9 G57 py 1 .RECOLLECTIONS OF BROOKLINE, HEINCl AX ACC;orXT OF THE HOUSES, THE FAMILIES, AND THE ROADS, IN THE YEARS 1800 TO 1810 BY SAMUEL ASPINWALL GOUDARD. BIRMINOHA^M, EN'OLAND : PRINTED BY E. C. OSBORNE, NEW STREET. RECOLLECTIONS OF BROOKLINE, i;i:iN(i AN ACCOl'NT OF TIIK TIOISES, THE FAMILIES, AND THE IJOADS, I Tsr ij 11 (> (J i^L j^ 1 N ii: , IN THE YEARS 1800 TO 1^0. HV SAMUEL ASl'LWVALl. CiODDAIlU • • • • •• BinMISOITAM, CN'OLAND: riilMtU BY L. L. OSBORNE, NEW STUEET. Amer. Ant. Soc, 25 Jl 1907 TO TirE RKyVDKR. TI." f !' ' • '■ <^ ll.c I , aii.l tlie i:. ...i , 111 i.: io, w:w 1 .i in the •* Br.Mikliiio TnuiHcript," in the early port of tlie prcneut year. It ia fondly siipjH.mMl that th«' Rw. I>i. into tlu^ li: of thf town, wouKl huvr l»cen ihi _... . ... l wit!» a Riu.,;... account of it, for the yearn 1700 to 1710 ; an«i the niitiqiuiry or hiKtorlcil HtiKlcnt «»f onohtin«hv«l ycirn hrnrj-, whu m; idantof oneuf IIh Itr«-*«Mit faniili*- '"•'■- ''^ '*■ ■ ' <*«jual gi.v, . ••'lin^ in with till iniplf, u .0, In thJH . and also in the KUp|)OHilion that Honie <»f the many worthy |»eople of the gmnl old town at the pivxent time, may fcvl an intenrat in the subject, it has Ixh'h det^Tuiined t> print a limiti-ni, to meet such requii-ement It is now sixty two years since the writer first left his native t43wn, but he can truly «*ay of it ; " Wheix^'erc I ron-!. "-^ 'itever climes to see, Mv heart untra\ udlv turns to tliee." RECOLLECTIONS OF BROOKLINE. FROM 1800 TO 1810, "ii(l. Above Mr. Iiriimii»-r's, procctMlin^' toward BrookHre, was a li<'U>e occupied l^y a butclu-r ; next above that, perhaps .six hun- dred yards, was Mr. Samuel Heath's, and immediati-ly above that, Mr. .St«|»lKMi Child s ; all thest* were on the north side of the road, and in lii)xbury. Mr. Child w;us a kind-hearted man and a good neighbour. It was related of him that when a young man, upon the Janjaica Plain !■ hou.s<* being nmfetl in, and the scatlold- ing t (l^. 1' 'l.wn, he i entirely around the roof on the row of shin. nd from the oaves. The liiookline line v tly above Mr. Child's, alx»ut, as I 8Ui)iK>.se, three-fourths « . .. .....c from Jamaica pond, and the first house we c<»me to, was Mr. .lohn Harri.s'. He had several sons ; tho eldest, liiiijamin, went to Vermont and Ux)]i a farm there ; the youngist, Luther, graduated at college. There were two or three other hoU'-es in thi^ ilu>teen to sea in his early days, and by .'»«»me chance had been thrown upon the Arabian coast, and had wandered in the wilderness of Sinai. Pro- ceeding onward some three Innxlred yards, we come to a lu»u.se on the right hand sitle, at the head of a lane leading to Mr. Citxldard's, thi-n newly construeted, by whom I mver knew, but it was occu- i)ied afterwards by Mr Samuel H. Walley, of Boston. A small hou.se wii.-% built directly op|H>site. about tlu* year I. SOS, but I do not recollect who lived in it. Continuing onward half a mile or .Ml, wc come to a road on the right, leailing towards the centre of the town, upon the upjuT side of which, on the corner made by the junction of the roads, was a house occupied by a Mr. Woodward. Further on. .some hundreds of yards, was the .s<."hool-hou,>^', used in the summer as a woman s school. an«l four months in the win- ter, as a man's school. Nearly facing the school-house, on a private road loading towards " Spring Street," was a hou.'ie owned by Mr. John Harris, and occupied by Ensign YAVis. Beyond the school-house, on the left, was a small hou.se occupied by a family of the name of Hervey, and beyond that was the residence of Mr. Caleb Craft, a very substantial fanner. His son married Mi.ss Brewer, daughter of Mr. Stephen Brewer, of the Punch Bowl vilhige. Beytuid Mr. Craft's, was Mr. Thaddeus Jack.son's, lie was also a very repectable farmer. I believe there was no other house in Brookline beyond : 1 was never up so high but once. Returning now to Mr. Woodward's comer, and taking the road t<^ the town, we ]\ass on the left, a hou.se situated in the field, built by Dr. William S])ooner, about 1802, but he seldom resided there. Continuing a winding course through the wooils and by the woods, for three parts of a mile, or more, we come to Mr. John Corey's, close by the entrance of what is now called, I believe, " Goddard Avenue." Leaving the road which contiaued down the town, and pro- ceeding by a private road due east, for nearly half a mile, we come to Captain Joseph Goddard's.* This at the time, and for years after, was the most retired and rural spot in Brookiine. Half a mile from the public roads on every side, surrounded by fruit trees, woodlands, rocky pastures, and verdant meadows, it formed a little settlement of itself, and its people no more thought of feeling solitary, than did the residents in the centre of Boston. From the hill in front of the house a magnificent view could be had of Boston, its harbour, Boxbury, Dorchester, Charlestowu, Cambridge, and the lower part of Brookiine. The house was built by John Goddard, the father of Joseph, in the year 1771 ; /fis father and grandfather having occupied a house on the same place before him. Joseph Goddard married a niece of Dr. Wra. Aspinwall. He was a man of remarkably sound judgment, faith- ful in what he undertook, and of sterling integrity. Leaving this old homestead and proceeding east for half a mile, we pass Mr. Isaac Cook's on a knoll on the left. This house was built about the year 1809, on land sold to him by Joseph Goddard. Mr. Cook was a Boston man, and did business in Fore Street. Two hundred yards from Mr. Cook's, the public road is reached, and from that point by Jamaica Pond to the Boxbury high road, about one and a half miles, there was no turn-out, nor any house until ]\Ir. James Perkins', before named, was built. About two hundred yards from Mr. Cook's gate, on this road by the Pond, the Brookiine and Boxbury line crossed the road, coming from the Punch Bowl tavern, and pursuing its course just above Mr. Child's as aforesaid ; then over the Harris Hill to the " Spring Street" border. Turning from Mr. Cook's gate, near the entrance of the Avenue, to the left down the hill, we come to Mr. Nathaniel Winchester's. Mrs. Winchester was a remarkably clever woman ; if any of her neighbours were ill, or in trouble, they sent for " Mrs Winchester." She was a Bowman, and a relative of one of the former Governors of Massachusetts. She had four sons and three daughters. Proceeding up the hill we come to a small house occupied by a Mr. Meiiam. This was purchased with the grounds around, about the year 1803, by Mr. Thomas C. Amory, of Boston, who built npon it and laid out the grounds in an ornamental manner, making of it a very pretty summer residence. Soon after, say 1804 or 1805, Mr. Samuel G. Perkins, also of Boston, purchased land adjoining and built a house, laying out the grounds artistically and some years after he built a tenant house and a coach house * Father of the writer. in connection, on the opjxwitc side of the road. The house was occupied fi»r a perioil, by a Dane, HUpi>oj?cd by the gossips, to be a r»•fli^'ee and a nobh ; It wjm al>"Ut tlic time that Bcrna highly re.s|)ected. He beK)nged at o! ' ". ' t' • ' ix'tary of tlu' Navy, and ; , . _ memory, was built under iiis au.'^piccs. Thiii house was aftenvanis taken and occupied by Mr ' ' *' ' ' ' ' ir lsn3. OpjK.site Mr. Mr. Hal' . -. - wton, was a coaclihouse and a small tenement in connection, occupieil by Mr. Perkins) ;;ardrntr '" ' ■ Mr. B.i' on the hill, \v;us a house built bv Captain i _ . ii, a .mji. ... .... of Mr. Babct>ck's, in the year I - '.'> : he hail been iu the India trade, and had a (lenchant for I :ind njade rather lar^'«* pr iis for their accom- L. ..... :au 1 believe it canu* to i ^ Proceeding along tliis roiwl we come to Mr. John Warren's house, built about the year 1hu7. He had in i-* laid i iie wall iHrhap.s than any other man in Neu ;, ..^ d. andn..^... ...ive been appropriate- ly called " Stonewall" Warren. C'ontinuin;,' <'n, aiout ••m- third of a mile we come Uj a small b.Mi... ...oupird by Mr. 'late, a (lermun, gardener to Mr. Stephen ! 'U ; this was at the junction of the roiul coming from Mr. .lohn Corey'.H, ; iiKiitionetl. Afterward a gardener of the name of John \'. ...i ..upicd the place. Further on. ab<»ut five hundred yards, on the .sjime side, wa*^ the schoolhou.se, kept four months in the year by a V and in the sumuier months, by a woman teacher. On tlu ■ ' Mr. Thcunas H. IVrkins built a lu)U>o and a gai al>out the year IsoT. James and 'i'h<»mits H. IVrkin.-N, were for many years large mer- chants in the Imlia trade. Continuing on about one hundred yards, we come to the old Newton Road, and turning to the left we shortly come to Mr. Benjamin White's old hou.se on the right, and imuunliately after to hi.^ new hou.^e. on the same side. ^Ir. White was one of the most substantial farmers in Brookline. Further on was Mr. Caleb Ganhier's. He hatl three fine grown up daughters, two younger ones, and one son. Passing down Fulton Street, New York, in the year 1857, and meeting some five hundred persons coming from the Jersey City Ferry, I saw a man in the crowd who.se face apix*ared familiar to me, and whom 1 at once confronted, and raising my hat .s;iid, " Mr Gardner, I presume." " Yes." " No considerable demonstration was made then, lest the natives should notice our weakness, but as soon as we were alone, we fraternized." J This was not Dr. Livingstone, but Mr, Samuel J. Gardner, the son mentioned above. I had not seen him for forty years, nor did I know that he was living. Further on, we come to Mr. Ebenezer Richards', who afterwards opened the house to the pub- lic, and some of the Brookline balls were held there. Beyond was IMr. Harbacks, and then Mr. Jonathan Hammond's, who afterwards built a store ju^t above on the other side of the Wor- cester 'J'urnpike. This turnpike was constructed during the years 1804 and LSOa. A daughter of Mr. Hammond married a Mr. Crane, son of Alajor General Crane, of the Massachusett's Militia. There was a house beyond Mr. Hammonds', occupied by a Mr. Hyde, but whether in Brookline or Newton I do not know. Returning down town by the Turnpike, in about three-fourtlis of a mile, we come opposite to Mr. Jonathan Mason's house, on the right, between the turnpike and the old Newton Road ; it was probably built between the years 1790 and 1795. Mr. Mason had five daughters, all fine women, and two sons ; the fourth daughter Miss Meriam, was the beauty of the period ; she married Mr. Sears. Mr. Mason, a celebrated lawyer, was at one time Senator to Congress, from Massachusetts. Next below Mr. Mason's was an old house belonging to a Mr. Baker ; It was taken down about the year 1805, and soon after, say 1807, his son, Nathaniel Baker, a carpenter, built a house hard by, on the other side of the turnpike. Now crossing the turnpike and the fields to the right, to the old Newton Road we come to Mr. Jonathan Jackson's on the Newton Road. He had a brother living in Middleton, Connecticut, whom I met in New York in the year 1844 ; a man much respected. Directly opposite on the other side of the road was Mr. Stephen Higginson's, a house built by him about the year 1792 or 1793. Below this on the left hand side was Mr. John Heath's, he was brother to Major General Heath, who com- manded in the New York Highlands under General Washington, and had West Point entrusted to him after the defection of ArnoM. General Heath lived in Roxbury, at the foot of the Parker hill, the south east corner. Mr. John Heath's eldest daughter married John Goddard, of Portsmouth, New Hampshire, eldest son of Mr. Jolin Goddard, before spoken of ; another daugh- ter married some twenty-five years after, Mr. John Howe, of Bos- ton. A son, Mr. Ebenezer Heath, built a house just below on the otlier side of the road, about the year 1790, and married Miss Williams, of Roxbury, a most excellent person ; they had a very fine family. Proceeding down the road about three hundred yards^ we come to Mr. David Ackers' house on the left, at which point a branch road led off to Brighton, and about half a mile up this road lived Brigadier General Gardner. His fatlier was killed at the Battle of Lexington, and was a great loss to the town ; a re- lative also, I believe an uncle, was killed at the battle of Bunker's Hill, (lenenil (Jardnor ha I ♦ v . -^^ns and V-'/hter. Th«' eldest H4)ii trnMliiated at Harvard * tlw«i ilicd early. He i: 1 tiiii.' tip' Wid .\s ;. ul iio.xbury, and Iut • I . . .... ....ml married Mr. ( .... ■•; Uoxhury, who built a lnMiH<' oti the )^)Ht4)ii liii.'id ali.Mit a inil«' fnnii the Punch Howl VillaK«\ Mil the hill hid.-. ' uiueh i-steeuu-d, he h.id a viTy fine tciK-r v . . ..,,.i ,,, . ...i.. . i. .u with Mr. Ebeii- cZ4.r Heath, who wa.s viry r«)iiu . ^ n. ne on that road. Ketur- ' ' ^^ \ J i; — :■■ - down the road, >^< ,.iiii. to Mr J. living upon his income ; he hail suppiu'd the anny I .lecumulated a small fortune. U ' ^^- ?•• .11 Hyslop's. and there wa-' a tenah is; they w. re all near t ' ' ther and on tii i Mr Hy-^lop w.ts also ' • t ; he ni.iiiH'j pm wife Miss Woodward, of n ; lie had a " .snii on the top «»f the hill, ba< - ^ •' *• nant house, and rw;ird.>» a Mr. r«Tr\ ; K th ; > who attended the winter sidiool. Below Mr. Hv , on tiie >ame side. wjiH a hou i, al>mt the year l.so.'t, on land b lUgiit M Mr. John (joddard. and immediately below w.i. .Mr .M «: ' ' '■ ' ' ' ', he retired after h'iivmi; ill. .'li ^ ut the year 1790. A iv»rtion of the hou.^e waj* occupKnt by iiis tenant, Mr. Meriam, a sliort tinje. Mr. (io ' ' ' ' ' the rir.>t wife he had one daughter, by nen. The ehlest, John, graduatitl at Harvanl and tinally settled at Port,smouth, New Hamp-^hire. v' ' w.is much esteemed and could have been (io\ernor of t at any time if he would have con.sent- cd to be nominated. Five other sons were living in 1804, and .eph, was the .second .son of William, the .'Seventh son of Edward (ioihlard, of Englesham, Wiltshire, England, William was a merchant and a citizen nf Lontlon, of tlie (irocer's Company ; he loft in the year of the great plague, KJGG, and came to Ho.ston with a wife and three son.s, and not many years after, Joseph settled in Hrookline. and his gravestone is .still to Ik? seen in the old burying ground. John Goddard was a man «»f a pecu- liarly sound and «li.scriminating mind, and was for many years a •This wife, a vor> ■ '. «»i'l >•• ^vr Uttor ye«n«, that not one of her chiWrcn hftcl ever i-a\i"«o«l lui 10 prominent man in his native town. "Dr. Pierce had a high opinion of him ; he died at the age of 86. Benjamin Goddard, son of tlie above, built a house just below on the same side, about the year 1807. He married first, Miss May ; and second, Miss Brown, both of Boston ; he had no chihh'en and died at the age of 96. There was no house on the Worcester turnpike from this point to the Punch Bowl village, besides a ladies' school house. Leaving the turnpike and proceeding toward the meetinghouse, we come to a house owned by Mr. Hyslop, who lived there during the early period ; and it was afterwards occupied by a Mr. Carnes, and subsequently by a Mr. Gouge, Clerk of the Market, Boston. Further on, upon the right, at the junction of the road leading to Mr. Geoi-ge Cabot's, aforesaid, was the Brick school-house, the only brick building in the town. Here school was kept from March to December, by a Collegian, and in it the Town's meetings were held. Turning up the road leading to Mr. Cabot's, we pass a house on the right, amidst a clump of trees, built by Mr. Richard Sullivan, about the year 1810 ; he was a brother of William and George Sullivan, of Boston. Beyond this at the bottom of the hill, was a house owned, and occupied in part, by iMr. Joshua Boylston, a nephew I believe of Dr. Zabdiel Boylston. A family of the name of Dascombe occupied a portion of the house, and managed the farm. Mr. Boylston died about the year 1806, leaving a widow and an only daughter. Captain Joshua Clark, afterwards Deacon Clarke, married the daughter ; he had the house pulled down and another erected in this same place about the year 1810, which was burnt down just as it was finished, from what cause was not known, but another was immediately erected on the same spot, to which the townspeople generously contributed, the loss having fallen upon the builder. About four hundred yards beyond, on the other side of the road, the left hand side, was Mr. Nathaniel Murdock's, a carpenter. His eldest daughter married Mr. Caleb Clark. The was no house between this and Mr. Cabot's, or then Mr. Babcock's before named, except a coachhouse on the right, built by Mr. Babcock. We must now return to the school-house, opposite to which was the new meeting-house, built in 1805. It was a spacious and commodious building, and highly creditable to the town ; the bell was given by ]\Ir. Stephen Hig:;inson, and was imported from England. A Mr. Banner, an Englishman, was the architect ; the sides of the building were framed on the ground and raised bodily by windlasses, a novel mode at the time. The choice of pews was put up at auction, and the money thus raised contributed materially towards the cost of the building. Doctor Aspinwall gave five hundred dollars for first choice, evidently as a donation towards the exjienditure ; the dedication day was a great holiday in the town. n Down the hill on tlie o])positc side of the road, on the spot •KvupiLMl Icii to t!ie parsonajfc, stoud thcohl lacetiu'; i ' ■ V m\, t' • ' the west end. witli en- '" - i iu\i\ i\ ilFf, with an aisk' loiulin^ from 11 U> the jmipit on the north side. Over the i»ulpit wit>< a 1 ' ' 1 .1 n ,.\tendin;^' round tlic . i lie the pulpit. The lioiine wttM about ninety years ohi, having? been built about 171 '> ; ,'♦11 *■ - IIM I'll II' 111 It Ii i-l . it the N'-ir 1 - ^ ^ ,^ wits (piite conini'Ntion.s, had a reHpecLible 8pire, and was altogether Ver\ I of its » '1 ilarvanl ' ^ , wa>< or- dainei in the year 1796. The tiret two children born in the :i. It wi\s many years • divinity. Mr. Pierce often r I with ■ ilxmrii Uonal Minist*), wan hi» widow, but have not been able to aiH.*crtain. \Vf now como to the Pun'^h Bowl villafi^, and oj)jx^site Mr. 01 i, «'f the road, was Mr. Thomas Wl •" "'.irh was "The Store," a ^'n». !. Here the boys bouj^ht fifth h(H)k« and iine^, and im)\\ 1 .'^hot. At it--^ • '.-:•: the Ith of July, and «l. V\Hn\ traiiiin;^' day.s the captanw of th- parading' and exercising their III *' •'' marrh them down t4) the - rs and cheese, of which the boys and si;;hi-H^'ors came in for a plentiful .share. Mr. White t. The i veni, kept by Mr. lianphton, was the oidy other dwelling houbc in Brookline at the time, in the village. Sin.vtlun, 11' ' ' ' ' ■ - '■ ' 1 pushed down to the bn»ok ab'tr , Jit of " the store" just below Mr. Oliver \S hito s, on the Koxbury side, dwelt a Mr. Haii.ock. ! ' " . . 1 ^jp l)aven|)ort. a tailor ; then canu- . ^ hatter's, «K'CUj»ied at one time. 1 believe. l)y a Mr. Wendall; then Mr. James Pierce's, a sho. ' • • - ■ - ^'; '• V r,.'s; I believe hew.. .. ' Mr. Stephen Brewer's, .i blacksmith, and Shcritf of the County. Ltist of all CJime Dr. Onwiier's. he di- ' ' ' . - in the battle of Lexing- ton, and killed a man wit: Keturniiii^ uj) the village, leaving "the store" and the Worces- ter Turn]»ike. which comes in here, to the left, and taking the roa<.l to Brighton, we ])as^ on the left, Ix'tween the roa4ls, a small house, occupied by Mr. Samuel Slack, and further on, ujKJn the same side w;v< a .small house in the field occupied by a family of the name of Jordan, and opposite on the other side of the road was Mr. William Mar^^hall's, a gentleman living u|>on his income. He married late, a second time, I presume, Miss Bet.^^ey Dorrell. Maria Curtis, who lived with him, ]K^rhaj>s his niece, was one of the noticeable young women uf Brookline, at the time, 1800 to 1805. 14 She, Sarah Davis, Julia Aspinwall, Plannah Clark, Rebecca Boylston, Caleb Gardner's three daughters, Julia Hammond, Nancy Win- chester, and Hannah Goddard, were contemporary, and would have done credit to any town, in personal appearance or useful culture. Above Mr. Marshall's, on the same side, was Mr. Ebenezer Davis'. He married a Miss Aspinwall, I believe a sister of Mr. John Aspinwall, hereafter named, and a niece of Dr. Aspinwall ; their eldest son, Robert, married Miss Stearns, 'sister to Mr. G. w! Stearns. She and her brother were the two handsomest persons in Brookline. Some years after her husband's death, she married Mr. Elijah Corey. Another of Mr. Davis' sons, Thomas, was many years after, Mayor of Boston. Opposite to Mr. Davis', was Mr. Benjamin Davis', a brother ; he died early, I suppose about 1804. His widow remained in the house, and a portion of it was occupied by Mr. George Washington Stearns, who married Hannah Goddard. No two better persons than these last ever lived in Brookline. Leaving the road to Cambridge to the riglit, and proceeding up the Brighton road, we pass the Hay scales on the right, at the junction of the three roads, and come to Mr. Jonathan Dana's on the same side. He was independent in means, married late in life, but whether the second time I know not, and lived a very retired life. Next beyond, lived Mr. James Leeds, a shoemaker ; he married a daughter of Mr. Timothy Corey, senior. Next beyond was Mr. Holden's, a wheelwright. Ihese three were all on the right hand side of the road, and I am not sure that there was not another house in the row, but I believe not. A little above, on the opposite side, at the junction of the long lane from Deacon Clark's, previously spoken of, was Mr. Jonas lolman s, a shoemaker. On the opposite corner, left hand was a house belonging to Dr. Aspinwall, but who lived in it I do not know Beyond on the right hand, lived Mr. Samuel Croft also of independent means, a very quiet man ; he often took a ride in his chaise to the Punch Bowl villaive, to hear the news. His wife was a very friendly woman. Miss Sarah Davis, daughter ot Lbenezer, was her protegee, whom the young people were fond of and were very happy when with her. Further on, the same side. Deacon John Robinson resided ; he was a tanner, and was as before stated, one of the deacons from the ordination, 179G to the day of his deatli ; he was very much respected. A little beyond was Mr. Withington's, I believe his name was Enos • he also was a tanner, but whether in partnership with Deacon Robin- son or not, 1 never knew. Further on upon the other side of the road, on the hillside, was Dr. William Aspinwall's : he was perhaps the most prominent man of the old inhabitants of Brookline • he was alternately Representative and Senator to the General Court 1.^ ftiul ui>on the Gf \s\'2, he wa.s ap- |. ..;.ied (\ilonel in the re^Miiar army, and served nnattle of Fort Krie, when the Duke of Wrllinj^ton's .S4>ldifrs from the IVninstila were encountered and Inaten, an«l in otht-r h'/'^- - -ervin^ with di.stin^uishod bravery. In one of th»*<<* hatt ^t an arm. On the return of peace he wjLS ai»jM»int ' ral at Ixndon, a nlace whicn he held for alKMit i .i> ,. ... , ....d where he Wft>< hifjhly rcjtjK'cted by the nol'ility and all who hai! intercourse with him. Dr. A.s])in- wair>< daujhter .Iidift marritd Mr. Iiewis Tappan, before named. lii'Vond Dr. .\ •'•"■'' " • ♦! - ,. hou.«es beloni^nnp to Mr. Timothy Corey .h ami Timothy, all substan- tial farmer> ; one wa.s on the h-lt iiaud and the others, I believe, on thr ri;,'ht, and I think there was not another house in Hro(»klinc l)eyoml, hut I never pav^-d ribov.- but once. Keturninj; now to the Tolman corner and r the Hri^diton roa^ a br ^ pheu was blown up whilst blasting a rock, and lost an eye. There was no other house on this road in Brookline. Cro. • y 4fi ii ^ ''^ -'* •< j*'^\j \. 4 .** ii -^ '.r^. ^ < \ t 'g <«!, ^. ."^ ,- ,, ; .. ^: ^ « V «_,?,* - ^-^ >