PF 3111 
 .A4 
 1867 
 Copy 1 
 

 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 003 224 980 2 $ 
 
 > 
 
PF 3111 
 .fl4 
 1867 
 Copy 1 
 
 ^?o^^:~ .-i 
 
 '^SSSO"^ 
 
 
 RUDIMENTS 
 
 OF THE 
 
 Eilil LANGIIAG 
 
 EXERCISES 
 
 IN 
 
 SwuMnmrtofl, ^peUinn and ^wiaifaj. 
 
 BY 
 
 0B< 
 
 Author of the "New Method of Learning the German Language" 
 
 AMERICAN EDITION. 
 
 IMPROVED A\D ENLARGED. 
 
 §tw fork. 
 
 EJ. STBIGHR. 
 
 18 6 7. 
 
 i 
 
jl A A 
 
 . 
 
 LI BRARY O F C ONGRE SS, I 
 ^l | 
 
 .UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.} 
 
 J3«--%-»-%--»'%.-%--*'%^'»-<fc-»-»-»-»-*'*-%.<Q| 
 
 
 
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 •>*/:! 
 
RUDIMENTS 
 
 OF THE 
 
 E 
 
 L 
 
 EXERCISES 
 
 IN 
 
 gAMMMdttg, Jtydtfttfl and tett#Mtt& 
 
 by/ 
 
 108* iff* aii, 
 
 Author of the "New Method of Learning the German Language* 
 
 AMERICAN EDITION. 
 
 DIPBOYED AND ENLARGED. 
 
 spur f *vh 
 
 IE. STEIGER. 
 
 1867* 
 
FIRST PAET. 
 
 The German Alphabet is composed of the following twenty- 
 six letters: 
 
 German : 
 
 English : 
 
 Nams: 
 
 German : 
 
 English : 
 
 Name: 
 
 2t a, 
 
 A a, 
 
 ah, 
 
 $1 n, 
 
 N n, 
 
 en, 
 
 23 I, 
 
 B b, 
 
 bey, 
 
 SD o, 
 
 o, 
 
 o, 
 
 S c, 
 
 C c, 
 
 tsey, 
 
 V h 
 
 P p, 
 
 pey, 
 
 © b, 
 
 D d, 
 
 dey, 
 
 'sx.i 
 
 Q q, 
 
 koo, 
 
 g e, 
 
 B e, 
 
 ey, 
 
 m\ 
 
 R r, 
 
 err, 
 
 8 f, 
 
 F f, 
 
 ef, 
 
 ©f«, 
 
 S s, 
 
 ess, 
 
 ©9, 
 
 Gg, 
 
 gey, 
 
 2 t, 
 
 T t, 
 
 tey, 
 
 $ $, 
 
 H h, 
 
 hah, 
 
 U u, 
 
 U u, 
 
 00, 
 
 3 i, 
 
 I i, 
 
 ee, 
 
 as », 
 
 V v, 
 
 fow (fou) 
 
 3 i, 
 
 J J. 
 
 yot, 
 
 233 », 
 
 W w, 
 
 vey, 
 
 # % 
 
 K k, 
 
 kah, 
 
 X x, 
 
 X x, 
 
 ix, 
 
 8 1, 
 
 L 1, 
 
 el, 
 
 W 9, 
 
 Yy, 
 
 ypseelon 
 
 TOm, 
 
 M m, 
 
 em, 
 
 3 3/ 
 
 Z z, 
 
 tset. 
 
 Simple vowels: tt, t, \, 0, It, (t)). 
 
 Modified vowels: a, 0, ti. 
 
 Diphthongs, or compound sounds: ttU, ei, Ctt, att, at. 
 
 All other letters are consonants. 
 
— 2 — 
 
 PKONUNCIATIOF. 
 l. 
 
 i 3, n % m 2tt, u U. 
 
 t like i in bit or ee in beer. 
 
 tt and tit have the same sounds as n and W. in English. 
 
 tt like 00 in roof. 
 
 in, itt, tm, mt, mu, urn, un, tttt, 
 nt, mm, nimm, nun, mum 
 
 Observation. — A double consonant is preceded by a short vowel 
 
 2. 
 
 e % V r , St, b 2). 
 
 C like e in there or £>ec?, or like ei in sU% 
 
 b at the beginning of a syllable like the English d» at the end almost 
 like t* 
 
 t f unlike the English I*j pronounced with greater force and a roll- 
 ing sound. 
 
 (£r, bet, bent, Un f bu, bit, nut, nut, unb, runb, bumm, 
 irr, benn, 9Jtunb, SRtnb, Dur, SJJurt, §Runu 
 
— 3 — 
 
 ^^a 
 
 &**<**> 
 
 In final syllables c is very short, and must be pronounced softly: 
 
 veben, irben, benen, nennen, murrcn, immer, enbett, mtnbetn, 
 
 Srbe, SDline, 9Ktme, SRebner, Smme, Sftuber, Semite, 
 
 Summer, Sbetu 
 
 <**&/***&&&4<- . 
 
 %<***00&S?0 
 
 m?i<4&*&, ■&<^w&**~&'?2- . nt&p^i&n*** 
 
 
 ■?****>&■> 
 
 ***i 
 
 '^■tm-fi&fr. 
 
 3. 
 
 -a 
 
 nZ- a: 
 
 o ■£>, 
 
 like in no/ or in stone. 
 like a in Tiard, father. 
 
 & 
 
 aiv ta/ wan, arm/ ober, morben, orbnett, cmbre, 2)orn, 
 
 SStonb, SRanb, SKorb, SDom, 3)atm, SRab, Stber, Stotme, 
 
 Sflobe, Same, £)rben, 9iame, farmer* 
 
 r w4&ft. 
 
 '&*w*'&rt<"**- . 
 
 &<***> 
 
 STJZv******, -f^fiti 
 
 
 ****&?€& 
 
— 4 — 
 
 s^- 
 
 <%~ 0& 
 
 » ffl, » SB. 
 
 1} sounds like the English f t 
 
 ttJ is pronounced almost like the English V« 
 
 son, sor, mo, ttemt, tocmn, som, t>om, roatnt, nmnb, *mrb, 
 
 fterben, roeber, tirinben, tmbmett, iwrbre, ttanbem, ttoran, 
 
 »orati, SBinb, SBanb, SBinbe, SBunber, SBurm, 3?er», 
 
 SBabe, Sormunb, SBibber, 233anne*- 
 
 V r^^^rrrrr, 
 
 *<>&**■, *iZl&&"&&i^A<rt<-*t**, 
 
 ^rtZ-CPj /&£&&***&***&■, 6%%^A#<-i&&? 
 
 5. 
 
 • " ■="*— v 
 
 5 23, I 8, f & 
 
 I), J, f have the same sounds as b, I, f in English ; B, at the end 
 of a word, is pronounced almost like p« 
 
 lin, al, ob, oben, aber, bras, btnbett, tteben, Sab, 
 23oben, 23rob, Sanb, 25irne, 23ube, Srubcr, JRaBe, Sbbe. 
 
 * ' 
 
 
 &*&*****&**, 
 
 '&&1&, ts £■£?&>-&&■/ -^?i<"fr&fr&&. 
 
— 5 — 
 
 leten, lernen, lattett, t»otf, atte, rotten, Itnbern, M, 
 8abe, 8amm, £cber, 8am, 23att, ffiBttte* 
 
 &£&■*&&&**■, o^^frZ^Pf-, < s *2t-&--*'&'fr-&- / «*^^*^^ / 
 
 fern, fromtn, fremb, fatten, offen, rufen, foerfen, Sfetb, 
 Sarfce, $eber, Stamme, guber, 2Baffe, Dfen, 2BoIf^ 
 
 Sftenb, 23lume, £>orf, Site, gaffe, Stanbet, 9leM, 
 3tebe, Ufer, SBaffel. 
 
 }) and t have the same sounds as p and t in English. 
 
 plump, pratten, pappen, $alme, $ubel, $ufoer, $uppe, 
 
 $appel, STOappe, $famte, $fevb, $funb, 9Japf, Dpfcr, 
 
 £)ampf, $fropfen* 
 
 j£^tfrt*'1>i#'** / rt>**~2tt1b<4*> / &'&^<2>&** / i£^&&l* / 
 
— 6 
 
 w^^h^***, 
 
 tofl, txo&m, toktt, treffert, fctaten, bttftett, retten, £abel, 
 £cmne, £ob, Srttt, 8uft, SSater, Gutter. 
 
 1jt-4£4£lfrHC. 
 
 tapfer, platt, Steppe, £topfen, £ufye, JErumpf, £empel, 
 
 I . $♦ 
 
 5 is aspirated, like II in the English word hold. After a vowel or a 
 t, | is not pronounced, but indicates that the syllable is long. 
 Jllj is pronounced like f« 
 
 $er, fin, Ijett, Ijaft, Ijolb, I;att, Ijetfv Ijelfen, Jjoffett, 
 
 ipafer, £alm, £err, £eft, £lrt, £tmmei, £of, ^opfen, 
 
 £uf, £unb. 
 
 &.&&&&&, ^mf*W'& / &WZ-&&&* 
 
 ^^**&' : frrt c & / sZo'tp**iesf s^fr***-^ ^fr&n***, 
 
t — 
 
 toel;, xtfyf ftoij, nctljen, fleljen, broken, ruljen, SRelj, Sofye, 
 &ruf)e, 2el;en, @$e* 
 
 Ijof)!, td)m, ttaljr, t^m, ifr, mel)r, iljnen, feljlen, predion, 
 
 $fafjl, gfa^ne, 8e$ite, Sefym, £>i>r, Sourer, Uf>r, Stu^m, 
 
 t^uen, rott), S^al, £{)urm, £§or, S^ron, 3Sut$, Stut^e, 
 
 8tat$, £J)at, £>rd)t, 3Bett$, ga$tt, W&W, Wbotfo. 
 
 8. 
 
 - /^ - /^ - <¥ 
 
 w esc-**, *& L^-fr, *& &Z** m 
 
 <i Sfe, 5 De, ft Ue. 
 
 a like a in care, fate. 
 almost like U in murder. 
 
 tt has no corresponding sound in English; it is pronounced like 
 the French lit 
 
 chtbern, afytteln, ttdljlen, fallen, ndljett, ndljren, na^em, 
 Ste^re, Sat, 2Bdrme, SDBarter, S^rcme, £dwt, Skater* 
 
 6be, MiJbe, tfjonern, $Srcn, fiffnen, ttrilfcn, ttfbten, Del, 
 3W)re, ggffel, glitte, 93fortner, £%, OTorber. 
 
ixbtx, fifr, frulj, fitttf, bxinn, mitbe, fu^Ieit, fitflett, ppfett, 
 
 urn, mfyt, wtyit, mmx, tym, mtyt, $w, £fittt. 
 
 
 -&**&**. 
 
 ?&&/ <ZArft-&& 
 
 
 f ®, 
 
 M 
 
 &. 
 
 f has a somewhat softer sound than the English S# 
 8 is used at the end of words and syllables. 
 
 fb, fdjt, felten, fammeln, factt, fef>en, ftttfam, ©aft, ©dM, 
 ©ol)n, ©fitter, ©umpf, ©itnbe, ©enf, ©titer, ©pfydre* 
 
 lefen, Idfert, Mafen, taffen, effett, totffen, mufien, Safe, 
 
 gafer, 23efen, gerfe, 3We, ©enfe, Snfcl, £utfe, 2Baffer, 
 
 SldjTe, ©effel, STOefTcr, fsjfe, buffet, ffliffen, £affe* 
 
 e$, fcas, BU, mas, afe, uns, Ios, anbers, Bo^aft, £als, 
 gels, SBamms, 3>ufe, 25er3, ©ims, 2Rop&. 
 
 ^^^^^f-l^l? / &£■£&* 
 
 , ^^^/j^z^piv**, '&f£<£**C'6 1 , 
 
 &£&&£'&&*>> 
 
 
10. 
 
 </^^ % & 
 
 I % &, q Q. 
 
 f sounds like the English kt if replaces double k» 
 If, always followed by U, sounds like qu in quire. 
 
 Ictlt, liar, trmnm, lit!)!, Inapp, tneten, Mpfen, ttopfen, 
 Sampf, Safe, Sopf, Sorper, Stvfy, Pilfer, Sefyle, Serf, 
 Stnb, Alette, AUppe, Anafce, Snail, Snopf, Snoten, 
 
 Stone, SreK 
 Irani, benfen, trinlen, mellen, roelfen, nterlen, ttritlen, 
 £afen, Sufe, gfel, £>anf, SBinf, StoH, SBoffe, Serf, 
 
 ffiirle, SJlarft, 2Ru*Iet, 5DteIe* 
 
 bid/ led, mader, troden, Mden, tteden, £)rud, ©ad, 
 
 9>M/ «™<fe, 9iaden, SSader, £>edel, tffaft* 
 
 quer, quttt, qudten, qualen, Sequent, DucHe, Dual, 
 Duttte, Dualm, Duart, Duaber* 
 
 11. 
 
 ® ©$, (i ©t, fp ©p. 
 
 f(f) sounds like the English sht 
 
 ■&&'rtt-'Z*-'&-'&-'&& 
 
— 10 — 
 
 fl and f^J like St and Sp in English, at the beginning of a word 
 approaching the sound Sht and Shp» 
 
 fdjarf, fdjBit, fcfyltmm, fdjmal, fdjneH, fdjroff, fdjwer, fdjmitl, 
 ©kernel, ©d)tfj> ©djut), ©d)laf, ©dfylitten, ©cfymud, 
 ©djnaM, ©cfyted, ©dbrtft; ©djrocm, ©d^mitr, ©cfyrcert, 
 xafd^, frifdj, barfdj, falfdj, pbfd), ftf^ett, quetftyen, 
 Sift, 23ufc$, grofc^, gRaft; Jpttffy SBunft, glafc^e, 
 2Baf^e, Sutfd&c* 
 
 ^^?&<&&-&f. / ^^£&'£&**- / ^^%&&&'*^fr*4-j 
 
 faft, et(i, ttnift, buffet, fonft, flcjietn, ljuften, fHtjlent,- lifpeln, 
 
 l)afpeln, Sljl, Srujt, 3>(Ia(icr, Duafie, gtjle, flitfte, grofi, 
 
 gorji, ©deeper, Surjie, P&ft, $<#, filler, tfunft, 
 
 £atnftcr, 5tnofpe, 2Befpe* 
 
 flat!, ftitt, jhtmm, (liken, fle^len, jblpern, jhicfett, ©tat;I, 
 ©tern, ©tod, ©tufce, ©traf)l, ©tranb, ©ttol), ©trumpf* 
 
 [paten, fpat, fpinnen, fpiilen, fprfibe, fpriifyen, fproffen, ©ped, 
 ©pott, ©porn, ©punb, ©petite, ©pinbel, Splitter* 
 
 <^Z*^5*^, '&&&^Zifr*& / ^£&-^&-4& / ^%*<"&tjZ?fr-&Z- / 
 
11 — 
 12. 
 
 J§, in the middle or at the end of a word, has two different sounds. 
 For the correct pronunciation the pupil must refer to his 
 teacher, as there is no corresponding sound in English. 
 
 i$, mid), nidjt, butdj, recfyt, fdjtecfyt, tteld^er, manner, 
 tadEjen, fpredjeit, fittdjten, l^rdjen, fd^arcfyen, redjiten, 
 ©tridj, S3ic4 «el^, 2Rity, £>o% 2Jl8tK$, @tor<$, flned&t, 
 $fUd&t, 3ttd>ter, tfud&e, Soccer, gadder, Serd&e, tftrd&e, 
 gurdje, SMbdjen, £iitdjau 
 
 na$, wad), nod), Ijodj, f a $*/ wcidjen, focfyen, fu$en, 
 
 fd^Iad^tett, Sadj, ©d^mad), 5Luc^, 23rudj ; Sod), dactyl:, 
 
 ®o$t, ©dfyludjt, ©ad)e, ©ptacfye, SBocfye, Sudje, £od)tev, 
 
 ©tadjel, Stamen, Snod)etn 
 
 ffj§ or tijf is pronounced like X when these consonants belong to 
 the root or radical syllable. 
 
 fecfys, roadmen, ttndjfen, brecfyfeltt, loed^fetn, %a<$$, Qatyz, 
 
 y^^^j^v s^^^^^ ^€^^^^^ / 
 
 
— 12 — 
 13. 
 
 @. 
 
 % f at the beginning of a word, sounds like the English % in good; 
 between two vowels, and at the end of a syllable, the sound 
 is generally like fy, only much softened. 
 
 gar, gut, gelb, grim, glatt, grot, geflern, gerabe, @aM, 
 ©and, ©eft, ©idjt, ©las, ©locfe, ©nabe, ©ras, ©urfe* 
 
 arg, fd)rag, gegen, trage, regnen, fegnen, mogen, liigen, 
 
 artig, enng, rtcpg, titd)ttg, SDeg, ©teg, £alg, ©arg, 
 
 2Serg, Surg, ©egenb, Seget, ©age, glitgel, Sgel, 
 
 23itrger, Drgel, ©urgel, SSntg, $vni$+ 
 
 Hug, flugs, genug, tnager, fagen, fragen, Ilagen, Sag, 
 
 %xp&f Slug, $flug, SKagb, Sager, 2kget, $lage, 23ogen, 
 
 SBoge, Sogel, Stoggen, Slagge* 
 
 ttg sounds like Ug in ring. The pronunciation is the same, when 
 ttlj is followed by a vowel, like fing-er, not like the English 
 fin-ger, 
 
 eag, flreng, tchtgjt, gertng, fcange, f-rmgen, fmgen, ftren* 
 
 gen, ©ang, ^Iang A £)ing, 9ftng, ©djnmng, SBange, 
 
 ©ngel, Singer, Stngft, £engji. 
 
— 13 — 
 
 6c^^&&*e#^atf<. / f^rttw*^, 
 
 "7"- 
 
 14. 
 
 fj is either preceded by a long vowel and has the sound of the 
 English SS$ or is used instead of f£ at the end of a word and 
 of fj before t. 
 
 S tof, Mop, fiip, gup, ©rup,. atuf, 2Kap, ©pap, ©top, 
 KIop, ©trape, Supe, SSflupe, ©rSpe. 
 
 fcap, nap, Map, ©d&ufr 9?up, Stop, @<Mop, gap, £ap, 
 
 8Hp, 23tp, ©djlup, gtup, tfup, ©apd)«t, geroip, ntlflidj, 
 
 gefapt, Mnmpt. 
 
 t^jp£irjC/ f l^C^-tV^c/, t/^-t'lC/, c^ZhWj&j 
 
 15. 
 
 i 
 
 ^ 2r f- / 
 
 ^ 
 
 J 3, 
 
 1/ 
 
 >: £. 
 
 j is pronounced like y in you. 
 
 J sounds like tSJ \ replaces double J. 
 
 J sounds like X» 
 
— 14 — 
 
 fa/ fa/ $% l&th fang, jthtgft, jiebodj, Sagb, 3agcr, 
 3al)r, 3o$, 3uM, Sugenb, Surcet 
 
 J"/ 2% ga^trt, ge$n, 3»ar, g»81f, a^if^en, Saljtt, 3$c, 
 3edje, Soil, 3unge, 3u<Ier, Simmer, Seeing, 3»erg, 
 ftirj, fd?marg, ftolj, gang, gttangig, fradfoen, fd&lud&jen, 
 @$»cmj, 3>ffanje, ©djmatg, $clj, £olg, $atj, <S^merg, 
 
 tw|, firift, jefct, jtrfefct, fefteti, f$a£en, pu£en, f^uften, @a$, 
 9Je£, Sltft, Itlofc, flafce, gejen, 9tugen, ©prifcr, SMfce* 
 
 fir, Sfrt, $mr, £ere, Seamen, Srempel, 3£erre$* 
 
 y '3^&^fr&** / 
 
 yy y yy T- 
 
 16. 
 
 ^*^ ■€#■&&, IP**-, -C&*. 
 ' J ' 
 
 an, au, eu, at 
 
 Hit is pronounced like OH in house, out. 
 
 IIU and Clt sound almost like oy in boy. 
 
 oi is pronounced by drawing the sounds of a and I quickly together. 
 
 cms, ctuf, audj, grew, Mau, rauf , laut, taugen, tauten, 
 
— 15 
 
 $rau, Zfyau, Sraut, $am, $awpt, ©traudfy, gaujt, ©trau§, 
 23atmt, 3awt, ©taub, Sluge, ©cfynauje, £>aumen, $aufe* 
 
 rdumett, trdumen, rdttdjertt, tdufd^ett, glduMg, grdultcfy, 
 ©dule, SRdufcer, itdttfer, 23dumcfyen, SSKdugcfyen, Sdujcfyetu 
 
 neu, end), netm, trett, %uer, euer, Ijeut, beutett, kugen, 
 
 £eu, ftreuj, 3eug, Sremtb, geuer, greube, £eu$ler, 
 
 Seudjter, ©cfyeune* 
 
 SMai, SWate, Sate, SBatfe, flatfer, ©atte, 
 
 ^t^Zcp^j t&it&t^mit&t-j ^>Z&'/&'fr<fr7P** / J^^fr**, 
 
 17. 
 
 &, iu 
 
 Ct sounds like i in side. 
 
 it sounds like ie in field, bier. 
 
 cut, ixon, bret, tteht, mem, bent, fcin, fletn, fret, $ehtt, 
 $eil, tt>ett, Brett, fetg, retcfy, leidjt, weifi, St, Ste, Srets, 
 fflctf, Sett, SBcta, SBetb, 3»elfl, £et$, girfj, ©eta, 
 flletb, gletp, ©eijt, Stetf, £eim, SRet^e, 5tteie, 3»eifcl, 
 @id)e, ©etge, grdulettu 
 
 bie, tote, trie, Diet, irier, ftetett, ttef, tirieber, liet, nteber, 
 frierett, fUefjen, fried)en, liegett, fltefyen, 3)tefc, S^ter, 
 
16 — 
 
 ttttc, SSicI, ^rieg, flies, ©piep, ffltcr, ©ptel, S)tetifl, 
 spfrtem, ©lieb, ffiiene, Siege, Piemen, ©ttefet, $riejto* 
 
 ^^^Ifrt^fr**, ^^Z^^rt^fr**, &</&&■£<&, 
 
 '.&.■?-& 
 
 ■&■'&''&'•&'* 
 
 , Sl^frZ-fr, 
 
 fet, fte, jetyett, ai^en, fteben, feiben, serfdjeiben, ttetfcfyte* 
 
 ben, tet^en, ttedjen, Sieb, 8ctb, fliet, fleit, Slete, SRie^, 
 
 glttp, gleif, SRiefe, SReifc, SBeife, SBiefe. 
 
 18. 
 
 IP**, -&-&. 
 
 aa, 
 
 ee, 
 
 w+ 
 
 d&, tt, 00 sound like o, e, 0, and are always long. 
 
 Uax, $aar, £aar, ©aat, ©aat, ©$aar, SBaare* 
 
 leer, fc^eel, ©$nee, fltee, S.eet, £eer, Seere, ©eele, Jtamcet 
 
 9J?oor, SSoot, Soos, ©djoofr 
 
 -CSfitP**. 
 
9 % c 6, <% tt 
 
 in words derived from foreign languages. 
 t) is pronounced like i» 
 
 fyrifdj, mtytfjtfd), $$ant, Styrann, @9fy$e, ©pmM, 
 Styramibe, SWtf, Stymie, ^p^mne. 
 
 (E is pronounced like J before a, e, o, X, i), and like f before 
 0, 0, vt f or a consonant. 
 
 (Eafar, (£eber, Senttter, (Etftettte, Sitrone, Gtypreffe, 
 Eapttal, Siasier, Sommobe, Sompag, &mgrej?, Sonccrt 
 
 ®f) is pronounced before a, e, *t, t) like $ in t(fj, before other 
 vowels or consonants, in general, like k« In words derived 
 from the French, it sounds almost like SJi» 
 
 (S&emte, E$eru&, (E&trutfj* 
 G^aos, E^atalter, (S^or, E$rt|t 
 (Sharpie, S^ocolabe, S^ampagner- 
 
 The syllable it, when followed by~a vowel, is generally pronounced 
 like Jt. 
 
 Station, portion, Sfuctton, patient, Sfctte* 
 
 
— 18 — 
 
 THE SYLLABIC ACCENT. 
 
 SIMPLE WORDS. 
 
 Simple words have the accent, in general, on the root or 
 radical syllable. 
 
 They are either monosyllabic roots, or consist of the root and 
 one or more unaccented syllables. The latter may be placed before 
 the root, as fo, tmp, Cttt, tt, ge, tier, jer, or after the root, as e, el, 
 en, enfc, er, crtt, eS, ej!, ti, idjt, tg, in, tfdj, lid), djen, ung. 
 
 EXAMPLES. 
 
 auf, ait, Ux, butd), gut, arm, grop, Item, %tclu, tftnb, 
 £aus, SDadj* 
 
 Seruf, Smpfang, Sntwurf, ©rttag, ©efang, SSernunft, 
 
 SerfaU. 
 
 <£rbe, Sogel, 93efen, £ugenb, tmeber, gauberu, affes, Sfintg, 
 ©ididjt, fhtbtfd), 85untt, fittbltd), SDZdbd^cn, 2Bi?fmung- 
 
 innevltcf), fiffentlid^ jugenbltd), ttaffertg, wentgftens, ittmgens, 
 
 enbtgen, fd)wdrmerifd), Sontght, SMttercfyen, fReifenber, 
 
 SSttterung. 
 
 enikljrett, ^evtrummetn, empfmblt$, empotenb, geroatttg, 
 
 ethmerlid), tteremtgen, tterbeutlidjen, fceftattgen, ©etutge, 
 
 ©ntbeder, 23eerbtgung, SSerttunberung, ©rmangelung* 
 
 Many words, taken from foreign languages, have the accent on 
 the last syllable. 
 
 EXAMPLES. 
 
 ©tubent, ftykx, ©olbat, Sflajor, ©eneral, ^ameet, Wloraft, 
 Goncert, detail, SDtuftf, 9htur, Exemplar, £ermtn, fatal 
 
— 19 — 
 COMPOUND WORDS. 
 
 Compound words are either combinations of independent words, 
 or may partly consist of accented prefixes, as lilt, lttt&, or accented 
 final syllables, as Bar, fjaft, Kng, W/ !$<*!*> W§> &$> Uw, tljuitt, leitt, 
 el, (jeif, hit, tret!. 
 
 Each component keeps its proper accent, the principal accent 
 being, in general, laid on the first component. 
 
 EXAMPLES. 
 
 umnteljm, cmgenetjm, ntitletbig, iiktmilt^tg, umfommen, 
 cmfljoren, emne^men, entgegengeljen, Shtfcmg, Sfntn^ort, 
 «&erfunft, Sftctcfyric^t, Dutdjf^uitt, SSormunb, Sffitberfprud), 
 tteierjitg, Stofage, SCufttJarter, ©egettgefdjenf, Winter* 
 geiciube, 33crf>ebeututtg* 
 
 Mafgtim, getffretdj, l)tmmeIWcut, fjartfjer^tg, iaufafltg, 
 IteJenwiirbtfj, tobesmutytg, ttoljtgelwren, Jpaustpr, £anb* 
 maim, Sro^fittit, SWemcib, ©cmbnmfte, 2)rudfel)ter, 9tot$* 
 fefyldjen, ©cfylafeimmer, SKeijierfHUf, Stfcrglcutfce, 23tutnen* 
 garten, 3?egenttaffer, ©efcetfotdj,. ©efcurtstag, ©djtefc 
 getter, @tl6ergef$irr, SKcttf^enaerftanb, SReifegefa^rte, 
 Sftaulfceerfcaum, Uigropmutter* 
 
 furd&ttar, Bo«$aft, ntujfcr^aft, Be^utfam, unarttg, m* 
 frud)tf>at, uttbcbadjtfam, mtggejkltet, SieMing, ©djuffal, 
 gteunbfcfyaft, £eimatfy, gfrauleht, $mjtoni§, SSerfaum* 
 \\\§, Sretyett, SBiit^erid), gurfkntl)utn, getntyett, Ungliuf, 
 2Jlipu>ad&s, 3flt£gefd)td, gntf^loffen^cit, Unbcmfbarleit, 
 Sunglhtgsalter* 
 
— 20 — 
 
 There are, licrwever, a number of compound words winch have 
 the principal accent not on the first component. 
 
 EXAMPLES'. 
 
 barcm, gurM, jumiber, sotfjer, too^on, tyuteht, fyxab, 
 cmkt, bureaus, tnbeffcn, itfcer^aupt, fcetgauf, gegenufcer* 
 
 cittmatig, Jwrtyanben, juTunfttg, fcarm^erjig, aflmadjttg, 
 »ortreffIid^, unfetyl&ar* 
 
 ttoKenben, miflttitgett, burcfyWdttem, tmtarmett, fiBertrejfen, 
 ^tntetgc^eti, tttberfpredjen, imterfudjem 
 
 fpa^teren, tegteren, jhtbtren, ntarfdjtten, tu$fta&taiu 
 
 ^ra^tem, ©nftebler, Sterteljaljr, Sa^unbert, ©ornten* 
 
 aufgang* 
 
SECOND PART 
 
 PEAOTIOAL EXERCISES. 
 
 ber (masc), bte (fern.), bdS (neut), the. 
 ber 33atev, the father. ber ®avtcn, the garden, 
 
 bte SDJuttcr, the mother. bte ©tcibr, the town, the city. 
 
 i)Ci$ 23ud), the book. ba$ 2tteffcr, the knife, 
 
 imb, and. 
 
 Observation. — 1) All German nonns begin with a capital letter. 
 2). Articles, adjectives and pronouns must, in general, be repeated 
 before each noun to which they belong. 
 
 Example.— The father and mother. 2)er SBatcr imb bte SOZutter. 
 
 £)er 93ater unb bte Gutter* 3)er ©arten unb bte 
 etabt Das 23ud) unb bas SJeffer* 
 
 2. 
 
 ber <£o()tt, the son. ber £tfcf), the table, 
 
 bte Softer, the daughter. bie geber, the pen. 
 ta8 §au$, the house. baS ^apter, the paper. 
 
 Der ©oljn unb bie Stouter* Dte geber unb bas 
 papier* 5Dcr Stfdj unb bas £au&. Der Setter unb 
 ber <3o$ru Die Sautter unb bte £od)ter* Das 23udj 
 unb bie geber* Das £aus unb ber ©arteru 
 
 21 
 
— 22 — 
 
 3. 
 
 ber SDtamt, the man. bcr £mtb, the dog. 
 
 bic grau, the woman. bte $ci£e, the cat. 
 
 ba$ $mb, the child. baS $ferb, the horse. 
 
 £)er SMann, bte grau, t>as Stub* S)er £unb, bte 
 flafce unb bas 5>fetb. £>er Sater, bte SKuttcr unb baa 
 &btb« £>as Suc^, bte geber unb bas papier. 3)a* 
 $aus, bet Oatten unb bte ©tabt 2)er £ifdj, bas 
 SWcffcr unb bte geber* 
 
 4. 
 
 bcr SBruber, the brother. bcr SBoget, the bird. 
 
 : bte ©djtoejier, the sister. bte S3lume, the flower, 
 
 bag £)orf, the village. bag ©d)fog, the castle. 
 
 £)et Srubct unb bte ©djttejier* £)er iBogel unb bie 
 SSlunte. £>as Dorf unb bas ©(fyfofL £>et Sater unb 
 ber Stuber. S)ie Stutter unb bie ©ctywefta* £>a$ S)orf 
 unb bie ©tabt Dct 9Jtatm unb bas £inb* Die grmi 
 unb bte Softer* £)er 2if$ unb bas Stefle* 
 
 5. 
 
 The father and the mother. The son and the 
 daughter. The brother and the sister. The man 
 and the woman. The house and the garden. The 
 dog and the cat. The pen and the knife. The 
 village and the castle. The bird and the flower. 
 The book and the child. The dog and the horse. 
 
— 23 — 
 
 6. 
 
 cut (masc), cine (fern.), cm (neut.), a, an. 
 em $ater, a father; cine Sftutter, a mother; em Sucf), a book. 
 
 ©in SSater unb eine SWuttet. ©in ©oljn unb eine 
 £o$ter«. ©in Stubct unb eine ©cfyrcefter* Sin Warn 
 unb eine grau* ©in ©arten, eine ©tabt unb ein 
 &au$+ ©in 23ucfy unb eine Sfeber* ©in £unb, eine 
 $a£e unb tin $ferb+ ©in £>orf unb ein ©djlop* 
 
 7.1 
 
 ©in SSogel unb eine 331ume* ©in S)otf unb eine 
 
 ©tabt ©ine gebet unb ein papier, ©in 25ucfy unb 
 
 ein SWeffer* ©in SSater unb ein $inb* ©in SHfd) unb 
 
 ein £au$* ©ine £oc&ter unS eine ©dwefter* ©in 
 ©o^n unb ein 23ruber. 
 
 8. 
 
 A man and a woman. A cat and a dog. A 
 horse and a bird. A town and a village. A father 
 and a child. A mother and a daughter. A knife 
 and a pen. A book and a flower. A table and 
 a pen. A brother and a sister. A son and a 
 daughter. A garden and a house. 
 
~ 24 — 
 
 9. 
 
 ntcin, roeme, nteut, my. 
 
 be in, beine, be in, your (thy), 
 bcr Oitfet, the uncle. ber gtounb, the friend, 
 
 bie Xante, the aunt. bie fjlafdje, the bottle. 
 
 ba$ (§Hag, the glass. baS SBctffcr, the water. 
 
 SWeht Dnfel xtnb mehte SEante* 9Heht ©las unb 
 metne gtafcfye* Dcin $ater unb beine SKuttcr* S)ctn 
 Srubcr unb beine ©d^efter* SSetn @oI)u unb nteine 
 Zdfyttx. Wlthx SSud) xtnb metnc geber* S)ein ©arten 
 unb bent £aus> £)ein £unb unb bent $ferb+ 2Kein 
 greunb itnb bein greunb. 9JMne Slume unb beine 
 23lume. With SWeffer imb bein SDlcffcr- 
 
 10. 
 
 tmfcr, nnfere, unfcr, our. 
 eucr, euete, cuev, your, 
 unfer $ater, our father; unferc Gutter, our mother; 
 unfcr ficmS, our house. 
 
 bent $ater, ) , ,. beine SMutter, ) ,, 
 
 cuev SJater, j 7°°* fatlier - euere gutter, [ ^ our motheT ' 
 
 bein £>au3, 1 , 
 
 cucr§au8,F ourhouse - 
 
 Obsehvation. — fWr is translated by bein, beine, bettt, when 
 referring to one person. It is, in the following exercises, marked 
 your (1), to be distinguished from your, euer, euere, eucr, which 
 refers to several persons. 
 
 Unfcr SJater unb unfete Stutter* Unfer 23rttber unb 
 unfete ©d)tt>efier* (£uer Dnfel unb euere SLcmte* @uer 
 @ol)n unb euere Zo&jtex. Unfcr £unb, unfere $a§e 
 
— 25 — 
 
 unb unfer $ferb* Unfere ©tabt unb unfer £>au3+ Unfer 
 ©lag unb unfere gflafdje. Unfer Jtinb unb euer Smb. 
 Unfer 23ud) unb euer $Bu$)+ Unfere geber unb euere 
 geber* Unfer ©arten unb euer ©arten. Unfere Slumc 
 unb euere 231ume> Unfer greunb unh euer greunb* 
 
 11. 
 
 The uncle and the aunt. The bottle and the 
 glass. The bottle and the water. My father and 
 my mother. Our brother and our sister. My bird 
 and my flower. Our garden and our house. Your 
 town and your village. My horse and my cat. 
 Our town and our castle. The brother and the sis- 
 ter. My book and my pen. Your son and your 
 daughter. My friend and your (1) friend. My 
 glass and my bottle. Your dog and your cat. 
 
 12 
 
 btefer, biefe, btefeS, this. 
 
 bicfer SBater, this father; biefe SDtutter, this mother; 
 
 btefeS $tnb, this child. 
 
 £>iefer Sater, biefe Gutter unb biefeg Smb. S)tefer 
 ©arten, biefe ©tabt unb biefes £>aus. £)iefeg Dorf unb 
 biefes @d)log* 3)iefes ©lag unb biefe glafd&e* liefer 
 SDlann unb biefe grau* Dtefe geber, biefes Tltffa unb 
 btefes papier* liefer £unb, biefe $a£e unb btefeg $>ferb* 
 
— 26 — 
 
 ©tefer SSoget unb biefe 23tume* liefer Slfdj, btefe glafcfye 
 unb biefe$ SBaffer* £)iefes Sucty unb biefe gebet\ 
 
 13. 
 
 This liorse and this dog. This dog and this 
 cat. This bottle and this water. This brother and 
 this sister. This son and this daughter. This 
 paper and this pen. This castle and this house. 
 This father and this child. This knife and this 
 table. This bird and this cat. This man and this 
 woman. This town and this village. '* 
 
 14. 
 
 alt, old. 
 
 gvo§, great, large, tall. 
 
 jung, young. 
 
 He in, little, small, short. 
 
 neu, new. 
 
 f(f)0tt, beautiful, fine. 
 
 gut, good. 
 
 frcmf, ill, sick. 
 
 il*C«, faithful. 
 
 Itiifcttdj, useful. 
 
 mube, tired. 
 
 ffetjjtg, diligent. 
 
 $arl, Charles. 
 
 Souife, Louisa. 
 
 tft, is 
 
 ©er Skier iji alt £>te Gutter ifi Jung* 2)as 23u$ 
 ifi neiu S)et ©arten iji grog* 2>te ©tabt ifi flettu 
 2)a$ $au$ iji fdbJm £)er £unb ifi treu* 3)a$ g>ferb 
 ifi tuifclidj* Sari iji fleijng* £ouife ifi miibe. £)er 
 SBogel iji tltixu 3)ie 231ume iji f$on* 2)ae 35orf ifi 
 grog. £er Dnfel ift Irant £>ie £ante ifi mitbe. 
 
— 21 — 
 
 £>er S£ifi$ iji neu. £>te geber iji llein. £>a£ papier 
 ifi gut. ®as 2»e(Tcr tft f$*t& 
 
 15. 
 
 My father is old. My mother is young. Oar 
 garden is small. Our town is large. Your horse 
 is beautiful. Your dog • is faithful. My bird is 
 small. My son is ill. My daughter is diligent. 
 Our table is new. Your pen is good. This book 
 is useful. Your (1) uncle is tall. Your (1) aunt 
 is short. My brother is tired. Charles is my 
 brother. Louisa is my sister. 
 
 16. 
 
 A 
 
 Btdjt, not. _* 
 
 retdj, rich; arm, poor; fur, for. 
 
 Unfer SSater ifi nid)t alt Unfere Gutter tft ntfy 
 Irant Suer Dnlet iji nicfyt retd). dum Zantt tft 
 ntd)t arm. Sffieut S3ruber iji ntd)t llein. Wltint <&tym* 
 jier iji nicfyt grofn 2)tefes £au3 iji nic^t neu. SDiefe 
 SSIume iji nicfyt fd)6n. Sari iji nid)t fletptg. Soutfe 
 iji ntd)t tnitbe. S)cin SKeffer iji gut. JDeitte geber 
 tft ntd)t gut. Sftein. Dnlel iji Irani. SKeine £ante iji 
 nid)t Irani, liefer $ogel iji fitr Sari, ©icfe Slume 
 tft fur Souife. 
 
— 28 — 
 
 17. 
 
 fmb, are. 
 
 Sftetn SSater unb metnc Sautter finb Irani 2Mn 
 Sruber unb ntehte @$tt>ejler [tub ntube* SUieut 23ud) 
 unb metnc geber [tub gut ©iter Jpunb ill treu* Sin 
 £unb unb ein $ferb fmb nu#Iiiju 3) em Sogel unb 
 beine Slumcn fmb f$8tu Unfer S)orf unb unfer ©d)Iop 
 fmb flehu SMefer SJlann unb biefe $rau fmb alt 
 Unfer ©ruber unb unfere Sdjroejier finb Jung* £>tefe 
 geber unb btefes papier f m ^ U ^ ^ n f et >DnfcI xmh 
 unfere £ante fmb reidj* Suer ©tfljn unb euere £od)ter 
 fmb fJetfifl- 
 
 18. 
 
 The man is not old. The woman is not young. 
 The uncle is not rich. The aunt is not poor. This 
 bird is not beautiful. This flower is not fine. My 
 brother is not short. My sister is not tall. My 
 child is not ill. Your brother is not diligent. This 
 dog is not faithful. Charles is not my brother. 
 Louisa is not my sister. This knife is not new. 
 Our uncle and aunt are not young. My brother 
 and sister are not ill. Charles and Louisa are 
 not diligent. This horse and this dog are useful. 
 This bird and this flower are for Charles. This 
 paper and this pen are for Louisa. 
 
— 29 — 
 
 19. 
 
 ftvttg, good, gentle. gtiicflidj, happy. 
 
 3ji bein Sater Iran!? 3ft betne Gutter Jung? 
 3fi btefer £unb trcu? 3ft btcfce 3>fcrb nid)t inifclidj? 
 3fi Sari fleiptg? 3ft Souife nid^t arttg ? 3fl biefe 
 ©tabt g™£? 3ft btefer S)orf Hem? 3ft bas ©d)tog 
 fd^Bn ? 3ft ^uer Dnlel reicfy ? 3ft euere £ante arm ? 
 3ft biefes 23ud) next? 3ft biefe gran ntc^t gificflid)? 
 3|i btefer SKatm nid)t jTeifitg? 
 
 20. 
 
 ber Str^t, the physician. §einridj, Henry, 
 
 bie SDZagb, the maid-servant. . (Smttie, Emily. 
 §err, gentleman, sir. 
 §ter ift, here is; bet ift, there is; too, where. 
 
 £einricfy ift mem 23ruber* Smitie tji meine ©$we* 
 per. £>iefer £err iji unfer Slrjt* £)iefc Stau ifi unfetc 
 SWagb* Sari tji mem ©o$m Souife iji meine 5Eod)ter* 
 £ier ift euer SMefier unb euere $eber* x>a iji betn 
 23ud) unb betn papier. SBo ift mete Dnlel unb meine 
 Sante? SQo ift bas ©to unb bie gtafd^e ? 2Bo iji 
 ber SSogel unb bie 331ume? 3ft euere SKagb Irani? 
 Unfere SDtagb iji nldft Irani 3ji £einrid) mitbe? 
 .gjcinrid) iji ntdjt mitbe. 
 
 21. 
 
 Is your (1) brother ill ? Is your (1) mother young ? 
 Is our physician old? Is our maid-servant 
 
— 30 — 
 
 faithful? Is my garden large? Is your house 
 small? Is this gentleman your uncle? Is this 
 dog not useful? Is this pen not good? Where 
 is my knife ? Where is my glass ? Here is your (1) 
 knife and there is your (1) glass. Is Henry not 
 diligent ? Is Emily not good ? Is Charles your (1) 
 brother ? Is Louisa your (1) sister ? 
 
 22. 
 
 id) bin, I am; 
 
 bit bl% you are (thou art), 
 ber -fteffe, the nephew. mtmter, gay. 
 
 bte 9ltd)tc, the niece. gufriebett, contented, 
 
 immer, always; fcljr, very; \a, yes; netn, no. 
 
 3$ tin gufrieben- £)u Wjl nt$t immer gufrteben* 
 $arl ifl immer munter* £outfe tji ntdjt immer ftetjng* 
 3d) tin bein Sruber* 35u trijt metne ©djmefter* £em* 
 xify ift unfer greunb* Sin id} glitdltd) ? Sin id) ntd)t 
 8rop? Sip bu Iran!? Stfi bu nic^t artig? 3ft 
 gmtlie ntc^t ^ufrteben? 3ft btefer £err ein Str^t? 3a, 
 btefer £err tji ein %x^t 3ft biefe $rau euere SWagb ? 
 •ftem, btefe %xau ifi ntd)t unfere %fla$. 3ft btefer 
 ©cfytog ntdjt fd)im? 3ft btefe Weber ntd)t gut? 3c^ 
 Bin bein Dttfel, bu itft mein 5Jeffe. Sijl bu metne 
 5Lante? 23tn id) betne 9?td)te? Sift bu mem greunb, 
 £etnrtd)? 3a, ify tin bein greunb. 
 
— 31 — 
 23. 
 
 I am poor. You are rich. I am your (1) son, 
 you are my father. Louisa is your (1) daughter. 
 Henry is our friend. Are you contented, Charles? 
 Yes, I am contented. Are you ill, Emily? No, I 
 am not ill. You are not always diligent, Emily. 
 Are you tired ? No, I am not tired. My nephew 
 and niece are very young. Am I your (1) friend, 
 Henry? Yes, you are my friend. Am I not happy? 
 Yes, you are very happy. 
 
 24. 
 
 er, fte, e8 ift, he, she, it is. 
 traitricj, sad; afcer, but; aucf), also; Ijier, here; ha, there. 
 
 2)er ©arten ift nid)t groj5, after er ift fetjr fd)5m 
 £)te ©tabt ift f^on, after fte iff fe$r fichu £>as £au$ 
 ijr alt; eg ift ntcfyt neu* SWetn 33ater ift Irani; er ift 
 feljr traurtg. 3ft betne Gutter aud) Irani? 9?em, fte 
 ift nidjt Irani. 3ft biefcr £unb treu? 3a, er ift fel)r 
 trau 3ft biefee 23ud) md?t fdjon? 3a, es if* fd)on, 
 after e$ ift nldjt ttfifclify So ift Sari? <£r ift i)ter, 
 Sautter. $Bo ift gmtlie? ©te i# aucfy $ter* 3(1 cuer 
 Dnlel retd)? 3a, er ift feljr reidj. 3ft btefe grau arm? 
 3a, fte ift fetyr arm. 3ft biefes fltab Irani? 3ff, ed 
 ift fe^r Irani 
 
- 32 - 
 25. 
 
 Is Henry your (1) brother ? Yes, he is my 
 brother. Is Louisa your (1) sister ? No, she is 
 not my sister. Is this man poor? Yes, he is 
 very poor. Is this woman ill? No, she is not 
 ill. Is not our dog faithful? Yes, he is very 
 faithful, but he is not beautiful. Is not this village 
 small? Yes, it is very small. Is not our garden 
 large? Yes, it is very large. Is this flower not 
 beautiful? Yes, it is very beautiful. Is my book 
 not useful? Yes, it is very useful. Where is 
 your (1) brother ? He is here. And your (1) sister ? 
 She is ill. 
 
 26. 
 
 ftrir firth, we are.. 
 
 iljr fetb, ytfii are. 
 
 fte jutb, they are. 
 
 ober, or ; nod), still. 
 
 Observation. — You are, when referring to one person, bit fctft", 
 will hereafter be marked you (1) are. 
 
 ©tub iinr xt\§ cber arm? SBir finb nic^t reid^ 
 ©etb tl)r fleijng? 3a, 9Mter, tirir fmb fe^r fletf%* 
 ©tnb bent SSater mb beine 9J?tttter alt ? 9ltm, fte fmb 
 nod) jungv 3ft ber ©attett imb ba$ $au$ grog ? 3a, 
 feljr $ri)f ♦ ©tnb tttr atttg, Gutter ? 3a, il)r . fetb 
 fet;r ar% ©frfc Sari itnb Souife l)ier? 9Mn, fte 
 
— 33 — 
 
 flnb ntdjt $ter* ©etb \l)t gufrieben? 3a, ttir fmb 
 gufttebm unb glMUd)* SMefer SKcmtt unb btefe gran 
 fmb fe|r arm. SSBlr fmb nid)t arm. 2Bo iji mete £3ud) 
 unb mehtc $eber ? $kx ift bent 23ud), unb ba iji aud) 
 tcine geber* 
 
 27. 
 
 * 
 
 We are happy. We are not sad. You are 
 contented, but you are not always diligent. My 
 father and mother are still young. Your uncle 
 and aunt are very rich. This man and this woman 
 are not poor. Are we rich? Are you poor? 
 Henry and Charles are very diligent. Louisa and 
 Emily are ill. This horse and this dog are useful. 
 There are my book and knife. Are they good? 
 No, they are not good. 
 
 28. 
 
 ber gute SSater, the good father; 
 bte gute Sfluttev, the good mother; 
 ba$ gute $mb, the good child, 
 gefdjttft, skilful; falfd), false. 
 Obseevation. — Adjectives, when preceded by the definite article 
 ber, bte, bd0, have the termination C» 
 
 £)er tetd)e DnfeL 2)tc reldje SCcmte* £)as fdjBne 
 £au3. 3)er arme SWatuu Die arme grau* 3)a$ 
 atme 5tinb» 3)er Heine ©ruber. Die Heine ©djmefler* 
 
— 34 — 
 
 T)a$ Heine 23u$. £)er treue $m& S)tc falfdjc $a$e* 
 £>as nfi|Itd|t $ferb* £)er grojje Oartem 3)ie fcfyone 
 23Ium& £)as alte ©djlog* 2>er gute Jpeinridj* SDie 
 gute ©milie* Die fletgige 9Jiagb+ £er gefefyidite SIrjt 
 3)er Heine Xifdj* 2)er fd)5ne SSogeL 
 
 29. 
 
 Observation. — Adjectives have the same termination C, when 
 preceded by biefer, btefe, biefeg. 
 
 £>iefer gute SBater* £)iefe gute Gutter* 2)iefe3 gute 
 Sinb* £)iefer arme 2Jkmu £>iefe arme gran* 3)iefe$ 
 arme £inb* 2)iefer fd^ne ©arten* 3)iefe fd)one ©tabt 
 2)iefe$ fd)5ne £>orf* 3)iefer Heine &if$* 2)iefer treue 
 £unb unb biefe falfcfye £a£e, SDiefe^ alte £au$* £>iefes 
 junge $ferb* ©lefe alte SRagb* Diefes neue Sufy 
 £>tefer gefefyidte 9tt3t 2)iefe3 artige Jtinb* 3)iefe reicfye 
 ©fe*t 
 
 30 
 
 Minb, blind. 
 
 (Der) Heine Staxl ift immet traurig* (Die) Heine 
 Couife ift immet munter* Der gitte Dnlel unb bie gute 
 £ante ftnb feljr glMlid^ 3)er treue £unb ift nufcltd), 
 liefer arme SWatm if! Mtnb* Diefe arme grau ift 
 Irani. DtefeS Heine fiinb ift fcfyr artig unb fleij^ig* 
 Diefer reid)e 2Jtamt ift ein Strgt Diefe fcfyihte gfrau 
 ift unfere SEante. £>iefe3 nii^Itd^c 33ucr) iji nicf)t neu* 
 
— 35 — 
 
 2)iefer jungc 2ft arm ift unfer Sfteffe*. £)iefes muttterc 
 $inb ift unfer 23rubei\ 
 
 31. 
 
 The good brother and the good sister. The 
 old uncle and the old aunt. The small garden 
 and the small house. The fine village and the 
 fine town. The poor mother and the poor child. 
 The blind man and the blind woman. This beauti- 
 ful bird and this beautiful flower. This useful 
 book and this good paper. This good son and 
 this good daughter. This large glass and this small 
 bottle. This new knife and this new table. This 
 young mother and this young child. 
 
 32. 
 
 fdjarf, sharp; Iteb, dear. 
 
 Observation. — Adjectives, preceded by the indefinite article 
 em, eme, ettt, have the terminations C? (masc), C (fern.), C§ (neut.). 
 
 ©in gitter Wlann, einc gute Gutter, em gutes Stnb* 
 ©in reid;er Dnfel, eine teicfye Saute*, ©in treuer Jpunb 
 unb cm nit£lid)e3 $ferb* Sin fletgiger @ol)n unb eine 
 fleigtge £od)ter* ©in fd^ones S)orf, eine grope ©tabt, 
 em Itemed ©cfytcp* ©ine Irene fflxttfk din gefcfyttfter 
 Strjt. ©in lleiner SSogel, eine fcfyihe Shone, ein fcfyarfes 
 SWejfer* ©in Itefcer SSruber unb eine liek ©djttejier* 
 
— 36 — 
 
 ber (partner, the gardener; fdjott, already. 
 
 Observation. — Adjectives take the same terminations (cr, e, e§) 
 when preceded by mem, bein, imfer, euer 
 
 SMetn fleiner 23ruber unb meine Heine ©deeper 
 flub artig* £)em guter Dnfel unb beine gute Xante 
 ftnb fd)on l)ter. Unfer alter ©artner tjl Minb* (Euere 
 neue 3Jlagb ift fel;r fleifltg* Sift bu fdjmt mitbe, mem 
 lieks fitnb? 31cm, 25ater, id) tin ni$t tnitbe* 2Bo 
 ift bein fleiner £>unb, Sari? SSJtem fleiner £unb ift I)ier. 
 3ft bein junger greunb nid)t ein gefd)i(fter Str^t ? 3ct, 
 er ift fel;r gefd)idi Unfer -grower ©arten, unfer e fleine 
 ©tabt imb unfer fd)Snes $au§. 
 
 34. 
 
 A little brother and a little sister. A dear 
 uncle and a dear aunt, A rich man and a rich 
 woman. A large town and a . large village. A 
 fine garden and a fine castle. A false cat and a 
 faithful dog. My good father and my good mother. 
 Your (1) little nephew and your (1) little niece. 
 Our old gardener and our old maid-servant. Your 
 fine garden and your fine house. Our dear brother 
 and our dear sister. Our good paper and our 
 good pen. 
 
— 31 — 
 
 35. 
 
 bcr erfte, the first. ber fteknte, the seventh, 
 
 bet* gnjette, the second ber ad)k, the eighth, 
 
 bcr brittc, the third. ber neunte, the ninth, 
 
 ber tuevte, the fourth. ber ^efjnte, the tenth, 
 
 ber fiinfte, the fifth. ber etfte, the eleventh, 
 
 ber fcdjgte, the sixth. ber jtuBlfte, the twelfth, 
 
 ber tet^ie, the last. 
 Sunt, June. SSMdjctm, William. 
 
 Suit, July. $cmf, Paul. 
 
 9luguft, August. Srcmj, Francis. 
 
 £ubiutg, Lewis. $atljariiie, Catherine. 
 
 ^aultne, Pauline, 
 fcefdjetbeu, modest. fjeutc, to-day. 
 
 unctrttg, naughty. tnorgett, to-morrow, 
 
 itbermorgen, the day after to-morrow, 
 bcr crfte Sfogujt, the first of August; ber cierte Suit, the fourth of July. 
 
 £eute ijt ber fedjste Stuguji, morgen tjl ber ftefcente, 
 unb iibermorgen ift ber cid^te* llnfer liefcer Sari ift 
 fef)r fleifjig; er ift ber erfte in ber Slaffe (in the class); 
 Subttig ift ber jtueite, 2Btll;eIm ber britte, unb (ber) 
 unartige $aut ift ber te^te* Unfere Souife ift and) cm 
 fel;r fleiptges Sinb; fie ift nid)t bie lefcte in ber Slaffe; 
 Smilie ift bie le$te* fapa, ift f)eute ber geljnte Suni? 
 9Mn, mem Sie&er, §eute ift ber gfoolfte Suit Sranj 
 ber Srfte* £einric§ ber Sierte* Sari ber giinfte* 
 
 36. 
 Are you a) the first in the class, Charles ? No, 
 (Sir,) I am not the first, but I am the second. 
 
— 38 — 
 My brother is the third, Henry is the fourth, and 
 (the) little Lewis is the last. My sister Louisa is 
 very diligent; she is the first in the class; Emily 
 is the fifth, and Pauline is the sixth. Is not to-day 
 the eleventh, papa? No, my dear, to-day is the 
 tenth. Charles the First, William the Fourth, Henry 
 the Eighth, Catherine the Second. 
 
 37. 
 
 Item, small ; f (cuter, smaller, 
 alt, old; alter, older, 
 gvofr large; ginger, larger, 
 nitfctidj, useful; imfcttdjcr, more useful, 
 bte <&*e, the earth. bcr Styei* the Rhine, 
 
 tie ©orme, the sum bte £>onau, the Danube, 
 
 ftarf, strong; Brett, broad; a% than. 
 Observation.— -Most adjectives of one syllable change in the 
 comparative the vowel a into it, into 0, U into U. 
 
 34 bin f&tocr, ate bu* ' 2>u Kj! flr5|er, ate idj* 
 3Jlem ffiater if! alter, ate metne Gutter* 2Rehte Gutter 
 ift lunger, ate mem Sater* ®er £unb if! treuer, ate 
 bte tfafce, ®a$ $ferb if! fitter itnb ttit£lid)er, ate 
 bet £unb. SB it fmb gufrlebener, ate tyx. 3§r fetb 
 tetter, ate mte. Siji bu ftarfer, ate bem Sruber, Sari? 
 9tan, i$ bin nld&t ftarfer, ate er* 3ft Soutfe arttger, 
 ate gmttte? 9Wn, fte ift ntd)t arttger. 3ft biefe grau 
 firmer, ate unfere SKagb ? 3a, fte if! firmer* 3ft ber 
 
— 39 — 
 
 9if)em griper unb Bretter, aU bte £)onau ? -Kent, er tfi 
 ntd)t groper unb fcretter* 3ft bte @rbe flehter, ate bte 
 ©omte? 3a, fte t|i fletner* 
 
 38. 
 
 My brother is older than I. I am younger 
 than he. Charles is more diligent than Lewis. 
 This horse is more useful than that dog. Emily 
 is more contented than Louisa. We are richer 
 than you. You are poorer than we. The Danube 
 is larger than the Ehine. The sun is larger than 
 the earth. Henry is stronger than William. Are 
 we richer than this gentleman ? No, we are not 
 richer, but we are happier. 
 
 39. 
 
 ber tttemige, mine;" ber tmfrtge, ours; 
 
 ber betnige, yours (thine). ber eurige, yours. 
 ber SRtng, the ring; bie.Ufjr, the watch; ba$ tft, that is., 
 tudjt fo al§, not so.. ..as; fo....tt){e, as. ...as. 
 
 ©as ifi ntd^t bete 9?teg, tfarl; bas ifi ber metetge* 
 ©as tft ntdjt betee U^r, ba$ tfi bte meintge* 2)as tfi 
 nicf)t bete SJieffer, bas ifi ba$ ntetntge* SDtetn £ut tfi 
 fcfyimer, ate ber betetge* Sfletee ©cfymejier tft iitnger, 
 ate bte betntge* Uttfer £aus ifi fo grog, tote ta$ eurige, 
 after euer ©artett ifi tudjt fo grog, ate ber mtfrtge* 
 guer $fcrb ifi alter, ate bas ttnfrtge. "Sftete Sucfy ifi 
 
— 40 — 
 
 ttu£lt$er, aU bets behuge* gucrc 'Sflatfb ifi ntdjt fo 
 ffetjng, aU hit unfrtge* 9Kem Dnlel unb ber betutge 
 finb tyter* 9Mne £cmte mb hit bemtge fmb fefyr glii& 
 lidj* (Suer @d}li?j3 i(i fo fd)3n, .rote bas unfrige* 
 
 40. 
 
 Your (1) hat is smaller tlian mine. Your (1> 
 watch is finer than mine. My brother is older 
 than yours (1) . My sister is not so old as yours (1) . 
 My paper is liner than yours. (1) Our uncle is 
 richer than yours. Our house is larger than yours. 
 Your son is happier than ours. Your daughter is 
 more diligent than ours. Your child is stronger 
 than ours. Is that your (1) book, William? No, 
 it is not mine. Is that your (1) watch? Yes, it 
 is mine. 
 
 41. 
 
 Jlettt, small ; flettter, smaller ; ber flctnfte, the smallest. 
 
 aft, old; alter, older; ber alteftc, the oldest. 
 
 grog, large ; grower, larger ; ber grogte, the largest. 
 
 niii^tc^, useful ; nu^Uc^er, more useful ; ber itufctidjfte, the most useful. 
 
 ba$ 9ftetafl, the metaL SttatljUbe, Mathilda. 
 
 ba% (Stfett, the iron. feftfe, Eliza. 
 
 ba$ (Silber, the silver. tie Slufgabe, the exercise. 
 
 ba$ Stljter, the animal. leie!)t, easy. 
 
 gfriebrid), Frederic. unglitcftidj, unhappy. 
 
 Observation. — The superlative has the termination ftc or CpC« 
 As in the comparative, most adjectives of one syllable modify the 
 vowels a, 0, tt into a, b, ii. 
 
— 41 — 
 
 £ehmd) ifi flemer, ate Stoxl, after $aul ifi ber 
 fleinfie* Soutfe iji griper, ate Smilie, after 5Matl;tIbe 
 tfi bte gropte* 3)ag Stjeit ifi nu^Mjer, ate bag ©titer; 
 eg iji bag nufslt^jie SffletalL. ©er £tmb ifl bag treuejk 
 £I;ier* 3)ufe Stufgaftc iji leister, ate bte beintge, after 
 bte eurige iji bte leidjtefie* Sari ifi ineut ciltcfiet @oI;n, 
 unb Souife iji meine Jun^fie Softer. £>u ftifi fletptg, after 
 betn 23ruber ifi nod) fleiptger ; Srtebrtcfy iji ber fletfngfie* 
 ©life ift imfcr fd)i>nfieg Stub* SSBtl^elnt ifi euer treuefter 
 Sfreunb* £)er reicfyfie Wlami ifi md)t immer ber ^ufrte* 
 benfte* 2)er armfte 9JJann iji iud)t immer ber imgludlidjfie* 
 
 42. 
 Frederic is more diligent than Charles, but 
 Henry is the most diligent. Louisa is younger 
 than Emily, but Mathilda is the youngest. This 
 poor man is happier than your (1) rich friend. (The) 
 iron is the most useful metal. William is stronger 
 than Paul, but Lewis is the strongest. Your town 
 is more beautiful than ours. Your garden is larger 
 than ours, but this garden is the largest. Your house 
 is smaller than this house, but ours is the smallest. 
 
 43. 
 
 fetn, feme, fern, his. 
 ifjr, ttjre, tfjr, her. 
 bte SDdtrte, the lady. bte greunbm, the friend (female), 
 
 bee ^ittfdjer, the coachman. 
 
— 42 — 
 
 Der ffiater unb fein ©afm. Der SSater unb feine 
 Softer* Die Sautter unb t$r ©o^n* Unfer Onlet unb 
 fein 33ruber> Unfer Dnlel unb feine ©cfyrcejler* Die 
 £ante unb tljr fteiner 5Jejfe. Die £ante unb i^re Heine 
 9tid)te* $arl unb fein junger Sfreunb* Coutfe unb tfyre 
 }unge gteunbim Diefer #err unb fein neuer $utfd)en 
 Diefe Dame unb i^re alte yjlaofc* 9JMn greunb ift 
 traurtg; fein iitngfter 33ruber ifl feljr frant SWeine 
 greunbin tji fe^r gluctlicfy ; u)r attejter SSruber unb il;re 
 juttjjfte ©cljftejter fmb |ier* 
 
 44. 
 
 My uncle and his son. My uncle and his 
 daughter. My aunt and her brother. My aunt 
 and her sister. This gentleman and his nephew. 
 This gentleman and his niece. This lady and her 
 coachman. This lady and her maid-servant. This 
 woman and her little child. Charles and his old 
 father. Charles and his good mother. Emily and 
 her rich uncle. Emily and her blind aunt. Ma- 
 thilda is very sad ; her father and mother are sick. 
 
 45. 
 
 Singular. Plural, 
 
 bet' £tfdj, the table; bte £ifd)e, the tables, 
 
 bcr ©tufjl, the chair; tie <Stitf)(e, the chairs, 
 
 bte ©tabt, the town; bte ©tabte, the towns. 
 
— 43 — 
 
 bie SRadjt, the night. bte ©cutb, the hand, 
 
 ber §ut, the hat, bonnet. ber ,3 a fy n / ^ ie tooth. 
 bet* ©trumpf, the stocking. ber $uf$, the foot, 
 ber SBrlcf, the letter. ber ©djulj, the shoe, 
 
 bte 9)?au3, the mouse. 
 Observation. — Many nouns of one syllable take in the plural 
 the termination t t and change tt, 0, It, Oil into 0, 6, it, «Ut. 
 
 •Da$ 5)ferb, bie $ferbe* Der ©oljn, Me @M)ne* 
 Der greunb, bte gfreunbe* Die Sftacfyt, bte 5Rd(^te. Der 
 £ut, bte Jpiite* Die £anb, bte £anbe* Der 3^k, Me 
 Sctfjne* Der ©trumpf, bie ©trumpfe* Der Sup, bte 
 guge* Der*23rief, bte Sriefe* Der 9ting, bie Stinge* 
 Die SMagb, bie SKSgbe* Der Sfrgt, bie SCerste. Die 
 SWaud, bie SKaufc* — Der @d&u$, bie @<§u$e* Der 
 £unb, bie £unbe, 
 
 46. 
 
 fur*;, short. geftertt, yesterday. 
 
 rein, clean. je£t, now. 
 
 toetg, white. ^artS, Paris, 
 
 toctrm, warm. bonbon, London. 
 
 ba§ ftnb, these are. 
 
 Observation. — The determinative adjectives btefer, tttcirt, bcttt, 
 fctn, unfer &c. have in the plural the termination C : btefe, tlieine, 
 unfere &c. 
 
 Unfere ©Bfme ftnb feljr fletjng* Unfere 5Mgbe fmb 
 franf* Dtefe Stifle jlnb feljr Hcitu Das @ifen unb ba$ 
 ©i!6er ftnb TOetafte* $arte unb Sonbon fmb ©tabte* 
 Die $)ferbe ftnb nii£ltd)er, ate bie £unbe* Die 9Md)te 
 
— 44 — 
 
 ftnb }e£t frf)t lur^ Sucre ^flte ftnb feljr grojl $arl, 
 betne £anbe ftnb nitfyt rein. Souife, betne 3Sf;ne flnb 
 tridjt weij?* ©tnb ba$ betne ©trumpfe, SKat^ilbe? 9Mn, 
 Gutter, ba$ ftnb nidjt metne ©trihnpfe* grtebrtcfy, ftnb 
 has betne @$u§e ? 31ein, SWuttcr, bas ftnb ntd)t metne 
 ©d)ul;e. 9Reine.£cinbe mb git^e ftnb fef)r n>arnu SQo 
 fmb meine SRtngc mtb metne 33rtefe? £ier ftnb betne 
 SRtnge, nnb bet ftnb aud) beine 23riefe* 
 
 47. 
 Charles and Henry are my friends. Horses and 
 dogs are useful. Frederic, there are your (1) stock- 
 ings and shoes. "Where are our hats and rings? 
 Your letters are not here. My sons are ill. These 
 towns are very large and beautiful. The nights 
 are still very short. My hands and feet are very 
 cold. Your maid-servants are young, but your 
 gardener and your coachman are very old. 
 
 48. 
 
 ba$ Metb, tlie dress, the gown. ba$ @;d)ToJ3, the castle. 
 
 ba§ SBatib, the ribbon. ba.8 3)orf, the village. 
 
 ba$ @fa8, the glass. ba$ £od}, the hole. 
 
 baS £>cwS, the house. bct8 SBf att, the leaf. 
 
 ba% 23udj, the book. bcr SBurnt, the worm. 
 
 baS $inb, the child. bcr 2Mb, the forest, the wood. 
 
 bd§ (St, the egg. bcr Wlaim, the man. 
 Observation. — A number of monosyllabic nouns form the plural 
 
 by adding it, modifying a, 0, U, ait into a, tf, it, M, 
 
— 45 — 
 
 £>as tfletb, bte flletber* £>a$ Scrnb, bte Sanber, 
 3) as ©las, bte ©lafer. 2)as £aus, bte £aufer* £)a$ 
 2$tt<$, bte Sitter. £>as tfinb, bte £tnber* 2)a$ ©dfylog, 
 tie ©cpffer* £)as 2)orf, bte JDSrfer* £>as Slatt, bte 
 flatter. £)er SButnt, bte SBurmet* £>er SBalb, bte 
 SBalber* £)er 9Hcmn, bte banner* £>a$ @i> bte gicr* 
 £>a$ 80$, bte SiJdjet* 
 
 49- 
 
 Ijodj, high. toertoetft, withered, 
 
 fdjmufcig, dirty. grim, green. 
 
 Ijapdj, ugly. tttdjt meljr, no more, 
 
 atte, all; ttodj ntdjt, not yet. 
 
 SJietne 2Stl#er fmb feljr nufclid)* Unfere Stnber ftttb 
 Irani Seine ittetber finb f$mu£tg, ©mtlte* Wit btefe 
 ©lafer ftnb nid)t rein* JCtefc 2)Srfer fmb fel)r grog* 
 2)tefe ®(^16tTer finb fefyr fdjihn SDtcfe 23anber ftnb fur 
 2Rat$ttbe* 2Die SBatber ftnb ntt&t me$r grim* Sttfe 
 ©latter ftnb fd^mt tterttelft Site btefe £aufer ftnb $$ty. 
 3)tefe banner ftnb fefjr pari* 2>ie SBitrmer fmb $fipttd&* 
 
 50. 
 
 My ribbons are very fine. Our children are 
 very diligent. Your dresses are not dirty. These 
 glasses are not clean. These leaves are already 
 withered. These men are stronger than we. All 
 worms are ugly. These houses are not high. The 
 
— 46 — 
 
 woods are not yet green. These books are very 
 useful. All these villages are very beautiful. 
 
 51. 
 
 bcr ©cfjnetber, the tailor. ber (Spiegel, the mirror. 
 
 bev <Sd)ul)mad)er, the shoemaker. ber ©ttefel, the boot, 
 
 ber -Staliener, the Italian. ber Soffef, the spoon, 
 
 ber (Snqtanber, the Enghshman. bte ©abet, the fork. 
 
 ba8 genfter, the window. bte jftabel, the needle. 
 
 b<\$ dimmer, the room. ba3 9#abd]en, the girl 
 
 faut, lazy; gu, too. 
 
 Obseevation. — Masculine and neuter nouns ending in tX, el, t\\ 
 have, generally, the same termination in the plural, some changing the 
 radical vowels U, 0, It into tt, fl, it. 
 
 Feminine nouns ending in tt, t\ take tt in the plural, except 
 Gutter, abutter; Softer, fcfidjter. 
 
 SSJMne SSrtiber ftnb aUt Irani* SSJietnc ©djtoejfern 
 ftnb atfe ftetjng* £)tefe Cojfel fmb nid)t rein* Dtefc 
 SWcflfcr nnb ©afceln ftnb and) ntdjt rein. SBo fmb meine 
 Stiver nnb meine gebern ? 2Co fmb meine @d)nt)e nnb 
 meine ©tiefel ? Unfere ©dfyneiber nnb @d)u$madjer fmb 
 arm* Snere £ante nnb if)re Softer fmb fuer* SDtefe 
 Gutter ftnb fefyr tranrig; i^re Mnber fmb Irani S)iefe 
 £dnfer nnb btefe ®drten ftnb fe^r fdjSru @inb bas beine 
 SJtabeht, Eontfe? 3Mn, bas fmb nid^t meine Sftabeln* 
 Stnb biefe banner Statiener? 9Wn, e$ (they) ftnb 
 (gn^lanber* 2)iefe Sftdbdjen ftnb fetyr ar% (£nere 3tm* 
 mer ftnb feljr fdjSn, afcer bte genfter fmb gn $&fyl 
 
— 41 — 
 
 52. 
 
 Your sons and daughters are very happy. Our 
 fathers and mothers are contented. These Italians 
 and Englishmen are very rich. Where are our 
 spoons and forks ? Here are your spoons and forks, 
 and there are also your knives. These needles are 
 very good. Your (1) pens are too small. Charles, 
 vour (1) boots and shoes are very dirty. Your rooms 
 are always clean. My brothers and sisters are ill. 
 These girls are not ugly. 
 
 53. 
 
 ber £i)toe, the Hon. ber Sftuffe, tne Bussian. 
 
 bet §afe, the hare. bcr Srangofc, tnfi Frenchman. 
 
 bte 9£atte, the rat. bcr 2)eutfdje, the German. 
 
 ber $nafce, the boy. ber $reuge, the Prussian. 
 
 bte ^tvdje, the church. bte ^ffottme, the plum. 
 
 bte <5d)ule, the school. bte ©trage, the street, 
 
 ber Sfyfet, the apple; ber £tger, the tiger; furdjtfam, timid, afraid; 
 ItebenSttiurbtg, amiable; tapfer, brave; kffer, better. 
 
 Observation. — Nouns ending in t take tt in the plural. The 
 pronouns bcr metntge, mtfrtge &c. follow the same rule. 
 
 S)ie Somen ftnb fefjt jlari S)te Somen ftnb ftarfer, 
 ate bte £tger* S)te £afen ftnb fe$r furcfytfanu 2)te 
 £a|en ftnb falfd^ Die SKchtfe ftnb Hetner, ate bte 
 fatten. 3)te gran^ofen ftnb lieknsmttrbtger, ate bte 
 fRuffett. 3)te $reuj5m ftnb fe$r tapfer. £)te £)eutf$en 
 ftnb trcu unb fletjttfl* 2)iefe Snakn unb btefe 9Mbd)en 
 
— 48 — 
 
 ftnb fef)t munter* STOcinc Slumctt flnb fd)6ner, ate He 
 betmgetu 5Dcme Slufgatcn fmb Ieid)ter, afe bie mehugetu 
 Unfere Sthtym ftnb griper, ate bie eurigen* ©uere ©d)u= 
 len ftnb fcefier, ate bte tmfrtgetu Diefe ©trctpen fmb fe^r 
 fcrett, fcretter, ate bte xtnfrtgen* £ier fmb $flaumen fur 
 Emilte, unb ba fmb Stepfel fitr 2Rat$tfoe* 
 
 54. 
 
 (The) rats are larger than (the) mice. (The) 
 dogs are more useful than (the) cats. (The) tigers 
 are not so strong as (the) lions. These boys are 
 my brothers. These girls are my sisters. The 
 Germans and the French are brave. My flowers 
 are not so beautiful as yours (1) . Your (1) books are 
 better than mine. These are not your hats, they (c8) 
 are ours. These are not our stockings, they are 
 yours. Your (1) friends and mine are Germans. 
 Your (1) sisters are more amiable than ours. Our 
 exercises are as easy as yours. 
 
 55. 
 
 bte ©tunbe, the hour. bte $trfdje, the cherry, 
 
 bte ©djtoal&e, the swallow, angctteljm, pleasant, agreeable. 
 Observation. — Adjectives, preceded by the definite article, or by 
 biefer, mem, bem, feirt &e. take It or Ctt in the plural. 
 
 Die reidjen Sfreunbe* Die grojjen ©tdbte* Die 
 fleittctt Dorfer. Die angeneljmen ©tunbeiu Die fcfyfinen 
 
— 49 — 
 
 £aufer* SJMne guten @5§ne unb £6djter* Deine guten 
 Dnlel unb lantern Unfere fleipigen 5Mgbe* <£uere 
 fdfyonen Sird)en unb ©d)ulen* Die Breiten ©ttapen. 
 ®fe futdjtfamen £afen> Die falfd)en $a£en* D>e 
 trcuen £unbe* ^Dtefe gropen ©ptegeL Diefe nu^licfyen 
 23ud)er+ Diefe ftanfen £inber* SWetne neuen Sleiber* 
 Deine altcn ©tiefet- Diefe munteren Snafcen, Die 
 erften ©djwalfceiu Die Ie£ten $irfd)en* 
 
 56. 
 
 btc (Snte, the duck. bxe SRofe, the rose, 
 
 bie <§ton$, the goose. bie STufye, the tulip, 
 
 bie grudjt, the fruit. §eru 9?., Mr. N. 
 
 Obseevation. — "When the adjective is not preceded by any de- 
 terminative word, it takes t in the plural. 
 
 , Die Snten unb ©dnfe fmb gto£e SBflgeL Die ?6men 
 unb £iget ftnb jiatle £$iere* Die 2Bitrmet fmb tydfc 
 ltd)e Ztytxu 3>arte unb Sonbcn ftnb fc^fine ©tabte* 
 £einrid) unb Start ftnb treue greunbe* Souife unb 
 9ttatf)ilbe ftnb lieknSttitrbige SMabdjetu ©uere ©M;ne 
 unb £M)ter ftnb fteifnge ^inber. Sifen unb ©ilfcer 
 ftnb nitfclidje WlttaUt. Sirfdfyen unb $flaumen ftnb 
 angene^me Sritcfyte* Subttng unb SBil^elm ftnb mun* 
 tere Snafcen* £err ??♦ unb £err ©♦ ftnb gefdjulte 2terjte* 
 Die 9?ofen unb £ulpen ftnb fcfyone Slumetu 
 
— 50 — . 
 
 57. 
 
 (The) dogs are faithful animals. (The) horses 
 are useful animals. Henry and Lewis are good 
 children. Charles and William are naughty boys. 
 Paris and London are large cities. The good fathers 
 and the good mothers. My little brothers and my 
 little sisters. These beautiful castles and gardens. 
 The large towns and the large streets. The brave 
 Germans and the amiable French. The skilful 
 physicians. The poor tailors. White teeth and 
 warm hands. The modest girls. The lazy children. 
 
 58. 
 
 id) Ijafce, I have; totr fjaften, we have; 
 
 bu l)aft, you have (thou hast); tfyr fyctbt, you have; 
 
 er f)dt, he has; fie Ija&eit, they have, 
 
 btc 2>mte, the ink. 
 
 Observation. — The accusative of fern, and neut. nouns is like 
 the nominative. 
 
 3$ J)crte bets Sufy ©u $afl btc geber* $ a rl $at 
 Me SMnte* Sranj Ijat bit SWeffer* 2Btr fyabm ba$ 
 spferb* Sljr Ijafct btc $a|e* 3Keme iBritber $aUn btc 
 £ufye tmb bic SJofe* 3$ §a&e eutSudj* 2)u § aft erne 
 geber* Smtltc §at cine ©afceL 2Bt%Im J)at cm $ferb* 
 2Bit fjafcen cine <3cfymefier* $afct t$r em£au3? 3$ 
 |ak bent 23ucfy* S)u $ajt tncine gfeber* Souifc $at betne 
 Dinle* Sranj t)at mettt Sfteffer* 2Cir Ifjafcen citer $ferb* 
 
— 51 — 
 
 3^r fyabt uttfere i?a£e* 3$ Ijabe ein gutes $ud^ 2)u 
 ^afl eine gute geber* $arl fjat tmmer gute £>tnte* 2Btr 
 tyakn eine gute Gutter unb eine reidfye £ante* S|| tya&t 
 ein fdjones ©dfyfojl £einridj J)at eine f<$5nc Slume* 
 ©opfyie §at eine kfd^eibene ©ctyroefter* 
 
 59. 
 
 I have a needle. You (1) have a pen. Emily 
 has a knife. We have a cat. You have a horse. 
 My brothers have a rose and a tulip. I have not 
 the fork. You (1) have not the knife. Lewis has not 
 got the ink. We have not the pen. You have not 
 got the book. My sisters have not got the cat. 
 Have you (1) a sister, Henry ? Yes, I have a good 
 sister. Has Emily a good mother ? Yes, she has a 
 very good mother. William has a fine flower. This 
 gentleman has a beautiful castle. 
 
 60. 
 
 ber 2)td)ter, the poet. ber Wafyhav, the neighbor, 
 
 ber $tinjtfer, the artist. Beriiljmt, famous. 
 
 Diet, much; mete, many; toer ? who ? 
 Observation. — The accusative plural of all nouns is like the 
 nominative plural. 
 
 3$ f)ate $ferbe unb £unbe+ £>u Jjajt hk (Snten unb 
 bie ©anfe* 8ub»tg tyat $irfdjen unb spflaumeiu SQBtr 
 
- 52 — 
 
 i)abm bte £iite unb bie 23dnber* 3^r Ija6t bte Soffel 
 unb bte ©aMn* 9Keine @d}»eftertt f)afcen bie ©lafet unb 
 bie gflafcfyen* 2Ber $at meine ©c^u^e unb meine ©tiefel ? 
 £aj? bu meine Silver unb meine gebern ? $at Souife 
 betne 9?abeln? Unfer Dnfel $at fcpne £aufer unb 
 ©cittern 3$r $afa fleifnge <Si3J)ne unb Zbtykx* 3)ie 
 Sran^ofen f)aien gefdjidte Sterne. S)ie £)eutfdjen Ijaien 
 gto£e 2)idjter* £akn bie (£ngldnber fceru^mte Sunjiler ? 
 Unfer Sftad^ar Ijat »ielc timber* £aji bu no$ t>iele 
 SSfigel unb SSIumen ? £at £einridj nocfj »tele $reunbe? 
 gmilie |at Heine £anbe unb fteipe 3d^ne^ $ati$ unb 
 Sonbmt Ijakn fcfyone @tra§en* 
 
 61. 
 
 neither ... nor, toeber. • .ttodj. 
 
 I have neither the bread nor the meat, id) Ija&e toeber ba$ SBrob 
 nod) ba$ ftteifdj. 
 
 I have the roses and (the) tulips. You (1) have 
 the spoons and forks. Lewis has the knives. We 
 have ducks and geese. You have horses and dogs. 
 Henry and "William have the flowers and fruits. 
 I have not your (1) books. You (1) have not got my 
 pens. We have neither the bottles nor the glasses. 
 You have neither our hats nor our ribbons. These 
 boys have neither the apples nor the plums. 
 
— 53 — 
 62. 
 
 gefauft, bought toerloren, lost 
 
 toerfauft, sold. gefimbcn, found. 
 
 gefe^en, seen. genommen, taken, 
 
 toctrum, why. 
 
 Obseevation. — The past participle is detached from the auxiliary 
 and placed at the end of the sentence. 
 
 3d) l)abt bas JDotf unb bte ©tabt gefefem £aft 
 bu bte gfeber unb bas papier genommen ? Unfer Dnlet 
 l)at fein £aus unb fein $ferb serfauft $arl l^at feme 
 UI;r yerloten. SMatfytlbe Jjat tfyre Sfreunbht setloren. 
 2Btr Ijafcen ein fdjones 23ucfy gefauft £afct tt)r btefe 
 Suffer unb ©afceln gefauft? 2Bo Ijait u)r bas ©las 
 unb bte glafcfye gefunben? SBer f)at metne £)inte ge* 
 nommen? 3$ fyafce betne £)tnte ntcfyt genommem SBarum 
 l)at euer Dnfel biefes fd)6ne ©c^lo^ ntc^t gefauft ? £aft 
 bu metne £ante unb meine ©deeper nicfyt gefeljen? 
 9?ein, id) fyafce foeber betne £ante nod) betne ©djfoeftet 
 gefe^en* 
 
 63. 
 
 I have lost my Ibook and* pen. Charles, have 
 you (1) found my book ? No, I have not found 
 your (1) book. Where is my needle ? Louisa, have 
 you a) taken my needle ? No, I have not taken 
 your (1) needle. Emily has lost her mother ; she 
 is very unhappy. Why have you sold your horse ? 
 
— 54 ' 
 
 We have not sold our horse. Has your uncle bought 
 this beautiful castle? Yes, my dear. Where have 
 you bought this fine paper and these good pens? 
 Henry and Lewis have not yet seen our town. My 
 uncle has sold all his birds and flowers; we have 
 also sold ours. 
 
 64. 
 
 bcr fctnige, his. 
 
 ber tljrtcje, hers. 
 
 gcfudjt, looked for; ljubfd), pretty. 
 
 £at Sari metne $eber, ober tic feinige genommen? 
 $ at £ehmdj mem SWeffer, obex ba$ femtge genommen? 
 SWat^ilbe $at metne U|r unb bie ilmge »crIorctt* Smtlte 
 $at mein $Tetb unb bas i^rige gefucfyt SBir tjaBen euete 
 greunbe unb bie unfrigen gefefjem 3$ ijctfc metne 23itd)er 
 unb bie beintgen gefunben. 23er Ijat atXe btefe 85ffel unb 
 ©akin gefauft ? Unfer ©artner ^at afte feme 23lumen 
 Detlauft £>tefe Sanber fmb Ijufcf^er, afe bie beintgen. 
 £)eine SRofen ftnb tyufcfcfyer, ate bie unfrigetu Unfere 
 SMber ftnb alter, ate bie eurtgen* (£uere <3$tt>efkrn ftnb 
 Junger, ate bie unfrtgetu 
 
 65. 
 
 Henry has lost my book and his. Louisa has 
 lost my knife and pens. William has found my pen 
 and his. Mathilda has found my stockings and hers. 
 
— 55 — 
 
 Charles has looked for your (1) watch and his. Ma- 
 thilda has looked for our sister and hers. My 
 flowers are prettier than yours (1) . Your (1) ribbons 
 are prettier than mine. Our houses are larger than 
 yours, but your gardens are more beautiful than 
 ours. Are your sisters older than ours ? No, they 
 are not older. 
 
 66. 
 
 1 etn§. 
 
 11 elf. 
 
 2 JttJCU 
 
 12 gttotf. 
 
 3 bret. 
 
 13 bmjeljtt. 
 
 4 bier. 
 
 14 tjter$ef)tt. 
 
 5 fiinf. 
 
 15 ffinferijii. 
 
 6 fedjS. 
 
 16 fed]$ef)tt. 
 
 1 fteben. 
 
 17 fieb^c^n. 
 
 8 a$t 
 
 18 adjt^eljtt. 
 
 9 tieun. 
 
 19 ntunpfyn. 
 
 10 jcljtt. 
 
 20 ffoavfa. 
 
 ba% 3a\)X, the year. 
 
 btc 2Bod^e, the week. 
 
 ber 2flottat, the month. 
 
 ber £ag, the day. 
 
 hue alt, how old? 
 
 Unfer Watyhax Ijat fiinf ^tnber, bret <56ljne unb gftet 
 Sifter. 2>as Sa^r ^at g»5If donate. £)er Wlomt 
 $at irier SBodjen* S)te $&otyt Jjat ftefcen £age. 2Bte alt 
 Kllbtt? 3d? iva acfyt Sa^te alt. SJteine ©differ tji 
 $eljn Sa^tc alt SBir fyafcen gn>ei $ferbe, bret Slafytn unb 
 &ier £unbe* $arl ^at brei ©djweftern unb »tcr SBrtiber. 
 SUtein SSater $at jttWf Sebern unb brei SDleffer gelauft 
 
— 56 — 
 
 2Btr $akn Sttet $aribt unb jwci gttpe* Unfet ©artner 
 $at fe<$$ ©titylc gelauft 
 
 67. 
 
 How old are you (1) , my dear? I am seven years 
 old. My little sister is not yet six years old. Is 
 your (1) father old ? No, my father is not old. My 
 mother is still younger than he. Our uncle has 
 many children ; he has five sons and four daughters. 
 We have bought fifteen ducks and twelve geese. 
 Our gardener has sold sixteen tulips and twenty 
 roses. Charles has taken a knife, two forks and 
 three spoons. 
 
 68. 
 
 Nominative. Accusative, 
 
 ber Steter, ben better, the father, 
 
 btefer Mann, btefctt Wlaxm, this man. 
 
 ertjaltett, received. bcr ©toe!, the stick, the cane, 
 
 gefdjriefcett, written. ber $omg, the king, 
 
 getefen, read. btc $omgm, the queen, 
 
 oft, often. 
 
 Obseevation. — Determinative words preceding a masculine noun 
 in the accusative singular have the termination CU. 
 
 3dj fyabt ben $5ntg unb Me $&ntgm gefeljen* £a|i 
 bu ben SSrtef unb has 33udj er^alten ? SD^ein $ater §at 
 bm ©artett unb bas £aus serfauft grtebric^ Ijat ben 
 <Sto& unb bie Ul;r serloren* Stnilte Ijat ben 3?ing nidjt 
 
— 51 — 
 
 gefunben* SBet tyat biefen £unb unb btefe $age gefauft ? 
 3$ Jjak biefen 9Jiann unb btefe grew oft gefeljen. SBo 
 §afct i^r biefen fd)6nen ©piegel gefauft ? £afct t^r fcfyon 
 ben 3^ein unb bie 2)onau gefet;en? ffio ^at £ehmdj 
 biefen £tfcfy unb biefen <Stul)l genommen? 2Ber Ijat 
 biefen 33rief gefcfyriefcen? SBet f)at biefen £ut oerloren ? 
 
 69, 
 
 Nominative. Accusative. 
 
 em (Garten, einen @arten, a garden. 
 
 litem §imb, meinen §nnb, my dog. 
 
 3$ ^ate einen Srief erfjalten* 2Bir Ijakn einen 
 fcfyonen ©arten unb ein f$6nes £aus gefeljen* ^pait i^r 
 f$on einen £iger gefeljen? SBer Ijat nteine ® at el unb 
 meinen Soffel genommen? £ajt bu beinen £unb unb 
 beinen SSogel oerfauft? 2Bilf)elm §at feinen ©tod unb 
 feine Uf)r sertorem 9JiatljiIbe I;at ifjren SRtng nocfy nidjt 
 gefunben. ©tefe atme $rau Ijat atte il;te $inbet uerbren* 
 S)etnc £ante $at meinen 23rief rtic^t gelefen* 3$* feib 
 glMlidje Sinber; i^r IjaBt einen guten Sater unb eine 
 gute SWutter* 2Bir finb audj glutftidj ; ton t>a$tn einen 
 veid^en Dnlel unb einc reicfye £ante* (Emitie ijl ein |ifc* 
 fd^es SDtabcfyen; fte §at eine Heine £anb unb einen fieinen 
 gup* SBtr ^afcen unfeten greunb gftiebridj serloren* 
 $abt tfjr eueten Sruber unb euere ©cfytoefter gefunben? 
 9Mn, loir $aUn unferen Sruber utio unfere ©$mej!et 
 nidjt gefunberu 
 
— 58 — 
 
 70. 
 
 ber (Sdjmncr, the joiner; bte- 53trnc, the pear; cj&fcradjt, brought. 
 I have written a letter to-day. Have you (1) read 
 niy letter, Emily? No, I have not read your (1) 
 letter. I have lost a shoe, and my brother has lost 
 a boot. Our joiner has brought a table and a chair. 
 I have seen your (1) little brother and your (1) little 
 sister. We have a very skilful physician. Charles 
 and Lewis have received a pretty ring and a beauti- 
 ful watch. Mr. Smith has brought this stick for 
 Lewis. "William has lost his friend. We have lost 
 our uncle and aunt. My mother has lost her brother 
 and sister. Where have you found this apple and 
 this pear ? Have you already seen the king ? No, 
 we have not yet seen the king, but we have seen 
 the queen. 
 
 I 71. 
 
 ba§ (Stfiitf, the happiness, the ba§ ©efdjdft, the business, 
 
 good luck. fas SBermogett, the fortune. 
 
 ba§ Ungtucf, the misfortune. eljcma(g, formerly. 
 
 ba§ SBergnugen, the pleasure. ge^abt, had. 
 
 gemadjt, made, done. 
 
 3$ J)a6e etnen guten greunb geljafct £)u $aji tmmer 
 gute greunbe gel)a6t ftarl $at meinen ©tod getyait 
 3$ ^afce beinen SRtng imb beine U!jr ntdjt geljafct ^pa6t 
 i$t inel 23ergnugen getyafct, $htber? 3ct, SBtutter, roit 
 
 
— 59 — 
 
 fyabtn sitel SSergnilgen get;a6t SDiefc Thibet Ijakn inet 
 UnglM cje^abt; fte t;akn tljten Setter unb t^re Sautter 
 serlorem Unfer 9?ad;I>ar l;at biefes 3a^r inele $fkumen 
 unb fittfd^cn getya&t 2Bir tyafcen btefe 2Bc$e $etyn 23riefe 
 er^alten* £>tefer £err Ijat em groped SSermBgen getyatt; 
 er Ijat atfe feme £aufer unh ©cirten uerlauft unb ifi je&t 
 ein armer SJKamu 
 
 72. 
 
 Befdjafttgt, busy, occupied. 
 
 I have had good luck ; I have found a watch and 
 a ring. Charles has had much pleasure j he has 
 seen his father and mother. Who has had my hat 
 and cane ? Henry has had your (1) hat, and Lewis 
 has had your (1) cane. Have you had many apples 
 and pears this year ? Yes, my dear, we have had 
 many apples and pears. My brothers have always 
 had good friends. We have received many letters 
 to-day ; we are very busy. 
 
 73. 
 
 gctoefen, been. angefommen, arrived. 
 
 cmSgegcmgen, gone out. 
 td) bin gettefen, I have been, 
 er ift cmgefommett, he has arrived, 
 fte finb cmSgegcmgen, they have gone out. 
 gatty whole, aU ; ben ganjert £ag, the whole day, all day. 
 tt)tc Ictttge, how long? in, in. 
 grew 9?., Mrs. N. fcei ftrcm 9?., at Mrs. N.'s. 
 
— GO — 
 
 3d) Un bte gcm^e SBocfye ftcmf getsefem £)u fctjl 
 immer mein greunb gefoefeiu SBtlljelm ifi l)iet gettefen* 
 28ir fmb immer pfrieben gemefetu SBo feib u)t gewefen? 
 SWetne 23ruber (tub nidjt ausgegctngen; fte ftnb ten gan^en 
 £ag \d)x l&efcfyaftigt gcn>cfen* Srtebrid) unb Submig fmb 
 in $ari$ unb gonboit gewefhu 3f)t feib in ^Berlin ge* 
 n>efen ; fyabt fyx audj text Sonig gefeljen? 3a, Nit $afcen 
 ben $6nig unb bie £Mgtn gefeljen* 2Ber ifi Ijeute $ier 
 gemefen? £err 9>etcre ifi angelommen; er $ at ein $5xt<fy 
 fiir £einridj gefctacfyt itarl, bu Bift nicfyt fletfng gemefen; 
 bu fyajt beine Stufgakn no$ nidjt gemadjt 3$ Bin M 
 $rau 9?ober gettefen ; fte ifi eine feljr Iteknsnmrbtge gfrau* 
 SBie lange Bift bu in Sftabrib gefoefen ? 3$ Un btet 
 donate ba gett>efen* 
 
 74. 
 
 $o|)ftoe§, headache ; ber ©trcmfj, the nosegay, the bouquet. 
 Are you (1) ill, Henry ? Yes, I have had (a) 
 headache all day. Where is your (1) brother ? He 
 has gone out ; he has been very busy to-day. Has 
 he already been in Versailles? No, he has not 
 yet been there. We have been at Mrs. Bender's ; 
 she is a very good lady. How long have you been 
 in London? We have been there four weeks. 
 Who has been here ? Our gardener has been here ; 
 he has brought a pretty nosegay for Mathilda. 
 
— 61 — 
 
 Have you been diligent, children ? Yes, father, we 
 have been very diligent. 
 
 75. 
 
 m. f. n. 
 Nominative: bev, bte, ba§, the. 
 Dative: bem, ber, bent, to the. 
 ber 33ater, the father; bte gutter, the mothar; 
 
 bem better, to the father. ber gutter, to the mother. 
 ba$ $mb, the child; 
 bem $mbe, to the child. 
 e§ getjort, it belongs. gelteljen, lent, 
 
 fie gefyorett, they belong. gecjeben, given, 
 
 toerfprodjen, promised. 9 c S e ^3^ shown. 
 
 Observation. — 1) btefer is declined like the definite article. 
 2) Most masc. and neut. nouns of one syllable take t in the dative 
 singular. 3) The dative generally precedes the accusative. 
 
 £>iefer $ut $el)5rt bem ©artner. £)iefes SDieffer 
 ge^ort ber 3tta$b. £)tefes fd)5ne £au$ cjel)6rt bem Str^te. 
 liefer gro£e £unb geljBrt bem 9?acfy6ar, 3$ t)cifce bem 
 £)nfel unb ber £ante gefefyrtefcn. SBtr l)afcen bem Stnbe 
 emeu SSogel serfprocljem SSer t)at biefem fiinbe etnen 
 Styfel gegefcen ? 3d) ^aie biefem SManne unb btefer Srau 
 unfern ©arten ge^etgt 2Btr f)at>en btefer Dame em 
 Sud) $eltel)en* 2Btr tyaten biefem 2Mb$en etnen l)ii6* 
 fd)en ©traug gegeien. Unfer Setter I)at bem 9lad)6ar 
 em $ferb serfauft $arl tyat biefem ©ngldnber afte 
 feme £%el tterfauft 
 
— 62 — 
 
 76. 
 
 ber gmgerljut, the thimble. ber $Kegenfd)trm, the umbrella, 
 
 ber Scaler, the (German) dollar. 
 
 Observation. — em, mem, bem, &c. have in the dative singular 
 the same terminations as the definite article: ehtem, etner, ehtem &c. 
 
 £)iefes @$lof} gc^Srt einem Staliener* £)tefe 23ud)er 
 gel)5ren meinem 23ruber> S)iefe ©tritmpfe gepren meiner 
 ©djroefter* 3$ fyabt beinem greunbe eine geber geliel)en+ 
 SWciii Dnlel l;at unferem Stadjfcar ein $ferb serfauft 
 Souife l)at t^rer greunbin einett gtngerfmt geltetyeru $arl 
 l)at.feinem £)nfel einett 23rief gefdfyriekn* 2Bir fyaBen 
 unferer Zantt einett fmbfd^en ©traup gegekn* Styr Ijctfct 
 euerer 9)?agb brei Scaler gegefcen* 2Ber fjat unferer 
 flutter ^m fd)5nen 8ftng uerfauft ? SOBer fyat euerer 
 &od)ter bie pfefd^en Sdnber gegekn ? SBer l)at beinem 
 greunbe biefen ©tod geliefyen? 
 
 77. 
 
 ba§ SBrot, the bread; ge&et, give. 
 Observation. — Adjectives preceded by one of the determinative 
 words ber, biefer, ein, mein &c. have in the dative the termination Clt. 
 
 ©efcet biefem fletnen SJtabc^m eine f)u6f$e 23lume* 
 3$ §abt unferer alteit 9Jlagb ein neues $leib gegekn* 
 2£ir t)akn unferem liefcen £>nfel eitten 23rief gefcfyriekn* 
 $arl l)at biefem armen 9)tanne bas Srot gegefcen* Smilte 
 Jjat ifyrer guten Gutter dritn tytibfcfyen ©traup gegefcen* 
 2Bir ^aien beinem Jleinen Sruber einen ©tocf gelteljen* 
 
— 63 — 
 
 Sfteine SWutter §at betner lletnen ©djwejlet etn $ft6fdjee 
 2knb serfprocfyen* SWein SSater Ijat euetem retd)en 9la^ 
 6ar etn $fetb »erlauft $rau 3Wber $at bet fleincn 
 Couife erne Uljt: gegekn. SGBir l)at>en btefem armen 
 $mbe em SSudj gelte^etu ©icfes SWeffer ge^iJtt bem alten 
 ©artner* SMefe SRabeln gel)5ren ber fletnen Smilte* 
 
 78. 
 
 toem, to whom ? 
 This beautiful castle belongs to the king. This 
 fine horse belongs to the queen. To whom have 
 you (1) given your (1) bread, Charles ? I have given 
 my bread to this poor man. To whom have you (1) 
 lent your (1) umbrella ? I have lent my umbrella 
 to this old lady. To whom has your brother sold 
 all his flowers? He has sold all his flowers to a 
 rich Englishman. To whom have you shown our 
 garden ? We have shown our garden to our neigh- 
 bor. Have you written a letter to your physician ? 
 Yes, we have written a letter to our physician. 
 Henry has promised a new book to his brother. 
 Emily has given a pretty ribbon to her sister. 
 
 79. 
 
 Nominative: ber, bte, bct§, the. 
 
 Genitive: be§, ber, beS, of the. 
 ber 33ater, the father; bte Gutter, the mother; 
 
 be3 SSctterS, of the father. ber Sautter, of the mother. 
 
— -64 — 
 
 ba8 $tttb, the child; 
 beg $tttbe8, of the child, 
 bte 9?ad)6arttt, the neighbor (female); ber $a(aft, the palace. 
 Observation. — Most masc. and neut. nouns take § or C§ in the 
 genitive singular. Fern, nouns are, in all cases of the singular, 
 like the nominative. 
 
 £)tefer mam tji ber ©ruber bee ©artnere* £>tefe 
 gran iji bte ©djwefter bee ©$uljma$ere* £)iefee Stub 
 iji ber ©oljn bee ©cfynetbcre* £>ie 9Jiagb bee 3?ad$are 
 tji bie Sftidjte bee ©djretnere* SBir ijafcen ben $alaji bee 
 Siftttge gefeljen* £>te Gutter ber Simtgin ifi angefommetu 
 SDteut SSater $at Un ©arten ber Saute gelauft 3Me 
 ©$roejier ber 9Zadjl>artn iji no$ feljr jung* S)te greunbtn 
 bee £)id)tere iji fef)r liekuemurbtg. S)te genfter btefee 
 £aufee ftnb gu gitfp- £>ie £aufer biefer ©tabt ftnb feljr 
 fdjihn S)te Sinber biefer grrau ftnb atte Irani Unfere 
 ©arten ftnb tyufcfdjer, ale bte ©arten bee 3tr^tee* Unfere 
 Gutter iji alter, ale bie Gutter biefee Sinbee* £>tefer 
 £unb ge^Jrt bent ©o^ne bee SWacpate* 2)tefe Heine 
 Slaty ge^firt bent Sinbe ber 9?a<$6ariiu 
 
 80. 
 ber $aufmatttt, the merchant. 
 
 Observation. — 1) eirt, litem, be tit &c. have in the genitive singular 
 the same terminations as the definite article: etiteS, enter, etrteS &c. 
 2) Adjectives preceded by one of the determinative words ber, biefer, 
 nieixt &c. have in the genitive singular the termination Ctt. 
 
 £)iefer Sinabt ifi ber ©ofyn einee Saufmanne* S)tcfc 
 £>ame ifi bie Zofyttx einee. 2tr$tee* Sari iji ber greunb 
 
r- 65 — 
 
 memed Sruberd* ©milte ift Me gfreunMn metner ©ctywe* 
 ftei\ £)as £aud unfered 9?acfy6ard ift grBper, aid bad 
 unfrtge, S)tc Smber tmferer £ante fmb fetyt fletptg* 
 Sari tyat tie ^ebern feined 23ruberd tmb fetner ©d)tt>efter 
 genonunetu Sltfc $at bte 9Zabeln u)rer Sfreunbtn ux* 
 loren. £)te ©tra£en euerer ©tabt fmb fcreiter, aid bte 
 ©trafkn unferer ©tabt SBfe Sfenfler euered #attfed fmb 
 ju $odj. ffiBtr tyaten ben le^ten S3rief bemer Gutter ge* 
 lefeiu 2JMn Sater fyat ben ©arten betned Dnfetd gefauft 
 So ift ber ghtgertyut metner fletnen ©d^ejter ? 2So ift 
 ber Stegenfdjtrm metned Sruberd ? £ter t fmfc bte SBitcfyer 
 betned $aterd unb bte Sanber betner 3ftutter+ Soutfe 
 I;at fur bad Stub i|rer ©cfymefter etnen pfcfdjen SScgel 
 gefauft. 
 
 81. 
 
 The books of my father are more useful than 
 yours (1) . The gardener of my uncle is a very 
 skilful man. The sister of my aunt has arrived. 
 The garden of your neighbor is very pretty. Who 
 has bought the house of the physician ? Who has 
 taken the stick of my friend ? Have you seen the 
 palace of the king and queen ? The father of our 
 maid-servant is very poor. Henry has lost the 
 pens of his brother and sister. We have found the 
 little dog of 3 T our friend. Emily has found the rib- 
 
66 
 
 bons of your (female) friend. The child of this poor 
 woman is ill. Lewis is the son of a physician, and 
 Mathilda is the daughter of a rich merchant. 
 
 82. 
 
 Don, of, from, by. 
 Doit ber Stttttter, from the mother. 
 t)0tt bem $mbe, from the child. 
 t)on bem $ater, from the father. 
 t>on metnem SBrnber, from my brother. 
 Don biefem 23ud)e, from this book, 
 Don to em, from whom ? 
 ber $vteg, the war; ber §anbe(, the commerce; ge^orfam, obedient, 
 id) fpredje, I speak; totr foredjen, we speak; totrb gelte&t, is loved, 
 the brother of this child, ber Sntber btefeg $tnbe& 
 we speak of this child, totr fprect)en ton biefem $tnbe. 
 
 2)as ift ba^ 25udj metnem ©rubers* 3$ f>abe biefem 
 23udj son metnem ©ruber er^alten* £>as ftnb bie 9JabeIn 
 metner ©d^toejler* 3dj tyabt btefe 9Zabeln son meiner 
 ©djtoejter erljalten* 95on toem $aji bu biefe ©lumen er* 
 fallen? 3$ ^aBe btefe ©lumen son bem ©ctrtner erl)at 
 ten. ©on tsem fyabt tyx btefen ©arten gelauft? 2Btr 
 fyaben btefen ©arten son bem ©ruber unferes £)nlete 
 gefauft 3$ ftredje son unferem $ontg unb (son) unferer 
 Sontgim 2Btr fprec^en son bem $rtege unb bem £anbeL 
 Jpetnrtcfy ift etn geljorfamer ©o^n; er tturb son fetnem 
 SSater unb fetner Sautter gelteBt ©life ift ein liebens* 
 tuitrbtges $inb, fte totrb son intern Dnfel unb u)rer £ante 
 
— w — 
 
 gelteit ttnfer ^utfcfyer Ijat einen Srief son fehtem ©olme 
 unb feinet Softer erljaltetu Dae fmb bie ©c§ui)e biefes 
 aiwn SMbcfyens ; es |at biefe ©d)ul)e Wfk emem reidjen 
 $aufmcmne erfjaltetu 
 
 83. 
 
 I have seen the palace of the king and queen. 
 We speak of the king and queen. That is not the 
 dog of our neighbor. I have not received this dog 
 from our neighbor. From whom have you bought 
 this beautiful horse ? We have bought this beautiful 
 horse from the brother of my uncle. I have received 
 these ribbons from the sister of my (female) friend. 
 I speak of my son and daughter. Charles is very 
 obedient ; he is loved by his uncle and aunt. Ma- 
 thilda is very amiable ; she is loved by her father 
 and mother. 
 
 84. 
 
 boS 23rot, the bread; 23rot, (some) bread. 
 
 baS S(etfd), the meat; S^iftf), (some) meat. 
 
 ber 2tyfe(, the apple; Hepfet, (some) apples, 
 
 ber Coffee, the coffee. ber SBteiftift, the pencil, 
 
 bie SDtttdj, the milk. bie £offe, the cup. 
 
 ba% 833 offer, the water. ber 23ud)l)anb(er, the bookseller, 
 
 ber Sein, the wine. er toerfauft, he sells, 
 
 bie ©uppe, the soup. gegeffen, eaten. 
 
 bo§ @emtifc, the vegetables. gctrunfen, drunk, taken. 
 
— 68 — 
 
 3d) fjctte tfaffee urti 2JKK& getrunfen* 2)u l;aft 
 2Baj]~er unb 2Bem getrunfen* 9JMn Sruber f)at 23tot 
 unb gleifcfy, ©uppe unb ©emitfe gegeffen* SBtt l;aben 
 ^itfcfyen unb $flaumen gefauft £)iefer 23ud$anbler 
 serfauft Silver, gebern, £)inte xtnb Sleijltfte* £)er 
 ©d)u^mad)er mad^t <Sd^uf)e unb ©tiefel S)er ©djretner 
 mad)t £ifd)e unb ©tittle* Unfer 9Za$bar fjat Soget, 
 £unbe, $ferbe unb Sa£en* ©uere £ante I)at 9tte|Ter 
 unb ©afceln, £affen unb ©lafer gelauft 2Btr I;aben 
 in Sonbon Soften unb £tger gefetyem 2Btr ftnb ben 
 gan^en £ag fcefdjafttgt gemefen; ttrit fjtibtn SSriefe ge* 
 f^tieben unb $ufgaben gemac^t 
 
 85. 
 
 'toaS, what? 
 Have you (1) drunk wine or, beer ? I have drunk 
 neither wine nor beer, but I have drunk some coffee 
 and milk. What have you (1) eaten ? I have eaten 
 some meat, vegetables and bread. What have you (1) 
 bought? I have bought some paper and pens. What 
 have you done, my children ? We have done some 
 exercises and written some letters. Henry has 
 received shoes and stockings. Emily and Mathilda 
 have received some ribbons, rings and flowers. We 
 have sold houses and gardens. Have you (1) already 
 seen (any) swallows this year? Yes, my dear, I 
 have already seen many swallows. 
 
— 69 — 
 86. 
 
 fctet, much, many. mefjr, more, 
 
 tote Dtef, how much. gcnug, enough. 
 
 fx> btcr, so much, as much, ber $fcffcr, the pepper, 
 
 gu fctel, too much, bd§ &oifr the salt, 
 
 toetrig, little, few. ber ©enf, -the mustard, 
 
 toettiger, less, fewer. ba$ @elb, the money. 
 bctS £)6ft, fruit; eS gi&t, eS jtnb, there is, there are; 
 gckt mtr, give me. 
 
 ©efcet mh em ttenig gletfdj* 3$ jtfSt gemtg But 
 2>u l)ajt gu »tel ©at$ unb $feffet* 2Bilt;elm tyat met 
 ©elb; er Ijat meljr ©elb, ate i<$* SBtr l)aku wcnigcr 
 D6ft, ate i|r* Soutfe Ijat foetuget gebern, ate Patfsilbe* 
 Sari §at meljt Slufgafcen gemad)t, ate Subnng* £aft bu 
 fo *nel ©elb, ttne mem 23mbet? Sin atmer SDtann l)at 
 ttenig greunbe* ©efcet bem Sinbe em ttentg SWild^ 
 9Jlem Sruber ^at 311 t>teX 2Bein getr'unfem S)iefc SKuttcr 
 l;at uicle $mber* SBie iriel £ttnbe fjat bem Skater ? Cite 
 gtfct btefes Satyr toetttg Strfcfyen, akr stele $flaumem 
 SMetn greunb tyat btefe 2Bcd)e mefyr Sriefc ertyalten, ate 
 % 3$ tyak su ttentg JDhtte* Sdj J)ak gemtg papier. 
 
 87. 
 
 Our gardener has many trees and flowers. I 
 have eaten a little meat and vegetables. Have you 
 got mustard enough ? I have enough salt and pee- 
 per. Your neighbor has much money ; he is a very 
 
— TO — 
 
 rich man. Give a little wine to this poor woman. 
 This gentleman has few friends, but he has many 
 horses and dogs. Have you (got) as many apples and 
 pears as we ? We have not so many as you, but we 
 have more cherries and plums than you. What 
 have you (1) drunk, Henry ? I have taken a little 
 wine, and Lewis has taken some beer. We have 
 eaten many cherries. 
 
 88. 
 
 ba§ $futtb/ the pound. bev $or6, the basket, 
 
 tie (Stfe, the ell, the yard. bie ©alSbinbe, the cravat. 
 
 ba$ ySaax, the pair. bet' $cmbfdjul), the glove. 
 
 ba8 ©tiicf, the piece. bie gemtiKtttb, the linen. 
 
 bci§ Sufcewb, the dozen. bcr $Sfe, the cheese 
 gefdjtdt, sent. 
 
 #©ei $funb $ftfe, two pounds of cheese. 
 
 bret $aar f>aab$u$e, three pair of gloves. 
 
 Observation.— The words $funb, ^acir, <5tM, S)ui^enb are ge- 
 nerally invariable when preceded by a number. 
 
 SBtv I)akn l)eute Jtocmatg ©Ken Seinftanb, fed)§ $als* 
 binben into bret tyaax £anbfdml)e eiTjalten* SKein Sruber 
 f;at gttct SJaar ©<$u$e unb eut $aar ©ttefel gelauft. 
 Unfer DttM l)at bem alten ©artncr fed)$ glafd)en SQSein 
 gefdndtv ffiarl l)at em ©las SBter getrunfen wnb etn 
 ©tud Sletfdj gegeffen. SRefaic SJlutter l)at fedjs $aar 
 ©trumpfe unb bret $fimb ^trfcfyen gelauft 3d) l;abe son 
 bem ©attner etnen Sorb ©lumen erljaltetu Octet biefer 
 
— 71 — 
 
 ctrmen %xan em ©las SSafier tmb em ©tucf Swb tmb 
 flafe* £)iefes «inb J;at au »iel ©at* unb ©enf* (S>ic) 
 Heme Soutfe §at §u »icl O&ft gegeffetu 
 
 89. 
 
 fjungrig, hungry; buvfttg, thirsty, 
 gib mil, give me. 
 
 I am hungry, give me a piece of meat and a 
 little bread. Are you (1) not thirsty ? Yes, I am 
 very thirsty. There is a bottle of beer. What 
 have you drunk at Mrs. Bender's ? We have taken 
 two glasses of wine. Give this poor child a glass 
 of water and some bread and cheese. My aunt has 
 bought four cravats, six pair ■ of gloves and a dozen 
 pair of stockings. The shoemaker has made a pair 
 of shoes for Louisa and two pair of boots for William. 
 How many ells of linen have you bought ? I have 
 bought twelve ells. Ferdinand has bought a pound 
 of plums, six pounds of coffee and two dozen knives 
 and forks. Henry is very naughty ; he has drunk 
 too much wine. William has drunk one glass of 
 beer. 
 
 90. 
 
 SBinjelm, William. Sttatljitbe, Mathilda. 
 
 SQBtlfjelm'S, of William. SDtotljtfben'S, of Mathilda. 
 
 s. m wt r r to William. . ' ' [ to Mathilda, 
 
 bem SSityetm, ) ber aJtotyrtbe, j 
 
— 12 — 
 
 Sofjcmtt, John. $ofa, Cologne. 
 
 Caroline, Caroline. $ad)en, Aix-la-Chapelle. 
 
 giitttcfj, Liege, 
 er jjeigt, he is called, his name is; tooljnt, lives. 
 
 Dtcfer SInaU l^etpt Solemn, unb feme @^t»efler Ijeipt 
 Caroline* £)er Skter SBttyelm's iji cmflefommetu 3)te 
 SWutter 8ouifen 1 3 iji ausgegangen* Subfttg'0 Dnlel iji 
 fefyt reic|«. £einrid? 1 $ £ante iji feljr ft ant 3Rat$Uben 1 s 
 ©djttejiern fmb fe§t liefcenswurbige 9JJiib$en* itarolinenV 
 33ruber iji ein ^ilBfd^er £nak* 23on mm §aji bu biefe 
 23lmnen erljalten? 3$ f)ak biefe Slurnen son £einri$ 
 unb gttbinanb erl;alten* 2Bem I^aji bu beine SSoget ge* 
 gefan ? 3$ ^afce meine 236get $arl unb Souifen gegefcen* 
 ffiBoljnt beitt Dnfel in $5lu ober in Stamen ? SWein Dnfel 
 ttoljnt in $arte+ 3ft betn greunb son ©trajfturg obet 
 Don SDtefc? ©t iji tteber son ©traPurg nocfy son SWe^; 
 er iji Don Sutttd^ 
 
 91. 
 
 What is tlie name of your son ? His name is 
 John, and his little brother is called Alfred. What 
 is the name of your (female) friend ? She is called 
 Pauline. Are you (1) the brother of Charles and 
 William ? I am Henry's and John's brother. Ma- 
 thilda's bonnet is finer than Louisa's. To whom 
 have you given your birds ? We have given our 
 birds to John and Ferdinand. From whom have 
 
— T3 — 
 
 you (1) received this pretty bouquet? I have re- 
 ceived this pretty bouquet from Emily; My uncle 
 lives at Cologne, and my nephew at Aix-la-Chapelle. 
 
 92. 
 
 Norn, and ace. plur. 
 
 Gen. plur. 
 
 Dat. plur. 
 
 bie, 
 
 ber, 
 
 bett. 
 
 biefe, 
 
 biefer, 
 
 btefen. 
 
 tneine, 
 
 nteiner, 
 
 ittetnett. 
 
 euere, 
 
 euerer, 
 
 eucw. 
 
 iljr (referring to a female noun in the singular), her. 
 
 tljr (referring to several nouns or a noun in the plural), their. 
 
 Observation. — 1) All nouns take It in the dative plural; the 
 other cases of the plural are like the nominative. 2) Adjectives 
 preceded by one of the determinative words bie, biefe, meinc, bcine 
 &c. have in all cases of the plural the termination Clt. 
 
 ©efcet btefen ctrnten ithtbern ffirot 3)er £anbel 
 ber Snglanber tjt grop* £)er Setter btefer SWabd^ett 
 ift em fcerufymter itttnfiler* %<§ fpredje son bett 3)td)* 
 tern ber ©entfdjen* £>ie 231citter btefer Sdunte finb 
 atfe mmlft £)te £dnfer euerer ^iadjbam finb fo Ijocfy, 
 tt>ie bas enrtge* SDtefe $ferbe ge^oren nteincn 25ritbern* 
 ®iefc 3itn$e gefyoren ntetnen ©djweftenu £>te arttgen 
 ttnb getyorfanten Stnber tterben son i^ren Sdtern nnb 
 2)luttern geltefct 3$ !Jat>e metne alten £letber bm 
 SWdgben gegebem 2Btr fprecfyen son unferen neuen RU\* 
 beat unb £tttetn SBer tyat ntetnen Zbtfjttm biefe 
 
— u — 
 fl&ffittCteisfe gefd)icft? M bu ^ute Sricfe son 
 betncn gteunbm fatten* 2Blt fab in ^oU unb in 
 Stamen geuxfen; Kir $a*tn bie grofcn Sitdjen biefac 
 ©tabte gefe$em &iefe Same $at i^ren ©ofaen g»« 
 Su^enb $a« ©trflmpfe unb tyctn 9Ud)tm cm ©ufcenb 
 $aas £dnbfc&ufce gefoUft. <Met memen Unbent i$te 
 Siic|et; fte fyabm tyre StufgaJen nod) nid)t gemadjt 
 
THIED PAET. 
 
 COLLECTION OF WOEDS. 
 
 L ®te gantllte, the family. 
 
 bte ©Item, the parents 
 ber aSciter, the father 
 bte SJlutter, the mother 
 ber ©o^rt, the son 
 bte Softer, the daughter 
 ber 23ruber, the brother 
 bte ©d&roefter, the sister 
 bet ©resetter, the grand- 
 father 
 bte ©rofmuttter, the grand- 
 mother 
 em Snlel, a grandson 
 erne Snleltn, a granddaugh- 
 ter 
 ber Dttfel, the uncle 
 bte £cmte, the aunt 
 ber 9ieffe, the nephew 
 
 bte SRidjte, the niece 
 ber Setter, the cousin 
 bte Soufme, the fern, cousin 
 em ©ttefyctter, a step-father 
 ber $at§e, the godfather 
 bte $at$itt, the godmother 
 em Snak, a boy 
 em SiJiabcfyen, a girl 
 ber 9Jiamt, 
 ber ©etna!)!, 
 bte grau, ) 
 bte ©ema^tm, ) 
 em SBtttwer, a widower 
 erne SBtttme, a widow 
 erne SOBaifc, an orphan 
 ber SSormunb, the guardian 
 baa SWftnbel, the ward 
 
 a 
 
 the husband 
 
 the wife 
 
 lb 
 
— ?6 — 
 
 2* 2)aa Jpaus, the house. 
 
 tie 5E^iir, the door 
 
 bas ©djlop, the lock 
 
 ber ©cfyluffel, the key 
 
 bte SUngel, the bell 
 
 ber SRtegel, the bolt 
 
 ba§ ©todtoerf, the story 
 
 bte £reppe, the staircase 
 
 erne ©tufe, a step 
 
 em Burner, a room 
 
 em Steal, a drawing-rooni 
 
 ba$ Sefud^tmmer, the parlor 
 
 ein ©dblaf^ttnmer, a bedroom 
 
 ber Salcon, the balcony 
 
 ein genfter, a window 
 
 erne ©djetbe, a pane 
 
 bte genfterlaben, the shutter 
 
 bte $)ede, the ceiling 
 
 ber gupboben, the floor 
 
 ber Samtn, the chimney 
 bte Sucfye, the kitchen 
 ber £eerb, the hearth 
 ber ©petd)er, the garret 
 ba$ 2>a$, the roof 
 ein 3tegel, a tile 
 ber £of, the yard 
 ber ©tall, the stable 
 bte ftrippe, the manger 
 ber ,£>ol$fdjuppen, the wood- 
 house 
 bte ©d)eune, the barn 
 ber SBacjenfcfyuppett, the 
 coach-house 
 ber Seller, the cellar 
 ber ©arten, the garden 
 ba$ Zxtibl)avi$, the green- 
 house 
 
 3* 3B8M, furniture. 
 
 ber Stfdj, the table 
 ber ©tu^I, the chair 
 ber ©effel, the arm-chair 
 ba£ Sanapee, the sofa 
 bie ©tanbuljr, the clock 
 ber Spiegel, the looking- 
 glass 
 
 bas ©emalbe, the painting 
 ber Supferfftcfy, the engrav- 
 ing 
 ber ©cfyranf, the press 
 bte ©cfyuMabe, the drawer 
 bte Sommobe, the bureau, 
 the chest of drawers 
 
— 77 — 
 
 ©djaulelflul;!, rocking-chair 
 bag Sett, the bed 
 bte SBtege, the cradle 
 bte £)ed:e, the blanket 
 bciS £eintudj, the sheet 
 bte Wlatxafyt, the mattress 
 ba$ Jtiffen, the pillow, the 
 
 cushion 
 ber Sorljcmg, the curtain 
 ber £e)tyt$, the carpet 
 ber Dfett, the stove 
 ber 5Lopf, the pot 
 bte ©d^ad^tel, the box 
 bte ©duffel, the dish 
 ber Setter, the plate 
 ber 5?rug, the pitcher 
 ber £eucfyter, the candlestick 
 etne ^lerge, a candle 
 etne Sampe, a lamp 
 ber SBffel, the spoon 
 bte ©afcet, the fork 
 bag 9fleffer, the knife 
 
 bte Saffe, the cup 
 bte Untertaffe, the saucer 
 ba$ &tfd)tudj, the table- 
 cloth 
 bte ©ertttette, the napkin 
 bag $anbtucfy, the towel 
 bag ©lag, the glass, the 
 
 tumbler 
 bte glafdje, the bottle 
 ber Sorf, the cork 
 ber Seeder, the mug 
 bte 3u(Jerbofe, the sugar- 
 bowl 
 ber ©enftopf, the mustard- 
 pot 
 bag ©aljfaf , the salt-cellar 
 bte 8tcfytfd)eere, the snuffers 
 3unbf)ol^en, matches 
 bag ©todjetfen, the poker 
 bte geuer^ange, the tongs 
 ber Rett), the basket 
 etne ©cfyaufel, a shovel 
 
 4* Metbung, clothing. 
 
 ber SRorf, the coat 
 ber SWantel, the cloas 
 ber Uefcer$tet)er, the overcoat 
 bag gutter, the lining 
 
 bte Safcfye, the pocket 
 bte ^ttityfe, the buttons 
 bag ^nopflodj, the button- 
 hole 
 
78 
 
 etne Scttfe, a jacket 
 erne SBefte, a waistcoat 
 bte ^ofe, the pantaloons 
 bte Untcr^ofe, the drawers 
 bie SMfce, the cap 
 ber £ut, the hat, bonnet 
 bte fyaUUrfot, the cravat 
 cine $aubt, a cap 
 ber Sctmm, the comb 
 bet During, the ear-ring 
 bci3 ^alsictnb, the necklace 
 bctS fyaUtufy, the neck-tie 
 ber ©deleter, the veil 
 bct$ StUib; the dress, gown 
 etne @$ur$e, an apron 
 ba£ 23anb, the ribbon 
 ber ©itrtel, the girdle 
 ba$ 3lrmbanb, the bracelet 
 ber ^cmbfcfyuf), the glove 
 ber 9ftng, the ring 
 etne 23roc^e, a brooch 
 etne Itljr, a watch 
 
 ba$ SifferWatt, the dial 
 bte Setger, the hands 
 ber ©trumpf, the stocking 
 basStrumpfbcmb, the garter 
 bte ©ocfe, the sock 
 ber ©ttefel, the boot 
 ber @$u$, the shoe 
 ber $cmtoffel, the slipper 
 ba£ £emb, the shirt 
 ber ©pajterftocf, the cane 
 bctS £afd)entucfy,the pocket- 
 handkerchief 
 bte Surfte, the brush 
 bte SSrtfte, the spectacles 
 etne Sorgnette, an eye-glass 
 etne ©tednabel, a pin 
 etne SMtjnabel, a needle 
 ber Stegenfd^trm, the um- 
 brella 
 ber ©onnenfdjtrm, the para- 
 sol 
 bte SSfirfe, the purse 
 
 5* Btc^rungsmtttel, victuals. 
 
 ba$> 23rob, the bread 
 ©d^mar^rob, brown bread 
 SBeiptob, white bread 
 t>a$ 3M)I, the meal, flour 
 
 bets Sletf% the meat 
 ber SSraten, the roast meat 
 M6flet% veal 
 Sttnbfleifdj, beef 
 
— ?9 — 
 
 £ count etfleifd}, mutton 
 ©petf, bacon 
 ber ©cfjinfen, the ham 
 ba§ ©emiife, vegetables 
 bie 23rul)e, the sauce 
 bie ©uppe, the soup 
 bag Si, the egg 
 ber gierfucfyeu, the omelet 
 bie £orte, the tart, pie. 
 ber ©alar, the salad 
 ber ©ettf, the mustard 
 bag ©alj, the salt 
 bctS Del, the oil 
 ber Sfftg, the vinegar 
 ber 3>-ftffcr> the pepper 
 bie Sutter, the butter 
 
 ber Raft, the cheese 
 ber Stix&jm, the cake 
 bag £)b\t, fruit 
 bag griifyftitd, breakfast 
 bag SSJlittagcffctt, dinner 
 bag Slkubeffeu, supper 
 ber hunger, hunger 
 ber 2)urfl, thirst 
 bag SBaffer, the water 
 ber SQBcitt, the wine 
 ba$ 23ier, the beer 
 ber Saffee, the coffee 
 bie 9Jli% the milk 
 bie Sfyocolabe, chocolate 
 ber 23rauntnxin, brandy 
 ber £t;ee, the tea 
 
 6. 3>er menfd&Kdje $5rper, the human body. 
 
 ber Sfteufcfy, man 
 ber $orper, the body 
 ber $opf, the head 
 bciS £aar, the hair 
 bag ©eftdjt, the face 
 bie ©tiru, the forehead 
 bie Slugeufcraueu, the eye- 
 brows 
 bag Sluge, the eye 
 bag Slugeulieb, the eyelid 
 
 bie SBtmper, the eyelash 
 ber Stugapfel, the eyeball 
 bie -ftafe, the nose 
 bag 9?afeulo$, the nostril 
 ^ Dt;r, the ear 
 ^ Sinn, the chin 
 ber 23art, the beard, 
 bie SBange, the cheek 
 ber 9J?uub, the mouth 
 bie Sippe, the lip 
 
— 80 — 
 
 em S^n, a tooth 
 bag SftWeifd), the gums 
 bie 3unge, the tongue 
 ber £alg, the neck 
 bie Seljle, the throat 
 bie ©coulter, the shoulder 
 bet SftMen, the back 
 ber 2trm, the arm 
 ber Sl&ogen, the elbow 
 bie %au% the fist 
 bie Jpcmb, the hand 
 ber Singer, the finger 
 ber £>aumen, the thumb 
 ber 9kgel, the nail 
 ' ber 9Jtagen, the stomach 
 
 bie SSruft, the breast 
 ber 23audj, the belly 
 ba$ £>er$, the heart 
 bie ©cite, the side 
 bct£ $me, the knee 
 ba$ Sent, the leg 
 ber $uf, the foot 
 bie Safe, the heel 
 bie £aut, the skin 
 ber Snocfyen, the bone 
 bag Slut, the blood 
 ber ©d)tt>eif, the perspi- 
 ration 
 bie 9?ersett, the nerves 
 bie Stbern, the veins 
 
 7* 2)ie ©tabt, the town. 
 
 erne (Stabt, a town, city 
 eine SSorjiabt, a suburb 
 bie £auptftabt, the capital 
 bag Sott^aug, the custom- 
 house 
 bie SBrucfe, the bridge 
 ber ©rafcen, the ditch 
 ber 2Baft, the rampart 
 bie SWauer, the wall 
 ber ©totfentfyurm, the steeple 
 ber Z§mm, the tower 
 
 Ut Seftung, the fortress 
 bie ©trap e, the street 
 bag $fTajler, the pavement 
 ber SKarftplag, the market- 
 place 
 ber Srimnen, the fountain, 
 
 the well 
 ba^> 3?atl;J)aug, the town- 
 hall 
 bie tyo% the post-office 
 ha^> Sweater, the theater 
 
81 — 
 
 bag 3^t($cut3, the arsenal 
 ba$ ©pttaly the hospital 
 bie ^ird)c, the church 
 bie £)omlit$e, the cathedral 
 em ^lojler, a convent 
 cine @d)ule, a school 
 bas ©efdngntj?, the prison 
 bie 333-tfe, the exchange 
 
 8. £)as 8anb, 
 
 ba$ Sanb, the country 
 
 em S3auer, a peasant 
 
 em S3 erg, a mountain 
 
 em Styal, a valley 
 
 ein Jpiigel, a hill 
 
 em 33auern^au3, a cottage 
 
 ein Dorf, a village 
 
 em SBetlet, a hamlet 
 
 ein ©djlop, a castle 
 
 ein SDkietfyof, a farm 
 
 bet $acfytet, the farmer 
 
 eine SDlitfyle, a mill 
 
 ein SQtufyltctb, a mill-wheel 
 
 bet 2Balb, the forest, wood 
 
 bet 23ufcfy, the grove 
 
 ein gufpfab, a path 
 
 bet 2Be$, the way, the road 
 
 ibie gcmbfhcifje, the highway 
 
 bet ^cutflctben, the store 
 bcx $afaft, the palace 
 
 bn ©aftyof, tne n °tel 
 bie ©cfyenfe, the tavern 
 bie £etfcetge, the inn 
 bie Umgegenb, the environs 
 bet itttd^of, the church- 
 yard, cemetery 
 
 the country. 
 
 bat gelb, the field 
 eine DueKe, a spring 
 ein 23adj, a brook 
 bet SJlijr, the dung 
 bet (Btaub, the dust 
 eine SBiefe, a meadow 
 btx 23aumgatten, the or- 
 chard 
 ba$ $otn, the grain 
 bet SOBctgett, the wheat 
 bet Sftoggen, the rye 
 bie ©etfte, the barley 
 bet £afer, the oats 
 ba% ©tof , the straw 
 bie Stel)te, the ear 
 bet ^alm, the blade 
 bet $flug r the plough 
 bie (Sgge, the harrow 
 
— 82 
 
 bas £eu, the hay 
 bie #eugakl, the fork 
 eine ©enfe, a scythe 
 bie Srnte, the harvest 
 
 ein ©knitter, a reaper 
 eine ©arte, a sheaf 
 eine ©tdjel, a sickle 
 bet £)refd)fkgel, the flail 
 
 9. 
 
 bte ©cfyule, the school 
 
 bet ©c^iiler, the school-boy, 
 
 scholar 
 ber Secret, the teacher 
 ber Soling, the pupil 
 ein $ult, a desk 
 ba$ 23ucfy, the book 
 ber Sinbcmb, the binding 
 ba$ Statt, the leaf 
 eine ©eite, a page 
 ba$ SBort, the word 
 eine ©ilBe, a syllable 
 ber 23ud)jiafce, the letter 
 bie ©rammattf, the grammar 
 bie S)itttc, the ink 
 ba3 £)intenfa£, the inkstand 
 bie @d)rift, the writing 
 ba£ ©d}reibt;eft, the copy- 
 book 
 ba$ Sdtytnlutf), the draw- 
 ing-book 
 ba£ papier, the paper 
 
 2)ie ©d)ule, the school. 
 
 ber SSogen, the sheet 
 bie geber, the pen, quill 
 ba$ gebermeffer, the pen- 
 knife 
 ba$ SSfdjWatt, the blotting- 
 paper 
 ber ©treufanb, the pounce 
 ber 33let(itft, the pencil 
 ba$ Sineal, the ruler 
 eine Qtilt, a line 
 ber Dmtenffaf, the blot 
 ber ©d^cmun, the sponge 
 eine ©dfyiefertafel, a slate 
 ber ©riffel, the slate-pen- 
 cil 
 eine StufgaBe, an exercise 
 eine Uefcerfefcung, a trans- 
 lation 
 bas 23eifpiel, the example 
 ber Seller, the mistake 
 eine Section, a lesson 
 bte ^n'tfung, examination 
 
83 — 
 
 10* $iinfte unb ©eroerk, arts and trades. 
 
 etn ©ewette, a trade 
 ein £anbtt>erf, a profession 
 etn Scicfer, a baker 
 ein SJtutter, a miller 
 em Tltfy&x, a butcher 
 etn 23tertrauer, a brewer 
 ein ©cfynetber, a tailor 
 etn ©djufler, a shoemaker 
 etn ©cfymteb, a smith 
 etn ^uffcfymieb, a black- 
 smith 
 etn ©attler, a saddler 
 ein ©djtehter, a joiner 
 ein S^tmetmann, a carpen- 
 ter 
 etn ©olbctrfcetter, a gold- 
 smith 
 etn Ufyrmcufyer, a watch- 
 maker 
 etn tauter, a mason 
 etn SSiHtcfyer, a cooper 
 
 ein Saminfeget, a chimney- 
 sweeper 
 etn Supferfcfymteb, a copper- 
 smith 
 ein ©erkr, a tanner 
 ein ©eiler, a rope-maker 
 etn SSarfcter, a barber 
 ein fiitnjtler, an artist 
 etn 33ud)bruder, a printer 
 23itd$cmbler, bookseller 
 33ud)binber, bookbinder 
 ein Saumetfter, an architect 
 ein ©cfyaufyteler, an actor 
 ein SBuftfer, a musician 
 etn Strgt, a physician 
 ein SSunbar^t, a surgeon 
 etn S^ttarjt, a dentist 
 ein 2tpotI)ef er,an apothecary 
 etn SBirtfy, an innkeeper 
 ein ©ctTtner, a gardener 
 etn Staler, a painter 
 
 ll* Sierfitfnge S^tere, quadrupeds. 
 
 bct£ S£l)ter, the animal 
 ba$ $fetb, the horse 
 bas Sutten, the colt 
 bet ©fel, the ass 
 
 ber 9Kaulefet, the mule 
 be* Jpunb, the dog 
 bte &a$t, the cat 
 bte SRatte, the rat 
 
84 — 
 
 Me 9Kaug, the mouse 
 bag Satttncfyen, the rabbit 
 bag SBtefel, the weasel 
 ber 3RauI»urf, the mole 
 bcr Ddj)g, the ox 
 ber ©tier, the bull 
 bte Sulj, the cow 
 bag Stalb, the calf 
 ba$ ©djaf, the sheep 
 bag Samm, the lamb 
 bag ©cfyroeut, the hog 
 bie 3tege r the goat 
 bte ©emfe, the chamois 
 ber £afe, the hare 
 
 bag Std^orn, the squirrel 
 ber Stffe, the monkey 
 ber ffiiber, the beaver 
 ber £irf<fy, the deer 
 bag 3W;, the roe 
 ber giid)g, the fox 
 ber £)ad}3, the badger 
 ber SOBolf, the wolf 
 ber 23ar, the bear 
 ber Some, the lion 
 ber Stger, the tiger 
 ber glep^ant, the elephant 
 bag ^tameel, the camel 
 ber Seoparb, the leopard 
 
 12* SSogel, birds. 
 
 ber SSoget, the bird 
 ber ^afm, the cock, rooster 
 bie ^penne, the hen 
 ha^> Jputjtt, the chicken 
 ber Zmfyaljxt, the turkey 
 ber (Sd^rcan, the swan 
 bte ©ang, the goose 
 bte ©nte, the duck 
 bte £auie, the pigeon 
 ber $fau, the peacock 
 bie SOBadjtel, the quail 
 bte ©djncpfe, ths snipe 
 
 bte Stmfel, the blackbird 
 bte Serene, the lark 
 bie 9Zad)ttgatt, the night- 
 ingale 
 ber Scmartetwogel, the ca- 
 nary-bird 
 ber gfittfe, the chaffinch 
 ber #ctnfUng, the linnet 
 bte SDtetfe, the titmouse 
 bag 9tot$fc$ld)en, the red- 
 breast 
 bte ©d&roatte, the swallow 
 
— 85 — 
 
 ber (Sperling, the sparrow 
 bte Sljler, the magpie 
 ber 9kk, the raven 
 bte firafo the crow 
 bie Sule, the owl 
 ber $uduf, the cuckoo 
 ber 3^iftg/ the siskin 
 
 ber $apaget, the parrot 
 ber ©perfcer,. the hawk 
 ber gfalfe, the falcon 
 ber (Stored, the stork 
 ber ©traup, the ostrich 
 ber 21bler, the eagle 
 ber ©eter, the vulture 
 
 13. gtfdje unb Snfecten, fishes and insects 
 
 ber 3*fdj, the fish 
 ber $ttyt f the pike 
 ber Sarpfen, the carp 
 ber Stal, the eel 
 bie gorefle, the trout 
 ber faring, the herring 
 ber $reis, the lobster 
 bie ©cfytlbfrfite, the tortoise 
 ber SBalftfd), the whale 
 bie ©flange, the snake 
 bie (£tbcdfyfe, the lizard 
 bte $riJte, the toad 
 ber Srofd), the frog 
 ber SBurm, the worm 
 bie Siaupe, the caterpillar 
 
 bte ©cfynecfe, the snail 
 ba$ Snfect, the insect 
 ber heifer, the beetle 
 bte ©ptnne, the spider 
 bte 3Ril6e, the mite 
 bte Wlotkf the moth 
 ber gloi), the flea 
 bte gltege, the fly 
 bte 2J?Me, the gnat 
 bte 23tene, the bee 
 ber 231utegel, the leech 
 bte SBefpe, the wasp 
 bte ©rifle, the cricket 
 bie ^eufefyrede, the locust 
 ©d^metterltng, butterfly 
 
 14. Saume unb Slumen, trees and flowers. 
 
 ber 23aunt, the tree 
 ber ©traudj, the shrub 
 
 ber 2l|r, the branch 
 ber 3^eig, the twig 
 
— 86 — 
 
 bie SBurjel, the root 
 
 bic 3tinbe, the bark 
 
 ba* SSlatt, the leaf 
 
 ber Sfyfet, the apple 
 
 bet Stpfelbcmm, the apple- 
 tree 
 
 bie 23ime, the pear 
 
 bet Strtuminn, the pear-tree 
 
 bie $flaume, the plum 
 
 ber ^PjTaumenbaum, the plum- 
 tree 
 
 bie 5tirf$e, the cherry 
 
 ber iUrfcfybaum, the cherry- 
 tree 
 
 bie Sfyrifofe, the apricot 
 
 bie $ftrf% the peach 
 
 bie 3lu$, the nut 
 
 bte ^imbeere, the raspberry 
 
 bie Soljcmnigbeere, the cur- 
 rant 
 
 bie ©tacfyelbeere, the goose- 
 berry 
 
 bie Srbbeere, the strawberry 
 
 bie ^aftcmie, the chestnut 
 
 bie Stdfye, the oak 
 
 bie Scmne, the pine 
 
 bte Shtbe, the linden 
 
 bie Sucfye, the beech 
 
 bie 23irfe, the birch 
 
 bie SBeibe, the willow 
 
 bie ^Pappel, the poplar 
 
 bie SStume, the flower 
 
 ber Stengel, the stalk 
 
 ber 3)om, the thorn 
 
 bie Sofe, the rose 
 
 ber Stofenjbtf, the rose-bush 
 
 erne 5tnofre, a bud 
 
 erne ^elfe, a pink 
 
 erne Sulpe, a tulip 
 
 eine Citie, a lily 
 
 eine tofoje, a gill-flower 
 
 ba£ Skild^en, the violet 
 
 bas ©dnfeMum^en, the 
 daisy 
 
 bie SMctiblume, the lily of 
 the valley 
 
 bie itornbtume, the corn- 
 flower 
 
 bie ^acmtfye, the hyacinth 
 
 bie ©flmtenWttme, the sun- 
 flower 
 
 bie Stieber, the lilac 
 
 ber SBlumenjrrcmp, the bou- 
 quet 
 
 ber Stumentttyf, the flower- 
 pot 
 
— 81 — 
 
 15. S)ic 3ett 7 the time. 
 
 bie 3^tt, the time 
 ber StugenMtd, the moment 
 tie SWinute, the minute 
 bie ©tunbe, the hour 
 ber £ag, the day 
 em gefttag, a holiday 
 em $3erftag, a working day 
 bet SJJorgen, the morning 
 SRtttag, noon 
 Sftacfymtttag, afternoon 
 ber Stbenb, the evening 
 bie ^acfyr, the night 
 SRttternac^t, midnight 
 ba$ Satyr, the year 
 ber Sftonat, the month 
 Scmuar, January 
 geftruar, February 
 W&n, March 
 Sfyrtl, April 
 3Jtai, May 
 
 Sunt, June 
 Suit, July 
 Stugujl, August 
 (September, September 
 Dctckr, October 
 •Jio&emfcer, November 
 2)ecemter, December 
 bie SSoctye, the week 
 9J?ontag, Monday 
 £)ten$tag, Tuesday 
 SSfttttmocty, Wednesday 
 StoimerStag, Thursday 
 Sfreitag, Friday 
 ©atnstag, Saturday 
 ©onntag, Sunday 
 bie Satyregjeit, the season 
 ber grueling, spring 
 ber ©oramer, summer 
 ber $txb% autumn 
 ber SBinter, winter 
 
 16. ^ranftyeiten imb ©e£red)en, diseases and defects. 
 
 bie $rcmftyeit, the illness 
 
 ba$ 2tr$neimittel, the remedy 
 
 erne $tfle, a pill 
 
 ber £>uften, the cough 
 
 ber ©ctytucEen, the hiccough 
 
 bie $Ra\txn, the measles 
 bie Slattern, the small-pox 
 bas gieier, the fever 
 bie £etferfyt, hoarseness 
 bie Dtynmad)t,the swooning 
 
— 88 
 
 etne Srlaltung, a cold 
 bte $olif, the colic 
 etne ©efdjnntljl, a swelling 
 etne SBunbe a wound 
 etne 3?arf>e, a scar 
 ber ©dfymtpfen, the cold 
 btc ©ctyttinbfudjt, the con- 
 sumption 
 
 bte @ld)t, the gout 
 bte ©etbfucfyt, the joundice 
 em ^ttfmercmge, a corn 
 ein ©tammler, a stam- 
 merer 
 em ©tnmmer, a mute 
 ein SucfKger, a hunchback 
 etn Slinber, a blind man 
 
 17* Skrmogen ber ©eele, faculties of the soul. 
 
 bte ©eete, the soul 
 
 ber ©cift, the mind 
 
 bte SSemunft, the reason 
 
 ber ©ebcmfe, the thought 
 
 bte ©eba^tntf, the memory 
 
 ber SSBtfle, the will 
 
 bte 8ie$e, love 
 
 ber £a$, hatred 
 
 bte gurd^t, fear 
 
 bte £offmtng, the hope 
 
 bte ©djrnn, shame 
 
 bte SBc^rtjeit, truth 
 
 etne Sitge, a lie 
 
 ber SSerbruj?, anger 
 
 ber 3orn, wrath 
 
 ber ©trett, the quarrel 
 
 etne 23eletbtgung,*an injury 
 
 bte grenbe, joy 
 
 bte Sergnitgen, pleasure 
 
 bte £rcutrtgfett, sadness 
 
 ber 9Mb, envy 
 
 bte amtletb, pity 
 
 bte ©itte, kindness 
 
 bte greunbfd)aft, friendship 
 
 bie SLugenb, virtue 
 
 bte SBei^eit, wisdom 
 
 bte 8after, vice 
 
 ber ©etj, covetousness 
 
 ber ©tolj, pride 
 
 ber SMfnggcmg, idleness 
 
 bie gaufijett, laziness 
 
 bte 23erad)tung, scorn 
 
 bte SSostycit, wickedness 
 
 bte ©raufamfeit, cruelty 
 
 bte grommtgfett, piety 
 
 bte ©ebulb, patience 
 
89 — 
 
 bie Sefcfyetbentjeir, modesty 1 ber Wlufy, courage 
 
 bie &)xt, honor 
 
 bad ©ettuffen, conscience 
 
 ber 9M)m, glory 
 
 18* ©igemtamen, 
 
 Stbele, Adeline 
 Slleranber, Alexander 
 Stmctlte, Amelia 
 Stnton, Anthony 
 mbixt, Albert 
 Stlfrcb, Alfred 
 (Sfmjrtcm, Christian 
 Sltfe, Eliza 
 Smilte, Emily 
 Sbuarb, Edward 
 gran^, Francis 
 gran^Ufa, Frances 
 grtebrtdj, Frederic 
 ©ottfrteb, Godfrey 
 ©eorc;, George 
 ^cmndjen, Jane 
 .frchmd), Henry 
 £enriette, Henrietta 
 Selene, Helen 
 
 btc ^odjadjitung, esteem 
 
 bie Sreue, fidelity 
 
 bie ©cfymeidjelei, flattery 
 
 proper names. 
 
 Sctfob, James 
 Solemn, John 
 Safety Joseph 
 Suite, Julia 
 3ultua> Julius 
 $arl, Charles 
 Caroline, Caroline 
 Katharine, Catherine 
 Claret, Clara 
 gctura, Laura 
 Sucia, Lucy 
 8ubtt)tg, Lewis 
 SJiargarett^e, Margaret 
 Wlaxia, Mary 
 2Ratljau3) Matthew 
 $eter, Peter 
 S^erefe, Theresa 
 SBityelm, William 
 2Bill;elmine, Wilhelmina 
 
4 
 
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