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 4^ Cije Celebration fi^ 
 
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 T (!^ne J^unbrebtf) ^nnibersarp ^f 
 
 ^t^ of the birth of fi^ 
 
 fs|f WILLIAM LLOYD GARRISON ^|^ 
 
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 ^t^ By the Colored Citizens of Greater Boston under the auspices of the -^ 
 
 f$ff Suffrage League of Boston and Vicinity mAm 
 
 t|/f DECEMBER TENTH and ELEVENTH, MCMV fs|f 
 
 ^1^ With abridged accounts of celebrations held by certain churches of Greater Boston ^f^ 
 
 A Sunday Evening, December Tenth, in response to appeal of A 
 
 'T- the Suffrage League "T"' 
 
 Tib 4^ 
 
 9$jf Reported by Miss Ethel Lewis, Cambridge a^i, 
 
 . Edited by the Secretary of the Suffrage League Centenary Committee 
 
 A BOSTON A 
 
 f§f ■ . . . r| 
 
 '•^ The Garrison Centenary Committee of the Suffrage League of Boston and Vicinity \ 
 
 tb V 1906 i: 
 
 tb ^ " ^i 
 
 
L- 
 
 LIBRARY of congress) 
 Two ComtJ4 Keceivec | 
 MAV 14 I9U6 
 
 /-I Couyrifftil tiur> 
 
 CtAHS Co AAC, No. 
 
 Copyright, 1906 
 
 Garrison Centenary Committee 
 
 Publishers, 
 
 ^^".V 
 
 0^ 
 
 .d 
 
 ]!()ST()N, MASS. 
 
PREFACE 
 
 The Suffrage League of Boston and vicinity, nndc-r uIkisc 
 auspices a two days citizens' celebration of the one lunidredlli an- 
 niversary of tlie birth of Wilham Lloyd Garrison, the alxilition- 
 ist, was held in Boston, Dec. loth and nth, 1905. voted at a 
 meeting held at 3 Tremont Row. Room 19, Dec. 22nd., 1905, 
 to authorize the publication in book form of a record of this 
 citizens' celebration with an abridged account of those church 
 celebrations held Dec. 10th. 1905, in Boston and vicinitv. in 
 response to the League's appeal to clerg\'men. In pursuance 
 of that vote the Garrison Centenary Committee of the League 
 have published this book. 
 
 In its preparation and publication they have had the active 
 support of the Citizens' Committee of Arrangements of the cel- 
 ebration, and the assistance of those who took part in the i)ro- 
 gram, of invited guests, and of many other citizens. The Com- 
 mittee are especially indebted to Miss Ethel G. Lewis, who volun- 
 teered ler services as stenographer and attended nearly all of 
 the se ons of the central celebration. Through her services, and 
 the kindness of speakers who furnished manuscript, the Com- 
 mittee are able to present the main portion of every speech de- 
 livered, save one the author of which preferred its omission. They 
 are indebted to Mr. Francis J. Garrison, also, for use of several 
 cuts. 
 
 The value of this volume consists, not in its literary form — 
 for it is but a plain narrative of events — but rather in its accur- 
 ate historical record of a remarkable tribute to the memor>' of 
 one of the world's greatest moral heroes by the citizens of the 
 city where he worked, suffered and triumphed, a generation after 
 his' death. Its further value consists in the recorded utterances 
 of men and women of strong intellect and of earnest purpose, 
 some of whom knew Mr. Garrison as an intimate friend or rela- 
 tive, utterances which, taken together, constitute a notable con- 
 tribution to the literature oi agitation for human liberty and 
 equal rights. 
 
 That this book may increase veneration for the great anti- 
 slaverv agitator, lead men and women to emulate his example, 
 and help the anti-salvery cause of today, and of the future, is 
 the praver of its publishers. 
 
 Joshua A. Crav/ford, Chairman : Leigh \\\ Carter, Geo. K 
 Grant, Charles H. Llall, N. B. Marshall. Emery T. Morns. C 
 H. Plummer, A. H. Scales, Charles H. Scales, C. G. Steward, 
 Joseph Lee, Wm. Monroe Trotter, Garrison Centenary Com- 
 mittee of the Suffrage League of Boston and Vicmity. 
 
 ^ Wm. Monroe Trotter. Secretary. 
 
 Boston, January, 1906. 
 
lAl'.l.l-: ol- CONTKNTS. 
 
 KXKRCISKS OK SlNHAV, DeCKMHER IOIH. 
 
 At ihe (lr;\ve ....... 
 
 At "Ruckledge" ...... 
 
 \l the .Statue 
 
 .\t the joy Street .Vfrican liaptist Church • 
 
 KxKRt:isKs tiK MoxoAV, Dkcemmkr I I in. 
 Faneuil I Tail : 
 
 Morn in;; .Session ...... 
 
 .\fternoon Session ..... 
 
 Kvenin;^ Session ...... 
 
 ("itizeiis I MiiiiiiiU'c 
 
 7 
 17 
 
 31 
 36 
 49 
 65 
 
 .\uxiliary Churth Celehrations 60 
 
The Two Bays Citizens' Cele- 
 bration of the Garrison 
 Centenary in Boston 
 Massachusetts 
 
 Exercises of Sunday, Dec. 10, 1905 
 
 AT THE GRAVE, FOREST HILLS CEMETERY 
 
 The two-days celebration of the 
 one-hundreth anniversary of the birth 
 of William Lloyd Garrison, the 
 abolitionist, by the citizens of Great- 
 er Boston, under the auspices of 
 the Suffrage League of Boston and vi- 
 cinity, was formally opened just be- 
 fore one o'clock Sunday afternoon, 
 Dec. 10, 1905, at the grave of the 
 great anti-slavery agitator on Smilax 
 path, Forest Hills cemetery in the 
 Forest Hills district of Boston, Mass. 
 
 Tlie city recognized the celebration 
 by flying the flags at full mast Sun- 
 day and Monday from all public build- 
 ings, and many school children held 
 Garrison ex'ercises in the class room. 
 
 It had been snowing all night and 
 was still snowing when the small body 
 of admirers arrived at the goal of 
 their pilrrimage, some in hacks and 
 some on foot, among them two women 
 and a little boy. 
 
 Benjamin H. Washington, son of the 
 Stoughton florist, who was to donate 
 the wreath for the statue, and grand- 
 son of a former deacon of the Smith 
 Court church scraped the snow from 
 the grave stone and William Monroe 
 Trotter, son of the late Lieut. James 
 M. Trotter of the 55th Mass. Regiment, 
 removed the snow from the top of the 
 grave. When the small company had 
 
 drawn reverently near Mr. .1. A. Craw- 
 ford, chairman of the Garrison Cen- 
 tenary committee of the Bos- 
 ton Suffrage League, in a few 
 well chosen words, declared the 
 "Citizens' Celebration, under the 
 auspices of the Boston Suffrage 
 League, opened, saying how much the 
 Colored people revered the name of 
 Garrison for his services in the cause 
 of liberty and taking hope from the 
 uniting of all elements of this people 
 to honor Garrison's memory. 
 
 He then called upon Chairni?,n Dan- 
 iel H. Miner of the Citizen's Wreath 
 Committee, who placed two wreaths 
 upon the tablet, assisted by Mr. Emery 
 T. Morris, nephew of Robert .\rorris, 
 the great lawyer of the early times. 
 
 One wreath was donated by the 
 Boylston street florists. Houghton and 
 Clark, and the other by -Mr. J. H. 
 McKenzie, member of the wreath com- 
 mittee. Then Rev. S. J. Comfort, pas- 
 tor of the Calvary Baptist church, of- 
 fered a fervent prayer in part as fol- 
 lows: 
 
 We bless Thee today for the name 
 of Garrison and for the great army of 
 good men and women whom Thou 
 didst raise up to defend the cause of 
 the oppressed. Thou hast especially 
 jjromised in Thy word to help those 
 who are crushed by the hand of op- 
 
.. tm — )-m ■ lie 
 
 GRAVE OF GARRISON 
 
 SMiLAX PATH, FOREST HILLS CEMETERY, BOSTON 
 
BIRTH OF WILI.IAM LLON'D (lAKKISOM 
 
 pression, and we acknowledge that we 
 are the beneficiaries of this precious 
 promise by the life of him whose 
 name we revere and commemorate to- 
 day. For, when sin and avarice were 
 enthroned in the heart of the nation, 
 when the national conscience was 
 asleep, and when ministers of the 
 precious gospel of Jesus Christ apolo- 
 gized and helped to tighten the awful 
 fetters upon the slave, it was then 
 that Thou didst call from the ranks of 
 the people William Lloyd Garrison, 
 who became our friend and our broth- 
 er, and gave his life for the freedom 
 of the slave. We thank Thee for the 
 unselfish example of his life by which 
 he suffered in the midst of poverty, 
 and for the great heroism of his soul 
 in that he would not be silent, but in 
 spite of unjust laws and mob violence 
 he continued to deliver the message of 
 his soul until this nation was shaken 
 from center to circumference, and the 
 shackles of human slavery were burst 
 asunder. We w^orship Thy name today 
 that Thou didst give such a man to 
 this nation, a man, who in the midst 
 of persecution dared to stand alone 
 and proclaim the Fatherhood of God, 
 and the Brotherhood of man. In this 
 land of the free, where the gospel of 
 Thy dear son is preached every Sab- 
 bath, we are still deprived of the 
 equal benefits of the law. We are 
 lynched and proscribed against, our 
 pathway is hedged in by caste pre- 
 judice even now, the weak are 
 wronged and oppressed by the strong. 
 We know that Thou art a covenant- 
 keeping God. Thou didst come down 
 in answer to the cry of Thy people 
 Israel, to deliver them and in answer 
 to the groans ascending from huts and 
 cabins of slave plantations Thou didst 
 raise up the anti-slavery society and 
 delivered four millions from that" cruel 
 bondage. We beseech Thee that Thou 
 wouldst sanctify the memories that 
 are revived today by a reaffirma- 
 tion of those self-evident truths; 
 that all men are created equal and 
 endowed by their creator with certain 
 inalienable rights, among which are 
 life, liberty, and the pursuit of happi- 
 ness. We pray at this time for grace 
 
 that we may ever remember our debt 
 of gratitude fo^r the noble nn'n and 
 women, who lal)ored for the cause of 
 justice and equality. Help us as citi- 
 zens of this great rei)ul)lic. and in our 
 domestic affairs to live worthy of all 
 that they have done for us. \Vc pray 
 for the emanciijalion of this nation 
 from the sin of unjust legislation, and 
 that from the ceremonies of lliis day 
 there may be a revival of the Garri- 
 sonian fiery zeal, consecrated by the 
 spirit of Thy dear Son, and that it 
 may continue to burn until the equal 
 rights of a man shall be acknowledged 
 everywhere." 
 
 At the close of the prayer, while 
 heads were still bowed Mr. Morris be- 
 gan short tributes, saying: "Here is 
 the grave of him who said "My Coun- 
 try is the world. My Countrymen are 
 all mankind." Mr. Philip B. Downing 
 son of the late lamented Geo. T. 
 Downing, spoke of his great love for 
 the dead hero and urged that Colored 
 people unite to agitate. Mrs. D. H. 
 Miner told of how her grandmother, 
 "Mam" Riley, sold copies of the Lib- 
 erator to help Mr. Garrison, after he 
 came out of jail. 
 
 Mr. Crawford urged that a Commit- 
 tee place a wreath on the grave every 
 year. Mr. T. P. Taylor told of first 
 meeting Mr. Garrison in July. 1S.")7. of 
 the Colored men he found in his office 
 and of his love for the man. Mr. 
 TVotter told of his admiration for 
 Garrison and urged that all rededicate 
 themselves to agitate for equal rights. 
 
 Others present at the grave were 
 Mrs. Ellen Rahn, her grandson Master 
 William Davenport, Dr. J. R. Stroud, 
 Mr. Charles A. King, with reception 
 badges, his wife being secretary of 
 the reception committee; Mr. L. J. 
 Lynch, Mr. W. M. Lashly and Mr. J. 
 O. Boone. 
 
 Then all Wended their way back to 
 the main thoroughfare and took cars 
 for the iStatue exercises. 
 
 The citizens' committee on Wreath 
 were Mr. D. H. Miner, chairman. Mrs. 
 Ellen Rahn. Mrs. Arianna C. Sparrow, 
 Mr. J. H. McKenzie, Mr. Joseph Lee. 
 
ROCKLEDGE " HOMESTEAD OF GARRISON 
 1 2B HIGHLAfMD STREE"' ROXBURY DISTRICT, BOSTON 
 
Jit "Rockledge" 
 
 THE HOMESTEAD OF GARRISON 
 
 Now St,. Monica's Home. 
 
 At 1 o'clock the second session of the 
 citizens' celebration began at St. Mon- 
 ica's Home for Sick Colored Women 
 and Children at 125 Highland street, 
 Roxl)ury in the house which was the 
 last home of the great anti-slavery agi 
 tator. 
 
 This session was in charge of the 
 St. Monica's Aid Sewing circle, and 
 the St. Monica's Relief association, 
 two organizations of Colored women 
 that give financial aid to this hospital 
 which is conducted by the noble Sister 
 Catherine of the Episcopalian Sisters 
 of St. Margaret, and here again, de- 
 spite the storm and long, high climb 
 to "Rockledge," a goodly number of 
 women and several men were present 
 to show their devotion. One of the 
 latter was Mr. John D. Willard, who 
 had been a personal friend of Mr. 
 Garrison and a subscriber to the Lib- 
 erator. He was the organist in 
 Theodore Parker's church. The last 
 time he had visited the house was 
 when Mr. Garrison was living. 
 
 The exercises, which were held in 
 the room named the "Garrison Ward," 
 a large, rectangular room, formerly 
 used as the parlor of the homestead, 
 were presided over by an ardent ad- 
 mirer of Mr. Garrison, Rev. David K. 
 Wallace, assistant pastor of the Epis- 
 copal Mission of St. Martin's on Lenox 
 street. He began by saying the com- 
 pany were gathered together on that 
 memorable occasion at the home of 
 the great hero, and should begin with 
 prayer, commending themselves to Al- 
 mighty God. In his prayer he thanked 
 the Almighty that he had sent a son 
 to be a deliverer to the children of 
 African descent, and had permitted 
 them to witness the 100th anniversary 
 of the birth of the great emancipator. 
 
 Rev. Wallace then addressed those 
 assembled. He said it was his lot 
 to be chairman as well as to pray. 
 
 Rev. Father Wallace said in part: — 
 
 It is my lot to be chairman of this 
 meeting, and I assure you that it is 
 
 a very great honor. It does not often 
 come to one of my years to occupy 
 so honorable a position, when you 
 realize that only a year or so before 
 Garrison's death I was an infant in 
 arms. And so I feel it a great privil- 
 ege and a very pleasant one to be here 
 in the very home of Garrison, in this 
 place where he found a refuge from 
 the great storm and stress of his life. 
 I think the friends of Garrison could 
 have chosen no better place than this 
 haven. Here, perched upon the ledges 
 named fitly "Rockledge," he found 
 peace from the great stress and strain 
 and storms and wrecks of the anti- 
 slavery struggle. And from this high 
 eminence we can imagine him look- 
 ing out into the world, seeing the 
 peace that came to the many millions 
 of souls because of his untiring, his 
 unselfish labor. We know that Gar- 
 rison was a man of peace, and we do 
 not want to lose sight of that fact 
 simply because the end of his labors 
 resulted in one of the greatest of 
 civil wars. He was a man who be- 
 lieved that his cause, the cause which 
 he espoused could be a peaceable 
 one, and in the articles of the con- 
 stitution of the anti-slavery society 
 there is special mention of the fact 
 that peaceable methods were to be 
 used. It is not Garrison's fault that 
 there was the storm and the stress of 
 it all. It was not his fault that this 
 country was convulsed in a dread 
 civil war. Not his fault in the least. 
 Had men hearkened to his wise words 
 in the ])eginning, or if they had re- 
 pented later and hearkened even after 
 a time, this whole cause of the de- 
 livery of an oppressed people would 
 have been peaceably settled. We think 
 at this time of the great anti-slavcrv 
 liberators of Great Britain, — of Wil- 
 berforce, of Pitts, and Fox, and those 
 other great men. And we think from 
 time to time of the peaceable settle- 
 ment of the slavery question in Eng- 
 land and its colonies, and we wish that 
 it could have been peaceably settled 
 
ONK III Nl)kK1»riI AXXIVKKSARV 
 
 here. But, my friends, we must realize 
 that this country was nut England, 
 and that the people of this country 
 could not be influenced by argument 
 like the people of England and the 
 people in their parliament. So it 
 seemed that there had to be this 
 great conflict. 
 
 We think of William Lloyd Garri- 
 son in this his homestead, the haven 
 wliere he found i)eace after the strife. 
 It is not given to men always to see 
 the consummation of their efforts, 
 but it WHS given to William Lloyd 
 Garrison to see the results of his life- 
 long agitation. And finally after the 
 results were accomplished he was able 
 to come to this haven of rest and 
 peace. And now we gather here in 
 this haven, and think of that great 
 man. and wish and pray that he may 
 have peace forever more, an everlast- 
 ing peace. 
 
 Mrs. Wm. O. Goodell, secretary of 
 the Relief association, then read very 
 entertainingly the salutatory of The 
 Liberator published Jan. 1. 1S31. after 
 which Mrs. Geraldine L. Trotter, ex- 
 president of the Relief association, in 
 the absence of the president, Mrs. 
 Georue Glover, was called upon. 
 
 Mrs. Trotter said in part: 
 
 1 had wished for a pleasant day 
 today. I wanted the sun to shine and 
 the birds to sing or chirrup, as they 
 do In the winter, but I think as God 
 looked Lack over the years of Garri- 
 son. He thought such a day as this 
 would better stand for his life. We 
 should be willing to do for Garrison 
 the things he did for us. How many 
 times he trudged through the cold, 
 bleak and snow, ;ind talked to a few 
 people, and took the criticism of the 
 many for our good. 
 
 And B«j to<lav I think he nnust be 
 lo(jkiiig down on us here as wo gather 
 to do him honor, pleased with our aj)- 
 I»reelatlon of his life. 1 renlly. when 
 I think it over, am glad tli.il the day 
 is not fine, liecaus*' It will show how 
 many <if us really apjireciate what he 
 did for UH. And what more fitting 
 placo could there be than this, in 
 which to gather to do his memory lu>n- 
 <ir. Here, after {Jarrison had spent his 
 \n'Ht venrH flghtlng for the freedom of 
 the HhiveK, years other men would 
 have tiwd to aicumulate we.-ijih. when 
 ho wiiM nn old man. and his friends who 
 apprcelatod what he had done had 
 c«j|lc«<-ted n large sum of money and 
 pn'H«>ni*>d It to hlni. buying this place. 
 
 he came to live. This place stands for 
 the sacrifice he made and in its pres- 
 ent capacity stands for the secrifice 
 made by others. 
 
 It is now a haven for the sick, 
 cared for by people who have given up 
 much to be here. Here his wife, who 
 had been his true helpmeet through 
 all his trials, lived an "invalid until 
 she passed on to the Higher Life." l 
 believe in this very room his daughter 
 was married. This home is a place of 
 sacred memories, a hallowed spot, and 
 I say, what better place could we be 
 in today, where better could we honor 
 this man's memory, or draw the les- 
 son of what we should do? And I 
 think that each one of us should 
 pledge ourselves to make some sacri- 
 fice, to do something for the good of 
 others. Just as he sacrificed himself 
 for us, we should make some sacrlace 
 ourselves in his honor. Today what 
 do we honor about Garrison? Is it 
 the material things? No. It is the 
 moral stand he took, the fight he made 
 for the down-trodden, the voice he 
 raised for those who had no voice, the 
 courage that stood for the right, 
 though all the world were on the oth- 
 er side. This m.an who was mobbed 
 in the streets of Boston by respectable 
 people — men with silk hats and frock 
 coats, for us — how many of us are now 
 willing to do for our own what that 
 man did for us? How many of us are 
 willing to stand out against the 
 broadcloth mob. to stand br what is 
 right in snite of the criticism of the 
 many? That is the great lesson we 
 Colored people should learn, those of 
 us who have had the advantages of ed- 
 ucation, who have seen life in its 
 broadest light, to be willing to sacri- 
 fice and to care as much for our race 
 as he did. in do for our down-trodden 
 l)eople all in our power, for those 
 who are not able to stand up for 
 themselves to stand up for them, to 
 nuike their cause our cause, their 
 sufferings our suffering, as Garrison 
 said "I made the slaves case from the 
 start and always my own. My wife 
 and children were they made for the 
 auction block? Never:" Let us 
 do that, let us do as niucli as we 
 can for the oppressed, and may no 
 words of ours be words of con- 
 demnation of our own. Let us act so 
 tli;il wlu-n we meet (Jarrison in the 
 great beyond he will know we api)re- 
 clated the sacrifice he made for us. 
 
 In behalf of the Aid Sewing circle, a 
 
HELEN ELIZA GARRISON 
 NOBLE WIFE OF THE GREAT ANTI-SLAVERY AGITATOR 
 
i6 
 
 ONK IllNDKKI) III \NN1\KRS.\R\' 
 
 pofin f(inu>()Sf(l by Mr. Ganisun him- 
 self, entitled "The Sonj: of the Aboli- 
 tionist," was read effectively by .Miss 
 Bessie Lee, daughter of Mrs. Robort 
 Lee. treasurer of the sewin;: circle. 
 
 Mrs. Arianna C- Snarrow then save 
 brief Dersonal reminiscences of Mr. 
 Garrison. She said she was perhaps 
 the only one present who had come 
 within the radiancs of Mr. Garrison's 
 personal influence. She was bro.i°ht 
 by her mother, who escaped from slav- 
 ery, to Boston, and was met by the la- 
 mented Lewis Hayden. and taken to 
 his house, which was a hot-bed of an- 
 ti-slavery activity. Her mother and 
 she were taken to the anti-slavery so- 
 ciety's rooms, and there Mr. Garrison 
 put his loving arms around her, and 
 she remembered the sensation to this 
 day, as one feels when singing the 
 hymns of being in the arms of .lesus. 
 
 Mrs. Sparrow's remarks were very 
 brief, she saying that all else she 
 could add was to hope for the auspi- 
 cious ending of an event so auspi- 
 
 ciously begun, as she was too deeply 
 stirred for speech. 
 
 Rev. Wallace then closed, saying 
 the occasion had been touching, and 
 would not soon fade from memory. All 
 who felt so inclined were invited by 
 the ladies to leave a donation for the 
 work, and then he pronounced the 
 benediction, after which most of those 
 present went out in the storm to take 
 cars for the statue exercises. 
 
 The officers of the Sewing circle are: 
 Mrs. E. J. Benjamin, president; Mrs. 
 Frank Turpin, vice-president; Mrs. 
 Campbell, 2d vice-i)resident; Mrs. Robt. 
 Lee, treasurer; Mrs. O. Armstead, sec- 
 retary; officers of Relief association,. 
 Mrs. George S. Glover, president; Mrs. 
 Adelaide S. Terry, vice-president; Mrs. 
 W. O. Goodell, secretary; Miss Maude 
 Trotter, assistant secretary; Mrs. 
 George F. Grant, treasurer; commit-- 
 tee on session, Mrs. E. .J. Benjamin, 
 Mrs. Anthony Smith, Mrs. Lillian Car- 
 roll. 
 
 '■'^^i^m''^- 
 
At the Statue 
 
 ON COMMONWEALTH AVENUE MALL 
 
 The third session of the citizens' 
 celebration took place at 2.30 at the 
 statue of Garrison on Commonwealth 
 avenue, and the interest and devotion 
 shown by the school children and by 
 the old men was a most inspiring- 
 sight. 
 
 When the men and women who had 
 gone to the grave reached Copley 
 square, they found several hundred 
 Sunday school children from the va- 
 rious Colored churches in Boston and 
 Cambridge assembled in the corridors 
 of the Public Library, in charge of 
 Mrs. Olivia Ward Bush. Conspicuous 
 among their teachers were Mr. Philip 
 J. AUston and Mr. John W. Williams, 
 superintendent at the Zion A. M. E. 
 church. There also were many citi- 
 zens present. 
 
 At 2.30 the company formed in line, 
 the procession being headed by the 
 Boston brass band, Mr. Henry Dixon, 
 leader, followed by the Robt. G. Shaw 
 Veteran association and a few mem- 
 bers of the Peter Salem Garrison, 
 Spanish War Veterans, and Robt. Bell 
 post, G. A. R. Behind these came C. 
 G. Morgan, Rev. E. A. Horton, Capt. 
 Charles L. Mitchell and Mr. J. N. But- 
 ler, members of the Boston Suffrage 
 League and Citizens' committees, then 
 the Sunday school children, led by 
 Mrs. Bush and attended by their 
 teachers, and then the citizens, men 
 and women. As the ckimes of the 
 Arlington Street church began to play 
 the tune of the "Battle Hymn of the 
 Republic," the procession started out 
 of the Library and in the snow storm 
 proceeded to Commonwealth avenue, 
 the sidewalks having been cleared for 
 the occasion by the city employes. As 
 the line turned into the boulevard it 
 was met with a blast of wind and sleet 
 that nearly took the children and wo- 
 men off their feet. Tlie slush was 
 ankle deep and the wind biting cold. 
 But, undaunted, the line moved across 
 the street into the mall and up to the 
 
 statue and encircled it. As they 
 reached the statue the children sang 
 two verses of the "Battle Hymn of the 
 Republic," the band i)laying the tune, 
 the chimes pealing it forth and Mr. 
 Geo. Shari)er playing on the cornet. 
 The children read the verses from 
 souvenir cards, on one side of which 
 was the cut of the statue and on the 
 other a cut of Mr. Garrison. 
 
 At the statue the procession met the 
 venerable John W. Hutchinson, the 
 famous singer in the anti-slavery days. 
 
 The exercises were opened by C. G. 
 Morgan, Esq., as vico-president of the 
 Boston Suffrage League. This exer- 
 cise was, indeed, the most heroic of 
 them all. Speaking in a voice of won- 
 derful strength and richness, he said; 
 
 The day is very inclement, so we 
 shall remain at the statue but a very 
 few moments. I desire on behalf of 
 the citizens of Boston to say that we 
 have come here today to pay honor 
 to the greatest moral hero that Amer- 
 ica ever produced. And we believe 
 the greatst moral hero the world ever 
 saw, but one, and that excei)tion the 
 great Master of Men. William Lloyd 
 Garrison was undoubtedly the central 
 figure in that great struggle for human 
 liberty, for which the 19th century un- 
 doubtedly stands. We have come to- 
 day to place on this monument erect- 
 ed in his honor by citizens of this his- 
 toric city a very small indication of 
 the love and affection which we bear 
 him, and that indication is only a sym- 
 bol of that chaplet which our hearts 
 will always wreathe and keep eter- 
 nally green. 
 
 It gives me great pleasure to intro- 
 duce to you here today as the friend 
 who will place it upon this memorial 
 monument one of the friends who 
 went to the front from Massachu- 
 setts, one of the heroes of the big 
 contest, our esteemed friend, Capt. 
 Charles L. Mitchell. 
 
 Capt. Mitchell, assisted by Mr. Nath- 
 aniel Butler, who worked in the of- 
 
GARBIS ON STATUE ON CCWMONWEALIH AVENUE MALL, BOSTON 
 
BIRTH OF WILLIAM LLOVI) CARRISON 
 
 »9 
 
 fice of the "Liberator," placed the 
 wreath on the statue. It was a grand 
 sight to see these two venerable Col- 
 ored friends and former employes of 
 the great abolitionist hobble up to 
 the statue and place the wreath at its 
 base. 
 
 The wreath was donated by Mr. 
 Benjamin F. Washington, the florist 
 of Stoughton, Mass. It was made up 
 by his daughter, Miss Addie H. Wash- 
 ington. 
 
 The Rev. E. A. Horton, chaplain of 
 the state senate, then offered a won- 
 derful prayer. He said: "Almighty 
 God. thou hast given us this beloved 
 land that we may have happy homes 
 and artful pursuits, but we thank 
 Thee most of all that Thou hast given 
 us illustrious, ardent souls that 
 inspired the minds and thrilled the 
 hearts of the freemen and freewomen 
 of this Republic. And here today, with 
 love, with an esteem that can- 
 not be measured by words, 
 we place this chaplet. This is 
 not the first time, gracious Guardian 
 of the race, that these people 
 have had overcast skies and trou- 
 blous times around them, and this 
 is not the first time that they 
 have come through victorious to 
 sing their psalms of thanksgiving. 
 And Our Father, may these peo- 
 ple, our brethren, as they celebrate 
 these two days, the memory of this 
 great man, so teach all citizens that 
 forever and foremost in this land are 
 liberty and justice and brotherhood, 
 and may the exercises here brightly 
 close, as it were, and bring the sun- 
 shine of happiness and encouragement 
 to every one of them and to every 
 one of us. Gracious God, we do not 
 forget, though busy and prosperous in 
 the present hour, what Thou hast 
 done for us in the past, what has been 
 done for us by those who in that day 
 
 and generation were buffetted and 
 scorned and were bo cruelly misunder- 
 stood. Our Heavenly Father, hear our 
 prayer. Bless those children, that 
 they may grow »ip into true manhood 
 and true womanhood. and all 
 nationalities, all faiths, and all pooi)l<'S 
 may live together beneath the Hag 
 that means equality before the law. 
 This prayer we ask for those gathered 
 here and for the millions throughout 
 the Republic who arc thinking of us 
 at this hour. And this we ask as disci- 
 ples of the Christ and as children of 
 the Father. Amen." 
 
 Then Mr. Hutchinson, standing in 
 that howling gale, took his position 
 on the pedestal of the statue of his 
 former friend and co-laborer and ex- 
 plained and sang in strong, melodious 
 tones the old-fashioned anti-slavery 
 songs, his long, white beard swaying 
 in the wind. 
 
 At the close the line started for a 
 short distance and then broke ranks, 
 many going to the Smith Court syna- 
 gogue exercises. Mr. Mitchell and 
 Mr. Butler were taken there in a car- 
 riage. 
 
 Two carriages containing members 
 of the Garrison family, drove up to 
 the statue while the exercises were in 
 progress. 
 
 The officers and members of the 
 Boston Brass band, who rendered 
 such fine service, marching through 
 the storm to the statue are Mr. Henry 
 Dixon, leader; Mr. James F. Ander- 
 son, manager; Mr. T. Singleton, sec- 
 retary; Mr. J. J. Dixon, treasurer; 
 Mr C. Sullivan, librarian; Mr. Geo. 
 Jordan, president; Anderson. Sulli- 
 van, Mack. Cvawder, Leaney. Graves, 
 Wilder J. W. Johnson, Colbert. J. 
 Johnson, J. Moore. Gillespie. Connell 
 Rilev, Stewart. Fynes. Hodges. Sooti. 
 Jordan, Walker, Salter. Carter, Single- 
 ton, J. Dixon Lambert. 
 
JOY STREET AFRICAN BAPTIST CHURCH. SMITH COURT. BOSTON 
 WHERE GARRISON BEGAN ORGANIZED OPPOSITION TO SLAVERY 
 
Jit the "AnthSlavery Fortress" 
 
 OLD JOY STREET AFRICAN BAPTIST CHURCH 
 
 Now Synagogue Libavitz 
 
 The I'onrtli session of the Citi 
 zens' celebration began soon after 3 
 o'cloclv, time being conceded to 
 allow those who had faced the storm 
 of sleet on the Commonwealth avenue 
 boulevard, to reach the building, the 
 Synagogue of the Congregation Liba- 
 vitz, formerly the Joy street African 
 Baptist church in Smith court, a sa- 
 cred spot in the anti-slavery history 
 of Boston. The session was in charge 
 of the Boston Literary and Historical 
 Association and the St. Mark Musical 
 and Literary Union, Boston's leading 
 literary societies. 
 
 The auditorium of the old church 
 where Mr. Garrison founded the New 
 England Anti-Slavery society in 1832, 
 and where many stirring events in 
 those days took place, and the gal- 
 leries wei-e filled to overflowing. Every 
 available seat was taken and peopk 
 standing reached out in the corridors 
 In fact as many as it was deemed saft 
 for the building's strength were crowd- 
 ed into it. There was some effort 
 necessary at first to make the men un- 
 derstand that they should keep thei; 
 heads covered in accord with the cus- 
 tom of the Jews in their synagogues. 
 Seated on the small altar platform 
 were: Mr. Francis J. Garrison, son 
 of the Abolitionist, and member of the 
 great publishing house of Houghton, 
 Mifflin & Company, and Butler R. Wil- 
 son, Esq.. president of the Boston Lit- 
 erary Association. On the first step 
 Miss Maude A. Trotter, president of 
 the tSt. Mark Union, was seated and 
 below and in front of the altar sat 
 Misses Lillian Chapelle and Bessie V. 
 Trotter; secretaries of the St. Marks 
 and of the Boston Literary respective- 
 ly and the speakers. 
 
 Very attractive souvenir programs 
 of this session were distributed as were 
 the souvenir programs of the whole 
 Citizens' two days' ceremonies. 
 
 The ushers at this session from 
 
 the Boston Literary and St. Mark 
 Union were Misses Bessie Lee, Pearl 
 Scottron, Theresa and l.,ci]a Stiibbs. 
 Maggie Walker and Kalhryn Wright. 
 
 In opening Mr. Wilson said in i)art: 
 
 The object of our meeting today is 
 to observe the looth anniversary of 
 the birth of William Lloyd Garrison. 
 Of the value of his work and labor for 
 liberty and humanity we are not yet 
 perhaps able to speak with calm, dis- 
 l)assionate judgnuMit. Our love and 
 affection for him are still too warm 
 and deep to allow us to make a full 
 comprehensive analysis. The sigh in 
 the soul and the throb in the heart 
 are still ours. We cannot forget that 
 on our account no American was ever 
 so bitterly criticised and reviled. For 
 us he lived in the white light of a 
 cruel public criticism for a half cen- 
 tury. For us he went to jail. He 
 faced mobs around him; senators and 
 members of congress could be bought; 
 ])ress and puli)it could be throttled; 
 l)ublic opinion could be intimidated: 
 the conscience of a great people that 
 would flame at the theft of a dollar 
 could be lulled into indifference at 
 the theft of men and women. But 
 this man of simi)le manners, of plain 
 speech, of sweet temper, of modest, 
 retiring disposition, took a stand for 
 righteousness and justice, and though 
 the storms of opposition cavorted all 
 round about him, he stood there until 
 the storms had passed away and the 
 sunshine shone again. Fen- us staml 
 ing immovable, because for us h< 
 stood for the right. 
 
 I like best to think of Mr. Garri 
 son's simple manners, the simplicity 
 of his home life. It seems to me that 
 in all the matter that we have con- 
 cerning him there is this one great 
 tribute to be gathered, neither friend 
 nor foe ever attacked the sweet, 
 white, clean personal living that was 
 his always. 
 
( ) NK H I • X I ) R 1-: DT n A X X I \' K RSA R Y 
 
 Then Miss Emily Hallowell, of the 
 well kiiDWii abolitionist family, and 
 Mrs. Mattie A. McAdoo sang two duets 
 mast charmingly, plantation jubilee 
 songs, "Nobody Knows de Trouble I 
 See." and "Is Massa Gwine to Sell 
 Me ."" 
 
 After the singing Mr. Wil.-on in- 
 troduced Mr. Frank J. Garrison, son 
 of the Abolitionist, who he said had 
 only tome at the committee's most ur- 
 gent request. 
 
 Mr. Garrison .said in i)art: 
 
 When 1 was told that a meeting was 
 to be held in the Joy Street church, 
 and was urged to address it, I could 
 not refuse the request, for if there Is 
 u spot in all this wide country where 
 it is fitting that this day should be 
 commemorated, it is in this old church 
 in which my father began his organ- 
 ized opposition to slavery, and struck 
 the keynote for the multitude of anti- 
 slavery societies which sprang up over 
 the north as the consequence of the 
 one founded here on the Cth of Jan- 
 uary, 1832. 
 
 No man made self of less considera 
 tion and to none was incense-burning 
 more distasteful (than my father). 
 
 If he could speak today, therefore, 
 he would pray to be spared eulogy, 
 and especially if offered by men who 
 are iniiifferent or recreant to the prin- 
 ciples of the Declaration of Independ- 
 ence and the Golden Rule, on which 
 he based his warfare. For his advo 
 cacy of liberty and justice had noth- 
 ing to do with the complexion, sex 
 or nationality of those for whom he 
 pleaded — these simply marked the vic- 
 tims f)f oppression. Human rights 
 are the same everywhere, and in de- 
 claring the world to De nis country 
 and ail mankind his countrymen, he 
 claimed the right tcj vindicate them. 
 n-gardlc'Ks of geographical boundaries 
 an<l human enactments. 
 
 Hut there can l)e no question as to 
 the sincerity of tlie tributes of grati- 
 tude that win be |)ald to William 
 Ll«»yd Garrison today by the race 
 whom he helped to liberate from bond- 
 age, and it Is most appropriate that 
 nienibers o'' it should hold a scMvice 
 In this building, where the first so- 
 ciety In America to demand the Im- 
 mediate and unconditional abolition of 
 Hiavery was formed. Mr. Garrison said 
 hlH father had no sentiment for build- 
 'tigH. I'.ul If virtue and piety are 
 .light bv lh<iHe old l.indmarks. then 
 
 surely the emancipated race in this 
 country may well regard this building 
 in which we are assembled as the Ark 
 of their Covenant. 
 
 I do not recall anything in my fa- 
 ther's career that illustrates more 
 strikingly his sure instinct, his in- 
 domitable courage, his unwavering 
 confidence in the power of truth over 
 all obstacles, than the stand he took 
 that stormy winter evening in the lit- 
 tle schoolroom downstairs. 
 
 Towards the close of the year (1,S:!1) 
 he took steps for the formation of a 
 society to extend the agitation which 
 he had begun single-handed, and, af- 
 ter three preliminary meetings, fifteen 
 persons gathered here in this building 
 on the evening of January 6, 1832, to 
 complete the organization. When the 
 preamble of the Constitution came up 
 for discussion, my father found that 
 three of his warmest supporters and 
 closest friends were unprepared to 
 subscribe their names to the demand 
 for immediate emancipation. They 
 believed in the doctrine. Two of them 
 — the only two with pecuniary re- 
 sources — had helped tide the "Liber- 
 ator" over the financial shoals of its 
 first year, and they were the only 
 members of the gathering who could 
 have been said to have what is called 
 social standing in the community. "It 
 is a mistake," they pleaded, "in try- 
 ing to form a society and gain ad- 
 herents, to demand immediate eman- 
 cipation, for it will repel many good 
 Hien who would otherwise join us. Say 
 gr?:dual emancipation, and many will 
 come to us." "Undoubtedly," replied 
 my father, "but they will not be worth 
 a straw. We must plant ourselves 
 on the bed-rock of immediatism. If 
 human beings can be justly held in 
 bondage a sin.gle hour, they can be 
 held for days and weeks and years, 
 and so on indefinitely, from genera- 
 tion to generation. The question of 
 exi)e(liency has nothing to clo with the 
 question of right, and it is not for 
 those who tyrannize to say when they 
 may safely break the chains of their 
 subjects. As well may a thief deter- 
 mine on what jiarticular day or month 
 he shall leave off stealing, with safe- 
 ty to his own interest. Come, let us 
 proceed We have twelve, the apos- 
 tolic number, to begin with, even if 
 you cannot join us." And so, undis- 
 heartened by this withholding of his 
 Weightiest associates — Samuel E. Sew 
 all. Ellis Gray Loring and David Lee 
 Child — he went ahead, and twelve 
 
BIRTH Ol" WILLIAM LLU\ 1) CJARKISOX 
 
 23 
 
 men, of whom not more than one or 
 two could have put a hundred dol- 
 lars into the treasury without bank- 
 rupting themselves, formed the New 
 England Anti-Slavery society. (Ap- 
 plause.) Five of these were Mr. Gar- 
 rison, his faithful partner, Isaac 
 Knapp, Oliver Johnson, afterwards 
 editor of the Anti-Slavery Standard, 
 Arnold Buffum, a Quaker hatter, and 
 Joshua Coffin, who had been school- 
 master to the poet Whittier. The oth- 
 er seven names you will not recog 
 nize, but I will read them in comple- 
 tion of this roll of honor: Robert B. 
 Hall, William J. Snelling, John E. Ful- 
 ler, Moses Thacher, Stillman B. New- 
 comb, Benjamin C. Bacon, Henry K. 
 Stockton. 
 
 "A fierce northeast storm, combin- 
 ing snow, rain and hail, was raging 
 that night," wrote Oliver Johnson, 
 "and the streets were full of slush." 
 They were very dark, too, for the city 
 of Boston in those days was very eco- 
 nomical of light on this side of Bea- 
 con Hill. It almost seemed as if na- 
 ture were frowning upon the effort to 
 abolish slavery, but as the little com- 
 pany that formed the new society 
 were stepping out into the storm and 
 darkness from the African school- 
 house, Mr. Garrison impressively re- 
 marked: "We have met tonight in 
 this obscure schoolhouse; our mem- 
 bers are few and our influence limit- 
 ed; but, mark my prediction, Faneuil 
 Hall shall ere long echo with the prin- 
 ciples we have set forth. We shall 
 shake the nation by their mighty pow- 
 er." 
 
 The roll of members which I hold 
 in my hand, and which increased in 
 numbers to seventy-two during the 
 next two years, contains the names 
 of many well-known Colored men of 
 that day. I know not how many of 
 them will be recognized by members 
 of this audience, but some of them 
 were household names in my boyhood, 
 and I know in what warm esteem my 
 father held John T. Hilton, the bar- 
 ber in Howard street. Coffin Pitts, the 
 clothes dealer in Brattle street, James 
 C. Barbadoes, Philip A. Bell, and John 
 P. Pero, another barber. There were 
 at least five barbers on the roll, and 
 undoubtedly they improved their ex- 
 ceptional opportunities for debate and 
 discussion while shaving and trim- 
 ming their customers! Then there 
 was John E. Scarlett, a chimney- 
 sweep, and one of the little band of 
 Colored men who constituted them- 
 
 selves a body-guard to my fallier. and 
 soiiu'tiines followed him on Ills l)elated 
 and lonely midnight walks ovt-r Bos- 
 ton Neck to his Roxbury home, in tlie 
 fall and winter of ],s:n. to miard him 
 against assault. There was Joel \V. 
 Lewis, a blacksmith, Rolierts, a steve- 
 dore, Hannibal Lewis, a shoemaker, 
 and Solomon R. Alexander, a shoe- 
 maker and carpenter in one. Other 
 barbers were Thomas Cole, .John H. 
 Cutler, and James Barr, and thert' 
 were two waiters, Thomas Brown and 
 Thomas Dalton. And, finally, tlicie 
 was Thomas Paul, the Negro appren- 
 tice boy who was the "only visible 
 auxiliary" of my father when Mayor 
 Otis' police officers entered the attic 
 printing office of the "Liberator" on 
 a detective hunt to oblige a southern 
 senator. 
 
 Not many great or many mighty 
 were called to the work at the outset, 
 but, as has so often been the case in 
 history, this far-reaching movement 
 was begun by obscure and humble 
 men. Behold what sprang from the 
 seed planted here that winter night! 
 Two years later the American Anti- 
 Slavery society was formed in Phila- 
 delphia, and less than four years after 
 that, in 1837, Ellis Gray Loriug could 
 write, "Our cause has advanced until 
 it numbers 800 societies. An anti 
 slavery society has been formed in the 
 United States every day for the last 
 two years. There are 300 societies 
 in the single state of Ohio, one of 
 which numbers 4000 members." 
 
 I shall not detain you with any ac- 
 count of the white members of the 
 New England society, save to note 
 that one of them, Moses Kimball, lived 
 to present, nearly fifty years later, the 
 l)ronze Emancipation group in Park 
 square to the city of Boston. 
 
 The confidence and loyal sui)port ot 
 the Colored people in Boston and oth- 
 er northern cities, poor and humble 
 as they were, was a tower of strength 
 to my father, as he was a pillar of 
 light to them. He was not only the 
 first to make a common rally in the 
 slave's behalf under the banner ot 
 immediate ahd unconditional emanci- 
 pation. He was the first to address 
 on terms of equal brotherhood tlv? 
 class next above the slaves in public 
 contempt and legal disability— the 
 free blacks, and this was actually 
 made a reproach by one of the most 
 eminent Christian divines of the day! 
 In the second number of the "Libera- 
 
^4 
 
 OXK. lirXDRKnTH ANXIVKRSARV 
 
 lor" he couiagfously urged the re- 
 peal of the hiws forbidding marriage 
 betweeu a white person and a Negro, 
 Indian or nuilatto, and in the address 
 w liich he delivered to the Colored peo- 
 pli- of Boston and other cities in 
 June. 18;;i, he said: 
 
 "I never rise to address a Colored 
 audience without feeling ashamed of 
 ii;y own color ; ashamed of being iden- 
 tified with a race of men w4io have 
 done you so much injustice, and who 
 yet retain so large a portion of your 
 brethren in servile chains. To make 
 atonement, in part, for this conduct, 1 
 have solemnly dedicated my health 
 and strength, and life, to your ser 
 vice. I love to plan and to work for 
 >o'ir social, intellectual, political and 
 spiritual advancement. INIy hapi)iness 
 is augmented with yours: in your suf- 
 ferings I i)articipate. 
 
 "Henceforth I am ready on all days, 
 on all convenient occasions, in all 
 suitable places, before any sect or 
 party, at whatever perils to my per- 
 son, character, or interest, to plead 
 the ca\ise of my Colored countrymen 
 in iiarticular, and of human rights in 
 general. For this purpose, there is no 
 day too hol>, no place improper, no 
 body of men too inconsiderable to ad- 
 dress. For this purpose I ask no 
 church to grant mo authority to speak 
 — I recpiire no ordination — I am not 
 carefid to consult Martin Luther, or 
 John Calvin, or His Holiness the 
 Pope. It is a duty which, as a lover 
 of .ii;stice. I am bound to execute; as 
 a lover of my fellow-men, I ought not 
 to shun; as a lover of Jesus Christ, 
 and of his equalizing, republican and 
 Ix-nevolent |)recepts, I rejoice to 
 infct." 
 
 Following this he gave them, with- 
 out con<iescension and in a brotherly 
 Kidrit, much excellent advice and sug- 
 goKtion as to how they might imjjrovo 
 their own condition and i)romote the 
 education of their children. I know 
 nothing more touching than their ri'- 
 Bponse, or more truly prophetic, "Your 
 remarks," they wrote, "were full of 
 virtue and consolation, perfect in ex- 
 planation, and furnished a rule to live 
 by and die by. We feel fully jjersuad- 
 ed that the day <'annoi be far distant 
 when you will be acknowledged li\ 
 the very lips of those? who now do- 
 Mounco. revile ami jK-rseciite you as 
 tho vIleKl and basest of men, the >ip 
 rooter *»f all or<|er. the destroyer of 
 " ir country'H peace, prosperity and 
 
 ;>plneKH— to be its firm reliance, its 
 
 deliverer, the very pillar of its fu- 
 ture grandeur." 
 
 He often said that the highest com- 
 I)liment ever i)aid him, the only one 
 he cai-ed to remember, was when Sir 
 Thomas P'owell Buxton of England 
 invited a large company "to meet Mr. 
 Garrison, the black advocate of eman- 
 cipation from the United States." 
 (Laughter). Never was there a more 
 astonished host when the guest pre- 
 sented himself. 
 
 "Yes; God is mj' witness! " he said 
 to the freedmen of Chai-lestown, South 
 Carolina, on that April day in 1865, 
 when, as the guest of the Unitea 
 States Government, he visited the old 
 slave city and received the blessings 
 of^ the emancipated, "I have faith- 
 fully tried in the face of the fiercest 
 opposition and under the most de- 
 pressing circumstances, to make your 
 cause my cause, my wife and chil- 
 dren your wives and children, sub- 
 jected to the same outrage and deg- 
 redation. myself on the same auction 
 block to be sold to the highest bid- 
 der." 
 
 History, as Colonel Higginson has 
 remarked, is apt to preserve but two 
 or three names in connection with any 
 great movement, and, in the lengthen- 
 ing persi)ective of time, it may be, as 
 he has suggested, that Garrison, Phil- 
 lips and John Brown will be the names 
 chiefly associated with the anti-slav- 
 ery movement in the United States. 
 But as my father was ever eager to 
 recognize the services of his fellow- 
 workers, and to transfer to them the 
 laurels bestowed u}«on himself, so to- 
 day he would insist on sharing with 
 them the honors paid to his memory, 
 and would refuse to be singled out 
 save as their representative." Mr. 
 Garrison quoted from his father to 
 show this to be true. 
 
 For myself, I can never think of 
 my father without seeing him sur- 
 rounded by that noble band of men 
 and women who early rallied to his 
 support, who stood by him through 
 good and evil repute, and without 
 whose i)()tent aid he could never have 
 mainlained his crusade. Mr. Garrison 
 then enumerated and paid a tribute 
 to many of them. 
 
 He said he would not exaggerate the 
 perils and stifferings of the condemn- 
 ed and unnopidar abolitionists, there 
 were benefits as well as hardships. 
 
 "When my father passed away, the 
 reactionary movement against the ex- 
 ercise of the elective franchise bv the 
 
BlRrH Ol'" WILLIAM Ll,()\l) CARRISOX 
 
 25 
 
 southern freedmen had already set in, 
 and his last published utterance was 
 a protest against the proscription 
 which had driven hundreds of them 
 t'l-om Mississippi and Louisiana to Kan- 
 sas. Since then the fraudulent tissue 
 ballots have been succeeded by no less 
 fraudulent enactments which have 
 practically disfranchised the Colored 
 population of the south, and if he 
 were to return today he would find 
 rot only the fifteenth amendment to 
 the constitution nullified, but the 
 thirteenth amendment, which abolish- 
 ed slavery, defied by the wretches 
 who attempted a system of peonage 
 He would find Negroes excluded from 
 juries, from all town, city and state 
 governing bodies, denied legal inter- 
 marriage with whites, restricted to 
 Negro galleries in the theatres and 
 Negro cars on the trains, subjected 
 to excessive penalties for violations 
 of law, and in many ways still vic- 
 tims of that cruel and unrelenting 
 race prejudice which he assailed from 
 the outset of his warfare seventy- 
 five years ago. He would find women 
 denied their full political rights in all 
 but four states of the Union, and the 
 Chinese, whose claim to equal treat- 
 ment with all other immigrants to 
 our shores be vindicated with his lat- 
 est breath, still excluded as outcasts. 
 He would view with amazement the 
 spectacle of the United States seizing 
 distant islands, slaughtering their peo- 
 l)le by tens of thousands, and es- 
 tablishing colonial government "with- 
 out the consent of the governed." He 
 would be saddened by the mad in- 
 crease of naval armaments, and the 
 increasing disposition to interfere in. 
 and arbitrarily regulate, the affairs of 
 feebler countries. He would deplore 
 the lowering of civic ideals, the 
 growth of the commercial spirit, which 
 have resulted in the widespread busi- 
 ness and political corruption now be- 
 ing uncovered in our country. But 
 would be disheartened or hopless as 
 to the future? Assuredly not! 
 
 Whoever follows the record of his 
 life will find that throughout his long 
 thirty years' warfare, his courage and 
 hopefulness, his faith in Gk)d, his cer- 
 tainty of the triumph of right, were 
 never greater than v hen the outlook 
 seemed darkest to others. So, to- 
 day, he would pronounce the progress 
 made by the Colored population of the 
 south since emancipation a marvel- 
 lous record for forty years. He would 
 
 exult in (hose Ijeaccju lights at Hamp- 
 ton, Tuskegee. Atlanla, Flsk. Calhoun 
 and elsewhere in the south, and in 
 Die stcailily increasing number of 
 able and trained headers of the race, 
 and would welcome with thaiiUful 
 heart those scholarly and enlightened 
 white men of southern birth who are 
 more and more finding voice and 
 courage to demand fair play and 
 equal opportunity for all. Knowing 
 that, under our political system, the 
 only hope of correcting existing 
 abuses, lies in the education, moral 
 training and material progress of the 
 ignorant and degraded masses, on the 
 one hand, and the changed hearts of 
 the white leaders of the sf)uth, on 
 the other, he would find infinite en- 
 couragement alike in such object les- 
 sons as that wonderful procession, 
 marshalled by Booker Washington, 
 which passed before the president at 
 Tuskegee the other day, and in the 
 triumph of freedom of speech and op- 
 inion won by the white faculty — all 
 native southerners — of Trinity college, 
 North Carolina, a few months ago. 
 
 I trust that the celebration of this 
 centennial anniversary will result not 
 merely in centering attention for j» 
 moment on the man who was the 
 leader of the anti-slavery agitation, 
 but that they will turn many to a 
 careful study of one of the noblest, 
 as it was one of the most unselfish 
 and far-reaching, movements of any 
 time or land. 
 
 In conclusion, let me sav how 
 gratefully the children and grandchil- 
 dren of William Lloyd Garrison appre- 
 ciate the honors that are bein:: paid 
 to his memory today. In their behalf 
 I wish to thank all who have labored 
 to make the occasion significant and a 
 fresh insniration to work for the 
 emancipation of the human race from 
 every form of injustice and oppres- 
 sion. 
 
 Next came two more jubilee songs by 
 Mrs. McAdoo, "I'm Rolling Through 
 an Unfriendly World," and "I Done, 
 Done What You Told Me To Do." 
 
 Mr. Wilson, in introducing the next 
 speaker, narrated a thrilling experi- 
 ence of a mother and her little girl, 
 who were over two years in escaping 
 from slavery, finally being smuggled 
 to Boston on board ship, where they 
 were met by Lewis Hayden. This lit- 
 tle woman was the character Eliza in 
 
26 
 
 ()\K lllNDRKDI'II AXNIVKRSARV 
 
 Umle Tom's Cabin. The little girl, he 
 said, is now Mrs. Arianna Sparrow. 
 She was applauded as she came for- 
 ward to speak. Her mother was the 
 late Mrs. Cooley. 
 
 Mrs. Sparrow said: My mother 
 was always asking me, "Dwa't you 
 want to go to Boston? don't you want 
 to be a nice lady? Don't you want to 
 be free?" I used to say "1 don't want 
 to go away from my playmates; I 
 want to stay with them." After a while 
 she persuaded me to go, and I remem- 
 ber she made an effort. One even- 
 ing we started in and I think we must 
 have walked five miles to Norfolk, Va., 
 where a captain was to meet about 20 
 people and bring them here. After 
 this long walk we were disappointed; 
 the man who was to meet us was not 
 there, and we had to go back again 
 into the city. Well, two or three years 
 afterward she started again. She 
 would keep saying to me over and over 
 again, "you're going to be free, re- 
 member, you're going to be free." I 
 suppose she wanted to make me feel 
 satisfied with whatever inconvenience 
 she put me to for the sake of my free- 
 dom. So finally, as Mr. Wilson says, 
 we came to Boston after a sail of a 
 week. Then Mr. Hayden met us at the 
 dock. I always loved Mr. Hayden. 
 He took me right up in his arms and 
 never let me out of them until we 
 landed in his doorway. 1 think it was 
 a rule for every escaped slave to re- 
 port at the anti-slavery office. In time 
 we were taken down there and there I 
 saw a great many gentlemen busy. 
 They crowded around us, as my moth- 
 er told her story. There was one, 
 however, who didn't seem to take 
 much notice. I afterward learned that 
 that was Mr. Garrison. Finally when 
 his attention was called to us he held 
 out his hand to me and said, "Come 
 here, little girl." He put his arms 
 around nif and patted me on the head, 
 and asked mo what I was going to do 
 now I was in Boston. "Are you going to 
 school?" I spoke right up and said 
 "Yes." Then he told me he hoped I 
 WMuld grow up to be a grand good 
 woman. "Your mothcM'," he said, "has 
 done an honoriibln thing for you." Af- 
 terwards I used to follow up the anti- 
 slavery meotings. My mother later 
 on became so sensitive that she could 
 not go herself. She lost a very dear 
 brother and sister, they being sold 
 away through slavery, and she never 
 
 saw them again and we have never 
 heard of ■ them since, and she never 
 got over the shock of losing them. So 
 I used to go to the meetings and bring 
 reports of the meetings home. Of 
 course I cannot say so very much of 
 what Mr. Garrison said, except that I 
 knew we had to sit a long time to lis- 
 ten when he got upon the platform to 
 talk. I know it was always very sol- 
 emn; there was never anything to 
 laugh at in his speeches. He used to 
 impress us with the direful wrong of 
 slavery, and I used to dread when he 
 got up. for I knew it was a long time 
 we had to sit there. I do not know 
 that I ever missed going to the meet- 
 ings. When I saw Mr. Garrison on the 
 street I always used to bow to him. Of 
 course I don't think he remembered 
 me, but he used to bow to me and 
 pass on. I was a member of the anti- 
 slavery society. 
 
 I used to stay away from school to 
 attend the meetings. I asked my moth- 
 er for a dollar and I joined the socie- 
 ty. I think that dollar did for all my 
 life as long as I was a member of the 
 society. (Laughter.) I used to get 
 away from school to attend the meet- 
 ings. Going to the teacher I w^ould ask 
 to be excused, and she would a.sk me 
 what for, and I would say, "Why the 
 anti-slavery society meets this af- 
 ternoon." "Well," she would say, 
 "what of that; what have you got to 
 do with it?" "Why," I would say, 
 "I've got to be there. I've got to go 
 with my mother.' I think I saw Mr. 
 Garrison on the night of the Emanci- 
 pation Proclamation. We were all in 
 Tremont Temple. He was a very sol- 
 emn person. 
 
 Miss Alia W. Foster, the daugh- 
 ter of Abby Kelly and Stephen 
 Foster, was introduced as a school 
 teacher in Boston and an inti 
 mate friend of Mr. Garrison and 
 his family. She said in opening that 
 she came primarily to try to make the 
 audience realize that such a man as 
 Mr. Garrison really did live. She said 
 her tribute was that of his wonderful 
 private home life, as she as a child 
 was often in the Garrison home. They 
 lived in a house in Dix place, in a lit- 
 tle house, but yet it wtis the biggest 
 house she ever saw, especially when 
 there was a convention in town. The 
 children seemed to disappear when the 
 anti-slavery conventions adjourned to 
 Mr. Garrison's house. She said the 
 
BIRTH OK WliJ.lAM I,I,0\1) CARKISOX 
 
 27 
 
 Garrisons were poor like all the abo- 
 litionists, and turning to Mr. Garrison 
 on the platform she said, "Weren't 
 we poor, Mr. Garrison." (Laughter.) 
 She said she wo'idered how the family 
 got enough to eit, but Mrs. Garrison 
 was a great provider, and could make 
 her market basket of fcod go a long 
 ways. Yet the spiritual hospitality of 
 the family was the chief attraction in 
 their home. The talk was all of the 
 abolition movement, what this mob 
 had done, and that convention would 
 do. 
 
 Mrs. Garrison was as great as Mr. 
 Garrison, said the speaker, and with- 
 out her, Mr. Garrison could never have 
 done what he did. She closed with a 
 tribute to the Abolitionist for his per- 
 sonal aid to her mother as a woman 
 rights woman and for his work in that 
 cause for all women. 
 
 Mr. John J. Smith, a man 85 years 
 of age, ascended the altar amid ap- 
 plause and spoke briefly, saying: 
 
 Mr. Chairman — I cannot express my 
 feelings. This place here is sacred. It 
 is the only place in early life where 
 Mr. Garrison could stand and that 
 they could not break up the meetings 
 and he could speak to the people. No 
 mob ever entered into this place to 
 take him out or to stop him from 
 speaking. I became acquainted with 
 Mr. Garrison in the latter part of 1840. 
 I desired to be introduced to Mr. Gar- 
 rison. Coming from the south and be- 
 ing a barber I had heard Mr. Garrison 
 spoken of in the barber shop, and 
 abused, etc., and I wanted to see this 
 wonderful man that there was so 
 much talk about. Well, I had been 
 born a freeman, and as Mrs. Sparrow- 
 said, free people did not associate with 
 slaves. They thought themselves 
 above them. The white people had put 
 that barrier between them. Well, we 
 went over to the anti-slavery oIRce. 
 Mr. Garrison had in his hand a "stick" 
 with type in it, and he said to me, 
 "Take a seat." About the third ques- 
 tion asked me was, "Was I a slave?" 
 "No," I replied, pretty promptly, "but 
 I have seen slavery in all its forms.' 
 I went to work and commenced tellin-^ 
 him of all the horrors of slavery that 
 I had seen. When I said, "Well, there 
 are some good slaveholders." "No, 
 sir," he said, "there is not one good 
 one; not one of them." Then he be- 
 gan asking me questions. Would I 
 think a man was good if he sold my 
 
 father and mother and they went 
 one way and I went another; would 1 
 call him a good man? Of course I 
 had to say, no sir. I was convicted at 
 the start. I came out of that ofrice a 
 wiser man. I commpnced folhjwing 
 the Liberator. All Mr. Garrison's fol- 
 lowers were true; they would stand by 
 him and would sacrifice their own 
 lives at any time for Mr. Garrison. I 
 will tell you what I think of Mr. Gar- 
 rison, and I have been trying to find 
 some one that I can put alongside of 
 him. I think Mr. Garrison was the 
 greatest man that this country ever 
 produced. Why, show me the man 
 that ever accomplished as much as 
 William Lloyd Garrison did in forty 
 years? I know of no one greater. And 
 he built his foundation on that dec- 
 laration "immediate and uncondition- 
 al emancipation," and he stood on that 
 foundation until the work was accom- 
 plished. Moses comes nearest to him. 
 Who else? None other. Mr. Garri- 
 son lived to see the whole country 
 free. He did a great work for the Ne- 
 gro of this country when he washed 
 that foul stain from the good name of 
 Christian America, American slavery, 
 when he wiped that out, I say, he did 
 a great work for this nation and for 
 this people. I tell you, my friends. I 
 feel proud to think that I am living 
 today to hear from the son of the 
 nioblest man that this country has 
 ever produced, to hear from him of the 
 work of a noble ancestor. 
 
 At the close of Mr. Smith's eloquent 
 tribute, which evoked much applause, 
 Mr. Garrison pointed to the banner in 
 the rear and said the motto thereon. 
 "Our trust for victory is solely in 
 God. We may be defeated but our 
 principles never," was incorrect in that 
 the word personally was left out be- 
 fore the word defeated. The banner 
 was one that used to hang in the anti- 
 slavery fairs and festivals, and the 
 words were from the declaration ot 
 sentiment written by Mr. Garrison and 
 signed at Philadelphia in the formation 
 of the American Anti-Slavery Associa- 
 tion, December, 1833. 
 
 He also spoke of the bust of his 
 father, which Mr. Thomas P. Taylor 
 had kindly loaned, saying it was from 
 the last portrait made of his father 
 and his children think it the verv best 
 ever mode of him. It was made by 
 Miss Anne Whitney, and gave his 
 father great pleasure that a woman did 
 the work. 
 
28 
 
 ONK IllNDRKDrii AN M \' KRSA KV 
 
 After two more jubilee songs by llie 
 same two singers, "\'m Gwiue to 
 Sing." and "My Way's Cloudy," Mrs. 
 C. G. Morgan was introduced. 
 
 Mrs. Morgan read a beau- 
 titul tribute to Mr. Garrison's wife, 
 aftfr eulogizing Mr. Garrison as one 
 of sufh largeness of soul that it makes 
 one feel the story of his life is in- 
 complete without the mention of that 
 gentle spirit \vhose soul also cast in 
 an heruir mould was conspici ous 
 among the noble women of her day in 
 the great cause for which her husband 
 labored so assicluously." 
 
 She said further in part: 
 
 This occasion is especially to honor 
 the Titanic leader of that movement 
 who was forced to say of himself: 
 "It is my lot to be branded through 
 this country as an asitator, a fanatic, 
 an incendiary and a madman. There 
 is one ejjithet, I fervently thank God 
 that has never been applied to me, I 
 have never been stigmatized as a 
 slaveholder, or as an apologist of 
 slavery." 
 
 We do not hesitate to say that the 
 bigotry of William Lloyd Garrison 
 lay in his righteous pertinacity of 
 aim and puri)Ose, his fanaticism in 
 holding the abhorrent sin of slavery 
 before the public eye in season and 
 out of season — his madness in the 
 steadfast resolution to stand — if he 
 stood alone — against the sin of the 
 slave system, and if agitator he must 
 be called it was because he cried 
 out for the only peace that could en- 
 dure, anrl the only ouiet that could 
 be permanent— thai built ui)<)n the 
 recognition of the brotherhood of man, 
 as an incenrliary he burnt only the 
 <lross, and his infidelity was a devout 
 constancy to truth. 
 
 And it is a cheering sight to see 
 this strong man at the world's 
 convention in lS4ti absolutely refuse 
 to lake his .seat on the floor of the 
 convention or lend his voice in the 
 proci edings because his co-delegates, 
 th<' wonn-n. wc'n- n-fused admission. 
 
 Ue''.M> Kllza Benson, the wife, was 
 b(jrn In Providence, lived in youth in 
 Hro«d<lyn. Conn., and had n<d)le pai- 
 entH, her f ither being an abolutionist 
 She was »«iniely, thoughtful, courtiou-. 
 and kind, and Garrison fell in love 
 with h«T at first sight. The mar- 
 riage of these two, ever faith- 
 ful and loyal to each otlier. was 
 consummated In the fall of is:!4. In 
 I hi- midst of a period when the Liber- 
 
 ator, through its forceful messages of 
 truth and freedom, was already reap- 
 ing a harvest of abuse, threatened 
 violence, and even assassination from 
 the South, and both derision and 
 obloquy from the well^d'ressed but 
 ill-bred in the North. I^eaving a 
 home of safety and coming to one 
 wherein she and her husband dwelt 
 almost constantly in the shadow of 
 martyrdom had no fears for this 
 noble young w^jnian. Such dauntless 
 courage and such fidelity to the right 
 surely gave a new impetus to the self- 
 sacrificing task of William Lloj'd 
 Garrison. 
 
 It may be that Ruskin is quite right 
 in saying "that the buckling on of 
 the knight's armor by his lady's hand 
 was not a mere caprice of romantic 
 fashion, but rather the type of eternal 
 truth, and that the soul's armor is 
 never well set-to unless a woman's 
 hand has braced it." Never was wo- 
 man better adapted for bracing se- 
 curely the armor of a knight than 
 Helen Eliza Garrison, to whom the 
 following tribute was paid by Wendell 
 Phillips, "Her own life and her hus- 
 band's moved hand in hand in such 
 loving accord and seemed so exactly 
 one, that it was hard to divide their 
 work. ' 
 
 How significant and yet how pa- 
 thetic when the triumph came Mrs. 
 Garrison's bodily activity was over, 
 for she became an invalid and remain- 
 ed so until the end of that useful and 
 strikingly beautiful life. 
 
 At the close of Mrs. ]\Iorgan's ad- 
 dress, a collection was taken for the 
 suffering Jews in Russia, out of ap- 
 preciation for the use of the synagogue 
 and amounted to over $36. 
 
 Perhaps the climax of the meeting 
 for pathos and vivid portrayal, came 
 in the last address, that of the vener- 
 able Colored woman. Miss Eliza Gard- 
 ner, who had gone to school in the 
 vestry of that very church edifice, 
 All eyes were moist as she closed, 
 breaking down imder her emotion. 
 .Miss Gardner said in part: 
 
 I feel too deeply moved by the events 
 that occurred forty years ago to speak 
 as my heart would dictate. I feel so 
 keenly the many things that have 
 been said about Mr. Garrison and his 
 friends and the times in which they 
 lived and moved. From my earliest 
 ihildlKKjd 1 remember that 1 had a 
 niollier who was interested in the an- 
 ti-slaverv movement, and I can re- 
 
BIR'I'H Ol' WILLIAM LLON'l) CAKKISON 
 
 29 
 
 member that when my father got a 
 home for wife and children that in 
 that liome there was a room for the 
 panting fugitive who would come tap- 
 ping at the door, sometimes in the 
 midnight hour, seeking a refuge. And 
 so from a very young child I com- 
 menced attending the anti-slavery 
 meetings. My mind goe3 back to Tre- 
 mont Temple and the meetings there. 
 I can hardly realize and these young 
 people can hardly realize that in Bos- 
 ton, when Mr. Garrison would attempt 
 to speak, he would not be allowed to. 
 From the galleries the mob would 
 shout and sing, and we always sat on 
 the lower floor, and we had to dodge 
 the cushions and things that would 
 be hurled from the galleries. They 
 would hoot and shout, trying to sing 
 John Brown's Body is Marching On, 
 while the mob would yell, and the 
 cushions coming down, while we had 
 to duck our heads to keep them from 
 coming upon us. At the Tremont 
 Temple one morning I remember par- 
 ticularly, they said for the safety of 
 the building the meeting must ad- 
 joirn, and the pastor of this church, 
 Rev. Sella Martin, stepped to the front 
 and said, "This meeting will not close 
 but will adjourn to meet in my church 
 the Joy Street Baptist church tonight 
 That meeting adjourned and we met 
 here. I do not know that I was as 
 brave as my own dear mother, but 
 so terrible were the scenes at that 
 time that I was afraid to stay in the 
 house, but I was equally afraid to go 
 out of the door (Laughter.) I remem- 
 ber sitting up in that gallery and 
 hearing the hooting mob on the out- 
 side, a mob that stretched from this 
 court to Cambridge street, waiting for 
 Wendell Phillips, and determined that 
 somebody would be sacrificed that 
 night. He csnie up the aisle leaning 
 on the arm of Francis Ch-apman, and 
 with him, I am thankfi^l so say, were 
 seven or eight black men, ready to do 
 or die. (Applause.) John Brown, Jr.. 
 was there, too, and standing on the 
 platform, he took out knives, pis- 
 tols, and anything that would defend 
 and told the conaregation what to do. 
 We had a glorious meeting. The 
 speaking was almost divine. I kept 
 listening, and I said to my mother, 
 "We are having a good time in here, 
 but hear the mob outside." The meet- 
 ing was dismissed, and they got the 
 women and children out through a 
 rear way that the mob did not know 
 
 about. There was one man, Joiiii MuL 
 ligan, who kept a sailor's boardinj? 
 house, who had slain his man and 
 served his time in defense of his 
 rights. When he and his men went 
 out, the mob said. "Here comes .Mulli- 
 gan," and they parted and let him po 
 through. 
 
 As we came out tiirough that rear 
 way onto Irving street and Russell 
 street, the crowd seemed to realize 
 that we were escaping them, and they 
 surged down through Cambridge 
 street. My mother and I went down 
 Anderson' street. The Phillips school- 
 house was just being built, and the 
 stones and bricks were piled up there, 
 and they did good service that night. 
 And there was bloodshed that nigh!, 
 for I saw a man with the blood 
 streaming from his face where he had 
 been cut on the forehead. As we 
 reached the house of Mr. John J. Smith 
 he opened his doors and he allowed my 
 mother and myself to come in, and we 
 remained there until it was safe for 
 us to pass out. 
 
 These scenes are fre?h with me to- 
 day. I can scarcely realize that they 
 have passed away, perhaps forever. 
 And sometimes when I read of the 
 horrible outrages perpetrated upon my 
 race in the southland now, I wonder 
 if they are over. (Here Miss Gardner 
 sobbed and buried her face in her 
 hands, while many others wept.) 
 And I can almost invoke Mr. Garri- 
 son's presence from the spirit-land to 
 again fight the battle. 
 
 The members of the Garrison fam- 
 ily at the Synagogue were: Mr. Wm. 
 Lloyd Garrison, Mrs. Fanny Garrison 
 Viliard, Mr. and Mrs. Francis J. Gar- 
 rison, Mrs. George T. Garrison, Mr. 
 and Mrs. Charles Garrison, Mr. and 
 Mrs. W.L.Garrison. Jr.. Miss ^largaret 
 Garrison, Mr. and Mrs. Frank W. Gar- 
 rison, Mr. Rhodes .Vnthony Garrison, 
 Mr. Harold Garrison Viliard, :Mr. Os- 
 wald Garrison Viliard, Master Wen- 
 dell H. Garrison, Master Robert H. 
 Garrison. 
 
 Four descendants of Arnold Buffum 
 were there also, namely his grand- 
 daughter, Mrs. Mary Chace Tolman of 
 ^^'est Newton, her two sons, Richard 
 and Edward Tolman, and ^Ir. Arthur 
 Wyman of Valley Falls, R. I., another 
 great-grandson. These four and the 
 members of the Garrison family were 
 the only descendants of the twelve 
 founders of the first anti-slavery so- 
 ciety who were present. 
 
FANE 'IL HALL- BOSTON 
 AMERICA'S "cradle OF LIBERTY" 
 
Exercises of Monday, December //, 
 1905. In FaneuU Hall 
 
 MORNING SESSION 10.30 o'clock 
 
 The fifth session of the citizens' 
 celebration took place Monday morn- 
 ing at Faneuil Hall, and was in charge 
 of the Women's clubs and the Vet- 
 eran's Associations. The session 
 was opened with prayer by Rev, 
 D. R. Wallace. Then Adjutant Wal- 
 ter J. Stevens of the Peter Salem Gar- 
 rison Spanish W^ar Veterans, chairman 
 of the joint committee in charge of the 
 session made the introductory re- 
 marks. He said it seemed particularly 
 fitting to meet in Faneuil hall. Those 
 who heard the speakers on Sunday 
 prBiise Mr. Garrison must have been 
 filled with conflicting emotions. He said 
 that as he sat in the Smith court syna- 
 gogue he almost felt he could hear the 
 howling of that mob, but today in Fan- 
 euil hall he felt in a freer atmosphere. 
 He was unable, he said to voice the 
 obligation owed to Mr. Garrison. Then 
 he introduced Miss Eliza Gardner to 
 preside. 
 
 Miss Gardner said Gaj-rison was one 
 of the greatest men who ever lived. 
 She mentioned men and women who 
 aided Garrison in his work, and said 
 Mrs. Julia Ward Howe's "Battle Hymn 
 of the Republic" meant more to the 
 Negro race than even the "iStar 
 Spangled Banner." She said the Col- 
 ored folk themselves were among the 
 willing helpers of Garrison, remarking 
 that many knew well how Mrs. Scar- 
 let's little tailor shop in Spring Lane 
 was a place where aid could always 
 be found when there was a fugitive to 
 be cared for. Mrs. Mary Buchanan, 
 whose family were among the early 
 helpers of Garrison, and who herself 
 was associated in that work, reviewed 
 facts in the life of the great liberator. 
 
 After this, the entire audience stood 
 while Miss Georgietta Woodest sang 
 •'The Star Spangled Banner." Mrs. 
 Wm. H. Hamilton was the piano ac- 
 companist. 
 
 Miss Gardner then introduced the 
 Chaplain of the State Senate, Rev. E. 
 A. Horton, who said there was nothing 
 more touching than to have one speak 
 in an assemblage like this of the past, 
 and show by the thrill of the voice 
 and the moistened cheek that thai 
 space of time is all wiped out and the 
 one she loved as a leader seems to be 
 by her side. That makes things real, 
 takes Garrison off the printed page 
 and out of the frame and gives him 
 lo us as a man who lived and had his 
 friends and knew the delights of life. 
 He naid in coming down Com- 
 monwealth avenue to the meeting 
 he had noticed that the wreath 
 placed on the Garrison statue had 
 been removed. A neighbor told him 
 that a workman had taken it away. 
 I didn't go out there in the slush and 
 wet yesterday to have the wreath we 
 placed there taken away in a few 
 hours by a workman. That wreath 
 ought to go back there, and it ought to 
 stay through the da>-. Cries of 
 "Shamel shame" came from different 
 parts of the hall, but the speaker said 
 he did not mean to start any sensation, 
 but merely to st^ate a fact: and there- 
 after he spoke of the significance of 
 numerous incidents in Garrison's life. 
 "I wish to say to my brethren of the 
 people who have so enthusiastically 
 remembered this anniversary, one of 
 your number said to me yesterday as 
 we were malrching from the Boston 
 
OM'. Hr MtKl'DTII .\NNI\KKSAKV 
 
 Public library to the statue on Com- 
 monwealth avenue. "Well. thank 
 Heaven, there is one man at least un- 
 der whom we all drill and train and 
 prosress. By the memory of Garri- 
 son all factions are united among the 
 Colored people, and it betoken^ 
 strength for \our cause. 
 
 "I hope the time is nigh at hand 
 when the principles expressed by 
 Booker T. Washington and Prof. Du- 
 bois will come together and coalesce 
 and make one." 
 
 What a fearful price was paid that 
 slavery misht be cut down and the 
 I'nion preserved. But it was the Al- 
 mighty's penalty inflicted for the 
 wrong done by the American i)eople. 
 Now I want you of the Colored race 
 to take this great fact for encourage- 
 ment to you and to me and to all. 
 Why are you crowning Garrison today 
 with such laurels of heartfelt praise? 
 Because he was eloquent? Colonel 
 Higginson, noble name of a noble 
 man, Higginson who led the Colored 
 trooi»s at Wagner, says, "I never list- 
 ened to Garrison when I thought he 
 was interesting." He claims that 
 Garrison never had oratorical i)owers. 
 Garrison conquered by a sceptre that 
 is grander than many worded elo- 
 quence or the logical sequence of ad- 
 dress. He conquered by the ignited 
 glowing I'ower of moral conviction. 
 
 While Rev. Horton was speaking, 
 .Mrs. Julia Ward Howe came in. Th'i 
 auflience stood up and applauded vig- 
 (irously until she had taken her seat 
 upon the platform. 
 
 At the dose of Chaplain Horton's 
 remarks Prin(-ii)al Alonzo Meserve ('I 
 the Bowd^in Grammar school was in- 
 troduced. He spoke of his personal 
 r«'CoIl< < I inns of naiiisoii. Hi' said in 
 part 
 
 .M> . • ill.!, n.^ \v III l» iiiaini V o!' a 
 reminiscent cliaiacter, a man's recol- 
 lections of his ycjulliful observations 
 of the last decade of the anti-slavery 
 agitation. The Garrisoni.ms were men 
 and women terribly in earnest. They 
 did not use soft words to express 
 their horror of slavery, and they weri' 
 not much disturlx'd at tlie not always 
 choice epithets hurled at (hem in re- 
 turn. One of tlu'ir common expres- 
 hIouh was, "We must feel for those in 
 l)ondK as bound with them." They 
 w«Te moral force incarnate, the logi- 
 cal and lineal descendants of the Eng- 
 iJKh yeomanry who, under Cromwell, 
 
 threw down the gauntlet to the Stuart 
 cavaliers. I well remember Mr. Gar- 
 rison. He had the head of a philoso- 
 pher, bald, a kindly face; he wore 
 si)ectacles, his rather slow movement 
 of speech, devoid of gestures, some- 
 what cold as a speaker, but always 
 the center of intei'est, admiration and 
 love to the poor, plain, moral i)eople 
 who mainly made up his following. I 
 heard him say one Sunday evening in 
 answer to a preceding speaker that 
 a man ought not to tell a lie to save 
 his life. "Let .iustice be done, 
 tnough the heavens fall," vv^as anoth- 
 er expression often falling from the 
 lips of his followers. The last time 
 I saw Mr. Garrison he was slowly 
 walking up Cornhill, wearing a very 
 long coat and a soft gray hat. His 
 whole bearing was that of a scholarly 
 gentleman, a benevolent, dignified 
 man. 
 
 Near the scene where Geo. Thomp- 
 son was mobbed at Abington, a 
 scene which made an abolitionist of 
 my father, is the beautiful Island 
 Grove. For a score of years on the 
 anniversary of British West Indies 
 emancipation immense gatherings 
 came to celebrate the event. These 
 meetin.gs were under the direction of 
 the Mass. Anti-Slavery society. I have 
 seen and heard there Mr. Garrison. 
 Wendell Phillips, Senator Charles 
 Sumner. Gov. John A. Andrew, Vice- 
 President Henry Wilson, Geo. Thomp- 
 son, Dr. Lyman Beecher, Parker Pills- 
 bury, Rev. Samuel J. May and his 
 lather, Henry C. Wright, Charles L. 
 Remond, Wm. Wells Brown, Abby 
 Kelley Foster, the Grimkie sisters, 
 Stei)hen S. Foster and many other 
 leading abolitionists. 
 
 In closing, I will add that on the 
 2Sth anniversary of the mobbing of 
 Geo. Thompson ten thousand people 
 gathered to give him a hearty wel- 
 come in the Island Grove, a half mile 
 frt)m the snot where he w'as mobbed. 
 The utmost respect was paid him and 
 he delivei-ed one of his masterly ora- 
 tions. 
 
 I am ready to say that the black 
 lace is just as potential a people as 
 any other race on this globe. I do 
 not say that to evoke your ai)i)lause; 
 I .say it because I feel it down deep in 
 my heart, and it is furthermore 
 drubbed into my head because I have 
 been brought in contact with your 
 children, and it has been my i)rivilege 
 to be a humble leader in trying to 
 nuike them see more ol ilie good 
 
BIRTH OF WILLIAM IJ.ON I) CARKISON 
 
 33 
 
 tilings in this world than their fath- 
 ers saw. In 1S97 there was a class of 
 about 50 graduated from my school. 
 The number one scholar was a Col- 
 ored girl, the number two scholar was 
 a Colored girl, the number three 
 scholar was a Jewish girl, and then 
 the Plymouth Rock Yankee.s and the 
 Irish Americans and the Germans 
 came along, glad to be in the proces- 
 sion under that leadershiy. So I say 
 to you, just try and meet every oppor- 
 tunity you can get in the way of edu- 
 cation, especially because in this 
 country education is the poor man's 
 lever by which he raises himself to 
 the highest positions of honor and 
 trust. 
 
 He also exhibited a copy of The Lib- 
 erator. Garrison's paper, of date Nov. 
 25, 1859. which aroused much applause. 
 
 While Mr. Meserve was speaking the 
 pupils of his ninth grade, with a flag 
 at their head entered the hall, escorted 
 by Mrs. Addie H. Jewell and marched 
 down the side aisle and took seats, 
 amid great applause. 
 
 Mrs. Julia W. Howe wajS introduced 
 and was greeted with applause and 
 waving of handkerchiefs. She said in 
 part: 
 
 Miss President and dear friends: — 
 I am here with a word only, of grati- 
 tude to one of the benefajctors of the 
 human race. The colored people of 
 the south were considered of small ac- 
 count in the days when Mr. Garrison 
 took up their cause. Their ancestors 
 had in the first instance been stolen 
 from their own country, had been sold 
 like merchandise and driven like cat- 
 tle. North and south submitted to this 
 state of things, although there were 
 some who wished very much that 
 things had turned out otherwise but 
 did not see how the matter was to be 
 helped. Then rose up William Lloyd 
 Garrison in the strength of his plain, 
 simple manhood to protest a^gainst 
 the outrage of such treatment of hu- 
 man beings made in God's image for 
 all the good things of life. How brave- 
 ly he stood against the censure of so- 
 ciety, against the threats and violence 
 of the mob. 
 
 Your race is coming now to 
 have noble representatives. Hampton 
 and Tuskegee speak out. Paul Dunbar 
 and Prof. Dubois (applause) represent 
 you creditably in the literary world. 
 Harvard college honors your athletes 
 and applauds your writers. The word 
 
 has gone forth for you. Go up higher; 
 go up higher, and the divine order of 
 things is on your side." 
 
 After Mrs. Howe finished the school 
 children sang the "Hattle Hymn of the 
 Republic," the verses being sung as a 
 solo by Marie Scott and the rest 
 joining in the chorus. In the chorus 
 after the last verse all joined, led by 
 Mrs. Howe, who indicated the rhythm 
 by the waving of her hand. 
 
 The pupils, all the school girls, sang 
 "Speed Our Repuljiic," the piano ac- 
 companiment Ijeing played by Mrs. 
 Wm. H. Hamilton. Then the entire 
 audience sang "America," led by the 
 school children. 
 
 This ended the first half of the ses- 
 sion and Miss Gardner yielded the 
 gavel to Adjt. Isaac S. Mullen of the 
 Robert A. Bell Post 134, G. A. R. 
 
 Mr. .Mullen quoted the poet Whit- 
 tier's praise of the purity of Mr. Gar- 
 rison's life. He spoke of his own 
 school-days in the basement of the 
 Smith court church. He said the 
 memory of Garrison lived, "not alone 
 in the written history of the conflict 
 to which he was devoted, but in the 
 hearts of those millions who were 
 benefited by his adherence to their 
 cause. He said the riots at the North 
 were led by the men who profited by 
 the African slave trade, and that free- 
 dom in America then applied only to 
 white people, despite the heroism of 
 the Colored men on sea with Perry, 
 and on land with Andrew Jackson, 
 but Garrison arose and by his agita- 
 tion brought universal freedom, 
 though bitterly assailed for his views. 
 In closing he hoped that the founda- 
 tion upon which Garrison built his 
 superstructure, and the benefits de- 
 rived therefrom, might always be 
 kept in the memory of rising genera- 
 tions, and the generations yet to 
 come, and that the efforts now so 
 grandly made for the observance of 
 this loOth anniversary would not 
 gradually "crumble into dust, and like 
 the baseless fabric of a vision leave 
 scarce a memory behind," but that it 
 would continue as an incentive to all 
 peoples and nations of the earth. 
 
 Mr. Mullen then introduced ABrs. 
 Agnes Adams, who said in part: 
 
 It has been just 41 years since an 
 emancipated people stood upon the 
 threshhold of a new era. facing an un- 
 known and uncertain future, home- 
 
34 
 
 ONK nrXDRl'DTH ANMVKRSARV 
 
 less, penniless and nameless. Then 
 It was that xhu women of the race 
 said: "I will mother this people 
 in everv avenue of life." Although 
 two hundred and fifty years of bond- 
 age had outraged every feeling of 
 wife and motherhood, had steeped 
 their lives for generations in immor- 
 ality, yet she said, "I will do my l)est." 
 I will work in the field all day beside 
 my husband and will work all night 
 that tile boy and girl may sjo to 
 school, that the husband may succeed 
 in business, that our little home may 
 be paid for. The great army of law- 
 yers, teachers, and doctors, and the 
 thousands of homes owned by our 
 people go to i)rove how well she has 
 kept her bond — of the many struggles 
 of the mother to protect her home 
 and her children while the husband 
 was awav; of the struggle to keen up 
 and of the anguish of the parents 
 when they returned home to find a 
 little idle of smoulderins: ashes all 
 that was left of what was their home. 
 Now we turn to a new era, when a 
 new picture presents itself. Co-oper- 
 ation was now their watchword. And 
 so they formeil themselves into clubs. 
 The women of my race said if it is 
 necessary for a race that has had two 
 thousand years the start of us to es- 
 tablish such things, how much more 
 necessary that we shoald do so. Our 
 first coming together was held in Bos- 
 ton in B<>rkeley Tenude eleven years 
 ago. under the Kra club. Thev came 
 to that convention from the Pacific 
 slope, from the Atlantic and the gulf 
 stales. They sat in that convention 
 three days asking the question, What 
 must we do? They went forth from 
 that convention organizing clubs 
 throughout the coimtry until wo now 
 nunibi-r over one hundred. We have 
 not always done our best. One of our 
 grtat struggles has been how to keei> 
 our liusl)ands and children from being 
 Infidels. We have not always 
 done our I)e8t, but we do hO!)e to do 
 belter in the coming years. We are 
 trying to leach our children the im- 
 portanc- of b-adin-i the sininle life. 
 We :•:•<• trying to teach them the val- 
 ue of honest labor. 
 
 And we have w'th r.s the great 
 characters of the mother and the 
 wife of (Jarrlson. wlio was wiili him in 
 every Htruggle. 
 
 Miss Denhy sang "The Lcrd is My 
 I.ljrtjt" moKt beautifully and as an 
 (niori' '0. Dry Those Tear.-;." 
 
 Mrs. Mary Church Terrell, introduced 
 as Mrs. Judge Terrell of Washington, 
 D. C. said in part: The honor 
 which you confer upon me seems great- 
 er than I can bear. The facts associated 
 with Faneuil hall are sacred to me. It 
 never occurred to me I should be able 
 to stand on the platform of Faneuil 
 hall, where Wm. Lloyd Garrison, Wen- 
 dell Phillips and those other cham- 
 pions of liberty stood, where they 
 roused this nation to the awfulness 
 of the crime of slavery. In spite of all 
 the hardships to which we are sub- 
 jected I believe things will be better 
 tomorrow, but the love of liberty, 
 which prompted the Pilgrim Fathers to 
 for.sake home and friends, I believe is 
 being submitted to the children's chil- 
 dren forever. 
 
 I cannot help feeling that if Wil- 
 liam Lloyd Garrison and Wendell 
 Phillips and those other men could 
 come here today they would be dread- 
 fully pained and shocked to find what 
 a revolution on the race Question has 
 taken place in the short time of forty 
 years. But, my friends, though op- 
 pression and injustice stalk about the 
 land. I sometimes think that retribu- 
 tion may be coming on apace with a 
 strong, avenging hand. 
 
 Mr. Mullen then read the caution 
 contained in the souvenir program, 
 saying we did not have to do that now. 
 
 He then introduced Mr. James H. 
 Wolfe, Commander of the Massachu- 
 setts Dei)artnient of the G. A. R. 
 
 .Mr. Wolfe said in part: 
 
 '"1 knew Mr. Garrison personally 
 and am prwid of the fact. Let us 
 draw what lesson we can from hi3 
 great and good life and let us see if 
 we have any of the qualities that com- 
 pose his splendid character. Let U3 
 see if be not true that a race lifted 
 from slavery by the work of Garri- 
 son is not forgiLg ahead at a speed 
 worthy of him. It is an important 
 fact that the conditions are so chang- 
 ed that the southern attack upon the 
 blacks is never single-haudod but al- 
 ways strong in numbers. Garrison 
 rave us a flag and a country and It 
 behooves us to remember that that 
 Hag was fought for and won by Neg- 
 rof's. Never in our country's history 
 has a Colored man been a traito •. 
 Race prejudice is rampant in certain 
 parts of our country and sooner or 
 later we niust conic to our defence. 
 
BIRTH OF WILLIAM LL()^'I) CARRISOX 
 
 35 
 
 We are men and can suffer for what 
 are our rights and from somewhere 
 there will come to us a leader. I 
 would rather have the ballot than a 
 bank account, for what good can 
 nion(>y do me when I can not have a 
 hand in the passing of my country's 
 laws. Money is powerful but the ex- 
 ercise of franchise is far more power- 
 ful. 1 am hopeful over the revival of 
 oratory among us and I believe that 
 the race problem is simply a question 
 of fair play for our boys and girls. 
 We ask for opportunity in proportion 
 to our merit. I am glad to pay tribute 
 to the great Wm. Lloyd Garrison, 
 whose work cannot be depreciated and 
 my earnest hope is that we may ef- 
 fectually finish the fight he so success- 
 fully made for us." 
 
 Motion was then ma/3e by Mr. J. A. 
 Crawford that a committee of five be 
 appointed from this meeting to go with 
 a committee from the Boston Suffrage 
 League to go to the office of the Mayor 
 to have the wreath replaced on the 
 Garrison statue. Adjt. W. J. Stevens, 
 Mr. John J. Smith, C. G. Morgan, Esq., 
 W. M. Trotter, J. A. Crawford, T. P. 
 Taylor, Milton Walker and Rev. Wm. 
 H. Scott were appointed. 
 
 Chairman Mullen read verses from 
 page 10 of the Souvenir Program and 
 
 then announced u solo bv .Miss Rosa 
 M. Cuffee. 
 
 This session closed with benediction 
 by Rev. F. G. Snelsoii, pastor of the 
 St. Paul Baptist church, Caniljrldge. 
 
 Faneuil hall was beautifully dec- 
 orated with flags and l)untinii by the 
 New England Decorating company. 
 ITi)on a platform in front of tlu' desk 
 was a large life-size crayon portrait 
 of Mr. Garrison, (Irai)ed, which was 
 loaned by Mr. Francis .L tJarrison, 
 and on one side of the platform was a 
 bust of the emancipator, which Mr. 
 T. P. Taylor loaned for the occasion. 
 
 The committee in charge of this ses- 
 sion were: — Adjt. Walter J. Stevens, 
 chairman. Miss .Josephine B. Selden, 
 secretary; Mrs. Addie H. Jewell, Mrs. 
 Olivia Bush, Mrs. R. C. Ransom, Mrs. 
 iSmith, Commander A. Ditmus, Mrs. 
 Jewell, Mrs. E. M. Gotten. Mrs. Hard- 
 ing, Mrs. E. Allston, Mrs. Williams, 
 Mrs. Hall, Mrs. Hannah Smith, Mrs. 
 George Lewis, Mrs. C. E. France, re- 
 presenting the following clubs and 
 organizations: John Brown Memorial, 
 Protective League, King's Daughters, 
 Queen Esther, Women's Era. Ruth Cir- 
 cle, Maternal Association, Q\ieen Es- 
 ther's Court, Lily of the Valley Mis- 
 sion, Foreign Missions, G. A. R., Shaw 
 Veteran Association. Peter Salem Gar- 
 rison and Household of Ruth. 
 
 L 
 
AFTERNOON SESSION, 3 O'CLOCK 
 
 ss 
 
 The yixth session of the Citizens' 
 . i'lel)ration began at 3 o'clock on Mon- 
 day at Faneuil hall. The hall was 
 well niletl. Upon the platform were: 
 Mr. .luhn .1. Smith, Mrs. Betsey Blake- 
 iey Hudson, known as "Mr. Garrison's 
 Kift," esiaped fugitive slave, who 
 was brought from the wharf to an an- 
 ti-slavery meeting in Faneuil hall, 
 then called Betsey Blakelcy; Rev. J. H. 
 Wiley. Wm. Lloyd Garrison, Mrs. Fan- 
 ny Garrison Villard of New York, 
 daughter of Garrison; O. G. Villard of 
 New York, editor of New York Even- 
 ing Post, grandson of Garrison; Capt. 
 Charles L. Mitchell, Hon. Mooriield 
 Storey. Hon. A. E. Pillsbury, Mr. J, 
 Nathaniel Butler. Miss Alia W. Foster, 
 daughter of Abbey Kelley Foster and 
 Stephen Foster; Hon. A. A. Perry. 
 Miss Pauline Hopkins, Frank Sanborn, 
 Mr. A. M. Howe, Rev. A. A. Berle, 
 Rabbi Chas. Fleischer, Rev. Byron 
 Gunner. Prof. Albert B. Hart, John I). 
 Long, trustee (jf Zion A. M. E. Zion 
 church, E. H. Clement, editor of Tran- 
 script; .John W. Hutchinson. Walter 
 Allen, editor of The Herald; Emory T. 
 Morris, C. G. Morgan, Miss Alice 
 Stone Blackwell. Mrs. Lucia Ame^ 
 Mead. Rev. Wm. H. Scott, president of 
 Boston Suffrage league; .John W. 
 Smith, an old anti-slavery printer, 
 Joshua A. Crawford, Walter Thomas, 
 T. P. Taylor, W. M. Trotter, secretary 
 Garrison Centenary ((Hiimittee; James 
 A. Lew, Horai-c Gray, Pierre Zeno, 
 i-ommander of Wm. Lloyd Garrison G. 
 A. R. iKJst of Brooklyn, N. Y.. Rev. F. 
 (}. Sn»dson, Homer B. Sprague, Edwin 
 I). Meiul, Rev. Chas. Ames, Rebecca 
 T. Collins, who knew CJarrison; Geo. 
 G. Bradford, Geo. R. Tabcrs, G. W. 
 Fowle. who was in mob with Garri^oi, 
 Rev. Jesse Harrell. 
 
 The Invocation was given by Rev. S. 
 J. ComfiH-t, Rev. Jesse Ilarrcll not ar- 
 riving till later. .Mr. Mark R. DeMor- 
 tle, chairman of the Citizens' commi'- 
 tee, presided. The Cres(enl .Male 
 quartet sang very acceptably "Tie 
 Voli-e of Pea<-e." 
 
 Secretary William ,M. Trotter of the 
 SufTrage league committee, read letters 
 of regret from William H. nupren, 
 
 Rev. Francis H. Rowley, N. P. Hal- 
 lowell and ex-Gov. J. Q. A. Brackett 
 
 Mr. Mark R. DeMortie spoke in part 
 as follows: 
 
 The hero of whom we shall spe;ik 
 was born at Newburyport in this state 
 one hundred years ago. At his birth 
 place he was surrounded by such elo- 
 quent and influential men as Caleb 
 Gushing, W. D. Northen and Richard 
 S. Spoflord. the husband of Harriet 
 Spofford, the authoress, all of them ad- 
 vocating the cause and justness of 
 slavery. 
 
 He gathered his little company, and 
 they met in the African Baptist 
 church. Smith court. Joy street, and 
 formed the New England Anti-Slavery 
 society and declared for immediate 
 emancipation.. W'hen they adjourned 
 and stepped out in the storm and dark- 
 ness from the meeting he remarked, 
 "our numbers are few and our influ- 
 ence limited but mark my prediction, 
 Faneuil Hall shall ere long echo with 
 the iirinciples we have set forth. We 
 shall shake the nation by their mighty 
 power." 
 
 We that are alive today have lived 
 to see his prediction verified. His 
 words and labors not only abolished 
 slavery in the United States but in 
 the West Indies and serfdom in Rus- 
 sia. It was only three years alter the 
 issue of this little sheet (holds up Lib- 
 erator) that slavery was abolished in 
 the West Indies; you will not find in 
 the history of the world where so 
 much was accomplished in so short a 
 time. (Applause.) When you will stop 
 to consider that slavery was only abol- 
 ished in our neighboring state. New 
 York, in 1S27, what a great work Wil- 
 liam Lloyd Garrison and his apoi^tolie 
 brothers and sisters accomi)lished in 
 so short a period. God bless them all. 
 I mi'st enumerate some of their names. 
 1 do not want those that do not read 
 history to forget, among their number 
 was Arthur and Lewis Tapi)en, the 
 I ovejoy brothers. Maria and Mary 
 Chaiimans. Oliver Johnson. Frances 
 Jackson, Samuel and Samuel J. May, 
 the Hutchinson family, Lucy Stone, 
 Frodei-jck Douglass. Frank Sanliorn. 
 
BIRTH OK WILLIAM LLONI) (;Akl<IS().\ 
 
 37 
 
 Abby Kelley. Charles C. Biiiieisli, 
 Charles l.euox Remond, Dr. Samuel 
 G. Howe. Julia Ward Howe, William 
 C. Nell, last to name among others Is 
 Parker Pillsbury and Wendell Phil- 
 lips, but they were the peers of them 
 all. 
 
 Where shall we look today tor the 
 man that will espouse the wrongs of 
 my race; we are outraged and by men 
 in the South today, because we went 
 200,000 strong to help save the nation 
 from rebeldom. (Applause.) I had 
 hoped for a Moody before the admin- 
 istration found him big enough for a 
 cabinet office. Let us continue to hope 
 and hope on trusting to God to right 
 our wrongs. 
 
 It is not my duty to speak but to in- 
 troduce those that may address you. 
 The committee has seen fit and proper 
 to select me for that duty as I pre- 
 sided at the emancipation meeting that 
 was held January the first, 1SG3, in 
 Tremont Temple at which the work of 
 William Lloyd Garrison was consum- 
 mated. 
 
 Rev. Charles G. Ames, was the first 
 speaker. He spoke extemporaneously 
 and gave very sober advice saying in 
 part: "When we turned free 4,000,000 
 ex-slaves it was a good deal like shak- 
 ing out a ragbag. They have been 
 climbing every day, and they still have 
 a great deal of progress to make. 
 There is still a battle to be waged 
 against the same spirit which made 
 slavery possible. You will get your 
 dues not by appealing to white men 
 to help you, but by helping your- 
 selves. You have got to become self- 
 reliant and self-respecting, and only 
 this kind of appeal will win." 
 
 Mr. B. R. Wilson yielded his place on 
 the program to Mrs. Fanny Garrison 
 Villard. who received an ovation. She 
 said: "I know that what my dear 
 father did for the Colored race, all he 
 sacrificed, he has got back. He had 
 a moral uplift and high associates, and 
 I feel that he more than got it back 
 from you by your sincere affection." 
 (Great applause). 
 
 Rabbi Charles Fleischer follow^ed. In 
 the course of his address he said: 
 
 "In participating in this centenary 
 celebration of a man whom we all de- 
 light to honor, let me speak to a text 
 furnished by Garrison himself: 'I 
 claim to be a human rights man.' That 
 was a sentiment to be expected from 
 
 the universalislic seer, wIhj, in frenzy 
 exclaimed: 'My ((ninlry is the world; 
 my countrymen are all mankind.' 
 
 "After all, a specific WTong or inju.s- 
 lice is only a local or a i)arti(ular 
 phase of general wrong or injustice. 
 It means a falling short of idciil stand- 
 ards. Slavery in the I'nited Stales, 
 oppression of Armenians in Turkey, 
 persecution of Jews in Russia— these 
 are all poison, fruits of the same 
 deadly tree. They all tell the same 
 sad story of the survival of beastli- 
 ness in man, none the less betustly 
 when it expresses itself in the con- 
 tempt of refined and "superior' folks 
 for those whom they think or who ac- 
 tually may be inferior. 
 
 "Real superiority proves itself not 
 in hatred and contempt, in an ever- 
 widening spiral of sympathy and love. 
 The more one can include the more 
 human one is. The grown-up man 
 says naturally: 'I think nothing hu- 
 man foreign to me. Even the rights 
 of Russia are dear to me, whose fel- 
 low Jews are being treated atrociously 
 by other Russians." 
 
 "Fortunately, we may claim today 
 that the sort of man typified in the 
 fine figure of Garrison, the Human 
 Rights Man. is not so rare in our days 
 as he was In those days." 
 
 Moorfield Storey, president of the 
 Anti-Imperialist League, who was pri- 
 vate secretary to Charles Sumner, said 
 in part: 
 
 "This celebration comes at a fortu- 
 nate hour. We are passing through a 
 reaction against the great principles 
 of freedom and equal rights to advance 
 which Mr. Garrison devoted his life, 
 and we need assured faith. We need 
 to be reminded how much can be ac- 
 complished in a good cause by cour- 
 age, persistence and unwavering de- 
 votion against odds which seem to be 
 overwhelming — how certain is the tri- 
 umph of right. 
 
 "Yet with no arms but his pen and 
 his voice, with no funds and without a 
 single subscriber to support his news- 
 paper. Garrison attacked the mon- 
 strous wrong, and for a generation 
 urged unrelenting war against it. 
 Poverty and hardship, abuse, execra- 
 tion and contempt, the jail, the mob, 
 and the danger of violent death, nev- 
 er appalled him nor turned him from 
 his purpose. 
 
 "It is altogether fitting that we 
 should honor a man of this rare mold. 
 
 I 
 
38 
 
 () N K 111 N 1 ) k K 1 )'!' 1 1 A N N 1 \' K RS A R \' 
 
 He deserves all the honor we lan pay 
 him. but it is not by eulogies or meet- 
 ings or statues that we honor him best, 
 but by following his example and 
 showing something at least of his 
 constanry and tt)urage. 
 
 "The equal rights of men, which, 
 when he liied seemed assured in this 
 country, are again questioned. In 
 many states American citizens are de- 
 nied the right to vote on account of 
 their color. There and elsewhere they 
 are exposed to lawless violence, are 
 subjected to cruel punishments with- 
 out trial, are visited with social in- 
 dignities, are denied the equal oppor- 
 tunity which is the birthright of every 
 man. are taunted with inferiority, 
 while many insist that they are and of 
 right must be forced to remain hewers 
 of wood and drawers of water, incap- 
 able of higher things. Let us learn 
 from the example of Garrison to resist 
 with all our might and with untiring 
 persistence the ignorant and un-Chris- 
 tian prejudice which is responsible for 
 those wrongs. 
 
 "Our taslv compared with Garrison's 
 is easy. We have seen slavery over- 
 thrown. We have learned that all the 
 strong forces once enlisted in its sup- 
 port were unable to keep 4,000,000 of 
 men as slaves. Can we believe for a 
 moment that any force can keep 10,- 
 000,000 of free men down in a country 
 where everything that they can see 
 and everything that they can hear 
 strengthens the impulse to rise, which 
 is i)lanted in the breast of every hu- 
 man being at his birth? Let us per- 
 severe in the path which Garrison 
 opened for us until every man in this 
 great country, the world, has an equal 
 opportunity to be and to do whatever 
 his powers permit, unfettered by law 
 and unhampered by prejudice, look- 
 ing forward to the day when mankind 
 shall rise to his high plane, and we 
 shall all say with him: 'My country is 
 the world. My countrymen are all 
 mankind.' " ( Ai)plau.se.) 
 
 Hon. A. E. Pillsbury, ex-attorney- 
 general of this state, sjKike as fol- 
 lows: 
 
 Fellr)w ('iti/.«'iis: I dislike to make 
 any allusion to race distinctions, 
 which I would ignore and forget if 
 I could, but where are the white men 
 who ought to fill this hall today? 
 l)fM*s not the memory of Garri.son be- 
 long also to them? Do they not 
 know that the emancipation for which 
 
 he gave his life was more theirs than 
 yours? Where is that fellow citizen 
 of ours who may be described as the 
 white American? Has he forgotten 
 the way to Faneuil Hall? There was 
 a time when he knew it. I came down 
 here last Saturday evening to help 
 save the old frigate Constitution, and 
 I found the hall filled, and the plat- 
 form covered, with Irishmen. (Laugh- 
 ter.) Coming here today to celebrate 
 Garrison, 1 find the occasion wholly 
 in the hands of another class of our 
 fellow citizens, who, to say the least, 
 would have great difficulty in tracing 
 their descent from the Pilgrim or the 
 Puritan. (Laughter.) Does not the 
 white man know that any question 
 of liberty is his question? Does he 
 not know that a question of equal 
 rights is more his question than 
 yours, in the proportion of nine or 
 ten to one? Does he not know that 
 his rights are not safe so long as 
 yours are not secure? 
 
 But this is not what I came here to 
 say. I wish to make today, if I can, a 
 practical application of Garrison's ex- 
 ample. 
 
 Garrison was the great agitator. The 
 bronze figure down yonder in Com- 
 monwealth avenue is a monument to 
 the power of agitation, the mar.shalling 
 of the conscience of the country to 
 mould its laws, as Peel called it. It is 
 sometimes said by historians and oth- 
 ers who know no better that the aboli- 
 tionists contributed but little to the 
 downfall of slavery. But Garrison had 
 at work, long before the slave power 
 made the fatal mistake of firing the 
 shot against Sumter, the forces which 
 were to destroy slavery. He saw its 
 weakest point, and he drove straight 
 at it. The slave power always laughed 
 at the political and economic argu- 
 ments against it. Calhoun the ablest 
 defender of the system, was acute 
 enough to see that slavery could sur- 
 vive only ui)on the ground that it was 
 right. Garrison put aside all questions 
 of i)olicy or expediency, and demanded 
 immediate and unconditional emanci- 
 |)ali()n because slavery was wrong. 
 Tlien the slave power knew that he had 
 pierced the joint in its armor. The re- 
 coil from Garrison's blow, the blind 
 and furious rage in which the whole 
 slavocracy rose up to demand his sup- 
 I)ression and to put a i)rice upon his 
 life, was ijroof enough that the l)lo\v 
 had gone home to the vital part. 
 
 Ganison lived to see the constitu- 
 
BIRIH OF WILLIAM I.l,()\ I) CARRISON 
 
 39 
 
 tional amendments wipe out shivery, 
 raise the black man to the level of citi- 
 zenship, and clothe him with its 
 rights and privileges. Now, within 
 less than thirty years from his death, 
 the clouds have gathered over the 
 enfranchi&ed race, and there is today 
 a call for a new prophet of freedom. 
 The white south refuses to accept the 
 Negro as a man and a citizen. It is 
 nothing that he poured out his own 
 blood in a hundrecl battles for the gov- 
 ernment which now turns its back up- 
 on him. All that is forgotten. The 
 moral wave that culminated with the 
 Emancipation Proclamation and tho 
 13th Amendment has subsided. 
 
 The public conscience is asleep. 
 The country looks on with indifference 
 while the Negro is stripped not merely 
 of his right to vote but of his right 
 to live as a free man and citizen. He 
 must live by the labor of his hands, 
 and the ballot is the only weapon by 
 which he can defend his right to 
 vork on equal terms with others who 
 have it. (Applause.) Take it away 
 and you leave him a slave in fact, if 
 nor in law. By this process the black 
 man is being remanded to servitude, 
 and the white man as well, for when 
 the thing is done it puts the whole 
 country under political subjection to 
 the law-defying states. (Applause.) 
 The courts evade the question, con- 
 gress finds no politics in it, trade, self- 
 ish and mercenary now as it always is. 
 encourages it. and the law of the land 
 is set aside, by force or by fraud, for 
 one-ninth of all the citizens of the 
 United States. 
 
 The work that Garrison began is 
 not yet done. (Applause.) It must 
 be done by agitation, with fire kindled 
 at the same altar. (Apnlause. ) It 
 must be done bv the black man him- 
 self. (Applause.) "Who would be free, 
 themselves must strike the blow." In 
 Ga.vrison's time the Negro was prop- 
 erty, without even a tongue of his 
 own. Now he is at least a man. whose 
 right to speak for himself cannot be 
 denied or sunnressed. When Garrison 
 began, be bad to beein by unmaking 
 the whole public opinion of the time, 
 and the whole bodv of laws. Now the 
 law is with the p'^rsecuted race, and 
 it needs oiily public opinion to en- 
 force it. Create this public opinion 
 and every politician will bow to it 
 like a reed in the wind. 
 
 If the white race has for the time 
 abandoned the Negro to his fate, let 
 
 him talvc liis own caiisi' into liis own 
 hands. They are (Mpial to it. 1 iiavc 
 read within a few days a pamphh't 
 on this suijject. produced wholly by 
 Colored men, in which thtire is more 
 logic, inort' pliilosopliy and moro 
 .'^tati siiianslii|) than the white race, 
 north ni- south, has developed .since 
 tluTiiconstit uiional amcnduK'nts. You 
 have no need to look abroarl for Icail- 
 crs. If the Colored rac- will stand to- 
 gether, sinkiiig all jealousies and dif- 
 ferences in a resolute and unceasing 
 demand for the im]jariial enforcement 
 of the laws, giving the cxjuntry no rest 
 until there is one rule alike for white 
 and black over every fool of soil, 
 there can be no doul)t of the result. 
 (Ai)plause.) It is only ;i question of 
 courage and endurance. If the demand 
 is irrepressible, it will prove to be ir- 
 resistible. (.\pplause.) The people 
 have never failed, in the end, when 
 appealed to on a question of funda- 
 mental right. The universal instinct 
 of freedom will respond to the ai)peal. 
 The whole histoi-j^ of mankind is the 
 history of a struggle for freedom, in 
 which there is no backward step. All 
 the moral forces of the universe, the 
 A^ery stars in their courses, fight on 
 the side of a race striving after its 
 own liberty. In that cause there may 
 be delay and discouragement, but there 
 is no defeat. (Applause.) 
 
 Miss Pauline E. Hopkins spoke in 
 part as follows: 
 
 I count it this afternoon, the 
 greatest honor that will ever 
 come to me that I am permitted to 
 stand in this historic hall and say one 
 word for the liberties of my race. I 
 thought to myself how dare I. a weak 
 woman, humble in comparison with 
 other people. Yesterday I sat in the 
 old Joy street church and you cHn 
 imagine my emotions as I remem- 
 bered my great grandfather begged 
 in England the money that heljied the 
 Negro cause, that my gran<lfathe'- on 
 mv father's side, signed the papers 
 with Garrison at Philadelphia. I re- 
 membered that at Punker Hill my an- 
 cestors on my maternal side noured 
 out their blood. I am a daughter of 
 the Revolution, you do not acknowl- 
 "ds-e black daughters of the Revolu- 
 tion, but we are going to take that 
 right. 
 
 The conditions which cave birth to 
 so remarkable a reformer and patriot 
 Avere peculiar. The entire American 
 republic had set itself to do evil, and 
 
OM-. IllNDKKDl'H A NM \' KKSA R V 
 
 its leading forces, wealth, religion and 
 pairty, joined the iK>i)ular side and 
 Ihreatened the death of Liberty in the 
 Repiililic. But the dairkest hour was 
 but a herald of the dawn. No s^reat 
 '•••forni was ever projected or patron- 
 d by any powerful orf^anization or 
 :;ilueniial individual at the outset. 
 Ki'fornuiiion always begins in the 
 heart of a solitar>' individual; some 
 humble man or woman unknown to 
 fame is lifted up to tlie level of the 
 AImi>;ht\'s heartbeats where is un- 
 folilfd to him what presently must be 
 done. Thus it was that after the im- 
 lx>sition of the colonization scheme, 
 till- issuing of Walker's "Appeal," and 
 his own imprisonment at Baltimore, 
 the poor and obscure Newbury port 
 •inter's boy. without rei)Utation, so- 
 il or political inlluenCc', or money, 
 inaugurated the greatest reform of the 
 ninetfenlh century, and within one 
 v.-ar of the first issue of the "Libera- 
 ■ >r," the entire countr>' knew the 
 .tnie of Garrison. God had heard the 
 layers of suffering humanity. He 
 ;iid "enough." The hour struck on 
 le horologe of Eternity, and the man 
 as there. S'ide by side with Martin 
 utht r's "Here I take my stand," is 
 le "1 will be heard" of William Lloyd 
 ' ;:irris()n. (Ai)plause.) 
 
 In September, 1834. we are told that 
 
 t!ie Reformer received the greatest in- 
 
 ivhlual help that ever came to him 
 
 iirii:i; his life, when he married Miss 
 
 l'.\'./:: Fienson, daughter of a venerable 
 
 1 ii l;;nthropist of Rhode Island, and 
 
 luMt after woman's subtle, intuitive in- 
 
 ' '!ni I added another sense to the won- 
 
 ;i'rful i)owers of this remarkable man. 
 
 Very shortly after their marriage, this 
 
 br:i\e woman was called to view the 
 
 rj.obbiug of her husband by the Bo^- 
 
 •nn •Uroidcloth Mob." She stepped 
 
 • indow rpon a shed at the 
 
 • : his extremesi danger, be- 
 :iii; )!• : lif in danger from the riot- 
 <Th. Mis hat was lost, and brickbats 
 v.»»re rained upon his head, while he 
 W.I l.iisib'd along in the direction of 
 III'- tar-k<-tile In the next street. The 
 only words that escaped from the 
 wlilif lIpK of the young wife were: 
 "I think my husband will not deny his 
 pritx ipb'H; I am sun- my hiushand will 
 n«vfr deny his prln<dples." The same 
 hplril of encouragement still exists 
 In women. What danger? will not a 
 woman dare for the support and com- 
 fort «»f huhband. father or brother? 
 Not M' lonK ago. when a lUxston young 
 man of color was bustled and beaten 
 
 and jailed for upholding free speech 
 and independent thought, he was sus- 
 tained and comforted by the words of 
 a sister: "Remember, this is not dis- 
 grace, but honor. It is for principle — 
 it is for principle." 
 
 Mr. Garrison went about his work 
 against slavery with tremendous moral 
 earnestness. At first he advocated 
 gradual emancipation, but after his 
 baptism of injustice in a Baltimore jail 
 his sentiments changed to the start- 
 ling doctrine of immediate and uncon- 
 ditional emancipation. Gradual eman- 
 cipation was a popular and inoffensive 
 doctrine, a safe shore from which to 
 view freedom for the Blacks. It is 
 analogous with the startling propa- 
 ganda of disfranchisement, or gradual 
 enfranchisement after the Afro-Ameri- 
 can has proved himself fit for the bal- 
 lot. We remember that history re- 
 cords the broken promises of freedom 
 given by the Southern States to the 
 blacks of Southern regiments in the 
 Revolutionary W^ar. Those men earn- 
 ed their freedom, proved their right to 
 manhood, but at the close of the war 
 were told that. "You have done well, 
 boys, now get honie to your masters. " 
 The time will never come for the en- 
 franchisement of the black if he de- 
 pends ui)on an aclvnowledgement from 
 the south of his worthiness for the 
 ballot. (Applause.) As if the faithful- 
 ness of the black man to this govern- 
 ment from the Revolution until this 
 day, the blood freely shed to sustain 
 Republican principles in every war 
 waged against the Republic, the gen- 
 tle, patient docility with which we 
 have borne every wrong, were not 
 proof of our fitness to enjoy what is 
 right. (Applause.) 
 
 Mr. Garrison lived to see his cause 
 triumph in the emancipation of the 
 slave, and died believing that the man- 
 hood rights of every citizen of the 
 United States were secured then and 
 forever. But the rise of a younger 
 generation, the influence of an uncon- 
 quered south, and the acquiescence of 
 an ease-loving north that winks at 
 abuses where commercial relations and 
 manufactures flourish and imt money 
 in the ])urse, have neutralized the ef- 
 ft'cts of the stern policy of these giants 
 of an earlier age. 
 
 Great indeed was the battle for the 
 abolition of slaverv', but greater far 
 will be the battle for manhood rights. 
 Let us hope that this timely re- 
 view of the noble words and deeds of 
 
JURTH OF WILLIAM LL()\|) (iARRLSDN 
 
 41 
 
 Garrison and his followers, may re- 
 kindle within our breasts the love of 
 liberty. Were Mr. Garrison living in 
 this materialistic age, when the price 
 of manhood is a good dinner, a fine 
 position, a smile of approval and a 
 pat on the back from the man of in- 
 fluence, of a fat endowment, again, 
 would he cry aloud, "The apathy of the 
 people is enough to make every statue 
 leap from its pedestal, and to hasten 
 the resurrection of the dead." 
 
 Here in Paneuil hall, let us vow, as 
 the greatest tribute we can pay to Mr. 
 Garrison's memory, to keep alive the 
 sacred flame of universal liberty in 
 the Republic for all races and classes, 
 by every legitimate means, petitions 
 to individuals, to associations, to for- 
 eign governments, to legislatures, to 
 congress, print and circulate literature, 
 and let the voice of the agent and lec- 
 turer be constantly heard. Let us 
 swear to be "as harsh as truth, and as 
 uncompromising as justice." And let 
 us bear in mind the beauty of doing 
 all things for the upbuilding of hu- 
 manity; persecution and intellectual 
 development have broadened us until 
 we can clearly see that if the blacks 
 are downed in the fight for manhood, 
 no individual or race will be safe with- 
 in our borders. This government has 
 welded all races into one great na- 
 tion until now, what is good for the 
 individual member of the body politic 
 is good for all, and vice versa. Here 
 where the south and its sympathizers 
 have so strenuously denied the broth- 
 erhood of man, by our mixed popula- 
 tion, God has proved his declaration, 
 "Of one blood have I made all races 
 of men to dwell upon the whole face 
 of the earth together." This truth 
 Mr. Garrison and his followers freely 
 acknowledged in the beauty and purity 
 of their lives and deeds. 
 
 Mr. Edwin D. Mead of the Old 
 South work, said in part: 
 
 There is no word of Garrison's quot- 
 ed so often as that which he put on 
 the front of the Liberator and which 
 is on his statue, and yet that very 
 word is a far more fitting motto of 
 the crusade in behalf of the brother- 
 hood of nations than of the crusade in 
 behalf of emancipation. He said all 
 of the great anti-slavery leaders in 
 England were alive to the necessity of 
 this struggle for the brotherhood of 
 nations. The leaders of these two 
 
 movements were largely the same 
 men. 
 
 Chas. Sumner began his public ca- 
 reer with his Fourth of July oration 
 against war, and continued the effort 
 there begun until the end of his life, 
 and fought his life long as hard for 
 peace as for emancipation. Garrison 
 of all the great group was perhaps the 
 most sweeping opponent of war, going 
 the full length of the non-resistant 
 principle, like Tolstoy today, con- 
 demning even defensive war, a posi- 
 tion not taken by Sumner or Chan- 
 ning. A conquest by force, he said, 
 was no real conquest at all; only by 
 love and reason was genuine conquest 
 possible. His work was for the re- 
 demption of the human race; he was 
 bound, he said, by a law which knew 
 no national partitions. One of his last 
 efforts was against our severe exclu- 
 sion laws against the Chinese. He 
 wished that every custom house on 
 earth might be abolished; ludicrous 
 and mischievous especially were pro- 
 tective laws in behalf of people's prid- 
 ing themselves upon being stronger 
 and more intelligent than their 
 neighbors. He was Mazzini's sym- 
 pathizing and admiring friend; and 
 today his heart would beat strongly 
 in sympathy with the struggling mil- 
 lions of Russia. The European re- 
 formers, Dickens, Harriet Martineau, 
 Bright, Mill, Victor Hugo, were the 
 supporters and inspirers of our anti- 
 slavery reformers, and George Thomp- 
 son stood fittingly by Garrison's side 
 at Fort Sumter, in 1SG5, when the 
 old flag rose again, the symbol now 
 of a nation from which slavery had 
 been banished. And yet the work of 
 emancipation is not yet wholly done; 
 crying abuses against the Negro de- 
 mand redress, while in many parts of 
 the land his elementary political 
 rights are denied him. The Garrison 
 spirit is needed still in the war 
 against slavery. It is needed more 
 in the war against war. In this day 
 of multiplying battleships, and of iter- 
 ated and reiterated boasts in highest 
 official places that we are a mighty 
 folk, who "don't want to fight, but 
 by jingo if we do I" we need to real- 
 ize anew the duty of a great nation 
 acting like a gentleman; we need to 
 remember with Garrison that a selfish 
 and bastard patriotism is a mischiev- 
 ous and mournful principle, that we 
 are men before we are Americans, and 
 that our obligations are to all man- 
 kind. 
 
().\1-. lllM)Ri:|i 111 .\NM\ l-'.RSAk\' 
 
 Rw. Dr. A. A. Bi-rk' of Salem, a 
 nuted CongreKalional niinisttT, said in 
 part : 
 
 The Negro race, whatever it once 
 was, is here as an integral part of 
 American citizenship. And it is here 
 not to be n-cUonetl with i)riniaril.v 
 as a iharge. primarily as an is- 
 sue, but primarily as a body of 
 American citizens, and as an Ameri- 
 can who expects to exercise his suf- 
 frage as an American a few years 
 longer, I refuse to regard my 
 countryman either as a charge, as 
 a problem or as an issue. I propose 
 to regard him as a citizen and as a 
 citizen alone. (Applause.) I think 
 that wise words of advice were the 
 words already spoken by my friend, 
 Mr. Pillsbury, when he said that the 
 Neeroes of America must act as a 
 unit. And they must act together and 
 bring the entire wealth of mind and 
 thought and spirit and conscience 
 which the total race possesses to bear 
 upon their own prol)lem of develop- 
 ment and advancement. There is a 
 question, however, as to jturchasing 
 unity upon a platform upon 
 which the unity is not worth 
 having. (Applause). Believing as I 
 do that the problem of education is 
 a prolilem for us all, I believe that in- 
 dustrial education is essential to the 
 black man and the white man alike. 
 But I refuse to believe that any por- 
 tion of American citizens is to be per- 
 manently set apart for mere industrial 
 improvement. (Applause.) What is 
 the question, the problem, that is agi- 
 tating the white race? The indus- 
 trial question. What is the great 
 t<'rror that is stirring us all? Trium- 
 [ihant, insistent, repressive industrial- 
 ism. Are you willing that a recently 
 emerged race shall be handeci, 
 bound hand and foot, into the arms 
 of the Industrial monster? (Great 
 apidause. ) I say this because I be- 
 lieve that you can never i)ermanent- 
 ly H«-parate in this land the black 
 man from his citizenship. Why do 
 we have demonstrative exhibitions 
 like this here? \V<' have them hceausc 
 w<? have the monstrous spectacle of a 
 race practically sulnnerged and de- 
 prived of its national citizenship, con- 
 d<'mn<-<l to involuntary scrviiiidi' in 
 Atncrjca. 
 
 Now, my df-ar friends, to me it is a 
 [•••rfi-ctly tiali'val dcvelonment of this 
 ron<llllon thai the llnory wjildy em- 
 braced Koeth and north that 
 the Negro race needs primar- 
 
 ily to be fitted for industrial 
 occupation should receive the en- 
 dowment o!' ;i conspicuous figure in 
 an industrial trust. (Hreat applause.) 
 I want to say to you this afternoon 
 tliat if I were a Negro as I am a white 
 man; if I were with you in the tradi- 
 tions which belong to the Xe^cro 
 race, I would spurn any platform of 
 unity that first had to spurn the Con- 
 stitution of the United States. (Great 
 api)]ause. ) The dcnoininational or- 
 gan of that to whch I belonu; said the 
 other day that the days of the radi- 
 cals were over, and I suppose in some 
 sense that is true. But let us at least 
 remember that it does not lie in the 
 l)ower of any man or any set of men 
 permanently to hold down the truth 
 in unrighteousness. And I simply 
 came this afternoon to bid you Godsi)eed 
 on the line for which Garrison stood. 
 And let me say to you that in spite 
 of all I may seem to have implied by 
 what I have said, make no mistakes. 
 You will have to advance industrially. 
 I am sorry for any man, white or 
 black, who does not know the use of 
 his hands. But I want to say, while 
 you advance, God help your race, as 
 God only ajiparently can help any 
 lace, as long as it sticks by the mon- 
 strous degrading maxim, ''Get money 
 in the bank." (.Wild applause). I will 
 say to you what v,'e must do is to hark 
 back to the primary platform which is 
 embodied in the United States Con- 
 stitution. And when we have made 
 citizenship mean what it is supposed 
 to mean in every part of this land you 
 will not need the endowment of any 
 millionaire to set your schools in mo- 
 tion, because free men build their own 
 schools and educate their own chil- 
 dren, themselves. 
 
 This statement was hailed with en- 
 thusiastic and instant approval. The 
 ai)plaust' as Rev. Dr. Herle finished 
 was deafiming. Theaudience went wild 
 with delight over his assertions as to 
 the terms of race unity and as to in- 
 dustrialism. A. M. Howe, Esq., an 
 eminent Boston lawyer and reformer, 
 rose at the back of the platform and 
 shouting in a loud voice, "Thank God 
 for a self-respecting man," led three 
 cheers for Berle, which were given 
 with a will by the audience. 
 
 Mr. Reed said in part: 
 
 The stirring events in connection 
 with this celebration have prompted 
 this query in my mind: What would 
 
BIRTH OF WILLIAM LL()\I) CARRISON 
 
 43 
 
 Garrison do If he was again among 
 us? Could he but see the gradual 
 nullification of his life's work, the re- 
 enslavement and disfranchisement of 
 a portion of the race he labored so 
 hard to free; could he but come to 
 Boston, the scene of his early strug- 
 gles and final triumphs; could he but 
 see here, as I have seen, men and wo- 
 men, some of the best in the land, be- 
 cause of their color turned away in the 
 night and the cold from ])ubllc inns; 
 refused admittance or herded in thea- 
 tre and other places of a public na- 
 ture, ignored and ridiculed, denied 
 even a fair chance to secure food and 
 raiment — could Garrison see these 
 conditions as they confront you and 
 me today, I believe that he would start 
 another "Liberator." 
 
 Its initial number would contain a 
 message to both races. To his own 
 race he would say: "You have been 
 false to the trust I gave you," and I 
 think he would say, too, that "When 
 a people's liberty is in jeopardy there 
 is something more potent needed than 
 kind words and sympathy." To my 
 own race I can hear him repeating: 
 "Be United," "Fear God, then disre- 
 gard all other fears." 
 
 If ever Boston needed another Gar- 
 rison it is now. We need one to 
 warm the hearts of the thousands who 
 in the mad fight for gold have left 
 poor humanity to suffer in the cold. 
 We need a Garrison at the head of 
 some of our great dailies to speak out 
 boldly and in uncompromising lan- 
 guage against the wrongs heaped upon 
 us. 
 
 If we had more Garrisons at the 
 head of some of our mercantile firms 
 the Colored boys and girls with merit, 
 seeking positions there, would not be 
 turned away with the cold answer, 
 "No Negro need apply." 
 
 I am not pessimistic nor do I for 
 a moment forget the shortcomings of 
 my own race. It is with us that the 
 real evil lies and it is with us that 
 the remedy must be sought. "Who 
 would be free himself must strike the 
 blow." 
 
 Kossuth, the famous Hungarian 
 leader, himself an exile for freedom's 
 sake, speaking in Faneuil Hall a half- 
 century ago, sounded a keynote which 
 we may with profit apply. Said he: 
 "Freedom never was given to a na- 
 tion as a gift, but only as a reward 
 bravely earned by own exertions, own 
 sacrifices and own toils." 
 
 William Lloyd Garrison, typifying 
 
 as he did in a sense the lifi- of the 
 lowly Nazarenc, suffered and endured 
 much that the slave might lie free 
 and now as men and women how much 
 more ought we to sacrifice that his 
 work shall endure. 
 
 Prof. A. B. Mart of Harvard Univer- 
 sity said in part: 
 
 We have heard a great deal icjday 
 about the future and about the pres- 
 ent, and it is right to weave the fu 
 ture into the present. But as I came 
 into this hall something else had come 
 into my mind. It is the figure of a 
 man whom I never saw, yet whom all 
 of us have seen, the personality of 
 that great character whose 100th 
 birthday we have come here to cele- 
 brate. One hundred years ago today 
 that man first saw the light. Seventy 
 years ago today, almost to a day, a 
 public meeting was held in this hall, 
 presided over by the then mayor of 
 Boston, to protest against William 
 Lloyd Garrison. And at that meeting 
 Peter Chandler pointed to this pic- 
 ture of Washington as a slave-holder, 
 forgetting that that slave-holder by 
 his last will did what he could to re- 
 pair the wrong that had been done to 
 those people who had served him, by 
 setting them free. In that meeting, 
 Otis criticised the abolitionists as a 
 set of incendiaries. 
 
 How is it that that man has exer- 
 cised such a mighty influence upon 
 his country and has come to be one of 
 the acknowledged masters in our 
 great republic? Mr. Garrison saw 
 what other people failed to see — that 
 the truth should make you free. (Ap- 
 plause.) The whole basis of Mr. Gar- 
 rison's power was rot that he could 
 create a situation, not that it was in 
 his power to set free the sla^s, but 
 that they were by nature free. And 
 what he set out to do and what he 
 succeeded in doing was simply to call 
 the attention of his countrymen to the 
 truth which lay before them all— a 
 truth so mighty that it burst the bonds 
 in which men had attempted to en- 
 velop it. Furthermore. Mr. Garrison 
 stood for a principle for which every 
 man. woman and child in America 
 owes him thanks on this, his lUOth 
 birtnday, namely, the principle that 
 there is no offence to anybody in tell- 
 ing the truth and in telling it in pub- 
 lic! 
 
 Among the arguments put forth at 
 that time was that on one side the 
 
44 
 
 ONK m NDKKDrH ANM \' KRSA R\' 
 
 Negro race was a poor, weak, servile 
 race, and that on the other side it 
 WHS a race so strong and powerful 
 that you could not whisper in the 
 hearing of a slave that he ousht to be 
 free without dehiKin^ the country in 
 blood and breakinj; up the wliole in- 
 stitution itself. That contradiction 
 w;'.s carefully expressed by Mr. Garri- 
 son. If the Negro was poor and weak, 
 where was the danger from him? If 
 he was strong and powerful, where 
 was the right that he should bo held 
 a slave? 
 
 This man. so strong, was after all 
 a n)an of kindness, of simjilicity of 
 heart. He not only hated the sinner 
 and the oppressor, but he loved the 
 oppressed. 
 
 The world is advanced by the man 
 of one idea, the men who have the 
 strength and power to fill their minds 
 with one subject. I feel, therefore, 
 grateful today for Mr. Garrison, not 
 because he was always right, because 
 If Mr. Garrison and his friends were 
 always right, then my father and 
 grandfather were often wrong. 
 (Laughter). I am willing to divide 
 the responsibility. Not because he 
 was always just; he was often hard 
 and terrible. But because he had in 
 him such a belief in the rightfulness 
 of his cause that he must speak and 
 the people before him must listen to 
 him. I admire Mr. Garrison; I am 
 proud to ajipear here today upon this 
 anniversary because he justified what 
 he said of himself. "I have flattered 
 no man." 
 
 Mr. Henry B. Blackwell, upon whose 
 head the south once put a price, said 
 In part ; 
 
 I met Mr. Garrison und^r peculiar 
 circumstances. He was brought to 
 our house In Jersey City when I was 
 about twelve years old by my father 
 to spend the night, because it was 
 thought unsafe for him to remain In 
 New York. I remember him as a 
 man thirty-two years of age. 
 
 Garrison did not believe In using 
 physical force, nor military force, nor 
 political force. He stood where Tol- 
 Btol stood, but he believed In telling 
 the truth and relying solely upon the 
 truth, The pf(jple of the south were 
 driven to the question of confederacy, 
 tind th«'n cann- on Lincoln. And Lin- 
 coln did not dare to lKsur> his Kmaiicl- 
 pntlon rrocl.iinatlon until several 
 years of war had ho warped the brains 
 
 of the people of the north that he was 
 able to take this step. But there 
 never would have been an Emancipa- 
 tion Proclamation, there never would 
 have been a Lincoln if there had not 
 been a Garrison. (Applause.) 
 
 You heard that beautiful intelligent 
 speech of a Colored lady, Miss Hop- 
 kins. She never could have made 
 that speech if Mr. Garrison had not 
 niad(> it possible for her to do so. He 
 advocated liberty for woman as well 
 as man. The greatest work that Mr. 
 Garrison did, in my opinion, was not 
 lu emancipating the Negro slave, but 
 It was in establishing the equality of 
 women. You will never have a free 
 countr\ until its governmenl rests 
 upon the suffrage of women as well as 
 man. You may say what you please 
 and preach what you please, but you 
 will be permanently in warfare until 
 you put the ballot in the hands of wo- 
 man. Let me tell you that the Col- 
 ored women are as much citizens as 
 the Colored men, and they need the 
 ballot far more than the men, for the 
 Colored women of the south are sub- 
 .iected to insults and injustice far more 
 than the men. (Applause.) 
 
 Mr. Garrison went over to Loudon 
 to the anti-slavery convention, and the 
 women were denied a seat there; he 
 would not sit in that convention but 
 took a seat in the gallery with the 
 women. I want to say that Mr. Garri- 
 son has made a beginning — that has 
 already borne fruit. While it is true 
 that chattel slavery is abolished, it is 
 also true that about forty thousand 
 .square miles of American soil is liv- 
 ing under woman suffrage. The wo- 
 men sent eight senators to the Con- 
 gress of the United States and nine 
 representatives. And now I appeal to 
 this Suffrage League. Gentlemen, let 
 your league stand for suffrage for 
 women as well as for men. Do not 
 forget that one-half the oppressed peo- 
 ple in this land are women and their 
 rights must be maintained as well as 
 the men's. Let us remember that this 
 question of liberty which was Garri- 
 scm's is the most important of all ques- 
 tions; for as Emerson said, "Of what 
 value is land or life, if freedom fail?" 
 
 Mr. I'"(]ward H. ClenKMit, editor of 
 the Boston Transcriiit, said in part: 
 
 There is plenty of opportunity and 
 plenty of call for the "hard language" 
 wliicli Garrison admitted li(> was ac- 
 customed to use because "he had not 
 
BIRTH OF WILLIAM LLOND CAKKISON 
 
 45 
 
 been able to find a soft word to de- 
 sci'ibe villainy or to identify tlie i)erpe- 
 trator of it." Even as regards bis 
 specialty of rescuing tlie Negro from 
 oppression almost everything remains 
 to be done over large sections of our 
 country, — indeed in our own commun- 
 ity as well, In the social prejudices of 
 cold hearts and narrow minds. As the 
 Negro rises the force of gravitation of 
 the baser habits of thought of the 
 average masses pulls the harder 
 against him. At the hour when he had 
 barely risen out of slavery we were 
 establishing his citizenship and his 
 equality in rights in the Constitution 
 and the statutes. Today the civil 
 rights are waste paper and the repeal 
 of his guarantees of citizenhood in the 
 Constitution is openly agitated. Is 
 there not as much reason for us as for 
 Garrison to .dedicate ourselves as he 
 did to trust in God wath the defiant 
 faith: — "We may be personally de- 
 feated but our principles never." Is 
 there not as much necessity to cry that 
 we will not equivocate, that we will 
 not yield an inch, and that we will be 
 heard? Shall we net rise to this con- 
 ception of duty that the obligation to 
 do a righteous act is not at all de- 
 pendent on the question whether we 
 shall succeed in carrying the multi- 
 tude with us? 
 
 "My only point is that we have no 
 business with his glory today if we 
 have none of his spirit. If we are 
 proud and grateful on his birthday 
 that such an American was produced 
 by our state and city, I say, let us ex- 
 press o ir sense of this great man we 
 honor in more than lip-service. If we 
 see around us 'men wearing their 
 chains in a cowardly and servile 
 spirit,' as he described the conserva- 
 tism of his day, let us as advocates 
 of peace, avow, as he did, that 'we 
 would much rather see them breaking 
 the head of the tyrant with their 
 chains,' whether the tyranny be em- 
 bodied in the benighted and belated 
 Negrophobia of the south, or in the 
 bossism of northern municipal corrup- 
 tion, or in the monopolies of capital- 
 ized privilege by grace of bought leg- 
 islation, or in the zeal of religious 
 darkness and bigotry. The only way 
 to estimate the true greatness of Gar- 
 rison is to reflect that the opportunity 
 for his career is never wanting, never 
 has been, and, till the millennium, 
 never will be, and yet his triumph re- 
 mains unique — unparalleled in start- 
 ing as small as was Garrison's begin- 
 
 ning and ending as stupendous — with 
 the whole of the material and moral 
 and financial resources of the nation 
 practically arrayed under his stand- 
 ard against his selected object of de- 
 struction. The elements of his ])rob- 
 lem are never absent. These ele- 
 ments are entrenched wrong, the vest- 
 ed interests which thrive upon it, the 
 cold-blooded indifference of those 
 whose withers are unwnmg, the timid- 
 ity and selfishness of all who dread 
 disturbance of established order, the 
 f(>ar of ridicule for the un;)opular mi- 
 nority — the consr'quent inertia of the 
 mass, most terrible of all resistance 
 to overcome. But there is no use to 
 pursue the threadbare story now. The 
 thing for us to think of here today is 
 that the opportunity and the call for 
 martyrdom is the same today as then, 
 for you and me as for him. The ques- 
 tion up to us is, "Where is the hero 
 of the hour? Who are they that are 
 doing in our day the same sort of 
 pioneering, with the same sacrifices 
 and stripes, that Garrison did? Let 
 us beware, as we join in the execra- 
 tion of some agitator who is called a 
 dangerous disturber, a low fellow to 
 be got rid of and silenced somehow, 
 lest we be running with a 'broadcloth 
 mob' again, and stoning a prophet un- 
 awares." 
 
 Mr. F. B. Sanborn of Concord, per- 
 sonal friend of Mr. Garrison, said: 
 Friends of Universal Liberty: 
 
 Standing on this platform, trodden 
 by five generations of Adamses and 
 Quincys, by Phillips, by Lafayette, 
 by Kossuth and by Garrison himself 
 many times, I find myself, as they did, 
 before an audience friendly to free- 
 dom. Not your freedom, merely, and 
 my freedom, not the freedom of Anglo- 
 Saxons and Irishmen and Frenchmen 
 and Hungarians alone, not apologists 
 for a miserable patchwork right of 
 self-government, spotted white here, 
 swarthy there, yellow in another 
 patch, according to the whim of some 
 self-styled "superior race," but advo- 
 cates of the reasonable liberty of all 
 races to govern themselves without 
 the "benevolent assimilation" extend- 
 ed by destructive warfare to the 
 swarttiy Boers of the Transvaal and 
 the brown allies of our armies in the 
 Filipino satrapy of our misguided Re- 
 public. But among the many life- 
 long services rendered to liberty by 
 the friend whose anniversary we com- 
 memorate, I shall speak only of one 
 
46 
 
 ONK lllNDkKDIll .\N.\I\KKSARV 
 
 line of his ceaseless activity, his ca- 
 i.H-r as journalist of freedom. 
 
 Carrison was neither for "Our couu- 
 trv risht or wrong." nor for the dear 
 i.Joijle. right or wrong. He was for 
 keeping the people right, and if they 
 went wrong, giving them to under- 
 stand where they were wrong; and 
 he had great skill in making himself 
 understood. (Laughter.) 
 
 Indeed he was well equipped for a 
 journalist. In the first place he had 
 learned to print, as our best journalists 
 have often done, from Ben Franklin 
 till now. and not seldom he "set up" 
 his anicles without writing them down 
 -a |)ractice that favors conciseness 
 ,ind point, just as the opposite habit 
 of diit iting to a stenographer favors 
 diflfuseness and lack of point. Then 
 he was an omnivorous reader, as most 
 .^ood writers have been, and could 
 ■ xpress himself with facility either 
 .11 i)ro.se or verse. Best of all, he had 
 ,, great cause to hold him to the point 
 and not suffer him to fritter himself 
 away in miscellaneous interests, as too 
 many good writers do. To be sure, 
 he allowed his zeal for righteousness, 
 which in New England is apt to take 
 ih«' form of self-righteousness, to lead 
 him into many specific reforms, akin 
 to anti-slavery by a sort of affinity, but 
 not of necessity connected with it.— 
 peace, temperance, non-resistance, land 
 reform, woman suffrage, anti-sectarian 
 religion. But this did not so much 
 vitiate his style as disaffect his own 
 friends. They objected, too. to his 
 harshness of language, in which he 
 shar<Ml the peculiarities of American 
 journalists of the decades from 1830 
 to is,"in. 
 
 He shared with Horace Greeley and 
 other contemporary journalists the er- 
 ror that strong epithets added to the 
 force of an argument, and might at- 
 ton<' f(jr possible defects in logic 
 His oppon"nts and Grecdey's had the 
 s.uiK* Ifba, and one of them. Colonel 
 \V<b!» of the New York Courier and 
 Kn(4uirer. said of the abolitionists of 
 1S:{6: 
 
 "They are a poor, miserable set of 
 drivelling dastards, who always run 
 Into lh<- shavings, like William Lloyd 
 Garrison, wh«n their own poor pates 
 uTi' In danger." 
 
 To be Hurf, Garrison li.id luforc this 
 f,TlIe<| Colon*! Wtbb "the cowardly 
 ruffian, who conducts the 'Courier and 
 Enquirer," and b,id siyliil niiMihir ( dl 
 t(ii ih<- miRcr.Thle li.ir and murderous 
 
 hypocrite of the New York Commer- 
 cial Advertiser." 
 
 And about the same time (1833) he 
 denounced Henry Clay, and other 
 southern advocates of Negro coloniza- 
 tion in these vehement terms: 
 
 "Ye crafty calculators! ye hard- 
 hearted, incorrigible sinners! ye 
 greedy and relentless robbers! ye con- 
 temners of justice and mercy! Ye 
 tren-.bling. pitiful, palefaced usurpers, 
 my soul spurns you with unspeakable 
 disgust. (Laughter). 
 
 In spite of this Old Testament dia- 
 lect of denunciation, which he never 
 qtiite unlearned, though he moderated 
 it sensibly in the later years of his 
 newspaper. Garrison made the "Liber- 
 ator" a model among weekly news- 
 papers in several respects, and it has 
 now become an invaluable historical 
 work for reference. He i)ractised 
 what he preached, and allowed his op- 
 ponents to speak of him in his own 
 paper as sharply as they chose. 
 
 His own articles were sometimes 
 open to the objection which he once 
 brought against those of his friend 
 and converter, Benjamin Lundy: 
 
 "His style of writing was brisk, sar- 
 castic, fearless, witty, vigorous — at 
 times rising to eloquence and sublim- 
 ity, but frequently careless and inele- 
 gant. Like almost every conductor of 
 a public press, he was comi)elled to 
 write his articles in haste, with little 
 or no time for revision." 
 
 Both as journalist and public speak- 
 er, however. Garrison was seldom un- 
 prepared, it was a natural result of 
 the strenuous and watchful life he led 
 for so many years that he was never 
 off his guard. His capacious memory, 
 his flow of language, his quickness ol 
 I)erception and analysis, made up for 
 any defect of logic he might have. In 
 reasoning indeed his premises were 
 few and his conclusions were fore- 
 ordained. 
 
 Garrison was so grounded in jus- 
 tice that his own vehemence could 
 seldom blind his eyes to the truth, 
 Ihoimli il niiL;lit lead him into a false 
 position. He had courage, veracity, 
 .iiul clearness of mind; he was free 
 from avarice, m(>anness, and excessive 
 ambition, and these are traits of a 
 good journalist. Like Greeley and 
 some other great journalists, he some- 
 limes allowed his i)ersonality to get 
 ill his s( might forward way; he had 
 iiel (lie modesty that makes the cause 
 everything, the person nothing. But 
 
BIRTH OF WILLIAM LL()\I) CAKKISoN 
 
 4 7 
 
 even this slight defect may have been 
 essential to the post he held so long 
 and so bravely. The captain who 
 heads a forlorn hope, the pilot who is 
 to weather the storm must not think 
 meanly of themselves. 
 
 Garrison, like Phillips and John 
 Brown, was fitted and weaponed for 
 the work assigned him. 
 
 Mr. Walter Allen, who had been 
 present, editor on the Boston Herald, 
 was unable to speak, and his letter 
 was read by Secretary Trotter. 
 
 Boston, Mass., Dec. 9, 1905. 
 William Trotter, Esq., 
 
 Secretary of the Boston Suffrage 
 league: 
 
 Dear Sir — When you personally 
 brought to me sometime ago an invi- 
 tation to be one of the speakers at the 
 Garrison centennial memorial meeting 
 in Faneuil Hall, in the afternoon 
 of Monday, Dec. 11, I promptly said 
 to you that the condition of my health 
 required me to decline making public 
 addresses. I desire now more formal- 
 ly to acknowledge the honorable cour- 
 tesy of the Boston Suffrage league, 
 and to express my regret that I am 
 prevented from undertaking a service 
 which it would be my joy and pride to 
 attempt, if it were prudent. 
 
 To be thus associated, even by an 
 humble performance, with the great 
 name and fame of William Lloyd Gar- 
 rison would gratify my sense of obli- 
 gation. When I was a boy I was a 
 reader of the Liberator, and a fre- 
 quent attendant at meetings of the 
 Abolitionists. I heard Mr. Garrison 
 speak on two or three occasions. He 
 had a share in forming my early opin- 
 ions, was, indeed, one of my educators 
 whose influence abides. If through a 
 long service as a writer for newspa- 
 pers, I have preserved, as I trust I 
 have, a sincere purpose to speak the 
 truth with courage in ail matters af- 
 fecting liberty and human rights, it is 
 due in large part to the example of his 
 absolute obedience to the heavenly vi- 
 sion. 
 
 The first words I heard from Garri- 
 son's lips, the opening sentences of an 
 address delivered at a meeting of the 
 Anti-slavery society in anniversary 
 week, about 185G, were, as my mem- 
 ory recalls them, these: "Some per- 
 sons say they are abolitionists, but 
 are not Garrisonian abolitionists. I 
 am a Garrisonian abolitionist and ex- 
 pect to be one as long as I live." 
 
 When our young David challenged 
 the Goliath of slavery, learned men, 
 pious men, men having a stakt- in the 
 country, cried out against his temer- 
 ity. He was mad; he was impious; 
 he was a traitor; he had a devil. Be- 
 sides, he was obscure, unschooled, 
 egotistical and dangerous. They did 
 not, and could not, apprehend the 
 compelling soul of the journeyman 
 printer. 
 
 Those blind judgments have had 
 abundant, echoing rehearsals in mis- 
 taken souls. Always there are those 
 who fancy they can give God lessons 
 in making history. Today wiseacres 
 tell us how the American conscience 
 — "drunk with cotton and the New 
 York Observer," as Phillips said: 
 would surely have destroyed slavery 
 if there had been no Garrison. They 
 demonstrate to their own contentment 
 that he was an obstacle to emancipa- 
 tion — as if the Almighty did not know 
 what he was about wnen he let the 
 Liberator be established. The useless 
 diversion of ex post facto reformers 
 is to invent gentler means of over- 
 throwing tyranny than the plagues of 
 Egypt, the dagger of Brutus, the de- 
 capitation of Charles, the American 
 Revolution, the French terror, the an- 
 ti-slavery agitation, and the Russian 
 strikes. Let us with saner modesty 
 accept the thing that is apparent — the 
 mountain which old earthquakes lift- 
 ed into the sky, the hero-prophet who 
 cried aloud for righteousness in a per- 
 verse and wicked generation, who 
 would not retreat and who would be 
 heard. 
 
 Garrison was the morning star, 
 forerunner of Lincoln, the glorious 
 sun of emancipation. Phillips said of 
 Lincoln tbat he went up to God with 
 four million broken shackles in his 
 hands. Honest Abe must have ac- 
 knowledged, what the Lord well 
 knew, that they were not his trophies 
 only, but Garrison's also. 
 
 Respectfully yours, 
 
 WALTER ALLEN. 
 
 Mr. Bradford, formerly a trustee of 
 Atlanta university said in part: It 
 was given to Garrison to bo in his day 
 and generation one of the chief in- 
 struments under God to abolish hu- 
 man slavery. It is given to us in our 
 day and generation to perfect the 
 work of emancipation by assuring to 
 the freedmen the fullest enjoyment of 
 the rights, privileges and responsibil- 
 ities of citizenship. It may not be 
 
4^ 
 
 ( ) N K 1 1 r M ) R K 1 ) r H A N M \ K RS A R V 
 
 given to any of us to be a Garrison, 
 but it is Riven to each of us to do. in 
 his humble way. the duty thai lies at 
 his hand with his courage, resolution 
 and unselfishness. 
 
 In looking to Garrison for inspira- 
 tion, we must look always to the man 
 rather than to his methods, we must 
 remember that his great influence 
 was due to the power of his person- 
 ality, rather than to any method em- 
 ployed. 
 
 If we would prove ourselves worthy 
 followers of Garrison, if we would 
 perfect the work he began we must 
 prove ourselves likewise fearless and 
 resolute self-sacrificing men of action. 
 As illustration of the sort of action 
 which in my judgment worthily ^-x- 
 presses the Garrison love of liber- 
 ty and makes for freedom, I want to 
 take up your time a moment by refer- 
 ring to one or two incidents familiar 
 to most of you. 
 
 Once a citizen of Boston was denied 
 by the school authorities the right 
 to send his children to a public school 
 to which he wished to send them. By 
 sheer force of a dogged determination 
 to have that which he believed was 
 his right under the law, he compelled 
 the school authorities to admit his 
 children lo the desired school. He 
 thereby not only served himself but 
 served the community by his example 
 of sturdy independent citizenship. 
 
 There fled to Massachusetts a fugi- 
 tive from the injustice of a southern 
 state. The Colored men of Massachu- 
 setts rallied in his defence and re- 
 sisted by every legal means in their 
 power his extradition. They failed in 
 tht'ir immediate object. The fugitive 
 was returned south, but the resolute 
 <ijno<'rted action on the part of the 
 Colored people of Massachusetts was 
 notice to the community at large that 
 I In- ('(dored men of Massachusetts 
 w<-r«' united in a steadfast purpose to 
 prottct the individual members of 
 th«'ir race from oppression and injus- 
 tice. 
 
 .\ii attempt was made in western 
 
 Massachusetts to establish separate 
 public schools for white and Colored 
 children. Again the Colored men of 
 Massachusetts, chiefly men of Boston 
 united to resist the attempt. This 
 time their action was successful. 
 
 Looking to other cities we find other 
 men of action striving mightly. Hart 
 of Washington, striking an effective 
 blow at the jim crow car law; Morris 
 of Chicago, scoring another against 
 the jim crow restaurant. While 
 more encouraging of all came, some 
 time back, word that the Colored citi- 
 zens of Jacksonville, men, women 
 and children, had banded together 
 and effectively boycotted the jim crow 
 cars of that city and that a similar 
 concerted movement was literally on 
 foot in two towns in Texas. With 
 such civic virtue, such sturdy spirit 
 of independence, there can be uo 
 question of the ultimate result. 
 
 Mr. Bradford closed by saying he 
 believed the customs of prejudice will 
 be forced from their places by the 
 new vigorous civic virtue that is or- 
 ganizing in our midst like the cling- 
 ing oak leaves are by the fresh leaf- 
 bud in spring. 
 
 The Crescent male Quartette, com- 
 posed of Messrs. C. A. E. Cuffee, Jas. 
 E. Lee, Wm. H. Richardson and Dr. 1. 
 L. Roberts sang well "Lead Kindly 
 Light." The Mendelssohn quartette, 
 composed of Mrs. Carrie Bland Sheler, 
 Mrs. J. Patterson Rollins, Mr. T. Wil- 
 cott Swan, Mrs. B. J. Ray, accompan- 
 ist, sang sweetly, "To Thee, O Coun- 
 try." 
 
 While the collection was beins tak- 
 en up, Mr. John W. Hutchinson sang 
 one of his anti-slavery songs. 
 
 At the close of the meeting, Mr. 
 Nathaniel Butler, an aged man, who 
 worked in the Liberator office, and 
 Mrs. Hudson, who was a fugitive 
 slave under the name of "Betsey 
 Blakely," were introduced to the audi- 
 ence. 
 
EVENING SESSION, 7.30 O'CLOCK 
 
 The closing session of tlie Citizens' 
 two days' celebration came at 7.30 
 Monday night at Faneuil Hall, and it 
 was a fitting climax to the other great 
 sessions, made so by the memorable 
 and inspired oration by Rev. Reverdy 
 C. Ransom and by an audience that 
 filled well nigh every crevice in the 
 great Fane*iil Hall. 
 
 It was preceded by a short parade 
 over the route over which the "Broad- 
 cloth" mob of 1835 dragged the body 
 of the great Abolitionist. Company L, 
 6th regiment, Massachusetts Volunteer 
 Militia, led by the Chief Marshal, 
 Capt. George W. Braxton came from 
 the armory through Scollay square, 
 followed by the Robert Gould Shaw 
 Veterans where members of Robert A. 
 Bell Post 134, members of the com- 
 mittee and other citizens, men, women 
 and children, fell in line and marched 
 down Court street, into State, into 
 Devonshire, to Faneuil Hall, Company 
 L presenting arms as the rest marched 
 into the hall amid great applause. 
 Company L then filed into the gal- 
 lery and took the front row of seats 
 i on the right side, being liberally ap- 
 plauded. 
 
 Meantime the large Commonwealth 
 
 Band, Mr. William A. Smith, leader, 
 
 composed of Colored musicians was 
 
 rendering a most excellent concert, 
 
 [ the pieces being: March, Fanfanie, 
 
 I Von Suppe; waltz, La Bacarolle, 
 
 ' Waldteufel; Overture, Lustspiel. Kela- 
 
 Bela; excerpts from "Woodland," Lud- 
 
 ers. 
 
 At 8 o'clock Mr. Joshua A. Craw- 
 , ford, chairman of the Centenary com- 
 mittee of the Boston Suffrage League, 
 j opened the meeting. After a fervent 
 i prayer by Rev. M. L. Harvey, pastor 
 t of the Morning Star Baptist church, he 
 i spoke in part as follows: 
 
 The name of Garrison has always 
 awakened in us the deepest feeling of 
 gratitude and affection. He labored 
 
 I to the end that we might enjoy the 
 privileges and freedom we esteem so 
 
 I highly today. 
 
 I His life makes one of those mar- 
 
 velous chapters in the hi:story of our 
 country that excites the wonder and 
 admiration of the civilized world. A 
 high priest in the cathedral of liljerty 
 and freedom, he raised the cross ol 
 a new crusade and bore it triumphant- 
 ly through opposing hosts to the 
 Mecca of equal rights and freedom to 
 all men. 
 
 To confirm the freedom his efforts 
 secured, to protect the citizenship they 
 conferred, to protest against every 
 wrong, to agitate for and demand all 
 of our rights wherever the flag of our 
 country flies, is our solemn duty and 
 dearest hope. 
 
 It has been our constant effort to 
 prove that he did not labor in vain. 
 We have been ever mindful of the 
 fact that we are in the midst of a 
 great moving, pushing, breathing civ- 
 ilization and we are moving on, push- 
 ing on and battling on with it, ask- 
 ing nothing but those rights and priv- 
 ileges that are freely given to all oth- 
 er loyal and patriotic sons and daugh- 
 ters of the Republic. 
 
 No other age, no other civilization, 
 no other people have placed so many 
 milestones along the turnpike of hu- 
 man progress in so short a while as 
 this, our own people. 
 
 We need not be discouraged. So long 
 as the men, women and children of 
 our race of all walks of life, as they 
 are represented in this effort, are will- 
 ing to lay aside all things to do hom- 
 age to the memory of one who did so 
 much for them, the time will yet come 
 when we may say in truth, that the 
 sun in his journey shines over no peo- 
 ple more free, more happy or more 
 prosperous than this our own people. 
 
 Rev. W. H. Scott, president of the 
 Boston Suffrage League was then in- 
 troduced. He said in part: 
 
 We are here today to honor a man 
 who has done much for mankind. 
 Wm. Lloyd Garrison was one of the 
 greatest "champions of freedom. He 
 knew no creed, race nor nationality, 
 but man. Garrison was a man destined 
 to be a leader among men; he was a 
 
5° 
 
 ONK lllXDRKlVrn AXXIVKRSARV 
 
 man who could not be bullied nor ca- 
 joled. We are more than glad that 
 the Garrisonian spirit has been re- 
 vived, in these days when northern 
 iilnions and southern rapersof thecon- 
 uiiuiion. are telling the Negroes to 
 vait and learn how to vote and when 
 (iu'V shall have become rich and mil- 
 lionaires, then, and not until then, 
 ihall they have the right to vote. Mr. 
 'Jarrison was a man who made no 
 compromises of surrendering man- 
 hood. They wanted him to let the 
 question of slavery alone; because he 
 had no right to disturb the conditions 
 which were accepted: that it was 
 mere foolishness that he could expect 
 to do anything for the slave, even the 
 scholarly anil learned Edward Everett 
 thought that Garrison and his follow- 
 ers ought to be suppressed by the 
 state and nation. But Garrison was 
 firm — 'i am in earnest. I will not 
 equivocate. I will not excuse. I will 
 not retreat a single inch. And I will 
 b(> heard." These words tell what the 
 man was. Others might have doubts 
 but Garrison never; others might say 
 it is i:npossible to overthrow that 
 which was intrenched in state and na- 
 tion. The thousands of spindles of 
 Lowell and Lawrence were fed by the 
 uiir< quited toil of the half-starved and 
 brutalized slave of the south. What 
 did the "Hroadcloth" mob care for 
 the cries and woes of the Negroes so 
 long as their pockets were being 
 filled with gold? They justified them- 
 selves by saying he is better off than 
 if he were in Africa. So does the 
 roblier say that the man or woman 
 whom hr' has robbed that he should 
 be ! la I thai he had escaped with his 
 life. .Mr. Garrison was too much for 
 the slave ol'.v'archy. He knew no mas- 
 ter !iit God. lie believed in the Fa- 
 therh(JOd of God and the brotherhood 
 of man. Ho heard the cry of Kossuth 
 for the Hungarian, the cry of the 
 starving Irishman, he heard the cry 
 wIk-m Grecc't' was pleading for her 
 riuhlK, i)e licard the cry when the 
 Quaker was heli)ing the poor Indian. 
 He loved man because man was God's 
 nobb'Kl creation. .Mr. Gjirrison start- 
 ed a paper .Ian. 1, ls:{l. which was to 
 voice the s«'ntiinenfs th. were to ul- 
 timately triumph over this monster. 
 Two years later he started the iitili- 
 Hlav.Ty society In Philadelphia. II.. 
 WHK the sun in this solar svstcm 
 
 around which all was to revolve. The 
 northern dough-faces trembled before 
 him just as Felix before Paul when 
 he "reasoned of righteousness, tem- 
 perance and judgment to come." 
 
 What a blessed day was the lOth 
 of Dec. 1S05. when it was announced 
 that a man-child was born. We hail 
 the day with thanksgiving and glad- 
 ness. Let the ten millions of Ne- 
 groes tell their children and their 
 children's chililren about the man and 
 the day. We hail him as the deliver- 
 er of the T'nited States of America, 
 both black and white, for every slave 
 had one while man chained to him. 
 Let all races, peoples and nations re- 
 joice with us for this man whom GoJ 
 has given to the world. 
 
 Rev. Scott declared the Boston Suf- 
 frage league was organized to secure 
 the ballot and would not disband un- 
 til Colored Americans could vote as 
 freely in Mississippi as in Massachu- 
 setts. (Applause.) 
 
 Chairman Scott then called upon the 
 secretary of the Boston Suffrage 
 League's committee, Wm. M. Trotter, 
 who read letters from Maj. Wesley J. 
 F^irlong, Mr. Louis A. Fisher, who 
 sang at Mr. Garrison's funeral, Rev. S. 
 M. Crothers, Geo. V. Leverett, Esq., 
 Maj. Chas. P. Bowditch, Mr. A. A. Esta- 
 brook, the Wendell Phillips Club. Wen- 
 dell Phillips Garrison, Joseph K. 
 Hayes, .Tr., and Secretary Loeb. reply- 
 ing to the invitation that was extend- 
 ed to President Roosevelt and regret- 
 ting on behalf of the President that of- 
 ficial business would make it impossi- 
 ble for him to attend, and from Gov. 
 Douglas. 
 
 Mme. Nellie Brown Mitchell, wife ol 
 Capt. Charles L. Mitchell, and one of 
 the singers at the funeral of Mr. Gar- 
 rison, sang Kipling's Recessional, ac- 
 companied on the piano by Miss Geor- 
 gine Glover, and res])onded to the en- 
 core demanded with "Face to Face" 
 most feelingly and sweetly rendered. 
 
 At this juncture, the venerable an- 
 ti-slavery singer, Mr. .John W. Hutch- 
 inson. entercMl with his wife and son 
 and was given an ovation that lasted 
 several minutes. 
 
 Next came the Centennial Ode, a 
 beautiful poem composed for the oc- 
 casion by Mr. W. S. Braithwaite, Bos- 
 ton's talented poet, and read by the 
 author. 
 
BIRTH OF \VII,1,1.\M l,l,()\l) CAKKISOX 
 
 SI 
 
 "THE LIBERATOR." 
 
 I. 
 
 'Twas nineteen hundred fateful years 
 
 ago 
 A slim young Syrian girl fulfilled the 
 
 Word, 
 And saw in dreams across the windless 
 
 snow 
 The years acclaim the Baby's voice she 
 
 heard. 
 The world enfranchised from the bond 
 
 of sin 
 In dear remembrance keeps a festival; 
 Wherever man may be in hut or hall 
 The spirit of this season enters in. 
 0, little Child, who smiled on Mary's 
 
 knee 
 Why do the Nations bow and worship 
 
 Thee? 
 The world is yet a place of wrongs and 
 
 woes — 
 And Faith and Doubt in conflict still 
 
 oppose. 
 0, questioning Time, Man's soul will 
 
 answer three: 
 Christ died to make men free! 
 
 II. 
 
 One hundred stirring years ago today 
 There grew the mystery of another birth. 
 God heard the supplicating bondmen 
 
 pray 
 And sent another saviour to the earth. 
 He grew a dreaming boy among his 
 
 hills 
 And wondered at the freedom Nature 
 
 gave 
 To; winds and clouds and the far echo- 
 ing wave; 
 But his heart sorrowed at his brother's 
 
 ills, 
 Whose souls of a diviner essence made 
 Was yet less free than soulless beast 
 
 or bird. 
 He saw a vision in his humble trade. 
 And his soul heard God spealc the 
 
 deathless word; 
 And all his thoughts and deeds became 
 A fiery flame 
 To burn the tyranny 
 And set men free! 
 The young republic from the wrecks 
 
 of war 
 Arose self-destined to i)rotect the 
 
 sovereign man. 
 "We stared afflxed as the bright polar 
 
 star 
 
 For human rights," the Constitu- 
 tion ran. 
 And far away across the surging seas 
 The suffering hordes of Europe 
 dreamed of peace 
 And set their visions westward, where 
 the States 
 Threw o'jen wide tlic portals of 
 their gates 
 And cried to all the world: "Come in, 
 come in. 
 Ye who are trodden by the feet of 
 kings, 
 Ye who are grievously taxed, but can- 
 not win 
 A voice in your own country's 
 councillings; 
 Come hither where your hire is your 
 
 tool. 
 Where no man's bond — where all 
 
 may reign and rule." 
 The old world listened at the strange 
 
 new song 
 Of freedom, beyond the sunset in the 
 
 sea — 
 While east and west the plying slav- 
 ers flee — 
 And only God and one man knew the 
 thing was wrong. 
 And so he strove with brave, indig- 
 nant speech: — 
 A John the Baptist in the wilderness. 
 He saw the ideal freedom out of 
 reach 
 Till twice two million slaves could 
 
 rise and bless 
 Their nation's flag. And so the con- 
 scienceless 
 Soul of his own country he sought 
 to sting 
 To a self-realization of its shame. 
 While the worst of Rome and Egypt 
 
 in its midst was flourishing. 
 He won a few disciples to his cause 
 Who iireached the fiery gospel of his 
 word — 
 Sublimely indifferent to the laws. 
 Until the indicted people stopped and 
 
 heard. 
 "What prophet is this come out ot 
 
 Galilee 
 To set a neople free 
 And make as sifting sands the foun- 
 dations of the free?" 
 So grew the angr>' cry 
 Of passions mounting high. 
 And they smote him for the truth 
 of their own iniquity. 
 
52 
 
 r)\K nrxDRi-ivni axxttkrsarv 
 
 III. 
 
 Vea. they mobbed him and deride J. 
 Called him traitor and a madma«a — 
 Yea, the State and Church decided 
 Him a radic;;! and bad man: 
 But he put his trust in God and saw 
 
 the riiiht, 
 And kept his great unswerving pur- 
 pose to the end. 
 The end:— \\Tien the will of God did 
 
 smite, 
 And set the house against itself to 
 
 succor and defend I 
 Kroiu the most northern hamlet up in 
 
 Maine 
 That lay among the w'oods, echoing 
 
 the calling sea, 
 And traveling like the sound of windy 
 
 rain 
 Southward where the Gulf winds 
 
 shake the Palmetto tree, 
 And westward to the golden fields oi 
 
 hope 
 Where some lone miner digs the allur- 
 ing slope 
 Arose the sounds of war. 
 The billowing armies rolling from afar 
 Of every corner of each Northern state 
 Went into battle to preserve the 
 
 Union's fate. 
 And so two years the thunder rolled 
 
 and broke, 
 And Lincoln's cause seemed lost, 
 Till our great hero's voice rose up and 
 
 spoke 
 Above the din of guns and sabres 
 
 crossed : 
 "Unyoke the bondmen if ye hope to 
 
 save 
 The Union from an ignoble grave." 
 
 IV. 
 
 The great Commander listened, and 
 
 the war becaiue 
 A crusarle in his name: 
 And Farragut and Grant and Sheridan, 
 And that white-souled, angel-boy 
 
 Uolif-rt Shaw 
 Will) led .such troops none ever led be- 
 
 fr)n'. 
 Went forth as his apostles to the van. 
 And fought (heir battles for the rights 
 
 of man, 
 And thereby .saved ihc Union. 
 \t la.Ht when df)wn beneath the horizon 
 Ihe blood-smoked clouds of battle rol- 
 led away. 
 And Grant bad clasped in peace the 
 
 hand of l>?e, 
 IJecauHP (iarrLson had dared to do and 
 
 .Kay 
 I'our million slaves stood free! 
 
 How shall we name him now, this 
 
 holiest man? 
 Whose memory we gather to revere? 
 Has ever unerring Nature in her plan 
 So wrought his likeness on this trou- 
 bled sphere? 
 One with Mazzlni, but of larger mould, 
 One with Garibaldi, yet more bold. 
 One with Cavour, without self-seeking 
 
 greed, 
 One with Kossuth, but wider in hii 
 
 creed, 
 One with Cromwell, yet more simply 
 
 wrought, 
 Franker in act and sublimer in thought 
 One with Kosciusko, but greater than 
 
 the Pole 
 Because he saw the Universal Race 
 
 within the soul. 
 One alone in perfect nature, heart and 
 
 soul apd mind. 
 He stands with Christ, the perfect lover 
 
 of Mankind. 
 
 Mr. Charles H. Taylor then read 
 with magnificent effect the salutatory 
 of The Liberator. This \vas followed 
 by a solo sung by Miss Genevieve Lee 
 with much chaim and expression and 
 the audience called insistently for an 
 encore, to which she responded with 
 a gracious bow, as the time was pass- 
 ing. The song was "Grass and Roses," 
 ]Miss Bertha Ba'mian on the piano 
 and Mr. A. Portuando on the violin. 
 
 Capt. Charles L. Mitchell, now 76 
 years old, who was a compositor on 
 Mr. Garrison's paper, the Liberator, 
 and wllio was an officer of the 5,5th 
 Mass. Regiment, stepped forward and 
 read the following address: 
 
 "The boon of a noble human life can- 
 not be appropriated by any single na- 
 tion or race. It is a part of the com- 
 monwealth of the world, — a treasure, 
 a guide and an inspiration." How ap- 
 projiriate is this aiihorism in its appli- 
 cation to the life and character of Wil- 
 liam T.,loyd Garrison! During the 
 years of his earthly activity, he left 
 an indelible impress for good in the 
 community in which he lived. His 
 kindness of heart, his sym])athetic na- 
 ture, his strong friendship, his mag- 
 netic j)orsonality, his quick i)erception, 
 bis untiring energy and his unselfish 
 devotion to duty will ever remain as a 
 treasure, a guide and an insiiiration. 
 
 In the activities of life it seiMued as 
 if he was animated by a single thought. 
 
BIRTH ()1<' WIIJJAM 1,1, ()\1) CAkklSON 
 
 5.^ 
 
 duty, and supplementing- this thought 
 by the energy of his activity, he threw 
 into the cause of anti-slavery all of 
 the moral and religious enthusiasm of 
 his heroic nature. 
 
 My acquaintance with Mr. Garrison 
 dates back to the year 1853, fifty-two 
 years ago, when I came to Boston from 
 Hartford, Conn., and applied to the 
 Liberator office, then located at 21 
 Cornhill, for a position as compositor. 
 During the time that I was employed 
 on the Liberator, I know of no one 
 whose friendship and esteem I vaJue 
 so highly as that of Mr. Garrison's. 
 He was always cheerful and hopeful 
 even in the darkest hours. His faith 
 in the goodness of his cause and in th« 
 overruling Providence of God was so 
 absolute that he was calm and cheerful 
 alike under clear or cloudy skies. 
 
 As a type setter, I found Mr. Gar- 
 rison one of the most rapid and cor- 
 rect compositors that I ever met, and 
 many of the editorials in the Liberator 
 were set up by him at the case without 
 having first been written out on paper. 
 Mr. Garrison's presence in the printing 
 office was like sunshine in a shady 
 place. The many annoyances almost 
 inevitable in a printing office never 
 disturbed his serenity. An excellent 
 printer ajad careful proof-reader, he 
 took great pride in the make-up and 
 typographical accuracy of the Libera- 
 tor, and often made-up and corrected 
 the forms with his own hands. On the 
 evening preceding publication day he 
 would frequently insist on the printers 
 going home whiie he remained until 
 a late hour to prepare the forms for 
 the press. In very many ways his 
 sweet and gracious spirit, and his 
 thoughtfulness for others, were maide 
 manifest, and thus it was that he en- 
 deared himself to all. 
 
 I am reminded that over twenty-six 
 yea,rs have passed since Mr. Garrison's 
 death, and that the following persons 
 served as pall-bearers at the funeral: 
 Wendell Phillips, Samuel Ma^y, Sam- 
 uel E. Sewell, Robert F. Wolcott, Theo- 
 dore T. Weld. Oliver Johnson, Lewis 
 Hayden and Charles L. Mitchell, of 
 whom I am the only survivor. The 
 closing exercises of the funeral took 
 place at the Forest Hills cemetery, 
 Wednesday, May 28th. It was a per- 
 fect spring afternoon. The air was 
 fragrant with budding blossoms, when 
 just as the sun was sinking in the 
 western horizon, reflecting back its 
 serene beatity upon the scene, seem- 
 ingly a parting benediction of Heaven's 
 
 approving smile nj'on the life work of 
 William Lloyd Garri.son, that the 
 pall bearers tenderly lowered all that 
 was mortal of tlie great anti-slavery 
 leader into the grave, whilst the quar- 
 tette rendered the beautiful selection, 
 with words commencing, "1 cannot al- 
 ways trace the way. Hut this I know 
 that God is Love." 
 
 At the close of Mr. Mitchell's ad- 
 dress the chairman said that like 
 Chairman DeMortie at the afternoon 
 session, following the old custom at 
 anti-slavery meetings, he would have 
 a collection lifted for the cause of 
 freedom, meanwhile the band played. 
 
 Then came the climax and the 
 sensation of the meeting, indeed 
 of the whole celebration, the ora- 
 tion by Rev. Reverdy C. Riinsom. 
 Of it the Boston Transcript said in its 
 news reports: "It was an address by 
 a Negro orator— a fitting close to the 
 two-day celebration of the William 
 Lloyd Garrison centenary — that stir- 
 red a crowded audience of Negro men 
 and women in Faneuil Hall last even- 
 ing as no white speaker has been able 
 to stir them throughout the whole se- 
 ries of Garrison addresses at previous 
 meetings yesterday and on Sunday. 
 They cheered, they shouted, they threw 
 their handkerchiefs and hats into the 
 air. They w'ere for a few minutes in 
 a tumult of enthusiasm and fervor, 
 and Rev. W. H. Scott, who was pre- 
 siding, had to call on the band to aid 
 him in restoring order. The speak- 
 er was Rev. Dr. Reverdy C. Ransom 
 of the Charles Street A. M. E. church. 
 Like the other speakers he had re- 
 viewed their escape from the oppres- 
 sion of the past, but he told them 
 frankly of the oppression of the pres- 
 ent, and aroused their fervor by his 
 own vehemence in pointing the way 
 out of it." 
 
 The applause was simply tremend- 
 ous, frequently compelling the speaker 
 +o pause for several minutes. At its 
 close the scene was indescribable. Wo- 
 men wept, men embraced each other. 
 Guests on the platform rushed upon 
 the orator with congratulations, the 
 program was forgotten and only the 
 playing of the band restored order and 
 made it possible to proceed. Many 
 said no better oration had ever been 
 delivered in Faneuil Hall in its whole 
 history. 
 
 Rev. R. C. Ransom said in full: 
 
54 OXK HUXDKKDrilS AXXI V KRSARY 
 
 Tr-IE CLNTENNIAL OR ATiON— " WM, LLOYD GARRISON." 
 
 We have assembled here tonight to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the 
 birth of William Lloyd Garrison. Not far from this city he was born. With- 
 in the gates of this city, made famous by some of America's most famous 
 men, he spent more than two-thirds of his long and eventful career, enriching 
 Its historv and addine to tJi*» glory of .'ts '•enown. This place, of all places, is 
 In keeping with the hour. It is most appropriate that we should meet in Fan- 
 euil hall, the cradle of American liberty, a spot hallowed and made sacred by 
 the statesmen, soldiers, orators, scholars and reformers who have given ex- 
 pression to burning truths and found a hearing within these walls. Of all 
 people it is most fitting that the Negro Americans of Boston should be the 
 ones to take the lead in demonstrating to their fellow-citizens, and to the 
 world, that his high character is cherished with affection and the priceless 
 value of his unselfish labors in their behalf, shall forever be guarded as a sa- 
 cred trust. 
 
 Only succeeding generations and centuries can tell the carrying power ot 
 a man's life. Some men whose contemporaries thought their title to enduring 
 lame secure, have not been judged worthy in a later time to have their names 
 recorded among the makers of history. Some men are noted, some are dis- 
 tinguished, some are famous, only a few are great. 
 
 The men whose deeds are born to live in history do not appear more than 
 once or twice in a century. Of the millions of men who toil and strive, the 
 number is not large, whose perceptible influence reaches lieyond the 
 generation in which they lived. It does not take long to call the roll of honor 
 of any generation, and when this roll is put to the test of the unprejudiced 
 scrutiny of a century, only a very small and select conipauy have sufficient 
 C4irrying j)ower to reach into a second century. When the roll of the centur- 
 ies is called, we may mention almost in a single breath, the names which be- 
 long to the ages. Abraham and Moses stand out clearly against the hori/.on 
 f)f thirty centuries. St. Paul from his Roman prison, in the days of the Caesars, 
 i."- still an articulate and aiitlioritative voice. Savonarola rising from the ashes 
 of his funeral pyre in tlic streets of Florence still pleads for civic riiihteous- 
 ne.sK; the sound of .M;irtin l.nther's hammer nailing his thesis to the door of 
 niH Wlttenburg church, continues to echo around the world; the battle cry of 
 Croniweirs Ironsides shouting, "The Lord of Hosts!" still causes the tyraui. 
 and the despot to tremble upon his throne; out of the fire and blood of the 
 French Hevolution. "Liberty and Equality" survive; Abraham Lincoln comes 
 from the backwoods oi Kentucky and the prairies of Illinois, to receive the ap- 
 l»roval of all succeeding generations of mankind for his Proclamation of 
 Kmanclpullon; John Hrown was hung at Harper's Ferry that his soul might 
 
BIKI'II Ol'' WIIJJAM I,l,()\l) CAkklSON 55 
 
 go marching on in the tread of everj'^ northern regiment that lought for the 
 "Union forever;" William Lloyd Garrison, mobbed in the streets of Bostou for 
 pleading the cause of the slave, lived to sec freedom triumph, and tonight, a 
 century after his birth, his name is cherished, not only in America, but around 
 the w^orld, w^herever men aspire to individual liberty and personal freedom. 
 
 William Lloyd Garrison was in earnest. He neither temporized nor com- 
 promised with the enemies of human freedom. He gave up all those comloris, 
 honors and rewards which his unusual talents would easily have won for him, 
 in behalf of the cause of freedom which he espoused. He stood for rigliteous- 
 aess with all the rugged strength of a prophet. Like some Elijah of the Gil- 
 ead Forests, he pleaded with this nation to turn away from the false gods it had 
 enshrined upon the altars of human liberty. Like some John Baptist crying 
 m the wilderness, he called upon this nation to repent of its sin of human 
 Slavery, and to bring forth the fruits of its repentance in immediate emancipa- 
 tion. 
 
 William Lloyd Garrison was born in Newburyport, Mass.. Dec. 10, Ibuo 
 He came of very poor and obscure parentage. His lather, who was a sea- 
 faring man, early abandoned the family for causes supposed to relate to M» 
 intemperance. The whole career of Garrisor was a struggle against poverty. 
 His educational advantages were limited. He became a printer's apprentice 
 when quite a lad, which trade he learned. When he launched his paper, "Tho 
 Liberator," which was to deal such destructive blows to slavery, the type wasi 
 set by his own hands. The motto of the "Liberator" was "Our country is tho 
 world, our countrymen mankind." 
 
 Garrison did not worship the golden calf. His course could not b(i 
 changed, nor his opinions influenced by threats of violence or the bribe of 
 gold. Money could not persuade him to open his mouth against the truth, or 
 buy his silence from tincoiapromising denunciation of the wrong. He put 
 manhood above money, humanity above race, the justice of God above the jus- 
 tices of the supreme court, and conscience above the constitution. Because 
 he took his stand upon New Testament righteousness as taught by Christ, he 
 was regarded as a fanatic in a Christian land. When he declared that "he 
 determined at every hazard to lift up a standard of emancipation in the eyes 
 of the nation, within sight of Bunker Hill and in the birthplace of liberty," he 
 was regarded as a public enemy, in a nation conceived in liberty and dedi- 
 cated to freedom. 
 
 Garrison drew his arguments from the Bible and the Declaration of Inde 
 pendence, only to be jeered as a wild enthusiast. He would not retreat a sin- 
 gle inch from the straight path of liberty and justice. He refused to purchase 
 peace at the price of freedom. He would not drift with the current of the pub- 
 lic opinion of his day. His course was up stream; his battle against the tiue 
 He undertook to create a right public sentiment on the question of freedom, a 
 
56 ttM- IirXnRKD'l'H ANN I VKRSARV 
 
 task as grpat as it was ditticult. Garrison thundered warnings to arouse the 
 public conscience, before the lightnings of his righteous wrath and the shafts 
 of his invinc-ible logic wounded the defenders of slavery in all the vulnerable 
 Joints of their armor. He declared: "Let southern oppressors tremble — let 
 their secret abettors tremble; let their northern apologists tremble; let all the 
 enemies of the persecuted blacks tremble." For such utterances as these his 
 name throughout the nation became one of obloquy and reproach. 
 
 He was not bound to the slave by the ties of race, but by the bond of 
 common humanity wnich he considered a stronger tie. In his struggle lor 
 freedom there was no hope of personal gain; he deliberately chose the path- 
 way of poverty and financial loss. There was set before his eyes no prospect 
 of honor, no pathways leading to promotion, no voice of popular approval, 
 save tliat of his conscience and his Gou. His friends and neighbors looked up- 
 on him as one who brought a stigma upon the fair name of the city in which 
 be lived. The business interests regarded him as an influence which dis- 
 turbed and injured the relations of commerce and of trade; the church op- 
 posed him; the press denounced him; the state regarded him as an enemy of 
 thi- established order; the North repudiated him; the South burned him in ef- 
 tlgy. Yet almost single-handed and alone. Garrison continued to hght on. de- 
 claring that "his reliance for the deliverance of the oppressed universally is 
 upon the nature of man. the inherent wrongfulness of oppression, the power 
 of truth, and the omnipotence of God." After the greatest civil war that ever 
 Immersed a nation in a baptism of blood and tears. Garrison, unlike most re- 
 formers, lived to see the triumph of the cause for which he fought and every 
 slave, not only acknowledged as a tree man, out clothed with the dignity and 
 powers of American citizenship. William Lloyd Garrison has passed from us, 
 but tiie monumental character of his work and the intluence of his life shall 
 never perish. While there are wrongs to be righted; despots to be attacked; 
 oppressors to be overthrown; peace to find and advocate, and freedom a 
 voice, the name of William Lloyd Garrison will live. 
 
 Tliose who would honor Garrison and perpetuate his memory and his 
 fame, must meet the problems that confront them with the same courage and 
 tn till- same uuconiproniising spirit that Garrison met the burning questions ■>t 
 the day. Tlmsi.' who would honor Garrison in one brcatli, while compromising 
 our manhood and ailvocating the surrender of our political rights in another, 
 not (inly dishonor his memory, not only trample the Hag of our country wltn 
 vl":' r.' Mid nniioly f( ct, but they spit nixm tiie grave which holds the sacrefi 
 duHt of this chleft'sl of the apostles of freedom. 
 
 The HtaiiiH of the Nepro in this country was not settled by emancipation; 
 th'' ir.lh amr-ndiufnt to the constitution which it was confidently beiieved 
 woulil fioihc him forever with jjolilical inlhicnce and power, is more bitterly 
 nppoKod today than it was a (luartcr of a ctniury ago. The place which the 
 
BIRTH Ol' WILLIAM i,I,()\l) (iARKISON 57 
 
 Negro is to occupy is still a vital and Ijurmng quesuuu. The newspaper press 
 and magazines are full of it; literature veils its discussion of tlie theme under 
 the guise of romance; political campaigns are waged with this question as a 
 paramount issue; it is written into the national platform of great political par- 
 ties: it tinges legislation; it has invaded the domain of dramatic art, until to- 
 day, it is enacted upon the stage; philanthropy, scholarship and religion are, 
 each from their point of view, more industriously engaged in its solution than 
 they have been in any previous generation. If the life and labors of Garrison 
 and the illustrious men and women who stood with him, have a message for 
 the present, we should seek to interpret its meaning and lay the lesson to 
 heart. 
 
 The scenes have shifted, but the stage is the same; the leading characters 
 have not changed. We still have with us powerful influences trying to keep 
 the Negro down by unjust and humiliating legislation and degrading treat- 
 ment; while on the other hand, the Negro and his friends are still contending 
 for the same privileges and opportunities that are freely accorded to other cit- 
 izens whose skins do not happen to be black. We, of this nation, are slow to 
 learn the lessons taught by history; the passions which feed on prejudice and 
 tyranny can neither be mollified nor checked by subjection, surrender or com- 
 promise. Self-appointed representatives of the Negro, his enemies and his 
 would-be friends are pointing to many diverse paths, each claiming that the 
 one he has marked for his feet is the proper one in whfich he should walk. 
 There is but one direction in which the Negro should steadfastly look and but 
 one path in which he should firmly plant his feet— that is toward the realiza- 
 tion of complete manhood and equality, and the full justice that belongs to an 
 American citizen clothed with all of his constitutional power 
 
 This is a crucial hour for the Negro American; men are seeking today to 
 fix his industrial, political and social status under freedom, as completely as 
 they did under slavery. As this nation continued unstable, so long as a rest 
 ed upon the foundation stones of slavery, so will it remain insecure as long 
 as one-eighth of its citizens can be openly shorn of political power, while 
 confessedly they are denied "life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness." We 
 have no animosity against the South or against southern people. We would 
 see the wounds left by the war of the rebellion healed; but %ve would have 
 them healed so effectually that they could not be trodden upon and made to 
 bleed afresh by inhuman barbarities and unjust legislation; we would nave 
 the wounds of this nation bound up by the hands of those who are friendly to 
 the patient, so that they might not remain a political running sore. We would 
 have the bitter memories of the war effaced, but they cannot fade while the 
 spirit of slavery walks before the nation in a new disguise. We. too. would 
 have a reunited country; but we would have the reunion to include not only 
 white men North and South, but a union so endearing, because so just, as to 
 
58 ONF. lirXDRK.DTTT ANNIVKRSARY 
 
 embrace all of our t'ellow-couutrymen regardless of sectiou or of race. 
 President Roosevelt iu one of his addresses to tHe Colored people, while 
 cm his recent southern tour, has advised us that instead of agitating for our 
 rights, we should apply ourselves to the fulfilment of our duties. This is no 
 uew doctrine: it was taught by Jesus Christ who never once discussed the doc- 
 trine of human rights. Christ spoke of duties. Joseph Mazzini. tna 
 great Italian patriot, taught his fellow-countrymen that the way to secure their 
 liberation was through the fulfilment of their duties. By the fulfilment of 
 duty, Mazzini meant something quite different from what President Roosevelt 
 seems lu nave had in mind. He taught that it was not simply a man's right 
 to be free, but that it was his duty, because God had created him to enjoy tree- 
 dom. and therefore, he would make himself an instrument of thwarting the 
 ends of his Creator if he permitted without resistence his freedom to be taken 
 awa> 
 
 It is not a man's right, it is his duty to support and defend his family and 
 his home; he should therefore resist any influence exerted to prevent him 
 from maintaining them in comfort; while he should oppose with his life the 
 Invader or despoiler of his home. God had created man with a mind capable 
 of infinite development and growth; it is not, therefore, a man's right, it is 
 his duty to improve his mind and to educate his children; he should not there- 
 tore, submit to conditions which would compel them to grow up in ignorance. 
 Man belongs to society; it is his duty to make his personal contribution of the 
 best that is within him to the common good; he can do this only as he is giv- 
 en opportunity to freely associate with his fellowman. He should, therefore. 
 seek to overthrow the artificial social barriers which would intervene to sep- 
 arate him from realizing the highest and best there is within him by freedom 
 of association. It is a mans duty to be loyal to his country and his flag, but 
 when his country becomes a lanu of oppression and his flag an emblem of in 
 justice and wrong, it becomes as much his duty to attack the enemies within 
 the nation as to resist the foreign invader. Tyrants and tyranny everywnere 
 should tje attacked and overthrown. 
 
 This is a period of transition in the relations of the Negro to this nation. 
 The question which America is trying to answer, and which it must soon def- 
 initely settle is this: What kind of Negroes ao the American people want? 
 Thai they must have the Negro in some relation is no longer a quesiion 01 
 serious debate. The Negro is here 10,000,000 strong, and for weal or woe, he 
 Ih here to stay — he Is here to remain forever. In the government he is a po- 
 litical factor; Ii. «-viucation and in wealth he is leaping forward with giant 
 strides; he counts his taxable property by the millions, his educated men and 
 women by the scores of thousands; in the laouth he is the backbone of indus- 
 try; m every phase of Amerlciin life his presence may be noted; he is also as 
 tnoroughly imbin-d with American priiuii)les and ideals as any class or people 
 
BIRTH ()!• WILLIAM I.LOND CAKKISON 
 
 59 
 
 Deneath our flag. When Garrisou started his fight lor freedom, it was tne 
 prevailing sentiment that the Negro could have no place in tins country save 
 that of a slave, but he has proven nimself to be more valuable as a true man 
 than as a slave. What kind of Negroes do the American people want'.' Do 
 they want a voteless Negro in a republic founded upon universal sutTrage? 
 Do they want a Negro who shall not be permitted to participate in the govern- 
 ment which he must support with his treasure and defend witii iiis blood? Do 
 ihey want a Negro who shall consent to be set apart as forming a distinct in- 
 dustrial class, permitted to rise no higher than the level of surfs or peasants? 
 Do they want a Negro who shall accept an interior social position, not as a 
 degradation, but as the just operation of the laws of caste based upon color? 
 Do they want a Negro who will avoid frirtion between tne races by conheiiMne 
 lo occupy the place to which white men may choose to assign him? What 
 Ivind of a Negro do the American people want? Do they want a Negro who 
 will accept the doctrine, that however high he may rise in the scale of char- 
 acter, wealth and education, he may never hope to associate as an equal with 
 white men? Do white men believe that 10,000,000 blacks, after having im- 
 bibed the spirit of American institutions, and having exercised the rights of 
 free men for more tnan a generation, will ever accept a place of permanent 
 inferiority in the republic? Taught by the Declaration of Independence, sus- 
 tained by the constitution of the United States, enlightened by the education 
 of our schools, this nation can no more resist the advancing tread of the hosts 
 of the oncoming blacks, than it can bind the stars or halt the resistless mo- 
 tion of the tide 
 
 The answer which the American people may give to the question pro- 
 posed cannot be final. There is another question of greater importance which 
 must be answered by the Negro, and by the Negro alone. What kind of an 
 American does the Negro intend to be? The answer to this question he must 
 seek and find in every field of human activity and endeavor. First, he must 
 answer it by negation. He does not intend to be an alien in the land of his 
 birth nor an outcast in the home of his fathers. He will not consent to hik 
 elimination as a political factor; he will refuse to camp forever on the borders 
 of the industrial world: as an American he will consider that his destiny is 
 united by indissoluble bonds with the destiny of America forever: he will strive 
 less to be a great Negro in this republic and more to be an influential and use- 
 ful American. As Intelligence is one of the chief safeguards of the repudic. 
 he will educate his children. Knowing that a people cannot perish whose mor 
 als are above reproach, he will ally himself on the side of the forces of right 
 eousness; having been the object of injustice and wrong, he will be the foe ol 
 anarchy and the advocate of the supremacy of law. As an American citizen, 
 he will allow no man to protest his title, either at home or abroad. He wih 
 insist more and more, not only upon voting, but upon being voted for to oc- 
 
6o OXK IllNDKKhril AN N 1 V KRSA RV 
 
 cupy anj' position witliiu the gilt of the nation. As an American whose title 
 to citizenship is without a blemish or flaw, he will resist without compromise 
 every law upon the statute bool\s, which is aimed at his degradation as a hu- 
 uian being and humiliation as a citizen. He will be no less ambitious and as- 
 piring than his fellow-countrymen; he will assert himself, not as a Negro, but 
 as a man; he will beat no retreat in tJie face of his enemies and opposers; his 
 gifted sons and daughters, children of genius who may be born to him, will 
 make their contribution to the progress of humanity on these shores, accept- 
 ing nothing but the honors and rewards that belong to merit. What Ivind of 
 an American does I'ae is'egro intend to be? He intends to be an American who 
 will never mar the image of God, reproach the dignity ot his manhood, or tar- 
 nish the fair title of his citizenship, by apologizing to men or angels for asso- 
 ciating as an equal, with some other American who do'^s not happen to be 
 Dlack. He will place the love of country above tlie love of race; he will con- 
 sider no task too difficult, no sacrifice too great, in his effort to emancipate his 
 country from the unChristlike feelings of race hatred and the American bond- 
 age of prejudice. There is nothing that injustice so much respects, that Amer- 
 icans so much admire, and the world so much applauds, as a man who stands 
 erect like a man. has the courage to speak in the tones of a man. and to fear- 
 lessly act a man's part. 
 
 There are two views of the Negro question now at last clearly defineu. 
 One is that the Negro should stoop to conquer: that he should accept in si- 
 lence the denial of his political rights; that he should not brave 
 the displeasure of white men by protesting "'hen he is segregated In 
 humiliating ways upon the public carriers and in places ot pub- 
 lic entertainment; that he may educate his children, buy laud 
 and save money; but he must not insist upon his children tak- 
 ing their place in the body politic to which their character and intelligence en- 
 title them; he must not insist on ruling the land which he owns or farms; he 
 must have no voice as to how the money he has accumulated is to be expended 
 (hrouuh taxation and the various forms of public improvement. There are 
 others who believe that the Negro owes this nation no apology for his pres- 
 ence in the United States; that being black he is still no less a man; that he 
 should not yield one syllable of his title to American citizenship; that he 
 should refuse to be assigned to an inferior plane by his fellow-countrymen; 
 iDougn loes conspire against him and powerful friends desert him, he should 
 refuse to abdicate his sovereignty as a citizen, and to lay down his honor as a 
 man. (Wild applause, cries of "Ransom, Ransom." eiieerlng.) 
 
 ff Americans become surfeited with wraith, haughty with the boasting 
 pruip oi race superiority, morally corni])! in the high places of honor and of 
 trust, enervated through the pursuit of pleasure, or the political bondmen of 
 8(.ri)f stronu man plotting to seize the reins of power, the Negro American will i 
 
BIRTH OF WILLIAM LLOND CARRISO.X 6. 
 
 continue his steadfast devotion to the flag, and the unyieldiiiK assertion of his 
 constitutional rights, that "this government of the people, tor the pef)pl.- and 
 by the people, may not perish from the earth." 
 
 It is so marvelous as to be like a miracle of God, to behold the transform- 
 ation that has taken place in the position of the Negro in 'liis land since Wil- 
 liam Lloyd Garrison first saw the light a century ago. When the Negro liaU 
 no voice, Garrison pleaded his cause; tonight the descendants of the slave stand 
 in Faneuil hall, while from ocean to ocean, every foot of American soil is ded- 
 icated to freedom. The Negro American has found his voice; he is able to 
 speak for himself; he stands upon this famous platform here and thinks it no 
 presumption to declare that he seeks nothing more, and will be satisfied with 
 nothing less than the full measure of American citizenshi. 
 
 I feel inspired tonight. The spirits of the champions of freedom hover 
 near. High above the stars, Lincoln and Garrison, Sumner and Phillips, Doug- 
 lass and Lovejoy, look down to behold their prayers answered, their labors re- 
 warded, and their prophecies fulfilled. They were patriots; the true saviours 
 of a nation that esteemed them not. They have left us a priceless heritage. 
 Is there to be found among us now one who would so dishonor the memory of 
 these sainted dead; one so lost to love of country and loyalty to his race, as 
 to offer to sell our birthright for a mess of pottage? When we were slaves, 
 Garrison labored to make us free; when our manhood was denied, he pro- 
 claimed it. Shall we in the day of freedom be less loyal to our country and 
 true to ourselves than were the friends who stood for us in our night of woe? 
 Many victories have been won for us; there are still greater victories we must 
 win for ourselves. The proclamation of freedom and the bestowal of citizen- 
 ship were not the ultimate goal we started cut to reach, they were but the be- 
 ginnings of progress. We, of this generation, must so act our part that a cen- 
 tury hence, our children and our children's children may honor our memory 
 and be inspired to press on as they receive from us untarnished the banner of 
 freedom, of manhood and of equality among men. 
 
 The Negro went aboard the ship of state when she was first launched up- 
 on the uncertain waters of our national existence. He booked as a through 
 passenger until she should reach "the utmost sea-mark of her farthest sail." 
 When those in command treated him with injustice and brutality, he did not 
 mutiny or rebel; when placed before the mast as a lookout, he did not fall 
 asleep at his post. He has helped to keep her from being wrecked upon the 
 rocks of treachery; he has imperiled his life by standing manfully to his task 
 while she outrode the fury of of a threatening sea; when the pirate crafi ol 
 rebellion bore down upon her and sought to place the black fiag of disunion at 
 her masthead, he was one of the first to respond when the captain called all 
 hands up on deck. If the enemies of liberty sliould ever again attempt to 
 wreck our ship of state, the Negro American will stand by the guns; he will 
 
62 
 
 ( ) X K I H M ) K 1-: I > r J i AN N 1 \' K RSA R V 
 
 not desert her when she is sinking, but with the principles of the Declaration 
 of Independence nailed to the masthead, with the Hag afloat, he would prefer 
 ather to perish with her than to be numbered among those who deserted her 
 when assailed by an overwhelming foe. If she weathers the storms that beat 
 upon her, outsails the enemies that pursue her, avoids the rocks that threaten 
 her. and anchors at last in the port of her desired haven, black Americans and 
 white Americans locked together in brotherly embrace, will pledge each other 
 to remain aboard forever on terms of equality, because they shall have learned 
 l)y experience that neither one of them can be saved, except they thus abide in 
 the ship. 
 
 For the present our strivings are not in vain. The injustice that leans 
 ipon the arm of oppression for support must fall; truth perverted or sup- 
 pressed gains in momeatum while it waits; generations may perish, but hu- 
 manity will survive; out of the present conflict of opinion and the differences 
 of race and color that divide, once the tides of immigration have ceased to How 
 to our shores, this nation will evolve a people who shall be one in purpose, one 
 In spirit, one in destiny — a composite American by the co-mingling of blood. 
 
 When the applause following the 
 oration had subsided, Comi);iny L filed 
 down from the gallery and marched 
 out through the center aisle with the 
 band playing and the audience ap- 
 plauding. 
 
 Mrs. Olivia Ward Bush then read the 
 Emancipation Proclamation and the 
 \'Mh Amendment, as showing the end 
 of the Liberator's work, its publication 
 being ended at that time. 
 
 After this Mr. Edward Everett 
 Brown mide an impassioned short ad- 
 dress. He paid in part: 
 
 Mr. President and Fellow Citizens: 
 It is fitting that we should assemble in 
 historic Faneuil Hall, where the great 
 battles of our race and humanity have 
 been fought, to pay our tribute of love 
 and respect to the sainted memory of 
 that grand, fearless imconipromising 
 defenfier and champion of the rights 
 of nnn. justice and equality, William 
 Lloyd riarrisoii. 
 
 No man who truly loves his race 
 and is interested in its higliest so- 
 cial, commercial, political, intellectual 
 anfl moral advancement, could fail to 
 rfH|><)nd to the call of duty in such a 
 sacri'd cause as wo have met tonight 
 fo honor and draw lessons of insjjjra- 
 •ion from his noble life and self-sac- 
 • ifl' ing character. 
 
 The Ni'virocs of America owe more 
 to (Ja.rri.'-dii than to any other m;in 
 who lived during that stormy period 
 that lri<'(| tiK'ti'.s souls. 
 
 He was hated, persecuted and mob- 
 bed for us, but his courage never failed 
 him, never for a moment did he lose 
 interest in the mighty cause of human 
 freedom and liberty for the poor, de- 
 s])ised black slave to whom he had 
 consecrated his life. 
 
 If it had not been for Garrison we 
 would probably have never had the 
 eloquent Phillips pleading our cause 
 at the great bar of public opinion. Be- 
 cause it was that disgraceful scene 
 witnessed by Phillips in Court street, 
 Boston in 1835, when Garrison was be- 
 ing dragged through the streets by 
 the Broadcloth mob that enlisted the 
 sympathy of Phillips and from that mo- 
 ment he became a convert to the anti- 
 slavery cause. 
 
 In spite of the sacrifices of blood and 
 treasure, caused by the great war of 
 the rebellion, the Negro citizens of 
 America are still the victims of unjust 
 persecution; race hatred and discrimi- 
 nation, disfranchised, robbed of the 
 ballot, that priceless heritage of Ameri- 
 can citizenship, denied the right of 
 trial by jury, shot down, lynched and 
 murdered without even the form of a 
 trial. 
 
 I believe that a sentiment will go 
 forth from this historic hall that will 
 arouse the seared hearts, and con- 
 sciences of the American people to give 
 the Negro fair play, justice, equal op- 
 portunity, equal rights under the sacred 
 constitution of our cnuntry. 
 
BIRTH OF WIM.IAM I,[.()\|) CAKRISON. 
 
 '^3 
 
 The chairman of the committee on 
 Resolutions, Mr. T. P.Taylor, called 
 upon Rev. J. W. Hill, secretary of the 
 committee on resolutions, to read 
 them, before doing' so narrating brief- 
 ly his experience in helping sa\e Wen- 
 dell Phillips from the mob at the 
 Smith Court Synagogue in 1860. 
 
 The Resolutions Adopted. 
 
 Whereas: — On this memoraljle 
 occasion we are filled with grati- 
 tude to God, who hath given us 
 a grand opportunity to unite 
 with a host of friends throughout the 
 country in the observance of the One 
 Hundredth Anniversary of the birth 
 of the Pioneer in the work of the 
 abolition of American slavery, William 
 Lloyd Garrison; and are glaid to re- 
 call to memory the history of one 
 who when a young man of twenty-four 
 years, thought deeply on the subject 
 of human oppression and decided that 
 the curse of American slavery should 
 be removed from the land. Mr. Garri- 
 son became inspired with a strong de- 
 sire and determination to lift his voice 
 and wield his pen in behalf of the 
 bondman, and with courage to go forth 
 almost single handed to demand for 
 the enslaved race, "Immediate and Un- 
 conditional Emancipation." With a 
 strong faith in the possibility of suc- 
 cess he began his life work fearing 
 neither opposition nor danger that 
 threatened him all the way. 
 
 We are reminded, a,s we reverently 
 tread the path over which the excited 
 mob dragged his body, that Mr. Garri- 
 son bore with calm fortitude the insult, 
 still believing that his cause was just, 
 and that eventually "right would tri- 
 umph over might." We will gladly re- 
 member that his love of country and 
 desire for Universal Freedom, led him 
 to place on the pages of the earliest 
 edition of the "Liberator," his motto: 
 "Our country is the world; our coun- 
 trymen are all mankind," and to be 
 known as a foe to every form of op- 
 pression. Therefore be it 
 
 Resolved: — That, as we renew 
 memories of the anti-slavery 
 struggle, we rejoice that to 
 our oppressed race as a grand re- 
 sult of the agitation the Day of Free- 
 dom dawned, the prison doors were 
 opened, the chains loosened and the 
 oppressed walked forth to freedom 
 forever on American soil. 
 
 Resolved: — That we gratefully record 
 anew appreciation of the labors of 
 William Llovd Garrison and the host 
 
 of earnest men and women who, with 
 their true friend and loiuh-r, worked 
 incessantly during the dark hours of 
 slavery and lived to hall with jov the 
 sending over the land the lOmancipa- 
 tion Proclamation giving freedom to 
 four millions of bondmen, who took 
 uj) the joyful news and shouted to all 
 around the welcome words, "We're 
 free, we're free." 
 
 Resolved:— That we will often bring 
 to the young people the memory of the 
 past, and lead them to trace the his- 
 tory of the Negro-American, and from 
 year to year record the wonderful pro- 
 gress made since the day that civil 
 and political opportunity was given 
 them. It shall be our aim to place in 
 every household a memento of this 
 occasion, bearing a likeness of Wil- 
 liam Lloyd Garrison, with many of 
 his sayings that shajl be remembered 
 by succeeding generations. 
 
 Resolved: — That we deem this a fit- 
 ting time to bring to the wives and 
 mothers of our country the beautiful 
 example of fidelity as seen in the life 
 of the sainted companion of Mr. Gar- 
 rison, who encouraged him in his work 
 and proved herself a true helpmate, 
 sending him in the midst of his dark- 
 est hours while Sheltered in the jail 
 from the fury of an angry mob, the 
 message "I know my husband will not 
 betray his principles," this too, when a 
 young wife and mother, surrounded 
 by a little family that missed the lov- 
 ing presence of a devoted husbajid and 
 father. 
 
 Resolved: — That we urge the 
 wives and mothers of our land 
 to impress on the minds of 
 the young people the lessons of moral 
 courage and adherence to good princi- 
 ples that shall prepare them for the 
 duties of life; making them to stand 
 for the Right at all times, and that we 
 consider it our duty to encourage them 
 in their efforts by our renewed deter- 
 mination to uplift the race with whom 
 we are identified. — until they shall 
 overcome all obstacles to success, and 
 enjoy the rights that belong to every 
 citizen of the United States. And 
 finally be it 
 
 Resolved: That we reconsecrate 
 ourselves to the great ideal of Free- 
 dom, for which Garrison suffered im- 
 prisonment and even risked his life 
 and reaffirm our belief in his method 
 of destroying evil by exposing its hide- 
 ous nature and denouncing its perpe- 
 trators, being as he was, "as harsh as 
 truth and as uncompromising as jus- 
 
<-'4 
 
 (^\K IHNDkKDI'HS ANNIVKRSARV 
 
 tice:" and, with millions of our fellows 
 m the new bondage of peonage and of 
 disfranchisement in the south, we 
 pledge ourselves to seek their freedom 
 through agitation, adopting as our 
 motto his words, "1 am in earnest; I 
 will not equivocate; I will not retreat 
 a single inch, and I will be heard." 
 
 Tlnii -Mr. William Lloyd Gairison, 
 .Ir.. a .uraiulson of the Abolitionist, 
 made a brief and witty speech which 
 delighted the audience, especially his 
 reference to William Lloyd, the 4th. 
 
 Mr. \Vm. Lloyd Garison. Jr., said in 
 part: — It would be presumptuous in 
 n\(^ to attempt to speak after the mag- 
 nificent and convincing oration of the 
 speaker of the evening. (Applause.) 
 
 This I do wish to say. All Garri- 
 sons love liberty. (Applause.) All 
 Garrisons are firmly convinced of the 
 certain advancement of the Colored 
 race in America to its high destiny. 
 (Applause I. To give an earnest of my 
 belief in my tradition I want to tell 
 you that I have taken care to perpet- 
 uate the name of the man whose 
 anniversary you celebrate tonight in 
 perhaps the surest way. That name 
 is now borne by my 4-year-old boy 
 (Laughter) who promises, judging 
 from his present activity to become 
 a greater agitator than even his 
 great grand sire. 
 
 At the conclusion of these re- 
 marks the ai)plause and mirth lasted 
 several minutes and did not subside 
 until, on request, Mrs. Garrison, the 
 mother of the baby, stood up and 
 was seen. 
 
 The great crowd had remained 
 though the hour was late. C. G. Mor- 
 gan had declined to speak on that ac- 
 count. Then came up a cry of "Hutch- 
 inson," which showed what the audi- 
 ence wanted. The venerable singer 
 was greeted with three rousing cheers. 
 He made a brief speech, saying in 
 part: 
 
 Tlil.s is a sacred place to me. It has 
 been since 1S12. when we .iolned with 
 the abolitionists in their errand con- 
 ventions In this place. Mr. Garrison 
 always had some nolice in his i)aper 
 wlwn wc were traveling over the coun- 
 try. I reniember that one time in St. 
 I.,ouiK the mayor, after one of our con- 
 certs Kuld. "You an' an abolitionist; 
 you have no buslnes.s here; get out of 
 the cHy. You will have no i)rotecti()n 
 here." and we h-ft In a hurry. We 
 went straight Into Chicago where we 
 were received with o;icn arms. I re- 
 
 member in New Haven some slave 
 sympathizers in the gallery hissed us. 
 My brother, Judson, rose deliberately 
 and said: "There are no snakes in Ire- 
 land, but there are some geese in 
 America." 
 
 He told of an incident in England 
 when the Hutchinsons went to Eng- 
 land with Frederick Douglass, and 
 when he sat with them at the table. 
 Then he sang "The Car Emancipa- 
 tion," which evoked much laughter, 
 being supported by his wife and son, 
 who .joined in the chorus. 
 
 The chairman of the committee ap- 
 pointed in the afternoon to see the 
 mayor reported that the wreath had 
 been restored. 
 
 Mr. Moses Newsome was then 
 asked by the chairman to speak, but 
 tlie hour being late, and the audience 
 anxious to get away, he desisted, and 
 Rev. Byron Gunner pronounced the 
 benediction, after wkich Secretary 
 Trotter brought Mrs. Hudson to the 
 front of the stage and explained she 
 was once a fugitive slave, and was 
 "presented" to Mr. Garrison at a Fan- 
 euil hall anti-slavery meeting 50 years 
 ago. 
 
 Thus ended the greatest meeting of 
 Colored people in Boston since the 
 Emancipation Proclamation and the 
 enactment of the 15th amendment, in 
 the opinion of tlie old resiednts, and 
 the greatest celebration Boston Col- 
 ored people ever had. 
 
 The members of the Columbia Glee 
 club who were present to sing were: 
 Chas. A. E. Cuffee. Geo. B. O'Brien, 
 John D. Allston, first tenors; J. E. 
 Lee, Chas. L. Wliite, Chas. Johnson, 
 J. B. Waters, second tenors: Wm. H. 
 Richardson, Edw. Rollins, J. Sherman 
 Jones, Julius B. Goddard, first basses; 
 Dr. I. L. Rol)erts, Wm. H. Hamilton, 
 J. R. McClenney, second basses: J. 
 R. McClenney, musical director; Wm. 
 H. Hamilton, manager. 
 
 The members of the Common- 
 wealth band which rendered Such ex- 
 cellent music are: Wm. A. Smith, lead- 
 er: J. H. Barkley, R. Birch, Chas. 
 Butcher, Joseph Bonner, D. W. Chest- 
 nut. G. L. Cei)has, Joseph De Lyons, 
 T. J. Hamilton. Wm. Howard. M. 
 Hayes, .). E. .lolinson, .John Lee, treas- 
 urer. Chas. aiiepi)ard. Dr. Scott, B. S. 
 \« uite, L)!ther White, secretary, J. M. 
 Grigsby, Chas. Thomas, John Cook, 
 L. T. B. Howard. Thos. Bovell. W. B. 
 Murrell, C. F. Chandler, C. H. Bark- 
 Uy, Jr.. Mr. Clay. 
 
The Citizens Committee of the Two 
 Hays Celebration 
 
 B« 
 
 The movement for a public observ- 
 ance of the Centenary of Wm. Lloyd 
 Garrison was first conceived and an- 
 nounced by the Boston Suffrage 
 League, at a meeting held in the rooms 
 of the Charles Sumner Republican 
 club, 634 Shawmut avenue, on Nov. 
 29, 1904, at which time a committee 
 was ap])ointed. This made the Bos- 
 ton movement the pioneer in the 
 country. Nothing was done, however, 
 till the next year, when at a meeting 
 of the league, Oct. 17, 1905, held at 
 the same place, a new committee of 
 twelve memliers was appointed by the 
 President, Rev. Wm. H. Scott, to ar- 
 range for a celebration and to seek 
 the co-operation of all the citizens 
 of Greater Boston. 
 
 The first meeting of the League's 
 Committee was held at the establish- 
 ment of Mr. J. A. Crawford, the chair- 
 man, 894 Tremont street, Oct. 2oth, 
 1905, and subsequent meetings were 
 held at the establishment of Mr. Chas. 
 A. Seales, 626A Shawmut avenue. The 
 first meeting of the Citizens Commit- 
 tee was held at Love and Charity 
 hall, 1042 Tremont street, Sunday, 
 Nov. 19, 1905, and was largely attend- 
 ed, the use of the hall being donated 
 by the Brothers and Sisters of Love 
 and Charity, through the intercession 
 of Mr. Walter Thomas. Sub-commit- 
 tees of the Citizens Committee were 
 appointed on Arrangements. Printing, 
 Reception, Finance, Decoration, Music, 
 Resolutions and Wreath. 
 
 Meetings and adjourned meetings of 
 these sub-committees were held in the 
 parlors of Mr. and Mrs. D. H. Miner. 
 31 Holyoke street; Mr. and Mrs. Rob- 
 ert Ransom, Ifi Holyoke street; Mrs. 
 Lucy Groves, 389 Northampton street; 
 Dr. and Mrs. S. J. Fewell, 92 West 
 Springfield street; Mr. and Mrs. Rob- 
 ert Lee. 367 Northampton street; 
 Capt. and Mrs. Charles L. Mitchell, 24 
 Sherman street, and Mrs. Arianna C. 
 Sparrow, 75 Camden street. 
 
 By invitation of the League's Com- 
 m'ttee, the session at St. Monica's 
 Home, 125 Highland street, Mr. Garri- 
 
 son's homestead, was taken charge of 
 by St. .Monicas Aid Sewing Circle and 
 St. Monica's Relief Association; the 
 session at the Smith Court Syna- 
 gogue (which i)lace was secured 
 thro\igh the kind intercession of Mr. 
 H. Crine of Brookline) by the Boston 
 Literary and Historical Association 
 and the St. Mark Musical and Literary 
 Union, and the morning session at Fan- 
 euil Hall by the Colored Veteran As- 
 sociations and Women's Clubs. The 
 meetings of this last committee were 
 held in the parlors of Commander and 
 Mrs. A. Ditiuus, 67 Phillips street, and 
 of Mrs. Hannah C. Smith, 371 North- 
 ami)ton street. 
 
 The members of the Citizens Com- 
 mittee by sub-committees were: 
 
 Committee of Arrangements 
 
 Mark It. DeMortie, Chaiinian. I'liilip 
 J. Allston. secretary, .1. K. Andrews. 
 Joseph Butler, Albert Brown. ("apt. 
 Geo. \V. Braxton. Wm. G. Butler. T. !■:. 
 Bowser. V.. 10. Brown. George Betts. T. K. 
 Bird. Stephen Brown. .1. W. Buchanan. S. 
 Boulware. Mrs. S. Bovilware. ^\■. A. I'.land. 
 Simon Ball. Miss B.eulah I'.utlcr. Mrs. Mary 
 Barnett. Henry BatchcldiM-. Mrs. IleurV 
 Batchelder. Marshal! Bridgett. .1. A. ( raw- 
 ford, F. K. Ghisholin, Mrs. Robt. Garter 
 T. S. Calvin. Kdw. Christian. K. M. Clary, 
 Mrs. I. H. Chapman. Ale.xander Gotten, 
 Wm. H. Dupree, Mrs. K. Davenport. James 
 Kpps, I>. A. Kichelburge. Catherine Kree 
 man, George C. Freeman, A. J. I'oye. Mrs. 
 A. J. Foye, Mr. Foye. Dr. Wm. H. (;ilbert. 
 Jesse Goode, W. O. Goodell, George S. Glov- 
 er. Wm. N. Goode. Kobt. Ilemmings. Wm. 
 H. Holden. I.. S. Hicks. W. V. Hare, W. A. 
 Hemmingway. Mrs. W. A. Heramingway. 
 M. F. Hamlin. Sam'l Jackson. "1". \' . .lones. 
 A. V. Jones. I'dmund K. Jones, A. \V. Jor- 
 dan, Mrs. Anni" Jenkins. Kugene A. Jack- 
 son. Mr. Jackson. A. I*, .tones. Henr.v Junes. 
 Mrs. Mary Johnson. Asa B. Kountze. Dr. 
 Henry I>ewls. W. .M. l.ash. Dr. W. C. I.ane, 
 I'eter" I.attimore. John 1». Ludkins, W. W. 
 Mercer, J. K. Martin, Mrs. .M. A. .McAdoo, 
 Sam'l Merchant. Guy Outlaw, Wm. I'egram. 
 (ieo. X. Kainey. Luke I-:. Heddick. Wni 
 Kilev. U. A. IJidley. .Mrs. Mary Selden. Uev 
 M A. X. Shaw. Wm. 11. Smith, .Miss .Marv 
 Richards, Rev. Wm. 11. Scott, Walter W. 
 Sampson, Mr. and Mrs. Stephens. Walter J. 
 Stephens, Henry Sport. Louis F. Smith. W. 
 C. Tucker. Mrs. Virginia Trotter. Henry A. 
 Turner, Allen Thompson, S. Tasco. Mrs. W. 
 n. Thomas. Miss R. F. Thompson. Sam'l 
 Washington. J. C. Westmoreland. J. H. 
 Walden. Milton Walker, X. B. Wentworth. 
 J. H. Wolfe, Lewis IL Williams, Mr. and 
 
60 
 
 OXK 111 XDKl'.D 111 \N\I\KKS.\k\' 
 
 Mrs. S. I'. Wllsiiu. J. S. liiiilty, Lniiis F. 
 IJalilwlu. .limit's \V. Cdiiutil. Jniues I'. .loliii 
 son. Franklin Furr. .Mrs. i". C. .Morgan. 
 TUouias M<iif;nn. W. .\. Klilianlson, Mrs. 
 IJ.iSftia Kotiinsi.ii. Mr. and .Mrs. S. William 
 son. »;.■... M. WriKlit. .Miss .\. I.. Antiicw s. 
 .I..si|iii l». Antriistint'. W. L. Itrown. .loscpli 
 r.ailfv. -Mrs. .1. W. Hrooks. Mrs. Sanintl 
 Itnsli. .Mrs. .lanii's K. I'.anks. .Miss ICsd'lla 
 Itanks. .Mrs. Ka.li.'l .1. Urown. .Mrs. K. 
 r..iiiki'r. C. .M. IJoniicau. .lames I». I'.rum- 
 m.-ll. .Mr. and .Mrs. Harry C. Curnisli. Mr. 
 and .Mrs. «'lia.s. U. fain. S. .1. Davis. Mrs. 
 rnnrini'v itozlfr. .Mr. and .Mrs. William 
 I'lisii-r. ".Mrs. Z. I!. Fonniain. .Mrs. I'.stlicr 
 I'anlUnt'r. Horace J. (iiay. .Mr. and Mis, 
 l.alKin ('. Hoiiscr. Mrs. .Iidui K. Kin;:. 
 .losi'idi S. Ki'iii|). .Mrs. Snsan 1,. Kt'iiip. .Mrs. 
 .Marv Kilif. Miss Willie Lewis. .Mrs. iMiniel 
 II. .Sliner. Mrs. I'inery T. .Morris. .Mrs. .Ma- 
 ri:i 1". .Mowl.ry. .Mrs. Fstlier I'ieree. William 
 I'arki-r. .Mrs. " .lernsha F. Ito.ss. Mrs. (J. I,. 
 i;ol>in.->.>ii. .Mrs. Alice \'. Scoit. Mrs. Luienia 
 Siallloii. \V. F. Svkes. .Mrs. Nellie A. Stitli. 
 I>r. It. W. Slierrod. .Mrs. Mary .1. Selby. 
 Mrs. .Inlia A. 'I'vnes. Mrs. Matilda Thomas. 
 .Mrs. i.. A Weston. 
 
 Corrmittee on Decoration. 
 Mrs. Katlierine Lee. C'liairman, S. 1). 
 Anderson. Jcdin Adams. Mrs. lOmily All- 
 ston. Fred'k I',. Allston. Ilenrv Anderson 
 r A. .\verett. W. II. Ileckptt. G. H. Book- 
 er. Mr. and Mrs. S. K. Bishop. T. 1". Cole- 
 man, Mrs. J. C. Chappelle. J. Cohen, Mrs. 
 K. Coursey. J. <). Ciedle. .Mrs. .^nnie Chase, 
 Mrs, iM'iimmond. .Mrs. W. II. Dupree. F, C. 
 I'lckerson, H. F. Dymond. Mrs. Marv lian- 
 drldpe. T. J. Kwlng. Mrs. L. L. Foy, Krnest 
 Feutado. Mr. and Mrs. L I'. Fern. .IalIle^^ 
 l-"ien« li. \\'. I'ilzKerald. Mrs. R. Fenney, 
 Mr. Farnam. (L K. Fitzgiles. (i. H. (ireeh, 
 .Mrs. M. Ciant. .L Guthrie. F. Gaston Hill, 
 .1. U. Hamm. Mrs. Mary Howard. l-:rnest 
 Holmes. i:rnest Hodges, J. T. Hardy, I'pter 
 llanscombe. .Mrs. A. C. Hawthorne. Annie 
 I'. Harris. Sjrt. Homer. Mrs. (has. H. Hall. 
 T.. N. Hl<ks. H. Henderson. Mr. and Mrs 
 W. L. Holly. I>. B. Harrell. Mrs. Hicks, 
 Georce W. Johnson. George W. .Johnson. I{ 
 .L Jones. J. S. Jenkins, .Mrs. Uachael John, 
 sen. .Monroe Johnson. Mr. and Mrs. W. A. 
 Johnston. Mrs. Joseph King. Warren King! 
 Mrs. Louise Kcnswil. A. B. Lattimore. Mrs. 
 Fannie Lonon, (Jeorge W. Lewis, W. F. 
 Lewis. H. IL Johnson, John I.,eary. Mrs. 
 Joseph Lee. Mrs. Marv Jackson," Harrv 
 I.'-wis. Mrs. L. Loma.x. ".Mrs. (J. H. Lvnch. 
 .Andrew 15. Lattimore, M. J. Morris. Alfred 
 Nfathlns. 1{. J. Morris. J. Monroe. Isaac Man 
 ue:, Mrs. F.. Marstellar, Mrs. G. C. Mavnard, 
 Henry Murray, Z. Moodv. W. IL Mclnllre. 
 H. .M. Murray. K. .S. Melvln, S. McKlnnev, 
 J I", .Nelson. W. G. Norrls, J. F. (CBrlen, 
 W S, Fatrlrk. Mrs. B. I'erkins, Mrs. Klch- 
 nrdson. J. I'eake, S. I'erkins. Mrs. Ivdith L 
 I'lle. .1. Uowlv, W. Uussell. NUss Sn 
 Rie K. Hayniond. W. IL Richardson, NIcho 
 Ins Rlione. Rr.Kwell Roles. Mr. Alias Skin 
 n-r. W. S. Sparrow. W. IL Siirrev. T. G 
 S.-hu.vler. Mth. J. Fills Shaw, John R 
 SuggM. Tliomas W. Swan, W. B. Smith. J. 
 I> Sheldln. L. SpotlHwood, J. Sanchez, V.. 
 Shnrp Walter Thomas, T. Thomas, Mr. 
 rind .MrH. A. B. Tavlor. W. W. lavlor. Mrs. 
 Fannie Taylor. B. Tlnslev. .Miss Susie I'pton, 
 .^frH. KIlznlM-th Wilson. "B. F. Washington, 
 «{. F.. WIInou. a. W. Wood. F. S. G. Wright, 
 A. J. While. W. Walklns, W. Walker. S. 
 '■, Wood. Wm. M. Wilkes. James H. West, 
 ^IlIcK Whlinev. W. IL Wilson. Harry I'. 
 WjUi.n. F. WhlttBker. .Mrs. Sarah Wright. 
 A. White. W. S. WllH<in, Alex Voung. John 
 AllNton. Kddle ArniHlead, .Mrs. Rosa II 
 
 n.uiicn. James (I. Havis. A. L. L'dwards. 
 i:iiiui F. Furey. Kicliaid .lones, Wm. J 
 LindNay. .Mrs. Fannie .Marable. G. B. Mc 
 Kcnzic. -Mrs. .Mary J. Mercer. W. S. I'rice 
 C. C. Felham, L. J. (juarles. I'. S. Sjiencer! 
 
 -Mrs. c; -gie Simmons. W. 11. I'. Thorn 
 
 Ion, .1. L. Wedger. T. J. Williams. 
 
 Resolutions Committse. 
 T. 1*. Taylor, chairman, J. W. Hill, sec- 
 retary, W. Allston. Fsq., .Mrs. Agnes Adams, 
 J. Henderson .-VlLsion. Mrs. Octavia J. Arm' 
 siead. William o. Armstrong, J. 11. Bryant, 
 Rohert W. Brown, .Montague Burley, i). \v 
 Bates. M. It. Browne, K. D. Blown, Dr 
 K. I'. Brown. .Miss Maria L. Baldwin, J. R. 
 Bourne. William (J. Butler. Gertrude Bakeri 
 .\iiliur Bodene. W. Stanley liraithwaite! 
 ihrisiopher Brainim. W. 11. Baliim. W. S. 
 t'arpenter. Oliver R. Crump, Robert F. 
 Coursey. David Crawford. Lee M. Carring 
 ton. Dr. W. A. Cox, Mrs. K. 10. Casneau. 
 W. Chapman. George I'. LJabney, C. S. 
 Di.Kon. Rev. .L II. Duckery. I'hilip L)own 
 ing. J. 11. Kdwards, Dr. S. C. Fuller, Leon- 
 ard Ford. J. Wesley Furlong. Dr. George 
 F. (Jrani. .M. Goolsliy. .Miss Kliza Gardner, 
 Horace (Iray, Jr., William B. (Jould. Sr 
 Fred J. Ileminings, J. C. Holmes, William 
 H, Hardy, Andrew C. Hall, Rev. Johnson 
 Hill, Mrs. Addie Jewell. W. Hall Jackson. 
 Rev. W. D. Johnson, Charles King, James 
 .\. Lew. John T. Morris, Charles Mainjoy 
 Lawrence C. Miller, D. IL Milligan, Gran- 
 ville .Martin, J. 11. MacKenzie, \. B. Mar- 
 shall. J. F. .McKenney, Emery T. Morris 
 C. (L Morgan. Moses Newsome. Williani 
 Pleasant. Mr. I'egiam. Flmer I'oyer. C. II 
 Fierce. Freeman A. I'erkins. Dr. T. W. Pat- 
 rick. Raymond L. Phillips. (J. w. italin, 
 William T. Ritchie. S. P. Randall. Clarence 
 Robinson. Henry Rurtin, Dr. II. W. Ross 
 Mrs. F. R. Ridley, S. R. Rhone, Rev. A. k! 
 Si)earman. Mr. Seco, Mrs. Hannah Smith, 
 M'ss Hattio Smith. Thomas C. Scottron' 
 J. B. Stokes. Rev. P. T. Staniford. Mrs. a' 
 Sparrow. A. H. Scales. Kdward Slater. Mrs. 
 Susie Kinff Ta.v.-ir. William Tarbv. Maude 
 Trotter. B. R. Wilson. Esq.. Rev. J. I!. 
 ^^ilev. William IL Wilson. Rev. David K. 
 Wallace. Beniamin Washington. W. •>, 
 West. Cant. William J. Williams. Mr. West, 
 Mrs. Jessie Weymnn 
 
 Committee on Finance. 
 
 Dr. S. J. Fewell. Chairman. C. R. Sheler. 
 Sccreiary. .Mrs. (leorgie Augustine. .lolin 
 Banks. J. A. Brown. C. S. Brown. Wm. A, 
 Bemberg. Jas. i:. Binns. James F. Banks. 
 H, IL O. Burwell. Rev. J. 1). Bloice, Mrs. 
 Matthew Banks, Rev. W. II. Burrell. C. II. 
 Crawford. Rev. S. A. Carrington, A, J. 
 Gurry. A. Grumpier. R. J. Co.x. J. II. 
 Chandler Rev. S. J. Comfort, John Charles- 
 Ion. Mrs. David Chestnut. Squire Clark. 
 .Miss .\nnie Chapman, R. Crawford, Mrs. J. 
 W'. Council. Lulher Dandridge. G. W. Da- 
 vis. W. H. Davis. .Miss Dianicmd. Wm. Daw- 
 kins. W. IL Davis. Washington Diggs, J. 
 IL Dugger. Mr. Joseph Dorscv. Mrs. Mary 
 Dun.son. A. II. Di.xon. Mrs. "Mar-' Daven- 
 "ort. .las. A. Devine. I-'dw. A. Ditni ts. K. R. 
 
 Del g. A. L. Fove. .Mrs. Chariot le France. 
 
 .Mr. A. J. FassPit, Rev. B. W. Farrls, Pom 
 pey C.ray, Theodore (iould. Geo. W. Gray, 
 .lames L. Green. James IL Gardner. Mrs. 
 A. .\. Grant. Mrs. Martha Green, I'. W. 
 Holmes. S. B. HIggins. Rev. Jesse Harrell, 
 T. .1. Hamilton. Rev. M. L. Harvey. Rev. 
 i:. S. nation. J. l''rancls Ilenrv, James IL 
 Hawkins. Frank Ilevwood. Gilb;M-t C. Har- 
 ris. S. p Ihitc'hinson. Frank Hill. 
 Mrs. .Mary .lames. Miss .Mice James. Wm. 
 
BIR'I'H Ol' WILLIAM LL()\|) (;\kRlS()\ 
 
 67 
 
 Jones, Theodore Jennings, John Juhnson, 
 r,owman B. Johnson, Mrs. A. W. Jordan, 
 IVIrs. Mary Johnson. J. II. KinR, Joseph 
 Kins:. Walter King:. II. A. Kenswil, William 
 R. Kimball, W. II. King, Wm. C. Lovett, 
 Marli ('. Loudon, G. A. Logman, T. F. 
 Marlow, Mrs. Kffie Miller, Mrs. S. L. Mon- 
 roe. Charles K. Woodest, G. W\ Morris, 
 rani Monroe. Geo. W. Mullen. Agnes Mc- 
 Caine, Albert McXeil, F. L. Mitchell, Mrs. 
 Kate Monroe, Mrs. IClnora Modeste, H. 
 Mayers, W. S. Moore, Miss Elizabeth Old- 
 royd, J. A. Phinney, Mrs. Albert I'arham, 
 Mr. C. Tarlier, Mrs. C. Parlcer, William II. 
 I'ryor. liev. L. C. Parrish, Mrs. U. C. Ran- 
 som, Dr. I. L. Roberts. Mrs. Mary Russell, 
 Sergt. Robinson, J. R. Ransom, W. II. Rob- 
 inson, Krslvin Roberts, George L. Robinson, 
 Xaney Reddicl<, Mrs. Emma Spiller, J. K 
 Shaw, Reuben Stephens, Fred A. Smith, 
 Rev. F. G. Snelson. Mrs. Henry Sport, 
 Robt. G. Smith, C. R. Sheler, J. 11. Saun- 
 ders. A. K. Trusty, Mrs. F. Tarby. George 
 !•'. Thompson, .Mrs. Elmer Thomas, C. W. 
 Whaley, Mrs. II. Waddell. S. E. Wood. 
 Samuel Winningham, ^Mrs. Sarah B. West, 
 J. W. Williams, Robert L. Whitfleld, Martha 
 White, C. W. M. Williams, Mrs. M. A. 
 Woodest. Henry Batum, Steward E. Hoyt, 
 .\. A. Kiuer, C. B. Manuel, Arthur B 
 'Juarles, John H. Taylor. 
 
 Committee on Music. 
 
 Julius B. Goddaiu, cnairman. J. M. Ar- 
 buckle, J. F. Anderson, C. T. Bovell, G. H. 
 Barnett, Miss Mary Demby, John D. Dowse, 
 Madam Corbin David, Henry Dixon, G. E. 
 Edmead, Lovett Groves, Miss Marjorie 
 Groves, Mrs. Eva Roosa Hutchins. W. li. 
 Hamilton. Mrs. W. H. Hamilton, Mrs. Maud 
 Cuney Hare, J. Sherman Jones, Benjamin 
 Janey, Miss Georgetta Johnston. Miss Gene- 
 vieve Lee, Irving Y. Langston. Way man 
 JelTerson, Mrs. Rachel Johnson, Charles H. 
 Johnson, Miss Daisy Jones, James E. Lee. 
 J. R. MeCIenney, James H. Moore, J. Shel- 
 ton Pollen, Antonio I'ortuondo, Prof. John 
 F. Ransom. George L. Rufhn. Mrs. Nicholas 
 Rhone, Wm. II. Richardson, J. Patterson 
 Rollins. Mrs. J. Patterson Rollins, Spencer 
 Rilev. Mrs. Carrie Bland Sheler, Miss Elean- 
 ora Smith. T. Wilcott Swan, Jr., W. A 
 Smith, Chas. Sport, Mrs. Adelaide Smith 
 Terry, Garfield Tarrant, Miss Rachel M. 
 Washington. Prof. Fred P. White, W. H. 
 Wooten, Miss Georgietta Woodest, Eugene 
 Williams. C. F. White. C. E. Wheeler, Mrs. 
 Phof'bo (ilover. Miss Georgine Glover. Mi-s. 
 Lillian Reynolds-Ray, Mrs. (J. C. Harris. 
 
 Committee on Printing. 
 
 Pauline E. Hopkins, chairman. Dr. 
 C. G. Steward, secretary, J. C. An- 
 drews. James Anderson, Mr. George Brax- 
 ton. M. B. Brooks. John Bumgardner, Geo. 
 H. Banks, W. H. Burns. H. A. Brown, Esq., 
 Mrs. Cynthia Barnes, Eldridge Baker. Misa 
 Lillv Brown. Walden Banks. Mrs. Olivia 
 Ward Bush. J. O. Crosswhite, Bernard 
 Charles, James Canada, Mrs. Ellen M. Cot- 
 ten, L. W. Carter, George R. Crawford, 
 F. Cooper, Bud Cummings. Eugene Clark, 
 Albert Leroy Curtis, Charles Chapman. H. 
 I". Dugan. Samuel L. Davenport, George P. 
 Dabney, Lattimore Duncan. Geo. H. Drum- 
 mond, James E. Ebron, Mrs. E. Feutado, 
 Charles P. Ford, A. Francis. Henry J. Fai 
 son, Leo Felts, E. & E. Gould, W. O. Green, 
 W. B. Gould, Jr., David M. Green, Samuel 
 M. Garrett, Samuel Griffin. Dr. John B 
 Hall, Chas. E. Hall. Mrs. M. C. Hail, Mrs 
 M. E. Harding, Basil F. Hutchins, Mrs 
 Jesse Harrell. M. R. Jackson, Dr. T. J 
 Jones, Mr. Johnson, Thomas D. Johnson, 
 
 Robert -M. Johnson. Mrs. S. A. Jackson, 
 .1. It. King. Joseph R. Kl.-bl.-. William Liv- 
 ingston. Robert !■;. Lee. B. S. I.obnm. Geo. 
 C. Lewis, Robert P. Lewis. IMinond Ix-wls, 
 Miss l-',va Lewis, Andrew G. Lee, Saniiiei 
 McCov. Charles P. .Morris. Clarence .Mc- 
 Kay. Herbert Modest, W. T. II. .Miller. 
 Lewis P. .Morris. Jos. M.-GUl. .MrH. .Mary 
 .Newsonie. J. J. .Mihols. .Miss Marv Only, 
 Mrs. C. Parrish, J. Ilolman Prvor. \villlam 
 Perry. .Mrs. Annie Phillips. Lu.y E. Prlt<h- 
 ard. Mrs. Marv Potter, Preston .M. I'ero- 
 vast. r. S. I';)well. Miss i:ila Randolph. 
 Mrs. William L. Reed. R. L. Rullln. I). A. 
 Roberts, lulward Rhone, Charles Rldiarrl- 
 son. Mr. Robert Ransom, Mrs. Robert Ran- 
 Bom, Alexander Robinson. Mrs. .lolin Smith, 
 Chas. L. Smilh, Thomas Scottron, Frank 
 Smith. Miss Josephine Seidell. W. II. Seolt. 
 C. J. Shepard. I'earl C. Scottron, Clarence 
 J. Smith, Ciiarles II. Seales. T. «;. Schuvler, 
 Dr. Charles G. Steward. Mrs. W. .M. Trot- 
 ter, T. G. Tvnes. John Thornton. W. H 
 Turner, R. D. White. Miss .Nellie Wilson, 
 George W. Washington. Charles Wilson, K. 
 C. Wilson. Mrs. Virginia Woods. .Vrthur 
 Woodest, Mrs. F. Williams, Jacob L. Whit- 
 man. Mrs. Mary V. Wood. H. J. Williams, 
 Miss Mattie Wiglall. \\illiani Washington, 
 H. A. Walker, John Wilkinson. Mrs. Carrie 
 Wormley, Mrs. Maggie Williams. 
 
 Committee on Reception. 
 
 Madam M. Cravat h Simpson, chulrinan, 
 Mrs. Charles A. King, secretiiry, An- 
 drew Atkinson, Frederick Atkinson. .1. !•; 
 Anderson. John E. Ayer, Mrs. Philip AU- 
 ston, Mrs. J. R. Andrews. C. II. Adams, 
 Mrs. C. II. Adams. E. J. Arciier, Mrs. E. J. 
 Archer, P. L. Brooks. Mrs. I*. L. Brooks. 
 Mrs. Cvnthia Barnes. Mrs. i;ilza Ben- 
 jamin, W. O. Budd. Mrs. W. O. Budd, 
 Mrs. Luella Briggs, Charles 11. Ball, 
 William Ball. Barry Blakeney, Mrs. 
 1:. Banks. Miss R. Barbadoes, R. <). 
 Bernard, James Bonner. Mrs. James Bon- 
 ner. S. E. Bishop, Mrs. S. E. Bishop. Robert 
 T. Blackman, Mrs. H. Bishop. Joseph Bar- 
 nett, Spurgeon Bell. William E. P.atum, 
 Mrs. Carrie Bodene, Mrs. W. Stanley Braith- 
 walte, John Barrows, Edw. Barrows. John 
 Brooks, Samuel H. Bush. Frederick Borden. 
 W. H. Bowen. Mrs. Mary E. Bennett, (ieo. 
 Benders, J. A. Bell. Mrs. Martha Bland. 
 Mrs. J. Barnett, Mrs. F. A. Barker. Or 
 Samuel E. Courtney. Mrs. J. Cohen. Mrs. 
 William Cromwell. R. E. Crusenberry, Mrs. 
 1:. Caution. A. J. Cord. W. Chapman. .Mrs. 
 (ieorge Crawford. W. II. Colley. Mrs. David 
 Crawford, Mrs. Frank R. Chlsholm, .Mrs. 
 John Council. Mrs. J. O. Crosswhite, Mrs. 
 Campbell. J. Chlsholm. R. L. Carter, E. L 
 Davis, (i. W. Dennis. John II. Dorsey, Reu. 
 ben Davis, John W. Douglass, Iianiel L)own 
 ing, Mrs. Delia Evans, Robert Ferguson, 
 .Mrs. Robert Ferguson. Mr. Flood, Miss M. 
 10 Fletcher, W. C. Fessendeu. i'harles 
 Ford, Oscar Fitzwater, Zachariah R. Foun- 
 tain, Miss Ida Gross, Mrs. Lucy Grove.s, 
 Mrs. George S. Glover, W. H. Gordon. E. 
 W. (Joode. Jacob Green. William H. Goode, 
 C H Garnish. Henrv (Jibsou. Mrs. Dora 
 llemmings. Mrs. J. O. Ilenson. Mrs. Hardy, 
 
 F. C. Henderson. Frederick S. Hamilton. 
 
 G. A. Hopkins, Simon J. Hall. Jordan Hill, 
 Mrs. William Haywood. Mr. Harris. George 
 Ilenson. Mrs. Irene Jurix. Mrs. Jackson, 
 B. F. Jackson. Julius -V. Jordan. Mrs. R. J. 
 Jones. Mrs. Rachel Jenkins, .Mrs. George 
 Jackson. Col. B. J. Jackson. Mrs. .N. L. 
 Johnson, Mrs. Charles A. King. BeuJ. F. 
 Kettler. Wesley W. Kennedy, .Mrs. Sue So- 
 mas. John Long. Charles E. Legette. Mrs. 
 Lucy Lewis. Mrs. L. Lomax, J. L. Lasslter. 
 
68 
 
 ONK lllNDKI- Dm A.WIVKRSARV 
 
 lldvvard Lewis. Mrs. i:dwaid Lewis, 1'. V 
 Mni-shall, «;. A. J. Murray. Mrs. F. L. 
 Mltthell. Lewis l\ .Mlddletown. Charles Mf- 
 ("re* M". and Mrs. C 15. Moore. Sol. L. 
 Martin. C. K. .Martin. Vbtm. II. Moore. Mrs. 
 I'aiil .Monroe. (;eorge Marshall. J. H. Me- 
 Ken/.ic. A. W. Nelstvn. 'rin>nias .\elsnii. Miss 
 K. •>. .Neat. L. K. I'asio. .1. rinkney. Mrs. 
 J. rinknev. Mrs. T. H. I'almer. Tllnrius <;. 
 rhillliis. .Mrs. \V. I., ratrick. A. -\. I'ort 
 lock. It. A. Kussell. .Mrs. rornelia Koblnson, 
 Ceor^i' Hahii. .Mrs. (leorjie Uahn, Miss Ma 
 nile Kohliison. .Miss Clara Kobinsun, Mrs 
 J. H. Kan.M.m. Mrs. J. St. 1". Uutlin. Scott 
 Ki>blnson. Virgil Ukhardson. C. P. Russell, 
 William Shields. J. IMlls Shaw, Miss Min- 
 ute Smith. .Miss C. H. Stanford, Mrs. F. G. 
 Snelsoii. .lohn Shiner. Amos Spencer, Geo 
 Simpson. Mrs. l^mma A. Smith, Jas. K. G. 
 Swan. .Mrs. .1. K. Stubbs, Arthur Sharp, 
 .Mrs J. II. Saunders. W. A. Sears, Alice B. 
 Smith. Henry Smith. E. Saunders, Jackson 
 Stovall. Mr. and .Mrs. Hubert Steward. Mrs. 
 .1. v.. Shaw. .1. 1^. Stephens. Frank Smith, 
 .Mr. and Mrs. K. L. Smith, L H. Scott. 
 
 .Miss D. Stewart, Miss Florence Stewart. 
 Mrs. Mary K. Townes. William K. Turner 
 W. II. Turner. K. L. Thomas. Mrs. J. C 
 Thomas, .lames Tucker. .Miss Bessie V 
 Trotter. Lewis Terrv, -Mrs. Jennie Turner 
 .1. II. Van ClitT. ^rl•s. Vick. W. II. Valen 
 tine, IaiuIs C. Woods, Joseph W. Younger 
 Mrs. W. Walker. .Mrs. \\illiani Washington 
 Mrs. .lohn 1'. Waters. John .M. Wentworth, 
 Miss Isabel Walker, C. W. Whallev. Mrs 
 M. Wilkerson. Hall Williams. Mrs." J. W 
 Williams. J. W. White. C. J. Wright, Mrs 
 Milion Walker. Edward Wallace, Mrs. Mar 
 i^arei Williams. .Mrs. Rosetta Warmack 
 Willis. Mrs. A. W. Young. Mrs. Rob 
 ^■(lUll|J;. .Mr. and .Mrs. .lohn I'.ankhead 
 and .Mrs. Waller Itrown, .Mrs. l^mma 
 er. Geo. L. Dandridge. .Miss Ella Da 
 .Mrs. i:mina llorion. Geo. S. Ilobson 
 lam I-'., llarvev. Mrs. C. S. Harrington 
 J. E. Jeffiies. .Mrs. M. A. Johnson 
 \. Russell, .\rchie Shaw. II. C. Simp 
 son. Mrs. Hat lie Washington. Henry Wil 
 son, Mrs. .\ . I'liillips. Miss ('. Williamson 
 Miss .M. E. Townscnii. Mrs. .Mary E. Roosa 
 
 .Mrs. 
 
 crl 
 
 Mr. 
 
 r.ut 
 
 vis. 
 
 Wil 
 
 Mrs 
 
 U. 
 
 -^vr\5^^M^^^Jpvrv^--- 
 
Auxiliary Church Celebrations, Sun= 
 day, December 10th, 1905 
 
 Held in response to Appeal to Clergymen by Boston 
 Suffrage League Committee 
 
 The citizens celebration had no 
 sessions Snnday night, which time 
 was i)ur!)oseIy left for each church 
 to hold a Garrison celebration of its 
 own. The part taken by the Boston 
 SuiTrage league in these Sunday even- 
 ing services consisted in issuing the 
 following "ADueal to the Clergymen 
 of the United States for Garrison's 
 Centenary." 
 
 "To the clergymen of New England 
 and of the United States: — The un- 
 dersigned, a sub-committee of the 
 Garrison Centenary committee of the 
 Suffrage League of Boston and vicin- 
 ity, under whose auspices a celebra- 
 tion is to be held in Boston on Decem- 
 ber 10 and 11, believing William 
 Lloyd Garrison to be one of the nob- 
 lest characters in our country's his- 
 tory and one of its greatest benefac- 
 tors, as well as one of the world's 
 greatest moral agitators, earnestly 
 petition you to take cognizance of the 
 100th birthday of this great American 
 on Sunday, Dec. 10. 
 
 "As representatives of that ele- 
 ment, for whose fi'eedom Garrison 
 gave the best efforts of his life with 
 such success, we appeal to you to 
 utilize this occa.sion to aroi'.se the 
 American people to a sense of the 
 enormity of the present evil of Ne- 
 gro-American serfdom through the 
 nullification of those amendments to 
 the constitution which are the dearly 
 bought fruits of the war for freedom, 
 and to start a second Garrisonian 
 movement to abolish Negro-American 
 selfdom in this land as the first Gar- 
 rison movement abolished Negro- 
 American chattel slavery in the past, 
 that it may be in very truth the 'land 
 of the free.' " 
 (Signed) 
 
 EMORY T. MORRIS. Cambrid-e, 
 
 REV. WM. H. SCOTT, Woburn. 
 
 CHAS. H. HALL, Cambridge, 
 
 Committee. 
 
 This appt-al was widely disseminat- 
 ed and bore fruit many miles from 
 Boston. In Greater Boston it was 
 acce])ted and acted upon with cele- 
 brations on Sunday night, Dec. 10, 
 by the Twelfth Baptist church, Charles 
 Street A. M. E., St. Paul Baptist, 
 Morning Star Baptist, Calvary Baj)- 
 tist of Boston, the Union Baptist of 
 Cambridge, Centre Street Bai)tist of 
 Maiden, Zion Baptist of Lynn, Shiloh 
 Baptist of Everett and others. 
 Abridged accounts of such of these as 
 could be secured by the committee 
 are here given as they were auxiliary 
 to, and in that sense a part of, the 
 citizens' celebration. 
 
 AT TWELFTH BAPTIST CHURCH, 
 PHILLIPS STREET, BOSTON. 
 
 A Garrison Centennial meeting, aux- 
 iliary to the Citizens' meeting was 
 held at the Twelfth Baptist church, on 
 Phillips street of which Rev. M. A. N. 
 Shaw is pastor, Sunday night, Dec. 10, 
 in response to the appeal of the Boston 
 Suffrage League. It was a notable 
 meeting, among the speakers being 
 Mrs. Lucia Ames Mead. Rev. Charles 
 F. Dole, president of the Twentieth 
 Century Club, Rev. Francis G. Rich- 
 ardson, registrar of the Boston Uni- 
 versity School of Medicine, John R. 
 Murphy, Esq., Speaker Louis A. FYoth- 
 ingham of the Massachusetts House of 
 Representatives, and Mr. William L. 
 Reed, executive messenger to the 
 governor. The musical program was 
 elaborate, consisting of an augmented 
 chorus, a quartet and solos. Mrs. 
 Ames was presented with a bouquet 
 of cut flowers by Miss Josephine Sel- 
 den of the church who made a neat 
 speech of presentation. 
 
 Rev. Shaw opened with an eloquent 
 tribute to Garrison who used to speak 
 from that same pulpit. He spoke of 
 
().\K 111 -XDRKDlll A.\M\ KRSARV 
 
 tJarrisuiis reliance on Incessant agita- 
 tion of wrongs to get rid of tlieni. 
 
 .Mrs. Ames eulogized Garrijron as a 
 man of ilean life and of great adher- 
 enie lo principle, a great moral hero. 
 She then dwelt upon the need of ap- 
 plying the spirit of Garrison to the 
 reform of present day evils, especial- 
 ly that of corrupt city politics, advis- 
 ing all to vote for Mr. FrotJiingham. 
 
 Hon. John R. Murphy spoke very 
 elocpiently on Mr. Garrison. He knew 
 Wendell Phillips personally and of en 
 talked with him about the anti-slav- 
 ery cause. He said that the original 
 conception of the plan to destroy slav- 
 ery was Garrison's though others 
 worked in the cause. Referring to 
 the fact that slavery was abolished by 
 war he said that while he did not be- 
 lieve bloodshed was always necessary 
 to reform yet it was a weak cause thiH 
 was no* worth dying for. (Applause.) 
 
 He said that he foresaw the early 
 coming of the ideal of fraternity and 
 that it would come from espousal of 
 the ideal of Americanism uncler which 
 lines of race, color and creed -would 
 vanish. America was made up of all 
 races, colors and creeds. 
 
 "You have done your share," said 
 the speaker, "in all the wars that have 
 saved and upbuilt and made glorious 
 the country, and shoulder to shoulder 
 with your white fellow citizens you 
 will contribute to all its victories in 
 jieace." (Applause.) 
 
 Mr. William L. Reed, executive mes- 
 senger to the governor referred to 
 the great meeting at the Smith Court 
 Synagogue as giving him inspiration. 
 He said he enjoyed the remarks of Mr. 
 Murphy as those of a man belonging 
 lo another race that had been perse- 
 luted in this country but had forged 
 to the front. He spoKe of some speak- 
 er at the L'Oth Century club who said 
 Garrison lacked wholly commonsense 
 in Ills methods of trying to free the 
 slaves. Mr. Reed said that was the 
 trouble with the public today. Any 
 man who said peonage was slavery, 
 disfrandiisement serfdom and who 
 censured i)ublic oflicials for ignoring 
 the gr<*ai principle would i)c consid- 
 »*red "Indiscreet." 
 
 'Iln' pa-stor, after remarking that 
 Im;1Ii1(h In the sense of good citizen- 
 Hhip had a rightful i)lace in the church, 
 a remark caused by the arrival of 
 Speaker Froth Ingham, introduced 
 with an extraordinary tribute I'rof. 
 Frank ('. Hicli.irdsou. Rr'gi.sirar of tlii' 
 
 Boston University School of Medicine. 
 Prof. Richardson delivered a notable 
 address. He said in part: 
 
 Of the many lessons to be learned 
 from a contemplation or the career 
 of William l.loyd Garrison, none to 
 ray mind constitute a more pr<;cioi:s 
 heritage to your race than the s-elf- 
 culture, independent thought and 
 steadfastness of purpose which his Kfc 
 exemplified. 
 
 Reared in poverty, an errand boy, 
 a wood sawyer, a printer's apprentice, 
 with scarcely a common school edu- 
 cation as we understand it today, by 
 his own effort he cultivated his re.i- 
 soning faculty, and his powers of ex- 
 pression till he raised himself to 
 heights from which his voice wal^ 
 heard around the world. By his inde- 
 pendence of thought and steadfastness 
 of purpose he came to be a leader of 
 men— the emancipator of a race and 
 swayed a nation's destiny. 
 
 Edison once said that genius was 2 
 percent genius and 98 percent hard 
 work. 
 
 So it is with our accomplishment — 
 while something may be due to natural 
 ability, far more is the result of ear- 
 nest effort. It is well to remember 
 that there can be no actual equality 
 among men. Every man's future de- 
 pends upon himself. It is well tVr 
 you to remember that the equal rights 
 which William Lloyd Garrison labor- 
 ed so earnestly for years to obtain 
 are the rights and opportunities equal 
 to those of every other man, to store 
 your mind with knowledge; to culti- 
 vate the habit of independent thought 
 to upbuild your character to its rich- 
 est, fullest fruition until you shall 
 have won the admiration and respect 
 of the world. 
 
 It has been said in criticism of yo T 
 race that yo>i are emotional. 1 would 
 not have you otherwise. He who has 
 no strength of emotion, no passion of 
 sorrow or of joy is far removed from 
 the ideal of manhood, but see to it 
 that your emotion is governed by self- 
 control; is tempered by the light of 
 reason. 
 
 If has been said of you that you are 
 merely imitative. What more. I ask, 
 could have been reasonably expected 
 of you (luring the past years of your 
 mental awakening? To the lasting 
 credit of your race be it said that the 
 examples you have followed have 
 more often than otherwise been of 
 the best — your ideals the highest. 
 
BIRTH Ol' WII.I.IAM l,l.()\l) (iXKRlSOX 
 
 7' 
 
 You have passed through the stage 
 of mere imitation — you have learne I 
 to think — to reason. The time is now 
 at hand for you to originate, to freatc. 
 Whatever your wallv of life it sho ild 
 be your ambition and steadfast pur- 
 pose to be not only the equal of others 
 but the best in your particular iield. 
 
 The women should strive for excel- 
 lence in domestic arts and shoild cul- 
 tivate those refinements for which the 
 work-a-day life of the man leaves him 
 no time, but which through woman's 
 influence rescues the world from brut- 
 ishness. 
 
 The man should enter the competi- 
 tion of life with the determination to 
 do his best, but to play the game 
 square to the end, never swerving one 
 jot from the straight path of honor 
 and truth as revealed to him by the 
 light of his reason. Let him make 
 honest and fearless inquiry in all 
 things, prove all things and hold fast 
 that which is good. 
 
 "Thank God, the past is not the 
 present. For its opportunities and 
 deeds we are not responsible. It is for 
 us to discharge the high duties that 
 devolve on us, and carry our wave on- 
 ward. To be no better, no greater 
 than the past, is to be little and fool- 
 ish and bad: it is to misapply noble 
 means, to sacrifice glorious opportuni- 
 ties for the performance of sublime 
 deeds, to become cumberers of the 
 t round." 
 
 Rev. Shaw introduced Mr. Frothing- 
 ham not as candidate for mayor but 
 as Speaker of the House. Mr. Froth- 
 ingham eulogized Garrison and pro- 
 phesied the doing away with race lines 
 in the future. He declared the Color- 
 ed people could now start a new era 
 with, in Massachusetts at least, the 
 best blood of the country with them. 
 
 Rev. Charles F. Dole, president of 
 the Twentieth Century Club after in- 
 terjecting that he hoped Mr. Froth- 
 ingham would be elected, said the 
 question was whether from all thesr" 
 Garrison celebrations over the country 
 there would be any result in the peo- 
 ple living up to Garrison ideals. He 
 said the great question was the iro- 
 portion of the beautiful qualities in 
 the Colored race, it being admitted 
 these qualities were possessed by the 
 race. 
 
 Beside the large chorus under Prof. 
 McClenny, there was a selection by 
 the Crescent Male Quartet and a solo 
 by Miss Maybelle Grant, accompanied 
 on the or:ran bv Prof. Fred White. 
 
 The audience was an unusually large 
 one filling the galleries us wt-ll as the 
 floor. 
 
 AT CHARLES ST. A. M. E. CHURCH, 
 CHARLES ST.. BOSTON. 
 
 An immense crowd, Suiidav nisht, 
 I)acke(l the large auditorium of 
 Charles Street church and filled the 
 galleries, the special feature of the 
 evening's service bciuii the Garrison 
 centenary meeting, arranged in re- 
 sponse to the appeal to the clery of the 
 Boston Suffrage league. Mr. Oswald 
 Garrison Villard of the New York 
 Evening Post, grandson of the great 
 emancipator, had acceDted an invita- 
 tion to come on from Now York, and 
 attend this meeting, and Mrs. Mary 
 Church Terrell, who had electrified ii 
 large audience the Fridav uight be- 
 fore, the greatest woman speaker of 
 her race, had been announced to 
 speak, with others, in eulo:^y of the 
 man whose 100th birthday the Colored 
 people of the city were celebrating. 
 The choir under the leadershii) of the 
 chorister, Mi-. J. Sherman .Jones, fur- 
 nished excellent music throughout the 
 evening. The pastor. Rev. Reverdy C. 
 Ransom, in introducing as the first 
 speaker, Mr. Villard, spoke of the 
 pleasure it had given him to invite Mr. 
 Villard and of his great joy in receiv- 
 ing the latter's acceptance to honor 
 the occasion by his presence. 
 
 Mr. Villard said that it had not been 
 the intention of any member of the 
 family to speak at any of the various 
 meetings held in honor of his grand- 
 father, but that since the rule had 
 been violated by Mr. Francis Garrison 
 at the Joy street meeting in the after- 
 noon, he felt free to express at least 
 his thanks to the Colored people of 
 Boston for the manner in which they 
 had honored his grandfather. He had 
 come with no set SDeech. It was dif- 
 ficult, he said, to express the praise 
 that was due Mr. Garrison's great and 
 noble life without a seeming indeli- 
 cacy because of the relationship. But 
 if he were here today he would say 
 not to honor him. but the noble band 
 of heroes that sui)ported him, and not 
 to think of the personalities, but of 
 the cause and its triumphs, and let it 
 be an inspiration. Mr. Garrison was 
 a man of peace and triumphed by 
 methods of peace and not of violence. 
 To him it was given, too, to see him- 
 self the success of the cause which 
 few expected to see triumph in less 
 
12 
 
 ONK UlNDRKDrH A \ X I V KKSA R V 
 
 than a century. "Therein," continued 
 the speaker, "lies inspiration to us all, 
 to continue to fight the battle of right- 
 eousness not only here, but wherever 
 human beings the world over are be- 
 ing opF)ressed. In Garrison's spirit I 
 urge you to courage and faith as 
 you look into the future. No one ever 
 saw Garrison downcast. When he de- 
 cided the anti-slavery forces should 
 organize only 15 gathered together, 
 and when he proposed that in the 
 platform of the new society should be 
 the clause calling for immediate eman- 
 cipation, three of his dearest friends 
 walked o ;t. the only ones who could 
 donate a hundred dollars to the cause 
 and not be embarrassed. Yet in a few 
 years SOO societies and the national 
 anti-slavery society had been formed. 
 What a lesson for us when we look 
 into the future, when stumbling blocks 
 are put in the way of justice! There 
 was a cav.so which seemed hopeless 
 triumphing, which showed that Garri- 
 son possessed divine forethought, and 
 that the cayse had supporters. Re- 
 member tbeae things when you are 
 discouraged, and put into your work 
 some of that indomitable spirit, some 
 of that righteousness that was Garri- 
 son's.'" 
 
 Mr. E. E. Brown next spoke in elo- 
 quent terms of eulogy of Garrison. He 
 thought no man more fitting to re- 
 ceive the Negro's love and respect 
 than Garrison, the great emancipator 
 and liberator of a people, and uncom- 
 promising defender of their ri2:hts, 
 from whose life should be derived the 
 lessons of fearless and dauntless cour- 
 age in the face of trials and difficul- 
 ties. He spoke of the great scone of 
 the broadcloth mob, and of the occa- 
 sion that enlisted Wendell Phillips to 
 the cause of freedom, and lamented 
 the dearth of men of the stamp of 
 Garrison and Phillips and Andrews. 
 
 Mrs. Glendower Evans, who is an 
 agitator for clean politics, said that 
 It was a tremendous occasion to cele- 
 brate the life of so great a man, and 
 le^rc'tted that though we thought of 
 the deeds of the past we did not live 
 up to them. She sitoke of the cor- 
 ruption in municipal politics and ex- 
 horted all to help remove the evils. 
 
 The pastor introduced the next 
 speaker, Mr M, It, DeMortie. as one 
 who had himself worki-rl in the antl- 
 Hluvory cause. Mr. DeMortie began 
 his address, which was teeming with 
 IntereHtlng historical statements of 
 the anti-slavery times, by remarking 
 
 that the very choir which had ren- 
 dered such beautiful music spoke 
 through and was a tribute to Mr. Gar- 
 rison, because through him was made 
 possible the opportunity to sing. Mr. 
 De.Mortie then told of the work of the 
 abolitionists of his own i)articipation 
 and aroused much interest by exhibit- 
 ing copies of The Liberator. His eul- 
 ogy of Mr. Garrison and his coadjutors 
 was very impressive. He spoke of the 
 12 men who formed the anti-slavery 
 society in the old Baptist church 
 in Joy street, as the 12 apostles of 
 freedom; he mentioned the names of 
 the abolitionists, of Wm. C. Nell, who 
 got inspiration from Crispus Attucks' 
 life, and began agitating for a monu- 
 ment to Attucks, and was moved also 
 to agitate for mixed schools in Bos- 
 ton. In the course of Mr. De Mortie's 
 remarks he spoke of a man present 
 who saved Phillips from the mob, and 
 when the pastor called for the man to 
 rise, Mr. T. P. Taylor arose, and re- 
 ceived the plaudits of the audienca. 
 
 The last speaker was Mrs. Mary 
 Cl)urch Terrell, who stirred the audi- 
 ence by her recital of the wrongs per- 
 petrated on the Negroes today. She 
 painted a vivid and awful j)icture of 
 the chain gang, the convict lease sys- 
 tem, Ivnch law and all the horrors of 
 southern brutality, and declared that 
 the atrocities in America went far 
 beyond the murders of the Rusisan 
 •lews, and that though maltreated, the 
 Jews' social status was always supe- 
 rior to that of the Negro in the United 
 States. She longed for another W. L. 
 Garrison as needed now as in the days 
 of slavery to start such an agitation 
 that would emancipate the race today 
 from its awful thraldom. Mrs. Ter- 
 rell's speech was a masterly effort, 
 showing a deep acquaintance with the 
 subject, and full of long quotations 
 from Garrison's sayings and letters. 
 The audience was loud and long in 
 its api)lause. 
 
 With Mrs. Terrell's address, after 
 singing by the choir, the memorable 
 event came to an end. 
 
 AT. ST. PAUL BAPTIST CHURCH. 
 CAMDEN STREET. BOSTON. 
 
 In si)ite of the stormy weather, a 
 ureal audience assembled in the St. 
 Paul Baptist church Sunday night Dec. 
 loth, in resi)onse to the call of the 
 Boston Suffrai'e league, to celebrate 
 the f)ne hundredth birth<lav of that 
 matchless hero, William Llovd Garri- 
 
IJlKl'll Ol' \V1LI,1.\M I,l.()\l) CAKklSON 
 
 73 
 
 son. The speakers were most enthu- 
 siatically received. The services 
 opened at 7.30 with a sacred solo by 
 the organist, Miss L. Hill. The pastor, 
 Dr. B. W. Farris, then arose and in 
 a brief and timely speech, introduced 
 Sergeant Horatio J. Homer, the i)re- 
 siding officer, who in a short address, 
 declared that Mr. Garrison had made 
 it possible for the Negro to advance so 
 rapidly in the higher civilization. He 
 then called upon the pastor to read 
 Scripture, after which Deacon Alfred 
 Moore, who knew Mr. Garrison person- 
 ally was introduced to offer prayer. 
 He then introduced Madame Nana 
 Varrs Hunter, who captured her audi- 
 ence by her sweet solo. Professor 
 Homer B. Sprague of Cambridge de- 
 livered a most profound address, go- 
 ing back to the genesis of the Negro 
 in this country, and ending by declar- 
 ing that "William Lloyd Garrison 
 was the Moses of this generation." 
 He said in part: 
 
 "Slavery was introduced into thi;^ 
 country some 28G years ago. It was 
 a great hindrance to the progress o:t' 
 our nation. It was a great sin that 
 was committed by the whole country, 
 who took stock in slave trade. The 
 nation paid for this sin dearly by the 
 sacrifice of so many precious lives antl 
 the expenditure of so much money. 
 The character of Mr. Garrison com- 
 pels the admiration of every true 
 American. The cause for which he 
 stood was righteous. In his great 
 speech (which he read) he said he 
 was willing to trust the work that he 
 had begun to the true North for com- 
 pletion, that is the eaual rights of the 
 Negro. He was your true friend, and 
 well have you come to celebrate his 
 100th birthday." 
 
 Professor Spragiie closed with the 
 following quotation from Lowell: 
 "No; true freedom is to share 
 All the chains our brothers wear, 
 .And with heart and hand to be 
 Earnest to make others free. 
 They are slaves who fear to speak 
 For the fallen and the weak; 
 They are slaves who will not choose 
 Hatred, scoffing, and abuse, 
 Rather than in silence shrink 
 From the truth they needs must think. 
 They are slaves who dare not be 
 In the right with two or three!" 
 
 The next speaker was Rabbi Eich- 
 ler, who was received amid great ap- 
 plause, and said: 
 
 "I consider it an honor to have the 
 opportunity of standing upon the plat- 
 
 Torui of this old iii.storic clnircli or- 
 ganization, ui)on whose platform .Mr. 
 Garrison has stood in defense of your 
 liberty and the safety of the govern- 
 ment years ago. 
 
 You have been emancipatccl, in i)art, 
 but you are still passing through the 
 wilderness of American i)rejudice; 
 you have yet to come to the posses- 
 sion of the promised land. Your 
 progress in the last 1(» years tells t..e 
 world that you will in time reach that 
 promised land. Your sorrows are 
 felt keenly by our race. You read the 
 daily papers and you see how my race 
 is suffering at the hand of the cruel 
 oppressor in the far off East, under 
 the Russian government. Old men, 
 young men, old women and youn^ 
 women, children and babies, are mur- 
 dered at the cruel hand of the oppres- 
 sor. The work Mr. Garrison begun 
 will not be completed until yo>i reach 
 the promised land of your equal rights, 
 for which he stood so bravely. You 
 honor a great man today; he is to this 
 race in part, what Moses was to the 
 Jew, and with you we bow in honor to 
 his memory. That God i.^ the father 
 of us all and that God who led the Jew 
 ©ut of bondage into the promised 
 land, was leading the Negro. Let him 
 be a man and stand up for his rights; 
 they will come in time; Garrison has 
 made it possible." The choir then 
 sang. Seated upon the platform 
 next to Rev. Farris, were Mrs. 
 Fanny Garrison Villard and son. Mr. 
 Harold Garrison Villard, and 
 at this time the presiding officer called 
 upon Dr. Farris to introduce Mrs. Vil- 
 lard, with a five minutes' eulogy that 
 brought forth loud applause, the great 
 audience arose and received Mrs. Vil- 
 lard amidst the most enthusiastic 
 gratefulness. After they were seated 
 and the applause had died awav, she 
 delivered a 20-minute address, saying: 
 
 "Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentle- 
 men: Words cannot express my joy in 
 being here tonight. When Mr. Farris. 
 your pastor, invited me in New York 
 city to be ru-esent here tonight. I ac- 
 cepted the kind invitation with pleas- 
 ure. So much has been sai 1 in com- 
 mendation of the earnest deeds of my 
 father that I hardly know how to ex- 
 press my appreciation. I was down 
 to the old Joy street meeting house 
 this afternoon, to that great meeting, 
 and my heart was filled as I listened 
 and thought of how my father spoke 
 from that platform in defense of your 
 liberty. Y'our pastor said in introduc- 
 
74 
 
 ONK in XDRKDTH AWIVKRSA RY 
 
 jng me thai our home was always 
 filled with visitors, who were interest- 
 ed in the movement of freeing your 
 race. I would often go to bed in one 
 place and wake in the mornins;; in an- 
 other place, havinK been moved dur- 
 ing the night and my bed given to 
 strangers. My father used to say to 
 n.e, M laughter, you have a nice bed 
 and lovely home and all comforts, but 
 the i)oor little Colored girl has no bed, 
 no comforts, no home, how happy you 
 ought to be and what a good girl you 
 ought to be!' 
 
 ■•But mv father was not only inter- 
 ested in the emanciiiation of your 
 race; he was also interested in the 
 women and worked hard in this direc- 
 tion. In fact he was interested in 
 every good and rigi.Leous cause; he 
 was truly an honest advocater against 
 wrong. He stood for higher life. 
 
 "Our family was happy, our home 
 pleasant, because neither my father 
 nor my mother, nor the children took 
 difficulties hard; we always rose 
 above the situation and were happy, 
 because we were working for a prin- 
 ciple that would live on. though we 
 die. If my father could come back 
 here now. he would be much mortified 
 to know that those principles for 
 which he stood and suffered, and that 
 were accomplished by giving the Col- 
 ored people their franchise, had been 
 rescinded and the South no longer re- 
 garded your race as citizens. But let 
 us hope for a better future, and one 
 hundred vears hence, I trust all 
 wrongs will have been made right and 
 your race en.ioy that happy freedom 
 for which my father suffered and to 
 which cause he so earnestly gave a 
 great part of his life. I thank you for 
 listening so attentively to my re- 
 marks." 
 
 Other brief addresses were then de- 
 livered and the program was closed 
 by a chorus, "Awake the Song." 
 
 AT 
 
 MORNING STAR BAPTIST 
 
 CHURCH, BOSTON. 
 
 The Morning Star Baptist ciiurcli 
 Garrison ceh-bration on Sunday eve- 
 ning was of especially good (pialily, 
 l)«'ing held under the auspices of the 
 Boston Suffrage League. Alter 
 
 pray<'r by the pastor. Rev. Maitiu 
 L. Harvey, the programme o|)(>ned 
 with an appropriate speech from 
 Mr. \V. \V. Doherty. who empha- 
 hW.vi\ I lie work of the league and said 
 it was following in the steps of (lar- 
 risfin. anti coiuludfd with the assur- 
 
 ance thai Garrison's work would live 
 on forever and that it behooved all 
 of us to emulate his example and 
 work with his spirit. Mr. H. B. Black- 
 wcl! spoke next and said in part that 
 Carrison was the right man for the 
 right lime and that his work was 
 done so truly and so well that its ef- 
 fect is lasting even up to this day. 
 Miss Alice Blackwell was next intro- 
 duced in place of Mrs. Julia W. Howe. 
 Her remarks were enthusiastic and 
 interesting and included many person- 
 al reminiscences of Mr. Garrison with 
 whom slie had a close acquaintance. 
 He had been a source of great ins])ir 
 at ion to her, and she thoroughly be 
 lieved in his principles. She claimed 
 that this celebration should inspire 
 all of us to work harder in the great 
 cause of human rights and that we 
 should look to Garrison for encourage- 
 ment. 
 
 .Mr. H. F. 'I'nu'blood referred to the ex- 
 cellent work bein.g done by the Suf- 
 frage league and said that while Gar- 
 lison was primarily a man of pow- 
 er, yet he accomplished such a vast 
 amount of good that his name would 
 f'VHr be connected Wi... every move- 
 luenl lor manhood's rights. Rev. 
 Hyroii (luiiner of Newport contri- 
 l)ute I a strong and able address in 
 which he cl;!imed that Garrison was a 
 faithful man and feared God above 
 all else; that he was true to his con- 
 victions, especially to his convictions 
 of slavery's wrongs. He continued 
 that Garrison was true to the work af- 
 ter he had begun it and stood by it 
 through every struggle. Mr. Gunner 
 said further that he hoped a lasting 
 insi)iration by this memorial would l)e 
 made on the hearts of all. 
 
 Mr. Davis of Maiden concluded the 
 program with a forceful and appreci- 
 ative speech. 
 
 AT 
 
 ZION BAPTIST CHURCH. 
 
 LYNN. MASS. 
 
 .•\ Garrison Memorial meeting was 
 li'ld with special exercises Sunday 
 night. Dec. 10th. 1905, at the Zion Bap- 
 tist church, corner of Fayette and 
 Adams streets. Lynn, Mass. The ad- 
 dress of the evening was delivered by 
 tiie i)aslor. Rev. P. Thomas Stanford. 
 D. n.. M. D.. LL. D.. his subject be 
 iiig ••The Voice of Wm. Lloyd Garri 
 son." 
 
 He said in iiart: 
 
 "The Suffrage League of Boston 
 has issued an appeal to the clergymi-n 
 
iurth of \\ii,li.\m li,o\I) carrison 
 
 75 
 
 peoi)le to unite on the loth arid 11th 
 of this montii, today and tomorrow, 
 and fittingly recognize the centenary 
 of William Lloyd Garrison. 
 
 "In his last days Mr. Garrison frank- 
 ly ascribed all that he had been or 
 done to the training, example and in- 
 fluence of his mother, whose early his- 
 tory was of uncommon interest. He 
 was her second son and loved her with 
 all his soul, mind and spirit. Her ac- 
 tions, words and deeds were as if with 
 •m iron pen cut into his very being 
 and shaped his character. 
 
 After speaking of Garrison's con- 
 version to Immediatism and of his im- 
 prisonment at Baltimore, his tine hav- 
 ing been paid by Arthur Tappan, Rev. 
 Stanford continued: 
 
 "July 1, 1831, Mr. Garrison issued 
 the first edition of the Liberator. He 
 had no money or friends, and he and 
 his partner, Isaac Knapp. were too 
 poor to hire an office of their own, but 
 the foreman of The Christian Exami- 
 ner employed them as journeymen, 
 taking their labor as pay for the use 
 of his type. James Foster, a Colored 
 man of Philadelphia, bought the first 
 Liberator for $50. 
 
 "Laboring under such unfavorable 
 circumstances, he was not disheart 
 ened. For 35 years the brave Garrison 
 contended for the immediate enfran- 
 chisement of the slave against many 
 odds, unkind treatment and imprison- 
 ment. Just 35 years on the first day 
 of January, 1866, Garrison had the 
 happiness of announcing that the glo- 
 rious work to which he had devoted 
 himself was finally finished. 
 
 Rev. Stanford closed with an ap- 
 peal to his fellow Americans to start 
 a second Garrisonian movement to 
 abolish Negro-American serfdom. 
 
 AT CENTRE ST. BAPTIST CHURCH, 
 MALDEN, MASS. 
 
 At 7.15 p. m.. December 10, 
 1905, at the Centre Street Baptist 
 church. Maiden, Mass., the ser- 
 vices were opened by the choir's 
 singing "Praise God fi'om Whom All 
 Blessings Flow." Invocation was by 
 Rev. O. F. Tate, after which E. A. 
 Washington, the chorister, led the 
 congregation in singing "My Coun- 
 try;" the pastor. Rev. J. H. Wiley, 
 then read the 60th chapter of Isaiah, 
 and Deacon M. H. Smith offered 
 prayer, and the next was singing by 
 
 the (;hoir, one of Mr. Garrison's fa- 
 vorite h.vnins, "Awake My Soul, 
 Stretch Every Nerve." After a 
 short speech by Deacon J. Davis, the 
 choir chanted the 23d Psalm. Then 
 Rev. Wiley arose and took for his text 
 Isaiah 61. 1st and 2d verses and from 
 this proi)hecy he pictured the like- 
 ness of (Jarrison and ('hrist in their 
 work. Christ worked for the enum- 
 cipation of man's soul; Garrison 
 worked for the emancipation of man's 
 body. Then Deacon E. Derry offered 
 prayer, and after that Deacon P. 
 Sneed took up a good celebration col- 
 lection, and the congregation united 
 in singing "Blest Be the Tie That 
 Binds." At 9.30 benediction bv Fath- 
 er Tate. 
 
 AT CALVARY BAPTIST CHURCH, 
 SHAWMUT AVENUE, BOSTON. 
 
 At the Calvary Baptist Church, Bos- 
 ton, Sunday night, Dec. 10th, there was 
 a joint Garrison celebration by church 
 and Sunday School. Mr. L. E. Pasco, 
 church clerk, presided. Rev. S. J. Com- 
 fort, the pastor, read the Boston Suf- 
 frage League's Appeal and welcomed 
 the Sunday School. Mrs. Mary How- 
 ard, superintendent, made the re- 
 sponse. Miss Marie Johnson read a 
 poem on Garrison composed by the 
 late Elijah Smith, father of Mrs. J. M. 
 Burrell. An eloquent oration on Gar- 
 rison was delivered by John M. Bur- 
 rell, Esq. The choir. Prof. J. S. Pol- 
 len, director, sang several hymns. Rev. 
 Taylor pronounced the benediction. 
 The meeting was enthusiastic and in- 
 spiring. 
 
 AT UNION BAPTIST CHURCH, 
 .MAIN ST., CAMBRIDGE. 
 
 At the Union Baptist church, Cam- 
 bridge, Sunday night, Dec. 10th, the 
 Rev. Jesse Harrell, D. D., s])oke on the 
 100th anniversary of Wm. Lloyd Garri- 
 son. He spoke of the great and good 
 men ))eing a gift fi'om God. Wm. Lloyd 
 Garrison was a broad-hearted man 
 and a lover of all mankind. He made 
 a great sacrifice of his time and labor- 
 ed for the freedom of the Colored 
 race. The pastor urged upon the peo- 
 ple to follow his example and pre- 
 cepts. He also spoke on the no-license 
 question, urged upon the people to 
 vote no. The choir rendered special 
 selections and the congregation was 
 good. 
 

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