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 LIFE O F 
 
 LUTHER C.LADD 
 
 Who Fell in Baltimore, April 19th, 1861, 
 
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 BY A CtTlZEN OF ALEXANDRIA. 
 
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LIFE OF 
 
 LUTHER C. LIDD, 
 
 THE FIRST MARTYR THAT FELL A SACRIFICE TO HIS 
 
 COUNTRY, IN THE CITY OF BALTIMORE, ON THE 19th 
 
 OF APRIL, 1861, WHILE BRAVELY DEFENDING THE 
 
 FLAG OF THE NATION, EXCLAIMING WITH HIS 
 
 DYING BREATH, 
 
 '' ALL HAIL TO THE STARS AND STRIPES 1 " 
 
 ACCOMPANIED WITH 
 
 A LIKENESS TAKEN FROM LIFE ; 
 
 TOGETHER WITH AN ACCOUNT OF HIS PARENTAGE, AND 
 A DESCRIPTION OF HIS HOME IN ALEXANDRIA, N. H. 
 
 ALSO, AN ACCOUNT OF THE BRILLIANT 
 
 NAVAL ENGAGEMENT AT PORT ROYAL. 
 
 BY A CITIZEN OF ALEXANDRIA. 
 I»RICE 35 CENTS. 
 
 COPYRIGHT SECURED. 
 
 BELFAST, ME.: 
 
 PUBLISHED BY J. W. DICKINSON. 
 
 1862. 
 

 "^ I S- 1 H -I 
 
TO THE PATRIOTIC YOUNG MEN OF THE LOYAL STATES 
 
 THAT HAVE VOLUNTARILY ENLISTED TO 
 
 DEFEND THE CONSTITUTION, SUPPORT THE UNION, 
 
 AND 
 
 QUELL REBELLION, 
 
 THIS WORK IS MOST RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED 
 
 BY THE 
 
 AUTHOR. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 In presenting this work, this history of Luther C. Ladd, 
 of Alexandria, to the loyal American Public, the Author 
 believes that the perusal of the same will be interestino- to 
 the Community; and to the Union-loving man at this time, it 
 will be a source of pride to knoAv and feel that brave and 
 noble actions are remembered and honored by a grateful 
 people. 
 
 It is the Author's fortune to have known Luther C. Ladd 
 from infancy and to have been present at his funeral, — one of 
 the vast cortege that followed his remains to the grave. 
 
 Not much is said of the mother of Luther, as she died 
 when her son was seven years of age, leaving a bereaved 
 husband and six children to mourn the loss of a kind com- 
 panion and an affectionate mother. 
 
 The father, John Ladd, subsequently married the sister 
 of his first wife with whom he now lives. 
 
 It is probable that our young hero inherited the love of 
 adventure from his father's family. John Ladd was too 
 young to engage in the war of 1812, but two of his older 
 brothers served during the war. 
 
 For the account of the funeral ceremonies that occurred 
 at Lowell, we are indebted to the Editor of the Vox Populi. 
 
 Since this work was written, by the urgent request of the 
 Governor of Massachusetts and the Municipal Authorities 
 of Lowell, the friends of the deceased have consented that 
 his remains should be removed from Alexandria to Lowell 
 where they now remain entombed, with the assurance, that 
 when the smoke of the conflict shall have passed away, a 
 suitable monument shall be erected, by the patriotic citizens 
 of Massachusetts, to the memory of Luther C. Ladd and 
 Addison O. Whitney, the first mahtyrs in this eventful war. 
 
INTRODUCTION. 
 
 More than half a million of patriots are now in arms to 
 crush the rebellion, to sustain the Constitution, and preserve 
 the Union. They have nobly responded to their Country's 
 call ; they have rallied around our National Ensign, the old 
 Flag of our Country — that flag that waved triumphantly 
 over the Hero of New Orleans and his brave eompanions 
 in 1815 ; that the dying Lawrence gazed upon with glassy, 
 half closed eyes, when he uttered the memorable sentence, 
 " Don't give up the Ship ;" that the gallant Perry flung to 
 the breeze on Lake Erie ; that the hero of Lundy's Lane 
 and Chapultepec unfurled to the winds on the Halls of the 
 Montezumas ; that the invincible Taylor waved over his 
 head as he drove the myrmidons of Santa Anna from the 
 field of Buena Vista ; this glorious old flag, crimsoned by 
 the blood of Revolutionary heroes, bedecked with stars at 
 Bunker Hill, Saratoga, Trenton, and Yorktown, must not 
 he dishonored. It has waved over our heads from infancy. 
 Its stars have been gazed upon and numbered by every 
 nation on earth; Japanese ladies, that never with naked 
 eye gazed on stranger man, drew aside their veils to catch a 
 view of the broad pennant of Com. Parry's Flag Ship, and 
 even the stoic millions of the "Celestial Empire" beheld 
 the Stars and Stripes with wonder. 
 
 Cursed be the hand that attempts to rend them assunder. 
 Palsied be the heart that seeks to diminish their number. 
 
 The upheavings of twenty million of patriotic hearts, 
 seconded by the invincible bravery of more than half a mil- 
 lion of armed soldiery, must ultimately crush rebellion. 
 
Vlll INTRODUCTION. 
 
 The cordon of gigantic armaments, the hundreds of thou- 
 sands of bristling bayonets that now encircle " Secessia " 
 must crush the monster. True, the gallant Lyon, pressing 
 on to victory fell, with Immortality blessing his name, and 
 Virtue cherishing his memory. Yes, the noble, eloquent, 
 heroic Baker gloriously fell at his post while encountering 
 fearful odds. But millions live to avenge their death. 
 
CHAPTER I. 
 
 Patriotic Feelings. Early Associations. 
 
 It was at the breaking out of this unnatural war, im- 
 mediately after the bombardment of Fort Sumpter, when 
 a thrill of consternation and amazement convulsed all the 
 loyal States, when men silently made oath on the altar 
 of their country, that this insult to our flag should be 
 avenged, that our young hero, in common with the patriotic 
 citizens of the old Commonwealth of Massachusetts, whose 
 soil had been crimsoned by the blood of the Revolutionary 
 Fathers at Concord, Lexington and Bunker Hill, felt that 
 duty, honor^ and love of country demanded his services to 
 defend those Stars and Stripes that had so long waved 
 over the Capital and the Nation. A thousand thanks to 
 the brave soldiers of Massachusetts, who so promptly 
 responded to their country's call, thus saving the Capital 
 from being seized by the rebels. 
 
 The early associations of life give character to the man. 
 The scenery that surrounds him in the morning of his 
 days, helps form his physical, moral and intellectual nature, 
 and his future career depends much upon home scenes 
 and home education. Nature, indeed, gives some physical 
 strength, joined with an inherent love of freedom and a 
 just knowledge of true honor and bravery. The germ of 
 true bravery often developes itself in early life, and the 
 spark of intense patriotism often glows into a flame when 
 the first occasion occurs to manifest its legitimate action. 
 True it is, that the inner nature, revolving within itself 
 
CHAPTER II. 
 
 His Birth Place. Parentage. 
 
 Alexandria, New Hampshire, claims his birth place, 
 the nation his glory. Bravery is engraven upon his 
 escutcheon, and immortality on his memory. The first 
 martyr to liberty in this eventful war will never die. In 
 great national conflicts, in soul-trying emergencies, bravery 
 never dies. The hero that, as the blood exuded from his 
 mortal wounds, with his dying breath and half closed eyes, 
 exclaimed, "ALL HAIL TO THE STARS AND 
 STRIPES !" will live forever. Mothers, as they relate 
 the heroic deeds of the past will point their offspring to 
 young Ladd. The muse that calls down from heaven 
 brave spirits, will hold converse with our young hero. 
 
 Luther Crawford Ladd was born in the Town of Alex- 
 andria, in the County of Grafton, State of New Hamp- 
 shire, on the 22d day of December, A. D. 1843. He 
 was named for Rev. Luther Crawford, a distinguished 
 Baptist Clergyman, and a native of Alexandria, who died 
 several years since in one of the Western cities. His 
 father, John Ladd, of Alexandria, is still living, to mourn 
 over the loss, and to rejoice at the bravery of his son. 
 John Ladd is a man of action, a man of decision, " a man 
 of iron." Having been the father of ten children, (four 
 of whom are now living,) and being dependent on his own 
 efforts to support his family and educate his children, his 
 life has been a busy one. He is a farmer by profession 
 and practice. Ten years since, in order to replenish his 
 
LIFE OF LUTSBR C. LADD. 13 
 
 stock of earthly goods, he went to California, hoping there, 
 on the shores of the Pacific, to find gold more plenty than 
 among the granite hills of New Hampshire. Thus early 
 he embarked for the golden clime. He encountered many 
 perils, by sea and by land, thrice happy in the anticipation 
 of a future competency, buried among the sands of Cali- 
 fornia. After an absence of two years he returned to his 
 family and friends in Alexandria. His success in the 
 mines, like all other miners, is a secret kept in his own 
 bosom. The writer knows that John Ladd still lives, and 
 that he is in comfortable circumstances. If the weary 
 traveller, on a mission of mercy, hungry and faint, should 
 visit Alexandria, and enquire for a quiet place to rest his 
 weary limbs, without money or price, he at once would be 
 directed to John Ladd's. On a plain, or rather an inter- 
 vale, he would find a capacious mansion, two stories high, 
 the interior well finished and famished, surrounded by 
 spacious and convenient out buildings suited to the wants 
 of a farmer. Here lives John Ladd — here once lived 
 the heroic son. 
 
 Within ten rods of the mansion of John Ladd stands a 
 new church, its spire pointing heavenward, seemingly to 
 throw a spirit of enchantment over the place. In this 
 church John Ladd and family worshipped. Here the 
 brave son, with his parents and four sisters, on each Sab- 
 bath morning were seen. By a concurrence of circum- 
 stances this church was built soon after the return of John 
 Ladd from California, in the erection of which he took an 
 active part, — freely contributing " material aid.'* 
 
 John Ladd is an active member of the Methodist Socie- 
 ty and Church in Alexandria. His home is the home of 
 the ministers of the Gospel, the asylum for the needy. 
 
 Within sixty rods, stands the school house where our 
 joung hero attended school, and where he, under the 
 
14 LIFE OF LUTHER C. LADD. 
 
 guidance of competent teachers, acquired a respectable 
 education. He was not so anxious to attain a liberal as 
 a practical education. 
 
 I^It was stated in a previous chapter that the scenes and 
 associations that surround boyhood help make the man. It 
 might have been so with young Luther. Around his home, 
 lie spread two thousand acres of meadow land ; before his 
 father's house is a common on which Luther and his boon 
 companions used to amuse themselves in playing ball, and 
 athletic exercises. Westward, peering to the clouds, rose 
 the bald summit of Old Cardigan Mountain, its top for six 
 months covered with snow and ice, while from its sides 
 leaped sparkling springs of crystal water, downward and 
 onward, forming rivulets, stored with trout, which often 
 afforded our young hero much pleasure in gratifying his 
 angling propensities. 
 
 It sometimes happens, that in the spring of the year, 
 when the snow and ice melt from off " Old Cardigan" and 
 the surrounding mountains in Alexandria, accompanied by 
 heavy rains, that the common in front of John Ladd's 
 house is inundated, and the citizens of the village are in 
 great danger of being swept away by the flood. Indeed, 
 it was but a few years since, when apparently the " win- 
 dows of heaven were opened," and the foaming elements 
 madly leaping from Old Cardigan's side, threatened the 
 entire village with destruction. Oozing springs opened 
 wide their now capacious mouths, bubbling brooks were 
 transformed into mighty rivers, and the converging, furi- 
 ous waters made a vast lake around the entire village, 
 which seemed like a floating city ; while the main channel 
 seemed intent on the destruction of John Ladd's house, 
 which, but for the resistance made by the trunks and 
 roots of two towering elms, must have been washed away. 
 
LIFE OF LUTHER C. LADD. 15 
 
 Here was a scene suited to the romantic taste of our 
 young hero, as he 
 
 "Laughed at the tempest and smiled at the storm." 
 He had an adventurous spirit, a longing desire to reach 
 the topmost point of all spires and flag- staffs. When a 
 mere boy, this love of high seats had nearly cost him his 
 life. Ascending a ladder that reached from the ground 
 to the eaves of the house, still climbing from rafter to 
 rafter till he reached the ridge pole, by a misstep he fell 
 to the bottom of the cellar, a distance of thirty feet, where 
 he was soon caught in the arms of his elder sister, ap- 
 parently lifeless. But by the application of proper re- 
 storatives, the next day he was at play on the common. 
 His time had not yet come. He was destined to die a 
 more honorable death — while defending the flag of his 
 country. 
 
 But we have digressed from a description of our young 
 hero's home. Northward rose the peering hills that over- 
 shadow Alexandria, and form the dividing line between 
 Alexandria and Hebron, the residence of His Excellency 
 Nathaniel S. Berry, the high-minded and patriotic Gov- 
 ernor of New Hampshire. Eastward spreads the clear 
 waters of Newfound Lake, its banks overhung on its 
 western shore with a rampart of granite rocks, piled 
 mountain high by nature, seemingly to mock the puny 
 power of man. The bald eagle soars aloft over her eyry 
 and the waves beat in vain at the base of this " Alex- 
 andria Gibraltar." During the winter, the lake is frozen 
 over, forming an excellent thoroughfare, over which hun- 
 dreds of tons of lumber are transported from Hebron to 
 Bristol Depot. 
 
 Amidst such grand and varied scenery Luther C. Ladd 
 was born. No wonder then, that he should have such 
 exalted ideas of greatness, patriotism and bravery. No 
 
16 LIFE OF LUTHER C. LADD. 
 
 wonder that the towering summit of Cardigan, and the 
 mighty walls of Newfound Lake should fill him with 
 exalted ideas of grandeur and inspire him to perform 
 deeds of bravery. 
 
CHAPTER m. 
 
 Luther at Home. His Father. 
 
 Look yonder ! there stands, or rather walks, the father, 
 a man of middling stature, a piercing eye, dark hair, bil- 
 lions and muscular temperament. See those large oxen ! 
 By their side stands a boy of sixteen summers, short, 
 thick, stout, with the father's eye and thick, heavy eye- 
 brows ; there he walks, driving team to plow or harrow, 
 draw lumber, or clear up land, or whatever needed most 
 to be done. Follow our young farmer. In the spring or 
 winter of 1860, only seventeen years old, he takes his 
 axe and goes into the woods and chops twenty cords of 
 wood. He was inured to hardship, but never shrank 
 from the faithful performance of any necessary labor. In 
 all the departments of country farming he was well skilled, 
 but ever manifested a love for mechanics. With great 
 pleasure he examined the most complicated machinery, 
 and often manifested a desire to learn a trade. Having 
 three sisters in Lowell, in the spring of 1860, he, with 
 the consent of his parents, went to Lowell and there com- 
 menced work in the Lowell Machine Shop. By close at- 
 tention to his business he made rapid progress, and won, 
 by his good behavior, the esteem of his associates and the 
 good will of his overseer. In common with the patriotic 
 citizens of Massachusetts, and particularly Lowell, he 
 anxiously watched the progress of the rebellion and early 
 determined to be in readiness to fight for the flag of his 
 2 
 
18 LIFE OF LUTHER C. LADD. 
 
 country. He therefore early enlisted into the Lowell City 
 Guards, Capt. Hart commander, ready and anxiously 
 '•waiting for the time to come to defend the Stars and 
 Stripes. 
 
 Luther was an only son. Already had death made sad 
 inroads in the family. An affectionate mother laid in the 
 grave, and by her side, in the family burying ground, 
 quietly slept four children. No wonder then, that loving 
 sisters should feel sad when their only brother announced 
 to them that he had " decided to volunteer with his com- 
 pany and fight the rebels," that they need not fear that 
 he "would cover himself with glory." Too patriotic 
 themselves to try to dissuade him from responding to his 
 country's call, and knowing full well the inflexibility of 
 his purpose, they could only commend him to the care 
 of Providence and the destiny that awaited him. 
 
 When the time of his departure came, ho being a minor, 
 a brother-in-law, Mr. Dow of Lowell, in order to test his 
 resolution, offered to intercede in his behalf ; but our young 
 hero indignantly refused to listen to the proposition, say- 
 ing, "/am going to fight for my Stars and Stripes." 
 
 The likeness on the frontspiece was copied from an 
 ambrotype taken on the morning of the day he took his 
 departure for Washington, and left with his sister in 
 Lowell. His uniform was then on, and the firm decision 
 of his mind can be seen in his countenance. 
 
CHAPTER IV. 
 
 Addison Otis Wtiitney. The March. 
 
 It is proper that in this work we should give a brief 
 notice of Addison 0. Whitney, a member of the City 
 Guards, who also fell a victim to the fury of the mob in 
 Baltimore on the 19th of April. The facts we gather 
 from the friends of the lamented Whitney. 
 
 Addison Otis Whitney, son of John T. and Jane B. 
 Whitney, was born in Waldo, Maine, and was twenty-one 
 years of age, Oct. 30, 1860. Two years previous to his 
 death he came to the city of Lowell, where he sustained 
 an upright and unimpeachable character, greatly endearing 
 himself to all who knew him, and especially to the family 
 with whom he boarded, winning the espousal of one who 
 had learned his worth and could reciprocate his love. He 
 also was a member of the Lowell City Guards, and from a 
 high sense of honor of a soldier's duty, promptly respond 
 ed to his country's call. 
 
 " The future historian of America will assign Luther 
 C. Ladd and Addison 0. Whitney a place in history, as 
 the first martyrs of the struggle against rebellion and 
 anarchy." They nobly met death without a murmur: 
 their names will never die. 
 
 The account of the daring march of the Massachusetts 
 Sixth Regiment through the city of Baltimore, on the 19th 
 of April, 1861, is familiar to all. While marching towards 
 the depot they were assaile 1 by a mob, with missiles and 
 brick-bats, and fired upon by traitors to their country 
 
20 LIFE OF LUTHER C. LADD. 
 
 and God. While thus marching, Luther C. Ladd received 
 a mortal wound on the head, which fractured his skull. 
 Stunned by a blow, but still moving onward, a ball passed 
 through his thigh, severing an artery ; casting a farewell 
 look at the flag that waved over him, with glassy eyes, 
 fainting from loss of blood, he fell, exclaiming with his 
 dying breath, 
 
 « ALL HAIL TO THE STARS AND STRIPES ! '* 
 Thus ended the mortal career of Luther C. Ladd. 
 Thus terminated our young hero's ambition. 
 
CHAPTER V. 
 
 Funeral of Luther C. Ladd and Addison 0. Whit- 
 ney. Imposing Ceremonies that transpired on 
 that occasion. 
 
 On receipt of the news of the death of Ladd and 
 Whitney, Col. Jones dispatched Merrill S. Wright of 
 Lowell, from Washington to Baltimore, to take charge of 
 their mortal remains, as also the body of Sumner Henry 
 Needham, who died on the 27th of April, in consequence 
 of wounds received on the 19th. The bodies arrived at 
 the Worcester Depot, in Boston, Wednesday, May the 
 2d. An immense concourse of spectators were present, 
 and the Independent Cadets escorted them to the place set 
 apart for their reception, the tomb under Kings Chapel. 
 Among the distinguished persons present were Gov. An- 
 drew, Cols. Sargent and Lee of his staflP, Gen. Schouler, 
 the Executive Council, Hon. Alexander H. Rice and Hon. 
 John S. Keyes, U. S. Marshall. The bodies were taken 
 from the cars and placed on biers, canopied with flags, 
 conveyed to the side walk and then placed on hearses. 
 The Cadets marched with arms reversed, the Boston 
 Brigade Band playing a dirge. The Governor and other 
 officials followed in carriages to the Chapel. The side- 
 walks along the route and windows were crowded with 
 spectators, and the street draped in mourning. 
 
 It was the desire of the State Authorities that the 
 funeral ceremonies should take place in Boston, but such 
 arrangement not being agreeable to the minds of the 
 
22 LIFE OF LUTHER C. LADD. 
 
 friends of the deceased, it was decided that the funeral of 
 Mr. Needham should take place at Lawrence, and that 
 of Messrs. Ladd and Whitney at Lowell. An especial 
 train, appropriately decorated, was provided, for the pur- 
 pose of bringing the bodies and Committee of Escort to 
 Lowell, 
 
 On arrival at the depot, in Lowell, it was met by the 
 Military Escort under the command of Capt. Proctor, and 
 the Municipal Authorities, all under the command of Chief 
 Marshall Sawtelle. The procession marched to the en- 
 trance of Huntington Hall, the Band playing dirges on 
 the march. The mills, workshops and other places of 
 business were generally closed, and thousands of people 
 assembled in the vicinity of Huntington Hall. The 
 friends and relatives of the deceased had previously en- 
 tered the hall. The caskets containing the bodies, which 
 were enveloped in flags, were brought in and placed in 
 front of the gallery. Mayor Sargent and invited guests 
 took seats on the platform. The members of the City 
 Council and Clergymen were seated immediately behind 
 the mourners. Immediately after, the doors were thrown 
 open and the vast hall was densely filled, and thousands 
 were unable to obtain admission. The hall had been 
 neatly decorated under the direction of Alfred Oilman, 
 Esq, Flags were suspended bearing appropriate mottos? 
 and the original colors of the City Guards were seen con- 
 spicuous in the hall. The platform was covered with dark 
 carpeting, the black being relieved with stars, and the 
 white with black drapery. On the walls, in bold capitals, 
 were the dying words of the heroic Ladd, " ALL HAIL 
 TO THE STARS AND STRIPES 1" The magnificent 
 canopy that contained the bodies was supported by four 
 columns and surmounted with a gilt eagle. 
 • His Honor, Mayor Sargent, came forwai-d and an- 
 
LIFE OP LUTHER C. LADD. 23 
 
 nounced that the preliminary arrangements were com- 
 plete and the funeral exercises then commenced. 
 
 1. A Dirge by the Lowell Brigade Band. 
 
 2. Reading a portion of the Scriptures. 
 
 3. Prayer by the Rev. Dr. Cleaveland. 
 
 4. A.nthem by St. Ann's Choir. 
 
 5. Discourse by the Rev. W. R. Clark, from Psalms 
 cxxxvii : 6, 6. 
 
 The sermon was patriotic and eloquent, and listened 
 to with breathless silence. The Rev. Clergyman said 
 every American should love his country with unparalleled 
 ardor as the grand pioneer of christian civilization. That 
 the civil liberty of the 18th and 19th centuries owes its 
 origin, under God, to those who laid the foundation of the 
 Western Empire. At Plymouth, the genius of Liberty 
 disembarked, built her palace in the wilderness, and it 
 changed to fruitful fields and populous cities. She plant- 
 ed in her vales the rose of Sharon and the air became 
 fragrant with its perfume. She waked her lyre to Beth- 
 lehem's strains, and playful breezes, waving woods, rust- 
 ling rivers, and rolling sea, united with myriad of happy 
 hearts to swell the grand diapason of her melodies. She 
 drew her commision from the Bible, and her inspiration 
 from Heaven, and rose to shake the mightiest nation on 
 earth. And now, stretching herself from sea to sea, she 
 is sending the pulsation of her mighty heart, with each 
 ebbing tide, around the globe to enter into the life and 
 shape the destinies of unborn generations. 
 
 But alas ! alas ! while executing this heaven-appointed 
 mission, the tocsin of rebellion is struck in our midst. 
 States which owe her an endless debt of gratitude, are 
 now insulting her flag and plotting her ruin. Ere the 
 sovereign people were aware of it, her capital had become 
 
24 LIFE OP LUTHER C. LADD. 
 
 a nest of traitors. Before the Administration is inaugura- 
 ted and its policy declared, they wantonly break their 
 allegiance to the Government and take advantage of offi- 
 cial trust to pillage the treasury, demoralize its army and 
 navy, steal arms and ammunition, and with them capture 
 its forts and arsenals. Such sneaking perfidy and black- 
 hearted treason, must have been " set on fire of hell." 
 The curses of their country, not loud but deep, will follow 
 those official miscreants to their graves and forever haunt 
 their memories, making them spectres from which the good 
 and coming generations will step back as from " goblins 
 damned." If anything ever transpired among men call- 
 ing for the avenging sword of heaven, it is this foul be- 
 trayal of sacred trust, which a generous people confided 
 to their honor. But Omnipotent Providence has already 
 " bathed his sword in heaven," that he may avenge him 
 of his adversaries, and the sword shall devour and be 
 satiate and made drunk with their blood. The dullest 
 intellect cannot fail to perceive the prophetic import of the 
 signs of the tirnes. The spontaneous uprising of twenty 
 millions of people from luxurious ease in which they have 
 been cradled for three quarters of a century, to the stern 
 sacrifices, dangers and discipline of war, is the miracle 
 of modern history. Our own Commonwealth, always in 
 the van where sacrifices are to be made and dangers 
 braved for her country, has led the marshalled hosts of 
 patriots to the field of mortal combat. Yet with no vain 
 glory nor stoically ambitious sentiment has she sent forth 
 her sons from her altars and hearth-stones. She has bid 
 them go in God's name, following them with her prayers 
 and benedictions, and enshrining their names in her heart 
 of hearts. True to her spirit, they promptly marched to 
 dare and do, and three of them to seal their devotion with 
 their blood, before being permitted to strike the first blow 
 to vindicate the honor of their country's flag. 
 
LIFE OF LUTHER C. LADD. 25 
 
 The aching heart-throbs of our Commonwealth at this 
 sad event, could have no more fitting expression than in 
 the telegram of her honored Executive to the Mayor of 
 Baltimore : '' I pray you to cause the bodies of our Massa- 
 chusetts soldiers, dead in Baltimore, to be immediately 
 laid out and preserved in ice, and tenderly sent forward 
 to ' me. All the expenses will be paid by this Common- 
 wealth." 
 
 And now that she is permitted to receive these sacred 
 forms to her bosom, she pauses, while the country rushes 
 to arms, to embalm them in her tears. Her capital would 
 gratefully have performed these funeral rites had not 
 Lowell a priority of claim. 
 
 Ever since the lightning flashed over the country the 
 news that these brave men had fallen by the ruthless 
 hands of- a murderous mob, our city has been in tears. 
 To-day she sits in mourning. Her closed marts, mills 
 and workshops ; her minute guns and tolling bells, her 
 long and solemn cortege headed by the military and muni- 
 cipal government, the vast concourse, oblivious of sect or 
 party, in tearful silence around these biers, all attest the 
 impassioned grief which Lowell felt for the fallen heroes. 
 In early life these sons of aged pious parents have fallen 
 in the service of their country, on a day precious to every 
 American patriot, the eighty-sixth anniversary of the first 
 blood spilled in the struggle for our liberties at Concord 
 and Lexington. Their spirits are gone to God who gave 
 them. Henceforth the heroes of Concord, Lexington, 
 Bunker Hill and Baltimore, shall blazon together on the 
 pages of their country's history like the stars in the flag 
 whose honor they died to uphold. 
 
 Three weeks ago to-morrow when I saw the City Guards 
 start for the seat of war, I said in my heart, " these men 
 will give good account of themselves when the trial 
 
26 LIFE OP LUTHER C. LADD. 
 
 comes." Little did I think so soon occasion would verify 
 the prediction. In seventj-two hours from that time they 
 were in the heart of Baltimore, beset by an infuriated 
 mob of eight thousand persons, bent on stopping their 
 progress whither their country had called them. With 
 soldier-like spirit and discipliue, they forme a hollow 
 square and press on in double-quick time through a 
 shower of missies and pistol shots from the windows of 
 three story buildings and the sidewalks of the narrow 
 streets, bearing with them the wounded, without returning 
 a fire until ordered to do so to prevent being borne down 
 by the murderous gang. 
 
 And may you my dear friend whose plans of life were 
 broken when one of these gallant hearts ceased to bep,t, turn 
 your riven heart to Him who can all our sorrows heal, who 
 wept with the bereaved in his earthly sojourn, and whose 
 tender heart is still the same and melts at human woe. 
 
 To you my fellow citizens in arms, some of whom wait 
 the call .to action, and other of whom have just received it 
 and are on the eve of marching, I may only say, catch the 
 spirit of your fallen brothers and let their valor be your 
 talisman in camp and field. Wherever your country 
 calls, like them move firmly, trustfully by her standard. 
 
 " Invincible Banner ! the Flag of the Free, 
 O where treads the foot that would falter for thee ? 
 Or the hands to be folded, till triumph is won, 
 And the eagle looks proud as of old to the sun ? 
 Give tears for the passing, a murmur of prayer. 
 Then forward ! the fame of your standard to share. 
 Give welcome to wounding, and combat and scars, 
 And the glory of death, for the Stripes and the Stars ! 
 
 Tenderly will we lay away these loved ones to rest 
 until the morning of the resurrection, while on their tomb- 
 stones will be sculptured words which will make them 
 prouder mausoleums than kings and conquerors can boast. 
 
LIFE OF LUTHER C. LADD. 27 
 
 6. The following Hymn, written for the occasion, by 
 Rev. C. W. Homer, of St. John's Church, was read by 
 Rev. J. J. Twiss, and sung by St. Ann's Choir. 
 
 Before thy throne great God we how, 
 Humbly we bend the sorrowing head, 
 
 And ask Thy pity while we now 
 Commit to earth our Patriot Dead. 
 
 Our Patriot Dead I for them we claim, 
 A place in Memory's holiest shrine ; 
 
 A sacred treasure, shall their name 
 Be handed down to coming time ? 
 
 In Freedom's cause these first fruits sleep ; 
 
 In perils tried, they proved true men ; 
 And while we o'er their ashes weep. 
 
 Their martyi'-seed springs up again. 
 
 Their glorious death shall make us brave, 
 
 We wipe away the falling tear ; 
 'Tis hallowed ground — the soldier's grave ; 
 
 'Tis sacred dust reposes here. 
 
 Choose we with them the patriot's part ; 
 
 Our Country's cause doth loudly cry ; 
 Be this most dear to every heart. 
 
 The noblest lot — to do and die ! 
 
 7. Prayer by Rev. Darwin Mott. 
 
 8. Benediction by Rev. Frederick Hinckley. 
 
 The audience then passed from the hall and the pro- 
 cession formed under the direction of 
 
 Col. Sawtell, Chief Marshal. 
 
 Military Escort, by Capt. P. S. Proctor. 
 
 Abbott Light Guards, Capt. E. G. Abbott. 
 
 Company K., Lieut. M. Donovan. 
 
 Lowell Brigade Band. 
 
28 LIFE OF LUTHER C. LADD. 
 
 Richardson Light Infantry, Capt. P. 
 
 . A. Davis. 
 
 Bodies. 
 
 
 Pall Bearers. 
 
 Pall Bearers. 
 
 Lieuts. G. E. Dana. Lieuts. 
 
 James Francis. 
 
 W. E. Farrer. 
 
 H. H. Fuller. 
 
 E. S. Hunt. 
 
 D. W. Roach. 
 
 Surg. W. H. Bradley. 
 
 T. Claffey. 
 
 Capt. T. Tebbitts. 
 
 David Hyde. 
 
 Chief Marshal. 
 
 
 Relatives and Friends. 
 
 
 His Honor the Mayor of Lowell. 
 
 His Honor the Mayor of Lawrence. 
 
 Board of Aldermen. 
 
 Common Council. 
 
 City Officers. 
 
 Judges and Clerk of Police Court. 
 
 Sheriflf of Middlesex Co. and District Attorney. 
 
 Officiating Clergy. 
 
 Clergymen of the City. 
 
 Lawrence Brass Band. 
 
 Past Honorary Members of City Guards, Capt. Lawrence. 
 
 Company from Machine Shop, Capt. Burke. 
 
 Lowell Veterans, Capt. J. G. Peabody. 
 
 Lowell Light Infantry, Lieut. Smith. 
 
 Butler Rifles, Capt. James. 
 
 Zouaves, Capt. Brady. 
 
 The procession, which was a mile long, reached the 
 Cemetery about half past five o'clock. Here the bodies 
 were taken from the hearses and deposited in the receiv- 
 ing tomb. Three salutes were fired over the tomb, when 
 the vast cortege returned to the city and quietly, but 
 solemnly, repaired to their several homes. 
 
 Thus ended this grand, solemn funeral exercise ; the 
 spontaneous outgushing of sympathy and patriotism, man- 
 
29 LIFE OF LUTHER C. LADD. 
 
 ifested by the citizens of Lowell to her distinguished 
 dead. 
 
 The next day the remains of Luther C. Ladd were 
 taken in charge by his friends from Alexandria, accom- 
 panied by Alderman J. P. Folsom, Hon. W. L. North ^ 
 President of the Common Council, Lowell, and by them 
 conveyed to his native place. In sad and solemn silence, 
 with suppressed emotions, hearts swollen with feeling and 
 throbbing with sorrow, the citizens of Alexandria took 
 charge of the remains of him who in life was so beloved. 
 
 Suffice it to say, we consigned the young hero's remains 
 to the grave with military honors. A vast concourse of 
 people were in attendance. Flags were suspended at half 
 mast, trimmed with mourning, and an appropriate sermon 
 was preached by the Rev. Mr. Currier, of the Methodist 
 Episcopal Church, at the close of which a long, long fare- 
 well view was taken of the mutilated remains of our young 
 martyr to Liberty, when the procession formed under the 
 direction of Darwin Forbes, Esq., of Alexandria, and 
 marched to the grave. 
 
 The Bristol Home Guard, commanded by Col. Rollins ; 
 the Alexandria Phalanx, by Capt- Sleeper, with arms re- 
 versed, and music playing with muffled drums escorted the 
 remains to the grave, all forming a procession three-fourths 
 of a mile long. 
 
 It was the most solemn and grand funeral cortege ever 
 witnessed in the State. Over his grave were fired three 
 salutes, when the imposing procession returned to the once 
 cheerful home of Luther C. Ladd, and then bade farewell 
 to the disconsolate parents and four bereaved sisters. 
 
"ALL HAIL TO THE STARS AND STRIPES." 
 
 April 19, a. d., 1861. 
 
 Oh Massachusetts ! noble heart ! in thee we well may trust ; 
 Our holy flag shall not be trail'd by traitors in the dust, 
 While thou hast heroes yet to give like him who fell to-day, 
 And when in midst of circling foes in Death's embrace he 
 
 lay, 
 Could nerve his soul with such high strength ere burst its 
 
 prison bars, 
 And hurl defiance in the cry, " All hail the Stripes and 
 
 Stars." 
 
 "All hail the Stars and Stripes," he cried, though fast the 
 
 death eclipse 
 Was stealing o'er his glazing eyes and on his stiffening lips. 
 O, then a flash like lightning went through all the old 
 
 Northland, 
 And all shall say no battle-death could ever be more grand : 
 That in the glory of the fight, not one of all the slain 
 Shall greener laurels wear than he who missed its iron rain. 
 
 Search, History, all thy wide domain, more royal sight than 
 this 
 
 Thou shalt not see at Marathon or sea-washed Salamis ; 
 
 Nor where the famed three hundred kept the Persic host at 
 bay, 
 
 And won their high and deathless name at old Thermopylae. 
 
 Write thou, how Avith his outstretched arm he held his con- 
 queror. Death, 
 
 And hailed our sacred Stars and Stripes with fast expiring 
 breath. 
 
POEM. 31 
 
 O, Massachusetts ! take him back to thy maternal breast, 
 Iniirned within thy steadfast heart let him forever rest. 
 Thou hast no tears for such as he — let joyful pceans roll, 
 Not often such a hero dies or passeth such a soul. 
 Then welcome be to death and woe and all war's ghastly 
 
 scars, 
 When such as he shall lead the van and bear the Stripes 
 
 and Stars. 
 
 Mrs. L. a. McGaffey. 
 Loudon, Ohio, 1861. 
 
THE GREAT NAVAL AND LAND BATTLE. 
 
 By an Eye Witness. 
 
 Long and anxiously had the people of the loyal States 
 been waiting for the great Armament under Commodore 
 Dupont to make a demonstration against some rebel point 
 on the coast ; and when it was announced that the fleet 
 had sailed, a breathless anxiety hung over the minds of 
 all. But when a furious storm, scarcely equalled in our 
 maritime history, swept along the coast, and the sea ran 
 mountain high, and our brave tars were tossed and rocked 
 by its raging billows, painful was the suspense, fearing 
 that our fleet had shared the fate of the Spanish Armada. 
 Fresh in the mind was the recollections of the disaster at 
 " Sewall's Point," and then the sad thoughts of the de- 
 feat at Bull Run had not' ceased. But thanks to an over- 
 ruUing Providence, the fleet weathered the storm. 
 
 On the 7th of November, a lovely morning was ushered 
 in ; the water was as smooth as the surface of a mirror, 
 and there was scarcely enough wind to blow the smoke 
 from a gun should it be fired. At 7 o'clock the meal 
 pennants were hoisted on the war vessels, showing plainly 
 that breakfast was an hour in advance of the usual time. 
 That looked like work at an early hour. At half past 
 seven o'clock there were no less than seven rebel boats in 
 sight, one of which was the Gen. Clinch, so well known 
 in matters pertaining to Charleston affairs. At 9 o'clock 
 the signal for weighing anchor was flying, and in obedi- 
 ence to it the anchors quitted their muddy beds, being 
 3 
 
34 NAVAL ENGAGEMENT. 
 
 hove up by the bra"wny hands of jolly tars, who were fair- 
 ly aching for a fight. The vessels soon started in the 
 following order : 
 
 Main Squadron, Flanking Squadron. 
 
 Wabash. Bienville. 
 
 Susquehanna. Seneca. 
 
 Mohican. Curlew. 
 
 Seminole. Augusta. 
 
 Pawnee. Penguin. 
 
 Unadilla. R. B. Forbes. 
 Ottawa. 
 Pembina. 
 Vandalia. 
 
 The main squadron were to do the fighting while the 
 flanking squadron were to draw oS" the rebel boats. Sub* 
 sequently a portion of both squadrons took up an enfilad- 
 ing position above the battery, and then did good service, 
 keeping up an incessant fire while the large ships were 
 shifting their position. Those little boats did fight man- 
 fully, and the names of their commanders will be handed 
 down to future generations as brave and able men. 
 
 As they steamed slowly up the bay the houses and rig- 
 ging of the transports were crowded with anxious specta- 
 tors. After the fleet had gone up some distance, the 
 Vandalia, towed by the Isaac Smith, proceeded up to join 
 in the fight. By this time the rebel boats were putting 
 themselves in position, while one of their transports, which 
 evidently had been engaged in bringing troops down from 
 Beaufort, started across the bay at full speed. The Mat- 
 anzas occupied a splendid position. Just as we had 
 anchored, which was five minutes before ten o'clock, the 
 Hilton Head battery opened fire on the Wabash ; in ten 
 minutes after another shot from the battery. Still the 
 
NAVAL ENaAGEMENT. 35 
 
 ships stood on and did not apparently notice the efforts of 
 the rebels until the Wabash came in range with the face 
 of the battery, when she fired a shell at them which struck 
 close to the battery. In a few minutes the Wabash opened 
 a smart fire, throwing her shells into the woods where the 
 rebels were encamped in some force. After firing a few 
 guns to ascertain the range, she opened a broadside fire 
 on both batteries. The other vessels opened their fire, 
 and the shells fell thick and fast into the battery. The 
 rebel steamers now opened a smart fire. The small gun- 
 boats now steamed rapidly ahead, and opened on them 
 with their ten and eleven inch pivot guns. At fifteen 
 minutes past ten o'clock the fire was so hot that they up 
 steam and started for Broad River, the gunboats chasing 
 them. By this time the shells were bursting in the Bay 
 Point Battery at the rate of about two a minute, to which 
 the rebels replied with rapidity and great execution. 
 
 The flagship and her division were rapidly drawing up 
 to the point around which they were to turn so that they 
 could come down along the. shore and engage the Hilton 
 Head battery, while the small gunboats took up indepen- 
 dent positions, and battere:! away at Bay Point and the 
 rebel naval vessels. As the Wabash turned, so that her 
 broadside could bear upon the rebel fleet, she opened upon 
 them, and soon sent them up the river for a time at least. 
 About this time the Yandalia came up in range, and she 
 delivered a splendid broadside to the Bay Point rebels, 
 several of her shells making the sand fly inside of the 
 work. She kept up a galling fire upon them until out of 
 reach, when she devoted her attention to the rebel navy. 
 During this time the Wabash, Susquehanna and Bienville 
 had come around, and were close upon the Hilton Head 
 battery. ' 
 
 At about twenty minutes before 11 o'clock, the Wabash 
 
36 NAVAL ENGAGEMENT. 
 
 commenced operations on the Hilton Head battery in good 
 earnest, delivering a broadside at one command. All her 
 gun-deck armament is nine inch shell guns, while on her 
 spar-deck they are eight-inch shell guns, with a ten-inch 
 pivot aft, and a sixty-eight rifled Dahlgren gun on tlie 
 forecastle. The noise was terrific, while the bursting of 
 the shells was as terrible as it was destructive. I counted 
 no less than forty shells bursting at one time, and that 
 right in the battery and in the woods where about eight 
 hundred rebels lay. In addition to this, the Susquehanna 
 with her tremendous battery, aided by the Bienville, the 
 Pawnee, and half a dozen smaller gunboats, was making 
 the air brown with the sand, while the blue smoke of the 
 explosion went to make up a most magnificent sight. The 
 troops were wild with enthusiasm, and with deafening 
 cheers they applauded the boldness and courage of the 
 gallant naval officer. A moment or two elapsed — just 
 time enough to load the guns — and again the scene was 
 enacted afresh. The rebels replied with seven guns, 
 which were worked splendidly, and from appearances, they 
 did considerable execution. After the second broadside 
 the firing became less concentrated, and it seemed as if 
 each division on all the vessels were endeavoring to outvie 
 each other in the rapidity with which they worked their 
 guns. 
 
 The tide drifted the vessels quite fast by the battery^ 
 but they backed them considerable, so as to remain as 
 long as possible ; and at 11 o'clock they had reached as 
 near to the reef as it was safe to go, and they were obliged 
 to haul off to again take up their position, but giving them 
 another broadside as they turned. To do this a track, 
 circular in form and extended nearly five miles, must be 
 sailed over. The Bay Point battery must again be passed, 
 where there were several fine rifled canon, which were 
 
NAVAL ENGAGEMENT. 37 
 
 well served ; and the navy of the Confederates must re- 
 ceive their due share of the shells which were destined to 
 be expended on this day's work. To this duty they un- 
 dauntedly steamed up, while the little gunboats fought 
 the steamers. About this time the firing on both sides 
 materially diminished. Occasionally the rebels fired from 
 either battery, which was replied to by the gunboats. As 
 the Wabash and her consorts rounded to, to come down 
 again and pitch into the battery, where they had made 
 such a brief display of their skill, the troops again gave 
 vent to their feelings in tones not to be mistaken. It ap- 
 peared that with such a terrible fire poured in upon them 
 they could not stand, and in the course of a few hours the 
 Stars and Stripes must wave on the sacred soil of South 
 Carolina. 
 
 At half past 11 they drew near to the Hilton Head 
 battery again, the rebels keeping up a brisk fire upon 
 them as they approached. Occasionally the pivot guns 
 of the Wabash and Susquehanna threw a shell into the 
 battery. At ten minutes before 12 o'clock again the 
 ships were enveloped in a dense cloud of white smoke, 
 and in a few seconds after, the shells were bursting into 
 the battery in a splendid manner. The sand was flying 
 in every direction, and it seemed impossible that any one 
 could be saved from death who was within the walls of the 
 battery. Such a sight was never witnessed before. Thj 
 rebels now worked only two guns, but I will give them 
 the credit of working them beautifully. This style of 
 fighting lasted just 20 minutes, and in that time over two 
 hundred shells had been burst over their heads and in the 
 works. At ten minutes past 12, again the ships hauled 
 off, firing a parting round as they left. 
 
 Bay Point battery ceased firing about noon, and hauled 
 down the barred rag. At twenty minutes past 12, the 
 
38 NAVAL ENGAGEMENT. 
 
 Bay Point battery opened fire on the Wabash, as she 
 passed up to take her position. Five minutes afterwards 
 the gunboats opened a terrible volley of shells on Hilton 
 Head, breaching it in several places and dismounting one 
 of the guns. This display of gunnery was a grand sight, 
 and was only second to the broadside firing of the other 
 ships. The gunboats kept up this kind of work several 
 minutes, when they eased down and fired at intervals, so 
 that there was a shell striking about once a minute. At 
 this time the Pocahontas, which had towed a transport 
 ship in, let her go, and came up to join in thd sport — 
 sport for us but death to them. At half-past 12 o'clock 
 the gunboat Mercury, Acting Master S. G. Martin, came 
 up close to us and stood right in towards the battery, and 
 after taking a position, she opened fire with her thirty 
 pounder Parrot gun, throwing in shell with great precision. 
 Her conduct was brilliant in the extreme, and attracted 
 the attention of the entire fleet. 
 
 At ten minutes of 1, not a rebel boat was to be seen? 
 and from appearances they have gone behind the Point to 
 take on board the troops, who cannot stand another round 
 of broadside fighting. The battery is badly damaged, 
 and the houses and tents bear the marks of shells, and it 
 looks as if there was a stampede in the rebel camp. At 
 five minutes of 2 o'clock the Wabash and her consorts are 
 in position to advance, but they remain quiet and let the 
 gunboats pepper away at the battery, which only replies 
 with one gun. which looks as if they were only firing so as 
 to deceive us while they embark their forces. At 2 
 o'clock we weigh anchor, and go still closer in, feeling as- 
 sured that they have become pretty well used up, and will 
 not or cannot injure us. 
 
 The transports now launch their surf-boats, nearly one 
 hundred in number, and place the crews in them, all ready 
 
NAVAL ENGAGEMENT. 39 
 
 to commence disembarking the troops. At half past 2 
 o'clock, the Wabash came down and fired one gun, and to 
 our surprise there was no reply to it, although she waited 
 for some moments. Signals were now made to the vessels 
 and the firing ceased entirely. The ships got in order, 
 and to our surprise, prepared to anchor. 
 
 At twenty minutes of 3 o'clock, a boat — the whale- 
 boat of the Wabash — was manned, and, with a white flag 
 flying over the bow and Commander John Rodgers in the 
 stern, started for the shore. I can assure you that every 
 stroke of the oars was watched by thousands of anxious 
 people. She strikes the beach. Captain Rodgers, borne 
 on the backs of true and trusty tars, with the Stars and 
 Stripes floating over his head, and a large ensign, goes on 
 shore, and at 3 o'clock precisely the Stars and Stripes 
 wave in triumph over South Carolina soil and a deserted 
 rebel battery. A glorious and briUiant victory has been 
 won. All honor to the gallant seamen of the United 
 States Navy. As soon as the good old flag was seen from 
 on shipboard, our boys gave nine rousing cheers, and they 
 were taken up from ship to ship, and the bands saluted 
 the flag with the " Star Spangled Banner " and "Hail 
 Columbia," &c. Never was such a scene beheld, and I 
 confess that my pen is not adequate to the pleasure, as 
 well as the task, of describing it. For an hour the cheers 
 of the patriotic soldiers made the air resound. Again we 
 got under weigh and proceeded to within a half mile of 
 the shore and anchored, and the debarkation was com- 
 menced, and till long after dark the work went on. 
 
 After the flag was raised on the old building, by the 
 orders of Commander John Rogers, Captain C. P. Ray- 
 mond Rogers ordered a detachment of seventy blue 
 jackets, under the command of Lieutenant Barnes, and 
 fifty marines, to land and occupy the fort. 
 
40 NAVAL ENGAGEMENT. 
 
 Thus ended a brilliant naval victory, and when we come 
 to look back and see how skilfully it was managed, we 
 cannot fail to be filled with wonder. In the first place, to 
 bring such a large fleet safely to this place, to cross over 
 such a dangerous bar, and to buoy out a channel so that 
 a tremendous fleet could manoeuvre with ease in a splendid 
 bay, deserves unqualified praise, to say the least. But, 
 then, after all this has been accomplished, the brightest 
 part of it remains to be told. Commodore Dupont found 
 that he had to contend with two very powerful batteries 
 or forts, each armed with rifled guns (120 pounders) and 
 columbiads, and worked by men who would fight only as 
 men can fight when their homes are about to be invaded. 
 And, in addition to this, the skilful management of the 
 vessels in the sailing department was no mean job, and so 
 great was the responsibility resting on this point, that the 
 working of the guns was but a secondary consideration. 
 A dangerous shoal had to be coasted along, and then, if 
 safely navigated, the ships could get within six hundred 
 yards range of the enemy's guns. Notwithstanding all 
 these diflficulties they were surmounted by consummate 
 skill and daring boldness which attracted the admiration 
 of thousands of spectators, and will thrill the hearts of 
 millions of Union men throughout the loyal North. The 
 handling of the ships under the galling fire of a desperate 
 enemy, when the balls were battering and flying over the 
 ships in a perfect shower, was one of the finest pieces of 
 seamanship ever witnessed. The Wabash expended near- 
 ly nine hundred shell in less than four hours, so it ap- 
 pears that while the rebels fought, the noble flag ship was 
 not idle. 
 
\ 
 
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 013 703 377 fl^