HoUinger pHa5 Mill Run F3-1719 ESTABLISHED 1808. ^' V, ENGS & SONS, .S972 ' c°pv 1 ^Q Merehanta, 131 FRONT STREET, NKW YORK. Sole Agents in the United States for -w*^ 7- ^^ SIR ROBERT BURNETT & CO., VAUXHALL, LONDON, DISTILLERS OF OLD TOM GIN, ETC. Also import and keep in stock, in all the varieties of casks and cases, and offer at close prices, Brandies of Standard Brands, Holland Gins, London Dock Jamaica Rums, St. Croix Rums, Scotch and Irish Whiskies, Arrack, Bay Rum, etc., etc. Wines or evkry Country, Standard Bourbons and High Grade Eastern Ryes, In Bond and duty paid. Fincb's Golden Wedding Rye and A. Keller Bourbon in cases. (0 z (I h K X X z > h FOR ALL KINDS OF VENTILATING MACHINERY, CALL ON SEYMOUR & WHITLOCK, (Send for Catalogue.) 43 Lowrence St., Newark, N. J. Fr. Beck 8z Co., MANUFACTURERS, IMPORTERS, AND EXPORTERS OP HIGH CLASS WALL PAPERS . Have now on exliibition their manufactures and importations. ONLY MANUFACTURERS IN THE U. S. OP THE GREAT SANITARY WALL COVERING, THE MOST BEAUTIFUL OF ALL WALL DECORATIONS. We are the only manufacturers in the United States who have in stock ready for delivery a large assortment of Cretonne and Damask Goods, with paper hangings to match. These patterns are controlled by us exclusively. We are now exhibiting: Designs of our own manufacture and the BEST examples of EUROPEAN MAKERS. COR. 5TH AVENUE AND 30TH STREET. Factory, cor. 7th Avenue and 29th Street. Shrewsbury Tomatoketchup WILL NOT MOULD OR LOSE ITS FLAVOR. GUARANTEED TO KEEP IN ANY CLIMATE. SHREWSBURY TOMATOKETCHUP is an article of standard excellence, with a flavor certain to please the palate of the most fastidious bon-vivant, and which connoisseurs everywhere pronounce incomparably fine. Color, taste, aroma are faultless. It is admirable with hot and cold meats, oyster stews, fish, and gives a superior flavor to gravies, deviled kidneys, or any delicate preparation of meat. With chops, veal cutlets, and baked beans it is simply delicious, and it is a great addition to macaroni or hot buttered toast. MANUFACTURED AND FOR SALE BY E. C. HAZARD & CO., NEW YORK. We have used the Shrewsbury Tomatoketchup on our tables since its first introduction, to the extent of about two hundred dozen bottles per year, and regard it as the finest condiment of its kind ever brought to our notice. W. D. GARRISON, Manager Grand Union Hotel. REVISED TO OCT. 1, 1889. WITH MAP HOW TO KNOW Mew York City A SERVICEABLE AND TRUSTWORTHY GUIDE, HAVING ITS STARTING POINT AT THE GRAND UNION HOTEL, JUST ACROSS THE STREET FROM THE GRAND CENTRAL DEPOT BY M. F. SWEETSER AND SIMEON FORD SEVENTH EDITION NEW YORK PRESS OF J. J. LITTLE & CO lo to 20 AsTOR Place 1889 New fofk Central and Hudson River Railroad. Route of the Famous Wagner Vestibuled "New York and Chicago Limited." Ail Trains Leave from and Arrive at tll6 GRAND CENTRAL STATION, m street, NewYorl(. Largest and Finest Station in America. THE GREAT 4 TRACK ROUTL Fast EzpresB Trains throngh from New Tork to Montreal, Syracnse, Rochester, Buffalo, Niag- ara Falls, Detroit, Cleveland, Cincinnati, Indianapolis, St. Louis, and Chicago WITHOUT CHANGE. TICKET OrriCES OF NEW YORK CENTRAL & HXJDSON RIVER R. R. New Tork: Nob. 413, 785, 942 Broadway; No. 12 Park Place; 1 Battery Place; Grand Central Station, and MottEaven Station (138th St.) E. J. RICHARDS, GEORGE H. DANIELS, Ass't GeuU Passenger Agt. Gen'l Passenger Agt, On receiptof Six Cents m stamps a copy of this book will be mailed to any address. Address: GRAND UNION HOTEL. 41/1 Ave. & 42d Street, Advertising Department. ' New York. Over 150,000 People STOPPED AT The GRAND UNION HOTEL DURING THE PAST YEAR. Is mainly due to the followhig facts : The policy of its management is to please and satisfy guests. Its rooms are well furnished and scrupulously clean, and range in price from %\ (for an excellent room) up to 13 and |4 per day. The food is of the best quality obtainable, well cooked, the prices are moderate, and the portions liberal. It is centrally located. Elevated railroads and street cars to all parts of the city pass its doors. It is immediately opposite the Grand Central Depot, to and from which guests' baggage is delivered free. Its volume of business is such that more value can be given for the money than at any other first-class hotel in the city. :mmMimf^^^im»^:iBmmf iiiij iiiis Iwii, Opposite the Grand Central Depot, NEW YORK, Offers I»articiilar liiaiicemeiits to Xraveler** visiting: tlie City for Business or Pleasure. It contains 600 rooms, ranging in price from |1.00 per day upwards. Rooms with Private Parlors, Bath, etc., at moderate prices. It is conducted on the European Plan, and guests can regulate their expenditures to suit their inclinations or means. Its Restaurants and Dining Rooms are supplied with the best the markets afford, at moderate prices. It is immediately opposite the Grand Central Depot, arriving at which the traveler, instead of having to sub- mit to the annoyance and expense of carriage-hire and baggage-express, can step across the street, hand his checks to the clerk, and in ten minutes his baggage will be delivered in his room, free of charge. Baggage of outgoing guests will be delivered free to the following depots : New York Central and Hudson River R.R., Harlem R.R., New Haven R.R., and New England R.R. HOW TO KNOW NEW YORK. The above picture represents a hotel-clerk, in the act of answering a question. From his bland expression, you would not suppose that he had been pretty steadily answering questions from his youth up, and has probably answered this very question upwards of a million times; but such is the case. A good hotel-clerk must be a walking encyclopaedia, directory, railway, steamship, and postal guide, and, in short, a universal fountain of knowledge and information. No man is more maligned than the hotel-clerk. In current fiction he is de- scribed as a haughty and unapproachable despot, who, intrenched 7 E How to Know New York. behind a large diamond shirt-stud, superciliously assigns trembling travellers to remote and cheerless chambers. As a matter of fact, he is usually the most good-natured and accommodating of mortals. Were he not of a serene and placid nature, he would long since have decorated a cemetery. He is expected to be pleasant under the most trying circumstances; to remember everybody by name, and all their peculiarities and eccentricities ; to give every one the best room in the house ; to laugh at every humorous anecdote related to him, no matter how antique ; and to lend a sympathetic ear to every traveller who is in distress, or imagines that he is. For the aid of the stranger first visiting New York, this modest work is prepared. It is not issued for the benefit of the hotel-clerk (who still stands ready to answer any and all questions), but to put before the visitor, clearly and briefly, information which is likely to be of service to him. It is hoped, too, that it may be the means of further calling to the attention of the travelling public, the advantages offered by the Grand Union Hotel, which, in brief, are as follows : It is just across the street from the Grand Central Depot, to and from which baggage of guests is taken free. Its location is convenient, street-cars and ele- vated roads passing its doors, to all points. It is conducted on the European plan, and comfortable and well-furnished rooms may be obtained at prices ranging from %\ to $5 per day. The cuisine is first-class, and the prices are very moderate. It has a very large patronage, and guests can live well at the Grand Union for less money than at any other first-class hotel in New- York City. Take Your Time. — New-Yorkers conduct business as though life were fleeting. Go down town and watch the men in the streets ! Every one seems in a desperate hurry ; and the visitor, without realizing it, is apt to become imbued with the all-pervading hurry and scurry, and finds himself rushing and elbowing his way through the crowd. This haste is a characteristic of New-Yorkers, and the traveller who wishes to see the city well must avoid their example. He rfust go slow, and enjoy what he sees. Nothing is more fatiguing than sight-seeing. Put up comfortably at the Grand Union Hotels and don't try to see every thing in a day. OTIS ELEVATORS, The standard for thirty-five Years. OTIS BRO'S & CO., 38 Park Row, New York. NEW-YORK CITY. New York is the chief city of America in wealth and population, and is second only to London as a financial and commercial centre of the world. Its population is about 1,500,000, one-third of whom are of foreign birth — mainly Irish and German. It covers over 27,000 acres of ground, and is about sixteen miles long, and from one-half to four and one-half miles wide. It is the main seaport of the United States. Upwards of 30,000 vessels annually arrive and depart from it. It is the great gateway for immigrants coming to this country. In one year 476,086 were landed at Castle Garden. It is the foremost manufacturing city of the United States, Philadelphia being the only city which approaches it in this field. According to the census of 1880, the value of articles manufactured in the city during the year was $472,926,437. There are 11,000 factories, one-fourth of which are devoted to clothing, cigars, furniture, and printing, 950 clothing establishments produce $78,000,000 worth of goods yearly ; 540 print- ing and publishing houses turn out $24,000,000 worth a year; 761 factories produce $18,000,000 worth of cigars; and 300 shops make $10,000,000 worth of furniture. It is the Mecca toward which Amer- icans journey, and the city where millionnaires, no matter where they may have acquired their wealth, come to live, and to spend their money. No other American city furnishes such manifold and un- bounded opportunities for disposing of superfluous wealth. Fifth and Madison Avenues are lined with palaces, peopled by men grown rich in other places. No city of the world has such magnificent dwellings, such prodigious commercial and public buildings, such 9 10 How to Know New York, interesting shops and stores. It is the city which every American longs at some time to see ; and we will remark, with the modesty which is always characteristic of hotel-men, that the proper place for them to stop while seeing it, is at the Grand Union Hotel, opposite the Grand Central Depot. Aside from the so-called objects of in- terest, such as museums, parks, theatres, etc., the visitor will find in the public streets, and the people who throng them, an endless source of amusement and interest. New York is eminently a cosmopolitan city. Its population is made up of the people of every clime. In different parts of the city, there are colonies made up almost exclu- sively of foreigners. " Germany." — East of Second Avenue, and extending from Houston up to 14th Street, is a region called "Germany." Here one can study the Teutonic character, without the danger of an ocean-voyage. Signs are in German ; the German language is spoken ; lager-beer is the prevailing fluid; and, with the aid of a lively imagination, the visitor may fancy himself in the " Vaterland." " Italy " is the name given to another part of the city, centring about the Five Points. Here children of sunny Italy may be found disporting themselves in great numbers, many of them still wearing their picturesque native costumes, and speaking no language but their own. They are peaceable, industrious, and sober citizens. Cleanli- ness, however, is not their specialty. The entire Italian population do not, as is commonly supposed, devote themselves to the manip- ulation of the hand-organ, or the sale of the cheap (yet nutritious) peanut. Many of them are waiters, rag-pickers, and street-laborers ; and among the higher class, there are music-teachers, literary men, professors of languages, etc. ** China.''' — The traveller desirous of viewing the almond-eyed Celes- tial in his full glory, should visit Mott Street on a Sunday night. Here * John " may be seen, arrayed in all the splendor of Chinese apparel, his shirt-tails picturesquely worn outside, and his pigtail floating in the breeze, indulging in the relaxation to which his six days and nights of uninterrupted labor at the great Chinese national industry, laundrying, has so richly entitled him. Here he smokes his opium, How to Know New York, II plays his mysterious games of chance, worships in his peculiar way, and minds his own business with a steadfastness of purpose which is worthy of emulation by people claiming to be more advanced in civilization than he. Among the women of the lower class of Irish and Italians, " John " is looked upon as a prize in the matrimonial market He makes a good husband; for he not only provides the funds for the maintenance of the family, but, at odd times, tends the baby, and does all the housework, washing, sewing, etc. His dispo- sition is peaceful ; but when disputes arise, as they will in the best- regulated households, his pigtail, always within easy reach, offers the partner of his joys and sorrows a convenient medium for the vin- dication of her outraged feelings. When a robust female attaches herself to the end of " John's " pigtail, he generally yields the point in dispute, without further argument. In this outlandish quarter, you may buy, at the Chinese groceries, the luscious Langi nuts, and the leathery abalene, which looks and tastes like ancient boot-heels. Here the Chinese Freemasons hold their mystic lodges; and quaint New- Year's festivities enliven the scene ; and devout Celestials wor- ship their strange gods, in the joss-house at 202 Park Row. ''Africa."" — Thompson Street, just north of Canal Street, is some- times called by this name, by reason of its being almost exclusively oc- cupied by the dusky Ethiopian. The negroes are industrious and peace- able citizens, good-natured and happy under all circumstances. It is a popular superstition, that the negro, on the slightest pretext, "pulls a razor," and proceeds to carve every one in his vicinity, revelling meanwhile in gore. The writer, however, has several times pene- trated the jungles of Thompson Street, and has thus far escaped either mutilation or sudden death. "Judcea" is near the east end of Canal Street, around Ludlow Street and East Broadway, where this wondrously preserved Semitic people are found in great numbers. There are nearly 100,000 Hebrews in New York, with about 30 synagogues, and twice as many smaller shrines, and a score of societies of charity. They form one-tenth of the city's population, but less than one-hundredth of its criminals come from their number. There are 42 Hebrew millionnaires in New 12 How to Know New York, York ; their estates ranging from Max Weil's $8,000,000, downward through the Seligmans and Wormsers and Bernheimers, to the score of one-million-dollar men. Population. — The census (1880) gives New York 1,206,299 inhabit ants, of whom 727,629 were American born, and 478,670 of foreign birth. Of these, 198,595 were from Ireland, 29,767 from England, 8,683 from Scotland, and 929 from Wales. Germany contributed 153,482; Italy, 12,233; France, 9,910; Russia, 4,551; Spain, 669. There were 17,937 New-Jersey-born New-Yorkers j 11,055 ^''O'^ Pennsylvania; 10,589 from Massachusetts. BuildingSj etc. — There are over 100,000 buildings in the city, 70,000 of which are below 59th Street. 25,000 of them are used for business purposes, and 77,000 for dwellings. 140 of the buildings are fire- proof. There are 306 piers, and 144 bridges. Districts. — The city has 24 assembly districts, 7 State senatorial districts, and 9 Congressional districts. There are 612 polling-places and registries. Fire-Department consists of 84 steam fire-engines, 2 water-towers, 32 hook-and-ladder trucks, a life-saving corps, 1,080 miles of fire- alarm telegraph, 980 alarm-boxes, 260 horses, and 1,000 men. It costs 51,700,000 a year. There are 73 companies, making 12 battal* ions, each under a chief of battalion. Police-Department has 35 precincts and station-houses, 75 patrol- wagons, 6 courts, and 3,200 men (each getting $800 to $1,200 a year). The headquarters is at 300 Mulberry Street, where the Rogues ' Gal- lery is kept. Distances. — Battery to City Hall, J mile; to Canal Street, i^ mile-, to 4th Street, 2 miles. Above 3d Street the blocks between the streets bearing numbers are twenty to a mile, and the blocks be- tween the avenues are seven to a mile. How to Know New York, 13 RAILROAD DEPOTS. The following is a list of the principal railroads running into New York, the location of the depots, and how to reach the same from the Grand Union Hotels Fourth Avenue and 42d Street (or vice versa). All the elevated railroads have stations at 42d Street. The directions are in Italic type. Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. — Depot at Jersey City. Ferry from foot of Liberty Street. Sixth-avenue Elevated Road to Cortlandt-street Station. Central Railroad of New Jersey. — Depot at Jersey City. Ferry from foot of Liberty Street. Sixth-avenue Elevated Road to Cort- landt-street Station. Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western Railroad (Morris and Essex). — Depot at Hoboken. Ferry from foot of Barclay Street, or Christo- pher Street. Ninth-avenue Elevated to Christopher-street Station^ or Sixth-avenue Elevated to Park Place {for Barclay-street Ferry). Erie Railroad. — Depot at Jersey City. Ferry foot of Chambers Street, or West 23d Street. Sixth-avenue Elevated to Chambers- street Station^ or Third-avenue Elevated to 2jd-sireet Station^ and ftreet-car across. Harlem Railroad. — See New York and Harlem. Hudson-River Railroad. — See New-York Central and Hudson-River Railroad. Long-Island Railroad. — Depot at Hunter's Point. Ferry from East 34th Street. Third-avenue Elevated to 34ih Street^ and ^4th-street branch of Elevated to ferry. Morris and Essex Railroad. — See Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western. New-Jersey Central Railroad. — See Central Railroad of New Jersey. New-Jersey Southern Railroad. — Depot at Sandy Hook. Steamer from foot of Rector Street. Sixth-avenue Elevated to Rector Street. New-Jersey and New- York Railroad. — Depot at Jersey City. Ferry foot of Chambers Street and West 2id Street. Sixth-avenue Elevated DE GRAFF & TAYLOR CO., Furniture Manufacturers AND Nos. 47 and 49 West 14th St., and 48 West 15th St., New-York City. ESTABLISHED 1870. N. E. MONTROSS, MANUFACTURER AND DEALER IN PAINTS, OILS, COLORS, AND VARNISHES, ARTISTS', FRESCO, AND CARRIAGE PAINTERS' SUPPLIES, 1380 BROAD^ATAY, Between 37th and 38th Streets, NEW YORK. Hew to Know New York. '5 to Chambers-street Station^ or Third-avenue Elevated to West-2jd-street Stat ion J and street-car across. New-York City and Northern Railroad. — Depot at 155th Street. Sixth-avenue Elevated Road, New-York Central and Hudson-River Railroad. — Grand Cejttral Depot. (The Grand Union Hotel is just across the street.) New-York and Harlem Railroad. — Grand Central Depot. (The Grand Uniofi Hotel is just across the street.) New-York, New-Haven^ and Hartford Railroad. — Grand Central Depot. (The Grattd Unioji Hotel is just across the street.) Ne w- York and Ne w- England Railroad. — Grand Central Depot. (The Grand Union Hotel is just across the street.) New-York, Ontario, and Western Railroad. — Depot at Weehavvken Ferry from foot of West 42d Street, ^pd-street Cross-town cars {white) pass the Grand Union Hotel, reaching the ferry in teti minutes. Pennsylvania Railroad. — Depot at Jersey City. Ferries at foot of Cortlandt Street and Desbrosses Street. Sixth-avenue Elevated to Cortlandt Street, or Ninth-avenue to Desbrosses Street. Philadelphia and Reading Railroad. — Depot at foot of Liberty Street. Sixth-avenue Elevated to Cortlandt Street, West-Shore Railroad. — Depots at Jersey City and Weehawken. Ferries from foot of Jay Street, and West 42d Street. 42d-strect Cross-town cars {white) pass the Grand Union Hotel, reaching ^^d- street Ferry in ten minutes. THE TRAVELERS' EXCHANGE 30 UNION SQUARE, NEW YORK. This is one of New York's Institutions, and should be visited by strangers. One will find here a Railroad and Steamship Ticket Office, where tickets can be bought at lowest rates. Information of every kind about same furnished also, free of charge. A bank where Foreign Moneys are bought and sold, and cheques and drafts of the Cheque Bank issued for one Pound and upward, etc. Also a Passport Department for Foreign Travelers. Also a Cable Office (Mackay-Bennett Cable), where messages can be sent direct. Also a Long-Distance Telephone, and Maps, Time Tables, Guide Books, etc. E. & H. T. ANTHONY & CO., MANUFACTURERS AND IMPORTERS OF PBOTOG^APHIC INSTRUMENTS, Apparatus, and Supplies, 591 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. DETECTIVE AND VIEW CAMERAS IN GKEAT VARIETY. OUTFITS FOR THE AMATEUR. Sole Proprietors of the Schmid Detective Climax Detective, Satchel Detective, the Lilliput, Fairy, Novel, Front Focus Novel- ette, Victor, and a large number of others. Sole Agents for the celebrated Dallmeyer Lenses. Dry Plates of all the best makes and Photographic Goods of every description, Magnesium Flash Lamps and Powders, Books of Instruction, etc. Send for Illustrated Catalogue. THE GUESTS' WORK OF THE QRAND UNION HOTBL IS DONE BY THE Continental Steam Laundry, 39 CLINTON PLACE, ALL WORK GUARANTEED. ROBERT SNODGRASS, Prop. How to Know New York. ill STEAMBOATS AND STEAMSHIPS. Ocean Steamships. — All the principal transatlantic steamships sail from the port of New York. A visit to one of them will repay the stranger. Select a steamer of the Cunard, White Star, Guion, or French lines, or the " City of Paris " of the Inman line, and go down to the dock an hour or so before the sailing-time (see daily papers). The vessel will be crowded with passengers and their friends, the saloon gay with floral offerings, and every thing open to inspection. When the warning-bell rings, hurried farewells and parting injunctions and admonitions are given, and those who are to go on shore scurry down the gang-plank. Slowly the vessel backs out from the pier, and amid cheers, and waving of handkerchiefs, and a chorus of good-bys, slowly turns her prow towards the many miles of trackless ocean which lie between her and her destination. About this time the man who is always late comes rushing breath- lessly down the pier, only to find that he is left again. It is of no avail for him frantically to wave his umbrella, and with shrill expostulation command the vessel to return. Those mighty engines will never cease to throb and pulse until the Old World is sighted. The fastest trip on record, across the Atlantic, was made by the "City of Paris," of the Inman Line, between Queenstown and New York — five days, eighteen hours, and forty-five minutes. The dis- tance is a little short of three thousand miles. A vessel well worth seeing is the " City of Rome ** of the Anchor Line, the largest passenger steamer afloat. Her length is 560 feet, — nearly three city-blocks, — and her breadth 52 feet. Her engines are of 8,000 indicated horse-power, and are capable of being worked up to 15,000 horse-power. She has accommodations for 480 first- class passengers. She is beautifully fitted up, — in fact, a floating palace. The principal ocean lines sailing out of New York are, — 1 8 How to Know New York. FOR EUROPE. Anchor Line. — New York to Glasgow. Saturdays. Pier 20 (old), N. R., foot of Dey Street. Fares, first cabin, I50 to $60; second cabin, $30. Henderson Bros., Agents, No. 7 Bowling Green. Anchor Line. — New York to Liverpool. Steamer " City of Rome." Every fourth Wednesday. Pier 41, N. R. Fares, first cabin, |6o to ^00. Henderson Bros., Agents, No. 7 Bowling Green. Cunard Line. — New York to Liverpool. Saturdays. Pier 40 (new), N. R., foot of Clarkson Street. Fares, first cabin, $80 to ^125. Vernon H. Brown & Co., Agents, No. 4 Bowling Green. French Line. — New York to Havre. Wednesdays. Pier 42 (new), N. R., foot of Morton Street. Fares, first cabin, ^80 to $100 ; second cabin, $60. L. de Bebian & Co., Agents, No. 3 Bowling Green. Guion Line. — New York to Liverpool. Tuesdays. Pier 38 (new), N. R., foot of King Street. Fares, first cabin, ^60, ^80 to j^ioo ; second cabin, $35 to $60. A. M. Underbill & Co., Agents, No. 29 Broadway. Hamburg- American. — New York to Hamburg. Thursdays and Saturdays. Pier foot of First Street, Hoboken. Fares, first cabin, $50, ;^6o to ^75. C. B. Richard & Co., Agents, No. 61 Broadway. Inman Line. — New York to Liverpool. Saturdays. P'oot of Grand Street, Jersey City. Fares, first cabin, ^60, $80 to 100. Peter Wright & Sons, Agents, Washington Building, No. i Broadway. National Line. — New York to Liverpool. Saturdays. Pier 39 (new), N. R., foot of Houston Street. Fares, first cabin, $60 to $70. National Line. — New York to London. Pier 39 (new), N. R., foot of Houston Street. Fares, first cabin, $55 to $60. North-German Lloyd. — New York to Bremen. Wednesdays and Saturdays. Pier foot of Second Street, Hoboken. Fares, first cabin, |8o to $175; second cabin, $60. Oelrichs & Co., Agents, No. 2 Bowling Green. Red-Star Line. — From New York to Antwerp and Paris. Satur- days. Pier foot of Grand Street, Jersey City, adjoining Pennsylvania R.R. depot. Fares, first cabin, $60 to ^75 ; second cabin, ^^45. Peter Wright & Sons, Agents, Nos. 7 and 55 Broadway. Hoiv to Know New York. 19 State Line. — New York to Glasgow. Thursdays. Pier 41, N. R., foot of Leroy Street. Fares, first cabin, $50 to $60; second cabin» $30. Austin Baldwin & Co., Agents, No. 53 Broadway. White-Star Line. — New York to Liverpool. Wednesdays and Sat- urdays. Pier 45 (new), N. R., foot of West loth Street. Fares, first cabin, $60, $80 to ^100; second cabin, $35. R. B. Ismay, Agent, No. 37 Broadway. FOR BERMUDA AND WEST INDIES. Quebec Steamship Company. — New York to Bermuda. Wednes. days. Pier 47 (new), N. R. Fares, first cabin, $30; excursion, j^ 50 ; second cabin, $20; excursion, $33.50. A. E. Outerbr'dge & Co., Agents, No. 51 Broadway. FOR CUBA AND MEXICO. New- York, Havana^ and Mexican Steamship Company. — New York to Havana. Thursdays, 3 p.m. Pier 3, N. R. Fares, to Havana, first cabin, $50; to Vera Cruz, Mexico, first cabin, $85. F. Alexandre & Sons, Agents, No. 31 Broadway. FOR CUBA AND NASSAU. New- York and Cuba Steamship Company. — New York to Havana. Saturdays, 3 P.M. Pier 16, E. R. Fares, to Havana, $50; to Santiago and Cienfuegos, via South-side Line, $60. New- York and Cuba Steamship Company. — New York to Nassau. Thursdays, 3 p.m. Pier 16, E. R. Fares, to Nassau, excursion, $50; to Porto Rico, San Domingo, ^5^75. James E. Ward & Co., Agents, No. 113 Wall Street. FOR WEST INDIES AND SOUTH AND CENTRAL AMERICA. Atlas Liite. — New York to Kingston, Jamaica. Every 14 days. Pier 55, N. R. Fares, first cabin, $50 ; second cabin, $35. Pim, For- wood, & Co., Agents, No. 22 State Street. FOR ST. THOMAS AND SOUTH AMERICA. United-States and Brazil Mail-Steamship Company. — New York to St. Thomas and Rio de Janeiro. Monthly. Roberts' Stores, Brook* 20 How to Know New York. lyn. Fares, first cabin to St. Thomas, $75; to Rio de Janeiro, $i5a Paul F. Gerhard & Co., Agents, No. 84 Broad Street. COASTWISE STEAMSHIPS. The principal coastwise steamship lines sailing irom the port of New York are, — Cromwell Lme. — New York to New Orleans, La. Wednesdays and Saturdays, 3 P.M. Pier 9, N. R. Fares, cabin, $40; Steerage, $20. S. H. Seaman, agent. Pier 9, North River. Mallory Line. — New York to Jacksonville and Fernandina, Fla. Fridays, 3 p.m. Pier 21, E. R. Fares, to Fernandina, first cabin, $21.50; to Jacksonville, $23. Mallory Line. — New York to Galveston and Key "West. Wednes- days and Saturdays, 3 p.m. Pier 20, E. R. Fares, to Galveston, Tex., $50 ; to Key West, Fla., $40. C. H. Mallory & Co., Agents. Pier 21, East River. New-York and Charleston Steamship Company. — New York to Charleston, S.C. Wednesdays and Saturdays, 3 p.m. Pier 29, N. R. Fares, first cabin, $20 ; excursion, ^32. Nev^ York and Charleston Steamship Company. — New York to Savannah. Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, 3 p.m. Pier 27, N. R., foot Park Place. Fares, first cabin, ^20; excursion, $32. W. H. Rhett, Agent, No. 317 Broadway. Old Dominion Line. — New York to Norfolk, Va. Tuesdays, Thurs- days, and Saturdays, 3 p.m. Pier 26 (new), N. R., foot of Beach Street. Fares, to Norfolk, Va., $8.50; excursion, $16. Old Domijtion Line. — New York to Richmond, Va. Wednesdays and Saturdays, 3 p.m. Pier 26, N. R. Fares, to Richmond, $io; ex- cursion, $18. Old Dominion Steamship Company, Agents, No. 235 West Street. River and Sound Steamboats. — Foreigners sailing into New- York Harbor for the first time are amazed at the grandeur of the River and Sound steamers. Nearly all are side-wheelers, usually painted white, and many are of great size and speed. C. A. WELLINGTON & CO. IMPORTERS OF TILES CONTRACTORS FOR TILE FLOORS, WALLS. AND ALL KINDS OF FIREPLACE WORK. SOLE UNITED STATES AGENTS GHILARDI MOSAIC. ARTISTIC WROUGHT IRON. 44 BOYLSTON ST., - - - BOSTON, MASS. Example of Tile and Fireplace Work at Grand Union Hotel, New York. "BASS ALE," -Ajsrr) "CHAMPAGNE CIDER," 22 How to Know New York. The famous steamers " Massachusetts " and *' Connecticut " of the Providence Line, from Pier 29, North River, run direct to Providence, connecting for Boston, Worcester, Nashua, Concord, White Mountains, Bar Harbor, and all points north and east. They are equipped with every luxury, and are veritable floating palaces. For those who are not good sailors, and are troubled with seasick- ness, the "inside route " to Boston, via the Stonington Line, is always popular. It is entirely within the limits of Long Island Sound, and, except in cases of extreme weather, is usually a very quiet, easy, restful trip. The principal lines, with their location, and the best way of reaching them from the Grand Union Hotel, are shown below. All Elevated Railroads have stations at 42d Street. N. R., = North River. E. R., = East River. LONG.ISLAND SOUND STEAMERS. Name of Line, New York TO — Start from Foot OF — Elevated Station and Line Nearest. Stonington Line. Boston. Spring St., N, R. Desbrosses St,, 9th Avenue. Providence Line. Boston. Warren St., N. R, Chambers St., 6th Avenue. Norwich Line. Boston, Canal St., N, R. Desbrosses St., 9th Avenue Fall-River Line. Boston. Murray St,, N. R. Park Place, 6th Avenue. Hartford Line. Hartford, Peck Slip, E. R, Fulton St., 3d Avenue. New-HavenLine. New Haven. Peck Slip, E. R, Fulton St., 3d Avenue. Bridgeport Line. Bridgeport. | Peck Slip and Catherine St., E, R. Fulton St., 3d Avenue, and Chatham Square, 3d Avenue. HUDSON-RIVER STEAMERS. Name of Line ^^^ York Start from Foot Elevated Station and Line ' 'rn — <-.=■ — Nearest. People's Line. Citizens' Line. Day Line. Albany. Albany and Troy, Albany and inter, points, Canal St., N, R, Christopher St., N, R. Vestry St., N, R. Desbrosses St., 9th Avenue. 8th St., 6th Ave., and street- cars. Desbrosses St,, 9th Avenue. How to Know New York. 23 LOCAL MODES OF CONVEYANCE. Elevated Railroads render getting about easy and rapid in New-York City, which being long and narrow, makes distances great. There are four of these roads ; viz., the Second, Third, Sixth, and Ninth Avenue " L" lines. All of them extend the length of the city, and start from South Ferry, which is at the extreme lower end. One branch of the Third-avenue line runs to and from the City Hall and Brooklyn Bridge to Chatham Square, where it joins the main line. Another branch runs through 42d Street to the Grand Central Depot, just across the street from which is the Grand Union Hotel. Another branch, on the Third and Second Avenue lines, runs from the 34th-street stations to the 34th-street Ferry. All the lines have stations at 42d Street, within easy distance of the Grand Central Depot and Grand Union Hotel. A good idea of the magnitude of the city may be obtained by taking the Third-avenue Elevated Road to South Ferry, changing there, and taking the Sixth-avenue line to 155th Street, and back to 42d Street, and walk or take horse-cars three blocks east to the hotel. The speed of the trains is about fifteen miles an hour. Fare. — The fare on all the elevated roads \s five cents^ with no extra charges for transfers to the branch lines. Horse-Cars. — There are over forty lines of horse-cars in the city. Space permits us to mention only a few of the principal ones : — Broadway Line, from the Battery, up Broadway, to 45th Street, and thence up Seventh Avenue to Central Park (59th Street). Madisen-avenue Line, from Post-office to Fourth Avenue, up Fourth .Avenue (passing Grand Union Hotel and Grand Central Depot), to Madison Avenue, to 138th Street. Third-avenue Line, from Post-office to Third Avenue, and up Third Avenue (passing within one block of Grand Union Hotel and Grand Central Depot), to Harlem. 24 How to Know New York. Sixth-avenue Line, from Broadway and Vesey Streets to Sixth Ave- nue, and up Sixth Avenue (passing within two blocks of Grand Unioij Hotel and Grand Central Depot), to Central Park (59th Street). Belt Line, from Battery along the East-river front to 59th Street, across 59ih Street, and down to Battery again on North-river front (west aide). This line passes all ferries, steamboat and steamship docks. Cross-town Lines cross the city from river to river, at Canal Street, Grand Street, Houston Street, 14th Street, 23d Street, 42d Street, 59th Street, and 125th Street. Boulevard Line (green cars) passes through 42d Street, in front of Grand Union Hotel, up the Western Boulevard to Riverside Park and General Grant's tomb. Fare. — The fare on all the lines is five cents. >S. — There is now but one line of stages (or omnibuses) in the city. The route is from the corner of South Fifth Avenue and Bleecker Street up Fifth Avenue to 72d Street. These stages, or coaches, are a great improvement over the "busses " used for so many years in New York. They are handsome in appearance, are drawn by large, well-kept horses, and the drivers are neatly uniformed. There are seats for twelve persons inside, and six on top. A ride the full length of this line, known as the "Fifth-avenue coaches," is strongly recommended, as it leads through a most superb part of the city. Ladies frequently ride on top, and there is no impropriety in so doing. The stages pass one block west of the Grand Union Hotel. Fare. — The fare is five cents. Ca6s and Carriages. — Before hiring a cab or carriage, be sure to make an exact agreement with the driver as to the charge. Fares are high, but the driver will often try to get more than is legally due him ; and a wrangle is apt to ensue, unless a bargain is made beforehand. Hansoms, or open London Cabs, have become very popular. It is easy to get in and out, and the passenger has an uninterrupted view. A pleasant way of seeing the city, is to hire one of these vehicles by the How to Know New York. 25 hour, and be driven through the principal streets. By applying at the hotel office, cabs or carriages with trustworthy drivers may be obtained at the regular rates, and no trouble will be had. City Ordinances fix the legal rates for cabs and coaches, and make the following regulations; — Sect. 89. — The price, or rates of fare, to be asked or demanded by the owners or drivers of hackney-coaches or cabs, shall be as fol- lows: — One-Horse "Cabs," or "Hansoms." i. — For conveying one or more persons any distance, sums not exceeding the following amounts : fifty cents for the first mile or part thereof; and each additional half- mile or part thereof, twenty-five cents. By distance, for " stops " of over five minutes, and not exceeding fifteen minutes, twenty-five cents. For longer stops, the rate will be twenty-five cents for every fifteen minutes or fraction thereof, if more than five minutes. For a brief stop, not exce<;ding five minutes in a single trip, there will be no charge. 2. — For the use of a cab (or hansom) by the hour, with the privilege of going from place to place, and stopping as often and long as may be required, one dollar for the first hour or part thereof; and for each succeeding half-hour or part thereof, fifty cents. Two-Horse " Coaches." 3. — For conveying one or more persons any distance, sums not exceeding the following amounts : one dollar for the first mile or part thereof; and each additional half-mile or part thereof, forty cents. By distance, for stops of over five minutes, and not exceeding fifteen minutes, thirty-eight cents. For longer stops, the rate will be thirty-eight cents for every fifteen minutes. For a brief stop, not exceeding five minutes in a single trip, there will be no charge. 4. — For the use of a coach by the hour, with privilege of going from place to place, and stopping as often and long as may be re- quired, one dollar and fifty cents for the first hour or part thereof; and for each succeeding half-hour or part thereof, seventy-five cents. 5. — No cab or coach shall be driven the time-rate at a pace less than five miles an hour. 26 How to Know New York. 6. — From " line balls," one or two passengers, to any point south of 59th Street, two dollars; each additional passenger, fifty cents; north of 59th Street, each additional mile shall be charged for at a rate not to exceed fifty cents per mile. 7. — Every owner or driver of any hackney-coach or cab shall carry on his coach or cab one piece of baggage, not to exceed fifty pounds in weight, without extra charge ; but for any additional baggage he may carry, he shall be entitled to extra compensation, at the rate of twenty-five cents per piece. Sect. 100. — There shall be fixed in each hackney-coach or cab, in such a manner as can be conveniently read by any person riding in the same, a card containing the name of the owner of said carriage, the number of his license, and the whole of section 89 of this article, printed in plain, legible characters, under a penalty of revocation of license for violation thereof, said section to be provided by the License Bureau in pamphlet or card form, and to be furnished free to the owner of such hackney-coach or cab. It shall be the duty of the driver of every such hackney-coach or cab, at the commencement of his employment, to present the passen- ger employing him with a printed card or slip containing, in case of cabs, subdivisions i and 2, and in case of coaches, subdivisions 3 and 4, of section 89 of this article. Sect. 105. — Any person or persons who shall violate any or either of the provisions of sections 98 to 106, both inclusive, of this article, shall be liable to a penalty of ten dollars. How to Know New York, 27 PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND LOCALITIES. With few exceptions, the public buildings of the city are not im- posing or elegant. Most of them, built many years ago, suffer by contrast with the great commercial piles which have more recently been erected. The most important are named below. Assay Office on Wall Street, just east of Nassau, is the oldest build- ing on the street, having been built for the United-States Branch Bank, in 1823. Here gold and silver are brought in the crude state, and assayed, refined, and cast into bars, to be made into coin else- where. As high as $100,000,000 in bullion is sometimes assayed here in a year. Here may be seen $50,000,000 or more, stacked up in shining gold bricks. Visitors are admitted between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m., and shown the various processes of assaying. Cast/e Garden is at the extreme southern end of the city, in the Battery Park. It is open to visitors at 1 1 a.m. As it is the gateway of America to hundreds of thousands of immigrants, it has a deep in- terest for all citizens. Of the 10,000,000 foreigners who have landed in our country in the past century, the majority have passed through this portal. Irish and Briton and Dutch though we be. We are each all Yank in our welcome by thee, Columbia. Entering the enclosure, we see the fine old brown-stone ramparts of Castle Clinton, with its walled-up embrasures. The National Gov- ernment built this fortress in 1807, and gave it to the city in 1823; and here were held the great popular receptions to Andrew Jackson (1832), President Tyler (1843), ^^^^ Lafayette {1S24). In later days it became a fashionable opera-house, where the grand voices of Sontag, MariO; Parodi, and Jenny Lind were heard. In 1855 the immigrant depot was established here, for the reception of incomers from Europe, who find here their friends or letters, reliable boarding-house keepers, CONSUMERS ICE COMPANY Office and Depot, foot of Horatio Street, NORTH RIVKR, DEALERS IN Hudson River and Maine Ice Hotels, Restaurants, Families, Stores, Offices, Butchers, Confectioners, Etc., Supplied on Short Notice and at Moderate Prices. Orders will k Promptly and Faithfully Executed It is requested that any neglect by our Employees will be reported at the office of the Gjmpany. ALEXANDER M. EARLE, President. Alfred B. Darling, Vice-Pres. \Vm. p. Earle, Treas. Stephen B. Colgate, Secy. TRUSTEES. Alfred B. Darling • Fifth Avenue Hotel William P. Earle Earle's Hotel Gardner Wetherbee . • Windsor Hotel Pierson S. Halstead Halstead & Co. George E. Weeks Augusta, Maine William Ottmanm Fulton Market Alex. M. Earle Earle & Co. Joseph Park Park & Tilford Charles H. Kerner Clarendon Hotel How to Know New York, 29 railroad tickets for the West, physicians for the sick, cheap, plain food, protection and shelter. It is a most interesting sight when a steam- ship load of Italian or German immigrants are debarked here, with their strange baggage and appurtenances. City Hall, in the City-hall Park, was erected in 1803, in what was then the outskirts of the city. It is of white marble, built in the Italian style ; the back being of brown-stone, as the authorities, eighty years ago, fancied that the town would never grow beyond it. The governor's room contains the desk on which Washington wrote his first message to Congress, the chair in which he was inaugurated, many historical portraits, and other objects of interest. A movement is now under way to build a new City Hall. County Court House is on Chambers Street, near Broadway. It is a white marble building, in the Corinthian style, chiefly interesting as being the most costly building of its size ever erected. It was built in 1869-70, during the reign of William M. Tweed, the leader of the New- York "ring," when the city-debt increased nearly $50,000,000. Most of this amount was alleged to have been expended on this build- ing. But the lion's share of it came back in the form of " rebates " and " commissions " to the guileless William and his associates. He after- wards died at Blackwell's Island. The Court House stands in the City-hall Park. Custom House, on Wall Street, at the corner of William Street, is a large and sombre pile of Quincy granite. The portico is supported by 18 granite columns 38 feet high and 4^ feet in diameter, cut in one piece. The rotunda is a beautiful and lofty round hall, surrounded by pilasters of variegated marble. The Custom House cost $1,800,000. East-River Bridge, or, more popularly, the " Brooklyn Bridge," spans the East River, and connects the cities of New York and Brooklyn. The length of the bridge is 5,989 feet, and it is 89 feet wide. It is suspended from four steel-wire cables, each 16 inches in diameter. In the centre is an elevated promenade, on each side of which is a railroad-track for passenger-cars propelled by a stationary engine. Outside of the railroad-track, on each side, are the roadways for vehicles. From the under side of the bridge, in the centre, to the 3^ How to Know New York. water, is 135 feet. Ordinary vessels can easily pass beneath. Very large sailing-vessels have to lower their topmasts to go under. The fare for foot-passengers is i cent, or, if tickets are bought, i of a cent. The single fare on the cars is 3 cents, or ten tickets for 25 cents. Several " cranks " have leaped off the bridge into the river, bent on suicide, or achieving notoriety. Up to the present time, only one has been killed, the others having unfortunately survived. The total cost of the bridge was $15,000,000. It is a notable experience to walk across the bridge by the elevated footway, on a calm and pleasant day, and get the noble panoramic views of the two great cities, and the thronged river and harbor. This wonderful pontifical work, the greatest in the world, was built between 1870 and 1883. 15,000,000 persons cross the bridge annually. The piers reach a height of 272 feet above high tide, and rest on caissons of yellow pine, iron, and concrete, sunk in the bed of the river. There is wire enough used in the cables to stretch nearly \ of the way around the world. To go to the Bridge, take the City-hall train on the Third- avenue Elevated Road. High Bridge^ by which the Croton Aqueduct is carried across the Harlem River, at 175th Street, in cast-iron pipes 7^X8^ feet in size, is a very picturesque and noble stone structure of 13 arches, over 100 feet above the river, and 1,400 feet long. There is a footpath over the bridge, and a lofty stand-pipe at one end. Jefferson-Market Court and Prison is a picturesquely irregular pile at the corner of Sixth Avenue and loth Street, of brick and sandstone, in Lombardo-Gothic architecture. At one corner is a fine round tower, of graceful and effective proportions. Ludlow-Street daily near Essex Market and Grand Street, is a massive brick structure for debtors, United-States prisoners, and derelict militia-men. Among its guests have been Tweed, Connolly, Fish, Ward, and other notorious politicians and financiers of New Yoil:. Navy Yard. — Wallabout Bay, Brooklyn. (Cross Fulton Ferry, and take horse-cars.) The principal naval station of the country, and of melancholy interest as illustrating the decay of the American navy. How to Know New York, 3^ The yard contains an enormous stone dry-dock (built at a cost of 1^2,000,000), a museum, a library, and a number of venerable vessels- of-war of an obsolete and now wholly useless type. At the approach of a Presidential election, the yard presents a scene of great activity ; many hundreds of voters being engaged in taking down piles of ma- terial, and then piling them up again, at liberal wages, The great Marine Barracks and Marine Hospital are worthy of notice ; and also the parks of artillery, including many trophy-guns, captured in battle, from Mexican and other foes. In the British prison-ships moored in Wallabout Bay, 11,500 Americans died during the Revolutionary war. They are buried near by. Post-Office, at the junction of Broadway and Park Row, is an im- mense triangular building of Dix-Island (Maine) granite, which cost nearly $7,000,000, and was finished in 1875. Over 600,000,000 letters, newspapers, etc., are handled here annually. The office yields a profit, annually, of nearly $3,000,000, and is the largest in the United States. Register's Office, just east of the City Hall, was the British provost prison during the Revolutionary war, where many patriots were con- fined. State Arsenal is a gray-stone building with turrets, at Seventh Avenue and 35th Street, the headquarters of the State Ordnance and Quartermaster's Departments, and a militia brigade. Sub-Treasury, at the corner of Wall and Nassau Streets, a noble Doric building of white granite, covers the spot where Washington was inaugurated President. Here the City Hall was built, in 1700, with the cage, whipping-post, pillory, and stocks in front. The first United- States Congress under the Coi>stitution met here, when it was named Federal Hall; and for some years it was the State Capitol. The present building was erected and long used for the Custom House. On its roof four pieces of light artillery are kept, and rifle-men guard the promises at night. It contains vaults for the storage of gold and silver coin, notes, etc. On the granite steps in front stands a colossal bronze statue of Washington, by J. Q. A. Ward. The pedestal con- tains the stone on which Washington stood when he took the oath of 32 How to Know New York. office in April, 1789. Tliere is an impressive classic portico facing Broad Street. Tombs, the popular name given to the city prison, occupies the block bounded by Centre, Elm, Leonard, and Franklin Streets, and is a large and gloomy granite building in the pure Egyptian style. The hanging of criminals takes place here. Visitors are admitted on application at the office of the Commissioners of Charity and Corrections, corner of Third Avenue and nth Street. Sometimes more than five hun- dred prisoners are incarcerated within these frowning walls, — murder- ers, incendiaries, burglars, thieves, and all their horrid crew. The murderers' cells are of especial strength. The building dates from 1838, and holds prisoners awaiting trial, and convicts waiting to be ex- ecuted, or sent to the State prison. The Special Sessions and Tombs Police Court are held here. On this site in ancient times rippled the blue waters of a pretty lake, around which the Indians built their wig- wams. The Dutch found their mounds of shells here, and named the place Kalk-Hook, or Lime-shell Point, which degenerated into " The Collect." It was near the pond on this site, in the year 1626, that three of Minuit's farm-hands murdered a Weckquaesgeek Indian, who was bringing his furs down to sell. His young nephew escaped, and afterwards led the Indians in disastrous and vengeful forays on the colony. Knox's American infantry marched in to the Fresh-water Pond, and sat here in the long grass, while the British army was em- barking from New York, in 1783. Here, in 1796, occurred the first trial of a steamboat with a screw-propeller, John Fitch's invention. How to Know New York. 33 PARKS AND SQUARES. Central Park, the most beautiful and popular public domain in Amer- ica, only thirty years ago was a dreary region of swamps, thickets, and ledges, disfigured with heaps of cinders and rubbish, and dotted with the squalid shanties of degraded squatters. Since then a paradise has been created here, by an outlay of upwards of $15,000,000. Wind- ing lakelets and velvet lawns have succeeded the gloomy swamps, splendid driveways curve around the picturesque rocky knolls, foot- paths meander through the groves and thickets, and fine architecture and monuments of art are seen on every side. The Park extends from 59th Street to iioth Street (over 2^ miles), and from Fifth Avenue to Eighth Avenue (over ^ mile), covering 862 acres, of which 185 are in lakes and reservoirs, and 400 in forests, wherein over half a million trees and shrubs have been planted. There are 9 miles of roads, 5^ of bridle-paths, and 2SJ of walks. The landscape architects of the Park were Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux. Upwards of 12,000,000 people visit the Park every year, half of them on foot. The best way to get a general idea of this great pleasure-ground is to take one of the large public park-carriages, at the entrances on Fifth Avenue and Eighth Avenue. The fare to Mount St. Vincent, in the northern part, and return, is twenty-five cents. In the south-v/est part of the Park is the Ball-Ground, — a ten-acre lawn, where the boys may play cricket, base-ball, or tennis ; and adjoin- ing it on the north-east is the Carrousel^ for young children, with swings and other means of amusement. Close by is the Dairy, affording milk and light food for the little ones. Beyond is the Green, or Common, a lawn of 16 acres, made picturesque by grazing sheep, and thrown open to the people on Saturday. In the south-east part is the Mena- gerie, around the old castellated Arsenal building, and with many cages for animals, birds, a house full of monkeys of various kinds, bear-pits with amiable appearing ursine dwellers, and many other wild creatures, Patterson, Bevins & Plowright, iSS FOURTH AVENUE, Between 25th and 26th Streets, NEW YORK. Telephone No.^ j'jj, Twenty-First Street. Camp Chairs, Drapings, Etc., Furnished at Short Notice. JOBBERS IN gURCHARD & COr TEAS COFFEES, -o CHOCOLATE W, J. LEEDS. L. S. BURCHARD. 65 CORTLANDT ST., N. Y. HOTEL TRADE A SPECIALTY. Hoiv to Know New York. 35 whose movements are watched by thousands of visitors daily. In winter, when several circuses board their animals here, the resident population is augmented by sundry lions, tigers, bisons, leopards, camels, hippopotami, and other rare and interesting sojourners. The Mall is the chief promenade, nearly a quarter of a mile long, and 208 feet wide, bordered by double rows of American elms, with the Green on one side, and a bold, rocky ridge on the other. Here are the statues of Scott, Shakspeare, Burns, Fitz-Greene Halleck, the colossal Beethoven bust, and other artistic memorials. Beyond the Music Pavilion, where band-music is given on pleasant Saturday afternoons, is the Terrace, a sumptuous pile of light Albert-freestone masonry, with arcades and corridors, and rich carvings of birds and animals. Below is the Lower Terrace, an ornamental esplanade, in which stands the famous Bethesda Fountain, designed by Emma Stebbins, and made at Munich, and representing a lily-bearing angel, descending, and blessing the outflowing waters. Close by extends the Lake, 20 acres of winding water, devoted to public pleasure-boats in summer, and skating in winter. This part of the Park is reached direct from the 72d-street Station of the Third-avenue or Sixth-avenue Elevated railroads. Beyond the Lake is the Ramble, a delightful labyrinth of footpaths amid thickets, rocks, and streams. Farther on rises the Belvedere, a tall Norman tower of stone, overlooking the Park and the suburbs of New York, the Palisades, Long Island, Orange Mountain, and Westchester County. Next come the great reservoirs of Croton water, vast granite-walled structures containing 1,200,000 gallons of water. The American Museum of Natural His- tory is on the left, on Manhattan Square, a kind of annex to the Park, between 77th and 8iit Streets and Eighth and Ninth Avenues. The Metropolitan Museum of Art (see chapter on Art Galleries) is on the right, near 82d Street. Beyond the reservoirs extend the North Park, with the carriage- concourse on Great Hill; the North Meadow, of 19 acres; Harlem Meer, covering 12^ acres, and overlooked by ancient fortifications; and the deep ravine of M'Gowan's Pass, from which Leslie's British light-infantry drove the Continental troops, in September, 1776. Just 36 How to Know New York. beyond, on the plains of Harlem, the Maryland line came to the rescue of the retreating Virginians and Connecticut Rangers, and drove the British back, with heavy losses. Riverside Park occupies the high bank of the Hudson, from yid to 130th Street, 3 miles long, and averaging 500 feet wide, with 178 acres of land, much of which has been improved by landscape gardening. A magnificent driveway, cut into four broad sections by curving ribbons of lawns and trees, sweeps over the hills and along the edge of the bluff, affording very charming views of the Hudson River, Weehawken, Guttenberg, Edgewater, the Palisades, and upper Manhattan. On a noble elevation near the north end of the Park is the brick tomb in which Gen. Grant's body was temporarily laid, with imposing cere- monies, Aug. 8, 1885. You can look through the latticed door, and see the flower-laden receptacle in which the remains of the great hero are placed. Near the tomb is the old Claremont mansion. People who want to see Grant's tomb only, can go up on the Sixth-avenue Elevated to 125th Street, and thence go west on I22d Street and Riverside Avenue. Those who wish to ride through the whole park, with its lovely views of Weehawken and beyond, can take park- coaches (tvventy-five cents) from the Elevated station at Ninth Avenue and 72d Street. Around this wonderfully beautiful strip of park it is said will be the patrician residence-quarter of the New York of the twentieth century. Among the other public grounds of the great metropolis, we may mention a few of the most important. Battery (the) is the oldest park in the city. It covers 21 acres at the seaward end of the island, with trees, lawns, and walks, and a fine promenade around the sea-wall. Here stood the Battery erected by the Dutch founders of the city; and in later days, the aristocratic houses of the city fronted on its lawns. Sir Guy Carleton's British army embarked here on Nov. 25, 1783, a date still celebrated as Evacuation Day. On one side is Castle Garden, and on another the United-States Revenue Barge-Ofiice. Her-e the Elevated Railways terminate. There are beautiful harbor-views from the sea-wall. In How to Know New York. 37 July, 1776, the British frigates " Rose " and " Phoenix," with their decks protected by sand-bags, ran by the roaring Battery and up the Hudson, firing broadsides on to the town. Bowling Green, at the foot of Broadway, is a little oval park, with a weary fountain in its centre, and surrounded by ocean-steamship offices, foreign consulates, etc., and the great Produce Exchange, Washington Building, and Standard Oil Company's Building. On the site of the Washington Building {Cyrus W. Field's), in 1760, Archibald Kennedy, the collector of the port, built a large house, which afterwards became the headquarters of Lords Cornwallis and Howe, and Sir Henry Clinton and George Washington. Here also Talleyrand made his home. No. 3 Broadway was Benedict Arnold's dwelling. At No. 11, on the site of Burgomaster Kruger's Dutch tavern, was Gen. Gage's headquarters, in the old King's-Arms Inn. The Green was a treaty-ground with the Indians, the parade for the Dutch train-bands, and a cattle-market. In 1732 it was enclosed "for the beauty and ornament of said street, as well as for the delight of the inhabitants of this city." The present iron fence dates from 1770, and was formerly capped with round balls, which were knocked off, and used as cannon-balls by our artillery in the Revolution. In 1626, soon after Peter Minuit, first governor of New Netherlands, had ar- rived in the ship *' Sea Mew," and bought the island of Manhattan from the natives for $26, he built here Fort Amsterdam, a blockhouse surrounded by a cedar palisade. Seven years later it was enlarged by Wouter Van Twiller, and garrisoned by one hundred and four rotund Dutch soldiers. This site is now occupied by the block of six old-fashioned brick buildings south of the square. On the site of the Produce Exchange, in 1633, Wouter Van Twiller built the first church on Manhattan, and a house for his good Dutch dominie. On the site of the fort, a stately lonic-porticoed mansion was built in 1790, for the Presidential palace, and became the official residence of Gov. George Clinton and John Jay. In 181 5 it was replaced by the Bowling-Green Block. No. 39 Broadway was the site of the first European dwelling on Manhattan, built in 161 2 by Hendrick Chris- tiaensen, the agent of the Dutch fur-trading company, who raised here BONBONS AND CHOCOLATES, FANCY BASKETS AND BONBONNIERES, A VERY ACCEPTABLE PRESENT. NO. 21 WEST 42D STREET, Near grand union hotel. FRED K W. DEVOE. JAMES F. DRUMMOND. J. SEAVER PAGE. F. W. DEVOE & CO. Manufacturers and Importers of PAINTERS' Colors Fine Varnishes and Japans, ARTISTS' MATERIALS, BRUSHES, White Lead, Ready-Mixed Paints. Cor. Fulton and William Sts., NEW YORK. How to Know New York. 39 four small houses and a redoubt, the foundation of the present great city. Christiaensen was killed by an Indian afterwards, this being the first murder on record in the province. In July, 1776, to celebrate the Declaration of Independence, the people came down here in vast crowds, and knocked over the equestrian statue of George III., which was melted into bullets to assimilate with the brains of the adver- sary. The great fire of 1776, which destroyed the greater part of New York, began near Whitehall Slip, and swept over the city on a strong south wind, while the angry British garrison bayonetted many of the citizens, and threw others, screeching, into the sea of flame. Chancellor Livingston lived on lower Broadway, in a house hung with Gobelin tapestry and rare paintings, with a $30,000 dinner-service of solid silver, and a rural palace at Clermont, up the Hudson, Hanover Square is at the corner of Pearl and William Streets, with an elevated-railroad station, and is now the centre of the wholesale cotton-trade in America. On one side is the old Cotton Exchange, and on another side is the imposing new Cotton Exchange. Here- abouts, a century or more ago, were the mansions of the Beekmans, Hamersleys, Gouverneurs, Hoffmans, and Van Homes. And here Admiral Digby entertained Prince William Henry, afterwards Wil- liam IV. of England. About Hanover Square, in 1800, dwelt a com- munity of French emigres, — De Neuville, La Rue, De Riviere, and others; and the famous Gen. Moreau, sometime commander of the Army of the Rhine and Moselle, banished by Napoleon, who, after dwelling here for seven years, joined the Allied armies in Europe, and was killed at the battle of Dresden by a cannon-shot, aimed by Napoleon himself. Jeannette Park, near Hanover Square, has recently been made by filling up the ancient Coenties Slip. Chatham Square, at the intersection of Chatham Street, East Broacr- v/ay, and the Bowery, is the concurrent point of several elevated and horse railways, and one of the most crowded and busy localities in this roaring metropolis. A hundred years ago, the marshes hereabouts were so pestilent, that their owner, Rutgers, declared " the inhabitants lose one-third of their time by sickness." 40 How to Know New York, City-Hall Park covers about 8 acres, partly bounded by resounding Broadway, and the newspaper-abounding Park Row, and contains the City Hall, Court House, and other well-worn public buildings. Here, also, fronts the United-States Post-Office, a mountain of granite. Before the Revolution, it was an open field, in the country, where the people used to assemble for great popular demonstrations. Franklin Square, five minutes' walk east of City-hall Square, down Frankfort Street, used to be a hillock between the Swamp and the East River. It has the Brooklyn Bridge on one side, and the great Harper's publishing-house on another, and is roofed over by the Elevated-rail- way trestles. At Cherry Street and Franklin Square, Walter Frank- lin, the great Russian merchant, built a palace, which became the Presidential mansion, where Washington held his court, and gave his brilliant receptions. Printing-House Square^ just east of the City Hall, contains most of the great newspaper offices, the *' Tribune," " Times," " Sun," " World," " News," " Journal," ** Mail and Express," and many others, with scores of famous and widely influential weekly papers. Here the great presses thunder on, night and day, printing their varied editions; re- porters flit to and fro with " copy; " and the wonderful New- York news- papers are made up, with all their teeming freightage of battle and murder and sudden death, lectures, political leaders, and the annals of the passing day. The most picturesque and brilliant of these great metropolitan journals is " The World," with its army of able writers, and its colossal editions, consuming this year over a million dollars* worth of paper alone. Union Square is a park of 3^ acres, with fountains, trees, statues of Lincoln and Washington, electric lights, and other bravery, between 14th and 17th Streets and Broadway and Fourth Avenue. All around are hotels, restaurants, theatres, shops, and offices, the centre of an ever busy and picturesque life. Its northern part is an open J>/aza for parades, with a platform for speakers or reviewing-officers. Washington Square covers 9 acres, at the lower end of Fifth Avenue, between Waverley Place and 4th Street. (See page 104.) Madison Square covers 6 acres, between Broadway and Madison How to Know New York, 4 1 Avenue and 23d and 26th Streets, and has lawns and trees, statues of Seward and Farragut, and a tall electric-light tower. Around it are stores, huge hotels, restaurants, and famous club-houses. It is the central point of the life and splendor of upper New York. Gramercy Parky i^ acre, between 20th and 21st Streets and Third and Fourth Avenues, a part of the old Gramercy farm, is a private plaisaunce^ around which are the homes of many old families, — John Bigelow (No. 21), Cyrus W. Field {123 East 21st Street), David Dudley Field (64 Park Avenue), Max Strakosch, and others. Here was the palatial home of the late Samuel J. Tilden (No. 15). Stuyvesanf Square, on a part of the old Stuyvesant farm, covers 4 acres, between East 15th and 17th Streets, with the tall twin spires of St. George's overlooking it. In this vicinity dwell Hamilton Fish (ex-Secretary of State), Sidney Webster, Jackson S. Schultz, Russell Sturgis, Richard H. Stoddard (the poet), William H. Schieffelin, the Rutherfords, the Stuyvesants, and other well-known persons. The square has rich and luxuriant foliage and lawns, the local paradise for the dwellers in the adjacent crowded tenement region of the east side. Tompkins Square covers ten acres of lawns and greenery, between East 7th and loth Streets and Avenues A and B, surrounded by one of the most overcrowded tenement regions of the East side. Bryant Park is a pleasant open space, between 40th Street and 42d Street, and Sixth Avenue and the Reservoir, which received its present name in 1884, in honor of William Cullen Bryant. On this site the world-renowned Crystal Palace stood in those far-away days before the war. It is now a favorite resort of West-side children. Morningside Park, a long-drawn and nearly unimproved public ground of 47 acres, extends from i loth Street to 1 23d Street, near Tenth Avenue, and has a costly and far-viewing driveway, it lies on the east, or morning, side of the ridge which separates Harlem plaina from the Riverside Park and Hudson River. Mount Morris Square surrounds a bold, rocky hill, by which even the lordly Fifth Avenue is stopped, in the environs of Harlem. It abounds in maples, tulip-trees, oaks, etc.; and from the plaza near the fire-alarm tower, on the crest of the hill, a broad view is enjoyed. 1 ^w ^^ I S02- 504. j ,EAST 74-1251 1 ' 1 ttEWYORK. Imv &N|TDEC0RATIONS. ■ ^^^5?J^M ] , BAIIK AIID OFFICE PJITITIOiS, Fine Furniture MADE TO ORDER. Write for information. RADLEY -&- GREENOUGH, 502 & 504 East 74th St., NEW YORK. EINBIGLER & ADLER, MANUFACTURERS OF Ornamental Iron, Bronze, # Brass Work BANKS AND THEATRES A SPECIALTY. ELECTRIC WORKS. Electric Bells, House and Hotel Annunciators, Electric Gas Lighters, Fire and Burglar Alarms. 433 and 435 Seventh Ave. and 34tli St., New York. Refer, by permission, to W. D. Garrison, Manager Grand Union Hotel. How to Know New York, 43 ART-GALLERIES. Metropolitan Museum of Art, in Central Park, near Fifth Avenue and 83d Street. Open free, Wed., Thurs., Fri., and Sat. Other days twenty-five cents. A great collection of Dutch and Flemish pictures, and other European works of art. It may be reached by Elevated Railway from the Grand Union Hotel, to the station at Third Avenue and 84th Street, or by the Madison-avenue horse-cars. The first movement towards founding the Museum was made in 1869, and for some years its collections were kept in rented buildings down town (14th Street). The present fireproof brick and granite modern- Gothic building was dedicated in 1880, by the President of the United States. It is 218 by 95 feet in area ; and new structures are being built in connection, so that in time it will be one of the greatest art-museums in the world. Space fails to tell of the beauties of these varied and extensive collections, numbering many thousands of pieces. Pamphlet catalogues are for sale at the door, for ten cents each, one for the Loan Collection of Paintings, one for the Old Masters, one for the Cesnola Collection, etc. The pleasure of a visit will be much heightened by their aid. A long rainy day can be profitably and charmingly spent at the Museum. In the West-entrance Hall are many fine pieces of statuary. Beer's Medallion of Michael Angelo, the Apollo Belvedere, Hiram Powers's " California," " George Washington," " Alexander I. of Russia," Roncanelli's " Rose of Sharon," Albano's " Thief " from Dante's " Inferno," Mozier's " Rizpah," Fischer's " Goethe," McDonald's " Gen. Hancock," Schwanthaler's " Dancing Girl," Maro- chetti's "Washington," Houdon's "Franklin," Conelly's "Thetis;" and many fine works by Barye, Barbedienne, Thorwaldsen, Reinhart, Canova, Launt Thompson, et ah., loaned by their owners. Here also is the Poe Memorial, presented to the Museum by the actors of New York. On the south-west stairway is a collection of 43 water-colors by William T. Richards, of New-England coast and White-Mountain 44 How to Know New York, scenes. The great hall contains many pieces of the famous Cesnola collection, from Cyprus, and various other interesting collections of rare objects of art. In the galleries are the collections of gold jewellery and Greek and Phoenician glass from the Cesnola treasure-trove ; and also the Japanese, Egyptian, and Oriental porcelain and antiquities. Among the art-treasures in the western galleries are many of Kensett's exquisite landscapes, Gifford's and Durand's masterpieces, Frere's Oriental scenes, Couture's " Decadence of Rome," Maignan's " Out- rage at Anagni," Madrazo's portrait of Robert L. Stuart, Bonnat's portrait of John Tayler Johnston, Meyer von Bremen's genre pictures, Granet's "Benedictines," Hellquist's great Swedish historical scene, Wylie's "Death of a Vendean Chief," William M. Hunt's "Boy and Butterfly," Marr's " Mystery of Life ; " landscapes by Cropsey, Inness, and Breton ; Boughton's famous "Judgment of Wouter Van Twiller," Schreyer's Arab scenes, and many other noble and almost priceless works of art. The East Gallery is devoted to pictures by the old masters, — Baroccio, Albani, Titian, Correggio, Tiarini, Caravaggio, Tintoretto, Tiepolo, Sassoferrato, Bordone, Andrea del Sarto, Ghir- landajo, Rembrandt, Rubens, Jordaens, Hals, Van Dyck, Cuyp, Wouverman, Ostade, Teniers, Terburg, Breughel, Ruysdael, Steen, Velazquez, Murillo, Copley, Stuart, Trumbull, Jarvis, Etty, Lely, Poussin. Rubens's " Return of the Holy Family from Egypt " was painted on wood for the Jesuit Church at Antwerp, and after the suppression of the Jesuits, in 1777, passed to London. His "Lion? Chasing Deer " came from Cardinal Fieschi's collection. Many other pictures in this remarkable collection have romantic histories, extend- ing over centuries. Rosa Bonheur's " Horse Fair," purchased at the Stewart sale for fifty-nine thousand dollars, has just been presented by Cornelius Vanderbilt ; and the magnificent collection of paintings bequeathed to the museum by the late Catherine Wolf has recently been added, and is in an annex building erected for its reception. Lenox Library's Piciure-Gallery (Fifth Avenue and yist Street) has about 150 fine paintings, including Munkacsy's " Blind Milton dic- tating Paradise Lost to his Daughters," Turner's " A Scene on the French Coast "and " Fingal's Cave," Horace Vemet's « Siege of Sar* Hoiv to Know New York. 45 gossa," Gainsborough's " A Romantic Woody Landscape," Andrea del Sarto's " Tobit and the Angel," Delaroche's " The Field of Battle," Church's " Cotopaxi," Thomas Cole's " Expulsion from Paradise," Bierstadt's " Yo Semite," Sir Joshua Reynolds's portraits of Edmund Burke, Kitty Fisher, and Mrs. Billington ; portraits by Leslie, Stuart, Newton, Trumbull, Tnman, Peale, Copley, Daniel Huntington, S. F. B. Morse, Healy, Pine, and others ; and original paintings of dogs by Landseer ; sheep by Verboeckhoven ; landscapes by Mulready, Con- stable, Kensett, George L. Brown, Durand, and Ruysdael ; and classi- cal subjects by Sir David Wilkie. The statuary includes Crawford's "Sleeping Shepherd Boy" and "Children in the Wood," Ranch's "Victory," Powers's "La Penserosa," Ball's "Abraham Lincoln," Sir John Steele's " Sir Walter Scott," Trentanove's " Napoleon," etc. Society of American Artists, 152 West 57th Street, organized in 1877, gives annual spring exhibitions. American Water-Co/or Society rooms are at 51 West loth Street. Society of Decorative Art has classes, library, and sales-rooms at 28 East 2ist Street. Its members are women. National Academy of Design, at 23d Street and Fourth Avenue, is a study in dark-blue stone and white Westchester marble of thirteenth- century Gothic architecture, forming a peculiarly lovely and artistic fa9ade. The great exhibition galleries, on the third floor, are reached by an imposing oak and marble staircase ; and here are held exhibitions of paintings for two months every spring. The carved capitals of the columns were careful studies from leaves and flowers. The anvil- wrought iron-work is remarkable for its finish and strength. Notice the beautiful Gothic entrance and drinking-fountain. Daniel Hunting- ton is president of the National Academy, and T. Addison Richards is secretary. The National Academicians (N. A.) are chosen annually from the Associates (A. N. A.). From the Grand Union Hotel, take Madisoii-avenue horse-cars to 2jd Street. American Art-Gallery is in Kurtz's Building, at 6 East 23d Street. Fourth-avenue horse-cars to sjd Street. New-York Historical Society, 170 Second Avenue, corner of East I ith Street, has in its gallery 1,000 pictures, many of them by the old Archer & Pancoast Mfg. Co.^ 898 AND 900 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. GAS AND ELECTRIC LIGHT FIXTURES, Lamps, Bronzes, AND Fine Metal Work. How to Know New York. 47 masters, and 100 pieces of statuary. This magnificent collection, the finest in America, is unfortunately sealed against the public, except such as secure an introduction from members of the Society. Sarony's, the famous photograph gallery at 27 Union Square, has a rare and interesting collection of weapons, armor, pictures, statuary, and other bric-h-brac^ quite worthy of a visit. Art-rooms and Art-stores are numerous ; and many should be visited, to see the fine modern paintings, etchings, bronzes, etc. Knoedler's (formerly Goupil's), Fifth Avenue and 22d Street. Avery's, 86 Fifth Avenue. Schaus's, Fifth Avenue, near 26th Street. Kohn's, 166 Fifth Avenue. Cottier's, 144 Fifth Avenue. Sarony's, 37 Union Square. Keppel's (rare engravings and etchings), 23 E. i6th Street. Interest- ing antiques may be seen at Feuardent's, 30 Lafayette Place, and Sypher's, 739 Broadway. Private Galleries of the Vanderbilts, Eelmont, Hilton, and Miss Wolfe are very rich in fine paintings, but may not be visited by strangers unaccredited. . Hoffman House, in its bar-room, parlors, and rotunda, has several of the finest and costliest art-works in America, including pictures by Correggio and Bouguereau, a large Gobelin tapestry, and other pieces. It is often visited by ladies. Madame Provost, on West 27th Street, opposite the Victoria Hotel, exhibits rare Persian bric-h-brac, armor, embroideries, plaques, etc. Studios of artists occupy the Sherwood Building, Sixth Avenue and 57th Street; the Studio Building, 51 West loth Street, between Fifth and Sixth Avenues ; and the Fourth-avenue Studio Building, Fourth Avenue, corner of 25th Street. There are also many studios in the Young Men's Christian Association Building, Fourth Avenue and 23d Street; the Studio Building, Broadway and 28th Street; the Rem- brandt, West 57th Street, near Seventh Avenue ; the Holbein, 139-145 West 55th Street; and No. 108 West 55th Street. In the Sherwood are the studios of Bolton Jones, Deluce, Fredericks, Beckwith, Gran- ville Perkins, Curran, etc. In the Rembrandt are the Giffords and Sartain, and Junius Henri Browne, the literarian. Many of the artists have regular reception-days, when visitors are made welcome. 48 How to Know New York. Art-Schools include, — Art-School of Cooper Union, Third Avenue and 7th Street. Art-School of National Academy of Design, Fourth Ave. and 23d St. Art-Students' League, 2^ West 14th Street, under C. R. Lamb's presidency. School of Industrial Art, for women, 251 West 23d Street. Women's Institute of Technical Design, 124 Fifth Avenue. THE MILITIA. The disciplined militia of the city numbers 5,250 men, in eight regi- ments of infantry, and two batteries of artillery and Catling guns. They are equipped by the State with arms and other munitions, and partly with uniforms; and the term of enlistment is five years. In winter, there are continual company-drills ; and in summer, several days of camp-duty under canvas, at the State camp-ground near Peeks- kill. Besides adding an element of military splendor to the sober burgher life of the city, they are of utmost service in preserving the public peace on the rare occasions when riots or other public dis- turbances are under way, and the police need behind them the moral effect of long lines of bayonets and loaded rifles. They have swept the tumultuous streets with deadly volleys more than once, and were equally efficient in line of battle before Gen. Lee's ragged but heroic Southern infantry. Seventh Regiment Armory covers the entire block bounded by 66th and 67th Streets, and Fourth and Lexington Avenues. The main drill-room is 200 by 300 feet. The company and veterans' rooms are very elegantly furnished ; and there are library, recgption, and memorial rooms of much beauty. The building is open to visitors. Two companies drill each evening. It was built in 1879, ^^ ^ ^^^t of ^300,000. (Emmons Clark is colonel.) Eighth Regiment Armory is at Broadway and 35th Street. (Col. George D. Scott.) Ninth Regiment Armory Is at 221 West 26th Street. (Col. William Seward.) How to Know New York. 49 Eleventh Regiment Armory is at Grand and Essex Streets. It is a German organization. (Alfred P. Stewart is colonel.) Twelfth Regiment Armory is on Ninth Avenue, from 6ist Street to 62d Street, ponderous, castellated, with heavily grated windows, loopholed towers, and a high castle-keep. Within, besides many com- pany-rooms, etc., is an enormous drill-hall, handsomely equipped. (Col. James H. Jones.) Twenty-second Regiment Armory is a spacious and attractive struc- ture on 14th Street, near Sixth Avenue. Sixty-ninth Regiment Armory is over Tompkins Market, on Third Avenue, between 6th and 7th Streets. This is the famous Irish regi- ment that did such noble service under Col. Corcoran in the Seces- sion war. (Col. James Cavanagh.) Seventy-first Regiment Armory is at Broadway and 45th Street. One of its quaintest trophies is a cannon, " captured from the Bowerv Boys " in the famous Dead-Rabbit war, in 1857. This was one of the bravest commands in the Battle of Bull Run. (Col. Kopper.) S. E. Merwin & Son, ESTABLISHED 1851. NKW HAVEN, CT. CURERS OF THE Elm City" Brand of HAMS Shoulders | Bacon, Fine in Quality and Flavor. Every piece warranted, and none genuine unless branded with our NAME AND TRADE-MARK. '^^^\ THE Meriden Britannia Co, 46 E. 14th St., Union Sq., New York. 147 State Street, Chicago. San Francisco, Cal. Meriden, Conn. MANUFACTURERS OF Fine Gold and Silver PLATED WARE ALSO THE GENUINE THB SIREN. 1847 Rogers Bros. Ai. AND 1847 Rogers Bros. XII. SECTIONAL PLATED SPOONS, FORKS, Table Cutlery, &c. CAUT8ON. — Owing to the wide reputation and large sale of our goods, there have been in later years various imitations of our trade mark. Customers desiring our goods should see that they bear the distinguishing mark "1847." Hozv to Know New York. 51 STATUES. The objects which a stranger usually wants to see in New York first are the Statue of Liberty and the East-river Bridge, the greatest works of their kind in the world. Statue of "Liberty Enlightening the World" stands on Bedioe's Island, in the harbor. It is a majestic female figure made of copper, 151 feet I inch high, standing on a pedestal 154 feet 10 inches high. It was modelled by Bartholdi, a French sculptor, and was presented by the French people to the people of the United States. In the upraised right hand is a torch, lighted by electricity; and in the left hand is the Constitution. The copper is about \ of an inch thick. The forefinger is 8 feet long and 5 feet in circumference. The finger-nail is 14 inches long and 10 wide. The eyes are 28 inches wide. The nose is nearly 4 feet long. The head is 14 feet high. The top of the figure is higher than the steeple of Trinity Church. The pedestal was built by popular subscriptions raised almost wholly through the efforts of the New-York World. The statue and pedestal cost $1,000,000. Bedioe's Island is reached from the Grand Union Hotel by the Third-avenue Elevated Road to the Battery, where a small steamboat starts every hour from the Barge Office, and makes the excursion in an hour. The fare for the round trip is twenty-five cents. Pleasant views are afforded of the inner harbor, the Narrows, Governor's Island and its forts, Staten Island, the Brooklyn Bridge, and lower New York. The boat usually lies at the island-wharf long enough for one to walk briskly up to the pedestal, and look off from its upper balustrade, gaining an enchanting view over the lower har- bor and its environing cities. Or you can spend a full hour on the island, visiting also the fortifications and barracks of the United- States Artillery, and return on the next boat. The statue is the largest bronze statue in the world, and can be clearly made out from tne Battery and many distant points. It faces very nobly toward the 52 How to Know New York. Narrows, the route from Europe. Inside the sea-wall is an earth- work. Obelisk, in Central Park, was erected in the Temple of On, in Egypt, about 3,500 years ago, by Thutmes III., King of Egypt, and conqueror of Central Africa, Palestine, and Mesopotamia, with hie- roglyphics illustrating his campaigns and titles, and these of his descendant, Rameses II. For many centuries it stood before the Temple of the Sun, at Heliopolis, and was removed during the reign of Tiberius to Alexandria, where it remained until 1877, when the Khedive, Ismail Pasha, presented it to the city of New York. It was skilfully transported hither by Lieut.-Com. Gorringe, U.S.N., and now stands on the knoll near the Metropolitan Museum of Art, in Central Park. The entire cost of its transportation and setting-up was borne by the late William H. Vanderbilt. It is of granite, 70 feet long, and weighs 200 tons. This noble monument was made before the siege of Troy or the foundation of Rome, and while the Israelites were enslaved in Egypt. Beethoven, erected in 18S4, on the Mall at Central Park. A colos- sal bronze bust, by Baerer, on high granite pedestal. Given by the Mannerchor, a German singing society. Bolivar, the Liberator of South America, has a bold equestrian statue in Central Park, near West Sist Street, dedicated in 1884. It was given to the American people by the Republic of Venezuela. Burns stands in bronze, on the Mall at Central Park, designed by John Steele, and presented in 1880 by the Scottish New-Yorkers. Columbus, a colossal marble statue by Emma Stebbins, is tempo- rarily in the Arsenal at Central Park. It was given to the city by Marshall O. Roberts, in 1869. Commerce, an allegorical bronze figure of heroic size, by the French sculptor, Fosquet, stands near the south-west entrance of Central Park. Stephen B. Guion gave it to the city, in 1866. William E. Dodge, the late eminent merchant, is represented by a bronze statue, erected by the merchants of New York, at Broadway and 36th Street. Admiral Far rag ut is commemorated by a noble bronze statue, Hoiv to Know New York. 53 designed by Augustus St. Gaudens, on Madison Square. The pedes- tal curves almost into a semicircle, and has marine decorations. The admiral is represented as on the deck of his ship. Benjamin Franklin, a bronze statue on Printing-house Square, was erected in 1867, at the expense of Capt. De Groot. Fitz-Greene Ha/feck, the poet, has a bronze seated statue on the Mall, Central Park, designed by Wilson MacDonald, erected in 1877. Alexander Hamilton's Statue, presented by his son, John C. Hamil- ton, in 18S0, is in Central Park, near the Museum of Art. It is of white Westerly granite. Humboldt, the celebrated German traveller and scientist, has a large bronze bust in Central Park, near the south-east corner, presented by German New-Yorkers in 1869. It was designed by Professor Blaiser of Berlin. The Indian Hunter, by J. Q. A. Ward, stands in Central Park, near the Mall. It is of bronze, and has high art-value. Lafayette, a bronze statue by Bartholdi, is in Union Square. It was presented by French New-Yorkers, in 1876. Abraham Lincoln, a. bronze statue by H. K. Browne, was erected in 186S, in Union Square, by popular subscription. Mazzini, an heroic bronze bust of the Italian liberator, was erected in 1878, in Central Park, by Italian New-Yorkers. Professor S. F. B. Morse has a bronze statue, erected by the Tele- graph Operators' Association in 187 1 in Central Park, near West 72d Street. He was present at its dedication, but died the next year. The Pilgrim, a picturesquely posed and attired heroic bronze statue, by J. Q. A. Ward, was presented by New-England New-Yorkers, and stands in Central Park, near East 72d Street. Schiller, a bronze bust in the Ramble at Central Park, was given in 1859, by German New-Yorkers. Sir Walter Scott, a bronze copy of the celebrated statue on the Scott monument, at Edinburgh, is on the mall, Central Park, on a pedestal of fine Aberdeen granite. It was given in 187 1 (the one- hundredth anniversary of Scott's birth), by Scottish New-Yorkers. The poet is represented seated on a rock, with his dog at his feet William Allen & Co., Stationers, Printers, Lithographers, Blank Book Manufacturers, 470 Broadway, Near Grand St., NKW YORK. C. H. C BRAKES, Producer, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in MILK AND CREAM, 206 EAST i2th STREET, (Formeply 281 MERCER ST.) EST^BI^ISMBI} 1868. JNII W YORK. Milk and Cream delivered to any point in the City or Cou7itry. TELEPHONE NUMBER, 841-31st ST. Hozv to Knoiv New York. 55 Seventh Regiment Monument, a bronze statue of a soldier, by J. Q. A. Ward, is in Central Park, near East yzd Street. It commemorates the soldiers of the regiment dead in the Secession war. William H. Seward, Secretary of State during the Secession war, has a bronze statue by Randolph Rogers, erected in 1876, in Madison Square. Shakspeare, a bronze statue, by J. Q. A. Ward, placed on the Mall in Central Park in 1872, by the Shakspeare Dramatic Association. The Still Hunt, by Kemeys, is a crouching American panther on a high ledge of rocks near the Obelisk, in Central Park. George Washington is commemorated by an heroic equestrian statue, in Union Square. It was designed by H. K. Browne. Washington also has a colossal statue by J. Q. A. Ward, erected in 1883, before the Sub-Treasury, on Wall Street, where he took the oath as first President, in 1789. Washington also has a quaint statue, a copy of that by Houdon, erected by the school-children, at Riverside Park. Daniel Webster has an heroic bronze statue, given by Gordon W. Burnham, in Central Park, near West 72d Street. It was made in Italy, at a cost of $65,000, and stands on a huge block of granite. Gen. Worth is commemorated by a granite obelisk at Broadway and Fifth Avenue (Madison Square), erected by the city. The following monuments have historic interest : — Thomas Addis Emmett, in St. Paul's Churchyard. Gen. Richard Montgomery, in the Broadway end of St. Paul's. The Martyrs' Monument, in Trinity Churchyard, commemorating the American soldiers who died in British prisons during the Revolu^ tion. Alexander Hamilton's, Albert Gallatin's, Robert Fulton's, and Capt. Lawrence's (of the "Chesapeake"), in Trinity Churchyard. Capt.-Gen. Petrus Stuyvesant's, in the outer wall of St. Mark's Church. Statues are under way for Daniel O'Connell, Cervantes, Bryant, Tom Moore, Goethe, Orestes A. Brownson, and Garibaldi. 55 How to Know New York. EXCHANGES AND BOARDS OF TRADE. There are a number of these in New York, but the two most inter- esting to strangers are the Stock Exchange and Produce Exchange. Stock Exchange is on Broad Street, near Wall Street. The stranger should not fail to visit the gallery of the Exchange between the hours of ten and three. As the name would indicate, the business of the Exchange is the purchase and sale of stocks, bonds, and securities. The manner in which the brokers transact business is most amusing and extraordinary, and, to the uninitiated, appears to consist of incoherent shouting and violent gesticulation, to which no one seems to pay the least attention. When the market is active, the scene is as though pandemonium had broken loose. A seat in the Ex- change now costs twenty-five or thirty thousand dollars. The building is of white marble, and the great hall is handsomely frescoed. The visitors' gallery is entered from Wall Street. Produce Exchange is, perhaps, the most imposing and impressive building in New York. It is at the foot of Broadway, and fronts on Bowling Green, and is in rich Italian Renaissance architecture, of brick, with a copious use of terra cotta, in medallions, the arms and names of the States, and projecting galley-prows. Above its uppermost long line of round arches rises an immense campanile, covering 40 by 70 feet, and 225 feet high, richly decorated, and nobly dominating lower New York and the bay. The building is 307 by 150 feet in area, and 116 feet high; and the main hall is a noble one, 220 by 144 feet, and 60 feet high. From the visitors' gallery you may look down on the 3,000 members of the Exchange (organized in 1861, and the largest in the world), and see and hear their fierce bargaining. The se^ne resembles a pitched battle between walls, and without cavalry* Near the gallery are the sumptuous library and reception rooms.. Go to the superintendent of the building, and get a pass (without charge) to ascend the tower. The climb is made luxuriously by elevator ; and Hoiv to Knoiu Neiv York. 57 from the summit you see a magnificent and unrivalled bird's-eye view of lower New York, the bay, Staten Island, the shores and blue moun- tains of New Jersey, Brooklyn, and Long Island. " Not the White Tower, nor the Colonne Napoleon, nor Bunker-hill Monument, offers any thing equal to the urban, rural, and marine scenery presented to the vision." The building rests on 15,437 piles made of sturdy Maine and Nova Scotia trees. It was planned by George B. Post, and erected between 1881 and 1884. It is entirely fireproof. The flag flying from its tower is the largest ever made, covering 50 by 20 feet. There are nine passenger elevators. The money-vault contains 1,300 safes, and is defended by seven alternate layers of iron and steel. The Exchange cost $3,179,000. "Harper's Magazine" for July, 1886, has a thirty-page illustrated article describing this vast institution. From the Grand Union Hotel take the Third-atemie Elevated Road, and get off at Hanover Square, and go thi'ough Beaver Street to the Exchange. Mercantile Exchange has a new brick and granite building at Hud- son and Harrison Streets, with a tall tower. There are 800 members, dealing in butter, cheese, eggs, and groceries. Cotton Exchange has a new and imposing seven-story building of yellow brick on Hanover Square, south of Wall Street. It cost ^1,000,000. Coal and Iron Exchange is a vast and massive building at the corner of Cortlandt and New Church Streets, the headquarters for dealings in these great commodities. Consolidated Petroleum Exchange and Stock Board, at 62 Broad- way, is oftentimes the scene of most exciting commercial hostilities. It has a membership of 3,000, and is about to erect a huge new building. American Morse Exchange is at Broadway and 50th Street. Building Exchange is at 12 Dey Street. Coffee Exchange is at 141 Pearl Street. It has over 300 members, and sometimes 100,000 bags of coffee are sold here in a day. Grocers' Exchange is at Wall and Water Streets. Tea and sugar are the chief commodities sold. Maritime Exchange is in the Produce-Exchange building. Opeo GEO, A. BANTA REFRIGERATOR CO. 228 West 23d Street, Neto York. THE oldest house in the line in the manufacture of Refrigerators and Refrigerating Machines in the United States. Stationary Refrigerators for hotels, of any capacity, also for private houses, a specialty. Portable Refrigerators of the very highest class and most superior workmanship can be seen at our warerooms. These Refrigerators are constructed on the most scientific prin- ciples, and are specially adapted for the preservation of all food products. Persons desiring to purchase a first-class article are requested to call or send for an illustrated catalogue. The Grand Union Hotel is furnished throughout with Refrigerators of our manufacture. Union PorceIvAin Works, Eckford Street, Brooklyn, N. Y., THE ONLY MAKERS IN THE U. S. OF GEN\JINE CHINA W^ARE OR HARD PORCELAIN. N. Y. DEPOT, DANIEL WALSH, 1 148 BROADWAY, N. Y. SPECIAL ATTENTION TO THE WANTS OF HOTELS, RESTAURANTS, CLUBS, AND STEAMBOATS. How to Know New York, 59 from eight to five (exchange-hours, eleven to three). Marine and commercial news, reading-room, library, etc. Metal Exchange is at Pearl Street and Burling Slip. Real-Estate Exchange is at 57 Liberty Street. American Exchange, 309 Greenwich Street. American Exchange and Travellers' Bureau, 162 Broadway. American Real-Estate Exchange, i Broadway. Brewers' Exchange, corner of Worth and Chatham Streets. Building-Material Exchange, 12 Dey Street. Cattle Exchange, Broadway and 3Sth Street. Distillers' Wine and Spirit Exchange, 19 South William Street. Electric Manufacturing Exchange, Duncan Building, corner Nassau And Prince Streets. Foreign-Fruit Exchange, 64 Broad Street. Hardware Board of Trade, 6 and 8 Warren Street. Manhattan Stock Exchange, 69 Nev/ Street. Mechanics' and Traders' Exchange, 14 Vesey Street, near Broad- way. Milk Exchange, 22 North Moore Street. New-York Naval Store and Tobacco Exchange, 113 Pearl Street. New-York Board of Trade and Transportation, Bryant Building, 55 Liberty Street. New-York Furniture Board of Trade, Bowery and 150 Canal Street. New-York Petroleum Exchange and Stock Board, 18 Broadway. New-York Real Estate and Traders' Exchange, 76 and 78 Broad Street. Stationers' Board of Trade, 97 and 99 Nassau Street. Sugar Exchange, 87 Front Street. 6o How to Know New York. MARKETS. Some of the larger markets are worth visiting. The following art the largest: — Washington Market bounded by Washington, West, Vesey, and Fulton Streets. This is the largest of the markets, and the principal centre for the distribution of meats and vegetables throughout the city and country. Fulton Market, bounded by Fulton, Beekman, South, and Front Streets, is also a large market, always containing a fine display of fish, poultry, etc. At the stands of Eugene G. Blackford, during the first few days of April, there is always alar^e display of trout from all parts of the country, and at any time of the year the visitor may find a beautiful exhibition of all the obtainable varieties of marine life. Fulton Fish-Market, opposite Fulton Market, though rather slimy, and always pervaded by "an ancient and fish-like smell," is well worth seeing. Every thing edible that lives in salt water may be seen here. Fish is a cheap and good food, and consequently in great demand. The other large markets are: — Catherine, foot of Catherine Street, East River. Central, East 42d Street, opposite Park Avenue. Centre, Centre Street, from Grand to Broome. Clinton, Spring, Canal, West, and Washington Streets. Essex, Grand Street, from Ludlow to Essex. Jefferson, Greenwich and Sixth Avenues and West loth Street. Market-Wagon Stand, West, Little 12th, Washington, and Ganse- voort Streets. Tompkins, Third Avenue, between 6th and 7th Streets. Union, Houston and 2d Streets, and Avenue D. How to Know Nciv York. 6 1 COLLEGES AND SCHOOLS. The city has 300 free public schools, where nearly 4,000 teachers instruct more than 300,000 children, at an annual cost of almost $4,000,000. Children between eight and fourteen are compelled by law to go to school, and twelve truant officers look out for them. There are also many scores of private and parochial schools in the city. Columbia Cof/ege occupies an irregular group of brick buildings on the square between Madison and Fourth Avenues and 49th and 50th Streets, near the Cathedral and the Grand Central Depot. It has no dormitories. The chief buildings are the School of Mines, along 50th Street (four-years' course; founded in 1S64) ; the School of Arts, along Madison Avenue (four-years' course; fee, ^150 a year; 274 students) ; the Law School, founded in 1858, and probably the leading one in America (two-years' course ; $150 a year; 397 students) ; and the Library (Melvil Dewey, librarian), a handsome building, containing 70",ooo volumes (open from 8 a.m. to 10 p.m.) in a hall 113 by 75 feet, and 58 feet high. The School of Political Science, opened in 1880 (three-years' course; fee, $150), is in the School of Arts building: the School of Medicine is the College of Physicians and Surgeons, at Fourth Avenue and 23d Street. The college has in all 1,600 students: Frederick A. P. Barnard is president. It was founded in 1754, as King's College, and largely endowed with land, by Trinity Church. For over a century its buildings were down town, on College Place, between Barclay and Chambers Streets. In 1775 the townspeople drove out the second president. Rev. Miles Cooper, an Oxford gradu- ate, and resembling Dryden in face; and he hid in Stuyvesant's house until he could take ship for England. The college was popu- larly regarded as a nest of Tories, and remained closed (its buildings serving as barracks and military hospital) until 1784, when the Legis- lature rechristened it Columbia College. Among its professors are (krlESvhnlhs ^"^^ersficfrnf"'^^'''^^''' "^^^^^ Telephone Call, 5 OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. Sljow Gards, Labels, Advertising Noveltiew AND CARDS, FASHION PLATES AND PAMPHLETS. LETTER, BILL, rnd NOTE HEADS, BONDS. CERTIFICflTES. ETC How to Know New York, 73 tic merit. High mass is given at 10.30 a.m., on Sunday, and vespers at 4 P.M. The cathedral is open every day of the week. Seats in the centre may be had at high mass for 25 cents (on the sides for 15 cents), tickets being procured from the verger near the main entrance, inside. St. Paul the Apostle, at 60th Street and Ninth Avenue, pertains to the -celebrated preaching Order of Paulists. whose monastery adjoins it. It is an immense and sombre pile of gray stone, with an ascetic interior, singularly devoid of ornament, but impressive from its great size. The main portals are flanked by statues of the saints. St. Patrick's, at Mott and Prince Streets, erected in 181 5, and with a very spacious interior, was formerly the cathedral. Church of the Most Holy Redeemer (German), at 30th Street and Avenue A, is a rich Byzantine building, with lofty roof, costly altar, and a spire 265 feet high. St. Stephen's, on East 28th Street, near Third Avenue, is celebrated for its beautiful music. This was the church of the famous Dr. McGlynn. St. Francis Xavier is on West i6th Street, near Sixth Avenue. Father Frisbee. St. Ann's is at 112 East 12th Street. St. Mary's is at 438 Grand Street. St. Vincent de Paul's is a French church, on West 23d Street. Episcopalian. — There are 76 churches of this sect in New York, of which the following may be distinguished: — Trinity Church, on Broadway, at the head of Wall Street, is the richest parish in America, having revenues of $500,000 a year. It was founded in 1697, receiving from the English Government a grant of its present site, outside the north gate of the city, to which in 1705 was added Queen Anne's Farm, including the territory along the river from Vesey Street to Christopher Street. Much of this great domain remains in the possession of the parish. Other singular resources were added to Trinity's store. It received a fund raised for relieving Christian slaves out of Salee ; was granted all wrecks and 74 How to Know New York, drift-whales on the island of Nassau ; Jewish citizens contributed for its spire ; and the Widow Hellegard DeKay loaned it ;[^400. Com- munion services were given by William and Mary, Queen Anne, and King George. Among the rectors were Dr. Vesey, for 50 years ; Dr. Barclay, from 1746 to 1764; Dr. Auchmuty; Bishops Provoost, Moore, and Hobart; Dr. Hobart. When the Revolution broke out, the clergy were Royalist; and the patriots closed the church, which was burned down in 1776, and rebuilt in 1788. The present church dates from 1846, and is a noble Gothic structure, with a rich gray interior, carved Gothic columns, groined roofs, and the magnificent marble and mosaic altar and reredos, erected by his family as a me- morial to the late William B. Astor. The church is usually open all day long, throughout the week, with morning and evening prayers, at 9 A.M. and 3 P.M., and imposing choral services on Sunday. The par- ish spends enormous sums annually in charities. Upjohn, the great- est of American architects in the Gothic style, devoted seven years to building Trinity. It has an elaborate chancel service of silver, pre- sented by good Queen Anne. Its spire, 284 feet high, commands a wide and wonderful view, and contains a melodious chime of bells. St Paul's, at Broadway and Vesey Street, was built in 1764-66, and faces away from Broadwa}', and was attended by Washington. It is a chapel of Trinity parish. The interior is quaint and old-fashioned to a degree. At mid-aisle, on the Vesey-street side, the site of the pew of Washington is marked with his initials. The organ was brought from England long years ago. Dr. Auchmuty used to read prayers for the king, in the chancel, until the drummers of the Ameri- can garrison beat him down with the long roll in the centre aisle. Among those buried in St. Paul's churchyard were Emmet and MacNeven, Irish patriots of '98 ; Gen. Richard Montgomery, the brave Irish- American, who was killed in storming Quebec; John Dixey, R.A., an Irish sculptor ; Capt. Baron de Rahenan, of one of the old Hessian regiments ; Col. the Sieur de Rochefontaine, of our Revolutionary army ; John Lucas and Job Sumner, majors in the Georgia Line and Massachusetts Line ; and Lieut.-Col. Beverly Robinson, the Loyalist. How to Know New York. 75 Trinity Chapel is a brown-stone Gothic church, on 25th Street, close to Madison Square. The inside walls are of Caen stone, with tiled floors, and rich stained windows. Dr. Swope is rector. St. John^s is a venerable sandstone chapel of Trinity parish, with a deep portico, on St. John's Park, where the great New-York Central freight-station now stands. Dr. Weston is rector. St. Augustine's, in Houston Street, near the Bower)'', is a handsome Queen Anne chapel of Trinity, with industrial schools, guilds, and mission-house. Dr. Kimber is in charge. An illuminated crystal cross on its lofty spire indicates when services are being held. The bell was cast in 1700, and presented by the Bishop of London, in 1704. Grace Church looks down Broadway from loth Street, and is a very sumptuous and ornate edifice of marble, with a lofty marble spire. The interior is rich in delicate carvings, lines of stone columns, forty stained-glass windows, etc. Renwick built the church in 1845. ^''• Huntington is rector. You should visit the beautiful little chantry, opening off the south aisle, and erected by Catherine Wolf's bounty. Calvary Church, at Fourth Avenue and 21st Street, is a cathedral- like stone structure, with a rich and spacious interior, great tran- septs, and clustered Gothic columns. It dates from 1847. St. George's, Low-church, on Stuyvesant Square, is an immense Byzantine structure of brown-stone, with lofty twin-spires, a rich chancel, and brilliant polychromatic interior. The elder Dr. Stephen H. Tyng was many years rector. W. S. Rainsford is rector. St. Mar/c's is a quaint old church, at Second Avenue and Stuy- vesant Place, with many mural tablets, and the tombs of Petrus Stuyvesant, the last Dutch governor; Col. Slaughter, one of the English governors ; and Gov. Tompkins. From the adjacent church- yard, A. T. Stewart's body was stolen, by night. On the site of St. Mark's, Gov. Stuyvesant built a chapel, near his quaint yellow-brick house, over two centuries ago. Church of the Holy Spirit, at Madison Avenue and 66th Street, designed by R. H. Robertson, is famous for its fine wood-carvings. St. James, on Madison Avenue, corner of 71st Street, is one of the most elegant in the denomination. The new edifice is but a few 'j6 How to Know New York. \ years old, but it is admired for its graceful exterior and its exquisite interior. St Bartholomew's, at Madison Avenue and West 44th Street, has a sumptuous richness of brilliant colors and gold, and stained windows, arcades and round arches, and polished granite pillars. Church of the Heavenly Rest, at 551 Fifth Avenue, contains pol- ished red and gray granite pillars, with immensely costly capitals, in carved roses and lilies ; frescos of Fra Angelico's seraphs ; richly carved roof-timbers, and brilliant windows. Low-church. St. Ignatius, 56 West 40th Street, opposite Bryant Park, is High- church and ritualistic, with a rich and almost Roman service, largely choral, and a fine marble altar. Arthur Ritchie is rector. St. Mary the Virgin is a ritualistic church, at 228 West 45th Street. Anthon Memorial Church, 139 East 48th St., Heber Newton, rector. St Thomas (Dr. Morgan), at Fifth Avenue and West 53d Street, is in Early-English Gothic, with its seven-sided chancel adorned with a magnificent group of paintings by John LaFarge, representing the Adoration of the Cross, with sculptures by Augustus St. Gaudens. The church cost $750,000. Church of the Holy Trinity^ at Madison Avenue and 42d Street, was the place of the younger Dr. Stephen H. Tyng's labors for many years. It is Low-church in its forms. Presbyterian. — Including the Reformed and the United wings, the Presbyterians have 55 churches. First Presbyterian Church, on Fifth Avenue, near nth Street, is a handsome stone building. Madison-Square Church is a neat brown-stone structure. Dr Parkhurst is pastor. Brick Churchy at Fifth Avenue and 37th Street, w'th a lofty spire, was for many years the scene of Dr. Spring's labors, and belongs to the oldest of the Presbyterian societies, formerly on Beekman Street. Dr. Vandyke is pastor. University-Place Church, at loth Street, is of stone, with a spire 184 feet high. How to Know New York. jj Murray-Hill Church, 135 East 40th Street» was the Rev. Dr. Bur- chard's. Church of the Covenant, at 34th Street and Park Avenue, is a Lombardo-Gothic temple. Fifth- Avenue Church, at 708 Fifth Avenue, corner of West 5Sth Street, is an enormous Gothic structure, with a spire of great height. It cost $750,000. Dr. John Hall, the celebrated English divine, is the pastor. Methodist. — There are 66 Methodist churches in New York, 5 of which are German, 6 African, i Swedish, and i Welsh. John-Street Church is the cradle of American Methodism, which began in 1766, when Philip Embury preached to four persons. Two years later, the society bought this site, and built the Wesley Chapel, replaced in 1817 and in 1841 by larger churches. The clock now there was presented by John Wesley, and the society has other pre- cious relics of the early days. St Paul's, at Fourth Avenue and East 22d Street, is a handsome white-stone structure, in Romanesque architecture, with a spire 210 feet high. St. Luke's is at 108 West 41st Street. Asbury Church is at 82 Washington Square. Lexington-Avenue Church is at East 52d Street. Baptists have 43 churches, including those for the French, Swedes, Germans, Africans, and other nationalities. Fifth- A venue Church is at the corner of West 46th Street. Dr. Armitage is the pastor. Madison-Avenue Church is at the corner of East 31st Street. Dr. Bridgman is pastor. Epiphany is at Madison Avenue and 64th Street. Dr. Elder. Calvary Church, on West 57th Street, is ministered to by Dr. Mac- Arthur. First Baptist Church, at Broome and Elizabeth Streets, is a Gothic building of rough stone. 78 How to Know New York. Tabernacfe, on Second Avenue, near loth Street, is an attractive Gothic building, near St. Mark's. This was once the leading Baptist church in America, in Dr. Edward Lothrop's day, but having run down, it was on the verge of being sold for a synagogue, until it was revived and beautified by its present pastor, the Rev. Dr. D. G. Potter, largely aided by contributions from the leaders of the Standard Oi! Company. CoNGREGATioNALiSTS have 8 churches. Tabernacle^ at Sixth Avenue and 34th Street, is a handsome Gothic temple, with elaborately carved pulpit and organ-screen. Dr. W. M. Taylor is pastor. On lower Madison Avenue, there are two Congregational churches, at East 45th Street and East 47th Str#et. Universalists maintain 4 churches. Church of the Divine Paternity (Dr. Eaton), at Fifth Avenue and 45th Street, was for many years ministered to by Dr. E. H. Chapin. It has towers 185 feet high. Unitarians support 2 churches, widely known by reason of their illustrious pastors. All Souls' Churchy at Fourth Avenue and East 20th Street, is a quaint red-and-white Byzantine edifice, in the style of the mediaeval Italian churches, in which the late Dr. Bellows preached for many years. Dr. Williams is pastor. Church of the Messiah, at Park Avenue and East 34th Street, on Murray Hill, is a spacious and handsome structure, with a beautiful portal. Robert Collyer is pastor. Reformed Dutch have 24 churches and chapels. Collegiate Middle Reformed Church, at 4th Street and Lafayette Place, built in 1839, has a handsome marble pulpit and a fine interior. Other Reformed Churches are on Fifth Avenue, at 21st, 29th, and 48th Streets. The latter is a rich and florid Gothic building of brown- stone, with colored windows, many high gables, and flying buttresses. How to Know New York. 79 Hebrew. — There are 30 synagogues and temples, with strange Oriental names and ritual, and many smaller shrines. Temple Emanu-EI, at Fifth Avenue and West 43d Street, is a pic- turesque pile of Oriental architecture, erected at a cost of $650,000, and rich in delicate detail-work, carvings, and color. The interior is dazzling in its brilliancy. Smaller Sects of every conceivable character have churches or meeting-places in various localities. Some of these are, — Catholic Apostolic, 128 West i6th Street. Christian Israelites, 108 ist Street. Reformed Episcopal, Madison Avenue and 55th Street. (Dr. Sabine.) New Jerusalem, 114 East 35th Street. (Mr. Seward.) Reformed Catholic, 79 West 83d Street. Moravian, 154 Lexington Avenue. Friends, 124 East 20th Street, 43 West 47th Street, and East I5tb Street, and Rutherford Place. Lutheran, 216 East 15th Street. BAGG'S HOTEL, UTICA, N. Y. BUHERFIELD HOUSE, UTICA, N. Y. SPRING HOUSE, Richfield Springs, N. Y. BAGG'S HOTEL FARM, EAST UTICA, N. Y. T. R. Proctor, utica, n.y. If you want any Utensils for Hotels, Restaurants, Confectionery, Ice Cream Saloons, Bakeries, etc., go to the Cheapest House in the United States, where you will find everything necessary in that line. WILLIAM HART, Nos. 32 and 34 Catharine Street, NEW YORK CITY. Philip Strobel & Sons, ESTABLISHED 1852, Manufacturers of TABLES AND CHAIRS Hotels, Restaurants, Cafes, and Club Houses, Oyster, Dining, Wine, and lager Beer Saloons. WAREROOMS : 53 and 55 Elizabeth Street, New York. Hoiv to Know New York. 8 1 THEATRES. The theatres of New York are among the best in the world, and should be visited by every sojourner in the tents of Manhattan. Care should be taken about buying tickets from speculators outside, as in some of the theatres such tickets will not be accepted. The sidewalks on Union Square, near the Washington statue, are fre- quented by numbers of actors waiting for engagements, and has hence come to be known as " The Slave Market," and " The Rialto." Several of the leading theatres, including the Metropolitan Opera- House, the Casino, and the Standard, are on Broadway, within half a mile of the Grand Union Hotel. All the others are of easy and quick access from the hotel. Academy of MusiCy a long and plain brick building at the corner of 14th Street and Irving Place, has been, since 1866, the home of Italian opera in New York, and latterly of the famous National Opera Com- pany. It cost $360,000, and has a magnificent interior, where some of the most notable balls and other entertainments have taken place. Nearly opposite is Irving Hall, also famous for fashionable balls and hops. The Academy has heard the impassioned songs of Lucca, Nilsson, Kellogg, Tietjens, Piccolomini, Gerster, Hauk, Brignoli, Campanini, Mario, and other famous singers. Bijou Opera-House, on Broadway, between 30th and 31st Streets, is the home of the comic opera. Casino, at Broadway and 39th Street, is a beautiful Moorish struc- ture, modelled after parts of the famous Alhambra. Here are produced comic operas, musical extravaganzas, and other light amuse- ments. On the roof is a pleasant and popular cq/e and summer-gar- den. Daly's, at Broadway and 31st Street, has an admirable stock com- pany, and renders modern and classic English comedies in a style of incomparable excellence. Augustin Daly is its manager. 82 How to Know New York. Dockstader's, on Broadway, near 29th Street, is devoted to min- strels, sketches, and entertaining varieties. Take 42d-street horse- cars to Broadway, and thence go south on Broadway horse-cars. Fifth- Avenue Theatre, corner of Broadway and 28th Street, is a beautiful and successful " star " theatre, built for Augustin Daly, and now managed by John Stetson. Fourteenth-Street Theatre, on 14th Street, near Sixth Avenue, is a handsome gray building, with a classic portico. It has also been known as the Lyceum Theatre (when Fechter conducted it), and Hav- erly's. It has a very handsome and comfortable auditorium. Grand Opera-House, at Eighth Avenue and 23d Street, is an immense structure of white marble, for a long time run by James Fisk, jun. The prices here are much lower than at the other large theatres, and its great auditorium has witnessed many fine " star " performances. Harrigan's Park Theatre, at Broadway and 35th Street, is under Edward Harrigan's management, and furnishes capital novelties and comedies, in which the drolleries of the Hibernian character are deftly illustrated. Harry Miner's Theatres, one on Eighth Avenue, near 23d Street, and the other on the Bowery, near Broome Street, are devoted to varieties and other light performances. London Theatre, on the Bowery, between Rivington and Stanton Streets, produces varieties and popular shows. Lyceum Theatre is a beautiful new structure on Fourth Avenue, near 23d Street (next to the Academy of Design), built under the direction of Steele Mackaye, and richly decorated by Tiffany. Here one may see modern comedies and popular dramas of high excellence. Madison-Square Garden, at Fourth and Madison Avenues, and 26th and 27th Streets, has the largest auditorium in the city. Here occur pedestrian and pugilistic matches, circuses, Barnum's or Wild-West shows, exhibitions of flowers, dogs, etc. Madison-Square Theatre, on 24th Street, n«ar Broadway (adjoining the Fifth-avenue Hotel), is one of the best in America, with an admi- rable stock company, devoted to society dramas and comedies of modern life. It has a double, movable stage, so that succeeding How to Knozv New York. 83 scenes can be presented without delay ; and the orchestra is seques- tered in a remote eyry above the curtain. Metropolitan Opera-House is the largest audience-room in" the world, and has 122 boxes (each with a spacious parlor attached), and seats for 6,000 persons. It is an enormous Renaissance building, of yellow brick, 200 by 260 feet, with broad foyers, 17 entrances, and a stage 96 by y6 feet, and 120 feet high. The structure is of brick and iron, and practically fireproof. It was opened in 1883, by Nilsson and Campanini, in " Faust." Here the great German and Italian operas are given in magnificent style, with every accessory of fine scenery and stage-effects. It fronts on Broadway, and extends from 3Sth to 39th Streets. Mount-Morris Theatre is at 2398 Third Avenue, in Harlem. Niblo's Garden, at 580 Broadway, near Prince Street (alongside the Metropolitan Hotel), is a spacious and splendid theatre, with broad lobbies, and a handsome auditorium seating two thousand persons. It occupies the site of a summer-garden founded many years ago by William Niblo. Here may be seen ballets, spectacular pieces, and the best melodramas. Oriental Theatre, 113 Bowery, gives performances in Hebrew. People's Theatre is at 199 Bowery. Standard Theatre, at Broadway, Sixth Avenue, and 33d Street, is a large new theatre, devoted to modern society plays, comedies, etc. Star Theatre, at Broadway and 13th Street, has a large and brilliant auditorium, devoted to opera comique and "star " representations. It is the old Wallack's Theatre. Thalia Theatre, at 46 Bowery (corner of Canal Street), is devoted to plays in the German language, by a good stock company. It occu- pies the site of the famous old Bowery Theatre, opened in 1826, and notable for the triumphs of Forrest, Rice, Junius Brutus Booth, Char- lotte Cushman, and other great actors. Theatre Comique is on 125th Street, Harlem, near Third Avenue. Third-Avenue Theatre, on Third Avenue, between 30th and 31st Streets, exhibits popular dramas and plays, at low prices. It was built by McKee Rankio. ^r^ 'T/^OC^T^ y^ T^ Cy V'^e give special M a M \ a a^ jfv'^ \ ^^^^^^i^"*^ ^'^ ^*^^''^ trade. \^ JL kj A JL-^ JLV. O y^'^ su/>/>iy t;:e Grand Union Hotel atid many Small Blue I*oiuts a Specialty. other hotels. Also, Rockaway, Shrewsbury, Prince's Bay, East River, and all other Oysters, from our own beds and plafiting. Little Neck Clams. Van Orden Brothers, Boat ^o, 5, Foot of Perry Street, AT/?aoi Vn^h North Itiver. -^ ^ ^ "^ -^ ^^'^^ Nathan s Barnett, DEALERS IN VEGETABLES 102 BARCLAY STREET, NEW YORK. Hotels, Restaurants, and Shipping supplied at short notice, on reasonable terms. How to Know New York. 85 Tony Pastor's Theatre, on East 14th Street, between Tammany Hall and the Academy of Music, is sacred to variety shows, and is the best of its kind in the city. Union-Square Theatre, at 56 East 14th Street, near Broadway, is a handsome little house, always a favorite with theatre-goers, where the best "star " actors make their appearance. Take Third-avenue Ele- vated Railroad to 14th Street. Wallack's (Broadway and 30th Street) is one of the leading thea tres of the metropolis, with one of the best stock companies in the country, and a brilliant and comfortable auditorium. It presents choice modern dramas and comedies, in a style of great splendor. The manager is Lester Wallack, son of the founder of the famous old Wallack's Theatre. Public Halls. At Chickering Hall (Fifth Avenue and iSth Street), Steinway Hall (107 14th Street, near Irving Place), and other large and beautifully decorated halls, lectures and concerts and other fash- ionable public entertainments are given frequently. Eden Musee, on West 23d Street, near Fifth Avenue, is an attractive new building, containing wax portrait-figures of many famous men and women, in life-size, historical groups, a subterranean Chamber of Horrors, and other interesting curiosities. Almost all visitors to New York include this remarkably instructive and entertaining sight in their grand rounds. The entrance-fee is fifty cents; and the collec- tion is one of the very best and largest of the kind in the world, rival- ling the famous London wax-works of Madame Tussaud. Old London-Street Company has a quaint stone structure on Broad- way, near 8th Street, on the site of Dr. Osgood's church, and the theatres of Daly and Harrigan & Hart. It is entered by a low Gothic ^■aX^, z. facsimile of St. Eskerwald's Gate; and inside is an ancient London street, with Sir Paul Pindar's lodge, the Gunpowder-plot house, a duplicate of Izaak Walton's Fleet-street home, the old Devil's Tavern (Shakspeare's and Ben Jonson's), the East-Indian House, the Tabard Inn, Wapping Old Stairs, St. Andrew Undershaft Church, the Queen's Head, the White-Hart Inn, Trinity Guildhall, and other celebrated old KlLsabethan buildings, with antique English 86 How to Know Neiv York. fire-engines, stocks, " Ye Leadenhalle Presse," and many other curiosi- ties. Tradesmen in antique costumes are engaged carving wood, painting cliina, and working on brass, iron, silver, &tc. ; and the air is filled with old English melodies. Harry Hill's Concert-Hall, on Houston Street, is a famous resort for countrymen, where high-priced beer and horrible nmsic are served up in a cheaply adorned hall, with tobacco-smoking women of no doubt- ful character. At the present writing, this resort, together with many others of the same kind, has been closed up by the authorities. In the vicinity of Union and Madison Squares are several larger and finer concert-saloons, where the provincial visitor can get nothing good, and but little fun. Base Ball may be seen at the Polo Grounds, Eighth Avenue and 155th Street. Reached by Sixth Avenue Elevated Railroad to 155th Street. Manhattan Athletic Club grounds. Eighth Avenue and 86th Street. Sixth-avenue Elevated Railroad to 8ist-street Station. Caledonian Club, foot of East 68th Street, at Jones's Wood. Second- avenue Elevated Railroad to 65th-street Station. New-York Athletic Club's grounds, Mott Haven, on Harlem Rail- road. Metropolitan Park, at First Avenue and io8th Street, is the scene of 2xciting base-ball games. Broadway Theatre, ^t Broadway and 41st Street, is a very handsome new theatre, and is said to be fire-proof. It is devoted to light opera of the better class, and rivals the Casino in popularity. It is open all summer. How to Know New York. 87 CLUBS, SOCIETIES, ETC. Union League Club house, at Fifth Avenue and West 39th Street, was built in 1879-80, at a cost of $400,000, with sumptuous halls, din- ing-room, art-gallery, library, billiard-room, cafe, etc., decorated by Louis Tiffany, John LaFarge, and Franklin Smith. The club has 1,500 members. The entrance-fee is $300, and the annual dues $75. It was organized in 1863, as a union of gentlemen devoted to "abso- lute and unqualified loyalty to the Government of the United States ... to resist and expose corruption, and promote reform in National, State, and municipal affairs ; and to elevate the idea of American citizenship." It raised and equipped several regiments for the Na- tional armies during the Secession war. This is the most elegant club-house in America. Union Club is a prominent social organization at Fifth Avenue and 2ist Street. Authors' Club, at 19 West 24th Street, decorated by Francis Lathrop, is- the haunt of the leading men of letters in the great metropolis. Among its members are Curtis, Eggleston, Stedman, Stoddard, Bun- ner, Matthews, Boyesen, Godwin, Hay, and James. In the same build- ing is the hall of the New-York Fencing Club (see Century Maga- zine, January, 18S7). Grolier Club (64 Madison Avenue) contains 50 bibliophiles, and studies bookbinding, extending, fine printing, paper-making, etc., as arts. New-York Athletic Club, founded in 1868, is the leading society of the kind in America. It has a four-story building at Sixth Avenue and 55th Street, with bowling, billiards, swimming-tanks, gymnasium, cafe, parlors, reading-room, etc. The grounds and boat-houses are at Mott Haven. There are 2,000 members. Manhattan Athletic Club (524 Fifth Avenue) has a sumptuous double house of brown-stone for its home, with caf^, billiard, chess, and card 88 Hoiv to Know New York, rooms, reading-room, and great wealth of statuary, paintings, velvet carpets, gymnasium, etc. Their athletic grounds and cinder-track are at Eighth Avenue and 86th and 87th Streets. The club was founded In 1877. Lotos Club, at Fifth Avenue and 21st Street, is a social organiza- tion, with monthly art-receptions in its handsome brown-stone build- ing. It includes many authors, artists, actors, etc. Admission, $200; annual dues, $50. There are 500 members. Century Association, at 109 East 15th Street, is for the advancement of literature and art, and has a fine library and picture-gallery. 600 members. American Jockey Club, 22 West 27th Street. Race-course at Jerome Park. The chief racing association in America. Caledonian Club, handsome sandstone building at Greenwich Avenue and 13th Street (Jackson Square). Founded in 1856, as a social and athletic society for Scotchmen. Calumet Club, 3 West 30th Street. Young society-men. Canadian Club, 12 East 29th Street. Founded 1884. Coney-Island Jockey Club. Mile-track at Sheepshead Bay. Down-Town Club, 50 Pine Street. 500 members. Harmonie Club, in a handsome building at 45 West 42d Street. 360 German members. Founded in 1852. The Lambs, 26th Street, near Sixth Avenue, largely composed of actors, with Lester Wallack as the Shepherd. Merchants' Club, 108 Leonard Street. Founded 1872. 200 mem- bers. New-York Press Club, 120 Nassau Street. 350 members. Founded 1872. New-York Southern Society includes many eminent Southerners, now domiciled in New York. Racquet Club, Sixth Avenue and 26th Street. Two courts. 450 members. Kit-Kat Club, at 23 East 14th Street, is composed of artists. Knickerbocker Club, at Fifth Avenue and 32d Street, is a very aristocratic society of 300 members. How to Know New York. 89 Manhattan Club has a fine brown-stone building at Fifth Avenue and 15th Street. It was founded in 1S65, to advance Democratic principles. St. Nicholas Club, 413 Fifth Avenue, was founded in 1875, ^^ a social organization of descendants of the New- York families, prior to 1785. 300 members. St. Nicholas Society, founded in 1835, for descendants of old New- Yorkers before 1785, has famous dinners, and includes the old aris- tocracy of the city. Sorosis is a woman's club, founded in 1868, and now with 350 members. Meets twice a month at Delmonico's. University Club, Madison Avenue and 26th Street (old Union- League Club-house). Founded in 1865. -^^r former students at col- iege, West Point, or Annapolis. Tammany Society was founded in 1789, to inculcate love of America, with an aboriginal ritual, intended to conciliate the hostile Indians, and to antagonize the aristocratic Cincinnati. William Mooney was the first Grand Sachem. The members, in Indian costume, received the sachems of the Creeks from Carolina. Yacht-Clubs. — The Larchmont, New-York (57 Madison Avenue), American (574 Fifth Avenue), Seawanhaka (Tompkinsville), and At- Jantic (Bay Ridge), are the chief yacht-clubs of the city. Rowing-Clubs include the Atalanta, Nassau, Gramercy, Columbia- College, and New-York Athletic, which have their boat-houses along Harlem River, near Third Avenue. Bicycling-Clubs. — The New-York Bicycling Club, founded in 1879, has rooms in 59th Street, near the Park. The Citizens' Bicycit. Club is at 26 West 60th Street, where they have the best club-house for the purpose in America. Several smaller clubs are in existence. There are upwards of 1,200 bicycles in the city, and great numbers in Brooklyn and other adjacent municipalities. Ohio Society of New York, 236 Fifth Avenue. American Chemical Society, University Building. American Ethnological Society, 60 Wall Street. It dates from 1842, and Albert Gallatin was its first presideiit. JAMES EVERARD, Pure Canada Malt Lager Beer. Export a?id Bottling Departments, 223, 225, and 227 East 20th St., NEW YORK CI1"Y. Old Stand of W. N. Seymour & Co. Established iSi6. WHITE, VAN GLAHN & CO., Wholesale and Retail HARDWARE, Ctitleo^ Tools, Etc., ICE HOUSE AND BUTCHERS' FIXTURES, 15 and 16 Chatham Square, NEW YORK. Sole Agents in the U. S. for J. B. Addis & Sons' Genuine I London Carving Tools. How to Know New York, 91 American Geographical Society owns a building at No. 11 West 29th Street. Founded in 1852. 1,500 fellows. Chief Justice Charles P. Daly is president. It has 20,000 volumes and 8,000 maps. American IVIetrological Society, East 49th Street. American l\l1icroscopical Society, 12 East 22d Street. Founded 1865. American Numismatic and Archceological Society, 45 University. American Pfii/oiogicaf Society, 36 Cooper Union. NewYorIc Genealogical and Biographical Society, 64 Madison Ave. New-York Horticultural Society, 26 West 28th Street. Masonic Temple (Sixth Avenue and 23d Street) is a massive and simple building of gray granite, erected at a cost of over $1,000,000. The ground-floor is devoted to business, the second floor to the Grand-Lodge Hall, the third and fourth to lodge and chapter rooms. Odd-Fellows' Hall, at Grand and Centre Streets, is a singular-look- ing and massive structure, built about the year i860, and containing many decorated lodge-rooms. There are about 100 lodges. Young Men's Christian Association, at Fourth Avenue and 23d Street, has a spacious and stately Renaissance building (erected in 1869) of New-Jersey brown-stone, and yellow Ohio marble ; with library (35,000 volumes), gymnasium, lecture-rooms. It is open from 8 A.M. to 10 P.M. (Sundays, 2 to 10), and strangers are made very wel- come. It aims to improve the spiritual, mental, and physical condi- tion of young men by evening classes, sociables, prayer-meetings, Bible-classes, music, entertainments, etc. There are seven branches. Young Women's Christian Association, in East 15th Street, near Fifth Avenue, is a handsome building of red brick and rock-faced Belleville stone, with a pyramidal roof of red Akron tiles, and abun- dant tiling, terra cotta, oaken wainscots, stained glass, etc. Inside are rich parlors, a large chapel, employment rooms, a large library (10,000 volumes), and free schools for type-writing, book-keeping, short-hand, dress-making, wall-paper designing, modelling, etc. The Association was founded in 1871, and has 180 members. R. H. Robertson erected the building in 1886, at a cost of $125,000, to which John Jacob Astor gave $30,000, and the three Vanderbilt daughters (Mrs. Sloane, Mrs. Shepard, and Mrs. Twombly) $45,500. 92 How to Know New York, "FLATS," OR APARTMENT-HOUSES. Some of the largest and finest structures in the city are the apart- ment-houses, or " flats." Each apartment is complete in itself, con- taining all the rooms requisite for housekeeping. The rent of an apartment of the better class ranges from one to seven thousand dollars per year, according to size and location. The buildings are provided with elevators, hall-boys, electric lights, and in many cases are fire-proof. The expensive apartments are elegantly fitted up with hard-woods and inlaid floors, frescos, etc., and contain from seven to twenty-five rooms each. One of the differences between " Flats " and "Apartment-Houses " is that the former have kitchens, equipped for housekeeping ; while the latter have restaurants where the occupants get their meals. The following are among the largest : — Central-Park Apartment-Houses, on 59th Street, near Seventh Ave- nue, form the largest flat-hotel in the world, including several huge fireproof buildings, — the Madrid, Cordova, Granada, Lisbon, — com- prehended in one plan, and magnificent in all their appointments. The whole structure is best known as the " Navarro Flats," and is said to have cost upwards of seven million dollars. Dakota, at Eighth Avenue and yid Street, is another vast and costly structure, 155 feet high, and gorgeous in all its detaisl. It is called the finest in New York. The rent of an apartment runs as high as seven thousand dollars a year. It was built by Clark, of Singer Sewing-Machine fame. Osborne, at the corner of Seventh Avenue and 57th Street, is 11 stories (171 feet) high, of rock-faced Connecticut brown-stone, fire- proof, with floors and roof of iron, brick, and concrete, all rooms fin- ished in mahogany or ash, electric lights, steam-heat. Tiffany stained glass, etc. The main entrance is said to be the finest in New York, with heavy oaken doors, rare marbles, mosaic, frescos, and stained glass, furnished by the LaFarge Decorative Art Company. How to Know New York, 93 ISLANDS. Sfaten Island, at the mouth of the harbor, covers nearly 60 square aiiles, and has 40,000 inhabitants, two railroads, the Sailors' Snug Harbor (near New Brighton), the summer-resorts at St. George, and the great fortifications overlooking the Narrows. People call it " the American Isle of Wight," on account of the beauty of its scenery of hill and sea ; and many New- York merchants have their homes here. It was the Staaten Eylandt of the Dutch, and is a county of New York. Ferry-boats leave Whitehall every half-hour or so, for St. George. Fare, ten cents. It has along part of its length the Staten- Island Railroad, which is a connecting chain of many very attractive villages, where are to be seen hundreds of remarkably pretty homes. Here George William Curtis has lived many years. Here, too, lives Erastus Wiman, who of late years has been foremost in advancing the interests of Staten Island. David's Island, off New Rochelle, was made an army hospital in 1861, and a depot for recruits in 1869. It is now a sort of school for company-cooks for the American army. Hart's Island, off Pelham Neck, is the site of city hospitals and workhouses, and of the Potter's Field, where over 2,000 pauper and unknown dead are buried every year. Ward's Island, near Hell Gate, has 200 acres, with fine old forests, and the State Emigrant Hospital, House of Refuge, Lunatic Hospital, Homoeopathic Hospital, Soldiers' Home, etc., a group of costly build- ings, attractively embowered in foliage, and looking out on wide lawns. Bedloe's Island, 2 miles from the Battery, covers 13^ acres, and has the obsolete works of Fort Wool, with a small garrison of artillerists, and the Bartholdi statue of Liberty. Ellis Island, i{ mile from the Battery, is used for a magazine, and contains the ancient bulwarks of Fort Gibson. 94 How to Know New York. Randall's Island covers loo acres, where the Harlem River enters the East River, and has 2,500 inhabitants, mostly destitute children in the House of Refuge, Children's Hospital, Nursery, and other vast and handsome brick buildings, where they are instructed in work and study by the paternal city. Black well's Island, in the East River, covers 120 acres, and is occu- pied by vast and imposing prisons and asylums, built by the convicts from stone quarried on the island. At the south end is the Charity Hospital, with 1,200 beds and 24 skilful house-physicians. Next comes the great Penitentiary, where 1,200 unfortunate criminals are kept under guard. It has a battlemented roof and towers, and is built of granite and iron. More than half of the prisoners are foreigners. Farther north are the two great Almshouses, one for each sex, with high verandas and pleasant grounds. Farther up are the Workhouses, the City Lunatic-Asylum, and other cancer-spots of modern Manhat- tan. Visitors must get a pass at Third Avenue and nth Street, and go over on the ferry from East 26th Street. Governor's Island is a picturesque ornament of the inner harbor, about half a mile from the Batter}', towards Brooklyn. It is the headquarters of the Military Department of the Atlantic (Major-Gen. Schofield), and has forts galore, and parks of guns, magazines, bar- racks, and a beautiful parade-ground. At one end is the circular three- story stone fortress of Castle William, built in 181 1, and at one time a prison for a thousand Southern soldiers; and near the centre are the low and massive walls of the star-shaped Fort Columbus. There are grand old trees on the island, the museum of the United Service Institution (including Gen. Sheridan's famous Winchester horse, mementos of Washington, Hogarth's painting implements, and souvenh's of Indian, East-Indian, and Secession wars), and the Chapel of Cornelius the Centurion. Steamboats run hourly from the Battery. How to Know New York. 95 COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS. A FEW years ago, if a man wished to become a hermit, he would take an office on the fourth or fifth story of a building. No one would ascend to such dizzy heights, save an occasional daring book- agent or advertising solicitor, who, when he got there, would be too short of breath to explain his mission, or offer more than the feeblest opposition to his ejectment. The introduction of the passenger ele- vator has revolutionized this, and led to the construction of immensely lofty buildings for business purposes. Now the greater the altitude, the more desirable the accommodation. An office upon the tenth or twelfth story of one of these buildings is light, cool, airy, and quiet, and as easy of access as if nearer the ground. Equitable Building on Broadwa}', between Cedar and Pine Streets, was finished in 1887, and is a mountainous pile of Quincy granite, solid and fireproof as a rock, and with four imposing fa9ades, abounding in pillars and carvings. The high-arched Broadway en- trance, 22 feet wide, leads to the finest court-yard in America, 100 by 44 feet in area, with a tessellated pavement, from which rise lines of rose-colored marble colunms with onyx capitals, upholding an entab- lature of polished red granite, above which is a finely arched roof of stained glass and polished marble. The building fronts for 167I feet on Broadway, and cost ^8,000,000. Mutual Life-Insurance Building is 165 feet high, fireproof, rich in marble, wrought-iron work, mahogany, Whittier elevators, and other modern architectural luxuries, and costing not far from $2,000,000. Washington Building, on Broadway, Battery Place, and Greenwich Street, belongs to the great financier, Cyrus W. Field. It is twelve stories high, and the great observatory-tower reaches an altitude of 235 feet from the pavement. The top of the flag-staff is higher than Trinity spire or the Liberty statue. The view from the tower b the finest in the city, — one of the finest in the world. 96 How to Know New York. Mills Building, on Broad Street, is a vast structure, forming three sides of a court-yard. It cost ^2,700,000. United Bank Building, at Broadway and Wall Street, the "Fort Sherman" of the financiers, contains the offices once occupied by Gen. Grant. Here Ferdinand Ward concocted his vast and historic swindles. Roscoe Conkling's office is on one of the upper floors. Standard Oil Company' s Building, on Broadway, is the largest marble structure in New York. Here is the office of William Rockafeller. D rex el Building, at Broad and Wall Streets, is of white marble, in Renaissance architecture, and cost $700,000. Aldrich Court, on Broadway, opposite Exchange Place, is another lofty palace of trade. It was finished in 1887, and contains 300 offices, lighted at night by 2,600 Edison incandescent lights, and reached by four Otis elevators. It is built around a court-yard, 50 by 70 feet. Manhattan Bank Building, on Wall Street, near Broad Street, is of polished gray granite, and is one of the finest structures in the city. It was finished in 1885, and is occupied by banks, lawyers, etc. Trinity Building, on one of the Broadway sides of Trinity Church- yard, is a vast hive of lawyers, real-estate dealers, etc. Boreel Building is an immense brick structure, filled with offices, largely of famous and powerful insurance companies. Western Union Telegraph Building, at Dey Street and Broadway, is of brick, granite, and marble, eight stories high, with a tall tower. Temple Court is a huge building 160 feet high, erected at a cost of $1,200,000, and belonging to Eugene Kelly. This is one of an amaz- ing group of buildings at the corner of Nassau and Beekman Streets. Potter Building, on the opposite corner, with fronts on Printing- house Square, Nassau and Beekman Streets, is of iron and brick, 185 feet high, and cost $2,500,000. Morse Building, Nassau and Beekman Streets, ten stories (165 feet) high, is of red and black brick, and belongs to the son and nephew of Professor S. F. B. Morse. It is fireproof and massive. Stewart Building, at Broadway and Chambers Street, of white marble, occupies the site of the ancient negro burying-ground, and afterward of Washington Hall. It was erected for A. T. Stewart. How to Know New York, 97 HOSPITALS, DISPENSARIES, HOMES, Etc. All over the city, there are hospitals and dispensaries, where the sick and ailing are treated and cared for. If the patient is poor, no charge is made : if able, he is expected to pay a moderate sum. The list is so great that we shall mention but a few, and then must refer the reader interested in such matters to the list in the City Directory. New York is peculiarly blessed in this most noble form of charity ; and any one who is sick or ailing, however poor, will be cared for at one of these institutions. Even the dumb animals are provided for : there are two hospitals in the city where poor people may have their domestic animals doctored free, and where there are accommoda- tions for sick horses and dogs. In many of the hospitals, for 55^5,000 the donor and his successors have the privilege of nominating the occupant of a bed for all time. Frequently a bed is thus endowed in memory of some dead friend or relative, whose name it bears. Such a monument is more beautiful and enduring than any work of the sculptor's chisel. There are also a great number of benevolent societies for the care of the blind, deaf and dumb, insane, aged, orphaned, indigent poor and friendless, of every sort and description. Many millions are an- nually spent on these charities. Bloomingdale Asylum for the Insane, at Boulevard and 117th Street, ©n Washington Heights, is a palatial brown-stone building, erected mainly in 1821, amid charming grounds of 45 acres. Only paying patients are received. Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, at Fanwood (i62d Street), Wash- ington Heights, is richly endowed, and has 37 acres of grounds. It was founded in 1816, and educates 250 pupils, the course being 8 years. Open daily, 1.30 to 4 p.m. Institution for the Blind, at Ninth Avenue and West 34th Street, has a granite Gothic building. It was founded in 1831. Blind chil* F. 1325 Broadway, bet. 34th & 35th Sts west side, I New York. MANUFACTURER OF Mm, TentM Flags. A new style of Ventilated Awning. Imported and Doi rustic Canvas and Bunting for sale. Political Bahkers, Transparencies, Etc. CANOPIES, Dancing Crash, Camp Chairs, and Vienna Bent Wood Dining Chairs. Round, Exten- sion, and Folding Tables to let. PORTABLE HAT RACKS. 4S- INVITATIONS DELIVERED. Telephone Call, 890 39th. Men to call Carriages, in Livery, The Trade Supplied. OAKLEY & KEATING, 40 Cortlandt Street, NEW YORK. LAUNDRY ENGINEERS, and Manufacturers of Laundry Machinery. Hotel and Institution Work a specialty. Refer to Mr. W. D. GARRISON, Grand L^nion Hotel. SEND FOR CATALOGUE. How to Knozv New York. 99 dren are educated here, in letters and useful arts. Open to visitors, I to 6 P.M. daily. New-York Hospital (15th Street, near Fifth Avenue) is a great, many-balconied, brick building, with ornamental Gothic gables. The institution was founded by the Earl of Dunmore, in 177 1 ; and its ancient seat, between Duane and Church Streets and Broadway, was vacated in 1870, the present building being opened in 1877. Ward patients pay $1 a day. St Luke's Hospital, at Fifth Avenue and 54th Street, was founded in 1850 by the Rev. W. A. Muhlenberg, and has an oblong parallelo- gram of buildings, with wings, and a central chapel flanked with towers. It is attended by Episcopal nuns, and the form of worship is Episcopalian ; but patients are received without regard to sect. Orphan Asylum, at Riverside Park, was founded about 1807, in a small hired house below City-hall Park. Its property is now worth $1,000,000, and 200 orphans are in its charge. Mount Sinai Hospital, at Lexington Avenue and East 66th Street, is a noble Elizabethan pile of brick and marble, admirably equipped, with nearly 200 free beds. It cost $340,000, and was erected by Jewish New-Yorkers, but is non-sectarian. Presbyterian Hospital, at Madison Avenue and East 70th Street, founded by James Lenox, who also established the magnificent Lenox Library, is a handsome Gothic building, dating from 1872. Cancer Hospital, The New York (there is but one other in the world), is on Eighth Avenue, near 105th Street. It was founded in 1884, with an endowment of $200,000 from John Jacob Astor, $50,000 from Mrs. Gen. Cullom, and $25,000 each from Mrs. Astor, Mrs. R. L. Stuart, and Mrs. C. H. Rogers. Old Ladies' Home, of the Baptist Church, on 68th Street, near Fourth Avenue, is a spacious semi-Gothic building in the form of the letter H. Roosevelt Hospital, at Ninth Avenue and 59th Street, richly en- dowed by the late James H. Roosevelt, is an admirably arranged and spacious pavilion hospital, opened in 187 1, and accommodating 180 patients. lOO How to Know Nezv York. Among the other beneficent institutions of New York are,— Actors' Fund, 12 Union Square. American Dramatic-Fund, 1267 Broadway. American Veterinary Hospital, 141 West 54th Street. Artists' Fund Society, 6 Astor Place. Association for Befriending Children and Young Girls, 136 Second Avenue. Catholic, for 200 vagrants. Association for the Improved Instruction of Deaf-Mutes, Lexing- ton Avenue and 67th Street. Association for the Relief of Respectable Aged Indigent Females, Tenth Avenue and 104th Street. Founded 1814. Asylum for Lying-in Women, 139 Second Avenue. Founded 1823. Asylum of St. Vincent de Paul, 215 Weft 39th Street. For 150 orphans. Baptist Home for Aged Persons, Fourth Avenue and 68th Street. Bethany Institute for Woman's Christian Work, 69 Second Avenue. Bible and Fruit Mission, East 26th Street. Bread and Beef House, 139 West 48th Street. Catholic Protectory, at Fordham. Chambers-Street Hospital, 160 Chambers Street. Chapin Home for the Aged and Infirm, 151 East 66th Street. Charity Organization Society, 21 University Place. Children's Aid Society, 24 St. Mark's Place. City Mission Society, 306 Mulberry Street. Colored Home and Hospital, First Avenue and 65th Street. Colored Orphan Asylum, Tenth Avenue and 143d Street. 300 beneficiaries. Founded 1837. Day Nursery and Babies' Shelter, 143 West 20th Street. Emergency Hospital, 223 East 26th Street. Female Assistance Society, 288 Madison Avenue. Five-Points House of Industry, 155 Worth Street. Five-Points Mission, 61 Park Street. Foundling Asylum, 68th Street, near Third Avenue. Free Home for Destitute Young Girls, 47 West nth Street. How to Know New York. lOi Friends' Employment Society, Rutherford Place. Grace Memorial House, 94 Fourth Avenue. Hahnemann Homoeopathic Hospital, Fourth Avenue, near East 67th Street. Harlem Hospital, 27 West 124th Street. Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum Society, Tenth Avenue and West 136th Street. Home for Aged Hebrews, 105th Street, near Tenth Avenue. Home for Aged Men and Women, io6th Street, near Ninth Avenue. Home for Colored Aged, foot of East 65th Street. Home for Convalescent, 433 East iiSth Street. Home for Deaf-Mutes, 220 East 13th Street. Home for Fallen and Friendless Girls, 49 West 4th Street. Home for Incurables, 54 West nth Street. Home for Inebriates, Madison Avenue and 86th Street. Home for Mothers and Infants, Tenth Avenue and West 6ist Street. Home for Old Men and Aged Couples, 487 Hudson Street. Home for Sailors, 190 Cherry Street. Home for the Aged Poor, 231 West 38th Street, and 179 East 70th Street. Home for the Friendless, 32 East 30th Street. Home for Women, 273 Water Street, 260 Greene Street. Home of Industry for Reformed Men, 40 East Houston Street. Hospital New-York College of Veterinary Surgeons, East fSth Street, near Fifth Avenue. Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled, Lexington Avenue and 42d Street. House of Industry, 120 West i6th Street. House of Mercy, West 86th Street. House of Rest for Consumptives, at Fordham. House of the Good Shepherd, East 89th Street. Howard Mission, 56 Rivington Street. Infant Asylum, Tenth Avenue and East 6ist Street. Institution for the Blind, Ninth Avenue and 34th Street 102 How to Know New York. Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, Tenth Avenue and i62d Street Institution of Mercy, 33 East Houston Street. Juvenile Asylum, Tenth Avenue and 176th Street. Ladies' Helping Hand Association, 160 West 29th Street. Leake and Watts Orphan House, Ninth Avenue and iiith Street. Magdalen Asylum, 88th Street, near Fifth Avenue. Manhattan Eye and Ear Hospital, 103 Park Avenue. Masonic Board of Relief, Masonic Temple. Medical Mission, 81 Roosevelt Street. Methodist-Episcopal Home, 255 West 42d Street. For aged and infirm. Metropolitan Throat Hospital, 351 West 34th Street. Midnight Mission, 260 Greene Street. For fallen women. New-York Eye and Ear Infirmary, Second Avenue and 13th Street. New-York Infirmary for Women and Children, 5 Livingston Place. New-York Ophthalmic Hospital, 201 East 23d Street. Nursery and Child's Hospital, Lexington Avenue and 51st Street. Olivet Helping Hand, 63 2d Street. Orphan Asylum (Catholic), Fifth Avenue and Madison Avenue, between 51st and 52d Streets. 1,200 children. Orphan's Home (Episcopal), 49th Street, near Lexington Avenue. Peabody Home for Aged Women, West Farms. Presbyterian Home for Aged Women, 73d Street, near Madison Avenue. St. Barnabas Home, 304 Mulberry Street. St. Elizabeth Hospital, 225 West 31st Street. St. Francis Hospital, 605 5th Street. St. John's Guild, 8 University Place. St. Joseph's Orphan Asylum, Avenue A and 89th Street. State Charities Aid Association, 21 University Place. Trinity Hospital, 50 Varick Street. Women's Christian Temperance Home, 440 East 57th Street. Women's Hospital, Fourth Avenue and 49th Street. Young Women's Home, 27 Washington Square. How to Knozv New York. 103 A STROLL UP FIFTH AVENUE. Fifth Avenue is the Belgravia of the American metropolis, the centre of its fashion and splendor, the home of its merchant- princes. It is at its best on a pleasant Sunday, at the time when the churches are out ; or on a bright afternoon, when its long lines of carriages are rumbling away towards the Park. The scene of beauty and animation then presented is unequalled in America (or in Europe or Asia, for that matter) ; and in the perfect costumes of the promenaders, the dignity of the equipages, the variety and beauty of the domestic and ecclesiastical architecture, affords numberless objects of interest for the amazed and delighted provincial phi- losopher. Here, on every side, are gorgeous club-houses, churches notable for their beauty, and a domestic architecture of rare variety and comfort, with picture-galleries, and rich porticos, and long vistas of Connecti- cut brown-stone palaces, the homes of incalculable wealth and splen- dor. From its beginning in Washington Square, the avenue traverses miles of a palatial residence-quarter, until it reaches Central Park, and passes on, a league beyond, into the suburban life of Harlem. In taking a stroll up Fifth Avenue, of about a league, one should be accompanied by a herald king-at-arms, a mercantile register, an ilite directory, and a wise old club-man with his stores of personal and family gossip. In default of these, we have strung together here a few items of interest, which may interest the passing tourist. The black omnibuses of the Fifth-avenue Transportation Company, limited, run at frequent intervals from Bleecker Street up South Fifth Avenue, across Washington Square, and along the avenue to 72d Street (fare, 5 cents). Washington Square, where Fifth Avenue begins, is a park of nine acres, occupying the mournful site of the old Potter's Field, wherein more than 100,000 human bodies were buried. On its east side is the I04 How to Know New York. white-stone Gothic building of the University of the City of New York, with 800 students and 64 instructors. It is described by Theodore Winthrop in his brilliant novel of "Cecil Dreeme." On and near the square dwell Charles DeKay, the poet; the famous saltatory Kiralfy family ; Augustus St. Gaudens, the sculptor ; the De Navarro fami- lies, Walter Shirlaw; Gaston L. Feuardent, the antiquary; and other notable persons. At N©. I, the first house on the right, as the avenue leaves Wash- ington Square, lives William Butler Duncan ; and on the other side, at 6 and 8, are the Lispenard Stewarts, and John Taylor Johnston, the famous art-connoisseur. Beyond Clinton Place is the aristocratic Brevoort House, a favorite with English tourists and me-luds ; and opposite is the Berkeley, where Theodore Thomas and many others dwell. Beyond 9th Street, at No. 23, lives Gen. Daniel E. Sickles. At loth Street is the brown-stone Church of the Ascension (Episco- pal), with the Grosvenor opposite. The First Presbyterian Church comes next, with the Minturn and Talbot mansions beyond. At 14th Street we see the busy precincts of Union Square, to the right, and traverse a region of brilliant shops. On the left-hand corner of 15th Street is the great and finely appointed brown-stone building of the Manhattan Club, the favorite resort of the patricians of the Demo- cratic party, called by their round-headed fellow-partisans "the swal- low-tails." It has 1,000 members ; and the entrance-fee is $100, with $70 yearly dues. Near by, at 109 East 15th Street, is the house of the famous Century Association, a literary, artistic, and aesthetic club, with 600 members, a large library, and a picture-gallery. In this same neighborhood, on West 15th Street, are the spacious buildings of the College of St. Francis Xavier, with nearly 500 stu- dents, in charge of the Jesuit Fathers, and a library of 20,000 volumes. On West i6th Street is the tall New- York Hospital, chartered by King George III. in 1771. At the farther right corner of i6th Street is the mansion of Levi P. Morton (No. 85), and Col. Robert G. Ingersoll lives at No. 89. At No. 103 is the home of Edwards Pierrepont, long time Minister to England. At No. 118 live the New- York Winthrops. At i8th Street How to Know New York, 105 is the rich and ornate Checkering Hall, devoted to musical entertain- ments ; and opposite, at No. 109, is August Belmont's estate, where also dwells the Hon. Perry Belmont, a well-known Congressman. On the opposite corner, at No. 107, is the mansion of Mrs. Marshall O. Roberts, one of the grand dames of New- York society. On the 21st- street corner is the great brown-stone building of the patrician Union Club, founded in 1836, and with over i,ooo members. The entrance- fee is i^300, and yearly dues $75. Clarence A. Seward, the gifted son of William H. Seward, lives at No. 143. At No. 147 (corner of East 2ist Street) is the Lotos Club's comfortable brown-stone building, with 500 members, where famous monthly art-receptions and ladies* days are held. Here dwells the veteran world-traveller. Col. Thomas ^ . Knox. Next door is the Glenham Hotel. In this vicinity stands the South Reformed Church (corner of West 21st Street), and the Cumberland is between East 22d and East 23d Streets. Now the avenue cuts obliquely across Broadway, with the brilliant vistas of Madison Square on the right, passing the enormous white-marble Fifth-ivenue Hotel, the home of Gen. W. T. Sherman, Ex-Senator Piatt, William J. Florence, and other notable persons. On the next block is the Hoffman House, famous for its interior decorations and magnificent bar-room. At 25th Street is the fashionable New-York Club, facing the Worth Monument. At the corner of West 26th Street is Delmonico's famous restaurant, with the Hotel Brunswick opposite. At West 27th Street is the immense and lofty Victoria Hotel, tow- ering high above the surrounding buildings. At Fifth Avenue and 28th Street (No. 247) was the home of the late Professor E. L. You- mans, editor of the " Popular Science Monthly," and author of many famous scientific books. No. 244 is the home of the famous Mrs. Paran Stevens, and at No. 9 West 29th Street lives Ex-Senator Roscoe Conkling, one of the great legal luminaries and orators of New York. On the next block is the great and costly Knickerbocker. The great double house, No. 259, is Mrs. Josephine May's, and belonged to her father, the late George Law, millionnaire and financier. At No. 261 (corner of East 29th Street) dwells Gen. George W. Cullom, io6 How to Know New York. beyond the Hamersley mansions. At West 29th Street appears the white granite temple of the Fifth-avenue Reformed Church ; and a little way to the right (on 29th Street) is the picturesque Church of the Transfiguration (Episcopal), generally and affectionately known as " The Little Church around the Corner," wherefrom many actors have been buried. The bit of green lawn, overarching trees, and mantling of ivy, make this a charming oasis in the surrounding desert of brick and stone. It is regarded with peculiar affection by many persons, who consider the average church as quite alien to their lives and tastes. The towering Gilsey House rises to the left, on West 30th Street. At No, 319 (corner of East 32d Street) stands the new house of the exclusive Knickerbocker Club, which includes many well-known dev- otees of coaching and polo. Its entrance-fee is $300, annual dues ^100. Between West 32d and West 33d Streets (Nos. 338 and 350) are the huge brick mansions of the hundred-millionnaire brothers, — John Jacob Astor and William Astor, — with a high-walled garden between. On the next corner, at No. 374, is the town-house of Mrs. J. Coleman Drayton, one of the Astor daughters. At the corner of West 34th Street is the great Italian palace of white marble, erected at a cost of ^2,000,000 by the late A. T. Stewart, a Belfast lad, who came to America in 1818, and began life in New York as an assistant teacher, then opened a small shop for trimmings, and in time became the most successful merchant in the world, so that when he died (in 1876), he left $40,000,000. Mrs. Stewart lived here until her death, in 1886. Alongside the Stewart place, the only other house on the block, is the great old Astor mansion, which, after a strangely checkered career, has just been leased by the New- York Club, to be dedicated to their joyous uses. Between West 35th Street and West 36th Streets live the Ker- nochans (No. 384), and Gen. Daniel Butterfield (No. 386); and at No. 389 (between East 36th and 37th Streets) is Pierre Lorillard's home. The fashionable Christ Church (Episcopal), famous for its fine music and beautiful frescos, is on the corner of West 35th Street; and the Brick Church (Presbyterian) rises at the corner of How to Know New York. 107 West 37th Street. At the old home of Gov. E. D. Morgan, No. 415 (between East 37th and 38th Streets), is the St. Nicholas Club, composed exclusively of gentlemen of the oldest Knickerbocker families, — the Remsens, De Peysters, Rhinelanders, Roosevelts, etc. At No. 425 (beyond East 38th Street) is the home of Austin Corbin, the railway king ; at No. 429 that of Henry Bergh, the friend of suf- fering animals ; at No. 459 (beyond East 39th Street) that of Freder- ick W. Vanderbilt. The lofty and quaint Union League Club-house is at the corner of Fifth Avenue and East 39th Street, with its conspicuous gables and huge roof. From West 40th to 42d Street extends the Distributing Reservoir of the Croton Water-Works, crowning the summit of Murray Hill, 115 feet above tide-water, covering 4 acres, and holding 23,000,000 gallons of water. It is a massive structure in Egyptian architecture, 44 feet high, and 420 feet square. Back of it is the pleasant Bryant Park, on which the famous Crystal Palace stood, thirty years or more ago. Opposite, on Fifth Avenue, are the tall art-furniture buildings of Pottier & Stymus, the massive American Safe-Deposit building, and a few quaint dwellings, the remnants of the old-time block of yellow Gothic houses (one of them still occupied by Mrs. Lucian B. Chase), in part of which was the famous Rutgers Female College. Next the avenue crosses 42d Street, vt'hich runs to the left to the Weehawken Ferry, and to the right to the Grand Cen- tral Depot, and the Grand Union Hotel, our comfortable headquarters in New York. On the left corner of Fifth Avenue and 42d Street is the lofty stone Hotel -Bristol, with Russell Sage's house next door (No. 406), and opposite is the Hamilton. At the corner of East 43d Street is the Temple Emanu-El, the great H[ebrew synagogue, perhaps the richest piece of Saracenic architecture in America, with its minaret-like tow- ers, delicate carvings. Oriental arches, and a dazzlingly brilliant inte- rior. In the next block is the Sherwood, the home of Jesse Seligman, the banker, the Rev. G. H. Hepworth, and other well-known persons. Opposite, at 524, is the headquarters of the Manhattan Athletic Club, with its luxurious roomS; and finely equipped gymnasium. At No. I08 How to Know New York. 532 is Manton Marble's house, and No. 549 is Thomas T. Eckert's home. The Universalist Church of the Divine Paternity, so long min- istered to by Dr. Chapin, stands at the corner of West 45th Street. A little way to the right, on East 45th Street, are the homes of the famous broker, Washington E. Conner (No. 14), and of the eloquent Chauncy M. Depew, president of the New-York Central Railroad (No. 22), and one of the best after-dinner speakers in America. At No. 2 East 46th Street is the mansion of Seligman, the well-known financier. Nearly opposite the Universalist Church is the narrow and richly carved fagade of the Episcopal Church of the Heavenly Rest, whose interior is rich in polished granite pillars, with quaintly carved capi- tals, frescos after Fra Angelico, and other beautiful adornments. The great Windsor Hotel extends from East 46th to East 47th Street, and is the home of Andrew Carnegie, and many other noted men. Opposite, at No. 562, dwells Joseph W. Harper, jun., of the famous publishing-house ; and at No. 574 are the rooms of the American Yacht Club, famous for its navy of costly steam-yachts. On the cor- ner beyond the Windsor, at No. 579, in a large brown-stone house, with lanterns in front, lives Jay Gould, the Napoleon of finance ; and at the other end of the block, with carved stone griffins in front, is the home of Robert Goelet. The Goelet estate is above $20,000,000. At No. 50 West 47th Street lives Joseph H. Choate, lawyer and orator, and one of the greatest after-dinner speakers of this age. At West 48th Street is the ornate and high-spired Collegiate Dutch Church, with its flying buttresses, carved portals, and general richness of de- tail ; and the second house beyond (No. 608) pertains to Ogden Goelet. At the corner of East 48th Street (No. 597) is the home of Roswell P. Flower, eminent in latter-day politics. The next block, from East 49th to 50th Street, is taken up largely by the great Buckingham Hotel, a quiet and expensive family hotel; and at No. 615 lives Ed- ward S. Jaffray, the dry-goods merchant. Opposite, at No. 624, is the house of the late John Roach, the great ship-builder. At the corner of 50th Street rises the vast Cathedral of St. Patrick, described in the chapter on Churches. At No. 634, opposite the Cathedral, is the home of D. O. Mills, How to Knozv New York. 109 ex-senator from California, and father-in-law of Whitelaw Reid, of the " Tribune." Back of the Cathedral is the Florentine palace built by Henry Villard, alongside of Columbia College. Beyond the Ca- thedral, on Fifth Avenue, is the Roman-Catholic Orphan Asylum for Boys, on high ground, with the Asylum for Orphan Girls behind it. Between West 51st and 52d Streets are the magnificent brown-stone palaces of the Vanderbilt family, enriched by broad bands of carved foliage, and superbly furnished and decorated inside. No. 640 is the home of Mrs. William H. Vanderbilt, and No. 642 is the home of her daughter, Mrs. William D. Sloane. Across West 52d Street rises the handsome white-stone French chdteau of William K. Vanderbilt, rich in carvings and oriel-windows- The author of "Recent Architecture in America" calls this "the most beautiful house in New York." Ne.xt comes the beautiful and fashionable Episcopal Church of St. Thomas, famous for society weddings. It is a brown-stone Gothic structure, with a melodious chime of bells, and famous altar-paintings by LaFarge. Among its clergy have been Bishops Upfold and White- house, and the Rev. Dr. F. L. Hawks. Just beyond, on the same square, are the picturesque connected mansions of Dr. W. S. Webb and Hamilton McK. Twombly, who married daughters of William H. Vanderbilt. Between East 52d and 53d Streets is the Langham. Between West 54th and 55th Streets are the spacious buildings and grcTunds of St. Luke's Hospital (open to visitors from 10 to 12, Tues- days, Thursdays, and Saturdays), where Episcopal Sisters of the Holy Communion attend the sick, without regard to their sect or nation. In this vicinity dwell several of the Standard-Oil Company mag- nates, — Henry M. Flagler at No. 685, William Rockefeller at No. 6S9, etc. At West 55th Street is the great Presbyterian Church under Dr. John Hall's ministration, the largest church of that sect in the world, with a spire that is a landmark for a great distance. No. 724, just beyond West 56th Street, is the home of R. Fulton Cutting, — a very handsome piece of domestic architecture. At the lower corner of BERNARD REILLY, IMPORTER OF Brandies, Wines, Etc., SOLE IMPORTER OF GOLD MEDAL GIN, No. 150 Front St., NEW YORK. P. O. BOX 95. All the Fine Brands of Kentucky Bourbon, Rye, and Wheat Whiskies in Store and in Bond. BOGERT & HKYDON, MANUFACTURERS OF FINE CIGARS, 20-4 KranUlin Street, NEW YORK. "B. & H.," "SHAKESPEARE," "SO, SO," and others of their brands for sale at the Cigar Stands of Grand Union Hotel. How to Know New York. Ill West 57th Street is the handsome house built and some time occu- pied by the famous Mrs. Frederick W. Stevens, the immensely wealthy heiress of Josiah Sampson, who deserted her husband after twenty years of married life, and in 1886 married the Marquis de Talleyrand-Perigord, in Paris. The house now belongs to Secretary- of-the-Navy Whitney. On the other corner of West 57th Street is the superb mansion of Cornelius Vanderbilt. A little way beyond is the beginning of Central Park, which forms one side of the avenue for over two miles and a half. The other side is being built up with noble mansions, and will at some future time be the most beautiful place of homes in America. At No. 810, corner of East 62d Street, is the town-house of William Belden, a many- millionnaire, who defeated Jay Gould in the famous Black-Friday finan- cial battle. Opposite East 64th Street is the old Arsenal and Menagerie. Between East 66th and 67th Streets is the group of houses in which dwell the Soto family (No. 854), and Mrs. de Barrios (No. 855), the widow of the famous Central-American statesman, killed in battle a few years ago. No. 3 East 66th Street was the home of the late Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, and his family still dwell there. At No. 871 is the mansion of Mrs. Robert L. Stuart. The splendid Lenox Library extends from East 70th Street to 71st Street. A little way to the right looms up the lofty, quaint, and picturesque gray house of Charles L. Tiffany, designed by McKim, Mead, and White, with its mediaeval portcullis, red-marble Moorish stairway, teak-wood doors, blue-and-pearl dining-room, etc. Here also dwells the famous railway king, Henry Villard. The upper floor, under the great, dusky tiled roof, is a vast studio. This house is described in the " Century Magazine " for February, 1886. DON'T SKIP THIS PAGE IN READING HOW TO KNOW NEW YORK, BUT IvKARN THAT SeouMnc (Bine >y rapper with Red Band.) IS UNDENIABLY THE BEST SCOURING SOAP IN THE WORLD For Paints, Floor Cloths, Wood and Marble Floors, Bath Tubs, etc. Polishes Tin, Brass, and Copper Wire of all kinds. In general House Cleaning, Dish Washing, etc., it will not injure the hands. Is safer and more economical than any other Soap. Used and recommended by THIS and OTHER LEADING HOTELS. FOR SALE BY GROCERS EVERYWHERE. ^uy it and try it, as it costs but 5c per Cake. ALSO MANUFACTURE PURE LAUNDRY, SHIP, AND OTHER SOAPS. Refer by permission to this Hotel. Write for prices. TTHK SIIVIONDS SOAP CO., 38th Street and N. R., New York City. How to Kiioiv New York. iij NEW YORK IN SUMMER. EXCURSIONS AND ISLAND RESORTS. Hot nights in New York are rare. At du.sk, on the warmest days of summer, a sea-breeze springs up, which maAes the nights cool and delightful. No other city offers such an endlesy variety ot excursions on river, harbor, bay, and ocean. Completely sunosRdeti by water, at the mouth of the magnificent Hudson, and hard by th& broad Atlantic, New York offers countless attractions to those in search of rest, recreation, and health. Every day, for weeks, some new excursion on the water may be taken, leaving the city in the morning, and returning in the cool of the evening. The city hotels are not full in summer; and travellers can be made more comfort- able than in crowded seaside resorts, and at much less cost. Space will permit us to mention only a few of the excursions. The Hudson River. — First and foremost among the pleasure excur- sions is a trip on the Hudson. The swift and splendid steamers of the Hudson-river Day Line leave the foot of West 22d Street every morning except Sunday during the season at 9 o'clock, arriving at Albany at 6.10 P.M. The best way to reach the pier from the Grand Union Hotel, is to take the Fourth-avenue cars, which pass the door, to 23d Street, and the 23d-street cars across to the North River. On leaving the pier, a fine view of New-York City and harbor is obtained ; v/hile on the opposite shore are Jersey City and Hoboken, and Wee- hawken, where Alexander Hamilton was killed in a duel with Aaron Burr. On the east bank may soon be seen the tomb of Gen. Grant. At Fort Washington and Fort Lee (ten miles up) begins the historic part of the river, for a description of which we muse refer the reader to some more assuming work. " The Hudson by Daylight," an excellent descriptive guide of the river, for sale on th. boats, is recommended. The " Panoramic View of the Hudson " is also worth purchasing. 114 How to Know New York. The Palisades on the west bank begin here, and extend up the river for fifteen or twenty miles. They are bare, precipitous walls of rock, which rise abruptly from the river to a height of 250 to 600 feet. Passing Yonkers on the right, we see " Greystone," the residence of the late Samuel J. Tilden. From here to and beyond Tarrytown, the east bank is lined with palatial residences. At Irvington, on the right, we catch a glimpse of Sunnyside, where Washington Irving lived. On the west bank, a few miles above, is Tappan^ where Andre was executed. On the east bank is Lyndekurst^ the summer home of Jay Gould ; and Tarrytown^ where Major Andre was captured. A mile above Tarrytown is the Old Dutch Church, where Washington Irving is buried. At Sing Sitigy on the east bank, thirty-two miles from New York, the State Prison is located. Soon the river broadens into a bay five miles wide, at the northern end of which, on the west bank, is Stony Pointy sometimes known as " Mad Anthony's Charge." Hce Gen. Anthony Wayne, in the dead of night, with a handful of men, surprised and recaptured the British fort on Stony Point. Readers of Thackeray's " Virginians " will remember his thrilling account of this battle. The river here is only half a mile wide. On the east bank is Verplanck'' s Pointy the site of Fort Lafayette, where Baron Steuben drilled soldiers for the Revolutionary army. At this point the river appears to end. On the west bank rises the Dunderberg mountain, made famous by Irving ; and on the east Anthoftfs Nose^ over 1,200 feet high; and between the two, and apparently completely shutting in the river, lies lona Island^ a popular excursion resort. Rounding this island, we come into full view of the historic Highlands of the Hudson. On the west bank lies West Point, where visitors may land, and visit the Military Academy, fort, and historic spots. Three delightful hours may be spent here, when the down-boat from Albany may be taken, reaching New York at 6 p.m. If visitors prefer, they may keep on up the river, passing on the east bank Garrison^s and Storm King, the highest peak of the Highlands, to Newburg, where they may visit Washington's headquarters, and stand upon the spot where he read his farewell address to the American army. One hour and a half may be spent here, before the arrival of the down-boat. How to Know New York. 115 There are excellent restaurants on the steamers, on the European plan. Strangers visiting New York should not miss this trip, which is a most beautiful and interesting one. Coney Island, five miles in length, is about ten miles from the New York City Hall, and is bounded on the south by the Atlantic Ocean. It is divided into four parts, known as Norton's Point (which is little frequented), West Brig/iton, Brighton, and Manhattan Beach. There are various rail and steamboat routes to the island (see daily papers) ; but perhaps the pleasantest way of getting there, is to take one of the Iron Steamboat Company's vessels from the foot of West 23d Street, or Pier i, North River. They leave hourly during the season, and land at the Iron Pier, West Brighton. Excursion tickets, 50 cents. An- other good route is to take steamer from foot of Whitehall Street (South-ferry Station, Third-avenue line) to Bay Ridge, and, from there, train to West Brighton or Manhattan Beach. Excursion tickets 50 cents. Norton's Pointy or West End, is the secluded portion of Coney Island, and a visit is not recommended. West Brighton is the democratic part of the island. It is made up of a motley collection of hotels, large and small, concert stands, beer- gardens, variety-shows, skating-rinks, wooden toboggan-slides, shooting- galleries, bathing-houses, merry-go-rounds, inclined-railways, museums, aquariums, brass-bands, pop-corn and hot sausage venders ; in fact, it is like a great country-fair in full blast, crowded with every-day peo- ple, out for a good time. Here is an iron observatory 300 feet high, with elevators running to the top ; a camera-obscura; two iron piers upwards of a thousand feet long, with bathing-houses beneath ; and a building in the shape of a colossal elephant, with restaurants, dancing rooms, and various exhibitions inside, and an observatory on top. The pell-mell excitement of the place is kept up all day and until almost midnight throughout the week, with no cessation on Sunday. Half a mile east along the beach is Brighton. Stages run this dis- tance (fare 5 cents), and there is also an elevated road. Brighton Beach. — Here there is an enormous hotel, capable of din- ing 20,000 people in a day. The grounds are handsomely laid out and ii6 How to Know New York. ornamented with flowers, and the bathing facilities are excellent. In a pavilion a large orchestra gives concerts afternoon and evening. East of Brighton Beach, for 2^ miles, extend the grounds of Manhattan Beach. — (Reached by a small railway, fare 5 cents.) This is the best part of the island, and is patronized by the better classes. The hotel is nearly 700 feet long, and is one of the largest structures of its kind in the world. 4,000 people can dine at a time, and 30,000 during the day. The grounds are beautifully laid out, and there are concerts afternoon and evening in a pavilion in front of the hotel. There are 2,700 rooms in the bathing establishment, and an amphitheatre for spectators to watch the bathers, in which a band plays afternoon and evening. Bathing is perfectly safe. East of the Manhattan Hotel comes the Oriental Hotel, a large and costly house for permanent guests. Manhattan Beach can be reached by rail direct from Long-Island City (East 34th-street Ferry), or by boat, from South Ferry to Bay Ridge, and thence by train. Several times a week, during the summer, wonderful displays of fire- works take place at the Brighton and Manhattan hotels, those of the latter place being unequalled elsewhere in the country. The Coney- Island Jockey-Club has a club-house at Manhattan Beach, and a fine race-track at Sheepshead Bay (just back of the beach), where race- meetings are held in June and September. Rockaway Beach, on the Long-Island shore, is twenty miles from New York. It may be reached by rail (ferry from foot East 34th Street to Southern Railroad, Long Island) ; but the better way is to go by one of the immense excursion steamers, which run every few hours during the season. For time and place of sailing, see daily papers. This trip is strongly recommended. The sail is a fine one, affording splendid views of the harbor, shipping, and fortifications, and a sail on the Atlantic. The beach has most of the characteris- tics of Coney Island, but the surf is finer. The principal hotel has a frontage on the ocean of nearly a quarter of a mile, and contains 1,200 rooms. The large dining-room will seat 6,000 persons at once. The sail occupies an hour and a half each way. Excursion tickets, 50 cents. On Sunday the boats are often uncomfortably crowded. How to Know New York. 117 Long Branch is on the New- Jersey coast, about thirty miles from New York. It is so well known that no description is necessary here. Steamers run, during the season, from Pier 8, North River, to Sandy Hook, and thence by rail to the Branch. This is the best route. It is also reached by the New-Jersey Southern and Pennsylvania Rail- roads. During the season, there are excursion steamers, which go all the way by water, landing passengers at the Long-Branch Iron Pier. (See daily papers.) The latter route is not recommended, as rough weather often prevents a landing. Long Beach is on the Long-Island coast, east of Rockaway. There is but one hotel there, — an immense one, — and a number of cottages. The bathing facilities are perfect, and the surf usually runs high. A fine orchestra plays in front of the hotel morning and evening. A visit is strongly recommended to those who desire to spend a quiet and restful day by the sea, away from the *' madding crowd." It is reached via Long-Island Railroad, ferry foot East 34th Street. Excursion tickets, 50 cents. Glen Island, in Long-Island Sound, near New Rochelle, is a beauti- ful and picturesque summer resort for excursionists, with facilities for boating, bathing, sailing, fish-dinners, etc. The sail up the East River, past the various public institutions, and the Navy Yard, through Hell Gate, and out into the Sound, is an interesting one. Boats leave several times a day. See daily papers. Excursion tickets, 40 cents. Stafen /stand, thirteen miles long, is in New-York Harbor. Boats run from South Ferry every half-hour. It is a hilly and picturesque island, dotted with fine houses and villas. On the eastern shore is Fort Wadsworth and Battery Hudson. On the north shore is the Sailors' Snug Harbor, an asylum for aged and infirm sailors, capable of ac-j commodating over 1,000 persons. Of late the island has become a great centre for the amusement-loving public. A company has been organized, which, during the warm season, gives open-air entertain- ments on a colossal scale, which are attended daily and nightly by thousands. The fare is ten cents. PARRon Varnish Co. BRIDGEPORT, CONN (I ESTABLISHED 1846 MANUFACTURERS OF FINE Carriage^ Wagon^ and Railway VARNISHES. INDEX. Academy of Music, 81. Africa, 11. Albany, 22. AUlrich Court, 96. Allibone, S. A., 69. All Souls' Church. 78. Am. Artists' .Society, 45. Am. Chemical Society, 80. Am. Ethnological Soc, 8>J. Am. Exchange, 59. Am. Geographical Soc, 91. Am. Institute, 67. Am. Jockey Club, 88. Am. Metrolopical Soc, 91. Am. Museum Is'atural His- tory, 69. Am. Numismatical Soc. 91. Am. Pnilological Soc, 91. Am. Safe-Deposit Co.. 107. Am. Yacht-Club, 89, 108. Anchor Line, 17, 18. Anthon Memorial Church, 76. Anthony's Nose, 114. Apartment-Housks, 92. Apprentices' Library, 67. Abmokies, 48. Arsenal, 31, 33. Artillery, 31. Art-Galleries, 44. Art, Museum of, 35, 43. Art-Schools, 48. Art-Stores, 47. Asbury Church, 77. Assay Offlee, 27. Ascension Church, 104. Assembly, 12. Astor Frmily, 67, 74, 91, 106. Astor Li )rary, 67. Athletic ;, 86, 87. Atlas Li le, 19. Authors Club, 87. r.all-Gn unds. 33. 86. Baptist Ilhiirches, 77. Bar Ass jciation, 69. IJarge-Cmce, 36,51. Barrios. Mrs. de. 111. Barthn) li Statue, 61,87 Base-Ball, 86. Battery, The, 36 Bedloe's Island. 51, 93. Beethoven Statue, 52. Belden. William, HI. Belmont, August, 105. Belvedere, 35. Bcllevue Hospital College, 63. Belt Line, 24. Bergh, Henry, 107. Bermuda Line. 19. Bethesda Fountain, 35. Bicycle Clubs, 89. Bijou Opera-House, 81. Blackwell's Island, 94. Blind-Asylum, 97. Bloomingdale Asylum, 97. Boards of Trade, .56. Bolivar Statue, 52. Books, Old, 67. Boulevard Line, 54. Boreel Building, 96. Bowling Green, 37, 56. Brazil Line, 19. Brewers' Exchange. 59. Brick Church, 76, 106. Bridge, Brooklyn. 29. Bridgeport Line, 22. Brighton Beach, 115. British Prison, 31. Broadway Line, 23. Brooklyn Bridt,'e,29. Bruce Libniry, 67 Bryant Park ,"41, 107. Buckingham Hotel, 108. Building Exchange, 57. Building- Material Ex- change, 59. Buildings, 12. Burns Statue, 52. Butterfield, Gen. Daniel, 106. Cabs, 24. Caledonian Club. 86, 88. Calumet Club, 88. Calvary Cli urc 11,75,77. Canadian Club, 83. Cancer Hospital. 99. Carnegie, Andrew, 108. Carriages, 24. Carrousel. .33. Casino, 81. Castle Clinton. 27. Castle Garden, 27, 36. Castle William. 94. Catherine Market, 60. Catholic Apostolic Church, 79. Central Market, 60. Central-Park, 33, 111. Central - Park Apartment Houses, 92. Central Railroad of New Jersey, 13. Centre Market, 60. Century Association, 88. 104. Charleston Line, 20. Chatham Square, 39. ChickeringHall,85, 105. China, 10. Choate, Joseph II., 108. Christ Church, 106. Christian Brothers, 64. Christian Israelites, 76. Churches, 71. Citizens' Bicycle Club, 89. City Hall. 29. City-HallPark,40. City Library, 69. City of Rome, 17. City Ordinance, 2.5. Clinton Market, 60. Cubs, Societies, etc., 87. Coaches, 24. Coal and Iron Exchange, 57. Coffee Exchange, 57. Collect, 32. College of City of N.Y., 62. Colleges and Schools, 61. Collegiate Church, 78, 108. Collyer. Robert, 78. Columbia College, 61. Columl)us, 52. (/ommerco, 52. Commercial Buildings, 95. Concert-Saloons, 86. Coney Island, 115. Coney-Island Jockey Club, 83, 116. Congregational Churches, 78. Congressional Districts, 12. Conkling. Koscoe. 106. Conner, W. E.. 108. Consolidated I'etroleum Exchange, 57. Cooper, Peter, 66. Cooper Union. 65. Corbin, Austin, 107. Cotton Exchange, 39, 57. County Court House, 29. Court House, 29. Covenant, Church of, 77 Cromwell Line, 20. Cross-town Lines, 24 1 19 I20 Index. Crystal Palace, 107. Cuba Line, 19. CuUom, G. W..10r). Cunard Line, 17, 18. Custom House, 29. Cutting, R. F., 109. Dairv, 33. Diikota Flats, 92. Daly's Theatre, 8L David's Island, 93. Dead-Uabbit War, 49. Deaf and Dumb Asylum, 97. Decorative-Art Society, 45. DeKay, Charles. 104. Delaware «fc Lackawanna Railroad, 13. Delmonico'a, 105. Depots, 13. Depew, Chauncy M., 108. Dispensaries, 97. Distances, 12. Distillers' Exchange, 59. Distributing Reservoir, 107. Districts, 12. Divine Paternity Church, 78, 108. Dockstader's Theatre, 82. Dodge, William E., 52. Down-Town Club, 88. Drayton, Mrs. J. C., 106. Drexel Building, 96. Duncan, W. B., 104. Dunderberg, 114. East-River Bridge, 29. Eckert, T. T.. 103. Eden Mus6e, 85. Eighth Rest. Armory, 48. Electric Manufacturing Ex- change, 59. Elevated Railroad, 23. Eleventh Regt. Armory, 49. Ellis Island, 93. Emanu-El Temple, 79, 107. Emmett Monument, 65. Epiphany Church, 74. Episcopal Churches, 70. Equitable Building, 95. Erie Railroad, 13. Essex Market, 60. Evacuation Day, 36. Exchanges and Boards OF Tbade, 56. Fall-River Line, 22. Fares, Carriage, 25. Fares, Railroad, 23, 24. Farragut Statue, 52. Federal Hall. 31. Fencing-Club, 82. Feuardent, G. L., 104. Fifth Avenue, 103. Fifth-Avenue Church, 77. Fifth-Avenue Hotel, 105. Fifth-Avenue Stages, 24. Fifth-.\ venue Theatre, 82. Fire-Department, 12. First Baptist Church, 77. First Presbyterian Church, 73, 104. Fish-Market, 60. Five Points, 10. Flats 92. Flagler, H.M., 109. Florence, W. J., 105. Florida »Line, 20. Flower, R. P., 108. Foreign Element, 12. Fort Columbu."*, 94. Fort Gibson, 93. Fort Lee, 113. Fort Wadsworth, 117. Fort Washington, 113. Fort Wool, 93. Fourteenth-St. Theatre, 82. Franklin Square, 40. Franklin Statue, 53. Free Library, 65. French Line, 18. Friends, 76. Friends' Seminary, 64. Fruit Exchange, 59. Fulton Market, 60. Fulton Monument, 55. Furniture Exchange, 59. Gallatin Monument, 55. Galveston Line, 20. Genealogical Society, 85. General Theological Sem- inary, 62. German Regiment, 49. Germany, 10. Gilsey House, 106. Glen Island, 117. Goelet Estate, 108. Gould, Jay, 108, 114. Governor's Island, 94. Gramercy Park,41. Grand Central Depot, 10, 15, 22, 23. Grand Opcra-House. 82. Grand Union Hotel, 8, 10, 22, 23, 107, 1 13. Grant, Gen. U. S., 111. Grant'sTomb, 24, 36. Greystone, 114. Grocers' Excliange, 57. Grolier Club, 87. Guion Lme, 18. Hall, Dr. John, 77, 109. llalleck, Fitz-Greene, 53. Halls, 85 Hamburg Line, 18. Hamilton, Alexander, 53, 65, 113. Hanover Square, 39, 57. Hansoms, 24. Hardware Board of Trade, 59. Hiirlem Meer, 35. Harlem Railroad, 13. Harraonie Club, 88. Harper, J. W., 108. Harrigan's Theatre, 82. Harry Miner's Theatre, 82. Hart's Island, 93. Havana Line, 19. Heavenly Rest Church, 73, 108. Hebrews, 11, 79. Hell Gate, 93. Hepworth, Rev. G. H., 107. High Bridge, 30. lliU's, Harry, 86. Historical Society, 45, 69. Hoboken, 13, 18. Hoffman House, 47. 105. Holy Spirit Church, V.. Holv Trinity Church, 73. Homes, 101. Horse-Cars, 23. Horse Exchange, 57. Horticultural Society, 85. Hospitals, 97. Hotel Clerk, 7. Hudson River, 22, 113. Hudson-River Railroad, 13. Humboldt Statue, 53. Immigrants, 9, 27. Indian Hunter, 53. Ingersoll, Robert G., 104. Inman Line, 18. Insane-Asylum, 97. lona Island, 114. Irish Regiment, 49. Irving, Washington, 114. Islands, 93. Italy, 10. Jaffray, E, S., 108. Jamaica Line, 19. Jeannette Park, 39. Jefferson Market, 60. Jefferson-Market Court, 30. Jersey City, 13, 15. John, 11. Johnston, J. T., 104. John-Street Church, 77- Judsea, 11. Kalk Hook, 32. Key West Line, 20. Kiralfy, 104. Kit-Kat Club, 88. Knickerbocker Club, 88, 106. Knox, Col. T.W., 105. Index. 121 Lafayette Statue, 53. Lake, 35. Lambs, 88. Law, GeorRC, 105. Law-Institute Library, 69. , Lenox, James, 66, 99. Lenox Library, 44, 66, 111. Lexington-Avenue Church, 77. Liberty Statue, 51. Libraries, 67. Lincohi Statue, 53. Little Church, 106. London Street, 85. London Theatre, 82. Long Beach, 117. Long Branch, 117. Long-Island Railroad, 13. Lorillard, Pierre, 106. Lotos Club, 88, 105. L Roads. 23. Ludlow Street, 30. Lutherans, 79. Lyceum Theatre, 82. Lyndehurst, 114. Madison- Avenue Church, 77. Madison-Avenue Line, 23. Madison Square, 40, 105. Madison-Square Church,76. Madison-Square Garden, 82. Madison -Square Theatre, 82. Mall, 35. Mallorv Line, 20. Manhattan Athletic Club, 86, 87, 107. Manhattan Bank, 96. Manhattan Beach, 116. Manhattan Club, 89, 104. Manhattan College. 64. Manhattan Stock Ex- change, 59. Manufacturing, 9. Marble, Manton, 108. Marine Barracks, 31. Maritime Exchange, .57. Markets, 60. Market-Wagon Stand, 60. Martyrs' Memorial, 55. Masonic Library, 69. Masonic Temple, 91. Mazzini Statue, 53. Mechanics' Exchange, 59. Menagerie, 33. Mercantile Exchange, 57. Mercantile Library, 68. Merchants' Club, 88. Messiah Church, 78. Metal Exchange, 59. Methodist Churches, 77. Mctnip.ditan Museum of Art, 3.3, 43. Metro jiolitan Opera-IIouse, 83. Metropolitan Tark, 86. M'Oowan's Pass, 3.5. Microscopical Society, 91. Military Museum, 94. Militia, 48. Milk Exchange, 59. Mills Building. 96. Mills, D.O., 108. Montgomerj', 56, 74. Moravians, 79. Moreau, Gen., 39. .Morg&n, E. !>., 107. Morningside Park, 41. Morris