Class PliKSENTKl) BY Independent Literary Society INDEPENDENT LITERARY SOCIETY OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY Historical Sketch Side Lights from the Press Register of Members COMPILED BY WiLLJAM WiNFRED LiVENGOOD, A.B.'oy 1885-I9O7 BLOOMrNGTON, InD. 1908 ^u>n^ 'S-^ ■Is Printed and Bound by Wm. B. Burford Indianapolis aift 22 CUT 1908 CONTENTS Page Prefatory Note 5 HISTORICAL SKETCH I. Founding and Early Development, 1880-1890, 9 II. The Decade, 1890-1900 28 III. The New Independent 37 IV. Tribute to David Kopp Goss 47 V. Some Facts Concerning the Membership 51 SIDE LIGHTS FROM THE PRESS 57 REGISTER OF MEMBERS, 1885-1907 99 ILLUSTRATIONS Old College Building Frontispiece Contemporary Photographs of Founders Opposite pages 14I 16, 18, 20, and 22 PREFATORY NOTE As an appropriate souvenir of the celebration of the twentieth anniversary of the founding of Inde- pendent Literary Society, the active members planned in the summer of 1905 to bring out a brief history of the organization. When the task had been fully entered into, however, its magnitude began to dawn upon the originators of the scheme. They found it impossible to get out a publication worthy of the Society in so brief a time. As the work progressed, too, the plan of the book was extended from a mere pamphlet to the more am- bitious book form. This necessitated an increased expenditure of money and more detailed informa- tion. Thus, almost three years have elapsed before the present modest little book has crept into print. This stretch of time is accounted for, however, if one considers the almost endless correspondence necessary to get into communication with some four hundred and fifty former members of the Society, scattered throughout four continents. It must also be borne in mind that some of these alumni have been out of the University for twenty years. Again, no early records of the Society are extant, other than those in the old treasurer's book. This [5] Prefatory Note meant that historical data had to be gleaned through personal inquiry and an examination of contemporary press accounts. Here was additional expenditure of labor and time. In collecting this material and in handling the correspondence, the editor is especially indebted to Mr. James Douglas Bobbitt, '09, Miss Gertrude Magers, '08, Miss Mary Ward, '09, and Mrs. Eva Smith Minnick, '09. Our final acknowledgment, however, is due to Professor Samuel B. Harding, '90, whose advice in organizing the data, and assist- ance in seeing the volume through the press account for the most commendable features of the book. W. W. L. [6] historical ^kttct I. Founding and Early Develop- ment, 1880-90 ''That the true end of literature and society be better conserved in the Indiana University, ' ' — this, according to the preamble of its first constitution, is the mission of Independent Literary Society. By *' society," we fancy the founders meant far more than mere social acquirements : they hinted at those fundamental social rights of man, not the least of which is political equality. We of the present college generation can not understand, much less appreciate, the political con- ditions that obtained in the social circles of In- diana University during the early eighties. Three societies — Athenian, Philomathean, and Hesperian — were the centers of literary culture. They were venerable* organizations, made up of members selected from both ''Barbarians" and "Greeks." The natural antagonism of these two classes, plus the rivalry among the fraternities themselves, gen- erated an intense political ferment within, and among, the societies. ♦The catalogue of 1840— the oldest available— refers to each of the two men's societies, Philomathean and Athenian, as then havmg a "well-selected library of sev- eral hundred volumes." Hesperian was a society of women students. [9] Independent Literary Society SOCIAL CONDITIOxNJS IN THE EARLY EIGHTIES These conditions are set forth lucidly in a few letters, written on solicitation of the editor, by contemporaries who were alive to affairs round about them. Here is what Barton W. Evermann, '86, says: '*As I now remember conditions existing in those days, the situation was about as follows : All three of the regular college literary societies had greatly deteriorated. It was difficult, and by many of us thought impossible, to secure the doing of good literary work in any of them. They were too much given over to non-essentials and irrelevant affairs. This condition had risen certainly as early asl88L . . . '' Mrs. Margaret Porch Hamilton, '97, writes of this early time: ''The period was one of turmoil. It was not only 'Greek' against 'Barbarian,' but ' Greek' against ' Greek. ' I remember very distinct- ly just a year or two previous to the founding of this society [Independent] Theta entertained Kappa. It was an unheard-of event and hailed with great joy as a promise of more peaceful sail- ing. They intertwined the old gold and black with the Kappa blues about the stems of sacred peace- pipes, and hoped for a lasting truce. "Every sort of student enterprise— class elec- [10] Historical Sketch tions, etc.— was signalized by various combinations of dijffierent 'f rats' in order to elect some favorite *frat' leader. For a 'Barb' to be given a promi- nent place, or even to be consulted, was almost un- known. ' ' '*I joined Athenian in the fall of 1879 as a Freshman, " says President Joseph Swain, '83. ^*It was ten weeks before the election of society officers was complete. Some of us were old fogy enough to believe that it ought not to take ten weeks to decide who should fill the offices, and who should have the honors in the literary society. ' ' The contemporary press reports are corrobora- tive. We quote two clippings from the Student of 1884' and '85 as significant.* ' ' Hesperian Society seems to be unruffled by fac- tions. It is only in the Philomathean that the fra- ternities enter into deadly combat." And again, ' ' The scuffle which recently took place between the two literary societies [Philomathean and Athe- nian] was in every sense a disgrace to those en- gaging in it. . . . There ought to be enough soberness and enough regard for the interests of the societies, if no higher reason, to quit these bar- barous habits," It is evident that the time was ripe for the or- ganization of a, new society. Nor were the men lacking. Some of the aggressive ''old fogies' * ^ also "Side Lights from the Press." [11] ->> Independent Literary Society to use President Swain's term — got together in 1880-81 and formed a club which deserves special study in this history because it was the true fore- runner of our own Society — the ''John the Baptist of Independent. ' '* This was called Eureka Society, affectionately referred to by its members as ''Old Eureka.'' EUEEKA SOCIETY "Eureka Society was formed, if my memory serves me," writes President Swain, "in the col- lege years 1880-81. It was formed not as an anti- fraternity organization, but as a protest against college politics, then current in the two literary societies, Athenian and Philomathean. I believe, however, that none but non-fraternity men were members of Eureka. . . . The members of Eureka did not withdraw from the college societies. Eureka had its meetings in the room on the corner of Walnut and Sixth streets. The exercises con- sisted of orations, debates, declamations, etc. . . . Eureka Society was short-lived, lasting only about two years. The political faction that had con- trolled the policies of the literary societies was beaten, the literar^^ work was resumed in the col- lege societies, and Eureka was then abandoned. It was not, however, without a struggle within the society. The new members who had joined the * Mrs. Margaret Porch Hamllton'n phrflse. ri2] Historical Sketch second year came to look upon Eureka as satisfy- ing their needs better than the college societies. The counsel of the older members, however, after a session which lasted until the small hours of morn- ing, and in which the question was debated, finally prevailed; and by a majority vote, the Eureka ad- journed sine die/' The place Eureka had come to fill in the hearts of some is graphically portrayed by one of these '* second-year men," John W. Carr, '85, who writes: ^'I have no memoranda at hand, but my remembrance is that Joseph Swain, now President of Swarthmore College, was the leading spirit in Old Eureka. It was a thoroughly ^Barb' organiza- tion, usually had a good literary program, took some part in college politics, and developed a num- ber of good fighters. Among some of the members were Joseph Swain, W. L. Bryan, Luther Frame (now deceased), Samuel W. Camboy, Minor F. Pate, W. H. Rucker, David Curry, Rufus L. Green, and several others. During the time I was in col- lege, the society disbanded, or, in the language of Jordan, was allowed to * peter out' because it was thought it had done its work. I remember taking part in the obsequies, and with tears in my eyes, and tears in my voice, made a last plea for Old Eureka ; but alas, it had to die ! " Here is the recollection of another old student, B. W. Evermann, '86, who also indicates the pre- [13] Independent Literary Society natal transmission of dying Eureka's spirit over into Independent: '^This society [Eureka] would meet in open ses- sion for the doing of high grade literary work. After the regular meeting the society would ad- journ, and visitors and others not particularly in- terested would go home ; but a few kindred spirits would linger behind and devote the time until mid- night, or even later, to discussing college politics and devising ways and means; and they early began to show that keenness of insight and grasp of the situation which later distinguished Inde- pendent. My recollection is that the one great thought which these men had ever in mind was the bettering of the conditions at the University, with the sole object in view of securing better literary work and a recognition of the same. Their only desire was that literary and other college honors should go to those showing the greatest ability. There was never any desire on the part of these men to secure honors or recognition simply be- cause they were members of Eureka or Independ- ent, or that they were Barbarians. Eureka ran on for three or four years, or until the founding of Independent." Even though Eureka had disbanded, the spirit of healthy literary activity and social democracy for which it stood could not be forgotten. The "Barbs'' had had a taste of their long denied priv- 1141 ROBERT JUDSON ALEY CHARLES HARVEY BOLLMAN ALICE BELLE DIVEN MAY DILLON BARTON WARREN EVERMANN CONTEMPORARY PORTRAITS OF FOUNDERS-I Historical Sketch ileges; these could be held only through organized effort. Sooner or later a ''New Eureka" must spring forth. It was to contain one element, how- ever, that Old Eureka had not recognized. Much as the latter organization had taught the ' ' Barbs, ' ' in one point of social equality it was lacking: it made no provision for the women. Hesperian girls were as brave and as capable as their Athenian and Philo brethren. They were ready and anxious to cooperate with their fellow ''Barbs" to erect a new fraternal institution. So by the fall of 1885 we find the project already on foot for a new de- parture. FOUNDING OF INDEPENDENT ' ' If any one man more than another was respon- sible for the beginning of the Society, ' ' writes Mar- garet Porch Hamilton, ' ' it was Professor Ruf us L. Green, now of Leland Stanford. He felt strongly the 'under-dog' conditions which hampered and deprived the 'Barbs' of their privileges, and used his influence to induce certain prominent 'Barb' spirits to undertake an organization to protect their interests and develop a spirit of independence among the oppressed." The "Barb" spirits were not unequal to the occasion. The roll of names coupled so intimately now with achievements "out in the world" manifest the mettle of the men and [151 Independent Literary Society women who quietly laid their plans during those October and November evenings of eighty-five. ''Among the prime instigators/' writes Dr. Evermann, ''I recall David K. Goss, Elmer Stew- art, Joe Shea, John W. Carr, Robert J. Aley, Wil- lard Morrison, Charles Trent, "Web. Moffett, Mor- ton Malcolm, Ella Ryan, Widdie Fonts, Maggie Porch, Alice Diven, Kate Shannon and Myrtie Logan. There were doubtless several others whose names I am not now able to recall. While these were the active and known conspirators, my recol- lection is that the chief culprits, or instigators, were some fellows by the names of W. L. Bryan, Rufus L. Green and Joseph Swain. I think David S. Jordan and John C. Branner also looked with favor on the undertaking and gave the boys whole- some advice! Among the local conspirators who felt a keen interest in the success of the undertak- ing were Karsel and Doc Bates. These men [Bryan, Green, Karsel and others] were too smooth to show their hand, but the charter members all knew who were their friends!" David K. Goss is named, by common consent, as the leading spirit in the organization of Independ- ent. Mr. Carr aptly characterizes him as ' ' a natural fighter, always in practice and usually in action. ' ' Mr. Evermann remarks that "at the initial meet- ing Goss was doubtless the leader, and had more to do with the shaping of affairs than any one [16] MORTON WILLIAM FORDICE WILHELMINA MINERVA FOUTS DAVID KOPP GOSS RICE HOLTZMAN CHARLES WILLIAM STEWART CONTEMPORARY PORTRAITS OF FOUNDERS— II Historical Sketch else/' Mrs. Hamilton refers to him as ''a man feared and hated by the fraternities. ' ' His inside information concerning college politics was re- markable. ^'If a meeting of the faculty closed at two o'clock," once said Dr. Aley,* ^*you could see Goss at two-thirty and find out what had hap- pened at the meeting. If any political faction wanted to find out what another one had done at a caucus the night before, Goss was the man to see." There were giants in those days, but Goss was the Titan of them all. These stalwarts held meetings at the house where Margaret Porch was rooming, at the Dillon home on West Third street, and at the Hamilton's on East Fourth. Just where the initial meeting was held the founders disagree, or at least are not sure. At any rate, by the middle of November, 1885, the organization of the new society was per- fected sufficiently to draw up the following peti- tion: ^'To the Faculty: Believing that the factional strifes in the literary societies have defeated the ends for which these institutions were organized; and believing these strifes were primarily caused and are perpetuated by the fraternity system ; and belie\'ing that no literary organization is efficient to a laudable purpose that contains diverse ele- ments and is operated upon a spoils system; and ♦ Speech at the 20th anniversary celebration of the founding of Independent . [IT] Independent Literary Society seeing no hope of betterment in the present so- cieties : '*We, the non-fraternity students, petition that you grant us a hall within the University buildings wherein we may meet as a literary society one even- ing of each week; and we would further ask that this society continue its existence at your option and that jou recognize it as a regular college lit- erary society. [Signed] M. W. FoRDicE, Jos. H. Shea, B. W. BVERMANN, JnO. L. KeCK,* D. K. Goss, J. D. Atkinson,* E. B. Stewart, Haidee Nuckols, A. M. Malcolm, J. C. Trent, Alice Diven, R. J. Aley, WiDDiE FouTS, Cora Wooley,* Ella Ryan, C. W. Stewart, Kate Shannon, C. H. Bollman, LoTTA Lowe, Gertrude Logan, Myrtie Logan, Maggie Porch. W. L. Morrison, Committee. ' ' A new type of society had come into existence at Indiana University: a society essentially anti* "Greek" in its principles, — which meant in those days a keen struggle for recognition, if not for very existence. Mr. Carr facetiously puts it that, * 0tb«r daU Indiest* that thest ihree persont were never active membcrt of tht Soclaty. [18] MARGARET PORCH KATE SHANNON ELMER BRYAN STEWART ELLA RYAN JOSEPH HOOKER SHEA JOHN C. TRENT CONTEMPORARY PORTRAITS OF FOUNDERS-III Historical Sketch ''Independent was organized as a counter-irritant to the f rats, ' ' and adds a moment later the signifi- cant phrase, ''and [it] usually kept them guessing as to what would occur next." The workings of the organization had all been provided for by a con- stitution, the original copy of which is one of the few historic documents now in possession of the Society. CONSTITUTION A few of the most striking sections from the con- stitution will reveal the unique characteristics of this early Independent. The officers were elected for six regular meet- ings. The President, besides his regular duties as presiding officer, was required to deliver an inau- gural address, and read or deliver a valedictory essay. He was also charged with the following duties: "He shall, at each regular meeting, ap- point two critics, whose duty it shall be to criticize originals, declamations, and essays. He shall ap- point a jury of three, chosen in alphabetical order out of the declaiming and composing classes, to decide on the merits of the arguments advanced in regular debate. He shall appoint a censor whose duty it shall be to criticize the debates, regular and irregular. ' '* ♦These various appointive censorial offices later devolved upon one regularly elected critic whose duty it was to pass judgment on literary productions of all sorts (see "Side Lights" for Nov. 20, 1894). This office did not become entirely extinct until 1903. [19] Independent Literary Society The most onerous task of the Vice President was taking ''charge of the Society hall," for which he was to receive ''such compensation as the Society may from time to time determine. "* "The honors of the Society shall be: Valedic- torian ; Anniversarian, and two Associate Orators ; Orator for the 22d of February ; Contest Perform- ers, and six Spring Speakers. ' ' Any student of Indiana University of good moral character might become a member upon the approving vote "of two-thirds of all the members present,'' provided he were not a member of a secret college order. This last— joining a secret college order — was the crime of high treason against the organization. Short work was made of a disloyal member. ' ' Any member connecting him- self with any secret college order, by this act severs his connection with this Society. ' ' Terse, but un- mistakable. The literary work Avas arranged for by the exec- utive committee, composed of the four regular offi- cers — President, Vice President, Secretary, and Treasurer. This Committee, at the beginning of each term, divided the members into two grand divisions, each of which was divided into four ♦This officer has always been unfortunate. When the Society had attained » more prosperous footing financially, and a regular janitor had relieved the Vice Presi- dent of this duty, another equally weighty responsibility was loaded on his shoulders, that of carrying the "card" or "little book." Of course the girls are ignorant yet, as they always have been, of this convenient if not altogether gallant arrangement of the boys. [20] WEBSTER VOORHEES MOFFETT WILLIAM LaGRANGE MORRISON HAIDEE NUCKOLS JOANNA PAINTER NAOMI PAINTER CONTEMPORARY PORTRAITS OF FOUNDERS— IV Historical Sketch sub»divisions. One grand division performed at each regular meeting. One sub-division declaimed, one composed, while the remaining two debated. '^The sub-divisions of each grand division shall declaim and compose alternately at the second regular meeting after being on debate; the sub- division that debated in the affirmative, declaim- ing, and the or ^ that debated in the negative, com- posing." Thus the work was distributed and the duties rotated. To remove the possibilities of shirking duty, no performance was to occupy less than three min- utes, and no composition was to be received as a performance which had been read as an exercise in the University, except by consent of the So- ciety. To protect the members from the opposite abuse, no one was permitted to speak ''more than once, nor more than ten minutes on any question, without consent of the Society.'' Under this constitution, W. L. Morrison was the first President; A. M. Malcolm, Vice President; Kate Shannon, Secretary ; and Alice Diven, Treas- urer, THE FIRST YEARS The first few meetings were held at the house where some member was rooming, until a place was provided for in Wylie Hall,* where the Society met for the rest of that year. * In Dr. Branner's lecture room CEvermann), [21] Independent Literary Society The organization grew rapidly, drawing especial- ly on Athenian, until by December the membership had increased to thirty-six. That it was fighting its way aggressively is manifest by the disparaging re- marks made by fraternity editors.* In speaking of the annual contest between Philo and Athenian, Jan. 29th, 1886, the Student says witheringly: '* Although a part of these father-founded societies has recently withdrawn to organize a new society, the quality of literary work and ability remains," etc. Despite the jeers, however, in June, 1886, we find E. B. Stewart calmly remarking, concerning that first year's work: ^'I see little to regret and much that is gratifying, "f At the opening of the next year, the University furnished the organization a more comfortable meeting place in the Old College building, then oc- cupied by the preparatory school. The particular room was in the east wing of the building, first floor, and had been formerly the office of the Presi- dent of the University. This hall the Society fitted up at the opening of the term, and even added the luxury of a piano in November. The spirit of confidence its members had in Independent at this time is revealed in a defiant little line appended to an account of the celebration of the Society's first anniversary: '* Whether or not Independent has * See "Side Lights" for AprU, 1888. t See "Independent Valedictory" In "Side Lights." [22] MYtlTA ALMA LOGAN LOTTA LOWE ADAH McMAHON ANDREW MORTON MALCOLM JOHN HARRISON MEANS CONTEMPORARY PORTRAITS OF FOUNDERS— V Historical Sketch gained her object — literary and social culture — the exercises of the evening will attest. ' '* Evidently a gentle jab, this, at the raven-like prophecies that were emanating from Philo and Athenian. Independent's relations with these other socie- ties were not especially friendly. Athenian and Philo had each lost some of its best members to the younger club ; while the newly- founded Union, f like the two older organizations, was largely made up of *'frat" members, essentially antagonistic to the ' ' Barb ' ' organization. This unfriendliness cul- minated in an open breach while making arrange- ments for the quadrangular celebration of Wash- ington's birthday. The triumvirate wanted the presiding officer selected from one of its societies; and Independent objected to its exclusion from con- sideration. The result was that there were two semi-private celebrations that year, instead of one official function.! Some members of these other societies, however, were broad-minded enough to recognize the strength of such an organization as Independent R. F. Hight, president of Philomathean, in writing of the reasons for the decline of the literary spirit in the University said:§ * "Side Lights," Nov. 16. 1886. t Established In 1886-87; it was open to men and had no fraternity restriction in its membership clause. It united with Athenian hi 1888, to form the Union-Athenian Society. X See "Side Lights," Feb. 22, 1887. § Studerd, Feb., 1888. [23] Independent Literary Society '*For many years Philo has had a membership dra\\rQ almost entirely from fraternity circles. During these same years Athenian had a majority of non-fraternity men, and during these years Athenian far surpassed Philo as a working organ- ization. The reason for this was the very same as that which makes Independent this most nearly a success of any literary society in the institution today. To its members Independent serves the purpose of both fraternity and literary society. The time and attention which I divide between Philo and *that club with a crooked name that meets somewhere do^vn to^vn, ^ are by the Independ- ent lavished upon his own society." THE YEARS 1887-90 In spite of opposition, these years were pros- perous ones for Independent. Some of the aggres- sive founders had graduated; but their places were filled by members no less active. Brill, Davis- son, Griggs, Starbuck, Harding, Harris, and others equally stalwart were worthy to take the places of the absent ones. Literary spirit about the University had revived, and rose to the greatest height of the decade during the years 1888-90. The intense political rivalry among the societies was stilled, and triangular * contests were arranged for ♦ Union-Athenian, Philo, and Independent. Hesper died, 1887-88. [24] Historical Sketch each term. Prizes to the amount of one hundred twenty-five dollars were subscribed for the con- tests of a single year! Internally, Independent was harmonious, hence prosperous. Its membership was larger than that of any other organization in the University, and the news items are full of the lists of newly-elected members who were constantly recruiting its ranks. It was during the winter term of 1888 that the Society, aided by members of the faculty, pur- chased a grand piano to help out the musical end of the programs. To these programs the final word is due. Come with me some chilly December evening and let us imagine ourselves down in the old college build- ing, in a room furnished plainly, but in good taste.* We are facing the south. In front of us is a small rostrum; back of a table thereon are seated two dignified officers— the President and Secretary. We gaze around at our neighbors, chat- ting to each other as they sit in the parallel rows of chairs facing the presiding officers. There are many faces we recognize: Messrs. Todd, Holtz- man, Harding, Griggs, Davisson, Chambers, Rems- berg, Trent, Pinkerton, Woods, Kinsey, Lindley; Misses Breckenridge, McKee, Shea, Test, Ryan, Hamilton, McMahon — all are there, and a host of others. Toward the front we see a row of faculty ♦ For the facts of one of those meetings we are indebted to T. L. Harris, '92. [25] Independent Literary Society members and their wives : Prof, and Mrs. Jordan, Prof, and Mrs. Swain, Prof, and Mrs. Boone, Prof, and Mrs. Green ; and if the exercises are to be spe- cial, perhaps Prof. Naylor is there to direct the music. The fussy old court-house clock clangs off eight strokes somewhere out in the night. The President — mayhap Davisson, or Griggs, or Star- buck — raps on the table with the wooden gavel. Conversation dies out and everybody looks solemn. The President, without comment of any kind, rises, opens a small Bible which always lies on the table before him, and reads a brief chapter. Then the Secretary 's report is read and passed upon. After the critic is appointed, the program is taken up; Remsberg, Trent, Starbuck, and Perigo lead off with a quartet. Lindley follows with an oration on *' Sociability ; " Harding reads a paper on ''Birds in the Night;" Miss McMahon plays an instrumental solo, which is succeeded by another oration, this time by the silver-tongued Shea who doubtless speaks on ''Why I am a Democrat,'' in preparation for his campaign tour of the coun- ty; and if we are fortunate, the program may be closed by the new whistling quartet composed of Messrs. Harding, Davisson, Groninger, and Star- buck. Then comes the report of the much-feared critic. Sometimes appreciative, more often caustic, his remarks are an inspiration to better effort, or perhaps call forth vexed or humorous retort. [26] Historical Sketch The President adjourns the meeting for a few min- utes rest, after which we listen to the routine of business. Names are taken up, discussed, and passed upon by a standing vote of the members. New names are proposed to be voted on at the next Saturday night meeting ; and if the gods are good to us still, perchance our own will be among the number. [27] IL The Decade 1890-1900 THE HALCYON DAYS* We enter now upon a long prosperous stretch of years for Independent, with little material for the historian, but rich in better things. Throughout the decade 1890-1900, the name of another literary society is inseparably linked with that of Independent — that of the Century Society, founded in 1890. Century was composed exclusive- ly of non -fraternity men, and the relations between the two organizations were extremely cordial. They held friendly contests ; gave programs in each other's honor; and unwritten history has it that occasionally the Century boys stole the Independ- ent girls away from their own brothers ! However, J. B. Stokesberry relates one incident, at least, wherein the Century boys atoned for such crimes : ' ' The most exciting time of which I have any rec- ollection was when there was a movement on foot to move the University to Indianapolis. Some of our members were active in this campaign. As a result, our boys got into a few contests \\ath the militia boys and others, but there was nothing se- rious happened, and it is but a source of amuse- • For the fact of this period I am especially indebted to Mre. Margaret Porch Hamilton, '97, and Messrs. T. L. Hairis, '92. J. B. Stokesberry, '97, E. C. Crampton, '99. Ross Lockrldge. '00. A. W Nolan, '05, and George Teter, '05. [28] Historical Sketch ment now to remember. Some of the rougher ele- ment in town tried to break up our meeting one evening and capture some of us boys, but we man- aged to escape them and the Century Literary So- ciety boys came down and stood guard till the crowd dispersed. This was at the time of the dedi- cation of Kirkwood Hall. ' ' The old literary societies do not figure very long in this decade. Philomathean, the last to succumb, died in 1892. With the death of these old orders, the imme- diate fraternity dislike to the Society was re- moved; and while Independent was *^ constitu- tionally opposed to Greek letter societies, ' ' the rela- tions, if not cordial, were not severely hostile. ^^The fraternities and sororities," writes Mr. Stokes- berry, ^Svere on the best of terms with Independ- ent at that tim.e. They were always welcome at our meetings, and few Friday nights passed mth- out a visit from some members of the Greek letter societies. We, in turn, were invited to the open meetings, and a number of our boys and girls found their life partners among the Greeks, I be- ing among the number. My wife was a member of the Theta sorority and was knovm among the girls as the 'Independent Theta.' " **The men of 'the strong arm' at this time [1894- 98]," writes Mr. A. W. Nolan, ''were Messrs. Gan- iard. Rtokesbern^ Crampton, Pinkerton. Endieott. [29] Independent Literary Soeiety Stewart, Robinson, Ahl, Hanson, Widney, Bald- win, and others. The women were Misses Meek, Wasmuth, Miller, Porch, Gordon, Smith, Ridenour, McNabb, Philips, and Dixon. ' ' And had Mr. Nolan not been so modest he would have added his own name to the list. There are many, many others, too, whose names we have not space to include here. The membership of this whole period averaged consid- erably above thirty. An editorial from the Student of November, 1891, is illustrative of the activity of this entire period : * ' Independent Literary Society. — The work of this society commenced on the first Saturday even- ing after the opening of college with an earnest- ness which promises unparalleled success. Regular programs, supplemented by instrumental and vocal music, have been rendered from the beginning. '^ Music has always been one of the principal features of this Society, and, if we may judge by the musical talent found among her present mem- bers, it will play a more important part in the work of the Society in the future than it has in the past. ** Quite a number of new students have joined the Society this year, who evince the same earnest- ness, common among the previous members, which makes literary work a success. ''The Society is always pleased to have visitors, and many new students have availed themselves of Historical Sketch this opportunity not only to learn something of the literary work of the University, but to become ac- quainted with each other." In the fall of 1896 a new constitution was drawn up and adopted. The chief change instituted by this document was in the method of voting-in mem- bers. Heretofore, names of prospective candidates had been proposed by a membership committee and, at the outset at least, voted upon in open meet- ing. Now, the secret ballot was adopted, although under protest of part of the membership. ''Unfortunately for the Society," says Mrs. Margaret Porch Hamilton, ''the black ball system made it possible for some rather unattractive wom- en to dominate the admission of members, and certain jealousies of prestige or attractiveness kept out some desirable material, but managed to fill up the ranks with 'inoffensive' but colorless femi- nines. ' ' The best evidence, however, of prosperity during all this period is the pleasant recollections of par- ticular occasions which the contributors refer to in their letters. "About the year 1895*^ (I am not sure of the date)," writes Mr. Stokesberry, "the girls gave a very successful Hallowe'en party in honor of the boys of the Society. The long dark halls and the large, bare, upper assembly-room were dimly * Probably 1896. See "Side Lights" for October of that ye^ar, [31] Independent Literary Society lighted with jack-o-lanterns, and the victims were escorted by ghosts through these dismal vaults and finally arrived at the cavern of the fortune-teller in the basement. After this the boys were stood in a row at the end of the hall, and the girls took turns throwing at them with a rubber ball, and each girl got the one she chanced to hit. This is typical of the good times we used to have. This, together with tramps to Arbutus Hill, buckboard rides to Brown County, and taffy-puUings and parties at the Smith Farm, east of town, managed to fill up our spare time with great pleasure and profit." Mrs. Margaret Porch Hamilton gives these de- tails: ^^From '95 to '97 the Society was enjoying continuous prosperity. During the spring of '96 the girls gave an afternoon reception to the Uni- versity women, inviting some half-dozen each from the various fraternities, all the faculty ladies (as I remember), and the 'Barb' girls outside Inde- pendent. I think Mrs. Bryan and one other (prob- ably Mrs. Swain) were the chaperons of the occa- sion (possibly I had better say 'patronesses'). We had a large attendance, served refreshments, in- cluding punch from an ice punch bowl in which jonquils had been frozen. We gave, as favors, lit- tle ribbon bows made of the green and yellow — our newly adopted colors. ' ' Here is the recollection of Ross Lockridge, and the impression of his first night at Independent : [321 Historical Sketch ' ' I was rooming on ' Vinegar Hill, ' an Independ- ent and Century stronghold, when a boarding- club acquaintance, now the Honorable Sidney K. Ganiard, took me with him to the meeting of In- dependent. The hall at that time was on the first floor of the Old College building and a more fitting place could hardly be imagined. The meeting was largely attended — probably seventy-five or eighty — and the program, consisting of music, recita- tions, papers, and a debate was to me a ^ thing of beauty.' ... I remember some of the members especially. Hieronimous was President. There was 'Old' John Shafer, noted for his laughter; Ganiard, Crampton, Endicott, Jack Smith, Ram- sey, Robinson; Misses Meek. Porch, Wasmuth — I cannot mention all. ' ' Such are some of the fond reminiscences of this period that cling about the Old College hall. Not a member of the period but can call up as pleasant ones of his own. '^When we were compelled to leave the Old College in the fall of '98," con- tinues Mr. Lockridge, ''we felt as if we were de- parting forever from an 'old home'; but after hav- ing established ourselves on South Walnut, be- tween Kirkwood and Fourth, we found the place made little difference—Independent was tho [38] Independent Literary Society THE CRISIS Sometimes the historian must reveal facts that he would fain conceal, because they are so unpleasant. Such is the case with the next period of our history ; for the halcyon days of Independent were over, for a time, at least, and a crisis in her affairs was at hand. The account of this trying time may be given in the words of Mr. George Teter : ^'The spring of 1900 was a critical period in the life of Independent. This was not due to a lack of strong members, for on the roll that year were the names of Ward Hanger, W. L. Han son, M. E. Haggerty, Charles Clark, Lester Win- ter, E. M. Neher, and other students who were good in their college work, and have since shown themselves capable men. But the spirit of decay had entered. At this time, the Cen- tury Literary Society, long associated with In- dependent on terms of friendly rivalry, feeling that it had outlived the purpose for which it was organized, disbanded. The spirit that buried Cen- tury crept into Independent. The programs be- came uninteresting, the members grew listless. The 'Barb' element in the University was receiv- ing its share of honors, so that the purpose for which the Society was organized seemed to have been accomplished. Hence the question naturally [341 Historical Sketch arose, Why should Independent continue to exist? This marks the first stage. ''The spirit of decay grew till finally a commit- tee was appointed, in an unofficial way, to consider the situation in a more definite manner, and (if it thought wise) to draw up resolutions for the dis- posal of the furniture belonging to the Society, and for the proper burial of the Society itself. This committee considered the subject thoroughly, it is to be presumed. The outcome of its work was a series of resolutions, to the effect that since Inde- pendent had outlived its purpose, the Society should disband. This marks the second stage. ''The next step was to call a meeting of the Society to act upon the resolutions — to perform its own burial rites, as it were. This meeting was called, but in a peculiar manner. Only those who were in close touch mth the committee knew what was being done. The other members were simply informed that it had been decided that Independent was dead, and that the meeting was called for the purpose of disposing of the remains. The whole proposition was presented as a foregone conclu- sion. When the members met it developed that there were several who were doubtful of the idea that Independent had outlived its day. With newly awakened hope these members began a counter agi- tation. They appealed at once to the faculty mem- bers of the Society, who responded immediately in [35] Independent Literary Society no uncertain tones. The spirit of the older days came forth, and around this the life forces rallied. The faculty members * not only favored the con- tinuance of the Society, but were ready to back it up in every possible way. This was the third stage in the agitation. ^* After some preliminary meetings the final one was called f for settling decisively whether Inde- pendent were dead or alive. A motion was made that the Society disband. It was agreed that in order to carry such a motion a two-thirds vote should be necessary. The voting began. The mem- bers waited in suspense for the outcome. Mem- ories of former days would come in so that even those who had been most active in favor of the motion felt that the moment was a solemn one. The motion was lost by a narrow margin, and Independent was saved. ' ' Thus w^as the crisis passed. ♦•'Ward Hanger and Lorenzo Hanson, together with Dr. Foley and Dr. Ramsey, deserve most credit for the defence of Independent's rights, and the maintenance of her existence."— Margaret Porch Hamilton. t Feb. 13th, 1900. There is a significant line in the Secretary's report of this date: "Independent held a business meeting at 6:15. There was a general discussion, after which it was voted not to disband." [86] III. The New Independent THE CONVALESCENCE The period which followed is so close upon us that it is impossible to get a proper historical perspec- tive. Much of the earlier part of it, too, is rela- tively uninteresting. Independent recovered slowly from the crisis of '99, and kept losing occasional members to fraterni- ties for the first few years. Moreover, with Century gone, competition was absent, and this strong incen- tive to literary work was missing for the first time in Independent's history. It was a long up-hill pull to recover her former position, but loyal mem- bers have never been lacking. Dils, Carothers, Lockridge, Bottorff, Tugman, the Teter boys, the Smith and Philips girls. Misses Pickard, Boden- hamer, and others, worked faithfully in the little hall on South Walnut, True, the members were fewer than formerly, but much of the literary work was characterized by its old-time quality of excel- lence. It was in the winter of 1901 that Independent took in a man who deserves special mention. This was Jesse Hayes White. White was the strong-arm of the Society during his three or four years of [37] Independent Literary Society membership. Of high literary tastes himself, his personality alone inspired the members to work. To him and to Miss Bodenhamer, both dramatic- ally inclined, is due also a modern institution with- in the organization — the ''term play.'' While the Society had given plays before, dramatics had never come to form a regular part of Independ- ent's literary work. In 1901, ''A Noble Outcast" was presented to a hall full of invited guests. It was a success. Each year since, it has been the custom of the Society to give three ''term plays," one of which is elaborate enough to be properly denominated the "year play." It is safe to say, we think, that the inauguration of this custom did more than any one single thing to help Independ- ent up to her feet again. Another man whose name links itself insepa- rably with these plays was Aaron Wood, an actoi* of no mean ability. He was also a shrewd politi- cian, and a hard worker for Independent. With these men — Wood and White — were associ- ated Wise, Earl Brooks, A. G. Bobbitt, Dixon, Hill, and Misses Price, Bodenhamer, Teal, Lee, Smiths, Philips, and many another willing one. "During the fall of 1903," writes Miss Bertha B. Lee, '05, "Independent was lamentably weak, someway. We made several bad mistakes in our pledges, taking people upon the recommendation of one or two members. The hall was poorly [38] Historical Sketch heated and hard to get to. Dates were not made with any system; the girls, if they went, planned to go together usually. Attendance suffered." The spirit of f raternalism among the members re- vived during the latter part of the Spring term, however. The girls gave the boys a Valentine social of the old-fashioned sort; and the boys led off in the early spring with a hay-ride to Clear Creek. Spring came, and with it the old aggressive spirit of Independent thawed out. Many of the politically-inclined ones were participating active- ly in college politics, affiliating closely with the Emanon — a ^^Barb" dancing society — to give a death blow to corrupt ''frat" politics in the Uni- versity.* There was a general feeling that Independent was returning to its own, in spirit and in activity — literary, social, and political. The old hall on College avenue was felt to be too small to meet the present needs, much less the prospective demands of the future. The present large one on North Wal- nut street was rented, and papered in the newly adopted colors. To effect a closer f raternalism, pins were decided upon, and the boys got together to consider the proposition of an '^Independent * Out of fairness it must here be said that this would have been impossible at that time but for a division among the fraternities themselves. The acknowledged leader in the rebellion was C. C. Lyon, himself a Sigma Nu. Since then, however, the Barbs" have trounced the "Greeks" at their will. [39] Independent Literary Society House/' Chairs, banners, and rugs were pur- chased preparatory to the opening of the coming fall. President-elect Bobbitt appointed a commit- tee to correspond with the literary societies of other colleges concerning their methods of work, with a view to incorporating the best of these in a revised constituiton. The ''Independent spirit'' was so high that those who stayed for the Summer term held a number of Saturday night meetings. Everybody seemed imbued with the idea that a mile-stone marking a rough stretch had been passed, and that the old Independent (as they knew it) was about to emerge into a larger existence. THE NEW INDEPENDENT Nor did the autumn bring disappointment. With one of the two best furnished and roomiest halls in town for the regular Saturday night meetings;* with a large and aggressive membership — small wonder Independent went into a fierce ' ' rushing ' ' contest with the fraternities, pinning the green and white on some of the most desirable students in college. Part of this activity was due to the increased facility of action permitted by the new constitu- tion. Under this present instrument the organiza- tion of the Societv is more substantial, officers ♦ For convenience, buBiness meetings are held in the "house" parlors. [40] Historical Sketch changing at the end of each term* instead of hold- ing for a few meetings only. Much of the minor routine work now devolves upon committees, in- stead of having to come before the organization as a whole. The financial business of the Society is transacted by the executive committee, composed of the President and Treasurer only. The literary and social sections of the program are taken in charge by respective committees appointed for a term; while a play committee selects plays and casts, and coaches the actors for the whole year. With this extensive committee force taking care of executive matters, the business meetings of the So- ciety are left free for the discussion of questions of general policy and membership. It is also proper here to speak of a new clause introduced in this constitution — the pledge. For a few years prior to this. Independent had earned a reputation as a training school for the fraternities. As soon as a new Independent man had the Freshman greenness worn off, he was subject to indiscrimi- nate ^^frat" invitations. It was as a matter of self -protection that a simple pledge involving the honor of the candidate was introduced; and let it be further said that since this pledge was intro- duced but one man has been so inconsiderate of his friendships, his Society, and his honor as to break it. * The Treasurer holds throughout the year. [41] Independent Literary Society A NEW STRIFE Exuberance of spirit, plus the intoxication of success, were bound to lead to mistakes of policy. The line along which these found discharge was naturally social. The new hall had an excellent dancing floor; the spirit of ''tripping the light fan- tastic ' ' was just then prevalent in college society in an exaggerated form ; and many of the newer mem- bers were inclined toward ''society" rather than to- ward literature. Dancing in the hall was occasion- ally indulged in quietly by one division of the So- ciety; and on this the "conservatives" frowned. However, the literary work of the Fall term was commendable, and one of the most elaborate plays (^^ Esmeralda") ever given in the hall was pre- sented that year. It was not until a dance was an- nounced under the name of Independent Literary Society that the coolness between the factions broke out into actual hostility. Then followed a long and bitter fight, each faction resorting to political intrigues to gain its point. The contest was long- drawn-out, culminating during Baker's Presidency in the Spring term (1905), and seriously affecting the work of the succeeding year. Notwithstand- ing, the Society held together; but to tell the whole truth, it was not because of the spirit of brotherhood, but because each side was too stub- born to yield to the other. Only one thing pal- [42] Historical Sketch Hates this controversy : both sides were in desperate earnest, fighting for what each considered funda- mental to the good of the organization. The im- mediate question at issue was settled by a sort of compromise. It was agreed that dances might be given under the name of Independent, provided they did not interfere with the regular Saturday night meetings; and this is the policy adhered to today. Outside the strain on the fraternal spirit of the Society, the results of the contest told heaviest on the literary work. Little that was worth while was done along this line during the next year. The or- ganization was temporarily ^^ society mad;" and it seemed that one of the two purposes of the Society, as set forth in the preamble of the original constitu- tion, was to prevail to the practical exclusion of the other. Notwithstanding this discord, along the line of college politics the Society was still successful. Leaving class presidents out of consideration, In- dependent that year counted among its members the holders of the two chief political positions in col- lege circles — the editor-in-chief of the' Daily Stu- dent, and the editor-in-chief of the Arbutus, Some helpful external factors about this time be- gan to reveal themselves. Two other literary socie- ties, conforming to the type of Independent in es- sential principles, were established — Delphian and [43] Independent Literary Society the Indiana Club. That the increased attendance at the University can well support three organiza- tions of this sort has been proved by the strong membership and excellent literary work done in all. The spirit among the three societies is cor- dial and mutually helpful. Independent has prof- ited by their rise, not only through the friendly relationships established, but also through the healthy competition in affairs literary. May the two newer organizations wax old and thrive, is the wish of their elder sister. Another impetus to the Society that fall was the Twentieth Anniversary Celebration. This is re- lated at too much length in the ''Side Lights" to be here dwelt upon. Externally, the result of it was a local public prestige that the organization had not recently enjoyed; internally, it materially affected the pride of the members in the past career of Independent. It was for this meeting that a historical pamphlet of the Society was to have been ready — an unfinished undertaking then, but now completed in this publication. Within the Society, too, a gradual reaction against the social tendency came about. The ''so- ciety craze'' was burning itself out. At the be- ginning of the Fall term of 1906, the old wounds were all salved over, the close spirit of fra- temalism again prevailed, and there was a gen- eral desire for a revival of good literary work. [44] Historical Sketch Independent had passed through a new form of crisis and was emerging stronger than ever. The literary spirit grew and spread. Many new work- ers were added ; and we think we can say with all modesty, that Independent in 1907 closed one of her most prosperous years — a sane prosperity, at that — balanced nicely among literars'-, social, polit- ical, fraternal, and financial matters. A LAST WORD With this chapter the history of Independent, up to date, closes. In spite of opposing external forces, and occasional internal strifes, hers has been a long and prosperous career. Born in the midst of undemocratic social conditions, she has been a little leaven that has at length helped to leaven the whole lump. Social conditions about the Uni- versity have changed since those old days of eighty- five. The fight between ' ' f rats ' ' and ' ' anti-f rats ' ' has lost the bitter antagonism of those strenuous times. The old-time domineering pride of the ^^ Greek" has been humbled by the sturdy ^^Bar- barian.'' While the contests are now few, yet In- dependent is as wholesomely ''Barb'' in spirit ns ever. Her record is illumined with names that shine in the various worlds of polities, religion, scholar- ship, — indeed in all fields of honest human en- [45] Independent Literary Society deavor. Her future promises no diminution of the roll of honor. * " That the end of literature and society be better conserved in the Indiana University/' — these are the principles for which Independent still stands; and long may she so continue ! [46] IV. Tribute to David Kopp Goss David Kopp Goss was easily the leader of the movement in Indiana University, among the non- fraternity students, which resulted in the organiza- tion of Independent Society. Goss had been a leader of the ''Barbs'' from the time he entered college. He was at this time in his Junior year, and was full of the vigor and enthusiasm which always characterized his acts; in this spirit he or- ganized the ''Barb" host and led them in many successful battles against the united "Greeks." Goss, Stewart, and the writer, with some others whose names are not now recalled, were expelled from old Athenian, or rather, as it was then stated, we had forfeited our rights to membership there because we had joined another college literary so- ciety. The meeting was held in Athenian Hall in the third story of the Old College building. The resolution of ouster was presented by C. S. Sims, a leading member of the Senior class, in a bright and witty speech expressing regret that members had so far transgressed the law as to make it necessary- to adopt the resolution. Goss replied in a never to be forgotten speech full of sarcasm, wit, and logic in which he predicted the speedy downfall of the [47] Independent Literary Society old college literary societies, a prophesy which I am sorry to say has been only too well verified by time. The resolution was adopted and we solemnly marched out. In a few days thereafter a meeting of the Ora- torical Association was called to assemble in the Old College chapel; by its laws members of college lit- erary societies were by virtue thereof members of the Oratorical Association, eligible to enter its contests and to participate in its prudential affairs. The members of Independent, of course, desired to participate in the meeting. The question of our eligibility was raised — again Goss made one of his eloquent and convincing speeches, without effect, however, for we were promptly excluded by a strict party vote upon the theory that Independent was not a literary society, although but a few days be- fore we had been excluded from Athenian upon the theory that we were members of a literary so- ciety. These meetings were quite stormy and were very largely attended, as party feeling was at high tension. Judge Albert Rabb, now a leading lawyer of In- dianapolis, presided over the meeting of the Ora- torical Association, and when he announced the de- cision we marched out, ''independent'' indeed, as we were no longer members of any other college society. These exciting meetings not only demon- strated Gross' ability for leadership, but likewisi^ [48] Historical Sketch had a strong tendency to solidify the diverse ele- ments which made up the organization, and were very helpful in promoting the success of the first years of the new society. These bits of college history are recalled at this time to show the intimate connection which Goss had with the organization and early success of In- dependent. The younger classmen of serious mind were naturally attracted to Goss. He had a splen- did physique, a mind alert, vigorous, and decisive, which, together with a disposition naturally com- bative, made him a real leader. The career of In- dependent during this time was turbulent, but withal quite successful. Because of Goss' pre-emi- ment ability and genuine qualities of leadership, the Society immediately took first rank and became one of the strong factors in the student affairs of the University. The character and attitude of mind developed during his college days were the correct index to the after years of David Kopp Goss. He always hated shams and frauds of every kind. He came in contact with many of them in his busy life and they always felt the effect of his wrath. This brought him many controversies, which he did not seek to avoid, as other men with less honesty, both moral and intellectual, might have done. His enemies, and he had them, as do men of force and character, criticized his policies often, but they [40] Independent Literary Society never questioned the principle of right for which he always stood. His death was altogether untimely. The world has great need of men of the courage and honesty of purpose of David Kopp Goss. Those of us who knew him best loved him most. No higher tribute can be paid to man. Joseph H. Shea, Class '89. r50] V. Some Facts Concerning the Membership At the close of the school year, 1907, Independ- ent had a total membership enrollment of 480. Twenty years scatter the ' ^ old grads. ' ' The en- rollment of the Society shows a representation in twenty-nine states, three territories, the District of Columbia, England, France, South Africa, China, India and the Philippine Islands. Since leaving Independent the following persons, most of whom were members at the same time, have kept up an interesting circulating letter : Mb. a. W. Nolan and wife (Miss Myrta Philips). Mr. S. K. Ganiabd and wife (Miss Lillian Miller). Mb. J. B. Stokesberry and wife (Miss Linda Jose). Mb. R. R. Ramsey and wife (Miss Clara Smith). Mr. Charles Stewart and wife (Miss Lida Hunter). Mb. C. E. Endicx>tt and wife (Miss Elizabeth Wasmu th ) . The greatest virility obtains in that organization wherein variety of taste is found. That Independ- ent has had this is shown by the variety of profes- Independent Literary Society sions in which its members are engaging. Some 120 are teachers, 12 of whom, at least, are high school principals, 14 are city superintendents, 21 are college professors, and 3 college presidents. The lawyers number 28, business men 26, the physi- cians 13; and fche list diminishes through editors, bankers, ministers, cartoonists, Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A. workers, missionaries, farmers, legis- lators, mayors, judges, etc. Records are always fraught with interest to the curious statistician. The study of a college organi- zation immediately suggests to him the number and variety of degrees its members have taken. Con- cerning the number, we submit the following results with considerable pride as indicative of the spirit of scholarship for which Independent has always stood; as to variety, they are equal to a curio-shop. Judge for yourself : At least 230 members have appended the A.B. to their names; 49 the A.M.; 12 the Ph.D.; 12 the M.D. ; 17 the LL.B. ; 3 the B.D. ; 1 the M.S. ; 4 the B.S. ; 3 the D.D.S. ; 1 the Ph.B. ; 1 the M.L. ; and 1 the S.T.B. Death has not been idle amongst us. Twenty years have brought the list of the dead to almost as many names. The death-roll runs thus: [52] Historical Sketch Ghables Habvey Bollman. May Dillon. Esther Allebdice. Jennie Fey. David Kopp Goss. Charles A. Helvie. Charles William Stewart. Joseph Philip Ward. William Denton Milroy. Lee H. Smith. Edward Kenneth Dye. George W. Stevens. Ward Hanger. Daisy East. Robert Bruce Lockridge. Eva Philips. William A. Banta. Indiana University has long had a reputation as a match-making school. Naturally when a mixed organization is formed within the limits of our University the matrimonial possibilities are indef- initely increased. The founders established the nuptial precedent along with the other beneficial in- stitutions of our Society, and the tradition has been, and is being, faithfully kept. A count shows that already 32 couples within the organization have succumbed to Cupid's arrows. This means that 13 per cent, of the membership have intermarried. Others — but time will reveal all things; so let us wait. Following is the list of marriages up to date : [53] Historical Sketch David Kopp Goss to Alice Belle Diven. Webster Voobhees Moffett to Ella Ryan. Elmeb Bryan Stewart to Kate Shannon. William Edgar Lindley to Mary Breckenridge. Samuel Bannister Harding to Caroline Brown. Edward Howard Griggs to Jennie Fry. Henry Landes to Bertha Knight. Albert Fulton Stewart to Nettie Breckenridge. Jeremiah Wesley Bray to Anna Chappelle. Albert Henry Yodeb to Susan N. Griggs. Otto Paul Klopsch to Mathilde Zwicker. Charles Krauskopf to Mary Etta Hort. Melvili.e Samuel Woods to Jennie McDnx. Robert McKee McDill to Korah Kester. Charles Edward Stewart to Lida Hunter. Werter David Dodd to Anna Porch. Charles Elbert Endicott to Elizabeth Wasmuth. John Clarence Pinkerton to Abigail Gilbert. RoLLA Roy Ramsey to Clara Ethel Smith. Francis Hamilton to Margaret Porch. Sidney Keith Ganiard to Lillian Miller. Aretas Wilbur Nolan to Myrta Philips. Hence Irwin Orme to Lillian Clewell. Agassiz Wayne Hanson to Gertrude Clark. Alfred Gay McGregor to Cora Bowers. Melvin Everett Haggerty to Laura Garretson. Ross Frankton Lockridge to Elsie Shockley. Clayton R. Wise to Joyce Price. Orin Chalmer Hormell to Elizabeth Spaulding. Hal Enloe Driver to Elsie Keller. Lon Sharpless Baker to Anna Lowry Rankin. Arthur Garfield Bobbitt to Elsa Christina Teal. [54] ^iDe iLfg&t0 ftom tht Pte00 j/W.^frh^^^-f j ^ Side Lights from the Press In compiling this section the editor has ex- amined all the available files of the Student (1880-97; 1903-07), the Daily Telephone for 1886-94, and the Republican Progress for 1885-87. Unfortunately, the bound volume of the Telephone for 1885, which is said to contain an account of the founding of Independent, is missing from the Eecorder's office. Because of the broken files, the collocation for any one school year is not necessarily a criterion of the Society's comparative activity during that period. There are other rea- sons, also. The editor has purposely given more space to the references of the latter eighties be- cause of their greater historical significance and in- terest, while only a few of the recent allusions could be included. Again, newspaper notoriety is often- times dependent upon politics. If Independent were fortunate politically in securing editorial or staff positions, her name gets frequent 'honorable men- tion. ' The opposite fact also obtains. Hence some of the years are eomparatively barren of press no- tice. [57] Independent Literary Society Hesperian Society [composed of women stu- dents] seems to be unruffled by factions. It is only in the Philomathean that the fraternities enter into deadly combat — Student, Nov., 1884. The scuffle which recently took place between the two literary societies was in every sense a dis- grace to those engaging in it. It is strange how such a spirit of madness can ever possess a body of young men who, on ordinary occasions, are credited with enough thought and dignity to take care of themselves ; but true it is, that when once they en- gage in disorderly conduct there is a spirit of ri- valry among them in committing the most reckless deeds. There ought to be enough soberness and enough regard for the interests of the societies, if no higher reason, to quit these barbarous habits. — Student, Feb., 1885. During the Spring term the literary societies invariably lag, decline and decay. This is far from being as it should be. In order to carry them on with as much success as attends them during the first and second terms, it is necessary to forego the pleasures incident to this season of the year, and also to redouble your diligence. You cannot now estimate, probably, what is lost by this annual indif- ference to the literary societies. Another detri- [58] Side Lights from the Press ment to society work, we may here mention, is the placing of entertainments on the evening for so- ciety meetings. We hope this practice will be dis- eontinned. — Editorial, Student, April, 1885. The new literary society is named the Inde- pendent. It is composed strictly of anti-frats and has a membership of about thirty-six. Morrison is President; Miss Kate Shannon, Secretary; Mal- colm, yice President, and Miss Diven, Treasurer. — Student, Dec, 1885. Goss, Stewart, Malcolm, et al., have resigned from Athenian and are now comer-stones of the In- dependent. — Student, Jan., 1886. Spiking for the Independents has begun. The inducements offered are the low initiation fee, etc. —Student, April, 1886. Now that the long spring days are coming and the college campus is so inviting, work in the lit- erary societies is neglected. ... In Hesper a new program has been adopted and has proved tolerably successful. Some magazine, Bar per' 8, the Cen- tury, or the Atlantic, is selected, and reviews of the articles are given by different memhern.— Student, May, 1886. [59] Independent Literary Society The address to the literary societies Monday evening by Hon. W. C. Taylor, 77, of Indianapolis, was well attended. His subject was the 'Common Man, ' as he influences civilization and the progress of nations. . . . The literary societies have not been over-suc- cessful this year. Indeed it has been a question with several members whether they have not run their course of usefulness. Very little, if any, in- terest has been taken in literary work during the past two years ; and this is the basis on which they were organized, and on which they should stand or fall. Philo has become almost completely dor- mant; Hesper is nothing more than a fraternity under a different name; Athenian has lost her old-time vigor and lives only for public honors and past records; Independent does not succeed as a literary society, but as a factional organization. Fraternities, and this includes Independent, have monopolized what literary work has been done and left the so-called literary societies only faction- al strife. The societies will either have to reor- ganize next year with a determination to do much better, or they will have to go to the wall. — Tele- phone, June 11, 1886. [601 Side Lights from the Press INDEPENDENT VALEDICTORY Seniors of Independent Society : It has fallen to my lot to say a few words of farewell to you, and as I glance back over the time intervening since first we met together, I see little to regret and much that is gratifying. Independ- ent Society needs no apology, nor shall I offer any encomium. Its days have been few. The course of its origin you all Imow. The events which have at- tended its progress have been such as follow in the wake of any organization in its struggle for recog- nition under similar circumstances. Its object is true literary advancement. How far it has at- tained to this, the record testifies, and I desire to let it speak for itself. I know you will join me in saying, that to its friends it returns heartfelt grati- tude, for its opponents it entertains a wholesome spirit of rivalry, and for its enemies, if there be any, it cherishes a feeling of compassion. You, our Senior members, have been with the Society in all the hopes and fears of its childhood. Your work has been well done. We have been cheered by your presence and benefited by your precepts. For your reward, we trust your train- ing, in the short time you have aided us and im- proved yourselves, shall return you nothing but good in the world which you ^re now entering. . . . In such I, perhaps, have had less experi- [61] Independent Literary Society ence than you. I would that I could give you some parting word which would inspire you to live pure and noble lives. I cannot unroll any scroll of the past, and recount to you the heroes and the heroines who have won honor and fame, whose inspiration came from the classic walls of Independent Hall. We have neither the mighty of the past, nor have we the hall. But we live for the future, not in the past. As to the hall, we leave that to a gen- erous power behind the throne. In regard to the names on our future roll of honor, yours will head the list. First in time, who knows but first in honor? Whether this be true or not, let your lives, directed and controlled by the forces here acquired, be such that when the roll shall be called in that great society of which all are members, you will be able to answer, ' ' Present. ' ' When new oc- casions arise, be ever prepared, and cheerfully yet faithfully perform the new duties which they teach. Inasmuch as you have been faithful in your college work, you deserve at this commence- ment praise and reward therefor. So may your life's work be such that, at the great final day, you shall each receive a welcome plaudit and an eternal diploma as the seal of a life well spent. This I bring to you as Independent's highest wish, and in its name, bid you farewell. — E. B. Stewart, Studmt, July, 1886. [62] Side Lights from the Press Independent Society has added a very fine car- pet to their new hall. It is Bmssels and was put down at a cost of $140.00. The hall is the room formerly occupied by the President in the old Col- lege ^mldimg,— Telephone, Sept. 28, 1886. Mitchell, Moon and Davisson have joined In- dependent. — Telephone, Oct. 8, 1886. Starbuck and Kinzie are the latest additions to Independent. So far Independent has the call on the new students. — Telephone, Oct. 12, 1886. There is talk of a new literary society that will resemble Independent, only that the restric- tion clause against fraternities will be omitted. Both ladies and gentlemen to be eligible.* — Tele- phone, Oct. 22, 1886. Misses Fry and Davisson were elected members of Independent at its last meeting. The Society now numbers about thirty-five members — more than any other literary society. — Telephone, Nov. 9, 1886.*^ The Independents have fitted up their hall in first-class style, the latest addition being a fine piano. — Student, Nov., 1886. ♦Afterwards Union Literary Society. Men only, however, were eligible to mem- bership. [63] Independent Literary Society Athenian Society is up in arms because the In- dependent Society did feloniously^ seize, take, and carry away a large number of its best chairs, and place them in Independent hall. There has as yet been no bloodshed, however. Later. — The chairs have been returned, and Peace has returned to her old roosts. — (Sen. Ed.) Independent is conscience-stricken at having robbed a graveyard.— (Jun. Ed.) — Student, Nov., 1886, ^ ^ J. R. Brill was elected a member of Independ- ent at their last meeting. Another Athenian gone wrong. — Telephone, Nov. 16, 1886. The first anniversary exercises of Independent Literary Society were held in the society hall last Saturday evening. The hall was crowded to its utmost capacity and the exercises were all of high order. The first oration, 'The Other Side,' was given by Miss Logan. She criticized the undue praise so often bestowed upon our newspapers and public schools without consideration. 'In politics the Prohibitionists occupy this position, and unless their views are embodied in the platform of other parties their mission is ended.' The next speaker was J. H. Shea, subject, 'Socialism.' He said: 'Socialism is one of the evil tendencies of Ameri- (*an life. Prom sor^ialisra grows anarchism. [641 Side Lights from the Press Henry George, the recent socialistic candidate for Mayor of New York City, a man of brilliancy and genius, is its most vigorous advocate. His Prog- ress and Poverty in the hands of working- men has created discord and discontent. "When more than 60,000 sovereign men deliberately cast their votes for this man, is there not need for alarm?' The last exercise was ^A Political Sur- "^^y/ by D. K. Goss. Mr. Goss has already made a record as a writer, and this production was no exception. In the course of his speech he said: 'We want no more factions, but two parties that believe something on every essential question, with leaders honest enough and fearless enough to say what they believe, and strong enough to lift us out of this political mobbishness, out of this quagmire of lethargy and uncertainty, and give us a chance to cast a ballot that means yes or no on vital ques- tions of affairs. ' A feature of the evening was the excellent music furnished by Mr. Pauley, Mrs. Henley, Mrs. Allen, and Misses Turner and Lowe, under the direction of Prof. Naylor. Whether or not Independent has gained her object — literary and social culture — the exercises of the evening will attef^t—Telephone, Nov, 16, 1886. Miss Grimsley joined Independent at their last meeting. The new Society is proving all that is claimed for it.—Tplevho7ie, Dec. 7. 1886. [m] Independent Literary Society Athenian is dead. Peace to her ashes. — Student, Jan. 30, 1887. The following officers have been elected by In- dependent Society: D. K. Goss, President; E. E. Starbuck, Vice President; Miss Davisson, Secre- tary.— TeZep/ione, Feb. 15, 1887. The literary societies have disagreed as to who shall preside at the anniversary tonight, and the Philo, Athenian, and Union Societies will hold their exercises in the opera house, and Independ- ent at its own hall, both factions being refused the chapel unless they could unite. At the opera house the orchestra will be present. — Telephone, Feb. 22, 1887. Independent will divide her members into three divisions for literary work instead of two. She has thirty-five members. — Telephone, Mar. 8, 1887. Independent elected officers last Saturday night with the following result: President, Miss Myrta Logan; Vice President, Miss Kate Shannon; Sec- retary, Miss Test— Telephone, Mar. 29, 1887. All the literary societies will join, as is the usual custom, in celebrating Washington's Birth- 1^6] Side Lights from the Press day next Tuesday night in the college chapel. Everybody turn out and hear the eloquent flow of oratory. Hesperian will be represented by Josie Pittman; Philomathean, Jos. Strickland; Inde- pendent, Mr. Davisson : Athenian, Frank Axtell ; Union, U. J. QviMh.— Telephone, Feb. 18, 1887. The announcement was made in chapel last Tuesday morning that the work done in literary societies would secure full credit in the Depart- ment of Composition. This will greatly increase the membership in the societies, and will be an in- centive to better work. It is the duty of ever^^ student now to join some literary society. — Tele- phone, Sept. 30, 1887. For a year or two literary work at the Uni- versity has been somewhat neglected, and as a natural result some of the literary societies have been remiss in their duty. This year all the liter- ary societies open up with an enthusiasm that promises to restore them to their former excel- lence. ... Athenian* has not been an exception, and the low ebb of literary affairs bore her along with it. Her membership became greatly decreased, and her quality of work became much inferior to that which had so long distinguished her. ♦Athenian's membership at this time was fifteen. Initiation fee, lower classmen, $2.00; Seniors, $1.00. [67] Independent Literary Society Like the Athenian, Philo* has much to amend for her past conduct. Hesper,f we regret to say, has not yet been revived by the literary boom. This should not be. Young ladies need training in literary work of this kind as well as young men. We would rejoice to see some active, energetic young ladies restore this society to its former glory. . . . As is well known to all the old students, the Union Literary Society was founded during the previous year by a number of energetic men, who wanted to do literary work. . . . Independent begins with an active membership of thirty-seven. The following is the list of new members: Misses Harbison and Breckenridge, Messrs. Hayworth, Brown, Haggerty, Freese, Stewart, Lindley, Groninger, Helvie, Wells, and StuU. Judging from the character of work al- ready done, the Independent will have a prosper- ous year. — Editorial, Student, Oct., 1887. The first college literary performance was given in the Old College chapel on Friday evening, October 14. The program was long, consisting of eleven productions, but was interesting in the ex- tTeme4—8tude7it, Nov., 1887. •Twenty members. Fees, $2.00 first year, and $1.00 each succeeding year. fHesperian was the girls' society. Athenian and Philomathean were for men only. ^Messrs. Shea and Starbuck represented Independent. Shea spoke on 'Why I am a Democrat'; Starbuck, on 'Prohibition.* [68] Side Lights from the Press The second anniversary of Independent Lit- erary Society will be celebrated next Saturday evening at their hall in the Prep. Building [Old College] . Following is the program : Essay, Miss Breekenridge ; Oration, E. M. Wells; Essay, Miss Eyan; Oration, E. E. Starbuck. — Telephone^ Nov. 18, 1887. Independent initiated three new^ members last Saturday night — Griggs. Harding, CruU. — Tele- phone, Dec. 13, 1887. Athenian Society has received a new impetus. On the evening of December 9th a splendid meet- ing was held, and some fine essays and declama- tions were rendered. — Student, Dec, 1887. A. W. Moon is a member of Independent. — Telephone, Jan. 17, 1888. Meek is an Independent. — Telephone, Jan. 24, 1888. The Special will begin at eight o'clock tonight. The following program will be given: Oration 'Evil Effects of Immigration,' W. Robertson 'Our Modem Land Reformer,' J. L. Mitchell Essay, 'The Progress of Woman,' Creed Myers Declamation, 'The Chariot Race' (from Ben Hur), Ella Ryan; Discussion, 'Which is Right [69] Independent Literary Society on the Surplus Tariff — Blaine or Cleveland?' Messrs. Moon and Moffett. — Telephone, Feb. 14, 1888. The twenty-second of February will be cele- brated this year by the literary societies. Athe- nian, Union, Philo, and Independent will each have a representative. Willard Robertson of Athenian will preside. The subjects are all appropriate to the patriotic occasion. Mr. Ireland will speak on * Washington, ' Mr. French on 'The Principles of the Revolution,' Mr. Brill on 'Jefferson and Re- publicanism, ' Mr. Owen on ' Hamilton and Nation- ality. ' With this list of subjects and speakers a good entertainment may be expected. A com- mendable spirit of harmony exists among all the societies, and college circles will turn out to hear their representatives on this worthy occasion. Good music may be expected. — Telephone, Feb. 21, 1888. _____ Independent Society, recognizing the fact that 'music has power to soothe the barbarian,' has purchased a grand piano for use in the Society halL Although the Society was organized less than three years ago, it has the most numerous mem- bership of any society in the University. Its mem- bers are in earnest, and it expects to continue in its career of usefulness in Indiana University. — Telephone, Feb. 24, 1888. [70] Side Lights from the Press LITERARY WORK* In tlie society halls good literary work is done. Philomathean started out this year with a deter- mination to do something, and she has admirably succeeded. She has now a good membership and is doing excellent work. ITnion and Athenian have been combined under the name of Union- Athenian. This union promises to bring about good results. The membership is very large, and it contains some of the best men in college. The union was made February 24th and since then the meetings have been flattering. Philomathean and Union- Athenian will hold their annual contest this term. Quite a spirit of rivalry is manifested on the part of both societies, and they will do their best. Independ- ent is essentially different from all the other socie- ties. It is composed of non-fraternity students, both ladies and gentlemen. In almost every way Independent's work has been a success. She of- fers splendid advantages in literary training to those students that are not members of some fra- ternity. Independent has purchased a new piano this jQ^T, —Student, March, 1888. Independent has an excellent quartette com- posed of the following members: First tenor, * An article written by Howard L. Wilson in reply to Mr. R. F. Hight's ' Decline of the Literary Societies,' referred to in the History proper. [71] Independent Literary Society Perigo ; 2nd tenor, Brill ; 1st bass, Remsburg ; 2nd bass, Starbuck. Also a whistling quartette com- posed as follows : Davisson, Groninger, Starbuck, and Harding. — Telephone, Mar. 6, 1888. Independent elected the following officers at the regular meeting on Saturday evening: Presi- dent, J. R. Brill ; Vice President, J. H. Hayworth ; Secretary, Miss Frances Otto. C. E. Remsburg was elected valedictorian, and Miss Kate Shannon, respondent.^ — Telephone, Mar. 27, 1888. The literary societies will offer a series of prizes next year, the only condition being that the contestants shall be members of one of the literary societies. The contests will be as follows: First, Declamation to be given the first term : 1st prize, $10.00; 2nd, $5.00; 3rd, $2.50. Second, Essay: 1st prize, $25.00; 2d, $10.00; 3d, $5.00. Third, Ora- tion: 1st prize, $40.00; 2d, $20.00; 3d, $10.00. It is hoped that this will have a good effect on the work in the literary societies. — Telephone, April 3, 1888. On Saturday evening Independent will give a special program devoted to Indiana authors. Our faculty will be given due consideration. — Tele- phone, April 18, 1888. [72] Side Lights from the Press The temperance program given by Independ- ent Society was very interesting. Short and ap- propriate speeches were made by Prof. Woodburn and several other members of the *Y' who were present. — Telephone, May 15, 1888. At the meeting on Saturday evening, Independ- ent elected the f ollo\\dng officers : President, J. H. Shea; Vice President, H. C. Kinsey; Secretary, Miss Breckenridge ; Treasurer, W. E. Lindley; chorister. C. E. Remsburg. — Telephone, May 15, 1888. The following is the program of the Vale- dictory exercises of the literary societies, Friday, June 1st : Union- Athenian, Fred S. Monical, ' The Eailway Problem'; Response, J. F. Thornton; In- dependent, Charles E. Remsberg, 'Before'; Re- sponse, Miss Kate Shannon; Philomathean, Bert Fesler, 'A New Sectionalism'; Response, W. E. Golden. Music by Miss Florence McKee and Wall Faxdey.— Telephone, May 24, 1888. The members of Independent will tender a re- ception to the Independent members of the Senior class on Wednesday evening. Seven members of the Senior class are members of Independent, viz. : Misses Myrta Logan, Lotta Lowe, Kate Shannon, [73] Independent Literary Society Jennie T. Fry, Haidee Nuckols, and Messrs. W. L. Morrison and Ralph Jones. — Telephone, May 29, 1888. The following names were presented for mem- bership and accepted at the meeting on Saturday evening: Misses Emma Brooks and Agnes Shea, Messrs. C. M. Carpenter, J. T. Perigo, W. M. Woods, W. T. Pinkerton, A. L. Foley and E. In- man. — Telephone, 1888. Independent has a membership of 35. — Tele- phone, Oct. 5, 1888. The following officers were elected at Inde- pendent last Saturday evening: President, C. E. Remsberg; Vice President, Bert Stewart; Secre- tary. Miss Agnes Shea. — Telephone, Oct. 12, 1888. The following program was given at Inde- pendent's anniversary on Saturday evening: Quar- tette, Messrs. Perigo, Remsberg, Trent and Star- buck. Paper, ^ Birds in the Night,' S. B. Hard- ing. Instrumental solo. Miss McMahon. Oration, W. E. Lindley, 'Sociability.' Solo, Miss Florence McKee. Paper, Miss Alice Test, * Nathan the Wise.' Oration, Eph Inman, 'Independent So- ciety.' After the literary program was given, a [74] Side Lights from the Press short business meeting was held, during which the following persons were admitted to membership : Misses Eogers, Brown and Williamson, and Messrs. Chambers, Todd, Holtzman, Morris, Patton and Test. Prof, and Mrs. Boone, Prof, and Mrs. At- water. Prof, and Mrs. Swain, and Prof, and Mrs. Green were visitors, as well as many students and members of the Society. Two handsome, gilt- framed pictures of President and Mrs. Garfield were presented to the Society by J. C. Trent and J. H. ^he^i.— Telephone, Nov. 23, 1888. Independent elected the following officers at the last meeting: President, E. H. Griggs; Vice President, R. A. Trees; Secretary, Miss Mattie Wylie.— Telephone, Nov. 27, 1888. The declamation contest of last Thursday even- ing was the event of the term in college circles. It was the best and most entertaining contest that has been held for several years. Great enthusiasm had been excited among the members of the dif- ferent societies, each one confident in the success of his favorite, and the contest and the decisions were awaited with great expectancy. The societies represented were Union-Athenian, Philo and Inde- pendent. About 350 persons gave the contestants the benefit of their presence, and a finer audience [75] Independent Literary Society to listen and to appreciate has not been assembled in the chapel. At 7 :40 the following program was initiated by the entrance of the contestants, who to this time had not been known by the audience Music, 0. Klopsch; 'Our Folks,' D. W. Foster 'Death-Bed of Benedict Arnold,' U. H. Smith 'Peaceable Secession,' W. H, Bloss; 'Regulus to the Carthaginians,' L. H. Kepler; Violin Solo, 0. Hopsch; 'The Land of Penn,' W. H. James; 'Strewing Flowers on the Soldiers' Graves,' J. H. Ward; 'The Vagabond,' C. M. Hubbard; Comet Solo, J. M. Stewart; 'Pyramids not all Egyptian,' M. U. Johnson; 'Old Times and New,' L. Holtz- man; 'Brier Rose,' Miss Ella Ryan; Piano Solo. 0. Klopsch; Decision of Judges. W. A. Musset, president of Philo, was the graceful presiding officer of the meeting. The Judges, Rev. S. R. Lyons, Miss Laura Hendricks, and Prof. A. B. Philputt, awarded the first prize, $10.00 in gold, to C. M. Hubbard of Jay County ; second prize, $5.00 in gold, to Miss Ella Ryan, of Bloomington ; the third prize, $2.50 in gold, to U. H. Smith, of Monroe County. Mr. Hubbard is a member of Philo Society and of the Phi Gamma Delta fraternity; Miss Ryan is a member of Inde- pendent society, the Barb organization ; Mr. Smith is a member of Philo and of the Phi Gamma Delta fraternity. The literary societies wish to express their appreciation of the work done by Profs. 1761 Side Lights from the Press Hoffman, Naylor and Campbell, the Faculty Com- mittee on Contests, who had charge of this contest and did much toward making it the success it was. Also, the patronage and presence of the faculty was a great inspiration and contributed largely to the satisfaction of the societies with the success of their eontest,— Telephone, Dec. 11, 1888. A very interesting special program was given at Independent last Saturday evening, devoted to the life, character, and writings of Ralph Waldo Emerson. Profs. Boone and Green were present and gave interesting talks. — Telephone^ Dec. 14, 1888. ' Miss Ella Ryan was installed president of In- dependent last Saturday evening. — Telephone, Feb. 12, 1889. Washington's Birthday will be celebrated by Independent and Union- Athenian the 22d by a public performance in the chapel. — Telephone, Feb. 12, 1889. The declamation contest, open to the members of the various literars^ societies, occurred on Fri- day evening, Dec. 6. The following is the pro- gram : L77:i Independent Literary Society Music — Violin Solo Miss Maud Lemon 'The Battle of Waterloo' Byron Mr. Paul H. Grumman. 'The Debating Society' E. J. Hall Mr. Charles Stoltz. ' Herculaneum ' Atherstone W. T. Patten. Music — ^Vocal Duet Messrs. D. H. Maxwell and L. H, Reed. ' The Famine ' Longfellow Miss A. L. Mosemiller. ' Vashti ' Julia Dorr Miss Anna M. Demaree. Music — Vocal Solo Prof. D. H. Campbell The various productions called forth a delivery ranging from modest enunciation to dramatic ges- ticulation, but on the whole gave evidence of very good training. The first prize was awarded to Mr. Stoltz, the second to Miss Mosemiller, and the third to Miss Demaree. — Student, Dec, 1889. Independent Society now supports a weekly paper. Starbuck edited a recent number that showed considerable ability. Interesting articles on prohibition, high license, and local option were contributed. — Student ^ Mar., 1890. The work of this Society [Independent] com- menced on the first Saturday evening after the [78] Side Lights from the Press opening of college with an earnestness which promises unparalleled success. Regular pro- grams, supplemented by instrumental and vocal music, have been rendered from the beginning. Music has always been one of the principal fea- tures of this Society, and, if we may judge by the musical talent found among her present members, it will play a more important part in the work of the Society in the future than it has in the past. Quite a number of new students have joined the Society this year w^ho evince the same ear- nestness, common among the previous members, which makes literary work a success. The Society is always pleased to have visitors, and many new students have availed themselves of this opportunity, not only to learn something of the literary work of the University, but to become acquainted with each other. — Editorial, Student, Oct., 1891. The anniversary of Independent was celebrated Nov. 14. An excellent program was given, in which each class participated. Mr. J. W. Bray, post-graduate; Mr. C. L. Holtzman, Senior; Mr. J. M. Stewart, Sophomore, and Miss Jennie Mc- Dill, Freshman, were the class representatives. The musical features of the program consisted of ^America,' by the audience; ^ Speed Away,' by Messrs. Bray, Yoder, Gaertner and Ashby; 'Even- [TO] Independent Literary Society ing Song to the Virgin,' by Misses Hamilton and Griggs; and an instrumental selection, 'Moonlight on the Hudson, ' by Miss Hamilton. After the ex- ercises a social served as a happy close to the en- tertainment. — Student, Nov. 9, 1891. On Hallowe'en night the Independent Literary Society let loose and, instead of the regular, pre- sented a very novel special program, consisting of originals and scenes from various plays, sublime and ridiculous, given by members in costume. It was an interesting diversion. — Student, Nov., 1891. The celebration of the literary societies last Monday evening in honor of Washington's Birth- day was not very well attended. Each of the lit- erary societies was represented. Kepner spoke for Century, Holloman for Independent, Miss Wilson for the Forum, and Miss Althouse for Philoma- thean. The productions were all of an appropri- ate nature. The law students attended in a body, and paid honor to the Forum representative, and the only lady law specialist in the West, by fre- quent and hearty applause. — Student, Feb., 1892. Independent Literary Society, composed of lady and gentlemen students who are not members of secret college orders, has opened its ninth year under promising conditions. From this Society [80] Side Lights from the Press have gone out many of the strongest graduates of Indiana University, and it has been eminently suc- cessful in accomplishing its object, the literary and social culture of its members. Its present officers are: Walter M. Wood, President; James A. Gor- don, Vice President; Lola F. Hamilton, Chorister. The members now number twenty. Regular meet- ings are held at the hall, east room, first floor, Old College, every Saturday evening at 7:30 o'clock. All students and friends are cordiall}'^ invited to attend any and all meetings. — Student, Oct., 1892. Independent and Century Literary Societies have made an agreement whereby they exchange workers once every two weeks, one member from each Society giving a performance in the other. The plan tlius far has proved very satisfactory. —Student, Feb., 1893. The evening of March 16th, Independent Lit- erary Society gave a social in honor of Mr. Schaerger and Miss Ramsey, who will not be in col- lege this term. — Student, April, 1893. Independent Ijiterary Society gave a reception to new students, April 1. The hall was beautifully decorated with flowers, and excellent music was rendered. About forty guests were present. A fine social time was had, and elegant refreshments were served. — Studevt^ April, 1893. [81] Independent Literary Society LITERAET SOCIETY BANQUET One of the pleasant events of the year was the union banquet given June 7, by the Independent and Century Literary Societies. These non-fra- ternity Societies are the only literary societies of the University. Independent hall was pleasingly decorated with flowers. The guests began to arrive about 8 :00 p.m. . . . There were about one hundred six per- sons present. Besides the members of the societies, there were representatives from the faculty and each fraternity. About ten o'clock they marched into the chapel room, where refreshments were served, after which the foUo^^dng toasts were given, Dr. Boone acting as toastmaster : ' The Freshmen, ' by I. N. Warren of the Freshmen class ; ' Our Seniors, ' by Mary Cox of the Sophomore class; ^The Independent Man,' by Finley Geiger of the Junior class; ^The World in Miniature,' by W. F. Harding of the Senior class; 'Value of Literary Societies,' by Walter M. Wood of the Senior class ; ' The Eating House,' by Mrs. Boone; 'The Senior and the Fac- ulty,' by 0. D. Richardson, representative of the fraternities; 'After Burns — A Farewell to Inde- pendent,' by Prof. Griggs. Music was furnished by Misses Hamilton and IMount. — Student, June, 1893. [82] - . , Side Lights from the Press The program of Independent on last Saturday evening consisted of a series of biographical sketches of famous authors. This was a change from the regular form of program and was much appreciated by the audience. — World, Mar. 15, 1894. The Independents gave a very pleasant enter- tainment in their hall Friday evening, a number of the members of the faculty being guests. There were speeches, songs, and recitations, and light re- freshments were served. — Telephone, April 3, 1894. The following persons have lately been added to the roll of Independent: Messrs. Juday, Wm. Smith, Hagler, Heironemous, Misses Benedict and WirAtedi.— Student, May 1, 1894. Independent has added the names of the fol- lowing new students to its rolls since the opening of school: Miss Alice Smith, Messrs. J. W. Keim and J. ^mith..— Telephone, Oct. 9, 1894. Independent elected the following officers Sat- urday evening : President, Mary Cox ; Vice Presi- dent, Mr. Redmond; Chorister, Miss Wasmuth. — Student, Oct., 1894. The Independent Society gave a Holmes pro- gram Saturday night. — Student, Nov. 6, 1894. [83] Independent Literary Society The celebration of the ninth anniversary of In- dependent Literary Society was an enjoyable oc- casion to the members and their many visitors. As was expected, the attendance was large, the seating capacity of the hall being taxed to its limits. The literary exercises of the evening, which were but a part of the program, — a large part being taken up in social chat — were brief and interesting. The program was as follows: Piano Solo, Elizabeth Wasmuth; Story, E. C. Crampton; Solo, Charles Chambers; Declamation, Letitia Dickson; Piano Solo, Minnie Ridenour; Poem, Edith B. Wright ; Piano Solo, Otto Klopsch ; Ora- tion, S. K. Ganiard; Song by the Quartette. Some of the ablest members of the society were included among the performers, but their work was not, as the occasion warranted, superior to that ordinarily done by them at the regular meeting, excepting, perhaps, the music. The ^ Story' was not a story, but a narrative admirable for its rich rhythmical flow, but somewhat lacking in point and lucidness. The declamation was rendered in a full and ten- der tone, the effect of which was impaired by the lack of variation. The poem contained good sen- timent, but was mechanical in its structure and made to appear more so by the low drawl of the reader's voice. The oration appeared to be forced for the occasion. Its style was sophomorical, and the orator's erestures were ill chosen. These de- [84] Side Lights from the Press fects were compensated for, however, by the speaker's clear enunciation and impressive bear- ing. The music was all of high order. Mr. Klopsch's solo was considered superior to anything heard in the hall by present members. — Student, Nov. 20, 1894. The Century Literary Society will render its anniversary program next Saturday evening. In- dependent Society mil not convene for the regular work, but will attend the Century meeting in a hodiy,— Student, Dec. 13, 1894. Independent has recently added the names of Messrs. W. A. Hamilton, A. C. McGregor, and Miss Fannie Reed. — Student, Jan. 29, 1895. The following program will be given in Inde- pendent Hall, Saturday evening, Feb. 9th : Music, Elizabeth Wasmuth; Story, Mary Cox; Recitation, 0. E. Hagler; Paper, E. P. Dodd; Declamation, Flora Spencer; Reading, Mr. Orme; Declamation, Mr. Stokesberry; Oration, Mr. Rector; Paper, C. Juday; Declamation, E. C. Crampton; Music, Miss Wasmuth. Debate : Affirmative, Wm. Smith, J. A. Shafer; Negative, J. A. Smith, A. B. Price. — Stu- dent, Feb. 5, 1895. Independent Literary Society will give a so- cial Wednesday evening. — Student, Nov. 26, 1895. [85] Independent Literary Society The Independent Literary Society lias added the following persons to its membership : Mr. Hamilton, and Misses Youse, Foy, Freeman, Cass, McNab, and Bowers. — Student, Feb. 4, 1895. Miss Powell of Lima is a new Independent. — Student, Oct. 28, 1896. The Independent boys and a few friends have been invited to hold converse with spirits in Inde- pendent hall on Hallowe'en. Mrs. Knipp and Mrs. Warren are announced as mediums. — Student, Oct., 1896. Independent has been amending her constitu- tion. The old order of program has been replaced by a new one which bids fair to greatly elevate the standard of literary work. A system of general balloting has also been substituted for the former membership committee. — Student, Oct. 28, 1896. Independent Literary Society celebrated her eleventh anniversary Saturday evening. The So- ciety was founded Nov. 14, 1885, and has passed eleven years of usefulness and success. Represen- tatives of various organizations and several mem- bers of the faculty were present. The program consisted of : Piano Solo, Miss Hamilton ; History of Independent, Miss Porch; Declamation, Miss [86] Side Lights from the Press Robinson; Story, W. D. Dodcl; Piano Solo, Miss Hamilton; Society Prophecy, Mr. Stokesberry; Duet, Misses Wasmuth and Powell. — Student, Nov. 25, 1896. Independent entertained at a Senior social Satur- day evening. — Student, June 5, 1897. Messrs. Wright and Harrold, and Miss Ethel Strong are the latest Independents. — Student, Oct. 23, 1897. Independent Literary Society will present a special program at their hall next Saturday even- ing at 7:45 o'clock. The occasion is the twelfth anniversary of the founding of the Society. — Student, Nov. 10, 1897. Last Saturday night the Century and Inde- pendent Literary Societies held a joint debate in the Century hall at the Old College building. The result was a victory for the Century team. The question debated was, 'Resolved, that the minority system of representation be adopted in choosing national, state, and municipal legislative bodies.' The affirmative was presented by Messrs. Bald- win, Waldschmidt, and Haggerty for the Inde- pendent Society; the negative by Messrs. Raber, Wasmuth, and Lewis for the Century Club. Pro- fessor Griffith presided. The .judges were Drs. [87] Independent Literary Society Weatherly and Fetter and Hon. J. B. Wilson. — Student. Mar. 2, 1898. The Independent Literary Society will hold open meeting in their new hall on South College Avenue Saturday ni^U,— Student, Sept. 29, 1898. Independent elected the following officers for the ensuing term: President, E. C. Crampton; Vice President, Ross Lockridge; Secretary, Miss Margaret Wood; Treasurer, H. L. Hall; Chorister, Miss Elsie Shockley; Critic, W. H. Stout.— Student, Nov. 28, 1898. Clayton R. Wise is a new member of Independ- ent Literary Society. — Student, Mar. 12, 1903. Independent has made arrangements to picnic on Bean Blossom tomorrow. All who like to fish should go prepared for a big catch. — Student, May 22, 1903. Independent elected officers last night. J. H. White was re-elected President, Will A. Banta was elected Vice President, Miss Lena Stiles, Secretary, and 0. B. Sperlin, GvitiQ,— Student, May, 1903. Independent Literary Society entertained about fifteen guests Saturday evening in their new rooms [88] Side Lights from the Press on North Walnut street. Most of the evening was given Tip to social features and the program was accordingl}^ shortened. President Bobbitt in a brief inaugural address told of the Society and its present doings and intentions. C. W. Claw^son read an original story, and L. H. Dirks told a well- tu.rned anecdote. The musical numbers were es- pecially good, consisting of a piano solo by Miss Stoneking, a song by Chester Harmeson and a cor- net solo by Mr. TLiYL.— Student, Oct., 1904. GOSS MEMORIAL Independent Literary Society held a special meeting Saturday evening in memory of David K. Goss, who died in Germany a short time since. Mr. Goss was one of the founders of Independent nine- teen years ago. His brilliant public life, and the esteem in which he was held by men whose esteem is valuable, made his death an event worthy of more than passing notice in its sad significance. The program rendered was as follows : Piano Solo Miss Sims Reading from Scriptures President Bobbitt Address Dr. Bryan Vocal Solo— 'Rock of Ages' ,Miss Teal Address Dr. Aley Quartette— ^ Still Still With Thee' Messrs. Hill, Harmeson, Teter, and Baker [89] Independent Literary Society President Bryan spoke with high praise of the many public services rendered by Mr. Goss, and mth deep feeling of his tragic death. He praised the aggressive, practical spirit of the man. Mr. Goss used to say that the right idea is to get the maximum result from the minimum outlay. ^America/ he said, 4s a land of waste.' He was a fighter and an uncompromising critic. He made enemies by these characteristics, but he was always on the side of essential righteousness, and the slan- der that was raised against him died away in the face of investigation. His power as a public speaker was tremendous; his combinations of sentences were thunderbolts. President Bryan's talk was singularly free from conventional phrase of eulogy and mourning; he spoke naturally and simply of a man whom he had intimately known and for whose loss he sincerely grieved. Dr. Aley was associated with Mr. Goss in his college days, and as a charter member of Independ- ent. He recalled the enterprising public spirit of Mr. Goss as a student. ' If a meeting of the faculty closed at two o'clock,' he said, ^you could see Goss at two-thirty and find out what had hap- pened at the meeting. If any political faction wanted to find out what another one had done at a caucus the night before, Goss was the man to see. I never could quite understand how he did it, he seemed to know just where to find things, just [90] Side Lights from the Press what man to approach for what he wanted to know. He probably knew more of the citizens of Bloom- ington than any man in college.' Mr. Gross, Dr. Aley went on to say, was always among the foremost in any reform in his line of work. The school building at Lebanon, Indiana, is one of the very earliest modern school buildings in the state, and is a monument of a movement set on foot by Mr. Goss when he w^as superintend- ent of schools there. Dr. Aley recalled some powerful speeches made by Mr. Goss as a student. One, an effort to se- cure recognition for Independent in the State Oratorical Association, was a brilliant example of extemporaneous speaking ; another, which won first, without dissenting opinion, in a public contest was a no less brilliant example of more studied ora- tory.— S'^ifc^eni^, Oct. 17, 1904. Independent entertained more than a hundred invited guests at their hall on North Walnut street Saturday night. The principal event of the evening was the short farce entitled ^ Don't Judge by Appearances.' The play was something of the nature of a try-out, not one of the persons in the cast ever having ap- peared on the stage before. The play succeeded beyond all expectations, Miss Wilson and Mr. Claw- [91] Independent Literary Society son especially displaying distinct dramatic talent, and not one of the others doing his role badly. For the past three j^ears Independent has given a good deal of attention to the drama, presenting at least one play a term to an invited audience. According to President Bobbitt, the society suf- fered a severe loss, dramatically, when White, Wood, Beals, and Livengood left college last year. But from the work of the novices Saturday night, it was the common opinion that their places would be filled in time. After the regular program, the hall was cleared of chairs and a general good time was had, cul- minating in a grand march. — Student, Dec. 3, 1904. Independent held an informal reception yester- day afternoon at four o'clock in honor of Senator Ganiard and wife, who have been visiting here for a few days. The Senator has just proved himself a good friend to the University by his ac- tion when the appropriation bill was about to be killed in the Senate. Mr. and Mrs. Ganiard were both Indiana students, class 1897, and were both members of Independent. Mr. Ganiard told some interesting reminiscences of his college days. His i^marks were lit up by unexpected flashes of humor and made impressive by growing feeling. Mrs. Ganiard found her chief interest in speak- ing of the matrimonial tendency at Indiana in [92] Side Lights from the Press 1897. Six couples from Independent alone were married soon after the commencement of that year. These six conples now scattered over the state keep up a ^circular letter' correspondence. Mr. and Mrs. Ramsey of this city are included in this circle. Dr. Aley and wife, Prof. Davisson, Dr. Foley and wife, and several other alumni of Mr. Ganiard's time were present. — Student, April, 1905. The Independent Literary Society of Indiana University closed a three-day celebration this morn- ing, which marked the twentieth anniversary of its organization. In November, 1885, David K. Goss, who afterward was superintendent of the schools of Indianapolis, and E. B. Stewart, now a prom- inent pastor of Chicago, and about twenty others organized the Independent society, and it at once took rank as a strong opponent and competitor of the Greek Letter organizations. It has numbered among its membership many men and women who are prominent in the social, political and profes- sional lives of the State. A large number of the alumni of the organi- zation were present, among whom are the follow- ing: The Rev. E. B. Stewart, Chicago; Prof, E. D. Starbuck, Earlham College; Dr. W. D. Milroy, Logansport; Prof. Allen Brenner. Warsaw; Earl [93] Independent Literary Society Brooks, Indianapolis; Prof. Kate i\Ieek, Elwood; Orren Hormell, Crawf ordsville ; Opal Harrell, Win- chester; Miss Mabel Freeman, Osgood; Claude Board, Morgantown, and Lloyd Hickson, Whites- town. — Indianapolis Neivs, Nov. 20, 1905. The spiking season has been just as productive for the so-called 'Barb' frats and sororities as for the Greeks. Independent: Miss Lillian Mueller, Indianapolis; Garl Bonewitz, Huntington; Fred W. Frechling, Shelb;v^ille ; Kenneth C. Hays, Montpelier; Lawrence Goodin, Montpelier; Ed- ward Holland, North Vernon; Otto W. Grisier, Columbia City, and Claude Kitch, Huntington. —Student, Sept. 27, 1906. The Delphians will give an entertainment for the Independents at their house on East Sixth street this evening. — Student, Nov. 24, 1906. Independents will present the play, 'Three Hats,' tomorrow evening at eight o'clock in their hall on North Walnut street. Many visitors have been invited. — Student, Nov. 29, 1906. Independent entertained its faculty members at the regular meeting Saturday night. Among the guests were Dr. S. C. Davisson, Dr. Harding, Dr. and ]\Irs. Ramsey, Prof. Harris, Prof. Teter, [94] Side Lights from the Press Mr. and Mrs. Von Behren, Miss Lola Smith, Miss Estella Whitted, and Miss Lula Philips. Dr. Aley, Dr. Foley, and Prof. Lockridge were unavoidably absent. The program was entirely in charge of the faculty members. Each gave a short talk on the early life of Independent and on the conditions which existed at Indiana at that time. The meet- ing was very interesting. At the close of the pro- gram, refreshments were served. — Student, Feb. 11, 1907. Independents presented a three-act college com- edy, 'The Toastmaster, ' before about two hundred guests Saturday night in their hall on north Wal- nut street. The play was interesting from start to finish, keeping the audience, most of the time, in an uproar of laughter. The stars of the evening were Ralph V. SoUitt, '10; Garl Bonewitz, '10, and Robert C. Holland, 11. The Independents have been in the custom of giving a play each term for the past few years. 'The Toastmaster' is considered one of their best, productions. Three musical numbers were given, one of which was a male quartette, consisting of J. D. Bobbitt, S. D. Heckaman, C. E. Kitch, and E. J. Daniel. The male quartette received hearty applause, after giving a catchy little song, a selection from Riley's ipoetry.—Stiident, Dec. 7, 1907. [95] Witsimt ot a^emftew, 1885*1907 InHepenHent (Smblemis Colors: Apple Green and White Flower: The Daisy Register of Members The following membership roll was made up from the treasurer's book. Occasional references in the *^Side Lights'' seem to indicate that the list of names is not quite complete, but for lack of more reliable information the treasurer's registrations had to be accepted as final. In addition to the treasurer's roster of active members, there appear in an old Arbutus the names of the following honorary members : John Wesley Carr, '85, now Superintendent of Schools, Dayton, Ohio ; Luther Calvin Frame, '81, deceased ; Rufus Lot Green, '85, Professor of Mathematics, Leland Stanford University; James Zwingle McCaughan, Principal of the Kokomo (Ind.) High School; David Chambers Stewart, '84, Clergyman, Pater- son, N. J. ; Thomas Beatie Stewart, '80, deceased ; Joseph Swain, '83, President of Swarthmore Col- lege; Joseph Woods Wylie, Attorney, Bakersfield, CaL The period of a member's active affiliation with the Society is indicated by the dates to the right of his name. These, too, were made up from the treas- urer 's reports, partially verified by the few extant records of former secretaries. Names in capital letters are those of charter members. [99] Independent Literary Society The addresses given were mainly obtained either b}'' direct correspondence or through the University records. In many instances, however, a member could not be located at all. The best that could be done in these cases was to leave the space blank or give a former address ; when the latter method was followed it is indicated by an interrogation point. Ahl, Ohables, ('87, '89, '90, '91). Moweaqua, 111. A.B., Indiana University, 1892 (Hist.). Teacher, 1892-94 ; Bookkeeper and Purchasing Agent of Mowea- qua Coal Mining and Manufacturing Co., Moweaqua, 111., 1894-1904 ; Superintendent of same, from 1904. Ahl, Thomas Ireland, ('94, '95, '96). Moweaqua, 111. ALEY, Robert Judson, ('85, '86, '87). 215 Forest Place, Bloomington, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1888; A.M., 1890; Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania, 1897. Graduate Student, University of Pennsylvania ( Fellow ) , 1896-97 ; Princi- pal of High School, Spencer, Ind., 1882-85 and 1886-87 ; Instructor in Mathematics, Indiana University, 1887-88 ; Professor of Mathematics, Vincennes University, 1888- 91 ; Professor of Applied Mathematics, Indiana Uni- versity, 1891-93 ; Acting Assistant Professor of Mathe- matics, Leland Stanford Junior University, 1894-95 ; Professor of Mathematics, Indiana University, from 1893. Author: *The New Elementary Arithmetic. Re- vision' (with O. L. Kelso), 1903; 'The New Advanced Arithmetic. Revision' (with O. L. Kelso), 1903; 'The Essentials of Algebra' (with D. A. Rothrock), 1904; Several hundred articles on Educational and Math- [100] Register of Members ematical Subjects in ^Inland Educator/ 'Educator-Jour- nal/ ^Proceedings Indiana Academy of Science,' etc. Editor of 'Educator-Journal' from 1903. Democratic Candidate for State Superintendent of Public Insftruc- tion, 1906. Lecturer. Allen, Vernal Victor, ('06). Greentown, Ind. Principal of High School, Jerome, Ind., from 1906. Allerdice, Esther May (Mrs. William P. Harding), ('91, '92). A.B., Indiana University, 1892 (Math.). Died March 12, 1902, at Indianapolis, Ind. Allison, Anna, ('88, '89). AsHBY, J. W., ('90). Logansport, Ind. Principal of High School, Arcadia, Ind., 1892-95. Teacher in High School, Logansport, Ind., 1895 — • — . Atwater, Munson Darwin, ('89). The Delano, Indian- apolis, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1894 (Lat.). Graduate Student, Yale, 1897-99. Teacher of Latin and Chem- istry, High School, Youngstown, Ohio, 1894-97 ; Lab- oratory Assistant, Sheffield Scientific School, 1897-99 ; Employee of American Telephone Co., New York City, 1900-03; Manager of Central Union Telephone Co., Indianapolis, Ind., 1903-05 ; Special Agent and District Superintendent of Central Union Telephone Co., Indi- anapolis District, from 1905. Baker, Katherine Gladys, ('05, '06, '07). Winchester, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1907 (Lat.). Teacher of Latin, High School, Bedford, Ind., from 1907. [101] Independent Literary Society Baker, Lon Sharpless, ('04, '05). 382 Sheffield Ave., Chicago, 111. A.B., Indiana University, 1905 (Hist.). Employee of Bell Telephone Co., from 1906. Baker, Ned Louis, ('06, '07). Garrett, Ind. Baldwin, Clarets^ce Arthur, ('93, '94, '96, '97). Wind- fall, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1897 (Chem.) ; M.D., Homeopathic Medical College of Missouri, St. Louis, 1899. Physician, Windfall, Ind., 1902-04; Physician, Peru, Ind., from 1904. Baldwin, Verne Emerson, ('96, '97, '98, '99). Green- town, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1899 (Hist.) ; M.D., Her- ing Medical College, Chicago, 1904. Superintendent of Schools, New London, Ind., 1899-1901 ; Practicing Physician, Greentown, Ind., from 1904. Ballard, Everett Guy, ('93). 201 Fifth Ave., Chicago, 111. A.B., Indiana University, 1893 (Hist.)- Lawyer, Chicago, 111., 1904. Banta, William A., ('02, '03). Died, October 16, 1903. Barnard, W. W., ('95, '96). Barr, Dora Ettalee, ('02, '03, '05, '06, '07). Edwards- port, Ind. Teacher in Vincennes Schools, 1903-04 ; Teacher in Edwardsport Schools, 1904-06; Teacher of English, High School, Edwardsport, Ind., from 1907. [102] Register of Members Barrett, Evaleen (Mrs. Charles U. Pratz), ('95, '96). BloomingtoD, 111. Married to Charles U. Pratz, 1896. Batchelor, Belle, ('05, '06). Vernon, Ind. Batchelor, George Hume, ('88, '89, '90). 2537 Broad- way, Indianapolis, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1892 (Econ.) ; A.M., Col- umbia University, 1894. Lawyer, Indianapolis, Ind. Batchelor, James Otterbein, ('99, '00, '01, '02). Union City, Ind. Superintendent of Schools, Farmland, Ind., 1901-03 ; American Teacher in Philippines, 1903-04 ; Superin- tendent of Schools of Farmland, Ind., 1904-06; Prin- cipal of Fort Wayne (Ind.) High School, 1906-07; Principal of High School, Union City, Ind., 1907. Member of American Historical Association. Batchelor, Virginia, ('98, '99). Ann Arbor, Mich. Beals, Roscoe Garfield, ('04, '05). Decatur, 111. A.B., Earlham College, 1907 (Eng.). Superintendent of Schools, Atlanta, Ind., 1904-05; Principal of High School, Sheridan, Ind., 1905-06 ; Superintendent of Schools, Sheridan, Ind., 1906-07; Head of Department of English, High School, Decatur, 111., from 1907. Beckwith, Alice Margaret, ('00). Bloomington, 111. Beeker, Ruby Mildred, ('07). Battle Ground, Ind. Belts, Claude, ('95, '96). Urbana, 111. Teacher, Butler, Ind., ; Superintendent of Schools, Churubusco, Ind., 1900-04 ; Principal of High School, Lewiston, Ind., 1904-06 ; Student, University of Illinois, from 1906. [103] Independent Literary Society Benedict, Lauba, (*93, '94). Indianapolis, Ind. Bennett, Laura B. (Mrs. William H. Stokes), ('87, '89). 9 Vaught Ave., Freehold, N. J. Student, Butler College, 1888, 1896; Student, Chi- cago University, 1895. Teacher in Kokomo Schools, 1889-96 ; Married to William H. Stokes, 1896. Member of Arts and Crafts Club, Freehold, N. J. ; Member of Daughters of American Revolution. Bettcheb, Eael McCauley, ('93, '94). South Bend, Ind. LL.B., Indiana University, 1897. Acting Superin- tendent Free Delivery, P. O., South Bend, Ind., 1904. Biddle, Daniel W., ('93, '94). Remington (?), Ind. Board, Claude Franklin, ('04, '05, '06). Lebanon, Ind. Principal of High School, Morgantown, Ind., 1905- 06; Principal of High School, Oxford, Ind., 1906-07; Student, University of Colorado, Bowlder, Col., 1907-08. Bobbitt, Arthur Garfield, ('01, '04, '05, '06). 507 S. Third St., Elkhart, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1906 (Hist.). Assistant in History, Indiana University, 1905-06 ; Head of De- partment of History, High School, Elkhart, Ind., from 1906. Bobbitt, James Douglas, ('05, '06, '07). Eckerty, Ind. BoDENHAMER, Maude, ('01, '02, '03, '04, '05). Blooming- ton, Ind. Teacher in Public Schools, Bloomington, Ind., 1901- 06 ; Student in Cumnock School of Oratory, Northwest- ern University, from 1906. [104] Register of Members BOLLMAN, Charles Harvey, ('85, '86). A.B., Indiana University, 1889 (ZooL). Died July 13, 1889, at Waycross, Ga. Author: 'Notes on North American Julidae,' in Ann. New York Acad. Sci. for 1887 ; 'Notes on a Collection of Myriapoda from Cuba,' in Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. for 1888 ; 'The Myriapoda of North America,' in Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 46, Wash- ington, 1893, etc. BoNEWiTZ, Garl Grover, ('06, '07). Huntington, Ind. Book, William Frederick, ('97, '98, '99, '00). Missoula, Mont. A.B., Indiana University, 1900 (Phil.) ; Ph.D., Clark University, . Professor of Education, University of Montana. BoTTORFF, Oscar Bert, ('01, '02, '03). St. Louis, Mo. A.B., Indiana University, 1903 (Eng.). Principal of High School, Flora, Ind., 1903-04; Principal of High School, Seymour, Ind., 1904-06; Teacher of English, Central High School, St. Louis, Mo., from 1906. BOWEN, TiLLiE Margaret, ('04, '06, '07). Oaktown, Ind. Teacher in Grades, Oaktown Schools, 1905-07. Bowers, Cora (Mrs. Alfred G. McGregor), ('95, '96, '97). 461 Clifton Ave., Lexington, Ky. A.B., Indiana University, 1897. Brandon, Rodney H., ('96, '97, '98, '99, '00). Anderson, Ind. Clerk and Traveling Auditor of American Telephone and Telegraph Co., 1900-02; Writer for 'The Youth's Companion,' 1902-03; on Staff of 'Anderson (Ind.) Herald,' 1903-05; Partner in Anderson (Ind.) Coal tl05] Independent Literary Society Co., 1905-07; Insurance Underwriter (Central Life In- surance Co.), from 1906. Author of Songs, *No Fiery Furnace for Me' and *When Noah Picked the Nigger for the Ark.' Bray, Jeremiah Wesley, C89, '90, '91, '92). Nora, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1891 (Phil.) ; A.M., In- diana University, 1892. Graduate Student, University of Chicago (Scholar, 1893-95; Fellow, 1895-96), 1893- 96. Principal of High School, Plymouth, Ind., 1892- 93; Principal of High School, Freeport, 111., 1896-97; Professor of English, Stetson University, De Land, Fla., 1897-98; Professor of Philosophy, Southwestern Baptist University, Tenn., 1901-02; Farmer near Nora, Ind., from 1902. Author of 'A History of English Critical Terms,' and 'Dramatized Themes;' Orator at Fifth Anniversary of Independent, subject : *Anglo- Saxon Brotherhood.' Breckenridge, Mary (Mrs. Wm. E. Lindley), ('87, '88, '89, '90). A.B., Indiana University, 1891 (Gr.). Breckenridge, Nettie (Mrs. Albert F. Stewart), ('90, '91). 1043 E. Broadway, Monmouth, 111. A.B., Indiana University, 1893 (Hist.). Married to Albert F. Stewart, 1894. Brenner, Allen Lewis, ('01, '02, '03, '04, '05). South Bend, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1905 (Ohem.). Teacher of Science, High School, Warsaw, Ind., 1905-06; Em- ployee of Oliver Plough Co., South Bend, Ind., from 1906. Brenner, Bertha Anna, ('07). West Lebanon, Ind. [106] Register of Members Brill, John Robert, ('86, '87). 606 Washington Ave., Evansville, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1889; LL.B., Indiana Uni- versity, 1891. Brooks, Charles, ('02, '03). Durham, N. H. A.B., Indiana University, 1904 (Bot.) ; A.M., Mis- souri University, 1905. Assistant Professor of Botany, New Hampshire State School of Agriculture and Me- chanics, 1905-06 ; Associate Professor of Botany, ibid., from 1906. Brooks, Earl, ('03, '04). Noblesville, Ind. D.D.S., Indiana Dental College, Indianapolis, Ind., 1907. Dentist, Noblesville, Ind., from 1907. Brooks, Elwood Edwin, ('06, '07). Salem, Indiana. A.B., Indiana University, 1907 (Chem.). Gradu- ate Student, Indiana University, 1907-08. Brooks, Samuel H., ('04, '05). Salem, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1905, (Phys.). Farmer, near Salem, Ind., from 1905. Brown, Albert J., ('87, '89, '90). Wilmington, Ohio. A.B., Leland Stanford University, 1891 (Hist.). Teacher, Irvington (Ind.) High School for some years; then Pastor in the Friends' (Quaker) Church. Now President of Wilmington College, Wilmington, O. Brown, Caroline (Mrs. Samuel Bannister Harding), ('90). 923 Atwater Ave., Bloomington, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1890 (Hist.). Author: *Greek Gods, Heroes and Men' (collaborated with hus- band), 1897; 'The City of the Seven Hills' (with same), 1898. ri07] Independent Literary Society Brown, Laura R., ('88, '89). Brown, Martha Elizabeth, ('93, '94, '95, '96). Day- tona, Fla. A.B., Indiana University, 1896 (Eng.). Student of Literature, British Isles, Summer of 1898. Teacher of English, High School, Greenfield, Ind., 1896-99; Principal of High School, Daytona, Fla., from 1900. Bunting, Ada, ('01). Wheatland (?), Ind. BuRDETTE, Lulu May (Mrs. Corr), ('97, '98, '99, '00, '01). Pendleton, Ind. Burns, Zora, ('04, '05, '06, '07). Bloomington, Ind. Campbell, Wallace Bruce, ('85, '86). Anderson, Ind. B.S., Indiana University, 1886. Principal of High School, Paxton, 111., 1886-87; Attorney, Paxton, 111., 1887-89; Editor (with H. A. Stevens) of * Auburn (Ind.) Dispatch,' 1889-95; Proprietor and Editor of same, 1895-96 ; Owner and Editor of Anderson *Daily and Weekly Herald,' 1896-1901; Promoter and Con- tractor, Anderson, Ind., from 1901. Member of Re- publican Editorial Association, etc., etc. Carithers, William M., ('01, '02). Forest Home, Red- lands, Gal. Teacher at Princeton, Ind., 1902-04 ; Physical and Boys' Work Director, Redlands Y. M. C^ A., Redlands, Gal., from 1904. Garter, Garl J., ('02). Edinburg(?), Ind. Garter, Ralph, ('02). Davenport, Iowa. A.B., Franklin Gollege, 1906 (Math.). Teacher of Mathematics, Shortridge High School, Indianapolis, [108] Register of Members Ind., 1906-07; Teacher of Mathematics, High School, Davenport, Iowa, 1907-08. Cass, Alice, ('95, '96). Ligonier(?), Ind. Chambers, Charles, ('88, '89, '90, '94, '95). A.B., Indiana University, 1891 (Phil.) ; A.M., 1895. Formerly Teacher of Science, High School, Newcastle, Ind. Chambers, John Kisling, ('01, '02). Williamsport, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1904 (Phil.). Assistant Cashier of Williamsport State Bank, Williamsport, Ind., from 1904. Chappelle, Anna (Mrs. Jeremiah Wesley Bray), ('91). Nora, Ind. Clark, Charles Patton, ('98, '99, '00). 386 E. Ontario St., Chicago, 111. A.B., Indiana University, 1901 (Chem.) ; M.D., Rush Medical College, Chicago, 1904. Interne, St. Luke's Hospital, Chicago, from 1905. Clark, Thomas Curtis, ('98, '99, '00). 2921 Franklin Ave., St. Louis, Mo. A.B., Indiana University, 1899 (Lat.). Musical Composer, St. Louis, Mo. Clawson, Clarence James, ('03, '05, '06). Converse, Ind. Principal of Schools, Wheeling, Ind., 1903-04; Teacher in Grades, Gaston, Ind., 1904-05; Principal of Schools, Bethel, Ind., 1906-07; Weigher in Mail Serv- ice (Converse-Muncie Division of C. I. & E.), from 1907. [109] Independent Literary Society Clawson, Claude Leigh, ('01, '02). Milford, Ind. Principal of High School, New Burlington, Ind., 1902-03; Principal of High School, Cowan, Ind., 1903- 06 ; Superintendent of Schools, Milford, Ind., from 1906. Clawson, Clayton Wtllard, ('02, '03, '04, '05, '06). Muncie, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1906 (Eng.). Assistant in English, Indiana University, 1904-06 ; Teacher of Eng- lish, High School, Veedersburg, Ind., 1906-07. Head of Department of English, High School, Muncie, Ind., 1907-08. Author of Songs, *If You'll Be True,' *Uncle Sam,' *Please Turn Me Loose, Good Theodore,' and *I've Yearned for You.' Clawson, Oelisttjs Thompson, ('07). Gaston, Ind. Clewell, Lillian (Mrs. Hence I. Orme), ('95, '96). R. F. D. No. 17, Greenwood, Ind. Conrad, William Chester, ('05, '06). Clark's Hill, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1906 (Econ.). Principal of High School, Gladden's Corner, Ind., 1906-07. CooLEY, Fkederick Allen, ('89, '90, '91). 750 Cameron St., East Oakland, Cal. A.B., Leland Stanford Jr., University. Formerly Teacher at Tucson, Arizona. CoPELAND, Charles H., ('93, '94, '95, '96). Fairmount (?), Ind. A.B.. Indiana University, 1896 (Bot.) ; A.M., Indi- ana University, 1897. Superintendent of Schools, Fair- mount, Ind., 1904. [110] Register of Members COUGHLIN, Paul, ('97, '9o). 707 E. Seventh St., Indian- apolis, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1900 (Chem.) : A.M., In- diana University, 1901. Principal of High School, Ben Davis, Ind., 1904-05 ; Teacher in High School, Broad Ripple, Ind., from 1906. Cox, Jennie (Mrs. Lovell L. Horton), ('93, '94). R. F. D. No. 33, Elwood, Ind. Cox, Mary Elizabeth, ('90, '92, '94, '95). 659 Mulberry St., Terre Haute (?), Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1895 (Eng. ). Cramer, H. L., ('96, '97). Oxford, Ohio. Lumber dealer, Oxford, Ohio. Crampton, Edwin Cook, ('93, '94, '95, '96, '98, '99). 224 Park Ave., Raton, N. M. LL.B., Indiana University, 1899. Private Tutor in family of John H. Bass, Fort Wayne, Ind., 1896-98; Law Writer (Annual and Century Digest) for West Publishing Co., St. Paul, Minn., 1899-1900; Assistant Compiler of New York, Illinois, and other Cyclopedic Digests, St. Paul, Minn., 1900-04 ; Assistant Compiler of Ohio, Georgia, and New Jersey Digest for the Michie Co., Charlottesville, Va., 1904-05 ; Practicing Attorney, Raton, N. M., from 1905. Cromer, Daniel Guy, ('04, '05, '06). 5440 Loomis St., Chicago, 111. A.B., Indiana University, 1906 (Econ.). Employee of Bell Telephone Co., Chicago, 111., 1906; Broker for Nurmberg Commercial Paper Co., Chicago, 111., at present. [Ill] Independent Literary Society Crull, Adam Ulysses, ('87, 'SS, '89, '90, '91). 310 E. First St., Duluth, Minn. A.B., Indiana University, 1891 (Hist.) ; A.M., Uni- versity of Wisconsin, 1894. Teacher of History in High School, Duluth, Minn. Crumm, Edna, ('07). South Bend, Ind. Gullets^, James Henry, ('92, '93). A.B., Indiana University, 1893 (Hist.). Formerly a Civil Engineer, at Needmore, Ind. Curtis, May, ('93, '94). 513 S. Marion St., Bluffton, Ind. Teacher, High School, Bluffton, Ind. CusHMAN, Wm. Josiah, ('93, '94). Iba(?), Zambales, P. I. A.B., Indiana University, 1894 (Ped.) ; A.M., Indi- ana University, 1901. Teacher. Daniel, Edward E., ('05, '06, '07). Columbia City, Ind. Davis, Bradley Moore, ('89). No. 17 Felton Hall, Cam- bridge, Mass. A.B., Stanford University, 1892 (Bot.) ; A.B., Har- vard University, 1893 (Bot.) ; A.M., 1894; Ph.D., 1895. Research Student at Naples, Italy, and Bonn, Ger- many ; Assistant, Associate, and Instructor in Botany, University of Chicago, 1895-1902 ; Assistant Professor of Botany, ibid., 1902-06 ; Curator of Botanical De- partment of Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Mass., for eight years ; Author (with J. Y. Ber- gen) of Botany text books (Ginn & Co., Pub.), from 1906. Author of 'Studies on the Plant Cell' ('Ameri- can Naturalist,' 1904-05) ; Author of 'Principles of Botany,' and 'Laboratory and Field Manual of Bot- any,' (with J. Y. Bergen). [112] .. • Register of Members Davis, Maud Helet^t, ('95). Oklahoma City, Okla. Teacher of Mathematics, High School, Oklahoma City, Okla. Davisson, Laura (Mrs. A. B. Greeson), ('86). Salt Lake City, Utah. Davisson, Schuyler Colfax, ('86, '87, '89). 515 E. Third St., Bloomington, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1890; A.M., 1892; Sc.D., University of Ttibingen, 1900. Student, Clark Uni- versity (Fellow), 1895-96; Harvard University, first half year, 1898-99 ; University of Tubingen, Summer semester, 1899, and 1899-1900. Instructor in Mathe- matics, Indiana University, 1890-93 ; Associate Profes- sor of Mathematics, 1893-1905 ; Junior Professor of Mathematics, from 1905. Author of *Die geodatische Linne der Mannigfaltigkeit ds^=dx^+sin^x • dy^-fdz^.' Tubingen, 1900. Dean, Charles Ross, ('04, '05, '06). Rensselaer, Ind. Debra, Edna Pauline (Mrs. Charles Craw), ('95). Fow- ler, Ind. Denny, Winfield Augustus, ('93, '94). Anderson, Ind. A.B„ Indiana University, 1898 (Zool.) ; A.M., 1899. Principal of High School, Anderson, Ind. Dibell, Homer Bliss, ('85, '86). Duluth, Minn. A.B., Indiana University, 1889 (Soc). Lawyer, Du- luth, Minn., in 1904. Dickson, M. Letitia, ('90, '91, '92, '93, '95, '96). Bloom- ington, Ind. Teacher in Bloomington Schools, 1891-94 ; Teacher at Sumpter, S. C, 1893-94 ; Teacher in Knoxville College, [113] Independent Literary Society Knoxville, Tenn., 1894-95; Student, Indiana Uni- versity, 1901-03 ; Reporter of Circuit Court, Tenth Ju- dicial District, from 1903. DILLON, May, ('85, '86). A.B., Indiana University, 1886. Teacher in Public Schools, Pierre, S. D., 1886-87; Student, Purdue Uni- versity, . Died November 19, 1905, at Lafayette. Ind. DiLS, Calvin Hugh, ('00, '01). Monessen, Pa. A.B., Indiana University, 1901 (Bot.). Principal of High School, Irwin, Pa., 1901-02; Instructor in St. Matthew's Military School San Mateo, Cal., 1902-03; Real Estate Dealer and Insurance Underwriter (firm of Steen and Dils), Monessen, Pa., from 1903. DiEKS, Louis Herman, ('04, '05). New Albany, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1906 (Ger.). Teacher of German, High School, Bloomington, Ind., 1904-06 ; As- sistant Principal, High School, Bloomington, Ind., 1906-07 ; Teacher of German, High School, New Al- bany, Ind., from 1907. DIVEN, Alice Belle (Mrs. David Kopp Goss). ('85, '86), Bloomington, Ind. Married to David K. Goss, 1887. Teacher of Ger- man, High School, Anderson, Ind., 1905-1907 ; Assistant in German, Indiana University, 1907-08. Dixon, Henry Morton, ('04, '05, '06). Waveland, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1906. Superintendent of Schools, New Richmond, Ind., 1904-05 ; Superintendent of Schools, Wingate, Ind., 1905-06 ; Superintendent of Schools, Waveland, Ind., from 1906. [114] Register of Members DoDD, Elmer Perky, ('93, '94, '95, '97). Hermiston, Ore. A.B., Indiana University, 1897 (Phil.). Editor and Publisher of 'The Morning Tribune,' Pendleton, Ore., 1897-1906 ; President of The Hermiston Hardware and Implement Co., and Secretary of The Western Uma- tilla Mutual Electric Co., Hermiston, Ore., from 1906. DoDD, Werter David, ('92, '93, '94, '95). Bellingham, Wash. A.B., Indiana University, 1897 (Eng.). Driver, Hal Enloe, ('04, '05, '06). Bloomington, Ind. Formerly a Teacher at Farmland, Ind. DuCoMB, CouRTLAND Prentice, ('93, '94). South Bend, Ind. LL.B., Indiana University, 1895. Lawyer at South Bend, Ind., from 1895. Dunbar, Merlin Malcom, ('05). Warren, Ind. Duncan, Chauncey White, ('07). Greenfield, Ind. LL.B., Indiana University, 1907. Student, Univer- sity of Michigan, 1907-08. Admitted to Bar, 1906. Dye, Edward Kenneth, ('87). A.B., Indiana University. 1891 (Econ.). Died Oct. 11, 1903, at Bedford, Ind. East, Daisy, ('97, '98, '99, '00, '01). Died Sept. 25, 1901, at Bloomington, Ind. Edgar, George A., ('86). Olathe, Kan. A.B., Geneva College, Beaver Falls, Pa., 1890; B.D., Theological Seminary of Reformed Presbyterian Church, Alleghany, Pa., 1894. Pastor Olathe Reformed Presby- [115] Independent Literary Society terian Church, from 1894. Editor (with T. S. Martin) of 'The Reformed Presbyterian Standard.' Eger, Anna (Mrs. W. A. Huston), ('93, '94). Harvard Terrace, Cornell Drive, Toledo, Ohio. Teacher in Public Schools, Holgate, O., 1894-97; Student, Ohio Wesleyan University and Conservatory of Music, Delaware, O., 1897-98; Teacher, Public Schools, Holgate, O., 1898-1900; Married to W. A. Huston, 1901. Elder, Frances Madge, ('06, '07). Bloomington, Ind. Endicott, Carl Elbert, ('93, '94, '95, '96). Andrews, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1897 (Hist.). Banker, Andrews, Ind. EVERMANN, Barton Warren, ('85, '86). Washington, D. C. B.S., Indiana University, 1886; A.M., 1888; Ph.D., 1891. Professor of Biology, Indiana State Normal School, Terre Haute, Ind., 1886-91; Assistant U. S. Fish Commissioner, 1888-91; U. S. Fur Seal Commis- sioner, 1892 ; Special Lecturer, Stanford University, 1893-94; Chief of Division of Scientific Inquiry, U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, from 1903. Editor Proceedings Washington Academy of Sciences from 1903 ; Lecturer on Fish and Game Protection, Yale University, from 1904 ; Member of Board of Scientific Surveys of the Philippines (appointed by President Roosevelt). Au- thor: *Animal Analysis,' 1886; *A Revision of the Genus Gerres' (with Dr. S. E. Meek), 1886 (Phila. Acad. Sciences) ; 'The Fishes of Bay of Guaymus, Mex- ico' (with Dr. O. P. Jenkins), 1891 (Proc. U. S. Nat. Museum) ; 'Report Upon Ichthyological Investigations [116] Register of Members in Montana, Wyoming and Texas,' 1892 ( Senate Doc. ) , 'Studies of the Pacific Coast Salmon,' 1895 (Bull. U. S. Fish Comm'n) ; 'The Fishes of North and Middle America,* 4 vols, (with David Starr Jordan), 189G- 1900 (Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Museum) ; 'The Fishes of Puerto Rico,' 1900 (Bull. U. S. Fish Comm'n) ; 'The Aquatic Resources of the Hawaiian Islands' (with D. S. Jordan) ; 'The Fishes of Formosa and the Salmon ^'isheries of Alaska;' etc., etc. Faris, James Calvin, ('92, '98, '94, '95). Mitchell, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1895 (Phil.). Lawyer at Mitchell, Ind. Fisher, Anna Laura, ('89, '90, '91). Rushville, Ind. A.B., Indiana Universty, 1891 (Eng.). Teacher. Foley, Arthur Lee, ('88, '89). 744 E. Third St., Bloom- ington, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1890; A.M., 1891; Ph.D., Cornell University, 1897. Graduate Student, Univers- ity of Chicago, 1894; Cornell University (Fellow), 1896-97. Instructor in Physics, Indiana University, 1890-91 ; Associate Professor of Physics, Indiana Uni- versity, 1891-97; Professor of Physics, from 1897. Author : 'Surface Tension of Liquids,' Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci., 1895 ; 'Arc Spectra,' Electrical Engineer XXIV, Phys. Rev., V No. 8; twenty more Scientific Articles in Electric World, Science, etc. FORDICE, Morton William, ('85, '86, '87). R. F. D. No. 1, Russellville, Ind. B.S., Indiana University, 1886. Farmer near Russell- ville, Ind. [117] Independent Literary Society Foster, Frank Horton, ('89, '90). 34 W. St. Clair St., Indianapolis, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1891 (Math.) ; A.M., Le- land Stanford Jr. Universit3% 1893 ; M.D., Indiana Medical College, Indianapolis, Ind., 1907. Teacher of Science, High School, Peru, Ind., 1891-92; Teacher of Mathematics and Science, Vincennes University, 1893- 96 ; Teacher of Physics and Chemistry, High School, Princeton, 111., 1896-1904; Student in Indiana Medical College from 1904. FOUTS, WiLHELMiNA MiNERVA (Mrs. W. F. McCord). ('85, '86), Vandalia, 111. Teacher in Schools, Peru, Ind., . Teacher in Schools of Vandalia, 111., at present. FoY, Cordelia, ('95, '96). St. Gabriel's, Peekskill, N. Y. A.B., Indiana University, 1896 (Eng.). Frechtling, Frederick vVilhelm, ('06, '07). Shelby ville, Ind. Freeman, Blanche, ('95, '96). 427 Webster St., Palo Alto, Cal. A.B., Indiana University, 1896 (Eng.). Freeman, Mabel, ('02, '04). Osgood (?), Ind. Fry, Jennie (Mrs. Edward Howard Griggs), ('86, '87). A.B., Indiana University, 1888 (Rom. Lang.). Died Oct. 24, 1896, at Stanford University, Cal. FussELL, Alice, ('95). 24 E. Jefferson St., Media, Pa. Gamble, Robert Henry, ('87). [118] Register of Members GaniaPvD, Sidney Keith, ('93, '94, '95, '96, '97). Lagrange, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1897 (Hist.). Superin- tendent of Schools, Monroeville, Ind., 1897-99 ; Super- intendent of Schools, Lima, Ind., 1899-1903 ; Lawyer at Lagrange, Ind., since 1903 ; State Senator from La- grange and Steuben Cos., from 1905. Gaeretson, James Thomas, ('95). 1011/2 N. Fifth St., Springfield (?), 111. LL.B., Indiana University, 1895. Lawyer. Garretson, Laura (Mrs. Melville E. Haggerty), ('94, '95, '96, '97, '98, '99). Anderson, Indiana. Geiger, Finley, ('93, '94). Hartford City, Ind. LL.B., Indiana University, 1894. Teacher in High School, Hartford City, Ind., 1895-97; County Super- intendent of Schools, Blackford Co., from 1897. George, Clark I., ('98, '99, '00). Gilbert, Abigail (Mrs. John C. Pinkerton), ('96, '97). 740 Grand River Ave., Detroit, Mich. Ph.B., Earlham College, 1894; A.M., Indiana Uni- versity, 1897. Married to J. C. Pinkerton, 1900. Presi- dent of Presbyterial Missionary Society, Detroit Pres- bytery, from 1906. GooDiN, Laurence James, ('06, '07). Montpelier, Ind. Gordon, Alexander Thomas, ('91, '92, '93, '94). Mount Iron, Minn. A.B., Indiana University, 1894 (Chem.). Graduate Student, Chicago L'niversity, 1895-97. Assistant in Science. High School, Decatur, 111., 1894-95; Ore [119] Independent Literary Society Sampler for Dickman and McKinzie, Chicago, 111., part of 1895; Chemist for Illinois Steel Co., Chicago, 111., 1895-97; Chemist for Desota Iron Co., Mansfield, Mich., 1897-1900; Chemist for Oliver Iron Mining Co., Vir- ginia City, Minn., April-June, 1900 ; Chemist for Oliver Iron Mining Co., Mount Iron, Minn., from 1900. Gordon, George Andrew, ('89). 604-5-6-7 Temple Court, Altanta, Ga. A.B., Indiana University, 1890 (Gk.) ; B.D., Xenia Theological Seminary ; LL.B., Harvard University, 1900. Lawyer in Atlanta, Ga. Gordon, James Alexander, ('90, '91, '92). 9 Whitehall Terrace, Atlanta, Ga. A.B., Indiana University, 1893 (Math.) ; B.D., Xenia Theological Seminary, Xenia, O., 1896. Pastor of United Presbyterian Church, Cabin Hill, N. Y., 1896- 1904 ; Assistant Pastor of Second United Presbyterian Church, Jersey City, N. J., 1904-06; Pastor of First Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church, Atlanta, Ga., from 1906. Gordon, Nellie Margaret, ('87, '90). Pelzer, S. C. A.B., Indiana University, 1890 (Gk.). Teacher of English, State Normal School, Cape Girardeau, Mo., 1890-96; Teacher of English, High School, Mankato, Minn., 1897 ; Teacher of English, State Normal School, Indiana, Pa., 1898-1903; General Secretary, Y. W. C. A., Pelzer, S. C, from 1905. Gordon, Orpha, ('94, '95, '96, '97). GOSS, David Kopp, ('85, '86, '87). A.B., Indiana University, 1887 (Biol.). Graduate Student, Cornell University, 1891-92; Scholar, Univer- sity of Berlin and Heidelberg (Andrew D. White Trav- [120] Register of Members eling Scholarship), 1892-94; Principal of High School. Rochester, Ind., 1887-88; Principal of High School, Frankfort, Ind., ; Superintendent of Schools, Leb- anon, Ind., 1891 ; Superintendent of Schools, Indian- apolis, Ind., 1894-1900 ; Founder and Head of the Amer- ican College, Strassburg, Alsace, Germany, 1900-04. Died Sept. 26, 1904, at Strassburg, Germany. Grant, Otto Euge.\e, ('00, '01, '02). Columbia City, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1902 (Hist.). Lawyer in Columbia City from 1903 ; Prosecuting Attorney for Whitley Co., and Secretary of School Board, Columbia City, Ind. Greeson, Fred Lincoln, ('97, '98, '99). Louisville, Ky. A.B., Indiana University, 1902 (Hist.). Superin- tendent of the Adams Township Schools, Hamilton Co., Ind., 1902-03 ; Superintendent of Schools, Camden, Ind., 1903-05 ; Teacher of English, Manual Training High School, Louisville, Ky.. from 1905. Griggs, Edward Howard, ('87, '88, '89). Montclair, N. J. A.B., Indiana University, 1889 (Math.) ; A.M., 1890. Student of Art and Life in England, Germany, and Italy, 1894-95, 1898-99. Instructor in Mathematics, Preparatory Department, Indiana Univei*sity, 1889 ; Instructor in English and Professor of Literature, In- diana University, 1889-91 ; Assistant Professor of Ethics and Education, Stanford University, 1891-99; Lecturer and Author from 1899. Author of 'Moral Education,' 'The New Humanism,' and 'A Book of Meditations' (B. W. Huebsch, Pub., N. Y.). Griggs, Susan Norton (Mrs. Albert H. Yoder), ('91, '92). 4535 Brooklyn Ave., Seattle, Wash. A.B., Indiana University, 1893 (Math.). [121] Independent Literary Society Grimm, Edward Oscar, ('04, '05, '06). Indianapolis, Incl. Employee of Bobbs-Merrill Publishing Co., Indian- apolis, Ind., from 1906. Grimsley, Elizabeth Goss, ('86, '87). 1327 Judson Ave., Evanston, 111. A.B., Indiana University, 1891 (Lat.). Teacher of Latin, High School, Evanston, 111. Grisier, Otto Woodson, ('06, '07). Columbia City, Ind. Groninger, Frank Clinton, ('87). Indianapolis, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1890 (Hist.) ; A.M., 1891; LL.B., University of Michigan, 1893. Lawyer in In- dianapolis, Ind. Grummann, Paul Henry, ('96). 1810 Washington St., Lincoln, Neb. A.B., Indiana University, 1896 (Ger.) ; A.M., 1900. Adjunct Professor of Germanic Languages, University of Nebraska, 1900-03 ; Associate Professor of same from 1903. Hagerty, James Edward, ('87, '88, '89, '90, '91). 212 W. Tenth Ave., Columbus, Ohio. A.B., Indiana University, 1892 (Econ.) ; Ph.D., Uni- versity of Pennsylvania, 1900. Graduate Student, Uni- versity of Chicago, 1896-97; Graduate Student, Univer- sity of Wisconsin (Honorary Fellow) 1897-98; Student, Universities of Berlin and Halle, 1898-99; Graduate Student, University of Pennsylvania (Fellow, 1899- 1900 ; Senior Fellow, 1900-01) . Teacher of Mathematics, High School, LaPorte, Ind., 1892-96; Assistant Pro- fessor of Economics and Sociology, Ohio State Uni- versity, 1901-03 ; Assistant Professor of Economics and Sociology (Acting Head of Department), 1903-04; [122] Register of Members Professor of Economics and Sociology from 1904. Mem- ber of Board of Directors of Associated Charities of Columbus ; Member of Board of Trade ( Secretary of Committee on Statistics), Columbus, Ohio. Haggerty, Melvin Everett, ('97, '98. '99, '00). Anderson, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1902 (Phil.). Head of English Department in High School. Anderson, Ind., from 1902. Hagler, Oscar E., ('93, '94, '95). Warren, Ind. Graduate of Indiana State Normal, 1896. Principal of School, Liberty Center, Ind., 1896-1900; Superin- tendent of Schools, Warren, Ind., 1900-02 ; Assistant Principal of High School, Keystone, Ind., 1902-03; Superintendent of Schools, Keystone, Ind., from 1903. Hall, Hal L., ('93, '94, '97, '98, '99). Room 10 Cole Block, Peru, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1899 (Math.). Teacher in High School, Anderson, Ind., 1899-1900; Principal of High School, Peru, Ind., 1900-03 ; Insurance Under- writer and Real Estate Dealer, Peru, Ind., from 1903. Hamilton, Augustus Walter, ('96). Bluff ton, Ind. LL.B., Indiana University, 1902. Lawyer at Bluff- ton, Ind., from 1902. Mayor of Bluffton from Sept. 1905, (term ending 1910). Hamilton, Francis Marion, ('95, '96, '97). 432 W. 124th St., New York City. A.B., Indiana University, 1897 (Phil.) ; A.M.. 1901; Ph.D., Columbia University, 1907. Graduate Student (Fellow), University of Chicago, 1903-05. Assistant in Psychology, Indiana University, 1897-98 ; Assistant [123] Independent Literary Society Educational Director, Central Y. M. C. A., Chicago, 1898-99 ; Instructor ad interim, Department of Psychol- ogy, Ohio State University, 1899-1901; Professor of Psychology, State Normal School, Plattesville, Wis., 1901-08 ; Assistant in Psychology, Columbia University, 1905-06 ; Professor of Psychology, New York City Teachers' Training School, from 1906. Hamilton-, Ira Cai.vert, ('93, '94, '97, '00). Chicago, 111. A.B., Indiana University, 1900 (Hist.). Graduate Student, Chicago University. Teacher of History, Wendell Phillips High School, Chicago, 111., at present. Hamjltox, Lola (Mrs. Oliver Stout), ('91, '92, '93, '94). Harrodsburg, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1894 (Ger.). Hamiltok, Violet Mae, ('02, '03). Selma, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1905. Teacher. Hamilton, William Albert, ('94, '95). 1286 Emerson St., Beloit, Wis. A.B., Indiana University, 1896 (Math.) ; M.A., 1899; Ph.D., University of Chicago, 1903. Graduate Stu- dent, Chicago University, 1898-99. Superintendent of Schools, Hebron, Ind., 1896-98 ; Acting Professor of Mathematics, California School of Mechanical Arts, San Francisco, 1899-1900 ; Instructor in Mathematics and Astronomy, Beloit College, Beloit, Wis., 1902 ; Assistant Professor of Mathematics and Astronomy and Director of Observatory, Beloit College, Beloit, Wis. Hanger, Bessie Anna (Mrs. Jacob M. Clinton). Han- kow, China. A.B., Indiana University, 1904 (Hist.). [124] ; Register of Members Hai^^ger, Ward Everett, ('96, '07, '98, '99, '00, 01). A.B., Indiana University, 1901 (Zool.). Died April 28, 1904, at Olean, N. Y. Hanna, Sarah Vanessa, ('99, '00). Marion, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1901 (Eng.). Teacher of English, High School, Bloomington, Ind. ; Teacher of English, High School, Marion, Ind., at present. Hannah, William James, ('89, '90). Big Timber (?), Mont. A.B., Indiana University, 1890 (See.) ; A.M., 1893, Leland Stanford Jr. University. Editor at Big Tim- ber, Mont. Hanson, Agassiz Wayne, ('95, '96, '97, '98, '99, '00). 801 State Life Bldg., Indianapolis, Indiana. A.B., Indiana University, 1899 (Eng.). Assistant Secretary, Central Branch Brooklyn Y. M. C. A., 1900- 01 ; Assistant State Secretary, Indiana Y. M. 0. A., from 1901. Hanson, Whittier Lorenz. 224 S. Eighth St., Mon- mouth, 111. A.B., Indiana University, 1900 (Phys.). Principal of High School, Monmouth, 111., at present. Harbinson, Ida (Mrs. W. J. Von Behren), ('87, '88, '89), 318 South Henderson St., Bloomington, Ind. Married to W. J. Von Behren, 1893. Harding, Samuel Bannister, ('87, '88, '89). 737 At- water Ave., Bloomington, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1890 ; A.M., Harvard Uni- versity, 1894; Ph.D., 1898. Graduate Student, Cornell University, 1890-91 ; Harvard University ( Morgan Fel- low, 1894-95), 1893-95. Instructor in History and [125] Independent Literary Society Geography, Ethical Culture School, New York City, 1891-93 ; As>sistant Professor, Associate Professor, and Junior Professor of European History, Indiana Univer- sity, 1895-1906 ; Professor of European History, from 1906. Author: ^American History, 1781-1829,' (Sylla- bus of Department of University Extension, University of State of New York) ; 'Party Struggles Over the First Pennsylvania Constitution,' in An. Rep. Am. Hist. Asso. for 1894 ; *The Contest Over the Ratifica- tion of the Federal Constitution in the State of Mass- achusetts' (N. Y. 1896) ; 'Greek Gods, Heroes and Men' (with Mrs. Caroline B. Harding), (Chicago, 1897) ; 'The City of the Seven Hills' (with Mrs. Caro- line B. Harding), (Chicago, 1898, 1902); 'The Story of the Middle Ages' (Chicago, 1901) ; 'Essentials in Mediaeval and Modern History' (in consultation with Albert Bushnell Hart), (N. Y. 1905) ; 'Life of George R. Smith, Founder of Sedalia, Mo.' (1904) ; various articles in periodicals, etc., etc. Harmeson, Chester Ross, ('02, '03, '04, '05, '06). South Bend, Tnd. A.B., Indiana University, 1906 (Econ.). Employee of Oliver Plough Co., South Bend, Ind. Harrell, Opal Crystal, ('04, '05). Winchester, Ind. Teacher in Primary Department, Parker, Ind., from 1905. Harris. Arza C, ('00). Boxley, Ind. Principal of High School, Boxley, Ind. Harris, Thomas Legrand, ('89, '91, '92). Bloomington, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1892; A.M., 1895; A.M., Harvard, 1899. Graduate Student, Universities of [126] Register of Members Wisconsin and Indiana, 1892-93; Harvard, 1897-99; Columbia (Fellow), 1899-1900. Principal, Greens- burg (Ind.) High School and Teacher of History and English, 1893-96 ; Instructor in History, Indiana Uni- versity, from April 1, 1905 ; Banker, Sheridan, Ind. Author : ' The Evolution of the College Curriculum,' (Indianapolis, 1892) ; 'The Trent Affair and Relations with England at the Beginning of the Civil War' (In- dianapolis, 1896). Harrold, Edwin Orren, ( '97, '98, '99 ) . Marion, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1900 (Chem.) ; M.D., Rush Medical School, Chicago, 1902. Superintendent of Marion Hospital, 1902-04 ; Surgeon for Pennsylvania and Big Four Railroads, from 1904. Office, 402-403 Glass Block, Marion, Ind. Harter, Joseph Lewis, ('93, '94). 613 California Ave., South Bend, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1894 (Ped.) ; LL.B., Uni- versity of Michigan, 1900 ; M.L., ibid., 1901. Lawyer at South Bend, Ind. Hartman, Mary Elizabeth, ('93, '94). Huntington, Ind, A.B., Indiana University, 1898 (Lat.). Teacher at Huntington, Ind. Harvey, Gulie, ('93). Roseburg (?), Ind. Hayes, Ethel (Mrs. Lambert M. Barker), ('99, '00). Orange, Cal. Married to Lambert M. Barker, 1903. Hayes, Kenneth Campbell, ('06, '07). Montpelier, Ind. 11271 Independent Literary Society Haywoeth, James Haevey, ('87, '88, '89). 1040 St. Paul St., Indianapolis, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1890 (Math.) ; A.M., 1898. Agent, American Express Company, Indianapolis, Ind. Heath, Daisy A., ('99, '00). Heaton, J. M., ('86). Bloomington, Ind. A.B., DePauw University, 1900 (Eng.) ; S. T. B., 1900. M. E. Minister, 1892-1901; Furniture Dealer, Bloomington, Ind., from 1901. Heckamats^. Samuel Dillman, ('05, '06, '07). Nappanee, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1907 (Law). Graduate Student, Indiana University, 1907-08. Helvie, Chaeles a., ('87, '88). Deceased. Heibonemous, Noemat. Chase, ('93, '94, '95). 305 Pearl St., Richmond, Ind, A.B., Indiana University, 1895 (Hist.). Teacher of History and Principal of Departmental Grammar School, Richmond, Ind., from 1895. Author of *Type Studies in American History for Grammar Grades.' Hesslee, Lucy Berj^aedine, ('99, '00). Warsaw, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1903 (Eng.). Teacher in High School, Warsaw, Ind. Hesslee, Robeet, ('86, '88, '89). Masonic Temple, Logans- port, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1890 vChem.) ; A.M., 1893 ; M.D., Indiana Medical College. Indianapolis, Ind., 1891. Physician, Logansport, Ind. Author : 'The Flora of Lake Cicott and Lake Maxinkuckee, [128] Register of Members Ind.,' in Proceedings of Indiana Acad. Sci. for 189G ; *Redreaming Dreams,' in Psych, Rev. VIII ; etc. HiCKSON, Alonzo Lloyd, ('04, '05, '06, '07). Lebanon, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1907 (Law). Superintend- ent of Schools, Whitestown, Ind., 1905-06 ; Principal of High School, Sheridan, Ind., 1907-08. Hidden, W. Foster, ('93, '94). Vancouver, Wash. Brick-maker, Farmer and Cattle-ranchman near Van- couver, Wash. Hill, Howard Copeland, ('03, '04, '05, '06). Montpelier, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1906 (Hist.). Graduate Student and Assistant in History, 1906. Head of His- tory Department. High School, Brazil, Indiana, 1907 ; Teacher of History, Oak Park High School, Chicago, 111., 1907-08. HocKER, Clarence M., ('03). Keota, I. T. Student of Law, University of Kansas. Real Estate and Town-site Dealer, Headquarters at Tulsa, I. T. Hodges. Catherine Pearl, ('91, '92). Holland, Emory Edward, ('06, '07). North Vernon, Ind. Student, Indiana University School of Medicine, In- dianapolis, Ind., 1907-08. HoLLOMAN, Reed, ('91, '92). Lebanon, Ind. Lawyer, Lebanon, Ind. HoLTZMAN, Clarence Lee, ('88, '89, '90, '91, '92). 939 Winthrop Ave., Chicago, 111. A.B., Indiana University, 1892 (Bot.) ; M.S., Uni- versity of Chicago, 1901. Teacher in Murray Insti- [129] Independent Literary Society tute and West Kentucky Normal College, 1892-93; Science Teacher, High School, Huntington, Ind., 1893- 96 ; Science Teacher, High School, Houston, Texas, 1896-1900 ; Head of Department of Biology, Penn Col- lege, Oskaloosa, Iowa, 1901-03 ; Instructor in Biology, Robert Waller High School, Chicago, from 1903. HOLTZMAN, Rice, ('85, '86). Stinesville, Ind. M.D., Loui^ille Medical College, 1893(7). Physi- cian at Smithville, Ind., and Stinesville, Ind., from 1893. Hoover, Elmer G., ('93, '94, '95). Carlisle, Ind. Member of Firm of P. L. Hoover & Bros., Proprie- tors of Dr. Cox's Barbed Wire Liniment, Carlisle, Ind. HoRMELL, Orren Chalmer, ('04, '05). Crawfordsville, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1904 (Hist.) ; A.M., 1905. Assistant in History, Indiana University, 1904-05 ; Head of History Department, High School, Crawfords- ville, Ind., from 1905. HoRRELL, Pannte Evelyn, ('07). Richmond, Ind. HoRT, Mary Etta (Mrs. Charles C. Krauskopf), ('91). 900 N. Eighth Ave., Maywood, 111. HoucK, Fred R., ('02). Gas City, Ind. D.D.S., Indiana Dental College, 1906. Howard, B. Adna, ('93). McBain, Mich. Howard, Olive, ('93). Hudleson, Clara Elsa, ('98). Greenfield, Ind. Teacher in Schools, Greenfield, Ind., from 1898. [ISO] Register of Members Hughes, James Boaz, ('88, '89). Merced, Cal. A.B., Indiana University, 1889 (Hist.). Principal of High School, Merced, Cal., 1904. Hunter, Lida (Mrs. Charles E. Stewart), ('95, '96, '97). Marion, Ind. HusEB, William A., ('93). Hastings, Okla. Democratic Nominee for State Representative, Spencer Co. ; Lawyer in Hastings, Okla., from 1900 ; Candidate for Probate Judge, 1906. HuTTON, Herbert Ernest, ('98, '99, '00). A.B., Indiana University, 1902 (Ger.) ; LL.B., 1904. Formerly Lawyer at Danville, Ind. INMAN, Ephriam, ('88, '89). Washington, Ind. Member Indiana State Senate ; Attorney at Wash- ington, Ind. Jones, Belle Clowdesley (Mrs. Frank R. Miller), ('03). Clinton, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1903 (Lat.). Graduate Student, 1905. Jones, Ralph, ('87). A.B., Indiana University, 1888 (Phil.). Formerly Superintendent of Schools, Yorkville, 111. JUDAY, Chancey, ('93, '94, '95, '96). 610 Lake St., Madi- son, Wis. A.B., Indiana University, 1896 (Zool.) ; A.M., 1897, Curator of Museum, Indiana University, 1896-98 ; Teacher of Science, High School, Evansville, Ind., 1898-1900 ; Assistant Biologist, Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, 1900-01 ; Assistant in Bi- [131] Independent Literary Society ology, University of Colorado, 1902-03 ; Acting Pro- fessor of Biology, ibid., 1903-04 ; Instructor in Zoology, University of California, 1904-05 ; Assistant, U. S., Bureau of Fisheries, summers of 1899, 1902, 1903 and 1904 ; Assistant Biologist, Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, from 1905. Author : 'Hy- drographic Map of Turkey Lake, Indiana' ; 'The Plank- ton at Turkey Lake' ; 'The Plankton of Winona Lake' ; *Diurnal Movement of Plankton Crustacea' ; 'List of Fishes Collected in Boulder Co., Colorado, with De- scription of a New Species of Leuciscus' ; 'Food of the Trout in the Kern River Region' ; 'Investigations at Lake Tahoe' ; 'A Biological Investigation of Twin Lakes, Colorado' ; 'Three New Species of Ostracoda from the Pacific Ocean.' Keim, Joseph W\, ('94, '95). Everett, Wash. Farmer near Lima, Ind., 1895-1900 ; Teacher in West, 1900-02 ; Lumber dealer, Snowhomiole and Everett, Wash., from 1902. Keller, Elsie Gertrude (Mrs. Hal E. Driver), ('04). Bloomington, Ind. Married to Hal E. Driver, 1906. Kelly, Anna Helen (Mrs. Albert J. Vanneman), ('91). 505 Oakley St., Evansville, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1891 (Ger.). Kerns, Lela (Mrs. Ward Hanger), ('98, '99, '00). Kessler, James, ('04, '05). Portland, Ind. Teacher, Salem, Ind., 1905-06. Kester, Korah (Mrs. Robert McDill), ('91, '94, '95). Newcastle, Ind. Married to Robert McDill, 1896. [132] Register of Members Kimball, George W., ('93, '94). King, Cyrus Ambrose, ('93). Gresham Court, W. 140th St., New York City. A.B., Indiana University, 1893 (Bot.) ; A.B., Har- vard University, 1897; A.M., ibid., 1898; Ph.D., ibid., 1902. Principal of High School and Teacher of Na- tural Science, Decor ah, Iowa, 1893-96 ; Instructor in Botany, Indiana University, 1900-02 ; now Teacher in DeWitt Clinton High School, New York City. King, Everett Edgar, ('99). KiNZiE, Henry Clinton, ('85, '86, '89). Warmspring, Ore. A.B., Indiana University, 1889 (Hist.). KiNziE, Titus Edmund, ('86, '87, '90). South Bend, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1891 (Gr.). Graduate Student, Chicago University, 1894-95. Principal of High School, Greenfield, Ind., 1891-94; Principal of School Department, Indiana Institute for Education of Blind, Indianapolis, Ind., 1895-1902; Surveyor of St. Joseph Co., South Bend, Ind., from 1904. KiRBY, Mary Alice, ('05, 'U6, '07). Bloomington, Ind. Teacher near Bloomington, Ind., 1905-07. Kitch, Claude Ellis, ('06, '07). Huntington, Ind. Klopsch, Otto Paul, ('88, '89, '94, '95, '96). Mascoutah, 111. A.B., Indiana University, 1896 (Ger.). Formerly Head of Department of German, High School, Peoria, 111. Superintendent of Schools, Mascoutah, 111. Knause, Edna (Mrs. O. E. Tomes), ('03). 26 Dearborn St., Indianapolis, Ind. [133] Independent Literary Society Knause, Frances (Mrs. Charles Tobias Knipp), ('93, '94). 502 N. Illinois St., Urbana, 111. Teacher, Anderson City Schools, 1894-96; Married to Charles T. Knipp, 1896 ; Student, Ithaca Conserva- tory of Music, Ithaca, N. Y., 1898-99 ; Winner of Har- mony Prize, 1899. Knight, Beetha Ethel (Mrs. Henry Landes), ('89). 4503 Brooklyn Ave., Seattle, Wash. A.B., Indiana University, 1891 (Hist.). Knipe, Florence Emma, i'97, '98, '99, '00, '03, '04). Vin- cennes, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1900 (Chem.). Graduate Student, Indiana University, 1903-04 ; Principal of High School, Brownstov^n, Ind., 1900-01 ; Principal of High School, North Judson, Ind., 1901-03; Head of Department of Biology, High School, Vincennes, Ind., from 1904. Knipp, Julius Wlliam, ('93, '94). 2140 Central Ave., Indianapolis, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1894 (Hist.). Manufac- turer (The Kindergarten Toy Co., Office, 2120 Central Ave.), Indianapolis, Ind., from 1894. Krauskopf, Charles Clovis, ('90, '91). 900 N. Eighth Ave., May wood, 111. A.B., Indiana University, 1893 (Bot.) ; A.M., 1894. Teacher. Lammers, Louise Katherine, ('04, '05). Terre Haute, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1905 (Lat.). Teacher of Latin, High School, Terre Haute, Ind., from 1905. [184] Register of Members Landes, Henry, ('88, '89, '90). 4503 Brooklyn Ave., Seattle, Wash. A.B., Indiana University, 1892 (Geol.) ; A.B., Har- vard University, 1892 ; A.M., 1893. Assistant to State Geologist of New Jersey, 1893-94 ; Principal of High School, Rockland, Me., 1894-95 ; Professor of Geology, University of Washington, from 1895. State Geologist of Washington, from 1901. Fellow A.A.A.S. ; Member of National Geographical Society, etc. Editor of, and contributor to, 'Annual Reports of Washington Geolog- ical Survey', 1901, 1902. LEATHERMAisr, IvY Gerteude, ('01). Trinidad, Colo. Teacher near Rockville, Ind., 1901-06 ; Grade Teacher, City Schools of Trinidad, Colo., from 1906. Leavell, Jessie Read, ('04). Winchester, Ind. Student at DePauw University, Greencastle, Ind., 1906-07. Lee, Bertha Burns, ('03, '04, '05). Greensburg, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1905 (Eng.). Teacher of English, High School, Gaston, Ind., from 1905. Leffel, James Monahan, ('02). Brazil, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1907 (Hist.). Teacher of History, Brazil (Ind.) High School, from 1907. Lemon, Clement Charles, ('93, '94). LaGrange, Mo. A.B., Indiana University, 1894 (Bot.) ; A.M., Uni- versity of Michigan, 1899. Teacher in College, Troy, Mo., 1894-95 ; Teacher of Science, High School, Han- nibal, Mo., 1895-96 : Teacher of Science, La Grange College, La Grange, Mo., 1896-98; Teacher in Detroit [135] Independent Literary Society Normal School, Detroit, Mich., 1899; Teacher in Col- lege, Kalamazoo, Mich., 1901 ; Mission Worker in Cuba ; Teacher in La Grange College, La Grange, Mo., from 1906. Lewis, Evangeline Elizabeth, ('88, '89, '94). Hunting- ton, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1894 (Math.). Teacher of Mathematics, High School, Huntington, Ind. LiNDLEY, William Edgar, ('87, '88, '89, '90). A.B., Indiana University, 1891 (Phil.). LiVENGOOD, William Winfred, ('04, '05, '06, '07). Hills- boro, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1907 (Eng.). Superin- tendent of Schools, Hillsboro, Ind., 1904-06; Assistant in English, Indiana University, Spring Terms, 1904, 1905, 1906; Teacher of English, Shortridge High School, Indianapolis, Ind., 1907-08. LocKHART, Oliver Cary, ('00). Ithaca, N. Y. A.B., Indiana University, 1903 (Econ,). Now Grad- uate Student in Cornell University. LocKRiDGE, Robert Bruce, ('00, '01, '02). Died March 28, 1903, at Louisville, Ky. LocKRiDGE, Ross FRANKLIN, ('98, '99, '00). Shawnee, Okla. A.B., Indiana University, 1900 (Hist.) ; LL.B., 1907. Head of History Department, High School, Peru, Ind., 1900-03; Principal of same, 1903-05; Instructor in Debating and Public Speaking, Indiana University, 1905-07; Lawyer, Shawnee, Okla., from 1907. [136] Register of Members LOGAN, Gertrude, ('85, '86). Logan, Mary Margaret (Mrs. Charles V. Spencer), ('90). R. F. D. No. 4, New Salem, Indiana. A.B., Indiana University, 1891 (Ger.). Teacher, 1891-93 ; Married to Charles V. Spencer, 1894. LOGAN, Myrta Alma (Mrs. Charles M. Beall), ('85, '86, '87). Clarksburg, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1888 (Gk.). Married to Charles M. Beall, 1889. Long, Benjamin Franklin, ('93, '94, '95). Logansport, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1901 (Hist.) ; LL.B., 1901. Lawyer. Long, Philander Lawrence, ('99, '00). LOWE, LoTTA (Mrs. William Lowe Bryan), '85, '86). 812 N. College Ave., Bloomington, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1888 (Gk.) ; A.M., 1889. Author: 'Plato, the Teacher' (with W. L. Bryan); 'The Republic of Plato' (with W. L. Bryan). Married to W. L. Bryan, 1889. Lyons, Ora Payne, ('98, '99). McCaughan, Ina (Mrs. Shaw), ('93, '94). Holten, Kan. McConnell, Lula v., ('96). McCray, Frances, ('95). Hotel Trenton, Los Angeles, Gal. McDiLL, Jennie (Mrs. Melville S. Woods), ('91). Prince- ton, Ind. [137] Independent Literary Society McDiLL, Robert McKee, ('91, '92, '93, '94, '95). New- castle, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1894 (Math.) ; A.M., 1898. Teacher of Mathematics in High School, Newcastle, Ind., from 1895. McGregor, Alfred Gay, ('95, '97). 461 Clifton Ave., Lexington, Ky. A.B., Indiana University, 1897 (Hist.) ; A.B., Har- vard University, 1900. Principal of Township High School, Union Mills, Ind., 1897-99; Superintendent of Schools, Rushville, Ind., 1900-04; Superintendent of Schools, Corydon, Ky., 1904-06; Member of Faculty, Kentucky State College, Lexington, Ky., from 1906. McMAHON, Adah, ('85, '86). 631 Columbia St., Lafay- ette, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1889 (Gk.) ; A.M., 1892; M.D., Northwestern University, 1897. Teacher in Evansville Classical School, Evansville, Ind., 1889-1892 ; Teacher of Greek, High School, Duluth, Minn., 1892- 94 ; Physician in Lafayette, Ind., from 1897. Member of Consulting Staff of Lafayette Home Hospital and Indiana State Soldiers' Home Hospital ; Lecturer to Nurses in same Institution. Author: 'Membraneous Enteritis,' Indiana State Med. Soc, 1889 ; ^Treatment of Infantile Convulsions,' N. Y. Med. Jour., March '03. McMahon, Nancy (Mrs. John Wesley Jones), ('88, '89, '90, '91). 41 Norwood St., Everett Station, Boston, Mass. A.B., Indiana University, 1891 (Gr.). McMannis, John T., ('94, '95). McNabb, Wilda Mae, ('95, '96). Columbia City, Ind. Teacher near Columbia City. [138] Register of Members Maddox, William Fletcher, ('8G, '87). Linton, Ind. Magers, Marcella Gertrude, ('05, '06, '07). Churubusco, Ind. MALCOLM, Andrew Morton, ('85, '86). Eau Claire, Pa. A.B., Indiana University, 1887 (Gk.). Student in Theological Seminary, 1889, ; Pastor of Associate Presbyterian Church, Eau Claire, Pa., from 1894. Marston, Carl Morton, ('99, '00). 405y2 Mecca Bldg., Chicago, 111. A.B., University of Michigan, 1903. On Newspaper Tour of Pacific Northwest, summer of 1903 ; Reporter, ^Chicago Record-Herald,' 1903-06; Copy Reader and Headline Writer, 'Chicago Chronicle,' from 1906. Short Story Writer for Magazines. Martin, May, ('95). MEANS, John Harrison, ('85, '86, '87). Sekondi, Gold Coast Colony, West Africa. A.B., Indiana University, 1891 (GeoL). Mining En- gineer. Meek, Charles Simpson, V^, '89, '90, '91). Elwood, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1891 (Hist.). Superin- tendent of Schools, Elwood, Ind. Meek, Kate Mitchell, ('90, '93, '94, '95, '96, '97, '98, '99, *00). Marion, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1896 (Math.). Graduate Student, University of Iowa, part of 1902 ; Teacher of Mathematics, High School, Bloomington, Ind., 1896- 1902; Teacher in High School, Ft. Dodge, Iowa, 1902-03; Teacher in High School, Marion, Ind., from 1903. [139] Independent Literary Society Mehaffie, MA.RY, ('04, *05, '06, '07, '08). Logansport, Ind. Teacher in Logansport Schools, 1906-07. Merriman, Curtis, ('96, '97, '98, '99). Bluff ton, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1902 (Phil.). Teacher of Mathematics, High School, Crawfordsville, Ind., 1902- 04; Principal of High School, Bluffton, Ind., from 1904. Merrimaint, James Bainford, ('97, '98). Mt. Zion, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1902 (Hist.). Lawyer at Mt. Zion, Ind. Miller, George B., ('90, '91). San Francisco, Cal. A.B., Stanford University, 1893 (Math.) ; A.M., 1894. Graduate Student, Chicago University, 1899. Head of Department of Mathematics, California School of Me- chanical Arts, 1894-99; Vice-Principal ibid., 1900-03; President of Cogswell Poly technical College, TVenty- sixth and Folsom Sts., San Francisco, Cal., from 1903. Miller, Harry David, ('9e5, '96). Miller, Lillian (Mrs. Sidney Keith Ganiard), ('95, '96, '97). Lagrange, Ind. Married to Sidney K. Ganiard, 1899. Miller, Zora Helen, ('02, '03, '04). Bloomington, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1904 (Hist.). Head of History Department, High School, Bloomington, Ind., 1904-06; Letter Clerk, Montgomery Ward & Co., Chi- cago, 111., 1906-07. Milroy, William Denton, ('90, '91, '92, '93, '94). A.B., Indiana University, 1894 (Med.) ; M.D., Col- lege of Physicians and Surgeons, Chicago, 1900. Phy- [140] Register of Members sician, Metea, Ind., 1900-03 ; Physician, Logansport, Ind., 1903-07. Died Jan. 27, 1907, at Logansport, Ind. Miner, A. B., ('96, '97). MiNGER, Clarence Conrad, ('05, '06). Versailles, Ind. Mitchell, James Austin, ('86). A.B., Indiana University, 1887 (Phil.) ; A.M., 1890. MOFFETT, Webster Voorhees, ('85, '86, '89). Bloom- field, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1889 (Hist.) ; LL.B., Uni- versity of Michigan, 1894. Lawyer in Bloomfield, Ind., from 1894. Moon, Alpheus Wilberforce, V^) . Pleasantville, N. J. A.B., Indiana University, 1895 (Phil.). Superin- tendent of Schools, Pleasantville, N. J. Moon, B. C, ('86, '87). Kokomo, Ind. Lawyer and Law Writer, Kokomo, Ind. Author of 'Treatise on the Removal of Causes from the State to the Federal Courts.' Morris, George Davis, ('88, '89. '90). Bloomington, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1890; A.M., 1895. Stu- dent in Paris, 1895-96, 1906-08 ; University of Grenoble, summer, 1901. Principal of High School, Independence, Kan., 1890-91 ; Instructor in French and German, Jar- vis Hall, Denver, 1891-93 ; Instructor in French, Indi- ana University, 1893-96 ; Assistant Professor of French, 1896-1904; Associate Professor of French, from 1904. (On leave of absence in Europe 1906-08.) Morrison, Alonzo Edgar, ('03, '04). Princeton, Ind. Principal of High School. Mt. Olympus. Ind., 1906-07. [141] Independent Literary Society MORRISON, William LaGrange, ('85, '86, '87, '88). Scottsburg, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1888 (Phil.). Superintend- ent of Schools, Hayden, Ind., 1889-90 ; County Superin- tendent Schools, Scott County, 1890-98 ; Superintend- ent of Schools, Scottsburg, Ind., 1898-1904; Clerk of Circuit Court, Scott County, from 1904. MosKER, RoLLA E., ('07). Columbia City, Ind. Mueller, Lillian Barbara, ('06, '07). Pasadena Flats, Indianapolis, Ind. Student, Indiana University School of Medicine, In- dianapolis, Ind., 1907-08. Myers, William A., ('93, '94, '95, '96). Hartford City, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1896 (Hist.) ; A.M., 1899. Principal of High School, Fortville, Ind., 1896-98 ; Su- perintendent of Schools, Shoals, Ind., 1899-1900 ; Prin- cipal of Martin County Normal School, and Superin- tendent of Fortville (Ind.) Schools, 1900-06; Principal of High School, Hartford City, Ind., from 1906. Neher, Edwin Manson, ('98, '99, '00). Rossville, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1901 (Zool.) ; B^S., Uni- versity of Chicago, 1903. Student in Rush Medical College, Chicago, 1903 . Newton, Hallie E., ('05). Dana, Ind. Nichols, Grace, ('91). Nolan, Aretas Wilbur, ('94, '95, '96, '97, '98). Lima, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1905 (Bot.). Teacher in District Schools, Edgar Co., Illinois, 1895-98; Teacher 1.142] Register of Members in Graded Schools, Vermillion, 111., 1898-1900; Prin- cipal of High School, Cayuga, Ind., 1900-03; Superin- tendent of Schools, Lima, Ind., from 1903. NOEQUEST, Mamie, ('99, '00). Williamsport(?), Ind. NUCKOLS, Haidee Carrington, ('85, '86, '87, '88). Bloomington, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1888 (Ger.). Resident of Bloomington, Ind. Nyswander, Reuben Edson, ('97, '98, '99, '00, '01). Washington, D. C. A.B., Indiana University, 1901 (Phys.) ; A.M., 1904. Magnetic Observer, U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, Washington, D. C. Author of 'A Modified Wehnelt Interrupter' (with A. L. Foley), Electrical World and Engineer, XXXIX; etc. Orme, Hence Irwin, ('94, '95, '96, '97). R. F. D. No. 17, Greenwood, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1896 (Ger.). Farmer near Greenwood, Ind. Otto, Frances Louise, ('88). Menominee (?), Wis. Oxer, Rosa Lee, ('90, '91). Bina, India. A.B., Indiana University, 1891 (Bot.) ; A.M., Hiram College, Ohio, 1894; M.D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, Cleveland, O., 1896. Medical Missionary, Bina, India. American address : Campbellstown, Ohio. PAINTER, Joanna (Mrs. Alvin Heiney), ('85, '86). Mon- rovia, Ind. Resident of Monrovia, Ind., from 1886; Married to Alvin Heiney, 1888. [143] Independent Literary Society PAINTER, Naomi (Mrs. Elijah J. Shaw), ('85, '86). Plainfield, Ind. Teacher near Omaha, Neb., 1889-90; Married to Elijah J. Shaw, 1892 ; Resident of Plainfield, Ind., from 1892. Patten, William Thomas, ('88, '89). 160 E. Market St., Indianapolis, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1893 (Hist.). Real Estate Dealer, Indianapolis, Ind. Patterson, Normal Voorhees, ('91, '92, '93, '94, '95). New Salem, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1895 (Chem.). Teacher in Schools of Laurel, Ind., and Brookville, Ind., 1906 ; Teacher in Richland Township Schools, Richland, Ind.. from 1906. Pearson, Blanch (Mrs. Ira Church), ('02). Peru, Ind. Perkins, Ernest L., ('93, '94, '95). Somerset (?), Ind. Perrin, John H., ('93). Latham, 111. LL.B., Indiana University, 1899; M.D., Louisville Medical College, Louisville, Ky. Principal of High School, Latham, 111., for five years ; Physician, Latham, 111., from 1905. Philips, Evelette Robinson, ('97, '98). Died June 14, 1901, at Bloomington, Ind. Philips, Lulu Jane, ('97, '98, '00, '01, '02, '03, '04). 709 Atwater Ave., Bloomington, Ind. Philips, Maud Marguerite, ('01, '02, '03, '04, '05). Lima, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1905 (Hist.). Teacher of English and History, High School, Lima, Ind., from 1905. [144] Register of Members Philips, Myeta May (Mrs. Aretas Wilbur Nolan), ('95, ^96, '97). Lima, Ind. Married to Aretas W. Nolan, 1898. PiCKARD, Gloria May (Mrs. Lee O. Woolery), ('01, '02, '03). Bedford, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1903 (Lat.). PiNKERTON, John Clarence, ('91, '94, '95, '96, '97). 740 Grand River Ave., Detroit, Mich. A.B., Indiana University, 1897 (Eng.) ; B.D., Alle- ghany Theological Seminary, 1900. Pastor of United Presbyterian Churches, Ontario and Tiro, O., 1900-03 ; Pastor of First United Presbyterian Church, Detroit, Mich., from 1903. Moderator of Mansfield Presbytery, 1901 ; Moderator of Detroit Presbytery, 1904 ; Super- intendent of Missions, Detroit, from 1904 ; Secretary of Board of Trustees, Michigan Anti-Saloon League, from 1907. PiNKERTON, William Stewart, ('88, '89, '91). 621 N. College Ave., Bloomington, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1891 (Gr.) ; A.M., 1895. Gardener and Fruit Grower near Bloomington, Ind. Polk, Mary, ('88, '89, '90, '91). 277 Calle San Marcelino, Manila, P. I. A.B., Indiana University, 1891 (Phil.) ; A.B., Stan- ford University, 1895; A.M., 1896. Librarian, Bureau of Government Laboratories, Manila, P. I. Porch, Anna (Mrs. Werter D. Dodd), ('95, '96, '97, '98). Bellingham, Wash. [145] Independent Literary Society Porch, Lois (Mrs. J. W. Showalter), ('93, '94). East Radford, Va. Teacher in Grades, Bloomington, Ind., 1894-95 ; As- sistant Teacher, Bleak Ridge High School, 1896-97; Married to J. W. Showalter, 1896. PORCH, Margaret (Mrs. Francis Marion Hamilton), ('85, '87, '95, '96, '97). 432 W. 124th St., N. Y. City. A.B., Indiana University, 1897 (Eng.). Teacher of English, High School, Bloomington, Ind., 1897-1900; Head of English Department, High School, Anderson, Ind., 1900-1904 ; Married to F. M. Hamilton, 1904. Porch, Quinta (Mrs. Robert W. Chatfield), ('93, '94, '97, '98). Seymour, Conn. In Illinois Training School for Nurses, Chicago, 111., 1898-1901 ; Married to R. W. Chatfield, 1902. POTE, Grace (Mrs. J. S. Elliott), ('00). 4602 Prairie Ave., Chicago, 111. First Assistant, High School, New Harmony, Ind., 1900-04. Married to J. S. Elliott, 1904. Powell, Sadie, ('96, '97, '98). Goldendale, Wash. Price, Francis M., ('92). Ft. Wayne (?), Ind. Employee of American Book Co., with headquarters at Fort Wayne, Indiana (?) Price, Hannah Joyce (Mrs. Clayton R. Wise), ('02, '03, '04). Surigao, Mindanao, P. I. Teacher in Frankfort Schools, 1904-06. Married to Clayton R. Wise, 1906. Price, William, ('95). Rambo, Agatha, ('89, '90). [146] Register of Members Rambo, Alt a, {'SS, '89, '90). Ramsey, Arthur M., ('00, '01). 433 Hopkins St., Cin- cinnati, Ohio. D.D.S., Cincinnati Dental College, 1907. Farmer, 1901-04. Ramsey, Ila Jane (Mrs. Clement Charles Lemon), ('90, '91, '92, '93, '94). R. F. D. No. 3, Camden, O. A.B., Indiana University, 1894 (Med.). Married to Clement C. Lemon, 1895. Ramsey, Rolla Roy, ('93, '94, '95, '96, '97). Blooming- ton, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1895; A.M., 1898; Ph.D., Cornell University, 1901. Student, Clark University (Scholar), 1898-99; Graduate Student, Cornell Uni- versity (Scholar), 1900-01; Laboratory Assistant in Physics, Indiana University, 1896-97 ; Professor of Physics, Westminster College, 1897-98; Assistant in Physics, Cornell University, Sept. to Nov., 1899 ; In- structor in Physics, Indiana University, December to June, 1899-1900 ; Instructor in Physics, University of Missouri, 1901-03 ; Assistant Professor of Physics, In- diana University, from 1903. Author : *The Effect of Gravity and Pressure on Electrolytic Cells,' Physics Re- view, XIII ; 'The Change of Volume in Chalk and Cadmium Cells and Its Relation to Change of Electro- motive Force Due to Pressure,' Physics Review, XVI ; etc., etc. Rankin, Anna Lowry (Mrs. Lon Sharpless Baker), ('02). Greensburg, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1905 (Lat.). Married to Lon S. Baker, 1907. [147] Independent Literary Society Raper, Lula Alma, ('05, '06). Elwood, Ind. Teacher in Elwood Schools, 1906-07. Ratliff, Russell, ('90, '91, '92). Harlem, Mont. A.B., Indiana University, 1892 (Phil.). Teacher in Indiana Institute for Education of Blind, Indianapolis, Ind., 1892-98 * Disciplinarian, Indian Boarding School, Pine Ridge, Indian Reservation, S. D., 1898 ; Superin- tendent of Schools, Omaha Indian Reservation, Ne- braska, 1898-1903 ; Superintendent of Fort Peck Indian Reservation, Montana, 1903-05 ; Chief Clerk, Omaha Agency, Neb., 1905 ; Chief Clerk, Fort Belknap Indian Reservation, Mont., from 1905. Ratts, Henry Jackson, ('86, '87, '88). Martinsville, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1888 (Phil.). Farmer near Martinsville, Ind. Rector, Willis, ('93, '94, '95). Frankton (?),.Ind. Redic, Rupert Byers, ('05, '06). 416 Templeton Bldg., Salt Lake City, Utah. Employee of Wells-Fargo Express Co., El Paso, Texas, ; Manager of Branch House of Colliers Pub. Co., Salt Lake City, Utah, at present^ Redmond, William, ('93, '94, '95, '96). A.B., Indiana University, 1896 (Hist). Graduate Student, University of Wisconsin, 1904. Reed, Cora, ('04). Mitchell, Ind. Reed, Ohio Leon, ('96, '97). Reed, Fannie (Mrs. Roy Perring), ('95, '97). Grinnell, Iowa. [148] Register of Members Remsburg, Charles Edward, ('87, '88, '89). 3414 Fre- mont Ave., Seattle, Wash. A.B., Indiana University, 1889 (Soc). Lawyer, Seattle, Wash., 1889-1905; President of Remsburg and Dixon Bank, Seattle, Wash., from 1905. Rhodes, Minnie. Richards, Bina Livingston, ('06). R. F. D., No. 12, Malott Park, Ind. RiDENOUR, Minnie, ('94, '95, '96, '97, '98, '99). Hicks- ville (?), Ohio. RiKEB, Bertha Anna, ('91). RoBiNETT, Florence Belle, ('92, '93, '94, '96). Oregon, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1896 (Chem.). Teacher in Public Schools, Clark Co., Indiana, from 1896. Robinson, Jessie Bernette, ('06, '07). Cloverland, Ind. Teacher in the Indianapolis Schools, 1907-08. Robinson, William, ('93, '94, '95, '96, '97). Frankfort, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1897 (Hist.). Formerly Teacher of Mathematics, High School, Frankfort, Ind. Rogers, Mary T. (Mrs. Richard H. Burdsall), ('88, '89, '90). 381 Irving Ave., Port Chester, N. Y. Teacher, Pendleton, Ind., 1892-95; Traveling, 1895- 98. Married to R. H. Burdsall, 1898; Secretary of Board of Trustees, Ladies' Hospital Association of Port Chester ; Vice President of Program and Lecture Sections of Federated Woman's Club of Port Chester; Member of Board of Trustees and Chairman of Educa- [149] Independent Literary Society tional Committee, Preparatory School of Chappaqua Mountain Institute, Chappaqua, N. Y, ; Member of Board of Trustees and of Educational Committee of an Orphan Asylum, N. Y. City. Rogers, Mary Reubana, C02). Union Mills, Ind. Rogers, Verne Tallulah, ('04, '05, '06, '07). Blooming- ton, Ind. Teacher near Bloomington, Ind., 1905-07. Rose, Minnie P., ('93, '94). Ruby, Flossie Faye, ('02, '04, '05, '06). Osgood, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1907 (Ger.). RYAN, Ella (Mrs. Webster Voorhees Mofifett), ('85, '86, '87, '88, '89). Bloomfield, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1889 (Ger.). Teacher of German and French in College, Williamsburg, Ky., 1889-90 ; Married to W. V. Mofeett, 1890. Sampson, Hiram C, ('91). Pullman, Wash. A.B., Indiana University, 1897 (Eng.). Assistant Professor of English, Washington Agricultural College. Saunders, Edward Martin, ('87). Schaerger, George L., ('93, '94). Chicago, 111. Schwartz, Esther Anna, ('04, '05, '06). Bedford, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1906 (Ger.). Teacher of German, High School, Bedford, Ind., from 1906. Scudder, Frances Adelia, ('02, '03). Roswell, N. M. Teacher, Westphalia, Ind., 1903-05; Teacher, Bick- nell, Ind., 1905-06; Teacher, Roswell, N. M., 1906-07. Sears, Ernest W., ('92). Russellville, Ky. [150] Register of Members Seiberth, Jacob, ('95, '96). 57 The Lexington, Indian- apolis (?), Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1898 (Ger.). Medical Student in Indianapolis, 1904. Shafer, John Andrew, ('93, '94, '95). 3719 North Illinois St., Indianapolis, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1894 ; A.M., 1895. Gradu- ate Student (Scholar), University of Buffalo, 1897-98; Superintendent of Schools, ^ 1895-97, 1898-19(X); Professor of Political Science and Pedagogy, University of Omaha, ; Division Engineer of Indianapolis and Northwestern Traction Line, ; Superintendent of Construction, Indiana Northern, ; Chief Engineer of Indianapolis-Chicago Air Line, ; Superintendent of Construction, American Engineering Co., Indian- apolis, Ind., at present. Author of 'Hygiene of School Architecture' in Inland Educator, 1897. SHANNON, Kate (Mrs. Elmer Bryant Stewart), ('85, '86). 4547 Champlain Ave., Chicago, 111. A.B., Indiana University, 1888 (Gr.). Shea, Agnes E., ('88, '89). 31 The Wyandot, Indianapolis, Ind. Teacher in School No. 4, Indianapolis, Ind. SHEA, Joseph Hooker, ('85, '86, '87, '88, '89). Seymour, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1889 (Hist). Attorney at Scottsburg, Ind., 1889-98; Attorney at Seymour, Ind., from 1898. Prosecuting Attorney, Sixth Judicial Dis- trict, 1892-96; State Senator from Scott, Clark and Jennings Counties, one term ; Judge of Fourth Judicial Circuit from 1906 ; Trustee of Indiana University for twelve years. [151] Independent Literary Society Shetterly, Fred, ('04, '05, '06). Ithaca, N. Y. A.B., Indiana University, 1906 (Chem.). Graduate Student (Assistant), Cornell University, from 1906. Shimee, Charles B., ('93, '94). 413 Scott St., Covington, Ky. Shockley, Elsie L. (Mrs. Ross Franklin Lockridge) , ('98, '99, '00). Shawnee, Okla. Married to Ross F. Lockridge, 1902. Shockley, Ernest, ('98, '99, '00, '01). Angola, Ind. Superintendent of Schools, Angola, Ind., from 1903. Sieberth, Philipp, ('98). A.M., Indiana University, 1898 (Ger.). Formerly Instructor in German, Indiana University, 1900-01. SiLV^, Oscar William, ('02, '03, '05, '06, '07). Mc- Cordsville, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1907 (Phys.). Teacher in Graded School, near Windfall, Ind., 1902-03, 1904-05; Teacher in Lapel, Ind., 1903-04. Assistant in Manual Training Laboratory, Indiana University, Spring of 1907 ; Teacher of Physics and Chemistry, High School, Frankfort, Ind., 1907-08. Smith, Alice Latjrella, ('94, '95). Minneapolis, Minn. Teacher in Schools, Bloomington, Ind., 1895-97 ; Grad- uate of City School of Nurses, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1897 ; Private Nurse, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1897-1904; Superin- tendent of Nurses' Training School, Asbury Hospital, Minneapolis, Minn., 1904-05; Student, Columbia Uni- versity, 1905-06; Superintendent of Nurses' Training School, Asbury Hospital, Minneapolis, Minn., from May, 1907. [152] Rigister of Members Smith, Beenina, ('88, '89, '90). Lebanon, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1893 (Hist.). Teacher. Smith, Clara Ethel (Mrs. Rolla Roy Ramsey), ('93, '94, '97). 615 E. Third St., Bloomington, Ind. Married to R. R. Ramsey, 1897. Smith, Eva Martha (Mrs. John H. Minnick), ('01, '02, '04, '05, '06). Normal, Illinois. Married to J. H. Minnick, 1907. Smith, Florence Beatty (Mrs. James Stott), ('01). Brookville, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1901 (Chem.). Smith, Grace, ('97, '98, '99, '00). Elwood, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1903 (Eng.). Teacher, Eaton, Ind., 1903-04 ; Teacher of English, High School, Elwood, Ind., from 1904. Smith, Inez Mabel, ('02, '03, '04, '06, '07). Bloomington, Ind. Smith, Ira Melville, ('06, '07). Bloomington, Ind. Smith, Jack Handy, ('94, '95, '97). Washington, D. C. Cartoonist on ^Indianapolis Journal,' ; Cartoon- ist on ^Washington Herald,' 1907. Smith, Jessie Agnes, ('95, '96, '97, '99, '00). Urbana, 111. A.B., Indiana University, 1900 (Rom. Lang.). Grad- uate Student, Missouri University, 1902-03. Teacher of French, Boarding School, Mt. Pleasant, Pa., 1900-01: Teacher, High School, Westfield, Ind., 1903-04 ; Stenog- rapher to President of Illinois University, from 1905. [153] Independent Literary Society Smith, Lee H., ('88, '89). M.D., Louisville Medical College, Louisville, Ky., 1891. Physician, Lexington, Ind., 1891-93; Member of Board of Pension Examiners, 1893. Died at Lexing- ton, Ind., Nov. 20, 1893. Smith, Lola Jane, ('01, '02, '03, '04). Bloomington, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1901 (Hist.). Teacher in Schools, Bloomington, Ind., from 1901. Smith, Nora Jane (Mrs. John H. Morris), ('96, '97, '98, '00). Union City, Ind. Smith, William Z., ('93, '94, '95, '96). R. F. D. No. 3, Lone Wolf, Okla. A.B., Indiana University, 1896 (Phil.). Graduate Student, Indiana State Normal, 1896; Graduate Stu- dent, Indiana University, Summer Term, 1900-01. Superintendent of Schools, Ft. Branch, Ind., 1896-99; Superintendent of Schools, Brookston, Ind., 1899-1901 ; Superintendent of Schools, Hobart, Okla., 1901-04 ; Farmer near Hobart, from 1904. SoLLiTT, Ralph Victor, (06, '07). Peru, Ind. SoMERS, Charles Eldon, ('87). Spaulding, Elizabeth Louisa (Mrs. Orren Chalmer Hor- mell), ('03, '04, '05). Crawfordsville, Ind. Married to Orren G. Hormell, 1905. Spencer, Flora, ('93, '94, '96, '97, '98, '99). 507 N. Cap- itol Ave., Indianapolis, Ind. Sperlin, Otis Bedney, ('03). Kokomo, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1903 (Eng.). Teacher of English, High School, Kokomo, Ind. [154] Register of Members Stant, Bert, ('01, '02). Dublin (?), Indiana. Starbuck, Edwin Diller, ('86, '87, '88, '89, '90). Iowa City, Iowa. A.B., Indiana University, 1890 (Math.) ; A.B., Har- vard University, 1894; A.M., 1895; Ph.D., Clark Uni- versity, 1897. Graduate Student (Fellow), Clark Uni- versity, 1895-97 ; Student of Philosophy and Psychology, University of Zurich, 1902-04. Professor of Mathe- matics, Vincennes University, two years; Assistant Professor of Education, Stanford University, seven years ; Lecturer, Pacific Theological Seminary, 1902-03 ; Lecturer, Western Reserve University, Summer Session of 1903 ; Lecturer, Woodbroke Summer School, Eng- land, 1903 ; Lecturer in Summer School of South, Knox- ville: Tenn., 1904; Professor of Philosophy, Earlham College, 1905-07 ; Professor of Philosophy, University of Iowa, from 1907. Author: ^Psychology of Religion,' (Scribner's 1900) ; *A Study of Conversion,' in Am. Jour. Psych., VIII ; *Some Aspects of Religious Growth' in same, IX ; *The Psychology of Religion' (London, 1899). Starnes, Alexander, ('93). Worthington, Ind. Theatrical Manager, headquarters Worthington, Ind. Stempel, Selma, ('95, '97, '98). Shawnee, Okla. Teacher in High School, Shawnee, Okla., 1907. Stephan, Leon B., ('06). Markle, Ind. Teacher, Markle, Ind., from 1906. Stephenson, Emma Belle, ('93, '94). 214 N. Senate Ave., Indianapolis, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1894 (Ger.) ; A.M., 1898. Principal of High School, Gosport, Ind., 1894-97, 1898- [155] Independent Literary Society 1900 ; Nurse, Johns Hopkins Training School for Nurses, 1900-03 ; Private Nurse, Indianapolis, Ind., 1903-04 ; Superintendent of Nurses, Deaconess Hospital, Indianapolis, Ind., 1904-06 ; Superintendent of Nurses' Training School, State College of Physicians and Sur- geons, Indianapolis, Ind., from 1906. Stevens, George W., ('95). Stevens, Zula, ('07). Lebanon, Ind. Stewart, Albert Fulton, ('87, '88, '89, '90). 1043 E. Broadway, Monmouth, 111. A.B., Indiana University, 1891 (Gr.). Head of Com- mercial Department, Academy, Rushville, Ind., 1891-93 ; Teacher of Mathematics, High School, Rushville, Ind., 1893-1906 ; Assistant Professor of Latin, Monmouth College, Monmouth, 111., from 1906. Stewart, Anna, ('93, '94). Stewart, Charles Edward, ('90, '91, '92, '95, '96, '97). Marion, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1897 (Phil.). Merchant at Marion, Ind. STEWART, Charles William, ('85, '86). A.B., Indiana University, 1890 (Hist.). Died March 5, 1896, at Marengo, Ind. STEWART, Elmer Bryan, ('85, '86). 4547 Champlain Ave., Chicago, 111. A.B., Indiana University, 1887 (Gr.). Pastor of Third United Presbyterian Church, Chicago, 111. Au- thor: *The Tithe' (Chicago, 1903) ; 'The Tithe Cove- nant Plant for Financing the Kingdom of Christ' (Chi- cago, 1903). [156] Register of Members Stewart, James Milton, ('91, '92). 1312 Spencer Ave., Marion, Ind. A.B.. Indiana University, 1900 (Phys.). Merchant at Marion, Ind., from 1900. Stewart, Reba Corwin, ('95). Stiles, Lenabelle, ('02, '03, '06, '07). Peru, Ind. Stokesberry, Eva, ('96). 132 N. Oak Park Ave., Oak Park, III. Teacher, Huntington, Ind., and Oak Park, 111., from 1896. Stokesberry, John Barnard, ('94, '95, '96, '97). Fort Scott, Kan. A.B., Indiana University, 1897 (Phil.). Teacher of English, Manual Training High School, Indianapolis, Ind., 1897-99; Head of Department of English, High School, Fort Scott, Kan., 1899-1904; Teacher of Eng- lish, Manual Training High School, Indianapolis, Ind., 1904-06; Principal of High School, Fort Scott, Kan., from 1906. Stoltz, Charles, C89), South Bend, Ind. Physician, South Bend, Ind. Stoneking, Chloe, ('04, '05). Bloomington, Ind. Stout, William Harvey, ('92, '93, '94, '97, '98, '99, '00, '01). 415-416 Law Bldg., Indianapolis, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1899; LL.B., 1894. Lawyer. Strong, Mary Ethel, ('97, '98, '99, '00, '01). Pullman, Wash. A.B., Indiana University, 1901 (Eng.). Graduate Student, University of Illinois, 1901-02. Head of Eng- [157] Independent Literary Society lish Department, High School, Pullman, Wash., from 1902. Stuart, Milo H., ('93, '94). 2927 N. Senate Ave., Indian- apolis, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1898 (Phys.). Formerly Superintendent of Schools at Sheridan, Ind. ; Teacher of Mathematics, Manual Training High School, Indian- apolis. Stull, J. Grant, ('87). Obion, Tenn. Sullivan, Walter David, ('04, '05, '06). Advance, Ind. Reporter on *Kokomo (Ind.) Dispatch,' 'Lebanon (Ind.) Reporter,' and 'Columbus (Ind.) Herald,' Feb.- Aug., 1906 ; Editor and Proprietor of 'Advance Hustler,' Advance, Ind., from Aug., 1906. Sutton, Daisy, ('96, '97), (Mrs. Jensen). Inwood, la. Tarney, Joseph Byron, ('01). 396 Fourth St., Brook- lyn (?), N. Y. A.B., Indiana University, 1902 (Phil.). Taylor, D. S., ('95, '96). Albion (?), Ind. Teal, Elsa Christina (Mrs. Arthur G. Bobbitt), ('03, '04, '05, '06, '07). Elkhart, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1907 (Hist.). Married to Arthur G. Bobbitt, Dec. 24, 1907. Teal, Lois Leota, ('05, '06, '07). Arcadia, Ind. Student, University of Illinois, 1907-08. Test, Alice, ('86, '88, '89, '90). Richmond, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1890 (Ger.). Graduate of Indiana State Normal, 1898. Teacher of German and [158] Register of Members Latin, 7th and 8th Grades, City Schools, Richmond, Ind., from 1898. Test, Frederick Cleveland, ('88, '89). 4401 Indiana Ave., Chicago, 111. A.B., Indiana University, 1889; A.M., 1894; M.D., University of Georgetown, 1895. Research Student, Ma- rine Biological Laboratory, Wood's Hole, Mass., sum- mer of 1889 ; Graduate Student, Purdue University, 1890 ; Hospital Student, N. Y. City, 1896-97. Instructor in Biology, Purdue University, 1890 ; Assistant Curator, Department of Reptiles and Batrachians, U. S. National Museum, Washington, D. C, 1890-94 ; Editor of Horti- culture and Entomology, Office of Experiment Stations, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, 1894- 96 ; Overseer of Exhibits, U. S. Department of Agri- culture at Atlanta Exposition, 1895 ; Physician, Chi- cago, Illinois, from 1897 ; Instructor in Orthopedic Sur- gery, Northwestern University Medical School, and Women's Medical School, 1897-1901 ; Professor of Orth- opedic Surgery, Dearborn Medical College, and Orth- opedic Surgeon to Samaritan Hospital, Chicago, from . Member of Chicago Orthopedic Society, Chicago Medical Society, Illinois State Medical Society, and American Medical Association ; Member of American Ornithologists' Union, Association of Economic Ento- mologists, and National Geographic Society. Author of numerous scientific articles in 'Proceedings of U. S. National Museum,' *N. Y. Medical Record,' 'Chicago Medical Recorder,' etc. Teter, George Eber, ('99, '00, '01, '03, '04, '05, '06, '07). Sheridan, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1905 (Eng.). Student, Ohio State University, Summer Term, 1905 ; Student, [159] Independent Literary Society University of Michigan, Summer Term, 1906 ; Student, Harvard University, 1907-08. Superintendent of Pub- lic Schools, Atlanta, Ind., 1901-04; Instructor in Eng- lish, Indiana University, 1905-07. Teter, John Worth, ('99, '00, '01, '04, '05). Peru, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1905. Superintendent of Schools, Carmel, Ind., 1901-04 ; Teacher of Science, High School, Peru, Ind., from 1905. Thistlethwaite, Marvin ('97, '98). Sheridan, Ind. Manufacturer of Wagons, Sheridan, Ind. Thomas, James, ('97, '98). Pendleton, Ind. Thompson, Robert Earl, ('04, '05, '06). Versailles, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1906 (Econ.). Acting Ed- itor of ^Versailles Republican,' Versailles, Ind., 1906-07 ; Lawyer, Versailles, Ind., from 1907. Thrush, Wellman, ('94, '95, '96). Todd, Elmer John, ('88, '89). Flora, Ind. Principal of High School, Flora, Ind., for five years; Superintendent of Schools, Flora, Ind., at present. Toubner, Anna, ('86, '87, '88, '89, '90). Bloomington, Ind. Formerly Teacher. Trees, Rolla, ('87, '88, '89). TRENT, John C, ('85, 'm. '88, '89). 1801 N. New Jersey St., Indianapolis, Ind. Principal of High School, Hagerstown, Ind., 1887-88 ; Student, Indiana University, 1888-89 ; Teacher of Math- ematics, Noblesville High School, 1889-1890; Teacher of Mathematics, Muncie High School, 1890-91 ; Teacher of Mathematics, Shortridge High School, Indianapolis, [160] Register of Members 1891-1905; Farmer (on account of health), 1905-07; President of New Century Tablet and Paper Co., from 1907. Organizer of Night School of Indianapolis and Superintendent of the same for seven years. Author of numerous papers read before State Teachers' Associa- tion, etc. Trook, Everett Walter, ('93, '94). Marion, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1898 (Econ.). Lawyer, Marion, Ind. TUGMAN, Orin, ('01, '02, '03). Ithaca, N. Y. A.B., Indiana University, 1903 (Phys.). Laboratory Assistant, Department of Physics, Indiana University, Spring of 1903 ; Instructor in Physics, Purdue Uni- versity, 1903-06 ; Assistant in Physics, Cornell Uni- versity, from 1906. Ulrey, Albert Brennus, ('93, '94). A.B., Indiana University, 1892 (Zool.) ; A.M., 1893. Professor of Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Cal., in 1904. Unger, Mahlon Sylvester, ('94, '95). 401 State Life Bldg., Indianapolis, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1896 (Ger.) ; LL.B., Uni- versity of Indianapolis, 1898. Lawyer in Indianapolis from 1898. Vanneman, Ada Ltjelva (Mrs. Johnson), ('05, '06, '07). Anderson, Ind. Vernard, Ada P., ('03). Nurse, Cook County Hospital, Chicago, 111. Voss, Henrietta Rachel, ('06, '07). Bloomington, Ind. Teacher in Indianapolis Schools, 1907-8. [161] Independent Literary Society Waldschmidt, William Moorman, ('91, '93, '94, '96, '98, '99). GanneltOD, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1894 (Econ.) ; LL.B., 1902. Teacher; Lawyer, in Cannelton, Ind., from 1899. Walker, Earl Jay, ('98, '99, '00). A.B., Indiana University, 1902 (Econ.). Walker, Viola Bos worth, ('02). Walters, Edward E., ('07). Carlisle, Ind. Ward, Anna Rous, ('98, '99, '00). Anderson, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1901 (Eng). Teacher of English, High School, Anderson, Ind. Ward, Joseph Philip, ('87). Died, 1890 (?), near Smiths ton, Ind. Ward, Mary Etta, ('04, '05, '06, '07). 5819 Lowell Ave., Indianapolis, Ind. Teacher in Gonnersville Schools, Connersville, Ind., 1907-08. Warren, Isaac Newton, ('93, '94). Rensselaer, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1897 (Phil.). Principal of High School, Sheridan, Ind., for one year; then Prin- cipal of High School, Rensselaer, Ind., one year; then Principal of High School, Laporte, Ind., four years ; Principal of High School, Fort Dodge, Iowa, three years; Superintendent of Schools, Rensselaer, Ind., at present. Wasmuth, Elizabeth (Mrs. Carl Endicott), ('94, '95, '96, '97, '98). Andrews, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1898 (Rom.). Wells, Edwin Mercer, ('87). [162] Register of Members West, Oliver Perry, ('99, '00). A.B., Indiana University, 1900 (Zool.). Formerly Teacher at Franklin, Ind. White, Jesse Hayes, ('01, '02, '03, '04). Alamo, Indiana. A.B., Indiana University, 1903 (Ped.). A.M., 1904. Fellow, Clark University, 1906-07. Superintendent of Schools, Waveland, Indiana, 1904-06. Whitted, Estella, ('97, '98). Bloomington, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1901 (Phil.). Whittern, Raymond W., ('02). Fort Wayne, Ind. WiDNEY, O. li., ('95, '96, '97, '98). Hicksville, O. Proprietor (with A. E. Hart and T. D. Hood) of Dry Goods Store, Hicksville, O., from 1898. WiLLARD, Mary Massey, ('99, '00). 1102 Ninth Ave., Seattle, Wash. Head of Department of Zoology, High School, Seattle, Wash., at present. Williamson, Alice (Mrs. Swain). Pendleton, Ind. Windsor, Lily Forest (Mrs. B. F. Harris), ('90). Rich- mond, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1891 (Hist.). Windsor, Miriam Evangeline (Mrs. J. A. Walls), ('91). Richmond, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1891 (Hist.). Wiley, Joseph Woods, ('85, '86). Bakersfield, Cal. Ph.B., Indiana University, 1886. Lawyer. Wiley, Martha, ('88, '89, '90). Bakersfield, Cal. A.B., Indiana University, 1891 (Eng.). Teacher in Bakersfield, Cal., from 1906. [163] Independent Literary Society Wilson, Ruth Anne (Mrs. E. R. Guise), ('04, '05). Riley, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1906 (Hist.). WiNGABD, George B., ('90, '91). Camden, Ind. Teacher, 1894-98 ; Owner and Editor of 'Camden Ex- positor,' from 1898. Winter, Lester, ('98, '99, '00). Wise, Clayton Ray, ('03, '04). Surigao, Mindanao, P. I. Teacher in P. I., from 1904 ; Superintendent of De- partment of Surigao from 1906. WoLFARD, Pliny Herbert, ('97, '98). Knightstown, Ind. Superintendent of Schools, Greensboro, Ind., 1899- 1900 ; Instructor in Mathematics and Science, High School, Knightstown, Ind., 1900-06 ; Assistant Cashier of Citizens' State Bank, Knightstown, Ind., from 1906. Wood, Aaron Frank, ('03, '04). Mt. Pleasant (?), Mich. A.B., Indiana University, 1904 (Math.). Teacher of Mathematics in Normal School, Mt. Pleasant, Mich., 1904-07. Wood, Lawrence Anselm, ('04, '05). Mitchell, Ind. Wood, Margaret Belle (Mrs. B. P. Remy), ('98, '99). 833 W. Fifth St., Anderson, Ind. W^OOD, Orville F., ('93). 20 Campbell Park, Chicago, 111. Wood, Walter Mabie, ('89, '91, '92, '93). 153 LaSalle St., Chicago, 111. A.B., Indiana University, 1893 (Math.). Education- al Director of the Central Department of Y. M. C. A. of Chicago, 111., 1893-1903; Superintendent of Educa- [164] Register of Members tion for Metropolitan Y. M. G. A. of Chicago, 1903-04 ; Manager of Institutional Work, Metropolitan Y. M. C. A., from 1904 ; Lecturer. Author of numerous Ar- ticles and Pamphlets on Various Phases of Association Work ; Author of 'Supplemental Education,' Encyclo- pedia Americana. Member of National Society for Promotion of Industrial Education ; Chicago Society of Social Hygiene ; Chicago Literary Club ; State Execu- tive Committee, Y. M. C. A. of Illinois. WooDWORTH, Ira B., ('98). Woods, Melville Samuel, ('92, '93). Princeton, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1900 (Ped.). Superinten- dent of Spiceland Academy, Spiceland, Ind., 1900-02 ; Parmer near Princeton, Ind., from 1902. Woody, Clifford, ('05, '06, '07, '08). Thomtown, Ind. Teacher in High School, Thorntown, Ind., 1906-07. Woody, Edith, ('05, '06). Thorntown, Ind. Wooley, Cora E. (Mrs. Zaring), ('85, '86). 2126 Ashland Ave., Indianapolis, Ind. Wright, Edith Belle, ('93, '94, '95, '96). 61 E. Wash- ington St., Huntington, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1896 (Gk.). Graduate of School of Pastoral Helpers, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1902; Missionary to Osaka, Japan, 1902-03 ; Missionary to Cannel City, Ky., 1904-05 : Author of various poems in 'Indianapolis Journal' ; Author of Serial Story in *Our Young Folks.' Wright, Samtjel Oscar, ('97, '98, '99). Boswell, Ind. A.B., Indiana University, 1901 (Hist.). Principal of High School, Boswell, Ind., 1900-02; Principal of [165] Independent Literary Society High School, Mt. Auburn, Ind., 1902-04; Student at Law, Kokomo, Ind., 1904-07 ; Lawyer at Boswell, Ind., from 1907. Wright, Sarah Elizabeth, ('04). Greensburg, Ind. Teacher. YoDER, Albert Henry, ('91). Seattle, Wash. A.B., Indiana University, 1893 (Ped.). Professor of Pedagogy, University of Washington. Yonker, Grace Virginia, ('04). Mitchell, Ind. YousE, Lucy, ('95, '96, '97). Palo Alto, Cal. A.B., Indiana University, 1897. Teacher of Science, Terre Haute High School, for some years; now teacher in High School, Palo Alto, Cal. ZwiCKER, Mathilde (Mrs. Otto P. Klopsch), ('96). Peoria, 111. A.B., Indiana University, 1896. [166] OCT 17 1908