m^^^mmmim Qroup XIV. No. 14.3 Frice Id cents GV 491 .D73 1914 Copy 1 BRARY T fir I v.- j'.K >'r/^- II II American. Sports Publishing Co 21 y^arren Street, New^YorK - A. G. Spalding & Bros. MAINTAIN THEIR OWN HOUSES FOR OISTRIBUTINQ THE Spalding ^^ COMPLETE LINE OF Athletic Goods IN THE FOLLOWING CITIES 1^" ^^n"'-^>>; " I2i-fza Na»aa SI. [,..,.. 520 Fifth Avenue NEWARK, N. J. 84S Broad SIreel l-HILADELPBIA, PA. 1210 Che&lnul Street BOSTON. MASS. 141 Federal Street PITTSBURGH, PA. IIUFFALO, N. Y. eil Main Street SYRACUSE. N. Y. 3S7 So. Warren Street ROCHESTER, N. 40 Clinton Ave. ALBANY, N. Y. MOON, ENGLAND 3I7-3IS. HIgli Haibom,W.C. ', 78. Clieapside. E. 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T PhyBlcal culture is a subject on which volumes yet remain to be i/ written before its necessities are fully grasped or generally under* ^'^^ Btood. Professors of the art have increased and multipliod throughout th« country and yet doctors, hospitals and cemeteries are as liberally patronized as in the dark ages, ^ Certain favored classes have made a practical study of the subject J^ and reaped f^olden benefits. Students have had its theory and prac- iT» tice drilled into them at college and have come forth into the battle O of life with the physique of gladiators. Elaborately fitted gymnas- iums have sprung up in every city and developed specimens of man- hood which an Olympian champion might envy. This progress is cheering as far as it goes : But how far does it go? The classes have undoubtedly mastered the subject, but have the masses been benefited? Take any one of the thousands of young men who scramble out to business in New York or any other large city every day after bolting a nominal and tasteless breakfast, and ask him about his health and habits. The answer will only vary as regards his freeedom or otherwise from actual disease. Beyond this he knows nothing on the subject. His habits, ho will assure you, are quite regulai*. He rides direct to his business every morning; stands at his desk, or counter or case for ten or twelve nK)rtal hours at a stretch; rides direct home again, bolts his supper, reads the paper and goes to bod. Is this man living, in the true sense of the word? No I He is slowly but surely decaying, without ever having tioomed. Ho has occasionally thought of joining a gymnasium or athletic club but never found the sjiare time. Ho has perhaps taken a cursory glimpse through some learniMl essay, lecture, or intrieate work on physical culture and was momentarily impressed but did not see bow it alTected him personalty. It is principally for such men this little treatise is compiled. They can grasp its theories during the liomeward ride and practically Sfiif C LNTRODUCTION. fcsfy themselves in a quarter of an hour after rising in the morning: or before going to bed at night tliat the great secret is theirs. The only artificial outfit needed is a pair of Indian clubs and dumb bells. With these, a spark of healthy manliness and ambitious en- thusiasm, a man can accomplish as much in an attic bedroom, or on the roof in mild weather, as will transform him in the course of a year. But a youth may argue, as one did recently with the writer "The investment would feed me for a week." Granted ; but there is no visible improvement in the body at th« end of a week's, or even a years's, liberal boai'd. The toiler goes out patiently day after day and week after week to drudge— for what— a living. All the necessaries and luxuries he can stuff himself with from steak to ice cream in a life time won't make him feel what it is to be alive like rational exercise of those parts of his system which have to lies dormant during his business. God may have created him to earn his bread by the sweat of his brow to the bitter end, but that does not justify him in neglecting the symmetry of the Image he represents. Better to aim at having "a combination and a form indeed where every god did seem to set his seal to give the world assurance of a man." In a country like ours, says Professor Blaikie in his admirable work, where the masses are so intelligent, where so much care is taken to secure what is called a good education, the ignorance as to what can be done to the body by a little systematic physical educa- tion is simply marvelous. Few persons seem to be aware that any limb, or any part of it, can be developed from a state of weakness and deficiency to one of full- ness, strength and beauty, and that equal attention to all the limbs, and to the body as well, will work a like result throughout. One of the most elTective and agreeable means of attaining thes« objects is CLUB-SWINGING. There is a fascination about this exercise that grows on one with his proliciency. The exertion or strain is rarely felt after the primary motions are mastered. As soon as the beginner realizes that the tendency of the club, from its special formation, is to describe a circle, if not prematurely checked in its course, he has crossed the only stumbling block. After that he has only to think of a movement, and, as a practical instructor puts it, "the clubs do the rest." The present generation is the first which had an opportunity of enjoying the exercise in this country. It will not, however, be the last, as the Ir>dian club, unlike many equally modern innovations, has come to stay. Its title indicates its origin. When the Britishers proceeded to civilize, and incidentally to annex, India, they were surprised to find the natives marvelously expert in swinging clubs in various graceful and fantastic motions. The English officers were not slow to recognize the superior de- velopment of those most addicted to the pastime. One of them alludes to the then novelty as follows : "The wonderful club exercise is ono of the most effectual kinds of athletic training. The clubs are of wood from four to twenty pounds, and in length about two feet and one half." "The exercise is in great repute among the native soldiery, police, and others whose caste renders them liable to emergencies where great strength of muscle is desirable. The evolutions which the clubs are made to perform, in the hands of experts, are exceedingly graceful." "Besides the great i-ecommendation of simplicity the Indian club practice possesses the essential property of expanding the chest and exercising every muscle of the body concurrently." The club exercise soon after was introduced into the British army as part of the drill. In due course its popularity spread to this coun- try and its use may now Ijo described as universal. Indeed, the en- thusiast was about light who exclaimed, "No homo is properly fur' Bished without at l(»ast a pair." CLUP-SWINGING. Right or Left Inner— Outer Forward or Backward THE PKINCIPLES OF CLUB SWINGING. Fig. 1. In the engraving the black spots represent the handle of the clul and the centre of the circle made by the end of the club in going around The hand being held nearly stationary. The lines at the feet of the figure, show the manner of varynig the movements by swinging in front, behind, at the side and diagonal to the front of the body. Any circle done in one direction can be reversed and swung in the opposite direction. Any circle done while the hand is held in any of the nine positions can be done with the hand at any of the other positions. By understanding this, and the proper metlvod of combining the circles into double movements, the pupil will be able to iiiveut ■ cmtn- Oation-S iucludiun any two or all th*^ riryltio. CLUB SWINGING. Accuracy is of the utmost importance in the practice of the exer- cises described in this boolt. This should be thoroughly understood as no skill can be acquired when the movements are done Ip a careless or awkward manner. It would perhaps be better to first practice the \movements with- out the clubs, turning the arm and wrist n the proper manner until the idea is perfectly clear, ♦^hen proceed the club. In selecting clubs the begi- ner shuuk. be careful not to get them too heavy for the difficult moveme ts; i, ub which can be held at arms length and made describe a wri t circle, is best, and the exercise which would be obtained by continuing their use ;i moment or two longer would be more beneficial than the strain of swinging a heavy one a shorter time. It is best to learn the names of the different circles and movements, as it gives a much clearer UTulerstanding of them than could be secured otherwise. In the single movements the es describe the circle it- self. In the double, the name indicates movement by showing the relation the arms bear to each other in completing n circle. In practicing, stand erect, expand the host, square the shoulder* and slightly elevate the chin, look straight to the front, lean a little for ward so as have the weight centre on the balls of the feel, have thf neels two inches apart with the toes spread at an angle of forty fiv** degrees. If there is a line in the floor or carpet, it would be well to stand facing it; make the club follow this line as nearly as possible„ First bring the club to the starting position, with the hand opposite the right breast, the elbow pressed to the side, the knuckles turned out and the club extended vertically. Start every Circle or Movement from this position. When only one club is used let one arm hang pendant at the side. If a Straighl> Arm circle is to be done, elevate the club at arms length to a point direct 11 y above, then proceed. First make the club describe an inner-circle, that is, start it toward the head or centre ot the body. Then describe the same circle at the side, that is, at right angles with the line. Then the same digonally with the line, next describe the same circle in the opposite direction or outer, starting away from the head or body, and so on through the three circles as before. Then try another circle the same, and as soon as all the single circles have been mastered take both clubs and pro- ceed in the same manner. If at first the club wrenches the wrist in making the circles, try some otJier way of holding it. as the whole secret of doing the difficult movements is io. ae manner in which the club is held in the hand. CLUB-SWINGING. Fi". 2. BENT-ARM CIRCLES, BACK. Fig. 3 and 4. Hold the club in the starting position, raise the arm and drop the club over the shoulder, make a complete circle behind the back, and repeat. Allow the wrist perfect freedom, do not hold the club too tight as it will make the movement awkward. In the inner circle let the hand pass from the top of the head to the back of the neck. With the right hand drop the club to the right for the outer circle and to the left for the inner circle, and the reverse with the left hand. Endeavor to swing the club squarely, and let the evolutions be per- pend icular and parallel to the line in the floor. The only difference between the inner and outer circles is the di- rection of swinging them. CLUB-SWINGIIVa INNER MOVEMENT. Fig. 6. This movement combines tlie inner bent-arm circle, back of the shoulder and tlie plain straight-arm movement or sweep in front of the body, thus making a circle within a circle. Execute the same with the left hand carrying the club to the ri^*» tostead of the left. 12 CLUB-SWINGING. OUTER MOVEMENT. Fio. 6. This movement combines the outer bent-arm circle back of the shoulder and the straight-arm circle in front of the body. When finishing the bent-arm circle, raise the arm and extend it straight vertically before starting the straight-arm circle. CLUB-SWINGING, SIDE MOVEMENT. Fig. 7. From the starting position, drop the club forward or back, letting it turn loosely in the hand, finish the bent-arm circle with a straight-arm, both circles being complete. The circles should be made at light angles to tlie floor line. Eepeat with the left hand. OVER-AKM MOVEMENT. Fig. 8. From the starting position raise the arm and extend it across to the opposite shoulder. Drop the club over it and made it describe a complete circle behind the back. Throw the head back to allow the arm to go over the shoulder as far as possible. Finish with a straight-arm circle and repeat. Excute the same ' Pig. 21. Illustrates the manner of combining one or more circles into a distinct movement. Straigiiten the arm after each circle. STOP OR SLAP OX THE ARM. Fig. 22. In bringing tiie arm to a hoiizoatal position, allow the club to pass over and drop smartly on the arm and rebound, reversing the circle. Also by crossing the clubs when extended vertically and slapping them on the opposite arms, then throw tiiem up again, reversing the circle, or extend them out to the sides. Also by throwing them up and dropping them over the head and finishing with an extension movement. CLUB-SWINGING. FRONT BENT-ARM CIRCLE. Bring the shoiilder forward, hold tho hand in front of the opposite ihoulder, turn the palm out carry the club around for a complete circle and finish with a Straight-Arm circle. This circle is made principally by the action of the hand and wrist. Reverse, swinging with tlie other hand. DOUBLE MOVEMENTS. The double movements are simply FOUR different ways of com- bining the single circles. The circles described comprise all there is to club swinging. Whan they are thoroughly mastered with either hand so as to be swung either to the riglit or left, forward or backward and the same diagonal, they can with ingenuity and patience, be formed into an endless variety of beautiful, intricate and difficult evolutions, by combining the circles. Any number of circles can be formed into one combination by counting wliile practicing. In Single Time, count one for the circle of both hands. That is in making a straight-arm PARALLEL Fig. 23, or CROSS movement Fig. 24, count 1, add a bent arm circle, count it 2, viz, 1-2, 1-2, etc. In Double Time, count one for each circle of each hand. That is, in making a straight-arm FOLLOW movement. Fig. 25, count it 1 and 2, add a bent-arm circle, count it .3 and 4, viz. 1-2-3-4, 1-2-3-4, etc. Always count as many numbers as there are circles in the combination. The REVERSE movement Fig. 26, can be done either in single or double time, The best method for learning the double movements is as follows. Hold the clubs in the starting position, go through the movement sev- eral times with the rigl)t hand, then do the same with the left. Repeat making one circle less with each hand, and continue, making one less each time, until the movement is done once witli each hand. Then count the circles and proceed, counting as directed. When the movements and circles have been mastered sufficiently well to allow it. the interest in the exercise will be increased by ar- ranging a routine of movements so as to have them in groups, with all the changes which are in them, in the order in which they should como, witli tW easy movements first and the most difficult last. To become an artistic and graceful performer, it is necessary to do every movement in perfect time and with the greatest precision thus combining grace and elegance. If the club is to be held perpendicular let it be exactly so ; if horizontal exactly horizontal Describe all the circles and sweeps squarely to the side or front, and do not swing too fast. Wiiere you can have the benefit of a large mirror, it will be a valuable assistance in exhibiting defects and correcting awkwardness, and it will also assist in developing countless variations and move- ments. The latter affording an ample field for ingenuity and skill in combination, and with patience and perseverance, the pupil will soon become the master of a beautiful and beneficial ae^'omoiishraent. CLUB-SWINGING. CLUB-SWINGINO. DOUBLE BENT-ARM MOVEMENT. Fig. 27. As an illustration of simplicity of the double movements the figure here shown will be a fair example. The movement shown is a com- bination of the inner and outer bent-arm circles. By crossing the clubs above the head a Cross movement, is made. By swinging one in ad- vance of the other a Reverse movement is executed and by passing them both in the same direction a Parallel movement is the resuit. EXTENDED-ARM CIRCLES. FiG.28. The figure illustrates the manner of doing these cirlces with two clubs. Swing the clubs 1st. Outside of the arms. 2nd. Inside, ."^rd. to the Riglit of both. 4th. to the Left. Either Forward or Backward. They can be done Parallel, Cross, Follow or Reverse, in Front and at the Side. CLUB-SWINGINO. PARALLEL MOVEMENT. Fig. 29. This movement is a combination of the Inner and Outer circles, the clubs moving parallel for a complete circle. It is of great importance to throughly understand that the descrip- tions of double movements are not only for the Straight-arm circles, but also for every circle described in the Single circles. They can all be done in the ways described, and any two or more can be combined. CLUB-SWINGING. ^ w \ FOLLOW MOVEMEXT. Fig. 30. This movement is the same combination as the Parallel, the clubs Ibllowiug each other like the arms of a windmill, retaining the same relative position for a complete circle. A back circle either upper or lower must be added to allow the clubs to pass each otlier. CLUB-SWINGIKO. DOUBLE EXTENSION MOVEMENT. Fig. 31. The double Extension is a combination of half a Straight and half a Bent Arm circle, and can be done Parallel, Cross, Reverse or Follow, it can also be combined with any of the circles by doing the Extension with one club and the cirf le with the other, arranging the count, to allow the clubs to pass each other without breaking the time. These combinations of half circles should receive due attention as- it is the only way to reverse from Right to Left or to change from one movement to another without breaking the time. CliUB-SWINGINQ. CKOSS MOVEMENTS, INNER OR OLxER, Fig. 32. For the Inner Cross-circles, start by crossing the arms or clubs at the top of the circle and separating them at the bottom, coming together and crossing as before at the top. Fop the Outer Gross-circle, start by separatingthearmsorcluba at the top and crossing them at the bottom. Combined with the Lower Back or Front circles this movement becomes very pretty. CLUB-SWINGING. INNER EEVERSE MOVEMENT, Fm. 33. The Inner Reverse movement is the Inner Straight and Bent- Arm circles combined, the arms or clubs crossing and separating at the sides of the circle. Start by swinging one half of a circle with one hand before moving the other, then move both toward each other pass- ing at the outermost part of the circle, repassing at the opposite side. To combine the Straight and Bent-Arm circles, as in the figure, start both clubs in the opposite directions at the same time, make the right hand club describe a complete Inner Bent- Arm circle, while the left describe an Inner Straight- Arm circle, the clubs regaining the starting position together. Then repeat, making the left hand club describe the Bent-Arm circle and the right the Straight-Arm circle. CiiUB-SWXNGlNQ. OUTER REVERSE MOVEMENT. Fig. 34. The Outer Reverse movement i«t the Outer Straight and Bent-Arm circle.s combined, the arms or clubs crossing and separating at the sides ol the circles. Start by swinging one half of a circle with one hand before moving the other, then move both toward each other passing at the outermost part of the circle, repassing at the opposite side. To combine the Straight and Bent- Arm circles, as in the figure, start both clubs in opposite directions at the same time, make the right hand club describe a complete Outer Bent-Arm circle, while the left describes an Outer Straight-Arm circle, the clubs regaining the starting position together. Then repeat, making the left hand club describe the Bent-.\rm circle and tlie right the Straight-Arm circle. OIjUB-SWINGINa, OVEK-ARM MOVEMENT. Fia. 35. This movement is swung the same as the Innei and Outer Ee- verse movements and the same directions should be followed. Throw the head well back and extend the arms to their greatest length to allow the clubs to make a graceful circle over the shoulder. niiTTB-SWINGlNO. FRONT BENT-AKM MOVEMENT. Fig. 36. For this movement follow the directions, given for the Inner and Outer reverse circles. Extend the arras to full length and compress the shoulders for- ward to allow the necessary action of the arm, making the Bent- Arm circle. CliUB-SWINGING, EXERCISE FOE HEAVY CLUB. Fig. 37. Stand with the feet well braced, as in the figure. From the Starting-Position raise the club and drop it over the head and let it hang behind the back, then reverse the movement passing the club with arms extended, around in front and up to a horizontal position behind the back. Vary the movement by passing the club to the right or left of the body. CLUB-SWINGING. SECOND EXERCISE. Fig. 38. Raise the club, drop it over the shoulder, extend the arm to full length, pass the club in a full sweep in front of the body and as far up behind as possible, then reverse the movement, carrying the club to the Starting-Position before repeating. The movement over the head shoulil be made principally with the wrist. CliUB-SWINGING. THIRD EXERCISE. FlO. 39. This exercise is similar to the preceding one and for two clubs. Raise the clubs from the Starting-Position, drop them behind the back, bending the arm as much as possible, then return them to the Starting-Position, make a Bent- Arm circle at the side and in finish- ing it extend the arms and make a full sweep in front, past the side and up behind the back to a horizontal position. Then reverse the movement and return to the Starting-Position. CLUB-SWxNGING. STRAIGHT-ARM EXERCISE. Fig. 40. Extend the arm full length, pass the clubs in opposite direc- tions describing full circles. Reverse the movement. Vary the movements by swinging both clubs in the same direction but having them at opposite sides of the circle. Turn the body from sid^ ' o side to assist the movement of the arms. DUMB BELL EXERCISE. The dumb bell has been used in this country so generally that it has come to be regarded as indispensable to proper development. Its weight and substance are apparent on a casual inspection but its wonderful influence on all bi'anches of training is only fully un- derstood by the initiated. Its exercises give fair employment to all parts of the body and to both sides equally. If the muscles in the left side and arm of the beginner are much weaker than the others, as is almost invariably the case, additional attention to the left hand exercises will soon equalise matters. In purchasing dumb bells the same precautions should be taken as advised for Indian clubs. Except the beginner is unusually ro- bust he cannot get them too light. They may be replaced by heavier ones as he progresses in expertness and strength. The modern wooden bells are more generally recommended than metal ones as the}' are not so chilly to the touch or noisy in con- tact with each other or on the floor. The various positions and movements in which the bells may be used are directly and powerfully conducive to erectness of carriage and freedom of limb. In exercising, keep tlie head up, and breathe deep and full, allowing the chest to expand to the utmost. The time to take a full breath is when the muscles are relaxed. The only drawback to the universal popularity and adoption of dumb bells as a means of exercise confronts almost every be- ginner, not only in the privacy of his room but in the majority of gymnasiums where the instructor is not thoroughly conversant with the rudiments. The writer can recall numberless instances, where a youth started practicing with dumb bells at home or in some slovenly conducted gymnasium. The method, or, rather, lack of method, was to plug away with rapidly waning energy for a couple of weeks at a few un- couth motions he had either conceived or heard were the proper thing. At this stacre the weari'^ome monotony of the daily grind ■DUMB BELTi EXERCISE. 4S beoame unbearable and he dropped the bells permanently in disen- chanted disgust. This difficulty can be easi y avoided by beginning properly with the simplest movements. The fiist few of these thoroughly mas- tered and committed to memory lead him on by agreeable grada- tions into the more complieatod motions, and his enthusiasm de- velops in proportion with his muscles. To lay the foundation for a proper course of exercises effectively undivided attention should first be given to the practice of a series of motions without the bells. They are almost indispensable to a thorough enjoyment of the bell exercises at a later stage and are besides very attractive and beneficial in themselves. Indeed so permanent is their fascination, that while empty headed and callow youths ignore them as childish, accomplished gymnasts and muscular pfodigies such as Prof. GeorgeGoldie, New York Ath- letic Club, and President W. B. Curtis, of the Metropolitan Associa- tion, rarely turn out to their daily avocations without going through the whole series with undimmed enthusiasm and belief in their eflBcacy. They are here appended in such simplified form that the point may be taken at a glance. Marginal kej- words are given in italics to catch the eye and assist the memory. Place the book open at this page on a rest within range of your eyes, take a mark on the floor or carpet as a guide line and go ahead. If you have a roommate or convenient companion of similar tastes, you might coach each other in turn from the book and establish a mutual benefit association on which you can draw for life. FIRST PRACTICE. Jtention. — Position of attention, the toes to the line. Step to the. rear. — Make a full step to the rear with the left foot, the right following. Step to the front. — Resume the first position. Step to the rear.— A.S before. Left foot forward. — 1. Pass hands to the rear across small of back grasping the right arm just above the elbow, with the right hand supporting the left arm under the elbow. 2. Make a half face to the right, by turning on the heels, so that the back of the left heel touches inside of the right, and the left foot is pointed straight to the front. S. Make a full step to the front with the left foot, the right remaining firm and flat on the ground, the knee braced well «4 DUMB BELIj EXEBCISE. back, the hip pressed forward, the head upright, the chest advanced, shoulders flat, the eyes directed to the front. Recover. — Bring the left foot back to the right. Right foot forward. — 1. Face to the left, the right foot pointed to the front. 2. Step out with the right foot as with the left foot forward. Recover. —Bring the right foot back to the left. Step to the front. — 1. Make a half face to the right and bring the hands down by the sides to the full extension of the arms. 2. Step to the front, resuming the first position at the line. Stand at ease. — Draw back the right foot six inches, placing the hollow of it against the left heel, bringing the weight of the body upon the right leg, the left knee a little bent. Bring the hands together in front of the body, striking the palms smartly together and slipping the palm of the right hand over the back of the V-., chest advanced and eyes directed to the front. Attention. — Position of attention the toes at the line. Astride. — Place the left foot ten inches on the left of the line, toes pointed to the front and slightly turned outwards, the right follow- ing at the same distance on the right, the knees slightly bent, arms hanging straight by the sides. Ready. — Bend the knees until they jut over the toes keeping the heels on the ground at the same time. Stoop from the waist and bring both hands to the centre of the line, the hands closed and to- gether, the thumbs together, knuckles to the ground.. Up. — Straighten the back and lower limbs. At the same time bring the hands close up by the sides and carry them to the full ex- tension of the arms above the shoulders. This extension may be repeated six times. Halt. — Lower the hands to the sides and come to the position of attention behind the line. Step to the rear. — As before. Step to the right. — Make a full step to the right front at the angle at which the toes are pointed from the position of attention, the left following. Step to the left. — 1. Make a half face to the left. 2. Make a full step to the left with the left foot, the right remain- ing lat and firm on the ground the knee braced back and at the instant that the foot meets the ground let the left hand grasp the thigh just above the knee, the thumb inside, the fingers outside, the lower part of the leg and left arm forming a straight and continuous DDMB liEIili EXEBCISE. 45 line from foot to shoulder, the right arm remaining extended in the line of the right leg. Face to the right.— Tyirn on the heels facing to the right reversing the position of both lower and upper limbs. BELL EXERCISES. Having become thoroughly familiarised with the foregoing, take your dumb bells, place them on the line and come to attention with jour toes touching them. EXERCISE I. Step to the rear. — As in first practice. Left foot fonvard. — Make a half face to the right and step to the front with the left foot as in first practice, the left hand grasping the thigh just above the knee as the foot comes to the ground, the right •rm extended in the line of the right leg. Right hand. — Seize the bell with the right hand the lower limbs remaining in position. Up. — liaise the bell above the shoulder bending the arm during the ascent to the full extension of the at-m leaning strongly on the left knee and pressing the chest to the front during the ascent of the bell. In this position the left leg to the knee and the left arm should form one continuous line from foot to shoulder. Down. — Lower the bell, replace it on the line and recover as in first practice. Right foot forward. — As in first practice and go through previous motion with bell in left hand and recover. EXERCISE II. Left foot forward. — As before. Both hand**. — Seize a bell in each hand, arms passing on either aide of the knee. Up. — Raise the bells above the shoulders, bending the arms dur- ing the ascent to their full extension, keeping the left knee bent and pressing the chest to the front during tlie ascent of the bells. Down.— Bring the bells straight down by the sides, replace them on the mark and recover. Right foot forward. — And repeat previous motions. EXERCISE III. Lcftfoot forward.— As before. Rpcovrring riijld /tinici.t— Seize bell in right hand. 46 DUMB BELIi EXEKClbB. Up. — Eecnver and at same time elevate the bell above the shoulde.. to full extension of the arm. Left foot forward. — Step to the front with the left foot, retaining the bell at the elevation above the shoulder and pressing the chest to the front. Down. — As before, then advance right foot forward and repeat previous motions. EXERCISE IV, Left foot forward. — As before. Recovering both hands. — Seize the bells as in exercise II. Up. — Recover and at same time raise both bells above the shoul- ders to full extension of arms. Left foot forward. — As before, retaining bells at the elevation. Dovm. — As before, and recover. Right foot forward. — As before, and repeat previous motions. EXEECISE V. Step to the front.— As in first practice. Astride. — As in first practice. Up and down, ready. — As in first practice, stoop from the waist and seize the bells. Up and down, up. — The action and position of the ascent as in first practice, carrying the bells above the shoulders. Down. — Lower the bells, letting them swing to the rear between the legs. Ha/t. — Replace the bells on the mark and resume the position of attention. Step to the rear. — As before. As you advance in proficiency and strength, either or all of the foregoing exercises may be repeated up to six times. Always begin and end. liowever, with the performance of those moderate and gen- tle movements which nearest approach the ordinary motions of your every day life. Abruptness in beginning or ending severe ex- ercise is injurious. A SIMPLEE SERIES. For any one whose lower limbs are sufficiently exercised in his daily avocations, the following exercises are generally considered adequate. They have not the grace, attractiveness and variety of the preceding ones. With busy men, however, thpy are likely to continue more popu- ;?\r 83 they occupy less time and attention. DUMB BET.Ii EXERCISE. 47 Each motion described is illustrated by a cut, which makes it clear to the veriest novice. Persons in going through these exercises should remember that by turning the hands they are exercising the muscles of the arm and shoulder differently, and that when the arm is raised its upper- most muscles are doing the work. It would be also well to glance first, over the preliminary instruc- tions for the other exercises, as to attitude and breathing. Fig. 1. Hold the bells at the side with the arms pendant. Drav/ the bells up to the arm pits, turning the wrist as far in as possible. Repeat this and all other movements until fatigued. Fig. 2. Hold the arms horizontally in front, pass them back on a line with the shoulders as far as possible, crossing the arms in returning. Fig. 3. Eaise the bell from the pendant position to a line with the shoulders, turn the palm out and extend the arm vertically. Reverse the movement, resuming the first position. Fig. 4. Keep the arms straight and swing the bells over the head and as far back as possible, then rererse the direction and swing the arms down past the sides and up behind the back. Fig. 5. Hold the arms at the side, swing the bells out and up strik- ing them together over the head. Vary the movement by swinging one bell up and the other down. Fig. 6. Stand erect, holding the bells at the chest. Step out to the side as far as possible, at the same time extending the arms horizontally. Regain the first position and repeat the movement m the opposite side. Vary the movement by stepping to the front end rear. Fig. 7. Stand with the legs well spread, extend the arms verti cally, bend back as far a"^ possible, then swing the bells down and as far between the legs as possible and up again. Fig. 8. Bend the legs and keep Ihe back straight, touch the bells to the floor, straighten up and extend the arms high above the head standing on tip toe. Fig. 9. Stand with the arms extended over the head, bend grad- ually down, as far as you can, keeping the arras extended, then slowly resume the upright po!^ition and bend to the other side in the same maiu.er. 4}S BUMB-BELL EXERCISE. rif.L fig. 2. Fig. 3. N s... \, / Ute ifmnuxm, oc 9eoor>d trlaija shall be allowed. 6. The judges shall mitrS,, eacn for himself, in a ratio to t»ve points for a perfect performance, laKing into consideration: 1. The difli- culty of the exercise. 2. The beauty <>I the combination nnd its ex- ecution. 3. The general form vt the contestant. 7. The winner of the ompetition snail oe tne one havui^j obtained 'lie hlgpest aggregate number oi p.>int6, next nufheet semmd, and soon. Clubs weighing ttiree pounds each shall be used, aod •«eL oon restart ne allowed five minutu)^ for >i oertorman.* (JSCrUL HlWTS. If during' your first week your muscles feel sore, use arnica; and If a joint be particularly sensitive, it may be wrapped in a cloth satur- ated with arnica and surrounded by a thick flannel wrapper which should be allowed to remain during the night. This will very soon relieve any soreness which the unwonted exercise may produce. Cleansing the skin by a copious bath of one kind or another every day is an absolute necessity to perfect and vigorous health. Water is accessible to everybody and is about the only luxury that cannot be used to excess. One who has not access to a bath room can at least use a sponge liberally morning and night. A very feasible method of securing a substitute for a bath is sug- gested by a Boston professor of physical culture. His plan is : Procure a bathing mat, or make one by sewing a rope into a piece of rubber cloth four or five feet in diameter. On springing out of bed spread this mat on the floor close to your wash basin, which should contain three or four quarts of water. Standing in the center of the mat with bathing mittens on (these are simply little bags made of an old towel), dip into the bowl and apply the water rapidly to every part of the body. The bathing mittens will carry from the wash bowl to your body considerable water. Apply it liberally to the chest, back and arms, and to every part of the body as rapidly as your hands can move. Then, first with a soft towel, and then with a rough one, wipe the body quickly, and with that vigor and earnestnes^ which men display in wrestling or boxing. The feet should receive hard friction, and for a moment, standing with the soles upon a seam in the carpet, twist them from side to side while they sustain the weight of the body. Nothing will warm them so quickly, while the heat will continue for some time. It should also be borne in mind that daily ablutions, even on thf liberal scale pointed out, do not reduce the necessity of a thoroug' scrubbing in a warm bath once a waw SuUHE SPALDING OtRADE-IVIARK^ SPALDING GOLD MEDAL INDlAiN ci.o. Model, material and finuh are aa perfect as the mort complete and up-to-date factory c NATURAL COLOR. LATHE POUSKED. HIGH FINISH Spalding Gold Medal Indian Clubs are made of selected first grade c maple, in two popular models and are perfect in balance. Each c bears fac-simile of the Spalding Gold Medal. Each pair is wrapped in paper bag. Model E — Weights specified are for each club S lb. Pair, $ .SSi(S6.S4 Doz. \ODoz. H lb. •• .45* 4.5(J •• 2 lb. ■■ .75* S./O " I lb. " .50* 5.16 " 3 lb. " 1.00*/^.*" " Model BS— Weights specified are for each club S lb. Pair. $ .25ifS3.36 Doz. 1^ lb. Pair, $ .^SifS5J6 Doz. \ lb. •• .40* 3.96 " 2 lb. •• .70* ~.20 " 1 lb " .45* 4.44 " 3 lb. " .85* 'I.IJ " Spalding Exhibition Clubs dsomely finished in ebonite ; for exhibition and le clubs are hollow, with large body, mely light, represent a club weigh- Indian Club and Dumb Bell Hangers ,. Pair. 15c.*..s7.6,f j9')?. M. Mounted on oak strips. Pair. 25c.* X'./7^/>o--. Savage Bar Bell aped ends, with a flexible hickory shaft lilar to that obtained with the French wai __^»:*^ Especially designed by =*•# Dr. Watson L. Savage. ,d. Each. 50c.*Ji5.7(^;/Jt>s. Spalding Ash Bar Bells ,^k No 2 Selected material, highly polished, O 5 feet long. . Each. 45c* ^Z..*.^ /)o.-. School Wand 5 feet lo Calisthenic Wand No. 3. 3 ' .• feet long. Straight grain maple. black finish. Each. 12c. * SI .20 Do:. TAs prirM jyrintcd in italics opposite items marked \ On Wands and Bar pound, and on one-half dozen pairs or mare id Bar BcUs auantity prices unll be Mowed on c feet long. I inch diameter. Black .... Each, 15c. * SI. 44 Doz. p quoted only on orders far one dozen pairs or ver one pound in weight. PflOMPT mENTION GIVEN I m COMMUNICITIONS iODflESSED ID US A.G.SPALDING & BROS. STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES FOR COMPUTE LIST OF STORES SEE INSIDE FRONT COVED OF THIS BOOK 'Pnca in effeil luly 5, I9I4. Suh/tcl lo c/wngc tt'ilAoul nolice. For Canadian fnm sec ipeaal Canadian Caloloeuc rtj^ THE SRALDING(ii))TRADE-MARK Z, SANDOW'S PATENT SPRING GRIP DUMB BELLS A. G. Spalding & Bros.. Sole American and Canadian Licensees An entire system of physical culture is ^^^^S ■ embraced within the exercises possible with these wonderful dumb bells. B^l 1 The bells are made m two halves connected by steel springs, the effort necessary in grip- ping compelling the pupil to continually devote his whole mind to each movement This con- Hh ^ centration of will power on each muscle involved is what is responsible for the great results obtained through properly exercising with them. ffl 1 No 6. MEN'S. Nickel-plated ; seven steel springs. . . . . Pair. $3.00 No 5. MEN'S. Black enameled, fiv.- steel springs ... Pair. $2.00 No. 4. LADIES' Nickel-plated; five steel springs Pair. $2.50 No. 2. BOYS'. Nickel-plated ; four steel springs Pair. $2.00 pDumt gre.tes Sandow Patent Spring Cr B ■• I'i Ib.Bells. " 70c.-* 7 jl? " 2 lb. Bells. Pair, 80c. -k SS.-'^J Doz Spalding Trade-Mark Wood Dumb BelU Model AW (Stained Finish.) Spalding Trade-Mark quality. Made of good ma- terial and superior in shape and finish to the best wood dumb bells of other makes. Each pair wrapped in paper bag. Weights specified are for each bell Vz lb. Bells. Pair. 35c. i( ■S3.,S6 Doz I lb. BeUs. Pair, 45c. if S4.44 Doz K. lb. Bells. •• 40c.*- 3 90 " I '2 Ib.Bells. " 55c.-* 5.10 " 2 1b. Bells. Pair. 70c.-* J7.W/)<;rr. Spalding Iron Dumb Bells— Made on approved models, nicely bal- anced and finished in black enamel. Sizes 2 to 40 lbs. Pound 6c. -* 5c. lb. Over 40 lbs. Pound 8c. -* i,',c. lb. weight 25 lbs. or more for complete Bar Bell, supplied regularly with steel handles, length 3 feet between bells . . 12c. lb. -* lO'zC II Bells, weight 25 lbs. or more for complete Ba with steel handles, either shorter or longer tha regular length, as noted above. 15c. lb. -* IS^ic. 11 Prices for Bar BelU. weighing other thui above, quoted I Rubber Bands rices in italics unit of iron dumb bells or 100 lbs. or more of bar bells. Spalding Nickel-Plated Dumb Bells (Nickei-Piated and Poiuhed) No. IN. I lb. Pair, 30c. -* S.IJ-I Dos. No. 3N. 3 lb. Pair, 70c. -* S7.5b Doz. No. 2N. 2 lb. ■• 50c. -A- 5.-I0 " No. 4N. 4 lb. " 85c -* 9.2S " No. 5N. 5 lb. Pair, $1.00 -* iUl.SO Doz. WITH RUBBER BANDS No. IB. I lb. Pair, 50c. -* .^5.411 Doz. No 3B. 3 lb. Pair, ^\.Wi-kSIO.SO Doz. No 23. 21b. " 75c.-* A.y^^ " No.4B.41b. " 1.25* 13.50 " No. SB. 5 lb. Pair. $1.50 * SJii.20 Doz. The ft'ices printed in italics opposite items marked with * will be quoted onlv on orders for one-dozen pairs or more on sizes up to cue pound, and till one-half dozen pairs or more on sizes over one pound in weight Qiiantily prices will NOT be allowed on items NOT marked with -* PROMPT AnENTlON GIVEN TO ANT COMMUNICATIONS i ADDRESSED TO US A.G.SPALDING & BROS. STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORBll 'iE INSIDE FRONT COVER 1 •^' OFTHISBOOt || c/fed hliiS. 1914 SubjetJ to change without n For Canadian prices see special Canadian Cafaloew SPALDING CHAIN BELT ROWING MACHINE No. 600 Suitable Alike for the Athlete or the Ordinary Man or Woman No. 600. The ideal boat for hi ing purposes. Brings the ind train- usually obtained on river or lake into the home or bed- room. Fitted with roller seat and adjustable shoes to fit either a tall or a short person. Thumb-nut arrangement controlling belt allows ning parts, imitating tbe resistance which exists when forcing a row boat through the water. The resistance may be reduced for the weaker sex or increased to suit the strongest athlete. Oars are pivoted in such a way that operator can handle and turn them same as he would during the return and feathering motion with a boat oar. Floor space required, 6x5 feet Each, $30.00 SPALDING FRICTION ROWING MACHINE No. 119 du No. 119. The means used ance is a simple frictici instant hold at and retains the pr when it instantly re boat. Quickly taken apart any bolts or screws. Each able to any amount of f Do notAise oil on friction cylinder, not pcrfeclly smooth a Utile clear soap rubbcJ v Its surface will properly correct its action. Floor space required, 4/2 feet by 4'; feet. Complete, $16.00 Particularly suitable the next opportunity f No. 5 (see opposite page) whi arm adji arranged so that they can be pulled a bracket close to the floor. SPALDING ROWING ATTACHMENTS For use with No. 5 Chest Weight Machines Can be detached from the weight machine quickly < No. R No. R. Designed to fill the demand for a low priced article of this kind, built along substantial lines. Gives entire satisfaction. Floor space requirei A)i feet by 12 inches Complete, $7.50 No. 1. This, attachment,, arms simitar to the rowing will be noted, has out-riggers and achine, and offers a great variety of connection with chest weight. Floor space by 4>^ feet Complete, $10.00 ^OTE-Th^ foot bar. "' 3.50 Spalding Trapeze Bars WITHOUT ROPE No. IB. 2,'2 feet long, bars only. Each. $1.25 No. 2B. 3 feet long, bars only. Each, $1.50 No. 3B. 3J4 feet long, bars only. Each. $1.75 Spalding Mattresses The value of a good mattress- as a preventative of strams and bruises in home exercises is not generally recognized, but it is a fact that in this one feature lies their chief value. They are also indispensable as an adjunct to home acro- batics, and in fact, for most any kind of home gymnasium work, they are well nigh indispensable. The mats listed belovf are designed especially for home use and are recom- mended for that purpose only. Supplied only in sizm and materials specified. with two layers of best one-inch hair felt, closely tufted and strongly No. 00. Size 3x5 feet Each. $8.00 No. 02. S No. 01. Size 4 X 6 feet '■ 12.00 No. 03. S Cover heavy c No. WX. Siz Special Wrestling Mattresses afted, 2 inches thick. Complete with corduroy 12 feet Each. $90.00 No. WXX llPROMPTHTTENTION GIVEN TO INT COMMUNICITIONS A.G.SPALDING &, BROS. STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES "Kswrii 'hly5.i9l4- Subjtc > change without noltu. For Canadian pricu see special Canadian Catalogue, imMJIIl^JJI.II!l,l(«Wr«.li>'JJrl!l«MII SPALDING HOME GYMNASIUM BOARD A complete gymnasium for the home on one board. Floor space required, 3 feet by 2 feet. Height, 8 feet. Floor board and staple plate only are attached permanently. Upper board is held in position by pressure of guy rod and will not mar the wall in the slightest degree. Consists o/ Board, with attachments for fastening to floor of room, so that walls need not be marred $10.00 Spalding Abdominal Masseur 10.00 No. PR. Spalding Adjustable Disk. Complete with Striking Bag. 7.50 No. 2. Spalding Chest Weight Machine, including .pair of 5-lb. Dumb Bells 5.00 Complete, all attached, $32.50 Board itself will be furnished separately if desired. .... Each, $10.00 As the complete outfit is made up and carried in stock by us, equipped as noted above, we cannot supply board with different articles already attached. Spalding Automatic Abdominal Masseur Useful for treatment of constipation, based upon the principle of mus- cular contraction (the force which nature uses). It effectually applies force in the same direction that nature does, and will gradually discard the use of cathartics. A few moments" use each night, before retiring, and in the morning, upon arising, is all that is necessary. Its action upon the liver and stomach is equally as prompt and effective, and derangements of these organs are speedily remedied Complete, $10.00 Spalding Bar Stall Bench Spalding Leather Covered Shot No. 205. Hard pine, strong and substantial. Top padded with hair felt, canvas c6vered.; Preferable, for sanitary reasons that canvas be painted (a spe- cial elastic paint isused),unless specifiod. stock benches will be so furnished. . Each, $4.00 No. A. For abdominal An iron ball, wound with electric tape and then covered with very soft, smooth grade of horse hide. 6 or 8 lbs. weight Each, $5.00 Spalding Bar Stalls No. 20H. Adapted for use in the home; compact, of simple construction, used for the greatest variety of movements affecting every part of the body, and especially abdomen and chest movements. Erected against wall, behind door, or any flat surface. 8 feet high, 36 inches wide and extends 6 inches into room. Floor space required, I ft. by 2'.i ft. Height, 8 ft. Per section, $8.00 PROMPTlTTlKTIONGIVtNTOl m COMMUNICtTIONS iODRESSEO TO US A.G.SPALDING & BROS. STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES I FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STOBES SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER OF THIS BOOlfe •Prtco in €0Kl July 5, 1914 SubiccI to change \athout notice. Fof Canadian price) xc ificaat Canadian Colaloiut, ^ZlWE SPALDING i^iTRADEMARK SPALDING EXERCISING EQUIPMENT. BASE BALL TEAMS organized for the season only, disband usually until the following year unless something is done to keep the players together during the winter months. A moderate priced outfit of Spaldmg Exercising Apparatus installed in the club room provides the means for healthful recreation that in- 5 a winning team on the base ball Outfit No. H Recreation Rod Outht No. H. referred to b^ gested exclusively for being suitable for use by those of vary ing ages, with sufficient equipmen ehown to supply as many as are likely t< be using the room at the same time unde ordinary circumstances, while addiliona equipment may be added as required t< take care of a larger number without dis arranging the balance of the outfit. Consisting of: I No. 1 2 Chest Weight Machine. I No. 3 Head and Neck Attachm-t. I pr. No. 3 Swing.Rings.leathoi cov I No. 1 19 Laflin Rowing Machine. I No. I Mohne Platform. I No 18 Striking Bag. I No.74WallHon7ont,andVaull.BM. 1 No. 03 Mattress. 2 pairs No. 6 Sandow Dumb Bells. I pair No. 5 Sandow Dumb Bells. 1 set No 15 Boxing Cloves. t set No 118 Boxing Glove* I No. 12 Medicine Ball. 1 No 1 1 Medicine Ball. and other find a Rec Spalding E profitable ii depending upi likely to use the roon ■ For the purpose of office workers, ercantile establishm. t.on Room fitted out cising Equipment a i The room i the number who tthe Price is F.O.B. I L$bipping weight of complete outfit, 570 Ibt. No. K Athletic Club Outfit Conffijftnc of: 2 No 5 Chest Weight Machines. I No. 3 Head and Neck Attachment. 1 No. 2 Foot and Leg Attachment. 2 No 20H Bar Stalls. I No. 600 Kerns- Rowing Machine. I pair No 3 Swinging Rings, leather covered. 5 only No. 3 Swmging Rmgs, leather covered. . ( For traveling rings.40 (t. length o( room required J 5 to 1 6 ft. height) I No. 1 Mohne Str.kmg Bag Platform. I No G Striking Bag. I No. 74 Wall Horizontal and Vaulting Bar. 1 No. 101 Parallel Bar. 2 No. 03 Mattresses. 2 pairs No. 6 Sandow Dumb Bells. I pair No. 5 Sandow Dumb Bells. I pair No.- 2 Sandow Dumb Bells. ^ set No. 218 Boxing Gloves. I set No. 1 18 Boxing Gloves. I No. 12 Medicine Ball. I No. 1 1 Medi i pair lO-lb. Ir I only 25.1b. I, I only SO-lb. I. No. G Home Outfit banks Outfit No. G is arranged particularly for^ nents, use in recreation room of a private hotuc t with It provides a great variety of simple ex. ercising apparatus at a very moderate cost. The equipment is suitable for ues by those of varying ages of both sexe*. "—•-iiiB nT: I No. 5 Chest Weight Machine. lNo.3HeadandNeckAttachm't. I No. 2 Foot and Leg Attachment I No. 20H Bar Stall. ^J I No. 205 Bar Stall Bench. \^ I No. A Doorway Horizontal Bar. r I No. I Home Gymnasium. ii I No., 600 Kerns' Row. Machine. ,- 1 No PR Striking B?g Disk. e. I No. 10 Striking Bag. No. I Abdominal Masseur, pair No. 6 Sandow Dumb Bells, pair No. 2 Sandow Dumb BelU. No. 02 Mattress. No. 12 Medicine Ball. Price •• F.O.B Store. List Shipping we ight I le Ball. Dumb 1 Dumb 1 Dumb No. J Athletic Club Outfit CoTigiiting of: No. 5 Chest Weight Machine. No.- 3 Head and Neck Attachment. . No. 2 Foot and Leg Attachment. No. 20H Bar Stall. No. 600 Kerns' Rowing Machine, pair No. 3 Swinging Rings, leather covered No. 74 Wall Horizontal and Vaulting Bar : No. 03 Mattresses. No. I Moline Striking Bag Platform. No. G Striking Bag. set No. 15 Boxing Gloves. set No. 1 18 Boxing Gloves. pairs No. 6 Sandow Dumb Bells. pair No. 5 SandovY Dumb Bells. pair No. 2 Sandow Dumb Bells^ No. 12 Medicine Ball. No. 1 1 Medicine Ball. Price F.O.B. nearest A. C. Spalding & Bros. Store. List on insid.- fi cover of this catalogue. Shipping weight of complete outfit, 7ZS NOTE- Where space and funds permit we recommend ' of the above OulfiU, one of our special Wr< ceFOl Mate. No. WX. Size No. WXX. Size AkoVaultmBHo PROMPT tnENTION GIVEN TO I m COMMONICtTIONS AOOBESSEO TO US A. G. SPALDING xK BROS. STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES y FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES SEE INSIOE FRONT COVER OF THIS BOOK "Prlca in tgcd July 5, I9H. Subject I |Biirand-Steel| I ^Lockersp Wo*4eii lockers are obJectionable»i fctoaata they attract vermin, absorb odors,: MB be easily broken into, and are dangerous •■ Mcount of fire. l«ckers made from wire mesh 61f wryaniril metal afford Uttle secar* Ity, as they can be easily entered with wire cut- tar*. Clothes placed in them become covered whh dust, and the lockers themselves present • poor appearance, resembling animal cages Barmnd'Steel Liockers are made of finest (r»d« furniture steel and are finished with -P""' gioas black, furnace-baked japan (400°), comparable .0 that used on hospiul ware, which will never flake off nor require refinishing, as do paints and enamels. Some of ihh A.OOO Ourand-Steel Lockers Irstalted In fl^ Cymnaslums of Chicago. I2'« I0'« 42', Doubtf Tl«». il>?irand - Steel Lockers are usually buili with f^o.i,? norforated luU length in panel design with sides £11 j -.acks solid. This prevents clothes in one locker from coming in contact with wet garments in adjoining lockers, while plenty of venti iation is secured by having the door perfc rated its entire length, but, if the purchaser prefers, we perforate the backs also. , ^ The cost of Dnrand-Steel Lockers Is no more than that of flrst-class Vooden lockers, and they last as long as the building, are sanitary, secure, «nA in addition, are fire-proof. ^ The following Standard Sizes &ag' THOSE MOST COMMONLY USED: DOUBLE TIER 13 I 13 I 3e Inch 13 1 ia«36 Inch 12 I 13 «4a Inch lo I 19 x4a Inch SINGLE TIER 12 > i2ieo Inch IS > IS >eo Inch 12 I 12x72 Inch IB I IB > 72 Inch Speclil Sizes made to ordep. We are handhng lockers as a special coJ» tract business, and shipment will in every case be made direct from the factory in Chicago. If you will let us know the num- bei of lockers, size and arrangement, wo Bhall be glad to take up, through wmb rpon HonoA *h» fOAttjtr of priaet PROMPT tTTEHTIflH GIVEN TO ANT COMMUNICATIONS MOIIESSEITOUS A. G.SPALDING & BROS. STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES SEE INSIDE FRONT COVEfl ^ OF THIS Boot 'PitoalntfftsI laty 5. 1914. Suklat le ehingc wilhoul noUet, For CanaJUm prita tet iticclal CanaJim Calalcfut. standard Policy A Standard Quality must be inseparably linked to a Standard Policy. Without a definite and Standard Mercantile Policy, it is impossible for a Manufacturer to long maintain a Standard Qyality. To market his goods through the jobber, a manufacturer must provide a profit for the jobber as well as for the retail dealer. To meet these conditions of Dual Profits, the manufacturer is obliged to set a proportionately high list price on his goods to the consumer. To enable the glib salesman, when booking his orders, to figure out attractive profits to both the jobber and retailer, these high list prices are absolutely essential; but their real purpose will have been served when the manufacturer has secured his order from the jobber, and the jobber has secured his order from the retailer. However, these deceptive high list prices are not fair to the consumer, who does not, and, in reality, is not ever expected to pay these fancy list prices. When the season opens for the sale of such goods, with their misleading but alluring high list prices, the retailer begins to realize his responsibilities, and grapples with the situation as best he can, by offering "special discounts," which vary with local trade conditions. Under this system of merchandising, the profits to both the manufacturer and the jobber are assured ; but as there is no stability maintained in the prices to the consumer, the keen competition amongst the local dealers invariably leads to a demoralized cutting of prices by which the profits of the retailer are practically eliminated. This demoralization always reacts on the manufacturer. The jobber insists on lower, and still lower, prices. The manufacturer, in his turn, meets this demand for the lowering of prices by the only way open to him, viz.: the cheap- ening and degrading of the quality of his product. The foregoing conditions became so intolerable that 15 years ago, in 1899, A. G. Spalding & Bros, determined to rectify this demoralization in the Athletic Goods Trade, and inaugurated what has since become known as " The Spalding Policy." ^ The " Spalding Policy " eliminates the jobber entirely, so far as Spalding Goods are concerned, and the retail dealer secures the supply of Spalding Athletic Goods direct from the manufacturer by which the retail dealer is assured a fair, legitimate and certain profit on all Spalding Athletic Goods, and the consumer is assured a Standard Quality and is protected from imposition. The "Spalding Policy" is decidedly for the interest and protection of the users of Athletic Goods, and acts in two ways : First. —The user is assured of genuine Official Standard Athletic Goods. Second. — As manufacturers, we can proceed with confidence in purchasing at the proper time, the very best raw materials required in the mainufacture of our various goods, well ahead of their respective seasons, and this enables us to provide the necessary quantity and absolutely maintain the Spalding Standard of Quality. All retail dealers handling Spalding Athletic Goods are requested to supply consumers at our regular printed catalogue prices— neither more nor less-the same prices that sirnilar goods are sold for in our New York, Chicago and other stores. All Spalding dealers, as well as users of Spalding Athletic Goods, are treated exactly alike, and no special rebates or discriminations are allowed to anyone. This briefly, is the "Spalding Policy," which has already been in successful operation for the past I 5 years, and will be indefinitely continued. In other words, "The Spalding Policy " is a " square deal " for everybody, A. G. SPALDING & BROS. By ^l^ij/l^^^^^^^^^^. standard Quality An article that is universally given the appellation "Standard" is thereby conceded to be the criterion, to which are compared all other things of a similar nature. For instance, the Gold Dollar of the United States is the Standard unit of currency, because it must legally contain a specific proportion of pure gold, and the fact of its being Genuine is guaranteed by the Government Stamp thereon. As a protection to the users of this currency against counterfeiting and other tricks, considerable money is expended in maintaining a Secret Service Bureau of Experts. Under the law, citizen manufacturers must depend to a great extent upon Trade-Marks and similar devices to protect themselves against counterfeit products — without the aid of "Government Detectives" or "Public Opinion" to assist them. Consequently the "Consumer's Protection" against misrepresentation and "inferior quality" rests entirely upon the integrity and responsibility of the " Manufacturer." A. G. Spalding fit Bros, have, by their rigorous attention to "Quality," for thirty-eight years, caused their Trade-Mark to become known throughout the world as a Guarantee of QueJity as dependable in their field as the U. S. Currency is in its field. The necessity of upholding the Guarantee of the Spalding Trade-Mark and maintaining the Standard Quality of their Athletic Goods, is, therefore, as obvi- ous as is the necessity of the Government in maintaining a Standard Currency. Thus each consumer is not only insuring himself but also protecting other consumers when he assists a Reliable Manufacturer in upholding his Trade- Mark and all that it stands for. Therefore, we urge all users of our Athletic Goods to assist us in maintaining the Spalding Standard of Elxcellence, by insisting that our Trade-Mark be plainly stamped on all athletic goods which they buy, because without this precaution our best efforts towards mainteiining Standard Quality and preventing fraudulent substitution will be ineffectual. Manufacturers of Standard Articles invariably suffer the reputation of being nigh-priced, and this sentiment is fostered and emphasized by makers of "inferior goods," with whom low prices are the main consideration. A manufacturer of recognized Standard Goods, with a reputation to uphold and a guarantee to protect must necessarily have higher prices than a manufac- turer of cheap goods, whose idea of and basis of a claim for Standard Quality depends principally upon the eloquence of the salesman. We know from experience that there is no quicksand more unstable than poverty in quality — and we avoid this quicksand by Standard Quality. ^-'''^^^^^^<^^ X?<^U< LIBRftRY OF CONGRESS 005 900 359 8 % BRARY K L covers every Athletic Sporl and is Official and Standard Price 10 cents each :^,„. SPALDING.:^ ATHLETIC GOODS PARIS. 1901 ARE THE STANDARD OF THE WORLl A.G. Spalding 'a Bros. NEW YORK CHICAGO BOSTON MILWAUKEE PHILADELPHIA DETROIT NEWARK CINCINN ST. LOUIS KA.NSAS CITY SAN FRANXISCO lTI LOS ANGEX-ES h. BUFFALO COLL SYRACUSE INI ROCHESTER I BALTIMORE WASHINGTON LONDON. ENGLAND LIVERPOOL. ENGLAND BIRMINGHAM. ENGLAND MANCHESTER. ENGLAND EDINBURGH. SCOTLAND GLASGOW. SCOTLAND f-nrtnnfs o^»nfd and ope rated by AC Spa I CLEVELAND SEATTLE COLUMBUS SALT LAKE CIT^ INDIANAPOLIS PORTLAND R PITTSBURGH MlNNEAPOLI! iTON ATLANTA ST. PAUL LOUISVILLE DENVER ) NEW ORLEANS DALLAS ^ND MONTREAL. CANADA AjjD TORONTO, CANAD; FLAND PARIS. FRANCE FLAND SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA AC Soaldino A Bros, and w^erc cl/ofSpa/d:nj NEW TORK CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO CHICOPEE, MASS. BROOKLYN BOSTON PHIUtDEI^PHIA LONDON, ENC.