Class ZLsk- 
 
 Bonk 
 
 Copyright N° 
 
 COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT. 
 
The Complete Dictater 
 
 A Collection 
 
 OF 
 
 Letters, Legal Forms, Testimony, and 
 Selected Articles 
 
 FOR DICTATION TO SHORTHAND STUDENTS 
 
 COMPILED AND EDITED BY 
 
 Parke Schoch, A. M. 
 
 Director, Department of Commerce and Finance, 
 
 Drexel Institute, Philadelphia ; Author, Pitman Phonography for 
 
 Schools and Colleges 
 
 philadelphia 
 Park Publishing Company 
 
-7^ 
 
 LIBRARY QfCQNttRessf 
 Two Copies Received | 
 JUL 18 190? 
 _ CoDynrht Entry 
 
 OuL. /3. /?#; 
 
 ClAss a. xxc, No. 
 /7£+sr/C> 
 
 COPY B. 
 
 \<\ 
 
 Copyright, 1907, by 
 
 Parkh Schoch, 
 
 Philadelphia. 
 
. PREFACE 
 
 This book has been prepared to supply a distinct lack in 
 the material available to the teacher — a comprehensive 
 dictation course consisting of matter that is, first, wisely 
 selected ; second, carefully edited ; third, properly graded ; 
 fourth, judiciously and liberally keyed. Business- letter 
 books in abundance are published, but the training of 
 stenographers involves more than a drill in commercial 
 correspondence, and to fulfill the additional requirements 
 the teacher has been obliged to supplement the letters with 
 articles collected at haphazard from various sources. The 
 result has been an unsystematic, unbalanced, and incomplete 
 course. Between the covers of this book will be found 
 in proper proportions letters, legal forms, testimony, and 
 selected articles, which together comprise a logical and 
 complete course in dictation. If shorthand teaching is to 
 attain the highest standards, the dictation period of instruc- 
 tion must be as carefully organized and conducted as the 
 text-book period has come to be. This presupposes, first, 
 a good book from which to teach, and, second, a book in 
 the hands of each student so that lessons may be assigned 
 from day to day and be prepared by the student with the 
 same care as is required for the principles of shorthand. 
 The vocabulary of more than twenty-two hundred words 
 makes this method of teaching easy and effective. 
 
 Twenty representative lines of business have been selected 
 as a basis for the correspondence division of the book, and 
 the letters, all new and relating to actual transactions, have 
 been contributed by firms, corporations, and institutions of 
 the highest standing. Every letter and exercise has been 
 
 3 
 
4 THE COMPLETE DICTATEK 
 
 carefully edited so as to produce a form that may serve as a 
 model to the student. Business and professional technicali- 
 ties are at all times an important desideratum, and these 
 have been preserved, but good, clean English is equally 
 imperative in the training of youth. Pains have been taken 
 to have the book reflect the latest and best usage in all the 
 technical points of grammar and composition. These in the 
 main will speak for themselves, but attention may be called 
 to the spelling of the word Dictater in the title, which may 
 jar a little at first sight. When it is known, however, that 
 the dictionaries do not give a definition of dictator to meet 
 the requirements of the book — and the common interpreta- 
 tion of that word certainly does not admit of its use here — the 
 license in spelling will be permitted. 
 
 In making acknowledgments for assistance rendered him 
 in the preparation of this course, the compiler and editor 
 finds just discrimination impossible, so many have been the 
 firms, teachers, and personal friends who have contributed. 
 He must content himself, therefore, with a general expres- 
 sion of appreciation to all for the many courtesies extended 
 to him. 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 Part I Letters 
 
 To the Teacher 
 Miscellaneous 
 Banking . 
 Dry Goods 
 Grocery . 
 Lumber . 
 Coal . . 
 Life Insurance 
 Fire Insurance 
 Printing . . . 
 Advertising . 
 
 Page 
 8 
 9 
 15 
 20 
 25 
 30 
 35 
 41 
 47 
 52 
 57 
 
 Real Estate 
 Law . . . 
 Publishing . 
 Contracting 
 Stock Brokerage 
 Education . 
 Railroading . 
 Shipping . . 
 Steel and Iron 
 Motor Cars . 
 Electricity . . 
 
 Part II Legal Forms and Testimony 
 
 To the Teacher . . 
 Bill of Sale . . . 
 Power of Attorney 
 Affidavit .... 
 Lease 
 
 Page 
 
 142 Will . . . . 
 
 143 Bond . . . . 
 
 143 Deed . . . . 
 
 144 Testimony A 
 
 145 Testimony B 
 
 Partnership Agreement 146 
 
 Page 
 
 62 
 
 71 
 
 77 
 
 82 
 
 90 
 
 97 
 
 105 
 
 114 
 
 119 
 
 127 
 
 133 
 
 Page 
 147 
 148 
 149 
 151 
 155 
 
 Page 
 160 
 
 Part I Selected Articles 
 
 Page 
 Making Cities Attractive 166 
 
 The Worlds Paper Con- 
 sumption 167 
 
 A Present Duty ... 168 
 Leisure Hours .... 169 
 The Honored Leading 
 Citizen 170 
 
 To the Teacher . . 
 
 Educating Oneself . . 161 
 
 Stock Market Report . 162 
 Are We Done with the 
 
 Novel 163 
 
 Rice Culture 164 
 
 Bond Salesmen .... 165 
 
6 
 
 THE COMPLETE DICTATED 
 
 Page 
 Weather Warnings . . 171 
 British vs. American 
 
 Artisans 172 
 
 When Shall We Fly . 173 
 Inefficiency of Night 
 
 Work 174 
 
 Courtesy in Business . 175 
 The Dangers of Novel 
 
 Reading 176 
 
 Money Market Report . 177 
 Athletics . ... 178 
 The Summer Vacation 179 
 Things That are Worth 
 
 While 180 
 
 Profit in City Waste . 181 
 The Japanese Industrial 
 
 Policy 182 
 
 The Selfishness of Child 
 
 Labor 183 
 
 Irrigation 184 
 
 Honesty in Business . 185 
 
 Democracy 186 
 
 The Japanese in America 187 
 For American Influence 
 
 in China 188 
 
 National Gratitude . . 189 
 The Art of Conversation 190 
 Against Prison Sight- 
 seeing 191 
 
 Page 
 Jamaica's Future . . . 192 
 Business Conditions of 
 
 Today 193 
 
 The Military Industry 194 
 Hard Lines for the Clerk 195 
 Men of Commanding Per- 
 sonality 196 
 
 Taxation for Education 197 
 Spreading Medical Knowl- 
 edge 198 
 
 College Men and Citizen- 
 ship . . 199 
 
 Education for Business 200 
 Tillage of the Soil . . 201 
 The Trusts and Social- 
 ism 202 
 
 The Borrowed Mirror . 203 
 
 Americanism 204 
 
 Rights and Duties . . 205 
 Centralization in the 
 
 United States ... 206 
 To Make War More 
 
 Horrible 207 
 
 The Degradation of the 
 
 Courts 208 
 
 Christian Citizenship . 209 
 The Authority of the 
 State 210 
 
 Part IV 
 
 Vocabulary 
 
 Pages 
 213-242 
 
PARTI 
 
 Letters 
 
TO THE TEACHER 
 
 In order to make the vocabulary readily accessible, the 
 words to be found there are indicated throughout the exercises 
 by the small superior figure one ; thus 1 . Time should not 
 be wasted, therefore, in looking for words not thus marked. 
 
 In the vocabulary are shown mainly those words which are 
 abbreviated, irregular, or out of accord with established 
 principles. As a rule, the so-called word-signs are omitted, 
 these being generally included in the shorthand text-books 
 and mastered by the student in the theory grade. Some 
 few words are keyed which, though written in full, are 
 found by experience to cause trouble. Many words are 
 indicated many times throughout the book, but a given 
 word is marked only once in the same letter or exercise. 
 Past tenses of verbs when regularly formed, participles, the 
 third person singular indicatives of verbs, and the plurals 
 of nouns have not been keyed when it has been necessary to 
 key the same verb in the present tense and the noun in the 
 singular number. In all other cases the words are to be 
 found in the vocabulary precisely as they appear in the book. 
 
 In counting the words in the letters, only those in the 
 body of the letter have been included. The signs for dollar, 
 per cent., inch, foot, and the like, have been counted as 
 words ; pairs or groups of figures as a single word ; compounds 
 as two words ; in names, each initial as a word. 
 
MISCELLANEOUS 
 
 Mr. Robert Burns 1 , I 
 
 Dallas, Tex. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We wrote you last month in response to your request 
 for extra time on your overdue account, saying that if you 
 would pay half of this by return 1 mail, we would allow you 
 farther time. You have, however, paid no attention to our 
 letter and have not favored us with any remittance 1 . We 
 must ask you to give your account immediate attention, and 
 we will look for your check for the full amount by return 
 
 mail. (76) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Messrs. Grim & Squier 1 , 1 
 
 Moline, 111 1 . 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 Confirming 1 our message of the 11th that we made no 
 shipments of coke to you, we beg to advise you that the 
 reason for this was that we were unable to get box cars. 
 The railroad has been completely tied up, and there was no 
 distribution 1 of this kind of cars for several days prior to the 
 11th. We expect to make you full shipments on Monday 
 and Tuesday next. (70) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Mr. D. S. Ogden, Gen. Agt 1 ., 3 
 
 Mutual 1 Life Insurance 1 Co., 
 Lima, O. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Please send me application 1 blanks and rate books of 
 all your policies. Kindly indicate 1 the cheapest life insur- 
 ance your company writes on a first-class 1 risk. I have three 
 
 9 
 
10 THE COMPLETE DICTATES 
 
 or four men on whom I can place insurance, provided 1 you 
 will allow me a satisfactory 1 commission 1 . Two of them 
 can be examined 1 in Pennsylvania 1 or Ohio. Kindly give 
 me the rate of commission you will allow me on any policies 
 that I may be able to obtain for your company. (80) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Mr. William J. Mellon, 4 
 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We have your favor dated yesterday 1 , and are obliged 
 for check in settlement 1 of car of oats. 
 
 On checking over the empty 1 bags, we find that there 
 were shipped from Lansing 12,229 which, with the 20 you 
 have, make 12,249, whereas the bill of lading calls for 
 12,228. We shall be obliged if you will inform 1 us what 
 receipt you gave the railroad company, in order that we may 
 know whether we have any claim for short 1 delivery. The 
 20 bags you now have are so few that it would not pay to 
 send them on ; therefore, you need not do so. (102) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Nelson 1 Dry Goods Co., 5 
 
 Bath, Me. 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 We have yours of the 18th instant enclosing note due 
 May 1, which you ask us to take in settlement 1 of your 
 account. We regret that we are unable to indulge 1 you 
 in this respect 1 , and in order that the account may be prop- 
 erly 1 attended to, we have placed it with our attorney 1 who, 
 we understand 1 , has forwarded 1 it to his correspondent 1 in 
 Bath. The needs of our business require us to have our 
 outstanding 1 accounts collected 1 , and we cannot extend to 
 customers 1 extra time, even though it be our desire to do 
 so. Being unable to accept the note, we herewith return 1 
 it to you. (106) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
MISCELLANEOUS 11 
 
 Mr. Thomas McCall 1 , 6 
 
 Newport 1 , R. P. 
 Dear Sir: 
 
 We have your favor of the 20th instant relative 1 to 
 your order. In reply we would say that we will ship your 
 goods on thirty days time, if you desire. In making this 
 offer we are acting contrary 1 to our general rule, but we 
 have confidence 1 in you and wish to meet you halfway. Of 
 course, when we have become better 1 acquainted 1 with you, 
 we shall be pleased to extend a proper 1 line of credit. 
 
 Kindly let us know by return 1 mail if you desire us 
 to ship on the terms stated, and we will put your order 
 through promptly 1 . (101) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Mr. F. W. Mayer, 7 
 
 Eiverside 1 , Cal 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We are enclosing a stamped 1 and addressed envelope 1 
 for your convenience 1 in informing 1 us whether the case of 
 linens 1 has yet reached you. On receipt of your letter of 
 October 1 10 stating that the first consignment 1 was prob- 
 ably 1 shipped to Eiverside, Colorado 1 , we at once investi- 
 gated 1 and found this to be the case. We immediately 
 duplicated 1 the order, and hope that you are now in pos- 
 session 1 of the goods. (69) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Adams Express Co., 8 
 
 Maiden, Mass 1 . 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 Please return 1 us the consignment 1 of books made 
 over your line to Mr. Nathan McVey 1 , your city. His name 
 is a very unusual 1 one, and it may be that there was a slight 
 mistake 1 in the address or in your local agent's 1 interpreta- 
 tion 1 of it. A representative 1 of the Adams Express Com- 
 
12 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 pany wrote us on September 1 24 that the goods had been 
 received. We have tried to reach Mr. McVey by mail but 
 without success, as he makes no reply to our letters. 
 
 Please see that the box is addressed to us very care- 
 fully. We enclose label which you will oblige us by attach- 
 ing to it. (105) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Mr. James F. Gleason, 9 
 
 Keene, N. H 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We are this afternoon 1 in receipt of the enclosed letter 
 from Mr. Bishop 1 . We are writing him today that you are 
 on a trip and may be able to visit him the latter part of 
 next week. Kindly advise him and, at the sametime, 
 acknowledge 1 receipt of this to us. Mr. Bishop says that he 
 is rated by Dun at $75,000, and is one of our regular 1 cus- 
 tomers 1 . It is true we are selling to him, but his payments 
 are slower 1 than we desire. 
 
 We are totally 1 unacquainted 1 with Mr. Martin 1 
 whom Mr. Bishop purposes 1 taking into partnership 1 with 
 him. It is possible Mr. Martin may bring money to the 
 business ; but, of course, if you take orders from them, you 
 will have to use your judgment in making terms. (131) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Messrs. Glenn & Taylor 1 , io 
 
 Reno, Nev. \/ 
 
 Dear Sirs : / 
 
 From what Mr. Pierce has reported to us, we have 
 been encouraged to believe 1 that you will soon lay in a stock 
 of our paints 1 and push their sale. The purpose 1 of this 
 communication 1 is to remind you of the matter and to 
 express the pleasure we should feel were you to engage 
 actively 1 in the sale of these goods. When a dealer 1 carries 
 a stock of our brand of paint and interests himself in its 
 
MISCELLANEOUS 13 
 
 sale, he is enabled not only to build up a good trade in a 
 short 1 time, but to establish 1 a permanent 1 business. It 
 will give us great pleasure to fill a first order for you in the 
 near future. (115) 
 
 Yours respectfully, 
 
 Mr. G. W. Browning, 1 1 
 
 Fargo, N. Dak 1 . 
 My dear Mr. Browning : 
 
 I acknowledge 1 receipt of your favor of the 1st instant, 
 and am obliged toyou for the interest 1 you display in my 
 personal 1 welfare. Just at present, I regret to say, there is 
 no possibility 1 of my doing anything in your interest with 
 the railroad company. I will keep your correspondence 1 
 before me, however, and if anything arises whereby I may 
 be able to use your services, I will advise you farther. (72) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Mr. George 1 Cramp, 12 
 
 Kane, Pa 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We have your favor of the 7th inst. asking us to 
 hurry forward 1 shipments of coal. We have been very 
 short 1 of cars, but shipped you one yesterday 1 , and will try 
 to ship you another this week. Will you please see the 
 railroad company at your end of the line and find out if they 
 will allow you to have the large steel cars placed on your 
 siding? If so, we shall be able to arrange for your plant 
 satisfactorily 1 . (80) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. John Lodge, 13 
 
 Eacine, Wis 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 As you did not honor our sight-draft made on you 
 sometime 1 ago, covering the amount of your overdue account 
 
14 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 for $14.85, and as we have written you several letters since 
 that time asking for remittance 1 , and have not heard from 
 you, we beg to advise you that unless this account is settled 
 within the next five days, we shall be obliged to place it in 
 our attorney's 1 hands for collection 1 . We hope this course 
 will not be necessary. (80) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 L. K. Slifer, Esq 1 ., 14 
 
 Freeport 1 , 111 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We are in receipt of a letter today from Mr. F. W. 
 Kelly regarding a small claim we have against the National 1 
 Mining Company. He asks us to join with the rest of the 
 creditors 1 and pool our interests 1 , and place the property 1 in 
 the hands of a trustee. We therefore give you authority 1 to 
 act in our behalf 1 , as we are perfectly 1 willing to enter into 
 an arrangement 1 of this kind, provided 1 it will give us the 
 best results 1 . (80) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Messrs. Bryan & Fields, 15 
 
 Ithaca, N. Y 1 . 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 I have your letter enclosing contracts as stated. 
 These papers I have signed and herewith return 1 one with 
 my check, dated November 1 1, for $1500 in favor of Day & 
 Williams. You are expected 1 to see that Mr. Day furnishes 1 
 an equivalent 1 in cash or grain. Do not take anything from 
 him in the way of merchandise 1 except grain that he may 
 have in his elevator 1 at actual 1 out-going weights. You 
 must not invoice his stock on hand at in-coming weights. 
 
 I trust that you will have a successful 1 season 1 and 
 
 that the interests 1 of all concerned will be well looked after. 
 
 Yours truly, (105) 
 
BANKING 
 
 A. G. Myers, Esq 1 ., Cashier 1 , 16 
 
 Citizens 1 National Bank, 
 
 Concord 1 , N. C 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 In reply to yours of the 11th inst. t we beg to say that 
 our facilities 1 for collecting items on points named in your 
 letter are very satisfactory 1 . If we anticipate 1 a change in 
 the future, it will give us pleasure to take up the matter 
 with your bank. (48) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 William H. Peck, Esq 1 ., Cashier 1 , 17 
 
 Third National Bank, 
 
 Scran ton 1 , Pa 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 You are holding for our account a draft 1 on the 
 Babcock 1 & Berkley 1 Co., of your city, with bill of lading 
 attached 1 , for $438.72. We are instructed 1 by our cus- 
 tomer 1 to advise you to notify 1 Messrs. Rosenblack 1 & 
 Quimby 1 , of your city, of this draft, and upon the payment 
 of the same to deliver to them the draft and bill of lading 
 attached thereto. Your kind attention will oblige us. (72) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Henry S. Kromer, Esq 1 ., Sec 1 ., 18 
 
 Steel Building and Loan Asssociation 1 , 
 Hartford 1 , Conn 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We enclose herewith power of attorney 1 executed 1 
 by Charles Kelley, transferring 1 to us 10 shares of the capi- 
 tal 1 stock of the Steel Building and Loan Association, 12th 
 
 15 
 
16 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 series. Please note this transfer on your books and advise 
 us as to the withdrawal 1 value of the stock, and also 
 whether the same is paid in full to this date. Please give 
 the bearer 1 a letter stating that the assignment 1 has been 
 made on the books to our order. (77) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 J. P. Keed, Esq., Cashier 1 , 19 
 
 Atchison 1 National Bank, 
 Atchison, Kans 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 John T. Mertz & Son telephoned 1 us this morning 
 that they would pay the drafts 1 drawn on them by the 
 Miller Grain and Flour Co., of $75.50 and $95.60, only 
 upon arrival 1 of cars. Shall we hold these drafts or return 
 them to you? We advised you yesterday 1 that we had 
 charged 1 them back and entered 1 the same for collection 1 . 
 Your early advice will be appreciated 1 . (70) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 E. V. Baker, Esq 1 ., 20 
 
 Wilmington 1 , Del 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We enclose herewith for collection 1 and remittance 1 
 draft 1 drawn by Holland 1 & Newman on J. M. Pierce, 
 Newark 1 , Del., for $25.30, with papers attached, which 
 please surrender 1 upon payment. You will note from the 
 correspondence 1 that Holland & Newman's check No. 50132, 
 drawn to the order of J. M. Pierce, was received and cashed 
 by Mr. Pierce, although 1 it did not belong to him. The 
 object in drawing the draft is to enable Holland & Newman 
 to be reimbursed 1 for the amount. (84) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
BANKING 17 
 
 G. E. Bradfield 1 , Esq 1 ., 21 
 
 Annapolis, Md l . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Messrs. Hall & Evans have had an account with us 
 for over twenty years, and it has been uniformly 1 satisfac- 
 tory 1 during all that time. They are doing an extensive 1 
 business and stand in good credit both in the trade and 
 with us. They are prompt in meeting their obligations 1 , 
 and we have every reason to believe that they will success- 
 fully 1 carry out any business engagements 1 that they may 
 feel like assuming. (71) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 W. P. Barnes, Esq 1 ., 22 
 
 Augusta, Me. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We have your favor of December 1 5 relative 1 to 
 extending courtesies 1 to Mr. Frank H. Bean, one of your 
 customers 1 , and at present a student 1 in the department 1 of 
 medicine 1 at Columbia 1 University 1 . We have suggested 
 to Mr. Bean the propriety 1 of opening a check account with 
 us, and he has the matter under consideration. (55) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Mr. Henry E. Litchford 1 , 23 
 
 Raleigh, N. C 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Your letter of June 17 reached us this morning. 
 We notice that you have charged 1 $1.25 exchange 1 , although 
 the item was payable without exchange. Please remit us 
 this amount. 
 
 We desire to call your attention, as per the enclosed 
 envelope 1 , to the fact that the original 1 letter was addressed 
 to the " Continental m National Bank, and, of course, was 
 
18 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 not delivered to us. It appears that you then mailed it 
 without any postage 1 , as we received a notice to send two 
 cents to the postmaster 1 , when a letter addressed to us 
 would be forwarded 1 . For your inspection 1 , we enclose 
 both envelopes in this transaction 1 . (105) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 The Union Bank of England, Ltd., 24 
 
 London, Eng. 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 Referring to the 60-day sight-draft of Messrs. Nor- 
 cross 1 & Black on your goodselves for £507-8 6, we beg to 
 advise you that of this amount £500 is the full amount of 
 letter of credit No. 3756 dated London, November 1 25, 1906. 
 The balance, £7-8-6, we are paying upon the responsibility 1 
 of the drawers, and we hereby give you our guarantee 1 
 pending confirmation 1 of the same, which we have asked 
 for from your London office. We have forwarded 1 to you 
 invoice and bill of lading in duplicate for three cases of 
 leather per S. S. Celtic for London for account of Messrs. 
 Warren 1 & Strang, by whom the insurance 1 is to be 
 effected 1 . (116) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 T. W. Hill, Esq 1 ., Cashier 1 , 25 
 
 Cleveland 1 National Bank, 
 Cleveland, O. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We sent you by express on November 1 23 for collec- 
 tion 1 , a draft 1 on W. S. McCauley 1 & Sons for $955.20 for a 
 $1000 bond of the Cleveland, Elyria 1 and Western 1 Rail- 
 way Co., attached 1 thereto. W T e are without return for 
 this collection and are at a loss to understand 1 the delay, as 
 McCauley & Sons advised us that they were prepared 1 to 
 
BANKING 19 
 
 pay the draft upon demand. Our customer 1 is daily asking 
 information as to the disposition 1 of the draft, and we are 
 anxious 1 to accommodate 1 him. Kindly wire us on Mon- 
 day morning as to the situation 1 , and oblige (101) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Mr. Leonard 1 C. McCanu, 26 
 
 Meadville, Pa 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 In reply to yours of the 3d iust. regarding a loan, we 
 beg to say that as a national bank we cannot handle mort- 
 gages 1 or real estate securities 1 as collateral 1 for loans. The 
 endorsers 1 you speak of we cannot pass on until you fur- 
 nish 1 us with their names and addresses. It is the same 
 with a judgment note as with the real estate securities ; our 
 committee 1 would not accept a note of that character 1 for 
 discount. (76) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Miss Amanda V. Cronin, 27 
 
 Virginia City 1 , Nev. 
 Dear Madam : 
 
 We are obliged to remind you that your account is 
 again overdrawn 1 , this time to the extent of $25.10. Please 
 present yourself at the bank before three o'clock tomorrow 
 and pay this overdraft 1 , or see that funds to this amount are 
 sent to us by that time. We must caution you against a 
 recurrence 1 of this act, as it not only causes us inconven- 
 ience 1 and annoyance, but it prejudices 1 you in the opinion 
 of the bank. While we are anxious 1 to retain your account, 
 we must insist that you preserve 1 a larger balance with us 
 than you have done during the past year. (104) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
DRY GOODS 
 
 Messrs. Maxwell 1 & Bro., 28 
 
 Buffalo 1 , N, Y 1 . 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 In reply to your complaint 1 of January 1 3, we w r ould 
 state that the mills are doing everything possible to ship 
 your goods on order by the end of this month. Cards for 
 the various 1 styles go to you today. 
 
 Concerning your order for draperies 1 , we would say 
 that we have advices from the mills this morning that two 
 cases of taffetas 1 have been shipped to you. The balance 1 
 will be shipped as fast as possible. (75) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Mr. Bernard 1 Kincade 1 , 29 
 
 Washington 1 , D. C 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Your favors of the 3d and 5th are at hand. Regard- 
 ing the sample cards of 4/4 silkalines 1 received by you and 
 which you stated you did not order, we would say that we 
 have fully investigated 1 this matter and find that the cards 
 were intended 1 for J. H. Harkins 1 , Chicago 1 ; so if you will 
 please forward 1 the cards to this firm at our expense 1 , we 
 shall be very much obliged. 
 
 Regarding the light and dark percales 1 which you 
 refer to in your letter of the 5th, we would state that the 
 price is now 8| cents, less 10 and 5%. 
 
 The writer will be in your city in the course of a few 
 days, and will take pleasure in calling on you and showing 
 the stock now on hand. (130) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 20 
 
DRY GOODS 21 
 
 Messrs. Norton 1 & Ott, 30 
 
 Providence 1 , R. I 1 . 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 We wish to inform 1 you that you will not receive 
 the following cases : B G F 19778, P Q R 20643, and 
 G H F 14325. We have secured 1 , however, another 1 case 
 of P L T and are glad to say that it is a better assortment 1 
 than the cases you will not receive. Cards of this style 
 will go to you today, together with cards of 44 7/ mohair 1 , 
 the price of which is 27 J cents net. We have ordered the 
 case of P L T to be shipped to you at once. If this is not 
 entirely 1 satisfactory 1 to you, please wire us promptly 1 on 
 receipt of this letter, and return the card. (115) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Messrs. Sylvester & Bros., 31 
 
 Minneapolis, Minn. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We have yours of the 5th stating that you are not 
 interested 1 in the samples 1 of dress goods sent you. We do 
 not understand 1 what you mean. The cards representing 1 
 MTU 14441 and T I H 17865 are shorts 1 in place of four 
 cases, of seconds selected 1 by you, which we cannot deliver. 
 They are better assortments 1 , and we do not see why you 
 should not accept them. It is probably 1 too late to stop 
 shipment of these goods, and when received by you, please 
 hold the goods subject to our orders. (94) 
 
 Yours very truly, r^ 
 
 The Holland 1 & Logan Merchandise 1 Co., 32 
 
 Jersey City 1 , N. J 1 . 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 Referring to your letter of the 8th and our reply of 
 the 10th, we would say that we find after going into the 
 matter thoroughly 1 that the 100 pieces of C W cashmere 1 
 
22 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 shipped to you with the wrong ticket, were packed by the 
 print department 1 in Columbus 1 last May, and are not 
 ticketed with your special numbers. This accounts for the 
 mistake 1 , and we do not think that the mills will make any 
 mistakes of this kind in the future. As soon as the goods 
 reach us, we will forward them to the print department 1 
 and have them reticketed according to your wishes. (104) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Mr. Andrew Hancock 1 , 33 
 
 Newark 1 , N. J 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We have been advised by our representative 1 in your 
 city that you have not yet received the batiste 1 ordered a 
 week ago. We are pleased to say that the last ten cases of 
 these goods were shipped to you on the 10th inst. The 
 shipping receipt showing the date on which the goods were 
 forwarded 1 , is enclosed, and it would have been sent earlier 1 
 except for a clerical 1 error 1 in the record which had to be 
 corrected 1 . We feel sure that the case of batiste will reach 
 you within the next forty-eight hours ; if it does not, advise 
 us, and we will start 1 a tracer after it. (108) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 The Bullock & Hamilton 1 Co., 34 
 
 Milwaukee 1 , Wis 1 . 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 We have been requested 1 by a number of our custom- 
 ers 1 to place orders for them for next fall's R T fleece. 
 Although we have received your letter of the 1st informing 1 
 us that you would not make this style this year, we think 
 that if you could fill the orders we have thus far received 
 for these goods, it would be very helpful to us in securing 1 
 orders for other lines : therefore, we have neither refused 1 nor 
 
DRY GOODS 23 
 
 accepted the orders received for these goods. Please let us 
 know what you will do in this matter so that we can make 
 proper 1 disposition 1 of the orders. (105) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. Edwin 1 E. Hadley, 35 
 
 New Orleans 1 , La 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 In your favor of the 21st, received today from our 
 Pittsburgh 1 office, you request 1 us to book you for the follow- 
 ing crepes 1 ; namely, shade G, 75 pieces ; R, 100 pieces ; 
 T, 40 pieces ; and W, 50 pieces. We do not know whether 
 you intend 1 these for an entirely 1 new order or not, and 
 therefore write to ask if such is the case. In this connec- 
 tion 1 , also, we would state that the price of these crepes is 
 now 11 cents, less 5 and 2 J % . 
 
 Kindly let us hear from you in regard to this matter 
 at your earliest 1 convenience 1 , and oblige (101) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Messrs. Canby & Gibbons 1 , 36 
 
 Cincinnati 1 , O. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 Please forward 1 at once all of the quality 1 1820 
 batiste 1 , and also send immediately all percales 1 and wash 
 goods that may be on order in your different departments 1 . 
 
 As yet we have received none of the grays in the 
 RML mohair 1 . We are needing these, as well as the flan- 
 nellets 1 , to complete orders now on hand, and would ask that 
 you ship us some of these goods without delay. 
 
 We are returning by express today two pieces of B R 
 art drapery 1 , which you will see are narrow 1 widths 1 and 
 have nail holes driven 1 through the folds. Please send us 
 credit for these goods, and oblige ( 108) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
24 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 Messrs. Adams & Barnes 1 , 37 
 
 San Francisco 1 , Cal 1 . 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We note by your letter of the 10th that you will get 
 style 1844 creton 1 tapestry 1 . Our intention 1 was that you 
 should purchase 1 taffeta 1 , not tapestry. If our letter did 
 not say so, it was probably 1 an error 1 on the part of the 
 stenographer 1 . 
 
 We are holding, subject to your shipping instruc- 
 tions 1 , cases 10765, 12347, 14755, containing organdies 1 , and 
 as we have not received any information from you as to the 
 disposition 1 of these goods, we call your attention to them, 
 and request that you favor us with a prompt reply. (91) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Walter E. Parker & Sons Co., 38 
 
 Louisville 1 , Ky 1 . 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 We note that the shipping department 1 has invoiced 
 case 38764, B W, as being held for Duncan 1 & Company, 
 while we find that the mill's invoice states that this case 
 was packed for P. T. Whitman 1 . We are asking the ship- 
 ping department to send you corrected 1 invoice. 
 
 Eegarding the delivery of style 1609 challis 1 , we are 
 unable to give you any definite 1 information at the present 
 writing. We will try to find out from the mill what de- 
 liveries can be made and will then advise you. 
 
 Attached 1 you will find your letter from the H. T. 
 Butler 1 Company regarding their order for plaids. Accord- 
 ing to our records, their shade 1020 has been completed. 
 We will do all we can to hasten the remainder 1 of their ini- 
 tial 1 assortment 1 , and expect it to be completed within the 
 next week or two. At the present writing, however, we 
 can do nothing to expedite 1 the shipment of their second 
 assortment. (156) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
GROCERY 
 
 Messrs. Doyle & Magill, 39 
 
 Hamilton 1 , O. 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 Replying to your letter of the 8th instant, we wish to 
 say that your inference 1 is correct 1 with reference to the lot 
 of gallon peaches turned over to us by Mr. Eing. These 
 goods were originally 1 shipped to Bower &Co., of this city, 
 from whom they were transferred 1 to us, we agreeing to 
 sell the lot and pay the bill ; but certain lines were not 
 entirely 1 satisfactory 1 . We are today making shipment of a 
 second lot of samples to Mr. Timms in order that he may 
 accurately 1 know the character 1 of the fruit. When the 
 balance 1 is removed, we will pay for what we have sold. 
 The freight upon the lot has been paid. (115) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 The Russell 1 Grocery 1 Company, 40 
 
 Boston, Mass 1 . 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 Concerning the subject of your letter of February 1 
 19, we wish to say that it has ever been our disposition 1 to 
 do a reasonable amount of business with your house, and 
 the fact that the account has run below what you consider 
 the proper 1 amount to warrant 1 the discount you have been 
 allowing us, is not entirely 1 our fault. We have been put- 
 ting forth our best efforts to increase our purchases 1 , but 
 without material 1 result. We have frequently 1 called the 
 attention of your local representative 1 to this matter, but 
 even this has not bettered the situation 1 between us. To 
 withhold 1 the difference between 1 10% and what we have 
 been receiving as a discount, may appear to you to be the 
 proper course ; nevertheless 1 , it will place us at a decided 
 
 25 
 
26 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 disadvantage 1 in a competitive 1 sense in the distribution 1 
 of the goods you make. If you really wish us to do a 
 larger business with you, do you not think there is a better 
 method of effecting 1 this desirable end than by cutting our 
 discount ? We shall be pleased to hear further from you. 
 
 Very truly yours, (184) 
 
 Messrs. Parvin 1 & Miles, 41 
 
 Albany 1 , N. Y. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We have your letter this morning to our Mr. Steel, 
 also memorandum 1 bills covering three dozen boxes of 
 Wash-Easy 1 Compound 1 delivered to our store sometime 1 
 since. These have been placed prominently 1 upon our 
 counters 1 , but we are sorry to say that, up to the present 
 time, no sales of any consequence 1 have been made. Possi- 
 bly a little later on we shall dispose of the compound more 
 freely. (68) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Mr. Joseph E. Lennig, 42 
 
 Princeton 1 , N. J 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We have your letter dated 19th instant, and gather 
 therefrom that it is not your purpose 1 , owing to receipt of 
 our letter of Saturday, to do any further hauling. From 
 the standpoint 1 of good business, we wrote you about a 
 reduction 1 in the rate of hauling on the strength of a better 
 rate having been made to us by another 1 person. It was 
 not our intention 1 to have one of your competitors 1 do this 
 work for us, but if a price of five cents per hundred was 
 being made in Princeton, we felt we were entitled 1 to it. If 
 another responsible 1 person was ready to do the business for 
 this rate, it was certainly 1 our duty to ask you whether you 
 were in a position to meet it. W T e are sending our shipments 
 to you, as has been our custom, and we expect 1 to pay the 
 
GROCERY 27 
 
 same rate as formerly 1 ; therefore, we trust there will be no 
 delay in the delivery of these lots. It is onr intention to 
 continue 1 our business relations 1 with you, but when prices 
 of hauling decline, we shall expect to reap the benefit 1 . 
 
 Very truly yours, (188) 
 
 Mrs. William Siddons, 43 
 
 Allentown, Pa 1 . 
 Dear Madam : 
 
 In accordance 1 with your order, we will ship you 
 today the box of Lenox soap and twenty-five packages of 
 Snow Boy powder. We are very glad to receive these small 
 orders from you, and hope to have the pleasure of supplying 
 your larger needs from time to time. 
 
 At present we have an especially 1 good trade on 
 canned vegetables 1 , and take the liberty to quote you as 
 follows : 
 
 Wigwam 1 peas, very good quality doz. $0.95 
 A. D. spinach 1 , fancy 1 " 1.65 
 
 Ironstone 1 string beans, good " .90 
 
 Marked corn, crushed " .87J 
 
 Autumn lima beans " 1.35 
 
 Kidly advise us if there are any other items upon 
 which you wish quotations, and we shall be pleased to sub- 
 mit them. (122) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mrs. F. M. Matlack 1 , 44 
 
 Alton, 111 1 . 
 Dear Madam : 
 
 We are very much gratified 1 with the generous 1 treat- 
 ment accorded our Mr. Penton in Lakewood 1 the past few 
 days, and wish to thank you for the assistance 1 rendered 
 him. 
 
 We have taken the liberty, in the order given him, 
 of increasing the quantity 1 of vinegar 1 from five gallons to 
 
28 THE COMPLETE DICTATES 
 
 sixteen gallons. If at the end of the season yon have any 
 quantity of vinegar on hand and wish to return 1 it, we 
 shall be glad to pay the return freight charges 1 and render 
 you the proper 1 credit. These sixteen-gallon kegs are 
 original 1 packages, and while we might fill a five-gallon 
 keg specially for you, we find that invariably 1 such packages 
 arrive at destination 1 in bad condition. We sometimes 1 
 ship five-gallon jugs, but they are not satisfactory 1 either as 
 they are frequently 1 broken in transit 1 and thus entail a 
 loss. We hope our action in this matter will be satisfac- 
 tory. (152) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. Oliver N. Crawford, 45 
 
 Brockton, Mass 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Your bill for goods shipped to you on August 7 has 
 been handed to me by Mr. Mayer, with the information 
 that the flour and sugar 1 arrived in an unsatisfactory 1 con- 
 dition, that considerable flour was lost in transit 1 , and that 
 the sugar was wet. Whatever loss or damage you have sus- 
 tained 1 in this respect 1 , we shall be happy to assume, but 
 we trust the goods were signed for as being in this damaged 
 condition, thereby enabling us to have the railroad com- 
 pany reimburse 1 us. 
 
 Mr. Mayer also states that you complained of the 
 prices being high and that you did not receive jobbing fig- 
 ures, as you understood 1 would be the case. In reply to 
 this we would say that we have been remarkably 1 liberal in 
 this particular. The tomatoes sent were the finest 1 the 
 writer ever saw, a grade that today we can sell in hundred 1 - 
 case lots at $2 per dozen. The olives were what are known 
 as 90's, absolutely 1 the very best we can buy in the olive 
 line, and which in casks are quoted at the present time at 
 $1.46. Ours are purchased 1 on a lower basis naturally 1 , but 
 they net us a very small margin 1 of profit. The pails them- 
 
GROCERY 29 
 
 selves cost us twenty-three cents. Had we not charged 1 
 the twenty-five cents for the pails, which is usual, our loss 
 on that particular item would hava been eleven cents. 
 With respect to vegetables 1 , soaps, sugar, etc 1 , these were 
 billed to you absolutely upon a jobbing basis, and we note 
 that the price charged you for the Oleine soap is ten cents 
 below today's jobbing basis for that grade of soap. 
 
 When again in this city, kindly call to see us and 
 give us an opportunity to discuss with you more fully the 
 question 1 of prices. (302) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mrs. G. L. Knox, 46 
 
 Alameda 1 , Cal 1 . 
 Dear Madam : 
 
 I respectfully 1 submit below prices for your consider- 
 ation, and will call to see you on Monday, September 1 25 : 
 
 Granulated 1 sugar 1 , per bbl $5.00 
 
 Casco coffee, per lb 18 
 
 Tea, mixed " 23 
 
 Rice, " • 05J 
 
 Rolled oats by bbl 4.60 
 
 Barley 1 , per hhd 2.25 
 
 Shredded wheat biscuit, per case 4.75 
 
 Triscuit, per case 2.40 
 
 Casco flour, per bbl 5.25 
 
 Hams, per lb , . .12 
 
 - Bacon, " 12| 
 
 Macaroni 1 , per lb , 05 J 
 
 Hominy 1 grits, per lb 04 
 
 Dried lima beans, per lb 06f 
 
 Philadelphia Oleine soap, per box 2.05 
 
 Baking powder, 5-lb. cans 60 
 
 Surprise catsup 1 , per doz 1.00 
 
 Hoping there are some items on this list that will 
 appeal to you, I remain (132) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
LUMBER 
 
 The William Miller Contracting 1 Co., 47 
 
 49 State Street, 
 
 Boston, Mass 1 . 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We enclose you herewith our list of flooring on hand. 
 Please look this over carefully and see if you cannot find on 
 it something you can use. We have several hundred thous- 
 and feet of \\ ,f lumber from which we could manufacture 1 
 1 \ ff flooring. This stock was sawed to make 2\ f/ face floor- 
 ing, and as it is of exceptionally 1 good quality 1 , it will run 
 largely to clear and long lengths. Our flooring is manu- 
 factured in a first-class 1 modern 1 plant and by skilled work- 
 men. We give our personal attention to every detail from 
 the stump to the final loading of the finished 1 product in the 
 car. Please let us hear from you. (114) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Messrs. Yard 1 & Keid, 48 
 
 Atlanta 1 , Ga 1 . 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 We have your favor of the 17th inst., and in reply 
 regret 1 to say that we doubt very much if we could make 
 shipment during March of the stock you require. We could 
 get out the select 1 stock and the Nos. 1 and 2, but doubt if 
 we could send forward 1 all the shop grade within that time. 
 We presume the lumber would be wanted for vessel ship- 
 ment. We make you, however, prices net to us of $23 
 f . o. b. mill on shop lumber, $32.50 for the select, and $36.50 
 for the Nos. 1 and 2. You understand 1 you would have to 
 add your commission 1 to these prices. (112) 
 Yours truly, 
 30 
 
T" 
 
 LUMBER 31 
 
 Messrs. Newell & Dillon, 49 
 
 50 Broadway, 
 
 New York 1 , N. Y. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We are in receipt of your letter of the 20th relative 1 
 to our quotation of recent date on car of 4/4 No. 1 common 
 and better chestnut 1 lumber, and in reply we beg to advise 
 you that we have received orders for several cars of this stock 
 recently 1 , but we shall be glad to have you send us your 
 order for a car for shipment during the next two or three 
 weeks. Practically 1 all our chestnut lumber is loaded on 
 the W. Ya. & P. division of the B. & O., which takes a 
 special rate of 24c. on chestnut lumber to New York for 
 B. & O. or P. & R. delivery. We are not in position to make 
 Pennsylvania 1 delivery either in New York or Hoboken 1 , 
 N. J 1 . Our rate to Hoboken for P, &R. R. R. or A. C. R. R. 
 delivery is 18^c, or 5lc. below the New York rate ; there- 
 fore, you may deduct 1 from the prices quoted $1.75 for ship- 
 ment to Hoboken, N. J. (169) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Keys Planing Mill Co., 50 
 
 Graham 1 , Ya 1 . 
 (Gentlemen : 
 
 In reference to the boards 1 referred to in your letter 
 of the 8th, we would say that they are from sides of bill 
 timber, and while kiln dried, the lengths do not run as well 
 to 16 ft. as the North Carolina 1 stock. The widths 1 are 4" 
 and up, but that kind of lumber does not run heavily to 
 stock widths. We hardly know just how the grade would 
 run, but should imagine 1 about 75% No. 4 and 25% No. 3, 
 according to the North Carolina Association 1 grading. We 
 could put a sample shipment in a car with flooring stock or 
 ship a small car itself, if you desire. 
 
 We note the prices you can afford 1 to pay for ceiling 
 and flooring, and should be glad to have an order for such 
 
32 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 stock, as we have a large supply on hand and are anxious 1 
 to move it. We do not have on hand much 7/16 No. 2 com- 
 mon ceiling, but are making it constantly 1 , so could give 
 fairly prompt delivery. It would give us pleasure to receive 
 your order for a sample car each of grade flooring and of 7/16 
 ceiling, mostly No. 1 common, if you can favor us with the 
 
 same. (205) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 The Walnut Lumber Co. , 51 
 
 Richmond, Va. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 Your order No. 622 is in hand. We will have this 
 cypress 1 lumber selected so that it will all be of good grade, 
 but we should like very much to know the purpose 1 for 
 which this stock is wanted. With this information before 
 us we should be better able to furnish 1 just what the firm 
 wants. We think it well to hold this order until advised by 
 you. As this is new trade, we want to give a good deal of 
 attention to it, and we do not want to make any mistake 1 in 
 shipping what may prove to be unsatisfactory 1 . (101) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Messrs. C. B. Hay ward 1 & Co., 52 
 
 Emporium 1 , Pa 1 . 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We are in receipt of your favor of the 14th inst. , and 
 in reply beg to say that we have no stock from which we 
 could furnish 1 you 9000 ft. 2 x 4" in either birch 1 or maple, 
 unless we were to pick it out of stock of all widths 1 piled 
 together. If you will advise us by return 1 mail or wire us, 
 we can get out this amount of birch for you and ship it in 
 the rough at $20 per M delivered on Philadelphia 1 rate of 
 freight, but we would have to know at once, as we are now 
 about to ship several cars of 2" birch and could at the same- 
 time pick out widths which would make 2 x 4". 
 
LUMBER 33 
 
 We could furnish you with 3 x 4" beech hearts at 
 $16.50 delivered in the rough on Philadelphia rate of freight. 
 These are excellent 1 stock, cut last winter from the hearts 
 of sound beech timber, and are thoroughly 1 seasoned 1 . 
 
 We thank you for your inquiry 1 , and shall be pleased 
 
 to have your order for either of the above-mentioned stock. 
 
 Yours truly, (189) 
 
 Messrs. Brice Bros., 53 
 
 Thomasville 1 , Ga 1 . 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 Replying to your kind favor of the 11th inst., we 
 regret 1 that we do not see our way to quote on your inquiry 1 . 
 Our boards 1 , as you will note by list, are made random 1 or 
 promiscuous 1 widths 1 , as well as lengths, and it would not 
 be practicable 1 for us to furnish 1 stated widths and lengths 
 as you have specified. We shall be glad to have your order 
 for any of our regular 1 grades of boards, dressed in any way 
 you may prefer 1 . If you can use our quotations in this way, 
 kindly let us know. (95) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Ward Lumber Co. , 54 
 
 Lynchburg 1 , Va 1 . 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We are in the market for a number of cars of 4-ft. 
 standard 1 plastering 1 lath, either hard or soft wood, and 
 should like to have your best prices on the same. We can 
 place an immediate order for one million feet, provided 
 price is right, if you can guarantee 1 delivery of the whole 
 within ninety days of receipt of order. 
 
 We also have orders on file for ten or twelve cars from 
 various customers 1 , for prompt delivery. If you have any 
 lath at all, either in small or large lots, we should like to 
 hear from you. When quoting prices, please be sure to 
 mention the kind of lath you are offeriDg, how many you 
 
34 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 have, how soon you can ship, and on what railroad. All 
 prices must be f . o. b. cars, Buffalo 1 . (135) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 John Morgan's Sons Co., 55 
 
 Norfolk 1 , Va 1 . 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We have the following red oak wood which we must 
 move promptly, and take the liberty of quoting f . o. b. your 
 rate of freight for immediate acceptance 1 , and subject to 
 prior sale, as follows : 
 
 I car 4/4 No. 1 common red oak $35.50 
 
 i car 4/4, l's and 2's red oak ....... 45.50 
 
 1 large car 6/4 common and better red oak . 37.50 
 1 small car 6/4 common red oak 24.50 
 
 The 4/4 and 6/4 stocks are piled at different points, 
 and therefore cannot be shipped in mixed cars of the two 
 thicknesses 1 . The stock is well manufactured 1 , runs good 
 widths 1 , regular 1 standard 1 lengths, and is in shipping-dry 
 condition. We hope you can send us an order. (122) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Hilton 1 & Dodge Lumber Co., 56 
 
 Savannah, Ga 1 . 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We enclose herewith a specification 1 which is for a 
 low grade lumber to be used under the water, and the firm 
 concerned want to get the cheapest material 1 that will 
 answer the purpose 1 . It is for work on the Champlain 1 
 canal for large contractors 1 , and is cash business. We think 
 it best to quote f. o. b. vessel, New York, letting them 
 attend to the lightering 1 beyond Albany, as we understand 
 sail vessels cannot go up that far on account of shallow 1 
 water, (82) 
 
 Yours trutyj 
 
COAL 
 
 Poughkeepsie 1 Glass Co., 57 
 
 Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 
 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 We take pleasure in naming you a price on Clearfield 1 
 
 3/4 gas coal of $3.35 per gross ton alongside 1 your dock. In 
 
 this quotation we have included for ourselves 4c. per ton 
 
 brokerage, as we are very anxious 1 to secure your business. 
 
 Our principals, the Allegheny 1 and Western 1 Coal Co., 
 
 have made this proposition 1 subject to prior sale. The above 
 
 price would figure back to $1.40 per gross ton at mines for 
 
 shipments all-rail to your plant at Poughkeepsie, on the 
 
 usual rate of freight. This quotation is also made subject to 
 
 advance or decline in railroad freight rates. It is expected 1 
 
 that railroad freights will advance 5c. per ton about the 1st 
 
 of May. (121) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 \ 
 
 Mrs. N. L. Weeks, 58 
 
 234 South Third Street, 
 
 Wilkes-Barre 1 , Pa 1 . 
 Dear Madam : 
 
 The policy inaugurated 1 some years ago by the large 
 anthracite 1 coal-mining companies, of naming the lowest 
 price on household 1 sizes of coal in April of each year and 
 adding to this 10 cents per ton on May 1 and an additional 1 
 10 cents per ton for each month thereafter 1 to September 1 1, 
 inclusive, will again be followed this year. We cannot, 
 therefore, too strongly urge 1 our customers 1 to purchase their 
 supplies of coal during the month of April, and thereby 
 secure the lowest price. For April deliveries of broken, egg, 
 stove, and nut sizes, we quote $6.50 per ton of 2240 pounds, 
 
 35 
 
36 THE COMPLETE DICTATES 
 
 This price is based upon chute deliveries, there being an 
 additional charge of 25 cents per ton if coal is carried or 
 wheeled 1 into the bin. 
 
 Years of experience enable us to meet the require- 
 ments of the family trade with respect 1 to quality 1 of coal 
 and proper 1 preparation 1 ; and, having yards in the various 
 sections of the city, we can insure prompt deliveries. (168) 
 Very respectfully yours, 
 
 Central 1 Coal Mining Co., 59 
 
 Lykens 1 , Pa. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We confirm 1 telegram 1 sent direct 1 to you by H. 
 Lubins, suspending 1 consignments 1 to the Harrison Iron 
 Works for the remainder 1 of this week, shipments to be 
 resumed 1 next week at the rate of 25 cars per week. 
 
 Messrs. Wills' Sons & Co. have complained several 
 times recently of the condition of the pea coal shipped them. 
 As they are one of our best customers 1 we must ask that you 
 do not ship any more to them except it be in good condition. 
 
 It seems to us that the matter of the siding dispute 
 
 with the Delaware 1 and Hudson Railroad Co. could be 
 
 adjusted 1 better from your office than from here. You must 
 
 remember that we sell the company considerable tonnage, 
 
 and while they need not be handled 1 with undue courtesy 1 , 
 
 yet it might be just as well to concede some of the minor 
 
 points. (154) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. I. N. Gessler 1 , Mgr 1 ., 6o 
 
 Knickerbocker 1 Coal Co., 
 
 New York City. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 In reference to our telephone conversation 1 , we beg 
 to quote you on 5000 to 10,000 tons of Victor 1 bituminous 1 
 
COAL 37 
 
 coal at your option, to be taken in approximate 1 monthly 
 proportions 1 for a year beginning December 1 1, 1907, a 
 price of $2.75 f. o. b 1 . New York ports, or $2.60 f. o. b. Phila- 
 delphia 1 ports, subject to advance or decline in freight rates. 
 Benton coal, as you are aware, loads at Port Heading 1 and 
 Port Richmond 1 ; Victor, at South Amboy 1 and Greenwich 1 . 
 This quotation is for prompt acceptance 1 , as our tonnage is 
 somewhat limited. We can probably 1 take care of tonnage 
 in excess of 10,000 tons, if we have early advice. 
 
 We trust you will give this favorable consideration, 
 and that we may continue 1 the very pleasant business rela- 
 tions already established 1 . (135) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Mr. Louis D. Sloan, Manager 1 , 
 
 Yonkers 1 , N. Y 1 . 6l 
 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We are in receipt of your letter of the 24th inst., and 
 have forwarded 1 your orders to the mines for shipment. We 
 note what you say in regard to using rice coal for your 
 plant, and will send our Mr. Lewis out to see you next 
 Monday. Mr. Lewis is an expert on the use of steam coals, 
 and is well posted on the different makes of grates and the 
 coal best suited to each. 
 
 In regard to the car of egg coal shipped you last 
 week, P. & R. 21354, manifest 3016, would say that this 
 was due to an error in shipping from the mines, as we have 
 given them positive instructions 1 not to ship to your siding 
 anything over a thirty-ton car. We are glad to hear that 
 you now have work under way which will so strengthen 1 
 your trestle as to enable you to take the largest steel cars, as 
 it is becoming more and more difficult for us to procure 
 wooden cars in sufficient 1 quantity 1 to supply our custom- 
 ers 1 who are unable to take the steels. (182) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
38 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 New England 1 Manufacturing 1 Co., 
 
 New Bedford 1 , Mass 1 . 62 
 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We are in receipt of your letter of the 3d inst., and 
 have placed your order for pea coal on our books for imme- 
 diate delivery. In regard to the price of steamboat 1 coal, 
 you are no doubt aware that the price of this size f. o. b 1 . 
 mines was increased to $2.75 per ton on December 1 1, so that 
 any future shipments we may make to you will be at the 
 advanced price. 
 
 We note your remarks with reference to slow delivery 
 of your last order. The delay was unavoidable 1 , as it was 
 impossible for us to get sufficient 1 cars at the mines. What 
 cars we did receive we apportioned 1 fairly among our oldest 1 
 customers 1 , and we assure you we did the very best for you 
 that we could under the circumstances 1 . 
 
 As regards shipments to Port Reading 1 , we understand 
 that the railroad company will raise the embargo 1 there in a 
 day or so. As soon as they do, we will ship your order of 
 rice coal to that point, giving you notice a sufficient time 
 in advance to enable you to have a man on the ground to 
 look after the loading of the barges. (198) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. Frank 1 S. Sargent 1 , 
 
 Pottsville 1 , Pa 1 . 63 
 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 In your letter of the 2d inst. you say that you think 
 it w T ould be advisable 1 for us to equip our No. 2 breaker with 
 the new Holmes separator 1 . As you know, we have had 
 one of these separators in use as an experiment 1 for a month 
 past, and have watched carefully the results obtained by its 
 use. We find that the larger sizes down to chestnut are 
 separated cleanly, but we have been obliged to put several 
 
COAL 39 
 
 cars of pea and chestnut through the breaker again, as these 
 two sizes do not seem to separate as they should. We have 
 spoken to Mr. Wood in regard to this, and he believes 1 that 
 by adding another and slightly wider flare to the separator 
 this defect will be remedied. This change is now being 
 made, and I will report the results obtained under it as soon 
 as it has been thoroughly 1 tested. (153) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Robert S. Cleeland, Esq 1 ., 64 
 
 Bridgeport 1 , Conn 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 In answer to your inquiry 1 of the 29th ult. regarding 
 trade conditions here, w T ould state as follows: Anthracite 1 
 trade continues 1 active, due to the prevailing 1 cold weather 
 in this section. The demand for this grade comes from all 
 points of distribution 1 , and shipments are limited only by 
 the car supply, which is gradually improving. 
 
 New England 1 stocks are being greatly reduced, owing 
 to the severity 1 of the weather and the continued 1 storms 
 along the coast, which'have prevented 1 ocean shipments. 
 
 The bituminous 1 market is suffering at present from 
 an over-supply at tide points, and it has been only within 
 the last week that railroads have raised the embargoes 1 
 placed on shipments at Port Liberty. Because of embargo 
 orders, bituminous prices dropped on free offerings for spot 
 delivery. 
 
 We quote P. R. R. line prices for bituminous for 
 prompt delivery as follows: Martin's Creek, $1.95; best 
 Miller vein, $1.50; and Clearfield 1 , $1.20. We quote buck- 
 wheat 1 at tide, $2.40; rice, $1.70; barley, $1.40. 
 
 Hoping you will not hesitate to write us should you 
 desire any further information, we are (190) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
40 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 Messrs. Richnian & Taylor 1 , 
 
 Carbondale 1 , Pa 1 , 65 
 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We are in receipt of a letter from John Smith in 
 which he states that the two cars of pea coal shipped to him 
 on the 27th ult., manifests 1 L. Y. 1688 and 1689, are in 
 poor condition, there being a considerable quantity 1 of slate, 
 boney, and dirt mixed with the coal. If this is true, it 
 would seem to us that your mine inspector 1 is either careless 
 or incompetent 1 . 
 
 We would say in answer to your inquiry 1 regarding 
 the twenty cars of stove coal at Greenwich 1 , that we have 
 now procured a barge, and the loading will be finished 1 today. 
 We shall be charged 1 with three days demurrage 1 , but shall 
 have a counter-claim 1 against the railroad company for 
 twenty -six tons lost in transit 1 . (125) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 McDonnell 1 Wagon Works, 66 
 
 Youngstown 1 , O. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We received your favor of the 9th inst., and have 
 made changes 1 and corrections 1 in your order with us as 
 therein directed 1 . With regard to guaranteeing 1 the present 
 price on your order for 25 cars of stove coal, would say that 
 we have already booked all we can attend to this month ; 
 and with a strong likelihood 1 of an advance on the 1st 
 proximo, we would hardly feel inclined to do so, unless 
 probably 1 on the chestnut size, which is in somewhat less 
 demand at present in this market. 
 
 We enclose reply received from the Lehigh Yalley 
 Railroad Co., showing that contents of car 41144 to J. C. 
 Snyder, Akron 1 , O., was transferred 1 to car 16542 on account 
 of wreck at New Brighton 1 . (124) 
 Yours truly, 
 
LIFE INSURANCE 
 
 Mr. George 1 Crissy, 67 
 
 New Haven 1 , Conn 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 I am in receipt of your age card giving your date of 
 birth as the 7th day of January 1 , your occupation as that of 
 an army officer 1 , and asking for a sample 20-year Endowment 
 policy for $5000, for which please accept my thanks. I en- 
 close herewith an illustration 1 of said policy, which you will 
 see has cash, loan, and paid-up values, the same as is issued 
 to a civilian 1 , and at exactly 1 the same rate. This policy 
 has many advantages, as you will see, over that issued by 
 any other company. I enclose a copy of the permit which 
 would accompany the policy, allowing you to travel or reside 
 anywhere, under government orders, during the first two 
 years of the policy, after which no permit is required, as the 
 policy is incontestable 1 for any cause except non-payment of 
 premiums 1 . 
 
 I also enclose an application 1 blank which you can fill 
 up and sign. Please be examined by your post surgeon, 
 and return the papers to me with bill for the doctor's exami- 
 nation 1 . I will then secure from the company a policy for 
 you in accordance 1 with the above. (187) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Messrs. Berry Brothers, Attys 1 ., 68 
 
 Richmond, Ind 1 . 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We have yours of the 22d notifying us of the death 
 of Mr. John Jjfnnson, insured for $5000 in this company under 
 policy No. 10712, and asking the record of this policy. In 
 reply we desire to state that this policy was originally 1 made 
 
 41 
 
42 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 out to Mary Y. Simson, wife of the insured, but was later 
 assigned 1 to J. H. Munn & Co. in consideration of a loan. 
 This assignment 1 was afterward 1 released 1 , however, so that 
 the policy reverts 1 to Mary V. Simson, wife, who is now the 
 beneficiary 1 and who will have to make claim on the com- 
 pany for that amount. We enclose herewith pr oof s-of -death 
 blanks, which it will be necessary for her to have filled up 
 and sworn 1 to before a notary, and return to us, at which 
 time the company shall be pleased to make settlement 1 . 
 
 Yours very truly, (142) 
 
 Mr. Frank 1 Pearson 1 , 69 
 
 Salem, Mass 1 . 
 My dear Sir : 
 
 I have your letter of the 20th asking for an extension 1 
 of sixty days in which to pay your premium 1 of $130.50 
 on your policy No. 32234. In reply I wish to state that 
 the time allowed in your policy for payment of premium is 
 thirty days, but the company will cheerfully 1 grant you the 
 extension requested if you will sign the enclosed note for 
 the amount of your premium with 60 days interest thereon 
 at 6%. (81) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Mr. William Prince, 70 
 
 Atlantic City 1 , N. J 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 It has been intimated 1 to us that you will soon be in 
 the market for life insurance 1 . If such is the case, we wish 
 to call your attention to the advantages offered by this com- 
 pany, which has been in business for over fifty years and has 
 never delayed or disputed a death settlement 1 . Although 
 not the largest company, ours is one of the bfet, most con- 
 servative 1 , and most economically 1 managed. It has received 
 
LIFE INSURANCE 43 
 
 from its policy-holders 1 $54,000,000 ; it has paid its policy- 
 holders over $44,000,000, and now holds for future payments 
 over $15,000,000, as per the enclosed statement. The divi- 
 dends 1 paid by this company on its participating 1 policies 
 have not been surpassed 1 by any other company and equalled 
 by only two. We write all forms of insurance, participating 
 and non -participating, and hope that if you are in the mar- 
 ket for insurance, you will favor us with your application 1 . 
 Yours very truly, (152) 
 
 Mr. H. H. Johnson 1 , 
 
 Coatesville 1 , Pa 1 . 7 1 
 
 My dear Sir : 
 
 I am in receipt of your letter of the 19th regarding 
 the rates charged 1 by the different companies, and in reply 
 will say that the rates of our company will compare very 
 favorably with those of our competitors 1 . Furthermore 1 , 
 all our participating 1 policies have dividends 1 which can be 
 used yearly to reduce the premium 1 cost or increase the 
 insurance 1 in event of death or the maturing 1 of the policies. 
 Our dividends in the past have averaged 25 % , and while we 
 can not reasonably expect that investments 1 today will yield 1 
 as large a percentage 1 of interest 1 as in the past, there is 
 every reason to believe that the dividends of our company 
 will be as good as, if not better 1 than, those of any other 
 company. 
 
 If there is anything I can do to assist you in obtaining 
 the application 1 in question 1 , please command 1 me. (146) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. James E. Kelly, 72 
 
 Trenton 1 , N. J 1 . 
 My dear Sir : 
 
 I am in receipt of your letter of the 22d inst. asking 
 for the maximum 1 loan available 1 under your policy No. 
 
44 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 34480 for $5000 in this company. On looking up the record 
 of this policy, I find that it was taken out fifteen years 
 ago, and therefore has a loan value, as stated in the policy, 
 of $1200. If you will kindly 1 sign the enclosed loan note 
 for this amount, also have your wife, Martha J. Kelly, sign 
 on the second line, and have these signatures 1 witnessed, 
 and return 1 the note to me, I shall take pleasure in securing 
 settlement 1 from the company. (105) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Mr. Barclay 1 Parsons 1 , 73 
 
 Omaha 1 , Neb 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 In reply to your letter of the 19th, we respectfully 1 
 call your attention to the enclosed circular 1 which fnlly 
 describes the advantages of our 20-year L. E. A. policy. 
 You will see that this policy costs a little more than the 
 regular 1 20-year Endowment plan, but should the insured 
 live till the end of the 20th year, he would receive $1500 
 cash for every $1000 insured ; should he die before the 20th 
 year, or before the policy matured 1 , the beneficiary 1 would 
 receive the amount insured. You will observe, therefore, 
 that although it costs a trifle more at the outset, in the long 
 run it proves the most advantageous 1 for the insured. 
 
 Hoping to be favored with your application 1 , which 
 will receive our most careful attention, we are (131) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 C. E. Franklin 1 , Esq 1 ., 74 
 
 Bangor, 1 Me. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Your letter of the 24th asking the amount of pre- 
 mium 1 due on your policy No. 77358, is received. In reply 
 we would state that this policy lapsed last June for non- 
 payment of premium, at which time you were notified, but 
 
LIFE INSURANCE 45 
 
 you seemed to disregard 1 all our letters ou the subject. 
 However, if you now desire to be reinstated 1 , the policy 
 provides for that, and we shall be glad to do what we can 
 for you. It will be necessary for you to pass a satisfactory 1 
 medical 1 examination 1 , at your expense, and pay the back 
 premiums with interest 1 ; but as this policy is several years 
 old, we think it would be to your interest to put it again in 
 force. If you will kindly 1 sign the enclosed reinstatement 1 
 blank and have the doctor fill in answers to the questions 1 
 stated, and return the same to us, we will forward it to the 
 company for their consideration. (156) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Mr. Morris Frick, 75 
 
 Vicksburg 1 , Miss 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Your letter of the 22d enclosing proofs of death of 
 John C. Smith, has been received. There is a slight dis- 
 crepancy 1 between the friend's statement in the proofs and 
 the doctor's statement. One gives the insured's occupation 
 as " farmer" and the other as "foreman." Please ascer- 
 tain 1 the insured's occupation, and if it was foreman, let us 
 know the nature of his business so that we may complete the 
 blanks. However, to lose no time in the settlement 1 , we 
 enclose herewith our check for §5000 which you may pay the 
 beneficiary 1 under this policy in exchange 1 for the enclosed 
 release properly 1 executed. (103) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Mr. M. C. Milner, 76 
 
 Saginaw, Mich. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Replying to your letter of the 22d, in which you ask 
 for full information in regard to the investment 1 features 1 of 
 the 20-year Gold Bond issued by the Eastern 1 Mutual 1 Life 
 
46 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 Insurance 1 Company, we would say that as we do not repre- 
 sent 1 that company and know very little about their policies 
 or business methods, we are unable to give you the informa- 
 tion requested ; but if you should want to know about the 
 Gold Bond policies issued by this company, we would 
 respectfully 1 call your attention to the enclosed circular 1 
 fully describing the same. We do not doubt that our poli- 
 cies, as described by the enclosed circular, will cover every- 
 thing you desire, but if they should not, and you still desire 
 to investigate 1 the policies of the Eastern Mutual, we shall 
 be pleased to secure full information for you. (139) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Charles Easton, Esq 1 ., 77 
 
 Canton, O. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We have your letter of the 10th stating that you 
 desire to surrender 1 your policy No. 31275 for its cash value. 
 This policy was taken out fifteen years ago for $5000 on the 
 30-year Endowment form, and we find it now has a cash 
 value of $2350. If you are in need of ready money, we 
 would by all means advise you to make a loan on your policy 
 instead of surrendering it for its cash value. You could now 
 secure a loan of $2310, out of which would be deducted 1 the 
 premium 1 for the coming year and also 6% interest 1 in 
 advance on the amount of the loan, which would leave fully 
 $2000. You can thus see that by taking the loan you can 
 secure ready money and still keep the insurance 1 in force. 
 However, if you prefer 1 to take the cash surrender value, 
 please advise us, and we will see that the necessary papers 
 for signature 1 are forwarded 1 to you. Also please advise 
 us promptly 1 if you decide to take the loan. (180) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
FIRE INSURANCE 
 
 George 1 Hooker, Esq 1 ., 78 
 
 Battle Creek, Mich. 
 Dear Sir: 
 
 On October 1 15 you called at this office with our 
 policy No. 10752 covering property 1 on the northwest 1 cor- 
 ner of 7th and Pearl 1 streets, being No. 316 North 7th 
 street, which stands on our books in the name of Catharine 1 
 B. Groome. You then told us that Mrs. Groome was 
 deceased 1 , leaving her mother, Mrs. C. B. Stuart, and her 
 children as her heirs, and that there had been no adminis- 
 tration 1 of her estate. You also said you would look up 
 the deed of trust and see just how the property was left, and 
 would then communicate 1 with us. Not having heard from 
 you since that time, we again call your attention to the 
 matter, as the policy should be set straight. Let us hear 
 further from you in relation to this. (132) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Mr. Arthur G. Mack, 79 
 
 Middletown 1 , Conn 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We beg to acknowledge 1 the receipt of notification 1 
 of loss signed by Mary E. D. Mack for claim under our 
 policy No. 6867 for $3000 insurance 1 on building No. 40 
 North 5th street, which states that the only other insurance 
 is $1000 in the Mutual 1 Assurance 1 Company, of this city ; 
 and also your detailed 1 estimate 1 of $30 for repairing the 
 building, which will be entirely satisfactory 1 to us, and we 
 are informed 1 by the Mutual that they will pay their pro- 
 portion 1 . We therefore inclose you a receipt in full for our 
 proportion, which we will thank you to have signed at your 
 earliest convenience 1 by Mary E. D. Mack and John K, 
 Doak as executor 1 and trustee of Richard R. Sutton, 
 
 47 
 
48 THE COxAIPLETE DICTATED 
 
 We would thank you to give this matter your earliest 
 attention, as we close our books for the fiscal 1 year the end 
 of next week, and we desire to complete the matter before 
 that time. (159) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 F. A. Paxon, Esq 1 ., . 80 
 
 Jackson, Miss 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We beg to remind you that as yet you have not com- 
 plied with our requests of February 1 28, November 1 13, and 
 December 1 14 to have the executor 1 of the estate of Harold 1 
 P. Newlin 1 transfer 1 our policy No. 13855 on building 3616 
 Engleside 1 place to the present owners, subject to the inter- 
 est 1 of the mortgagee 1 , and bring the policy to this office for 
 approval, together with a certified 1 copy of the will, or a 
 short certificate 1 of his appointment 1 which need not be filed. 
 
 We urge your immediate attention to this matter, 
 as otherwise 1 we shall be compelled 1 to take steps to annul 
 the policy and to notify the mortgagee accordingly. (Ill ) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Mr. O. K. Baldwin 1 , 8i 
 
 Mobile, Ala. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Referring to your inquiry 1 by telephone this morning 
 relative to the privilege 1 granted under our policy No. 8089 
 on building No. 108 North Front street, we would say that 
 last July when we found the building was about to be occu- 
 pied by three tenants 1 , one of whom was a clothier 1 , we wrote 
 to Mr. Black, the agent, notifying him that the rate would 
 be increased. On August 1 we received a message, as we 
 supposed from you, that the clothier would not occupy the 
 upper floor, and we accordingly named a lower rate ; 
 namely, one per cent., or $31.34, which was paid to us on 
 September 1 4, and the policy was endorsed ' ' privilege to 
 two tenants, none more hazardous 1 than a wholesale dealer 
 
FIBE INSURANCE 49 
 
 in turpentine 1 and wood alcohol 1 ." On September 1 12 you 
 telephoned us relative 1 to an additional 1 tenant in the third 
 floor, a dealer in pumps, whose business would require the 
 use of a gas engine, when we told you that there might be a 
 further additional charge of one per cent. In view of this 
 fact we must request that the policy in question 1 be brought 
 to this office on or before the 25th day of January 1 , together 
 w T ith one per cent, additional, or $31.34, receipt of which we 
 will indorse 1 thereon, granting the privilege of one addi- 
 tional tenant, it being agreed aud understood 1 that no gaso- 
 line shall be used in the building. (237) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 The California 1 Company, 
 
 Los Angeles 1 , Cal. 82 
 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Upon examining 1 buildings Nos. 1313, 1317, and 1329 
 Erie street, our surveyor reports that he found in many 
 rooms gas stoves placed upon wooden boxes with newspaper, 
 wrapping-paper, or oil cloth tacked on the wall, in much the 
 same way as that which caused the fire in No. 1313. We would 
 therefore advise you to see that these defects 1 are remedied, 
 also that the stoves are provided with metal or asbestos 1 
 sheets underneath 1 them, and that the same metal be used 
 to protect 1 the wall paper. In the case of No. 1317, we 
 must ask that the tailor in the first story be directed 1 to pro- 
 vide himself with a patent can for his benzine 1 , not more 
 than one quart of which we allow at any one time. 
 
 If you desire us to continue 1 our policies Nos. 11567 
 and 11570 on the said buildings, we must require an addi- 
 tional 1 deposit of one per cent., or $90, upon the receipt of 
 which we will grant the privilege 1 of an apartment 1 house in 
 each, and in the case of No. 1317 we will permit a non-haz- 
 ardous 1 store in the first story, withdrawing 1 the former 1 
 liberties of communication 1 . (195) 
 Yours truly,, 
 
50 THE COMPLETE D1CTATER 
 
 Mr.* J. E. C. Houston, Executor, 1 
 
 Daveuport 1 , Io. 1 83 
 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 The board of directors 1 of the Chicago Contribution- 
 ship 1 have decided that when a contributor 1 dies the policy 
 must be transferred 1 by the executor 1 or administrator 1 of 
 the estate to the heir or devisee 1 , as a policy is personal 
 property 1 , and does not follow the real estate. 
 
 Our policy No. 11259 on building at Broad and Green 
 streets stands on our books in the name of John J. Jones, 
 owner, with loss, if any, payable to Charles C. Snow, mort- 
 gagee 1 . Will you, therefore, as the executor of the estate, 
 execute a transfer on the policy to the present owner of the 
 property, subject to the interest 1 of the mortgagee; have it 
 dated, witnessed 1 , and properly 1 rilled in, and brought to 
 this office for approval, for which no fee will be charged. 
 We must also put on the policy the following: 
 This policy is hereby continued 1 in consideration of 
 its being agreed and understood 1 that this company shall 
 not be liable beyond the actual 1 value destroyed by fire 
 for loss occasioned by ordinance 1 or law regulating 1 con- 
 struction 1 or repairs of buildings. 
 
 This makes the policy conform 1 to the standard 1 
 policy, both term and perpetual 1 , issued by this company; 
 and as by recent decision the liability 1 of this company might 
 be increased in the case of a loss occurring under policies 
 without this clause, we are making all our policies have the 
 same liability. (231) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Mr. Ellis D. Fleisher, 1 
 
 Charlotte 1 , N. C 1 . 84 
 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Our policy No. 18963 stands on our books in your 
 name as owner, with loss, if any, payable to the Fidelity 1 
 Trust and Loan Company, trustees, mortgagees 1 , on building 
 
FIRE INSURANCE 51 
 
 No. 212 South 6th street, for $10,000 insurance 1 at 2%, 
 deposit $200. We cannot continue 1 this policy at this 
 amount and at this rate, and hereby give you notice in 
 accordance 1 with the terms of the policy (giving to either 
 party the right to annul the insurance upon notice to the 
 other) that the said insurance will be annulled by this com- 
 pany on the 23d day of September 1 , 1907. If, however, you 
 desire us to continue this policy, we shall be glad to do so by 
 reducing the amount of the insurance to $6000 and raising 
 the rate to 4%, making the deposit $240, provided you 
 will send the policy, together with $40, the amount of 
 deposit increase, to this office on or before noon of the afore- 
 mentioned 1 date, for the proper 1 indorsement 1 . (170) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Mr. William H. Harper 1 , 
 
 Youngstown 1 , O. 85 
 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We understood 1 from the message you left at this office 
 on Tuesday morning that you had again urged 1 Mr. C. S. 
 W. Lee to endeavor 1 to find a purchaser 1 for your property 1 at 
 the southeast 1 corner of 5th and Dock streets, this city, and 
 also to replace our mortgage 1 of $10,000. We are therefore 
 much surprised to learn from Mr. Lee that you had never 
 given him any authority 1 in the matter, and that he had not 
 attempted to sell the property nor to replace the mortgage; 
 nor will he do so until you have given him written authority 
 and definite 1 instructions 1 . The property committee at their 
 meeting on the 19th instant extended the time in which you 
 must pay the principal of our $10,000 mortgage to the first 
 day of March. In view of the above circumstances 1 , there- 
 fore, you will understand 1 that unless the principal and 
 interest are paid in full, on or before that day, the matter 
 will be placed in the hands of our solicitor, with instruc- 
 tions to begin foreclosure 1 proceedings 1 . (176) 
 Yours truly, 
 
PRINTING 
 
 Montana 1 Life and Trust Company, 86 
 
 Helena 1 , Mont. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 Pursuant 1 to the conversation 1 we held with you over 
 the telephone today, we are writing you in reference to the 
 Kate Book which we have your order to set and print. 
 
 We find that we have no plates of the Pure Protec- 
 tion 1 Policy pages. In view of this fact, we understand 1 
 that we are to set these pages, per copy furnished 1 us, 2J 
 inches wide and 3J inches long, so that they will be the same 
 size as the Annual 1 Compound Dividend 1 Life pages, per 
 proof we sent you, and of which we hand you proof here- 
 with. In view of these instructions 1 , it will be necessary 
 for us to reset the title page and the notice page to conform 1 
 with these new directions 1 . Advise us if this is satisfactory 1 
 to you. (132) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Wilson 1 Institute 1 , 87 
 
 Cheyenne, Wyo. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We will manufacture 1 your catalogue 1 and reprints 1 
 as follows : 
 
 Catalogue : Six thousand copies of 288 pages, wire 
 stitched, for $950 ; if stitched with thread, $30 extra. 
 Additional 1 2000 copies ordered at the sametime, $175 per 
 thousand, wire stitched ; $5 extra per thousand, sewed. 
 
 Keprints : The understanding 1 is that the type of the 
 text only will be standing from the catalogue. 
 
 Department 1 of Commerce 1 : 5000 copies, 24 pages 
 text, 20 pages illustrations 1 , $175 ; 10,000, $300. 
 
 Department of Technology 1 : 3500 copies, 40 pages, 
 five inserts 1 and cover, $85. 
 
 52 
 
PRINTING 53 
 
 General Course : 3000 copies, 20 pages, no cover, 
 $27.50. This circular 1 to be entirely reset matter, having 
 no bearing whatever upon the reprints. (118) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. George C. Ferguson 1 , 88 
 
 Tucson, Ariz 1 . 
 My dear Mr. Ferguson : 
 
 In making out the estimate 1 for the Harper cata- 
 logue 1 , please give it to me as follows : 
 
 First. Composition and changes 1 in the various 
 plates. Bear in mind that the line on the even side of the 
 present catalogue at the bottom is to be cut off, and two 
 lines in Italic type are to take its place. These Italic lines, 
 I believe, will be changed for every page. 
 
 Second. Presswork 1 in black ink on 20,000 copies, on 
 a sheet 38 x 58 — 160 lb., enameled 1 . I believe you have 
 presses large enough to take a double-size sheet ; if so, I 
 would prefer 1 it. 
 
 Third. Presswork in Ulman U. S. Sepia, double 
 tone. Sheets to be delivered to our bindery 1 . Please spec- 
 ify the time that you will guarantee 1 to have the sheets in 
 our bindery. Copy to be placed in your hands not later 
 than the first of January 1 . 
 
 Make me a good price because I am effecting 1 a new 
 arrangement 1 with the Harper people. Let me have the 
 estimate not later than nine o'clock Tuesday morning. 
 
 Sincerely 1 yours, (177) 
 
 Dr. Thomas B. Hammer, 89 
 
 Little Rock, Ark 1 . 
 My dear Dr. Hammer : 
 
 In regard to the souvenir 1 books of the fiftieth anni- 
 versary 1 of the Geological 1 Society 1 , I would say, roughly 1 , 
 that 500 copies of a book 6 x 9, of three hundred 1 pages, set 
 in 10-point type, will cost you about $465 ; 1000 copies, 
 
54 THE COMPLETE DICTA TER 
 
 $550. These prices are only approximate 1 , as my informa- 
 tion is rather indefinite 1 . 
 
 In this connection 1 , I wonld refer you to a communi- 
 cation 1 which I received from Dr. John Farley on October 1 
 17, in which he asked me for an estimate 1 for the binding of 
 several reprints 1 that he proposed using instead of print- 
 ing the entire number of pages. I do not know whether 
 his suggestion will conflict 1 with yours or not. (116) 
 Sincerely yours, 
 
 Mr. F. B. Hazell 1 , Mgr 1 ., 9o 
 
 The Fairbanks 1 Co., 
 
 Denver 1 , Colo 1 . 
 My dear Sir : 
 
 I am not clear upon the following points in your 
 specifications 1 : For the 100 copies of books that you desire 
 to be imposed and run so as to allow for inserting 1 in loose- 
 leaf binder 1 , it will be necessary to have an entirely differ- 
 ent make-up and make-ready. Is this your understanding 1 
 of the job ? 
 
 Will you not look after the reproduction 1 of the 350 
 cuts of all styles? This being an indefinite 1 item, it would 
 be rather difficult for us to figure upon it. The same is 
 true of the names and trade-marks to be removed from cuts. 
 
 Is it your intention 1 that the flies for both books be 
 of cover paper such as you showed me ? Are we to print 
 directly 1 from the reproduction plates, or do you wish us to 
 make electrotype 1 plates of them? (140) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Joseph A. Conn, M. D., 9a 
 
 St. Augustine 1 , Fla 1 . 
 My dear Sir : 
 
 We have your favor of October 17 in regard to bind- 
 ing under one cover reprints 1 of papers from various jour- 
 
PRINTING 55 
 
 nals 1 . This is a very difficult matter upon which to give 
 you a precise estimate 1 . We have done work similar to this 
 for Bryn Mawr 1 College and the University 1 of Pennsyl- 
 vania 1 . It will be a tedious 1 piece of work because all the 
 wire stitches of the pamphets 1 will have to be taken out by 
 hand, and as the reprints will not be all of one size, great 
 care will have to be taken in the binding. For a basis of 
 cost to yourself, we believe we could furnish 1 you 500 
 reprints, bound with a stiff paper cover, with title page and 
 table of contents, at ten cents a copy, or $50. Additional 1 
 composition and printing in forms of eight pages would cost 
 you $2 a page. (147) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. Alexander 1 Briggs, 92 
 
 Boise City 1 , Ida 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Mr. Evans, of the University 1 Extension 1 Society 1 , 
 telephoned me this morning in a very vigorous 1 and positive 
 manner that you have complained of the proofreading 1 upon 
 the two lectures 1 which we have just finished 1 for you. 
 Not having your first proof here, we cannot answer your 
 complaint, and therefore would request that you return 1 the 
 original 1 galley proofs and the page proofs, indicating 1 just 
 what mistakes 1 we have failed to correct 1 and what mistakes 
 we have made that were not contained in the original proofs. 
 Our reputation for good and clean work has been beyond 
 question 1 , and if the fault lies at this end, we shall be glad 
 to place the blame where it belongs and rectify the error. 
 It may be that you have been marking some " low " letters 
 which have not printed distinctly 1 on the paper. This 
 apparent 1 defect 1 is always remedied in the page proofs 
 before printing. (151) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
56 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 Mr. Theodore W. Ellis, 93 
 
 Phoenix 1 , Ariz 1 . 
 My dear Mr. Ellis : 
 
 Regarding pages 29 and 40 of the Treatise on Health, 
 which we were obliged to cancel 1 and tip, the publishers 1 
 insist that the error is ours for the reason that they O. K.'d 1 
 the galley proof which we are returning 1 , and without their 
 authority 1 the leads were lifted. They say their responsi- 
 bility 1 ended when they passed the galley proofs, and when 
 the page proofs came they simply read them for errors. I 
 think myself that I have no ground on which to dispute the 
 matter with them, since these leads were lifted by your peo- 
 ple without calling the publishers' attention to it. The 
 trouble is in the sentence 1 beginning with the words " Many 
 men make the mistake 1 , ' ' etc 1 . These lines should have been 
 double-leaded, if you were going to lift any leads whatever, 
 because this sentence had nothing to do with the quotations. 
 Very truly yours, (143) 
 
 Professor 1 Walter 1 S. Cornell 1 , 94 
 
 University 1 of Texas, 
 
 Houston, Tex. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We find it necessary to urge you to furnish 1 us at 
 once with the balance of the manuscript 1 for the three lec- 
 tures 1 yet to be printed. When we made our figures for 
 printing these lectures, it was with the understanding 1 that 
 all the manuscript would be in our hands at one time. As 
 it is, we have received the three lectures in various sections, 
 which has caused an expense to us upon which we did not 
 count. When we had our 8-point machine running, it was 
 our expectation 1 that all the 8-point matter could be set at 
 one time ; and so with the 10-point and 6-point matter. An 
 economical 1 machine job is possible only when all the matter 
 requiring a given point of type is in hand at the sametime. 
 Yours truly, (133) 
 
ADVERTISING 
 
 Mr. Andrew Wilson, 95 
 
 Advertising Manager 1 , Daily Gazette, 
 Kansas City 1 , Mo. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Mr. John White has called our attention to the fact 
 that the Gazette of yesterday 1 (Sunday) contained two adver- 
 tisements of the White Optical Company, one of which was 
 ordered by this agency and the other evidently running 
 under Mr. White's old instructions 1 . Inasmuch 1 as Mr. 
 White had given notice to the effect 1 that this agency would 
 henceforth 1 place his advertising, at the sametime discon- 
 tinuing 1 his previous orders, we would ask that no charge 
 be made for the extra insertion 1 . (79) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 The Home Development 1 Company, 96 
 
 New London 1 , Conn 1 . 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 In answer to your inquiry 1 regarding our ability to 
 prepare 1 and place your advertising, we beg to say that we 
 shall be glad to handle 1 your account as soon as you are 
 ready to go ahead with your campaign 1 . 
 
 Your question 1 concerning the various mediums 1 of 
 this city, is one that we are pleased to answer in detail 1 . 
 To cover the city thoroughly 1 , we believe it would be nec- 
 essary to use only the Evening Journal 1 , the Times, and the 
 Recorder 1 . Of the two evening papers, the Journal has by 
 far the more representative 1 circulation 1 , covering practi- 
 cally 1 the entire 1 field reached by the Tribune, with a large 
 surplus 1 distinctively 1 its own. Of the five morning papers, 
 the Times and the Recorder reach the great middle-class of 
 
 57 
 
58 THE COMPLETE DICTATES 
 
 readers that you desire to interest 1 . Your commodity 1 
 would not appeal to the exclusive 1 clientele 1 of the Herald 1 , 
 nor to the opposite class, which constitutes 1 , in the main, 
 the readers of the Item. 
 
 We send you a detailed estimate 1 of a campaign 
 embracing an expenditure 1 of $1200, which would serve 
 admirably 1 to cover Boston for a month. (184) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Binghampton 1 Morning News, 97 
 
 Binghampton, N. Y. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We have yours of March 4 declining our offer for 
 advertising the goods of the Vincent 1 Cutlery 1 Co. We 
 regret exceedingly 1 your decision in this matter, as we 
 figured 1 the proposition 1 carefully and felt sure it would be 
 acceptable 1 . The advertisements are of good size, electro- 
 typed 1 , and the work will be completed in a comparatively 1 
 short 1 time. In fact, we believe 1 you would have little or 
 no trouble with the business, and, as it is first-class 1 in every 
 respect 1 , we courteously 1 urge your reconsideration 1 and 
 acceptance 1 . The w T ork must start at once, however, and it 
 is imperative 1 that we know as quickly 1 as possible just what 
 papers we can include. We therefore hope you will not 
 delay the matter, bat will send your acceptance immediately 
 upon receipt of this letter. (131) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. Johnson Wright, 98 
 
 Advertising Manager 1 , The Sun, 
 St. Paul, Minn. 
 Dear Sir: 
 
 We have today received a complaint from Fitch & 
 Robeson who have been placing financial 1 business with the 
 
ADVERTISING 59 
 
 Sun through this agency regularly 1 for some weeks. This 
 advertising is invariaby 1 ordered on the financial page, since 
 this position is virtually 1 the only place in the paper which 
 will do them any good. Friday's advertisement (May 10) 
 was ordered for this position, and appeared on the financial 
 page in the first edition. It was, however, switched 1 to 
 another page in all of the later evening editions. Messrs. 
 Fitch & Kobeson decline to pay for this advertisement unless 
 it be given another insertion 1 , and we trust you will see 
 to it that it is printed in some of tomorrow's editions. 
 
 Very truly yours, (119) 
 
 Messrs. MacAllister 1 & Simpson 1 , 99 
 
 Knoxville 1 , Tenn. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We have just been informed 1 by the Louisville Even- 
 ing Dispatch that their rate for foreign advertising would be 
 increased on May 1 from 25 to 30 cents per line. This 
 would affect 1 the advertisements of the Premo cigar 1 which 
 we have been placing in the Dispatch for you for some 
 months past. As you are aware, your present contract with 
 the Dispatch for 5000 lines secures for you a rate of 22 cents 
 per line. Under the new rate-card, you would be obliged, 
 at the expiration 1 of your contract, which will be within a 
 few days, to pay 27 cents per line. In our judgment the 
 results you have been securing through this paper are such 
 as to justify 1 your continuing 1 the advertising for sometime 1 , 
 even at the increased rate. We could, of course, keep the 
 advertising within your appropriation 1 by reducing the size 
 of the advertisements from 100 lines to 66 lines, three times 
 a week, as at present, or we could reduce the insertions 1 to 
 twice a week. 
 
 We trust you will advise us at your earliest conveni- 
 ence 1 as to the course you wish us to pursue 1 . (190) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
60 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 The Emerson 1 Advertising Agency, IOO 
 
 Montreal 1 , Can 1 . 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 We are today sending you, under separate 1 cover, 
 cuts for newspaper advertising. These are the old-style line 
 drawings, a kind of cut for which you ask and which we 
 have found to be most generally preferred 1 . In connection 1 
 with our engravings used last year, we want to say that 
 they were made from half-tones 1 which were recommended to 
 us by the firm then making our cuts, as the best for the 
 purpose 1 . Some of the advertising which we saw early in 
 the season, made from these cuts, appeared very well. 
 Later, however, while we had very few complaints, we 
 nevertheless 1 found that the plates made from half-tones 
 yielded 1 generally unsatisfactory 1 results. This was exceed- 
 ingly 1 disappointing 1 to us in view of the fact that such 
 plates were much higher priced than those made from line 
 drawings, and should have accorded us better results. We 
 trust you will find the cuts sent to you today perfectly 1 
 satisfactory. (158) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Mr. John Parry, IOI 
 
 Fort Smith 1 , Ark 1 . 
 Dear Mr. Parry : 
 
 We are in receipt of your letter of yesterday 1 calling 
 our attention to the fact that the picture 1 appearing in your 
 advertisement of last Sunday was in outline and not in 
 "stipple 1 " as you desired. We have taken this matter up 
 with the advertising manager 1 of the Ledger, and he declines 
 to violate the paper's absolute rule in permitting only out- 
 line pictures and outline type to be used in display adver- 
 tisements. We explained this to you when we were pre- 
 
ADVERTISING 61 
 
 paring 1 your campaign 1 in the Ledger, but it has evidently 
 escaped your memory. As you may know, this bas been a 
 policy with the paper since its foundation 1 . 
 
 We think the publicity 1 you desire is secured just 
 as well through the outline picture used last Sunday as 
 it would be through a drawing of another nature, and we 
 hope you, too, will take this view of the matter and allow 
 the cut to remain as it is. (157) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 The Armstrong 1 Manufacturing 1 Co., 102 
 
 Rochester 1 , N. Y. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 With the booklet recently 1 sent you was a letter in 
 which we asked you two pertinent 1 questions 1 . Have you 
 answered them in your own mind? If you remember, we 
 pointed out the vital interest 1 each of these questions 1 bore 
 in relation to your business. We have made a profession of 
 minding other people's business. If we did not we could 
 not possibly direct successfully 1 the advertising accounts 
 placed in our hands. From the minute your advertising is 
 turned over to the Bailey Agency, your establishment 1 , your 
 trade, and your system become the objects of close study by 
 an experienced 1 advertising man. Within a comparatively 1 
 short 1 time we learn to know the peculiar 1 demands of your 
 business better than you yourself know them — that is, 
 from the standpoint 1 of its publicity 1 — because we study 
 it primarily 1 from the public's 1 viewpoint. We have 
 never lost an account through failure to understand 1 the 
 details of a client's business, or through lack of busi- 
 ness detail in attending to the demands of his adver- 
 tising. (169) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
REAL ESTATE 
 
 Mr. Frank Sommers, 103 
 
 Evansville 1 , Ind 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Do you wish to rent your house at Evansville fur- 
 nished 1 for the summer months? If so, we would advise 
 you to list it with us now, as we can get a better rental 1 for 
 it if it is listed with us early in the season. We have two 
 or three desirable persons to whom Ave can offer the property 
 at once, and we shall be glad to take up the matter with 
 them, if you care to have us do so. 
 
 The demand for furnished houses is greater this spring 
 than for some years past, and we have every assurance that 
 if you place the renting of your property in our hands, we 
 can secure a good tenant 1 for you at an increased figure 1 
 over last year's rate. (128) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Mr. Richard 1 Perkins 1 , 104 
 
 Indianapolis 1 , Ind 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 According to your request, we have released 1 Mr. 
 Merrill 1 from the house on Bloomingdale 1 avenue from 
 November 1 1. Mr. Merrill still owed us one-half month's 
 rent, which he calculated 1 by the day when sending us his 
 check, instead of reckoning it by the half month. The dif- 
 ference in this calculation 1 is $3 in your favor. As the term 
 of the lease would have extended three months longer, the 
 balance of commission 1 due us upon the first year's rental 1 
 would entitle us to a commission of $4.50. We have there- 
 fore deducted 1 this amount, and herewith enclose check for 
 the balance. Will you kindly write us a letter releasing 
 Mr. Merrill from further rental upon the property 1 ? (118) 
 Yours respectfully, 
 62 
 
REAL ESTATE 63 
 
 .Mr. Edward 1 B. North, 1 05 
 
 San Antonio 1 , Tex. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 If you still have for sale the property 1 near 13th 
 street and Dickson avenue, particulars of which you left at 
 our office several weeks ago, we shall be obliged to you if 
 you will let us hear from you as soon as possible, as we 
 desire at this time to buy some cheap houses in that section 
 of the city. We are not acting as agents in this matter, but 
 wish to purchase as principals, and therefore shall appreci- 
 ate 1 a reply to this communication 1 . . (84) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. John Johnson, 1 06 
 
 Elizabeth 1 , N. J 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We have your favor of the 26th regarding the prop- 
 erty 1 which you recently 1 purchased at Bristol 1 , Pa. You 
 state that there are no restrictions 1 specifically 1 mentioned 
 in the deed, but we think you will find upon closer 1 exami- 
 nation 1 that the words "under and subject to the restrictions 
 therein mentioned " appear. This refers to the deed cover- 
 ing the entire 1 property prior to your purchase of a part of 
 the said tract, which specifies the price of the house to be 
 built, distance 1 required to be set back from the street, etc. 
 A copy of these restrictions we herewith enclose. (98) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Mrs. Anna L. Brooks, 107 
 
 Saginaw, Mich. 
 Dear Madam : 
 
 We regret that we have been unable to make settle- 
 ment 1 for you for the house on Wallace street, but several 
 difficulties have arisen that may postpone 1 the settlement 
 
64 THE COMPLETE DICTATES 
 
 for two or three weeks. One-fchird interest 1 in the place is 
 held by a trustee as a life estate for a beneficiary 1 who at 
 present is under age. While the will of the former 1 owner 
 empowers 1 the executors 1 and trustees to sell and make a 
 suitable conveyance 1 , a confirmation 1 of sale must be ob- 
 tained from the Orphan's 1 Court. to make the conveyance 
 valid. (91) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 S. E. Bateman, Esq 1 ., 108 
 
 Covington 1 , Ky 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Regarding the terms of the lease upon the property 1 
 in Stenton 1 , we have to say that the owner is willing to lease 
 the house to you from March for one year, at $60 a month, 
 with the privilege 1 of renewal 1 for one year at the same fig- 
 ure 1 . The option to purchase he will give as follows : If at 
 any time during the term of your lease he should receive 
 from any other person or persons a bona fide offer for the 
 premises, such as he would accept, he agrees to give you five 
 days written notice to that effect, 1 and if you do not take 
 advantage of the option given, he reserves 1 the privilege to 
 sell to other persons at any price or terms that he may see 
 fit, possession to be given at the expiration 1 of the then- 
 existing term. 
 
 Kindly advise us if you will accept his offer. ( 151 ) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Mr. Herbert 1 Longstreth 1 , 109 
 
 411 State Street, 
 
 Chicago, 111. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Our collector 1 advises us that yqu have refused to pay 
 your rent of $22 which was due November 1 1, as well as the 
 
REAL ESTATE 65 
 
 $22 which was due December 1 1, making $44 in all. He 
 also says you made the statement that the rent paid by you 
 when you leased the house on September 1 17, which was to 
 have been applied for the month of October 1 , was to be cred- 
 ited to you for rent due December 1. Such an adjustment 1 
 is absolutely 1 out of the question 1 , and we are therefore 
 under the painful necessity of advising you that unless we 
 receive your check by return mail for the rent now due, we 
 shall be forced to place the matter in the hands of the con- 
 stable. Trusting you will prevent 1 our having to take such 
 drastic 1 measures by favoring us with an immediate remit- 
 tance 1 , we are (147) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Mr. C G. Fenton, HO 
 
 1918 Bond Street, 
 
 Kansas City 1 , Mo. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We enclose herewith deed for the Main street proper- 
 ties 1 , and would state that settlement 1 in this matter is to 
 be made at the German 1 -American 1 Title Company's offices 
 on Thursday, November 1 30, at eleven a. m, It will be 
 necessary for you to have the deed executed, acknowledged 1 
 before a notary public 1 , and presented at the settlement. 
 Will you also have with you at that time the leases for all 
 these properties, duly assigned to the new owner, as well as 
 the fire insurance 1 policies accompanying the mortgages 1 , 
 and the last mortgage interest 1 receipts ? 
 
 If you can arrange to let us have a report tomorrow 
 of the standing of the tenants 1 and a statement of the mort- 
 gage interest, it will greatly facilitate 1 the preparation 1 of 
 the figures 1 for the settlement and save time when we meet 
 at the trust company . (140) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
66 THE COMPLETE DICTATES 
 
 The Griggs Realty 1 Co. , ill 
 
 Duluth, Minn. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We hand you herewith settlement 1 certificate 1 No. 
 85690 of the Real Estate Title Insurance 1 and Trust Com- 
 pany, together with bill covering charges 1 on the same. 
 The title company is at this time examining the deed which 
 we have prepared 1 for the conveyance 1 of the ten properties 1 
 to James Montgomery 1 , and as soon as it is approved and 
 returned, we will forward it to you in order that you may 
 prepare your deed and advise us when your client wishes to 
 make settlement for 2714, 2720, and 2726 Gould street. 
 
 Very truly yours, (89) 
 
 Messrs. F. W. Dixon & Brothers, 1 12 
 
 Dayton, O. 
 Gentlemen: 
 
 In the matter of the Diamond street property 1 sold at 
 public 1 sale on the first Monday of September 1 and which 
 we bought for $1500, we would say that the following 
 charges 1 represent 1 the claims which should be paid to 
 reimburse 1 us fully: 
 
 Judgment $2556.95 
 
 Interest from August 3, 1906 10.65 
 
 Sheriff's 1 costs 60.27 
 
 Water rent for 1906 16.00 
 
 Taxes (calculated 1 to October 1 1, 1906) 
 
 1903 53.98 
 
 " 1904 58.75 
 
 " 1905 52.76 
 
 " 1906 45.90 
 
 $2855.26 
 
 In addition to the above, there is the cost of locality 1 
 search claim of $1.50, also a distribution 1 policy. You will 
 recall 1 , too, that there is an unsettled 1 question 1 raised by 
 
REAL ESTATE 67 
 
 the title company with reference to a mechanic's 1 lien. 
 This you tell us was created after the execution of our mort- 
 gage 1 , and that our policy protects 1 us from it. In fixing a 
 price for the sale of the property, however, it might be well 
 to dispose of this question 1 . (170} 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Mr. George R. Richardson 1 , 113 
 
 Salt Lake City 1 , Ut 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We desire to advise you that the searches taken out 
 against your property 1 disclose a lien for sewer claim 
 amounting to $120, and the Realty 1 Trust Company, who 
 hold the claim, threaten 1 to enter suit tomorrow unless this 
 is paid. After talking the matter over with them, we have 
 succeeded in holding them off until Tuesday of next week. 
 We have not received from the income of the properties we 
 are holding as security 1 an amount adequate 1 to take care 
 of this claim. Kindly advise us at once what you will do 
 in the matter. (96) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Mr. Charles Patterson 1 , 114 
 
 Charleston 1 , S. C 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We have before us your favor of recent date, in which 
 you ask for an explanation 1 of the charge 1 on your rent 
 statement of 75c. for notary acknowledgment 1 . In this con- 
 nection 1 , we beg to advise you that we find upon investiga- 
 tion 1 that our notary public 1 took your acknowledgment on 
 deed for the property 1 you transferred 1 to Mrs. Mary F. 
 Simpson 1 at Old Point Comfort, and as this instrument 1 had 
 to be sent out of the state for recording purposes 1 , it was 
 necessary to obtain the prothonotary's 1 certificate 1 showing 
 the authority 1 of the notary to take such an acknowledgment, 
 which certificate cost 25c. 
 
68 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 In reference to your request for your mortgage 1 papers 
 in connection with this transaction 1 , we beg to say that they 
 have not yet come off record, but in all probability 1 they 
 will be forwarded 1 to us within a week or so. (144) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Mr. James E. Bower, Il5 
 
 Peoria 1 , 111 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Mr. Harold 1 F. Perry, the purchaser 1 of 2028 Wilson 
 avenue, has frequently 1 communicated 1 with us regarding 
 your bond insuring against mechanic's 1 liens and municipal 1 
 claims. This settlement 1 was made by our Mr. Graham 1 on 
 February 1 24, 1907, and we have written to the purchaser 
 explaining 1 to him that the bond was apparently 1 over- 
 looked 1 at that time and that it would be useless to get it 
 now, as the time for filing such claims has expired 1 . How- 
 ever, he persists 1 in asking for it, saying the mortgagee 1 
 insists upon having it; and as Mr. Graham is still out of the 
 city, we are writing to ask whether you can suggest any 
 manner in which we can facilitate 1 matters in having this 
 bond prepared 1 for him. (123) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. Robert Snyder, Ii6 
 
 Lancaster 1 , Pa. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 I find that a friend of mine has a small farm of about 
 thirty acres located on the main line of the Pennsylvania 1 
 Railroad, about a mile north of Frazier. He values it at 
 $8000, but is willing, before selling it, to place a first mort- 
 gage 1 on it of about $4000. The house and all the buildings 
 are in good condition, and a stream of water runs through 
 the farm. He prefers 1 to sell for cash, although he might 
 
REAL ESTATE 69 
 
 consider a trade. Knowing that you desire to secure a farm 
 of this size, I shall be glad to make an appointment 1 for you 
 to examine it if you will call me on the telephone at an early 
 date. Owing to the excellent location, it should be valuable 
 from a speculative 1 as well as an investment 1 standpoint 1 . 
 Let me hear from you if you are interested 1 . (147) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Mr. Thomas Winton, 
 
 Utica 1 , N. Y. 117 
 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Sometime 1 ago you stated to us that you would take 
 up any small pieces of ground in Utica that would be offered 
 in exchange 1 for good equities 1 , and we are therefore sending 
 you herewith sketches of two lots recently brought to our 
 attention. 
 
 Block A is in a rapidly growing locality 1 and is valued 
 at $20, 000. There is at present a first mortgage 1 on it of $12, - 
 000 at 5 per cent. The house standing on the southeast 1 
 corner of this plot is in good condition, and perhaps 1 it 
 would be well to permit it to stand, as it is now bringing $35 
 per month, being a three-story, ten-room dwelling with back 
 shed, porch, and all conveniences 1 . The lots facing the 
 avenue are 16 x 85 ft., and those on the cross streets are 
 15 x 75 ft. 
 
 Block B represents 1 a strip of ground extending along 
 the north side of Park avenue, being 490 ft. in length and 
 60 ft. in depth. The price is $18,750, and the encumbrance 1 
 on it amounts to $10,000 at 6 per cent. Park avenue is not 
 improved at this point but can be dedicated 1 at any time, as 
 the owner of the lot also owns the bed of the street, and in 
 case of a sale of the lot he will dedicate the street. 
 
 Kindly advise us whether either or both of these 
 propositions 1 meet with your approval. (241 ) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
70 THE COMPLETE DICTATES 
 
 Miss Julia Harrison, 118 
 
 Manchester 1 , N. H 1 . 
 Dear Madam : 
 
 In paying the water rent on your property 1 up to 
 January 1 1, we find that the bill amounted to $6.88. As this 
 was for only a small portion of the year — from November 1 
 1 to January 1 — we would call your attention to the fact 
 that the terms of your lease provide that all water rent in 
 excess of $20 per annum shall be paid by the tenant 1 . This 
 bill would therefore indicate 1 that there is either waste or 
 leakage, and we would suggest, for your own benefit, that 
 you watch this matter and find out if there are any leaks. 
 If so, and you will so advise us, we will have the necessary 
 repairs 1 made for you at once. (122) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Cyrus M. Divine, Esq 1 ., 1 19 
 
 Pawtucket, R. I 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 In answer to your inquiry 1 regarding the best terms 
 we can procure for you upon the property 1 at Merion, we 
 would advise as follows : $5000 may remain in the existing 
 first mortgage 1 at 5. 4 per cent, for three years, the mort- 
 gagor 1 or his assigns 1 having the privilege 1 of paying off the 
 same at any interest 1 period. $2000 may remain upon the 
 existing second mortgage at 6 per cent., but this encum- 
 brance 1 is due within six months and must be paid at that 
 time. A building association 1 has promised to loan us 
 $2500 and take up the second mortgage when it becomes 
 due. They do not wish, however, to take $500 now and 
 the $2000 in six months ; so we would advise you to give us 
 a judgment note for the $500 until the expiration 1 of the 
 second mortgage, and then make the application 1 to the 
 building association for the full amount. (156) 
 Yours truly, 
 
LAW 
 
 Frederick 1 R. Holmes, Esq 1 ., 120 
 
 York 1 , Pa. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Accept my thanks for your letter of the 28th instant 
 and the letter of Messrs. Jones, Carter & Hune of the 29th 
 instant, enclosing check to the order of Mary R. Thomas for 
 $300.15. I also acknowledge 1 receipt of ten cents in stamps 
 to cover shortage 1 on check payable to the order of Burton 
 Thomas. The check and stamps have been turned over to 
 the respective 1 persons. 
 
 I regret that the balance of your fee for service ren- 
 dered 1 the estate of G. S. Pierce has not been paid. I 
 expect 1 , however, that since this additional 1 distribution 1 of 
 principal has been made, checks will soon be received, when 
 we will at once forward 1 the balance due you. (117) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 American 1 Boiler 1 Company, 12 1 
 
 Fort Wayne 1 , Iud 1 . 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 I have to advise you that suit was brought against 
 the Union Cold Storage 1 Company in the Superior 1 Court of 
 Chicago on the 17th of last October 1 , and the defendant 1 filed 
 a plea denying all liability 1 . Owing to the congestion 1 of 
 the courts in Chicago, I doubt very much whether the case 
 will be reached for trial before September 1 or October of this 
 year ; however, it may possibly be sooner. My legal repre- 
 sentative 1 in Chicago has copies of all the original 1 corre- 
 spondence 1 in the case, and I will therefore ask you to send 
 me the originals themselves so that I may determine 1 what 
 
 71 
 
72 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 dispositions 1 are necessary, after which I will return the 
 originals to you. 
 
 If I remember rightly 1 , the sale was made by your 
 Mr. Hayes or one of his representatives, and that the rest of 
 the contract was in writing. If you sent a specification 1 or 
 estimate 1 which was subsequently 1 converted into a contract, 
 I shall be pleased to receive either the original or a copy 
 of it. (170) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 R. S. Grant, Esq 1 ., Clerk, 122 
 
 County Court, 
 
 Petersburg 1 , Va 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 I enclose herewith for recording in your office deed 
 from R. T. Stokes to Tidewater 1 Company, which please 
 admit of record immediately and wire me the name and vol- 
 ume 1 of the record book in which it is recorded and the page 
 at which the record begins. At the sametime, please mail 
 me a memorandum 1 of the amount of the recording fee so 
 that I may be enabled to send you a check by return mail. 
 Do not delay the recording of the deed in order to receive the 
 recording fee, as it is necessary that the matter should be 
 attended to at once in order that papers may be executed 1 
 on Monday the 6th instant. (115) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Hon. Robert Graham 1 , 123 
 
 Secretary 1 of the Commonwealth 1 , 
 Harrisburg 1 , Pa. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 I send you herewith the application 1 for a charter 1 
 for the Niagara 1 Power Company. Kindly inform 1 me at 
 
LAW 73 
 
 your early convenience 1 if this charter is now in such form 
 that it will be granted, giving me at the sametime the 
 amount of the bonus tax, the fees of your office, and the date 
 (leaving sufficient 1 time for publication 1 ) to be inserted 1 in 
 the advertisement as the date on which application for the 
 charter will be made. (76) 
 
 Very respectfully yours, 
 
 ArthurS. Jones, Esq 1 ., President, 124 
 
 Canadian 1 Banking Company, 
 Quebec 1 , Can 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 In accordance 1 with our conversation 1 this morning, 
 I have advised Mr. Henry T. Brown who has charge of the 
 stock subscription 1 lists of the Sterling 1 Life Assurance 1 
 and Trust Company, now in course of formation, that the 
 charge of the Canadian Banking Company for receiving and 
 receipting for payments on account of the subscriptions to 
 capital 1 stock, and afterward 1 exchanging its deposit 
 receipts for stock certificates 1 , will be $250. Against this 
 the Canadian Banking Company will allow interest on cur- 
 rent 1 amounts of money so received at the rate of 2 J per 
 cent, per annum. (94) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 David 1 E. Harvey, Esq 1 ., 125 
 
 Wabash 1 , Ind 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Mrs. Sarah Willing, of this city, has placed in my 
 hands for collection 1 six months interest 1 on mortgage 1 of 
 premises 1 234 Green street, at 5.4 per cent., due November 1 
 30, 1906, amounting to $70.75. If this interest is not paid 
 and the tax receipts delivered to me at once, in accordance 1 
 
74 THE COMPLETE DICTA TEft 
 
 with the provisions 1 of the mortgage, I shall be forced to 
 proceed to the foreclosure 1 of the mortgage. 
 
 Kindly let me hear from you immediately. (77) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. John R. Bingham 1 , . 126 
 
 Warren 1 , Pa. 
 My dear Sir : 
 
 Mr. James T. Lacey in his letter of the 23d instant 
 forwarded 1 to me the enclosed draft of a lease in duplicate 1 , 
 dated the 20th instant, for right of way for a ditch. If you 
 find it satisfactory 1 , there is no objection to the execution 1 
 of it in its present form. You can call a meetiDg of your 
 board of directors 1 to authorize 1 the execution of it, or you 
 can execute it and let it be ratified 1 afterward 1 by your 
 board. If it is not satisfactory, it should be returned to me 
 with such criticisms 1 as you think proper 1 to make, and I 
 will rewrite 1 it accordingly. (106) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 George Lawrence 1 , Esq 1 ., 127 
 
 Rock Hill, S. C 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Accept my thanks for your letter of the 8th instant, 
 which I have carefully considered. I do not think a suit in 
 equity 1 would lie under the circumstances 1 , until we had 
 secured judgment. When you have perfected 1 your plead- 
 ings, will you be kind enough to send me a copy of our 
 files ; and then anticipating 1 our judgment, you might 
 make a draft of the bill in equity, setting out the grounds 
 upon which we pray relief 1 . If you will send this draft to 
 me, I will give it my attention and return it to you in 
 ample time to have it filed. (102) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
LAW 75 
 
 Henry R. Baker., Esq 1 ., 
 
 Schenectady 1 , N. Y. 128 
 
 My dear Mr. Baker: 
 
 Pursuant 1 to your request, I beg to enclose herewith 
 my account for services rendered 1 in the case of Silver 
 Lumber 1 Company vs. John R. Benner, Receiver. I have 
 been somewhat at a loss to determine 1 the amount of the 
 fee in this case, owing to the peculiar 1 circumstances 1 
 of the collection 1 , and I should be glad to have you 
 take this as merely an indication 1 of my opinion 1 . If it 
 should seem to you either too large or too small, I beg* 
 that you will alter it to suit your ideas of what a proper 1 
 remuneration 1 would be under the circumstances. (100) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 I. H. May land, Esq., 129 
 
 Lincoln 1 , Neb 1 . 
 My dear Sir : 
 
 I beg to advise you of my intention 1 to appeal from 
 judgment in the case of Moore vs. Wilkins 1 on Wednesday, 
 July 1, and I propose on that day to make application 1 for 
 approval 1 of the following surety 1 in the sum of $1500 : 
 Morris E. Brennon 1 , who resides at 1416 Prince street, Lin- 
 coln, which property 1 is in his name and was purchased by 
 him from William E. Hunt, the deed being recorded in the 
 name of Morris E. Brennon. The value of the property is 
 $15,000, and the only lien against it is a first mortgage 1 of 
 $5000. 
 
 If Wednesday will not suit your convenience 1 , I will 
 postpone 1 application for approval until Thursday or what- 
 ever time may suit you, in order that you may investigate 1 
 the surety. (130) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
76 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 Messrs. Smith & Crosman, 130 
 
 Pasadena 1 , Cal 1 . 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 In answer to your letter of the 1st inst., I must say 
 that while I am disposed to leniency 1 , as you must have 
 gathered from my letters, nevertheless 1 I am compelled to 
 follow instructions 1 given me by my client, the Union Steel 
 Casting Company. I read them your letter, and they state 
 that if you cannot pay the monthly installments 1 , they will 
 get a judgment against you without further delay. I asked 
 them if they would wait until next Monday for the install- 
 ments in arrears 1 . They are willing to do this, but if the 
 money is not forthcoming 1 at that time, I am instructed 1 to 
 bring suit against you at once. I trust this will not be nec- 
 essary and that you will send me a check for the back 
 installments at your very earliest convenience 1 . (136) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Joseph Herman 1 , Esq., Vice-Pres 1 ., 131 
 
 Western 1 Coal and Coke Company, 
 Birmingham 1 , Ala. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 On May 14 I sent you the supplemental 1 mortgage 1 
 of the Western Coal and Coke Company, covering the three 
 tracts of land upon which there remain unpaid purchase- 
 money mortgages. I did this in order that it might be 
 executed 1 by the officers of the Western Coal and Coke Com- 
 pany and returned to me for execution 1 by the Eastern 1 
 Trust Company, and then forwarded 1 for record to Tucker 
 county. Although it has been more than two months since 
 this mortgage was sent to you, it has not been returned to 
 me. I shall appreciate 1 it if you will look into the matter 
 and send the mortgage to me as soon as possible, in order 
 that the affairs of the company may be wound 1 up and 
 turned over to you. (129) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
PUBLISHING 
 
 Greensburg 1 Paper Co., 132 
 
 Greeosburg, Pa. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 Please submit us prices on the following, giving 
 earliest date of delivery : 100 R. magazine 1 paper, averaging 1 
 150 lbs., in three grades of calenders 1 ; i. e., type, half-tone, 
 and three-colored ; 300 R. book paper, English 1 laid, with 
 our water mark ; 200 R. book paper, 100 lbs., regular 1 bond. 
 
 The last consignment 1 of calendered paper invoiced 
 by you on the 20th ultimo 1 , was of inferior 1 quality 1 and 
 failed to bring out the half-tones as a coated paper of that 
 grade should. The presses were started before this was 
 noticed, otherwise 1 the shipment would have been returned. 
 We trust greater 1 care will be exercised 1 in maintaining 1 
 quality in the future. (Ill) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Mr. George E. Brooks, 133 
 
 Lexington 1 , Ky 1 . 
 Dear Sir: 
 
 Replying to your favor of the 17th inst., we beg to 
 say that we should like very much to comply with your 
 request concerning 1 Forward 1 subscriptions 1 , but it is not 
 possible to do so. The single subscription price of Forward 
 is 75c. a year, and at that price we address to individuals 1 , 
 but at the school subscription rate of 50c. a year, we cannot 
 do any individual addressing. We are frequently 1 asked to 
 do this, and uniformly 1 ' have to decline. Forward is a very 
 costly paper to produce, the illustrations 1 and literary 1 mat- 
 ter being almost entirely original 1 with us, and there is no 
 margin 1 for individual addressing at the 50c. price. (114) 
 Yours truly, 
 77 
 
78 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 Mr. L. E. Burk, 134 
 
 Montreal 1 , Can 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 You will note from the enclosed announcement 1 that 
 we have in press a new edition of Bryce's American Com- 
 monwealth 1 , edited by Prof 1 . Garner 1 and Dr. Shearer 1 , 
 which, though entirely distinct 1 , will form an invaluable 1 
 companion 1 work, supplementing 1 the Garner and Lodge 
 History 1 of the United States. We have decided that if you 
 wish to remit the full amount of your account at once 
 instead of on the monthly-payment plan, we will send you 
 The American Commonwealth without cost, in binding to 
 match your set of the History of the United States. For 
 your convenience 1 we enclose a blank, the use of which will 
 secure you one of the first copies of the new work to come 
 from the bindery 1 . (117) 
 
 Faithfully 1 yours, 
 
 Mr. R. J. Gibbons, 135 
 
 Jacksonville 1 , Fla 1 . 
 Dear Mr. Gibbons : 
 
 In accordance 1 with our policy, we are continually 1 
 adding to our line of standard 1 editions, and we hope the 
 enclosed circular 1 will prove of interest to you. As you will 
 see, we have brought out a new edition of Shakespeare 1 , one 
 of Stevenson 1 , and one of Kingsley 1 , and are also offering 
 some other sets at an extremely low figure. The premium 
 offer is also a very attractive 1 one, as you are entitled 1 to 
 your choice of any one of the volumes advertised with each 
 set purchased. We will ship you at our expense any of the 
 sets, and if they do not prove satisfactory, you may return 
 them to us without cost or obligation to yourself. 
 
 Kindly indicate your wishes in the matter, and believe 
 us to be (128) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
PUBLISHING 79 
 
 Mr. F. A. McBride, 136 
 
 Jersey City 1 , N. J 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We enclose you herewith a copy of a letter which we 
 sent to our other depositories 1 and representative 1 houses on 
 Saturday last. This will indicate clearly to you our posi- 
 tion in the matter of beginning and ending subscriptions 1 to 
 the School Journal. Of course, what is said in this letter 
 refers to the matter of subscriptions only, and not to any 
 orders that may be placed with the manufacturing 1 depart- 
 ment 1 . 
 
 In the matter of discounts we allow publishers 1 , we 
 beg to say that it is not our custom to allow any discount on 
 our periodicals 1 , and we do not see why we should make an 
 exception in the case of individual 1 subscriptions to the 
 School Journal . (115) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Dr. J. C. Rockwell 1 , 137 
 
 Wheeling, W. Va 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 It is with a feeling of no little pride that we are ship- 
 ping you today, charges 1 prepaid, volumes 1 I-XII inclusive 1 
 of the Lodge History 1 of Nations. The remaining volumes 
 are now in press, and will be delivered within a few weeks. 
 
 You probably 1 know that this great history has been 
 in preparation 1 for many years, and is only now completed. 
 Our investment 1 in the plates and plant is almost as much 
 as in all our other publications 1 combined. We have taken 
 infinite 1 pains with every editorial 1 feature of the work, 
 such as historical 1 scholarship 1 , minute 1 accuracy 1 , and lit- 
 erary 1 style ; and also with all points of mechanical 1 detail, 
 including paper, press- work, illustrations 1 , and binding. 
 The set has involved 1 enormous 1 financial 1 outlay — about 
 double the amount we originally 1 estimated 1 . 
 
80 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 You are one of the early subscribers 1 who were 
 prompt to take advantage of our liberal introductory 1 con- 
 cession 1 in price, and as soon as you have examined the vol- 
 umes, we would appreciate 1 an expression from you upon 
 the merits of the work. (171) 
 
 Cordially 1 yours, 
 
 Dr. Henry M. Brooks, 138 
 
 Zanesville 1 , O. 
 Dear Doctor : 
 
 We beg leave to call your attention to the enclosed 
 circular 1 of Anderson's 1 Principles and Practice of Medicine 1 . 
 We believe, however, that you are in a measure familiar 1 
 with this work, as it is recognized as a standard 1 text-book 1 , 
 not only in the United States, but abroad. Dr. Anderson 
 is original 1 in the arrangement 1 of his book, and all books of 
 this character 1 written since have used the same outline. 
 He is a recognized authority 1 on typhoid 1 fever, and we 
 would call your attention particularly to the chapter on this 
 subject. This book is the adopted text in eighty -four medi- 
 cal colleges in this country. 
 
 We take pleasure in forwarding 1 a copy for your 
 examination 1 , which kindly accept with our compliments. 
 We trust a critical 1 review of the book will result in your 
 recommending it for use in your institution. (140) 
 Yours very respectfully, 
 
 Messrs. Kline, Potter & Co., 139 
 
 Parkersburg 1 , W. Ya 1 . 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We are in receipt of your favor of the 12th instant, 
 and in reply beg to state that we issue uniform 1 editions of 
 Scott. Scott's novels are complete in 48 volumes 1 , and are 
 bound in two styles. The Waverly 1 edition is one of the 
 finest from a mechanical 1 point of view that our house pub- 
 
PUBLISHING 81 
 
 lisbes 1 . The books are printed on a Holland 1 laid water- 
 marked paper. A Scotch-faced type is used, with wide mar- 
 gin 1 . The illustrations 1 , of which there are ninety-six, are 
 photogravures 1 , and were imported 1 from Roupel & Co., 
 Paris. Ornamental 1 title pages in three colors complete the 
 interior 1 features 1 . The volumes are 12mo, uniform in size, 
 with gilt tops and uncut edges. We publish this edition in 
 a shot-silk cloth, with hand tooling and an inlaid design of 
 a thistle 1 . The price of the cloth edition is $36 and the 
 levant $22, less 35% on lots of 20 or more f. o. b 1 ., Chicago. 
 Yours very truly, ( 1 63 ) 
 
 Mr. John L. Moore, Principal, 140 
 
 Union Business College, 
 
 Cohoes, N. Y. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Your order for a dozen copies of our typewriting 1 
 manual 1 is in hand. Before we can fill this order we must 
 remind you that we have not yet had a dollar on account of 
 the books sent you last August ; besides which, we have on 
 our shelves 1 a dead stock of your old manuals taken in full 
 exchange 1 for ours. Considering our liberality 1 in the 
 initial 1 transaction 1 and in the indulgence 1 extended to you 
 in the settlement 1 of our bills, do you not think it unfair to 
 expect 1 us to continue 1 shipping books to you when you have 
 failed thus far to pay any attention to our bills and state- 
 ments ? We are sure you will agree with us that this is not 
 good business, either for you or for ourselves. Run upon 
 such a policy, your institution would be in the hands of a 
 receiver in short order, would it not? Kindly take the 
 same view from the standpoint 1 of our enterprise 1 , and send 
 us your check in full of account. When this is done, we 
 shall be happy to send you the manuals just ordered. (186) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
CONTRACTING 
 
 Messrs. Kaighn & Draper, 141 
 
 Reading, Pa. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We hereby propose to furnish 1 all labor and materi- 
 als 1 for the erection and completion of the reinforced 1 con- 
 crete 1 work in the new office and laboratory 1 buildings for 
 the Talking Machine Company in Washington 1 , D. C, 
 including centering, asphalt 1 floors, safety treads on stairs, 
 and cement 1 finish 1 , as per plans and specifications 1 of your 
 architect 1 . This also includes all foundation 1 work, but 
 does not include any excavation 1 ; neither does it include 
 any of the steel, this steel, of whatever description 1 , being 
 furnished by another contractor 1 to the owners. (87) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Mr. John M. Allison 1 , 142 
 
 Chester, Pa. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Presuming 1 that your company will be the recipient 1 
 of the award 1 for street paving, I beg to apply for an early 
 date for laying asphalt 1 pavement 1 on Titan street between 
 30th and 31st streets north of Wharton 1 avenue. I am get- 
 ting the lamps erected and everything in readiness, as I 
 am anxious to have the work done. The houses are renting 
 rapidly, and the people are eager to take possession 1 . As 
 the paving will be a cash transaction 1 , you will oblige me 
 very much by filing the application at once and giving it 
 your best attention. I would call to see you about the mat- 
 ter, but press of business prevents 1 my doing so. I expect 
 to be ready to have the work started in a week. (126) 
 Yours very truly, 
 82 
 
CONTRACTING 83 
 
 Messrs. George D. Hill & Co., 143 
 
 Burlington 1 , Vt. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 A dealer here offers us your pure white-lead in oil in 
 quantities 1 at 6^0. per pound, thirty days net, or 2% off for 
 cash in fifteen days. Your Mr. Hill assured us the other 
 day that we were buying at dealers' lowest prices. If you 
 make more than one quality 1 of lead, the quotation 1 given 
 us by the dealer 1 is easily understood 1 ; but if there is but 
 one quality, his price is just the same as yours, and we do 
 not suppose dealers work for nothing ; it is certainly 1 
 unusual 1 for them to do so. We have nothing to say at 
 present about oil, turpentine 1 , and other colors, but we are 
 particularly interested in white-lead. Since we have taken 
 out a number of permits, we shall be in the market for con- 
 siderable quantities of your products, and you will therefore 
 oblige us by submitting your lowest prices. (151 ) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 The Kimball 1 Glue Company, 144 
 
 Seattle 1 , Wash 1 . 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We beg leave to hand you herewith our estimate 1 for 
 the work comprised in contract No. 10, as per plans and 
 specifications 1 of Mr. Andrew Smith, architect 1 , for the 
 erection of your new building. This estimate does not 
 include any excavation 1 because the plans do not show the 
 amounts of such work to be done. We will do all such 
 excavating at the rate of fifty cents per cubic yard, supposing 
 that the amount of earth excavated can be used in filling 
 where such is required. We will guarantee 1 our work and 
 designs to pass the inspection 1 of the bureau of building, 
 and agree that unless it does so, any contract entered into 
 by us with you shall be considered void. 
 
84 THE COMPLETE DICTATEE 
 
 This proposal 1 is signed by the vice-president 1 of the 
 company ; if accepted, a subsequent 1 contract will be made 
 under seal of the corporation 1 . (145) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Messrs. Hastings 1 & Morrison 1 , 145 
 
 St. Louis 1 , Mo. 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 Since seeing your Mr. Morrison I find that I cannot 
 make the gable-end houses as large as expected 1 , and I have 
 therefore decided to have only three windows in the front of 
 each house instead of four, as you originally 1 estimated 1 . 
 There will be two windows on the second floor and one on 
 the first floor. The window in the bath-room 1 will be an 
 odd size, and Messrs. Swan 1 , Benson & Company will give 
 you the proper dimensions 1 for it. This will make another 
 change in the estimate, and I trust I shall not h^ve to 
 trouble you with any further corrections 1 . (104) 
 Very respectfully yours, 
 
 Messrs. R. L. Huff's Sons & Co., 146 
 
 Nashville 1 , Tenn. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We are this morning in receipt of the blue-prints 1 for 
 the foundation 1 and the extra copies of the specifications 1 . 
 Will you kindly let us have the other drawings as rapidly 
 as you can, as it is our desire to send a foreman to your city 
 early next week. 
 
 Enclosed please find the executed copy of the contract, 
 in accordance 1 with our promise to you. We have made 
 provision 1 for rushing this work to a speedy completion. 
 
 We want to take this, opportunity to thank you per- 
 sonally 1 for the acts of courtesy 1 of which we have been the 
 recipients 1 at your hands, and to beg to remain (107) 
 Very sincerely yours, 
 
CONTRACTING 85 
 
 Mr. John McLaughlin 1 , 147 
 
 Petersburg 1 , Va 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 I expect to have the ground plottings 1 of the houses to 
 be erected on Green street, ready by the latter part of the 
 week. I am promised them from the architect 1 on Thurs- 
 day or Friday. When I receive them I will want to see you 
 to talk over details. The cellar digging will not be of great 
 moment, owing to the fact that I intend 1 to elevate the 
 houses considerably 1 above the sidewalk 1 , and much of the 
 material immediately around them will be used for grading 
 purposes 1 . I will write you a card just as soon as the plot- 
 ting is completed, asking for an interview 1 . (105) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. John R. Lee, 148 
 
 Topeka, Kaus. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Your proposition for hauling bricks is received and 
 accepted. The salmon bricks are to be dumped and the 
 stretchers 1 to be piled. Three cars will be on hand the 
 beginning of the week, and they will probably 1 come in one 
 shipment. I was not aware when I ordered the cars that I 
 had only forty-eight hours in which to unload them. Here- 
 after 1 I will order one car at a time so that they will arrive 
 a few days apart, which will give you a chance to haul the 
 bricks at your leisure. The Atchison 1 , Topeka and Santa Fe 1 
 Railroad allows four days for unloading, which led me 
 astray. If it is convenient 1 to you, and in order to prevent 1 
 delay, I would like you to pay the freight on these cars as 
 they arrive and telephone me the amount, and I will send a 
 check at once to reimburse 1 you ; or if the road will deliver 
 the bricks without the freight charges being paid until I 
 receive a memorandum 1 of the amount, it will suit me as 
 well. My object is not to incur demurrage 1 charges. (186) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
86 THE COMPLETE DICTATED 
 
 Messrs. Willard 1 & Webb, M9 
 
 Camden, N. J 1 . 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We have gone over the plans for your proposed ware- 
 house exhaustively 1 and find, contrary to our expectations 1 
 when we saw you on Wednesday, that it will be impossible 
 for us to give you a figure 1 on the work by this afternoon 1 . 
 The volume 1 of the work is so great and the time is so short 
 as to preclude the possibility 1 of such action. If after the 
 bids are received the matter still should be unsettled 1 in 
 your mind, we shall be very glad to give you a figure for 
 the erection of this work, in accordance 1 with the designs of 
 our own engineer, and will guarantee 1 the results to pass 
 inspection 1 as to materials, workmanship 1 , and time of com- 
 pletion. This we are willing to do under bond. (127) 
 Yours respectfully, 
 
 The James C. Hood Engineering 1 Co., 150 
 
 Norfolk 1 , Ya 1 . 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 We beg to acknowledge 1 receipt of your corporation 1 
 notice, and would say that the nature of your work will be 
 kept constantly 1 in mind. Be assured that we shall take 
 pleasure in suggesting your name to all inquiring 1 clients 
 contemplating 1 such construction 1 as you are so well 
 equipped 1 to execute 1 . 
 
 In consideration of your various lines of usefulness 1 , 
 may we request that you keep our somewhat peculiar 1 
 specialties 1 in mind also, since we are prepared to protect 1 
 you in the testing, acceptance 1 , and prompt shipment of all 
 your construction materials 1 , such as timber, cement 1 , iron, 
 and steel. 
 
 Bespeaking 1 for your operation 1 a generous 1 share of 
 profitable 1 commissions 1 , believe us to be (111) 
 Kespectfully yours, 
 
CONTRACTING 87 
 
 Messrs. L. H. Vandergrift 1 &Co., 151 
 
 Toronto 1 , Can 1 . 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 Your letter of the 18th instant is at hand concerning 1 
 fire proofing 1 of the storage 1 warehouse. We beg to say that 
 this is not in our line, and it would be useless, therefore, for 
 us to attempt to give you a bid on it. It would, however, 
 be interesting 1 to us to know the history 1 of this contract 
 at your convenience 1 , inasmuch 1 as our figure 1 to you was 
 lower, as we know perfectly 1 well, than the same building 
 could have been erected for in steel. We understand 1 that 
 there has been a change made in the floor loads of the build- 
 ing from 300 to 200 pounds. Had we been apprised of this 
 change, we could have in all probability 1 reduced our price, 
 which would have brought it below the price you obtained 
 for steel. (133) 
 
 Sincerely yours, 
 
 Messrs. J. K. Middleton 1 & Co., • 152 
 
 Wilmington 1 , Del 1 . 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 We are in receipt of a set of plans and specifications 1 
 for a new building to be built in Savannah, Ga., for the 
 Boyne Shoe Company. If you have no objection to so doing, 
 a letter from you to these people would, we believe, estab- 
 lish 1 us firmly in first place for this work. We are writing 
 to you in this connection 1 because the people concerned 1 are 
 in the shoe business, and we feel certain must be customers 
 of yours, or at least known to you. If you can in any way 
 assist 1 us, we shall be very much obliged. 
 
 In regard to Mr. Gladstone 1 , he is perfectly 1 satisfied 
 with the proposition 1 submitted, and we are rather of the 
 opinion 1 that his decision 1 will be favorable. (125) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
88 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 Mr. James E. Folsom 1 , 153 
 
 Troy, N. Y. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We have been asked by your treasurer 1 to seud you a 
 catalogue 1 of our business. We have never had one printed, 
 owing to the fact that we are not believers 1 in any special 
 system of reinforced 1 concrete 1 work. Each problem as it 
 arises needs its own special treatment by a competent engi- 
 neer 1 , and our object is to give each piece of work such treat- 
 ment and, in addition, to obtain the results which come 
 from careful and systematic 1 workmanship 1 . If you have 
 at any time any problems in reinforced concrete work, we 
 shall be glad to cooperate 1 with you in their solution, and 
 will guarantee 1 that our designs will pass the inspection 1 of 
 the bureaus of building construction 1 in any of the large 
 cities. (123) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Mr. A. K. B. Carroll 1 , 154 
 
 Pittsburgh 1 , Pa. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 I see in the American Contractor 1 your advertisement 
 of plumbers' goods at wholesale 1 prices. I also notice your 
 outfit 1 in the advertising sketch, which is about what I 
 want for small, low-priced houses ; namely, 5 J ft. enameled 1 
 tub, toilet, and stand with fittings. You wall please give 
 me your lowest quotation for cash in carload lots f. o. b 1 ., 
 New York. The goods must be guaranteed 1 , and the 
 fittings and supplies that go with them must be of standard 1 
 quality 1 , so that when the work is completed there will be 
 no repairs to follow. I shall need for the coming season 
 seventy sets ; that is, plumbing material for seventy houses. 
 I expect 1 to be in Pittsburgh later in the season, as I am 
 negotiating 1 for other goods in your vicinity 1 , such as mill 
 work, cabinet 1 work, etc 1 ., and if your prices are satisfac- 
 
CONTRACTING 89 
 
 tory, T will call on you to examine your stock. I purchase 
 all my supplies in carload lots in order to get the lowest 
 price for the best goods. How many outfits can you put in 
 a freight car? (181) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Messrs. Lukens & Deever, 155 
 
 Austin, Tex. 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 Your letter received in regard to furnishing 1 build- 
 ing stone. I beg to state that I have all the building stone 
 I require in Milton ; in fact, I have a quarry 1 large enough 
 to furnish the entire 1 neighborhood 1 . I do, however, want 
 building stone for forty-seven houses at 30th and Cherry 
 streets. If you will call upon me in the afternoon 1 between 
 two and five o'clock, I will give you the exact 1 quantity 1 , 
 although I think it will be about 1200 or 1300 perches. I 
 want a quotation 1 on stone delivered at 28th street and Ferry 
 avenue, or at some other point equally accessible 1 , but 
 before deciding details I should prefer 1 seeing you. (112) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Aaron Furniture 1 Co., 156 
 
 Trenton 1 , N. J. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We see by current 1 papers that your steel and brick 
 building has been destroyed by fire. We suppose this will 
 necessitate 1 a building operation 1 , and should like to call 
 your attention to the manifold 1 advantages of our rein- 
 forced 1 concrete 1 building, both from the rapidity 1 of con- 
 struction 1 and immunity 1 from fire. The building itself 
 being absolutely 1 fire-proof 1 and necessitating upon your 
 part the carrying of insurance 1 on your stock only, is surely 
 a profitable 1 factor 1 . We shall be glad to take this matter 
 up with you more fully with a view to doing the work for 
 you. (97) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
STOCK BROKERAGE 
 
 Mr. William J. Taylor 1 , 157 
 
 Omaha 1 , Neb 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Your favor of the 27th inst. addressed to our New 
 York 1 office, has been referred to us. We do not care to 
 make a practice of opening accounts for less than 1000 shares 
 of stock. We might make an exception in some cases, but 
 in any event we do not care to purchase less than 500 shares 
 to be held as collateral 1 security for money advanced. To 
 avoid misunderstanding 1 , we should prefer 1 to have tele- 
 grams 1 signed in full. We are returning your check from 
 New York today, and should you in future wish to make a 
 remittance 1 , kindly forward 1 us a draft on New York or 
 Philadelphia 1 , obtainable 1 at your bank. 
 
 You ask us our opinion 1 of the outlook for National 
 Salt preferred. There is no preferred stock of the National 
 Salt Co. (130) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. Winston Belfield, 158 
 
 New Haven 1 , Conn 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We have to advise you that the par value of Nash- 
 ville and Decatur is $100 per share. The road is leased to 
 the Nashville, Florence and Sheffield 1 Co., the under- 
 ground 1 system in Nashville, for 10 per cent, on the stock, 
 thus netting about 5 per cent, on the present market price. 
 The dividend 1 is payable quarterly 1 , the last one having 
 been paid October 1 1. 
 
 In reference to the National Car Wheel Co. , we pre- 
 sume you are aw T are that the new bond to be issued is in 
 
 90 
 
STOCK BROKERAGE 91 
 
 the nature of a collateral 1 trust, having the stock of the 
 National Car Wheel Co. as security 1 ; that is, every $1200 
 of these bonds will have as security 100 shares of the stock 
 of this company. In addition to this security, the National 
 Steel Co. is to pay $2,000,000 into a fund to be used for 
 betterments 1 and extensions to plants and properties 1 of 
 companies turned over by the National Car Wheel Co. to the 
 new company. The National Steel Co. was incorporated 1 
 in February 1 , 1902 ; capital, §4,000,000 preferred 1 and 
 $3,000,000 common. ( 183) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Robert S. Hunter, Esq 1 ., 159 
 
 St. Joseph 1 , Mo. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 In reply to your favor of the 19th inst., we wired 
 you today stating that the last sale of New Mexico 1 Fuel 
 Co. stock was in December 1 , 1902, at $32 per share. The 
 auctioneers 1 have 25 shares advertised for sale tomorrow, 
 but we are informed 1 that this stock has been withdrawn 1 . 
 Should you wish to offer any tomorrow, we shall be glad 
 to attend to the matter for you, if you will kindly com- 
 municate 1 with our New York 1 office not later than 11.30 
 a. m. Auction sales are held every Wednesday at 12 
 o'clock noon, and ordinarily 1 an advertising charge of $1 is 
 made. In this case, of course, there would be no such 
 
 charge. (115) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Mr. John C. Crompton, 160 
 
 Fall River 1 , Mass. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We greatly regret the delay in the delivery of the 
 New Amsterdam 1 Gas Co. certificates 1 . However, as 
 
92 THE COMPLETE DICTA TER 
 
 brokers, we could hardly ask to have this transaction 1 can- 
 celled 1 , as we really have no good reason to ask it after we 
 had entered into the contract. The New Amsterdam people 
 offered to deliver their receipts, which we refused. Had 
 the bonds been delivered to us promptly, of course your 
 money could now be invested at the prevailing 1 rates. 
 Furthermore 1 , the accruing interest is only 5 per cent., 
 and the average price of money since that time has been 
 over 5 per cent. Should you so desire, however, we should 
 be glad to have you write a letter to Messrs. Kaudom, 
 Nally & Co. informing 1 them that we purchased the bonds 
 for your account, and stating your grievances 1 to them. 
 
 Very truly yours, (135) 
 
 Messrs. Kremer & Duncan 1 , 161 
 
 Los Angeles 1 , Cal 1 . 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 We are writing you in the thought that probably 1 the 
 general mortgage 1 4h per cent, bonds of the Mobile and 
 Florida Railroad Co. might interest you. The price is about 
 87, at which figure they will, of course, net slightly over 5 
 per cent. There is a 2 per cent, per annum sinking fund 
 clause. Interest periods 1 are January 1 and July, the bonds 
 having been issued early in 1902 and offered as a privilege 1 
 to the stockholders 1 at 87|. 
 
 A Japanese 1 6 per cent, bond selling at, say, 87 would 
 cost $870, and you would be entitled to the accruing interest 
 since October 1 5. A 4J per cent, bond selling at, say, 82 
 would cost $820, and you would be entitled to the interest 
 accruing — on the first series since August 15 and on the sec- 
 ond series since July 10. Both the first and second series of 
 the 6's may be called after April 5, 1906, on six months 
 notice. The first series ^'s may be called upon six months 
 
STOCK BROKERAGE 93 
 
 notice after February 1 15, 1907, and the second series 4^'s 
 after July 10, 1907. At maturity 1 the holder 1 will receive 
 $874 for each $200, which, to our usage, is equivalent 1 to a 
 $1000 bond. (209) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Mr. Samuel V. Duff, 162 
 
 Gloucester 1 , Mass. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Answering your inquiry 1 of the 30th ult., we under- 
 stand 1 a stop loss order to be entered according to the 
 enclosed order blank, whick no doubt is just what you 
 intend 1 . It is believed in what ought to be very good quar- 
 ters that the next dividend 1 on Pennsylvania 1 Railroad stock 
 will be increased to the rate of 7 per cent, per annum. This 
 may have the effect 1 of not only advancing the market price 
 of the stock, but also of stimulating 1 the rest of the market. 
 On the other hand, there is some timidity 1 in accumulating 
 stocks at present, owing to the near approach of the elec- 
 tions 1 which might have a depressing effect upon the market. 
 Yours truly, (115) 
 
 Arthur N. Blackburn, Esq 1 ., 163 
 
 Memphis, Tenn. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We have your letter of the 13th inst. with enclosures 1 
 as stated. We beg leave to return herewith 8 shares Yicks- 
 burg 1 , Shreveport 1 and Pacific common and 7 shares pre- 
 ferred 1 , which have practically 1 no value. At auction a lot 
 of 89 shares common sold for 10 cents, and there were sales 
 of preferred at one cent a share. 
 
 We are trying to have the company admit the trans- 
 
94 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 fer 1 of 2 shares of Santa Fe 1 Eailroad preferred stock made 
 in the name of Harriet L. Smith and endorsed 1 by the admin- 
 istrator 1 , Harriet L. McBride, upon our guarantee 1 that they 
 were one and the same person. We will also require a 
 power of attorney 1 for $1000 Atlanta and Charlotte Air Line 
 to be signed by the administrator. When the several secur- 
 ities 1 that we retain are in good shape, we will place selling 
 orders at best market prices and promptly remit checks for 
 proceeds. The several companies will keep short certifi- 
 cates 1 on file. (159) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. Clayton C. Eice, 1 64 
 
 Albany, N. Y. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 In reference to Atlanta and West Point, we have to 
 report that while no dividend 1 has ever been paid on this 
 stock, it is an independent 1 road, and owing to its terminal 1 
 facilities 1 at Chicago, St. Paul, and Minneapolis, there have 
 been rumors from time to time that it will eventually 1 
 become a part of one of the great northwestern 1 systems. 
 We are sending you under separate 1 cover the last annual 
 report which is very comprehensive 1 and contains a map of 
 the territory 1 through which the road passes. As this is the 
 only report we have, we will thank you to return it after it 
 has answered your purpose 1 . (108) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Messrs. Conway & Biddle, 165 
 
 Lowell, Mass. 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 For your information we would say that the annual 
 statement of the South Mississippi 1 Railroad Co., recently 
 
STOCK BROKERAGE 95 
 
 issued^ shows a surplus 1 , after paying dividends 1 at the rate 
 of 5 per cent., of about $2,400,000 for the fiscal 1 year. 
 
 The Paul Jones Co. at present is paying dividends at 
 the rate of 4 per cent, per annum on $50 par, but the earn- 
 ings are greatly in excess of the distribution 1 , and it is re- 
 ported that the dividend will be increased in the near 
 future. 
 
 Should you wish to buy either of these stocks and not 
 pay for them in full, we will advance the necessary amounts 
 on lots of not less than 100 shares, within about $25 or $30 
 per share of the present market price, to be kept good in case 
 of any reasonable decline. (139) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 W. Stanton McComb, Esq., 166 
 
 Grand Eapids 1 , Mich. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We have pleasure in acknowledging 1 the receipt of 
 your favor of the 17th inst. The par value of the stock of 
 the Berlin Electric 1 Light Co. is $10 per share, capital stock 
 issued $2,000,000, and the company has bonds outstanding 
 of about $800,000. For the year ending December 1 31, 1906, 
 the company has reported a surplus 1 , after paying 6 per cent. 
 dividend 1 , of about $90,000. The prices obtained for light 
 this year have been considerably 1 in excess of the prices 
 ruling last year, and it is said that the company's earnings 
 in consequence 1 have materially 1 increased and that the 
 next dividend may be at an advanced rate. Should you 
 wish to buy this or any other stock, and only a small 
 amount, please send us a bank draft on Chicago and instruct 
 us to purchase at the best market price when the order 
 reaches us. (149) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
96 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 Messrs Jenks & Clark, 167 
 
 Elgin, 111 1 . 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 The executive 1 committee of the Chicago and North- 
 western 1 Kailroad Co. has adopted the following plan pro- 
 viding for the fractional 1 shares of each stockholder 1 . The 
 company will find the total amount of the fractional shares 
 and will issue preferred 1 and common stock for the same, 
 and sell the preferred and common stock at auction. From 
 the amount thus realized they will deduct 1 one hundred 1 
 dollars per share as being the amount due the company, and 
 will divide the balance between the fractional shareholders 1 
 in proportion 1 to their holdings on the 19th day of Decem- 
 ber 1 , 1907. A check will be mailed to each fractional share- 
 holder for the amount to which he is entitled. This plan 
 will be carried out as soon as the company is able to do so. 
 Very respectf ully yours, ( 127 ) 
 
 Mr. Thomas A. Giles, 168 
 
 Cambridge, Mass. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 At the present time Brookline Eailroad stock is sell- 
 ing at about $100 per share, and the 4 per cent, bonds at 
 about $90. We enclose herewith a booklet, on page 4 of 
 which you will find the raDge of prices, and on page 85 the 
 earning capacity, which will enable you to form an opinion 
 regarding the property 1 . 
 
 Your question 1 as to what other stocks and bonds we 
 consider suitable investments, is altogether too general to 
 admit of an intelligent 1 reply. We consider the bonds of 
 all the trunk line properties good investments, and there 
 are hundreds 1 of others. If you wall give us an idea of the 
 amount of money you wish to invest, the class of security 1 
 and rate of income 1 desired, we will endeavor 1 to answer 
 your inquiry 1 . (133) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
EDUCATION 
 
 Professor 1 C. G. Barnes 1 , Dean, 169 
 
 Department 1 of Philosophy 1 , 
 College Hall. 
 My dear Professor Barnes : 
 
 I enclose a letter I have just received from Mr. P. L. 
 Fiske now at Columbia 1 University 1 . You will recall the 
 previous correspondence had with Mr. Fiske. I think you 
 still have the letters written by Professor Henry A. Sibley 
 in which Mr. Fiske's work at Columbia was most highly 
 praised. The investigation 1 he is making into the sugar 1 
 manufacturing 1 industry 1 will, I am sure, be a credit to that 
 university. From Mr. Fiske's letter it will be seen that a 
 fellowship 1 would be a great assistance 1 to him. Indeed, he 
 seems to be just the kind of a man our fellowships are 
 intended 1 to aid. I hope President Harris will feel inclined 
 to establish 1 a special Harris Fellowship for the current 1 year 
 in favor of Mr. Fiske. (128) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. Horace Vernon 1 , 170 
 
 Emporia 1 , Kans. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 In reply to your favor of the 4th, I will say that the 
 best source of information is the report of the Isthmian 1 
 Canal Commission 1 , 1899-1901. This report can doubtless 
 be obtained by you or by your library from your congress- 
 man 1 . I enclose a list of papers that have been written 
 upon the subject of the canal. You will find the traffic 
 question fully discussed in the Quarterly 1 Journal of Eco- 
 nomics 1 for August, 1902. As to the military 1 importance of 
 the canal, the best brief statement is to be found in the 
 report 'of the commission to which I have made reference, 
 
 97 
 
98 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 and in a paper by General Stuart C. Griffin, published 1 in 
 the Annals of the American Academy of Political 1 and 
 Social 1 Science, May, 1901. Doubtless your institution can 
 provide you with part or all of this material. 
 
 I see the debate is set for December 18. I suppose 
 you will hardly be able to secure the material and make a 
 thorough 1 study of the subject before that date. (171) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Professor 1 Frederick 1 L. Adams, 171 
 
 Harvard 1 University 1 , 
 
 Cambridge 1 , Mass 1 . 
 Dear Professor Adams : 
 
 A few days ago the Journal of Political 1 Economy 1 
 for December 1 reached me, and I have noticed with much 
 interest the paper it contains by you on Economic 1 and 
 Social 1 Effects 1 of the Interurban 1 Electric 1 Railways in Illi- 
 nois 1 . I am writing to you in regard to a volume which 
 will constitute 1 the March issue of the Annals of the Ameri- 
 can Academy. That issue of the academy's publications 1 
 will be devoted to papers dealing with railway rates and 
 traffic, and I should like to include in the volume a paper by 
 you on the subject Electric Kail way Charges 1 . Do you 
 think you could prepare a paper between now and the first 
 of February 1 treating of this subject, with a view to stating 
 the principles and practices followed in making electric rail- 
 way rates, comparing electric fares with the fares on steam 
 railroads, and pointing out some of the influences which 
 electric competition has had upon steam railroad charges and 
 traffic ? I have in mind a paper of four thousand to forty- 
 five hundred words in length. The other papers of the vol- 
 ume will consist mainly of articles 1 by academic men and 
 prominent 1 railway officials 1 . (191) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
EDUCATION 99 
 
 Dr. Allan P. Engle, 172 
 
 Clinton, N. Y. 
 My dear Dr. Engle : 
 
 I have just received a letter from Mr. Cyrus C. 
 Eames urging me to send you some topic to be discussed by 
 myself at the coming meeting of the Association 1 of Ameri- 
 can Geographers 1 . I have written to Mr. Eames that I 
 would suggest the topic Some Suggestions Concerning 
 Human Geography 1 . I do not know whether this topic is 
 one you care to have included in your program 1 , and, if not, 
 I hope you will feel perfectly 1 free to omit it. (80) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. Lemuel J. Craig, Secretary 1 , 173 
 
 Interstate 1 Commerce 1 Commission, 1 
 Washington 1 , D. C 1 . 
 My dear Sir : 
 
 My present set of the Reports and Decisions 1 of the 
 Interstate Commerce Commission is complete up to and 
 including the ninth volume, which, as you know, brings me 
 to December 1 , 1903. I suppose volume X must have been 
 published 1 this year. If so, I should be pleased to receive a 
 copy, provided the commission can, without impropriety 1 , 
 send me one as it has done in the past. 
 
 I suppose it is too early to expect 1 the printed volume 
 of the Statistical 1 Report for 1906. I have been hoping that 
 it might arrive soon. 
 
 After the commission's annual report appears, I think 
 I will prepare a paper discussing the Act of June 29 last and 
 the early proceedings under the act. The object of the 
 paper will be to give the public 1 information in regard to 
 this legislation 1 and the decisions of the commission under 
 the act. (146) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
100 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 Richard 1 Mortimer 1 , Ph. D., President, 174 
 
 National Geological 1 Society 1 , 
 Washington 1 , D. C 1 . 
 Dear Dr. Mortimer : 
 
 I am informed that Professor 1 Andrew S. Duncan 1 , of 
 the University 1 of Tennessee, who was one of the United 
 States delegates 1 to the Pan-American 1 Conference 1 , is to be 
 in the East during the last week of December 1 and the first 
 week of January 1 , and that he will be available 1 for lecture 1 
 engagements 1 . If I had not already arranged for a meeting of 
 the Geological Society of Philadelphia 1 on the first Wednes- 
 day of January, I should be glad to give Professor Duncan 
 one of those dates. However, I have definitely 1 arranged 
 for other speakers and cannot, therefore, give him a place on 
 the program, which I would otherwise gladly do. I know 
 Professor Duncan personally and have heard him speak a 
 number of times. I think him a strong man and a good 
 speaker. Accordingly, I am bringing him to the attention 
 of your society, thinking you may desire to invite him to 
 give an address during one of the weeks he will be in this 
 vicinity. (166) 
 
 Very sincerely yours, 
 
 Dr. F. L. Clark, 175 
 
 14 West 79th Street, 
 New York, N. Y. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 In reply to your favor of the 27th, I beg leave to say 
 that I am pleased to know of the investigation 1 you are 
 making, and am also glad to hear that one of Professor Bell's 
 students 1 is now in this country. Doubtless the best 
 sources of information for you would "be the secretary 1 of 
 the New York Maritime 1 Association 1 , the secretary of the 
 Boston Chamber 1 of Commerce 1 , and the secretary of the 
 
EDUCATION 101 
 
 Philadelphia 1 Maritime Exchange 1 . Probably 1 Professor 
 K. A. Dwyer 1 , of the University 1 of New York, can give 
 you a letter of introduction 1 to the secretary of the New 
 York Maritime Association. I think you will hardly need 
 an introduction to the secretary of the Boston Chamber of 
 Commerce. You may, however, be free to say that I sug- 
 gested a conference 1 with him. I have a slight acquaintance 1 
 with him. Should you decide to come to Philadelphia, I 
 shall be pleased to have a conference with you and give you 
 such assistance 1 as is in my power. I am a member of the 
 Maritime Exchange of Philadelphia and can introduce 1 you 
 to officers of that organization. 
 
 While in this country you will do well to go to Wash- 
 ington 1 and have a conference with the secretary and the 
 chairman of the Interstate 1 Commerce Commission 1 . You 
 will find both gentlemen disposed to help you. (220) 
 Very sincerely yours, 
 
 Honorable 1 Francis B. Loomis, 176 
 
 Acting Secretary 1 of State, 
 Washington 1 , D. C 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 For several months past Mr. Philip L. Meyer, a 
 Fellow in political 1 science 1 at the University 1 of Virginia 1 , 
 has been working on a monograph 1 dealing with the History 1 
 and Activities 1 of the United States Consular 1 Service. 
 This volume is being prepared under the auspices 1 of the 
 University of Virginia and the Carnegie 1 Institution, and is 
 now about half written. As an aid to securing the informa- 
 tion required to complete his work, Mr. Meyer is to start for 
 Europe 1 , April 20, to be gone several months, and he would 
 like an official 1 letter to our consuls that will enable him to 
 confer with them readily regarding the various duties they 
 perform 1 , the aid they are rendering American trade, and 
 
102 The complete Dictated 
 
 the assistance 1 they are giving our merchants and onr gov- 
 ernment in helping to enforce the customs revenue laws. 
 
 Assuring you that the two institutions I represent 
 will appreciate 1 your assistance, I am (150) 
 Very respectfully yours, 
 
 Miss Mildred Jennings 1 , 177 
 
 Helena 1 , Mont 1 . 
 Dear Madam : 
 
 Professor 1 Potter has handed me the letter addressed 
 by you to him on the 24th of April concerning Mr. Harvey 
 Bronson 1 . I have today had a conference 1 with the dean of 
 the Department 1 of Philosophy 1 , and am informed 1 that the 
 appointments 1 to fellowships 1 and scholarships 1 have all 
 been made. I think it useless to endeavor 1 to secure an 
 appointment for Mr. Bronson. I hope, however, he will 
 decide to undertake 1 graduate 1 work with us. Possibly he 
 may be able to secure remunerative 1 employment during 
 the summer months and, if necessary, for a part of the time 
 during the ensuing 1 academic year, and thus be able to carry 
 on graduate studies. (110) 
 
 Yours sincerely, 
 
 Mr. Louis Renshaw 1 , 178 
 
 Butte, Mont 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 The publication 1 committee of Union College yes- 
 terday 1 approved of the immediate publication of a volume 
 on Factory Legislation 1 of Maryland 1 , Its History 1 and 
 Administration 1 , by Dr. L. J. Robinson 1 . Dr. Robinson 
 will present the manuscript 1 to you in person, and he will 
 be much obliged if you will send him two sets of galley 
 proofs, at the sametime sending me one set. Dr. Robinson 
 will doubtless explain to you that this monograph deals 
 
toudATiott 103 
 
 With factory legislation which is to come before the Mary- 
 land legislature 1 this winter. If the monograph can be 
 issued and put upon the market about the middle of Jan- 
 uary 1 , it w T ill attract some attention and have some sale. 
 For these reasons I hope you will be able to expedite 1 the 
 typesetting of this work. 
 
 I appreciate 1 very much the attention you have given 
 the Bowling monograph, which I understand is in galley 
 proof. Should it be necessary to delay either one of these 
 monographs, I hope you will give first place to the Eobinson 
 publication. (168) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Mr. John G. Kennedy, Supt 1 ., 179 
 
 Salem, Mass 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 In reply to your favor of the 22d ultimo 1 concerning 1 
 Dr. T. W. Sheldon 1 , I will say that I think you will find 
 him a very satisfactory lecturer 1 . I have no hesitation in 
 commending 1 him to your favorable consideration. While 
 Dr. Sheldon has not had much experience in addressing 
 large audiences 1 , he has been very successful 1 in his class 
 lectures, and I am certain you will find him a good speaker. 
 He has a good voice, an excellent 1 choice of language, and a 
 dignified 1 bearing. (85) 
 
 Sincerely yours, 
 
 Mr. Carroll 1 T. Strong, 180 
 
 Albion 1 , Mich. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Your letter of the 12th enclosing your paper on Edu- 
 cational 1 Epochs in the United States, was duly received, 
 and I have had much pleasure and received much instruc- 
 
104 THE COMPLETE DICTATES, 
 
 tion from reading it. It is the kind of paper our society 1 
 would like to publish, and there is no doubt that we can 
 include it in our publications 1 , provided you can let us hold 
 it for sometime 1 . As you know, our plan is to group the 
 papers and to devote each issue of our magazine to contri- 
 butions on one general topic. I do not know just when our 
 next volume on education will appear. When it does, your 
 paper will, of course, be included. It may be a year before 
 such a volume is issued. This being the case, it would be 
 unjust to hold your article unless you are willing to have us 
 do so. If you can find an earlier publisher 1 , I hope you 
 will feel free to recall the manuscript 1 . If, however, you 
 wish to let us have it, we shall be glad to include it in its 
 proper number. (180) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. H. S. Harper 1 , 181 
 
 17 Union Square, 
 
 New York City. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 I wish to say a word regarding Mr. Harold A. Malone 
 whom, I understand, you are considering in connection 1 
 with a teaching position in the Central 1 West. Mr. Malone 
 was a student of mine a few years ago, and I know him 
 well personally. He is a young man of high character 1 , of 
 excellent habits, energetic 1 , tactful 1 , and a man of good 
 address. He has had liberal training in history 1 and eco- 
 nomics 1 , and I feel certain he may be depended upon to 
 give good success as a teacher of these subjects. If in your 
 judgment Mr. Malone is not well qualified 1 for the position 
 in mind, I can suggest the names of two or three other 
 promising young men who will graduate 1 from the uni- 
 versity 1 in June. (127) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
RAILROADING 
 
 Mr. Andrew T. Mowbray, 182 
 
 Council Bluffs 1 , Io. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Replying to your favor of the 1st instant regarding 
 rate from Council Bluffs to Davenport 1 on account of the 
 canned convention, I desire to say that this is on the cer- 
 tificate 1 plan, by which a passenger 1 may purchase going 
 ticket on February 1 7 to 13 inclusive 1 , at first-class 1 one-way 
 rate, and at time of purchase secure certificate from selling 
 agent, which certificate when properly 1 validated 1 at Daven- 
 port on February 13 or 14 will entitle the holder 1 to return 
 ticket at one-third fare up to and including February 20. 
 These tickets are good only for continuous 1 passage in both 
 directions 1 , and return ticket can be issued only to accredi- 
 ted 1 delegates 1 holding properly validated certificates. 
 
 Very truly yours, (115) 
 
 Mr. William E. Powell, i83 
 
 Johnstown 1 , Pa 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Eef erring to correspondence 1 in regard to the sale of 
 tickets to Harrisburg 1 , in connection 1 with which you 
 request a refund because of additional 1 fares paid between 
 Altoona and Lewistown, and for excess baggage charges 1 , we 
 beg to say that we have carefully investigated 1 the matter 
 and are informed 1 by the ticket-seller 1 who waited upon you 
 when you applied for tickets, that no conversation 1 was had 
 as to any particular arriving time at Harrisburg. He 
 says he did not understand that it was your desire to arrive 
 there at 1.30 on Monday afternoon, as you did not call 
 attention to the details of the route you desired to follow, or 
 ask for any special time-table. 
 
 105 
 
106 THE COMPLETE DICTATED 
 
 In the absence of this information, the agent sold you 
 the ticket that is usually issued, because it conforms 1 to the 
 through car line and answers the requirements 1 of our 
 patrons 1 . (148) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Benjamin Githens 1 , Div. Supt 1 ., 184 
 
 Portland 1 , Ore. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 For years past it has been the practice on this division 
 to furnish 1 certain individuals 1 and firms, particularly large 
 industries, with storage 1 space free, such as coal bins for the 
 unloading and storage of coal, warehouse or platform 1 space 
 for the storage of rags and paper stock, or ground space, 
 where there was no trestle, for the unloading and storage of 
 coal. Under existing conditions, to place this in proper 
 shape, it w^ould seem to me that any space of this kind that 
 is granted should be placed under a lease at a rental. 1 I 
 therefore enclose a statement showing the stations where 
 such space is furnished, with the kind of space and a sug- 
 gested rental, which I submit to you for decision 1 . We 
 have figured the coal bins on an average of 50 cts. per bin 
 per month, freight house and platform space at about one- 
 quarter of a cent per square foot, ground space at about one- 
 tenth of a cent per square foot, making the rates even dollars, 
 halves, or quarters. I should be glad to have you go over 
 this and give me your decision. (188) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Mr. Francis Holloway 1 , 185 
 
 Springfield 1 , 111. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Please note the accompanying letter from Mr. Eto- 
 nians to the effect that Freed & Emory, East St. Louis 1 , 
 111., are buying reapers from the Empire Implement Manu- 
 facturing Co., Springfield, 111., and ordering the same to be 
 
fcAILfcOADlNG 107 
 
 shipped via the Chicago and Alton, but that all consign- 
 ments 1 have been arriving over the Wabash 1 . Will you 
 please give this necessary attention, advising why these 
 shipments have been diverted 1 from our road and whether 
 they will be forwarded 1 via the C. & A. in future. (81) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Mr. J. A. Marvin, 186 
 
 Anaconda, Mont 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 I have your letter of the 3d instant, and am very 
 sorry to have to advise you that your application 1 for 
 redemption 1 of half ticket from Butte to Helena 1 is hardly in 
 shape for our favorable consideration. Our rules permit of 
 the redemption of tickets for the original 1 purchaser 1 only, 
 and when the application has reference to a half ticket, we 
 are especially 1 desirous of receiving a satisfactory explana- 
 tion 1 of non-use. If you will kindly have the original pur- 
 chaser of the ticket in question 1 write me, advising where 
 and when .the ticket was bought, amount paid and why not 
 used, or, if the child made the trip, on what date and train 
 and what equivalent 1 was given therefor, I will give the 
 matter further attention. If he desires refund in your favor, 
 authority 1 to that effect 1 should be included in his letter. 
 
 Very truly yours, (143) 
 
 N. E. Harker, Asst. Gen. Frt. Agt., 187 
 
 Chattanooga 1 , Tenn. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 J. L. Eitchie, a contractor 1 of this city, is getting his 
 lime in carloads from several points, notably Cincinnati, on 
 the line of the C. N. O. & T. P. Kailway, and upon our 
 inquiring 1 the reason for his using that road, he said they 
 give him free cartage 1 on this and other materials. If you 
 will remember, we have heretofore 1 handled 1 a large num- 
 ber of this contractor's shipments, and we regret to see his 
 
108 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 business pass into the hands of competing lines because of 
 this small cartage charge. If you could allow us to reduce 
 our rate one cent per hundred pounds on his lime shipments, 
 this would equalize 1 the cost of cartage, and we believe 
 would get the business for our road. As Mr. Ritchie is 
 about to arrange for some additional 1 large shipments of 
 building materials, we should like to receive from you 
 authority 1 to bid for his business on the basis of the one- 
 cent reduction 1 in the lime rate. (163) 
 Very respectfully }^ours, 
 
 Messrs. F. & D. Walker, 188 
 
 Lacrosse, Wis. 1 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We are obliged to return papers in your claim of Sep- 
 tember 1 8 for alleged damage to one case of glassware 1 
 shipped from Milwaukee 1 , August 5, over our line in car 
 C. M. & St. P. 43729. We have taken up this claim with 
 our freight agent at Lacrosse and have his report today, 
 which says that shipment in question 1 reached Bacrosse in 
 good condition, with no indication 1 of contents being broken. 
 This case was of such a nature that had the glass been 
 broken while in our possession, the rattle of the pieces would 
 have directed 1 the attention of our delivery clerk to the 
 damage. The damage evidently occurred in the delivery of 
 the case from our depot to your ware-room. In view of these 
 facts, we must respectfully 1 decline your claim. (133) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Miss Emma Lee, 189 
 
 Easton, Pa. 
 Dear Madam : 
 
 Replying to your letter of the 26th instant, we beg to 
 advise you that the winter excursion 1 rate from Philadel- 
 phia 1 to Jacksonville 1 , Fla., and return is $40. These tickets 
 
RAILROADING 109 
 
 bear a final limit of May 31, 1907, a transit 1 limit of thirty 
 days in each direction 1 , and do not allow stop-over 1 privi- 
 leges 1 between Philadelphia and Washington 1 . At Wash- 
 ington a stop-over of ten days is allowed in each direction, 
 by depositing the ticket with the agent at that point. Sonth 
 of Washington stop-overs will be allowed by depositing the 
 ticket with the agent at each point where the journey is 
 broken. 
 
 From February 1 6 to 11 inclusive 1 , we will have on 
 sale excursion tickets from Philadelphia to Savannah, Ga., 
 and return, account of meeting of the Federated 1 Women's 
 Clubs, at the rate of $30. These tickets will bear a final 
 limit of February 16, but such limit can be extended to 
 March 2 upon depositing the ticket with the validating 1 
 agent at Savannah and paying fifty cents. The tickets bear 
 a transit limit of three days in each direction, and will per- 
 mit stop-over at Washington. (189) 
 Very truly yours. 
 
 Mr. Eugene Gensel 1 , Agt., 190 
 
 Watkins 1 , N. Y. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We understand you have been tracing the following 
 shipments without success : From Watkins, N. Y., August 
 15, car D, L. & W. 43271, with grapes consigned to Jacob 
 Beech, Pottstown, Pa ; and car N. Y. C. 5238, with grapes 
 consigned to C. C, Flint, Lebanon 1 , Pa., both cars having 
 been routed via Lehigh Valley Transportation 1 Company. 
 We have been tracing them through Mr. James who reports 
 no account of them, under date of the 4th inst. Will you 
 please advise us whether cars were routed via L. V. T. Co. 
 or via P. & R, and then continue tracing for delivery to us 
 at either point, this information to be transmitted 1 to us 
 direct 1 by Mr. Wiley in order to save time. (122) 
 Yours truly, 
 
110 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 Frank H. Ramsey, Chief Engineer 1 , 191 
 
 Baton Rouge 1 , La 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 In regard to the improper 1 spacing of cross-ties, I 
 have to say that I walked over several miles of track yester- 
 day 1 and was surprised to find the cross-ties spaced so irreg- 
 ularly 1 . On the No. 2 track, which is a down-grade freight 
 track, the creeping of the rails has carried the ties forward 
 to such an extent that I am afraid the point of safety has 
 been overrun. A rail being a continuous 1 beam and subject 
 to stresses due to impact 1 and other causes not calculable 1 , 
 cannot be figured as a simple beam ; in addition, supports 
 are never perfect 1 , and again the cross-section 1 through wear 
 becomes considerably 1 diminished 1 . The strain on the rail, 
 even when the ties are regularly 1 spaced, is considerable, 
 and in no case should the distance between the supports be 
 allowed to increase. The specifications 1 for maintaining 1 
 the track state that the ties must be regularly spaced under 
 the rail. We must insist that the instructions be adhered 1 
 to, and we shall be pleased if you will have the assistant 
 engineers and their supervisors 1 understand the importance 
 of following up this matter and giving it personal attention. 
 Yours truly, (193) 
 
 G. H. Knox, Agent, 192 
 
 Cumberland 1 , Md. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We are advised that in order to preclude the possi- 
 bility 1 of future shipments of ties from the South including 
 some not regularly 1 examined by our inspectors 1 , it has been 
 decided to lay aside any faulty ties found on cars shipped 
 from Virginia that do not bear P. R. R. inspector's hammer 
 stamp, and I shall be glad if you will have the necessary 
 instructions issued to have this plan carried out. 
 
 The No. 1 ties should bear the impression of the key- 
 
RAILROADING 111 
 
 stone end of the inspectors hammer, and No. 2 ties should 
 show not only this impression, but also a large No. 2 made 
 with the other end of the hammer. (Ill) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Edgar H. Hanneman 1 , Gen. Fit. Agt., 193 
 
 Jackson, Mich. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Will you kindly advise me by return mail the lowest 
 rate you can make on ten carloads of apples destined to 
 Louisville, Ky 1 ., to be ready for shipment early next week? 
 I understand the Merchants 1 Dispatch intends 1 to quote a 
 rate via Toledo and Columbus 1 of 19c. per hundred pounds. 
 Can we not work the business via Chicago at the old rate of 
 I8J0. ? If so, I feel assured of getting the traffic 1 , as the 
 nearest approach to the Merchants' rate is 20c. via the Union 
 Line. 
 
 As shipments of fruit from this section will be unusu- 
 ally 1 large this season, I hope you will give this matter 
 prompt attention and arrange, if possible, to take care of 
 this initial 1 consignment 1 at the I82C. rate. (129) 
 Yours respectfully, 
 
 Mr. E. C. Fentou 1 , 194 
 
 Montgomery 1 , Ala. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 I thank you for the information given in your letter 
 of the 6th instant, but regret that it has not assisted us thus 
 far in locating the letter of December 1 29 last which you 
 claim to have sent here, enclosing for redemption 1 some 
 tickets of our issue, among which was one from Montgomery 
 to Mobile. I note your statement that in the same letter 
 you requested redemption of a ticket from Greenville, Ala., 
 to Pensacola 1 , Fla., and that the amount due for that ticket 
 was received. 
 
112 THE COMPLETE DICTATED 
 
 May I trouble you for further information as to the 
 exact 1 date on which the remittance 1 was received, and, if 
 possible, the number of check covering the same. May I 
 also ask that you kindly give me the name of the passenger 1 
 who, you state, was compelled 1 to pay fare from Savannah, 
 Ga., to Birmingham 1 , Ala., in absence of the immigrant 
 ticket, and on what date and train such fare was paid ? 
 
 Upon hearing from you again I will give the matter 
 further attention. (170) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Mr. C. Wesley Mausland, 195 
 
 Hastings, Neb. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Eeferring to your letter of the 10th instant in regard 
 to the situation 1 affecting 1 demurrage 1 charges, I understand 
 that by direction 1 of our auditor 1 of miscellaneous 1 receipts 
 and accounts, your name was dropped from the list of those 
 accepting the monthly 24-hour average basis for computing 
 demurrage on cars handled 1 as of October 1, 1906. This 
 made it necessary for the agent to protect 1 himself by hold- 
 ing the cars until the accrued 1 demurrage was paid. At his 
 request we sent a representative 1 to your office to present a 
 bill for $18, demurrage due on cars detained October 1 8, 9, 
 16, 17, and 18. This bill was positively 1 refused by you. 
 In addition to this, the agent is holding Union Pacific car 
 23397, partly loaded, on which demurrage is accruing at the 
 rate of $1 per day. I would therefore suggest that the mat- 
 ter be straightened 1 out promptly, and to save further 
 expense, that you make application 1 to the treasurer 1 or get 
 in touch with the auditor of miscellaneous receipts and 
 accounts, so that you may again be placed on the 24-hour 
 average basis. (187) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
RAILROADING 113 
 
 H. K. Buchanan 1 , Esq., 196 
 
 Guthrie 1 , Okla 1 . 
 Dear Sir: 
 
 Replying to your favor of the 10th instant in regard 
 to the shipment of old material sold by the purchasing agent 
 f. o. b\ nearest point on the division, with freight at regu- 
 lar 1 commercial 1 rates, the practice on our division is as 
 follows : Upon receipt of requisition 1 a copy is furnished 1 the 
 supervisor 1 who secures the car, has it light weighed, mate- 
 rial loaded, and car weighed loaded. He makes out a bill 
 of lading and gives it to the agent at the shipping point. 
 The bill of lading shows the full information as to the f . o. b. 
 point, etc., as indicated 1 on the requisition. The agent 
 looks up his classification 1 on that kind of material, figures 
 out the distance 1 to destination 1 , and uses that distance to 
 secure his rate. He then way-bills 1 it through, noting on 
 the face of the way-bill as to the shipment f. o. b. cars at 
 the nearest point on the division, which, of course, explains 
 the rate used. (166) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Homer J. Hotchkiss 1 , Frt. Agt., 197 
 
 Elmira 1 , N. Y. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 In regard to tank cars with shipments of gas oil being 
 carded 1 with C. T. 675 inflammable 1 cards, we are advised 
 that gas oil is similar to fuel oil, and that the fire test of 
 both oils has a very wide range. Therefore, upon a deci- 
 sion 1 of the chief of the chemical department, to whom the 
 matter was referred, we are instructed 1 that cars containing 
 either of the above commodities 1 should be carded with C. 
 T. 675-A inflammable cards. (80) 
 Yours truly, 
 
SHIPPING 
 
 Messrs. Castner 1 , Curran 1 & Bullitt, 198 
 
 Newport News 1 , Va 1 . 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 Enclosed please find contract duly signed for the sea- 
 son's supply of bunker 1 coal for such steamers to our con- 
 signment 1 or under our control as may call at Newport News 
 prior to and including December 31, 1907. It is understood 
 that after each steamer is supplied with the quantity 1 of 
 coal she requires, you are to take the captain's 1 demand 
 draft upon us for the cost thereof, and add to said draft all 
 additional 1 expenses for disbursements 1 in connection 1 with 
 the vessel's entering and clearing at your port. We trust 
 you will see that we continue to secure Pocahontas 1 coal of 
 such quality 1 as has heretofore 1 given us entire satisfaction. 
 Yours truly, (108) 
 
 Messrs. Golder & Longaker 1 , 199 
 
 Duluth, Minn. 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 Oilcake 1 : We have your telegram 1 offering us three 
 hundred (300) tons each month for Kotterdam 1 from Sep- 
 tember to December inclusive 1 , at twelve cents (12c.) per 
 100 lbs., and have replied advising that thirteen cents 
 (13c.) is the best we can accept. We have your later mes- 
 sage advising that shippers accept our counter 1 offer, and 
 that they now await contracts in confirmation 1 . 
 
 Flour : We have your offer for fifty (50) cars for 
 Leith at eleven cents (lie ) and thirty (30) cars for Baltic 
 ports in June at nine cents (9c), Copenhagen 1 , for basing 
 purposes ; both of which offers we have had to decline, as 
 we do not care to engage ahead at rates now current 1 , 
 
 114 
 
SHIPPING 115 
 
 Contract 1227 : We note that by reason of a fire in 
 shipper's plant, two hundred (200) tons of this engagement 1 , 
 which we booked for April shipment from the West, will 
 not be forwarded at present, and in accordance 1 with your 
 wishes we have extended time of shipment to June. (155) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Messrs. Beggs & Quimby 1 , 200 
 
 London, Eng. 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 We have your letter of April 11, from which we with- 
 draw charter 1 parties of the steamers Anthony and Frank, 
 which we note have been fixed by your goodselves 1 to load 
 cargoes 1 of Scotch pig iron at Adrossan, Scotland 1 , for 
 Philadelphia 1 . We thank you for the consignment 1 of the 
 said vessels to this port. We have interviewed 1 the receiv- 
 ers of the two cargoes, and present indications 1 are that the 
 steamer Anthony will be discharged 1 at the Port Richmond 1 
 terminals 1 of the Philadelphia and Heading Kailway Com- 
 pany, and the steamer Frank will be discharged at Girard 1 
 Point, the ore and pig iron terminals of the Pennsylvania 1 
 Railroad Company. 
 
 In respect to stevedoring 1 , we wish to say, the regular 1 
 charge is twenty-five cents per ton of 2240 lbs. for unloading 
 pig iron, and we are unable to make a cheaper arrangement 1 
 and secure first-class 1 work and a maximum 1 quantity 1 to 
 be unloaded each twenty-four hours. You as a ship-owner 
 know it is best, as a rule, to employ the regular 1 stevedores 
 to load and discharge vessels assigned to the respective 1 
 railroad terminals, owing to the greater familiarity 1 of these 
 men with the particular work,, which is apt to result in a 
 larger output of cargo per day. 
 
 We observe that you do not wish us to make any 
 remittances 1 to you on account of the inward freight of 
 
116 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 either vessel, but that the balance in our hands, after pay- 
 ing stevedore's charges and other needful disbursements 1 , 
 is to remain with us on account of outward disbursements 
 on the two cargoes of case oil which are to load here for 
 Japan 1 . (266) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. .Daniel 1 L. Humphreys 1 , 201 
 
 Minneapolis, Minn. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Enclosed find freight engagement 1 for ten thousand 
 (10,000) sacks of flour to be shipped per Cosmopolitan 1 Line 
 steamer or steamers from Baltimore 1 to Copenhagen 1 during 
 the month of May of the present year. It is understood that 
 this flour Shall be available 1 at Baltimore for shipment any 
 time after April 30, and that any portion not ready for 
 delivery by May 15 shall eventually 1 be forwarded at the 
 option of steamer from Baltimore during June or July fol- 
 lowing. 
 
 In response to your inquiry, we beg to enclose you a 
 list of arbitraries 1 beyond Copenhagen, embracing one hun- 
 dred and sixty ports or places in the kingdoms of Denmark 1 , 
 Sweden 1 , and Norway 1 , the province 1 of Finland 1 , and cer- 
 tain Russian 1 and German Baltic ports. These arbitraries, 
 as you will notice, provide a certain fixed rate of charge per 
 ton of 2240 lbs., gross weight, which added to the rate from 
 Baltimore to Copenhagen, make in reality in each case a 
 through rate of freight from Baltimore to substantially 1 any 
 port in Denmark, Sweden, Norw 7 ay, Finland, etc. The 
 buyer of the flour in Copenhagen is then enabled to declare, 
 upon arrival 1 of the steamer at that port, the ultimate 1 port 
 of destination 1 of the w T hole or any portion of the ten thou- 
 sand sacks of flour. (210) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
SHIPPING 117 
 
 Mr. Sidney Dickinson, 202 
 
 Glasgow, Scotland 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Confirming our respects 1 of the 11th instant, we are 
 since then without any of your favors by mail or cable to 
 acknowledge 1 . 
 
 Accounts : We herewith transmit 1 you disbursement 1 
 account and statement of inward freight on the S. S. Drexel- 
 onian 1 , the former showing a balance in your favor of 
 $4298.10, in liquidation 1 of which we herewith hand you 
 demand draft on Messrs. Parrs' Bank, Ltd., London, to your 
 order, for the equivalent 1 in sterling 1 , say £885-7-8 at 
 $4.8545 exchange 1 . We trust you will find everything in 
 order. We are also forwarding you all relevant 1 vouchers 1 
 in connection 1 with the account. 
 
 Outturn 1 Weight : While it is a fact that the cargo of 
 pig iron turned out slightly in excess of quantity 1 mentioned 
 in bill of lading, we cannot render bill for additional 1 freight, 
 for the reason that before the discharge 1 of the steamer was 
 begun, we made, in your interest and in accordance 1 with 
 your authority 1 , an arrangement 1 with the receivers of the 
 cargo 1 to pay them freight on the quantity as specified 1 in 
 bills of lading, irrespective 1 of what the outturn might be. 
 You will see, therefore, that in this exceptional incident 
 where outturn weight, as determined 1 by the United States 
 Customs' returns, is somewhat in excess of the bill of lading 
 weight, we are debarred from the right to collect freight for 
 the excess of cargo as thereby shown. 
 
 In pig iron shipments the outturn is almost invari- 
 ably 1 less than the intake weight, as shown by the foreign 
 bills of lading. The shortage 1 is due to the sand which 
 attaches to the pigs during their process of manufacture 1 , 
 amounting sometimes 1 to quite a percentage 1 , and which is 
 detached 1 from the pigs every time they are handled 1 and 
 jolted against each other in the discharge or stowage of the 
 cargo. It is not unusual 1 for us to find in the hold of a ves- 
 
118 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 sel, after her cargo of pig iron has been discharged, a quantity 
 of this loose sand amounting to ten or twenty tons in 
 weight. (338) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. Owen R. Maxton, 203 
 
 Copenhagen 1 , Denmark 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We are today in receipt of your letter of the 19th 
 instant advising us that the S. S. Mary has been fixed to 
 load a cargo 1 of ore at Huelva 1 for New York, and that we 
 may expect her here about the 15th of May. We have found 
 copy of the charter 1 party as advised, and note the terms 
 thereof. It is also observed that you are very desirous 1 of 
 having her unloaded at New York at the earliest moment 
 practicable 1 so that she can enter upon her outward time 
 charter, also to insure her being ready to be tendered 1 within 
 the cancelling 1 date stipulated 1 in the charter party. 
 
 As you state you have not had any cargoes of ore 
 delivered at New York for a long time, we have pleasure in 
 complying with your request, and hand you herewith state- 
 ment of recent cargo delivered here, showing how the settle- 
 ment was made in connection 1 therewith under substantially 1 
 a similar charter to that of the Mary. 
 
 It is doubtless thoroughly 1 appreciated 1 by you that 
 serious 1 inroads are made upon the normal 1 rate of freight by 
 the various deductions 1 for dispatch money and for agreed 
 rates of stevedoring 1 the cargo over and above the actual 
 cost thereof. In other words, although the rate of marine 
 freight on the face seems reasonably good, by the time dis- 
 patch money for loading and discharging 1 is deducted, also 
 the difference between the rates of stevedoring stipulated to 
 be paid by vessel and the final rates as paid by the owner of 
 the ore, the actual rate of freight is very much less than the 
 apparent 1 rate as specified in the charter party. (272) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
STEEL AND IRON 
 
 The Revere 1 Shipbuilding 1 Co., 204 
 
 Gloucester 1 , Mass. 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 In answer to your inquiry of the 29th instant for a 
 quotation on one forged 1 steel propeller 1 shaft and one pro- 
 peller shaft nut, as shown on sketch submitted, we hereby 
 confirm 1 our verbal quotation made you today on the shaft 
 of 7 J cents per pound and on the nut of 12 cents per pound ; 
 these prices being f. o. b 1 . cars, Gloucester. We would pro- 
 pose making these forgings in accordance 1 with Lloyd's re- 
 quirements and rough-machined all over, with an allowance 
 for finishing 1 to dimensions given, including boring of the 
 hole in the nut. 
 
 We are prepared to rush these forgings through imme- 
 diately on receipt of your order, and can promise shipment 
 within five days after receiving your instructions 1 . (119) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Harrison Manufacturing 1 Co., 205 
 
 Bellaire 1 , O. 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 We have pleasure in acknowledging 1 the receipt of 
 your favor of the 18th inst. sent to our Pittsburgh 1 office 
 direct 1 , in regard to furnishing 1 \ /f wide cutters from the 
 old dies. In reply we beg leave to say that we feel we 
 should be allowed to continue 1 using these dies in furnishing 
 the cutters, as they will make forgings 1 that will have the 
 minimum 1 measurements in every respect, excepting the 
 all-over length which will be up to, but not exceed, the 
 maximum 1 measurement given on original 1 blue-print 1 fur- 
 nished us. We understand that it is necessary for you to do 
 
 119 
 
120 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 considerable grinding on these cutters to make a cutting 
 edge, and it would mean comparatively 1 little extra grind- 
 ing for you to reduce the cutters to the minimum measure- 
 ment. 
 
 We will go ahead and furnish these cutters from the 
 
 old dies until the over-all length of the cutters exceeds the 
 
 maximum dimensions given, when we will promptly arrange 
 
 to make new dies. We hope this will be satisfactoy to you. 
 
 Very truly yours, (172) 
 
 Leonard 1 Machine Company, 206 
 
 Toledo, O. 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 We beg to acknowledge receipt of your order No. 
 3449 of the 23d instant calling for a lot of 52 brass and 
 phosphor-bronze castings. We have entered this order for 
 our best attention. The castings called for will be made of 
 the best grade of brass and phosphor-bronze, and in accord- 
 ance 1 with conversation 1 with your Mr. Leonard today, we 
 will arrange to bill these castings to you at an average price 
 of 27 cents per pound f. o. b. cars, Toledo, Ohio. Terms, 
 net cash, thirty days from date of invoice, instead of 26 
 cents per pound, as noted on your order. 
 
 We greatly appreciate 1 this order, and hope to receive 
 your future business in this line. (119) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. J. Eaymond Smith, 207 
 
 Erie, Pa. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 With respect to our order No. 6930 covering the Erie 
 Iron Co.'s order No. 37961 for 1500 tons of neutral 1 all-pig 
 iron muck bar, we wish to advise you that purchasers 1 have 
 received the first two cars of the 100 tons shipped them, and 
 
STEEL AND IRON 121 
 
 state that it will be satisfactory for us to proceed with the 
 manufacture 1 of the remaining 1400 tons, furnishing it in 
 4 /r x \" bars, until further advice from them. They, how- 
 ever, state that on the first two cars shipped them there was 
 a lot of scrap muck bar, and they request that we be very 
 careful in the future to ship nothing but neutral all-pig iron 
 muck bar. They also request that we rush shipment for- 
 ward as fast as possible. (129) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 The Altoona Iron Co., 208 
 
 Altoona, Pa. 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 Referring to conversation 1 with Mr. Taylor 1 in regard 
 to stay-bolt 1 iron, we beg to quote you on 500 to 1000 tons a 
 price of 2.85 cents per pound f. o. b 1 . cars, Altoona, Pa. ; the 
 iron to be furnished in accordance 1 with your standard 1 
 specifications 1 , or the Pennsylvania 1 Railroad Company's 
 specifications, and to be specified by you during the first six 
 months of this year. We could ship this iron at the rate of 
 50 to 100 tons per week, if necessary. 
 
 In regard to engine-bolt iron, we have to say that we 
 have looked into this matter carefully and have decided not 
 to quote at the present time, but shall be glad to take the 
 matter up with you later. ( 122 ) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Mr. Thomas Newton, 209 
 
 Jefferson City 1 , Mo. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 As our Mr. Black advised you while in Jefferson City 
 last Wednesday, we have been delayed in forwarding 1 the 
 drop forgings 1 by several accidents 1 over which we had no 
 control. If it is possible to ship any of these axles before 
 
122 THE COMPLETE DICTATED 
 
 the date mentioned in your letter, we will certainly do so. 
 Our promise was made in perfect 1 faith, contingent 1 , how- 
 ever, upon unavoidable 1 delays. We will do everything in 
 our power to get these axles out to you at an early date, and 
 regret very much to have caused you this inconvenience 1 . 
 
 Yours truly, (91) 
 
 Mr. John Holland 1 , 210 
 
 Leadville 1 , Colo 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We must call } T our attention to our order No. 6678 
 covering the Leadville Machine Co.'s order for standard 1 
 basic steel ingots 1 , to be shipped to the Eastern 1 Forge Com- 
 pany. On the 24th inst. we wrote to you stating that the 
 Eastern Forge Co. have called the Leadville Machine Co.'s 
 attention to the carbon 1 reports of the various ingots shipped 
 them, giving several instances in which differences exist 
 between their analyses 1 and ours, and requesting that you 
 kindly 1 investigate 1 this matter. Please answer our letter 
 as promptly as possible so that we may be fully informed 1 
 on the subject. (97) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 A. B. Wheeler 1 Manufacturing 1 Co., 211 
 
 Detroit, Mich. 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 Replying to your inquiry 1 of January 1 23 for price 
 and time of delivery on twelve single-throw crank shafts 
 and twelve connecting 1 rods, as shown on your blue-prints 1 , 
 we would advise that we are not at the present time in a 
 position to furnish the crank shafts finished 1 completely as 
 asked for, but can arrange to supply them with the shaft 
 portions rough-turned, with an allowance for finishing, at a 
 price of 28 cents per pound f. o. b 1 . cars, Detroit, Mich. 
 Terms, net cash, 30 days from date of invoice. The shafts 
 
STEEL AND IRON 123 
 
 would be made of our standard 1 grade open-hearth steel. 
 If favored with your order, we could arrange to make deliv- 
 ery beginning within thirty -five to forty days and com- 
 pleting within sixty-five days from its receipt. 
 
 We regret to state that at the present time we are not 
 in a position to quote on the connecting rods. (151) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Mr. Wm. Thomas, 212 
 
 Joliet, 111. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 For your information, please note that we had the 
 samples of muck bar that were shipped to our works by the 
 Blake Shovel 1 Co., analyzed 1 , and found the following 
 determinations 1 : sulphur 1 , .005; phosphorus 1 , .045. On 
 taking this matter up with Mr. Sloan, he advised us that 
 we might quote them $40 per gross ton f. o. b 1 . cars, our 
 works, for this grade material, cut into short pieces, at the 
 rate of two carloads per month. In making quotations, we 
 would advise that you quote on a muck bar of a similar 
 composition as that which the Western 1 Steel Co. are now 
 furnishing 1 them, making a detailed 1 report of our analysis 
 at the works. Of course, you understand 1 that we shall be 
 unable to get our sulphur content as low as the Western 
 Steel Company's. 
 
 Hoping you may be able to secure this business, we 
 remain (147) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Messrs. R. C. Lewis & Bro., 213 
 
 Macon, Ga. 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 We have your order No. 2035 for two bars of tool 
 steel to be used for spike dies. We would suggest the use 
 of our Apollo special high-speed tool steel for this class of 
 
124 THE COMPLETE DICTA TER 
 
 work, the price of which is as stated in our letter of Janu- 
 ary 23. Should you, however, prefer 1 to use our A-l steel, 
 our price would be 16 cents per pound. In our opinion, 
 the Apollo steel would be better suited to the purpose 1 . 
 
 Kindly advise as promptly as possible which grade of 
 steel you desire us to furnish on account of this order, and 
 oblige (102) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Mr. Wilson 1 Langdon, Sales Agt., 214 
 
 Bethlehem 1 , Pa. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Confirming 1 the conversation 1 had with the writer 
 yesterday 1 , we will purchase from you one carload of strictly 
 No. 1 wrought scrap iron at $19 per gross ton f. o. b 1 . cars, 
 Bethlehem. This car is to consist of rods, shaftings 1 , and 
 angles, but nothing will be accepted over 3" in diameter 1 or 
 under \" in thickness and 8 r/ long, with the exception of 
 the few bundled 1 flat bars you offered us. We believe we 
 can arrange to accept the Z\ f/ iron rails, but will advise you 
 of this when we send shipping instructions 1 , which we hope 
 to do within a few days. 
 
 The writer saw the crane you have for sale in the 
 foundry 1 , and will offer for it $100 f. o. b. cars, Bethlehem. 
 If you care to accept this offer, we hope you will do so 
 within the next week as we have need for another crane, and 
 if we cannot purchase this one we must look elsewhere 1 . 
 
 Yours very truly, ( 166 ) 
 
 Messrs. William Harris & Co., 215 
 
 Baltimore 1 , Md 1 . 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We have your favor advising us that you have drawn 
 on us through the First National Bank of Norristown 1 for 
 
STEEL AND IRON 125 
 
 $8000, being approximate 1 cover for 1746 steel billets, bill of 
 lading for which will be handed us against payment. We note 
 you are unable to close this transaction 1 , as you cannot get 
 the custom-house 1 weight certificate 1 , but that as soon as 
 you do, you will advise us. In reply we would say that the 
 draft was presented to us this morning and duly honored, 
 although we think you have considerably 1 overdrawn 1 on 
 us. Mr. Kelly's letter to us states that you have forwarded 
 us approximately 300 tons, and at $32 per ton, less 1 % for 
 cash, we figure that your overdraft 1 is $1000 to $1200. 
 However, we supj)Ose this will be properly 1 adjusted 1 when 
 you receive the custom-house weight certificate. Kindly 
 mail this certificate to us as soon as you receive it so that we 
 may set the matter right without delay. ( 169) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Southern 1 Steel Co , 216 
 
 Portsmouth 1 , Va 1 . 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 In answer to yours of the 3d instant, we will state 
 that we still manufacture 1 corrugated 1 iron sheets in lengths 
 up to 9 7 and widths of 24 /7 and 26 /7 . You do not state what 
 thickness you desire ; the usual thickness is No. 20, 22, or 
 24 gauge ; but No. 20 is preferable 1 as it is heavier 1 and 
 lasts longer. You say your roof will take 16 sheets 6 7 x 2 / . 
 Does this include lapping of sheets, or is it simply the 
 measurement of the roof ? It will be necessary to overlay 
 each sheet one corrugation 1 in order to make it water-tight. 
 Will your peaked roof need a ridge roll ? This we do not 
 manufacture, but we can have it made for you. In order 
 to quote a price on this material, we must know the gauge 
 you want, as the price depends upon the thickness of sheets. 
 Very truly yours, (153) 
 
126 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 Western x Bridge Co . , 217 
 
 Chicago, 111. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We are supplying a number of bridge-builders with 
 malleable iron nuts for eye rod pins, and we should like to 
 quote you on your requirements for this material. We are 
 in position to make close figures 1 , and as you will no doubt 
 readily recall the fact that we secured an order for you last 
 year from the H. & B. T. E. K. Co. for a turn-table 1 , we 
 trust you will be able to reciprocate 1 and let us have your 
 business in the line of pin nuts. 
 
 We can now quote you $2 per foot for No. 20 galva- 
 nized 1 iron pipe, riveted and soldered 1 and put in place ; 
 $7.50 each for one or more five-piece galvanized iron elbows. 
 The diameter 1 of pipe and elbow would be 24 inches. To 
 make the flange of galvanized iron would cost $2. We shall 
 be glad to have your order. (152) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Mr. John Walton, 218 
 
 Muskegon 1 , Mich. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 In reply to your inquiry 1 of the 2d instant, we wish 
 to say that we will furnish 5000 tons of our standard 1 sec- 
 tion No. 469 seventy-pound tee rails, in 30 ft. lengths, with 
 the usual 10% shorter 1 lengths, first quality, for $33 per 
 gross ton ; with 5% of second quality rails for $32 per gross 
 ton ; with the necessary angle splice plates for 2c. per 
 pound ; bolts and nuts 4c. per pound — all f . o. b. cars, our 
 mill, with freight allowed to Muskegon. 
 
 If favored with your order we could make shipment 
 during July and August. (104) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
MOTOR CARS 
 
 Mr. W. D. Wilson 1 , 219 
 
 Pittsburgh 1 , Pa. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We are enclosing a print from a half-tone 1 of our 1907 
 touring car, and should like to have you give the cut a 
 moment's attention. Should the appearance of the car meet 
 with your favor, we trust you will feel interested in giving 
 it further consideration, and we will promptly mail you any 
 particulars you may desire regarding the constructive 1 detail 
 or general working of the car. We have thoroughly 1 tested 
 the car on hundreds 1 of miles of the worst 1 of road surfaces, 
 and nothing has been found wanting to make it a complete 
 success. 
 
 May we regard you as a possible purchaser 1 and 
 arrange to give you a demonstration 1 free of charge ? (114) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Upton Motor Works, 220 
 
 Frankfort 1 , Ky 1 . 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 If I should again consider taking the agency for Knox- 
 ville 1 and surrounding 1 territory 1 for your machine, what is 
 the very closest 1 price you would be willing to make on the 
 Maron body car, fitted with full leather 1 top? At present 
 no high-class 1 car is being sold in Knoxville ; I mean by this 
 not a single car that will withstand 1 all kinds of roads and 
 show the mileage or horse-power that yours has demonstra- 
 ted 1 . It occurs to me that an up-to-date car with a good 
 engine would sell well here, as there are many people who 
 would purchase a machine if they could be assured that the 
 first cost was the greatest cost. I myself wish to invest in a 
 car, but do not want to buy one that will cost me double 
 
 127 
 
128 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 the original 1 price to keep it in repair the first year. For 
 my information, you might send me a cut of the car men- 
 tioned, together with any printed matter you have descrip- 
 tive 1 of the engine, ^tc 1 . (172) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Franklin 1 Touring Car Co., 221 
 
 New Britain 1 , Conn 1 . 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We have your letter of the 18th inst. by Supt 1 . 
 Bradford 1 , and in reply must state that we do not carry in 
 stock finished 1 axle equipment 1 , such equipments being 
 made on order and in quantities 1 only. The clutch drive or 
 floating rear axle shown as Exhibit A in our catalogue, is 
 used on the Martin car this season. Front and rear axles 
 complete with foreign type bearings as shown, would cost 
 approximately 1 $295 per set when ordered in lots of one 
 hundred sets. We could not undertake a smaller order than 
 fifty sets at an increase of 15% over prices quoted. In the 
 season closing June 1 last we furnished 1 to the trade com- 
 plete front and rear axles for 9600 automobiles 1 , all of which 
 material was furnished on order. (131) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Mr. Thomas Mitchell 1 , 222 
 
 Marion, Ind 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We have your letter and order of the 18th for one sec- 
 ondary 1 transfer 1 switch 1 for 4-cylinder 1 engine to be used in 
 throwing secondary from magneto 1 to battery ignition 1 . In 
 this connection 1 , we wish to state that there are many kinds 
 of switches for high-tension magnetoes and not two alike. 
 It all depends upon the system of the magneto and coil 
 used. If you want this switch for Mr. Mason's car, which 
 is equipped 1 with our magneto, having also a high-tension 
 
MOTOR CARS 129 
 
 distributer 1 with a battery, you could use a single switch 
 running from the magneto to the switch and from the switch 
 to the ground, and have another switch for your other 
 ignition. We do not have on hand any secondary transfer 
 switches, but if you desire, we can send an order to Paris 
 at once and get them w 7 ithin three or four weeks ; or if you 
 will let us know exactly 1 what you intend 1 to do with this 
 switch and what kind of ignition you have on your car, we 
 may be able to manufacture 1 a special switch for you. 
 
 Very t r uly y ours, (183) 
 
 Swinton 1 Motor Car Co., 223 
 
 Philadelphia 1 , Pa. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 Enclosed find our check for $400, being twenty per 
 cent, of the purchase price of the Swinton car ordered from 
 Mr. Minds at the recent automobile 1 show. We would 
 have mailed this before, but were waiting to hear from you 
 in regard to a contract which was to have been mailed to 
 us as soon as your agent reached home. We have had some 
 inquiries 1 about your machines, and should like to know 
 where in New York you permanently 1 exhibit 1 . 
 
 Please give us some idea of the date of delivery of 
 our demonstrating 1 car, and make it as early as possible, as 
 we are anxious 1 to do business with it. (110) 
 Respectfully yours, 
 
 Mr. C. S. MacKellar 1 , 224 
 
 Norwalk 1 , Conn 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 The 1907 Mercurys 1 are here. The famous single- 
 cylinder 1 models hardly need an exhaustive 1 description — 
 they are so widely used and known. It is an interesting 
 fact that there are 15,000 of these cars in active service 
 today, each upholding 1 the Mercury reputation of costing 
 less to operate, of lasting longer, of being more reliable 1 , 
 
130 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 and of representing 1 more real return for the first cost, than 
 any other make of machine. 
 
 The single-cylinder Mercurys this year consist of the 
 runabout 1 , $800, 30*x3* wheels; light (five-passenger 1 ) 
 touring car, $950 ; folding tonneau, $1000 ; coupe, $1350 ; 
 light delivery, $950. 
 
 As this is the time to place orders for the new cars, 
 we hope you will permit us to arrange a demonstration 1 for 
 you of the particular model you wish to purchase. (139) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Cranston 1 Motor Vehicle 1 Company, 225 
 
 Lewiston 1 , Me. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We regret very much to find it necessary to write you 
 regarding the first car purchased from you last year. As 
 you remember, it was sent back to the factory and was to 
 be put in first-class 1 running condition. We received the 
 car here, sold it, and it was in service only a few days when 
 it developed 1 a decided knock in the motor. We were 
 obliged to take the bottom of the crank case off, and found 
 that the lower half of the center crank-shaft bearing had 
 broken in half. This we repaired. At the time we noticed 
 that the connecting 1 rods were somewhat loose, but did not 
 feel that this was going to cause any trouble, so we put the 
 car together. These repairs required about thirty hours of 
 labor. On trying the car we found, much to our surprise 1 , 
 that the defect 1 had not been overcome, and we were obliged 
 to take it apart again, this time making new wrist pins and 
 bushings and readjusting 1 other parts of the mechanism 1 . 
 Three days after the car was put on the road it again col- 
 lapsed 1 , and Mr. Johnson, the owner, now wants to know 
 what can be expected 1 of us by way of putting the machine 
 in permanently 1 serviceable 1 condition. We are at a loss to 
 know how to act in the matter, and await your instructions 1 . 
 Yours very truly, (230) 
 
MOTOB CARS 131 
 
 Mr. Joseph N. Malloy, 226 
 
 Dover, N. H 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Keplying to your inquiry 1 of the 9th inst., we can 
 quote you a cash price of $350 each, net, on a quantity 1 of 
 our 34 H. P. vertical 1 4 cylinder 1 automobile 1 motors. The 
 cylinders are \\" bore with 5" stroke. The dimensions are 
 as follows : Length of engine from outside face of flywheel 
 to extreme end of crank case, 30"; diameter 1 of flywheel, 
 16" ; face of flywheel, 4"; height from seat of crank shaft to 
 top of motor, 22". 
 
 This is a high-grade motor, very light, weighing 
 about 340 pounds, and very strong, and has made a reputa- 
 tion for itself second to none. The price includes clutch, 
 carburetor 1 , timer, spark plugs, coil, circulating 1 pump 
 attached, and wrench. You will notice we furnish more 
 accessories 1 than are usually supplied by other manufac- 
 turers 1 . We guarantee 1 this motor free from defective 1 
 material and workmanship 1 . 
 
 We are enclosing herewith copy of circular 1 describ- 
 ing our marine motors, as we have just run out of cata- 
 logues of our automobile motors, and new ones have not yet 
 come from the press. As the marine motor is of the same 
 design and make as the automobile motor, with the excep- 
 tion of the bed plate, this circular will give you a very good 
 idea of the motor you want. (221) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Decatur Manufacturing 1 Co., 227 
 
 Decatur, 111. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We acknowledge receipt of your order of the 27th 
 for five additional 1 type O motors. It will be impossible 
 for us to ship these within thirty days as you request, and 
 
132 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 the best we can do is one motor per week after April 17 and 
 until May 15, but after that we can give you two per week 
 until June 15, then four per week. These promises are 
 based upon running our plant exclusively 1 upon your sizes, 
 but we also have other customers 1 to whom we must give 
 some attention, and as your specifications 1 were received 
 very late in the season, it does not leave us much time to 
 offer you. We are as anxious 1 to furnish you with our 
 goods as you are to receive them, but we cannot make 
 promises that will largely overtax 1 our capacity 1 . 
 
 Referring to the matter of prices on our goods, would 
 say that you possibly can secure lower quotations, but they 
 are undoubtedly 1 from builders who have no experience in 
 this class of work, and do not know the expense entailed 1 in 
 manufacturing a marketable 1 and first-class 1 motor in quan- 
 tities 1 ; and we question 1 their ability to deliver the goods, 
 notwithstanding 1 their promises. It is necessary for build- 
 ers of high-class 1 machinery 1 to get a fair price for their 
 product in order that they can employ the highest grade of 
 workmanship 1 and material, and support their output with 
 a strong guarantee 1 . You will find our machines satisfac- 
 tory in every way, and our guarantee is substantial 1 . There 
 are certain classes of trade to which we cannot sell, as they 
 are seeking cheap goods. 
 
 We are naturally 1 Tushed at this season of the year, 
 and do not wish you to take the deliveries above men- 
 tioned as absolutely 1 definite. There are many factors 1 to 
 consider in building motors, including deliveries of raw 
 materials, contingencies 1 , etc 1 ., which make it very difficult 
 for us to state absolutely what we can do. Moreover, it is 
 impossible to obtain experienced 1 mechanics 1 on this work, 
 which adds another factor of uncertainty 1 . We value your 
 business, and will do everything possible to retain it. (355) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
ELECTRICITY 
 
 Mr. Samuel Hewett 1 , Jr 1 ., 228 
 
 Leavenworth 1 , Kans. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Answering your inquiry 1 of March 24, I may say that 
 when a direct 1 current 1 flows through a conductor 1 it is con- 
 veyed by the entire 1 bulk of the conductor, the current 
 being equally distributed 1 throughout the whole cross-sec- 
 tion 1 ; hence the usefulness 1 of the expression 100 amperes 1 
 per square inch, for example 1 . When an alternating 1 cur- 
 rent flows through a conductor and the current has high 
 frequency 1 , it is unevenly distributed. This effect, called 
 the skin effect, is inappreciable 1 at commercial 1 frequencies 
 and for conductors less than J inch in diameter 1 . At ex- 
 tremely high frequencies the current may be said to lie 
 wholly on the surface of the conductor. (107) 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Frank Disston, Esq., 229 
 
 Oakland, Cal 1 . 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Replying to your recent communication 1 regarding 
 the various types of mercury 1 vapor lamps, we have to say 
 that this lamp is now being extensively 1 used in nearly all 
 the large cities of the country, and men who have worked 
 under it claim that they soon become accustomed to its 
 peculiar 1 color, and find the light very satisfactory. The 
 lamp has its principal field in lighting large factory areas, 
 draughting rooms, and other places of like character 1 , where it 
 *has met with great favor. It is also used to some extent for 
 lighting show windows, where its rather novel appearance 
 gives it considerable value as an advertising medium. Pho- 
 
 133 
 
134 THE COMPLETE DICTATES; 
 
 tographers 1 have found it useful in their developing 1 work. 
 We believe that for the work you mention this lamp would 
 fully meet your requirements, and we think after you have 
 used it you will agree with us that it fills a long-felt want. 
 The method of operating the lamp, current 1 consumption, 
 and other data, are given in the enclosed catalogue. (167) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 The Newton Garage 1 Company, 230 
 
 Newton, Kans. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We have your communication 1 of the 9th ult. relative 
 to obtaining direct 1 current 1 at your garage, in order to 
 charge your various automobiles 1 . As you are no doubt 
 aware, the electric 1 lighting company's service in this sec- 
 tion of the city is exclusively 1 alternating 1 current, and in 
 order to furnish you with direct current, it would be neces- 
 sary to arrange for installing rectifying 1 apparatus 1 of some 
 sort, such as a motor-generator 1 set or a mercury 1 arc recti- 
 fier 1 . In the event of your deciding to use either one of 
 these methods, we would suggest that you replace your 
 present panel board with one suitable for the purpose 1 you 
 have in mind. 
 
 Kindly let us hear from you at your earliest conven- 
 ience 1 so that we may push the matter through without 
 delay. We hope we maybe of further service to you in this 
 particular. (145) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Messrs. Collier 1 & Bean, 231 
 
 Lawrence 1 , Mass. 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 Answering your inquiry as to the best type of switch- 
 board 1 instruments 1 to place in your new building, we 
 would strongly urge you to place nothing but the best mate- 
 
ELECTRICITY 135 
 
 rial obtainable 1 . Our experience has been that where cheap 
 instruments have been installed, dissatisfaction 1 and con- 
 stant complaint have resulted invariably 1 . In several cases 
 in our recollection 1 it was necessary to make frequent 1 and 
 costly repairs on this account. We would suggest that you 
 have the instruments finished in a manner to conform 1 to 
 the marble work and fittings of the switchboard. Double 
 reading instruments, with a full scale deflection 1 of 800 
 amperes 1 , will be best suited to your purpose 1 . With ref- 
 erence to the switchboard itself, care should be exercised to 
 see that it is properly 1 placed and supported 1 on angle irons, 
 so that it will extend about eight inches from the wall. 
 
 We shall be pleased to give you any further informa- 
 tion you desire. (152) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Continental 1 Construction 1 Co., 232 
 
 Des Moines 1 , Io. 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 In furtherance 1 of my recent conversation 1 with your 
 manager, I am greatly pleased to give you the additional 1 
 information you asked for regarding electrical 1 engineering 1 
 stations. In my opinion a main generating 1 station in a 
 large city, such as you have in mind, should be located so 
 that there will be readily available 1 a large amount of water 
 for steam purposes 1 . It should also be in such a location 
 that railroad sidings can be readily constructed, in order 
 that a large coal supply may be assured. It is also best to 
 secure as large an area as possible for the building, as the in- 
 creased business will, in a few years, necessitate 1 extensions 
 to the original 1 plant. There are, of course, other matters 
 to be considered, but the three mentioned above are the 
 principal conditions for which it is absolutely 1 essential 1 to 
 provide. (142) 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
i36 THE COMPLETE DICTATED 
 
 Mr. Joseph W. Mansfield 1 , 233 
 
 Hannibal 1 , Mo. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We find upon assembling the various telephone appa- 
 ratus 1 for use in our laboratories 1 that certain pieces have 
 somehow 1 been overlooked in the lists arranged for some- 
 time 1 ago. We therefore wish to ask the favor of the loan 
 of the following pieces to complete the sets we now have : 
 
 2 
 
 No. 
 
 136 
 
 jacks 
 
 4 
 
 14 
 
 14A. 
 
 key levers 
 
 1 
 
 u 
 
 34D 
 
 signal, unmounted 1 
 
 4 
 
 u 
 
 406A 
 
 keys 
 
 1 
 
 u 
 
 41C 
 
 signal, unmounted 
 
 3 
 
 li 
 
 118U 
 
 relays, unmounted 
 
 3 
 
 u 
 
 16 
 
 lamp sockets 1 
 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 4G 
 
 lamps 
 
 3 
 
 u 
 
 186 
 
 cord, 8" long 
 
 4 
 
 <t 
 
 4A 
 
 lamp caps 
 
 4 
 
 (1 
 
 IE 
 
 resistance 1 coils (102) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Rev. Michael Morris, 234 
 
 Worcester 1 , Mass. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 In reply to your favor of yesterday 1 with respect to 
 furnishing you with an estimate for wiring your residence 
 for ninety electric 1 lights, we wish to say that we have gone 
 over this matter carefully, and beg to enclose you speci- 
 fications 1 covering the work required. We find the cost of 
 putting in an installation 1 that is first-class 1 and up-to-date 
 in every respect, in accordance 1 with these specifications, is 
 $450. This work will, of course, be subject to the inspec- 
 tion 1 of the fire underwriters 1 before current 1 can be placed 
 on the lines, which precaution is necessary in order to pro- 
 tect 1 you in the matter of your insurance policies. The fee 
 for this inspection we have included in the above price. 
 
ELECTRICITY 137 
 
 You will note we have made arrangements 1 for some decora- 
 tive 1 lighting in the dining-room and drawing-room, and for 
 other special lights, such as newel posts on the various land- 
 ings, reading lamps, cooking utensils 1 , etc. (158) 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Mr. Raymond T. Dugan, 235 
 
 Hoboken, N. J. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 The recent issues of the technical 1 journals contain 
 very readable accounts of several interesting experiments 1 
 now being conducted on metal filament lamps, which fila- 
 ments are somewhat out of the ordinary 1 and, in many 
 respects 1 , are radically 1 different from the filaments in exten- 
 sive 1 use. From the accounts it would appear that attempts 
 are being made to utilize some of the rare metallic elements 1 , 
 such as tungsten 1 and tantalum 1 , for this purpose 1 . There 
 is no reason to doubt the success of some of these experi- 
 ments, and there is likely to be a considerable demand for 
 lamps of this kind. 
 
 I am apprising you of this, as I believe you are greatly 
 interested in any advances that are made in the art of illu- 
 mination 1 . (121) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 The Saunders Sporting Goods Co. , 236 
 
 Syracuse 1 , N. Y. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 We are in receipt of your favor of the 19th instant 
 asking our opinion on the advisability 1 of your replacing 
 the present installation 1 of gas arcs in your various stores 
 with some form of electric 1 illumination 1 , which will give 
 you the same amount of light as you are getting at present 
 and also enable you to advertise your goods more effectively 1 . 
 
138 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 There are a number of forms of electric illumination 
 which, we think, would meet your requirements, and among 
 which we might mention ordinary 1 incandescent 1 lamps, 
 Nernst 1 lamps, enclosed arc lamps, or a comparatively 1 
 recent form of lighting, the Cooper-Hewitt 1 mercury 1 arc. 
 These two latter methods might possibly be a little cheaper, 
 but we are of the opinion that a number of small units 
 would be more satisfactory to you. We would also suggest 
 that you place in a conspicuous 1 position on the front of each 
 of your stores, an electric sign of some description which, 
 we believe, would prove a very good advertisement. (164) 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Henry V. Knight, Esq., 237 
 
 Camden, N. J. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 We are especially 1 desirous 1 that you should look 
 into the merits of the Turner primary battery as exhibited 1 
 at the offices of the company, 371 Bullitt building. Most 
 people who are in any way interested in the development 1 of 
 electricity 1 , have been familiar 1 with the strides made in 
 perfecting 1 the electric storage 1 battery, and have been 
 aware that its greatest defects 1 are its excessive weight and 
 the danger from deterioration 1 , should the battery become 
 entirely depleted of electricity. Of the Turner primary 
 battery Professor 1 Carl Herring, of the Franklin 1 Institute 1 , 
 says, " Compared with a storage battery for about the same 
 duty, I find that the storage battery weighs about three 
 times as much, occupies about twice as much floor space and 
 more than twice the volume 1 for the same power." 
 
 A limited amount of the stock of this company is 
 offered for sale. We should be pleased to have you call and 
 investigate 1 . (153) 
 
 Very truly yours. 
 
ELECTRICITY 139 
 
 Mr. Harry W. Brewster, 238 
 
 Lynn, Mass. 
 Dear Sir : 
 
 Some days ago we received a shipment of five motors 
 ordered from you on our order No. 92765 sent you last Octo- 
 ber 1 . We felt confident, after giving you two months exten- 
 sion on this order, that the shipment would be satisfactory. 
 We found, however, upon unpacking the boxes containing 
 the motors, that this was not the case. On two of the 
 motors the commutators 1 are defective 1 , having evidently 
 been knocked by some blunt instrument 1 . Two of the 
 motors which we particularly requested should be given a 
 special finish, are without this. The armature 1 of the other 
 motor is imperfectly 1 wound, and a mistake 1 has appar- 
 ently 1 been made in winding the field coils for alternating 1 
 current 1 instead of direct 1 current, as we ordered. It is 
 difficult to understand how a firm of your standing can 
 afford to make shipments of this character 1 . We are re- 
 turning you the five motors by fast freight, and we shall 
 expect you to forward to us at your earliest convenience 1 
 five new motors in perfect condition and in accordance 1 
 with our order. (175) 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Messrs. Holden Bros. & Lackey, 239 
 
 Cedar Rapids 1 , Io. 
 Dear Sirs : 
 
 I am sending you today by express, charges 1 prepaid, 
 a box containing three instruments 1 as follows : 
 
 1. Model 45 ammeter 1 1949, with 2 shunts and 4 
 terminals 1 . These latter have been sent without the leads 
 which were in such bad shape as to be useless. You will 
 notice, of course, that the shunts are mounted on a base, 
 
140 THE COMPLETE DICTATEE 
 
 and will understand that I do not expect 1 this mounting 
 to be disturbed 1 . The instrument itself is burnt out and 
 will need thorough repairing. 
 
 2. Portable 1 standard 1 milli-voltmeter 1 4840, together 
 with shunt and leads complete. This instrument has a badly 
 bent pointer 1 so that the system will need overhauling 1 , but 
 otherwise 1 it is acceptable. 
 
 3. Portable standard ammeter 1800. This is the in- 
 strument you returned to me only about a week ago, and 
 you will find that it, too, has a badly bent pointer. 
 
 There are some things about this meter that I want 
 to take up in detail. When I placed the instrument in ser- 
 vice the readings were not as I expected to find them. The 
 meter was then checked up, first on the high scale, and I 
 was much surprised to find, as you doubtless will be, that 
 it was in error about 18%. The low scale was checked up 
 and found to be all right, but unfortunately 1 , during the 
 calibration 1 of the low scale, a short circuit 1 occurred, which 
 resulted in a bent pointer, although the instrument is prob- 
 ably otherwise unharmed 1 , as the circuit breaker opened 
 almost instantly 1 . If you will straighten 1 out the pointer 
 and check up the calibration, you will doubtless find the 
 facts to be as I have stated them. This being the case, it 
 seems to me the charges for the repairs to this instrument 
 should not include recalibration 1 , although I understand 
 perfectly 1 that a charge for balancing the system, etc 1 ., is 
 just. 
 
 I hope you will repair these instruments as soon as 
 possible and return them within a few days. A formal 
 order for repairs is enclosed, and you will please note that I 
 should like to have a separate 1 bill rendered 1 for repairs to 
 each instrument. (355) 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
PART II 
 Legal Forms and Testimony 
 
TO THE TEACHER 
 
 The legal forms here presented are those most generally 
 used. If the student is thoroughly drilled in them, he will 
 have command of the phraseology peculiar to all legal 
 documents. These forms may be accepted as types of the 
 best employed in practice today. 
 
 The two examples of testimony have been selected from 
 goverment publications with a view to affording practice in 
 the writing of questions and answers. The purpose has 
 been to furnish material of this kind in just sufficient quan- 
 tity to do this. Testimony, as a rule, is the easiest kind of 
 matter to write, and no good purpose can be served by 
 giving the student much of it. What is dictated, too, 
 should be interesting, informing, and dignified. Most of 
 that arising from every-day civil and criminal suits is not 
 fit to be read to young people. 
 
 142 
 
LEGAL FORMS 
 BILL OF SALE 
 
 Know all Men by these Presents that I, Charles 
 Kingston, of the city of Watertown 1 , Jefferson 1 county, 
 New York, of the first part, for and in consideration of the 
 sum of ten dollars ($10), lawful money of the United 
 States, to me in hand paid, at or before the ensealing 1 and 
 delivery of these presents, by William Miller, of the same 
 place, of the second part, the receipt whereof 1 is hereby 
 acknowledged 1 , have bargained 1 and sold, and by these 
 presents do grant and convey unto the said party of the 
 second part, his executors 1 , administrators 1 , and assigns, 
 the twelfth edition of Ridpath's History of the World. 
 
 And I do covenant 1 to and with the said party of the 
 second part that I am the owner and have the right to 
 sell and transfer 1 the said property 1 , and will defend the 
 same against any person or persons whomsoever 1 claiming 
 the same. 
 
 In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto 1 set my 
 hand and seal the second day of May in the year one 
 thousand nine hundred and seven. 
 
 POWER OF ATTORNEY 
 
 Know all Men by these Presents that I, James 
 Holly, of the city of Elizabeth, county of Union, and state 
 of New Jersey, have made, constituted 1 , and appointed, 
 and by these presents do make, constitute, and appoint 
 Joseph Smith, of the said city, my true and lawful attorney 
 for me and in my name, place, and stead, to grant, bargain, 
 and sell all such lands,- tenements 1 , and hereditaments 1 
 whatsoever, situated in the state of New Jersey, whereof 1 I 
 now am, by any ways or means howsoever 1 entitled to or 
 interested in, either in severalty 1 or jointly, or in common 
 
 143 
 
144 THE COMPLETE DICTATED 
 
 with any other person or persons, or any part, share or pro- 
 portion 1 thereof, and all such right, title, interest, claim, 
 and demand, both in law and in equity 1 , as I may have in 
 the same, for such sum and price and on such terms as to him 
 shall seem meet, giving and granting unto my said attorney 
 full power and authority 1 to do and perform 1 all and every 
 act or thing whatsoever requisite and necessary to be done 
 in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and pur- 
 poses as I might or could do if personally present, with full 
 power of substitution 1 and revocation 1 , hereby ratifying and 
 confirming all that my said attorney or his substitute 1 shall 
 lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof. 
 
 In Witness Whereof, I hereunto 1 set my hand 
 and seal the fifth day of January, one thousand nine hun- 
 dred and seven. 
 
 AFFIDAVIT 
 
 State of Connecticut 1 \ 
 
 City and County of New Haven J ss 
 
 Alexander 1 Winter, of said city and county, being 
 duly sworn 1 , deposes and says that he is a clerk in the 
 store of Morrison & Bland, booksellers 1 , of 47 Main street, 
 in the city of New Haven. That while in the performance 1 
 of his regular duty, that of waiting upon customers, there 
 appeared in the store on the 22d day of June, 1907, one 
 Edward A. Munson, who after examining several books and 
 asking their prices, suddenly left the store without making 
 a purchase. That deponent 1 , regarding his action as myste- 
 rious 1 , made an investigation 1 into the books that the said 
 Edward A. Munson was examining, and discovered one, a 
 valuable souvenir 1 edition of Shakespeare's 1 plays, to be 
 missing from its place. Deponent further avers that upon 
 other visits of the said Munson to the store of Morrison & 
 Bland, he observed the said Munson acting suspiciously 1 
 among the book shelves, and upon the days of such visits 
 
LEGAL FORMS 145 
 
 books were invariably 1 reported missing from the store. 
 That upon one of these occasions deponent personally saw 
 the said Munson take from the counter a copy of Longfel- 
 low's poems with the evident intention 1 of carrying it away 
 with him. 
 
 Wherefore deponent says that it is his belief that the 
 said Edward A. Munson is the person who on the day above 
 mentioned took from the store of Morrison & Bland the said 
 souvenir edition of Shakespeare's plays. 
 
 Sworn to and subscribed 1 this 10th day of July, 1907, 
 before me . . . ., Notary Public. 
 
 LEASE 
 
 Lease made and executed between John Carlisle 1 of 
 the city of New Castle 1 , county of Lawrence 1 , state of Penn- 
 sylvania, of the first part, and Henry Miles, of the same 
 city, of the second part, this first day of March in the year 
 one thousand nine hundred and seven. 
 
 In Consideration of the rents and covenants 1 here- 
 inafter 1 expressed, the said party of the first part has demised 
 and leased, and does hereby demise and lease to the said 
 party of the second part the following premises, viz : 
 
 A dwelling 1 house situated on the east side of Flint 
 street between Bond street and South street, and known as 
 124 Flint street, New Castle, Pennsylvania, with the privi- 
 leges 1 and appurtenances 1 , for and during the term of one 
 year from the first day of May, 1907, which term will end 
 on the thirtieth day of April, 1908. And the said party 
 of the second part covenants that he will pay to the party of 
 the first part for the use of said premises, the monthly rent 
 of forty dollars ($40), to be paid monthly in advance. 
 
 And Provided, that if said party of the second part 
 shall fail to pay said rent, or any part thereof 1 , when it 
 becomes due, it is agreed that said party of the first part 
 may sue for the same, or reenter said premises, or resort to 
 any legal remedy. 
 
146 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 The party of the second part covenants that at the 
 expiration of said term he will surrender 1 up said premises 
 to the party of the first part in as good condition as now, 
 necessary wear and damages by the elements excepted. 
 
 Witness the hands and seals of the said parties the 
 day and year first above written. 
 
 PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT 
 
 Articles of Agreement,- made the first day of 
 July, one thousand nine hundred and seven, between Frank 
 Mills, of the city of Chicago, county of Cook, state of Illi- 
 nois, and Bernard Boyce, of the same place. 
 
 WITNESSETH 1 , as follows: 
 
 I. The said parties above named have agreed to 
 become partners in business, and by these presents do agree 
 to be partners together under and by the name or firm of 
 Mills and Boyce, at the said city of Chicago, in the 
 grocery 1 business, buying and selling all sorts of goods, 
 wares, and merchandise 1 to the said business belonging. 
 The partnership 1 to commence on the first day of August, 
 1907, and to continue ten years. 
 
 II. To that end and purpose the said Frank Mills 
 has contributed 1 the sum of five thousand dollars ($5000) 
 in cash, and the said Bernard Boyce has contributed the 
 lease of the store at 150 State street, in the said city of Chi- 
 cago, to be occupied by them, and the stock of goods and 
 good -will of the business there heretofore 1 carried on by 
 him, which are together estimated and valued by the parties 
 at the like sum of five thousand dollars (J5000), the capital 
 stock so formed to be used and employed in common 
 between them, for the support and management of the said 
 business, to their mutual benefit and advantage. 
 
 III. At all times during the continuance 1 of their 
 partnership they and each of them will give their attend- 
 ance 1 , and to the utmost of their skill and power exert 
 
LEGAL FORMS 147 
 
 themselves for their joint interest, profit, benefit, and 
 advantage, and truly buy, sell, and merchandise with their 
 joint stock, and the increase thereof 1 , in the business afore- 
 said 1 . And they shall and will at all times during the said 
 partnership bear, pay, and discharge equally between them 
 all rents and other expenses that may be required for the 
 support and management of the said business; and all 
 gains, profit, and increase that shall come, grow, or arise 
 from or by means of their said business, shall be divided 
 equally between them on the first day of August, November, 
 February, and May in each year during the continuance 
 of said partnership ; and all loss that shall happen to 
 their said business by ill commodities 1 , bad debts, or other- 
 wise, shall be borne and paid between them equally. 
 
 IV. And at the end or sooner termination of their 
 partnership the said partners, each to the other, shall and 
 will make a true, just, and final account of all things 
 relating to their said business, and in all things truly adjust 
 the same; and all the stock, as well as the gains and increase 
 thereof, which shall appear to be remaining, either in money, 
 goods, wares, fixtures 1 , debts, or otherwise, shall be divided 
 between them. 
 
 In Witness Whereof, the parties hereto have here- 
 unto interchangeably 1 set their hands, the day and year first 
 above, written. 
 
 WILL 
 
 I, James Simpson, of the city of Goldsboro 1 in the 
 county of Wayne and state of North Carolina 1 , being of 
 sound mind and memory, do make, publish 1 , and declare 
 this my last will and testament 1 , in manner following, that 
 is to say: 
 
 First : I direct that all my just debts and funeral 
 expenses be paid. 
 
 Second : I give and bequeath to my son, William 
 Simpson, five thousand dollars ($5000). 
 
148 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 Third : I give and bequeath to the Baptist Church 
 of Goldsboro three thousand dollars ($3000). 
 
 Fourth : I give, devise, and bequeath to my wife, 
 Elizabeth Simpson, all the rest, residue, and remainder 1 of 
 my estate, both real and personal, in lieu of her right of 
 dower. 
 
 Lastly : I hereby appoint Henry Weston executor 1 
 of this my last will and testament, hereby revoking all 
 former wills by me made. 
 
 In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto 1 subscribed 1 
 my name the tenth day of June, in the year of our Lord, 
 one thousand nine hundred and seven. 
 
 BOND 
 
 Know all Men by these Presents that I, A. 
 C. Lind, of the city of New York, am held and firmly 
 bound to Henry T. Prince, of the said city, in the sum of 
 one thousand dollars ($1000), to be paid to the said Henry 
 T. Prince or to his certain attorney, executors 1 , administra- 
 tors 1 , or assigns. For which payment, well and truly to be 
 made, I bind myself and my heirs, executors, or administra- 
 tors, jointly and severally 1 , firmly by these presents. 
 
 Sealed this first day of July in the year of our Lord , 
 one thousand nine hundred and seven. 
 
 The condition of this obligation is such that if the 
 above bounden A. C. Lind, his heirs, executors, or adminis- 
 trators, shall and do well and truly pay or cause to be paid 
 unto the above-named Henry T. Prince or to his certain 
 attorney, executors, administrators, or assigns, the sum of 
 one thousand dollars ($1000), in manner following, that is 
 to say: one hundred dollars ($100) in one year from the 
 date hereof 1 , four hundred dollars ($400) in two years from 
 date, and five hundred dollars ($500) in three years from date, 
 together with interest thereon to be computed from the date 
 hereof at the rate of seven per cent, per annum, said interest to 
 be due and payable annually hereafter 1 ; (said first party 
 
LEGAL FORMS 149 
 
 is to have the privilege 1 of paying the entire principal sum 
 unpaid, at either of the dates fixed above for the payment 
 of installments 1 ), and shall further keep and perform 1 all 
 and singular the covenants 1 and agreements specified in a 
 certain mortgage 1 collateral 1 hereto, together with those 
 hereinafter 1 expressed, without fraud or delay; then the pre- 
 ceding obligation to be void, otherwise to remain in full 
 force and virtue. 
 
 And it is hereby expressly agreed that should any 
 default be made in the payment of the said interest, or of 
 any installment of principal, on any day whereon 1 the 
 same is made payable, as above expressed, and should the 
 same remain unpaid and in arrear for the space of thirty 
 days, then and from thenceforth 1 , that is to say, after the 
 lapse of the said thirty days, so much of the aforesaid 1 prin- 
 cipal sum of one thousand dollars ($1000) as remains 
 unpaid, with all arrearage 1 of interest thereon, shall at the 
 option of said obligee, his executors, administrators, or 
 assigns, become and be due and payable immediately there- 
 after 1 , although the period above limited for the payment 
 thereof may not then have expired, anything therein before 
 contained to the contrary thereof in anywise notwith- 
 standing 1 . 
 
 DEED 
 
 This Indenture 1 , made the first day of April in 
 the year of our Lord, one thousand nine hundred and 
 seven (1907), between William J. Lewis, of the city of 
 Philadelphia, gentleman, and Mary Victoria, his wife, of the 
 one part, grantor 1 , and John Henry Jones, of the said city, 
 clerk, of the other part, grantee 1 , WITNESSETH 1 that the 
 grantor for and in consideration of the sum of one thousand 
 dollars ($1000) lawful money of the United States of 
 America, unto them well and truly paid by the grantee at 
 or before the sealing and delivery hereof 1 , the receipt 
 
150 THE COMPLETE DICTATES 
 
 whereof 1 is hereby acknowledged, have granted, bargained, 
 and sold, released and confirmed, and by these presents do 
 grant, bargain, and sell, release and cod firm unto the 
 grantee, his heirs and assigns, all that certain lot or piece of 
 ground with the two story brick messuage 1 or tenement 1 
 thereon erected described as follows : Situate on the west side 
 of Twelfth street at the distance of one hundred feet north- 
 ward 1 from the north side of Thompson street in the Twen- 
 tieth ward of the city of Philadelphia; containing in front or 
 breadth on the said Twelfth street eighteen feet and extend- 
 ing of that width in length or depth westward 1 seventy-five 
 feet to a certain four-feet wide alley extending northward 
 and southward 1 from the said Thompson street to Master 
 street. 
 
 To Have and to Hold the said lot or piece of 
 ground above described with the two-story brick messuage 
 or tenement thereon erected, hereditaments 1 , and premises 
 hereby granted, or mentioned and intended 1 so to be, with 
 the appurtenances 1 , unto the grantee, his heirs and assigns, 
 to and for the only proper 1 use and behoof of the grantee, 
 his heirs and assigns forever. And the said William J. 
 Lewis for himself, his heirs, executors 1 , and administrators 1 , 
 does covenant 1 , promise, and agree, to and with the grantee, 
 his heirs and assigns, by these presents, that he, the said 
 William J. Lewis, and his heirs, all and singular, the 
 hereditaments and premises hereby granted, or mentioned 
 and intended so to be with the appurtenances, unto the 
 grantee, his heirs and assigns, against him the said William 
 J. Lewis and his heirs, and against all and every person and 
 persons whomsoever, 1 lawfully claiming or to claim the same 
 or any part thereof 1 , by, from, or under him, them or any 
 of them, shall and will warrant and forever 1 defend. 
 
 In Witness Whereof, the said parties to these 
 presents have hereunto 1 interchangeably 1 set their hands 
 and seals. Dated the day and year first above written. 
 
TESTIMONY A 
 
 Testimony 1 , in part, of Professor 1 Emory R. Johnson 
 before the Subcommittee 1 of the Committee on Interoceanic 1 
 Canals. 
 
 Washington 1 , D. C, February 25, 1902. 
 
 The subcommittee met at 10.30 a. m. 
 Present : Senators 1 Morgan (chairman), Hanna, Hawley, 
 
 Kittredge 1 , and Millard 1 . 
 
 (This particular portion of Professor John- 
 son's testimony was based upon an opinion expressed 
 by him before the subcommittee that "neither the 
 Nicaragua 1 canal nor the one across the Isthmus 1 of 
 Panama 1 would be used by sailing vessels," that 
 the u tendency 1 of commerce is to use steamers in- 
 stead of sailing vessels for all classes of traffic") 
 
 Q. (By the chairman. ) Do you go upon the assump- 
 tion that steam navigation is cheaper per ton per mile across 
 the ocean than sailing navigation ? — A. No ; I draw conclu- 
 sions 1 in regard to the future of the sailing vessels from two 
 sources of information — one is the statistical 1 showing, which 
 indicates 1 the very rapid substitution 1 of the steamer for the 
 sailing vessel ; and second, an extensive 1 correspondence 1 
 and a good deal of conference 1 with the men who are doing 
 business with sailing vessels and with steamers. 
 
 Q. My question 1 , Professor, is based upon the propo- 
 sition 1 or the assumption, which I think is a very correct 1 
 one, that transportation 1 on the ocean will always seek the 
 shortest 1 and cheapest route. — A. Yes. 
 
 Q. And the cheapest method of propulsion 1 , the 
 cheapest power ; and I understand you that you do not 
 think that in ocean travel steam power, in going around the 
 Horn, for instance, is cheaper than wind? — A. I have no 
 doubt that you can move a vessel 1000 miles by sail cheaper 
 than you can move it by steam. 
 
 151 
 
152 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 Q. If you can do that, you can move it 2000 miles 
 cheaper by sail than by steam. — A. But business men are 
 finding it more economical 1 for them to use the steamer in- 
 stead of the sailing vessel. 
 
 Q. Some of them may, on account of the nature of 
 their business, but I am taking the question of the transpor- 
 tation of the commerce of the world upon an interchange 1 
 of commodities 1 . — A. I take it the business of the world is 
 seeking the most economical means of carrying, and the sail- 
 ing vessel is giving way to the steamer because it is the 
 more economical agent. 
 
 Q. And yet it is your opinion that wind power for 
 propelling ships is cheaper than steam power? — A. I was 
 very guarded in my statement, Senator. My statement was 
 that you could move a vessel 1000 miles cheaper by wind 
 than you could by steam. 
 
 Q. Well, taking 10,000 miles, and then taking 20,000 
 miles, can you not move it cheaper that distance by wind 
 than you can by steam? — A. Yes ; but you are well aware 
 of the fact that only one of the expenses of running a vessel 
 is to move the vessel through the water, and a vessel, as I 
 understand it, is merely a business tool ; and business men 
 are finding that the steamer is the more economical tool to 
 use. 
 
 Q. Well, the longer the voyage by wind, as compared 
 with the voyage of the same vessel by steam, would you not 
 say that the wind voyage was cheaper than the steam voy- 
 age for 10,000 miles or 20,000 miles? — A. I would say this, 
 that if the sailing vessel could hold its place anywhere in 
 the world's commerce it would be on the longest distance 
 route, and for that very reason I went very carefully into 
 the question 
 
 Q. It would be very convenient to me if you would 
 answer my question. Will the stenographer please read my 
 question ? 
 
TESTIMONY A 153 
 
 The stenographer read the question, as follows : 
 
 " Well, the longer the voyage by wind, as compared 
 with the voyage of the same vessel by steam, would you not 
 say that the wind voyage was cheaper than the steam voyage 
 for 10,000 miles or 20,000 miles ?" 
 
 A. I would say no to that. 
 
 Q. Will you please explain why you say no? — A. 
 There are three lines of vessels running between New York 
 and Australia 1 . Until a few years ago they were entirely 
 sailing vessels, but now in the case of all three lines there 
 has been a large substitution of steam for sail, and the sub- 
 stitution is going on at the present time. It will be only a 
 few years when on that route — which is one of the longest 
 routes in the world — the steamer will have entirely displaced 
 the sailing vessel. Secondly, until a few years ago, Flint 
 & Co. operated a line of sailing vessels between New York 
 and San Francisco 1 , which is another one of the long routes 
 of the world. They sold out their entire fleet and have now 
 in operation seven, and soon will have nine, modern slow 
 freight steamers. 
 
 Q. (By Senator Hawley.) What was the word you 
 used in describing those freight steamers ? — A. Modern slow 
 freight steamers, 9-knot steamers. 
 
 Q. Is that considered the economical rate — 9 
 knots? — A. Yes; so I am told, that about 9 knots on a 
 long distance is more economical than any other speed, 
 more so than even 10 or 12. 
 
 Q. (By the chairman. ) The companies you mention 
 as having abandoned 1 sailing vessels for steamers, do they 
 send their vessels around the Horn ? — A. They go through 
 the Straits of Magellan 1 . 
 
 Q. That cuts off a considerable distance ? — A. Yes ; 
 but they navigate between New York and San Francisco. 
 
 Q. I understand, but going through the straits cuts 
 off a considerable distance ? — A. It cuts off about 2000 miles. 
 
154 THE COMPLETE DICTATED 
 
 Q. Now, a sailing ship cannot go through the straits? 
 —A, No. 
 
 Q. (By Senator Hawley. ) Do you mean that a sail- 
 ing vessel cannot go through the Straits of Magellan ? — A. 
 It can not, as a practical 1 proposition 1 . 
 
 Q. (By Senator Hanna. ) In your judgment, is the 
 change from the sailing vessels to steam vessels accounted 
 for by the fact that the sailing vessels can not go through 
 the Straits of Magellan ? — A. That is not my information. 
 It takes the steamer, running on this slow schedule 1 , sixty 
 days to make the trip from New York to San Francisco. It 
 takes sailing vessels one hundred and forty days, and there 
 you have the cause of the substitution of the steamer for the 
 sailing vessel. 
 
 Q. (By the chairman.) In the saving of time? — A. 
 It is in the saving of time, and in the fact that a vessel 
 which can do the work in sixty days instead of one hundred 
 and forty days is the more efficient 1 business tool. 
 
 Q. If the cargo you are carrying does not require the 
 saving of time, then that factor is lost, is it not ? — A. But 
 the cargo which passes over that route does require a short 
 time, and in the competition between the water route and 
 the rail route the 60-day vessel has a great advantage over 
 the 140-day vessel. 
 
 Q. It is that saving of time ; it is the value of that 
 competition that you have taken into account, is it not ? — 
 A. That is it in part ; yes. 
 
 Q. It is a large part of your calculation 1 , is it not? — 
 A. There are a great many factors which enter into the 
 question. Insurance 1 is one, and a large item. 
 
 Q. But is this not the fact — please note the question 
 instead of making an argument. The questions are easy 
 enough. I asked you if this competition was not a large 
 part of the calculation you made?— A. I was answering that 
 it was one of the factors that influenced me. 
 
TESTIMONY B 
 
 Testimony, in part, of John T. Wilson, Grand Chief, 
 Brotherhood 1 of Railway Trackmen of America, before the 
 Industrial 1 Commission 1 . 
 
 Washington, D. C, March 1, 1899. 
 The commission met at 11 a. m. 
 Present: Senators Kyle (chairman), Penrose 1 , Mallory 1 , 
 Daniel 1 ; Representatives 1 Gardner, Lorimer 1 , Liv- 
 ingston 1 , Bell, Otjen ; Messrs. Mantle, A. L. Harris, 
 North, Smyth, Farquhar 1 , Conger, Phillips, C. J. 
 Harris, Ratchford 1 , Kennedy. 
 
 (The questions 1 propounded 1 to Mr. Wilson 
 were based upon a paper read by him before the 
 commission, dealing with the labor conditions of 
 railway trackmen in the United States.) 
 
 Q. (By Mr. Kennedy.) Do the other brotherhoods 
 recognize your organization, and are you federated 1 with 
 them? — A. We have no alliance with any other organiza- 
 tion composed of railway employes or any other organization 
 in the country. 
 
 Q. Do the men in your organization feel that they are 
 neglected 1 by the other organizations and that the other 
 organizations do not do all they should in the way of better- 
 ing the poorer paid labor engaged in transportation 1 ? — A. I 
 have heard members of our organization say the classes of 
 railway employes that are well organized and are able to 
 command living wages have become selfish and are unsym- 
 pathetic 1 ; but, speaking as the chief representative of the 
 organization, I will say that the members of other organiza- 
 tions have done considerable to encourage our people to 
 organize by advising them and explaining to them how they 
 could benefit themselves by entering into an organization, 
 
 155 
 
156 THE COMPLETE DICTA TER 
 
 finding out what their grievances 1 are, what they are entitled 
 to, and how to contend for it. 
 
 Q. (By Chairman Kyle.) Is it the wish of your or- 
 ganization to be allied with these railway organizations? 
 Do you desire to be connected 1 with them ? — A. I wrote Mr. 
 Clark, the president of the Federation 1 of Eailway Em- 
 ployes, to know if an application from our organization for 
 membership 1 in the federation would be acceptable. He 
 replied, saying that at that time they did not desire to ex- 
 tend the scope of the federation except to men employed in 
 operating trains. 
 
 Q. On what ground did he take that position ? Does 
 he consider your class of workmen unskilled ? — A. I will give 
 my opinion. I believe that the only reason our organization 
 is excluded from the federation is because it is young and 
 has not done very much to show that our people are capable 1 
 of self-government 1 . 
 
 Q. (By Mr. Kennedy.) What percentage of em- 
 ployes in the maintenance 1 -of -way department of railroads 
 is in your organization? — A. We have about 6000 men 
 enrolled 1 . According to the report of the Interstate 1 Com- 
 merce Commission there are about 180,000 men employed in 
 the maintenance-of-way department. Our organization has 
 been in existence 1 only seven years, and we have not had 
 time to give anything like the majority 1 of our class an 
 opportunity to become members of the organization. 
 
 Q. Is the ability of your members to support the or- 
 ganization very limited? — A. They are not able to pay very 
 much. 
 
 Q. Are you personally in favor of governmental 1 con- 
 trol of railroads? — A. Under our present partisan 1 political 
 system, no. 
 
 Q. You spoke about commissions adjusting matters 
 and bringing about better conditions. Do you mean state 
 
TESTIMONY B 157 
 
 and national commissions? — A. I think the Interstate Com- 
 merce Commission should be given more authority 1 . It 
 should be authorized 1 to determine 1 what the railway com- 
 panies shall charge. I think their authority should be 
 extended so they can require the railroad companies to charge 
 3 cents a mile if it is necessary to accumulate revenue 
 enough to pay its employes living wages and the stockhold- 
 ers 1 reasonable dividends 1 . 
 
 Q. Are you familiar 1 with the railroad pooling bill 
 now pending in Congress? — A. I understand its objects. 
 
 Q. Are the railroad people generally in favor of that 
 bill? — A. I think they are. 
 
 Q. Would such a law be a step in the direction 1 of 
 governmental control of railroads ? — A. I suggested in my 
 paper that a commission with the authority to settle dis- 
 putes between companies and employes and determine rates, 
 should be provided by the government, as the railroad com- 
 panies are semi-public 1 institutions. 
 
 Q. Have you beneficial 1 societies that are promoted by 
 the railroad companies? — A. When a member dies we pay 
 his beneficiary 1 $1000 ; if he is partially 1 disabled, we pay 
 him $500 ; if he is totally disabled, we pay him $1000. We 
 collect $1 a month from each member to meet these demands. 
 
 Q. Do the railroad companies contribute 1 to those 
 benefits?— A. No ; the railroad companies have never ex- 
 tended any favors to our organization, except in a few 
 instances when we managed to get committees before the 
 proper officers of the roads, and pictured 1 our condition in 
 such a way as to arouse their sympathy. In that way we 
 secured an increase of a few dollars a month for each man. 
 
 Q. I see from a recent number of the Trainmen's 
 Journal that they think the part of the arbitration 1 law 
 which forbids 1 the companies compelling employes to go 
 into these beneficial associations 1 , is a failure. They think 
 
158 THE COMPLETE DICTATES 
 
 those societies 1 promoted by the railroads are injurious to 
 their unions. Have you any such difficulty as that in your 
 organization ? — A. Some of our class of men have said that 
 they would like to become members of the associations gotten 
 up by the companies, but with their small wages they could 
 not afford to carry insurance in both societies. To some ex- 
 tent they are injurious, and especially 1 to the beneficiary 
 department of our organization. 
 
 Q. What I gathered from that journal is this : If a 
 man seeks employment on a railroad the company will have 
 no need for him unless an application for membership in its 
 beneficial society accompanies his application, and that a 
 man who is already an employe of the company knows that 
 if he does not become a member of the beneficial society he 
 is not in the line of promotion. I should like to know 
 whether such a state of affairs affects your organization? — 
 A. You mean to ask me whether the insurance societies that 
 are maintained 1 by the employes and managed by the com- 
 pany's officials 1 affect 1 our organization or not. Is that it? 
 
 Q. Yes. — A. To some extent they do 
 
 Q (By Mr. Ratchford. ) Are the men you represent 1 
 covered by life insurance, or sick or accident insurance that 
 is compulsory, and of which the railroad companies are the 
 chief promoters 1 ? — A. Some of them are. 
 
 Q. You know of such cases in existence at the present 
 time? — A. All of the employes on the Plant System are. 
 The Plant System officials require their employes to con- 
 tribute to the company's beneficial department. 
 
 Q. Is it compulsory ? — A. Yes ; compulsory. 
 
 Q. Is the employment contingent upon their agreeing 
 to it ? — A. When a man makes application for employment, 
 if he does not also make application for benefits at the same- 
 time, his application for employment will more than likely 
 not be noticed. In order to get employment, of course they 
 apply for insurance in the company's beneficial society. 
 
PART III 
 Selected Articles 
 
TO THE TEACHER 
 
 The words in the selected articles following have not been 
 counted because of the uniform length of the articles. Each 
 contains about three hundred words, and this number may 
 serve as a basis for speed, although speed should not trouble 
 the teacher or student in this important part of the book. 
 
 The selections have been prepared with the full-page 
 regularity so that they will not be heavy and tiresome, as 
 most articles of this kind are if they are of great length. 
 These pages should be assigned as lessons and drilled upon 
 as the letters have been. 
 
 160 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES 161 
 
 EDUCATING ONESELF 
 
 It is unreasonable 1 to suppose that no one but a college 
 graduate can be educated, in the broader meaning of that 
 much-abused word. If a young man or a young woman is 
 wholly undecided as to his or her future work, a four years 
 college course may help to a decision 1 , but if one is deter- 
 mined 1 to follow a special line of work, he can make a more 
 rapid progress outside a college sometimes 1 than in one. 
 If, for example 1 , he has chosen literature 1 for a profession, 
 he can study under a tutor in the subjects he desires and 
 progress twice as fast as in college. It is possible to enter 
 almost any profession after a course of home study, without 
 a college diploma 1 . I have often heard lawyers 1 assert 1 
 that those members of the bar who studied in offices are 
 invariably 1 the most successful 1 ones in practice. They not 
 only have the theory of law, but also know it in operation. 
 Some educators once made out a list of a hundred 1 great 
 men who lived in England during the half century from 
 1850 to 1900. They were principally men of great genius, 
 like Darwin 1 , Huxley, Tyndall, and Ruskin. They were 
 greatly surprised when it was discovered that only twenty 
 of the hundred had received a college education. The others 
 were self-educated, or had studied under tutors at home. 
 This must have been more than a coincidence 1 , and to my 
 mind it was a remarkable 1 commentary 1 on the success of 
 the modern system of education. It means that the young 
 man who can only study at night is under no handicap 1 in 
 the race for success because he is unable to spend four years 
 in college. It is possible that he stands a better chance 
 than the college graduate. A man can greatly improve him- 
 self by home study of the best books, and through contact 
 with cultured 1 people. There are more ways than one of 
 obtaining an education in this world. — Success, 
 
162 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 STOCK MARKET REPORT 
 
 With easier money conditions at home and abroad, the 
 stock market revived today with general recoveries in most 
 of the shares. The whole market broadened and closed 
 with the list at the highest level. Substantial 1 advances 
 resulted 1 early from the general disposition to buy stocks. 
 The demand was quite varied and affected the list through- 
 out, although there was a marked favor still shown for 
 stocks which long have held the foremost place in market 
 movements. A hesitating short interest, which has been 
 added to during the week, encouraged by the lack of 
 response in the market to favorable developments 1 , was an 
 important element in the day's buying. The pronounced 1 
 relaxation 1 in the money market was the underlying 1 
 ground for the advance. Funds of call were in apparent 
 abundance 1 and the rate did not get over six per cent., with 
 the ruling rate for the day below that. The forces which 
 have brought about this condition promise to continue 1 
 active for sometime 1 to come. The consequence 1 was to 
 allay much of the apprehension 1 which has been felt that 
 no actual ease in the money market could be counted upon 
 for the spring period. The large projects which have been 
 undertaken 1 and for which it is important that the market 
 should show absorptive 1 power, are regarded as assurance 
 of effective 1 leadership 1 in any market campaign 1 . The 
 estimates of the week's currency movement make it evident 
 that a substantial inflow from the interior 1 to New York 
 has set in and is likely to be extended, in view of the rea- 
 sonable subsidence 1 of requirements for movement of the 
 crops. New York appears to have received in the neigh- 
 borhood 1 of $3,000,000 in cash during the week. Side by 
 side with the relapse 1 in the money market, there was a 
 revived demand for remittance 1 abroad through the 
 exchange 1 market. Foreign money markets themselves 
 continued 1 to relax 1 . — Philadelphia 1 Press. 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES 163 
 
 ARE WE DONE WITH THE NOVEL 
 
 The day of the novel is gone, the critics 1 are saying, and 
 some of them add rather ill-naturedly 1 : " And good rid- 
 dance — it was a poor thing at the best, without form, and 
 mentally weakening. Let us have more drama and fewer 
 stories.' ' According to the critics, the novel has already 
 died out a good many times ; for instance, just before Scott 
 began to spin his yarns 1 , and again after Thackeray 1 and 
 Dickens had got through with theirs. But the novel has 
 shown surprising vitality 1 , coming up in some fresh, inter- 
 esting form every time when a new story-teller happened 
 along who had something to say about life that could not be 
 squeezed into a two-hour play or canned into an essay. At 
 present there seems to be no such story-teller on the horizon, 
 and the stage is having its turn. Something in the condi- 
 tions of modern life — its intense 1 activity and dramatic 1 
 pleasure — would seem to prepare the way for a period of 
 dramatic revival 1 . Let us pray that it will come, giving us 
 some strong, passionate 1 plays of real men and women. 
 Meantime, the novel is secure as a literary 1 form as long as 
 the world continues 1 to be and people are as they have been 
 from the time of Job. As a literary form, it has shown 
 remarkable 1 vitality and power of adaptation 1 to new 
 social 1 conditions. We do not care for most" of the novels 
 of our grandmothers 1 , but the best of them live on. 
 Probably 1 our children will not read Lady Rose's Daughter, 
 or even The House of Mirth, but they may take down 
 Treasure Island or Tess or Kim from the upper shelves 1 . 
 And they will have wonderful stories of their own. For 
 the novel covers life as a whole as no other form of litera- 
 ture 1 ever has covered it. It shows us people, not in a 
 flashlight 1 , but leisurely, thoroughly, with some of the 
 completeness that life itself has. So long as man appeals to 
 man, so long as man is interested in his own fate, we shall 
 have novels. — Saturday Evening Post 
 
164 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 RICE CULTURE 1 
 
 Rice production 1 in the United States is limited to the 
 South Atlantic 1 and Gulf states, where, in some sections, it 
 is the principal cereal 1 product. For nearly one hundred 
 and ninety years after the introduction 1 of rice into the 
 United States, South Carolina 1 and Georgia produced the 
 principal portion, while North Carolina 1 , Florida, Alabama, 
 Mississippi 1 , and Louisiana 1 grew only a limited amount. 
 Within the last ten years Louisiana and Texas have increased 
 the area devoted to rice to such an extent that they now fur- 
 nish nearly three-fourths of all the product of the country. 
 The great development 1 of the rice industry 1 in Louisiana 
 since 1884 has resulted from the opening up of prairie 1 
 region in the southwestern 1 part of the state, and the devel- 
 opment of a system of irrigation 1 and culture which made 
 possible the use of harvesting machinery 1 similar to that 
 used in the wheat fields of the northwest 1 , thereby greatly 
 lessening 1 the cost of production. In 1896, however, a new 
 difficulty began to be felt. The varieties of rice which 
 yielded 1 best and were otherwise more satisfactory 1 , proved 
 inferior 1 commercially 1 because the percentage 1 of grains 
 broken in the process of milling was very large, and the 
 proportion of " head rice," made up of the unbroken grains, 
 was low. As the Japanese 1 rices possess superior 1 milling 
 qualities 1 , yielding a high percentage of head rice, it was 
 desirable that they should be experimented 1 with in this 
 country. With this idea in view, the Department of Agri- 
 culture 1 , in the spring of 1899, imported from Japan about 
 ten tons of rice, which was distributed to experimenters 1 
 in southwestern Louisiana and elsewhere 1 in the rice belt. 
 The outlook for the further extension of the industry is very 
 promising. According to the best estimates, there are about 
 10,000,000 acres of land in the five states bordering the Gulf 
 of Mexico which are well suited to rice cultivation 1 . 
 
 Current Literature 1 , 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES 165 
 
 BOND SALESMEN 
 
 It is a fact not generally known that Wall Street banking 
 houses employ salesmen who travel over the country selling 
 bonds very much as drummers sell tea and coffee. Some of 
 the largest banking houses employ from twenty to thirty 
 salesmen, and altogether more than three hundred are 
 employed in Wall Street. Another three hundred are 
 employed by Boston, Philadelphia 1 , Baltimore 1 , Pitts- 
 burg 1 , Chicago, and St. Louis 1 bond houses. These six 
 hundred salesmen sell from $300,000,000 to $500,000,000 of 
 bonds every year. Jay Cook was the pioneer 1 in the 
 employment of salesmen to dispose of huge security issues 
 to private investors. This is considered by many finan- 
 ciers 1 his most notable achievement. In 1863 the Civil war 
 was at its height and the credit of the United States govern- 
 ment was at its lowest ebb. Among European 1 bankers the 
 opinion was very generally held that the Southern 1 con- 
 federacy 1 would gain its independence 1 , and few of them 
 were willing to subscribe 1 to any new bond issues. Wall 
 Street bankers had grown timid and openly expressed the 
 opinion that financial 1 conditions were too disturbed 1 and 
 the market too uncertain to admit of the successful 1 flota- 
 tion 1 of a large government loan. If the war was to be con- 
 tinued 1 , however, it was imperative 1 that a new loan should 
 be floated at once. In its dilemma 1 the United States gov- 
 ernment appealed to Jay Cooke. He expressed the belief 
 that the people of the country were rich, and that if they 
 were appealed to directly 1 the $500,000,000 of bonds could 
 easily be disposed of, and he agreed to undertake 1 the task. 
 The manner in w 7 hich the loan was successfully floated, and 
 how the proceeds 1 of the loan carried the war to a successful 
 conclusion 1 , is now a part of history 1 . Jay Cooke's flota- 
 tion of the various 1 government loans was a veritable 1 
 revelation to Wall Street. — Saturday Evening Post. 
 
166 THE COMPLETE DICTA TER 
 
 MAKING CITIES ATTRACTIVE 
 
 The wealthy citizen who is reported to have deeded for 
 public 1 uses a handsome 1 estate on the outskirts 1 of Spring- 
 field, Mass. , in order to assist that municipality 1 to estab- 
 lish 1 a signally fine boulevard 1 and park system, seems to 
 have shown a shrewd 1 realization 1 of one of the pressing 
 needs of American cities. Gifts or bequests to libraries 1 , 
 colleges, or museums are useful, when they are intelli- 
 gently 1 devised. But it is well that there should be a grow- 
 ing understanding of the vitally important fact that money 
 skilfully 1 laid out in making provision for civic beautifi- 
 cation 1 — especially 1 when it takes the form of parkways, 
 boulevards, and artistic 1 and roomy open-air spaces — is 
 likely to prove an increasingly valuable investment in the 
 near future. However sociologists 1 may deplore it, there is no 
 doubt of the existence of the u drift to the cities '' which tends 
 more and more to concentrate 1 population within their bor- 
 ders. Since this is the case, the obvious 1 course for those 
 who have the welfare of their fellow- citizens at heart is to 
 do what they can in making cities more healthful and help- 
 ful places of abode. There is not a city in this broad land 
 but needs development 1 in these directions 1 . There are 
 always plenty of excellent people who are disposed to think 
 with all sincerity 1 that disbursements 1 for any purpose 
 which does not immediately and directly 1 serve material 
 utility 1 are wasteful. Fortunately 1 a broader and juster 
 view is becoming influential 1 in many parts of the United 
 States. The idea that an American city can be and should 
 be made something very much more than a mere aggrega- 
 tion 1 of stores, factories, and dwelling houses, a wilderness 1 
 of stone and steel, of brick, concrete, and marble, with 
 narrow echoing streets penetrating 1 it at right angles, is 
 showing signs of strength which promise well for the 
 future. — Philadelphia 1 Evening Bulletin. 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES 167 
 
 THE WORLD'S PAPER CONSUMPTION 1 
 
 A French scientific 1 journal recently discussed the con- 
 sumption of paper by the principal nations of the world as 
 reflecting 1 modern progress of civilization 1 , because of its 
 extensive use for printing purposes 1 . It placed the United 
 States in the first rank as the greatest paper producing coun- 
 try in the world, with an annual output of 630,734 tons 
 (avoirdupois 1 ). Germany follows with an annual pro- 
 duction 1 of 393,683 tons, England 246,051, France 196,942, 
 Austria 1 147,706, and Italy 123,026. One American cor- 
 poration 1 is declared to be the greatest paper manufactur- 
 ing 1 enterprise in the world, possessing thirty-one factories 
 with ninety-six continuously 1 running machines, the com- 
 pany using almost as many machines as are operated in 
 Italy and the Netherlands 1 together, and its annual produc- 
 tion exceeding that of all the paper factories in Austria- 
 Hungary 1 and almost equalling that of all the British 1 
 ones. Its capital amounts to more than $110,000,000. 
 While America leads in production, Germany has become 
 the largest exporter 1 of this article, with 51,000 tons 
 annually 1 , England following with 49,210, the United 
 States 16,880, and France 13,090. The United States paper 
 exports go principally to South America, but also to Canada 
 and Australia 1 . Notwithstanding 1 its large production, 
 England remains a good buyer, having imported 147,706 
 tons last year. Regarding the direct 1 consumption of 
 paper, it is an interesting fact that the United States leads 
 with an annual figure of 38.6 pounds per capita, England 
 coming next with 34.3, Germany 29.98, France 20.5, Aus- 
 tria 19, Italy 15.4, Servia showing the lowest European 1 
 figure, 1.1 ; India shows only 0.22 and China 1.1 per capita. 
 Nearly half of the paper manufactured 1 in the world is used 
 for printing purposes. Twenty per cent, is absorbed in the 
 trades and industries. — Scientific 1 American. 
 
168 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 A PRESENT DUTY 
 
 It is a mistake 1 to postpone 1 the pleasures and recrea- 
 tions 1 of life until one has done his hard .work, a mistake 
 which a great many frugal 1 and otherwise 1 sensible 1 people 
 make. There are hosts of men and women working with 
 might and main for the purpose 1 of enjoying life when they 
 have laid a solid foundation 1 of fortune 1 under their feet. 
 They are acting upon the belief that it is possible to get the 
 hard work of life done, to press it into a few years, and to 
 begin to live. This is a misleading belief. In the first 
 place, the work of life is never done, and ought never to be 
 done ; and, in the second place, he who postpones indefi- 
 nitely 1 the hour when he will begin to enjoy life, postpones 
 entirely the possibility 1 of enjoying it. No man can work 
 with might and main for twenty years, committing all his 
 strength to his task and permitting himself to be entirely 
 absorbed 1 by it, without suffering atrophy 1 or deadening 1 
 the faculties 1 of enjoyment. At the end of twenty years he 
 will find nothing left of life for him, so far as occupation is 
 concerned, except the thing he has been doing. He will 
 have so fashioned himself that he has become only a hand or 
 tool to do a specific thing ; he will have lost the capacity x of 
 turning from one occupation to another, or taking up with 
 one interest after another, of giving himself freely on many 
 sides. He makes the best living who keeps himself fresh by 
 keeping his interests varied ; and he only can make a life 
 who lives in every part of his nature. Enjoyment is as 
 much a necessity as work ; to find pleasure in life is as much 
 a duty as to find profit ; and the only man who lives a 
 wholesome, moral, successful 1 life is he who combines pleas- 
 ure and work, toil and recreation, from day to day, from the 
 beginning to the end. Pleasure is a duty which cannot be 
 postponed. — Outlook. 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES 169 
 
 LEISURE HOURS 
 
 There are some men and women whose work is so en- 
 grossing that they have no leisure, but those people are 
 relatively 1 few in number, and are, as a rule, at the head 
 of great enterprises. Practically 1 all young men and 
 women have some hours from work which need not be de- 
 voted to exercise and sleep, two things which ought never 
 to be overlooked or neglected 1 . These unoccupied hours 
 are of priceless worth if they are wisely used. They de- 
 termine 1 the value of the working hours because they edu- 
 cate a man to use and enjoy what the working hours bring 
 him, for a man's ability to enjoy success depends on his 
 intelligence 1 , his tasks, and the variety of his interests. 
 Many of the most successful 1 business men have so many 
 interests, outside of their business, that they can always 
 give themselves the rest of a change of occupation, and can 
 get pleasure and profit out of any form of leisure. They 
 understand that in order to use wealth with j udgment, and 
 get satisfaction and happiness out of it, a man must grow 
 rich in mind as fast as in pocket. One of the most sub- 
 stantially 1 successful men of the time recently said that in 
 his boyhood 1 he revolted 1 against poverty, not because it 
 denied him the luxuries 1 of life, but because it curtailed 1 
 his freedom, and he resolved 1 that he would gain freedom 
 at all costs. Having an unusually clear mind, this boy 
 decided to get an education first, and become rich after- 
 wards ; he went through college and then made a fortune 1 . 
 His extraordinary influence and usefulness 1 are largely due 
 to the fact that he has kept his inward growth in line with 
 his outward advancement 1 , and has understood how to 
 make the most of every dollar. This is what every boy 
 and girl can do who has persistence 1 enough to use well the 
 leisure hours of life. — Hamilton W. Mabie, in Success. 
 
170 THE COMPLETE DICTATES 
 
 THE HONORED LEADING CITIZEN 
 
 A leading citizen of Peoria 1 , Illinois 1 , was indicted 1 a 
 while back on one hundred and forty counts for wholesale 
 embezzlements 1 extending over many years, and the famous 
 distillery 1 town was shaken to its financial 1 , educational 1 , 
 social 1 , and moral foundations 1 . The story is that for a 
 decade this leading citizen stuffed the school pay-rolls, 
 forged warrants 1 , falsified 1 accounts in a maze of pecula- 
 tion 1 so gross that an hour's genuine auditing of his accounts 
 at any time would inevitably 1 have disclosed it. This is 
 not Wall Street, understand ; the men involved 1 , besides 
 the leading citizen above mentioned, are not frenzied 1 
 financiers 1 , but good, plain, well-meaning country charac- 
 ters 1 . Yet here we have the dummy director 1 in his per- 
 fect 1 flower, except that instead of a half-dozen dummy 
 directors this case discloses a whole dummy colony. 
 Everybody trusted and honored that leading citizen. When 
 his cash-book was audited he did the auditing and the 
 committee blandly voted aye 1 . Why toilsomely 1 check over 
 a lot of figures when the good gentleman would do it for 
 you? Why should the treasurer 1 , auditor 1 , finance com- 
 mittee, board of education, and so on squander 1 their valu- 
 able time looking into the accounts when the eminent 1 
 educator 1 and financier stood ready to relieve them of all 
 trouble, and assured them everything was right? W T ho 
 would think of taking any step which might seem to re- 
 flect 1 a little upon the integrity 1 of so distinguished 1 a man? 
 They had the honor ; the leading citizen did the work — an 
 arrangement 1 highly agreeable to both sides. The dummy 
 director is not at all a product peculiar 1 to high finance. 
 He is omnipresent 1 and indestructible 1 . Positions of honor 
 are pleasing, to be sure. But we Americans like to "run 
 our own business." It is a bit difficult for us to discover 
 an inclination 1 to give time to other affairs. 
 
 Saturday Evening Post. 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES 171 
 
 WEATHER WARNINGS 
 
 Many persons speak slightingly 1 of the weather predic- 
 tions 1 because they are sometimes 1 falsified 1 by the weather 
 which follows them. The predictions are, nevertheless 1 , 
 usually correct 1 . But, in any event, the daily bulletins 
 announcing probable 1 rain or snow are of far less impor- 
 tance than some of the other services of the Weather Bureau, 
 and represent 1 its most imperfect 1 work. It is more diffi- 
 cult to discern accurately 1 the coming of a moderate rain, 
 which little affects 1 the public 1 welfare, than to give 
 effective 1 warning of a destructive 1 storm or the sweep of a 
 cold wave. It is in notifying various interests of the great 
 changes 1 that the Weather Bureau performs 1 its best work. 
 In the cranberry marshes of Wisconsin 1 the flood gates are 
 usually regulated 1 by the frost signals, and great saving 
 results 1 . On account of the peculiar 1 topography 1 of Cali- 
 fornia 1 , it is possible to give warnings of rain with great 
 accuracy 1 , enough in advance to enable the owners of vine- 
 yards 1 to gather and stack their trays, and to save from ruin 
 the drying raisins. On the South Atlantic 1 and Gulf 1 
 coast, predictions of frost seem more accurate 1 than else- 
 where 1 , and have proved of great value to the cane-growers 
 of Louisiana 1 , the truck-farmers about Norfolk, and the 
 orange-growers in Florida. To the shipping in all our 
 ports, both ocean and lake, the storm warnings are recog- 
 nized as of great importance. The next great step in 
 weather forecasting should be the discovery of some method 
 by which a longer outlook into the future may be obtained. 
 Scientific 1 observers 1 do not now profess to be able to tell 
 anything about the weather more than three days ahead. 
 Efforts to establish 1 from the records a ' ' weather curve ' ' as 
 a basis for more accurate predictions 1 , have thus far proved 
 unavailing. Perhaps 1 nature, like a prudent housekeeper, 
 has determined 1 to keep some secrets inviolable 1 . 
 
 Youth's Companion 1 . 
 
172 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 BRITISH 1 VS. AMERICAN ARTISANS 1 
 
 Past records point conclusively 1 to the fact that American 
 merchandise 1 of every kind finds its way to the uttermost 
 parts of the earth. The American manufacturer 1 firmly 
 believes in forcing sales, which he considers is essential 1 for 
 the securing and retaining of his customers. The American 
 is honestly a man of propulsion 1 in all he lays his hands to. 
 As with the individual 1 , so with the nation. The same 
 characteristic 1 feature is observable 1 throughout the whole 
 country. By this constant and heated energy the nation 
 desires to secure and extend its commercial 1 dealings with 
 other nations. This ambition is not written in so many 
 sentences 1 by the individual, but is, nevertheless 1 , im- 
 printed upon the nature of the average American, that by 
 the united action of the people the whole atmosphere 1 be- 
 comes impregnated 1 with the glorious 1 ambition to be first 
 in the commercial race. Being, in a sense, a young coun- 
 try, and blessed with great natural resources 1 , the American 
 citizen has chances denied to the work-a-day 1 artisan on 
 this side of the Atlantic 1 . Endowed by nature with push 
 and energy, a man in America may secure a competency 1 
 easier than he could possibly obtain it in Britain. But 
 while this is so, such cities as New York, Boston, Pitts- 
 burgh 1 , and many others have hundreds 1 of thousands of 
 human beings who do not know where their next meal is to 
 come from. Indeed, the rich are rich, but the poor are 
 poor. The economic 1 conditions pertaining 1 to those who 
 live under the Stars and Stripes may not prove oppressive 1 
 to the rich. To the poor it is otherwise. When it is kept 
 in view that house rent, clothing, provisions, and all 
 domestic 1 items are relatively 1 higher than in Britain, it 
 becomes a serious problem if the higher rate of wages paid 
 in America actually safeguards 1 the poorer artisan's family. 
 
 Magazine 1 of Commerce, 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES 173 
 
 WHEN SHALL WE FLY 
 
 Several flying-machines have been constructed which, so 
 far as their power to fly is concerned, leave little or nothing 
 to be desired. The crux of the matter is not only for the 
 flying- machine to be able to raise itself, bat to keep its 
 balance in the air and enable the aeronaut 1 to descend in 
 safety. The fundamental 1 proposition on which the con- 
 struction 1 of flying-machines must be based is known as 
 Langley's 1 law, from the name of its discoverer 1 . The law 
 is somewhat paradoxical 1 , for it maintains 1 that the faster 
 you move through the air the less energy is needed to keep 
 you going. Hence, there is no bar to the construction of a 
 flying-machine which will rival our express trains in speed 
 and will carry a larger number of passengers 1 . The flying- 
 machine of the future will be more like the steamship than 
 like the biid, and will keep itself afloat, as well as travel, 
 by means of its motor power. The great difficulty is the 
 question 1 of balance. It is analogous 1 to the difficulty 
 which would be found in riding a bicycle over a surface 
 which was constantly 1 in motion, like the waves of the sea. 
 Even when the wind seems steadiest 1 , it is always variable 
 and irregular 1 in its movements, beyond anything which 
 can be anticipated 1 . Even the smallest portion of air cur- 
 rent has no homogeneous 1 parts. It consists of an exceed- 
 ingly 1 complex tangle of tiny and diverse 1 currents. The 
 stronger the wind is, the greater are its fluctuations 1 . 
 Birds know how to utilize 1 these fluctuations, and a turkey 
 buzzard 1 will hover motionless 1 in the teeth of a gale blowing 
 thirty-five miles an hour. Birds and insects, both of which 
 are heavier than the air which they displace, keep them- 
 selves up either by soaring or flapping. For thousands of 
 years they have completely mastered the art which man 
 hopes one day to apply to the construction of the flying- 
 machine. — "Review of Reviews, 
 
174 THE COMPLETE DICTATER, 
 
 INEFFICIENCY 1 OF NIGHT WORK 
 
 In many lines of skilled work employers now hesitate 1 
 to run their factories overtime or with night shifts, because 
 experience has taught them that night work is sure to be 
 inferior 1 . Formerly 1 , during times of great demand, most 
 works ran with night gangs, on the theory that production 1 
 could be increased correspondingly 1 . While it was well 
 recognized that practice did not work out according to 
 theory, there was little realization 1 of the actual difference 
 between shop production during a night hour and the out- 
 put of a day hour. The cost system put the matter beyond 
 the possibility 1 of doubt, demonstrating 1 that the difference 
 in production is really very large. Of course, automatic 1 
 machinery 1 will produce as much by night as by day, and 
 the coarser 1 products, where brute strength or elementary 1 
 skill is the chief element in the make-up of the workman, 
 may be advantageously 1 manufactured 1 at night, though 
 the production is seldom that of a day force ; but when it 
 comes to labor in which the skill of the operator 1 is the 
 chief factor 1 of production, or at least a very important 
 factor, then the showing of night labor is much less satis- 
 factory. The same thing is true of overtime work. Men 
 cannot and will not do the same work at night as they do 
 in the daytime. They have not the same energy ; they 
 are not living the natural existence 1 , for, by reversing the 
 periods of waking hours and sleep when they are not 
 accustomed to it, the normal poise 1 is upset. Men work- 
 ing nights are very apt to take insufficient 1 sleep, with 
 drowsiness 1 and lethargy 1 as the natural result. Overtime 
 workers wear out after a short time, and must be permitted 
 to recuperate 1 . But even if a high-class workman takes the 
 best care of himself while working at night and works as 
 well as he can during his night hours, he cannot accom- 
 plish 1 as much and as good work on the average as in the 
 daytime. — Literary 1 Digest. 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES 175 
 
 COURTESY 1 IN BUSINESS 
 
 Some of those who take note of human tendencies 1 have 
 charged 1 the men of the present generation with a lack of 
 the urbanity 1 which characterized 1 their forefathers 1 . 
 Every change in human customs or conduct so affects 1 the 
 progress, as well as the happiness, of the race as to deserve 
 the careful attention of students 1 of sociology 1 ; but if the 
 trend of the time is really away from the old standards 1 of 
 courtesy, the matter is of practical 1 interest to everybody, 
 and to no one more than to the tradesman, whose business 
 brings him into constant contact with the public 1 . This is 
 a mercantile 1 age. The boys of the farm are flocking to the 
 stores of the city. The channels of business are in danger 
 of congestion 1 , while the fields suffer for lack of laborers. 
 To buy and sell to such advantage as to acquire wealth is 
 the ambition of a large portion of our young men. Most of 
 the old methods of trade are considered too slow, specula- 
 tion 1 is in high favor, and only the " hustler m is up to date. 
 Is it possible that in the feverish 1 haste for wealth and with 
 something like contempt for the leisurely and careful ways 
 of his father, the young man has come to have too low an 
 estimate of the value of courtesy as a business qualifica- 
 tion 1 ? If he has and he be a salesman, his employer 
 should look to it at once, for no amount of technical 
 knowledge 1 of the business can compensate 1 for a lack of 
 those personal qualities 1 that are pleasing to the buyer. 
 The shrewd 1 Franklin 1 when he enunciated 1 the proverb 1 
 " Honesty is the best policy," may not have conformed 1 to 
 a high ethical standard, but if honesty be followed as a 
 policy, it will become a habit, and in the meantime ethics 
 will not suffer. So one may assume the virtue of politeness 
 until it becomes habitual, and he will find the result a 
 source of positive gain to his happiness and to his pocket, 
 and at the sametime a gratification 1 to those about him. 
 
 Shorthand 1 Bulletin. 
 
176 THE COMPLETE DICTA TER 
 
 THE DANGERS OF NOVEL READING 
 
 Although fiction is a great part of literature 1 , it is not 
 all ; and it is scarcely 1 necessary to say that to read fiction 
 only, even if it be the best fiction, is to cultivate 1 the mind 
 unsymmetrically 1 . What shall be said, then, of the exclu- 
 sive 1 reading of poor fiction ? The circulation 1 of popular 1 
 novels has advanced by leaps and bounds of late years. 
 Sensational 1 methods of advertising have had some share in 
 this, no doubt ; but along with the large sales of novels has 
 come the falling-off in the sales of other books. Any 
 bookseller 1 will admit that people buy fewer books of solid 
 merit than they bought twenty years ago. Certain classics, 
 of course, have a steady sale, though it is possible that even 
 in their case it is diminishing 1 . Shakespeare 1 and the 
 English 1 poets are in demand for gifts, as well as for per- 
 sonal use ; Dickens, Thackeray 1 , Miss Austin, and other 
 novelists 1 of assured fame are constantly 1 being put forth 
 in new editions. So far, there is ground for congratula- 
 tion 1 . But in the case of current books of merit, in history 1 
 or criticism 1 or science, for example 1 , the sale is often 
 surprisingly 1 small, especially 1 considering the assertions 1 
 constantly made as to the increasing avidity 1 of the public 1 
 for instruction 1 . People are simply wasting their time and 
 money in keeping up with the books which the il literary ni 
 paper asserts 1 " must " be read. It is a singular 1 circum- 
 stance 1 , too, that most of the novels so highly praised, so 
 eagerly bought, and so soon forgotten 1 , are in no sense 
 worth reading. Not only do they offend against the ele- 
 mentary 1 canons of art ; they also show the most distressing 
 ignorance 1 of life. The matter is fast reaching a pitch at 
 which the only possible advice to give will be the somewhat 
 unjust direction 1 to let all " best-selling novels " alone 
 until they have proved a claim to something else than 
 commercial 1 qualities 1 . — Providence 1 Journal. 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES 177 
 
 MONEY MARKET REPORT 
 
 Call money gave the stock market something of a surprise 
 yesterday by advancing to 6 per cent. , after having ruled at 
 3 and 2| during the last few weeks. As has been repeatedly 1 
 indicated 1 , recent quotations seemed too low to last, the 
 only explanation 1 being that brokers were borrowing only 
 very small amounts. Commission 1 business, however, is 
 improving slowly and prices have moved up this week for 
 the first time in more than a month. The opening rate was 
 3, which also was the ruling rate. The low was 2| and the 
 last 5 per cent. The stock market was not radically 1 affected, 
 as the impending 1 receipts of gold from abroad are calcu- 
 lated 1 to bring relief 1 early next week. Time money also 
 occasioned more interest than usual. A moderate amount 
 was obtained on all industrial 1 collateral 1 for six months at 
 5 J per cent., which indicates 1 a confidence 1 in this class of 
 security that has not been conspicuous 1 recently. For 30-day 
 funds 4 per cent, was accepted in one or two cases, while 
 60-day money was obtainable 1 at 4J to 5 per cent., 90-day 
 money at 5 to 5 J per cent., and 6 months at b\ to 5} per 
 cent. A few transactions 1 for twelve months were recorded 
 at 5J to 5f per cent, on approved 1 collateral. Commercial 1 
 paper underwent 1 no change, either in the volume of busi- 
 ness or in quotations. The prospect 1 of additional 1 note 
 issues is tending to delay the investment 1 of money in paper, 
 as the notes are considered by many more attractive 1 . For 
 good names the quotation is still 5| to 6 per cent. The very 
 best names were taken at 6 per cent, as a rule, though 6? 
 was occasionally demanded by buyers. Offerers of indiffer- 
 ent standing find it impossible to secure takers. The assist- 
 ant 1 treasurer 1 of the United States was debtor at the Clear- 
 ing House in the sum of $136,053. The New York Clearing 
 House reported exchanges 1 amounting to $300,499,570, bal- 
 ances, $10,057,366. — New York Journal of Commerce. 
 
178 THE COMPLETE DICTATED 
 
 ATHLETICS 
 
 Athletic 1 games tend to develop 1 some of the most admir- 
 able 1 qualities 1 of heart and mind which can be found in 
 the human being. In the life of every day, in the struggle 1 
 for place and power, in the effort to uplift our fellowmen by 
 teaching or writing or by example 1 — in all these activities 1 
 there are certain qualities which are essential 1 to success and 
 power. The man who would be or do anything significant 1 
 in the world must have physical 1 power, endurance 1 , and 
 control; he must possess courage and concentration 1 , aggres- 
 siveness 1 ; he must have clear conceptions, quick 1 judgment, 
 and decisiveness 1 ; he must, last of all, have the power of 
 sacrificing 1 himself for the good of his fellows. I have no 
 hesitation 1 in claiming that all these characteristics 1 of body 
 and mind are developed by the proper 1 practice of athletic 
 games. Other games are close seconds, but better than all 
 these stands football as a means of developing aggressiveness, 
 courage, will. Other athletic games have something of the 
 same effect 1 in training character 1 . The man who catches 
 off the bat, knowing that a misjudgment 1 of an inch or two 
 may mean disfigurement 1 for life ; the man who pushes his 
 horse at the five-bar gate, realizing that a fall will probably 1 
 mean injury or destruction 1 ; the man who in boxing risks 
 the blow that is going to mean defeat 1 and dangerous 1 
 injury; the man who drives his automobile 1 at the rate of 
 two miles a minute, knowing that a slight failure of his 
 self-control 1 or a slight inequality 1 in the road will mean to 
 him death and defeat — all these are developing that faculty 
 which means power ; all these are developing in themselves 
 courage and will-power. And courage, backed by will, is 
 the prime secret of conquest 1 in this constant struggle which 
 we call life. Despite certain evils to be found in all sports, 
 the general value of athletics is so great as to deserve the. 
 attention of all men, — W. B. C Watson, in Outing, 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES 179 
 
 THE SUMMER VACATION 
 
 What to do with our grown-up boys during the summer, 
 is in many homes a difficult question 1 . The same problem 
 may arise in the case of girls, but it is generally easier of 
 solution by reason of their more quiet and domestic 1 dispo- 
 sition 1 and manner of life. In either case, where the ques- 
 tion arises, it is well to bear in mind a few simple facts. 
 First, every live, active, healthy young person needs to have 
 something to do, or the best conditions of bodily, mental, 
 and moral health cannot be maintained 1 . There is a lot of 
 truth in the proverb 1 that "Satan finds mischief 1 for idle 
 hands to do. " We might just as well face this fact with and 
 for our boys as to drift on into the daugers of protracted 1 
 idleness, which may mean irrevocable 1 and irreparable 1 in- 
 jury to them and others. Secondly 1 , some healthy and 
 regular 1 employment can probably 1 be found if earnest 1 fore- 
 thought 1 is exercised in regard to the matter. The world 
 needs just such fresh young energy as your boy possesses. 
 It may not throw a "job" at his feet unasked. A wise 
 Providence 1 takes care for the exercise of our own choices 
 and activities 1 by which we are to get on in life. But if a 
 boy is willing, not too nice and finical 1 , and possesses a mod- 
 erate amount of earnestness 1 and push, he can usually find 
 some honest and reputable 1 employment that will bring him 
 to the end of the vacation healthier 1 , it may be richer, and 
 it certainly will be happier far than if he just loafed away 
 the summer months. And his parents should help him now 
 to see and realize this. Lastly 1 , his next year's school work 
 will not be hindered 1 ; it will be helped by such a use of the 
 vacation. He will take up his studies in the autumn with 
 a new zest. The truth is idleness is one of the worst 1 snares 
 in the pathway of youth. It is well to take forethought of 
 the special dangers of unemployed vacation energies and to 
 provide for their profitable 1 employment. — Education. 
 
180 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 THINGS THAT ARE WORTH WHILE 
 
 Of all the dangers to which a reasonably good man is sub- 
 ject, I honestly believe that the greatest is the danger of 
 losing the sense of moral proportion ; of overvaluing 1 
 achievement 1 as compared 1 with purpose 1 ; of overestima- 
 ting 1 the small amount of visible 1 work which each of us has 
 done or failed to do, compared with the vast amount of invis- 
 ible work that still remains to be done. There is no success 
 so great as to be worth much if it leads a man to stop work- 
 ing, and no failure so great as to be irreparable 1 unless it- 
 leads a man to stop trying. During the early days of the 
 Civil war there were on the Northern 1 side a number of 
 generals whose interest in the struggle 1 was chiefly pro- 
 fessional 1 . They had been trained to lead their country's 
 armies, and they intended 1 to lead them with skill and 
 fidelity 1 ; but in the vital issues over which North and South 
 were fighting, they had no special concern. Officers of this 
 type wished to do their duty creditably 1 ; but their eyes 
 were on the report upon which they would receive pro- 
 motion, rather than on the deep issues of the struggle. 
 One after another these men dropped out and gave place to 
 others whose military 1 skill was sometimes less, but who 
 were in the field to fight, not merely to get the credit of 
 fighting. Grant and Sherman, Sheridan and Thomas and 
 Hancock, differing in all other ways, had this in common — 
 that they were not trying to win individual 1 battles, but to 
 advance a cause which they had at heart. This was why 
 Grant succeeded where more brilliant 1 men failed. It was 
 because the brilliant men were trying to do tangible 1 things 
 that should stand to their credit, while the slow and modest 
 man set his hand to the general work and his face toward the 
 general result, and was content to let the question 1 of pro- 
 fessional credit take care of itself. — Arthur Twining Hadley. 
 
SELECTED AKTICLES 181 
 
 PROFIT IN CITY WASTE 
 
 The utilizing 1 of waste has been reduced to a science. 
 Improvements still may be made in methods, but for all 
 practical 1 purposes 1 the problem of getting the maximum of 
 profit out of refuse has been solved. The old practice of 
 paying contractors 1 large sums of money annually 1 to cart 
 away and dump the city's refuse is giving place to the 
 modern method of sorting, incinerating 1 , rendering, redu- 
 cing, and finally using even the residue from these processes 
 for fertilizing 1 land. The city that follows this modern 
 method places a comfortable 1 sum to its credit at the end of 
 each year. Here are a few items that, properly 1 handled 1 , 
 mean profit : From a city of 300,000 inhabitants 1 a utilizing 
 plant will yield 1 about 15,000 pounds of common paper 
 daily ; there will be large quantities 1 of old carpets and 
 sacks and a good percentage 1 of woolen rags ; thousands of 
 pounds of tin cans will yield marketable 1 quantities of 
 solder and pure tin, melted from the sheet iron. Boston's 
 utilizing plant has been in successful 1 operation for nearly 
 ten years. There every kind of waste is sorted. Old shoes 
 are sold to be used again in the making of imitation leather ; 
 stuff absolutely 1 valueless 1 goes into the furnace 1 , and 
 profit is derived even from this material, as it furnishes 1 a 
 tremendous force of excess power which is applied in operat- 
 ing dynamos and in lighting hundreds 1 of incandescent 1 
 lamps. The disposal of waste materials is a proper munic- 
 ipal undertaking 1 . The city that still sticks to the old 
 method of throwing everything away is miles behind the 
 times. It has been estimated that there is enough value in 
 the city's waste to pay for all the expense of keeping the 
 city clean and of conserving 1 its health. Cities are rapidly 
 coming to recognize this fact, and instead of expending 
 enormous 1 sums for the disposal of so-called waste products, 
 are beginning to realize profit therefrom. — Chicago Post 
 
182 THE COMPLETE DlCTATER 
 
 THE JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL 1 POLICY 
 
 The Japanese 1 are the only people in the world who 
 study the institutions and methods of every Western 1 
 nation without prejudice 1 , and can take this from one 
 nation and that from another — can take their army organ- 
 ization 1 from one source, their naval organization from one, 
 their legislative 1 method from another, and so on. They 
 are in the first stages of their modern development 1 . They 
 have no prejudices against any particular Western method 
 or institution. They have no great vested interests in any 
 of these things. They have at various steps encountered 1 a 
 national and natural prejudice against all innovations 1 , but 
 an innovation of one kind is as easy to make as of another 
 kind. Thus they are free to choose so as to profit most by 
 Western experience. It is, therefore, interesting to observe 
 how these astute builders of modern empire took the tobacco 
 monopoly under government ownership 1 , and how now, as 
 apart of the same policy, they are to nationalize 1 the rail- 
 roads. So far as the magnitude 1 of the task goes, it is an 
 easy one, for the railroad mileage in the empire is only 
 about 5000 miles — no greater than any one of our great 
 11 systems." The government has long had a policy of 
 subsidizing 1 shipping. Indeed, it is by this method that 
 its commerce has been built up. The country has four 
 times the tonnage that it had ten years ago, in spite of the 
 loss of vessels during the war ; it has twenty shipping com- 
 panies trading with foreign countries, and there are more 
 than two hundred 1 private shipyards 1 in the empire. This 
 policy of subsidies 1 and government ownership is to a 
 degree made both easier and more necessary because of the 
 strong power of the central government and the lack of 
 private capital. Nevertheless 1 , it is interesting to observe 
 how the Japanese choose practices from various Western 
 governments, profiting by all as no Western country can. 
 
 World's Work. 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES 183 
 
 THE SELFISHNESS 1 OF CHILD LABOR 
 
 The child-labor question 1 presents such serious aspects 
 that it is a pity it cannot be considered on its merits and 
 without complication with selfish interests. In this, as in 
 many other matters, there is a tendency 1 on both sides to 
 run to extremes. The opponents 1 of child labor assume 
 that it is an unmitigated 1 evil and should be abolished 1 
 altogether, while those who favor it maintain that it is an 
 inevitable 1 feature of modern industrialism 1 and necessary 
 to the maintenance 1 of our commercial 1 supremacy 1 . Both 
 views are wrong. Child labor is not an unmitigated evil. 
 It is not so bad as child idleness or child vagrancy 1 . If 
 children are to be excluded from gainful 1 employments in 
 which at least the habit of industry x may be acquired, the 
 state should provide means of compulsory 1 education, or at 
 least of preventing 1 children from becoming educated in 
 vagrancy and crime. No doubt child labor in factories 
 has serious evils, but nothing could be worse than a 
 wholesale system of child vagrancy. But it is not true 
 that the employment of children in factories is a necessary 
 feature of modern industrialism. All modern industries 
 could be carried on without them. It is simply an out- 
 growth of modern commercialism 1 — of a desire of employers 
 to capture the ultimate 1 dollar, regardless of consequences 1 
 to the children or to the future of the race. The employers 
 of child labor are not concerned about the welfare of mod- 
 ern industrialism or the maintenance of our commercial 
 supremacy ; they are after wealth, and believe in child 
 labor because they can make more money out of it. At the 
 sametime, it must be admitted that some of the opponents 
 of child labor who profess to be actuated 1 by purely hu- 
 manitarian 1 motives are really actuated by selfish ones. 
 There seems to be a need for more toleration 1 on the part of 
 both parties to this question, as well as for saner methods 
 in its solution. — Indianapolis 1 News. 
 
184 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 IRRIGATION 
 
 Irrigation 1 was understood before the Christian era, 
 and was practiced 1 in Egypt, Asia Minor 1 , Persia 1 , and 
 Assyria 1 . England has always recognized its value, and 
 has expended three hundred million dollars in India upon 
 irrigation works, which have done much to render more 
 certain the crops of that region. England is today expend- 
 ing millions of dollars on the Nile in extending the area of 
 irrigation. Thus our government in taking control of the 
 vast arid region of the West, and so constructing an intel- 
 ligent 1 system of reservoirs 1 and canals as to render an un- 
 fruitful land productive 1 , merely follows in the footsteps 1 
 of ancient dynasties 1 , and adopts the ideas of intelligent 
 men who have gone before. America has been settled by 
 j>eople fleeing from religious persecution 1 and by people 
 borne down by the want and poverty of the Old World. If 
 the new-born millions of Continental 1 Europe 1 had not had 
 a new land to which to immigrate 1 — a new land productive 
 of more foodstuffs 1 than were necessary for the support of 
 its own increasing population — then the densely crowded 
 cities and rural communities 1 of Europe might well have 
 been devastated 1 by frightful pestilences 1 and famines. 
 Thus does nature regulate 1 the supply and the numbers of 
 those who consume, and thus has the struggle 1 for very 
 existence among European 1 people been alleviated 1 . All 
 mankind turns to nature. Once nearly all men were agri- 
 culturists 1 , but the increase of population in given areas 
 called for skilled specialists 1 in certain branches of labor ; 
 so mankind was weaned from the plow and hoe and turned 
 to the hammer and the pen. This reclamation 1 of unused 
 land will give opportunities for multitudes 1 who are now 
 employed in sedentary 1 and mercantile 1 pursuits 1 , to leave 
 their unsatisfactory 1 employments for the tilling of the 
 soil. — Youth's Companion 1 . 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES 185 
 
 HONESTY IN BUSINESS 
 
 The spirit 1 which pervades 1 the business world at the 
 beginning of this twentieth century is loftier in tone than 
 ever before in the history 1 of this country. Manufacturers 1 
 are beginning to realize that the production 1 and sale of 
 dishonest 1 and spurious 1 articles is no longer profitable. A 
 merchant's statements with regard to his goods are accepted 
 as true until they are proved false. An article, to be worth 
 advertising today, must have merit, and advertising, to be 
 remunerative 1 , must be restricted to truthful 1 statements. 
 Dishonest goods, like a depreciated 1 currency, are not 
 popular 1 with business men. a Clairners " are coming 
 more and more to be marked men in commercial 1 transac- 
 tions 1 , and this question is receiving a great deal of consid- 
 eration in passing upon credit risks. Men who try to over- 
 reach in their dealings with others and who seek to get the 
 better of a bargain by resorting to methods which are as 
 petty as they are contemptible 1 , are being excluded from 
 the class of favored and trusted customers. The adhesive 1 
 bond in the business structure 1 of the day is a stronger 
 faith in one's fellowmen. Distrust disintegrates 1 , mutual 
 confidence 1 builds up and cements together, the business 
 community 1 . It is pleasant to contemplate 1 that honesty 
 and fair-dealing are now the rule rather than the exception 
 in business enterprises. The commercial world seems to 
 have realized at last that honesty is really the best policy. 
 There is a growing disposition among merchants every- 
 where to consider character 1 as among the strongest 1 assets 
 a man can have. While the spirit of competition 1 is keener 
 today than ever before, I think there is less and less malice 
 and harsh feeling between competitors 1 in similar trades as 
 time goes on. This is evidenced by the growth of organi- 
 zations 1 among merchants and manufacturers in the same 
 line of business. — James G. Cannon. 
 
186 THE COMPLETE DICTATE^ 
 
 DEMOCRACY 
 
 Democracy 1 is more than a form of government. England 
 is democratic 1 , but her form of government is different from 
 ours ; France also is democratic, but her form of government 
 is different both from ours and that of England. Democracy 
 means not only government "of the people, for the people, 
 by the people ;" it also means industry 1 , education, and 
 religion " of the people, for the people, and by the people. " 
 It means a recognition of the truth that wealth is in some 
 sense a common wealth ; it means, therefore, a larger dis- 
 tribution 1 of wealth and a more popular 1 control over wealth. 
 It is hostile 1 to any state of society in which the many labor 
 that the few may be idle. It involves industry of brain or 
 of muscle by all men, and it involves fair recompense 1 for 
 toil to all men. Industrial 1 democracy is not yet estab- 
 lished 1 , but even here in America, where the industrial 
 democracy is not yet achieved, there is a larger distribution 
 of wealth and material happiness, and a greater necessity for 
 universal 1 labor, and a greater recognition for that necessity, 
 than ever existed in the past, or than exists in any other 
 quarter of the globe, Australia 1 alone excepted. Democracy 
 is also education for the people and by the people ; not 
 merely nor mainly for the intellectual 1 class ; education, 
 therefore, in those things which all the people need ; and 
 education directed 1 and controlled by the people. Occa- 
 sionally in America we find protests uttered against univer- 
 sal education ; occasionally sporadic 1 efforts in the South to 
 lessen education for the negroes ; occasionally some man in 
 the North saying that we have carried our common-school 
 system too far, and are educating too many, or giving too 
 large an education. But these protests pass by as idle wind 
 which people heed not. On the whole, the great educational 
 movement goes forward. — Outlook, 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES 187 
 
 THE JAPANESE 1 IN AMERICA 
 
 That part of the President's message which relates to the 
 treatment of Japanese in this country has been received in 
 Japan with the strongest 1 approval 1 , and will go far to 
 strengthen the already friendly international 1 relations of 
 the two countries. No subject of the emperor of Japan 
 could possibly read the hearty praises of Japan's marvel- 
 ously 1 rapid transition 1 in the last half-century, from the 
 civilization 1 of the Middle Ages into that of a nation of the 
 first rank in art, science, industry, and prowess 1 by sea and 
 on land, without feeling that President Roosevelt spoke with 
 sincerity 1 and cordiality 1 . The specific 1 recommendation 
 that the privilege 1 of naturalization 1 be offered by Congress 
 to Japanese intending to become American citizens ; the 
 request that the President receive ampler powers to enforce 
 the rights of aliens 1 under treaty ; the assurance 1 that exist- 
 ing powers will be employed, including, if necessary, the 
 military 1 and civil forces, which may be lawfully used (the 
 last has been absurdly 1 distorted 1 by some sensationalists 1 , 
 without regard to its context, into a threat to coerce state 
 authorities 1 acting within their constitutional 1 rights) ; and 
 the declaration that the Japanese have " won on their merits 
 and by their own exertions 1 the right to treatment on a basis 
 of full and frank equality 1 " — all these positive and obvi- 
 ously 1 spontaneous 1 expressions of good-will are naturally 
 grateful to the pride of Japan, and assure that nation that 
 our government will uphold the rights of the Japanese of 
 America, will punish acts of violence 1 or wrong-doing 
 toward them, so far as possible, and will deal justly with 
 individual 1 questions concerning them as such questions 
 arise. The attitude 1 of Americans towards the Japanese, as 
 indicated by the President's stand in the California 1 inci- 
 dent, is one of decided friendship 1 and cordiality. — Outlook. 
 
188 THE COMPLETE DICTA TER 
 
 FOR AMERICAN INFLUENCE IN CHINA 
 
 It is a good suggestion made by President James, of the 
 University 1 of Illinois 1 , that our government send an edu- 
 cational 1 commission 1 to China, with the purpose 1 of inducing 
 the Chinese authorities 1 to send to our schools and colleges 
 the young men that go abroad to be trained under Western 1 
 methods and institutions. The suggestion has been very 
 cordially 1 received by the press, and it has common sense 
 to commend 1 it. China is waking up — more slowly than 
 Japan awoke ; but within a generation very many changes 1 
 will come, and many of them will be brought about under 
 the direction 1 of Chinamen who have been educated abroad, 
 as the great changes in Japan were similarly directed 1 . 
 This bare statement brings a long list of suggestions to 
 every thoughtful mind, and it carries instant conviction of 
 the wisdom 1 of President James's suggestion. There are 
 many Chinese students 1 in foreign countries besides the five 
 thousand or more who are said to be receiving instruction 1 
 in Japan. They go chiefly to England, France, and Ger- 
 many. They avoid the United States chiefly because of the 
 rude enforcement during past years of our Chinese exclu- 
 sion law and of the prejudice 1 which they naturally think 
 we feel against them. Yet if we desire the good-will, the 
 trade, and an intellectual 1 and industrial 1 influence in 
 China, there is no other way to get these things quite so 
 directly 1 as by welcoming and training the men who a few 
 decades 1 hence will exert 1 a strong influence there in gov- 
 ernmental 1 , educational, financial 1 , and industrial ways. 
 The opportunity is the greater because our friendly atti- 
 tude 1 to China (except for our too harsh administration 1 of 
 the exclusion 1 law) has been in recent years more important 
 and helpful than the attitude of any other country. A 
 commission, such as is suggested, if wisely chosen, could 
 perform 1 a far-reaching service both to the Chinese and to 
 ourselves. — World 1 s Work. 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES 189 
 
 NATIONAL GRATITUDE 1 
 
 This Thanksgiving 1 day finds Americans blessed with 
 every form of material prosperity 1 . The tide of commer- 
 cial 1 activity was never so high ; it chokes all the channels 
 of transportation 1 , and the problems of the hour are the dif- 
 ficulties of dealing with the enormous 1 development 1 which 
 still continues 1 unchecked. For these material blessings 
 and the comfort they bring with them, national thanksgiv- 
 ing is due. But, above all, Americans should be grateful, 
 not for the wealth they are continuing 1 to store up, but for 
 the deepening consciousness 1 of infidelity 1 to great trusts 
 and unfaithfulness 1 to high standards 1 , and for the awaken- 
 ing conscience of the nation. There is no prosperity in 
 wealth divorced 1 from generosity 1 , morality, and the sense 
 of obligation. This country has passed through two years 
 of very severe searching of its own record, of very serious 
 misgivings 1 concerning its own moral condition ; and at 
 last it has come to a time of confession and repentance 1 . 
 The vast majority 1 of men have been free of all immoral 1 
 intent 1 , of any purpose 1 to betray a moral trust or to lower 
 moral standards ; but the whole country has been guilty of 
 moral sluggishness 1 , carelessness 1 , and indifference. Evil 
 practices have gone so far and penetrated 1 so deeply that 
 they have in a certain sense corrupted 1 the public 1 and 
 commercial life of the country. It is impossible to shut 
 one's eyes to the fact that many men of the highest personal 
 character 1 have been blind to moral obligations in business 
 relations, and are guilty of practices which they would 
 scorn in private life. The awakening has come not a mo- 
 ment too soon ; that it will be thorough, there is no longer 
 the slightest question 1 ; that new standards of moral action 
 are defining themselves and new duties revealing them- 
 selves, becomes clearer every day. A new revelation of 
 righteousness 1 is slowly writing itself on the hearts of the 
 American people. — Outlook. 
 
190 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 THE ART OF CONVERSATION 
 
 One of the main advantages of conversation 1 is that it is 
 a potent 1 means of worldly advancement 1 . There can be no 
 doubt that many men and women have been indebted 1 to 
 this almost exclusively 1 for a great success. Assuming, 
 then, that there is an art of conversation, the mastery 1 of 
 which requires study and practice, the question 1 arises : 
 How shall skill in this art be acquired? To answer this 
 question we must first determine 1 what are the qualifica- 
 tions 1 essential 1 to a good conversation. First, there is the 
 physical quality 1 of a pleasing voice. This is not indis- 
 pensable 17 , for there have been good talkers even with an 
 impediment 1 in their speech. Charles Lamb was one, in 
 spite of his stammer 1 . Indeed, the hesitation in his utter- 
 ance served only to call attention and give emphasis to the 
 quaint or felicitous 1 expression that followed it. Of the 
 mental conditions of good conversation, the most important 
 is knowledge 1 . There is no kind of knowledge which may 
 not be serviceable at sometime, and the greater the amount 
 and variety of one's acquisitions 1 , the finer the talk will be. 
 To be a good talker one requires not only to have a varied 
 knowledge, but to have it at his instant and absolute 1 dis- 
 posal. All his acquisitions from books, observation 1 , or 
 converse with others should, therefore, be thoroughly 
 digested 1 and assimilated 1 , so that their quintessence 1 , as 
 it were, may be at the very tip of his tongue. Of all the 
 qualities needful to a good converser, none is more indis- 
 pensable than tact — a gift which defies exact definition, but 
 which ail recognize when they see it. The best talkers, 
 though born with peculiar 1 gifts, cultivated 1 their aptitude 1 
 by reading, reflection 1 , and observation. Conversation is 
 an art ; but it is an art which may be acquired ; and no 
 acquisition yields 1 a surer or larger return for the effort it 
 exacts. — Saturday Evening 1'ost, 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES 191 
 
 AGAINST PRISON SIGHTSEEING 
 
 Massachusetts 1 , whose legislators 1 do not by any means 
 restrict their labors to the enactment 1 of "blue" laws, is 
 now rejoicing in a new statute 1 which forbids 1 the admis- 
 sion of parties of sightseers or other merely curious visitors 1 
 to penal institutions. Even companies of college students 1 
 are debarred from making prisons the scenes of "social 
 studies." Some unfavorable criticism 1 of the law has been 
 heard, but on the whole it appears to be cordially 1 approved 
 by public 1 sentiment. There is reason to wish that such a 
 law were in force, and had long been in force, in other 
 states. There has been, in New York 1 and elsewhere 1 , en- 
 tirely too much indiscriminate 1 visiting of prisons by com- 
 panies of idle or morbid sightseers. Sentimental 1 women 
 have flocked to the cells where notorious and most loath- 
 some 1 criminals 1 have been confined. Troops of school girls 
 in their teens have been permitted to " see how it felt " to 
 be locked in the death cell and to sit in the electric 1 chair. 
 Gaping holiday-makers have gazed at the confined convicts 1 
 as they would at beasts in the menagerie 1 , and have specu- 
 lated 1 as to which of them was such or such a notorious 
 criminal. It is all very vulgar and disgusting, and should 
 be abolished 1 . No conceivable good purpose 1 can be served 
 by it, while its potentialities 1 for mischief are great. It is 
 not fitting to use a public institution for the gratification 1 
 of unhealthful 1 curiosity 1 and morbid tastes. It is not 
 profitable 1 for susceptible 1 and impressionable 1 minds to be 
 brought into contact with reminders 1 of vice and crime. 
 The state may properly 1 provide places of instructive 1 and 
 inspiring resort for the public ; these are refreshing 1 to the 
 spirit 1 and conducive to health. Places which are depress- 
 ing in association 1 and degrading in suggestion should be 
 closed against all save those who have serious business 
 within their walls.— New York Tribune. 
 
192 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 JAMAICA'S FUTURE 
 
 Jamaica, as a colony, has been one of England' s invalid 
 dependencies 1 for years, and since Mr. Chamberlain's 1 
 colonial 1 secretaryship 1 the British 1 have been studying 
 ways of helping it to a larger prosperity 1 . There is a 
 reminder 1 of this fact in the agricultural 1 conference 1 
 which was being held at Kingston when the earthquake 1 
 visited the place. The English 1 delegation 1 present 
 embraced men who are making a special study of the ques- 
 tion 1 of the island's 1 economic 1 future and who hope to 
 make Jamaica's connection 1 with the British empire con- 
 sistent 1 with its industrial 1 welfare. The difficulty of the 
 island's position is that it is debarred from the United 
 States market, while such competitors 1 as Caba and Porto 
 Eico 1 enjoy special tariff privileges 1 there. The Jamaica 
 sugar 1 planter 1 cannot thrive under such conditions, and 
 his situation 1 is not improved when he reaches the British 
 market, where his competitors are admitted on equal terms 
 with himself. In late years efforts have been made to 
 diversify 1 Jamaica's products and adapt them particularly 
 to the British trade, but such a movement finds itself 
 struggling 1 against the tendencies 1 of West Indian 1 pro- 
 ducts to seek the vast market of the United States, within 
 whose economic sphere all those islands are placed by 
 decree of nature,, The blow to Kingston from the earth- 
 quake and fire must be considered in connection with the 
 precarious 1 economic situation of the colony as a whole and 
 its struggles to maintain 1 its economic foothold 1 in the 
 world's markets, if the significance 1 of the disaster 1 is fully 
 discerned 1 . The primary value of Jamaica to England is 
 today the same as it always has been — its strategic 1 posi- 
 tion as a fortress 1 and naval base. The island was acquired 
 in war, and it has never represented 1 anything but a war 
 value.— Springfield Republican 1 . 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES 193 
 
 TAXATION 1 FOR EDUCATION 
 
 If we are to have school -houses properly 1 equipped 1 for the 
 trainiug of the body, as well as the mind, for manual train- 
 ing, play, gymnastics 1 , and athletics 1 ; if all children 1 are to 
 enjoy their God-given right to education 1 ; if schools are to 
 be equipped for scientific 1 as well as literary 1 studies ; if 
 salaries 1 are to be paid to teachers that will attract men and 
 women of breeding and refinement 1 to the teaching profes- 
 sion ; and if all the teachers are to be thoroughly 1 trained so 
 that they will be models to imitate and persons capable 1 of 
 arousing interest and inspiring 1 effort — if all these things 
 are to be accomplished 1 , it is evident that the sums devoted 1 
 to education in America, enormous 1 as they are, must be 
 very greatly increased. For effective 1 purposes 1 , the reve- 
 nue of a public 1 school system ought to possess two char- 
 acteristics 1 : First, it should be ample, and second, it should 
 be stable. It should be sufficiently 1 ample in each com- 
 munity 1 to provide schooling for all children in classes 
 not to exceed forty to a teacher, and in adequately 1 equipped 
 buildings 1 ; to pay teachers reasonable salaries so that they 
 may be able to live in refined surroundings 1 and take advan- 
 tage of opportunities for self -improvement 1 ; and to provide 
 pensions 1 after retirement 1 so that while in active service 
 they may be relieved 1 of anxiety 1 regarding provision 1 for 
 old age. It should be stable so that the educational 1 authori- 
 ties 1 may be able to carry out a consistent 1 and progressive 1 
 policy. It should not be subject to the whims 1 and caprices 
 of the politicians 1 who control the municipal 1 administra- 
 tions 1 of our large cities. It should not be fluctuating 1 from 
 year to year and thus lead to the establishment of activities 1 
 one year which must be abandoned for lack of funds the 
 next. If the schools are to meet the demands which so- 
 ciety makes upon them, a sufficient 1 school tax must be 
 fixed by law, and the proceeds of this tax must be held 
 sacred to the causes of education. — Current Literature 1 . 
 
194 THE COMPLETE DICTA TER 
 
 THE MILITARY 1 INDUSTRY 1 
 
 It has become an old story that the army of the United 
 States is today unable to keep its ranks filled, for the sim- 
 ple and sufficient 1 reason that the government service does 
 not pay anything like as good wages as do civil pursuits 1 . 
 The labor unions and high prosperity 1 have combined to 
 secure to civil labor an unprecedented 1 wage, beside which 
 the army pay-table looks uncommonly 1 stingy. No labor 
 union exerts 1 any influence on the soldier's wage-scale ; 
 and, although the demand for workingmen 1 to wear the 
 blue is extreme, the military authorities 1 are unable to ad- 
 vance wages without the action of Congress. Reports from 
 army headquarters 1 all over the land and from recruiting 
 stations are unanimous 1 in pointing out the difficulty found 
 in enlisting men and in holding soldiers after their terms 
 expire. Congress, which has never been stirred by senti- 
 ment over the matter or by any argument designed merely 
 to show that the soldiering trade deserves better pay, is now 
 confronted with the practical 1 condition that, unless better 
 provision is made, the army may find itself without sol- 
 diers. General Funston in his report submits that the life 
 of the army is actually menaced by this condition. As 
 commander 1 of the Department 1 of California 1 , he is able 
 to observe the situation 1 in its extreme phase. Bricklay- 
 ers 1 , plasterers 1 , plumbers, and the general run of skilled 
 tradesmen in San Francisco 1 get bigger pay than army offi- 
 cers up to the grade of captain, and vastly more pay than 
 the men in the ranks. Inasmuch 1 as the pursuit of sol- 
 diering in this country is left to free choice, and the army 
 is made up of free men and not conscripts 1 , the government 
 must inevitably 1 face extraordinary 1 competition 1 in times 
 of general industrial 1 activity. It is high time the govern- 
 ment takes cognizance 1 of these facts and readjusts its army 
 pay-scale accordingly. — Providence^ Journal. 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES 195 
 
 HARD LINES FOR THE CLERK 
 
 The case of the government clerk has been receiving a good 
 deal of attention in connection with various suggestions for 
 a pension system. It is said that his work is the most unin- 
 spiring 1 routine drudgery 1 ; that the utmost he can reason- 
 ably hope for is, by long service, to w T in an $1800 place ; 
 that he is pretty apt to be unambitious 1 and improvident 1 . 
 The Secretary 1 of the Treasury is on well -approved ground 
 when he quotes Franklin 1 ; urges the federal 1 employee to 
 cultivate 1 thrift, open a savings account, and stand on his 
 own feet. The clerkly 1 class is a numerous one, and con- 
 tinually 1 growing. Every large city has its army of clerks 
 in railroad offices, banks, stores, and the like. The prin- 
 cipal difference between them and the government employees 
 is that their hours are longer, their work harder, their pay 
 smaller, their chances for finally winning an $1800 place, on 
 the whole, decidedly less, and they are not tempted to 
 improvidence 1 , like the government clerks, by a knowledge 1 
 that they have practically 1 a life tenure 1 of- their jobs. On 
 the contrary, they have every reason to suppose that they 
 will be discharged 1 if age impairs 1 their efficiency 1 . As to 
 their providence, most cities with a large clerical 1 population 
 fairly swarm 1 with benevolent 1 Shylocks who do a fine 
 business making loans without security to salaried 1 people 
 at about double pawnshop 1 rates. It is good to quote 
 Franklin to them ; but conditions have changed since Frank- 
 lin's day. The city clerk has to pay a high tax on living 
 expenses for the modern improvements and the wealth that 
 surround 1 him. About all he can do with his money is to 
 put it in a savings-bank and get three per cent, interest. 
 A very diligent reading of Poor Richard is necessary to 
 extract a high degree of cheer from such prospects 1 . 
 
 Saturday Evening Post. 
 
196 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 MEN OF COMMANDING PERSONALITY 
 
 When we say of a man, " He has a commanding 1 person- 
 ality 1 ," we snm up in a short phrase a total of elements or 
 qualities 1 , some perhaps 1 discoverable 1 in their outward 
 action, but more of which are indefinable 1 . This indefina- 
 ble thing, the human personality, is in all the affairs of life 
 the most powerful factor 1 . It is in a large measure the secret 
 of the orator's 1 influence, the politician's 1 triumph, and the 
 business man's success. Many examples 1 of great achieve- 
 ment 1 in enterprise, commerce, and finance are living among 
 us now, the cause of whose power lies in their personality. 
 Those who are dead we can properly 1 name. Collis P. 
 Huntington 1 was one of them. He had his way among 
 men ; they yielded 1 to his force of character 1 . He made 
 men believe in his plans, and they fell in line to support 1 
 him with their capital and their credit. Stephen Girard 1 , 
 John Jacob Astor, Cyrus W. Field, George Peabody, Cor- 
 nelius 1 Yanderbilt 1 , are the names of some who come most 
 readily to mind. Is it worth while to explore for the secret 
 of power which actuated 1 these men and their like? Some 
 features 1 are obvious 1 enough, and those we may catalogue, 
 while others, perhaps 1 equally important, cannot be classified 1 
 and labeled. They must remain mysteries 1 hidden even to 
 those who possessed and used them. The qualities 1 most 
 obvious 1 are ambition backed by energy, which drives the 
 possessor to action ; courage, restrained 1 by an instinctive 1 
 prudence, that guards from an excess of hazard 1 ; the 
 mental ability to perceive 1 things in their true nature, 
 and what they are in their relationships 1 . These, united 1 , 
 blended, balanced, and vivified 1 by interior 1 forces or influ- 
 ences which cannot be traced, compose what we recognize 
 as the personality. The power of this subtle something 
 cannot be denied; it is too plainly felt to be ignored. 
 
 Lyman J. Gage, 
 
SEUSCTED ARTICLES 197 
 
 BUSINESS CONDITIONS OF TODAY 
 
 It is a common criticism 1 of present business conditions 
 that the man of small means or of no means has no chance to 
 do anything for himself. The best he can do is to take a 
 position for wages or salary. And so the business world is 
 divided between a comparatively 1 small number of large 
 capitalists 1 and a great army of employes. In Carlyle's 
 phrase, the only relation between the modern capitalist and 
 the men his capital employs is the cash relation. It is true 
 that the tendency 1 of business since the introduction 1 of 
 machinery 1 has been toward the large scale of doing things. 
 It is true that steam, electricity 1 , and consolidated 1 capital 
 are in our own days eliminating 1 the small producer and the 
 small trader. And it is true that the chance of men becom- 
 ing independent 1 producers and traders is vastly less than it 
 was in the time of our fathers. But production 1 and trans- 
 portation 1 on a vast scale have amazingly 1 cheapened all the 
 necessaries and comforts of life. This is the great, solid, 
 indisputable 1 advantage which combined capital and large 
 production have brought to the human race. Another criti- 
 cism more serious and difficult to answer is based on moral 
 grounds. What is the terrible charge which the public 1 
 brings against business men or their leading representa- 
 tives 1 ? The insurance investigations 1 demonstrated 1 in the 
 high places of business a shameless disregard 1 of morality, 
 honor, and fidelity 1 to sacred obligations and trusts. At the 
 sametime, the legal officials and the judicial 1 tribunals 1 of 
 the states and of the nation have been furnishing 1 similar 
 presentments 1 of the immoral practice of other large compa- 
 nies and corporations 1 . Bigness is every where the enemy of 
 conscientiousness 1 . The moral problem for the business world 
 is this : The practice in big affairs of the same honor, fidel- 
 ity, and justice which it now practices in other affairs. 
 
 Jacob G. Schurman. 
 
198 THE COMPLETE DICTATES 
 
 SPREADING MEDICAL KNOWLEDGE 1 
 
 The day of making a mystery of disease 1 is past. With, 
 the spread of enlightenment 1 in all branches of knowledge, 
 ignorance 1 cannot exist in regard to matters of physical 
 being. If it ever was the policy of the doctors to withhold 1 
 information on points that their patients 1 should have 
 known, it is so no longer. This is a day when the preven- 
 tion 1 of disease is counted as more important than the cure 
 of sickness ; the most important medical research 1 work of 
 the time is along the line of preventive 1 measures — and there 
 can be no safeguarding 1 of the public 1 against disease with- 
 out taking the public into confidence 1 and winning its 
 cooperation 1 . This the profession 1 and allied organizations 1 
 are doing in marked degree. A splendid manifestation 1 of 
 the cooperative 1 spirit 1 on the medical side is exhibited in 
 the plan of the Harvard 1 Medical School to offer to the pub- 
 lic a course of lectures 1 , entirely free and without even the 
 formality 1 of the use of tickets, to be given by medical ex- 
 perts on Saturday evenings and Sunday afternoons, on a 
 large variety of subjects pertaining 1 to the general health. 
 The speakers will be specialists 1 , and the opportunity is open 
 to the Boston public to learn how to avoid disease and how 
 to care for it when it appears in any of its familiar 1 phases. 
 It is an opportunity that should be largely taken advantage 
 of, for an otherwise 1 intelligent 1 person should not tolerate 1 
 ignorance on matters of the health. And it is well that the 
 public should be brought into closer touch with the institu- 
 tions 1 of learning. These are beginning to discover that their 
 opportunity is not limited to the youth that seek instruc- 
 tion 1 , but that to the maturer 1 members of the community 1 
 they can extend many advantages, It is to be hoped that 
 Harvard's example will be emulated by other institutions, 
 and that the people in all sections of the country will be 
 given the opportunity to learn the simple laws of health. 
 
 New Bedford 1 Standard 1 . 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES 199 
 
 COLLEGE MEN AND CITIZENSHIP 1 
 
 Remember that to take part in the work of government 
 does not mean of necessity to hold office. It means to take 
 an intelligent 1 , disinterested 1 , and practical 1 part in every- 
 day duties of the average citizen 1 , of the citizen who is not 
 a faddist or a doctrinaire 1 , but who abhors 1 corruption 1 and 
 dislikes inefficiency 1 ; who wishes to see decent government 
 prevail 1 at home, with genuine 1 equality 1 of opportunity for 
 all men, so far as can be brought about ; and who wishes, as 
 far as foreign matters are concerned, to see this nation treat 
 all other nations, great and small, with respect 1 , and, if 
 need be, with generosity 1 , and, at the sametime, show her- 
 self "able to protect 1 herself by her own might from any 
 wrong at the hands of any outside power. Each man here 
 should feel that he has no excuse, as a citizen in a demo- 
 cratic 1 republic 1 like ours, if he fails to do his part in the 
 government. It is not only his right to do so, but his duty, 
 his duty both to the nation and to himself. Each should 
 feel that, if he fails in this, he is not only failing in his duty, 
 but is showing himself in a contemptible 1 light. A man may 
 neglect 1 his political 1 duties because he is too lazy, too sel- 
 fish, too short-sighted 1 , or too timid ; but whatever the rea- 
 son may be, it is certainly an unworthy reason, and it shows 
 either a weakness or worse than a weakness in the man's 
 character 1 . Every man in this country is born to responsi- 
 bilities 1 of citizenship, and the measure and quality 1 of the 
 service which he should render the state may be properly 
 gauged by the education he has enjoyed. Above all, college 
 men, remember that if your education 1 and the pleasant lives 
 you lead make you too fastidious 1 , too sensitive to take part 
 in the rough hurly-burly 1 of the actual work of the world ; 
 if you become so over-cultivated 1 , over-refined that you 
 cannot do the hard work of practical 1 politics 1 , then you 
 had better never have been educated at all. 
 
 Theodore Roosevelt. 
 
200 THE COMPLETE DICTATES 
 
 EDUCATION FOR BUSINESS 
 
 To do justice to the business man, the college should give 
 him early skill in a few simple subjects which have little 
 value in mental training. The college will save his time by 
 teaching these regardless of their academic 1 value. It can 
 teach stenography, bookkeeping, and commercial 1 law, as 
 it now teaches wood-working, voice-culture 1 , and punc- 
 tuation 1 . What the student 1 needs is the college's justifi- 
 cation 1 . For the rest, the business man will find many of 
 his special needs met by the studies which are distinctly 1 
 academic. Among these are English 1 composition and 
 English literature 1 , American history 1 and the modern 
 history of Europe and Asia, elementary 1 law, interna- 
 tional 1 law, political 1 science, economics 1 , finance, German, 
 Spanish, and a serious drill in at least one of the sciences. 
 Especially 1 valuable to the man of affairs is a practical 1 
 familiarity 1 with the methods of scientific 1 research 1 , for 
 by such methods alone is research of any kind made effect- 
 ive 1 . By sound methods he should investigate 1 such sub- 
 jects as these : The effect on business of gold and other 
 standards 1 of value ; the effect of a protective 1 tariff and 
 other tariffs ; the result 1 on commerce of friendly and 
 unfriendly foreign relations ; the relation of trade to the 
 flag ; the results, immediate and ultimate, of subsidies 1 , 
 trusts, and bounties 1 ; the possibilities 1 of railroad control ; 
 the methods of dignified 1 and economic local government ; 
 the question of municipal control ; the meaning of civil- 
 service reform 1 . These subjects and others of like char- 
 acter 1 should be studied, not didactically 1 , not emotion- 
 ally 1 , but by practical investigation 1 on the lines of actual 
 business. To give sound methods of investigation is the 
 highest duty of the real university 1 . A system of training 
 which misses this should hardly be called education, for it 
 is the function 1 of training to disclose the secret of power. 
 
 David Starr Jordan. 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES 201 
 
 TILLAGE OF THE SOIL 
 
 A clear recognition on the part of the whole people, from 
 the highest down to the lowest, that the tillage 1 of the soil 
 is the natural and most desirable occupation, 1 for man, to 
 which every other is subsidiary 1 , and to which all else must 
 in the end yield 1 , is the first requisite 1 . Then there will 
 be a check administered 1 to the city movement that lowered 
 the percentage of agricultural 1 labor to the whole body of 
 persons engaged in gainful occupations in the United States. 
 With public 1 interest firmly fixed upon the future, the 
 country, in mere self-preservation 1 , must give serious atten- 
 tion to the practical 1 occupation of restoring agriculture 1 to 
 its due position in the nation. The government should 
 establish 1 a small model farm on its own land in every 
 rural congressional 1 district, later perhaps 1 in every county 
 in the agricultural states. Let the Department of Agricul- 
 ture show exactly what can be done on a small tract of land 
 by proper 1 cultivation 1 , moderate fertilizing 1 , and due 
 rotation of crops. The sight of the fields and their contrast 
 with those of neighbors, the knowledge 1 of yields secured 
 and profits possible, would be worth more than all the 
 pamphlets 1 poured out from the government printing- 
 office in years. The government should not hesitate before 
 the comparatively 1 small expense and labor involved in 
 such a practical encouragement of what is the most import- 
 ant industry 1 of the present and the stay and promise of the 
 future. Disseminate 1 knowledge of farming as it should 
 and must be, instead of maintaining 1 the pitiful bribe of a 
 few free seeds» Declare everywhere, from the executive 1 
 chamber, from the editorial 1 office, from the platform 1 , and 
 above all from every college class-room and from every 
 little school-house in the lane, the new crusade 1 . Only thus 
 may a multiplying 1 population secure its permanent 1 
 maintenance 1 and lay the foundations 1 of enduring pros- 
 perity 1 . — James J. Hill. 
 
202 THE COMPLETE DICTATES 
 
 THE TRUSTS AND SOCIALISM 1 
 
 Large combinations have come to stay ; and their exist- 
 ence 1 must and will be made constant with the mainten- 
 ance 1 of competition 1 . The socialists 1 who regard the 
 development 1 of great trusts with serenity 1 because it 
 seems to be a step toward the assumption of control over 
 industry 1 by the state, are much mistaken 1 . The growth 
 of large trusts is the result of free competition between the 
 most powerful and efficient 1 managers of production 1 . The 
 outcome of free play has been the gains of large production. 
 The exceeding great attention given to the subject in these 
 days is mainly due to the questioning 1 whether some evolu- 
 tions of society have developed 1 acts which injure other 
 parts of the community 1 . Accordingly, society is setting 
 itself to work to retain all the essential 1 advantages of large 
 operations and yet protect 1 the rights of individuals 1 . 
 There is no reason yet to believe that this task, any more 
 than others in the past, is beyond the powers of the Ameri- 
 can people, with its Anglo-Saxon 1 traditions. It is the evi- 
 dent purpose 1 of our public 1 to preserve 1 the essential 1 
 virtues of the competitive 1 system ; to allow bigness, but 
 to prevent 1 evils ; to allow combinations, but to prevent 
 monopoly 1 ; to allow managerial 1 power full sway, but to 
 prevent 1 its injury to the rights of private individuals. 
 Instead of a tendency 1 to socialism and the abolition of 
 competition, the trend is greatly in the opposite direc- 
 tion 1 — toward a vigorous 1 assertion 1 of the enjoyment of 
 free and equal competition. In brief, large combinations 
 have disclosed a new form of industrial 1 power which has 
 its gains as well as its dangers ; and the United States 
 undoubtedly 1 believes that it is strong enough to permit 
 this new power to work itself out legitimately 1 , but under 
 constant restraint and oversight for the protection 1 of all 
 the rights, liberties, and opportunities of the weak. 
 
 J. Laurence Laughlin. 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES 203 
 
 THE BORROWED MIRROR 1 
 
 " What will other people think?" is the most cowardly 1 
 phrase in use in society. Only weak men stand in fear of 
 the censure 1 of the neighborhood 1 . Whatever is great in 
 life brings down censure upon the head of the doer. A man 
 who lives, moves, and has his being in other people's opin- 
 ions 1 has not risen to the level of animal intelligence 1 . The 
 dog and horse are at least sincere 1 and natural in all their 
 acts. Why not dress your life before your own mirror? 
 Look for your reflection 1 in your own mind. There is a 
 secret judge of all your acts within you. Conscience 1 is your 
 private opinion of yourself ; see that it approves of your 
 every act, and then toss your head at your neighbor's opin- 
 ion of you. W T hy borrow a thing when you possess it your- 
 self? What does it matter what others think of your 
 actions? What do you think of them ? Some men crouch, 
 crawl, and skulk all their lives. They are cowed by a 
 whisper ; their purpose 1 is shaken by a look. They run 
 like sheep before somebody's opinion, though they would 
 return blow for blow if they were attacked on the highway. 
 They are larded 1 , greased, and curled 1 wax-figures. When- 
 ever they move you know that Public 1 Opinion has pulled a 
 wire somewhere. When they speak you know w T hat they 
 will say. They are not men enough to offend. The ogre, 
 Public Opinion, slays more originality 1 and individuality 1 
 than all the barbarous 1 superstitious 1 codes put together. 
 It is the modern Moloch before which we all meekly bend. 
 That shameful hypocrisy 1 w T hich permeates 1 society every- 
 where is born of the fear of other people's opinions. Sin- 
 cerity 1 and plain-speaking are at a premium everywhere. We 
 lie from morning until night, and pretend to things we 
 abhor 1 . Turn once upon that lazy braggart 1 , Public Opin- 
 ion, and see it scamper away. It is our latest idol, the 
 modern social 1 Juggernaut 1 . 
 
 Benjamin De Casseres 1 , in Cosmopolitan 1 . 
 
204 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 AMERICANISM 1 
 
 Americanism of the right sort we cannot have too much. 
 By Americanism I do not mean that which had a brief 
 political 1 existence 1 more than thirty years ago. That 
 movement was based on race and sect, and was, therefore, 
 thoroughly un-American, and failed, as all un-American 
 movements have failed in this country. True Americanism 
 is opposed utterly to any political divisions resting on race 
 and religion. To the race or to the sect which, as such, 
 attempts to take possession of the politics 1 or the public 1 
 education of the country, true Americanism says, " Hands 
 ofr.'' The American idea is a free church in a free state, 
 and a free and unsectarian 1 public school in every ward 
 and in every village, with its doors wide open to the 
 children of all races and of every creed. It goes still further 
 and frowns upon the constant attempt to divide our people 
 according to origin or extraction 1 . Let every man honor 
 and love the land of his birth and the race from which he 
 springs, and keep their memory green. It is a pious and 
 honorable 1 duty. But let us have done with British 1 - 
 Americans and Irish 1 -Americans and German- Americans, 
 and all be Americans — nothing more and nothing less. If 
 a man is going to be an American at all, let him be so with- 
 out any qualifying 1 adjectives 1 , and if he is going to be 
 something else, let him drop the word American from his 
 personal description. Mere vaporing and boasting become 
 a nation as little as a man. But honest, outspoken 1 pride 
 and faith in our country are infinitely 1 better and more to 
 be respected 1 than the cultivated 1 reserve which sets it 
 down as ill-bred and in bad taste ever to refer to our 
 country except by way of depreciation 1 , criticism 1 , or gen- 
 eral negation. We have a right to be proud of our vast 
 material success, our national power and dignity 1 , and our 
 advancing civilization 1 . — Henry Cabot Lodge. 
 
SELECTED AKTICLES 205 
 
 RIGHTS AND DUTIES 
 
 People talk of liberty as if it meant the liberty of doing 
 what a man likes. I call that man free who is master of 
 his lower appetites, who is able to rule himself. I call him 
 free who has his flesh in subjection to his spirit. We hear 
 in these days a great deal respecting 1 rights. We hear of 
 the rights of private judgment, the rights of labor, the rights 
 of property 1 , and the rights of men. Rights are grand 
 things, divine things in this world of God's. But the way 
 in which we expound those rights seems to me to be the 
 very incarnation 1 of selfishness 1 . My rights are, in truth, 
 my duties ; my rights are limited by another man's rights. 
 For example 1 , I have a perfect 1 right to build a wall on my 
 own estate. The language of the law is that to whomso- 
 ever the soil belongs is his all up to the skies. But within 
 three yards of my wall is my neighbor's window. What 
 becomes of the right that I was talking of ? My right is 
 limited ; it is my duty, because limited by his right. Now, 
 democracy 1 , if it means anything, means government by 
 the people. Let us not endeavor to make it ridiculous 1 . It 
 does not mean that the Bushman 1 or the Australian 1 is 
 equal to the Englishman 1 . But it means this : that the 
 original stuff of which all men are made is equal, that th^re 
 is no reason why the Hottentot 1 and the Australian may 
 not be cultivated 1 so that in the lapse of centuries 1 they 
 may be equal to Englishmen. And I suppose that all free 
 institutions mean this. I suppose they are meant to 
 assert 1 : Let the people be educated ; let there be a fair 
 field and no favor ; let every man have a fair chance, and 
 then the happiest 1 condition of a nation would be that 
 when every man has been educated morally 1 and intellec- 
 tually 1 to his highest capacity 1 , there should then be selected 
 out of men so trained a government of the wisest and the 
 best. — F. W. Robertson. 
 
206 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 CENTRALIZATION 1 IN THE UNITED STATES 
 
 The unmistakable 1 danger that threatens free govern- 
 ment in America is the increasing tendency 1 to concen- 
 trate 1 in the federal 1 government powers and privileges 1 
 that should be left with the states, and to create powers 
 that neither the state nor federal government should have. 
 Concurrent with this political 1 drift is another movement, 
 less formal, perhaps 1 , but not less dangerous — the consoli- 
 dation 1 of capital. The world has not seen nor has the mind 
 of man conceived of such miraculous 1 wealth -gathering as 
 are everyday tales to us. Aladdin's lamp is dimmed, and 
 Monte Cristo becomes commonplace 1 when compared to our 
 magicians 1 of finance and trade. I do not denounce 1 the 
 newly rich. Our great wealth has brought us profit and 
 splendor 1 . But the status itself is a menace. A home 
 that costs three million dollars and a breakfast that costs 
 five thousand dollars are disquieting 1 facts to the millions 
 who live in a hut and dine on a crust. The fact that a man 
 ten years from poverty has an income of twenty million 
 dollars falls strangely on the ears of those who hear it, as 
 they sit empty-handed while children cry for bread. What 
 is the remedy? To exalt the hearthstone 1 , to strengthen 
 the home, to build up the individual 1 , to magnify and de- 
 fend 1 the principle of local self-government. Not in depre- 
 ciation 1 of the federal government, but to its glory ; not to 
 weaken the republic 1 , but to strengthen it. Let it be 
 understood that I am no pessimist 1 as to this republic. I 
 always bet on sunshine in America. I know that my coun- 
 try has reached the point of perilous 1 greatness ; but I 
 know that beyond the uttermost glory is enthroned 1 the 
 Lord God Almighty 1 , and that when the hour of her trial 
 has come he will lift up his everlasting 1 gates and bend 
 down above her in mercy and in love.— Henry TV. Grady. 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES *207 
 
 TO MAKE WAR MORE HORRIBLE 
 
 The government expends a small sum each year for testing 
 new devices of a possible military 1 value. The Board of 
 Ordnance 1 and Fortification 1 is supposed to have the duty of 
 encouraging inventors 1 and assisting in the development 1 of 
 their inventions. Last year only five thousand dollars was 
 expended by the board, which, with its accumulated allot- 
 ments 1 of previous years, has now on hand more than one 
 hundred thousand dollars. Comparatively 1 few experi- 
 ments 1 are made, and the vast number of suggestions are 
 apparently 1 shelved 1 without much more attention than 
 polite acknowledgment 1 to the authors. Nearly all the 
 devices submitted are intended 1 to increase the terrors of 
 war by adding to the efficacy 1 of the means of fighting. 
 Perhaps 1 an exception should be made in favor of the ear 
 protector 1 , the invention of a New York man, adapted for 
 use by those who are on duty in the turrets of battleships 
 and those who are stationed at the coast fortifications. Some 
 of the other inventions which have been favorably received 
 may be regarded as having a tendency 1 to encourage peace, 
 since they would introduce into warfare factors 1 of devasta- 
 tion 1 which would, by their diabolical 1 results, promote inter- 
 national disarmament 1 . Of this class must be considered 
 those bomb-dropping devices which, if successful, would 
 destroy whole armies ; the inflammable 1 projectile 1 capable 1 
 of burning up a camp ; the nitroglycerine 1 missile ; a scheme 
 for pouring burning sulphur 1 into trenches, and kindred 1 
 methods of wholesale obliteration 1 . There is, too, the 
 usual proportion of armored 1 cars, including the highly 
 protected 1 motor which shall penetrate 1 the enemy's lines 
 and afford its steel-shielded 1 occupants a chance to pick 
 off the opposing marksmen and incidentally 1 strew high 
 explosives 1 along a death-dealing route. The country does 
 not lack yet, with all the cry for universal 1 peace, the means 
 of increasing the ravages 1 of war. — Harper's Weekly. 
 
208 THE COMPLETE DICTATER 
 
 THE DEGRADATION 1 OF THE COURTS 
 
 Some self-respecting 1 and independent 1 judge will sooner 
 or later realize 1 the indecency 1 and the scandal 1 of the pre- 
 vailing 1 condition of court procedure 1 , and by his own cour- 
 ageous 1 initiative 1 put an end to it. Day by day the law, 
 the court, and the processes of the law are being brought 
 into contempt in the eyes of the public by the methods of a 
 disreputable 1 press. Trial by jury is visibly 1 breaking 
 down ; the dignity 1 of the Court itself is in derision 1 , and 
 the traditional 1 deportment 1 of justice is fast fading into 
 memory. The judges themselves, and not the newspapers, 
 are to blame. The latter have only one purpose 1 to serve, 
 which is to sell their wares by conforming 1 to the degraded 
 taste of a morbid 1 public 1 . The court, its whole appenage 1 
 and personnel 1 , is handed over, from its opening to its close, 
 to a horde of photographers 1 and draughtsmen 1 . Every 
 development 1 of the case is posed for the press, precisely 1 
 as if it marked a stage in a prize fight or an episode 1 in a 
 vaudeville 1 show. This, we submit, cannot continue 1 in- 
 definitely 1 if the system of trial by jury is to endure. How 
 any self-respecting judge can sit smiling and indifferent and 
 allow the shameful and insidious 1 farce to demoralize 1 his 
 court and deprave the public conscience 1 , is beyond our com- 
 prehension 1 . Yet each day witnesses incidents in the conduct 
 of our civil and criminal 1 cases that reflect 1 sadly on the 
 capacity of the judiciary 1 and make us tremble for the future 
 of the court. Every judge is constituted 1 the guardian 1 of 
 his own court. There is no act of a judge that so challenges 1 
 public approval as that by which he asserts 1 and protects 1 the 
 dignity of his court. The public never hears of an offender 1 
 being held in contempt of the court and being visited with 
 a fine or a day's seclusion 1 that it does not heartily approve 
 the incident 1 and applaud the judge who has shown his 
 jealousy 1 of his own dignity and his sensitiveness 1 as to the 
 honor of his court. — Neiv York Sun. 
 
SELECTED ARTICLES 209 
 
 CHRISTIAN 1 CITIZENSHIP 1 
 
 The fundamental 1 service which the church has to render 
 in the line of municipal 1 or national betterment 1 is to de- 
 velop 1 in Christians as such a civic 1 consciousness 1 . To an 
 American the Stars and Stripes ought to be as actually a part 
 of his religion as the Sermon on the Mount. Other things 
 being equal, it is as urgently 1 the obligation of a Christian 
 to go to the polls on election day as it is for him to go to the 
 Lord's table on communion 1 day. That sense of the holy 
 obligation which citizenship involves 1 must be made part of 
 our Christian religion. It must be taught from the pulpit, 
 rehearsed 1 at the home, reiterated 1 in the Sunday school, 
 and practiced in the life. I wish the time might come when 
 we could have our national colors displayed in the sanctu- 
 ary 1 , not simply hung from the belfry in a shy kind of way 
 on Fourth of July and the twenty-second of February, but 
 made a permanent 1 part of sanctuary decoration 1 . The old 
 Hebrew never thought of patriotism 1 as anything but a con- 
 stituent 1 part of religion. To him it was religion in its 
 political 1 aspects 1 . I wish there were some way in which 
 we could make civic virtue part of our creed. It would be 
 a tremendous 1 gain if we could, all of us, come to conceive of 
 and to handle civic duties, such as attending the primaries 1 
 and going to the polls, as lying on religious ground and con- 
 tained within Christian jurisdiction 1 . The instant effect 1 of 
 such civic consciousness would be to bring the citizen into 
 direct practical 1 relations to his city or country, and to make 
 him feel in regard to his city, for example 1 , "This is my 
 city." No matter how many mayors or aldermen or police 
 captains you have, it is your city all the same, and no city 
 is safe unless its citizens tread steadily on the heels of those 
 who have been hired to do the town's business. The mayor 
 is bound to look after the citizens, but the citizens are just 
 as bound to look after the mayor. 
 
 Charles H. Parkhurst 1 , D. D. 
 
210 THE COMPLETE DICTATES 
 
 THE AUTHORITY 1 OF THE STATE 
 
 We have reason to congratulate 1 ourselves that coinci- 
 dent 1 with prosperity 1 there is an emphatic 1 assertion 1 of 
 popular 1 rights and a keen resentment 1 of public 1 wrongs. 
 There is no panacea 1 in executive 1 or legislative 1 action for 
 all the ills of society which spring from the frailties and 
 defects 1 of the human nature of its members. But this 
 furnishes no excuse for complacent 1 inactivity 1 and no rea- 
 son for the toleration 1 of wrongs made possible by defect- 
 ive 1 or inadequate 1 legislation 1 , or by administrative 1 par- 
 tiality 1 or inefficiency 1 . Whether or not we have laws 
 enough, we certainly have enough of ill-considered legisla- 
 tion, and the question 1 is not as to the quantity 1 , but as to 
 the^ quality 1 of our present and of our proposed enact- 
 ments 1 . Slowly but surely the people have narrowed the 
 opportunities for selfish aggression, and the demand of this 
 hour, and of all hours in this state and in the nation, is not 
 allegiance 1 to phrases, but sympathy with every aspira- 
 tion 1 for the betterment 1 of conditions, and a sincere and 
 patient 1 effort to understand every need and to ascertain in 
 the light of experience the means best adapted to meet it. 
 It is the capacity for such close examination 1 without heat 
 or disqualifying 1 prejudice 1 which distinguishes 1 the con- 
 structive 1 effort from vain endeavors 1 to change human 
 nature by changing the forms of government. It must 
 freely be recognized that many of the evils of which we 
 complain have their source in the law itself, in privileges 1 
 carelessly granted, in opportunities for private aggrandize- 
 ment 1 at the expense of the people recklessly 1 created, in 
 failure to safeguard 1 our public interests by providing 
 means for just regulation 1 of those enterprises which 
 depend upon the use of public franchises. Wherever the 
 law gives unjust advantage there is urgent 1 necessity for 
 the assertion of the authority of the state to enforce the 
 common right. — Charles E. Hughes. 
 
PART IV 
 Gregg Vocabulary 
 
TO THE TEACHER 
 
 The Gregg outlines in the following vocabulary may be 
 accepted as authoritative in every detail. They represent 
 the combined judgment of a group of the best Gregg teachers. 
 
 212 
 
GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 abandoned 
 abhor 
 abolished 
 absolute 
 
 absolutely 
 absorb 
 
 absorptive 
 absurdly 
 
 abundance 
 academic 
 
 acceptable 
 acceptance 
 
 accessible 
 accessories 
 
 accidents 
 accommodate 
 
 accomplish 
 accordance 
 
 accredited 
 accrued 
 accuracy 
 accurate 
 
 accurately 
 achievement 
 acknowledge 
 acknowledg- 
 ment 
 acquaint 
 acquaintance 
 acquisition 
 actively 
 
 activities 
 actual 
 
 actuated 
 
 adaptation 
 additional 
 adequate 
 
 adequately 
 adhered 
 
 adhesive 
 adjectives 
 
 adjusted 
 adjustment 
 
 administer 
 administration 
 
 administrative 
 administrator 
 
 admirable 
 advancement 
 
 advantageous 
 advantageously 
 
 advisability 
 
 advisable 
 
 aeronaut 
 
 affect 
 
 afford 
 
 afore-men- 
 tioned 
 
 aforesaid 
 
 afternoon 
 
 afterward 
 
 agent 
 
 aggrandize- 
 ment 
 
 aggregation 
 
 213 
 
214 
 
 GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 aggressiveness 
 agricultural 
 
 agriculture 
 agriculturist 
 
 Akron 
 Alameda 
 
 Albany 
 Albion 
 
 alcohol 
 Alexander 
 
 aliens 
 Allegheny 
 
 allegiance 
 alleviated 
 
 alliance 
 Allison 
 
 allotment 
 Almighty 
 
 alongside 
 alternating 
 
 although 
 amazingly 
 
 American 
 Americanism 
 
 ammeter 
 amperes 
 
 Amsterdam 
 analogous 
 
 analysis 
 analyzed 
 
 Anderson 
 Andrew 
 
 Anglo Saxon 
 anniversary 
 
 announcement 
 annual 
 
 annually 
 another 
 
 anthracite 
 anticipate 
 
 anxiety 
 anxious 
 
 apartment 
 appanage 
 
 apparatus 
 apparent 
 
 apparently 
 application 
 
 appointment 
 apportioned 
 
 appreciate 
 apprehension 
 
 approval 
 approved 
 
 approximate 
 approximately 
 
 appurtenances 
 apricots 
 
 aptitude 
 arbitraries 
 
 arbitration 
 architect 
 
 Arizona 
 Arkansas 
 
 armature 
 armored 
 
 Armstrong 
 arrangement 
 
 arrearage 
 arrears 
 
 arrival 
 articles 
 
 artisan 
 artistic 
 
 asbestos 
 ascertain 
 
GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 215 
 
 Asia Minor 
 aspect 
 
 asphalt 
 aspiration 
 
 assert 
 assertion 
 
 assessment 
 assigned 
 
 assignment 
 
 assimilate 
 
 assist 
 assistance 
 
 assistant 
 association 
 
 assortment 
 assurance 
 
 Assyria 
 Atchison 
 
 athletic 
 Atlanta 
 
 Atlantic 
 Atlantic City 
 
 atmosphere 
 atrophy 
 
 attached 
 attendance 
 
 attitude 
 attorney 
 
 attractive 
 auctioneers 
 
 audiences 
 auditor 
 
 auspices 
 Australia 
 
 Australian 
 Austria 
 
 authority 
 authorize 
 
 c^-^" 
 
 ; 
 
 automatic 
 automobile 
 
 available 
 averaging 
 
 avidity 
 avoirdupois 
 
 award 
 aye 
 
 B 
 
 Babcock 
 balance 
 
 Baldwin 
 Baltimore 
 
 Bangor 
 barbarous 
 
 Barclay 
 bargained 
 
 barley 
 Barnes 
 
 barrel 
 bath-room 
 
 batiste 
 Baton Rouge 
 
 bearer 
 beautification 
 
 behalf 
 behooves 
 
 believe 
 believers 
 
 beneficial 
 beneficiary 
 
 benefit 
 benevolent 
 
 benzine 
 ' Berkley 
 
 Bernard 
 bespeaking 
 
216 
 
 Bethlehem 
 better 
 
 betterment 
 between 
 
 binder 
 bindery 
 
 binding 
 Bingham 
 
 Binghampton 
 birch 
 
 Birmingham 
 bishop 
 
 bituminous 
 blazoned 
 
 Bloomingdale 
 blue-prints 
 
 board 
 boiler 
 
 Boise City 
 bookseller 
 
 boulevard 
 bounties 
 
 boyhood 
 Bradfield 
 
 Bradford 
 braggart 
 
 Brennon 
 brethren 
 
 bricklayers 
 Bridgeport 
 
 Brighton 
 brilliant 
 
 Bristol 
 British 
 
 Bronson 
 brotherhood 
 
 brutality 
 Bryn Mawr 
 
 GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 Buchanan 
 buckwheat 
 
 . Buenos Ayres 
 Buffalo 
 
 bundled 
 bunker 
 
 Burlington 
 Burns 
 
 Bushman 
 
 Butler 
 
 buzzard 
 
 cabinet 
 calculable 
 
 calculate 
 calculation 
 
 calender 
 calibration 
 
 California 
 Cambridge 
 
 campaign 
 Canada 
 
 Canadian 
 cancel 
 
 capable 
 capacity 
 
 capital 
 capitalist 
 
 captains 
 carbon 
 
 Carbondale 
 carburetor 
 
 carded 
 carelessness 
 
 cargo 
 Carlisle 
 
 carload 
 Carroll 
 
GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 217 
 
 cartage 
 cashier 
 
 cashmere 
 Castner 
 
 catalogue 
 Catharine 
 
 catsup 
 cement 
 
 censure 
 central 
 
 centralization 
 centuries 
 
 cereal 
 certainly 
 
 certificate 
 certified 
 
 challenge 
 challis 
 
 chamber 
 Chamberlain 
 
 Champlain 
 change 
 
 character 
 characteristic 
 
 characterized 
 charge 
 
 Charleston 
 Charlotte 
 
 charter 
 Chattanooga 
 
 cheerfully 
 chestnut 
 
 Chicago 
 children 
 
 Christian 
 cigar 
 
 Cincinnati 
 circuit 
 
 •*. * 
 
 circular 
 circulating 
 
 circulation 
 circumstance 
 
218 
 
 commentary 
 commerce 
 
 commercial 
 commission 
 
 committee 
 commodity 
 
 commonplace 
 commonwealth 
 
 communicate 
 communication 
 
 communion 
 community 
 
 commutators 
 companion 
 
 comparatively 
 compared 
 
 compelled 
 compensate 
 
 competency 
 competition 
 
 competitive 
 competitors 
 
 complacent 
 complaint 
 
 completeness 
 compound 
 
 comprehension 
 comprehensive 
 
 compulsory 
 concentrate 
 
 concentration 
 concern 
 
 concession 
 conclusion 
 
 conclusive 
 conclusively 
 
 Concord 
 concrete 
 
 GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 -£_ 
 
 ? 
 
 *"Z 
 
 ""21 
 
 y 
 
 conductor 
 confederacy 
 
 conference 
 confidence 
 
 confident 
 confirm 
 
 confirmation 
 conflict 
 
 conform 
 congestion 
 
 congratulate 
 Congress 
 
 congressional 
 congressman 
 
 connect 
 Connecticut 
 
 connection 
 conquest 
 
 conscience 
 consciousness 
 
 conscripts 
 consequence 
 
 conservative 
 conserving 
 
 considerably 
 consignment 
 
 consistent 
 consolidated 
 
 consolidation 
 conspicuous 
 
 constantly 
 constituent 
 
 constitute 
 constitutional 
 
 construction 
 constructor 
 
 constructive 
 consular 
 
GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 219 
 
 consumption 
 contemplate 
 
 contemptible 
 continental 
 
 contingency 
 contingent 
 
 continual 
 continually 
 
 continuance 
 continue 
 
 continued 
 continuous 
 
 continuously 
 contracting 
 
 contractor 
 contrary 
 
 contribute 
 contribution- 
 ship 
 contributor 
 convenience 
 
 convenient 
 conversation 
 
 conveyance 
 convict 
 
 cooperation 
 cooperative 
 Cooper-Hewitt 
 Copenhagen 
 
 cordiality 
 cordially 
 
 Cornelius 
 Cornell 
 
 corporation 
 correct 
 
 corrections 
 correctly 
 
 correspondence 
 correspondent 
 
 corresponding- 
 ly 
 corrugated 
 corrugation 
 corrupt 
 
 corruption 
 cosmopolitan 
 
 Council Bluffs 
 counter 
 
 counter-claim 
 courageous 
 
 courteously 
 courtesy 
 
 covenant 
 Covington 
 
 cowardly 
 
 Cranston 
 
 creditably 
 creditors 
 
 crepes 
 criminal 
 
 critical 
 criticism 
 
 critics 
 cross-section 
 
 crusade 
 cultivate 
 
 cultivation 
 culture 
 
 Cumberland 
 curiosity 
 
 curled 
 Curran 
 
 current 
 curtailed 
 
 customer 
 
 custom-house 
 
 cutlery 
 
 cylinder 
 
 cypress 
 
220 
 
 GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 D 
 
 dangerous 
 Daniel 
 
 Darwin 
 Davenport 
 
 David 
 deadening 
 
 dealer 
 decades 
 
 De Casseres 
 deceased 
 
 December 
 decision 
 
 decisiveness 
 decoration 
 
 decorative 
 dedicated 
 
 deduct 
 deduction 
 
 defeat 
 defect 
 
 defective 
 defend 
 
 defendant 
 definite 
 
 definitely 
 deflection 
 
 degradation 
 Delaware 
 
 delegate 
 delegation 
 
 democracy 
 democratic 
 
 demonstrate 
 demonstration 
 
 demoralize 
 demurrage 
 
 Denmark 
 denounce 
 
 Denver 
 department 
 
 dependency 
 deponent 
 
 deposition 
 depreciated 
 
 depreciation 
 descent 
 
 describing 
 description 
 
 descriptive 
 desirous 
 
 Des Moines 
 destination 
 
 destruction 
 destructive 
 
 detached 
 detail 
 
 deterioration 
 determination 
 
 determine 
 devastate 
 
 devastation 
 dovelop 
 
 development 
 devise 
 
 devoted 
 diabolical 
 
 diameter 
 didactically 
 
 digested 
 dignified 
 
 dignity 
 dilemma 
 
 dimensions 
 diminish 
 
GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 221 
 
 diploma 
 direct 
 
 direction 
 directly 
 
 director 
 disability 
 
 disadvantage 
 disappoint 
 
 disappointment 
 disarmament 
 
 disaster 
 disbursement 
 
 discerned 
 discharge 
 
 discontinuing 
 discourage 
 
 discoverable 
 discoverer 
 
 discrepancy 
 disease 
 
 disfigurement 
 dishonest 
 
 disintegrates 
 disinterested 
 
 disposal 
 disposition 
 
 disqualifying 
 disquieting 
 
 disregard 
 disreputable 
 
 disseminate 
 distance 
 
 distillery 
 distinctive 
 
 distinctly 
 distinguished 
 
 distorts 
 distribute 
 
 -?-? 
 
 <? -3 
 
 "7 a X. 
 
 distribution 
 distributor 
 
 District of Co- 
 lumbia 
 disturbed 
 
 <^- 
 
 A 
 
 duplicate 
 dwelling 
 
 Dwyer 
 
 dynasties 
 
 earlier 
 earliest 
 
 earnest 
 earnestness 
 
 earthquake 
 eastern 
 
 economic 
 economical 
 
 economically 
 economy 
 
 editorial 
 educational 
 
 educator 
 Edward 
 
 Edwin 
 effect 
 
222 
 
 GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 effective 
 effectively 
 
 efficacy 
 efficient 
 
 election 
 electric 
 
 electrical 
 electricity 
 
 electrotype 
 elementary 
 
 elements 
 eliminating 
 
 Elizabeth 
 Elmira 
 
 elsewhere 
 Elyria 
 
 emancipation 
 embargoes 
 
 embezzlement 
 Emerson 
 
 eminent 
 emotional 
 
 emotionally 
 emphatic 
 
 Emporia 
 Emporium 
 
 empowers 
 empty 
 
 enactment 
 enameled 
 
 enclosure 
 encountered 
 
 encumbrance 
 endeavor 
 
 endorse 
 endorsers 
 
 endurance 
 energetic 
 
 4 V 
 
 TT-, 
 
 Z 
 
 engagement 
 engineer 
 
 Engleside 
 English 
 
 Englishman 
 enlightenment 
 
 L 
 
 enunciate 
 envelope 
 
 equality 
 equalize 
 
 equip 
 equipment 
 
 equity 
 equivalent 
 
 especially 
 esquire 
 
 essential 
 establish 
 
 establishment 
 estimate 
 
 etc. 
 Europe 
 
 European 
 Evansville 
 
 eventually 
 everlasting 
 
GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 exact 
 exactly 
 
 exam iimtion 
 examined 
 
 example 
 excavation 
 
 exceedingly 
 excellent 
 
 exceptionally 
 exchange 
 
 exclusion 
 exclusive 
 
 exclusively 
 excursion 
 
 execute 
 execution 
 
 executive 
 executor 
 
 exert 
 exhaustive 
 
 exhaustively 
 exhibit 
 
 existence 
 expect 
 
 expectation 
 expedite 
 
 expenditure 
 expense 
 
 experienced 
 experiment 
 
 experimenters 
 expiration 
 
 expired 
 explaining 
 
 explanation 
 exporter 
 
 extension 
 extensive 
 
 <^~-> <S^~2> 
 
 *-<> 3— in 
 
 f f 
 f £~ 
 
 < ^ 
 
 r*± 
 
 *~? 
 
 
 c^—&? 
 
 A-** 
 
 >c 
 
 * 
 
 
 223 
 
 extensively 
 
 extraction 
 
 extraordinary 
 
 facilitate 
 facilities 
 
 factor 
 faculties 
 
 Fairbanks 
 faithfully 
 
 Fall River 
 falsified 
 
 familiar 
 familiarity 
 
 Farquhar 
 fastidious 
 
 fatherhood 
 features 
 
 February 
 federal 
 
 federated 
 federation 
 
 felicitous 
 fellowship 
 
 Fenton 
 Ferguson 
 
 fertilizing 
 feverish 
 
 fidelity 
 figure 
 
 filtration 
 finance 
 
 financial 
 financiers 
 
 finest 
 finish 
 
 Finland 
 fire-proof 
 
224 
 
 GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 first-class 
 fiscal 
 
 fixtures 
 flanneletts 
 
 flashlight 
 Fleisher 
 
 Florida 
 fluctuating 
 
 fluctuation 
 f. o. b. 
 
 Folsom 
 foodstuffs 
 
 foothold 
 foots 
 
 forbid 
 foreclosure 
 
 forefathers 
 forethought 
 
 forever 
 forged 
 
 forgivings 
 forgotten 
 
 formality 
 former 
 
 formerly 
 forthcoming 
 
 fortification 
 fortress 
 
 Fort Smith 
 fortunately 
 
 fortune 
 Fort Wayne 
 
 forward 
 forwardness 
 
 foundation 
 foundry 
 
 fractional 
 Frank 
 
 Franklin 
 Frederick 
 
 Freeport 
 frenzied 
 
 frequency 
 frequent 
 
 frequently 
 friendship 
 
 frugal 
 function 
 
 fundamental 
 furnace 
 
 furnish 
 furniture 
 
 further 
 
 furtherance 
 
 furthermore 
 
 gainful 
 galvanized 
 
 garage 
 Garner 
 
 generating 
 generator 
 
 generosity 
 generous 
 
 Gensel 
 genuine 
 
 geographers 
 geography 
 
 geological 
 George 
 
 Georgia 
 German 
 
 Gessler 
 Gibbons 
 
 Girard 
 Girard Point 
 
GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 225 
 
 Githens 
 Gladstone 
 
 glassware 
 glorious 
 
 Gloucester 
 Goldsboro 
 
 goodselves 
 governmental 
 
 graduate 
 Graham 
 
 grandmother 
 Grand Rapids 
 
 grantee 
 grantor 
 
 granulate 
 gratification 
 
 gratified 
 gratitude 
 
 greater 
 Greensburg 
 
 Greenwich 
 grievances 
 
 grocery 
 guarantee 
 
 guardian 
 guardianship 
 
 Guthrie 
 gymnastic 
 
 H 
 
 half-tone 
 Hamilton 
 
 Hancock 
 handicap 
 
 handle 
 handsome 
 
 Hanneman 
 Hannibal 
 
 happiest 
 Harkins 
 
 Harold 
 Harper 
 
 Harrisburg 
 Hartford 
 
 Harvard 
 Hastings 
 
 Hayward 
 hazard 
 
 hazardous 
 hazel 
 
 headquarters 
 healthier 
 
 hearthstone 
 heavier 
 
 Helena 
 Herald 
 
 Herbert 
 hereafter 
 
 hereditaments 
 hereinafter 
 
 hereof 
 hereunto 
 
 Herman 
 hesitate 
 
 hesitation 
 Hewitt 
 
 high-class 
 Hilton 
 
 Hinckle 
 historical 
 
 history 
 hitherto 
 
 holder 
 Holland 
 
 Holloway 
 honorable 
 
226 
 
 GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 Hotchkiss 
 howsoever 
 
 Huelva 
 humanitarian 
 
 Humphreys 
 hundred 
 
 Hungary 
 Huntington 
 
 hurly-burly 
 
 hustler 
 
 hypocrisy 
 
 Idaho 
 ignition 
 
 ignorance 
 Illinois 
 
 ill-naturedly 
 illumination 
 
 illustration 
 imagine 
 
 immigrate 
 immoral 
 
 immunity 
 impact 
 
 impairs 
 impediment 
 
 impending 
 imperative 
 
 imperfect 
 impel fectly 
 
 import 
 impregnate 
 
 improper 
 impropriety 
 improvement 
 improvidence 
 
 improvident 
 inactivity 
 
 <s~ 
 
 ^ 
 
 -e-?- 
 
 inadequate 
 inappropriate 
 
 inasmuch 
 inaugurate 
 
 incandescent 
 incarnation 
 
 incident 
 incidental 
 
 incinerating 
 inclination 
 
 inclusive 
 income 
 
 incompetent 
 incontestable 
 
 inconvenience 
 inconvenient 
 
 incorporate 
 incumbrance 
 
 indebted 
 indecency 
 
 indefinable 
 indefinite 
 
 indefinitley 
 indenture 
 
 independence 
 independent 
 
 indestructible 
 Indiana 
 
 Indianapolis 
 indicate 
 
 indication 
 indicted 
 
 indiscriminate 
 indispensable 
 
 indisputable 
 individual 
 
 individuality 
 indorse 
 
GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 227 
 
 indorsement 
 indulge 
 
 indulgence 
 industrial 
 
 industrialism 
 industry 
 
 inefficiency 
 inequality 
 
 inevitable 
 inevitably 
 
 inference 
 inferior 
 
 infinite 
 infinitely 
 
 inflammable 
 influential 
 inform 
 ingots 
 
 inhabitant 
 initial 
 
 initiative 
 inquiry 
 
 insert 
 insertion 
 
 insidious 
 inspection 
 
 inspector 
 inspiring 
 
 installation 
 installments 
 
 instantly 
 instinctive 
 
 institute 
 institution 
 
 instruct 
 instruction 
 
 instructive 
 instructor 
 
 ■^> 
 
 ^> 
 
 5 
 
 7 
 
 v 
 
 a — i cr~^ 
 
 / 
 
 V 
 
 
 & /* 
 
 instrument 
 insufficient 
 
 insurance 
 integrity 
 
 intellectual 
 intellectually 
 intelligence 
 intelligent 
 
 intend 
 intense 
 
 intent 
 intention 
 interchange 
 interchangea- 
 ble 
 
 interchangea- 
 bly 
 interest 
 
 interior 
 international 
 
 interoceanic 
 interpretation 
 
 interstate 
 interurban 
 
 interview 
 intimate 
 
 introduce 
 introduction 
 
 introductory 
 invaluable 
 
 invariably 
 inventor 
 
 investigate 
 investigation 
 
 investment 
 inviolable 
 
 involved 
 involves 
 
 Iowa 
 Irish 
 
228 
 
 GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 ironstone 
 irregular 
 
 irregularity 
 irregularly 
 
 irreparable 
 irrespective 
 
 irrevocable 
 irrigation 
 
 islands 
 
 isthmian 
 
 isthmus 
 
 Jacksonville 
 January 
 
 Japan 
 Japanese 
 
 jealousy 
 Jefferson 
 
 Jefferson City 
 Jennings 
 
 Jersey City 
 Johnson 
 
 Johnstown 
 journal 
 
 judicial 
 judiciary 
 
 Juggernaut 
 junior 
 
 jurisdiction 
 justification 
 justify 
 
 K 
 
 Kansas 
 Kansas City 
 
 Kentucky 
 Kimball 
 
 Kincade 
 kindly 
 
 kindred 
 Kingsley 
 
 Kittredge 
 Knickerbocker 
 
 knowledge 
 Knoxville 
 
 laboratory 
 Lakewood 
 
 Lancaster 
 Langley 
 
 Lansing 
 larded 
 
 lastly 
 Lawrence 
 
 lawyers 
 leadership 
 
 learned 
 leather 
 
 Leavenworth 
 Lebanon 
 
 lecture 
 lecturer 
 
 legislation 
 legislative 
 
 legislator 
 legislature 
 
 legitimate 
 legitimately 
 
 leniency 
 Leonard 
 
 lessening 
 lethargy 
 
 Lewiston 
 Lexington 
 
 liability 
 liberality 
 
GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 229 
 
 libraries 
 lightning 
 
 likelihood 
 Lincoln 
 
 linens 
 liquidation 
 
 Litchford 
 literary 
 
 literature 
 Livingston 
 
 loathsome 
 locality 
 
 Longaker 
 Longstreth 
 
 Lorimer 
 Los Angeles 
 
 Louisiana 
 Louisville 
 
 lumber 
 luxuries 
 
 Lykens 
 Lynchburg 
 
 M 
 
 MacAllister 
 macaroni 
 
 machinery 
 MacKellar 
 
 mackerel 
 magazine 
 
 Magellan 
 magicians 
 
 magneto 
 magnitude 
 
 maintain 
 maintenance 
 
 majority 
 Mallory 
 
 manager 
 managerial 
 
 Manchester 
 manifestation 
 
 manifests 
 manifold 
 
 Mansfield 
 manual 
 
 manufacture 
 manufacturer 
 
 manuscript 
 Margaret 
 
 margin 
 maritime 
 
 marketable 
 Martin 
 
 marvelously 
 Maryland 
 
 Massachusetts 
 mastery 
 
 material 
 materially 
 
 Matlack 
 
 mature 
 
 maturity 
 maximum 
 
 Maxwell 
 McCall 
 
 McCawley 
 McDonnell 
 
 McLaughlin 
 McVey 
 
 mechanical 
 mechanics 
 
 mechanism 
 medical 
 
 medicine 
 mediums 
 
230 
 
 GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 membership 
 memorandum 
 
 memorials 
 menagerie 
 
 Menker 
 mercantile 
 
 merchandise 
 merchant 
 
 mercury 
 
 Merrill 
 
 messuage 
 Middleton 
 
 Middletown 
 military 
 
 Millard 
 milli-voltmeter 
 
 Milwaukee 
 minimum 
 
 minute 
 miraculous 
 
 mirror 
 miscellaneous 
 
 mischief 
 misfortune 
 
 misgivings 
 misjudgment 
 
 Mississippi 
 mistake 
 
 mistaken 
 Mitchell 
 
 modern 
 mohair 
 
 monograph 
 monopoly 
 
 Montana 
 Montgomery 
 
 Montreal 
 morally 
 
 national 
 nationalization 
 
GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 231 
 
 New England 
 
 New Hamp- 
 shire 
 New Haven 
 New Jersey 
 
 Newlin 
 New London 
 
 New Mexico 
 New Orleans 
 
 Newport 
 Newport News 
 
 New York 
 Niagara 
 
 Nicaragua 
 nitroglycerine 
 
 Norcross 
 Norfolk 
 
 normal 
 Norristown 
 
 North Carolina 
 North Dakota 
 
 northern 
 northward 
 
 northwest 
 northwestern 
 
 Norton 
 Norwalk 
 
 Norway 
 notification 
 
 notify 
 
 notwithstand- 
 ing 
 
 novelties 
 
 November 
 
 nowadays 
 
 obligation 
 obliteration 
 
 observable 
 observation 
 
 observer 
 obtainable 
 
 obvious 
 obviously 
 
 occupation 
 October 
 
 offender 
 officer 
 
 official 
 O. K. 
 
 Oklahoma 
 oldest 
 
 Omaha 
 omnipresent 
 
 operation 
 operator 
 
 opinion 
 opponents 
 
 oppressive 
 orators 
 
 ordinarily 
 ordinary 
 
 ordnance 
 organdies 
 
 organizations 
 original 
 
 originality 
 originally 
 
 ornamental 
 orphans 
 
 otherwise 
 outfit 
 
 outskirt 
 outspoken 
 
 outstanding 
 over-cultivate 
 
 overdraft 
 overdrawn 
 
232 
 
 GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 overestimating 
 overhauling 
 
 overlooked 
 overtax 
 
 overvaluing 
 ownership 
 
 paints 
 pamphlet 
 
 panacea 
 Panama 
 
 Pan-American 
 paradoxical 
 
 Parkersburg 
 Parkhurst 
 
 parson 
 partiality 
 
 partially 
 participating 
 
 partisan 
 partnership 
 
 Parvin 
 Pasadena 
 
 passenger 
 passionate 
 
 Paterson 
 patient 
 
 patriotism 
 Patterson 
 
 pavement 
 pawnshop 
 
 pearl 
 peculation 
 
 peculiar 
 penetrate 
 
 penetrating 
 Pennsylvania 
 
 ^ 
 
 o^L^ U*_ 
 
 Penrose 
 Pensacola 
 
 pensions 
 Peoria 
 
 percales 
 perceives 
 
 percentage 
 perfect 
 
 perfectly 
 perform 
 
 performance 
 perhaps 
 
 perilous 
 periodical 
 
 periods 
 Perkins 
 
 permanent 
 permanently 
 
 permeates 
 perpetual 
 
 persecution 
 Persia 
 
 persistence 
 persists 
 
 personal 
 personality 
 
 personally 
 personnel 
 
 pertaining 
 pertinent 
 
 pervades 
 pessimist 
 
 pestilence 
 Petersburg 
 
 Philadelphia 
 philosopher 
 
 philosophy 
 Phoenix 
 
GBEGG VOCABULARY 
 
 233 
 
 phosphor 
 phosphorous 
 
 photographers 
 photogravures 
 
 physical 
 picture 
 
 Pierre 
 pilgrims 
 
 pioneer 
 Pittsburgh 
 
 planter 
 plasterers 
 
 plastering 
 platform 
 
 plotting 
 plutocracy 
 
 Pocahontas 
 pointer 
 
 poise 
 policy-holders 
 
 political 
 politician 
 
 politics 
 popular 
 
 portable 
 portion 
 
 Portland 
 Porto Rico 
 
 Port Reading 
 Port Richmond 
 
 Portsmouth 
 positively 
 
 possession 
 possibility 
 
 postage 
 postmaster 
 
 postpone 
 potent 
 
 potentialities 
 Pottsville 
 
 Poughkeepsie 
 practicable 
 
 practical 
 practically 
 
 prepare 
 presentments 
 
 prevention 
 preventive 
 
 primaries 
 primarily 
 
 Princeton 
 privilege 
 
 probability 
 probably 
 
 procedure 
 proceedings 
 
 proceeds 
 production 
 
 productive 
 profession 
 
234 
 
 professional 
 professor 
 
 profitable 
 program 
 
 progress 
 progressive 
 
 projectile 
 prominent 
 
 prominently 
 promiscuous 
 
 promoters 
 promptly 
 
 pronounced 
 proofreading 
 
 propeller 
 proper 
 
 properly 
 property 
 
 prophets 
 proportion 
 
 proposal 
 proposition 
 
 propounded 
 propulsion 
 
 prospect 
 prosper 
 
 prosperity 
 protect 
 
 protection 
 protective 
 
 prothonotary 
 protract 
 
 proverb 
 providence 
 
 province 
 provision 
 
 prowess 
 public 
 
 GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 O-T^ 
 
 
 "3 -? 
 
 *~? 
 
 2 s 
 
 TT 
 
 publication 
 publicity 
 
 publish 
 publisher 
 
 punctuation 
 purchase 
 
 purchaser 
 purpose 
 
 pursuant 
 
 pursue 
 
 pursuit 
 
 qualification 
 qualifying 
 
 quality 
 quantity 
 
 quarry 
 quarter 
 
 quarterly 
 Quebec 
 
 question 
 quick 
 
 quickly 
 Quimby 
 
 quintessence 
 quotation 
 
 radically 
 rancor 
 
 random 
 Ratchford 
 
 ratify 
 ravage 
 
 readjusting 
 realization 
 
 realize 
 realty 
 
GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 235 
 
 recalibration 
 recall 
 
 recently 
 recipient 
 
 reciprocate 
 recklessly 
 
 reclamation 
 recompense 
 
 reconsideration 
 recorder 
 
 recreation 
 rectifier 
 
 rectifying 
 recuperate 
 
 recurrence 
 redemption 
 
 reduction 
 refinement 
 
 reflect 
 reflection 
 
 refreshing 
 refused 
 
 regret 
 regular 
 
 regularly 
 regulated 
 
 regulating 
 regulation 
 
 rehearsed 
 reimbursed 
 
 reinforced 
 reinstate 
 
 reinstatement 
 reiterate 
 
 relapse 
 relations 
 
 relationship 
 relatively 
 
 
 ^? 
 
 ^^r 
 
 relax 
 relaxation 
 
 relays 
 released 
 
 relevant 
 reliable 
 
 relief 
 relieve 
 
 remarkable 
 remarkably 
 
 reminder 
 remittance 
 
 remuneration 
 rendered 
 
 renewal 
 Renshaw 
 
 rental 
 repairs 
 
 repeatedly 
 repentance 
 
 represent 
 representation 
 
 representative 
 reprints 
 
 reproduction 
 republic 
 
 republican 
 reputable 
 
 request 
 requirement 
 
 requisite 
 requisition 
 
 research 
 resentment 
 
 reserves 
 reservoirs 
 
 resistance 
 resolute 
 
236 
 
 resolvent 
 resources 
 
 respect 
 respectfully 
 
 respective 
 responsibilities 
 
 responsible 
 restrained 
 
 restrictions 
 results 
 
 resumed 
 retirement 
 
 return ~ 
 revelation 
 
 Revere 
 reverts 
 
 revival 
 revocation 
 
 revolt 
 rewrite 
 
 Rhode Island 
 Richard 
 
 Richardson 
 ridiculous 
 
 righteousness 
 rightly 
 
 Riverside 
 Robinson 
 
 Rochester 
 Rockwell 
 
 Rosenblack 
 Rotterdam 
 
 roughly 
 roundings 
 
 runabout 
 
 Russell 
 
 Russian 
 
 GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 *? 
 
 >0" 
 
 -y^ 
 
 &_^*_f <i — try 
 
 X- 
 
 *~ s. 
 
 -7 
 
 sacrificing 
 safeguarding 
 
 safeguards 
 salaried 
 
 salaries 
 
 Salt Lake City 
 
 San Antonio 
 sanctuary 
 
 San Francisco 
 Santa Fe 
 Sargent 
 satisfaction 
 
 satisfactorily 
 satisfactory 
 
 scandal 
 scarcely 
 
 schedule 
 Schenectady 
 
 scholarships 
 science 
 
 scientific 
 Scotland 
 
 Scranton 
 seaboard 
 
 season 
 Seattle 
 
 seclusion 
 secondary 
 
 secondly 
 secretary 
 
 secretaryship 
 secure 
 
 security 
 sedentary 
 
 select 
 self-control 
 
 self-government 
 selfishness 
 
GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 237 
 
 self-preserva- 
 tion 
 self-respect 
 
 semi-public 
 senators 
 
 sensational 
 sensationalists 
 
 sensible 
 sensitiveness 
 
 sentence 
 sentimental 
 
 separate 
 separator 
 
 September 
 serenity 
 
 shareholders 
 Shearer 
 
 Sheffield 
 shelves 
 
 sheriffs 
 shield 
 
 shipyard 
 short 
 
 shortage 
 shorter 
 
 shortest 
 shorthand 
 
 short-leaf 
 shortsighted 
 
 serious 
 service 
 
 *-r ?7 
 
 serviceable 
 settlement 
 
 
 severally 
 severalty 
 
 severity 
 shafting 
 
 t* 
 
 Shakespeare 
 shallow 
 
 f2 ^ 
 
 £w 
 
 ^f 
 
 L& 
 
 6 
 
 i_ z 
 
 J 
 
 ^ 
 
 shovel 
 Shreveport 
 
 shrewd 
 sidewalk 
 
 signal 
 signature 
 
 significance 
 significant 
 
 silkaline 
 Simpson 
 
 sincere 
 sincerely 
 
 sincerity 
 singular 
 
 situation 
 skilfully 
 
 slightingly 
 slower 
 
 sluggishness 
 social 
 
 socialism 
 society 
 
 sociologist 
 sociology 
 
 sockets 
 soldered 
 
 solicitor 
 somehow 
 
 sometime 
 South Amboy 
 
 South Carolina 
 South Dakota 
 
 southeast 
 southern 
 
 southward 
 southwestern 
 
 souvenir 
 
 specialists 
 
238 
 
 GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 specialties 
 specific 
 
 specifically 
 specification 
 
 specified 
 speculate 
 
 speculation 
 speculative 
 
 spinach 
 spirit 
 
 spiritual 
 splendor 
 
 spontaneous 
 sporadic 
 
 Springfield 
 spurious 
 
 squander 
 squire 
 
 stammer 
 stamped 
 
 standard 
 standpoint 
 
 start 
 statistical 
 
 statute 
 
 St. Augustine 
 
 stay-bolt 
 steadiest 
 
 steamboat 
 stenographer 
 
 Stenton 
 Sterling 
 
 stevedoring 
 Stevenson 
 
 stimulating 
 stipple 
 
 stipulate 
 St. Joseph 
 
 ? s 
 
 ■y^*^ 
 
 x^ ^ 
 
 j^r^ . 
 
 (^ 
 
 St. Louis 
 stockholders 
 
 stop-over 
 storage 
 
 straightened 
 strategic 
 
 strengthen 
 stretchers 
 
 strongest 
 structure 
 
 struggle 
 student 
 
 subcommittee 
 subordinated 
 
 subscribe 
 subscribers 
 
 subscription 
 subsidence 
 
 subsidiary 
 subsidies 
 
 subsidizing 
 substantial 
 
 substantially 
 substitute 
 
 substitution 
 successful 
 
 successfully 
 sufficient 
 
 sufficiently 
 sugar 
 
 sulphur 
 superintendent 
 
 superior 
 superstition 
 
 supervision 
 supplement 
 
 supplemental 
 support 
 
GHEGG VOCABULARY 
 
 239 
 
 supremacy 
 surety 
 
 surpassed 
 surplus 
 
 surprise 
 surprising' y 
 
 surrender 
 surround 
 
 surviving 
 susceptible 
 
 suspending 
 suspiciously 
 
 sustained 
 swan 
 
 swarm 
 
 Sweden 
 
 Swinton 
 
 switch 
 
 sworn 
 syndicate 
 
 Syracuse 
 systematic 
 
 tactful 
 taffeta 
 
 tangible 
 tantalum 
 
 tapestry 
 taxation 
 
 Taylor 
 technical 
 
 technology 
 tedious 
 
 telegrams 
 telephone 
 
 tenant 
 tendency 
 
 As* 
 
 J f 
 
 y^P Oo 
 
 /^~*a 
 
 tenure 
 terminal 
 
 territory 
 testament 
 
 testimony 
 text-book 
 
 Thackeray 
 thanksgiving 
 
 thenceforth 
 thereafter 
 
 thereof 
 thickness 
 
 thistle 
 Thomasville 
 
 thorough 
 thoroughly 
 
 threaten 
 ticket-seller 
 
 tidewater 
 tillage 
 
 timidity 
 tolerate 
 
 toleration 
 tombstone 
 
 topography 
 Toronto 
 
 totally 
 traditional 
 
 traffic 
 transaction 
 
 transfer 
 transform 
 
 transient 
 transit 
 
 transition 
 transmit 
 
240 
 
 GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 transportation 
 treasurer 
 
 tremendous 
 Trenton 
 
 tribunal 
 truthful 
 
 tungsten 
 turn-table 
 
 turpentine 
 
 typewriting 
 
 typhoid 
 
 u 
 
 ultimate 
 ultimo 
 
 unacquainted 
 unambitious 
 
 unanimous 
 unavoidable 
 
 uncertainty 
 uncommonly 
 
 underground 
 underlying 
 
 underneath 
 understand 
 
 understood 
 undertake 
 
 undertaken 
 underwent 
 
 underwriters 
 undoubtedly 
 
 unequalled 
 unescapable 
 
 unfaithfulness 
 unfortunately 
 
 unharmed 
 unhealthful 
 
 uniform 
 uniformly 
 
 C? O 
 
 uninspiring 
 united 
 
 unity 
 universal 
 
 university 
 unmistakable 
 
 unmitigated 
 unmounted 
 
 unprecedented 
 unreasonable 
 
 unsatisfactory 
 unsectarian 
 
 unsettled 
 unskilled 
 
 unsymmetrical 
 unsympathetic 
 
 unusual 
 unusually 
 
 upholding 
 urbanity 
 
 urged 
 urgent 
 
 urgently 
 usefulness 
 
 Utah 
 utensils 
 
 Utica 
 utility 
 utilizing 
 
 vagrancy 
 validated 
 
 validating 
 valueless 
 
 Vanderbilt 
 Vandergrift 
 
 various 
 vaudeville 
 
GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 241 
 
 vegetables 
 vehicle 
 
 Vernon 
 verticle 
 
 vice-president 
 vicinity 
 
 Vicksburg 
 victor 
 
 victorious 
 vigorous 
 
 Vincent 
 vinegar 
 
 vineyard 
 violence 
 
 Virginia 
 Virginia City 
 
 virtually 
 visible 
 
 visibly 
 visitor 
 
 vitality 
 vivified 
 
 voice-culture 
 voltmeter 
 
 volume 
 
 voluntary 
 
 vouchers 
 
 W 
 
 Wabash 
 Walter 
 
 warrant 
 Warren 
 
 wash-easy 
 Washington 
 
 Watertown 
 Watkins 
 
 Waved y 
 waybill 
 
 L^L^^ 
 
 7 7 
 
 2 r 
 
 2/ ?*/ 
 
 Q_^ Q_^o- 
 
 ,, <—?> 
 
 '%J> 
 
 ^ 
 
 welcome 
 western 
 
 West Indian 
 westward 
 
 Wharton 
 wheeled 
 
 whereof 
 whereon 
 
 Whitman 
 wholesale 
 
 whomsoever 
 whosoever 
 
 wilderness 
 Wilkes- Barre 
 
 Williamsport 
 Wilmington 
 
 «/ 
 
 withdrawing 
 withdrawn 
 
 Worcester 
 work-a-day 
 
 workingmen 
 workmanship 
 
 worst 
 wound 
 
242 
 
 GREGG VOCABULARY 
 
 yard 
 yarns 
 
 yesterday 
 
 yield 
 
 Yonkers 
 
 y 
 
 
 York 
 
 ^r~* 6^~ 
 
 Youngstown 
 
 " 
 
 z 
 
 .5 
 
 Zanesville 
 
JUL 18 1907