oV S^<^, ^'v-' x'?-' .0 n ^ -^^ "'/..s^ ^O- "^^. V^^ e^ ^^ -^^^ •^C oV s- -^^ .A^^^' -^^ A-"^' ^ <=^ V.'S^ A^'' .- -0- ^", 'c. x^^ ^^. t.- V^ x\^ ^• ->- * .0 N ■ <.*-' ,ov ■ r, C' ^ o,V '^. .'^' :. ^^ o>- ^v ..S^ ^-i^■ ^^^' V-/ xO°<. ^^<^x> K^^ -% ,^■^• -■Q- -^. c.^ 'o o'' ^,_. viS^ ^^^^ ^0' ^ " ■ ^^ o. .0 \ ■<<> .^^ % •^ 4- i. <^ > ,<\ O '/ . k*\, ^ ^"<"-. .-. '' '''a .A ^^^ ■1.^^'"^^ 4,"* J^^„^.,5,_ s .,V "^, .-^ Ci x^ J, ^ '■"n'vJJ^ ft > ^^'' ~V a '^i ^.C^ -^^ ^'z P^<. ^-^r^X ^/ A RECORD OF EDUCATION. THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS, 1 644- 1 904. By CARLOS SLAFTER. Privately Printed. Dedham Transcript Press: 1905. ■ iVy yUU!Ki '^1^^ I AUG «9 J 905 I ^uxi. 9. /9a i' L, i& Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1905, by Carlos Slafter, in the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington. PREFACE. It is the design of this volume to show the origin and growth of school privileges in an old New England town. As the chief factor of every school is the teacher, special attention has been given to ascertain who have held that responsible office in Dedham ; for it is not to be doubted that their influence has shaped in a large degree the moral and intellectual character of the town. In making up this record we have often thous^ht how difficult it would be to estimate the work of this long procession of public servants, under whose care the minds of Dedham citizens have been nurtured. We have therefore judged such a record worthy of preservation as a vital part of our town's history. As constant care was exercised that fit persons only should have charge of school instruction, it has been a chief pleasure in preparing this work to feel that it is done in behalf of men and women whose names ought not to be forgotten. THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS. In 1634 the territory of Dcdliam, excepting tlie grassy meadows bordering on the Cliarles and Neponset rivers, and perhaps a few Indian cornfields, was still covered with a dense forest. A year later a small number of enterprising men from Watertown had discovered its value and desired to make it their permanent home ; and, to express entire satisfaction with their choice, would have called it Contentment. The next year, IGolJ, the town, in answer to their petition, was incor- porated by the General Court of Massachusetts Bay, but it was named Dedham. The eight following years were a constant and hard struggle in subduing wild nature and making the place a safe and comfortable home for English emigrants. At the close of that period a little village or hamlet, consisting mostly of log houses covered with thatch, was clustered around the spot where the county buildings now stand ; and the area now occupied by Dedham Village was mostly cleared and under cultivation. A road connected the little settlement with Boston by way of Roxbury, and others were opened through East Street and to the estates occupying the tillage land of the Central plain. Thus the vigorous town was planted and had taken firm root in a congenial soil. We come now to the next step in the quiet and orderly progress of this young community. The founders of Dedham evinced in many ways their capacity for wise forethought. They evidently regarded them- selves as the builders of a town for M'hose future character they would be held responsible. While they made many good regulations for securing private and individual rights, they never forgot to plan for the benefit of coming generations. 6 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Accordingly, as soon as they had established homes of a very primitive style, with very few comforts and no luxuries, they turned thoir thoughts to the subject of education ; and there is no doubt that the presence in the little settlement of several men who had been trained in the universities of the mother country had a most favorable influence in shaping the measures ivhich they adopted. In the town records of 1(538 four persons have Mr. pre- fixed to thoir names, to indicate that they had taken the Master's degree at a University. These w^ere John Allin, the first minister of Dedham ; Timothy Dalton, the first minister of Hampton, N. H. ; Thomas Carter, ordained in Woburn, 1642, and Ealph Wheelock. On the second day of January, 1642-3, fifty-one persons wore present at a goneral meeting of the Town, in which the allotment of land was considered ; and in the record of its proceedings is the following statement : It was with an unanimous consent concluded that some portion of land in this entended division should be set apart for publique use: viz for the Towne, the Church and a fre Schoole ; viz 40 acres at the leaste or 60 acres at the most. This " unanimous consent" indicates a truly commendable liberality and public spirit, and that there were in the town wise counsellors to control its plans for public improvements. It also leads us to expect further ste})S in the same direction ; and we are not surprised at the memorable action of a town meeting two years later. This is so fitly described in the Records that we give it here without abridgment, and also include the names of those who were present and participated in the good work. 1644. At a meeting the first day of the Eleventh Month, Assem- bled those whose names are under written with other the Inhabitants of this Town : M'' Jn"' Allen past^ John Hunting EW Hen Chicker- ing, Tho. Wight, Jn° Thu[rston], Anthony Fisher, Jos. Fisher, Dan Fisher, Jno Luson, Mr. Ralph Wheelocke, J no Gaye, William BuUard, OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 7 Jno Bullard, Robt. Grossman, Hen Wilson, Jno N[ewton], Edw. Col- ver. Hen. Smith, Nath Colborne, Nath. AlduSj Hen Phillips, Sam^ Morse, Dan Morse, Jno. Morse, Jos. Kingsbury, Jno. Dwite, Lamb. G[enery], Edw. Kemp, Edw. Richards, Tho. Leader, Geo. Bearstowe, Jonath. Fairbanks, Mich Powell, Mich Metcalfe juno'', Jno Metcalfe, Jno Frarey, Eli. Lusher, R[obt] Hinsdell, Pet. Woodward, Jno Guyle, Rich. Evered, Robt. Gowinge, &ce. The said Inhabitants, taking into Consideration the great necesitie of providing some means for the education of the youth in o'' s'd Towne, did with an unanimous consent declare by voate their willing- ness to promote that worke, promising to put too their hands to provide maintenance for a Free Schoole in our said Towne. And farther did resolve and consent, testifying it by voate, to rayse the summe of Twenty pounds p annu. towards the maintaining of a Schoole M'' to keep a free Schoole in our s'd Town. And also did resolve and consent to betrust the s'd 20^ per annu & certain lands in o'' Towne, formerly set apart for publique use, into the hand of Feofees to be presently chosen by themselves, to imploy the sd 20;^, and the land afors'd, to be improved for the use of the said Schoole : that as the profits shall arise from the said land, every man may be proportionably abated of his some of the s'd 20^ aforesaid, freely to be given to the use aforesaid. And y* y® said Feofees shall have power to make a Rate for the necesary charg of improving the s'd land : they giving account thereof to the Towne, or to those whom they should depute. John Hunting, E^^''', Eliazer Lusher, Francis Chicker- inge, John Dwight & Michael Powell, are chosen Feofees and betrusted in the behalf of the school as afore said. The school thus established, to be managed by Feoffees, was designed to continue seven years, as will appear in the following record relating to the training ground : 1644. 4"^ 12"^°. Granted to the Feofees for the free schoole in Ded- ham for the use of the s'd schoole a parcel of the Training ground so much as shall be set out to them by the Towne, which said p'cel is granted from this present day unto the last day of the eighth month which shall be in the year 1650. Hen. Chickering, Eli. Lusher & Hen. Phillips deputed to set out the s'd parcell of Land above said. 8 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS The Common near the Dexter School is a part of the old Training Ground, and to use it as a playground for "the s'd Schoole " seems to accord with the original grant to the Feofifees. The records of the Feoffees have not been preserved, so that we are not able from their records to give the names of the teachers under their administration. There is, however, no doubt that according to a family tradition, Ralph Wheelock, the ancestor of the first and second presidents of Dartmouth College, taught during that time ; this is rendered the more probable from the fact that during the seven years, from 1644 to 1651, he was not called to perform public duties which would interfere with his work as a teacher, though previously he had been employed almost constantly in other oiEces of the town ; and after removing to Mcdfield he was the first teacher there for several years. This first Dedham teacher was born in 1600, in County Salop, or Shropshire, England ; was educated at Clare Hall, Cambridge University; took his degrees in 1626 and 1631; came to New England in 1637 with his wife Rebecca, first to Watertown, then to Dedham in 1638 ; became a freeman there March 13, 1639 ; was representative in the Great and General Court 1639 and 1640; Clerk of the Writs, 1642, as successor of Edward Alleyne deceased ; taught school from 1644 to 1651, a seven years covenant; then removed to Medfield and represented the new town in the General Court from 1653 to 1656 ; taught the first school of Medfield from 1656 several years ; and died Jan. 11, 1684, in his 84tli year. He has been fitly eulogized as a fine type of the New England Puritan. It was most fortunate for the school to have so able a man for its first teacher. His learning and his fidelity gave it seven years of prosperity and made this earliest experiment of popu- lar education a complete success. When the school had been in operation three years, the General Court of Massachusetts, in which the representative from Dedham was one of the Feoffees of the Free School, en- OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 9 acted its first statute relating to education. That the success- ful experiment of Dedham influenced the General Court, we cannot doubt. The example of this town seems to have de- termined the policy of the colony. It is also remarkable that this first statute included for towns containing a hundred families, the idea of a high school such as Dedham was already enjoying. In giving the text of the Statute, we consult the comfort of our readers by adopting modern spelling and dis- carding abbreviations which, though pleasing to antiquarians, are no help to the one who is reading for information. Statute of 1647. It being one chief project of that old deluder, Satan, to keep men from the knowledge of the Scriptures, as in former times by keeping them in an unknown tongue, so in these latter times by per- suading from the use of tongues, that so at least the true sense and meaning of the original might be clouded by false glosses of saint- seeming deceivers ; that learning may not be buried in the grave of our fathers in the church and commonwealth, the Lord assisting our endeavors, — It is therefore ordered, that every township in this jurisdiction, after the Lord hath increased them to the number of 50 householders, shall then forthwith appoint one within their town to teach all such children as shall resort to him to write and read, whose wages shall be paid either by the parents or masters of such children, or by the inhabitants in general, by way of supply, as the major part of those that Older the prudentials of the town shall appoint : provided, those that send their children be not oppressed by paying much more than they can have them taught for in other towns; and it is further ordered that where any town shall increase to the number of one hundred families or householders, they shall set up a grammar school, the master thereof being able to instruct youth, so far as they may be fitted for the university, provided that, if any town neglect the per- formance hereof above one year, every such town shall pay ;^5 to the next school till they shall perform this order. This legislation required no change in Dcdham's educa- tional system but was in perfect harmony with it, and the 10 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS school received the regular support of the town, and soon required a building for its accommodation. The following record shows the action of the town : Jan. 1648-9 At a General meeting of the Town. . . A schoole house and a Watch house is resolved to be built this next yeare the care whereof is left to the select men. Fortunately we have the specifications for this first school- house and the watch-house combined with it. In the records of the selectmen, the neat handwriting of Capt. Lusher has preserved for us the following account of this early temple of learning : 11 mo 15. 1648, Assemb : Hen Chickering, Joh Kingsbury, Joh- Dwight, Tho. Wight, Fra Chickering, Joshu. Fisher, & Elea : Lusher A school house to be built as followeth, together w"' a watch house. the length 18 foote, being 14 foote beside the chimney, the wide- ness 15 foote, the studd 9 foot betwixt joynts, one floore of Joyce : 2 convenient windowes in the lower roome & one in the chamber, the plancher layed, the floor planked, the stayers made, the sides boarded, feather-edged and rabbited, the doors made & hanged. the watch house to be a leanto set at the back of the chimeny sixe foote wide, the length therof two foote & one half mor than the house is wide, so placed that the end therof may extend past the corner of the house, so that the watch may have an aspect 4 severall wayes. & open windowes therein suitable to a watch house : & covered w*'^ board up to those windowes & upon the roofe, & a mandle tree hewen & fitted for the Chimney." It is supposed that this building stood very near, if not on, the spot where the Unitarian Vestry now stands ; and we have only to imagine the busy hum of school work filling the east room by day, and the faithful watching of the sentinel from the windows of the west-end leanto during the long and lonely nights, to understand how child and man in those old days performed their several parts in laying the foundation of a free school and a free state. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 11 The cost of this little school house is shown by the follow- ing record of a town debt paid out of the rate of 1648 by John Morse, constable : " To Jno. Thurston for work about the School house 11;^ 00-03." The chimney of the same either was not immediately built, or had to be soon renewed ; as we find this record late in 1651 : "jSergt. Fisher & Eleazer Lusher ar requested to treate and con- clude w**^ a workman, or workmen for ye building of a Chimney in y® schoole house." At the same time " Br. Dwight is requested to treate & conclude w"' a workman for y® shingling of y® schoole house." A little later among the accounts we find as follows : " For building the Schoole house chimney 3£: for boards, nayles Schoole house 1^ 8 ^ "; also " to Tho. Batteley in pt for shingling y® Schoole house 1^ 18-7." The same year Tho. Batteley is called to account for taking " boarding & shingling timber w"'out Leave." The total cost of the completed edifice was 17£ 6s lOd, or a little less than 87 dollars in present money. It is an interesting fact, that, in the records of the first meeting of the Selectmen after the resolve to build the school- house, there occurs this brief item : " Mr. Wheelocks motion for advice answered." As the teacher of the school, it would be reasonable and perfectly natural for him to seek information about the proposed building. The preceding account covers the first seven years of the school ; and for continuing the history we find but meagre as- sistance in the town records. Still there is enough to show that the spirit of the people had not changed, and that their purpose was still to be carried out. Thus the record runs : At a general town meeting 1651. , . It is resolved that a school for the education of youth in our town shall be continued and maintayned the whole term of seven yeares next, and that the settled mayntenance or wages of the Schoole M' shall be 20^ p ann at y® leaste: A Towne Stocke shall be raysed to the summe of 20;{^ at y® least. 12 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHEKS This shows that the first seven years had been so satis- factory that no change was desired in the management. No new election of feoffees was recorded, and we may presume that the same men continued to hold the office. But Mr. Wheelock's ' ' covenant for the school-keeping " had expired, and his interests had been transferred to Med- field. The 20£ for the master's salary had been voted but no record tells who was the teacher for 1652. Tradition, however, points plainly to Mr. John Brock, the first man from Dedham to graduate at Harvard College, 1648. He was in Dedham in 1652. His parents, Joseph and Elizabeth, having died in 1650, he sold his inherited estate in Dedham in 1652. He preached and taught schools at Rowley and Isles of Shoals ; and was ordained at Reading, Nov. 13, 1662 ; and died there June 18, 1688. Cotton Mather made his funeral sermon ; and Judge Sewall in his diary says : " Mr. Brock was very laborious in catechising and instructing youth." But the next year a change was made in the care of the school whereby it passed into the hands of the selectmen. The following record of a general meeting indicates this : S'^ of 11 mo 1652. The question concerning the Schoole being kept only in winter being proposed for Resolution, the answer is : That the selectmen that shall be this daye chosen shall attend to procure a fitt schoole M"" at the beginning of the summer ; and if it p've difhcult, or not to be attayned, they may p'.pose the case to the Towne for further resolution. At this day, when well qualified teachers are so abundant, we can hardly realize the difficulty of maintaining the high standard set up by the Feoffees of the Dedham School. But such teachers as Wheelock and Brock were " not to be at- tayned." England was not driving out into the wilds of America so many of her university graduates, and tlie little college at Cambridge was not sending out many young men willing to teach awhile before they began to preach in the new towns now anxious to secure them as pastors. OF DEDHAM. MASSACHUSETTS 13 But the selectmen now being authorized to find a school- master, acted promptly, and from the records of their clerk we are able to give the name of the first teacher which they employed. 18 of y® 1 mo. Assemb. Job. Kingsbery, Fra. Chickering, Lieft. Fisher, Job. Dwight, Sergt Fisher & Elea. Lusher, Pet. Woodward Agreed w*^ Jacob Farrow to keep the Schoole to begin 28 of 1 mo 1653 to have 20^^ pr an. to be payed in town paye being merchantible at the end of each halfe yeare the one halfe of the saide sume. he undertakes to teach to read English and the Accidence & to write & the knowledg & art of Arithmetick & the rules & practice thereof : this to be p'posed to the towne. The fact that Mr. Farrcr undertook to teach the " Acci- dence," shows him to have had a knowledge of Latin, as this was doubtless Brinsley's Accidence, a latin grammar, published in 1612, and widely used in the schools of England. The record is completed the same day as follows : The above written agreem*^ w'*^ a schoole M'' was this day p'posed to the towne after Lecture & consented unto -^ seems to have entered upon his duties yt^Cc^ Jn-a.Ar)r&yf^ according to the contract. Six ^^ months later this contract is modified, as shown bj'^ the record, as follows : Upon the Request and motion of Jacob Farrow its consented unto that himselfe or his Brother shall attend the keeping the Schoole according to the Coven' formerly made w"' the said Jacob & the Coven' to remaine in force as it is. How long these brothers, John and Jacob Farrer, had charge of the school, it is not possible to determine. It was probably less than a year. They were emigrants from Lan- cashire, Eng., John being the older, and both went to Lan- caster in 1653 or 4. Two of Jacob's sons were killed by the Indians about 1675. He died in Woburn August 14, 1677, whither he had fled, and where John had lived since 1656. The latter died the 11th of July, 1690, "very aged." Jacob 14 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Farrer was a surveyor and was much occupied in laying out the allotments of land in the town of Lancaster. The descend- ants of John and Jacob Farrer are numerous, and several of them have been eminent as scholars. The next schoolmaster was Lieut. Joshua Fisher, who appears to have consented to keep the school a short time when it was difficult to obtain a teacher. His appointment is thus recorded : 11 of y® 10 mo 54 Agreed with Lieut. Fisher to keepe schoole in our Towne for the same alloweance that the former schoole M'' had proportionable to the time he shall attend the same, which at present is but for this winter time ; who afterwards shall be discharged thereof at any time after he have given one weeks notice. The Lieutenant did not on account of his school duties cease to be a selectman or to receive pay for ' ' dyeting " the selectmen. A curious entry in the records about the close of his term, reads thus : Lieut Fisher is requested and undertakes to repayer the broken panes of glasse in the meeting house so farre as he may finde glass spare for that use. AVas his school too near the meeting house? The following record was made : 3 of 10 mo. 16oo. The Rate made for the payment of Lieft, Fisher for the time he kept the school being 4 months, and one week, and for wood he expended upon that occasion the sum being 7£ 13^ 4^. It seems to have been the custom to make a rate for the teacher's pay once in six months. In the last instance sixty- six persons were taxed to pay the Schoolmaster. Lieut. Joshua Fisher Avas the son of Joshua of Med field, born at Syleham, Eng., in 1620; came to New England in 1637 ; made freeman 1639 ; married Mary Aldis at Dedham Nov. 16, 1643; married Widow Lydia Oliver of Boston, 1654; was Selectman 22 years from 1648 ; Town Clerk 4 years ; was an Inn Keeper and Surveyor. He was almost constantly em- OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 15 ployed in the business of the town near to the time of his death, which occurred August 10, 1672. The scarcity of teachers at this time became troublesome. 28 of y^ 1 mo 1656 Lieft Fisher and Ensign Chickering are deputied to treat with Willy Woodward about the keeping schoole & and to receive & return to the select men his direct answer. There is no record of his "direct answer," but probably there was no long vacation in 1656. Mr. Woodward probably taught a part of the year. He became a preacher and served the town occasionally in that capacity, for which services money was paid to his executor after his early decease. He was the son of Peter Woodward of Dedham and for a time member of Harvard College ; " was probably one of the seventeen who left college in 1655 without a degree." John Hull in his diary calls him "a young and powerful preacher." In December of that year the Selectmen bethought them- selves of their venerable neighbor as is shown by the following passage in their records : to be proposed at the generall meetinge that a School M'' being not yet attayned nor like conveniently to be speedily Supplyed & the late select men conceaveing that Brother Metcalf might be useful that waye, & being treated withall seemes not wholly averse, it is desired the towne would consider it at present and declare them selves. On the " 5th of the 11 mo 1656 " the Town did "declare themselves " as follows : The Towne did by voate give a call to Bro. Metcalfe to keep schoole in our Towne & leave it to the Select men to agree with him therein. The former schoolmaster, Joshua Fisher, now becomes Town Clerk, and in his handwriting we find the contract made with Mr. Metcalf. 9 of 11 mo 1656. Agreed with Michaell Metcalfe for to keep the schoole for the year insuinge, the said Michael doe undertake to teach the children that shall be sent to him to reade English and to 16 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS write : all which he do undertake faithfully to do : in consideration whereof we doe engage he shall receive from the town the summe of twenty pounds two therd partes in wheate att the price of the towne or Countrie Rate and the other parte of the paye in other corne at price above mentioned, and the schoole to be kept at the school house except the weather be extreame to hinder, and then he is to atend it at his owne dwellinge house : and the towne is to take care to have the harth layde in the schoole house forth with, and to have the windows made fitt : & wood for the fire to be layd in att the schoole house : we ingage to call upon the parents of the children that they carefully provide it in due time. And it is agreed that the therd part above expressed to be payed in other corne shall not bee above one therd part in Indian corne : and in the heat of the weather if the said Michael desire to use the metinge house he may so doe provided the house be left clene against any publiq use of the house, and also that the windows be made good if any be broken, and any other damage made good that is done by the use of the metinge house in that kind : and the school to begin the 19 day of this present mo : and the pay is to be quarterly as is above expressed, that is 5£ a quarter. It is hardly to be supposed that Mr. Metcalf taught only readinoj and writino;, but rather that he ao-reed to teach these at least to all the pupils. There is now in existence the iden- tical arithmetic which he used as a teacher of the school. This book, an enlarged edition of Robert Record's arithmetic, was published in 1G30, and is now in the archives of the Ded- liam Historical Society. He Avas born at Tatterford, Norfolk Co., England, in 158(3 ; consequently he was seventy years old when he became a schoolmaster. To escape from persecution he took passage for America April IG, 1()37, and was admitted townsman of Dedham July 14, 1G37. He was evidently much respected for intelligence, which caused his townsmen to turn to him for assistance in the business of education. That any dissatisfaction should appear, to annoy Mr. Metcalf, seems very strange ; but here is proof that some were ready to find fault. Town-clerk Fisher made this record : OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 17 IG*^** of the 12 mo 1656. Upon the complaint of some of the Inhabitance that the school Master refuse to teach such childring as are above fourteen yeares of age the men hereunder named are de- puted to goe and treate with the school master about the covenant wherein it is expressed he should teach all that are sent to him to Wright and read. No early schoolmaster was required to teach spelling, as the subject was not considered important. In the arithmetic used by Master Metcalf the same word is sometimes spelled in three different Avays in the same paragraph. The trouble did not become serious, for in a few days, at a general meeting, the following vote was passed : The Town doe give Micell Metcalfe a call to keep school the year insuinge and leave it to the next select men to agree with him for 20;^ a yeare. Near the end of this second year, on the fourth of the twelfth month, he was requested to keep another year, when his reply was " that at present he was not ripe to give an answer," so it was agreed that he should continue a month on the same terms as before, and then they might come to an agreement. At the end of the month they made a similar con- tract with j\ir. Metcalf for a year, " or so long therein as God shall enable him." It was specified "that if any inhabitant shall take any child or children to that end to send them to schoole " the schoolmaster might refuse to teach them until they gave him satisfaction. It Avas also provided that he shall be required no more highe waye work but only one daye work of one man «& a teame, and one day more of a man. And no advantage shall be taken to discount for not attending the Schoole except it be discontinued a full weeke together. But it is evident that this year was not completed accord- ing to the contract. On the 6th of the 10th month " the want of a school M"^ " was a subject of debate in the board of Select- men. 18 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS The following record of the Selectmen introduces the next Schoolmaster. 6. of 10 [mo] 59 . . being met to finish the Countrey Rate, the consideration of the want of a schoolm'' being p[ro]posed it is vpon debating the case resolued to give a calle to Thomas Marret jun"^ of Cambridg to keep the schoole for a quarter of a yeare vpon the allow- eance p[ro]portionable to the sail ary formerly agreed vpon in that case that is 5^ for that quarter & to be pd halfe in wheat and half in other corne. A brief trial of Master Marret resulted in his favor ; and four days later the Selectmen " Agreed with Thomas Marrett that he shall continue to keepe the schoole in Towne so long as to make the time one whole yeare from the time he began, that is, the 3 of January 1659, for the Summe of 20;^ to be pd one halfe in wheat and the other halfe in Indian Corne at price Current in Towne being merchantable ; and he under- takes to attend the teaching of the schollars sent to Schoole accord- ing as the former schoolm'". Michall Metcalfe did engage." On the eleventh of Feb. 1660 another agreement is made with Master Marret which for quaintness and caution is a curiosity. Agreed with Tho Marritt to keep the Schoole in this Towne : for halfe a yeare : to teach all such children as shall be sent to him to write and to reade so far as god shall inable him with all diligenc and for the same he is to have : the full summe of of tenn pounds, to be payd. the one halfe in wheate at four shillings 10 penc for bushell : and the other half in endene corne : at 3 shillings per bushell to be payed quarterly or at every quarters end five pounds ; and he is to begine the one and twentieth of the 11 mo. 1660 and to continue till the one and twentieth of the 5 mo. 61 and in cause the select men shall se cause to provide a nother in that time for a nother halfe yeare or not to have a Schoole kept a nother halfe yeare they are to giue the sayd Thomas two monthes warning that he may prouide him selfe else wheare. other wise he is to proseed for the other halfe yeare for the same price and pay : and at the same rate as above specified for the other half yeare ; and if the sayd Tho shall omit keeping of the Schoole upon any ochasione on hoole weeke : he shall be acovntable OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 19 for it; but if upon ochasion he omite two or thre dayes ; in a weeke : so that he keep parte of the week : thier is nothing required of him for it." This record was made by Timothy Dwight, the ancestor of at least two college presidents ; he was town clerk of Dedham in 1661. Thomas Marret was the son of Deacon Thomas Marret of Cambridge, and was probably known in Dedham because his sister Abigail married Daniel Fisher of this town. In 1664 he was in New London, Connecticut, employed as a scrivener for that town. He was appointed custom-master for the port of New London in 1668, and on December 15th of the same year was chosen Marshal of New London County, which latter office he resigned in 1674. Miss Caulkins in her " History of New London" (page 314) states that he "was, for several years, the most conspicuous attorney in the place," and that his name disappears "from the rolls of living men, about 1685." Mr. Marret evidently did not complete his second year, and the town showed its confidence in the venerable master Metcalf by making with him another covenant on the 24*'' of the 5"^° 1661. As a specimen of exact bargaining, characteristic of old times, we will venture to give it entire : Agreed with Michall Metcalfe to keepe the schoole so longe time as god shall inahle him for seaven shilinges eight penc a weke the schoole to be keept in the parlor of the dweling house some time Frances Chickringes deceased: to teach the malle children that shall be sent to him by the inhabitance the sayd Michall do ingage to teach them to reade and to wright English as they shall be capable : in considration where of we the select men do ingage and promise to pay vnto the say[d] Michall his ex[e]cetors or asignes at the ende of the quarter for so longe a time as he keepe schoole : seaven shilinges eight penc a weeke : viz. halfe in wheat at the price the biscat bakers take when it is dew and the other halfe in rye or Endine corne at the price it pas curant from man to man : and all good and merchantable corne to be delivered at his dweling house : more over that woode for the fire be layd in at the schoole house : a hachet and belows to be 20 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS prouided all so it is at our liberty when we please to put in hoome we think goode to keepe the schoole and we grant the like librty to the sayd Michall to leaue of the schoole at any time when he shall se cause : not with standing: any thing expresed in eyther of thes cove- nants above sayd : shall not hinder the sayd Michall in his just librty or absence from schoole vpon any speciall ochasions or providences that may be fall and that no advantage shall be taken so as to detayne any parte of his wages for some times : being nessesarily taken of from the schoole prouided : if it shall be aboue a weekes time : it shall then be discounted : other wise not : the schoole to begine the first of the 6mo 1661 provided that the in habitanc take no children from other Townes to put them to schoole if any do so they shall agree with the schooll master. Under this ag-reement Master Metcalf continued his labors probably till the spring of 1663. He died December 24, 1664. He was a beloved teacher, and his name should be honored. The next Schoohnaster was John Swinerton. He was covenanted with as his i)redecessor had been, but in terras somewhat different, as the town probably then contained nearly a hundred families, and one capable of teaching Latin would soon be required by the Statute of 1647. A part of the record is as follows : Nouember 22 1663 . . . the said m"^ Swinareton is to teach such male childeringe as are sent to him to wright & read & the use of retmitick as they are capable and the Latten tounge so fare as he can & to trie for one quarter of a yeare houe he may sute with the Towne & the Towne take content with him & so to continue for a year if there be a concurance betwen the Towne & him. His term of service seems to have been half a year. After- wards he settled as a physician in Salem, where he was re- spected for his skill and esteemed for his benevolence. A Latin book for elementary instruction, Brinsley's Accidence, containing John Svvinerton's name, written in 1652, was for- merly in the possession of William B. Fowle, of Boston. This book, consisting of questions and answers, was published in 1612, and was generally used in the schools of England. The OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 21 Accidence of Ezekiel Cheever was published about 1650, and took the place of Brinslej's book in America. Dr. Swinerton died in Salera, January 6, 1691, aged 57. The Town seems to have been compelled to come back to its home supply of instruction. One who is unable to endure the hard labor of subduing the forest and raising *' wheat & other corne " is supposed to be worth trying in the not less useful work of teaching, as is shown by the following record : 6. of 2. 64. Assemb. after Lecture. ... In consideration of the p^'sent want of a school master and of the weakly estate of o' Br Joseph Ellice he being willing and we being hopefuU he may doe Some good in teaching Some childeren to read English, for p'"sent and vntill one more able may be attayned, doe agree and order, that forth- with notice be given that he shall begin to teach at the schoolhouse the next two daye and that he shall have 6* p week so long as he shall so teach and that this shall be p'"pounded to the Towne the next lectur daye that the mind of the Towne may be known therein. There is no doubt that the Town assented to the choice of "Br. Joseph Ellice," and that his teaching was satisfactory. When he had labored in his new vocation a half year or more, the following entry was made : 22 : of 9 : 64: Assemb: afternoon . . . being mett to make the Rate to paye the Schoolmaster at 3^ 6** each Scholler the number of Schollers being 45. and estates rated at i** p[er] £ This was to pay Mr. Ellice for a year's work ; 85 persons were rated, the largest tax being that of Rev. John Allin, 15» 9**; the smallest, of " Elnath : Dunckly," 5'^. A second year's service is implied in this record : 10 : of 11 mo 1665 ... A bill is given to Joseph Ellice to reseave of the Constable 15^ — 12* in full for his sallary for keepeing the Schoole this p''sen yeare. To earn this amount at 6 shillings per week, he must have taught 52 weeks. He continued in the work the next year, and another record shows his last engagement in the service of the Town. 22 TJIE SCHOOLS AND TEACHEBS 19 : of 9 : IfiOG ... It is ordered that Joseph Ellice shall keepethe schoole one halfe yeare more and is to haue the same payem' that he haue formrly had for the like time to begin againe the next 2 daye being the 26. of 9. OG : The last record relative to liiiii i.s this : 28 : 10 : Of) . . . A bill is giuen to Joseph Kllice to receaue 7^ 16' of the Constable in pt of payem' for keepeing Schoole. So (his man of " weakly estate" taught the sehool three years, and tio fault was found in his record. He became a townsman January 11, 1(),")1. lie does not appear on the rec- ords as a cluiivh lueinbcu"; but he is there called "brother Ellice." His luuuc is on tlio rate bills till 1(571, but in 1()72 " Vid : KUicui " takes its place: this .seems to show approxi- mately the date of his death. Samuel Man, a youth of twenty years and a graduate of Harvard (.college in the class of KJlJT), appears as a teacher in Dedliani in the sunuuer of 1(>()7. The covenant with him was bri(>f but dclinite. l-'{ : '5 : <)7 Asscinb. after Trayneing . . . Agreed with m'' Samuel Man. to teach the male Children of this Towne that shall be sent to him in English writeing. Crammar. and Arithmeticke for the space of one whole yeare from 27"^" of this Instant moneth. for which he is to re- ceaue 20' in Such paym' and at such prizes as the Countrey Rate shall accept for that yeare. one halfe to be payed at the end of each halfe yeare. at his assignm' in Dedham. Subscribed Samuell Man : (Jrauunar here evitlently uieans Latin Gramiuar, or Clu>ev(M''s Accidence and Latin preparatory to College. This teacher appears to have been much esteemed, being doubtless more scholarly than his immediate predecessors. Probably about this time the number of families in Dedham made it necessary to maintain a granunar school in which boys could be fitted for colleg(>. Before Mr. Man's first year was completed the selectmen recorded their action as follows : 27 : 2. 68. Assemb : afternoone, ... It is agreed and ordered that if m'' Samuell Man will accept of the same covenant made with him the OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 23 last year : both for what he shall doe and w' paye he shall receaue for salleray for that yeare he shall be schoole master for the yeare next ensueing the end of the yeare he covenanted for. The young man continued his duties and, as the end of the year approached, we find still further proof of his pojmlarity in the followinii^ record : 2G : 2 : 6!>. Assemb. to consider the Schoolem" continuance Our Reve''^^ Pasto' being p'sent Lieft Fisher Ensig : Fisher Pet : Woodward Serg*^ Averey Serg*^ Fuller Tymo : Dwight Elea : Lusher It is by vnanimous voate resolued to desire M"' Man to continue to keepe schoole in Town one yeare more, after the present year is expired Mr Man being p'"sent upon call, it being p[ro]pounded to him whether he would attend the same worke of keepeing schoole accord- ing to his former couen' for one yeare more and accept of 20' pounds for his sallary in Corn at price Currant, who accept of and engage to p[ro]ceed accordingly. The next year the same coverumt is renewed except "ho recauo no Indian corne vpon this account for more than 3* p bushell." In 1(371 Mr Man was re-elected, and also in 1(')72, when the record indicates that other plans are in his mind. 2() : 2 : 72 — Assemb. towards night . . vpon treatie w"' M"" Sam" Man. he accept of agreem' tendered to him to keepe the Schoole in this Towne for the space of one yeare more after his p^'sent yeare is expired upon the same tearmes that he agreed vpon 13 : 3 : 07. allwayes excepting his engagem' to Wollomonuppoage [Wrentham]. and vpon that occasion, he to giue the Selectmen two monthes notice, that they may supply themselues. The fact that the Selectmen were within a few months trying to " supply themselves " proves that Mr. Man soon left the school to enter upon his other engagement. He will dis- appear from Dedham for a season, to return a little later. But a curious entry in the Records attests his honesty and fidelity in little things. 24 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS 13 : 10 : 72 . . This day m'' Man sent Q^ in money in satisfac- tion for three quarrells of glase broken by the schollers while he keept the schole, which is left in the hands of Nath. Fisher. Mr, Man cast in his lot with the settlers of Wrentham, and the Selectmen put on record their efforts to secure a suc- cessor. 17:4: 72. Assemb. to treat w*^ M' Burroughs about keeping the schoole. Eld"^ Hunting Ensi : Fisher Sergt : Fuller Lieft : Fisher Edw : Richards Elea : Lusher The covenant made with M' Man 13:3: 67 and often since re newed being read to M"^ Burroughs and tendered to be p[er]formed to him for one yeare next ensueing after a daye to be appointed M"^ Burroughs accept it not This hitch in the negotiations showed Mr. Burroughs to be a man of decided views and seems to have made the Dedham authorities more anxious than before to secure his services. This appears in a record two days later : 19 : 4: 72 . . vpon further consideration of supply of our schoole by m'' Burrough. and haueing receaued a message from him by brother Robert fuller in answer to a letter of ours to this effect, that where as we haue p[ro]vided that M'' Burrough may be entertayned for Ten pounds p an. he desire that the other Ten pounds due to himself may without his care be turned into such comoditie or specie, as himself shall need, or order, in answer whereto the Selectmen haueing sent for severall bretheren to advise with in this difficultie. onely Bro : Avery being come to us doe agree vpon this necessitie to vndertake to answer his request expecting that the Towne will join in accomplishm* hereof and order that M'' Burrough be speedily enformed accordingly. How far this attempt to enter upon a course of specie payment was continued, we are not able to show. That it was not entirely successful is evident from the final entry in the town book relating to this case. 28 6 73 A bill is giuen to M"" Buroughs to recaive of the constable IQi-OO^-OO'* : 3i-5''-0'i in mony : G^-lS^-O'i in come for the full discharge of his years salery for keeping the schoole : OF DEDHAM. MASSACHUSETTS 25 This Mr. Jeremiah Burroughs was the son of Jeremiah Burroughs of Scituate, and was born in 1(351. He had an as- signment of common lands in that town in 1G99. His son was married to Hannah Evvell, and was in Marshfield in 1710. Mr. Burroughs taught in Dedham one year and was followed by one of the older citizens of the town. 14: 10 : 74 . . . Agreed with Tho Battely to keepe the schoole for one quarter of a year : for the salary vsualy given vnto Schoole Masters and is to begin the 21 of this instant : agreed this to be posted vp : and notice given to bring in wood : The fact that only a few months later, February 22, 1674, the following arrangement was made, indicates a scarcity of teachers : The Towne beinge presented for beinge defectiue in want of a schoole Master: Cap Dan Fisher was chosen to Answer the present- ment according to summons. New settlements vv^ore forming rapidly, and many new fields were opening for young men of learning and ability. So, for several years, Master Battelle occasionally held the position of teacher for two or three months at a time. This was the case in 1674 and 1675. In 1676 Mr. Man having been oblioed to abandon Wrentham on account of Indian hostilities, was rein- stated and continued in school three years, till 1679, when he again returned to his flock, where he spent the remainder of his life. He was not ordained till April 13, 1692. He married Esther, the daughter of Robert Ware of Dedham, May 18, 1673. They had six sons and five daughters. He died May 22, 1719 ; and among his most honored descendants is Horace Mann. /Wx^^! sffhool master, the ancestor of the Batt'^lle family in America, by one who is di^.tinsuished for his liberal gifts to edaeational institu- tions. The chair bears a silver nlate on which is engraved the fcdlowing: "Thomas Battelle, Selecttnan, 1H77, 1678, l«8(i, 1688. Town Clerlr, 1687, 1688. Given by Robbins Battell, Norfolk, Conn, a descendant." OF DEDHAM, MASSAGIIUSET TS 27 The question being put whether the care of providing A lattin School Master shall be left to the care of the selectmen it was voated in the Affirmatiue The select men have deputed Nath : Stearns to treat with Capt Hinksman his son about keepeing schooll " Capt. Hinksman his soii"\vas who entered upon iiis duties as Latin School master at the ^^ * «^ «— ^i-^mktv beginning of the year 1()81, and remained in office till the autumn of 1G85. As his father was for a time one of the assistant teachers of the Boston Latin School, it is highly probable that Richard was educated there. There is nothing on record to show the character of his teach- ing. Ho seems to have been free to make known the wants of his school, and the town always cheerfully supplied them. Robert Avery received of the constable 4. 3-1 G8 1 . . three shillings six psnc in or as mony for A payer of tongs for the use of the schooll l"2-]0-81 . . the schoole Master complaineing that there want seates for the children and A table Deacon Aldus is desired and deputed to doe what is necesary in that respect. The donation of Dr. Avery was managed according to the wish of the donor, as we infer from the following : 22. 11. 1683 . Assembled Insi Fuller Dea Aldus Serg' Ellic Serg^ Pond Serg* Metcalfe Willi Auery Nath Steanies with the Reu*^ Elders to order & dispose of the money giuen by Doct Willi Avery for the vse of A lattin Schooll Ensi Tho Fuller Serg' Daniel Pond and Sergt Tho Metcalfe are desired and impowered w"^ the Rev'^ elders and Select men to take care of and to dispose of the money aboue said so as it maybe secure and improued for the end mentioned. What the annual income of this gift added to the master's salary, no record discloses. Dr. Avery's hope that it would be increased by other donations was not realized. The name of the Avery School in East Dedham is all that now remains to remind us of his liberality. 28 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS After the danger from Indian hostilities ceased, the settlers were more widely scattered, and it was not easy for all to enjoy the privileges of education at one school. This led to some complaints about the mode of taxation, and an attempt was made to equalize the burdens. At A generall meeting of the Inhabitants 10-1-1684-5- This Day the Committee chosen 1-11-1684 to consider of Some just land equiall way, whereby to raise the schoolemasters Sallary did present their thouts in Severall queries or propositions which being seueraly scaned and considered the inhabitants did vote as foUoweth viz 1 That the one half of the Schoole charges as well for quality as for quantity shall be raised upon the ratable estate of our inhabitants whether nearer to the school or further of. 2 that all such persons as dwell within one mile and a quarter from the School haveing male children shall pay for each such child five shillings A year from six years old to twelve years old 3 that those that dwell within two miles and A halfe of the Schoole and beyond the mile and quarter: shall pay two shillings six penc A year for their male childrin from seaven years old to twelve years old. 4 that gramer scholeres shall be rated and pay to the Schoole five shillings p head more than english scholers that dwell within A mile and quarter of the schoole. 5. that those inhabitants that dwell more than two .miles and A halfe from the schoole shall be freed from all charge of rates vpon their childrens heades for the school vntel they shall receive benefit thereby, and then shall be rated and pay as those within A mile and quarter : alewayes prouided that such childrin be taken care of, so as they be sufficiently taught to read and wright. 6. that the one halfe of the schoole charge shall be raised vpon the heades of children according to those rules of proportion above mentioned. A Tax bill of January 26, 1G84-5, is on record wherein each inhabitant is assessed thre farthings in the pound one third to be paid in money and two thirds in corne to defreyTown charges and part of the Schooll master's Sallery and the other part [of the Salary] is raised vpon the childrin. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 29 The amounts are put opposite the parents' names to the right of the amounts on estates. Thirty-five parents are taxed for 49 children. Very soon after tliat the school tax was levied as before on " persons and estates." 26 August 85 . . . m'' Hinchman declares his earnest desir to be dismist from keeping the School declareing that it would be very great detrement to hime to be holden longer in it. vnto which desir of his alter serious consideration the Select men returned this Answer, viz*, that they were not willing to hold hime ; it being So much to his damiage, but desired that he would continue in that work So long as he conueaniantly could ; and further agreed to make A motion to James Thorp and to his Son peter that he, viz*, peter would keepe schooU in m' Hinkmans Stead and desired and deputed Serg* metcalfe and Nath : Stearnes to treat with them vpon that account. 14 September 85 at A general Town meeting after traineing it was proposed to the inhabitants whether they were willing that the Select- men should agree with Peter Thorpe to keepe the Schoole to which they answer and declare by their vote that they are not willing Mr. Henchman soon left Dedham, and some years later was the master of a writins: school in Boston. His successor was Joseph Holbrook, who evidently did not enter upon his duties with the purpose of continuing a long time in the Town's ser- vice. The recorded contract is nearly all we are able to give concerning him. 22 September [1685] . . . This Day we made an agreement with m' Holbrook to keepe the Schoolle and to teach such children as come to reade and wright both English and latin acording to his abilety and their capasityes for the Space of one halfe year absolutly : and So much longer after the halfe year is out as he can without damiage to hime Selfe. and he is to begin the halfe yeare the fifth day of October which will end the fifth day of April 86 for which serve that halfe year he is to receive Seaven pounds in corn pay and five pounds in money, and so proportionabley for what time he shall continue longer in that servic. The " halfe year absolutly" was not completed, as the fol- lowing statement explains. 30 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS 111 1685 . . . The Towne beinge Indebted to m'' Joseph Hol- brooke : for keepinge the school as doth appeare : three pound ten shilings the Select men order TimothyDwight to giue thoes that leagally dema[n]d it a bill to the present Constables, James Thorp and Nathan- iell Chickring l-*-8«-0 in mony and 2*-2*-0 in comon Town payment the time that the schoole was keept was seuen weekes and 3 days Mr. Holbrook was not a graduate of Harvard College ; but perhaps he may have once been a student there. In Thatcher's Journal (Teele's Milton, p. 653), under the date Dec. 6, 1683, the author says, on returning home : <' I found a College scholar viz. Holbrook at my house waiting for me with whom I spent most of the afternoon." This may refer to the Dedham schoolmaster. The next master was John Eliot. The only information concerning him is obtained from a few accounts of money and " corne" which he received for his services. 27 10 1G86 ... A bill is giuen to m'' Eliot Schoolmaster to re- ceaue of Constabl Thorp two pounds ten shilings and of Constabl Richard[s] two pound ten shilling. 5' 0^ 0'^ in mony. April 25 [ 1 687] A bill is giuen m' Jn° Eliot schoolem' & receiue of James Thorpe and Nathanell Richards Constables fourtie shillings in money, &: three pounds in corne paym' ; more to receiue three pounds of the comitte intrusted with the schoole money viz* ens Fuller Lief Pond serg* Metcalfe, this bill returned [Avery's donation] August 19 . . . Ens Thomas Fuller p^'sent a bill under the hand of m"" Jn° Eliot Late schoolem"" wherin m"^ Eliot owne the receipt of twenty shillings in silver of Ens Tho : Fuller as a part of the money due to him This John Eliot was the son of Rev. John Eliot of Newton, and grandson of the apostle to the Indians. He was born April 28, 1667 ; was fitted for college by Gen. Daniel Gookin, and graduated at Harvard College in 1685 ; was an attorney at Windsor, Connecticut ; a speaker of the House of Deputies, and Judge of the Harvard County court. He died March 25, 1719. [See Sibley's " Harvard Graduates," Vol. HI, page 339.] or DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 31 At this time it was extremely difficult to obtain a Latin master, and rather than be entirely without a school, the ser- vices of Thomas Battellc were again obtained for two months, December and January, 1790-1. Under the circumstances, this was the best the town could do, and yet it was not satisfactory to all. The selectmen recorded the result as follows : 11:3:91 . . . haueing notice from y® Honr'^ Court that y® towne is presented for want of a Gramer Schoole, and allso that y® selectmen aper att Court y'' twelft of this Instant to answer y® presentm* we haue desired and impoured ezra mors to answer y*' same att Court. We presume that when "brother Morse" informed the Court that so good a man as Thomas Battelle had been employed a part of the year, the good intentions of the toAvn were ap- preciated, and no fine was imposed for its seeming neglect. It is proper to say here that Mr. Battelle was much esteemed as a citizen, and was often called to engage in public affairs. He married Mary, the daughter of Joshua Fisher, September 5, 1648 ; became a freeman in 1654 ; died February 8, 1706, and in the record is styled " the aged." On the 29th day of July, 1691, in the record of a general meeting there is this statement : Agreed With Joseph Lord to keepe y^ Schoole one halfe yeare the time to begin in y^ 4 day of August 1 691 for which seruice he is to haue foure pound in money and eight pound ten shillings in corne at price currant. Mr. Lord was born in Charlestown, and had just graduated at Harvard College. He taught in Dedham two years ; after- wards was ordained, and in 1697 went with his Church to Dorchester, South Carolina, where he died in 1748. The custom of prefixing " Sir" to the names of the school- teachers first appears in the Dedham records, thus : 6'^ 5 : 1691 . , . Tho Medcalf is Desired and appoynted to agree with Si'' Lord of Charlstown to keep y^ schoole in this Towne for one yeare. 32 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS This respectful mode of address continued about twenty years. The next contract for School-keeping was made with John Woodward, August 20, 1693, for " one quarter of theyeare and to recaive mony two pounds and in corn fower pound five shilings." He began his work Sept. 4, 1693, and continued to keep the School two years, as long evidently as he could be retained. He was the son of Peter and Mehitabell Woodward, born in Dedliam December 7, 1671, and fitted for college in the Dedham " Lajin School," under the instruction of Master Man ; graduated from Harvard College in 1693 ; was ordained at Norwich, Connecticut, December 6, 1699 ; married Mrs. Sarah Rowell, 1703; was dismissed September 13, 1716 because of a controversy in his Church respecting the Say brook Plat- form ; retired to a farm in East Haven, where he died in 1746. December 31, 1094 ... It was also proposed to the Town whither thay will raise maintinance for the Schoole only upon persons and estates of the inhabitance. this was voated in the afifirmative. AYitli a few exceptional years, this had been the method of raising the schoolma.ster's salary from the beginning. The school-house built in 1649, had served its purpose, and before quite completing its half century of educating and guarding the Town, gave })lace to an edifice of simpler construction. Its main features, though not its dimensions, may be learned from the following record. According to a preliminary agreement, made August 26, 1693, it was to be built the same length and breadth, and " windowes as extensive as the old School House." march the 8 1G04-5. Assembled Sarg* Samuell Guild Daniel Fishar Nathaniell Bullard and William Avery To goe threw with the agree- ment with John Baker conserning the Schoole house & doe agree that the Said John Baker Shall goe on and build the Schoole house finding all timber bords claueboards Shingles naills glasse brick stone & clay. & borde the outside & clauebord the Inside & make it close warme and desent suitable to such a Schoole house «Sc to make one doore &: two windowes containins: twelue foots of glasse also a good OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 33 Stone Chimny nine foots between gams and to carry it out of the house with good brick twelue cors of brick aboue the house & to find whatsoeuer else is nesecery & to finish said house to the turning of the kay and the aboue said house to be finished by the first of June 1695 Excepting the upar flore & claubording the Inside which flore claue- bording is also to be finished by the twenty fifth day of October next after the date herof for and in consideration of this aboue written we the Select men of Dedham doe agree in the behalfe of the towne that the abouesaid John Baker shall Receiue of the Town of Dedham twenty shilings in mony att the time when said School house is raised and fine teen pounds ten shilings att the twenty fifth day of february next to be payed in corn in Rye at four shiling per bushel & Indian corn at three shilings par bushell & so much as shall be payed of this fifteen pounds ten shilings in mony the Said John Baker shall abate one fourth part thereof he is also to Receiue the old Schoole house with what belongs thereto & the Stone & clay of the Towns lying by it the aboue said mony and corn to be payed to John Baker to him his Heyers or Sussesers To oblige to the faithfull parformance of the whole above written we have here unto set our hands this aight day of March 1694-5 John Baker In the Name & by order of the Select men William Avery Town clerk The first schoolhouse was sometimes so cold as to interrupt the school ; the new one, with its fire-place " nine foots between gams," could be Avarmed if the supply of wood did not fail. The question of ventilation would also give no trouble. The new house with its " inside clauebording," and chimney " nine foots between gams," was first occupied by " Sir "Joseph Morse, who had just received his degree from Harvard College in 1695. The covenant with him is brief, as long usage had established the general duties and obligations of schoolmasters. ^ August 28 1695 , . . This day the Select men have agreed with Joseph Mors to keep the Schoole for which he is to Receive of the Town after the Rate of twenty five pounds by the year whereof aight pounds is to be mony the other Seventeen pounds corn Rye at four shilings per bushell & Indian corn att three shilings per bushell 34 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Sir Mors has begun upon the work of keep the schoole the second day of September 1695 After teaching a year in Dcdham, Mr. Morse preached for a time to the Indians in some part of the Connecticut Colony ; but finally returned to " Punkapoag Pkntation," now Canton, and was ordained pastor of the church there October 30, 1717. lie died November 2!), 1732, in the sixty-first year of his age, and was buried in the old Canton cemetery. At this time the public interest in education manifested itself in an effort to endow the school with real estate. The manner in which this laudable work was carried out is best described by the following record : March the 10 1095-0. The propriators of the common lands be- longing to this Town of Dedham being met according to their appoynt- ment and notis given at the Generall Town meeting the second day of this Instant March to consider what might be nesessary to be done for the securing and regulating of their propriaty It was then proposed to the Said propriator, Whither they will Grant a tract or parcell of upland medow & swamp to the Quantity of three hundred acres to be wholly to the use and benefit of a Schoole toward the maintinance thereof in this Town of Dedham in that tract of land neer Sudbery of the best of their land medow & swamp there that which may be most prophitable towards the maintinance of a Schoole which they will lay out order and Improve to that end by a commity which they will Chose and appoynt to that work this was granted in the afirmative. Accordingly the propriator choose a Commity to lay out Said tract or parcell of land for the benefit of the Schoole. the Commity Chosen are Cap*^ Timothy Dwight, Jonathan Gay and John Smith The school farm was laid out ; but we shall soon find that as land it did not prove to be a source of much revenue. At least it was not deemed best to retain the property in that form, and there is no proof that any income was ever received from it as a farm. In 1696 the town began to pay the salary of the school- master entirely in money, as the following record indicates : OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 35 Assembled ( Serg* Thomas Metc;ilfe [ohn Fuller f q. i November: 16 IG96 | Leu^ Samvell Guild & William Avery } selectmen The above said Select men in behalfe of the Town of Dedham Agreed with m'' Samuel Whitman to keep the Schoole this present year for which service as Schoole master being dvly performed the Said m'' Samveil Whitman is to Receive of the Town twenty five pounds in money in two eqvall payments the first after six monthes Schooling the second after the year is expired Said schoole master began to keep the Schoole the third week in November 1696 Mr. Wliitman taught the scliool about a year and a half. He had graduated from Harvard College in 1698. After leaving Dedham he was employed in teaching the grammar school of Salem in 1699. In 170(3 he was ordained pastor of the church in Farmington, Connecticut. He was a Fellow of Yale College from 1724 to 1746, and died in August, 1751, aged 75. As a minister of the gospel he was eminent for his ability, zeal, and usefulness. The custom seems to be now established of employing in the school men of liberal education, capable of fitting boys for college. Their terms of service were not long ; but the school was doubtless managed with a good degree of uniformity. When we consider the character of the men as shown by their life work, we cannot doubt the excellence of their labors, and the value of their influence on the young peo})le of Dedham. The next teacher was a young man who had just graduated from Harvard, and claimed to be a descendant of that John Fox, whose Book of Martyrs has made his name familiar. July the 8 [1G98] . . m"" John Fox is agreed with to keep the Schoole and began that work the 29 of August & to receive 25 lb & keep him a hors June 22 : 1700 . . . This day upon Reckoning with m'' John Fox Schoolemaster for keeping Schoole in Dedham one year and three quarters and there remaines due to Said Schoole master six pounds & fifteen Shilling thirteen thereof is for keeping his hors at his own charge Master Fox was the son of the Rev. Jabez Fox of Woburn, who graduated from Plarvard College in 1665. The son was 36 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS ordained as successor of his father October 14, 1703, and died December 12, 1756, in his seventy-seventh year. His long ministry of over fifty years may indicate that the town acted wisely in agreeing " to keep him a hors." He was, however, of a hardy stock. His mother died in her ninety-ninth year, being the widow of Col. Jonathan Tyng. Mr. Fox published a dis- course on the earthquake of 1728. Under Master Fox the school entered a new century. It had belonged to the 17th ; it had passed through the privations and dangers peculiar to that century of New England life ; it now emerged into the eighteenth century, where there was more of security, and consequently, of stability also. It has been progressive, and we may be confident that it will continue to advance as the town itself grows in population and wealth. , It will be appropriate here to say a few words concerning the text books of that period. The Arithmetics of the early schools were very unlike the modern books of that name. They contained no problems for the pupils to solve. Under each rule one or two examples were fully explained ; and the teacher furnished others to exercise the learner's skill. So every schoolmaster had to be equipped with one or more man- uscript books of " Sums" which he could set for his scholars. These were doubtless the product of his own busy school days, when he learned in order that he might teach others. The Arithmetic of Robert Record, enlarged and printed in 1630, was used by Master Michael Metcalf, as before stated. Before the year seventeen hundred but few books were used in the school. Reading was learned by the beginners from the "English Primer," which contained among other things a prayer of Edward VI ; verses by John Rogers, the martyr ; and the Westminster Catechism. This book cost four pence. After the Primer, the Psalter was read, and by the older scholars the Testament and the Bible. The intense desire of the Puritans that their children should be able to read and understand the holy scriptures caused the Bible to hold a prominent place in OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 37 the school. It was not only read, but carefully studied. As the children heard it daily quoted in their homes, where religious doctrines were a constant theme of discussion, they took more interest in it than in any other book ; and so, by studying it in the school, laid the foundations of that knowledge which gave them a just appreciation of the religious privileges which were the pride and the safeguard of the State. The oldest spelling book I have seen makes a part of a small volume printed in 1720, probably in Boston, under this title: "The Youth's Instructor in the EnoHsh Tono;ue." Besides spelling it treats of penmanship and reading, both prose and poetry ; devotes several pages to arithmetic, business forms, and Bills of Exchange. As the first thirty-two pages are missing, the author's name cannot be determined ; but to his credit it may be said that the work is well composed and contains a larger amount of useful information than is often found in a school book of its size. Certainly, if boys and girls mastered its contents, they would not be very deficient in the three r's. Their knowledge of penmanship would be most thorough, such as we often see exhibited in old manuscripts that almost defy imitation. Writing in those days was treated as a fine art, and was interesting because ornamental. It is certainly a step backward towards barbarism to leave out of penmanship all considerations of beauty and treat it only as a matter of mere utility. In some schools and probably in that of Dedham, " The English Schoole Master " was, in a literary sense, the highest book in reading. This contained some of the best literary material of that century in both prose and verse, and resembled in a degree the school readers of the present day. A work on arithmetic by James Hodder was in common use in New England. Leybourn's Arithmetic also had its career in the Colonial schools. But there is nothing to indicate that these books were owned by many of the scholars who learned the art chiefly by ' ' working the sums " setby the masters. 38 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS " Oldcastle's Book Keeping" was the principal authority in the early schools ; and no doubt Thomas Battelle was guided by this work in teaching the Dedham youth "to cast ac- counts." In Latin, Brinsley's or Cheever's Accidence prepared the waj'' for Eutropius, Caesar, Cicero and Virgil, and the course was continued till the boy could be honestly recom- mended to the College. How one man could teach such a range of studies we can hardly imagine. lie would certainly have little time for moral suasion in managing his subjects, and we can easily excuse him if he did lubricate the wheels of school government somewhat freely with the " oil of birch." However, the school day was long; in summer it probably began at seven A. JM., and ended at five P. M., with an intermission of an hour; in winter, or from the first of November to the first of March, the hours were from eiglit to four. These~ were the hours in the Salem Grammar School, according to Felt's Annals, and no doubt there was a general uniformity in the schools of the Colony. But we have reason to believe that the younger pupils were eenerallv sent home at an earlier hour, and the grammar scholars recited their lessons undisturbed in the last half of the afternoon session. The}^ did not regard this as a hardship, such was their zeal for learning. Besides, their fathers and elder brothers were toiling more hours every day, and doing severer work in felling the forest and preparing the fields for cultivation. A desire to derive an income from the " schoole farme" induced the town to put it upon sale March 13, 1699, "for money to be improved for the benefit of the schoole." It was put to the Towne whither thay will choos a commity of three men to make sale of said schoole farme and give deed of con- vaiance & receive the money for it in the behalfe of the Town to be delivered by the said committy to such as the Town shall appoynt to Receive said money that it may be Improved wholy for the benifit of a Schoole in Dedham towards the maintinance thereof this was answered in the afirmative the Commity choosen thereunto are Sargt Daniell Fisher John Baker and Sargt Eleazer Kingsbery. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 39 In accordance with this vote the committee sold the school farm of 300 acres to Jonathan Gray for fifty pounds. The deed of conveyance is dated Jan. 1, 1699-700, "the 12th year of his majesty's reign, King Wil- eston- liam 3d." This farm lies in the northwest angle of the present town of Wellesley, about a mile from Wellesley College, and in 1890 was owned by Abel and Her- bert Stevens of Wellesley. The accompanjdng plan is from a survey made in 1755, by John Jones of Ded- ham, the owner at that time being Jeremiah Gay. But the desire of the town to increase the income of the school fund was soon overpowered by sympathy for an unfortunate towns- man. The folio wins; record is too expressive of old fashioned benevolence to be omitted. May 13:1700.. The Town taking into Consideration the great loss whitch Timothy Whiting hath suffered by the burning of his Corn mill, have Granted to the said Timothy Whitting the use of five & twenty pounds of the money which is to be received in part of pay for the schoole farme, provided he give good securytie for the Same to the Commity appoynted to 40 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS make Sale of said farme for the use of Town toward the maintinance of a Schoole, and that the said Tinriothy shall have the Improvement of said money for this present year without paying any use or rent for the Same. In March, 1702, the town voted to place the money received from the sale of the school farm in the hands of the same com- mittee which managed the Averj^ fund. If there had been no waste the united fund was then one hundred and ten pounds, and it enabled the town to increase the masters salar}', as they still continued to raise bvtax not less than twenty pounds annu- ally for the support of the school. William Avery, Lieut. Sanuiel Guild and Nathanaol Gay at that time were the trustees of the money. On the nineteenth of Auuust, 1700, it is recorded that, Sir Prentis began to keep the Schoole and is to receive 25 pounds for the year and kee[p]ing his horse with hay and grass. The agreement with John Prentice was ratified by a vote of the town jNIarch 26, 1701. The recipient of this increased salary, £20 having been the, previous stipend, had just gradu- ated from Harvard College, and being a native of Newton, he may have lodged in that town and ridden to and from his work in Dedham daily. Nor did he soon weary of his employment, as will appear from the following record of a selectmen's meeting : This 27th day of October, 1704 Reckoned with M' John Prentice Schoole master on account of his Keeping school in Dedham four years past the fourth yeare ending the 24th day of this Instant October and their remains Due to said NF John Prentice on account of said four year Keeping School twenty five pounds one shilling and three pence 25;^-P-3'^ Another item in the record of this date is interesting from the fact that it contains a term which appears to have become obsolete. To Comfort Starr to receive of Nathanael Kingsbury, constable out of the Town Rate, seven shillings for making a doore to the Schoole house, and cupbard, lock, and snips bills. OF DEDHAM. MASSACHUSETTS 41 The "snipfj bills," at a later day called " sni-bills," formed a sort of hinge, consisting of two iron pins resembling snipe's bills, looped together. This hinge made large was used to fasten the body of the ox-cart to the axle. In the case re- corded they were doubtless the hinges of the cupboard door. June 30th 1705 This day Reckoned with mr John Prentice Schoole master on account of the time the said Schoole Master has kept the schoole since the former Reckoning upon the first day of this Instant June, and there is Due to him upon that account thirty-five shilUngs— 01-15-00. This closed five years of Mr. Prentice's service in Dcdham. He began to preach in Lancaster, Mass., in 1705 ; was ordained pastor of the Church there March 20, 1708; and, after a suc- cessful ministry of forty years, died January 6, 174G, aged sixty-six years. That he was an able man is shown by the fact that he was chosen to preach the election sermon in 1735. The Rev. John Hancock, in a sermon before the people of Lancaster, said : Mr. John Prentice, having obtained help of God, administered unto you for the space of forty years — he was a burning and shining light, and you rejoiced in the Hght for a long season. A more extended account of his ministry and life may be found in the history of Lancaster. His father, Thomas Pren- tice, was said to have been one of Cromwell's body guard, and died in 1722, aged ninety-three years. The following record introduces the next schoolmaster: July 9th 1705 Assembled Nathanaell Gay Amos Fisher Benjamin Colburn & William Avery Selectmen and did this day agree with Sir Partrigg to Keepe the Schoole one year In Dedham & said Partrigg Schoole Master is to Receive twenty eight pounds for his labor in Keeping the schoole one year : said work being duly performed said School master began to Keep the schoole upon the twelfth day of this Instant July 1705 This was John Partridge of Hadley, Mass., the son of Col. Samuel and Mehitable (Crow) Partridge. He was born, 1(386 ; 42 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS graduated at Harvard College, 1705; and died in September, 1717. He taught the Dedhain school two or three years. Where he spent the remainder of his life we have not been able to ascertain ; but there are reasons for supposing that he continued to be a teacher in the towns of the Connecticut valley, and that he ended his days in the town of Springfield. The Rev. John Prentice of Lancaster returned to the Dedham School in 1707, and was employed till July 1st of that year, as we infer from the fact that a bill for teaching school to that date was paid by the town February 27, 1708. He was succeeded by Daniel Baker, the son of John Baker of Dedham, who was born April 18, 1686, and graduated at Harvard College in 1705. He taught in Dedham until April, 1709 ; and in 1712 was ordained as the assistant of the Rev. Daniel Gookin of Sherborn, Mass. He married Mary Quinc}^ the daughter of the Hon. Edmund Quincy of Braintree. In the language of a contemporarv, " he was a gentleman of bright natural parts, much improved by acquired knowledge, and powerful in preaching." He died in Sherborn, May 14, 1731. This brief record introduces the next Schoolmaster — The Select men haue agreed with Sir Kalander to keep the School in this town who began to keep the School on the 4'May of October 1710. Elisha Callender, son of the Rev. Ellis Callender of Bos- ton, graduated at Harvard College in 1710, and taught in Dedham about two years. In 1718, he was ordained as pastor of the first Baptist Church in Boston, as his father's successor. The two Mathers, and Mr. Webb of the North Church joined in the service. Cotton Mather preaching the sermon entitled " Good men united." After serving the church twenty years, Mr. Callender died March 31, 1738, " beloved by people of all persuasions on account of his charitable and catholic way of thinking." Sanmel Blake next taught the Dedham 3^outh. He gradu- ated from Harvard College in 1711. The record of his work is as follows : OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 43 The Selectmen haue agreed with sir Blake to keep the school in this town, who began on the 29*^^ of April, 1712. His term of service was short, closing the same year it began, and we are not able to give any account of his subse- quent life, which is supposed to have ended in 1715. Thomas Walter is introduced by the following record : The selectmen have agreed with sir Walter to keep the school in this town who began to keep the school Dec. y® 31, 1712. He was one of the most brilliant young men of his time, and must have been a person of rare attractions to the citizens of Dedham. If the records are trustworthy, that he was born December 13, 1696, he was only eighteen daj's over sixteen years old when he took charge of the Dedham Grammar School. Being the grandson of Increase Mather and nephew of the famous Cotton Mather, and also the son of Nehemiah Walter, the admired, colleague and successor of the Apostle Eliot, Thomas Walter had inherited rare abilities, and these had been developed by study and uncommon social advantages. He received his de.'>;ree from Harvard College some months after coming to Dedham, that is, in 1713. He remained in Dedham as a teacher about a j^ear and a ha,lf ; but it is evident that he continued to frequent the town, for on the 25th of December, 1718, two months after he had, by the unanimous desire of the church, been ordained as his father's colleague in the ministry of Roxbury, he carried off from Dedham, as his grand prize, Rebecca Belcher, the minister's daughter. He was an excellent musician, and in 1721 published " Grounds and Rules of Music Explained," the first singing book' " printed, with bars, in America." In his introduction to the work, he said that he had seen a congregation (was it in Dedham?) where the singing sounded "likej^i'e hundred dif- ferent Tunes roared out at the same Time." Several editions of this book were printed, the last in 1764. Dr. Chauncey in his sketch of eminent men in New Eng- land says: "Mr. Walter of Roxbur}^ son of the old gentle- 44 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS man Nehemiah, I was acquainted with, and often had occasion to admire for the superlative excellence of his natural and acquired accomplishments. He died in the prime of life : otherwise he would have been more known in the world as one of the first in New England of our truly great men." His death occurred January 10, 1724, just after he had completed his 27th year. Cotton Mather preached his funeral sermon. We quote the record as follows : The select men have agreed with Sir Gay to keep the school in this town who began on the seccond day of August 1714. This refers to the Rev. Ebenezer Gay, D. D., born in Dedham, August 15, 1696, son of Nathaniel and Lydia (Starr) Gay, adopted daughter of Eleazer Lusher. He graduated from Harvard College in 1714, and began to teach in Dedham a few days before he had completed his eighteenth year. He was early distinguished for his scholarship, and maintained that reputation through a very long life. Gov. Burnet said that, " Among the clergy of Massachusetts, Mr. Bradstreet of Charlestown and Mr, Gay of Hingham had the most erudition." His long ministry was exercised in the famous old Hingham Church which in this year 1904 is still standing. It was sixty-eight years and nine months from his ordination to the day of his death, March 18, 1787 ; and if we add the time he preached in Hingham before his ordination, his ministry to one people will fall short of seventy/ years by a few months only. Though Dr. Gay's ministry was a long one, his term of service in the Dedham school was short, and the characteristic entry in the Town Book thus announces his successor : — The selectmen have Agreed with Sir Bradford to keep the school in this Town who began to keep December y® 1st 1714. This was Perez Bradford, the son of Sanmel Bradford of Duxbury, and great grandson of Gov. William Bradford of Plymouth. He graduated at Harvard College in 1713 and was a teacher in Dedham only half a year. But this short residence here was not without some irood influence on his fortunes ; for OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 45 on May 14, 1720, the Rev. Joseph Belcher recorded that he married Mr. Perez Bradford and Mrs. Abigail Belcher. So the teacher carried away the minister's oldest daughter to Attleboro, Avhere he was much in public life ; and, after being a member of the Council of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, he died June 19, 1746. Benjamin Bass of Braintree, the son of Joseph and Mary (Belcher) Bass, gTaduated in 1715 ; and according to the Ded- ham Town Book began to keep the school " on y® first day of July 1715," and he continued this employment with great acceptance for two years. In 1728 he was ordained as the first minister of Hanover, Mass. He was prudent, diligent, devoted and beloved, and possessed a rare faculty for interesting the children of his flock. He never passed a child on the road without a kind word ; and the school children were so fond of him that, on his approach, they would arrange themselves in a row, and as he passed, greet him with bows and courtesies. Mr. Bass was somewhat famous for his wit. He received a call to settle at Eel River in Plymouth ; and when one asked him whether he should accept it, he replied, " No ; Eel River may do for small fish, but it is not large enough for a Bass." This excellent man lived sixty-two years and died May 23,1756. In the year 1717 the difliculty of sending to one school from all parts of the expanding town began to call for a remedy. At a general meeting May 13, 1717, It was further proposed to the town if [it] be their mind to have the school Removed to seuerall parts of thes town, voted in the affirmative. It was also proposed to chose a committy of 3 men to consider and propose what is proper and conuenient as to the places and time to haue sd school removed and the comity chosen by vote were Joseph Smith Amos fisher sen and John Gay tailor Sept 9"^ 1717 A [t] a general meeting It was proposed to the town if it be their mind to grant an Assess- ment of forty pounds for the maintainance of y*^ school voted in the affirmative. 46 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS From this last vote we infer that a migratory school was expected to be more expensive than a permanent one. Who was to lead it forth on its wanderings? Certainly not Sir Bass. What wit he would have expended on the new departure, we can only guess. Let the record tell us who is to initiate the change. William Bullard and Joseph Wight are desired to procure a school master to keep the school. Sir Belcher began to keep the school on the 18 day of Nou 1717 This was Joseph Belcher, Jr., the Dcdham minister's son, who had just graduated from Harvard College. He began his work in the schoolhouse near the meeting-house and his own home, before that stone fire-place " nine foots between gams." But he was not to enjoy such generous moans of warmth all winter. The Select mon held a meeting Jan, 13, 1717-18, and made this record : Whereas the town haue granted to haue the school remoued to several parts of this town, this day seuerall persons come to the select men and desired of them that the school should be removed to the house of James Fisher from the 20 day of this Jan to the general meeting in march next : the selectmen have giuen their consent that it may be so. So the schoolmaster went to Clapboard trees in mid-winter, and was doubtless hos[)itably received, as the })ioneer of his class in a part of the town where good teachers have always been appreciated. Sir Belcher never complained of his fate or fare, and probablj' enjoyed the variety of scene which enlivened his hours of relaxation. It will not be desirable to follow the school in all its removals. Mr. Belcher journeyed with it till the spring of 1721. His last engagement for 1720-1 was at forty pounds a year, to begin the eleventh day of July. In the following record the Avord " dismitssed" probably means released. May the 15 1720-1. This 15 day of May the selectmen have dismised M'' Joseph Belcher schoolmaster from keeping the school in this town. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 47 A few years later he went to reside in Milton, on an ancestral estate, where he died in the year of American Inde- pendence. His successor was John Wight, who was born in Dedham, April 22, 1699, and graduated from Harvard College in 1721. He then began his work of teaching, and probably studied divinity with the Dedham minister. This he continued till 1726, as appears by the records, dividing his time among three portions of the town ; one-half the year at the school near the meeting-house, and the other half in equal parts at "Clapboard- trees," or West Dedham, and East street. He married Mary Pond of Dedham in 1728, and was ordained at New Marble- head (now Windsor), Maine, December 8, 1743. "Much of his pastorate," says a local historian, "was spent with his people, shut up together with their families in the old Block- house, or Province Fort. He lived fiftj^-three 3'ears, and his descendants are numerous." The following curious record testifies that he was not so well content wdth his remuneration as the people were with his services : Dec y® 12*^^ 1726, Assembled y® select men and did desire Jeremiah Fisher to treat with ]VP Wight schoolmaster in order to know whether he will accept of the sum of forty pound p year for his keeping y^ school in the Town for the time past, and also whether he will Still go on to keep y® School for the said sum of forty pound p year. And if He refuses so to do The Select men did Authorize and impower the Said Jeremiah Fisher forthwith to procure another schoolmaster. Under the date of December 12, 1726, we find the follow- ing record : The Select men allso did Agree with Mr. [Djwight that his son should keepe y® schoole in this town after the Rate of fourty pounds per year who began to keep the School december the 19 1726. The person here referred to, Daniel Dwight, son of Michael and Rachael (Avery) Dwight, was born October 28, 1707, and graduated at Harvard College in 1726. He taught the Dedham school occasionally for several years, and did not 48 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS close his labors till 1743. He died July 4, 1747, aged 39. "The Boston Weekly News-Letter" of Thursday, July 16, 1747, says in an obituary notiee, dated at Dedhani, July 5 : — Yesterday died here in the 40th year of his age, after a few days sickness of a very maUgnant Fever, that valuable gentleman, Mr. Daniel Dwight. He had a liberal education, was designed for the ministry, and preached occasionally, tho' never setled in that work, and had for Years past laid aside the tho'ts of following that employ- ment, and had engaged in other Business. He was a gentleman of real merit, . . . of a most benevolent Temper ; charitable, peace- able ; a Lover of good Men of whatever Denomination ; a steady faithful Friend, and always ready to do Acts of Kindness to every one that stood in need. ... As he lived esteemed and desired by those that were most intimately acquainted with him, so his Death is greatly lamented. In 172(5, that })art of Dedhani which is now Dover, began to have a school of its own supported by the town, as appears by the following record of May 11, 172() : it was put to the town wether they will Grant a sum of money for the Support of a School in the we[s]terly part of the town agreable to one parregraft in a petititison \_sic'\ therefor wich was answered in the affirmetive and the money Granted was five pounds. & Lastly it was proposed wether the town would Chose Eleazer Ellis senor & Nathaniell Chickring a Comitte to Recieue y* said money out of the town treasurey & to take Care that it be improued for Said use. Voted in y® affirmitiue. In this vote of the town we see the germ of the school- district and the district committee. That this germ became a vigorous plant, we know from its widespread and abundant fruits. Another donation was received by the school, but no record of the amount has been found. The fact is recorded on March G, 1727, as follows : — It was this day proposed to the Town whether it be there mind that the Money given to the Town by Robart Avery Lately Deceased should be Delivered into the hands of the feffees of the Schoole Money Voted in the affirmitive. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 49 In this connection it may be interesting to have another excerpt from the Town Book. Feb 27, 1732-3 The Feoffees of the schoole Money (viz) Jabez Pond John Gay & John Metcalfe in their capasety Received of Maj"" Jeremiah Fisher & M'' Michel Dwight Trustees for Dedhams part of y* fifty thousand pound loan the sum of sixty one pound seventeen shillings & five pence, being in full what is due from them to the Town on that accoumpt & they and their heirs are hereby fully dis- charged from the same as appears by a voate of the Town May 15, 1732. A teacher, whose term of service was remarkable for its brevity, is introduced by the following record : April the 1 : 1728 M"" Bridgham Schoole master began to Keep the School in the Schoole House near the meeting House by order of the Selectmen. James Bridgham was born in Boston, March 21, 1707; graduated at Harvard in 1726 ; was ordained in 173(5 at Brim- field, Mass., where he was a pastor forty years ; and died Sep- tember 19, 1776. "A man of respectable talents, an evan- gelical preacher, and remembered with affectionate esteem." — [Hyde's History of Brimfield, p. 94.] The shortness of Mr. Bridgham's term is known by the fact that Mr. Dwight resumed his charge of the school on the 13th of the next month. He continued to be the only teacher in the tovvn till the time of the following record : — December y® H'^'* 1730 [the selectmen] gave order to y® Town Treasurer to pay M'' Daniel Dwight, Schoolemaster y*^ sum of sixty- three pounds nineteen Shillings in full for what is due to him for keeping schoole in Dedham & this day Mr Dwight ceased keeping y® School in y® town. [Jan. 21, 1730-1 the Selectmen] agreed with Deacon Metcalf to take care to obtain a Gramer Schoolmaster to keep the school in this town, the selectmen agreed to desier Mr. Jeremiah Fisher to keep the school in this town for y® present who began on february 22 1730-31 to keep y® school in y® east part of y* town. 50 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS The length of Mr. Fisher's school is shown by the follow- ing entry : — 1732 Mch. 20. To Mr. Jeremiah Fisher for keeping school one week 1;^ 3^ He was the son of Jeremiah and Deborah Fisher of Ded- ham, born September 3, 1704; graduated at Harvard 1726: married Elizabeth Cook of Boston ; died in 1752. But a more permanent teacher was soon found. March 5. [1730-1] M"" Thomas Marsh by order of the Select- men began to keepe the schoole in the town att sixty pounds for the yeare. This teacher, according to the custom of his time, did his work in three different places. The following vote, March 7 1725-6, will explain the system of removals which prevailed : — It was put to the town if it be thare mind that the Gramer School shall be kept one-half of the year in the town near the meeting hous half the said time in the winter season and the other half in the summer season & the other half of the year in y^ places where it hath been Last stated Voted in the afBrmatiue & further it was put to the town wetther they would Leave it with y^ select men to set the time when y® school should begin and when it shall End in the same places which allso was Voted in the afifirmitiue. April the 4"' 1726. . The selectmen allso ordered the School to be kept at y'' place where it now is [Jabez Pond's] for six weeks next & then to be kept in the Clabrdtrees near John Richarde's hous six weekes and then in the town near the meeting hous for Half one year. In June, 1733, Mr. Marsh was re-engaged for the second time, and to begin at the school house near Clapboard trees. It seems reasonable to infer that the residents of West Dedham had erected a school house for themselves ; another step towards the development of a district system. East Street also appears to have erected their own school house, as we infer from the fact that on Oct. 21, 1734, Mr. Marsh is engaged to begin at the Clapboardtree school house, if fit ; if not, at the school or DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 51 house near Chamberlain's (East Street). After four years of faithful and acceptable service, Mr. Marsh "lays down the school" March 12, 1734-5. He was born in Hingham, Jan. 20, 1711, and graduated at Harvard College in 1731. He was Librarian of the College from 1737 to 1741 ; a tutor in the same from 1741 to January 9, 1766, when he married Hannah Sprague and retired from his office because a tutor was required by the CoUesre laws to reside in the College buildino^ niffht and day. Removing to Watertown, he died there September 22, 1780. The vacanc}^ in the school was quickly filled. March y® 10*'' assembled y^ Select men & Desired John Metcalfe to Endeavor to Procure A. Schoole Master as soon as may be, M*' Marsh haveing Lately laid down keepeing y" schoole. The prompt action of the agent is thus recorded : — March y® 18"' 1734-5 Perseuent to the above Desire I agreed with M"^ Seath Adams of Milton to keepe y^ schoole in Dedham one year for Sixty Pound he is to begin on Monday y^ 24'*' of this Instant March att y" Schoole House near y^ Meeting House. John Metcalfe. Seth Adams was the son of Edward Adams, graduated at Harvard in 1733, and was a teacher in Dedham about a year. He had a common ancestry with President John Adams and Governor Samuel Adams ; died June 26, 1736. About this time much dissatisfaction was manifested with the action of those who had sold the School Farm. The feel- ing became so prevalent that an attempt to recover the farm was thought advisable, and the town in September, 1735, voted to try to recover it by legal measures, and to expend £30 for that purpose. But it is not certain that any money was ex- pended on the business ; and it is evident that nothing was accomplished. The Dedham Grammar School was not destined to become an endowed institution. Its annual supply of funds was to depend on the interest of the citizens in the subject of free education. 52 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS From the twenty-third day of November, 1736, till October, 1738, the school was in the hands of Solomon Town- send, who divided his time among three parts of the town, as his predecessor had done. A native of Boston, he graduated at Harvard College in 1735, and probably studied theology with the Rev. Samuel Dexter, while in Dedham, so far as his duties to the school permitted. He lived sixty-one years after graduation, and spent fifty-seven years as a pastor in Barring- ton, R. I., wliere he died in 1798, at the age of eighty-two. From the records of the May town meeting of 1768, the following extract relates to our subject : — After a Reading of a petition from some of y® Inhabetence of the Southerly Parish in Dedham and a long debate thereon. Voted that the said Southerly Parish in Dedham & Springfield Precinct, (now Dover) have granted unto them ten pounds each. Part of the before Granted Eighty Pounds, to be improved for y'' schooling of y'' children in those two parts of y® Town. Thus it appears that five localities in the town had school privileges some part of the year — the Town, Clapboard trees, East Street, Springfield and the South Precinct — a district system in the process of rapid development. The next Master we will introduce by the following Town record : October y^ 30**> 1738 M"" Jonathan Winchester by Agreement with the Select men began to keep y® Schoole in y® Town neare y^ meeting house for one quarter after the rate of seventy-five pounds p annum. This teacher, born in Brookline in 1716, had graduated at Harvard College in 1737. He probably remained in charge of the school about two years. Afterwards he became a min- ister of the gospel, and was settled over the First Church in Ashburnham, Mass., in 1760. He died in 1767, fifty-one years old. The following receipt we copy from the Town Book : — March 2 1740-41 Received of M'^ Ephraim Willson Town Treasurer the sume of four pounds & Ten shillings for y® entertain- ment of Mr. John Cams School-master P'' Samuel Dexter. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 53 As Mr. (yarnes did not graduate at Harvard College till 1742, we infer that he taught only as a substitute during some temporary absence of Mr. Winchester. He became a clergy- man, and lived till 1802, sixty years after his graduation. It is pleasant to be able to say where, and in what labors, such a long life was spent. Rev. John Carnes was settled, first at Stoneham, then at Rehoboth. From the latter place he was dismissed, at his own request, in 1764, and removed to Boston, his native town, where he resided till it was evacuated by the British, March, 1776. Then he entered the American army as chaplain, and served during the war. Removing to Lynn, he became a justice of the peace, and served nine years as a mem- ber of the General Court. In 1788 he was chosen to the Convention for ratifying the Constitution of the United States. As " minister, magistrate and politician," he led a useful and honorable life, which closed Oct. 20, 1802, seventy-eight years after his birth. During 1741 Mr. John Wight was again employed ; and in 1742 Mr. Daniel Dwight also again had charge of the gram- mar school ; but no change in the management of the school is recorded. The salary was £80 per annum, evidently in an in- flated currency of paper currency. Mr. Nath^^ Sumner began to keep the School at the Clabbordtrees y® first of Desem. 1742 and concluded thare March y® first following at twenty five pounds a year lawfull money. [This meant silver.] Mr. Sumner's labors probably continued till the following autumn. He was born in Roxbury, April 10, 1720; A. B. at Harvard College 1739 ; married at Dedham, Hannah Bullard of Walpole, September 5, 1743; continued to reside in Ded- ham South Parish ; was Captain, Deacon, Selectman ; and was Representative of Dedham in the General Court for 1757, 1762, 1769, and 1770. He died December 23, 1802, leaving a name highly honored. At a selectmen's meeting held November 15, 1743, Mr. John Metcalf is desired to procure a schoolmaster. 54 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Pursuant to which s*^ John Metcalfe went to Wamouth & ob- tained M'' Josiah Tory to keep the schoole in Dedham for three months at y*^ Rate of Seventy pound p annum & his board he began Desem 21 : 1743 at the school hous neare y® meeting hous, select men procured his being entertained at W" Averies Jun'' for 20* p week. How long the town enjoyed the services of Mr. Torrey we cannot determine. He received thirty-five pounds for a lialf year, June 11, 1744; and, as no other w^as employed, we pre- sume he completed the year. Pie graduated at Harvard College in 1741, but we have not been able to trace his career. The next schoolmaster, William Kneeland, graduated at Harvard in 1744. He was born in Boston, Jan. 1, 1724-5; and it is supposed that he died in office, for the reason that John Motcalf received March 27, 1745-6, sixteen pounds, "in part of what is due to Mr. William Kneeland decasd for keep- ing schoole in y^ Town 1745." Afterwards he received nine- teen pound.-' more du{^ to the same person. The date of Knee- land's death is not given in the Harvard Quinquennial, but he died, either in 1745, or early in 174(3. Mr. Kneeland's successor in the school was his college classmate, Benjamin White, who up to September 5, 1746, had received £40 for teaching. Mr. White received the master's degree ; his death occurred in 1790. On October 10, 1746, Lusher Gay haveing not Procured a Schoole Master the Select men Desired John Metcalfe to Procure one ; Accordingly sd Metcalfe Procured M^' Samuel Huntington of Lebanon & Agreed with him that he should Recive four pounds old Tenor for his & his horses time & expences in Coming down ; and forty Pounds old Tenor & his board for his keeping y^ schoole six months beginning the first of November at the school house by Chamberlins. Old Tenor was the name given to the first issue of paper money which soon greatly depreciated. May 13, 1747, Samuel Huntington received £44 for keeping school ; his last payment was received March 27, 1749. William Avery re- OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 55 ceived for his board (seven months and one week), £46, 10s. From this meagre record we infer that the school was under his care between two and three years. He was the son of Deacon Samuel Huntington of Lebanon, Conn., and was born Oct. 16, 1725. He married Rebecca Fairbanks of Dedham (pub. Apr. 13, 1750), was deacon in Canterbury, Conn., and afterwards in East Haddam. He studied for the ministry after graduating from Yale College in 1746, but finally decided upon a mercantile career, in which he was highly successful. On the first day of January 1744-5, the Trustees of the School Money had in their care the sum of £236, 2s, 8d. This money was loaned on good security to citizens of the town ; and the disposition to increase the fund is shown in the follow- ing, taken from the records of the March meeting, 1749 : — And then Dea : Nathaniel Kingsbery made the following Proposal to the town. — Gentlemen, Being Desirous of the flourishing State of Learning in this place I Purpose a Donation to the Town of One Hundred Pounds old Tenor the yearly interest of which to be appro- priated to y** use of y'' school — If it may be acceptable : Under such Regulation as y'' Town in their wisdom and Prudence shall see meet to order and appoint, — I also propose if it may be agreeable to the Town that a Committe in Trust be choozen to Receive the money and give a Receipt, And that it may be at this meeting — Sincearely wishing that others might be stirred up to Cast in to such a Treasury for the Incourigment & advancment of Learning and good manners, and am an harty Well-wisher to all your Interests. Upon which the Town voted harty thanks to Dea : Kingsbery for his generous gift — And pursuant to the proposal of y*^ Doner The Town chooze Dea : Joseph Ellis, Dea : Ephraim Willson & Eliphalet Pond to be a comittee to receive Dea : Kingsbery's Donation, To give a Receipt for it, and Improve it to the Ends for which it was Given. At a meeting of the Selectmen Feb. 14, 1 749-50, the Ded- ham Stock of School money was reported to be £345, 8s., at that time loaned to twelve citizens of the town in sums varying from five pounds to one hundred, the last amount being secured by the bond of Jos. Chickering, the Trustees being Dea. Joseph. 56 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Ellis, Dea. Ephraim Willson, and Eliphalet Pond. At the March meeting of 1751, the Town voted to raise money by tax for building, or repairing, five school houses ; and that the Granmiar School should be taught in each of the houses some part of the year, unless a parish or society might accept as an equivalent a sum of money which they could use for school purposes at their own discretion. In that case the remaining societies should have the Grammar School in proportion to what they paid. But at the Town meeting held in May follow- ing, all this was reconsidered, and matters were managed as before. May 15, 1750, Timothy Pond was paid for one quarter's service in keeping school in Dedham. Besides other payments in the mean time, he was paid a quarter's salary in Feb. 1752, when he probably closed his labors in the school. He was the son of Baruch and Abigail (Slocum) Pond, born in Wrentham, Sept. 15, 1729 ; graduated at Harvard in 1749, and afterwards received the degree of A.M. He married Elizabeth Bullard of Dedham, June 27, 1755. They had three sons and three daughters. In deeds he was styled " gentleman," but studied no profession ; he resided in Wrentham, where he died " suddenly," Nov. 10, 1804. On the 29th of July 1751, Mr. John Wiswall entered the school as its teacher ; but his term was the shortest thus far on record, as the following will show : August 6th, 1751, Mr. Wiswell Informs y® Select-men that he, having Received greater Incourigment to Keep School elsewhere, Should Dismiss the School here this day. And that He demands nothing for what he has done. William Avery, however, received eight shillings for his board. This schoolmaster was the son of John Wiswall of Boston ; graduated at Harvard College, 1749 ; teacher in Fal- mouth (now Portland) Me., in 1753; ordained as a Congre- gational minister of a society in New Casco, Me., 1762; be- came Episcopal in 1764 and was ordained in England ; returned OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 57 to Falmouth (Portland), in May 1765. Had 70 families in his parish, the ' ' Society for Propagating the Gospel in Foreign Parts" contributing £20 for his support; in 1775 he was im- prisoned for his tory activity, but was soon released, and went to England; was included in the Banishment act of Mass., of 1778; in 1781 was a curate in Oxford, Eng. ; returned to Nova Scotia after the war, and died there in 1812. Elizur Holyoke began to teach in the " Old School House " Sept. 18, 1751, at a salary of £200, old tenoi% the currency being terribly depreciated. He boarded at Isaac Bullard's, and received his last payment Feb. 6, 1753. He was the nephew of Edward Holyoke, President of Harvard College, born May 11, 1731 ; graduated at Harvard in 1750 ; was Librarian in 1757 : was ordained in Boxford, Mass., Jan. 31, 1759; married Hannah, dau. of Rev. Oliver Peabody of Natick, Nov. 13, 1760. " The cords of harmony between him and his people were ever perfect, even to reverence and love." [Hist, of Boxford, p. 273.] He died March 31, 1806, in a house that is still standing and which was built for him by his father, a wealthy merchant of Boston. The paper money issued by the Colony of Massachusetts Bay prior to 1737 was called Old Tenor; that issued in 1737, on better security, was at first called New Tenor. But in 1742 another issue was made and called New Tenor, after Avhich the issue of 1737 was called Middle Tenor. In 1751 Mr. Holyoke's salary of £200 was equal to about £20 of silver. This paper money was finally redeemed, according to an act of the Colonial Legislature, at seven and a lialf olA tenor for one of specie. (See Felt's Massachusetts Currency, page 251.) The following record is a curiosity : — 1752. Agreeable to vote of Town at May Meeting that the School should be kept in proportion to the tax in each precinct. First precinct 166 days The South 79 " Clabbordtrees 67 " (Dover or Springfield) West Precinct 52 " 364 days 58 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Under this arrangement no one would complain of too much vacation : but how about violating the Sabbath ? Joseph Perry had earned a quarter's salary and was paid it, April 18, 1753 :Jand on Nov. 5 of the same year was paid "for his last Quarter Keeping School in Dedham and for paying for one Horse Journey agreed on to Groaton." On Oct. 23,1755, he married Sarah Lawrence, of Groton, so that his " Horse Journey" is easily accounted for. See Groton Historical Series, by Dr. Samuel A. Green, vol. II, pp. 454, 455, for an account of Mr. Perry as well as of his wife, and for the reprint of a broadside containing a tribute to her memory. He was a native of Sherborn, Mass. ; graduated at Harvard College in 1752, and settled in East Windsor, Conn., 1755. He preached the Election Sermon in 1775; and died, 1783, aged 50 years. Of Mr. Perry's ability we are assured by the fact that he was settled as the Colleague of the Rev. Timothy Edwards, the father of Prcs. Jonathan Edwards, to whom the father was not thought inferior as a^preacher. In 1754 three noteworthy men, Jonas Clark, William Symmes, and Nathaniel Sherman became teachers in Dedham. Jonas Clark received £13, 6s, 8d, for six months, Aug. 17, when he was stjded " late schoolmaster." Born in Newton, Dec. 25, 1730, graduating at Harvard in 1752, he was ordained at Lexington, Mass., Nov. 5, 1755. He was an ardent patriot, and the men who "stood for liberty on Lexington Common" were his parishioners. An interesting sketch of his life and character by Rov. William Ware may be found in Volume I. of Sprague's Annals. The pupils of such a teacher may be deemed fortunate. He died in 1805 ; but the influence of his life and work survives. The second of these men, William Symmes, H. C. 1750, taught in the Springfield Precinct, for which he was paid May 19, 1755. He was a Tutor at Harvard College from 1755 to 1758, and on Nov. 1, 1758, he was ordained as a pastor at Andover, Mass. He preached the Election Sermon in 1785, OF DEDHAM. MASSACHUSETTS 59 and received the degree of D. D. from his alma mater in 1803, fifty-three years after his graduation. He died four years later, aged 77 years: Nathaniel Sherman taught in the <' second parish" in 1754-5, and in 1755-(). Born in Newton, Mass., March 5, 1724, he graduated at Princeton College in 1753 ; was ordained at Bedford, Mass., 175(5, dismissed in 1767, and installed at Mt. Carmel, Conn., May 18, 1768. He died at the close of a successful ministry, July 18, 1797, in his seventy-fourth year. These three teachers nmst have exerted an excellent in- fluence upon the youth of the town. We may reasonably pre- sume that the effects of their silent tuition were good and permanent in many minds. A new policy from this time onward appears to have been adopted. Instead of one master, continuing through the year, but teaching in different parts of the town, competent men were employed to teach short-term schools in the several dis- tricts. This was essentially the district sj^stem. Nathan Webb taught the school in the new school house of the First Parish twenty-two weeks, for which he was paid Sept. 19, 1755. He was the son of Rev. Nathan Webb of Uxbridge and a cousin of President John Adams. See Adams Diary, Vol. II, p. 11. He graduated at Harvard in 1754, and died in 1760. James Dana, son of Caleb and Phoebe (Chandler) Dana, was born in Cambridge in 1735, graduated at Harvard in 1753 ; but remained several years at Cambridge pursuing his theo- logical studies. In the winter of 1755-6 he was the school- er master in Clapboardtrees three months, or perhaps longer. His abilities, as shown in his subsequent life, were such that in 1768 he was honored by the University of Edinburgh with the Doctorate. He was ordained at Wallingford, Conn., in 1758 ; and in 1789 was called to the pastoral charge of the First Church in New Haven. His publications were numerous. He 60 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS died Aug. 18, 1812, and President Dwight preached his funeral sermon. October 24th 1755 M"" William Patten began to Keep Schoole in the First Parrish in the New Schoolhouse, he has engaged to Serve at the Rate of ;^25. *6. '^8. a year & to have his board. This was the son of Rev. William Patten of Hartford, Conn. ; he was born in Billerica, Mass., in 1738, and graduated at Harvard in 1754. He was pastor, first at Halifax, Mass. ; afterwards of the South Church in Hartford, Conn. He married Ruth, the daughter of President Eleazer Wheelock of Dart- mouth College ; and his son Dr. William Patten, was the pas- tor of the Second Church in Newport, R. I., a little short of 47 years. Mr. Patten lost his voice, and soon after his health, and died in Roxbur}^ Mass., Jan. 16, 1775. Nathan Kidder, a classmate of the first President Adams, 1755, taught in the South Parish during the winters of 1755-6, 1756-7 and 1760-1. According to the Harvard Quinquennial he died in 1761. Jonathan Bo^anan, a classmate of Mr. Kidder, taught in the Springfield precinct about the same time. He lived till 1804. In the winter of 1755-6 the East Street School was taught by Joseph Metcalf for three months. He was a descendant of Michael, of the fourth generation, born May 11, 1710 ; married Ruth Aldus of Roxburj', and died Feb. 25, 1785, leaving four sons. The same winter Benjamin Bacon was teaching in the South Parish. He was the son of John and Hannah, born after his father's death, in Salem, Aug. 26, 1716; a descendant of Michael of Dedham in the fifth generation. George Damon, the son of John and Elizabeth, having graduated at Harvard in 1756, taught in the First Precinct be- ginning Nov. 22, 1757, continuing for a year, or 44 weeks. He joined the church in Dedham, Aug. 4, 1757, and was dis- missed Sept. 14, 1760, to take pastoral charge in the town of Tisbury. He died in Woodstock, Vt., in December, 1796. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 61 Mr. Damon's college classmate, Eleazer Weld, tausrht the Clapboard trees School during the winter of 1756-7. He re- ceived the degree of A.M. in 1761 and died in 1800. The school money for 1756 was proportioned to each pre- cinct as follows: to the first, £24, 12s, 6d ; to the second, £11, 3s, 7d ; to the third, £10, 16s, 9d ; to the fourth, £9, 7s, 6d. From this time onward the moving of the Grammar school to different precincts appears to have been discontinued ; but a master qualified to teach the classics was employed in one precinct at least, and sometimes in two or three. The district system had become an established fact, sanctioned by satisfac- tory usage in the entire absence of any law permitting or requiring it. It was, indeed, the only practicable method of conducting schools under the conditions then existing, and grew out of the exersise of good sense, shaping plans to circumstances. In the winter of 1756-7 Ebenezer Bacon taught in the South Precinct, and again in 1759-60, and probably the two intervening winters. The son of William and Expedience, he was born Oct. 6, 1721 ; and on Feb. 6, 1745-6 he and his wife, Rebecca, were received into full communion with the South Church. James Draper managed the education of East Street in 1756-7. This was Capt. Draper, the father of Maj. Abijah whose name appears on the Pitt Monument in Ded ham Village. In the winter of 1756-7, and also of 1759-60, John Jones was the teachcir in the Fourth Precinct, now Dover. Born in Weston, Mass., Oct. 30, 1716, as teacher, land surveyor, deacon, and magistrate, he was a consjoicuous character in the town of Dedham for many 3''ears. He surveyed Mt. Desert Island, Maine, for the Province of Massachusetts Bay in 1762-3. He was a firm Loyalist ; and in 1774 was visited by a body of citizens and required to vacate his ofiioe, held under King George, which he is said to have done without any sacrifice of his dignity. After this he was not molested for his fidelity to his 62 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS sovereign. Some years after the close of the revolution, he was appointed a justice of Suffolk County by the Governor, and was as faithful to the new government as he had been to the old. His first wife was Hannah Morse, and his second Tabitha Battelle : he had six daughters and four sons. He died in 1801 in the eighty-fifth year of his age. The summer of 1757 is to be remembered as the time when the records show that the Town began to employ women as teachers. Mary Green is the name first recorded ; and she in~ structed the children of the fourth precinct. It would be pleasant to speak more full}' of this pioneer school-mistress ; but we can only say that her success was such as to warrant the policy of giving women a large share in the work of school instruction. But Miss Green was not entirely alone in this new field of labor. Bethiah Colburn, " Nathaniel Colburn's daughter," had charge of the Clapboard trees School the same summer of 1757. Of her we can only sa,y with certainty that, born Jan. 13, 1734-5, she died July 15, 1762. She, doubtless, as well as Miss Green, was educated in the Dedham Grammar School, where girls had probably for many years enjoyed equal privi- leges with boys ; although we have not been able to find any- thing in the records to show how early the schools were open to both sexes alike. It is believed that, for many years after girls began to attend the town school, they were not expected to study arithmetic, that being considered an almost useless subject for women to understand. " The Ladies' Accidence," a kind of English grammar, was thought a more appropriate study for the feminine intellect. In 1757 the Grammar School came under the instruction of Edward Brooks, who had just graduated from Harvard Col- lege. He was born in Medford, Mass., became a member of the Church in Dedham, Feb. 5, 1758, and was dismissed from it June 10, 1764, to settle in the ministry at North Yarmouth, Me., where he was ordained July 4, of the same year. He Avas OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 63 dismissed in 1769, and died in Medford in 1781. Peter C. Brooks, the eminent merchant, was his son ; and among his great-grandchildren are Bishop Phillips Brooks and the sons of Charles Francis Adams and Edward Everett. We find Abner Ellis as teacher in the (Clapboard trees School in 1757-8. This record may be his : " Marrjed by y« Rev'd Mr. Andrew Tyler. Abner Ellis & Meletiah Ellis, both of Dedham, March 3, 1756." Deacon Joshua Ellis taught in the Springfield Precinct in 1757-8, also in 1764-5. In 1758 Susannah Bridenno was teaching in the First Parish. She also taught in the Third Precinct three summers, 1761, 2 and 3. Miss Bridenno died in 1764, and by her will left a sum of money, and all her personal estate, about one hundred dollars, to establish a school, to be taught by a woman, in the Third Parish. Rev. George W. Cooke in his History of the Third Parish o-lves the names of the followino' fifteen persons who were paid for teaching by the income of the Bridenno Fund: 1800 to 1810— Rebecca Ellis, Mary Fair- banks, Celia Baker,Fanny Ellis, Betsy Shepherd. 1811 to 1817 — Lydia Newell, Mrs. Mary Colburn, Polly Baker, Mrs. Hannah Richards. 1821 to 1828— Mrs. Delia White, Cornelia S. Dwight, Deborah Baker. 1831 to 1841— Rebecca Ellis, Eliza- beth White, Mrs. Lydia D. White. They taught in all about forty terms, of four weeks each, and were probably all resi- dents of the neighborhood ; but it has not been convenient or even possible to obtain further particulars of their personal history. One of these teachers, Mrs. C. H. Silsbee, then Miss Elizabeth White, says : "Being in the days of six per cent, and of loiv salaries, the $6 per year gave the tliree weeks* schooling. Accordingly such a school was kept, sometimes in a neighbor's house, sometimes in the porch or vestibule of the Church, and even one or two years in the horse sheds. It chanced to be omitted one year ; therefore the larr/e sum of $12 was accumulated, and I was asked by one of our old deacons 64 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS if I should be too proud to keep the school for six weeks. He added, you must remember that " Honor and Shame from no condition rise, Act well your part, there all the virtoo lies." I was not too proud, and accepted the situation, enjoying 25 little pupils in a room in my father's house. After a while it was so diiEcult to find any one willing to teach in this way, it was resolved to divide the money between the Sunday-schools of the Unitarian and Baptist Churches, as carrying out the spirit of the will as nearly as possible." So we mav truly say that MissBridenno, though dead, yet teacheth. Sarah Easty had charge of the Clapboardtrees School in the summer of 1758: also 1760. She is supposed to have come from Stoughton. Persilla Ellis taught ten weeks in the Springfield Parish in 1758. She seems to be referred to in the following record : " Periscilla, y® daughter of Josiah & Dorcas Ellis, was born May 25, 1729." The summer school, taught by a woman, for the benefit of those scholars who could not conveniently attend in the winter, and of those whose help was not needed on the farm, became now a permanent institution. Up to this time, 1758, fuel for the schools was not generally paid for by the town, but appears to have been furnished by the parents in proportion to the number of children they sent to the school. In 1758 three men graduated at Harvard and came to teach in theDedham schools. Simeon Howard took the school in the First Parish. He was born in Bridge water, Mass., April 29, 1733 ; held the office of Tutor in Harvard College, 17(36-7, and was a Fellow from 1780 to 1805. As pastor of the West Church in Boston, and Jonathan Mayhew's successor, he was ordained, May 6, 1767; received the degree of S. T. D. from the University of Edinburgh in 1785. During the Revolution his Church was used as a barrack by the British, which only exasperated his patriotic zeal. He married twice : OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 65 first, the widow of Dr. Maybe w ; secondly, the daughter of the Rev. Dr. Ebenezer Gay of Hingham. " His parishioners loved him as a brother and honored him as a father." His classical knowledge was full and accurate, and it is said that he cultivated it to the end of his days. Roland Green of Maiden was employed in the Clapboard- trees School several months, and one of the results is thus put on record : " Marryed by the Rev. Mr. Andrew Tyler. The Rev. Mr. Roland Green of Norton and Mrs. Hannah Fairbanks of Dedham." Mr. Green was ordained in Norton as the suc- cessor of Rev. Ebenezer White in 1761. Afterwards he was the minister of Marshfield, and lived till 1808, when he died suddenly of apoplexy on July 4, at Norton, having come thither to celebrate the day. Oakes Shaw, the third of these graduates of 1758, found employment in the school of the South Parish. In the Church Records of that parish we read : " July 1, 1759. Mr. Oakes Shaw was received into full communion." He was born in Bridge water, Mass., in 1736 ; was the minister of Barnstable, Mass., 1769-1807; married Susanna Hayward of Braintree, whose son, Lemuel Shaw, was a distinguished Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts thirty years ; his life ended with his ministry in 1807. Contemporary with the last three. Dr. Josiah Dean taught in the Fourth Precinct. We venture to think that the follow- ing record is appropriate here: "Marryed by ye Rev. Mr. Andrew Tyler, Josiah Dean of Upton & Abigail Richards of Dedham, Decem' 2, 1762." If Dr. Dean was not thus " marryed," we have rejoiced in vain over his supposed good fortune, as the reward of his patience-trying labors in primi- tive Dover. In the summer of 1759 the Centre School had for its teacher the Widow Ruth Thorpe, the " relict" of Samuel Thorpe, Jr., who died at Cape Breton, Oct. 20, 1745, aged 33 years. Her maiden name has not been ascertained ; as no 66 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS record is found of her marriage, we may reasonably infer that she was not a native of Dedham. She probably taught also in 1760. In the Second or South Parish, Zeruiah Crane and Eliza- beth Holmes were teachers in 1759. Of the former I find no account : of the latter some information is contained in the South Parish Church Records. " May 14, 1738. Rev. Mr. Dexter baptized a child of Ebenezer Holmes named Elizabeth." In the Town Record of persons married by Rev. Thomas Balch, we read : "Mr. Jacob Fisher and Mrs. Elizabeth Holmes of Dedham, Sept. 9, 1762." That the maiden is styled IVIrs., accords with the fashion of that day. In 1759 the school in the First Parish came under the care of William Whitwell, who graduated at Princeton in 1758. In 1762 he became the colleague, at Marblehead, of the Rev. John Barnard, whose character he ably portrayed in a funeral ser- mon. [See Sprague's Annals, Vol. 1., p. 254.] Mr. Whit- well died Nov. 8, 1781, in the twentieth year of his ministry and the forty-fifth of his life. A contemporary says of him ; " He was the gentleman and the Christian happily united. He was a well instructed scribe, concise, pertinent, enlightening and moving in all his addresses on all occasions." Money was paid to Mr. Jonathan Fisher for a Mr. Brick [or Breck] , the teacher of the Clapboardtrees School, 1759. Nothing further has been ascertained concerning him. But Jonathan Moore, a senior in Harvard College, and a native of Oxford, Mass., taught the usual winter term there, 1759-60. Mr. Moore was librarian of the College in 1767, but in 1768, settled in the ministry at Rochester, Mass. He was dismissed in 1791, and died, aged 75, in 1814. Jonathan Craft taught the South Parish School in the winter of 1759-60. All we have been able to learn of him is, that he graduated at Harvard in 1761, and died in 1786. Lydia Cheney had charge of the Fourth Precinct school in the summer of 1760. Two records contain her name. " Mar- OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 67 ried by Rev'd Benjamin Caryl, Mr. Thomas Draper & Miss Lydia Cheney, both of Dedham, May 14, 176(3." " Mr. Tim- othy Merrifield & Miss Lydia Cheney, both of Dedham, May 22, 1766." So it is ahnost certain tliat this good teacher was married ; but Avhether she became Mrs. Draper, or Mrs. Mer- rifield, it is now, perhaps, too late to determine. Her successor was Mehetabel Ellis, 1760-1, who appears to have been the first woman to teach a winter school in Ded- ham. She still retained her name after marriage, as the record shows : "Married by the Rev. Benjamin Caryl, Mr. William Ellis and Miss Mehetabel Ellis, both of Dedham, February 18th, 1763." David Fales, sometimes styled Dr., was schoolmaster in East Street and South Parish four winters, from 1760 to 1765. There is some uncertainty as to how his time was divided. We think the following record relates fto him : — " Marry ed by the Rev. Mr. Thomas Balch. Mr. David Tales & M.'[^] Hannah Thorp, both of Dedham, March 9, 1762." Jabez Porter had charge of the Grammar School in the First Parish for 1760-1. He was the son of Deacon AVilliam and jPhebe (Dorman) Porter; born in Topsfield, Mass., Feb. 1, 1723; graduated from Harvard, 1743. After teaching a year in Dedham he taught in other places, and in 1767 began to teach in Braintree, Mass., and continued many years fitting young men for college, among whom may be mentioned Rev. Dr. Eliphalet Porter of Roxbury, and President John Adams. He married Ruth Wads worth, and lived in the South Parish of Braintree (now Randolph), Mass., where he died Jan. 28, 1792. Hannah Willard taught the summer school of the First Parish for 1761; but of her previous, or of her subsequent life, no record is found. Phebe AVillett, beginning in 1761, was three summers in the teacher's desk at the South Precinct. Her subsequent life is learned from the Rev. Jason Haven's record. "Married Mr. Joseph Kingsbury & Miss Phebe Willett, both of Dedham, 68 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Jany 3*^ 1765." As IVIrs. Kingsbury she taught in the third parish in 1766. The duty of instructing the East Street School in the winter of 1761-2, was entrusted to Jonas Humphrey. Our knowledge of hini is limited to the following record : " Marryed by, the Revi Mr. Sam" Dexter. Jonas Humphrey of Dorches- ter and Sarah Fales of Dedham, Aug. 11, 1748." Dr. Nathaniel Ames, the second " Almanac Maker," born Oct. 9, 1741, taught the " Town School," as he calls it, from Nov. 23, 1761 to May 4, 1762, and again from Dec. 13, 1762 to April 16, 1763. He graduated at Harvard in 1761. From his diary we learn that Fisher Ames "kept school " as his substitute one day at least, Jan. 20, 1762. We cannot imagine that Dr. Ames ever had a sleepy school. If he was as earnest and aggressive in school as elsewhere, the idle ones found little comfort or sympathy. Under the date of 1790 in the Town Records is this statement: "This day the Select Men agreed with Doct. Nath Ames to keep School nine months to teach Latin and Greek." We think, however, that this contract was never fulfilled. There is no record of money paid for his ser- vices. His extremely active and laborious life came to an end in 1822. Jonathan Crane taught in the Third Precinct in 1761-2. He Avas born in Berkley in 1738 ; graduated^at Harvard in 1762 ; received A.M. in 1766 ; became a physician, settled in Bridge- water ; married 1st, jVIary, daughter of Col. Josiah Edson, 1770 ; 2d, Lydia Adams of Kingston, 1783, and died Dec. 31, 1813. In the winter of 1762-3 the South Precinct employed as its teacher Benjamin Balch, the son of Rev. Thomas Balch. He graduated at Harvard College in 1763 and settled in the minis- try in the town of Mendon. In the summer of 1763 Elizabeth Balch, sister of the above, succeeded him in the school. The great event of her life is thus recorded : "May 8, 1766, Mr. Jonathan Dean & Miss Eliza. Balch, both of Dedham, were married." OF DEDHAM. MASSACHUSETTS 69 In 17-52 a school house in the First Parish near the meet- ting house was built with money raised by a subscription amounting to 134 1 13 » 3 ^ old tenor. It was 26 by 18 feet; Dea. Badlam built the Chimney for 6 i ; the lock cost 2^5*; a thousand shingle nails cost 1^4*; and according to the fashion of the time raising the frame of this immense structure was made pleasant by the consumption of " six quarts of rum and one pound of sugar," which cost 1 ^ 14 * 6 **. Rev. Ephraim Ward graduated at Harvard College in 1763, and taught the Centre School the two subsequent winters. He was born in Newton and was ordained in West Brookfield, Oct. 23, 1771, Mr. Haven of Dedham preaching the sermon. The same minister did him another favor. " Married by Rev. Jason Haven The Rev** Mr. Ephraim Ward of Brookfield and Miss Mary Dexter of Dedham, Nov^ 28th 1771." Mr. Ward died March 19, 1818, at the age of 77. The South Precinct, 1763-4, employed in its school Seth Bullard of Walpole. On Nov. 3, 1761, he had married Joanna Lewis of Dedham, and he was again in charge of the school in 1769-70. He was active in the town affairs of Walpole; a member of a committee to prepare resolutions on public affairs in 1773 ; Captain of a militia companj' in 1775, and Represen- tative of the town in the General Court eleven years, the last time in 1800. The same winter, 1763-4, another Walpole man, Enoch Ellis, taught the school in the Third Precinct. We suppose he also found a wife in Dedham. This is the record : " Mar- riages — Mr. Enoch Ellis of Walpole & Miss Juletta Ellis of Dedham May 21, 1766." His prominence in town affairs is shown by the fact that he was chosen as delegate to represent the town in the Provincial Congress of 1774. He was also chosen a delegate for six months to the Congress to be held at Watertown in 1775. IVIary Balch taught the summer school of the South Parish in 1764. There are two records made by her father, Rev. 70 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Thomas Balch, which are of interest here : — " Nov. 16, 1740. Baptized my dear daughter named Mary the same day she was born." " Oct. 8, 1766. Mr. Manassah Cutler and Miss Mary Baic'Ii of Dedliam were married." Sarah Draper taught in Clapboardtrees two summers, 1764 and 1765. The following record may relate to her : — " Sarah y^ daughter of Joseph and Deborah Draper, born Nov. 29, 1735." Mary ^Slorse was the teacher of the summer school. Third Precinct, in 1764. The following record may relate to her : — "" May 4, 176L) John Dean jr. lV: Mary Morse, both of Dedliam, were married." Jesse Ellis, beginning in 1764, taught two winters in the Third Parish, and probably taught two fall or spring terms in the Fourth pr Springfield Parish. In the Dedham Ilecord of Births we find this : — " Jesse y^ son of Aaron Ellis & Ziporah Ellis born 25, 1740." No earlier Jesse Ellis is found in the Dedham Records. Benjamin Chapin taught in the Fourth or Springfield Precinct, two winters, 1764-5 and 1765-6. He was born May 24, 1736, and married Margaret Colton, March 4, 1760. He is the onl}^ Benjamin Chapin of that time who could have been the teacher. Jeremiah Whitney was paid for teaching in Dedham 1764-5. In what precinct is unknown. A Jere Whitney, son of Nathan and Mary (Holman) born April 1, 1727, is the only one of that name in the Whitney genealogy Avho could have been the teacher. Abigail Fisher taught in Clapboardtrees, 1765. In the Dedham Record of Marriages for 1767, there are three Abigail Fishers. We trust our schoolmistress was one of them, and that she became either Mrs. Burridge, or Mrs. Kingsbury, or Mrs. Starrett. Seth Ames, Harvard College, 1764, was in charge of the town school three successive winters, 1765, 1766 and 1767-8. He was the son of Dr. Nathaniel and Deborah Ames, born Feb. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 71 14, 1743 and died in 1778. Dr. Ames often mentions this brother in his diary. It is said that he served as a surgeon in the American Army of the Revolution. Manasseh Cutler, Yale College 1765, taught in the South Precinct from December, 1765 till April 1, 1766. He was a native of Killingly, Conn., the son of Hezekiah and Susannah (Clark) Cutler, born May 13, 1742 ; married Mary Balch, daughter of Rev. Thomas Balch of Dedham, Oct. 8, 1766. From his journal we learn that his school numbered over ninety pupils. He studied law and began the practice of it in Edgar- town, Mass. ; then studied theology and settled in the ministry at Hamilton, Mass. ; was chaplain in the Continental Anny two campaigns; as chief agent of the Ohio Co., he purchased 1,500,000 acres of land ; was a member of Congress two terms ; studied medicine and practised successfully ; opened a board- ing school and fitted young men for College, and taught navi- gation. He received L. L. D. from Yale in 1789, and was a member of many learned societies. He continued his ministry till near the end of his life — about fifty-two years — and near its close he had to be carried into his pulpit, and sat during the delivery of his sermons. He died July 28, 1823. His Biog- raphy may be found in Sprague's Annals, Vol. H ; and his Life, Journals and Correspondence in two volumes may be con- sulted at the rooms of the Dedham Historical Society. Rebecca Newell was the teacher of the Third Parish in 1765 and again in 1768. She soon changed her name. " Mar- ried, Ichabod Ellis of Dedham and Rebecca Newell of Need- ham, Mar. 23, 1769." She died July 3, 1831, aged 86. Mrs. Job Richards taught in the Third Parish 1765, 'QQ and '68. "Married by the Rev. Jason Haven, Job Richards & Mary Gay, both of Dedham, May 10, 1757." Job's Island took its name from her husband. Rev. Nathaniel Fisher was the teacher of a school in some part of Dedham in 1766-7. In Dr. Ames' Diary we find this characteristic entry : ' ' Nat Fisher live at Mr. Battles in qual- 72 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS ity of Pedagogue." He graduated from Harvard College in 1763. He was the son of Capt. Jeremiah (H. C. 1726) and Elizabeth (Cook) Fisher of Dedham, and was born July 8,1742. He was the uncle of Fisher Ames ; married Silence, daughter of Jeremiah and Elizabeth Baker. He was missionary teacher in Nova Scotia at the beginning of the Revolution ; ordained in 1777 by Dr. Lowth ; was Rector of Annapolis and Granville, 1778-1782, when he returned to Massachusetts; was Rector of St. Peter's, Salem, from Feb. 25, 1782, till his death, Dec. 20, 1812, on Sunday after preaching from this text : "How long have I to live ? " A volume of his sermons was printed in 1818. Mary Newell, teacher in the Clapbordtree District in 1766, probably became Mrs. Whiting. So runs the record : " Nathan Whiting of Dedham and Mary Newell of Need ham, Nov. 25." [Pub. 1775.] Jonathan Felt taught in the South Parish 1766-7. The following record of the South Parish is supposed to refer to him. " Jonathan Felt and Lovewell his wife Having been dis- missed from the Church of X in Lynn to which they belonged and Recommended to us were this day June 18th, 1758, Re- ceived by the Church." He had a son Jonathan, born in 1747, who was probably too young to be the schoolmaster. In 1767-8 William Keous taught in the South Parish. In the South Parish Records we find this : " Dec. 3, 1758. Wil- liam Keous, Born in Kirkolm Parish in the County of Galloway in Scotland belong-ino; to the Church in sd Kirkolm of which Mr. James McCuUoch is Pastor, was by vote of the Ch'h re- ceived to occasional communion wth ye Chh. (N. B. Kirkcum McCullogh)" Mr. Keous graduated at Harvard 1768 : A. M. 1775. Mr. Andrew Peters was schoolmaster in the Fourth Parish 1756-7. He was the son of William and Hannah (Chenery) Peters of Medfield, and was born in 1742. Resided in Mendon, Mass. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 73 Eliphalet Pond, Jr., was the teacher in East St., 1766-7. He was born April 11, 1745. Married Sally Richards May 29, 1769. Capt. Pond, as he was commonly styled, resumed teach- ing in 1784, and the First Middle School was under his care every winter until 1793. He was Town Clerk for twenty-five years. Selectman sixteen years. Register of Deeds from 1793 till his death, or about twenty years. No one can examine his Records without being reminded that he was an accurate scholar as well as an expert penman. The School, the Town, and the County were all fortunate in enjoying so long his valuable ser- vices. He died July 13, 1813. The South Parish for two winters, 1768-9 and 1769-70, had for a teacher Jeremiah Kingsbury, who is supposed to be the subject of this Record of the South Church: "Oct. 28, 1759. Jeremiah Kingsbury Junr. & Abigail his wife were rec'd into full Communion." He died June 3, 1788, aged 57. Ebenezer Battelle, Jr., teacher in the Fourth Precinct 1768-9, was in the Third Precinct in the same capacity in 1770-71. Was this Col. Ebenezer Battelle, Jr., or Ebenezer Battelle, Jr., who entered college in 1771? We incline to be- lieve it was the Colonel, and that he had a well-disciplined school. Jonathan Metcalf, Esq., taught the East Street School in 1768-9. It was not unusual for the prominent citizens of that day to take charge of the winter schools. Apparently they took the duty as one they owed to the community. Esquire Metcalf was often emploj^ed in town affairs, and in 1776, 1778, and 1779 was a representative of Dedham in the General Court. Samuel Shuttleworth, son of Samuel and Abigail (Whiting) Shuttleworth, began to teach in the Third Precinct of Dedham in 1768-9 ; afterwards taught in East Street several winters, making in all not less than twelve winters of teaching in Ded- ham. Born in 1751, graduating at Harvard in 1777, he settled in the ministry at Windsor, Vt., in 1790. This is his record : " B}^ Rev. Mr. Jason Haven, Rev. Samuel Shuttleworth of 74 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Windsor (Vt.) & Miss Deborali Ames of Dcdliam, Jiin. 1, 1792." A portrait of Deborah Ames supposed to be a Copley, may be seen in the Library of the Dedham Historical Society. It seems that ho began to teach when 17 ; graduated at 26, set- tled in the ministry at 39, and died in 1834 at the age of 83. Ebenezer Starr, son of Jonathan and Sarah, was born May 1, 1744, graduated H. C. 1768, and was in charge of the Centre School 1769-70. He settled in Dunstable, Mass., and was a practising physician there till he died, Sept. 7, 1798. "Enoch, ye son of Ebenezer & Abigail Kingsbury, born Desemr 7th, 1738." This record introduces us to the man who taught in the First Parish in 1770-71, also in the west part of the Third Parish in 1774-5-6 & 7, and in the north part of the Third Parish in 1778. Other facts of his life are wanting. liev. Wm. Gay Ballantine, H. C. 1771, taught the Gram- mar School 31 weeks in 1771-2, also in 1772-3. This record will be pertinent: " Marryed by the Revend. Mr. Samuel Dexter. The Revd. Mr. John Ballcntine of Westtield & Mrs. Mary Gay of Dcdliam Septemr 20, 1743." This man was the minister of Westfield, Mass., about 40 years, where his son William Gay was born in 1751 ; graduated at Harvard in 1771, and lived till 1820. Dea. Ichabod Ellis taught in the Third Parish the winter of 1771-2. He married Rebecca Newell of Needham as pre- viously stated. His epitaph shows that he died Jan. 14,1811, aged GS. In the summer of 1772 the Fourth Precinct had for its teacher Mrs. John Chickering, whose maiden name Avas Eliza- beth Gay. She became Mrs. Chickering Jan 9, 1766. Capt. Hczekiah Allen was her successor, 1772-3. As he was in his fiftieth ycav and accustomed to command men, he doubtless was master of his school. Born in 1724, he married Mary Peters of Medfield in 1757, and died Aug. 16, 1775. In 1773-4 we find Jabez Chickering, then twenty years old, teaching in the Third Parish. He was the son of Joseph Chick- OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 75 ering; born in 1753; graduated at Harvard in 1774; married Hannah, the daughter of Kev, Thomas Balch, 1777 ; and about the first of July, 1776, settled in the ministry of the Second Parish of Dedham as Mr. Balch's successor. After a prosperous ministry of nearly thirty-six years, he died, March 12, 1812, in the 59th year of his age. The same winter John Eliot had charge of the Grammar School in the First Parish. He was the son of Dr. Andrew Eliot, pastor of the New North Church of Boston, and was born May 31, 1754. He became a member of the Dedham Church Jan. 4, 1774, and in the church record of dismissions from the First Parish (p. 91) we read: "Oct. 24, 1779. Mr. John Eliot to ye new North Church, Boston over which he is to be ordained." He was ordained Nov. 3, 1779, and received the degree of S. T. D. from Edinboro' University in 1798. He co-operated with Dr. Belknap in establishing the Massachusetts Historical Society, and was the author of the New England Biographical Dictionary. He died Feb. 14, 1813. Mrs. Samuel Richards, or Hannah Richards, was the teacher of the summer school of the First Parish in 1774, and again she was in the same position in 1777. The following record evidently refers to her: " Marryed by ye Revnd Mr, Samll. Dexter, Samll. Richards, & Hannah Metcalf, Dedham, Sept. 28, 1737." She was the grandmother of the late Edward Metcalf Richards, and consequent!}^ the ancestor of some of the most active members of the Dedham Historical Society. Jose})h Haven, Jr., H. C, 1774, taught in the First Parish 1774-5. Rev. Mr. Haven was paid for boarding him thirtyfive weeks. He married the daughter of Nathaniel Fish of Needham, Mass., and was settled as a minister in Rochester, N. H., where he died in 1825. Philip Draper began to teach in the Third Precinct in 1774, and taught there each year till 1777. He graduated at Harvard in 1780 ; was a physician, and died in South Dedham (now 76 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHEKS Norwood), March 21, 1817, aged 60. His two sons, Jeremiah and Moses, graduated from Harvard College in 1808. Joseph Crosby, H. C. 1772, was teaching in Dedham from 1774 till 1778. On July 1, 1776, he was paid £10 for teaching four months and two weeks " last winter." In 1775 Sarah Onion taught in Clapboardtrees precinct, and again in 1783. She was born, Oct. 2, 1749, and married Stephen Whiting in 1791. It is not unlikely that she taught in several other years, as sometimes the money to pay the teachers of the summer school was given to the precinct agent, and the names of the teachers do not appear in the town record. Daniel Chickering, Jr., taught in the Fourth Precinct two winters 1775-6 and 1776-7. The following is supposed to be his record : " Daniel, son of Danll & Keziah Chickring, born Augst 20, 1758." Consequently we infer that he became a teacher in his eighteenth year. Ebenezer Newell, Jr., was paid for teaching school in Dedham in 1776. In what precinct he did his work is not known. The following are probably his records : " Ebenezer, ye son of Ebenezer & Elizabeth Newell, born Oct. ye 18,1736." "Ebenezer Newell, Jr., of Dedham to Elizabeth Wheaton of Needham, April 24, 1760, by Rev. Mr. Jonathan Townsend." Rev. Ebenezer Wight began to teach in the First Parish in 1775, and continued for two winters. His admission to the Dedham Church is thus recorded : " Oct. 15, 1775. Ebenezer Wight Junr, Student, at ye College at Providence." His dis- mission thus : " Feb. 15, 1778. Mr. Ebenr. Wight to South Church, Boston, over which he is to be ordained as pastor." Mr. Wiffht received a unanimous call to the Hollis Street Church, and was ordained, Feb. 25, 1778, as the successor of the facetious Dr. Mather Byles. He was a popular preacher, but resigned his pastorate in 1788, and afterward taught a private school twelve years in Dedham, where he died Sept. 25, 1821. Though he studied for awhile at BroAvn University, he graduated at Harvard in 1776. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 77 The Third Precinct employed Anna Baker in its school during two summers, 1776 and 1777. On June 4, 1778, she married Nathan Newell of Needham. John Haven appears as a teacher in Dedham, 1775 and 1777. It is not quite certain in what school we ought to place him. He graduated at Harvard in 1757 ; was the son of Joseph and Mehetabel, born in Framingham, June 2, 1735 ; was a schoolmaster many years ; removed to Greenland, Exeter, and finally to Lancaster, N. H., where in 1837 he was living with his wife, formerly Anna Stone of Framingham. The East Street School during three winters, 1775-6, '6-7, and '7-8, was in the care of Richard Woodward, Jr., the son of Richard and Susannah (Luce) Wood ward, who married Deb- orah Ames of Dedham, Aug. 31, 1771. The winter school of 1777-8 in the Fourth Precinct was taught by Nathaniel Battelle. This record may be his : " Nov. 29, 1764, Nathaniel Battle of Dedham, Silence Kingsbury of Wrentham." In 1780 the school money was appropriated as follows : — Fu-st Precinct, £2308 6 Second " 1146 4 5 Third " 1126 6 2 Fourth " 1418 13 3 This represents the extreme inflation of the Continental currency. The penmanship of a hundred years ago was all executed with the quill pen ; and yet it was remarkably good. It is rare to find any writing of the present day to compare with it. The method of teaching it was exact and laborious. For sev- eral years the beginners wrote only coarse hands, the short letters extending from line to line of paper coarsely ruled, say a half an inch apart. These letters were practised on till they were correct in shadins: and in the delicate hair lines. Es- pecially was the pupil trained to hold the pen correctly, and rest the nibs equally on the paper, so as to make a perfectly 78 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS ^z smooth line. Holding the pen correctly alyo caused the letters to take the proper slant. After a good degree of excellence in the short letters had been attained, the longer letters were practised on, the easier ones first, and so progressing to the f, which was considered the most difticult. It was two or three years before the capitals were undertaken, and at least two winters were consumed in mastering them. To secure freedom of hand, the pupil practised on the wave line in all its com- binations in the most elaborate forms of the capital letters ; at the same time maintaining the utmost regularity in the angle and leno-th of the small letters. Fiiiallv the same forms were diminished to what is called fine hand. This, in its perfection, was almost equal to impressions made by the copper plate. Account books a hundred years old often show in their head- ings what the goose-quill pen was capable of doing. One of the most interesting and finished specimens of the art I ever saw was a bill nmde out by Dr. Jonathan Pope, in which he charged three pounds and twelve shillings for removing a cancer from the face of Jonathan Metcalf, Esq., and healing the ulcer. If his surgery equalled his penmanship, it must have been well worth the price charged in 178!j. Needlework was taught in the Dedham schools at a very early date. Patchwork, samplers and embroidery were com- mon as early as 1780, aiid perhaps earlier. An exhibit of the pupil's skill in these branches of the art was generally made at the closing day of the school ; and among the old families one may still see treasured specimens of what was done by great- grandmothers in the early schools. The boys also were not less expert in making things for school use. As they were expected to rule their own copy- books, for no ruled paper was then sold in the stores, each one was accustomed to make his own ruler as shapely and handsome as possible. Also he fashioned his plummet to be used as a pencil in ruling ; sometimes it took the shape of a hatchet or tomahawk. Many cast their own pewter inkstands ; and some OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 7D even made their own ink, consisting chiefly of a decoction from oak bark and a modicum of iron rust. They were all ambitious to make and mend their own pens, and therefore generally carried in their pockets good, well sharpened pen knifes for that use. A school boy without a knife in his pocket was re- garded as somewhat lacking in smartness. The slate and slate pencil, now utterly extinct in our schools, taxed the boys' in- genuity in framing, adorning and keeping them clean and in good condition. In the winter the boys who were old enough took turns in building the morning fire an hour before the school com- menced. The older girls swept and dusted the school room and its furniture. Thus the school of early days fostered in- dustrial and housekeeping ability, which we need not say, was highly profitable ; and besides it encouraged self-help. The boys sharpened their own tools ; and would have been greatly amused at the idea of hiring a person to sharpen their pencils. Under such conditions the boys and girls acquired a very good education ; and, in the general results, the old schools com- pared favorably with the methods of the twentieth century. Moses Haven, H. C. 1782, taught the grammar school in 1782-3. He was a nephew of Rev. Jason Haven, being the son of his brother Isaac and Ruth (Grant) Haven, and was born in Framingham, Sept. 5, 1754; died April 3, 1785. Caleb Child taught school in the First Parish, in the winter of 1783-4. He was the seventh child of Caleb and Rebecca (Dana) Child, born in Brookline, May 13, 1767; graduated at Harvard College, 1787 ; after teaching five years and preach- ing occasionally in Roxbury he went to Albany, N. Y., and opened a school. June 1, 1798, he was certified as a Physician at Poughkeepsie and March 3, 1803, was appointed surgeon of a militia regiment. At Troy, N. Y., he was for several years apothecary, doctor, and preacher. July 21, 1799, he married Sarah Bramhall, of Armenia, N. Y. He died at Albany, Jan., 1830. 80 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Rev. Ichabod Draper, H. C. 1783, was in charge of the grammar school, 1783-4. The eleventh child of Timothy and Hannah Draper, he was born in West Dedham, Aug. 24, 1755. He was settled in 1785 over a church in Amherst, N. H. ; mar- ried Sarah Bowles of Amherst, Dec. 6, 1798 ; resigned his charge in 1809, but lived in Amherst till his death, Dec. 17, 1827. He served as a sergeant in the war of the American Revolution. Mrs. Daniel Gookin taught the summer school of the First Parish in 1784. According to the Town Records Daniel Gookin, of Dedham, married Finis Peters, of Medfield, March 4, 1784. She was the daughter of William and Hannah (Chenerj) Peters, born June 4, 1749, in Medfield, the young- est of eleven children. It is a fact worth rememberino; that durino; the Revolu- tion, or from 1775 to 1783, nine graduates of Harvard College were employed as teachers in the Dedham schools from one to four terms each. This shows that the stress of war did not lower their standard as some have supposed. As the currency became inflated the appropriation was increased, till in 1780 it became 6000 £. Peter Woodward, H. C. 1776, was the teacher of the Third Parish in 1784-5. Among the baptisms of the First Church is the following : " Dec. 17, 1752, Peter, son of Mr. Richard and Mrs. Susanna (Luce) Woodward." Thomas Hammond was schoolmaster in the Third Parish, 1785. He was born in Rochester, Aug. 17, 1766, graduated from Harvard College in 1787, and died in New Bedford, 1803. In 1785-6, Henry Ware taught in the First Parish. He had just graduated, H. C. 1785, with highest honors. Born in Sherborn, April 1, 17(j4, he was settled as the successor of Dr. Ebenezer Gay at Hingham, Oct. 24, 1787. He became Hollis Professor at Harvard College in 1805. He had three wives and nineteen children — a school of his own. See Sprague's Annals, Unitarian Pulpit, for an interesting biography. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 81 Lydia Clark had charge of the summer school of the First Parish in 1786. She came from Medfield, and Mr. Simeon Gould took very seasonable measures to secure her for a home in Dedham. Plis intention to marry her bears the date Nov. 11, 1786 ; and Dr. Prentice of Medfield made her Mrs. Gould on the nineteenth of April, 1788. So deliberate a marriage ought to be a happy one. The Third Precinctduring two winters, 1784-5 and 1785-6, enjoyed the services of Daniel Mayo, a student at Harvard College, from which he graduated in 1787. He was born at Warwick, Sept. 13, 1762, and lived till 1838; but of these fifty-one years of his post-graduate life we can give no account. He died in Newport, Kentucky. In the winter of 1786-7 the Third Parish School was under the instruction of Solomon Vose, who graduated at Harvard College the next summer. He was the son of Col. Joseph and Sarah (Howe) Vose, of Milton, Mass., born July 22, 1768. After graduating he first settled in trade in Charleston, S. C. ; but a dangerous illness soon caused him to return to the North, and he entered upon law studies with Hon. Levi Lincoln of Worcester, Mass. He commenced practice in Northfield,Mass. , where he was appointed the first postmaster in 1798, and in 1801 and 1802 he was chosen Representative to the General Court; but he removed to Augusta, Maine, in 1805, having married Eliza Putnam Chandler, of Worcester, Sept. 11, 1796. He was successful in the law; but died suddenly, July 11, 1809, leaving four sons. His Avidow survived him fifty-two years, dying in 1862 at the age of ninety-one. He is spoken of as a man of "a noble figure, an impressive presence, and martial bearing." Several of his descendants have graduated from the New England colleg-es. The same winter Jesse, the son of Enoch Ellis, taught in the eastern part of the Third Parish, where now is the Fisher School. He was probably the son of Enoch Ellis, of Walpole, 82 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS who married Juletta Ellis, of Dedham, and taught in the third parish in 17(53-4. In 1786-7 and 1787-8 John Wiswall had charge of the Mill School, here mentioned for the first time. His introduc- tion to Dedham was somewhat earlier, according to this record : "Married by Rev'd. Mr. Haven, Dec. 30th, 1784, Mr. John Wiswall, of Newton, and Miss Lois Worsley, of Dedham." From 17 80 to 1789, George Ellis, of Medfield, taught the North School of the Third Precinct, here first mentioned, now known as the Burgess School. He was the son of Samuel and Sarah (Morse) Ellis, born in 1763. He taught in Medfield, 1784; went into trade in partnership with Johnson Mason ; was Coroner, Selectman and Town Treasurer; married, 1786, Martha Chaloner ; secondly, 1795, Moriel Fuller, of Newton : and thirdly, in 1797, Deborah Baker, of Dedham. His first wife bore him four children; Betsey, Mrs. Hensdale Fisher ; John, who died at the age of 98 years ; Patty, Mrs. Sheriff John Baker, Dedham ; George, Treasurer of Norfolk County. Mr. Ellis died in 1808 ; his widow survived him 40 years. Deborah Baker taught summer schools in the Third Parish, 1787 and 1788 ; also in East Street, 1789. That George and Deborah formed a pleasant acquaintance while they alternated in school duties, a[)pears from the following : — Married by the Rev** Thomas Thacher, Feb. 16 [1797], George Ellis, Medfield, to Deborah Baker of Dedham. Low Plain School first appears in the records in 1786-7, when Lemuel French was the teacher. He was born May 16, 1770, and died Feb. 8, 1809. Married Mary Bailey, sister of John Bailey, Representative to Congress, 1823-1831. His son, George French, was famous as a maker of telescopes. Lemuel French lived near the corner of Washinsfton and Green Lodge streets, Canton, Mass. The house is now (1892) used as a barn. Benjamin Weatherbee, Jr., taught one of the schools of the Third Precinct in 1786-7. The following records exist : OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 83 Benjamin, son of Benjamin and Susanna (Aldridge) Weatherbee, born Oct. 19, 1762. By Rev'd. Jabez Chickering, Benj'n Weatherbee [Jr.]. and Lucy Morse, both of Dedham, Dec. 1st, 1785, Died. Oct. 6, 1827, Benjamin Weatherbee, aged 65. The name is still respected in Dedham. Sarah Avery, the daughter of Jonathan, taught the Middle School of the First Pari.sh two summers, 1787 and 1788. She married Dea. Jonathan Richards, and they resided on the estate in Dedham, now known as Broad Oak, the home of the late Rev. Ebenezer Burgess, D. D., where the late Dea. Edward P. Burgess resided. Polly Wheaton taught the school three weeks in the First Parish in the summer of 1787. The Low Plain School was taught by Jonathan Fisher in 1787-8. He was the son of Jonathan and Catherine (Avery) Fisher, born in New Braintree, Mass., Oct. 7, 1768. In Sprague's Annals, his remarkable biography may be found. The following extract from it is pertinent here : — " About the close of 1787 he engaged in teaching a school in Dedham for three dollars per month. Here he continued for three months, at the same time prosecuting his own studies, and im- proving his hours of relaxation by making bird-cages which he turned to some pecuniary account. He entered the freshman class at Harvard in Jul}^ 1788. At a public exhibition in 1790 he delivered a Hebrew oration. While at Cambridge he pre- pared a philosophical alphabet and combined with it a system of stenography. In this he wrote more than twenty-five hun- dred sermons ; the alphabet saved about one page in seven, and the stenography saved about half the paper and half the time in writing his sermons. He wrote French, Latin, Greek, and Hebrew with facility; and, to fill up his leisure, made a Hebrew lexicon. He settled in the ministry at Blue Hill, Maine, in 179(3, where he spent a pastorate of forty-one years. He published a volume on scripture animals, of which the illustrations, drawn and engraved by his own hand, were a 84 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHEKS great curiosity. The frontispiece of this book contains several trees, in the branches of which there is said to be a good pro- file likeness of the author. He was instrumental in founding the Blue Hill Academy, and in securing for it an endowment of half a township of land. He was a ' prodigy of industry to the end of his life,' which came on the 22d of September, 1847." Every one who visits Dedham admires the Judge Haven house, recently owned and occupied by the late John R. Bullard. This house was built, and the noble English elms in front of it were planted, by Samuel Haven, who taught the Third Precinct School in 1787-8 and 1788-9. He was the son of Rev. Joseph and Catharine (Dexter) Haven, born April 5, 1771 ; graduated at Harvard College in 1789; studied law with Hon. Fisher Ames of Dedham, and with his cousin, the Hon. Samuel Dexter of Boston. On the formation of Norfolk County, he was appointed Register of Probate, an office which he held for forty years. He was also Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas from 1804 till that court was abolished about 1811. He died in Roxbury, Sept. 4, 1847. He might be called a boy teacher, as he finished his second term, or winter before he completed his eighteenth year. William Douglas was a schoolmaster in Dedham in 1788- 89, but in what school, and for how long a term, is not ascertained. The East Street School was taught by John Tyler in the winter of 1788-9. He is supposed to be " John, ye son of ye Revd. Mr. Andrew and Mrs. Mary Tyler, born March 14th 1763." No other John Tyler of that age has been found. The next winter, 1789-90, in the same school, as teacher, we find John Metcalf, probably the son of Joseph and Ruth, born May 7, 1769. The South Branch School of the Second Precinct was taught by Lewis Thorp in the winter of 1788-9. This record of Parson Balch, probably relates to him: — "Jan. 18, 1767. Baptized a child of Ephal [Eliphalet] Thorp, named Lewis." OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 85 Probably his mother's name was Hannah (Lewis) Thorp, who was married to Eliphalet, Dec. 17, 1762, by the Rev. Thomas Balch. Caleb Ellis, Harvard College, 1793, taught in the East District of the Third Parish in 1788-9, and 1792-3. He was the son of Enoch and Juletta (Ellis) Ellis, born in Walpole, Mass., April 16, 1767. See Dedham Historical Register, Vol. ni, page 177. He practised law in Claremont, N. H. ; was a member of Congress, 1804 to 1809 ; Associate Justice of Su- perior Court from 1813 till May 9, 1816, the date of his death. He married Miss Nancv Means of Amherst, N. H., Feb. 4 1816. His widow married Amos Lawrence of Boston. She died Nov. 27, 1866. Caleb Ellis left a bequest of $5,000 for the support of the ministry in Claremont. In the same school Olive Ellis taught three summers, 1788, 1789 and 1790. She was the daughter of William and Olive (Fairbanks) Ellis, born Feb. 3, 1767. What is remarkable, she died Feb. 3, 1837, having lived exactly the allotted age of man, three score and ten years, still bearing the same pretty name which she took from her mother. Dr. Samuel Gould of Needham, was for several winters a teacher in Dedham : of the Mill School, 1788-9 ; East Street, 1792-3 ; North School of Third Parish, 1797 ; and the Second Middle School, 1798. He wcs the son of Maj. George and Rachael (Dwight) Gould, born in Sutton, Mass., Nov. 29, 1770, and married Esther, daughter of Jonathan Kingsbury. Where he was known it was esteemed a compliment to be called " as polite as Dr. Gould." In 1789 the teacher of the North District, Third Parish, was Miss Betsey Wood. I find this record: "Married by the Revd. Mr. Thomas Thacher . . . April 19th [1791] Mr. Edward Whiting to Miss Elizabeth Wood, both of Dedham." In 1789, School Districts were established by a statute in the following terms: "Be it enacted that the several towns and districts in this Commonwealth be, and they are 86 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS hereby authorized and empowered in town meetTngs to be called for that purpose, to determine and define the limits of school districts within their towns and districts." At that time convenience and usage had already set up the following school districts in Dedham : in the First Parish, five districts, the First Middle, the Second Middle, East Street, Mill School and Low Plain ; in the Second Parish, two districts, the North District and the South District ; in the Third Parish, four districts, the Central District, the South District, Walpole Corner, the East District, Clapboard trees, and the North Dis- trict, Westfield ; in the Fourth Parish only one school was mentioned. Thus the town had twelve schools. How many scholars attended each we cannot state ; but it is evident that the school houses were well filled. In 1766 the school in the Second Parish contained upwards of ninety scholars ; and doubtless the First Parish School near the Meeting House, was divided into First Middle and Second Middle, because of the large number of scholars. In 1 789-1)0 East Street had Ira Draper in charge of its school. He was the son of Abijah and Alice (Eaton) Draper, born Dec. 29, 1764; admitted to the Church Feb. 4, 1787, and married to Lydia Hichards of Dover [Pub. April 19th, 1786]. Col. William Franklin Draper, his grandson, was Representa- tive in Congress, for the Eleventh ISIass. District. Sarah Glover taught the North School or Westfield, Third Parish, in 1790. This record may be hers : " Sarah, daughter of Henry & Hannah Glover, born Jan. 13, 1763." Eleazer Wight is found teaching the East District of the Third Parish, 1791-2, and 1792-3. He is on record as teach- ing somewhere in the First Parish in 1776. The following doubtless also refers to him : — "Married March 30, 1796, Eleazar Wight & Joa Wight, both of Dedham," by Rev. Mr. Haven. Hannah Richards was mistress of the East District of the OF DEDHAM. MASSACHUSETTS 87 Third Parish in 1792. Among the marriages is this : — " May 19, 1794, Oliver Gay to Hannah Richards," both of Dedham. Jonathan Richards was master in the First Parish, West School (Upper Village), 1791-2. Whether this Avas Deacon Richards or another we cannot determine. If it was the deacon , he "merged" his honeymoon in school-keeping; as he married Sarah Avery on the 4th of January, 1791. Elijah Dunbar was master of the East School of the Third Parish, 1791-2. He graduated from Harvard College in 1794, being a native of Canton, Mass. ; was a tutor in Williams Col- lege, 1794-6 ; and the pastor of Peterboro, N. H., from 1799 till 1827. He lived till 1850. Isaac Colburn, having been a teacher in Northboro from Dec. 31, 1788, till March 24, 1789, began to teach in Dedham, Dec. 21, 1789, and probably, was engaged every winter till March 20, 1797. He was the son of Isaac and Hepzibah (Pond) Colburn, born in West Dedham, August 8, 1766, and died May 10, 1845. He married 1st, Elizabeth Dexter of Marlboro; 2dly, Mary Hams of Needham, Nov. 17,1817. See Dedham Historical Register, Vol. II., page 112 and III., page 143. He was the father of 15 children, several of whom, including one pair of twins, lived to be over ninety years of age. There is to be seen a photograph of the twelve children of his first wife in a group, taken when the youngest was 55 years of age and the oldest 75. His youngest son, Dana Pond Colburn, was the author of an arithmetic, and at the time of his death, Dec. 15, 1859, was principal of the Rhode Island State Normal School. In the winter of 1792-3, Joshua Whiting was master in East Street. He was the son of Joshua and Elizabeth (Pond) Whiting, born Feb. 21, 1758. He appears to have married Mary Ellis, March 16, 1783. Died May 7, 1842, aged 84 years. The South School of the Second Parish was under the in- struction of Francis Dean two winters, 1792-3 and 1794-5. If 88 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS we interpret, or rather apply the records correctly, he was the son of Jonathan and Elizabeth (Balch) Dean, and the grandson of the Rev. Thomas Balch, minister at South Dedham. He was born Feb. 10, 1766, and was married to Hannah Morse of Canton, July 22, 1799. Beginning in the summer of 1792, Anna Smith taught in the Middle District of the First Parish five successive summers. She was the daughter of William and Margaret Smith, born Oct. 6, 1769. On April 6, 1797, Mr. Haven joined her in marriage to Thaddeus Mason, with whom she lived over 30 years, dying June 26, 1828. In 1792 the school money was proportioned as follows : to the First Precinct £28. 19s. 5d. ; to the Second £28. 16s. 7 l-2d. ; to the Third £28. 3s. 11 l-2d. : Total £86. In 1792--3 we find Abner Ellis teaching in the Third Parish, North District. This was Col. Abner Ellis, Jr., who repre- sented the town in the Legislature five years. The following are his records : — "Abner, son of Abner and Meletiah Ellis, born January 4th, 1770." " Married by the Rev. Thomas Thatcher, Decemr 18, [1793], Abner Ellis to Mary Gay." "Abner Ellis died Dec. 14, 1844, aged 75 years." Abijah Dra[)er, Brow^n Universit}^ 1797, taught the Low Plain children in the winter of 1792-3, and those of the Centre School, First Parish, in 1797-8 and 1799-1800. This was Dr. Draper, son uf Maj. Abijah whose name is on the Pitt Monu- ment in Dedham Village. Dr. Draper lived and died in Rox- bury. He was a good classical scholar, and after he was settled in his profession often taught young men in preparation for college. It is said that he was accustomed to hear them recite their Caesar without taking a book into his hands, being so familiar with that author that he could detect any mistake without seeing the text. Jesse Draper was schoolmaster in the east division of the Third Parish in 1793-4. We suppose the following records apply to him: — "Jesse, son of Joseph and Hannah Draper, OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETrS 89 born Feb. 26th, 1771." " Nov. 15, 1772. Baptized a child of Joseph Draper named Jesse." [South Ch. Records.] " May 25, 1797. [Married] by Rev. Benjamin Caryl. Jesse Draper of Dedhara, Lois Draper of Dover." The First Middle School of the First Parish, was under the care of Rev. William Montague three winters, 1793-4, ' 4-5, ' 5-6. He was born in South Hadley, Mass., Sept. 23, 1757, the son of Joseph and Sarah (Henry) Montague ; graduated at Dartmouth College, ] 784 ; was Rector of Christ Church, Boston, 1787-92 ; of Christ Church, Quincy, 1793-99 ; then of St. Paul's, Ded- ham, till 1818. He taught a school in Dorchester in 1800, having as his assistant, Lawrence Sprague, son of Dr. John Sprague of Dedham. He is said to have excelled as a teacher of mathematics. He was ordained by Bishop Seabury of Connecti- cut, and being in London, England, in 1790, he was the first minister who had been ordained in America, to occupy a pulpit of the English Church. He died in Dedham, July 22, 1833. In the Third Parish, South District (now the Union School) , Benjamin Fairbanks was the teacher for the winter of 1793-4. We suppose him to be the son of Benjamin and Mary Fairbanks, born Feb. 18, 1769. Also we find that Benjamin Fairbanks, Jr., was married to Miss Hannah Dean of Dedham, by the Rev. Jabez Chickering, Jan. 21, 1790. This concise history, which we hope will prove correct, is all we can write of this first teacher at Walpole Corner. The same winter, 1793-4, Deacon Joseph Swan taught the young ideas to shoot in the Low Plain School. He was the son of Joseph and Mary (Hunting) Swan, born about 1772. Joseph Swan, Jr., married Nancy Fales, Dec. 25, 1794. Deacon Swan died Nov. 13, 1798. His daughter Adeline mar- ried Mr. Leonard Alden, who for many years occupied the Deacon Swan estate at Low Plain, or Readville. Dr. Paul Dean was a teacher in the Centre School of the First Parish in 1794. He was the son of Ebenezer and probably Abigail (Fales) Dean ; received his medical degree from Har- 90 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS vard College, 1813 ; died unmarried at St. Stephens, Alabama, July 11, 1831, aged 70. Peter Thacher taus^ht in the East District of the Third Parish, 1794-5, and 1795-6. He was the son of Rev. Peter Thacher of Attleboro, born Oct. 21, 1753, who spent most of life in his native toAvn as a farmer : married Nanna, daughter of Capt. John Tyler, and died December 4, 1814. Moses Gay, Jr., was a teacher for several winters ; first in the Walpole Corner School from 1794 to 1798; then in the Clapboard trees District in 1802-3. This may be his record : " Novemr 26, [1801] Moses Gay, junr. to Mehitable Holmes, both of Dedham." George Feachem is named as the teacher in theEast School, Third Parish, for 1796-7. We can addnothing to this record. Cynthia Whiting had the summer school of the Middle District, Third Parish, 1797. The following appears to be her record: "Jan. 24, 1799. Mr. Frederick Richards of Ded- ham, Miss Cynthia AVhiting of Xeedham, by Stephen Palmer, Pastor of the First Church in Needham." Two winters, 1797-8 and 1798-9, Jesse Peck was em- ployed in the East Street school. Dea. Abram Capen of Stoughton taught at Low Plain about 1798. When over ninety years of age, he showed me samples of ornamental writing which he executed in the little schoolhouse at Low Plain as copy for his pupils ; it was unique and beautiful. Abigail Draper taught in the same school 1798-9 and 1800 : supposed to be the daughter of John, Jr., and Abigail Draper, born May 2, 1765. Geo. Whitefield Adams of Medlield was in charge of the Middle School, First Parish, three winters at least, 1798-9, 1799-1800, and 1804-5. He was the son of Thomas and Sarah (Harris) Adams, and half brother of Hannah Adams, the distinguished authoress. He married Polly Drowne 1793, and died in Savannah, Georgia, in 1820. or DEDHAM. MASSACHUSETTS 91 Elizabeth Gould, commonly called " Betsey Gould," began to teach in Dcdham Village in 1799, and according to the testi- mony of one of her pupils continued the work for eight years or more. Of course she was an acceptable teacher. She was married May 13, 1813 to Mr. Benjamin Simmons of Dorches- ter. It is said that she lived more than ninety years. During the first half of the nineteenth century the spelling school was for the young people one of the most popular winter entertainments. It combined utility with not a little amuse- ment ; and all the boys and girls were eager to attend it. The hours were generally from seven to nine in the evening, unless a later hour of dismission was rendered necessary by ths diffi- culty of spelling down the contestants. Choosing sides was the most prominent feature of this school. The privilege of choosing Avas usually given to the two pupils who first volun- teered for that important office. After casting lots for the first choice, they chose alternately those Avhom they judged to be the best spellers until all were chosen ; and as fast as these were chosen, they took their places on opposite sides of the the schoolroom, this being facilitated by the usual arrangement of the boys' and girls' seats. Then one on each side was ap- pointed to keep the tally ; after which the master put out the words from the spelling book, the first to the one who had the first choice, and then alternately from side to side in order. No one was allowed to try a word the second time. If a word was missed on both sides, and finally spelled correctly on t"he side where it was first missed, it was said to be saved, and was not counted in the tally. After spelling about an hour, the tally was reported, and the side having the fewest failures was declared victor. Then, after a short recess, they returned to their places and stood up to spell. The hardest Avords from the dictionary or any other source, provided they were Eng- lish, were now given out; and those who missed took their seats till all were "spelled down." This was the usual mode of procedure ; and was never much varied, except occasionally 92 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHEKS a dialogue or declamation was introduced for variety. But the spelling school, pure and simple, was always sufficiently inter- esting ; and its effects were highly beneficial to the community. Mary Bullard, who was Mrs. Joseph Howe, after Aug. 26, 1800, had charge of the Middle School, First Parish, 1798 and 1799. She was the daughter of Dea. Isaac and Patience (Baker) Bullard, and was born Nov. 30, 1767. Daniel Leeds in 1799-1800, was master of the Village School about six weeks. This was Daniel Leeds, Jr., son of Daniel and Abigail (Gore) Leeds of Dorchester, born May 7, 1764. His father was a schoolmaster, and I do not learn that the son had any other business. He taught at Dorchester Lower Mills in 1802, and some years following ; died unmar- ried at the house of his brother in School Street, Boston, August 19, 1811. He was succeeded by Phillips Clark of Medfield, who also taught six weeks ; afterwards he taught in many other places, and was again teaching in Dedham in 1808-9. He was the son of Solomon and Jane (Phillips) Clark, born 1761, and died in Med way unmarried. A new schoolhouse was built in Dedham Villajje in 1801. It was a brick structure of two stories, standing on the site of the original school and Avatch house, and cost $1540 ; for which payment was made to Israel Fairbanks, Jr. The first master in the new schoolhouse in 1800-1, was John Whitney, who graduated at Dartmouth College in 1797. He was the son of Ezra and Mercy (Morse) Whitney of Doug- las, Mass. Afflicted with mental disease he became a " wanderer," and is supposed to have died in Georgetown, Ky., Feb., 1824. Horace, the son of Eliphalet and Meletiah Fales, was born July 18, 1782, and was master of the East Street School in the winter of 1800-1. Seth Gay, Jr., the son of Seth and Elizabeth (Richards) Gay, was master of the LTpper A^illage School two winters, OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 93 1801-2 and 1802-3. He was born Aug. 10, 1780, and died July 25, 1859. The following winter, 1803-4, Samuel Lowder, Jr. taught the same scliool. He graduated at Harvard in 1805, and lived till 1832. March 24, 1803, Jabez Chickering, Jr., son of the Rev. Jabez Chickering of South Dedham, received sixty-three dol- lars for teaching the East Street School. He graduated at Harvard College in 1804, and married Miss Deborah D. F. Alley ne of Dedham, July 3, 1805. Calvin Ellis taught the P^ast School of the Third Parish in 1803-4. In Dedham Records, p. 115, we read: "Calvin, son of Beulah Ellis, born June 21, 1772." We suppose this to be the School Master, finding no other record. In the central district of the Third Parish, Nathan Armsby began to teach in 1803, and continued five winters, and per- haps six. What other good works he did we are unable to declare. For two summers, 1803 and 1804, Miss Miriam Wight, daughter of Joseph Wight, was in charge of the Second Middle School. On the 18th of December, 1805, she was joined in marriage to Capt. Asa Newell of Natick. It is said that they removed to New Hampshire. Alpheus Baker was master of the First Middle School two winters, probably 1802-3 and 1803-4. He was the son of Sherebiahand Clotilda (Daniels) Baker, born at Athol, Mass., Nov. 3, 1780, and graduated at Dartmouth College in 1801. After teaching in Dedham he went to Alabama, and was very successful as a teacher, and acquiring means he bought a plan- tation, to which he retired. He died in Columbus, Ga., Dec. 20, 1857. In the winter of 1801-2, Dr. George Gould of Roxbury had charge of the Village School. He was the son of Major George and Rachel (Dwight) Gould of Sutton, Mass., where probably the Doctor was born. I have heard aged persons 94 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS speak of the Goulds, Samuel, Betsey and George, as famous teachers, whose services were in hio;h esteem. With less severity than many of that day employed, their discipline was strict and their schools orderly. Mr. Edward Roberts was Master of the Mill School two months in 1804. The followintj is found among the Intentions of Marriage in the Dedham Records : Mr. Edward Roberts and Miss Nancy AVhiting, both of Dedham, April 29, 1809. Mrs. Roberts died Oct. 24, 1826, and on her tombstone is the following : — Accept, blest shade This last Sad tribute of Surviving love. E. R. Betsey Metcalf of Providence, R. L, was mistress in the same school 12 weeks in 1804. She became Mrs. Obed Baker in 1807. Her fame connected with the manufacture of Leghorn bonnets need not be recounted here. Her portrait graces the walls of the Dedham Historical Society ; her name and her family will not soon be forgotten in West Dedham, where she spent a long and useful life. In 1817 she organized in her own house the first Sunday School in the Town of Dedham. In 1804-5 the First Middle School had as its master, James Flint, who was bora in Reading, Dec. 10, 1781, and had graduated at Harvard in 1802. Having studied theology with Dr. Bates of Dedham, he was minister in East Bridgewatcr 14 years, from Oct. 29, 1806 ; then settled in Salem, Sept. 20, 1821. He published many sermons and some poetry ; received the degree of S. T. D. in 1825 : and died March 4, 1855 at the age of 75. Nabby or Abigail Baker taught in Clapboardtrees six con- secutive summers and one winter, 1809-10, beginning in 1804. She was the daughter of Daniel and Mary Baker born Sept. 3, 1775. Poll V Newell of Stockbridsre was mistress of the East School of the Third Parish in the summer of 1804, and of the Central or DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 95 School of the same Parish in 1806. She was married to Capt. Abner Ellis, April 21, 1807. John Wickliffe Adams, half brother of the famous authoress, Hannah Adams, was master in Clapboardtress 1804-5 and 1805-6. "He taught school in several of the surrounding towns about that time. He died in 1870 aged 97." Thomas Whiting, the eldest son of Calvin and Elizabeth (Fuller) Whiting, was paid in March, 1805, for teaching five weeks in the Second Middle School. He was subsequently a merchant in Boston, finally went to engage in trade in New Orleans, La., was very successful, became interested in a cotton plantation, and died of the yellow fever in 1828 at the age of forty-two years. Beginning in 1806-7 Clapboard trees, a name hereafter limi- ted to the East District of the Third Parish, profited by the in- struction of Richard Ellis, Esq., seven consecutive winters, and then again in 1820-21. This marriage record exists: " Jan 7, 1813. Mr. Richard Ellis & Miss Abigail Ellis Dean, both of Dedham" (Ch. Rec. of First Parish.) Mr. Ellis was for man}^ years the Town Clerk of Dedham, and two of his grandchildren have held prominent positions as teachers in Boston Schools. It would be interesting to see a complete account of what was done in the winter schools of this period. They often contained a few highly gifted pupils who were far in advance of their schoolmates, and were alloAved to enter upon higher branches of study. A class in surveying was sometimes formed, and in many of the New England towns land was measured and boundaries were established, by men who learned to use the compass and the chain, and to calculate areas, from the teachers of the winter schools. Pike's Arithmetic furnished to those who were fond of mathematics a long course of study, almost equivalent to that pursued in the Colleges. I have by me a copy of " Blair's Lectures on Rhetoric" which was used as a school-book in Dedham as early as the year 1810. AYhen- 96 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS ever a master was found to be gifted, or well equipped with learning, the more ambitious young men and women took ad- vantage of their opportunities and formed a class in some new kind of mental culture. In this way the influence and useful- ness of the instructor were increased, his power was made to produce its noblest fruits, and the community realized more fully " that the Schoolmaster was abroad." William Learned Marcy graduated at Brown University in 1808, and while a member of college spent one winter in Ded- ham as teacher of the first Middle School. His honorable politi- cal career as Governor of New York, United States Senator, Secretary of War, and of State, is so well known as to make it unnecessary to dwell upon it here. He was born in South- bridge, Mass., Dec. 12, 1786. He was an officer in the war of 1812, and is said to have captured the first prisoners and the first flag taken from the British on land in that war. He died at Ballston Spa, N. Y., July 4, 1857. The highest mountain in the State of New York bears his name and will justly per- petuate his memory. Benjamin James, who graduated at Brown University in 1805, taught in Dedham soon afterwards, probably in 1807. He became a chemist and physician in Boston ; and one of his pupils informed me that his eyesight was seriously injured, if not destroyed, in a chemical experiment. Sall}^ Baker was the mistress of West Dedham in the sum- mer of 1805. She was the youngest daughter of Eliphalet and Elizabeth (Fisher) Baker, born January 23, 1776, and died un- married in 1850. Gardner Daggett, Brown Univ. 1802, was master of the First Middle School in 1806-7. He subsequently practised law in Providence, K. I., and was prominent in the military service of that State. David Bates, H. C. 1807, and A. M., was Mr. Daggett's contemporary in the Second Middle District. He was the son of Zealous and Abio^ail Bates of Cohasset, Mass., and the OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 97 brother of the Rev Dr. Joshua Bates of Dedham ; born Sept. 12, 1784, and died in Westboro, Feb. 9, 1869. Jolin Howe of Roxbury was a teacher in some part of Ded- ham, about the year 1806. His name was given to me by one who attended his school, I think, in the first Middle District. He punished small boys by piling them under his desk, where they learned to keep still for a while, so long at least as they were used as the master's footstool. Mothers finally objected to this use of their children. Celia Baker, in the summer of 1807, taught in AVest Ded- ham. She was the daughter of Joseph and Monica, born Feb. 20, 1787; married Ellis Colburn, Dec. 25, 1810, and died Jan. 8, 1854. Nahum Harrington, of Brown University 1807, was in charge of the First Middle School two winters, 1807-8 and 1808-9. He studied law and settled in Westborough, Mass., which he represented in the legislature in 1832. He married Mary Fairbanks of Dedham, Jan. 4, 1816. His son was for many years Superintendent of Schools in the city of New Bedford. Willard Ellis taught the Mill School eight weeks in 1807-8. Money was drawn from the town treasury for twenty scholars. Wages $14 per month ; board $1.86 per week. He was the son of William and Olive, born June 12, 1785, and was mar- ried to Mary Morse of Dedham, July 1, 1810, by Rev. Thomas Thacher. The following summer the Mill School was managed still more economically. Miss Lucretia Whiting taught nine weeks for nine dollars ; and Hezekiah Whiting boarded her for one dollar per week ; but in November of the same year. Rev. Joshua Bates joined Lucretia Whiting in marriage to Mr. Lemuel Babcock, Jr., of Milton. She was the daughter of Abner and Loacada Whiting, born Jan. 10, 1787. About 1809 James B. Dorrance, Brown Univ. 1809, for 98 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS a fe^Y weeks only, taught the First Middle School. Afterwards he was a well-known capitalist in Providence, R. I. He was succeeded by Titus Strong, who had been a writer in the office of Horatio Townsend, Esq., Clerk of Courts. He was a tine elocutionist and interested his school in speaking and composition. For a time he edited the Norfolk Repository. Finding some church books in Mr. Townsend's office he was induced by their perusal to study for the ministry, and was ordained deacon in 1814, and in 1815 became the Rector of St. James's Church, Greenfield, Mass. He taught several terms, one as late as 1813-14. Among the Intentions of Marriage in Dedham is the following : " Mr. Titus Strong and Miss Han- nah Dwight, both of Dedham, June 24, 1808." Dr. Strong ranked hi oh among the clergv of the Diocese of ^Massachusetts, and by his numerous publications was widely influential. We find Edward Rawson teachino' the West Dedham School 1809-10 : but we are unable to give any facts of his antecedent or subsequent history, except that he probabh' died at Woonsocket, R. I., June, 1833. Ansel French taught the Mill School fourteen weeks, 1809-10. I find his name nowhere else in Dedham records, or any other. Jeremy F. Tolman closed his school in the mill district Jan. 31, 1809, probably a two months term. He was the son of Capt. John and Elizabeth (Fisher) Tolman, born in Need- ham Dec. 17, 1784; married Elizabeth Leland Oct. 25, 1814; commenced preaching in Dana, Mass., 1814: at Templeton, 1816 ; refused ordination, preferring pioneer life in the wilds of New York ; settled at Jumin, N. Y., where he was ordained April, 1819 ; was for many years pastor of a Baptist Church in Sandwich, Illinois, and died there March 24, 1872. "His distiniruishing characteristic was Faithfulness." Rhoda Whiting instructed the Mill School three sunmiers, 1809, 1811, and 1813. Of her we only know that she was the daughter of Rufus and Elizabeth, born Nov. 13, 1787. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 99 Hannah Tyler of Attleborough came to Dedham to teach in the 2d Middle District in 1808. She married Gen. Nathaniel Guild June 10, 1810, and spent the remainder of her days in Dedham. The next summer, 1809, the Second Middle School was taught by Chloe Morse, the sister of Rev. Abner Morse, the genealogist, and the aunt of the Hon. Elijah Adams Morse, a recent Representative in Congress. In 1809 Sybil Mudge was school mistress in the Second Middle, or Upper Village district. She Avas the daughter of Joseph and Lois (Pratt) Mudge of Wrentham, born Feb. 1, 1787 ; taught schools in Needham and Westminster, Mass., and in Winchester, N. H. ; married Col. Alvin B. Doolittle of Winchester; died there Nov. 8, 1836. Abigail Ellis Dean taught schools in Dedham from 1810 to 1813. She was the daughter of Phineas Ellis and Jerusha (White) Dean, born in Dedham, April 25, 1789. She was educated at Day's Acadeni}'-, Wrentham ; married Richard Ellis, of Dedham, Jan. 7, 1813, and died in Canton, Mass., Dec. 2(3, 1889. She is the only centenarian among the Ded- ham teachers. Harriot Wilson taught the Mill School three summers, 1810, 1812, and 1817. The first summer she received pre- cisely $1.45 a week. We hope they made it $1.50 afterwards. Joseph Onion began to teach school in the Second Middle district in 1810. He had charge of the Clapboardtrees School in 1814 and 1815, and of the Westfield School in 1820-1, 1825-6 and 1826-7. He was born July 3, 1786, married Phelinda Bills, Dec. 25, 1816. He was a descendant of Rob- ert Onion, one of the early settlers of Dedham, and always re- sided in this town, where he died Feb. 15, 1866, leaving five children. Daniel Armsby was schoolmaster two winters in West Dedham, 1810-11, and 1811-12. Other facts relating to him have been sought in vain. 'OJOl 100 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Mrs. Hannah Richards, summer of 1811, was teaching in West Dedham. She was the wife of Moses Richards ; died in 1827, aged 42. A Mr. Gould was the teacher of the Mill School three months, 1810-11 ; but nothing more definite is found. The Clapboardtrees School had two teachers in the sum- mer of 1811, Roxa and Mary Whiting. The first was the daughter of Abner and Loacada, born Jan. 29, 1789, and married Capt. Aaron Bakci', Nov. 4, 1812. She died Feb. 29, 1852, at the age of 63. The second was the daughter of Paul and Mary, born Oct. 18, 1793. Other facts concerning her are wanting. Thaddeus Whiting, whose history, previous or subsequent, we have not been able to trace, taught the Westfield School in the winter of 1811-12. Fanny Bacon taught in West Dedham, 1812. The winter schools in South Dedham were instructed in 1810-11 and 1813-14, by Mr. Jesse Pierce, soon after known as Colonel Pierce, of Stoughton, the son of Jesse and Catherine (Smith) Pierce of that town, born Nov. 7, 1788. Being a diligent student he had acquired a good education in the com- mon schools of Stoughton, and after some success in teaching, he added to his qualifications by a short course of study in the Taunton Academy under the tuition of the Rev. Simeon Dog- gett, a graduate of Brown University in 1788. He first taught school in Stoughton, then alternating, probably, with those in Dedham, and arranging his terms accordingly ; and afterwards taught the West School of Milton three years, and the school on Milton Hill two years. In 1816 he was commissioned Colonel of the Second Regiment, Second Brigade and First Division of the Massachusetts Militia. In 1819 he opened a private school in Milton, on the Bay Road near the Lower Mills Village, which continued five years and was attended by many who became well known citizens. In 1824 he married Miss Eliza S. Lillie, of Milton, and removed to Stoughton. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETPS 101 He immediately opened a private school for boys at his own house, which he continued till 1829, when he finally relinquished teaching, and gave his attention to his farm, and such miscellane- ous work as conveyancing and the settlement of estates. He represented Stoughton in the legislature six years, and was active in the debate of many important questions. He removed from Stoughton in 1849 to the Lower Mills Village in Dor- chester, where he spent the remainder of his life, occupyino" the house which was in 1890 the residence of his eldest son, the Hon. Henry L. Pierce. He died Feb. 3, 1856, and an obituary of him justly says : " He was for many years a distinguished teacher, and numbers among his pupils many men who now occupy prominent positions in public life. He was a man of strict integrity, high-minded and honorable, and universally beloved and respected in all the various relations of life." Col. Pierce left two sons: the Hon. Henry Lillie Pierce, best known, perhaps, as a former mayor of Boston ; and the Hon. Edward Lillie Pierce, whose Life of Charles Sumner is a work of rare excellence. Hannah Ferry, said to be of Milton, was the teacher of the Second Middle School nineteen and two thirds weeks in the summer of 1813, at seven and six pence (11.25) per week. This, with board, was the customary price for female teachers at that day. Rufus Mills, of Needhatu, began to teach in the Westfield District 1812-13, and continued in the Mill School, 1813-14 and 1815-16. He was the son of Samuel and Esther (Kings- bury) Mills, born May 10, 1792. He married in 1821, Sarah Eames, daughter of Rev. Stephen Palmer. He learned the printer's art in the office of the Dedham Gazette, when Judge Metcalf was its editor. The Needham Chronicle of July 27, 1878, says: "In some respects he was a remarkable man, well preserved, companionable and courteous. And although the snows of four score years and ten had passed over his head, yet from his erect carriage and active movements, as he passed 102 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS L throuo'h our streets less than a year aijo, it was hard to convince ■one unac(juainted with him, tliat lie was more than sixty, so remarkably did he bear his age." He died in July, 1878. Dr. Dan forth Phipjos Wi<>ht began to teach in Westfield District in 1813, and had charge of the Second Middle School in 1817-18. He was the son of Rev. Ebcnezer Wight, born Feb. 8, 171)2, graduated at Harvard 1815, began the practice of medi- cine in Barnstable, Mass., and returned to Dedham in 1842, where he died June 8, 1874. He was deeply interested in his- tory and genealogy, and published an account of the Wight Pamil}^ in 1848. At his suggestion, John Langdon Sibley undertook the work which resulted in his " Harvard Graduates." Dr. Wight was also active in the cause of education, and rendered <2,ood service in the establishment of the Hio-h School in Dedham. He was president of the Dedham Hist. Soc. 18G5-()8, and was the author of many interesting papers which he read at its meetings. ]VIuch more might be said of his virtues and his work. Shiiih Battle, so his name appears in the onl}^ record I find, was master in the same school 1812-13. The Mill School was taught by Luther Paul in the winter of 1812-lo. He was the son of Ebcnezer and Abigail, born in Dedham July 5, 1793, and became a resident in Newton, where he spent his days in agricultural pursuits. The teacher in Westfield District, 1812, was Abigail Bul- lard, of whom we are able to give no very definite information. She was probably a sister of Willard Bullard, and a native of the district. About 1813, John R. Cotting taught the Second Middle School, and afterwards became a lay reader in the Protestant Episcopal Church. His father at that time lived on the spot where Mrs. Albert Hale's house now stands, 1904. Eliza Newell was evidently an excellent teacher, as she was entrusted with the care of the West Dedham children five OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 103 long summers of 20 or more weeks in 1813, '14, '15, '16 and '17. She also taught the winter school of 1815-10. Abigail Bigelow taught the Summer School in Westfield District, 1813. Pliny Whitney taught at West Dedham in the winter of 1813-14. He was the son of Samuel and Thankful (Wilder) Whitney, born Nov. 13, 1787 ; married Caroline Dean at Mt. Vernon, N. H., Oct. 23, 1823, and resided at Milford, N. H. Before 1800 Private Schools began to be maintained in Dedham village. The following obituary notice refers to one who was instrumental in giving such schools their good reputa- tions : "1814. Feb. 3. Died Mrs. Elizabeth Cranch, yE. 60. for many years an eminent teacher of a Young Ladies' Academy." Capt. Elijah Tucker of Milton made a good record as a teacher in Dedham. He began at Low Plain in 1814, con- tinued in the Clapboardtrees, 1816-17, 1818-19; in East Street, 1826-7 ; again in Clapboardtrees, 1827-8 and 1828-9. He lived to be over ninety years of age. Justin W. Clark and Avery Rawson carried through the winter school in West Dedham, 1814-15 ; the former six, and the latter ten weeks. Of neither can we give any further information. We find Deborah Dean teaching the Clapboardtrees School in 1814. We suppose she was the daughter of Samuel H. and Deborah, born Jan. 20, 1790 ; and that she married Samuel A. Gerould of Keene, N. H., May 3, 1820. Such is the record of Rev. William Cogswell. Joanna Whiting was mistress in the Mill School, 1814. Samuel Fairbanks Avas master there, 1814-15. He may have been from Newton ; and if so, was probably married by Mr. Cogswell to Miss Hannah Jackson, April 16, 1818. if mistakes are made in respect to the teachers of this period, it will not be because the records are over-abundant. 104 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS As the aged persons who could give trustworthy information died several years ago, the reader must not be too exacting. Miss Sarah Hannah Boies Alleyne was a teacher in the Second Middle School for a short term in 1814. She was the daughter of Abel and Anna (Chase) Alleyne, born in Milton, Mass. ; was educated in Dedham schools, and married Mr. Frederick Beck, a merchant of Boston, Jan. 2, 1816 ; went to reside at 68 Warrenton Street, and there lived till she died at the age of seventy years and was buried in Forest Hills Cemetery. Colburn Ellis was teaching in Westfield District in 1814- 15 and 1818-19, and afterwards in the Low Plain district. He was the son of George and Mary (Gay) Ellis, born Feb. 6, 1792, and married^ Lucy Ellis, of Walpole, March 11, 1815; spent his life in West Dedham, and held many town offices. He died June 15, 1864. In 1818 the Second Middle School was in charge of Lucinda Alden, daughter of Paul and Rebecca Alden. She married Sauveur Francis Bonfils, of Newport, R. I., June 20, 1819. Miss Alden had taught in the Westfield School in 1814 ; and in the First Middle in 1817. In the summer of 1815 the mistress of the Westfield School was Nancy Dana of Watertown. In the year 1827 she be- came the wife of John Burrage, Jr., of Quincy. Samuel M. Worcester, D. D., of Salem, while a member of Harvard College, from which he graduated in 1822, taught the Centre School one winter. I write this on the authority of the late Miss Elizabeth Skillings, who attended his school. He was a tutor and professor in Amherst College, and Pastor of the Tabernacle Church in Salem, Mass.-, from 1834 to 1860. He died in Salem, Aug. 16, 1866. Abigail Prentice, the daughter of the Rev. Thomas Pren- tice of Medfield, taught the West Dedham School in 1815, and the Second Middle School in the summer of 1819. She was united in marriage to Capt Jeremiah Baker of West Dedham, OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 105 June 2, 1822, as his third wife. Mrs. Baker died Oct. 31, 1848, aged 57 years. Fanny Baker was paid for teaching nine weeks in West Dedham, 1815. Rev. Seth Chapin was born in Meriden, in 1796; graduated at Brown University in 1808 ; settled in the ministry at Hillsborough, N. H., Jan. 1, 1812. He resigned June 26, 1816, and turned his attention to teaching. For three winters he was employed in the Mill School, according to the record, "seventy-one days at seventy-one dollars." Afterwards he was a pastor in Hanover, Mass., then in New York, and last in West Granville, Mass. He died in 1850. In the winter of 1816-17 the Second Middle School was instructed three months by Daniel Saunders BuUard of Sher- born. He was the youngest son of Nathaniel and Mary (Saunders) Bullard of Needham, graduated at Brown Univer- sity in 1817, and was living in Andover in 1886. In 1817, during the summer, a school was maintained on Dedham Island by the Second Middle District " According to a vote." The total expense of it was $25. "Of this amount $7.58 was paid to the teacher, $11 .75 to Josiah Smith for board ; $3.33 to Ez'k'l Kingsbury for room, $1.50 to James Farrington for wood, 84 cents for horse and chaise hire." What school- mistress rode in the chaise was not recorded. At "the time of the Great Gale of September 23, 1815, James Foord was teaching in the brick schoolhouse of the First Middle district. The windows were open, or were blown open, and many of the books were carried out by the wind. Thus runs the tradition, and we find no reason to doubt its truth. Mr. Foord had graduated the year before at Brown University, and was doubtless teaching to earn the means for continuing his studies. By such work in Roxbury and other towns he had defraj'cd the charges of his preparatory and collegiate educa- tion. He studied law with Judge Metcalf in Dedham, and w^ith Governor Morton in Taunton. In 1819 he settled in Fall River, 106 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHEKS and spent there the remainder of his long, useful and honored life. He was the son of James and Hannah (Blake) Foord of Milton, born Aug 3, 1784; married Dorcas Adams in 1824; and she dying in 1840, he married Mrs. Hannah Weaver in 1842 ; edited the Fall River Monitor twenty-five years ; was mayor of Fall River, and held many other public offices, and continued hi.. /)rofessional labors till a few days before his death, which occurred July 27, 1873. About 1818 the East Street School was taught by Nathaniel Smith. He was the son of Nathaniel and Nancy (Aiers) Smith, born in Dedham, where he married Miss Betsey Foord June 14, 1821. He occupied and cultivated the farm inherited from his father, on which he died Nov. 1, 1861, aged 73 years, 9 months and 9 days. He did not desire public office, but was sometimes elected an assessor ; he was, however, widely respected for his intelligence and integrity. Miles T. Gardner for several years, beginning about 1816, taught a private school in Dedham in the house now occupied by Mrs. Thomas L. Wakefield. It was well patronized by the leading citizens, but no dates of its beginnino; and ending are attainable. In the Dedham records we find this publishment : " 1838. Ap. 22. Mr. Miles T. Gardner of Dedham and Miss Martha Cotting of West Cambridge." Frank Battelle taught in Mill Village, 1816-17: and Emery Fisher, in West Dedham the same winter. The latter was born in Palmer ; married Bathsheba , of Yarmouth. Clapboardtrees had Mrs. Fisher Starr for school-mistress summer of 1816. Who was Mrs. Fisher Starr? This record of publishment is found : " Mr. Fisher Starr of Dedham and Miss Hannah Soper of Milton, Aug 26, 1814." He was the son of Samuel and Elizabeth, born Sept. 10, 1789. Also in 1816 the Mill School was taught by Mrs. Nancy Emery. Who was Mrs Nancy Emery? Rev. Joshua Bates seems to have been instrumental in determining her name. Here is the record : " Mr. George Emery of Dedham and Miss OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 107 Nancy Mcintosh of Dorchester, May 8, 1816." Thus Mrs. Emery, in spendino: tha first summer of her married life teach- ing school, imitated Mrs. Richard Ellis, the centenarian ; but we have no proof that she lengthened her life thereby. Polly Richards, supposed to be the daughter of Eliakim and Lydia, born Aug. 27, 1778, taught Westficld three sum- mers, 1816, '17 and '18. But Dr. Lamson, on June 5, 1822, pronounced her the wife of Calvin Howe of Watertown, Mass. Henry Fiske, perhaps from Wrentham, instructed West Dedham children in the winter of 1816-17. About this time, we cannot fix the exact date, Loretta Sweet of Attleboro began to teach in Dedham, and continued for eight or ten years. She also taught in Providence, R. I., Waltham, Mass., and other places ; in all 28 years. Finally her nervous system became disordered, and she found a home in an asjdum at Worcester. During her residence there. Governor Banks on a visit to the institution, recognized her as his former teacher, gave her the credit of "starting him on the road to learning," and, on bidding her good-by, left ton dollars in her hand. James Hayward was master in the Second Middle Dist. about 1816, and Josiali Caldwell from Ipswich a little later. Nothing else has been ascertained concerninij them. In 1817 a master by the name of Smith in the Second Middle School was dismissed for reckless conduct in "throwing things " at his pupils. One bov was wounded ; and this caused Mr. Martin Bates, the boy's guardian, to enter the schoolroom and protest in the presence of the scholars. This incident was described to me by a member of the school after she was ninety years old. Isaac Morrill, son of Dr. Morrill of Natick, continued the school nine weeks to complete the winter term. Dolly F. Curtis had charge of the Mill School 12 weeks in 1820. Richard Greene Parker, H. C. 1817, soon after leaving 108 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS college began to teach in the Centre School. He was the son of Bishop Parker and was the author of several excellent school text-books. His "Aids to English Composition," "Natural Philosophy," " Outlines of History," and " Geographical Ques- tions " were extensively used and passed through many editions. He spent most of his life as a teacher in Boston, residing several years in Dedham, and occupying Lilac Lodge, the estate front- ing the church green and opposite the Judge Haven mansion. Among the reminiscences of his teaching one of his pupils re- calls the fact that while he was absent for his nooning, some rogues used to borrow from his desk the letters which he had written to the prospective Mrs. Parker, and read them aloud to the company which lunched in the schoolroom. As Mr. Par- ker was the master of a good style, we may reasonably infer that many a love-letter, written afterwards in Dedham, was much improved by the influence of these purloined models of a style not discussed in "Parker's Aids to English (Jomposi- tion." He was born in Boston, Dec. 25, 1798 ; died in Wal- tham, Sept. 25, 1869. Horatio Gates Wheaton, a graduate of Brown University in 1820, taught the winter school in West Dedham, 1817-18. He died in 1824. The same winter the Mill School was in the care of Jeremiah Capen. In Clapboardtrees, 1817, the teacher was P^iizabcth Whi- ting, daughter of Calvin and Elizabeth of Dodham, born Nov. 4, 1793, and married to Col. Eaton Whiting of West Dedham, Jan. 2, 1820. She died Jan 10, 1821, and her virtues were fitly portrayed in a poem by her devoted friend, the wife of her pastor, the Rev. John White. Elizabeth Alden taught the Second Middle School in the summer of 1817. She was the daughter of Paul and Rebecca (Newell) Alden, born in Newton, Oct. 14, 1798, and a descend- ant of John Alden, the pilgrim. Aug. '22, 1820, she married Amasa Hewins, who, at that time, Avas engaged in trade in OF DEDHAM. MASSACHUSETTS 109 Dedham Village. He soon removed to Boston where he became well known as an artist. Of their nine children seven were living in 1898. She died in Dedham, Oct. 1862. In 1817 Miss Rebecca Alden received $33 for teaching in the Second Middle District. She was the daughter of Paul and Rebecca (Newell) Alden, born in Newton, April 6, 1802, and was united in marriage to Moses Gragg in Dedham, Jan 6, 1820. She died in Roxbury, Dec. 1, 18()5, leaving to mourn her loss, her husband and all their ten children. In theWestfield District Jesse Ellis was the teacher 1817-18, the son of Joel and Azubali, born 1790. He married Julia Dean, Sept. 'Hi, 1822. Their children were, tTulia D., John, Caroline, Alfred and Joel. John Parsons kept school in West Dedham three winters, 1818 to 1821, evidently a meritorious teacher; but what other creditable work he did in this world we can not state. Julia Adams taught for 14 weeks in the same school, sum- mer of 1819. Cynthia Whiting, mistress of the Mill School in the sum- mer of 1818, daughter of Aaron and Hannah (Mason) Whit- ing, was born April 8, 1791, died Feb. 6, 1841. Benjamin Gay was master of the Westfield winter school, 1818-19, '19-20 and '21-22, and Elizabeth Gay was mistress there, 1819 and 1820, of the summer schools. The primary department of the First Middle School in 1818 and 1819 was under the care of Miss Rebecca Damon. She soon afterwards opened a store in Dedham Village, and in 1833 became the second wife of Elisha Mackintosh, her sister Nancy succeeding her in the store. In the winter of 1818-19 the Second Middle School was taught by John Dix Fisher. He was the son of Aaron and Lucy (Steadman) Fisher of Needham, born March 27, 1797; graduated at Brown University 1820 ; took his medical degree at Harvard in 1825 ; continued his medical studies in Europe; and soon after his return conceived the idea of an institution 110 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS for the instruction of the blind which finally re^sultcd in " The Perkins Institution and Massachusetts School for the Blind." In 1829 he published a volume on the small pox full)^ illus- trated. He was the physician of the Perkins Institution, and a trustee for twenty years from 1830 to 1850. He died in Boston, March 3, 1850. Miss Julia Lindley taught in West Dedham, in 1818 ; and in the Clapboardtrees School in 1825. She subsequently gave her attention to millinery and dressmaking. She died in West Dedham, March 20, 1842, aged 46. She led a useful life and was much respected. Mary Ellis was a popular teacher in West Dedham from 1818 to 1829, teaching there seven summers. She was the daughter of Abner and Mary Ellis, born Feb. 20, 1800 ; and married Theodore Gay, 2d, in 1833. She died Dec. 13, 1882. Barnum Field, a graduate of Brown University in 1821, taught school in the South Parish two winter terms, 1819-20 and 1820-21, according to one who was his pupil there. Mr. Field died in 1851. Marj' Dean taught in CIai)boardtrees the summer of 1818. We susi)ect this is her record b}' Rev. Mr. Coggswell : '' Dec. 14, 1825. Dca. Dean Chickering to Miss Marj^ Dean, both of Dedham." It is possible, however, that she married ]Mr. Ellis Morse of Walpolc, Jul}^ 23, 1820. Her descendants must solve the doubt. The treasurer of the Mill District paid A. Capen for teach- ing the winter school 1818-19. Xo other account of him has been found. John Fessenden, the son of Thomas and Lucy (Lee) Fes- senden of Lexington, and a graduate of Harvard College, the first scholar in the class of 1818, was in charge of the Second Middle School in the winter of 1819-20. He graduated from the Cambridge Divinity School in 1821 ; was a tutor in Har- vard College, 1825-27 : and in 1830 settled in the ministry at Deerfield, Mass. He was united in marriage to Miss Nancy OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS HI Baker of Dcdham, Oct. 24, 1830, and came to reside in Ded- ham in 1840. About 1842 he opened ajprivate school which was continued several years in Dedham Village. For many years he was an efficient member of the School Committee, and an active promoter of the High School in its early days. He died May 11, 1881, aged 77. Miss Elizabeth Foord took charge of the primary depart- ment of the Village School in 1819, probably for two years. She became Mrs. Nathaniel Smith June 14, 1821, and spent her remaining days in Dedham, where her descendants are well known and esteemed. Rev. Jonathan Farr, H. C. 1818, was the schoolmaster in the Second Middle District soon after his graduation. He was born in Harvard Sept. 20, 1790, and died June 12, 1845. Amelia White spent two summers in charge of the Clap- boardtrees School, 1819 and 1820. Timothy M. Mann conducted the same school three winters, 1819 to 1821, which proves his popularity. Asa Gowen taught iil the upper room of the First Middle School in 1819. Pie advertised for a class in penmanship from 11 to 12 o'clock, and from 4 to 5. Whether his was a private school or not, I have not been able to determine. At this period, if we may judge from the pupil's reports, and certainly they ought at the age of eighty to report truly, there was in the Dedham schools much strictness of discipline, and not a little sev^erity of punishment. A lady who was a pupil in a summer school about 1820, says that she had a little cousin visiting her, and as was a common practice she took her to the school, and childlike they whispered to each other. For this offence the teacher tied them both to her chair by the thumbs and kept them there an hour or more. Another lady assured me that it was the custom of one of her teachers to hang small boys out of the window, making them fast by letting the sash rest down on their bricks heavily enough to hold them securely. The long and heavy ruler was by some teachers carried in the hand U'2 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS constantly, and so became a ready instrument of punishment and torture. But on the whole, probably, the habit of obedience acquired in school more than compensated for the occasional discomfort which the pupils suflered. It should not be forgotten that young persons need nuicli more restraint when surrounded by their mates than when they are alone. Especially are boys easily led by a multitude into evil ways, and then it is necessary to use decisive measures to save them from ruin. But rewards as well as punishments were used to secure good order and improvement in learning. The " Reward of Merit " and the " Medal " were thought to be valuable helps to the teacher. The silver quarter, half-dollar, or dollar even hung around the neck of the bright one that stood at the head of the class in spelling. It made a pleasing variety when there was a daily change, the one at the head to-day going to the foot to- morrow. Young eyes shone when rivals " got up " one or more on their way to the head of the class. Somebody at last dis- covered, or thought he did, that " getting up to the head" fos- tered emulation, and now we see but little rivalry in our schools. "Whether the cause of learninor has gained bv the chaniic is a debatable question. About 1820 Enos Foord taught a private school in Ded- ham. lie was the son of James and Hannah (Blake) Foord, born in Milton, Oct. 21, 179G. He ni;u-ried Elizabeth Daven- port and resided in Dedham, where he was Register of Deeds for Norfolk County forty years, 1821 to IS'ol, and secretary and treasurer of the Dedham Institution for Savings ten years, 1834 to 1844. One brother and four sisters of Mr. Foord were teachers in the Dedham public schools. He was a man of decided opinions, and his influence in public affairs was both conserva- tive and progressive. All real improvements found in him an active supporter, mere novelities received from him little favor. His most useful life ended April 22, 18G1. Samuel Tvler of Foxboro was the teacher of the Second OF DEDIIAM, MASSACHUSETTS 113 Middle School about 1820. lie was the brother of Mrs. Gen. Guild, which accounts for his coming to Dedhara. Joshua Fales of Dedham was the master of the East Street School in 1820-21. He married Polly Bussey, May 2G, 1812 ; was a captain in the war of 1812. He married Harriet Tucker of Milton, Aug. 4, 1822 ; was chorister in the Unitarian Church forty years, and deacon in the same church ; was a representa- tive in the Legislature six years, also for some years selectman and school committee. He died April 26 they made their home in East Barnard, Vt., where they resided in 187(5. Mr. Boyden was a member of the Legislature of Vermont 1872 and 1873." Edward Rogers taught the Westfield School six months, 1842-3. He was the son of John William and Martha (Farrar) Rogers, born in Boston, May 27, 1822; graduated at Dart^ mouth College in 1842 ; read law with Charles Theodore Rus- sell of Boston two years ; at Harvard University Law School one year; practised law at Webster, Mass.,' 1845 to 1855 ; re- 156 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS moved to Chicago in Sept., 1855, and died there June 21,1856. He married Charlotte Amelia, daughter of Col. William Barron at Norwich, Vt., Oct. 15, 1851. In the winter of 1842-3 Silas Morrison Blanchard tausfht the school atReadville, having graduated at Dartmouth College the summer before. He continued teaching four years at an academy in Hancock Co., Va., and two in Pembroke, X. H. He studied divinity one year at a Theological Seminary in Co- lumbia, S. C, and graduated at Andover Theological Seminary in 1849. Ordained in 1853, he preached at Chichester, N. H., '52-'57; Bath, N. H., '57-'58 ; Wentworth, N. H., '60-'66 ; Hudson, N. H., '67-'68. He was the son of Benjamin Blanch- ard of Windham, N. H., born March 9, 1820, and died in 1888 at Hudson. John William Bacon of Natick, then a senior in Harvard College, was master of the South Dedham School in the winter of 1842-3. He was then twenty-four years of age and after his graduation taught for a short time in the English High School of Boston. In 184(5 he was admitted to the Bar of Middlesex Co. and practised law in his native town fourteen years, being a member of the State Senate from 1859 to 1862. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Boston Municipal Court on its establishment, July 2, 1866, and in 1871 he was made an associate justice of the Superior Court of the State of Mas- sachusetts. While holding court at Taunton he died suddenly, March 21, 1888, having completed faithfully and honorably the allotted term of human life. Benjamin Bird Fuller of Dover, having previousl}' taught in Sherborn, took charge of the Mill School Dec. 28, 1842. He taught it five months and began the next winter term : but two months later his health failed and he went home to die. A letter from him to a brother teacher, dated Jan., 1843, gives some interesting facts showing the character of his school. He had 55 pupils ; all studied arithmetic, forming five classes. These classes and a half hour devoted to writing by forty OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 157 pupils filled the three morning hours. In the afternoon session all read in four classes, and all were taught spelling in three classes. In English grammar there were also three classes, and two in geography. He was also required to teach United States History, Natural Philosophy and Geometry ; and fifteen wrote compositions once in two weeks. Such school-teaching was no sinecure ; it was doubtless too severe a tax on Mr. Fuller's constitution. He was born in Dublin, N. H., Dec. 25, 1822, the son of Ira and Hannah (Bird) Fuller, and was edu- cated at the Bridgewater Normal School and the Phillips An- dover Academy. He died in Dover, Jan. 15, 1844. Of the many private schools of Dedham the one of longest continuance was taught by Emily Charlotte Hodges, who began her labors as an assistant to Miss Hoffman in 1843, and soon after became sole manager of the school and continued it suc- cessfully till 1871. She enjoyed the patronage of many families and gave her pupils an excellent training for more ad- vanced studies. She is a native of Dedham, the daughter of Charles and Mary Taylor (Farrington) Hodges, and now re- sides in Boston. Many persons in Dedham have a grateful re- membrance of their school days under her faithful and judicious care. At the opening of the winter term, 1843-4, George A. Sawyer took charge of the First Middle School and held the position till the end of the summer term of 1844. He next taught a school in West Roxburv, probably till he became a teacher in the Dwight School of Boston in 1838, where he re- mained about three years. In 1857 we find him associated with Matthew P. Spear in the management of a Commercial School at 96 Tremont Street. A few years later he was in sole charge of such a school at 161 Tremont Street, Boston, having; his residence in Dorchester. From the Boston direc- tory of 1891 we learn that " George A. Sawyer, Teacher, died at 212 Centre Street, Dorchester, Oct. 27, 1890." Harvey Allen taught the Second Middle School sixteen 158 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS weeks, at six dollars a week, in the winter of 1843-4. Careful inquiry concerning him has secured no additional facts. In the winter of 1843-4 Mr. I. A. Goodwin Avas the teacher in the South district of the South Parish. Aimer ia E. Fitz of Salisbury had charge of the Readville School two summers and one winter, 1843-4. She then at- tended the Normal School at West Newton, graduating in Jan- uary, 1847. Resuming her position at Readville, she was there in 1847, 8 and 9. Her work was highly commended in the report of the school committee, and a year or two later they alluded to her recent death. The Mill School in 1843 had Mary Ann Tinkham in charge of the primary department: in 1844 she was succeeded by Caroline R. Wiley. Three pleasant primary summer schools, 1843, 4 and 5, in West Dedham, were in charge of Mary Jane Fisher, the daughter of Jabez and Persis (Howes) Fisher of that parish. She was born March 20, 1826, and received her education in the public and private schools near her home in which the Rev. John White and other friends of education were much inter- ested. Her teaching is still pleasantly remembered, and the "Rewards of Merit" received from her are cherished memen- tos. She was united in marriage to Ezra Southworth Jackson in South Boston, June 14, 1866, and since that time has always resided at Forest Hills. She mentions the curious fact, that for her sixty-seven weeks of teaching she received one hundred fifty-seven dollars. When a student at Phillips Academy, Andover, in 1843, George Ellery Clarke came to teach the winter school in Mill Village. He also had charge of the East Street School two winters, beginning in the autumn of 1845. He was born in Needham, Oct. 30, 1822, the son of Lewis and Hannah (Kings- bury) Clarke. He graduated at Williams College in 1851, and at first devoted himself larofely to teachinc:, and the towns of Needham, Newton, and Falmouth received the benefit of his OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 159 labors. In 1856 he married Achsali Shiverick of Falmouth, where he engaged in banking ; and from 1873 to 1889 was cashier of the Falmouth National Bank. In 1890 and 1891 he represented the First Barnstable district in the State Legisla- ture. In 1898 he resided in Falmouth. In the winter of 1843-4 the Readville School was in charge of James Parker Treadwell. He was the son of Captain Moses and Lydia Bowes (Parker) Treadwell of Ipswich, born June 25, 1817. It maybe interesting to those who remember his infirmity to know that " when he was eight years old he was accidentally shot by a cousin, and it became necessary to am- putate the wounded leg." He was an uncommonly studious person ; and it is remembered by his pupils that he devoted a part of the school time to his own studies, and his late hours, devoted to books, sometimes disturbed the quiet of the house- hold where he boarded. He entered Harvard in 1840, but did not graduate with his class, being absent during the senior year because he had published in his junior year contrary to the expressed wishes of the Faculty an edition of a poem styled "The Rebelliad." Subsequently, however, he received his degree as of the class of 1844. Admitted to the Suffolk Bar in 1850, he went to California in 1852, and there in the practice of the law attained distinction ; and partly by this practice, partly by transactions in real estate, amassed a large fortune. He died Dec. 27, 1884, leaving a widow, two sons and three daughters. John Dexter Sherman of South Lincoln taught in the First Middle School the autumn term of 1843, having been rec- ommended by his predecessor, Mr. Mowry, who had known him at Holliston Academy. He was the son of John and Lucy (Baker) Sherman of Lincoln, born March 22, 1810. He taught schools in Lincoln, Sudbury, Waltham and Watertown ; and finally devoted himself to agricultural pursuits in his native town. He never married, but devoted himself largely to the welfare of other men's families by twenty-five years of ap- 160 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS proved service as Town School Committee. His fellow citizens showed their faith in his fidelity and honesty by choosing him their collector of taxes for the same length of time, from 1852 to 1877. Mr. Sherman died Feb. 2, 1892. In the smiimer of 1843 Frances Maria Baker began her work as a teacher in the Westfield District. She continued to teach in the primary department of the Second Middle in the winter of 1843-4 ; in the West School of Dover, summer of 1844; then in the Second Middle again till 1849. She then spent a year at the West Newton Normal School under the in- struction of the Rev. Cyrus Pierce. The summer of 1850 she taught in Attleboro ; then a year in the First Middle primar}'- ; and another year, 1860-1, in South Dedham. Her last and longest term of service was in the Grammar department of the Second Middle District, from 1862 till June, 1875. In all her schools Miss Baker secured cheerful and effective study, and her pupils are always ready to express their gratitude for her thorough instruction. She is the daughter of John and Patty Ellis Baker, her father having been for nine years Sheriff of Norfolk County. She resides in Dedham in the house where her father lived, and which has been her home since 1830. Two summer terms, 1843 and 1844, the West Dedham Grammar School was instructed by Caroline Partridge whose pleasant memory is still cherished by her pupils. She was born in Sherborn, June 16, 1819, the daughter of Henry and Anna (Babcock) Partridge, her father being of the sixth gen- eration from John Partridge of Medfield, her mother of the sixth from Robert Babcock of Milton. She was united in mar- riage to the Rev. Daniel W. Stevens, Unitarian clergyman, of Mansfield ; and died Dec. 28, 1849. Her monument is in Medfield, and bears this inscription: "Vera amicitia est sempiterna." In 1843 Eliza Ann Richards taught in the Second Middle School twenty-nine weeks prior to Sept. 17. At that date she left her school on account of illness and died Oct. 17 in her OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 161 twenty-first year. She was the daughter of Lemuel and Eliza (Lyon) Richards, born Feb. 11, 1823. The circumstances of her early death awakened much public sympathy as well as private grief. Gustavus Adolphus Somerby was in charge of the West Dedham School during the winter of 1844-5. He was the son of Samuel and Hannah (George) Somerby of Newbury, Mass., and studied his profession with Judge Edward Mellen of Way- land, where he practised law till 1852. He then removed to Waltham and for six years more held his position amid the powerful rivalry of the Middlesex bar which at that day in- cluded men whom it required courage as well as knoAvledge of the law to encounter. In 1858 he opened an office in Boston where he soon became one of the strongest criminal lawyers of the time ; but in achieving his marvelous success, he overtasked his strength and ruined his health. He died at South Fram- ingham, July 24, 1879. Among tlie early Normal Teachers employed in Dedham was Elbridge Clapp, who taught in the Readville District three successive winters beginning in 1844. He is the son of Sam- uel and Abigail (Paul) Clapp, born in Sharon and educated in the public schools of that town, in Wrentham Academy, and the Bridge water Normal School. He was a successful teacher; but evidentl}'^ preferred other business and soon engaged in trade, first in West Dedham and a little later in Quincy, of which city he is now a resident. In 1849, Sept. 5, Mr. Clapp was united in marriage to Miss Martha Hewins of Sharon. William H. Hews was master of the South Dedham School two winters, 1843-4 and 1844-5. Another teacher, name not given, is said to have begun the term of 1844-5, which Mr. Hews completed to the entire satisfaction of the committee. On the twenty-eighth day of March, 1844, Humphrey Webster received of Mr. James Griggs, Com. and Treas., 100 dollars for teaching the Second Middle School four months. 1(32 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHEKS He was the son of Matthew P. and Nancy (Calef) Webster, born in Salisbury, New Hampshire, Feb. 19, 1821. As his birthplace indicates, he was said to be a relative of the Hon. Daniel Webster. He graduated at Dartmouth College in 1844, and continued to teach in the towns of Springfield and Worces- ter. He married Eliza Hamilton, the daughter of Lucius A. Emery of West Newbmy, Nov. 29, 1853. He soon after re- moved to Maborn, North Carolina, where he had a plantation when the War of the Rebellion broke out. He died in 1866. His relation to the Hon. Daniel Webster is thus described by C. C. Webster of Salisbury Heights, N. H. : "Humphrey was the son of Matthew C, the son of Humphrey, the son of John, the cousin of Ebenezer, the father of Hon. Daniel." Soon after graduating at Harvard College in 1844, Charles James Capen began to teach as master of the First Middle School. In 1849 he opened a private High and Classical School on Church Street. Two years later, 1851, at a considerable pecuniary sacrifice he relinquished this enterprise, to accept the first mastership of the Dedham High School ; and after one year's service in this position he was appointed Usher in the Boston Latin School where he had been fitted for college. He became Sub-master in 1867, and Master in 1870. Since enter- ing upon his work of instruction in Boston, he has not been absent from a single session on account of any disability ; or even tardy, unless detained by delays of the rail-cars. To fitly describe the quality of his school work would be useless, even were it possible ; thousands will never forget it, or fail to appreciate it. During all this, more than half a century of teaching in schools, he has been a devotee of music, and has never refused his services when they have been sought by friendship or charity. He has been his own teacher in this art, never having " taken lessons " from any one ; but he has been himself a teacher of the piano and organ from 1840 to the present time. At the age of sixteen he began to play the organ for Sunday services, and during his college course was the OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 163 organist of a church in AYest Cambridge, now Arlington. He was organist and director of music for the Unitarian Society in Dedham nearly forty years, and organist for the Orthodox Society seven years ; for more than thirty years he has directed the music and played the organ for the Sunday morn- ing religious services in the Norfolk County Jail and House of Correction. Mr. Capen has always taken a commendable interest in public affairs and for over thirty j^ears has been a Justice of the Peace. He is the son of Rev. Lemuel and Mary Ann (Hunting) Capen, and was born in South Boston, April 5, 1823. He was joined in marriage to Lucy Richmond Seaver, of Dedham, April 26, 1848 : and to Caroline Elizabeth Guild, of the same town, June 28, 1883. Residing in Dedham, he is still, 1905, punctual in his daily duties in the Boston Latin School. Jeremiah Brown taught the Clapboardtrees School during the winter of 1844-5. He was the son of John and Sarah (Gregg) Brown of Bradford, N. H., born Sept. 6, 1814; graduated at Dartmouth College in 1840 ; taught school at Marriott's Heights, Maryland, 1840-41 ; studied medicine one year with Dr. Ames of Bradford ; read law with Hon. Mason W. Tappan of Bradford about three years, devoting his win- ters to teaching in Massachusetts ; finished his law studies with Hon. Ezra Wilkinson of Dedham ; opened an office there ; after two years removed to Boston and continued in the practice of his profession till his death in 1881. Mary Jane Fuller taught the Walpole Corner School in 1844. She was young and musical, and having detained one of the boys in the schoolroom during recess for some misdemeanor, she spent her time there in trying her voice in a new piece of niusic. At the end of the recess the little rogue said to her: "I don't think it's any punishment at all to stay in and hear you sing." Miss Fuller was the daughter of Calvin and Abigail (Rutter) Fuller of Dedham, and was educated chiefly in the private schools of Miles Gardner, Miss Caroline Whit- 164 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHEKS ' ing and Miss Hoffman. She was married to Dr. Joseph Eutter Draper, Nov. 22, 1855 ; resided many years in South Boston, and died in 1901. The primary department of the First Middle School came under the care of Maria Fislier, October 14, 1844 ; and in the autumn of 1846 she took charge of tlie intermediate and con- tinued it till May 14, 1848, when she began to teach in Boston, remaining there till June 14, 1851. Before coming to Dedham she taught in Easton, 1843 ; and in Canton, 1844. On June 15, 1851, she was mari'ied to Edward William Davenport of Mendon, and resided there till 1856, when she removed to the town of Lewis, Cass Co., Iowa. Earnestly solicited by the settlers of that new town, she opened a private school and afterwards became the first public teacher there. Removing to Council Bluffs in 1864, to supply a great want, she entered the public school as teacher for a year ; afterwards taught private classes. In 1878 she became librarian of the Council Bluffs Public Library, resigning in 1894, but continuing a trustee. Mrs. Davenport was, from its organization in 1882, the presi- dent of the first Woman's Club of Council Bluffs, till her return in 1895 to Roxbury, Mass., her present home. She is the daughter of Alexander and Clarissa (Tucker) Fisher, born in Canton, December 6, 1826, and it is evident that her life has been full of efficient service for the communities in which her lot has been cast. The Westfield District School was under the instruction of Charles Grosvenor Goddard two winter terms of six months each, 1844-5, and 1845-6. He was the son of Asahel and Elizabeth (Grosvenor) Goddard, born in Petersham, February 26, 1817; fitted for college at Monson Academy; graduated at Amherst College, 1841, and at East Windsor Theological Institute, 1849 ; was ordained at West Hartford, Ct., June 13, 1850 ; preached 1850 to 1853 ; was principal of the academy at East Windsor Hill, Ct., 1854 to 1856; and preached at West Hartford, Ct., 1856 to 1872. In 1850 he married Anna OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 165 N., daughter of Isaac Palmer Gates of Edwardsborough, C. W. Died at West Hartland August 29, 1872. He was the last of the teachers employed by the Rev. Dr. Burgess to give instruc- tion in the higher studies, such as are generally pursued in academies. In the summer of 1844 the south district of the South Parish was taught by Louisa Tolman, a native of Sharon. She was the daughter of William and Mary (Swift) Tolman, born Dec. 9, 1826, and was educated at East Bridgewater Academy. She first taught in Norton, summer of 1842, also in North Sharon, 1845 and 1847 ; then in West Stoughton, summer of 1847. November 19, 1848, she was married to Charles Jones, of Stoughton, by the Rev. L. R. Phillips of Sharon. She re- sides in Stoughton where in a very pleasant interview the above facts of her history were obtained in 1899. Willard Pratt Plimpton was the teacher for * ' five suc- cessive winter terms of about five months each in Walpole Corner, commencing in 1844." This excellent teacher was the son of Willard and Eunice (Pratt) Plimpton of Foxboro, born May 7, 1821, and was educated in the common schools of his native town and in Holliston Academy. He was married to Clarissa Maria Wight of Med fie Id, Oct. 9, 1851. For about thirty years he was engaged in the wholesale millinery business in Boston. His residence was in West Newton, where he held many positions of trust, and in 1898 was Assistant Assessor for the city of Newton. He died March 23, 1905. The master's assistant in the First Middle School from 1844 to 1846 was Harriette Whitney of Attleboro who grad- uated in Sept., 1841, at the Lexington (now Framingham) State Normal School, of which the Rev. Samuel J. May was the Principal. Miss Whitney was the daughter of Martin and Nancy (Orne) Whitney, born in North Attleboro, Nov. 23, 1816. After studying at Wrentham Academy she taught in her native town and in Pawtucket, R. I. ; but her highest en- joyment of educational work was in Dedham, after a Normal 166 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS traininof and the wise suff2:estions of Mr. Mav enabled her to direct her efforts more wisely. She was married to Otis Stan- ley of North Attleboro, Jan. 6, 1847. Mrs. Stanley carried her high estimate of education into her new home ; and at great self-sacrifice procured for her children its best possible advan- tages, securing for her only son the privileges of a full course of study at Brown University. Mrs. Stanley died at North Attleboro, Feb. 13, 1867, leaving a son and a daughter. About the first of May, 1845, John Wilson was appointed master of the Mill School, a letter of recommendation from Theodore Parker helping him to the position. He was a very quiet, accurate, patient, conscientious and effective teacher. In 1848 he was promoted to the First Middle School and there re- mained till 1857. He then resigned for a position in Water- town which he held till 18G1, when he was placed at the head of the Prescott School in Somerville and taught there till 1883. He was the son of Samuel G. and Margaret (McFarland) Wil- son, born in Edgecomb, Maine, in 1810. He prepared himself for his special work in a Teacher's Seminary, and at the age of nineteen began to apply his ability in the district schools about Edgecomb, and afterwards in Canterbury, N. H. Before coming to Dedhani he had taught in Brookline and Roxbur}^ and in 1836 had married Mary Hooper Smith of Roxbury. About 1890 Mr. Wilson removed from Somerville to reside with his young- est daughter, Mrs. Grace Wilson Peebles, at Storrs, Conn., where he died Nov. 29, 1895, having been a teacher fifty-four years. In the winter of 1845-6 the master of the West Dedham School was eJulius Carroll of South Walpole. He taught in all fourteen winter schools, the first in Mansfield, several terms in South Walpole, and a select school in Foxboro. His academic education was obtained under Master Rice in Holliston, and he was justly esteemed a thorough and acceptable teacher. In 1844 he married Ann Eliza Plimpton of Foxborough. Ceasing to be a teacher, he was for several years a book-keeper in the straw OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 167 works of Foxborough ; then removed to Providence, R. I., and was a milliner there about twenty years. He was the son of Joseph and Asenath (Carpenter) Carroll, born in 1820, and died in 1893. He was fond of poetry and often exercised his talents in composing it for the entertainment or consolation of his friends. Henry Richardson Plimpton was master of the Second Middle School two winters, 1845-6 and 1846-7. He was a thor- ough and faithful teacher and is said to have obtained his posi- tion through the influence of his great uncle, James Richardson, Esq., " once a law partner of Fisher Ames." He was the son of Leonard and Sarah Turner (Lane) Plimpton, born in Med- field, Oct. 8, 1820, and after attending the public schools of that town studied under the direction of his relative, the Rev. James Richardson, Jr., at East Greenwich, R. I. Later he was a student at HoUiston Academy under Master Rice. Then he was a teacher in Wrentham and Walpole. Soon after closing; his school in Dedham he cno;a2f'ed with a brother in the " manufacture of machinery and furniture in Westfield ; a few years later they removed to Boston, and have been well-known there as manufacturers and dealers in fine furniture. He was a man of large inventive ability, and his various inventions were valuable." Mr. Plimpton joined in 1871 the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, an organization to which his emigrant ancestor, John Plimpton of Dedham, belonged as early as 1643. He married Mary E. Sacket, Oct. 14, 1856, and died in Walpole, Aug. 24, 1891, leaving one son and one daughter. Lucretia Jane Guild, the daughter of Joel and Lucretia (Phipps) Guild, taught the South District School of South Dedham two summers, 1845 and 1846. She was born in South Dedham, September 27, 1825, and was a pupil in the private school of Mrs. Martha M. Guild, and later attended the Hol- liston Academy. In the autumn of 1846 she began to teach in Brooklineand continued there nearly five years, which ended 168 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS her experience as a teacher. In 1854, April 19, she was mar- ried to John Newell Smith, of Walpole, where she still resides, her four children all living to contribute to her happiness. Mary Dwinell Chellis had charge of the Second Middle School in the summer of 1845. She was of Goshen, N. H., born Feb. 13, 1826, the daughter of Seth and Myra (Gilbert) Chellis. Her education was received in the Lowell Hisrh School, where she completed the full course of studies. On the 17th of eTune, 1877, she was married to Stephen Francis Lund, of Newport, N. H., where she resided till her death, June 2, 1891. Many years of her life were devoted to author- ship, during which she wrote forty volumes of Sunday school and temperance literature, besides a large number of articles for periodicals, thereby exerting a wide and salutary influence. In 1845 a Miss Bispham had charge of the School at Wal- pole Corner, and her work received the approval of the Town Committee. Amos Fletcher Spalding was master of the West Dedham School during the winter of 1846-7. Pie was the son of Amos and Mary (Warren) Spalding, born in Boston, January 12, 1821 ; prepared for college at an academy in Worcester; graduated from Brown University, 1847 ; from Newton Theo- logical Seminary, 1850; ordained, 1851; pastor in Montreal, Ca., till 1852; in Cambridge till 1856; in Calais, Me., till 1860 ; then ten years in Warren, E. I. In October, 1862, he married in Brookline Caroline Elizabeth Sanderson, and in 1872 removed to Norwich, Conn., and in 1876 to Needham, Mass., w^here he was pastor at the time of his death, which occurred suddenly at the Chelmsford depot, November 30,1877. In the summer of 1846 the grammar department of the West Dedham School was under the care of Eliza Ann Hardinof of Wrentham, the daughter of Col. Lewis and Irene (Harts- horn) Harding. She was well educated in the public schools and Academy of her native town, and for fifteen years was an OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 169 assistant teacher in the Dwi^ht and Everett Schools of Boston. Her last residence was in Cambridge, where she died in 1885. The Walpole Corner School had for its teacher in the summer of 1846 Caroline Buckminster Clarke of Framingham. She is the daughter of Alexander and Mary (Bent) Clark, born Jan. 9, 1823. She was educated chiefly at Framingham Acad- emy : and, before teaching in Dedham, had taught in West- borough tvvo years, and in Framingham three. On the tenth of June, 1847, she was married to Zebina Gleason, H. U. class of 1834; and of this event and her subsequent life she says : ' ' At the time of marriaofe I came as a bride to the house (forty-eight years ago next Monday) where ' I still live.' Facts of interest — to none but myself — grow out of a busy life — busy as a wife and mother ; yet, finding time to keep up my interest in literary pursuits : reading — writing a little — anxious always to retain all I have learned." The long residence thus pleasantly alluded to has been in Westborough, Massachusetts. In the summer of 1846 the Westfield School was in charge of Martha Ingraham Cotton, who had graduated at the West Newton (now Framingham) Normal School the September previous. She was the daughter of John and Caroline (Chitten- den) Cotton, born in Boston. How much of her life she de- voted to teaching, is to me unknown. She died in Boston, April, 1893. Ann E. Page began to teach the primary class of the Mill School in 1846. She graduated from the State Normal School in West Newton, her native town, in Sept., 1845. She left Dedham in 1850. In the catalogue of the Framingham Normal School, published in 1889, her address is given as "Mrs. Samuel Bent, Elmira, N. Y." While she was in Dedham the School Board often found occasion to commend her work. Maria Baker had charge of the primary part of the West Dedham School in 1846. She is the daughter of Obed and Betsey (Metcalf) Baker, born in West Dedham, July 15, 1826. Besides the privileges of the district school, she enjoyed those 170 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHEKS of a Female Seminary at Charlestown. In 1849, April 22, she was joined in marriage to Augustus P. Stockbridge. Her res- idence is in Norwood. The Clapboardtree School had three teachers by the name of Hemenway, two sons and a daughter of Windsor and So- phronica (Belknap) Hemenway, all born in Framingham, and educated at Framingham Academy : — Onslow Hemenway was born May 27, 1824, and graduated at Brown University; taught the Dedham School the winter of 1846-7 ; assisted in the New Bedford High School a few years ; married Martha A. Shepherd, of New Bedford, December 16, 1850 ; became prin- cipal of Newton High School, and so continued till his death on April 22, 1855, leaving a widow, who is now, 1899, a teacher in New Bedford : — Clarissa Cordelia Hemenway was born Nov. 27, 1825 ; taught in Dedham the summer of 1849 ; was married December 18, 1851, to Alden B. Marshall of Hebron, Me. ; and now, in 1899, resides in Newton : — Apple- ton Selwin Hemenway was born February 12, 1831 ; taught in Dedham, 1851-2; taught in the Westboro Reform School six months ; then was an assistant in the Rev. Samuel Worcester's private school in Baltimore, Md., about four years ; married Mary Elizabeth Patton of Baltimore, Feb. 5, 1856 ; soon re- turned to Framingham where he has since resided, devoting himself to mechanical pursuits. Terziah M. Beckwith was a teacher in the North School of the South Parish in 1846. Geography as a study came into the Dedham schools soon after Jedediah Morse published a work on that subject in 1784. About 1800 a smaller book was printed, accompanied by an atlas, about ten inches square, in which the United States were represented as consisting of the original thirteen colonies, with Vermont added ; the district of Maine figured as a part of Massachusetts. A copy of this atlas was preserved in my father's house till it fell a prey to destructive children ; it would be worth more than its Aveight in silver to-da}^ The OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 171 next books on this subject were by Peter Parley and Olney. These Avere much more attractive and made the study interest- ing. Tlio lessons consisted largely in finding places on the maps which the pupils had before them in recitations. In that way they became very expert in the use of maps for locating towns, bounds of States, courses of rivers and mountain ranges. Memoriter work was not required. Then came Mitchell's Geography with its Atlas of highly colored maps, which made the contours of states and countries very distinct and conspic- uous. Also map-drawing was introduced which did much to prepare the way for other artistic Avork with pen and pencil. From 1845 to 1855 geography was generally taught in the Dedham schools by means of outline maps. Olney's, Mitchell's, and Pelton's were much in use. The latter had a key in which verse and rhyme were employed to fix names in the memory. With a rod the pupil pointed out towns, boundaries and nat- ural divisions as he recited the verses, and was able of course to locate them easily in answer to questions. On one occasion a member of the town committee took the rod to test the pupil's knowledge by pointing out some places he knew him- self. But in searching for them his rod accidentally drop})ed on towns, rivers and mountains, and the children shouted out their names Avith eager animation. This so confused the gentle- man that he laid down the pointer saying, " You know so much more about the map than I do, that I ought to be satisfied." An ingenious teacher could vary the map exercises in many ways, to interest the pupils and insure thoroughness. The school of the Westfield District for two winters, 1840-7 and 1847-8, Avas well instructed by Elijah Carter Shat- tuck. He Avas the son of Stephen and Hannah (Carter) Shat- tuck, born in Marlborough, Mass., Aug. 27, 1820. Having pursued his preparatory studies in the Westfield District School and at Phillips Andovcr Academ3% he entered Amherst College in 184(5 ; but ill health obliged him to leave it a year later. He Avas married to Olive Colburn Wheeler in Berlin, 172 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHEKS Sept. 28, 1848 ; and spent the next three years in Utica, New York. Returning to Berlin, he taught a school there the winter of 1852-3, and continued to reside there, engaged in building and manufacturing ; also much occupied in town affairs, holding many important offices, acting as school com- mittee many years, representing his district in the legislature of 1876, and being postmaster after 1895. He died in Berlin, June 8, 1899, leaving a widow; and of his four children, two daughters survive him. In 1847 and 1848 Elizabeth Nichols Nye had charge of the summer grammar school in West Dedham. In the summer of 1850 she taught in the Second Middle ; then in the First Middle, second division, till 1852. She was a very efficient teacher, strong in discipline, and thorough in instruction. She was the daughter of Bonum and Pamelia (Abbott) Nye, born Nov. 18, 1824, in North Brookfield. Her education was re- ceived at a Young Ladies' Boarding School in West Brookfield, and at Williston Seminary, Easthampton. Before coming to Dedham she had taught schools in Paxton and New Braintree, and probably in other towns. Sept. 8, 1852, she was married in North Brookfield to Jonathan Chase, a native of Paxton, and went to reside at Manville, in the town of Lincoln, R. I., where she died March 16, 1875, leaving a husband, three daughters and one son. From 1847 till 1850 the primary department of the First Middle School was under the instruction of Emily Adams Eveleth, a very earnest and attractive teacher. She was the daughter of Henrj'^ Prentiss and Rachel (Adams) Eveleth of West Roxbury, where she was educated. Her first work as a teacher was in Dover. She died at her home in West Rox- bury, Oct. 8, 1850. Thouo-h he tauo:ht the school but one winter, 1847-8, there is still a pleasant remembrance of David Atwood in West Ded- ham. His quiet, reasonable ways made his work very accept- able. He is the son of David C. and Abigail Atwood, of East- OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 173 ham, born April 20, 1821 ; and was educated at Holliston Academy, and the Bridge water Normal School. From 1848 to 1853 he taught the Bunker Hill Grammar School, Charlestown. In July, 1848, he married in Lynn Lucy J. Bowler, who died in December, 1849 : in June, 1851, married in Upton, Electa J. Stoddard, who died in June, 1870: in May, 1872, married Achsah L. Maynard,who died in February, 1884. In October, 1853, he became cashier of the Millbury Bank, but resigned in 1872 : assisted in organizing the Millbury Savings Bank in 1854, became treasurer thereof, and held that office till No- vember, 1897 : also held the office of treasurer of the town of Millbury thirt}^ years and is still a resident there. In the summer of 1847 the Second Middle School was in charge of Harriet R. Talbot, the fifth of her family that gave instruction in the Dedham schools. She was a native of Sharon, the daughter of Josiah Jr. and Mary (Richards) Tal- bot, and received her education preparatory for teaching in some New England Academy where she was well equipped for her work. She was united in marriage to Auo:ustus Forbes of West Newton, the place of her last residence. The lower division of the Mill School for two years, 1847 and 1848, was taught by Almira French of Canton. She was the daughter of Thomas and Abigail Shepard French, born Jan. 3, 1830, and educated in the public and private schools of Canton and Roxbury. After leaving Dedham she taught in Roxbury and Dorchester from 1849 to 1857. She was a very acceptable teacher and is still pleasantly remembered by a large number of her pupils. She died in Canton, Sept. 27, 1861. Miss A. H. Rice taught in West Dedham a part of the summer of 1847. In November, 1847, Carlos Slafter took charge of the winter school of the Second Middle District, being then a mem- ber of the junior class of Dartmouth College, from which he graduated in 1849. The son of Sylvester and Mary (Johnson) Slafter, he was born in Thetford, Vermont, July 21, 1825, and 174 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS fitted for college at Thetford Academy. He began to teach in 1841 as master of a winter school in Fairlee, Vt. In Lyme, N. H., he taught the four succeeding winter terms ; also one term of a private school in the autumn of 1849. In the winter of 1846-7 ho was master of the Grammar School at Maiden Centre. In Dedham he taught the Second Middle School four consecutive winters and the summer of 1851. In September, 1851, he took charge of the Framingham Academy and High School for a year : then returned to Dedham as master of the High School, which remained under his care forty years, 1852 to 1892. His work as a teacher extended through fifty-one years. Aug. 4, 1853, he married Rebecca BuUard of Dedham. In May, 1865, he was ordained deacon in Trinity Church, Boston, by Bishop Eastburn ; and from Dec, 1867, till April, 1871, served as chaplain of the Norfolk County Jail and House of Correction. While teaching he found leisure for some lit- erary work, preparing addresses for several public occasions and editing in 1889 a historical cataluffue of his school for thirty-eight years. For over twelve years he Avas a constant contributor to the Dedham Historical Register, writing more than 200 pages for its columns. Since 1892 he has published several historical discourses ; among them one read at the 250th anniversary of the Dedham schools ; another for the seventy-fifth anniversary of Thetford Academy, Vt. In 1903 he edited a volume for the Prince Society, for which he wrote a Memoir of Sir Humfrey Gylberte in fifty pages. His resi- dence is with his daughter at Rockford, Illinois ; but at present, March, 1905, he is in Dedham devoting his time to the publi- cation of this volume, in which he is learning much about book-making and still more about human nature. Nabby Ann Marsh taught as master's assistant in the First Middle School in 1848. She was the daughter of Daniel and Fanny (Hersey) Marsh, born in Dedham, April 10, 1832. She left Dedham to fill a position in the Washington School of Roxbury, which she occupied one or two years, then became a OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 175 teacher in the Eliot School of Boston and continued there eight years with unusual success. She was married to Dr. McLaurin Furber Cook of Boston, Aug. 22, 1860, and died May, 1861. About 1848, Caroline Baker Colburn taught the school at Walpole Corner. She was the daughter of Ellis and Celia (Baker) Colburn, born in 1827, and was united in marriage to Keuben P. Davis, of Waltham, May 9, 1849. For a few months in 1848, Alfred Hewins was an assistant teacher in the First Middle School. The next four years he taught in the Washington, Roxbury ; then for thirty-four years as usher, sub-master and master of the Boylston, Bow- ditch and Everett Schools of Boston. He is the son of Nathaniel A. and Hannah (Hersey) Hewins, born in Dedham and educated in her public schools. In 1859 he was married to Carrie E. Sparrell of Boston ; in 1877 to Harriet C. Stone of Newburyport. Since Dec, 1886, he has been Treasurer of the Dedham Institution for Savings. For many years he was a member of the School Committee of Dedham ; was the first President of the Public Library, 1871 to 1899 ; Selectman, Assessor, Overseer of the Poor, three years ; is also a Director of the Dedham National Bank, Institution for Savings, and the Mutual Fire Insurance Company ; and for many years has been a member of the parish Committee of the First Church of Dedham. Such varied and acceptable services make com- mendation superfluous. Mr. Hewins has always resided in Dedham. The Second Middle Summer School of 1848 had two teachers. Augusta W. Mulliken of Lexington, a graduate of the Normal School at West Newton, taught one month. The term w^as completed by her Normal classmate, Marj^ Elizabeth Cotton of Boston, the daughter of Solomon and Susan G. Cotton, and now (1898) living at 28 Shepard Street, Cam- bridge. These teachers graduated at the Framingham (then W. Newton) Normal School in May, 1847. A part of the winter of 1848-9, and the entire winter of 176 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS 1849-50, the Westfield School was in charo:c of Arthur Latham Perry, a student of Williams Colleo:e which he'had entered the summer before from the Academy in Thetford, Vt. He is the son of Rev. Baxter and Lydia (Gray) Perry of Lyme, N. H. He graduated in 1852; and, after teaching in Washington, D. C, one year and serving his Alma Mater as Tutor a^year he was in 1854 appointed Professor of History Tand Political Economy in AVilliams College, which office he hold ''in active service till 1891, and is still Professor Emeritus with a salary. He has written much on the subject of the Tariff, advocating the principles of Free Trade with groat earnestness. His chief publications are three volumes on Political Economy and one on "Origins in AVilliamstown." L^nion College honored him with L.L. D. in 1874, and Doane College with D. D. in 1883. Dr. Perry was united in marriage to iNlarv Brown Smedley, August 7, 1856, in Williamstown, " her home and that of her ancestors since 1752 ": and " they have lived in the same house ever since that happy settlement" to the present year, 1905. In the summer of 1848 Mrs. Sarah Piper (Stevens) Cram taught in the South District of the South Parish, and the next two summers had charge of the school at Walpole Corner. She was the daughter of William Lacy and INIartha (Piper) Stevens of Rumney, New Hampshire ; was educated at the Mt. Holyoke Seminary; and married at Rumney, October 9, 1842, Artemas Brooks Cram, who died in 1845. By a second marriage Nov. 6, 1851, she became the wife of John Elijah Bullard and resided in Medlield where she died October 19, 1885, having been a "patient, devoted wife, and a kind, loving mother." Caroline Frances Guild' had charge of the primary depart- ment of the Second Middle School two years, 1848 to 1850. She was the oldest daughter of Francis and Caroline Elizabeth (Covell) Guild, born in Dedham, Nov. 2G, 1829. She was educated in the schools of her native town and in the private school of George B. Emerson of Boston ; became assistant teacher of the Framingham High School in September, 1851, OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 177 where she eontinued till the summer of 1853. I She was united in marriage to Ebenezer P. Burgess, M. D. Nov. 30, 1853 in Dedham, where she resided till her decease, January 3, 1859. In a memorial volume of the Framingham School we read as follows : " Mrs. Burgess was characterized by great sincerity and simplicity of manner. In a quiet way she exercised a strong and good influence, especially over the girls that came under her instruction. Her relations with them were like those of an elder sister, and they gathered around her at recesses like the younger children of a great family." In the winter of 1848-9, the West Dedham School was in charge of Sylvester Scott, as was also the Mill School from May 7, to Aug. 3, 1849. He was born in Ashland, New Hampshire, the son of Benjamin and Elizabeth (Phillips) Scott, and grad- uated at the Westfield Normal School in 1846 or 7. He left Dedham in 1849 to become a teacher in that school, continuing there only one year. He married Lydia Noble Moseley of Westfield, and for a number of 3^ears they successfully con- ducted the Young Ladies' Institute, in Alexandria, Va. When the war broke out they suffered great loss ; came to Boston and he taught in the school for physical training, in charge of Dr. Dio Lewis. At Dr. Lewis's death Mr. Scott became principal of the school. Owing to ill health he removed to Beverly, and in search of health visited his old home in Ashland, N. H., where he died June 18, 1865. His widow died in Montana. A West- field correspondent says : "Mr. Scott was a Christian gentle- man and has many friends in this place." Mary C. Goodnough taught the summer school of Read- ville, 1849, with an ability highly pleasing to the Committee. Caroline Almeda Ilartwell of South Natick instructed the Westfield School in the summer of 1849, having previously taught the school at Walpole Corner. She graduated from the State Normal School at West Newton in September 1846. She married E. Dix Fletcher of Lowell where she spent her last 178 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS days, her name being starred in the Normal School catalogue of 1889. The East Street School was instructed in the winter of 1849-50 by Joshua Danforth Robinson, who graduated from Harvard College in 1851, and died in 18G(). As a teacher he was highly commended in the school report. Ellen McKendry was highly commended by the school committee as mistress of the North District of South Dedham in the summer of 1849. So was also Almira Tucker as a teacher in tlie same school. She was the daughter of William and Lucy (French) Tucker, born in Canton, March 4, 1828, and was married to George Henr}^ AVyman of Boston, April 10, 1860. Christopher Columbus Langdell was master of the Clap- boardtrees School during the winter of 1849-50. He is a native of New Hampshire, entered Harvard College in 1848, and left it in 1849 to become a teacher: but he graduated from the Harvard Law School in 1853 and practised law in New York City till 1870. That year he received the degree of A. B., as of the class of 1851, and Avas appointed Dean of the Harvard Law School. The LL.D. was conferred in 1875. He continued in the office of Dean till 1895, and won great distinction by reforming methods of legal study. His publications have been numerous and valuable. The improvements made by him at Harvard have been widely copied in the law schools of om* own country, and his influence has been felt in the universities of Europe. The North District of the South Parish had David Parsons Wilder as teacher in the winter of 1849-50. He graduated at Harvard, class of 1851 ; and from the Harvard Law School in 1855. He received the degree of A. M. in course, and accord- ing to the catalogue died in 1872. The school committee commended his work. In the summer of 1849 and 1850, the Clapboardtrees School was in the care of Eliza Gardner, the daughter of James OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 179 and Mary Gardner of Canton, whore she was born Nov. 23, 1828. Removing early to South Walpole, in the distriet school there she was fitted for the West Newton Normal School, from which she graduated in September, 1847. She taught schools in Walpole and Taunton. In 1854, May 24, she was united in marriage to Major Andrew Washburn, and immediately after the war went with him Uj Richmond, Va., where he or- ganized the free school system of that city, in which work her former experience enabled her to participate both by actual in- struction and helpful advice. Her present residence is in Hyde Park. Lucetta Wood was mistress of the summer school in West Dedham in 1849, and was pronounced very successful by the Town Committee in their annual report. Tlie school at Walpole Corner had Augusta Morse as its teacher in the summer of 1849 ; she received jjigh praise from the examining committee. Cornelius Eliot Wood, master of the Clapboardtrees School, 1849-50, was the son of Martin and Abigail (Willard) Wood, of Littleton, born Dec. 1, 1827. lie graduated at Harvard in 1850; A. M. 1871 ; LL. B. 1855. Married in 1862, and has since, or till 1893, resided in Westminster in the practice of his profession. A little before 1850 Ann P^lizabeth Bullard taught two summer schools in Dedham, the first in East Street, the second in Readville. She is the daughter of Charles and Eliza (Paul) Bullard, born and educated in Boston, where she resided a large part of her life. Recently she has lived in Danvers. In the summer of 1849 Esther Clapp Hodges had charge of the Second Middle grammar school. She was the daughter of Spencer and Esther (Clapp) Hodges, born in Foxboro in 1816. Her education, besides in the schools of her native town, was in academies at Newton and Wrentham. Miss Hodges died in her native town Dec. 14, 1901. Joseph Mason Everett was master of the East Street 180 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS School the winter term of 1849-50. He was born in Canton, Jan. 6, 1828, the son of Leonard and Irene (Mason) Everett, and was fitted for Harvard College at Phillips Andover Acad- emy. He taught public schools in Canton and Bridgewater, and established a private school in Carrollton, La. He married first, Maria Louisa Price of Baltimore, Md. ; secondly, Esther Maria French of Canton. He was the chairman of the school com- mittee of Canton 25 years, and " was employed several years in superintending the schools." He was a deacon of the Uni- tarian Church, and was chosen to many offices in the social and benevolent organizations of his native town. During 30 years he represented the "Manhattan Life Insurance Co. of New York" as Boston Agent. He was active as a Freemason and was one of the founders of the Blue Hill Lodge. He died in Canton, April 2, 1886, leaving a widow and four children " to mourn his loss and cherish the rich legacy of his virtuous example." Following Mr. Scott in 1849, Seymour Lafayette Meade became master of the West Dedham school for three years, closing: his labors there in November, 1852. He then took charge of the Cofiin School of Nantucket, where he remained about thirteen years. He is remembered as a large, plain man : intelligent, affable, honest, industrious, and thoroughly devoted to his school duties. Some leisure hours he devoted to writing for the press, and by this means exerted considerable influence on local politics. He was born in Lanesboro, March 31,1824, the son of Seymour and Lucy (Mason) Mead ; and besides the education afforded by his native town and Worthington, he received the course of instruction then given in the Westfield Normal School. The last three years of his life were spent in Blissfield, Michigan, where he died unmarried, August, 1868. Beginning in September, 1849, Lynden Talcott Butler was master of the Mill School till Sept. 8, 1851. Intensely earnest and ambitious, he spared no pains to make his teaching excellent. After leaving Dedham he had charge of the East or DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 181 School in Milton a year or more. His last work was in the Greylock Institute in South Williamstown. A near relative has written to me as follows : " He was troubled by a difficulty in hearing ; and physicians thought the defect was caused by an enlargement of the tonsils, and he consented to a surgical operation which proved fatal. The lady to whom he was soon to be married placed at his grave a broken column as a monu- ment to his memory." He was the son of Silas and Pamelia (Talcott) Butler, born at South Williamstown, where he died 1853 or 4. Something more than half the winter term of 1849-50, Albert W. Farnsworth taught the Westfield District School, taking the place of Mr. Perry who was ill. He was the son of William and Catherine (Haskell) Farnsworth, born in Dedham, and graduated from the Bridgewater Normal School, December 1, 1847. He taught schools in Webster and Bridgewater; but soon engaged in other business in Lynnfield, Portland, Me. and Orange ; then for several years was employed in the Boylston Bank of Boston ; and finally was teller in the National Bank of Maiden. He was united in marriage to Emily E. Foster, at South Maiden, now Everett, November 3, 1858 ; died in Maiden, March 10, 1875. For many years the name of John Nelson Stevens was connected with the schools of Dedham. He took charge of the Walpole Corner School in 1849, afterwards of the Everett School in South Dedham, still later the Avery and the Damon. Giving up teaching after an experience of over thirty years, he engaged in the dry goods trade at Readville, Hyde Park. He was the son of William Lacy and Martha (Piper) Stevens, born in Haverhill, N. H., June 22, 1816. Public and private schools of Rumney, N. H., and the New Hampton, N. H. Institute furnished his education ; but a naturally clear and vigorous intellect gave character to his teaching which was always thorough and void of all pretence. He was united in marriage to Elvira Catherine Cram of Rumney, March 1,1842. 182 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Both Mr. and Mrs. Stevens had valuable experience as teachers of New Hampshire schools before coming to Dedham. He died in Hyde Park, November 12, 1891. Martha Belcher taught for a short time in West Dedham in 1849. Two winter terms, 1849-50 and 1850-51, the Readville School was under the care of Henry C. Nash. He formed a class in Latin which at the end of the second term had read the ■first book of Virgil's Aeneid. At the close of the first term the " Committee found a class there in Latin which made a very creditable appearance." In the summer of 1849, Mary A. Dunlop was well approved as the mistress of the school in the South district of the South parish. Charles Sprague Lincoln was master of the South School, South Parish, in the winter of 1849-50, having previously taught in Sonierville, Watertown, Walpole and Orleans. He is the son of Christopher and Eliza (Williston) Lincoln, born in Walpole, N. IL, April 20, 1820. He prepared for college in his native town and graduated from Harvard in 1850. He married Louise E. Plimpton, of Southbridge, Oct. 1, 1856, and has been a member of the Boston Bar since 1854. Almost continuously since 1852 he has resided in the town and city of Somerville, where he has made himself a useful member of the community by discharging acceptably the many offices of honor and trust to which he was called by the suffrages of his fellow citizens. Forty-four years he has been an active member of the First Congregational Society ; for twenty-two years, a trustee of the Public Library. In the summer of 1850 Rebecca Bullard had charge of the school in East Street ; the next summer, of that at Readville, having been the master's assistant in the Centre School the in- tervening winter. In the autumn of 1851 she returned to the Centre School as teacher of the third division, which she taught very acceptably till the spring of 1853. August fourth of that OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 183 year she was married to Carlos Slafter, and always resided in Dedham, her birthplace. She was the daughter of William and Rebecca (Daggett) Bullard, born Sept. 4, 1828. At the age of twelve years she began to keep a diary and continued to do so with slight interruptions all the rest of her life. She was a member of the Dedham Historical Society, and took a just pride in being a descendant, in the eighth generation, from William Bullard, John D wight, Nathaniel Whiting, Thomas Wight, Richard Barber, William Avery and John Kingsbury, all signers of the covenant formed at the settlement of the toAvn of Dedham. She died Jan. 16, 1901, very suddenly, and apparently without any suffering. Martha Ann Parker of Lexington was mistress of the Readville School in the summer of 1850. She is the daughter of Isaac and Martha (Miller) Parker and a descendant of Capt. John Parker who commanded the minute-men on Lexington Common. She graduated at the Normal School in West New- ton in 1849 and taught two years in private schools in Penn. and two years in a Ladies' Seminary in Philadelphia. October 28, 1855, at the house of her uncle, Theodore Parker, in Boston, she was married by him to William Welsh Dingee of Penn. She now resides in Racine, Wisconsin, where for sev- eral years she edited "The Wisconsin Citizen," a paper pub- lished by the the Wisconsin State Woman's Suffrage Association. Joshua George Hubbard was master of the Clapboardtrees School the winter of 1850-1 ; was the son of Elishaand Amelia (Turner) Hubbard, born in Franklin, December 31, 1828 ; was educated in the public schools and academy of his native town. He taught schools in Med way, Methuen and Beverly; was married to Chloe Emily Farrington, at Franklin, Aug. 15, 1850, being then a member of the school committee. Soon after this he managed for a time a boarding house in Boston, then a shoe store in Salem. For the last thirty years or more he has engaged in the lumber trade in Maine and New Hamp- 184 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS shire, his present residence being in East Derry of the latter state. Two summer schools in Clapboardtrees District, 1850 and 1851, were in charge of Helen Maria Boyden, the daughter ot Rev, Luman and Mary (Dudley) Boyden, born in Millbury, Oct. 12, 1829. The towns of Sharon and Needham employed her as a teacher, and in 1853 she began her labors in the Boys' Graded School of Chelsea and continued there nearly fourteen years. In that town she Avas married to Thomas Warren Thayer, Oct. 21, 1869, and in 1900 resided in Cazenovia, N. Y. Mrs. Thayer has been able to indulge freely her love of travelling, and in 1889 visited the Paris Exposition and many of the cities of Europe ; nor has she neglected the interesting localities of her own country. To adopt her own words : " There have been clouds as well as sunshine in my life ; but I can say with the Psalmist, ' The lines are fallen to me in pleasant places.' " The winter school at East Street, 1850-51, taught by Benjamin Payson Williams, was commended b}'^ the town com- mittee. He graduated at Harvard the summer previous, received the degree of A. M. in course and died in 1856. In 1850 the summer school of the Westfield district was in charge of Parthena Griggs Jones of Dover. She was the daughter of Hiram Walker and Inez (Griggs) Jones, born April 21, 1834. Her education was received at the Charlestown Female Seminary and at the Rhode Island Normal School under Dana P. Colbiu-n. She taught in Lancaster and about eight years in the Boys' High School, Newport, R. I. In 1862 she was married to Charles E. Hammett of Newport, where she re- sided till her death in September, 1896. In the winter of 1850-51 the lower department of the Second Middle School was in charge of Adeline Newell Griggs, the daughter of James and Abigail (Newell) Griggs, born in Dedham, January 13, 1833. She was married to Roland Ray- OF DEDHAM. MASSACHUSETTS 185 mond in Dedham, November 6, 1855. She resides in Boston, Dorchester district. Henry Auo:ustus Little was master of the Westfield School the winter of 1850-51. He was a member of the class of 1853 in Amherst College, but did not graduate. I have found no clue to his later history. The school on East Street, summer of 1851, was taught by Mary Smith Wilder, the daughter of Joseph Augustus and Mary (Smith) Wilder, born in Dedham, August 22, 1832. After attending the common schools of her town she spent a year at Pepperell Academy, and graduated at the Bridgewater Normal in March, 1850. She was married to John H. B. Thayer of Dedham, June 21, 1854. Since her husband's death in 1873 Mrs. Thayer has been a copyist for the Register of Deeds at Dedham. Catherine Eleanor Tucker in the summer of 1850 taught in the South District, South Parish. She was the daughter of Nathan and Catherine (Tucker) Tucker, born in Milton, Jan. 23, 1827 ; graduated at the Bridgewater Normal School August 2, 1848. She taught school only two terms, resided in Milton, and died there April 19, 1886. The High School. In 1844 the school committee of Dedham recommended the establishment of a High School, as the statute of the Com- monwealth required, and this advice w^as repeated from year to year. There was a strong desire for such a school, but the opposition to it was stronger. Finally, in 1850, William S. Damrell, of Readville, who a few years later was chosen a member of Congress, declared his intention to bring a suit against the town for failure to comply with the law if at the next town meeting it did not make an appropriation for such a school as the law recjuired. Tliis probably determined the action of the town, and on the 12th of May, 1851, the town "voted to instruct the Town's School Committee to hire a 186 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS buildino; and teacher and establish a Hig-h School accordinsf to law." Also "voted that the sum of one thousand dollars be raised by tax for the purpose of establishing and maintaining a High School, to be expended by the Town's School Committee." Thus the controversy of years was settled, and the school was opened Monday, September 15, 1851, in Masonic Hall, Church Street, where it remained till September, 1854. It was then removed to the Town House on BuUard Street ; and in Decem- ber, 1855, found a permanent home in a new schoolhouse on Highland Street. This building w^as occupied by the school nearly twenty-two years. The present High School house be- gan to be used October 3, 1887. For a more detailed account of the High School, the reader is referred to the Historical Catalogue of the School, published in 1889. But it may in- terest its friends to know that previous to 1893, it had fitted thirty young men and women for college, most of whom en- tered without conditions ; and, with its present improved equip- ment, is able to increase its usefuhiess in that direction. In fact, since the school has been in operation, no parent has been " compelled ^^ to send a son or daughter out of Dedham to pre- pare for college or scientific schools. James Bradley Everett taught school in the south district of South Dedham, 1850-51. He was of Canton, the son of Abel and Thankful (Withington) Everett, and was educated at the Kimball Union Academy, Meriden, N. H., and at the Bridge water Normal School, graduating in 1853. From 1851 to 1859 he was teaching in South Scituate, Sutton, Taunton,. Hingham, Holmes Hole and Weston Hio^h School. In 1861 he received the degree of M. D. from Dartmouth College ; and on Jan. 1, 1862, married Caroline Guild Newton of Grafton. He practised medicine in Falmouth ten years where he waa most of the time a member of the school committee, also super- intendent of schools. He is a Fellow of the Mass. Med. Society and trustee of the Public Library of the city of Everett where he resided and practised his profession in 1904. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 187 The summer school in the Westfield district, 1851, and that at Walpole Corner, 1852 and 1853, were in charge of Mary Mehitable Smith, and hor success in those schools secured her a place in the Mather Primary, Meeting House Hill, Dorches- ter, where she taught from November, 1853, until September, 1856. Her continued labors in this position would have been very acceptable; but on the 23d of October, 1856, she was married in West Dedham to Lucius Manlius Sargent Damrell. Since her husband's death Mrs. Damrell has resided mostly in West Dedham (now Westwood), and her knowledge of teachers has been very helpful to the author of this volume. She is the daughter of Timothy and Xabby (Colburn) Smith, was born in West Dedham, and educated in the good schools kept there fifty years ago, self-help being then greatly encouraged. Two summers, 1851 and 1852, the South School of the South Parish was well instructed by Judith Sherman Hodges, the daughter of Sewall and Judith (Sherman) Hodges, born in Sharon, June 26, 1823. After the common school she attended the Friends' School in Providence, R. I., and was teacher in Sharon, Foxboro and Mansfield. Jan. 1, 1855, she was married to Asa Stone of Providence, and resided in that city till she died there, May 1, 1893. One term of public and two of private primary school, 1851 and 1852, in West Dodham were taught acceptably by Jane Baker. She is the daughter of Aaron and Eoxey (Whi- ting) Baker, born in West Dedham, Feb. 24, 1822. She said in 1898, "I have always lived in the same house in which I was born ; am the last of the family living." Beginning at Walpole Corner in the winter of 1851-2, Henry Chamberlain Rolfe continued to teach in Dedham, having charo-e of the East Street School till 1855, and of the Mill School from Sept., 1855, till April, 1856. He then left Ded- ham and taught in Dorchester and perhaps elsewhere, but finally engaged in trade and manufacturing. He is the son of Abiel and Eliza George (Dennett) Rolfe, born in Great Valley, 188 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHEKS N. r., Feb. 15, 1828. He fitted for college at New Hampton and Meredith Bridge, N. H., and studied a part of the course at Amherst College. At Townsend, November 23, 1856, he married Abby Frances Winchester. He was a member of the school committees in Townsend and Groton for several years ; was president of the Norfolk County Teachers' Convention, and is now a resident of Concord, Massachusetts. In the winter of 1851-2, the Westfield School was in- structed by Charles Edward Briggs, who had entered Harvard in 1849 from the Boston Latin School. He was the son of Eobert and Caroline (Morton) Briggs, born in Boston, April 6, 1833. He graduated in 1853 and received his medical de- gree in 1856 ; became assistant surgeon of the 24th Mass. Reg- iment Aug. 12, 1862, and surgeon of the 54th Mass. Volunteers Nov. 24, 1862 ; was mustered out Aug. 20, 1865. He settled in St. Louis, Mo., the same year, and in 1869 was united in marriage to Rebekah Whittaker of St. Louis. For many years Dr. Briggs was a member of Christ Church Cathedral Parish of St. Louis, and in 1869 was appointed a professor in the St. Louis College of Physicians ; later was connected with other institutions as lecturer and physician. He died June 17, 1894, at the Mass. General Hospital, leaving a widow, one daughter and three sons. Through the autumn of 1851 the Second Middle School was under the care of Wentworth Sanborn Butler, the son of Hon. Josiah and Hannah (Jenness) Butler, born in Deerfield, N. H., Sept. 30, 1826. He graduated at Dartmouth in 1848, studied divinity at Bangor Theological Seminary, also at Union Theological Seminary, N. Y. For many years, and up to 1898, he was a librarian, living at 67 University Place, New York City. Albert eT. Ingalls was master of the Second Middle School in the winter of 1851-2. He had been for a year or two a member of Dartmouth College, but he did not graduate. Later he was in business in Fitchburg, but finally died as a soldier in the war of the Rebellion. Socially he was very entertaining, OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 189 abounding in wit and humor which often relieved the monotony of school routine. Visitors often found anmsement as well as instruction in his work, his queer remarks sometimes under- mining the firmest resolve to be sedate. Joseph Rutter Draper was in charge of the Readville School one winter, 1851-2; and of the Second Middle from April to November, 1852. His work was highly commended by the School Committee. After leaving Dedham Mr. Draper taugrht Hig-h Schools in Saxonville and Milford. He was the son of Ira and Eunice (Rutter) Draper, born in Wayland, July, 1830 ; studied at Lawrence Academy, Groton, and graduated at Williams College in 1851 ; in November, 1856, he was united in marriage to Mary Jane Fuller of Dedham ; received the degree of M. D. from the Berkshire Medical School in 1863 ; then enlisted and served three years as a surgeon in the army. At the close of the war he settled at South Boston and remained there with an increasing practice until it was ter- minated by his death, August 5, 1885. The Primary Department of the Centre School in 1852 was in charge of Emily Lovering Wilson. She is the daugh- ter of Reuben Sumner and Lucia Narcissa (Mann) Wilson of Dedham, and was married to Ralph William Tucker, Oct. 9, 1862, in Dedham, where she has since resided. In the winter of 1852-3 the school at Readville was in charge of Nathan Henry Chamberlain, a senior of Harvard Col- lege. He is a native of Sandwich, the son of Artemas White and Lydia Smith (Ellis) Chamberlain. In 1855 he married Hannah S. Tewksbury of Boston ; in 1870 Marietta Cleveland Hyde of New York. As a Unitarian minister. Rev. Mr. Cham- berlain was settled in Canton, Mass., and Baltimore, Md. ; as an Episcopal, in Birmingham, (]onn.. New York City, Mil- waukee, Wis., Somerville and East Boston. He engaged in literary pursuits, and in 1900 resided in Bourne, Mass. Erastus Worthington was paid fifty dollars for teaching one month as the assistant of Mr. Capen in the High School 190 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS just prior to the examination in the spring of 1852. This was his only experience as a teacher. He was the son of Erastus and Sarah (Ellis) Worthington, born in Dedham, Nov. 25, 1828 ; fitted at Attleborough Academy for Brown University, which he entered in 184ii, graduating in 1850; read law with his brother Ellis in Milwaukee, Wis., and with Judge Ezra Wilkinson of Dedham, and received LL.B. at the Cambridge Law School, in 1853. For a time he was the law partner of Hon. David A. Simmons of Roxbury ; from 1856 to 1858 was register of the Court of Insolvency ; then Trial Justice of Nor- folk County till January, 1867, when he entered upon his duties as Clerk of Courts for Norfolk County ; this office he filled for thirty years. He also performed during that time much efficient work for his town and his parish : his voice and his pen were alwaj^s at their service. He was married Nov. 25, 1861, to Elizabeth Foster Briggs, and resided in Dedham for many years on School Street, and later on Chestnut Street, where he died January 20, 1898. One year from April, 1852, Ellen Harod Crehore was an assistant teacher in the Mill School ; then was two years a primary teacher in the First Middle ; next taught several months in Canton, 1858; after this, from 1858 to 1867, w^as employed in the Maverick and Mather schools of Dorchester ; then taught a year in Miss Hodges' private school ; finally, from 1872 to 1874, she did her last work as a teacher of children at the Avery School, and in the same room where she began to teach in 1852. In September, 1874, she became a member of the School Conmiittee of Dedham, and as such served the town over six years. For more than ten years she was active in charitable work in the Industrial Union and Associated Charities, earning and receiving the deep gratitude of many. It is just to say that in all these fields her work has been duly appreciated by the residents of Dedham. She is the daughter of Jeremiah and Joanna (Dunbar) Crehore, born in Milton, July 1, 1835, and was a member of the first class OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 191 entering the Dedbam High School in 1851. She now resides at Canton Junction. Augusta Crehore, sister of the foregoing, taught a private school in East Dedham about a year and a half, beginning in April, 1856. She is also a native of Milton, attended the Dedham High School, and afterwards Mrs. Benjamin Kent's School in Roxbury. Her present residence is at Canton Junction. In 1852 the school in Mill Village came under the instruc- tion of Charles Addison Richardson, who had previously taught in Montague over two years and a winter term in South Maiden. He was the son of Elisha and Harriet (Blake) Rich- ardson of Franklin, born October 9, 1829. He attended the Franklin High School, Holliston Academy, Bridgewater and "Westfield Normal Schools, and was also under the private in- struction of the Rev. David Sanford of Medway. He married Mary Jane Phipps of Westfield, May 3, 1852. Leaving the Mill School in 1854, he was in the book trade with John P. Jewett two years ; and on Jan. 2, 1856, entered the office of the Congregationalist as proprietor of one-fourth of the paper and manaofino; editor. His success as a teacher was remarkable ; and the prosperity of the Congregationalist while under his direction is ample proof of his editorial ability. He died Jan. 18, 1891. Marie Louise Lathrop was the first lady assistant of the Dedham High School, holding that position from 1853 to 1857. She was the daughter of the Rev. John Pierce and Maria Mar- garetta (Long) Lathrop, born in New York City, and educated at Linden Hall, Bordentown, N. J., and at St. Mary's Hall, Burlington, N. J. Before teaching in Dedham she taught the modern languages in the Rev. Geo. D. Wild's School, Boston ; she left Dedham to teach the modern languages in the L^nion School, Schenectady, N. Y., and continued there till her mar- riage, Sept. 1, 1864, to Hiram De Witt Hall. She resided some years in Elyria, Ohio ; later near Des Moines, Iowa, 192 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS where she died March 3, 1898. As a teacher Mrs. Hall was an enthusiast and communicated her zeal to all her pupils. Beginning at Readville April 9, 1853, Martha Maria Davis taught there and in the Averj School till 1884, with the excep- tion of a year in Franklin and SLjear and a half in Canton. She was the daughter of Francis and Betsey Converse Davis, born in Stockholm, St. Lawrence County, New York, and was edu- cated in the public schools of her native town. Teaching was her life-work, and in it she was most faithful and successful. For many years she made her homewdth her uncle, D. L.Davis, at Readville, where she died June 23, 1898. Cephas Brigham was a teacher about seventeen years ; in Montague, 1851 to 1853 ; in West Dedham, 1853 to 1861 ; and in Newton, 1861 to 1868. He then applied himself to the study of law and was admitted to the Bar about 1870. Accord- ing to the testimony of a friend, " he was a very successful lawyer with a constantly increasing practice until he received a fatal paralytic shock in 1887." He married Lucy E. Graves in North Leverett, May 12, 1846. In Westwood he is still re- garded by many as the ideal schoolmaster. Holmes Richard Pettee had charge of the school in the South District of South Dedham in the winter of 1854-5. He was the son of Ebenezer and Lydia (Hall) Pettee of Frances- town, N. H., born Oct. 13, 1831 ; was educated at the Acad- emy of that town and had there his first experience in teaching. In 1857, Oct. 31, he married Frances B. Adams in New Bos- ton, N. H. ; resided chiefly in Manchester, N. H., where he was a grain merchant twenty-five years. He was a representa- tive in the N. H. State Legislature, and died in Manchester, Feb. 21, 1892. Mary Ann Bullard taught the primary class of the Mill School in 1853 and 1854. She afterwards had charge of a private school in Dedham Village ; and in 1858 of the sunmier school at Readville. But she then yielded to the claims of her home and kindred and devoted many years to the care of her OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 193 aged parents and invalid sister and brother ; all whom she care- fully attended through the days of their decline and dissolution. She is the daughter of William and Rebecca (Daggett) Bullard, born in Dedham, and now resides at the family homestead, corner of Milton and Readville Streets, Hj'de Park. The second department of the Mill Village School for ten months in 1855 was in charge of Louisa Content Richards, who had taught a year before coming to Dedham and continued teaching eleven years after leaving it. She is the daughter of Lysander and Content (Clapp) Richards of Quincy, and is now a resident of Washington, D. C, where she has been a clerk in the Life Saving Service, Treasury Department, for twenty- three years. In 1902 her P. O. address was Washington, D. C, 1217 10th St., N. W. . Jane S. Small first taught in the Mill School as assistant of Miss Richards in the second grade in 1855 ; was soon after put in charge of a primary class and continued to teach in the school till 1868. A member of the School Committee says, *' When sewing was introduced first into the Avery School and afterwards into others as an experiment, Miss Small was chosen special teacher of that branch and served acceptably till ill health obliged her to relinquish it." After a lingering and painful sickness her death occurred June 14, 1883. She was the daughter of Jonathan and Jane L. (Bain) Small, born in Dedham, November, 1835. Garcelon De Fonteney, a native of France, educated at Charlemagne College, Paris, taught the French language in the High School one year from May 17, 1852. He did faithful work, but his knowledge of English was too limited to give his efforts their desired effect. It even afforded some amusement at times. One day his class returned from the recitation room in a very gleeful mood. In answer to my inquiries one of the pupils informed me that M. Fonteney, in trying to explain that the serpent was used as a symbol of eternity, declared that ** they use snakes for cimbals in heaven." 194 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHEKS In the winter of 1852-3 the school in the " Old Brick," South District, South Parish, was in charge of George Franklin Pettee of Francestown, N. H., the son of Abner and Polly (Dean) Pettee, born April 9, 1828. He was educated at the Francestown Academy, and before comins; to Dedhani, begin- ning at the age of seventeen, he had taught schools in Benning- ton, Francestown and Greenfield, N. H. ; and in Northboro, Mass. After leaving Dedham he taught in Truro, Mass., and again in Francestown, being a teacher about twenty years. He married Margia L. Hardy, Feb. 14, 1861, in Francestown. His regular occupation of farmer and land surveyor has been varied by official duties to which his townsmen have frequently called him. He was chairman of the Board of Selectmen seven years ; of the School Board, or Superintendent of Schools, twenty years ; Representative to the General Court, 1885 and 1886. The Westfield Winter School 1852-3 was taught by Phineas Allen, the son of Phineas and Ruth (Smith) Allen of Medtield, born October 15, 1801. While preparing for college he taught in Sherborn and Northboro, walking to Cambridge from North- boro, 30 miles to take examinations. After graduating at Harvard, in 1825, he taught in Lowell, Brookline, Concord, Walpole, Scituate and Provincetown, also in the Allen School at West Newton from 1860 to 1885, never missing but three days of school on account of sickness, until 76 years of age. Regularity, faithfulness and great modesty characterized this representative pedagogue of the old type, whose entire aim was to impart knowledge. Himself an excellent linguist, he taught seven languages. In 1828 he married Clarissa Fisk, and, dying in West Newton, May 25, 1885, left three sons and one daughter. In November, 1852, Henry Holmes Babcock began to teach the Sect)nd Middle School. In the autumn of 1854 he resigned and engaged in a grammar school at Newton. In 1860 he was appointed principal of the High School in Somerville and held the position till 1867. Then he established a Girls' Academy OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 195 in Chicago, 111., and remained Principal and Proprietor till 1880, when he became Associate Principal of the Atheneum Academy of the same city. He held this position till his last sickness in the autumn of 1881. He made a specialty of botany, and was professor of that branch in the Chicago College of Pharmacy. He was a member of the Chicago Literary Club ; a Director of the Botanical Gardens ; President of the Illinois State Microscopical Societ}'^ ; and at the time of his death was President of the Chicago Academj^ of Natural Sciences. He was born in Thetford, Vt., the son of Rev. Elisha Gulliver and Eliza (Hibbard) Babcock ; was educated at Thetford Academy and Dartmouth College; married, July, 1861, Mary Porter Lincoln Keyes of Somerville ; died in Chicago, Nov. 7, 1881. *' Noble, kind, pure and eminent in scholarship, his loss is irreparable to his sisters," so writes the youngest of them. Charles Gates taught the Mill School a year, resigning his position in 1852, and going to teach in New York City; at least it was so reported. A Miss Hewins is mentioned with high commendation as teaching in South Dedham in 1852. The same year, 1852, Miss E. T. Waterman taught the Readville School with like approval. George Wight taught a good school in the Clapboard trees district the winter of 1852-3. He was the son of Myron Wight, sometime resident in Mill Village : but the family soon removed to New York, and his later history has not been attainable. Emily Orne Spencer was the assistant teacher of the High School one year from Sept., 1853, having previously taught in the public schools of So. Reading and a private school in Pepperell. Leaving Dedham she was connected with the Han- cock School of Boston till her marriage in Lynnfield, July 19, 1869, to Datus Whitaker Harris, and then went to reside at Birnam Wood, Arkansas. The last mail that was sent north at the opening of the Civil War brought the news of her death 196 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS which occurred Aug. 3, 1861. She was the daughter of Judge Amasa and Sophia B. (Parker) Spencer, born Sept. 22, 1831, in McDonough, Henry Co., Georgia, and was highly educated in the schools of Salem, Mass. Sarah Ann Ellis taught in the South District of South Dedham two summer terms, 1853 and 1854. The School Com- mittee say, " Miss Ellis devoted herself to her work, and her work became her commendation." She is said to have married Ellis Guild of South Dedham. Their present residence has not been ascertained. Jeffrey Abijah Holmes taught the Second Middle School, 1853-4, having previously taught two years : also taught sev- eral terms after leaving Dedham. He is the son of Hiram and Sarah R. Holmes, born in Shelburne, and there educated in the public schools and at the East Hampton Seminary ; was mar- ried Aug. 31, 1865, in Haydenville. He engaged in trade, and while residing in Clarksburg served several terms as School Committee, and in 1904 was a resident of North Adams. Mr. Dogget taught the school at Walpole Corner the winter of 1852-3. He is said to have married Mary A. White of Walpole and to be now residing in the West. Careful inquiries have resulted in no more definite information. From 1854 to 1856 the third division of the First Middle School was in charge of Abby Frances Winchester. She is the daughter of Henry and Abigail (Mcintosh) Winchester, born in Lunenburg, Jan. 1, 1834 ; attended West Townsend Female Seminary, and New Ipswich, N. H., Appleton Academy; was married to Henry C. Rolfe of Dorchester in Townsend, Nov. 23, 1856, and resides in Concord ; has been president of the Middlesex County Women's Christian Temperance Union ever since its organization twenty years ago, and was in 1899 Supt. of Mothers' Dept. in the Mass. State Women's Christian Tem- perance Union, consequently spending much of her strength and time in charitable works. Anna Coverly Winchester, a sister of the foregoing, was a OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 197 teacher in the Mill Village School two years, 1854 and 1855. She was born in Lunenberg, educated in "West Townsend Female Seminary and the Westfield Normal School, and began to teach in Townsend. In 1856, June 22, she was married to Newton Calvin Boutelle, and resided in Townsend, where she died August 18, 1862. For about three years, between 1852 and 1856, the Second Division of the First Middle School was instructed by Cornelia Shorey Guild. She was the daughter of Francis and Caroline E. (Covell) Guild, born in Dedham Nov. 26, 1834. She at- tended Mr. Capen's Private School several years, and after teaching about two years studied a year at the Wheaton Ladies' Seminary in Norton. On Dec. 11, 1856, she was united in marriage to Frederic Augustus Taft in Dedham, where she re- sided till her decease, June 22, 1899, leaving her husband, three daughters and a son to mourn her loss. After a course of study in the High School in which her work was thorough and such studies were chosen as would pre- pare her for teaching, Sarah Rebecca Bonney took charge of the Walpole Corner School in May, 1855. In March, 1856, she began to teach in the Centre School and was employed there till October, 1864. She then entered the Comins School in Roxbury, where she remained till 1871. Then she was transferred to the Sherwin School of Boston and taught there till 1885, when she entered the Hyde School, and with the ex- ception of two years taught till February, 1899. She is the daughter of Daniel and Cordelia C. E. (Coney) Bonney of Dedham, where she was born and educated. In 1887 she was married to Dr. Horace Wentworth of Boston, but about two years later returned to teaching. Beginning her educational work at the age of eighteen, Mrs. Wentworth has devoted to it more than forty years of her life. She resides in Boston. In the summer of 1855 Harriet E. Read was mistress of the South School of South Dedham. In want of other in- 198 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS formation it is pleasant to say that her work was satisfactory to both parents and committee. In the autumn of 1854 Helen Elvira Pullen began to teach in the South Dedham School, second department. She was only 18 years of age, the daughter of Sumner Born and Elvira (Whiting) Pullen, born in East Winthrop, Me., and had been carefully educated in the private schools of Water- ville and Gardiner, Me., and by private tutors. She died at the age of twenty years, "the seventh week of the spring term," June 7, 1855. Says a correspondent, " She was very dear to her pupils, and to this day, after a lapse of 50 years, they recall her to mind with great love and respect." Juliette Dickerman was mistress of the East Street School in 1855. "By one of her pupils we are told that she was a good teacher, a resident of Stoughton, married and removed to some "Western State. Caroline K. Nickcrson began to teach in Dedham as mis- tress of the Clapboardtrees School in 1852 ; also had charge of it in 1855. In 185G she was employed in the Mill School as teacher of the second class and continued there till October, 1857, when she went to Dorchester, teaching there about tlu^ee years ; then to Roxbury, and has taught in the same school to the present time, 1904.- She is the daughter of Luther and Esther Nickcrson of Orleans, Mass. A Miss Nash taught very acceptably in East Street in 1852. Would that the record could be completed. About two years, 1853 to 1855, Adeline Stockbridge had efficient charge of the primary department of the South Ded- ham School. She was born in East Randolph, Dec. 28, 1823, the daughter of Nehemiah B. and Ruth (Porter) Stockbridge. After attending the Charlestown Female Seminary she grad- uated from the Bridge water Normal School, August 4, 1852. She first taught a school in North Bridgewater. She left Ded- ham in 1855 to teach the primary school on East Street, Boston, OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 199 where she labored 16 years, and was teaching on the day of her death, Jan. 27, 1871, thus completing a most useful life. In the winter of 1853-4 Eliza G. Loring had charge of the primary school in the Second Middle District. She is the daughter of Jonathan and Eliza Ann (Fales) Loring, born in Dorchester in 1834. She attended the West Newton Normal School one year. Nov. 6, 1854, she married Albion Benson of Sumner, Maine, and is now a resident of East Bridgewater. Joseph Warren Pickering Carter from November, 1854, to March, 1855, had charge of the Second Middle School. He is the son of Benjamin and Hannah (Pickering) Carter of Portsmouth, N. H., born Sept. 27, 1828; graduated at Dart- mouth College 1849 ; studied at Andover Theological Seminary two years; taught schools in Winchester, Mass., Portsmouth, N. H., and Portland, Me., five years in all; then went into mercantile business in Portsmouth. He married Mrs. Harriet Dwight (Edson) Simpson Jan. 21, 1864. His places of resi- dence have been numerous ; he was at Los Angeles, California, in 1898, and is supposed to be still resident there. About two years, 1855-7, Abby F. Crocker had charge of the second department of the First Middle School. She was the daughter of Amos H. and Irene M. Crocker of West Ded- ham, born August 9, 1835. She was a student of the Dedham High School and the Rhode Island Normal. After leavins: Dedham she was for many years master's assistant in the Bunker Hill School, Charlestown, so that she taught 25 years in the schools of Massachusetts. In 1871, Dec. 7, she was married to George S. Smith of Maiden, where she resided till her death in 1899. Maria Fisher Phillips had charge of the Westfield School four summers, 1855-6-7, and 1861, and the town committee often commended her work. She is the daughter of Nathan and Hannah (Fisher) Phillips, born in Dedham, Feb. 6, 1835, and belonged to the class of 1852 of the High School. As a 200 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS devoted daughter she was the comfort of her aged parents in their declining years and still made Dedham her home in 1904. In the autumn of 1855 Lucy Ann Brown had charge of the Second Division of the Mill School. The connnittee would have gladly returned her as a teacher, but her preference was for a different pursuit ; and the ladies of Dedham who were dependent upon her taste and skill for becoming attire would have objected seriously to the loss of her services. She is the daughter of Dr. John and Amelia (Bartholomew) Brown, born in Thetford, Vt., March, 1823. She came to Dedham in 1839, and still made it her home in 1904. For the winter of 1855-6 the school at Walpole Corner was in charge of S. E. D. Currier. In December, 1851, he graduated as from Methuen at the Bridgewater Normal School, but is said to have taught on\y this one term. He studied law and in 1897 was in the practice of his profession at 23 Court Street, Boston. William Wallace Colburn was master of the South District South Parish, during the winter of 1856-7. He was the son of Leonard and Mary Todd (Livingston) Colburn, born in New Boston, N. IL, Oct. 1, 1832 ; fitted for college at Francestown and Mount Vernon Academies, N. H. ; graduated at Dartmouth College, 1861 ; taught in Lawrence Academy, Groton, 1861 ; in Belmont, 1862; was principal of the High School, Man- chester, N. H., 1862-74; Springfield, Mass., 1874 to 1890; married Mary Elizabeth Parker of Manchester, N. H., July 13, 1865 ; died at Springfield, Oct. 17, 1899. He was an in- fluential member of societies for mental and social improve- ment in Manchester and Springfield. Elbridge Parker Boyden was master of the Clapboard trees School in the winter of 1856-7. He has taught in Wrentham, Waltham, North Easton, Millbury, Bridgewater, South Wal- pole and Foxboro. Born in South Walpole Oct. 22, 1833, the son of James and Lucy (Clapp) Boj'den, he was educated at Kimball Union Academy, Meriden, N. H., and at the Bridge- OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 201 water Normal School, and married Mary Elizabeth Boyden of Walpole June 3, 1S60. He was a member of Co. D, 43d Regiment, Mass. Vol. M., going to the war from Dedham. Residing in S. Walpole, he has held various town offices there, his business farming. In the summer of 1856 Mary Elizabeth Boyden was mis- tress of the Clapboardtrees School till the 18th of July, when failing health obliged her to resign ; and she never resumed teaching. Previously she had taught in South Walpole. She is the daughter of Harvey and Esther (Milliken) Boyden of Walpole, where she was educated and married to Elbridge Parker Boyden as stated above. She resided in South Wal- pole, November 21, 1904. During 1855 Nancy Maria Chamberlain was a teacher in the South Dedham School where she had been educated, chiefly under Mr. J. Nelson Stevens ; and after teaching one term in 1856 she attended a private school in Lawrence. She is the daughter of Isaac Ellis and Nancy (Morse) Chamberlain, born in Hillsboro, N. H., July 5, 1838. After her school in Law- rence she made a home for her father and brother till she married John B. Page, Feb. 2, 1875, in Norwood, where she now resides at 397 Washington Street. The East Street School was thoroughly instructed by Frank Howard Shorey two winters, 1855-6 and 1856-7. He was the son of John and Cornelia (Guild) Shorey, born in Boston Nov. 2, 1837. He prepared for college at the Dedham High School ; spent two years at Dartmouth, and then two at Harvard College, graduating in 1858 ; and was admitted to the Suffolk Co. Bar in 1859. His constitution was not able to bear the tax which his love of study laid upon it, and his health failed soon after he entered his profession. He died in Dedham, January 24, 1862. In the spring of 1856 Frances Ellen Griggs took charge of the Readville School for a term of four months ; in October of the same year she began to teach the second class of the 202 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS South Dedham School, continuing there till July, 1859. She had previously taught the Walpole Plains School from the spring of 1855 till September; then the Strawberry Hill School in Dover a winter term of four months, November to March. She is the daughter of eJames and Abigail (Newell) Griggs, born in Dedham Dec. 8, 183G ; attended the High School over three years, where her accurate scholarship was duly recognized ; and at a later date received the first prize in a public competition as the best speller in Dedham. March 7, 1860, she was married to David Neal in Dedham, and now, after spending many years in her native town, resides in Seattle, Washington. Mrs. Harriet (Wales) Fletcher taught in the South Ded- ham School from 1856 to 1858. She is the dauditer of Samuel and Hannah (Kemp) Wales of Orford, N. H., born Dec. 30, 1827, and educated in the public schools of Orford and at the Academy in Bradford, Vt. In 1858, July 4, she was married in West Dedham to Charles E. Morse. After his death in Dec, 1859, she " cared for his two sons until they completed their college course ; then in the Spring of 1874 opened a private school in Norwood and has taught continuously until the present time," 1902, her P. O. address being 880 Wash- ington Street, Norwood. Sarah Jane Alden began to teach in the Centre School in 1857, having charge of the fourth class for a year, then of the second class for a year or more. She was the youngest daugh- ter of Francis and Sarah Stone (Crehore) Alden, born in Ded- ham March 17, 1833. Eelinquishing her work on account of failing health, she was released from her sufferings, borne with lovely patience, December 31, 1861. Beginning in June, 1857, Lauretta Wheaton Guild had charge of the fifth class of the Centre School nearly four years ; then for a year or two she was able to teach only a few days or weeks occasionally as a substitute. From 1862 to 1864 she was constantly employed. In 1868 she taught in the Avery OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 203 and then returned to the Ames and taught till 1870, when she was obliged to relin(|uish school work altogether. She is the daughter of Dea. Calvin and Margaret (Taft) Guild, born in Hookset, N. II. ; attended the High School nearly four years, also a short term at Wheaton Ladies' Seminary, and still resides in Dedhani. The winter of 1857-8 Charles Whiting Carroll was master of the Westfield School ; the succeeding winter of a school in Lisbon, N. H. He was the son of Sanford and Harriet (Whiting) Carroll, born in Dedham, May 31, 1836. He at- tended the High School four years ; graduated at Dartmouth College 1859 ; was admitted to the bar, 1861 ; and married Lucy A. Farwell of Foxboro, July 30, 1861. He was com- missioned First Lieutenant of Co. F, 18th Reg. Mass. Vols., July 26, 1861 ; promoted Captain Oct. 29, 1861 ; participated in the siege of Yorktown, the Peninsular Campaign, and the second battle of Bull Run. In this battle, Aug. 30, 1862, he was mortally wounded, and died on the field tliree days later. In honor of him the Army Post in Dedham bears his name. Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori. The winter school at Walpole Corner, 1856-7, if we may credit the Town Committee, was "thoroughly instructed" by John James Dana, the son of William De Wolfe and Mary (Green) Dana of Perry, Me. He graduated at the Bridge- water Normal School Dec. 3, 1851 ; taught in Weston, 1854 ; South Scituate, 1855; Robinson, Me., 1861 and 1862: and in Boone Co., Iowa, 1870-71. He married Sarah Elizabeth Warren of Weston April 11, 1858; Mary Sophronia Gates of South Robinson, Me., Jan. 29, 1891. He is a farmer in Union Township, Boone Co., Iowa, where he has served as Township Trustee, Assessor, School Director and District Treasurer. Post Office address. Perry, Iowa. In the South Dedham School Harriet Allen was a teacher in 1856 and continued her work there till Feb. 9, 1857. She was the daughter of Louis and Achsa (Fisher) Allen, born in 204 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Walpole July 25, 1838 ; was educated in her native town and in Springfield, and taught school for a season in Sharon. She died in Walpole, Oct. 19, 1859, in her twenty-second year. In 1856-7 Hiram A. Oakman taught a year in the north district of the South Parish. lie graduated from the Bridge- water Normal School in 1845 as from Marshfield ; is said to have taught six years and was a clerk in the Boston Custom House in 1876. In 1856 Lucy Lee Fessenden began to teach in an un- graded school at Montague, Mass., hoping then to make teach- ing her life work ; but at the end of her first term she was called home by illness in her father's family and did not teach again till 1873 Avhen she opened a private school in Dedham. She continued it twelve years, the patronage her school re- ceived being sufiicient proof of its excellence. She is the daughter of the Kev. John and Nancy (Baker) Fcsscnd6n, born in Deerfield, and attended the Dedham High School four years, 1852-1856. She still occupies the family home on High Street, Dedham. From 1856 to 1858 Lucy Ada Nye was in charge of the second class of the South Dedham School. She had previously taught in Keene, N. II. ; in North and South Abington, Mass ; and in 1853 and '54 in Virginia. She was the daughter of Apollos and Lucy (Kingsbury) Nye, born in Keene, N. H., Oct. 13, 1825 ; and was educated in the High School of her native town and Whcaton Ladies' Seminary, Norton, Mass. She died Sept. 14, 1858, at Walpole, Mass. Harriet L. Fales had charge of the fourth class of the South Dedham School, 1856 to 1858. She is the daughter of David and Nancy L. Fales, born in Dorchester, Nov. 18, 1836, and married Charles E. Barrows, Oct. 5, 1862, in South Dedham. She resides in Dorchester, Mass. The Clapboardtrces School enjoyed the instruction of Samuel Lankton Gcrould in the winter of 1857-8. While a member of Dartmouth College he had taught two winter terms, OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 205 1854-6, in Marlboro ; and from Sept. 1856 to March 1857, a high school in Stow. After graduation in 1858, and while a member of Union Theol. Sem., New York City, 1858 to 1860, he taught in a private French school. He is the son of the Rev. Moses and Cjaithia (Locke) Gerould, born in New Alstead, N. H. July 11, 1834; married Lucy Abby Merriam of Mason Villiage, N. H., Sept. 20, 1860 ; became pastor of a Cong. Ch. in Stoddard, N. H., Oct. 2, 1861; obtained leave of absence for three years and became a sergeant in the 14th Reg. of N. H. Volunteers, Sept. 23, 1862 ; served as clerk in several courts martial, and left the service July 8, 1865. He is now a pastor in Hollis, N. H., having received the degree of D. D. in 1897 from his alma mater. The primary class of the Centre School, 1857-8, was in the care of Caroline Augusta Howard. Later she taught private classes in drawing. She was the daughter of Sanford and Matilda W. Howard, born in Augusta, Maine, Jan. 12, 1837. Her education was chiefly in private schools of Albany, N. y., and there she graduated from the State Normal School. During the Civil War she was connected with the Sanitary Commission in New York City, and while there often enjoyed the hospitality of the poet, William Cullen Bryant, who was a kinsman of both her father and mother. Her writings, both prose and poetry, received the poet's commendation and occasionally appeared in his paper, the " New York Evening Post." She was active in establishing the Lansing City Library, Mich, which was originally the property of the Ladies' Library Association. Her residence from 1865 was in Lansing where she was devoted to literary work ; and at the time of her death, Jan. 12, 1873, she was a clerk in the office of the State Superintendent of Public Instruction. A poem by her entitled " A Cheer for the Brave" may be found in a collection called " Lyrics of Loyalty." In the winter of 1857-8 the East Street School was in- structed by Benjamin Lovering Pease, a student from Dart- 206 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS mouth College, where he graduated in 1859. He was a native of Meredith, N. H., the son of Noah and Betsey Ann (Pres- cott) Pease, born Nov. 4, 1833. He taught schools in Laconia, Wolfborough and Conway, N. H., and read law with the Hon. D. M. Cristie of Dover, N. H. He was a business man as well as lawyer and died at Oak Park, 111., April 9, 1890. Sarah Maria Chapman was mistress of the Clapboard trees School in the summer term of 1857. She was the daughter of Benjamin and Theoda Chapman, born in Cornish, N. PL, and educated in the public schools of her native town and at Mrs. Ely's Ladies' Seminary in Concord, N. H. July 20, 1872, she was married in Boston to J. Addison Marshall. Previous to her marriage for several years she held clerkships in Newbury- port and Roxbury. Her literary taste found occasional ex- pression in both prose and verse ; and the last twenty-eight years of her life she resided in Dorchester at 22 Alexander Street, where she died, March 2, 1904. In the summer of 1857 the Walpole Corner School was, in the opinion of the committee of the town, well taught by Miss E. M. Nickerson, the daug-hter of Luther and Esther Nickerson of Orleans. She married and resided in Boston. In the summer of 1857 the South District of S. Dedham had as its schoolmistress Mary Augusta Dean of Francestown, N. H., where she had been a teacher, and also in the neighbor- ing towns. She was the daughter of Benjamin and Jane (Todd) Dean and was educated in the public schools and Academy of Francestown. She was married in that town July 29, 1858, to Lewis G. Billings of Sharon, Mass., who died July 16,1871. She resided in Sharon till 1890 ; then removed to Somerville, where she died Oct. 15, 1902. In the winter of 1857-8 the South School of South Ded- ham was in charge of Henry D. Stevens till the 18th of January, when illness compelled him to resign and his decease is referred to in the report of the committee made at the close of the year. Erastus Brown was master of the same school after the OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 207 resignation of Mr. Stevens. A correspondent says, "He taught country schools at intervals a good many years : the latter part of his life was mostly spent in Rhode Island and New Jersey; he died in Mansfield, May 31, 1893." At one time he was a market-man in Dedham and vicinity in partner- ship with the late J. Everett Smith. Chester Holbrook Comey, after teaching schools in Kings- ton, Taunton, Provincetown and Foxboro, began the charge of the South Dedham School in April, 1857, and so continued till July, 1863. After this for several years he engaged in the Life Insurance business with encouraging success. He resumed teaching in Arlington in 1869, and was emploj^ed for a short time in the Dwight School, Boston. But an agency of the Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Co. was his principal business. He was born in Foxboro, Feb. 22, 1832, the son of John and Hannah (Robinson) Comey and educated at Pierce Academy and Bridge water Normal School, graduating in 1852. He married Sarah Dyer Rich in Provincetown, Aug. 27, 1855. For Ave years he w^as a deacon of the First Baptist Church of Cambridge, where in 1881, March 31, "he died as he had lived, an earnest, Christian man." Mary Frances Gragg commenced teaching as assistant in the Dedham High School, Sept., 1857, doing very acceptable work for five years. Then she held a similar position in the Roxbury High for six years. She was the daughter of Moses and Rebecca Newell (Alden) Gragg, born in Milton, June 30, 1839, and was educated in the Roxbury Grammar and High Schools. In 1868, Sept. 7, she was married to Henry White Richards. For a short term she was a member of the Dedham School Committee. She died Aug. 14, 1880. Mary Jane Folsom taught in East Street District two summers, 1857 and 1858 ; in Readville three, 1859, 1860 and 1861; in Westfield three winters, 1859-60, 1860-61, 1861-2. Teaching was her life work for fifty years, chiefly in district schools of Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and Rhode 208 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Island. One of her Readville pupils testifies to her great thoroughness. She was the daughter of Josiah and Abigail (Ham) Folsom, born in Newmarket, N. H., Feb. 10, 1809; educated in its district schools, Lebanon (Me.) Academy, and the Sniithfield Seminary, No. Scituate, R. I. The last years of her life she spent on the " old homestead" in Newmarket, dying there May 24, 1894. George Newcomb was master of the First Middle School from 1857 to 1859 and of the Mill School from 1859 to 1864, having previously taught in Quincy twelve years and in North Chelsea, now Revere, four years. He was born in Quincy, Nov. 8, 1814, the son of James and Lucy (Baxter) Newcomb, and prepared himself to enter college in Braintree and Derby Academies. Ill health preventing a college course, he devoted himself to teaching, at the same time doing much good work in behalf of temperance and other reforms, and was always active in the cause of religion. In 1864 he went to teach the Freed- men in Beaufort, N. C, and was appointed a superintendent of Freedmen's Schools in the South. In March, 1865, eight days after the surrender of Charleston, S. C, he opened the first negro school in that city. In 1867 he was ordained elder in the Methodist Episcopal Church South, Beaufort Circuit; and in 1870 was api)ointed Presiding Elder of the St. John's District, Florida. The same year President Grant, without solicitation, appointed him Collector of the Port of Beaufort; and while executing this oiBce Elder Newcomb died of yellow fever, Oct. 12, 1871. He was united in marriage, Jan. 27, 1836, to Lucy Rand of Charlestown, Mass. ; she, two daugh- ters and a son were left to mourn the loss of one whose worth was widely known because his life was truly a series of benev- olent efforts. For two years and a half out of more than forty which he devoted to instruction, Oliver Francis Bryant served the town of Dedham ; first a year in the Mill Village School from the spring of 1858 ; then in the First Middle a year and a half till OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 209 November, 1860. Having studied at Warren Academy in Woburn in 1848-9 and 1849-50, he taught winter schools in Wihnington ; then studied a year in the Bridgewater Normal School ; next taught two winter terms in Rockport ; in March, 1852, began a year's work as principal of a boys' school in Wilmington, Delaware. In September, 1853, he entered Groton Academy for a year of study, and later spent two years in the "Teachers' Course" of Brown University. Being now suitably equipped, he gave the town of Canton two years of faithful service before coming to Dedham. In November, 1860, he joined the corps of Chauncy Hall teachers, and continued there till July, 1894, when he gave in his resignation. He had tauffht longf and well. He is the son of Oliver and Sarah (Walton) Bryant, born in Stoneham, June 9, 1827 ; married Minerva Richardson of Woburn, Aug. 19, 1856 ; and has made Woburn his home since 1866. Maria Amelia Brooks, from 1858 to 1861, had charge of the second division of the Mill School ; from 1876 to 1890 she was a teacher in the Public School, No. 2, of Elizabeth, New Jersey, making in all seventeen years of approved teaching. She is the daughter of Lemuel Augustus and Eliza Brooks, born in Boston Feb. 19, 1838 ; was educated in Dedham, at- tending the High School two years. In 1861, May 20, she was married to John C. Baker, who died in 1874. Mrs. Baker now resides with two of her four sons in the city of Franklin, Pennsylvania. During a part of the School year 1858-9 Abby Jane Ellis had charge of the fourth class of the South Dedham School. Later she taught in the Gridley School, South Canton, three years, 1862 to 1865 ; then again five years, 1872 to 1877 ; the Ponkapoag School two years, 1877-1879; and as assistant in the Canton High School one term, 1871. She was the daughter of William and Jane (Endicott) Ellis, born in Canton, April 1, 1841, and was educated at the Bridgewater Normal School. She was married to George H. Snow in Canton, Jan. 1, 1865 ; 210 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHEES was Librarian of Canton Public Library three years, 1879 to 1882, in which year she died on the ninth day of November. Hannah M. Lealand was a teacher in the Centre School, 1858-9, of the primary division. She was the daughter of Charles and Caroline Lealand, born Dec. 10,1838, in Dedham, where she died Oct. 26, 1861. She received a diploma at the High School for the three years' course, her scholarship being excellent. From 1858 to 1863 Abbie Ellis Tisdale taught in the primary and intermediate grades of the South Dedham School. She is the daughter of Oileus Aurelius and Louisa (Harding) Tisdale, born in Walpole, April 1, 1840, and educated in the Walpole Corner and West Dedham Schools. Before teaching in this town she was employed one winter term, 1857-8, in the lower division of the North School of Medfield. She now resides in Worcester. John Oliver Winslow Paine was master of the Readville School winter of 1858-9. He is the son of Abner and Com- fort Paine, born in Charlestown, Maine, Jan. 16, 1838; edu- cated in Corinth Academy, Me., Charlestown Academy and the Dedham High School, entering Dartmouth College in 1858. He studied law in Bangor, Me., where he taught school, 1860- 61; also in Oldtown, 1863-4. He entered the U. S. army as 2d Lieut., Co. D, 14th Reg. Maine Vols., 1861, was promoted 1st. Lieut. 1862 ; resigned on account of disability, 1863 ; re-enlisted and was Capt. Co. E, 14th Reg. Maine Vols., 1865, and served till close of the war ; was Provost Judge of the South District of Georgia, 1865; settled in Ottawa, Kas., 1867, and was Dist. Att'y. of Franklin County, Kas., two terms. He is now practising his profession in San Diego, Cal. Captain Paine married in 1869 Jane Price McKinley in Ottawa, Kansas ; in 1886, Anna B. Crofts in San Diego, California. From 1858 to 1865 Mrs. Anna Maria (McNeil) Ingalls was a teacher in the Grove School at East Dedham ; later she taught in Germantown, Penn. She was of Scotch descent, the OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 211 danghter of Amy and Jesse McNeil, born in Easton, Penn., where she was carefully educated. In 1852 she was married there to John Henry Ingalls who died before she began to teach in Dedham. For many years she resided with a sister in Philadelphia where she died March 16, 1900. Her character as a teacher was often commended by the school authorities. In 1858 Matilda Barker Lund was mistress of the Walpole Corner School; in 1859 she was a teacher in that of South Dedham. She is the daughter of William and Mary Isabella (Reynolds) Lund, born in Charlestown, Feb. 12, 1832, and was educated "at home, and in Bradford Academy, graduating in 1853." Since teaching in South Dedham she has resided in Boxford where she has made herself useful as manager of a book club ; director and purchaser of books for the Public Library ; and since 1894 as secretary of the Essex Co. Pomona Grange. Her P. O. address is West Boxford, Mass. From 1858 till March 1860 Lucy Tisdale was mistress of the Clapboardtrees School, having previously taught in Mans- field and Attleboro ; after leaving Dedham she taught several months in Stoughton. She is the daughter of Israel, Jr. and Elvira A. (Cutting) Tisdale, born in Stoughton, educated in its schools, at Pierce Academy, Middleboro, and by private in- struction. She was married Jan. 1861, in Attleboro, to Charles Henry Crummett. When her children were small, for their benefit she taught for four years a private school in her own home. She now resides in Hyde Park, Mass. In the winter of 1858-9 the Walpole Corner School was in charge of Edward Cowles who the winter previous had taught in the South District of Medfield. He is the son of George and Mary (Bradley) Cowles, born in Ryegate, Vt., and edu- cated in the Caledonia, Vt,, grammar school ; Dartmouth Col- lege, A. B. 1859 ; A. M. in Course ; M. D. 1863 ; L. L. D. 1890. He was assistant surgeon and captain in U. S. Army 1863 to 1872; Supt. and resident physician, Boston City Hospital, 1872-9 ; medical supt. of McLean Hospital 1879 to 212 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS January 1, 1904. He married Harriet M. AVainwright at Hanover, N. H., 1865 ; and on April 9, 1904, his address was Warren Chambers, Boston, Mass. Sarah E. Fisher in the summer of 1858 had charge of the South School of South Dedham. In want of facts relating to Miss Fisher we quote from the report of the school committee as follows : " Under her kind, but firm, judicious and efficient management great advance has been made in point of order, studiousness and proficiency." Lucy Anna Calder was a teacher in the Second Middle District many years ; in the primary department from 1858 to 1872, in the grammar department, 1872 to 1878. She began teaching in Walpole at the age of 18 ; then taught several years in the Pierce School of Brookline. She was the daughter of James and Anna Holmes (Baker) Calder, born in Dedham, May 6, 1835, and was educated in the Second Middle School, and three years in the High School. After teaching faithfully and acceptably twenty-five years she bore patiently the j^ears of weakness and decline, bidding a last adieu to the scenes of earth, Sept. 10, 1887. From April 12, 1858, to January 1888, the fifth or sixth division of the First Middle and later Ames School, was in the care of Mary Farrington Hodges, the daughter of Charles and Mary Taylor (Farrington) Hodges. Born in Dedham and educated in the public schools of the town, no one could have been more devoted to the children of the village as they passed in thirty successive classes under her careful hand. As she always guarded her health by daily exercises in walking or rowing, her robust form and cheerful faee during all these years were very familiar on the streets of Dedham and on the waters of Charles River. She died suddenly Jan. 7, 1888; and her friends and pupils claimed the privilege of erecting a stone to her memory in the old Village cemetery. From the autumn of 1858 to that of 1867 Isadora Bonney taught acceptably in the Dedham schools : in the Westfield OF DEDHAM. MASSACHUSETTS 213 District the winter of 1858-9 ; in the South District of South Parish, from the spring of 1859 to spring of 1860 ; then in the Centre School till the spring of 1867; then a term in the Everett School. In Sept. 1867, Miss Bonney entered the Mather School of Dorchester and taught there till March 1, 1869, after that was in the Comins School of Roxbury till Feb. 6, 1871 ; then was transferred to the New Sherwin and taught there till September, 1884, when she resigned her posi- tion and went to reside at a home she had purchased in North Duxbury a few years before. She was the daughter of Daniel and Cordelia Caroline (Coney) Bonney, born in Dedham, March 8, 1840, educated at the public schools, attending the High School five years. She married Samuel O. Whitmore of Plymouth, Sept. 12, 1885. He died January 1896 ; she died in Dedham, January 1905. Harriet Everett Guild taught in the first Middle School 1859 to 1861 ; South Dedham, 1862 and 1863 ; Walpole Cor- ner, 1863 ; and West Dedham, 1864 and 1865. She also taught a year in the Somerville High School. She is the daughter of Francis and Caroline Elizabeth (Covell) Guild, born in Ded- ham, Jan. 11, 1842, and received a diploma of three years at the High School. In 1883, July 12, she was united in mar- riage to William Kingsley Stockdale, and resided in Manchester, N. H. Mrs. Stockdale was Matron of the Massachusetts State Building at the Columbian Exposition at Chicago, 1893. From 1859 to 1861 Nettie Fossett taught the fourth class in the South Dedham School. Her work was commended ; but we regret to say that all other facts concerning her have eluded our search. From March, 1859, to March, 1868, Elizabeth Parkman Porter taught the second division of the First Middle, or Ames School. She was the daughter of George and Emeline (Ban- croft) Porter of Reading, and was educated in the public schools of Reading and at Warren Academy, Woburn, Mass. On the twenty-second of March 1869, she was married to John Laurie, 214 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS and now resides in Jacksonville, Illinois. Were it possible to produce an instrument that grows more efficient the longer it is used, it would resemble Mrs. Laurie's ability to teach. A nine years' trial revealed no defects. Henrietta Caroline Cox after some experience as a teacher in Sharon and Walpolc taught in South Dedham from 1859 to 1861. The daughter of George and Hannah (Drinkwater) Cox, slio was born in Walpoleand educated in its schools. She died there in May, 18(51. Albert H. Essex was master of the Readville School from the autumn of 1859 till he removed with his family to Newport, R. I., in the summer of 1800. His later history has not been learned. John Eaton AVhiting taught the East Street School one winter term, 1859-60, having in 1857-8 been master of the South School of Sharon. Ho is the son of Col. Eaton and Olive (Smith) Whiting of West Dedham, and was educated in the Clapboard trees District School, Dedham High, and Harvard College, A. B., 1862. In 1885, Jan. 12, he was married to Mrs. Elizabeth Carleton (Paige) Pease in Buffalo, N. Y. ; in 1873 he was president of the Dedham High School Association ; in 1877 he published a volume giving occupancy of the Mer- cantile buildings of the city of Boston. The business life of Mr. Whiting has been devoted almost entirely to insurance, as Secretary, Inspector, Rating Clerk, or Manager. From 1865 to 1904, he has been connected with Companies in Charlestown, Mass., Boston, New Orleans, Philadelphia, and New York. Since 1901 he has, to the present, March 20, 1904, been Rating Clerk at the New York Fire Insurance Exchange, residing in New York City ; his P. O. address, Mutual Life Building, 32 Nassau Street, New York. Juliet Frances Sumner was a teacher in the South Dedham School about two years, 1859 to 1861, having previously taught in Foxboro, her birthplace. She is the daughter of Henry Harvey and Experience (Robinson) Sumner, born March 7, OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 215 1837 ; studied at Hopkinton Academy, and graduated at Wheaton Seminary in 1855. After leaving Dedham to care for an invalid mother she opened a private school in Foxboro and later taught again in the public schools there. In 1871 she commenced teaching in the Felton School, Cambridgeport, but resigned in 1874, and on May 14 of that year was married to Thomas Lewis and went to reside in Cambridgeport, for a while carrying on a private school there. In 1882 they returned to Foxboro, where she was soon elected to the school committee and served as their secretary for nine years. Henry Hastings Kimball was master of the East Street School the winter of 1860-()1. He is the son of Isaac and Lucinda (Tenny) Kimball of Temple, N. H., born Sept. 1, 1835, and was educated at Ipswich Appelton Academy and Dartmouth College, graduating A. B. in 1860. The part of his life devoted to teaching was divided as follows : A year in South Canton ; a year and a half in Newton ; and from Sept., 1863, to Nov., 1892, submaster in the Boylston, and master of the Lincoln School, Boston. He is now engaged in business and resides in Boston. The West Dedham Primary School from 1860 to 1865 was well instructed by Annis C. Guild. She is the youngest daughter of Dea. Reuben and Olive (Morse) Guild, born in West Dedham April 14, 1842, and was educated in the West Dedham and High Schools, receiving a diploma for three years. In 1869, Feb. 10, she was united in marriage to Francis D. Hay ward, and now resides in Worcester, Mass. Sallie Bussey Cox in 1860 and 1861 taught in the South Dedham School. She was born in M^alpole, the daughter of George and Hannah (Driukwater) Cox, completed her educa- cation in the Walpole High School, and in 1866 died in Dorchester. Charles E. Fisher was master of the Clapboardtrecs School one winter, 1860-61. All other facts concerning him are wanting. 216 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS The West Dedham School was taught by Thatcher N. Snow from 1860 to 1862. He had been the principal of the High School at South Reading. Some high school studies were taught by him, and his work was commended by the Examining Committee. In 1894 he was a resident of Santa Barbara, California. The winter school of Readville, 1860-1, was in charge of Samuel Hopkins Nichols, who had previously taught in West- minster. In 1862 he taught a high school in East Lexington ; in 1863 was master of a school in South Canton. He was the son of Rev. Samuel and Mary (Burdett) Nichols, born in Wakefield, N. H., and educated in the public schools of his native town, the South Reading High, and the Westfield State Normal. In 1856 he married Elizabeth G. Stow of South Reading, who died in Dedham, 1858 ; in 1866 married Sarah, dausrhter of Rev. Dr. Brown Emerson of Salem, where he died July 9, 1883. The last twenty years of his life Mr. Nichols spent chiefly as an accountant in Boston. In the winter of 1860-1 the school in Walpole Corner was in charge of James H. Stearns of whom I have no further knowledge. In 1860, '61 and '62 the Clapboardtrees, and in 1863 the Walpole Corner School, was in charge of Nancy Caroline Baker. She is the daughter of Lusher Gay and Elizabeth Palmer (Sauford) Baker of West Dedham, and was educated in the schools of her native village and the city of Worcester. She resided in Westwood till her decease. Elizabeth Norton Gardner in the summer of 1860 began to teach Dedham pupils in the Westfield School ; then for a year ending in March 1863 she had charge of the South School of South Dedham ; and in the summer of 1864 of the Readville School. Sharon and Canton schools received the benefit of her instruction ; the Shurtleff School of Revere was two years under her care ; in 1866 the fourth grammar school of Wey- mouth ; and in 1870 a boys' division of the Bunker Hill School OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 217 of Charlestown was taught by her. Sometimes instead of teaching in the public schools she has instructed private classes in the German language. She is the daughter of William Norton and Elizabeth French (Adams) Gardner and a native of East Milton. From the public schools of Milton she continued her education in the Milton Academy, Bridgewater Normal School, Meadville Theological and Cambridge Divinity Schools ; also taking private instruction in languages and vocal culture. Being interested in woman suffrage she was made vice-president of the Massachusetts Woman Suffrage Association. By lec- tures and readings she has frequently aided charitable causes and literary enterprises. She resides in her native town, «< devoted to home cares and occupations." From June 1860 Henry Dame was the master of the Centre School about one year. He is the son of Ivory and Lydia Dame, born in Biddeford, Maine, Dec. 7, 1836 ; re- moved early to Saco, Me., where he fitted for college in the high school. While a student he taught in high schools and academies in Maine, to defray his expenses at Bowdoin College from which he graduated in 1857 ; and before coming to Ded- ham had been two years principal of a high school in South- bridge. He married Ellen S. Bacon at Southbridge, December, 1859. After leaving Dedhani he was two and a half years master of the Nantucket High School, resigning that position to accept the charge of the Peabody High School which continued five years. Other engagements were : Principal of Plymouth High, one year; of Bangor, Maine, High, seven years ; sub- master, Boston English High, one year ; master of a Boys' Preparatory, Boston, several years ; and of the Westfield High, one year. He then engaged in the insurance business about twelve years. For the last few years he has been a dealer in real estate and mining securities ; and now, 1904, resides as for the last eighteen years at 16 Mellen street, Cambridge. Martha Hale Nichols taught in the primary department of the Centre School from April 1860 to April 1862, later in 218 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Bedford, Wakefield and Canton, Mass., in Charleston and Mattoon, 111., and in the school for Freedmen, Vicksburg, Miss., 1865-66, where her work was highly commended. She was the daughter of the Rev. Samuel and Mary Burdett Nichols, born in Barrington, N. H., Sept. 1, 1840; and re- ceived a diploma for three years in the Dedham High School. She died in Dedham, Jan. 23, 1877. Janette Bascom taught in South Dedham two years, 1861 to 1863, and her work in charge of the fourth class was commended. In 1861 Sarah J. Colburn taught in the South Dedham School, filling a vacancy " to the satisfaction of the committee." Soon after the Civil War broke out the military spirit in- vaded the schools of Dedham. The male teachers generally belonged to drill clubs or companies, and the boys of the high school for a year or two spent most of their recesses in the company drill, the master acting as captain so far as he was capable. The lower hall of the school house and the ample playground served as training fields. Some hoys who after- wards did good service on real battlefields took their first lessons in this very elementary soldiering. But when the war ended military athletics in Dedham soon died out. Another result of the war Avas less invigorating to the teachers of Ded- ham. To enable the town to pay high bounties to volunteer soldiers, there was need of retrenchment somewhere. And though the ciurency was inflated, the prices of food and fuel nearly doubled, though cotton goods rose to a fourfold value, and all other laborers were receiving an increase of wages, the salaries of Dedham teachers were considerably reduced. We need not say that the return of peace was hailed by them with unfeigned delight. They had sacrificed enough for the public good to prove their patriotism ; with little complaining they had waged war with all sorts of increased bills and expenses. They fully realized the truth uttered by one of the opulent town fathers whose son was then fitting for college in the high OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 219 school, and Avho said "the reduction of teachers' salaries will be a good lesson in economy." It was indeed so, but I am not aware that he Avas ever sincerely thanked for his suggestion. Myra A. Beaumont was mistress of the East Street School in 1861, having previously taught in Canton, Foxboro and Walpole. She is the daughter of Alexander and May (Richer) Beaumont of Canton, and was educated in the public schools of her native town and the high school of Manchester, N. H. She was married to Thomas Jefferson Harris of Medford, in 1862: and in 1903 resided in the city of New York at 117 East 40th St., with her son Dr. Thomas J. Harris. Frances Evelyn Cox taught in the South Dedham School from 1861 to 1868. She was born in Troy N. Y., the daugh- ter of George and Hannah (Drinkwater) Cox; was educated in the South Dedham public schools, and in the Holliston and Bridge water Adelphian Academies. She died in Dorchester, Mass., Sept. 21, 1891. Abbie Talbot Crane taught very successfully in the Grove (now Avery) School from 1861 to 1864, and in the Ames from 1864 to 1882. She is the daughter of Ebenezer Paul and Sarah Stowe (Clarke) Crane, born in Dedham April 13, 1839 ; was educated in the Grove and Dedham High schools, attend- ing the latter three years. She w^as married to George Francis Wight of Dedham, June 6, 1882. She resides in Dedham, at 213 Highland street, in the house built by her grandfather, Major Jacob Clarke, in 1798. Susan Emeline Follansbee, in the summer of 1861, was mistress of the South District School of South Dedham. In 1862 she taught in Pittston, Me. ; in Ponkapoag, Mass., 1863 or 4, and for a short time in the First District, Dedham Vil- lage, in 1864. She was the daughter of Capt. Alonzo Walter and Nancy Sherman (Mackintosh) Follansbee, born in Pitts- ton, Me., April 28, 1842; received a diploma from the Dedham high school for three years in 1859 ; married Joseph 220 • THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS T. Roberts, Nov. 23, 1865, and resided in Charlestown, Mass., where she died Sept. 28, 1866. Mrs. Clara Robie McCoy taught in the North District of South Dedham one terra in 1861. She was the daughter of Col. Frederick W. A. and Lucinda (Goldthwait) Robie, born at Plymouth, N. H. : a graduate of Mt. Holyoke Seminary ; and taught one year at Waukegan, 111., and two years at the Delaware Institute, Franklin, N. Y. Her first husband was Prof. Henry McCoy of the Delaware Institute ; her second, William G. Scott of Richmond, Indiana. Mrs. Scott while on a journey abroad, died at Paris, April 1, 1902. In 1861 a "high school grade" was established in the South Dedham School, and Martha Gilman Robie was the first teacher of the classical course, a position she held till 1866. She was a thorough teacher as proved by the pupils that came from her hands to continue their studies in the Dedham high school. She is the daughter of Col. Frederick W. O. and Lucinda (Goldthwait) Robie, born in Plymouth, N. H., and educated at the academy of her native town and the Delaware Literary Institute of Franklin, N. Y. In 1866, June 5, she was married to Francis Olney Winslow of Norwood where she has since resided. Her interest in education has been recognized by the town in asking for her services on the school committee for six years, during one of which she was chairman of the board. In 1862 and 1863 Helen May Beaumont had charge of the East Street School, having previously taught in Foxboro ; later she was a teacher in the Everett School of Boston. The daughter of Alexander and May (Richer) Beaumont, she was born at Great Falls, N. H., and educated in the Canton public schools. In 1867 she was married to Joseph Hubbard of Boston ; she died in Roxbury March 14, 1883. " She was a successful teacher, a brilliant personality, a woman admired and beloved by a large circle of friends." From January 20, 1862, to December, 1866 Martha Met- OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 221 calf taught in the South Dedham School having previous ex- perience in the schools of Wrentham, Franklin and Walpole, and for a short time in the Perkins Institute for the Blind in South Boston. She is the daughter of Joseph Addison and Chloe F. A. Metcalf of Winthrop, Me., where she began her education, continuing it in Franklin, Mass., at a private school in Lowell, and an English and classical school in Walpole, of which Andrew Washburn was principal. She was married in Franklin, Feb. 13, 1867, to Melzar W. Allen of Walpole, where she has been a member of the school committee, and for the last nineteen years a trustee of the Public Library, and at the present time is secretary of the Board. The private school of Rev. Calvin Stoughton Locke from 1862 to 1892 added greatly to the educational facilities of Dedham. Some of our best teachers were taught there. Mr. Locke had previously taught in Boxford, 1848, Gill, '49, Essex, ' 50 and '51, again in Boxford ' 52 ' 53 ' 54. He is the son of Amos Jewett and Clementine (Stoughton) Locke, born in Acworth, N. H. ; educated in Kimball Union Academy, Plainfield, N. H., Williston Seminary, Amherst College and Harvard Divinity School. To these he humorously adds *' the school of life in Dedham and Westwood." He was mar- ried June 6, 1855, in Northboro to Anne Lincoln ; ordained in West Dedham Dec. 6, 1854; dismissed June 20, 1864; preached in Dover 1869 to 1880. Mr. Locke has visited Europe three times, once accompanied by his wife and daughter, and has travelled almost everywhere, avoiding only the snows of Scandinavia and Russia. He has also turned his steps southward, and has been usefully interested in the colored schools of Georgia and the improvement of their teachers. Between 1858 and 1884 Mr. Locke was a member of the Dedham School Committee twenty years ; chairman , twelve years. In Westwood he has been chairman of the board since 1897 to the present, 1904. Helen Mann Tucker from 1862 to 1870 was mistress of 222 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS the Fisher School, having previously taught in Kaymond, N.H. She is the daughter of Bernard and Sally (Dudley) Tucker, born in Raymond, N. H., and educated in her native town, Brighton and Dedham, Mass. She was married in Worcester, Feb. 2(3,1872, to John Eaton, Jr. of Dedham, and was a resident of Raymond, March 25, 1904. Martha Gay Baker taught the Westfield School from April 1862 to July 1864. She was born in West Dedham, Sept. 11, 1843, the daughter of Lusher Gay and Elizabeth Palmer (Sanford) Baker; received a three years diploma at the Dedham High School ; and was married to James Bradford Baker, Sept. 27, 1864. She died in Westwood, April 25, 1898. Aspasia Priscilla Tubbs was a teacher in the Centre School in 1862, having previously, 1859-'60-'61, taught in Worcester. She was born in West Dedham, the daughter of Benjamin Holbrook and Aspasia Euphrosina Priscilla Tubbs, and educa- ted in the West Dedham public schools and the Ladies' College at Worcester. She was married December 18, 1862, in West Dedham, to Charles Edward Draper, and in 1904 resided at 112 Bower Street, Roxbury. John Folsom Patten, from April 1862, was master of the First Middle School two years. He has been a teacher of schools in Portsmouth and several other towns in New Hampshire ; also in the academy at South Berwick, Me. He has also been en- gaged in various lines of business and manufacturing, residing for some years in Duluth, Minn. At present he resides in Lynn, Mass., and is a teacher in the Business College of that city. He is the son of Jesse and Lucinda (Evans) Patten, and was born in Auburn, N. H., May 24, 1831. He was educated at academies in Manchester and Tilton, N. H., and was married in Lynn, April 11, 1861, to Elizabeth Ellen Brimblecom. He is remembered in Dedham as a man of original ideas and a happy faculty in school discipline. Roland Francis Alger was master of the South Dedham OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 223 School from 1863 to 1867. He had previously taught district schools in Rochester, W. Bridgewater, Bridgewater and S. Ab- ington, 1858 to 1860 ; high school, North Middleboro, 1860-62 ; Titicut Academy, a select school in Canton, 1862-3 ; after leaving Dedham was master of the Edward Everett School of Dorchester, 1867 to 1875. He is the son of Stillraan and Elvira (Alger) Alger, born in West Bridgewater, and educated in the Pierce Academy of Middleboro, and Brown University. He was married May 30, 1861, at North Middleboro, to Katharine L. Dunbar; in 1869 and 1870 was president of the Norfolk County Teachers' Association; and since 1876 has been a Baptist, minister in Massachusetts and Vermont, and resided in 1904 at 36 Northern Avenue, Dorchester, Mass. Florence A. Billings taught a division of the South Ded- ham School in 1863 and 1864, also in 1869 and 1870. Two years, 1863 and 1864, Adelaide Elizabeth Winship of Medfiold was mistress of the South School, South Parish ; frorai 1866 to 1871 she taught in the north district of the same parish. She is the daughter of George Washington and Mary Elizabeth Winship of South Canton, and was educated at the Stoughton- ham Institute of Sharon. She taught schools in North Sharon four or five terms and was the teacher of two schools in the town of Norfolk, remaining there about four years. From Sept. 1863 till April, 1867 the first Middle or Ames School had for its master Horace Hamilton Currier. His par- ents were Thomas Sargent and Betsey (Emery) Currier of Amesbury where he was born in 1838. The Davis Academy of Amesbury and the Putnam Free School of Newburyport edu- cated him for teaching. In Amesbury and Brighton he had his first experience. He gave up teaching to study law ; began this work in the office of Judge Ely in Dedham and continued it in the Harvard Law School, graduating LL. B. in 1869. After this for several years he was associated with the firm of Hutchins and Wheeler of Boston. Later he practised his pro- fession in Amesbury. In 1872 he married Anna Allen of 224 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Chelsea, a niece of the late Charles Allen, Chief Justice of the Superior Court of Massachusetts. He died in Amesbury,' October, 1879. Other interesting facts of his life I omit, to give room for what the Poet Whittier, his intimate friend and admirer, was pleased to say of him at his funeral. " In attempting to put into words my sense of the loss we have sustained from the death of Horace Hamilton Currier, I am sure I do but echo the general feeling of the community. As he is laid to rest under the beautiful sunshine of the season he loved so well, some expression of that feeling seems due to him and a necessary relief to us. '*He was born among us, and the story of his blameless boy- hood, his eager thirst for knowledge, his industry, his studious habits, his loyalty to truth and duty, his honorable ambition overcoming great obstacles, his success and popularity as a teacher, are known to all and need not be dwelt upon. Here and everj'^where he found friends, and he had no enemies. He entered upon his legal profession with a high ideal of Justice and Duty ; and, in a few years, acquired the reputation of a sound and faithful advocate, of unquestioned ability and integ- rity. The great affliction of the death of his estimable wife, <3oming upon him after a year of anxious Avatching at her bed- side, together with onerous labors in his profession, broke down his health, and compelled him to seek relief in change of air and rest. How bravely he bore up against the disease that was sap- ping his strength, his patience, cheerfulness, and constant desire to promote the happiness of all about him, many summer so- journers at the Isles of Shoals and among the New Hampshire hills will now freshly remember. They will not forget how under ' God's shaping chisel of pain,' his moral and spiritual nature seemed to manifest a more perfect symmetry. His love of Nature was a marked characteristic ; and he had an artist's feeling for whatever was picturesque or beautiful, which seemed to increase with the decline of his bodily strength. "The earthly chapter of his life has now closed. If he did OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 225 not reach the ideals of his noble aims, if the physical man failed and faltered under the strain of effort, who shall say that his life was an unsuccessful one ? He had achieved character ; he had ripened for immortality. He has left to his children a legacy richer than gold ; to his friends a precious memory, and to all who knew him an example of the power of uprightness and the beauty of purity. " For he to many among us gave A reverence for the true and pure. The perfect which has power to save And make the doubting sure." From 1863 to 1873 Ellen Bates was a faithful and effec- tive teacher in the Ames School, having previously taught for a time in Hanson, Mass. She is the daughter of Eben and Betsey (Kenney) Bates of Yarmouth, Maine, in which town and in Bangor she was educated to be a teacher. Her residence is still in Dedham. Charles Frederick Kimball began to teach in the West Dedham School April 1863, continuing there till April 1866 when he became master of the Mill Village School. In 1868 he was appointed an usher in the Rice School of Boston and became sub-master in 1877, and held this position till March, 1903. He is a native of Temple, N. H., son of Isaac and Lucinda (Tenney) Kimball, born Dec. 3, 1830. His preparation for teaching was chiefly in the Francestown, Peterborough and Ipswich Appleton Academies. His first school was in New Bos- ton, N. H., 1849-50 ; then a winter each in Milford, New Ipswich and Rindge, N. H., and in Townsend, Mass. Just previous to coming to Dedham, he taught in Mason, N. H., Fitchburg and Attleboro, Mass. August 5, 1859, he married at Temple, N. H., Juliet Augusta Stanley. He was school committee in Attleboro, 1863 ; in Dedham nine years from March, 1886. As a teacher Mr. Kimball was thorough, accurate and progressive, enjoying in a high degree the confidence of parents and affection of his pupils. He has resided in Dedham since 1863. 226 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHEKS In the autumn of 1863, Sarah Annie Shorey was elected assistant teacher in the High School, having taught several months of the preceding year in the High School of Minneap- olis, Minn. She continued her excellent work in Dedham till September, 1870, and since then has been constantly employed in the Girls' High School of Boston. Her proficiency in Chemistry, which she had studied at the Institute of Tech- nology while still teaching in Dedham, made her an acceptable teacher of that study for several years ; later she has been allowed to indulge her preference in teaching languages, history and English. She is the daughter of John and Cor- nelia (Guild) Shorey of Dedham ; was educated in her native town, completing with great thoroughness the four years course of the high school, and now resides at 194 Park street, West Roxbury. Adelina May was mistress of the East Street School 1863, 4 and 5, having previously taught in Fitchburg. After leaving Dedham she was for about sixteen years an acceptable teacher in the Comins School, Roxbury, leaving her position there to care for her invalid mother. She is the daughter of Nathaniel and Mary (Beaumont) Maj^ born in Dedham and educated in the Grammar and High Schools of Fitchburg. For the last twenty-one years she has resided in Lynn, and at the present time lives at 37 Baltimore Street. Miss S. A. Carpenter had charge of the third division of the South Dedham School two years, 1864 and 1865. Almira Gardner Pierce was mistress of the Westfield School 1864-5 ; then for a few months of the Oak Hill School in Newton ; later two terms in Holbrook ; but since 1868 she has been the principal of the Wads worth School of Milton. She is the daughter of Oliver and Mary Gardner Pierce of Dedham, where she was educated and received a diploma for four years at the Dedham High School. Her adopted daughter, Marion Lewis, is an assistant in her school. Her residence is OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 227 in Milton. A brief record of long and efficient service : who can measure its influence? In the winter of 1864-5 Mr. H. P. Parmelee was master of the Walpole Corner School. The Summer School of 1864 in Walpole Corner was taught by Miss S. P. Dillingham, whose friends, as they peruse this record, will have to be content with " the fascination of a name" merely. For two years, 1864 and 1865, Willard Francis Estey was master of the MiHj now Avery, School, having previously tauofht in the schools of Easton, Sharon, Canton and Milton. He was the son of Willard and Mary Randall Estey, born in North Easton, August 30, 1839. He was educated in the public schools of North Easton and Sharon, an academy in Walpole, and later at the Phillips Exeter Academy. At Stoughton, April 6, 1863, he married Jane E. Withington of Canton, and resided a short tinie in Canton and Milton, then in Dedham till the autumn of 1867, when he removed to Hyde Park. After teachino; in Dedham he studied law in the offices of Ellis Ames of Canton and F. D. Ely of Dedham, and was admitted to practice in the courts of Mass. in 1866 ; and in 1870 in the U. S. Circuit Court at Boston. He was a member of the School Committee in Dedham and Hyde Park, and a trial justice for Norfolk County. In 1883 he removed to Lewiston, Maine, and died there May 18, 1903. " Circum- stances forced Mr. Estey to earn his education ; and, to the day of his death, he continued to be a diligent student." Abby Louise Baker began her long and effective work as a teacher in West Dedham January, 1865, having charge of the primary department. Then she taught the Endicott School the summer of 1869. Afterwards she taught in Melrose two years ; and since then has continued her labors in Roxbury in the Dearborn and Hugh O'Brien Schools, twenty years or more. She is the daughter of Francis Whiting and Lucinda Stowe Baker, of West Dedham, and now resides in Roxbury. 228 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Abbie Louisa Wight Everett in 1865 began to teach in the "Westfield district and was soon transferred to the Readville School and remained there some years after it became the Damon School of Hyde Park. Later she was the Master's assistant in the Everett School of Boston, Dorchester District. She is the daughter of Aaron Emmelius and Abby Lovell (Wight) Everett, born in Boston and educated in the Dedham schools, receiving a diploma for three years at the High School. In 1883, March 3, she was married to Frank Forrester Jaques and went to live in Chicago ; later removed to Kansas City, Mo. ; but now resides in Chicago. Vodisa Comey taught in the South Dedham No. District School in 18ii5, having charge of the second division. The school of the South District of South Dedham was well taught in the summer of 1865 by Lucy Rebecca Ellis. In the following autumn she went to Canton and taught there successfully four years. She is a native of South Dedham, the daughter of Rufus and Hannah (Guild) Ellis, born March 16, 1846. She received a three years' diploma from the Dedham High School ; was married to Montgomery Olmstead of Jamaica Plain, Jan. 12, 1870; and has since resided mostly at Savin Hill, Dorchester. The South District School of S. Dedham was taught by Lewis Nason Sumner through the winter of 1865-6, his first and last school. He was the son of Lewis and Keziah (Dudley) Sumner, born in Dorchester, and educated in the public schools and Oakland Institute of Needham, and at Wilbraham Acad- emy. He married in Needham, Nov. 7, 1867, Susan Davis of Stanstead, Canada. He resided in Charlestown and had busi- ness connections with the Byam and Dudley Match Manufac- tory ; his only ofl5ce "Superintendent of Sunday School." Died Jan. 13, 1875. Mrs. Mary (Chisholm) Hutchins was a successful teacher in the Avery School from October 1865 to April 1870 ; began to teach in the Quincy School in 1874 where she remained OF DEDHAM. MASSACHUSETTS 229 until her resignation in June 1903. She is the daughter of William and Isabel (Graham) Chisholm of Dedham, and was married to George Henry Hutchins of Dedham, Dec. 27, 1860 ; he died January 8, 1864. Mrs. Hutchins was educated in the public schools of Dedham and Lowell, and has paid her debt to this town by thirty-four years of devoted service. Evidently the town is greatly her debtor ; may Heaven audit the account and reward her fidelity. Sarah Holland Fish began to teach in the Readville School in 1865, doing very acceptable work three years. In 1868 she taught two terms in the Avery School. She is the daughter of James Fabens and Frances Maria (Mackintosh) Fish, born in Dedham, June 12, 1848, and in 1864 received a well-earned diploma for four years at the High School. She was married at Hyde Park to J. Frank Hammer, Sept. 25, 1873 ; at the present time she resides in Nashua, N. H. Edna Frances Calder began to teach in the Avery School in 1865 ; was transferred to the Ames in 1867 ; and became First Assistant in the High School in 1868, doing most accept- able work there till 1871, when she was elected to the same position in the Roxbury High School. In 1882 she was trans- ferred to the West Roxbury High, and remained there till 1890. Then relinquishing her work to care for her aged parents, she has since resided in Dedham ; is at present Assistant Librarian of the Dedham Historical Society, and was one of the editors of the Historical Register. She is a native of Dedham, the daughter of James and Anna Holmes (Baker) Calder ; re- ceived a four years diploma at the High School ; also studied chemistry in the Institute of Technology, 1868-9. In the pre- paration of this record her assistance has often been most acceptable and deserves grateful acknowledgment. From 1865 to 1878 Abbie Aurelia White taught success- fully in several different departments of the Everett School ; also in the Railroad Ave. School. She is the daughter of James Franklin and Lavina Eliza White, born in South Ded- 230 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS ham and educated in South Dedham, Worcester, and Elizabeth, N. J., schools. She was married Dec. 20, 1878, to Edgar Laban Bigelow of Norwood, where she resided in March, 1904. From 18()5 to 18()8 Mrs. Mary Urania (Pullcn) Pond was an efficient teacher in the Everett School, having previously tauirht a short term in North Sharon. She is the daughter of Sumner Bond and Elvira (Whiting) Pullcn, born in East Winthrop, Maine, and educated in the schools of South Ded- ham, where she was married Nov. 30, 1805, to Charles Edwin Pond. Her address ]\Iarch, 1904, was Nahatan Street, Norwood. Julia A. Ellis taught the Union School, 186(3 and 1867, when it received its new name. She is said to have married a Mr. Pike, and to live in Bath or Gardiner, Me., but inquiries sent to those places elicited no reply. William II. Knight, a graduate of Middlcbury College, was master of the Colburn School one year, 1866-7. Later he was i)rincipal of the Hyde Park High School. Sarah Hodges was mistress of the Endicott School from 1866 to 1869. She was living at Attleboro in 1904. Delia Clementina Paine, having previously taught from 1862 to 18(>5 in Dennis, took charge of the second class of the Everett School in 1866, and taught faithfully till the autumn of 1868. She is the daughter of Levi and (Clementina Maria (Leonard) Paine of East Randolph ; was educated at Worces- ter Academy, and Oak Ilill Seminary, West Haven, Conn. November 18, 1868 she was married at Lakeville to Edward Payson Stetson of Walpole where in 1904 she still resided. Nancy C. M. Winship was mistress at the south district school. South Parish, two summers, 1866 and 1867. After- wards she taught in Randolph, 1868 ; South Weymouth, 1869 ; and in Medfield, 1870 and 1871. She was born in Canton, Oct. 6, 1844, the daughter of Silas M. and Julia A. Winship, and was educated in the grammar schools of Maine, and later in North Bridge water Academy, her special tastes being literary. She was married in Randolph August 6, 1871, to OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 231 Byron W. Loud of South Weymouth in which town she died March 10, 1893. The Names of Dedham Schools. The Ames School named in honor of Fisher Ames at the dedication of a new schoolhouse in 1859, is the local successor of the school established in 1644. In the records it has been designated as *' the school near the meeting-house," <' the Town School," "the Centre School," " First Middle" and " District No. One." The Avery School, named in 1867 by the School Com- mittee in honor of Dr. William Avery, who gave fifty pounds for the benefit of a " Latin School in Dedham," was previously known as "The Mill School," "The Grove School" and " District No. Three." The Dexter School, also named in 1867, and in honor of Samuel Dexter, who was a leading citizen of Dedham from 1762 to 1775, was previously known as " District No. Two," or the " Second Middle School." The Damon School, now in Hyde Park, received its name in 1867, to honor Deacon Samuel Damon who left the town of Dedham $1000, the income of which was to be distributed annually to the worthy poor of the town. It was first called " The Low Plain School," later " The Readville," or "District No. Four." The Colburn School, now in Westwood, was so named by the committee in March, 1867, in honor of Warren and Dana P. Colburn, both natives of that school district, and authors of works on Arithmetic. It had been previously known as " The West Dedham School," or " District No. Eight," and at a very early date as Clapboardtrees. The Fisher School, now of Westwood, was named also in 1867 in memory of Capt. Daniel Fisher, who was prominent in Dedham from 1639 to 1683 ; and of Hon. Ebenezer Fisher, who gave for the benefit of the West Dedham Schools $1000. 232 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Previously this was called *'The Clapboardtrees School," or " Disti'ict No. 9." " The Clapboardtrees" was originally used as the local name of West Dedhani, because the excellent pine timber abounding there supplied clapboards for most of the houses in the township. The Endicott School was so named in 18()7 out of respect for the Hon. John Endicott, a native of Canton, but a leading citizen of Dedham from 1787 to 1857, and for several years her representative in the legislature. Previously the school was known as "The East Street" or District No. Five," in which Mr. Endicott resided. The Everett School, now of Norwood, was named in 18(>7 out of respect for the lion. Edward Everett whose ancestors were residents of South Dedham. Formerly it had been designated as "South Dedham, North District," "North District of the Second Parish" or " District No. Six." The Balch School, now of Norwood, was named in 18G7 in memory of the Rev. Thomas Balch, the first minister of tlie Second Parish. Previously it had been known as the " South District of the South, or Second Parish" " The Old Brick" or "District No. Seven." , The Burgess School, now discontinued, was named in 1867, to commemorate the Rev. Dr. Ebenezer Burgess, a resi- dent of the District at Broad Oak, and for many years a generous patron and supporter of the school, then called "The AVestfield School," or "District No. Eleven." The Union School, no longer existing, was so named in 18 f) 7 because it was composed of pupils from the three towns of Dedham, Medfield and Walpole ; having been previously known as the " Walpole Corner School," or "District No. Ten." The Quincy School took its name from the Hon. Josiah Quincy of Boston, who liberally promoted the settlement of the locality known as German town. The Oakdale School bears the local name of its neighbor- OF DEDHAM. MASSACHUSETTS 233 hood. In 1850 the place was chiefly an oak forest, known as *' Whiting's woods." The Riverdale School was named by the town from the neighboring estate of Mr. Nickerson when the money was appropriated for its first schoolhouse. The Islington School took the local name of its neighbor- hood and is now in Westwood. Charlotte A. Titcomb began to teach in the Everett School in 18GG and resigned in April, 18G7. Mary C. Everett was mistress of the Balch School from 18G7 to 1869. In August, 1867, George L. Faxon was appointed master of the Everett School and retained the position till April, 1868. William Henry Wescott entered on his duties as master of the Ames School in April, 18(57, and with the exception of a part of 1870 continued in that position till 1873. He en- joyed his work, and the school was happy under his careful instruction. He is the son of Edward and Catherine Louisa Wescott, born in Boston, April 9, 1840, and was educated in Boston Schools and Phillips Exeter Academy. He received the degree of M. D. from the Harvard Medical School in 1874. He was an assistant surgeon in the U. S. Navy from 1862 to 1865. In 1883 he was married in Boston to Josephine Hil- drcth Waters and in 1902, practised his profession at 204 Adams street, Dorchester District, Boston. The primary class of the Damon School in 18G7 came into the care of Annie Janet Barton and so remained till 1869 when she became a teacher in the Avery. In 1879 she resigned to take an advanced course, including German and French, in the State Normal School at Bridge water and graduated in 1882. From Sept. 1882 to July 1884 she taught in the High School of Maywood, Illinois ; in Sept. 1885 she began to teach in the Amos, but in a few days was put in charge of one-half of the fourth class of the High School, continuing it till December, 1887, when she was elected principal of the Colburn. This 234 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS position she filled most acceptably till November, 1901, when on account of failing* health she was granted leave of absence for a year ; at the end of which, being no better, she sent in her resignation. She was the daughter of Anson F. and Janet (Chisholm) Barton, born in Med way, and a graduate of the four 3'ears course of the Dedham High School, which seldom has a more thorough scholar, or efficient teacher. Thousands would have rejoiced in her restoration to health, but she died May 16, 1904. Abbie Frances Ellis taught in the Everett School from 1867 to 1871, having previously taught in Canton. She was the daughter of Alvin L. and Martha Bassett (Dean) Ellis of South Dedham, where she died January 4, 1872, aged 27 years. Hattie Anna Dana taught the Burgess School from June to the last of November 1867, and from April 1868 to January 1869. She was born January 24, 1847, the daughter of Wil- liam and Harriet (Burns) Dana of Dedham, and received a diploma of four years at the High School. November 19, 1873, she was married to William Huggett at East Canaan, N. H. At the present time she resides at West Canaan, and, though leading a busy life on a farm, still enjoys reading and tries " to keep on learning as the years go by." From 1867 to 1872 Sarah Perrigo Fales was a teacher in the Everett School, having previously taught in Mllford. She is the daughter of Silas and Roxie Fales, born in Walpole, and educated in the public schools of her native town to the end of the Hiijh School course. She was married to E. Monroe Boyden, April 2, 1872. After her marriage she taught in Norwood and Norfolk, and resided in Norwood, Mass., March, 1904. In 1867-8 and 9 Martha Jane Hay ward was an approved teacher in the Everett School, having previously taught in North Middleborough, summer of 1863 ; in Bridgewater win- ter of 1863-4, and the Gridlev School of Canton, 1864, 1865 OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 235 and 1866. She is the daughter of Daniel Leach and Hannah Fobes Hay ward, born in Bridge water, and educated in its public schools and the North Middleborough Academy, now endowed and named the Pratt Free School. May 4, 1870, she was married in Bridgewater to Sidney Ed wards Morse of South Dedham ; March 18, 1883, at Norwood, to Leonard Boyd of Norwood. Iler address in 1904 was 61 Allerton Road, New- ton Highlands. Josephine Maria Prince taught continuously and very ac- ceptably in the Ames School from 1867 till 1881. She is the daughter of James Harvey and Lucy Maria Prince, born in Dedham. She Avas educated in the Dedham schools, receiving a three years diploma at the High School. October 12, 1881, she was married to Edward Crane Paul of Dedham, where she still resides on Worthington Street. George Marshall Fellows was master of the Avery School 1868-9. He had been a teacher in the following towns : Alexandria, Holderness, Bridgewater, Contoocook and Frank- lin, N. H. ; Corinth, Vt. ; Westport, Mass., and in Falley Seminary, N. Y. He left Dedham to teach in Hyde Park, and for the last twenty-eight years has taught in Boston. He is the son of Calvin Peterson and Mary Jane (Worthen) Fellows; born in Bristol, N. H. ; fitted for college at the New Hampton Literary and Biblical Listitution ; was graduated A. B. at Dartmouth College, 1862 ; was married August 12, 1862, at Bristol, N. IL, to Pollen Maria Emmons. He resides in Hyde Park where for six years he was a member of the School Com- mittee and Secretary of the Board. Peter Levi Woodbury was Master of the Everett School 1868-9. The son of Jesse and Hannah Wilson (Duncklee) Woodbury, he was born in Francestown, N. H.,May 4, 1840; prepared at Francestown Academy for Dartmouth College, from which he graduated in 1865. Teaching has been his life work. In 1867 he was thus employed in the High School of Hanover, Mass. After leaving Dedham he taught in Braintree ; later he 236 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS was connected with Nebraska College, Neb., sixteen years; with Bishop Whipple's School, Moorhead, Minn., four years ; the Holderness School, N. H., six years; and six years with the Howe School, Lima, Ind., of which he is now, 1904, the Head Master. The Colburn School from 1868 to 1870 was well taught by Joseph Washing-ton Armington, already a teacher of varied ex- perience. He had enjoyed this work in Rutland and Holden, Mass. ; Lunenburg, Vt. ; Lancaster and Warren, N. H. ; Hardwick, Ashburnham, AVeymouth, Milford, Quincy, Hol- brook, and Lexington, Mass. After leaving Dedhani, he taught in Weymouth twenty -three years ; in Everett ten years, and is now enjoying the eleventh year, as I infer from a note of Jan. 20, 1904, in which he says, " I never felt better than now, and enjoy teaching as much as ever." He is the son of Nathaniel Kent and Betsey (Carr) Armington ; born in St. Johnsbury, Vt. ; educated in the schools of Holden, Worcester Academy, Wilbraham Academy, and the Albany Law School. He was married, April 23, 1863, to Clarinda Lincoln Fearing; and now, in the fifty-first year of his teaching resides at 15 Hamp- shire Street, Everett, Mass. Maria Louisa Wheelock began to teach in North Walpole in 1867 and continued there about a year. In 1868 she took charge of a class in the Everett School and did very acceptable work till 1879. She is the daughter of Elijah and Mary (Colburn) Wheelock, born in West Dedham, Nov. 7, 1848 ; attended the schools in South Dedham ; then studied in the High School one year and received a four years diploma. Married Charles H. Souther, Dec. 23, 1879. She now, 1904, resides at Jamaica Plain. In 1902, her four children, three sons and a daughter, were all members of Harvard and Smith Colleges : a cause of mj' earnest congratulations to both parents and children. Mary Adaline Alden was a faithful and efficient teacher in the Ames School one year from September, 1868 ; then went OF DEDHAM. MASSACHUSETTS 237 to the Avery and taught thirteen years. Later she taught in Norwood one year. She is the daughter of Samuel Fales and Sarah Whiting (Fales) Alden, born in Dedham and educated in the East Street and High Schools, receiving a diploma for three years. Her present residence, 1904, is at Endicott, Mass. Sarah Elizabeth Cheney from the autumn of 1868 to the winter of 18(39 taught the school at Walpole Corner; then the Winter term of the Fisher School ; next the primary depart- ment of the Colburn School from May, 1871, to November, 1876. She had also taught in North Wrentham the summer and winter terms of 1867-8, and in South Walpole the winter of 1870-71. She is the daughter of Samuel and Mary Cheney, was born in West Dedham, and educated at Rev. Mr. Locke's private school. Oct. 23, 1878, she was married to Percy E. Tisdale, and in 1904 resided in Walpole. The primary department of the Colburn School from 1868 to 1878 was well instructed by Sarah Arnold Ellis. She is the daughter of Caleb and Abigail (Harding) Ellis of Medfield, and received her thorough preparation for teaching in the Medfield High School. Oct. 23, 1878, she was united in marriage to George M. Mann, and resided in Fitchburg, Mass., Jan., 1904. Harriette Elizabeth Whiting was a teacher in the Avery School in 1868, having previously taught in Wrentham a year and a half; in 1873-4 she was in charge of the Fisher School. She was the daughter of Otis B. and Lavinia (Wickes) Whit- ing, born in South Dedham, Aug. 13, 1849, and educated in the Dedham grammar and high schools. She left teaching on account of failing health, and died in Dedham, June 28, 1874. Ellen Wickes Whiting commenced teaching in the Avery School in 1868 ; so contitmed till 1872, when she was trans- ferred to the Ames and taught there most acceptably till 1879. She was the daughter of Otis B. and Lavinia (Wickes) Whi<> ing, born in South Dedham, Sept. 3, 1852, and was educated in the Dedham grammar and high schools ; married Frank 238 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Webb Blake of Norfolk, Va., Feb. 19, 1879. Mrs. Blake died July 10, 188G. In 1869-70 Elsie H. Curtis was a teacher in the Avery School. She is the daughter of Edward Henry and Hannah C. (Noyes) Curtis, born in Dedhara, Dec. 26, 1848. Receiv- ing a four years diploma at the High School in 1866, she continued her education at the Salem State Normal School. She was married to Alfred Ewer in Dedham, Nov. 17, 1870, and now resides at 23 Schuyler Street, Dorchester, Mass. In May, 1869, D. N. Lane, or D. A. Lane, Jr., was elected Master of the Everett School, but resigned the position about the first of December. During a part of the year 1869-70 Emma Tisdale was a teacher in the Everett School. She had previously taught in North Easton, Easton Furnace, and North Sharon. She left teaching in 1870 and learned typewriting. She was the daugh- ter of Josiah and Susan P. Tisdale, born in Cochesset Village, N. Bridge water, but received her education in the schools of South Dedham. She died in 1886. About two years, 1869-70, the Burgess School was in charge of Helen Sophia Colburn, the daughter of Thomas and Sophia Gardner (Edwards) Colburn, born in Dedham, Nov. 4, 1846, and educated in her schools, receiving a four years diploma at the High School. Before teaching Miss Colburn learned telegraphy, and remembers that, while substituting in the private office of the B. & P. R. R., she took the telegram announcing the assassination of Abraham Lincoln ; also the one armouncing the surrender of Lee and the close of the Civil War. She was assistant P. M. in Dedham, 1866-7. Married John B. Fisher Dec. 22, 1870, in Dedham, where she has since resided, and for years has made herself useful as Recording Secretary of the Dedham Women's Club. In December, 1869, Rodney B. Capen was elected master of the Everett School. Other facts concerning him have eluded my careful search. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETIS 239 From 1869 to 1875 Josephine Hewins taught a well patron- ized private school in Temperance Hall on Court Street. She had previously taught several years inthe public schools of West Roxbury. After teaching in Dedham she was given a position in the Boston Public Library which she held for about six years, when she resigned because of failing health. She was the daughter of Amasa and Elizabeth (Alden) Hewins, born in Boston, and educated in the Jamaica Plain and Dedham high schools, graduating from the latter in 1858. She died January 5, 1881, a few months after leaving the Boston Library. Adelaide Estelle Ingraham was mistress of the Balch School 1869 to 1872; taught in the Everett 1872-3 ; in the Avery, 1877 to 1883. Slie was a teacher in the Woodstock Academy, Conn., 1874 and 1875, and in Cambridge in higher grammar grades from January 1, 1883 till 1895. Since then and at present she is principal of the Sleeper School of eight rooms including primary and grammar grades. Before teach- ing in Dedham she taught one term in Foxboro and one in Wal- pole. She is the daughter of George Lewis and Nancy Angenette (Butter worth) Ingraham, born in Newton, educated in South Dedham and Boston Normal School. She resides in Norwood and Cambridije, in each one-half the year. From Sept. 1869 to Sept. 1871 Barrett Beard Russell was master of the Avery School. He began teaching in Dart- mouth, April, 1862 ; later taught in Westport and Randolph before coming to Dedham. He was teacher of mathematics and chemistry at the Bridge water Normal from Sept. 1871 to May 1879 ; was principal of the Oliver School, Lawrence, from May, 1879, to Jan. 1, 1885. From that date to the present, 1904, he has superintended the schools of Brockton. He is the son of Howland and Mary Beard Russell, born in Dart- mouth, Nov. 24, 1844 ; educated in the public schools and academy of his native town, and at the Bridgewater Normal, and in special studies by private lessons ; married Fanny 240 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Sumner Harden of Milford, Nov. 28, 1871 ; served as school committee in Bridgewater ; was a trustee of the Public Library of Brockton, three years ; and for the last nine years to 1903, has been a director of the Plymouth Safe Deposit and Trust Company of Brockton. The second class of the Everett School from 1869 to 1871 was in charge of Phebe Ann Holder who had been the assistant in Lee High School about six years from 1857. From the Everett she went to Hinsdale and was principal of the High School there three years ; then taught in Berlin schools till sixty years of age, after which she received private pupils at home until within a year of her death. She was the daughter of Daniel and Harriett (Hutchins) Holder, born in Berlin, Mass., Nov. 27, 1824, and educated in Berlin public schools, Academical Boarding School, and the State Normal School at Westfield. Her literary work deserves mention. She wrote both prose and verse religious in tone. Her poems for public occasions were often solicited and much admired. Some of her hymns were set to music, and much of her poetry appeared in periodicals and newspapers. One volume was published : *'Voices from Lakeview." " She was a zealous Chautauquan and earnest church worker." She died in Berlin, Mass., Nov. 12, 1902. From 18G9 to 1875 Melissa Deborah Robinson was a teacher in the Avery School, then a year in the Quincy. She is the daughter of Samuel Baker and Deborah Cutting (Upton) Eobinson, born Oct. 27, 1850, in Dedham ; received a diploma for three years at the High School ; married Harvey ISI. Holt, Nov. 29, 1876 ; and in 1890 resided at 150 Vine Street, Everett. From Jan. 1869, to Oct. 1870, Fanny Sumner Marden had charge of the second division of the Avery School. She is the daughter of Aaron and Mary Thayer (Cox) Marden, born in South Boston, June 29, 1844. Her education was received in the public schools of Dedham and Newton. She was married OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 241 to Barrett Beard Russell in Milford, Nov. 28, 1871. As secretary and treasurer of the Associated Charities, and in connection with other societies, Mrs. Russell has made herself useful to the community in which she lives. Her present resi- dence is Brockton. The Endicott School in 1869, the Union in 18(39-70, and the Fisher in 1870, were faithfully taught by Florence Hill. Since then she has been a teacher in the Norwood schools nearly twenty-five years, and is now, 1904, in charge of the Shattuck School of the same town. She is the daughter of Rev. George and Georgianna (Brown) Hill, born in West Cambridge (now Arlington), and educated in the grammar and high schools of Norwood and at the Dean Academy of Franklin. She resides in Norwood where her labors have been justly appreciated. Emma Maria Savil, after completing her studies in the Quincy High and Girl's High and Normal School of Boston, began to teach the Endicott School in Dec, 1869, and con- tinued her work there nearly five years. Then she went to the grammar department of the Bowditch School, Boston, and from there, a few years later, to a similar position in the Edward Everett School, Dorchester Dist., where she still teaches, no one more acceptably. She is a native of Quincy, the daughter of Charles Francis and Lydia (Turner) Savil, and resides in that city at 18 Saville Avenue. From 1870 to 1875 Henrietta Adams taught in the Avery School ; then was transferred to the Ames School and taught there till 1894, thus giving the town of Dedham twenty-four years of faithful and efficient service. She is the daughter of Benjamin Henry and Elizabeth (Smith) Adams, born in Ded- ham. She attended the High School three years, and still occupies the pleasant home of her childhood. Mary Lee Adams taught a private school in Dedham Village on Court Street about three years, 1870-1872. She is the only daughter of William Joseph and Deborah Foster 242 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHEKS (Chickering) Adams, and was born in Boston ; coming to Ded- ham when a child, she attended the private schools of Miss Augusta Crehore and Miss Emily Hodges ; then the Dedham High School two years. She graduated from the Girls' High and Normal School of Boston. Her residence has been partly in Dedham, and more recently in Pittsfield, Mass. Belle Merrick taught in the Everett School 1870-1. The want of a clue shortens this record. In 1870 Sarah Louisa Rhodes was mistress of the Union School : from 1886 to 1894 she taught the second class of the Ames. She began to teach in 1867 in Franklin, remaining there a year ; then taught two years in North Wrentham, 1868 to 1870; and, from 1871 to 1886, had charge of a class in the Everett School of Norwood. To this school she returned from the Ames in 1895 and at the present date, 1904, is still teach- ino- there. She is the daughter of Aaron Willard and Ruth (Small) Rhodes, born in Walpole ; attended the Dedham High School one year, but received a well merited diploma for the four years course, having entered in advance from the high school class of the Everett, under Mr. Alger and Miss Robie. Annie L. Boyden was a teacher in the Everett School 1870-71. No clue to further information discoverable. In the winter of 1870-1 a primary class of the Balch School was taught by Miss E. M. Peck to the entire satisfac- tion of the Town Committee. . Beginning in the autumn of 1870, Clara Addie Curtis had charge of the Burgess School till 1872. She is the daughter of George Frederick and Mary (Woodbury) Curtis, born in Dedkam and educated in its schools, receiving a four years diploma at the High School. She is still a resident of her native town, devoted to the care of her invalid and aged relatives. In the Everett School, 1870-71, Mary Viola Woodman was the teacher of the second class, her previous experience being that of a substitute in the Boston Schools. Later she taught in both the primary and grammar departments of the OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 243 Washington, now Dudley, School of Roxbury. She is the daughter of James Barnabas and Mary Cordelia Woodman, born in Hanover, Mass., and educated in the primary schools of her native town, the Everett Grammar and Girl's High and Normal of Boston, including a course in the training depart- ment. Nov. 20, 1873, she was married to Franklin Sprague Williams, and now, 1904, resides at 15 Schuyler street, Rox- bury, varying her household cares with an interest in two Women's Clubs, and the chief management of one of them. For one year, 1870-71, James Bartlett Hammond was master of the Ames School, and after leaving Dedham taught in New York City. He is the son of Thomas and Harriet W. (Trow) Hammond of South Boston. He was educated in the Mather School ; Boston High ; Boston Latin ; Phillips Acad- emy, Andover ; University of Vermont ; Union Theological Seminary, New York ; and University of Halle, Germany. Mr. Hammond says, "I became interested in Type Writing in 1869-70 ; wiiich interest increased and resulted in the inven- tion of the Hammond Typewriter, The further perfection of the machine, and its adaptation to oriental as well as occidental languages and dialects, will occupy the residue of the inventor's lifetime." Mr. Hammond resided at the Osborne, 205 West 57th street. New York, January 5, 1904. Jairus Lincoln, Jr., was master of the Colburn School one year, 1870-71. He was the son of Jairus and Mary Cotton (Ware) Lincoln of Northboro ; was educated in Northboro schools and the Normal at Bridgewater, graduating August 4, 1852. He was married in his native town, March 26, 1856, to Jane Taylor Fisher. He taught seven years ; and previous to 1876 became a farmer in Longmont, Colorado, where he died in November, 1893. Maria Therese Delano was an assistant teacher in the High School from September, 1870, one year, then taught a year and two terms in Canton. Returning to the High School she taught from the spring term of 1873 to June, 1884. She had entire 244 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS charge of the fourth class and taught the whole school in vocal music most of the time. She had previously taught a year and a half in Cliftondale ; in Bunker Hill School, Charlestown, three years; in West Side Ladies' Seminary, Chicago, 111., three years ; and in Lynnfield and Reading two years ; in all twenty-four years : and she says, '* During that time I was not out of school a day for illness." She is the daughter of Thomas Ingalls and Maria Louisa (Grigg) Delano, born in New Boston, N. H., educated in the public schools of Somer- ville and the Salem Normal, graduating in 1861. She excelled in mathematics and was a ver}'^ thorough teacher. She now, 1904, resides at 72 Florence St., Somerville, Massachusetts. In 1870, Ella Eudora Ward was a teacher in the Ames School, and from 1872 till 1884 she was the approved mistress of the Burgess School. She is the daughter of Caleb Burbank and Abby Batelle (Mixer) Ward, born in Dedham, Dec. 13, 1849. She was the recipient of a diploma for three years in the High School; married James E. Brown, Feb. "1^^ 1882, and in 1890 resided at Milton Mills, N. H. Carrie M. Shapleigh was the teacher of the Union School the winter of 1870-71, being an acceptable substitute in place of Miss Rhodes who was granted leave of absence. In the spring of 1871, because of the illness of the princi- pal of the High School, William Davis Mackintosh was acting principal for the term. He had previously taught in Colchester Academy, Vt., and as master of a grammar school in Wenham, 1869-1871. From 1871 to 1874 he was in charge of a gram- mar school in Amesbury ; from 1877 to 1880, assistant in Worcester High; 1880 to 1884, prin. of Amesbury High; 1884 to 1889, assistant in Mr. Hale's School, Boston ; 1890 to 1896, in Chauncey Hall; 1897 to 1898, principal So. Wey- mouth High. Since that time to the present, Jan. 1904, he has conducted a private school. He is the son of Roger Sherman and Mary Jane (Lyon) Mackintosh; born in West Roxbury ; educated in the public schools of Dorchester and at OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 245 Harvard University. He was married Sept. 18, 1880, in Amesbury, to Anna L. Jones, and now resides in Boston, West Roxbury District. From March, 1871, to Feb., 1872, Charles Francis Adams was master of the Colburn School. He had previously taught in Spencer, Sturbridge and Maiden. Afterward he was vice- principal of the High School of Fitchburg ; assistant in the Worcester Normal School, 1874 to 1883. Was instructor in the National School of Methods, Saratoga, N. Y., about 1887 ; school committee of Worcester, 1888-1893. He has been supt. of schools in Spencer since 1903. He is the son of John and Marcia Amy (Bond) Adams, born in Brookfield, a gradu- ate of Bridgewater and Westfield Normal Schools, Mass., Institute of Technology, and Agassiz Summer School at Penekese. He married Mary Lillian Kinney at Worcester, 1876, and was a resident of Spencer, Mass., Jan. 21, 1904. From 1871 to 1873 the Fisher School was well taught by Charlotte Elizabeth Eaton ; also the Endicott School from 1878 to 1880. She was the daughter of John and Harriet Eaton, born in Dedham, and received a diploma of four years at the High School. She married Frank R. Bird, Sept. 22, 1880, and resided in Canton. The date of her death is not ascertained. Wm. H. Hubbard was master of the Avery School a part of the years 1871-2. As other facts concerning him have eluded all our inquiries, we will add the testimony of the town com- mittee who say in their report of March, 1872, " Mr. W. H. Hubbard has occupied the master's position during the fall and winter terms, and we believe he has labored diligently and advanced his pupils well in their studies." From December, 1871, to March, 1873, Frances Abby Mathes was an assistant in the High School, having charge of the Fourth Class. It was her first experience in teaching, and her success gained for her a position in Bradford Academy, which she occupied four and a third years. Then, Feb., 1882, 246 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS after a vacation of five years she went into tlie Portsmouth, N. H., Ilii2:li School, where up to the present time she has taught chiefly Latin and Enjj-Iish Literature. She is the daughter of Nathan Folsom and Ahiry Frances (Folsom) Mathes, born in Portsmouth, N. IL, educated in her public schools and at the Maplewood Listitute, Pittslield, INfas.s. As a teacher she has ahvaj's won the affections of her i)upils. Her present residence is South Road, Portsmouth, New Hampshire. The Everett School, 1871-2, had for its master Leander Van Ness Peck. He was the son of Zia and Sarah (Campbell) Peck, born in Acworth, New Hani[)shire, April 2, 18;>(). Ho fitted for Dart. Col. at the New London Academy, N. H., and gradutited in 18(54. For about three years after leaving college he taught in a military boarding school in Poughkeepsie, N.Y., then a year or two in New Jersey. He left Norwood for a mastership in South Natick, which he held six years, the hist of his teaching. He had married in April, 18(55, INhiry J. Harris of Concord, Mass. He was an appraiser in the Boston Custom House several years, and the last eighteen years of his life resided at Wellesley Hills, where he served the town as tax collector, 18i)0, and as assessor the last four years of his life, " which ended for earth, Oct. 2S, 11)02." In the Balch School Miss E. C. Perkins begtm to teach in September, 1871. Under her instruction the school passed into the care of the town of Norwood. Miss E. L. Reynolds began to teach in the first depart- ment of tlie Balch School in November, 1871, and under her instruction the school came into the care of the new town of Norwood. Martha Abbie Smith became Assistant Teacher in the High School, October, 1871, and did excellent work there till Juno, 1884. Iler work was interrupted by protracted illness and was never resumed. She had previously been the Assistant Teacher of the Weymouth High School about a year and a half, March, 1870, to October, 1871. She is the daughter of OF DEDilAM, MASSACHUSETTS 247 Charles and Wealthy (McKinney) Smith of Dedham, where she was educated in the public schools and received a four years diploma at the High School. In chemistry and the Higher Mathematics, she enjoyed the privileg(!S offered at the Institute of Technology ; also by private tuition in Greek pre- pared hers(;lf to instruct colK^ge classes in Xeno[)hon. At the present time, li)()l, she is Supt. of Indexers in the Norfolk County Registry of Deeds, residing at 924 High Street, Ded- ham. As a proof reader her assistance in publishing this volume has been most valuable. From 1871 to 1880 the fourth class of the Ames School was most faithfully instructed by Mary L. Talbot. She is the daughter of Sylvester W. and Margaret (Guild) Talbot, born in I)(!dham. After receiving a diploma for three years in the Dedham High School she attended Mr. Henry Williams' School in Boston. She has been an efficient member and director of the Ladies' Club in Dedham, where she still resides. Horace Thomas Atwood was master of the Colburn School 1872-3 ; then was in charge of the Everett School of Norwood from 1873 to 1890. He is the son of Loranus and Charity Thomas (Washburn) Atwood of Middleboro, where he was educated in the public schools and Pierce Academy, also by courses in Bryant and Stratton's Commercial College and the Bridgewater State Normal School. He married Clara A. Talbot of Norwood in July, 1883. He studied at the Boston University Law School, and since 1895 has practised law at Norwood. He served that town as chairman of the School Committee, 1892 to 1895 ; as Trustee of the Public Library, 1883 to 1896, being chairman the last three years. From April, 1872, to July 1, 1890, Harriet Ellis Colburn was a very thorough teacher of the Union School. In De- cember, 1890, she took charge of the first public school in Waban, teaching it till July, 1891 ; then for a year taught as a substitute in the Cambridge schools. In September, 1892, 248 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS she went to Springfield, where she has taught the greater part of every year as substitute, and is now so emploj^ed in the day schools and in the Ehn Street Evening School, where she has taught every winter since 1892, from the second week of October to the middle of April. She is the daughter of James Perrin and Cordelia (Merrifield) Colburn of West Dedham, where she was born, April 5, 1853. She attended the High School a year ; then continued her education in Rev. C. S. Locke's private school. Her residence in 1904 was at South Dexter Street, Springfield, Mass. Henry Ellis Crocker was master of the Avery School from 1872 to 1878, and of the Ames School from 1881 to 1885; then was Superintendent of the Dedham schools three years. He was born in Barnstable June 13, 1848, the son of Wilson and Elizabeth Crocker. He attended the Conference Seminary at East Greenwich, R. I., and the Wesleyan Academy, Wil- braham, Mass. Before coming to Dedham he had taught in the public schools of Barnstable and also in the Academy at Wilbraham. July 28, 1870, he was married at Osterville to Helen Howard Scudder. Mr. Crocker's ability as an educator was duly appreciated ; and in recognition of the same Bates College gave him the honorary degree of Master of Arts. In 1896 he was the chief manager of the New York branch of the risk Teachers' Agencies, his address being 156 Fifth avenue, New York City. From 1872 to 1877 Annie Grant Fish taught a division of the Avery School, having previously taught a year in the Damon School of Hyde Park, 1870-1 ; and from March to August, 1872, in the Haledon School, Paterson, New Jersey. She was the daughter of James Fabens and Frances Maria (Mackintosh) Fish, born in Rochester, Illinois, Oct. 19, 1852 ; educated in the public schools of Dedham, and receiving a diploma of four years at the High School in 1869. She was married to Edwin Scott Morse Oct. 18, 1877, at Dedham, where she resided till her death, Dec. 31, 1895. or DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 249 Abbie L. Marshall taught the primary department of the Dexter School, 1872-3, and was mistress of the Oakdale, 1873-4. She is the daughter of Edward and Eliza Ann Mar- shall, born in Dedham Aug. 24, 1852 ; received a four years diploma at the High School ; was married to Henry C. Hamil- ton in Dedham, Sept. 13, 1877. In 1890 they resided in Mansfield. Mrs. Mary Sereno Morse taught in the Avery School from 1872 till 1876. The Quincy opening as a branch of the Avery was in charge of Mrs. Morse nearly a year in 1874. Before coming to Dedham she had taught three years in the First District of Ellington, Conn. She is the daughter of Charles Harris and Fanny Lavina (Chase) Towne, born in Grafton, and educated in the schools of that town and the Eockville Hig^h School. She married Luther Saunt Morse in 1861 ; he died in 1870. She married Israel Warren Andrews of Danvers in 1877, who died in Nov., 1897. Mrs. Andrews resides at 26 Hay ward Street, Salem, where she teaches music, as she has done the greater part of her life. Anna Louisa Farrino;ton beo^an to teach as an assistant for an hour a day of Miss Savil in the Endicott School in 1873. In 1875 she took charge of the primary class of the Avery and so continued till 1883, when her success and the offer of a large increase of salary took her to Yonkers, N. Y. At the present time, 1904, she is there and still continues class work combined with some supervision ; and is fortunate in having the largest salary paid for class room work in the city, High School excepted . She is a daughter of George Otis and Abbie (Durant) Farrington, born in Dedham, and a four years grad- uate of the High School. Her address is 212 Warburton Avenue, Yonkers, N. Y. From 1873 to 1875 the Master of the Ames School was Frederick Eugene Whitney, who had previously taught in Farmington, Vienna, Mt. Vernon and Waldoboro, Maine. Leaving Dedham he taught in the Mayhew and Eliot Schools 250 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS of Boston, and in the Government University, Tokio, Japan, up to 1881. He is the son of George Washington and Vidette (Haines) Wliitney, born in Farmington, Me., Nov. 26, 1850. His education was obtained at Farmington Academy, State Normal School of the same place ; Waterville Classical In- stitute, class of '69 ; Bowdoin College, class of 1873, and the Law School of Washington University, St. Louis, Mo., class of 1882. He was married at Oakland, Cal., March, 1884, to Edith Adams ; and since 1882 has practised law in that city, serving as County Commissioner of Alameda Co. 12 years, and holding various other positions of honor and trust in the City, County, and State. From 1874 to 1878 Sarah Louisa Harris had charge of the Oakdale School, to which, after a term in the Avery, 1886, she returned as mistress for a year in 1887-8. She taught in Brookline, had charge of the English department of the Wal- tham New Church School, and in London, England, taught two years in the Royal Normal College and Academy of Music for the Blind. For a time she was principal of the Grammar School in Paulina, Iowa ; for six years she was the governess in Mr. Hastings' family of Fryeburg, Me., and nine months in Dr. Flint's, of Ridgefield, Conn. She is the daughter of Stephen and Sarah Clark (Simpson) Harris, born in Bruns- wick, Me., and educated in the Bowdoin and Dudley Schools, Boston, and the Bridgewater State Normal. Her present residence is Paulina, Iowa. Mary Esther Keelan from 1874 to 1882 taught a depart- ment of the Avery School : in 1882 she was elected principal of the Quincy, and has done excellent service there till the present time, 1904. To fully appreciate Miss Keelan's ability as the Head of a School, one needs to visit the Quincy and witness the order, enthusiasm and intelligence of her pupils. She was born in Milton, the daughter of Michael and Catherine Elizabeth (Roche) Keelan, and received a diploma for four or DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 251 years at the Dedham High School in 1872. She resides at 366 High Street, Dedham. Sarah Lizzie Norris taught in Dedham about eight years : the Fisher School 1874 to 1876, Quincy 1876 to 1877, Avery 1877-8, Oakdale 1878 to 1881, and Ames 1881-2. Then leaving Dedham she taught in the primary department of the Central School of Montclair, N. J., from 1882 to 1891. She is the daughter of Samuel Myrick and Isabella (Swords) Norris, born in Charlestown, Mass. ; educated in the Avery School, Miss Nancy Guild's private school, the Dedham High, from which she received a diploma for four years, and the Framinghara State Normal. She was married in Hyde Park July 14, 1891, to Randall Spaulding, Supt. of Schools in Montclair, New Jersey, where now, 1904, she resides. In Montclair she was President of the Child Study Association, 1895 to 1897 ; of the Wednesday Afternoon Club, 1901 and 2 ; and is now one of the Advisory Board of the Town Im- provement Association. James Nathaniel Parker was master of the Colburn School from January 1874 to June 1880, and his success was often mentioned in the reports of the Town Committee. He is the son of James and Elizabeth Parker (Glover) Parker of Marble- head, and was born May 17, 1840. In the schools of his native town ho fitted for the Bridgewater Normal School from which he graduated in 1869. Beginning at once to teach in Holbrook, he continued there till June 1873, then taught a few weeks in East Stoughton, now Avon. He was married to Annie Wilde Paine of Holbrook then East Randolph, July 12, 1871. Since 1880 Mr. Parker has been a member of the shoe manufacturing firm, F. A. Parker & Co., of Marblehead, where he has resided. He has served that town in many offices of trust, four years as Selectman, ten years Trustee of the Abbott Library, fifteen years as School Committee, and four years as Electric Light Commissioner. William Thomas Hart was master of the Endicott School 252 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS from 1875 to 1878, and of the Oakdale from 1878 to 1881. He then took charge of the West School of Milton but resided in Hyde Park. He was the son of William and Emeline (Thayer) Hart of Foxboro, born Oct. 8, 1850, and educated in the schools of his native town. He taught two years in Fox- boro, then was a bookkeeper three years in a Straw Factory before teaching in Dedham. In 1878, Aiig. 1, he married Ella C. Hatch of Great Barrington. He was a zealous member of the Baptist Church, both in Foxboro and in Hyde Park; also of the Hyde Park Historical Society, and at the time of his death was Vice President of the Norfolk County Teachers' Association. He was in his Milton School almost to the day of his death, Feb. 15, 1889. Of him it could be truly said : " He was faithful to the end." From 1875 to 1881 Joseph Hale Noyes was master of the Ames School. He was the son of Daniel and Mary Hale (Parish) Noyes of Newbury, and was educated at Dummer Academy, also devoting two years to collegiate studies under private tuition. His life-work was teaching which he began at 18 years of age, and continued successfully forty years in Ipswich, Newburyport, Medford, Maiden, Newton, Marble- head, Wellesley and Dedham. He married first, Abby Maria Young of Newburyport, Dec. 1853 ; second, Mary Elizabeth Moore of Worcester. His last years from 1884, chiefly de- voted to business for the firm of William H. Noyes & Brother, were spent in Newburyport where he died Sept. 23, 1896. He was an active and esteemed member of the Old South Church of that city. The Fisher School from 1876 to 1880 was in charge of Lucy Ellis Allen, who had previously taught in Dover, and, after leaving Dedham was thus employed in Boxboro. She is the daughter of Samuel Fisher and Harriet (Ellis) Allen, born in Dedham and educated in the public schools of her native town and in Rev. Calvin S. Locke's Private School. She was OF DEDHAM. MASSACHUSETTS 253 married in Dedham Aug. 18, 1880, to Joseph Henry Orendorf of Boxboro, and now, March 25, 1904, resides in Concord. Lizzie Smith Alger taught a division of the Quincy School two years, 1877-1879, liaving previously taught in Smithfield, K. I., and in Millbury, Mass. She is tlie daughter of David and Hannah Studley (Malcolm) Alger, born in Dedham and educated in the schools of her native town from Primary throuo-h the liiffh. She was married in Providence, R. I., to George Dallas Barnes, and in April, 1904, resided at 132 Border Street, Ashcroft, Dedham. The first special teacher of drawing employed by the town of Dedham was Mary Flagg Taft who taught in the High School the summer term of 1877. She is the daughter of Frederic Augustus and Cornelia Shorey (Guild) Taft, born in Medford, and educated in the Dedham schools, receiving at the High School a diploma for four years. She also studied at the Normal Art School in Boston. She was married to Henry Hitchings, Supt. of Drawing in Boston Public Schools. at Dedham, Nov. 7, 1877. She resided in 1902 at 32 St. James Avenue, Boston. The Islington School was opened in 1877, and Anna Maria Dean had charge of it till 1880. She was the daughter of Josiah and Susan Jane (Whiting) Dean, born in Dedham and educated in the East Street School and the three years course of the High. August 9, 1887, she was married to Horatio P. Lewis of Brockton. She died in Brockton, Jan- uary 4, 1902. The Quincy School, 1877-8, was in charge of Mabel "Weed Saxe. She had previously taught in Alton, III. ; and, after leaving: Dedham taugrht in Medford, and the Intermediate Class of the Everett of Boston three years. She is the daughter of Jacob Weed and Grace Brentnelle (Drury) Saxe, born in Leon, Wis., Oct. 3, 1858, educated in Medford, Mass. and Alton, III. She was married Dec. 1, 1880, to Nahum E. Jen- 254 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS nison of Swanton, Vt., and now, Jan. 22, 1904, resides at 201 Waiola Ave., La Grange, Illinois. Mary Lillietta Stevens was an acceptable teacher in Ded- ham eight years : in the Oakdale 1877 ; Quincy 1878 to 1882 ; Avery 1882 to 1885. She was born in West Dedham, the daughter of John Nelson and Elvira Latham (Cratnm) Stevens, and attended the Hyde Park and Dedham High Schools, re- ceiving from the latter a diploma for four years. She was married July 14, 1885, to Emerson Wordsworth Lyon at Keadville, where she has since resided. Annie Emily Curtis taught drawing in the High School from September, 1877, to June, 1878. She was the daughter of John and Anne Matilda (Greenwood) Curtis, born in Providence, R. I., and educated in Providence schools and the Mass. Normal Art School. She tau^jht in St. Ao^nes School, Albany, N. Y., 1878 to 1882 ; married William Blodget in Providence, April 25, 1883; died in the same city, March 13, 1885. Two years, 1878 to 1880, the Avery School had for its Master A. M. Graves. Since then he has resided in the far West, where it has been impossible to trace his career. The art work of the Dedham High School for four years, 1878 to 1882, was in charge of Ella Cyrene Greene. She had taught about two years in the Lowell Evening Drawing School and has been in that service continuously to the present, 1904. She has also tauijht in the Girls Hiirh School of Boston and many other institutions ; and has received several diplomas, prizes and high commendations for work done in her studio in Lowell. She is the daughter of George W. and Cyrene Annah Greene, born in Carlisle, Mass. ; educated in Lowell, graduat- ing from the High School, 1875, and from the Normal Art School of Boston, A. M. in 1880. She has since resided in Lowell, and her business address is No. 8 and 9 Mansur Block, Central Street, Lowell, Mass. In 1878-9 a special teacher of music was first employed by OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 255 the town, and Charles Edward Whiting was paid for teaching in the High School only ; then he was employed from 1879 to 1884 in the Grammar and Primary Schools, where his services were very highly approved. He is the son of Nathan Partridge and Olive (Chase) Whiting, born in Holliston and educated in her public schools. Before teaching in Dedham he was thus employed in Newton and Brighton ; after his work in Dedham he taught music in Maiden, Melrose, Winthrop, Belmont, and Watertown. In 1860 he married Emma R. Leland of Sher- born. He is now, 1904, a Musical Author and Composer for Public Schools, and resides at 375 Harvard St., Cambridge. The Dexter School from 1878 to 1883 was in charge of Frederick Herbert Wight. He is the son of George Francis and Adeline Mary Wight, born in Dedham Jan. 5, 1859, edu- cated in the public schools ; a four years graduate of the High School, and also of the Bridge water Normal. He was married in Dedham to Charlotte Poole White, April 6, 1881. After 1883 he engaged in mercantile pursuits, residing at Oakdale ; but is now a grain merchant in Walthara, Mass. From 1879 to 1885 Fannie Ellis Draper taught very ac- ceptably in the Ames School, then was a teacher in Brookline till April, 1888. In June of that year she was married to Frederick J. Baker. In August they went to reside in Sher- man, Texas ; but since April, 1899, have lived in Dallas of the same State. She is the daughter of George Dean and Fannie Elizabeth (Baker) Draper, born in West Dedham and educated at Dedham High and a Private School in Worcester. Florence E. Greer from 1879 to 1882 was principal of the Quincy School, having previously been a teacher in Dover. She is the daughter of John and Catherine Greer, born in Boston and educated in the Lincoln and Normal Schools of that city. She was married Sept. 11, 1882, at Gardner, Mass., to Charles F. Pritchard, and in 1904 resided in luynn, her husband being the general manager of the Lynn Gas and 256 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Electric Co., and she the Vice-President of the Woman's North Shore Club. From 1879 to 1884 the musical instruction in the Dedham schools was in charge of Arthur Wilder Thayer as teacher and superintendent; and from 1884 till 1887 he was Supt. of the same branch in the town of Milton. He is the son of John Henry Bass and Mary Smith (Wilder) Thayer, born in Ded- ham and educated in the private school of Emily C. Hodges, Dedham High, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His musical training was by his father, Dr. Guilmette, and other masters. His musical compositions have been numerous, including songs, choruses, etc. He was married in Dedham to Annie Eichards Fisher, Nov. 12, 1891. For about twenty-five years he has been devoted to music as teacher, composer, con- ductor, singer and organist, incidentall}^ having pupils in com- position and conducting. He is a resident of Dedham. In 1880 Martha Clarke Crane succeeded Miss Small as teacher of sewing and continued her work till June, 1882, when instruction in that art was discontinued. She says : "I gave two days in the week to the schools ; taught four schools at the Avery Wednesdays, giving a fourth of each day to each school. Friday forenoons I taught two schools at the Ames ; the first half of the afternoon I gave to the Quincy, the latter half to another school at the Ames. Each scholar was expected to furnish her own work, but man}^ times mothers didn't have anything suitable. I always had something for those who came without, so it was very seldom the one who came and said, 'My mother didn't have any work,' was allowed to 'play off' with that excuse. The town did not then, as now, furnish material. We once made a small patchwork quilt and sold it, and the holders Avhich were made were sold ; so the spare cash was used to buy thread and needles for those who neglected to furnish their own." Miss Crane is the daughter of Ebenezer Paul and Sarah Stowe (Clarke) Crane, born in Dedham and OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 257 educated in its public schools to the end ol a four years course in the High School. She resides in Dedham. Dorus Franklin Howard was appointed Master of the Avery School in September, 1880. He was the son of Erastus and Calista (Larrabee) Howard of East Hard wick, Vt., and was educated in the Academies of Peachamand Barre, Vt., and the Bridge water State Normal School. Feb. 3, 1874, he was united in marriage to Georgia M. Lander in Boston. After twenty years of devoted service to the Avery School, and seemingly in the mid-career of his usefulness, Mr. Howard died, April 6, 1901. The school committee placed on record their high appreciation of his long and faithful services. From Feb., 1880, to Feb., 1886, Flora Claribel Ingraham was a teacher in the Avery School. She had taught in Dover from Sept., 1879, to Feb., 1880. From Feb., 1886, to Sept., 1888, she taught in Waltham, from the last date to the present has taught in Cambridge. As in all her previous engagements, she is still doing grammar school work and with entire success. She is the daughter of George Lewis and Nancy Angenette (Butterworth) Ingraham, born in South Dedham, educated there and in the Normal School of Providence, E. I. She still resides in her native town. Frank Morton King was master of the Colburn School 1880-81, having previously taught three years in Bridge water. After leaving Dedham he was master of the Washington School of Quincy two years, sub-master in the Bigelow ten years, in the Gibson, Dorchester District, Boston, four years, and master of the Minot eight years. He has also taught eight years in the Boston Evening High School. He is the son of Francis D. and M. A. King of Bridgewater ; educated at the Academy, High School and State Normal School of his native town. He married first Cerilla R. Richardson ; second Eliza- beth Crawford ; resided at 231 Bushnell Street, Dorchester, Jan. 12, 1904. During the winter of 1880-1 Marietta Genevieve Metcalf 258 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS was assistant teacher in the Oakdale School ; from the fall of 1881 to March 1, 1884 was mistress of the Endicott. She is the daughter of Ellis and Catherine (Devine) Metcalf, educated in the Dedham schools, receiving a diploma for four years in the High School. She married Frank N. Partridge, and on Jan. 24, 1904, resided in Ashmont. The Endicott School 1880-81 was well instructed by Ada Maria Frost, and the next twenty-three years, 1881 to 1904, the Oakdale has had the benefit of her teaching. She had previously taught in Lexington ; but Dedham owes her a large debt for long and devoted service. She is the daughter of John Hodgman and Elizabeth (Low) Frost, and a native of Maine. She was educated in Concord, Mass., and by a four years course in the Fraraingham Normal School, and here we are tempted to quote : ' ' How often it happens that the most use- ful lives are described in the fewest words." The Colburn School, primary department, was in charge of Cerilla Rosalie Richardson, from 1880 to 1882. She had previously taught very successfully in Dover, Medway and Newton. She was a native of Winthrop, the daughter of Howard and Abby (Crosby) Richardson, educated in the Bos- ton Grammar and High Schools. She was united in marriage to Frank Morton King, and resided in Bridgewater where she died Feb. 24, 1884. From Sept. 1880 to April 1882 the Fisher School was in charge of Lizzie Catherine Tucker, who taught in the Everett School of Norwood from 1882 to 1892, and was principal of the Guild School of the same town from 1892 to 1898. She is the daughter of George Harris and Ann Frances Tucker, born in Boston, and educated in the Norwood public schools, and the Rev. Calvin S. Locke's private school. April 6, 1898, she was married in Boston to Edwin M. Stanton Chandler, and April 1, 1904, resided at 39 Porter Street, Taunton. From Sept. 1880 to Jan. 1884 Helen Frederica Page taught in the Avery and Ames Schools about an equal time in each ; OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 259 from Jan. 1884 to June 1889, in the New Britain, Conn., Normal School ; from Nov. 1889 to June 1894, in the Willi- mantic Conn., Normal School, and in the Harvard School, Chicago, since Sept. 1894, to the present time. She has been doing the excellent work which her position implies and demands. She is the daughter of Frederick A. and Mary Crane (Drake) Page, born in Dedham, and educated in her public schools, receiving a four years diploma at the High School, and graduating from the Salem State Normal. Her present P. O. address is 3158 Prairie Avenue, Chicago, 111. Dedham's first kindergartner was Delia Flint Starrett who taught in the Ames School from 1881 to 1884. Before her kindero^arten trainino; she tauo^ht in Charlton Schools from 1873 to 1877, after itduring nearly three years, 1878 to 1881, she was engaged in a private kindergarten on Newbury Street, Boston. She is the daughter of Charles Thomas and Sarah Sprague (Healey) Starrett, born in Thomaston, Maine, educated in the public schools of Charlton and Dedham, Worcester Academy, and by a normal course of instruction in Kindergarten with Mrs. S. S. Ropes in Boston. She was married Oct. 1, 1884, in Charlton to Frank W. White, and in 1904 they resided at WoUaston, (Quincy), Mass. The Islington School 1881-2 was in charge of Mrs. Myra Augusta Sweetser ; the second or third grade of the Ames, from 1882 to 1885. She is the daughter of John and Hannah P. (Noble) Spurr, born in Boston and educated in Stoneham Grammar and High Schools, and by special work with private teachers in Boston and Dedham. She was married in Stoneham to Francis K. Sweetser, Jan. 12, 1863, and now resides at Winter Hill, Somerville, Mass. Ellen Agnes Barden began to teach in the Avery School in 1882 and continued there through 1895. The daughter of Michael and Alice Barden of Hyde Park, she graduated from the Hyde Park High School, and the Dedham Training Class which was conducted by the Superintendent of Schools. 260 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Henrietta Frances Howell was a substitute teactier in the Dedham Schools, chiefly the Oakdale, in 1882 and 1883, but became the efficient mistress of the Endicott in 1884, and so continued four years till her health failed in 1888. She is the daughter of John and Eliza Howell, born in Dedham, and educated in the public schools, receiving a diploma of the four years course in the High School. Her residence in 1904 was Milton Street, East Dedham. In Sept. 1882, Janet Graham Hutchins began to teach in the Ames School, and continued about eight months when she was elected to a good position in the Oliver School of Law- rence ; in 1884 she Avas made assistant principal of the Law- rence Training School ; in 1887 she became principal of the Normal Practice School in Lewiston, Maine, and filled the place creditably till July, 1889. She is the daughter of George H. and Mary (Chisholm) Hutchins, born in Dedham, and a graduate of the four years course at the High School, and of an advanced course, the regular course of two and a half years with French and German added, at the Bridgewater State Normal. On Sept. 26, 1889, she was married to John O. Whitney of Barry ville, N. Y., and went to reside in Illinois, and in 1893 removed to Saginaw, Mich., but in 1898 they re- turned to Dedham which was their residence Jan. 12, 1904. From Jan. 1882 to April 1887 the Colburn School was thoroughly taught by Edward Jones Cox. Then he accepted the position of sub-master in the Haverhill High School and held it from Oct. 1887 to July 1888. In Sept. 1888, he be- came principal of the Norvvell High School and so remained till March 1890 ; then was principal of the Cohasset High until July 1891. From this position he went to superintend the schools of Sudbury, 1891 to 1894, meanwhile being a member of the Cohasset School Board, elected March 1892, and princi- pal of the Sudbury High from 1891 to July 1894. In Nov. 1895 he began to teach in the Lowell School of Boston as assistant, but was elected sub-master in Jan. 1897 and so con- OF DEDHAM. MASSACHUSETTS 261 tinues. All this implies that Mr. Cox was born for a teacher. He is the son of John and Eleanor (Jones) Cox of Dedham, where he was educated till he completed the four years course of the High School. Then he passed through the four years course of the Bridge water Normal. He married Belle L. Nye of South Scituate Oct. 6, 1883. Besides teaching, Mr. Cox finds time to write papers for patriotic societies, such as The Sons of the American Revolution and the Mayflower Descend- ants, being himself a member of both these organizations ; also to compose songs, both words and music, for school use. His present residence is 64 Brooks Avenue, Newtonville, Mass. The Islington School from 1882 to 1887 was in charge of Mary Crowell Jenkins, who had previously taught in South Yarmouth and Dennis. After leaving the Islington she had charge of schools in Everett and Yarmouth, and was at one time a member of the School Board of Yarmouth. She was the daughter of Elisha and Mary Gage (Crowell) Jenkins of South Yarmouth, where she died in June, 1895. From 1882 to the present Jennie Vincent McManus has been a highly approved teacher in the Quincy School. She is the daughter of Patrick Henry and Bridget (Coleman) Mc- Manus, born in Dedham and educated in her public schools from primary to graduation of the four years course in the High. Her present residence is at 16 Mt. Vernon Street, Dedham. Harriet Agnes Randlett was a teacher in the Colburn School one year, 1882-3, and in the Ames two years, 1883-5, having previously taught in Berlin and Marlborough. She is the daughter of Nathaniel and Maria Louisa (Robbe) Randlett, born in Northborough, educated in the public schools of her native town. She was married there April 28, 1886, to Edward Irving Morse of Marlborough, where she has since resided ; and her occupation, as she herself describes it, *' has been simply that of housekeeper and home-maker for her hus- band and two sons." 262 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS From April, 1882, to the last of June, 1888, the Fisher School was well instructed by Lilla Fayette Rowley. She was the daughter of Lafaj^ette and Eliza Ann (Worth) Rowley, born in Edgartown, educated in Rev. C. S. Locke's Private School and in a Normal Training class of the Superintendent of Dedham schools. She was married Oct. 1, 1888, at the Norwood Baptist Church to Woodhull W. Davis of Brooklyn. Mr. and Mrs. Davis both taught in Jamesburg, New Jersey, till his death in Dec, 1895. Mrs. Davis has been seven years a teacher in the "Connecticut School for Boys" in Meriden, Conn., and is now so employed. From 1882 to 1890 Mary J. Shea was an assistant in the Quincy School. After many inquiries I can give no other f9,cts, but it is evident from the length of her service that she was an approved teacher. In the spring term of 1882 Genevieve Smith took charge of the primary class of the Dexter School for a year ; then taught the same grade till 1885 in Milford ; in 1886 took the primary class of the Falmouth Centre School till 1890, when she returned to Dedham to be mistress of the Burgess School, 1890-91. She is the daughter of Eliphalet and Mary Ann (Cochrane) Smith, born in Foxboro, educated in Miss Gray's private school, Foxboro, and the public schools of Dedham. She was married at Dedham, Sept. 9, 1891, to William Har- rison Hewins of Falmouth, Mass., where she still resides. Elizabeth Florence Dowd began to teach in the Oakdale School in 1883 and was transferred to a more responsible place in the Avery in 1885, remaining there till January, 1887. She is the daughter of Felix and Mary Dowd, born in Dedham, and received a diploma of four years at the High School. She was married to Dr. J. F. Ferry in Dedham, Jan. 27, 1887. Their, residence in January, 1904, was at 263 Elm Street, Cambridge, Mass. The teacher of Drawing in the High School and Superin- tendent of that branch in the town from 1883 to 1886 was M. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 263 Louise Field, a resident of Boston, and graduate of the Massa- chusetts Normal Art School, where she was for several years a teacher. Her home was with the Rev. Dr. Alonzo Miner, she being a niece of Mrs. Miner, where she was treated with the affection due to an own daughter. The Dexter School for one year, 1883-4, was in charge of Bessie Emilie Howes, who had previously, 1880 to 1883, taught in East Dennis. Since leaving Dedham she has taught as follows : 3884 to 1893 in the Welch Training School, New Haven, Conn., six years as critic teacher, three years as principal; 1893-4 principal of Training School, Fitchburg ; from 1894 to 1897, she was assistant superintendent of schools in Worces- ter; 1897-8 she was a student at Radcliffe College. Since 1898 she has been principal of the Bridgeport, Conn., City Normal School. She is the daughter of Alexander and Bessie Emilie Howes, born in Billerica, and educated in the schools of East Dennis and the State Normal of Bridgewater. She resided in Bridgeport, Conn., Feb. 1904. Two years, 1883 to 1885, Carrie A. Lyle was an efficient teacher in the Ames School. In the town report her residence was given as Gloucester. Laura Howes Robbins was a teacher in the Avery School, 1883 to 1885. She had taught in Dennisport, Harwich and Canton. After leaving Dedham she taught in Leominster eight years ; in Leicester seven years, and was teaching in Dennis, Jan. 1904. She is the daughter of Daniel Howes and Jedida Snow (Sears) Bobbins, born in West Brewster, educated in the public schools of Dennis where she resided Jan. 21, 1904. The Oakdale School 1883-4-5 had for its master, Charles Morris Sargent, who had previously when a student in college taught several terms of ungraded schools in Bradford and Concord, N. H. After graduating he was for a year principal of a grammar school in Concord; then a year of Hopkinton Academy, and the following year of Contoocook Academy in the same town. From Dec. 1881 to Jan. 1883 ^he was princi- 264 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS pal of the High School of Bolton, Mass. In 1892-3-4 he was principal of the public schools of Eatontown. N. J. ; was also principal of the Evening School three years in Dedham, and one year in Maiden. He is the son of Charles Dennis and Keziah (Sanborn) Sargent, born in Springfield, N.H., educated at Colby Academy, New London, N. H., and Bates College, Lewiston. Me. ; degrees A. B. and A. M. class of 1879. In 1886 he was elected to the school board of Dedham. At that time he was a clerk in Boston Custom House ; then for a while was in a Teachers' Agency, Boston. In 1894 he took a position in D. Appleton & Co's publishing house retaining it eight years ; in Oct. 1902, connected himself with the publishing firm of Mer- rill & Baker, New York City, having charge of their Boston territory, and was located at 587 Tremont Street, Feb. 6, 1904. From Feb. 1883 to Oct. 1885 the master's assistant in the Avery School was Emily Wheeler Strong, She had previously taught seven terms in district schools at Orford and Plymouth, N. H., and five months in Plymouth, N. H. Normal School. Since leaving Dedham she has taught in the Harvard School of Cambridge one term, and in the training department of the Wisconsin State Normal School of Milwaukee, seventeen and one-half years. She is the daughter of Ephraim Bayley and Amanda Jane (Page) Strong, born in Orford, N. H. ; edu- cated in the district schools of her native town, and at the Ply- mouth, N. H. State Normal. She is now, 1904, a special supervisor in the Milwaukee Normal School, but her summer residence is at Orfordville, N. H. For the summer term of 1884 Carrie Maria Bassett was first assistant in the High School. She taught seven years in the Sandwich High, and at least five years in that of Braintree prior to 1890. She was the daughter of Joseph S. and Abbie (Richards) Bassett, born in Sandwich, Feb. 19, 1856, and educated in the public schools of Sandwich, and under private teachers in Boston . The date of her death which was reported from Sandwich has not been ascertained. or DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 265 In Jan. 1884 Maria Antoinette Humphreys began her teaching by a term of six months in the Colburn School. Then she taught a year in Mrs. Monroe Chickering's School in Dorchester. In the fall of 1886 she took a position in the Avery ; from there was transferred to the Ames in Jan. 1888, where she remained two and a half years. In Sept. 1893 she began in Norwood and taught two years ; in 1895 she went to Miss Davis's private school in Roxbury where she taught five years ; in 1900 she opened her own private school in Dedham which is now, 1904, in its fourth year, and taught in her own house. She is the daughter of James and Mary (Ripley) Humphreys, born in Jamaica Plain, educated in the schools of Dedham, having received a four years diploma at the High School. Her residence and prii^ate school are at 9 Marsh Street, Dedham. In 1884 the Burgess School and in 1885-6 the primary department of the Colburn were in the care of Sarah Elizabeth Drugan. She is the daughter of William F. and Mary E. Drugan, born in South Dedham, educated in the Dedham Schools, receiving a diploma at the High School for three years. She was married in 1887 to F. L. Gould of East Wal- pole where she now resides, and is a member of the Town School Committee. Guy Carleton Channell was the popular sub-master in the High School from Sept. 1884 to April, 1888, when he was elected Superintendent of the Dedham Schools, which office he retained till April, 1890. He was also Superintendent of Schools in Melrose, 1890 to 1893 ; since that date he has been engaged in business. He is the son of Daniel Chapman and Phoebe Ann (Pinkham) Channell, born in Charlestown, edu- cated in the public schools of Reading, and the Bridgewater State Normal. He was an excellent teacher, and many think he made a mistake when he abandoned that calling. He resides in Dedham. The Dexter School was in charsre of Carrie E. Kendall 266 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS during the school year 1884-5, since which date we have not been able to trace her history. From Sept. 1884 to the end of June 1886, Mary Mc- Skimmon taught a class in the Avery School, having previously taught a year each in Hampden, Me., and Pocasset, Mass. Leaving Dedham she was a teacher in Boston six years ; three in the Dwight School and three in the Dudley. The last eleven years she has been principal of the Pierce School Of Brookline. She is the daughter of David and Mary (Clarke) McSkimmon, born in Bangor, Me., and educated in the Bangor High School. Her residence Feb. 1904, was at 13 Putnam Street, Roxbury, Mass. From 1884 to 1904 Mary Elizabeth Mulkern has been a faithful and efficient teacher in the Ames School. An excellent scholar herself, the year spent by the children under her instruction must give them just notions of thorough learning. She is the daughter of John and Jane (Abberton) Mulkern, born in Dedham, and educated in a private school taught by the Sisters of Charity, and by a four years course in the High School. She resides in Dedham. One year from Sept. 1884 Caroline M. Taylor was first assistant in the High School. She had just graduated from Boston University, College of Liberal Arts. Though she was entirely successful as a teacher, her health forbade the con- tinuance of her w^ork, and we are not aware that she ever re- sumed it. She was a resident of Somerville, Mass. The first assistant of the High School from Sept. 1885 to June 1897 was Carrie Aldcn Carroll, who had previously taught one term in the High School of Torrington, Conn. She was the daughter of Sanford and Clarissa (Alden) Carroll, born in Dedham ; a graduate of the four years course both at the Dedham High School and the Bridge water State Normal. Her twelve years service in the High School was most credit- able. In 1897 she was married to George F. Joyce, Jr., principal of the school, and resided in Dedham till she died OF DKDIIAM, MASSA(niUSFOTTS 2(17 gniutly lamented, June, 7, 11)02. She had be(!n for years an eanuist vvorkca- in various orii^ani/aiions for the .social, moral and int(iilc(^tual advaiKMiiiicnt of her native town. Th(5 fourth grade; of the Av(Ty School from 1885 to .June 1892 was in charge of J(),se})hine Amanda Dustin who had previously been a teacher in the public schools of Methuen, and in the Robinson Female Sc^minary of Exeter, N. II. She is the daughter of William Lfiwcy and Grata (Pollard) Dus- tin, born in Low(!ll, Mass., imd educatc^l in its public schools and the Abbott Acad(;my of Andover. Since heaving Dcdham she has not been a teacher, and now, March, 1!)()4, r<;sidab(toek in Norwood, where in March, liJOl, she resided at 48)1 Wash- ington Street. Two years, 1885 and 188(1, Willard FIlis Jones was princi- pal of the Oakdale S(;hool ; he has also taught in S(!a (vliff, N. Y. and South Orange, N. J. He is the son of Horatio and Antoinette Louisa (FIlis) Joncis of Med way, where he was cducatcid in the public schools, and later in the Bridgewater State Normal School. He was married July 22, 181J0, to 268 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Helen Clinton, at Sea Cliff, N. Y. His residence was in Millis, Mass. March 30, 1904. From 1885 to 1887 the Riverdale School was in charge of Julia Gertrude Kennedy ; since that time to the present, 1904, she has taught with no interruption a grade in the Ames School, where we need not say she has done highly acceptable service. She is the daughter of John and Mary (Ryan) Kennedy, born in Dedham, and educated in her schools from primary through a four years course in the High School. She resides on Eastern Avenue, Dedham. The first grade of the Ames School since 1885 has been taught by Maria Frances Kingsbury. Nineteen years of con- scientious work on plastic minds is an honorable record. She is the daughter of Edgar Henry and Maria Frances (Byrne) Kingsbury, born in Dedham, educated in the public schools, from primary through a four years course in the High School, supplemented by a course in music at the New England Con- servatory, 1884-5. She resides on High Street, Dedham. The Dexter School for the year 1885-6 was in charge of Arabella Elizabeth Park who had taught in the Everett of Nor- wood the two previous years. After leaving the Dexter she opened a private school in her home at Norwood and managed it several years very successfully. She was the daughter of Rev. Harrison G. and Elizabeth (Bird) Park ; born in Bur- lington, Mass., and educated in the Dedham Schools, receiving a diploma for four years in the High School, also graduated from the Boston Normal School in 1873. By natural gifts and solid acquirements she was well qualified for the duties of a teacher, but her chosen work was not to continue. After an illness of several weeks she died in Norwood, Nov. 24, 1891. Ella F. Stroclin was an assistant in the Oakdale School in 1885. Her later history has not been learned though careful inquiry has been made. Gertrude Parsons Wilder taught a class in the Ames School from 1885 till 1889. She had previously taught in OF DEDHAM. MASSACHUSETTS 269 Brockton. She is the daughter of David Parsons and Mary Harding (Partridge) Wilder, born in Winnetka, Illinois, edu- cated in the schools of Medway and the Bridgewater State Normal. In Jan. 1904, she resided in Medway. In the autumn of 1886 Sarah Breck Baker opened a pri- vate school in Dedham Village and continued it till the sunnner of 1898. Beginning with ten pupils her number increased considerably, reaching at one time a maximum of thirty, ages varying from five to fifteen years, the majority passing on to the High School. She is the daughter of Thomas Joel and Cynthia Ann (Breck) Baker, born in Medfield, educated in Dedham Schools including the four years course of the High. Of late years up to the present she has managed the business of the firm of Thomas J. Baker & Son, established by her father on Court Street, Dedham. James Horace Burdett began to teach in Dedham as master of the Oakdale School in May 188(). In October of the same year he was put in charge of the Ames School and so continued with marked success till Dec. 1894. He is the son of ,Ierome Smith and Emily Ilolman (Faulkner) Burdett of Clinton, a graduate of the Bridgewater Normal School, and since Dec. 1894, has been a sub-master in Boston Schools ; resident chiefly in Dedham. Lucy Alice Colburn was an approved teacher in the Oak- dale School from 1886 to 1892, having previously spent one year as Assistant in the Pierce Primary School of Brookline. She is the daughter of James Perrin and Cordelia (Merrifield) Colburn, born in West Dedham where she was educated in the public schools and in Rev. C. S. Locke's Private School, sup- plemented by a course in the Brookline Training School. She was married Oct. 19, 1893, to Ellmer Lewis Curtiss at Newton Upper Falls. At the present time, Jan. 12, 1904, they reside in Hingham. Since 1886 music in the Dedham Schools has been under the direction of Samuel Winkley Cole. During most of this 270 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHJ&RS period he has been Director of Music in the Brookline Public Schools ; of Solfeggio and the Public School Music Department in the New England Conservatory, and of Peoples' Singing Classes in Boston, and entirely successful in all these positions. Under his instruction the pupils of the High School have made such proficiency as to qualify them to give concerts and ora- torios that attracted good audiences in Boston and elsewhere. With his direction "The Creation" of Haydn was given entire in Boston at Tremont Temple in April, 1890, and " The Messiah " of Handel, in Dedham at Memorial Hall in March, 1891, by the Dedham High School Chorus, assisted by pro- fessional soloists. He is the son of Converse and Mary Ann (Winkley) Cole, born in Meriden, N. H., and educated at Kimball Union Academy, the New England Conservatory of Music and by private instructors. He resided in Boston, Jan. 1904. An instance of long and acceptable service in teaching is seen in Margaret Remick Lynas who began to teach in the Avery School in 1886 and was still doing her honest work there, Jan. 1905. She had taught in East Bridge water in 1885. She is the daughter of Jackson and Margaret (Moodie) Lynas, born in Glasgow, Scotland. She began her education in the public schools of Glasgow, continued it in the Fisher and Ames, and graduated from the four years course of the Dedham High School in 1884. Her present residence is in Islington, Westwood. Her generous assistance in the prepara- tion of this record deserves acknowledgment. Ethel A. Littlefield had charge of the Burgess School from 1886 to 1888. Other facts relating to her history we have not found means to obtain. From 1886 to 1888 Annie G. Malloy was First Assistant in the Avery School. Her merits as a teacher soon proved a temptation to some city committee who by more liberal pay removed her from Dedham, but whither we are not able to state. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 271 Alice Maud Spaulding taught drawing in the Dedham High School from Sept. 1886 to June 1887. She also taught the same with good success in Boston. She is the daughter of Erastus Gardner and Frances Maria Spaulding, born in Ded- ham, and a graduate of the three years course at the High School, and also of the Boston Normal Art School. In 1889, March 28, she was married in Dedham to Herbert L. Hemen- way, and for a time resided in Springfield, Mass. From Sept. 1887 to July 1892 Helen Maria Canning was a very capable teacher in the Avery School ; in Oct. 1893, she entered the service of the City of Boston in the Lincoln District where she still teaches. She is the daughter of Francis and Mary F. Canning, born in Dedham, received a four years diploma in the High School, studied in the Advanced Class of the Boston Girls' High, and a year in the Normal to June 1887. East Dedham was her residence, Nov. 1904. Alice Estelle Draper did excellent work in the primary department of the Colburn School four years, 1887 to 1891. She is the daughter of Frank Willard and Louisa (Ellis) Draper, born in West Dedham, and educated in the schools there and one year at the High School, receiving a diploma for four years course. She also enjoyed the advantages of the Bridgewater State Normal School. Sept. 29, 1891, she was united in marriage to Fred Augustus Baker, and they have since resided in Dedham. In 1887-8 Emma Frances Mack taught in the Avery School the seventh grade, having previous experience in Amherst, N. H. one term, and in Holliston, Mass. one year and a half. After leaving Dedham she was supervisor in the Bridgeport Conn. Training School. She is the daughter of William Abbott and Mary (Batchelder) Mack, born in Am- herst, N. H., and educated in the Lowell High School, Fram- ingham State Normal and Boston University. She was mar- ried April 15, 1891, in Lowell, to Samuel H. Thompson, 272 THE SCHOOLS AND .TEACHERS President of the Thompson Hardware Co., and her present resi- dence is School Street, Lowell. In 1887-8 Emma J. Shackley was mistress of the Isling- ton School. Other information is wantinsr. From Sept. 1887 to June 1891 Anna Rebecca Slafter taught drawing in the High School, also was supervisor of drawing in the other public schools of the town. She is the daughter of Carlos and Rebecca (Bullard) Slafter, born in Dedham and educated in its public schools, receiving a diploma of the four years course of study in the High School. In 1883 she graduated with honor from the full course at the Boston Normal Art School ; and, from that year to 1887, taught pen- manship and drawing in the State Normal School at Westfield. April 24, 1895, she was married in Dedham to Calvin Country- man of Rockford, Illinois, where she now resides, finding time in her leisure hours to cultivate art as her favorite pursuit and recreation. From 1887 to 1892 Adelaide Isabella Smith taught in the Avery School. She is the daughter of Alfred Monroe and Mary Jane (Keagan) Smith, born in Dedham and educated in the Dedham High and the Bridge water State Normal Schools. For several years after teaching in Dedham, she was in the employ of the State, as agent to look after the poor children placed in homes. At present she resides in Dedham and is bookkeeper for the Dean Chase Co. of Boston. In the Oakdale School, 1887 to 1891, the First Assistant was Alice Augusta Smith. She first taught in Randolph ; then in North Stoughton ; but soon returning to the North Gram- mar School of Randolph had charge of the fifth and sixth grades till she came to Oakdale. From the Oakdale she went to Somerset and has taught ever since in the same room in the North Primary School. She is the daughter of George and Sarah (Tucker) Smith, born in Randolph, and educated in her schools including the High School course, and was residing there Jan. 22, 1904. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 273 From Oct. 1888 to June 27, 1890 Mrs. Annie E. Abra- hams was Second Assistant in the High School. She was edu- cated in the Maine Wesleyan Seminary and the Female College at Kent's Hill, Me. She left Dedham to teach in some Western city, the name of which is not ascertained. The Burgess School had as a master 1888-9 Frank A. Balch. I have found no one able to give further information concerning him. The work of instruction in Sewing was discontinued for several years, but was resumed in the Spring of 1888, when Mary Elizabeth Cormerais was put in charge of it. She taught nine hours each week, having three classes at the Ames, three at the Avery, and one each at the Quincy, Dexter and Oak- dale. Her statement is as follows : " The first work given was a cloth on which to practise the different stitches before making a bag to keep their materials in ; a pillow slip was the next piece of work, and then aprons, towels and skirts were made. In the third year mending, darning and button holes followed." She found the work interesting but had not the strength to continue it after 1890. She is the daughter of Henry and Mary Otis (Sampson) Cormerais, born in Dedham, educated in its schools including three years in the High School, and in 1904 was still a resident there at 22 Linden Place. From 1888 to 1902 the principal of the Oakdale School was Elmer Lewis Curtiss. He had taught in Milford 1884 to 1886; Bridgewater, fall of 1886; Stoughton (now Avon), 1887 to 1888. He is the son of Augustus B. and Francis A. (McCannon) Curtiss of Derby, Conn., born June 11, 1861. He was educated in the Dwight School of New Haven, Conn, and the Bridgewater State Normal. Married Lucy Alice Col- buj*n, Oct. 19, 1893, at Newton Upper Falls; superintended the schools of Sandwich, Bourne and Marshpee, 1892-3 ; of Hingham and Cohasset, 1893 to 1898. Was admitted to the 274 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Massachusetts Bar March, 1898, and has practised law in Hing- ham to the present time. Emma Gertrude Dudley from 1888 to 1896 was a very acceptable teacher in the Avery School. The daughter of Dean and Mary E. Dudley of Boston, she was trained in the Elementary Schools of Boston, the High School of Wakefield and the Salem Normal School. She is now, Jan. 1904, teach- ing in New Dorchester, her residence being at 8 Armandine Street. Amy Isabel Gay was mistress of the Fisher School four years, 1888-1892, having previously taught in HoUiston, Mil- ford, New Braintree and Middleboro. After leaving Dedham she taught in Norwood. She is the daughter of William and Henrietta (Travis) Gay, born in Holliston, and educated in its public schools and the Framingham State Normal. Feb. 8, 1899, she was married in Peabody to Ealph Thomas Jackson, and her residence March 25, 1904, was at 14 Beethoven Street, Koxbury, Mass. The Islington School from 1888 to 1891 was in charge of Clara Carroll Hewins. She then taught as substitute in the Ames a few months, and from there went to teach in Jamaica Plain. There for the last eight years, 1896 to 1904, she has been the efficient First Assistant in a large private school for boys and girls. She is the daughter of George and Harriet Whiting (Carroll) Hewins, born in Dedham, educated in the public schools ; a four years graduate of the High School and of the Bridge water State Normal. She resides in Dedham. In April 1888 George Frederic Joyee was elected sub- master of the High School. He had previously taught the High Schools of Wolfboro, N. H. and Merrimac, Mass. His specialty while sub-master was chemistry and physics. In Sept. 1892, he became Principal of the school and still, Jan. 1905, fills that responsible position. He is the son of George Frederic and Reliance Hudson (Tucker) Joyce, born in Bos-, ton, and educated in the Boston and Brookline public schools OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 275 and Harvard College. He married in 1884 Villa Arietta Saunders at East New Sharon, Maine ; in 1898, Aug. 25, Caroline Alden Carroll in Dcdham, and in 1904, Dec. 24, Marion Josephine Wendell in Boston. Mr. Joyce is active iqi various organizations for the moral, social and intellectual im- provement of Dedham. In every good cause his help is available. In April 1888 Nellie Genevieve Kelley began to teach in the llivcrdale School and continued there till June 1889 ; then from Sept. 1889 to June 1895, was in the Quincy ; from Sept. 1895 to April 1902 in the Avery; April 14, 1902 began teach- ing in the West Concord Street School, Boston, where she is at present, Jan. 20, 1904, "happily employed." She is the daughter of Patrick and Mary Kelley, born in Dedham, edu- cated in the Dedham Schools including the four years course of the High School faithfully pursued. She resides in East Dedham. From April 1888 to June 1890 Sarah Jane Storms was an Assistant in the High School, having previously taught in Leicester Academy. She is the daughter of Simmon Pena and Sarah Jane (Stevens) Storms, born in San Francisco, Cal. She fitted for college in the Newton High School, and gradu- ated at Wellesley College, degree of B. S., 1883. She left her position in the High School to pursue studies in Germany. Since her return she is said to have devoted herself to her favorite pursuit of teaching, but where we have not been able to ascertain. Dolly Lepha Wales was mistress of the Endicott School six years, 1887 to 1893. She was then transferred to the Oakdale and in 1903 had charge of the fifth and sixth grades. Now, in 1904, some change in her grade may have occurred, but that she is still in the school is to the scholars and their parents cause for felicitation. She is the daughter of Samuel Milton and Abbie (Simons) Wales, born in Williamstown, Vt., educated in the Dedham Schools, receiving a well-earned 276 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS four years diploma at the High School. She resides in Oak- dale, East Dedham. The Burgess School was in charge of Mr. S. B. Buck, 1889-90. What he did before or has done since has not been ascertained. Lucy A. Hall taught in the Avery School from 1889 till 1891. She is said to have married a Mr. Stevens, resided near Boston, but died soon afterwards. Laura Madeline HeAvins was a teacher in the Ames School one year, 1889-90. The next year she taught in Boston, and in 1888-9 had taught in Medfield. She is the daughter of James and Jane Georgianna (Stedman) Hewins, born in Bos- ton, and educated in the Medfield public schools and the Fram- ingham Normal. She was married in 1891 to Henry Bradford Lewis at Medfield and resided in Andover, Mass., but at the present time lives in Lawrence. In 1889-90 Susan H. Lane was a teacher in the Ames School. Other information concerning her has been sought in vain. Lizzie Margaret Shine from 1889 to 1891 was Secretary of the Superintendent of Schools, and substitute teacher; in 1891 she took charge of the Islington School, in which she faithfully served the Town of Dedham six years, and West- wood six. Having passed the Boston Teachers' Examination, she resigned Islington in June, 1903, and has since been teach- ing both day and evening classes in the Eliot School of Bos- ton. She is the daughter of James and Anna M. Shine, born and educated in Dedham, a graduate of the four years course at the High School, and in 1904 was still a resident of Dedham. The Union School in 1890-1 was under the instruction of Emily Bertha Stefan. She is the daughter of Adelbert and Anna Veronica Stefan, born in Boston, educated four years at the Dedham High School, and later a graduate of the Bridge- water State Normal School. She taught first in Lakeville. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 277 Annie G. Carpenter taught a grade in the Ames School 1890-91. Other particulars are wanting. In September, 1890, Mary Rosetta Fitch was elected second assistant in the High School; resigned in June, 1891. She had taught two years in the Stetson High School of Ran- dolph. She is the daughter of Seymour Boughton and Mary (Gregory) Fitch, born in Walton, N. Y., prepared for college in Walton Union School, and graduated from Vassar, A. B. in 1887. She was married Sept. 2, 1891, in Charlestown, to Rev. Charles C. Pierce, and went to reside in Oneonta, N. Y. From Sept., 1890, to Dec, 1891, Mary Chapman Hardy was an able assistant in the High School, having previously taught one year in a private school, Washington, D. C, two years in Clinton College, Kentucky, and one year in the Ar- lington High School. Since leaving Dedham she has taught in the Cambridge Latin School, residing at 54 Lake Street, Arlington, Mass. She is the daughter of Rodney Joel and Sarah Elizabeth (Tenny) Hardy, born in Cambridge and ed- ucated in the public schools of Arlington, and at Smith College. Two years, 1890 to 1892, the Dexter School was in charge of Susan B. Holmes. I have failed to obtain additional facts of her history. From 1890 to 1894 Isabella Jane Mulkern was a teacher in the Ames School. She is said to be teaching now in Boston. She is the daughter of John and Jane (Abberton) Mulkern, born in Dedham and educated in the public schools through the four years course of the High School, and is still a resident of the town. The Riverdale School in 1890-'91 and '92, and in 1892-3 the Oakdale had as one of its teachers Cora Belle Wheeler, who had previously taught in Hudson and Goffstown, N. H., Clin- ton, Mass., and Nashua, N. H., from which place she was called to Dedham. Later she taught again in Nashua, then from 1897 to 1903 in Somerville, Mass. She is the daughter of George Freeman and Charlotte (Bos well) Wheeler, bom in .,/ 278 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS HoUis, N. H., Dec. 25, 1864. She attended Hollis High School and later graduated from the High School of Nashua. She was married Sept. 16, 1903, to Willis Henry Blanchard of Nashua. She taught school 18 years, has been a frequent contributor to educational journals, and is treasurer of the Nashua Woman's Club, residing at 18 Courtland Street, where she says her " duties as home keeper command her chief -attention." Wilhelmina Nora Dranga began her art instruction in Dedham as supervisor of drawing and teaching in the High School, Sept. 1891 to June 1892 ; continued it as teacher in the High School, 1894-5 ; as supervisor, 1895 to 1903. She was also supervisor in Chelsea, 1892 to 1903 ; instructor in the Mass. Normal Art School, Boston, 1891 to 1903. She is the daughter of Niles Gabriel Olousen and Emily (Ogden) Dranga, born in Otsego, Wisconsin ; educated in San Diego, Cal. public schools ; San Jose, Cal. Normal Training School ; University of Southern Cal., Los. Angeles; Mass. Normal Art School, Boston, and by private instruction in Boston. She was married April 4, 1903, to Charles F. F. Campbell in Boston, where she resided Jan 20, 1904. Edith Giles was elected Second Assistant in the High School, Sept. 1891 ; resigned Jan. 1892. She is the daughter of John J. and Abbie (Stevens) Giles, born in Boston, edu- cated three years in the Dedham High School and later at the Chauncey Hall of Boston. She taught for several years a private School in Oakdale. In 1891 the Burgess School was under the instruction of Gertrude L. Merritt. For one year, 1891-2, Jennie Mary Thorne taught a class in the Ames School. She had previously taught in Wayne, Winthrop, Rangely and Deering, Me., between 1880 and 1887; in WalUngford, Conn., 1887 to 1890. She is the daughter of James H. and Mary Jane (Norris) Thorne, born in Wayne, Me., educated in the public schools of her OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 279 native town, and in both the regular and advanced courses of the Farmington State Normal. She was married Aug. 15, 1872, to Alfred F. Johnson of Wayne, 111., where she now resides. Since her marriage, Mrs. Johnson has taught two years in the public schools of Wayne, including one year as principal of the High School ; has served two years on the School Board ; has taught several terms a private school for young children, using Kindergarten methods, and is thus engaged at the present time, Jan. 1904. No one can doubt her statement that she is " still much interested in educational matters." The Union School, 1892-3, was instructed by Winifred E. Bates. During the year 1892-3 the fourth grade of the Ames School was in charge of Flora Emeline Billings. In Sept., '93, she left to teach the fifth grade of the Webster School, Cambridge, where she remained three years. In 1896 she began to teach in the (yhristopher Gibson School of Boston, and has taught in succession the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth grades, the last of which is now under her care. She is the daughter of George Russell and Emeline Matilda (Dickenson) Billings, born in Canton, educated in her public schools, and at the Bridgewater State Normal. At this date, Jan., 1904, her home is in Canton. Mary Blanchard Bonney taught the primary department of the Colburn School in 1892, and the fifth grade of the Ames in 1893. Ill health forbade her teaching longer. She was the daughter of Henry Clay and Florence (Bridge) Bonney, born in Dedham, educated in the Dedham High and the Bridgewater State Normal Schools. She removed to Denver, Colorado, and died there Sept. 19, 1895. Her memory is fondly cher- ished by many friends. From 1892, about two years, Harriet Eliza Brazee was a teacher in the Avery School, having previously taught at Miller's Falls, Montague. She is the daughter of Andrew and Laura Victoria (Smith) Brazee of Sheffield, where she began 280 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS her education, continuing it at the Elmwood Seminary, Glen's Falls, New York, N. E. Conservatory of Music, Boston, and in special branches under private teachers. Since leaving Ded- ham she has made special study of Physiology and Hygiene and modern methods of caring for the sick. As Physician's Assistant she has studied medicine and is at the present time Vice-President of "the Ladies' Physiological Institute of Boston and vicinity," which was formed in 1848, and incor- porated in 1850. Its object is thus defined : *' To promote among women a knowledge of the human system, the laws of life and health, the means of relieving sickness and suffering." Miss Brazee's business address is 131 Tremont Street, Boston ; her residence, 254 West Newton Street. In September, 1893, Isabel E. Clark was appointed to the primary division of the Colburn School, and remained one year ; then she was transferred to the second grade of the Avery ; two years later to the sixth grade of the same school, from which she resigned in 1902, to teach in Boston. She is the daughter of James T. and Isabel C. Clark, born in Dedham and educated in her schools, graduating from the four years course of the High in 1891 ; also from the Boston Normal in January, 1893. Her residence in Jan., 1904, was at 569 River Street, Mattapan, Mass. *'Sloyd" was taught by Anna V. Comins from 1893 to 1897 in the Old High School House on Highland Street. In February, 1892, Mabel Gair Curtis was appointed as Assistant in the High School, a position she filled very credit- ably till June, 1903. She had taught from Sept., 1890, in the Westboro High School, and is now, Jan. 20, 1904, a teacher in the Somerville Latin School. She is the daughter of Nelson and Jane Elizabeth (Gilbert) Curtis, born in Boston, educated in the schools of Newton Centre ; High School two years ; Girls' Latin of Boston, class of '86; and Wellesley College, class of '90. Jan. 20, 1904, hei: residence was 829 Boylston Street, Boston, Mass. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 281 Blanche I. George was assistant teacher of drawing in 1892-3. The Endicott School of 1893-4 was in charge of Edna Hilton, who resigned her position for a more attractive one in the High School of Randolph, remaining there from 1895 to 1898, since which time she has continued to teach in the Brockton High School. She is the daughter of Rev. Charles Augustus and Sarah Adelaide (Carpenter) Hilton, born in Frankfort, Illinois, completing her education in the Chelsea High School and Boston University. She resided in Brockton, Jan. 5, 1904. For one year, from Sept., 1892, C. Belle Kenny, S. B., was the science teacher of the High School, having previously, 1887 to 1888, taught in Bryn Mawr School, Baltimore, Md. ; Mt. Holyoke College, 1888 to 1890; High School, Ports- mouth, N. H., 1890 to 1892. From 1893 to 1896 she taught in Howard Seminary, West Bridgewater ; and since 1896 has been to the present teaching in the Quincy Mansion School, Quincy. She is the daughter of Samuel G. and Susan (Nason) Kenny, born in Boston and educated in the schools of that city, including primary. Grammar, High and Institute of Tech- nology. Her home residence is at 94 West Street, Reading, Mass. In 1893-4 Marion Helena Lamson was an assistant in the High School, having had some previous experience as a sub- stitute teacher in the Northampton High School. Since teach- ing in Dedham she has done private tutoring only. She is the daughter of Charles M. and Helena F. (Bridgman) Lamson, born in Worcester and educated in its public schools, St. Johnsbury (Vt.) Academy, and Smith College. Her residence in March, 1904, was in Prescott, Arizona. Katherine Elizabeth Lahey was a teacher in the Avery School from Nov., 1893, till June, 1895. She was born in Stoneham, the daughter of John, Jr., and Katherine Lahey, and received her education in the public schools of Stoneham, 282 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS and the Bridgewater Normal. In Jan., 1904, Miss Lahey was teaching in the Brimmer School, Boston. Since 1893, Dorothy Helmer McManus has been the sub- stitute teacher for the Dedham schools, and has also done the office work for the school department. In this position her work has been effective and satisfactory to the committee and Superintendent. She is the daughter of Patrick Henry and Bridget (Coleman) McManus, born in Dedham, and educated in the public schools, including a three years course in the High School. The uniform excellence of her instruction saves the schools from loss in case of the unavoidable absence of the regular teachers. She resides at 16 Mt. Vernon Street, Ded- ham, but reports every morning of school days at the Super- intendent's office. As her first school, Alice Catherine Smithick taught the Colburn one year, 1895-f). She has since taught the Dunbar Street School of Abington, 1896 to 1898, and the Keith School of Brockton, 1898 to the present time, Jan., 1904. She is the daughter of Maurice and Mary Frances (Keegan) Smithick, born in Brockton, and educated in the High School of that city and the Bridgewater State Normal. She resides at 84 Ford Street, Brockton. From 1893 to 1896 physical culture was taught in the Dedham schools by Olive F. Moakler. Sarah J. Probert took charo^e of the Burgess School in 1892 and retained that position till the discontinuance of that school in 1896. Nov. 30, 1893, the Riverdale School was put into the care of Florence Rogers Abbott, and so continued till 1898 when she was transferred to the Endicott and remained there till 1902. Then she obtained a year's absence to take a special course in kindergarten work in Boston with Miss Wheelock. In Sept. 1903, she was appointed principal of the Oakdale kindergarten where she is now employed. She is the daughter of J. Var- num and Lucy J. Abbott, bora in Danvers, educated in the OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 283 Dedham schools, three years in the High, and in the Normal Kindergarten at Cambridge. Her residence is in Oakdale, East Dedham, Mass. Henry O. Ryder taught drawing in the Dedham schools a part of the year 1893. The Dexter School from 1892 to 1896 had for its mistress Hattie Bruce Shaw, who had taught a large ungraded school of 50 pupils in Mattapoisett four years. Leaving Dedham she studied a year in the Boston Normal Art School, then taught arithmetic and drawing one term in the Hyannis State Normal, then three years in the Normal at Castleton, Vt., Sept., 1897, to June, 1900. From Sept., 1902, to the end of 1903 she taught in one of the cottages of the Lancaster State Industrial School for girls ; at present she is the supervisor of the schools, having the oversight of the work in the eight cottages. She is the daughter of Bruce Freeman and Eliza Angelica (Cook) Shaw, born in Mattapoisett, and educated in the public, Gram- mar and High Schools of her native town, and the Bridge water State Normal. Her home address, is Mattapoisett ; present, Lancaster, Mass. The master of Oakdale School, 1893-4, was Edward Franklin South worth, the son of Edward and Harriet (Hill) Southworth, born in Quincy and educated in Boston public schools, Adams Academy of Quincy, Bridgewater Normal School, and Harvard University. He married Gertrude Van Duyn, April 19, 1900, in Syracuse, N. Y., where he now rep- resents the publishing firm of Ginn & Co., residing at 314 Highland Avenue. Annie G. Spencer was the first teacher of Sloyd employed by the town, teaching through the school year of 1892-3 in the building formerly occupied by the High School. Alice L. Williams from Sept., 1892, to Dec, 1902, "ten years without one day of absence," was mistress of the Fisher School. She was the daughter of Rinaldo and Susan (Cranch) Williams, born in Hyde Park and educated in the Greenwood 284 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS and High Schools of her native town and the State Normal at Bridgewater, graduating in June, 1892. She also had a good education in music. She died Dec. 21, 1902, one week after closi ng her work as a teacher. In the school report of West- wood for 1902, Kev. C. S. Locke pays a handsome tribute to her worth in which he says : *'She was a well qualified and diligent teacher and inspired many of her pupils with her own alacrity for work and fondness for study. She was devoted to her pupils and cultivated in them a love for natural science, good literature and general intelligence." With the assistance of a musical club and her pupils, she gave a concert, Nov. 7, 1902, to raise money for the decoration of her school-room. After her death the proceeds were used to place a good portrait of Miss Williams and other pictures in the school-room, where they now " reflect the bright and cheerful spirit of the former teacher." From April, 1892, to Nov, 30, 1893, Isabella F.Winslow had charge of the Oakdale School, having taught the Union School the previous year. From 1892 to 1894 Grace Louise Hayes was a teacher in the Avery School, having taught in HoUiston, 1891-2. After leaving Dedham she was an assistant in the Grove Street Train- ing School for Teachers of Pawtucket, R. I., 1894 to 1896; Principal of the Beverly Training School, 1896-'99 ; and assistant in Brookline, 1899-1900. She is the daughter of George Nathaniel and Eliza Ann (Leavitt) Hayes, born in Portland, Maine, Jan. 29, 1872 ; educated in Peabody Primary, Grammar, and High Schools, and the State Normal of Salem. She was. married to Ozro Miller Field, of Beverly, Aug. 22, 1900, and resided in 1904 at 31 Central Street, Beverly. For one year, 1892-3, the Oakdale School was in charge of Nathan Gardner Kingsley. His previous experience was two years in ungraded schools of New York and Illinois, six years at Cambridge, N. Y., 1883-1889; three at Palatine Bridge, N. Y., 1889 to 1892; the last two schools included OF DEDHAM. MASSACHUSETTS 285 all grades, primary to High, all under his care as master. He left Dedhara to be principal of the Doyle Grammar School of Providence, R. I., and was still in charge of it, Jan., 1904. He is the son of Joseph and Harriet (Waterman) Kingsley, born at Clifton Park, Saratoga Co., N. Y. ; educated at the Albany Normal School and Union College. On Dec. 24, 1885, he was married at Round Lake, N. Y., to Elizabeth Sherman, and now resides at 39 Forest Street, Providence, R. I. In 1892-3 Alice Edith May taught the fourth grade of the Avery School. She had previously instructed schools in East Wejanouth, Ayer Junction and Brewster. Since leaving Dedham she has been teaching in Cambridge to the present time, 1904. She is the daughter of Ira W. and Mary Ella (Baker) May, born in Avon, and educated in the public schools there and in the State Normal School at Bridgewater. Her present residence is Cambridge, Mass., 92 Magazine Street. From 1893 to 1904 the Dedham High School was fortunate in retaining the services of Marion Josephine Wendell, although she spent two years 1898 and 1899 in Europe, chiefly study- ing in Berlin. Just before coming to Dedham she taught a year in Cambridge. She is the daughter of George William and Mary Ellen Wendell, born in Plainfield, N. J., where she began her education, continuing it in the Cambridge Latin School, Boston University, and the Berlin Universitj^ Ger- many. She was married in Boston, December 24, 1904, to George F. Joyce, Jr., and resides on Court Street, Dedham. Adelaide Dickinson Billings was a teacher in the Colburn School 1894-5 ; of the fourth grade, Ames, 1895-97 ; of fifth grade, 1897 to March 1898 when she left to go to Cambridge, where she taught the advanced fourth grade in the Washington School, 1898 to 1900. She was married in Canton, Aug. 22, 1900, to John Cotton Billings, instructor in Normal training in the East High School of Minneapolis, Minn. She resided in Minneapolis till the death of her husband, Nov. 25, 1892, 286 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS when she returned to be with her parents, George Russell and Emeline Matilda (Dickinson) Billings in Canton, her native town. Drawing was taught to the schools below the high in 1894-5 by Mjra D. Billings. One of the Assistants of the Ames School, 1894-5, was D. Frances Campbell. She taught in the Avery from 1896 till 1899. From 1894 to 1897 Winthrop Newton Crocker was mas- ter of the Oakdale School, having previously taught in Palmer and East Weymouth, a year in each. He is the son of Charles and Mary Elizabeth (Morse) Crocker, born in Brewster, edu- cated in Brewster public schools, and by preparation for col- lege in a private school, and a course in the Bridge water State Normal School, with four seasons of summer school, receiving A. B. at graduation from the Western University of Chicago. He was married in Aug. 189G, at Weymouth, to Florence E. Bates. After leaving Oakdale he superintended the schools of Dartmouth and Westport five and a half years, and since Jan. 1903, has been supervising principal of the Lincoln School, Hancock District, Quincy, where he resided Jan. 25, 1904. Alice Josephine Keelan began to teach as the Assistant of Miss Shaw in the Dexter School in 1894 ; in 1897 she be- came principal of the same school, and is very efficient in that position at the present time. She is the daughter of Michael and Catherine Elizabeth (Roche) Keelan, born in Dedliam, and educated in the Avery School, Notre Dame Academy, Boston, and Miss Symond's Kindergarten Normal. She resides at 366 High Street, Dedham. Florence Fay Kinney had charge of the third grade of the Ames School seven years, 1894 to 1901, She had previously taught the East Street School of Suffield, Conn. She is the daughter of Timothy AVilliam and Ann Elizabeth (Fay) Kin- ney, born in Suffield, Conn., educated in a private school at Windsor Locks, and graduated at the New Britain Conn. Nor- OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 287 mal School. Miss Kinney is now Assistant Matron at the Easton Sanitarium, Easton, Pennsylvania. From 1894 to 1898 Isabelle Orr Nutter was an Assistant in the High School and never taught elsewhere. She is the daughter of Edmund Winslow and Harriet (Alden) Nutter, born in East Bridgewater where she attended the High School four years, then the Girls' High School in Boston one year, finally the Bridgewater State Normal the four years course. She resigned from Dedham High School in 1898 to travel abroad ; was employed in an office in Boston, 1899 ; was mar- ried Sept. 11, 1900, to Walter Bradford Southgate at New- ton Highlands, where she now resides at 83 Forest Street. In 1894 and 1895 Irene Bidwell Roby taught in the Col- burn School as an assistant of the principal and has taught in no other school. She is the daughter of Edgar F. and Isabel (Meek) Roby, born in West Dedham, educated in the Colburn School, and was a resident of Westwood in 1904. Leila Helen Sprague taught in the Oakdale School one year, 1894-5. She resigned to take a position in the Stough- ton of Boston, retaining it four years ; then was appointed Master's Assistant in the Washington of Cambridge, where she is still employed. She is the daughter of William Pendleton and Marilla Marks (Parker) Sprague, born in No. Islesboro, Maine, and educated in Somerville Grammar School, Quincy High, and Bridgewater State Normal ; resides in Cambridge. The Endicott School for one year, 1894-5, had as Master Frederick Wilson Swan. The next year Mr. Swan taught the eighth grade of the Ames ; the next five years he Avas Princi- pal of the school, leaving it Oct. 4, 1901, for the submaster- ship of the Chapman Grammar School of East Boston, where he is now teachino:. He is the son of Frederick Marcellus and Emma Frances (Mayo) Swan, born in Boston, educated in the Stoughton and Dorchester High Schools, Bridgewater State Normal, and Teachers' School of Science, Boston. He belongs to the Swan family that used to furnish so many teachers about 288 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS 1860 that it was a common saying in Dorchester, " every other teacher is a Swan." He was married Aug. 8, 1901, at Ashley Falls, Mass., to Lydia Mabel Munson. They reside at 469 Meridian Street, East Boston. As avocations, Mr. Swan is First Assistant in the East Boston Educational Circle ; Secre- tary and Treasurer of Teachers' School of Science Association ; Vice-President of the Young Men's Congregational Club ; Chm. of Science Committee N. E. Conference of Educational Workers ; and President of the Monday Night Club of East Boston. Catherine Elizabeth Walters, from Feb. 1 to the end of the school year, 1894-5, taught in the Avery School, fourth division. She was the daughter of Louis and Catherine Eliza- beth Walters of Quincy, and was educated in the Quincy pub- lic schools and the Bridg-ewater Normal. The fifth grade of the Avery School, from 1895 to 1898, was instructed by Maude Jennie Bray. Since 1898 she has been the Principal of the Washington Primary of Taunton. She is the daughter of John Wilson and Julia (Oliver) Bray, born in Middletown, Conn., and educated in the public schools of Hartford, Ct., the High School of Taunton, Mass., and the State Normal of Bridgewater. Her present residence is at 20 Cedar Street, Taunton, Mass. During two school years, 1895 and 1896, the Endicott School was in charge of Harriet Byram. This was her only school teaching. She is the daughter of Joseph William and Helen Amelia (Townsend) Byram, born in Raynham ; educated in the grammar schools of Brockton and its High School, class of 1893 ; and in the Bridgewater Normal, class of 1895. She was married July 12, 1897, in Brockton, to Fred Whitman Glasier, and since that time has resided in Brockton, engaged with her husband in the business of photography. From January, 1895, to Jan. 9, 1897, Mary Porter Cushing was a teacher in the High School, having previously taught in the High School of Orange. She is the daughter of OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 289 Daniel L. and Ellen C. Gushing of Hartford, Vt., and was ed- ucated at Kimball Union Academy, Meriden, N. H., Tilden Seminary, West Lebanon, N. H., and Wellesley College. She was married Jan. 10, 1898, at Quechee, Vt., to Dr. H. K. Shatswell of Dedham, and resides at 67 School Street. Herbert Seymour Gay was master of the Ames School from June, 1895, to April, 1896, having previously taught in a grammar school in Belchertown, and as principal of one in Slatersville, E. I., and as a substitute in Westfield. After leaving Dedham he was sub-master of the Webster School ; Latin High of Cambridge ; Principal of the Putnam Evening School, East Cambridge, and the Lyman Evening School, East Boston. He is the son of Edward Baker and Marietta Sibley (Blodgett) Gay, born in Belchertown, and educated in the Grammar and High Schools of his native town, and a four years course of the Westfield State Normal. In 1902 he grad- uated from Harvard Medical School : then spent two and one- half years in the Hospitals of Boston ; and has recently been appointed Assistant Surgeon in the Gynaecological Dept. of Boston Dispensary. His office and residence, Oct., 1904, was at 171 Massachusetts Avenue, Boston. The month of December, 1895, Clara Clifton Howland taught in the Colburn School ; from Jan., 1896, to April, 1898, in the Avery, seventh grade ; from April, 1898, to June, 1900, the fifth grade of the Ames. Before coming to Dedham she was a teacher in East Bridgewater and North Raynham ; since leaving Dedham she has taught in the Christopher Gibson School, and now resides in Dorchester. She is the daughter of John Otis and Clarissa Kingman (Brown) Howland, born in East Bridgewater, educated in West Bridgewater Ele- mentary, East Bridgewater High, and Bridgewater State Normal, Schools. Winifred J. Kenney was third assistant in the Avery School, 1895-6. From Sept., 1896, to June, 1897, Edna Frances Alger 290 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS taught the eighth grade of the Ames School, having previously taught one year in Peabody. Leaving Dedham she taught the eighth and ninth grades in Winthrop five years. She is the daughter of Charles Francis and Catherine Alger, born in Hingham, and educated in the primary schools of Watervliet, N. Y., the grammar of Abington, Mass., Hingham High School and a four years course of the Bridgewater Normal. She was married Oct. 25, 1902, in Winthrop, to George Hatch Townsend and resides at *' The Peabody" in Ashmont. . The sixth grade of the Ames School from 1896 to 1903 was instructed by Bertha Vinton Cobb who had taught pre- viously two years in the Carpenter School of Attleboro. In the public schools of that town and in the Bridgewater State Normal she had been prepared for her successful work. She is the daughter of A. Vinton and Mary Simmons (Brown) Cobb of Attleboro. In 1904 she resided in Brookline, and was teaching in the Pierce grammar school. For the last eight years, Jan. 1896 to 1904, the Oakdale School has been fortunate in the tuition of Mae Leavitt Hayes, who had previously taught in Attleboro, Mass. and Goffstown, N. H. She is the daughter of George Nathaniel and Eliza Ann (Leavitt) Hayes, born in Portland, Maine, and educated in the primary, grammar and high schools of Peabody and the Salem State Normal School. With such advantages aiding good natural abilities the result is never doubtful. From 1896 to 1904 Elizabeth Ellen Henderson has been a faithful teacher in the Avery, her only school, in which she now has charge of the third grade. She is the daughter of Henry A. and Elizabeth (Roundy) Henderson, born in Marble- head and educated in its High School, and later attending a private School in Boston. When not engaged in teaching her residence is in Swampscott, Mass. From 1896 to 1904 Mary Adelaide McClearn has given in- struction in needle work in all the Dedham Schools. She is the daughter of Henry Thomas and Mary Adelaide (Cassell) OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 291 McClearn, born in Boston, educated in the Ames and Iligii Schools, receiving at the latter a diploma of four years, and at "The Emerson College of Oratory," Boston. Her resi- dence is in Dedham. In April, 1896, Harriet Quimby took charge of the sixth and seventh grades of the Colburn School and so continued to 1898. She had previously taught the primary department of the Centre School of Westford a year and a term, April, 1888, to Dec, 1889. In Sept., 1895, she was elected teacher in Ludlow, Mass., Longmeadow District; but resigned in April, 1896. She was the daughter of Ira B. and Lucy Ann (Raynes) Quimby : born in East Boston ; educated in Adams School, Wollaston ; Thayer Academy, Braintree, and the Bridgewater State Normal School. Her last residence was Maiden. She died Dec. 30, 1898, at the home of her brother in Philadelphia, Pa., whither she had gone for her health. From 1896 till April, 1899, Hattie Bartlett Sears was a teacher in the Quincy School. She is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Bartlett Sears, born in Hyde Park and educated in the Grammar and High Schools of her native town, and the Bridge- water State Normal. She was married Oct. 31, 1899, at Hyde Park, to Brenelle Hunt, Principal of the Model School of the Bridgewater State Normal, and resided in Bridgewater, March 16, 1904. In the High School, 1896 to 1900, Annabel Stetson was an assistant teacher, having a previous experience of five years in the High Schools of Brunswick and Portland, Maine, and of nine years in Miss Wesselhoeft's Private School of Boston. After a period of rest following her work in Dedham, she re- sumed teaching in the Brunswick High School, and was thus employed March 10, 1904. She is the daughter of Joseph and Maria E. (Brown) Stetson, born in Brunswick, Me., and ed- ucated in the High School of her native town, the Boston Normal, and as a special student at Cornell, Radcliffe, the Berlitz School of Languages, and various private courses. She 292 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS has been a member of the Boston Browning Society, May- flower Descendants, (five lines of descent,) and is officially connected with the Maine Society of the same name ; is also a zealous collector of old books, china, and stamps ; and may be addressed at Brunswick, Maine. The eighth grade of the Avery School, 1896-7, was in charge of Flora Phillips Townsend. She was the daughter of John Phillips and Olive Soule (Winsor) Townsend, born in Bridgewater, educated in the Elementary, High, and State Normal Schools of that town, graduating from the four years course of the Normal in 1875. After teaching in the Avery she studied in the Boston Normal Art School, Classes A and B, 1897 to 1899 ; was supervisor of drawing in Abington five years, 1897-1902 : in Bridgewater public schools, and Bridge- water Model School, four years, 1898 to 1904. She was married Sept. 6, 1902, at Bridgewater, Mass., to Walter S. Little, and there resides. Butella E. L. Conland was a teacher in the Colburn School, 1896-7; from 1897 to 1904 she taught in the Parker and Sleeper Schools of Cambridge. She is the daughter of Martin and Emma (Bigelow) Conland, born in Brookfield, Vt., and educated in Randolph, Vt. High School, Orford, N. H. Academy, and the Randolph Centre Normal School. April 20, 1904, she resided in Cambridge, Mass. Elizabeth Gray Diman from 1897 to 1904 has taught the seventh or eighth grades of the Ames School ; she had previously taught schools in Paxton and Southbridge. She is the daughter of Frank Benjamin and Lucy (Belcher) Diman of Holbrook where she was educated in the High School, and later by a four years course in the Bridgewater State Normal. One year, 1897, Florence May Farnham was a teacher in the Avery School, having previous experience in the schools of Soraerville. Leaving the Avery, she taught in Newton, and later in the City of Chicago. She is the daughter of Abner D. and Margaret F. (Crosby) Farnum, born in Warner, N, OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 293 H., and educated in Simond's High School, Warner, and the Bridge water State Normal. As she is making this a vacation year for rest, she is now, Feb. 1904, residing at Hotel Russ- win, New Britain, Conn. For the school year 1897-8 Sloyd was taught by Joseph A. Frizzel. Helen Sawyer Merritt taught in the Oakdale School, 1897, and in the Avery 1898 to 1900. She taught in the Centre School of Revere, 1900-1, and in the Shurtleff of the same town, she has taught from 1902 to the present, Jan. 26, 1904. She is the daughter of Martin Van Buren and Anna Christina fSchaadt) Merritt, born in Chelsea, and educated in the Ded- ham public schools and the Bridgewater State Normal. Her present residence is at 61 Pleasant Street, Revere, Mass. In 1897 Anna Black Morton was appointed Assistant Supervisor and Teacher of Drawing in the schools of the town, and held this position till June, 1903, when she was made Supervisor. Meanwhile she has been, a portion of the time, Supervisor of Drawing in Hanover and Norwell, and of the Chelsea High School. She is the daughter of Charles Henry and Minerva Anna Morton, born in Fairhaven and obtained her education in its High School, Miss Tibb's Priv^ate School, and the Mass. Normal Art School. Her residence is in Boston, at Suite 4, 13 Garrison Street, and at the present time, March 22, 1904, she continues her acceptable work in the schools of Dedham. Myra Josephine Perry is on the list of Ames teachers for 1897-8 as Master's Assistant. She had previously been an assistant in the Farmington High, and the Deering High of Portland, Me. Since leaving Dedham she has taught in Leicester Academy and the High Schools of Bristol, Conn., Leominster and North Brookfield, Mass. She is the daughter of Leonard and Ella Julia Clark (Smith) Perry, born in Man- chester, Me., and educated in the Deering High School and Westbrook Seminary of Portland, Me., and Colby University. 294 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS She is a teacher of Latin, Greek, and History, and, excepting Leominster, has been master's assistant in every position she iias held. Her residence, Oct., 1904, was North Brookfield, JMass. From 1897 to 1901, Elizabeth Tracy was third assistant in the High School. Slie then resigned, to teach in the South Boston High School, whore she is novv employed, Feb., 1904; also is directing Boys' Clubs in the Bigelow Educational Centre, South Boston. She is the daughter of Andrew and Theresa (Dervan) Tracy, born in Dedham and educated in her public schools and Radclitfe College, Cambridge. Her present res- idence is at 205 Colburn Street, East Dedham. From September, 1897, to June, 1903, Annie Evelyn Whittier was the efficient principal of the Oakdale School. She had previously been Principal's assistant in the Cobbet School of Lynn, and the Washington, of Cambridge. She is now, 1904, Principal of the Pickering Grammar School of Lynn. She is the daughter of Charles and Susan (Smith) Whittier, born in Corinth, Maine, and was educated in the public schools of Lynn and the Salem Normal. Her present residence is in Lynn. Beginning in the fall of 1898 Mabel Gertrude Berry had charge of the Avery Kindergarten until Feb. 1903. After that date she taught in the public schools of Boston a year, and is now in charge of the W. L. P. Boardman Kindergarten. She is the daughter of Solon Kendrick and Elizabeth Ann (Cummings) Berry, born in Thetford, Vt., and educated in the public schools and Academy of that town, and the Page Normal Kindergarten Class of Boston. At this date, Feb. 24, 1904,, she resides at 234 Franklin Street, Cambridge. From Sept. to Jan. 1898, Marion Nellie Darling was a teacher in the Ames School, having previously taught a year, 1896-7, in the seventh and eighth grades of a grammar school in Amherst. Since leaving Dedham she has been Supervisor of Drawing two years, 1901-1903, in Attleboro, and one year, OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 295 1903-4, in Northampton. She is the daughter of Leander Allen and Emma (Thompson) Darling, born in Tongaloo, Mississippi, and educated in the Bridgewater State Normal and Boston Normal Art Schools. Her residence May 15, 1904, was at 42 Rockview Street, Jamaica Plain. The seventh grade of the Avery School from 1898 to 1902 was in charge of Marion Helen Garfield. She had taught in Peabody from Sept. 1896 to April 1898. She is the daughter of Moses Howell and Isabel (Warren) Garfield, born in Read- ing, educated in the public schools of Maynard, from fourth grade through High, and Bridgewater State Normal, fouryears course. She was married Oct. 15, 1902, at Maynard, to Dr. Frederick Prescott Drew, and now, Jan. 1904, resides at East Dedham. Cornelia Mills Gay began to teach the second division of the Colburn School in 1876 and managed it with rare success till 1885 when she was enrolled among the teachers of the Ames. There her work still goes on safe from all criticism, and a reason for deep gratitude to both parents and children. She is the daughter of Henry and Mary A. (French) Gay, born in West Dedham, and educated in the public schools of Dedham from primary to the end of the High. She resides in Westwood. I am indebted to Miss Gay for valuable assistance in preparing this volume, and while acknowledging this, I re- gret the accident which made her own record appear later in the volume than it should. In 1898-9 the Riverdale School was in the care of Mary Catherine Hannon who has since taught continuously and of course successfully in the Quincy. She is the daughter of Thomas and Anne (Mahoney) Hannon, born in Dedham, and educated in her public schools, primary, grammar and high, with a supplementary course in the Boston Normal School. Her post oflice address is East Dedham. From 1898 to 1901 Mary Frances Nowell was the teacher of Kindergarten in the Ames School, this being her whole 296 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS experience in teaching. She is the daughter of George Foster and Anna Washburn (Knight) Nowell, born in Milford, N.H., and educated in the schools of Cambridge. Her residence in May, 1904, was at 373 Broadway, Cambridge, Mass. William Ware Locke, since 1898, has taught and directed manual training in the Dedham Schools. He had previous experience in Dover, 1878, Denver, Colorado, 1879, and Bos- ton Evening Schools, 188(5 to 1898. He is the son of Rev. Calvin Stoughton and Anne (Lincoln) Locke, of Westwood, where in public and private schools he was prepared for the Worcester Polytechnic Institute from which he graduated B. S. and later from Harvard University. He was the Superintendent of the Barnard Memorial, 1885-1893 ; Secre- tary of Good Government Club, N. Y., 1894-1898 ; Superin- tendent of Vacation Schools, N. Y., 1894-1897; Supervisor, Truancy Department, N. Y. 1894-1897. Since 1895 he has lectured and worked to promote Social Settlement Clubs, Temperance Societies and Boys' Clubs. June 16, 1900, he was married to Sarah Kendall Savary, at Groveland, Mass. ; and now, 1904, resides in Boston at 15 Ashburton Place. From Sept. 1898, to June, 1903, Christine Tilton Mans- field was fourth Assistant in the High School. Her previous experience in teaching was in Belmont, from Sept. 1893, to June, 1897. She is the daughter of Preston Rugglesand Har- riet Josephine (Davis) Mansfield, born in Lancaster, educated in the Dedham public schools and Smith College, supple- mented by a year at Radcliffe. She was married to Henry Cole at Dedham, Oct. 21, 1903, and remains a resident of the town. The fifth grade of the Avery School from 1898 to 1900 was in charge of Martha Isabel Shaw, who had previously taught in Meriden and Plainville, Conn. She left Dedham for a years study in the Boston Normal, at the close of which she accepted a position in Weymouth, and after a year and three months was offered a more desirable one in New Bedford OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 297 which she filled for the remainder of the year, then she received an appointment to the Sherwin School of Boston where she was teaching March 10, 1904. She was the daughter of "Walter S. and Sarah E. Shaw, born in Westville, Conn., and educated in the public schools of Meriden, Conn, and the State Normal at New Britain. Her last residence was in Boston, Mass., 197 St. Botolph Street, where she died May 8, 1904. Barbara E. Vogler was a teacher in the Ames School, 1898-9, and in the Avery 1899-1900. She had previously taught in Franklin, 1897-8, and in Everett, 1898. She is the daughter of John Sprague and Lilian Earlc (Downs) Vogler, born in Concord, N. H., educated in the public schools of Portsmouth, N. H., Quincy High and Bridgevvater State Nor- mal. She was married Oct. 3, 1900, at Quincy to William Emerson Tower, and resided at Atlantic, (Quincy), Mass., Jan. 21, 1904. From Sept. 1898, to April, 1902, Marshall Wentworth assisted in the High School, having previously taught, 1894-5, in Mr. Teal's Select School, Plainfield, N. J. ; and from 1895 to 1898 as principal of the High School in Winchester, Mass. In 1902-3 he was principal of the High School, Wareham, Mass. At the present time, Feb. 1904, he has charge of the Canton High. He is the son of Alonzo Bond and Isabel Sewell (Goodwin) Wentworth, born in Cambridge, and edu- cated in the public schools of Dcdham, Phillips Exeter Academy and Harvard College, A. B. 1894, magna cum laude. His home is still in Dedham, 562 East Street. John Laing Gibb began in 1899 to teach music in the District Schools as assistant of vSamuol W. Cole, and so con- tinued till 1902. He had previously much experience in pri- vate class instruction, and since 1892 has been Supervisor of Music in Attleboro and Lexington. For four years he taught in the People's Singing Classes of Boston, and for seven years has been a member of the Handel and Haydn Society of that city ; also for two years director of music in the Church of the 298 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Good Shepherd, Oakdale ; for three years, of the Baptist of East Dedham ; for two years, of the Second Congregational of Attleboro ; is now Director of the Wrentham Musical Association. He is the son of James and Elizabeth (Laing) Gibb, born in Keith, Banffshire, Scotland, and educated in the Keith Public School and the New England Conservatory of Music. In 1904 he married Irene B. Smith of Attleboro, where he now resides at 62 North Main Street. The Kindergarten department of the Ames School from 1899 to 1902 was under the care of Agnes Richards Hinman. She is the daughter of Charles W. and Mary (Richards) Hin- man, born in Chelsea, and educated at Chauncy Hall, Boston ; the Friends School, Providence, R. I. ; Abbott Academy, Andover, and Miss Garland's Kindergarten Normal Training School. Her residence May 15, 1904, was at 29 Albano Street, Roslindale, Mass. From Jan. 1899, to June, 1901, the Ames School had Lydia Mabel Munson as Principal's Assistant. She is the daughter of George Gilbert and Jennie (McKnight) Munson, born in Great Barrington, educated in the Pittsfield grammar and High Schools and the North Adams State Normal. She was married Aug. 8, 1901, at Ashley Falls, Mass., to Fred- erick William Swan. Their present residence, Jan. 20, 1904, is at 469 Meridian Street, East Boston. Helen Waterman's first experience as a teacher was in the Ames School where she was an Assistant two years from Sept. 8, 1899, to June, 1901 ; then she taught a year in East Bridge water, and since Sept. 1902, her work has been con- tinued in Everett till the present, Dec. 20, 1904. She is the daughter of George Lewis and Sarah (Sawyer) Waterman, born in Hyde Park, Vt., and educated in the Lamoille Central Academy, Hyde Park, Vt. ; Peoples' Academy, Morrisville, Vt., and the Framingham High and State Normal Schools. Her residence is at 24 Pleasant Street, Everett. The Riverdale School, 1899-1900, was in charge of May or DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 299 Hall Wentworth who had taught previously in the Phillips Avenue School of New Bedford, and since leaving Dedham to the present time, March 10, 1904, has been a teacher in the Kingman School of Brockton. She is the daughter of Samuel Marshall and Anna A. (Hall) Wentworth, born in Berwick, Me., and educated in the High School of Somersworth, N. H. and the Bridge water State Normal. Her address is 14 High- land Street, Brockton. Ellen Eliza Barker was a teacher in the Ames School from 1900 to 1904 : the first two years of the fifth grade ; after Dec. 24, 1902, as Principal's Assistant ; but on June 24, 1904, she was elected to the ninth grade of a school in Brookline. Before coming to Dedham she had taught the fifth and sixth grades in the Atlantic Avenue School of Patuxet, R. I. She is the daughter of George R. and Clara A. Barker, born in Rutland, Vt., educated in the Fairmount Grammar and the High Schools of Hyde Park and the Bridge water State Normal. Florence Christine Boynton in 1900 took charge of the Riverdale School, but in October was promoted to the Ames, sixth grade. Before coming to Dedham she had taught one term in Sterling previous to her normal course, and a year in Hol- den after that course. She is a daughter of Henry Alonzo and Sarah* Augusta (Goodale) Boynton of Spencer, and obtained her education in the public schools of West Boylston and the Bridge water State Normal. From 1900 to 1901 Sara Arnold Browne was a teacher in the Avery School, having taught the previous year in the Mark Hopkins School of North Adams. She is the daughter of Charles Albert and Susan (McCullum) Browne, born in North Adams and educated in the public schools of that city including the State Normal. In the same city she was married to Clifford Campbell Haskins Sept. 18, 1901, and still resided there, Jan. 25, 1904. Celia Norris Burrill in 1900 was appointed Assistant in the Kindergarten and first grade of the Avery School, and so 300 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS continued till Feb. 1903, when she was made Principal of the Kindergarten, and in Jan. 1905 held that position. She never has taught elsewhere. She is the daughter of Charles and Atossa Ellis (Pratt) Burrill of Bridgewater where she was educated in the public schools, Model, High and State Normal. When not teaching her residence is in Bridgewater. Beginning as Assistant in the Avery School, Feb. 1900, William Farwell Howe was elected principal in April, 1901. His previous experience had been in Nashua, N. H., 1894 to '96 ; North Adams Training School, 6 months, 1899, and Granville, 6 months, 1899-1900. He is the son of John Prentis and Olive Wilson (Farwell) Howe of Nashua, N. H. ; graduated from the four years course of the Nashua High School, 1891 ; from the three years course of the North Adams Normal, 1899. At the present time, Jan. 9, 1905, Mr. Howe with eleven assistants is in charge of the Avery School which numbers about 400 pupils. His residence is in Ded- ham ; his P. O. address. East Dedham. In June, 1900, Bertha May Layman took charge of the eighth grade of the Avery School and held the position about three years. She had previous experience as a teacher in Lenox and Montague, and is now teaching in Helena, Montana. She is the daughter of Benham and Julia Ann (Stevens) Lay- man, born in Middletown, New York, educated in the Adams HiHi and the North Adams State Normal School. Her resi- dence Jan. 1904, was Helena, Montana. In Nov. 1900, Bertha Miriam Loheed was elected tempo- rary assistant in the High School "in order that more time should be devoted to the study of English and to the general course." From Oct. 1901, to the present time, March, 1904, she has taught Latin and English literature in the Brockton High School. She is the daughter of William J. and Anna L. Loheed of Springfield, and was educated in the Brockton High School and Smith College, class of 1900. She resides at 24 Newton Street, Brockton. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 301 In 1901-2 the Riverdale School was taught by Florence Keyes Alexander. She had previously some experience as a teacher in Valley Falls, R. I., and since leaving the Riverdale has taught in Boston. She is the daughter of Henry R. and Selma Alexander, born in East Dedham, and educated in the Avery, High and Boston Normal Schools. Her residence is Chauncey Street, East Dedham. In 1901 Miriam Folsom Babbitt took charge of the first grade of the Avery School, and in June, 1902, resigned to take a similar position in the Claflin School of Newton ville. Before teaching in Dedham she had taught two years in the Shirley School of Winthrop. Since Nov. 1903, she has taught in the Pierce School of Brookline. She is the daughter of RoUin Herbert and Florette Adella (Bailey) Babbitt, born in Berkley, Mass., educated in the Taunton High and Bridgewater State Normal Schools. She resides in Newton Centre ; but when not teaching, in Berkley. In June, 1901, Jessie Elizabeth Burton was put in charge of a grade in the Ames School made up of portions of the second and third, but in Sept. 1902, was transferred to the third grade. She had previously taught in Cochituate. The daughter of John Lockhart and Jessie (Hunter) Burton, she was born in Lawrence, educated in Holyoke Public Schools, Hopedale High, Framingham State Normal and the Hyannis Summer School. Jan. 29, 1904, Miss Burton was elected to the third grade of a school in Brookline, and when she is not teaching resides in Newmarket, N. H. During the school year, 1901-2, Mabel Robinson Coombs was Master's Assistant in the Ames School, having previous experience in the Brick School of Colraine, Mass. Leaving the Ames, she taught in 1902-3 as Master's Assistant in the Centre Grammar of Maiden, and in 1903 took the same posi- tion in the Peabody Grammar of Cambridge. She is the daughter of Edwin Wilson and Flora (Barrington) Coombs, born in Shelburne, and educated in the grammar schools of 302 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS that town, the High School of Greenfield and the North Adams State Normal. She resides at 8 Shepard Street, Cambridge, in term time ; her summer address is Bard well's Ferry, Mass. From Feb. 1901, to Jan. 9, 1904, Marion Frances Mad- docks taught the ninth grade of the Avery School, coming to the position after good experience in Enfield High School from Sept. 1899 to June, 1900 ; Norwood, seventh and ninth grades, Everett School, Sept. 1900, to May, 1901. She is the daugh- ter of Fred Herbert and Mary Elizabeth (Hills) Maddocks, of Foxboro, educated in the schools of Foxboro and Hopedale, graduating at the State Normal School in Fraraingham. In June, 1904, she accepted a position in Jersey City, N. J. In October, 1901, Lillian Gertrude Marr was appointed third Assistant in the High School and retains that position at the present time, Jan. 20, 1904. She had previous ex- perience in the Medway High School. She is the daughter of Parker and Lizzie IVIarr, born in Gloucester, educated in its High School and at Boston University. When not teaching her home is in Gloucester. In Sept. 1901, Jennie Allen Orendorff was put in charge of the fifth grade of the Avery School. Her previous ex- perience had been the entire charge of a primary building in Cranston, R. I. In Feb. 1903, she resigned for a position in West Newton. She is the daughter of Joseph Henry and Lucy Ellis (Allen) Orendorff, born in Boxborough, and edu- cated in the Concord High School and the Bridgewater State Normal. Her residence Jan. 1904 was at 1191 Washington Street, West Newton. From October, 1901, to June, 1902, Susan Pennell was Assistant in the first grade of the Oakdale School. She pre- viously had charge for two years of a primary school in Gray, Me. ; and after leaving the Oakdale she taught a year and a half in the Winslow High School, Me. She is the daughter of Charles Thayer and Emma Weston (Hunt) Pennell, born in Gray, and educated in the Pennell Institute of her native town OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 303 and at the Boston University. June 30, 1903, she was married in Gray, Me., to Guy W. Chipraan, A. B., and at the present date, Feb. 6, 1904, resides in Winslow, Me. In Oct. 1901, Herbert Leslie Rand was elected Master of the Ames School. He was an experienced teacher : had taught in the common schools of Me., seventy-two weeks; had been principal of the Webster Grammar School, Auburn, Me., one year ; of the Washington, Melrose, three years, and had taught in the Maiden Evening School from 1898 to 1901. He is the son of Edwin and Susan Cynthia (Bessey) Rand, of Unity, Me. The Central Institute at Pittsfield and the State Normal at Castine, were attended by him ; and in 1897 he graduated at the Bridge water State Normal, the four years course. He was married, Dec. 26, 1899, to Bessie James Holmes of Fall River, and resides in Dedham. He was manager of the Win- dermere Summer Camp, Lake Winnecook, Unity, Me., 1903, and was the President of the Castine Normal Alumni Associa- tion of Boston, Jan. 1904. Mr. Rand resigned in Jan. 1905, to accept a mastership in Maiden. In Nov. 1901, Alice Adele Todd was elected as teacher of Stenography and Type-writing in the High School. She had before taught in the Somerville English High. She is the daughter of Frank and Charlotte Adele Todd, born in Charles- town, educated in the Girls' Latin School, Boston, and Smith College. The course of study, which Miss Todd was teaching, is optional and to be completed in two years. Those who excel in it may be sure of profitable and constant employment. Miss Todd resigned in June, 1904, to accept a position in Sanford, Maine. Laura Clarke Brooks, from 1902 till June, 1904, was a teacher of the first grade in the Avery School. She had pre- viously taught a year in Cliftondale. She is the daughter of Joseph Watson and Jennie (Clarke) Brooks, born in St. Mary, N. S., and educated in the Grammar, High and State 304 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Normal Schools of Salem. In June, 1904, Miss Brooks ac- cepted a similar grade position in the city of Newton. Harriet Barstowe Capron was appointed teacher of the second grade of the Avery School, April 7, 1902. Her pre- vious experience was in the Brayton, Johnson and Houghton Schools of North Adams. She is the dau2:hter of Clement Lament and Sarah Jane (Halse) Capron, born in North Adams, where she was educated in the Grammar, High and State Normal Schools. Her services in the Avery were still retained, and she resided in Dedliam, Jan. 20, 1904. In 1902 Blanche Genevieve Fuller became the teacher of the sixth grade of the Avery School, and on June 20 was transferred to the seventh. She had previously taught in Attleboro, the Sanford Street School, 1900-1 ; the Richard- son, 1901-2. She is the daughter of Alfonso Tisdale and Ruth Augusta (Stearns) Fuller, born in Mansfield, educated in the High School, full course, and in the Bridgewater State Nor- mal. In June, 1904, Miss Fuller accepted a ninth grade posi- tion in Newton. In April, 1902, Mary Frances Gould was appointed sixth assistant in the High School. Her previous experience had been as pupil teacher in the Chelsea High, 189*5-7, and as assistant in the Beverly High from Sept., 1900, to May, 1902. She is the daughter of George Willis and Harriet (Clark) Gould ; born in Chelsea ; educated in Chelsea High School, and Radcliffe College, A. B. 1900. When not teaching she resides in Everett, Mass. September 8, 1902, Edith Austin Holton was put in charge of the new fifth grade of the Oakdale School. She had pre- vious experience in the Richardson School of Attleboro. She is the daughter of Seba Austin and Grace Lawrence (Pierce) Holton, of Way land, and completed her education for teaching in the Bridgewater State Normal School. In June, 1904, Miss Holton resigned to become a student in Boston University. September 8, 1902, Louise Russell Livermore was put in OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 305 charge of the Riverdale School ; in 1903 she was transferred to the Quincy. She is the daughter of Edward and Caroline Russell Livermore, born in Watertown and educated in its High School, and in the Franiingham Normal. Before coming to Dedham she taught six months in Rutland, Massachusetts. In June, 1904, Miss Livermore accepted a position in Wey- mouth, Mass. Dec. 1, 1902, Bessie Mae Pooler was elected to have charge of the second and third grades of the Ames School. She had previously taught in Ashland and North Grafton. She is the daughter of Sumner Weston and Cora Mae (White) Pooler; born in South Framingham ; educated in the schools of Framingham, including the primary, grammar. High, and State Normal. She is a resident of Dedham. Sarah Elizabeth Smith was placed in charge of the Endi- cott School, Sept. 8, 1902 ; later of the Riverdale. She is the daughter of William Elijah and Sarah Elizabeth Smith, born in Amherst, and educated in the Amherst schools, and the Westfield State Normal. Before coming to Dedham she had taught three years in Grafton. June 24, 1904, she Avas trans- ferred to the Oakdale, second grade. The sixth grade of the Avery School was in charge of Bessie J. Welch, 1902-3; but June 23, 1903, she was elected to a like position in the Salem Model School. In 1903 Martha Mabelle Ames was appointed assistant in the High School. She is the daughter of Mrs. Abbie (Scates) Ames, born in Rutland, Illinois, educated at a High School for Wellesley College, and graduated A. B. 1900 ; at Radcliffe College, A. M. 1902. When not teaching, her home is at 24 Holmes Avenue, Brookline, Mass. The assistant teacher of the Avery Kindergarten, 1903-4, and later transferred to the Ames, was Maud Bennett, the daughter of Samuel Robert and Hannah Adams (Ryder) Ben- nett of New Bedford. She received her education in the New Bedford public schools, supplemented by a course in Miss 306 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHEKS Lucy Wheelock's Kindergarten Training School, Boston. In 1902-3 Miss Bennett taught a year in Miss Bonney's Private School, New Bedford. Her residence is 8 Marbury Terrace, Jamaica Plain. In September, 1903, Alton Clifford Churbuck began as Master of the Oakdale School in a new and most elegant school edifice in the midst of very beautiful grounds. He had pre- viously taught three years in Cotuit, Mass., and two in Auburn, R. I. He is the son of Henry Swift and Elizabeth Wideman (Tripp) Churbuck, born in Bridge water, and educated in her public schools and the State Normal School. Sept. 1, 1903, at Cotuit, he was married to Florrie Chatfield, and resided at 38 Oakdale Avenue, East Dedham. From January to June, 1903, Ruth Burleigh Dame was a teacher in the Ames School, having previously taught a private school in Medford. Since leaving Dedham she has taught in the High School of Lexington, and is now, June, 1904, teach- ing in the High School of Medford. She is the daughter of Loren Low and Nancy Isabel (Arnold) Dame, born in Med- ford, and educated in its public schools, and still resides in her native town. In September, 1903, Jennibelle Calef Dennett took charge of the seventh grade of the Avery School. She is of Ames- bury, the daughter of Moses Morrill and Jennie Mary (East- man) Dennett, trained in the public schools of her native town and the Salem Normal. When not teaching her residence is in Amesbury. Since Nov. 1, 1903, Isabel Rich Drew has been a teacher in the Ames School, sixth grade. She had previously taught a year and a half in Roseland, New Jersey, and a year and two months in Sharon, as principal of a school of four grades. She is the daughter of John Henry and Louise (Lancaster) Drew, born in Farmingdale, Maine ; educated in the High School of Gardiner, Me., Jamaica Plain High School, and Mount Hol- yoke College. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 307 Blanche Elizabeth Hellyar was elected sixth assistant in the High School, 1903. She is the daughter of Samuel Henry and Lizzie Georgiana (Blanchard) Hellyar, born in Palmer ^ educated in the schools of that town and Mount Holyoke Col- lege. In June, 1904, she accepted a position as teacher in Adams. In 1903 Irene Colgate Hunter Hines was elected fifth assistant in the High School. She is the daughter of Thomas Colgate and Sophia Carolina Hines, born on a plantation in Nansemond Co., Virginia; educated at Norfolk College, Va., Vassar College, and in Paris, France. When not teaching, she lives in Northampton, Mass. September 8, 1903, Alice Elizabeth Joyce began to teach the sixth grade of the Avery School. She is a native of South Walpole, the daughter of Edward Francis and Mary Alice (Morrissey) Joyce, educated in the Framingham Normal Practice School, High School, and State Normal School, When not teaching, her home is in Framingham. Lillian Munson began to teach the fifth grade of the Avery School in 1903. The previous year she had taught in Green- field. She is a native of Great Barrington, and the daughter of George Gilbert and Jennie (McNight) Munson. Her edu- cation was obtained in the Pittsfield public schools, grammar and High, and the State Normal School at North Adams. When not teaching, her residence is Springfield, Mass. Instruction in kindergarten was given in the Avery and Ames Schools, 1903 and 1904, by Mary Elizabeth Lynch, who had previous experience in the town of Warren. She is a native of Boston, the daughter of Thomas Henry and Margaret Lynch, and the Boston public schools supplied her education. Her residence is at 24 Dunmore Street, Roxbury. Feb. 9, 1903, Ethel Rinn took charge of the fifth grade of the Ames School, and was later transferred to the ninth, having previously taught in the Adams School of Quincy. She is the daughter of Louis and Harriet Freeman (Warren) 308 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS Rinn ; born in Atlantic, Mass ; educated in the Quincy School, Atlantic, the Woodward Institute, Quincy and the Hyannis State Normal School. Mrs. Annie Louisa Albee began to teach as Seventh Assis- tant in the High School, Sept. 1904, after some experience in Brookfield, Somerville English High and Evening Schools, and the Weymouth High and Chandler Normal Schools. She is the daughter of Charles Albert and Mary (Bemis) Rhodes, born in Brookfield, and educated in the Brookfield and Somer- ville High Schools, also by private tuition and a short course in the Metropolitan University. She was for a time private secretary to Mr. George A. Southworth, Supt. of Somerville schools, doing work on books he was making, also did similar work for Mr. J. Avery of Somerville. She was married May 12, 1884, to Fred Lewis Albee at Brookfield ; resides when not teaching at 51 Putnam Street, Somerville ; when in Ded- ham, at 61 D wight Street. Gertrude Edna Billings took charge of the kindergarten work in the Avery School, Sept. 1904, having held the same position two years in Greenfield. She is the daughter of CharlesWesley and Abbie Olivia Billings, born in North Adams, educated in the Drury High School and the State Normal of her native town. She resides at present, Oct. 1904, at 38 Oakdale Avenue, E. Dedham. Henrietta Frances Elizabeth Byam was added to the corps of Oakdale teachers in Sept. 1904, having taught in Quincy, from Sept. 1903 till the following June. She is the daugh- ter of Warren Stilman and Mary Ellen Byam of Carlisle, and was educated in the schools of Carlisle, Duxbury, Chelmsford, the High school of Milford, N. H. and the Bridgewater State Normal. Her present residence is at 150 Cedar Street, East Dedham ; home address, Milford, N. H. Adella Roxana Goodrich began to teach in the Quincy School Sept. 1904, having been for three years Principal of the Training School, and Teacher of Methods in the State Nor- OF DEDHAM. MASSACHUSETTS 309 mal of Eandolph, Vt., and previously five years a teacher in Everett, and several years in Nashua, N. H. She is the daughter of Levi W. and Martha R. Goodrich, born in Nashua, N. H., and educated in the public schools of that city, the State Normal of N. H., a special course in the Bridgewater Normal, and other special courses in physical and vocal cul- ture. She resides at 38 Oakdale Avenue, East Dedham ; home address, 7 Court Street, Nashua, N. H. Marion Chester Goward was elected an assistant in the Ames School Sept. 1905, and commenced her duties in Oct. having previously taught in Kingston and Attleboro. She is the daughter of Willard Kimball and Harriet (King) Goward, born in Bridgewater, and educated in the schools of North Easton and the Bridgewater State Normal. When not in Ded- ham her residence is North Easton, Mass. As a special teacher and Superintendent of Penmanship in the Dedham schools, the first emploj^ed was John L. Howard, who began his work in Sept. 1904, after much experience in Brattleboro and Bellows Falls, Vt., D. L. Moody's Schools, and in Lynn, Nahant, Winchester and Maiden. While serv- ing Dedham he is Supervisor of Penmanship in Maiden and Winchester. Teachers' Institutes and summer schools have em- ployed his services. He is the son of Amos and Laura (Boynton) Howard, born in Jamaica, Vt., and was a student in Leland and Gray's Seminary, Hinman's Business College, and Zanerian Art College. He also enjoyed the instructions of C. R. Wells, D. H. Farley and W. H. Kibbe. He married Oct. 18, 1885, Jennie May Byard, at South Londonderry, Vt. At this time, Oct. 1904, his residence is at 209 Main Street, Maiden. Winifred Eva Howe began to teach in the High School Sept 6, 1904, having previously taught in Bald win ville two terms, 1901-2, and in Natick High School from April, 1902, till July, 1904. She is the daughter of William Richards and Ethelyn Estella (Brigham) Howe, born in Norwich, Conn., 310 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS and educated in the public schools and Free Academy of that <;ity, class of 1895 ; also receiving the degree of A. B. from the College of Liberal Arts, Boston University, 1901. Her home residence, Holden ; Dedham address, 34 School Street. May Christine O'Brien began to teach in the Riverdale School, Sept., 1904. She is a native of Ashland, daughter of James and Ellen (Sullivan) O'Brien, and was educated in the public schools of her native town and the Framingham State Normal. She had experience as a teacher in Ashland, eighth and ninth grade work; also in HoUiston, sixth grade. Her residence, Oct., 1904, was at 150 Cedar Street, East Dedham. Alice Maude Otis took charge of the fifth grade in the Ames School, Sept., 1904. She had formerly taught in Rochester, N. H., and Amesbury, Mass. She is the daughter of and Clara J. Otis of Rochester, N. H., wiiere she attended the })ublic schools and later the Plymouth, N. H., Training School, followed by the Framingham State Normal. She resides at 3(3 Willow Street, Dedham. Lucie Maria Ware became a teacher of the first grade in the Avery School, Sept., 1904, having previously taught in Natick. She is the daughter of Palmer and Maria F. (Wil- cox) Ware, born in Sherburne, and educated in Arms Academy and the State Normal School at North Adams. Her residence, Oct. 1904, w^as at 38 Oakdale Avenue, East Dedham. In Sept., 1904, Irma Ethyl Wing began to teach in the Avery School after a year's experience in the Cranch School of Quincy, 1903-4. She is the daughter of William (Jlarke and Elizabeth Wing, born in Fitchburg, educated in the Nan- tucket High and the Bridge water State Normal Schools. She resided, Oct., 1904, on Humboldt Avenue, Boston. Herbert Lee Sackett entered upon his duties as assistant teacher in the High School, November, 1904. He is the son of Irving W. and Maria A. Sackett, born at Smith's Mills, Chautauqua Co., N. Y., educated in the High School of For- OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 311 restville, N. Y., State Normal of Fredonia, N. Y., and Brown University. The master of the South School of South Dedham, 1856-7, was George Wesley Mason. Later he taught in Georgia, E. Bethel and Brandon (Price Sem.), Vt. ; Franklin, Needham, and as principal of the High School of Stoneham, Mass. ; Hamilton and Attica (Union School), N. Y. He was born in Medfield, March 26, 1838, the son of George S. and Ellen B. Nason, educated at Madison University, Class of 1864 : Degrees A. B. and A. M. In 1864 he married Marriette Scran ton of Covington, N. Y. For the last thirty years he has been editor and publisher, and in general insurance and brokerage. He resides at 125 No. Norwood Avenue, Buffalo, New York. It has been our intention to confine our j^ersonoJ records strictly to the Teachers of Dedham : but we think it is proper to make one exception and include the present Superintendent, who has labored much as a 7nodel teacher and with excellent results during the last twelve years. Roderick Whittelsey Hine entered upon his duties as superintendent of the Dedham schools in August, 1893. As a preparation for his work he had devoted nine years to school instruction ; was Master of a grammar school in Norwich, Conn ; and principal of High Schools in Waterbury and West Hartford, Conn. He is the son of Orlo Daniel and Ellen Whittelsey Hine ; born in Lebanon, Conn., and- educated at Williston Seminary, East- hampton, Mass., and at Yale College, graduating in the class of 1884. He was married Nov. 23, 1888, to Mary A. Kirk- ham, at Newington, Conn., and since 1893 has resided in Dedham. The present condition of the schools in this town is ample proof of his professional ability. His valuable assist- ance in furnishing materials for this record is hereby gratefully acknowledged. 312 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS The Present Condition of the Dedham Schools. In the foregoing pages we have seen how the schools of Dedham originated, and chiefly by means of their personnel, we have traced their growth for two hundred and sixty years. Let us now take a rapid survey of their present condition. Such a view may not be of special interest to those citi- zens of Dedham who give them their patronage and fostering care, and consequently are familiar with their beneficent work ; but we trust it will gratify the desire of some to see the final product of this long period of almost silent evolution. But, before making this survey, it may be well to recall the fact, that the original Dedham for which the school of 1644 was established embraced territory which is now distributed among eighteen different towns, and on this territory there are at the present time not less than a hundred public and private schools, which employ over four hundred teachers. These eighteen towns are Belli ngham, Dedham, Dover, Franklin, Foxborough, Hyde Park in part, Medfield, Millis, Natick, Needham, Nor- folk, Norwood, Sherborn in part, Walpole, Wellesley, West- wood, and Wrentham. An inventory of Dedham's school property need not wound the pride of any citizen. It will be remembered that her first schoolhouse, built near the meeting house in 1649 by John Thurston, cost eleven pounds and three pence, so that less than sixty dollars was all the money then invested in school accommodations. In 1904 the value of Dedham's school investment is given in the town book as $276,275. An inspection of the large and convenient school rooms, excellent furnishings, some of them even elegant, the abundant supplies of books and everything else necessary for effective school work causes a person of advanced years to question whether he was not born in the wrong half of the nineteenth century. In the most costly of our school edifices the outlook from all the rooms is so delightful that it is said every OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 313 one of the lady teachers congratulates herself on having the pleasantest room in the building. The first schoolmaster in Dedham was one who, as a member of Clare Hall, Cambridge University, England, had received the degree of Master of Arts. His salary was 20£ or one hundred dollars per annum, by vote of the town ; during the year ending February 1st, 1904, the amount paid for salaries of Dedham teachers was over $35,000, a case of expansion of which no one need be ashamed. In the present town of Dedham, which, as I have in- timated, occupies only a small fraction of the area of the original town, there were seven schools with a total enroll- ment of 1592 pupils on the last day of December, 1904. Of this number twenty-five attending the High School came from three other towns. This enrollment includes the three Kinder- gartens which are hardly to be considered as part of the graded school course, because the training in them is not required as a preparation for entering the primary class, or first grade of the grammar school. The Kindergartens, when in session, occupy the time of six teachers and enroll ninety-five children from three and a half to five years of age, with an average attendance of seventy-five. An inspection of these schools reveals their utility as gateways to the noble edifice of public school instruc- tion. They are most effective as civilizers, places where children, too young to study and coming from all sorts of families, may become accustomed to behave with propriety, may gain much practical use of their hands and eyes, and may learn to exercise their taste and their conscience. For these three Kindergartens belonging to the Ames, Avery and Oakdale the town expends about $2500 annually. Those who have charge of them deserve great praise for their patience, skill and ingenuity in keeping their classes employed and interested so many hours day after day in exercises and games designed to improve and refine their infantile character. No teachers in our public schools work more diligently or 314 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS expend more enthusiasm and nerve force than the Kindergart- ners. It is well that they have the rare satisfaction oi knowing that the impressions they make on the plastic natures under their care will be permanent and precious. For the primary and grammar schools, including every- thing between the Kindergarten and the High, a nine years course of training and study is in full operation in the Ames, Avery and Oakdale. The Quincy has a four years course from which children pass on to the Avery. From the Dexter the pupils enter the sixth grade of the Ames, and from the River- dale, the eighth grade of the same school. This system is well established and made effective by an excellent corps of teachers and the assiduous care of the Superintendent. This course of nine years may seem to some a long preparation for secondary, or High School instruction ; but it should be remembered that only a few children are mature enough to enter profitably upon the proper work of the High School before the age of fourteen years. Besides, it is always possible for a pupil of marked ability to obtain promotion, so as to reach the tenth, or High School grade, at an earlier age. As the work of the elementary schools is now arranged, the pupil can enter the High School with a good knowledge of Music and Drawing, a good beginning in Algebra and Latin, some acquaintance with good literature, and with his love of nature and habits of observing her works duly cultivated. The importance of these qualifications it is quite needless to discuss. But, while the studies are thus broadened by exercises to im- prove the taste and open the eye to the beauties of the universe, the fundamental studies are taught as fully as pupils of that age are capable of instruction. So that, if any are obliged to shorten their school course, they will have gained as much use- ful learning as their years made it possible to acquire. In- deed they will be better educated than they would have been by devoting all their school days to the acquisition of the three utilitarian r's with grammar and geography added. OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 315 The High School enroHment is one hundred ninety-nine ; one hundred sixty-six from Dedham, nineteen from Westwood, five from Medfield and one from Dover. The school is in- structed by eight regular teachers, music and drawing are in charge of two special teachers. Four courses of study have been arranged, each of four years. The College Course is shaped to meet the requirements of Yale and Harvard Universities ; and students who complete it are expected to be able to enter those institutions by examina- tion ; at other New England colleges they will be received on certificate. The Institute Course meets the demands of the Massa- chusetts Institute of Technology and the Cambridge Scientific School, and prepares the student to pass examination for those schools or any other institutions of like character. The General Course prepares for the Normal Schools of any state, for the requirements of cultivated homes and the responsible duties of good citizenship. A Commercial Course including penmanship, corre- spondence, bookkeeping, type-writing, stenography and other specialties relating to mercantile affairs will serve the purpose of the Commercial College, or at least prepare students to do more effective work in such an institution. The adequacy of these courses in the hands of capable teachers and in behalf of well prepared and diligent students has been abundantly proved year after year. The system is complete, carefully adjusted to the wants of the community and in perfect harmony with the most advanced ideas of public education. Having indulged in this general review of the Dedham schools, it would be a pleasant duty to speak particularly of all the fifty-four teachers who are carrying forward this work of training youthful Dedham for its near and remote future. But the more I inspected their excellent performance, the more diflScult it seemed to speak of individuals. So far as I could 316 THE SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS observe, they were all faithful, intelligent, enthusiastic ; work- ing with a common purpose and clearly discerning the end to be attained, namely, a thorough preparation of their pupils for their next step in the process of learning and living. By their combined efforts the admirable system wrought out by the Superintendent of the Dedham Schools is made effective ; and no young person of the present generation ought to be found deficient in his qualification for good citizenship. On the whole, it is evident that the town, which was the first to establish and support a public free school by direct taxation, has not faltered in its voluntary efforts to place a good educa- tion within the reach of all her sons and daughters. INDEX OF SUBJECTS. Accidence, Ladies', 62. Accidence, Latin, 13. Advanced Studies of Winter Schools, 95. Alabama, the Destroyer of, 116. Apportionment of School Money in 1780, 77. Apportionment of School Money m 1792, 88. Arithmetics, Ley burn's and Hol- der's, 37. Avery's Donation, 26. B Book-keeping, Oldcastle's, 38. Boys as Footstools, 97. Boys' School Work, 78, 79. Chimney "nine foots between jams." 33. Civil War's Effects, 218. Colburn Family Group, 87. Cost of First Schoolhouse, 11. Courses of Study in High School, 314. Covenants with Michael Metcalf, 16, 19, 20. D Dedham Before Settlement, 5. District School Established by Law, 85. District System Beginning, 59, 61. Donation of Robert Avery, 49. Donation of Dea. Kingsbury, 55. Enrollment of Schools in 1904. Farm, School, Attempts to Ke- cover, 51. Feoffees, Names of, 7. Fools Caps, 118. Founders' Forethought, 5. Free School First Mentioned, 6. Free School Established, 1644, 7. Gale of September, 105. Geography in Dedham Schools,70. Glass of Meeting House Broken, 14. Glass, Quarrels of, 24. Grammar, English, 127. Grammar Schools Taught in Five Schoolhouses, 56. H High School Established, 185,186. Hours of School, 38. I Influence of Dedham's Experi- ment, 9. J Job's Island, Name of, 71. K Kindergartens, 313. L Latin Books, 38. Love Letters, 108. Lowest Wages, 97. M Military Drill, 218. Money From the Fifty Thousand Loan, 49. Money, School, Loaned, 55. Money Proportioned. 61. Mr., Significance of, 6. N Needle Work in Early Schools, 78. New Plan of Taxing Proposed,28. New Schoolhouse to be Built, 32, 33. O Outline Maps, 171. P Penmanship a Hundred Years Ago, 77. 318 INDEX OF SUBJECTS Presentment of the Town for Want of a Grammar School, 31. Proportion of School in Pre- cincts, 57. Punishments, Severity of, 111. Quarrells of Glass, 24. R Kate Made Every Six Months, 14. Beading Books, 37. Records of Feoffees Lost, 8. Rewards, 112. Robert Record's Arithmetic, 16. Salary When First Paid Wholly in Money, 34. Scarcity of Teachers, 12. School Districts of 1789, 86. School Farm Laid Out, 34. School house of 1752, 69. Schoolhouse of 1801, 92. Schoolhouse Resolved to be Built and Specifications for, 10. Schoolhouse, Second, 3.3. School Becomes Migratory, 45. Scripture Animals, Book On,83. Selectmen Given Charge of School, 12. Seven Years Appropriation, 11. Snibills, 41. Specie Payment Attempted, 24. Spelling Book, the Oldest, 37. Spelling Not Much Taught in Early Schools, 17. Spelling Schools, 91. Statute. First Relating to Schools, 9. Summer Schools, 64. Sunday School, the First in Ded- ham, 94. Teachers of Liberal Education, 35. Telegrams of Special Interest, 238. Tenor. Old, Middle and New, 57. Text Books of Early Schools, 36. Town Pay, Merchantable, 13. Towns Formerlv Included in Dedham, 312. Training Ground Partly Granted to Feoffees, 7. Vote to Raise School Money on Persons and Estates, 32. INDEX OF TEACHERS Abbott, Florence K. 282 Abrahams, Mrs. Annie E. 273 Adams, Charles F. 245 Edwin S. 142 George W. 90 Henrietta, 241 John W. 95 Julia, 109 Lucia E. 121 Mary L. 241 Mrs. Robert, 146 Seth, 51 Albee, Mrs. Annie L. 308 Obadiah W. 125 Alden, Elizabeth, 108 Joseph, 119 Lucinda, 104 Mary A. 2.S6 Rebecca, 109 Sarah J. 202 Aldrich, Charles, 134 Alexander, Florence K. 301 Alger, Edna F. 289 Lizzie S. 253 Roland F. 222 Allen, Catherine H. 123 Harriet, 20^3 Harvey, 1,57 Hezekiah 74 Louisa, 131 Lucy E. 252 Lucv M. 150 Mrs.MeIzarW.221 Phineas, 194 Alleyne, Sarah H. B. 104 Ames, Martha M. 305 Dr. Nathaniel, 68 Nathaniel, 122 Seth, 70, 71 Andrews, Mrs.Israel W . 249 Armington, Joseph W. 236 Armsby, Daniel, 99 Nathan, 93 Atwood, David, 172 Horace T. 247 Avery, Sarah, 83 B Babbitt, Miriam F. 301 Babcock, Mrs.HamanC.267 Henry H. 194 Mrs. Lemuel, 97 Bacon, Benjamin, 60 Ebenezer, 61 Fanny. 100 John W. 156 Baker, Mrs. Aaron 100 Abby L. 227 Abigail, 94 136 Alpheus, 93 Anna, 77 Betsey, 148 Celia, 63. 97 Daniel, 42 Mrs. David A. 133 Deborah, 63, 82 Deborah E. 120 Emily, 121 Fanny, 105 Frances M. 160 Mrs. Fred A. 271 Mrs. Fred' k.L 255 Mrs. James B. 222 Jane, 187 Mrs.Jeremiah,l04 Mrs. John C. 209 Maria, 169 Martha G. 222 Mary, 129 Nancy C. Mrs. Obed, 216 94 'Baker— Continued, Polly, 63 Sally, 96 Sarah, 136 Sarah B. 269 Sophia P. 125 Balch, Benjamin, 68 Elizabeth, 68 Frank A. 273 Mary, 69, 70 Ballantine, William G. 74 Barden, Ellen A 259 Barker, Ellen E. 299 Barnes, Mrs. GeorgeD. 2.53 Barrett. Mrs. Nathan, 123 Barrows, Mrs. Chas, E. 204 Milton, 119 Barton, Annie J. 233 Bascom, Janette, 218 Bass, Benjamin, 45 Bassett, Carrie M. 264 Bates, David, 96 Ellen, 225 William, 152 Winifred E. 279 Battelle, Ebenezer, Jr. 73 Frank, 106 Nathaniel, 77 Thomas, 25, 26, 31 Battle, Shiah, 102 Beaumont. Helen M. 220 Myra A. 219 Beck, Mrs. Fred'k, 104 Beckwith, Terziah M. 170 320 INDEX OF TEACHERS Belcher, Joseph, 46, 47 Martha, 182 Bennett, Maud, 305 Samuel, 146 Benson, Mrs. Albion, 199 Bent Mrs. Edw. D. 149 Mrs. Samuel 169 Berry, Mabel G. 294 BiCKFORD, Mrs.MartinL. 153 BiGELOW, Abigail, 103 Augusta, 135 Mrs. Edgar L. 230 Billings. Adelaide E. 285 Flora E. 279 Florence A. 223 Gertrude £. 308 Mrs. John C. 285 Mrs. Lewis G. 206 Myra D. 286 Binney, Mrs. Amos, 153 Bird, Francis W. 123 Mrs. Frank R. 245 George, Jr. 116 Mrs. Geo. Jr. 116 BiSPHAM, Miss, 168 Blake, Drayton, 117 Mrs. Frank W. 237 Samuel, 42, 43 Blanchard, Silas M. 156 Mrs.Willis H, 278 Blodget, Mrs. William, 254 BONFILS, Mrs.S.Francis,104 BONNEY, Isadora, 212 Mary B. 279 Sarah R. 197 Bourne, Thomas R. 134 Boutelle, Mr. J. A. 137 Mrs.NewtonC.197 Bowman, Jonathan, 60 Boyd, Mrs. Leonard, 235 BOYDEN, Mrs. Adin S. 155 Annie L. 242 Mrs.E.Munroe,234 Elbridge P. 200 Mrs.ElbridgeP.201 Helen M. 184 Mary E. 201 BOYNTON, Almira, Florence C. Brackett. Anthony, Bradeen, Mr. E. A. Bradford, Perez, Bradley, Sarah D. Bray, Maud J. Brazee. Harriet E. Breck or Brick. Mr. Bridenno, Susannah, Bridgham, James, Briggs, Charles E. Brigham, Abner, Cephas. Elmer, Broad, Lucy S. Brock, John, Brooks, Edward, Laura C. Maria A. Brown, Erastus, 1.32 299 136 132 44,45 139 288 279 63,64 49 188 119 192 113 130 12 62,63 303 209 206 Mrs.James E. 244 Jeremiah, Lucy A. Browne, Sara A. Bryant, Oliver F. Buck, Mrs. S. B. 163 200 299 208 276 BULLARD, Abigail 102 Ann E. 179 Daniel S. 105 Mrs. John E. 176 Mary, 92 Mary A. 192 Rebecca, 182 Seth, 69 BURDETT, J. Horace, 269 Burgess. Mrs.Eben'rP.177 BiJRRAGE, Mrs. John, Jr. 104 BURRILL, Celia N. 299 Burroughs, 3 eremiah, 24, 25 Burton. Jessie E. 301 Butler, ^ Lynden T. 180 Went worth S. 188 BUTTERFIELD, Georgiana, 145 By AM, HenrietteF.E.308 Byram, Harriet, 288 C Calder, Edna F. Lucy A. Caldwell, Josiah, Callender, Elisha, Campbell, Mrs.Chas.F.F.278 229 212 107 42 D. Frances Canning, Helen M. Capen, A. Dea. Abram, Charles J. Jeremiah Rodney B. Capron, Harriet B. Carnes, John, Carpenter, Annie G. Miss S. A, 286 271 110 90 162 108 238 304 52,53 277 226 INDEX OF TEACHERS 321 Carroll, Carrie A. 266 Charles W. 203 Julius, 166 Carter, Joseph W. P. 199 Chamberlain, Nancy M. 201 Nathan H. 189 Chandler, Mrs. E. M. S. 258 CH ANN ELL, GuyC. 265 Chapin, Benjamin, 70 Seth. 105 Chapman, Sarah M. 206 Chase, Mrs. David N . 154 Mrs.Jonathan,172 Chellis. Mary D. 168 Cheney, Lydia, 66, 67 Sarah E. 237 Chickering, Daniel, Jr. 76 Mrs. Dean, 110 Jabez, 74, 75 Jabez, Jr. 93 Mrs. John, 74 Lncy E. 127 Child, Caleb, 79 Lovell, 133 Chipman, Mrs. Guy W 303 Churbuck, Alton C. 306 Clapp, Elbridge, 161 Clark, Mrs. Champion, 152 Elizabeth, 131 Isabel E. 280 Jacob, 138 Jonas, 58 Justin W. 103 Lydia, Martha, 81 129 Phillips, 92 Sarah S. 131 Mrs. Solomon, 135 Clarke, Caroline B. 169 George E. 158 Cleveland, William, 132 Cobb, Bertha V. 290 Coffin, Sarah E. 138 COLBURN, Abigail, 137 Bertha, 62 Caroline B. 175 Celia A. 153 Mrs. Ellis, 97 Harriet E. 137,247 Helen S. 238 Isaac. 87 Lucy A. 269 Mary. 140 Mrs. Mary, 63 Sarah J. 218 Mrs. Seth, 136 William W. 200 COLCORD, John, 140 Cole, Mrs. Henry, 296 Samuel W. 269 Collins, Mrs. John A. 133 Comey, Chester H. 207 Vodisa, 228 COMINS, Anna V. 280 CONLAND, ButellaE. L. 292 Cook, Mrs.McLaurenF.175 Coombs, Mabel R. 301 CORDEIRO, Mrs.JoaquinB.150 CORMERAIS, Mary E. 273 COTTING, John R. 102 Cotton, Martha I, 169 Mary E. 175 Countryman, Mrs. Calvin, 272 COVELL, Mrs. Warren, 136 COWLES, Edward, 211 Cox, Edward J. 260 Frances E. 219 Henrietta C. 214 Cox— Continued. Sallie B. 215 Sarah C. 139 Craft, Jonathan, 66 Cram, Mrs. Sarah P. 176 Cranch, Mrs.Eliz'beth,103 Crane, Abbie T. 219 Mrs.Eben'r P. 131 Jonathan, 68 Martha C. 256 Zeruiah, 66 Crehore. Augusta, 191 Ellen H. 190 Crocker, Abby F. 199 Henry E. 248 Winthrop N. 286 Crombie, Franklin, 124 Crosby, Joseph, 76 Crummett, Mrs. Chas. H 211 Currier, Horace H. 223 Mr. S. E. D. 200 Curtis, Annie E. 254 Clara A. 242 Dolly F. 107 Elmer L. 273 Mrs.Elmer I .. 269 Elsie H. 238 Mabel G. 280 Gushing, Mary P. 288 Cutler, Manasseh, 71 Mrs.Manasseh, 70 D Daggett, Gardner, 96 Dame, Henry, 217 Ruth B. 306 Damon, George, 60, 61 Rebecca, 109 Damrell, Mrs.LuciusM.S.187 322 INDEX OF TEACHERS Dana, Hattie A. 234 James, 59 Joanna, 155 John J. 203 Nancy, 104 Darling, Marion N. 294 Davenport, 119 Mrs. Edw. W. 164 Davis, Martha M. 192 Mrs.ReubenP.l75 Mrs.WoodhullW.262 Dean, Abigail E. 99 Anna M. 253 Deborah, 103 Francis 87 Mrs, John, 70 Dr. Josiah, 65 Lyman W. 134 Mary, 110 Marv A. 206 Paul, 89 DeFonteney, Garcelon, 193 Delano, Maria T. 243 Dennett, Jennibelle C. 306 Dickerman, Juliette, 198 Dillingham, Miss S. P. 227 DiMAN, Elizabeth G. 292 Dingee, Mrs. William W. 183 Dodge, Timothy P. 142 DOGGETT, Mr. 196 DOOLITTLE, Mrs. Alvin B. 99 Dorr. Horatio, 126 DORRANCE, James B. 97, 98 Douglas, William, 84 DOWD, Elizabeth F. 262 Dranga, WilhelminaN.278 Draper, EI.J.IS— Continued. Abigail, 90 Caleb, 85 Abijah, 88 (Jalvin, 93 Alice E. 271 Calvin F. 122 Amanda, 135 Colburn, 104 Augusta, 135 Eliza N. 116 Mrs. Chas. E. 222 Elizabeth H. 149 Daniel F. 154 Enoch, 69 Fannie E. 255 Fanny, 63 Ichabod, 80 George, 82 Ira, 86 Mrs. George, 82 James, 61 Ichabod, 74 Jesse, 88 Mrs. Ichabod . 71 Joseph R. 189 Jesse, 70,81,82,109 Mrs.JosephR 164 Mrs. Joel, 114 Philip, 75, 76 Joseph, 21, 22 Sarah, 70 Joshua, 63 Drew, Julia A. 230 Mrs.Fred'kP. 295 Lucy R. 228 Isabel R. 306 Mary, 110 Drugan, Mehetabel, 67 Sarah E. 265 Merrill D. 125 Dudley, Mrs.MerrillD. 133 Emma G. 274 Olive, 85 Dunbar, Persilla, 64 Elijah, 87 Rebecca, 63 DUNLOP, Rebecca N. 132 Mary A. 182 Richard, 95 DUPEE, Mrs. Richard , 99 Mr. 114 Sarah Ann, 196 DURGIN, SarahArnold, 237 Charles, 139 Willard, 97 DUSTIN, Emerson, Josephine A. 267 Mary, 147 DUTTON, Emery, Samuel S. 148 Mrs. Nancy, 106 DWIGHT, Endicott, Cornelia S. 63 Mrs. John, 132 Daniel, 47,48,49,53 Essex, Albert H. 214 E Estey, Easty, Willard F. 227 Sarah, 64 EVELETH, Eaton, Emily A. 172 Charlotte E. 245 Everett, Mrs.John,Jr. 222 Abbie L. W. 228 Edwards, Irene F. 114 Alexander, 142 James B. 186 Eliot, Joseph M. 179 John, 30 Mary C. 233 John, S. T. D . 75 Ewer, Ellis, Mrs. Alfred, 238 Abbie F. 234 Abby J. 209 F Abner, 63 Col. Abner, 88 Fairbanks, Mrs. Abner, 95 Benjamin, 89 Ann M. 132 George 0. 142 INDEX OF TEACHERS 323 Eairbanks— Cont'd. Mary, 63 Samuel, 103 Tales, David, 67 David N. 117 Elisha F. 119 Harriet L. 204 Horace, 92 Joshua. 113 Sarah P. 234 Farley, Chares A. 122 Farnham, Florence M, 292 Julia A. 141 Farnsworth, Albert VV. 181 Farr, Jonathan, 111 Farrer, Jacob, 13, 14 John, 13, 14 Farrington, Anna L. 249 Charlotte, 114 Faxon, George L. 233 Fay, Apnleton, 124 FEACHE3I, George, 90 Fellows, George M. 235 Felt, Jonathan, 72 Ferry, Hannah, 101 Mrs. J. F. 262 Fessenden, John, 110 Lucy L. 204 Eield, Barnum, 110 M. Louise, 263 Mrs. Ozro M. 284 Fish, Annie G 248 Sarah H. 229 Fisher. Abigail, 70 Charles E. 215 Emery, 106 Jeremiah, 49, 50 Mrs. John B. 238 John D. 109 Jonathan, 83, 84 Joshua, 14 Fisher— Continued. Maria, 164 Mary J. 158 Nathaniel, 71, 72 Sarah, 154 Sarah E. 212 FiSK. Charles, 114 FiSKE, Henry, 107 Fitch, Mary R. 277 FiTZ, Almeria E. 158 Fletcher, Mrs. E. Dix, 177 Mrs.HarrietW.202 Flint, James, 94 FOLLANSBEE, Susan E, 219 FOLSOM. Mary J. 207 FOORD, Elizabeth. Ill Enos, 112 Esther, 127 James, 105 Jane, 121 Sophia, 133 Forbes, Mrs.Augustus,173 Fossett, Nettie, 213 Fox, John, 35, 36 Freeman, Edward, 137 Mrs. Edward, 137 French, Almira, 173 Ansel, 98 Calvin, 118 Lemuel, 82 Frizzel, Joseph A. 293 Frost, Ada M. 258 Barzillai, 117 Fuller, Benjamin B. 156 Blanche G. 304 Mary J. 163 Mrs.Timothy, 120 Mrs.TimothyS.154 G Gardner, Almira, 139 Eliza, 178 Elizabeth N. 216 Mary, 138 Miles T. 106, 188 Garfield, Marion H. 295 Gates, Charles, 195 Gay, Amy I. 274 Annie, 131 Benjamin, 109 Bunker, 117 Cornelia M. 295 Ebenezer, 44 Eliza, 113, 128 Henry, 153 Herbert L. 289 Julia A. 125 Levina R. 137 Moses, Jr. 90 Mrs. Oliver, 87 Seth, Jr. 92, 93 Mrs.Theodore,110 George, Blanche I. 281 Gerould, Mrs. Samuel A.103 Samuel L. 204 GiBB, John L. 297 Giles, Edith, 278 Gilson, Mary V. 267 Glassier, Mrs. Fred W. 288 Gleason, Mrs. Zabina, 169 Glover, Sarah, 86 GODDARD, Charles G. 164 GOODNOUGH, Mary C. 177 Goodrich, Adella R. 308 Goodwin, Mr. I. A. 158 GOOKIN, Mrs. Daniel, 80 324 INDEX OF TEACHEKS Gould, Mr. Elizabeth, Mrs. F. L. Dr. George, Mary F. Dr. Samuel, Mrs. Simeon, GOWARD, Marion C. GOWEN, Asa, Gragg, Mary F. Mrs. Moses, Graves, Mr. A. M. Green, Mary, Roland, Greene, Ella C. Greer, Florence E. Griggs, Adeline N. Frances E. Grover, Jane A. Guild, Annis C. Mrs. Calvin, Caroline F. Cornelia Cornelia S. Mrs. Ellis, 100 91 265 93 304 85 81 309 111 207 109 254 62 65 254 255 1£4 201 133 215 130 176 133 197 196 Mrs. Francis, 146 Harriet E. 213 Lauretta W. 202 LendamineD. 118 Lucinda, 127 Lucretia J. 167 Martha M. 149 Nancy, 145 Mrs. Nathaniel, 99 Nathaniel M. 131 Rebecca, 114 H Hackett, John, 148 Hall, Mrs.HiramD.W.l91 Lucy A. 276 Mrs. Nathaniel, 138 Rebecca, 116 Hamilton, Mrs.HenryC. 249 Hamlet, Miss T. C. 132 Hammer, Mrs. J. Frank, 229 Hammett, Mrs. Chas.E. 184 Hammond, James B. 243 Thomas, 80 Hannon, Mary C. 295 Harding, Eliza A. 168 Hardy, Mary C. 277 Harlow, Mrs. William, 120 Harrington, Nahum, 97 Harris, Mrs.DatusW. 195 S. Louisa, 250 Mrs. Thos. J. 219 Hart, William T. 251 Hartwell, Caroline, A. 177 Mrs.Stedman, 126 Haskins, Mrs.ClifEordC.299 Haven, Chloe 120 Elizabeth H. 135 John, 77 Joseph, Jr. 75 Moses, 79 Samuel, 84 Hawes, Miss 137 Mary J. 149 Hayes, Grace L. 284 Mae L. 290 Hayavard, Mrs.FrancisD.215 James, 107 Martha J. 234 Hellyar, Blanche E. 307 Hemenway, Appleton S. 170 Clarissa C. 170 Onslow, 170 Henchman, Richard, 27, 29 Henderson, Elizabeth E. 290 Hewins, Miss- 195 Alfred. 175 Mrs. Amasa, 108 Clara C. 274 Josephine H. 239 Laura M. 276 Mrs.WilliamH.262 Hews, William H. 161 Hill, Florence, 241 Hilton, Edna, 281 Hine, Roderick W. 311 HiNES. Irene C. H. 307 Hinman, Agnes R. 298 HiTCHINGS, Mrs. Henry, 253 HlXON, Mrs. 139 Hodges, Emily C. 157 Esther C. 179 Judith S. 187 Mary F. 212 Sarah, 230 Hoffman, Mary C. 150 HOLBROOK, Joseph, 29, 30 Holder, Phebe A. 240 Holmes, Mrs. Chas. H. 145 Elizabeth, 66 Mr. J. 144 Jason, 136 Jeffrey A. 196 Susan B. 277 Holt, Mrs.HarveyM.240 HOLTON. Edith A. 304 HOLYOKE, Elizur, 57 Howard, Caroline A. 205 Dorus F. 257 John L. 309 Nellie M. 267 Simeon, 64, 65 INDEX OF TEACHERS 325 Howe, Calvin, 118 Mrs. Calvin, 107 Mrs. Elijah, 125 John, 97 Mrs. Joseph, 92 William F. 300 Winifred E. 309 Howell. Henrietta F. 260 Howes, Bessie E. 263 HOWLAND, Clara C. 289 Hubbard, Mrs. Joseph, 220 Joshua G. 183 William H. 245 HUGGETT, Mrs. William, 234 Humphrey, Jonas, 68 HUIUPHREYS, Maria A. 265 Rebecca L. 131 Hunt, Mrs.Brenelle, 291 Hunting, Samuel, 54, 55 HUTCHINS, Janet G. 260 Mrs. Mary C. 228 I Ingalls, Albert J. 188 Mrs.AnnaM. 210 Ingraham, Adelaide E. 239 Flora C. 257 Jackson, Mrs. Ezra S. 158 James, Benjamin, 96 Jaques, Mrs. Frank F. 228 Jenkins, Mary C. 261 Jennison, Mrs.NahumE.253 Johnson, Mrs. Alfred F. 279 Jones, Mrs. Charles, 165 John, 61, 62 Nancy, 121 Jones— Coniiwited ParthenaG. 184 Willard E. 267 Mrs. William, 145 Joyce, Alice E. 307 George F. Jr. 274 Mrs.G.F.Jr.266,285 K Keelan, Alice J. 286 Mary K. 250 Kelly, Nellie G. 275 Kendall, Carrie E. 265 Kennedy, Julia G. 268 Kenney, Winifred J. 289 Kenny, C. Belle, 281 Keous, William, 72 Kidder, Nathan, 60 Kimball, Mrs. Caleb, 149 Charles F. 225 Henry H. 215 King, F. Morton, 257 Mrs.FMorton,258 Kingsbury, Enoch, 74 Jeremiah, 73 Julia, 155 L. Allen, 153 Maria F. 268 Rebecca, 114 Kingsley, Nathan G. 284 Kinney, Florence F. 286 Kneeland, William, 64 Knight, William H. 230 "I A WTTY KatherineE. 281 Lamson, Marion H. 281 Lane, Mr.D.NorD.A.Jr.238 Susan H. 276 Langdell, ChristopherC. 178 Lathrop, Marie L. 191 Laurie, Mrs. John, 213 Layman, Bertha M. 300 Leal and, Hannah M. 210 Leeds, Daniel, 92 Lewis. Mrs. Henry B. 276 Mrs.HoratioP.253 Martha, 139 Mrs. Thomas, 215 Mrs. Willard, 141 Lincoln, Charles S. 182 Jairus Jr. 243 Lindley, Julia, 110 Little, Henry A. 185 Mrs. Walters. 292 LiTTLEFIELD, Ethel A. 270 LiVERMORE, Louise R. 304 Locke, Calvin S. 221 Mrs. Lyman, 132 William W. 296 Loheed. B. Miriam, 300 Lord, Joseph, 31 LORING, Eliza G. 199 Loud, Mrs.ByronW. 231 LOWDER, Samuel, Jr. 93 Lund, Matilda B. 211 Mrs.StephenF.168 Lyle, Carrie A. 263 Lynas, Margaret R. 270 Lynch, Mary E. 307 Lyon, ^ Mr8.EmersonW.254 L, 326 INDEX OF TEACHEKS M Emma F. 271 Mackintosh, Mrs. Elisha, 109 William D. 244 Haddocks, Marion F. 302 Malloy, Annie G. 270 Mann, Samuel, 22, 23 Timothy M. Ill Mansfield, Christine T. 296 Maecy, William L. 96 Marden, Fanny S. 240 Mark. Lillian G. 302 Market, Thomas, 18, 19 Marsh, Nabbv A. 174 Thomas, 50, 51 Marshall, Abbie L. 249 Mrs. Alden B. 170 Mrs.J.Addison,206 Mason, George W. 311 Mrs.Thaddeus, 88 Mathes, Frances A. 245 May, Ad el in a, 226 Alice E. 285 Maynard, Mrs.(ofWestboro)130 Mayo, Daniel. 81 McClearn, Mary A, 290 McCoy, Mrs. Clara R. 220 McKENDRy, Ellen, 178 McManus, Dorothy H. 282 Jennie V. 261 McSkimmon, Mary, 266 Mead, Seymour L. 180 Melvin, Thomas J. 126 Merrick, Belle, 242 Merritt, Gertrude L. 278 Helen S. 293 Messenger, Eunice, 133 Metcalf, Ann S. 145 Betsey, 94 John, 84 Jonathan, 73 Joseph, 60 Marietta G. 257 Martha, 220 Michael,15,16,17,20,25 Nathan, 115 Mills, Mrs. John, 155 Kufus, 101 Moakler, Olive F. 282 Montague, Jane L. 117 Sarah A. 129 William, 89 Moody, Mrs. David T. 125 Moore, Jonathan, 66 Morrill, Isaac, 107 Morse, Augusta, 179 Mrs. Chas.E. 137,202 Chloe. 99 Mrs. Edward 1.261 Mrs.EdwinScott,248 Joseph, 33, 34 J^Iary, 70 Mrs. Mary S. 249 Sarah, 146 Mrs.SidneyE. 235 Morton, Anna B. 293 Mowry, Bainbridge, 147 MUDGE, Sybil, 99 MULKERN, Isabella J. 277 Mary E. 266 MULLIKEN, Augusta W, 175 MUNN, Mrs. Geo. M. 237 MUNSON, L. Mabel, Lillian, Myrick, Cyrus G. Nash, Miss- N 298 307 140 198 Henry C. 182 Neal, Mrs. David, 202 NEWC03IB, George, 208 Newell. Mrs. Asa, 93 Ebenezer, Jr. , 76 Eliza, 102 Lucinda, 118 Lvdia, 63 Mrs. Marshall, 139 Mary, 72 Mrs. Nathan, 77 Polly, 94 Rebecca, 71 Nichols, Martha H. 217 Samuel H. 216 NiCKERSON, Caroline K. 198 Miss E. M. 206 NORRIS, Sarah L. 251 NOWELL, Mary F. 295 Noyes, Joseph H. 252 Maria, 140 Samuel B. 140 Nutter. Isabel 0. 287 Nye, Elizabeth N. 172 Lucy A. 204 Oakman, Hiram A. 204 O'Brien, May C. 310 Olmstead, Mrs.Montgomery228 Onion, Anna E. 154 Joseph, 99 Sarah, 76 INDEX OF TEACHERS 327 Orendouff, Jennie A. 302 Mrs. JosephH. 253 Osgood, Maria, 117 Otis, Alice M. 310 P Page, Ann E. 169 Helen F. 258 Mrs. John B. 201 Paine, Delia C. 230 Mrs. Gardner, 121 John O. W. 210 Park, Arabella E. 268 Parker, James N. 251 Martha A. 183 Richard G. 107 Parmelke, Mr. H. P. 227 Parsons, John, 109 Partridge, Caroline, 160 Mrs. Frank N. 258 John 41, 42 Patten, John F. 222 William, 60 Paul, Mrs. Edw. C. 235 Luther, 102 Peabody, Ephraim, 122 Pease, Benjamin L. 205 Miss E. M. 242 Jesse, 90 LeanderV.N. 246 Pennell, Susan, 302 Perkins, Mrs.(ofSharon),128 Miss E. C. 246 Mrs. Sidne3% 113 Perry, Arthur L. 176 Elijah, 121 Joseph, 58 Mary, 121 Myra J. 293 Rebecca D. 126 Peters, Andrew, 72 PETTEe, George F. 194 Holmes R. 192 Phillips, Maria F. 199 Thomas, 115 Pierce, AlmiraG. 226 Arthur G. 155 Mrs.C;harlesC. 277 Jesse, 100, 101 John. 136 Mrs. Oliver, 139 PlERSON, Mrs.GorhamD.127 Pike, Mrs. Julia A. 230 Plaisted, James, 113 Samuel, 116 Plympton, Henry R. 167 Mrs.Jeremiah,139 Joanna, 141 Willard P. 165 Pond, Eliphalet, Jr. 73 Mrs. Mary U. 230 Sanford P. 115 Timothy, 56 Pooler, Bessie M. 305 Porter, Caroline, 120 Elizabeth P. 213 Jabez, 67 Pratt, Fredric A. 151 Mrs.Jerahmeel C.141 Prentice, Abigail, 104 John, 40, 41, 42 Prince, Josephine M. 235 Pritchard, Mrs. Chas. F. 255 Probert, Sarah J. 282 PULLEN, Helen E. 198 Q QUIMBY, Harriet, 291 R Rand, Herbert L. 303 Randlett, Harriet A. 261 Raw son, Avery, 103 Edward, 98 Raymond, Mrs. Roland, 184 Read, Harriet E. 197 Reed, Levi, 143 Reynolds, Miss E. L. 246 Rhodes, Annie S. 155 S. Louisa, 242 Rice. Miss A. H. 173 Richards. Mrs. Edw. M. 114 Eliza A. 160 Mrs. Fred'k, 90 Hannah, 75.86,87 Mrs.Hannah,63,100 Mrs.HenryVV. 207 James B. 144 Mrs. Job, 71 Jonathan 87 Mrs.Jonathan, 83 Louisa C. 193 Luther, 130 Mrs. Moses, 100 Pollv, 107 Mrs.Samuel,75,142 Mrs. William, 121 Richardson, Cerilla R. 258 Charles A. 191 RiNN, Ethel, 307 ROBBINS, Laura H. 263 Robershaav, Mrs. Mary, 136 Roberts, Edward. 94 Mrs. Joseph T. 219 ROBIE, Martha G. 220 Robinson, Joshua D. 178 Melissa D. 240 Ruth, 130 ROBY, Irene B. 278 L, ^/ 328 INDEX OF TEACHERS ROGKRS, Shine, Edward, 155 Lizzie M. 276 'ROhVE, Shorey, Henry C. Mrs.Henry C. 1«9 Frank H. 201 107 Mrs. John, 133 Rowley. Lilla, F 262 S. Annie, Shuttleworth, 220 JJkilCh M. ■ Samuel, 73 ,74 RUSSKLL, SiLSnEE, Barrett B. 2.39 Mrs C. H. 63 Mrs.BarrettB.241 1 Simmons, Mr. E. Mrs.JosiahM 145 Mrs. Benjamin Skates, ,91 Rydkr, Mr. C. W. 1.32 Henry O. Mr. T. r. 283 1.37 Sl AFTER, Thomas P. 123 Anna R. Carlo.s, 272 173 S Sackett, Herbert L. Mrs. Carlos, 183 310 Small, Jane S. 193 Sargent, Charles M. 263 Smith, Adelaide I. Alice A. 272 272 Savil, Anna, 88 Emma M. 241 Catherine, 1.36 Sawyer. Genevieve, 262 George A. 1!>7 Mrs.GeorfijeS 199 Saxe, Mrs. Isaacus, 145 Mabel W. 253 Mrs. John N. 108 Martha A. 246 Scott, Sylvester, 177 Mary M. Nathaniel. 187 106 Mrs, W'm. G. 220 Mrs.Nathaniel,lll | Sears, Samuel R. 151 Hattie B. 291 Sarah E. 305 Sew all, Charles C. 116 Smithick, Alice C. 282 Siiackley, Emma J. SlIAI'LKiGH, Carrie M. 272 244 Snow, Mrs. Geo. H. Thatcher N. 209 216 Siiatswell, SOMERBY, Mrs. H. K. 289 Gustavus A. 161 Shattuck Souther, Elijah C. 171 Mrs. Chas. H . 236 Shaw, Hattie B. Martha I. 283 297 Southgate, Mrs. WaiterB .287 Oakes, 65 South worth. Shea. Edward F. 283 Mary J. 262 Spalding, SHEI'IIERI), Amos F. 168 Mrs(ofVVrentham)113 Spare, Betsey, 63 Galen, 136 Sherman, Spaulding, John D. 159 Alice M. 271 Nathaniel, 58,59 Mrs. Randall , 251 Spear, William H. 122 Mrs. Wm. H. 123 Spencer, Annie G. 283 Emily O. 195 Sprague, Leila, H. 287 Stanley. Mrs. Otis, 166 Starr, Ebenezer, 74 Mrs. Fisher, 106 Starr ETT, Delia F. 259 Stearns, fJeorge, 137 James H. 216 William L. 130 Stefan, Emily B. 276 Stetson, Annabel, 291 Mrs. Edw. P. 230 Stevens. Mrs.DanielW.160 Henry D. 206 J. Nelson, 181 Mrs. Lucy A. 276 M. Lillietta, 254 Stockrridge, Adeline, 198 Mrs.AgustusP.l70 Stockdale, Mrs. Wm. K. 213 Stone, Mrs. Albert, 150 Mrs. Asa, 187 Emily, 141 Storms, Sarah J. 275 Stowe, Lydia A. 146 Stroelin, Ella F. 268 Strong, Emily W. 264 Titus, 98 Sturtevant, Mary A. 113 Sumner, Juliet F. 214 Lewis N. 228 Nathaniel, 53 INDEX OF TEACHERS 329 Swan, Frederick W. 287 Mrs.Fred'kW.298 Joseph, 89 Sweet, Henry, 114 Loretta, 107 SWEETSER, Mrs. MyraA. 259 SWINNERTON, John, 20 Symmes, Wilham, 58, 59 Taft. Mrs. Ezra W. 118 Mrs.Frederic A. 197 J^auretta W. 146 Margaret, 130 Mary F. 253 Talbot, Harriet R. 173 Josiah W. 132 Mary A. 136 Mary L. 247 Nancy E. 152 Susan R. 142 Mrs. W. H. 137 Ta ylor, Caroline M. 266 Thacher, Peter, 90 Thayer, AlexanderW. 141 Arthur W. 2.56 Mrs.JohnH.B.185 Mrs.Thos.W. 184 Thompson, Mrs. Cyrus A. 1.53 Mrs.SamuelH.271 Susan, 144 Thorne, Jennie M. 278 Thorpe, Louis. 84, 85 Mrs. Ruth, 65, 66 Thurston, William, 130 Tinkham, Mary A. 158 TiSDALE, AbbieE. 210 Emma, 238 Lucy. 211 Mrs. Percy E. 237 TlTCOMB, Charlotte A. 2.33 Mrs. Edw. E. 129 Pierson, 120 Todd, Alice A. 303 Tolman, Mrs.(ofWorcester)130 Jeremy F. 98 Louisa, 165 TORREY, Josiah, 54 Tower, Mrs. Wm. E. 297 TOWNSEND, Flora P. 292 Mrs. Geo. H. 290 Solomon, 52 Tracy, Elizabeth, 294 Treadwell, James P. 159 Tubes, Aspasia P. 222 Tucker, Almira, 178 Catherine E. 185 Elijah, 103 Helen M. 221 Mrs. John, 148 ijizzie C. 258 Mrs.RalphW 189 Tyler, Hannah, 99 John, 84 Samuel, 112 Samuel B. 119 U Underwood. Joseph, 146 Upham. William D. 130 V VOGLER. Barbara E. 297 VOSE, Solomon, 81 W Wales, Dolly L. 275 Walter, Thomas, 43, 44 Walters. Catherine E. 288 244 123 80 310 Ward, Ella E. Ephraim, Ware, Harriet, Henry, Lucy M. Washburn, Mrs. Andrew, 179 Waterman, Miss E. T. 195 Helen, 298 Watson, Harriet, 152 Weatherbee, Benjamin,Jr,82,83 Webb, Nathan, 59 Webster, Humphrey, 161 Welch, Bessie J. 305 Weld, Eleazer, 61 Wells, Caroline, 138 Wendell, Marion J. 285 Wentworth, Mrs. Horace, 197 Marshall, 297 May H. 299 Wescott, William H. 233 Wheaton, Horatio G. 108 Polly, 83 Wheeler, Cora B. 277 Wheelock, Mrs. Elijah, 140 Maria L. 236 Ralph, 8 White, Abbie A. 229 Amelia, 111 Benjamin. 54 Mrs. Delia, 63 Elizabeth. 63 Mrs.Fr.ankW. 2.59 John B 130 Mrs. Lydia D. 63 Whiting. Caroline. 135 Charles E. 255 Cynthia. 90, 109 Mrs. Eaton, 108 Mrs. Edward, 85 330 INDEX OF TEACHERS Wuirii^o— Continued Elizabeth. 108 Ellen W. 237 Eluiira, 141 Esther, 124 Harriette E. 237 Joanna, 103 John E. 214 Joshua, 87 Lucretia, 97 Mary, 100 Mrs. Nathan, 72 Ithoda, »8 Koxa, 100 Mrs. Stephen, 76 Thaddeus, 100 Thomas, 95 Whitman, Samuel, 35 WlIlTMOKK, Mrs.SamuelO.213 Whitnky, Esther M. 128 Frederick E. 249 Harriet, 105 Jeremiah, 70 John, 92 John A. 137 Mrs. John O. 260 Lydia A. W. 141 Pliny, 103 WlIlTTlKK, Anna E. 294 WlIITWELL. William, 66 Wight, Danforth P. 102 Daniel, 137 Ebenezer, 76 Eieazer, 86 Frederick H. 255 (ieorge, 195 Mrs. Geo. F, 219 John, 47. 53 Miriam, 93 Wilde. Atherton T. 139 Wilder, David P. 178 Gertrude P. 268 Joseph A. 124 Mary S. 185 Wiley, Caroline R. 158 Willakd, Hannah, 67 WiLLETT, Phebe, 67, 68 Williams, Alice L. 283 Benjamin P. 184 Mrs.FranklinS.243 Wilson, Emily L. 189 Harriot, 99 John, 166 Winchester, Abby F. 196 Anna C. 196 Jonathan, 52 Wing, Irma E. 310 WiNSHIP, Adelaide E. 223 Nancy C. M. 230 WiNSLOW, Mrs.FrancisO.220 Isabella F. 284 WiSAVALL, John, 56, 57, 82 Wood, Betsey, 85 Cornelius E. 179 Lucetta, 179 William H. 146 Woodbury, Peter L. 235 Woodman, Daniel S. 119 Mary V. 242 Woodward, M rs. C hau ncey , 135 John, 32 Peter, 80 Richard, Jr. 77 William, 16 Worcester, Samuel M. 104 Worthington, Erastus, 189 Wyman, Mrs. Geo. H. 178 LIBRARY OF CONGRESSjA 022 117 962 6