan co., O. Pop. 1,014. Perry, t., Muskingum co., O. Pop. 1,061. Perry, t., Noble co., la. Pop. 464. Perry, t., Stark co., O. Pop. 2,209. Perry, t., St. Francis cc. Mo. Pop. 977. Peru, t.. Pike co.. Mo. Pop. 1,178. Pettis, t., Macon co., Mo. Pop. 384. Philadelphia, county, Pa. Situated in the s. E. part of the state, and contains 120 square miles. The surface is gently undulating ; soil, productive. Delaware r. runs on its e. border. Drained by Schuylkill river, and Poquessing, Pennypacli, Frankford, Darby, and other creeks. These streams, especially the Schuylkill, afford good water power. Capital, Philadelphia. There were in 1840, neat cattle 11,988, sheep 2,781, swine 13,132 ; wheat 66,987 bushels produced, rye 23,500, Ind. corn 165,834, buckwheat 14,340, barley 2,178, oats 140,033, potatoes 249,817, silk cocoons 2,291 pounds; 1S6 commercial and 63 commission houses, cap. $2,119,.501 ; 2,078 stores, capital $17,385,993: 60 lumber yards, capital $1,232,000; 16 fulling m., 29 woollen fac., 45 cotton fac. 40,862 sp., 32 dyeing and printing establishments, 10 tanneries, 20 rope fac, 11 dis- tilleries, 19 breweries, 1 glass fac, 7 potteries, 12 sugar refineries, 17 flouring m., 13 grist m., 13 sawm., 1 oil m., 10 paper fac, 47 printing offices, 8 daily, 17 weekly, 7 semi-weekly newspapers, and 26 periodicals. Capital in manufactures, $11,587,668. 5 colleges, 737 students, 130 acad. 8,897 students, 248 sch. 16,212 scholars. Pop. 258,037. Pike, t., Clearfield cc, Pa. Pop. 676. Pike, t. Potter co.. Pa. Pop. 139, Pike, t, Union co., la. Pop. 1,587. Pine Grove, t., Warren co.. Pa. Pop. 1,335. Pink, t., Wayne co., Pa. Pop. 1,610. PiTTSTOWN, t., Luzerne co., Pa. Pop. 1,110. SAL 751 VAN Plain, t., Wood co., O. Pop. 273. Pl.\tte, t., Buchanan co., Mo. Pop. 462. Pleasant, t., Marion co., Mo. Pop. 1,414. Pleasant, t., Steuben co., la. Pop. 356. Plymouth Grant, t., Aroostook co., Me. Pop. 200. Point, t.. Perry co., la. Pop. 573. Porter, t., Huntingdon co.. Pa. Pop. 879. PouLTNEY, t., Steuben co., N. Y. Pop. 1,784. Prairie, t., Henry co., la. Pop. 1,724. Preble, t., Adams co., la. Pop. 164. Prescott, t., Washington co.. Me. Pop. 793. Pushuta, t., Allen co., O. Pop. 768. Pymatuning, t., Mercer co.. Pa. Pop. 1,793. R. Racoon, t., Beaver co., Pa. rtP871. Randolph, t., Montgomery co., O. Pop. 1,774. Randolph, t., Tippecanoe co., la. Pop. 991. Raysville, Henry co., la. Pop. 246. Recovery, t., Mercer co., O. Pop. 298. Rensselaer, t., Wayne co., Mich. Pop. 464. Republican, t., Jefferson co., la. Pop. 1,548. Rice, t., Sandusky co., O. Pop. 385. Richfield, t., Lucas co., O. Pop. 204. Rich Hill, t., Greene co., Pa. Pop. 1,384. Rich Hill, t., 3Iuskingura co., O. Pop. 1,424. Richland, t., Marion co., O. Pop. 1,147. Richland, t., Putnam co., O. Pop. 388. Richland, t.. Fountain co., la. Pop. 2,048. Richland, t., Steuben co., la. Pop. 141. Richland, t., Morgan co., Mo. Pop. 1,021. Richland, t., Scott co., Mo. Pop. 523. Richmond, t., Ashtabula co., O. Pop. 334. Richmond, t., Howard co.. Mo. Pop. 2,642. Rich Woods, t.. Miller co.. Mo. Pop. 370. Rich Woods, t., Wasliington co., Mo. Pop. 857. RiDGEviLLE, t., Lorain co., O. Pop. 818. Riley, t., Oxford co.. Me. Pop 51. Riley, t., Sandusky co., O. Pop. 426. Riley, t., Putnam co., O. Pop. 653. Ripley, t., Montgomery co., la. Pop. 950. Ripley, t.. Rush co., la. Pop. 1,922. RisDON, t., Hancock co., O. Pop. 27. Rivers, t., Jackson co., Mich. Pop. 400. Roanoke, t., Randolph co., Ark. Pop. 308. RoARK, t., Gasconade co.. Mo. Pop. 727. Robinson, t., Washington co.. Pa. Pop. 860. Rochester, t., Lorain co., O Pop. 487. Rock, t., Jefferson co.. Mo. Pop. 755. Rock Creek, t., Bartholomew co., la. Pop. 685. RocKFORD, t., Caldwell co.. Mo. Pop. 746. Rocky Fork, t., Boone co.. Mo. Pop. 1,697. Ross, t., Kalamazoo co., Mich. Pop. 386. RossviLLE, t., Muskingum co., O. Pop. 160. Round Grove, t., Marion co.. Mo. Pop. 911. Round Prairie, t., Callaway co., Mo. Pop. 1,019. RoxBURY. t., Washington co., O. Pop. 1,086. Rundle, t., Cape Girardeau co., Mo. Pop, hSO. Rush, t.. Centre co.. Pa. Pop. 317. Rush Creek, t., Logan co., O. Pop. 1,077. Rush, t., Schuylkill co.. Pa. Pop. 370. S. Sabine, t.. Saline co.. Ark. Pop. 907. Salem, t., Mercer co., O. Pop. 579. Salem, t., Warren co., O. Pop. 2,958. Saline, t.. Cooper co.. Mo. Pop. 1,227. Saline, t.. Miller co.. Mo. Pop. 489. Saline, t., St. Genevieve co., Mo. Pop. 510. Saling, t., Audrain co., Mo. Pop. 209. Salt Pond, t.. Saline co.. Mo. Pop. 585. Salt River, t.. Pike co.. Mo. Pop. 316. Salt River, t., Ralls co., Mo. Pop. 942. Sand Creek, t., Bartholomew co., la. Pop 1,003. Sandstone, t., Jackson co., Mich. Pop. 654. St. Ferdinand, t., St. Louis co., Mo. Pop 3,079. St. Francis, t., St. Francis co.. Mo. Pop. 983 St. Francis, t., Wayne co.. Mo. Pop. 662. St. James, t., Scott co., Mo. Pop. 298. St. Johns, t., Franklin co., Mo. Pop. 1,908. St. Johns, t.. New Madrid co.. Mo. Pop. 580 St. Joseph, t., Allen co., la. Pop. 227. St. JjOuis, t., St. Louis co.. Mo. Pop. 8,116. St. Michael, t., Madison co.. Mo. Pop. 1,518, Scott, t.. Brown co., O. Pop. 1,101. Scrubgrass, t., Venango co.. Pa. Pop. 1,076 Sharon, t., Richland co., O. Pop. 1,675. Shawnee, t., Allen co., O. Pop. 439. Sheffield, t., Tippecanoe co., la. Pop. 1,524 Shelby, t., Polk co., Mo. Pop. 451. Shippen, t., Tioga co.. Pa. Pop. 192. S.MITH, t., Barry co., Mo. Pop. 1,799. South Fort, t., Monroe co., jMo. Pop. 731. South River, t., Marion co., Mo. Pop. 744. South Strabane, t., Washington co.. Pa. Pop. 1,075. South Woodbury, t., Bedford co.. Pa. Pop. 1,950. Spencer, t.. Pike co., Mo. Pop. 837. Spencer, t., Ralls co.. Mo. Pop- 1.037. Springfield, t., Allen co., la. Pop. 110. Springfield, t., Jefferson co., O. Pop. 1,077. Spri.ngfield, t., Lucas co., O. Pop. 443. Springfield, t., Ross co., O. Pop. 1,063. Springfield, t.. Rives co.. Mo. Pop. 453. Spring Prairie, t., Walworth co.. Wis. Pop. 531. Spring Yard, t., Barry co.. Mo. Pop. 1,032. Sugar Creek, t., Shelby co., la. Pop. 1,048. Sugar Creek, t., Barry co., Mo. Pop. 810. Sugar Creek, t., Newton co., 3Io. Pop. 280. Sugar Creek, t., Benton co.. Ark. Pop. 460. Sugar Loaf, t., Crawford co.. Ark. Pop. 213. Sugar Loaf, t.. Van Buren co., Ark. Pop. 77. Sugar Tree Bottom, t., Carroll co., Mo. Pop. 321. Sully, t., Marion co., O. Pop. 870. Surrounded Hill, t., Monroe co.. Ark. Pop. 105. Sweet Home, t., Clark co.. Mo. Pop. 249. T. Turbut, t., Juniata co.. Pa. Pop. 1,319. TJ. t., Tioga CO., Pa. Pop. 238. t., Washington ro., O. Pop. 838. and Perry, Vanderburgh co., la. Pop t.. Cape Girardeau co.. Mo. Pop. 769. t., Lincoln co., 3Io. Pop. 1,188. t., Marion co.. Mo. Pop. 1,002. t., Monroe c? . 3Io. Pop. 737. t., St. Genevieve co.. Mo. Pop. 266 t.. Saline co.. Mo. Pop. 152. t., Washington co.. Mo. Pop. 1,317. LouTRE, t., Montgomery co.. Mo. Union, LTnion, Union 1,241. LLnion, Union, Union, Unio.n, Unio.n, Union, Union, Upper Pop. 545. V. Vallek, t., Jefferson co.. Mo. Pop. 584. Van BureN; t., Grant co., la. Pop. 174. WAY 752 ZAN Van Buren, t., Polk co., Mo. Pop. 511. Velmo.nt, t., Arkansas co., Ark. Pop. 283< Vernon, t., Richland co., O. Pop. 1,084. Vernon, t., Shiawassee co., Mich. Pop. 373. Vineyard, t., Barry co.. Mo. Pop. 567. W. Walker, t., Juniata co., Pa. Pop. 1,423. Walker, t., Rush co., la. Pop. 1,032. Waltham, t., Hancock co., Me. Pop. 321. Washington, t., Lycoming co., Pa. Pop. 1,829. Washington, t., Union co., Pa. Pop. 1,135. Washington, t., Logan co., O. Pop. 517. Washington, t., Warren co., O. Pop. 1,306. Washington, t., Independence co.. Ark. Pop. 318. Waterville, t., Grafton co., N. H. Pop. 63. Wawatosa, t., Milwaukie co.. Wis. Pop. 342. Wayne, t., Armstrong co.. Pa. Pop. 1,875. Wayne, t., Scioto co., O. Pop. 1,844. Wayne, t., Wayne co., O. Pop. 1,843. Wayne, t., Tippecanoe co., la. Pop. 1,541. West Pike Run, t., Washington co.. Pa. Pook 947. *^ West Providence, t., Bedford cc. Pa. Pop. 1,643. White, t., Benton co.. Mo. Pop. 228. White, t., Sevier co.. Ark. Pop. 166. Whitefield, t., Indiana co., Pa. Pop. 1,664. White Oak, t., P'ranklin co.. Ark. Pop. 795 WiLLSBOROuGH, t., Tioga CO., Pa. Pop. 369. Wolf, t., Lycoming co., Pa. Pop. 786. Y. Yellow Creek, t., Linn co., 3Io. Pop. 388. York, t., Lucas co., O. Pop. 435. Young, t.,^diana co.. Pa. Pop. 1,116. Young, t.J^Pfferson co.. Pa. Pop. 1,321. Z. Zane, t., Logan co., O. Pop. 1,021. JUST PUBLISHED BY SHERMAN & SMITH, A NEW AND ELEGANT MAP OF THE UNITED STATES OP AMERICA, ENGRAVED ON STEEL; Projected on a scale of 24: miles to the inch — size about six feet hy seven; Showing accurately and minutely the boundaries of States, Counties, and Town- ships ; the courses of Rivers and Streams, Canals, Railways, Stage and Post Roads ; the position of Cities, Towns, and Villages, Lakes, Mountains, &c. The Meridian and Township lines of the United States' Surveys. The various internal improve- ments, with such other information as is usually delineated on Maps of the most finished description. The whole compiled from the United States' Surveys, the Sur- veys of the several States, and other most authentic sources. By J. Calvin Smith, Geographer. For sale wholesale and retail by Sherman &l Smith, 122 Broadway, cor. Cedar-st, New York. sV ''K ■J- \- w "^y. v-J^' > t ■ ^^ -"t. 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