CV .'-^<^,* 0^^*^^- -^HUXX^^ V. A SUMMARY HISTORICAL, QEOGBAPHIOAL, AND STATISTICAL VIEW OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK; TOGETHER WITH SOME NOTICES "op BROOKLYN, WILLIAMSBURGH, &c., IN ITS ENVIRONS. PREPAPvED TO ACCOMPAVST THE TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP OP THE CITY AND COirNTY OF NEW YORK. NEW YORK : PUBLISHED BY J. H. COLTON & CO. No. 4 Spruce Street. 1836. fiTTrTlnmiTiinfiTni ii y i '^r-ir-rrriM iiiiiiwi M ii i hhm" Entpred acconlifig to the act of Congress, in the year 1S36, by J. II. Colton and Co. in the clerk's office of the district court for tlie Southern district of New York. ^ ':/ '-'^ U CONSULTING INDEX. To ascertain the position of the Pvblir. Bnildings and Churches mentioned in the Index, observe the letters an- nexed to it, then fipd Ihe corre.^^ponding Jetters on the top or bottom and sides of the map; from these letters pass the eye ah^ng the ranges North or South and East or West j until they intersect. In the square in -which they meet the place sought for will be found. STEREOTYPED BY F. F. RIPLET KEW-YOUK. CONTENTS. PAGE Historical Sketches 5 Mayors of the city of New York 12 Geographical Features 13 Distance of New York from various places 13 Growth and prosperity 14 Population at different periods 17 Public Buildings 19 Public Works 23 Steamboat Lines 25 Colleges, Academies, and Schools 25 Medical Institutions, — Literary and Scientific Institu- tions, — Religious, Moral, and Benevolent Insti- tutions 28 List of Churches 29 Banks 34 Periodicals 35 Wards 35 List of Streets, &c 36 City of Brooklyn 43 Churches 45 Literary Institutions 45 Banks, Insurance Companies, and Newspapers 45 Williamsburgh 46 Jersey City 46 r HISTORICAL SKETCHES. New York Island, called also Manhattan, from the name of the chief of the native tribe which originally inhabited it, was discovered in 1609, by Henry Hudson, an experi- enced English navigator, then in the service of the Dutch West India Company. He explored the river, since call- ed by his name, as far as Albany, He found the natives on the western shore friendly, and traded with them ; while those on the eastern shore were less friendly, and a tribe inhabiting the present site of the city of New York were particularly hostile, and declined all intercourse and trade. He returned to Dartmouth, in England, October 4th, 1609, whence he transmitted an account of his dis- coveries to his employers in Holland. In 1610, the Dutch West India Company sent a ship to Hudson River, to trade. The hostility of the natives near New- York, and the greater quantity of furs to be obtained in the interior, induced them to fix their first trading establishment on an island in the river, a little below Albany. It appears, however, that in 1612, they had a settlement and fort on York Island. This fortification was only a redoubt, near the corner of Garden-street and Broadway, overlooking the Hudson River. At first, the Indians refused to sell any land on the island to the Dutch ; but, in 16-23, they obtained leave of the natives to build a better fort on Manhattan Island, having, a short time previous, purchased of them the land on which the city of New York now stands. The fort was built in the form of a regular square, with four bastions, on a piece of land at the junction of the North and East Rivers. The houses for the officers of the government and for the citizens were, at first, built within the fort. After- ward, as there was not sufficient room for houses for all the inhabitants within the fort, they wei-e built near it on A 2 6 HISTORICAL SKETCHES. the outside, and Pearl-street, the first that was made, was formed by them. In 1642, a church was built in the southeast corner of the fort. This fortification was, at successive periods, strength- ened, by making the wall thicker on the outside of the first M-all, until it became a place of very considerable strength. When the English took the place in 1664, the fort had 42 guns, which were 12 and 18 pomiders, mostly brass, and very neatly cast. Some of the settlements in North America were made by persons who fled from religious persecution ; but the settlement at New York was made, primarily, for the purpose of trade. The fiirst emigrants devoted them- selves exclusively to traffic with the Indiaiis, and Avith much success, as the following returns, made to the Hol- land Fur Company, evince. 1G21. 4,000 700 S10,850 1625. 5,295 463 14,330 1(526. 7,258 857 17.020 1027. 7,520 370 22,648 ic.as. 6,951 734 24,430 1(529'. 5,913 681 24,834 1630. 6,041 1,058 27,205 1632. 13,513 1,661 57,250 It533. 8,800 1,383 36,550 1635. 14,891 1,413 53,970 The fortification erected at New York was called Fort Amsterdam, and the original name of New York was New Amsterdam. The first governor of this colony Avas AVouter Van Twiller, who entered on the duties of his office in June, 1629, and continued in office nine years. The first City Hall, Stadt House, or Tav^ern, was erect- ed in 1644, on the corner of Pearl-street and Coenties'- slip, and continued for many years the seat of the courts, and all the public meetings of the citizens. The first public school was established in the City Hall, in 1653. In 1656, a market-house was built near the present cor- ner of Pearl and Broad streets ; and the city then con- tained 120 bouses, and 1000 inhabitants, including the garrison. The first wharf was built by the burgomasters of the ciLy, where Whitehall-street now is ; and the governor's house stood opposite where Water-street com- mences. The first map of the city was constructed in 1660, and HISTORICAL SKETCHES. sent to Holland by Governor Stuyvesant. In 1G62, a windmill was erected, near the present City Hotel. In 1664, the city was surrendered to a British force, and all public property was confiscated. The territory had previously been in dispute between the Dutch an^ English. The first mayor, after the conquest, was Thomas Willet, Esq., a respectable merchant of that day, who usually resided at Swanzey, at the head of Narraganset Bay, who had trading-houses established from Kennebec to the Delaware ; and particularly at New Amsterdam, 1 (New York,) and Fort Orange, (Albany.) In 1673, the first post-rider began his trips to and from J Boston, once in three weeks. In July of this year, the Dutch retook the city, and the fort was surrendered by Captain Manning, its commander, without firing a shot, and Antonio Colves was appointed governor ; but, in the I next year, it was restored to the English, and Manning ' was tried by a court-martial for treachery and cowardice, | and sentenced to have his sword broke over his head. In 1675, the streets were to be cleaned every Saturday, or oftener, and cartmen obliged to carry away the dirt, or forfeit their license. In 1676, a law passed to pave streets. The Heeren j Gracht, or Broad-street, was filled up, (with the exception of a narrow canal in the nJddle,) levelled, and paved. Before this, the water came up to Garden-street, through which the ferrj'-boats passed. In 1677, the city contained about 12 streets, and 384 houses. The first House of Representatives convened in 1683. At that time, there belonged to the city 3 barques, 3 brigantines, 26 sloops, and 48 open boats. On the 16ih of July, 1684, the first city watch was appointed, consisting of twelve persons, at 12 pence a night. In 1688, the assessors' valuation of property in the sev- eral wards, which were called West, South, East, and Dock Wards, together with Harlaem and the Bowerv, amoimted to 78,231Z. Of this sum, 29,254Z. was in the South Ward. The first order for lighting the city was passed Novem- ber 23d, 1697, by which the" owners of houses were re- quired to put lights in their windows fronting the streets, under penalty of nine pence for each night of default ; j and on the 2d of December following, it was ordered, I " that every seventh house do haiig out a pole with a lan- A 3 HISTORICAL SKETCHES. tern and candle ; and the said seven houses do pay an equal portion of the expense." In 1684, the rates of ferriage to Nassau Island, (Long I Island,) were, for a single person, 8 stivers in wampum, or a silver twopence. Persons in company, half the above; or if after sunset, double price. Each horse or beast one shilling, if single, or nine pence, in company. Rip Van Dam, being the " fairest bidder" for the ferry, had it on a lease of 7 years, at 165Z. per annum. In 1699, the old City Hall, in Pearl-street, at the head of Coenties'-slip, was disposed of, by "public outcry," for 920Z. A new City Hall was erected, which cost 1151Z. 185. U. In 1718, a Ropewalk vras established in Broadway, near the Park, (then called the common, which was overspread Avith brush and underwood.') In 1725, a weekly newspaper, called the New YorK Gazette, was published. In 1729, a library of 1642 volumes, which belonged to Dr. Millington of England, deceased, was presented to the city, through the Society, in London, for Propagating the Gospel in Foreign Parts. They arrived in safety, and were placed in a room devoted to the purpose, in the City Hall ; and the thanks of the corporation were re- turned, for the munificent gift. Three pence a foot were this year given for land on the west side of Broadway, near the Battery. In 1732, the first stage began to run between New York and Boston, once a month, and was fourteen days on the journey. In 1733, a law was passed to preserve the fish in Fresh "Water Pond, now Canal-street and the streets contiguous. Only one coach existed in New York in 1745," which was owned by Lady Murray. To make purchases, at this time, in the market, it was necessary to speak the Dutch language. In 1741, the celebrated Negro Plot occurred, in which 154 negroes and 20 ^vhite persons were committed to prison; 55 were convicted, and 78 con- fessed. 13 negroes were burned, 20 were hung, and 70 were transported to foreign parts. The number of houses in 1746, was 1834, having increased 418 in eleven years. In 1752, an Exchange was built at the lower end of Broad street, on the west side, by private subscription, and the corporation gave lOOZ. towards the same. In 1755, it was let one year from the 11th of February, for 30Z, 1762, there were 60 firemen in the city. HISTORICAL SKETCHES. In 1763, complaint having been made by the citizens of the high price of meat, &c. in the market, the following prices were settled by the corporation. Beefi^d. per lb., pork 5d., hind quarter of veal 5d., fore quarter 4k/., mutton 4id., and butter Is. 2d. per lb. ; milk 6 coppers per quart. 1765. A Congress, composed of delegates from the co- lonies, met at New York. The stamp act produced great excitement ; and some violent proceedings took place. In 1769, the New York Hospital was fomided, by subscrip- tion. In 1770, the expense of lighting the city was 1601. per annum. The statue of King George the Third, was ordered to be erected in the Bowling-green. A statue of William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, the warm friend of America, was also erected in Wall, at the intersection of William street. In 1771, an iron railing was made roimd the Bowling-green, at an expense of 800Z. In January and February, 1776, the American army en- tered New York. July 8th, independence was proclaim- ed, and the declaration of it was read to each brigade in the continental army. Immediately after the battle on Long Island, August 26th, the American army retreated from the city, and it was taken possession of by the British. On the 21st of September, 492 houses, being one eighth part of the city, were burned. The city at this time contained about 4200 houses, and 30,000 inhabit- ants. The winter of 1780 was so severe, that two cakes of ice completely closed the river from Powles Hook to Courtlandt-street. Hundreds of persons passed daily on the ice, together with artillery, sleighs with provisions, and stores of all kinds. The river remained closed for a considerable time. By measurement on the ice, it was found to be 2000 yards wide. November 25th,'l 783, the city was evacuated by the British troops, and entered by the American army under General Washington, with great rejoicing. The number of the inhabitants in the city, at this time, did not exceed twenty thousand. Murra)^-street constituted the northern boun- dary of the city. There were few brick houses. All the churches, except the Episcopal, had been destroyed, or used for military purposes. Soon after the evacuation by the British, many of the former inhabitants of the city re turned, and its prospects brightened. In 1785, the first Congress'of the United States, after the revolutionary war, met in New York, and was organized I m HISTORICAL SKETCHES. in the City Hall, which stood in Wall, corner of Nassau street. The city expenses in 1786 Avere 10,308/. 4s. April 30th, 1789, General Washington was inaugurated as first President of the United States, in the gallery of the old City Hall, facing Broad-street. The exports from New York in 1791, to foreign ports, amounted to ij'2,505,4()5. The city was divided into 7 wards. One himdred k)ts of ground in Broadway and the adjacent streets, in the vicinity of the New York Hospital, 25 by 100 feet, were offered for sale, at 25Z. per lot. The Mayor's salary, at this time, was 800/. per annum. In the summer of 1795, seven hundred and thirty-two persons died of the yellow fever. The expense of all the printing of the City Corporation, at this time, was 35/. per annum. In December, 1800, eight lots of ground, ad- joining the public burying-ground, (now Washington Square,) in the Seventh Ward, were purchased by the] Corporation for SIOOO. In October 29th, 1801, Broadway was ordered to be opened through Thomas Randall's land, (now called the Sailor's Snug-harbour,) to meet the Bowery road; and hills levelled and carted into Fresh Water Pond, which, to this time, was the northern limit of Broadway, and far beyond the thickly settled parts of the city. In 1804, hackney- j coaches were licensed. On the night of December 18th, 1804, a great fire destroyed 40 stores and dwellinghouses \ on Wail, Front, and Water streets, and property to the ' amount of between one and two millions of dollars. In 1805, the New York Free School Society was incor- porated. During the summer and autumn of 'his year, , 280 persons died of the yellow fever. One third ot the (inhabitants left their dwellings. The population, at this time, amounted to 75,770. In 1807, Governeur Morris, De Witt Clinton, and others, were appointed by the Le- gislature, to lay out into streets and avenues the whole of ] Manhattan, or York Island, which was subsequently ef-| fected. July, 1809, Steam Ferry-boats established on Powles Hook ferry. On the 19rh of "May, 1811, a great fire in Chatham- street consumed from eighty to one hundred dwelling- houses ; and the Jail, and the Brick Church were saved with great difficulty. July 4th, the corporation met, for the first time, in the new City Hall ; and in August, several public offices were removed to it. In December, 1814, there were, in the city, 92,448 in- HISTORICAL SKETCHES. TT habitants ; 3,212 freeholders ; 5,612 owners of real estate over 150 dollars; 13,801 tenants; 4,138 jurors; 3,495 aliens ; and 976 slaves. In 1816, the large sum of 16,000,000 of dollars, duties on merchandise imported, was paid into the Treasviry of j the United States, by the City of New York alone. July 4th, 1818, the remains of General Montgomery were re- moved from GLucbec, by order of the New York legisla- ture, and deposited, with distinguished military honours, beneath his monument in the portico of St. Paul's Church. The Park was enclosed on Chambers-street and Broad- way, by an iron railing, which was extended in 1821, so as to enclose the whole area. Twelve lots at the new Albany Basin, in Greenwich-street, belonging to the cor- poration, were sold for S47,800. Deaths, this year, 3265. In 1821, Mr. John Randall finished his surveys and maps of the island, having been engaged in the business, under the commissioners, for ten years. The total ex- pense was S'32,484 98 cents. In the summer of 1822, three hundred and eighty-eight persons died of the yellow fever, which infected a considerable portion of the lower part of the city, and produced an almost total suspension j of business. In November 25th of this year, burials in Trinity Church-yard were discontinued. In January, 1823, a law was passed forbidding burials south of Grand-street. During this year, the old Potters Field was converted into the beautiful Washington Square. In 1824, sixteen hundred houses were built, chiefly in the upper wards, seven hundred and fifty of which were of brick. Anthracite coal, from Pennsylvania, first began to be introduced. May Uth, 1825, gas pipes were laid in Broadway, from Canal-street to the Battery, on both sides. October 26th, the completion of the Erie Canal was celebrated. In July, 1827, the Merchant's Exchange was completed. May 2d, 1829, the American Institute of the City of New York was chartered. In the summer of 1832, the Cholera swept off great numbers of the inhabitants. The whole number of deaths in the city, in July, was 2,467 ; in August, 2,206 ; during the year, 10,359. The number of pupils taught in the Public Schools, in 1833, was 6,140 boys ; 4,320 girls ; total 10,460. The number of inmates of the Alms House at Bellevue, in January, 1834, was 2011, of which 1051 were natives, and 960 foreigners. 12 MAYORS. On the night of the IGth of December, 1835, the most ; calamitous fife took place, which was ever witnessed in New York, or in the United States. A space of between thirty and forty acres, covered with the most valuable stores, filled with rich merchandise, extending on the East River from Old-slip to Coenties'-slip, and extending back to Wall, and nearly to Broad-street, was desolated by the fire. The number of buildings burned, was about 648, and the property destroyed amounted, by the estima- tion of a committee, publicly appointed, to between seventeen and eighteen millions of dollars. The Mer- chant's Exchange, and the South Dutch Church, were among the buildings burned. ', Mayors of the city of Nmo York., from the period of its con- j quest by the English, to the present tivie, , 16G5. Thomas Willet, 1735. 1674. Nicholas De Myer, 1737. 1675 William Duval, 1739. 1677. S. Van Cortland, 1744. 1678. Thomas Delaval, 1747. 1679. Francis Romcolt, 1756. ' 1680. William Beekman, 1766. . lt)82. Stenwick, 1777. 1687. Nicholas Bavard, 1784. 1688. S. Van Cortland, 1789. 1689. P. D. Leroy, 1801. 1691. John Lawrence, 1803. 1692. Abram Depevster, 1807. 1694. Charles Lodwick, 1810. 1 1699. David Provost, 1811. ! 1700. Isaac D. Dromer, 1815. 1 1701. Thomas Hood, 1817. ' 170-2. Philip French, 1818. ; 1703. William Bastroo, 1821. ! 1707. Ebenezer AVilson, 1824. 1710. Jac. Van Cortland, 1826. 1720. Robert Walton, 1827. 1724. Francis Harrison, 1829. 1725. Johannes Jansen, 1833. 1726. Robert Lurting, 1834. Paul Richards, Daniel Horsemander, John Cruger, Stephen Bayard, Edward Holland, John Cruger, Whitehead Hicks, David Matthews, James Duane, Richard Varick, Edward Livingston, De Witt Clinton, Marinus Willet, Jacob RadclifF, De Witt Clinton, Jacob Radclitf, John Ferguson, Cadw'd D. Colden, Stephen Allen, William Paulding, Philip Hone, William Paulding, Walter Bowne, Gideon Lee, Corn's W. Lawrence, The present salary of the mayor is ^3000 per anniun. GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES. 13 GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES. The City Hall is in latitude 40* 42' 40", longitude 74° V 8" west from Greenwich. The whole island, which constitutes the City and County of New York, is thirteen and a half miles long, with an average breadth of one mile, containing fourteen thousand acres. The face of the island was originally uneven and rough, as is now the case in the northern parts, with here and there low valleys, and marshy swamps ; but the hills, in the south- ern part of the island, have been levelled, and the swamps and marshes filled up. Many creeks and inlets on the margin of the rivers, have also disappeared, and the large ledge of rocks, which occupied the site of the Battery, has long since been buried beneath the made ground, which constitutes that beautiful promenade. A large part of Water, Front, and South streets, on the East River, and Greenwich, Washington, and West streets, on the Hudson River, in the south part of the city, occupy ground which has been made by filling in these rivers. In the ^-icinity of Canal-street, was formerly a large pond of fresh water, extending nearly across the island, called the Collect, which drained a surface of 400 acres of land. The streets were originally laid out according to the make of the ground, and the course of the rivers, and, in imitation of European cities, were many of theni very narrow ; but, at a great expense, they have been widened and improved in latter times, in the older parts of the city ; and in the newer parts, care has been taken to lay out the streets straight, regularly, and of a sufficient width. New York is distant from — miles . miles- Hudson, - - - 115 Albany, - - - 145 Saratoga Springs, - 182 Boston, - - - 210 Providence, - - 180 New Haven, - - 73 Philadelphia, - - 90 Baltimore, - - 190 Washington, - - 228 Norfolk, - - - 329 Charleston, - - G70 Lake George, - - 210 Whitehall, on Lake Champlain, - - 217 Burlington, Vt. - - 292 Pittsburgh, N. Y. - 309 Savannah, - - 760; Canada line, - - 329 St. Augustine, - - 900 Montreal, - - - 372 Havanna, - - - 1385 Quebec, - - - 513 New Orleans, - -2047iUtica, - - - 239 Newburgh, N. Y. - 60 Rochester, - - - 403 Poughkeepsie, - - 75 Buffalo, (direct route,) 357 l-l GROWTH AND PROSPERITY. GROWTH AND PROSPERITY. Some idea of the progress of improvement in the city may be formed from the following sketches of the history \ of streets. In IG'23, the houses on the outside of the fort formed Pearl-street, the lirst that was established in the city. In 1G53, the great wall of earth and stones was made, from North to East River, rmming along between Wall and Pine streets, with a gate near the present corner of Wall and Pearl streets, called the water-gate ; and another in Broadway, called the land-gate. This wall was designed for a defence against sudden attacks from the Indians. In 1656, a market-house was built, near the corner of Pearl and Broad streets, (then called by other names.) Several new streets w^ere laid out. In 1668, the first wagon road to Harlaem was made, 1676, Heeren Gracht, or Broad-street, filled in, levelled, and paved. It was before a creek. 1684, New-street, Smith-street, and Beaver Graft, (street,) ordered to be paved. In 1687, Heergraft, or Gentlemen's Canal, an inlet in Broad-streel, was limited by frame- work to 16 feet, and the streets or cart-way on each side to 28 feet, amounting, in all, to 72 feet, the present average width of the street. In 1691, surveyors were appointed to lay out streets and lots, and to have six shillings each. July 7th, " Or- dered, that the poisonous and stinking weeds within this city, before every one's door, be forthwith pluckt up, upon the forfeiture of three shillings for the neglect thereof." In 1692, one wharf was built, fronting King-street, (now! Pine-street,) of thirty feet wide; and two other wharves, I of twelve feet wide, on each side of Maiden-slip, running I to high- water mark, which was then, probably, as far up j as William-street. j In 1693, eighiy-six cords of wood, at 13 shillings a cord, , were ordered for stockades, and to make a platform for a battery, on the outermost rocks, before the fort. 1696, the , petition of Captain Tcimis De Kay, that " a carte-way be made, leading olit of the Broad- street, to the street that runs by the Pye-woman's,(now Nassau-street,) leading to , the commons "of the city, (now the Park ;) and that he will undertake to doo the same, provided he may have the soyle." 1701, Wall-street paved on the south side, from Smith-street, (William-street,) to the English church. 1707, Broadway paved, and the butcher's shop pulled GROWTH AND PROSPERITY. Ij down. 1718, a rope- walk established in Broadway, oppo- site the commons, (Park.) In 1729, Rector-street, and other streets south and west of it, laid out, 1736, Water-street first mentioned, as ex- tending from Maiden-lane to Comitess Key, (Coenties'- slip.) 1737, a market-house erected in BroadAVay, oppo- site Crown-street, (Liberty-street.) In 1746, Thames and Ferry streets opened. 1750, Dey-street opened, regulated, and paved, from Broadway to the river, 1755, all the streets in the North Ward paved. 1759, Chatham-street began to be laid out, and a few houses erected on it. 1760, the name of Burling-slip first occurs. 1761, Vesey-street regulated and paved, also Division or Partition street. 1765, Robinson-street, (now Park Place,) laid out and regulated. 1771, Warren-street laid out and regulated. 1773, Murray-street regulated. In 1774, Chatham-street, leading from St. Paul's to Fresh Water Pond, was named after the popular Earl of Chatham. In 1784, Greenwich-street was regulated. In 1785, Mulberry-street was opened and regulated. 1787, James-street regulated. In 1789, Broadway was opened through the fort to the Battery. 1792, lots filling in fast, along Front and South streets. In 1794, the various parts of a certain street called Smith-street, William-street, and King George's street, ordered to be called William-street ; and Broadway, which above Vesey-street was called Great George-street, was ordered to take the name of Broadway, through the whole extent. Little Dock-street, Pearl-street, Hanover- square, and Gtueen-street, which form one continuous street, were ordered to take the name of Pearl-street. Stone-street, Duke-street, and the little alley to Hanover- square received the name of Stone-street. Verletten- burg, or Flattenbarrack, and Garden-street, altered to Garden-street. King-street named Pine-street. Little GLuecn-street called Cedar-street. Crown-street called Liberty-street. Prince-street called Rose-street. Beaver and Princess' street called Beaver-street. In 1795, South-street was laid out 70 feet wide, and it was ordered that no lots farther out be granted, or any more buildings erected in that direction. 1796, West- street laid out, and the city bounded and limited on the Hudson River. 1797, Hudson-street began. 1801, Broad- way ordered to be continued through Fresh Water Pond, (about Canal-street, hitherto the limit of the city in that 16 GROWTH AND PROSPERITY. direction,) to meet the Bowery. 18U.5, Norfolk, Essex, Fourth and Hester streets, ordered to be regulated and paved. North-street opened to the East River. The Col- lect was fast filling in. Bond-street was proposed to the corporation. In 1807, Ridge-street was regulated. Bullock was changed to Broome street. Hudson Avenue ordered to be opened. Crosby-street regulated. Great Jones-street ordered to be opened. Corlears-street petitioned for. In 1807, Ridge-street was regulated. The pumps that stood in the middle of Broadway and Broad-street, were ordered to be removed to the side- walks. Various streets, in the northeast part of the city, laid out. In 1808, Trin- jity Church ceded to the corporation ground for extend- ing or opening the following streets, in the neighbour- hood of St. John's square, to the extent of their land in j that quarter. Greenwich, Hudson, Varick, Beech, Laight, Vestry, Debrosses, Watts, Vandam, Charlton, Barrow, Merton, and Le Roy streets, and tv.'o alleys, one in the rear of St. John's Church, and the other from j Beach to Laight street. Duane, Barley, and Colden streets, are called Duane-street. Bayard and Fisher streets, are called Bayard-street. I In 1811, Magazine-street changed to Pearl-street. Maiden-lane was widened on the south side from Broad- ! way to Nassau-street. Third Avenue ordered to be open- !ed and regulated. 1814, Fair-street, now Fulton-street, j ordered to be opened from Cliff-street to Pearl-street, and the ferry to Brooklyn to be removed to the fool of Fulton- i street. "Cliff-street widened and regulated. 1815, Hud- son-street ordered to be opened into Chambers-street. In 1817, the name of the triangular spot at the inter- section of Pearl and Cherry streets, altered from St. George's to Franklin square ; and the streets east of the Bowery, from first to sixth, called Chr^'stie, Forsyth, Eld- ridge, Allen, Orchard, and Ludlow, after scA'-erarmilitary and naval heroes of the late war. 1822. Maiden-lane widen- ed on the east side, from Pearl to William street. 1825, Pearl-street widened at Coenties'-slip, the site of the old City Hall. 1826, La Fayette Place opened 100 feet wide, through Vauxhall Garden. Since the last-named period, many new streets have been opened and regulated, and numbers have been widened and improved. The compact part of the city, is about three miles on GROWTH AND PROSPKRITr. 17 each river, covering the souih part of I he island. The num- ber of vacant lots in 1831, in all the wards except the 12th, which comprises the island north of 3 miles, was 6352 ; and those built upon and occupied, were 20,093, averaging nearly ten persons to each lot buil; upon. The buildings and population have very considerably in- creased since that time. The number of buildings erect- ed in 1834, was 883, of which three were churches. Population of the city at different peril *i >. 1656, - - - " 1,00011790, - - - 33,131 1673, - - - 2.500 1 1800, - - - 60,489 1696, - - - 4,302 i 1810, - - - 96,373 1731, - - - 8,628,1820, - - - 123,706 1756, - - - 10.38111825, - - - 166,086 1771, - - - 2i;876!l830, - - - 202,589 il783, - about - 1 2,000 1 1835, - - - 269,873 ! 1786, - - - 26,614 Number of Houses at different periods. 1656, - - - 120:1746, - - - 1,834 1673, - - - 300 1816, - - - 17,000 1677, - - - 368 1820, - - - 20,000 1735, - - - 1,416:1828, - - - 30,000 There are only six cities in Europe more populous than the City of New York, viz. : London, Paris, Constanti- nople, St. Petersburgh, Naples, Vienna. The following is the account of the deaths and inter- ments in the Citv of New York, from 1816 to 1835, in- clusive. In 1816, 2739 ; in 1817. 2527 ; in 1818, 3295 ; in 1819. 3176; in 1820, 3515; in 1821, 3542; in 1822, 3231'; in 1823, 3444; in 1824,4341; in 1825, 5919; in 1826, 4973; in 1827,5118; in 1823, 5118; in 1829, 5094; in 1830, 5537: in 1831, 6:^63; in 1832, 10.3.59; in 1833, 5746 ; in 1834, 9082 ; in 1835, 7033. Total, 100,287. The City of New York has become the great commer- cial emporium of the United States, to which circum- stance, its favourable location and the enterprise of its in- habitants have alike contributed. The city is 18 miles distant from the ocean, at Sandy Hook. It has a fine harbour, about 25 miles in circumference, which is well defended by a number of fortifications. The entrance I over the bar, at Sandy Hook, has a depth of water of from I 21 to 27 feet ; and thence to the city, the channel is from j 30 to 35 feet deep. The harbour is seldom obstructed by — aa— Bifrirm-m ii n i ini a nnrrBitfminii ^BBigg ii - I - I f' II nrm nr-Tirgmm-n i Ti i ir i i— «»a B 1 18 GROWTH AND PROSPERITY. ice, and can be entered at all seasons of the year. This circumstance gives to the City of New York great advan- tages over some other principal .cities in the United States. In consequence of its insular situation, it has its harbour on three sides of the city, and can accommodate, at its wharves, a great amount of shipping. The excellence of its harbour, and its central situation, connect it very conveniently for trade, with all the com- mercial places on the seaboard, from the St. Croix to New Orle^i'.s. And in the harbour of New York are generally to be found vessels, not only from the principal ports of the United States, but from the principal com- mercial nations on the globe. Noble lines of packets connect the City of New York with many foreign ports, and with the principal American cities on the Atlantic. The Liverpool line of Packets consists of sixteen ships of the finest class, one of which sails weekly from each city. The London line of Packets consists of eight large ships, one of which sails from each city once in two weeks. The line of packets between New York and Havre consists of sixteen ships, one of which sails weekly from each city. There are lines of packets to Kingston, Jamaica, to Carthagena, and to Mexico. The lines of packets to the principal, and especially the southern ports of the United States, are very numerous, and sail very frequently. These lines of packets fnrnish great facilities for com- mercial intercourse with the principal ports in the United States, and with foreign countries ; and they contribute greatly to the prosperity of the City of New York. But the prosperity of New York depends as much upon its facilities for internal, as for foreign trade. Long Island sound, with the important rivers which empty into it, connects it Vv'ith a great extent of country to the north- east. The noble Hudson, with its connected waters, gives it an easy communication far into the interior, in the north and northwest. Human enterprise has second- ed the intentions of nature, and completed the commercial advantages of the City of New York, by the completion of the Champlain, and more especially the great Erie Canal, By the former, the remote North centres at New PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 19 York ; and by the latter, the still more remote and wider West. The growth of the city has been rapid in time past. Already it ranks as the second commercial city on the globe ; and it must continue to grow with the growth of the rapidly advancing country, of which it will never cease to be the great commercial emporium. The valuation of property in the City of New York, in the year 1834, amounted to more than 218 millions of dollars, which is more than double what it was in the year 1825. The following table exhibits the number of arrivals in New York, exclusive of vessels of war, with the number of passengers, for several years. Years. Arrivals. Tassengers 1832, 1810, 48,589. 1833, 1926, 41,752. 1834, 1933, 48.111. 1835, 2049, 35,303. In 1835, the arrivals consisted of 520 ships, 123 barques, 938 brigs, 446 schooners, 6 sloops, 10 galliots, 3 frigates, 3 sloops of war. The shipping belonging to the port exceeds 350,000 tons.* PUBLIC BUILDINGS. d 1 D The City Hall is one of the most splendid build- ings in the United States. It occupies a commanding situation, in the middle of the Park. It is 216 feet long, and 105 feet wide. The front and ends are of while marble, and the rear is of brown free-stone. This build- ing exhibits, in great perfection, several orders of Grecian architecture. Rising from the middle of the roof is a cupola, on which is a colossal figure of justice. The City Hall contains the Common Council Room, and a great variety of public offices. The Common Council Room is fitted up with great convenience and taste, and is ornamented with the portraits of several distinguished public characters. The Governor's Room, in the centre of the building, has a still greater number of portraits. The foundation of this building was laid in 1803, and it was completed in 1812, at an expense of ^538,734. * Much interesting information respecting the history nnd antiquities of the City of New York may be found in the " Picture of New York," published by A, T. Goodrich, in 1828. 30 PUBLIC BUILDINGS, On the Park are also the new City Hall, the Bridewell, the Record Office, and the Rotunda. C d. The Merchant's Exchange in Wall-street, which was burnt on the night of the IGth of December, 1835, was an elegant structure, 114 feet long, by 150 feet deep, with a fine cupola. The foundation of this building was laid in April, 1825, and it was completed in about 27 j months, having first been occupied in July, 1827, at an expense of 230,000 dollars, I The New York Hospital, Masonic Hall, Trinity, St. Paul's, St. John's, and St. Thomas' Episcopal Churches ; Murray-street, Wall-street, and Duane-street Presbyte- rian Churches; the French Protestant Church, Columbia College, the New University, and Astor's Hotel, are all commanding public buildings, C. d. A new Custom-house is in a course of erection, at the corner of Wall and Nassau streets, and extending through to Pine-street, which, when finished, will be the most substantial, and one of the most elegant baildings in the city. It is to be 177 feet long, and 89 feet wide, and is to be built after the model of the Parthenon at Athens. The fronts will present splendid colonnades, with massy columns of the Doric order, more than five feet in | diameter, and thirty-two feet high, inchiding the capitals. The building is to be two stories above the basement, ex- cepting the great business hall, a part of which is to be vaulted to the roof. The centre of the building will be surmounted by a dome, sixty-two feet in diameter. The floors will be supported on arches of stone, and the build- ing will be incombustible. It is estimated that it will cost, when completed, half a million of dollars. Arrangements have been made for rebuilding the Mer- chant's Exchange in Wall-street, in a more extensive and splendid form than that of the building which was burnt in December, 1835. The building, it is estimated, will cost six hundred thousand dollars. There are three Theatres in the city : — C, d. Park Theatre, in Park Row, erected in 1796. D, d. The American Theatre, Bowery, between Bayard and Walker street, erected in 1826. D. d. Franklin Theatre, in Chatham Square, erected in 1835, D, c. The Italian Opera, in Church-street, a splendid establishment, has been discontinued for want of sufiScient patronage. PUBLIC PLACES. 21 ~D. c. The Richmond HilX Theatre is now converted into a circus. PUBLIC PLACES* C c The Battery is a beautiful public ground, situ- ated' at the southeast end of the island, at the junction of the North and East Rivers. It presents a fine view of the bav with its islands, and the adjacent shores of New Jersey, and Long and Staten Islands. The Battery is in the form of a crescent, and covers about eleven acres of -round, laid out in grass-plats and walks, and beautituUy ?hSded with trees. On the side next to the city is an iron raflin- A part of this ground was the site of the original DitSffort; and the rest has been filled in, where was formerly a ledge of rocks. , . , . , a Castle GahSen, built on a mole, which is connected With the Battery by a bridge, wus originally erected for a fortification-, but having ceased to be necessary for that purpose, it was ceded by the United States to the corpora- Ln of the city, in 1823. Within its walls, over ten thousand persons may be accommodated ; and it is asea as a place for public exhibitions and meetings. The Bowling Green, the first public square establish- ed in the city, is situated at the southern termination ot Broadway ; and is of an ellipdcal form, 220 feet long, and 140 feet broad. In the middle of this area, which is now surrounded by an iron fence, formerly stood the statue ot George the third; but it was taken down at tne com- mencement of the revolutionary war, and the lead ot which it was composed, was converted into bullets D c The Park, known in the early times of the city as the commmis, is a triangular area, of ^hout ten and three quarters acres, lying between Broadway, Chatham, and Chambers' streets. It is surrounded by a fijUeiroi^ railing, which cost $15,653, and is beautiiully laid out with grass-plats and walks. Ornamented by the City Hall, and situated in a very important part of the caty it forms a highly interesting public ground; and thougti much below the centre of population, it will long continue probably, to be the central point of the most important public transactions. , ^ . • „,.„ ^ D. c. Hudson SauARE, or St. John's Park is private property, belonging to Trinity Church, which, however, has been reserved as a permanent public square. It is B 2 22 TABLE or niSTANCFK between Beach, Laight, Varick, and Hudson streets, is surrounded by an elegant iron fence, which cost 5i;2G,000, and is beautifully laid out in walks. It contains about four acres of ground, and is one of the most elegant pub- lic places in the city. St. John's church, which fronts on this square, by its fine proportions and its lofty spire, 240 feet high, adds a grandeur to the beauty of this scenery. E. c. Washington Square, is one mile and a half north of the City Hall, between Wooster and M'Dougal streets. It contains about nine acres and three quarters of ground. About two thirds of this area, imcil the year 1827, consti- tuted the old Potters' Field, and belonged to the city ; the other third was purchased at an expense of about 78,000 dollars ; and the whole was enclosed with a wooden fence, at an expense of nearly 3,000 dollars. The New York University, a beautiful Gothic structure, fronts on this square. Other public squares have been laid out, farther up the city, which in time will probably be equally ornamented. Table of Distances from the Battery, the Merchants^ Ex- change, and the City Hall, in the City of Neic York. SU-eets. From the Battery, Exchange, City Hall. miles. ruiles. miles. Rector, \ Fulton, h k Warren, f k Leonard, 1 % \ Canal, U 1 h Spring, n \\ f Houston, If U 1 4th street, 2 1| U 9th street, 2\ 2 U 14th street, 2h 3| If 19th street, 3| 2i 2 24th street, 3 21 2} 29ch street, 3J 3 2i 34th street, 3^ 3i 2? 39th street, 3| 3^ 3 44th street, 4 3| Si 49th street, 4i 4 3h 54th street, 4h ^ 3i 58th street, 4f 4i 4 63d street, 5 4| 4\ 68th street, 5i 5 U PUBMC WORKS 23 streets. From the Battery, Exchange, City Hall. miles. miles. 73d Street, 5i 5i 78th street, 5| 5^ 83d street, 6 b% 88th street, 6i 6 93d street, 6J 6i 97th street, 6| 6J 102d street, 7 6f 107th street, 7i 7 112th street, 7i 7i 117th street, 7? 7* 121st street, 8 7? 126th street 8} 8 131st street, 8^ 8i 136th street, 8| 8i 140th street, 9 8| 145th street 9i 9 150ih street, 9^ 9i 155th street, 9f 9i PUBLIC WORKS. miles. 4| 5 5i 5i 51 6 ^i 6l 6| 7 7i 71 8 8i 8^ 8f 9 GAS WORKS. D. d. The New York Gas Light Company's works are located at the corner of Canal and Centre streets, and Centre and Hester streets. They have laid iron pipes in the principal streets, the aggregate length of which is 26 miles. E. b. The Manhattan Gas Light Company have th^'ir works at the foot of Eighteenth-street, on the North River; and have extended their pipes through much of the upper part of the city. MANHATTAN WATER WORKS. D. d. The Manhattan Company received a perpetnal charter in 1790, for the purpose of supplying the city with pure and wholesome water. Their capital is more than two millions of dollars. Their charter gives them ihe control over the streams and springs on York Island, and in the county of Westchester. The Manhattan water is chiefly raised by steam power from a large well in Read- street, whence it is extensively distributed in wooden and iron pipes. The well was formerly denominated the tea- water pump, and was considered as affording excellent B 3 24 PUBLIC WORKS. water ; but since it has become surrounded by a dense population, it has greatly deteriorated in quality, and by no means meets the increasing wants of the city. E. d. CJTY RESERVOIR. In Thirteenth-street, near the Bower}% the city corpora- tion have caused an extensive reservoir to be constructed, which is supplied from a well 112 feet deep, extensively dug through a solid rock. The water rises in the well to within twelve feet of the surface ; and by a steam-engine, it is raised into a large tank, eighty-three feet above tide- water, from which it is conveyed by pipes through the principal streets. This water is designed to be used in extinguishing fires; and from the openings in the pipes, the water is thrown, by the force of its pressure alone, over the houses in the lower parts of the city. H.\RL.\EM RAIL ROAD. The New York and Harlaem Rail Road Company was incorporated in 1831, with a capital of 350,000 dollars. This road is to extend from Prince-street in the Bowery, seven and a half miles, to Harlaem. It is finished from Prince-street, five miles, to Yorkville. A double track was completed in November, 1835, and cars run every 15 minutes, during every day in the week, at a fare of twelve and a half cents for a passenger. ' SUPPLY OF THE CITY WITH WATER FROM CROTON AND BRONX 1 RIVERS. I This is the most splendid and important public work that has yet been undertaken for the improvement of the I city. Under an act of the legislature, passed May, 1834, ! a survey of routes, and an estimate of the expense of bringing the waters of these rivers into the city of New York, in a large covered canal, have been made ; the I subject has been submitted to a ballot of the citizens, agreeably to a provision in the act, and by a majority of I 11,367, they decided in favour of the measure ; and prepa- 1 rations are making for the execution of this splendid pro- ject. The length of the canal will be about forty-five miles ; and the expense, exclusive of the pipes in the city, : will be about five millions of dollars, j It is estimated that these rivers may be made to supply, I daily, 32 millions of gallons, while the present demand of I the "city is not more than 8 millions of gallons. STEAMBOAT LINES. 25 STEAMBOAT LINES. The first successful attempts at steamboat navigation were made by Fulton and Livingston, on the North River, in 1806. New York has been eminently benefitted by this improvement, while it has extended its advan- tages to all parts of the United States, and, indeed, of the civilized world. Ten steamboats continually ply between New York and Albany, and eight more between New York and dif- ferent places on the North R,iver. Numerous steamboats connect New York with places in the vicinity, in New Jersey, and on Long Island. Four boats form two lines to Newport and Providence, R. I. Three boats form a line to Hartford, Con. ; and two to New Haven. Other boats sail for Norwich, Bridgeport, and Norwalk, Con. Two boats form a line to Charleston, South Carolina. COLLEGES, ACADEMIES, AND SCHOOLS. D. c. Columbia College, situated between Church and Chapel streets, with Murray-street in its rear, was estab- lished by a royal charter, in 1750, by the name of King's College, which name it retained until 1787, when, by an act of the legislature, the name was changed to Colum- bia College. By the original charter, the President was required to belong to the Episcopal Church ; but no religious test was required of the professors or students. The Faculty of Arts consists of a President, and ten Professors. The number of gra.duates, from its establish- ment to 1833, was about 1500. A college grammar school, subject to the control of the Trustees, is connect- ed with the institution. E. c. The University op New York, situated on Washington Square, was chartered in 1831, and opened for the reception of students in October, 1832. The Faculty of Arts consists of a Chancellor, and twelve Pro- fessors. It has rapidly risen to respectability, and pro- mises to be an ornament, and an extensive benefit to the city. F. b. The General Theological Seminary op the Protestant Eplscopal Chcrch in the United States, situated at the corner of Ninth Avenue, and Twenty-first- street, was established in 1819. It is under the instruction of four Professors. 26 MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS. The Public School Society of New York was incor- porated in 1805. It has under its charge 17 schools, 2 of which are for coloured youth. In addition to these prin- cipal schools, the society has established SI primary schools, 8 of which are for coloured children. These schools have 77 distinct branches, 53 adult teachers, prin- cipal or assistant, and OG paid monitors, or subordinate teachers. In 182,S, thirty thousand children had received an education in the Public Schools, not one of whom had ever been arraigned for a criminal offence. These schools are, at present, in a hi<^hly prosperous state, and are of immense advantage to the city. The number of children and youth in these schools, in 1836, was about twenty thousand. D. d. The Mechanic's School in Crosby-street, was founded in 1820, and is well supplied with male and fe- male teachers, and has several himdred scholars. It is a prosperous and useful institution. There are about 30 male and 20 female schools, of a high order, in the city, and a very large number, of less notoriety. MEDICAL. INSTITUTIONS. C. c. The College of Physicians and Surgeons in the City of New York, in Barclay-street, near Broadway, was founded in the year 1807. It has seven Professors, who give courses of lectures, annually. This institution has purchased a very commodious building, in a fine lo-, cation, in Crosb)''-street, (formerly the female high school,) to which they design to remove, at the expiration of an i unexpired lease on the premises. There are many other medical institutions in the city, of different descriptions. Among them are. The New York Eye-Infirmary, founded in 1820. It has four surgeons for the eye, and two for the ear. j D. c. The New York Hospital, in Broadway, between Duane and Anthony streets. Attached to this "institution are fourteen Physicians and Surgeons. The Lunatic Asylum, at Bloomingdale, is connected with this institu- ] tion. j D. d. The New York Dispensary, at the corner of! White and Centre streets, was founded in 1790, to furnish, medical aid to the poor. It has connected with it twenty Phvsicians and Assistants, ! LITERARY AND SCIKNTIFIC INSTITUTIONS. LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC INSTITU- TIONS. C. c. The American Academy of the Fine Arts, situ ated in Barclay-street near Broadway, was founded in j 1S03, and incorporated in 1808. It exhibits annually, in May, a line collection of paintings, sculpture, &c. A part of these were received as a present from Napoleon, while first Consul of France. C. d. The National Academy of Design in Clinton Hall, was founded in 1826. It has nine Professors, and courses of lectures on painting, sculpture, &c. It has an annual public exhibition, in the month of May, of the productions of living artists only. The New York Historical Society in Chambers-street, corner of Broadway, was established in 1809. It has a library of 10,000 volumes, and a valuable collection of coins and medals. It has published three volumes of Historical Collections. The New York Society Librarv, No. 33 Nassau-street, was established in 1754. It has 20,000 volumes, and is open daily, except Sundays and holydays. The New York Athen.eum, corner of Broadway and Chambers-street, was established in 1824. It has a libra- ry of 1600 volumes, together with a large collection of American and foreign periodicals and news-papers. The Lyceum of Natural History, at the corner of Centre and White streets, was established in 1818. It has a valuable library, and a museum of natural history. The New York Literary and Philosophical Society, is a highly respectable institution, founded in 1814 ; and it embraces among its members, many eminently scientific men. At the monthly meetings of the society, scientific and literary communications are read, and referred to the consideration of the counsellors ; and those which are thought deserving publication, are given to the public in the society's transactions. C. c. Clinton Hall Association was established in 1830, for the promotion of Literature, Science, and the Arts. The Mercantile Library Association, in Clinton Hall, was instituted in 1821. Its object is the moral and intel- lectual improvement, especially of merchants' clerks. It has a library of about ten thousand volumes ; a reading- 1 RELIGIOUS AND BliNEVOLLNT INSTITUTIONS, ' room which is daily open ; and an annual course of lec- tures, during the winter season. The Ai'x^-RfiNTicEs' Library of the General Society or Mkchanics and Tbade.-men, in Crosby-street, was estab lished in 1820. It has a library of about thirteen thousand volumes, and commodious reading-rooms. The INew York Law Institute in the City Hall, was established m 1830. It has an appropriate library of be- tween two and three thousand volumes. The Mechanic'.s Institute was incorporated in 1833. Office inihe basement of the City Hall. This institute has a respectable library and philosophical apparatus, and supports, annually, a course of scientific lectures. It also holds an annual fair. RELIGIOUS, MORAL, AND BENEVOLENT INSTITUTIONS. The American Bible Society, No. 115 Nassau-street, was instituted in 1816. It has about one thousand auxili- aries. In 18 years, it issued more than one million and a half of copies of the Bible and Testament. The American Tract Society, at the corner of Nassau and Spruce streets, was instituted in 1825. lis tracts, and other publications, amount to between 30 and 40 millions. The American Home Missionary Society, at No. 150 Nassau-street, -was instituted in 1826. During the seventh year of its operations, it sustained 606 missionaries, la- iDouring in about 900 congregations, or missionary dis- tricts, in 23 states. The American Sunday School Union, New York Branch. The parent institution, in Philadelphia, was instituted in 1827. The branch depository is at 205 Broadway. In addition to the publication of books, it issues Vv-eekly " The Sunday School Journal." The New York Sunday School Union, was Instituted! in 1816. Nearly twelve thousand children are connected with its schools, which have libraries, containing more than fifteen thousand volumes. The American Seamen's Friend Society, 82 Nassau- street, was instituted in 1826. It publishes the " Sailors' Magazine," in addition toils numerous other exertions for the benefit of seamen. Besides the foregoing, each religious denomination has numerous religious societies for promoting the cause LIST OF CHURCHES. 29 within their respective limits. Those of the Episcopalians are particularly noticeable. The New York Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb was instituted in 1817, and is located on 50th street, between 4th and 5th Avenues, near the Harlaem Rail-road. It has between one and two hundred pupils. The American Institute of the Citv of New York was established in 1829, for the promotion of Domestic Industry, and the advancement of the Arts. It holds a splendid annual fair. LIST OF CHURCHES. The first place of worship in the city was built by the Dutch, in the fort, near the Bowling-green. This ancient chapel was destroyed by fire, in 1741. ' Dutch Reformed. C.d. First, or South Dutch Church, Exchange-place, near Broad, founded, 1693. C.c. Middle Dutch Church, Liberty,cor. Nassau, founded, 1729. C.d. North Dutch Church, William, cor. Fulton, founded,1769! {Founded since ISOO.) D.c. Northwest Church, Franklin, near Church D.d. Northeast Church, Mariiet, cor. Henry. I D.c. Church.Broome, cor. Green. E.c. Church, Green, cor. Houston. E.c. Church, Bleecker, cor. Amos. E.d. Church, Ninth, near Broadway. K.d. Church, Harlaem. E.d. Mission Church, Houston, cor. Forsyth. E.e. Young Men's Mission Church, Third, near East River. H.b. Church, Harsenville. E.d. Church, cor. Fourth and Lafayette. D.c, Free Reformed Dutch Church, Kmg, near McDougal. D.d. German, 21 Forsyth. Episcopalian. C.c. Trinity Church, Broadway, opposite Wall, founded, 1696. D.c. French Prot. Epis. du St. Esprit, (Pine,) now Franklin, cor. Church, founded, 1704. C.d. St. George's Church, Beekman, cor. Cliff; founded, 1752. C.c. St. Paul's Chapel, Broadway, cor.Vesey, founded, 1765. _^ ^ {Founded since 1800.) D.c. St. John's Chapel, Varick, opposite St. John's Park. D.c. Christ Church, 81 Anthony. C.c. Grace Church, Broadway, cor. Rector. I E.d. St. Mark's Church, Stuyvesanf, cor. Second Avenue. D.d. Zion Church, Mott, cor. Cross. 30 LIST OF CHURCHES. D.d. St. Stephen's, Chrystie, cor. Broome. E.G. St. Thomas' Church, Broadway, cor. Houston. E.c. St. Luke's Church, Hudson, opposite Grove. D.d. Church of the Ascension, Canal, n-ar Broadway. D.e. All Saints' Church, Henry, cor. Scammel. E.c. St. Clement's Church, Amitj^, near McDougal. C.d. Mission Church of the Holy Evangelists, Vandewater, near Frankfort. E.d. Mission Church of the Epiphany, Stanton, near Norfolk. F.c. St. Peter's Church, Twentieth, near Ninth Avenue. D.d. St. Philip's Church, (coloured,) 33 Centre. J.b. St. Michael's Church, Bloomin.gdale. H.d. St. James' Church, Hamilton Square. K.b. St. Mary's Church, Manhattanville. N.b. St. Ann's Church, Fort Washington. K.d. St. Andrew's Church, Harlaem. E.e. Church of the Nativity, Avenue D. near Dry Dock. E.d. St. Bariholoniew's, La Fayette-place. F.d. Calvary Church, Third Avenue. Presbjrterian. e.c. First Presbyterian Church, Wall, near Broadway, found- ed, 1719. C.d. Brick Presbyterian Church, Beekman, near Park, found- ed, 1767. D.d. Rutger's Street Church, Rutger's, cor. Henry, founded, j 1797. {Founded since 1800.) I D.c. Cedar Street (now Duane Street) Church, Duane, cor. Church. D.c. Canal Street Church, Carinl, cor. Green. D.c. Laight Street Church, Laight, cor. Varick. i D.d. Seventh Church, Broome, cor. Ridge. I E.c. Eighth Church, Christopher, near Bleecker. 1 D.d. Allen Street Church, Allen, near Grand. I D.d. Central Pres. Church, Broome, near Elm. j D.c. Spring Street Church, Spring, near Varick. E.d. Bleecker Street Church, Bleecker, near Broadway. j D.d. Bowery Church, 66 Bowery. D.c. Union Church, Broadway Hall. j e.c. First Free Pres. Church, Dey, cor. Washington. D.d. Second Free Pres. Church, Chatham Street Chapel, 84 Chatham Street. j E.c. Third Free Pres. Church, Thompson, cor. Houston, j D.d. Fourth Free Pres. Church, M-idison, cor. Catherine. E.c. Fifth Free Pres. Church, (Village Church,) Jane, near Eighth Avenue. I D.c. Murray Street Church, 45 Murray, i E.d. Second Avenue Church, Second Avenue, near Third. E.c. West Church, Carmine, near Varick. C.d. Coloured Pres. Cimrch, Frankfort, cor. William. LIST OF CHURCHES. 31 D.d. Brainard Church, cor. Essex and Stanton. E.e. Church, near Dry Dock. E.c. Mercer Street Church, Mercer, near Waverley-place. K.d. Church, Third Avenue, North of 121st Street. D.d. Welsh Pres. Church, 359 Broome Street. D.d. Sixth Free Church, (Congregational,) Broadway Taber- nacle, 340 Broadway. Seventh Free Church, (Congregational,) Thalian Hall, 452 Grand Street. Scotcli Presbyterian. C.c. Associate Church, Cedar, near Broadway, founded, 1758. D.d. do. do. 550 Pearl Street, founded, 1797. D.d. Reformed, (Chambers Street,) removed to Prince, cor. Orange, founded, 1797. {Founded since 1800.) D.c. Associate Pres. Church, Grand, cor. Mercer. D.c. do. do. Prince, cor. Thompson. E.c. Reformed do. Waverley-place, near Christopher. D.c. Associate Reformed do. Franlilin, near Chapel. Baptist. C.d. First Baptist, 33 Gold, founded, 1760. D.d. Ohver Street Church, 6 Oliver, founded, 1795. D.d. Bethel Church, Military Hall, Bowery, founded, 1796. {Founded since 1800.) D.c. Beriah Church, McDougal, opposite Vandam. D.d. Mulberry Street Church, Mulberry, near Chatham. D.c. Abyssinian Church, (coloured,) 44 Anthony. C.d. South Church, 84 Nassau. D.d. Union Church, Stanton, cor. Chrystie. E.c. North Cliurch, Bedford, cor. Christopher. D.d. East Church, Grand, near Pitt. E.d. Ebenezer Church, Houston, cor. Suffolk. E.c. Amity Street Church, Amity, near Green. D.e. Broome Street Church. Broome, cor. Cannon. D.d. Central Baptist Church, Female Institute, Crosby, near [ Spring. D.c. Welsh Baptist Church, cor. King and Hudson. E.c. Sixteenth Baptist Church, Eighteenth Street, near Ninth Avenue. D.c. Zion Baptist Church, (Coloured,) Duane. West Baptist Church, Masonic Hall. D.d. Emmaus Baptist Church, Henry, cor. Oliver. D.c. General Baptist Church, Laurens. Particular Baptist Church, Chrystie, near Walker, Methodist Episcopal. C.d. First Methodist, (the first in America,) 32 John, found- 1 ed, 1768. 32 LIST OF CHURCHES. D.d. Second Methodist Church, 8 Forsvth, founded, 17S9, D.c. Third do. do. ISO Du'ane, do. 1797. (Pounded since 1800.) D.d. Fourth Methodist Church, 130 Allen. D.d, Fifth do. do. Willet, near Broome. E.G. Sixth do. do. Bedford, cor. Morton. E.d. Seventh do. do. Seventh, near Third Av. E.e. Eighth do. do. Second St. near Avenue D. D.c. Ninth do. do. 61 Greene. E.c. Tenth do. do. Tsventieth, near Eighth Av. D.c. Eleventh, First Wesleyan Chapel, Vestry, N. of Hudson. K.d. Twelfth Methodist Church, 12.5th St., west of Third Av. F.d. Thirteenth, Second Wesleyan Chapel, Mulberry, near Bleecker. ! G.c. Fourteenth Methodist Church, 41st St., near Eighth Av. F.d. Fifteenth do do. 2Sth St. near Third Av. Independent Methodists. Independent Methodist Church, 56 Chrystie. D.d. Protestant Church, 61 Attorney. D.c. do. do Sullivan, near Spring. D.d. Primitive Church, 43 Elizabeth. D.c. do. do. Doniinick, near Varick. E.d. do. do. Pitt, cor. Houston. D.d. Asbury Church, (Coloured,) 55 Elizabeth. D.c. Zion Church, (Coloured,) 156 Church. Liutlieran. D.d. St. James' Church, Orange Street. D.d. St. Matthew's Church, Walker, near Broadway. Mora'Fian. e.d. United Brethren, 104 Fulton, founded, 1751. Friends. Friend's Meeting House, Liberty St. (removed and ex- tinct,) foundfid, 1704. Friend's Meeting House,Pearl St.(removed and extinct,) founded, 1775, [Pounded since 1800.) D.d. Meeting House, (Orthodox Friends,) 38 Henry. D.d. do do (Hicksite Friends.) Rose, near Pearl. D.d. do do do do Hester, cor.Elizabeth. E.c. do do do do Downing, near Bleecker. Roman Catholic. Co. St. Peter's Church, Barclay, cor. Church, founded, 1786. {Pounded since 1800.) D.d. Christ Church, James, cor. Madison. LIST OF CHURCHES, E.d. St. Patrick's Cathedra!, Mott, cor. Prince. D.d. St. Mary's Church. Grand, cor. Rid^e. E.c. St. Joseph's Church, Sixth Avenue. E.d. German Chapel, Second Si. near Avenue A. D.c. Transfiguration, Chambers Street. Univeisalists. D.d. Society of United Friends, Duane, cor. City Hall Place. D.d. Second Society of Universalists, Orchard, near Broome. E.c. Third do do Bleecker, cor. Dov/ning. Unitarian. D.c. First Unitarian Church, 109 Chambers. D.c. Second do do Mercer, cor. Prince. Independent, or Con^re^O^atioualist. D.c. Providence Chapel, 46 Thompson. D.d. Independent Welsh, 137 Mulberry. Jews. D.d. Jews' Synagogue, (Mill Street,) now 15 Crosby, found- ed, 1730. {Founded since 1800.) D.d. Synagogue of German Jews, Elm, near Canal. D.d. Synagogue, Grand, near Bov/ery. Miscellaneous. D.d. Mariners' Church, Rosevelt Street. D.d. New Jerusalem Church, 406 Pearl. * Christian Church, Broome Street. Total Number of CUnrclics in the City» Denominations. Founded before Founded since Total. 1800. lbi.0. Presbyterian, • 3 25 23 Congrcgationalist, 1 1 Scofch Presbyterian, 3 4 7 Dutch Reformed, 3 13 16 Episcopalians, 4 23 27! Baptist?, 3 18 21 ' Methodist, 3 20 23 Roman Catholics, 1 6 71 Friends, 2 extinct 4 6' Lutheran, 2 2 Universalists, 3 3i Unitarians, 2 2 Independent CongregationaUst, 2 2 Jews, 1 2 31 Moravians, 1 1 Miscellaneous, 3 3 Total founded before I?or>, 21 : ?inre 1?00, i:~. To-:;al i.v?. C 1 34 BANKS — INSURANCE COMPANIES. || BANKS. Where located. Chartered . Capital. Bank of America, 30 Wall, 1812, 2,000,000 Bank of New York, 32 Wall, 1791, 1,000,000 Butchers' & Drovers' E. 128 Bowery, 1830, 300,000 Chemical Bank, 216 Broadway, 1824, 500,000 Commercial Bank, ^ befsf "" ""'- ^^^™ City Bank, 38 Wall, ^ CanaTco"'^ ^"'^'''" ( 28 Wall, 1834, 1812, 720,000 1825, 500,000 Fulton Bank, Fulton or. Pearl, 1824, 600,000 Greenwich Bank, 394 Hudson, 1830, 200,000 ^e's' Bank!"""^"''"" ( ^5 William, 1832, 600,000 T.afavette Bank, 425 Broadway, 1834, Manhattan Company, 23 Wall, 1799, 2,050,000 Mechanics' Bank, 16 Wall, 1810, 2,000,000 Mechanics' & Traders' } ..,„ n^^^^ Bank, 5 ^^° ^'^^"^' 1830, 200,000 ]\rerchants' Bank, 25 Wall, 1805, 1,490.000 IMerchants' Exchange B. Greenwich or. Dey, 1829, 750,000 National Bank, 19 Wall, 1829, 7. TO, 000 N. Y. Dry Dock Co., 14 Wall, 1825, 420,000 North River Bank, Greenwich or. Dey, 1821, 500,000 Phoenix Bank, 24 Wall, 1812, 500,000 Seventh Ward Bank, 53 East Broadway, 1833, 500,000 Tradesmen's Bank, 177 Chatham, 1823, 400.000 Union Bank, 17 Wall, 1811, 1,000,000 N. Y. Bank for Savings, 43 Chambers, 1819, Seamen's Bank for^.Q.xT,,, Savings, . ^49V\all, 1820, Greenwich Savings B. 10 Carmine, 1833, Several of the above banks have been rechartered at a || later date. INSURANCE COMPANIES. The number of Fire Insurance Companies in New York, in December, 1835, was twenty-six , with an aggre- gate capital of about nine millions of dollars. Ten of these companies became insolvent by losses in the great fire of December 16th, 1835. There are, also, in the City of New York, twelve Ma- 1| rine Insurance Companies, with an agi^regate capital of 1 nearly four millions and a half of dollars -1 PERIODICALS — WARDS. 35 PERIODICALS. There are published in New York 13 large, and 4 small daily papers, 9 semi-weekly, about 35 weekly papers, and 20 monthly periodicals. WARDS. The city is divided into Sixteen Wards, each of which elects an Alderman, an Assistant Alderman, two Assess- ors, one Collector, and two Constables. The First Ward extends from Liberty-street, and the east end of Maiden-lane, south, to the extremity of the island, including Governor's, Bedlow's, and Ellis's islands. The Second Ward extends from Liberty-street, and the east end of Maiden-lane, northeast to Spruce and Ferry streets, and Peck-slip, bounded on the northwest by Broadway and Park-row, and on the southeast by the East River. The Third Ward extends from Liberty-street, north, to Reade-street, bounded on the east by Broadway, and west by the North River. The Fourth Ward extends from Spruce and Ferry streets, and Peck-slip, east, to Catharine-street, bounded on the north by Chatham-street, and on the south by the East River. The Fifth Ward extends from Reade-street, north, to Canal-street, bounded on the east by Broadway, and on the west by the North River. The Sixth Ward extends from the junction of Broad- way and Park-row, north, to Canal and Walker streets, bounded on the west by Broadway, and on the southeast by Chatham-street and the Bowery. The Seventh Ward extends from Catharine-street, east, to Corlear's Hook, bounded on the north by Division and Grand-streets, and south by the East River. The Eighth Ward extends from Canal-street, north, to Hammersley and Houston streets, bounded on the east by Broadway, and on the west by the North River. The Ninth Ward extends from Hammersley-street, north, to Fourteenth-street, bounded on the east" by the Sixth Avenue and Hancock-street, and west by the North River. 36 WARDS — LIST or STRERTS. The Tenth Ward extends from Division-street, north, to Rivington-street, bounded on the west by the Bowery, and east by Norfolk-street. The Eleventh Ward extends from Rivington-street, north, to Fourteenth-street, bounded on the west by the Bowery, and on the east by the East River. The" Twelfth Ward extends from Fortieth-street, north, to Harlaem River, and Spuytcn Duyvel's Creek, which separates New York Ishmd from Westchester i county, and includes Blackwell's, Great Barn, Randall's, i and Sunken-meadoAV islands, in the East River. The Thirteenth Ward extends from Division and Grand streets, north, to Rivington-.street, bounded on the west by Norfolk-street, and east by the East River. The FoiRTEEXTH Ward extends from Canal and i Walker streets, north, to Houston-street, bounded on the west by Broadway, and on the east by the Bowery. The Fifteenth Ward extends from Houston-street, north, to Fourteenth-street, bounded on the west by the Sixth Avenue and Hancock-street, and east by the Bowery. The Sixteenth Ward extends from Fourteenth-street on the south, to Fortieth-street on the north ; and from the Hudson on the \vest, to the Ea.st River on the east. Names. Albany, Albany Basin, Albion Place, AUen, Amity, Amos, Ann, Anthony, Art, Attorney, Avenue First, Avenue Second, Avenue Third, STREETS. Where they commence. 122 Greenwich, Between Albany & Cedar, Between Bowery & 2d Av. 124 Division, 681 Broadway, 10 Sixth Avenue, 222 Broadway, 62 Hudson, 759 Broadway, 262 Division, 291 Houston, 335 Houston, 413 Bowery, TV- *• Whole No. Direction, of the st. West, North, West, West, East, East, East, North, North. North, North. 24 1 195' 144 170 73 167 20 135 LIST OF STREETS. 37 i Names. Avenue Fourth, Avenue Fifth, Avenue Sixth, Avenue Seventh, Avenue Eighth, Avenue Ninth, Avenue Tenth, Avenue A,, Avenue B., Avenue C, Avenue D., Bank, Barclay, Barrow, Batavia, Battery-place, Bayard, Beach, Beaver, Bedford, Beeknian, Benson, Bethune, Birmingham, Bleecker, Bond, Bowery, Bridge, Broad, Broadway, Broome, Burhng-slip, Burton, Canal, Canon, Carlisle, Carmine, I Caroline, Carroll-place, Catharine, Where they commence. 1 Union-place, 66 Waverley -place, 1 Carmine, 120 Greenwich-lane, 590 Hudson, 860 Greenwich, 1 Thirteenth, 150 Houston, 180 Houston, 141 Houston, 290 Second, 100 Greenwich-lane, 229 Broadway, 1S4 McDougal, 74 Rosevelt, 2 Whitehall, 78 Division, 166 Chapel, 10 Broadway, 16 Hanimerslcf, 27 Park-row, 109 Leonard, 782 Greenwich, 68 Henry, 320 Bowery, 328 Broadway, 1 Doyer, 16 State, 10 WaU, 12 Battery-place, 20 Tompkins, 249 Pearl, 244 Bleecker, 100 Centre, 490 Grand, 114 Greenvrich, 1 Sixth Avenue, 213 Duane, Laurens to Thompson, 1 Division, „. .. Whole No. Direction, ofthest. North. North. North. North. North. North. North. North. North. North. North. West, West, West. East, West, West, West East, North, S. East, North, West, South, West & N.. East, North, East, South, North, West, South, West, West, North, West, West, North, West, South, 160 110 205 26 20 108 75 62 126 140 20 40 20 410 40 462 37 157 769 591 41 31 270 134 12 87 14 16 107 C 8 ^38 LIST OF STREETS. ""^ " Names. Where they commence. Direction. WI)ole No- ofthest. Catharine-lane, 347 Broadway, East, 10 Catharine-slip, 121 Cherry, South, 27 Cedar, 87 Pearl, West, 145 Centre, 142 Pearl, North, 169 Chambers, 62 Chatham, West, 200 Chapel, ri3 Murray, North, 196 Charles, 40 Greenwich-lane, West, 171 8 Charlton, 31 McDougal, West, 140 C/liathani. 1 Frankfort, East, 210 Chatham-square, Junction Chatham & Bowery. Cherry, 1 Dover, East, 486 Chestnut, 8 Oak, NorUi, 27 Christopher, 90 Sixth Avenue, West, 170 Chrystie, 56 Division, North, 235 Church, 188 Fulton, North, 235 City Hall-place, 12 Tryon-row, North, 57 Clarke, 179 Broome, North, 32 Clarkson, 227 Varick, West, 70 Cliff, 95 John, N. East, 106 Clinton, 192 Houston, South, 230 Cocnties'-slip, 74 Pearl, South, a? College-place, 59 Barclay, North, 10 Collister, 53 Beach, Nortli, 40 Columbia, 474 Grand, North, 132 Commerce, 272 Bleecker, West, 35 Corlaers, 547 Grand, South, 39 Cornelia, 41 Sixth Avenue, West, 42 Cortlandt, 173 Broadway, West, 82 Cortlandt-alley, 5a Franklin, North, 60 Crosby, 30 Howard, North, 160 Cross, Pearl, E^st, 65 Cuyler's alley, 53 Water, South, 20 Delancy, 183 Bowery, East, 340 Depeyster, 101 Water, South, 38 Desbrosses, 169 Hudson, West, 40 Dey, 193 Broadway, West, 88 Division, 1 Catharine, East, 299 Dominick, 21 Clark, West, 51 Dover, 512 Pearl, South, 32 Downing, 217 Bleecker, West, 66 Names. Doyer, Duane, Dutch, East Broadway, j Eden's-alley, ! Eldridge, I Eighteenth, I Eighth, Elizabeth, ' Elm, Eleventh, Esisex, Exchange, Factory, Ferry, Fifteenth, Fifth, First, Fletcher, Forsyth, Fourth, Fourteenth, Frankfort, Franklin-square, Franklin, Front, Fulton, Gay, Goerck, Gold, Govern eur, Governeur-lane, Grand, Great Jones, Great Kiln Road, Green-lane, 1 Greene, Greenwich, J Greenwich-lane, Grove, Where they commence. 1 Bowery, 34 Rose, 35 John, 1 Oliver, 38 Gold, 106 Division, Hudson River to Avenue Sixth, 60 Bayard, 14 Reade, Greenwich lane, 186 Division, 12 Hanover, 7 Waverley-place, 86 Gold, Hudson River, Third Avenue, 305 Bowery, 212 Pearl, 84 Division, Thirteenth, Hudson River to 1 Chatham, 6 Cherry, 68 Orange, 51 WhitehaU, 94 South, 16 Waverley-place, 526 Grand, 89 Maiden-lane, 299 Division, 97 Water, 80 Varick, 690 Broadway, 50 Thirteenth, 59 Liberty, 75 Canal, 16 Battery-place, 96 Sixth Avenue, 330 Hudson, ^. ^. Whole No. Direction, ^f ^^ gt. North, West, North, East, East, North, East River. East. North, North, East. North, West, North, S. East, East. East, East, South, North, East, East R. East, North, West, East, West, North, North, N. East, South, South, East, East, West, North, North, North, North, East, 181 217] 21 1 320 j 10; 200; 280 213 183. 136 41 220 i 680 i 90! 6 2181 4501 2&4| 121 145 ia2 80 20 556 56 100 ! 15 150 860 290 C 3 40 LIST OF STREETS. ^1 Names. Where they commence. „. ,. Whole No. 1 Direction. ofthest- | Hague, 369 Pearl, North, 13 , Hall, Hammersley, Sixth, North 188 Houston, West, 140 ' Hamilton, 89 Catharine, East, 50 ; Hammond, 80 Greenwich-lane, West, 164 Hancock, 559 Houston, North, 20 Hanover, 121 Pearl, North, 16 Harrison, 69 Hudson, West, 55 1 Henry, 16 Oliver, East, 303 I Hester, 159 Clinton. West, 219 Hoboken, 475 Washington, West, 20 Horatio, 200 Greenwich-lane, West, 100 Houston, 90 Mangin, West, 559 1 Howard, 117 Centre, West, 53 Hubert, 123 Hudson, West, 50 Hudson, 140 Chambers, North, 590 i Irving-place, 350 Fourteenth, North. Jacob, 23 Ferry, East, 25; James, 169 Chatham, South, 99 j James-slip, 80 Cherry, South, 25 1 Jane, 200 Greenwich-lane, West, 120 i Jay, 53 Hudson, West, 45 Jefferson, 219 Division, South, 110 Jersey, 129 Crosby, East, 17 John, 190 Broadway, East, 104 Jones, 157 Fourth, West, 47 ■ Jones'-Iane, 103 Front, South, 10 King, 57M.'Dougal, West, 150 La Fayctte-place, 20 Great Jones, North, 60 Laight, 125 Canal, West, 90 Laurens, 114 Canal, North, 128 Leonard, 82 Hudson, East, 162 Le Roy, 325 Hudson, West, 39 Le Roy-place, Mercer to Greene, West, 14 Lewis, 580 Grand, North, 171 Liberty, 73 Maiden-lane, West, 149 Lispenard, 113 Chapel, East, 67 Little Water, 61 Cross, North, 20 Ludlow, 170 Division, North, 189 Lumber, 98 Liberty, South, 60 LIST OF STREETS. ill _. . Whole No. 11 Names. "Where they commence, Direction- of the St. McDougal, Madison, Maiden-lane, Mangin, ! Manhattan, Market, Marketfield, 196 Spring, 426 Pearl, 172 Broadway, 549 Grand, 303 Second, R5 Division, 74 Broad, North, East, S. East, North, North, South, West, 224 370 169 70 13 100 30 20 % 38] Mechanic-alley, Mercer, Merchants, 80 Monroe, 58 Canal, 10 William, South, North, East, Mill, 85 Broad, East, Minetta, Monroe, Montgomery, Moore, 207 Bleecker, 7o Catharine, 279 Division, 32 Pearl, East, East, South, South, 40: 416 ! 90! 37l 1 Morris, 7 Broadway, West, 20 j ' Morton, 254 Bleecker, West, in Mott, 178 Chatham, North, 2Sfv 1 Mulberry, 150 Cliatham, North, 800 j 113 166 64 :Murray, Nassau, New, 247 Broadway, 9 Wall, 4 Wall, West, North, South, Ninth Sixth Avenue, East. Nineteenth, Norfolk, Hudson River to 206 Division, East R. North, 162 North-Moore, 149 Chapel, West, 100 Oak, 392 Pearl, East, 58 Old- slip, 1 Stone, South, 33 Oliver, 187 Chatham, South, 114 Orange, 18 Chatham, North, 247 Orchard, 150 Division, North, 195 Park-row, 1 Ann, East, 37 1 Park- place, 1 Peaxl, 239 Broadway, 14 State, West, -i ' East & North, 574 Peck-slip, 314 Pearl, South, io Pelham, 116 Monroe, South, 11 Pell, 20 Bowery, West, 33 Perry, 60 Greenwich-lane, West, 163 ; Pike, 141 Division, South, 90 \ Pine, 103 Broadway, East, 99 ,42 LIST OF STREETS. Names. Where they commence. Direction, ^ofte^et Pitt, 428 Grand, North, 126 1 Piatt, 223 Pearl, West, 45 i Prince, 232 Bowery, West, 186 Rector, 80 Broadway, West, 21 Roade, 11 Cross, West, 195 Renwick, 22*2 Canal, North, 46 1 Republican-aUey, 36 Reade, 20 1 Rider's-alley, 70 Fulton, 10 1 Ridge, 260 Di\ision, North, 130 j Rivington, 215 Bowery, East, 320 1 Robinson, 4 College-place, West, 75 1 Rosevelt, 137 Chatham, South, 110 ! Rose, 40 Frankfort, N. East, 57 Rutgers, 193 Division, South, 94 ! Scammel, 450 Grand, South, 66 j Second, 325 Bowery, East. 320 j Seventeenth, Hudson River to East R. i Seventh, Third Avenue to East R. Sheriff, 458 Grand, North, 127 Sixteenth, Hudson River to East R. Sixth, Third Avenue to East R. Sinith, 16 Hammersley, South, 20 South, 63 Whitehall, East, 203 Spring, 190 Bowery, West, 315 Spruce, 152 Nassau, S. East, 45 Stanton, 257 Bowery, East, 330 Staple, 175 Duane, North, 40 State, 24 Whitehall, W. & North, 20 St. John's-lane, 9 Beach, North, 20 Stone, 17 Whitehall, East, 65 StuYvesant, 401 Bowery, East, 51 Stuyvesant-place, Seventh, North R. Suffolk, 230 Division, North, 156 Sullivan, 150 Canal, North, 240 Temple, 92 Liberty, South, 20 Tenth, Sixth Avenue, East. Thames, 111 Broadway, West, 13 Theatre-alley, 17 Ann, North, 7 Third, 347 Bowery, East, 440 Thirteenth, Hudson River to East R, ENVIRONS OP NEW YORK Vestry, Walker, Wall, Walnut, Warren, Washington-place Washington, Water, Watts, Waverley-place, Weehawken, West, White, Whitehall, Willet, William, Wooster, York, Where they commenc©. 128 Church, 132 Canal, 556 Grand, 57 Henry, 180 Greenwich, 36 Chatham, Hudson River to Hudson River to Hudson River to 15 McDougal, 56 Frankfort, 132 Franklin, 217 Broadway, 161 Canal, 159 Chapel, 88 Broadway, 302 Henry, 261 Broadway, 710 Broadway, 20 Battery-place, 44 Whitehall, 46 Sullivan, 98 Grove, Christopher, 24 Albany, 143 Chapel, 30 Marketfield, 444 Grand, 107 Pearl, 94 Canal, 9 St. John's-lane, Whole No. Direction. of the st. || West, 52 1 North, 270 11 North, 60 1 South, 20 West, 120 West, 12 East R. 1 East R. East R. West, 99 East, 43 1 North, 227 j West, 110 West, 70 East, 294 East, 95 South, 77 West, 120 West, 24 North, 840 East, 738 West, 100 East, 141 North. North, 390 East, 136 South, 63 North, 136 N. East, 273 North, 250 East, 17 The number of New York, of regulated streets, lanes, &c., in the city |, is about three hundred. ENVIRONS OF KKW YORK. The Place next in importance to New York, in the im- mediate^ vSnity, and intimately connected with it is the City or BrooILvn, situated on the -'ff/i^d o^^Long, Island, and opposite the lowen^ar^^nhe^^ 44 ENVIRONS OF NEW YORK. 'York, from which it is separated by the East River, j which at this place is about half a mile wide. I BrookljTi was settled in the year 1636. Though it was the most considerable of the Dutch settlements near New York, it did not choose regular magistrates until 1646, I though some kind of authority was previously established. ' The first house for public worship, which Vv-as a Dutch I Church, was erected in 1666. Six years previous to this, the 1 Rev. Henricus Selwyn, a minister of the Dutch Church, ! had been installed in Brooklyn, with a salary of 600 guilders, or 240 dollars, one half of which was paid by the inhabitants, and the other half by Fatherland, or Holland. St. Ann's Episcopal Church was established in 1766 ! In August, 1776, Long Island became the seat of the i Revolutionary war, and many of the remains of Ibrtifica- tians then thrown up, are still to be seen in Brooklyn, though some of them have been obliterated in the regu- lation of streets. The population of the place, at that time was small, and the number of houses was few. At the close of the Revolutionary war, it had but 56 houses. Brooklyn is connected with the City of New York by four ferries, on which steamboats continually run. The ferry from Fulton-street in Brooklyn, to Fulton-street in New York, is 731 yards wide. The ferry from Main- street in Brooklyn to Catharine-street in New York, is 736 yards. The Jackson-street, or Navy Yard ferry, is 707 yards. The south ferry from Atlantic-street in Brook- lyn to Whitehall in New York, is about 1300 3^ards wide. Brooklyn received a city charter in April 8th, 1834. It has recently advanced very rapidly in population and improvement, and, in the number of its inhabitants, it now ranks as the third place in the state. The population of Brookhni, in 1820, was 7.175; in 1825, it was 10,791 ; in 1830, "it was 15,394, and in 1835, it was about 25,000. The principal part of the inhabit- ants are in the first five wards. From 1820 to 1830, the gain was at the rate of 50 per cent, in 5 years. From 1830 to 1835, it was about 65 per cent. During the last period, real estate advanced with great rapidity. In the year 1835, there were built, or in progress, 321 houses, out-houses, and churches. Of these, there were of brick, 25 of two stories; 35 of three stories ; and 43 of four stories. The churches erected were, 1 Episcopal, 1 Baptist, 1 Dutch Reformed, 1 Catholic. A Lyceum is also in progress. YORK. -45 The city, rtich ?"»i"''„^^ '^y^'waris each of ^Wch f,r,n^'lldefmen;""l"o"c™^it«e ,he Co.»o„ Council and elect the Mayor. CHURCHES. The follovin, churcl^s have be- e^ Unitarian, 1- Friends, 1-Total, !/• LITERARY INSTITUTIONS. ^Th^e"S"rw"™% ^-ci. ^ The principal Roads, with the contemplated Canal Rail Roads, will be delineated, and the distances place to place marked. Plots will be given in the margin of Alton and env, for forty miles in extent; and of Galena, the lead re including a portion of AVisconsin Territory an. Dubuque and Des iMoines country. S. STILES & CO. Wo. 4 Spruce Street, NEW-YORK. Maps, Charts, Diplomas, Bills of Exchange, Care Landscapes, &c. &.-. ENGRAVED A2»D PRINTED. ^^^ vv ^^"^ o " " ° -» "^^^ Sv^F^SS 006 636 2310