GAZETTEER AND RTinmn ilU OF CAYUGA COUNTY, N. Y, FOE IQO'Z-O. COMPILED AND PUBLISHED BY HAMILTON CHILD. Hang Up this Book for Future Reference. S YH A.OUSE, PRINTED AT THE JOURNAL OFFICE, 23 & ai E. WASHINGTON STREET. 1 ^es. thioportiom"^^ 13 SPRING TLMPEr'^^t -r ANDF'RDDUCEOBYAIR '"^Xv* \, REYNOLDS.BARBtR &Co. SdeManufactartrshMWm N.Y. MANUFACTlIirED EXCLiUSIVEIiY BY US, 17NDER RE\'NO£,l>S' PATENTS for Tempering Steel without the aid of auy liquids, received the only award at the Great National Implement Trial, held at Auburn, iu ISGG. They possess the fol- lowins: superior qualities : 1. 'fhey are made with a fine Cutlery Temper at the edges. 2. They hold only a Spring Temper at the center and at the heel. 3. They are warranted perfectly uniform, every knife l^eing exactly alike iu temper. 4. We warrant they can be ground from 8 to 10 times without losing their cutting edge. 5. Finally, wo will warratit them to cut from 40 to 50 acrea of grain or grass without being once ground. We are the sole Manufacturers of these »Knives in the United States. Each Knife hereafter will bear our . >',•,- \ CLOVEH LEAF TRADE MARE. We are now making PLANE IRONS under this new prcrccss of tempering;— every iron bears our Clover-Leaf Trade-Mark, and we hereby authorize all Hardware Dealers to allow their customerg-to try our " Plane Irons," and if not satisfactory, refund price paid, and charge Irons back to us. Reynolds, Barber & Co., Steel Tempering Works, Auburn, N. Y. NOTICE € G. BRIGGS & CO^S ADVERTISEMENT, PAGE 150. INTRODUCTION. iivTi2.ox>xjCTrioN In presenting the initial number of the " Gazetteer and Directory of Cayuga County " to the public, the publisher desires to return his sincere thanks to all who have so kindly assisted in obtaining the valuable information which it contains, and w^ithout whose aid it would have been impossible to have collected, in the brief space of time in which it is essential that all such works should be com- pleted. Especially are our thanks due to the several editors of the Auburn Daily Advertiser and Union., Port Byron Times, Weeds- 2}ort Sentinel., Union Springs Advertiser., and Cayuga County Courier, for the uniform kindness which has been evinced in calling public attention to the author's efforts ; and to them and many other gentlemen of Cayuga County, for essential aid in furnishing material for the work. We have also drawn largely from "French's Ga- zetteer of the State of New York." When it is known that time, equal to nearly three years' labor, if done by one man, has been devoted to the canvass, and the great difficulty many times experienced by the agents in collecting the neces-s -y information, it is believed our patrons will willingly ex- cuse any seemingly short-comings in the completeness of the work. The advertisers represent many of the leading business men and firms of the County, and we most cheerfully commend them INTRODUCTION. all to the patronage of those under whose observation these pages may come. So complete a canvass of this County for a Business Directory, and the additions of farmers' names, together with the number of acres owned or leased by each, and their post office addresses, has never been attempted by any other publisher. That errors may have occurred in so great a number of names and dates as are here given, is probable, and that names have been omitted that should have been inserted is quite certain. We can only say that we have exercised more than ordinary diligence and care in this difficult and complicated feature of book-making. To such as feel aggrieved inconsequence of error or omission, we beg pardon, and ask the indulgence of the reader in marking such as had been observed in the subsequent reading of the proofs, and which are noted in the Errata, following the Introduction. The Map of the County was engraved with great care by Messrs. " Weed, Parsons & Co.," of Albany, and, it is believed, will prove a valuable acquisition to the work. With thanks to friends generally, we leave our Avork to secure tlie favor which earnest endeavor ever wins from a discriminating business public. HAMILTON CHILD. ERE ATA. ERRATA.. ADDITIONS AND COKRECTIONS. County.— On page 25, first paragraph. The Southern Central Rail Road is located to run south from Auburn, along the west bank of Owaeco Lake, through Fleming, Scipio and Venice, to the head of the Lake ; thence, following the valley of the Owasco Inlet, through Moravia and Locke, across the north-east corner of Tompkins Courty, and south-west corner of Cortland County, through Tioga, terminating at Owego. Running north from Auburn to Sodus Bay, the road will folTow the old route. On page 26, second paragraph, The North Cayuga Times has been changed to The Port Byron Tiines, since our canvass. On same page : The Cayuga County Courier was first published by A. O. Hicks, in the month of October, 1863, who continued editor and proprietor until the time of his death, about one year after the oflice was established. It then came under the supervision of Mr. A. J. Hicks, brother of the former proprietor, who, about one year after taking possession, associated with him a young; man by the name of W. W. Nichols, who, a few months afterwards, purchased Mr. Hicks' interest, and continued editor and pro- prietor until March, 1867, when he sold out to Messrs. A. J. Hicks and A. H. Living- ston, who published the paper under the firm name of Hicks & Livingston, until De- cember, 1867, when Mr. Hicks again retired from the firm, and the paper has since been conducted by Mr. A. H. Livingston. The military history and statistics of Cayuga County have been so imperfectly recorded and preserved that it would be only with great difficulty that anything like accuracy or completeness could be arrived at in the naration. The incidents of the late war are yet fresh in the minds of the people. Cayuga, like her sister Counties, bore her full share in the great sacrifice which that contest involved. Men and means were given in un- stinted measure at each repeated call, and many were they whose lives sealed their de- votion to their country and her sacred cause. While memorial shafts rise above the ashes of those, the patriot dead, they shall have a more fitting and eternal remembrance in the grateful hearts of their countrymen. And may He who rules among the nations of the earth grant that the peace whicii they died to conquer may be eyer unbroken, shedding it« j oyful fruits to the latest generation and the remotest age of time. Ira.— On page 55, first paragraph, '■^Bethel Corners, in the north-west corner, is a post office," should have been added. Venice—On page 75, near the foot of the page, " Owasco Valley, in the north-east corner, is a post office," should have been added. "Victory.— On page 76, center of page, •' North Victoi'y is a post office in the north part of the town, near the line of Sterling," should have been added. Anbnrn.— On page 253, "COOK, HORACE T.," should be located at 90 Genesee. On same page, "*DENNIS BROS," are also job printers, lithographers and engravers on stone and wood. On page 245, for "Allen, Gordon W.," read " ALLEN, GORTON W." On page 279, "WOODRUFF, ALLEN & CO.," should have been starred as advertisers. 10 ERRATA. Bhoiild have been starred as an advertiser On same page, -'YATES, H. ASHTON," e and located at 80 instead of 78 Genesee street. On page 249, " BROWN, D. F." should have been starred as an advertiser. On page 255, " Fiero & Hitchcock," have removed to 101 Genesee, since our canvass. On page 266, "Knapp, Geo. P., house furnishing goods, 5 State," should have been added. On page 273. " Roraback & Gardner," have disposed of their business to Geo. P. Knapp, since our canvass. The following company has been organized since our canvass : "*STEVENSON MANUFACTURING CO., Wm. C. Barber, president ; Jas. D. But- ton, vice president; Erastus G. Knight, treasurer; Wm. P. Robinson, secretary; manu- facturers of Stevenson's Harvester Cutter Sharpener, office 49 State." Aurora.— On page 179, "Mosher, Allen," is also notary public. €ato.— On page 145, "APPLEGATE, CHAS., (Conquest,) farmer," was omitted. On same page, " BESSY, ALLEN" should read "PLESSY, ALLEN." On same page, " BURNS, HORACE," should have been capitalized as a subscriber. On same page, " DOANE, GERARD," should read "DOAN, GERARD." On same page, " DUTTON, ELIAS Q.," should have been capitalized as a sub- scriber. On page 147, " Pinkney, Abram J." should read " PINCKNEY, ABRAM I." On same page, " THAYER, AJVIOS L., (Ira,)" should have been capitalized as a sub- scriber. The following names should have been capitalized as subscribers :— "HULL, ELISHA," " JORALEMAN, JOHN I.," and "KNAPP, JOHN T." The following names were omitted : — AVERY, S. B., (P. O. address Jordan, i SLEIGHT, DANIEL, (P. O. address Jor- Ouondaga Co.,) farmer. dan. Onondaga Co.,) farmer. ELSTON, A. H., (P, O. address Jordan, STRICKLAND, ANAH, (P. O. address Jor- Onondaga Co.,) farmer. dan, Onondaga Co.,) farmer. LOCKWOOD, FRANKLIN, (P. O. address STRICKLAND. LEANDER, (P. O. addreps Jordan, Onondaga Co.,) farmer. I Jordan, Onondaga Co.,) fisherman. Cayuga.— On page 123,for "BALDWIN, JAMES A.," read "BALDWIN, JAMES H." Conquest.— The following names in the Conquest list should have been capitalized as subscribers: ALLEN, WM., carpenter and joiner. BUSH, GEO. W., farmer 52X- EMERSON, RICHARD, farmer 155. HENRY, ROBERT T., fiirmer 51. HUTCHINS, BUEL, farmer 62. MARVIN, DILIVAN, farmer 73. PICKARD, CONRAD, farmer 4. REMINGTON, WM. M., farmer 70. names were omitt£>d REYNOLDS, GEO. W., allop. physician. WEATHERWAX, JOHN P., {Hood, Weath- errcax <& Co.,) postmaster. WILSON, WM. J., farmers. WOOD, BARNABAS, carpenter and joiner and farmer 25. YOUNG, HENRY, farmer 43. SCOTT, L., farmer. SLAYTON, FRANCIS H., farmer. STRUBLE, DANIEL L., farmer. The following CROUNSE, HUGH, farmer. HART WELL, CHAS., farmer. LYON, JAMES, farmer. PINCKNEY, LUMON, blacksmith. On page 155, "LOCK, DAVID," should read " LOCKE, DAVID." Dresservllle.— On page 217, " SPRINGER, DWIGHT C." should read " SPRING- ER, DWIGHT D." Fleming.— On page 157, for"HASKINS,EDWINP." read "HOSKINS.EDWINP." On same page, " Pressy, Wm." has 110 acres instead of 100 as printed. Fosterville.— On page 127, "Baxter, JohnB." has 48 acres instead of 148as printed. On same page, "Walker, Hugh," has 1)4 acres, instead of 7^^, as printed. Ira.— On page 178, " Phelps, Samuel," is also notary public. Meridian.— On page 149, "BLAKE, JABEZ G." should have been capitalized as a subscriber. The following names should have been capitalized as subscribers :— " DELAMATER, PETER," "D^MONT, TEJERICK B.," "HICKOK, CARTER B.," "ROGERS, JOSEPH," and " WHEELER, GEO. W." EREA TA. 1 1 The following names were omitted:—" SLEIGHT, TITUB, farmer." "WHITE, JOHN H., farmer." Montezuma.— On page 192, 'Penlon & Proper," should read "Fenlon & Prosser." On page 19.3, " Proper, Harrison," should read *' Prosser, Harrison," and "Proper, James," should read "Prosser, James." Mora-Fla.—On page 196, " CUTLER, ALONZO," should have been capitalized as a subscriber. On page 197, " GRAVES, HIRAM," should have been capitalized as a subscriber. On same page, " GREENMAN, PETER B." should read " GREENMAN, PETER V." On page 199, "MINTAIN, SMITH P." should read "MESTTURN, SMITH P." On same page, for " SHAVER, GEO. I." read " SHAVER, GEO. J." On game page, "Silcox, John," has 60 acres instead of 30 as printed. On page 200, " WALHR, JEFFERSON," should read " WALKER, JEFFERSON." On same page, " * WHITE, L. & C, planing and saw mills," was omitted. On same page, " WRIGHT, GIDEON," should have been capitWized as a subscriber. New Hope.—On page 203, " Hazan, Hiram D., general inspector of distilled spirits," should be added, Owasco liake.— On page 159, for " POST, HOHN H.," read "POST, JOHN H." Port Byrou.— On page 185, "Carrier, Chauncey, (Throop,) farmer 71," was omitted' On pase 186, " Curren, Jacob, (Conquest,) farmer," was omitted. Ou same page, "FALL, WM. C, (Conquest,) farmer," was omitted. On same page, " FARMER, PETER," should read " FENNER, PETER." On page 187, for " Howard Bros., props. Western Hotel," read " *HOWARD, J. R. & R. M., (Johii R. and Rush 31.,) props. Howard House." On same page, "HITCHCOCK, J. A., (Conquest,) farmer," was omitted. On page 191, for "Western Hotel," read " HOWARD HOUSE." On page 187, " Knox, Alexander, (Throop,) farmer 85," was omitted. Ou page 188, " Latham, Geo. W., assistant assessor internal revenue," was omitted. On same page, "Macy, Alfred, (Throop,) farmer 23," and "MACY, HENRY S., (Throop,) farmer 106," were omitted. On same page, "OLMSTED, MELBORNEH." should havo been capitalized as a sub- scriber. On page 189, " Simmons, Silas B., (Throop,) farmer 90," was omitted. On same page, " SMITH, JAMES," should have been capitalized as a subscriber. On page 191, "Van Blaricum, H. A. Mrs., (Throop,) tailoress," and " Van Blaricum, John C, (Throop,) mason," were omitted. Ou same page, " WHITE, JACOB JR.," should have been capitalized as a subscriber. AVeedsport."On page 131, " CLARK, BRADDOCK H.," should have been capital- ized as a subscriber. On page 138, " Cornwell, Wm. I." is assistant assessor internal revenue, instead of "assessor," as printed. Ou page 139, "HOLLETT, JOHN, Conquest,) farmer," was omitted. On same page, " KIMBLE, DAVID," should have been capitalized as a subscriber. On page 141, "RUSSELL, H., (Conquest,) farmer," was omitted. On page 143, " STARKS, LEWIS, (Conquest,) farmer," was omitted. On same page, "STARKS, ORRIN," should read " STARKES, ORANGE." The following names should have been capitalized as subscribers :—"APPLETON, ISAAC A.," "BARNARD, RUFUS G.," "HUNTING SEYMOUR," "LADUE, HARRI- SON," and "MILLS, LEONARD." The following names were omitted :— " BOLTER. ISAAC, (Cato,) farmer," " GRANT, JOANNA, (Cato,) farmer," "ROOT, WALTER, (Cato,) farmer," "SLEIGHT, CHRIS- TOPHER, (Cato,) farmer." 12 GENERAL CONTENTS— INDEX TO BUSINESS DIRECTORY. GENERAL CONTENTS. PAGE. Almanac or Calendar for 20 years 120 A Story with a Moral 119 Brilliant Whitewash 113 Bueiuess Directory 121-280 Capacity of Cisterns or Wells . IIT Cash and Credit 119 Cayuga County Officers 293 Census Report 290-291 Chemical Barometer 118 Courts in Cayuga County 292 Discount and Premium • 117 Errata 9-11 Facts on Advertising 117 French Decimal System of Weights and Measures 112—116 Gazetteer of County 21—29 Gazetteer of Towns 30—79 GovernmeHt Land Measure Ill Habits of a Man of Business 119 How to get a Horse out of a Fire 118 How to Judge a Horse 288 How to Secure the Public Lands 106—107 How to Succeed in Business 104 — 106 Interest Table 116 Law Maxims . 107—111 Leech Barometer 118 Postal Rates and Regulations 100—103 Post Offices and Postmasters 293 Publisher's Card 294-296 Rules for Detecting Counterfeit or Spurious Bank Notes 103 — 104 Stamp Duties 93—99 Table of Distances 289 Table of Weights of Grain, Seeds, &c 117 The States, their Settlement, &c 80—91 The Territories, their Area, Boundaries, Population, &c 91-93 To measure Grain in a Bin 118 To those who Write for the Press 119 U. S. Internal Revenue Officers 293 INDEX TO BUSINESS DIRECTORY. PAGE. Auburn, 245 Aurelius, • 121 Aurora 178 Bethel Corners, 175 Brutue, 129 Cato, 145 Cayuga, 123 Conquest. 153 Dresserville, 217 East Genoa, 159 East Venice, 231 Fair Haven 223 Five Corners, ; 161 Fleming, 155 Fosterville, 127 Genoa, 163 Ira, 175 Kelloggsville, 200 King's Ferry, 165 Ledyard, 179 Levanna, 181 Locke 181 Martville, 224 Meridian, 149 Montezuma, 192 Moravia, 195 PAGE. New Hope, 203 Niles, 204 North Sterling, 224 North Victory, 336 Owasco, 210 Owasco Lake, 159 Owasco Valley, 233 Poplar Ridge, 233 Port Byron, 183 Scipio, 213 Scipioville, 214 Sempronius, 217 Seneca River, 151 Sennett, 218 Sherwood's, 215 Sterling 234 Sterling Valley, 227 Summer Hill, 229 The Square, 215 Throopsville, 230 Union Springs, 221 Venice, 235 Venice Center, 236 Victory, 237 Wecdsport, 131 Westbury, 239 INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. 13 INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. PAGE. Agricultural Implements. {See also Mowers and Reapers.) Alden & Co., Auburn 253 Gregg, Plyer & Co., Tnimansburgh 134 Bounds, C. L. &Co., New Hope 142 Woodrufl, AUen & Co., Auburn 297 Apiarian. Durbin, T., Sennett 142 Architect and Builder. Stalker, T. E., Auburn 166 Auburn Commercial College. Brown, D. F., Auburn 298 Bag Manufacturers. Hurd, J. M. Paper Bag Co., Auburn 146 Bakers and Confectioners. Drake, H. M. Auburn 260 Mathews, S. J., Auburn 132 McCrea, A., Auburn 268 Banks and Bankers. Auburn Savings Institution, Auburn. ..133 Mutual Savings Bank, Auburn, inside first cover. Seward; Wm. H. Jr. & Co., Auburn 205 Bent Work and Spokes. Hayden & Letchworth, Auburn 234 Boiler Maker. Collins, Chas., Auburn 284 Book Binders. Byrne, Wm., Auburn , 130 Miller, Jacob, Syracuse 240 Booksellers. Hoii", Richard H. , Port Byron 184 Boots and Shoes. Tuttle, Ongl ey & Co. , Auburn 144 Wheeler, A. G., Auburn 140 Brevi^ers, Malsters, Etc. Burtis & Son, Auburn 194 BrinkerhoflT Corn Shelter. Snow, B. B. & Co, Auburn, inside last cover Carriage Makers. Bench Bros. & Leonard, Auburn 171 Cram, J. F. &Co., Auburn 263 Clxina, Glass and Karthenivare. Briggs, C. G. & Co., Auburn 150 Clothiers. Griswold, F. L. & Co., Auburn ^4 Roberts, W., Auburn 176 Torrey & Hawley, Auburn 232 Dentists. Hudson, R. N. Dr., Auburn 194 Thomas, James O. Dr., Auburn 148 Tripp, G. W., Auburn 246 Dep. Coll. Internal RcTenue. Baker, D. O., Auburn 262 Dining Rooms. Drake, H. M., Auburn. 260 Mathews, S. J., Auburn 132 Rogers & Co., Auburn 164 Dress Maker. Moak, J. J. Mrs., Auburn 288 Druggists. Elliott, J. L., Auburn 216 Hoff, Richard H., Port Byron 184 Osborn, Joseph, Auburn 122 Sutton, Wm. J., Auburn 202 Walley, A. T. & Co., Auburn 160 Dry Goods. Burke, Fitzsimons, Hone & Co., Roch- ester 264 Scovill, I. L., Auburn 2 Elastic Stamp Makers. Dennis Bros., Aviburn 169 Embroidering, Braiding, Etc. Hotchkiss, W. H. Mrs., Auburn 256 Fancy Goods. Ford, E. L., Auburn 148 Fancy Stock Dealer. Gould, Thomas, Aurora ; 166 Files and Rasps. Thornton, H. G., Auburn 228 Flagging and Stone. Quigley, A. H. & E. P., Truman8burgh..256 Furniture Dealers. Moses & Segoine, Auburn 1 Peat, Robert, Auburn 128 Richardson, D. C. & G. W., Auburn 246 Gloves and Mittens. Northrop, E. H. & Co., Auburn 148 Grape Vines, Adams, Geo., Naples 248 14 INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. PAGE. Groceries, Etc. Roffee, H. J. E., Auburn 238 Rogers & Co., Auburn 164 Hardware. Choate & Bro., Auburn 262 Cory, W. O., Aurora 242 llamliu & Kirby, Auburn 243 Hats, Caps and Furs. Carpenter, C, Auburn 130 Horse Hoes. Alden & Co., Auburn 252 Horse Slioeiug. Cheney, H. N., Auburn 268 Hotels. Buck, E. B., Port Byron 128 Cowan, C, Moravia 135 Howard, J. R. & R. M., Port Byron. . . .281 Swift, H. L., Auburn 228 Tyler, J. L., Auburn 260 HoTve's Ague Cure, Etc. Howe, C. B., M. D., Seneca Falls 20 Improved Evener. Benjamin & Welton, Moravia 184 Insurance. Atwood, O. T., Weedsport 288 Baker, D. O., Auburn 262 Gillespie, Geo. B., Port Byron 198 Mann, L. C. & Co., Auburn 261 New York Central Insurance Co., Union Springs 156 Osborn, Joseph, Auburn 122 JcTFelry, Watches, Etc. Downing, M., Moravia 142 Hyde & Bettys, Auburn 250 Smith, Chas. A., Auburn 16 Ladles' Furnisliing Goods. Smith, H. L. Mrs., Auburn 238 Wetherby, Mr. & Mrs. Auburn 148 liawyers. Atwood, O. T., Weedsport .288 Gillespie, Geo. B., Port Byron 108 Wright, F. D.. Auburn 288 Ijlvery Stables. Bell &VanDu8en, Auburn 298 Clapp.& Tallman, Auburn ITO liUmber Dealers. Baker, Geo. C. W., Niles 184 Pomroy, Lombard & Co., Auburn 170 White, L. & C, Moravia 256 Marble Dealers. Raeish, A., Auburn 156 Merchant Millers. Thomas &Ally, Moravia 126 Titus & Belovers, Moravia 207 PAGE. Milliners, Bentley, A. C. Mrs., Auburn 142 Embody. D. A. Mrs., Auburn 184 Fuller, P. A. Mrs., Moravia 142 Wetherby, Mr. & Mrs., Auburn 148 Mowers and Reapers. Cayuga Chief Manuf. Co., Auburn... 172-1 73 Dodge & Stevenson Manuf. Co. Auburn 136-137 Gregg, Plyer & Co., Trumansburgh 134 Hussey & Co., Auburn 2.58 Osborne, D. M. & Co., Auburn 208-209 Music and Musical Instruments. Harter, J. H., Auburn 220 Morris, S. Hall, Auburn 216 Notary Public. Baker, D. O., Auburn 262 Oriental Syrup, Etc. Taft, G. T. Dr. & Co., Seneca Falls. .. . 20 Oyster Dealers* Drake, H. M„ Auburn 260 Schoonmaker, D. H., Auburn 160 Painters. Kennedy, T. J., Auburn 164 Paints, Oils, Etc. Kennedy, T. J., Auburn 164 Paper Dealers^ Garretts & Beard, Syracuse 252 Hurd, J. M. Paper Bag Co., Auburn 146 Photograph Artists. Denlson, L. A.Mrs., Port Byron 1.58 Harter, J. H., Auburn 220 Morris, S. Hall, Auburn 210 Picture Frames, Etc._ Gibbard, C. G., Auburn 226 Kennedy, T. J., Auburn ■. 164 Planing Mills. Stalker, T. R., Auburn , 166 White, L. & C, Moravia 256 Plumbers and Gas Fitters. Barrett, S. H., Auburn 160 Kavanaugh, Daily & Co. , Auburn 242 Printing Offices. Auburn Journal, Auburn 168 Cayuga Co. Courier, Moravia 124 Dennis Bros., Auburn : 169 Port Byron Times, Port Byron 190 Union Springs Advertiser, U. Springs.. 152 Weedsport Sentinel, Weedsport 180 Produce Dealer. Livingston, P. D., Moravia 124 Real Estate Agents. Baker, D. O., Auburn 262 Mann, L. C, Auburn 261 Reaper Knife Grinder. Richardson & Co., Auburn 264 Restaurant. Black, R. & Co., Auburn 248 INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. 15 PAGE. Saddlery & Carriage Hardware. Haydea & Letchworth, Auburn 334 Sasli, Bliuds and Doors. Kennedy, T. J., Auburn 164 Milk, Chas. G. & Co., Auburn 154 Saw Mills. Baker, Geo. C, W., Niles 184 White, L. & C, Moravia 256 Sew^iug Machine Dealers. Ford, E. L., Auburn Yates, H. Asbton, Auburn. .148 .281 Small Fruit Growers. Doolittle & Wight, Waterloo and Oaks Corners 286 Spokes and Hubs. Titus & Selovers, Moravia 2C7 Stoves, Tinware, Etc. C'aoate & Bro., Auburn 262 Cory. W. O., Aurora 242 Hamlin & Kirby, Auburn 243 Winch, Walter, Auburn 212 PAGE. Tea Warehouse. Elliott, J. L., Auburn 216 Undertakers. Peat & Hickson, Auburn 132 Van Etten, O. R., Moravia 126 U. S. Claim Agents. Baker, D. O., Auburn 262 Gillespie, Geo. B., Port Byron 198 Mann, L. C, Auburn 261 Wall Paper, W^indow Shades «kc. Gibbard, C. G. , Auburn 220 Kennedy, T. J., Auburn 164 "Wheelbarro^vs. Rounds, C. L. & Co., New Hope 142 W^ines and I^iqnors. Proudfoot, A., Seneca Falls 256 Woolen Mills. Burke, Fitzsimons, Hone & Co., Rochester .264 Edwards, David. Moravia 268 Hayden Bros., Port Byron 206 Hayden, Wm. & Co., Auburn 162 Wringers and W^ashlng Ma- chines. Palmer, S. W. & Co., Auburn 241 H. N. Cheney, Horse Shoer, at 24 Dill street. Auburn, usesTerrill's Hoof Ex- panding Shoe, said to be a certain remedy for corns, contracted feet and quarter cracks. See card, pa£;e 268 ISell Sc Van Dusen, Liverymen, at No. 24 Garden street, Auburn, have a large number of very fine horses, well trained for the saddle or carriage. Their stock of carriages, sleighs, robes, &c., is second to none in the city. Traveling men, or parties wishing " Turnouts " for business or pleas- ure, will find them always in readiness to serve them at reasonable rates. See their card, page 298. H. Ashton Yates, at No. 80 Gene- see street. Auburn, is agent for the celebrat- ed Grover & Baker and Wilcox & Gibbs Sewing Machines. It will be remembered tliatat the late World's Fair at Paris, the Grover & Baker Machine received the " Cross of the Legion of Honor," the high- est prize awarded. The Wilcox & Gibbs' Machine is as nearly noiseless as it is pos- sible for a machine to be, and we believe they are more rapid in their work than any other machine. Both of them are general favorites, and we understand Mr. Yates has already introduced great numbers of them in Cayuga County. We advise all who con- template the purchase of a Machine, to call at his office, when he will be happy to ex- hibit their working qualities. See card, page '281. A. McCrea, Baker and Confectioner, No. 10 State street, Auburn, publishes a card on page 268. His trade is quite ex- tensive in the country, as well as in the city. His goods are first-class and are much sought after. J. F. Cram & Co., of the Au- burn Carriage ManuiVictory, Nos. 22 and 24 Dill St., have had an experience of over TWENTY TEARS at the business. Farmers as well as business men through- out the county will bear in mind that this firm employ experienced workmen in every department, and use only the best quali'y of timber and iron in the manufacture of their work. They receive the coach-mak- ers magazines and eastern styles monthly; and as they make light carriages and sleighs a speciality, parties contemplating the purchase of either, will undoubtedly find it to their interest to visit this well known establishment. See card, page 263. David Edwards, of the Montville Woolen Mills, at Moravia, manufacture cassimeres, plain cloths and flannels, and does custom carding, cloth dressing, dye- ing, &c., in the best manner. Customers will find this a good place at which to market their wool, for cash or exchange lor cloth. It will be remembered that Mr. Edwards discards the use of waste or shod- dy in the manufacture of his goods, only the best quality of wool being used. See card, page 268. Choate & Brother, Dealers in Foreign and Domestic Hardware, Iron, Nails, &c., are also extensive manufactur- ers of Tin, Copper and Sheet Iron Ware, at No. 92 Genesee street, Auburn. They are the exclusive agents in Auburn for sev- eral of the best Cooking and Parlor Stoves made in this country. We think the people of Cayuga will consult their interests by calling at their store, when anything in their line is wanted. See advertisement, page 262. 16 CAYUGA COVNTT BUSINESS DIRECTOEY. CHARLES A. SMIT No. 105 Genesee St., Auburn, N. Y., OPPOSITE WESTERN EXCHANGE HOTEL, DEALER IN CHATELAINE AND dOLD & SILVER Wlfilli GOLD & SILVER CHAWS. LafllES Golfl Leoillne, GUARD CHAINS. Pins and Ear Rings in sets to match, Bracelets, Sleeve Buttons, Studs, Finger Rings, &c., &c. Also a large stoek of Solid Silver Ware, warranted as good as coin, comprising Din- ner, Dessert and Tea Forks and Spoons, Mustard and Salt Spoons, Butter Knives, Sugar Spoons, Sugar Tongs, a variety of Silver Fancy Pieces in Cases, suitable for Bridal and Holiday Presents, such as Pie, Fish and Cake Knives, Sugar Sifters, all sizes of Soup and Oyster Ladles, Nut Spoons, Nut Picks, Crumb Knives, Ice Cream Knives and Spoons, Gravy Ladles, Napkin Rings, Fruit Knives, Sugar and Cream Cup together in one case. Dessert and Tea Knives, Napkin Rings, Pepper Boxes, &c., &c. A splendid assortment of rich Silver Plated Ware from Rogers' Brothers, Gorham Manufacturing Co., Meriden Britt. Co., Reed & Barton, and other first-class makers, among which may be found a fine line of Castors, Cake Baskets, Bread Baskets, Tea Sets of four and six Pieces, Urns, Ice Pitchers, Goblets, Cups, Butter Dishes, Spoon Holders, Berry and Fruit Dishes, Sugar and Cream Dishes, Ice Bowls, Soup Tureens, Vases for Flowers, Card Receivers, and other articles too numerous to mention. Keep none but the very best quality of Silver Plated Spoons and Forks. Ivory Handle Des- sert, Dining and Tea Knives, &c„ which are guaranteed to give satisfaction, or money refunded. Clocks in great variety, from the common cheap time piece to the Finest French Clocks, which strike the hours and half-hours and always strike correctly. A full assortment of all the varieties of the American Watches made by the Ameri- can Watch Co., E. Howard & Co., and Tremont Watch Co., in Gold and Silver Cases.— Also keep the foreign watch in different styles and prices. All numbers of Gold, Silver and Steel Spectacles. Gold, Silver, Steel, Rubber and Shell Nose Spectacles, at all prices from three shillings to fifteen dollars a pair. Glasses inserted in old frames at a moderate price, and warranted to suit the vision. A choice lot of Fine French Fancy Goods, Dressing Cases, Writing Desks, Fancy Boxes, &c., always on hand, A complete stock of Gas Fixtures, Chandeliers, Brackets, Pendants, Drop Lights, Globes, and everything connected with the Gas Fixture Business. PUBLISHER'S NOTICES. 17 li. C. niann. General Real Estate and Penaiou Agency, will attend to all profes- sional calls with promptness and satisfac- tion. Soldiers having bounty or back pay claims against the Government will find him just the man to make collections for them. See card, page 261. Burke, Fitzsimoiis, Hone Ac Co., Importers, Jobbers and Retailers of Dry Goods, Fancy Goods and Woolens, No. 53 Main street, Rochester, publish a card on page 264. This House was established in 1849, since which time its success has been uninterrupted, each year increasing its amount of business. Their annual sales amount to the enormous sum of near $1,500,000, their trade extending from the Eastern portions of the State to the "Far West." Occupying, as they do, fully 25,000 feet of flooring in actual business depart- ments, every portion of which is crowded with immense piles of goods from foreign countries, as well as of domestic manufac- ture, renders the facilities of this house for Jobbing equal to any in the country. The firm are also proprietors of the " Genesee Falls Woolen Mills," where they manufac- ture 100,000 yards of goods annually. A. H. & E. P. Qnlsley, of Tru- mansburgh, deal in all kinds of Flagging. Their quarries on Cayuga Lake, are exten- sive, and their trade extends to a great dis- tance. Orders will receive prompt atten- tion at their hands. We refer all parties who are anxious to secure the best quality of Flagging, to their card on page 256. Hussey&Co., Manufacturers of their celebrated Mowers and Reapers, at their Works on Mechanic street, Auburn, pub- lish an advertisement on page 258. Dur- ing the many years since their valuable machines were first brought before the pub- lic, they have increased in favor, as each year some new improvement was added. — The manufacturers now claim several points superior to other machines ; for a more detailed account of which see their card. H. OT. Drake, Baker, Confectioner, &c.. No. 2 North street. Auburn, also keeps a first class Saloon, where warm meals will be served up at all hours. He keeps the choicest brands of Ales and Ci- gars. See card, page 260. The Central Hotel, No. 50 State street. Auburn, is located near the N. Y- Central R. R. Depot, is provided with good stabling, &c., for horses. Mr. J. L. Tyler, the landlord, is ever attentive to the com- fort of his guests. Patrons of the house will find it quiet and pleasant. See card, page 260. iD. C. & O. "W. KicUardson, Fur- niture dealers, junction South and Ex- change streets. Auburn, keep an exten- sive assortment of house, office, school and church furniture, which they offer for sale at very moderate prices. This house was established in 1812, and is consequently one of the oldest, if not the oldest business establishment in Auburn. Call and see them when you go to Auburn. They ad- vertise on page 246. I Scott's Patent Reaper Knife Sharpener is destined to add a large percentage to the value of reapers and mowers. The device is both simple and efl'ective; an adjustable grindstone is turned to the edge of the knife at any required angle, while the cutter box, which is secure- ly affixed to a frame, can be placed on the stone in such position as to be accurately ground to any desired bevel. We know of no more usefiil invention, and those well qualified to judge of its merits, pronounce it the very thing most needed by all good farmers. This valuable implement is manu- factured by Messrs. Richardson & Co., and can be examined by all interested .in the subject at their wareroom, No. 77 State street. Auburn has long been noted for its ex- tensive manufacture of Mowing and Reap- ing Machines, and now has the credit of presenting to the public this great auxiliary to their successful operation. See adver- tisement, page 254. Mrs. W, H. Hotchklss, advertises, on page 256, Stamping, Braiding and Em- broidering, at No. 12 South street, Auburn. She keeps on hand for sale a es ZZoci^ltlx "toy I'vs.riry-laa.S the Blood, Correcting the Liver, Cleansing the Skin, Strengthening and Restoring the Digestive and Uterine Organs, Regulating and Renovating the Svstem. It cures Scrofula or Kings Evil, Cancers, Tumors, Goiter, all Swellings of the Throat or Glands, Salt Rheum, Scald Head, Camp Itch, Ervsipelas, Carbuncles, Boils, Blotches, Pimples, Sores, Mercurial and Syphilitic diseases, Ulceration of the Mouth and Throat, Liver, Kidneys ; also Catarrh, Rheumatism, Piles, Gravel, Jaundice, Uterine and Female difflculties. C. B. HOWS, m. D., PropV, Seneca Falls, N. Y. Offlcaon Fall St. Rooms over the P.O. Residence, Cayuga St. above R. R. l^lOTHEK^Sr I?^EAI> THIS. Are your chilaren restless, irritable, wakeful, feverish ? Are they cutting teeth? Are the guma red and painful ? Have they diarrhoea ? Have they fits or spasms ? If so, USE THE ORIENTAL SYRUP. It is the only Syrup or Cordial, or CHILD MEDICINE in market free from Opium, Mor- phine, or Paragoric. These you cau't give: or, at least, you ought not to. They de- stroy the functions of the BRAIN ; the child grows pale ; its eyes grow wild ; its tiesh becomes soft; it loses its mind ; it becomes an Idiot. Mothers, these are facts ! To be couvmced, try it. The Oriental Syrup contains NONE of those poisons. It is per- fectly harmless. It is soothing— quieting. The child sleeps sweetly, and awakes refresh- ed aud lively. The teeth penetrate the gums without pain. It is good for aged and ner- vous people. TRY IT. DR, G. T. TAFT & CO., Proprietors, Seneca Falls, N, Y. THE HALI\1 OE OILE AH ! SIR ASHLEY COOPER, in one of his lectures to his class, says :— I have used the Balm of Gllead in my practice, in one form or other, for more than forty years ; and for Old Sores or Ulcers, Eruptions, Rheumatism, Burns, Cbllblalns, scalds, l*iles. Chafes, &c., it surpasses every other known remedy. Rosenberger's Balm of Gilead Ointment Is composed of Oils and Balsams from trees and shrubs, and for all the diseases referred to by Dr. Cooper, we warrant it almost a specific. For Gall, Grease and Wounds of Horses, it has no equal. We warrant it ; therefore do not hesitate to try It for every kind of Wound, Bruise or Sore. DR. G. T. TAFT & CO., Proprietors, Seneca Falls, N. Y. CAYUGA COUNTY. THIS CO VNTYvfus formed from Onondaga, March 8, 1799. Its territory was subsequently lessened by taking off Seneca Co., in 1804, and part of Tompkins, in 1817. It is long and narrow, lies west of the center of the State, and extends from the shore of Lake Ontario, south, nearly to the head of Cayuga Lake. The County contains an area of 756 square miles, exclusive of 160 square miles in Lake Ontario, and is 146 miles centrally distant from Al- bany. The surface inclines in a general northern direction, and is geographically divided into two nearly equa| parts, by a line ex- tending easterly from the foot of Cayuga Lake. The north half is level or gently undulating, and contains numerous marshes. Small, isolated drift hills are noticeable on some parts of the surface, some of them from 50 to 75 feet high. The surface of the south half is rolling, and gradually rises till it reaches an elevation of 500 to 800 feet above the level lands of the north. These highlands take the form of two general ridges ; the first lying between Skaneateles and Owasco Lakes, the second between Owasco and Cayuga Lakes. Both have rolling summits, and stand 1,000 to 1,200 feet above tide, and their eastern declivities are often precipitous, terminating in bold bluffs on the shores of the lakes. The declivities on the west are more gradual, running down in gentle slopes to the wa- ter's edge. The valley of Salmon Creek, with its steep banks, from 50 to 200 feet high, divides the south part of the most westerly ridge, near its center. The three long, narrow lakes, stretching from the level section of the north into the highlands of the south, constitute the most striking natural feature of this locality. Skan- B 22 CAYUGA COUNTY. eateles Lake, lying on the east line, is bordered by bluff shores v/ithin the County, and is 840 feet above tide. Owasco Lake, near the center, presents a shore generally bold, and in some places pre- cipitous, and is 770 feet above tide. Cayuga, the largest of the three, lies along the western border, and its shores, so far as they lis in this -County, slope eveiily upwards to the summits of the ridges, and are generally dotted with thrifty looking farm houses, half hidden in shrubbery, forming some of the most delightful rural scenes anywhere to be found.. Cayuga Lake is 387 feet above tide, and its water, like that of tbe others, is transparently clear, a per- fect type of purity. Seneca River flows eastward, nearly through the center of the lowlands, which form the north half of the County. From the south it receives as tributaries Cayyga and Owasco Out- lets, and numerous smaller streams flow into it from both north and south. The swampy region, known as the " Montezuma Marshes," extends along the wiiole course of ^he river. The State has made repeated eflbrts to drain and reclaim these marshes, ex- pending large sums of money in the enterprise, but only a portion has yet been redeemed. The central ridges are drained by small creeks and brooks, and a series of small lakes and ponds are formed in the level regions in the north part of the County. The principal of these is Cross Lake. The rocks in Cayuga County are generally found lying in nearly horizontal strata, though in some places they are disrupted and broken. Their edges appear one above the other, forming the de- clivities of the hills that rise toward the south. The Medina sand- stone, the lowest formation, outcrops on the sliore of Lake Ontario, and covers the north half of the town of Sterling. Above this, in the south part of the same town, successively appear the Oneida conglomerate and Clinton groups. The Lockport group appears in Victory ; the red shale of the Onondaga salt group in Cato, Brutus, Conquest and Mentz; the gypsum of the same group in Auburn, Aurelius and Springport, and for some 10 miles along Cayuga Lake ; the Waterlime and Oriskany sandstone in Owasco, Auburn, Fleming and Springport. Above the Onondaga and corniferous lime-stone, we find the Marcellus and Hamilton slwiks,. Tully lime- stone, Genesee slate, and the Portage and Ithaca groups ; the last occupying the summits of the southern hills. Springs of weak brine are found in the Medina sand-stone, on the border of Lake Ontario, and also in the red shale of the salt group along Seneca River. — Along the shore of Cayuga Lake, and in the central part of the County, are numerous quarries, which furnish a gfxDd quality of quicklime, waterlime, and gypsum. The Onondaga and cornif- erous limestone, and the red sandstone, are extensively used for l)uilding stone. Thin layers of corniferous lime-stone, and of sand- CAYUGA COUNTY. 23 stone, ai-e quarried to considerable extent, along the bank of Cayu- ga Lake, and make excellent flagging stone. In the north half of the County, the soil is in general a fine quali- ty of sandy or gravelly loam, interspersed with clay, muck and allu- vium ; and in the south it is a very productive clay and gravelly loam. The entire County is well adapted to either pasturage or the cultivation of grain. For many years wheat was the staple production, but latteidy, it has been mostly superseded by rye, oats, barley, and corn. Wool-growing and dairying are extensive- ly followed. The climate and soil are admirably adapted to the cultivation of fruit, which is receiving considerable attention. The manufactures are confined mainly to Auburn, and are extensive, though comparatively less than in 1810. Spajforcrs Gazetteer, ■pub- lished in 1813, says : "The number of looms in the County were 1,360, producing 340,870 yds. of cloth annually ; there are 19 tan- neries, 47 distilleries, 48 asheries, 11 carding machines, 11 cloth- dressing mills, 3 oil mills, one air furnace, ti ip-hammer, several nail Victories, 6 earthenware factories, and several hatters' shops. About 2,500 skeins of silk, and 60,000 bushels of salt are manufac- tured annually. The inhabitants clothe themselves principally in the products of their own fixmilies, and were it not for the exorbi- tant number of their distilleries, I should add, are very temperate and industrious — the character given them by correspondents." The County-seat is located at the city of Auburn. When organ- ized, in 1799, Cayuga included Seneca County, the territory be- tween the two lakes, Cayuga and Seneca; and as a then central tral point, the first court-house was located at Aurora, on the east shore of Cayuga Lake. It was built of poles and covered with brush. In 1803, a Circuit Court and Court of Oyer and Terminer was held in the primitive structure, by Daniel D. Tompkins, at which an Indian named John, w^as tried and sentenced to be hung for the murder of Ezekiel Crane, Jr. He plead that he might be shot, a privilege denied by the existing laws. A log building in Cayuga Village was authorized for use as a jail, March 25, 1800. An act was passed in 1804, authorizing John Tillotson, Augustus Chidsey, and John Grover, Jr., commissioners to build a court- house on the south-east corner of Lot No. 46, of Scipio, (now Au- burn.) This act was subsequently repealed, and on March 6, 1805, Edward Savage, of Washington County, Jas. Burt, of Orange, and Jas. Hildreth, of Montgomery, were appointed cominissioners to locate the site of a court-house. For some reason they neglect- ed to do so, and April 6, 1808, John Glover, Stephen Close and Noah Olmstead, were appointed to superintend the finishing of the court-house at Auburn, which was completed in 1809. It is hand- somely located in the south-west part of the city, on Genesee street, and contains the court room, and usual County oflices. The Conn- 24 CATUGA COUNTY. ty Clerk's office, built of stone, in such a manner as to be fire-proof, is located adjacent to the court-house. A substantial stone jail was erected in the rear of the court-house, in 1833. It is 45x65 feet, 2 stories, with 2 double and 26 single cells, arranged in the center of the building, with a hall on three sides, which is open to prison- ers during the day-time. The first County officers were, Seth Phelps, Judge ; William Stuart, District Attorney ; Benjamin Led- yard. County Clerk ; Joseph Annin, /SAer?^'; Glen Cuyler, Sur- rogate. The County Poor Plouse is located on a farm of 90 acres, in Sennett, three miles north-east of Auburn. The following statistics respecting it are gathered from the annual report of the Superin- tendents of the Poor, for the year 1866. The total expense for the year ending Nov. 1, 1866, was $14,373.79. The Stock of the County House Farm consists of two horses, eight cows, three calves, seven hogs, nineteen sheep, twelve lambs, fifty fowls. The products of the Farm were as follows : Twelve acres of oats — 500 bushels, $250 00 Thirty tons of hay, SOO 00 Six acres corn, 125 00 Onions— 125 bushels , 62 50 Beets— 95 " 19 00 Turnips— 40 " lO 00 Cabbage— 1,200 heads, 72 00 Butter from eight cows, 200 00 Milk " 100 00 Carrots — 75 bushels, IS 00 Parsnips — 25 " 6 25 Apples— 5 " 5 00 Eggs — 50 dozen, 15 00 Wool from 19 sheep — 80 pounds, 40 00 Twelve loads corn stubble, 36 00 Seven hogs to kill — 300 pounds each, 168 00 Eight bushels beans, 16 00 Seven bushels peas, 7 00 One eighth of an acre broom corn, 10 00 SUMMARY. Number of paupers in County House Nov. 1st, 1865,. 90 Number received during the year, 285 Whole number received during the year, 401 Number born " 1 Died, 9 Sent to Asylum, 9 Absconded, 4 Discharged, 268 CAYUGA COUNTY. 25 Remaining Nov. 1st, 186G, 94 Whole No. days board, 52,484 Average number of paupers, 143 The Cayuga Orphan Asylum, located in Auburn, was founded in 1852, and is well managed. The Erie Canal extends through Bru- tus, Mentz and Montezuma. Cayuga Lake and its Outlet are navigable, and connect with the canal at Montezuma. The direct branch of the Nevf York Central from Syracuse to Rochester, runs through Brutus, Mentz, and Montezuma, and the Auburn branch extends through Sennett, Auburn and Aurelius. The Southern Central Rail Road intended to run from Sodus Bay to Auburn and Ithaca, or via Auburn and Moravia to Owego, and thence to the coal regions, is a project which has long been contemplated.* The grading of the route was commenced several years ago, but was finally abandoned, but opposition has at last been overcome and the work is now going on. This line, when completed, will prove of great advantage to localities along its route, as well as the County at large and the State. Another line, known as the Lake Shore route, to' extend from Cayuga to Ithaca, along the east shore of Cayuga Lake, is also strongly advocated, and will probably be built at no distant day. Two branch lines of the Western Union Telegraph extend through the County. They were put up by the United States Telegraph Company, in 1864, and were sold to the Western Union Company, in March, 1866. The Atlantic and Pacific Telegraph Company have in contemplation an extension of their line through this Coun- ty, by way of Auburn, during the coming summer. One Daily, 1 Monthly, and seven weekly papers are published in the County. 2/ie o^ubum 'Daily Advertiser and Z/^iiioti, is pub- lished by Knapp & Peck. It was established in connection with the Auburn Journal, a weekly paper, in 1846, Henry Oliphant then being the publisher. He sold to Henry Montgomery, who continued both papers till 1850, when he sold to Knapp & Peck, who have continued their publication up to the present time. The weekly paper has been changed to 2/ie A.ubur7i J^oui'nat a?id WeeMy Z/7iion, which is published by the same firm. 2 he JVorlhem C/irislian Advocate , weekly, is published at Auburn, by Wm. J. Moses, publishing agent of Carlton & Por- ter, and is edited by Rev. D. D. Lore, D. D. It is a Methodist Episcopal publication, and was commenced in April, 1841, by Rev. John E. Robie. It was edited by Revs. F. G. Hibbard and Wm. *See Errata for final location of road. 26 C A TUG A COUNTY. Hosmer, till May. 1844, when it was purchased by the M. E. Gen- eral Conference, and changed to The Northern Advocate, and W'as edited successively by Eev. Nelson Eounds, Wm. G. Hosmer, Rev. F. G. Hibbard, D. D., and Rev. I. S. Bingham. Its name was subsequently changed to that with which it first started, and nuw bears. 2/ie JVorlJiertl Itldependent, (weekly,) was started in Auburn, in 185G, by Rev. Wm. Hosmer, who is still editor and jjroprietor. 2?ie JVorth Cayuga 2imes is a weekly paper, published at Port Byron, by Cyrus Marsh. It was established in 1851 by Oliver T. Baird, as the Fort Byron Gazette. In 1860 it passed into the hands of Benj. Thompson, who sold to Wm. Hosford in 1861. In 1862, it was bought by Mr. Marsh, and its title changed to that given above. 2/ie JKeedspoH Sentl?ie?^ is published at Weedsport, by John Gibb & Son. In 1862 it was published by S. & D. C. Van Allen, as The Weedsjoort Monitor., and was discontinued till Feb. 14, 1867, •when it was purchased by Gibb & Son, the present pro- prietors. 2he 77?lion SprblffS Adveitiser, is published weekly at Union Springs, by J. B. Hoff. It was established in 1850, as the Cayuga Telegraph. In 1860, it was published by B. G. Gibb as The Union Springs Herald ; in 1862 it passed into the hands of Emerson B. Williams, w'ho changed it to The Cayuga Lake Herald. John W. Stanton published it in 1864, as The Cayuga Lake Record ; in 1865, H. H. De Wolf became proprietor, and changed it to The Central New Yorker. It afterward passed into the control of C. E. Park, w^ho discontinued the paper but maintained a Job office ; and in May, 1866, it was purchased by the present proprietor. 2 he Ca/ytiga Coimty Courier is published at Moravia, by A. H. Livingston.* The Levanna Gazette, or Onondaga Advertiser, the first paper published in Cayuga County, was established July 20, 1798, at Le- vanna, in the town of Scipio, (then Onondaga Co.,) by R. Delano. The Western Luminary was published at Watkins' Settlement, in Scipio, in 1799. The Aurora Gazette was established in 1799, by H. & J, Pace, and continued up to 1805, wdien it was removed to Auburn, and changed to The Western Federalist. It was published as The Au- burn Gazette, hy Skinner & Crosby in 1816. The Cayuga Tocsin was commenced at Union Springs in 1812, by R. T. Chamberlain. It was soon after removed to Auburn, and continued by different persons till 1847, when it was united with the Cayuga Patriot. * See Errata. CAYUOA COUNTY. 27 The Cayuga Patriot was started by Samuel R. Brown, at Au- burn, in 1814. Isaac S. Allen, Ulysses F. Doubleday, and others, were afterward interested in its publication. In June, 1847, it was united with The Tocsin, the joint papers taking the name of The Cayuga New Era., which was successively published by Merrill, Stone & Co., Stone & Hawes, Finn &; Hollett and Wm. L. Finn, and was finally discontinued in 1857. The Advocate of the People was commenced at Auburn, in Sept. 1816, by Henry C. Southwick. The Cayuga Reiouhlicanyi?^^ started in 1819, by A.Buckingham, and was afterward published by Thomas M. Skinner. In 1833 it was united with the Free Press, and issued as The Auburn Journal and Advertiser, by Oliphant & Skinner. Skinner withdrew and its publication was continued by Oliphant. In 1846 it was issued as the Auburn. Journal, and in the same year was united with The Auburn Daily Advertiser, the first daily published in the County. The Auburn Free Press was commenced by Richard Oliphant, in 1824, and published by him till 1829. It was then sold to Hen- ry Oliphant, and in 1833 was united with the Cayuga Republican. The Oospel Messenger, (Protestant Episcopal,) was established in Auburn, by Rev. Dr. Rudd, in 1827, and was removed to Utica a few years thereafter. The Diamond was published in 1830. The Gosi^el Advocate was published in 1830. The Cayuga Democrat was published by Fred. Prince in 1833. The People's Friend was published by Oliphant & Skinner in 1836. The Western Banner was published in 1836, by Francis S. Wig- gins. The People's Library (mo.,) was published in the same year by F. S. Wiggins. The Primitive Christian was published in 1836, by Silas E. Shepard. TheConference Record was published in 1837, by Rev. I. S. Cham- berlain. The Star of Temperance was published in 1845, by L. H. Dewey. Auburn'' s Favorite was published in 1849, by Newton Calkins. The Cayuga (7/«e/ was commenced at Auburn, in January, 1849, by Thurlow W. Brown, and continued till 1857. The Auburn Daily Bulletin was published in 1849, by Stone, Hawes & Co. The Masonic Union, (Mo.,) was published in 1850. The Christian Ambassador, (Universalist,) was commenced in Jan., 1851, and removed to New York in 1862. The Spiritual and Moral Instructor was published .in 1851, by Peleg S. Cottrell & Co. 28 CAYUGA COUNTY. The Auburn American, (daily and weekly,) was established by Win. J. Moses, in 1855. lu 1859 the daily was changed to The Daily Union., Moses & Vail, publishers. It continued under this title till 1861, wlien it was united with The Advertiser. The Journal of Specific Homeopathy., (Mo.,) was started in March, 1855, by F. Humphreys, and has since been removed to New York. The Cayuga Farmer and Mechanic was commenced in Sept. 1850, by P. J. Becker, and in December 1857, its name was changed to The Teacher's Educational Journal. The Auburn Democrat was established in August, 1857, by Stone & Hawes, and was discontinued in 1862. The Weedsport Advertiser was published in 1827. The Northei'n Fhcenix was published at Weedsport, by Frederick Prince, in 1830. The Genoa Sjiy was published by Gelim Hine, in 1840. The Port Byron Herald was published by Frederick Prince, in 1844. The 31eridian Sun was started in 1851, by Arthur White, and was afterward published as The Meridian Advertiser, by W. H. Thomas. The Family Scrap Boole, (mo.) was published at Victory Centre, in 1855— 5G. Cayuga County formed a part of the Military Tract, and included the original Townships of Aurelius, Cato, Brutus, Scipio and Seni- pronius, and parts of Milton and Locke. Sterling was included in grants of compensation for portions of the original grant, which upon survey were found to belong to the Boston Ten Towns. Before the advent of thewhites,this formed the main hunting ground of the Cayuga Nation. The Cayugas were of more migratory habits than the Senecas and Onondagas, and had fewer towns and villages. There principal town or place of council was near the present vil- lage of Aurora. Seventy years ago the greater portion of Central New York was known as the Onondaga Military Tract. By act of Congress every soldier and non-commissioned ofticer who served in the army of the Revolution, was granted one hundred acres of bounty land in consideration of such service. On March 27, 1783, the Legislature of this State resolved to increase this to six hun- dred acres for those who had served in the New York Line. The Albany Treaty of 1788 — 89 extinguished the Indian title to the lands in Central New York, east of Seneca Lake, with the exception of a few reservations. The Military Lands were immediately located there, and the Tract, embracing the present counties of Cayuga, Cortland, Seneca, and Onondaga, with parts of Wayne, Steuben, and Oswego, was laid out ir.to twenty-eight townsiiips, each divided into lots of six hundred acres each. This division was CAYUGA COUNTY. 29 made during the years 1789, 1790, and 1791. The officers who superintended the survey of the Tract, fresh from the battle fields of the Revolution", and fomiliar with the early history of the repub- lics of Greece and Rome, named these townshij)s chiefly after the statesmen and warriors of classical times. The names of the twenty-eight townships were as follows : — Hector, Ulysses, Solon, 'Cincinnatus, Ovid, Romulus, Scipio, Aurelius, Brutus, Camillus, Marcellus, Sempronius, Tully, Fabius, Pompey, Manlius, Cicero, Lysander, Hannibal, Cato, Galen, Junius, Sterling, Milton, Locke, Homer, Virgil, and Dryden. Most of these names are still re- tained. The first white settlers were soldiers or those who pui'chased soldiers' warrants. The habits of the former had unsuited them for a life of pioneering, and comparatively few of them settled on their claims, though Captain Franklin, the first settler of Cayuga County, was an exception to the general rule. Tvlost of the land fell into the hands of speculators, many farms of six hundred acres being disposed of for a suit of clothes or a few gallons of whisky. The price of land warrants in 1788 was $8, and in 1792 only $30. Most of the same lots are now worth $100 per acre, or upwards. The first immigration was by the way of Oneida Lake and River, and from the south by way of Cayuga Lake. But in 1796 a State road was cut through, extending from Whitestown to Geneva, by way of Auburn; and in 1800 the celebrated Cayuga Bridge was built, and the new route speedily became the great highway of emigration westward. This bridge was finished Sept. 4, 1800, by the Manhat- tan Company. It was one mile and eight rods long, twenty-two feet wide and twenty -two feet between trestles. It was built in 18 months at a cost of $150,000. The Cayuga Bridge Company con- sisted of John Harris, Thomas Morris, Wilhelmus Myndcrse, Charles Williamson, and Joseph Annin, and was incorporated in 1797. The bridge was destroyed in 1808 and was afterward rebuilt, but in 1857 it was abandoned and now nothing remains but some of the piles. For many years it was considered one of the greatest public improvements of the State, and was taken as the dividing line between the east and the west. The population of Cayuga County steadily increased from 1790, and received a grand impetus through the completion of the Erie Canal, in 1825. jil/UITIiN' CTTY was formed as a town from Aurelius, March 28, 1823. It was incorporated as a village, April 18, 1815, :aid as a city, March 21, 1848. It is situated on Owasco Outlet, near the centre of the County, and is finely located, the streets being handsomely laid out on both sides of the Outlet, \vhich furnishes an abundant water power. The creek flows north-west, nearly through the centre, and has a descent of 120 feet. Along its course are valuable quarries of waterlime, Oriskany sandstone, and Onondaga and corniferous limestone. It is located in the midst of a rich and beautiful farming country, and has an extensive internal trade. Its manufactures are important, consisting mainly of woolen goods, paper, agricultural implements, books, flour and machinery. Be- sides the county buildings, it contains 11 churches, 8 banking institutions, beside many splendid public and private buildings. One daily, one monthly, and three weekly papers are published in the city. The city occupies the site of the ancient Indian village of Osco, (written Was-Kough in the treaty of 1780) which was the point where the great trail of the Iroquois crossed the outlet of the Owasco, or Osco. The crossing was effected on stones in the stream, and hence the name "Osco," which signifies a crossing by means of stepping stones. The city unnoubtedly received its name from tlie opening apostrophe of Goldsmith's well-known poem, " The De- serted Village," — " Sweet Ai;burn ! Loveliest villajye of the plaiu, Wliere health and plenty cheered the laboring swain; Where Spring its earliest visit paid, And parting Summer's lingering blooms delayed." This beautiful description may well be applied to the thriving city, which in location, 'climate, and beautiful scenery, combines all CAYUGA COUNTY. 31 that is desirable. It originally comprised six military lots of 640 acres each. The old records disclose that lot No. 46, of the town of Aurelius, was drawn by Alexander McCoy, of the 1st Reg't, New York Line, as bounty land. This was in 1783, and in Sept., 1791, McCoy deeded ^00 acres of his land to John Brow^n in con- sideration of the sum of £11 to him paid. Brown sold to Jarvis Dusenberry in the following month, and in November of the same year it w-as transferred to Philip Van Courtlandt, for the sum of £35. The whole of this lot subsequently passed into the hands of Robert Dill, who purchased it at various times, except what was known as the States Hundred Acres, which was sold by Van Court- landt to William Bostv/ick for $75. Lot No. 47 was drawn by Cap't John Doughty, of the New York Artillery, and by him deeded to Martin and Josiah Ogden Hoffman, March 1, 1789, for £150. The Hoffmans sold the entire lot to Col. John L. Harden- burgh, for £180. Those two lots, 46 and 47, comprised what is now the heart of the city. Lot No. ?7, in the north-Avest part of the town, was drawn in 1790, by private George Weaver, who assigned his title to Michael Overocker. Albert Paulding next bought it and sold it to Robert Dill. Lot No. 38, in the north-east part, was drawn at the same time by Alexander Mills, who, in 1798, sold it to Joseph Preston, of New York, for £50. 300 acres were afterward sold to Noah Olmstead, Jr., and the remainder to Gar- rett Van Wagner. John Mason, Chaplain, rnd Peter .Gansevort, Colonel, drew lots 56 and 57. At the time of early settlement the country was heavily wooded, and a dense growth of hemlocks lined the banks ofOwasco Creek for a number of miles. The banks of the creek were very steep, especially where the Prison now stands. W here now is the Post Office, there was a deep gulley, and on the laying out of Dill street, it was rim directly through a tamarack swamp. So uninviting was the land where the city now is that settlers moved off into the south part of the County, little foreseeing that on the land so cheaply surrendered was to spring up one of the most beautiful and flourishing cities of the State. In 1793, Col. John L. Hardenburgh, an officer of the Revolution, settled in the place, which was known as Hardenburgh's Corners till 1805. He put up a log house where the front of the City Llall now stands, and soon after erected a saw mill and a grist mill, the latter being situated on the site afterward occupied by Hills & Hall's Mill, and being twenty-one feet square, with two run of stone. Wm. Bostwick came in 1794, and built a log tavern on South street, and afterward put up the building known as Bostwick's Tavern, on the site of the Western Exchange. Dr. H. Burt settled at the Cor- ners, in 1795, and Elijah Esty and Lyman Paine in 1800. From eight to ten families were in the new settlement in 1796, and four years later, Robert Dill built a saw mill and moved his family to 32 C A TUG A COUNTY. the place in 180G, In 1800, a post-office was established, with Walter D. Nichols as Post-master. The records afford no infor- mation as to whether this appointment occasioned as much strife as similar ones do in these latter times. Dr. Crossett was added to the list of settlers in 1795, and was the second Post-master, being succeeded by Enos T. Throop, who kept the office in the store of Horace and Eleazer Hills, where Brown & Lee's establishment stands. The public houses at this date, were Treat's, Bostwick's, and Horner's, the latter on Genesee street, near the Outlet. In 1804, Watrous Pomeroy moved here. In the same year we find that Nathaniel Garrow and Lyman Paine had asheries ; Kobert and John Patty, a distillery ; and Terry and Dibble each a black- smith shop. In 1804, the first line of stages from Albany to Can- andaigua passed through the place, and in the succeeding year it dropped the title of Hardensburgh's Corners, and assumed its pres- ent name, Auburn. In 1805, Enos T. Throop, afterward Governor Throop, had a law office in a log-house, on the ground now occupied by the residence of Mr. Morgan. In 180G, he formed a co-partnership with Judge Richardson, and their office was then removed to Horner's Tavern. The population at that time had reached 250. Among the earliest lawyers in the place, beside the gentlemen just named, we may mention Moses S. Sawyer, Walter B. Nichols and Zephaniah Cas- well. The first cause to which the new village of Auburn owed its growth, was its excellent water privileges, and the second the re- moval of the County-seat from Aurora, in 1807, its location at Au- burn, and the commencement of the Court House. It is generally believed that for the latter step the town was indebted to the influence of William Bostwick, who deeded to the Commissioners the present site of the building. An oil mill of considerable im- portance went into operation in the same year. In 1808, H. & J. Pace commenced to publish The Western Federalist, the first pa- per in Auburn, and we here copy the original subscription paper, which is valuable, inasmuch as it shows who were the most promi- nent and active residents at that time. The following is a copy : "We, the subscribers, being anxious to encourage the printing of a public newspaper in the village of Auburn, in the town of Aurclius, in the County of Cayuga, do engage to pay Oraa E. Baker and Normand Rush, the several sums annexed to our respective names, immediately after said Oran and Normand shall establish a print- ing press in said village, and issue one paper, to be repaid bj^ them in two years from the date of this : Noah Husted, $5 ; David Hor- ner, $10; Robert Dill, $15; Samuel Crossett, $5 ; Seth Burijcss, $5; E. T. Throop, 15 ; Elijah Esty, $3; Henry Polhumus,'83 ; Ebenezer Phelps, $3 ; J.L.Richardson, $5; Peter Huo;hes, §!G ; Charles Case, $5 ; Trowbridge Allen, $3 ; Abel Terry, 82 ; John CATUGA COUNTY. 33 Patty, $3 ; John S. Burt, $2 ; Nathaniel Garrow, $2 ; Jonathan Russell, $2 ; Nathan Tibbetts, $2 ; Israel Reeve, $2 ; John Walk- er, $2 ; Zenas Goodrich, 82 ; Stephen Close, $5 ; David Hyde, 62 ; Watrous Pomroy, $2 ; Moses Lyon, $2 ; Joseph Grover, 64." De Witt Clinton passed thi'ough the place in 1810, and gives the following description of it in his private journal : " It contains three tanneries, three distilleries, one coach maker, two v:atch makers, four taverns, two tailors, six merchants, three shoe makers, two potasheries, two wagon makers,. three blacksmiths, two chair ma- kers, three saddlers, three physicians, one Presbyterian clergyman, and an incorporated lil>i'ary of two hundred and twenty volumes. It is the county, town, and has about ninety houses, three law 'offices, a post-office, the court-house and the County Clerk's office. It is a fine growing place, and is indebted to its hydraulic works and the court-house for its prosperity. There are sixteen lawyers in Cayu- ga County. Auburn has no church. The court-house is used for divine worship. " It is situate on the outlet of Owasco Lake, on Nos. 4G and 47, Aurelius ; one hundred acres of 46 belongs to W. Bostwick, inn- keeper, and the remainder to Robert Dill. The former has asked one hundred and fifty dollars for half-acre lots, the court house being on his land, and the latter has asked three hundred dollars for a water lot on the outlet, which is not navigable. No. 47 belongs to the heirs of John L. Hardenbergh, and covers the best waters of the outlet, and a fine, rapid stream. Auburn is eight miles from Cayuga Lake, three from Owasco Lake, and not seventy-five from Utica. Owasco Lake is twelve miles long and one wide. The outlet is fourteen miles long, and on it are the following hydraulic establishments : nine saw mills, two carding machines, two turners' shops, one trip hammer and blacksmith's shop, two oil mills, five grist mills, three fulling mills, one bark mill, and several tanneries. At the lower falls Mr. Dill has a furnace in which he uses old iron, there being no iron ore. "At this place there is a Federal newspaper published by Pace, the former partner of James Thompson Callender. Pace settled first at Aurora, being allured there by Walter Wood ; and being starved out there, he came here, and is principally supported by advertisements of mortgages, which must, if there be any paper in the county where the lands lie, be printed in it, and this is the only one in Cayuga County. " The machine for picking wool is excellent. The carding ma- chine is next used, and turns out the wool in complete rolls. ' It can card one hundred and twelve pounds per day, and one man can tend both. Four shillings per pound is given for wool. Carding, pick- ing, and greasing wool, (the grease furnished by the owner of the wool,) is eight pence per pound. There are upwards of twenty 34 CAYUGA COUNTY. carding machines in this County, and great numbers of sheep are driven to the New York market. "The linseed oil mill can express fifteen gallons of oil in a day, and with great eiTort, a barrel. The flax seed is broken by two mill stones, placed perpendicularly like those of bark mills, and follow- ing each other in succession. Seed costs from two to seven shillings per bushel, and a bushel produces three or four quarts. The oil sells at the mdl for nine shillings a gallon. Oil is also expressed from the seed of the sunflower. One bushel makes two gallons. It is excellent for burning and makes no smoke. Oil is also made here from Palma Christi. "At a mill north-west from Auburn, on 37, Aurelius, a spring rises perpendicularly out of the level earth. It produces two hogs- heads a minute, and immediately forms a mill stream. A few yards below it is a fulling mill. The water is uncommonly good and cold. I found in it a honey-combed fossil, like those at the Sulphur springs, and at Geneva. The spring is called the Cold Spring. There are two or three others near it, and the creek formed by them, called Cold Spring Creek, contains excellent trout. About a mile from the Cold Spring, there is a Sulphur Spring. From the fossils found at the Cold Spring, and the coldness of the water, it must run over sulphur. There is a Sulphur Spring on the margin of Cayuga Lake. " At Fort Hill, we saw several holes, whieh appeared to have been dug within a few years, by superstitious persons, in search of money. One mile north from Auburn, there is a similar work, covering four acres. Pieces of Indian earthenware have been found in it. It has a very high breast-work. It contains a north gate, the entrance of which must have been from the west, and produced by the lapping of the breast-work. A large oak tree, three and a half feet in diameter, was cut down on the breast-work, which, from the circles on it, must have been two hundred and sixty years old. The whole is surrounded by a ditch." In 1810, the vote in Cayuga County for Governor, was 1,880 for Daniel D. Tompkins, and 580 for Jonas Piatt, and, according to the census, in 1811, the County contained a population of 29.840. During the same year the building of the Academy commenced. Robert Dill donated the site, consisting of five acres of land, em- bracing nearly all the land between Chapel street on the north, Garden street on the south. North street on the east, and State street on the west. In consideration of this very liberal donation, other citizens assumed the responsibility of erecting the school building, but after having commenced and nearly completed the work, they were obliged to stop for lack of funds. In this emer- gency, Mr. Dill promptly came forward and generously donated CAYUOA COUNTY. 35 the five hundred dollars necessary to complete it. The present Court House and County Clerk's Office were finished the same year. The matrimonial aflfairs of Auburn seem to have been greatly disturbed about this time. The papers were filled with ad- vertisements of elopements, and desertions of husband by wife, and vice versa. We copy but one of fifteen which appeared in the col- umns of the village paper in the course of a very few months. It seems that Arba M. Seymour cautions the public against harboring or trusting his wife, Pliebe, on his account; but the amiable Phebe takes exception to this view of the ease, and retorts as follows: "Take Notice. — In answer to the above, "Whereas, Arba M. Seymour has eloped his bed and board," a mistake, sir, for he has neither bed nor board, to my linowledge, but leavins; nie and two children witlaoutany just cause or occa- sion, and not only that, but took my clothes and used them for himself. I liere- by caution strangers to beware trusting him, (but where he is acquainted I think it is needless) as I pay no debts of his contracting. PiiEBE Seymour." In ]815 the first fire company was organized, the building of the State Prison was commenced, and Auburn with lO'^O inhabitants secured a village charter. In 1817 the Bank of Auburn was char- tered, with $200,000 capital, and in the following year their present banking house was erected. In 1817 the village contained a popu- lation of 151'G inhabitants, with 148 dwelling houses, 20 stores and 40 mechanic shops. In 1818 the number of inhabit,ants had increased to 2,047, a gain of 541. There were in the village at that time 294 families, 10 slaves, 1 Presbyterian and 1 Episcopal church and one place of public worship for the Methodist Society, a Court House, County Clerk's Office, 1 bank, the State Prison, 211 dwelling houses, 12 offices, 23 stores, 2 market houses, 16 groceries, 74 mechanic shops, 10 mills, stills, and 104 out-buildings, making an afjcregate of 525 buildings of all kinds. 130 laborers were employed on the State Prison, of whom 75 were transient, and at the time the census was taken, out of a population of 2,047, only tivo persons were confined to bed by sickness. In 1829 the Amer- ican Hotel was built by Col. Sherwood. The Western Exchange, then known as Coe's Hotel, was standing as early as 1817. It was then a two-story building with a low linter in the rear, which was used as a kitchen. In 1825 it was raised and enlarged t© its present size by Mr. Hudson. In 1833 the present Jail was completed, at an expense of |800(J, the Cayuga County Bank was chartered, with a capital stock of $250,000. In 1834 their fine and commodious banking house was put up. The Young Men's Association, num- bi'i-ing about 100 members, was organized about the same time. Its reading room was furnishr.l with the best attainable American and foreign periodical literature, in 1835 the big dam was built, in order to continue the navigation of Owasco Lake throush the 36 CAYUGA COUNTY. Outlet to the village. This ■was heralded as a grand step in the march of progress, and the corner-stone was laid by Hon. Rowland Day, amid the booming of cannon from either side of the stream. The stone bore this inscription : "The corner-stone of the Auburn and Owasco Canal, was laid October 14, Anno Domini, 1835, and of American Independence, the OOth." In an article written by Mr. Oliphant, about that time, he says : "The rise of our village has been regular and yet rapid. It has ex- perienced none of those sudden fluctuations in trade or property, none of those devastations from disease, none of those sudden checks upon its prosperity, which are too frequently experienced by other villages. Indeed, as to healthiness of situation, we believe it stands unsurpassed by any town in the State; never, since the gen- eral epidemic. of 1813, having been visited by anything like pesti- lence. Even while cholera was destroying its victims in almost every section of the country, not a single individual in this section was taken. And in relation to the scourge of fire, too, we have been most remarkably preserved. Since the destruction of St. Peter's church, in 1832, we have not experienced a fire worthy of notice ; and as a proof of this, let it be mentioned, (for we believe it to be a fact,) that not over $15 have been paid by the several insurance oflices during the past five yeaj's, for losses sustained by our citizens." At that time Auburn contained nearly COOO inhabitants. The number of private buildings, schools,churches and public edifices had increased, and the business of the town was growing in importance and extent. Since that time it has steadily gi-own from a village to a city, having been incorporated as such in 1848, and groat and important improvements are being constantly added. In the past twenty-five years no specially memorable event has occurred in its history, aside from the increase of manufacturing interests, the or- ganization of new and extensive business corporations, and the completion of public improvements w^hich will be referred to in the proper connection. The Indian village of Osco, was situated on Fort Hill, an emi- nence which, in the language of Mr. Schoolcraft : "lias attracted notice from the earliest times. Its height is such as to render it a very commanding spot, and crowned as it wns with a pentagessimal work, earthen ramparts, and palisades of en- tire elficacy against Indian missiles, it must have been an impreg- nable stronghold during the period of their early intestine wars. The site of this work is the highest land in the vicinity, and a visit to it affords one of the best and most varied views of the valley of the Owasco, and the thriving and beautiful inland town of Auburn, with its public buildings, prison, and other noted public edifices.- — CAYUGA COUNTY. 37 The ellipsis inclosed by the embankments (six feet high at the be- ginning of this century, but now not more than two or three,) with their intervening spaces has a circumference of twelve hundred feet." The query arises as to who were the builders of this mound. Its appearance forbids the idea that it was the work of recent years, for on the embankment stand large forest trees which have evidently grown to their present altitude since the curious mound was con- structed. It is settled that the fortress of Osco was not built by the Iroquois, but. by a race antecedent to them in timeandjiossessed of superior intelligence. The traditions of the Mexican nations assert that the mound builders were a people called the Alle- ghans, " who originally hunted south and west of the Missis- sippi." It is supposed that in the eleventh century, before the overthrow of the Toltec and the establishment of the Aztec empire in Mexico, "they removed northward and eastward into the valley of the Ohio, where they subsisted about three hundred years." The traditions of the Cayugas claim that the Alleghans came from that same region ; that far back the ancient Iroquois were involved in long, but successful wars with the nations of the southwest, who had made their way into the country south of the lakes and con- structed along the Ohio valley and east as far as Osco, earthen altars for the worship of the sun, mounds for the interment of their dead, and embankments for security and defence. That while they were yet in possession of these works, and before all wei-e comple- ted, they were forced to acknowledge the sovereignty of the Six Nations over this territory, and evacuated all their posts east of the Mississippi, having given their name to the Alleghany mountains and also to an important river of that country. So far as can be iiscertained from tradition and observation of their monuments, the Alleghans were driven from their fortress of Osco during the 13th century, leaving behind them their sacred altar and the ashes of their dead. This, then, is the key to the mystery. Osco was the eastern terminus of a series of strongholds erected by the Alleghans through the valleys of the Mississippi and the Ohio. According to the traditions of the Cayugas, Osco was the birth- place of Logan, the celebrated chieftain, who was the greatest orator and wisest sage of the Iroquois. His Indian name was Tah-gah-jute, and he was the second son of ShikeUinms, a distinguished sachem of the Cayugas. About fifty years before the Revolution, Shikelii- mus, with some two hundred of his people, on account of the scarcity of food, removed to the region of Shamokin, Pennsylvania. Tah- gah-jute was then about seven years old. His father became an ardent friend of the white man, and was appointed Indian agent. The chief, with his entire family, embraced the doctrines of Christi- anty, and with them was received into the Christian Church. — c 38 CAYUGA COUNTY. Tah-gah-jute, on being baptized, received the name of Logan, in honor of James Logan, Secretary of the Province. He inherited the talents and peaceful virtues which distinguished his tather, after whose death he became a chieftain. In the same yeai", according to his father's wish, he married Alvaretta, daughter of Ontonegea, a sJKihem of great renown. She is represented as having been won- drously beautiful, with a piercing eye, comely figure, and gentle manners. Little is known of her beyond her unhappy fate. In the spring of 1774, a robbery and murder was committed in one of the white settlements on the Ohio, which were charged to the Indians; how justly is not positively known. A large number of civilized but inhuman adventurers were prowling around the border settle- ments at that period, disguised as Indians, who thought little more of killing a human being than of shooting a buffalo. A part of these men undertook to punish the outrage, according, as Mr. Jefferson stated it, to their custom, in a summary way. Col. Cresap, a man infamous for the untold murders he had perpetrated among the natives, collected a party and proceeded down the Kenhawa in quest of vengeance. While pursuing their journey, a canoe containing several women and children, with but one man among the number, was seen approaching from the opposite shore, unarmed, and unsus- pecting. Cresap and his party concealed themselves on the bank, and as the canoe touched the shore, singling out their victims, fired, killing every one in it. This was the family of Logan, who, of all his tribe, should have been the last to receive even the slightest injustice from the whites whom he had ever befriended. Not long after this terrible blow the chieftain sustained another in the loss of his brother and sister who were also killed by the whites. The pacific spirit of Logan was stung to madness by these events and he took up the war-cry of vengeance. He distinguished himself by daring exploits during the war that followed between the Virginians and the Indian tribes. The latter were finally routed, and it was at the treaty following the great battle that Logan delivered the speech that will render his name famous for many centuries to come. Mr. Jefferson said of it : " I may challenge the whole orations of Demosthenes or Cicero, and of any more eminent orator, if Europe has furnished more eminent, to produce a single passage superior to the speech of Logais." Thatcher says: "The melancholy history of Logan must be dis- missed with no relief -to its gloomy colors. He was himself a victim to the ferocious. cruelty which had already rendered him a desolate man. Not long after the treaty, a party of whites mur- dered him as he was returning from Detroit to his own country." When the inhabitants of Auburn wisely determined to preserve the antiquities of Fort Hill by converting it into a beautiful burial place for their dead, it was deemed proper to pay some respectful CAYUGA COUNTY. 39 tribute to the memory of the eloquent but unfortunate chief. Ac- cordingly they erected a monument, in commemoration of his character and deeds, on Fort Alleghan, where once the Alleghans paid adoration to the sun, and the Cayugas, in later times, wor- shipped the Great Spirit. The monument is an obelisk of 'native limestone, bearing on its northern face a marble tablet with the simple yet eloquent appeal, " Who is there to mourn for Logan f This simple shaft is a conspicuous object in the beautiful ceme- tery which contains many fine vaults and monuments. The State Prison at Auburn, is an object of no little interest to those who visit the city, and has proved a source of prosperity to the place. In 1815, the heirs of Robert Dill agreed to give the State six acres of land whereon to locate a Prison, in case one should be erected here; and in 1816, Tohn Beach was elected to the Legislature to aid in brinsfintj about that result. After a se- vere contest with Utica, Canandaigua, and other towns, Auburn was successful, and the six acres were donated by the Dill estate, according to agreement. This has since been increased to ten acres, we believe, by purchase on the part of the State. The Prison buildings are situated on the north bank of Owasco Outlet, north of the center of the city. The whole is inclosed by a rectangular w\al], 1000x500 feet, and the prison building has a front of nearly 500 feet. The workshops forms a range 1000 feet in length, lighted from the roof and inner side. The cells are built in a block 5 sto- ries high, separated from the exterior walls by an open space, and surrounded by galleries. Each cell is 7 feet long, 3* wide, and 7^ high, closed by an iron grate. Breakfast and dinner are eaten at narrow tables, seating about 20, so arranged that the convicts can neither exchange looks or signs. Supper is eaten in the cells. Du- ring the day, convicts are employed in the various shops, under the charge of keepers, on contracts let by the State to individuals. The convict labor proves a source of revenue to the State, making the Prison nearly or quite self-sustaining. At night the prisoners are locked in separate cells, of which there are now 1100, and 300 more are being provided in a building now being constructed. The prison buildings were commenced in 1816, and finished in 1819, by the State, at a cost of $300,000, exclusive of the convict labor expended on them. There are now 937 convicts in the Prison. On Sabbath, from 7J to 82^ A. M., every convict, except those in hos- pital and employed in the kitchen, is obliged to be present at the Sabbath School, held in the chapel, and also at chapel service there- after. The prison library contains about 4000 volumes, to which the prisoners have access. The following are the present contrac- tors, with the price paid for convict labor, and time when the con- tract expires : — 40 CAYUGA COUNTY. Hayden & Letchwcrth, hame contract, pay 58 cts. per day, contract expires Sept. 1, 18G8. Dunn, Gay & Co., shoe contract, j^ay 50 cts. per day, contract expires Dec 31, 18G7. Wm. J. Moses, cabinet contract, pays 67 cts. per day, contract expires Oct 31, 18G9. Barber, Sheldon & Co., machine contract, pay 75 1-10 and 40 cts. per day, contract expires Aug. 31, 1869. J. M. Easterly, tool contract, pays 73i cts. per day, contract ex- pires Sept, 1, 1871. The Lunatic Asylum. In the year 1855, the State instructed the Board of Inspectors to provide a place suitable for the occupation of all the insane convicts of the State, but no appropriation was made therefor, till 1857, when $20,000 was voted. In June of that year, the present edifice, of brick and stone, was commenced on a lot in the rear of the Prison, five hundred feet square. The building was completed, ready for the reception of patients, in February, 1859. The length of the street front of the building, is 294 feet ; the center structure is 100x27 feet. There are transepts on each wing, 25 feet front by 60 deep. The center building contains the Medical Superintendent's private apartments, the ofiices, the kitchens, and the patients' dining rooms. The wings and transepts are devoted to the use of patients. They contain four main halls, 100 feet long, and eight transept halls, 25 feet long. The dormitories which open off the halls, are 64 in number, each 8x10 feet, with sinks and water closets leading from each hall. The heating apparatus is in the basement, which runs the entire length of the building. The main structure is three stories, beside the basement ; the wings are two stories. A rear building, 40x90 feet, contains the chapel, sewing room, apothecary shop, assistants' private apartments, an infirmary, bakery, store room, bowling alley and cook-room. Another building, forty by twenty-eight feet, has a wash-room, boiler- room, ironing and drying room, carpenter and blacksmith shop, soap room and ice house. The garden is cultivated entirely by patients, and furnishes enough vegetables for the use of the institution. In the rear of all these edifices, is a large yard for exercise, well shaded and pleasant. The Medical Superintendent, upon whom devolves the entire charge of the patients, as such, and of every department of the Asylum as well, resides in the building. All the work is performed by patients with the exception of one person in charge of each of the four departments, storehouse, cook- ing, gardening and washing. The patients in the four halls are graded according to the degree of their insanity, and are under the charge of attendants, when not laboring. They are also visited by the Superintendent several times a day. From the Superinten- dent's report we learn that during the fiscal year 1860, the whole number treated was 77, of whom 40 were Americans, 18 Irish, 10 CAYUGA COUNTY. 41 Germans, 3 English, 2 Italians, 1 Prussian, 1 Swiss, 1 Cuban, 1 Belgian. The average weekly cost of supporting the patients du- ring said year, is shown by the report to have been $4.36 3-5. The Public Schools of Auburn, are justly the pride of the city, which is divided into five school districts. Each of the five public schools is under the charge of a principal, with four or five assis- tants. The total annual attendance is not fiirfrom 1500, and school is kept 44 weeks of the year. The school buildings are handsome, commodious, and well adapte.d to preserve the health and promote the comfort of pupils. The public schools are under the supervision of a Board of Education, consisting of ten members, composed of one Commissioner from each ward, and one Trustee from each school district, with the Mayor as President ex-officio. Auburn Academic High School was incorporated by Act of the Legislature in March, 1866, and is free to all residents of the city. It is pleasantly located, and is securing an excellent reputation. The Young Ladies' Institute was established in May, 1855, and is a select fixmily and day school. The course of study is thorough and comprehensive. The Theological Seminary was incorporated in 1820, and opened in 1821. Its theological interests were committed to representa- tives annually to be chosen from the following Presbyteries : Ni- agara, Genesee, Rochester, Bath, Ontario, Geneva, Cayuga, Onon- daga, Oneida, and St. Lawrence. The representatives were to con- sist of two clergymen and one layman from each Presbytery, who, when organized, were denominated the Board of Commissioners. By them Professors are elected and vacancies in the Board of Trus- tees are filled. The presentFaculty consists of Henry Mills, D.D., Jonathan B. Condit, D. D., EdNvin Hall, D. D., Samuel Hopkins, D. D., E, A. Huntington, D. D., J. E. Pierce, D. D. The finan- cial affairs of the institution are committed to the Board of Trustees. This old established school of theology has secured a wide spread reputation on account of its high character and able management, and is rightfully considered one of the best of that class of institu- tions in the country. Beside the schools above named, there are a number of private places of instruction, which are well patron- ized. The Auburn Water Worhs Company was organized by a special charter from the Legislatui-e, April 19th, 1859, for the purpose of supplying the city with water from the Owasco Lake, The work of construction was delayed until March, 1863, on account of pro- curing a suitable location, with sufficient elevation for reservoirs. At this time the Company was fully organized by the subscriptions to its Capital Stock of 1100,000, and the election, as Directors, of Sylvester Willard, M. D., Josiah Barber, Elmore P. Ross, Cyrus C. Dennis, Harmon Woodruff, Edward H. Avery, Geo. W, Peck, 43 CAYUGA COUNTY. Theodore M. Pomeroy and Albert H, Goss. Charles H, Peet, foreman of Works. The attention of the Directors was called to a system of water works erected in Lockport, N. Y., by B. Holly, Esq., dispensing with reservoirs and using force pumps to force the water directly into the mains. The works were duly constructed for the Com- pany by Mr. Holly, and accepted, and have successfully met every requirement, both for the supply of water for daily use throughout the city and also as a perfect safeguai'd from conflagrations. The supply of water is drawn from the outlet of the Owasco Lake, about two miles from the city. At this point a wheel house, 30 by 35 feet, has been erected, two stories high. The upper story is arranged lor the family residence of the Superintendent in charge of the machinery. In the lower story is placed three of Mr. Holly's cele- brated Turbine Water Wheels — one of 60 and two of 100 horse power — under a head of fifteen feet. Each of the large wheels drives one of Holly's Rotary Elliptical Power Pumps, capable of discharging 1,000,000 gallons of water every 24 hours. The smal- ler pump has a capacity of about 425,000 gallons every 24 hours. The design of three sets of wheels and pumps is to vary the sup- ply of water according to the wants of the city — running one, two or three of them, as needed. The wheels are so arranged as to ap- ply the power of either m' heel to either pumjD, or the power of one wheel to two pumps, or the power of two wheels to one pump. The water is forced through 12-inch pipe into the main street of the city, and then through reduced sizes of 8, 6, 4 and 3 inches, is dis- tributed through different localities. The farthest hydrant is fully three miles from the wheel house. The flow of water for the daily supply of the city is secured with perfect regularity and pre- cision. In case of fire, by combinations of safety valves and a system of telegraphing by water, ingeniously contrived by Mr. Holly, any additional amount can be almost instantly thrown to any required point in the city. By simply opening any of the hy- drants, the pressure is reduced in the regulating cylinder at the Wheel House — this reduction depresses the piston — starts the regu- lator which hoists one or more of the gates — rings a bell in the Superintendent's sleeping apartment, and promptly calls him to his duty. Upon repeated tests the opening of a hydrant in the city has rung the alarm bell in the Superintendent s room at the toheel house., from two to three iniles distant, within three seconds, as near as it was possible to determine by watches set and compared. As soon as fire is extinguished, the closing of one or more hydrants will so act upon the same regulator, safety valves, piston and cylinder, as to close the gates again, and bring the flow of water in the pipes to the same pressure required for the ordinary supply of the city. — This water telegraph of Mr. Holly's will operate not only tliree CAYUOA COUNTY. 43 miles, up hill and down, cas at Auburn, but for longer distances, well nigh as instantaneous as the Atlantic Cable registers a mes- sage from one extremity to the other. In the years 1865, 1866, about eight miles of mains were laid throughout the city, for fire protection and private use, and the Company continue to extend their pipes, under the direction of the Common Council. These works have attracted a good deal of at- tention and commendation from diiferent parts of the country, and are pronounced the best water works in the United States. The water for private use is the purest kind, taken from the beautiful Owasco Lake, and is conducted through the New Jersey Company's Patent Cement Pipe and. is coming into general use by the citizens of Auburn, and is a great luxury and adds an additional attraction to the beautiful city of Aulnirn. The Cayuga Asylum for destitute children, was founded by the unwearied efforts of a few benevolent ladies, in the spring of 1852, and incorporated by an Act of the Legislature the same year. "The object of this Institution (as specified in the Act of Incorpo- ration,) shall be to provide a home for orphan, half-orphan and des- titute children, supply their necessities, promote their moral, in- tellectual and religious improvement, and fit them for situations of usefulness." The management of its financial interests is entrusted to a board of nine male Trustees ; the appropriation of its income, the care and management of its children, and its internal and domestic concerns, to a Board of female Managers, consisting of three Di- rectresses, a Treasurer, a Corresponding and Recording Secretaries, a Provider, and thirty-six Managers, residing at the time of their appointment in the City of Auburn and County of Cayuga. The first meeting of the ladies, on record, was held May 5th, 1852, when the Society was organized, and the Managers elected, as men- tioned in Sec. 8 of the Act of Incorporation. Since the organization of this Society, a large lot of ground on Owasco street has been purchased by the Board of Trustees, and a noble and commodious brick building erected, at an expense of some 112,000. A monthly paper, entitled " The Orphan's Friend," is issued by the Board of Trustees, and has helped materially to increase the prosperity of the institution. The Home for the Friendless, No. 34 Canal street, was estab- lished in 1864, for the relief of aged and respectable j)oor, and is supported by voluntary contributions. The house is a good one, and has an acre of ground adjoining it. During the year 1865, eighteen inmates were received and cared for at the Home. The Young Merits Christian Association was organized Oct. 7, 1859, and re-organized Nov. 14, 1864. It numbers over 150 mem- bers, and maintains a reading room, furnished with the leading 44 CAYUGA COUNTY. newspapers of the country, and foreign and domestic literature. The Association furnishes a course of lectures during the winter season, which are generally well supported by the citizens. Beside the above christian and benevolent organizations we may mention the Martha Washington Society, formed for the purpose of assisting the fomilies of inebriates ; the Samaritan Society, Ladies' Bible Society, Ladies' Union Freednien\ Aid Society and others. — There are also seven Lodges, F. and A. M., two Temperance Soci- eties, and several German benevolent organizations. The Merchants Union LJxpress Co?npany was organized and has its headquarters in Auburn. It was formed in Sept., 18G0, and has -^20,000,000 capital. Its Directors include some of the first and wealthiest men of the country, and its patrons are numbered by thousands wherever its lines have been extended. The following are the present officers : — Elmore P. Ross, President ; Wm. IT. Seward, Jr., Vice President ; Wm. C. Beardsly, Treasurer ; J, N. Knapp, Secretary ; T. M. Pomeroy, Attorney. The JV. Y. Central Railroad. — The grand trunk of this road divides at Syracuse and unites again at Rochester. The first line built was from Syi-acuse to Auburn ; completed about 1840. The Auburn and Rochester R. R. was finished a year or two later, and both were consolidated under the name of the Rochester and Syra- cuse Railroad, but it is now known as the Auburn Road. It is 104 miles long and runs through the most beautiful section of the State, the principal places on the route being. Auburn Geneva, and Can- andaigua. A fine commodious depot, with good convenient offices, has been constructed at the former place. We regret that our space will not allow us to go more fully into details respecting the vari- ous manufactories, etc., which contribute materially to the wealth and growth of Auburn. But we must be content with briefly noticing a few of the most prominent as follows : — Dodge & Stevenson Manufacturing Company, corner of Wash- ington Street and N. Y. C. R. R. As a description of these works, their capacity and reputation, written by D. D. T. Moore, of the Rural New Yorker, would undoubtedly prove far more readable and interesting than anything we could write on the subject of mowers and reapers, we give his words, which we quote from the Rural of March 9th, 1867. He says : " While in Auburn, recently, we passed an hour or two in visit- ing the head-quarters of the Dodge & Stevenson Manuflicturing Co., and were surprised at the extent of the establishment and the business it is doing. The Company (of which Col. J. A. Dodge is President) has a capital of $250,000 employed in the manufiicture of the Dodge Harvester, (Ohio and Buckeye patents, with Dodge's Improvements,) a machine which has attained a good and Mide reputation. Its popularity is demonstrated by the fact that the CAYUGA COUNTY. 45 Company is making four thousand machines for the coming harvest, two thousand of wliich are already completed. The manufacturing building, shops, store-houses, &c., are quite extensive, the main one being 380 feet long, and most of it four stories, the foundry 45 feet by 170 feet, the blacksmith shop 150 feet long, etc. There are three store-houses, each about 50 by 150 feet. Two hundred men are employed, and the establishment is now finishing about 100 machines each week. The nuichinery used is very perfect, and each part of the Harvester is apparently made with great care. The whole establishment is creditable to the Company and its originator and manager, Col. Dodge." D. M. Osborne db Co., manufacturers of " The Kirby" Mower and Harvester, and whose works are situated on corner of Genesee and Mechanic streets, are, perhaps, among the largest manufacturers of this class of agricultural implements in the world. They occupy a h^rge number of extensive buildings, as follows : — No 1 is the office, sample room, and store house, QQ> feet by 40 feet, four stories and basement. No. 2 is the wood workshop, 59 feet by 48 feet, three stories and basement. No. 3 is the store house, packing and shipping room, 114 feet by 76 feet, 3 stories and basement. The third story of this building is the paint shop. No. 4 is the machine shop, 138 feet by 50 feet, three stories high and two basements. — No. 5 is the blacksmith shop, 1S8 by 50 feet, one story. No. 6, malleable iron works, 113 feet by 90 feet, one story. No. 7, found- ry, 192 feet by 06 feet, one story. On the opposite side of Mechanic street are the barn, steam drying house and lumber yard, the latter containing over 5l'0,000 feet of lumber. In the workshops, each room, which is capable of allowing space for from 25 to 50 or 60 men to work, is allotted to some particular branch of business, and each man has his own special operation in which he thus becomes skillful and rapid. Each department is under the care and constant supervision of a competent foreman, who is responsible for the work under his charge, each of them being assisted by the unceas- ing and vigilant co-operation of the proprietors, and of Mr. Kirby, the inventor of the machine ; and the businesss being thus system- atically classified, is conducted with clock-work regularity. In 1856, Mr. Kirby, then living in Butialo, invented the Kirby Mower and Reaper, of which the distinctive feature was, and has ever since been, the independent connection of the frame and bar with the drive wheel. In 1858, Mr. Osborne commenced their manufacture in Auburn, N. Y., in building No. 1; in 1859, the building No. 2 was erected, and from 1860 to 1865, the other por- tions of these extensive works were put up as the business increased and more room was required. In the manufacture of the Kirby Mower and Reaper, there are now used, per year, about 3,000,000 pounds of pig iron ; 500,000 46 CAYUGA COUNTY. pounds of bar iron and steel ; 1,100 tons of coal; 400,000 feet of lumber. The pay roll is from -$0,000 to $10,000 per month.— Over twenty thousand machines have been manufactured at these works since 1858, exclusive of the large number of Kirbys made at other manufactories. In the foundry, a single fire is capable of melting six tons of iron per hour; a store-room contains the rough castings until carried to the workshops for dressing. The whole of this vast establishment is warmed by steam, which is furnished exclusively by burning the chips and shavings from the wood work. Two years ago they made between five and six thousand ma- chines. They have recently much enlarged their buildings, and so perfect are their labor-saving appliances, that,, with a full comple- ment of hands, or 250, they are capable of turning out a complete machine every fourteen minutes, or at the rate of fourteen thous- and a year, which they have actually accomplished for a time. These machines are now sold in all the Northern and in many of the Southern States, and in California, Oregon, Brazil and Austra- lia. Messrs. D. M. Osborne & Co., have an office and warehouse in Chicago, Philadelphia and St. Louis, each of these being under the charge of thoroughly practical business men, who have the oversight and control of their business in the territorial divisions assigned U) each of them. Prominent among the manufacturing interests of Auburn, are the Mower and Reaper works of the Cayuga Chief Manufacturing Co. This Company is composed of citizens of this County, who, having seen the increasing popularity of the " Cayuga Cliief^'' both as a Mower and a Reaper, and believing in its superiority over all other two-wheeled machines, have organized this Company with a capital of 8400,000, for the express purpose of supplying the constantly increasing demand for these machines. Their extensive and substantial buildings are located at the foot of McMaster street and adjoining the N. Y. C. R. R. Their spa- cious machine shop, three stories high above the basement, filled with machinery ; their foundry, one of the most perfect we have ever seen ; their forging shop and piles of lumber, tell even to in- experienced eyes that their business is one of great magnitude. This Company use annually 1000 tons of coal, 2000 tons of iron, about half a million feet of lumber, and employ from 150 to 200 men. The lumber is mainly bought from the fi^irmers of this County, and the laborers and their families make a demand for the farm products. To the question asked, " what is done with the products of these shops, and what do they do with their macliines ?" the reply is, that wherever in the United States cars run, and farmers till the CATUGA COUNTY. 47 soil, there will be found the " Cayujra Chief," either as a Mower or Reaper, winning the good will and recommendations of its OM'ner, and making a demand for " more of the same sort" from his neigh- bors, thus confirming the statements of its proprietors, that it is the most perfect mower ; the most perfect reaper ; the most perfect combined two-wheeled machine ever built. The large amount of their business enables this Company to em- ploy the best inventive and mechanical talent in the country, and to perfect and adapt any real improvements in mowing or reaping. — During the past year this Company have put into market many Self Rakers, which have, by actual test, proved, as we are assured, the best ever given to the farmers. Hussey (b Co. are also extensive manufacturers of Mowers and Reapers. Their shops are located on Mechanic street. The repu- tation of the Hussey machine is probably equal to any in market, though not so extensively manufactured. Indeed the manufacturers claim several points superior to other machines. A more extended notice of this Company and their machine may be found in another portion of the work. The Steel Tempering works of Messrs. Rey- nohh, Barber d; Co., on Mechanic street, are engaged extensively in the manufocture of section knives for Mowers and Reapers, and the celebrated " clover leaf" plane irons. B. B. Snow (& Co. have recently commenced the manufacture of Brinkerhoff's Corn Sheller, Separator and Cleaner, a very valuable machine, and one destined to attain a very extensive sale. The Auburn Agricultural Works., Messrs. Alden & Co., pro- prietors, located at No. 27 Water street, are extensively* engaged in the manufacture of several kinds of useful Agricultural Imple- ments, prominent among which is Alden'' s Patent Thill Horse Hoe, selected as the best in the United States, and sent by the Govern- ment agent to the Paris Exposition. Among the other manufacturing establishments calculated to add wealth and prosperity to the city of Auburn, may be mentioned that of the Auburn Woolen Co. ; Auburn Paper Manufacturing Co., organized in 1849; Oswego Starch Factory, whose works are located at Oswego, but the Company's headquarters are at Auburn ; E. C. Tuttle Manufacturing Co ; Auburn Tool Co. ; Auburn Gas Cun"ipany ; J. M. Hurd db Co., manufacturers of Hurd's Patent Paper Elour Sacks. There are several plank road routes centering in Auburn, the principal of Avhich are the following : Auburn and Aurelius Plank Road ; Auburn and Fleming Plank Road ; Auburn and Moravia Plank Road ; Auburn and Port Byron Plank Road ; Auburn and Owasco Plank Road ; and Auburn and Weedsport Plank Road. The Cayuga County Agricultural Society was organized in 1841, and re-organized under the new law in 1856. The Society's grounds 48 CAYUGA COUNTY. comprise twenty acres near the west line of the city. There is a fine permanent exhibition hall, erected at a cost of $3000, and a good half-mile trotting course. The city covers an area of 4,5991 acres. A JJBELIUS was formed January 27, 1789. Brutus, Owas- co, Cato and Jefferson.^ (now Mentz,) were set off March 30, 1802; Auburn and Fleming in 1823; a part of Springport in 1833, xind j)art of Throop in 1859. It lies near the center of the west border of the County, on Cayuga Lake, and has a rolling surface, which in- clines to the north and west. Owasco Outlet runs through the north-east corner, and Cayuga Brook, Crane Creek, with several other small streams, rise in the town. There are a number of ex- cellent water privileges along Owasco Outlet. For the most part, the soil is a heavy clay and gravelly loam. Cayuga [p. v.) is on Cayuga Lake, two miles south of the Outlet, and was incorporated in 1858. It is an important station on the New York Central Rail Road, and is connected with Ithaca, at the head of the lake, by a daily line of steamers. The tourist leaving Cayuga for a trip through the lake, is sure of beholding some of the most charming scenery afforded by any section of .the State. Cayuga contains about 400 inhabitants and 2 churches. The cele- brated Cayuga Bridge, one mile and eight rods long, v/as built across the lake at this point, in 1797, by Swartwood & Deman, of New York, and Joseph Annin and others of Cayuga. It fell in 1804, was rebuilt in 1812-13, and finally abandoned in 1857. Un- til the canal was finished, the road leading across this bridge was the grand highway of emigration. The County-seat was located here, on the first organization of the County. The Indians here made a treaty with the Governor of the State, in 1794, selling their reservations, with the exception of four square miles on the shore, near Levanna. Foslerville, (p. v.) in the north part, contains a church and about a dozen houses. Aurelius, [p. v.)in the south-east part, is about the same size. ClarksviUe, on the east line, is a sub- urb of Auburn, and is engaged in manufacturing. The Auburn Paper Mill, incorporated in 1848, with $40,000 capital, is located here, with other important manufactories. It contains about 300 inhabitants. The first settlement was made at Cayuga, in 1788, by John Har- ris, of Harrisburg, Penn., who established the first ferry across the lake. Wm. Harris and John Richardson, came the same year. — The first wedding was that of John Harris and Mary Richardson, which took place in 1789; the first birth that of John Harris, Jr., in 1790, and the first death that of Depuy, in 1797. The first school was taught by Hugh Buekle}^ in 1797; the first inn was kept by John Harris, in 1790, who was also the proprietor of the CAYUGA COUNTY. 49 first store in 1789. The census of 18G5 gives the town an area of 2(>,887 acres. BBUTUS was formed from Aurelius, March 30, 1802, and Sennett was taken off in 1827. Its location is on the east border of the County, north of the center, and its surface is level in the north and Avest, with an average elevation of about ten feet above the level of Seneca River, which forms its northern boundary. The parts lying along the river are quite marshy. Isolated drift hills, from 50 to 75 feet above the general level, render the surface in the south-east broken and rolling. Bread Creek and Cold Spring Brook, both of which are tributary to Seneca River, are the princi- pal streams. The former is a canal feeder, and along its course are deposits of limestone and plaster, which are quarried to considera- ble extent. The soil is a fine quality of sandy and gravelly loam, intermixed with clay and alluvium. Weedspori (p. v.) was incorporated April 26, 1831, and is on the Erie Canal, and the direct line of the New York Central Rail Road. It is eight miles north of Auburn, twenty -one miles west of Syra- cuse, and sixty east of Rochester. It contains four churches, a bank building, union school, a large malt house, foundry, and several mills. Population about 1200. The first settlement in the present town of Brutus, was made by William Stevens, from Mass., in 1800, on the south bounds of the corporation of this village. The settlement was called "Macedonia," and went by that name till after the Erie Canal was finished, in 1821, when the subsequent growth of the village was along the banks of that great commercial highway. In 1816, this section of the canal was commenced, and made navigable as far as Utica, in the year 1821. Previous to that, communication east and west was had by means of the public roads, which were very bad, until the building of the Montezuma Turnpike, by which travel was some- what facilitated. Elihu and Edward Weed, sons of Smith Weed, a wealthy Albany merchant, settled in the village and built a "Basin" on the south bank of the canal, large enough for the mooring and turning of boats. They also put up a store-house, and the place then became known as Weed's Basin. In 1822, the Weeds adver- tised their storage and forwarding business at Wecd''s Basin, adding by way of postscript, "A post office has lately been established at this place, by the name of Weed'' s Port P. 0., of which Elihu Weed is postmaster." After the canal was finished, Weedsport became the canal land- ing for the city of Auburn, which created a large amount of busi- ness for the place in the way of shipping and teaming. Ware- houses sprung up, and the little village assumed a thrifty and pros- perous appearance. But on the building of the Auburn and Syra- cuse Rail Road, in 1840, nearly all of this storage, carrying and 50 CAYUGA COUNTY. forwarding business, was diverted from the little town, which hav- ing depended on this for its existence, seemed destined to go into decay. The store-houses, once filled to their utmost capacity, stood empty and desolate, and the place looked ruinously forlorn. It then fell back on its resources as the natural depot for the pro- duce of the surrounding country, and the place of its exchange for merchandise and mechanical work. Thus left to its natural arowth, it was many years before the empty buildings were re-occupied, and new ones erected to accommodate the increasing business of the place. Surrounded by a rich agricultural section, its growth was increased, although near villages were formidable competitors for the country trade, so that in 1840, it had about regained all that was lost by the diversion of the Auburn trade in 1840. Since that time it has grown steadily, though not rapidly, and is now one uf the best market towns in that section of the State. Its exten- sive store-houses, large dry goods establishments, and elevators along the canal, are conclusive proof of its prosperity. The Weeds- port Union School was established about 1846, by the consolida^ tion of several districts. The school building is a substantial brick edifice, containing four departments, each under a separate teacher. The course of instruction is ample, and the attendance full. A weekly newspaper, fitly representing the interests of the town, is published here. The Town Fair Ground, with a half-mile trotting course, is in the village. The location is healthy, and the climate salubrious. As before mentioned, the first settlement in the town of Brutus was made by Wm. Stevens, from Mass., in 1800, and among other early settlers, were Caleb, Nathan and Jonah Rood, and Pow- ers, from Saratoga County, who located at and near Weedsport ; John Hamilton, from Washington County, who settled on Lot No. 64, in March, 1803 ; Edward Horton, Peter Douglass and Samuel Moore, from New Jersey, on Lot 86 ; Adam Helmer, from Her- kimer County, on Lot 67, in 1804, and Van Dyck.and Daniel Miller, from New Jersey, on Lot 76, in 1805. The first birth was that of Burnett Stevens, Nov. 13, 1801 ; the first marriage that of Peter Douglass and Polly Plamilton, January 12, 1804, and the first death that of aninfent child of Sunderland Sweet, in 1800. — Harriet Phelps taught the first school, in 1806; Walter and Elihu Weed kept the first store, and Lewis Putnam built the first saw mill and grist mill on Bread Creek. The census of 1865 gives the town an area of 12,356 acres. C^ TO was formed from A ureli us, March 80, 1802; Sterling was taken otfin 1812, and Conquest, Ira and Victory in 1821. A part of Ira was annexed in 1834. It lies on the east border of the County, north of the centre, and its surface is level in the south, and rolling in the north. The ridges run north and south and rise CAYUGA COUNTY. 51 about 50 feet above the valleys, and 150 to 200 feet above Lake Ontario. Seneca River forms the south boundary. Cross Lake, on the east border, is a shallow sheet (jf water about 5 miles long. Seneca River flows through it. Otter Lake and Parker's Pond, in the north part, discharge their waters through Otter Creek into Seneca River. The soil is a sandy and gravelly loam mixed with clay and disintergrated red shale. Meridian, [p. v.) formerly " Cato Four Corners," in the north part, was incorporated Oct. 17, 1854. It has about 400 inhabi- tarts. Caio, [p. v.) on the line of Ira, in the north-west corner, contains 3 churches and about 50 dwellings. Seneca River is a post office. Samson Lawrence, who settled on lot 32, in 1800, was the first settler. Among the early settlers were Solomon Knapp, on lot 100, L. Sheldon on lot 84, Jacob Labertaux, from Penn., on lot 57, in INIay, 1803 ; Jesse Elwell and Abner Ilollister, at Merid- ian, in 1805. The first child born was Alvira Stockwell, May 4, 1805; the first mari'iage was that of Andrew Stockwell and Sybil Root, in June 4, 1804; the first death that of Stephen Olcott, in 1805. Solomon Knapp kept the first inn at Cato, in 1803 ; and Jesse Elwell the first at Meridian, in 1805. Daniel M. Bristol kept the first store in 1806, and Samuel Woodford built the first grist mill, on the outlet of Otter Lake, in 1811, The first church (Baptist) was fin-med Oct. 26, 1810, Rev. Daniel Palmer being the first pastor. The census of 1865 cives the town an area of 10,702 acres. CONQUEST was formed from Cato March 16, 1821, and took its name in commemoration of the victory achieved by those who favored a division of the town of Cato, over those who opposed it. It is situated on the west border of the county, north of the centre. The surface is rolling with north and south ridges. Along the Seneca River, in the south part, the land is marshy, and along the small stream which flows through Mud Pond, is a swamp, a quarter of a mile wide, extending north and south. Duck Pond, in the north-west, is about a mile in diameter. Ilowland's Island, in Seneca River, contains 2700 acres, one third of which is swampy and submerged during high water. The soil consists of a sandy loam, intermixed with clay, with underlying red shale. Conquest Centre, (^Conquest p. o.) contains 2 churches and about 20 houses ; Pinevllle, in the west part, is a hamlet. George Snyder, from Schoharie County, and Israel Wolverton. from Tompkins County, were the first settlers. Both settled in the year 1800, the former on lot 37, the latter on lot 4. Other early settlers were James Perkins, from Onondaga County, on lot 3, Ephraim Witherill, from Tompkins County, on lot 4, Theophilus Emerson, on lot 27, and Clement B. Emerson, on lot 15, in 1802 ; 53 CAYUGA COUNTY. Dijar Wilcox, from Saratogci County, on lot 74 ; Wni. McCollum and John Crowell, from Newburgh, on lot 7(5, in 1805 ; and Wm. Crowell, on lot 77, in 1807. The first child born was Amos Wol- verton, in 1803; the first marriage that of Gilbert Perkins and Betsy Snyder, and the first de.iAth that of a traveler and stranger, at Mosquito Point. The first school was taught by John Perkins, at Conquest Centre, in 1807 ; Ephraiin Witherill kept the first inn, in 1803 ; Jonathan Davis the first store, at Conquest Centre, in 1827 ; Twitchell erected the first saw mill, in 1808 ; and Abrana Cherry the first grist mill, in 1810. This was long known as the " Pepper Mill," from the fact that at first a store was kept in it. — The settlers joined forces and made a large canoe, capable of hold- ing 60 bushels of grain, and in this the grists of the entire neighboi*- hood were carried to Springport, by way of Seneca River, there to be ground. It took four days to make the journey. In 1813, John Filkins took a load of wheat to Albany, and was obliged to sell the wheat and one horse to defray the expenses of the journey. In 180-4, James Perkins built the first frame house, sawing out all the lumber with a whip saw. The building is still standing, if we are rightly informed, a fit monument to the persevering industry which characterized the pioneers. The first church (Prot. Meth.) was formed at Conquest Centre, in 1803, Rev. Joshua Beebe being the first settled pastor. The census of 18(5.5 gives the town an area of 20, .529 acres. FLBBIING was taken from Aurelius, March 28, 1823, and named after Gen. George Fleming, an old resident. It lies south of the center of the County, and west of the foot of Ovvasco Lake. It has a rolling surface, inclining toward the north and east. The- slope of the lake banks continues upward about three-fourths of a mile. The highest parts of the town are 150 to 250 feet above the lake, and 800 to 1000 feet above tide. Crane and Wheeler Creeks are the main streams. The soil is chiefly a gravell}' loam, with occasional intermixture of clay and sand. Fleming.! [p. v.) near the central part, is a small village. Owas- co Lake is a post office. The first settlements were made in 1790-91. Among the early settlers were Benjamin Irish, Joseph Grover, Ed- ward Wheeler, Ichabod and Abel W^ilkinson, and James Har- rington. The first birth was that of Aurelius Wheeler, in 1791, and the first death that of Mrs West, in 1792. John Herring taught the first school, in 1794; Abel W^ilkiiison, kept the first inn, in 1792; and Joseph Grover kept the first store in 1797. The first religious services were held by Elder Daniel Irish, (Baptist,) about the year 1794. The census of 18G5 gives the town an area of 12,935 acres. CAYUGA COUNTY. 53 CrEHOA township is the central portion of what was originally organized as " Milton," January 27, 1789, ten years prior to the formation of Cayuga County. The population of Milton in 1800 was 3,553. Locke was taken off in 1802; the name changed April 6, 1808, to " Genoa," and in 1810, with its limits reduced by a township, the population was 5,425. In 1820, after giving off territory on the north and on the south, reducing the town to its present boundary, the population was 2,585, being 223 more than the census returns of 1865, forty- five years intervening. Genoa lies in the south-west corner of the County, is 4 miles across in latitude, and 10 miles long. Cayuga Lake is- the western boundary. The land along the shore rising rather abruptly a mile inland, abounds in deep ravines, sporting slender streams, whirling and eddying over the shale rock, of which the base of the soil is formed. From thence to the summit ridge, the rolling surface rises gradually to an elevation of 600 feet above the lake, the soil a rich clay loam, forming pleasant situations and beautiful landscapes. From the summit ridge still eastward, the declivities appear in rapid succession, often abruptly, 50 to 150 feet, to Little Salmon Creek. The east branch, Big Salmon, is divided from the west branch by beautifully rolling lands, extensively known as the "Indian Fields," the site of an Indian village. The eastern part of the town may be regarded as the third undulating swell of land, still rising from the Lake ; the soil predominating to a rich,, friable, sandy loam. Genoa, (p. v.) on Big Salmon Creek, contains 2 churches, 2 flour- ing mills, an extensive furnace and machine shop, 1 hotel, a village school and several stores; population 285. Northville, (King's Ferry p. o.) 4 J miles west of Genoa, in the north-west part of the town, has 2 churches, 1 hotel, 1 school, several stores, and a vigor- ous grain and country produce trade; population 2C0. Five Cor- ners {]). V.) contains a church, a school and about 35 dwellings. — Fast Genoa and Little Holloio are hamlets. The town has two landings on the Lake, King's Ferry and Atwater's. The pioneer history of Genoa has been almost wholly left to pass away with the heroic fathers and mothers, whose memory alone is the stereotype whence we might print, were they still ac- cessible, interesting and reliable sketches, now gone forever. The following notes of the first settlers have been carefully sifted out of the traditions obtained from more than a score of the " oldest in- habitants" now living in the town. All of them are sons and daughters of honored pioneer settlers ; several were youthful wit- nesses of the "first ground broken," in their respective parts of the town. John Clark, from Washington County, N. Y., was the first settler, within the j^resewHimits of the town, in 1790; Ebenezer D 54 CAYUGA COUNTY. Hopkins tind Joseph Hadley settled over in what is now Lansing iu the same year ; also Peres-, Gilbert, Thurston and Jonathan Brownell, and Thomas Manchester, settled north of the present town line, (now Ledyard,) in 1790. El>in Guthrie, John King, Nathaniel Walker and others, eam-e frotn the Wyoming valley in 1791. David King had first com* to Springport in 1790, where David King, Jr., was born, Dec. 16, 1790', the first white child born in the "Settlements." The nex-t yea^r, (1791,) Gov^ George Clinton ordered the " squatters" all driven off the Springport Res- ervation, by a Sheriff' and posse of 50 men. King and some 12 or 13 other fomilies were turned adriftjaiad their houses burned. Sev- eral of them settled over in Genoa; Kii>g early in the fall of 1791. Samuel Clark eaiiie on to " Indian Fielels," over in Veniee, and his son William was one of theifirst on the " Fields," in Genoa. Wm. Clark came from Washington County, N. Y., early in the spring of 1792; Wm. Miller Clark. at the same time; Daniel Heath also. John Kelsey and his son Ansel, from Susquehanna, came as early as 1791, and bought 20U acres where the Presbyterian church in Genoa village now stands. Gamaliel Terry ,-a soldier in the Revo- luition, came in 1792, from Salisbury, Conn. Capt. Roger Moore, W;ho was taken prisoner in the war of the Revolution, and sent to England with Col. Etliadi Allen, came in 1793,and drew two military lots; five sons and two daughters came with him. Benjamin Close, Joluu Moe, JonathanMead, John Weeks and Danitel Wilson, came in the same year, (1793.;) The years 1790-1-2 and 3, bad brought twelire families into the town. Benjamin Close opened his house for public worship in 1793, and probably the first PresbyteriUn church of the town wae organized soon after, at Northville. In 1794 there were 34 families in the town. Jabez Bradley, the first settler at Northville, had come from Lee, Berkshire County, Mass. in the month of February, 1794 ; and Dan. Bradley was born to him May 1 , 1794. Dan was the first male child born' in the town. Heman Bradley, Einathan Close, Israel Mead and Samuel Wilson came the same year. Paul Barger and Wm. Jessup, from Eng- land, Hendersons, Armstrongs, Smiths, Tidds, Barneses, Thorps, Lyons, Woods, Palmers, Wilsons, Bothwells and others, came in from 1794 to 1800. Genoa at the present date contains 7 churches and 13 schools. The census of 1865 gives the town an area of 24,323 acres. JjR^ was formed from Cato, March 10, 1821, and a part re- annexed to that town in 1824. It is located on the east border of the county, north of the centre. The streams are creeks and small brooks, and the surfiice is rolling, the summits of the ridges rising 70 to 75 feet above the valleys, and 22f' to 275 feet above the level of Lake Ontario. Red sandstone underlies the soil, which is a very productive sandy loam. CAYUGA COUNTY. 55 Ira Centre, (Ira p. o.) the only village, contains 2 churches and about 130 inhabitants. The first settlements were made by David, Eleazur and Andrew Stockwell, three brothers, from Whitehall, who settled on lot 58 ; Wm. Patterson, on lot 32, and Henry Conrad, (a German,) on the same lot, all in 1805. Among others who were early settled in this town we may mention Daniel Parker, on lot 09, John C. Barnes and Rev. Silas Barnes, on lot 70, and Zadoc Barnes, on lot 83, all from Marcellus, and Edward Wood from Sennett, on lot 89, in 1802; Archibald and Charles Green, on lot 70, in 1803 ; Eli Matti- son and Abraham Willey, from Connecticut, on lot 34 ; Henry Ferris and his son Augustus, from Saratoga County, on lot 71, in 1804 ; and Thomas Barnes, from Washington County, at Ira Corners, in ]805. Dr. Squire, the first physician, taught the first school, in 1805 ; David Stockwell kept the first inn, in 1800 ; Samuel and Israel Phelps the first store, at Ira Corners, in 1813, and John Hooker erected the first grist mill, in 1818. The first child born was Polly, daughter of David Stockwell, in April 1802; the. first marnaije was that of Eleazur Stockwell and Mariraret Noble, March 7, 1802, and the first death that of the wife of Rev. Silas Barnes, in 1802. The first church (Cong.)was formed at Ira Corners, July 7, 1807, by Rev. Francis Porneroy. Rev. Silas Barnes was the first preacher. The census of 1805 gives the town an area of 21,902 acres. LED Y AMD was formed from Scipio Jan. 30, 1823, and was named after Benjamin Ledyard, agent and clerk for the apportion- ment of lands in the Military Tract. It lies on the east bank of Cayuga Lake, south-M'cst of the centre of the County. The surface inclines toward the west, its extreme east border being elevated 500 to GOO feet above the lake level. Generally the hill slopes are gradual, and the streams are small, rapid brooks, the principal one being Paine's Creek, which flows through a narrow ravine in the south part. The soil is very fertile, being a sandy and clayey loam. Aurora, [p. v.) on the east bank of Cayuga Lake, was incorpora- ted May 5, 18S7, and is beautifully situated, and commands a view of the most picturesque portions of the lake, which here widens out to about four miles. Among all the villages in this section of the State which are widely celebrated for their beauty, there is nothing to surpass the little village of Aurora. It contains some of the most elegant country residences west of the Hudson, and all that taste and wealth, aided by the lavish hand of Nature, can do to beautify the place, has been done. With its charming bay, beautiful walks and drives, splendid mansions and cultivated society, we know of no more delightful retreat in the whole circle of States. Here be- gan the first settlement in Cayuga County, and around it, as a 56 CAYUGA COUNTY. charmed spot, the best influences of civilization have lingered and lavished their countless blessings. In 1789, a number ot persons organized what was called the Little Lessee Company, and leased of the Indians the lands between the Cayuga and Owasco for a pe- riod of nine hundred and ninety-nine years. The same year, four members of the Company, living in Wysox, Penn., visited the tract and surveyed it into lots of one hundred and sixty acres each, and also raised some corn and vegetables, which they buried where Aurora now stands. In March, 1790, Capt. Roswell Franklin, White, Elisha Durkee and Deacon Atw ell, left Wysox, with their families, in sleighs, to make a permanent settlement in the wilderness of Central New York. They ascended the Susquehanna on the ice, as far as was practicable, and then made their way across the country to Newtown, now Elmira. From this place their route lay to the head of Seneca Lake, and the journey was long and laboi'ious. The cold was intense, rocks and thick forests blocked their way, torrents were to be crossed whose angry waters threatened to sweep them to destruction ; but unflinching resolution conquered every obstacle, and the party reached the head of Seneca Lake, where they encamped several days for rest from their priva- tions. At the head of the lake they found a boat, abandoned by Sullivan's expedition eleven years previous. This they repaired, and as soon as the weather became favorable, set sail, leaving one or two young men to drive the team and a few domestic animals. They sailed down the lake without difficulty, and thought their hardships almost at an end; but in this they were disappointed. — At the rapids of Seneca River, where now stands the village of Sen- eca Falls, they were obliged to unload half of their cargo and then return for the remainder. Only those necessary to manage the boat ventured to proceed down the rapids in her, the women and children making their way on foot. The men unloaded the boat and returned to make the second trip, wading a part of the way up to the waist in the cold water, in order to get the boat up stream. When they reached the head of the rapids, night came on, and they were obliged to stay there, leaving the women and children below, alone. The latter, meanwhile, aware of the dangers of the falls, supposed that the current had dashed the frail craft against the rocks, sacrificing all her precious freight. A storm came up, adding to the terror of their situation, and they wandered up and down the river bemoaning their sad condition, till the foiling snow compelled them to gather around a little fire. But in the morning, to their great joy, the boat arrived safely, and took the weary company onboard. On reaching Cayuga Lake, they found it full of ice, and were obliged to cut a passage for the boat. It took several daj^s, in this labori- ous manner, to make a distance of five miles. They encamped on the shore, and one morning when they awoke, they found the ice CAYUGA COUNTY. 57 had all disappeared, having been swept away by a south wind. — Having now a clear sea, Capt. Franklin and his party soon con- cluded their long and perilous journey. They landed at Aurora early in April, and there formed a permanent settlement. The provisions buried the previous autumn were found undisturbed and in good condition, and these formed a seasonable supply of food. — Their first care was to erect temporary dwellings for their families, and Mr. Edward Paine, Jr., whose lather came on in the early part of summer, says that Stephen Franklin and himself nestled in a cabin of their own building, four feet by six, and made of long shingles. On his way to the Lake country, Capt. Franklin stored a quan- tity of grain at Tioga Point, and also deposited there a barrel of pork and another of flour. Soon after the company arrived at Au- rora, Capt. Franklin's son Roswell, and Wm. White, returned for these provisions. On arriving at the Point, however, they found the pork and flour had been eaten up, or otherwise disposed of, and the mill burned, with the grain stored in it. They then proceeded down the Susquehanna to Wysox, where they procured a small quantity of rye, threshed and ground it, and returned to Aurora, where the little colony had been five weeks without bread. To- ward autumn, the condition of the settlers materially improved ; some of the Indians brought fish and game which they exchanged for such articles as the settlers could spare ; the forest furnished an abundance of berries, and a goodly supply of Indian plums, and apples was obtained^ In new settlements at that day, iron was better than gold, and our pioneers were fortunate in i^rocuring a supply of that article. Hatchets, knives, arrow-heads, and gun barrels of the best French manufacture, were found and made to serve their purpose. Among the pioneers who came to Aurora, in 1791, was Seth Phelps, an insolvent merchant, who brought with him little more than a barrel of rum. Capt. Franklin, who, after much hardship, seems to have been enjoying the favors of fortune, received him kindly, supplied him, in his poverty, with a team and utensils, and when Phelps bi-ought on his family, generously took them into his own house, where they lived through the summer, free of all ex- pense. Franklin and his company, on emigrating from Pennsyl- vania, expected to lease the land from the Indians, who then pos- sessed it; but in this they were disappointed. With the exception of a tract about fifty miles square, of reserved territory, the Indian title to the military tract was extinguished by the Albany treaty of 1788-89. The principal reservations lay on both sides of Cayuga Lake, extending back four miles from either shore, and from Auro- ra north to Montezuma Salt Springs. When the Military Tract was surveyed out, Capt. Franklin's house and half of his improve- 58 CAYUGA COUNTY. ments were found to be on the Eeservation. This was through no lack of care on his part, but the Indians claim that fifteen or twenty other families had purposely settled on their reserved lands, and Governor Clinton issued a proclamation directing the intruders to withdraw from the Reservation. • As they paid no attention, he sent a body of troops to enforce it, and they did the work thorough- ly, burning every house but one, throwing the families on the chari- ty of their friends. Capt. Franklin's dwelling being near the line, his request that the sheriff would allow him to remain till spring, and see if he could not satisfy the Indians, was granted. Meantime he set about securing the title to the lot adjoining the reservation, on which his improvements had been made. Neither he nor PhelDS were able to pay for it, but the latter agreed to go east and see if he could raise the money to make the purchase for himself and his friend. Beauschaten, a Revolutionary soldier, owned the six hun- dred and forty acres on which Aurora now stands, and he named $600 as his price for it. A. Mr. Walworth, by Phelps' request, ad- vanced the amount for half of the lot, and for a trifling considera- tion in addition, gave to Phelps the remaining half, thus disposses- sing Capt. Franklin entirely. This act of ingratitude caused the death of Capt. Franklin, who now growing old and infirm, met this great misfortune as the climax to a life of sorrow, and believed himself forsaken by God and man. He sank into a forlorn and pitiable frame of mind, and although closely watched by his friends, shot himself, near his dwelling. He had previously attempted to hang himself by fastening a rope to a limb of a tree, and leaping from a bluff. In the last fiital attempt, he placed the muzzle of his gun to his ear, and discharged it by means of a stick. Thus died the first settler in Cayuga County, a man in every way Avorthy of esteem and veneration. Phelps gave his widow a deed of two acres of ground adjoining the Reservation, including a portion of the improvements made by her husband. Aurora was the first county seat of Onondaga County, and in 1799, when Cayuga County was organized, the Court of Common Pleas was held at Cayuga Ferry ; but in 1804 the county seat was moved back to Aurora, and here the first Court House was erected. It was made of half a dozen posts set in the ground, with poles rest- ing on them, covered with brush. The first house in Cayuga Co. was erected here by Capt. Franklin, and every settler within a distance of fifty miles, assisted in the undertaking. They numbered thirteen, and were assisted by several Indians. The house was lo- cated a little north of the old residence of Jonathan Richmond, and was abont 14 feet square. Jonathan Richmond settled in Aurora in 1791, Walter Wood in 1794, Eleazer Burnham in 1799, and Chris. Morgan in 1800. The Cayuga Academy was founded in 1799, though not chartered and built till 1801. Under the direction of Salem CAYUOA COUNTY. 59 Town, this Academy afterward became the pride of the place, and was one of the principal institutions of learning in Western New York. It still maintains a high rank among the schools of the State. In 1798, Mr. Morgan opened his store, which, passing into possession of his sons, at his death, has been by them conducted till the present time. It is the oldest mercantile house west of the Hudson. In 1803, an old Indian, named John, murdered Mr. Crane, one of the oldest settlers of Seneca County, and, after a hard strug- gle, was captured and had his trial at Aurora, in 1804, before Judge Tompkins. He was sentenced to be hung. The sentence was carried into execution, notwithstanding his desire to be shot, and his skeleton is now in possession of a resident of Aurora. This was the first case of capital punishment in Cayuga County. In 1797, the F. and A. M. formed an organization, and in 1819 they erected a fine lodge building. In 1817, Roswell Towsley built a mill in the village, and the same year the first church was built. — About 1822, the first steamer commenced its trips on Cayuga Lake, adding new life and vigor to the place. Millard Fillmore received his education in Aurora, and there commenced the study of law, with Judge Walter Wood. The village has had the honor of being the residence of such men as Salem Town, Palmer, the sculptor, and is now the home of Henry Wells, Esq., the founder of the Express business, and President of the American Express Co., Wells & Fargo's Express, and Wells & Butterfield's Express ; Hon. E. B. Morgan, and Dr. Alexander Thompson, a name well known to the horticulturists of New York. "Wells Seminary," the gift of Henry Wells, Esq., to the cause of Female education, is now being built on a beautiful spot in the south part of the village, on a lot adjoining " Glen Park," the ele- gant residence of Mr. Wells. The building was commenced in April, 1866, and will be completed in the summer of 1868, and opened in the fall of that year. It is built in the Norman style of architecture, with tucked joints, fourteen gables and two towers. The entrance is through a fine portico, with grained arches, and the students' rooms, parlors, etc., are large and convenient. A fine view of the bay and lake may be had from nearly every window in the building. In referring to this benevolent enterprise of Mr. Wells, we cannot refrain from giving our readers the following ac- count of the laying of the corner stone, which we find in the Roches- ter Democrat of July 21, 1866 :— "The village of Aurora, (which was incorporated in 1837,) is situated on the east bank of Cayuga Lake, contains some of the finest residences and grounds in the central portion of the State, and on account of its comparatively mild climate has become a place of considerable resort for invalids and men of leisure. Here, for the last fifteen years, has been the residence of Henry Wells, fa- 60 CAYUGA COUNTY. miliar to the country as household worlds, from his position as President of the great American Express Company. Kich in this world's goods, with a heart filled with generous impulses, and a sagacity which ever directs those impulses to act where humanity will be blessed, he has long cherished the idea of founding an insti- tution where females could receive an education suited to their na- tures, and to the sphere in which they are destined to move. He has accordingly given a delightful site overlooking the lake, and separated from his own splendid residence by one of those wild but beautiful ravines with which the landscape on either side of this lake is so regularly indented, and commenced and carried to com- pletion the first or basement story of a building for this purpose, which is to be built in the Norman style of architecture, 110 by 135 feet, and two stories high, besides the basement, on a plan drawn by S. B. Mandelle, who also superintends the building. The estimated cost is from seventy-five to one hundred thousand dollars. "The corner stone of this noble structure was laid on Thursday the 19th inst., with simple but impressive ceremonies. "At the hour appointed Mr. James H. Wells made the following announcement : "Friends and neighbors! In conformity witli tlie wishes of Mr. Henry Wells, the pleasant duty of laying the corner stone of the Wells Seminary, with a few apj^ropriate ceremonies, will now be performed. The order will be as follows : " 1st. Prayer by the Rev. Dr. Hopkins, of Auburn. " 2d. Founder's Address, read, at the request of Mr. Wells, by the Rev. W. W. Howard. "od. Laying of the corner stone by Mr. Wells, assisted by his son Charles. " 4th. Responding Address by W. H. Bogart. " 5th. Doxology. " 6th. Benediction. " In accordance with the above programme. Dr. Hopkins offered prayer, and the Rev. W. W. Howard proceeded to read an address, in which Mr. Wells set forth his views in regard to female educa- tion, and the object he had in view when he resolved upon and commenced the present undertaking. "After the close of the address, a copper bo.x was produced, in which Mr. Charles Wells placed a piece of the first log cabin built in Aurora, and a piece of the stump on which the owner pounded the corn for his family's bread. This cabin — the first in Cayuga, or in several adjoining counties, was erected in Oct, 1789, by Ros- well Franklin. At the raising there were twelve white men ; that being all that then resided within fifty miles. The stump was an oak one, and stood beside the cabin. These relies of a former day were presented to Col. E. D. Morgan almost fifty years ago by Mr. Franklin for preservation. Then followed a perfect set of the coins of the United States; two Confederate notes; a copy of the Rise and Progress of the Express System of the United States, a CATUGA COUNTY. 61 pamphlet by Mr. Wells, and a copy of the Rochester Daily Demo- crat of that mornino; ; when'the box was sealed, deposited in its re- ceptacle, and the corner stone swunfj to its place. With the tap, tap, of the silver trowel from the hand of Mr. Wells and a favored daughter, and the following words of dedication from the former, the ceremony was completed : "Friends : this building, the corner stone of whicli I have just laid, I dedicate with its surroundings to the cause of female education ; trusting that, •with Heaven's blessing, it may long continue an ornament to your village and a bene- tit to our country. "Responding Address. — Secretary Seward, who feels a deep in- terest in the success of this institution, had given some encourage- ment that he would honor the occasion with his presence and de- liver the responding address, but the present position of public af- fairs requiring his presence in Washington, he had written to be excused, and Wm. H. Bogart was selected to fill his place. A bet- ter selection could not have been made. A gentleman, a fine scholar, a writer of note, and a splendid orator, much was expected of him, and none who listened to his address were disappointed. — For an impromptu effort we have seldom heard it equalled — never excelled. "At its conclusion the audience joined in the long meter doxolo- gy, ' Praise God from whom all blessings flow,' &c. " The benediction was pronounced in an impressive manner by the venerable Dr. Wisner, of Ithaca, a ' Father in Israel,' who al- though he has numbered his eighty-five years, carries in his re- markably vigorous frame a youthful heart, warmly sympathizing with every well directed effort to bless mankind." TalcotCs Corners., (^Ledyard p. o.) near the south-east corner, contains 2 churches and about a dozen dwellings. Levanna [p. v.) is a steamboat landing, two miles north of Aurora. Joshua Patrick kept the first inn, at Aurora, in 1793 ; Betsy Durkee was the first child born in the town. T. Wheeler built the first mill, a little north of Aurora. The census of 18(55 gives the town an area of 20,422 acres. LOCKE was formed from "Milton,'''' (now Genoa,) February 20, 1802; Summer Hill was set off in 1831. It lies in the south part of the County, on the high ridges bordering on Owasco Inlet, which flows through it near the center, in a narrow valley, border- ed by hills ranging from 200 to 400 feet above its level. The sum- mits widen out into a beautiful, undulating region, with a mean ele- vation of 1000 feet above tide. The soil consists of a gravelly loam interspersed with clay. Milan, [Locke p. o.) on the south branch of Owasco Inlet, near the center of the town, is a smart little village, containing several stores and mechanic shops. Centreville is a hamlet. 62 CATUOA COUNTY. Ezra Carpenter, James Cook James Durell and Solomon Love, made the first settlement, in 1790, A daughter of James Durell was the first child born. The first store was kept at Milan, by Aaron Kellogg; James Cook, was the first inn-keeper ; Mr. Durell erected the first grist mill, and Lyman Brown the first factory, in 1810. The first church (M. E.) was organized in 1819. Traces of an Indian burying ground are still visible, covering about two acres of ground, between two deep gulfs, half a mile west of Milan. The graves are distributed in rows east and west. This is one of the very few relics of the aborigines extant in this historic region. The census of 1865 gives the town an area of 14,515 acres. 3IENTZ V'^as formed from Aurelius, as " Jeflerson," March 30, 1802, and its name was changed April 6, 1808. Montezuma and a partof Throop were taken off in 1859. The town lies north- west of the center of the County, on the Seneca River, and its sur- face is generally flat, with a few low sand ridges near the south border. A swampy region borders on the river. Owasco Outlet is the principal stream, and flows through the center. Red shale, gypsum and lime stone, constitute the underlying rocks. The soil is a clayey, sandy and gravelly loam. Port Byron, [p. v.) is near the center of the town, on the Owasco Outlet and Erie Canal, one mile south of the New York Central Rail Road Station, and seven miles north of Auburn, with which it is connected by stage. It is situated in a vallfey, on whose sur- rounding hills some of the primitive forests are yet standing. It occupies the greater partof Lot 73, in the former township of Au- relius, that lot having been the purchase of two brothers, Aholiab and Elijah Buck, who settled on it in 1798. Among other early settlers were Philip King and Seth Higby, from Saratoga county, on lot 72, and Josiah Patridge, from Massachusetts, on lot 73, in 1797 ; Daniel Loveland, from Vermont, on lot 49, in 1799 ; Peter Rausier and Moses Lent, from Owego, on lot 02, in 1800; James Dixon, Joseph Hamilton and Ira Hopkins, from Washington County, and Caleb Hopkins, from New Jersey, on lot 85, from 1800 to 1804. The chief natural advantage of lot 73, now Port Byron, was the excellent water power aflbrded by Owasco Outlet, which is a nev- er failing stream, and hei-e, in its course through this lot, has a fall of from ten to fifteen feet, constituting the only water power in the village. This valuable water privilege was soon transferred by the Buck brothers to one Aikin, on condition that he should erect a mill thereon. The condition was fulfilled, and the mill duly put in operation, whereupon a thriving settlement was rapidly formed under the name of Bucksville. The Erie Canal was built about the year 1815, and its course was directly through this lot, from east to west. This was con- CATUGA COUNTY. 63 sidered a grand enterprise, and such indeed it was, and it gaMe a new impetus to the thriving little town of Bucksville, as it did to many others along its course. The village soon became one of the best grain markets in that section of the State. Storage and for- warding houses, dry goods stores, groceries and mills, soon sprung up, and the population began to increase. In 1825 the name of the place was changed to Port Byron, and a village charter was grant- ed it, under that name, March 2, 1837. Churches and school houses were put up, and the population increased to some 1500. In 1828, Mr. Beach settled in the place, purchased the water pow- er on the Outlet, and built a raceway, two miles in length, thereby securing a head of twenty feet, Mr. Beach put up a mill with ten run of stone, capable of manufacturing five hundred barrels of flour per day. This was at that time, and for a number of years there- after, the largest and best constructed flouring mill in the State. — The building was 120 feet long, fifty wide, with a store-house at- tached, 80 by 40 feet, and an overshot wheel 22 feet in diameter. It was situated on the west side of the Outlet, and on the south bank of the Canal, and had a branch canal under a portion of the store-house, which afforded great facilities for loading and unload- ing boats. The building cost $60,000, and employed 20 to 30 hands. A cooper shop, built of stone, 200 feet long, was con- nected with it, and supplied a part of the barrels used by the mill. The employment which this enterprise furnished, and the trafl^c it built up, was of great importance to the prosperity of the village. In 1833 the place contained 3 churches, 9 dry goods stores and 4 taverns. The direct line of the Central Railroad from Syracuse to Roch- ester, was built in 1851, and operated detrimentally to the interests of the place by dividing its trade with other towns along the route, and carrying much of it to Syracuse. About 1856 the enlargement of the Erie Canal was determined on. A part of the inhabitants of Port Byron advocated enlargement on the existing line, while oth- ers insisted that it ought to take a new route through another portion of the village. The latter were finally successful, and a new channel was cut directly through the most beautiful part of the village, destroying much of its beauty and injuring its business to some extent. The canal is now 70 feet wide, 7 deep, and its banks are laid up with round stone all through the line, while in this village they are faced with cut stone. There are four iron bridges spanning it in this place, and there is here a large double lock, with a lift of about twelve feet. The first school was established in 1800. In 1857, a charter was obtained for a school under the title of the "Port Byron Free School and Academy," and in 1859, a lot of one and a half acres of land was purchased, and a substantial brick building, 60x50 feet, 64 CAYUGA COUNTY. and 3 stories high, was erected, which is capable of accommodating four hundred pupils. The school is supported by tax on the property of the district, except the Academic department, which is maintained by tuition fees. The institution is under the superinten- dence of a Principal, and is managed by a board of nine trustees. It has a good library and scientific apparatus. It is classified into primary, junior, intermediate, senior and academic departments. A weekly paper is published at Port Byron, which affords a good local advertising medium, and is well sustained by the residents of the village and surrounding country. The present poj^ulation is about 1200. There are four churches in the village, viz : Presby- terian, Methodist, Baptist and Catholic. Brigham Young, theMor- man Saint, was formerly a resident of Port Byron. Centreport is a small settlement on the canal, in the east part of the town. The census of 1805 gives the town an area of 9,272 acres. MONTEZUMA was formed from Mentz April 8, 1859. It lies on the west border of the County, in the north-west angle of the great easterly bend in Seneca River. The great swamp known as the Montezuma Marshes, extends along the river. Cayuga Brook is the principal stream. Brine springs exist along the Seneca River. The soil is mainly a clayey loam. Montezuma [p. v.) is in the west part of the town, on Seneca River, and is the point of junction of the Seneca and Cayuga Canals. Salt and a few other articles are manufactured. Salt was first made at Montezuma about 1798 ; but about 1840 the business was abandoned in consequence of the brine being too weak to compete successfully with the springs at Salina and Syracuse. But since that time stronger springs have been discovered, and the manufac- ture of salt has been ♦esumed. The springs are the property of the State. The population of the place is about 500, Settlement was first made in 1798, by Peter Clark, from New York city. Comfort Tyler and Abram Morgan, who settled at Montezuma for the purpose of manufacturing salt. The first church (Bap.) was formed in 1803, by Rev. John Jefli'ies. There are now 3 churches in town. The census of 1865 gives the town an area of 9,866 acres. JSTOjB 4 FjLI was formed from Sempronius March 20, 1833. It lies in the south-east part of the County, upon Owasco Lake and Inlet. The surface consists of a rolling upland, broken by the deep and narrow valleys of the Owasco Inlet and its branches. These valleys are 300 to 400 feet below the hill summits, and are bor- dered by steep, and, in some places, perpendicular sides. Upon the streams in the ravines are several beautiful cascades, furnishing an abundance of water power. Mill Brook,below its junction with Trout Brook, flows over a precipice 80 feet high. Upon the east CAYUGA COUNTY. 65 tributary of the Inlet, near the south border, is a cascade known as Dry Falls, from the circumstance that in summer the stream ceases to flow. A little below this cascade is a circular recess in the face of a perpendicular precipice, 42 feet deep, and surrounded by a lime- stone arch 55 feet high and 125 feet long. Upon this arch rises a lofty hill, covered with primitive forest trees. A large spring of carburetted hydrogen gas, highly inflammable, exists on the lowlands, near the lake. Among the hills the soil is a gravelly loam mixed with clay, and in the valleys it consists of a rich loam, composed of gravel and disintegrated slate and limestone. In this town is one of those numerous valleys which are a peculiar characteristic of the surflice formation of Central New York. From its contiguity to the neighboring lake it has long been known as Owasco Flats. — The land is elevated some 300 or 400 feet at the head of the lake, and the decline to the valley is, in some places, so precipitous as to make the passage of vehicles impossible. The Flats stretch southward from the lake, for a distance of 5 miles, when the valley narrows into a winding ravine, thus continuing for many miles, oc- casionally expanding its confines to give place to a quiet hamlet. — These flats were partly cultivated by the Indians, prior to white settlement, and still bear traces of ancient occupation. In this valley, three miles south-east of Owasco Lake, is situated the pleasant village of Moravia. It is located on Mill Brook, whose rapids and cascades furnish at this point an abundant water power. As early as 1789, several settlers from adjoining town- ships came to the valley, then merely a rich meadow, and obtained a good supply of hay. Among them were Gideon Pitts and Jon- athan Brownell, from Genoa,and Jonathan Richmond, from Ledyard. The following year the same persons visited the place and planted about eight acres of corn, and afterward cut another crop of hay. But the first permanent settler was John Stoyell, an enterprising New England farmer, who moved to the valley in 1791, and after- ward purchased a large tract of land, including the site of the present village of Moravia. Three years after he was followed by his brother Amos, Winslow Perry and Jabez L. Bottom. In 1794 they were followed by Gershom Morse and Moses Little, and in 1795 by Cotton Skinner. The first birth was that of Seth, son of Winslow and Rachael Perry, in 1794 ; the first marriage that of Jonathan Eldridge and Sally Perry, in 1795 ; and the first death that of Cynthia Wright, April 5, 179G. The first school was taught by Levi Goodrich, in 1797; Zadoc Cady was the first inn- keeper, in 1801, and David Wright the first store-keeper. John Stoyell built the first mill. In the town of Sempronius, a district 10 miles square, in January, 1794, were 26 persons; in 1810, 3,137 ; in 1820, 5,033. In 1810 the village contained six frame houses and about 100 inhabitants. It increased about 100 in the succeeding 12 66 CAYUGA COUNTY. years, and in 1833 there were over 400 inhabitants. The present population is about 1000. John Knapp established a large tanner}- in the place in 1830, and a large cotton mill was built by a com- pany in the following year, both of which contributed greatly to the material prosperity of the place. In 1833 the village sufiered from an inundation which destroyed considerable valuable property. About the year 1818, Jethro Wood, a resident of Moravia, con- structed the cast iron plow, the first complete plow ever manufac- tured of cast iron. Elias Rogers was at that time engaged in mak- ing steelyards in the village, for which he cast weights, melting the iron over a blacksmith's fire in a kettle fixed for the purpose. — Wood learned of this, and called on Rogers to make a set of pat- terns for his newly invented plow. Rogers complied, and afterward yielded reluctantly to Mr. Wood's importunities to cast him a plow. The thing was considered foolish and visionary, — as have been most of the great reforms in mechanics, — by all who heard of it, but the plow was finally cast over a blacksmith's fire, in a building yet standing on the premises of Elias Rogei's, and the wooden port'ons attached in a building which occupied the site of the furnace. It was tried on a piece of land since owned by Abel Adams, and was found to be a success so far as the general principles involved in its construction were concerned. From this humble effort sprang up a large and flourishing manufiicturing business, which became an important feature in the man ufiictu ring interests of Moravia and the country at large. Arrangements were made whereby Mr. Rogers supplied the inventor with plow castings for a year or two, having built a furnace for that purpose near the stone mill bridge, the machinery being driven by water drawn from the saw mill dam of Deacon John Stoyell. Getting into somedifticulty regarding the water privilege, ho removed to Montvilleand built a log furnace near the spot where the grist mill now stands, and began, in company with Mr. George Lathrop, the manufacture of plows. This was the first regular establishment for the manufacture of cast iron plows of which any account is given. This building was soon burned down and another put up on the same site, and afterward the location was changed to the foot of Montville Falls. Here the plow busi- ness began to be made a distinct branch of manufjxcture, thousands being turned out annually. '^Tliey sold at $15 to $18 apiece, Wood receiving $1 on each plow sold. This indefatigable firm continued their business up to 1833, when, in the fearful storm of July, in that year, the establishment was swept away, and the bus- iness connection of this firm with it ceased. The village has several times sutfercd from floods, but still has held steadily on its way and is now the most important place in that section ©f the County. It contains a bank, the Moravia Instituti^, a foundry, machine shop and furnace, spoke fiictory, two grist mills. CAYUGA COUNTY. 67 two good hotels, three churches, and a printing office from which n good weekly paper is issued. The Institute was established as an Academy in 183(5, and is in a prosperous condition. There are also two district schools in the place. The new Southern Central Rail- road is located through this village, and is likely to add much to the growth and prosperity of the place. The grounds of the Mo- ravia Agricultural Society are in the south part of the village. — Sylvan Grove Lodge, F. and A. M., was organized in 1810 and chartered in 1811, with DeWitt Clinton as Grand Master. St. John Baptist's Chapter was also organized in 1810 and chartered in 1813. The first church (Cong.) was formed in 180G, Rev. Royal Phelps being the first pastor. One mile east of Moravia is the little village of MoiUville, where the stream has a fall of 60 feet, furnishing a good water power which is improved to some extent. A pail factory is being built at this place. There is also a cascade on what is called West Hill, a mile and a^half from Moravia, which is 100 feet high, and o^er which a large stream passes except in very dry seasons. The census of 1805 gives the town an area of 17,024 acres. N'lLlSS was formed from Sempronius, March 20, 1833. It lies south-east of the center of the County, between Cwasco and Skaneateles Lakes. The surface consists mainly of a hilly and roll- ing upland, whose extreme summits lie 700 feet above Owasco l^ake. Toward Owasco the declivities are gradual, but toward Skaneateles they are more abrupt. Dutch IIollow Brook flows north, through near the center, and is bordered by steep, high banks. On the highest point of land, three miles east of Owasco Lake, is a quarry of superior flagging stone. The soil is a gravelly and clayey loam. Kelloggsville, (p. v.) in the south part, contains 2 churches and about 30 dwellings ; New Hope, {p. v.) in the south-east part, con- tains a church, grist mill, saw mill, and about a dozen dwellings; Niles^ {p. 0.) in the north part, West Hiles, Twelve Corners, and Nine Corners, are hamlets. The first settlements were made in 1793, the earliest settlers be- ing Garrett Conover, and his sons, John and Aaron, Isaac Selovei", James Brinkerhofl' and William Bowen. The first child born was Sally Amerman, in 1798. The cen-us of 1865 gives the town an area of 23,592 acres. OWASCO V.' as tbrmed from Aurelius, March 30, 1802. It lies south-east of the center of the County, and east of the foot of Owasco Lake. The surface is rolling, with a northwesterly inclina- tion. It slopes gradually upward from the lake, till the highest summits reach an elevation of 500 feet. The only streams are Miller's Brook, in the north part, and Owasco Creek, flowing west across the south part. The soil consists of a clayey loam. 68 CATUGA COUNTY. Owitsco, (j). V.) in the south-east corner, contains 2 churches and about 50 dwellings. The first settlements were made in 1792, the pioneers being Samuel and Benjamin De Puy, Moses CartWright, and Jacob and RoelitrBrinkerhoff. The first inn was kept by Cornelius Delama- ter, in 1800 ; James Burrows kept the first store, in 1807 ; and David Bovier built the first grist mill, in 1798. The first church was formed in 1798, by Hev. Abram Brokaw. This town is the residence of ex-Governor Throop, who, at the advanced age of 83, still lives in the enjoyment of health and activity, ct-owned with the clustering honors of a long life of public usefulness, after most of his political compeers have passed from the scenes of earth. Tlie census of 1865 gives the town an area of 11,845 acres. SCTPIO wiis one of the original towns, having been formed March 5, 1794. Sempronius was taken oft' in 1799; a partof Mar- cellus, (Onondaga Co.,) in 1804 ; Ledyard, Venice and a part of Springport, in 1823. It is located on the west shore of Owasco Lake, south of the center of the County, and has a rolling surface, the highest summits being 500 feet above the lake. A steep bluff', 20 to 50 feet high, extends along the lake, and from its summit the land slopes gradually upward for about a mile. The streams are nothing but mere brooks, and the soil is a clayey loam. Scipio Center [Scipio j). o.) contains 2 churches and about 80 in- habitant-!; Scipioville (p. V.) near the west line, is about the same size, as also is Sherwood''s, (p. v.) near the south-west corner. The Square, (p. o.) in the north-west part, and BoWs Corners, in the south part, are hamlets. In 1790 the first settlements were made, Elisha Durkee, Henry Watkins, Gilbert and Alanson Tracy, Samuel Branch, Ebenezcr Witter and Gideon Alien, being the pioneers. The first child born was Betsy Durkee, Dec. 5, 1790; the first marriage was that of William Allen and Betsy Watkins, June 25, 1793. William Daniels taught the first school, in 1798, and Dr. Strong kept the first store, in 1808. The first religious services were held by El- der David Irish, in 1794, and the first church (Baptist,) was formed the same year. The census of 1865 gives the town an area of 23,963| acres. SEMmO^IUS ^Viis formed March 9, 1799, and a part an- nexed to Marcellus, (Onondaga Co.,) March 24, 1804, and Moravia and Niles, March 20, 1833. It lies on Skaneateles Lake, in the south-east part of the County. From the valley formed by the lake and inlet, the hills rise abruptly to a height of 800 to 1000 feet, and from their summits the surface spreads out into a rolling and hilly upland, the highest points being 1,700 feet above tide. Mill Brook, flowing west. Bear Swamp Brook, north, and Fall Brook, south, have worn deep valleys in the drift deposits and shales. The CATUGA COUNTY. 69 soil is a good quality of clayey, sandy and gravelly loam, mixed with disintegrated slate and limestoiie. Dresserville, (p. v.) on Mill Brook, in the south part, contains about 30 dwellings ; Vansvilk, [Sempronhis p. o.) is a small vil- lage. Glen Haven, [p. o.) is a celebrated water cure establish- ment near the head of Skaneateles Lake. It is beautifully situated in the midst of romantic scenery^ and is supplied with pure, soft, spring waten The first settlement was made in 1794, by Ezekiel Sayles, J®- tham Bassett and Seth Burgess. Benj. Sayles was the first child born, in 1794, The fiJ'st marriage was that of Samuel Rice aiid Matilda Summerston, and the first death that of Samuel Rice. Cy- rus Powers taught the first school, in 1800 ; John Husted kept the first inn and store, and Artemus Dresser erected the first mill. — The first church, (Baptist,) was formed February, 29, 1798, Rev. John Lasure being the first preacher. The census of 1865 gives the town an area of 16,079 acres. SEWKETT w'&s formed from Brutus, March 19, 1827, and was named from Judge Daniel Sennett, an early pioneer. A por- tion ofThroop was taken off in 1859. It lies on the east border of the County, near the center, and has a level or gently undulating surface, the ridges rising in long, gradual slopes, 50 to 100 fCet above the valleys. Small brooks are the only streams. - The soil is a deep, fertile, clayey and sandy loam, and is under a high state of cultivation. Sennett {p. v.) is a station on the Auburn Branch of the New York Central Rail Road, and contains 2 churches and ' about 30 dwelliftofs. The first settlement was made in 1794^ by Ebenezer Heaiy, Jo- seph Atwell, Thomas Morley andThos. Morley, Jr., from Connecti- cut, on Lot 21, Judge Daniel Sennett, Amos Bennett, Jacob, Rn- fus and Daniel Sheldon, from Connecticut, settled on Lot 99, in 1795, In 1797, Jacob Hicks, a Revolutionary soldier, having drawn Lot 99, settled on it, Benjamin Miller, also a Revolutiona- ry soldier, settled on Lot 17, and Jabez Remmington and Hezekiah Ffeeman, from Vermont, on Lots 21 and 10. The first child born was Sally Smith, in 1795 ; the first marriage that of Nehemiah Smith and Mindevill Morley, in 1794 ; and the first death that of Thomas Morley, in 1795. Betsey Morley taught the first school, in 1795 ; Joseph Atwell kept the first inn, ia the same year, and Sheldon & Lathrop kept the first store. The first church (Baptist,) was formed Sept, 12, 1799, by Rev. Manasseh French, who was the first preacher. The census of 1865 gives the town an .area of 18,480 acres. 70 CAYUOA COUNTY. SPRINGPORT was formed from Scipio and Aurelius, January 30, 1823. It lies on the east shore of Cayuga Lake, south- west of the center of the County, The surface rise? in gradual slopes from the lake shore to the eastern border, \vl>ere it attains an elevation of 400 to 500 feet. Valuable beds of waterlime and plaster, and limestone quarries, exist on the shore of the lake, and along the ra.vanes, and are extensively worked. Two immense springs flow from the ground in the village, furnishing a valuable water power, and giving the name both to town and village. They are about 10 rods apart, and from the waters o^' the la?ger a mill pond, covering several acres, has been forfned, aflbrding water power sufficient to run a flouring mill with six rim of stone, a plas- ter mill, saw mill, and various other machinery. The water of the smaller spring propeJs the machinery of a planJng mill, saw mill and tannery. The s^oil is of superior quality, being a sa^ndy and gravelly loam, in places mixed with clay. The lake is so deep as to rarely freeze over, and the warmth of the watef modifies the intensity of the winter frosts essentially. Both climate and soil .are admirably adapted to fruit growing, to which considera/ble at- tention is paid. The culture of grapes is carried on in sorWe parts >©f the town with signal success. Union Springs •(/). v.) is beautifully situated on Cayuga Lake, south of the center of the town sjaid on its western border, and de- riives its name from the springs Issefore referred to. Much specula- tion has been indulged in as to tiie origin of these springs, hiii no- thing satisfactory and conclusivv>e';;has yet been determined as to their source. It has been thought that they come from Owaseo Lake, which is considerably higher than Cayuga, but geologists claim that the formation of the rocks in that locality will not admit of such a theory. A singular circiamstance exists in the fact that from two to four miles east of Cayuga Lake, large streams have beeii found forty-five feet under s:r©und, running from east to west. Edward Richardson dammed up the north spring about 1790, and a log grist mill was built there not long after ; but the other spring- was not used till several years thereafter. The view of the town approaching the lake is remarkably beautiful, as also is the view approaching it from .tlie lake. Opposite the village lies the little island of Frontenac, tlie only one to be found in the whole tier of the charminof lakes of Central New York. Street has immortalized the little isle in one of his most musical and delightful poems, en- titled " Frontenac: ■" • " Sweet Sylvan Lake ! one single gem Is iu thy liquid diadem ; No sister bath this little Isle To give its beauty smile for smile, Witli it to hear the blue birds sing — " Wake, leaves and flowers, here comes the spring," With it to weave for summer's tread. Mosses beneatli and bowers o'erhead. CAYUGA COUNTY. 71 With it to flash to gorgeous skies The opal pomp of autumn's dyes, And when the winter's tempests blow, To shrink beneath his robes of snow." The island is three-quarters of a mile from the village, contains about an acre of land, and was used as a place of burial by the In- dians, who inhabited the country around. Numerous relics of In- dian warfare and the chase, with many human bones, are still found on it. Frontenac was deeded to Union Springs by the Commis- sioners of the Land Office, acting under the provisions of legislative enactment, on condition that it should be kept and maintained as a parlv and pleasure ground. Not long after the deed was granted, the villagers held a public meeting and settled a plan for the im- provement of the island. The underbrush was cleared away, gravel walks made, and seats provided, making it a charming retreat. When the Cayugas sold their lands to the State, they refused to part with a strip four miles wide, running from Aurora to Monte- zuma. In 1789, William Richardson and several others had set- tled on this Reservation ; the Indians entered complaint against them, and the forces of the State compelled the intruders to seek elsewhere for plhce of settlement. Thus the land in this locality was not occupied permanently, as early as the section lying flirther to the south ; for no title could be secured till the Indians surren- dered the Reservation to the State. The remnant of the tribe lin- gered on the point south of the village, and one of the chiefs re- mained after his dusky friends and associates had all gone to the far west, saying it was "impossible for him to leave the beautiful water." After a time he died and was buried near the waters he so well loved. It is stated that a hamlet containing several dwellings and a store, had been built up before a building was erected in what is now Un- ion Springs ; but if such was the case not a trace of it remains at the present day. Like most of the early settled towns in the Coun- ty, this owed its location and subsequent gz'owth to its water power. The first mill was erected in the place about the time Harden- burgh's mills were put up in Auburn ; and, previous to this, some of the early settlers had to go eighty miles to get their grists ground. Edward Richardson became the first owner of the mill property, which was afterward transferred to one Longnecker. The first per-j manent settlement was made by James Carr, Frederick Gearhart, Thomas Thompson, William S. Burling, Dr. John Mosher, Dr. Stephen Mosher, John Earl, William Barker and Capt. Cozzens ; all of whom settled at or about the same time, viz: in 1800. The post-office was established in that year, Dr. John Mosher being the first post-master. The first school in town was kept near Union Springs by Amos Comely ; Thomas Collins was the first inn- keeper, and Laban Hoskins and Walter Low were the first store- 73 CAYUGA COUNTY. keepers, in or about 1810. Mr. Winnegar located in the place in 1816, and in 1830 started a factory. Five years later a woolen mill was put up at the south pond. From the date of first settle- ment the growth of the town became sure and steady, owing to its water power, and the large gypsum and limestone quarries near by. We may remark in this connection, that sulphur abounds in this vicinity in such quantities as to impregnate much of the spring and well water. Salt has also been found near the lake, and various plans have been laid for the erection of salt works, many believing that the investment would prove a success, and a source of wealth and prosperity to the place. From a salt spring where the Basin is, the early inhabitants obtained a good supply of salt, and the water of many wells in the vicinity is salt and brackish. Sometime previous to 1835, George Rowland, of New Bedford, a man of great energy and enterprise, purchased considerable prop- erty in and about the village, and erected the flouring mill at the north pond. The mill is built of limestone, four stories high, with four run of stone, and cost $40,000. Adjoining it is a saw mill and a plaster mill, the three being connected with the lake by a canal, so that the products of all can be shipped without the trouble and expense of cartage. The pond covers four and a half acres, and furnishes a fall of eighteen feet. The town was visited by a severe fire in 1854, which tended to check the growth and prosperity of the place. Anthony & Rowantree's Agricultural Works were de- stroyed, and the operatives being thrown out of employment, re- moved from the place. In 1861, another fire destroyed a great amount of valuable property, but with wonderful vigor the village has recovered from these disasters, and is now increasing in size and apparently in business prosperity. A lumber yard, store-house, tile yard, the agricultural works and foundry, grist mill and saw mill, various mills, etc., of Howland, Robinson & Co., are the prin- cipal items of business in Springport. Limestone quarries, plaster beds, and a large nursery, are found close by, and it is estimated that the annual shipments of ground plaster amount to over $18,000 per year, while the shipments of unground plaster and limestone an- nually reach over $80,000. The Friends Academy at Union Springs belongs to the New York Yearly Meeting of Orthodox Friends. It was founded in 1858, by subscription, since which time its capacity has been increased. The building is substantial, and, with the apparatus, cost $20,000. Tho building is of brick, 135 feet long, 3 stories and basement, and will accommodate 100 boarders. The school is maintained by its cur- rent receipts, all profits being applied to improvements. Both sexes are instructed in the school, which partakes much of the char- acter of a large family. A thorough and complete course of study CATUOA COUNTY. 73 in mathematics, the sciences and ancient and modern languages, has been provided. Union Springs is also the seat of a very successful Young Ladies' Collegiate Institute. It was founded by means of a fund left by Mr. George Howland, for the "thorough, moral, intellectual and re- ligious training of young females," and has met with a well-deserved and flattering patronage. Besides these there is a large, flourishing Union school, which is doing much to raise the standard of educa- tion in the village. The school building is of brick, neat in appear- ance and convenient in its arrangements. The New York Central Fire Insurance Company has its head- quarters here. It was organized at first as a Mutual Company, but in 1863, was re-organized as a stock company, and its name changed. It has a cash capital of $100,000, the total assets being $165,000. This company is conducted on sound business principles, and is perfectly safe and reliable. Beside the business places already enumerated, Union Springs contains a bank, a good hotel, and many handsome residences. There are seven churches in the village. — The first church in the town of Springport was Congregational, and was formed by Rev. Joshua Lane, the first preacher. The census of 1865 gives the town an area of 12,975 acres. STERLIJ^Gf named from William Alexander, Lord Sterling, of Revolutionary memory, was formed from Cato, June 19, 1812. It lies in the extreme north part of the County, on Lake Ontario, and has a rolling surface, with a trifling inclination toward the north. The summits of the ridges in the south stand 200 to 300 feet above the lake, and Big BluflT, on the lake shore, has about the same ele- vation. Little Sodus Creek, with its branches, flowing into Little Sodus Bay, and Cortwright Brook, flowing into Blind Sodus Bay, are the streams. Little Sodus Bay is about two miles long and one wide, and is one of the best natural harbors on the south shore of the Lake. A swamp, covering several hundred acres, extends along the lake shore, east of the bay, and another lies on the south border of the town. The soil is a sandy and gravelly loam, and in some places is stony and difiicult to cultivate. Outcrops of Me- dina sandstone and Oneida conglomerate, are quarried in the town for building purposes. The former is extensively used for under- pinnings of houses and farm buildings ; and it has been observed that hogs are fond of licking the stone whenever they have access to it. It causes them to foam at the mouth, and hence they can be flittened only with difficulty. Sterling Center {Sterling p. 0.) contains about 40 dwellings; Fair Haven, []). v.) on Little Sodus Bay, about the same number. Martville, [p. 0.) near the south-east corner ; Sterling Valley (p.o.) and North Sterling, {p. 0.) are small places. Peter Dumas, the first settler, was a Frenchman who came to 74 CAYUGA COUNTY. this country with La Fayette, and having served through the Revo- lution, drew Lot 17, in Sterlirg, in 1805, as his part of the Military Tract. Capt. Andrew Rassmusen settled on Lot No 1, in the same year. He was killed on board of an American vessel on Lake Ontario, in 1812. Francis DeCamp located near Martville in 180G ; William Divine, Nathan Wilmot and Jehial Peck, on Lot 11, in 1807 ; Jacob Wilsey, from Saratoga County, on Lot 14, in 1808 ; John Cooper, on Lot 12, John Dusenberry, on Lot 44, Cur- tis Stoddard, on Lot 19, John Mackfarland and son, from Wash- ington County, on Lot 27, John and Matthew Harsha, from "Wash- ington County, at Martville, in 1810; William Cooper, Joseph Bunnell and John Turner, from Long Island, in 1811 ; and George Cooper, from Saratoga County, in 1812. Isaac Hoppins was the first child born, March 16, 1807 ; the first marriage was that of Matthew Harsha and Charity Turner, and the first death that of Ezra, son of Peter Dumas, July 21, 1806. The first school was taught by Benj. Clark, in 1812; Wm. Cooper kept the first inn, in 1810; John Cooper erected the first saw mill, in the same year, and the first grist mill, in 1815. The first church, (Asso. Ref. Pres.) was organized in 1819. The census of 1865 gives the town an area of 25,237 acres. SUMMER HILL was form.ed from Locke, as ''Plato;' April 26, 1831, but its name was changed March 16, 1832. It is situated in the south-east corner of the County, and has a rolling surface, 1000 to 1100 feet above tide. Fall Brook, the principal stream, flows south through the east part, and its valley, 300 to 400 feet below the hill summits, forms the only break of any account in the general surface level. Summer Hill Lake is a small sheet of water in the north-east part, and discharges its water into Fall Brook. The soil is a clayey and gravelly loam, with clay predomi- nating. Summer Hill, {p. v.) in the south part, contains about 115 in- habitants. The first settlement was made in 1797, by Hezekiah Mix, from Genoa, on Lot 37, near the village. Among the early settlers were Nathaniel Fillmore, father of ex-President Millard Fillmore, who was born in this town, Martin Barber, William Webster, Joseph Cone, William Honeywell, James Savage, Harvey Hough and Jo- siah Walker. Nathaniel Fillmore taught the first school, in 1804. The matter of the first birth in the town is unsettled, some claim- ing that Millard Fillmore was the first child born in the town, oth- ers granting the priority to Anson Cone ; the first marriage was that of Ebenezer Crowl and Rosanna Mix, in 1803, and the first death that of Amos Mix, who was killed by the falling of a tree, in 1798. Joseph Cone kept the first inn, in 1803 ; Charles Crane the first store, and Ebenezer Bennett the first mill, in 1816. The first CAYUOA COUNTY. 75 church (Baptist,) was formed in 1807, with Elder Whipple as the first pastor. The census of 1865 gives the town an area of 15,616 acres. TJEIJtOOJPf named after ex-Governor Enos T. Throop, was formed from Aurelius, Mentz and Sennett, April 8, 1859. It is an interior town, lying north-west of the center of the County. — The surface is generally level, though broken in a few places by sand and gravel ridges, 100 to 150 feet high, Owasco Outlet and Cayuga Brook are the principal streams. The soil is a sandy and gravelly loam, Throopsville, {p. v.) on Owasco Inlet, contains three churches, a grist and saw mill, and woolen factory, and about 150 inhabitants. The first settlement was made on Lot No, 2, in 1790, by Ezekiel Crane and his son Shadrach, from New Jersey. Among others who early settled in the town were Isaac Barnum, Othniel Palmer and son, from Connecticut, Israel Clapp, from Massachusetts, on Lot 16 ; James Leonard and William Durell, from New Jersey, on Lots 2 and 4 ; Jonas Ward and his son Caleb, from the same State, on Lot 92, in 1796 ; Christopher and Rev, John Jeftries, from Saratoga Springs, on Lot 16 ; Ephraim Wethy, from Dutch- ess Co., Manonah Clark, from Oneida Co,, on Lot 4, in 1799 ; David and Amos Codner, on Lot 14, in 1801, The first marriage was that of Shadrach Crane and Hannah Palmer ; the first birth that of Ezekiel Crane. Edward Carpenter taught the first school, in 1800; Israel Clapp kept the first inn, in 1800; Luther Harden, the first store, in 1804 ; and Prentice Palmer erected the first saw and grist mill, in 1798. The census of 1865 gives the town an area of 11,105 acres. VENICE is an interior town, south of the center of the Coun- ty, and was formed from Scipio, January 30, 1823, Owasco Lake borders on the north-ef st corner, and Salmon and Little Salmon Creeks flow south in deep valleys which divide the surface into well defined ridges. The surface is a rolling upland with the highest summits 300 to 400 feet above Owasco Lake, The declivities on the lake and the west bank of Salmon Creek are steep, but generally the hillsides are long, narrow slopes. The soil is a fine quality of clayey and gravelly loam, Venice, (p. v.) in the north part, contains one church and about 20 houses ; Poplar Ridge, {p. v.) on the highest summit, in the north-west, is about the same size; EastVenice [p. 0.) and Venice Center (p. o.) are hamlets. The first settlement was made in 1800. Henry Hewitt, Ezekiel Landon, Samuel Robinson and Zadoc Bateman, at Stewart's Cor- ners ; Samuel Childsey and Amos Rathbun, at Poplar Ridge ; Luke Taylor and Thomas Cannon, all of whom came between 1790 and 1800, were the first settlers. Lemon Cole was the first child born; 76 CATUGA COUNTY. the first death was that of Herrick, a pioneer, killed by the falling of a tree. The first inn was kept by Samuel Robinson, and the first mill was erected at Venice Village in 1835. The first church (Baptist,) was formed at Stewart's Corners (now Venice,) in 1800, by Elder Irish. On the ridge, east of Salmon Creek, near the south border of the town, are the remains of an ancient fortifi- cation. Upon the creek, near the center of the town, the whites at their advent, found extensive fields, cleared and cultivated, near which was an Indian burial ground. The census of 1865 gives the town an area of 25,727 acres. VICTOMYv^as formed from Cato, March 16, 1821. It lies on the west border of the County, north-west of the centre, and has a gently undulating surface, the highest points of which are scarcely 50 feet above the general level. Red and Little Sodus Creeks ai"e the principal streams. The underlying rocks consist of red shale and blue limestone, deeply covered with drift deposit. The soil is a gravelly and sandy loam, and a swamp in tlie south-west part covers several hundred acres. Victory, (p. v.) near the centre, contains about 25 houses, and Westbury, [p. v.) on the line of Wayne County, about 50. John McNeal, from Montgomery Co., commenced the settlement of this town, in 1800, together with John and Samuel Martin, from Ireland, on lot 65. Patrick Murphy, from Ireland, settled on lot 54, in Feb., 1806 ; Matthias Vanderhuyden, from Albany County, on lot 62, and Asahel Carter, from Vermont, on lot 66, in 1810; John Ramsey, William and Daniel Griswold, from Herkimer Co., on lot 25, in 1811 ; Jacob W. and Martin De Forest, from Wash- ington County, Conrad Phrozine, from Newburgh, on lot 43 ; Man- asseh French, from Scipio, Judge C. Smith, from Saratoga Co., on lot 40 ; Philander Phinney, from Saratoga County, Silas Kellogg, from Brutus, on lot 39, and Ebenezer Bird, from Onondaga Co., on lot 29, all in 1812. Mrs. Jane Wood was the first child born, in 1804 ; and the first death was that of John McNeal, in 1800. — The first church (M. E.) was formed in 1813, by Rev. Zenas Jones, the first preacher. The census of 1865 gives the town an area of 20,494 acres. CAYUGA COUNTY. 77 Saippleaiieiitary to Historical ^keteh of Aii- Among the many extensive manufacturing establishments of Au- burn, perhaps none have attained a higher degree of excellence in their line of manufactures than that of " The Reynolds Steel Tem- pering Works^'' Reynolds, Barber & Co., proprietors, on Mechanic street. This firm are extensively engaged in the manufacture of Reynold's Celebrated Damascus Spring Tempered Sections, for Reapers and Mowers, plane irons and all edge tools. The National Republican, Washington, D. C, of Nov. 17, 180(5, speaicing of Improvements in Tempering Steel, says: "A manufacturer of steel implements, residing near Skaneateles, N. Y., (now of Auburn, N. Y.,) some 12 years ago, named Asa R. Reynolds, commenced the investigation of the hardening and tem- pering process by which steel was given a Damascus-spring tem- per and a cutting edge. He is an elementary man, who dives deep down to the bottom of his profession. He found that steel was only carbonized iron, partially fibrous ; that iron as it lay in the quarry was not fibrous at all ; that the fibre given to it was artificial ; that the carbonization of it, in order to bring it into a specific condition, whether as iron or steel, ought to be reduced to a system ; and finally that the whole work of tempering (granulating) steel should be accomplished by a heavy hammer falling on a vibrating anvil, at a single blow. His invention is now patented." For the benefit of such of our readez's as are interested in procur- ing the best Sections for Reapers and Mowers in the market, we give an extract from Report of Committee on National Implement Trial, held at Auburn, 1866. Pages 131, 139, 140, 142. "There is no portion of a mowing machine more essential to its easy working than the sections. They must be properly formed, that is, the angles which the cutting sides make with the base must be accurately adjusted to the rapidity of their vibrations, and their temper must be such as to ensure the best cutting edge. " The whole course of our experience has shown us the impor- tance of this matter, and it has been amply illustrated and confirmed in the course of these trials. Experience has shown that where the whole section is tempered, it is too frangible for practical use ; the slightest contact with stones, sticks, or other obstructions, causes it to fly in pieces like glass ; the central portion of the section is there- fore left soft, while the tempering is confined to a portion extending from one-half to five-eighths of an inch from the edge. The violent change in the structure of the metal, lying on either side of the line 78 CArUGA COUNTY. of demarkation, often causes a fracture, resulting in loss to the manu- facturer or the fanner, according to the time when the fracture be- came apparent. "Desirous of investigating this matter as thoroughly as possible, we collected the sections of different makers to as great an extent as we were able, and subjected them to a series of careful experiments. We found no fractures in any of the sections manufactured by the Messrs, Reynolds, of Auburn, but we detected them in about ten per cent, of those made by other manufacturers. We caused near- ly 1-1 6th of an inch to be successively ground off from the edge of each of the samples, examining carefully the temper of the edge after each grinding. The sections of Mr. Reynolds retained their temper perfectly for ten successive grindings. None of the others showed as good a temper after the third grinding; some of them were so poor that after the third grinding the edge could be cut off" with an ordinary pocket knife. The test of temper that we used was to draw the smooth front part of a saw file along the edge at an angle of from 10 to 15 degrees, observing that the edge visibly sprung during the passage ; we then pressed on the edge at an angle of forty-five degrees, when the edge would break, making two dis- tinct sounds in the act of fracture, showing that there was sufficient elasticity in the steel to prevent its breaking on both sides at once. "All of the Messrs. Reynolds' sections conformed to this test through ten successive grindings. Several of the others broke when pressed upward at an angle of fifteen degrees. Some of them bent permanently, when pressed upon. None of them except Messrs. Reynolds' showed a good temper after the third grinding. Where a graver was pressed into the section at the center, and carried to- w'ards the edge with a uniform pressure, the groove formed grew; gradually shallower, until it touched the line of demarkation — in the Messrs. Reynolds' sections — showing tliat the hardening was progressive from the center to the line of demarkation. In the sec- tions made by other firms the groove formed by the graver was of uniform depth until it touched the line of demarkation, when it be- came at once very shallow. The test shows that the sections of the Messrs. Reynolds grew gradually harder from the center to the line of demarkation, and that the quality of the metal on either side of the line is not so dissimilar as to cause fractures, and accounted very fully for their absence in the sections. " Having thus ascertained the superiority of these sections, we were desirous of seeing the processes of their manufacture, and on making known our wishes, the Messrs Reynolds were kind enough to show us the whole of their works, and we confess to a feeling of great surprise on seeing their sections so perfectly tempered with- out the agency of any liquid, by percussion, re-action, and cold air alone. We saw over a thousand tempered and ground^ jiot one of CATOGA COUNTY. 79 lohich was cracked^ or which exhibited any traces of fissure whatever. We believe this process will greatly enhance the efficiency of our reap- ing and mowing machines, and we rejoice that American ingenuity has perfected so valuable an invention. The process, though un- patented at the time of the trial, has since been covered by letters patent." In connection with increased speed necessary in using a poor section, the Committee say : "Probably the increase of speed had its origin in imperfectly tempered sections which called for velocity as an equivalent for a good edge. Since Mr. Reynolds' discovery of a method of tem- pering these sections in a uniform and reliable manner, there is no lunger any necessity for resorting to this expedient, and we hope to see a general reduction of the velocity of high speeded machines. JOHN STANTON GOULD, Hudson, N. T. B. P. JOHNSON. Albany. SANFORD HOWARD, Lansing, Michigan. E. R. POTTER, Kingston, R. L Prof, BENJ. PIERCE, Cambridge University. ELLSHA FOOTE, Wasliington, D. C. HENRY WATERMAN, Hudson, N. Y. EZRA CORNELL, Itliaca, N. Y. SAMUEL CAMPBELL, New York Mills, N. Y. A. B. CONGER, Haverstraw, N. Y. T. L. HARISON.Morley, N.Y. National Committee." 80 THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETC. THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ADMITTANCE TO TIIE UNION, POPULATION, SUFFRAGE LAWS, ETC. AZjiSjiJfpi was settled near Mobile, in 1702, by the French ; was formed into a Territory by act of Congress, approved March 3, 1817, from the eastern portion of the Territory of Mississippi ; framed a Con- stitution August 2, 1819, and was admitted into the Union December 14 of the same year. Area 50,722 square miles, or 32,462,080 acres. — Population in 1860, 964,201, of whom 435,080 were slaves. It is the chief cotton growing State of the Union. White male citizens who have re- sided one year in the State and three months in the county, are entitled to vote. An election for a Convention was held December 24, 1860, and a majority of over 50,000 votes cast for secession ; the Convention met January 7, 1861, and on the 11th passed the ordinance of secession, by a vote of 61 to 39, which was followed on the 21st by the resignation of its members of Congress. :^:jRJi'AJVSAS was settled at Arkansas Post in 1085, by the French, and was part of the Louisiana purchase ceded by France to the United States, April 30, 1803. It was formed into a Territory by act of Congress, March 2, 1819, from the southern part of the Territory of Missouri ; its western boundary was settled May 26, 1824, and its southern, May 19, 1828. Having adopted a Constitution, a memorial was presented in Congress, March 1, 1836, and an act for its admission into the Union passed June 15 of the same year. Area 52,198 square miles, or 33,406,- 720 acres. In 1860 its population was 435,450, of whom 111,115 were slaves. It is an agricultural State, its staples being corn and cotton. — Citizenship and residence in the State for six months, qualify voters in the county and district where they reside. January 16, 1861, its Legislature ordered a State Convention, which assembled, and on May 6, voted to secede, 69 to 1. January 4, 1864, a Convention assembled in Little Rock, which adopted a new Constitution, the principle feature of which consisted in a clause abolishing slavery. The Convention adjourned January 22. This body also inaugurated a Provisional Government. The Constitution was submitted to the people, and 12,177 votes cast for it, to 226 against it. The State was re-organized under the plan contained in the Amnesty Proclamation of President Lincoln, in pursuance of which an election was held March 14, 1864. The vote required under the Proclamation was 5,405. About 16,000 votes were cast. THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETC. 81 CAZIFO^A''IA. was settled at Diego in 1768, by Spaniards, and was part of the territory ceded to the United States by Mexico, by the treaty concluded at Guadaloupe Hidalgo, February 23, 1848. After several inef- fectual attempts to organize it as a Territory or admit it as a State, a law was passed by Congress for the latter purpose, which was approved September 9, 1850. Area 188,981 square miles, or 120,947,784 acres. Population in 1800, 305,439. It is the most productive gold mining re- gion on the continent, and also abounds in many other minerals. — White male citizens of the United States, and those of Mexico who may choose to comply with the provisions of the treaty of Queretaro, of May30, 1848, who have resided in the State six mouths and in the county or dis- trict thirty days, are entitled to vote. C0JVjyBCTICUTy^?i's.^Q\SX&^9X Windsor, in 1633, by English Puri- tiiusfrom Massachusetts, and continued under the jurisdiction ofthatProv- ince until April 23,1662, when a separate charter was granted, which con- tinued in force until a Constitution was formed, September 15, 1818. It was one of the original thirteen States, and ratified the United States Con- stitution, January 9, 1788. Area 4,674 square miles, or 2,991,360 acres. Population in 1860, 460,147. It is one of the most densely populated and principal manufacturing States in the Union. Residence for six months, or military duly for a year, or payment of State tax, or a free- hold of the yearly value of seven dollars, gives the right to vote. S>BZ^}y\d^B v;a.9 settled at Wilmington, early in 1638, by Swedes and Finns; was granted to William Penu, ia 1682, and continued under the government of Pennsylvania until the adoption of a Constitution, September 20, 1776 ; a new one was formed June 12, 1792. It was one of the original thirteen States, and ratified the United States Constitu- tion, December 7,1787. Area 2,120 square miles, or 1,356,800 acres. — Population, in 1860, 112,216, of whom 1,798 were slaves. It is a grain and fruit growing State, with some extensive manufactories. Residence in the State one year, and ten days in the election district, with payment of a State or county tax assessed ten days prior to an election, gives the right to vote, except that citizens between twenty-one and twenty-two years of age need not have paid the tax. FLO'RI^A. was settled at St. Augustine, in 1565, by Spaniards ; was formed from part of the territory ceded by Spain to the United States by treaty of February 22, 1819; an act to authorize the President to establish a temporary government was passed March 3, 1819 ; articles of surrender of East Florida were framed July 10, and of West Florida, July 17, 1821, and it was then taken possession of by General Jackson as Governor. An act for the establishment of a Territorial Govern- ment was passed March 30, 1822, and by net of March 3, 1823, East and West Florida were constituted one Territory. Acts to establish its boundary line between Georgia and Alabama were passed May 4, 1826, and March 2, 1831. After several ineffectual attempts to organize it into two Territories, or into a State and Territory, an act for its admis- sion into the Union was passed March 3, 1845. Area 59,268 square miles, or 37,930,520 acres. Population, in 1860, 140,425, of whom 61,745 were slaves. It is an agricultural State, tropical in its climate and products. Every free white male citizen, who has resided in the State two years and in the county six months, and has been enrolled in tlVe militia (unless exempt by law,) is qualified to vote ; but no soldier, seaman 82 THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETC. or marine can vote unless qualified l)efore eulistineut. Its Legislature called a Convention, December 1, 1800, which met, January 3, 1861, and passed a secession ordinance on the lOtli by a vote of 63 to 7. <9^6>:^ 6^714 was settled at Savannah, in 1733, by the English under General Oglethorpe. It was chartered June 9, 1732; formed a Con- stitution Februarys, 1777; a second in 1785 and a third May 80, 1798.— It was one of the original thirteen States, and ratified the United States Constitution January 2, 1788. Area 58,000 square miles, or 37,120,000 acres. Population, in 1860, 1,057,286, of whom 462,198 were slaves. It is a large cotton and rice growing State. Citizens of the State, six months resident of the county where voting, who have paid taxes the year pre- ceding the election, are entitled to vote. November 18, 1800, its Legis- lature ordered an election for a State Convention, which assembled smd passed a secession ordinance Januarv 19, 1801, by a vote of 208 to 89, and on the 23d of the same month its members of Congress resigned. UjLIJ^OIS was settled at Kaskaskia, in 1683, by the French, and formed part of the northwestern territory ceded by Virginia to the United Slates. An act for dividing the Indiana Teriitory and organizing the Territory of Illinois, was passed by Congress, February 3, 1809 ; and an act to enable it to form a State Constitution, Government, ifcc, was passed April 18, 1818; a Constitution was framed August 26, and it was admitted into the Union December 23 of the same year. Area 54,405 square miles, or 04,819,200 acres. Population, in 1800,1,711,951. It is the chief " prairie" State, and the largest grain growing and second largest cattle raising State in the Union. All white male inhabitants, who iiave resided in the State one year and election district sixty days, can vote in the district where actually residing. IJVD Iji.J\''A. was settled at Vincennes, in 1690, by the French, and formed part of the northwestern territory ceded by Virginia to the United Slates. It was organized into a Territory May 7, 1800, from which the Territorj^ of Michigan was set off in 1805, and Illinois in 1809. An act was passed to empower it to form a State Constitution, Government, cSrc, April 19, 1816, and it was admitted into the Union December 11 of the same year. Area 33,809 square miles, or 21,637,700 acres. Population, in 1860, 1,350,428. It is an agricultural State, chiefly devoted to grain grow- ing and cattle raising. A residence of one j^ear in the State entitles males of 21 years of age to vote in the county of their residence. 10 7f01 was first settled at Burlington by emigrants from the Northern and Eastern States. It was part of the region purchased from France ; was set oif from the Territory of Wisconsin and organized as a sepaiate Territory June 12,1838; an act for its admission as a State was passed and approved March 3, 1845, to which the assent of its inhabitants was to be given to be announced by Proclamation of the President, and on De- cember 28, 1846, another act for its admission was passed. Area 50,914 square miles or 32,584,960 acres. Population, in 1860, 674,913. It is an agricultural State, resembling Illinois, and contains important lead mines. While male citizens of the United States, having resided in the State s^ix months and county twenty days, are entitled to vote. THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETC. 83 J^AJVS^^S was formed out of the original Louisiana purchase, and or- ganized into a Territory by act of Congress, May 30, 1854, and after several inetTectual attempts was linally admitted into the Union in January, 18(U. Area 78,418 square miles, or 50,187,530 acres. Population, in 1800,107,- 206. It is an agricultural State, with a soil of rich and deep black loam, e.Kcept the cential portion, which is partly a desert. The western poriioa is a fine grazing country, well wooded. Residence in the State six mouths, and in the township or ward thirty days, confers the right of suffrage on white male citizens. It also abounds iu minerals. JiCBjVTZTCIil'T was settled in 1775, by Virginians ; formed into a Territory by act of the Virginia Legislature, December 18, 1780, and ad- mitted into the Union June 1, 1792, by virtue of an act of Congress pass- ed February 4, 1791. Area 37,080 square miles, or 34,115,200 acres.— Population' in 1860, 1,155,684, of whom 235,488 were slaves. It is an agri- cultural State, raising more tlax and hemp than any other. Loyalty, a residence of two years in the State and one in the county are the require- ments to vote. "Any citizen of this State who shall enter the service of the so-called Confederate Stales, in either a civil or military capacity; or into the service of the so-called Provisional Government of Kentucky, in either a civil or military capacity ; or having heretofore entered such ser- vice of either the Confederate States or Provision.d Government, shall continue iu such service after this act takes effect, (March 11, 1863,) or shall take up or continue iu arms against the military forces of the United States or State of Kentucky, or shall give voluntary aid and assistance to those in afms against said forces, shall be deemed to have expatriated him- self, and shall no longer be a citizen, except by permission of the Legisla- ture by a general or special statute." ^ (9 ^TZ.S'Z^^^^ Was settled at Iberville, in 1699, by the French, and comprised a part of Ihe territory ceded by France to the United Slates, by treaty of April 30, 1803, whicii purchase was erected into two Territories by act of Congress March 36, 1804, one called the Territi ay of Orleans, l he other the District of Louisiana, afterwards changed to tliat of ]\Iissouri. — Congress, March 8, 1806, authorized the inhabitants of Orleans Territory to form a State Constitution and Government when their population should amount to 60,000 ; a Constitution was adopted January 23, 1813, and the State admitted into the Union April 8 of the same year, under the name of Louisiana. Area 41,355 square miles, or 36,403,200 acres. Population m 1860, 708,003, of whom 331,736 were slaves. It is the chief sugar producing State of the Union. Two years' residence in the State and one in the parish are the qua! ilicai ions of voters. Decem- ber 10, 1860, the Legislature ordered a State Convention to be held, which assembled and passed an ordinance of secession January 26, 1861, by a vote of 113 to 17. The peoi)le voted on tlie question, and on March 23 the following was announced as the result : For, 20,448; against, 17,396; a majority of 3,153. The Convention ratified the 'Confederate' Constituiion March 11, 1861, by avote of 107 to 7, and refused to submit it to the peo- ple by 94 to 10. On the 11th dav of January, 1864, Maj. Gen. Banks issued a Proclamation for an election of State officers and delegates to a Constitutional Convention, for the purpose of affecting a reconstruction of the State Government under the plan suggested in the Amnesty Proclama- tion of President Lincoln. Tlie election was held on the 22d day of Feb- ruar\', 1864. The officers thus elected were installed March 4. The total vote cast was 10,735. The vote req'dite under the Proclamation was 5,051. The Convention amended the Constitution so as to abolish slavery. The new Constitution was adopted by the people by a vote of 6,836 for, to 1,566 against. 84 THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETC. Mji-IJ^-E was settled at York, in 1623, by the English, and was for- merly under the jurisdiction of Massachusetts. October 29, 1819, the in- habitants of the District of Maine framed a Constitution ; applied for ad- mission December 8, 1819. Congress passed an act March 8, 1820, and it was admitted as a State March lo, of the same year. Area 31,766 square miles, or 20,830,240 acres. Population, in 1860, 628,279. It is largely en- gaged in the lumber trade and ship building. Citizens of the United States, except paupers and persons under guardianship, who have resided in the State for three months next preceding the election, are entitled to vote. MA'RTLAJVD was settled at St. Mary, in 1634, by Irish Roman Catliolics, having been chartered June 20, 1633. It was one of the origin- al thirteen States ; formed a Constitution August 14^ 1776, and ratified the Constitution of the United States April 28, 1788. Area 11,124 square miles, or 7,119,260 acres. Population in 1800, 687,049, of whom 87,189 were slaves. It is mainly an agricultural State, producing grain and to- bacco. A residence of one year in tiie State, and six months in the coun- ty, gives the right to vote to every white male citizen who takes the oath of allegiance prescribed in the Constitution. January 28, 1^64, a bill pass- ed the Legislature submitting to tliu people the cjuestion of a Convention to revise the Constitution of the State. The popular vote on the question was as follows : For Convention, 32,203 ; against, 18,337. The Convention assembled and adopted a Constitution abolishing slavery, which was sub- mitted to and adopted by the pdople ; and in accordance with its provis- ions, on the 29th of October, 1864, ihe Governor issued bis Proclamation declaring the slaves in that State free from the 1st day of November. MASSACHUSETTS was settled at Plymouth, November 3, 1620, by English Puritans, and Charteis were granted March 4, 1629, January 13, 1630, August 20, 1726, and October 7, 1731. It was one of the original 13 States; adopted a Constitution March 2, 1780, which was amended No- vember 3, 1820, and ratified the Const ituticm of the United States Febru- ary 6, 1788. Area 7,800 square miles, or .4,992,000 acres. Population in 1860,1,231,066. It is a largely commerclai, the chief manufacturing and most densely populated State in the Union. A residence of one year in tlie State, and payment of State or county tax, gives the right to vote to male citizens of 21 years and upward, extiept paupers and persons under guardianship. MICIIIGAjV was settled at Detroit in 1670, by the French, and was part of the territory ceded to the United States by Virginia. It was set off from the territory of Indiana, and erected into a separate Territory January 11, 1805 ; an act to attach to it all the territory of the United States west of the Mississippi river, and north of the Slate of Missouri, was passed June 28,' 1834. Wisconsin was organized from it April 30, 1836. In June of the same year an act was passed to provide for the ad- mission of the State of Michigan into the Union, and a Constitution having been adopted, it was admitted January 26, 1837. Area 56,243 square miles, or 35,995,552 acres. Population in 1860, 749,113. It is a grain growing and cattle rearing State, with rich and extensive mines of copper and iron in the Noitheru Peninsula. A residence in the Slate of six months preceding the election, entitles white male citizens to vote. THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETC. 85 MIjyJV^SOTA was settled about 1846, chiefly by emigrants from the Northern and Western States. It was organized as a Territory by act of Congress approved Marcli 3, 1849, and admitted into the Union February 26, 1857. Area 95,374 square miles,, or 60,975,536 acres. Pop- ulation in 1860, 172,133 whites, and about 25,000 Indians, many of tlie tribes being of a warlike character. It is an agricultural State, chietly devoted to Northern grains. The right to vote is extended to male per- sons of 21 years of age, of the following classes, if they have resided in the United States one year, the State four months, and the election dis- trict ten days: White citizens of the United States, and those of foreign birth who have declared their intention to become citizens ; pers©ns of mixed white and Indian blood who have adopted tlie customs of civiliza- tion, and those of pure Indian blood who have been pronounced capable by any district court of the State. MISSISSIPPI was settled at Natchez, in 1716, by the French, and was formed out of part of the territory ceded to the United States by South Carolina in 1787, and Georgia in 1802. It was organized as a Ter- ritory by act of Congress, April 7, 1789, and enlarged on the north March 27, 1804, and on the south May 14, 1813. After several unsuccessful at- tempts to enter the Union, Congress finally passed an act March 1, 1817,, enabling the people of the western part of the Territory to form a State Constitution and Government, which being complied with August 15, it was admitted December 10 of the same year. Area 47,156 square miles, or 30,179,840 acres. Population in 1860, 791,305,. of whom 436,631 were slaves. It is the second cotton growing State of the Union. Citizens who have resided one year in the State, and four months in the county, and having performed military duty or paid taxes, are entitled to vote. A Convention met January 7, 1861, and on the Sth; passed an ordinancs of secession by a vote of 84 to 15. MISSOZTHIys'A?, settled at Genevieve m 1763, by the French, and was part of the territory ceded by France by treaty of April 30, 1803. It was created under the name of the District of Louisiana, by an act approved March 26, 1804, and placed imderthe direction of the ofiicers of tlie Indiana Territory, and was organized, into a separate Territory June 4, 1812, its name being changed to that of Missouri; and was divided ]\Iarch 2, 1819, the Territory of Arkansas being then created. An act au- thorizing it to form a State Constitution and. Government was passed March 6, 1820, and it was admitted into the Union December 14,, 1821. Area 67,380 square miles, or 43,133,200 acres. Population in 1860, 1,182,013, of whom 114,931 were slaves. An act of gradual emaneipation was passed July 1, 1863, by a vote of 51 to 30. On the 6th of January, 1865, a Constitutional Convention assembled in St. Louis, and on the 8th of April adopted a new Constitution,, declaring the State free, prohibiting compensation for slaves, and adopting many other radical changes. On the 6th of June the Constitution w^as adopted by the people by a vote of 43,670 to 41,808, and pursuant to a, Proclamation issued on the 1st of Ju- ly, the Constitution went into effect July 4, 1865. It is an agricultural and mining State. Citizens of the United States who have resided^in the State one year, and county three months, are entitled to vote. By an act passed by the Legislature cf 1863;, voting by balloi was adopted',,and the viva voce system abolished. 86 THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETU. JV^S^jiSJi^A. was settl-ecl by emigrants from the Norllicni and Western States, and was formed ovit of a part of the territory ceded by France, April 30, 1808. Attempts to- organize it were made in 1844 and 1848, but it was not accomplish&di until May 30, 18o4.- Area 75,955 square miles, or 44,71)6,100 acres. Populsftioii' 28,841, besides afew roving tribes of Indians. A Convention adopted: a St3rt:e Constitution February t), 1?:'G6, which was submitted to the people o-n the 2-2d of June,, and adopted by a vote of 3,938 for, to 3,838 against, and- State oflicers were elected. A isill was passed by Congress, July 27th, admitting the State, but the President witliheld his signature. In February,. 1867, Congress passed an act im- posing certain conditions to admission,, which were promptly accepted, and the territory became a State. It is an agricukural region, its prairies af- fording boundless pasture lands. JVSVA^A. was organized as a Territory Marcb 2, 1801. Its name signifies snowy, and is derived from the Spanish word niece (snow.) It comprises 81,539 square miles, or 52,184,960 acres, lying mostly withiti the Great Basin Gi the Pacific coast. Congress, at its session in 1864, passed an act which was approved March 21, to enable the peoi:>4e of the Terri- tory to form a Censtitution and State Government, in pursuance of which a Government was organized and the Territory admitted as a State by Proclamation of tl>e President, October 31, 1864. At the time of its or- ganization the Territory jjossessed a population of 6,857 white settlers. The development of her mineral resources was rapkl and almost without parallel, and attracted a ceiastant stream of immigration to the Territory. As the population has not been subject to the fiuctuati<)ns from which other Territories have suffered, the growth of Nevadai has been rapid and steady. At the general ceiiYcntion election of 1863, 10^34 votes were cast. During 1864 great accessions to the population were made. Ii is probably the richest Slate in the Uaioiaiu respect to mineral resources; JNo region in the world is richer in argentiferous leads. It also contains an immense basin of salt, five miles squar-e. Quartz mills are a very important feature in mining operations. The State is barren for agricultural purposes, and is remarkably healthy, JVBW HAMTSHHEB was settled at Dover, in 1623, by English Puritans, and continued under tJie jurisdiction of Massachusetts until September 18, 1679, when a separate charter was granted. It was one of the original thirteen States, and ratified the United States Constitution June 21, 1788; its State Constitution was framed January 5, 1776, and amended in 1784 and 1792. Area 9,280 square miles, or 5,939,200 acres. Population in 1860, 326,073. It is a grazing and manufacturing State. All male citizens, except paupers, are allowed to vote. JVByr JB'ltS£!TviA.% settled at Bergen, in 1624, by the Dutch and Danes ; was conquered by the Dutch in 1655, and submitted to the English in 1664, being held thereafter under the same grants as New York, until it was surrendered to the Crown in 1702. It was one of the original thii'teen States, adopted a State Constitution July 2, 1776, and ratilied the United States Constitution December 18, 1787. Area 8,320 square miles, or 5-, 324,800 acres. Population in 1860, 672,035. It is a grain and fruit grow- ing region, its orchard and market products being relatively greater than those of any other State. A residence of one year in the State gives the right to vote, except to paupers, &c. THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETC. 87 A^Bir TO'RX' was settled at Manhattan, in 1614, by the Dutch ; was ceded to the English by grants to the Duke of York, March 20, April 20, and June 24, l(i04 ; Avas retaken by the Dutch in 1673, and surrendered again by them to the English, February 9, 1674. It was one of the orig- inal thirteen States ; ratitied the United States Constitution July 26, 1788 ; framed a Constitution April 20, 1777, which was amended October 27, 1801, and November 10, 1821; a new one was adopted November 8, 1846. Area 47,000 square miles, or 30,080,000 acres. Population in 1865, 3,831,777. It is the most populous, wealthy and commercial of the Stales. White male citizens of the United States, who have resided in the State one year, in the county four months, and election district thirty days, are entitled to vote ; and all men of color who have resided in the State three years, and own and pay taxes on a freehold assessed at $250. JS^O'RTJI CA'ROLIJ\''c± was settled at. Albemarle, in 1650, by the English, and was chartered March 20, 1663. It was one of the original thirteen States, and ratitied the United States Constitution, November 21, 1789 ; its State Constitution was adopted December 18, 1776, aiid amended in 1835. Area 50,704 square miles, or 32,450,560 acres. Population in 1860, 992,622, of whom 331,059 were slaves. It is an agricultural State, with some mines and extensive pine forests. Every freeman of 21 years of age, having resided one year in any county in the State, may vote for a member of the House of Commons, but must own fifty acres of land to vote f(jr a Senator. A State Convention passed an ordinance of secession May 21, 1861. An election for delegates to a State Convention look place September 21, 1885. The Convention assembled October 2. On the 2d of October it passed an ordinance forever prohibiting slavery. The Legisla- ture ratitied the Constitutional amendment December 1. An election was held on the first Thursday of November, for Governor, Members of Con- gress and the Legislature. OITIO was settled at Marietta, in 1788, by emigrants from Virginia and New England; was ceded by Virginia to the United States October 20, 1788; accepted by the latter March 1, 1784, and admitted into the Union April 30, 1802. Area 39,964 square miles, or 25,576,960 acres. Popula- tion in 1860, 2,339,511. It is the most populous and wealthy of the agri- cultural States, devoted principally to wool growing, grain and live stock. A male of 21 years of age, who has resided in the State one j'^ear, and has paid or been charged with a State or county tax, is eligible to vote. . O'R^GO^, although it had previously been seen by various "naviga- tors, was first taken possession of by Capt. Robert Gray, who entered the mouth of its principal river- May 7, 1792, naming it after his vessel, the Columbia, of Boston. Exploring expeditions soon followed, and fur com- panies sent their trappers and traders into the region. In 1811 a trading I)ost was established at the mouth of the Columbia river by the American Fur Company, who named it Astoria. For some time a Provisional Ter- ritorial Government existed, but the boundary remained unsettled until the treaty with Great Britain in 1846, when the 49th parallel was adopted. It was formally organized as a Territory August 14, 1848 ; was divided March 2, 1853, on the 46th parallel, the northern portion being called Washington and the southern Oregon. November 9, 1857, a State Con- stitution was adopted, under which it was admitted February 14, 1859, 88 THE STATES, THEIE SETTLEMENT, ETC. about one-third of it ou tlie east being added to Washington Territory, its northern boundary following the Columbia river until its intersection with latitude 46° north. Area 102,006 square miles, or 65,067,840 acres. Population in 1860, 52,465. It is an agricultural State, pos- sessed of a fertile soil, extensive pastures, genial climate, and is well wooded. Gold and other precious metals are found in considerable abun- dance. TBjYjYSTZ VAJ^riA. was settled at Philadelphia, in 1681, by Eng-^ lisli Quakers, and was chartered February 28 of the same year. It was one of the original thirteen States, ratifying the United States Constitution December 12, 1787 ; adopted a State Constitution September 28, 1776, and amended it September 2, 1790. Area 40,000 square miles, or 29,440,000 acres. Population in 1860, 2,906,115. It is the second State in wealth and population, and the principal coal and iron mining region in the Union. ivesiUeuce in the State one year, and ten days in the election district, with payment of a State or county tax assessed ten days prior to an election, gives the right to vote; except that citizens between 21 and 22 years of age need not have paid the tax. ^Ha^'JS ISZAjYlt was settled at Providence in 1636, by the Eng- lish from Massachusetts, under Roger Williams. It was under the juris- diction of Massachusetts until July 8, 1662, when a separate charter was granted, which continued in force until the formation of a Constitution in September, 1842. It was one of the original thirteen States, ratifying the United States Constitution May 29, 1790. Area 1,306 square miles, or 835,840 acres. Population in 1860, 174,620. It is largely engaged in manufactures. A freehold possession of $13; or, if in reversion, renting for $7, together with a residence of one year in the State and six months in the towoi ; or, if no freehold, then a residence of two years in the State and six months in the town, and payment of $1 tax or military service in- stead, are the qualifications of voters. SOVTS CA^OZI^YA was settled at Port Royal, in 1670, by the English, and continued under the charter of Carolina, or North Carolina, until they were separated in 1729. It was one of the original thirteen States, ratifying the United States Constitution May 23, 1798 ; it framed a State Constitution March 26, 1776, w^hich was amended March 19, 1778, and June 3, 1790. Area 29,385 square miles, or 18,806,400 acres. Population in 1860, 703,708, of whom 402,406 were slaves, an excess of 101,270 over the whites. It is the pi'incipal rice-growing State. Whites, who have re- sided in the State two years and district six months, and have a freehold of fifty acres of land, or have paid a State tax, are entitled to vote. De- cember 17, 1860, a Convention assembled in Columbia, adjourned to Charleston, and on the 24th unanimously adopted an ordinance of seces- sion, which was followed the next day by a Declaration of Causes claimed to be sufficient to justify the act. An election for delegates to a State Con- vention was held September 4, 1865. The Convention assembled Sep- tember 13, and adjourned on the 28th. It repealed the ordinance of seces- sion, abolished slavery, equalized the representation of the Senate and taxation throughout the State, giving the election of Governor and Presi- dential electors to the people, ordered voting in the Legislature by viva wee, endorsed tlie Administration unanimously, and directed a commis- sion to submit a code to the Legislature for the protection of the colored population. The Legislature ratified the Constitutional Amendment No- vember 13, 1865. THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETC. 89 2'BJ\rJV'BSSBB was settled at Fort Donelsou, in 1756, by emigrants from Virginia and North Carolina ; was ceded to the United States by North Carolina December, 1789, conveyed by the Senators of that State February 25, 1790, and accepted by act of Congress April 2 of the same year ; it adopted a Constitution Feb. 6, 1796, and was admitted into the Union the 1st of June following. Area 45,600 square miles, or 29,184,000 acres. Population in 1860, 1,109,601, of whom 275,179 were slaves. It is a mining and agricultural State, and is largely productive of live stock. Citizens of the United States who have resided six months in the county are entitled to vote. A military league was formed between the Governor, Isham G. Harris, and the rebel States, May 7, 1861, ratified the same day by the Senate by a vote of 14 to 6, and a Declaration of Independence submitted to the people, the election to be held June 8, the result of which was declared by the Governor, June 24, to be 104,913 for, and 47,238 against. This movement not being acceptable to the people of East Ten- nessee, which had declared against separation by a vote of 32,923 to 14,780, they, in a Convention held at Greenville, June 18-21, repudiated it. An- drew Johnson, Provisional Governor of the State, called a State Conven- tion to be held in Nashville the second Monday in January. Delegates were elected, the Convention met, declared slavery forever abolished, pro- hibited compensation to owners of slaves, and abrogated the secession or- dinances. These amendments of the Constitution were submitted to the people 22d of February, 1865, with the following result: For ratification, 22,197; rejection, 63. The United States Constitutional Amendment was ratified April 5, 1865. TJiJX.AS was first settled at Bexar, in 1694, by Spaniards; formed a part of Mexico until 1836, when she revolted from that Republic and in- stituted a separate Government, under which she existed until admitted into the Union by a joint resolution approved March 1st, 1Q45, imposing certain conditions, which were accepted, and a Constitution formed July 4 of the same year, and another joint resolution adopted by Congress, consummating the annexation, was approved December 29, 1845. Area 237,504 square miles, or 152,002,500 acres. Population in 1860,604,215, of whom 182,566 were slaves. It is an agricultural region, principally devo- ted to grain, cotton and tropical fruits. Free white male citizens of 21 j^ears of age, who have resided in the State one vear and district six months are entitled to vote. A Convention assembled at Galveston Jan- uary 28,1861, and on February 1 passed an ordinance of secession, "by a vote of 166 to 7, to be submitted to the people February 23, and on March 4 thej'- declared the State out of the Union, and Gov. Houston issued a Proclamation to that eS'ect. TB^MOJVT was settled in 1724, by Englishmen from Connecticut, chiefly under grants from New Hampshire ; was formed from a part of the territory of New York, by act of its Legislature March 6, 1769; framed a Constitution December 25, 1777, and was admitted into the Union March 4, 1791, by virtue of an act of Congress passed February 18 of the same year. Area 10,212 square miles, or 6,535,680 acres. Population in 1860, 315,098. It is a grazing region, producing more wool, live stock, maple sugar, butter, cheese and hay, in proportion to its population, than any other State. Any citizen of the United States who has resided in the State one year, and will take the oath of allegiance, is entitled to vote. 90 THE STATES,' THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETC. YI'RGIjyiA. was settled at Jamestown, in 1(107. by the English, and was chartered April 10, 1G06, May 23, 16U9, and March 12, 1612. It was one of the oiiginal thirteen States, ratifying the United States Constitution June 25, 1788 ; it framed a State Constitution July 5, 1776, which was amended January 15, 1830. The State was divided in 1863. Present area 37,352 square miles. Population in 1860, 1,314,532, of whom 481,- 410 were slaves. It is a large corn producing, and the chief tobacco grow- ing State. Every white male citizen of the age of 21 years, who has been a resident of the State for one year, and of the county, city or town where he offers to vote for six months next preceding an election, and has paid all taxes assessed to him, after the adoption of the Constitution, under the laws of the Commonwealth after the re-organization of the county, city or town where he offers to vote, is qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly and all officers elective by the people. A Convention silting in Richmond on the 17th of April, 1861, passed an ordinance of secession, by a vote of 88 to 55, which was submitted to the people at an election held May 23, the result of which was announced June 25 to be 128,824 for, and 32,134 against. The State Government was re-organized by a Convention which met at Wheeling, May 11, 1861. Upon the divi- sion of the State in 1863, the seat of Government was removed to Alexan- dria. A State Constitutional Convention, March 10, 1864, adopted a sec- tion abolishing slavery. WBST TI'RGIJVIA.—Oxy the passage of the ordinance of se- cession by the Virginia Convention, a Convention of the western and other loyal counties of "the State was held at Wheeling, which assembled May 11, 1861, and on the 17th unanimously deposed the then State officers and organized a Provisional Government. On the 26tli of November, 1861, a Convention representing the western counties assembled in Wheeling and framed a Constitution for West Virginia, which was submitted to the people on the 3d of May, 1862, and adopted by them by a nearly unani- mous vote. The division of the State was sanctioned by the Legislature May 13, 1862, and ratified by Congress by an act approved December 31, 1862, conditioned on the adoption of an amendment to the Constitution providing for the gradual abolition of slavery, which was done on the 24th of March, 1863, by a vote of the qualified electors of the proposed State, 28,318 voting in favor of the amendment, and 572 against it. In pursu- ance of the act of Congress, the President issued a Proclamation, April 20, 1863, admitting the State sixty days from the date thereof, and on the 20th of June the new State Government was formally inaugurated. Area 24,000 square miles. Population in 1860, 350,599, of whom 12,754 were slaves. It is a large corn producing Stnte, and abounds in coal and other luinerals. The Alexandria Legislature adopted the United States Consti- tutional Amendment February 9, 1865. White male citizens, residents of the State one year and county thirty days, unless disqualified by rebellion, are entitled to vote. irZSCOJySZ/Y WHS settled at Green Bay, in 1669, by the French; was a part of the territory ceded by Virginia, and was set off from Mich- igan December 24, 1834, and. was organized into a 'I'erritor}' April 30, 1836. Iowa was set off from it Jime 12, 1838, and acts were passed at various times setting its boundaries. MaiT.h 3, 1847, an act for its admis- sion into the Union was passed, to take efi'ect on the issuing of a Procla- THE TERRITOBIES, THEIR BOUNDARIES, ETC. 91 mation by the President, and by act of May 29, 1848, it was admitted into the Union. Area 53,924 square mi'les, or 34,511,360 acres. Population in 1860, 775,881. It is an agricultural State^ chiefly engaged in grain raising and wool growing. Both white and colored citizens of the United States, or white foreigners who have declared their intention to become citizens, are entitled to votse. Colored citizens were admitted to the francliise, by a decision of the Supreme Court, rendered the 27th day of March, 1866, holding that, whereas an election was held in 1849, under the provisions of chapter 137, of that year, at which election 5,265 votes were cast in favor of the extension of the right of suffrage to colored men, and 4,075 against such extension, therefore, the section of said law conferring such right had been constitutionally adopted and is the law of the land. THE TERRITORIES, THEIE BOUBTDARIES, AEEA, PHYSICAL FBATUEES, ETC. ^Z/^iS^^, our new territory, recently purchased of Russia, compre- hends all the north-west coast on the Pacific, and the adjacent islands north of the parallel of 50 degrees 40 minutes north, and the portion of the main- land west of the meridian (about 140° west) of Mount St. Elias. The area is computed at 481,276 square miles. The climate, although warmer than in the same latitude on the eastern coast, is too rigorous to admit of suc- cessful agricultural operations, and the chief value of the country and ad- jacent seas is derived from their fisheries and hunting grounds. The south- ern and central portions are mountainous ; the northern portion along the Arctic ocean is quite flat, nowhere rising more than fifteen or twenty feet above the sea. The population is estimated at about 80,000, mostly Esqui- meaux. A mZOJVA was organized by the Thirty-Seventh Congress, in the win- ter of 1863, out of the western half of New Mexico, the boundary between the two Territories being the 109th meridian (32dwest from Washington,) and includes the greater portions of the valleys of Colorado and Gila, which two rivers drain its entire surface, with parts of Utah, New Mexico and Nevada, and yet convey, it is reported, a less volume of water to the sea than the Hudson at Albany. The fertile Messilla Valley was left with New Mexico. The Territory forms a block nearly square, and contains 126,141 square miles, or 80,730,240 acres. Its white population is probably considerably less than 10,000. For agricultural purposes it is probably the most worthless on the Continent, owing to the absence of rains, but it is reputed to abound in silver mines. 6'(>>Z(9:^^:2><9 was organized March 2, 1861, from parts of Kansas, Nebraska and Utah, and is situated on each side of the Rocky Mountains, between latitude 37° and 41°, and longitude 25° and 32° west from Wash- 92 TEE TEBRITOSIES. THEIR BOUNDARIES, ETC. ington. Area 104,500 square miles, or 66,880,000 acres. Population 50,- OOU, besides numerous tribes of Indians. By an enabling act passed Marck 21, 1864, the people of the Territory were authorized to frame a State Con- stitution and organize a State Government, and a Convention accordingly met in 1805, and on the 12th of August adopted a Constitution, which was submitted to and adopted by the people September 5, and State ofBcei-s elected November 14. A bill to admit the Territory as a State passed Congress, but was vetoed May 25, 1806. It is said to be a superior graz- ing and cattle producing region, with a healthy climate and rich soil. An extensive coal bed, and also gold, iron and other minerals abound. ^^^<9yiil was first settled by emyloyees of the Hudson Bay Com- pany, but is now being peopled by emigrants from the Northern and Wes- tern States. It was set off from the western portion of Minnesota when that Territory became a State in 1857, and was organized March 2, 1861. Area 148,932 square miles, or 95,316,480 acres. Population 2.576 whites, and 3,261 Indians, besides the roving tribes. I^A.110 was organized by the Thirty-Seventh Congress, at its second session, in the winter of 1863. Its name means 'Bead of the Mountains,' and it embraces the whole breadth of the Rocky Mountain region, and has within its bounds the head waters of nearly all the great rivers that flow down its either slope, but the greater portion lies east of the mountains. Its southern boundary is the 41st, its northern the 46th parallel of latitude. It extends from the 104th meridian on the east to the 110th on the west. Area 326,373 square miles, or 208,870,720 acres. For agricultural purposes it is comparatively worthless, but abounds in gold and other valuable mines. .MOJ\rTA.JV^ was settled by emigrants from the Northern and West- ern States. Organized in 1864, with the following boundaries: Com- mencing at a point formed by the intersection of the 27° L. W. from Wash- ington with the 45'' N. L. ; thence due west on said 45th degree to a point formed by iis intersection with the 34th degree W. from Washington ; thence due south along said 34th degree of longitude to its intersection with the 44th degree and 30 minutes of N. L. ; thence due west along said 44th degree and 30 minutes of N. L. to a point formed by its intersection with the crest of the Rocky Mountains; thence following the crest of the Rocky Mountains northward till its intersection with the Bitter Root Mountains ; thence northward along the crest of said Bitter Root Moun- tains to its intersection with the 39th degree of longitude W. from Wash- ington; thence along said 39th degree of longitude northward to the boundary line of the British possessions; thence eastward along said boundary to the 27th degree of longitude W. from Washington ; thence southward along said 27th degree to the place of beginning. This makes it the northermost Territory next the States east of the Missouri Valley. It is a good mining and agricultural region. The total population is put down at 15,822. Large accessions have been made since the census was taken. JV£Jyy MJSXICO was formed from a part of the territory ceded to the United States by Mexico, by the treaty of Guadaloupe Hidalgo, Feb- ruary 2, 1848, and was organized into a Territory September 9, 1850. — Area 121,201 square miles, or 77,568,640 acres. Population 83,000, besides large tribes of warlike Indians. The principal resource of the country is its minerals. STAMP DUTIES. 93 UTA.I£vi9i^ settled b}^ the Mormons, and wus formed from a part of the territory ceded to the United States by Mexico, by the treaty of Guada- loupe Hidalgo, February 3, 1848, and was organized into a Territory, Sep- tember 9, 1850. Area, 106,382 square miles, or 68,0^4,480 acres. Popula- ton, 40,273, of whom 29 were slaves. Brine, sulphureous and chalybeate springs abound ; limestone, granite, sandstone and marble are found in large quantities ; iron is abundant, and gold, silver, copper, lead and zinc have been found. Not one-fiftieth part of the soil is fit for tillage, but on that which is, abundant crops of grain and considerable cotton are raised. A Convention was held at Great Salt Lake City, January 22, 1862, and a State Constitution formed, but it has not been acted on by Congress. lK?iSIZIJVG TOJVyf&^ settled by emigrants from the Northern and Western States, and was organized into a Territory, March 2, 1853, from the northern portion of Oregon, to which was added another portion from the eastern part when the latter Territory was admitted as a State, February 14, 1859. Area 69,994 square miles, or 48,636,800 acres. Population 11,168, besides numerous tribes of Indians. STAMP DUTIES. SCHEDULE OF DUTIES ON AND AFTER MARCH 1, 1SG7. Stamp Duty. Accidental injuries to persons, tick- ets, or contracts for insurance against, exempt. Affidavits, exempt. Agreement or contract not other- wise specified : For every siieet or piece of paper upon whicli either of the same shall be written, $0 5 Agreement, renewal of,same stamp as original instrument. Appraisement of value or damage, or for any other purpose : For each sheet of paper on which it is written, 5 Assignment of a lease, same stamp as original, and additional stamp upon the value or con- sideration of transfer, accord- ing to the rates of stamps on deeds. (See Conveyance.) Assignment of policy of insurance, same stamp as original instru- ment. (See Insurance.) Assignment of mortgage, same stamp as that required upon a mortgage for the amount re- maining unpaid. (See Mort- gage.) Bank check, draft or order for any sum of money drawn upon any Stamp Duty, bank, banker or trust compa- ny at sight or on demand, 2 When drawn upon any other per- son or persons, companies or corporations, for any sum ex- ceeding $10, at sight or on de- mand, 2 Bill of exchange, (inland,) draft or order for the payment of any sum of money not exceeding $100, otherwise than at sight or on demand, or any promissory note, or any memorandum, check, receipt, or other writ- ten or printed evidence of an amount of money to be paid on demand or at a time designa- ted : For a sum not exceeding $100, 5 And for every additional $100 or fractional part thereof in ex- cess of $100, 5 Bill of exchange, (foreign,) or let- ter of credit drawn in, but pay- able out of, the United States : If drawn singly, same rates of duty as inland bills of exchange or promissory notes. If drawn in sets of three or more, for every bill ol «ach set, where the sum made payable shall not 94 STAMP DUTIES. Stamp Duty. exceed $1011 or the equivalent thereof in any foreign currency 2 And for every additional $100, or fractional part thereof in excess of $100, 2 Bill of lading or receipt (other than charier party) for any goods, merchandise, or effects to be exported from a port or place in the United States to any for- eign port or place, 10 Bill oi' lading to any port in Brit- ish North America, exempt. Bill of lading, domestic or inland, exempt. Bill of sale by which any ship or vessel, or any partthereof,shall be conveyed to or vested in any other person or persons : When the consideration shall not exceed $500, 50 Exceeding $500, and not exceed- ing $l,0ii0. 1 00 Exceeding $1,000, for every ad- ditional $500, or fractional part thereof, 50 Bond for indemnifying any person for the payment of any sum ol money : When the money ulti- mately recoverable thereupon is $1,000 or less, 50 When in excess of $1,000, for each $1,000 or fraction, 50 Bond-administrator or guardian, when the value of the estate and effects, real and personal, does not exceed $1,000, exempt. Exceeding $1,000, 1 UO Bond for due execution or per- formance of duties of office, 100 Bond, personal, for security for the payment of money. (See Mortgage.) Bond of any description, other than such as may be required in le- gal proceedings, or used in con- nection with mortgage deeds, and not otherwise charged in this schedule, 25 Broker' 9 notes. (See Contract.) Certificates of measurement or weight of animals, wood, coal or hay, exempt. Certificates of measurement of oth- er articles, • 5 Certificates of stock in any incor- porated company, 25 Certificates of profits, or any certi- ficate or memorandum showing an interest in the property or accumulations of any incor- porated company : If for a sum not less than $10 and not ex- ceeding $50, 10 Exceeding $50 and not exceed- ing $1,000, 25 Exceeding $1,000, for every ad- ditional $1,000 or fractional part thereof, 25 Certificate. Any certificate of dam- age or otherwise, and all other certificates or documents is- sued by any port warden, ma- Stamp Duty. rine surveyor, or other person acting as such, 25 Certificate of deposit of any sura of money in any bank or trust company, or with any banker or person acting as such : If for a sum not exceeding $100, 2 For a sum exceeding; $100. 5 Certificate of any other descrip- tion than those specified, 5 Charter, renewal of, same stamp as an original instrument. Charter party for the charter of any ship or vessel, or steamer, or any letter, memorandum, or other writing relating to the charter, or any renewal or transfer thereof: If the regis- tered tcnnage of such ship, vessel, or steamer does not ex- ceed 150 tons, 1 (0 Exceeding 150 tons, and not ex- ceeding 300 tons, 3 00 Exceeding 300 tons, and not ex- ceeding (iOO tons, 5 00 Exceeding 000 tons, 10 00 Check. Bank check, 2 Contract. Broker's note, or mem- orandum of sale of any goods or merchandise, exchange, real estate, or property of any kind or description issued by brok- ers or persons acting as such : For each note or memorandum of sale, 10 Bill or memorandum of the sale or contract for the sale of stocks, bonds, gold or silver bullion, coin, promissory notes, or other securities made by brokers, banks, or bankers, either for the benefit of others or on their own account : For each hundred dollars, or frac- tional part thereof, of the amount of such sale or con- tract, 1 Bill or memorandum of the sale or contract for the sale of stocks, bonds, gold or silver bullion, coin, promissory notes, or other securities, not his or their own property, made by any person, firm, or company not paying a special tax as bro- ker, bank or banker : For each hundred dollars, or fractional part thereof, of the amount of such sale or contract, 5 Contract. (See Agreement.) Contract, renewalof, same stamp as original instrument. Conveyance, deed, instrument or writing, whereby any lands, tenements, or other realty sold shall be granted, assigned, transferred, or otherwise con- veyed to or vested in the pur- chaser or purchasers, or any other person or persons, by his, her or their direction, when the consideration or value does not exceed $500, 50 STAMP DUTIES. 95 Stamp Duty. When the consideration exceeds /v'jOO, and does not exceed :!;i,000, 1 00 And lor every additional $500, or fractional part thereof, in ex- cess of §1,U00, 50 Conveyance. The acknowledg- ment of a deed, or proof by a witness, • exempt. Conveyance. Certificate of record of a deed, exempt. Credit, letter of. Same as foreign bill of exchange. Custom-house t-ntry. (See En- try.) Cuiitom-house withdrawals, (bee Entry.) Deed. (See Conveyance — Trust deed.) Draft. Some as inland bill of ex- change Endorsement of any negotiable in- sirument, exempt. Entry of any goods, wares or mer- chandise at any custom-house, ei ther forconsnmption or ware- housing: Not exceeding $100 in value, 25 Exceedin',' $100, and not exceed- in'^ $.^,.'Oin value, 50 Exceeding $500 in value, 1 00 Entry for trie withdrawal of any goods or merchandise from bonded warehouse, 50 Gau^er's returns, exempt. Indorsement upon a stamped obli- gation in acknowledgment of us falfiUmeut, exempt. Insnrance (life) policy : When the amount insured shall not ex- ceed $1,0U0, 25 50 1 00 10 Kiceeding $1,000, and not ex- ceeding $"i,oon. E.xceeding $.5,000, lu Ml ranee (marine, inland, and fire,) policies, or renewal of the 8;ime : If the premium does not exceed $10, E;;ceeding $10, and not exceed- ing $.-jO, 2: Exceeding $50, 5( Insurance coutr.acts or tickets against accidental injuries to persons, exempt Lease, agreement, memorandum, or contract for the hire, use, or rent of any land, tenement, or portion thereof: Where the vent or rental value is $300 per annum or less, Where the rent or rental value exceeds the sum of $300 per annum, for each additional $200, or fractional part thereof in excess of $300, Legal documents : Writ, or other original process, iiy which any suit, either crim- inal or civil, is commenced in any court, either of law or equi- ty, Confession of judgment or co^ novit, exempt Wrlis or other process on ap- 50 50 1 00 3 00 5 00 exempt. Stamp Duty, peals from justice courts or other courts of inferior juris- diction to a court of record. exempt. Warrant of distress. exempt. Letters of administration. (See Probate of will.) Letters testamentary, when the value of the estate and effects, real and personal, does not ex- ceed $1,000, Exempt. Exceeding $1,000, 5 Letters of credit. Same as bill of exchange, (foreign.) Manifest for custom-house entry or clearance of the cargo of any ship, vessel, or steamer, for a foreign port : If the registered tonnage of such ship, vessel, or steamer does not exceed .300 tons. Exceeding 300 tons, and not ex- ceeding"600 tons. Exceeding 600 tons, [These provisions do not ap- ply to vessels or steamboats plying between ports of the TJnited States and British Korth America.] Measurers' returns, exempt. Memorandum of sale, or broker's note. (See Contract.) Mortgage of lands, estate, or pro- perty, real or personal, herita- ble or movable, whatsoever, a trust deed in the nature of a mortgage, or any personal bond given as security for the pay- ment of any definite or certain sum of money ; exceeding $100, and not exceeding $500, Exceeding $500, and not exceed- ing $1,000, And for every additional $500, or fractional part thereof, in ex- cess of $1,000, Order for payment of money, if the amount is $10, or over. Passage ticket on any vessel from a port in the United States to a foreign port, not exceeding $35, Exceeding |35, and not exceed- ing $50, And for every additonal $50, or fractional part thereof, in ex- cess of $50, Passage tickets to ports in Brit- ish North America, 50 1 00 50 50 1 00 1 00 Pawner's checks. Power of attorney for the sale or transfer of any stock, bonds or scrip, or for the collection of any dividends or interest there- on. Power of attorney, or proxy, for voting at any election for offi- cers of any incorporated com- pany or society, except reli- gious, charitable, or literary societies, or public cemeteries. Power of attorney to receive or col- lect rent. Power of attorney to sell and con- vey real estate, or to rent or exempt. 96 STAMP DUTIES. Stamp Dntv. lease the Bame, 1 00 Power of attorney for any other purpose, 50 Probate of will, or letters of admiu ■ istration; where the estate and effects for oriu respect of which such probate or letters of ad- ministration applied for shall be sworn or declared not to ex- ceed the value of $1,000, exempt. Exceeding $1,(KK), and not ex- ceeding $2,000, 1 00 Exceeding $2,000, for every ad- ditional $1,000, or fractional part thereof, in excess of $2,000, 50 Promissory note. (See Bill of ex- cliauge, inland.) Deposit note to mutual insurance companies, when policy is sub- ject to duty, exempt. Reuewal of a note, subject to the same duty as an original note. Protest of note, bill of exchange, acceptance, check, or draft, or any marine protest, 25 Quit-claim deed to be stamped as a conveyance, except when giv- en as a release of a mortgage by the mortgagee to the mort- gagor, in H-hich case it is ex- empt ; but if it contains cove- nants may be subject as an agreement or corutract. Keceipts for satisfaction of any mortgage or judgment or de- cree of any court, exempt. Keceipts for any sum of money or debt due, or for a draft or oth- er instrument given for the payment ol money ; exceeding $20, not being for satisfaction of any mortgage or judgment or decree of court, 2 (See Indorsement.) Receipts for the delivery of pro- „ Perty. exempt. Renewal of agreement, contract or charter, by letter or otherwise, same stamp as original instru- ment. Sheriff's return on writ or other process, exempt. Trust deed, made to secure a debt, to be stamped as a mortgage. Warehouse receipts, exempt. Warrant of attorney accompany- ing a bond or note, if the bond or note is stamped, exempt. Weigher's returns, exempt. Official documents, instruments, and papers issued by officers of the United States Govern- ment, exempt. Official instruments, documents, and papers issued by the offi- cers of any State, county,town, orother municipal corporation, in the exercise of functions strictly belonging to them in their ordinary governmental or municipal capacity, exempt. Papers necessary to be used for • Stamp Duty, the collection from the United States Government of claims by soldiers, or their legal rep- resentatives, for pensions, back pay, bounty, or for prop- erty lost in the service, exempt CANCELLATION. In all cases where an adhesive stamp is used for denoting the stamp duty upon an instrument, the person using or affixing the same must write or imprint thereupon i/i ink the initials of his name, and the date (the year, month, and day) on which the same is attached or used. Each stamp should be separately cancelled. When stamps are printed upon checks, &c., so tlmt in filling up the instrument, the face of the stamp is and must necessarily be writ- ten across, no other cancellation will be re- quired. All cancellation must be distinct and legi- ble, and except in the case of proprietary stamps from private dies, no method of cancellation which differs from that above described can be recognized as legal and sufficient. PENALTIES. A penalty of fifty dollars is imposed upon every person who makes, signs, or issues, or who causes to be made, signed, or issu- ed, any paper of any kind or description whatever, or who accepts, negotiates, or pays, or causes to be accepted, negotiated, or paid, any bill of exchange, draft, or or- der, or promissory note, for the payment of money, without the same being duly stamp- ed, or hiaving thereupon an adhesive stamp for denoting the tax chargeable thereon, cancelled in the manner required by law, with intent to evade the provisions of the revenue act. A penalty of two hundred dollars is im- posed upon every person who pays, nego- tiates, or offers in payment, or receives or takes in payment, any bill of exchange or order for the payment of any sum of money drawn or purporting to be drawn in a for- eign country, but payable in the United States, until the proper stamp has been af- fixed thereto. A penalty of fifty dollars is imposed upon every person who fraudulently makes use of an adhesive stamp to denote the duty re- quired by the revenue act, without effectu- ally cancelling and obliterating the same in the manner required by law. Attention is particularly called to the fol- lowing extract from section 155, of the act of June 30, 1864, as amended by the act of July 13, 1866 : "If any person shall wilfully remove or cause to be removed, alter or cause to be al- tered, the cancelling or defacing marks on any adhesive stamp, with intent to use the same, or to cause the use of the same, after it shall have been used once, or shall know- ingly or wilfully sell or buy such washed or restored stamps, or offer the same for sale, or give or expose the same to any per. STAMP DUTIES. 97 son for nse, or knowingly nse the same or prepare the eame with intent for the fur- ther nse thereof, or If any person shall knowinsly and without lawful excuse ^the proof whereof shall lie on the person accus- ed) have in his possession any washed, re- stored, or altered stamps, which have been removed from any vellum, parchment, pa- per, instrument or writing ; then, and in every such case, every person so offending, and every person knowingly and wilfully aiding, abetting, or assisting in committing any such offence as aforesaid, shall, on con- viction thereof, * * * be punished by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars, or by imprisonment and confinement to hard labor not exceeding five years, or both, at the discretion of the court." It is not lawful to record any instrument, document, or paper required by law to be stamped, or any copy thereof, unless a stamp or stamps of the proper amount have been affixed and cancelled in the manner required by law ; and such instrument or copy and the record thereof are utterly null and void, and cannot be used or admitted as evidence in any court until the defect has been cured as provided in section 15S. All willful violations of the law should be reported to the United States District Attor- ney within and for the district where they are committed. GENERAL EEMARKS. Revenue stamps may be used indiscrimi- nately upon any of the matters or things enumerated in Schedule B, except proprie- tary and playinf' card stamps, for which a special use has oeen provided. Postage stamps cannot be used in pay- ment of the duty chargeable on instru- ments. The law does not designate which of the parties to an instrument shall furnish the necessary stamp, nor does the Commission- er of Internal Revenue assume to determine that it shall be supplied by one party rather ihan by another ; but if an instrument sub- ject to stamp duty is issued without having the necessary stomps affixed thereto, it can- not be recorded, or admitted, or used in ev- idence, in any court, until a legal stamp or stamps, denoting the amount of tax, shall have been affixed as prescribed by law, and the person who thus issues it is liable to a penalty, if he omits the stamps with an in- tent to evade the provisions of the internal revenue act. The first act imposing a stamp tax upon certain specified instruments took effect, so fiir as said tax is concerned, October 1, isGi. The impression which seems to prevail to some extent, that no stamps are required upon any instruments issued in the States lately in insurrection, prior to the surren- der, or prior to the establishment of collec- tion districts there, is erroneous. Instruments issued in those States since October 1, 1862. are subject to the same tax- es as similar ones issued at the same time in the other States. No stamp is necessary upon an instrument executed prior to October 1, 1862, to make it admissible in evidence, or to entitle it to record. Uertiflcates of loan in which there shall appear any written or printed evidence of an amount of money to be paid on demand, or at a time designated, are subject to stamp duty as "promissory notes." When two or more persons join in the ex- ecution of an instrument, the stamp to which the instrument is liable under the law. may be affixed and cancelled by either of them ; and "when more than one signature is affix- ed to the same paper, one or more stamps may be affi.xed thereto, representing the whole amount of the stamp required for such signatures." No stamp is required on any warrant of attorney accompanying a bond or note, when such bond or note has affixed thereto the stamp or stamps denoting the duty re- quired ; and, whenever any bond or note is secured by mortgage, but one stamp duty is required on such papers — such stamp duty being the highest rate required for such in- struments, or either of them. In such case a note or memorandum of the value or de- nomination of the stamp affixed should be made upon the margin or in the acknowl- edgement of the instrument which is not stamped. Particular attention is called to the change in section 154, by striking out the words "or used ;" the exemption thereun- der is thus restricted to documents, &c., ig8-md by the officers therein named. Also to the changes in sections 152 and 158, by inserting the words "and cancelled in the manner required by law." The acceptor or acceptors of any bill of exchange, or order for the payment of any sum of money, drawn or purporting to be drawn in any foreign country, but payable in the United States, must, before paying or accepting the same, place thereupon a stamp indicating the duty. It is only upon conveyances of realty sold that convej'ance stamps are necessa?}'. A deed of real estate made without valuable consideration need not be stamped as a conveyance ; but if it contains covenants, such, for instance, as a covenant to warrant and defend the title, it should be stamped as an agreement or contract. When a deed purporting to be a convey- ance of realty sold, and stamped according- ly, is inoperative, a deed of confirmation, made simply to cure the defect, requires no stamp. In such case, the second deed should contain a recital of the facts, and should show the reasons for its execution. Partition deeds between tenants in com- mon, need not be stamped as conveyances, inasmuch as there is no sale of realty, but merely a marking out, or a defining, of the boundaries of the part belonging to each ; but where money or other valuable cont^id- eration is paid by one co-tenant to another for equality of partition, there is a sale to the extent of such consideration, and the conveyance, by the party receiving it, should be stamped accordingly. A conveyance of lands sold for unpaid taxes, issued since August 1, 1866, by the officers of any county, town,- or other mu- 98 STAMP DUTIES. nicipal corporation in the discharge of their Btrictly official duties, is exempt from stamp [ax. A conveyance of realty sold, subject to a mortgage, should be stamped according to the consideration, or the value of the prop- erty uriencumbered. The consideration in such case is to be found by adding the amount paid for the equity of redemption to the mortgage debt. The fact that one part of the consideration is paid to the mortgagor and the other part to the mort- gagee does not change the liability of the conveyance. The stamp tax upon a mortgage is based upon ihe amount it is given to secure. The fact that the value of the property mortgag- ed is less than that amount, and that conse- quently the security is only partial, does not change the liability of the instrument. When, therefore, a second mortgage is giv- en to secure the payment of a sum of mon- ey partially secured hy a prior mortgage up- on other property, or when two mortgages upon separate property are given at the same time to secure the payment of the same sum, each should be stamped as though it were the only one. A mortgage given to secure a surety from loss, or given for any purpose whatever, other than as security for the paj'ment of a deftnite and certain sum of money, is taxa- able only as an agreement or contract. The stamp duty upon a lease, agreement, memorandum, orcostractfor the hire, use, or rent of any land, tenement, or portion thereof, is based upon the annual rent or rental value of the property leased, and the duty is the same whether the lease be for one year, for a term of years, or for the fractional part of a year only. Upon every assignment or transfer of a mortgage, ,r stamp tax is required equal to that imposed upon a mortgage for the amount remaining unpaid ; this tax is re- quired upon every'such transfer in writing, whether there is a sale of the mortgage or not ; but no stamp is necessary upon the endorsement of a negotiable instrument, even though the legal efiect of such indorse- ment is to transfer a mortgage by which the instrument Is secured. An assignment of a lease within the mean- ing and intent of Schedule B, is an assign- ment of the leasehold, or of some portion thereof, by the lessee, or by some person claiming by, from, or under him ; such an assignment as subrogates the assignee to the rights, or some portion of the rights, of the lessee, or of the person standing in his place. A transfer by the lesso?- of his part of a lease, neither giving nor purporting to give a claim to the leasehold, or to any I)art thereof, but simply aright to the rents, &c., is subject to stamp tax as a contract or agreement only. The s:amp ta.x upon a fire insurance policy is based upon the prem'nim. Deposit notes taken by a mutual fire in- surance company, not as payment of pre- mium nor as evidence of Indebtedness therefor, but to be used simply as a basis upon which to make rateable assessments to meet the losses incurred by the company, should not be reckoned as premium in de- termining the amount of stamp taxes upon the policies. When a policy of insurance properly stamped has been issued and lost, no st.imp is necessary upon another issued by tlie same company to the same party, covering the same property, time, &c., and designed simply to supply the loss. The second policy should recite the loss of the first. An instrument which operates as the re- newal of a jiolicy of insurance, is subject to the same stamp tax as the policy. When a policy of insurance is Issued for a certain time, whether it be for one year only or for a term of years, a receipt for premium, or any other instrument v.'hich has the legal effect to continue the contract and extend its operation beyond that, tune, re- quires the same amount of revenue stamps as the policy itself; but such a receipt as is usually given for the payment of the monthly, quarterly, or annual premium, is not a renewal within the meaning of the statute. The payment simply prevents the policy from expiring, by reason of non-per- formance of its conditions ; a receipt given for such a payment requires a two-cent stamp, if the amount received exceeds twenty dollars, and a two-cent stamp only. When, however, the time ot payment has passed, and a tender of the premium is not sutticieut to bind the company, but a new policy or a new contract in some form, with the mutuality essential to every contract, becomes necessary between the insurer and the insured, the same amount of stamps should be used as that required upon the original policy. A permit issued by a life insurance com- pany changing the terms of a policy as to travel, restdence, occupation, ifcc, should be stamped as a contract or agreement. A bill single or a bill obligatory, i. «., an instrument in the form of a promissory note, under seal, is subject to stamp duty as written or printed evidence of an amount of money to be paid on demand or at a time designated, at the rate of five cents for each one hundred dollars or fractional part thereof. A waiver of protest, or of demand and notice, written upon negotiable paper and signed by the indorser, is an agreement, aiid requires a five-cent stamp. A stamp duty of twenty-five cents is im- posed upon the "protest of every note, bill of exchange, check or draft," and upon every marine protest. If several notes, bills of exchange, drafts, &c.. are protest- ed at the same time and all attached tonne and the same certificate, stamps slumkl be affixed to the amount of twenty-five cents for each note, bill, draft, &c., thus protest- ed. When, as is generally the case, the cap- tion to a deposition contains other certifi- cates in addition to the jurat to the affida- vit of the deponent, such as a certificate that the parties were or were not notified, that they did or did not appear, that they did or did not objei-t, &c., it is subject to a stamp duty of fiv jents. When au attested cojiy of a writ or other STAMP DUtlE8> 99 process Is nsedbya sheriff or other person iu making persoual service, or iu attaching property, a five-cunt i-tamp should be attix^ ed to the certificate of attestation. A marriage certificate issued by the offl ciating clergyman or magistrate, to be re- turned to any officer of a State, county, city, town, or other municipal corporation, to constitute part of a public record, requires no stamp; but if it is to be retained by the parties, a five-cent stamp should be af- fixed. The stnmp tax upon a bill of sale, by which any ship or vessel, or any part there- of, is conveyed to or vested in any other person or persons, is at the same rate as that imposed upon conveyances of realty sold; a bill of sale of any other personal property should be stamped as a contract or agreement. An assignment of real or personal prop- c-tj', or of both, for the benefit of creditors, should be stamped as an agreement or con- tract. Written or printed assignments of agree- ments, bonds, notes not negotiable, and of all other instruments the assignments of which are not particularly specified in the foregoing schedule, should be stamped as agreements. No stamp is necessary upon the registry of a judgment, even though the registry is such in Its legal effect as to create a lien which operates as a mortgage upon the property of the judgment debtor. When a "power of attorney or proxy for voting at any election for officers of any incorporated company or society, except religions, charitable, or literary societies, or public cemeteries," is signed by sever- al stockholders, owning separate and dis- tinct shares, it is, in its legal efi"ect, the separate instrument of each, and requires stamps to the amount if ten cents for each and every signature ; one' or more stamps maybeusedreprescuting the whole amount required. A notice from landlord to tenant to quit possession of premises requires no stamp. A stamp tax is imposed upon every "manifest for custom-house entry or clear- ance of the cargo of any ship, vessel, or steamer for a foreign port." The amount of this tax in each case depends upon the registered tonnage of the vessel. If a vessel clears in ballast and has no cargo w'hatever, no stamp is necessary ; but if she has any-however small the amount — a stamp should be used. A bond to convey real estate requires stamps to the amount of twenty-five cents. The stamp duty upon the probate of a will, or upon letters of administration, is based upon the sworn or declared value of all the estate and efiects, real, personal, and mixed, undiminished by the debts of the estate for or in respect of which such probate or letters are applied for. When the property belonging to the es- tate of a person deceased, lies under dif- ferent jurisdictions and it becomes neces- sary to take out letters in two or more places, thi- letters should be stamped ac- cording to the value of all the property, real, personal, and mixed, for or in respect oi which the particular letters in each case are issued. Letters de bonis non should be stamped according to the amount of property re- maining "to be administered upon thereun- der, regardless of the stamps upon the orig- inal letters. A mere copij of an instrument is not sub- ject to stamp duty unless it is a certified one, in which case a five-cent stamp should be affixed to the certificate ot the person attesting it ; but when an instrument is executed and issued in duplicate, triplicate, Ac, as in the case of a lease of two or more parts, each part has the same legal eft'ect as the other, and each should be stamped as an original. C7 100 POSTAL RATES AND REGULATIONS. POSTAL KATES AND REG-ITLATIOI^S. Letters. — Tlie law requires postage on all letters (including those to foreign coun^ tries when prepaid), exceptins those writ- ten to the President or Vice President, or members of Congress, or (on oflicial busi- ness) to the chiefs of the executive depart- ments of the Government, and the heads of bureaux and chief clerks, and others invest- ed with the franking privilege, to be pre- paid by stamps or stamped envelopes, pre- payment in money being prohibited. All drop-letters must be prepaid. The rate of postage on drop-letters, at offices where tree delivery by carrier is establish- ed, is two cents per half ounce or fraction of a half ounce ; at offices where such free delivery is not established the rate is one cent. The single rate of postage on all domes- tic mail "letters throughout the United States, is three cents per half ounce, with an additional rate of three cents for each additional half ounce or fraction of a half ounce. The ten cent (Pacific) rate is abol- ished. Newspapers, etc. — Letter postage is to be chafged on all handbills, circulars, or other printed matter which shall contain any manuscript writing whatever. ^Daguerreotypes, when sent in the mail, are to be charged with letter postage by weight. Photographs on cards, paper, and other flexible material, (not in cases), can be sent at the same rate as miscellaneous printed matter, viz., two cents for each four ounces or fraction thereof Photograph Albums are chargeable with book postage — four cents for each four ounces or fraction thereof. Newspaper Postage. — Postnge on daily papers to subscribers when prepaid quar- terly or yearly in advance, either at the mailing olhce or office of delivery, per quarter (three months), :-i5 cts. ; six times per week, i)cr quarter 30 cts. ; for tri-week- ly, per quarter 15 cts. ; for semi-weekly, per quarter 10 cts, ; for weekly, per quarter 6 cents. Weekly newspapers (one copy only) sent by the publislier to actual subscribers with- in the county where printed and published, free. Postage per quarter (to be paid quarterly or yearly in advance) on newspapers and periodicals isstted less frequently than once a week, Fcnt to actual subscribers in any part of the United States: Semimonthly, not over 4 oz., 6 cts ; over 4 oz. and not over 8 oZ., 12 cts. ; over 8 oz. and not over 12 oz., IS cts. ; monthly, not over 4 oz.,. 3 cts ■ over 4 oz. and not over 8 oz., 6 cts. ; over 8 oz. and not over 12 oz,, 9 cts. ; quarterly, not over 4 oz., 1 cent ; over 4 oz. and not over 8 oz., 2 cts. ; over 8 oz. and not over 12 oz., 3 cts. Transient Matter.— Books not over 4 oz. in Weight, to one address, 4 cts. ; over 4 oz. and not over 8 oz., 8 cts. ; over 8 oz. and not over 12 oz., 12 cts. ; over 12 oz, and not over 16 oz., 16 cts. Circulars not exceeding three in number to one address, 2 cts. ; over 3 and not over 6, 4 cts. ; over 6 and not over 9, 6 cts. ; over 9 and not exceeding 12, 8 cts. On miscellaneous mailable matter, (em- bracing all pamphlets, occasional publica- tions, transient newspapers, hand-bills and posters, book manuscripts and proof-sheets, whether corrected or not, maps, prints, en- gravings, sheet music, blanks, flexible pat- terns, samples, and sample cards, phono- graphic paper, letter envelopes, postal en- velopes or Wrappers, cards, paper, plain or ornamental, photographic representations of different types, seeds, cuttings, bulbs, roots and scions,) the postage to be pre-paid by stamps, is on one package, to one ad- dress, not over 4 oz. in Aveight, 2 cts. ; over 4 oz. and not over 8 oz., 4 cts. ; over 8 oz. and not over 12 oz., 6 cts. ; over 12 oz. and not over 16 oz., 8 cts. The weight of pack- ages of seeds, cuttings, roots and scions, to be franked, is limited to thirty-two ounces. [All printed matter (except single cop- ies of newspapers, magazines, and periodi- cals to regular subscribers) sent via over- land mail, is to be charged at letter post- age rates.] Any word or communication, whether by printing, writing, marks or signs, upon the cover or wrapper of a newspaper, pamphlet, magazine, or other printed matter, other than the name or address of the person to whom it is to be sent, and the date when the subscription expires, subjects the pack- age to letter postage. POSTAL BATES AND REGULATIONS. 101 mii 1 1 S p, .1 00Oe0C0OO«»(N9»0»(N(J» •^» 5'S"fl T-irlT-it-lr-lirJi-lrtTHtHrt 0>, "Sl :; B^o 1-. s ar^=^ Isi o — £!— '" a. c fi '^ *fl3 ^ SSOO^-JSOOMOOOOOO ^1 3 ,-ir-l >-<©».-li-lrHi-li-l goS. M a N O t- o ^•2 -a ^• g > s 2 Tf^Ol-^OrtOOlOOOOOGOQO of a g Cm .4^ "- fl _^ rZ) 0) u ss 2^d «-s> * ca ^ eoooocoiooi-t-t-t-t-t- 53 3 P«^ 0.9. 7.^ %t m p< ^ ■a ffl" U •3g 0. SSSSSiSS :2gS Sm P « '^^'^ TJ ■»-» . mooi-Hiooo-roojcooo o-p g »-lr-l(N C 4> y - m ^ ^ -d ■^ oeotoo 10 10 «-*•>!)<« 10 10 a r1i-lr-10«rH,-(rHi-crtr1r^T-C fc « 5 : ^^ OS ■ M : B ■ '3--> a.2 El h'2 3 12; .2 3 u as & a x ^ PS ^OJ ■3 fl2 *C tsas S3 <85«ss, : Vcc-s:^ : ^^ OS (U*J t.,03'0^ a S g|SS-S£«&oSg? iz; e cc ;?;« OCl l-< ^ ^ r< W 2 w 5 « ~ 111 S°^ o '^ 'CO a- so 01 a-a CS 'in a 13 M a) < g O 1> Art W ? « ^i2. < P-l 03 5 l- -a O *j rt" « « So a 0-? a VScQ ® tS o ti o ^ „ ^-, P.S mCU B^ cS S-" 31*5 £ S £ w §S5 O I- _ o a> C3 il 3 >•Elr o S o'S J3 S h» « o< >- IZ «> (U 01 R Ej is " > .2 .S-I^o a a ^ >~^ '' SS§"I§| ^■*^ •tea) o o S-s^g if ^ n t- ? C ff"^ _ ong .S-^ . '^ "^ ^"C ^' a a'2j22«j3>yi3 5*>:c« Sag «-< 2 £ £g f^ ^ 2 ** C '^ ."ti h n ^ ^ ^ " y CD o § « S ^ ii 102 POSTAL RA TES' A:ND BEGULA TIONS. Additional Table of Fc^relgii Postage. The * indicates that, unless the letter is regirWt^re*!,- prepayment is Optional; in all other cases it is regnired. § Pamphlets and Perwdlcal;^, fdii cents per four ounces or fraction thereof. J Pamphlets, Magazines, &c., tw3 oetitl* per lour oudcee Or fraction thereof. COUNTRIES. Acapulco Argentine Republic, 23d eachmonth from N. Y. A«pinwall Australia, British Mail, via Panama Bahamas, by direct steamer from New York. .. Bogota, New Granada Bolivia Brazils, 22d each month from New York Buenos Ayres, 22d each month from. New York. Canada, any distance Central America, Pacific Slope, via Panama Chili, British Mail, via. Panama China, via San Francisco Costa Rica Cuba. Ecuador, British Mail,)Via Panama. .^.. . Guatemala Havana Honduras Hong Kong, via San Francisco ........ Japan, via Saa Francisco > Mexico Montevideo, 22d each month from N. Y Nassau, N. Prov., by direct steamer from N. Y. . New Brunswick Newfoundland, (15 c. if over 3,000 miles) New Granada, (except Aspinwall and Panama). , Nicaragua, Pacific Slope, via Panama do Gulf Coast of Novia Scotia (* 15 cts. if over 3.O00 miles) Panama ^ Peru, British Mail, via Panama Porto Rico, Bri'sh Alail, via Havana or San Juan. Prince Edwards's Island, [under 3,i'00 miles] Sandwich Islands, by mail to San Francisco Turk's Island Uruguay, by Am. pkt. 22d each mouth from N. Y. . Vancouver's Island Venezuela, British Mail, via Aspinwall do by American Ven. packet Letters. 16 ie> ^1 8 The recent post.il treaty with Great Britain provides that besides letters and newspa- pers, "book' packets," and '-packets of patterns and samples," may be sent. Such packets — 1. Must cont»in- no -writing. 2. Must be' fa'tlyprepaid (6 cents per 4 ounces from the U. S., or 3 pence sterling from Great Britain.) 3. Must be <»pen at the ends to allow inspection. Samples of merchandise must not be of intrinsic value. Dutialile -articles— books, music, &c., sent from Great Britain to the United States, must, in addition to the postage, pay tlie regular duties, which are — On books and eugraviBgs, 25 per cent.; music and photographs, 20 per cent. liVLES FOR DETECTING COUNTERFEIT BANK NOTES. 103 Infallible Rules for Detecting Counterfeit or Spurious Bank Notes. RuLB 1st.— Examine the shading of the letters in title of IJank called lathework, wbich iu genuine notes presents an even, straight, light and silky appearance, gen- erally so fine and smooth as to appear to be all in one solid, pale body. In the counter- feit the lines are coarse and irregular, and in many of the longer lines breaks will be perceived, thus presenting a very inferior finish in comparison to genuine work. 2d.— Observe the dies, circles and ovals in the genuine ; they are composed of a network of lines, which, by crossing each other at certain angles, produce an endless variety of figures ; see thk one cent stamp ATTACHED. The fine line alone is the unit which enables you to detect spurious work. In the counterfeit, the represented white lines are coarse, irregular, and cross each other in a confused, irregular manner, thus producing blurred and imperfect figures. 3d.— Examine the form and features of all human figures on the note. In the gen- uine, the te.xture of the skin is represented by fine dots and lines intermixed. In the eyes, the pupil is distinctly visible, and the white clearly seen ; the nose, mouth and chin, well formed, natural and expressive; the lips are slightly pouting, and the chin Vi'ell thrown out; and the delicate shading of the neck perfectly harmonizes with the rest of the figure. Observe the fingers and toes ; they should be clearly and accurately defined. The hair of the head should show the fine strands and present a natural ap- pearance. The folds of the drapery of hu- man figures should lay natural and present a fine, finished appearance. In the counter- feit the female figure does not bear the natural prominence in outlines ; observe, the eyes and shading surrounding does not present the lifelike appearance it should. The fins^'ers and toes are not properly and proportionately defined ; the hair does not bear that soft and finished appearance as in the genuine. 4th. — Kxamine the imprint or engraver's names in the evenness and shape of the fine letters. Counterfeits never bear the imprint perfect. This rule should be strict- ly observed, as it is infallible in detecting counterfeits. 5th.— In the genuine note the landscapes are well finished : trees and shrubs are neatly drawn ; the limbs well proportioned, and the foliage presenting a fine natural appearance ; clear sky is formed of fine parallel lines, and when clouds or heavy skies appear, they cross each other, and bear a soft, smooth and natural appear- ance. The perspective, showing a view of the surrounding country, is always clear and distinct. The small figures in the background are aUyjjys plainTy seen, and their outlines and'general character re- cognized. Ships are well defined and the canvass has a clear texture ; railroad cars are very accurately delineated ; in examin- ing a train observe carefully the car most distant. In the counterfeit the landscape is usually poorly executed ; the leaves of trees poorly and unnaturally defined.— The lines representing still water are scratchy rather than parallel, the sky is represented generally in like manner, and where rolling clouds are to be seen, the unnatural effect is obvious. Domestic animals are generally poorly executed, particularly the head and limbs ; the eyes are seldom clearly defined. Ships are poorly drawn, the texture of the canvass coarse and inferior in style of workman- ship, thus giving an artificial appearance. Railroad cars are Also poorly executed ; the car farthest fiom the eye is usually the most imperfect. The perspective is always impei'fect, the figures iu the background can seldom be recognized. 6th.— Bills altered from a smaller to a higher denomination, can readily be de- tected by a close observer, in consequence of the striking diflerence between the parts which have been extracted and the rest of the note. This difference is readily per- ceived in the lack of color, body and finish of the dye; we have seen bills where the surrounding shading in altered dies was 104 HOW TO SUCCEED IN BUSINESS. too dark, but from the back or finish of the white lines you have a sure test. Again observe particularly the vf orda " Five " or " Ten Dollars " as the case may be, denot- ing the denomination of the note ; the parallel outlines and shading (if any) are coarse and imperfect. Alterations are fre- quently made by pastinj' a greater denomi- nation over a smaller, out by holding the bill up to the light, the fraud will be per- ceived. Another method resorted to is to cut out the figures in the dies as well as the words one dollar, or the words two or three as the case may be, and with a sharp eraser, scrape down the ends and also the edges of the pieces to be inserted ; when the pieces thus i^repared are affixed they are hardly perceivable ; but by passing the note through the hand, so as to feel the die both with the finger and thumb at the same time, the fraud will be de- tected by the stiffness of the outer edges, " occasioned by the gum or method adopted" in affixing the parts. The letter S should always be examined, as in many alterations it is pasted or stamped at the end of the word " dollar;" and even when stamped there, the carrying out of the out- lines for its shading will readily show the fraud. Bills of broken banks are frequent- ly altered by extracting the name of bank, state and town ; they may readily be de- tected by observing first the state, second the title or name of the bank, third the town or location. General Remarks in Reference to Counterfeits. — The paper on which they are printed is generally of a very inferior quality, with less body, finish and tough- ness than bank note paper has. The ink generally lacks the rich luster of the gen- uine ; the red letters and figures are gen- erally imperfect, and the ink does not pre- sent the Vermillion hue as it should. The printing is generally inferior, usually ex- hibiting specks of white in the most promi- nent letters. The date and filling up, and the President's and Cashier's names are generally written by the same person, although in many instances they present a diflierent appearance. There are bills in circulation bearing either genuine dies or vignettes ; but upon close examination you will be enabled to detect any spurious bill, whether counterfeit or altered, by the instructions here given, if persevered in for a short time. We beg to suggest, it time will admit, the learner should examine minutely every bill he receives. A pow- erful pocket magnifying glass, which can be purchased for from fifty cents to one dol- lar at any of the opticians, will greatly en- able you to see and comprehend the dift'er- ence between genuine and spurious work. HOW TO SUCCEED IN BUSINESS. What will my readers give to know how to get rich ? Now, I will not vouch that the following rules will enable every per- son who may read; them to acquire wealth ; but this I will answer for, that if ever a man does grow rich by honest means, and retains his wealth for any length of time, he must practice upon the prmciples laid dbwn in the following essay. The re- marks are not original with me, but I strongly commend mem to the attention of every young man, at least as affording the true secret of success in attaining wealth. A single perusal of such an essay at an impressible moment, has sometimes a very wonderful efiect upon the disposi- tion and character. Fortune, they say, is a fickle dame— full of her freaks and caprices; who blindly distributes her favors without the slightest discrimination. So inconstant, so waver- ing is she represented, that her most faith- ful votaries can place no reliance on her promises. Disappointment, they tell us, is the lot of those who make ofierings at her shrine. Now, all this is a vile slander upon the dear blind lady. Although wealth often appears the result of mere accident, or a fortunate concur- rence of favorable circumstances without any exertion of skill or foresight, yet any man of sound health and unimpaired mind may become wealthy, if he takes the prop- er steps. Foremost in the list of requisites are honesty and strict integrity in every trans- action of life. Let a man have the reputa- tion of being fair and upright in his deal- ings, and he will possess the confidence of all who know him. Without these qualities every other merit will prove unavailing. Ask concerning a man, " Is he active and capable?" Yes. "Industrious, temper- ate and regular in his habits ? "—Oh yes. "Is he honest? Is he trustworthy?" Why, as to that, I am sorry to say that he is not to be trusted ; he needs watching ; he is a little tricky, and will take an undue advantage, if he can. "Then. I will have nothing to do with him," will be the in- now TO SUCCEED m business. 105 variable reply. Why, then, is honesty the best policy ? Because, without it, you will get a bad name, and everybody will shun you. A character for knavery will prove an in- surmountable obstacle to success in al- most every undertaking. It will be found that the straight line is, in business, as in geometrj', the shortest. In a word, it is almost impossible for a dishonest man to acquire wealth by a regular process of bus- iness, because he is shunned as a depreda- tor upon society. Needy men are apt to deviate from the rule of integrity, under the plea that ne- cessity knows no law ; they might as well add that it knows no shame. The course is suicidal, and by destroying all confidence, ever keeps them immured in poverty, although they may possess every other quality for success in the world. Punctuality, which is said to be the soul of business, is another important element in the art of money getting. The man known to be scrupulously exact in the ful- fillment of his engagements, gains the confidence of all, and may command all the means he can use with advantage : whereas, a man careless and regardless of his promises in money matters will have every purse closed against him. Therefore be prompt in your payments. Next, let us consider the advantages of a cautious circumspection in our inter- course with the world. Slowness of be- lief and a proper distrust are essential to success. The credulous and confiding are ever the dupes of knaves and impostors. Ask those who have lost their property how it happened, and you will find in most cases that it has been owing to mis- placed confidence. One has lost by en- dorsing, another by crediting, another by false representations ; all of which a little more foresight and a little more dis- trust would have prevented. In the af- fairs of this world men are not saved by faith, but by the want of it. Judge of men by what they do, not by what they say. Believe in looks rather than words. Observe all their movements. Ascertain their motives and their ends. Notice what they say or do in their un- guarded moments, when under the influ- ence of excitement. The passions have been compared to tortures which force men to reveal their secrets. Before trusting a man, before putting it in his power to cause you a loss, possess yourself of every available information relative to him. Learn his history, his habits, inclinations and propensities ; his reputation for honor, industry, fruga ity and punctuality; his prospects, resources, supports, advantages and disadvantages ; his intentions and mo- tives of action; who are his friends and enemies, and what are his good or bad qual- ities. You may learn a man's good qualities and advantages from his frieuds— his bad qualities and disadvantages from his ene- mies. Make due allowance for exaggeration in both. Finally, examine carefully before engaging in anything, and act with energy afterwards. Have the hundred eyes of ArgxiB beforehand, and the hundred hands of Briarius afterwards. Order and system in the management of business must not be neglected. Nothing contributes more to dispatch. Have a place for everything and everything in its place ; a fime for everything, and every- thing in its time. Do first what presses most, and having determined what is to be done, and how it is to be done, lose no time in doing it. Without this method all is hurry and confusion, little or nothing is accomplished, and business is attended to with neither pleasure nor profit. A polite, aflTable deportment is recom- mended. Agreeable manners contribute powerfully to a man's success. Take two men, possessing equal advantages in every other respect, but let one be gentlemanly, kind, obliging and conciliating in his man- ners ; the other harsh, rude and disobliging; and the one will become rich, while the other will starve. We are now to consider a very important principle in the business of money-getting, namely — Industry — persevering, indefati- gable attention to business. Persevering diligence is the Philosopher's stone, which turns everything to gold. Constant, regu- lar, habitual and systematic application to business, must in time, it properly directed, produce great results, it must lead to wealth, with the same certainty that pov- erty follows in the train of idleness and inattention. It has been truly remarked that he who follows his amusements in- stead of his business, will, in a short time, have no business to follow. The art of money-saving is an important part of the art of money-getting. Without frugality no one can become rich ; with it, few would be poor. Those who consume as fast as they produce, are on the road to ruin. As most of the poverty we meet with grows out of idleness and extrava- gance, so most large fortunes liave been the result of habitual industry and frugali- ty. The practice of economy is as neces- sary in the expenditure of time as of money. They say if " we take care of the pence the pounds will take care of them- selves." So. if we take care of the minutes, the days will take care of them- selves. The acquisition of wealth demands as much self-denial, and as many sacrifices of present gratification, as the practice of virtue itself. Vice and poverty proceed, in some degree, from the same sources, namely— the disposition to sacrifice the future to the present ; the inability to fore- go a small present pleasure for great future advantages. Men fail of fortune in this world, as they fail of happiness in the world to come, simply because they are un- willing to deny themselves momentary en- joyments for the sake of permanent future happiness. Every large city is filled with persons, who, in order to support the appearance of wealth, constantly live beyond their in- come, and make up the deficiency by contracting debts which are never paid. Others, there are, the mere drones of so- 106 HOW TO 8ECVRE THE PUBLIC LANDS. ciety, who pass their days in idleness, and subsist by pirating on the hives of the in- dustrious. Many who run a short lived career of splendid beggary, conld they be but persuaded to adopt" a "system of r'v^xA economy for a few years, mi^'ht' pass the remainder of their days in affluence. But no ! They must keep up appearances, they must live like other folks. Their debts accumulate ; their credit fails; they are harassed by duns, and be- sieged by constables and sheriff. In this extremity, as a last resort, they submit to a shameful dependence, or engage in crim- inal practices which entail hopeless wretch- edness and infamy on themselves and families. Stick to the business in which you are regularly employed. Let speculators make thousands in a year or a day ; mind your own regular trade, never turning from it to the right hand or to the left. If you are a merchant, a professional man, or a me- chanic, never buy lots or stocks, unless you have surplus money which you wish to invest. Your own business you under- stand as well as other men ; but other peo- ple's business you do not understand. Let your business be some one which is useful to the community. All such occu- pations possess the elements of profit in themselves. How to Secure the Public Lands, OR THE ENTRY OF THE SAME UNDER THE PRE-EMPTION AND HOMESTEAD LAWS. The following circular gives all necessary information as to the procedure necessary in purchasing and securing the public lands : Department of the Intekiob, I Gen'l Land Office, July 19, 1865. ) Numerous questions having arisen as to the mode of procedure to purchase public lands, or acquire title to the same by bounty land locations, by pre-emptions or by home- stead, this circular is communicated for the information of all concerned. In order to acquire title to public lands the following steps must be taken : 1. Application must be made to the Reg- ister of the district land office in which the land desired may be situated. A list of all the land offices in the United States is furnished by the Department, with the seats of the different offices, where it is the duty of the Register and Receiver to be in attendance, and give proper facilities and information to persons desirous of obtaining lands. The minimum price of ordinary public lands is |il,2,5 per acre. The even or re- served sections falling within railroad grants are increased to double the minimum price, being $2,.50 per acre. Lands once offered at public sale, and not afterwards kept out of market by reserva- tion, or otherwise, so as to prevent free competition, may be entered or located. 2. By the applicant filing with the Regis- ter his written application describing'the tract, with its area ; the Register will then certify to the receiver whether the land is vacant, with its price ; and when found to be so, the applicant must pay that price per acre, or may locate the same with land warrant, and thereafter the Receiver will give him a "duplicate receipt," which he 18 required to surrender previous to the delivery to him of the patent, which may be had either by application for it to the Register or to the General Land Office. 3. If the tract has not been oft'ered at public sale it is not liable to ordinary pri- vate entry, but may be secured by a party legally qualified, upon his compliance with the requirements of the pre-emption laws of 4th September, 1841, and 3d March, ltU3; and after such party shall have made ac- tual settlement for such a length of time as will show he designs it for his perma- nent home, and is acting in good faith, building a house and residing therein, he may proceed to the district land office, es- tablish his pre-emption claim according to law, by proving his actual residence and cultivation, and showing that he is other- wise within the purview of these acts. — Then he can enter the land at $1,25, cither in cash or with bounty land warrant, unless the premises should be $a,.50 acre lands. In that case the whole purchase-money can be paid in cash, or one-half in cash, the residue with a bounty land warrant. 4. But if parties legally qualified desire to obtain title under the Homestead Act of 20th May, 1862, they can do so on com- LA W MAXIMS. 107 plying with the Department Circular, dated 30th October, 1862. 5. The law confines Homestead entries to surveyed lands; and although, in cer- tain States and Territories noted in the sub- joined list, pre-emptors may go on land be- fore survey, yet they can only establish their claim after return of survey, but must file their pre-emption declaration within three months after receipt of official plat, at the local land-office where the settlement was made before survey. Where, however, it was made after survey, the claimant must file within three months after'date of set- tlement ; and where actual residence and cultivation have been long enough to show that the claimant has made the land his permanent home, he can establish his claim and pay tor the same at any time before the date of the public sale of lands within the range in which his settlement may fall. 6. All unoffered surveyed lands not ac- quired under pre-emption, homestead, or otherwise, under express legal sanction, must be offered at public sale under the President's Proclamation, and struck ofi'to the highest bidder, as required by act of April 24, 1820. J. M. EDMUNDS, Commissioner General Land Office. LAW MAXIMS. 1 . A promise of a debtor to give " satis- factory security" for the payment of a por- tion of his debt, is a sufficient considera- tion for a release of the residue by his creditor. 2. Administrators are liable to account for interest on funds in their hands, al- though no profit shall have been made upon them, unless the exigencies of the estate rendered it prudent that they should hold the funds thus uninvested. 3. Any person who voluntarily becomes an agent for another, and in that capacity obtains information to which as a stranger he could have had no access, is bound in subsequent dealing with his principal, as purchaser of the property that formed the subject of his agency, to communicate such information. 4. When a house is rendered untenanta- ble in consecjuence of improvements made on the adjoining lot, the owner of such cannot recover damages, because it is pre- sumed that he had kiiowledge of the ap- proaching danger in time to protect him- self from it. 5. When a merchant ship is abandoned by order of the master, for the purpose of saving life, and a part of the crew subse- quently meet the vessel so abandoned and bring her safe into port, they will be enti- tled to salvage. 6. A person who has been led to sell goods by means of false pretenses, cannot recover them from one who has purchased them in good faith from the fraudulent vendor. 7. An agreement by the holder of a note to give the principal debtor time for pay- ment, without depriving himself of the right to sue, does not discharge the surety. 8. A seller of goods who accepts, at the time of sale, the note of a thiid party, not endorsed by the buyer, in payment, can- not in case the note is not paid, hold the buyer responsible for the value of the goods. 9. A day-book copied from a "blotter" in which charges are first made, will not be received in evidence as a book of origi- nal entries. 10. Common carriers are not liable for extraordinary results of negligence that could not have been foreseen by ordinary skill and foresight. 11. A bidder at a SheriflT's sale may re- tract his bid at any time before the prop- erty is knocked down to him, whatever may be the conditions of the sale. 12. Acknowledgment of debt to a stran- ger does not preclude the operation of the statute. 13. The fruits and grass on the farm or garden of an intestate descend to the heir. 14. Agents are solely liable to their prin- cipals. 1.5. A deposit of money in bank by a hus- band, in the name of his wife, survives to her. 108 LAW MAXIMS. 16. Money paid on Sunday contracts may be recc^ered. 17. A debtor may give preference to one creditor over another, unless fraud or special legislation can be proved. 18. A court cannot give judgment for a larger sum than 'that speciflea in the ver- dict. 19. Imbecility on the part of either husband or wife, invalidates the mar- riage. 20. An action for malicious prosecution will lie, though nothing farther was done than suing out warrants. 21. An agreement not to continue the practice of a profession or business in any specified town, if the party so agreeing has received a consideration for the same, is valid. 22. When A consigns woods to B to sell on commission, and" B delivers them to C, in payment of his own antecedent debts, A can recover their value. 23. A finder of property is compelled to make diligent inquiry for the ownier there- of, and to restore the same. If, on finding such property, he attempts to conceal such fact, he may be prosecuted for larceny. 24. A private person may obtain an in- junction to prevent a public mischief by which he is affected in common with others. 25. Any person interested may obtain an injunction to restrain the State or a munici- pal corporation from maintaining a nuisance on its lands. 26. A discharge under the insolvent laws of one State will not discharge the insol- vent from a contract made witn a citizen of another State. 2T. To prosecute a party with any other motive than to bring him to justice, is malicious prosecution, and actionable as such. 28. Ministers of the gospel, residing in any incorporated town, are not exempt from jury, military, or Are service. 29. When a person contracts to build a house, and is prevented by sickness from finishing it, he can recover for the part per- formed, if such part is beneficial to the other party. 30. In a suit for enticing away a man's wife, actual proof of the marriage is not ne- cessary. Cohabitation, reputation, and the admission of marriage by the parties, are sufficient. 31. Permanent erections and fixtures, made by a mortgagor after the execution of the mortgage upon land conveyed by it, be- come a part of the mortgaged premises. _ 32. When a marriage is denied, and plain- tiflf has given sufficient evidence to estab- lish it, the defendant cannot examine the wife to disprove the marriage. 33. The amount of an express debt can- not be enlarged by application. 34. Contracts for advertisements in Sun- day newspapers cannot be enforced. 35. A seller of goods, chattels, or other Eroperty, commits no fraud, in law, when e neglects to tell the purchaser of any flaws, defects, or unsoundness in the same. 36. The opinions of witnesses, as to the value of a dog that has been killed, are not admissible in evidence. The value of the animal is to be decided by the jury. 37. If any person puts a fence on or plows the land of another, he is liable for trespass whether the owner has sustained injury or not. 38. If a person, who is unable from ill- ness to sign his will, has his hand guided in making his mark, the signature is valid. 39. When land trespassed upon is occu- pied by a tenant, he alone can bring the action. ^ 40. To say of a person, "Ifhe does not come and make terms with me, I will make a bankrupt of him and ruin him," or any such threatening language, is actionable, without proof of special damage. 41. In an action for slander, the party making the complaint must prove the words alleged J other words of like meaning will not suffice. 42. In a suit of damages for seduction, proof of pregnancy, and the birth of a child, is not essential. It is sufficient if the ill- ness of the girl, whereby she was unable to labor, was produced by shame for the seduc- tion ; and this is such a loss of service as will sustain the action. 43. Addressing to a wife a letter contain- ing matter defamatory to the character of her husband is a publication, and renders the writer amenable to damages. 44. A parent cannot sustain an action for any wrong done to a child, unless he has in- curred some direct pecuniary injury there- from ill consequence of some loss of ser- vice or expenses necessarily consequent thereupon. 45. A master is responsible for an injury resulting from the negligence of his ser- vant, whilst driving his cart or carriage, provided the servant is at the time engaged in his master's business, even though the accident happens in a place to which his master's business does not call him ; but if the journey of a servant be solely for a pur- pose of his own, and undertaken without the knowledge and consent of his master, the latter is not responsible. 46. An emigrant depot is not a nuisance in law. 47. A railroad track through the streets is not a nuisance in law. LAW MAXIMS. 109 48. In an action for libel against a newB- paper, extracts from such newspaper may be given to show its circulation, and the extent to which the libel has been published. The jury, in estimating the damages, are to look at the character of the libel, and whether the defendant is rich or poor. The plaintiff is entitled, in all cases, to his ac- tual damages, and should be compensated for the mental sufferings endured, the pub- lic disgrace inflicted, and all actual discom- fort produced. 4!». Delivery of a husband's goods by a wife to her adulterer, he having knowledge that she has taken them without her hus- ijand's authority, is sufticient to sustain an indictment for larceny against the adul- terer. 50. The fact that the insurer was not in- formed of the existence of impending liti- gation, affecting the premises insured, at the time the insurance was efl'ected, does not vitiate the policy. 51. The liability of an innkeeper is not confined to personal baggage, but extends to all the property of the guest that he con- sents to receive. 52. When a minor executes a contract, and pays money, or delivers property on the same, lie cannot afterwards disaffirm such contract and recover the money, or prop- erty, unless he restores to the other party the consideration received from him for Buch money or property. 53. When a person has, by legal inquisi- tion been found an habitual drunkard, he cannot, even in his sober intervals, make contracts to bind himself or his property, until the inquisition is removed. 54. Any person dealing with the repre- sentative of a deceased person, is presumed, in law, to be fully apprized of the extent of such representative's authority to act in behalf of such estate. 55. In an action against a railroad com- pany, by a passenger, to recover damages for injuries sustained on the road, it is not compulsory upon the plaintiff to prove ac- tual negligence in the defendants ; but it is obligatory on the part of the latter to prove that the injury was not owing to any fault or negligence of theirs. 56. A guest is a competent witness, in an action between himself and an inn-keeper, to prove the character and value of lost personal baggage. Money in a trunk, not exceeding the amount reasonably required by the traveler to defray the expenses of the jouniey which he has undertaken, is a part of his baggage ; and in case of its loss, while at any inn, the plaintiff may prove its a.mount by his own testimony. 57. The deed of a minor is not absolutely void. The court is authorized to judge, from the instrument, whether it is void or not, according to its terms being favorable or unfavorable to the interests of the minor. 58. A married woman can neither sue nor be sued on any contract made by her dur- ing her marriage, except in an action relat- ing to her individual property. The action must be commenced either by or against her husband. It is only when an action is brought on a contract made by her be- fore her marriage, that she is to be joined as a co-plaintiff, or defendant, with her hus- band. 59. Any contract made with a person ju- dicially declared a lunatic is void. 60. Money paid voluntarily in any trans- action, with a knowledge of the facts, can- not be recovered. 61. In all cases of special contract for ser- vices, except in the case of a minor, the plaintiff" can recover only the amount stip- ulated in the contract. 63. A wife is a competent witness with her husband, to prove the contents of a lost trunk, or when a party. 63. A wife cannot be convicted of receiv- ing stolen goods when she received them of her husband. 64. Insurance against fire, by lightning or otherwise, does not cover loss by lightning when there is no combustion. 65. Failure to prove plea of justification, in a case of slander, aggravates the ofl'euce. 66. It is the agreement of the parties to sell by sample that constitutes a sale by sample, not the mere exhibition of a speci- men of the goods. 67. An agent is liable to his principals for loss caused by his misstatements, tlio' unintentional. 68. Makers of promissory notes given in advance for premiums on policies of insur- ance, thereafter to be taken, are liable there- 69. An agreement to pay for procuring an appointment to office is void. 70. An attorney may plead the statute of limitations, when sued by a client for mon- ey which he has collected and failed to pay over. 71. Testimony given by a deceased wit- ness on first trial, is not required to be re- peated verbatim on the second. 72. A person entitling himself to a reward offered for lost property, has a lien upon the property for the reward ; but only when a definite reward is ofl'ered. 73. Confession by a prisoner must be vol- untarily made, to constitute evidence against him. 74. The defendant in a suit must be serv- ed with process ; but service of such pro- cess upon his wife, even in his absence from the StatCj is not, in the absence of statuto- ry provisions, sufficient. no LA }V MAXIMS. 75. The measure of damaees in trespasB for cutting timber, is its viuue as a chattel on the land where it was felled, and not the market price of the lumber manufactured. Tfl. To support an indictment for mali- cious mischief in killing an animal, mal- ice towards its owner must be shown, not merely passion excited against the animal itself. 77. No action can be maintained against a sheriff for omitting to account for money obtained upon an execution within a reas- onable time. He has till the return day to render such account. 78. An interest in the profits of an enter- prise, as profits, renders the party hold- ing it a partner in the enterprise, and ma'kes him presumptively liable to share any loss. 79. Males can marry at fourteen, and fe- males at twelve years of age. 80. All cattle found at large upon any pub- lic road, can be driven by any person to the public pound. 81. Any dog chasing, barking, or other- wise threatening a passer-by in any street, lane, road, or other public thoroughfare, may be lawfully killed for the same. 82. A written promise for the payment of such amount as may come into the hands of the promisor, is held to be an instru- ment in writing for the payment of money. 83. The declaration of an agent is not ad- missible to establish the fact of agency.— But when other proper evidence is given, tending to establish the fact of agency, it is not error to admit the declarations of the agent, accompanying acts, though tend- ing to show the capacity in which he act- ed. When evidence is competent in one respect and incompetent in another, it is the duty of the court to admit it, and con- trol its effects by suitable instructions to the jury. 84. The court has a general power to re- move or suspend an attorney for such im- moral conduct as rendered him unworthy of confidence in his official capacity. 85. Bankruptcy is pleadable in bar to all actions and in all courts, and this bar may be avoided whenever it is interposed, by showing fraud in the procurement of the discharge, or a violation of any of the pro- visions of the bankrupt act. 86. An instrument in the form of a deed, but limited to take effect at the termination of the grantor's natural life, is held to be a deed, not a will. 87. A sale will not be set aside as fraud- ulent, simply because the buyer was at the time unable to make the payment agreed upon, and knew his inability, and did not intend to pay. 88. No man is under an obligation to make known his circumstances w-nen he is buying goods. 89. Contracting parties are bound to dis- close material facts known to each, but of which either supposes the other to be i[;uo- rant, only when they stand in some sperial relation of trust and confidence in relation to the subject matter of the contract. But neither will be protected if he does any- thing, however slight, to mislead or deceive the other. 90. A contract negotiated by mail is formed when notice of acceptance of the of- fer is duly deposited in the post-office, pi-o- perly addressed. This rule applies, although the party making the offer expressly re- quires that if it IS accepted, speedy notice of acceptance shall be given him. 91. The date of an instrument is so far a material part of it, that an alteration of the date by the holder after execution, makes the instrument void. 92. A corporation may maintain an action for libel, for words published of them and relating to its trade or business, by which it has incurred special damages. 9.3. It is unprofessional for a lawyer who has abandoned his case without trying it, a term or two before trial, to claim a fee conditional upon the success of his client, although his client was successful. 94. Although a party obtaining damages for injuries received through the default of another, was himself guilty of negligence, vet that will not defeat his recovery, unless his negligence contributed to cause the in- jury. 95. A person may contract to labor for an- other during life, in consideration of receiv- ing his support ; but his creditors have the right to inquire into the intention with which such arrangement is made, and it will be set aside if entered into to deprive them of his future earnings. 96. A grantor may by express terms ex- clude the bed of a river, or a highway, mentioned as boundary ; but if without language of exclusion a line is described as ' along,' or ' upon,' or as ' running to ' the highway or river, or as 'by,' or ' running to the bank of the river; these expressions carry the grantee to the center of the high- way or river. 97. The court will take pains to construe the words used in a deed in such a way as to eftect the intention of the parties, how- ever unskillrtilly the instrument may be drawn. But a court of law cannot exchange an intelligible word plainly employed in a deed for another, however evident it may be that the word used was used by mistake for another. 98. One who has lost his memory and understanding is entitled to legal protec- tion, whether such loss is occasioned hy his own misconduct or by an act of Provi- dence. GOVERNMENT LAND MEASURE. Ill 99. When a wife leaves her husband vol- untaril)', it must be shown, in order to make him liable for necessaries furnished to her, that she could not stay with safety. Personal violence, either threatened or in- flicted, will be sufficient cause for such sep- aration. 100. Necessaries of dress furnished to a discarded wife must correspond with the pecuniary circumstances of the husband, and be such articles as the wife, if prudent, would expect, and the husband should furnish, if the parties lived harmoniously together. 101. A fugitive from justice from one of the United States to another, may be arrested and detained in order to his surrender by authority of the latter, without a previous demand for his surrender by the executive of the State whence he fled. 102. A watch will not pass under a be- quest of '• wearing apparel," nor of " household furniture and articles for fami- ly use." 103. Money paid for the purpose of set- tling or compounding a prosecution for a supposed felony, cannot be recovered back by a party paying it. 104. An innkeeper is liable for the death of an animal in his possession, but may free himself from liability by showing that the death was not occasioned by negligence on his part. 105. Notice to the agent of a company is notice to the company. 106. An employer is not liable to one of his employees foran injury sustained by the latter in consequence of the neglect of oth- ers of his employees engaged m the same general business. 107. Where a purchaser at a Sheriff's sale has bid the full price of property under the erroneous belief that the sale would di- vest the property of all liens, it is the duty of the court to give relief by setting aside the sale. 108. When notice of protest is properly sent by mail, it may be sent by the mail of the day of the dishonor ; if not, it must be mailed for the mail of the next day ; ex- cept that if there is none, or it closes at an unseasonably early hour, then notice must be mailed in season for the next possible mail. 109. A powder-house located in a populous part of a city, and containing large quanti- ties of gunpowder, is a nuisance. 110. When the seller of goods accepts at the time of the sale, the note of a third per- son, unindorsed by the purchaser, in pay- ment, the presumption is that the pay- ment was intended to be absolute ; and though the note should be dishonored, the purchaser will not be liable for the value of the goods. 111. A man charged with crime before a committing magistrate, but discharged on his own recognizance, is not privileged from arrest on civil process while returning from the magistrate's office. 112. When one has been induced to sell goods by means of false pretences, he can- not recover them from one who has bona fide purchased and obtained possession of them from the fraudulent vendor. 113. If the circumstances attendant upon a sale and delivery of personal property are such as usually and naturally accompany such a transaction, it cannot be declared a legal frau4 upon creditors. 114. A stamp impressed upon an instru- ment by way of seal, is good as a seal, if it creates a durable impression in the texture of the paper. 115. If a party bound to make a payment use due diligence to make a tender, but through the payee's absence from home is unable to find him or any agent authorized to take payment for him, no forfeiture will be incurred through his failure to make a tender. Government Land Measure. A township, 36 sections, each a mile square. A section, 640 acres. A quarter section, half a mile square, 160 acres. An eighth section, half a mile long, north and south, and a quarter of a mile wide, 80 acres. A sixteenth section, a quarter of a mile square, 40 acres. The sections are numbered from one to thirty-six, commencing at the northeast corner, thus : 6 5 4 3 2 n w 8 W n e 8 e 7 8 9 10 11 12 18 17 16 15 14 13 19 30 21 22 23 24 30 29 28 27 26 26 31 32 33 34 35 36 The sections are all divided in quarters, which are named by the cardinal points, as in section one. The quarters are divi- ded in the same way. The description of a 40 acre lot would read : The south half of the west half of the southwest quarter of section 1 in township 24, north of range 7 west, or as the case might be ; and some- times will fall short, and sometimes overrun the number of acres it is supposed to con- tain. 113 DECIMAL SYSTEM OF WEIGHTS AND MEASUBES. THE DECIMAL SYSTEM OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. As Aitliorized by Act of Congress-Approved Inly 28. 1866. STANDARDS. In every system of Weights and Measures it is necessary to have what are called " Standards,'' as the pound, yard, gallon, &c., to be divided and multiplied into smaller and larger parts and denominations. The definition and construction of these Standards involve philosophical and scien- tific principles of a somewhat abstruse character, and are made and procured by the legislative department of the govern- ment. The nominal Standards in the new system are the Meter, the Are, the Liter, and the Gram. The only 7ral Standard, the one by which all the other standards are measured, and from which the system de- rives its name of " Metric," is the Meter. THE METER Is used for all measures of length, distance, breadth, depth, heighth, &c., and was in- tended to be, and is very nearly, one ten- millionth of the distance on the earth's surface from the equator to the pole. It is about 39>i inches, or 3 feet, 3 inches and 3 eighths, and is to be substituted for the yard. THE ARE Is a surface whose side is ten Meters, and is equal to 100 square Meters or about 4 square rods. THE LITER Is the unit for measuring solids and capa- ity, and is ec^ual to the contents of a cube whose edge is one-tenth of a meter. It is about equal to 1 quart, and is a standard in cubic, dry and liquid measures. I^F" A cubic Meter (or Kiloliter) is called a stere, and is also used as a standard in cer- tain cubic measures. THE GRAM Is the Unit of weighty and is the weight of a cube of pure water, each edge of the cube being one one-hundredth of a Meter. It is about equal to 15X grains. It is intended as the Standard in au weights, and with its divisions and multiples, to supersede the use of what are now called Avoirdupois, Apothecaries and Troy Weights. Each of the foregoing Standards is divi- ded decimally, and larger units are also formed by multiples of 10, 100, &c. The successive subordinate parts are designa- ted by the prefixes Deci, Centi and Milli ; the successive multiples by Deka, Hecto, Kilo and Myria ; each having its own nu- merical signification, as will oe more clear- ly seen in the tables hereinafter given. The terms used may, at first sight, have a formidable appearance, seem difficult to pronounce, and to retain in memory, and to be, therefore, objectionable; but with a lit- tle attention and use, the apprehended dif- ficulty will be found more apparent than real, as has been abundantly proved by ex- perience. The importance, also, of con- formity in the use of commercial terms, on the part of the United States, with the practice of the many nations in which the system, with its present nomenclature, has already been adopted, must greatly over- balance the comparatively slight objection alluded to. DECIMAL SYSTEM OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 113 Old. 4 farthing make 1 penny. 12 pence " 1 Bhilling 20 shillings " 1 pound. TABLES, MONEY. New. 10 mills make 1 cent. 10 cents " 1 dime. 10 dimes " 1 dollar. LONG AND CLOTH MEASUKE.— New. 10 millimeters make 1 centimeter. 10 centimeters " decimeter. 10 decimeters " METER. 10 meters " dekameter. 10 dekameters " hectometer. 10 hectometers " kilometer. 10 kilometers " myriameter SQUARE MEASURE.— New. 100 square millimeters make lOU square centimeters '* 1(X) square decimeters " 100 centares " 100 ares " 1 square centimeter. 1 square decimeter. 1 square meter or centare. 1 ARE. 1 hectare. C^" The denominations less than the Are, including the Meter, are used in epecifyino the contents of surfaces of small extent ; the terms Centare, Are and Hectare, in expres sing quantities of land surveyed or measured. The above table may, however, be continued beyond the Meter, thus : 100 square meters make 100 square dekameters " 100 square hectometers " 100 square kilometers " 1 square dekameter. 1 square hectometer. 1 square kilometer. 1 square myriameter. CUBIC MEASURE. Far Solids.. -New. 1000 cubic millimeters make 1 cubic centimeter. 1000 cubic centimeters 1000 cubic decimeters 1000 cubic meters 1000 cubic dekameters 1000 cubic hectometers 1000 cubic kilometers 1 cubic decimeter or liter. 1 cubic meter or stere. 1 cubic dekameter. 1 cubic hectometer. 1 cubic kilometer. 1 cubic myriameter. For Dry and Liquid Measures. 10 milliliters 10 centiliters 10 deciliters 10 liters 10 dekaliters 10 hectoliters 10 kiloliters make 1 centiliter. " 1 deciliter. " 1 LITER. " 1 dekaliter. " 1 hectoliter. " 1 kiloliter. " 1 myrialiter. [5^"A Liter, the standard of Measures of Capacity, usually in a cylindrical form, is equivalent to a cubic Decimeter, or the one-thousandth part of a cubic Meter, the contents ot whifih are about one quart.] The Kiloliter, or Stere, is a cubic Meter, and is used as a unit in measuring firewood and lumber. 10 decisteres make 1 stere. 10 steres '• 1 dekasterc. ALL WEIGHTS.— New. 10 milligrams make 1 centigram. 10 centigrams " 1 decigram. 10 decigrams " 1 GRAM. 10 grams " 1 dekagram. 10 dekagrams " 1 hectogram. 10 hectograms " 1 kilogram. 10 kilograms " 1 mynai^ram. 10 myriagrama " 1 quintal. 10 quintals ^* 1 millier or tonneau. 114 DECIMAL SYSTEM OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. TERMS. Motcr, Millimeter. Ceiilimetec, Decimeter, Dckameter, Hectometer, Kilometer, Myriameter,, Liter, Milliliter, Centiliter, Deciliter, Dekaliter, Hectoliter, Kiloliter, Myrlaliter, PRONUNCIATION OF TERMS. ENGLISH. Mee-ter. Mill-e-mee-ter. Seiit-e-mee-ter. Des-e-mee-ter. Dek-a-mee-ter. Hec-to-mee-tcr. Kill-o-mee-ter. Mir-e-a-mee-ter. Li-ter. Mill-e-li-ter. Sent-e-li-ter. Des-e-li-ter. Dek-a-li-ter, Uec-to-li-ter. Kill-o-li-ter. Mir-e-a-li-ter. TERMS. Stcre, Are, Centarc, Hectare, Gram, Milligram, Ceutigram, ])ecigram. Dekagram, Hectogram, Kilogram, Myriagrara, Quintal, Millier, Tonncan, ENGLISH. Stare. Are. Sent-are. Hect-arfe. Gram, Mill-e-gram. Sent-e-gram. Dee-c-gram. Dek-a-"gram. Hec-to-gram. Kill-o-grato. Mir-e-a-gram. Quin-tal. Mill-i-er. Tun-no. Acts and Resolutions of Congress. PUBLIC -No. 183. AN ACT to authorize the use of the metric system of weights and measures. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United Stat£s of Ameri- ca in Congress assembled, That from and af- ter the passage of this act, it shall be law- ful throughout the LTuited States of Ameri- ca to employ the weights and measures of the metric system ^ and no contract or deal- ing, or pleading In any court, shall be deemed invalid or liable to objection, be- cause the weights ot fiieasures expressad or referred to ttierein are weights or measures of the metric system. Sec. 2. And be it further enacted. That the tables in the schedule hereto annexed, shall be recognized in the construction of contracts, and in all legal proceedings, as establishing, in terms of the weights and measures now in use in the United States, the equivalents of the weights and meas- ures expressed-therein in terms of the me- tric system ; and said tables maybe lawful- ly used for computing, determining and ex- pressing, in customary weights and meas- ures, the weights and measures of the metric system. MEASURES OF LENGTH. Metkic Denominations and Values. Myriametre, 10,000 metres, Kilometre, .•. 1,000 metres, Hectometre, lOO metres, Decametre, 10 metres, Metre, 1 metre, Decimetre, 1-lOth of a metre. Centimetre, 1-lOOth of a metre. Millimetre, .... 1-lOOOth of a metre. Equivalents in Denominations in Use. 6.2137 miles. 0.02187 mile, or S^280 feet and 10 inches. 328 feet and one inch. 393.7 inches. 39.37 iflches. 3.937 inches. 0..3937 inch. 0.0394 inch. MEASURES OF SURFACE. Metric Denomtoations and "Values. Hectare, | 10,000 square metres^ Are, 100 square metres, Ceutare, | 1 square metre. Equivalents in Denominations in Use. 2.471 acres. 119.6 square yards. 1.560 square inches. DECIMAL SYSTEM OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 115 H p • . ^ g5 2 S) to 5 " _^' "S' -^ »0 ■* M l- 3 „^ a: c cc oc ^ ^ 55 (N T-. c oo »^ "t? 4^ K f^ IS .' .O P b 3 3 S, g « S 5-" o 00 »■; 5-00 ?! g cc ^ O *-: 1-H ;£ c M (?* ci '^ :s O < o ^ o.o o y o SV. a 3V- 3 3 o o Cj o C o o T-l rH O tM l-H O T-^ OOOVhOO© ! 116 INTEREST TABLE. WEIGHTS . Metric DENOMiNATioNa and Values. Names. No. of grams. Millier or tonneau, . I Quintal Myriagram, Kilogram, or kilo, . Hectogram, Decagram, Gram, Decigram, Centigriim, Milligram, 1000000 100000 10000 1000 100 10 1 1-10 1-100 1-1000 Weight of what quantity of water at maximum density. 1 cubic metre, 1 hectolitre, 10 litres, , 1 litre 1 decilitre, 10 cubic centimetres, 1 cubic centimetre, .1 of a cubic centimetre. . . . 10 cubic millimetres, 1 cubic millimetre, Equivalents in De- nominations in Use. Avoirdupois weight. 2204.6 pounds. 220.46 pounds. 22.046 pounds. 2.2046 pounds. 3. .5274 ounces. 0.3.527 ounce. 15.432 grains. 0.54.32 grain. 0.1543 grain. 0.0154 grain. INTEREST TABLE. At Seven per Cent, in Dollars and Cents , IVom $1 to $10,000. am'nt. 1 day. 7 days. 15 days. 1 mo. 3 mos. 6 mos. 12 moB. $ $ C. $ c. $ C. $ C. $ C. $ C. $ C. 1 00 00 m% my. 01% 033^ 07 2 00 COM oox 01 3< 0334- 07 14 3 00 00^ 00% 01 ?i 053i 103^ 21 4 00 oox 01 02>8' 07 14 28 00 00?^ oix 03 08% 1T3^ 35 6 00 oox 01 M 03^ lOX 21 42 7 00 01 02 04 123a 2431^ 49 8 00 01 02>4' 04 ?3' 14 28 56 9 00 0H< 023<^ 053< 15% 31;^ 63 10 003^ 013^ 03 05% ■^-i'A .35 70 20 00% 02?i 06 11 ?3 35 70 1 40 30 00>| 04 09 nx 523;^ 1 05 2 10 40 00?^ 05;^ 12 2338 70 1 40 2 80 50 01 06% 15 29K 873^ 1 75 3 50 100 02 13^ 29 583^ 1 75 3 50 7 00 200 04 273^ 58 1 16^i 3 .50 7 00 14 00 300 06 mi ^'H 1 75 5 25 10 50 21 00 400 08 543i 1 17 2 333-^ 7 00 14 00 28 00 .500 10 68 1 46 2 91 ?3' 8 75 17 50 35 00 1000 1!>>^ 1 36 2 92 5 833^ 17 .50 a5 00 70 00 2000 .30 2 723^ 5 83 11 m% 35 00 70 00 140 00 3000 58 4 083^ 8 75 17 .50 52 50 105 00 210 00 4000 78 5 44X 11 67 23 333^ 70 00 140 00 ■ 280 00 5000 07 () 803^ equals 19 *'■■ 30 3:^ 44 iH 60 4 " 78 4^ 97 5 122^ h}4 148^ 6 176- m.- 207: 7 240 1}4. 275 8- ai3- s>^ " :i53 9 396 93^.. 461. 10 489 11 592; 12- 703- IS 827- 14 959 15- "■■ 1101 20 195S 25 3059 :ll-8 MIS CELLANEO US. Brilliant Wliitewash. Many have heard ot the brilHant stucco •whitewash on the ea^-t did- of the Presi- ■. dent's house at Washmg.ton.- The follow- . ing is a recipe for it ; it is gleaned from the >^»tional Intelligencer, with sotrre addi- tional improvements learned hy experi- ments : Take half a bushel of nice un- slacked lime, slack it with boiling water, cover it during the process to keep in the steam. Strain the liquid . throi>gh a finiS sieve or strainer, and add to it a j)eck of salt, previously well dissolved in wairm^ wa- ter ; three pounds of ground rice, boiled to a thin paste, and stirred in boiling hot ; bailf a pound of powdered Spanish whiting, aind a pound of dean glue, which lias been pTe- viously dissolved by soaking it well, a;nd then hanging it over a slow lire, in a small kettle within a large one filled with water. Add live galleus of hot water to the mixture, stir it well, and let it stand a few days cov- ered from the dirt. It should be put on ri^ht hot ; for this purpose it can be kept in a kettle on a I)ortable furnace. It is said that -about a pint of thisjcixtare will cover a square yard upon the outside of a house if proper- ly applied. Brushes more or less suiall may be used according to the neatness of the job required. It answers as well as oil paint for wood, brick or stone, and is cheaper. It retains its brilliancy for many years. There is nothing ot the kind that will compare with it, either for iuside or outside walls. Coloring matter may be put in and made of any shade you like. Spanish broyvn stirred in will make red pink, more or less deep according to the quantity, A delicate tinge of this is very pretty, for inside walls. Finely pulverized common clay, well mixed with Spanish brown, makes a reddish stone color. Yellow-ochre stirred in makes yel- low wash, but chrome goes further, and makes a color generally esteemed prettier. In all these cases the darkness of the shades of course is determined by the quantity of coloring used. It is difficult to make rules, because tastes are different. It would be best to try experiments on a shingle and let it dry. We have been told thfit green must not be mixed with lime. Tlie lime de- stroys the color, and the color has an effect on the whitewash, which makes it crack and peel. When walla have been badly smoked, and you wish to have them a clean white, it is well to squeeze iudigo plenti- fully through a bag into the water you use, before it is stirred in the whole mixture. If a larger quantity than five gallons be wanted, the same proportion should be ob- served. How to get a Horse out of a Fire. The great difficulty of gettius: horses from a stable where surrounding buildings are in a state of conflagation, is well kiiown. — The plan of covering their eyes witha blan- ket will not always succeed. A gentleman whose horses have been in great peril from such a cause, having tried in vain to save them, hit upon the expedi- ent of having them harnessed as though go- ing to their usual work; when, to his aston- ishment, they were led from the stable v;ithout diffi-iulty. The' Cliemic^I Bajrometer. Take a long narrow bottle, such as an old- fa-shioiied Eau-de-Cologne bottle, and put into it two and a haW drachms of camphor, and eltvcti drachms of spirits of wine ; when the camphor i« dissolved, which it will readily do by slight agitation, add the foilowing mixture : Take water, nine drachms";- nitrate of potash (saltpetre) thirty-Tsighli grains ; aTid muriate of am- moni-a (s*i ammoniac) thirty-eight grains. Dissolve these salts in the water prior to mixing with the camjrfiorated spirit ; then shake the whole well together. Cork the bottfe well, and wax the top, but after- wards ma-ke a very small aperture in the cork wish a red-hot needle. The bottle may then b« hung up, or placed in any stationa- ry positk)n. By observing the dili'erent appe^arances which the materials assume, as the Weather changes, it becomes an ex- cellent pfognosticato* of * coming storm' or of a sunny sky. Leech Barcrnieter. Take an eight ounce phial, and put in it three gills of water, aind place in it a healthy leech, changing the vrater in summer once a week, and in winter once in a fortnight, and it will most accurately prognosticate the weather. If the weather is "to be line, the leech lies motionless at the bottom of the glass and coiled together in a spiral form; if rain may be expected, it v/ill creep up to the top of its lodgings and remain there till the weather is settled ; if we are to have wind, it will move through its habi- tation with amazing swil'tiiess, and seldom goes to rest till it l>egins to blow hard : if a remarkabkt storm nf thunder and rain is to succeed, it will lodge for some days before almost continually out of the water, and discover great uneasiness in violent throes and convulsive-like motions ; in frost as in clear summer-like weather it lies constantly at the bottom; and in snow as in rainy weather it pitches its dwelling in the very mouth of the pbial. The top should be cov- ered over with a piece of muslin. To Me.^sure Grain in a Bin.— Find the number of cubic feet, from which deduct one-fifth. The remainder is the number of bushels — allowing, however, one bushel extra to every 2i4. Thus in a remainder of '2'J4 there would be 2:i5 bushels. In a re- I mainder of 418 there would be 4.50 bushels, j&c. MISCELLANEO US. 119 iicabits oi a Man ot Buslnesis. A Bacred reijard to the principles oi justice form? ttie basis ol every transaction, and roLTUiaies liie conduct of the uprigtit man of Dusiness. He is strict in Ijeeping his engagements. Does nothing carelessly or in a hurry. Employs no one to do what he can easily do himself. Keeps everything in its proper place. Leaves nothing undone that ought to be done, and which circumstances permit him to do. Keeps his designs and business from the view of others. Is prompt and derisive with his custom- ers, and does not overtrade his capital. Prefers short credits to long ones, and cash to credit at all tirae8, either in buying or sellintr ; and small profits in credit cases, with little risk to the chance of better gains with more hazard. He is clear and explicit in all his bar- gains. Leaves nothing of consequence to memo- ry which he can and ought to commit to writing. Keeps copies of all his important letters whicli he sends away, and has every letter, invoice, &c., relating to his business, titled, classed, and put away. Never suffers his desk to be confused by many papers lying upon it. Is always at the head of his business, well knowing that if he leaves it it will leave him. Holds it as a maxim that he whose credit is suspected is not one to be trusted. Is constantly examining his books, and sees through his whole affairs as far as care and attention will enable him. Balances regularly at stated times, and then makes out and transmits all his ac- counts current to his customers, both at home and abroad. Avoids as much as possible all sorts of accommodation in money matters and law- suits where there is the least hazard. He is economical in his expenditures, al- ways living within his income. Keeps a memorandum book in his pock- et, in which he notes every particular rela- tive to appointments, addresses, and petty cash matters. Is cautious how he becomes surety for any person ; and is generous when urged by motives of humanity. Let a man act strictly to these habits ; when once begun they w"ill be easy to con- tinue — ever remembering that he hath no profits by his pains whom Providence doth not prosper— and success will attend his efforts. Take pleasure in your business, and it will become your recreation. Hope for the beat, think for the worst, and bear whatever happens. A Stokt with a Moral. — A Connecticut exchange tells the following story of a boy who was sent from Croton, Conn., to New London, one day last summer, with a bag of corn. The boy was gone all day, and re- turned:with the bag unopened, which he dumped on the floor. Said he — '• There is your corn, go and sell it, fori can't." " Sold any ? " " No : I've been all over London with it, and nobody said a word concerning green com. Two or three fellows asked me what I had in my bag, and I told 'em it was none of their business what it was." The boy is not unlike hundreds of mer- chants who will promptly call him a fool for not tellin": what he had to sell, and who are actually ffoing the same thing on a much larger scale than did the boy, by not adver- tising their business. To Those who Write for the Press. — It would be a great favor to editors and printers, should those who write for the Press observe the following rules. They are reasonable, and our correspondents will regard them as such:— 1. Write with black ink on white paper, wide ruled. 2. Make the pages small, one-fourth that of a foolscap sheet. 3. Leave the second page of each sheet blank. 4. Give to the written page an ample margin all around. 5. Number the pages in the order of their succession. 6. Write in a plain bold hand, with less respect to beauty. 7. Use no ab- breviations which are not to appear in print. 8. Punctuate the manuscript as it should be jjrinted. 9. For italics under- score one line ; for small capitals two ; for capitals three. 10. Never interline without the caret to show its place. 11. Take special pains with every letter in proper names. 12. Review every word to be sure that none is illegible. 1.3. Put directions to the print- er at the head of the first page. 14. Never write a private letter to the editor on the printer's copy, but always on a separate sheet. Cash and Credit.— If you would get rich don't deal in bill books. Creditis the "tempt- er in a new shape." Bu3' goods on trust, and you will buy a thousand articles that Cash would never have dreamed of. A shil- ling in the hand looks larger than ten shil- lings seen through the perspective of a three months bill. Cash is practical, while Credit takes horribly to taste and romance. Let Cash buy a dinner, and you will have beef- steak flanked with onions. Send Credit to market, and he will return with eight pair of woodcocks and a peck of mushrooms. — Credit believes in diamond pins and cham- pagne suppers. Cash is more easily satis- fied. Give him three meals a day, and he don't care much if two of them are made up of roasted potatoes and a little dirty salt.— Cash is a good adviser, while Credit is a good fellow to be on visiting terms with. If you want double chins and contentment, do business with cash. 120 TWENTY TEAR CALENDAR. A-lmanac or Calendar for 20 Years. CB 1864 A 1865 G 1866 F 1867 ED" 1868 C 1869 B 1870 A 1871 GF . 1872 E 1873 D 1874 C 1875 BA 1876 G 1877 F 1878 E 1879 DC 1880 F 1881 E 1882 D 1883 1 8 15 22 29 Sun. Sat. Frid'y. Thurs. Wed. Tues, Mon. 2 9 16 23 30 Mon. Sun. Sat. Frid'y. Thurs. Wed. Tues. 3 10 17 24 31 Tues. Mon. Sun. Sat. Frid'y. Thurs. Wed. 4 11 18 25 Wed. Tues. Mon. Sun. Sat. Frid'y. Thurs. 5 12 19 26 •• Thurs. Wed. Tues. Mon. Sun. Sat. Frid'y. 6 13 20 27 Frid'y. Thurs. Wed. Tues. Mon. Sun. Sat. 7 14 21 28 •• Sat. Frid'y. Thurs. Wed. Tues. Mon. Sun. Jan. and Oct. A B C D E F G May. B ^ D E F G A August. ^ D E F G A B Jfeb., Mdr., Nov. D E F G A B C June. E F G A B C D Sept. & Dec. F G A B C D E April & July. G A B C D E F Explanation.— Month, and in a lii and the figures on Leap Years have during the remain Find the Year and observe the Letter above it ; then loc le with it find the Letter of the Year ; above the Letter find the left, in the same line, are the days of the same name in th two letters ; the first is used till the end of February, th ier of the year. )k for the the Day ; e month. e second AURELIUS. 121 0^^5^XJG^A^ OOXJIVTY EXPLANATION TO DIRECTORY. A Star (*) placed before a name, indicates an advertiser in this work. For such ad- vertisement see Index. Figures placed after the occupation of farmers, indicate the number of acres of land owned or leased by the parties. The name of a town in parentheses, indicates that the party resides in said town, al- though receiving his mail at the post oflSce under head of which his name appears. The expression, " owns farm," after the name of a resident in the Auburn list, indi- cates that the party is a resident of the city. The word street is implied. For additions and corrections, see Errata, folIOAving the Intro> ductiou. .A.TJJBXJI1.3Sr- (See latter part of book.) ua.xji=i.Eix*ixjs. There are three post offices in this town ; — AureUiis, Cayuga and Foster- mile. Many of the residents in the east part of the town receive their mail at Auburn. AURELIUS. Ayres, James C, carpenter. Baker, Allen, farmer 80. Ba.]i.er, Asa, K., (with Augustus B.,) farmer 140 and leases 80. Baker, Augustus D., {ivith Asa H.,) fanner 140 and leases 80. Baker, Calvin T., live stock dealer and far- mer 48. Baker, Cyrus A., farmer 52. Baker, Julius O., farmer 140. Black, Kobert, farmer 100. Bowers, Daniel, (Springport,) farmer 100. Bowers. David, farmer 125. Clapp, Artemas B., alio, physician and sur- geon. Clark, Andrew, farmer 33. Coapman, John W., farmer SWO. 123 CA TUOA CO VNTT B USINESS DIBECTOE Y. DEALER IlSr PAINTS, OILS, VARNISHES ^ERY &DYE STU FIRE IISFRANCE AGERCY. 71 G-enesee St., - - Auburn, N. Y. Agent for the following first-class Fire Insurance Companies : HOWARD IIVSURAIVCE COMPANY, NEW YORK CITY. CAPITAL, $500,000 Springfield Fire & Marine Insurance Co., SPRINGFIELD, MASS. - - - CAPITAL, $500,000 ironlier§ and Ne'w York Insurance Co. NEW YORK CITY. - - - CAPITAL, $500,000 Hisks Taken on Favorable Terms. Remember the Place. - 71 Genesee Street. A URELIUS-CA TUG A. 1S3 Cornell, Asa, (Fleming,) farmer 138. Cornell, Stephen, farmer 117. Cornell, Stephen, (Springport,) farmer 114. Culver, Daniel M., farmer 95. Faruam, Wm., farmer 110. Forestel, Geo., farmer 14. Goodrich, Wm. S. , (Springport,) farmer 100. Goodridge, Chas. A., (Fleming,) farmer 95. Gooe, Hiram, farmer Sl'iV- Gobs, Michael, farmer ti3>s!. Grinnell, Thos. P., farmer leases 110. IIoBkiuB, Gaylord, (Fleming,) farmer 65. Hunt, Lockwood, farmer 390. Johnson, James M., (Springport,) farmer leases 100. Kerr, Geo. W., (Springport,) farmer 100. Lilley, Hannah Mrs., cancer, root and herb doctress and farmer 1233^. Lilley, John, {Lilley cfe tion.) Lilley & Son, {John and WUliarn,) manages farm of Mrs. Lilley. Lilley, Wm., {LUley & Son.) Maycumber, Sylvester, wagon maker and farmer 4. Moreland, Sanford H., {Stringham & More- land.) Murray Brothers, {Michael and Thomas,) carriage makers and blacksmiths. Murray, James, farmer 15. Murray, Michael, (Murray Brothers.) Murray, Thomas, (Murray Brothers.) Nickerson Mathias H., carpenter and far- mer 34^. 0"Hara, Peter, farmer 109. Overhiser, W^esley, butcher. Partelow, Abram K., farmer with A. Parte- low, painter and paper hanger. Partelow, Alanson, farmer 121. Patterson, Stephen E., farmer 243. Pinckney, Geo. W., farmer 50^. Pinckney, John, farmer 208. Rynders Bros., {Peter and Godfrey,') farmers lease 390. Eynders, Godfrey, {Rynders Bros.,) car- penter. Eynders, Peter, {Rynders Bros.) Shoemaker, John, farmer 175. Shoemaker, John M., (Springport,) farmer leases 266. Smith, Angeline T. Mrs., farmer 77. Smith, Daniel B., merchant tailor. Smith, Lyman, farmer &4. Slilson, Andrew, farmer 3. Stringham, Geo. H., {Stringhain & More- land.) Stringham & Moreland, {Geo. H. Stringham and Sanford H. Moreland,) farmers 147. Taylor, Halsey, post master. Van Buskirk, David, (with Wm. H. and John.) farmer 2. Van Buskirk, John, thresher and {with Da- vid and Wm. H.,) farmer 2. Van Buskirk, Wm. H., thresher and {with David and John,) farmer 2. Warrick & Freese, (Chas. A. Warrick and John M. Freese,) farmers lease 128. Warrick, Wm. B., farmer 95. Warrick, W^m. M., farmer 128. Westover, Beteey Mrs., prop. Aurelius Ho- tel. WESTOVER, CHAS. H., painter, grainer and paper hanger. Westover, Seymour H., deputy postmaster. Wheeler, Albert, (Fleming,) farmer 55. White, Tilliughast, farmer 180. Whitfield, Eben, farmer leases 77. CAYUGA. Allen, n. H. Eev., Presbyterian clergyman. Allen, Horace, breeder of pure Spanish Merino sheep and farmer 144. Allnett, Chas., farmer 85. Anuin, Mary Mrs., farmer 58. Aunin, Sarah Mrs., school teacher. ANT^U^'Y, DANIEL W., farmer 63. Anthony, Geo. W,, m«son. Arnold, Edwin, farmer 63^'. Arnold, Mortimer, farmer 140. Bachman, Samuel, farmer leases 60. Badgley, Timothy, wagon maker and far- mer 45. Bailey, Chas., watchman N. T. C. R. R. Bailey, Chas. Mrs., dress maker. Baker, Jerome, farmer leases 50. Baker, Lewis A., director and treasurer Seneca and Cayuga Bridge Road, and farmer 175. Baldwin Brothers, {Lucius and William) farmers 125. Baldwin, David L., (Montezuma,) thresher. BALDWIN, JAMES A., (Montezuma,) commissioner of highways and farmer 100. Baldwin, Louisa Mrs., (Monteznma,) far- mer 73. Baldwin, Lucius, {Baldwin Brothers.) Baldwin, Mitchell, farmer 56. BALDWIN, WM., {Baldwin Brothers.) Barrett, John, drugs and medicines. Bartran, Eli F., mason and shoemaker. Beardsley, Samuel H., cider mill and far- mer 72. Bedell, James, farmer 115. Berlew, Calvin P., farmer 12. Blauvelt, James, farmer 14. Brown, David, shoemaker. Buck & earner, {James Buck and TIayden earner,) threshers. Buck, James, (Buck & Garner.) CADMUS & LYON. (Richard Cadmus and Frederick H. Lyon,) grocers, provision dealers and proprietors canal barns. CADMUS, RICHARD, (Cadmus & Lyon.) CARNER, HAYDEN, (Buck ^. Olds, Ransom, prop. Cayuga Hotel. ORMAN, WM., boat livery. Parcels, Joseph J. Rev., Methodist clergy- man and fruit dealer. PARCELS. WALTER IL, teaming. Partelow, Eli, farmer WOJ^. Patterson, John A., farmer 210. PELTON, LORING A., ticket and freight agent N. Y. C. R. R., Amer. Express agent, proprietor freight dock and Rail Road Eating House. POLHEMUS, THOS., farmer 91. Poot, James, farmer 18. Porter, Samuel, mason and farmer 120. Redman, John, farmer leases 50. Relfe & Son, {William and William F.,) butchers and farmers 96. Relfe, Wm., {Relfe &Son.) Relfe, Wm. F., {Relfe & Son.) Rogers, John A., farmer 51. Sanders, Sarah Mrs., tailoress and farmer 10. Sawyer, Abram, blacksmith. Shank, John B., farmer 236. Shank, Peter, (Springport,) farmer 120. Shank, Peter, saw mill, plaster mill and far- mer 148. Shaw, Geo. C, {Shaw & Mersereau.) Shaw, LaGracia, Miss, teacher select school. Shaw, Lucy Mrs., farmers. bhaw & Mersereau, (Geo. C. Shaw and John M. Mersereau,) threshers. SMITH, ALPHEUS H., school teacher. Smith, Anson B., (resides in Seneca Co.,) groceries. Smith, Geo., baggage master N. Y. C. R. R. Springsted, Jacob, (Montezuma,) fisher- man. Staats, Abram A., assistant assessor in- ternal revenue and farmer 115. Steenbeargh, James, saw filing. Stewart, Archibald, farmer 60. Tavener, Wm., farmer 97. Terry, Alvah S., farmer 50. Titus, David S., farmer .^0. Townsend, Wm. A., farmer 175. Tyler, Wm., (Montezuma,) toll gate keeper. VAN SICKLE, JOHN R., grain dealer and {with E. T. Broum & Co., at Aurora,) lumber, coal and^rain dealer. Van Sickle, J. R., {E. T. Brown & Co,, of Aurora.) 126 CA TUG A CO UNTY B USINESS DIR^SCTOR Y. TURERS OF GRADES OF Meal and Feed, Wholesale and Retail. Ijibcrsil Terins to tliG Tradei H3QHEST CASH PRICE PAID FOR GRAIN AT ALL TIMES. On Mill Street, - - Moravia, N. Y. Coffins, Caskets, Shrouds, Caps, Hearses & Carriages in Readiness for Funerals, CALLS AT ALL TIMES PROMPTLY AT- TENDED. O IF* r" I O E3, FIRST BLOCK SOUTH THE CREEK, MORAVIA, N. Y. CA TUGA— FOSTER VILLE. 127 Van Sickle, Samuel C, inspector of elec- tions and farmer 180. Warne, James, farmer 30. WARRICK & HAMBLIN, (Renslear War- rick and Milton Hamblin,) boot and Bhoe dealers. Warrick, John, carpenter. Warrick, Jonathan, carpenter. WARRICK, RENSLEAR. {Warrick and Hamblin,) farmer 30. Warrick, Wm. Sr., farmer 50. WARRICK, WM. Jr., farmer 84. WATERS, CHAS. P., harness and collar maker. Whitney, Edwin H., justice of sessions, polite justice, justice of pence and far- mer 90. Whittlesey, Watson, farmer 150. WILEY, CHAUNCEY, farmer leases 100. Wiley, Horace E., carpenter. Willard, Henry, breeder of fine wool sheep, and farmer 150. Willard & Lyon, {Samwd D. Willard and Frederick U. Lyon,) dealers in Caynga plaster. Willey, John, shoemaker. Wire, Tho8. 1). Rev., M. E. clergyman. Yawger, Daniel 2d, farmer 107. Young^, Anna Mrs., seamstress. YOUjNG, SOLOMON, farmer 66. FOSTERVILLE. Axton, John, farmer \%. Bachman, C, {with Ebentzer Barringer,) thresher. BACHMAN, CHAS. S., thresher, farmer 82, and (with S. Backman,) leases 20. Backman, S., {with C'has. 3. Bachman,) farmer leases 20. Badgley, Munson, wagon maker and far- mer 8. Badgley, Norman F., wagon maker. Baird, Maxwell, farmer 26. Baity, Geo. R., farmer leases 100. BAITY, JAMES, laborer. BALDWIN, ELIAS, farmer 41, and leasee from M. Baldwin 56. Ball, Edgar, (Montezuma,) thresher and far- mer 60. Barringer, Ebenezer, farmer 30 and {with C. Bachman,) thresher. Baxter, John B., (Throop,) farmer 148. BEACH, BENJAMIN, (Montezuma,) far- mer 166. Bell, Thos., farmer 15. Benton, Edward, (Throop,) farmer leases 145. BLANCHARD, NATHANIEL, farmer 140. Blauvelt, Peter, farmer 51>^. Chapin, Wm., farmer 18. Codner, Edward, (T'hroop,) farmer 80. Codner, Walter, (Throop,) farmer 58. Conway, John, farmer 5. Cook, Henry M., (Montezuma,) farmer 80. DeCamp, Ralph, farmer 110. DENMAN, GEO., farmer leases from Dan- iel Mcintosh 94. Dickinson, Wm. A., farmer 41. Doremus, Richard D., blacksmith. Doty, Caroline Miss, (Montezuma,) school teacher. Doty, James F., (Montezuma,) farmer h^}4. DOTY, MYRON, postmaster and farmer 70. Ellis, Abigail Mrs., farmer 12. Emerson, Wm. W., (Montezuma,) farmer leases 106. Ewen, Thos. S., farmer 100. Fairchild, Cynthia M. Mrs., deputy post- iTiistrGss FARMER, ISRAEL, farmer 88. Feek, L. Mrs., (Throop,) (toii:A^6ram./b/m- son.) Feek, Smith, (Throop,) horse dealer. Fisher, Silas A., carriage maker. Fisher, Wm., farmer 50. Forrest, David, carriage maker. Foster, Geo. W., agent patent farm gate and farmer 97. FOSTER, ORRIN, (Montezuma,) farmer 91. Frazee Bros., (Throop,) {Jai. & Win.,) far- mers lease 104. Frazee, James, (Throop,) {Frazee Bros.) Frazee, William, (Throop,) {Frazee Bros.) French, Cyrus, farmer 10. Fuller, H., (estate,) farmer 69. Fuller, Jerome, (Montezuma,) school teach- er. FULLER, JEROME L., assessor town taxes, school teacher, heir of estate of H. Fuller, and farmer .34. Gillmore, C. Wesley, (Throop,) farmer 115. GILMORE, WM., 2d., (Montezuma,) far- mer 90. Gorham, Geo., carpenter. Gowerd, Jacob S., (Montezuma,) mason. GOWERS, ANDREW, farmer 12%. Griggs, Isaac B., (Montezuma,) farmer &)J4. Johnson, Abram, (Throop,) {with Mrs. L. Feek,) farmer 1. Lamb, Harrison, farmer 149. LAMB, JOSIAH M., farmer. Lasher, Rensselaer, farmer leases 103. Miller, Elijah, (Montezuma,) farmer 165. Miller, Hannah Mrs., (Throop,) farmer 145. Mills, Hannah D. Mrs., (Montezuma,) far- mer 124. Mullen, Wm., farmer 1313^. Murphy, Cornelius, farmers. Rowe, Abram, farmer leases 100. Sanders, Abner, farmer 120. Sanders, A. Jackson, farmer leases 120. Sanders, Edgar, farmer. SANDERS, EDGAR W., farmer 87. Shank, Jane B. Mrs., farmer 58. SHEPARD, DORR, farmer 136. Shepard, Harvey N., farmer 240. SHEPARD, PRATT, supervisor of town and farmer 128. SMITH, JOHN, farmer leases 110. SMITH, WM. F., carpenter and gardener 3. Townsend, Frank D., farmer leases 104. TOWNSEND ROBERT L., (Montezuma,) farmer 92. Townsend, Samuel, farmer 104. Tyler, Elliott, farmer 95. Tyler, Lonson, constable. Van Giesen, James M., farmer leases 67. Van Giesen, Lydia, Miss, school teacher. Van Giesen, Martin L. Jr., farmer leases 43. Van Giesen, M. Luther, farmer 100. WALKER, HORACE M., (Montezuma,) farmer 29. Walker, Hugh, (Throop,) farmer 1)4, Wallace, Azelia, Miss, school teacher. WALLACE, GEORGE, farmer 56. 128 CAYUGA COUNTY BV8INESS DIRECTORY. NATIONAL HOTEL, E. B. BUCK, Proprietor, PORT BYRON, - - - - N. Y. Having purchased this well-koown Hotel and ThorougMy Ke-Fitted the Same, Mr. Buck is now ready to see all his old friends, and as many new ones as will favor him with a call. TRUSTING THAT BY STRICT ATTENTION TO THE ^7V^ ^^ISTTS OP^ O-UESTS, THE "NATIONAL" Will receive its share of public patronage. IV. B. — OOOD STABLIJVG ATTACHED. Manufacturer and Dealer in CABINET FURNITURE AND CHAIRS, OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. Rosewood, Mahogany and Walnut Suits CQUStantly on hand or made to order. LOOKING^ G^LASSES & FEATHERS. OFFICE AND WAREROOMS, Market St., - - Aiibiirii, N. Y. FOSTER VILLE—BR UTU3. 129 WABBICK, GEO., farmer 112, and {with J. Warrick.) leases 38. Warrick, Jonathan H., farmer 160, and {with George,) leases 38. WHITE, THOMAS, butcher and farmer 1. Wilson Geo., teamster. Wilson, Phineae, teamster and farmer 25. :bh.ttttjs- There is but one post office in this town :— Weed&port. A few of the resi- dents receive their mail at benneti, in adjoining town, and at Jordan, Onon- daga Co. BRUTUS. The following persons reside in the town of Brutus but receive their mail out of the County. BABCOCK, ETHAN, (P. O. address Jor- dan, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 55. Babcock, Jonathan, (P. O. address Jordan, Onondaga Co.,) retired farmer. BAKER, VINCENT, (P. O. address Jordan, Onondaga Co.,) carpenter and joiner. Bates & Harrington, (Ranson C. Bates,John Bates and I'hos. P. Harrington,) (P. O. address Jordan, Onondaga Co.,) car- riagre makers and blacksmiths. Bates, John, (P. O. address Jordan, Onon- daga Co.,) {Bates ^. Dingman, Nelson B., (P. O. address Jor- dan, Onondaga Co.,) carpenter and joiner. Drake, Elijah S., ffP. O. address Jordan, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 80. Edee, Alonzo, (P. O. address Jordan, Onon- daga Co.,) farmer 81. Finlon, Margaret Mrs., (P. O. address Jor- dan, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 8. FULLER, LEANDER C, (P. O. address Jordan, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 110. Harrington, Thoa. P., (P. O. address Jor- dan, Onondaga Co.,) {Batis (i. Adams, Chas. C, grain dealer and bricii- maker. ADAMS, ROBERT G., ticket and freight a'^entN. Y. C. R. R., also American Lxpress agent. Alikimbright. David, farmer 2. ALLEN, EDWIN G., clerk. Allen, John E., (Atwood <£ Allm.) Andrews, Robert, farmer 198. Anthony, Chas. E., pliotoizraph artist. Appletou, Isaac A., {U'it'k Geo. Coiqyer and Win. Appltlon) ^Cato,) farmer 4S. Appleton, VVm., {with Oe-o. Cuoper and Isaac A. Appkton,) (Cato) larmer 48. Archer, Wm., retired farmer. Arnold, Daniel, cooper. Arnold. Wm. R., carriage maker. Atwood & Allen, {o. F. Atwood and John E. Allen,) livery. Atwood. O. F., {Atwood & Allen.) *AT\VOOD, OTHNIEL T. lawyer, life. Are and marine insurance agent. Auchmoody, Henry, (Cato,) farmer 138. Aumock, Henry, farmer 80. Austin, David, retired farmer. Bachman, Frank, (Cato,) farmer leases 150. Backnian, Andrew, (Cato,) farmer 30. Baird, Wm. Jr., {with Wm.Sr.,) farmerlBO. i5aker, Roswell, (Cato,) farmer 62. Baldwin, David B., retired from business. Barker, Catharine Mrs., farmer 18. Barker, Henry, (with Ilai^vey Hayden,) (Mentz,) farmer 150. BARKKR, THUS. S., farmer leases 48. Barnard, Rufus G.-, (Cato,) farmer 35. Barnes, Tyler, saloon keeper. Barnes, Warren, ^Sennett,) farmer 78. Barritt, Samuel, farmer 3. Batchelor, Francis L., carpenter. liates, Edward H., farmer leases SO. Battis, Eliza Mrs., farmer 4. Beach & Brother, (&eo. .■!., and Chas. J.,) druggists and booksellers. Beach, Cliaa. J., {Beach & Brother,) town clerk. Beach, Geo. A., {Beach & Brother.) Beach, Harvey C, farmer ,50. BECK, HANNAH M. MRS., milliner and dressmaker. Beck, Wm. P., photographer and slioe- / maker. /Bell, James, farmer 18X. Benedict, Gilbert A., (/^^.^rfic'i; ^. Brown, B. Hamlin, farmer ilO. BROWN, GEO. W., (Conquest,) blacksmith. BROWN, IRA D.. M. D., alio, physician. BROWN, REUBEN W., cooper. Bryan, Joseph, (Cato,) farmer 8.3, Bryant, James, larmer 11. BUCHANAN, JOHN C, marble cutter. Bucher, Nicholas, shoemaker. Buck. John M., well digger and farmer Ik. BUCKLIN, BENJ. I. S., farmer 80. Bucklin, Isaac, retired farmer. Burke, Michael, farmer 10. Burns, Samuel, farmer 4. BURRILL, HORACE L., (Spingler & Bur- 7 ill.) Burritt, Henry E..(0. W.Bvrritt <£ Brother.) Burritt, Orrin W ., (0. \V. Burritt & Bro'.h- er.) Burritt, O. W. & Brother, (Orrin W., and Henry E.,) hardware. Bush, Nancy Mrs., K'ato,) farmer 96. Cady, Darwiii E., farmer 140. Cady, Geo. W., farmer 100. Caldwell, Noah D., grocery. Calhoun, Clarence H., (Sennett,) farmer no. Calhoun, Dottglass, farmer 133. CALHOUN, JOHN H., (Sennett,) farmer 108. Carl, Alonzo, (Cato,) fiirmer70. Carl, Peter, (Conquest.) farmer 4X>)4. Case, Cordon, farmer 100. Case, Thaddeus, (Cato,) farmer 75. Catlin, Caroline Mm., tailoress. Catlin, David, retired from business. Caywgod, Chauncey C. farmer 80. Civwood, Nicholas II.. farmer 10. CliADDERDON, HENRY, farmer f,8. CHAPIN. GEO. C, sash, blind, door and moulding manufacturer. CHILD, EPilRAIM W., mason. CHILDS, FRED C, propr. Farmers' Ex- change Hotel. Chittenden. David, carpenter and joiner. Christian, Wm. H., butcher. Church, Menzo, (Cato,) farmer 12. Church, Wra. G., (Cato) farmer 50. Clark, Amos, carpenter and farmer 32. Clark, Braddeck H., (Conquest) farmer42>^. CLARK, MILTON, cider and saw mill and farmer 4. Clark, Oliver O., sawyer and farmer 4. Clark, Orlando C.,allo. physician. Clnmpp, Geo., tinsmith. Clunin, John, farmer .3'*. COLE, AMELIA MISS, milliner. Collins, Lawrence, larmer 5. Colvin, Dennis, (Conquest) farmer 3. Cuinptoii. Wm. E., toll gate keeper. COMSTOCK, CHAS. S., dentist. Connoly, JanieS, farmer 4. Converse, Wm., (Conquest,) farmer 1. 132 iiMii iiWirtitrrTTmi n CA YUOA COUXTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY. S. J. MATHEWS, los. 5, 7 & 9 South Street, WARM MEALS AT ALL HOUHS, PLEASANT ROOMS, PLEN- TY TO EAT, CHARGES MODERATE. On the First Floor, ouly one step from the Bidewalk. Steam Refined Candy, Confectionery and Stigar Toys Manufactured by S. J. Mathews. S. J. MATHEWS' FAftiCY CAKE BAKERY. Weddings, Balls and Pdrties furnished with Knick-Knac6s in {he best manner and on short notice. PEAT & HICKSON, mim mmmm uiertarms. Warerooms, Market St., Auburn, N. Y. Residence, No. 69 E, Qenesee St., Or 21 Grover Kt. Metallic Burial Cases, Coffins of All Kiiidg and Sizes kept constantly on hand. Shrouds, Hearses, Carriages, and all articles requisite, furnished St Short notice. DF'TJLMLOr^l® OOX3LCa.T:LOtOC5L And every an-augeuaent for Interments proinptly attlBndM to. A REFRIGERATOR Foi' preserving deceased persons, is reftdy at all times. Interments ob- tained in all the Cemeteries and Burial Groilnds. CA YUGA CO UXTY B USINES8 DIRECTOR Y. 133 IT mil HI |] f Clllfl i-i llflfl 1 f] \\M\ imiimTA 1 II 11 ■ i 1 sill ■' ii • m III) 1 f JVORTB SIDE OF GEXE8EE ST., Opposite North St., - AUBUKN, N. Y. ESTABLISHED IN 1S49. PAYS COMPOUND INTEREST AT SIX PER CENT., Free of Government Tax. This reliable Institution has saved and paid to its Depositors, during its existence, an amount of interest in the aggregate exceeding A QUARTER OF A MILLION OF DOLLARS. Has on hand a reserve fund to meet any contingency, of FIFTY THOUSAIVD DOLLARS, SECURELY INVESTED IN GOVERNMENT BONDS. JSO>\.IiD OF XHUJi^TItlES. DR. S. WILLARD, N. BEARDSLEY, J. N. STARIN, L. W. NYE, JOHN OLMSTED, DAVID WRIGHT. I. F. TERRILL, S. L. BRADLEY, JOSEPH OSBORN. JOHN H. CHEDELL, ISAAC S. ALLEN, L. V. KEYES, JOHN W. HAIGHT, DR. S. WILL/VKD, Pres't. JNO. OLMSTED, VicePres't. NELSON BEARDSLEY, Att'j. CHAS. P. WOOD, Treasurer. E. H. TOWNSEND, Ass't Treas. mEm mm worn G^ECO, PLYER. & CO., MVXUi'ACJ'UliKRS OF THAYER'S IRON MOWER IMs all Iron, very strong aucUlunible, warranted less draft tliau any other Mow ^\ ill work the knives at any angle. The cutter-bar joint is around the Pitmai Sliatt, and is entirely different from otlier machines. See circulars srivinff full description of this Mower. ^ '^ Sharp's r^atent ATV^lieel Horse Rakei "Witli cleaners between each tooth. SHARP'S IMPMOYED RE VOL\ IIVG-AXLE RAK The teeth of these Eakes ai'c of the best Pittsburg Steel, work indcperdcni dump easy, and done with the horse standing or walking. Grain Threshing Machines, Large Combined Clover Thre{ ing Machines, Warranted the Best in Use, lIor.»i<- I»o\vois,AVoocl Plaiiins Machines, C ii( ularWoodSaws, Dra Drag^SaMK.' CAYUGA COUNTY BUSINESS DIEECTOEY. 135 C. COWAN. Proprietor. COR. MAIN & AURORA STS., - MORAVIA, N.Y. 1 have lately purchased the hotel formerly known as IlealcVs Hotel, and have THOROUGHLY RENOVATED AND RE-FURNISHED THE SAME, And Avill spare no pains to make the stay of guests PLEASANT AND AGREEABLE. THi BEST STABLIl i TBE WMl Attached to the Premises. .^^ -.^^kAPm T>oclee's T»atont 3i:o-^-er and TCeaper and Sclf-Halcer. i CAYUGA COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 137 OUR IMPROVl SELF-RAKE FOR XM. m m The following testimonials show conclusively that our Self-Rake for 1868, fully meets every requirement of the most fastidious far- mer, and is fully warranted to give perfect satisfaction. Head tvhat the Rural New YovTzer says r We find in the Rural New Yorker, published at Rochester, N. Y., on the 7th of Sept., 1867, the following testimonial from the Editor: IMPROVED AUTOMATIC RAKE FOR OODOE'S HARVESTER. " During a recent visit to Auburn, we accepted an invitation from Col. Dodge, President of the Dodge & Stevenson Manufac- turing Co., to witness atrial of their Automatic Rake for Dodge's Harvester — they having added some very important improvements to the style of the rake hitherto used. These consist of four inde- pendent rakes, so constructed as to allow all of them to be in use for reeling on the grain, or by a slight movement of the hand or foot, causing either rake to rake off the cut grain, in any sized gavels required. These additions overcome the defect&heretofore existing in it, and make it perfect for its work, and will, in addition to its other good qualities, leave few if any improvements to. be desired in this machine. "The trial took place on the farm of Jno. W. Aiken, in the town of Scipio, Cayuga Co., and was witnessed by many farmers and other spectators. The grain cut was heavy oats, very ripe, lodged in spots, and the straw badly crinkled down and twisted together. — There was also a heavy sprinkling of Canada thistles in the grain, and some spots on which, evidently, water had stood after sowing in the spring, where the straw was short and thin. On the east side of the field the grain leaned very much towards the machine, and the wind blew freshly from the southwest. The ground was in good condition for the machine to travel on, the surface being slightly rolling. Three to four acres were cut while we were in the field — the work being done in a very satisfactory manner. The rake, which also reels, worked easily and without apparent clumsi- ness, and delivered the gavels in fine condition for binding, clear of the track, whenever the driver slightly pulled a cord. No ad- justments were made or needed in the field, and no difficulty or impediment was met with in the lodged, thin or leaning grain. Several farmers present drove around the field by turns, and all con- curred in the opinion expressed by an agent of a^ rival machine, who, after driving around, remarked : — ' It does the best work of any Self-Rake I ever saw.' " See Oxits oxi. oj^pofiiUe i>a>s&. 138 WEEDSPORT. COOK, HENRY, shoemaker. Coon, Geo. Jr., M. D., allop. ph5'Bician. Cooper, Geo., (with Isaac A. and William Appleton.) (Cato.) farmer 48. COUBIN, WM. H., engineer. Cornell. Jas. W. teamster. Cornwell, Wm. I., lawyer and asseBsor in- ternal revenue. Coulter, Wm., farmer leases 40. Cowell. Amos, (Cato,) farmer (50. Cowell, Chas,, (Cato) farmer 83. COWELL, DAVID S., farmer leases 120. COWELL, JOSEPH, (Cato) farmer 95. COWELL, SAMUEL, retired farmer. Cowell, Wm. L., farmer 65. Coyle, Michael, farmer 2. Craddock, Geo., billiard saloon. CRAMER, GEO., {Cramer <&■ Hamilton.) CRAMER & HAMILTON, {0«o. Cramer and Jamet T. Hamilton,) grist and saw mill. Crampton, Levi, farmer 14. CRANER, ANTHONY, marble engraver. Crim, Lewis, farmer 41. CRIM, PAUL H., farmer 2. Cronk, Wm. H,. silversmith. Ciiuningham, Thos., farmer 4. Curry, Wm., farmer 15. Dains, W^m. H., farmer 92. Daley, Patrick, mason. Daniels, Perkins. (Cato,) farmer 6, Davie, John T. M., lawyer. DAVIS, JOHN, boatman. Davis, Waterman L., farmer. DELAMARTER, ABRAHAM, (Cato,) far- mer 150. Dclamarter, Nelfon N., (Cato,) farmer 7T. DENT, JOHN W., stone cutter. Deratt, Isaac, carpenter. Derlin, Torrance, (Cato,) farmer 18%. Detzel, Andrew, (Cato,) farmer 54. De Waters, Morgan, farmer 61. DIEGELMANN, EUCHARIUS, merchant tailor. Dixon, Chas,, farmer 80. Dixon, Edwin J., farmer 134. Dixon, Moses, retired farmer. Donovan & Co., {Wm. J. Donovan, Albert H. Goss, and Leonard F. Hardy,) gen- eral merchants. Donovan, Wm, J,, {Donovan <& Co.) Done, Gerard, blacksmith. Doty, Jason, (Senuett) {ivith Wm.,} farmer 100. Doty, Wm., (Sennett) {with Jason,) farmer 100. Dow, Adams, farmer 89, Duncan, Daniel G., farmer 80. Duratt, Sarah Mrs., (Conquest,) farmer 21. Durkee, David O., retired from business. Dvvier, David, farmer 1. Eacre, Josiah, (Cato,) farmer 200. Earle, Thos., farmer 1. Edee, Christopher, farmer 3. Elmer, David, carpenter. Emerick, John, farmer 23. Ewins, Jas. M., {with Joseph,) farmer 7T. Ewins, Joseph, (ivitk Jas. M.,) farmer 77. Paatz, Chas., farmer 75. Faatz, Ferdinand, farmer 84. PAATZ, GEO. W., (Cato,) farmer 59. Paatz, Harry, (Throop,) farmer 30. Faatz, Jacob, meat market. Faatz, Jacob P., boatman and farmer 1. Faatz, Phillip A.,butch^T!. Faatz, Wm., meat market and grocery. Faatz, Wm., farmer 14T. Farmers' Exchange, WiMard Sturg, propr.- Farmer, Harley, farmer 1. Filley, Ellen W. Miss, music teacher. Filley, Henry R., justice of peace. Flinn, Edward, saloon keeper. Foley, Wm., farmer tJ. Folks, Humphrey, (Ca4o,) farmer 100. Folk-tt, David, (Cato^) farmer 114. FoUett, Jas., (Cato,) farmer 57. FoUett, Mary A. Mrs.,- (Cato,) farmer 75. Forncrook, Andrew B., farmer 119. Fox, Jonathan, carpenter and farmer IX-.- Franey, Michael, marble polisher. Freeman, Maria Mrs.,- farmer 11. Freeman, Winans, carpenter. French, Geo., farmer leases 90. French, Hiram, (Cato,) farmer 50. French James, farmer 90. French, Mary Mrs., milliner. Fuller, Anson Rev., M. E. clergyman. (iallant, Asher S., (Cato,) farmer 105. (iallt, Alexander, (Conq.uest,) farmer 10. (ialt, Chas. K., farmer 50. (iardner, Patrick, teamster. (ilBB, BENJ. B., {John Gibb & Son.) *GIBB, JOHN & SON, {John and Benj . O.,) editors Weedaport Sentinel. Gibbs, John, farmer 50. (iilbert, Moses, (Cato,) farmer 350. Gildersleeve, Oliver L., farmer l-easea from Geo. Cady, 100. Gildersleeve, Samuel B., cooper. GILES, SOLOMON MRS., farmer )4. Gillos, Michael, farmer 5. GLASS, EDWARD A., farmer leases 61. Goff, Geo. U., team?ter and tinsmith. Gorman, Patrick, (Cato,) farmer 3. Goult, O. K., tailor. Grey, Samuel P., (Cato,) farmer 3. Graham, Geo. C, farmer 60. Graham, John, farmer 3. Grancy, John, farmer ")4. Grant, Isaac, (Cato,) farmer 100. GRANT, JOHN J., (Throop,) farmer leases 125. Grant, Morgan, (Cato,) farmer 95. GREEN, ROBERT, carpenter and joiner and farmer 1. Gri^g, John, farmer leases 20. Hall, Geo. W., watchmaker, jeweler and farmer 84. Halladay, Theodore P., blacksmith. IIALSTEAD, BENJ., farmer leases 7. Hamilton, David H., {icith Levi T.,) farmer 148. Hamilton, Eli, farmer 90. Hamilton, Geo. T., miller. HAMILTON, JAJSIES T., {Cramer & Ham- ilton.) Hamilton, Josiah H., farmer 115. HAMILTON, LEVI T., (ii'i^A David U.,) farmer 148. HAMILTON, PETER D.. farmer 80. Hnnlon, Thos., (Onto,) farmer is. Ilanlon, Wm., (Cato,) farmer 6. Hardy, Leonard F., {Donovan <£• Co.) Harmon, Amasa B., {Benedict <& Harmon.) Harrington, Hiram S., {Harrington & Mur- phy.) Harrington & Murphy, {Hiram 8: Harring- ton and Patrick Murphy,) blacksmitha. Harris, Edward, farmers. Harris, Geo., (Cato,) farmer 93. Hatch, Joseph J., toll gate keeper. HAVENS, DEXTER E., farmer 186. Havens, Edmund A., farmer leases 175. Havens. \Vm. V., traveling liquor a£;ent. HAYDEN, ALONZO, boatman and^ farmer Hayden, Harvey, (Mentz,) {ivith Hemy Ba- ker,) farmer 150. Hayden, Harvey, boatman and farmer 125. Hayden, John, (Cato,) farmer leases 5U. Hedger, Stephen, tailor. Hedijer, Wm. R., agent. Henderson, Julius, {HendertoUy Mack & Co.) Hendersort, Mack & Co., (Julius Hender- son, Samuel J. Mack and William Hen- derson,) general merchants. Henderson, Wm., (Henderson, Mack & Co.) Herron. Wm., farmer 15. HEWITT, ALMON R. REV., Presbyterian clergyman. Hickey, John, farmer 8. Hiue, Andrew J., farmer 65. Hine, Edwin, produce and grain dealer. HINES. PATRICK, saloon keeper. HINMAN, JACOB, (Cato,) farmer 32. Hinman, Orrin C, school teacher. Ilolcomb, Chas., (Cato,) farmer 30K. HOLCOMB, HORATIO W., carriage mak- er. Hopkins, Nathan W,, farmer 62. Horton, Chancey P., farmer 52. Horton, Eliza Miss, school teacher. Horton, Horace, farmer 2. Horton, Lottie Miss, school teacher. Horton, Seth, farmer 10. Houlihan, Paul, blacksmith. Howard, Robert M., miller. Howard, Samuel M., grist and sawmill and farmer 15. Howard, Samuel P., flour and feed store, miller and farmer 12. HOWE, DAVID C, farmer 50. Hoyt, Aaron F., farmer 18. HOYT, ISAAC G., cooper and farmer l^. HOYT, JOHN L., farmer .30. Hoyt, Samuel, cooper and farmer 8. Hoyt, Truman, cooper and farmer 4. Hubbard, Nathan, farmer 50. HUFFMAN, JOHN, (Conquest,) farmer 82. Huffman, Malinda Mrs., (Conquest,) and heirs, farmer 53. HUFFMAN MATHIAS, (Conquest,) farmer 50. Huffman, Sarah Mrs., (Conquest,) farmer 50. HUDSON, GEO. "W., clerk. Humphrey, Geo. Hunter, John, retired from business. Hunting, Asa, (Cato,) farmer 125. Hunting, Seymour, (Cato,) farmer 76. HURLEY, HENRY D., miller. HYZEN, CORDELIA MRS., tailoress and dress maker. Ingalls, Otis, (Throop,) farmer 130. Jacobs, Albert E., shoemaker. Jacobs, Clark D., boot and shoe maker. Jakeway estate, (Cato,) saw mill. JENKINS, ALEX. B., (Conquest,) farmer 70. JOHNSON, EVLEND P., barberand man- ufacturer of Johnson's Lightning Hair Dye. Johnson, Benj., carpenter. JUDSON, HIRAM, retired farmer. KARNES, JAMES, shoemaker. Kaufler, Joseph, merchant tailor. Keirnan, Jas. Sr., postmaster. Keirnan, James Jr., deputy postmaster. Kelly, Michael, farmer 5. KENNELLY, EDWARD, farmer 85. Kent, Oscar, cigar maker. Ketchani, Andrew J., farmer leases 80. Ketcham, Chauncey, farmer 80. KETCHAM, HENRY P., propr. Depot Hotel and Livery. Kimble, David, (Conquest,) farmer 31. Kinne, John B., harness maker. Kirk, Aaron, stage proprietor from Weeds- port to Auburn, daily. Kinter, Mathew, farmer 8. KNAPP, AMBROSE J., thresher. KNAPP, DARWIN C, lawyer, claim agent, life insurance agent and police justice. KNAPP, JOHN T., (Cato,) farmer 200. KNOWLES, FERNANDO, carpenter and joiner. Laberteaut, David, (Cato,) farmer 52. LACE, JOHN C, farmer 50. Ladue, Harrison, (Cato,) farmer 152. Laird, Ira L., (Cato,) farmer, h}^. Lamphere, Geo., farmer 5. Lamphore, Harvey A., farmer 33. LAMPHERE, REUBEN H., constable and farmer leases 153. Latimer, Eden B., (Latimer & Starke,) agent M. U. Express Co., and operator W esteru Union line. Latimer & Starke, (Eden B. Latimer and Lewis B. Starke,) lumber dealers. Lawrence, Warren A., late cashier Weeds- port Bank. Lee, John C, farmer 3. LEGG, CORNELIUS, (Conquest,) farmer 107. LEGG, DAVID, farmer 135. LEGG, EDWIN, (Cato,) farmer A}i. Legg, James W., (Conquest,) carpenter and joiner and mason. Legg, John, retired farmer. Lemmon, George, (Conquest,) farmer EO. LEONARD, JOHN, farmer 11. Link, Chas. H., (Cato,) farmer leases 65. Little, Thomas, farmer 19. Liverance, Enos J., small fruit grower and farmer 8. Mack, Samuel J., (Henderson, Mack <& Co.) Mahare, Wm., farmer 2. Mahony, Patrick, malster. Maltby, Miner, farmer leases from Robert Dill, 134. MAPE8, JAMES W., farmer 200. Mapcs, Joel, farmer 110. Marks, John D., mason. Marony, Morris, (Conquest,) farmer 40. MASON, ED30N, baggageman N. Y. C. R. R. MASON, GEO. H., C^Ientz,) farmer 100. McCabe, Eliza Mrs., farmer 1. McCarney, James, marble polisher and far- mer 2X- McCarthy, john, taiior. McCarty, Hiram, allop. physician and sur- geon. Mcdarty, Michael, marble engraver. McGarr, John, (Cato,) farmer 12. McManey, John, farmer 4. WEED8P0RT. 141 JIcMASTER, JOHN S., clerk. McMullen, Jns., fiirmer 7. McNaruey, Michael, (Cato,) farmers. McNarnv, John, farmers. MoNBTT, ALONZO, (Cato,) farmer 17. McQuigS, Daniel, a{;ent, (John II. Smith & Co.) McVeitrh, James, farmer 10. MEBCU, HENRY B., farmer 60. Mills, Anna Mrs., tailoress. Mills, Frank A., farmer 80. ;Mills, Leonard, (Cato.) farmer 80. MILLS, LEWIS, {ivith Washiiigt&n,) far- mer 80. Mills, Samuel D., farmer 150. Mills, Washington, (icith Lewis,) farmer leases 80. MILLS, WM. B., lawyer and district attor- ney. Minor," Eliezer, (Sennett.) farmer 40. MINTONYE, PERSON, (Cato,) farmer 57M. MOLL, JACOB, (Cato,) farmer leases 130. Montanye, Joseph B., (Conquest,) farmer fiO. MONTANYE, THOS. E., (Conquest,) far- mer 120. MOORE, JOSEPH, farmer 73. More, John, shoemaker. Morierty, Robert, farmer 5. Morlev, Chester. (Cato) farmer 10. MOSIIER, AMOS, farmer 63. Mosier, Morgan, boatman. Murphy, Patrick, {Harrington & Murphy.) Murray, Wm. H., retired farmer. Myers, Andrew, farmer Zyi. Nesbitt, Allen, retired farmer. Ne.^bett, Richard, cartman and constable. O'Connor, John, (Cato,) farmer 15. O'Donnell, John, farmer 8. Olds, Henry A., shoemaker. Olner. Ezra, (Cato,) farmer 90. OLNEY, EZRA P., farmer 90. OSWjVLT, GEO., farmer 7. Owens, Morris, (Cato.) farmer 2S. PARMER, JAMES H., laborer. Parker, Alvin S., (Cato,) farmer 75. Parr, Allen, cartman. Parsell, Geo. H., homeo. physiciaa. Passage, Adam, farmer 100. PASSAGE. DAVID, farmer 120. Passage, Geo., farmer 80. Passage, Samuel A., farmer 56. Paul, Sylvanus, livery. PAUL, SYLVANUS S., farmer 125. Petty, John, carpenter and farmer 17^. PHILLIPS, DAVID W., carpenter and ioiner. PIERCE, LOYDWICK, farmer 50. PIERCE, WM. G., mason and farmer 75. Pink, Eulipses, (Cato,) farmer 50. Powers, Jeffery, (Cato,) farmer 30. PRATT, DAVID, farmer 124. Pratt, Milan F., (Cato,) farmer 61 >^. Proctor, Robert, (Conquest,) carpenter and joiner. PUFFER, ABEL, farmer 50. Purcell, Michael Rev., Catholic parish priest. Putnam, Alfred D., farmer 66. Putnam, Alonzo L., carpenter. Putnam, Asa, farmer 100. Putnam, Frank W., farmer 96. Putnam, Howcy A., cider mill and farme'' Putnam, Jas. E., farmer .50. Putnam, Lewis, farmer 123. Putnam, Robert, farmer 165. Quick, Wm. A., mason and farmer i. RADFORD, EZEKIEL, manufacturer of horse liniment. RADNEY, MELINDA MRS., bakar and confectioner. RATHBUN, CHAS. A., (Conquest,) farmer 130. Rathbun, S.imuel C, farmer 202. Ratbbun, Samuel C, (CouquoBt,) farmer 97. REMINGTON, AMBROSE O., {M. C. Remington <&, Co.,) iron founder and machinist. REMINGTON, DARIUS A., mason and farmer 4. REMINGTON, M. C. & CO., (M. C. and Ambrose 0., Remington and P. Yates,) manufacturers of barley .forks, fork and broom handles. Remington, Orlando, farmer Ij^. Re)aioldg, Franklin, (Conquest,) cooper. RHSUBOTTOM, AGNES E. MRS., fancy store. Rheubottom, James R., auctioneer. Rhodes, Geo. M., farmer leases GO. Rhodes, James T., farmer 60. Richardson, Wm., molder. RILEY, HUGH, saloon keeper. Riuojer, Alonzo, (Conquest,) farmer 118. Robinson, Daniel H., farmer 70. ROBINSON, EDWIN M., (Cato,) farmer 85. Robinson, John, (Conquest,) farmer 61. Robinson, Moses, (Cato,) farmer 120. Robinson, William E., (Cato,) farmer 60. Rockwell, Lyman E., principal Union School. Rodenhiser, Wm., (Cato,) farmer 12. ROGERS, H. LEROY, printer. Rood, Geo. W., retired farmer and police constable. ROOKER, DANIEL, (Conquest,) farmer 131. Root, Clarence, (Cato.) farmer 85. ROSE, SALMON M., farmer 62. ROSS, CORNELIA A. MRS., dress maker. Rotch, Myron C, mason and farmer 43. Rude, Ezekiel, (Cato,) farmer 50. Rudo, James M., farmer 47X^. Rude, Jason, harness shop. RUDE, MILTON REV., M. E. clergyman, justice of peace and farmer 65. Ruilligar, Michael, farmer 8. RUSSELL, ANN MRS., (Conquest,) far- mer 100. Ryan, Michael, farmer 4. Rvan, Thos., farmer 3. SAMPLE, ALMIR.A. MISS, dress maker. SANDERS, JAMES M., (Cato,) carpenter andjoiner. Scalon, Michael, farmer 10. Scott, Amos H., canal grocery and farmer leases from Joshua Ketcham 6. Scott, Wm., mason and farmer 3. Seelye, Levi, shingle maker. Seelye, Robert, farmer leases 7. Shel'den, Erwin M., farmer 190. SHELDON, DANIEL, farmer 420, Sheldon, John S., farmer 200. Bhurtliff, Aiaph W., lawyer. 142 CAYUGA COUNTY BUSINESS DIBECTORY. MRS. A. C. BENTLEY, FASHIONABLE MILLINERY, Mo. 55 Cwcnesee St. (Up Stairs,) IS. p. A. FUEIiEIS, FASHIONABLE MILLINERY EMPORIUM, 3 Opposite Moravia House, Moravia, IST. Y. O. L. rLOXJKTlDS Sz. CO., Manufacturers of Horse Rakes, Canal, Railr'd & Farmers' All Orders P*romptly Attended to. NEW HOPE, N. Y. ll^'^l x>o-WKrzjxrc3r, DEALER IN AMEMICAM AMD IMF®RTE© 1¥AT€IIES, American and Seth. Thomas Clocks, Silver and Silver-Platcd Wares, Looking Glasses, Spectacles and Eye- Glasses of Every Descriptiou, Jewelry of all the Latest Styles, and other articles usually kept in our business. WATCHES, CLOCKS AND JEWELRY REPAIRED, AND ALL WORK WARRANTED. No. 42 MAIN ST., - - MORAVIA, N. Y. AFIAKIAN, BREEDER OF ITALIAN BEES. FULL SWARMS OF BEES & ITALIAN QUEENS FOR SALE. WILL INTRODUCE QUEENS IF DESIRED. AUo, Agent for M. W. Lees^ Movable Comb and Diinding Bee Hive. SEND FOR CIRCULAR. Address, T. DURBIN, Senuett, Cayuga Co., N. Y. WEEDSFORT. 143 Sittser, Abba Mrs., (Throop,) farmer 135. / ijittser, Andrew, (Tliroop,) farmer 20. SITTSEK, WILLIS W., farmer 63. Skantlin, Patrick, (Cato,) farmer 2. Skclton, Sylvester 1)., carpenter. SKELTON, SyLVESTKK W., carpenter and joiner. SKELTON, TH08., carpenter. hSKODAN, EDMUND C, farmer 94X. Slate, Daniel C, (Cato,) farmer 62. SLATE, STEPHEN, (Cato,) farmer 154 SLATE, TITUS, (Cato,) farmer 100. Blattery, John, stone cutter. SLAUSUN, WM., printer. Smith, Alanaon, (Cato,) farmer 113. Smith, Albert H., carriage maker. Smith, Angeline Mrs., milliner. Smith, Beardelej ^. SPINGLER & BURRILL, (Chas. W. Sping- ler and Horace L. Burrill,) druggiets and booksellers. SPINGLER, CHAS. W., (SpingUr and Burrill.) Spingler, John, farmer 29. Sprague, Henry, farmer 60. Starke, Lewis B., {Latimer ^. Sturg, Willard, propr. Farmers' Exchange. STRYKER, JAS. C, farmer leases 110. SUITS, JAMES, carpenter and joiner and farmer 5. Sullivan, John, farmer 11. Sullivan, Lawrence, farmer 1. Tanner, John D., farmer leases 60. Terwiliger, Lewis, veterinary surgeon. Terwilliger, Benj., farmer 2. Terwilliger, Samuel, farmer 1. Titus, DoruB, (Cato,) farmer 40. Titus, Henry, (Cato,) farmer 51. Titus, Jonathan, farmer 100. Todd, Jamea, harness maker. Town, Amos, farmer leases 47. Traver, Alanson D,, wagon maker. Traver, Margaret Miss, tailoress. TRAVERSE, JOHN, teamster, farmer 10 and leases 15. Turner, Ebenezer W., millwright. Upham, Isaac L., horse dealer, keeper of race course and farmer 12. VANDYKE, GEO. H., carpenter and Join- er and building mover. Van Schaick, Richard, farmer 4X- Van Tine, Francis, farmer 5S. Van Vleek, Sarah Mrs., tailoress. WAMBOGANS, GEO., {Bircher & Wam- bogaiit.) Wambogans, Maggie Miss, milliner. WAMBOGANS, MORTON, glass blower and cooper. Warnei, Geo. W. Rev., Presbyterian cler- gyman and farmer 1>^. Watkins, John, retired from business. WATSON, WILLIAM, cabinetmaker. Watson, Willis, cabinet maker. Webster, Cicero, (Cato,) wool dealer, manu- facturer of cider vinegar and farmer 96. Weddle, Joseph, cooper. WEED, ALBERT D., clerk. Weed, Chas. H. *WEEDSPORT SENTINEL, (weekly,) John Gibb & Son, proprietors. WELCH, DELONBILL, (Cato,) farmer 75. WELCH, JOHN W.. (Cato,) farmer 84. Welch, ThoB., farmer 8. WESLEY, AUGUST, harness maker. Westfall & Merrick, bankers. Weyant, Geo., farmer 100. Whiting, Caleb, \narble factory, farmer 85 and leases 84. Whiting, Deles W., agent for marble busi- ness. Whiting, Luther H., canal station keeper. Whiting, Marcellus B., agent marble fac- tory. Whitney, Frederick J. Rev., M. E. clergy- man. WILCOX, GEO. S., carriage painter. Wilcox, Spencer G., blacksmith. Wilcox, Warren, blacksmith. Wllley, Andrew J. Williams, Alonzo, thresher. WILLIAMS, DIANA C. MRS., farmer 80. Wilson, Geo. C, (Conquest,) farmer 43. Wilson, John, farmer leases 140. Wilson, Peter, steam saw mill and farmer 180. Wilson, William, (Conquest,) carriage mak- er. Winstow, Thomas, (Cato,) farmer 70. WISE, JACOB, boot and shoe store and farmer Ij^. WOOD, HIRAM, farmer 7. Wood, John, retired from business. Wood, John W., showman. Wood, Russell A., traveling with ft pano- rama. Woolworth, Esther Mrs., tailoress. Woolworth, Seth, cooper and farmer 1. Wright, Geo., farmer 70. WRIGHT, SYLVESTER, farmer 204. YATES, P., {M. C. Remington i'. 148 CA TUG A CO UNTY B VSINESS DIRECTOR Y. QQ G-ENESEE ST., - AUBUKlNr, K Y. r A IM ^^ I ^^%^^^U^p mmi FO^ THE HOWE SEWI^e Mkmw.. R. & MRS. WETHERBY, WHOLESALE & RETAIL DEALERS 1^ 70 GENESEE ST., AUBURlSr. SURGEON & MECHANICAL DENTIST, 78 ^ene§ee St., Aufoorii, N. Y. OVER HAMLIN &c KIRB Y'S HARDWARE STORE ?. M, JYORTHROP ^. RIGGS. GEO. H., (Ira,) farmer 50. ROCKWELL, DAVID, machinist and far- mer 1%. Rogers, Joseph, farmer leases 127. Sawyer, Phineas H., harness maker. Scofield, Brinckerhofi', farmer 34. SEYMOUR, & ALLEN, {John Seymour and Chns. F. Allen.) tannery, steam saw mill and stave machine, dealers in hats, cajis, boots and shoes. SEYMOUR, JOHN, {Seymour ,k Allen.) SHAW, PETER, carriage painter. Sherrell, Samuel B. Rev., pastor Presbyte- rian church. Shoff, Edward H., farmer 1^. SIIOFF, THOS. J., farmer 75. Simons. Nelson, (Ira,) farmer 138. Smith, Benjamin, (Ira,) gardener. Smith, Horace, farmer 210. Smith. Jas., (Ira.) farmer 115. — . Smith, Joseph, (Ira,) farmer 100. _ Smith, Paul II., blacksmith. Southard, P(.'ter, (Ira.) farmer 100. Steadman. David, farmer 2. St. John. Elir.s, (Ira,) farmer 100. Stockwcll. AuL'ustus, (Ira,) general agent f'.ir agiicuUural implements and farmer 83. Stockwell, Chancey. farmer 90. Stoddard, John, (Ira.) farmer 33. Sturjje, Philip, (Hickok & Sturge.) Sturgis, Wm., farmer 20. Sturgis, Wm. D., farmer 7(». SUTPIN, DAVID, vice president Farmers' Joint Stock Insurance Co. Tabcr, A.sa M., (Ira.) farmer lOO. Taber, Daniel H., (Ira,) farmer 7G. TATOR, JEHIAL E., farmer 05. Terpening, Abram. (Ira,) farmer 94. Terpening, John E.. (Ira,) farmer 93. Terpening, William, (Ira,) farmer 104. Toms, Otliman, (Ira.) farmer S3. UPSON, CORRELL H., cattle broker and • meat market. Van Auken, Jas. H., (Ira,) farmer fi9Ji. Van Auken, Lewis, prop. Eagle Hotel. Van Doren, Isaac, iarmer 98. Van Dorn. Isaac L., farmer 100. Van Dorn. Luther W., (Ira.) farmer 80. VAN LIEW, CORNELIUS, grocer.,3 ^ Van Li( w. Nancy Mrs., milliner. VAN PATTEN, JOSHUA J., farmer 34. Van Patten, Nancy Mrs., (Iia,) farmer 133. Van Wie, Henry, flra.) farmer 85. VAUN, SENA MISS, farmer 1. VAUN, THOS. A., farmer 59. Waggoner, Harmon B., (Ira,) farmer 50. WALDRON, JOHN B., farmer 65. WALKER, LEWIS, stage proprietor. Wares, Charles, (Ira.) farmer 63. WEBB, FRANKLIN, photograph artist. Webb, Frederick L., Iarmer 07. Weed, inland A., alio, physician. Wells, Arnold, (Ira,) ( WelU Bros.) Wells Bros., (Ira,) {hdward E. and Arnold.) farmers 110. Wejls, Edward E., {lr&.) {Wells Bros.) WTSST, ABEL, postmaster and insurance agent. West, Adelbert M., boots and shoes. Wheeler, Albert G., boots and shoes. Wheeler, Geo, W., carriage maker, black- smith and farmer 5. ^Vliiting, Julius, late prop. Eagle Hotel and billiard rooms. WHITMOliE. HENRY, farmer 71. WILKES. JOHN M., (Ira,) farmer 78. WILLSON, DANIEL M., iron founder and machinist. WILSON, HORACE, harness maker. Winnie, Peter D., farmer (50. Wyatt, George, insurance agent and farmer 20. SENECA RIVER. [This post office has been discontinued since our canvass. Those who heretofore received their mail at this office will proba- bly now receive it at Cato, Meridian or Weedsport.] Bums, Michael, farmer 3. BUSH, ROMAINE O., farmer 90. Christian. Carl, farmer 2. Dartt, Hurbert, (with Samuel), farmer 155. Dart. Saiinu'l, (wit • Hurtitrt.) firmer 155. DARU'l'T, AMBROSE, farmer 50. Edee, Daniel, (Conquest,) farmer 10. Flansburgh, Jas. M., farmer 43. Fo)-aleno!i. Tunus, Iarmer 2. noFF.M AN. BENJAMIN, farmer 100. HOVT, CLARK, farmer 106. Hoyt, Edwin, farmer 104. Hunter, Alexander, boot and shoe maker and farmer 4. 152 PA YUOA CO UNTY B VSINE8S DIRECTOR Y. ¥ U.. 1 Mil AIVI> TING OFFICE J. B. HCFF, Proprietor, UNION SPRINGS, - NEW YORK. Y^t^ m *i Is pnblipherl everv Thursdnv, devoted to Local News and Advertising. INDEPEND- ENT IN ALL TiflNGS. Is a first class Country Advertising Medium, having the larg- est circulation of any paper published in tliis village for the past tnirty years. Is replete with entirely new and Stylish Material, adapted to all kinds of Jobbing, and is also furnished with a new GORDON JOB PRESS, WHICH ENABLES US TO DO OUR WORK WITH NEATNESS AND DISPATCH. SENECA RIVER^CONqUEST. 153 Kenada, Michael, farmers. Knapjn, Jas. D., blacksmith. LADUE, ABRAHAM, farmer 99. LEYBURN, JOHN, (Conquest,) farmef 2&. Lockwood, Daniel L., blacksmith. Mills, Chas., farmer 30. Mills, Cornelia Mrs., farmer 75. MILLS, HENRY, farmer 73. Mills, John A>, farmer 89. MILLS, WM. H., post master and farmer 104. O'Brine^ Clarinda Mrs., farmer 44. Olmsted, Rachael Mrs., farmer 75> Richardson, Richard, farmer 4. ROCKWELL. CLINTON, farmer 80. Rose, Olive, farmer 50. Sethright, Patrick, farmer a*?. SMITH, JOHN W., farmer 1!^. STURGE, JAMES, farmer TO. Sturge, James W., farmer 9. THOMSON, PRESTON, farmer 220. Waggoner, George, farmer 35. WHITE, EDWARD, farmer 67. WHITFORD, LEVI, farmer56. Whitford, Silas, 'former 4a OOKT CUTTIES JS«r. The post oiice addresses of the residents of this town are Gmquest, in the town of Conquest ; and Cata, Port Byron^ Seneoa Biver, Weedsport and WesttfUry^ in adjoining towns. CONQUEST. ABBfiY, CHARLES, farmer 38. Aldrich, Francis K., farmer 53. Aldrich, Geo. W., farmer 100. ALDRICH, ZACII ARIAS, farmer 138. Allen, William, carpenter and joiner. APPLEGATE, CHARLES, fanner70, Arery, Solomon, farmer 72. Bell, Ralph L., farmer 100. Bessy, Mary J. Mrs., farmer 1. Blakeman, Harvey J., "blacksmith. Blakeman, Hiram, farmer 11. BLAKEMAN, SIDNEY, farmer 30. Bla8B,>rohn A., farmet 98. Blass, Peter D., farmer 117>i^. Bramhall, Joseph, fartner 19. BRAYTON, WALLACE, pnmp manuf. Brown, Harmon G., farmer 16. Burns, Austin, fiarmer 22. Busba, Samuel, farmer 38. Bush, Geo. W., farmer 52^. Cagar, William, farmer 103. Campbell, Samuel, farmer 64. CARTER, JAMES H., farmer !>?. Carter, Mary Mrs., farmer 14. Colling^, Laverence, farmer 8. Collins, Philo, farmer 88. Cook, Sarah A. Mrs., farmer 38. COOPER, ADAM, farmer IMX- Cooper, Elias, farmer 85%. Cooper, James, farmer 50. Cooper, John, farmer 72>ii'. Cooper, Obadiah, farmer 54. Cooper, Thos., farmer 74. COWLES, JOHN W., (Stme&'CailDlea.) Cramer, Parker C, farmer 80. CROUNSE, DAVID, farmer 185. Crounse, Hiram, farmer 53. J Crounse, Jiohli A., farmer 91. Crovvell, Andrew, farmer 34. CROWELI,, HUGH, farmer 140. CROWELL JACOB D., farmer 303. Crower, Chas., farmer 50. Dowling, John, farmer 30. Earl, Cornelius, farmer 98. ^A'RL, WILLIAM, fanner 217. EASTWOOD, WORDEN, farmer 13;^. Ellsworth, John, farmer 25. Elmore, Jos., farmer 55. ®m(©rson, Lewis, farmer 154. . Emerson, Richard, farmer 155. Filkin, Cornelius, farmer 50. Filkin, Seneca, farmer 50. FREER, WM., farmer 50. •FULLER, REUBEN, farmer 71. Puller, Sherwood, farmer 36. •Gillhuly, Jas., farmer 50. ^. TABER, SILAS W., proprietor Conquest Centre House and farmer 30. Townsend, Samuel, farmer 71. Vanakenc, Abraham, farmer 4. Van Aukeu, Elias, farmer 130. Van Auken, Jacob, farmer 100. VAN AUKEN, JOHN, farmer 104. VAN BLARICUM, ARTHUR, farmer 20. Van Norstrand, David H., (Victory,) far- mer 70, Vauorstraud, David H., farmer 138, Vanorstrand, John, farmer 1.36. Vanorstrand, Philip, farmer 120. Vanpet, Abraham, {Hood, Weatherwax & Co.) Vosler, W^illiam, farmer 108. Walker, Courtlaiid, farmer 115. Watkins, Carlton, farmer 2>^. Weatherwax, John F., {Hood, Weatherivax <& Co.,) postmaster. Whitbeck, Frederick, farmer 83. \yhitbeck, James, farmer 166. V\aiitford, Elias, farmer 148. Wilcox, Robert, farmer 60. WILSON, ELIZABETH, farmer 8. Wilson, James, farmer 8. Wilson, James, farmer .38. Wilson, Robert, farmer 8. Wilson, William J., farmer 8. Wood, I5arnabas, carpenter and joiner and fiirmer 25. WOOD, CHAS. S., farmer 109. WOOD, LEWIS, hotel prop. Wood, Perry, farmer 5M. Young, Henry, farmer 43. Young, Ira, farmer 100. The post office addresses of the residents of this town are Fleming and Oioasco Lake, in the the town ; and Auburn., Awrelius, The Square and Union Sj^rings, in adjoining towns. FLEMING. Ackerman, Chas., {tvith Addison, R. ster,) farmer 1.30. Web- Adams, John D., carpenter. Adams, Wallis, carpenter. Babbit, Wm. H., farmer 103. BABCOCK, DILLAYE, butcher. 156 CATUGA COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY. J^. RA-EISH 38 STATE ST. Manufacturer ALL AUBURN, N.r. and Dealer in NDS OF American and Italian Marble, AND THE BEST AND FINEST WHITE RHODE ISLAND GRANITE MONUMENTS AND HEADSTONES. Marble and Granite Posts for Cemetery Enclosures. Cash Capital, $ Total Assets, ,000. INSURANCE COMPANY, UNION SPHING-S, N. Y. DIRECTORS. ALBERT BBARDBLET, HENRY TAWGER. ^^X'^nA^jK^"'"'' llo W 'tR^ELL, TiMKS ARVOLI) BANFORD OIPPORD, J. B. CLARKE, GEO. W. THUaBUDi.^, W I HUGHITT, KELBON PKABODT,' WM. B. SCHOBBT, OEOKeB BAILEY, J B. CLARKE, Secretary. A. B. CAPRON, Gen'l Agent, A. BEARDSLEY, President. D. ANTHONY, VicePres't. GEORGE BAILEY, Traveling Agent, UNION SPBINGS, - - - - N. Y. FLEMING. 157 BABCOCK, GEO., batcher and farmer 27. Baker, David, retired farmer. Baker, Lyman S., carriage maker. BAKER, OVID A., farmer 105. Beebe, Jas. L., (Scipio,) farmer 127. Brannan, Henry, farmer 150. Brannan, Luke, farmer 15. BREESE, WM., farmer 100. Brigden, Timothy, (Scipio,) farmer 150. BROWN, SEEBER, farmer 50. Case, Oscar E., farmer 35. Clarli, Alanson M., farmer 135. Clark, William, farmer 105. Considine, John, farmer 9. Cowan, Wni., (Scipio,) farmer 87. Crawford, Chas. M., blacksmith. Culver, Marvin, farmer 72. Curtis, Chester, (Scipio,) farmer 105. DEGROFP, J., farmer 85. Delancy, William, farmer 22. Doty, Mary, farmer 207. Dunning, Seymour, prop. Fleming Hotel. EDDY, ALLEN S., {with Owefti?.0(Scipio,) farmer leases 240. EDDY, OWEN D.,^Scipio,) {with Allen S.,) farmer leases 2«). ELDREDGE, JOHN J., farmer 50. EMERY, ISAAC W., (Scipio,) farmer 100. FIELD, JULIUS, farmer 90. Ganey, Jeremiah, farmer 40. Gaston, Horace, {Tallmon & Gaston.) Gaston, Oren, stone and brick mason. Gibbions, Minam, (Scipio,) {with Hiram Williamson) farmer leasee 182. Gier, Henry, (Scipio,) farmer 90. GILMORE, SAMUEL, M. D., alio, phy- sician. Gregory, Zadoc, farmer 40. Griffes, Jonathan, farmer 61. GRIGGS, SAMUEL, farmer 90. Grover, John, carpenter. Hale & Brother .{Luther and John,) grocers. Hale, John, {Hale & Brother.) Hale, Luther,(i/afe & Brother,) postmaster. HALL, HENRY W., farmer 63»^. HALL, JOHN, farmer 50. HALL, SPENCER, farmer leases 88;^. HASKINS, EDWIN P., (Scipio,) farmer 85. Hickey, Martin, farmer 9. Hopil, Elias Rev., M. E. clergyman. HOSKINS, CHAS. V., farmer leases 145. Howell, David C, farmer 90. HOWELL, E. A., farmer. HOWELL, ELLIOTT, farmer 19. Hoyt, Samuel, retired shoemaker. Hutchinson, Wm., proprietor Fleming Ex- change. JAQUETT, WM. L., carpenter. King, John, farmer 98. Large, Isaac, farmer 64. Large, Leonard, farmer 103. Large, Watson, farmer 65. Leach, DeWitt C, (Scipio,) farmer 112. Lee, James, farmer 10. MABEY BYRON W., journeyman black- smith. MABEY, GEO. F., blacksmith. Mabey, Geo. W., farmer 127. Marsh, Geo. S., (Scipio,) farmer 150. Marshall, Robert, farmer 60. McCann, Miles, farmer 7. Merritt, Caroline, farmer 34. Morey, David S., (Scipio,) farmerCS. Morgan, Wm. A., farmer 4. MOSHER, AMOS, saw mill and former 105^. MOSHER, GEO. W., farmer. MOSHER, JOHN, farmer 90. MOSHER, WM., farmer 55^. Muldoon, John, (Scipio,) farmer 21. Munn, Daniel J., carpenter and farmer 7. Myers, Andrew, retired farmer. Myers, David, brick and stone mason and farmer 65. Nickelson, John, farmer 5X. O'Bryen, Jas., (Scipio.) shoe maker. O'Harra, Henry, (Scipio,) farmer 150. O'Harra, Hohn, (Scipio,) farmer 2;}0. OLMSTED, GEO., farmer 48. OSBORN, SAMUEL, farmer 130. Paul, Cornelius, farmer 92. Pease, Aman A., farmer 18. PEASE, C. S., farmer. PEASE, ETHAN, farmer 159. Pierce, Rosamond, (Scipio,) farmer 7. POST, GEO., farmer 90. POST, CHARLIE M., farmer. POST, HORACE G., {with Jacob i?.,) far- mer 132. POST, JACOB R., {with Horace G-.,) farmer 132. Powers, Daniel, farmer 10. Pressf, William, (Scipio,) farmer 100. Pulman, Kenyon, farmer 5. Ramsey, David, (Scipio,) farmer 50. Reynolds, Jeremiah, (Scipio,) farmer 80. Robinson, William, farmer 30. SHAW, GEO. H., farmer 97X. Shaw, William, (Scipio,) farmer 92)^'. Sheldon, Elijah F., (Scipio,) farmer 128. Silwell, William, carpenter. Smith, Acy, farmer 2. Smith, Polly, farmer 30. STANDISH, HENRY, (Scipio,) patent roofing and farmer 4. STURTEVANT, JOHN F., farmer 50. Suydam, Isaac S., farmer 80. Tallman & Gaston, {Johnson Tallman and Horace Gaston,) general merchants. Tallman, Johnson, {Tollman & Gaston,) justice of the peace and town clerk. Thornton, Frank, farmer 91. THORNTON, HIRAM, farmer 60. Tincknell, John, farmer 33^. Tryon, Wm. R., farmer 115. Van Arsdale, Henry, farmer 131. Van Nest, Hugh, farmer 129. Waldo, John, farmer 107. Waliis, Saley, (Scipio,) farmer 90. Wallis, Theodore, patent right dealer. Want, James, (Scipio,) farmer 91. Warwick, Robert, farmer 50. Wheaton, John, farmer 69. Wheeler, Edath, farmer 14. WHEELER, ERASTUS, farmer 137. Wheeler, Edward P., farmer 144. WHEELER, SAMUEL C, farmer. WHITE, JOHN P., (Scipio.) farmer 80. WHITE, WM., farmer 148. Wiggnas, Thomas, (Scipio,) farmer 72. WILLIAMSON, HIRAM, (Scipio,) {with Minam Gibbions,) farmer leases 183. WISE, HENRY G., produce broker. Wise, Wm. G., farmer 200. WITBECK, HENRY, farmer 130. Witbeck, Sarah, (Scipio,) farmer 80. Wood, Isaac, farmer leases 40. 158 CAYUOA COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTOBY. WESTEM HOTEL, UTIGA STREET, - PORT BYRON, N. Y. J. W. McLEAN, PROPRIETOR. OMIBDSES TO M FROM THE CAES. ^STAGES Leave for all tKe Places North and South, daily. THIS VALUABLE PROPERTY Is Offered for Sale on Reasonable Terms. MBS. L. A. DENISON Informs her friends and the public that she is still occupying the Rooms In the Masonic Hlock, Port Byron, IV. Y., Where she will be ready at all times to wait upon those wanting Pictures of any kind. PHOTOGRAPHS, LAR&E AND SMALL, PORCELAIN PICTURES, AMBROTYPES, &C. SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO Photographing on Linen and Silk, A NEW PROCESS. Remember the Place. Masonic Block, Up Stairs. MRS. Lu A. DENISON. FLEMING— OWASCO LAKE— EAST GENOA. 159 Wyckoff, Alonzo T., farmer leases 5^. Wyckoft", Henry G.. (Scipio,) farmer 163. Wyckott', Peter, retired farmer. Wyekoff, Peter C, farmer 126. OWASCO LAKE. Adriauce, Edward. (Scipio.) farmer 120. ADRIANCE, GEO. P., (Scipio,) farmer 121. Babcock, Worden, (Scipio,) farmer 4. Bennett, Isaac, (Scipio,) farmer 10. BOULT, AUGUSTUS, (Scipio,)(m^. Beardpley. Divid, thresher and fanner 18. BOTHWELL, ALEX, farmer 233. Both well, Lewis, farmer 14S. Bower, Marcus E., farmer 218. Boyce, Richard, farmer leases 30. Branch, Samuel C, farmer 50. CALVERT, JAY, farmer with Henry Close. Close, Heury, farmer 60. DEARMAN, AC C, farmer 34. Devine, Mary H. Mrs., artist, home lot 1. FERRIS, GEO. W., farmer 124. Foote, Cornelius, fanner 56. Gorman, Thos, ditcher and farmer 12. Haulenbeck, Gitty Mrs., home lot. Holden, J. Hoban, inventor. Lane, Ezra S., farmer 52. Leavenworth, Horace, fanner 73. Lockwood, Catharine MiB8,(i:;iealer In KEC ANO CAN OYSTERS, 7 NORTH ST., - AUBURN, N. Y. Oysters Furnished by the Quart or Gallon, Solid Measure. EAST GENOA— FIVE CORNERS. 161 STRONG, CHAS. D., farmer 102. Strong, Jerome B., farmer 1. Strong, Rufus H., farmer 108. Thayer, Stephen, farmer 100. Towsley, Polly Mrs., home lot. UPSON, LUTHKR, farmer 111. Whitman, Maria, Mrs., farmer 12. Wilcox, Chas., farmer, with Willard. Wilcox, Jeremiah, farmer 118. WILCOX, WILLARD, farmer 179. Wilcox, Wm., farmer with Willard. Wilson Brothers, (, Wm. J., and David J.,) farmers 250. Wilson, David J., {Wilson Brothers.) Wilson, Samuel, farmer 40. Wilson, Wm. J., ( Wilson Brothers.) Young, Henry, farmer 57. FIVE CORNERS. Adams, B., (S. C. Lyon <& Co.) Algard, Andrew B,, farmer 4, and farms estate of Mrs. Hannah Algard and heirs. Algard, Hannah Mrs., and heirs, estate of, ms. Algard, Nathan, shoemaker and farmer. Algart, Philip, farmer 29>^. Andrews, Roxalany Mrs., home lot 2. Andrews, Wm. O., farmer 120. Atwater, N. B., (S. C. Lyon & Co.) Bacon, Daniel M., farmer 50. Bacon, Geo., farmer 71)^. Barger, Chas. G., farmer 120, Bastedo, John, farmer 12. Bates, Augustus, farmer 5. Blue, Culver H., wagon maker and farmer 52;^. Bower, Daniel, farmer 100. Bower, Edwin, farmer 5.3. BOWER, LEWIS, farmer with Daniel Bower. BOYER, JOHN, flouring and saw mills and farmer 124. BRINK, JAMES, farmer 74 88-100. Brook, Nathaniel, wagon maker and farmer 31. Byington, Lester, blacksmith. Cheesman, A. Garrison, farmer 76. Clark, James M. Coleman, Lyman, farmer 16. Collier, Mary F. Mrs., retired teacher, home lot 2. Coon, Alanson Mrs., and heirs (estate,) 71. Coon, John, farmer. Coon, Wm ., blacksmith and farmer 32 V. CORWIN, CALEB. H., farmer 70. Corwin, Joel, farmer 15X and leases 45. Curtis, Henry, farmer 2\. DAVIS, BENJAMIN F., auctioneer and agent for agricultural implements and sewing machines. Davis, Wm., M. D., allop. physician. Detrick, Blias, painter. Dickerson, Geo. W., manufacturer sor- ghum syrup and farmer 96. Drake, Benjamin W.. farmer 12X. Ellison, Amasa, blacksmith and farmer 27. Ferris, Albert, carpenter and {with Lewis) farmer 70. Ferris, Edmund L., builder and farmer 20. Ferris, Lewis, farmer 14. Ferris, Lewie 2d, {with Albert) farmer 70. Ferris, Lockwood, boot and shoe shop and farmer 48. Ferris, Louisa Miss, tailoress. Ferris, Mills, carpenter. Ferris, Phebe Mrs., home lots 12. Ferris, Sarah Mies, dressmaker. Ferris, Wm., farmer 50. French, Wm. C, agent for sewing machines and agricultural implements and far- mer 9. GARD, THOS., farmer 45. Goodyear, Joseph , carpenter and farmer 8K • HOFFMAN. JOHN W., farmer 40^. HoUister, Francis, farmer 54^. HOLLISTER, JOHN W., farmer nX- HoUister, John Q., farmer wtth John W. Huffman, Edward C, retired shoemaker. Hunt, Esther B. Mrs., music teacher. Hunt, Henry B., (wt^A Wm. B.,) farmer 65. Hunt, Nathan F. Rev,, Methodist clergy- man. Hunt, Wm. B., (wiCA Henry B.,) farmer 65. Ives, Alburn, sawyer. Ives, Darwin E., carpenter. Jewell, Wm., carpenter and farmer IX- Johnson, Lewis, farmer 10. Johnston, Philo W., farmer 50. Kibler, Daniel, farmer 8 and leases 84. Kibler, John Philip, retired miller, home lot 2. Knapp, Samuel C, carpenter. Kneeshaw, Jane Miss, home lot. Kniffln, Emily Mrs., retired school teacher and farmer 15. Kratzer, Jennie, school teacher. Kratzer, Joseph, farmer with Mrs. J. Krat- zer. Kratzer, Joseph Mrs., and heirs, farmer 85. Kratzer, Philip, carpenter and farmer 5. Kratzer, Theodore, carpenter. Lawrence, Marv Miss, tailoress. Lawrence, Rachael Miss, seamstress. Lawrence, Samuel, farmer 93. Lebar, Alexander, retired shoemaker. Lyon, Charles, thresher and farmer. Lyon, Ezbon, farmer 82 j^. Lyon & Moe, {Samuel C. Lyon and Marcus M. Moe,) grain dealers. Lyon & Perry, {Samuel C. Lyon and Daniel W. Perry,) general merchants. Lyon, Samuel C, {Lyon & Moe,) {S. C. Lyon & Co.,) {Lyon <£P«rry,) justice of peace, postmaster and farmer 15. Lyon, 8. C. & Co., (iV^. B. Atwater, B. Ad- ams and Samuel C. Lyon,) storehouse. LYON, THKOPHILU8 P., farmer 90. Lyon, Timothy 8., painter and farmer 3. Mann, Wm. A., farmer 52. Mason, Adelia Mrs., farmer 50. Mastin, Leid, flouring miller. McCarty, Patrick, farmer 15. Mead, Lockwood, retired tanner and far- mer 20. Medcoft', Richard, farmer 50. Metcalf, Richard, farmer 50. * Miller, John R., wholesale traveling mer- chant. Miller, Lucy Miss, school teacher. Miller, Lyman, carpenter and farmer 7. Miller, Thomas, builder and undertaker. Moe, Marcus M., {Lyon cfc Moe.) More, Wm. H., gunsmith. 162 CA YUOA CO UNTY B U8INE8S DIRECTOR Y. CHAfiiCS 1 And Business Men ! There is something new in Auburn in which you are interested. Are now offering their Goods for sale in this City, having opened a Store AT NO. 7 STATE STREET, For the sale of their Cassimeres, Flannels, Woolen Yarns, Socks, &c. Our senior partner, Mr. William Hayden, has been engaged some Twenty Years, with his father (now deceased) in the manufacture of these desirable goods. In addition to his own experience, we have employed the best skill in the country, in all the different branches, and have New and Perfect Machinery, and cannot fail to please all who give us a call. Is used in any goods manufactured by us, and EVEKY YARD IS WAKK ANTED. FIFTY PER CEIVT J^iAVED In wear, and Twenty-five per cent, in prices, by making your purchases direct from the manufacturers. No better evidence is wanting of the value and estimation in which these goods are held by the public, than the ready sale with which they meet. CASH AND WOOL REGEiVED IN EXCHANGE FOR ANY OF OUR GOODS. All exchanges for WOOL will be made at the Factory, One-half Mile West of State Prison, on Wall Street. OXJSTOI^^ O^RDHSTGh. We have employed Mr. Andrews, one of the most competent workmen in the country in this department. WM. HAYDEN. R. T. MORGAN. FIVE CORNERS— GENOA. 163 Morey, Deborah Ann Mrs., {with heirs,) farmer lOOX- Morey, John, farmer with Mrs. D. A. Mo- rey. Morrison, Geo., (Morrison & Son.) Morrison & Son, ( Thomas & George^ far- mers 84. Morrison, Thomas, (Morrison <& Son,) far- mer 10. Ovid, Mary Mrs., home lot 1. Ovid, Simon, farmer 7Ji. PALMER, ALBERT, {Palmer Brothers.) Palmer, Alfred, farmer 10. PALMER BROTHERS, {Edward and Al- bert.) farmers 100. PALMER, EDWARD, {Palmer Brothers.) Palmer, Harry, retired carpenter and far- mer 7. Palmer, Libbie Miss, tailoress. Palmer, Lockwood, boarding house and farmer 55. Palmer, Mary Mrs., home lot 9. Palmer, Winans, farmer 109. Peck, AlansonB., farmer with Daniel Peck. PECK, DANIEL, farmer 150. Perry, Daniel W., {Lijon, ^. Gammel, Joseph, thresher and farmer. GENOA HOTEL, John Bowker, propr. Glover, Deloss W., harness maker. Goldberry, Joseph, farmer Z%. Greene, Samuel S., retired farmer 2%. Hall, Jacob, farmer 82. HAND, CHAUNCEY, farmer 200. Hand, Hiram, farmer 147. Harmon, Andrew, blacksmith. Harris, Benjamin F., farmer 100. Hawkins, Robert S., salesman for L. V. Smith. Haws, Elizabeth Mrs., (P. O. address North Lansing, Tompkins county,) farms es- tate of self and heirs, 130 Haws, Philip, (P. O. address North Lansing, Tompkins county,) farmer. Herington, Daniel, farmer leases 160. Herman, Andrew Mrs., farmer 89. HEWITT, AUGUSTUS, farmer with Sam- uel A. HEWITT, GEO. DR., homeo. physician. Hewitt, Samuel A., farmer 42. HEWITT, S. S., notary public and super- visor of town. Hobert, Daniel, boots and shoes and farmer 3. Holden, Geo. J., carpenter and joiner and farmer 37X- Holden, John, farmer 62. Holden, John H., farmer. Holden, Oliver P., farmer 57. HOWE, SQUIRE, {Howe & Waldo.) HOWE & WALDO, {Squire Uoive and Ar- thur T. Waldo,) flouring and custom mills. Hughlitt, Amos J., farmer 177>^. HULL BROTHERS, {Charles and John,) cattle growers and farmers 300. HULL, CHARLES, {Hull Brothers.) HULL, JOHN, {Hull Brothers.) Hurlbut, Mary J. Mrs., farmer (farms estate of self and heirs,) 102. Jacobs, Abram S., farmer leases. Jacobs, Nelson L., blacksmith. Johnson, Chas., machinist. Keve, Patrick, farmer 3. Kimbark. Caroline M. Mrs., home lot. 1 64 CA YUOA CO UNTT B USINESS DIRECTOR T. 14 & 16 East AUBURN, ID E^L- GROCERIES £ PROVISIONS Where will be found a Select Assortment of Choice Family Groceries, "Which we Offer at Prices to Suit the Times. We have fitted up, in connection with our Grocery, .AJJS[ 3E3-A.T?I3>3'C3t- OFLOOnVt, Where you will find Oysters in every Style. Warm Meals at all hours. JOHN ROGERS. JOHN HYLAND. tTj, KENNEDY, PRACTICAL PAfflTEE Paints, Oils, Varnishes, FRENCH AND AMERICAN WINDOW GLASS, ^A^H, BLINDS, DOORS, Room Papers, Borders, Curtain Papers, Win- dow Shades, Pictures, Cords and Tassels, G-iltfe Rosewood Mouldings, Picture Frames and Artists' Materials. NO. 21 STATE ST., - AUBIJRIV, N. Y., opposite; the ^rm:ory. OEiYO A— KING'S FEBRY, 185 LANE, DANIEL, farmer leases 175. LANE, WM. H., {Snyder & Lane.) Leonard, Cornelius, farmer 4. Lester, Geo., farmer 50. LESTER, WELLINGTON P., farmer 74. Lewis, Anderson, (Lewis Brothers.) Lewis Brothers, {Mwgan & Anderson,) far- mers 100. Lewis, Morgan, {Lewis Brothers,) town as- sessor. Livingston, Robert G., farmer 25. LIVINGSTON, ROBERT G. JR., farmer. Lockwood, Florence E. Miss, school teach- er. Louw, Wm., farmer 170. Lowe, James H., farmer with Wm. Lonw, and auctioneer. Lowe, Sophronia Miss, school teacher. MAIN, AMOS, saw mill and farmer 207. Manchester, Orange L., farmer. MASTIN,SELAHT., justice of peace,8tock dealer, tailor and farmer 73. Mathewson, Ellen L. Miss, school teacher. Mathewson, Mustapha, farmer 92. MAYNARD, HENRY A., lawyer. McMahan, Catharine Mrs., farmer 15. McMahon. James, farmer 4. Mead, Daniel L., inspector of elections and farmer 130. MEAD, ISRAEL, farmer 175. Mead, John A., farmer, with Israel. Mead, Lncian B., farmer with Israel. Mead, Stephen, farmer 85. Merritt, D. Guillingham, mechanic in wood. Merritt, Garry K., machinist. Merrit, Gilbert, general mechanic. Merritt, O.K. Mrs., seamstress. Miller, Edmund, (Venice,) farmer 140. Miller, Philip, (Venice,) farmer 101. MILLER, PHILIP H., (Venice,) farmer 71. Miller, Robert G., farmer 148%. Mills, Geo. H., (Venice,) farmer 50. Mills, Luke H., (Venice,) farmer 100. Miner, Wm. O., farmer 64. Mosher, Samuel, carpenter, home lot. Mulvanay, Nicholas, farmer 2.3. Niles, Chas. S., {with Nathan.) farmer .37>^. Niles, Nathan, farmer 46 and {with Chas. 8.,) 37X. Norman, John, farmer 107. Nye, Davjd B., (Venice,) farmer 111. Nye, Orlin B., machinist. O'Connell, John, farmer 14. Osmun, Jacob, (P. O. address North Lan- sing, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 160. Perry, John, (Venice,) farmer 175. Pierson, Timothy, (Venice,) farmer 130. Raymond, Luke, farmer 127. Rundell, Wm. F., inventor and patentee. Rundle, Lockwood, farmer 127. Rundle, Nathaniel, farmer 41. Sellen, SeldenF., constable, auctioneer and farmer 6. Sellen, S. F. Mrs., dress maker. Sharpsteen, Hiram, (Venice,) farmer 130. Sharpsteen, Jacob, (Venice,) farmer 67. SILL, JOHN, farmer .360 and leases 300. Sill, Thos., farmer with John. Sisson, Geo. M., (Venice,) farmer 280. Slater, Henrietta Miss, milliner. Slater, Ira M., carpenter. Slater, Marcellus A. Smith, Henry, (P. O. address Lake Ridge, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 55. Smith, Josiah T., shoemaker and farmer 8. Smith, Lewis V., general merchant, col- lector town taxes and farmer 15. Smith, Orange, (Venice,) farmer 75. Snover, John,- farmer leases 197. SNYDER, DANIEL, (firm of Snyder ^. Covert. Ben. F., farms with Anthony. COVERT, LYDIAC. MISS, governess. Covert, Mary H. Miss, dress maker. Crocker, Asa, farmer 97. CROCKER, GEO. W., (G. Vv^. Crocker <(■■ Co.) CROCKER, G. W. & CO., (Geo.W. Crocker. Thomas Underhi/l and Wm. A.Purdy,) stoves, tin and hardware. Crocker, Irving, farmer with Asa. Crocker, Joseph, retired farmer, horse dealer and farmer 2. Crouch, Geo., farmer ^}4. CROUCH, JASON G., carpenter and far- Dier 4. Crouch, Newel, farmer. Curtice, Alonzo, farmer 64. Dean, Daniel J. , home lot 1>^. Devercux, Sarah Mrs., with Harrison Tich- nor. Dodd, David W., cooper. Dodd, Parmenus, builder and farmer 7. Dodd, Polly Mrs., farmer 1. Dodd, Wm., farmer 1. Dudley, Samuel, (Ledyard,) farmer leases 107. Dullehan, Patrick, farmer 2. Ely, John, farmer 7. Fallon, .John, farmer 2. Feuner, Joseph, farmer 103. Fessenden, Samuel C, farmer 121. Fessenden, Stephen, farmer 114. Flynn, Patrick, farmer 8. Franklin, Samuel N., (Ledyard,) farmer 115, Frits, .John, farmer 40. Garey, Chas. W., (Garey <& Purdy.) Garey & Purdy, ( Chas. W. Garey and Wm. A. Purdy.) merchant tailors. Gibbs, Rowland, T. retired master mariner and fiirmer 8. Gloss, John W., fisherman and farmer 2)^. Goodyear, Edwin, farmer 143. Goodyear, Fanny Mrs., farmer 112. GOODYEAR, HORACE L., farmer with Mrs. Fanny Goodyear. Goodyear, Lucius A., farms for Stephen Fessenden 114. GOODYEAR, SIDNEY S., farmer 78. Goodyear, Thos. P., farmer 77. Griger, Sherbern, carpenter and joiner. Hall, Wm. B., farmer 75. Hallett, Emily Mrs., farmer 40. Hawkins, Morris B., farmer 70. Hill, John J., electropathic physician. Holden, John H., farmer 57. Holland, John, thresher and farmer 23. Holland, Joseph, farmer. Holland, Samuel, farmer and thresher. Holland, Thos., farmer 50. Jackson, Geo., farmer 42. Jackson, John, farmer 100. Jackson, Joseph, farmer 1. Jacobs, Isaac, (Venice,) farmer 25;^. Jacobs, Thos. L., (Venice,) farmer leases .51. Jewell, Harrison, farmer. JUMP, CAl^VIN, farmer 111)^. Jump, Hiram, farms with Calvin. Jump, Horace, retired farmer. Jump, John R., thresher and farmer. JUMP, NETUS, town assessor and farmer 116. KENDALL, CHAS. E., prop. Kendairs Hotel. Kendall, Orrin T.. custom boots and shoes. KENDALL'S HOTEL, C. E. Kendall, pro- prietor. King, A. Augustus Mrs., dresa maker and farmer 1. 168 CAYVOA COUNTY BtJSINESS DIRECTORY. AUBURN JOURNAL AJs^-D Daily Advertiser Office, Collonnade Block, Auburn, - - * N. Y. STEAM POWER 111 1 I^OR PRINTING EVERY STYLE OF BOOKS, PAMPHLETS, BLANKS, Bill Heads, Circulars, Handbills, Programmes, &c. Weekly Girculatioriy • 4,000. Daily '' - 2,000. ADVERTISEMENTS INSERTED ON THE MOST REASONABLi TERMS. KNAPP &c PECK, Proprietors. CA YUQA CO UNTY B USINESS DIEECTOR Y. 169 DENNIS BROS. POWER PRESS ROOMS, ELASTIC STAMP MANUFACTORY COR. OF GENESEE & MECHANIC STS., AUBURisr, - - ]sr. Y. Having just added to our Stamp Mauufactoiy a complete IW JOB PRINTING imBlIiMENT, Comprising all the latest styles of type, and capable of doing the FINEST KIND OF PRINTING, r We respectfully solicit your patronage. This office now undoubtedly embraces the newest and largest variety of Type in the City of Auburn, and the Proprietors are determined to spare no pains or expense in honorable competition with other establisli- ments. Particular attention will be paid to getting up Law Cases and Points, Cards, Circulars, Bill Heads, Posters, Catalogues, Programmes, Books, Pamphlets, Bank Checks, Blanks, Labels, &c., &c. ORDER BOOKS, DUE BILLS, RECEIPTS, NOTES, &C., Plain and in colors, made to order. Our stock of Type and Presses being entirely new, we possess great ad- vantage over an old office. The stock, although now very large, will be added to as fast as desirable styles are introduced. Being in correspondence with the largest Type Founders in the coun- try, we possess peculiar facilities for getting the latent and best. Orders for Lithographic Work, Engraving on Stone and Wood, Executed with neatness and dispatch. Orders by mail will receive prompt attention. STEREOTYPING DONE IN THE BEST MANNER. Manufacturers' Agents for all the best Cancelling Stamps made. Also, The Excelsior Copying Book ana Sheets. J.F.DENNIS. R.R DENNIS. 170 CATUOA COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY. E. D. CLAPP. J. K. TALLMANIS CLAPP & TALLMAN, LIVERY AND HACKS 26 «fe 28 Dill Street, near State. AMBrRIV, - - - - B^. \ ORDERS WILL RECEIVE PROMPT ATTENTION, FIRST CLASS LIVERY FURNISHEI FUNERALS, WEDDING & OTHER PARTIES, Furnished with Any Number of Carriages Desire* 5 Corner State and Water Streets, AIBIRN, - - - - N. 1 DEALERS IN MICH ICAN, CANADA, A^n PENNSYLVANIA PINE LUMBER HEMLOCK LATH, CAYUGA WAGON WORKS, BENCH BROS. & LEONARD, ='ARM AND LUMBER WAGONS, Democrat Wagons and Bobsleighs of Various Styles. LSO, OF G. & W. BENCH'S PAT. LEVER SEAT FASTENER & EXTENSION REACH Repairing Done in the Most Substantial Manner. ) EAST GENESEE STREET, (OPPOSITE NATIONAL HOTEL.) « A Q 2 w r"" K S H Qt < b4 fa P ^ S CA YUGA GO UNTY B USINESS DIBEGTOR Y. 173 €AYlf«A€: ^» MANUFACTURED BY THE gaC&lif Haaifa^tifiif Ctiaf i These MacMnes embrace, in Iron and Steel, the most perfect combination of valuable features, as M' AND DROPPERS, .te©i*i ^f) YET INVENTED, THEY REAP, THEY RAKE51 THEY AEE THE FAEMERS' FAVORITES 19 ¥ See Cut of Machine on opposite page. j-~t~r-.^-^^f.^^-,n -.-^-^j^rm^-^ 1-74 KINO'S FERRY. King, Abram. farmer 100/ King, Alanson B., farmer 140'. King, David, farmer 140, King, David W., farmer 50. King, Edmunifl A., small fniit gftrWel", 15 acres. King, Edward P., {ivith Marquis D.,) far- mer 360. King, Henry S., farmer 153. King, Jolin, farmer 114. King, John M., farmer 77. King, Josephus H., farmer 10-3. King, Lev.'is S., fiirmB with H. 8- King. King, Liicien B., druggist. King, Marquis D., (with. Edward P.,) for- mer 360. KING, OSSIAN, blacksmith. King, Philander P., farmer 120. King, Philaader P. Jr., farms with Philan- der P. Sr, Kingsley, Alvan, blacksmith. Kuapp, Wm., farmer 73. Kortright, Susan Mrs., home lot 1. Lanterman, Alfred, farmer 98. Lewis, Wm. H,, dentist and farmer 80. Lockwood, Gilbert, farmer 125. LYON, BRAINARD, farms with Moses Lyon, inspector of elections. Lyon, Edgar J., farms with Noah. Lyon, Moses, farmer 150. Lyon, Noah, farmer 128^. Lyon, Wm. A. R., painter and glazier. Mallison, Jennie Miss, millinery. MalUsou, Wm., farmer 19 and leases 21. Marshall, Geo., farms with John Marshall. Marshall, John, farmer 73. McGormicii, John, home lot. McCormick, Thos., farmer &i. McGuigau, Chas., retired farmer and coop- er. McGuigan, Henry, shoemaker and farmer 28. McGuire, James, custom boots and shoes. McRavy, James, wagon makcr'and farmer 11. Melvany, Christopher 41. Merritt, Wilson, farmer 36X- Milner, Isaac, farmer 8. Moe, James, carpenter and joiner and far- mer 35. Moe, Lucas, farmer 160. Moe, Roderick, retired farmnr. Monothon, Richard, farmer 2. Moreland, Alonzo B., farmer 84. ]\Iulligan, Christopher, farmer 38. Murphy, Wm. R., (Cheesman & Murphy.) Niblo, John, stoves, tin, hardware and cabinet furniture. O'Creely, Aaron, painter and glazier. Ogden & Adams, (David Ogden and Danm Adams.) grain and pork dealers. OGDEN, DAVID, (J. G. Atwater & Co.,) {Ogden & Adams.) OGDEN, WESTON A., {AdamB & Ogden.) Peck, Isaac, farmer 26. Perriue, Geo. G. Rev., rector Episcopal churches in Northville and Aurora. Pierce, Azariah B., owns farm 90. PITCOCK, HOWARD, laborer, home lot. Post, Nathaniel, farmer 3. Pritt, Estlier Miss, farmc 2. Pratt, Tully, farmer 1. Price, David, farmer 100, Purdy, Allen C, retired mercliant,home lot 1. PURDY, WM. A., (G. W. Crocker & Co.) (Garey & Purdy,) general merchant. Reynolds, Alfred, fatmer 57. Reynolds, Edwin, farmer 70. Reynolda, Mary J. Mrs.^ farnie? 110. Reynolds, Stephen B., (Venice,) farmer 125. Rhoads, Geo. A., farmer 66%. Rider, Richard, Sr., retired farmer. Rider, Richard', Jr., farmer 60. Saxton, Mary E. Mrs., tailoress. Selover, Perry H., horse dealer and com- mission merchant. Shaw, Edward, (Venice,) (ioith, Milton,) far- mer 150. SHAW, EDMUND P., farmer 100. Shaw, Lafayette, farmer 125^. Sha-w, Milton, (Veiiiffe,) (with Edward,) farmer 150. Shaw, Theron E., farmer 120. Sheldon, Ralseymou D,, farmer. SISSON, J01?EPH, undertaker. Slocum, Beuj. F., farmer leases 145. SLOCUM, ELIHU, farmer 150. Slocum, Ezra C, farmer 187.- Slocum-, Geo. P., farmer leases' 150. Slocum, Godfrey W., farmer 145. Smith, Arby, fa-rmer 73^. Sm'ith, Geo. M., dentist. Smith, Isaac, farmer leases S3. Snft8ha.ll, Daniel, (Ledyard,>.(M'^^A Moses,) farmer leases 1.30. Snushall, Moses, (Ledyard,) (with Daniel,) farmer leases 130. Snyder,- Darius, general agent, Stafford, Patrick, (Venice,) farmer 77. Stephenson, John, farmer 100. STERNS, JAMES G., patentee of improved kingbolt carriage elevator,- patent bro' ker, auctioi>eeF and farmer ^9. Stringham', Mary P. Miss, millinery. Thompson, Henry, blacksmith and farmer 1. Tichnor, Harrison, (with Jacob Shoemaker of Seneca Falls, Seneca Co.,) captain lake boat St. Ckiir, of N-ew Baltimore, and farmer 2. Tillotson, Adonijah, M. D., farmer 62. Tillotsou, Cynthia, (tcitk John M. and Mary,) farm estate 188. Tillotson, John M., {with Cynthia and Mary,) farm estate 188. Tillotsou, Mary, (with John M. and Cyn- thia,) farm estate 188. Tiltou, Patience Mrs., farmer 25. Toau, John S., (Ledyard.) farmer 107. Towuseud, Josiah H., flouring and saw mills and farmer 95. Tuthill, Nathaniel, farmer 50. Tuttle, Orrin H., ftirmer.- Underhill, Thomas, {G. W. Crocker & Co.,) farmer 4. Valentine, Daniel, traveling agent and far- mer 60. Weeks, Jonathan M., (originator of the Weeks wheal in 1857,) farmer 73. Weeks, Nelson, mechanic in wood. White, Peleg H., retired farmer 10. Wicks, Melville J., farmer. WILLIAMS, LEWIS B., farmer with Al- fred Avery. Wright, Samuel, farmer 1. Young, Emma Miss, mt{?ic teacher. Young, Hiram, farmer 152. Young, Lorenzo D., farmer 90. BETHEL CORNERS— IRA. 175 The post office addresses of the residents of this town are Bethel Corners and Ira, iu the town ; (Jah and Meridian, iu adjoining towns ; Lysander, Onondaga County, and Boweri's Corners and Soutk Uannibal, Oswego County. BEtHEL CORNERS. ANDREWS, GEO. B., tauuer and farmer 17.5. Andrews, Geo. B. Jr., tanner. Bishop, Wm. F., (Victory,) farmer 194. Blessing, David, farmer 40. Carman, Richard, farmer 127. Cooper, Erasmas D, (Victory,) machinist, farmer 7-f. FOLLETT, JAMES, farmer 216. Follett, William, farmer 135. Harmon, David, {Harmon & Son.) Harmon, Rees, (Harmon <& Son.) Harmon & Sou, {Rees a)id David,) farmers 87. HARMON, WINSLOW L., farmer 85. Hatchling, Peter, (Victory,) farmer 101. Hatchiing. Wm. H.. (Victory,) farmer 50. HOLCOMB, EDWIN C, grocer and post- master. Lindsley, Jos. B., retired farmer. O'Brien, Daniel, farmer 40. Showers, Nathaniel, farmer 72. Sturge, John, farmer 90. TERWILLIGER, JOHN, (Victory,) far- mer 50. Titus, Simeon C, blacksmitli and farmer 40. Wands, Thos. B., retired farmer. WELTY, HENRY D., farmer 75. Welty, Maihias K., farmer 72. IRA. BAIRD, ADONIJAH, (P. O. address Ly- sander, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 253. Baldwin Bros., {Geo. Hiram W. and John H.,) farmers 78. Baldwin, David, Sr., (Baldwin & Son.) Baldwin, David, Jr., {Baldwin & Son.) Baldwin, Eliza Ann Mrs., farmer 88. Baldwin, Geo., {Baldwin Brox.) BALDWIN. HARVEY S.. (P. O. address South Haunibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 92. Baldwin, Henry D., (P. O. address Bowen's Corners, Oswego Co..) farmer 27. Baldwin, Hiram W., {Baldwin Bros.) Baldwin, John H., (Baldwin Bros.) Baldwin, Philo, farmer leases 113. Baldwin, Smith, farmer 21. Baldwin & Son, (David Sr. and David Jr.) farmers 62. BENTON, CHAS. D., farmerlSO. BENTON, HEMAN, farmer 128. BIRCH, B-VRTLETT, farmer 56. Blake, Emeline Mrs., (P. O. address South Hannibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 46. Blake, John, (P. O. address South Hannibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 20. BLAKE, JOHN, SR., farmer 94. Bowers, Sarah Mrs., (P. O. address Lysan- der, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 7.3. BRACKETT, FRANKLIN, (P. O. address South Hannibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 100. BRACKETT, JAS. H., farmer 112, Brackett, Truman P., farmer 68. BRADT, WM. J., (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 130. Burghdurf, Zachariah, (P. O. address South Hannibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 25. Byam, Lyman, shingle maker. CAD WELL, EPHRAIM W., (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 90. Cady, Jas, N., (Victory,) farmer leases 101. CARKNBR, GEO., farmer 66. Carncross, Margaret Mrs., (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 100. CARTER, A.MOS, (P. 0. address Lysander, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 50. Carter, Randolph W., (P. O. address Lysan- der, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 112. CARTER, WOODARD B., (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 150. Chase, Lewis, (P. O. address South Hanni- bal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 73. Clark, Ezra, (P. O. address Lysander, On- ondaga Co.,) larmer 7. COLE, NATHANIEL B., (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 64>^. Conover, John, (P. O. address South Han- nibal, Oswego Co.,) saw mill and far- mer 10. Conrad, Henry, farmer 83. Cook, Darius T., boot and shoe shop. Cook, William, (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 3. Countryman, Jacob, (P. O. address Lysan- der, Onondaga Co.,) poultry dealer. 176 CAYUGA COUNTY BUSINESS DIEECTORT. W. ROBERTS, No. 3 CLARK ST., - AUBIJRIV, N. Y. MERCHANT TAILOR, A.1VI> 33EA.LEI1 IIV CLOTHS, CASSIMERES, VESTIN€J8, TMIM- MIIVrGS, &C., &C. I keep constantly on hand all the novelties in Foreign and Domestic Cloths^ "Which I make to order in the Latest Approved Styles. Suits Cut and Made upon Short Notice. My work is all made by hand, and by Experienced Workmen. Particular Attention JPaid to Cleaning and Re- pairing Gentlemen's Clothing, Thankful for past patronage, I hope to see all my old friends, and as many new ones. IRA. 177 Cowan, Henry H., farmer 100. CROSBIB, JOHN W., wagon, blacksmith and cabinet shop. Crossett, Hiram D., wagon and blacksmith shop. CROSSETT, JOHN D., blacksmith. Culver Bros.. (P. O. address Lysander, On- ondaga Co.,) {William and John A.,) farmers 200. Culver, John A., (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co.,) {Culver Bros.) CULVER, WILLIAM, (P. O. address Ly- sander, Onondaga Co.,) {Culver Bros.) Curtis, Birdsy, farmer 58. DARATT, JAS.H., prop. Ira Hotel. He Forest, David, farmer 50. DENICK, JAMES, (P. O. address Lysan- der, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 103. Dennett, Andrew C, (Victory,) farmer 50. Dennett, Henry R., (Victory,) farmer (iO. Detrich, Casper, (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 40. Dewey, Chas., (P. O. address Bowen's Cor- ners, Oswego Co.,) farmer 15. Dickinson, David, farmer 50. Dings, Henry, farmer 50. Donlon, John, farmer 14. Doud, Jas. T., farmer 50. Downs, Henry L., {S. M. & H. L. Downs,) postmaster. Downs, Simeon M., {S. M. AH. L. Downs,) farmer 90. Downs, S. M. & H, L., {Simeon M. and Henry L.,) general merchants. Durkee, Andrew, (Pinney & Durkee.) DURKEE, AVERY, farmer 1. Earl, Asahel D., farmer 64. Ells, Wm., (P. O. address South Hannibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 86. Parnam, Benaiah, farmer 84. FAXON, EBEN R., farmer 47. Flint, Cornelius, farmer 131. Follett, Isaac, farmer 120. FOLLETT. JAMES, {Sturge, Squires & Follett.) FOOT, WM., farmer 128. Frisbie, Milton B., farmer 30. Giflord, Reuben, (P. O. address South Han- nibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 86. Gillett, Wm., (P. O. address South Hanni- bal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 85. Goodell, Jas. M., (P. O. address South Han- nibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 34. Goodrich, Aaron, farmer 26. Goodrich, Clarissa Mrs., farmer 25. GOODRICH, JOEL E., farmer 12. Green, Allen, farmer 66. Green, Smith T., farmer 100. Greis, Henry, (P. O. address Lysander, On- ondaga Co.,) farmer 100. Guernsey, Silas, (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co.,) cooper and farmer 25. Hallacy, Michael, farmer 7. HAMMOND, HARRY, (P. O. address Ly- sander, Onondaga Co.,) retired farmer. HARRIS, EDWIN, (Victory.) farmer 160. HART, THOMPSON T., (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 100. Harvey, Henry, blacksmith and farmer 5. Harvie, John, (P. O. address South Hanni- bal, Oswego Co.,) farmer leases 1.38. Hawkins, Rufus, (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 75. HEATH, SELDON D., boot and shoe shop. HEDGES, DAVID T., farmer 177. Ho&s.'Bros., {Myron and Valentine,) farmer 105. Hoag, Myron, (Hoag Bros.) Hoag, Valentine, (Hoag Bros.) Hodge, Geo. B., (P. O. address South Han- nibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 35. Hoffman, William, (P. O. address Lysan- der, Onondaga Co.,) {Northrop & Hoff- man.) Hogans, Rev., (P. O. address Wolcott, Wayne Co.,) M. E. clergyman and far- mer 133. Hudson, Orville, (P. O. address South Han- nibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 2. HUGGINS, EDWIN R., (P. O. address South Hannibal, Oswego Co.,) lawyer and farmer 138. HULBBRT, JOHN S., farmer 58. Hulett, Gerothmell B., (P. O. address South Hannibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 54. HULL, HENRY, (P. O. address South Hannibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 50. HUYCII, JACOB, (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co.,) carpenter and farmer 26. IRA HOTEL, Jas. H. Daratt, prop. James, Lyman, farmer 100. Jenkins, Francis, (P. O. address South Hannibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 22. JOHNSON, JOHN, (P. O. address Lysan- der, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 83. King, Obadiah, (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 25. Lee, Mary llrs., farmer 6. Littlefield, Geo., (P. O. address South Han- nibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 47. LIVINGSTON, ALFRED Z., farmer leases 55. Livingston, John, carpenter. Livingston, John, farmer 55. Marvin, David, (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 66. Matson, Augustine, (P. O. address Lysan- der, Onondaga Co.,) farmer leases 58. MATSON, WM. T., (P. O. address South Hannibal, Oswego Co.,) justice of the peace, lawyer and farmer 114. Mcintosh, John, (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co.,) farmer leases 150. Merrell, James, (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co..) farmer 150. Miller, Geo. W., lawyer. MONROE, DAVID, M. D., physician. Montgomery, Mary A. Mrs., milliner. MOON, CHARLES, (P. O. address Lysan- der, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 95. Morris, Clark, farmer 20. Nichols, Alvah N., (P. O. address South Hannibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 30. Northrop, Chas. W., (P. O. address South Hannibal, Oswego Co.,) carpenter. Northrop, David, (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co.,) {Northrop & Hoffman.) Northrop & Hoffman, (P. O. address Ly- Bander,Onondaga Co.,) {David Northrop and William Hoffman,) farmers 86. Osborn, Alanson B., farmer 48. OSBORN, ISAAC R., (P. O. address South Hannibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 100. Oswell, Jacob, farmer 50. PALMER, GUEIT N., farmer 173. Palmer, Jairus, farmer 107. PEIRCE, STEPHEN, farmer 125. 178 IRA— AURORA. FERINE, FRANCIS H., (P. O. address Ly- sander, Onondaga Co.,) saw mill and carpenter and joiner. Ferine, Henry, (P. O. address Lysander, Onondajra Co.,) farmer 25. Ferine, R. Morton, (P. O. address Lysan- der, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 75. Ferine, Thomas K., (P. O, address Lysan- der, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 60. Perkins, David, (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 78. Ferlcins, Francis, farmer SO. PHELPS, CHAUNCY, farmer 191. PHELPS, CLAYTON G., lime Iciln and farmer .55. PHELPS. DWIGHT, farmer 130. PHELPS, JOHN, farmer 160. Piielps, Newton S., farmer leases 63. Phelps, Samuel, farmer 53. Phelps, Zarah S., farmer 63. Phillips, Abraham, farmer 30. Fierce, Daniel, (P. O. address South Hanni- bal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 130. Pierce, Ephraim, (P. O. address South Han- nibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 50. Fierce, Sarah M. Mrs., (P. O. address South Hannibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer leases 1.30. Finney, Calvin, {Finney & Ditrl'ee.) Pinney & Durkee, (Calvin Finney and An- drew Durkee,) farmers 113. Preston, Henry C'., (P. O. address Soath Hannibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 53. Pulsipher, Dewitt C, farmer 70. Seaton, Philip, (P. O. address South Han- nibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 45. Sheldon, Henry, farmer 61. Showers, Wolcott W., farmer 96. Shultz, John, (P. O. address Lysander, On- ondaga Co..) farmer 3. Slocum, Jas. W., farmer 280. SMITH, LORENZO, (P. O. address Lysan- der, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 50. SOWARBY, ABRAHAM, farmer 175. SPAFFORD, JOHN, farmer 93. Spaflford, Solomon, farmer 56. Spickamau, John, veterinary surgeon. SQUIRES, IRVIN, (Sturge, 8qmre8 and FolletU) farmer 127. Stampp, Frederick, (P. O. address Lysan- der, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 50. CJtorr,. Mathew, (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co-,) farmer leases 73. Strickland, Hiram, farmer 40. STURGE, SAMUEL, {Sturge, Squires and FoUett,) farmer 200. STURGE, SQUIRES & FOLLETT, (Samtt- el Stii?-ge, Jrvin Squires and Jas. Folleit,) steam saw mill. Stuthard, Thomas, farmer 30. TALMAGE, RANSFORD, farmer 89. TAYLOR, GEO., farmer 100. Toller, Elisha H., (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 77%. Teller, Pierre, (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 25. Terpening, Ephraim, (P. O. address South Haimibal, Oswego Co. ,) farmer 2. TERPENING, ISAAC, (P, O. address South Hannibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 100. Terpening, James, farmer 231. Terpening, Jas. L., carpenter and farmer 13. Terpening, Samuel, (P. O. address South Hannibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 97. Terpening, Solomon, farmer 86. Terpening, Wallace, (P. O. address South Hannibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 100. Terwilliger, Richard, (P. O. address, Ly- sander, Onondaga Co.,'> farmer 100. TOWNSEND, JUSTICE,(F. O. address Ly- sander, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 400. Upson, Lawrence, (P. O. address Lysander, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 174. Van Auken, Thos., farmer 100. Van Dusen, Henry, farmer 56. Van Dusen, Mark, farmer 63. Ward, Israel H., (P. O. address South Han- nibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 45. Wells, Sanford, (P. O. address South Han- nibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 60. WELLS, WM., farmer 9. WELLS, WM. W., (P. O. address South Hannibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 100. White, Gregory, (P. O. address Sou'Ji Han- nibal, Oswego Co.,) farmer 191 WHITE, HORACE G., (P. O. address South Hannibal, Oswego Co.) farmer 168. Wiese, Geo., (P. O. address Lysander, On- ondaga Co.,) farmer 6. Williams, Henry J., (P. O. address Lysan- der, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 2. Wood, Hiram J., general merchant. Wormuth, Jacob, farmer 105. Wormuth, Levi, farmer 207. WORMUTH,. MORIAH MRS., farmer 85. The post office addresses of the residents of this town are Aurora, Led- yard and Levanna, in the town ; and -King's Ferry, Poplar Ridge, Sdinoville, 8]ierwood''s, The Square and Union Springs, in adjoining towns. AURORA. Aikin, Delos, farmer 160. Allen, Andrew, farmer leases 500. Anthony, James, machinist. I ARMS, E. W., postmaster and counselorat law. Avery, Cornelia B. Mrs., farmer 240. BALDWIN, BENJAMN, farmer 176. A UR OR A— LED YARD. 179 Battey, Walter R., farmer 21. Beatty, Benj. F., (with Samxul S. and James.,) farmer 171. Beatty, Jis., (ivitfi lienjamin, F. and Sam- vel S..) farmer 171. Beatty, Samuel S., (with Benjatnin F. and Jamen,) farmer 171. Bopart, Wm. H., lawyer. BO WEN, ALFRED, farmer 77. Bowen, Jesse F., farmer 52. BO WEN, JOHN B., farmer 90. BROWN, E. T., (F. T. Brown A. Co.) BROWN, E. T. & CO., (E. T. Brown and J. R. Sickle, of Cayuga,) coal, lumber and grain merchants. BROWN, PARDON, farmer 234. Bush, John J. Carpenter, Isaac, farmer 2.38. Carter, John A., farmer 175. Carter, Lorenzo, farmer 170. Carter, Theodore A., farmer 170. •CORY, WM. O., hardware dealer. Day kin, Samuel G., boots »nd shoes. Dean, Benjamin, farmer .30. DELAFIELD, TALLMADGE, cashier 1st National Bank and owns farm 80. DeShoiip:, Henry G., farmer. DESHONG, V. C, farmer 500. Ellis, Luke, farmer 60. Ellis, Wm., farmer 42. Fellows, H. B., M. D., homeo. physician. GIFFORD,GARDNER C, insurance agent, counselor at law and farmer 109. Giflbrd, Geo. W.,meat market. GIFFORD, WM. B., farmer 225. Gillam, Harvey E., farmer leases 75. GOULD, BENJ., farmer 440. GOULD, CHAS. C, farmer leases from Wm. A. Richmond 60. ♦GOULD, THOS., breeder of Golden Span- gled Hamburgh and Brama fowls, Chesh- ire swine, Cotswold sheep, lop eared rabbits and fancy stock and farmer 120. Hale, Richard, horticulturist. Hilliker, Geo. H., carpenter. HOAG, ISAAC G., farmer 110. HOPPER, SILAS M., merchant tailor. HOWARD, WM. W. Rev., pastor Presby- terian church. HUSSEY, EDWARD S., farmer 145. HUSSEY, ERASTUS H., farmer 150. Huesey, John D., farmer 120. HUSSEY, LEMUEL D., farmer 146. King, Nelson, hotel proprietor. Lefflngwell, E., M. D., alio, physician. Locke, Abram W., carpenter. Mandell, Samuel B., architect. MARSH, JOHN, wool buyer and farmer 130. Marvy, Nelson, farmer leases 150. MAURICE, JAMES J., farmer 240. MC DOWELL, JOHNSON, (McDowell and Salisbury,) deputy postmaster. MCDOWELL & SALISBURY, (Johmon McDowell and Geo. W. Salisbury,) drug- gists &c. Menzie, Henry, mason. MITCHELL, JOSEPH R., farmer 135. Morgan, Alonzo D., farmer SO. MORGAN, CHRISTOPHER B., (B. Mor- gan & Son. MORGAN, HENRY A., wool buyer. MORGAN, RICHARD, (R. Morgan and Son.) MORGAN, R. & SON, (Richard and Chris- topher B.,) general merchants. Morgan, Wm. J., farmer 200. Morrell, Charles, insurance agent. Mosher, Allen, teller First National Bank. Mosher, Stephen, with Wm. O. Cory. Mosher, Wm. T., general merchant. Parmelee, W. I., telegraph operator. Perry, John, carpenter. POLHAMUS, MAURICE, blacksmith. REYNOLDS, AUSTIN, dentist and jew- eler. Robinson, Chas. S., clerk freight office. Salisbury, Geo. W., (McDowell & Salisbury.) SANDS, ALANSON, farmer 160. Sexton, Abram, farmer leases from J. J. Thomas, 115. Sherman, Russell, farmer 30. Shey, Richard, farmer 17. Shimer, G. W., farmer. Smith, Abram B., farmer 100. Smith, Isaac L., farmer 50. Smith, James, carpenter. Smith, James B., farmer 60. Smith, Polly Mrs., farmer 6. STEPHENS, JOHN W., principal Cayn^a Lake Academy. Sullivan, Florence, harness maker. Tabor, Abraham, farmer 180. TRIPP, JEFFERSON, farmer leases 125. Tripp, Samuel, farmer 130. Tupper, Chas., farmer leases from Ezra Willets, 117. WALKER, EDWARD N., professor Cayu- ga Lake Academy. Walker, Philip M., farmer 219. Weeks, Geo. H., dentist. WELLS, HENRY, president of American Express Co., Wells & Fargo's EKpress and Wells and Butterfield's Express. WHITE, CORAL C. JR., (tvith Coral C. Sr.) farmer 118. WILLETS, AMOS R., warehouse and far- mer 100. Williams, John E., farmer 30. Winters, Andrew L., carpenter. Winters, J. C, painter. Zabriskie, N. I., attorney at law. ' LEDYARD. Avery, Benjamin, farmer 250. Avery, Charles, farmer 250. Avery, Chas. D., postmaster. Avery, Edgar, farmer 200. Avery, Hamilton, farmer 118. Barker, John, farmer 140. Bates, Samuel, farmer 50. Brat, Mary Miss, farmer 1. Brotherton, Enoch, farmer 20. Bruce, Jared I., farmer 14. Burns, Julia Mrs., farmer 73. Burns, Patrick, farmer 15. Demsay, Edward, farmer 10. Downing, Geo. H., farmer 40. Doyle, Patrick, farmer 2. ELMENDORF & FULLER, ( Wm. H. El- mendorf and Geo. S. Fuller,) carriage EEMENDORF, WM. H., (Elmendorf dk Fuller.) Foley, P. M., farmer 125. 180 CA YUOA CO TJNTY B VSINESS DIRECTOR Y. Weedsport, N. Y. Our office is replete with all facilities for doing good work, from a Card to a Mammoth Poster. PlAi AND ORNAMITAL PRiTIl, EXECUTED PROMPTLY, AND IN UNEQUALED STYLE. IN ALL ITS VARIETIES. FAST PRESSES AND NEW TYPE. THE WEEDSPORTSENTINEL. A Republican Journal, published at our office, and next in size to the largest paper published in Cayuga County. Terms, - - - - S2.00aYear. A SHARE OP PUBLIC PATRONAGE IS SOLICITED. JOHN GIBB & SON. LEDTABD-LEVANNA, 181 FULLER, GEO. S., (Elmendorf & Fuller.) Fuller, Lyman, blacksmith. GifFord, Elizabeth Mrs., farmer 11. GLANISTER, JAMES, saw and gristmill. Golden, Edward, farmer 1. Greenfield, Titus, farmer 133. HUSTED, LOT C, farmer 37X. HUTCUINSON, MATHLVS, farmer 123. Jackson, Andrew, farmer 14. Judge, Wm., farmer 135. Kenyon, John J., farmer 103. KENYON, SYLVESTER, farmer 16. King, Alfred, farmer 198. King, R. G., farmer 150. King, Susan Mrs., farmer 56. Lampkins, Dr., farmer 70. Mahany, John, farmer 31. Mason, Albert, farmer 75. Mason, Alonzo, farmer 200. Mason, Benajah, farmer 50. Mosher, Abba J., farmer 21. Mosher, Sidaey, (J. P. Proud & Co.) Mosher, Thos. S., farmer 25. Niblo, James, farmer 140. PAILCA, JOSEPH, blacksmith and far- mer 3. Parmeter, Wm., farmer 15. Patchen, John, farmer 12. Proud, Jonathan P., {J. P. Proud & Co.) Proud, J. P. & Co., (Jonathan P. Proud and Sidney Mosher,) general merchauta. Purdy, Henry, farmer 150. Purdy, Wm. P., speculator and farmer 310. Rapp, Wm. A., farmer 35. Rity, Edward, farmer 4. Robinson, Solomon, (Genoa,) farmer leases 80. Scammon, Hettibel Mrs., farmer 170. Shells, Hugh, farmer 73 j^. Simkin, Edward, farmer 100. Simkin, Samuel, farmer 100. Smith, Allen, farmer 104. SMITH, CHAS. E., farmer 100. Smith, Cornelius I., farmer 30. Smith, Geo. T., commission merchant. Smith, Harrison, {ivith Leonard A.,) farmer 162. Smith, Isaac, farmer leases 95. Smith, John F., farmer 100. Smith, Leonard A., {with, Harrison,) far- mer 162. SMITH, SAMUEL G., farmer 50. Stark, S. C, farmer 300. Starkwether, James, farmer 80. Stewart, James, farmer 81. Stewart, Robert, farmer 81. STEWART, ROBERT, farmer 192. Townly, John C, farmer 3. Tremain, Jas. K., farmer 78. Trumau, N. D., farmer 187. Tupper, Volney, supervisor and farmer 102. Waters, John, farmer 2. WILBUR, JOSEPH R., farmer 160. WILLIAMS, CYNTHIA M. MRS., farmer 91. Williams, Daniel, farmer 9. LEVANNA. ALLABACK, JACOB, drover. Allen, Walter W., {ivith Wm. S.,) farmer 340. ALLEN, WM. S., (with Walter W.,) farmer 340. Baker, Jas. H., lawyer. Bowen, Geo., farmer. BO WEN, W. MELVILLE, farmer 18. BOYCE, SENECA, justice of the peace and farmer 66. CHASE, ABBOTT H., farmer 196. Crise, Henry G., farmer. CRISE, WILLIAM, farmer 310. DeShong, Wra. B., farmer 140. Duck, John, farmer 12. ELLIS, ALFRED, (J. <& A. Ellis.) ELLIS, J. & A., {John <& Alfred,) ware- house. ELLIS, JOHN, (J. cfc A. Ellis.) GRINNELL, WM. R., farmer 263. HILLMAN, JOHN, farmer leases 52. HOWE, J. LINCOLN, postmaster and far- mer 170. Howe, Otis, general merchant. LAWRENCE, MARY A. MRS., farmer 52. MALLORY, HARRISON J., sorghum man- ufacturer and farmer 78. Manchester, Elias, farmer 28. Morse, Daniel W., farmer 60. MORSE, HENRY H., farmer. Patrick, Chester, painter. Q,uett, Daniel, (with LaFayette Reynolds,) farmer leases from Mrs. Sarah DeShoug 112. Reynolds, LaFayette, (with Daniel Qvett,) farmer leases from Mrs. Sarah DeShong 112. Rorapaugh, John, farmer 82. UTT, GEO. W., farmer 342. There is but one post-office iu this town, viz : Locke; a few of the resi- dents get their mail at Moravia and SummerJiUl, iu adjoining towns, and Groton and West Oroton, Tompkins Co. LOCKE. ALLEY, W. W. JR., grist mill and farmer 60. ANTHONY, DAVID L., eupt. Alley's grist mill. Ashton, Joseph, farmer 125. Austin, Isaiah, farmer 114. Austin, Silas W., (Genoa,) carpenter and joiner. Avery, O. W., (P. O. address Groton, 182 LOCKE. Tompkins Co.,) music teacher and far. mer leases of Dr. Goodyear 24. Baker, Solomon, (P. O. address Groton, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 85. Barnes, Hannah Mrs. farmer 78. Barnum, Richard, cooper. Barret, Jacob, wagon maker. Booth, Parker, farmer 150. Booth, Parker, Jr., painter. BoRtwick, Henry, farmer 53. Bothwell, James, farmer 69. Bothwell, Nelson S., (P. O. address West Groton, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 65. BOUGHTON, ALANSON, REV. pastor of Baptist church. Boyce, Daniel, farmer leases of Wm. Green, 116. Brewer, Dewight, farmer leases of Elias Dobson, 100. Brigden, Edwin, wagon maker. Brigdon, John N., blacksmith. Briggs, Gideon, farmer 56. Brook8,Abram, painter and justice of peace. Brown, David J., farmer 76. BROWN, IRA W., farmerse. BROWN, MARCUS H., harness maker, with J. W. Taylor. Brown, Oliver, farmer 18. Burns, Eli, farmer 81. Bush, Elijah, butcher. Bush, Henry R., millwright and farmer 11. Case, John J., (P. O. address Groton, Tomp- kins Co.,) farmer 50. Champlin, Byron, farmer leases of Ilarvey Harris, 110. CHASE, AARON, farmer 126. CLARK, PORTER B., (P.O. address Gro- ton, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 100. Congden, Warren, farmer 96. Conklin, Benjamin A., farmer 80. CONKLIN, JONATHAN D., nurseryman and farmer 60. CONLEY, WM. A., farmer 118. Cook, Reuben, farmer S.'i. Cook, Simon J., farmer 94. Cornwell, Merit, farmer. Cowley, Stephen, farmer 70. CROPSEY, JOHN E., lawyer. Cropsey, Jane L. Miss, milliner. CROPSEY, JOSEPH S., farmer 100. Cross, John, farmer 50. Cruthers, Martin, farmer leases of Henry Ranney 150. Cummings, Geo., pump maker. Dates, Isaac, farmer leases of William Humphrey and Betsey Bennett, 100. DEMMON, J. F., carriage maker and un- dertaker. Demmon, W. N., farmer. Dolton, Stephen R., (with WilM,) farmer leases of L. Lockwood, 115. Dolton, Willet, (with Stephen if.,) farmer leases of L. Lockwood, 115. Donald9, Jonathan, farmer 9.3. DUNKS, THEODORE, saw mill. Edsall, John, farmer 86. Ellison, Daniel G., (Genoa,) farmer with Mrs. Daniel G. Ellison. Ellison, Daniel G. Mrs., (Genoa,) (tuith Jas. Palmer,) farmer 65, Force, Isaac, shoemaker. Freelove, Rodney, farmer 78. Green, Jared, saw mill and farmer 22. GREEN, LAMOTT, farmer 130. Green, Lavern, farmer 40. GREEN. WM., (Genoa,) farmer 1500. GREENFIELD, CALEB, (C. cfc 0. 1). Oreen- neld. GREENFIELD, C. & Q. D., (Caleb & Quar- tus D..) boots and shoes. GREENFIELD, QUARTUSD., (C. & Q. D. Greenjield.) Greenlear, Beriah, farmer 98. GREENLEAF, SAMUEL, farmer 100. Greenleaf, Wm., farmer 90. GUEST, EDWIN, SR., (E. Guest & Son.) GUEST, EDWIN JR., (E. Quest & Son.) GUEST, E. & SON, (Edivin Jr. and Ed- win Sr.,) general merchants. GUEST. M. H., boots and shoes. Guest, Theodore M., shoemaker. Halladay, Daniel, (P. O. address West Gro- ton, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 25. Hand, Daniel A., (Genoa,) shoemaker and farmer 2. Harris, Alonzo, farmer leases 158. HARRIS, HARVEY, farmer 126. HARRIS, HENRY, farmer 100. HARRIS, JOSEPH, farmer 168. HARRIS, JOSEPH, JR., farmer 240. Hazen. Smith, carpenter. HEATH, ALVAH, justice of peace and far- mer 93. Heath, Cyrus, (P. O. address Groton, Tomp- kins Co.,) farmer leases of Southworth heirs, 25. Heath, Harlow, farmer. HEATH, HARVEY, farmer 114. Heath, Jane Mrs., farmer 75. Heath, Warren, farmer 70. HELM, PETER S., farmer 160. Hinman, Milo, farmer 95. HOLDEN, A. J., farmer 100. HOLDEN, ANDREW J., farmer 105. HOWARD, CALVIN, farmer 135. HUBERT, JOHN, farmer 56. HUBERT, STEPHEN, grist mill and far- mer 25. Hulse, Jos., (P. O. address West Groton, Tompkins Co,,) farmer 57. » Ingalls, Schooley, carpenter. ' Ingley, John W., farmer 109. JACKSON, WM., farmer 113, JOHNSON, JOHN E., saw mill and farmer 45. Kelly, Robert, carpenter. , King, Barnabas, farmer 44. KING, CALEB, farmer 74. Knapp, Israel, (Genoa,) farmer 70. Knapp, Nathaniel, (Genoa,) farmer 30. Lane, Freeman, (P. O. address West Gro- ton, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 100. Laney, Patrick, farmer 16. Leghorn, John C, farmer 250. Lester, Chas., farmer 70. Lockwood, Henry J., farmer 155. Lockwood, Lawrence E., farmer 115. LOOMIS, BURT B., (Loomis & Lung.) LOOMIS & LUNG, (Burt B. Loomis and Rowland D. Lung,) general merchants. Loomis, Timothy, shoemaker. Lowe, Jas., farmer 180. Lowe, Jas. N., (P. O. address West Groton Tompkins Co.,) farmer 52. Lowe, John, (P. O. address West Groton, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 35. Lowe, Oscar, (Genoa,) farmer leases 50. Ludlow, Geo., farmer 18. L CKE—POR T BTB ON. 183 LUNG, ROWLAND D., {Loomis & Lung.) | Luther, Wm., farmer. LYON, A. M., proprietor Milan Exchange, general merchant and postmaster. Main, Amos, farmer 80. Main, Clinton C, farmer 95. MAIN, WM., farmer 175. MAXAM, LEROY, farmer 144.. MCINTOSH, A. JR., school commissioner and farmer 48. MCINTOSH, ARCHIBALD, farmer 173. Mead, Edward B. farmer 70. MEAD, NELSON, alio, physician. MEAD, PHILANDER. H., wool buyer. Metzgar, Peter, (P. O. address West Gror- ton, Tompkins Co.,) farmer, leases of Elijah Raynor, 55. MILES, WM., farmer 106. Morey, John, farmer 50. Morey, Whitman, farmer 69. MUNGER, WM., farmer 140. Murphy, Byron, farmer, leases of John 'Kenyon, 30. Murphy, Franklin, farmer 66. MURPHY, SOYi^Mvith Joseph,) farmer 129: MURPHY, JOSEPH, {with John,) farmer 129. Murphy, Lancaster, farmer 50. Nye, Edwin, (P. O. address Groton, Tomp- kins Co.,) farmer leases of Wm. Green 200. NYE, OBED, (P. O. address Groton, Tomp- kins Co.,) farmer 140. Oakley, Simeon, farmer 68. O'Counell. Michael, (P. O. address Groton, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 38. Palmer, Aramintia D. Mrs., (Genoa,) with David B. PALMER, DAVID B., (Genoa,) farmer 60. Palmer, Ellen A. Miss, (Genoa,) seamstress. PARKS, PHILANDER, farmer 125. Peck, Charles, farmer 25. PECK, LYMAN, farmer 114. Pennell, Jacob D., farmer leases of Isaac Love, lUO. Powers, Geo. F., (P. O. address Groton, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 75. RAYNER, DAVID, farmer 133. RAYNOR, ELIJAH W., farmer 165. Roberts, J. L., farmer. ROBINSON, CHARLES, farmer 189. Ryan. Jonathan, farmer 50. SATTERLY, DANIEL B., farmer 110. Searles, James M., farmer 51. Searles, Nathaniel, farmer .37. Sharpsteen, Alexander, farmer 45. SHAW, HARVEY, farmer 211. Sherman, John W., farmer 81. Simmons, Henry, farmer 80. Slocum, C. C, (with Oscar,) farmer 2.34. Slocum, Oscar, (with C. 6'.,) farmer 234. Southworth, 8. W., (P. O. address Groton, Tompkins Co.,) farmer leases 140. SPAFFORD, URI, farmer 82. Stewart, Alexander, (P. O. address Groton, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 60. STEW" ART, HECTOR, farmer 100. Stewart, Jas. M., farmer 56. Stone, H. C, farmer 23. Stout, Norton, farmer 56. Swarthout, Jacob, blacksmith. SWARTIiOUT, LEE T., blacksmith. Tallmadge, Wm. S.. farmer .50. Tate, Jas., (Genoa,) farmer 30. TAYLOR, JOHN W., harness maker. Teter, John, (P. O. address West Groton, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 65. TRUMBULL, CHAUNCEY, (P. O. address Groton, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 100. Tattle, John, farmer 50. Van Marter, Simeon, farmer leases of Har- vey Shaw, 125. WALLACE, HIRAM, farmer 137. WARD, ROBERT T., farmers' iVoolen raanufactory. Webb, John N., farmer 50. Weeks, Harvey, farmer 96. West, Benjamin, farmer 68. Westcott, Abraham, farmer 50. Westcott, Samuel, farmer 73. WESTCOTT, STEPHEN, farmer 100. Weston, Betsey Mrs., farmer 18. WHIPPLE, EMMETT, sup't Phelps' saw mill, (P. O. address Groton, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 105. White, Erastus, farmer 75. WHITE, PORTER, farmer 240. Wilkin, Henry, farmer 6. Winney, Maria Miss, milliner. Woodbury & Co., proprietors Phelp's saw mill, Emmet Whipple, sup't (P. O. ad- dress Groton, Tompkins Co.) There is but one post-office in the town of Mentz, viz., Port Byron. None of the residents receive their mail outside the town. PORT BYRON. ADAMS, CEPHAS B., (Close & Adams.) ALDRICH, CALVIN R., lawyer and life insurance agent. Alexander, John, teamster. Allen, Henry, (Throop,) farmer 5. Ames, John G., boat repairer. AMES, LORENZO D., boat builder. ANDREWS, ROBERT, (Conquest,) farmer 50. 184 CA TUG A CO UNTY B VSINESS DIRECTOR Y. RICHARD H.HOFF," Masonic Block, Main St, Port Byron, N. Y., DRUGS, MEDICINES, CHEMICALS FINE TOILET SOAPS, Fancy Hair and Tooth Brushes, Pare Wines and Liquors for Medicinal Purposes, PAINTS, OILS, VARNISHES AND DYE STUFFS, Books, Letter Paper, Pens, Ink, Envelopes, &c. Physicians' Prescriptions Accurately Compounded. ]N^ILES BASW MILLS, GEO. C. W. BAKER, Proprietor, IVILES, O^^^^XJO^A. CO., TV. ^ . CUSTOM SAWINQ DONE TO ORDER In the most Satisfactory Manner. CHOICE LUMBER ALWAYS ON HAND FOR SALE. MRS. D. A. EMBODY, FASHIONABLE MILLINERY, No. 123 GENESEE ST., AUBURN, N. Y., (OVER POST OFFICE,) Where may be found all the Latest Novelties in the line of FASHIONABLE HATS, BONNETS, FLOWERS, RIBBONS, And Millinery Goods generally. Hats and Bonnets Cleaned, Dyed, and Altered to the Best Styles. ratentecl ]Marcla 3G, a^nd lSepteiii"bex' lO, 1S07. This is truly one of the Greatest Inventions of the many which are con- stantly brought before the public. It does away with the Short Wniffietrees, and makes a lighter, better and cheaper Even- er than any now in use. This is no humbug, but an invention gotten up on sound sci- entilic principles. We cordially invite all to call and examine for themselves, as a prac- tical working test is the best evidence we can offer for its superiority over any other now in use. Mechanics, liverymen and farmers are all kindly invited to see and test the practical workings of this Evener; and to see is to be convinced. Town and Farm Rights for sale. BENJAMIN & WELTON, Moravia, N. Y. PORT BYRON. 185 ARMSTRONG, ABNER, {Arrmtrmg Bros.) Aniistrong, Abner A., farmer 100. ARMSTRONG & BROS., {Niram, Nelion and Abner,) storage and forwarding. ARMSTRONG, NELSON, (.Armstrong & Rro's.) ARMSTRONG, NIRAM, {Armstrong & Bro's.) : : ARNOLD, ORLANDO S., cloth dresser. ASHDOWN, GEO. W., mason. ASHLEY, JABEZ 8., carpenter and joiner, cloclc dealer and repairer. AUSTIN, DEWITT F., saw mill and lum- ber dealer. AUSTIN, EDWARD B., saloon and con- fectionery, also anctionjeor. Austin, Morton B., sawyer. Babcock, Denison S., carpenter and joiner. Badgley, Horace C, jeweler and music dealer, owns farm 2X- Baker, John, farmer 26. Baker, John S., steam bending establish- ment and hame factory at Seneca Falls. Bares, John, boot and shoe ag;ent. Barnes, Augustus, (Throop) farmer 64. BARNES, GILBERT B., (Throop,) farmer 63. BARNES, HENRY, A. M., surveyor. Barnes, Orville C, farmer leases 3. BARNES, WILLIAM H., (Throop,) farmer 75. Bearup, Justus, wagon maker. BEEBE, ISAAC L., (Conquest,) farmer 80. Belknap, Pilgrim, (Conquest,) farmer 1. Bemis, Wm. H., farmer 85. Benjamin, Eliza Mrs., dressmaker. Bennett, Barney, foreman of track repairs on railroad and farmer 8. Bennet, Samuel K., farmer 192. Benton, Bolowa, carpenter and joiner, house painter and paper hanger. Berger, George P., farmer 70. BERRY, CHARLES R., lawyer. Bibbins, Mary Miss, teacher Port Byron Free School and Academy. BLAISDELL, WM. L., (Smith & Blaisddl.) BLASS, HIRAM, (Conquest,) farmer 40. Blaes, John, (with Wm.,) (Conquest,) far- mer 254. BLASS, STEPHEN, (Conquest,) carpenter and joiner. Blass, Thomas, teamster. Blass, William, (tvith John,) (Conquest,) farmer 254. Bogart, Grant, (Conquest,) farmer 6. BOOTH, CURTISS, tanner and currier. BRADLEY, ERWIN L., (Conquest,) {Pcd- mer & Bradley.) Brady, John, (Montezuma,) farmer 50. Braytou, John, (Conquest,) farmer 53. Breen, Richard, farmer 13. Bresho, Vincent, (Conquest,) farmer 1. BRIGGS, DAVID P., mason. BRIGG8, ETTIE MlsS, dress making. Brink, Catharine S. Mrs., (Throop,) farmer 80. Brooks, Aueustus C, farmer 64%. BROOKS, Henry G., farmer 37>^. Brown, Edward V., taiolr. Brown, Lewis, (Conquest,) mason and far- mer 3. Brown, Robert, farmer leases 97. BUCK, DANIEL D., farmer 108. *BUCK, ELIJAH B., proprietor National Hotel. Buck, Hnldah J. Mrs., farmer 90. Buckingham, Cyrus, (Montezuma,) farmer 80. Buckingham, Wm. L., (Monteznma,) agent Dodge's mower and reaper, Florence sewing machine, Blodgett's horse fork, and farmer 27. Bucklin, Norman, (Conquest,) farmer 90. Bunnel, Jos., farmer 50. BURHANS, HIRAM, carriage manufac- turer and owns farm 20. BURTON PHILANDER, (Conquest,) far- mer 300. Button, Edward, herb doctor. CALDWELL, ALONZO, (lulth James,) far- mer 102. CALDWELL, ANDREW J., farmer 50. Caldwell, Hiram, retired farmer. Caldwell, James, {with Alonzo,) farmer 102. CARMAN, CHAS. W., carpenter and join- er and farmer 75. Cam, Thos., farmer 40. Carr, Eliza Miss, (Conquest,) farmer 30. Carr, Frank A. Miss, school teacher. CARR, WM. H., (Yates & Carr.) CARRIER, DAVID V., farmer 62%. Carr jer, Jane Mrs., (Conquest,) farmer 16. Case, Joel, carpenter and joiner. CASTNER, DANIEL, farmer 50. Caswell, Samuel, (Conquest,) farmer 98>^. Chaffee, Horace, farmer 82. CHANDLER, JAMES E., dentist. CHAPPELL, RUFU8, (Conquest,) farmer 61. CHRISTIAN, HORACE, prop. Railroad House and livery, and farmer 97. Christian, Horace J., farmer 37. Clapp, Benj. B., retired merchant. Clark, John, (Montezuma,) farmer 3. CLOSE & ADAMS, (Stephen H. Close and Cephas B. Adams,) iron founders and finishers, and dealers in iron and coal. CLOSE, STEPHEN H., (Close & Adams,) owns farm 2P, Clow, Abram, (Charles Cloio <& Co.) Clow, Chas. & Co., (Charles & Abram,) manufacturers of grain cradles and gavel forks and farmers 47. Clow, Geo. E., agent for oil company of Auburn. Codapoose, Peter, teamster. Colby, Emogeue E. Miss, (Montezuma,) school teacher. COLBY, LUCIUS H., farmer 108. Cole, Jesse H., (Throop.) farmer 42. Comer, John, (Conquest.) farmer .31. Converse, Ann B. Miss, teacher Port Byron Free School and Academy. CONVERSE, HOWELL B., lawyer, jus- tice of peace, coroner and police justice. CONVERSE, MARVIN B., tanner and currier and farmer 1. COON, JOHN M., boot and shoe store. Copp, Christian, farmer 4. CORWIN, WM., farmer 5. Coulter, Joseph, blacksmith. Court, Marcus, (Conqiiest,) farmer IX- Courtwright, George H., farmer leases 50. 186 PORT BYRON. Coye, Kellor'ff A., farmer 8. Crefjo, Stephen, farmer leases 80. CROSBY, ALPHEUS H., alio, physician and Burgeon. Crosman & Force, {Thomas W. Force and Crosman,) pump and gpoke manu- factory. Crosman, , (Crosman eft Forre.) CROWELL, JOHN, farmer leases 10. CRUMB, GE0R(3E W., house painter. CULLEN, ROBERT, farmer 24X- Cumminsrs, Samuel, (Conquest,) farmer 50. CUMMir;r(iS, WM. H., farmer M}^. Curren, Henry, (Conquest,) pump manuf. Curreu, Jerutia Mrs., (Conquest,) farmer 8. Currin, Sally, (Conquest,) farmer 32. Curtis, Charles A., (Montezuma,) thresher. CURTIS, SIDNEY, farmer X- Daniels, Harvey L., farmer 93. Davis & Dickey, (John L. Davis and Thos. li. Dickey,) cigar manufacturers and dealers in leaf tobacco. Davis, John L., {Davis & Dickey.) Davis, John P.. farmer 8. Davis, Joseph W., principal Port Byron Free School and Academy. DAYTON. HENRY G., cigar maker. DEGROFP & HOMEL, {.John D. Degroff and Egbert Homel,) hardware. DEGROFP, JOHN D., {Degroff & Homel.) DeGroft', Levi, farmer IS. DEMOREST, GEORGE M., undertaker and dealer iu cabinet ware and furni- ture. DENISON, KITTIE H. Miss, photograph artist. *DENISON, L. A. MRS., photograph artist. Devore, Anson H., boatman. Devore, Jacob, boatman. Devour, Samuel, boatman. DEWITT, JAMES JR., machinist and car- penter. Dickev, Thos. M., {Davis & Dickey.) DICKINSON, ETHAN A., {with Geo. If.,) farmer 76. Dickinson, Geo. W., (iri^A Ethan A.,) far- mer 76. Din chart, Henry, boat builder. DIXON, EDWARD J., veterinary surgeon f nd farmer .57. DIXON, EDWIN S., farmer leases 120. DIXON, F. FAYETTE, {Dixon & White.) Dixon, James, farmer 120. Dixon, John C, farmer 90. DIXON & WHITE, (irm, A. White. Jas. V. White and F. Fayette Dixon,) custom and flouring mill. Dolson, Mary M. Miss, teacher Port Byron Free School and Academy. Dougherty, Henry A., cooper. DOUGHERTY, SAMUEL, canal grocery. Draft, Lyman H., (Conquest,) farmer 144. Dugan, Thomas, farmer 125. Dumond, John O., {with John R. Hor>ghtal- ing,) farmer 20. Duncan, Jennie Miss, teacher Port Byron Free School and Academy. DYER, STEPHEN, carpenter and joiner and cabinet maker. Dynehart, Geo. boat builder. Eaker, Laraway, (Montezuma,) {with Rob't J}.,) stave factory. Eaker, Robert B., (Montezuma,) farmer 208. EAMAN, MARTHA A. MRS., farmer 100. EARL, LEVI II., (Conquest,) farmer 56. Eldridge, Hiram D., allop. physician and farmer 1.38. Elcry, Edmund, farmer 4. Elery, Wm., farmer 63. Elliott, Geo. C. Rev., pastor M. E. churchi Elliot, Nathan, butcher. ELLlOT, NATHAN JR., butcher. EMMONS, IRA J., lock tender and farmer 1. Erity. Edward B., farmer 86. FARMER, 1*ETER, (Conquest,) hotel pro- prietor. Farrand, Jehial F., marble dealer and cut- ter. Filkin, Henry T., (Montezuma,) farmer 71. Pilkin, Simeon B., (Montezuma,) farmer 72. Flattery, — Mrs., farmer 50. FLYNN, DENNIS, farmer 7. FORBS, ARCHIBALD, (Conquest.) farmer 114. FORCE, DANIEL A., alio, physician. Force, Thomas W., {Crosman <$■ Force.) FOX, JOHN K., (Throop,) cloth finisher and farmer 1^. Frost, Chas. J., (Conquest,) farmers. Frost, Charles J. Jr., (Conquest,) farmer 81. Frost, William, (Conquest,) farmer 75. Fuller, Daniel. (^Conquett,) farmer 25. FULLER. GEORGE W., farmer leases .50. FURGKSON, EDWARD, (Throop,) farmer 42. Gahrety, Franks (Conquest,) pump manuf. Gilbert, Zilpha, (Throop,) farmer 65. GILBERTS, EZEKIEL W., blacksmith and livery. ♦GILLESPIE, GEO. B., attorney and counselor at law, insurance and claim agent. Gilluly, James, (Conquest,) farmer 10. Gofl', Peter, grocery and provision store. Goodeli, Hannah B. Mrs,, tailoress. GOODSELL, IRA P., farmer leases of Mrs, Huldah J. Buck, 51)4. Graham, Wm., grain dealer. Graves, Daniel, dealer in horses. GREEN, ARCHIBALD M., ticket agent N. Y.C. R. R., alBoU. S. Loan Commis- sioner for the Northern District of Cay- uga. GREENFIELD, MARIA J, MRS., dress maker. GRIFFIN, JOSEPH IL. {Kerns <& Griffin.) Griffin, Minerva Mrs., (Throop,) farmer 00. GRIGGS, CHAS. P., farmer 100. Griswold, John D., tobacco pedlar. GUOOM, FRANCIS N., farmer 68. GUILFOOS, IRA, farmer, leases of Daniel Buck. 130. Guilfooz, Jacob, (Montezuma,) farmer 50. GUTCIIESS, ABRAM, storage and for- warding and president of the village, owns farm 40. Gutchess, Alexander, farmer 102, and (with Oscar,) 96. Gutchess, Ira B. , grain dealer and farmer 40. GUTCHESS, JACOB, farmer 130. (iutchess, James, farmer IX and leases 1.30. Gutchess, Mathusalah, carpenter andjoiuer and farmer 23. Gutchess, Oscar, nurseryman and {withAl- e.r.ander,) farmer 96. PORT BYRON. 187 GUTCHESS, STEPHEN, farmer 141. Gutchess, Wni.. farmer leases 80. UADDEN. BROS., (Throop,) (Robert and J. Egbert^) farmer 5T>4'. HADDKN, J. EGBERT, (Throop,) {Had- den Bra's.) Ilaclden, Jos., (Throop,) farmer 105. Hacklen, Reuben, cartman. HADDEN, ROBERT, (Throop,) (Hudden Bro's.) HADDEN, SAMUEL, tanner and ciirrier. HADGER & HAIGHT, (Jos. Undger and Jas. C. Haight.,) harness shop. HADGER, JOS., (Hadger & Haight.) HAIGHT, JAS. C, {Hadger i'. Pratt, James S., farmer 1. PRATT, JOHN S., (Montezuma,) farmer 147. Presho, Vincent, (Conquest,) farmer 1. PRIDDY, WILLOUGHBY, (Conquest,) far- mer leases 350. PRYON, AARON D., farmer leases 100. Pulver, John, farmer leases 157. PULVER, PETER W., farmer 157. (Juinby, Aaron, canal stables. t^uinn, Hugh, Sr., {zvith Hugh J>v,> farmer 3. Quinn, Hugh, Jr., (with Uugh Sr.,) firmer 3. Quinn, Wm., farmer 13. llancier, George P., carpenter nnd joiner, Rfincier, Jackson, cooper. Rancier, Joel C, house, sign and carriage painter and paper hanger. Randall, George, boatman. RANDALL, HARRY, mason and farmer 20. RANSIER, JOSEPH P., carriage painter. Reed, Albert C. Rev., pastor Presbyterian church. REMINGTON & SERVIS, (Conqne8t,)(Tra- ger T. Remington & Howard S. Servis,) steam saw mill. REMINGTON, WAGER T., (C&mqaest,) (Remington <& Servis.) Remmington, Theodore, moulder. REYNOLDS, JANE E. MRS., millinery- Reynolds, Nelson, (Conqiuest,) farmer t'3. RICE, JOHN, alio, physician and jsistice of peace. Richards, James H. Eiev.,. (Conqjiost,) Methodist clergyman. Rightmire, Harmon, farmer 45. Riker, Henry L., (Throop,) faianer 134. Riley, Mathias, farmer 2>^. ROBERTSON, DAVID, farmer IDS. Rooker, Marvin W., farmer 6.. Root, Ellas P., farmer 49. Root, Samuel H., farmer 66.. ROOT, WM. IL, farmer leases 10. RORABECK, JOHN, (Conquest,) shoe- maker. ROSS, MILTON, retired feom business. Ross, Zebulon, general merchant and owns farm 40. Roth, Wm., teamster. Sadler, David, proprietoT of stage from de- pot to village. Sample, Mrs., (ConquestJ farmer 45.^ Saxton, George, (Conquest,) farmer leases leo. Sayles, Richard, mason, SCUATZ, GEORGE, moulder. L Schemerhorn, Tobias'T-, faline neatly and expeditiously extcutcd. Fast Presses, Abundance of Material, the Best of Stock, and Competent Workmen, Enable us to warrant satisfaction to our customers. PORT BYRON. 191 TAPPAN, JACYNTHA MRS., tnilorees. Taj'lor, Ebenezer, shoemaker. TAYLOK, HORACE, journeyman cradle and fork manufacturer. Taylor, Israel B., tailor. TAYLOR, NELSON H., (Conquest,) car- riatre maker. THOMAS, ANSON H., cabinet maker. Thomas, George Bv, carpenter and joiner and farmer 8. Thomas, Gilbert, (Mead ^. Waffle, John, shoemaker. iWall, Alice Mrs., farmer 11. Wall, James, saloon keeper. ,WALLEY. NATHANIEL P., (Throop,) I manager of Straton Walley's estate 105. 'jWalter, Richard, farm overseer for Wm. j A. Halsey. WARD. EDWIN, millwright and carpenter. Ward, MarL'arot G. Mrs., farmer 30. WARD, STEPHEN, farmer 6]4. WARD, WINTHROP E., carriage maker i and inspector of cigars and tobacco. WARREN, JAMES, carriage maker. Warren, Richard, carriage maker. WARRING, WM.. weaver. WATERMAN, LEWIS, (Conquest,) mould- er and farmer 77. WEAVER, HENRY, (Conquest,) farmer 22 and leases 6. Wells, Samuel M., carpenter and joiner. WESTERN HOTEL, Howard Bros, pro- prietors. Wethfv. Chauncey J., (Throop,) farmer 100. WETIIEY, EDWIN C, farmerleases 72. WETIIEY, ERASTUS, farmer 1.52. WETHEY, J. H. & CO., (,/. Herschel Weih- ey and L. Merril Murphy,) bankers. WETHEY, OLIVER P., farmer 92. Wethey, Porter P., farmer 205. Wheeler, Nicholas, shoe maker and boat- man. Whitcomb, Alanson, bakery. Whitcomb, Charles B., tinsmith. WHITCOMB, OZIAS O., house, sign and carriage painter. WHITE, Casper L., blacksmith. WHITE, DAVED, (Conquest,) {Tifft & White.) White, Jacob Jr., (Conquest,) blacksmith and farmer .36. WHITE, JAMES V., {Dixon & White.) WHITE, WM. A., (Dixon & White.) Widrick, C4co., (Conquest,) farmer leases from Nathan Swift 146. Wilbur, Jasper, mason. WILLIAMS, JOHN D. toll gate keeper. Williams, Nathan, (Conquest,) farmer 40. Williams, Silas, boat builder and farmer 1. Williamson, George, cigar maker. WILLIS, JONAS W., farmer 14. WILLIS, WM. S., farmer 43. Wilson, Aaron, cooper. Wilson, Eli, farmer 40. Wilson, Janes H., farmer 70. WILSON, JOHND., farmer 107. WILSON. JOHN L., brewer. Wilson, Sylvester, (Conquest,) farmer 3J^. Windover, Sally Mrs., (Conquest,) farmer IX. WITHEY, J. HERSCHEL, {J. E. Withey & Co.) Wood, Harry, farmer 25. WOODEN, HORACE K., moulder. Wooden, Maria Miss, tailoress. Woodruff, John G., cigar maker. WORDEN, GEO. R., (Conquest,) prop. Farmer's Hotel and farmer 7. Worden, Gepson, (Conquest,) farmer 1%. Worden, Jas. P., (Conquest,) farmer 14. WRIGHT, CHARLES, (Conquest,) pump mauuf. Wright, Walter, (Conquest,) farmer 88. Y'ATES, CORNELIUS P., (.Yates & Can-,) constable. YATES, JACOB P., fire, marine and acci- dent insurance agent, and farmer 20. Yates, John V. YATES & CARR, (Cornelius P. Yates and W?n. H. Carr,) liquor dealers. YAWGER, JOHN P., grain dealer and far- mer 205. Youngs, Peter H., farmer 36. 192 MONTEZUMA. The post office addresses of the residents of this town are Montezuma, in the town ; Cayuga, Fosterville and Port Byron, in adjoining towns ; Sa- vannah, Wa3'ne County, and Seneca Falls, Seneca County. MONTEZUMA. Acre, Robert, (Mentz,) (Laraway, Acre & Mead.) BALDWIN, JESSE, overseer of the poor and farmer 104. BALL, CHAS. W., farmer 61. Barber, Augustus K., farmer leases 1. Beech, Parmer, {Beech & Young.) Beech & Young, {Parmer Beech and James Tming,) props, day barns and horse dealers. BELL, GEO. W., farmer 130. BELL, ROBERT, (Throop,) farmer 70. Bell, Wm., justice of the peace. Bishop, Edson, farmer 220. Blanchard, James B. , assessor of town taxes and farmer 247. BORDEN, ANDREW G., blacksmith. Bradley, Jerome, {Bradley & Son.) Bradley, Samuel, {Bradley & Son.) Bradley & Son, {Samuel and Jerome, )h\a.c\i- emiths. Bradahaw, Leslie, gate tender at River Bridge. Campbell, John, farmer 5. CARL, WM. H., carpenter and farmer 2. CARNER, HORACE, farmer 76. Carter, John, (P. O. address Seneca Falls, Seneca Co.,) cooper and farmer 104X- Champlin, Jas. P., barber. Chappell, Thaddeus C, farmer 87^. CHASE, CURRY E., alio, physician and surgeon. Clark, Hiram, fisherman. Clark, Hiram Mrs., dress maker. Clark, Levi, farmer. Conly, Thomas, farmer 57. Cook& Goodman, {Jas. Cook and John Goodman,) threshers. Cook,H. M., farmer 80. Cook, James, ( Cook & Goodman.) Cook, Mantho, farmer 31. Crispell, Levi, farmer 50. Cunningham, Wm., (P. O. address Savan- nah, Wayne Co.,) watchman N. Y. C. R. R. Daley, John F., farmer leases 80. DAMEWOOD, HENRY, farmer 100. DavSd, Benjamin F., boat carpenter. David, Wm. S., boat carpenter. Davidson, James, farmer leases 56. Davis, David Rev., M. E, clergyman. Davis, Griffin, thresher and farmer 50. Delano, Hiram, farmer 79 and leases 160. DELANO, JOHN M., son of Hiram. DEVENPORT, HORACE, proprietor Canal Exchange Hotel and day boat barn. Doherly, Martin, farmer leases 30. Donahoe, Patrick, stone wall builder^ DRAKE, ALONZO D., {Vankirk, Brake & Co.^ farmer 72 in Seneca Co. ELPHEE, EDMUND, blacksmith and re- porter for the London Times. EMRICK, PETER W., farmer leases 82. Ervin, Wm., farmer leases 181. EXNER, HORACE, harness maker. Farrell, John, 2d station keeper B. & T. towing Co. Farrell, William, farmer 13^. Fenlon, Dewitt C, {Feiilon i& Proper.) FENLON, LEWIS D., canal stores, meat market, groceries &c. Fenlon & Proper, {Dewitt C. Fenlon and Harrison Projier,) horse dealers. Filkin, Jacob, retired farmer 4. Forshee, David S., farmer 12. FORSHEE, GARRET, {Jones & Forshee,) farmer 12. Forshee, Sarah Mrs., milliner and general merchant. FOSTER, JESSE R., farmer leases 135. Poster, John, farmer 135. Fowler, Wm., farmer 130. Gaston, Wm. R., farmer 24. Gay, Moses O., thresher and fanner 2X- Gilmore, John, 2d, farmer 65. Gilmore, Robert, farmer 96>^. Gilmore, Wm., farmer 60. Goodman, John, {Cook & Goodman.) Gowers, Jas., farmer IX. Graham, Jas., farmer 140. Graham, Martin, (Mentz,) basket maker. GRAY, JOHN K., carriage maker and far- mer 1. Grotr, Wm., thresher, with Abram Sturge. HAYNES, GEO. R., 2d deputy collector of tolls. Herrick, E. Fitch, farmer 56. Hoagland, Chas. E., {Hoagland & Stanton.) Hoagland & Stanton, {Chas. E. Hoagland MONTEZUMA. 193 and John W. Stanton,) druggists and general merchants. HURD, GEORGE B., billiard and eating saloon. Jacobs, Eliza Mrs., real estate broker. Jones, Chas. H., collector of taxes and farmer leases 80. JONES, ELIZABETH MISS, (Jones & Witham,) carriage painter and trimmer. JONES & FORSHEE, (John M. Jones and Garrett Forshee,) storage and forward- ing, canal stores, grocers &c. Jones, John, wagon maker, saw mill and farmer 100. JONES, JOHN M., (./one* <& Forshee,) su- pervisor and farmer 40. Jones & Witham Misses, (Miss Elizabeth Jones and Miss Aurelia Witham,) tai- loresses and own 2. Kelly, VVm., proprietor of Northern Hotel. Kick, Brothers, (Wm. M. and John O.,) farmers lease 119. Kick, John, farmer 119. Kick, John 6., (Kick Brothers.) Kick, Wm. M., (Kick Brothers.) LaDuB, Abram, live stock dealer and far- mer 176. LaDue, David H., farmer leases 115. LA DUE, JOHN, farmer 115. LaDue, John, 2d, farmer 70. LaDue, Mortimer, farmer leases 176. LAMB, FREDERICK, speculator. Laraway, Catharine Mrs., farmer 7. Leigh, Jesse, boatman and livery stable. Leopard, Chas. E., butcher and farmer 4. Lown, Robert, farmer leases 79. Madden, James, farmer 94}^. MALLORY, CHAS. C, 1st deputy collector of tolls. Mallory, Smith D., carpenter. MARTIN, JOSHUA W:, (Thor-n & Martin.) MARTIN, PHILIP REV., M. E., clergy- man, stock grower, agent for grappling horse fork, and farmer 214. McArthur Bros., (Wm. <& Geo.,) threshers. McArthur, Duncan, farmer 15. McArthur, Geo., (McArthur Bros.) McArthur, J. Elizabeth Miss, school teach- er. McArthur, Mary Mrs., farmer \)4. McArthur, Wm., (McArthur Bros .) McClellau, James, farmer 32. McLoud, Barbara Mrs., farmer 100. M CLOUD, J AS. S., surveyor and school teacher. Miller, Gasper C, (Nelson ^. RANSOM, ROBERT, farmer 192. REMER, ABRAM L., keeper of station barn W. T. Co. Rockefeller, Jacob, farmer 80. ROCKEFELLER, PHILLIP, farmer 95. Rogers, Andrew, justice of the peace. ROGERS, WM. A., farmer leases 265. ROSS, BERTRAND, canal store, meat market, grocer &c. Ross, George, (with Wm.,) farmer. Ross, John, (with TF^n.,) farmer. ROSS, WM. farmer 274. Rumsey, Curtis C, thresher and farmer 48X. Shaw, Helen R. Miss, school teacher. SHERMAN, ELI, general merchant and post master. SPENCER, WM., grocer and fish dealer. STAHLNECKER, JOHN, farmer 97. Stanton, John W., (Hoagiand & Stanton,) agent Star Shuttle sewing machine. Stevenson, Jas. M., assessorof town taxes, agent for Dodge's mower and reaper and farmer 170. Stewart, Jay V., farmer 45. Stewart, Wm., farmer 25?^. STILES. JABEZ A., grocer. STOKES, CHAUNCEY M., 3d deputy col- lector of tolls. STOKES, HENRY, canal toll collector, veterinary surgeon, horse dealer and farmer 111. Stokes, Nancy A. Mrs., farmer 50. Sturge, Abram, thresher. Thompson Bro's, (Throop,) (Hiram B. and Levi W.^ farmer 72. Thompson, Hiram B., (Throop,) (Thomp- son Bro^s.) Thompson, Levi W., (Throop,) Thomp- son Bro's.) THORN & MARTIN, (Wm. Thorn and Joshua W. Martin,) boat builders and prop's dry dock. THORN, WM.,( r/^orn & Martin,) boots, shoes, groceries and hardware ; also president of village. Ticknor, Walter H., general merchant. Torrey, Frank, justice of the peace and farmer 140. Tosh, Jas., larmer 55. Traver, Sarah M. Mrs., farmer leases 50. Travers, Joshua, CMrpenter. TRUE ANT, CHRISTOPHER, saloon. 194 CA YUGA CO VNTY B USINESS DIRECTOR Y. rut. It. IV. nxji>soiv MECHANICAL No. 125 G-enesee St., - - Auburn, N. Y., (OVER THE POST OFFICE,) Is the onlv dentist in Auburn that manufactures and administers the DELIGHTFUL LAUGHING GAS, for Gxtractlnt; Teeth Without Pain. It ie perfectly safe and effectual, as hundreds of patients will attest, who have experienced its effects. He will also administer Chloroform or Ether, without extra fees for a Physician. Par- ticular attention driven to Fillina:, Cleaninij, and correcting irregularities of the Natural Teeth. ARTIFlCIAli TEETH insertetl on Gold, Silver, Platinum, or Kufeber Plate, in the best of workmanship, and warranted to give entire satisfaction, as no job will be allowed to leave the Office without the stamp of perfection. Malsters aiiil Rectifiers Superior Crystal XX and XXX PALE & AMBER ALE No. 34 ITITater-St.^ Auburn. MONTEZ UMA—MOBA VIA . 195 Trufant, Curtis 8., 1st station keeper B, & T. towino; company. Tupper, Mariette, Mrs., taiioress. VANKIRK, DRAKE & CO., (Mathiag Van Kirk, Alonzo I). Drake and Wm. H. Na7'aro?i,) floiuring and custom miH. VANKIRK. MATIIIAS, (VanKirk, Brake & Co.,) farmer. Vreeland, Richard M., flsherman. WARRICK, HENRY A., farmer leases 172. Watson, Norman J., thresher. WEAVER, ZIMRI, farmer 1 and leases WESTON, CHAS. C, farmer leases 56. Weston, Jehiel, (Throop,) farmer 70. Weston, Jos., agent for Whiting's marble works, Weedsport, and farmer 60. Weston, Nathan, farmer 49. WESTON, REUBEN, farmer %1}^. WESTON, WALLACE, commissioner of highways aiud farmer leases 49. Whalen, Michael, farmer 'M. White, Alanson, alio, physician and Bur- geon. White, Atala Miss, school teacher. Williams, Elijah 8r., stockholder in River BridgK3. Williams, Elijah R., grocer. Witham, Aurelia Miss, (Jones i'. ALLEY, HIKAM H., drugs, yankee notions, &c. ALLEY. JOSEPH, farmer 100. Alley, Morris K., {Thomas <& AlUy.) Alvord, Reuben. Alvord, Sophia Miss, milliner. Amerman, Ira J., farmer 93. Ames, Chester W., saw mill and farmer 2}i. Ames, Dennis, (Niles,) farmer leases 30. ANDREWS, JOHN. Aunis, James, farmer 25. Arnold, Corydon, moulder. Arnold, Eledy Mrs., taiioress. ATWOOD, BENJAMIN, farmer 184. Atwood,Jane Mrs., (Sempronius,) farmer 23. AUMOCK, P., (Niles,) farmer 100. AUSTIN, ISAAC G., farmer leases from H. C. Tuttle, dairy and 150. AUSTIN, JARED, farmer 107. Austin, Julia T., farmer 10. AUSTIN, WARD W., justice of the peace, street commissioner and farmer 3>i^. BABCOCK, ANDREW, retired farmer. BAKER, HORACE H., tanner. Baker, Wm. T., mason. BARBER, DAVID, alio, physician. BARBER, JOHN W., blacksmith. Bartlett, Delia Miss, dress and cloak maker. Bartlett, Edgar D., (Sempronius,) farmer 46. Basset, Erastus, {with Joseph,) farmer 111. Bassett, Joseph, {with Erastus,) farmer 111. BELDING, IIENRY, farmer 107>^. Camp, Austin I., farmer. Camp, Jeremiah, farmer 78. Canavan, Geo., teamster and farmer 2?^. *CAYUGA CO. COURIER, A. H. Living- ston, publisher. Chandler, Chas., (with Ira,) farmer 105. Chandler, Ira, {with Chas.) farmer 105. Chase, John C, (Chase cfe Wright.) CHA8E ifc WRIGHT, {John C. Chase and Peter R. Wright,) livery and propirietore of stage route from Moravia to Auburn, leaving Moravia at 7 A. M., and Au- burn at 2 P. M. Chimer, Chas., farmer 50. CHURCH, PHILETUS, farmer 100. Clark, Geo. P., farmer 80. CLARK, JOHN D., boot and shoe maker and poor master. Clark, Wm., (Locke,) farmer 60. Clarii, Zoroaster, carpenter and builder. Close, RufuB W., tailor. Cole, Jesse, farmer 39. Collar, Luther W., carpenter and builder. COLONEY, ALEXANDER, grocery and variety store. Colony, Wilson D., miller and former 12. Congdon, John, (Venice,) farmer 2%. CONKLIN, E., (Sempronius,) farmer 160. Cook, Cyrus O., (Sempronius,) farmer 53. Corey, A. A., (Venice.) farmer 75. COREY, CHAS. W., laborer. CORTRIGHT, JOHN, farmer 100. Covy, Edwin E., house and sign painter. *COWAN, CLARK proprietor Cowan's Hotel. ♦COWAN'S HOTEL, Clark Cowan, prop. Cox, Wm., (Niles,) farmer 94. CRAMER, WM. C, harness and trunks, also town assessor. Curtis, Alanson, farmer 70. Curtiss, Calvin J., farmer 80. CURTIS, DAN. v., farmer 105. Cutler, Alonzo, carpenter and house assd sign painter. CUTLER, HENRY, postmaster, towaclerk and collector of town taxes. DAVENPORT, LOUISA A. MRS. Davis, Samuel, (Summerhill,) farmer 45. Day, Geo., farmer 50. Day, S. Edwin, (Aikin <& Day,'} railroad commissioner. DECKER, EVERT C, farmer 152?i. DECKER, MOSES D., thresher and farmer 130. DECKER, PETER K.. farmerl4SX- DECONDRAS, LEWIS, farmer 145. Dennis, David, (with Wm.,) farmer 100. DENNIS, MORTIMER, carpenter and builder and farnae'- 25. DENNIS, SAMUEL, farmer lOOi Dennis, Warren, farmer leases 100. Dennis, Wm., {with David,) farmer 100. DESSER, J. & CO., (Joseph Desser and Henry Allen,) maaufacturers of farm implements and dealers in stoves and tinware. Desser, Jos., (J. Desser & Co.), Dillay, Daniel E., cooper and farmer 3. DOAN, ETIIEN, (Locke,) apiarian and farmer 68. Douglass, Geo.. (Niles.) farmer 50. ♦DOWNING, MARSHALL, jeweler. DUNBAR, AMASA H., general agent for Ivison, Phinney, Blakeman & Co., publishers of standard school books. Duryee. Benjamin, (Niles,) farmer 72. Duryee, David B,, (Niles,) farmer 22. DURYEE, JAS., (Niles,) dairyman and far- mer 122. DURYEE, MADISON, (Niles,) farmer 190. DLTRYEE, WM., (;Niles,) town assessor, dairyman and farmer 110. EDMUNDS, LYMAN H., farmer 118. ♦EDWARDS, DAVID, woolen manuttic- turer. Montville Woolen Mills. ELLIOTT, JAMES H., (Locke,) farmer 1 68. Ellis, Birch, (Nile?,) farmer 46. Ellis, Cyrus, (Niles,) farmer 75. English, Fannie M. Miss, preceptress Mora- via Institute. Ercambrack, Amos IL, teamster. ERHINGBACK, PHILIP, farmer 186. Everson, Terry, (Everson & Tuthill.) E VERS ON & TUTHILL, (Terry Everson and Hector H. Tnthill^ general mer- chants. EYSMAN, FRANK, farmer 150, Ferguson, Addison, carpenter and farmer 1. Ferguson, Leroy A., (Locke,) (Booth & Fer- guson,) carpenter. First National Bank of Moravia; Hector H. Tuthill, president; Leander Titts, cashier. , , .,^ FOLTS, JACOB P., farmer 295 and (icith Webster I. Greenfield,) cheese [actory. Foils, Marcus, tanner. FORDYCE, SEYMOUR J., farmer 163. Foster, Susan Miss, dress and cloak maker. Fowler, Clark. (Sempronius,) farmer 66. Fowler, John M., (Niles,) town collector, saw mill and farmer 0. Fox, Geo., farmer 7. Fox Nathaniel, teamster and farmer 3. MOBAVJA. 197 Francis, John, farmer. Freelove. Perley, (Locke,) farmer 150. FRENCH, WM. K., (Sempronius,) farmer leases 23. Fritts, Harvey M., (Seraproniiis,) farmer 10. Frost, Jesse M., miller. *FULLER, PARTHENIA MRS., milliner. Fiilmcr, John, farmer 141. Fulmer, John A., farmer 100. FULMER, JOHN J., (Siimmerhill,) farmer 138. Galvin, Mortimer, (Niles,) farmer 41}^. Garlock, Goo. W., tanner and currier. Godfrey, Edward li., shiugle maker and turner. Goodell, Alvin Dr., healing spiritual me- dium and shoe dealer. GOODRICH, DANIEL, surveyor. Goodrich, Franklin, school teacher and far- mer 8. Goodrich, James, farmer 100. Gould, James, farmer (M'i. Gould, James K., tanner and currier. Graves, Hiram, town assessor, bee keeper and farmer 129. GREEN, JAMES P. farmer 143'^. Green, Jonathan R., farmer 42>i. GREEN, THOMAS J., custom tailoring. Greenfield, E., farmer 57 and leases Ifid. Greenfield, Sexton, (Semprouius,) farmer leases 200. Greenfield, Webster I., (loith Jacob P. Foils,) cheese factory. GREENMAN, PETER B., blacksmith. Halo, Amos N., (Niles,) farmer 70. Hale, Austin B., stoves and tinware. HALL, ALBERT G., farmer 100. Hamblin, Hawley IL, (Locke,) farmer 66. UAMBLIN, HENRY, (Sempronuis,) farmer 53. Hamilton, Chas., cooper and manufacturer of gloves and mittens. Hampton, Cyrus A., gate keeper Moravia and Milan road and farmer IX- Harget, Sylvester, farmer 20. Harned, Geo., (Venice,) farmer 66. Harris, Wm., farmer 103. Hart, Geo., saddle and harness maker. Hartnutt, Denison, farmer 50. HAWK, HORACE D., brick and stone ma- son and agent for Card & Pattiu's mar- ble rooflug. Hayden, James, (Niles,) farmer 55. Ileald, Daniel, undertaker and farmer 4, Ilelmer, Joseph, (Niles,) farmer 150. Helraer. Wm. J., (Sempronius,) farmer 15. HENRY, JAS., (Locke,) farmer 106. Henry, Martha Mrs., farmer 52. Hike, Aaron, cooper and farmer 10. Hike, John II., mason. Hike, Samuel, sawyer. Hike, Samuel D., sawyer. HINMAN & BINGHAM, (Uhas. A. Ilin- ?>ian and Mark W. Bingham,) grocers. Hinman, Chas. A., {Ilinman <£ Bingham.) Hinman, Curtis B., carpenter and builder and farmer 33. Hinman, Henry, (Niles,) farmer leases from Wm. Selover 100. Hinman, Hiram, house painter. Hinman, Martin D., farmer 50. Hoagland, Alfred, iron and wood work- man. Iloagland, Margaret Miss, milliner. HOCDEN, JAMES H., blacksmith. HOPKIiNS, EBENEZER, farmer 152. HORTON, HENRY P., farmer 148'^. HOUSE, ABRAHAM, farmer 100. HOUSER, TILLMAN, (Locke,) farmer 103, Huff, Gershon Reed, patent right agent. Hunt, Hiram, iarmer 75. HUNT, J., farmer 200. HUNTINGTON, EDWARD, surgeon den- tist. Hutchinson, Geo. D. INPSON, WM., farmer 100. Jacobs, Philander, (Summerhill,) farmer 2. Jennings, Cordial S., {Jewell, Jennings & Co.) Jennings, Henry, {Jewell, Jennings & Co.) Jerome, Wm. Rev., M. E. clergyman. JEWETT, CHAS. C, physician. Jewett, Guernsey, {Jewell, Jennings & Co.) Jewctt, Henry M., {Jewell, Jennings & Co.) JEWETT, JENNINGS & CO., {Gueniseij Jewell, Hemij Jennings, Cordial S. Jen- nings and Henry M. Jewell,) general merchants. JONES, ALBERT, (Sempronius,) farmer 104. Jones, Geo,, carpenter. Jones, George Henry,carpenter and builder. KEELER, JARED, farmer 114. KEELER, MORRIS, dairyman and farmer 325. KEELER, THOMPSON, farmer 110. Keeler, Wm., farmer 80. KEELER, WM. E., farmer leases 110. Kelley, Daniel, farmer 50. Kelley, Simeon, farmer 42. KELLOGG, DAVID W., (Venice,) farmer 57. Knock, Alonzo, shoemaker. KNOCK, GEO., shoemaker. Knock, Stephen, shoemaker. Laedlein, Frederick A., house and sign painter. Lawrance, Wm., (Sempronius,) farmer 73. LEE, JOSEPH, farmer 178?j'. Leonard, Jas. N., blacksmith. Lester, David, (Sempronius,) farmer 37!^. LEWIS, TRUMAN. Lick, Marcenia, farmer 40. LILLIE,JABEZM., (Venice,) farmer 140. LILLIE, ORLAND, blacksmith. Lillie, Stephen, shoemaker. ♦LIVINGSTON, A. H., publisher Cayuga Co. Courier. ♦LIVINGSTON, PETER D., produce dealer American Express agent and deputy collector internal revenue. Lumbard, Byron J., shoemaker. Mahon, Thos., (Niles,) farmer 53. Main, Asa D,, (Venice,) tarmer 3. Main, Cary C, (Locke,) farmer 140. Main, Purdy, (Locke,) farmer 90. MARSHALL, ARTHUR W., carpenter and builder, constable and village trustee. MASTEN, ADAM R., (Locke,) former 72. Mastin, Geo. J., (Sempronius,) farmer 87. Mather, Albert, (Sempronius,) carpenter and farmer 10. Mather, Aseth, farmer 85. Mattoon, Alonzo, (Locke,) {with Russell,) farmer leases of Samuel Mattoon, 114. Mattoon, Russell, (Locke,) {with Alonzo.) farmer leases of Samuel Mattoon 114. 198 CA YUGA CO VNTY B USINESS DIRECTOR Y. GEO. B. GILLESPIE, ATTORNEY & COUNSELOR AT LAW In All the Courts of Record in this State, AND Attorney, Solicitor, Proctor, Counselor & Advocate IN THE UNITED STATES COURTS. Port Byron, - - Cayuga Co., N". Y. Having corre?ponc!ents in every State of the Union, and in the different parts of the new Dominion of Canada. Also, having superior facilities for conductins; suits of all kinds in other States and Canada, and especially the PROMPT COLLECTION OP DEBTS in all parts of this Continent, and on the most satisfactory terms. HON. JNO. H. MARTINDALE, Late Attorney-General, Albany, N. Y. E. DARWIN SMITH, Justice Supreme Court, Rochester, N. Y. C. B. SEDGWICK, Counselor, Syracuse, N. Y. W. H. SHANKLAND, Late Judge Court of Appeals, Cortland, N. Y. Claims of Soldiers and their Heirs. I have a correspondent in Washington, D. C, who is under pay, and who devotee his whole time to the prosecution of all Kinds of claims against the United States; espe- cially the claims of Soldiers and their heirs. This gentleman is strongly recommended to me by HON. R. E. FENTON, Governor of the State of New York. GEO. B. GILLESPIE, AGT. PORT BYRON, N. Y. POLICIES ISSUED AT MY OFFICE, IN THE FOLLOWING CASH CAPITAL, JOINT STOCK COMPANIES : The Home Fire Ins. Co., 135 Broadway, N. Y. Assets nearly $4,000,000. The Continental reputation of this Company needs no comment. The North American Fire Ins. Co., 1 14 Broadway, N. Y. Assets, nenrly $800,000. A Company established in 1823; doing a successful and honorable business for 45 years ; passing triumphantly through the Great Fire of New York, and later of Portland, needs no better recommendation. The Putnam Fire Insurance Co., of Hartford, Conn. Assets about $625,000. Generally recognized as in the front rank of Fire Ins. Co's. The Equitable Life Assurance Soc'y of the U. S., 92 Broadway, N. Y. Cash basis and premiums. The lohole profits equitably divided among policy-holders annually. The New York State Life Insurance Co., Syracuse, N. Y. Cash basis and premiums. No profits divided, but insuring at the lowest known rates. THE NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE CO., OF NEW YORK, Hon. John Hoffman and others, Directors. Insures against sickness, with com- pensation while assured is ill from any cause. MOB A VIA. 199 Mattoon, Samuel, farmer 117. McClintock, Joseph, carriage maker and farmer 70. McC'liutock, Joseph W., carriage maker and farmer 90. McGecr, Geo. H., blacksmith. McGeer, John A., blacksmith. MC(iEER, ROBERT T., blacksmith. McLean, Daniel, (Semproniua,) farmer 106. Mead, Elias A., homeo. physician. Mellen, J. & Son. (Jeremiah and Knowl- ton,) prop'rs Montville Woolen Mills. Mellon, Jeremiah, (J. Mellen & Son.) Mellen, Knowlton, (./. Mellen & Son.) Miller, Ezra, (Sempronius,) farmer 30. Milliman, Henry I., (Niles,) farmer l^i'. MORAVIA HOTEL, Milton Rooks, propr. MINTAIN, SMITH P., school teacher. Moravia Institute, Rev. Alexander H. Rog- ers, principal ; Miss Fannie M. English, preceptress. MOREY & BUTLER, (Gideon Morey and Daniel Butler,) tannery. Morey, David, saloon keeper. MOREY, GIDEON, (Morey & Butler.) Morey, Gideon P., tannery. Morse. Abishai, (with Gershom P.,) farmer 190. Morse, Gershom P., (with Abishai,) farmer 190. MORSE, PHILIP S., (Sempronius,) farmer 100. Mosher, Stephen, (Summerhill,) farmer leases 75. Mott, Austin L., farmer 31. Nostrand, Jacob T., carpenter and builder and farmer 2X- Palmer, Monroe, farmer leases from Mary A. Palmer 164. Parish, Lucius H., music teacher and leader of Moravia Brass Band. PARKER, ELIAB, farmer. PARKER, HENRY P., carriage maker and blacksmith. Parker, John H., carriage maker. Parker, John L,, member of assembly, 2d district, lawyer and farmer 7. PAROVRO, JOHN, farmer. Paul, Henry, billiard saloon. Pearsall, Levi, (Sempronius,) farmer 50. Pearsall, Waite, (Summerhill,) farmer 100. Pendleton, Harriet, farmer 26. Perkins. Walter, (Venice,) farmer 66. PERRIGO, EDWIN L., spoke turner and moulder. PERRIGO, NELSON, foreman of Titus & Selover's spoke and hub factory. Perry, Andrew, shoemaker. Perry, Irving, shoemaker. Pierce, T., farmer 60. Powell, Henry, (Summerhill,) farmer 100. Powell, Henry W., farmer 114X. Powers Cyrus, alio, physician and surgeon. PURLIGAR, IRA, laborer. RAYMOND, SQUIRE, lumber dealer, pro- prietor Moravia saw mill and farmer 120. Rayner, Oshea F., sawyer. Reynolds, Harvev, (Locke,) farmer 95. REYNOLDS, WM. N., (Locke,) farmer 350. Richardson, Orson, (Sempronius,) farmer 90. Richmond, Wm. R., farmer 49^. Riley, Cornelius, farmer leases 50. Robinson, Albert, (Summerhill,) farmer 75. Robinson, David D., moulder. Robinson, John M., (Venice,) farmer 85. Robinson, Nathan, farmer ,50. Robisou, Jas. Riley, teamster and machi- nist. ROGERS, ALEX. H. REV., principal Mo- ravia Institute. ROGERS, MATILDA MRS., farmer 2. Roice, Benjamin, machinist and farmers. ROOKS, MILTON, prop. Moravia Hotel and auctioneer. ROSECRANCE, LAFAYETTE, thresher and farmer 128. Ropekrance, Porter, farmer ,50. Rosekrans, Conrad, farmer 75. Rosekrans, Geo. V. Rosekrans, Joshua, agent for Ohio mower and reaper. ROUNDS, CHAS. A., (Locke,) farmer leas- es 123. ROUNDS, REUBEN, (Locke,) cooper and farmer 123. Ryan, John, (Locke,) farmer 53. Sabin, Edgar A., mason. Sabin, Lyman G., mason. Sabin, Walter W., shoemaker. SACKETT, LUKE, farmer 200. SAGER, GEO., shoemaker and farmer 100. Sager, Newton W., farmer. Sawyer, John M., carpenter and builder. Sawyer, Smith, carriage maker and joiner. Scovill, Samuel A., farmer 120. Scudder, Isaac, (Venice,) farmer 83. Seares, Rowland, (Summerhill,) farmer 150. Secaur, John, farmer 50. Selover, James M., (Niles,) farmer 150. Selover, Mary Miss, (Niles,) farmer 60. SELOVER, MORRIS C, (Titus & Selavers.) SELOVER, WM., (Titus & Selovers.) Shaver, Abraham, farmer 77X. SHAVER, GEO. I., cider mill, carpenter and builder and farmer 3. SHERMAN, ALFRED, (Venice,) farmer 42. Sherman, Elmer, (Venice,) farmer 55. Shinier, Alex., farmer 55. Shove, Edw'd W., tanner and farmer 12. Silcox, John, (Venice,) farmer 30. Slater, H. Murray, blacksmith. Slocum, James S., butcher. SMALL, FRED., (Wolsey & Small.) SMITH, CHAS. F., auctioneer. SMITH, JOHN B., school teacher, justice of peace, road commissioner, black- smith and farmer leases 45. Smith, McLean, farmer 68. SMYTH, JACOB B., school teacher and farmer 128. SMYTH, NORMAN, farmer 132. SNIDER, AUSTIN, farmer 193. SPAPFORD, ALANSON, (Locke,) farmer. SPAFPORD, ASA, (Locke,) farmer 160. SPAPFORD, CALVIN, (Locke,) farmer 40. Sparrow, Lorenzo, carriage maker. Standish, Orrin, cabinet maker and farmer 25. Standish, Smyth P., farmer 18 and leases 25. Stanton, Chas., farmer 655^. Stodar, Addie Miss, farmer 3. Stoil, Wm., farmer 68. STONE, JOHN R., (Sempronius,) farmer 233. Stoyell, Lawrence, farmer 45. '200 MOJiA YIA—KELL OGOS VILLE. •Sturdevant, Ebenezer, (Niles,) farmer 30. Taber, Doris D. Miss, farmer \*i. Taber, Harriet Mrs. Teed, Daniel, farmer 3. Teed, Geo. D., blacksmith and farmer 3jtf. Teed, Wm., carpenter and farmer 10. Teeter, Day, mason and farmer 20. Teeter, James, dairyman and farmer leases 1.30. ♦THOMAS & ALLEY, {Geo. Thomas and Morris K. Alley,) proprietors Alley Mills, (flouring.) Tbomas, Geo., {Thomas & Alley.) TICE, SIMEON L., carriage maker. Tillie, Joseph, farmer 46. TITTS, LEANDER, cashier First National Bank of Moravia. *TITUS & SELO\'ERS, {William Titus, agent, Wm. Selover arid Morris C. Selo- ver.) manufacturers of spokes, hubs and bent stuff, also proprietors of the stone flouring and custom mills. TITUS, WM., agent, {Titus <&. Selovers.) Tone, Lansing, farmer leases from John Chase 75. Tourtellotte, Wright, shoemaker. TOWNSEND, DANIEL, (Sempronius,) farmer 160. Townsend, Lauren, farmer SS^i'. Townsend, Vernom, farmer, carpenter and agent for the Buckeye mower. Turner, Hannah Mrs., farmer 15. TUTHILL, HECTOR C, farmer 159. TUTHILL, HECTOR H., {Everson <& Tut- hill,) supervisor of town of Moravia, and president Ist National Bank of Moravia. TUTHILL, TYRUS T.. photograph artist. TUTTLE, H. C, dairy and farmer 150. VaDuyne, Cornelius, farmer 50^. Vanarsdalo, Abram. (Niles,) farmer 22. VANAR8DALL, JOHN S., farmer 126. VANARSDALL, THOMAS, farmer 146. Vandemari:. Geo., (Locke,) farmer 100. Vaness, Geo., (Niles,) farmer 112. VAN ETTEN. LEVI, carpenter and builder. ♦VAN ETTEN, ORSAMUS R., deputy sheritf and undertaker. VAN ETTEN, WILFRED H., larmer 150. Van Norton, L. Ann Miss, school teacher. Vantile, Peter, (Niles,) farmer 150. Vosburgh, Jerome M., retired farmer. WADE, DAVID JR., (Niles,) assistant as- sessor internal revenue and farmer 65. WADE, ROWLAND D., {Brown tfc Wade.) WADE, WILLIAM, insurance agent, M. U. express agent and justice of peace. Walden, William, furniture dealer and un- dertaker. WALHR, JEFFERSON, farmer 86. Walker, Maria Mrs., farmer 202. Walker, Wm. G., farmer 21. Ward, Patrick, (Niles,) farmer 50. Warner, Lawrence, (Locke,) farmer 88. Warren, Sherwood M., butcher. WELTON, LYMAN B., {Benjamin & Wei- ton,) tanner. West, Thos., farmer 160. White, James, cooper and farmer 18. WHITE, JOHN J., farmer 120. White, Jonathan, farmer 16X. White, Levi, saw and planing mill and farmer 3. Whiting, AmoB, (Venice,) cooper and far- mer 25. Whitney, Wm. H., shoemaker. Wilber, Ezekiel, farmer 58. Williams, George, farmer 90. Williams, Morgan L., produce dealer. WILSON, COB, farmer 100. Winter, Daniel S., (Niles,) farmer 1. Wolsey, James S., blacksmith. WOLSEY & SMALL, {Wallace O. Wolsey and Fred. Small.) carriage makers. WOLSEY, WALLACE G.,( Wolsey & Small.) Wood, Allen, (Sempronius,) saw mill and farmer 12. WOOD, JOHN P., dairyman and farmer 130. WOOD, MORGAN T., farmer 176. WOOD. SARAH G., weaver. Wood, Watson F., farmer 40. Wright, Gideon, farmer 95. Wright, Peter R., {Chase & Wright.) The post office addresses of the residents of this town are KeUoggsville, New Hope and Niles, in the town; and 3foravia and Owasco in adjoining towns. KELLOGGSVILLE. AMERMAN, WM. H., (Sempronius,) saw mill and farmer 17. Asbell, Walter, farmer 16. AUSTIN, JOAB, farmer 1.30. Bell, James, farmer 70. Beyea, Benjamin, (Sempronius,) farmer 50. | Booth, Nathan, farmer 1. Bradley, Thos., (Sempronius,) farmer leases 65. BUCKHOUT, EDWARD, farmer 110. BURGESS, A. MRS., (Sempronius,) farmer 200. Burgess, Byron, (Sempronius,) farmer 7. KELL OGOSVILLE. 201 Church, Allen, (Moravia,) farmer 100. ♦CHURCH, A. W., hardware. CHURCH, STEPHEN W., tinsmith. CLARK, ORSON, (Sempronius,) farmer COOPER, W. F., physician, postmaster and farmer 1.30. Crandall, Cyntha Mrs., (Sempronius,) far- mer 50. Dennis, Lewis, (Sempronius,) farmer 50. De Witt, Henry, farmer 32?i. DEWITT, JOHN, farmer 165. DEWITT, STEPHEN, farmer 150. DURBY, JOHN C, farmer 145. DURBY, REUBEN, (Moravia,) fanner 140. Fitchpatrick, Patrick, farmer 28. FORBES, .JAMES, farmer 230. Forbes, Jas. .Jr., farmer l^yi. FOSTER, CHRISTOPHER, (Sempronius,) farmer 200. Francis, John , (Moravia,) farmer 17. Fry, Hiram, farmer 1. FULLER, LEVI, (Sempronius,) farmer 110. Gere, Chas. D., carpenter and farmer 4. Gilligan, Patrick, farmer 2,^. Glover, Wm. W., shoemaker. GOODRIDGE, MILTON W., hotel prop. Guruee, Robert, farmer 50. Harmon, Edward L., grist mill and farmer 80. Harter, Geo. W., carpenter and farmer 35. Heald, Benj. C, mason. HELMER, PETER, farmer 110. Hooper, Wm. C, farmer. Horton, J. Harvey, M. D., eclectic physi- cian. Howland, Abram, (Moravia,) undertaker and farmer 3. HOWLAND, CHAS. R., (Sempronius,) farmer 100. Howland, Hozilan, farmer 99)tf . HUESTIS, BENJAMIN, (Sempronius,) far- mer 123. Huff, Jonai, shoemaker. Janes, Anson P., town assessor, justice of peace and farmer 80. Jayne, Calvin, farmer. KENYON, JANE MRS., (Sempronius,) farmer 25. Kenyon, Jonathan, (Sempronius,) farmer 50. KENYON, MANVILLE E., (Sempronius,) general merchant. Kilburn, Lucius, farmer 56. KYNON. POSTER, farmer 105. Lee, DeWitt, general merchant and farmer 91. Lewis, Archibald, farmer 5. LEWIS, CHAS., (Sempronius,) farmer 135. LEWIS, L., farmer 160. Loyster, Calvin, farmer SO. Loyster, Harvey, retired farmer. Loyster, James, (with John,) farmer 78. Loyster, John, (with James,) farmer 78. Loyster, Lewis B., farmer 91. Mack, John, farmer 35. Mahan, Timothy, farmer 73X. MASON, GARDNER, (Sempronius ,)farmer 100. Mason, James Mrs., (Sempronius,) farmer 44. McSweeney, Owen, (Moravii,) farmer 50. Morgan, Chancey, farmer leases from C. E. Pulver 80. Moseman, Wm., (Sempronius,) farmer .?0: Mott, Sarah C, Mrs., (Sempronius,) farmer 150. Murphy, John, farmer 31. Newland, Lemuel A., farmer. Odell, John C, farmer leases 150. ODELL, JONATHAN, farmer 109. ODELL, SAMUEL, farmer 160. O'Neal, Mary, farmer 35. Partello, Joseph B., blacksmith and farmer 75. PHELPS, SILAS, farmer 106. PRINE, HENRY, farmer 39X. PRINE, JOHN, farmer 115. Reynolds, Geo.. (Sempronius,) blacksmith. Reynolds. L., blacksmith. RICHARDSON,BARTONS., (Sempronius,) farmer 175. RICHARDSON, JOHN, (Sempronius,) sur- veyor and farmer 112. Roach, David, farmer 25. Roach, John, (Moravia,) farmer. Rooks, Chas., farmer leases from Daniel R. Rooks, 200. Rooks, Jeannette, farmer 94. ROOKS, JOHN, farmer 140. Royce, David, (Moravia,) farmer 2. Sales, Lorenzo D., harness maker and far- mer 11 >i^. Sawyer, Charles, (with George and Daniel,) farmer 85. Sawyer, Daniel, (with George and Charles,) farmer 85. Sawyer, George, (ivith Daniel and Charles,) (Sempronius,) farmer 85. Sayles, Henry D., (Sempronius,) farmer 70. Shurley, Bradford, (Moravia,) saw and flax mill and farmer 9. SINGLETON, THOS., (Sempronius,) far- mer 125. Slade. Barton, (Sempronius,) farmer 52X- SLADE, LLOYD, (Sempronius,) farmer 100. Slade, Mason B., produce merchant and farmer 45. Slade, Wm., general merchant and farmer 96. Smith, Abraham, farmer 75. Smith, Benjamin, farmer 75. Smith, Hiram C, hotel proprietor and far- mer 5. Smith, John, farmer 75. Siitphen, , (Moravia,) farmer CO. Taylor, Abraham, farmer 33>i. Tinker, Jay, (Moravia.) farmer 90. ^ TITUS, T., (Sempronius.) farmer ITiy^. Tuttle, Chas., farmer 50. Tuttle, F., farmer. Tuttle, Theodore, (Moravia,) farmer 74. VanAuken, Daniel J., lawver and farmer 40. WALKER, J. FITCH, (Moravia,) farmer 200. Webb, David, (Moravia,) (tvith Seth li.,) farmer 174. Webb, Seth R., (Moravia,) (with David,) farmer 174. WESTFALL, BYRON, farmer 100. Westfall, Daniel, (2vith Lewis and John,) farmer 98. 202 CA TUG A CO UNTY B UsmESS DIRECTOR T. WILLIAM J. SUTTON, DEALER IN A J Ul Tl A J MNTS, OILS Ai mmmi And Everything Pertaining to the Trade. f'T-) ills 4M® i.i€ii#as. I^HSTE QUALITIES, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. 107 OEIVESEE ST.,' AUBURN N. Y KELLOQGSVILLE-NEW HOPE. 203 Westfall, John, (ifith Lewis and Daniel,) farmer 98. WESTFALL, LEVI, farmer 150. Weetlall, Lewis, (with Daniel and John,) l«rmer 98. White, Margaret Mrs., (Semprouiiw,) far- mer 6.5. Wilcox, BenjamiH H., farmer 6. Wilcox, Joseph L., broker aud butcher. WILCOX, ROSANNA MRS.,(8eQipronius,) farmer 110. YORK, LUCY A., dress maker and farmer 3. York, Jolin, shoemaker and farmer 10. NEW HOPE. Ackerman, Geo., farmer leases 103. Ackersou, Jonas, farmer 74. Aluer, Andrew, hotel proprietor and farmer 2. Amberman, Albert, farmer 73. Baker, Jonas, farmer 81. Baker, Wilbur, carpenter and farmer 53. Bentley, Chas. S., farmer 26. Bentley, Daniel I., (with Benjamin Wal- lace,) farmer, leases from Chas. Green- field, 3. BROWN, ELIJAH E., supervisor of town, justice of peace and farmer 178. Cady, Adam, farnic^r 40. Cady, John I., (Sempronius,) farmer 30. Carpenter, Ann, farmer 6. CARPENTER, CHAS., distiller and farmer 100. CARPENTER, JAMES, distiller and farmer 100. CARVER, A. MISS, farmer 135. Casey, Bdmoud, (^Semprouius,) farmer 25. CHAMBERLAIN, JOHN, farmer 1-^5. CHASE, WM. L., (Sempronius,) propr. Glen Haven Hotel. Cheney, D wight, farmer, leases from Chas. Carpenter 100. Cheney & Rounds, (Smith Cheney and Eu- gene Rounds,) flouring mill. Cheney, Smith, (Cheney & Bounds.) Clark, Warren S., postmaster aud general merchant. COLLINS, ANDREW D., laborer. Cook, Geo. R., carpenter and farmer 1. COUCH, HILTON, farmer 100. Crandall, Elihu, farmer. CURTAIN, BARTHOLOMEW, (Sempro- nius,) farmer 130. Darrow, Abel, farmer 10. Davis, Juliue, farmers. DENNIS, AMOS, farmer 116. Dennis, Chas., farmer 47. DENNIS, DEWITT, farmer 110. Dennis, John, faimer leases from Wm. Keeler, 170. Dennis, Wm., farmer leases from Wm. Keeler, 27.5. ELSTER, DAVID, (Sempronius,) farmer 113K. GARDNER, JAMES, farmer 138. GBANEY, ,10HN, farmer 100. GLEN HAVEN HOTEL, (Sempronius,) Wm. L. Chase, proprietor. Gravit, Andrew B., farmer 83. Gravit, Geo., farmer 71 M. GREENFIELD, HULBURT, farmer 250. Greenfield, Rachel Miss, farmer 5, GREENFIELD, SCHUYLER, farmer 130. IIAILE. WM. B., farmer 100. Hakes, Wesley, (Sempronius,) farmer leases 130. Hakes, Wm. C, shoemaker. Hazard, Hiram D., millwrignt and farmer 30. Hazard, Wm., farmer 3. Horan, Michael, (Sempronius,) farmer 75. Howes, Elijah Rev., pastor M. E. church. HOYT, JAMES P., farmer 124. HOYT, JOHN O., farmer 100. Jayne, Saley Mrs., weaver aud farmer 28. Jones, Abraham, farmer 64. Jones, W. Keeler, Alfred, saw mill and farmer 5. KELLEY, RICHARD, basket maker and farmer 7. Kelley, Richard, (Sempronius,) farmer 50. Kellogg, Aaron, carriage maker. Knight, John, (Sempronius,) farmer 100. Knight, Leavens, mason. Lacey, James, farmer SO. Landers, Peter, farmer 80. Landers, Wm., farmer 40. Lane, Dennis, (Sempronius,) farmer 50. LANE, THOS., (Sempronius,) farmer EO. Lester, Benjamin F., school teacher and farmer 5. Lewis, Bart H., farmer 40. Lewis, Chas., farmer 100. Lewis, Jacob, saw mill. Magee, Geo., (Whiting & Magee,) farmer 2. Magee, Henry, farmer. Marsh, Rodney, farmer 16. Maxwell, John, farmer 44. Maxwell, Thaddeus W., farmer leases 44. McGlothin, Michael, farmer 100. McLaughlin, Barney, farmer 30. Merrick, Keziah, farmer 10. Morehouse, Lewis, farmer 30. MORRIS, D,, farmer leases 2. Mosman, Ezra, farmer 50. Aiott, Emiline, farmer 22. OLNEY, WM., (Sempronius,) farmer 75. Page, Antliina, farmer 50. Page, Daniel, farmer 48. PRAY, EDWARD, farmer 200. Roice, Wm., farmer. ROUNDS, CHAS. L., (C. L. Rounds & Co.) *ROUNDS, C. L. & CO., (Charles L., and Eugene,) wheelbarrow manufacturers. ROUNDS. EUGENE, (6'. L. Rounds dc Co.) (Cheney & Rounds.) RYAN, CHAS., farmer 108. Scott, Josiah, blacksmith and farmer 14. SERVEN, HENRY, farmer 125. Springer, Wm., farmer 19. Stewart, Henry, blacksmith and farmer 37. STOKER, ROBERT, farmer 1G9. Stringer, George, {with Josep/i,) saw mill and farmer 6. Stringer, Joseph, (ivith George,) saw mill aud farmer 0. Sweet, Paul, farmer 8. Teller, Daniel, farmer and hatter. Thompson, M. Bickford, farmer 1. TINKER. CHAS., farmer 100. VAN AUKEN, EMMET B., (Sempronius,) farmer 100. Vanorton, John, carpenter. 204 NEW HOPE—NILES. Walker, Aiken, (Sempronius,) farmer 72. Wallace, Benjamin, (unth Daniel I. Bentley) farmer leases from Chas. Greenfield 8. WHITE, PIIILANDB:R, farmer 100. Whiting, DeForest, (Whitinq & Magec.) Whiting, John W., farmer 4(3. Whiting & Magee, (DeForest Whiting and Geo. Magee^) carriage makers and un- dertakers. Whitney, Chas., farmer 50. Williams, Israel, mason and farmer 10. Williams, Wai'ren, carpenter and farmdt 38. WILSON, DAVID, farmer 103. Wyaut, Thos., (SemprouiiiSi) farmer SOi NILES, Abbott, Timon, farmer 00. Abbott, Wm., farmer 1%. Amcrman, Henry P., fatmCSr 80. Amerman, Hiram P., farmer 4. Ashpold, Geo., farmer 64. Atkins, Norman Kev., pastor Ffefi Metho- dist Clinrch. BAKER, GEO. W., saW mill and farmer 20%. Barron, David H., farmer 80. Bovear, Mathew N., farmer ?5: Bevear, Mathew N., farmer 80. Bevear, Mathew V., farmer 00. Bevier, Andrew, fafmer 55. Bevier, Simeon S., blacksmith. Birch, Allen, saw mill and ftii'mcr 4. Bugle, Harvey, farmer 2%. Bugle, Jas. cooper and farmer 1. Burch, Henry, {with Seneca,) farmer 200i Burch, Seneca, (n'ith Henty,) farmer 200. Chamberlain, Addison L. , commissioucrof highways and farmer 50. CHAMBERLAIN, DAVID, farmer 140. CHAMBERLAIN, HENRY D., farmer 100. Chamberlain, Mercy, farmer 18. Chamberlain, Robert E., farmer 67 and leases 18. ■ Champany, JohnR., farmer 69Jf. COLE, STEPHEN E., farmer. Coughlin, James, farmer 2,V. Cover, DeWitt, grocery and farmer 4. Covit. Leonard, farmer 57. Covit, Wm., farmer 80. Cuddeback, Clark W., farmer 58- Cuddeback, Peter, fiirmer 92. CurtindoU, Isaac, farmer 66. CURTINDOLL, JACOB, farmer 150, Decker, Enela, {with Levi,) farmer l}4- Decker, Hiram H., farmer 96. Decker, Levi, {with Enela,) farmer 1^. DcGrafi\ Gto. A., farmet IJ^-. Deinpsey, Mary Miss, farmer 4J{, Devendorf, Abraham, farhier ,50i DeWitt, Paul, farmer iettses 170, DeWitt, Stephen E., farmer 75. DRAKBi LOTUS MILTdN, farmer 1,50. Drake, Reuben, farmer 89. Durbin, Job. E., fafnlfer 2. Ellsvforth, John, postmaster and farmer. Farnham-, Henrv, fai'mer 10. FRIAIR, JACOB, farmer 100. Gaftnay, Wm., farmef 1. Gere, Alfred, justice of peace and shoema- ker. tJere, Amos, cairpenter and farmer 2. Gere, Henry L., Bho(!maker and farmer 13. ^^oncolous, Mary Miss, farmer 70. Greenfield, AlonSo, farmer. Hall, Barney, farmerSO. Hall, Hirani, clock repairer. Harter, Wm. H., carpenter and farmer 60. Jrtvne, Chas., farmei* 32. JOHNSON, ROSWELL, farmer 100. Kilpatrick, Wm., farmer 50. Kiuyon, Jas., farmer 60. Kinybn, Jep.tor, farmer 54^^. Loyster, Geo., Cirith Wm..) farmer, leases from Miss Adallnc Abbott 200. Loyetcr, Wm., (it'ifh Geo.,) farmer, leases from Mies Adeline Abbott, 200. Mead. Daniel W., flouring mill and farmer 26. Morris, Simeon, farmer 23. Newi'll, Jonathan, farmer 13. fcninell, Frank, farmer 83. Peinu'll, Jas., farmer 40. Powell, Thos., farmer 2:3. PRINE, JOHN, farmer 117. tlobinson, Samuel 8., farmer 50. • Shaver, John C, farmer 97. Shaver, Wm. N., farmer 50. Shean. Patrick, farmer 55. Sinclair, Jas., farmer 53. Springer, Elisha, mason and farmer S}^. Sweet. Alonzo H., house painter and far- mer 10. Sweet. Samuel, constable, mason and far- mer 13. Tanner, Chancy, carpenter and farmer 6. Tanner, Geo., carpenter and farmer 6. Tanner, Wm. H., carpenter and builder and farmer 9. Vandine, Peter II., saw mill and farmer: W. Vanguilder, Eli A., farmer 1. Vangtiilder, Excy, weaver a'2'd farmer 11. Young, Abraham, farmer. CA YUGA CO VNTY B USINE8S DIRECTOR Y. 205 WM. H. SEWAED, Jr., C. D. MacDOUGALL. WM. H. SEWARD, JR. & CO., iiiM AUBURN, ]V. IT. All our business transacted the same as that of a National Bank. Deposits received and interest allowed. We keep open Saturday evening from 7 until 9 o'clock. We buy and sell Stocks on commission only. Stocks carried on a margin for those who desire it. Ooveruiuent Ageiit!« Tor the Sale and Conversion of all tissues of Convertible Bonds. Government Agents for tUe sale of Internal Revenue Stamps —a liberal discount to dealers, Tlie Companies' Agents for tl»e sale of The Union and Central Pacific Rail Road Bonds, We draw our own drafts direct on Europe, thus securing to parties remitting to friends the addition of home responsibility. Agents for the Tnman Line Mail Steamship Co. " " National Steamship Co. " " Anchor Line Steamships. " " Tapscott's Line Steamships, and Sailing Pack- ets, sailing every Wednesday and Saturday for Queenstown, Liverpool and Glasgow. We send for parties who wish to come to this country, and bring them direct to Auburn. Round Trip Tickets sold to parties wishing to visit Europe and return. Also for first-class Life and Fire Insurance Companies. Ai our 'Sa7iking House, cor. Gejiesee d' JEJxcIianffe Sts. C. D. MAC DOUGALL, Notary.Public. Lj^ 206 CA TUG A CO UNTY B VSINESS DIRECT OB Y. HAYDEN BRO'S One Mile South of PORT BTROJT^ JTEIT TORK. Established 1824, as a custom mill, and as a Retail Woolen Manufactory in 1844, and is the most successful establishment of the kind in the State. IWKi YARD IS WARRAIiIT£D ! To be wrought from PURE WOOL. This mill never worked an ounce of Shoddy, Shearings, or Waste. Every Yard Is Retailed at the Mill. Buy direct from their Factory and save all Commissions. Heavy and Light Cassimeres, Black, Brown, Sheep's Gray, Miller's Gray, Plaid. Check, Double and Twist and Mixes. Also, Cloths for Ladies' Sacques, Cloaks and Dresses. FL^JTJTELS FOR MEJT^S ^TEJIR, Of many beautiful patterns. For Sheeting, and other household purposes, Fine Wliitc, All Wool and Cotton Warp Flannels. STOCKING YARN, Of all Colors, and always in abundance, made from the choicest wool, for Men's. Wo- men's and Children's wear. Our Great Object is to Manufacture for the Farmers, Mechanics, business and laboring men. Cloths unequaled for durability and cheapness. Remember that it costs no more to trim and make a good garment than a poor one. 20 per cent, saved in cost, and 50 in wear. WOOIi, light and clean, is as desirable as cash in exchange for Cloth, which we are able at all times to supply. Cus- tom Carding and Cloth Dressing promptly done. We take pleasure in sending samples to those living at a distance, and fill orders promptly by express;. ONONDAGA COUNTY STORE for the Sale of these Cloths, &c., Vanderbilt Block, No. 29 WARREN STREET, S Doors South of East End of Dejtot,, CAYUGA COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 207 f If li 4 MANUFACTURERS OF CARRIAGE, WA&ON, OMNIBUS, FACTORY, EAST MORAVIA, N. Y. WM. TITUS, Ag't, WM. SELOVER, MORRIS C. SELOVER. TO THE TPL^^IDE. The mulersignecl, in introducing their Spokes and Hubs more generally to the public, beg leave to submit the following statement : At great expense we have made ourselves ready to answer the constantly iucreasiug demand for our work. Our manufactory is located at Moravia, Cayuga County, N. Y., a vicinity early cleared and settled and noted for the choiceness of its timber. That used by us is thoroughly seasoned, second grovvtli Hickory, Oak and Ironwood, and we are careful to select that which has grown in exposure to the sun, rejecting snch as is found in thickly wooded or otherwise shaded localities, whereby we secure material of the closest, stfongeM and smoothest Jibre. Our spoke machinery is new and of the latest invention, fashioning each spoke into perfect symmetry and making each one of a given size the exact counterpart of every other. The worlcs are under our own immediate supervision, as well as that of Mr. Nel- son Pcrrigo, who has for several years past made the business a specialty, and we confi- dently say that our spokes, both as to quality of timber and superiority of finish, are not and cannot be surpascd by any. We intend to give our customers a first rate article at a ftiir price, thus making our dealings mutually profitable, and establishing for ourselves a permanent reputation as ottering the best wares in market at reasonable rates. Spokes can be made of a/ii/ required size. They are securely put up in setts of sixty each, (with two extra ones iu each sett) and are delivered at the depot in Auburn, Cort- land, Iloiner or Ithica. We are also prepared to furnish Carriage, Wagon, Omnibus and Dray Hubs in any desired size or quantity, made from the best stick. We shall very soon enlarge our facilities so as to embrace steaming and bending in all its l)ranches, and it is our purpose, as soon as practicable, to manufacture evei-y article of wood work (except boxes) used in malvin^ Carriatres and Wagons, These spokes were first publicly exhibited at the last New York State Fair, at BufTalo taking the First Premium over all competitors. ' The^ Press of this State has given them many unsolicited favorable notices. The fol- lowing is taken from the Roclwster Democrat oi Oct. 11th, 18ti7. ■• The best exhibition of Carriage and Wagon Spokes was by Titus & Selover, Mora- via, N. Y. For choiceness of timber and elegance of finish nothing could compare with them. So well pleased were carriage makers who examined them, that the ao-ent was constantly engaged in taking orders. No carriage maker will attempt to shave his spokes after using these. They wore formerly manufactured by N. Perrigo, at Moravia. Mr. PeriiiTO is now foreman and agent for the company." Like articles have also appeared in the Auburn Advertiser, Syracuse Journal Buffalo Courier. Cayuga Couulij Courier, rfv., cCr. ' TITUS & SEL.OTER8. We are also wholesale and retail dealers in FliOUR «k FEED, and pay the hi'^h- est market price for all kinds of grain, at the STONE OTIIiLS, ' ^ •' " m KIRBY, WITH RllL SELF-RAKE. -''"'' 'Ji'rr'i!i!!!''ij[j[iif 'Hi;:;; 15,' Manufactured by D. M. Osborne & Co., Auburn, N. Y. CATUOA COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 209 THE KIEBY AS A MOWER. The main parts of the Kirby Mower are, a strong cast iron frame •vvhich cannot shrink or swell, on which the gearing is carried, a finger-bar of wrought iron of such a shape as to secure perfect stiffness and strength, and a knife or cutter-bar of steel. The driver sits with perfect security astride the seat, having the team under easy con- trol, and the cutting apparatus forward immediately under his eye. The frame and in- ner end of the finger-bar are balanced and raised by the weight of the driver alone, a slight lifting by the right foot in the stirrup being all that is necessary to effect this. By a lever at the right hand, the outer end of the bar is easily raised. The independent action (joint) which every mower must have to allow it to pass flexi- bly and easily over elevations and obstructions, is in theframe of the Kirby Mower, or rather in the connection between the frame and the drive-wheel, and this joint in the frame answers the same purpose far more effectually and economically than the joint in the finger-bar of two-wheeled machines. Among the improvements for the year 1868, we would especially call attention to our new grooved finger bar, and the method of attaching the guards to it. The bar is rolled in such a shape as to render it very light and very strong. The guards are very firmly attached by one bolt. There is a long grooved piece attached very firmly fer the head of the cutter bar to slide in, so there is assured a perfect freedom of motion at this im- portant point, where, in nearly all other machines breakages are constantly occurring. We can now, with all confidence, warrant the Kirby Mower not to clog in any kind of grass, wet or dry, and to work as lightly and easily both for team and driver, as any other well-tried first class .Mower in the market. THE KIKBY AS A REAPER. Whatever advantages may be claimed for the two-wheeled, machine when used as a Mower, they all disappear when it is attempted to convert it into a Reaper. The flexi- bility of the machine then becomes a glaring disadvantage, and the number of wheels on the ground make it impossible to worK it with ease or safety. The Kirby Reaper (easily changed from the Mower in a few minutes) has one drive- wheel and a grain wheel, which are the only bearing points on the ground. Between these, the frame, platform, reel and the cutting apparatus are rigidly suspended and car- ried without the least vibration or flexibility. The cutters always work freely, and the machine in passing over depressions or ele- vations, suffers no more strain than a cart or sulky. The driye-wheel and ";rain-wheel being so wide apart (over 7 feet) the Kirby Reaper can be used on steep side-hills where an empty lumber wagon would turn over. The raker's seat is placed near the cutters, and a little in the rear of them, so that the raker, without any extraordinary exertion, can gather the grain into a well-shaped gavel and bring it oft' with an easy sweep of his anna. We make a castor wheel for the grain side of the platform this year. From the well-founded experience of many years, we feel warranted in asserting that there is no Reaper in the world that for ease> of work and durability will compare with the Kirby. The Kirtoy as a Sell^Makiiag Reaper. A Self-Rake that will take the place of the Reel, as well as of a man to rake off by band, has been a want long felt by the ferming community. To reach over and into very tall grain and to gather up the short grain, and the tangled and down grain, and bring it on the platform in good condition for raking oft', is something the ordinary reel can- not accomplish. A rake is therefore needed, with two or three of its arms made adjust- able so as to reach down and forward, that can take up the tangled grain, bear it against the cutters and on the platform, while another arm with rake-head attached may sweep it off. The Reel Self-Rake answers the above requirements ; it is worked by simple, light gearing from the drive-wheel, it is furnished with four wings carried around a ver- tical axis, two or three of which, as the driver pleases, bear the beaters or arms which bring the grain on the platform, and the other one or two carry the rake. head. The rake is made to run continuously or not, at the discretion of the driver. The gavels may be delivered at every 10, 20, 30, or 40 feet, according to the thickness of the grain. The improvements put upon the Reel Self-Rake this season, we are confident, will commend it to all who will give it a trial, and prove it to be, in every point necessary to test its efliciency, a Perfect Self-Rake. M 'There is but one post-office ia this town, viz.,. Owasco. Many of the res- idents receive their mail at Auburn, and a fev? at Skaneatelee, Onondaga vyDounty. ^ OWASOO, ■AiilrlaKTee; Cornelius, farmer 9f. ADRIA-f;'CE,JOHN K., (Nile*,.) former 130. Aldricli,..''^08epti, farmer 2. Alger, Miltou, (Niles,) farmer 60^ Algur, Atldisonv farmer 63. ALIGAR MILTON, farmer 126, AMERMAN, DANIEL, (Niles,) faftoeF 100. AMERMAK, HENRY, farmer 125, Ameriiiau, Jra, (Niles,) farmer 90, AMERMAK, JACOB, farmer 100. Amerman, Jamea, (Niles,) farmer. Amerman, John, ajjent for the revolving rake on -wheels, and farmer 75. Amerman, John C, (Niles,) farmer 85, Amerman, Morris, (Niles,) farmer 38. AMERMAN, PAUL, town assessor and far- mer 53. Amerman, Peter, agent for the Kirby mow- er and reaper, and farmer 91. Amerman, PetferG., (Niles,) farmer 47, Amerman, Richard, (Niles,) farmer 62. ARMSTRONG, BILLLNGS, (Niles,) buteh- er and farmer 1. AUSTIN, JOHN, farmer 255. AUSTIN, MUNSON, farmer 37. Baker, Abel W., farmer 70. BAKER, LUTHER, farmer 1. Bassett, Thomas, farmer 50. Benham, Jaioes V. Rev., M. E. clergyman. Bevier, Abraham, farmer 81>^. BODINE, CORNELIUS, (Niles,) farmer 116. BODINE, GEO., (Niles,) farmer 14~j^. Bodine, Geo. A., ^Niles,) farmer 00. Bodine, Gilbert, (Niles,) farmer 60. Bodine, Henry, (Niles,) farmor 60. Bodine, Martin, (Niles,) farmer leases from James Frier, 6. BODINE, PETER C, (Niles,) farmer 120. BRINIiERUOFE, ABRAHAM, (Niles,) far- mer 120. Brinkerlioff, Charity, (Niles,) farmer 35. BRINKERHOFE, GEO. G., (Niles,) farmer 150. Brinkerhoff, Hiram, (Niles,) saw mill and farmer 23. Brinkerhoff. James, (Niles,) farmer 80. Brinkerhoff, John, (Niles,) farmer 30. Brinkerhoff, Jo;m A., (Niles,) farmer 90. BrJnkboff, Henry, ifarmer 93. BRODilEAD, JAMES, (Niles,) school teacher and farmer. Brodhead, Lute, (Niles,) mason and farmer 73. Brokaw, Aaron, (Niles,) farmer 26. BROKAW, GARRET I., (Niles,) farmer 130. Brokaw, Geo. N., (Niles,) blacksmith and farmer 28. Brokaw, Isaac, (Nile8,> farmer 00. Brokaw, John N., (Niles,) farmer, leases from Mavina Couklj-n, 45. Bnrney, Robert, (Niles,) farmer 24. CHAMBERLAIN, JEREMIAH N., farmer 150. CHASE, HORACE W.. carriage maker. CHURCH, CHAS. F., farmer 105. Gla»k, John, farmer 13. COLE, EZ-RA, carriage maker. CONCKUIN, DWIGIIT,. farmer 140. CONCKLIN, HENRY, agent for the Hub- bard rr»ower and reaprer and farmer 1.50. Conking, Louisa Miss, (Niles,) farmer 40. Conklin, Etigene, (Niles,) farmer leases 160. CONKLIN,. JACOB, (Niles,) farmer 160. CONKLIN, THOS. R., (Niles,) farmer CONOVA, WM. H., farawrSO. CORTRIGHT, EDWARD C, farmer 250. Cifrtis, Wm,, farmer 50. eUYKENDALL, ELIA-S, farmer 144. Cuykendall, Geo., farmer 16. Ouykendall, John, hardware and tin mer- chant. CUYKENDALL, JOHN B., farmer 100. CUYKENDALL, LEVI, (Niles.) farmer 100. Cuykcndall, Martin S., {B. II. Leonard & Co.) CUYKENDALL, WIUHELMUS, (Niles,) farmer 110. Davis, John, (Niles,) farmer 56. Davis, Wm., (Niles,) farmer 15. Dehart, Abraham, (Niles,) farmer 40. Dchart, Wm., (Niles,) farmer 55. Delany, Thomas, (Niles,) farmer 50. Depiiy, Peter G., farmer 70. Depuy. Saftarine, farmcT 93. Derbyshire, James, (Niles,) farmer leases 7^. Devinev, Isaac, (Niles,) farmer 34. DEVmEY, WM., (TSfiles,) farmer 100. Devlnnev, William, hotel proprietor. Devoe, Jacob S., stone mason and farmer 30. Devoe, Manael Q., auctioneer and farmer 60. Devoe, Willis G., farmer 50. DeWitt, Geo., (Niles,) farmer 00. DeWitt, John T., (Niles,) farmer &i}4. Doty, William II., farmer 86. DURSTON, EDWARD, (P. O. address Skauoateles. Onondaga Co.,) farmer oO. Duryee, Geo., (Niles,) farmer 86. ELLIS, ANTHONY W., (Niles,) farmer 103. Ellis, Elias, (Niles,) farmer 67. Ellis. Hiram. (Niles,) farmer 82. ELTING. ALEXANDER, farmer 210. Elting, Ezekiel, (Totnpkins <£ Elting.) WAS CO. 211 Fowler, Francia G., boot and shoe manu- facturer. Frair, Horace, (Niles,) farmer 70. GILES & TRACY, ( \Vm. Giles and Chas. K Tracy,) grist mill and farmer 7. GILES, WM., (Giles ,& Tracy.) GLANVILLE, JOHN, (P. O. address Skan- eateles, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 71. Goodsell, Chas. D., {Goodsell & Herrick.) Goodsell &, Herrick, (Gtas. Goodsell and Horace G. Herrick,) agents for slate roofing. Green, John, retired farmer. Gumaer, Henry, (P. O. address Skaneate- les, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 1(54, Hale, John, (Niles,) farmer 45. Harter, \Vm. IL, (Niles,) farmer 90X- HARTMAN, JOHN, (Niles.) farmer (i.5. Hatch, Orin, (P. O. address Skaueateles, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 92. Ilaydeu, Torrance, (Niles,) dairyman and farmer 5 i. Herrick, Horace G., {Goodsell & Herrick.) Ilibbard, David, farmer 3. UIGGINS, DAVID H., {with Nelson More- land,) farmer 200. Hill, John, (Niles,) farmer, works for Sam- uel Titus, 70. Hilleiman. S. M. Miss, (Niles,) farmer 11. HOORNBECK, CORNELIUS, farmer 190. Hoornbcck, Isaac, {S. & I. Hoornbeck.) Iloornbeck, Samuel, (5. A I. Hoornbeck.) Hoornbeck, S. & I., {Samuel & Isaac,) far- mers y3. IIORTON, JOS. L, dentist. HOWARD, PETER, farmer 105. IIUNSIKBR, HENRY, agent for the Far- mers' Joint Stock Insurance Co. and larmer fiO. Hun^iker, Hyot, physician and farmer 94. Husk, Abraham, (Niles,) carpenter and farmer 19. Husk, John H., (Niles,) farmer 15. Johnson, VVm. Rev., Presbyterian clergy- man. Kenney, Thos., (Niles,) farmer 55. Kies, Peter S., (A'j«« cfc *S'a6i«.) Kies & Sabin, {Azro D. Sabin and Peter S. Kies,^ blacksmiths. Leonard, B. H. & Co., (Bowers H. Leonard and Martin S. Cuykendall,) general merchants. Leonard, Bowers H., {B. H. Leonard & Co.) Mattoou, Morgan L., (Niles,) carpenter and farmer 11. McDowell, Peter A., (Niles,) farmer 95. Meaker, Ellis, farmer 13. MORELAND, NELSON, {ivith David H. Higgins,) farmer 200. Morgan, Daniel W., farmer 70. Murphy, John, (Niles,) farmer 28. Murray, John, (Niles,) farmer 6;l. Norwood, Andred G., banker at New York city, farmer 88. NO YES, WILLIAM L., agent for the Buck- eye mower and reaper and farmer 100. PARKER, PERRY, (Niles,) farmer 150. PARSELL, MlLTON J., farmer 112^. Parsell, Roclif, farmer 75. PEACOCK, EDWIN W., (Niles,) farmer 170. PEACOCK, JOHN V., (Niles,) farmer 125. Peck, Alonzo P. Rev., pastor of Reformed Dutch church. Perkins, Geo., (Niles,) farmer 38. Perkins, Hamilton, saw mill, brick and tile maker and farmer 22. Pim, William, farmer 57>^. Price, Grant, farmer 60. Price, John, carpenter and farmer 1. Reed, William K., retired farmer. Revier, Mathew, physician. Riley, Thomas, (Niles,) farmer O^. Roach, Patrick, farmer 19. ROBINSON, HIRAM, (Niles,) farmer 105. Robinson, Joseph, (Niles,) farmer 70. ROSA, JACOB H., farmer IGO. Sabin, Azro D., {Kies & Sabin.) Sarr, John, farmer leases 2. SCHELL, AARON, (Niles,) farmer 131. Sealy, George, farmer 83. SECCOMB, JOHN L., carpenter and far- mer 1. SELOVER, ABRAHAM P., farmer 45. Selover, Benjamin. ^Niles,) farmer 99. Selover, Edgar, (Niles,) farmer 4. SELOVER, ISAAC P., (Niles,) farmer 100. Selover, Jacob, (Niles,) farmer 100 and {with Peter P.,) leases 208. Selover, Jacob Jr., (Niles,) farmer leases 100. SELOVER, MCDONOUGH, farmer 125. SELOVER, PETER A., (Niles,) farmer 208. Selover, Peter M., (Niles,) farmer 75. Selover, Peter P., (Niles,) (ivith. Jacob,) far- mer leases 208. SELOVER, PETER R., (Niles,) farmer 105. Shaver, Levi V., (Niles,) carpenter. SHAVER, MORGAN, (Niles,) farmer 100. Shepard, Norman N., agent for hand sew- ing machine and farmer 16. Shepard, Wm. N., (Niles,) farmer leases 11. Shuttleworth, James, tailor. Sleight, Benjamin, (Niles,) farmer 92>^. SMITH, FALTEN, farmer 109. Strong, Walter D. O. R., physician. STRYKER, ABRAHAM, (Niles,) farmer 140. Sutvon, David, (Niles,) farmer 30. Talladay, Sarah M. Mrs., farmer 3. Terneur, Henry, farmer 1. Thompson, Joseph P., farmer 26. Tippett, William, farmer 35. Tompkins, David, (Tompkins <& Elting,) postmaster. Tompkins & Elting, (David Tompkins and Ezekiel Elting,) general merchants. Tool, Patrick, (Niles,) farmer 16. TRACY, CHAS E., (Giles and Tracy.) Valentine, David S., (Niles,) farmer 63. VANDERBILT, ANDREW, (Niles,) farmer 240. VanDuyne. Geortre H., farmer 82. VANDUYNE, PETER, (Niles,) tarmer 110. Vanduvne, Watson L., (Niles,) farmer 90. VANDUYNE, WM„ (Niles,) farmer 110. Vandyne, Abraham, (Niles,) {with, William,) farmer 185. Vandyne, William,(Nile8,) {with Abraham,) farmer 185. Van Etten, Abraham, (Niles,) farmer 260, and leases from Antoinette Van Etten, 323^ VAN ETTEN, LEVI W., (Niles,) farmer 170. Van Gorder, Maria, (Niles,) farmer 22. VANORSDALE, JAMES, (Niles,) farmer 200. 212 CA TUG A CO VNTY B USINESS DIRECTOR Y. 18 Corning Hall Block, Auburn, $tov P4 o HOUSE FURNISHING GOODS! TI3V ■WJ^.RES, WOODEN WARE OF ALL KINDS, &C. Received the FIRST PREMIUM on the best Base Bummg Parlor Stove, "VENTILATOR," And Double Cog Bench Wringer, At the Cayuga County Fair, at Auburn, September 17, 18 and 19, 1867. Call and Examine Before You Buy. ALSO,THE BEST AND CHEAPEST COOK STOVE, WAS CO. 213 VANORSDALE, LEONARD, (Niles,) far- mer 131. Vanedale, Peter, (Niles,) farmer 50. Vantine, Thos., (Nilea,) farmer 1. Wales, Helen Mrs., farmer 8. Watts, Joseph, (Niles,) farmer leases 140. Weeks, John, (P. O. address Skaneateles, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 7^. Whipple, Jonah, (Niles,) farmer 34. Wilson, William, farmer 50. WOOLLEY, GEORGE, farmer 100. WYNKOOP, ANTHONY, farmer 135. WYNKOOP, CORNELIUS P., farmer 120. YOUNG, EDWIN, carpenter and farmer Young, Joel N., farmer 10. The post office addresses of the residents of this town are Scipio, Scipio- viUe, Slierwood's and T/ie Square, in the town ; and Fleming, Owasco Lake> Owasco Valley and Venice, in adjoining towns. SCIPIO. Adams, Vincent C, carpenter and farmer l>i. Akin, Isaac, farmer 203. AKIN, JOHN W., farmer 214 AKIN, WILLIAM, farmer 179. AMES, CHESTER C, farmer 120. Ames, Clark, farmer 108. Ames, Henry C, farmer 75. Amea, Philo, farmer 76>^. BABCOCK. PELEG, farmer 50. Bachman, Simon, blacksmith. Barnes, Elisha, farmer 140. Barnes, Geo. G., farmer 200. Barnes, William, farmer 1,50. Cannon, John, farmer leases 135. easier, Jacob, farmer 1. Chapman, Andrew J., justice of the peace and farmer 117. CLARK, GEORGE, farmer 03. Close, Erastus, farmer 93. Close, Fay S., farmer 96. Close, Harvey, farmer 130. CLOSE, HURON, farmer 110. Cocttou, William, farmer 12. Conklin, John, farmer 47. Cotter, Wm., farmer 12. Couran, John, farmer 28. COVEY, MARY A. Miss., farmer 85. Coy, Geo., carpenter. Crawford, Robert, farmer 5. CULVER, ANSEL, farmer 140. Cushman, Thos., carpenter. Daly, Owen, farmer 6. DANIELLS, HIRAM, farmer 72. EGGLESTON, EDWIN J., farmer 75. Elliott, Silas, town collector. Elliott, Wm., farmer 90. FORDYCE, JOHN, farmer 100. Fordyce, Wheaton C, farmer 66. Porydice, Benj., alio, physician and sur- geon. Freeman, Alvin, farmer 206. Gallup, Wayne, farmer 91. Griffin, John, farmer 57. Griswold, Asa, farmer 100. Hanlon, Patrick, farmer 17. Hathaway, Ann M., farmer 50. HEFFERNAN, ANDREW, (Venice,) far- mer 105. Helm, Geo., farmer 83. Hoksie, Benton K., alio, physician. Hoskins, Alson G., farmer 96. HOWELL, ISAAC, farmer 150. HUDSON, RICHARD N., farmer 110. HUNTER, DERYE D., farmer 110. Hylett, Richard, blacksmith and farmer 1^. Jump, Isaac, farmer 50. JUMP, THEODORE, farmer 105^. Leeson, Jos., farmer 55. McCormick, Jas., farmer 10. Morgan, Wm. A., farmer 73. Moss, Isaac, shoemaker. Mullally, John, farmer 5. Munger, Wm., farmer leases 150. Murphy, John, farmer 35. Nichols, Fred, (tcith Lewis,) hotel propr. Nichols, Gersham, farmer leases 180. Nichols, Lewis, (with Fred,) hotel propr. Phillips, Edward, larmer 1. Pickens, Ruth, farmer 2}^. Pickens, Geo., blacksmith and farmer 44. POPE, JAMES, farmer 103. Poppino, Franklin, farmer 40. POST, JACOB, farmer 127. Reynolds, Abijah, farmer 96. Robinson, Arza, (with Vhas. A. Shimer,) farmer 124. Roche, Patrick, farmer 50. Sears, Gilbert N. Rev., Baptist clergyman. Seeley, Alvin, farmer 35. Shimer, Chas. A., (with Arza Robinton,) farmer 124. Shorkley,'' Allen, farmer 6. SLOCUM, HENRY C, farmer 140. 214 SCIPIO—SCIPIOVILLE. SMITH. ELI, farmer 139. Smith, Elisha, farmer b6. Smith, E. Nathan, farmer 81. Smith. Loren. farmer 96. SMITH, LUTHER B., farmer 86. Smith, Tamerson, fiirmer leases 5. Smith, Valson, farmer 50. SNYDER, JOHN, postmaster, general mer- chant and farmei 135. Sperry, Philo, farmer 50. Strade, John, farmer 75. Strong. Joanna, farmer 53. STRONG, PHILIP, farmer 102. Swart, Robert, farmer leases 78. TABER, AMAZIAH, farmer 21rJ. TABER, WM., farmer 130. Tallman, Gideon, shoemaker. Tibits, Geo. W., farmer 2. VanLiew, Daniel P., carpenter. VANLIEW, FAYETTE, farmer 18G. VanLicw, Volney, farmer 96. Walker, Edwin W., harness maker. Waltels, Calvin, retired farmer. Ward, Artemus, farmer 85. WARD, HOPE, farmer 130. WARD, IRVING, farmer 162. Warring, Geo. S., farmer 63. Whalen, Michael, farmer 25. WHEAT, WM., farmer 100. WICKHAM, JOS. P., farmer 68. WILSON, LOREN N., farmer 150. WYANT, WILLIAM, farmer 90. SCIPIOVILLE. ALEXANDER, JASON, (Ledyard,) farmer 100. Allen, Lemuel, tannery. Anthony, Elizabeth Mrs., (Ledyard,) far- mer 100. ANTHONY, HICKS, (Ledyard,) farmer 165. Bancroft, William, wool dealer. Bancroft, William F., farmer 102. Barnett, Jehu, farmer leases 65. Barry, Garry, (Ledyard,) farmer 20. Battey, Benj., (Ledyard,) farmer 2. BATTEY, GEO. W., (Ledyard,) apiarian and farmer 58. BATTEY, ISAAC N., (Ledyard,) farmer 54. Bowman, Francis, (Ledj'ard.) farmer .31. Bradford, John B., (Ledyard, > farmer 80. Brennan, Patrick. (Ledyard.) farmer 30. BROWN, CHRISTOPHER, (Ledyard,) far- mer 100. Buckhout, Philip H., farmer 70. Burns, Richard, farmer 15. CAIN, IRA, farmer leases 70. easier, Hohn, farmer 103. Connall, Edward, farmer 35. Cooper, Edwin, (Haughton & Cooper.) Curtis, Foster, (Ledyard,) blacksmith and farmer 13. DARLING, BERNARD P., farmer 182. Dayking, Thomas, shoe maker. DORLAND, EDWARD M., (Ledyard,) far- mer 5. Dunivan, Danice, farmer 40. DURKEE, NORMAN, (Ledyard,) farmer 112. Dwyers, Henry, (Ledyard,) farmer 6. EDDY, FRANKLIN, farmer 200. Elliott, Charles, farmer 93. Feek, Cornelius M., proprietor Scipioville hotel. Fisher, John, farmer 64. Fritts, Ira, (Ledyard.) farmer 42. GIFFORD, ABNER S., (Ledyard,) farmer 340. Gifford, Gardner C, farmer leases 60. Goulden, Henry, farmer 3. Groom, A. B. & Co., (Andrew B. and George (?.,) general merchants. Groom, Andrew B., [A.B. Groom t6 Co.) Groom, Geo. O., (,4. B. Groom & Co.) Gulliver, William, farmer 34. Haughton, Benjamin, {Haughton and Coop- er.) Haughton & Cooper, {Benjamin Haughton and Edwin Cooper,) blacksmiths. Hickey, Oliver, (Ledyard,) farmer 16. HILL, JOSHUA, farmer 110. Hoaglan, Stinson, farmer 93. IIOLDRIDGE, JOHN, (Ledyard.) farmer 75. Ilowland, Perry, (Ledyard,) farmer 50. HOXIE, WM., farmer 1.55. HOXIE, ZEBULON, farmer 22.3. Hoyt, Samuel T., (Ledyard.) farmer 64. Hudson, Jesse, cooper. Hunter, Daniel, farmer 40. HURD, PHINEAS, alio, physician and sur- geon and farmer 74. Hurley, Cornelius, (Ledyard,) farmer 20. Kent, Geo. R., postmaster and harness maker. King, Edward B.. (Ledyard,) farmer. Lane, John, (Ledyard.) farmer leases 75. Linch, Philip, farmer 19. LOVELL, CHESTER P., carriage manu- factory. Lyon, James H., (Ledyard,) farmer. Morrison, Joseph, (Lelyard,) farmer 72. Mosher, Amos, (Ledyard,) {with Edgar D.,) farmer 120. Mosher, Chas. W., (Ledyard,) farmer .52. Mosher, Edgar D., (Ledyard,) {with Amos,) farmer 120. MOSHER, T EDGAR, (Ledyard,) farmer 180. Murphy, Wm., farmer 37. NELSON, WM. N., farmer 126^^. O'Brien, Patrick, farmer 20. O'llarra, Daniel, farmer 20. OTIS, JAS. D., farmer 104. Payne, Abram, Ledyard,) farmer 16. Pell, Francis A., retired farmer. Pendell, David Rev., (Ledyard,) M. E. cler- gyman. Perry, Dickson, carpenter. Phelps, Austin, farmer 40. Reynolds, Lydia Mrs., farmer .50. REYNOLDS, WILLIAM, farmer 110. Ridley, Martin, (Ledyard,) farmer 10. Ring, Wm., farmer 88. Ross, Jas., tailor. Rumsey, Reuben, farmer 83. SEARING, CHAS. W., farmer 120. - — Sisson, Wm. P., (Ledyard.) farmer 83. Slocum, Giles, farmer 62)^. SMITH, BENJ., farmer 100. SMITH, DAVID J., (Ledyard,) stock dealer. Smith, John H., (Ledyard,) farmer 62. SMITH, THEODORE P., (Ledyard,) {7cith Peter P. St. John,) farmer leases 150. Sperry, Tile, (Ledyard,) farmer 100. SCIPIO YILLE-8HER WO OB'S— THE SQUARE. 215 St. John, Peter F., (Ledyard,) (^ivith Theo- d&re F. Smith,) farmer leases 150. Stuart, Alex. C, (Ledyard,) farmer 40. Tabor, Benj. P., (Ledyard,) farmer. Tabor, Gamaliel, (Ledyard,) farmer 50. Tabor, Wm. R.. (Ledyard,) farmer 110. Tompkius, Warren B., farmer 110. Treadwell, John, (Ledyard,) farmer 134. -TRIPP, NICHOLAS D., (Ledyard,) farmer 184. TUCKERMAN, ROBERT, (Ledyard,) far- mer 80. Underbill, Henry, farmer leases 109. VauLiew, John, (Ledyard,) farmer 100. Wardwell, Geo., (Ledyard,) farmer 85. Wardwell, Morgan T., (Ledyard,) farmer 70. WATKINS, A. Q., (Ledyard,) farmer 82X. WATKINS, GEO., general merchant. WATKINS, LEDDRA W., farmer 80. WATKINS, ROSWELL B., farmer 104. Webster, Nathan, retired farmer. Wells, Eugene, farmer 66. White, Coral C, (Ledyard,) (with Coral C. Jr.,) farmer 118. WILSON, Isaac, (Ledyard,) farmer 43. WOODEN, SMITH, (Ledyard,) farmer 233. Young», John, (Ledyard.) farmer leases 165. SHERWOOD'S. Aikin, David, (Venice,) farmer 92. Anthony, Elijah, farmer leases 113. BISHOP, AUGUSTUS, farmer 136. Burns, Michael, (Venice,) farmer 1. Butler, Allen, (Venice,) cooper and farmer 34. Butler, Daniel, (Venice,) farmer 40. Cain, Benjamin S., farmer leases 80. Campbell, Patrick, farmer 50. Carenton, William C, cooper. Caughlin, Daniel, farmer 30. CHASE, JOHN P., farmer 157. Comstock, Alonzo, painter. Conety, John, farmer 12. Dunivan, Davis, farmer 40. GIPFORD, SANPORD, (Ledyard,) farmer 200. GOODRIDGE, LEONARD O., farmer 100. GOULD, CLINTON D^ farmer 160. GREENE, SAMUEL W., postmaster, tailor and farmer 1. Griffin, Jacob, (Venice.) farmer leases 20. Hazard, Rowland H., farmer 17. IIEPFERNAN, JAMES, farmer 58. Heffernan, Thomas, farmer 14. Hill, ErastuB, farmer 20. HOWE, FRANKLIN P., (Venice,) custom mill and farmer 40. Howland, Angustus, (Ledyard,) farmer 350. Hovcland, Benjamin, farmer 140. HOWL AND, GEO., (Ledyard,) farmer 180. Howland, Robert H., (Ledyard,) farmer leases 350. Howland, Slocum, {S. Hoivland & Son.) Howland S. & Son, (Slocum and William,) general merchants. Howland, William, {8. Howland A Son.) Hudson, Peter, (Venice,) farmer 160. IDEN, GEO., (Ledyard.) farmer 100. Iden, Greenfield, (Ledyard,) farmer 75. LYON, HIRAM D., (Ledyard,) farmer 100. LYON, JAMES V., farmer leases 215. Mastern, S. B. M., shoe maker. Merrill, Noyes, farmer 70. MERRITT, GEO., speculator. Ney, Henry H., blacksmith and farmer 80. Otis, Samuel D., farmer 294. Owen, Geo. M., blacksmith. PEARL, DENISON R., alio, pbysician and surgeon. Powell, Vaccheus H., farmer 90. REYNOLDS, SYLVANUS G., harness manufacturer. Sanborn, Thos., (Venice,) farmer 30. Searing, Leonard, farmer 160. Searing, Leonard H., (Ledyard,) farmer leases 88. Shaw, 'John, farmer 14. Sherman, John W.,(Ledyard,) farmer leases. Smith, Chas. M., (Ledyard,) blacksmith. SMITH. HOWARD I., (Ledyard.) farmer 88. Smith, Polhamus, (Ledyard,) wagon maker. Taylor, Edward, (Ledyard,) farmer 14. Tennyet, John, (Venice,) farmer 16. TRACY, CALVIN, farmer 215. VANMARTER, OSCAR F., prop. Sher- wood House. Weeks, Sylvester, (Ledyard,) farmer leases 153. White, Geo., (Ledyard,) farmer leases 153. Wiuslow, Wm. B., (Ledyard,) farmer 209. THE SQUARE. ADAMS, ORWELL, farmer 68. Baker, Egber, farmer leases 44. Batten, Henry, farmer 100. Benedict, Uriah, (Ledyard,) farmer 113. Bennett, Clark, farmer leases 70. BILLIARD, HENRY, (Fleming,) farmer 104. CofBn, Nathaniel, farmer 110. Cornwell, Daniel, farmer 150. Fiester, Isaac, farmer 901. Guildersleeve, John, (Fleming,) farmer 130. Haight, Gilbert, farmer 13. HANPORD, HENRY, (Ledyard,) farmer. Ingraham, David H., (Fleming,) {with Vol- ncy Pease,) farmer 193. Lynch, Owen, farmer 23. Miller, Lucy, farmer 53. MOSS, JOHN, farmer leases 107. O'Harra, Geo. W., farmer 162. Pease, Allen, carpenter and farmer 2J^. Pease, Volney, {with David H. Ingraham,) farmer 193. PETERSON, HANNAH C. MRS., post- mistress and farmer 4. Phelps, Thos. H., (Ledyard.) farmer 50. Sanders, Thos., (Fleming,) farmer 5. Scully, Wm., farmer 61. Shaw, Enos T., farmer 124. Smith, John, (Fleming,) farmer 35. Smith, Orrin, farmer leases 37. Tate, Robert, farmer 100. VanLiew, Peter, farmer 80. 216 CAYUGA COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY. ) UNION PICTURE Gi 1 12 Geoesee Street, - AUBURN, N. Y. S. Hall Morris, Proprietor. AJSTy ©OLE A-GETVT FOIt STEIWWAY^SPIAMOSj, For .^Seneca and C^ayxxga Counties. -A.j,fent, also, foi* MASON & HAMLIN'S CABINET ORGANS. S. HALL MORRIS. J. L. ELLIOTT, 9 7 EANT GEIVESEE ST., AUBURN, M. Y. DRUGS, MEDICINES, PAINTS, OILS, Yarnish, Glass and Putty, Family Dyes and Dye Stuffs, Bird Cages, Brackets, Cups and Seed, Pure "Wines and Liquors, Fine Toilet G-oods, Trusses and Supporters, Brushes of all kinds. Stationery, &c. &c., ALL AT REASONABLE PRICES. Here, also, is the agency of THE GREAT UNITED STATES TEA WAREHOUSE. Teas and Coffees of all kinds on hand, in 1-lb. packages, AJF TTHOLESALE CAROO PKICES. DRESSER VILLE—SEMPR ONIUS. 217 The post office addresses of the residents of this town are Dresservilk and Sempro7u-us, in the town ; Kelloggsville, Moravia, and liew Hope in ad- joining towns ; and Scott, Cortland County. DRESSERVILLE. Adams, Augustus, farmer 50. Campbell, Jas., (SummerhiU,) farmer 100. Colwell, Alfred, farmer 70. Conley, Wm., farmer 166. Douglass, Andrew, (SummerhiU,) farmer 140. DRESSER, MARSHALL. (SummerhiU,) farmer. Dresser, Otis. (SummerhiU,) farmer 100. Eaton, Calviu, (SummerhiU,) farmer 105. Eaton, Ebenezer, farmer 171. EATON, NATHANIEL, farmer 38. EUisou, Christopher, farmer 40. FITTS, JULIUS, farmer 116. Fitts, Lucius, farmer 214. FittB, Melvin, farmer 100. GOODWIN, WALTER, (SummerhiU,) far- mer 100. Green, Samuel S., (SummerhiU,) farmer 62. Hall, Isaac, farmer 36. Hart, Chancey, (SummerhiU.) farmer 50. Hart, Henry. (SummerhiU,) farmer 218. HEALD, ABRAM, (SummerhiU,) farmer 62>r. Hinman, Albert, (SummerhiU,) farmer 100. HINMAN, GILBERT, (SummerhiU,) far- mer 61. JAYNE, SENECA, farmer 106. Johnson, Alonzo, (SummerhUl,) farmer 65. Johnson, Francis, farmer 100. Lamphere, George, (SummerhiU,) farmer 72. Logan, Mary C. Mrs., farmer 3. Mather, Jehial, farmer 66. Mather, Sawyer, farmer 50. MCGUCKIN, HUGH, (with Jas.,) (Sum- merhiU,) farmer 180. McGuckin , Jas. , (wi^. Sherman, Brice, (SummerhiU,) farmer 60. Sherman, Dwight, (SummerhiU,) carpenter and farmer 87. Sherman, Henry, (SummerhUl,) farmer 50. Sherman, Reuben, (SummerhUl,) farmer 46. SPRINGER, DWIGHT C, (SummerhUl,) farmer 92. Swift, Arnold, postmaster, general mer- chant and farmer 15. Taggart, Wm., farmer 80. VanSchaick, Frederick A., (SummerhiU,) farmer 85. WHITE, DANIEL, farmer 100. WHITE, JOSIAH E., sawyer and farmer 3. Wood, Wm, M., farmer 157. SEMPRONIUS. Baker, Warren J., farmer 86. BELL, AD ALINE MRS., general merchant. BUSH, ABRAM, (Sempronius.) farmer 255. CASE, NATHANIEL L., farmer 163. Cleaveland, John, farmer 98. Curtain, David, farmer 78. CURTAIN, JOHN, farmer 200. Eaton, Atna, tannery and farmer 4. GRIFFIN, LAVALETTE, farmer 120. HARMON, ALEXANDER, farmer 120. HATHAWAY, ARDON, farmer 150. Hinman, Clark, (P. O. address Scott, Cort- land Co.,) farmer leases 100. KING, E. H., general merchant. LEFFINGWELL, ELISHA, (Sempronius,) farmer 102. Miles, Hiram, farmer 98. Miller, Seneca, farmer 70. MOTT, GEO., farmer 260. Palmer, Wm., farmer 33. Parry, Abraham, farmer 50. PIERCF, PHEBE MRS., (P. O. address Scott, Cortland Co.,) farmer 100. Robinson, B, C, farmer leases 121. Scott, Samuel J., farmer 64. Sheldon, Abram, farmer 98. Smith, Eunice Mrs., (Sempronins,) farmer 50. Smith, Jonas, farmer 80. Spore, Charlotte Mrs., (Sempronius) far- mer 56. THAYER, EZRA, farmer 292. THOMPSON, DAVID, farmer 166. Tompkins, L., (Sempronius,) farmer leases 98. Vosbusgh, Abram, farmer 100. Watson, Schuyler, farmer 144. Wilcox, Henry D., farmer 52. ' Youngs, Benjamin F., farmer 74. 218 SENNNET. There is but one post office in this town, viz; Sennett. Many of the residents receive their mail at Auburn and Weedsport, in adjoining towns ; and MottvUle and tikaneateles, Onondaga County. SENNETT. Andrews, William, (P. O. address Skan- cateles, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 25. Arnold, Benjamin, carper.ter. AT YEO, GEORGE, gardener and farmer 30. Austin, John S., farmer 50. Beavers, Harmon, farmer .30. BEAVERS, JOIINM., farmer leases 30. BOWEN, ALBERT W., farmer 1(!6. Bowcn. Joseph M., farmer 93. BOWEN, SPENCER, farmer 200. Bradley, William, farmer 50. Briskham, Robert, farmer 33. Brown, Jonathan, (P. O. address Mottville, Onondaga Co.,) farmer lOfi. CADY,CURTISSC., M. D., physician and farmer 250. Cannon, Daniel, prop. Sennett Hotel. Carter, Wm., (Brutus,) farmer !. CARVER, EDWARD, (P. O. address Skan- eateles, Onondaga Co.,) farmers. CASE. WILLARD H., farmer leases 160. CHAMBERLAIN, JOEL, (Brutus,) (with Wm. Wallace,') gardener and farmer 112. Chandler, Geo., farmer 11. Clark, Schuyler, (Brutns,) farmer 65. CLIPT, JOAB L., (P. O. address Skaneate- les, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 225. Coburn, J. Marvin, house painter. COBURN, KEYES REV-, christian clergy- man. COBURN, MILLARD B., farmer 40. Cooper, M''illiam, farmer 7. Cottle, William, (P. O. address Mottville, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 54>^. , Cowles, Caleb, (P. O. address Skaneateles, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 87. Crocker, Chas., farmer 3>^. Crosman, Abigail Mrs., farmer 12. Crosman, Geo. M., town clerk and carriage maker. CROSMAN, HIRAM P., farmer 60. Davis, Chloe Mrs., farmer 7. DAVIS, SOLOMON, shoe maker. Depnv, Henry P., farmer 55. DEPiTY, ISAAC, (P. O. address Mottville, Onondaga Co.,) (with Wm. A. Dwindle,) farmer 347. DOITGHERTY, PETER, (P. O. address Skaneateles, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 56^. Drake, Jas. H., blacksmith. Dnrbin, Chas., (Brutus,) farmer 7>^. *DURBIN, THOS., (Brutus,) apiarian. Durkee, William, farmer 98. DURSTON, JAMES, (P. O. address Skan- eateles, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 115. DWINELLE, WM. A., (P. O. address Mott- ville, Onondaga Co.,) (with Isaac De- puy,) farmer 347. Eaton, Alex. II., house painter and farmer 10. Eeverts, Noah R. Rev., Baptist clergyman. ELSWORTH, TRUMAN, farmer 98. Fellows, Henry, farmer 300. Ferrell, Jos., farmer 150. Foster, J., boot and shoe maker. FRESHER. HENRY, (P. O. address Mott- ville, Onondaga Co.,) mason acd far- mer 42. Gardner, Northrop H., (P. O. address Mott- ville, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 103. GARDNER, STEPHEN, (P. O. address Mottville, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 74. Gates, Commodore P., house painter. Gates, H. P., carpenter. GERAND, GEO., (P. O. address Skaneat- eles , Onondaga Co.,) farmer 5. Glass, John, farmer 150. GLASS. JOSEPH, farmer 150. Glass, Martha Mrs., farmer 18. GODFREY, A., farmer 144. GODLEY, WM., farmer 83. Goodell, Elijah, farmer 5. Goodell, Therejia, milliner. HACKET, HENRY, (P. O. address Skan- eateles, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 20^. HEALY, JOHN M., retired farmer 10. HEALY, PHILO W., farmer 116. Heembury, Edward, (P. O. address Skane- ateles, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 83. Hill, Albert E., (Brutus,) farmer leases 155. Hill, Edwin, (ivith Erwin,) farmer 240. Hill, Erwin, (with Edwin,) farmer 240. Hill, Jesse, (P. O. address Skaneateles, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 128. Hill, Levi S., (Brutus,) farmer 130. Hill, Myron H., (Brutus,) farmer 155. Hoyt, Edward S., (P. O. address MottviHe, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 236. KEELER, DAVID, (P. O. address, Skan- eatles, Onondaga Co.,) carpenter and farmer 20. King, Joshua, (Brutus,) farmer 5. Lawrence, Daniel, farmer 32. LAWRENCE, FERNANDO C, (P. O. ad- dress Mottville, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 12. Lewis, Geo., (P. O. address Mottville, On- ondaga Co.) farmer leases 96. LUKINS, CHAS., farmer 40. Madison, John IL, carpenter. Mason, Edwin H., farmer 160. MILLER, CHRISTIANNA MRS., farmer 80. Miller, Henderson, mason. Miller, Wm., mason. Mooney, Jas., farmer 10. MORELAND, LEWIS, (P. O. address Mott- ville, Onondaga Co.,) carpenter and far- mer 37. SENNETT. 219 MORELAND, MOSES, (P. O.addressMott- ville, Onondaga Co.,) saw mill and farmer 120. MUNSON, EDWARD, farmer 231. Munson, Geo. E., farmer 70. Muuson, Harvey S., ticket agent N. Y. C. R. R, Muth, Valentine, (P. O. address Skaueate- les, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 55. NESTLE, JOHN, (P. O. address Mottville, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 87. NORTH, THOMAS, (P. O. address Mott- ville, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 24. Ogden, Thos., farmer 270. Page, Jesse, retired farmer. Page, John R., artist and farmer 60. PARSELL, DAVID C, (P. O. address Skan- eateles, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 125. Phelps, Alfred, farmer 7. Phelps, Almeron, farmer 125. Phelps, Chas., farmer 73. Phelps, Clark D., farmer 60. Phelps, Porter, farmer 107. Phillips, Jas., farmer 125. Powel, Geo. E., (P. O. address Skaneateles, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 72. Powers, Freeman, (Brutus,) tin pedlar. Powers, Hugh, farmer 4. Prince, Chas., farmer 8. Ramsey, John, farmer 10. RAMSEY, JOHN W., farmer 73. REED, GEO. H., farmer 38. Relph, Thos., tailor. Remington, Philander, (Brutus,) farmer 103. RHOADES, OSMAN, (P. O. address Skan- eateles, Onondaea Co.,) farmer 185, SCANDLON, MARTIN, (P. O. address Skaneateles, Onondaga Co.,) farmer leases 3. Seeley, Benj., farmer 50. Sennett Hotel, Daniel Cannon, proprietor. SERVICE, BENJ. Q., (Brutus,) farmer 100. Servis. Jas. M., (Throop,) farmer 50. SHAVER, MILTON G., (P. O. address Skaneateles, Onondaga Co.) farmer 130. Sheldon, C. L. Mrs., general merchant and post mistress. SHELDON, ELON, stock dealer and far- mer 140. SHELDON, ENOS, farmer A^. SHELDON, GEO, E., farmer 90. Sheldon, Hiram, retired farmer. Sheldon, Myron W., stock dealer. SHELDON, WILLIAM, farmer 300. Skadan, Christian Mrs., farmers. Smith, Brine, farmer 10. Suiith, Chas., farmer 76. Smith, Smith, (P. O. address Skaneateles, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 6. SNOW, HENRY, (P. O. address Skaneate- les, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 8>^. Soule, Geo. W., tanner. Soule, Howard, tanner and farmer 40. Star, Levi, farmer 13. Stevens, Howard, (Brutus,) sawyer. Stevens, Judd, manufacturer and inventor of ditching machine. Stevens, Oliver, (Brutus,) millwright, saw and cider mill and farmer 40. STEVENS, PERRY, farmer 50. Stockwell, Dulcy Mrs., farmer 47. Stockwell, John Q. A., farmer 54. Strong, Levi, farmer 70. STRONG, NORMAN, farmer 97. Sullivan, Omprey Mrs., farmer 0. Sumner, Wm., (Brutus,) farmer 7. SUNDERLIN, HORACE, farmer 95. Tanner, Cyrus S.. farmer 82. Tanner, Nathan B., (Brutus,) farmer 54. Tanner, Selden B., (Mrutus,) farmer 60. Tanner, Selden B. Jr., farmer 9. Tanner, William, farmer 74. Tanner. Wm. H., (Brutus,) farmer 31. TAYLOR, ALFRED, farmer 60. Taylor, Moriah Mrs., farmer 137. Taylor, Thomas, (P. O. address Skaneate- les, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 70. Thomas, Edward, farmer 25. Tyler, Sarah D. Mrs., (P. O. address Mott- ville, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 30. VanSchaick, James, (Brutus,) farmer 8. WALDRON, EDWARD, farmer 50. Waldron, Jacolj N., farmer 125. Wall, John, farmer 62. Wallace, Wm., (Brutus,) (loith Joel Cham- berlahn,) gardener and farmer 112. Warm, John, retired farmer 12. Warn, George, farmer 59. Warn, John M., (tvith Lewis Jl/.,) farmer 20. WARN, LEWIS M., {with JohnM.,) farmer 20. Warn, Sarah M. Mrs., farmer 135. Waterhouse, Willson, farmer 50. Webber, Charles, carpenter. W^ebster, Goodwin L., gardener. WEBSTER, WILLIAK farmer 170. Weeks, Job, (P. O. address Skaneateles, Onondaga Co.,) mason and farmer 17. WEEKS, LEVI, (P. O. address Skaneateles, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 153. Wheelock, Salem D., farmer 9. White, Alanson, farmer 46. Whitman, John C, farmer 3. Wiggins, Robert, farmer 45. Wilcox, Edwin, farmer 25. WILLSON, GEORGE, (P. O. address Skaneateles, Onondaga Co.,) farmer 156. Wright, Sidney L., wagon maker. Wright, William, blacksmith. 220 CATUGA COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY. HARTER'S FINE ART GALLERY AT NO. 83 GENESEE STREET, Mr. Barter, the Proprietor of this Gallery, has the oldest, and by far the largest and best, and most convenient establishment of the kind in the County. He is prepared with appara- tus and artists not to be excelled, to produce PICTURES OF ANY DESIRABLE SIZE, From the Gem Ambrotype, Cartes de Visite and Porcelain, up to the IMPERIAL & LIFE SIZE PHOTOGRAPHS, In styles not to be surpassed, and on the most reasonable terms. Photographs of any size or style f JPlahi or Col- ored, made from Daguerreotyjye or Ambrotype Likenesses, MKS. J. H. HARTER, One of the most Skillful and Artistic Colorists and India Ink Finishers in the State, is constantly employed in this Gallery of Art. HARTER Also sells Albums, Books, Picture Frames, Stereoscopes, Stereoscopic Pictures, PIANOS, MELODEONS, &c., &c. J. H. HARTER, 83 Genesee St., Auburn, N. Y. There is but one post office in this town, viz : Unirni Springs. Some of the residents receive their mail at Auburn, Aureliusimdi Cayuga, in adjoin- ing towns. UNION SPRINGS. Abbott, R. R., photograph artist. ADAMS, CHAS. H., books, stationery, ■wall paper &c. ALLEN ALBERT W., undertaker and cabi- net maker. Allen, D. D., Union Springs Mills. ALLEN, ETHAN, farmer 95. ALLEN, FRANKLIN G., {Giff(rrd & AUm,) farmer 20. Allen, John, farmer 27. Allen, Seneca Mrs., farmer 200. ALT, ADAM, hair dresser. ANDERSON, CHAS. REV., pastor First Presbyterian church. ANGEL & CHAMBERS, {.Tas, R. Angel a7id Alex. Chambers,) dining saloon. ANGEL, JAS. B., (Angel cfc Chambers.) Anthony, David, farmer 153. Anthony, Emmet, carpenter and builder. ANTHONY, HORACE, farmer. Anthony, Smith, farmer 115. Anthony, Wm., farmer 136. ARNOLD, JAS., farmer 12;^. Bx\CKUS, CLINTON T., president First National Bank, owns farm 130. Bailey, A. Freeman, pastor Liberal Christian church. BAILEY, GEO., Insurance agent. Barney, Geo. B., hardware dealer. Beam, Alanson, clock agent. BEARDSLEY, ALBERT, (Kyle, Howell <& Co.) (Smith, Beardsley <& Co., Weedsport,) president N. Y. C. Insu- rance Co. Beardsley, Daniel, farmer 200. BERTRAM, SAMUEL B., proprietor Ber- tram's Hotel. Bliss, Silas S., (late Rowland & Bliss.) Bowen, Edwin C, building mover. Bower, Betsey Mrs., farmer 150. Branch, John S., farmer 106. BROKAW, LE ROY, tinsmith. BROWN, DELWIN F., prin. Commercial school. Auburn. Brown, E. C. Rev., M. E. clergyman. Brown, Wm, V., tanner and currier. BURCn, THOS., farmer leases 105. BURLEW, CHAS., farmer 256. BURLEW, JAMES B., livery keeper. BURLEW, JAS. N., (Wood d Burleiv.) Bustin, Geo. W., groceries and provisions. C APRON, A. B., postmaster. Carr, Geo. E., coal deliverer. CARR, HARTMAN, brick maker. CHAMBERS, ALEX., (Angel <& Chambers.) Champney, Henry, farmer 30. Chase, Geo. H., farmer 200. CHASE, WM. H., farmer 200. CLARK, GEO. W., farmer 175. ♦CLARKE, JOS. B., secretary N. Y. C. Insurance Co, CLARK, ORRIN L., farmer 100. Clark, Samuel, farmer 76. COE, CURTIS, apiarian and farmer 60. Coles, Jos., painter. Collins, John, farmer 70. Collins, Levi, harness maker. Collins, Thos., farmerO. Comstock, P., patent right agent. COMSTOCK, THEODORE, lime and stone dealer and farmer 16. CORNELL, DANIEL G., farmer 105. CORNWELL, THOS., farmer 125. Culver, Jas. A., blacksmith and farmer 62. CULVER, JAS. S., blacksmith and farmer 95. Curry, Edward, (Curry & Howell.) Curry & Howell, (Edward Curry and Peter T. Howell,) tanners. Davis, David C, farmer 160. DESHONG, JOHN, farmer 220. Dills, Henry, (Ledyard,) farmer 125. DILLS, JACOB S., (Ledyard,) farmer 116. Dills, Jerome B., carpenter. Doan,AmoB, carpenter. DUNLAP, GEO., farmer. Durkee, Horace T., farmer45. DURKEE, MORTON E., farmer 45. Eggleeton, Wm. R., carpenter. ELD RIDGE, HENRY S., (late of firm of Leach .,) druggists. ROGERS, WARREN, (Rogers & Fcrrdyce.) Rosenc rants, Jacob, blacksmith and wag- gon maker. SCHENCK, CYRUS, farmer 101. SCHENCK, GEO. P., {Kyle, Howell & Co.,) own farm 153. SCHENCK, HORACE, (Keeler & Schenck.) Schenck, Jacob, farmer 1.34. SCHENCK, JOHN, farmer 120. Schenck, John R., farmer 95. Schenck, Sylvanus, farmer 90. Schenck, Wm. G., farmer 160. Schobev, Wm. B., farmer 200. SCOBEY, ENOCH W., M. D., (Ledyard,) physician and farmer 60. SEARING, SA-MUEL H., (Fleming,) far- mer 76. SHANK, ISAAC V., (/. V. Shank & Co.) SHANK, I. V. & CO., (Isaac V. Shank and Thos. Shoemaker,) warehouse. SHANK, JOHN B., butcher. Shank, Jotham, farmer 115. SHEPARD, AMASA B., farmer. Shoemaker, John, farmer 125. Shoemaker, Michael, farmer 125. SHOEMAKER, THOMAS, (/. V. Shank .A Co.) Shrader & Howland, {John A. Shrader and Chas. N. Hoioland,) hardware dealers. Shrader, John A., (Shrader i& Howland.) Simmons, George, peddler. SMITH, BENJAMIN T. SMITH, C. G. & CO., (Chas. O. Smith and Stephen B. Harlow, Auburn,) lumber dealers. SMITH, CHAS. G., (C. G. Smith & Co.) Smith, Geo., farmer 170. SMITH, WM. HENRY, farmer 142. Spangler, Henry, farmer 220. Stewart, Luther A., farmer. Stoddard, Albert J., telegraph operator. Stout, James C, carpenter. Strang, Hiram, farmer 125. Stranjj, John, farmer 86. THOMAS, J. J., farmer 55. THOMPSON, JESSE D., boots and shoes. UXION SPBINOS—FAIR HAVEN. 223 "TRUESDELL, JOSHUA C. farmer 155. ♦UNION SPRINGS ADVERTISER, J. B. Uoff, proprietor. UTT, ALMERON. (Ledyard,) farmer 150. UTT, WM., farmer 180. Valmore, Geo., clothing and boots and shoes. Valmore, German S., {intk C. G. Smifh.) Van Norton, Jonathan, works G. W. Clark's farm. Van Sickle, Wm. H. farmer 100. Waldrou, Edward P., farmer 69. Waldron. Harmon, farmer 158. WARDWELL, HORACE T., (Ledyard,) farmer 45. Warrick, Henry C, farmer 300. Warrick, Peter, farmer leases 80. WEED, J. D. & R. R., (JohiiD. and Reuben R..) groceries and provisions. WEED, JOHN D.. (./. D. & R. R. Ueerf,) justice of the peace. WEED, REUBEN R., {J.D. &R. R. Weed.) Weed, Seth, farmer 140. WHIPPLE, HARVEY M.,(Ledyard,)tlire8h- er. Wilkey, Joseph S., mason and farmer 4. Wine^ar, Caleb, farmer 50. ^V'ine;4er, Geo. W., teller First National Bank. Winegar, Lewis, carpenter. Wolley, John C, farmer 100. > WOOD & BURLEW, {Jas. Wood and Jas. N. Btirlew.) brick and tile makers. WOOD, ETSEL, attorney and counselor at law. WOOD. JAS., ( Wood & Bnrlew.) Wood, Peter B., farmer MO. WOOD, WINANCEE, carpenter. Wyckotf, Henry P., farmer 17.3. Wyckoff, P. v., plaster mill. Yard, M. J. Mrs., boarding house. Yawger, Daniel, farmer 51. Yawgpr. HenrvJr., (//. & P. 0. Yaiuger.) YAWGER, HOWLAND & CO., R. B. How- . land, agent, stone plaster dealers. Yawper, H. & P. O., (Henry Jr.., and Philip O.,) general merchants. Yawger, John H., cooper. Yawger. John Y., cashier First National Bank and owns farm 150. YawL'^er, Peter, farmer 200. Yawger, Philip, farmer I'.tO. Yawger, Philip O., (//. & P. 0. YaiCQer.) YOUNGS, CHAS. M., (Ledyard,) farmer leases 130. The post office atlilrcsses of the fesidents of this town are Fair Haven, MartviUk, Nwtli Sterling, Sterling aud Sterling Valley, in the town ; Nvrth Victory, in the linvn of Victory, and Red Creek, Wayne County. FAIR HAVEN. Barrus, Giles, prop'r Ontario House and farmer leases 130. BARTHOLF, BENJ. A. REV., pastor Re- formed Prot stant Dutch church. BRUNDAGE, BENJ. V., painter, wagon maker and farmer 3. Carman, Siephen H., farmer 80. CLAPER, JACOB, farmer leases 120. CLARK, WM. H., waj^on maker. Cochrane, James T., tarmer Iby.. Cole, D. S., farmer 4 and leases 112. Cole, Geo., farmer 106. Crane, Henry, farmer 49. Crane, Sherborne H., shoemaker, tanner and postmaster. Demill, Philip, stone mason and farmer 1. Parnham, A. J., farmer 92 j^^. Forscutt, John, farmer 175. Hammond D., fanner leases 106. Harris, John, {with Mrs. Sarah and Mrs. ■J..) farmer 103. Harris. J. Mrs., {with Mrs. Sarah andf, John.) farmer 103. Harris, Sarah Mrs., (with Mrs. J. and John,) farmer 103. Heishir, Frederick, farmer 49. Jones, A. Mrs., farmer 1. LITTLE, LUDO B., saw mill stave factory and farmer 20. Martin, John, farmer leases from A. Bards- ley, of Auburn, 140. McCrea. John, faruier 196. PETITT, DORASTUS, farmer 35. Pettit, Jonathan R., farmer 70. POST, GEO. I., lawyer and farmer 140. Rasbeck, J. C, farmer 58. ROSE, JAS. E., cabinet maker. Taylor. Garrison, grocer. TAYLOR, HENRY, sailor. Turner, Betsy Mrs., farmer 17. Turner, Geo., farmer 140. Turi.er. Isaac Jr., farmer 60. Turner, Wm. C, farmer 110. VanPotten, Minard, alio, physician. Wake, Jos., farmer IX- Welch, Rufus S., general merchant and farmer 5. V.ILKINSON, PHILASTER, farmer 4. Williams, John, farmer 43. WYMAN, SIDNEY I., dep. collector of customs and farmer 23. 224 3fA R TVILLE-NOR TH S TERLINO—STERLIN G . MARTVILLE. Allen, E. M., poneral merchant. Allen, IleBter Mrs., farmer 3?^. ALLEN, JAMES M., prop. National Hotel. Backer, Geo., farmer 7(5. Baird, Harrison M., farmer23. BARNES, AIUAL N., wagon maker. Barnes, James, farmer 80. Baxter, Thos., farmer 40. Bell, Thos., carpenter and farmer 10. BKOWN, JAMES, farmer leases 5G?i. Brown, John C, farmer ]5X- easier, Nathan, farmer 53. Conger, Daniel, farmer 13. Cooper. M. W. farmer 66. Counsell, Solomon, farmer 94. Creine, John M., farmer 41. Crofoot, Silas, farmer .38. Curtis, Hiram C, tannery. Demoll, John, farmer .59. Dolph, Isaac H., farmer 71. DOLPH, L. H., farmer 100. Doud, Richard, farmer 53. Douglass. Albert, farmer 75. Drury, Lucius N., farmer 2X- (rodfrcy, E., farmer '^4. Godfrey, Miller, farmer 25. GREEN, A. N., farmer 100. GritHn, Michael, farmer 53. Harris, Christopher, shoemaker and farmer 8. Hartwell. R. O., farmer 03. Harvey, O., farmer56. Heuesy, John,- farmer 50. HUFF, RICHARD M., grist and saw mill. Hume, John W., farmer 62>.'. Hume, Thos. C, farmer (>i'A- Jones, John R., farmer leases 71. KINGSBURY, HORACE J., road commis- sioner and farmer 47. KYLE, WM. S., farmer 145. Lamb, A. M., farmer 1. Lay, Johf D., boot ard shoe maker and far- mer 3. Lewis, D. P., farmer 50. LEWIS, FRANKLIN D., farmer 100. Lockwood, Hiram, blacksmith. Mahoney, Tim, farmer 25. Mason, Justin, farmer .58. MYERS, HARRIET MRS., farmer 300. MYERS, IIEMAN, farmer 160. Mvers, Isaac B., farmer 60. MYERS, REUBEN J., general merchant and postmaster. MYERS, S. L., farmer leases 200. Parsons, Chas., farmer 50. Ponoyer, Lewis, farmer 50. Rice, David, farmer 14X. RILEY, CHAS., farmer 100. Riley, Patrick, farmer CO. Schoolcraft, Elijah, farmer 58. Shaver, Adam, wagon maker and black- smith. Shaver, E. Mrs., farmer 23. Small, \Vm., farmer 2. Storke, Wm., farmer 25. Strong, Alanson. farmer \%. SWri''ZER, HENRY, carpenter and joiner and farmer 50. TAPPAN, JOHN M., farmer 100. Timersou, Chas., farmer 2. Timerson, Chas. W., farmer 95. Timerson, Geo. W., farmer 23. Timerson, Harmon, farmer 65. Timerson, Peter, farmer 20. Van Dusen, I., farmer 75. Van Petten, Jacob, farmer 1.34X- WASSON, JAMES A., saw mill and farmer 50. Wicks, Diana Mrs., farmer 50. Wilder, Reuben, farmer 100. Wilder, V. R., farmer 25. Wilkes, Thos., farmer .30. NORTH STERLING. Ahdrcw, David, farmer 19. Andrews, Wm., farmer 9S. Blaikie, M. Mrs., farmer 32. Burges!?, Margaret Mrs., farmer 10. Cooper, John C, farmer 45. CRANDAL, IRA A., farmer 72. DANDIE, ALEX., farmer 102. Donohue, C, farmer 75. Flanflgau, R., farmer 2. Forden, Jas., farmer 20. Glynn, Timothv, farmer 16. GRAY, JOHN," farmer 107. Hackney, John, farmer 63. HARSHA, CHAS., farmo' 107. Hay den, John, farmer 25. Irwin, (Jeo. B., farmer 75. IRWIN, HENRY I., farmer 15. IRWIN, JAS. C, farmer 100. . Jewett, Norman, farmer 75. Johnson, Gilbert II., farmer 5. Lake, Dean, postmaster and farmer GO. McFarland, Geo. T., farmer 46. Musson, D. K. Ross, farmer 37. OLIVER, WM., farmer 100. Peterson, John, farmer leases 100. Sidman, John, fsirmer 24. Ward, Hannah M's., farmer 30. STERLING. ■ Acker, Henry, farmer 50. ACKERSON,S. B. MRS., (P. O. addres3 Red Creek, Wayne Co..) farmer 141. Ackerson, Walter, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co..) farmer 50. Acre, David, farmer 7?i. ADAMS, MICHAEL, farmer .36. BARNES, HIRAM, farmer 30. BECKER, JAMES, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 100. BECKER, LUKE, farmer 110. Bellinger, Wm., farmer 84. Benedict, E. D., farmer 70. Bennet, James, farmer 50. Benney, John, farmer 60. BLACK MER, HIRAM A., farmer 107. Brewster, Gilbert, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 63, Bridges, Moses, farmer 62>^. Brown, David U., (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 25. Brown, Hulsey, (P. O. addresB Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) fanner 98. Bruce, Albert, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 65. Brumfield, Elizabeth Mrs., (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 50. STERLINO. 225 Byer, Church & Co., {Wm. and Nicholas *Bytr, and Jas. D. Church,) general merchants. Byer, Nicholas, (Byer, Church & Co.) Byer, Thos., wagon maker and farmer 35. Byer, Wm., (Byer, Church & Co.) Carris, Lewis, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 44. Chapell, Justus, general merchant. Church, James D., (Byer, Church d Co.,) postmaster. Comb, Charles, (with Leivis IF.,) farmer 100. COMBS, LEWIS W., (with Charles,) far- mer 100. Conner, Owen, (P. O. address Eed Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 23>^. Cooper, David B., farmer &il)4- Cooper, Geo., farmer 75. Cooper, James A., farmer 25. Cooper, Thos., farmer 100. CORTRIGHT, C. M. MRS., farmer 6.3. CORTRIGHT, MOSES I., (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) millwright and farmer 53. Covy, Nathaniel, (.4. C. Sturgis A Covy.) Crandell, Daniel, farmer 36X- CROCKETT, HUGH, farmer 109. Culvert, M., farmer 125. DALE, CHAS. H., farmer 1. Doe, Daniel H., prop. American Hotel. Doud, Zenas, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 144. DOUGLASS, HARVEY M., (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) chair maker and farmer 175. Douglass, Saxton, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 100. Earles, Alexander, farmer 50. Easton, Enos, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 31% and leases 10. Field, Simeon, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) carpenter and joiner. Forman, R. Mrs., farmer 74. FORSYTH, SPICER, farmer 120. Galley, Wm. U., blacksmith. Gardner, Cornelia Mrs., farmer 43. Garner, Mary Mrs., farmer 4. GILBERT, JOHN, farmer 65. Gillvra, John, farmers. Green, C, farmer 70. GREEN, DEWITT C, (loith Corndhis Whiting,) (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer leases 363. Green, James, general merchant. Green, James A., farmer 119. Harrington, Simon, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 160. Harris, James, farmer 33. Hartson, Washington, farmer 37 and leases 60. HOLIDAY", JOHN. (Holiday & Son.) HOLIDAY & SON, (John and Wample,) tannery. HOLIDAY, WAMPLE, (Holiday & Son.) Hopkins, Isaac K., farmer 2. Howell, Ezra, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 100. Howell, Lewis B., (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co..) farmer 67. Howell, Thos. B., (P. O. address Red Cre«k, Wayne Co.,) farmer 295, Hume, Geo. A., farmer 105. HUMPHREY, ENOS, farmer 100. N Ingersoll, Ryel, farirer 95. JENKINS, REUBEN, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 13:^. Johnson, Robert, farmer 26. Jones, Jonathan P., (,P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 235. Ketchum, Isaac, farmer 100. KEVILL, WM., crist mil, cider mill, shin- gle mill and farmer 20. Kinfj, David, (P. O. address Rod Creek, Wayne Co.,) carpenter and joiner and farmer 186. KING, GEO. D., (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.) farmer leases 186. Lester, Geo., farmer 50. LESTER, JAMES, justice of peace, harness maker and farmer 7>^. Liby, A., (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 13. Lyon, Chas. B., fanner 180. Lyon, Hannah Mrs., farmer 70. Lyon, Jesse P., farmer 45. Lyon, Riley H., farmer 67,'^. Marvin, Amos H., farmer 100. MARVIN, LEWIS S., farmer 51. MCBRIDB, GEO. G., (P. O. address South West Oswego, Oswego Co.,) farmer 70. McFadden, Benj., farmer 114X. McFadden, I,H., farmer 180. McFarland, Thos. C, farmer 25. Mclnroy, Robert, farmer 50. MCINTYRE, CHAS., farmer 52><^. SAMPSON, EDWARD F., farmer 90. Samson, Richard, farmer 26. Samson, Thos., farmer 41. SANFORD, DANIEL C, cabinet maker, painter, draughtsman and town clerk. Sant, Jos., (P. O. address New Y'ork city,) farmer 125. Sayres, Wm., farmer 53%. Sayre. Julia Miss, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 20. Scofleld, Wm. A.. (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 50. See, Frank, farmer leases 63. SHATTUCK, MARTIN L., (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) shoemaker, tanner and farmer 10. Shepard, L. A., (P. O. address Oswego,) farmer 112. SimpkiHS, John, farmer 32. SimpkiBS, Peter, farmer 42. Simpkins, Selah, farmer 8. ;i 226 CAYUGA COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY. AND MANUFACTURER OF OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS. DEALER IN I WINDOW SHADES hM FIXTURES. Also an Entire Slock of GOLD STAMPED, SATIN AND BLANK "WALIi PAPfiRS, AND BORDERS, all of which will be sold LOW FOR CASH, at wholesale and retail. Gilding and JFratne Making done to Order, and satis/ac- tion guaranteed. 29 & 31 GENESEE STREET STERLING— STERLING VALLEY. 227 Slack, John, (P. O. address Bed Creek, Wayne Co.,) f'lrmer 45j^. Smith, David B., farmer 25 and leases 32. Smith, Martin, farmer ,S7X. Smith, Moses, farmer 89. Stephens, Phihp, {wUh William,) farmer 69. Stevens, Wm., (with Philip,) farmer 69. Stronj?, Philander, farmer t!4. Sturgis, A. C. & Covy, (Nathaniel Covy,) iron founders. SWARWOUT, JAMES, farmer 123. Teachout, Jonas, farmer 3. Teachout, Wm., farmer 20. Todd, John, farmer 76. Turbish, Daniel, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne county,) farmer 27. Vandusen, Geo. W., (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) blacksmith. Van Patten. David R., farmer 50. VAN PATTEN, CHRISTIAN, {with Har- mon,) farmer 140. VAN PATTEN, HARMON, {with Chris- tian,) farmer 140. VAN PATTEN, JAMES W., farmer 46. Van Patten, John A., farmer 71. Van Petten, Peter, farmer 101^. Van Petten, Peter Jr , farmer 66. Walrath, Isaac, farmer leases 50. Wilkin, Matthew Rev., Reformed Presby- terian clergyman. Welling, Thos.. farmer 37X. Whiting, Cornelius. (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) (tvith Dewitt C. Oreen,) farmer leases 363. WHITING, HORACE S., (P. O. address Red Creek, Wiiyne Co.,) farmer 220. Whiting, Sylvester, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 26. Wilder, A. P., farmer 96. Wilson, Ephraim, farmer 40. Wills, Samuel, (P. O. address New York city,) farmer 120. Wright, Wm., (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 19. STERLING VALLEY. BAKER, WM., larmer 100 Brainard, John, farmer 75. BRIDGES, EDMUND, farmer 156. Calvert, Blethar, farmer 50. CLARK, WM. R., farmer 72^^. Cooper, Geo., blacksmith. Cooper, John H., farmer 75. Cooper, Joseph C., farmer 84. Crisman, Chas., (with Oliver Stevens.) saw mill. CRYLER, JACOB, farmer 286. Currie, David, farmer 50. Currie, David, Jr., farmer 15. De Witt, Franklin, farmer 87. Dugan, James S., farmer 25. Dugid, Ales., farmer 10. Edgar, John Rev., United Presbyterian clergyman. Galsbuiy, C. G. farmer .36. Gilbert, Spencer, farmer 90. HUNTER, JAMES C, (James C. Hunter & Co.,) postmaster. HUNTER, JAMES C. & CO., (John) gener- al merchants and own saw mill. HUNTER, JOHN, (James C. Hunter & Co.) Johnson, James, farmer 75. Johnson, Samuel, farmer 60. Jones, Henry A., farmer 50. Lakton, Luke, farmer 90. Lloyd, John, farmer 12. McEachron, John, farmer 68. McEachron, Peter, farmer 80. McKnight, John, (ivith Jameg,) farmer 100. Mcknight, JAMES, supervisor of town, farmer 80, and (ivith John,) farmer 100. McKnight, Wm., farmer 100. Myers, Edward, wagon maker and farmer 1 ^. Parrish, Wm. W., farmer .30. PETERSON WM., farmer. Proudfit, Hugh P., a) lop. physician. Robinson, E., proprietor NortJi Sterling House and farmer 5. Scott, Henry, farmer 245. Stevens, Oliver, (with Chas. Crisman,) saw mill. STONEBURGH, GEO., shoemaker. Tilford, James T., grocery. Tillson, Chas. E., farmer 23X. Twitt, John, farmer 4. Upcraft, Henry, larmer 49. Vansanford, Asa P., carpenter and farmer 10. Vansandford. Henry F., farmer 65. WALLACE, BYRON, (Woodmansee, Wal- lace & Bro.) WALLACE, JOHN, (Woodmansee, Wal- lace (fe Bro.) Williams, Richard, farmer 18^. Willse, Sanford, cooper and farmer 1. WOODMANSEE, NATHAN,( Woodmansee, Wallace & Bro.) WOODMANSEE, WALLACE & BRO., (Nathan Woodmansee, Byron Wallace and John Wallace,) grist mill. 228 CAYUOA COUNTY BUSINESS DIBECTOBT. AUBURN FILE WORKS^ MANTTPACTintEItS OF k from: the best WARRANTED ENGLISH CAST STEEL Files Re-Out in the Best Manner. EK\lPb OPPOSITE COURT HOUSE, AUBUEN, K T. HIRAM L. SWIFT, Prop r. SUMMER HILL. 229 The post office addresses of the residents of this town are Summer Hill, in the town ; Dresserville 2.nA Moravia, in adjoining towns ; Oroton,Tom^- kins County, and Homer, Cortland County. SUMMER. HILL. Allen, Geo. H., farmer 35. BANCROFT, NATHAN, farmer 67. Bangs, Samuel, farmer 160. Barber, Geo. H., farmer 105. Barber, Heman H., farmer 71. Bates, Joshua, farmer 4. Benson, Alfred, (P. O. address New York city,) farmer 280. Bentley, Franklin, (P. O. address Groton city, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 107. Bentley. Phebe Mrs., (P.O. address Homer, Cortland Co.,) farmer 3X- Bingham, Geo. W., farmer 50. Bingham, Henry, farmer 120. Bingham, Wm. G., farmer 100. Bowker, Silas, (Locke,) farmer 50. Brink, Baniel H., farmer 50. BROGDEN, CORNELIUS E., postmaster, tovTn clerk, boarding house keeper and grocer. BROWN, DARUS, (P. O. address Homer, Cortland Co..) farmer 70. Buckley, Chas., farmer 50. BUTTS, JUDE, carpenter and farmer 65. Campbell, Alonzo, farmer 83^. Cantine, Daniel, farmer 38. Cantine, Joseph M., (Locke,) farmer leases of David Cantine, 145. Cantine, Wm., shoemaker and farmer 7. Carpenter, Luther, carpenter and joiner and farmer 105. Carpenter, Sylvester, farmer 57. CHAFEE, MARTIN, (P. O. address Homer, Cortland Co.,) general mechanic. Chase, Godard, farmer 50. Chipman, Orson W., farmer 1. Clark, Sylvester, farmer 75. CLARK, SYLVESTER, (Locke.) farmer. Cleveland, Martin, (P. O. address Homer, Cortland Co.,) farmer 30. COLE, ALBERT REV., (P. O. address Homer, Cortland Co.,) pastor Baptist Church and farmer 2. COLLLER, RICHARD H., farmer 134. Collier, Willis, farmer 60. Crouch, Wesley L., (P. O. address Groton City, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 62. Cukin, David, farmer 24. Devoe, Geo. W., (P. O. address Homer, Cortland Co.,) farmer 2. Dickinson, Chas., (P. O. address Groton City, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 57. Dresser, Appleton, farmer 57. Dunbar, Thos., farmer 22. EATON, ELIJAH, (P. O. address Homer, Cortland Co.,) saw mill and farmer 200. EATON. NATHANIEL J., (P. O. address Homer, Cortland Co.,) farmer 211. Fleming, Mortimer, {with Smith,) farmer 40. Fleming, Smith, {with Mortimer,) fanner 40. FOX, HIRAM, farmer 51?^. French, Loren, farmer 58. French, Sophronla Mrs., farmer 31. PULTS, JOSHUA, (P. O. address Homer, Cortland Co.,) farmer 143. Gibson, Anson, {with George,) (P. O. ad- dress Groton City, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 152. Gibson, Geo., {with Anson,) (P. O. address Groton City, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 152. Goode, John, farmer 82>^. GRINNELL, JOHN, farmer 82. Grinnell, Wm., farmer 60. Hamblin, Shubel, (P. O. address Groton City, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 48. HARE, JOSEPH, farmer 100. HARINGTON, SHUBEL, (P. O. address Groton City, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 26,?^. Haskell, Samuel H., farmer 120. Haskell, Seih H., (P. O. address Groton City, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 4. Hatfield, DeWitt, (P. O. address Groton City, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 18. HATFIELD, FREDERICK A., (P. O. ad- dress Homer, Cortland Co.,) book- keeper. Hatfield, Ira, (P. O. address Homer, Cort- land Co.,) farmer 54. Hatfield, Peter, (P. O. address Homer, Cortland Co.,) farmer 165. Hathway, Ashbie E., (P. O. address Groton City, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 92. Hopkins, Martin, (P. O. address Homer, Cortland Co.,) farmer 100. HOWELL. EBENEZER, farmer 90. Hoxie, Isaac, millwright and farmer 193. Huraprey, Samuel, (P. O. address Groton City, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 50. INGALLS, HIRAM G., (P. O. address Groton City, Tompkins Co.,) dentist and farmer 60. Jacobs, Truman, (P. O. address Groton City, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 44>i'. Johnson, DeWitt, farmer 70. JOHNSON, LEVI, sawmill, painter and farmer 17. KEENAN, OWEN, farmer leases from John Gould, 84. Keenan, Patrick, farmer 53. King, Andrew J., (P. O. address Groton City, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 51. Ladd, Wm., (P. O. addregs Groton City, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 70. Laselle, Ezra, farmer 50. Maltbie, Geo., wagon maker and farmer 28. 230 SUMMER EILL—THR00P8YILLE. Maltbie, Daniel, farmer 65. Marble, Melvin, farmer 140. McMahon, Thos., (P. O. address Homer, Cortland Co.,) farmer 190. Milles, Columbus, farmer 65. Mix, P'rauciB, farmur 64. Morehouse, Hiram, farmer 120. Mosher, Albert, farmer 90. MOSHER, JOHN S., (P. O. address Hom- er, Cortland Co.,) farmer 27X- Moss, Frederick, farmer 50. NEWTON, CHAS., farmer 88. Perry, Cyrus, farmer .78. Peters, Albert O., (Peters & Son.) Peters, Geo. W., (Peters <& Son.) Peters & Son, (George W. and Albert O.,) grocers. Powell, Wm., farmer 75. Randall, Roswell, farmer 182. R.\NNAH, ELIJAH C, farmer 290. RANNEY, ALFRED, retired farmer. Ranney, Henry, farmer, 360. Richmond, Andrew, farmer 100. ROBINS, DANIEL J., farmer 100. Robins, Henry, (P. O. address Groton City, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 72. Robins, John S., (P. O. address Groton City, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 60. Robinson, Amelia Mrs., farmer 18. Rodee, Freeman, farmer 50. Rogers, Albert R., farmer 128. SHAW, DANIEL J., (P. O. address Groton City, Tompkins Co..) retired farmer 150. Shaw, Erastus, (P. O. address Groton City, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 125. Shaw, John, farmer 75. Sheldon, Aaron, (P.O. address Groton City, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 18. Skeel, Isaac, farmer 29. SMITH, EDWARD, (P. O. address Homer, Cortland Co.,) farmer 126. SMITH, HENRY, farmer 100. Smith, Lucius, (P. O. address Groton City, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 46. Smith, Wm., (P. O. address Homer, Cort- land Co.,) farmer 15. Sprouls, Mardeth, farmer 80. Stanley, Jennie Miss, farmer 25. Stayell, GroverS., farmer 1.35. Story, Daniel, farmer leases from Henry E. Ranney, 100. STUART, SIMEON, farmer 51?^. SWIFT, LEWIS M., justice of the peace, tanner and farmer 162. VAN BUSKIRK, CORNELirS, farmer 55. VanHusand, Jacob I., (P. O. address Gro- ton, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 4. Webster, Wm. R., (P. O. address Homer, Cortland Co.,) farmer 95. White, Merrick C., farmer 70. WILKIN8, AMOS, farmer 20. Wilkins, Wm. Rev., retired Baptist clergy- man and farmer 80. Wilkinson , Robert, farmer 99. Willis, Asa B., (P. O. address Groton City, Tompkins Co.,) farmer 60. WOOD, EZRA, farmer 76. There is but one post office in this town, viz., Thro&psville. Many of the residents receive their mail at Auburn, Fosterville, Monteztima, Port Byron, Sinnett and Weedsport, in adjoining towns. THROOPSVILLE. Abbey, Calvin, farmer 52. ATWATER, ERASMUS, dealer in heavy agricultural implements and farmer 150. Babbit, Francis, farmer 46. Barber, Benjamin H., farmer leases 70. Barber, Eunice Mrs., farmer 70. BELL, JOHN, justice of the peace and far- mer 170. BELL, JOHN W., farmer 80. Benedict, John, farmer 11. Benham, Wyatt, farmer 95. BOOTH, LUCIUS, larmcr 100. BROWN, JAMES, blacksmith and fanner 81. Burke, Michael, farmer 35. CALHOUN, JAS. N., farmer 100. CENTER HOUSE, Ludlow Williame, prop. CHASE, STEPHEN, farmer 83. Clark, Jas. M., farmer 2;30. Clark, Jeremiah B., farmer 170. Cole, Henry I., carpenter and farmer. Cole, Peter, farmer CO. Congliu, John, farmer 23. Convers, Roswell, shoemaker. Cooley, Asahel, farmer 85. Corigan, Patrick, farmer 107. CORWITH, JOHN H., farmer 14. Cowan, John S., farmer 45. Crofoot, Asa S., farmer leases 100. THROOPSVILLE—EAST VENICE. 231 Crofoot, Luther, farmer 60. Curtiss, John Ai, farmer 69. Dolan, Joseph, shoemaker. ECKERT, SOLOMON P., farmer 90. EldertoD, Edgar B., farmer 70. Ellis, John J., carriage maker. Fenner, Abram, grocer. Fiero, John G., farmer 50. Foster, J. Jr., general merchant and post- master. Frisbie, Augustus P., farmer 60. Frisbie, Charles, farmer 70. Galegher, Patrick, shoemaker. GIBSON, WILLIAM M., farmer 56. Gillen, John, farmer 10. Gillmore, DeWitt, farmer 115. Goodell, Agnes Mrs., farmer 44. Gwvnn, Wm. M., M. D., physician. Harlow, Gilbert V., farmer 70. Hayes, Timothy, farmer 50. HILL, SAMUEL, farmer 25. HINE, C. F., (if. M. Nine & Sons.) HINE, GEO. F., saw mill and lumberman. HINE, HENRY W., {R. M. Him & Sons.) HINE, REUBEN M.. (R. M. Nine cfe Som.) HINE, R. M. & SONS, (Reuben M., Henry W. and C. F.,) manufs. of agricultural implements. Hoag, Abram, gardener and farmer 20. HopKins, Anna H. Mrs., farmer 3. Hora, Michael, farmer 7. HOSFORD, MORTON, (E. Towner & Co.,) farmer 100. Houlin,Tho8., blacksmith. Kane, Patrick, farmer 42. Lamoreaux, Joel, farmer 55. Lont, Gideon, farmer 25. Lyon, Martin, farmer 48. Madden, Michael, farmer 53. MANRO, PHILIP A., farmer 180. MANRO, THOS. J., farmer 179. McCarty, Dr. Mrs., farmer 20. McCarty, Milan, treasurer Throopsville Cheese Factory and farmer 60. McCarty, Oriu, carpenter. McDonald, John, farmer 63. Miller, Benajah, farmer 55. Moroney, Jas., farmer 14. Mulcahy, Morris, farmer 43. Norton, Harry, farmer 82. Osborn, Byron E., M. D., physician. Peirce, Robert, farmer 15. Riker, Reuben, clothier. Ring, E., farmer 62. Runn, Ann Mrs., farmer 3. Schuyler, Franklin, carpenter. SMITH, HENRY M., farmer 223. Smith, Wm. B., wagon maker. Southworth, James M., carpenter and far- mer 7. Sperry, Elijah, farmer 8. STEWART, DAVID, miller. Sutton, Richard, shoemaker. Sweet, Hiram, farmer 53. Sweet, Vaughn, farmer 80. Taylor, Wellington S., farmer 42. Throopsville Cheese Factory, Ulysses Wright, president ; D. C. Wiggins, treasurer ; Milan McCarty, secretary. TOWNER, E. &Co., {Eleazer Towner and Morton Hosford,) blacksmiths. TOWNER, ELEAZER, (E. Towner & Co.) Van Keuren, Robert, farmer 104. Van Vliet, Wm., carpenter and farmer 14. WEBSTER, JAS. V., farmer 100. Weller, Nathaniel, retired farmer 11. White, Washington, farmer 50. Wiggins, D. C., treasurer Throopsville Cheese Factory. WILLIAMS, LUDLOW,prop. Center House and farmer 30. Wright, Ulysses, president Throopsville Cheese Factory. The post oflflce addresses of the residents of this town are as follows, viz., Eaut Venice, Owasco Valley, Poplar Ridge, Venice and Venice Center, in the town ; and Genoa, King'' is Ferry, Ledyard, Moravia and Sherwood^s, in adjoining towns. EAST VENICE. Aldridge, Homer, farmer 55. Arnold, Albert T., assessor and farmer ! Austin, Edwin, {Tifft & Austin.) Barber, Almeron, farmer leases 60. BURCH, ALVA J., farmer 72X. Bums, Patrick, farmer 1. CANNON, THOS., farmer 100. Close, Honry, farmer 8. CONGDON, CORYDON, farmer 111. Congdon, Warren, farmer leases 50. Covey, Elisha, farmer 120. Cresey, Albert, carpenter. Fox, Joseph, farmer 10. GRAY, EDWARD H., farmer 41. Gray, Jared F., farmer leases 64. Green, Alvah H., farmer 50. Green, Maria Mrs., farmer 1. 232 CA TUOA CO UNTT B USINESS DIRECTOR Y. FASHIONABLE GO MADE TO ORDER, IN FIRST CLASS STYLE, BY 11111 1 lAWlif, No. 4 State Street, Auburn, N. Y. f To gentlemen of taste and judgment, there is nothing more pleaeingnor really more necessary to their daily comfort, than dress that fits well, looks well, aiid wears well.— Fashion decrees this, and as taste and elegance are her handmaids, the nearer gentle- men's dress approaches the standard fashions of the day, so much more is it held in the estimation of those who appreciate a good personal appearance. SPECIMENS OF Mm Mmi designed and making to order THE PRESENT SEASON, are types of everything that is NEW, GRACEFUL AND BECOMIN&. The materials just received for the Custom Department, embrace the latest produc- tions of American and Foreign manufacture. The patterns and designs are new and imposing, and possess every qualification to render them acceptable to gentlemen desir- ing fashionable and genteel garments. N. B. — We buy no goods on credit, and therefore can sell cheap. THE CUTTING DEPARTMENT is under the supervision of the most experienced Cutters ; therefore, every garment that is ordered will be found faultless in fit, and the workmanship as lasting as the materials themselves. We have the Largest and Best Stock in this Market, embracing LATEST STYLES & NOVELTIES OF THE SEASON. EAST VENICE— OWASCO VALLEY— POPLAB RIDGE. 233 GUNSOLUS, L. v., farmer 185. HEATON, AMOS P., farmer 123. Heaton, Jas., farmer 85. HODGE, ABRAM J., farmer 108. HOLLEY. JUSTICE, farmer 101. UoUey, Manville E., farmer leases 104. HOLLEY, MAKCHENT D., farmer .50. HURLBUTT, AMOS, (Geuoa,) farmer 2,30. IIURLBUTT, AMOS J., (Genoa,) farmer with Amos. KIMBALL, GARRIE, farmer 111. Kimball, Isaac, farmer 50. Lester, Albert, farmer 75. Lester, Edwiu, farmer 00. Lester, Elias, farmer 90. Lester, Jlrastus, farmer 90. Lester, Erastus, (Genoa,) farmer 47^. Lester, Harry, blacksmith. LESTER, J. ALLEN, farmer 100. Lester, Norman, retired farmer. Lester, Orin, farmer 85. LESTER, VOLNEY, farmer 102. Loorais, David, (Genoa,) farmer 61. Mack, John, (Genoa,) farmer leases 80. MEAD, ALEXANDER, farmer 120. Morgan, Chas. A., farmer 13. Mosher, Arvid, (Genoa,) farmer 89, and {with Maryetta,) 110, and {with Hermon,) 28. MOSHER, HERMAN, farmer 186. Mosher, Maryetta, (Genoa,) {with Arvid,) farmer 110. MOSHER, NELSON, farmer 98. Mosher, Samuel, (Genoa,) retired farmer, life lease of 110. Mosher, Sebra Mrs., (Genoa,) -with Erastus Lester. Myers, John, farmer GO. Niles, Lorenzo, (Genoa,) farmer leases 107. NILES, RALPH H., (Genoa,) farmer 107. Nolan, Andrew, (Genoa,) farmer 7. Nye, Seth F., farmer 4. PERRY, ASAB., farmer 122. Raymond, Square, patentee of the Ray- mond Grapple Horse Fork, and farmer 90. SLOCUM, ELIHU, farmer 100. SMITH, ISAAC, farmer 150. Smith, Ray G., cooper and farmer 3. Smith, Ray G., (Genoa.) farmer 50. Smith, Tracy E., (Genoa,) farmer 60. Stanton, Harvey, farmer 50. Stephens, Ellen Mrs., (Genoa,) with Amos Hurlbutt. Stewart, Abuer T., farmer 50. Stiulwell, Ralph, farmer 25. Taber, Austin, (Genoa,) farmer leases 76. TABER, JOHN H., (Genoa,) farmer 76. Tabor, Geo., (Genoa,) farmer. TAYLOR, ABNER, farmer 120. TAYLOR, HENRY, farmer 115. Taylor, Noah, saw mill. Teeter, Robert, farmer 73. Tifft & Austin, {John Tift and Edwin Austin,) general merchants. Titrt, John, {Tift & Austin.) Vosburgh, John C, farmer 62. Westfall, Wm. M., (Genoa,) farmer 83)^. Whipple, Chas. C, (Genoa,) farmer 35^. WHITMAN, CALVIN, farmer 162. Whitney, Sauford B., farmer 87. WHITTEN, EZRA, farmer 159. Young, Geo. W.. postmaster and farmer 50. YOUNG, GILBERT A., farmer 182. Young, G. S., farmer 56. Young, Jas., farmer 65. Young, Jesse B., justice of the peace and retired farmer. YOUNG, JOHN G., farmer 101. Young, Phineas, farmer 21. YOUNG, THOS., farmer 120. OWASCO VALLEY. BOTSFORD, ELI N., (Scipio,) farmer 164. Howlaud, Edward W., (Scipio,) farmer 16. Jennings, Morgan, {with William,) farmer 125. Jennings, William, (with Morgan,) farmer 125. Mather, Charles, (Scipio,) farmer 60. Nostrandt, John M., retired farmer. PARKER, NELSON C, farmer 150. Perry, Henry, farmer 17>^. REED, JOHN J., (Scipio,) farmer 130. Sharp, Robert M., (Scipio,) farmer 3. SIGNER, JACOB, farmer 75. Slocum, Elisha, (Scipio,) farmer 8X- SPAULDING, JOHN, farmer 125. UTTER, ACHSAH MRS., farmer 116. Ward, Darwin, (Scipio,) {with Edwin,) far- mer 102. Ward, Edwin, (Scipio,) {ivith Darwin,) far- mer 102. Ward, Hiram, (Scipio,) farmer 86. POPLAR RIDGE. ANTHONY. JAMES, farmer 105. Anthony, Noble, farmer 50. Armstead, Francis, (Ledyard,) farmer 80. Armstead, Sarah, Mrs., farmer 66. ATWOOD, PARKER L., farmer 120. Batty, J. D. H.. farmer leases 162. BEARD, JOHN W., (Ledyard,) farmer 108. BEEBE, JOHNW., farmer 100. Boucher, Thos., farmer 10. Boughton, Edward H., (Ledyard,) photo- graph artist. BRILL, THORN, farmer 100. BROWN, RICHARD, farmer 101. Carter, James, (Ledyard,) farmer 42. Chase, Howard, (Ledyard,) farmer 70. Chase, James B., (Ledyard,) {with Joseph M..) farmer 140. Chase, Joseph M., (Ledyard,) (iviih Jas. B.,) farmer 140. COOK, NATHAN, farmer 150. Cook, Samuel G., farmer 93. Cuddeback, P. G., retired farmer. CULVER, A. J., farmer 110. Culver, Anson, farmer 70. CULVER, EDMUND C, (Ledyard,) farmer 80. Dean, Henry, (Ledyard,) farmer leases from Bradley Smith 100. Dean, Samuel, farmer 5^. DICKINSON, JOHN P., (Ledyard,) farmer 130. Dunaim, C, farmer 2. Ely, John P., (Ledyard,) farmer leases 42. Fell,E. H., farmer 49>r. Poster, Austin, tin shop. Fox, John, (Ledyard,) farmer 12. Gardner, Abiel, farmer 70. 234 CAYUGA COUNTY BUSINESS DIBECTORY. HAYDEN&LETGHWORTH No. O East (wCBiesec St., MANUFACTURERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN 9 addlery and Carriage Hardware. HKADQUARTERS FOR HARNESS & CARRIAGE TRIMMINGS Of every variety, which are nifered at the lowest prices to Harness and Carriage Makers, and all dealers in these goods in Cayuga Co., and warranted to give the best satisfaction as to quality. To H:^R,:isrEss i^^^kier-s We offer as specialties, Morse Blankets, S^heets and Fine l¥hips, Morse Collars, &c., &c, TO C^RRIJ^G-E M:A.KKRS, Our New Improved Fifth Wheel, Carriage Couplings, Genuine Philadel- phia Carriage and Tire Bolts, Carriage Wheels of the Best Make, je:rseiy hubs. The Lake Bending Works' Bent Work For which we are the only General Agents. LITTLEJOHNS COMPOUND TIRE, ARCMIMEDEAIV AXIiES, Now known as the best and strongest mac'e, and now much improved in finish. No axle made has ever had such success. BRIDGEPORT \^AR,R,ANTEE> SJPHIIVOS And others of the Best makes only. Sleigh Trimmings, Enameled Cloths, Leathers, ENGLISH AND AMERICAN VARNISHES, Superior to any others used. Orders by mail solicited. Prices given on any of our goods. All of our goods sold at "V^laLOl©s»«,l© or DEt.otAll. POPLAR RID OE- VENICE. 235 Gifford, Daniel H., (Ledyard,) farmer 30. GILES, AMOS, (Ledyard,) farmer 66. HAGARD. WM. R., (Ledyard,) farmer 182. HAINES, CHAS. W., (Ledyard,) farmer 140. HAINES, WM., farmer 101. HALSTED, REUBEN, (Ledyard,) farmer 125. Hart, John, postmaster. Herrinp;, Morris, farmer 3. HICKEY, PATRICK, farmer 100. HOAG, JARVIS, (Ledyard,) farmer 140. Hopkins, J. P., farmer 75. Howland, Jas. R., farmer 30. HOXIK, JAMES, (Ledyard,) farmer 122. UUSTED, JOSEPH, farmer 200. Jones, Geo., carpenter and joiner. JUDGE, ISAAC, farmer 102. Kellet, Wm., farvner 96. Kenyon, Eliza Mrs., farmer 75. LANDOR, GILES, farmer 145. Locke, Augustus, (Ledyard,) farmer leases from Mrs. Lydia Hoag 30. Locke, Edward, farmer 1. Meader, Joshua P., farmer 20. Meilroy, Hiram, (Meilroy <& Swart.) Meilroy & Swart, (Hiram Meilroy and Jas. Swart,} wagon makers. MEKEEL, ISAAC,(Ledyard,)farmer 23 and leases 208. MERRITT, DANIEL, farmer 240. MBRRITT, RICHARD, farmer 150. Merritt, Sarah Mrs., farmer 3^. Mitchell, David, (Ledyard,) farmer 10. Morgan, Nelson, farmer 28>^. MOSHER, CHAS., farmer 120. Mosher, Geo., {./ohn W. and Geo. Mosher.) Mosher, Henry, farmer 4. Mosher, John W., (John W., and Geo. Mosher.) Mosher, John W., and George, general MOSHER, LEWIS P., farmer 161. Mosher, Sidney, general merchant. Nichols, Jas., hotel proprietor. O'Neil, Mat, farmer 1. Owens, Jas., farmer 9. Parsons, Arthur, tin shop. Pearson, Robert, farmer 12. PECKHAM, DANIEL W., (Ledyard,) far- mer. PECKHAM, JOHN, (Ledyard,) farmer 130. PECKHAM, JOHN C, (Ledyard,) farmer leases from Mrs. Maria Mosher 42, Peckham, Sally Mrs., (Ledyard,) farmer 70. PINE, JONATHAN M., (Ledyard,) farmer 54. Proud, William, farmer 5. RATHBUN, GEO., farmer 110. Rathbun, J.W., farmer 97. Raymond, D., shoemaker. Rily, John, (Ledyard,) farmer 64. Ryan, James, (Ledyard,) farmer 43. SEARING, JOHN, (Ledyard,) farmer 220. Searing, John L., (Ledyard,) farmer. Sexton, Calvin, carpenter and farmer 2. Sexton, Isaac, farmer 96. SMITH, ISAIAH, (Ledyard,) farmer 100. Smith, Louisa Mra., farmer 10. Smith, Reuben, farmer leases 140. Snow, Francis, (Ledyard,) farmer50. Spiller, Mary A. Mrs.. (Ledyard,) farmer 15. SPILLER, WM., (Ledyard,) farmer. SPRAGUE, WM., farmer 118. STANDARD, JAMES, (Ledyard,) farmer 100. Stevens, Philip, (Ledyard,) farmer 23. Swart, James, (Meilroy ^. HUTCHISON, SAMUEL D., farmer 185. HUTCHISON, SILAS, farmer 160. Labar, Jacob, farmer leases 7.3. McLaughlin, James, farmer 1.30. MILLER, WM. E., farmer 100. Morgan, Harvey, (Scipio,) farmer 85. Mullally, Patrick, farmer .35. MURDOCK, LYMAN, farmer 319. Murdock, Lyman T., custom mills, paw mill, blacksmith and wagon shop and farmer 25. Norman, Joseph, farmer 80. OLNEY, HERMAN, farmer 100. Parks, Simeon, farmer 65. Parks, Simeon, farmer 92. Phelps, David, (witk Horace,) farmer 168. Phelps, Horace, {tvith David,) farmer 168. PIERCE, SMITH, farmer 100. Smith, Edward, tile and brick maker and farmer 27. Snider, Edwin, farmer 60. Storms, Perry, farmer 60. Streeter, Orlando M., farmer 61. TETER, PETER, farmer 122. Thompson, A. B., general merchant and farmer 133. THOMPSON. LOVELL, farmer 160. Tifft, John, farmer leases 150. TILLET, THOS. R., farmer 135. Tuttle, Kelsy, farmer 85. Waring, Sanford R., farmer 86. Winans, Chester, mason and farmer 2. Wood, Austin, farmer 50. Wood, David, farmer 85. WOOD, JAMES, farmer 100. WOOD, JONAS, farmer 115. Woodford, David R., farmer leases 1. ■VIOTOIEl.'S-. The post office addresses of the residents of this town are North Victory, Victory and Weatbury, in the town ; Cato, in town of Cato, and Bed Creek, Wayne County. NORTH VICTORY. Adle, Jonas, farmer 35. BAKER, FREDERICK, carriage maker and farmer 7. Barr, Wm., farmer 77. Benschoten, James, farmer 50. Blanchard, Benj., farmer 43. Blanchard, Oliver, farmer 15. BRUCE, ALFRED D., (Sterling,) farmer 50. Bruce, Ansel, farmer 50. Bush, George A., farmer 50. Carter, Chas., (Sterling,) farmer 14. Childs, D. R., grocery. Combs, Myron, farmer 50. Cornell, Mathew, farmer 100. DECKER, ISAIAH, (Sterling,) farmer 40. Decker, Jacob, (Sterling,) farmer 24. Decker, Peter E., (Sterling,) farmer 20. Dodge, Isaac, farmer 34?^. Dodge, James H., farmer 29^. Dundar, Alfred, farmer 875^. FIELD, HARVEY, (Sterling,) farmer 40. Field, John, (Sterling,) farmer 15. Frv, Richard, (Sterling,) farmer 41. FULLER, CHAS., farmer 50. Granger, Elisha, farmer 12. Hadcock, Dennis, (Sterling,) farmer 20. HOLCOMB, HEM.\N, farmer 50. Jackway, Israel, farmer. Jakway, Benj., farmer 120. NORTH VICTORY— VICTORY. 237 Jakway, Cynthia, {with Mary,) farmer 84. Jakway, Mary, (zvith Cynthia,) farmer 84. Jones, Nathaniel, farmer 150. KNAPP, CHARLES D., shoemaker and farmer 6. KYKENDALL, JAMES, postmaster and farmer 100. Lane, Judley, farmer 98. Lane, M. S., farmer leases 98. Mixer, Daniel S., farmer 63. Orr, John, (Sterlin;?.) farmer 62. Pclton, Stephen, (Sterling.) farmer 15. Rayuer, AnnaB. Mrs., farmer 13. Rayner, Joseph, farmer 12.3. Sarts, John, (Sterlinjr.) farmer 43. Shotwell, Abel, (Sterling,) farmer .39. SPOONER, EDGAR S., farmer 62. St. Crayx, Philip, farmer 52. STUMM, SEBASTIAN, grist mill and farmer 16. TELFORD, DAVID "W., farmer 190. Terwilliger, Cuyler, carpenter and joiner and farmer 100. Timerson, Christopher, (with Jacob,) far- mer 150. Timerson, Jacob, {xvith Christopher,) far- mer 150. Timerson, John, farmer 50. Tinkey, William, saw mill and farmer 15. Ures, Andrew, (Sterling,) general mer- chant and farmer 40. Vanhousen, John, farmer 135. Vanhurd, Jacob, farmer 50. Van Patten, Nicholas, farmer 115, Vanwie, William, farmer 135. Walker, Godfrey D., farmer .35. Wescott, P. P. blacksmith and farmer 4. Whitelock, Henry V., (Sterling,) farmer 114. WRIGHT, CORNELIUS, farmer 93. VICTORY. Abbott, Clarissa Mrs., farmer 28. BARTON. L., farmer 130. BEBBE, MALINDA MRS., farmer 100. Benedict, , farmer leases 100. Benedict, Smith, farmer 55. Benedict, Wm., farmer 60. BENTLEY, MICHAEL O., physician. BIRD, DANIEL, farmer 100. Bishop, Abram W., mason. Blaisdell, Henry, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 48. Blaisdell, Hiram, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer .33. BLAISDELL, WM. L., (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 48. Blanchard,Adlin Mrs., farmer 54. Blinn, John, farmer 37. BOGARD, JACOB, farmer 133. Brink, Chaa. L., farmer 50. BRUCE, GEO., (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 54. CAMP, PHILO, farmer 175. CAPPERNELL, BYRON, farmer 176. COLEMAN, AMBERT C, farmer 83. Coleman, AshbelB., farmer 80. Coleman, Chas., farmer 1,V. Coleman, Samuel, farmer 97. Combs, Chas., farmer 75. CONLING, JOHN, farmer 200. Cramer, John, farmer 50. Crandall, Barber, farmer 104. Crowell, Preston, farmer 100. Cummings, Ephraim, farmer 35. DeForest, David, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 46. DeForest, Wm. I., farmer 88. Dennett, Theodore, farmer 14. DERBY, HARRIS D., farmer 90. Dorsey, Michael, farmer 8. Doud, Guilford D., lime kiln and farmer 125. Douglass, Mills H., farmer 70. Downs, M., farmer 83. Driimmond, James, farmer 80. DRUMMOND, R. L., school commissioner. FAIRCHILDS, CHANCEY B., stencil plate cutter. Fee, Peter, farmer leases 40. PIERO, MILES, farmer 55. Follett, John, farmer 107j^. Foster, Geo. W., (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 38. French, Silas, farmer 206. GOODRICH, ALLEN H., farmer 12.3>^. GREGORY, JOHN F., farmer 25. Hagar, A. B. , ( Wm. Hagar & Son.) Hager, Mathias, farmer 115. Hagar, Wm., farmer 290. Hagar, Wm. & Son, {A. B. Hagar,) general merchants. HALSEY, ALONZO D., farmer 125. Hapman, John M., farmer 240. HARMON, CORYDON, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 82. HARRIS, ABRAM. cabinet maker. HARRIS, H. S., {Harris, Woodford <&■ Co.) farmer 109. HARRIS, WOODFORD & CO,, {Barid Woodford and H. S. Harris,) general merchants. Hawes, Chas. W., farmer 100. Hawes, John, farmer leases 100. HAWES, OREN W., farmer 65. Hawes, Peter Z., farmer 55. Ishara, David, farmer 30. Kirkpatrick, Arthur, farmer 34. Knapp, John P., farmer 83. Koon, Cornelius, farmer 100. Koon, John H., farmer leases 100. Ladd, Beaufort Rev., Presbyterian clergy- man and farmer 6. LANE, JONATHAN D., prop. Lane Hotel and farmer 38. LESTER, ALEX. M., harness maker and carriage trimmer. Lewis, Leonard, farmer 65. Lont, John, farmer 64. Mclntyre, Philip, farmer 115. McWithy, E. L., farmer 75. Mc Withy, John P., farmer 25. Mohan, B., farmer 13. Merritt, Evelyn, farmer 66^i. Miller, Austin, farmer 3. Monroe, Read, farmer 110. Moon, Sylvanus, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 72. MORLEY, ASAHEL, farmer 183. Morley, M. M., farmer leaaes 100. MURMAN, HENRY A., farmer 14.3. Ostrander, Henry, farmer 25. Ostrander, P. R., wagon maker. PARSONS, DANIEL, shoemaker. Parsons, Justin, cooper and farmer 8^. 238 CA TUG A CO VNTY B USINES8 DIRECTOR Y. H. J. E. ROFFEE, DEALER IN GROCERIES & PROVISIONS No. 1 35 State St., Atfiburn, IV. Y., Where you will find a large and select assortment of Cloice Family Groceries, Such as PORK, FIBH, Smoked Hams k Slionllers, Eggs, Green and Dried Fruit, Kerosene Oil, Wooden Ware, &c. Cas/i ^aid fov Ji'armers' Produce. In Poiit, Poiit Aplica, In sets or separate. A fine variety of real VALENCIENNES & THREAD HANDKERCHIEFS, Also in Plain, ncm stitched and Imitations. An Elegant V^ariety of Pombader Chemi- settes. Fringes in all shades. Rich Satin Gimps in colors. Velvets in Black and colors. Plush, Plush and Satin on Bias. Sole Agent for the Oroadway Corset. Also, Mine. FOYS, SAIWD- ERS, ALAMODE:, CIRCriiAR nORC: AND FRENCH CORSETS, for sale. Bradley's Empress Trail Hoop Skirt, expressly for Gored Dresses. A great variety for Ladies and Children. Waist Patterns cut, warranted to fit. 66 Genesee St., Aiibiirn, IV. T., Opposite Dr. Steel's Drug Store. VICTOR Y— WES TB UR Y. 239 Powers, C, farmer leases 73. Pulver, Adam, farmer 25. Pulver, James, farmer 63 j^. Reed, M., (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayue Co.,) farmer 25. ROBINSON, GEO. W., school teacher and farmer 58. ROOT, JAMES P., farmer 70. Rumsey, Joseph, farmer 50. Sabius, Wilber, farmer leases 84. Sayre, Wm. H., retired merchant and far- mer 170. Scott, A., farmer 25. Scott, Abram, farmer 50. Scott, Geo. C, farmer 45. Setas, Ransom, carpenter and joiner. Smith, David, farmer i;4, SMITH. EPHRAIM W., farmer 194. Smith, John H., farmer 4. Smith, Tho9., farmer 80. Smith, Wm., farmer 7. Sont, Gideon, farmer leases 104. Soules, John, farmer 75. Stahlnecker, Jacob, farmer CI. Stoddard, Joseph, farmer 50. Streeter, John, farmer 104. Teachout, Hiram, farmer 97. Thompson, D. W. Mrs., farmer 100. Thompson, Joseph, farmer 50. Thompson, Wm. W^ farmer 125. TRAVER, MARTIN, iarmer 75. Turner, DeWitt C, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 58. Turner, Reuben, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 03. Ure, Hosea Rev., Methodist clergyman and farmer leases 48>^. Vanauken, A. N. Mrs., farmer 73. Van Epps, James, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 65. Vanoernun, Abraham, farmer 10. Vanvanking, Millard, farmer 5. Vosseller, Geo., farmer 100. Wallace, Martha Mrs., farmer 50. Wallace, Thos., farmer 114. Wands, Wra. J., farmer 112X- WETIIERBY, ADDISON B., boot and shoe dealer, postmaster and farmer 3. Wetherbey, Lyman, farmer 45. Wilford, Erskine A., farmer 83. Wilkes, Archibald, farmer 3. Willey. B. B., farmer 100. Williams. James, (P. O. address Red Creek, Wayne Co.,) farmer 36. Wills, Piatt, farmer 65. WOOD, DEXTER, (with Smith D.,) farmer 137. Wood, Henry C, farmer 49. Wood, John A., farmer 102. WOOD, SMITH D., (with Dexter,) farmer 1.37. Woodford, Alonzo, (Woodford & Son.) WOODFORD, DAVID S., (Harris, Wood- ford c& Co.,) supervisor of town. Woodford, Joseph, ( Woodford & Son.) Woodford & Sou, (Joseph and Alonzo,) blacksmiths. WESTBURY. Acers, Allen, produce dealer. Andrews, James, saw mill. Bacon, Adolphus, farmer 69. Bacon, Jacob, farmer 32. Burghdurf, Anthony, farmer 31. Cox, Thos., farmer 80. CRAMER, CHANCEY, farmer 216. Cramer, John M., farmer 55. DUTCHER, RUSSELL R., farmer 18. FITCH, EUGENE D., farmer 30. Fitch, John O., farmer 94. Fleming, Ransom, farmer 94. Green, Philander H. Rev., Christian clergy- man and farmer 83. Green, Samuel, farmer 44. Grctt, G. C, physician. Griswold, Chancey, farmer 62. Hals-ey, Daniel L., farmer 50. HISERODT. JOHN, farmer 180. HYDE, LANSIN i JR., farmer 100. Knittiii, Daniel, farmer 70. Koon, Reuben, farmc" 2>^. Mi'nninij, Wm., farmer 80. Miller, Wra. II., wagon maker. Parsons, John, shoemaker. PINCKNEY, DANIEL, farmer 100. POLLARD, JOSEPH, farmer 100. Smith, John, farmer 10. SPICKSMAN, BENSON, farmer 150. Sprague, Edward B., farmer 40. Sprague, John, postmaster. Treat., ltu-*gell, farmer 95. Vanderpool, Chas., farmer 65. Wade, Michael, (Conquest.) farmer 86. Whitlock, Alfred, farmer 45. 240 CAYUGA COUNTY BUSINESS DIBECTORY. iir®A©U! JACOB MILLER Respectfully informs Printers^ Publishers and the public generally, that he is prepared to execute all styles of IN THE BEST MANNER, ON SHORT NOTICE, AND AT LOW RATES. BLANK BOOKS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION MANUFACTURED TO ORDER. Bound in every style of the art. Particular attention paid to First Class R. U L 1 9 In all its branches. Old books re-bound neatly and substantially. In short, EVERY BRA.ISrCH OE TV^ORK Connected with the l,aslne8s, done in the best manner, and at reasonable prices. Orders Solicited, and Promptness and Satisfaction Guaranteed. JOURTyfAI> BVII^DING, 23 & 24 WASHINGTON ST., SYRACUSE, N. Y. IE SEST m TIE WORLD, FOR NOTICE 'I is PERFECTLY SELF-ADJUSTING. has the only perfect C;OG WHEELS for Wringers in u^e. has ADJUSTABLE CLAMPS to fasten it to any shaped vesseL 8 frame is made of MALLEABLE IRON, coated so as NEVER TO RUST. 8 ROLLS are of the best ALL-WHITE Rubber possible to be had. is made in the most perfect manner, and will outlast TWO OF ANY OTHER KIND OF WRINGER HE WORLD. I is warranted with proper usage to be as good for use at the end of a year as when first bought. Every (;er is warranted. ■ringers Repaired in the Best Manner and on Short Notice. HALLENGE WASHING MACHINE 30,000 SOLD IN THREE YEARS, id Every One G-iving tlie Most Perfect Satisfaction. Warranted to wash EASIER, QUICKER AND BETTER, and with LESS WEAR to the Clothes than ther Machine or process ever known. Every Machine WARRANTED to give PERFECT SATIS- riON. end for Circular giving ONE THOUS.^ND references and GENUINE recommendations. I S. W. PALMER & CO., 242 CAYUU.l VOUXTY nUSlNKSS DIIiKCTOIiY. mm PiiUMBii, GAS & m 'I'lif Sub!»cribei' would lespcct fully call iiif allciilioii of llic (.itizens ofAiilmrn, and all who may want wurk done in their line, to tlieir facilities lor doing all and every kind of Plumbiiiir, Oas and Steam Fittin','. in a manner that will pleai^e. Cloitern Puiupfs, Batli Tubs. Bollerni, Water C'loNet$», Wa«>h BowIn, Brat'kets, Pendants, Cliandeliers, and all kinds ol Plumber"* Braes Work constantly on hand. Special Attention paid to Laying Cement Pipe, and satisfaction warranted in a:l cases. f^^r" All our work it- done by ourselves, and with the view to please our patroni«. — Ordered from the couuiry, as well as the city, respectfully solicited, and will be promptly attended to. Rubber }Tose, Eartlien Ware Pipe. Galvanized Pipe. Iron Pipe. Lead Pipe. Sheet Lead, &c., Ac, on hand. Lewis Bulldiii;^', curlier Bill and Water Stct. DANIKL KAVANAUGH. THO.MAS DAILY. JAMES McNlCOL. .^gent. W. 0. CORY, TIN SMITH, Aiirora, Cayuga County, N. Y., DEALEK IX TINWARE &. HARDWARE. Job Work in my line pi-oniptly attended to hi/ sUlUful tiofkmen. I'rices as Low as any house in Western New York. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED. \m V;ORMER &c MCGARVEY. AL3AMY. N. Y. 244: CAVnaA COUNTY BUSINESS BlcCECTORY. 1838. „, „„ 1868. 89 Genesee St., Auburn, N. Y. '.i].«iiswiiiiii MANUFACTURERS OF Ready Made Clothing, .A.ivi> i>t:,vlii:rs i>^ Clotls, Cassliiieres, Testiip, & Men's FnrolsMji Gcofls. Our Custom Department is mider the Supervision t f the best Artists, and all garments are made after the latest and most ap- proved styles. Reasons for Purdiasing of Us. 1. We have but one price for all goods sold. 2. We warrant every article to l)e as represented, or the money refunded. 3. We manufacture our own clothing, and every garment is in- spected by a practical tailor. 4. We discard shoddy and poorly made ckthing. 5. We sell at the lowest possible price. Thankful for the patronage extended to us through so many years, and a constantly increasing business, we hope to merit a continuance of the same. F. L. GRISWOLl), ClIAS. P. FITCII, JU8TLN L. BARKER, MARK H. ORISWOLl). AUBURN. .A.xj:oxjEt3>r. 245 Abbott, Chas., (Aurelius,) farmer 175. Abbott, Clara Miss, music teaclier, bds. 23 E. Genesee. Academic High School, fronting Academy and Garden, Warren Higley, A. M., principal- Grosvener Hopkins, Miss Sarah E. Sedgwick, Miss U. L. Sittser, Geo. M. King, assistants. Ackerman, Elias C., (Morgan & Ackerman.) ADAMS, CHARLES L., (Myers & Adams.) Adams, John, g;rocerie3 and provisions, 59 Franklin. ~ Adams, John, (Owasco,) farmer 68J^. Adams, Silas, (Fleming,) farmer 150. Adolphus, Jacob, ladies' furnishing store, 119 Genesee. African Methodist Zion Church, Washing- ton, near Orchard, Elder John Ander- son, pastor. AlbertBon, Daniel W., (Owasco,) carpenter. *ALDEN & CO., (Milton Alden, J. Monroe Alden and Geo. J. Letchworth,) props. Auburn Agricultural Works, 27 Water. ALDEN, J. MONROE, (Alden & Co.) Alden, Loyal W., alio, physician and Bur- geon, office 78 Genesee. ALDEN, MILTON, (Alden & Co.) ALEXANDER, AUGUSTUS, boots and shoes, 12 North. Alford, H., (Palmer & Alford.) Allen, Frederick, books and stationery, 67 Alien, Gordon W., ((?. W. Allen & Co.) ( Woodruff, Allen <& Co.) Allen, Richard J., (G. W. Allen & Co.) Allen, G. W. & Co., (Gordon W. and Rich- ard J.,) saw mill, Owasco. Allen House, State cor. Van Anden, Allen, prop. ALLEN, WM., lawyer and postmaster, law office Genesee cor. North. Allen, Wm., (Aurelius,) milk dairy and far- mer 40. Almv, Bradford, principal No. 1 school. ALMY, BRISTOL & CO., (Aurelius,) (Hen- ry Almy, J. 8. Bristol and Henry Fra- zee,) props. May Flower Mills, (flouring,) 87 State. ALMY, HENRY, (Aurelius,) (Almy, Bris- tol & Co.) Alt, Peter, hair dresser, basement Wes- tern Exchange Hotel, Genesee. American Express Office, 121 Genesee, Chas. S. Trowbridge, agent. ♦AMERICAN HOTEL, 141 Genesee, Hiram L. Swift, prop. American Tract Society, depository at C. P. Williams' book store, 97 Genesee. Anderson, John Elder, pastor African Meth- odist Zion church. Anderson, Joseph, stoves and tinware, 23 North. Anderson, Michael, (Owasco,) farmer .39. Anderson, Wm., trunks and packing boxes, 2 and 4 Genesee. O ANDREWS & BALL, (Henvy W. Andreivs and Chas. W. Ball,) hat3,.caps and furs, 133 Genesee. ANDREWS, HENRY W., (Andreivs dcBall.) Andrews, J. E.. groceries, 93 State. Andrus, Daniel, lawyer, (not ptactising,) residence 10 Washington. Antone, Nicholas, mason^ residence 98 Mechanic. Archibald, K. Miss, dressmaker, residence 11 Port. Arldon, Timothy, (Aurelius,) farmer SO. Armstrong, Alvah, mason, residence 87 Lewis. Armstrong, Samuel W., farmer, Aurelius. Armstrong, David H., alio, physician and surgeon, office 13 South. ARNETT, SILAS W., hardware, 39 Gene- see. Arnold, Josiah, eclectic physician, 84^ Van Anden. Ashby, Benjamin, prop. Western Exchange Hotel, Genesee cor. Exchange. Atkins, Richard K., (Aurelius,) farmer leases farm of J. C. Reed. ♦AUBURN AGRICULTURAL W0RK8,A1- den & Co. props., 27 Water. AUBURN CITY NATIONAL BANK, Au- gustus Howland, president ; Charles G. Briggs, cashier; Wm. H. Meaker, teller ; Charles O'Brien, book keeper ; 65 Genesee cor. North. Auburn Cornet ■ Band, N. H. Kennedy, *AUBURN DAILY ADVERTISER AND UNION, (daily,) and AUBURN JOUR- NAL, (weekly,) Knapp & Peck, props. Geo. W. Peck, editor, 118 Genesee. Auburn Fair Ground, Genesee c Division. ♦AUBURN FILE WORKS, 19 Market, H. G. Thornton, prop. Auburn Gas Company, 116 ©enesee, Ed- ward H. Avery, president; Henry S. Dunning, secretary, treasurer and su- perintendent. AUBURN PAPER MANUFACTUEING COMPANY, Clark, Josiah N. Stariu, president; Albert H. Goss, treasurer; Samuel N, Carhart, agent; office 94 Gr6I16S6G ♦AUBURN ■ PLUMBING, GAS AND STEAM FITTING WORKS, Lewis Building, cor. Dill and Water, Kavan- augh. Daily & Co., props. Auburn Post Office, 123 and 125 Genesee, Wm. Allen, postmaster. Auburn Publishing Co., (E. G. and H. L. Storke and W. W. Sittser,) book pub- lishers, 16 Clark. ♦AUBURN SAVINGS INSTITUTION, Dr. S. Willard, president ; John Olm- etead, vice president ; N. Beardsley, attorn^ ; Charles P. Wood, treasurer ; E. H. Townsend, assistant treasurer ; 72 Genesee. 246 CA YOGA COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECT'OR Y. DENTISTRY ! lU Colfliafle Block, &eiesee SI, Artm, N. Y. See large Gill Signs, G. W, Tripp, Dentist. CHARDSO 1 ]\tANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN (jz:sTjkMLi©iiEr> irs^ i«i2.) Hftving enlarped their Ware Rooms, now ofler a lara;e and complete Stock, which will he sold at LOW PRICES. PARLOR AND CHAMBER SUITS. Extension Table.*, Side- boards, Eta".'eres, M'hatnots. Escritoires, Brackets, Turkish and Oriental Chairs, Mall Stands, Lounges, Patent Spring Matrasses, Marble Top Tables and Fancy Stands in great variety. A full line of Common Furniture and Chairs, i Ware Jtlouse junction of South and Exchange Sts., Aiiburu, N. Y. AUBURN. 247 Auburn State Prison, State opp. Chapel. Auburn Tool Co., G-o. Casey, president; Nelson Fitch, secretary; Nicholas Ca- eev, treasurer ; 50 Owasco. AUBURN WATER WORKS CO., capital $10U,000, Sylvester Willard, president; Albert H. Goss, secretary and treas- urer, office 94 Genesee. AUBURN WOOLEN CO., C. N, Fearing, president ; Wm. G. Wise, secretary and treasurer; Samuel R. Rathbun, a^ent, Mill. Austin, Harvy, (Sennett,) farmer 69. Austin, Horace S. Mrs.., nurse, 22 Nelson. AUSTIN, J. M., {Coddington & Austin.) Austin, J. M. Rer., Universalist clergy- man, 10 William. AUSTIN, SEDGWICK, (Sennett,) farmer 230. Avery, Edward H., {Cox & Avery,) presi- dent Auburn Gas Co. Babbett, Avery, iron founder and machinist. Mechanic. Babbitt. Mortimer C, (Fleming,) farmer 62. Babcock, B. F., superintendent tariff de- partment, M. U. Express Co. BABCOCK, ELI P., {Babcock & Hitchcock,) (Aurelius.) Babcock & Hitchcock, {Eli P. Babcock and Harvey Hitchcock,) (Aurelius,) black- smiths. Babcock, Jesse, (i^is/t & Babcock.) BABCOCK, M. v., boots and Rhoe8,79 Gene- see. Bailey, H. E. Miss, millinery, 49 Genesee. Bailey, Josiah P., (Howlet & Bailey.) Baker, Ambrose, (Owasco,) farmer leases 4. Baker, Chas. A., truss and supporter. *BAKER, DARIUS O., life and fire insu- rance and pension agent, deputy U. S. internal revenue collector, Genesee cor. North. Baker, David, (Aurelius.) farmer 93. Baker, Geo. C. W., (Owasco, 1 farmer .30. Baker, H. E. Mrs., milliner, 193 Genesee. Baker, John T., tobacconist, 75^ Genesee. Baker. Wm., broker and real estate agent, 115 Genesee. Baldwin, Chas. H.. {Ohleiser & Baldwin.) Baldwin, Daniel, lawyer, 79 Genesee. BALL. CH.^S. W.. {Andrews & Ball.) Ball, Henry R., (Sennett.l farmer 1.34. Ball, Leverett, patent right dealer, bds. 9 Genesee. Bame, John P., (Fleming,) farmer leases 25. Bame. Wm., (Aurelius,) farmer 60. BANCROFT, C. W., {E. H. Northrop & Co.) Banker & Coddington, {Evgtne I). Banker and Alex. C. Coddington,) carpenters and builders, cor. Dill and Water. Banker, Eugene D., {Banker & Codding- ton.) Banks, M. Mrs., boarding house, 9 State. BARBER, C. EUGENE, {Reynolds, Barber & Co.) {Barber, Sheldon cfc Co.) BARBER, GEORGE E., {Josiah Barber & Sons.) BARBER, JOSIAH & SONS, {Wm. C. and George E.,) manufacturers of woolen goods and carpeting, Washington cor. N. Y. C. R. R. Barber, Sheldon* Co., (C. Eugene Barber, Franklin L. Sheldon, Chas. L. Sheldon and Henry Morgan,) sole manufactur- ers of the Archimedean axles, office 53 State, shop Prison. BARBER, WM. C, {Reynolds, Barber & Co.) {Josiah Barber & Sons.) Bard, Darius A., (Sennett,) farmer 25. Barden, Allen J., {White & Barden.) BARKER, JUSTIN L., {F. L. Grisivold & Co.) Barnes, David, {Clark <& Barnes.) Barnes, John, (Fleming,) farmer 120. BARNES, W. H.. (Aurelius,) superinten- dent Auburn Paper Manufacturing Co. *BARRETT, STEPHEN H., plumber, gas and steam fitter, 8 State. Barth, Peter, shoemaker, 23 Genesee. Bartholomew, C. G., photographer, 99 Gene- see. Bassett, Adolphus, (Owasco,) boot and shoemaker. Beach, EphraimG., (Fleming,) farmer 100. Beach, Joseph, farmer, Franklin. Beach, William N., (Fleming,) farmer loO. BEARDSLEY, A. G., (Pmneroy, Beardsley and Tracy,) secretary Cayuga Chief Manufacturing Co. Beardsley, Chas. ».. farmer 75. BEARDS-LEY, NELSON, president Cayu- ga Co. National Bank, also attorney at Taw. BEARDSLEY, WM. C, treasurer M. U. Express Co., and prop. Richardson's Iron Works. Beattie. J. C. keeper in State Prison. BEAUCHAMP, MATHEW, (Sennett,) far- mer 1. Becker, D. Edgar, {Becker & Hamblin.) Becker & Hamblin, {O. Edgar Becker and Amasa B. Hamblin,) job printers, cor. Genesee and State. BEECHIN6, WM. H., groceries and pro- visions, cor. Wall and Division. Bell, Thos. J., keeper at State Prison. BELL. ROBERT, {Bell <& Van Dimn.) Bell, Robert Jr., stereotyper, residence 73 Clark. *BELL & VAN DUSEN, {Robert Bell and Oeo. A. Van Dusen.) livery, 24 Garden. Bemis, Chas., produce dealer. State opp. Prison. *BENCH BROS. & LEONARD, {George and William Bench, and Geo. W. Leon- ard 2d.,) carriage makers, 20 E. Gene- see. BENCH, GEORGE, {Bench Bros. & Leon- ard.) BENCH, JOHN. (Owasco,) farmer 10^. BENCH, WM., {Bench Bros. <& Leonard.) Benedict, Nathan S., (Sennett,) farmer 100. Benham, Asa B. Rev., (Aurelius,) Metho- dist Episcopal clergyman and farmer 14. Benham, Vincent B., (Fleming,) farmer 54. Bennett, John, {P. Bennett <& Bro.) Bennett, Joseph C, tailor, 78 Genesee. Bennett, M. L. Miss, dress and cloak ma- king, 64>^ Genesee. Bennett, Patrick. {P. Bennett dk Bro.) Be nett, P. & Bro., {Patrick and John,) stone quarry. Cottage. *BENTLEY, A. C. MRS., milliner and dress maker, 55 Genesee. Berry, Jabez, (Sennett,) farmer 32. 248 CA TUOA COUNTY B U8INESS DIRECTOR Y. i@S¥i~4Sii Naples, Ontario County, N. Y., DEALER IN ALL KIND 8 OF '?> Crape Vines, ONE & TWO YEARS OLD, Warranted Genuine Varieties, M of Goofl Size & Vipromi Growlli. My Roots are grown in a Sandy Loamy Soil, and out of doors, and are hardy enough for any locality. PBICES EXTREMELY LOW, Ani Lfteral Delnctloii to tlie Trafle, to Pnrctiasers of Larp (juantitles. I have a splendid assortment of ONE AND TWO YEAR OLD Isabella Roots, Particularly adapted to this Section. JS^ Credit given on good approved notes. R. BLACK & CO., Saloon & Restaurant No. 40 STATE STREET, ^xjBunisr, - - isr. Y. Guests will be accommodated with the choicest dainties of the season. Game, Fish, Meats, Oysters, Vegetables, &c., served up in the best style. Our Bar will at all times be stocked with the choicest brands of WINES, BRAiroiES, LIQUORS & 0I6AES. AUBURN. 249 Berry, Reuben Rev., 86 Wall. BETTYS, JOHN JR., (Hyde & Bettys,) 76 Genesee. Bills & Foote, (Wm. S. Bills and Stephen Foote,) marble works, 13 Genesee. Bills, Wm. S., (Bills & Foote.) Bisliop, Putnam P. Rev., pastor First Bap- tibt church. Black, Archibald, private school, 3S Owasco. ♦BLACK, R. & CO., (Robert Black and W. I. Honey,) restaurant, 40 State. BLACK, ROBERT, (R. Black & Co.) BLOOM, RICHARD H., (Sartwell, Hollister <& Co.) Bloomer, Theodore, (Sennett,) gardener and farmer 20. Bluefield, Cortland, (Aurelius,) farmer leases 96. BlHefield, John, (Aurelius,) farmer 96. Boardman, S. W. Rev., pastor Second Presbyterian church. Bockes, Dennis, principal No. 4 school. Bostwick, Henry H., pension and bounty agent, U. S. Commissioner, 97 Genesee. Bowen, Henry W., painter and music teach- er, 13 Huffman. BOWEN, JAMES V., (BoiMen & Vail.) BOWEN, SETH L., mason, 103 South. BOWEN & VAIL, (Jas. V. Boiven and Wm. E. Vail,) lumber dealers, 20 Garden. Bower, Aaron, (Fleming,) farmer 9C. Bower, John S., (Fleming,) farmer 105. Bower, Robert W., (C. G. Briggs & Co.) Bowker, Jefferson, (Aurelius,) farmer leases 140. BOYCE, C. W., M. D., physician, 18 South and 7 Exchange. BOYNTON, DAVID H., (Owasco,) agent for patent sheep feeder and farmer 6. Boynton. Wm., patentee, 22 South Fuiton. Bradley, Lewis, (Sennett,) butcher. Bradley, Silas L., yankee notions at whole- sale, 80 Genesee. Bradley, S. L. Mrs., treasurer Cayuga Co. Orphan Asylum. Brainard, John Rev., rector St. Peter's church. BRANNICK, EDWARD, (Farrelly & Bran- nick.) Brannick, Luke, gruard at State Prison. Bray & Co., ( Walter Bray Jr., and Charles White,) harness and trunks, 23 Genesee. Bray, Walter Jr., (Bray & Co.) Bray, Walter Mrs., dress maker, 23 Gene- *BRIGGS, C. G. &C0., (Chas. G. Bnggs, Chas. D. Hibbard, Robert W. Bower,) china, glass and earthen ware. 111 Genesee. Briggs, Chas. G., (C. G. Briggs & (7o.) cash- ier Auburn City National Bank. BRIGGS, LANSING, alio, physician and surgeon, 159 Genesee. Brinkerhoff, Caroline Mrs., (Owasco,) far- mer 60. Brinkerhoff, George N., (Owasco,) farmer 65. BRINKERHOFF, JOHN I., alio, physician and surgeon, cor. Genesee and South. Brinkerhoff, John I., (Aurelius,) farmer 118. Brinkerhoff, Josiah B., (Aurelius,) farmer, with John I. Brinkerhoff. BRINKERHOFF, T. S., alio, physician and surgeon, 2 Garden, cor. North. Brinkerhoof, David, (Owasco,) farmer 160. Brister, James, boarding house, 21 Acade- my. Bristol, John 8., school commissioner, 27 Division. BRISTOL, J. S., (Aurelius,) (Almy, Bristol & Co.) Broderick, Edward, (Throop,) farmer 7. BROOKS, H., dry goods, furs &c., 85 Genesee. Brooks, William, (Fleming,) farmer 90. Brown, Chas. W., (Aurelius,) farmer 62)^. Brown, Cyrus E., (Fleming,) farmer leases 120. BROWN. D. F., principal Brown's Com- mercial College, cor. State and Dill. Brown, George W., jeweler and watch maker, 51 Genesee. BROWN, HORATIO J., (Brown & Lee,) president of Mutual Savings Bank. Brown, John S., alderman Auburn city. Brown, Jonas, (Cornwell iJ'. Brown, M. L., A. M., principal Young La- dies' Institute. Brumelkamp & Hern, (.John Brumelkamx> Jr., and Wm. H. Hern,) gents' furnish- ing store, 131 Genesee. Brumelkamp, John Jr., (Brumelkamp and Hern.) Bullock, Reuben, guard at State Prison. Bump, Salmon, (Owasco,) farmer .35. Bun, William, (Sennett,) farmer 12. Bundy, Willard D., fish and oysters, base- ment 1 State. BURDICK, ORIN H., (D. M. Osborne & Co.) Burdick, R. P., guard at State Prison. Burgess & Brother, (Charles and Clossum P.,) oil refiners, Munroe near N. Y. C. R.R. Burgess, Charles, (Burgess and Brother,) cor. Washington and Orchard. Burgess, Clossum P., (Burgess ^. Case, Milford, (Fleming,) farmer 52. Case, Volney, (Fleming,) farmer 65. Casey, Francis, physician, bds 124 North. Casey, George, president Auburn Tool Co. Casey, Nicholas, treasurer Auburn Tool Co. Castner, Richard, (Throop,) farmer 130. CAULKINS, CHAS. A., local editor Au- burn Daily Advertiser and Union. Caulkins, T. N., physician, 189 Genesee. *CAYUGA CHIEF MANUFACTURING COMPANY, C. Wheeler, Jr., president ; A. G. Beardsley, secretary and treas- urer, foot McMaster, N. Y. C. R. R. Cayuga Co. Bible Society, depository at C. P. Williams' book store, 97 Genesee. CAYUGA CO. NATIONAL BANK, Nelson Beardsley, president ; JosiahN. Starin, cashier; A. L. Palmer, teller; 43 Gene- see. Cayuga Co. Orphan Asylum, Owasco, north of Walnut; Mrs. O. F. Knapp, Ist directress ; Mrs. D. Hewson, 2d direc- tress: Mrs. T. Nelson, 3d directress; Mrs. S. S. Goss, secretary; Mrs. 8. L. Bradley, treasurer; Mrs. H. Wilson, provider; Mrs. J. C. Rogers, superin- tendent ; Mrs. Cyrenus Wheeler, re- cording secretary. ♦CENTRAL HOTEL, J. L. Tyler, prop. 50 State cor. Water. Centra! Presbyterian Church, near cor. Genesee and William, Rev. Henry Fow- ler, pastor. Chamberlain, Julius A., (Aurelius,) farmer 200. Chandler, E. V., guard at State Prison. Chapin, Henry R., grocer, &c., 7 North. Chapman, Michael, dealer in groceries and liquors, 11 Genesee. Chappcl, Solomon N., confectioner and dining rooms and billiards, 93 Genesee. Chase, G«o. R., North, farmer 14. Chedell, John, hardware, 73 Genesee. Chedell, John H., president Syracuse Na- tional Bank. *CHENEY, H. N., horse sheer, 24 Dill. *CHOATE & BROTHER, (John & Thomas N.,) hardware dealers, 92 Genesee. Choate, E. S. Mrs., hygienic physician, TO 06n6S6G. CHOATE, GEO. R., (Ten Eyck & Choate.) CHOATE, JOHN, (Choate & Brother,) al- derman 3d ward. Choate, Nathaniel W., (Olmsted & Choate.) CHOATE, THOMAS N., (Choate & Broth- er.) Christian, Isaac, (Owasco,) farmer 14. Christian, W. Dr., (Owasco,) farmer 111. CHURCH, JAMES, (Sennett.) farmer 54. Church of the Holy Family, (Roman Catho- lic, )west of North, between Chapel and Van Anden, Very Rev. Thomas O' Flaherty, pastor. CLAPP, EMEROUS D.,(CTa;>p . Clapp, John K. Tallman,) livery and hack stables, 26 and 28 Dill, 1st door from State. Clark, A. L., carriage maker, Seminary Avenue, near Genesee. Clark & Barnes, ( William C. Clark and David Barnes,) masons, 89 State. Clark, Geo., gardener 12. Clark, John, (Sennett,) farmer 68. Clark, John S., General U. S. A., residence 122 North. Clark, Nelson D., keeper in State Prison. Clark, Orlando S., mason, bds. 76 Van An- den. CLARK, NOAH P., deputy postmaster. Clark, Smith D., guard at State Prison. Clark, Wm. C, (Clark & Barnes.) Clark, Thos. J., (Aurelius,) farmer 74. CLARY, CHAS. A., (Throop,) farmer85. Clary, John S., in charge of insurance de- partment, Seward's Banking House. Clemence, Mary Mrs., cloak maker, 9 Washington. Cleveland, Chester, (Aurelius,) horse train- er and leases Cayuga Co. Fair Grounds. Clock, Stephen, (Throop,) farmer 10. Coalman, Michael, (Owasco,) farmer 20. Coalson, Catherine, nurse, 12 Church. COAPMAN, JOHN, (Aurelius,) larmer leases from John W. Coapman 200. Coates, Chas. E., lawyer, justice of peace and police justice., 91 Genesee. Cobb, Ebenezer B., boots and shoes, 91 Genesee. Cobb, Edwin H., keeper at State Prison. Coddington, Alex. C, (Banker & Codding- tort.) CODDINGTON & AUSTIN, (E. B. Cod- dington and J. M. Austin,) carpenters and builders, over Lewis' livery stable, Water CODDINGTON, E. B., (Coddington & Aus- tin.) 252 CA YUOA CO XJNTT B USINESS DIRECTOR Y. Auburn Agricultural Works ! ALDEN & CO. ALDEN'S PATENT Ml IftiM Mm. Awarded the Sold Medal at the National Trial. Has received first premiums at numerous State, County and Towti Fairs. Selected as best in the United States for the Paris Exposition. A complete Marker, an excellent Ililler, a perfect Cultivator. It has been thoroughly tested. GOLD MEDAL SPRING STEEL TOOTH SULKY RAKE. STEEL PLOWS of Improved Form, difi"erent eizes, Cast Iron Plows, Field Cultivators, Steel Gang Plows, Cultivator Steel Points to fit Plows in peneral use. With our increased facilities and long experience, enable us to furnish Implements made from the best materials, at moderate prices. A.i^r>i:?«f «fe CO., 27 Heater Street, Auburn, N. Y. GARRETTS & BEARD, WHOLESALE DEALERS IN Writing, Wrapping, Tissue, Roll & Fancy FSmTERS' SUPPLIES OP khh KINDS, ►+♦-< Comtry Dealers Supplied with Envelopes and Stationery at New York Prices. SYRACUSE, ]Sr. Y. AUBURN. 253 Codmer, Egbert, (Aurelius,) paper maker. Coffin, Frederick M., portrait and land- scape artist, 116 Genesee. Coffin, Josiiua, (Sennett,) farmer 15. Coffin, Josliua B., (Sennett,) machinist. Coffin, P.M. Miss, private school, 17 Grover. Cole, J. D., mason. ♦COLLINS, CHAS. steam boiler repairer,89 Mary. Colvip, Josiah, (Aurelius,) farmer 50. Comstock, Lyman L., deputy county Condit, Jonathan B., D. D., professor at Theological Seminary. Conklin, Barton J., livery. 19 Water. Conklin, Benson, (Aurelius,) agent patent fence and reels and farmer 13. Conklin, John K., (Owasco,) retired far- mer -2^. Conwell & Brown, (Carto« F. Conwell & Jonas Brown,) groceries and provisions. Garden, near N. Y. C. R. R. depot. Conwell, Carlos P., {Conwell & Brown.) COOK, HORACE T., lawyer, county treas- urer and justice of peace, also vice president of Mutual Savings Bank. COOK, TENBROOK B., (Owaaco,) farmer 65. Cooley, E. B., wholesale and retail pro- vision store, 83 State. Coon, Geo. W., broom maker, 21 Canal. Coope, John W. Rev., 102 North. Cooper, William M., (Sennett,) farmer 4X. Cootes, Chas. E., lawyer, 91 Genesee. COPP, GEO., (Throop,) farmer leases 130. Corning, Andrew T., (Fleming,) farmer 7. CORN WELL, DANIEL, (Pearson & Corn- well. ) COVENTRY, CHARLES, (S. W. Palmer & Co.) Coventry, J., (P. V. R. Coventry & Co.) COVENTRY, P. V. R. & CO., (P. V. R. Coventry/ and J. Coventry,) dealers in tobacco and cigars, 12 Genesee. Cowell, Albert, mason, 107 West Seymour. Cowell, Myron, farmer, 67 Division. Cox & Avery, {James R. Cox and Edward H. Avery,) lawyers, 103 Genesee. Cox, James R., {Cox g. ^ ^ p ^ Hi hJ P' CO fD a> P^ vl • ^ Manufactured and Sold by iii t m. ®f ASSiaiSTEES OF PATENT, o. 77 STATE STREET, ^xjBTJi^isr, 3sr. IT. The Grindstone is adjustable to any desired angle, and slides the length of the frame, while the knife or cutter bar is secured to a swinging frame in such a position to the Stone, that every section of the knife can be accurately ground to a uniform bevel with great facility. This invention overcomes the great difficulty experienced in sharpening Reaper Knives, and must soon come into general use by all farmers using Machines. AUBURN. 255 Dcvoe, Thomas, (Owasco,) farmer 30. Dexter, Benj. B., boarding house, 27 W. Genesee. Dickinson, Harrison T., {Skinner, Otis & Co.) DIETZ, MAETIN, grocery and saloon, 28 North. Dimon, David, physician, » Water. Dimon, Theodore, alio, physician, office and residence 5 State. Dirker, John Dr., prop. Dirker's Pulmona- ry Balsam, office 35 Lincoln. Ditton, Francis, harness and trunks, 6 Mechanic. Dixon, Moses Jr., (Sennett,) farmer 100. Dodge, David L., alio, physician, residence and office 10 James. DODGE, JOHN A., {Dodge & Stevenson Manufacturing Co.) *DODGE & STEVENSON MANUFAC- TURING CO., John A. Dodge, presi- dent ; Israel F. Terrill, Henry G. Tomp- kins, Geo. J. Letchworth, Jacob A. Polhemus, trustees ; manufacturers of mowers and reapers, cor. Washington and N. Y. C. R. R. Doile, John, (Fleming,) farmer 46. Dolan, James, saloon and boarding house, 32 Chapel. Dolphin, James, blacksmith. Academy. Dongall, Alexander, (Fleming,) farmer 105. Douglass, J., {Burt, Simpson <& Co.) Dowling, Dauiel, liquor dealer, 57 North. Dowling, Patrick, (Owasco,) farmer 47X- Doyle, James, carman, 58 Cottage. Doyle, Lofty, (Owasco,) farmer 10. Dovle, Thomas, (Throop,) farmer 7. ♦DRAKE, HORACE M., confectionery, bakery, ice cream and dining saloon, 2 North. DREYTHALER, JOSEPH, groceries and provisions, corner Canal and Lewis. DRIGGS, J. F. & CO., {John F. Dnggs and Stoddard Driggs, jdealers in and manu- facturers of patent rights, cor. Genesee and Market. DRIGGS, John F., {J. F. Driggs <& Co.) DRIGGS, STODDARD, (/. F. Driggs & Co.) Duboc, Mary C. Mrs., teacher of French embroidery, 17 Garden. Duckett, Margaret Miss, (Aurelius,) dress- maker. Dummett, Elizabeth Mrs., groceries and liquors, 35 North. Dunbar, Samuel, (Throop,) farmer 4. DUNHAM, D. PRANK, dining saloon, basement of 16 North. Dunham, John, keeper at State Prison. Durn, Gay & Co., (of Syiacuse,) boot and shoe manufacturers at State Prison. DUNN & HART, (./ames G. Dunn and James Hart,) groceries and provisions, 76 State. DUNN, JAMES C, {Dunn & Hart.) DUNN, 'rmO'^., {Purser & Dunn.) DUNNING, HENRY S., (Aurelius,) justice of peace, superintendent, secretary and treasurer Auburn Gas Light Co., and farmer 1.57. Dunning, Joseph W., {Terrill, Johnson <£ Co.) Durston, Charles F., lawyer, 111 Genesee. Durstou, Joseph, (Owasco,) farmer 70. Duryee, Nathaniel, (Aurelius,) farmer 100. Dwight, Chas. C, {Dwight & Davie.) D wight & Davie, {Charles C. Dwight and John T. M. Davie,) lawyers, 116 Gene- see. DWYER, MARY MRS., saloon keeper, Owasco. Eaman, E., keeper at State Prison. Easterbrooks, Geo. J., mason, 16 E. Sey- mour. Eaton, Lewis W., bill poster and bill paint- er, 13 North. EDSON, DELANO A., (Fleming,) super- visor and farmer 120. Edson, Merick, (Owasco,) (estate,) RO. Edwards, Robert W., (Throop,) farmer 12. Eeverets, John S., (Sennett,) farmer 100. Elderton, Henry C, meat market, 42 North cor Market. Elliott, Alexander B., tobacconist, 12 State. *ELLIOTT, JARVIS L., druggist, 7 East Genesee, agent for the Great United States Tea Co. Elliott, John, soap and candle factory, 27 Garden. ELLIOT, JOHN, (Sennett,) farmer 00. Ellison, Richard, (Owasco,) carpenter and farmer 3. Ely, George, (Owasco,) farmer 17. ♦EMBODY, DANIEL A. MRS., millinery, 123 Genesee. Empire Mills, office State, cor. Clark. Enos, Eben E., keeper in State Prison. Erhart, Geo., mason, 1 Francis. Evans, Morris, gardener, 102 E. Genesee. Everts, D. P. G., (Burt, Simpson & Co.) Ererts, Wm. 0.,{Burt, Simpson & Co.) Fanning, G,^., (Kennedy & Fanning.) Farmer, Jotm, Moravia, owns farm 5. Farmer, John W., (Fleming,) farmer 99. Farmer, Josiah, (Fleming,) farmer 14. FARRELLY & BRANNICK, (Philip Far- relly and Edward Brannick,) black- smiths. Water. FARRELLY, PHILIP, (Farrelly & Braii- nick.) Pay, Ed\vin R., {Fay & Peabody.) Pay & Peabody, (Edwin R. Fay and Wil- son Peabody,) insurance and real estate agents, 87 Genesee. FEARING, C. N., president Auburn Wool- en Co. Femald, G. W., keeper in State Prison. Ferris, Chas., (Aurelius,) farmer 49>^. Ferris, Julia Miss, private school, 107 Gene- see. Fiero, Christopher, city express, 30 Lincoln. Fiero & Hitchcock, (Peter Fiero, Chas. A. Hitchcock,) hairdressers, 96 Genesee. Fiero, Peter, (Fiero & Hitchcock.) First Baptist Church, Genesee, east of South, Rev. P. P. Bishop, pastor. First M. E. Church, Rev. Wm. Searles, pastor. FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF AUBURN, 129 Genesee, Elmore P. Ross, president ; Chas. N. Ross, cashier. First Presbyterian Church, cor. North and Franklin, Rev. Chas. Hawley, D. D., pastor. First Universalist Church, cor. South and Lincoln, Rev. R. Fiske, pastor. 256 CAYUGA COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY. Ivdlrs. "W. PI. KEOTOPIKIISS, 3Vo. 13 South ©t., JLuVmrn, Pf. "S"., Stamping, Braiding & Embroidering. Children's Patterns of all kinds Out to Order. Siamped WorK of Every Description, Edgings, Needle WorK, Ruffling, &c., &c. Trinming of all KINDS FOB LADIES' & CHILDMEN'S CZOTMING. A Select Assortment always on hand. Ladies will find it to their advantage to call before purchasing elsewhere. L. & C. WHITE, PLANING, MATCHING & SAWING. "Work Done Well and on Short Notice. Persons coming from a distance can have their lumber to take back. Also, BUILD- ING LUMBER CONSTANTLY ON HAND. Mills in Montvtlle, 1-2 Mile east of Moravia Village. A.. H. & E. I>. QUIGLEY, TR.XJ:iS^.A.]SrSBXJR,C3-, N". Y., De.Hlers in all Kinds of J!k^ C3r C3r 11^ C3r I AND EVERY DESCRIPTION OF STONE Kept in our Quarries delivered on the shortest notice. Delivered by Canal or Railroad from Cayuga Bridge, Quarry near Frog Point Landing, on Cayuga Lake. SENECA COUNTY ALE DEPOT ! OUDFOOT, RECTIFIER, IMPORTER, AND WHOLESALE DEALER IN FAL.L STREET, SENECA FALL.S, N. Y. N. B.— Agent for GREENWAY'S CELEBRATED ALES. Warranted pure, and will be sold as low as good goods can be sold. AUBUEN. 257 Fish & Babcock, {John D. Fich and Jesse Babcock,) groceries and provisions, 31 Genesee. Fish, John D., (Fish •& Babcock.) Fiske, Richmond Rev., pastor First Uni- versalist Church. FITCH, CHAS. P., {F. L. Grisivold & Co.) Fitch, Nelson, {Wadsworth & Co.,) secre- tary Auburn Tool Co. Fitzgerald, Dennis, saloon, 30 North. Fitzgerald, Michael, groceries, 55 Van Anden. Flagler, Isaac V., books, stationery and music, 7 State. Flannery, John, sergeant of the guard at State Prison. Flinn, John, saloon keeper, Owasco. Flinter, John, (Ov^asco,) farmer 3. Foley, Michael, (Aurelius,) farmer 40. Fonda, G. H., guard at State Prison. Foot, Daniel, (Fleming,) farmer 46. Foote, Stephen, (Bills & Foote.) FORD, CHARLES P., (Sartwell, HoUister &Co.) *FORD, EDWIN L., ladies furnishing store and agent for the Howe sewing machine, 66 Genesee. Fosgate, Blanchard, alio, physician, and manufacturer of patent medicines, 129 Genesee. Fosgate, Wm., lawyer, 129 Genesee. E\)sterj^ Amos G., (Aurelius,) farmer 150. FOSTER. CHAS., (Aurelius,) farmer 143. Foster, Wm. H., coroner. Fowler, David T., (Fowler, Davis & Hoyt.) Fowler, Davis & Hoyt, (David T. Fowler, James T. Davis and Stephen C. Hoyt,) grocers, produce and seed dealers, 1 North. Fowler, Henry, carman, 44 Division. Fowler, Henry Rev., pastor Central Pres- bvterian Church. FOWLER, JOHN G., groceries and pro- visions, 25 W. Genesee. FOWLER, JOHN 8., mayor of Auburn, groceries and provisions, 94 Genesee. Fox, Nahan, agent for T. L. Kingsley & Son, 109 Genesee. Francis, Lewis G., photograph gallery, 109 Genesee. Francisco, Clarissa & Co., (Clarissa and Eliza,) dress makers, 10 Clark. Francisco, Eliza, ( Clarissa Francisco <& Co.) Frazee, Henry, farmer. Division. Freeland, Ambrose, (Owasco,) farmer 35. Freese, Rebecca Mrs., (Aurelius,) farmer 12. Frier, William, (Sennett,) brick maker and farmer 35. Fries, Adam, (Sennett,) farmer 33. FRIES, DAVID, (Sennett,) farmer 136. Frisbie, Charloite Mrs., (Sennett.) farmer 2. FRISBIE, EARL T., (Sennett,) farmer 173. Frost, Robert, mason, Thornton, near Fitch Avenue. Fry, M. H. Miss, children's clothes, 5 Court. Fry, Wm. H., (Sennett,) proprietor Union House. Frye, Moses M., (Owasco,) farmer 200. Fuller, John W., guard at State Prison. Furman, A. L., cooper. Wall. Fursman, E. Mrs., dress and cloak maker, 75 Genesee. Gallup, Eli, alderman, carpenter and build- er, 12DiU. Garamell, C. H., tailor, 23 Genesee. Gardner, B. H., keeper at State Prison. Gardner, Harmon, carpenter and builder. Gardner, Robert R., (Moraback . T. aFO^WLEIt,'© OX^l> STAT»J^r>.) LADIES' SALOON ON FIRST FLOOR. IVarm Meals at all liours. Cliolcest Brands of Ales Sc Cigars* Parties and Weddings supplied with Plain and Ornamental Cakes and Pastry on shortest notice. Oysters at Wholesale and Retail. P 1 No. 50 STATE ST., COR. WATER, ^XJBTJRlNr, JNT. Y, J. L. TYLER, Proprietor. Tills House is nearest the Depot, and is pleasantly arranged for guests. GOOD STABLING ATTACHED. C'A YUOA COVNTT B USINES8 DIRECT OB 1' 261 1 854>. 1 868. L. G. MANKf & OO.^ CITY INSURANCE OFFICE Over tl»e Auburn Savins* Institulioii, No. 72 Oonesee St., .A.UBUR]Sr, - - INT. ^5r. General Insm^ance Agency for Cayuga County. Life, Fire and Aecidentnl Rishs in the Best StocJc dinipnnics. All Losses Adjusted and Promptly Paid. L. C. MANN. H. C. MANN. ' W. II. MEAKER, l^i GENERAL REAL ESTATE AND PENSION AQENCY. Real Estate Bought, Sold & leased on Commission, SOLDIERS' CLAIMS, Back Pay, Bounties and Pensions Collected. AH AppSieatioBis will refeire Prosnpf Atten- tion. Also, Coniniissjonci* oi* Decd§. 262 CAYUGA COUNTY BUSINESS DIEECTORY. CHOATE & BROTHER DEALKRS TN i| 1 gl'OW, g. Lead Pipe, Sash, Glass, de. Also, Manufacturers of TIN, COPPER & SHEET IRON WARE, ALSO DEALERS IN COOIINd&PARLOE STOVES. 92 Genesee Street, Aiiburii, N. Y. JOHN CHO.\TE. TIIOS. N. CHOATE, Dfiit.CiiElI.Sll.Bef., CLAIM AGENT, Real Estate & Insurance Agent, and Notarf Public, Cor. Genesee & North Sts., Auburn, N. Y. AkmU for the foilowinc: Companies : .ETNA, of Hartford ; PHCENIX. of Hartford ; HOME, of New Haven; ENTERPRISE, of Cincinnati ; CAPITAL CITY, of Albany. Life Insurance Companies : MUTUAL BENEFIT, of New Jersev; NEW YORK LIFE, of New York City. STos. 22 &; 24 DILL ST., The undersigned respectfully announce to the citizens of Cayuga County, and all others wishing ork done in their line, that they have oi)ened a shop at the above place for the purpose of carrying » the CARRIAGE MAKING BUSINESS in all its branches. With an experience of over twenty years, and using none but the best materials, and having a isire to please, they hopefully to satisfy all who may favor them with their psitronage. Particular Attention paid to Painting, Triniiulng- and Fiulslilng Coun' •y "Work. JOB WORK in our line promptly and well done, and at lowest living rates. J. F. CRAM & CO. F. CRAM. \VM. R. JONES. C. B. QUICK. 264 r A VUG A COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY. BIRKE, FITZJiilMOX S, HOA E & CO., Importers, Jobbers and Retailers OF m\ GOODS AND FANCY GOODS, AND MANUFACTUUEKS OP f IVos. 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 Nortli St. Faul Street, K^OOHEISTEI^, - - TV. Y^. Having established the most extensive Di-y Goods House in the Slate outside of New York City, we can oft'er advantaj^es. to buyers of Dry Goods unequalled by any other deaK'rs in the country. We import directly and keep constantly on hand full lines of Broche and Paisley Shawls; Pim Bros. Genuine Irish Poplins, Black and Colored Silks ; Irish Linens and Lace Curtains : Lupius'"Merinoe8 and Alpacas ; Hilgers' Celebrated Broadcloths and Doeskins. Our Block of the following goods is always full and complete : Cloaks, Sacques and Mantillas ; English, French and American Cassimeres ; Genesee Falls Cassimeres, "our own make ;" Mohair and Cashmere Dress Goods ; Shaker and Ebenezer Flannels ; White, Scarlet and Opera Wool PMannels; Damask Table Cloths and Towelings ; Napkins, Doylies and Wine Cloths : Linen Sheetings and Pillow Casings ; 3-4, 4 4,5-4, B-4, 7-4, 8-4, 9-4, 10-4, and 11-4 Cotton Sheetings; French, American & Scotch Ginghams ; English, French & American Calicoes M'oolen and Cotton Yarns; Blankets, Quilts and Counterpanes; Ileal Laces and Embroideries; Swiss Nainsook and Victoria Muslins: Fancy Goods and Yankee Notions; Bibbons and Trimmings; Hosiery, Wrappers and Drawers; Balmoral and Hoop Skirts; Ac, &c., &c., &c., «S:c. Our Jobbing business, which now extends from the Eastern portion of the State to the "Far West," offers inducements to city and country Merchants equal to any house in the United States. In addition to our ad'vantatres as Manufacturers and direct Impor- ters, we have the sale of several makes of Brown Cottons and Woolen Mills in this locality. Price Lists and Samples furnished on application, and orders sent by mail or entnisted to our agents, will receive prompt attention, and Dealers can rely upon purchasing ol us the year around At New York JoB>)l>ers' Prices. AUBURN. 265 Hibbard, Chas. D., (C. O. Briggs A Co.) Hickey, John, liquor dealer, 45 North. HICKSON, JOHN, {Peat & Hickson.) Higley, Chester, (Owasco,) farmer 4. Higley, Warren, A. M., principal Academic High School. Hill, Ackley, keeper at State Prison. Hill, Esther Mrs., groceries and liquors, 73 Mechanic. Hilliard, John. (Throop,) miller. Hilliard, Wm. T., (Throop,) miller. HINMAN, JOHN H., groceries and provi- sions, 6 State. Hiser, John, farmer, York near State. Hitchcock, Chas. H., (Fiero <& Hitchcock.) Hitchcock, Harvey, (Aurelius,) {Babcock <£ Hitchcock. ) Hoagland, Josiah Y., agent for D. M. Os- borne. HOUL, ANTON, (Fleming,) farmer 40. HOLLISTER, WADSWORTH, {Sartwell, HoUister & Co.) Holme!", Henrv, grocer, 67 Clark. Holmes, Zebulon, keeper in State Prison. Hompe, Martin H., saloon keeper, 53 North. Hompe, W. H., boots and shoes, 66 Me- chanic. HONEY, VV. I., {R. Black <& Co.) Hood, Peter, (Sennett,) farmer 65. Hopkins, Qrosvener, teacher Academic High School. Hopkins, Lansing, (Throop,) farmer 130. Hopkins. Peter W., lawyer, residence 1.32 North. Hopkins, Samuel, D. D., professor at The- ological Seminary. Hopkins, Stephen G. Rev., bds. 38 Canal. Hopping, Caroline W. Mrs., millinery, 37 Genesee. Horle, William, (Owasco,) farmer 17)^. Hornbeck, John, {Sworts . 3f. Osborne <£ Co.) *OSBORN, JOSEPH, druggist and insu- rance agent, 71 Genesee. O'Shea, Elizabeth Mrs., groceries and liquors. 141 State. Ostcrhout, Ira, (Fleming,) farmer 45. OSTERHOUT, JAMES E., (fan Dusen & Osterhovt.) Ostrander, Geo. R., carriage manufacturer, Lewis. Otis, Joseph D., (Skinner, Otis (6 Co.) Owen, T M., (Sennett,) farmer 90. Paddock, Lewis, real estate dealer, 6^ Canal. Page, Jas. D., (Throop,) stock dealer and farmer 25. PALMER. A. L., teller Cayuga Co. Na- tional Bank. PALMER & ALFORD. (J. V. Palmer and II. Alford,) groceries and fruits, 13 South. Palmer, Allen, (Fleming,) farmer 20. Palmer, George W., ticket agent, N. Y. C. R. R. PALMER, GEO. W., (Walker ck Palmer.) PALMER, J. ¥., (Metallic Plane Co.) PALMER, J. v., (Palmer and Alford.) PALMER, NELSON, (Metallic Plane Co.) PALMER, SIDNEY W.. (S. W. Palmer <& Co..) (Metallic Plane Co.) ♦PALMER, S. W. & CO., (Sidney W. Pal- mer and Charles Corentry,) washing machines, wringers and clothes dryers, Mechanic. Parker, George, groceries, fruits &c., 3 Ex- change. Parker, Horatio N., (Sennett,) farmer 100. PARKER, NORMAN, (Parker, Steele and Oreeno,) auctioneer. PARKER, STEELE & QUEEN O, (Norman Parker, Geo. C. Steele and Barid P. Greeno,) auctioneers and commisiion merchants, 3 State. Parks, Jim. (Leivis and Parks.) Parsell, David, (Owasco.) farmer 160. Pastara, Christian, (Fleming,) farmer 18. Patee, Eliphalet, (Owasco.) farmer 290. Patten, James, carpenter and builder, Franklin. PATTEN, JOHN E. meat market, 1 Gene- see, cor. Market. Patty, John, (Aurelius,) carman. Paul, Ephraim A., (Aurelius,) farmer .50. Payne, Francis W., (Sennett,) farmer .30. Payne, Lydia Miss, assistant at Young Ladies' Institute of Auburn. Payne, Nelson, (Senne(t,) farmer 107. Payne, Robert T., books and stationery, 1,36 Genesee. PAYNE, L. E., lawyer, 103 Genesee. Peabody, Nelson, (Fay & Peabody.) Peacock, James H., (Peacock & McDorvell.) Peacock & McDowell, (James II. Peacock and John McDowell,) grocers, 35 Gene- see. Peacock, Thos., grocery, 22 Mechanic. Peacock & Wiggins, (Sennett,) ( Wm. Pea- cock, Jr., and Lewis Wiggint,) brick manufacturers. PEACOCK, WILLIAM, JR., ( Sennett, ) (Peacock A Wiggins.) AUBUBN. 271 Peareon Bros., (Uriah N. and David S.,) ^(Aurelius,) grocers. PEARSON & CORNWELL, (/. A'. Pearson and Daniel Cornwell,) coal and wood dealers, 30 State. Pearson, David S., (Pearson Bros.,) (Aure- lius.) PEARSON, I. K, {Ptarson & Cormvell.) Pearsou, Wm. Mrs,, dress and cloak maker, 85 Wall. Pearson, Uriah N., (Aurellus,) (Pearson Brothers. ) ♦PEAT & HICKSON, {Robert Peat and John Jlickson,) undertakers, 4, 6 and 8 Market. *PEAT, ROBERT, (Peat & Hickson,) fur- niture dealer, warerooms, 4, 6 and 8 Market, PECK, GEO. W., (Knapj} .,) meat market, cor. Geneses and Seminary Areuue. Pratt, Homer D., (E. J. Pratt ira?i,) blacksmiths, 72 State. PURSER, RICHARD, (Purser & Dunn.) Putnam, Aaron W., pianist, Canal near Lewis. Quick, Abraham, (Owasco,) carpenter and farmer 1. QLUCK, CHAS. B., (J. F. Cram and Co.) Quick, Henry V., (Quick & Hoskins.) Quick & Hoskins, (Henry V. Quick, James H. Hoskins,) general insurance agents, 94 Genesee. QUICK, I. W.. (Hussey dk Co.) Quick, Philip M., (Throop,) farmer 18. Quigley, Cornelius, (C. & W. Quigley.) Quigley, C. & W., (Cornelius and rVm. F.,) boots and shoes. State. Quigley, Mary Mrs. liquor dealer and saloon keeper, 3 Garden. Quigley, Thos., saloon, 7 Clark. Quigley, Wm. F., (C. A W. Q'dgley.) Quill, Jerry, boarding house, 59 Hulbert. Quinn, Mrs. Catharine, dress maker, 31 North. Quinn, Peter, (Sennett,) farmer 16. Radcliflfe, William, (Sennett,) farmer 43. *R,\EISH, ALBERT, marble works, 38 State. Rasgin, Denis, (Owasco,) farmer 35>^ Rains, Geo.. (Sennett,) farmer 10. Rathbun, Franklin, draughtsman, 3 Huff- man. Rathbun, Geo., State, farmer 20. Rathbun, Geo., (Rathbun Jb Sittzer.) Rathbun, Geo. O., lawyer, 81 Genesee. RATHBUN, SAMUEL R., agent Auburn Woolen Co. Rathbun ^. Strong, Julia A. Mrs., ( Webster <& Strong.) STRYKER, WINPIELD S., (Throop,) far- mer leases 120 Stupp, Michael, boots and shoes. Wall. Sullivan, John, (Aurelius,) tailor. Sutcliffe, Henry C, brewery, 88 Clark. Sutphen, Peter, principal No. 2 School. *SIjTTON, wm! J., druggist and apothe- cary, 107 Genesee. STJYDAM, JAMES A., harness and trunks, 86 Genesee. Suvdam, J, Watson, (Fleming,) farmer 51)4 . SWAIN, DAVID W., boots and shoes and saloon, 1 Dill. Swain, John B., (Throop,) farmr-r 7. SWAN, GEO. A., -ewsroom, 95 State. SWART, WALTER, blacksmith. Swartwort, Daniel, (Owasco,) farmer 166. Swift, Charles E., homeopathic physician and surgeon, 138 Genesee, cor. Wil- liam. ♦SWIFT, HIRAM L., proprietor American Hotel, 141 Genesee. Swift, Ira, farmer. South near toll gate. Swift, Peter, groceries and saloon, 11 North. Swift, R. B., speculator, bds. American Hotel. Sworts, George, (Sivoris & Hornbick.) S worts & Hornbeck, (Oeo. Sworts, John Hornbeck,) hair dressers, over 115 Gene- see. Talbot, Edwin G., merchant, 305 Genesee. Talbot, J. S., ladies' furnishing goods, 113 Genesee. TALLMAN, JOHN K., (Clapp & Tollman,) (E. D. Clapp & Co.) TALLOWDAY,NEL80N,(Anrelius,)boot8 and shoes. TALLOWDAY, WILLFRED, (Aurelius,) painter. Tanner, Mary Miss, tailoress. 9 South. Tanner, Wm., guard at State Prison. Taylor's Hotel, (Sennett,) John C. Taylor, proprietor. Taylor, JohnC, (Sennett,) proprietor Tay- lor's Hotel. Taylor, S., dealerin hides, 89 State. TEN EYCK & CHOATE. (Geo. H. Ten- Eyck and Oeo. E. Choate,) coal hod and tin manufacturers, cor. Water and Dill. TEN EYCK, GEORGE H., (Ten Eyck <£ Choate.) TEN EYCK, WM. S., (Sennett,) farmer. Tenny, Henry C, (Aurelius,) farmer 1)4. Terrill, Frederick M., (Terrill, Johnson & Co.) TERRILL, ISRAEL F., (Dodge «««iny,) whole- sale dealers in hardware, 84 Genesee. Terwilliger, Chauncey H., (Sennett,) car- penter. Terwilliger, Elisha, (Owasco,) farmer !><■. The National Bank of Auburn, Genesee, opposite State, James S. Seymour, president, Corydon H. Merriman, cashier. Theological Seminary of Auburn, Henry Mills, D. D.. Jonathan B. Condit, D. D.. Edwin Hall, D. D., Samuel Hop- kins. D. D., Ezra A. Huntington, D. D., J. E. Pierce, D.D., professors. 276 PUBLISHEE'S NOTICES. PUBLISHER'S NOTICES. The New York Central Insu- rance Oo., located at Union Springs, is doing a prosperous and successful bnsinees. It is a local institution, and we believe is largely patronized by the farmers and oth- ers of Cayuga, as well as of adjoining coun- ties. They have a capital of $100,000, with a surplus of $65,000. The Board of Direc- tors is composed of several of the leading men of the County. This fact alone shouM inspire confidence in the minds of all. See card, page 156. D. H. Scboonmaker, Oyster Deal- er, No. 7 North street, Auburn, advertises on paee 160. He is supplied from the largest dealers in the country, and can fur- nish customers to order with Oysters in the shell, keg, can or solid measure. Hayden JBrotliers, Proprietors of the Retail Woolen Mills, at Port Byron, have long been celebrated as being manu- factuiers of durable and reliable goods. The establishment was started in 1824 as a small local custom mill. Since then the greatly increased business has called for extensive additions and improvements which have been made ; and to-day their cloth is known and worn in every county in the State and every State in the Union. They use only the best qualities of wool, entirely free from waste or shoddy, and em- ploy only experienced and careful work- men, who strive to maintain the good reputation their goods have ever borne among their retail customers. It is hardly necessary for us to advise the farmers or business men of Cayuga County to pur- chase their cloth. The_y are doubtless all well acquainted with its merits already. See their card, page 206. A. T. Walley & Co., Drnggiets and Apothecaries, cor. Genesee and State Sts., Auburn, keep all varieties of pure drugs and medicines, all the leading and popular Patent Medicines, pure Wines, Liquors &c., which they are anxious to sell at the lowest market rates. Call and see them. Card on page 160. S. H. Barrett, Plumber, Gas and Steam Fitter, No. 8 State street. Auburn, attends to all kinds of work in his line with dispatch and at reasonable rates. See card on page 160. C. Ij. RouUfds & Co., of New Hope, manufacture Horse Rakes, Wheelbarrows, &c., at wholesale and retail. See card, page 142. A. G. Wheeler, Dealer In Boots and Shoes, at No. 8 East Genesee St., Auburn, has a fine store well stocked with good goods in his line, as may be learned by ref- erence to his advertisement on page 140.— His illustrated rebus is instructive, and doubtless will afford amusement and profit to mti.ny ,—amuseinent in deciphering the puzzle, and profit in learning where to pur- chase good goods for a little monev. Mrs. A. C. Bentley, Fashionable Milliner, over 55 Genesee St., Auburn, ad- vertises on page 142. She does good work, keeps good goods and is bound to please her customers. Give her a trial. Mrs. P. A. Fuller, at Moravia, is a Milliner of deserved popularity. Her cus- tomers come from all the adjoining towns, and at home her reputation is of the best. She keeps a good assortment of goods, and will strive to please all who favor her with their patronage. See card, page 142. The Dodge & Stevenson Manu- facturing Co., at Auburn, manufactur- ers of Dodge's Patent Mowers, and Mowers and Reapers, advertise on page 136 and 137. This establishment is one of the largest of the kind in the country, and their machines are owned by thousands of farmers all over the country, who can testify to their many excellent qualities. The Reapers have a eelf-raking attach- ment, BO simple and effectual in their ope- ration, as apparently to almost preclude the further improvement in this direction. For further particulars we refer the reader to pages 44 and 45. The "Western Hotel, at Port Byron, formerly under the proprietorship of J. W. McLean, has recently passed into the bands of Howard Brothers, who we have no doubt will keep up the good reputation of the house. See advertisement, page 158. Mrs. li. A. Denlson, photographer, at Port Byron, prints a card on page 158. She thoroughly understands the business, and we bespeak for her a liberal patronage, believing all who call will be dealt with to their entire satisfaction. A. Raelsh, Marble Worker, &c., 38 State street. Auburn, employs experienced artizans, and uses the best grades of foreign and domestic marbles to be found in the market. His prices will be found low as can be afforded for the superior quality of work turned out of his shop. See card, page 156. C. C Brlggs A: Co., dealers in China, Glass and Earthen-ware, Fancy Goods, Plated-ware, &c., at No. Ill Genesee St., Auburn, publish a card on page 150. It is the object of this firm to supply their cus- tomers with the very best goods the mar- ket affords, either in foreign or domestic manufacture. Their stock is very exten- sive and made up of all varieties and styles. We think no person can fail to be suited in style and quality as well as price. Our readers all over the county will find it to their interest to call and see them, when in want of goods in their line. E. li. Ford, at 66 Genesee St., Au- burn, sells fancy goods, and is agent for the celebrated Howe Sewing Machine.— See card, page 148. AUBURN. 277 The Orphans' Friend, published monthly by the managers of the Orphan Asy- lum for the benefit of the orphan chil- dren : Mrs. Dr. J. W. Wilkle, editor. Thomai, Edwin A., (Thomat & Lyon.) *TH0MA8, JAMES O., dentist, 7S Gene- 866. Thomas d Edioard L. 7V'«/wi?i€,) saloon, restau- rant, IS and 20 State. Wolliier, William, ( Wellner & Tremaine.) WELLS, ALMIRA MRS., (Sennett, )farmer 102. Welty, Adam, (Owasco,) farmer 105. Welty John, (Owasco,) farmer 140. Welty, Philip, (Owasco,) excise commis- sioner. Wescott, E. R., keeper in State Prison. Wescott.M. II., keeper in State Prison. West, M. Miss, principal No. 5 school. Western Exchange Hotel, Benjamin Aehby proprietor, Genesee, cor Exchange. Western Union Telegraph, Abner K. War- riner, manager, office over 105 Gene- see. Westover, Robert R., (Aurelius,) town clerk and farmer leases 200. *WETHERBY, MR. AND MRS., millinery and fancy goods, 70 Genesee. Wheaton, Abram T., (Aurelius,) commis- sioner of highways and farmer 60. Wheaton, Frank, ("Aurelius, ) machinist and farmer with Abram T. WHEATON, LUCIUa, trunk manufactu- rer, 11 Genesee. Wheaton, Simon, F., (Fleming.) farmer 94. *WHEELER, A. G., boots and shoes, 8 East Genesee. Wheeler, Aurelius, (Aurelius,) farinor 00. AUBURN. 279 WHKELER, C. JR., president Cayuga Chief Manufactuiiug'Co. Wlieeler, CyrenuB Mr!<., recording secreta- ry Cayuga Co. Orphan Asylum. WIlfiELER, GEO., (ivitk Ruder E.,) (Fleminj'.^ farmer 18S). Wheeler, John G., (Sennett,) farmer 20 '. Wheeler, Marcus A., (Aurelius, ) farmer leases 90. WHEELER. RUDER E., (with Geo.,) (Flem- ing.) farmer 189. Whipple. A. B., keeper at State Prinon. Whipple, Sarah Miss, dretis and cloak maker, Owasco. Whipple, Solomon, stove and kindling wood dealer, 54 Clark. Whipple, Wm. L. & Co., {Lura II..) agent* binger sewing machines, 112 Genesee. White, Alanson D., (Aurelius.) farmer 40. While & Barden, {.hnatlinn White and Al- ien J, iJan/. A. Embody'* Fashionable Millinery Rooms are over the Post office, on Genesee street, Auburn. It is a well known fact that at Mrs. Embody's roomp may be found an extensive assortment of novelties in the lines of Hats, Bonnets, Flowers, Ribbons, &c. Call and see her when you are in want of new goods, or wish to have old ones cleaned, colored or altered. See card, page 184. Benjamin & 'Welton, Patent Right Dealers, at Moravia, advertise their " Im- proved Evener,'" on page 184. This useful invention is so constructed as to entirely supercede the necessity of short whiffle- treea, and correctly equalizes the draught. Farmers, teamsters and others interested, should certainly become acquainted with this valuable improvement. Dr. R. N. Hudson, Surgeon and Mechanical Dentist, at No. 125 Genesee St., Auburn, advertises on page 194. The Doc- tor administers laughing gas for extracting teeth without pain. His long experience enables him to do all work in the most per- fect manner, as his many friends and cus- tomers can testify. His rooms are pleas- ant. Call and see him. Burtis & Son, Brewers, Malsters and Rectifiers, No. 34 Water street, Anburn, are celebrated as being among the best manufacturers of the country. Their Ales are much sought after by the lovers of that healthful beverage. See card, page 194. Tlie "Weedsport Sentinel, a neat eight page weekly newspaper, is publish- ed by John Gibb & Son, at Weedsport. — The office is supplied with steam power, fast presses, and an abundance of new type for executing job printing. The paper is uniformly well filled with local, miscellane- ous and literary matter and news, and as an advertising medium presents many advan- tages to the business man. We wish the office abundant success. See card on page 180, Rlcbard H. HofT, dealer in Drngs, Medicines, Paints, Oils, &c., at Port By- ron, publishes a card on page 184. Mr. Hoff also sells books, stationery, &c., on most reasonable terms. His store is large and well stocked with goods. We think it the best place in Northern Cayuga at which to purchase goods in his line. At the Aubnrn Plumbing, Gas and Steam Fitting Works, corner Dill and Water streets, may be had cistern pumps, bath tubs, boilers, wash bowls, brackets, pendants, chandeliers, &c., in great variety. Messrs. Kavanaugh, Daily and McNicol, the proprietors, are work- men of much experience in their line of business, and will endeavor never to fail in giving entire satisfaction, in any plumbing, gas or steam fitting job they may under- take. See card, on page 342. W. Roberts, Merchant Tailor, No. 5 Clark street. Auburn, advertises on page 176. Mr. Roberts has had an extensive ex- perience in the business, and is in every way competent to cut, fit, and make clothes to the entire satisfaction of every reasona- able man. He keeps stocked with a large assortment of the best cloths to be found in the market. He will give all who call on him " perfect fits." Tlie Auburn Journal (Weekly,) and Daily Advertiser, have been published by the present owners, Messrs. Knapp & Peck, for many years. They have gained for each of their papers a large list of subscribers, and as advertis- ing mediums they are surpassed by but few papers in Central or Western New York. They are Republican in principle, and, po- litically and locally, are ably edited. The office is located in the handsome "Colon- nade Block," on Genesee, opposite State St. It is arranged with a view to conveni- ence in the business, and is provided with several steam power book and job presses, for executing all styles of printing in the neatest manner possible to be done by fl 'st class workmen. We refer our readers to the publishers' card on page 168. nayden & liCtch-wrortli,, at No. 9 East Genesee St., Auburn, manufacturers and wholesale dealers in Hames, Saddlery and Carriage Hardware, Spokes and Bent Work, Harness and Carriage Trimmings of all kinds, are among the heaviest manufac- turing and mercantile firms of the city. Their facilities for supplying dealers with superior goods in their line, at satisfactory prices, is unsurpassed in the State. Cayu- ga County carriage makers, harness makeis and blacksmiths, we have no doubt are al- ready well acquainted with the excellence of their goods ; but if there be any who have not yet purchased of them, we advise such by all means to make their acquain- tance, fully believing that such a measure would eventually lead to a continued and profitable trade to all parties concerned. The well known integrity and promptness of this firm in fiUin" orders, recommends them to all honorable buyers. See card, page 234. H. J. E. RoflTee, Dealer in Gro- ceries and Provisions, exhibits his "CAina- man'''' on page 238. We advise all who de- sire to see the '' live individt/al" to call at Mr. Rofiee's store. No. 135 State street. Au- burn, where he will deal out "T" to all who wish it. All kinds of groceries and provisions may likewise be had there, one hundred cents worth for a dollar, ten cents worth for a dime, larger or smaller quanti- ties at thesame rate. So says Roflee, and we have no hesitation in endorsing his statement. 288 CA YUGA COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTOR Y. ATTORNEY & COUNSELLOR AT LAW Office ]^o. 1 15 Genesee St., Cor. G-enesee and State Sts., Auburn, N. Y. WEEDSPORT, CAYUGA CO., N, Y., ATTORNEY & COUNSELOR AT LAW, AND GENERAL INSURANCE AGENT. LIFE, FIRE & CANAL INS., FIRST-CLASS COMPANIfS, LOW RATE OF PREMIUM. Xoasea Promptly paid at this Agency. Fashionable Cloak & Dress Maker, 47 GEMESEE NTREET, ^^XJBXJPtlSr, - - IsT. "Y". How to Judge a Horse. A correspondent, contrary to old maxims, undertakes to judge the character of a horse by outward appearances, and offers the fol- lowing suggestions, the result of his close observation and long experience : If the color be light sorrell, or chestnut, his feet, legs and face white, these are marks of kindness. If he is broad and full between the eyes, he may be depended on as a horse of good sense, and capable of be- ing trained to anything. As respects such horses, the more kindly you treat them the better vou will be treat- ed in return. Nor will a horse of this de- scription stand a whip, if well fed. If yon want a safe horse, avoid one that is dish-faced. He may be so far gentle as not to scare ; but he will have too much go- ahead in him to be safe with everybody. If you want a fool, but a horse of great bottom, get a deep bay, with not a white hair about him. If his face is a little dish- ed, so much the worse. Let no man ride such a horse that is not an adept in riding — they are always tricky and unsafe. If you want one that wiU never give out, never buy a large, overgrown one. A black horse cannot stand heat, nor a white one cold. If you want a gentle horse, get one with more or less white about the head; the more the better. Many persons suppose the parti-colored horses belonging to the circuses, shows, &c., are selected for their oddity. But the selections thus made are on account of their great docility and gen- tleness. TABLE OF DISTANCES. 289 o m o H m Q O pq g3 p-1 Ph CD ;^ ^S iRS S ^=' — 00 O op CO o> :p bD.9 =s :«; > ; a s; .5 a :^ « a oca >- a n Q g*- j" 3 = ojocs— i'~-Ki 290 CENSUS REPORT. ABSTRACT FROM CENSUS REPORT ^^S RJKG^Pil^S CAJ^JJGrA. COXJNTY, N. Y. POPULATION. a a o "S "3 p. o Changes since 1855. VOTERS , 1865. 00 a JO < a p . f in O.r-1 y "■3 « So5 TOWNS. 6 a H- 1 6 i > "5 o a ^ 3 £ 5 s'cS p. Auburn City : iBt ward, 2d ward 3d ward, 4,085 2,40.5 2,.337 3,740 1,681 483 352 575 578 402 405 399 286 118 120 223 864 520 525 622 507 297 325 447 11 68 28 29 3,567 2,040 1,984 4th ward, 3,264 Total Auburn City, Anrelius, Brutus, 12,567 2,470 2,588 2,192 1,809 1,248 2,362 2,175 2,065 1,125 2,866 1,314 1,881 1,87{ 1,284 2,047 1,203 1,722 2,184 2,915 1,112 1,291 1,943 1,991 3,091 ""84 10 42 89 " 1,314 62 "'iss ""is ' i',29i 4 104 219 60 63 "'168 2,692 ""36 If ""66 360 109 72 ""25 1,784 435 538 525 433 257 588 565 415 319 544 301 492 502 261 405 801 368 441 638 295 279 483 520 747 120 100 35 32 37 50 21 71 23 64 a5 26 25 43 85 21 94 6b 85 n 53 35 22 2,531 555 638 660 465 294 638 586 486 342 608 336 518 527 304 490 322 462 507 723 306 332 518 542 1,576 152 90 104 45 101 91 37 102 9 54 21 31 46 54 133 18 119 108 172 ""39 89 19 136 "'3 1 "14 5 2 55 "26 9 3 6 3 19 .... 30 1 "'5 4 10,855 2,318 2,495 Cato 2,087 1,764 Fleming, 1,133 2,266 Ira 2,136 1,908 Locke, 1,116 2,286 1,284 1,847 1,824 Owasco, Scipio,... 1,227 1,895 1,185 1,602 2,04r, Sterling,... 2,742 1,112 1.252 Venice, 1.849 1,908 Total 55,730 2,15S 11,689 1,901 13,590 3210 323 52,197 CENSUS REPOBT. TOWNS. Auburn, Aurelius, Brutus, Cato, Coiiquect, Fleming, Genoa, Ira Ledyard, Locke, Mentz Montezuma, Moravia, Niles, Owa»co Scipio, Sempronius, Sennett, Springport, Sterlin Summer Hill,.. Throop, Venice, Victory, Total 15067 124220 ADDITIONAL STATISTICS FROM CENSUS OF 1865. In addition to the above extracts we give the following htah for the County, as per returns for the several heads mentioned : — Ca^h Value of Farms, 1865, $23,287,843 ; of Stock, 1865, $3,304,78 ; of tools and implements, $801,917. Acres plowed, 1865, 94,886. Tons of Hay, 1864, 74,883f. Winter Bye, bushels grown in 1864, 4,739. BarUy, bushels harvested in 1864, 314,005^. Flax,&cv&9, sown, 1865, 497i ; Pounds of Lint, 1864, 92,720. Honey, pounds collected in 1864, 44,428. WorMng Oxen, 1865, 724. Neat Cattle, number killed for beef in 1864, 2,601. Svcine, num- ber of pigs in 1865, 15,110 ; one year old and over, 15,507; slaughtered in 1864, 16,458 ; pounds of pork made, 1864, 3,801,775. Wool, pounds shorn, 1865, 536,236. Rheep, number of lambs raised, 1865, 49,774; number killed by dogs, 1864, 550. Poultry, value owned, 1865, $52,911.75 ; value of eggs sold, 1864, $44,672.00. Fertilizers, value bought in 1864, $5,676.00. JDo- mestic Mannfactures,\%QA,j?Lvdi& of fulled cloth, 2,500i; yards of flannel, 3,336i; yards of linen 6,040^; yards of cotton and mixed goods 470. Apples, number of trees in fruit, 1864, 276,134 ; barrels of cider, 1864, 10,866|. Hops, pounds raised, 1864, 9,390. 292 COUNTY COURTS AND INTERNAL REVENUE OFFICERS. COUETS IN CAYUGA COUNTY, 1868-1869. TO BE HELD IN THE COURT HOUSE IN AUBUEN. CIRCUIT COURTS AND COURTS OF OYER AND TERMINER. First Monday of January, Second Monday of April, First Monday of October, Last Monday of August, 1868. 1869. J. C. Smith, Justice, Andrew Welles, Justice. Thos. A. Johnson, Justice, Thos. A. Johnson, Justice. E. Darwin Smith, Justice, E. Darwin Smith, Justice. SPECIAL TERMS. 1868. J. C. Smith, Justice, 1869. Andrew Welles, Justice. COUNTY COURT AND COURT OP SESSIONS. From the first of January, 1868, and until further notice : On the Tliird Monday of February, on the Third Monday of June, and on the Second Monday of November, in each year. A Petit Jury to attend each of said terms, and a Grand Jury to attend the June Term in each year. WM. E. HUGHITT, County Judge of Cayuga County. List of U. S. Internal Revenue Officers in the County of Cayuga, 24tli Dist., N. Y. DiT. Names. P. O. Ad. Office. 1 For what Towns. 1 3 8 4 6 6 7 Jas. H. HoBkins, Q. W. Latham, W. I. Cornwell, Sam'l Lockwood AbramA. Staats, D. Wade, Jun. Lucius Fltts, Meridian. Port Byron. Weedsport. Auburn. Cayuga. Moravia. Dreserville. Asst. Ab. Sterling, Victory, Ira, Conquest & Cato Montezuma, Mentz and Throop. Brutus and Sennett. City of Auburn. Aure'li's,8pringport,'Ledyard,Fleming. Scipio, Owasco, Niles and Moravia. Venice, Genoa, Sem., Locke, Sum. Hill Wm. A. Halsey Darius 0. Baker, Lyman Carr, Port Byron. Auburn. Cayuga. Collector Dep. " *lth Collection District, N. Y. Niles, Mor. Locke, Semp. & Sum. Hill. Auburn, Scipio, Venice, Genoa, Ovrai. AureliuB, Springport,Ledyard, Fleming Daniel D. Buck, Daniel HewBon, Hiram D. Hazard Win. B. Ward, J. L. HewBon, H. Avery, Port Byron. Auburn. New Hope. Gen.Insp. of Distilled Spirits. " Coal Oil. " Distilled Spirits. Port Byrou. Auburn. Genoa. Inspector of Cigars, &c. POST OFFICES AND POST MASTERS— CAYUGA CO, OFFICERS 293 Post Offices and Post Masters in Cayuga Co. POST OFFICE. POST MASTER. Auburn William Allen. Aurelius Halsey Taylor. Aurora E. W. Arms. Bethel Comers Edwin C. Holcomb. Cato Robert W. Cole. Cayuga Lyman Carr. Conquest John F. Weatherwax. Dreaserville Arnold Swift. East Genoa Jeremiah M. Snyder. East "Venice . George W. Young. Fair Haven Sherburne H. Crane. Five Comers Samuel C. Lyon. Fleming Luther Hale. Fosterville Myron Doty. Genoa Lendall Bigelow. Ira Henry L. Downs. Kelloggsville W. F. Cooper. King's Perry Benj. F. Coleman. Ledyard Charles D. Avery. Le vanna J. Lincoln Howe. Locke A. M. Lyon. Martville Reuben J. Myers. Meridian Abel West. Montezuma Eli Sherman. Moravia Henry Cutler. New Hope Warren S. Clark. POST OFFICE. POST MASTER. Niles John Ellsworth. North Sterling Dean Lake. North Victory James Kykindall. O wasco David Tompkins. Owasco Lake Christopher G. Post. O wasco Valley Wilson J. Merritt. Poplar Ridge John Hart. Port Byron James C. Haight. Scipio John Snyder. Scipioville George R. Kent. Sempronius Dorr Smith. Seneca River Wm. H. Mills. Sennett Mrs. C. L. Sheldon. Sherwood's Samuel W. Greene. Sterling James D. Church. Sterling Valley James C. Hunter. Summer Hill Cornelius E. Brogden. The Square Mrs. Hannah Peterson . Throopsville J. Foster Jr. Union Springs A. B. Capron. Venice Lucian Bateman. Venice Center Alfred B. Thompson. Victory AddisOn B. Wether by. Weedsport S. Keirnan. Westbury John Sprague. CAYUGA OOUl^TY OFFIOEES. Coroners. P. 0. Address. Wm. n. Foster, Auburn. John W. Taylor, Locke. Howell B. Converse, Port Byron. James Arnold, Union Springs. County ClerJk. John S. Lanehart, Auburn. Lyman C. Comstock, Deputy, Auburn. County Judge. Hon. Wm. E. Hughitt, Auburn. County Treasurer. Horace T. Cook, Aubum. District Attorney. Wm. B. Mills, Weedsport. Excise Commissioners. Philip Welty, Auburn. Robert Johnson, Cato. David C. Howell, . , Fleming. JTusticcB of Sessions. P. 0. Address. Wm. H. Barnes, Auburn. Lewis .M. Swift, Summer Hill. Lioan Commissioners. Alanson M. Clark, Fleming. Archibald M. Green, Port Byron. Sclnool Commissioners. John S. Bristol, Auburn. Archibald Mcintosh, Locke. R. Drummond, Victory. SherlfT. Sidney Mead, Auburn. Special Surrogate. Gardner C. Giflford, Aurora. Superintendents of tlie Poor. M. M. Olmsted Auburn. Charles Hayden, Port Byron. John B. Strong, Venice. 294 PUBLISHER'S CARD. FUI^I^I^tlEII^'J^ O.^IS,I>. Before leaving the work in which I have, for the past few months, been so earnestly engaged, I desire to return thanks to all w,ho have so kindly aided me in the effort to produce a work, which I confidently hope will j^rove of great value to its possessors. Those who have furnished information, (historical or otherwise,) for its pages, have my special thanks, while those who have pecuniarily aided in the way of subscriptions for advertising, will, I trust, re- ceive liberal cash dividends as the legitimate fruits thereof. Sub- scribers for the work it is hoped may find much that is new, in- structive, and valuable. As a parting word to my friends in Cayuga County, I would suggest to many of the business men, especially outside of Auburn, that they would find Printer'' s Ink a great lubricator of the wheels of business. Too many seem to have fallen into a settled apathy, as re- gards business matters ; willing to serve such customers as come un- asked to their doors, but who make no efforts to retain at home the large amount of trade annually diverted to the cities of Syracuse and Rochester. As a general thing you are not willing to admit that the merchants of those cities can afford to sell the same class of goods cheaper than you can. Their rents, taxes and clerk hire, usually PUBLISHER'S CARD. 295 cost far more than yours — while your money will buy goods in mar- ket jus*: as cheap as theirs. Why, then, should your citizens patronize the merchants of those cities rather than yourselves ? In penning this article I can have no selfish interest in view, as my present work with you is accomplished. It is purely for your own interest that I sug- gest the propriety of your advertising more liberally. Advertise extensively^ and all the time — through the columns of your local newspapers, by hand-bills, by circulars, by cards, by every means you can employ. Advertise; let the people know you are alive, atid tha-t you have good goods, and full assortments, in your special lines, and that you will sell cheap as others can. And finally, if you keep posted as to the markets, and do as you advertise, our word for it, you will very soon be surprised at the increase of your sales. I do not mean that advertising alone will build up any busi- ness, or the loant of it hinder its prosperity ; but I do assert em- phatically, and had I time and space to do so, could prove by large numbers of the many thousand persons with whom I have had bus- iness, that, in nine cases out of ten, advertising liherally and long is one of the best of business investments. Do not be deceived by the too popular idea that "you are so long established, that everybody knows where you are, and what you have to sell," I tell you it is, on your part, a grave error. How many men in your county have been there but one or two years, or, perhaps, have just made their residence 'with you ? Of what benefit is your ^'long established reputation" in such a case. Your neighbor, perhaps, who has been in business but a few months, is just as well "established," in the mind of such a man, as "you," who boast of being "so long in business that everybody knows you and you know everybody." Politely speaking, you are "a?i old fossiV You will say that the new man must have some customers, and you will all stand your chances. Such a course will do very well when yuu are not anxious to increase your trade, or when you are quite willing to diminish it ; lor, while you are satisfied with this state of affairs, some m()re eiiteriyrising tradesman will reach your 296 PVIiLISllEB'S CARD. would-be customer, and perhaps withdraw his patronage from your vilhige altogether. You should bear in mind always, that there is a dividing point between your village and those adjacent, and that the custom of citizens living near such dividing point, generally goes to that place which holds out the most favorable inducements. A friendly rivalry in advertising, by parties engaged in the va- rious kinds of business, is invariably noticed and commented upon by the masses who read, and tends to materially increase the busi- ness of a village. Don't be altogether selfitsh in your motives. — Work for the benefit of your locality, and you will surely reap your reward. In other words, build up your village, make it a center for a large strip of surrounding country. As mediums for advertising, you have many : First of all is your Local Tapers ; your Editors are all good fellows, and would be pleased to advise their many readers who to deal with. Try them ; they are liberal and uniformly obliging. Their local items, if you would allow it, might be the means of depositing many dollars in your till. As for other means of advertising, "their name is legion," the principal ingredient of which is Printer'' s Ink ; the benefit to be derived from which depends more or less upon the size of doses. With thanks to friends generally, and especially to the several thousand patrons of the " Gazetteer and Directory of Cayuga County," I leave my work for the present, hoping in after years to again meet and serve you in a similar undertaking. HAMILTON CHILD. OA YUGA CO UNTT B USINESS DIRECTOR T. 297 WHOLESALE MUSIC DEALERS, No, 2 Wieting Block, Syracuse, N. Y,, (Of ten years standing at Ogdensburgh,) HAVE THE WHOLESALE AGENCY FOR THE ALSO ITS ACKNOWLEDGED COMPEER, THE CENTRAL PIANO FOETE COMPANY'S PIANO. Also the Jit'adhury, tJif Dutthnni, the Avion, Hallet & Davis, JBoard- nian & Gray, UiiiUl, Vose, Mttzlvton, Jtuveu it JBacon, and others. Also for the uneqiialed VOX HXJJVI^N^ OTiGrJ^N, (.T. ESTEY «fc CO.,) (Imitation of the Human Voice,) pronounced by the Musical Profef?sion the best Reed Organ in the World. Pleaee send for circular describiue; this wonderlul invention, (the VOX HUMANA TEEMOLO.) Also wholesale agents and dealers in other FIKST-CLASS ORG-ANS & MELODEONS And Musical 3ferchandise of all JTlnds, We buy direct of the Manufacturers and Importers at their lowest rates to their whole- sale agents. Our store expenses are much less than New York and Boston Houses, thereby enabling us to sell on better terms to the Trade, to Teachers, Clergymen, Churches, Schools and Societies, as well as to retail customers. Purchasers will find themselves more than paid for a visit to Syracuse in the bar- gains that can be secured at this Wholesale House, (having great advantages over any small establishment.) SATISFACTIOyr IVAMMAXTED IX AZr TSANSACTIOKS. REDINCTON & HOWE, IVo. 2 WIETING BLOCK, SYRACUSE, N. Y., N^ext Door to tJte ifeU-knotvn and pojutlai' Syracuse Boot and Shoe Store, 298 CAYUGA COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY. a 5 >^ HI COMMERCIAL BLOCK, STATE ST., AUBURN, N. Y. Thorongh. Instruction given in Theory and Practice, in all departments of Actual Business. Penmanship, Arithmetic, Correspondence, Retail and Wholesale Merchandizing, Commission and Forwarding, Joint Steele Companies, such as Banliing, Manu- facturing, Railroading, Insurance, Mining, Expressing, Telegraphing, &c. t^°For terms and other information, address D. F. BROWN, Principal. BELL £ VAN DUSEN'S No. 24 Garden St., U AUBURN, N. Y. Trity Horses, the Best of CarriaEes, aM CaroM DriTors, Ai the Sen'ice of the 'Public. Special attention given to furnishing Horses and Carriages for Funerals, or Horses and Carriages for Parties, Excursions, &c. MAP OF CAYUGA cog NJTY. N CHILD'S eAZETTEER^JDIKECTOin* U 1