BF 851 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. <%?♦ - ©JW'# ^o Shelf.j3.EUl rSA- UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Key to Character OR EVERYBODY THEIR OWN DETECTIYE BY PROF. W. SEYMOUR, Author of " Key to Phrenology," " Psychology or Mesmerism Ex- plained," "Memory and its Improvements," "The Miracles of Christ and their Relation to Natural Laws," "Unseen Forces," "What is True Manhood," Etc., Etc. PHILADELPHIA, F»A. 2^f 3 '^ 1894. "BFS5 J. L. TRAUGER, PRINTER, COLUMBUS, O. Copyrighted May, 1894. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. -i INTRODUCTION.^- WITH truthfulness equal to its importance it has been said, "The proper study of mankind is man," and viewed from almost any standpoint, man cannot fail to become an interesting study. If we view him from an anatomical or a physiological standpoint, and contemplate the veins and arteries, the tubes and canals, the rivers that flow within from the great fountain of life, the whole securely fenced with bone and sinew, beautifully clothed with flesh and covered with a porous skin, the whole system in an erect position and a countenance beaming with all the various emotions of the inner man ; we cannot fail to be impressed with the com- plicated construction and wonderful adaptation of parts. When from a psychological and a phrenological stand- point we contemplate the powers of mind by which he is enabled to soar beyond the atmosphere, and measuring the distance from star to star, the rapidity of motion with which the planets travel in their orbits, or determine with scientific accuracy an eclipse and other phenomena in the Sidereal Heavens; now bending in humble submission or sympathetically weeping 'neath the force of circumstances, then rising in all grandeur and majesty of soul, as if bid- iv Introduction. ding defiance to the force of circumstances, controlling wind and waves and making the very elements of storm subservient to his will; we learn that amid all the subjects that astound the human mind and overpower its faculties none other equals in importance, sublimity or interest, that of the diversified parts and characteristics of a human being. And with a desire that I may assist in the great task of simplifying this study, and realizing the. importance of a lower priced volume in a more condensed form than any of the standard works upon the subject, I have been prompted to offer this volume to the public. TABLE OK CONTENTS. PAGES Introduction. — Mankind as a complicated piece of machinery, an important study. Classification OF THE Human Race. — National Types. Illustrations: Authority, Sensuality, As- tonishment, Impudence, Inquisitiveness, Gossip, Attention, Curiosity 1-9 Palmistry or Hand Reading. — Line of Life, Line of the Head, Line of the Heart, Line of Apollo, Mounds, Cross Lines, Angles, Fingers. Finger Nails, Elementary Hand, Philosophic Hand, Spatula Shaped Hand, Square Hand, Pointed Hand, Psychic Hand, Mixed Hand, Modes of Shaking Hands 10-28 Physiognomic ae Expressions of Character. — Illustrations: Meditation, Spirituality, Affection, Domestic, Sensitive, Sanguine, Desponding, Path of Virtue, Path of Vice 28-31 Modes of Walking. — The Firm Step, The Bent Form, The Step of Pride, The Slovenly Step, The Sexual Step, The Generous Step, The Selfish Step, The Approbative Step, A Shoemaker's way of telling when men walk well, Reading Charac- ter from the Shape of the Feet 32-39 Grades of Character. — Intelligent Type, Observ- ing Type, Aspiring Type, Philosophic Type, The I uobserving Type, non-Comprehensive Type, The Awkward Type, Heroic Type, Self-sacrificing Type, Submissive Type, Severe Type, Sympa- thetic Type, Emotional Type, Charitable Type, Affectionate Type, Consoling Type, Business Tpye, Overseers, Financiers, Buyers, Salesmen . . 40-70 vi Tabic of Contents. PAGES The Chin. — Square Chin, Retreating Chin, Pointed Chin, Dimpled Chin, Protruding Chin 71-73 The Mouth. — The Lips, Horeshoe Mouth, Small Mouth, Square Mouth, The Ears ' 73-75 The Nose. — Illustrations: Acquisitive Nose, Com- bative Nose, Melancholy Nose, Sensuous Nose, Defensive Nose, Consumptive Nose, Intelligent Nose 76-80 The Byes. — Large Eyes, Small Eyes, Blue Eyes, Brown Eyes, Black Eyes, Hazel Eyes, Gray Eyes. Correspondence of the different color eyes, with the shades of morning, noon and night. ., 80-90 Comparative Physiognomy. — The animal with the human. Illustrations: The Goose, The Hog, The Donkey, The Bear, The Lion, The Fox, The Dog 91-94 The Eyebrows. — Arched Eyebrows, Horizontal Eye- brows, Arched and Horizontal combined, etc., etc. 95-96 The Forehead. — Retreating Foreheads, Square Foreheads, Wrinkled Foreheads, Concaved and Smooth Foreheads, Knotty Foreheads 96-99 To Business Men. — How to select help success- fully. The Accountant, The Buyer, The Sales- man, The Manager, The Mechanic, etc 100-105 How To SELECT a Husband or a Wife. — Court- ship and marriage is governed by cause and effect. Marriages that are the most harmonious are gov- erned by love. Love is brought about by harmony in the nature of those who are united in the bonds of matrimony. A plea for the consideration of harmony in those who would unite in matrimony. Humanity should marry upon the highest plane of their development. Mankind should seek in marriage to improve the race, physically, intel- lectually and morally. Physiognomical signs to be observed 106-122 . Table of Co?itents. vii PAGES Organic Quality.— Illustrations: Harmonious Qual- ity, High Organic Quality, Low Organic Quality, Scrofulous Type, Consumptive Type, Healthy Type, Poor Digestion 123-124 Physiognomical Signs of Disease. — Healthy Type, Scrofulous Type, Tuberculous Type . . 125-130 Heai/Th. — How to improve the Health, the Diges- tion, How to improve the Lungs 131-132 Classification of Temperaments. — Motive Tem- perament, Vital Temperament, Mental Tempera- ment, Mental Motive, Motive Mental, Vital Men- tal, Mental Vital, Motive Vital, Vital Motive 133-140 PHYSIOGNOMY 3T is an apparent fact in human experi- ence that the masses of mankind more readily grasp information presented in object lessons, than that which requires a great deal of abstract reasoning. It is this fact, in conjunction with the request of hun- dreds of my patrons who have become in- terested in my public work as a Phrenolo- gist and Psychologist, that has led me to more fully consider the subject of Physi- ognomy ; for in presenting this subject to the public, I am fully aware that there are many diversions which (often arising from the decep- tions practiced by designing minds) seem to be contrary to almost any rule which may be offered as a standard for reading character ob- jectively, yet while there may be objections offered, there certainly is to be found in the physiognomical appearances and conduct of mankind a sufficient variety of expression and corresponding disposition which may be laid down as a general index to man's moral char- 2 Seymour s Key to Character. acter; which, if understood by the masses of mankind, might be used as a prevention of many of the evils which now afflict our race. That there is a diversity of likeness and proportionately of disposition existing among different people in different countries, commu- nities, and ofttimes even in the same family, no sane person will attempt to deny. On general principles, what a striking contrast do we find between the graceful forms and beautiful fig- ures of Greece, and the protruding lips, re- treating forehead, advancing jaws and flat nosed African. As Mr. Lawrence has re- marked, "Compare the ruddy and sanguine European with the jet-black African, the red man of America, the yellow Mongolian, or the brown South Sea Islander; the gigantic Pata- gonian to the dwarfish Laplander; the highly civilized nations of Europe, so conspicuous in arts, science, literature, in all that can strengthen and adorn society, or exalt and dignify human nature, to a troop of naked, shivering, arid starved New Hollanders, a horde of filthy Hottentots, or the whole of the more or less barbarous tribes that cover nearly the entire continent of Africa ; and although we must refer them all to the same species, they differ Seymour s Key to Character. 3 so remarkably from each other as to admit of being classed into a certain number of great varieties." Blumenback has classified the human race into five varieties, viz. "the Caucasian, Ethio- pian, Mongolian, American and Malay." FIG 1. CAUCASIAN. First: The Caucasian is characterized by the development of the head, which, when viewed from the front, has an almost oval ap- pearance. The development of such foreheads stamps mankind with the impression of intel- igence and civilization. The contrast existingl between the development of the front head in this and other races, together with the mani- 4 Seymour s Key to Character. festations of the intelligence, justifies us in the opinion that the front head is the seat of rea- son. So true is this position, that those who disregard and even deny the technicalities of Phrenology, are willing to admit the truth, that the oval shaped forehead is a physiognomical indication of intelligence. Their predominant Temperament is the mental or nervous. FIG. 2. ETHIOPIAN. FIG. 3. MONGOLIAN. Second : The Ethiopian, of whom the Negro is a sample, is quite a contrast from that of the Caucasian ; the skull is smaller, the forehead retreating, the lower part of the face or cheek is projecting and the nose fiat; Seymour 's Key to Character, 5 indicating as a race more of brutality and less of intelligence. Their predominant Tempera- ment is the Vital. Third: The Mongolian, of whom the Chinese represents the largest family, is char- acterized by their small, oblique eyes, square, fiat face, broad cheek bones, straight black hair FIG 4 AMERICAN. and scanty beard. The Vital and Motive Tem- peraments seem almost evenly blended in this race, and to triumph over the Mental. 6 Seymour s Key to Character. Fourth : The, Americans (which we call the Indians) have a narrow, low forehead, deeply sunken eyes, high cheek bones, usually thin lips and stiff black and straight hair. This race have a strong development of the Motive Temperament. Fifth : The Malays are characterized by their low, round forehead, the nose is full and broad, the nostrils wide and the mouth large. They have what may be termed the Vital- Motive Temperament, the Vital Temperament being more strongly marked than the Motive, but not equal to that of the Ethiopian. Seynfour s Key to Character. 7 To each of these varieties we may deter- mine a number of others ; between the Ger- man and the Frenchman, the Irishman and the Englishman, the Scotchman and the Jew : yea, not only between different nationalities, but even in the same family we often find a variety of likeness and also a corresponding variety of dispositions. And as it is a fact, that where we find this variety of likeness between differ- ent people, we also find a diversity of character, is it not reasonable to suppose that somewhere in the law of correspondence there exists be- tween these physiognomical appearances and the manifest dispositions of character or mental traits, the principles of cause and effect. If this be true, then is it not rational to suppose that by careful study of the physiog- nomical signs we may very closely determine the dispositions and natural tendencies of mind, and if this can be done on general prin- ciples, and the various physiognomical signs and traits of character by which we are enabled to determine the different races of mankind, are governed by cause and effect ; by a closer ob- servation of the diversity of likeness, the char- acteristics of the individual may also be deter- mined. And as we find in different races of 8 Seymour s Key to Character. mankind a uniform correspondence between the dispositions of mind and their general make-up ; not only in the face, but also in the hands, feet, walk and every motion of the body, it is my intention to consider as fully as space will allow the relation which exists between these various physiognomical signs and the disposition or mental traits of character which underlie them. In the first place I shall consider the phys- iognomical signs of the Hand as given by dif- ferent authors. AUTHORITY. SENSUALITY, PHYSIOGNOMICAL EXPRESSIONS OF CHARACTER. PHYSIOGNOMICAL EXPRESSIONS OF CHARACTER. ASTONISHMENT. IMPUDENCE. INQUISITIVENESS. ATTENTION. FIG. 6. PALMISTRY OR H«ND READING. Palmistry is one of the methods by which it is said to be possible to read the past and iuture from the lines in the palm of the hand. And although there may be many errors incul- cated in this method of character reading, there certainly is a planetary influence which more or less affects the lives of all mankind and if these lines bear any relation to the influence of the planets it is an important stud)'. LINE OF LIFE. The "line of life", for instance, as shown in diagram, is the crease running around the base of the thumb. If it.be distinctly marked and of definite color, life is predicted as long and prosperous ; but if it be pale, broad, and indefinite, life will be full of unhappiness. LINE OF THE HEAD. The direction and appearance of the line of the head bears a relation to the mental attributes. If the line be strongly marked, 12 Seymour s Key to Character, long and definite, there is much strength of character ; but if the line is wanting, or incom- plete, there is weakness of character and vacil- lation, and the mind has but little control over the passions and appetites. LINE OF THE HEART. If the "line of the heart" be distinct and fully traced, the one on whose hand it is found is full ol affection, and will be true to fr.ends. The line called saturn or fate, when clear and distinct, and with few, if any, breaks is consid- ered a sure index of the person being- fortunate in most undertakings. The hepatic line is that of the liver, and by its degree of completeness the state of the health is judged. If it proceeds from the wrist straight to the mound of Mercury and is clearly defined it indicates sound health ; but if it presents an irregular appearance it shows a tendency to biliousness. LINE OF APOLLO. In eastern Asia this line development is watched with much solicitude as the youth ad- vances in years, and if well defined at maturity, there is great rejoicing over the good fortune which it is supposed to indicate. Seymours Key to Character. 13 The ring- of Venus is said to be an evil line which forms an arc of a circle between the first and fourth fingers, when strongly marked it manifests great sensuality ; when double licentiousness. The appearance of the lines at the wrist are also said to be an indication by which the length and success of life are foretold. The triple bracelet, or one having three distinct marks, means a long and happy life. mounds. At the root of each finger elevations, more or less distinct, are seen, to which the names mound of Jupiter, mound of Saturn, mound of Apolio, mound of Mercury are applied. At the root of the thumb is usually a well marked elevation which is named mound of Venus. The first or index finger is said to be under the influence of Jupiter, the king of the pagan deities ; because from analogy it con- tains the indices of domination and command, and the elevation is therefore called the mound of Jupiter, which, when large, is said to indi- cate ambition and love of display. The mid- dle finger is placed under the dominion of 1 4 Seymour s Key to Character. Saturn, the supposed executive of destiny or fatality. The third or ring finger is presided over by Apollo, and is, regarded as especially de- voted to the artistic, the beautiful. The little finger claims Mercury as its patron, the grace- ful, wing-footed messenger of the gods. The elevation, more or less conspicuous, about mid- way between the wrist and the root of the little finger, is dedicated to Mars, the heathen god of war; when large, it shows courage, force resistance ; very large, it indicates rudeness, violence, and cruelty ; want of development indicates puerility and cowardice. The outer lowest portion of the palm is presided over by the moon, the type of caprice. A state of full development indicates a strong imagination, chastity, love of mystery, of quiet, loneliness, and meditation. Weak development of this part manifests poverty of imagination and a tendency to the matter-of- fact in thought and statement. Prominence in the region which is regarded sacred to Venus, marks a love of beauty in form, of melody in music, of graceful move- ment, and the desire to afford pleasure through Seymour s Key to Character. 15 love and kindness. If deficiency exist here, these qualities will be lacking ; but if the lower part of this mound be more prominent than the upper, there is an inclination to sensuality. Another writer upon these mounds has de- termined their developments as follows: "The swelled muscles or mounds" in the hand indi- cate, according to which of them predominate the ruling planets. The sons of Jupiter (that is persons who have the mound large) are strong, easy, jovial, frank, fond of display, but his step-children are dissipated, vindictive, and quarrelsome. The Saturnians are long, thin, pale, gloom)', grum- bling. Another class of them are greedy, idle hungry, sharpers. The children of the Sun are endowed with beauty and grandeur of soul, cheerful but wise. His less favored offspring are small, vain, boasting. The men born under the influence of Mercury are slim, wiry, active, boyish, animated, clever, and skillful. The sons of Mars are large, strong-built, red-faced, bold, reckless, great eaters and drinkers, fighters, politicians. They may also be burg- lars, garroters, thieves, brawlers and dema- gogues. The descendants of the Moon are changeable, capricious, reckless, cold, indolent, 1 6 Seymour s Key to Character. untruthful, mystical rather than religious, and full of curiosity. The children of Venus are fond of gay clothing, love pleasure, and are amiable, affectionate, and compassionate." Al- though these mounds may indicate character, (and from careful observation I am led to con- clude that there is a great deal of truth in the signs as laid down in the foregoing statement,) yet we should never forget that the tempera- ments, health and phrenological development have much to do with the manifestations of character even in those whose natural tenden- cies are such as are described by those who have made these signs a study. Hence where the temperaments correspond with the develop- ment of the mounds and the development of reason is also in harmony with the same (and this will invariably be found where education has not interfered) the physiognomical signs will be found to be a true index of character, and even where education has touched the character of the individual with its moralizing and refining pencil, the planetary influence upon character is so strong that under extra- ordinary circumstances its manifestations are very apparent. Seymours Key to Character. ly CROSS LINES. Beside these signs already given there are many other cross lines which are observed by the palmists and astrologists. These cross lines are generally considered unfavorable, as for instance a cross line on the mound of Jupiter shows a tendency to mysti- cism, pride, and self-will ; on Saturn, misfor- tune ; on Apollo, vanity and folly ; on Mercury, a lying and thievish disposition ; on Mars, im- pulse, the probability of sudden death, and a combative nature. THE ANGLES. The triangle formed by the junction or intersection of the line of the head, the line of life, and the hepatic line, are very significant. The angle at the vertex of this triangle, formed by the junction of the lines of the head and life, when sharp and well marked, indicates a good disposition and much elevation of char- acter; when obtuse, it indicates dullness of intellect. The angle at the base, formed by the hepatic line and the line of life, if well and clearly formed, is the index of sound health and amiability. Should it be obtuse or with a large opening, the indication is the reverse. 1 8 Seymour s Key to Character. The remaining angle, formed by the hepatic line and the extremity of the line of the head, near the bottom of the mound of Mars, when well formed and of good color, a long life, with intelligence and good nature. If it be very acute, it betokens a malicious disposition. If obtuse, a sluggish nature and infidelity. If the triangle itself be large, it shows a generous nature, largeness of mind, and noble- ness of character. It it be small, it evinces littleness of mind and spirit. A palm which exhibits many lines is the index of an anxious and disturbed mental life. THE FINGERS. The person whose fingers tend to bend backward, through suppleness and elasticity, is endowed with sagacity, curiosity and address. Fingers short and thick indicate severity. Fin- gers long and straggling are those of the intriguing and impostors, cheats and sharpers. Persons with very smooth, transparent fingers are curious and indiscreet. If the fingers are smooth and conical it is a sign of talkativeness and levity of mind. The musical mind is accompanied by long, well-formed fingers. If Seymour \s Key to Character. 19 the fingers lie perfectly parallel, so that when held together no light can be seen between them, it is a sign of avarice. Strong and knotty fingers mean prudence and capacity. FINGER NAILS. Pale or lead color nails indicate melan- choly people. Broad nails indicate a gentle, timid and bashful nature. Lovers of knowl- edge and liberal sentiments have round nails. People with narrow nails are ambitious and quarrelsome. Small nails indicate obstinacy and conceit. People with very pale nails are subject to much infirmity of the flesh. TYPES OF THE HAJSlD Another Palmist, writing upon the physi- ognomy of the hand, has remarked that "there are seven types and that each type shows the personal character of the owner." He claims that these types have technical names, which he calls : first, the elementary or lowest type ; second, the knotty or philosophic ; third, the spatula ; fourth, the square ; fifth, the pointed ; sixth, the psychic ; seventh, the mixed. 20 Seymour s Key to Character. And according to my observations in the study of character-reading, the description which he has given of the characteristics ot these types is very fairly founded upon truth. THE ELEMENTARY HAND, he claims, "is broad, with short, stubby, thick, and awkward fingers, heavy palm, and a thumb reaching generally to the root of the first finger." This hand is said to merely indicate ani- mal life, such as is found in the low caste Hindoo and the lower order of humanity. It is also claimed that a man possessing such a hand would be one of brutal passions and coarse ideas, quite capable of committing a murder by violence, but ordinarily cowardly both in thought and action. A woman with such a hand would have a similarly brutal, passionate nature, intense vulgarity and little or no control over herself. Stupidity, except a certain kind of low cunning, would be a sure attribute of character in both. Now while I regard the foregoing descrip- tion of the hand as being correct in the main, and that such hands indicate such propensities as have been described, yet there are other Seymour s Key to Character. 2 1 modifying signs which we must consider, or we shall be apt to make serious mistakes in character reading. For while the heavy palm and short, thick, stubby fingers indicate a predominance of the vital temperament which is the seat of passion and the selfish element in the nature of man, which when uncontrolled renders him but little above the brute, and perverted (by his cunning) sinks him below; by education and refinement these same pas- sions may be transformed into feelings of sym- pathy, tenderness and affection for others. So that the physiognomical signs in this as in all other shapes of the hand, face or any other part of the body merely indicate the ground- work of our feelings, the force or power of character, and must be regarded as mere guide- posts to the possibilities and liabilities of char- acter under certain influences. Where we find such physiognomical signs or shaped hands, although there may be a modifying influence brought to bear upon the feelings or passions by a good development of the Mental Tem- perament, there is always a liability of such persons going to extremes in the indulgence of their propensities. 22 Seymour s Key to Character. THE PHILOSOPHIC HAND. Second, we have what is termed the philo- sophic hand. This hand is thin and bony with large knotty joints. People with this shaped hand are said to be extremely original. Form- ing new ideas and maintaining such peculiar views from what is held by the masses of man- kind that they are regarded as cranks. Such persons usually live in advance of their time. They rarely make any great success in life be- cause they are more theoretical than practical. The hand, though thin and bony, is not always long and slender. The indications of charac- ter, which have been described consist more in the irregularity and knotty joints than in any other sign. THE SPATULA SHAPED HAND. Third comes what is termed the spatula hand which is said to be the hand of the suc- cessful man or woman. " The palms are broad with rather long fingers and resemble in shape a spatula at the ends." Persons possessing such shaped hands are naturally active, ener- getic in business, delight in opposing obstacles and usually manifest a good degree of com- Seymour s Key to Charactei . 23 bative spirit. They seem to make the most out of every opportunity. They are often rather impulsive, quick-tempered and are natu- rally frank in the expression of their senti- ments ; they are often found to be among the leaders in society where active, executive ability is required. THE SQUARE HANI). Fourth comes the square hand ; it is also a hand with long fingers, square at the ends, with a broad palm. Where the length of the fingers equals or supersedes the length of the palm, there is usually found in its possessor a great deal of logic and exactness of reason as well as firmness or stability of character. Where the fingers are square and stubby or shorter than the length of the palm, there is likely to be manifested a great deal of mulishness. Persons having the square type of hand usually make good Scientists, Judges, Lawyers, Physicians and Teachers. THE POINTED HAND. Fifth, the pointed or artistic hand is also broad at the palm with fingers tapering toward the points or ends. Persons with such hands 24 Seymour s Key to Character: lack firmness, they are emotional and impul- sive. They seldom stop to reason, they work and act by instinct or inspiration rather than from reason. They make good Musicians, Actors and Writers. They live more in the ideal world than in the practical. They are lovers of the beautiful in Nature and Art. THE PSYCHIC HAND. Sixth, the psychic has a long, slender palm, with fine, long, delicate and pointed fingers. It is said to be the most beautiful hand of all the sculptor's ideal, but it is usually a useless hand, incapable of attainment and expressing comparatively nothing. Persons possessing the psychic type are said to be usually selfish, yet too much swayed by im- pulse for any practical purpose in life. They are what I term altogether too etherial and imaginative for the practical purpose of life. They may sometimes show some artistic tastes and tendencies, but their lack of purpose and persistencies prevents them from, being suc- cessful. THE MIXED HAND. Seventh, this is said to be the most inter- esting of all hands. It is said to be the hand Seymour s Key to Character. 25 generally possessed by the most brilliant, and means great versatility, owing to the fact that its owner possesses the combined qualities of the other six types, yet such people not infre- quently are found to be a puzzle to their friends. They are usually found to be an inconsistent medley ; demonstrating great brilliancy of con- ception, depth of thought, intensity of interest in the paths of virtue and righteousness, while at other times they are found doing the most inconsistent things imaginable. At one period we find them industrious, at another indolent;, and at one time thrifty and saving, almost penurious and miserly, at another extravagant and luxurious ; at one time sanguine and hope- ful almost beyond measure, then despondent almost to despair. In what is termed the mixed type of hand are usually one or two fingers very pointed, while the others are square. In such cases it has been remarked that usually the. first and last fingers are pointed ; such a combination is said to denote clearness and brilliancy of speech with ofttimes but little logic ; where the knotty joints accompany this variety there is apt to- be manifested great brilliancy of speech with logic of argument ; when there is plumpness of 26 Seymours Key to Character.' form, or what may be termed a good develop- ment of the Vital Temperament, manifested in the general make up of the owner of such hands, there will be manifested a good degree of sympathy for the welfare of humanity at one time and a great deal of selfishness at others, according to the influence brought to bear upon their conduct. Such persons are liable to be made either very good or very bad according to their environments. In calling further attention to the hand we might observe the different MODES OF SHAKING HANDS. There is a great deal of character dis- played in the manner of shaking hands ; some persons take hold of the hand of another with a firm grasp and hang on as though they were going to say all they had to say before they would let go ; others take hold with an equal grip but almost momentarily let go again ; others seem to offer their hand very sparingly, ofttimes merely touching yours with the tips ol their fingers and with a gentle shake withdraw them closely to their body or place them in their pockets, muff, or cover them with their garments. Seymour s Key to Character. 27 Each mode of operating is indicative of character. FIG. 8 The firm grasp of the hand and hearty shake indicates large benevolence, a generous nature and a true heart, especially where the grasp is quite lasting. FIG 9. FIG. 10 Where persons take hold oi your hand with a firm grasp, then almost momentarily withdraw theirs from you, it indicates a warm heart but an impulsive nature ; such persons are quick to make friends, but their friendship is not always lasting. Where the pressure of the hand is very light and quickly withdrawn, it indicates a sel- fish and cunning nature. 28 Seymour s Key to Character FIG. 11. FIG. 12. Where the tips of the fingers only are given with a light pressure and a courteous bend of the whole body, it indicates a proud spirit and considerable affectation. MEDITATION. SPIRITUALITY. PHYSIOGNOMICAL EXPRESSIONS OF CHARACTER: PHYSIOGNOMICAL EXPRESSIONS OF CHARACTER. A f DESPONDING. 30 Seymour s Key to Character. THE PATH OF VIRTUE In the above cuts we see resembled the effects of a life of sobriety and virtue. As virtue has its reward in the happiness which it brings humanity, so does it stamp its image upon the countenance. Seymour s Key to Character. THE PATH OF VICE. 3i The above cuts show the downward course of sin, together with its blighting and ruinous effects. No page in this work should convey a more important lesson than this one. Let the youth contrast this with the opposite page and ask themselves the question, Which shall be our journey and end of life. JVIODES OF WflliKlHG Perhaps in no outward sign is there more of true character displayed than in our modes of walking. What a variety of motion do we behold ! And as the motions of the body are a true response to the conditions of the mind, where shall we go to get a more direct expres- sion of man's true inwardness, than in the manner in which men and women carry them- selves in their modes of locomotion. Here we have the firm and steady step, the quick and slow, the long and short, the regular and irregular. The forward motion, the side motion, the bended form, the straight form, the swinging arms, the open and the closed hands, exposed and concealed, with many other varieties of expression too numerous to mention : all ol which are never-failing signs of the character and disposition of the men and women we meet in life. Seymour s Key to Character, $5 THE FIRM, STEADY STEP. The firm, steady step indicates decision of character. The short, quick and irregular step is an indication of impulse and a some- what fluctuating disposition. The long, quick step, with a forward spring, indicates an active, pushing character. Where the step is slow and it seems as though the feet are loath to leave the ground, it indicates a lack of push and want of energy. THE BENT FORM. Where the body (though not deformed) is inclined to bend forward and the eyes drop toward the ground, it denotes thoughtfulness in persons with a well-balanced head ; but if .this be noticed in a person whose forehead is retreating, it denotes secrecy and cunningness. THE STEP OF PRIDE. If a person carries the head high, the neck bent backward rather than forward, especially where the eyebrows are arched, the chin .pointed or projecting, and the mouth round, it is a sign of self-conceit and vain pride. 34 Seymour s Key to Character, THE SLOVENLY STEP. If you see a person with a rolling motion in their walk, it denotes a lack of order and a somewhat slovenly nature. THE SEXUAL STEP. The very short, quick step, with a forward side-action, implies a good degree of combat- iveness, self-conceit and amativeness, as indi- cated in the rooster. THE GENEROUS STEP. . If you see a person with open hands and their arms swinging when walking, you can rest assured that you will find in that person a straight-forward, honest and generous nature. THE SELFISH STEP. If you see a man when walking with his hands invariably in his pockets and his steps light and measured, somewhat "cat like", or his fists closed and his coat buttoned up tight, or a woman with her hands in her muff or under her shawl, or her shawl or dress closed tight around her neck in warm weather, and their shoulders kind of shrugged together, you Seymour s Key to Character. 35 can mark it down as a sign of large secretive- ness and a selfish disposition. THE APPROBATIVE STEP. If, when walking, a person is known to always carry their head back and inclined to lean a little to one side, it is an indication of large approbation, an over-anxious disposition to shine in society, and to win the good opinion of others. It indicates great love of praise. a shoemaker's way oe telling when men walk well. A shoemaker says: "As soon as a man comes into my shop and takes off his shoes, I can tell whether or not he is a good walker, and it is astonishing to find how few men know the proper way to step out. If the shoes are worn down at the heel, not on the side, but straight back, and the leather of the sole shows signs of weakness at the ball of the foot, a little greater on the inside just below the base of the great toe, I know that the wearer is a good walker. " If, however, the heel is turned on one side, or is worn evenly throughout, and the sole is worn most near the toe, I know that I have to 2)6 Seymour s Key to Character, deal with a poor pedestrian. The reason of the difference in position of the worn spots lies in the fact that the poor walker walks from his knee and the good one from his hip. "Watch the passer-by on the street and you will at once see the difference. Nine men out of ten will bend the knee very considerable in walking, stepping straight out with both hips on the same line, and the toe will be the first to strike the ground. The tenth man will bend his knee very little, just enough to clear the ground, and will swing the leg from the hip, very much as the arm is swung from the shoul- der, and not from the elbow. By so doing he calls upon the muscles that are strongest to bear the strain, and increases the length of his stride four or six inches. The heel touches the ground first and not the toe. A slight spring is given from the ball of the foot on making another stride. "Men that walk in this fashion cover the ground thirty per cent, faster with the same exertion than those that walk from the knee. In pugilism the old rule is to strike from the shoulder and not from the elbow. In pedestri- anism it is to walk from the hip and not from the knee." Seymour s Key to Character, $j I give the above quotation here because I consider the proper and proportionate exercise of every muscle of the body to be conducive to health and happiness. HOW YOU CAN READ CHARACTER FROM THE SHAPE AND CONSTRUCTION OF YOUR FEET. " The art of describing character by means of the line, shape and peculiarities of the foot is the very latest way of amusing yourself and your friends. One can quite easily read the language of one's own pedal extremities, as the lines are neither numerous nor complicated. "A narrow foot and high instep indicate a nervous, passionate nature ; a wide space be- tween the first and second toe tells of a gener- ous, unselfish disposition. If your second and third or fourth toes are grown together by a little web, you may feel much satisfaction in the superiority it indicates, for it means that you can always rise above reverses and troubles, that you have the ability to conquer circum- stances, to shape events and surroundings in accordance with your wish. Is your second toe longer than your great toe ? Then you are of a commanding disposition. If your large toe is straight and plump and holds 38 Seymour 's Key to Character. itself up when you straighten your foot out, then you are bound to have ill luck. You are one of those people who act from impulse, who go off at all sorts of unexpected tangents, and who, in addition, do not have the good fortune that sometimes rewards such dashing persons. The flat great toe means caution and prudence, a slow-going disposition and a bull dog capacity for holding onto a thing until success is con- quered. If you have that sort of great toe your friends need have no anxiety about you. You will be the tortoise in whatever race you undertake, but you will get there just the same. "Now look at your little toe. If it is slender and shapely, you are not proud ; you are ami- able and have many friends. " Is this toe bunching and clubbed looking? Then your disposition is haughty and revenge- ful ; you have the pride of Lucifer and the nerve and grit of an old soldier; you could suffer tortures and give no sign, if you made up your mind to do so. But you need to be watchful of yourself, for with this disposition there is indicated, too, a violent temper that may get you into trouble if it is not kept well in hand. Seymour s Key to Cha7-acter. 39 ' 'Now bend the toes of your right foot downward. Is there a sort of little cup, or series of cups, formed in the ball of the foot? That is the cup of happiness which life is going to fill for you. The deeper it is, the more happiness there will be, and if there are sev- eral of them, that means that there is going to fall to your share an unusual amount of happi- ness, for the cups are all to be filled. When the cups are very shallow, happiness may come, but you will not be able to keep it. ''The principal line in the foot is that of love, and means that you are of a tender and loving disposition. The lines that cluster about this, cross or are merged in it, number the friends whose love will stay with you for many years, but if they are outnumbered by the lines that almost touch the line of love, just falling short of reaching it, then much sorrow is your fate, for they tell of dear ones whom death or the changes of life take from us." Next to types of character indicated in the shapes of the hand, the modes of shaking hands, and the manner of walking, we will consider some of the facial types. GRADES OF CHA$ACTEl*. In the countenance we have what may be termed the Intelligent, the Stupid, the Heroic, the Submissive, the Severe and the Sympathetic. FIG. 14. Grades of Intellect. These six types may be used to represent the entire human family. In the first place we shall consider what may be termed THE INTELLIGENT TYPE. There are various expressions of the in- telligent type. There is what may be termed Seymour s Key to Character. 41 the Observing, the Aspiring and the Philo- sophic. First: The Observing Type. These may be determined especially by the development of the front and lower part of the forehead, which is always prominent. The forehead may FIG. 15. Sir J. A. McDonald. or may not stand up square and high, but those faculties located just over the eyes which we call the perceptives are always well de- veloped, giving a fullness and prominence to 42 Seymour s Key to Character. the expression of the eyebrows. If the fore- head is somewhat pointed toward the center and is fuller and stands out farther just over the nose than at the outer corner of the eyes, it renders a person inquisitive and imparts a disposition to get information. If the forehead is well developed just over the outer corner of the eyes, giving the eyebrows from the root of the nose to the extreme outer corner a kind of square appearance, it renders a person sys- tematic and orderly. Such persons are likely to become some- what methodical, and if the upper sidehead is well developed they will be apt to become very much, annoyed by any want of adherence to their methodical habits. As a rule successful business men, generals, governors and man- agers of every kind are men who are well de- veloped at the base of the forehead. What is true of man in this respect is also true of women. A woman having a good de- velopment of the perceptive region usually makes a good governess, good house-keeper, or an overseer in business. Second : The Aspiring Type. These may- be determined by a good development of the •observing faculties (as above described) com- Seymour s Key to Character. 43 birring with a good development of the upper sidehead. Such heads are wide and high above the ears. Persons of this class have a high sense of morality, a love for the beautiful, fine FIG. 16. Ella Wheeler Wilcox. artistic tastes, and a keen sense of propriety in conduct and manners. They make success- ful Poets, Artists and Playwriters. The chin is usually pointed, which, contrasting with the breadth of the tophead, gives the countenance a somewhat oval appearance. The texture of 44 Seymour s Key to Character. the skin and hair is usually fine, and the cor- ners of the mouth turn upward. THE PHILOSOPHIC TYPE. The Philosophic Type may be determined by their broad, square and high forehead stand- ing up almost perpendicular from the root of FIG. 17. Benj. FRANKUir the nose to where the head begins to turn at the top. If the head is very high in front, a person is likely to be a good judge of human nature and will be apt to form a correct estimate of character. If in an ordinary size head, the Seymour s Key to Character, 45 forehead stands up square and broad to about two and a half inches high with a fullness in the center, there will be manifested great rea- soning power ; such persons will be found to be very logical, very apt at illustrations ; they seem to have, and demand, a cause for every effect. They are likely to become Naturalists and Scientists. Lawyers, Editors, Teachers and Statesmen should have a combination of this and the two former types. THE STUPID TYPE. In the stupid types we have the Unobserv- ing, the non- Comprehensive and the Awkward. THE UNOBSERVING TYPE. The unobserving type are persons who are deficient in the perceptive region. Their foreheads just over the eyes are but feebly developed; the forehead is so deficient that the back part of the eye is almost at a level with the front part of the eyebrows. Another sign of this type of humanity (who are what may be termed partially imbeciles) is the smoothness, as well as the flatness of the fore- head, just above the root of the nose. An- other physiognomical sign is the length of the 4 6 Seymour s Key to Character. nose and the upper lip ; if from the inner cor- ner of the eye to the center of the nostril the distance is shorter than from the corner of the FIG. 19. Unobserving Type. FIG. 18. Non-Observing Type. mouth to the bottom of the nostril, it is a sure sign 'of stupidity. (See fig. 21.) The latter sign will apply both to the unobserving and non-comprehensive types. Such persons are easily imposed upon ; as a rule are very credu- lous, and for want of what may be termed practical common sense are ever ready to be- lieve and follow their leaders. THE NON-COMPREHENSIVE TYPES. Such persons are to be recognized by a lack of what may be termed the reflective and constructive region. They may have a good Seymour s Key to Character. 47 development of what is termed observation, the forehead is well developed in the lower part just over the nose, but they are deficient in the development of the upper portion of the forehead, also in the side head in front of FIG. 20. Non-Comprehensive Type. FIG. 21. Awkward Type the ears ; hence, while they seem to see every- thing and have great powers of retention, they are deficient in the ability to classify what they observe and to trace the connection between cause and effect. Hence they seem to be ever doomed to make mistakes and misunderstand the true meaning of what they see or what they may be told. THE AWKWARD TYPE, The awkward type may be regarded as a combination of the two former. There is the 4 8 Seymour s Key to Character. flat, low forehead ; the long upper lip ; the short, flat, turned-up nose, somewhat in shape like that of the hog. The chin is projecting, and the general contour of the head and face, from the chin to the top of the back head, has a retreating appearance. THE HEROIC TYPE. The heroic type may be classified as the ambitious and the self-sacrificing. FIG. 22. Duke of We The ambitious type seem to be a class of people whose deeds of valor are prompted by Seymour s Key to Character. 49 a desire for fame. They demonstrate a great deal of courage and daring in times of danger. They are bold in the defense of home and country, and are never known to shrink from duty in the hour of trial. Such persons are wide at the base of the brain, which gives them a great deal of executive force. They are also well developed at the back head, which renders them patriotic. They are also well developed at the side and top of the back head, which stamps them with integrity and a sense of justice. The combination of the side head around and above the ears (which is said to be the seat of courage) and the top back head (which is said to be the seat of approbation and self- esteem) works together for the accomplishment of their purpose and renders them ambitious to shine. Such persons usually have what is termed the combative and executive nose. The nose is wide in the center, with a kind of bulge on the top, rendering it what we call a prominent nose. It is usually of more than ordinary length. The upper lip is set firm upon the jaw. The chin is broad and prominent, and the mouth square. 5° Seymour s Key to Character, They also have a good development of the Motive Temperament, which enables them to endure hardship and imparts to their nature a great deal of muscular force. This Motive Temperament manifests itself in prominent features, high cheek bones, dense form and a compact frame of body in general. THE SELF-SACRIFICING TYPE are persons whose heroic deeds are done upon the principle laid down in the gospel, "Let not FIG. 23. Mrs. Marion Harlan, Authoress. Seymour s Key to Character. 51 thy left hand know what thy right hand doeth/' Women seem to demonstrate this type oftener than men. One of our Poets has expressed the true sentiment of this class in the following lines: THE BRAVEST OF BATTLES. The bravest battle that ever was fought, Shall I tell you where, and when? On the maps of the world you'll find it not: 'Twas fought by the mothers of men. Nay, not with cannon or battle shot, With sword or nobler pen; Nay, not with eloquent word or thought From the mouth of wonderful men. But deep in a walled-up woman's heart — Of woman that would not yield, But bravely, silently bore her part — Lo! there is the battle-field. No marshaling troop, no bivouac song, No banner to gleam and wave! But oh, these battles! they last so long — From the babyhood to the grave! — Anon. The physiognomical signs of such charac- ters are first, the head is high on the top in front of the ears ; they have a thick upper lip, a large eye, soft and tender, yet a bright ex- pression ; the ears have a heavy lobe at the 52 Seymour s Key to Character, bottom ; the head is broad and high at the top and back, and as a rule they have more of the Vital than of the Motive Temperament. The back, top, and side head stamps them with stability of character ; the base of the back head behind the ears with affection, and the front top head with benevolence and sympathy. THE SUBMISSIVE TYPE are persons with a small retreating chin, a nar- row head between and around the ears, the top back head is low and sloping, and the whole head is inclined to bend forward. The mouth is usually open when they are listening to a conversation or examining anything, and both the upper and lower lips project away from the teeth. They are what may be termed the slaves to society. THE SEVERE TYPE. These are persons whom we usually call dogmatic. They have large Combativeness, Firmness, Self-Esteem, Approbation and Ex- ecutiveness, (or what has been termed De- structiveness.) The Righteousness of their conduct will depend upon the development of their reason Seymour s Key to Character. 53 and conscientiousness. The physiognomical signs of such characters depicted in the coun- tenance, are very similar to those described in the Ambitious Hero, except that in addition to the upper lip being set close upon the teeth, FIG. 25. Severe Type. both lips are very thin. The eyes are usually small; the chin is usually square and somewhat projecting; the fingers are long and slender. If the base of the side head is wide around the ears, their severity will be apt to manifest itself in dealing with persons from a mercenary standpoint, in business relations. If the head is also wide at the back and top, they will be very severe in their reproofs and punishment 54 Seymour s Key to Character. of what they consider to be wrong doing from a moral standpoint ; but being rather deficient in the development of the front head (which fact only could allow them to be severe), their reproofs and punishments are as apt to be un- just as just. It was this type who have dotted the pages of history with the stains of cruelty in the name of religion and who to-day believe that physical punishment is the only road to true morality. THE SYMPATHETIC TYPE. There seem to be a great many grades of this type, and it may almost be considered a conglomeration of all the other five. It may be said of every type, there are times when ex- pressions of sympathy are called forth, but in speaking of the sympathetic types we mean those persons whose sympathetic nature seems to be the predominant feature in their char- acter. There seem to be three distinct classes of sympathetics, which may be termed the emotional, the charitable, and the affectionate. Seymour s Key to Character. 55 THE EMOTIONAL TYPE. Persons of this class are what may be termed the sentimentalists, being carried away by the sublime in Nature and Art. FIG. 26- Fanny Davenport. Poetry, music, pathos, romance, or any- thing majestic, fills their souls with ecstasy and joy. The physiognomical signs, as indicated in the shapes of the face and head of such per- sons, are arched eyebrows, large eyes with a 56 Seymour s Key to Character. soft expression, a wide top head, especially in front, with rather a long, Grecian-shaped nose, and a countenance tapering toward the chin. Such persons make the best poets, artists f actors and descriptive writers. They seem to throw their whole soul into whatever they undertake to do, and are very apt to exag- gerate their surroundings or go to extremes in feeling and acting. They live more in the ideal world than in what is termed the prac- tical. They are the class of persons who are apt to indulge in ideas and philosophies which the generality of mankind regard as mere sophistry. THE CHARITABLE TYPE. This is another class of sympathetics, whose sympathy is called out whenever they are brought in contact with what they regard as suffering, and as there are many different kinds of suffering to which humanity is sub- jected, so are there many channels through which this class of sympathetics may be reached, and the manifestations of charity will differ according to the make-up ot the indi- vidual. If the head is wide at the base, just in a line with the center, and right behind the Seymour s Key to Character 57 ear, there will exist in the nature of the indi- vidual great love of life; and if in conjunction with this, the head is narrow just over the top and back part of the ears, and large at the back part of the top side of head, there will FIG. 27. Mrs. E. C. Stanton, Advocate of Woman's Rights. be a shrinking from danger. Such persons will manifest a great deal of sympathy in the relief of suffering inflicted upon the physical constitution, and they shrink from inflicting pain. Such persons are likely to make ten der nurses and indulgent parents ; they become 58 Seymour s Key to Character. interested in building hospitals for the sick, and soup houses for the poor, etc. It is largely to this class of people we are indebted for the abolishment of physical slavery. The physiognomical signs of such characters, depicted in the countenance, are : a large eye, a thick upper lip, the corners of the mouth are inclined to turn up, the face is round, and there is a general expression of tenderness depicted in the entire make-up of such characters. But to the charitable class there may still be added those whose sympathies are not so marked in times of physical suffering, but rather shows itself in their breadth of senti- ment and their desire for universal mental liberty and freedom from the bondage of intel- lectual slavery. This class of individuals are wide at the top and side of head, as described in the emotional type, with a controlling devel- opment of the reasoning faculties. Their heads stand up square and broad in front, high at the top and full at the base, while their sympathies and charity may be enlisted toward building hospitals for the sick and in the relief of physical suffering. Their greatest ambition and chief delight consists in building Seymour s Key to Character. 59 school houses, churches, places of education, and in breaking down everything that they may consider has a tendency to dwarf the intellect, blight the morals and impede the progress of intellectual civilization. Where the intellectual faculties or the front head is larger in proportion than the top, leaving the center of the top head rather flat, their charity will partake of a humanitarian character, and their philosophies pertain to the advancement of the intellect, to building school- houses rather than churches ; where the top head is rounded up from front to back, and wide at the sides near the center of the top, there is likely to be more faith than reason, and the charity of such individuals is likely to manifest itself in establishing or the support of churches or sectarian institutions. Thus we see that, public and private institutions, the school-house and the church, each represent that diversity of sentiment which we find in the sympathetic nature of mankind, governed and controlled by the development of man's emotional sentiments and intellectual faculties. And so long as the emotional nature in man- kind controls the intellectual, so long shall we be controlled by the narrow limits of sectarian 60 Seymour s Key to Character, principles ; but whenever the intellectual facul- ties or the front head triumphs over the side and top, the boundary line which now divides the human family into classes and sects will be broken down, and the reason of man recogniz- ing- in the human family one common brother- hood, the sympathy of the world will be ex- tended equally to every individual, without respect to class, color, caste or clime. THE AFFECTIONATE TYPE. This type may be divided under two gen- eral heads, the Confiding and the Consoling, Although it may appear at first that this class closely resemble the Sympathetic, there is a vast distinction between the two ; the sympa- thetic type (which we have just described) we discover to be a class of people whose sympa- thies are called out to relieve suffering,, and although there are times when such persons may enter into personal combat with the same, it more frequently occurs that the sympathies of such persons are demonstrated through other instrumentalities than their own individual efforts; but what we term the "Affectionate Type" are those who demonstrate their emo- tions by personal application : those loving, Seymour s Key to Character . 6 1 trusting souls who stick fast amid all changes of time and circumstances, whose friendship and whose love, like the deep waters of the ocean and the Mowing tide, never dries up, and is ever faithful. FIG. 28. Princess of Wales The confiding type are those whose natures lead them to believe in the honesty and integ- rity of our race ; being honest themselves they naturally expect to find this quality in others, and even though they may often be deceived, they are naturally charitable and ever ready to 62 Seymour s Key to Character. make excuses for the failures of mankind, and, consequently, are more inclined to believe the deceptions practiced to be an error in conduct, or a mistake, than a willful deception. Hence their affection still continues until we are apt to compare them to a " spaniel dog" and say, "the more you abuse them the more they love you. The physiognomical signs of such charac- ters are large eyes, thick lips, especially the lower lip, a square chin, square tips to their fingers, a large back and top head with a round face and a tender expression. THE CONSOLING TYPE. The consoling type are those who in the hour of misfortune, bereavement, or trials of any kind, by their soft, tender, sympathetic words and keen perception seem to penetrate the gloom, administer consolation in the darkest hour and soothe the heart in its deepest sorrow. Their words are words of cheer, their judgment sound, and by the manifestations of a self- sacrificing spirit they seem to lift the burden from off the mourner's heart and set the troubled spirit free. They are like ''great physicians" Seymour s Key to Character. 63 binding up our wounds and ministering to our necessities. The difference which may be marked in the physiognomical signs between the con- FIG. 29. Gov. Wm. McKinley, Jr. soling and the confiding types lies especially in the development of the front head. The confiding type may have less of the perceptive faculties, (that is they may not be so well de- 64 Seymour s Key to Character. veloped over the eyes) hence are not always keen observers, nor are they always so well developed in the upper part of the front head, consequently are not always good judges of human nature, while the consoling type have a good development of the observing group, they seem to take in at a glance the force of circumstances, and having a good development of the reflectives (or the upper portion of the forehead being wide and high) they are enabled to trace the connection between cause and effect and thus determine what is most needed in the hour of trial, and thus they become wise advisers as well as consoling spirits. But again in applying the physiognomical signs of character to the civilization of the race and to the common industries of mankind, there are still other types which we may observe as a blending of those which have already been described. The industries of the age seem to be divided under three great heads, viz. : Com- merce, Mechanics and Literature, and these three into many branches. Each of these pursuits in life requires a special and distinct formation of brain and blending of temperaments, which manifests Seymour 's Key to Character. 65 itself itself in the general expression of the countenance and shape of the skull. The first that we will consider is the commercial, or BUSINESS TYPE. Under this head we have the overseers, the financiers, the buyers and the sellers, each of these different branches of commerce requires FIG. 30. Mrs. Frank Leslie special traits of character, and may be deter- mined by physiognomical signs gathered from 66 Seymour s Key to Character. the experience of men who have made a com- parison of the shape of the head and face a. study and have classified the similarity and dissimilarity of the same. THE OVERSEERS. The successful overseers are those whose characteristics give them command over their fellowmen. Those whose social nature is so combined with firmness and decision of char- acter that they command the confidence, respect and servility of all those who may be placed in subordination to them. Men and women who not only win the respect and confidence of their fellowmen by their sociability and decision of character, but those whose powers of observa- tion are such that they seem to take in every- thing at a glance, by the development of their large individuality and order become very tech- nical, methodical and systematic in all their arrangements. They are the men and women who work by rule and who demand of and command others to do the same. The physiognomical signs as indicated in the countenance are a well-developed nose, a steady eye and a prominent forehead, espe- cially rounded in the center from the root of Seymour s Key to Character. 6 7 the nose to the top of the head. Individuality, comparison, human nature and firmness are the leading traits of character in such persons. Next among the business types we may observe, is THE FINANCIERS. This is a type who have great powers of observation, great ability to plan and calculate in the head, persons who are very systematic in all their arrangements and who seem to reduce everything to a mathematical basis. Their foreheads are well developed over the FIG. 31. John Shermat 68 Seymour s Key to Character. •eyes, broad and well rounded at the sides over the outer corners of the eyes, and there is great breadth through the head in the region of what is termed the " Perfectives " (the front side head), also the front of the forehead is rounded toward the center near the top. The lips are firmly set upon the teeth, the chin square, and- there is a good development of the back head just at the center. The hands and fingers are rather square, especially at the tips. The firm set upper lip and square chin denote a good degree of firmness and sta- bility, while the back head denotes application. The front side head denotes constructive ability or the adjustment of parts, while the front part of the forehead just over the nose and up the center denotes observation. THE BUYERS. This is a type who have similar powers of observation to those described as financiers ; but have not always the constructive ability, nor are they always so systematic. They seem to be governed more by the combination of Acquisitiveness, Comparison and Individuality than by their Order or Constructiveness. Seymour s Key to Character. 69 Their success seems to lie especially in their ability to compare the similarity and dis- similarity of things, and the proportion of parts. As a rule they are a class of people who are rather reserved, or who have a good develop- ment of Secretiveness, yet having a good de- velopment of Observation, they are ever on the alert to find out what other people are doing, in order that they may understand what they have to compete against. This type is almost absorbed in what we term the ''Financiers," and constitutes the ground-work of their success. The physiog- nomical signs of a good buyer are a long nose, a rather peaked forehead just over the nose, close lips, ears rather inclined to stand out from the head, and the back part and top of the ear to bend forward like a fox, THE SALESMAN. The successful salesman and saleslady are those who have a good development of Agree- ableness and Friendship. To be successful in this line there must be a disposition to be pleas- ing, and bland in manners and conduct ; there must be good persuasive powers, and a keen 7o Seymour s Key to Character. sense of human nature. The head around the ears should be well de- veloped, large at the back, which combines Sociability with Execu- tive force and carries its weight of magnetic in- fluence; also there must be a good development of the front head, espe- cially at the center. FIG - 32 - There should be a frankness in the expression of the eye, with a good sized nose turning out rather than in at the point. Such a shaped nose indicates large language and power of expression. Seymotir s Key to Character. 7i the cHif*. The chin is a prominent mark in character reading. The broad, square and somewhat :massive chin indicates force of character, a FIG- 33. Daniel Curry, d.c, ll.d. ■great deal of will force, great endurance, and if thp unnpr lm iq firmlv