T wp p j gfflP i ifjBWwiiii i fiwi ii wrwiili A.J?.- tf^^LiBRARY OF Congress.^! I ^ I f: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.rOiji ■■■^ '■-"'■ c*!^ A COLLBCTIOlf OF facts, Dates and Statistics OF THS USITED STATES OF AMERICA, KESPECTINa THE GOVERNMENT, ARMY, NAVY, DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS, FINANCft REVENUE, TARIFF, LAND SALES, HOMESTEAD AND NATURALIZA- TION LAWS, DEBT, POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES, AND EACH STATE AND CONSIDERABLE CITY, AGRICULTURAL CONDITION, AREA FOR CULTIVATION, FOREIGN COINS AND THEIR VALUE, FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC POSTAGES AND LABOR TABLES, EDUCATION AND RAILWAYS, ETC., ETC. BEING THE MOST COMPLETE COLLECTION OF STATISTICS EVER BROUGHT TOGETHER IN A SINGLE VOLUME OF SMALL WZE. TO BE PRESENTED TO SAOH PlTBOHAaBR OW GATLORD WATSON, J 6 Bmdkmait 8tm«r 1876. TO THK rURCHASKHS OF WATSON'S NEW MAP OF THE UNITED STATES. It has been our object iu preparing this little luanual, ru furui.sh all withont additiontil cost to you, thougli at heavy ejqjeuse to oursclvi's, those general statistics which are likely to lie wanted by a map purchasoi-. We think that we have succeeded in giving you the most valuable collection ever made in any moderate compass, and shall be greatly disappoinicil, if this does not largely increase the demand for our beautiful map. If tlie purchasers are satisfied with our efibrt to give them their money's \\.)rtJi, ■we shall be thoroughly content. The ruBJLisiiKK. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the Tear 1875, by G A YLOKD WATSON, in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. THE GENERAL GOVERNMENT, . r. PUIXCIPAI. DKPAUTMENTS, OKI.ICER.S OF THE CABINET, THE AKMV AND NAVV ^OX^m^T o"'^''''''''''^'^^^'"'''^''^'^™ REI^TIONS-OUK MINI8TKK8 AA* CONSULS ro FOREIGN COUNTRIES, AND THEIRS TO THIS COUNTRY. UNITED STATES GOVEENMENT. PRESIDENT. Ulysses S. Grant, of Galena, Illinois. Tem expires March 4, 1877 The President, is chosen by Electors, who are elected by the People each State having as many as it has Senators and Representatives in Congress He holds office four years; is Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States ,- has power to grant pardons and repneves for offenses against the United States ; nmkes treaties, by and sent nf I. r\''''°'"^'^^' ^^'"'*^' nominates, and, with the con- sent of the Senate, appomts, all Cabinet, Diplomatic, Judicial and Exec- utive officers; has power to convene Congress, or the Senate only ; com- mumcat..s with Congress by message at every session; receives all Foreign Mimsters; takes care that the laws are faithfully executed, andthepubL busmess transacted. Salary $50,000 a year. - tice-president. Thomas W. Ferrt. of Michigan, is President pro tem of the Senate. Is chosen by tlie Electors at the same time, and in the same manner as the President; is President of the Senate, and has the casting vote therein. In case of the death, resignation, disability or removal of the President his powers and duties devolve upon the Vice-President for the residue of his term In cases of vacancy, where the Vice-President suc- ceeds to the Presidential office, the President of the Senate becomes e^ officw Vioe-President. Salary $10,000 a year. THE state department Preserves the public archives, records, laws, documents and treaties, and supervises their publication ; conducts all business and correspondence mWons'ltc ''^'' ^'^'*'''''' °''^'' """^ '""^ '''"'^' P^^^P^^' ««^ Department Officers. Secretary of State : Hamilton Fish, of New Ywk Assistant Secretary: J. L. Cadwallader, of New Jersey. Second Assistant Secretary : Wm, Hunter, of lihode Island TBM aJBKHRAL QOYERNMENT. Diplomaitc Officers. er»at BrlUln. do do d« do do do Eastlndieg Australia Canada Kossia do do do do do Franca . do do do do do Spain do do Cnba Portugal do do do Belgium do do do : Netherlands do do Denmark do .. : Sweden A Norway. do do Garmanjr do do do Saxony. Bremen Hamburg Bavaria Wurtembarg Baden Austrift do do do SwUzerUnd do do n»iT do do do do ttokey do -••• do do Egypt Greece Barbary States Liberia Muscat do Madagascar Japan do do do 81am....* ' China do do do do Hawaiian Islands. . do do Hayti San Domingo Itexic* de Edwards. Pierreipont Wickliam Hoffman William H. Chesebrcngh. Adam Badeau Lucius Fairchild S. li. Glasgow James M. Donnan A. 0. Litchfield Thomas Adamson, Jr William A. Dart. George H. Boker vlinister Minister Secretary Legation. 2d Sec. Legation Consul General Consul do do Consul-Geueral Consul Consul-General FOEEIGN RESIDENCE. Eugene Schuyler George Pomutz 8. P. Young Ij.E. Dyer A. Wllkins Elihu B. Washburne.. R. R. Hitt Gratiot Washburne . . . . Alfred T. A. Torbert... John A. Bridgland Frank W. Potter Caleb Gushing Alvey A. Adee Alfred N. Doffle Henry O.Hall Benjamin Moran Vacant Henry W. Diman Alfred V. Dockery Vacant Vacant John Wilson James B. Weaver Francis B. Stockbrldge Frederick Schultz Charles Mueller M. J. Cramer Henry B. Ryder C. C. Andrews , F. K. Hazier J. O, Bancroft Davis. . . Nicholas Fish... Chapman Coleman William P. Webster.... John H. Steuart JohnM. Wilson Edward Robinson O. Honry Horstman Jos. S. Potter William H. Young GodlovoS. Orth John F. Delaplaine P. Sidney Post A. W. Thayer Horace Bublee Henry Erni ChaflesH. Upton George P. Marsh George W. Wurtz Paul Dahlgreen O. M. Spencer B.Odell Duncan Horace Maynard J. H. Ooodenow A. A. Garguilio Frank 8. DeHaas O. M. Salvage R. Beardsley J. Meredith Read, Jr — K. A. Matthews J. Milton Turner Wm. G. Riley Wm. G. Robinson J. P. Finklemeier John A. Bingham Durham W. Stevens — David Thompson T. B. Van Buren P. W. Partridge Benjamin P. Avery S.Wells Williams George F. Seward Charles P.Lincoln Milton M. De Lano Henry A. Fierce James Scott E. D. Bassett Paul Jones John W Foster Daniel 3. Richardson. . . Edmund Johnson Jollns A. Skilton (Thomas F Wilson Secretary Legation. . Consul Consul-General Consul Agent Minister Secretary Legation. . Asst. Secretary Consul-General Consul do Minister Secretary Legation. . Consul Consul-General Minister Secretary Legation. . Consul do Minister Secretary Legation. . Consul do Minister Consul. do Minister (Consul Minister Consul. Mmister Secretary Legation. . Asst. Secretary Consul-General do do ' do do do do Minister Secretary Legation. . Consul do Minister Consul do Minister Secretary Legation. . Consul-General Consul do Minister Secretary Legation.. Interpreter Constil Agent Consul-Qenaral Minister •- ... Consul Consul-General Consul Consul Vice-Consul Minister Secretary Legation.. Interpreter Consul do Ministei- Secretary Legation. . Consul-General Consul do Minister Consul ♦"onsul-General Consul , Minister Secretary Legation. . Consul Consul-General Consul London do dc do Liverpool. Glasgow. Belfast. Calcutta. Melbourne. Montreal. St. Petersburg, do do Moscow. Odessa. Cronstadt Paris do do do Havre. Marseilles. Madrid. do Cadiz. Havana. Lisbon. do do Oporto. Brussels do do Antwerp. The Hague Rotterdam. Amsterdam. Copenhagen. do Stockholm. Oottenburgh Berlin, do do Frankfort. Leipsic. Bremen. Hamburg. Munich. Stuttgart, Manheim. Vienna, do do Trieste. Berne. Basle. Geneva, Rome, do do Genoa. Naples. Constantinople, do do Jerusalem. Alexandria. Cairo. Athens. Tangier Monrovia. Zanzibar. do Tamatave. Yeddo. do do Kangawa. Bangkok. Pekin. do Shanghai. Canton. Fuo Chow. Honolulu. do Portau Prince. St. Domingo. Mexico'. do Tampico. MrXlCO. Matamoras. THE GENERAL GOVERNMENT. Diplomatic Officers — Continued. Mexico Cen. Am. States... Colombia do Venezuela do Equador do Brazil do do do Argentine Cont". . . , do do ... Paraguay &, Uru'y do Chili do Peru do Bolivia 6... S. T. Trowbridge George Williamson. . William L. Scruggs. . Owen M. Long Thomas Kussell Aiifrust Van Cleef . . . Christian WuUweber Charles Weilcff James R. Partridge.. Wm. A. Purrington.. Joseph M. Ilinds Joseph W. Stryker... Thomas O. Osbom. . . Edward L. Baker.... John C. Caldwell.... Enoch Jacobs Cornelius A. Logan.. David J. Wells Richard Gibbs Philip Clayton Robert M. Reynolds.. OFFICE. FOREIGN RK8IDKNCB. do Bogata. Lagnayra. Quito. Ouayaquil. Minister Secretary Legaiion.. Consul General do do do do do Minister t Buenos Ayres. Montevideo, Uru'y. Minister Consul Valparaiso. Callao. Minister La Paz. FOREIGN LEGATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES. Argentine Republic. — Manuel Rafael Garcia, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary; G. Vedela Dorna, Sec. of Legation. Austria. — Count Ladislas Hoyos, Envoy Ex. and Minister Plen. ; Chev. Ernest von Tavera, Secretary of Legation ; Dr. Sigismund R, Blum, Attache. Belgium. — Mr. Maurice Delfosse, Envoy Ex. and Minister Plen. ; Amedee Vanden Nest, 1st Secretary of Legation; Baron Du Jardin, 1st Secretary. Brazil. — Counsellor A. P. de Carvalho Borges, Envoy Ex. and Min- ister Plen.; Senhor Benjamin Franklin Torreao do Barros, Secretary of Legation; Senor Dom Henrique Carlos Ribeiro Lisboa, Attache. Chili. — Senor Don Adolf o Ibanez, Envoy Ex. and Minister Plen. ; Senor Don F. G. Errazuriz, Secretary of Legation; Don Eduardo Vigil Zanartu, Attache. Colombia. — Senor Don Felipe Zapata, Envoy Ex. and Minister Plen. ; Don F. Agudelo, Secretary of Legation ; Don G. Espinosa, Attache. Denmark. — J. H. de Hegermann Lindencrone, Minister Resident. France. — Mr. A. Bartholdi, Envoy Ex. and Minister Plen.; Count de la Rochefoucauld, Secretary of Legation; Count de Pourtales, Third Secretary; Mr. Boutton, Attache; M. le Capitaine Anfrye, Mil- itary Attache; Mr. Paul Dejardin, Oonsul-ChanceUer. German Empire. — 'Mr. Kurd Von Schlozer, Envoy and Minister Plen. ; Baron Max von Thielmann, Secretary of Legation ; Mr. P. W. Buddecke, Chancellor of Legation. Great Britain. — Sir Edward Thornton, K. C. B., Envoy Ex. and Minister Plen. ; Robert Grant Watson, Secretary of Legation; Capt. "Wm. Gore Jones, R. N., Naval Attache; Hon. Power H. le Poer Trench, Second Secretary; Charles Fox Frederick Adam, Esq., At- tache. Guatemala, Salvador and Honduras. — Senor Don Vicente Dardon, Charge d' Affaires; Senor Don J. Saborio, Secretary of Legation. Q THE GENERAL GOVERNMENT. Haijti—Mx. Steven Preston, Envoy Ex. and Minister Plen. Hawaiian Islands.— E. H. Allen, Minister Resident. Italy.— Baron Albert Blanc, Envoy Ex. and Minister Plen. ; Count Litta, Secretary of Legation. Japan.— Yoshida. Kiyonari, Minister Resident; Mr. Yoshida Djiro, S cretary of Legation; Mr. Asada Yasunori, Attache; Mr. Hangiro Absano, Attache; Mr. Seinoske Tashiro, Attache. Mexico.—Senor Don Ignacio Mariscal, Envoy Ex. and Minister Plen.; Senor Don Jose T. de Ciiellar, Secretary of Legation; Senor Don Cayetano Romero, Second Secretary.' Netherlands.— B.err Pestel, Minister Resident. Nicaragua. Senor Don Emilio Benard, Minister Resident. Portugal— Boxon de Santa Anna, Envoy Ex. and Minister Plen. Peru. Senor Coronel Don Manuel Freyre, Envoy Ex. and Minis- ter Plen.; Don Eduardo Villena, Secretary of Legation: Don Ernesto Aservi, Attache. Emsia.—^v Nicholas Shishkin, Envoy Ex. and Minister Plen. ; Mr. N. de Voigt, Secretary of Legation; Mr. George Bakhmetoff, Second Secretary of Legation. Spain.— Don Antonio Mantilla de los Rios, Envoy Ex. and Minister Plen.; Senor Don Jose de Soto, Second Secretary of 'Legation; Don Luis Polo de Bernabe, 3d Secretary of Legation; Senor Don Carios Erenchum, Attache; Senor don Tomas de Rueda, Attache; Colonel Don Teodoro Bermudez, Military Attache. Sweden and iVorimy.— Mr. A. Grip, Charge d'Affaires ad mterum; M. de Bjornstjerna, Secretary of Legation and Charge; Mr. C. de Bildt, Attache. Turkey.— Gregoive Aristarchi Bey, Envoy Ex. and Minister Plen.; Baitazzi Effendi, Sec. of Legation; Rustum Effendi, 2d Secretary of Legation. Venezuela.— Jnan B. Dalla Costa, Envoy Ex. and Minister PI Andres S. Ibarra, Sec. of Legation. THE TREASURY DEPARTMENT. Receives and has charge of all moneys paid into the United States Treasury, has general supervision of the fiscal transactions of the Gov ernment, the collection of r evenue,the auditing and payment of accou and other disbursements, supervises the execution of the laws relating . ^ ■ Commerce and Navigation of the United States, the Revenues and Cur- rency, the Coast Survey, the Mint and Coinage, the Light-House Estab- lishment, the construction of MarineHospitals,Custom-Houses,&c. The 1st Comptroller prescribes the mode of keeping and rendering accounts for the civil and diplomatic service, and the public land. To him the First, Fifth, and Sixth Auditors report. T ae Strcond Comptroller pre- THE OENERAL GOVERSMENT. 7 THE TREASURY DEPARTMENT— (Continued.) cribes the mode of keeping and rendering accounts for the army, navy and Indian Departments, and to him the Second, Third and Fourth Auditors report. The First Auditor adjusts the accounts of the cus- toms, revenue, civil service and private acts of Congress. The Second Auditor adjusts accounts relating to pay, clothing and recruiting of the army, the arsenals, armories and ordnance, and the Indian depart- ment. The Third Auditor adjusts accounts for army subsistene, fort- ifications, militai-y academy and roads, quartermaster's department and military claims. The Fourth Auditor adjusts the navy accounts, the Fifth diplomatic, and the Sixth postal affairs. Department Officers. Secretary of the Treasury : Lot M. Morrill, of Maine. Assistant Secy's: C. F. Conant, of N. Y., and C. F. Burnham WAR DEPARTMENT. Has charge of business growing out of military affairs, k(^eps the records of the army, issues commissions, directs the movement of troops, siiperintends their payment, stores, clothing, arms and equip- ments and ordnance, constructs fortifications, and conducts works of military engineering. Department Officers. Secretary of War: J. Donald Cameron, of Pennsylvania. Chief Clerk: H. T. Crosby, of Peuusylvaiiia. Inspector General: Brevet Major Genernl Randolph B. Marcy, of Massachusetts. Juojro Advocate General : Brevet Major General Joseph Holt, of Kentucky. Adjutaiit General : Brevet Major General E. U. Townaend, of Dist. of Columbia (>uarier M.i-ster General : Brevet Major Geneial M. C. Meigs, of Pennsylvania. Coniiuisa;;ry General: Brigadier General Eobert :&Iacfeely. Surgeon General: Brevet Major General Joseph K. Barnes, of Pennsylvania. Paymaster General: Brevet Brigadier General Benjamin Alvord, of Vermont. Chief ol Bureau of Engineers: Brevet Major General A. A. Humphreys, of Dist. of Columbia. Chief of Ordnance Bureau: Brigadier General S; V. Benet, of Florida. Signal Oliicer : Major General Albert J. Myer, of New York. General Officers of Regular. Army. NAME AXU KAXK. General. Wm. T. Sherman Lieutenant- General. Philip H. Sheridan. . . Major-Generals. Winfield S. Hancock John M. Scholield Irwin McDowell John Pope. Brigadier- Generals. (Jliver O. Howard Alfred H. Terry Edward O.C.Ord.... Christopher C. Augur George Crook ENTRY INTO SERVICE. APPOINTED FROM. July 1, 1840 Ohio. July 1, 1853 Ohio July 1, July 1, July 1, Julyl4, July 1, Jan. 15, Jnly 1. Tnly 1, July 1, 1844|Penna. 18.^7 183, 184i 18.>; 18(1.-. 18:;!' IS!" 185.' California. Ohio. Illinois. Maine. Conn. Maryland. •Vew York. Ohio. NAME AND RANK. Betired List. Major- Generals. Joseph Hooker. ENTRY INTO SEiniCE. Al'POINTEU FROM. S. 1*. Hointzelnian. Thomiis J. Wood.. John v.. Robinson. Daniel E. Sickle .. Samuel S. CarroU. Thomas W. Sherman- Richard "W.Johnson James B. Riclcets... Eli Long July 1. July X, iJaly 1, ioctTo?; !Nov.2!>, July J, July 1, July 1 July 1, Jan.2T, 1837:California. 18-26 tPenna. 1845iKintuckT. 1839: New York. leSiilNew York. 18o6|Di.st. Col. 183()Ir. Island. 1849 Kentucky. 1839 New York. 1856 Kentucky. TME GENERAL OOTERNMENX. Military Geographical Divisions and Departments. 1. Division rtf the Misscniri. — Departments of Dakota, of the Missouri, of the Platte, and of Texas ; headqaaxters at Chicago, Illinois. 2. Division of the Atlantic. — The New England States, the States of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware. Maryland, Virginia, "West Virginia, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, Indiana, and the District of Columbia ; headquarters at New York City. .3. Division of the Pacdfic. — Departments of CaUfomia, of the Columbia, and of Arizona ; head quarters at San Francisco, California. 4. Division of the South. — Departments of the South and of the Gulf; headquarters at Louis- ville, Kentucky. 5. Department of the Missouri. — The States of Missouri, Kansas and lUinois, and the Territo- ries of Colorado and New Mexico, and Camp Supply, Indian Territory ; headquarters at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. 6. Department of the Platte. — The States of Iowa and Nebraska, and the Territories of Dtaji and "Wyoming ; headquarters at Omaha, Nebraska. 7. Department of Dakota. — The State of Minnesota, and the Territories of Dakota and Mon- tana ; headquarters at St. Paul, Minnesota. 8. Department of California.— The State of Nevada, the post of Fort Hall, Idaho Territory, and so much of the State of California as lies north of a line from the north-west corner of Arizona Territory to Point Conception, California; headquarters at San Francisco, California. !». Department of the Columbia.— The State of Oregon, and the Territories of "Washington, Idaho, excepting Fort Hall, and Alaska ; headquarters at Portland, Oregon. 10. Department of Arizona. -The Territory of Arizona, and so much of the State of California as lies south of a line from the north-west corner of Arizona Territory to Point Concep- tion, California; headquarters at Prescott, Arizona Territory. 11. Department of the Sozith. — The States of North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, (except the Gulf posts from Pensacola Harbor to Fort Jefferson and Key "West, inclusive), Alabama, including the posts in Mobile Bay, Tennessee and Kentucky ; lieadquarters at Louisville, Kentucky. 12. Department of Texas. — The State of Texas and the Indian Territory, excepting Camp Sup- ply ; headquarters at San Antonio, Texas. 13. Department of the Oulf. — The States of Louisiana, Arkansas and Mississippi, and the Gulf posts as far eastward as, and embracing, Fort Jeflferson and Key West, Florida, exclud- ing the ports in Mobile Bay ; headquarters at New Orleans. Louisiana. NAYT DEPARTMENT Has charge ©f the Naval Establisliineut aud all business connected therewith, issues Naval Commissions, instructions and orders, supervises the enlistment and discharge of seamen, the Marine Corps, the construc- tion of Navy Yards and Docks, the construction and equipment of Vessels, the purchase of pro-visions, stores, clothmg and ordnance, the cenduct of •urveys- and hydrographical operations. Department Officer. ft«H«ias7 of tshe Navy : George M. RebesoB, of N«w Jews^. Chief Clerk : John W. Hog^, of Dist. of Columbia. Officers of tJie Navy. NAMB AND RA«K. AdmirtUt. D»Tid D. Porter Yiee-Admiral. Stephen C. Rowan... Rear Admirait. Active IA»t. Charles H. Davia John Rortgere Angaatu« L. Ciue. . . . STATE FKOM. Poina. Ohio. Mms.. D. C.-. N. T. "fleed Werden | Ohio.. ENTUY INTO SERVICE. Feb. 2,1829 Feb. 1, 1826 Aug. 12, 1823 Apl. 18, 1828 ApL 1,1828 I Jan. 9, 1834 NAME AND RANK. Rear AdmiraU. Active Liat. Alex. M. Pennook. John L. Worden... John J. Almy James H. Strong . . William Reynolds. William E. LeRoy. J. R. M. Mullany.- C. R. P. Rodgere.. Napoleon CoUinB .- S. D.Trenchard... STATE FROM. Tenn.. N. Y.. R. I. -. N. Y-. Penna. K. Y.. N.J... Conn.. Ind is.!.. ENTRY INTf SSBVICK ApL 1, 182fc Jan. M, 1834 Feb. 2, 1829 Feb. 2, 1829 Nov. 17, 1831 Jan. 11, 1832 Jaik --T, 1832 Oct. 5, 1833 Jan. 12, IB34 Oct. 23, 1874 THE GENERAL GOVERNMENT Officers of the Navy — (Contiifued.) NAME AND RANK. Oommodores. Active List. Alexander Murray. Edward D nialdsori. George H. Preble. . . Tlios. H. Patterson. John C. Ilovrell Daiiiel Ammeu Edward T. Nichols. Robert n. "Wynian. Georj^eB. Baich.... Thomas H. Stevens Foxhall A. Parker.. John Guest JohnM. B. Glitz. .. STATE FKOM Penna. Md. ... ENTRY INTO SERVICE. Aug. 22, 1835 July 21, 1835 La April 5, 18;!6 Penna ! June 9, 18:36 Ohio. ' " July 7, 1; 36 ..iGa |Dec. 14, 1836 Mar. 11, 1837 N. H. Ala jDec. 30, l-:'7 Conn. Va.... Ark.. Mich. Dec. 14, 1.-36 Mar. 11, 1837 Dec. 16, 1837 Aprl 12, 1837 NAME AND RANK. OoTnmodores. Active List. Andrew Bryson D. McN., f^airfax.. James H. Spott»... J. W. A KichoUon A. G. Clary S. H. Cooper J. C. Beaiunont C. H. B. Caldwell.. T. C Febiirer Pierce Crosby J. B. Creighton — A. K. Hughes STATE FROM. N. T... N. C... Ky N. Y.-. Mms. . . N. T... Mass. . Ohio. . Penna. N.Y.. ENTET INTO SERVICE. Dec. Aug. Aug. Feb. May Aug. 1, 1837 12, 1837 2, 1837 10, 1838 8, 1832 4, 1837 Feb. 27, 1838 Sept. 4, 1838 June 5, 1838 Feb. 10, 1838 DEPAKTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Has charge of the survey, management, sales and grants of Public Lands, the examinations of Pension and Bo'onty Lund claims, the management of Lidian affairs, the examination of Liventions and award of Patents, the collection of Statistics, the distj-ibiHion of Seeds, Plants, etc., the taking of Censuses, the management of Government mines, the erection of Public Buildings, and the construction of wagon roads to the Pacific. Department Officers. Secretary of the Interior, Zachariah Chandler, of Michigan. Assistant Secretary, Charles F. Gorham. POST OFFICE DEP-i^RTMENT Has charge of the Postal System, the establishment and discon- tinuance of Post Offices, appointment of Postmasters, the contracts for carrying the mails, the Dead Letter Office, maincains an inspec- tion to prevent frauds, mail depredations, etc. Department Officers. Postmaster-General, James M. Tyner, of Lidiana. A- pointment Office, Ist Asst. P. M. General, J. W. ^larshall, N. J. Contract Office, 2d Anst. P. M. General, Thomas J. Brady. Finance Office, 3d Asst. P. M. General, E. W. Barber, Wisconsin. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE. The Attorney-General, who is the head of this department, is the legal adviser of the President and heads of departments, examines titles, applications for pardons, and judicial and legal appointments, conducts and argues suits in which Government is concerned, etc. Department Officers. Attorney-General, Alphonso Taft, of Ohio. Assistant Attorney-General, Edwin B. Smith, do do Thomas Simons. Solicitor General, Samuel F. PhilUps. Asst. Att'y Gen'! for Department of Interior, Augustine S. Gaylord. 2 10 THE GESER.iL GOVERNMENT. THE JUDICIARY. Supreme Court, of the United States. APPOINTED AGES. SALAltY. 1874. Morrisou R. Waite, of Ohio— Chief Justice. $10,5(U' 1872. Ward Hunt, of New York, Asso. Jus. 62 10,0on 1858. ^- Nathan Cliftbrd, Portland. Maine, do 67 10,01:0 1862. r'Noah H. Swayne, Lolumbus, Ohio, do Gl 10,00 ^ 1862. ^^ David Davis. Bloomington, Illinois, do 56 lO.OCO 1862.,- Samuel F. Miller, Keokuk, Iowa, do 55 10,000 1863. ^-Stephen J. Field, California, do 54 lOOCO 1870. Joseph P. Bradley, New Jersey, do 58 lO.OoO 1870. William Strong, Pennsylvania, do 62 T0,,(M)0 The court holds one general term, annually, at Washing! oii, 1). C, commencing on the first Monday in December. D. Wesley Middleton, of Washington, Clerk. William T. Otto, of Washington, D. C., Reporter. John G. Nicolay, Marshal. Circuit Judges of the United States. First Circuit. — (Maine, New Hampshire, Mossachusetts and Pihodt^ Island) — Nathan Clifford, of Portland, Maine. Second Circuit. — (Vermont, Connecticr.t, Northern New York, Soutb- ern New York, and Eastern NeAv York) — Ward Hunt, of Utica, New York. Third Circuit. — (New Jersey, Eastern Pennsylvania, AVestern Penn- sylvania, and Delaware) — William Strong, of Pennsylvania. Fourth Circuit. — (Maryland, W^st Yivginia, Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina) — Chief Ju.'-iico. Fifth Circuit. — (Georgia, Floridr., A]:ib:ni:u, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas) — Joseph P. Bradley, of Nevv Jersey. Sixth Circuit. — (Ohio, Michigan, Kentucky and Tennessee) — Noah H. Swayne, of Ohio. Seventh Circuit. — (Indiana, Illinois and Wisconsin) — David Davis, of Illinois. Eighth Circuit. — (Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, Arkansas and Nebraska) — Samuel F. Miller, of Keokuk, Iowa. Ninth Circuit. — (California, Oregon and Nevada) — Stephen J. Field, of San Francisco. District Courts — Judges. (States.) Alabarae, N.D., WiUiam B. Vv'oods; M. D. and S. D., John Bruce. Arkansas, E. D., J. F. Dillon; W. D., J. C Parker. California, I <>- renzo Sawyer. Connecticut, A. S. Johnson. Daleware, W. McKcr. nan. District of Columbia, David K. Cartter. Florida, N. D.. William B. Woods; S. D., James W. Locke. Georgia, N.D., Wil- liam B. Woods; S. D., John Erskine. Ilhnois, N. D., Thomas Drum- mond; S. D., Samuel H. Treat, Jr. Indiana, Thomas Drummond. Iowa, John F. Dillon. Kansas, John F. Dillon. Kentucky, Halmer H. Emmons. Lousiana, William B. Woods. Maine, George F. Shepley. Maryland, Hugh L. Bond. Massachusetts, George. F. TMH GENERAL OOYERNMENT. U Shepley. Michigan, E. D., HalmerH. Emmons; W. D., Solomon L. Withey. Minnesota, John F. Dillon. MississipiDi,N. D., William B. Woods; S. D., Robert A. HiU. Missouri, E. D., John F. Dillon; W. D., Arnold Krekel. Nebraska, John F. Dillon. New Hampshire, Greorge F. Shepley. New Jersey, Wm. McKennan. Nevada, Lorenzo Sawyer. New York, N. D., A. S. Johnson; S.D., Samuel Blatchford; E. D., Charles L. Benedict. North Corolina, E. D., Hugh L. Bond; W. D., Robert P. Dick. Ohio, N. D., Halmer H. Emmons; S. D., Fliilip B. Swing. Oregon, Lorenzo Sawyer. Pennsylvania, E. D., William McKennan; W. D., Wilson McCandless. Rhode Island, (J-dorge E. Slie])ley. South Carolina, Hugh L. Bond. Tennessee, E. D., Halmer H. Emmons ; M. D. and W. D., Connally F. Trigg. Texas, E. D., William B. Woods; W. D., Thomas H. Duval. Vermont, L. D. Woodruff. Virginia, E. D., Hugh L. Bond; W. D., Alexander Rives. West Virginia, Hugh L. Bond. Wisconsin, E. D., Thomas Drummond; W. D., James C. Hopkins. District Courts — Judges. (Territories.) Arizona, C. E. Y. French. Colorado, Moses Hallett. Dakota, Peter C. Shannon. Idaho, M. C. Hollister. Montana, Decius S. Wade. New Mexico, T. B. Catrou. Utah, A. White. Washington, J. K. Lewis. Wyoming, J. W. Fisher. Court of Claims. C. D. Drake, Missouri, Chief Justice Salary, $4,500 Edward G. Loring, Jud^e, Massachusetts, " 4,500 Ebenezer Peck, Illinois .' « 4,500 Charles C. Nott, New York " 4,500 Wlliam A. Richai-dson " 4,500 Archibald Hopkins, Clerk " 3,000 John Randolph, Ass't Clerk « 2,000 DEPAETMENT OF AGEICULTURE. Commissioner of Agriculture, Frederick Watts, of Pennsylvania. Chief Clerk, Frederick Watts, Jr., of Pennsylvania. Statistical Clerk, J. R. Dodge, of Ohio. Entomologist, Townsend Glover, of Maryland. Chemist, William McMurtrie, of New Jersey. Superintendent of Botanical Gardens, Wm. Saunders, of Pa. Superintendent of Seed Room, A. Glass, of Dist. of Columbia. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OEFICE. Congressional Printer, Almon M. Clapp, of New York. Chief Clerk, Harry H. Clapp, of New York. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION. Commissioner of Education, General J. Eaton, Jr., of Tennessee. Chief Clerk, Charles Warren. Translator, Herman Jacobson. 12 XSIl GENERAL GOVERNMENT THE LBGISLATIYE FRAIS^CH OF THE GOYERNAtENT. The National Legislature consists of a Senate of two ni^mbers froiii each State, making the full Senate now consist of seventy-fo\ir uiembers, and a House of Eepresentatives, now having two hundred and f(n'ty-five liienioers. The Senators are chosen by the Legislatures of their several States, for a term of six years, either by concurrent vote or by joint ballot, as the State may prescribe. The members of the House of ll»'pjcsonta- tives are usually elected by a plurality vote in districts of each k^tate, whose bounds are prescribed by the Legislature, for the term of i wo years. In a few instances they have been elected at large : i. e., by the plurality vote of the entire State. The Constitution requires nine years' citizenship to qualify for admis- sion to the Senate, and seven years to the House of Representatives- An act approved July 26, 1866, requires the Legislature of each State which shall be chosen next preceding the expiration of any Senatorial temn, on the second Tuesday after its first meeting, to elect a successor, each House nommatmg viva voce, and then conveui?ig in Joint Assemblv to compare nominations. In case of agreement, such person shall })e declared duly elected; and if they do not agree, then baUotijig \r. coiiviMiie from day to day at 12 M. during the session until choice has beeai made, Yacancies are to be filled in like manner. The members oi oacji House receive a salary of $7,500 per annum, and their actual trav eling expenses ; the Speaker of the House of Representatives re eeives $10,000 ; Cabinet Officers receive $10,000 ; Assistant Secret i- lies of the State, Treasury, and Interior Departments. $6,000 eiub ; Coniruissioners of the Customs, Agriculture, and of the Land Office, $4,000 each. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS. The House of Representatives of the United States is composed of members elected by Districts. The number apportioned to the States has varied at each decennial census, as shown by the following Table : Census. When Apportioned. Whole No. Eep. Ratio, Cue t(/ By Constitution 65 1790...... April 14, 1793 105 33,00a IWOO Jan. 14, 1802 141 23,000 ISIO Dec.21, 1811 181 35,000 1820 March 7, 1822 212 40,000 1?30 May22, 1832 240 46,700 lH4fl Jane25, 1842 223 70,680 1 .'0 July 30, 1852 233 93,42: I860 April— f 1861 v 242 127,000 lc70 ... . liSfZ :i3l i-v...'. VALUATION OF PEOF££IY IN IHEJUfllED HIATUS IN 1S70. g O p CO -e w CO O M ^ §SgS52iililiSiisgSi33§i3giiS3^is3|§|g 10, CO MH_'M__o3 c?5 M GO lO '* 'XS >5 cof-rM''co't>rtdo*"icr'^'" IS) irHlTOCOmCO'-t'-H'^O g'oh-TccToo'wtCco'co" 1 M --< :* -f -o 00' f-r-M-^'iM-art^io CTiOOOO>Q-HiSii5-34' ^ I— ib-c^;^»ooii>-MOir3 gg <23 : : S .2 : 5 a : CO I — 'Mn'C<»0'«t-.XO>C>'^ --""--ssi-ss^^f^T^isMlKli^iW ?^ka(Ar»aoo>c M 1 M J 14 THU GENERAL GOVEliNMENT Presidents tmder the Federal Constitution. Names. 18 Inausjurated. Born. Age at Inaugu- ration. G-eorn 9 Miiiinsota 3 .Missis;»ij)pi 6 Missomi.' 13 Nebraska ] Nevada 1 New Hampshire . . 3 New Jersey 7 New York' 33 North Carolina 8 Ohio • 20 Oregon 1 Pennsylvania 27 Khode Island 2 South Carolina. ... 5 Tenne.ssee 10 Texas . 6 Viiginia 9 Vermont 3 "West Virginia 3 Wisconsin 8 Total .292 The ratio of apportionment is about 142,000 inhabitants for a Member of Congress, though allowance is "-^de for fractions in excess of one-half. 16 THE PVBLIO DEBT. PUBLIC DEBT OF THE UNITED STATES. OCTOBER 1, 1876. Debt bearing Interest in Ooin. Bondsat G per cent l|984,999,650 00 Bonds at 5 per cent 712,320,450 00 Principal $1,697,320,100 00 I°*«^««* 26,812,436 41 Debt bearing Interest in Lawful Money. Navy Pension Fund at 3 per cent 14 000 000 00 i^^^J'est 'los'ooo 00 Debt on ivhich Interest has ceased since Maturity. P^^^^M $2,738,530 26 I"*e^«8* 187,086 12 Debt bearing no Interest. Old Demand and Legal-Tender Notes $368, 561 472 50 Cert ificates of Deposit 34 520 qoq 00 Fractional Currency 29,858,415 62 Coin Certilicates 27 777 9c0 (,tO ^""^iP'il $462,717,788 Vz Unclaimed Interest . ..... 21704 84 Total Debt. Principal $2,176,776,418 38 I^t^^^est 27,126,227 37 'To*^^ $2,203,902,645 75 Cash in Treasury. Coin 64,591,124 43 Currency , 12,524,945 53 Special Deposit held for Eedemption of Certificates of Deposit, provided by Law 34,520,000 00 Total.... 111,636,069 96 Debt less Cash in the Treasury, December 1, 1875 $2,117,917,132 57 Debt less Cash in Treasury, Oct. 1, 1876 2,092,266,575 79 Decrease of Debt during the month 2,915,365 35 Decrease of Debt from March 1, 1869 to March 1, 1876 424,547,672 75 Bonds issued to Pacific Raihoay Companies, Irderest pay- able in Lawful Money. Principal outstanding $64,6 J3,512 00 Interest accrued and not yet paid 969,352 68 Interest paid by the United States 32,080,218 42 Interest repaid by Transportation of Mails, etc 6,950, .393 84 Balance of Interest paid by the United States 25,129,824 58 THE PUBLIC DEBT. 17 Eeduction of the National Debt of the United States from March 1, 1869 to March 1, 1876. 1869. Mar. 1 June 1 Sept. 1 Dec. 1 1870. Mar. 1. Junel. Sept. 1 Dec. 1 1871. Mar. 1 June 1 Sept. 1 Dtc. 1 1872. Mar 1 .1 line 1 Sept 1 Dec. 1 1873. Mar. 1 June 1 Sept. 1 Dec. 1 1874. Mar. 1 June 1 Sept. 1 Dec. 1 1875. Mar. 1 June 1 1376. Mar. 1 Debt of the Decrease of United States ^ 20, lUMJ LABOR qVEHTlON. \ - NORTH AND SOUTH STATFOEDSHIEE. Wages ]Xikl in forges and mills in 1872. Puddling pig-iron , 6 heats, ordinary quality 12s. Cd. per ton of 2,640 pounds. Puddling pig-iron, 5 heats, best quality 12s. 6d, per ton of 2,640 pounds. Puddling pig-irou, 5 heats, extra i est Is. per ton extra. 1 to 2 cwt. of scrap-iron, per turn, allowed at full rate lor puddling. 1 to 2 cwt. for doubled-iron, two or more balls hammered together. Is. per ton. Shillings. Pence. 1 to 2 cwt. castings 14 6 per ton. Hammering, steam-hammer 1 4 per ton. Hammering, steam for doubling 1 10 per ton. iSqueezers 1 per ton. Forge-roll'ng 1 4 per ton. Stocktaking-mills for plates 1 2 per ton. Stocktaking mills for bars 1 8 per ton. Miscellaneous labor in forges, iron to forge, coal, including ash- wheeling, miil-wrighting, smithing, &c 7 6 per ton. In plate-mill: Rolling and heating ordinary plates 9 4 per ton. Rolling and heating faggoted plates 14 6 per ton. I^heated 14 6 per ton. Exlr.i large and up to 5 feet wide 18 3 per ton Sliearing and speilling, ttc 7 6 per ton. Miscellaneous labor in mills 5 per ton. SOUTH WALES. • I Wages paid in iron-mills. Per ton. Merchant-mill, ordinary sizes, heating, rolling 6s. 4d. Under 2^ pounds per foot 7.s\ M. Large rounds, squares, angles , and T-iron 9s. 4d' - Small angles and T-iron 78. M. Reheating 3s. Ad. Seven-sixteenths and f rounds and squares, flats under 1 and \- lis. 4d Miscellaneous labor in mill 5s. Od. Per day. Ordinary labor is from 4s. td 5s. Engineers' wages 5s. Q,d. to 6s. 6d Machinists 6s. to 7s. 6c?. Mill-wrights , 5s. 6d to 6s. 6d. Coal-wheelers and ash-wheelers, - . ., 5s. to 6s. Forge and mill stocktakers 4s. 6d. to 5j?. fid- Puddlers' imderhantls . . ... ,. , 4s. to 5s. 6fZ. Hannnermen's assistants 8s. to 9s. Rollers' assistants 8s. to lis. Boys from 11 to 14 years of age Is. 8d to 3s. 4d Wages range in South Wales from 15 per cent, to 20 per cent, less than other parts. Men in South Wales earn, however, about as much ;is in England. They have more steady work, get rent cheaper, pay- ing about Is. per week for rooms which in England cost about 4.5-. ; get coal for a trifle, say 3s., while no allowance is made in England. TEE LABOR QUESTION. 27 MECHANICAL AND FARM LABOR IN ENGLAND. Statemerd showing the rates For workwomen Durham. ;1 30 per day 1 44 per day 1 33 per day 1 32 per day 1 10 per day 1 46 per day 1 36 per day 1 3-2 per day 1 4i per day HO per day 1 44 per day 1 20 per day 1 20 per day 1 32 per day 84 i)i'r day 64 per day 64 piT day 40 per day 70 per day 4 86 ])er day 3 40 per da\- 2 40 pir dfiy Middlesex. J I 20 to $1 66 per day 1 44 to 1 92 per day 1 44 to 1 92 per day 1 44 to 1 68 per day 1 68 to 1 92 per day • renerally by the job.. 1 68 to ' 1 92 per day 1 44 to 1 68 per day 1 44 to 1 68 per day 1 44 to 1 92 per day 1 20to 1 68 per day 1 44 to 1 92 per day 1 44 to 1 92 per day 1 44 to 1 92 per day 2 40 to 3 84 per wk. 2 40 to 2 88 per " 1 92 to 2 88 per " 1 92 to 2 40 per " 32 per day iOOOt') 100.00 per year Nottingham. pO 15 piT hour. 16 i)er hour. 14 per hour. 15 per hou.-. 17 per hour. 1 21 per day. 1 45 per day. 14 per hour. 17 per hour. 1 09 per day. 16 per hour. 1 21 per day. 1 33 per day. 1 21 per day. 14 per hour. 4.84 to 5. ."6 per wk. 4 84 to 5.56 per wk. 4.35 per week. 4.11 per week. 84 per day. 38.72 to 48.40 pr.yr. 2.90 to 3.39 per wk. 1.45 to 1.94 pi^r wk. ' Working iive days only, and for the sixth day, 72 cents. In Saint Helens, Lancaster, ordinary farm-laborers leceive 84 cents per day. EATES OF WAGES IN LIVEEPOOL. Mechanics and skilled artisans, in October, 1873. — The wages of en- gineers, boiler-makers, shipwrights, ma,st acd block makers, printers and lithographers, and of some of the men in the building trades, as painters, joiners, masons, plumbers, &c., vary from 5s. 6d to &s. ($1.33 to $1.45) per day of nine working hours, or from 33s. to 36s. ($7.98 to $8.70) per week of fifty-four hours. The wages of pressmen in oil-mills, of the higher class of work- men in chemical works, sugar refineries, &c., vary from 27s. 6d. to 32s. 6d. ($6.25 to $7.86) per week, the hours varying from ten to twelve per day. The wages of day laborers in Liverpool vary from 21s. to 25s. ($5.08 to $6.05) per week. In some of the smaller towns they range from 18s. to 22s. 6d., ($4.35 to $5.44.) Domestic Servants. — The wages of housemaids and waitresses vary from £10 to £20 ($48.40 to $96.80) per annum, (of course board found ;) of cooks from £12 up to £40, ($58.08 to $193.60 ;) of gar- deners, £1 to £1 lO.s. ($4.84 to $7.26) per week, living out qf the house at their own cost. Footmen and coachmen's wages vary too much to give any fixed rates. 28 THE LABOR QUESTION. WAGES IN engineer's SHOPS, IRON WORKS, ETC. The following statement, showing the rates of wages paid by the general association of master engineers, ship-builders, and iron and brass founders, was kindly furnished by Colonel Clay, of Clay, In- man & Co., proprietors of the Birkenhead Forge, under the date of October 29, 1873 : Statement showing the weekly rates of wages paid to workmen in different classes of work in the district of Liverpool during the second quarter of the year 1873. Class of work. Smiths Strikers Angle-iron smiths Strikers Platers Helpers Riveters Holders-up Turners Coppersmiths Brass-finishers Fitters and erectors Millwrights Planers Shapers Blotters Drillers Iron-molders. . . \ |^°^- - - - • Brass-molders Core-makers Pattern-makers Carpenters and joiners Grinders Engine drivers and tenters.. Calkers , Foundry -dressers Fonndry-lahorers Ordinary laborers Employers. Average wages of skilled workmen in all the shops $8 32 5 42 8 94 5 .i2 8 32 4 64 7 74 7 74 7 98 No. 9. 18 32 5 50 9 19 7 86 6 77 6 77 6 77 5 94 8 47 7 98 7 56 6 05 6 11 4 84 4 59 7 50 6 29 8 32 7 74 7 62 7 50 6 77 7 26 6 05 8 71 9 68 10 16 7 50 8 32 8 32 8 47 5 32 No. 11. $8 46 5 OS 8 46 7 74 6 29 8 24 7 62 7 62 7 74 7 50 No. 12. |7 82 5 18 8 53 8 50 6 29 5 32 4 35 6 77 5 80 8 71 9 43 8 83 7 01 8 22 7 50 7 50 5 08 6 29 5 32 4 59 7 50 6 07 8 12 8 11 7 8(i 7 80 7 74 6 53 6 33 6 05 5 92 8 71 9 43 8 01 7 32 8 10 7 32 7 08 5 56 Aver- age. 6 29 4 69 4 69 $8 23 5 30 8 70 5 32 8 43 4 64 7 62 6 60 8 16 8 11 7 74 7 72 7 74 7 08 6 61 6 71 5 !!2 8 71 9 51 9 00 7 28 8 28 7 78 7 65 5 50 6 11 6 29 5 04 4 55 7 70 Wages paid in a large manufactory at Huddersfield, England, doing iusiness vifh the United States. Occupation. Wool-sorters... Dyers Overlookers Teasers Feeders Engineers Spinners Warpers Beamers Sizers Timers Weavers > Sex. Men do do do Boys and girls, Men do Women & girls Men do do do Women U. S. gold. $5 80 4 84 19 68 to 14 52 4 36 2 18 8 47 7 26 2 18 2 18 to 2 90 4 84 to 19 36 4 84 to 19 36 5 80 to 9 68 3 63 to 4 84 Occupation. Menders Knotters liurlers Scourers Fullersorm'l's Tcnterers Finishers ? Pressers W'rehousemen Engine-tenters Firemen Sex. Women Girls Women &. girls Men do do do : Boys Men do do do U. S. gold. $4 36 to 6 29 2 18 to 2 90 2 18 2 06 7 26 6 29 to 7 26 4 84 to 5 80 1 94 to 3 88 4 84 to 5 80 4 84 to 7 26 5 80 to 9 68 5 39 THE LABOR QVESTIOV. 29 Bates of wages paid for mechanical and farm labor in the year 1874. (Hours of labor vary from 50 to 52}2 per week.) Occupation. MECHANICS. Blacksmiths Bricklayers and masons Cabinet-makers Carpenters ; Coopers Miners Machinists Painters Shoemakers Stone-cutters Tailors Per week. $4 80 to $6 00 7 68 4 80 to 7 20 6 48 7 20 8 64 4 80 14 8 40 7 20 9 12 6 72 to -11 to 7 20 to 7 20 to Occupation. Mechanics— Continued. Tanners Tinsmiths "Wheelwrights FARM-LABORERS. Experienced hands Ordinary hands Common laborers at other than farm-work Female servants Per week. $6 20 to es 76 1 20 6 72 136 to »1 20 72 160 to t72 to 96 1 32 *Perhonr. f Per day. Table showing the mean wages of mechanics and other laborers of Sheffield, England, per week, in United States gold. Class of labor. Mechanics : Blacksmiths' Carpenters Masons Painters Plasterers Shoemakers Boiler-makers Wheel and mill wrights Carters Clerks in railway-offices Slaters, Id. per hour, 53 hours per week Slaters' assistant, 5d. per hour, 53 hours per week Table-cutlery : Table-blade forgers Table-blade grinders Table-blade hafters Table-forks, steel : Forgers Grinders Filers, boys and girls Pocket-cutlery : Pocket-blade forgers Grinders Hafters Saws: Saw-makers Saw-grinders Handlers Rubbers, women Scissors : Forgers Grinders Filers Putting together Burnishers, women Edge-tools : Forgers Strikers Hardeners Grinders Engineers' tools: Forgers Wages. $6 53 7 26 7 74 6 53 7 02 5 32 6 53 7 74 5 08 6 05 7 26 7 19 6 69 5 34 6 29 7 87 2 05 6 69 7 26 6 05 7 02 8 47 6 78 2 18 6 05 8 83 6 41 6 41 1 94 10 16 7 74 6 78 10 29 7 87 Class of labor. Engineers' tools — Continued. Grinders Filers Sheep-shears : Forgers Strikers. Grinders Hammer-makers : Forgers'. Strikers Razors : Forgers Grinders Hafters Girls, assisting, putting up, &c Silver-plated ware : Silversmiths Chasers Engravers C Women ) Girls, 12 to 16 yrs fW^omen Girls, 12 to 16 yrs White-metal ware : Spinners Putting together Casters and stampers B„flers...^«^*'°;-; ) VV omen Women-casters Girls, buffers and cleaners... Women in warehouse Burnishers, women Files; Forgers Strikers Grinders Cutters Steel : Melter BuUer-out Cokers Pot-maker Convirting-furiiacp men..... . Burnishers. Buffers $7 62 6 53 9 68 6 78 9 80 9 68 7 26 7 26 9 44 6 78 1 63 7 87 7 87 9 68 3 03 1 82 3 39 1 82 8 83 7 02 7 50 6 41 2 90 2 42 1 45 2 54 2 90 13 31 9 68 12 71 7 26 12 10 7 02 4 86 9 68 4 83 THE LABOR QUEHIION. BOOT AND SHOE TRADE. At a conference of the Leeds boot and shoe manufacturers and their workmen, held April 26, 1872, the following rates of wages were agreed upon, the scale of prices to be clear of all rivets, sprigs, &c. Wages in the hoot and shoe trade at Leeds. Class of work. men's light woek. Best kid, calf and seal levant Kip and gnus levant '_\\\ Split or neshers /' Common lace-kip, brown bottom ] Common lace-flesh boot, plain blown bottom Men's 8liooting-bo(/ts, wide welt Cricket boots and shoes \\ Twos to fives: Best kid, calf, and seal levant Kip, split, gnu.s, and grained levant ! ! Common lace kip and tlesh boot, jjlam brown bottom. Elevens to ones; Best kid, calf, audsual levant Kip, split, gnus, and grained levant Common lace kip and flesh boot, plain brown bottoml Sevens to tens : ■ Best kid, calf, and seal levant Kip, split, gnus, and grained levant Common lace kip and flesh boot, jdain brown bottom. jien's strong work. Stabbed heels and mock clinkeis Forge-boots Sparables and hobs " Twos to fives, sparables and hobs Elevens to ones, sparables and hobs Sevens to tens, sparables and hobs EXTRAS ON men's WORK. Patents Fiddle- waist \'\ Machine-sewn ..i».«.« , Bevel edge JfeT^S. Eed welt .".'.'. . .'. ::^-C.-...'. .].'.'..] Best inside-bevel clump .^H^rm^m-------- ■ - Best outside-bevel clump ?"'"" Seconds and thirds inside-bovel clump '-".".'.".".'' '.'. . Seconds and thirds outside-bevel clump .".'.".". Ists, 2d8 andSds sq. clump. [All clumps to be jumped in the waistj . One row of rivets or sprigs extra* Screwed toe and joint in clumps Three rows of rivets or sprigs in middle Common laced kip and fle.sh boot, black waist Nailed boot, with black waist Wellingtons " ." . . . Twos to fives : Patents Machine-sewn _ _ Fiddle- waist Bevel edge Red welt Best and common inside-ljevel clnmp, Outside-bevel clumps Firsts, seconds and thirds square clumps Screwed too and joint in clumps One row of rivets or spr:gs extra* Three rows of rivets or sprigs in middle Common laco kip and flesh boot, with black waist Nailed boot, with black waist Elevens to ones and sevens to tens : Patent Fiddle-waist Machine-sewn Best and common bevel clumps One row of rivets or sprigs extra* Three rows of rivets or sprigs in middle Common lace kip and flesh boot, with tdack waist Nailed boot, with black waist , , Per dozen. $2 18 1 94 1 82 1 82 1 70 3 16 3 28 1 58 1 46 1 33 1 46 1 33 1 21 1 08 96 84 3 08 2 66 2 42 1 82 1 58 1 21 24 24 n g $2 66 2 42 2 30 1 94 1 82 3 87 3 40 1 82 1 70 1 4li 1 58 1 46 1 21 1 33 1 -ii ; 1 08 84 !)« No extra for fixushing one extra row on common brown bottoms. THE LABOR QUESTION. Wages in the boot and shoe trade at Leeds— Continued. 31 Class of work. men's slifpeb wokk. Common pumps, white bottoms Common pumps, brown bottoms.. .! Boys' twos to fives common pumps, white bottoms ' Boys twos to fives common pumps, brown bottoms women's wokk. I' ^?5*o^^ ^""^ ^?'^^ ley't. either plain, fancy, blck'd, turned in or not ^" ^ H '^^dsnue levant, either plain or blocks, not tmned in. . . . 3. Xid, sand-boots, and block-grained.... 3. Calf and grained bals 4. Calf, iron rivets or sprigs Ele^vens tois!"'^' "'"^ ^i^'t««"'"«P"'g3.' flatheeisCnothigherthan ?4" in)| 2 ^Ta ^'!,'"'i'^ seal lev't either pl'n. fey, blk'd. turned in or not. 2. Kid, gnus, levaut, sand-boots, and calf Sevens to™M°s" ''^^*' ^°^ ■^^'^**^' ^'^^ ^®®'^' *^°° "'^®*^ ^^'^ '^P"g^ ' ' " " ' I' tI?;1* ^^ ^".'^ seal I'vt, either pl'n fey, blk'd, turned in or not. 2. Kid, gnus, levant, eand-boots and calf Fours to"S™e^° calf and sheep, fiat heels, iron rivets and sprigs .".";.".': 1. Best kid and levant 2. Calf and common EXTRAS ON women's WORK. Firsts, seconds and- thirds outside-bevel clump * irsts, seconds and thirds inside-bevel clump * irsts, seconds and thirds square clump . Firsts and seconds machine-sewn Thirds machine-sewn Wurtemburg heel Fiddle- waist Channels White foreparts Black waist and brown foreparts Brown waist and black foreparts All patent One row of rivets or sprigs extra* . . One row of sprigs or rivets round forepart and tliree in middie" Womf>n'8 high-legged boots, 7 inches.:.... . Elevens to ones and sevens to tens : Machine-sewn, elevens to ones Machine-sewn, sevens to tens... Fiddle- waist White foreparts ". . . . '. ___[ Black waist and brown forepart. Brown waist and black forepart Channels Firsts and seconds bevel clump. ........' '. One row of rivets or sprigs extra* One row of rivets or sprigs round the forepart and 3 up middle" i< ours to sixes : Machine-sewn Fiddle-waist '.".'.'.'.['.. ....... '.'. WTiite foreparts '.V....... Black waist and brown foreparts Brown waist and black foreparts. Girls' high-legged boots, all sizes Copper tips, all sizes , women's slipper work. Pumps, white and black bottoms Pumps, brown bottoms '....... .. Women's cashmere pumps, with top-piece or spring-heeis! Per dozen. 81 27 1 15 96 96 84 e4 84 72 66 fl 45 1 3a 1 21 1 09 1 09 96 1 09 96 84 96 84 72 7-3 66 ■2 72 24 24 12 48 24 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 24 12 6 12 12 6 6 6 36 6 6 12 12 6 6 12 $1 21 1 09 96 84 84 72 90 78 66 78 66 54 60 54 * No extra for finishing one extra row on common brown bottoms. 82 ins LABOR QUESTION, Average rates of weekly wages paid to tvorkmen in engineering and ship-iuilding trad*, in Glasgow. Pattern-makers Turners Planers Drillers Fiuishers Fitters Smiths Hammermen... Platers Riveters Calkers Joiners Sawyers $6 62 6 40 6 13 4 74 6 11 6 27 6 64 4 54 7 70 6 96 6 96 6 40 5 52 Carpenters Smiths' finishers Painters Ship riveters and calkers Ship-smiths Holders-on Average of all classes ■Unskilled labor Common labor oatside of works $6 94 5 97 5 30 6 42 6 20 3 90 6 11 3 63 6 05 3 38 3 87 Statement showing the rates of wages paid for mechanical and other labor in Ireland in the year 1873. Occupation. MECHANICS. Blacksmiths Bricklayers, masons. Cabinet-makers Carpenters Coopers Machinists Painters Plasterers ■ Shoemakers Stone-cutters Tailors Tanners 1 Tinsmiths Wheelwrights "Waterford. FARM LABOKERS. Experienced hands : In summer In winter Ordinary hands : In summer In winter Common laborers, at other than farm w'k Female servants MISCELLANEOUS. Seamen Laborers or unskilled workmen, 1874 App'nticesorboys, '74 Foremen or overseers, 1874 |8 40 per week 6 72 per week 7 20 per week 6 24 per -week 5 76 per week 7 50 to $9 60 per week 6 00 per week 6 72 per week 6 00 per week 6 72 to $7 20 per week 6 00 per week 7 20 per week 6 24 to $6 72 per week 72 per day. 60 per day. 60 per day. 48 per day. 48 per day 60 00 per annum. 12 40 to $15 per month. Cork. |5 84 per week. 6 33 per week. 5 84 per week 1 46 per day 7 30 per week 5 84 per week 6 33 per week 1 46 per day 1 -ill per day 6 09 to $7 30 per week 8 52 per week. 3 41 per week. 2 43 per week. 2 92 per week. 1 95 per week. 2 92 per week. 1 46 per week. 9 73 per week. Londonderry. $0 84 to 84 to 96 to 72 to 72 to 1 20 to 1 08 to 96 to 5 76 to 96 to 5 88 to 4 32 to 3 60 to 4 32 to $1 32 per day 1 32 per day. 1 04 per day. 1 32 per day. 1 08 per day. 1 80 per day. 1 56 per day. 1 44 per day. 6 24 per week 1 44 per day. 6 .36 per week 5 76 per week 4 80 per week 5 76 per week 36 to 40 per day. 36 to 40 per day. 32 to 36 per day. 32 to 36 per day. 36 to 72 per day. 40 00 to 60 00 per an'm THB LABOR QJJESTIOJf. Priee$ o/provmom, groeeries, and other leading articles of consumption, jo. 33 Article*. Leeds. PKO VISIONS. Plour: Wheat, super.. bbl Wheat, ex. fam.bbl „ Kye bbl Loin -meal hbl Fresh, roast-pcs.lb Fresh, 8oup.pc8..1b Fresh, r'mp-stks.lb Corned lb T.-al: Fore-quarters lb . flind quarters. . .lb Outlets lb Mutton : Fore quarters... lb Leg lb ^ Chops lb. Pork: Fieshj lb Corned or salted.Ib. Bacon lb. Hams, smoked... lb Shoulders lb. Sausages lb Lard 15 ' C^odflsh, dry lb Mackerel, pickled! ! .lb Kuiter Uj Cheese lb Potatoes .lb Rice lb Milk ^^ KgKs :.' 1872. 1874. N'c'stle on Tyne. M'chester $7 74 9 00 5 08 to 6 14 3 99 to 4 11 $6 17 6 77 4 96 5 03 22 10 22 14 1872. Jfottmgh'm Tl 50 8 71 4 00 10 to qt. S^ doz GROCERIES, ETC. Tea, good black lb Coffee : Rio, gi-een lb Rio, roasted lb Sugar ; Good brown.. lb Yellow C lb CoffeeB ib Molasses ; New Orleans lb Porto Rico... lb Sirup lb hoap, common lb Starch ii, Coal Oil, coal 12 to 20 to 16 to 09 to 24 18 17 20 22 20 to 16 to 04 to 08 24 06 to 20 to 24 Kili 18 20 24 16 20 22 16 16 18| 24 16 18 20 08 24 to 22 10 28 19 to 2-2 SheflBeld. I to S 29 8 00 to 8 57 5 71 to (i 29 4 57 20 17 28 20 18 18 24 1874. ^"°'lvp'1.I Hell Slander- don. S7 oa 24 to 12 to I bush. J 34 20 65 06 [Haricot] li 30 to 36 60 to m 64 to 97 32 48 to 72 48 to 96 20 to 20 to Itito 20 to 05 to $ 23 18 28 1 22 22 1 22 30 19 22 28 20 19 1« 24 19 24 23 06 to 5 14 04 06 08 10 5 14 to 4 44 48 fgal. I 36 [gal.] 48 [gal.] tiO 08 19 to 50 to 32 to 19 to 09 to 42 66 48 33 17 22 09 2 90 to 3 63 06 to 24 to 4 to §16 to §24 03 to 06 Oci 06 18 04 t 00 Cigars, imported, in addition to import duty to pay same as above. Cigarettes, not weighing more than 3 lbs. per 1,000, per 1,000 1 50 Cigarettes, weight exceeding 3 lbs. per 1,000, per 1,000 5 00 Dealers in leaf tobacco, wholesale 25 00 Dealers in leaf tobacco, retail 5 Oo Dealers in leaf tobacco, for sales in excess of $1,000, per dollar of excess 5 Distilled spirits, every proof gallon 70 Distillers, producing 100 bbls. orless (40gallon8of proof spirit to bbl) per annum 400 00 Distillers, for each bbl. in excess of 100 bbls 4 00 Distillers, on each bbl. of 40 gallons in warehouse when act took eflfect, and when withdrawn 4 00 Distillers of brandy from grapes, peaches, and apples exclusively, pro- ducing less than 150 bbls. annually, special tax $50, and $4 per bbl. of 40 gallons. Distillery, having aggregate capacity for mashing, etc., 20 bushels of grain per day, or less per day 2 oO Distillery, in excess of 20 bushels of grain per day, for every 20 bushels, per day 2 00 Fermented liquors, in general, per bbl 1 00 INTEBNAL REYENJJE 39 Gas, coal, iUmninating, when the product shall not be above 200,000 cubic feet per month, per 1,000 cubic feet 10 €ras, coal, when product exceeds 200,000, and does not exceed 500,000 cubic feet per month, per 1,000 cubic feet 15 tlas, coal, when product exceeds 500,000, and does not exceed 5,000,000 cubic feet per month, per 1,000 cubic feet 20 Gas, coal, when product exceeds 5,000,000 feet per month, per 1,000 cubic feet 25 Imitation wines and champagne, not made from grapes, currants, rhu- barb, or berries, grown in the United States, rectified or mixed, to be sold as wine or any other name, per dozen bottles of more than a pint and not more than a quart 2 40 Imitation wines, containing not more thaij one pint, per dozen bottles.. 1 20 Lager beer, per bbl. of 31 gallons 1 00 Liquors, dealers in, whose sales, including sales of all other merchandise, sball exceed |25,000, an additional tax for every $100 on sales of liquors in excess of such $25,000 1 00 Manufacturers of skills 50 OO Manufacturers of stills, for each still or worm made 20 00 Porter, per bbl. of 31 gallons 1 oo Rectifiers, special tax 200 00 Retail liquor dealers, special tax 25 00 Retail malt liquor dealers 20 00 Snuff, manufactured of tobacco, or any substitute, when prepared for use, per lb 32 Snuff"-floar, sold or removed, for use, per lb 32 Stamps, distillers', other than tax-paid stamps charged to collector, each 10 Tobacco, dealers in 10 GO Tobacco, manufacturers of 10 00 Tobacco, twisted by hand, or reduced from leaf, to be consumed, without the use of machine or instrument, and not pressed or sweetened, per lb. 20 Tobacco, all other kinds not provided for, per lb 20 Tobacco peddlers, traveling with more than two horses, mules, or other animals (first class) 50 00 Tobacco peddlers, traveling with two horses, mules, or other animals (second class) 25 00 Tobacco peddlers, traveling with one horse, mule, or other animal (third class) 15 00 Tobacco peddlers, traveling on foot, or by public conveyance (fourth class) 10 00 Tobacco, snuff and cigars, for immediate export, stamps for, each 10 Wholesale liquor dealers 100 00 Wholesale malt liquor dealers 50 00 Wholesale dealers in liquors whose sales, including sales of all other mer- chandise, shall exceed $25,000, each to pay an additional tax on every $100 ofsalesofliquors in excess of $25,000 1 00 40 STAMP DUTIES. The latest Internal Eevenue Act of the United States (that of June, 1872), provides for tfee following stamp duties after October 1, 1873. All other stamp duties in Schedule B are repealed. SCHEDULE B. Bank check, di-aft, or order for the payment of any Bum of money i^hat- eoever, drawn upon any bank, banker, or trust company, or for any sum exceeding $10, drawn upon any other person or persons, com- panies, or corporations^ at sight or on demand ; ,, ^, Medicines or Preparations. ■ \ r... SCHEDULE C. For and upon erery packet, box, bottle, pot, vial, or other inclosure, con- taining any pills, powders, tinctures, troches, or lozenges, syrups, cor- dials, bitters, anodynes, tonics, plasters, liniments, salves, ointments, pastes, di-ops, waters, essences, spirits, oils, or other preparations or compositions whatsoever, made and sold, or removed for consumption and sale, by any person or i)ersons whatever, wherein the person mak- ing or preiJaring the same has, or claims to have, any private formula or occult secret or art for the making or j)reparing the same, or has, or claims to have, any exclusive right or title to the making or preparing the same, or which are prepared, uttered, vended, or exposed for sale under any letters patent, or held out or recommended to the public by the makers, venders, or proprietors thereof as proijrietary medicines, or as remedies or specifics for any disease, diseases, or afiections what- ever affecting the human or animal body, as follows : where such pack- et, box, bottle, vial, or other inclosure, with its contents, shall not ex' ceed, at the retail price or value, the sum of twenty-five cents, one cent '! Where such packet, box, bottle, pot, vial, or other inclosure, with its con- tents, shall exceed the retail price or value of 25 cents, and not exceed the retail price or value of 50 cents, two cents > Where such packet, box, bottle, pot, vial, or other inclosure, with its con- tents shall exceed the retail price or value of 50 cents, and shall not exceed the retail price or value of 75 cents, three cents 3 Where such packet, box, bottle, j>ot, vial, or other inclosui-e, with its con- tents, shall exceed the retail price or value of 75 cents, and shall not exceed the retail price or value of $1, four cents i Where such packet, box, bottle, pot, vial, or other inclosure, with its con- tents, shall exceed the retail price or value of f 1, for each and every 50 cents or fractional part thereof over and above the $1, as before- mentioned, an additional two cents 2 4 ' ■ " STAMP DVTIES ^ Perfumery and Cosmetics. For »nd upon every packet, box, bottle, pot, vial, or other inclosure, con- taiaing any essence, extract, toilet water, cosmetic, bair oil, pomade, hair dressing, hair restorative, bair dye, tootb wash, dentifrice, tootb paste, aromatic cacbous, or any similar articles, by wbatsoever name tbe same have been, now are, or may hereafter be called, known, or distin- guished, used or applied, or to be iised or aj)plied as perfumes or appli- ca rtions to the hair, mouth, or skin, made, prejiared, and sold or re- moved for consumption and sale in the United States, where such packet, box, bottle, pot, vial, or other inclosure, with its contents, shall not exceed, at the retail j^rice or value, the sum of 25 cents, one cent 1 Where such packet, bottle, box, pot, vial, or other inclosure, with its contents, shall exceed the retail price or value of 25 cents, and shall not exceed the retail price or value of 50 cents, two cents 2 Where such packet, box, bottle, pot, vial, or other inclosure, with its contents, shall exceed the retail price or value of 50 cents, and shall not exceed the retail price or value of 75 cents, thi'ee cents 3 Where such packet, box, bottle, pot, vial, or other inclosure, with its con- tents, shall exceed the retail price or vakie of 75 cents, and shall not exceed the retail price or value of $1, four cents 4 Where ench packet, box, bottle, pot, %aal, or other inclosure, with its con- tents, shall exceed the retail price or value of $1, for each and every 50 cents or fractional part thereof over and above the $1, as before mentioned, an additional two cents ~ Friction matches, or lucifer matches, or other articles made in part of wood, and used for like pui-poses, in parcels or packages containing 100 matches or less, for each parcel or package, one cent 1 When in parcels or packages containing more than 100 and not more than 200 matches, for each parcel or package, two cents ' And for every additional 100 matches, or fractional parts thereof, one cent - - For wax tapers, double the rates herein imposed upon friction or lucifer matches ; on cigar lights, made in part of wood, wax, glass, paper, or other materials, in parcels or packages containing 25 lights or less in each parcel or package, one cent - -- — ' When in parcels or jjackages containing more than 25 and not^more than 50 lights, two cents ' For every additional 25 lights or fractional part of that number, one •ent additional.. 42 JfJTT FINANCE BILL. THE FINANCE BILL PASSED JUNE 20, 1871. Bbcttos' 1. The act entitled " An Act to Provide a Na- tional Currency, Secured by a Pledge of United States Bonds, and to provide for the Circulation and Redemp- tion thereof," approved June 3, 1864, shall be hereafter known as the National Bank Act. Sec. 2. That Section 81 of the National Bank Act be so amended that the several associations therein provided for shall not hereafter be required to keep on hand any amount of money whatever, by reason of the anioant of their respective circulations; but the moneys required by said section to be kept at all times on hand shall be determined by the amount of deposits, in all respects as provided for in the said section. Seg. 3. Thateverv association organized or to beorijan- l2ed!ujiderthe provisions of the said act, and of the several acts amendatory thereof, shall at all times keep and have on deposit in the Treasury of the United States, in lawful money of the United States, a sum equal to five per cent- um of its circulation, to be held and used for the redemp- tion of such circulation, which sum shall be counted as a part of its lawful reserve, as provided in Section 2 of this act, and when the circulating notes of any such as- sociations, assorted or unassorted, shall be presented for redemption in sums of $1,000 or any multiple thereof to the Treasurer of the United States, the same shall be re- deemed in United States notes. All notes so redeemed shall be charged by the Treasurer of the United States to the respective associations issuing the same, and he shall notify them severally on the first day of each month or oftener, at his discretion, of the amount of such re- demptions, and whenever such redemptions for any a.s- socia^ion shall amount to the sum of $500 .such associa- tion so notified shall forthwith deposit with the Treasurer of the United States a sum In United States notes equal to the amount of its circulating notes so redeemed ; and all notes of national banks worn, defaced, mutilated, or otherwise unfit for circulation shall, when received by amy Assistant Treasurer, or at any designated depository of the United States, be forwarded to the Treasurer of the United States for redemption, as provided herein ; and when such redemptions have been so reimbursed the circulating notes so redeemed shall be forwarded to the respective associations by which they were is.sued ; but if any such notes are worn, mutilated, detaced, or ren- dered otherwise unfit for use, they shall be forwarded to the Controller of the Currency and destroyed and re- placed as now provided by law. Provided, that each of said associations shall reimburse to the Treasury the charges for transportation and the co-sts for assorting such notes, and the associations hereafter organized shall also generally reimburse to the Treasury the cost of en- graving such plates as shall he ordered by each associa- tion respectively, and the amount assessed upon each association shall be in proportion to the circulation re- deemed, and be charged to the fund on deposit with the Treasurer ; and provided further, that so much of Sec- tion 32 of said National Bank Act recognizing, or permit- ting the redemption of its circulating notes elsewhere than at its own counter, except as provided for in this section, is hereby repealed. ^ , .,. Sec. 4. That any association organized under this act, or any of the acts to which tliis is an amendment, desir- ing to withdraw its circulating notes, in whole or in part, may upon the deposit of lawful money with the Treas- urer or the United States, in sums of not less than $9,000, take up the bonds which said association has on deposit with the Treasurer for the security of such circulating notes, which bonds shall be assigned to the banks in the manner specified in the nineteenth section of the Nation- al Bank Act, and the outstanding notes of said associa- tion to an amount equal to the legal-tender notes depos- ited, shall be redeemed at the Treasury of the United States and destroyed, as now provided by law ; provided that the amount of the bonds on deposit for circulation shall not be reduced below $50,000. Sec. 6. That the Controller of the Currency shall, un- der such rules and regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe, cause the charter numbers of the association to be printed upon all national bank notes which may be hereafter issued by him. Sec. 6. That the amount of United States notes out- standing, and to be issued as a part of the circulating medium, shall not exceed the sum of $382JW0,000, which said sum shall apjJtar in eacU monthly stateuient of the 1 and for other purposes." public debt, and no part thereof shall be held or used &: * SEc''?%hat so much of the act, entitled An act to pro- vide for the redemption of the three per centum tempo- rary loan certificates, and lor an increase ol national i bank notes, as provided, that no circulation shall be • withdrawn under the provisions of Section 6 ot said act until after the $54,OdO,o6o granted in «'-'Cti|'»lo said act shall have been taken up, is hereby repealed, and it shall be the duty of the Controller of the Currency under the direction "of the Secretary of the Treasury, to proceed forthwith, and he is hereby authorized and required, from time to time, as application ^ha'^ ^'^ duly^made therefor and until the full amount ot the $54,oat,000 shall be withdrawn, to make a requisition on each ot the Na- tional Banks described in said' section, and m the man- ner therein provided, or.'anized in States having an ex- cess of circulation, to withdraw and return .^o much of thi.s circulation as by said act may be apportioned tn be withdrawn from them or in lieu thereol to d w-n in the Treasury of the United States lawful money sufluRUt to redeem such circulation, and upon the rnturii of the circulation reciuired, or the deposit of lawlul money as herein provided, a proportionate amount ot the bonds held to secure the eircuiafion of ."such as.-uciation asshall make such return or depo.-;it, shall be surrendered to it. Sec. 8. That upon the failure of the National Banks upon which requisitions for circulation shall be made or ot any of them, to return the amount remiired, or to de- posit in the Treasury lawful money to ndi , m the circu- lation required within thirty days, the C; iitroll.r ol the Currency shall at once sell, as provid. d in hection 49, ol the National Currency Act, approved June 3, 18t4. bonds held to secure the redemption of the circulation of the association or associations which shall so tail to an amount sufficient to redeem the eirculatinn reqiured ol such association or associations, and with the proceeds which shall be deposited in the TreasuiT ot the United States so mnch of the circulation of said association or associations shall be redeemed as will equal the amount reqiured and not returned; and if there be any excesi- of proceeds over the amount required for such redemp- tion it shall be returned to the association or associaticns whose bonds shall have been sold ; and it >liall be the du- ty of the Treasurer, Assistant Treasurers, desi^.'iiau'd de- positaries and National Bank depositaries of the I luted States, who shaU be kept informed by the Controller ot the Currency of such associations as shall fail to retuin circulation as required, to assort and re turn to the Tn as urer for redemption the notes of such associations at shall come into their hands until the amount required shall be redeemed, and in like manner to assort and re turn to the Treasury for redemption the notes of such ^a■ tional Banks as have failed or gone into voliintary liqui dation for the purpose of winding up their affairs ot sucl; as shall hereafter so fail or go into liquidation. Sec. 9. That from and after the passage ot this act id shall be lawful for the -Controller of the Currency, and he is hereby ordered, to issue circulating notes withiait de lay as applications therefor are made, not to exceed the sum of $55,000,000, to associations organized or to be or- ganized, in those States and Territories having less thai;, their proportion of circulation under an apportionment made on the basis of population and of wealth as sht.wr bv the returns of the census of 1870, and every associa tion hereafter organized shall be subject to and be gov erned by the rule.s, restrictions, and limitations, and pos sess the rights, privileges, and franchises now orhereaifei to be prescribed by law as National Banking Associations with the same power to amend, alter and repeal pro vided by the National Bank Act, provided that the whtMe amount of circulation withdrawn and removed from the banks transacting business shall not exceed $55,0(k ,uuu and that such circulation shall be withdrawn, and re deetned as shall be necessary to supply the circulatioi previously issued to the banks in those States having lesi than their apportionment; and provided further, tha' not more than $30,000,000 shall be withdrawn and re deemed, as herein contemplated, during the fiscal yean ending June 30, 1875. Thelitle of the bill is amended to read as rollows: " An act to fix the amount of United States notes, pro. vide for the redistribution of the national bank currency, HORTICULTURAL BUILDING. The City of Philadelphia contributed liberally to the /efxpense of this building. It is located. on Lansdowne Terrace, a little north of the Main Exhibition Building, and commands a vi/iw of the Schuyl- kill river and portions of the city. The building ,1s 383 feet long, 193 feet wide, and 72 feet high. This edifice is intended as a permanent ornament to the park. It is in the MauresqUe style of architecture of the twelfth century, the external materials being principally iron and glass. The location of this building', together with its extreme- ly ornate appearance, render it one of the most attractive of the group erected by the Commission. The main floor is occupied by the central conservatory, 230 by 80 feet and 55 feet high, surmounted by a lantern 170 feet long, 20 feet wide, and 11 feet high. Running entirely around this conservatory, at a height of 20 feet from the floor, is a gallery five feet wide; on the north and south sides of this prin- cipal room, are four forcing houses, for the propagation of young plants, each of them 100 by 30 feet, covered with curved roofs of iron and glass. Dividing the two forcing houses in each of these sides is a vestibule 30 feet square. At the centre of the east and west ends are similar vestibules, on either side of which are the res- taurants, reception room, offices, etc. From the vestibules ornamental stairways lead to the internal galleries of the conservatory, as well as to the four external galleries, each 100 feet long and 10 feet wide, which surmount the roof of the forcing houses. These external gal- leries are connected with a grand promenade, formed by the roofs of , the rooms on the ground floor, which has a superficial area of 1,880 square yards. The east and west entrances are approached by flights of blue marble steps from terraces 80 by 20 feet, in the centre of which stands an open kiosque. Eight ornamental fountains adorn the main conservatory. John Rice, the contractor, was paid $253,937 for the erection, exclusive of the expense of hea'ing .-'pparatus. TAHirr OF THE UNITED STATES. 43 TARIFF OF THE UNITED STATES. Teeasuey Depaetment, I Washington, Aligns' 21, 1874. ) The attention of collectors and other officers of customs is called to the annexed verified copy of so ranch of the act of June 22, 1874 , entitled " An act to revise and consolidate the Statutes of the United States in force on the iirst day of December, 1873,'' as relates to the assessment and collection of duties on imports, and, es- pecially, to the repealing clauses of this act and the following explanations in regard thereto. The act of June 22, 1874, referred to, by its terms, an authoritative interpretation ot the law as it existed on December 1, 1873, and in addition, an absolute repeal of all former and other acts vrhatever, relative to duties upon imports, from and after June 22, 1874. In its character as an interj^retation and legislative construction of acts in force December 1, 1873, it is not, however, mandatory as against any duly- authorized construction prevailiug previous to the date of its enactment. In the absence of such authorized construction holding adversely, either of the courts or of the Secretary of the Treasury, its interpretation must be complied with. After June 22, 1874, however, its requirements are absolute law, to be enforced upon all importations, without provision for time elapsing or for the date of being put on shipboard at any foreign port, or any other condition or reservation whatever. Although many of the points to be noticed, as regards the practical effect of this statement, have already been explained, it may be well to eite them, so far as they have been brought to the attention oi' this Department. Several clauses of the tariff acts of March 2, 1861, and July 14, 1862, which were at first supposed to be modified or repealed by the act of June 30, 1864, and subsequent acts, but which were revived at various times through decisions of the courts or of this Department, are decisively excluded from the present act, and therefore cease to have force after the date of its passage. Among these are, tirst, the rate ot duty on certain descrip- tions of linens, viz: "Drills, coatings, brown Hollands, blay linens, damasks," which, being names or descriptions mentioned in the acts of 1861 and 1862, were not repeated in the acts of 1864. Also, a class of articles coming under the general designation of "Manufactures not otherwise provided for, composed of mixed materials in part of cotton, silk, wool, or worsted, hemp, jute, or flax, " the rate of duty imposed by these two acts being 35 per cent, ad valorem. Many fabrics have remained chargeable with duty under authority of this clause, but no such classifica- tion is continued in the act of June 22, 1874, all goods formerly so classed being now (fharged with duty according to their identity with, or assimilation to, other defined classes. Section 2499 of said act affords a general guide to such classification. Also in regard to several miscellaneous articles, viz: " Argols, other than crude," which paid variable rates under former decisions, but which, subsequent to June 22, 1874, pay 6c. per pound; also castile soap, which, after paying duty under the act of 1864 for a long period, was restored to the rate of duty prescribed by the acts of 1861 and 1862. By the present act, the rate prescribed in the act of 1864 alone has force. Bearing in mind the intention not to repeal or alter' any actually existing law, as properly interpreted on December 1, 1873, it becomes practicable to interpret the relation which those portions of the act of June 6, 1872, reducing duties on certain imports 10 per cent., have to other acts as arranged in the text of the present law. As in the act of 1872 the word "herein" applied to aU sections of the act, it might be inferred that the same word in the present act has the same range of apphcation, and that therefore the abatement of 10 per cent, would not be allowed on any "metals or manufactures of metals" enumerated in the sections subsequent to section 2503 of the present law. But it was clearly not the intention to change the then existing law in that respect, and as the act declares that no inference adverse to the intent of the law shall be drawn from the position which any section or clause has toward any other section or clause, ofi&cers of the customs are directed to apply the 10 per cent, reduction to all articles included in, and not duly excepted from, its application in the act of 1872. This revision, however, interprets the exception of several items, and includes in such exception "Books and other printed matter," the rate of duty on which has been considered open to doubt in this respect. "Books and other printed matter" will hereafter pay the prescribed duty without the reduction of 10 per cent., but no "metals or manufacture of metals" entitled to such reduction under the act of 1852 will be excluded from it under the present 4A TAEIFF OF THE trNITED STATES. law. "Tin in plates or sheets, terne, and tagger's tin, iron and tin plates galvan- ized or coated with any metal by electric batferies; and moisio iron," are, by the act of 1872, excepted from the operation of the 10 per cent, reduction, and will continue to be so excepted. ^„ ,„„. ,., . . Attention is called to section 2499 of the law of June 22, 1874, which is impor- tant as a guide to the construction of other sections and clauses of the same act. This section declares that "K any non-enumerated article equally resembles two or more enumerated articles on which different rates of duty are chargeable, there shall be levied, collected and paid on such non-emmierated article the same rate of duty as is chargeable on the article which it resembles paying the highest duty, and on all articles manufactured from two or more materials, the duty shall be assessed at the highest rates at which any of its component parts may be chargeable. It may be said, generally, that the associated sections of the several tariff acts m force December 1, 1873, in regard to standards, samples, appraisement, custody of merchandise, and other conditions associated with the collection of duties on im- ported merchandise, are in no way affected by, or repealed by, the act of June 22, 1874 They are simply separated from their former coimection in the arrangement adoptedintheIlevi«edStatutes. ^^ ^ BBISTOW, Secretary. TITLE LXXIV. REPEIL PROTSSIOSS. Sec. 5595. The foregoing 73 titles embrace the statutes of the United States general and pei-manent in their nature, in force on the 1st day of December, 1873 , as revised and cousolidatedby commissioners appointed under an act of Congress, and the same shall be designated and cited, as the Revised Statutes of the United States. Sec. 5596. All acts of Congress passed prior to said 1st day of December, 1873, any portion of which is embraced in any section of said revision, are hereby repealed, and the section applicable thereto shall be in force in lieu thereof ; all parts of such acts not contained in such revision, having been repealed or super- seded by subsequent acts, or not being genei-al or permanent in their nature: Fro- vided, That the incorporation into said revision of any general and permanent provision, taken from an act making appropriations, or from an act containing other provisions of a private, local, or temporary character, shall not repeal, or in any way affect any appropriation, or any provision of a private, local, or temporary character, contained in any of said acts, but the same shall remain m force; and all acts of Congress passed prior to said last named day no part of which are embraced in said revision, shall not be affected or changed by its enactment. _ • Sec. 5597. The repeal of the several acts embraced in said revision, shall not affect any act done, or anv right accruing or accraed, or any suit or proceeding had or commenced in any civil cause before the said repeal, but all rights and liabihties imder said acts shall continue, and may be enforced in the same manner, as if said repeal had not been made; nor shaU said repeal, in any manner affect the right to any ofi&ce, or change the term or tenure thereof. _ Sec 5598. All offences committed, and all penalties or forfeitures incurred under any statute embraced in said revision prior to said repeal, may be prosecuted and punished in the same manner and with the same effect, as if said repeal had not been made. ,.,,,••, ^ a Sec 5599. All acts of limitation, whether apphcable to cml causes and proceed- ing or to the prosecution of offences, or for the recovery of penalties or forfeitures, embraced in said revision and covered by said repeal, shall not be affected thereby, but aU suits, proceedings or prosecutions, whether civil or criminal, for caus^ arising or acts done or committed prior to said repeal, may be commenced and prosecuted within the same time as if said repeal had not been made. Sec 5600. The arrangement and classification of the several sections of the re- vision have been made for the purpose of a more convenient and orderly arrange- ment of the same, and therefore no inference or presumption of a legislative con- struction is to be drawn by reason of the title, under which any particular section ^^ Sec 5601 The enactment of the said revision is not to affect or repeal any act of Congress passed since the 1st day of December, 1873, and all acts passed since that date are to have fuU effect as if passed after the enactment of this revision and so far as such acts vary from, or conflict with any provision contained in saidre- vision, they are to have effect as subsequent statutes, and as repealing any portion of the revision inconsistent therewith. 'TAEIET OF THE TTNITED STATESii. " •'" 46 ■a>,y. ,^ TITLE XXXIII. . DUTIES UPOI IMPORTS. Sec. 2491. All persons are prohibited from importing into the United States; from any foreign country, any obscene book, pamphlet, paper, writing, advertise- ment, circular, print, picture, drawing, or other representation, figure, or image on or of paper or other material, or any cast, instrument, or other article of an immoral nature, or any drug or medicine, or any article whatever, for the prevention of conception, or for causing unlawful abortion. No invoice or package whatever, or any part of one, in which any such articles are contained shall be admitted to entry; and all invoices and packages whereof any such articles shall compose a part, are liable to be proceeded against, seized, and forfeited by due course of law. All such prohibited articles in the course of importation shall be detained by the officer of customs, and proceedings taken against the same as prescribed in the following section: Provided, That the drugs hereinbefore mentioned, when imported in bulk and not put up for any of the purposes hereinbefore specified, are excepted from the operation of this section. Sec. 24.92. Any judge of any district or circuit court of the United States, within the proper district, before whom complaint in writing of any violation of the pre- ceding section is made, to the satisfaction of such judge, and founded on know- ledge or belief, and, if upon belief, setting forth the grounds of such belief, and supported by oath or affirmation of the complainant, may issue comformably to the Constitution, a warrant directed to the marshal, or any deputy marshal, in the proper district, directing him to search for, seize, and take possession of any such article or thing hereinbefore mentioned, and to make due and immediate return thereof, to the end that the same may be condemned and destroyed by proceedings, which shall be conducted in the same manner as other proceedings in case of municipal seizure, and with the same right of appeal or writ of error. Sec. 2493. The importation of neat cattle and the hides of neat cattle from any foreign country into the United States is prohibited: Provided, That the operation of this section shall be suspended as to any foreign country or countries, or anj" parts of such country or countries, whenever the Secretary of the Treasuiy shall officially determine, and give public notice thereof, that such importation will not tend to the introduction or spread of contagious or infectious diseases among the cattle of the United States; and the Secretary of the Treasury is hereby authorized and empowered, and it shall be his duty, to make all necessai-y orders and regula- tioDS to carry this law into effect, or to suspend the same as therein provided, and to send copies thereof to the proper officers in the United States, and to such officers or agents of the United States in foreign countries as he shall judge necessary. Sec. 2494. The President of the United States, whenever in his judgement the importation of neat cattle and the hides of neat cattle maybe made without danger of the introduction or spread of contagious or infectious disease among the cattle of the United States, may, by proclamation, declare the provisions of the preceding section to be inoperative, and the same shall be afterward inoperative and of no effect from and after thirty days from the dote of said proclamation. Sec. 2495. Any person convicted of a willful violation of any of the provisions of the two preceding sections, shall be fined not exceeding $500, or imprisoned not exceeding one year, or both, in the discretioji of the court. Sec. 2496. No watches, watch-cases, watch-movements, or parts' of watch-movo- ments, of foreign manufacture, which shall copy or simulate the name or trade- mark of any domestic manufacturer, shall be admitted to entry at the custom- houses of the United States, unless such domestic manufacturer is the importer of the same. And in order to aid the officers of the customs in enforcing this prohibi- tion, any domestic manufacturer of watches who has adopted trade-marks may require his name and residence and a description of his trade-marks to be recorded in books which shall be kejit for that purpose in the Department of the Treasury, under such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe, and may fiUTiish to the Department fac-similes of such trade-marks, and thereupon the Secre- tary of the Treasury shall cause one or more coiiies of the same to be transmitted to each collector or other proper officer of the customs. Sec. 2497. No goods, wares, or merchandise, unless in cases provided for by treaty, shall be imported into the United States from any foreign port or place, except in vessels of the United States, or in such foreign vessels as truly and wholly belong to the citizens or subjects of that country of which the goods are the growth, pro- duction, or manufacture ; or from which such goods, wares, or merchandise can only be, or most usually are, first shipped for transportation. All goods, waras, or mar- 46 TAMTF or THE UNITED STATES. chandise imported contrary to this section, and the vessel wherein the same shall be imported, together with her cargo, tackle, apparel and furniture, shall be forfeited to the United States, and such goods, wares or merchandise, ship or vessel and cargo shall be liable to be seized, prosecuted, and condemned in like manner, and under the same regulations, restrictions and provisions, as have been heretofore established for the recovery, collection, distribution and remission of forfeitures to the United States by the several revenue laws. Sec. 2498. The preceding section shall not apply to vessels, or goods, wares, or merchandise, imported in vessels of a foreign nation which does not maintain a similar regulation against vessels of the United States. Sec. 2499. There shall be levied, collected and paid, on each and every non-enu- merated article which bears a similitude, either in material, quality, texture, or the use to which it may be applied to any article enumerated in this Title, as charge- able with duty, the same rate of duty which is levied and charged on the enumera- ted article which it mostly resembles in any of the particulars before mentioned, and if any non-enutaerated article .equally resembles two or more enumerated arti- cles, on which difterent rates of duty are chargeable, there shall be levied, collected and paid, on such non-enumerated article, the same rate of duty as is chargeable on the article which it resembles paying the highest duty; and on all articles manufactured from two or more materials, the duty shall be assessed at the highest rates at which any of its component parts may be chargeable. Sec. 2500. Upon the re-importation of articles once exported, of the growth, product, or manufacture of the United States, upon which no internal tax has been assessed or paid, or upon which such tax hiis been paid and refunded by allowance or drawback, there shall be levied , collected and paid a duty equal to the tax im- posed by the internal-revenue laws upon such articles. Sec. 2501. There shall be levied, collected and paid on all goods, wares and mer- chandise of the growth or produce of the countries east of the Cape of Good Hope, (except wool, raw cotton and raw silk, as reeled from the cocoon, or not further advanced than tram, thrown, or organzine,) when imported from places west of the Cape of Good Hope, a duty of 10 per cent, ad valorem in addition to the duties imposed on any such article when imported directly from the place or places of their growth or production. Sec. 2502. A discriminating duty of 10 per cent, ad valorem, in addition to the duties imposed by law, shall be levied, collected and paid on all goods, wares and merchandise which shall be imported in vessels not of the United States; but this discriminating duty shall not apply to goods, wares and merchandise which shall be imported in vessels not of the United States, entitled, by treaty or any act af Congress, to be entered in the ports of the United States on payment of the same duties as shall then be paid on goods, wares and merchandise imported in vessels of the United States. Sec. 2503. There shall be levied, collected and paid upon all articles mentioned in the scheduler contained in the next section, imported from foreign countries, the rates of duty which are by the schedules respectively prescribed : Provided, That on the goods, wares and merchandise in this section enmuerated and provided for, im- ported from foreign countries, there shall be levied, collected and paid only 90 per cent, of the several duties and rates of duty imposed by the said schedules upon said articles severally, that is to say: On all manufactures of cotton of which cotton is the component part of chief value. On all wools, hair of the alpaca, goat, and other animals, and all manufactures wholly or in part of wool or hair of the alpaca and other Uke animals, except um- brellas, parasols, and sun-shades covered with silk or alpaca. On all iron and steel, and on all manufactures of iron and steel, of which such metals er either of them shall be the component part of chief value, excepting cot- ton machinery. On all metals not herein otherwise provided for, and on all manufactures of metals of which either of them is the component part of chief value, excepting percussion caps, watches, jewelry, and other articles of ornament: Provided, That all wire rope and wire strand or chain made of iron wire, either bright, coppered, galvanized, or coated with other metals, shall pay the same rate of duty that is now levied on the iron wire of which said rope or strand or chain is made, and all wire rope, and wire strand or chain made of steel wire, either bright, coppered, galvan- ized or coated with other metals, shall pay the same rate of duty that is now levied on the steel wire of which said rope or strand or chain is made. On all paper, and manufactures of paper, excepting unsized printing-paper, books and other printed matter, and excepting sized or glued paper suitable only for printing-paper. T AT^.rm r OF THE TINITED STATES. 47 - > • K On all manufactures of India-rabber, gutta-percha, or straw, and on oil-cloths of all descriptions. . ^ xmi . _.i On glass and glass ware, and on unwrought pipe-clay, hue clay and tuUers eartn. On all leather not otherwise herein provided for, and on all manufactures of skins, bone, ivory, horn and leather, except gloves and mittens, and of which either of said articles is the component part of chief value; and on licquonce- paste or liquorice juice. Schedule A.— Cotton ajsd Cotton Goods.* Sec. 2504. On all manufactures of cotton (except jeans, denims, drillings, bed tickings, ginghams, plaids, cottonades, pantaloon stuff, and Uke goods) not bleached, colored, stained, painted, or printed, not exceeding 100 threads to the square inch, counting the warp and tilhug, and exceeding in weight 5 ounces per square yard, 5c. per square yard; if bleached, 5|c. ; if colored, stained, painted, or printed, Sic, and 10 per cent, ad valorem. On finer and lighter goods of like description, not exceeding 200 threads to square inch, counting the warp and filling, unbleached, 5c. per square yard; if bleached, 5ic. ; if colored, stained, painted, or printed, 5hc., and 20 per cent. On like goods exceeding 200 threads to the square inch, counting the warp and filling, unbleached, 5c. per square yard; if bleached, 5ic. ; if colored, stained, painted, or printed, 5^c. and 20 per centum. On cotton jeans, denims, drillings, bed-tickings, ginghams, plaids, cottonades, pantaloon stuffs, and like goods, or for similar use, if unbleached, and not exceeding 100 threads to the square inch, counting the warp and filling, and exceeding 5 ounces to the square yard, 6c. per square yard; if bleached, 6^c. ; if colored, stained, painted, or printed, 6.',c., and 10 per centum. On finer, or lighter goods of like description, not exceeding 200 threads to the square inch, counting the warp and filling, if unbleached, 6c. per square yard; if bleached, 6ic. ; if colored, stained, painted, or printed, 6.^c. and 15 per cent. On goods of Ughter description, exceeding 200 threads to the square inch, counting the warp and filling, if unbleached, 7c. per square yard; if bleached, 7^c. ; if colored, stained, painted, or printed, 7|c. and 15 per cent. Provided, that upon all plain woven cotton goods, not included in the foregoing schedule, unbleached valued at over 16c. per square yard; bleached, valued at over 20c.; colored valued at over 25c., and cotton jeans, denims and drilUngs, unbleached, valued at over 20c., and all other cotton goods of every description, the value of which shaU exceed 25c. per square vard, there shall be levied, coUected, and paid, a duty of 35 per cent, ad valorem: And provided fur Iher, That no cotton goods having more than 200 threads to the square inch, counting the warp and filling, shall be admitted to a less rate of duty than is provided for goods which are of that number ot threads. Cotton thread, yarn, warps, or warp-yarn, not wound upon spools, whether single or advanced beyond single by twisting two or more single yams together, whether on beams or in bundles, skeins, or cops, or in any other form, valued at not ex- ceeding 40c. per pound, 10c. per pound; valued at over 40c., and not exceeding 60c., 20c. per pound; valued at over 60c. and not exceeding 80c., 30c. per pound; valued at over 80c., 40c. per pound; and, in addition to such rates of duty, 20 per cent. Spool-thread of cotton, 6c. per dozen spools, containing on each spool not exceeding 100 vards, and, in addition, 30 per cent; exceeding 100 yards for every additional 100 yards of thread on each spool or fractional part thereof, m excess ot 100 yards, 6c. per dozen and 35 per cent. Cotton cords, gimps, and galloons and cotton laces colored, 35 per cent. n ix i, • Cotton shirts and drawers, woven or made on frames, and on aU cotton hosiery, 35 per cent. Cotton velvet, 35 per cent. Cotton braids, insertings, lace, trimming, or bobbinet, and all other manufactures of cotton, not otherwise provided for, 35 per cent. Schedule B.— Eaeths and Eakthekn Waees. Brown earthern ware and common stone ware, gas-retorts, stone ware not orna- mented, 25 per cent. , -i - China, porcelain, and Parian ware, gilded, ornamented, or decorated m any manner, 50 per cent. . China, porcelain, and Parian ware, plain and white, and not decorated m any manner, 45 per cent. ; all other earthern, stone, or crockery ware, white glazed, edged, printed, painted, dipped, or cream-colored, composed of earthy or mineral substances, not otherwise provided for, 40 per cent. Stone ware above the capacity of ten gallons, 20 per cent. Slates, slate-pencils, slate chimney-pieces, mantels, slabs for tables and aU otfier manufactures of slate, 40 per cent Roofing slates, 35 per cent. *P«r cent., in all cases, means per centum ad valorem. ^ TAKTFT OF THE TTiaTEB STAIHS* s . "■' Unwrought clay,"pipe-clay, fire-clay, $5 pertoa. ■ Kaoline, $5 per ton. ). On fullers' earth, $3 per ton. ' Eed and French chaUi, 20 per cent. Chalk not otherwise provided for, 25 per'cent.. ; Whiting and Paris-white, Ic. per pound- ■ Whiting ground in oil, 2c. per pound. Paris white ground in oil, l^c. per pound. ., All plain and mould and pre*ss glass not cut," engraved, or painted, 35 per cent All articles of glass, cut, engraved, painted, colored, printed, stained, silvered, or gilded, not including plate-glass silvered, or looking glass plates, 40 per cent All unpolished cylinder, crown, and common window-glass, not exceeding 10x15 inches square, l^c. per pound; above that and not exceeding 16x24 inches, 2c. per pound; above that and not exceeding 24x30 inches, 2ic. per pound; all above that, 3c. per pound. Cylinder and crown glass, polished, not exceeding lOx 15 inches square, 2ic. per square foot; above that, and not exceeding 16 x 24 inches, 4c. per foot; above that and not exceeding 24 s 30 inches, 6c. per foot; above that and not exceeding 24 x 60 inches, 20c. per foot; all above that, 40c. per square foot. Fluted, rolled, or rough plate-glass, not including crown, cylinder, or common window-glass, not exceeding 10x15 inches square, 75c. per 100 square feet; above that and not exceeding 16x24 inches, Ic. per foot; above that and not exceeding 24x30 inches, l|c. per foot; all above that, 2c. per square foot. And all fluted, rolled, or rough" plate-glass, weighing over 100 pounds per 100 square feet, shall pay an additional duty on the excess at the same rates. Cast polished plate-glass, unsilvered, not exceeding 10x15 inches square, 3c. per square foot; above that and not exceeding 16x24 inches, 5c. per foot; above that and not exceeding 24 x 30 inches, 8c. per foot; above that and not exceeding 24 x 60 inches, 25c. per foot; all above that, 60c. per square foot. Cast polished plate-glass, silvered, or looking-glass plates not exceeding 10 x 15 inches square, 4c. per square foot; above that and not exceeding 16x 24 inches, 6c. per foot; above that and not exceeding 24x 30 inches, 10c. per foot; above that and not exceeding 24x60 inches, 35c. per foot; all above that, 60c, per square foot. But no looking-glass plates or plate-glass, silvered, when framed, shall pay a less rate of duty than that imposed upon similar glass of like description not framed, but shall be liable to pay in addition 30 per cent, upon such frames. Glass bottles or jars fiUed with articles not otherwise provided for, 30 per cent. Porcelain and Bohemian glass, glass crystals for watches, glass pebbles for spec- tacles, not rough ; paintings on glass or glasses, and all manufactures of glass, or of which glass shall be a component material, not otherwise provided for, and all glass bottles or jars filled with sweetmeats or preserves, not otherwise provided for, 40 per ceutuiE ad valorem. ScHEDtriiE C. — Hemp, Jute, akd Flax Goods. Flax-straw, $5 per ton. Flax not hackled or dressed, $20 per ton. Flax hackled, known as ' ' dressed line," $40 per ton. Hemp, Manilla, and other like substances for hemp, not^otherwise provided for, $25 per ton. Tow of flax or hemp, $10 per ton. Jute, sunn and Sisal-grass, and other vegetable substances not enumerated, used for cordage, $15 per ton. Brown and bleached linens, ducks, canvas, paddings, cot bottoms, diapers, crash, huckabucks, handkerchiefs, lawns, or other manufactures of flax, jute, or hemp, or of which flax, jute, or hemp shall iQe the material of chief value, not otherwise pro- vided for, valued at 30c. or less per square yard, 35 per cent. ; valued at above 30c. per yard, 40 per cent.; flax or linen yarns for carpets, not exceeding number 8 Lea, and valued at 24c. or less per pound, 30 per cent. ; flax or linen yarns valued at above 24c. per pound, 35 per cent. ; flax or linen thread, twine and pack thread, and all other manufactures of flax, or of which flax shall be the material of chief value, not otherwise provided for, 40 per cent. Thread lace and insertings, 30 per cent. On all burlaps, and like manufactures of flax, jute, or hemp, or of which flax, jute, or hemp shall be the material of chief value, excepting such as may be suit- able for bagging for cotton, 30 per cent. Oil-cloth foundations or floor-cloth canvas, made of flax, jute, or hemp, or of which flax, jute, or hemp shall be the material of chief value, 40 per cent. ; gunny- ART GAIiLERY. Three-hundred feet northward of the Main Exhibition Building, on Landsdo-wne Plateau, is located the Art Gallery, designed as a Memorial of the Centennial Exhibition, and a repository for Paint- ings, Statuary, and other works of Art. It is built of granite, glass and iron. The building is fire-proof, 365 feet in length, 210 feet in width, 59 feet in height, has a spacious basement, and is surmounted by a dome. The dome rises from the centre of the edifice, 150 feet from the ground. The large figure on the dome personates Columbia. The figures at each corner of the dome typify the four quarters of the globe. Tho entrance is by three arched doorways, each 40 feet high and 15 feet wide, opening into a hall. The main cornice is sur- mounted by a balustrade with candelabras. Each pavilion displays a window 30 feet high and 12 feet wide; it is also ornamented with tile work, wreaths of oak and laurel, 13 stars in frieze, and a colossal eagle at each of its four corners. The arcades, a general feature in the old Roman villas, but entirely novel here, are intended to screen the long walls of the gallery. The main entrance opens on a hall 82 feet long, 60 feet wide, and 53 feet high, richly decorated; on the farther side of this hall, three door-ways, each 16 feet wide and 25 feet high, open into the centre hall; this hall is 83 feet square, the ceiling of the dome rising over it 80 feet in height. From its east and west sides extend the galleries, each 98 feet long, 84 feet wide, and 35 feet in height. These galleries admit of temporary divisions for the more advantageous display of paintings. The centre hall and galler- ies form one grand hall 287 feet long and 85 feet wide, and holding 8,000 persons. R. J. Dobbins was the builder, the contract price being $2,199,273. The expense of this building was borne by the State of Pennsylvania and the city of Philadelphia. Addition to the Abt Gallery. — The contract for the erection of the addition to Memorial Hall has been awarded to R. J. Dobbins. The building will be about 100 feet in the rear of Memorial Hall, and its appearance will, in its general features, be the same as that of Memo- rial HaU. It will be of brick, overcast with cement, painted to repre- sent granite, and with front and side elevations. The exterior walls will be broken by arches and pilasters. The total length of the building will be 350 feet, and its width 186 feet. It will cover about an acre of ground. The walls will be lined with asbestos to render it fire-proof, and the building will be amply lighted by sky-lights, the interior walls being 10 feet high, affording excellent facilities for ob- taining a good light on all the pictures. The ground plan will be divided into two large galleries, each 101 feet 6 inches long and 40 feet wide, and 24 smaller galleries, each 40 by 40 feet. There will be a passage-way 20 feet wide, extending the entire length of the build- ing, which, with a shorter passage-way, will bo utilized for the exhi- bition of water-color paintings. TAEIFF OF THE UNITED STATES. 49 eloth, not bagging, valued at 10c. or less per square yard, 3c. per pound; over 10c. per yard, 4c. per pouud. On bagging for cotton, or other manufactures, not otherwise provided for, suit- able to the Uk.es for which cotton bagging is applied, composed in Avhole or in part of hemp, jute, flax, gunny -bags, gunny-cloth, or other material, and valued at 7c. or less per square yard, 2c. per pound; valued at over 7c. per yard, 3c. per pound. Bags , cotton bags and bagging, and all like manufactures, not otherwise provided for, ^except bagging for cotton, ) wholly or in part of flax, hemp, jute, gunny-cloth, gunny-bags, or other material, 40 per cent. Tarred cables or cordage, 3c. per pound. Untarred Manilla cordage, 2^c. per pound. Other untarred cordage, 3 Jc. per pound. Hemp yarn, 5c. per pound. Seines, 6Jc. per pound. Sail-duck or canvas for sails, 30 per cent. Russia and other sheetings of flax or hemp, brown and white, 35 per cent Other manufactures of hemp, or of which hemp shall be the material of chief value, not otherwise provided for, 30 per cent. Grass-cloth, 30 per cent. Jute yarns, 25 per cent. AU other manufactures of jute or Sisal-grass, not provided for, 30 per cent. SCHEDXJLE D. — LiQUOES. Wines imported in casks, containing not more than 22 per cent, of alcohol, valued at not exceeding 40c. per gallon, 25c. per gallon ; valued at over 40c. , and not over $1, 60c. per gallon; valued at over $1, $1 per gallon, and, in addition thereto, 25 per cent. Wines of all kinds, imported in bottles, not otherwise provided for, the same rate per gallon as wines imported in casks. But all bottles containing 1 quart or less, and more than one pint, shall be held to contain one quart, and all bottles containing one pint or less shall be held to contain one pint, and shall pay in ad- dition 3c. for each bottle. Champagne and all other sparkling wines, in bottles, containing each not more than 1 quart and more than 1 pint, $6 per dozen bottles ; not more than 1 pint each, and more than | pint, $3 per dozen; J pint each, or less, $1.50 per dozen; and in bottles containing more than 1 quart each, shall pay, in addition to $6 per dozen bottles, at the rate of $2 per gallon on the quantity in excess of 1 quart per bottle. But any liquors containing more than 22 per cent, of alcohol, which shall be entered under the name of wine, shall be forfeited to the United States. Wines, brandy, and other spirituous liqi;ors imported in bottles shall be packed in pack- ages of not less than 1 dozen bottles in each package ; and all such bottles shall pay an additional duty of 3c: for each bottle. No allowance shall be made for breakage unless such breakage is actually ascertained by count, and certified by a custom- house appraiser. Brandy and other spirits manufactured or distilled from grain or other materials, not otherwise provided for, $2 per proof-gallon. Each and every gauge or wine gallon of measurement shall be counted as at least one proof-gaUon, and the stan- dard for determining the jjroof of brandy and other spirits, and of wine or liquors of any kind imxjorted, shall be the same as that defined in the laws relating to in- ternal revenue. But brandy or spirituous liquors imported in casks of less capacity than 14 gallons shall be forfeited to the United States. On all compounds or preparations of which distilled spirits is a component part of chief value, there shall be levied a duty not less than that imposed upon distilled spirits. Cordials, liquers, arrack, absinthe, kirschwasser, ratafia, and similar spirituous beverages, or bitters containing spirits, not otherwise provided for, $2 per proof- gallon. No lower rate of duty shall be levied, collected, and paid, on brandy, spirits, and other spirituous beverages, than that fixed by law for the description of first proof, but it shall be increased in proportion for any greater strength than first proof; and no brandy, or other spirituous beverages under first proof shall pay a less rate of duty than 50 per cent. ; and all imitations of brandy, or spirits, or wines im- ported by any names whatever, shall be subject to the highest rate of duty provided for the genuine articles intended to be represented, and in no case less than M. per gallon. Ale, porter, and beer, in bottles, 35c. per gallon; otherwise than in bottles, 20c. per gallon. Vermuth; the same duty as on wines of the same cost. 50 TAKIFB" OF THE Uis^TED STATES. ScjHKDULz E. — Metals. Iron in pigs, $7 per ton. Bar-iron, rolled or hammered, comprising flats not less than 1 inch or more than 6 inches wide, nor less tlum § of nn mch or more thn.n 2 inches thick; rounds not less than | of an inch nor more than 2 inches in diameter; and squares not kf.s than ^ of an inch nor more than two inches square; Ic. per pound. Bar iron, rolled or hammered, comprising flats less than f of an inch or more than 2 iin.hes thick, or less than 1 inch or more than 6 inches wide; rounds less than ^ of ca inch or more than 2 inches in diameter; and squares less than f of an inch or more than 2 inches square, l^c. per pound. But all iron in slabs, blooms, loops, or other forms, less finished than iron in bars, and more advanced than pig iron, ex- cept castings, shall be rated as iron in bars, and pay a duty accordingly, and none of the above iron shall pay a less rate of duty than 35 per cent. Moisic iron, made from sand ore by one process, $15 per ton. Iron bars for railroads or inclined planes, 70c. per 100 pounds, Boiler or other plate-iron not less than 3-16 of an inch in thickness, l^c. per pound. Boiler and other plate-iron, not otherwise provided for, $25 per ton. Iron wire, bright, coppered, or tinned, drawn and finished, not more than ^ of an inch in diameter, not less than number 16, wire-gauge, $2 per lOu pounds, and in addition thereto 15 per cent. ; over number 16 and not over number 25, wire-guiige, $3.50 per 100 pounds, and in addition thereto 15 per cent. ; over or finer than munber 25, wire-guage, $4 per 100 pounds, and in addition thereto 15 per cenc. But wire covered with cotton, silk, or other material shall pay 5c. per pound in addition. Bound iron in coils, three-sixteenths of an inch or less in diameter, whether coated with metal or not, and all descriptions of iron wire, and wire of Mhich iron is a part, not otherwise specifically eniunerated and provided for, shall piiy the same duty as iron wire, bright, coppered, or tinned. Spiral furniture springs, manufactured of iron wire, 2c. per pound and 15 j;- r cent. Smooth or polished sheet-iron, by whatever name designated, 3c. per potmd. Sheet-iron, common or black, not thinner than number 20, wire-guage, l^c. ]>er pound; thinner than number 20 and not thinner than number 25, wire-guage, 1-^c. per pound; thinner than number 25, wire-guage, l|c. per pound. All band, hoop, and scroll iron from ^ to 6 inches in width, not thinner than J of an inch, IJc. per pound. All band, hoop, and scroll iron from J to six inches wide, under J of an inch in thickness, and not thinner than number 20, wire-guage, l^c. per pound. All band, hoop, and scroll iron thinner than number 20, wire-guage, l|c. per potmd. Slit rods, IJc. per pound. All other descriptions of rolled or hammered iron not otherwise provided lor, IJc. per pound. All handsaws not over 24 inches long. 75c. per dozen and 30 per cent ; over 24 inches long, $1 per dozen and 30 per cent. All back-saws not over 10 inches long, 75c. per ilozen and ,30 per cent; over 10 inches in length, $1 per dozen and 30 per cent. Files, file-blanks, rasps, and floats ( f all descriptions, not exceeding 10 inches in length, 10 cents per pound and 30 per cent; exceeding 10 inches in length, 60c. per pound and 30 per cent. Pen, Jack, and pocket-knives of all kinds, 50 per cent • Sword-blades, 35 per cent. Swords, 45 per cent. , Needles for knitting or sewing machines, $1 per 1,000 and 35 per cent. Iron squares marked on one side, 3c. per pound and 30 per cent ; all other squares of iron or steel, 6c. per pound and 30 per cent. All manufactures of steel, or of which steel shall be a component part, not other- wise provided for, 45 per cent. But all articles of steel partially manufactured, or of which steel shall be a part, not otherwise provided for, shall pay the same late of duty as if wholly manufactured. Steel railway-bars, IJeC. per pound. Railway-bars made in part of steel, leper pound. And metal converted, cast, or made from iron by the Bessemer or pneumatic process, of whatever form or description, shall be classed as steel. Locomo^ve-tire, or parts thereof, 3c. per pound. Mill-irons and mill-cranks of wrought-iron , and wrought-iron for ships, steam- engines, and locomotives, or parts thereof, weighing each 25 pounds or more, 2c. per pound. TABTFF OF THE UNITED STATES. 51 Anvils and iron cables, or cable chains, or parts thereof, 2^c. per pound. Provided, That no chains made of wire or rods of a diameter less than ^ of 1 inch, shall be consdered a chain cable. Chains, trace-chains, halter-chains, aud fence-chains, made of wire or rods, f of 1 inch in diameter, 2^c. per pound; less than J of 1 inch, and not under number 9, wire-guage, 3c. per pound, under number 9, wire guage, 35 per cent. Anchors, or parts thereof, 2|c. per pound. Blacksmiths' hammers and sledges, axles or parts thereof, and malleable iron in castings, not otherwise provided for, 2^c. per pound. Wrought-iron railroad chairs, and wrought-iron nuts and washers, ready punched, 2c. per pound. Bed-screws and wrought-iron hinges, 2ic. per poimd. Wrought board-nails, spikes, rivets and bolts, 2^c. per pound. Steam, gas, and water tubes and flues of wrought-iron, 3Jc. per pound. Cut nails and spikes, l^c. per pound. Horseshoe-nails, 5c . per pound. Cut tacks, brads, or sprigs, not exceeding 16 ounces to the 1,000, 2Jc. per 1,000; exceeding 16 ounces to the 1,000, 3c. per pound. Screws, commonly called wood-screws, 2 inches or over in length, 8c. per pound, less than finches iu length, lie, per pound. Screws of any other metal than iron, and all other screws of iron, except wood- screws, 35 per cent. Vessels of cast iron, not otherwise provided for, and on andirons, sad-irons, tailors' and hatters' irons, stoves and stove-plates of cast iron, IJc.per pound. Cast-iron steam, gas, and water. pipe, IJc. per pound. Cast-iron butts an hinges, 2ic. per pound. Hollow ware, glazed or tinned, 'Sic. i er pound. Cast scrap-iron of every description, $6 [:)!) 9 15 7;»o t OJ 4 ^6 3.SG 7:10 7 97 6 04 2i28 3 44 7 08 3 84 4 44 3 58 15 61 5 04 4 00 \5 61 ii5 38 St 68 15 56 5 81 6 64 2 60 3 98 4 96 3 86 2 24 3 00 1 4 37 1 2 31 SILVER COIN.- Country. Au.stria do do do Belgium Bolfvia do Brazil Canada O'litral America Chili do Denmark Eugland France Germany, North do Germany, South do ^ Greece Uindostan Japan do Mexico Naples Netherlands Norway New Granada . . Peru do do. Prussia do Rome Russia Sardinia Spain Sweden Switzerland Tunis Turkey Tuscany Denomination Old rix dollar Old scudo Florin before 1858 New union dollar . . Mve francs New dollar Half dollar . Double milreis Twenty cents Dollar Old doUar New dollar Two rigsdaler Shilling Five fj'ancs riialer, before IS,")? . Xcw thaler Floiin, before 1857. . . New florin Five drachms Rujiee Itzebu New itzebu Dollar — new Scudo Two and J^ gailders. Specie dalor Dollar of 1857 Old dollar Dollar, of 1858 Half-dollar, 1835-38.. Thaler, before 1857 . . New thaler Scudo Rouble Five lire New pistareen Rix dollar Two francs Five piastres Twenty piastres Florin ;!• 'r. n 02 ; 03 51 73 98 79 39 I 03 19 I 00 I 07 98 til 23 98 73 73 42 43 48 47 6A I 07 95 103 1 11 98 106 95 38 73 73 106 79 93 13# 1 11 40 64 87 38 (18 -1 GRJCULTUBAL AGRICULTURAL. SUMMARY FOE EACH STATE, SHOWING THE PRODTTCT, THE NUMBER o,9(!0 294.100 103,600 343,900 537.200 1,049,400 669,600 738,600 282,700 335,300 142,300 634,400 198,900 47,700 250,000 80,800 9,870 _ 95,000 T,222,470 874 21 Value Number. MULES. 5684,463.957 OXEN AND OTHER CATTLE Maine New Hampshire. Termont Massachusetts. . . Rhode Island Connecticut New York New Jersey Pennsylvania Delaware Maryland Virginia North Carolina. . South CaroUna. . Georgia Florida Alabama ?d[isNissip]»i Louisiana Texas Arkansas Tennes.seo \V"est Virginia... Kentucky Missouri Illinois Indiana Ohio Michigan Wisconsin Minnesota Iowa Kansas Nebraska California Oregon Nevada The Territories. Total 18.'), too 118.100 130,700 121,400 16,900 111,200 704,800 84.800' 715,500 33.400 125,600 405,700 310,. 500 179,600 491,300 383,600 344.500 336.600 181.200 2,842.200 251.600 351,600 235, .500 384,300 782,900 1,260,900 765,000 901,000 463,, 500 440,400 269,30{i 820.000 457,000 73,200 442.20!) 116,700 40,000 620.000 ^16,413,800 §7,152,264 4,536,221 5,047,634 4,839,004 890,968 4,521,392 23,998.440 2,750,064 21,558,075 963,256 2,971,696 6,844,159 3.104,865 2,501.828 4,410.287 3,425,548 4,502,615 4,274,820 2,236,256 21,344,922 2,961,332 4,806,372 5,807,430 9,230,886 14,327,070 39,122,901 18,344,700 24,966,710 13,103,145 10,406.652 • 5,773,792 19,196,200 9.350.220 1,840.248 10,042,362 2.267.481 920,000 13,950,000 $^38 64 38 41 W62 39 86 52 72 40 66 34 05 32 43 3013 28 84 23 66 16 87 9 81 13 93 10 99 8 93 13 07 12 70 12 38 7 51 1177 13 67 24 66 24 02 18 30 23 89 23 98 28 27 23 63 21 44 V.3 ft 20 4';; 25 It 22 71 • 19 43 23 00 22 50 ""$20 06 I $329,298,755 310,000 Average Price. '$128 32- 115 31 184 62 109 30 112 02 112 25 126 59 127 05 102 08 113 81 121 59 56 50 94 88 93 27 84 27 77 98 70 96 78 73 72 58 82 37 90 83 100 86 88 73 72 93 68 07 103 89 7106 50 49 65 00 84 50 $9515 Value. $3,195,168 461,240 1,358,358 3,213,420 5,320,950 5,073,700 11,734,893 1,321,320 10,575,488 11,278,571 9,265.158 5,209,300 7,856,064 9,345,654 193,821. 6 589,310 6,329.632 7,778,524 2,583.848 1,861,562 363,320 504,700 266,170 2,654,652 1,184,418 425.949 1,776,500 201,760 65,000 2,028,000 $124,658,085 MILCH COWS. 147,600 $36 56 $.5,396,256 90,000 36 00 3,240,000 195,700 35 33 6.914,081 139,100 41 16 5,725,356 20,700 42 50 879,750 106,800 39 50 4,218,600 1,439,400 34 00 48,939,600 147,900 44 16 6,531,264 796,700 35 50 28,282,8.50 26,000 33 00 858,000 96,900 30 77 2,981,613 234,000 23 69 5,543,460 201,200 17 00 3,420,400 154,800 25 50 3,947,400 2.57,400 2193 5,644.78? 71,900 1511 1,086,409 177,000 19 85 3,573,450 180,100 2312 4,163,912 93,600 26 50 2,480,400 566,200 13 50 7,643,700 1.50,300 20 43 3,. 70, 629 247,700 2154 5,335,458 120,700 29 80 3,596,860 229,400 3013 6,911,822 405,200 23 26 9,424,952 710,900 30 45 21,646,905 453,000 30 73 13,920,690 786,400 32 18 25,306,352 350,700 33 32 11,681,992 425,900 28 00 11,919,600 182,400 30 08 5,486,592 537,300 28 16 1.5,330,368 214,000 28 94 6,193,160 45,800 30 96 1,417,968 270,000 43 44 11,728,800 70,000 32 95 2,306,500 8,500 39 00 331,500 225,000 33 50 7, .537, 500 10,575,900 $29 72 I $314,358,981 74 AGRICULTURAL B8TIMATBD TOTAL NUMBER AND TOTAL VALUE OF EACH KIND OE LITE STOCK, ETC.— Continued. SHEEP. Number. Average Price. Value. HOGS. Number. Average Price. Valuo. Maine New Hampshire. Vermont Massachusetts . . Rhode Island Connecticut New York New Jersey Pennsylvania... Delaware Maryland Virginia North Carolina.. South Carolina. . Georgia Florida Alabama Mississippi Louisiana Texas Arkansas Tennessee West Virginia . . Kentucky. Missouri Ll.inois Iniiaiia Ohio Michigan Wisci.nsin Minnesota.. Iowa Kansas Nebraska California Oregon Nevada The Territories. Total 413,800 230,800 604,000 74,900 27,900 83,200 2,100,300 125,900 1,691,000 27,300 129,410 386,900 293,200 135,000 253,500 32,900 186,200 167,000 73,500 1,239,600 160,300 372,400 561,600 824,600 1,437,300 1,394,300 1,913,900 4,639,000 3,418,000 1,153,100 151,400 1,768,000 123,000 30,600 4,002,600 534,800 15,000 2,200,000 S4 29 4 23 4 03 3 87 5 36 4 93 4 30 4 96 3 68 4 12 4 17 3 04 161 2 OS 162 2 03 193 1 85 2 00 1 80 2 19 193 2 67 2 89 2 05 3 20 2 83 3 02 2 89 2 83 3 08 2 42 2 45 2 81 2 97 2 76 3 00 2 90 ei,775,202 976,284 2,434,120 289,863 149,544 410,176 9,031,290 624,464 6,222,680 112,476 539,598 1,176,176 472,052 317,750 410,670 66,787 359,366 308,950 147,000 2,231,280 3.51,057 718,732 1,499,472 2,383,094 2,946,465 4,461,760 5,416,337 14,009,780 9,878,020 3,263,273 466,312 4,278,560 301,350 102,846 11,888,316 1,476,048 45,000 6,380,000 62,700 42,000 58,200 80,500 18,100 63,700 671,700 164,700 1,088,900 47,300 264,201 818,600 848,800 332,600 1,559,400 181,600 961,300 890,400 290,800 1,233,800 1,007,300 1,596,600 351,600 2,113,700 2,656,500 3Vr06.300 2,713,900 2,217,000 543,500 658,400 209,600 3,847,700 457,200 121,300 427,300 163,100 4.750 97,000 $9 90 11 75 9 56 13 47 12 00 13 13 8 31 9 25 8 12 5 75 6 30 3 67 3 08 4 66 3 00 2 70 3 10 2 98 3 93 2 90 2 58 3 38 3 58 3 19 2 40 4 30 3 61 4 57 4 52 4 67 5 03 4 47 5 30 5 51 6 11 4 16 7 50 7 75 $620,730 493,500 556,392 1,084,335 217,200 836,381 5,581.e27 1.523,475 8,841.868 271.975 1,664.460 3,004,262 2,614,304 1,549.916 4 678.200 490.320 2,980.030 2,653,392 l,142,t<44 3,578,020 2,753,634 5,396,508 1,258,728 6,74'.2,7u:'. 6,37:..6tl0 15,937.0! 'II 9,797,179 10,131,1)90 2,456,620 3,074,728 1,054,288 17,199,219 2,423,160 688,363 2,610,803 678.496 35,625 751,750 33,002,400 $2 96 $97,922,350 32,630,050 09 $133,729,61.": OEySTTS OF THE UNITED :^TA TKS. 75 CENSUS OF 1870. POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES. — GENERAL NATIYITT AND FOBIIGH PARENTAGE. [From the Report of the Superintendent of the Census.] STATES AND lUEEBITORIES. 1860. Total U. States. Xotal States Alabama Arkansas California Connecticut Delaware = Florida treorgia Dlinois Indiana Iowa .' Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts . . Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Nebraskai, Nevada New Hampshire. New Jersey New York North Carolina. . Ohio Oregon Pennslyvania . . Rhode 'island . . . South Carolina.. - Tennessee ■Texas Vermont Virginia West Virginia . . IVisconsia jotaJ Territories. Arizona Colorado Dakt/ta. Dist. »f Columbia. Idaho Montana New-Mexico Utah "Washington Wyoming 38,558,371 32,991,142 5,567,229 31,443,321 27,304,624 38,115,641 32,642,61 -i 5,473,029 31,183,744 27,084,592 996,992 484,471 .560,247 537,454 125,015 187,748 1,184,109 2,539,891 1,680,637 1,194,020 364,399 1,321,011 726,915 626,915 780,894 1,457.351 1,184 059 439,706 827,922 1,721,295 122,993 42,491 318,300 906,096 4,3?2,759 1,071,361 2,665,260 90,923 3,521,951 217,353 705,606 1,258,520 818,579 330,551 1,225,163 442,014 1,054,670 442,730 9,658 39,864 14,181 131,700 14,999 20,595 91,874 86,786 23,955 9,118 987,030 479,445 350,410 423,815 115,879 182,781 1,172.982 2,024.69:- 1.539. IC! ggo ;• 3i6,on; 1,2.57.61:1 665,088 571^,034 697,48;: i,:i04.o:i2 916,049 279,009 816,731 1,^99,028 92,245 23.690 288,689 717,1.53 3,244,406 1,068,-332 2,292.767 79..323 2,976,642 361,957 697.532 1,239,204 756,168 283,396 1,211,409 424.923 690,171 9.962 5.026 209,831 113,03;i !),!:>(; 4,967 11,127 515,19.^ 141,474 204,692 48.392 63,39^ 61,827 48,881 83,412 353,319 268,010 160,697 11,191 222,267 30,748 18,801 29,611 188,943 1,138,353 3,029 372,493 11.600 545,309 55,396 8,074 19,316 62.411 47,155 13,754 17,09* 364,499 964,201 435,450 379,994 460,147 112,216 140,424 1.0.57,286 1,711,951 1,350,428 674,913 107,206 1,155,684 708,002 628.279 687,049 1,231,066 749,113 172,023 791,305 1,182,012 28,841 6,857 326,073 672,035 3,880,735 992,622 2,339,511 52,465 2,906,215 174,620 703,708 1,109,801 604,215 315,098 1,219.630 376,688 775,881 951,849 431,850 233,466 379,451 103,051 137,115 1,045,615 1,387,308 1,232,144 568,836 94,515 1,095,885 627,027 590,826 609,520 970,960 600,020 113,295 782,747 1,021,471 22,490 4,793 305,135 549,245 2,879,455 989,324 2,011,262 47,342 2,475,710 137,226 693,722 1,088,575 560,743 282,355 1,201,117 360,143 498 '954 348,530 94,200 259,757 220,032 3,849 33,265 9,366 H5,446 7,114 12,616 86,254 56,034 18,931 5,605 5,809 6,599 4,815 16,254 7,885 7,979 5,620 30,702 5,024 3,513 34,277 4,8.37 75,080 31,611 3,063 62,596 93,516 40,273 11,594 86,793 27,519 8,450 4,1.38,697 4,099,152 12,.352 3,600 146,528 80,696 9.165 3,309 11,671 324,643 118,284 10^,077 16,691 59,799 80,975 37,453 77,529 260, 10« 149,093 58,728 8,558 160,541 6,351 2,064 20.938 122,790 1,001,280 3,298 328,^49 5,123 430,505 37,394 9,986 21,226 43,422 32,743 18,513 16,545 276,927 39,545 8,666 1,774 12,484 6,723 12,754 3,144 There should be added to this, in order to give the true population of the United States in 1870, 383,712 Indians not taxed, and under the Census Law not enumerated. Of these 111 18.5 wore in the States, and 268,024 in the Territories. The addition of Iheeomakes the true notiula jion of the United States in 1870, 38,942.083. * ' 76 OENSVS OF THE UNITED STATES POPFLATION OF ALL THE CITIES OF THE UNITED STATES. fThis table has been careftilly compiled from the census (official copy) of 1870. It embraces all the cities returned as such, -with a few that appear to have been omitted as cities distinctively. state.s and Cities. ilahanna. Eufaula Huntsville . . . Mobile Montgomery . Selma Talladega Tuscaloosa. - . Tnscumbia. . . Total Arkansas. Little Kock.. California. Los Angt. Marysvule Oakland Sacramento, San Diego San Francisco . . San Jose Stockton Total Honnecticut. Bridgeport Hartford "Middletown New Haven Norwich Waterbury . . . . Total Colorado. Denver Delaware. Wilmington Dist. of ColiiiTibia Georgetown Washington. Total Florida. Jacksonville . . - Pensecola St. Augustine. Tallahas.see . . . Total Georgia. Athens Atlanta Augusta Columbus Macon Milledgeville.- Rome Savannah Total Iduho. Boise City Idaho City.. Silver City . . Total Illinois. Alton Amboy Anna Aurora Belleville ... J'.loomington TSu.shneir Cairo, Canton Centralia ... (,'hampaigB. 0 Texas New Jersey Louisiana Maine Texa-s Maryland ■?! Missouri Mis.sissippi Rhode Island Delaware Florida Louisiana 22 South Carolina. . . Maine 94 Wisconsin Texas Arkansa-s Iowa Connecticut Arkansas California Xew Hampshire.. California 95 26 Michigan Arkansas Arkansas West Virginia — Kansas 27 99 California Delaware Rhode Island Minnesota Minnesota 30 Vermont "11 Florida Florida New Hampshire . ^9 Minnesota Kansas Rhode Island 33 Delaware Florida Del aware :i4 35 Nebraska 3b 37 Nevada ORDER OF TERRITORIES, 1870. District of Columbia, New Mexico, Utah, Washington, Montana, Idaho. Dacotah, Arizona, Wyoming. The census of Alaska has not been taken. ^ ^.-*s«, CENSUS OF THE UNITED STATES 79 POPULAXIOX OF STATES BY KACES. \\ hites. Alabama Arizona Arkansas 'California Colorado Connecticut Dakota Delaware District of Columbia. . . Florida Georgia Idaho Illinois , Indiana Iowa .--■ Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland 'Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada - - - New Haiupshire "New Jerssiy New Mexico New York North Carolina Ohio Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington Territory West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming 581,384 9,581 362,115 499,424 39,221 527,449 12,887 102,221 68,278 96,057 638,926 10,618 2,511,096 1,655,837 1,188,207 346,377 1,098,692 362,065 624.809 605,497 1,443,156 1,167.28-2 438,257 382 896 1,603,146 18,306 122,117 38,959 317,697 875,407 90,393 4.330,210 678,470 2,601,946 86,929 3,4"(i,ii09 212,219 289,667 936,119 664,700 86,044 329.613 712,089 22,195 424,033 1 051,351 8,726 Colored. 475,510 26 122,169 4,272 456 9,668 94 22, 794 43.404 91,689 545,142 60 28,762 24,500 5,762 17,108 222.210 364,210 1.606 175,391 13,947 11,849 759 444.201 118,07) 133 789 357 580 .30,658 172 52,081 391,6.i0 63,213 340 65,294 4,980 415,814 322,331 2.53,475 118 924 512,841 207 17,980 2,113 183 Indians. 31 89 7,241 180 239 1,200 15 2 4 47 . 32 240 48 914 108 569 499 4 151 4,926 690 809 75 157 87 23 23 16 1,309 439 1,241 100 318 34 154 124 70 379 175 14 229 1,319 1 1,206 66 Chinese. * Japanese:— Califoniia, 33 : Massachusetts, 10 ; New Jersey 10. COMPARATIVE INCREASE OF POPULATION. 31 08 .49,310 7 2 1 4,274 1 1 71 1 a 97 2 16 1,943 3,152 15 20 1 3,330 14 907 143 Census. 1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 1870 Population. 3,929,827 5,305,937 7,239,814 9,638,191 12.866,020 17,069,453 23,191,876 31,445,080 38,549,987 Increase. Per Cent. 35.02 36.45 33.13 33.49 32.67 35.87 35.58 22.59 AREA OF THE UNITED STATES. Acres. Total area of the public lands of the States and Territories 1,400,549,033 Total area of those States where there are no public lands 476,546,560 Area of Indian Territory 44,154,240 Area of District of Colimibia 38,400 Grand total of area of the United States, in acres 1 ,921,288,233 Or three millions two thousand and thirteen square miles. This does not include the 'area of the great lakes just within and forming a portion of our Northern boundary ■ neither does it include the marine league on the coast. 80 THE STATES OF THE VNION. o 'A p w O H < H o o S, o o ^ eg a. 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B o o-.o«ocscoTO'*^-^mrtU5CJoot-xco-HOCDm««ioe5mo(Mtoo5i"i-CJoom»-imo 1-1 C» r^ rs -I d ^ tH th ^!'i5C1005r-HO(?JlOO''^C::05MI-OaO'^05-^COOO':OCOt-M»nCO'*«COOOO-^ (?< o C. w : M 00- ■ M ^ I- ^ O ! ■T r: th — 1 « m C2Clt-OO«r-ir--^OC<-Hl0«»'»>C5«Q0 CO ir5 : 1-1 »-i iH lO-f O-HI-nT-l llt-WCJ T-lCO ■-rf'Oc;— iOcii^?c-^c^ooocoiQOO-^-^ooy5coCi'-iG^i-iwcz:»:Of-i-x»n'^ 00 »— ^co oc^ct t-mo^'^c('V'7:t--^'<9»nco--ioooit-iocor-icoeoocsT-icO'^o 3 in — 1 -^ CI oi ?^ (N o T-1 "-I »^ CI in in o CI Oi oi o: o Oi in CO CO cj in in o cw <^ »n cc r-i t- i^-T^o^t--^-H ao'OOc^ooiOiQOcooi~-c;(?JO-^coot^co-<_co coi-cot-'r— im-oo r-Tcfrn'T-T T-T rH",-r ■ i— {-.cD-^co-HoocotO'»j'ci3;ciCDcocQin(7*r-it^coinin!>tT-iininoiTO'-iinQO 00 t-i o in Oi t- "^ 1-1 (7J Qo in c* . lOODOl^-^CO — CIC^r-l-rini-CCCOTJ-HCO'-'C^OOrHOi i-H 00 «or3t-co=OT-i'»rm^int--omoOTooP5Trii~-c. ooc< 051J1C0 ^rHi-lor-C0C0T-(r-i-"C0;0(?(r-r-tl-^ _^ :. CO 10 o t~ o o o — 1 a> t~ cocooccr. CO o:i-ir~r-iioicoinc^t-c!^ocot^OrHinoi-^<5*co*^in'-oc< ci-fcoc^oin-vt^o^rjic^r-i ororo T mi-?ocoT-iOiCocoino»t-i— coo cowc«coco ooi-ic^too-^ro fWino5aicoc^Oi Ci co * ~ "' ~ 1-1 1-- o 05 -v o CO in --gi o cj 0"j "o o^ cr; CO o y : f' S o • . > B n! O oMa-S-S P cs a - iS 'C !-i S .« "* S ti -^ "^ t? S -^ '-^ « * S ? b- >■ te- -^ o M a •- --s R CO a 61 o4 oz. avoirdupois. * Prepayment of Union rates are optional. When not prepaid, double rates arc collected. DESTINATION. Africa, Spanish Possessions on Northeru Coast Austria Azores Balearic Isles Belgium Australia, except KTew South "Wales and Queensland, TJ. S. Mail Bermuda. Canary Lslauds , Costa Rica, direct Mail, via Aspinwall Cuba, direct Mail Denmark Egypt Faroe Islands Fiji Islands, direct, via San Francisco Finland France Germany Gibraltar, British Mail Great Britain Grand Duchy of Finland Greece Hayti, by direct Steamer Iceland : Island of Malta Island of Madeira Italy Japan, direct, via San Francisco Luxemburg Morocco — "Western Coast— Spanish Postal Stations Netherlands -. New Grenada, direct Mail Nicaragua, direct Mail Norway Panama, direct Mail Poland Portugal Roumania Russia Servia Shanghai, direct from San Francisco Spain St. Domingo, direct Steamer Sweden Switzerland Tangiers, via Spain Turkey "West Indies, direct Mail 11 i« CTS. *5 CTS. 2 8S RATSS OF POSIA6B. RATE^ OF POSTAGE.— Continned. Fr,I?h m'?uf)'ui,'*l'S'i?»rnm».'° ^r?"* ^"*'"? '''^°^- avoirdupois; to Frarco. and the continent (br rrvuca maus;, II IS 10 grammes, or ^ oz. avoirdupois. ♦Prepayment of Union rates are opUonal. When not prepaid, double rates are collected. ^ S DESTINATION. Africa, British Possessions on "West Coast, by British Mail. Argentine Confederation, U. S. Packet, via Brazil AnstraUa, New South Wales and Queensland Bolivia, British Mail, via Aspinwall Brazil, direct Mail British Columbia Bamiah, German Mail Burmah, British Mail, via Brindisi Buenos Ayres, TJ. S. Packet, via Brazil Canada Carthagena, New Grenada, Britiah Mail '. Cape of Good Hope, British Mail !..!.".' Curasoa, British Mail, via St. Thomas Ceylon, British Mail, via Southampton \ Ceylon, British ilail, via Brindi.si ., Gambia, British Mail, via Southampton Gold Coast, " " Guadaloupe, " pia St. Thomas Greytown, " " " Aspinwall G uiana, British, French and Dutch, via St. Thomas Guatemala, direct Mail, via Aspinwall Hawaiian Kingdom, direct Mail Hong Kong, Canton, Swatow, Amoy and Foo Chow, via San Francisco. India (Hindostan except Ceylon) British Mail Java, British Mail, via Southampton Liberia, British Mail, via Southampton Martinique,' St. Thomas [^^ Morocco, " " Mexico, by sea " overland New Fonndland New South "Wales, direct Mail New Zealand, " " Paraguay, U. S. Packet, via Brazil Peru, British Mail, via Aspinwall Porto Kico, British Mail, via St. Thomas.. Queensland, Southampton '." Salvador, direct Mail Sandwich Islands, direct Mail via San Francisco Si am, direct from San Francirco. SierraLeone. British Mail, t)»a Southampton St. Helena, " " Tripolis, Italian Mail Tunis, " " Turks Island, British Mail, via St. Thomas Uruguay, XJ. S. Packet, via Brazil Venezuela, British Mail, via St. Thomas "West Indies, British Mail, via St. Thomas ■' French Colonies, via France Zanzibar, British Mail, via Southampton " British Mail, via Brindisi ItalianAIail 3 8 I 1 '^ 1 CTS. *15 CTS. •23 12 17 15 3 *1- 10 23 3 13 *15 13 *21 *25 *15 *15 *13 4 13 13 10 6 10 *10 27 g ns 13 15 10 3 6 12 12 23 ^^ 1 13 15 ! 10 6 10 *15 *15 7 7 13 23 13 13 10 *15 *19 6 27 S BATES OF POSTAGE. 83 RATES OF DOMESTIC POSTAGE. LETTEHS. The •tandard single-rate weight is 3'2 ^^- avoirdupois. Single-rate letter, throughout the United States 3 cts. For each additional Jij oz. or fraction 3 " Drop letters, for local delivery, single rate.. 2 " Drop letters, where there is no local delivery, single rate 1 ot. Postal card, tliroxighout the United States 1 " Advsrtised letters are charged extra 1 " These postages must be prepaid by stamps. Letters are to be forwarded without additional charge, if the person to whom they are addressed has changed his residence, and has left proper directions to such effect. Letters uncalled for will be returned to the sender, if a request to that effect be written upon the envelope. Properly certified letters of soldiers and sailors will be forwarded without pre- payment. No extra charge is made for the service of carriers taking letters to or from the Post-offices. NEWSPAPERS. INSTKUCTIOKS IsSUBD BT the P06TMASTKR Gbnbral.— Moh. 3. 1875. — Th« following instructions have been approved by Postmaster General Jewell in relation to the prepayment of postage on papers and other printed matter, on and after Mch. 3, 1875, under the act of Fcl;. 8, 1875. Section 5 of said act di- vides the matter therein described into two classes, and fixes the rate of ]>08tng9 on each as folows : On all newspapers and periodicals issued weekly or ofteuer, two cents per pound, or a fraction thereof; and on all those issued less frequent- ly three cents per pound, or a fraction thereof. Under section 6, upon the receipt of such matter at the mailing office, properly assorted into the two classes, it must be prepaid (after deducting the weight of the sack) by special adhesive stamps, furnished by the Department for this purpose. Ordinary post- age stamps cannot be used for this purpose, nor can these stamps be used for any other purpose. Postmasters wiU make the following deductions for the weight of sacks, viz.: No. 1 jute sack, 2% Vas.; No. 2 jute sack, 2. lbs.; No. 1 cot- ton sack, 31.^ lbs.; No. 2 cotton sack, 2% lbs. On receipt of the postage the Postmaster will give a receipt from a book of blank forms furnished by the Department. The stamps will then be af&xed to the stub of the receipt, and canceled by perforating them with a punch, and the blank spaces in the stub be filled to correspond with the receipt. The stub books are to be kept per- manently in the office, to be ready to be produced whenever demanded by the Department. The Postmaster will render promptly at the end of each quarter, in blank forms furnished for the purpose, a statement of the postage collected from each publisher or news agent during the quarter. These special stamps will be charged to Postmasters, and accounted for in the same manner as ordi- nary postage stamps. Newspapers, periodicals, and circulars deposited in a letter-carrier's office for delivery by the office or its carriers, are subject to postage at the following rates : On newspapers, regular or transient, not exceeding one once in weight, one cent each ; on periodicals, regular or transient, not exceeding one ounce in weight, one cent each ; on periodicals, regular or transient, exceeding two onncee in weight, four cents each ; circulars unsealed, one cent ; weekly newspapers to transient parties, one cent for each ounce or fraction thereof. These rates must be prepaid by postage stamps affixed. Weekly newspapers to regular subscribers will be five cents per quarter. Under this section, county papers 84 RATES OF POSTAGE. pass by mail free to subscribers actually residing within the County, but when delivered at letter-carrier offices, or by a letter-carrier, they are subject to the rates of postage tixeil in tlie laws and regulations, page 67, section 158, namely: On publications not exceeding four ouuces in weight, issued less frequently than once a week, one cent for each copy, and when issued once a week, five cents additional per quarter, and tive cents additional per quarter for each issue more frequent thau once a week. An additional rate shall be charged for each ad- ditional four ounces or fraction thereof. These rates must be paid quarterly before delivery of STich matter, either at the office of mailing or delivery. When not so paid, postage must be collected ou delivery of each copy, at transient rates, viz : one cent for eac h ounce or fraction thereof The foregoing instruc- ' tions took effect on the third day of March, 1875, and continue in force until modified or superseded by the department. Registraiion. — Letterf3 may be registered on payment of a fee (;f ten cents, but the Government takes no responsibility for safe carriage or compensation in ease of loss. Registraiion Fee on Packages — Prepaid at letter rates, not over four pounds in weight, to any part of the United States, 10 cents for each package, in addition to the postage. The package must be en- dorsed on the back, with the name and address of the sender, and a receipt will be returned from the person to whom it is addressed. Money Orders. — All principal post-offices now receive small sums of money, and issue drafts for the same upon other post-offices, fcub- jcsct to the following charges and regulations. These Orders, payable at any Money Order Post Office in the country, are issued at the following rates: On orders notexceeeing $15 lOcte. Over $15 and not exceeding $30 - IS " Over $30 and not exceeding $40 20 " Over $40 and not exceeding $50 25 " " When more than $50 is required, additional orders must be obtained, but not more than three orders will be issued in one day to the same payee, at the same office. If a money order is lost, a certificate should be obtained from both the paying and issuing Postmaster that it has not been paid, ;-nd w:n not be paid, and the Department at "Washington ^vill issue another on application. If a money order is not collected within one year from date, it is iiiviilid, and can only be paid by the Department at Washington on aj.plication through the issuing or paying Postr.iaster. PRINTKD MA.TTKR TO THE BRITISH PROVINCES. The regular United States rates must be prepaid, but these only pay for transportation to the boundary line; a second fee is charged on delivery by the Provincial post-office. ACT OF JANUARY 27, 1873, ABOLISHING THE FRANKING PRIVILEGE. Be it enacted, AGAINST THE SAME, AND FOK OTHER PURPOSES. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Uni:^d States of America in Congress assembled, That in all cases where any oath, affirmation, or affidavit shall be made or taken under or by virtue of any act or law relating to the naturalization of aliens, or in any proceedings under such acts or laws, if any person or peraous taking or making such oath, affirmation, or affidavit, shall knowingly swear or affirm false- ly, the same shall be deemed and taken to be perjury, and the person or persons guilty thereof shall upon conviction thereof be sentenced to im- prisonment for a term not exceeding five years and not less than one • year, and to a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars. Sec. 2. — And be it further enacted, That if any person applying to be admitted a citizen, or appearing as a witness for any such person, shall knowingly personate any other person than himself, or falsely appear in the name of a deceased person, or in an assumed or fictitious name, or if any person shall falsely make, forge, or counterfeit any oath, affirmation, notice, affidavit, certificate, order, record, signature, or other instrument, paper, or proceeding required or authorized by any law or act relating to or providing for the naturalization of aliens ; or shall utter, sell, dispose of, or use as true or genuine, or for any unlawful purpose, any false, forged, ante-dated, or counterfeit oath, affirmation, notice, certificate, order, record, signature, instrument, paper, or proceeding as aforesaid ; or sell or dispose of to any person other than the person for whom it was origin- ally issued, any certificate of citizenship, or certificate showing any per- son to be admitted a citizen ; or if any person shall in any manner use for the purpose of registering as a voter, or as evidence of a right to vote, or otherwise, unlawfully, any order, certificate of citizenship, or certificate, judgment, or exemplification, showing such person to be admitted to be a citizen, whether heretofore or hereafter issued or made, knowing that such order or certificate, judgment or exemplification has been unlaw- fully issued or made ; or if any person shall unlawfully use, or attempt to use, any such order or certificate, issued to or in the name of any other person, or in a fictitious name, or the name of a deceased person ; or use, or attempt to use, or aid, or assist, or participate in the use of any certificstte of citizenship, knowing the same to be forged, or eount^rfCTt, or ante-dated, or luiowing the same to have J TSB NSW NATTIBALIXATION LAW 87 been procured by fraud, or otherwise unlawfully obtained ; or if any person, without any lawful excuse, shall knowingly have or be possessed of any false, forged, ante-dated, or counterfeit certificate of citizenship, purporting to have been issued under the provisions of any law of the United Slates relating to naturalization, knowing such certificate to be false, forged, ante-dated, or counterfeit, with intent unlawfully to use the same ; or if any person shall obtain, accept, or receive any certificate of citizenship known to such person to have been procured by fraud, or by the, use of any false name, or by means of any false statement made with intent to procure, or to aid in procuring, the issue of such certificate, or known to such person to be fraudulently altered or ante-dated ; or if any person who has been or may be admitted to be a citizen shall, on oath or affirmation, or by affidavit, knowingly deny that he has been so admitted, with intent to evade or avoid any duty or liability imposed or required by law, every person so offending shall be deemed and adjudged guilty of felony, and, on conviction thereof, shall be sentenced to be imprisoned and kept at hard labor for a period not less than one year nor more> than five years, or be fined in a sum not less than three hundred dollars nor more than one thousand dollars, or both such punishments may be imposed, in the discretion of the court. And every person who shall knowingly and intentionally aid or abet any person in the commission of any such felony, or attempt to do any act hereby made felony, or counsel, advise, or procure, or attempt to procure the commission thereof, shall be liable to indictment and punishment in the same manner and to the same extent as the principal party guilty of such felony, and such person may be tried and convicted thereof without the previous conviction of such principal. Sec. 3. — And he it further enacted, That any person who shall know- ingly use any certificate of naturalization heretofore granted by any court, or which shall hereafter be granted, which has been, or shall be, procured through fraud or by false evidence, or has been or shall be issued by the clei-k, or any other officer of the court without any appearance and hearing of the applicant in court and without lawful authority ; and any person who shall falsely represent himself to be a citizen of the United States, without having been duly admitted to citizenship, for any fraudulent purpose whatever, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof in due course of law, shall be sentenced to pay a fine of not exceeding one thousand dollars, or be imprisoned not exceeding two years, either or both, in the discretion of the court taking cognizance of the same. Sec. 4. — And he it further enacted, That the provisions of this act shall apply to all proceedings had or taken, or attempted to be had or taken, before any court in which any proceedmg for naturalization shall be commenced, had, or taken, or attempted to be commenced ; and the courts of the United States shall have jurisdiction of all offeosee under 58 TEE yEW NATURALIZATION LAW the provisions of this act, in or before wtateoever court or tribunal tb© eame shall have been committed. Sec. 5. — And be it further enacted, That in any city having upward of twenty thousand inhabitants, it shall be the duty of the judge of the •ircuit court of the United states for the circuit wherein said city shall be, upon the application of two citizens, to appoint in writing for each election distriijt or voting precinct in said city, and to change or renew said appointment as occasion may require, from time to time, two citiz(^i? resident of the district or precinct, one from each political party, who, when so designated, shall be, and are hereby, authorized to attend at all times and places fixed for the registration of voters, who, being registered, would be entitled to vote for represeuiutive in Congress, and at all times a,nd places for holding elections of representatives in Congress, and for counting the votes cast at said elections, and to challenge any name pro- posed to be registered, and any vote offered, and to be present and witness throughout the counting of all votes, and to remain where the ballot boxes are kept at all times after the polls are open until the votes are finally counted: and said persons or either of them shall have the right to aflSx their signature or his signature to said register for purposes oi identification, and to attach thereto, or to the certiticate of the number oi votes cast, any statement touching tlie truth or fairness thereof which they or he may ask to attach , and any one who shall prevent any person 60 designated from doing any of the acts authorized as aforesaid, or who shall hinder or molest any such person in doing any of the said acts, or shall aid or abe( in preventing, hindering or molesting any such person in respect of any such acts, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and on convic- tion shall be punished by imprisonment not less than one year. Sec. 6. — And be it further enacted, That in any city having upward of twenty thousand inhabitants, it shall be lawful for the marshal of the United States for the district wherein said city shall be, to appoint aa many special deputies as may be necessary to preserve order at any elec- tion at which representatives in Congress are to be chosen ; and said deputies are hereby authorized to preserve order at such elections, and to arrest for any offence or breach of the peace committed in their view. Sec. 7. — And be it further enacted, That the naturalization laws are hereby extended to aliens of African nativity and to persons of African descent. ' Approved, July 14, 1870. mFFERENOS IN TIME— CITIES OF THE WORLD— TEMRITOBIAh. DIFFEEENCE OF TIME. When it is 12 o'clock at uoon at New York City, it will be morning at aU places west of New York, and afternoon at all places east, as in the annexed table. Places "West. Acapulco, Mexico Auburn, Ifew York. . Au gusta , Ga Baltimore, Md Burlington, N. J Buffalo, N.Y Charleston, S. C Chicago, 111 Cincinnati, O Columbus,. O Dayton, O Detroit, Mich Dover, Del Swing Harbor, O. T. . . Ft. liwaveu worth, Kan GaK-.jRton, Texas Geneva, N. Y , U arri.sburg. Pa Ho lolulu, S.I Buntsville, Ala Indianapolis, Ind , .Jackson, Miss Jeli'ersou, Mo Key "West, Fla Knoxville, Tenn 16148 50! 12 28:28 49138 56i34 40!24 36 22 6i 2 18 16 23 52 19; 20 23|54 54 4 38l 9 371 8 36158 47 53 48 44 24' 8 8 16 11 44 55,32 47 32 28 54 20:28 Places West. Little Rock, Ark Louisville, Ky Mexico, Mex Miiledgeville, Ga Milwaukee, Wis Mobile, Ala Monterey, Mex Monterey, Cal Nashville, Tenn Natchez, Miss Newark, N. J Newbern, N. C New Orleans, La Norfolk. Va Pensacola, Fla Peter.sbnrg, Va P!.iiladelpliia,Pa Pitts-burg, Pa Poiut Hudson. W. T.. Princeton, N. J Racine, Wi.s Raleigh, N. C Richmond, Va Rochester, N. Y Sacketts Harbor, N.Y. 1047 10 1 14 10!19 11122 111 4 14 48 111 8 10i50 11 59 11 47 1056 11150 11 8 lll46 11155 1135 7 45 11 46 11 44 1152 Places West. Sacramento, Cal St. Augustine, Ma St. Louis, Mo St. Paul, Minn San Antonio, Texas. . . •?an Diego, Cal San Francisco, Caj. . . Santa Fe, N. Mex Santa Cruz, W. I Savannah, Ga Scarboro liar. W. T Springfield, HI Tallahassee, Fla Tampico, Mex Toronto, C.W Trenton, N.J Tuscaloosa, AJa ITtica, N. T Vera Cruz, Mex Vincennes, Ind Washington, D. C Wheeling, W. Va Wilmington, N.C Wilmington, Del Torktown, Va H. 8 56 11 29 10 55 10 43 10 22 9 7 8 46 9 51 8 48 11 31 8 37 10 57 11 17 10 24 11 38 11 .57 11 5 11 55 10 31 11 6 11 47 11 33 11 43 11 54 11 49 FLACKS EAST Albany, N.Y Augusta, Me Bangor, Me Berlin, Prus Bo.ston, Mass Constantinople, Tur. . Dublin, Ireland Edinburgh, Scotland. Fredericton, N. B AFTER- NOON. M.l 8. l| 6 16 44 26:56 49 1 39 11,50 52I 30 42 43i21 !29 4 PLACES EAST. Halifax, N.S Hamburg, Germany, Hartford, Conn. . Loudon, England Lowell, Mass Middletown, Conn. . Montreal, L. C New Haven, Conn. AFTER- NOON. H. M. S. 41 38 5 35 58 5 21 4 55 41 10 48 5 28 1 44 4 23 PLACES EAST. Paris, France Portland, Maine Providence, R. I Quebec, Canada Rome, Italy St. Petersburg, Rus Stockholm, Sweden. Vienna, Austria AFTER- NOON. n.lM. s. 5 5 26 15 10 0|l0 25 Oil 5 1 45 .59 6 57 IS 6 8 18 6 137 THE CITIES OF THE WORLD. Cities. Population.] |Citie6. Population. Cities. Population. Cities. Population London 3 Paris 1 Con stantin'plel New York 1 Vienna 1 Peking 1 Canton 1 Tokio Bombay Foo-Chow Berlin Yedo (new) St. Petersburg Philadelphia.. Macao Moscow Han-kow .... Kin-Kiang Ningpo ... 254,260 ,794,:itU] 07.5, (JOO ,046,037 ,001,999 ,000,000 ,000,000 800,000 644,405 800,000 920,000 780,621 667,926 667.926 625,000 611,970 600,002 600,000 500,000 Liverpool . 493,405 Broo'- hn . 484,616 Glasgow 477,144 Naples.... . 448.743 Calcutta 447,600 Amoy . 400,000 Manchester. . . .351,189 Madras . 397,522 Brussels 365,404 Che-Foo. . 350,000 Cairo . 349,883 Binningham.. - .343,787 Hamburg 338,974 Marseilles . 312.804 St. Louis 310,864 Madrid - 298,426 Lyons 284,175 Bangkok Lucknow 350,000 . 300,000 Shanehae 300,000 Nanking 300,000 Saikio 300,000 Chicago 298,977 Amsterdam.. . 277,765 Lisbon 275,286 Rio de Janeiro. 274,972 Baltimore 267,354 Leeds.. 359,212 Boston 253,924 Warsaw 251,584 Mexico 315,596 Milan 261,976 Dublin 345,722 Rome 244,484 Sheffield 239,946 Bucharest 221,150 Palermo 219,938 Cincinnafi 218.900 Alexandria... Breslan : Turin Peeth Havana Copenhagen. Barcelona.... Edinburgh... Bordeaux New Orleans Bristol Bu'nosAyrea Monte Video Dresden Belfast Munich Florence Odesea .212,054 207,997 207,776 201,911 200,000 180,866 252,0 IS 196,. 500 194,056 184,688 182,552 180,000 180,000 177,089 174,394 169,793 167,093 162,8 i4 TERRITORIAL GOVERNMENTS. Territories. Capitals. GOVEENOBS. Territories. Capitols. GOVBENOBS. Arizona A)a.ska D,ikna Hist. i;ol'bia J,1.-,1io indiaii.; Tucson .Sitka Y:iiicton VVa.shiugton. -RoUc ... . Tihlequah.. A. P. K. Safford. Brig. -Gen. J. C. Davis. lohn i. Pf^unington. Commissloner.s. n,-i\i(lP. Trouip.<:o!i. I.ewi.q Downing. Montana .n a> c< 00 c< >o o> t-> lo r- in v> ini^m oooinrsO'^eoas oj to to coco tot- 1- o t-^'v m co_»rt^TH_*-^^ oooDcir-rt-'irroo't-r o» i- 00 .-I 00 ej t-mQ0T)>CO O CI CO m O CO o Iff 00*" '^'" ocT irT r-^ to ^J« CO CO 00 ^1* 1-H 00 ^ •'f IC T-< -^ 05 CDOOIO 00 CO o T-1 a> in 05 i-c m o o O ( pv_*<;_^ir3cjirjO(>Jc3000^a»00 5 o^o coio-'j'cor-oooo'^oo '^ o'"t-'cD"vn"o'"c^'co"o"o'o'"»rro'cr rr-oooDcococ^coiocoiO'^mt^ 3(?^C5C5CO^^»r5 0OCO-»3«iX'Q0CC^ oooooooo oooooooo •uot^Biudoj ^u9J9qpv lOlOOICOQOOOt^ ooooooooooooooooo oocoooooooooooooo OOOi-OOOOOOOOOOOOOO o o ic ^- ci uo lo c*~o'oro"'^"o'cro'o'irr o^cocoiocJODcbinicmr'OOoeoc* CO ■» in CO CO (H m r-l-^tNCirn oo o oo ooo o o coooenm o »-lrHO< •e9qBi.i'B O^ O O I- CO CO O: O c •^ iM r^ J a! 2 TS a) +^ t>-.^ ' ,^ _. >_ ^ OSCOOTjf^-CO-^rHin^-t^f-lO-^OOO o f- >-i CO (N ■«■ CO T Ti« m e«^t-r-» •n9vaSiS 913 , CO-'S'OCOi-f^'VOO o It- O 09 CO TT C7i m o -^ 00 OOin 00 (NC»CO_!N t~-_ l-^noor^cir^noi i-T oO'Ti-rtcoincot-t-otoc - -50CD.-iOi(T»o-. oocrst-t )_i-i inT-iinin"vrH'^cx)c in of o<-iaoocD.-iOi(T»o-. oocrst-oiao'j' rH CO ( •07s>'ajp,^aij9d !cd co ao •>>■ eo -ng 'sdoqBig | '"'~' °* •Bdoqstqqojrv" 2 00 00 4< CO ^00 • in m -<1 a 5.2-2 <0 (»^ CO cs 3- (» ■^'^ -iz S* iftiS ai-lrK „ C3 CD _ M o 'S r' -'" - - ~ Po_"^ 1774. . ■ ■: Boston closed by British Parliament a ..Sept. 5— Till- tir.sl Cdutinental Con-r Carpenter'sllall, Philadelpihiai...'.B«ciar M I i ' i^nitil Rights issued — Aliril— Tea liiiiown- n-s . rt- :ii'1 .n Xew" York Harbor. . , .Dec^ . 25— Srilisli! tea ship 't'orblddi-'n' th land at rhili(,d.aipliia. H ■ . . ,.i Uii ' ii •0- ' ' . ■ . ■ ., . .1775. ■•'■:.!•. >,'-■'•! .\pril. 19— Battle of Lexington, Mahs.; iind 'bogirifiiilc:-'6f the War ui' ludeijondenue May liJ— Fort ''l'ic■■■■'■ March 17— The British evacuate Boston. . . .Amerlgans drivejl out ol' Canada...; July 4-*eclal-a«io'h '(A-rndy- iiltry 1778. Feb. 6-»Treaty of alliance with France. . . .May fr— Paroa Steuben created a nlaior-general in .\mprican armv. . . . June 18— Howe's army evacuates PhiUulelpliia, andiS- treats towards New York... 28— .Xttaeked bv Aiiierit-anail on the plfiins of Monmouth, and retreat.- ayainij).. . .faljti) 8— A French fleet arrives in the Delaware. i.^.'SO^Aionvi gress meets in Philadelphia Shoes worth iSJUO^a pair-' in the earohlias....Aiig. 12— French. ajidEaglishfleetsi' disabled in a storm off Rhode Island 29— Battle 'dfii Rhode island. . . . Wyouiiim Vaiiev pillaged by Tories and Indians. . . .Nov. 3— French tieet .i,iils:f!'. down HorsjCJiOck Hill -Mav U-T-Briti,^h advgnr'e toi < Charleston, to'. C.,' but reUeat ^it the upproui-li .it iion:rI.» Lineolu. .'. .Tuheu— PaU'ick Jleni-y ai';; J iiue— -NorloiB; - Va.'j biu;nt b.V tlie Bjuti.-jh. . Juu.i'^iJ—Amiirioaiis repulseiJiVl 'at .^tune T;eny,. .,. ,July— Kcw.Un v^'n,.i,'t., pluBdered, andtl* Bast Ha'vL'U, .Fairfield aiwl KonvaJk :'iu?ned,:, Stwfly . . Point, on' the Hudson, captured liv tin- .Americans So;;i. 2J— J'.iul Jones, dnttu' Bon lioiiiiiia Riehfifti! Oajia '.' ■ r:i'i,sli, sljip .^ei'ai.is ...(Jet. .9— Kcipulse otitCi '. .' UM-.rieau.-, and cl.-.illi .if L'.iiuit i'lilaski.^.u-t'"! L, ,;,:-.. .il ,.i Briti!shu!K.i>:> troin Jlliode (slaiicU'.-'.i.iil Gen. SnUiNar. eliustj.-es tin-, i-i.v >;aUoiis Dec. 2.T-^Sir,iA Hehry Clinton, wiih hi.s lon-e-, saiis, t..i' tlie South. J. vni \\,:ishi'ugtua in, VTiutvr ijuart. rsat Morristown, :>«■>. ■'ni>'. ■ V^, : . ■ - : --id! W'.i I iti *.;i -eiij.i Biiniii DiEaUi to aid tho Patiii:itsiiti.-.i the I !:• r,!,.;-. . IVli, 1 lT-i.;iiutoii',s tr.i,ioiir, laud beloWiti! (:h,i':( -iua. , ..Ma.v IL'— rfun-riider of ('l)*irle«loU. j. •SUb-'X!' jagaiMii ot .Suiitli I 'aniliiia . .liep. Gates marches South and is.de^er^ted hy t Im Biitasli, ai,!J*n>iid(en,ii»viC.%i-Uig. 16<1 "arbftDeKa^kiU'd. ., .B):ilisliaaaiBt.laBdin>Jei'.sey.;au(l^iii ttenVptto capture Wa-!iiiiut.iii's stores at JloTristowil^fiHi ut are repulsed at Spriir^lield, June 2:',. .ti.l\- 10— .Ar- rival .tt aFrenf.-!) tlpet.atKl ti,(X«).tioop.i, under the Ci>unj;f'. (Ic Ri.ichambt;a#^i;^t Jslewpurl, R., I Sept. 22— Arnolv>UJil Si.iiith Carolina. .. .'New London. Ct., burnt by .ii-U .. Arnold,, in , -tlie BxiUs.li;6er;vice,:C0uimitS!T I:. lions in Virsuiia, .,-.,Aug.-T-!Cori(walUs;;toii'titie(i'; I'i II at Vorktov.n.'. . .'Arnold devastates the New ii i eou.st Si pt.2S— ^ya^'liilgton;a ;oie Y.irktoivh.;-.,.0,ct. 13.^aHrrejider pi itiwu-i 'o-i ,: ■ '. .ri.iouiu M?hichsecuri(;stlia ul.tiB(iatii>triuiuf»h>Joi| Poc-'i.iuiljeanren!aia,.iiH.Viii^jmai>it>!-.i into \\ inter fle r^h, and le iUidM..ii, .;, ■ ; . .,,.,,,•■ .,^,,1. ;.,,_,. . ; 17i2- , ::..!.• . --. -- _ from^^iInii:j.ii,i,.?u, .-!. C, a; the ajiproaoli of.'o-!- uarters at Mornslown, reeeive.-) 24,00U' muskets frObii Gen. St. Clair . . .Clinton and Ins a.ruiv bloekadid in NeW'iiU trance Cou,gress returns toi PliiJadelfihia. '. ..\prU^I York by Washiut4ton. . . Manli 4— British Ilou-e m Coiu- 3ritisa burn. Daubury, Ct May— Amerieans destr^v'^iions resolves to end the \var. . -.ftlay 5— Arrivad of tein'l 3riti,sh stores, at Sag Harljor, L. I. - June oU— .>^ritiKhlGuy Caf^elio.p, 1;o treat; lor pci^co July 11— BrUirfii,r,'W isse,Srfrom Jersey to Sttitbn iHlahd. .. .JnlV 10— .i'v-a'cuate'Savaunah . .First war. shipebnsirneted in tlieif'iA t',BritJ3ii Gen. Preswttir. Ivhodeilsland byCol United States a tPortsinontb, N, U,.. ..John A, J<.iin,i"i->h Vm. Barton. ... July5—Buiyoy3»e takiistlrcfwn Pointaild,.T.'iv. ]>r Br njaniin Fr.inklin. Tboanas JeiKr,-on «nd-iisuu "iconderoga — 31— Lalavette commissioned a niaior i flenrs Laurms ai'iiointod by tlie I'jiiteil States, Coiiimis- eneral, and introduced to \' ashlnetou ii; I'tuLi ! 'i hi i . -ioneivsiu i-ouelude a tnaty ot iieaco.vvitliGreiit.BritaiiWfRl, Lug. 3 Aug, i 16— Battle oi; Beiitiingtun • ';' i' . pour of theui meet Kiiuli.-li eouwi;!s.-ii;n— Briti-.h Gejb fS'wamiJ Fox") di.-Nliaiids bis brij^e. owe ipiirtmes to Philadelphia.. »hn\ cncani])sa 1 1 ;enna'lx-t ' own — Octw 4— Washington attac' ian*own^...,Burgoyneadvances1;„ K.«. .,,w.,i ,. . .-vr-irrrr ., -^i o ender of Burgoyne aiidhis whole Armv to <;en .'-it, . 'r('.'it\''o'r pfeafce...'.-4- ctssifioTi'of lio>tiliues proolaiui«i(oiiflK tSaratoga,>Ii.\,,,.2S-rB8«tae.ot'RedBft'nk,on I'i I,'f,\ iro m tile army Feb. 5— -inieriean linlei)eiiaen,jrv. i/!'oiii'ta acts, the cueme at Ge'r-f ' Jiji^BAilk 'lif Is'orta Amci'A^^a ape^m idp P;ljil*.ii^pUia ««t stoSarrto-'u. . r-Sar,' ' .Jati.'_?Q-7Fi:f^i;iV,flyu4vS'.'''olJ^ conimiSfiiolieri si^nA— tf\ 98 CHRONOLOGY. independenrn aoknowlcdRrd hr Great Britain June 19— Society ol 1 lip Cincinnati Idinud by officers ot the army at Newburg Nov. 3— Lnited Status army lonn- ally disbanded . 25— New York City evacuated by the British, and General Washington at head ot American army, entered the city. .26— Congress a.s.'sombles at Annapolis, Mri .Dec. 4 — Washington takes leave of nis comrades-in-arms. New York Citj' . . .Dec. 23 — Washing- ton resigns liis commission to Congress Slavery abolished in Massachu.setts The parties known as Federali.-its and Anti-Federalists originated. 1784. First voyage of an American ship to China from New York. .New York Chamber ot Commerce founded Jan. 4— Treaty ot Paris ratified by Congress. 1785. John Adams, first American ambassador to England, has an audience with the King First Federal Congress organized in New York. 1786. Shay's insurrection in Ma.s.sachusetts. 1787. May 26— A convention to amend articles of Confedera- tion composed ot delegates Irom all the States except Rhode Island, met in Philadeliiliia. Federal constitution formed and submitted to ('ongress Sept. 28. . .Julj' — Northwestern Territory, embracing the present Statesof Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin estab- lished. 1788. Quakers of Philadelphia emancipate their slaves. 1789. March 4 — Federal Constitution ratified by the requisite number of States, and becomes the organic law of the Republic... March 11— Philadelphia incorporated as a city . . .April 6— Washington cho.sen the first Presidentof the United States, and John Adams Vice-President 30 — Washington inaugurated at the City Hall, Wall Street, New York Departments of Treasury, War and For- eign Affairs created, and a national judiciary established Nov. 21— North Carolina adopts the Constitution. 1790. District of Columbia ceded to the United States by Marj'land and Virginia April 17— Death of Benjaminj Fi-anklin May 29— Rhode Island adopts the Constitu- tion, being the last of the original thirteen States to do so. I Aug 12— Congress adjourns in New York, and, Dec. 6,j meets in Philadelphia First census of the United States; population 3,929,326 Territory South-west of the Ohio established. A United States ship circumnavi- gates the globe Troubles with the Indians, which con- tinue until '94 The Anti-Federalists become known as the Republican party. I 1791. Feb. 18— Vermont admitted as'a State City of Wash- ington founded First bale of cotton exported to Eng- land since the war. 1792. April 2— Act past establishing United States Mint at Philadelphia... .June 1— Kentucky admitted as a State Washington and Adams re-elected — June 21 — Philadelphia and Lancashire Turnpike Company Char- tered, Road opened in 1795— the first turnpike in the United States. 1793. Cotton-gin invented by Eli Whitney. 1794. Congress appropriates $700,000 to establish a navy. In surrection among the Dutch in Western Pennsylvaniaon account of duties on distilled liquor John Jay ap- pointed Envoy Extraordinary to England to settle dis- putes between the two Governments. 1795. Treaty with Western Indians. . .Yellow-fever pestilence in New York Oct.— Treaty with Spain. 1796. June — Tennessee admitted as a State — Credit of thi- Government re-established, and all disputes with foreign powers, except France, adjusted — Sept.— Washington issues a farewell address. 1797. John Adams inaugurated President; Thomas Jefl'erson Vice-President. . . .Envoys appointed to adjust difficulties with France are refused an audience with the French Directory. 1798. Preparations for hostilities with France July- Washington again appointed Commander-in-chief of the Army Navy Department created, with Benjamin Stoddart of Maryland, as Secretary French Directory make overtures for peace. 1799. Jan.— Lafayette returns to France Feb. 26 — Three Envoys proceed to France to negotiate for peace Dec. 14— Washington dies at Mount Vernon, aged 68 year*. 1800. Removal of the Capital from Philadelphia to Washing- ton May— Formation of Mississippi Territory Sept. 30— American Envoys to France conclude a treaty with Napoleon Bonaparte. 1801. March 4— Thomas Jefferson inaugurated President. . . . Tripoli declares war against the United States U.S. Navj' Yard at Philadelphia established. 1802. .\pril — Ohio admitted as a State... Yellow Fever ravages Philadelphia. 1803. April— Louisiana purchased from the French, and divi- ded into Territory of New Orleans and District of Loui- siana. ..Alien and sedition laws passed Amendment > to the •-onstitutiou adopted Com. Preble sails lot Tripoli V. S. frigate Philadelphia captured by tin- Trlpolitans. 1804. Lewis and Clarke start on an exploring expedition ii)) the Missouri and down the Coluinbia River to the Pacilic Ocean Feb. 15— Lieut. Decatur burns the Philadelpliiii in the harbor of Tripoli Middlesex canal, first in the United States, completed J'uly 12— Alex. Hamilton killed ir a duel by Aaron Burr Aug.— Com. Preble bombards Tripoli. . .June 3 — The Pa.sha ..Yellow-fever pesti- Michigan created into aTerritorj'. ot Tripoli makes terms of peace, lence in New York. 1807. May 22 — Beginning of trial of Aaron Burr on a charge of treason, Richmond. Va. ; Sept. 15, acquitted : recom- mitted, but never tried. .. .Robert Fulton navigates the Hudson in a steamboat. . .June 22— The (.'liesapeitke f.ied upon by the British ship Leopard . Retaliatory meas- ures between England and France cripple the American .shipping trade abroad .Congress decrees an embargo, which detains all vessels, both American and foreign, in port. 1809. March 1— Congress repeals the embargo on .~liipping, and at the same time passes a law forbidding all com- mercial intercourse with England or France until their obnoxious restrictions on commerce .shall be removed. . March 4— James Madison inaugurated President. 1811. Congress refu.ses to recharter the Bank of the United States — Nov. 5— Battle of Tippecanoe^General Harri- son defeats the Indians. 1812. June 19— The President formally declares war against Great Britain General Dearborn appointed Com- inander-inchief. . New England States threaten to se- cede. .. July 12— Gen. hull crosses the Detroit River to attack Fort Maiden. Canada . . 17— Fort Mackinaw cap- tured by British and Indians . . Aug. 7— Hull retires from Canada ..13— The Essex, Captain Porter, captures the Alert — first vessel taken from the British in that war — 16— Surrender of Detroit to British .' Several skirm- ishes on the frontiei . . 19— U S. irigate Constitution, Commodore Isaac Hull, captures and burnsthe Guerriere. ...Oct. 18— U S. sloop Wasp, Capt. Jones, captures the Frolic, and both are taken by the British ship Poictiers 25 — U S. frigate United States, Com. Decatur, captures the Macedonian Dec. 28— The Constitution, Com. Bainbridge, makes a prize of the British frigate Java — April 8— Louisiana admitted as a State. 1813 Jan. 22— British Gen. Proctor defeats the Americana at Frenchtown , prisoners and wounded massacred by the Indians. . .Admiral Cockburu destroys shipping in the Delaware and '•avages the Southern coast. . New England coast blockaded by Com. Hardy .f^eb. 21— Battle ot Ogdensburg, NY March 4 — Second inaugu- ration of President Madison .. .Successful delense of Forts Meigs and Sandusky . . April— Americans capture York (now Toronto^. .May— Fort George taicen . June 1— U. S. frigate Chesapeake surrenders to the Shannon (British;; Capt James Lawrence— (" Don't give uji the ship 1 "J — mortally wounded and dies June o... General Dearborn succeeded by Gen. Wilkin.son . . Aug 30— Ma.s- sacre by Creek Indian's at Fort Minims, Alabama River — Generals Andrew Jackson and Coftee prosecute the war against the Indians . .Sept. 10— Battle of Lake Erie —Com. Perry defeats and captures the British Fleet. . . 28 or 29— Americans take possession of Detroit. .. Oct. 5 — Battle of the Thames. Americans, under Gen. Harri- son, almost annihilate the British, under Proctor Ti- cumseh killed . Termination ol the war on the North- west boundary. . .12— Americans compelled to abandon Fort George. British and Indians surprise and capture Fort Niagara and burn Buffalo and several otherviilages and towns Power loom introduced in the United States. 1814. March— The Essex taken by British ships Phoebe and Cherub. . . .Gen. Wilkinson repulsed on Canadian frontier and superseded by (Jen. Izard" . May 5— British attack Oswego and withdraw 7 . July 3— Fort Erie captured 4— Battle of Chippewa; British defeated. .. .25— Bat- tle ot Niagara ; British again defeated. . Aug. 9-12— Com. Hardy makes an unsuccessful attack on Stonington Aug. 15 — Repulse of assault on Fort Erie 24 — Ross de- feats the Americans at Bladeusburg, and on the same CHRONOLOGY. 99 day captures the City of Washington, burning the Capi- tol, White House and other buildings 25— British re- treat to their ships Sept. i2-li— Unsuccessful uttack on Baltimore; Gen. Ross killed Sept, 13— Key composes "The Star-Spangled Banner." Sept. 15— British at- tack on Mobile repulsed. .. Sept.— Com. McDonough's victory on Lake Champlain. The British land forces under Prevost, are defeated at Plattsburgh, N. Y Americans destroy Fort Erie, and Nov. 5 go into Winter quarters at ButTalo Nov. 7— Gen. Jackson .storms and captures Pensacola, Fla., and leaves for Mobile 9 15— Harttord Convention— Federalists oppose the vfar, and thnaten a .seces.sion of the New England States Dec. -'—iJen Jack.son arrives at New^ Orleans 24— Treaty of peace with Great Britain signed at Ghent. 1815. Jan. &— Battle of New Orleans.... 15— U. S. ship Presi dent captured by the Endymion Feb. 17— Treaty ol i;iieut ratiticd and peace proclaimed March 23— The Jliirnet cajitajres the Penguin War with Algiers ... Com. Decamr humbles the Mediteranean pirates April 6— Massacre of American prisouers at Dartmoor, England. 1816. Congress charters a new United States Bank Indi- ana admitted as a State The Republican party in N. Y. City adopt, for the first time, the title of Democrats. 1817 10— President Jackson issues a proclamation, denying the right of any State to nullify any act of the Federal Government — The Morse system oJ electro-magnetic telegraphy invented. 183.S. Tariflf dispute settled by the passage of Henry Clay'.s bill March 4— President Jackson inaugurated for a second term — He rmoves the public funds from the Bank of the United States ...Widespread commercial distress — Opponents of Andrew Jackson flrstcall them- selves the Whig Party... .Oct. 14— Political riots in Phil- adelphia. 1834. Cholera again rages in New York. 1835. War with Seminole Indians, led by Osceola, in Florida . .Texas declared independent Nov. 15— Great Are in New York — Democrats first called "The Locofooo Par- ty.". . . .July 12— Negro riots in Philadelphia. 1836. The Creeks aid the Seminoles in their war Arkansas admitted as a State — National debt paid off March 29— Pennsylvania newly incorporates the Bank «f the United States. 1837, Jan. 25— Michigan admitted as a State.... March 4— Martin Van Buren inaugurated President The banks suspend specie payment; panic in business circles. James -Monroe maugurated President. .. .The United'.Manv Americans as.-iist the Canadian in.surgents The States suppresses piratical estabhshments in Florldaisteamboat Caroline burnt by the Biitish, near Schlosser and Texas . . . Trouble with the Seminole and Creek Indi-!east of Niagara, on United States Territory. ana — Dec— Mississippi admitted as a State July 4.— i 1838. Erie Canal begun. Proclamation by the President against American citi- ^ , , ,^ lol?; . zens aiding the Canadians... The steamship Sirius, the Gen. Jackson pursues the Indians into Florida, takes first to make the Western transatlantic passage arrives Pen.sacola and banishes the Spanish authorities and'at New York from Cork,Ireland, and is followed on the troops — Aug. 24— Centre foundation of present Capitol : "' " - . - laid at Washington, D. C Dec— Illinois admitted as a ' state. 1819. Florida ceded by Spain to the United States Steam- er, named the Savannah, first crossed the Atlantic. First lodge of Oddfellows opened in the States Terri- tory of Arkansas tormed — Dec— Alabama admitted as i a State. 1820. March— Maine admitted as a State. ...James Monroeidied Apiil 4 .. .Aug, 9— Sub-Treasury act repealed and a' re-elected President. trenenil bankruptcy bill passed.... Alex. MacLeod, im- . Aug. 24— Centre foundation of present Capitol .-^aine day by the Great Western from Bristol, Ens „.),.r,„f„„ r. ^ r.„„ _ T..: „.,„=..„., . . _ ^he Wilkes exploring expedition to South Seas saifed.' ' 1839. Another financial panic, and, in October, banks sus- pend specie payment. 1840. July 4— Sub-Treasury bill becomes a law Railroad riots in Philadelphia. 1841. March 4— William II. Harrison inaugurated President; 1821. Aug. 21— Missouri admitted as a State, with the famous " Compromise," under which it was resolved that in fu ture no slave State should be erected north of northern boundary of Arkansas — Streets of Baltimore lighted witli gas. 1822. Piracy in the West Indies suppressed b.v the United States Boston, Mass., incorporated as a city March S— United States acknowledge independence of South America Oct. 3 — Treaty with Colombia. 1823. President Monroe promulgates the doctrine that the United States ought to resist the extension of foreign dominion or influence upon the American continent. 1824 Aug. 15— Lafayette revisits the United States. 1825. March 4— John Quincy Adams inaugurated President Corner-stone of Bunker Hill Monument laid byLatay ette Lafayette leaves for France in frigate Brandy wine — Erie canal completed — Contest between the Federal government and Georgia concerning Indian lands. 1826. July 4— Death of ex-Presidents John Adams and Thom as Jefferson Morgan excitement and formation of Anti-Masonry Party. 1828. -May— Congress passes a tariff bill imposing heavy duiifs on British goods. Denounced by the Southern liidlik- as oppressive and unconstitutional Title o: 'Uiniocrats" adopted generally by Republican Party 1829. March 4— Inauguration of Gen. Andrew Jackson as President — July 4— Corner-Stone lain of U. S. Mint, Philadelphia. i8.m Treaty with the Ottomau Porte Workingman's Par- ty originated in New York City. ; 1831. Jan. 10— King of the Netherlands renders his decision pnthe boundary question between Maine and the British possessions. Rejected by both parties and question set- tled in 1842 by the Treaty of Washington July 4— uames Monroe dies. I 1832. Black Hawk Indian War commenced June27— Chol- tra Lireaks out in New York — Aug.— Indians driven beyond the Missi.-s.sippi- capture of Black Hawk and end i)f the war — South Carolina declares the tarift' acts null and void and threatens to witlulraw from the Union U the Uuvernmeut attempts to collect the duties.., ,i»eullated for the evacuation of Mexico by the Aiueric plicaied in the burning of the Caroline, tried for arson and murder at Utica, N. Y., and acquitted, Oct 12 Feb. 4— United States Ban^ tailed and other banks sus- pended specie payment. 1842. Aug.— Treaty, defining the boundaries between the United States and the British American Possessions and for suppressing the slave trade, and for giving up fugitive criminals, signed at Washington Aug. 1— "Abolition Riots," ill Philadelphia. Churches burned. 1843. Suppression of a threatened insurrection in Rhode Island, caused by the adoption of a new constitution, known as the Dorr Rebellion Jan. 11— "Weaver's Riots," Philadelphia. 1844. Treaty of commerce with China. . . May and July- Riots, and Catholic churches burned in Philadelphia May 27— Anti-rent riots in New York State Tele- graphic communication established between Washing- ton and Baltimore. 1845. March 1— The Republic of Texas received into the Union 3 — Florida and Iowa admitted as States 4— James K Polk inaugurated President. . . June 8— Death of Gen. Andrew Jackson Treaty with Great Britain fixing Northwestern boundary. .. Gen. Zachary Taylor ordered to defend the Texan border against a threatened invasion by Mexico. 1846. War with Mexico, . . .May 8— Battle of Palo Alto. . . .9— Battle of Reseca de la Palma. Mexicans beaten in both July 6 — Com. Sloat takes possession of Monterey Aug. — Gen. Kearney takes possession of New Mexico. . . . Col. Fremont occupies California Aug. 19— Com. Stockton blockades Mexican ports Dec. — Iowa admit- ted as a State. . .Oct. 25.— Com. Perry bombards Tobasco, Nov. U— Com. Connor occupies Tanipico 1847. Feb. 8— Kearney proclaims the annexation of Califor- nia to the United States Col. Doniphan defeats Mexi- cans in Chihuahua and takes po.ssessiun of that province Feb. 23— Battle of Buena Vista, Taylor defeats Santa Anna — March 27— Surrender of Vera Cruzand casth- to Gen. Scott and Com. Perry Battle of (;erro Gordo, April 18 — Aug, 20— Battles of Contreras and Cherubus CO Sept. 8— Battle of Molino del Key 13— Battle of Chepultepec — 14— American army enters City of Mex- ico. 1848. Feb. 18 — Gen. Scott superseded in Mexico by Gen. Wui. O. Butler Treaty of Guadaloupe Hidalgo which stlpu- , au At- loo OHBONOLOOT. ih.y within three months; the payment of $15,000,000 byiand subsequently goes to Philadclpliia, New York and tile United States to Mexico for the territory acquired Boston, enibarkint: lor liouit- Oct. 20, at Portland, Me. by conquest; and it also fixed boundaries, > tc Feb ij June 28— Steam.ship Gnat Eastern first arrives at New — JohiiQuiucvAaams dies Postal convention between Vork Dec. 18— U. S. Senate rejects "Orittenden Corn- United .'^lates and Great liritain — May 29— Wisconsin, promise.' Dee. 20— Carolina secedes troni the Union admitted asa State. July 4— Peace with Mexico lor-; — Dec 26— (ieu. Anderson evacuates Kort Moultrie, mally pioclaimed. .News of the discovery of gold iniiiharleston, and occupies Fort Sumter. . .De«. 30— Presi- Caliiornia reached the States. . . .Mormons (founded bvldent Buchanan declines to receive delegates from South Jo.si^ph Sniith I827J settled near Great SaltLake, btdlilCarolina. — Dec.8— First deposit of California gold in Mint. 1861. 1849. ) Jan. 9— MLssissippisccedes. Contederatesat Charleston Great exodus of gold-seekers to Calitornia. . . .March 4 tire into reinforcement steamer Star or the West. . .10— —The " Wiliuot Proviso " passed by Congress. . . . March .'jl Alabama and Florida secede. . . .11— Major Ander-son re- — Gen. Zachary Taylor inaugurated President.. .June islfuses to surrender Fort Smnter. .12— Conrederatesfortifv —James K. Polk dies The people of ('aliioniia vote Vicksburgh, Miss., and .seize Navy Yard at Pensacola against .slavery in that territory — Cholera in XewY,>ik|Fla 18— O^eorgia secedes Jan. 26— Louisiana secede.s May 30 to sept. 8— Philadelphia depleted by cholera' 29— Secretary-of-Treasury, John A. Dix, issues his .Treaty Miili England for a Iran.sit way across the thrilling order, addressed " W. Hemphill Jones, New Or- Isthmus of Panama. 1850. March 31— Jolui C. Calhoun dies May— The Grinnell expedition, in search of Sir John Franklin, leaves New York July 9— President Tavlor dies. .. Great fire in Philadelphia . . .10— Vice-President Millard Fillmore as- .•iiimes the Presidency... Violent debates between the Pro-slaver.v and Free-Kiil ^lartios in Congiess over the proposed admis.sion of Caiilornia Sept. 9— Passage of lenry Clay's " Omnibus BtU," relative to slavery Territory of Utah orgauizeil, 1851. Letter postage reduced to three cents Lopez's expe dition landed in Cuba Lopez caiJtured, ancf execut<;d in Havana, Sept. 1.. . .Minnesota purchased from the SiOu.x Indians. . ..Dec. — Louis Ko.ssutli arrives in New York — Dec. 24— Capitol at Washington partly destroyed bj- fire. 1862 United States expedition to Japan, under command of Com. Perry, a broilitr of the hero of Lake Erie June 29— Henry ( 'lay dies — Oct- 24— Daniel Webster dies. 1853. Washington Territorv created nntof the northern part of Oregon, ...4 — F'raiiklin Piirco inaugurated President May— Four ve.s.sels, under Capt. Ringgold, leave on an ex ploring expedition to the Norih Pacific Ocean. . . Expedi- tions stait to explore routes for a railway to the Pacific coast — Second expedition in search of Sir John Frank- lin leaves, under command of Doctor Kane. . Capt In- graham upholds the rights of American citizenship in the afl'aif of Martin Koszta, at Smyrna. 1854. May— passage of the Kansas Nebraska Bill, which cre- ated those two Territories and lelt the people of every territory, on becoming a State, free to adopt or excliule the institution of slavery. .Feb. aS— Seizure of the American Steamship Black Warrior in harbor of Hav- ana... June 7 — Keciitrooity treaty between Great Brit- ain and the United States, respecting international trade, li.sheries, etc.. . ..July 13— Ca])t. Hollins of sloop Cyane bomlmrd.s .^an Juan ,de Nicaragua March 31— Commercial treaty with Japan concluded by Com. Perry Oct 9— Ostend Conference. . 1855. Serious trouble in Kansas over the slavery que.stion. . . . William Walker lakes possession ot Nicarii-ua and cs- tablislioa >;iiverninent there Iiine 28 — Railroad from Panama to Aspinwall opened Dispnte with England over enlistment of soldiers for Crimean War tien.^ Harney chastises the Sioux Indians. . ■ ". 1856. ,, ,,,,;, ,.,.;--. i.u.- May 22-TPyestow S. Brooks of;,^uft,iG»f olinft„a^awUs Charles Sumner, in Seriate. ■t^nni'-]u-S ',r 1857.- :■ Jan. 4— Kansas rejects the Lecompton Constitution DisturlMHces in I tab. .. March— The Sujjrenie I'uurt givesjudsiiii'nt in tlic Died Srott case. .Aug. 24— Bi:. ginning ut liiuuicial panic, whic.li culminates in an al.lKe.im die inostgeneralsus|ieusion of banks. IColunibia.. 1858. leans " " If any one attempts to haul down the American flag, shoot him on the spot!" Feb. 5— Texas recedes by legislative act. Peace conJerenee assembles at Washington, D. C. , and first congre.ss of the seven seceded States assemliles at Montgomery, Ala. . . Jefierson Davis cho.sen President of Contederaje States, and A. H. Stephens, Vice-President. .. .18 — Davis inaunurated at .Montgomery, Ala. Gen. Twiggs .surrenders to the Con- federates in Texas, and March I isdismis.^ed Ironi L". s Army in disgrace 22— President-elect Lincoln, witli his own hands, raises the American tlag at the State House, Philadelphia March 4:— He is inaugurated at Washington Apiil 12— Major Anderson again relu.ses to surrender, and the Confederate batteries open fire on Fort Sumter. The North arou.sed. . . 14— Maior Ahderson evacuates Fort Sumter "wi.h colors hying and drums beating, bringing away company and private jiropertv, md .saluting his riag with fiftv gun.'' . . .15— Preadeiit Lincoln calls tor 75.iX)0 troops 17— President Davis issues letters of marque, and President Lincoln blockades Southern ports Virginia passes ordinance of secession 18 — U. S. Arsenal at Harper's Ferry de.stroyed by Federal authorities F'irst troops arrived at Washing- ton, via Harrisburgh, Pa 19— Sixth Ma.ssaehu.setts Regiment attacked while passing througii Baltimore. Seventh Regiment of New York leaves that city for Washington... 21— Nortolk (Va.) Navy Yard burnt by Federal authorities. . ; .May 6— Arkansas formally .secedes 9-11 — Tennessee secedes. ..20— North Carolina secedes 24— Col. E. E. Ellsworth murdered at Ah xandria, Va. June 3— Stephen A. Douglas dies. . July 21— Battle of Bull Bun. . . .Aug. lU— Battle ef Wilson's t'reek, Missouri —Gen. Nathaniel Lyon killed. . 20— Gen. G. B. McClellaii assumes command'ot .Vrniy of Potomac Sept. 20— Col. •Mulligan forced to surrender at Lexington, Ky Oct. 21— Battle of Ball's Bluff, Va.— Gen. E. U. Baker killed. 31— Gen. Winfield Scott resigiLS, and McClellan is made commander-in-chief Noy.8— Capt. Wilkesof the San Jacinto captures Mason and Slidell on board of the Trent. War with England imminent 30— Jefferson Davis elected President of (Jonfedcrate States for six years Deo. 2— Congress votes thairks to Capt. Wilkes. 30 — Bants in New York suspend specie payment Mason and Slidell surrendered, and ou Jan. 1. 1862 they sail for Europe. 1862. Jan. 17— Ex-President Jolui Tyler dies Feb. 6 — Gen. Grant captures Fort Henry — 7-;li Laiuiing- death May— Minnesota admitted as a State Aug. 3— Kansas of Gen. A. S. Johnston; Gen. C. F. Sniiili dies 25 and again rejects Leconipion Constitution Aug.— Atlantic JGen. W. H. U Lawrence 10 25— New Orleans surrend- telegrajih cable laid. Pre.sideut's mes.sag© tp Qneen Vic-iers to Farragut May 1— Geu. Butler tonnally takes toria .sent 10, but cable proved a failure. Jpossession of New Orleans 6— Battle of Williamsburg, 18p9. . Va 31-June 1— Battles of Fair Oaks and Seven Pines, Oi'egoii admitted as a State — June 25— Commodore |Va 27-July 1— Seven Davs' Fight, Va. . . 12— President Tatilall of r. S. Navy, in tUiiue.se water.s, makes his'Lincoln appeals to the Border Statesin Ijchalf of emanci- laiuOus utterance; "Blood is thicker thati water!' jpation. .. .14— Gen. Pope assumes command in Virginia July 4— A. H. Slcplieiisof Georgia advoiates the forma-l. ..-.18-19— New York and Philadelphia bii:in using car- tioirnt a Southern Cuutederacy . .. ..Oct, 10— Joiin Browusjtickets and postage stamps as currencv. . ■23— Halleck raidiiii Harper's Ferry — 18— Brown and hiscunipanionsjmade General-in-cliief of U. S. army... .Vug— Admiral captured Diic. 2— Brown hung.,. , ..iNov.— Geu. Scolt|George C. Reid dies. .. .5— Battle of Baton Rouge, La,— sent toproteclAmericauiiitejestsinSan Juan. iGeii. Thomas Williams killed 6— Gen. K.ibt. L, McCook 1860. ishot by guerillas, .. 9— Battle of Cedar Mountain, Va March- John Brown's comiianious hung Niarch 27— ,16— .'vicClellan i etreats from Harrisons Landing, Va Japane-e Embas.sy, fir.st to leave JaJtan. arrive at San 23— (Jen. Heiirv Bohlen killed. .. 29— Batth- of Groveton, Francisco. Received at Wasliiuglon U. i.'.., liv Presidentior ,'vlan;ussaj, \'a.. . .30— Second Battle oi Bull Run, Va.— Buchanan, and alteiwards have public renpticjiis in.tien. (icorge B, Taylor dies Sept. 1.,. Sept. 1— Battle of Baltimore, PhiUidelphia and New York, departing from i'bantilly,Va— Gens Philip Kearney and Isaac J Stevens the latter city in ingate Niagara June 29 . . May 17— killed — President Lincoln issues proclaniatiou as a pre- Abraliam Lincoln nohiinateil at Chicago Sept. 21— liminary Ui emaiaiftating slaves .McClellan placed in 5 at Detroit, visiting Lnited Slatcs.lcommaud of lunilications vi Washington 14— Battle Prince ol Wales arrive 'jk €SRONOLOar.\ 101 of South Mountain, Md.— Gen. Reno killed 13-15— |A. Stedmankilled — 8— Fort Gaines captured — 16— Gen. Harper's Ferry, Va., surrendered 17— Battle of Au-jD. I*. Woodbury dies — Sept. 1— Sherman occupies At- ; tietam, Md — (.ion. Manstield killed; Gen. I. P. Rodmaujlanta, Ga 7— He orders its depopulation 14— Gen. J. (lies Sept. 29, and (!en. I. B. Richardson Nov. 4 24— B. Huwell killed 1!)— Sheridan deleats Earh- at Win. t President Lincoln pni\isionally suspends habeas cor)iUselic.s1ii-, Va.— Gen. D. A. Russell killed 24— Com. T. A. I ....Oct. l-lnternal-n-A-eiiue Stamp Law goes Intoellri'tC'iiUcMr dies 29— Gen. H. Biirnham dies Oct. 19— ... .3-4-6— Battle ul f'.n inlli, Miss.— Gen. P. A. Haekelin^iii Urix 1 jaid on St. Albans, Yt. . . .19— Battle ol Cedar Greek, 1 killed... .S-Battleotl\iryviili-,Ky.— (Jens. R.. J. OgU•^^^ , Va-~(kii. D. D. Bidwell killed. .. .29— Gen. T. E. G. Ran- I Wm. R. Terrill and J. S. Jackson killed 1(J-13— Con- soni dies Nov. 8— .AlcClellan resigns trom V>. S. army. [j federates, under Stuart, enter Peimsylvania 30— Gen 13— Sherman destroys Atlanta — 3U— Gen. Thonia.'* ; Ro.sencrans supersedes Gen. Buell at the West Gen. repul.ses Hood at Franklin, Tenn.— Rebel Maj. -Gen. P. R. ij O. IM. Jlitchell killed at Beaulort, S. C Nov. 5— Gen. Cleburne killed Dec. 14-16— Thomas defeats Hood near il McClellan superseded by Gen. Burnside as commander .Nashville, Tenn.. . .21— SbermanentersSavannah, Ga — of Army of Potomac... Nov. 6— Gen. C. D. Jameson dies. |24-25— Admiral Porter aiul Gen. Butler assault Wilniing II 7— Com. Garrett J. Pendergast dies lU— Rear [ton, N. C. 1 Admiral E. A. F. Lavalette dies.... 22— Gen. F. E. Patter. 1865. son killed at Fairfax, Va Dec. 10-15— Gen. Burnside Jan. 13-15— Attack on and capture of Fort Fisher, N.Oyj . attacks and retreats from Fredericksburg, Va.— Battle! — 16— Monitor Patap.-jeo sinks, Charleston Harbor...^ of Fredericksburg Dec 13— Gens. G. D. Bayard and ! Feb. 1— Congress abolishes slavery in the United States." C. P. Jack.son killed.... 31— Battle of Murfreesboro.Tenn., " "-"• ■ " ■ ■ ■ " - '• ■- ••>...-.-- o begun, and Bragg is defeated. 1863. Jan. — Gen. E. N. Kirk, wounded at Murfreesboro, dies. 1—Pre.sidcnt Lincoln emancipates slaves 9— French i Government otters mediation . declined Feb. 6. . .26— Gen Hdokcr siiyierscdes Gen. Inirnsidc. . . .25— Congress passes the Colls, ription or Dv:ilt Mil March 3— Congress authorizes suspension ot li,;lieascoriius . . .6— Clement L. Vallandingham serenailcd in Philadelphia— great cxcite- I ment there,. .18— Bread riot ot (!onfede:ate soldiers' 1 wives, Sali.'-bury, N. C. . . .21— Gen. E. V. Sumner dies. . . . il 28— Gen. James Cooper dies. . April 7— Federals attack ^ Charleston. S. C. 26— Gen. Bunij-ideassunioscommaiul of Departmcntol Ohio. . Mav 1-4— Battle of Chancellor 6— Battle Of Hatcher's Run, Va 17— Columbia, S. C, captured 18— Charleston, S. ('., surrendered... 18 —Gen. Lee assumes su, reiiie command of Conlederate armie.s, and recommends arming of the blacks... 22— (Jonledera'.e Con;, ress decree tluit the slaves shall be irmed. Schofield captures Wilmington, N. C — 27-Mareh 6— (Jcneral Shcriilan's raid into Virginia March 4 — Seciiiii iiiauguiatioii of President Lincoln. .. .14-April 13 — Stoncuian's raid in Virginia and North Carolina Mai-ch KJ-ll-Battle of Kinston, N. C. .. .2U— Mobile, Ala., besieged 29-April 3— Battles of Hatcher's Run and Five Forks,^ Va April 2— A.ssault on Petersburg, Va 2-3— Grant occupies Riehmond and Petersburg, Va 6— Battle ot Deaionville, Va 9— (ieneral T. A Smyth dies. Surrenderof Gen Lee, Appomattox Court-house, Va...,,, ville, Va.— Stonewall Jackson is wo-iiKh'd, and dies Mayjl2— The Union Ilag hoisted at Fort Sumter. Mobile, Ala., 10; Gen. H. G Berry dies Mayo-, Gen. A. W. Whip) Icjcaptured. . . 13— Dralting and recruiung stopped.. . .14— .^lav5- and Gen Ed. Kirby,Jiinel. . , Mav 4— Cen. Jo>ei>h I'ri.sideiit Lincoln a.s,-asl.on 1 15- I'n-ident Lincoln dii s, and Andrew Johnson becomes at Jackson, Miss... 16— Grant defeats burn chambersbnrg — Aug. 5— Contederute"llo ,1-th dies n. Thos. cavalry utiou assouibles in Phihok-lphia. .7 Matthias W Baldwin pioneer in American locomoti\es dies. ...Oct. 13— 'Prince' John Van Biiren, son ol Hon. Martin, dies. ...Dec. 13-Congress p.is.se.s liill giving ne- groes the right to vote in District ot Columbia — iu— Maj.-Gen Samuel R. Curtis dies. 1,S67. .Ian, 9— Virginia reiects Fourteenth Amendmeii' . . . 10 —Congress |ias.ses bill proviiling for " universal sia.rage in the territories 2.';— President Johnson vetoes bill t^' admit Colorado .. ,29— He vetoes bill to admit -Nebraska Feb. 6— Delaware and Louisiana re.ieci Constitutional Amendment :8— Nebra.ska admitted as ti State Warcli2— PresideiuJobiisnn vetoes Reconst; uction bill ..25— Tenure ot otllce bill passed over President s\-eto--- 23- President vetoes Siipiilenientary Reeonsiniction bill .. .'iO— Aiiiuameed at Washington that Russia cedes Alaska to (he United States April 9— Senate eonfirm.s Alaska, treaty . il— Site conveyed to Linteil State ernuieiit tor post-olhce in New Voik City. Mav 3— ■ Cuurt-|Eigl:t hour riots in Chicago 9— General strike of i 1 .,r. V.a, .i-wei I .|. M.eri iliKUv.'bout the States... 13— Jeflervon Da- K. r.e.awJA;. ,,,: , ., ,| to fail ai Richmond, Va , June 3— Gen. , iin,.' 'vej ;; ; ■ . ^^ ;.ii.,.ms G'.ii. Welles ot Loui.siana and on 6 ., '.-.c ;,;'■ ;a. ; . , .. ;. r f land, is tiovernor . July 3— tongre-is :il' - •: . . I .• in ex: ao:ilinory session,. . .11— Recipiocity-. 1 .. ' ' : ,1' • 1. ;•. ,in il:e I'liuid Slates Biid the Hawaiian • ■, ... u— I'l. i.'. Ill \eto.s Supplementary Recon ' .. ,: I lil '.1 i;-o' i.i KiinxMlle. Tenn New Vork, ' I , :. .i;ii: ii'i .1 : e ii\. hiieii n'leels Woman- sufl rage ■ ■ ;,i,, luea '.- ;;,ii .-.I'll iiiiiu leniovcs (i()\enior: loll .1 1. -\:is, . .'ii.... .1- s. creiary Stanton is- le, Ala.. destroyed byFarragut. ...6— Ueneral GriiUu[requesl6d by U'e President to lesiyn. but reiusuti 102 CMRONOLOar. Stanton suspended, and Gen. Orant appointed Secretary [President Grant issues a proclamation enjoiningneutral oi Wat €id interim 17— Gen. Sheridan relieved at New ity as to war between France and Prussia 23— Irish Orleans 19— National Labor Congress meets at ChicaJNational Congress convenes, Cincinnati Oct, i— go Sept. 8 — President issues amnesty proclamation ISecoiid Southern Commercial Convention, Cincinnati ... 30— >fegro riots in Savannah, Ga Oct 3— Whiskey . ...12— Death of Gen. Robert E. Lee — 25— Convention in riot in Philadelphia Nov. 2— Gen. ShermanannounccsjCincinnati tor purpo.se of removing National Capital Indian war at an end 8 — Formal transfer of Alaskalfrom Washington to some point West. to Gen. Rosseau, at New Archangel 14 — Denmark con- 1871. eludes treaty, ceding and selling the islands of St. Thom- Jan. 1— Cabral, the Dominican Chief, denounces Pre.?i- as, San Juan and Santa Crun, to United States . . .22— dent Grant, and opposes sale and annexation of St. Do- Jefferson Davis returns to Richmond Dec. 7— Resolu- mingo to the United States 10-11— U. S. House and tioai of Judiciary Committee to impeach President John- Senate appoint committee to vi.<-it St. Domingo. .. 11— sou voted down in the House— 108 to 67. Hon. John Covode dies 29 — O'Donovan Rossa ana 1868. other Fenian exiles arrive in New York 30 — House of Jan. 6— House of Representatives passes bill making Representatives pass resolution oT welcome to Irish ex- eight hours a day's work for Government laborers 13|iles Feb. 9— New Jersey recommends Philadelphia as —The Senate reinstates Stanton 14— Gen. Grant va-ithe place to hold Centennial celebration, 1876 — 18— Ca- eates War office in favor of Secretary Stanton Feb. 13;bral, in a letter to Vice-President Colfax, denounces the -Another attempt to impeach President Johnson 20- New Jersey Legislature witlidraws ratification of pro- posed Fourteenth Constitutional Amendment 21— Stanton again removed, and General Thomas appointed Secrtary of War ad interim. . . .22— Stanton adheres toe the office 24— House votes (126 to 27) to impeach th President 25— Gov. Ward of New Jersey vetoes reso lutiou of Legislature withdrawing ratification of Four- teai^h Amendment. . . March 2— House adopts impeauh- meirt articles 4— They are presented to the Senate — 5— New Jersey Senate passes over Gov. Ward's veto as to amendment; lower House does the same, 25 — 6— Senate organizes a Court of Impeachment 7— President Johnson summoned to appear before it. . . 13 — Impeach- ment Court sits. .. "23— President's coun.sel answer im- peachment articles, and Courtadjourns'to 30. . . .26— Sen- ate ratifies North German treaty . .28— U. S. Grand Jury at Richmond, Va., finds new bill of indictment against Jefferson Davis. .. April 2— North German Parliament passes the Naturalization treaty with the United States. 6— Michigan votes against negro suffrage — 24— Pres- ident nominates Gen. Schofleld to be Secretary of War May 21— Grant and Colfax nominated at Chicago — The Burlingame Chinese Embassy arrive at New York 26— Impeachment Court declares the President not guilty. Secretary Stanton resigns. .. .30 — Senate con- firms Gen. Schofield as Stanton's successor — June 1— Ex-President James Buchanan dies 5 — Chinese Em- bassy received by President Johnson ...22— King of Bel- gium reviews United States squadron under Farragut off Ostend 24 — Senate passes eight hour law... 25— President vetoes "Omnibus bill... 20— President vetoes Electoral College bill. Secretary Seward announces ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment 24— Presi- dent orders Secretary of War to withdraw military lorces from Southern States represented in Congress. Senate ratifies treaty with China .. .25— Senate ratifies treaty with Mexico 27— Jefferson Davis and family sail from Quebec for England 30— Gen. Meade declares civil government restored in Florida, Georgia and Ala- bama... Aug. 11— Hon. Thadeus Stevens dies— Washing- ton, D. C 22— President declares Sitka a port of entrv 26— Oregon withdraws ratification of Fourteentn Amendment Nov. 3 — Iowa and Minnesota vote in fa- vor of negro suffrage, and Missouri against it. 1869. Jan. 1— Gen. Grant holds a public reception in Inde- pendence Hall, Philadelphia. . .Feb. 20— .Martial law de- clared in Tennessee 2'2-26 — Congress passes Fifteenth Amendment. Kansas is the first State (Feb. '27), to rati- fy it, though imperfectly, and Delaware the first to reject it. . .March 4— Gen. Grantinaugurated as President 25— Pennsylvania ratifies ■ Fifteenth Amendment. . . . April 13— Senate rejects Alabama Treaty with Great Britain May 13— Woman-sufl'rage Convention in New York City 19— President Grant proclaims that there shall be no reduction in Government Laborer's wages because of reduction of hours. .. .June 18— Hon. Henry J. Raymond, N. Y. Times, dies July 13— Completion of Atlantic cable from Brest to St. Pierre ; thence to Dux- bury, Mass 30— Hon. Isaac Toucey dies Aug. 16— National Labor Convention, Philadelphia Sept. 1— National Temperance Convention, Chicago. .8— Hon. Wm. Pitt Fessenden dies 10— Hon. John Bell dies — 16— Hon. John Minor Botts dies Oct. 8— Virginia rati- fies Fourteenth and Filteenth Amendments. . . Ex-Presi- dent Franklin Pierre dies Nov. 4— Geo. Peabody dies 6— Admiral Charles Stuart dies 24— National Woman-suffrage Convention, Cleveland, O., and Henry Ward Beecher chosen President Dec. 10— National Colored Labor Convention, Washington. . . .2i— Hon. Ed- win M. Stanton dies. 1870, Jan. 26— Virginia readmitted into the Union — Feb. 9 — U. S. Signal Bureau established by Act of Congress — 17— .Mississippi re-admitted into the Union — 23— Hon Anson Burlingame dies March2S— Mai -Gen. George H union of Dominica and Hayti. most destroyed by a tornado . . . Joint High Commission arrive^ln New York. . 19— Helena, Ark., al- British members of Joint High Comniission arrive In New York "27- Com- mission beginsitssessionsin Washington, D. C — March 3— Riots in Pennsylvania coal mines 5 — Chinamen's riot in San Francisco Cal 27— Senator Sumner denoun- ces Santo Domingo scheme.. . 30— Colored parade in New York in honor of Fifteenth Amendment April 7— Coal riotsin Scranton, Pa 10— Celebration in New York of (ierman Unity and end of war between Prussia and France Mav 1— U. S. Supreme Court sustains consti- tutionality of Legal-tender act .. .3— President Grant is- sues proclamation for suppression of Ku-Klux-Klan — 6 —Joint High Commission concludes Washington Treaty 15-16— German |ioace celebration in Philadelphia 24— Treaty of Washington ratified by Senate. . . 29— Natu- ralization Treaty between Austria and United States ratified by the Reichsrath.. .30— Dec oration Dav — June 1— American naval force, making a survey of the coast of Corea, Asia, fired on Irom masked batteries. 2 —Minister Low demands an apology, and is answered that "the Corean civilization of 4.000 years brooks no interference from outside barbarians." 10,11— U. S. naval forces land on the island of Kang Noe. Corea, and destroy a fort and the Citadel .17— Hon. Clement L. Vallandingham dies. . .28— President Grant appoiiftsCivil- service-reform Ciommission — July 3— Naval forces, hav- ing attained their object, retire Irom coast ol Corea — 4 — President Grant proclaims complete ratification of Treaty of Washington 12— Orange parade and riot in New York 19— Massachusetts' Centennial Committee arrive in Philadelphia Sept. 24— Chief Justice McKeon of Utah decides against Mormons serving as grand jur- orsin Federal courts Oct. 2— Postal money -order ar- rangement between United States and Gieat Britain goesinto effect Brigham Young arrested for Mormon proclivities 7— Firstgreat fire in Chicago breaks out . . .8-9— Second and greatest fire in Chicago. . .10— Election riot in Philadelphia between white roughs and negroes, and attempts to destroy the ofllce ot Ihe Prejm — 26— Gen. Robert Anderson dies, Nice, France; Hon. Thomas Ewing, Lancastar, O 27— Arrest of William M. Tweed, New York City....Dec 17— Internationalist funeral pro- cession in New Y'ork City. 1872. Jan. 10— National Woman-suffrage Convention, Wash- ington Feb. 28— Congress sets apart Yellowstone Val- ley as a national park. .. .April 2— Prof. S. K. B. Morse dies— New York City 16— Prof Morse memorial servi- ces in various cities and also in Hall of United States House of Representatives — May 10— Woman-suffrage Convention in New York nominates Mrs. Woodhull for President and Frederick Douglass for Vice-President — 22- Congress passes Amnesty bill. . . .June 1— James Gor- don Bennett, N. Y. Herahl, d"ies. . . .5-6— S 12 "N •» 3: (2 o lo" ■«.- ift- in to" m' m" ^- ,L- fc^SS«&^S >-; CO C^ to QD CO o cs ca -"M 3s.g M ^ ^S 5 'S = ^ = H,-^ .•r CO ._ - w ^T- s = s -9 i s o ■- -S £«.g-3S ^ « a ■.HO «) ^ fe g; ^ ft..a ;a M fa_^iJ 5 t> K CO c IS t. O © — I .5 "C 5 ii , o" O .S : (C ' " o - Sf^p"! 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AUSTRO-HnNGARV Baden Barbaey States Bavaria Belgium Beloochistan Bolivia Borneo Brazil BURMAH Cambodia China Chili Colombia COREA Costa Rica Dahomey Denmark Ecuador Egypt France Germany G. Britain* Ireland. Greece Guatemala Hesse Haiti Honduras Italy Japan Liberia Madagascar Mecklen'g Schwerin- Mecklenb'g Sthelitz Mexico Morocco Netherlands Nicaragua. . Oldenburg Orange Free States.. Paraguay Persia Peru Portugal rou.mania Russia Saxe-Coburg AGoTHA I Saxe-Meiningen Saxe-Weimab Saxony Sandwich Islands San Domingo | San Salvador i Seetia SlAM I Spain Sweden and Norway Switzerland Turkey I United States I Uruguay Venezuela I wcrtehburg | Zanzibar ' Magdala Cabool Hue Mii.'scat Buenos Ayres, Vienna < arlsruUe Tripoli Munich Brussel.s Kelat Oruio Borneo Rio de Janeiro Mandalay I'anompin Pekin Santiago Bogota Kingkitao S.m Jose. ..... Abomey Copenhagen . . Quito Caijn I Pans [Berlin I London lArtihens I Guatemala i Darmstadt P't-au Prince. Comayagua... Rome Tokio Moi^rovia Tananarivo... Schwerin Strelitz Mexico Morocco Amsterdam... Managua Oldenburg Blomfoutein. . -Asuncion Teheran Lima. Lisbon Buchare.st ... St. Petersburg (J^otha &C'b'rg Meiningea Weimar Dresden Honolulu San Domingo. San Salvador Belgrade Bangkok Madrid Stockholm Berne Constantinopl Washington. Monte Video. . Caracas . Stuttgart Zanzibar Rulers, &c. Tekla Johannes l.l King Shere Ali Shah TuDuc I King Seyd bin Said i Imaum Dr. N. Avellaneda| President. Francis Joseph I. . i Jmperor . . Frederickl I Grand Duke SamiliPasha [Pasha.. .. Louis II King Leopold II King Mir Nasa Khan.. .iKhan Dr. T. Frias President , Abdul Mumein. . . [ Sultan Dom Pedro II i Emperor. . Mounglon 'King OngS'detchN'd'm King TsaeTien | Emperor. Fred Errazuriz.. . . . I'resident. Santiago I'erez. . I President . Zung-Che King Don T. Guardia. . i President. Adahoonzon II.. I King Christian IX ( King Don Xavier Leon . I President . Lsmail I Khedive... 4 3C>8.2;« 1,818,539 7.67.'> 180,00(1, 1,450 212.091 121,115 19,941 41.830 2,866 39,600 112,677 156,004 60,000 226,500 4,834 997 743,948 219,000 2l»,52 49.500 2,41 70,000 57,303 648,000 502,700 37,793 45,642 8,404,767 816 93;i 1,421 6,777 6,500 18,045 9,.594 12,600 250,000 182.758 288,771 15,2;« Coptic. Moha'med'n. Buddhi.-^r. Moha'med'n. R. Ca'holic. R. Catholic R.C & I'rot. Moh.inidan. R. CatlK.lic. R. Catholic. Moham'. an. R. Catholic, Pagan. R. Catholic. BuddhLst. Buddhist. Bud.A Pagan R. t'atholic. R. Catholic. ConfucABud R. Catholic. Pagan. Lutheran. R. Catholic. Mohamdan. R. Catholic. Protestant. Protestant. GreekChr'cb R. Catholic. Lutheran R. Catholic. S. -Cstholic. R. Cat^^.,'.■^. I'r.ddhic. Protestant. Christian. Lutheran. Lutheran. R. Catholic. Moham'dan. Protestant, R. Catholic. Lutheran. Prote.stant. R. Catholic. Moham'dan. R. Catholic. R. Catholic. GreekCh'rch (ireekChr'ch Lutlu-ran. Lutheran. Lutheran. Luth. & R.C. Protestant. R. Catholic. K. Catliolic. GreekCh'rch Buddhist. R. Catholic. Lutheran, Prot. A R. 0. Moham'dan. Christian. R. Catholic. R. Catholic. Lutheran. .Moham'dan. lOu CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and estabHsh this Constitution of the United States of America : ARTICLE I.-Congress. Section L — Legislative Powers. 1. All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Con- gresfe of the United States, which shaU consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. Section II.— Souse of Representatives. 1. The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several States, and the electors in each State shaU have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State Legislature. Qucdifications of Members.— Apportionment. 2. No person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the age of twenty-five years, and been seven years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen. 3. Representatives and direct taxes shall be apiiortioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, accord- ing to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to ser- vice for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other persons. The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent term of ten years, in such man- ner as they shall by law direct. The number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each State shall have at least one Representative ; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to choose three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five, New York six, New Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten. North Carohna five. South Carolina five, and Georgia three. 4. When vacancies happen in the representation from any State, the executive authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies. OOifSTlTtJTJON OF THE UNITED STATES. -'•'■ ' 5. The House of Kepresentatives shall choose their Speaker and other officers, and shall have the sole power of impeachment. Section III. — Senate. 1. The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Sena- tors from each State, chosen by the Legislature thereof for six years ; and each Senator shall have one vote. 2. Immediately after they shall be assembled in consequence of the first election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. The seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the second year, of the second class at the expi- ration of the fourth year, and of the third class at the expiration of the sixth year ; so that one third may be chosen every second year ; and if vacancies happen by resignation, or otherwise, during the recess of the Legislature of any State, the Executive thereof may make temporary appointments, until the next meeting of the Legis- lature, which shall then fill such vacancies. 3. No person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the age of thirty years, and been nine years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen. 4. The Vice-President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no vote unless they be equally divided. 5. The Senate shall choose their other oificers, and also a President pro tempore, in the absence of the Vice-President, or when he shall exercise the office of President of the United States. 6. The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments ; when sitting for that purpose, they shaU be on oath, or affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside, and no person shall be convicted without the concur- rence of two-thirds of the members present. 7. Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not extend farther than to removal from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust, or profit under the United States ; but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment and punishment, according to law. Section IW.— Election of Members. 1. The times, places, and manner of holding elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legis- lature thereof, but the Congress may at any time by law make or alter snch regulations, except as to the places of choosing Senators. 2. The Congress shall assemble at leasjb once in every year, and such meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by law appoint a different day. 1- 'y CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. Section V. — Powers of each House. 1. Each House shall be the judge of the elections, returns, and qualifications of its own members, and a majority of each shall con- stitute a quorum to do business ; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent members, in such manner, and under such penalties, as each Hoiise may provide. 2. Each House may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and, with the concurrence of two- thirds, expel a member. 3. Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such parts as may in their judgment require secrecy ; and the yeas and nays of the members of either House on any question shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be entered on the journal. 4. Neither House, during the session of Congress, shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting. Section YL.— Compensation, Privileges, Etc. 1. The Senators and Representatives shall receive a compensation for their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the Treas- ury of the United States. They shall, in all cases, except treason, felony and breach of peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same ; and for any speech or debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other place. 2. No Senator or Representative shall, during the time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil ojffice under the authority wf the United States, which shall have been created, or the emolu- ments whereof shall have been increased during such time; and no person holding any office under the United States, shall be a member of either House during his continuance in office. . Section Vn . — Bills and Resolutions, Etc. 1. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives ; but the Senate may propose, or concur with amend- ments, as on other bills. 2. Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the President of the United States ; if he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall retui-n it, with his objections, to that House in which it sljall have originated, who shall enter the objections at large on tb.eir j< urnal, and proceed to reconsider it. If, after such reconsideration, two-thirds of that House shall agree i-ass the bill, it shall be sent. CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. 109 together with the objections, to the other House, by which it shall, likewise, be reconsidered ; and if approved by two-thirds of that House, it shall become a law. But in all such cases the votes of both Houses shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for and against the bill shall be entered on the jour- nal of each House respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the President within ten days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their adjournment pre- vent its return, in which case it shall not be a law. 3. Every order, resolution, or vote, to which the concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of adjournment,) shall be presented to the President of the United States ; and before the same shall take effect shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two-thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the rules and limitations prescribed in the case of a bill. Section VIII. — Powers of Congress. 1. The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States ; but all duties, im- posts and excises, shall be uniform throughout the United States. 2. To borrow money on the credit of the United States. 3. To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the sev- eral States, and with the Indian tribes. 4. To establish a uniform rule of naturalization, and uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies throughout the United States. 5. To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures. 6. To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the United States. 7. To establish post-offices and post roads. 8. To promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securifig for limited times to authors nvA inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries. 9. To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court. 10. To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and offences against the law of nations. 11. To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning captures on land and water. 12. To raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money to that use shall be for a longer tfDn than two years. 13. To provide and mainta;.. :i navy. .10 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. 14. To make rules for the government and regulation of the land and naval forces. 15. To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the Union, suppress insurrections and repel invasions. 16. To provide for organizing, arming and disciplining the militia, and for governing such part of them as may be employed in the ser- vice of the United States, reserving to the States, respectively, the appointment of the officers and the authority of training the militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress. 17. To exercise exclusive legislation, in aU cases whatsoever, over such district (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of particular States, and the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of the Government of the United States, and to exercise hke authority over all places purchased by the consent of the Legislature of the State in which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dock-yards, and other needful buildings ; and, 18. To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for car- rying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any department thereof. Section IX. — Prohibitions and Prirnleges. 1. The migration or importation of such persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohib- ited by the Congress prior to the year 1808, but a tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not exceeding ten dollars on each person. 2. The privilege of the vmt of Habeas Corpus shall not be sus- pended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the pubhc safety may require it. 3. No bill of attainder or ex-postfacto law shall be passed. 4. No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid, unless in propor- tion to the census or enumeration herein before directed to be taken. 5. No tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported from any State. 6. No preference shall be given by any regulation of commerce or revenue to the ports of one State over those of another ; nor shall vessels bound to, or from, one State, be obliged to enter, clear, or pay duties in another. 7. No money shall be drawn from the Treasury but in consequence of appropriation made by law ; and a regular statement and account of the receipts and expenditures of all public money shall be pub- lished from time to time. 8. No title of nobUity shall be granted by the United States ; and no person holding any office of profit -- trust under them, shall, with- 15 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. m out the consent Of the Congress, accept of any present, emolument, state ' ""' ^""^ ^^ whatever, from aoiy king, prince, or foregin ; Section X.— State Bestridims. 1. No State shaU enter into any treaty, alliance, or-confederation ; grant letters of marque and reprisal, coin money, emit biUs of credit make anything but gold and silver coin a-tender in payment of debts' pass any bill of attainder, ex-post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility. 2. No State shaU, without the consent of the Congress, lay any im- posts or duties on imports or exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspection laws, and the net produce of all duties and imposts, laid by any State on imports or exports, shall be for the use of the Treasury of the United States ; and aU such laws shall be subject to the revision and control of the Congress. 3. No State shaU, without the consent of Congress, lay any duty on tonage, keep troops, or ships of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with another State, or with a foreign power, or engage in war, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not admit of delay. ARTICLE n.-President. 1. The executive power shaU be vested m a President of the United States of America. He shaU hold his office during the term of four years, and together with the Vice-President, chosen for the same term, be elected as follows : 2. Each State shall appoint, m such manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a number of Electors, equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress ; but no Senator or Representative, or person hold- ing an office of trust or profit under the United States, shall be ap- pointed an Elector. 3. The electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by ballot for two persons, of whom one, at least, shall not be an inhabi- tant of the same State with themselves. And they shall make a Hst of all the persons voted for, and of the number of votes for each ; which list they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the Government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of ihe Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates, fl,nd the votes shall then be counted. The person having the great- mt number of votes shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed ; and if there be more thajj one who have such majority, and have an equal number of 112 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately choose by ballot one of them for President ; and if no person have a major- ity, then from the five highest on the list the said House shall in like manner choose the President. But in choosing the President, the votes shall be. taken by States, the representation from each State having one vote ; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a mem- ber or members from two-thirds of the States, and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. In every case, after the choice of the President, the person having the greatest number of votes of the electors shall be the Vice-President. But if there should remain two or more who have equal votes, the Senate shall choose from them by ballot the Vice-President.] [This clause altogether altered and supplied by the XII Amendment.^ 4. The Congress may determine the time of choosing the Electors, and the day on which they shaU give their votes, which day shall be the same throughout the United States. 5. No person, except a natural born citizen, or a citizen of the United States at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall be ehgible to the office of President ; neither shall any person be eligible to that office who shall not have attained to the age of thirty- five years, and been fourteen years a resident within the United States. 6. In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his death, resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the Vice-President, and the Congres may by law provide for the case of removal, death, resig- nation, or inability both of the President and Vice-President, declar- ing what officer shall then act as President, and such officer shall act accordingly, until the disability be removed, or a President shall be elected. 7. The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services a compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished dur- ing the period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that period any other emolument from the United States or any of them. 8. Before he enter on the execution of his office, he shall take the following oath or affirmation : "I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States, and will, to the best of my ability, preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States." Section n. — Potcers of the President. 1. The President shall be commander-in-chief of the army and navy of the United States, and of the militia of the several States, CONSTITUTION OF TEE UNITED STATES. ll.'J when called into the actual service of the United States ; he may require the opinion, in writing, of the principal officer in each of the executive departments upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices, and he shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons for offenses against the United States, except in cases of impeachment. 2. He shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to make treaties, provided two-thirds of the Senators present concur ; and he shall nominate, and by and with the advice and con- sent of the Senate, shall appoint ambassadors, other public ministers aud consuls, judges of the Supreme Court, and all other officers of the United States whose appointments are not herein otherwise pro- vided for, and which shall be established by law ; but the Congress may by law vest the appointment of such inferior officers as they think proper in the President alone, in the courts of law, or in the heads of departments. 3. The President shall have power to fill up all vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of their next session. Section in..—Duties of the President. 1. He shall from time to time give to the Congress information oi the state of the Union, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient ; he may, on extraordinary occasions, convene both Houses, or either of them, and, in case of disagreement between them, with respect to the tinie of adjournment, he may adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper ; he shall receive ambassadors and other public ministers ; he shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed, and shall com- mission all the officers of the United States. Section IV. — Impeachment of Officers. 1. The President, Vice-President, and all civil officers of the United States, shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and convic- tion of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors. ARTICLE Ill.-Judiciary. Section I. — Courts — Judges. 1. The Judicial power of the United States shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior Coui'ts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the Supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their offices during good behavior, and shall, at stated times, receive for their services a compensation which shall not be diminished during their continuance in offiee. • J: CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATUS. "^ Secoton n. — Jvdicial Powers — Civil, — OriminoA, 1. The judicial power shall extend to all cases in law and equity, ;:*ising under this Constitution, the laws of the United States, and treaties made, or which shall be made under their authority ; to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls ; to all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction ; to controversies to which the United States shall be a party ; to controversies between two or more States — ^between a State and the citizens of another State — between citizens of different States — between citizens of the same State claiming lands under grants of different States — and* between a State, or the citizens thereof, and foreign States, citizens or subjects. 2. In aU cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and ijonsuls, and those in which a State shall be a party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction. In all the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to the law and fact, with such exceptions, and under such regula- tions as the Congress shall make. 3. The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be hy jury ; and such trial shall be held in the State where the said crimes shall have been committed ; but when not committed withiu any State, the trial shall be at such place or places as the Oongresa may by law have directed. Section IIL— 7'?-eason. 1. Treason against the United States shall consist only in levying war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open court. 2. The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason, but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood, or forfeiture, except during the life of the person attained. ARTICLE IV.— State Rights. Section I. — Restitution and Pnvileges. 1. Full faith and credit shall be given in each State to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may by general laws prescribe the manner in which such acts, records and proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof. Section IL — Privilege of CUizens. 1. The citizens of each State shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States. 2. A person charged in any State with treason, felony, or other crime, who shaJl flee from justice, and be found in another State, shaU CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. 115 on demand of the Executive authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having jurisdiction of the crime. 3. No person held to service or labor in one State under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due. Section HX — New States. 1. New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union ; but no new State shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other State ; nor any State be formed by the junction of two or more States, or parts of States, without the consent of the Legisla- tures of the States concerned, as well as of the Congress. 2. The Congress shall have power to dispose of and make all need- ful rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to the United States, and nothing in this Constitutioa shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims of the Vnited States, or of any particular State. Section IV. — State Governments — Republican. 1. The United States shall guarantee to every State in thin Union a republican form of Government, and shall protect each of them against invasion ; and on application of the Legislatui-e, or of the Executive (when the Legislature cannot be convened), against domes- tic violence. ARTICLE v.— Amendments. 1. The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments to this Constitution, or, on the appHcation of the Legislatures of two-thirds of the several States, shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which, in either case, shall be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of this Consti- tution when ratified by the Legislatures of three-fourths of the sev- eral States, or by conventions iu three-fourths thereof, a ;the one or the other mode of ratification may be proposed by th^ Congress ; provided that no amendment which may be made prior to the year 1808 shall in any manner afiect the first and fourth clauses in the ninth section of the first article ; and that no State, without its con- sent, shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate, ARTICLE VI.-Debts. 1. AU debts contracted, and engagements entered in'<;o. before the adoption of this Constitution, shall be as valid agains-t the United States under this Constitution, as under the confederation. 2. This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof ; and all treaties made, o> which shall CONSTITJTTIOK OF THE UNITED STATES. be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land ; and the judges in every State shall be bound thereby, anything in the Constitution or laws of any State to the contrary notwithstanding. 3. The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the members of the several State Legislatures, and all executive and ju- dicial officers, both of the United States and of the several States, shall be bound, by oath or affirmation, to support this Constitution ; but no rehgious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the United States. ARTICLE VII.-Ratij(ication. 1. The ratification of the conventions of nine States shall be suffi- cient for the establishment of this Constitution between the States so ratifying the same. Done in Convention^ by the unanimous consent of the States present, the seventeenth day of September, in the year of our Lord, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-seven, and of the Independence of the United States of America, the Twelfth. In witness whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our names. GEOilGE WASHINGTON, Attest : Fresident. and Depaiy front Virginia. Wm. Jackson, Secretary. AMENDMENTS. Articles in addition to, and amendment of the Constitution of the United States of America, proposed by Congress, and ratified by the Legislatures of the several States,, pursuant to the Fifth ar- ticle of the original Coustituticn. Akticle i. Congress shaii make no law respecting au establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof | or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press ; or liie right ol the people peaceably to as- semble, and to petition the Govarnmeat for a redress of grievances. Ar.TiciiE U, A well regulated militia being iieeessar^ to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be in- fringed. AFvTICLK IXL No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner, nor in timt ■:>. vvai but in a manner to be prescribed by law. Aeticle i. i. The right of the people to be secnr • ' !ioir persons, houses, papers CONSTITUTION OF TSE UNITED STATES. ' 117 and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated ; and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, sup- ported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. AkTICLE V|; No person shall be held to answer for a capital or otherwise infa- mous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia when in actual service, in time -of war or public danger ; nor shall any person be subject, for the same offense, to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb ; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against- himself ; nor be deprived of life, liberty or property, without due process of law ; nor shall private property be taken for public use without just compensation. Abticle VL In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law ; and to be informed of the na- ture and cause of the accusation ; to be confronted with the witnesses against him ; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor ; and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense. Aeticle VJLL In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved ; and no fact tried by a jury shall be otherwise re-examined in any court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law. Abticle Vm. Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, Qor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. Ab,ticle IX. The enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. Abticle X. The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to me States respect- ively, or to the people. Abticle XL The judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States, by citizens of another State, or by citizens or subjects of any foreign State. 118 OONSTITVTION OF THE UNITED STATES. Article XII. The Electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by bal- lot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same State with themselves ; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct bal- lots the person voted for as Vice-President, and they shall make dis- tinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice-President, and of the number of votes for each, which lists they shall sign and certify, and transmit, sealed, to the seat of the Government of the United States, directed to the Presi- dent of the Senate ; the President of the Senate shall, in presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted. The person having the greatest number of votes for President shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed ; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers, not exceeding three, on the list of those voted for as Presi- dent, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by bal- lot, the President. But in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by States, the representation from each State having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the States, and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a President whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as President, as in case of the death or other constitutional disability of the President. The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice-President shall be the Vice-President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed, and if no person have a major- ity, then from the two highest numbers on the list the Senate shall choose the Vice-President ; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President, shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the United States. [An article intended as a thirteenth amendment to the Constitu- tion was proposed at the Second Session of the Eleventh Congress, but was not ratified by a sufficient number of States to become valid as a part of the Constitution. It is erroneously given in an edition oi the Laws of the United States,published by Bioren and Duane in 1815. ] [Note.— The eleventh article of the amendjnents to the Constitu- tion was proposed at the Second Session of the Third Congress; the twelfth article, at the First Session of the Eighth Congress ; and the thirteenth article at the Second Session of the Eleventh Congress. . 16 ^ CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. 119 Abticle XIII. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall ex- ist within the United States, or any place subject to their juris- diction. Abticle XTV. Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United- States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States, and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States ; nor shall any State deprive any per- son of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law, nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. Sec. 2. Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice-President of the United States, representatives in Congress, the executive and judicial oiBficers of a State, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male in- habitants of such State, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebeUion or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such State. Sec. 3. No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Con- gress, or elector of President and Vice-President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any State, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any State Legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the Con- stitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may, by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability. Sec. 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States, au- thorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebeUion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or 120 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. emancipation of any slave ; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void. Sec. 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article. Abticle XV, Section 1. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States, or by any State, on account of race or color, or previous condition of servitude. Sec. 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. OOKTENTS. Title 1 Publisher's Preface ,^, q The General Government:- President — Vice-President — State Department 3 Diplomatic Officers _,, 4 Foreign Legations in the United States 6 Treasury Department , g "War Department 7 Navy Department 8 Department of the Interior 9 Post-Oificc Department 9 Department of Justice 9 The Judiciary 10 Department of Agriculture— Government Printing Office— Department of Education. 11 Legislative Lraiich of the Government — Congressional Districts 12 Valuation of Property, etc., in the United States 13 Presidents under the Federal Constitution— Vice-Presidents — Chief-Justices of the Supreme Court.— Associate Justices of the Supreme Court 11 Apportionment of Kepresentatives 15 The Public Debt of the United States 16 Keduction of the Xational Debt from March, 1 869, to March, 1876 17 Debt of each Administration 17 United States Loans 18 Immigration 21 The Labor Question 23 The Centennial, 1876 ■ 33 Internal Revenue 38 Stamp Duties , 40 The New Finance Bill ; 42 Tariffofthe United States 43 The" Little Tariif" Law 62 Gold and Silver Coins 67 Agricultural; — Produce, Kumber of Acres, and Value of Crops tn each State, in 1870 68 Estimated Quantities, Number of Acres, and aggregate value of the Principal Crops of the Farm , in 1870 69 Average Yield of Farm Produce, per Acre, in 1870 '. 70 Average Cash Vahio of Fai-m Produce, per Acre, in 1870 72 Estimated Total Number, and Estimated Total Value of each kind of Live Stock, and the average price, in January, 1873 72 4lae Census -.—Census of the United States, taken in 1870 75 Population of all the Cities of the United States 76 Order of the States in point of Population at several periods 78 Order of Territories 78 Populatiou'of States by Eaces — Comparative Increase of Population 79 Area of the United States 79 The States of the Union 80 Bates of Postage, Foreign and Domestic 81 Postal Arrangement for Newspapers 83 Homestead for Soldiers 85 The New NaturalizatSon Law ; 86 Territx)rial Governments 89 Differences of Time ^9 The Cities ot the World 90 Thelndi-.-idiial States of the Union.. : 92 Eclncationai Statistics ^3 Religious Stati-stics of the United States in 1875 96 Chronology for luO j-ears ■ ^^ Silk Statistics ol the United States W'' Foreign Governments - ^"^ Constitution of the U. S lOf JOSEPH GILLOTT'S THE WELL-KNOWN ORKJINAL AND POPULAR NUMBERS, 303,404,170,361,332 With his other Styles, Can be Wad of all Pealef\s. JOSEPH GILLOTT & SONS, 91 John Street, NEW YORK, HENRY HOE, Sole Agent. liiliiiiiiiiMyWJi^^