LD ACTS FOR FRESHMEN CONCERNING The University of Illinois Facts For Freshmen CONCERNING The University of Illinois INTENDED FOR YOUNG MEN ABOUT TO ENTER COLLEGE BY THOMAS ARKLE CLARK Dean of Men PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY 1920 r LIBRARY OF CONO'^r* OCT 181322 DOCUMeNTSDlV.St). 1 Foreword This little book is intended primarily for young men who are entering or who have entered the University of Illinois. It is hoped that it will make them better acquainted with the history, the customs, and the life ot the institution, and that it will give them help and information for which they might often hesitate to ask. INDEX Getting Started 7 Choosing a Course 11 The Problem of Living 20 The Freshman in College 28 Class Attendance 41 College Activities 44 Class Organization 59 Historical Sketch 62 The Organization of the University 72 The Campus and University Buildings 74 Miscellaneous Information 75 Calendar 80 Getting Started Presuming that you have decided to enter the University of Illinois, that you are a graduate of an accredited high school, and do not need to take entrance examinations, that you have chosen your course, and that you have a permit from the Registrar to enter the college you have selected, there are still a few directions which it might be well at the outset to give attention to. You can come into Champaign or Urbana by the Illinois Central, the Big Four, or the Wabash railroads, or by the Illinois Traction System. Whichever way you may come, a local electric car will land you at the University grounds within a few minutes. You will be met at or on the train in the fall by all sorts of commis- saries or representatives, each of whom will offer to conduct you about, and will at the same time solicit your patronage of his boarding club or lodging house, or other particular pet scheme. Go slowly; look around a little. As to the choice of a lodging place, 1. Be sure that your room is clean, sanitary, well heated, and well lighted. 2. Do not take a room without making a definite contract, and it will be better if this is in writing. 3. Do not make a contract for more than one semes- ter, and it is better for you, though not for your landlady, that your agreement be such that you can give up the room at the end of any month if it does not prove satisfactory. 4. Be sure that the mattress is satisfactory, that the bedding is clean, and that the linen will be changed at least once a week. 5. The fewer lodgers there are in the house the better. 8 U>^IVEBSITY OF ILLINOIS 6. Have a definite understanding as to whether or not you are to pay for vacations. 7. Do not have more than two men in a room. As to getting registered. 1. If you have obtained a permit to register before coming to the University, go first to the oflace of the Dean of your college. 2. If you have not obtained a permit, go first to the oflace of the Registrar. 3. At the oflace of the Dean of your college you will be given help and specific directions for register- ing. Follow these carefully, and ask questions if you are in doubt. 4. Fill out carefully the coupon blank given you and be sure that on the part you retain for your own reference you have the instructors' names and the num'bers of the recitation rooms. 5. After having turned in your study list you can not change a subject or drop a course without the approval of the Assistant Dean of your college. 6. Class attendance is supposed to begin at once and to be regular. 7. Students are not expected to cut class at all. 8. You will be measured for your military suit and be given a physical examination at some time during the week of registration. As to the management o/ your money. 1. Open a bank account at once, even if you have little money; it will establish your credit and teach you business methods. 2. Set out to live within your income; don't borrow or go into debt. 3. Never draw a check without money in the bank, and always draw from the same check book, using numbered checks. 4. Don't join everything. The Athletic Association and the Y. M. C. A. are good. Join the Hospital Association whether you can afford it or not. FACTS FOB FRESHMEN 4. Don't buy everything that is offered for sale, or subscribe for everything that is published. 5. Take the Illini and other college publications if you can afford them, for they keep you in touch with college life. 6. Don't pledge yourself to a fraternity until you have had a little time to look around and to study the fellows who may ask you; you can always have time if you insist upon it. As to general suggestions. 1. If you wish to drop a subject after registration do it regularly through the oflace of the Dean of your college. If you "cut" out of it you are very likely to get into serious trouble. 2. If you want information or advice of any sort cail at the office of the Dean of Men. 3. Don't select a physician except upon the advice of some reliable University officer. 4. Begin to study as soon as your lessons are assigned, and try to put in four hours a day. As to getting a job. 1. Don't try to work your way unless you must, and don't do it then unless you have more than average ability, concentration, and physical strength. 2. You should be on hand a week before the University opens if you want to be sure of a job. 3. Go first for suggestions to the Y. M. C. A. or to the office of the Dean of Men, and then strike out for yourself. You can get a job if you keep at it. 4. Washing dishes, waiting table, and tending fur- naces, are the jobs most easily obtainable by fresh- men. 5. You must see to it that your study schedule and your outside work do not conflict. 6. If such a conflict arises see the Assistant Dean of your college or the Dean of Men. 10 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 7. If you have to work for more than your board; you should seldom carry a full schedule of studies 8. If you get a job, no matter how menial or insig- nificant it may be, do it as well as possible. You may want another some day. Choosing a Course When a young man announces to his friends that he is going to college, the first question he is likely to be asked is "What are you going to study for?" And when he goes home at Christmas time the first query with which he will be confronted is "What are you studying for?" Education, at least in the minds of the majority of people is for an object; looks forward to a definite future. There are a number of high school graauates, no doubt, who should not go to college; those who do not care for books or study, those who have no Some Not intellectual outlook or ambitions, those Fitted for who have heavy home obligations, those College who are shiftless or lazy, or those whose ambitions are chiefly to make money quickly, those who have little money and less talent, and the morally and physically weak — all these, or the most of them, at least, would often be better off if they went immediately to work rather than to waste their own time, and the time of every one with whom they associate, in trying to carry a college course. Some must still toil with their hands, and reach success or failure without the training of books and why not these? As matters are now, there are certain professions into which one is not likely successfully to enter without a college education. It is true that in the Some- Profes- past men have often made a success in sions Require the ministry, in teaching, in law, in College Training medicine, in scientific investigations, and in engineering, without the exact and rigid training which college offers, and it is also true that men sometimes will still reach distinction in these lines of work without such training, but the number is growing gradually smaller. If one is to distinguish himself in any one of these lines he will do so most readily by giving himself the most thorough college training possible. The choice of a profession, of a college course, should 11 12 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS not be dependent, as it too often is, upon either chance or associations. In choosing a course from Individual the long list of courses which the Uni- Should Choose versity offers the decision should be left very largely to you as an individual. The work you are to follow you should yourself select. Your father and mother may express preferences, your teachers and friends may give advice, but after all it is you who are to live the life, and do the work, and succeed or fail. You should listen to the advice, and have regard for the preferences, but you should not be dominated by them. First of all you should determine the sort of work for which you are best fitted. You will be helped in this self-analysis by studying your work in Personal the high school, and determining from Fitness this what you have done most success- Necessary fully. Your friends and teachers will be able to help you in this regard, though they may sometimes be prejudiced in your favor, and decide that you can do a thing well because they desire you to do it well. If you do not enjoy mathematics, and if you get on with difficulty in these subjects, you are not likely to be a successful engineer; if literature and language do not appeal to you, and if you have little imagination or love of the beautiful, you should not elect to be either a poet or an architect; if you have been awk- ward and unsuccessful in the chemical or biological laboratory you should in all probability not make science your major subject. Besides studying your own fitness for a course of study, your choice may very well be influenced by what you like. If you like your work you will Choose What go at it with more energy and enthusiasm You Lake than if it were distasteful to you, and so you will be very much more likely than otherwise to do it well. No matter how admirably we may be situated in the work in which we are engaged, there will come regularly the difficult, or the unexpected situa- FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 13 tion. There are always unpleasant tasks in whatever business we may be engaged, and if we have no love for our work, if it does not interest us, if we can not come to it each day with exhilaration and joy, then we are indeed unfortunate. Do not choose a course of study simply because it seems in itself desirable. Scores of students fail in tech- nical courses for the reason that they have chosen their course of study on its merits without determining their personal fitness to pursue such a course. No course of study, no matter how well planned it may be, is a good one for you unless you have some special fitness for it. Neither should you choose your course of study on the principle that the best course is the one that leads im- mediately to the most remunerative position. Your future success does not depend upon the course you take, but upon your own talents and especially upon your preparation and fitness to fill an important place. There are always opportunities for those who are thoroughly prepared to take advantage of them. A good many students choose a course of study because it seems easier than another, or because it may be completed within a somewhat shorter time. Such a method is a very foolish one. Often the best course is the most difficult, and the one which takes the longest time to complete. If you have to work for your living in college you will usually show judgment if you do not plan to complete your work within the four years. A year more or less does not matter, provided you have done your work well. You are not likely to earn your living, and do in the same time creditably the work to which other students have all their time to devote. You will be sensible to take another year. There are certain mental and moral traits, no doubt, which are necessary to success in any line. It is quite conceivable that in order to get on as a Other Traits president of a great railroad system, or Necessary as a coal heaver, one should have energy. Industry, also, is necessary, no matter what we are trying to accomplish. Integrity, persistence^ 14 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS application, self-confidence within limits are all required if one is to succeed in the most exalted positions or at the humblest tasks. If after you have entered upon a course chosen in all good faith, it comes to you that you have made an unwise choice, and are attempting something for Don't Be Afraid which you are not fitted, and for which to Change you have no liking, do not hesitate to change. Finish the semester you have begun, and do your work energetically, and as well as you can. It is quite likely that the work you are carrying will apply as electives on another course you may choose, but even if this is not true you will not want to show yourself a ''quitter'' in the midst of a game, and you will not be so likely to secure permission to change to a second course if you have not done your best in the first one. In choosing a course of study at a state institution like the University of Illinois, which is supported by the people of the State, you should do so not only Service to with an idea of what is best suited to the State your own talents and tastes, and of what will bring you the most gratifying financial returns, but you should have in mind, also, in making your choice that which will give you an opportunity for service to the state. Your education will cost the State of Illinois many times the amount which you will in fees pay to the institution. You are to pay this back by good citizenship; by doing creditably whatever work you elect to do; by doing it better than other people do it, and better than you yourself would have been able to do without the training you are to receive. When you choose your course, and when you are pursuing your course you should not lose sight of this fact. Every year there seem to be more and more young men who want to go to college, but who are at sea as to what sort of work to take. They do not know just what each particular course prepares a man to do, and they too often drop into something for which they are not fitted FACTS FOE FEESH3IEN 15 just because some friend has suggested that it is a "good course to take." Now, any course is a good one if the student shows fitness for it and interest in it. The courses in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences are to prepare one for a profession or to give him general training. Those persons who take these Liberal Arts courses go into teaching, or later take up and Sciences the work of medicine, or the ministry, or law. Those who have facility in writing, who enjoy the study of English and other languages, who read rapidly and speak correctly, should go into this col- lege. Those who enjoy science and who wish to find their work in the practical application of science may have a chance in the study of physics, chemistry, and other special or technical courses. The student who later expects to study medicine will also find his preliminary training in science and literature in this college. The courses in the College of Commerce and Business Administration are primarily to prepare the student for business life, and by this is meant busi- Commerce and ness in the highest sense. If one is lo Business do well the work of this college he must Administration be systematic and exact. He must have a good address and must be able to develop association with men easily. This college offers work in Banking, in Insurance, in Accountancy, in Transportation, in Foreign Commerce, and it prepares students for positions as teachers or as Com- mercial and Civic Secretaries. The student entering upon an engineering course should understand that he is taking the initial step leading to an exacting profession. Skill of hand Engineering is desirable, but not essential, though skill of hand alone will not make an engi- neer. The engineer's activities are based chiefly upon intellectual qualities and attainments. The man does well as an engineer who understands the facts of practice and who is able to adapt these facts to his peculiar problems. The student who has fair ability, and a willingness to 16 UNIVEESITY OF ILLINOIS work, may achieve success as an engineer. Some taste for mathematics is a prerequisite, and in any case success in the mathematical work of a chosen course is absolutely essential. The boy brought up on a farm, with a training received in the country, and with land of his own, or a chance to get land, should find his life work on the Agidculture farm unless he can give a more than ordinarily good reason for doing other- wise. Men who like the free, independent, open life of the country, who enjoy working out of doors, who like animals, who take pleasure in nature, will find boundless oppor- tunities in agriculture. It is interesting to note that half the students who come to the University College of Agri- culture have not been brought up on a farm, and do not come from the farm, but from the towns and cities. Some of these men do not intend to become farmers, but expect to be bankers, business men, scientists, and they realize how closely these other interests are connected with scientific agriculture. The courses in agriculture at the University offer a sufficient variety of special lines to adapt themselves to the tastes and talents of the individual. One can not grad- uate without some special training nor without having done some work to broaden his intellectual outlook. The major work of the college is done in five departments, — Agronomy, Animal Husbandry, Dairy Husbandry, Horti- culture, and Household Science. The last of these fur- nishefe training for young women in the science and art of household affairs and home making, as well as prepares teachers of domestic science in the schools. Men are not, however, excluded from these courses. Whether a man specializes in Agronomy, Animal Husbandry, Dairy Hus- bandry, or Horticulture should be determined by his tastes, his probable location after graduation, and his opportuni- ties to go into one sort of work or another. The student with a farm of his own should be guided largely by what is possible or best to do with that farm. Regular students entering the College of Law are now required to obtain one or two years of general college FACTS FOE FRESHMEN 17 credit before they are admitted. Students Law twenty-one years of age, or over, may be admitted as special students, but are not eligible for a degree. Those who study law to acquaint themselves with its principles as a part of a general edu- cation, without any intention of going into the practice of the profession, are increasing in number, but the qualifica- tions for success on the part of these are not materially different from those qualifications required for the success- ful pursuit of a general education. The student who takes up the study of law for the purpose of later engaging in the practice of law as a pro- fession should have a mind capable of logical analysis. He must be able to apply legal reasoning to the solution of the question submitted to him or he will fail as a lawyer. He must have the ability to think independently, to reason accurately. The law student should be of a practical turn of mind; he should be of so practical a turn of mind that he can get away from old worn-out precedents, and at the same time not try to demolish the entire structure of legal machinery. The idealist, the extremist, the socialist should not try to be a lawyer. The law student should have the power of ready ex- pression, both in writing and in speech. This ability is, of course, largely a matter of cultivation, but there should be some natural talent, especially if the student is ambitious to succeed as an advocate. He must have a guarded tongue, however. The lawyer who talks too much, or too freely, does not inspire confidence. If it is hard for the student to keep a close mouth, if he has a natural prone- ness to throw open his windows and expose his furniture, then he should not take up the profession of law. Above all the young man who enters the study of law with a view to practicing the profession should have the instincts of honesty in a high degree. There is no pro- fession in which the temptations to dishonesty, and the opportunities to commit fraud are greater than in the legal profession; and yet the success that is attained by IS ^^■ITI:BSITT of rLLi>"ois sharp practice, cunning, and misrepresentaiion. is of short life. The brilliant lawyer with a low sense of honor never attains a high standing in his profession. The crook is out of place in the law. A great many people advise the youn? man not to go into the law. for the reason, as they say. that there are too many lawyers. No other profession oner- ~iier oppor- tunities for adv:^z:r:rent and influence to young men of integrity, ability, and industry. Even at the outset the well-trained man may make a living, and will not need to "starve for ten years'" as "":,5 Lnir ^::.:;I to be expected. Thr ^:-.:::fn: who takes i:p zh^ "::"_: of the librarian should be nieiiiiniical. adaptable. lorceiul. tactful, and care- ful of his appearance, since he will regu- Library Science larly have to meet people in a business way. and mus: br o?: ' '^ " ':ing busi- ness with the young and the eld. :ne c^^.:.:-^ and the illiterate. The successful librarian is an orga^nizer, and an administrator. The ■laiyl'rie" mrn nrsd not apply for a job as ^'^ ian. Ke may na: vri^ely ' ^ " " rmatic in his views, c_. _r must be able to think :_: . .niself, and to stand on his own feet. The librarian must know about books rather than to be a lover of books, or even a reader of books. There is a saying that "The librarian who reads is dead."" which means that the up-a;-aa:e librarian is too busy to find time to read books, he must know what is iu them without reading them. Students who apply for admission to the Library School must present credentials showing that they possess a bachelor"s degree either from the University, or from some other approved college. The Library course is two ye-ars in length, and covers all phases of practical and technical Library- work. The fact that the School is located in the University library is of inestimable value to students. The demand for men as librarians, and as heads of departments in libraries is constantly increasing, with little likelihood of its being supplied. The oc-cupation is a pleasant one, which gives a man an immediate social FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 19 Standing in the community in whicn he is employed. The life is independent, the hours are reasonable, and the remuneration satisfactory. The courses offered in the School of Music may very profitably form a part of a good general education. If, however, a student hopes to make music Music a profession, and from its practice to earn a living, or to accomplish something of distinction, he should hesitate about going into it unless he has demonstrated pretty thoroughly that he has more than commonplace musical ability in one direction or another. Few professions are more exacting or demand greater genius or more persistent practice through many years. With fair skill, however, and a willingness to work, a music student has a reasonable future to look forward to, especially if he has had training in more than one line. If one has studied the piano, for instance, and can at the same time sing, play a violin, or a band instrument, he is likely to find satisfactory employment. Public school music is now receiving attention all over the country, and offers opportunities for those who have had the required training. It is only the broadly trained musician with some talent who will ever reach any degree of distinction. The Problem of Living In the early days of the University, students found the most attractive places to live at some distance from the campus, often lodging two miles or more from the Uni- versity grounds. In recent years students have been crowded as thickly and as closely as possible about the University, no one living more than a few blocks from the campus, excepting as he may wish to find a lodging place at a lower price. With the increased attendance, however, students must again scatter more widely. The farther away one goes the more cheaply he can usually find lodging. One who has a reasonable amount of money furnished him need not consider these relatively small differences, however. A student coming to the University for the first time jshould not put off the selection of a lodging place until registration day, or he is likely to have Crettiiig a little choice left him. He should choose Room early and thoughtfully, during the sum- mer, perhaps, with regard to his own comfort and convenience. Usually two students live together in one room, more than this is likely to result 'disastrously to their studies, and this room is their home ^^ — parlor, study, living room, bed chamber — all combined In one. It is desirable that it be well located, well heated, and well cared for. All these points should he carefully considered before the room is contracted for — they are much better adjusted before than after one has become a tenant. The matter of neighbors is important. It is undesir- 20 FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 21 able for many freshmen to occupy the same lodging house; their habits of study are likely to be un- Neighbors formed, and they waste each others' time without knowing it. It is unwise to live in a house where more than half the students are freshmen, and it is not helpful to scholarship to live in a house where there are many unorganized students of any class. Numbers do not conduce to scholarship. Men who have been intimate in the high school are more likely to play than to work, though congenialty and community of interest are well worth looking for; the new student is influenced materially for good or for evil by the men with whom he lives. When you make a contract for a room be sure you have a definite and specific agreement, written if possible. The custom in Champaign and Urbana, Making a which for all practical purposes is the Contract law, is to hold students to whatever con- tract, oral or written, they have made. Be sure you know what regulations the landlady lays down, for by taking her room you agree to these. If no definite time is set then, whether he gives notice or not, the student must pay simply for the full month on which he has entered, and may leave at any time. If he has a definite agreement or understanding for a semester, or for the year, for instance, then he is held to this, and unless he can show that the landlady has broken her contract, must pay for the full time. Students should keep these points in mind; for the fact that one later finds that he can get a better room at a cheaper rate, or find a more agreeable location, or get into a fraternity, does not absolve him from the responsibility of his con- tract. Usually, however, if he can discover some one who is willing to take the room off his hands he is allowed to move. As to the payment of rent during the Christmas and other vacations, no general custom prevails. Some landladies make no deductions from the regular price; some charge but half rates for the time students are absent; and others make no charge at all. It is, therefore, 22 I:xI^TRSITY of illi^^ois all a matter of previous agreement, concerning which the student should be careful and definite. A list of available rooms in both cities, with descrip- tion and prices, is ordinarily kept by the Young Men's Christian Association, and by the office Y. My C. A. List of the Dean of Men, where it may be consulted freely by students. A comparison of prices w^ill show that room rent is somewhat higher in Champaign than in Urbana, and some- what higher on Green, John, Daniel, and Comparison Chalmers streets in Champaign than in of Prices other parts of the city. About forty-five per cent, of the students live in Urbana, and about fifty-five in Champaign. It is also usually true that a relatively larger percentage of the upper classmen live in Champaign than in Urbana. This is accounted for by the fact that practically all of the men's organizations have their houses or their headquarters in Champaign. The sensible student will not move often. If in business life three moves are equal to a fire, in college life that many moves are generally equal to a Don't Move flunk; for the man who can not get on Often with his landlady is not likely to be more successful with his instructors. Every student should select such a place to live as will enable him to live comfortably, and to do his work quietly and regu- larly. The work of a college course is a man's work, and it takes most of the student's time to do it well. It is sometimes difficult to do it even under the most comfort- able and favorable conditions. On this most important subject of getting on with the landlady I might offer a few suggestions. The freshman's conduct in his room — and it is most Getting on with frequently the freshman who has the the Landlady trouble — very largely determines the landlady's frame of mind. A quiet, polite, orderly freshman usually hooks up with an obliging, tidy landlady. The student ought not to burn the lights when it is unnecessary. If he makes some effort to keep FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 23 his personal effects picked up off the floor, the landlady- will be encouraged to keep the room clean. It is almost a hopeless task for her if the roomer takes no interest in keeping the place neat. If burnt matches and cigarette stubs and waste paper and soiled clothing clutter the floor he need not be surprised if she is careless with the dusting. If the landlady goes to bed early, the student ought not to practice bass drum solos or start an im- promptu concert at midnight. The noisy student is usually a poor student. If he is of such a temperament as to require large numbers of friends to visit him, he ought to time their calls and the racket incident thereto in such a manner as to leave the other inhabitants of the place some opportunity to rest. If he shows courtesy and thoughtfulness, she is quite likely to prove an agreeable landlady. There are a great many places about the University where students may get meals. Most students lodge at one place, and get their meals at another. Meals The boarding clubs and restaurants are managed in various ways. Some are ''cooperative," some are managed by students, others are under private control; but in any case the price of meals varies little, and one place is about as good as another. At some places both men and women are served, and at others only men are admitted. There is perhaps more conventionality and better service at the mixed clubs than at others. The boarding house exclusively for men is likely to cause a degeneration in table manners. In recent years there have grown up about the campus a number of lunch rooms where one may get a respectable meal for a relatively small sum. These Avoid Lunch places serve twenty-one meals for a Counters stated amount and because they allow the greatest freedom as to time and regu- larity of attendance upon meals they have been extensively patronized. The service at these places is rapid, but usually crude, and the influences are unrefined. The boy who eats his meals with a rush is very likely to develop 24 rxnXESITT OF ILLINOIS chronic indigestion, and unconventional service is pretty sure to encourage crude and careless manners; neither one of these things the college man can afford to carry about with him. The fact, too, that at such places the student pays only for what he selects, and so is given a chance to save money when his hunger is easily appeased, often leads him to choose an ill-nourishing or badly balanced ration. The student who tries to save money on his regular meals is laying up for himself an inheritance of indigestion, of which he will find it difficult or impossible to rid himself. All that has been said applies to the man who has sufficient money, and whose chief problem is how to use his time discreetly, and how to spend his Earn Your money wisely. The young fellow who Way Only If must himself make his living, or even a You Must part of it, while he carries a college course, is in a much more difficult situation. Hundreds of students every year perform the double task successfully, but the efforts of many result in ill health and intellectual failure. There are few things about which more foolish statements are made by the general public than concerning the advantages which are supposed to accrue from working one's way through college. Poverty is always uncomfortable, and seldom a help. To earn one's way in college takes time and energy which might usually be devoted to more profitable things. No one should try it who is not forced to do so. Any one who is to earn his living in college should not begin without money enough to carry him through a half year. It is better to defer entering Should Have college for a year or two after graduation Some Money from high school than to enter with no resources, and to be forced to depend upon picking chance jobs here and there for existence. Fees, books, and other supplies draw heavily upon the student's resources at the beginning, and he must have something with which to meet this heavy drain. It is sufficiently difficult to adjust one's self immediately to a new environment without adding to this the necessity at FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 25 the same time of earning one's living. Nor is it easier, as men often think, to earn one's living in college than It is to do so in other places, especially in small places like Champaign and Urbana, where hundreds of other people are trying to do the same thing. The work of a college course is supposed to take the most of one's leisure time, so that one who enters college should have at least enough money to carry him for a half year, and it woula be wiser if he had enough for an entire year's expenses. It is seldom wise for such a man to attempt to carry a full schedule of studies. Young men who come for the first time to country places like Champaign and Urbana do not at first realize how many men there are who are trying Hardest for to earn a living, and how difiicult it New Men sometimes is for a new man at once to find something to do. Students who have been in college the previous year have wisely picked up all the best jobs before going home, so that little is left for the newcomer except the discard — that is waiting table, washing dishes, or tending furnaces. The skilled laborer always gets more for his services than the one who can do nothing more than ordinarily well. A student who can do no special Skill a work must take what he can get, and will Help receive for his services only the payment which is given the common laborer, that is commonly thirty or thirty-five cents an hour. One who has learned a trade will very rapidly find employment on Saturdays, and for his odd hours. Those with special talents may earn their living more easily than others not so endowed. People who sing, or play a musical instrument well, draftsmen, chauffeurs, barbers, bookkeepers, stenographers, and any with special training are much better fitted to help themselves than are those without such training. One who intends to take upon himself the burden of earning his living while in college should be mature — and by that I mean usually nineteen or twenty years of age. The burden is too great for the young boy to assume. 26 UNn^KSITY OF ILLINOIS He should have a good physique, for he will often be forced to keep irregular hours, either to bring up his college work, or to do outside work. He will get into diflaculty if he slights either. The boy who w^orks for his living will have to give more conscious attention to his clothing than other fellows, because he is not likely to have a new suit often; he must look neat, and yet his work is pretty sure to be hard on his clothing. He must keep his clothes in good condition, therefore, or he will soon come to have a slovenly appearance. If any mem needs to learn neatness of appearance, and care in dress, it is the student who works for his living. He must be resourceful and adaptable, able to fit in anywhere, and able also to use his brain in his work. It is the student who first meets an unsolved Waiting Table condition, or satisfies an unsatisfied want, Easiest for who makes good at earning a living. New Man The number and variety of the places where a student may get work at the University is almost infinite, though of course the new student, as I have said, is most likely to find occupation in waiting table at the innumerable fraternities, clubs, and boarding houses about the campus. For this service he usually receives his board. Every one should depend on himself for a job. Very few people will hire a man solely on some one else's recommendation; they want to see him and size him up themselves. A week before college opens is a good time to arrive in Urbana, the Young Men's Christian Association employment bureau will help, and the Dean of Men is a good man to see for initial directions; then strike out for yourself, and if within two days you do not have a job it is your own fault. The student who is earning his living is doing a double business, neither part of which he can afford to neglect. If the food supply runs out, he is put out Must Do of business, and if he fails at his studies, a Double he is put out of college, so there you are. Business He makes good in both lines only by conserving his energies, developing con- centration of mind, and cultivating system in the use of FACTS FOR FKESHMEN 27 his time. He can not afford to waste a moment. He will often have to sacrifice much, to keep out of many things that he would like to be a part of — athletics, social pleas- ures, college activities generally, — and he will not always be able to do his college work as well as he would like. College life is for him a compromise between what he would like to do, and w^hat he must do. Whether a student has much or little money it is a good thing for him to establish business relations as soon as he comes to Champaign or Urbana. If Don't Go possible each student should have a Into Debt definite monthly allowance due on a specific day, and on this he should see to it that he lives. It is better to have a bank account, and to pay all bills and accounts by check. Then the disagreements which frequently arise as to whether or not a bill has been paid will be impossible. Since students expect to live in a college town for four years they should not underestimate the importance of establishing at once a creditable reputation with the merchants with whom they are to do business. It is a good thing to have a regular place to trade, and to become personally acquainted with the men with whom you spend your money. Don't go into dehty and don't 'borrow of the other fellows in order to do things which you can not afford. It is never easier to pay up out of next month's allowance than it has been to meet your obligations out of this month's. It is not the size of your allowance which causes you to get on easily, but the way in which you manage what you have. Don't spend money that you do not have, and do not draw a check unless you are sure you have money in the bank. The Freshman in College One can always tell you are a freshman at college. You may be as self-possessed as possible; you may dress as you choose; you may ask no foolish Freshmen question, or show no lack of familiarity Always Kno\vn with the college customs; but you are a marked man the moment you set foot on the campus. Whether you come 1?rom Chicago) or a country town in Egypt with one general store and a post oflSce, it makes little difference, you can not conceal tha fact that you are a new-comer beginning your first experience in college. You are like the American in Paris, or Rotterdam, who thinks that if he does not speak no one will know him for a foreigner, but w^ho is spotted a block away by every small boy, and fakir, on the street. No one knows how he tells a freshman — it is some- thing of a matter of intuition. But the freshman learns rapidly to adapt himself to the new situ- Learns to ation; he picks up at once the ways of Adapt Himself the campus; by Thanksgiving he seems like an old settler, and by the end of the year he is ready to meet incoming freshmen with unerring recognition and condescension. Sometimes he adapts him- self too incompletely to his new environment. It is as much a fault to cling rigidly to one's home manners and habits and dress as it is to throw these to the winds and adopt the extremes of college customs and fads. In the unimportant things of college life it is well for the fresh- man to keep his eyes open and to "do as the Romans do;" it is not wise for him, however, on his return home at Thanksgiving to attempt to reproduce and to establish the customs of Rome in his home community. The differences between high school and college are marked, and are revealed in other directions quite as 28 FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 29 strongly as in physical and social ways. The high school boy who is thinking of taking up a college course seldom stops to consider — perhaps he ought not to be expected to know — that the methods of work and the ways of living are quite different in college from what they are in the high school. It is not surprising that your idea of college life is an erroneous one. What you know of college you have most frequently gained from the exaggerated Comes With accounts of student escapades which you Wrong Idea have seen in the newspapers, or from the of College stories which you have heard related by your big brother or the local athlete who have returned home from the scenes of their scholastic triumphs. Such tales are usually unhampered by facts, and concern themselves more with the unusual and unim- portant things of college than with its real work. If you have visited the college at all it has more than likely been at the time of an important athletic contest, or of an interscholastic meet, when nobody works, or talks of work, and when the main thing under consideration is the athletic victory, and perhaps the celebration which follows. As you saw college then, it was a collection of care-free young fellows with little to do but to enjoy themselves, and perhaps occasionally, if nothing more important pre- vents, to attend a few lectures. In point of fact college life is a strenuous one, where every man has his work which must be given regular and serious attention. If you are to get on well in college, or in life for that matter, the sooner you recognize this fact and adapt yourself to the situation the better. Failure in college comes from a failure to recognize the fact that the aims of the college are different from those of the high school, that the amount of work required is greater, and that the methods of doing it must, also, be different. You must adjust yourself to these changed conditions if you would get on. As a high school boy you have seldom worked independently. The relations between you and your teacher have been closer, and more personal, than they are likely at first to be in college. You knew that if your 30 UNIVERSITY OF ILLIISOIS work were not done when it should be, your teacher would remind you of the fact; if it were High School not done as it should be, the oft uttered Boy Not directions would be repeated. When you Independent were in difficulty there was some one to get you out. If the translation was hard, or the theme suDject not suggestive, or the problem in mathematics refused to be solved, some one would help. Even if your teacher proved indifferent, or incapable, there were father and mother, or older brothers and sisters, or friends to fall back upon as a last resort. Whatever you did, or thought, was somewhat under the supervision of some one older or more experienced than yourself. You judged of your success, or your progress, by what these people said of you or to you. In college it is different. Every one must look after himself; much of his training consists in his doing so. If he doesn't hustle, no one is likely at once to call his attention to the fact. The problem of living has not materially concerned you before you came to college. You have lived at home, and your comings and goings have been Some One under the direction of the older members Has Thought of the household. The most of your for You wants have been provided for without much thought or attention on your part. Mother has darned your stockings and picked out your neckties, and father has paid the bills. You have usually had relatively little money to spend, and even your com- panions, if they have not been directly selected by your parents, have yet come to you through your environment quite as much as from your deliberate choice. Your habits are as much the result of the conventions and customs of the community in which you have been brought up as of your own tendencies or inclinations. If you learned to dance it was because all the fellows did; if you went to church regularly, that was no necessary indication that you were religiously inclined; it was simply the custom. When you needed anything you asked for it, often without knowing much as to what it cost or where it came from. If your friends were not what they should be, or if your FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 31 time were not well occupied, you knew very well that some one would shortly let you know about it. You had not yet been trained in independence or self-reliance of action. You were in most regards still a child. At college it is different. When your study program is decided upon, the disposal of your time is largely in your own hands. You may study one thing or In College You another, or you need not study at all. Must Decide You may read in the library, or walk for Yourself down town, or watch the team practicing on Illinois Field; there is no one to call you to account. If you attend regularly upon classes, and show a reasonable intelligence regarding your studies, you may employ your time as you please. You may choose your own companions, and act with absolute independence. There is a delightful freedom in all this which is some- times deceiving. You may assume that since no one calls you to account today there will be no reckoning tomorrow, but in this you are mistaken. Your time is your own, but it is your own to use wisely, and if you fail in this regard, you will suffer in the final reckoning, for there surely is to be one. I should not want you to feel that the life in college is vitally different from what it has been for each of you in your home communities, but at home College Life your comings and goings have been care- Not Vitally fully watched, and this fact has shielded Different you and has kept you from having to make many a decision yourself. On entering college you will have some definite prob- lems to face in a more personal way than they have ever before been presented to you. In most Definite cases you have previously been familiar Problems more or less closely with all the tempta- to Face tions which are to be found in college, but at home you have often been shielded from them — they have been more a name than a reality to you. Sooner or later every man must meet temptation face to face and say yes or no to its proposals. To most young fellows the critical time comes at about the age 32 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS when he goes to college. For this the college is in no way responsible, though many conscientious men have tried to hang the blame there. I should not feel that this little book is quite fulfilling its mission if in it I did not warn you against tempta- tions peculiar to young men at the age when they enter college, and which in college, perhaps, are touched up with peculiar allurements and attractions. It is true that a large majority of young men are little affected by these temptations and still fewer are permanently injured by them, but those who fail in college do so usually not from inability to do the work, but because they are led away by these other things. First of all there is the habit of loafing. As a high school boy you have perhaps worked little. What you have acquired has been gained by clever- Iiearn to Work; ness and quickness of perception rather Not to Loaf than by concentration and hard study. This ability to work hard and to concen- trate your attention upon your work you must learn, and you will seldom learn it except by serious practice. Most college men I think expect to work hard, but the trouble is to get at it today, and to keep at it tomorrow, and to concentrate the mind upon it while at work. Before you leave the train which is carrying you to your college town, sometimes unfortunately even before you are out of high school, you will have made engagements for days and weeks in advance which will often seriously interfere with the real work of college. There is the fraternity rushing, and the open grate fire, and the pipe, and the vaudeville show, and the new found friend, and the moon smiling down and inviting you out to stroll, and all these pleading in the strongest terms for self-indulgence, and self-grat- ification. There are a thousand other new and fascinating things which you may call by any name you please, but which after all are only other names for loafing. If you get into the habit of dawdling away your time, you can conjure up a hundred apparently good excuses for not FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 33 Studying, and for not going to class. Perhaps one of the main reasons why it all seems so attractive and so safe is because the days are so long, and the time of final reckoning so far ahead and youth is so optimistic. I seldom call a man for procrastination and neglect of duty who does not tell me that it had been his serious intention to see me that day even if I had not called him, and I presume he is often telling the truth. I seldom talk to a loafer who has not promised himself, even before I urge him to get down to serious work, that he will stop his loafing at once. Loafing is a habit easily learned and hard to break, and it ruins more college careers at the very outset, than does any other vice. Then you should have a regular time for going to work each evening, and in the simple community in which we live this should seldom be later than half past seven o'clock. You should not be turned from the habit by alluring invitations to get into card games, or to stand around the piano and develop your taste for poor music, or to waste the evening in attendance upon a low class vaudeville show, or a racy moving picture performance, or even to sit in front of the fire and talk about politics or the girls with your room-mate. When the time comes for study you should go to it as if you liked it, and do this six days in the week and four hours a day. If you do this for a month or two there will be little likelihood of your developing into a chronic loafer. I have said all of this knowing that every healthy young fellow will want pleasure and relaxation and knowing also that he ought to have it. But the day furnishes time enough for class work and study and recreation and sleep if the twenty- four hours are intelligently utilized, and there is plenty of healthy recreation for the body and the mind if one will look for it. The temptation to waste time in gambling is an ever present and an increasing danger. There is a fascination in a game of chance which many a young man finds it hard to resist. It is so easy to argue that one must have some recreation and that if the time spent in playing 34 rXIVERSITY OF ILLIXOIS games of chance is not intemperate or in excess of what one can afford there should be no Gambling objection to the practice on the part of Dangerous any sensible people. As to the money- lost (or won, for some one usually wins) it is often a negligible quantity, and in most cases not more perhaps than you might spend on a first class show or an entertainment of any sort. "What is the harm to me?" a young man asked me not long ago. "I can afford the time and the money it costs me. Why should I not shoot craps or play poker for money?" I should answer that it is a dangerous habit, because it almost invariably leads to excesses. The gambler learns to take risks which he can not afford, to waste time that should be given to something else, to bet and to lose money which is not his ow^n and which w^as not intended for this purpose, and he develops at once a reputation for unre- liability. No business man, even if he himself gambles, cares to employ a young fellow who has or who has had the habit, simply because he knows the dangers which surround it. I have known few men who began the habit in college, who found it easy to break it, and I have known none who, even though they played for small stakes and won or lost very little money, were not injured by it. If the habit is nothing more it is a time waster and leads you into associations which it were usually better not to have formed. As to drinking, many fellows say to me that th^y learned to drink at home with their fathers and mothers about the dinner table. This may all be Drinking true, and to such men I have nothing Brings Coarse to say, so long as they drink with their Associations fathers and mothers at home. The drinking habit as I have seen it practiced in our college community for many years has never been a help or an advantage to any student^ and it has usually been a distinct injury. Now that it is against the law it is still more so. The only excuse for it is that it is supposed to encourage sociability and to promote good FACTS FOR FEESHMEN 35 fellowship. When liquor can be obtained only by violating the law or by doing some disreputable thing or going to some disreputable or remote place to get it the sort of good fellowship which it encourages is not of a very high order. The kind of people, both men and women, whom you are likely to meet at these places is not such as a college student will be helped by knowing, and the time spent in their society is not usually spent in such a way as to make you a better citizen. It is a fact, also, that practically all the young fellows I have known who speak of the harmlessness of "taking a drink occasionally" at one time or another take more than they can carry and are the worse for it. The safest plan if you are going to college with the idea of doing honest, satisfactory work is to leave the drinking of intoxicating liquors to those who have no real interest in the development of their moral and intellectual powers, for the drinking habit will invariably play havoc with your college work, not to speak of your morals. Smoking, too, although it can scarcely be called an immoral habit, has upon nervous and growing young fellows a bad effect. It is likely to Smoking Dulls develop restlessness and indigestion with the Brain the result that your power of concentra- tion is weakened, your brain dulled, and the likelihood of your doing good work very much lessened. The habit of using tobacco is in these days so common and so little thought of among young men that it seems almost a waste of time to speak against it. I have, how- ever, seen too many nervous systems weakened by its use, and the work of too many students injured irrepar- ably, not to utter a word of warning against it. Though the number of young fellows in college who smoke is regrettably large, you will gain nothing either in prestige or dignity by doing so. The ability to hold a pipe between the teeth or to puff at a cigarette does not make you more of a man even in a college community, and the fact that you do not smoke brings you into no discredit. No one need to say that he was forced into smoking in college or that he was made uncomfortable by refusing 36 UNIVEBSITY OF ILLINOIS to do SO. If you find, therefore, that smoking is injuring your temper and your pocketbook, and your studies, if you find that it is gaining a hold on you and that you can with difficulty do without it, give it up; you will be quite as popular as you were before, and may be more of a man. If you have come from a healthy home where you have been taught by a good mother to live a clean life and to respect all women, you may be shocked at first by some of the views which are presented to you, and later you may even come to the point of asking yourself if perhaps you have not been a trifle prudish in your ideas, and if the other fellow^ may be right in his views. There will be those who will try to teach you that it is not only not necessary for you to lead a chaste, clean life, but that it is positively not a healthy Respect for thing for you to do so. They will teach Women and you that if you desire to gain your Clean liife Best highest physical development you must gratify your physical desires, and such men are only too willing to show you how this may safely be done. The statements of thousands of reputable physicians are to the effect that no young man suffers physically by living a life of chastity, but on the contrary he gains in strength and endurance by such a course. The young man who allows himself to be led into the associations of lewd women either through curiosity or the desire to know something of "real life" is running the gravest sort of danger. Most men who submit them- selves to such temptations fall a prey to them, and the result in most cases is a weakened will, a lowered moral tone, disease, a wrecked body, and eternal regret. Only a few months ago I stood beside the operating table where a young college student was about to submit to a critical operation to alleviate a disease which he had contracted from a prostitute. He was thinking, I know, of the pain which he must endure and of the danger to his life, and looking up into my face he said, having in mind the many fellows to whom I talk every year, "Tell them they always have to pay for it; they always have to pay for it." Through many years of observation on thou- FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 37 sands of students I have come to know that the boy's words are true. The clean, continent life is the only safe one, and those young men who think otherwise and who gratify their physical passions "pay for it" ultimately in ruined health, and ruined characters, and ruined studies. The student with a clean mind and clean morals has the best chance of winning the high scholastic standing. One other thing that you might very well keep in mind — some day you are going to want to have a home of your own; and to take to it the girl whom you have chosen to be your wife. If at that time you can come to her with a body free from the effects of disease and a past life clean and wholesome, you may count the sacrifices of self control as nothing compared with the satisfaction you will then feel. In coming to the University of Illinois, you will meet all of these temptations which I have named, but if you are to get the most out of your work. You Can Meet if you are to develop into the sort of Temptation citizen which the state is wanting to educate, you will meet them manfully and you will conquer them as it is possible for every strong, healthy man to do, and as most healthy fellows succeed in doing. No one can help you much; it is a part of the problem of living which you must yourself solve. Fathers and mothers often feel that this sending the boy away from home and putting him in the way of temptation and upon his own responsibility is a danger which they can not risk. They want to watch over, guide, and direct him, so they bring him to college and keep up the methods of childhood throughout Must Take his college career. It is an interesting R^Bsponsibility fact that few boys whose homes are in a college town, or whose parents or guardians bring them to college, and continue a chaper- onage over them while there, do well in their college work. A college officer was asked not long ago by an otherwise sensible mother who had hovered anxiously over her young offspring during his high school course and for two years 38 UXrV'ERSITY OF ILLINOIS of his college career, why he never accomplished anything. The reply was that he was never allowed to do so. Some- time or other, if one is to learn to swim, he must be thrown into the water, and allowed to make the struggle alone. It is not likely to work any damage if some one is sufficiently interested to stand by and watch the struggle, and if drowning is imminent, which is seldom the case, to extend the helping hand, but usually the swimmer learns because he has to, as the muskrat was said to learn to climb a tree. Having been given pre- liminary training he must be allowed to work out his own methods; he may go under a few times, and take on a little water, but he learns in the end to swim. It is equally true of the college man. He must learn independence, and self-reliance, and self-direction in the same way that young people learn to swim. One of the greatest sources of satisfaction to a college officer is to see how few suffer real disaster in the learning, and when these unfortunate results do come the trouble is quite as often at home as elsewhere, and would very likely have occurred no matter where the young student had been. It is quite likely that at college you will learn for the first time the value of money. Few high school boys know how much they cost, or have had a great deal of experience in expending the money that went for their support. If you are given a regular monthly allowance, as you should be given, it will very likely at first seem large to you; you will be a wise boy if you spend it witn discrim- ination and care. The fellows who are most regularly "broke," or hard up, are not the ones usually, who have the smallest allowance. It will be well Learn Value for you if you are required to keep an of Money account of your expenditures, or if not required to do so, if you still keep this account for your own enlightenment and direction. The recording of your own financial indiscretions will often keep you from further extravagance, and induce you to think twice before you part with your money. You will learn, or if you do not you should, that it often takes FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 39 quite as much judgment to spend money wisely as to earn it. The tasks which must be accomplished in college are different, both in extent and purpose, from those which are exacted in high school. Perhaps Work in nothing is so painful a surprise to the College Heavier college freshman as that which comes to him on his first assignment of work. The number of problems you must solve, and the number of pages you must read seem appalling at first, or would seem so were it not for the fact that you will congratulate yourself that you have all the twenty-four hours at your disposal, and that there are eighteen weeks before thi final examinations. You will learn in time, too, that it is not alone in the extent of the work which you are to cover that the college differs from the high school, but in the purpose to be accomplished in this work as well. You must think if you are to perform your tasks readily, and your thoughts must be your own. You must be indepen- dent; in short, you must be a man. You may ask advice if you wish; if you get into trouble there are those who will help you, but in large part the problems are yours, and they must be solved by you, in your own way, and in your own time. The matter of your associates is also a serious one. Your friends in your home community have seldom been consciously chosen, except perhaps within certain pre- scribed limits; they have come largely from the families of the friends of your father and mother. In college the case may be wholly different. The majority of the people with whom you are most intimately Must Choose thrown you may very likely have never Your Own seen before; of their habits and their Associates ancestors you can at first know but little. You should use caution, if you are to choose wisely. You will be better off and safer in the end if you go slowly and look about you before you plunge into too fast friendships, either literally or figuratively. Your friends are most likely to be your making or your undoing. You have your opportunity to choose them con- 40 T:>'m:EsiTY of illi>"ois sciouslv, and you should do this with a full knowledge of what your choice may mean. Good friends will lead you in the right direction, will help you to cultivate healthy, right habits, and will aid you in getting out of your college course the best there is in it. Ill-chosen friends may easily defeat all the right purposes for which you hare come to college. Now, as always, a man is judged by the company he keeps. All these problems which you will meet are difficult to solve. There is often home-sickness and discourage- ment, and sometimes, unfortunately, defeat; but in most cases the freshman can be relied upon. You know the lopes that are ba^ed on your success; you know the disap- pointment that will come if you fail, and you will meet the situation manfully. Class Attendance One of the duties of the office of Dean of Men is to supervise the class attendance of the undergraduate men of the University. Absences are reported daily by the class instructors and are recorded. When the absences of any undergraduate student aggregate one-tenth of the whole number of class recitations in a course, excep- ting in cases of military and physical training, such student is dropped from that course. Unavoidable absences do not count toward dropping a student from classes. When dropped, the student can be reinstated only by getting the consent of his instructor and the approval of the Dean of Men. If he is not reinstated, he receives a failure in the course at the end of the semester. If through cutting, a student reduces his study schedule below fifteen hours he goes automatically upon probation. No student will be allowed to withdraw from a course by the simple method of remaining away from class. If you must be absent from class for unavoidable reasons, or if you wish to leave town, you should inform the office of the Dean of Men. Though your instructor is not permitted to excuse absence in any case, you may well make to him an explanation of your absence. If you have been sick or out of town for a good reason, he will probably be more likely to aid you in making up back work if he knows of that fact than he otherwise would. At the same time you must remember that absence from class for any reason, even for sickness, is harmful to your work and will be looked upon as such. You should attend every meeting of your class, if possible. The regulation regarding absences is often misunder- stood to mean that every student is entitled to be absent a definite number of times without excuse. That meaning is not in the rule at all. Every student must go to all of his classes; if he does not he becomes liable to discipline 41 42 rXIVEESITY OF ILLINOIS unless he has acceptable reasons for each absence. The regulation means that when a student has been absent a certain number of times his instructor is given an oppor- tunity of saying whether he may continue in class, whether he should make up work mis^d, or whether he is so far behind with his work that he cannot continue with any hope of passing the course. In Military you should have no "absences without leave" on your record. If you must be absent from a drill period, you must get an excuse from the office of the Dean of Men, and you should present this to the military office before the hour of drill, and at latest before Saturday noon of the week in which the absence occurs. If you cannot do this personally or by telephone, arrange with a friend to do it for you and be sure that he does it. It will pay you to read carefully the rules of the Military Depart- ment upon this and all other points, for a part of their instruction is in discipline, and you will suffer a penalty if you violate their rules. The Director of Physical Education will excuse students for sickness if they present an excuse from the office of the Dean of Men. As you grow older in your course you will discover that the temptations to cut class come more frequently and with apparently better reasons for doing so. As you become involved in a confusion of work to be done, you will be sorely tempted to stay away from one class to prepare the work for another, or to stay away to avoid a failure to recite. This is a bad policy; it can be compared to the world-old blunder of robbing Peter to pay Paul — a blunder committed only by people whose fortunes are at a low ebb. You will lose immeasurably by it. It is far better to go to class, take the medicine of failure to recite, and reform afterward. Your increasingly active participation in outside interests will offer, also, many reasons why you might frequently cut class. Your fra- ternity, your religious work, your athletics, debating teams, or your attempts to earn money are some of the interests that may serve as seemingly good reasons why you may be irregular in class attendance. But even the best of these are poor excuses. The most efficient men FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 43 in college activities are usually those who do their class- work well. The poorest students are those who cut class regularly. Most students with low grades or on probation have a poor attendance record. That man who fulfills all his obligations is the most valuable man to the interest with which he is allied. Y. M, C. A. men who flunk weaken their influence with other students; fraternity men who are over-zealous in their fraternity work, often deprive their fraternity of their efforts by being forced to leave college; and many athletes betray their teams by failing to remain eligible. In this respect a burden of outside activities is as obnoxious as indolence. It can be shown that seventy-five per cent, of those who fail to pass in their courses have been careless or irregular in their class attendance. A real secret for success and happiness in college is regularity in appointments of all kinds, and not the least of these is the class period. College Activities Joining an organization, in the common parlance of college students, is called "making" tlie organization. A man **makes" the football team, or the Glee Club. People ask, "Did So-and-so 'make* a fraternity?'' And making something or other seems to be so much talked about, both in college and out, that the freshman is likely to come to think that "to make" this or that club, or fraternity, or team, is quite the important thing in life. For some men it is so. Others, a large majority, after the first rush is over, go on with the daily task quite contentedly, "making" something if their talents or qualities bring them into notice, or doing pretty well "outside," as the case may be. This is especially so with regard to social and honorary organizations. Every man in the University, however, can belong to some organization having to do with student inter- ests. What this organization is will depend in some cases upon the man's willingness to join, in others upon some special ability he may have, and in others, still, upon his personal popularity. A freshman should early ally himself with some organized interest in which he will associate with other men. No matter what may be the primary purpose of student organizations, the social value will be ever present. Men drawn together by a single common interest will associate also in other ways. This will be especially true of the freshmen who, without much previous acquaintance, must expect to make their first friends among the men who are brought close to them first. The healthy freshman will desire immediately to make friends among his fellows. The man who holds himself aloof from the social side of the life before him, who keeps to his room, or spends his leisure hours alone, is abnormal. 44 FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 45 For him there is always a danger of falling into the bad mental or physical habits that form in men who are without the correcitiv© influence of social intercourse. The man who lives openly among his fellows improves by their spoken or unspoken comment, and, what is more to the point, his bad qualities and bad tendencies become more easily known to those whose interest it is to correct truant tendencies. The boy who lives alone in a com- munity where most boys intermingle joyously, hangs about himself a shroud of mystery which may or may not hide bad faults. What he is nobody knows unless some unusual thing happens to bring him suddenly into the light. For the reason that the chance for helping him, if he needs help, is so much lessened, college oflBcers fear for the welfare of the boy who lives too greatly by himself. The freshman who wants to make friends will choose the safest way if he offers to meet his fellowmen through interests that are organized. Student organizations are under constant, careful scrutiny, and must be conducted carefully, and with official approval. The men, then, whom one comes to know in their meetings are more likely to be responsible and helpful friends than those whom one meets at random on the streets, in billiard halls, or at boarding clubs. As the freshman grows older he Will acquire a certain ability to judge men whenever he meets them, but, at first, he will be happier if he depends upon the approved ways of making acquaintances. The so-called wise freshman, the man who relies entirely upon himself, is often the most easily spoiled or tricked. The truly wise freshman will do as truly wise men in every place do, trust to the agencies that have the reputation for reliability. Of the organizations that are open to all men, the religious organizations touch the greatest number. The importance of the social part that reli^- Relij?ious ious organizations may take in the life Organizations of the college student cannot be denied. A safe and sure way for the incoming freshman to make worthy friends, and to get beneficial 46 U>"n'ZP..SITY OF ILLIXOIS counsel, is through the Young Men's Christian Association, and the student societies of local churches. One need not avail himself of the privileges of these interests long, he may even leave them as soon as they have given him a working acquaintance, but if he wishes a safe beginning, this is one of the ways to find it. The Yoimg Men's Christian Association is the active men's religious organization of University students. The Association oc^^upies an attractive build- The Young ing at the c-orner of Green and Wright Men's Christian streets where you will always find a Asseciation welcome. The Association is most helpful to new students, and a new student can do no wiser thing than go to the Association hut as soon as he arrives. Lists of rooms and boarding places are posted, members of the Association meet all trains, assist students in finding sa.tisfactory locations, and endeavor to make them feel at home. A regularly conducted employment bureau under general direction of the office of the Dean of Men has been of immense service in helping students to find work. The Young Women's Christian Association performs similar service for the young women of the University. The local churches in Champaign and urbana make every eSort to attract students, to engage them in the various forms of church work, and to The Cliurches give them a hearty welcome. Certain churches near the campus, such as the Trinity Methodist Episcopal church, the George McKinley Presbyterian church, the Congregational church, the Bap- tist church, and the University Place Christian church, are looked upon especially as "student" churches, and here the students attend in large numbers. Other Protestant denominations employ "student pastors" who give their entire time to calling upon students, making their acquaintance, and interesting them in religious work. Other religious denominations support organizations. Phi Kappa fraternity is an organization of Roman Catholic students. Gregory Guild is made up of Baptist students. FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 47 and the Episcopalian students support a chapter of the Brotherhood of Saint Andrew. Bushnell Guild is composed largely of Congregational students, Ivrim is made up of Jewish students. The Presbyterian and the Episcopalian churches also each conducts a dormitory for young women. Quite different from the religious organizations in purpose, there are certain other organizations, open to all students, which will help the freshman to start right in becoming a normal part of college life which he has entered. The Illinois Union, organized in 1909, is an association of the men of the University for the promotion of college spirit and good fellowship. All men stu- The Illinois 4ents of the University are eligible to Union active membership upon the payment of the life membership fee of one dollar. The Union has for its present primary aim the building of a clubhouse to serve as a general meeting place for the men students, though for the present it has quarters on the first floor of "Illini Hall," the building formerly occupied by the Y. M. C. A. The Union is gradually enlarging the scope of its activities, and membership in it is becoming more and more necessary to the students of the University. The Athletic Association has direct charge of all of the competitive athletics of the University, both intercol- legiate and intramural. Membership in The Athletic the Athletic Association costs seven Association dollars and entitles one to admission to all of the athletic contests of the year. If one attends all, or even a majority, of the athletic games he will save money if he holds an Athletic Asso- ciation coupon book. There are numerous intercollegiate football games at home, basketball games, track meets, swimming meets, and baseball games. The minimum ad- mission price to any of these is fifty cents. The proceeds from the sale of memberships in the Association and from admissions to the games go to pay the expenses of the various teams, for a large part of the salaries of the coaches, and for the upkeep of the playgrounds which the 48 rMVKHSITY OF iixi>-ois Athletic Association controls for the use of intramural sports. The affairs of the Athletic Association are admin- istered by a Board of Control, comprised of faculty, student, and alumni members. The student members are the managers of the various teams. These student man- agers are selected by the Board of Control as a result of a period of competition. Candidates for these various managerships begin their term of competition in the begin- ning of the sophomore year as assistants to the managers; at the end of the sophomore year two candidates are selected for competition for each position during the junior year; and at the end of the junior year the Board of Control selects one of the two candidates for each man- agership. These positions in the Aiheltic Association are greatly sought after and are among the first honors possible to undergraduates. In all of the departments of the University there are a number of clubs which are auxiliary to the courses of study. These clubs hold regular meet- Professional ings in which subjects of particular Clubs interest to the members are discussed, and most of them during the year invite to speak before them men of some prominence from the outside. There is also a pleasing social side to most of them. Every freshman should early become interested in one of these clubs, and make a strong effort to become active in its work. It is by extending one's interests in this way that a general acquaintance of more than tem- porary value is formed. Organizations which call for special ability are athletic, musical, journalistic, literary, and dramatic. Membership is usually gained only after a period of pro- bation during which the applicant's merits are tested. Fully one-third of the men students of the University engage actively in competition for places on one or another of the many athletic teams. To become Athletics a member of a squad trying out for an athletic team is easy, and usually entails nothing more than appearing for practice, and becoming acquainted with the coach in charge. FACTS FOR FEESHMEN 49 Intercollegiate competition in athletics is maintained by the University of Illinois with all of the other univer- sities of the Western Conference; namely, Intercollegiate Chicago, Northwestern, Minnesota, Wis- Athletics consin, Iowa, Indiana, Purdue, Michigan, and Ohio. Practice competition is en- gaged in to a limited extent with minor colleges near by. At Illinois, teams are entered in football, baseball, track, basketball, swimming, gymnastics, fencing, wrestling, cross country running, tennis, and golf. Freshmen may not compete in 'Varsity competition, and so in each lino of sport a freshman squad is maintained. Competition for places upon the various teams is keen, and only men of ability, who are willing to train consistently, and who can keep up with their scholarship, make the regular places. The squads are always large, however, and few men participate in more than one branch of sport, so that there is an opportunity for a relatively large number of men to get the benefits of the training. The best athletes of the teams have usually been developed under the coaches from rather inexper- ienced material, and any freshman who has ability at all will be given a big chance to show what his ability may amount to. The man who would gain a place on the teams must be prepared to make some sacrifices before he can realize his ambition. He must give to his training a rather large part of every afternoon in the season of his sport, he must regulate his habits to strict standards, he must do his scholastic work a little better than the average, and he must develop a personality that will make him an unselfish, trustworthy teammate. In all lines of 'Varsity competition, there are main- tained, also, class teams representing the classes in the various colleges. This kind of competi- Class Athletics tion is popular, and attracts a larger number of competitors than the 'Varsity teams do. Competition for places on the various University 50 uni\t:esity of Illinois publications is in most cases open to freshmen. To gain a place as a member of the staff of one of these publications, demands natural ability to write well, regular and per- sistant work, and good scholarship. If Publications one has the time and energy to spare to journalistic work, he will find a satisfactory reward in working for the college papers. The term of apprenticeship, however, is long and, some- times, tiresome, and its rewards consist very largely in the practical experience received, and the companionship of men who are active in conducting the affairs of under- graduate and general University interests. Most of the University publications are under the direction and control of the Ulini Publishing Company. Briefly stated these are the Illini which The Daily began its existence in 1873 as a monthly Illini publication but which since 1902 has been published six days in the week, appearing every day but Monday. The IlUo, the University year book, published by the junior class and issued some time near the end of the college year. From 1882 to 1893 the Other year book was published by the sopho- Publications more class under the title of the Sophograph. The Illinois Magazine, a literary undergraduate publication, issued about once a month more or less irregularly since 1902. The Techno- graph, an engineering publication issued four times a year. The Siren, a humorous publication issued nine times a year. Other publications not under the control of the Illini Publishing Company are the Agriculturist, a monthly magazine, published by the Agricultural dub, and The Illinois Chemist, edited by the students and faculty of the department of Chemistry. FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 51 The military bands, officially a part of the University brigade, are popular and efficient organizations. Competi- tion for places in them is very keen, and The in most cases membership in them is Military Bands gained only after repeated trials. Mem- bership in the bands requires the sacrifice of much time in rehearsals, drill periods, special occasions, and concerts, but the experience and training gained is very valuable. Credit for Military drill is given to the freshman and sophomore members and remission of the tuition fees in the University to the junior and senior members. The instruments are furnished by the Uni- versity, and the instruction is under the direction of the Instructor in Band Instruments. Two home concerts are given each season, and a short concert trip is made to nearby cities. The Glee and Mandolin Clubs, limited in membership to about forty members, are composed of students of some ability either in vocal or instrumental The Glee and music. Membership in them is decided Mandolin Clubs by competition early in the year. About two hours a week regularly are spent in rehearsals, and more in the concert season. In the early years of the University the literary societies, of which there were two for men and one for wotnen were the leading social and liiterary literary organizaltions among the stu- Soeieties dents. In tne year 1872-73 the two societies, Philomathean and Adelphic, were given the rooms in University Hall that they have since continued to occupy. In 1905 The Ionian Society, the third men's literary society, was formed. Each society has a membership of from thirty to forty members; all undergraduates who show a talent and interest in literary lines are eligible. The meetings are held weekly and consist of programs of oratorical, declam- atory, musical, extempore, and debating numbers. Considerable activity is shown among the students of 52 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS the University in amateur dramatics. During the year the literary societies and the classes in dra- Dramatics matic reading present plays of one kind or another. There are two organizations devoted exclusively to dramatics — the Mask and Bauble Club and the Illinois Union Opera Company. The former is composed of both men and women students and confines its efforts to drama. The latter is composed exclusively of men and produces each year a comic opera. Places in the casts of the various productions are gained mainly by competition. The Post-Exam Jubilee and the various class social gatherings present programs composed largely of dramatic sketches of a more or less farcical nature. In college, as in the world outside, there are many organizations which a man may not express a willingness to join until invited. These University Social and organizations group themselves mainly Honorary as follows: (1) The national social fra- Organizations ternity group, composing local chapters of college fraternities having a national organization; (2) local clubs, much like local chapters of national fraternities, but having no national organization; (3) honorary societies, membership in which is given as a reward for excellence of achievement along certain lines. At present forty-one national Greek letter social fraternities for men are represented by chapters in the University. Besides these, six profes- Fraternities sional and honorary Greek letter fra- ternities and the Masonic fraternity. Acacia, e^^^t partly as social organizations. In addition to the chapters of national fraternities there are ten local fraternities whose purposes and activities are quite similar to those of the national organizations. FAOTS FOR FRESHMEN 53 NATIONAL FRATERNITIES (social) established founded at illinois Acacia 1904 1906 Alpha Chi Rho 1895 1916 Alpha Delta Phi 1832 1912 Alpha Gamma Rho 1906 1908 Alpha Phi Alpha (Colored) 1906 1916 Alpha Tau Omega 1865 1895 Alpha Sigma Phi 1899 1908 Beta Delta Sigma 1919 1919 Beta Theta Pi 1839 1902 Chi Phi 1854 1912 Chi Psi 1841 1912 Delta Kappa Epsilon 1844 1904 Delta Phi 1827 1919 Delta Sigma Phi 1899 1919 Delta Tau Delta 1859 1872 Delta Upsilon 1834 1905 Kappa Alpha Psi (Colored) 1911 1913 Kappa Sigma 1869 1881 Lamda Chi Alpha 1911 1915 Phi Delta Theta 1848 1894 Phi Epsilon Pi (Jewish) 1903 1920 Phi Gamma Delta 1848 1897 Phi Kappa (Roman Catholic) 1886 1912 Phi Kappa Psi 1852 1904 Phi Kappa Sigma 1850 1892 Phi Kappa Tau 1906 1916 Phi Sigma Kappa 1873 1910 Pi Kappa Alpha 1868 1917 Psi Upsilon 1833 1910 Sigma Alpha Epsilon 1856 1898 Sigma Alpha Mu (Jewish) 1909 1918 Sigma Chi 1855 1881 Sigma Nu 1869 1902 Sigma Phi Epsilon 1901 1917 Sigma Phi Sigma 1908 1919 54 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS ESTABLISHED FOUNDED AT ILLINOIS Sigma Pi 1909 1908 Tau Kappa Epsilon 1899 1912 Theta Chi 1856 1916 Theta Delta Chi 1848 1907 Zeta Beta Tau (Jewish) 1898 1912 Zeta Psi 1847 1909 LOCAL FRATERNITIES (social) FOUNDED Alpha Epsilon Pi (Jewish) 1920 Anubis 1917 Bushnell Guild (Congregational) 1918 Chi Beta 1906 Delta Pi 1919 Gamma Sigma Kappa 1918 Ilus 1907 Pi Pi Rho 1915 Tau Delta Tau 1920 Zeus 1920 Membership in these chapters varies in numbers from twenty-four to forty. Any undergraduate in the University is eligible to membership in them, but he may not express a willingness or desire to join until he is asked. The selection of new members is usually made at the beginning of the year and largely from the incoming freshmen. During this period of **rushing," as the practice is called, the various fraternities invite certain new students to their houses and in other ways pay them attention in order that a mutual acquaintance may be formed in which both parties may determine the desirability of a union. Freshmen may be pledged at once, but may not be initiated until they have passed eleven hours of University work. Some points which fraternity members usually con- sider in prospective members are congenialty, appearance, previous reputation and standing, manners and accom- plishments, probability of remaining in college four years,. FACTS FOR FRESHMEX oS of becoming prominent in college activities, and of becoming a desirable alumnus of the chapter. Inquiry is usually made as to the social standing of a man's family and as to whether or not he is independent in a financial way, though every chapter has a number of members who are earning a part or all of their expenses. Prospect of good scholarship is unive^aally welcomed, but, unfor- tunately, is often not insisted upon. Inasmuch as the fraternities are the leaders in the social life of the University, a clever social behavior is desirable in a pros- pective member, but congenialty of a possibly rough, but attractive sort will often take the place of the other quality. Tendencies to boast or to be "smart," immorality, sporting inclinations, irresponsibility, sullenness, pessi- mism, and effeminacy are some of the qualities that will keep one from being invited to join a fraternity. As the different chapters vary in types and ideals so they vary in the emphasis they may put upon certain of these good and bad qualities. Membership in a college fraternity is prized by college students in general and is usually a source of pleasure and help, but it is by no means essential to one's happiness, prominence, or achievement of worthy college honors. Every chapter exacts a great deal of attention and energy from its members, and a freshman should not agree to become a member of such an organization unle3s he is sure that he will not only not be handicapped by such a sacrifice, but that also he will receive positive good from it. By joining a fraternity one cannot im- mediately leap into social and political prominence, nor has he earned an honor that he can keep without the necessity of hard work, upright habits, forethought, and acceptance of responsibility. No one can be helped by joining a fraternity that has nothing to offer besides the right to wear its badge. In considering this question it is well to consult an unprejudiced, well-informed adviser, for the advice that is intelligently given will vary with the circumstances. One usually gains from joining a good fraternity, but the mistakes made by those who have pledged themselves hurriedly are far more frequent than 56 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS those made after deliberation. No one will lose the chance to join a fraternity by taking sufficient time to consider his invitation. In the end, each must determine his course pretty largely for himself, and must remember that in so doing he is dealing with his own happiness and welfare for the period of his college course. The expense of living in a fraternity is usually about a third or a fourth more than living as a non-fraternity man; though in most cases it need be little more. The necessary expenditures are usually not much more, but the demands for more or less unnecessary expenditures are much greater. The fraternities as organizations constantly do a great deal toward supporting the worthy interests of the Uni- versity and in serving to direct student activity along desirable lines, though their scholarship is not always so good as that of other students. In a good many ways fraternity men are more easily reached and influenced by the Faculty than non-fraternity men, due, perhaps to the fact that they are organized and to the mutual interest that most fraternity men take in the welfare of their fellow members. The freshman who has been given an invitation to join a fraternity should ask the following questions: First of all, am I likely to find its members congenial and helpful to me during the four years of my college life? Are they the kind of men I should like to take into my home? What is the local reputation of their chapter? What is their scholarship average? What is the chapter's financial condition? What is the national reputation of their fraternity? In seeking answers to these questions, it will be wise to consult unprejudiced persons of some fair degree of familiarity with the points in question. Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities will be found helpful in becoming familiar with the national reputation of the various fraternities. A number of honorary fraternities exist. In each FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 57 case membership in these is attained only by exceptionally high scholarship and marked ability. Honorary High scholarship alone, however, will not Fraternities always secure a student's election. Membership in these organizations is prized very highly and is a recognized mark of excep- tional ability. Fewer than one-fifth of the graduating class are elected to these honors. Inasmuch as the candidate's scholarship record for the entire term of his college course is considered, the freshman who would set his ambition on attaining to these honors must begin early. Ma-wan-da is the honorary senior society among men students. Election to membership in it occurs at the end of the junior year. Approximately twenty Ma-wan-da juniors considered most worthy of mem- and Sachem bership in it on the basis of their personality, college activities, and pop- ularity, in the judgment of the retiring senior members^ are elected for active membership during their senior year. Sachem is the honorary junior fraternity. About the same number of members are chosen from the sopho- more class as compose the senior society. A public pledging service is held about the last of May. There are a number of professional fraternities whose members are selected from special departments of study, partly on the basis of their ability and Professional scholarship, and partly on the basis of Fraternities their personal qualities. Membership in these organizations is usually open early in the college course. Some of these organizations maintain their own houses in which their members live. Foreign students of the University have organized two clubs, both of which have houses in which their members live, and both of which are affiliated with national organi- zations. The Illinois Chapter of the Association of Cosmopolitan 58 UXrV'ERSITY OF ILLINOIS Clubs was organized in 1906. Its purpose is to bring together the students who come to the Cosmopolitan University from different nations. It Club numbers among its members almost all of the foreign students of the University; in addition, about half of its members are Americ-ans. It maintains a clubhouse, which is a centre of interest for foreign students. The activities of the club in presenting entertainments in which peculiar, national manners, games, and costumes are shown, are very inieresting to the other students. The Chinese Students' Club has a membership of fifty-five. The club is very active in The Chinese furthering the interests of Chinese Students' Club students in the University and else- where. The fraternal aspect of its T^ork is important. The University is growing so rapidly and the student iDody is becoming so large that the problem of unifying the students in any beneficial way is becoming a very difficult one. Undoubtedly the student organizations con- tribute a great deal to the handling of this problem, and it seems not at all undesirable that every student in the University should be allied with some organization that is in turn allied with the best interests of the University. Each freshman, at any rate, can make no great mistake by casting his lot with some reliable University organiza- tion and accepting what help it has to offer him, until he becomes well enough acquainted with college life to find his way easily himself. Class Organization Each undergraduate class has four oflacers: president, vice-president, secretary, and treasurer, which are elected at the beginning of each semester. There are no constitutions for the guidance of the officers, but their duties are those which usually go with these respective oflaces. The president appoints commit- tees, presides at class meetings, represents the class — the freshman class excepted — on the Student Council, and officiates at the social affairs of his class. The vice-president assists the president, the secretary cares for the class correspondence, and the treasurer receives all the class moneys, oversees the financial under- takings of the various committees, and submits a report at the end of his term of office to the Committee on Student Organization and Activities for audit. The chairmen of the various committees also submit a financial statement of their income and expense to the committee for audit. The election committee of the Illinois Union conducts all student elections and the Student Council of the Union, acting in an advisory capacit/. Elections makes the rules governing elections. Both men and women may vote for class officers. Candidates for class offices must have enough credit hours at the time of the election to be a member of that class, and must be nominated by a petition signed, usually, by twenty-five members of the class. Their petition is presented to the election committee, which checks each name to see that the candidate is eligible, and not on probation. A student on probation may not take part in any student activity. Freshman class elections attract but little interest 59 60 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS for two reasons. First, there is practically nothing for the officers of the class to do, and Freshman second, the class is so large that its Elections members do not become well enough acquainted within a few months to make an intelligent election possible. For these reasons, also, there are seldom enough candidates to fill the offices, and in this case, the Student Council appoints such officers as are necessary. The only functions of the freshman class are the "Frolic" in the first semester, and the annual cap burning near the end of the second semester, both of which are in charge of committees of the Illinois Union. This organization, representing all of the men students in the University, has been constituted by the University author- ities as sponsor for the freshman class, and is held responsible for the organization of the class and the conduct of its business and social affairs. The president of the class for the second semester always appoints the Sophomore Cap Committee to arrange for the purchase of sophomore caps and for the sale of them to the students. Upper class elections usually arouse some excitement and enthusiasm, because the offices carry with them re- sponsibility and honor. Upper Class The president of the sophomore class Elections for the first semester appoints the Sopho- more Cotillion Committee and leads the grand march at this function. Other committees appointed by the sophomore presidents are the Mixer Committee, the Smoker Committee, and the Junior Cap Committee. The junior president for the first semester appoints the Junior Promenade Committee and leads the grand march on this occasion which is one of the leading social events of the year. Other committees appointed in the junior year are the Mixer and Smoker Committees, Senior Hat Committee, and the Senior Memorial Committee. The senior class committees include the Senior Ball Committee, Smoker Committee, Invitation Committee, Cap and Gown Committee, Breakfast Committee, and Class Day FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 61 Committee. The Invitation Committee is always appointed early in the first semester because it requires a great deal of painstaking work to place the contract for the printing, to prepare the copy for the printer, and to sell and distribute the invitations. The Senior Ball is held during commencement week. It is the last social affair of tho school year and is the farewell dance of the seniors. The various class committees spoken of above vary in size from five to fifteen members. In the fall of 1919 the freshman-sophomore class contest was revived in the nature of Freshman- a tug-o-war held at homecoming time. Sophomore This contest may or may not be Games continued. Freshmen wear the green "spot" in fall and spring and the green toque in the winter. Sophomores wear a brown cap with a yellow button. Juniors Class » wear a cap in their class colors and Head Gear seniors wear a hat in the class colors. Classes may change the shape or make of their hats and caps but may not change from a hat to a cap or vice versa or change colors without the approval of the Student Council. Only juniors and seniors may use their class colors in their head gear. The button on the freshman "spots" and toques varies in the different colleges. Literature and Arts, and Commerce buttons are white; Agriculture, purple; Engineering, red; Science, that is, Pre-Medical and Chemical Engineering, yellow. The wearing of class caps is a good custom. It differen- tiates the classes and enables every man to recognize his classmates. Each class has a combination of two basic colors. For the year 1920-1921, the colors of the freshman class will be purple and champagne, of the sopho- Class Colors mores, blue and white, of the juniors, cardinal and gray, and of the seniors, red and blue. Only these four combinations of colors are used, and the freshman class each year takes the colors of the senior class which has just graduated. Historical Sketch The University of Illinois is younger tlian most of the larger state universities, and besides the fact that it is young, it was slow in beginning its development. Like the other state universities the Illinois Industrial Uni- versity, as it was at first called, grew out of the desire of the common people to furnish their children education as good as the best. In July, 1862, an Act was passed by Congress donating public lands, in the ratio of thirty ^'laousand acres for each senator and representative, to the states and terri- tories which would provide colleges for the teaching of agriculture and the mechanic arts. Under this Act Illinois would receive 480,000 acres of land valued at $600,000.00, the income on which could be applied for educational purposes. The Legislature of Illinois accepted the grant in February, 1863. The following year a committee of six, of which Professor Jonathan B. Turner of Jacksonville, Illinois, was perhaps the most influential member, was appointed by the State Agricultural Society to take the matter up, and to present to the State Legislature a plan of organization. This was done, and in February, 1867, a bill was passed by the Legislature locating the institution at Urbana. This action was taken in view of certain donations amounting to perhaps $200,000.00, made by the Illinois Central Railroad Company, Champaign County, and the cities of Cliampaign and Urbana. These donations included the "Urbana and Champaign Institute Building," a large, ill-built structure standing approximately where the baseball diamond on Illinois Field is now located. In this building, which was also used partly as a dormi- tory, the entire work of the University was for a few years carried on. The government of the University was at first vested 62 i'AOTS FOfc FBESHMEN 63 in a Boafd of Trustees, consisting of the Governor, the Superintendent of Public Instruction, and the President of the State Board of Agriculture, ex-officio members, and twenty-eight citizens appointed by the Governor. The chief executive, who was also a member of the Board, was called Regent instead of President, as at present. This body was soon found to be too unwieldy, and in 1873 a new law was passed, providing that the Board should consist of nine members, (appointed by the Governor), three from each grand judicial division of the State. Women were not admitted, and the Trustees in th3 beginning emphasized their belief in the fact that the University was to be made a practical institution by the following resolution: "Resolved, that we recognize it as a duty of the Board of Trustees to make this University preeminently a prac- tical school of agriculture and the mechanic arts, not excluding other scientific and classical studies." Every student was required to spend from one to two hours a day in manual labor for the institution, for which a modest remuneration was allowed. Seventy-seven students were enrolled during the first term of the Uni- versity, which began March 11, 1868. The first Regent, as he was then called, was Dr. John Milton Gregory of Kalamazoo, Michigan. Dr. Gregory served the University as its executive head from March 12, 1867, a year before the institution was formally opened, until 1880. He was born July 6, 1822, at Sand Lake, New York. He graduated from Union College, in 1846, studied law from 1846 to 1848, and later, after some time spent in the study of theology, he entered the Baptist ministry. He taught in a secondary school in Michigan for a time, and was in 1858 elected State Superintendent of Public Instruction of the state of Michigan, which position be held until 1863, when he was elected to the presidency of Kala- mazoo College. He was a man of the highest ideals, and of the broadest sympathies; he had a far-reaching vision of what such an institution as a State University should be. 64 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS and should be able to accomplish; and he endeavored to lay the foundations of the University deep and strong. He exercised the strongest personal influence upon the student body. In January, 1870, a mechanical shop was fitted up with tools and machinery, and here was begun the first shop instruction given in any American university. Women were first admitted to the University in 1870. The story is told that when the members of the Board of Trustees were deliberating over the matter in a room in the old dormitory, a group of students, much interested in the outcome were gathered in a room above listening through a friendly stovepipe hole to the discussion going on below. When the vote was finally taken, and was announced as favorable to the young women, an approving shout was heard from the gallant fellows above. The young women have ever since been thus kindly received. Twenty-four women registered the first year. The same year a system of student government was adopted which for a time seemed to work admirably. Politics soon crept in, however, and perverted justice, and the system was in 1883 abandoned. In 1871 a bill was passed by the Legislature appropriating $75,000.00 for a building to cost not less than $150,000.00, and providing that $75,000.00 additional be appropriated at the next meeting. University Hall was begun, but the Legislature did not make the expected additional appropriation; and the building had to be completed with money taken from other University funds. A dark line may still be seen on the walls of this building where the bricks were stained from exposure during the delay necessitated while waiting for funds. The first publication by the students of the University appeared in November, 1870. It was called the Student, and was published monthly. Two years following the name was €!ianged to the Illinij by which name the University daily is still known. In 1887 the University was first given permission by the Legislature to grant degrees. Previous to this time graduates of specified courses had simply been given certificates indicating that they had FACTS FOR FRESH>IEN 65 satisfactorily completed an outlined course of study. In 1880 Dr. Gregory resigned his position as Regent. He spent the remainder of his life in Washington, D. C, where he died October 20, 1898. By his own special request he was buried on the University grounds. His last resting place is marked by a prairie boulder under the trees between University Hall and Wright street. Dr. Selim H. Peabody, formerly Professor of Physics and of Mechanical Engineering, on the resignation of Dr. Gregory was appointed Regent pro tempore. The follow- ing March he was made Regent. Dr. Peabody was born at Rockingham, Vermont, August 20, 1829, and prepared for college in the Public Latin School of Boston. He was graduated from the University of Vermont in 1852. In 1877 he received the degree of Doctor of Philosophy from the same institution, and four years later was given by the University of Iowa the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws. All of his life following his graduation from college was spent in teaching in high schools and colleges, both in the East and in the West. He came to the University in 1878 as Professor of Physics and Mechanical Engineering. He was a man of wide learning. It is said of him that at the time of his appointment to the office of Regent in 1880, he could have taught successfully any subject then offered in the curriculum of the institution. He remained at the head of the University until 1891. He died at St. Louis, Missouri, May 26, 1903. During his administration a number of events occurred of interest in the development of the University. The Legislature, which had been niggardly in its appropriation of funds, became somewhat more generous, and made appropriations both for the maintenance of the institution and for the erection of buildings. The appropriation for the erection of the old Armory was made in 1889, and for the north wing of the present Natural History Building in 1891. Professor N. C. Ricker drew the plans for both of these buildings. A number of departments were added to the curriculum, including Mining Engineering, Ped- 66 tJNIVEBSITy OF ILLINOIS agogy, and Rhetoric and Oratory, and an effort was made to gain a stronger control of student affairs. The Illini was reorganized, the time required to be put in by students in military drill was reduced, and fraternities and other secret societies were banished. A rule was passed that no student should enter the University until he had pledged himself not to join a fraternity, and that no student should be graduated until he had certified that while in the University, he had not belonged to any fraternity. The rule was strenuous, but was later repealed. The University had experienced a good deal of annoyance and found that considerable misunderstanding had arisen from the name "Illinois Industrial University," toiany people of the State having the idea that the University was a sort of penal institution or reform school. The Trustees, therefore, petitioned the Legislature to change the name to "University of Illinois." This petition was acted on favorably in 1885, and brought great rejoicing to the friends of the University. The State Laboratory of Natural History was this same year brought to the University. By an Act passed in 1887 Trustees of the University were henceforth to be elected by popular vote. This change made it possible also for women to be members of the Board. The change in the manner of election helped materially to bring the institution before the people of the State, many of whom had previously known little or nothing of its character or existence. On the resignation of Regent Peabody in June, 1891, the Board of Trustees appointed Professor T. J. Burrill as Acting Regent, and he served during an inter-regnum of three years. Up to this time the number of students in attendance had but once reached five hunared. The University was known almost exclusively, if known at all, as an engineering and an agricultural institution, though in agriculture it had few students, and had done little work. The Legislature became more generous; appro- priations for new buildings were received; more money for operating expenses was secured; graduate work was undertaken; and the whole institution seemed to have an FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 67 awakening. The attendance increased; student organ- izations were aroused; the ban was taken off fraternities; and the relations between students and Faculty became more agreeable than they had been for years. Students were allowed greater liberty of action, and responded with greater sanity of conduct. A women's gymnasium was established; the Engineering Building was erected; and the office of Registrar was created. Everywhere a better spirit grew up. In April, 1894, Dr. Andrew Sloan Draper, then Super- intendent of the Cleveland, Ohio, schools, was elected head of the institution, the title being changed from Regent to President. He entered upon the duties of his office September, 1894. ^ Andrew Sloan Draper, the third President of the University, was born June 21, 1848, at Westford, New York. He was reared and educated in the state of New York, and for many years formed a large part of the political and educational life of that state. He w^as a graduate of the Albany Academy, and received his trainim? for the profession of law in the law school of Union Col- lege, graduating in 1871. He received the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws from several of the leading universities of the country. For nearly a dozen years after his graduation in law, he practiced his profession. He was a member of the New York State Legislature in 1881, judge of the United States Court of Alabama Claims from 1884 to 1886, and State Superintendent of Public Instruction from 1886 to 1892. The two years previous to his coming to the University he had been superintendent of the public schools of Cleveland, Ohio. President Draper had had wide experience with men, in politics and in educational work; he had shown his ability as an organizer; and he put this quality to good use in his management of Qniveristy affairs. He established the fact that the University to be successfully operated needed more buildings, and more money, and he got both. He enlarged the facilities for work in all the colleges; through his influence the College of Law was organized; the present School of Library Sciepce was brought to the University; a School of Music 68 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS was established; and an affiliation was made with the College of Physicians and Surgeons in Chicago. He showed the keenest personal interest in students and student activities. He was a rigid and successful disciplinarian, but he at the same time stood for what furnished students physical and social enjoyment. He enlarged the social life of the students; he encouraged athletics; he cultivated a friendly relationship between students and Faculty; and he brought about harmony where there had been frequently dissension. President Draper managed in a large degree to put the University right before the people of the State, who in many cases had looked upon it with disfavor, or with indifference. It was by his skill in 1897, when the treas- urer of the institution defalcated, carrying with him nearly a half million dollars of the University funds, that the University was brought through its difficulties with a minimum of loss and friction, and the State was im- mediately led to fulfill its legal obligation to the Federal Government by assuming the regular payment of the interest on the endowment funds which had been stolen. Under his administration the Engineering Experiment Station was established; eleven important buildings were erected at a cost of $835,000.00; the amount appropriated for general running expenses of the institution was in- creased three-fold; and the attendance grew from 750 to 3,500. Among the best services which he did to the University was to organize its regulations, and to put them into written form. Dr. Draper resigned his position as President in 1904 to become the Commissioner of Education of the State of New York, a position which he held until his death in May, 1913. Dr. Edmund Janes James, the fourth President of the University, assumed charge November 5, 1904. President James was born May 24, 1855, at Jacksonville, Illinois. He prepared for college in the Model Department of the Illinois State Normal School, Normal. He was later a student of Northwestern University, and of Harvard Col- lege, and received hi§ Doctor's Degree from the University FACrrS FOR FREvSHMEN 69 of Halle. He taught in the public high school of Evans- ton, Illinois, and in the high school department of the Illinois State Normal School, Normal; from 1883 to 1896 he was Professor of Public Administration in the University of Pennsylvania, and Director of the Wharton School of Finance and Economy. From 1896 to 1902 he was Profes- sor of Public Administration and Director of the Uni- versity Extension Division of the University of Chicago. He was President of Northwestern University from February, 1902, to September, 1904, when he resigned to become President of the University of Illinois. President James is the first native of the State of Illinois to be elected President of one of the three great universities of the State — Northwestern, Chicago, and Illinois. He presided over two of these, and was for six years a professor in the third. He is thus a Sucker by birth, education and career, — a genuine product of the corn belt itself, of which fact he is naturally proud. During President James' administration the University made material advances especially along scholarship lines. Many new buildings, also, were added, and the appro- priations for operating expenses were generously enlarged at each biennium. Salaries of men of professorial rank were increased fifty per cent., and for this reason it was possible materially to strengthen the teaching force. Distinguished scholars were brought to the University from all over the world, and emphasis was laid upon the importance of the University's going into research and graduate work if it were to take its place among the great universities of the country. The Graduate School became an actuality, and the Legislature and the people of the State came to see its importance, and to approve definite appropriations for its support. A separate Graduate School faculty was organ- ized, and graduate instruction developed and strengthened. There was established a School of Education, the State Geological Survey, and a School of Railway Engineering and Administration. The College of Literature and Arts and the College of Science were combined into the College 70 UNIVEBSITY OF ILLINOIS of Liberal Arts and Sciences, and the standard of efficiency materially raised. In May, 1911, a law was passed providing for a one mill tax on all the assessed property of the State for the support of the University. Previously the University had had a somewhat uncertain source of support. The one mill tax put the regular support of the University upon a safer foundation, and assured a regular income. No other event in the history of the institution was more important than the passage of this bill. President James, because of ill health, in June. 1919, was given a leave of absence until September, 1920. He resigned in the early spring of 1920. Doctor David Kinley, the fifth President of the University, took charge of University affairs as Acting President in June, 1919, at the time President James was granted a leave of absence. He was elected to the office of President in May, 1920, and assumed office September 1, following. President Kinley was born in Dundee, Scotland, August 2, 1861. With his father he came to the United States in 1872. He was graduated from Yale in 1884. pursued graduate studies at John Hopkins in 1890-2, and was granted the degree of Ph. D. from the University of Wisconsin in 1893. For the first six years following his graduation from Yale he held the position of principal of the high school of North Andover, Massachusetts. He was for a time instructor in the Woman's College of Baltimore, and during his year of graduate study at the University of Wisconsin was fellow and assistant in Economics. He came to the University of Illinois in 1893 as Assistant Professor of Economics, and a year later Was promoted to the rank of Professor of Economics, Dean of the College of Literature and Arts, and Director of the School of Commerce. He has been Dean of the Graduate School since 1906 and Vice-President of the University since 1916. President Kinley is recognized as one of the leading economists of the country. He has written and published extensively. Under his direction the College of Liberal FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 71 Arts and Sciences of the University was developed and strengthened. He was largely responsible for the organ- ization and growth of the present College of Commerce and Business Administration of the University, and the Graduate School was scarcely more than a name until he was made its head. As Vice-President he has looked after University affairs in the absence of the President and he has at all times been an agressive ally of President James in advancing the interests of the institution. In 1910 President Kinley declined an appointment as member of the Illinois Tax Commission in order that he might accept an appointment from President Taft as delegate to the Fourth International Conference of Amer- ican States at Buenos Aires and as Minister on special mission to Chile on a delegation representing the United States at the Centennial of Chilean independence. During the war, as head of the War Committee, he performed a really distinguished service for the University. What he will accomplish as President is indicated by what he has already done during his twenty-seven years of service. The Organization of the University For the purpose of doing business the University is divided into schools and colleges, each with its separate body of instructors, or faculty. Each school is presided over by a Director, and each college by a Dean. At Urbana there are the Colleges of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Commerce and Business Administration, Engineering, Agriculture, Education, and Law, and the Schools of Music and Library Science. The Deans of the colleges, together with the President, the Vice-President, the Dean of Men, and the Dean of Women make up the Council of Administration. The Senate is composed of professors, or those acting as heads of departments, even though they may at that time be below the rank of professor. Those persons who give instruction in a school or a college constitute its faculty. The Council of Administration, which is an executive body, meets every Tuesday at four o'clock. It has final action on all student disciplinary matters. Cases of dis- cipline are first considered by the Honor Commissions or a committee appointed by the Council, of which the Dean of Men is chairman in the case of men, and the Dean of Women in the case of women. The findings of these commissions or committees are reported to the Council of Administration for its final action. The Council considers all irregular matters concerned with the waiving or the enforcement of general University rules. It is for the student a sort of court of last appeals. The Senate, which corresponds to the general faculty in most colleges, meets on the first Monday of October, December, February, April, and June. It concerns itself with legislative matters of a general character, or those which affect the whole institution. Its regulations have to do with such educational matters as affect all of the colleges, or the general University policy. It passes on 72 FACTS FOE FRESHMEN 73 such matters as entrance requirements, the requirements for graduation, the general regulations of athletics, and so on. It has nothing to do with the enforcement of Uni- versity laws. The faculties of the respective schools and colleges meet at times best suited to each individual organization. Some meet each week, and others only at the call of the Dean or the Director. Each faculty exercises legislative functions with regard to educational matters pertaining to its own work. It determines, for example, the amount and the character of work which students may take, the prerequisites for courses, the conditions on which students may proceed, and so on. The final authority in executive matters lies with the Dean of the college. The Dean of Men is a general University officer who has charge of student activities, social matters, and mat- ters of conduct pertaining to the undergraduate men. He is chairman of the disciplinary committee for men, and has supervision over class attendance. He is concerned with the conduct, progress, and interests of individual stu- dents. The Dean of Women bears a similar relation to the undergraduate women of the University. The Campus and University Buildings The land occupied by the University and its several departments embraces 235 acres, besides a farm of 865 acres. The main part of the campus, the part used most for ordinary class work, is a long, narrow strip lying between the residence districts of Champaign and Urbana. The dividing line between the two towns is Wright Street, which forms the west boundary of the campus. Thus the University is located within the city limits of Urbana. University Avenue, which extends directly east from the Illinois Central Railroad station in Champaign, touches the north end of the campus. From this street south to the lower end of the campus proper is a distance of one and one-half miles. The north end of the campus is devoted to the athletic interests, containing Illinois Field and the Men's Gymnasium. The part of the campus between Springfield Avenue, the street intersecting the campus at the Men's Gymnasium, and Green Street embraces the buildings of the engineering group. The middle campus contains mainly buildings occupied by departments of the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences; and with the excep- tion of the Military Drill field, the College of Agriculture and the Agriculture Experiment Station use the entire south campus. The privileges of the campus and the buildings are open to all members of the University, except where notice to the contrary is posted. It is traditional that persons using the campus and buildings shall keep to the campus walks and shall not mar in any way the exterior or interior appearance of the buildings. The University has made a request that there be no smoking on the campus or around any of the buildings. Otherwise the walks of the campus and the corridors of all of the buildings may be used with entire freedom. In the main entry of almost all of the buildings there is a directory of the offices and rooms. 74 Miscellaneous Information RULES FOR UNDERGRADUATES The rules governing the conduct and management of undergraduate students are published by the University and may be had at the time of registration or by asking for a copy at any of the University offices. Students will do well to familiarize themselves with these rules. MILITARY DRILL The University being one of the "Land Grant" colleges is required to give regular instruction in Military Science. All able-bodied male students under twenty-five years of age and citizens of the United States must take Military drill during their freshman and sophomore years. Stu- dents twenty-five years of age when they enter the University, students who are not citizens of the United States, those who enter with junior standing, and those physically unfit, are excused from this requirement. All other students must at the time of registration make a deposit of $25 for the uniform of olive drab and other equipment required, and register for the course in Military. During the early history of the University, students were required to drill during their entire connection with the institution, from the time they entered the academy until the end of the senior year. In 1880 seniors were excused from the drill requirements, and in 1891 "preps" and juniors were included among those excused. The University cadet brigade is now the largest in the country, and has been brought to a very high degree of efficiency. The non-commissioned officers are selected from the sophomore class, lieutenants from the junior class, and the field officers and captains from the senior class. Students who are absent from any exercise in Military drill must secure an excuse for this absence from the office 75 76 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS of the Dean of Men and present it to the Military Com- mandant before Saturday noon of the week in which the absence occurs. Failure to do this will cause the student to make up two drills for every one thus absent. Absences from Military drill are not reckoned as other cuts. Students are disciplined in other and more severe ways for cutting Military drill than by being dropped from class. PHYSICAL EDUCATION Physical Education is a required course for all fresh- men. Students, however, who are physically unable to take the course may be excused by presenting a petition after registration. Men who are doing manual labor to help earn their living, or who have other legitimate excuses, may be excused from the gymnasium exercises by presenting a petition in person at the office of the Dean of Men. Blank forms for these petitions may be obtained from any of the executive offices. Lectures on personal hygiene are given once a week for the first semester. All students whether or not excused for athletic cv other work, are required to attend these lectures. MEDICAL ADVICE Every one at some time during his college course is likely to need medical advice. There are in Champaign and Urbana and about the University a number of excel- lent physicians and others not so good. Students should not engage a physician without asking the advice of some one who has been in the community long enough to give intelligent advice. This will ordinarily not be another student. The University now has a Health Officer who will give medical advice to male undergraduates who need it. He does not, however, treat students. The Dean of Men will be glad to advise students on this subject at any time. No more important advice has been given in this book than that contained in this paragraph. STUDENTS' MUTUAL BENEFIT HOSPITAL FUND The Students' Mutual Benefit Hospital Fund, formerly FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 77 the Hospital Association, was organized in 1899 to provide a fund to furnish hospital care for students in case of illness. Each student pays a fee of $2.00 a semester, and the sum thus raised, so far as the money available will do so, is used to pay the hospital ward fee of such contribu- tors as fall ill. Students must be in good health when they pay the fee, and in case of illness are entitled to care for a length of time not exceeding four weeks each semester. The physician's bill and the fee for a special nurse, if one is required, are not included in the amount paid out of the Benefit Fund. The fee will not be received later than three weeks after the first day of registration in any semester. You cannot spend two dollars more wisely than to contribute to this fund, since it insures excellent care and more rapid recovery in case of illness. The fund is managed by the Dean of Men. INTERMISSIONS An intermission of ten minutes is allowed between recitation hours in which students are to get from one building or from one class to another. Many instructors mark students absent who are not in the class room by the time the second class bell rings. Students who are un- avoidably late will do well to speak to the instructor at the close of the class period to avoid being marked absent. THE HONOR SYSTEM The honor system is in force at the University of Illinois. All examinations and written work are done strictly on one's honor; there is no faculty supervision, and every student is expected to use his influence to prevent cheating and to enforce the highest standards of honesty in all University work. The honor system was adopted in the spring of 1919. It had been advocated for many years but it was not until the University voted to install a system of proctoring examinations that the demand for the honor system became general. After an enthusiastic campaign it was adopted by the student body in a referendum by a vote of 2833 to 215, 78 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS and the final examinations that spring were taken under the honor system. There is an honor commission for men composed of seven members, four seniors and three juniors appointed by the Student Council, whose duty it is to try all cases of dishonesty reported to them. The punishment recommended by the honor commissions is quite regularly enforced by the Council of Administration. Thus far the honor system has been successful here. It has helped to prevent much cheating and has punished violations which have been proved. The system as applied at this University^ originated at Princeton and is today in force in a number of universities and colleges. In some it has failed. At Princeton they call it "one of their most cherished traditions." To most freshmen the honor system is something new and they should become familiar with its workings. As University men and women they ought to be capable of being trusted. Their living up to the honor system will develop their character and make the University of Illinois proud of its tradition. STUDENT EXPENSES "What does it cost?" is the most important question in the mind of many students who expect to come to the University. The answer is simple. Like the cost of living in general, the expenses of a student vary with individuals and according to the economic conditions. As a rule women spend more than men, freshmen spend less than upperclassmen, fraternity men spend more than men who do not belong to an organization, and men working their way through school spend least of all. Remember, how- ever, that it is not difficult to find exceptions to these assertions both in the direction of economy and extrav- agance. In the spring of 1920, which was a period of rising prices, the office of the Dean of Men undertook to ascertain the average expense of students for the year 1919-1920. Information concerning their expenses was obtained from FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 79 different groups of students and the averages are shown in the following table. Individual expense accounts varied from four hundred and fifty dollars to two thousand two hundred dollars. The cost of board averaged about seven dollars and fifty cents a week and room rent about ten dollars and fifty cents a month. Other averages for the nine months were: university fees, thirty-seven dollars and seventy-nine cents, (the fees have been increased since) ; books and supplies, thirty-six dollars and eight cents, clothing, two hundred and twenty dollars and forty-seven cents, and laundry and miscellaneous, one hundred and sixty-five dollars and seventy-eight cents. Men Women .. TOTAL |Av. Av. lAv. Fresh. 709.34 777.83 724.56 Soph. 775.31 909.52 807.74 Juns. I 881.31| 761.06| 774.151 Sens. Total A V 821.06 763.16 973.42 1 868.44 861. 74i 791.97 Living in Frat. Houses Not Living in Frat. Houses. Self Supporting Partly Self-Supporting ....... Non Self-Supporting Av. Av. Av. Av. Av. 791.38 666.94 625.03 774.21 892.17 679.76 658.05 687.18 831.13 849.24 672.94 654.59 694.37 859.69 922.65 I 877.29 801. 17| 689.74 732.63| 664.05 702.94J 712.86 932.141 845.79 Living in Frat. Houses Not Living in Frat. Houses Self Supporting Partly Self-Supporting Non Self-Supporting Av. Av. Av. Av. Av. Men 835.22 662.62 677.39 736.19 809.72 Women Total Av 984.29 ^iz.n 762.66 689.08 651.07 673.00 554.01 718.84 916.61 855.29 Self Supporting Partly Self-Supporting Non Self-Supporting |Av. |Av.| lAv.l Living in Frat. Hovise No 623.32 648.92 732.87 Yes 695.23 741.81 922.82 I Total Av. I 659.27 ! 686.72 I 853.94 Calendar The University opens on the Wednesday nearest the twentieth of September. Registration days are the two days previous to the day of opening. Registration Entrance examinations are given the week before registration to such students as find it necessary to take them. New students who have not registered during the summer should obtain permits from the Registrar's office and should take these to the office of the Dean of the college in which they wish to register. Directions as to how to proceed will be given them there. Old students (men) who were not registered in the University the previous semester should obtain a permit from the office of the Dean of Men. Students registered the previous semester should go directly to the office of the Dean of their respective colleges. Men who do not register upon the regular registration days must pay a fee of one dollar for late registration. All fees are paid at the time of registration. A convocation of the men of the freshman class is held in the Auditorium at four Freshman Convocation o'clock on the first day (Wed- nesday) of the semester. Football practice begins by Conference rule on Sep- tember 20. Freshmen wishing Football Practice to try out for their team should see the freshman coach on Illinois Field. A reception to men is given by the Young Men's Christian Association on the second Friday night of the semester. All new men Y. M. C. A. Reception are welcomed. Refreshments are served and an opportunity furnished to get acquainted. 80 FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 81 Class elections occur on the second Friday in October, under the direction of the Students' Class Elections Council. This includes the freshman class elections also. A primary election is held one week previous to the regular election. A report on the scholastic standing of all freshmen and special students and on all other students whose work is below C is made on the fourth Friday First Report in October to the dean of the college in On Scholarship which the student is registered. Men may find out their standing in a general way by calling a few days later than the date of the reporcs at the office of the Dean of Men. Students who are reported as doing poor work in more than one subject are called to the office of the dean of their college for conference. The Fall Handicap is an annual event occurring in November for track athletes representing the various classes and handicapped on the basis of Fall Handicap their previous records. Medals are given to the winners of places. The meet is the first try-out for prospective candidates for the 'Varsity Track squad. On the day of the most important football game on Illinois Field a Home Coming celebration Home Coming occurs. Hundreds of old students visit the University, special meetings and demonstrations are held, and there is a general reunion of all college organizations. A conference of the high school teachers of the state is held at the University during the week High School previous to Thanksgiving. This confer- Conference ence is one of the most largely attended of its kind in the country. Thanksgiving day only is now given as a holiday. Thanksgiving The former practice of having a vacation of five days has been abandoned. 82 UXITEKSITY OF ILLINOIS The Junior Prom is set for the second Friday night in December. It is considered the most for- Junior Prom mal and elaborate college dance of the year. Freshmen may not attend. A second report on scholarship is made to the college office on the second Friday in Second Report on December. Students who have Scholarship been reported for poor work both in October and in Decem- ber are notified and their parents written the facts. The Christmas Concert by the Choral Society is given on the Tuesday evening of the Christmas Concert week previous to the beginning of the Christmas recess. A Christmas recess of approximately two weeks is given, the exact dates of which Christmas Recess are announced in the University Catalog. Students may not ex- tend this vacation without permission. Those who find it necessary to extend their vacation may present a petition ten days before the beginning of the vacation. Men may leave these petitions at the office of the Dean of Men and women with the Dean of Women. Final examinations for the first semester begin on the last Saturday in January and continue for ten days. Most examinations are held in the fore- Examinations noons from eight to twelve. Examina- tions in first hour subjects (8:00 to 9:00 o'clock) occur on the first day of the examination period, and so on. Students with confiicts must arrange these with the Dean of Men before the time scheduled for the examination. The afternoons of examination days are occupied with the examinations in subjects the work of which is given in sections. The Sophomore Cotillion occurs on the Friday night of Sophomore Cotillion the first semester following ex- aminations. FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 83 Registration for the second semester occurs on the Monday and Tuesday following Kegistration the close of the first semester. Men who do not complete their registration on these days must pay a special fee of one dollar. A "stunt'' program, called the Post-Exam Jubilee, in the Auditorium, is presented un Post-Exam Jubilee der the management of the Young Men's Christian Associa tion, on the first Tuesday evening of the second semester. The Military Ball is given on the Friday night of the Military Ball week in which Washington's birthday occurs. The annual Military Band Concert occurs on the eve- Band Concert ning of the first Saturday in March. Reports on scholarship for the second semester are Spring Report on made on the third Friday in Scholarship March. But one report is made during the second semester. The Easter recess begins on Thursday at eleven o'clock previous to Easter Sunday and Easter Recess ends on Tuesday noon following Easter Sunday. Students may not extend this vacation without special permission. The "Welcome to Spring," an impromptu celebration in recognition of the coming of Spring Celebration spring, occurs without announce- ment on the first pleasant eve- ning in early April. Interscholastic week occurs near the middle of May. The exercises of this week in- Interscholastic Week elude the May Pole Dance on Illinois Field, the Stunt Show, the Circus, and the athletic events of the Interscholastic meet. Between the fifteenth and the thirty-first of May are 84 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS scheduled the military events of the year, including Mili- tary Day, the Hazelton prize drill, the 3Iilitary Events annual military inspection, and the com- pany competitive drill. An extra penalty is imposed upon the cadet who fails to be present at the last tv^o events mentioned. Examinations for the second semester begin on the Saturday nearest the first of June and continue ten days. Examinations are given in the same Examinations order as has been indicated for first semester examinations. The afternoons are occupied with the examinations in subjects the work of which has been presented in sections. Commencement occurs on the week following the ex- aminations for the second semester. The events begin with a promenade concert given by the Commencement Military Band in the Gymnasium Annex on the Saturday evening of the week in which examinations are ended. On the Sunday afternoon following the band concert, occurs the Baccalaureate address. Monday is occupied with the Class Day program, and the Senior Ball in the Gymnasium Annex, Tuesday is Alumni Day, and Wednes day is given over to the exercises of Commencement. The Summer Session opens on the first Monday fol- lowing Commencement week and con- Summer Session tinues eight weeks.