BF I Glass Book. COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT O wad some power the giftie gie us. to see oursels as i there see us, It wad frae mony a blunder free us. ai foolish notion.-*"*"-' B«r#s. 9 ^OGNOM/c^ REGISTER. L For recording the indications of THE HEAD, FACE, TEMPERAMENT AND OTHHR ORGANIC CONDITIONS, ARRANGED FOR TK^'USE OF PHYSIOGNOMICAL EXAMINERS ARRA BY J. A. DENKINGER, M- D. Prastical Physiognomist. BOSTON : J. A. DENKINGER, M. D., 5 HOLYOKE ST. 1895. \RACTHR Rl-ADINUS ROM PHOTOGRAPHS iueation of the character oi* tl ad it impossible to visit us in person. In those cases, honld be sent. To secure the best results by this method, lis should be sent, a full front and a side view. Tintypes mswerthe purpose. If only one view is obtainable, a three-quarter should be sent. In all cases the hair should be brushed smooth to lead, so as to enable us to form a correct estimate of the shape of the head. Also send the following measurements : Distance between openings of the ears over crown of head ; distance between root of and the projection at base of back head (occipital spine), also the circumference of the head. In some cases it may not be convenient or possible to obtain likenesses and measurements as directed, as in cases where persons desire a delineation of the character of an acquaintance or friend or employe or prospective partner. In such cases send such pictures as you have and we will do the best we can with the same. Persons about to select a trade or profession and who desire to learn what they can do best ; those who contemplate the selection of a life- companion and would like to know what Phrenology and Physiognomy would say as to their adaptation in temperament and disposition, and those who would like an unbiased and truthful delineation of the real character and disposition of some person that they are interested in, may send us their likenesses and expect a clear and faithful description and plain, candid advice. I have written hundreds of delineations of character, etc., in this way, and as far as I know, with invariable success. FEES FOR EXAMINATIONS FROM PHOTOGRAPHS. Written delineations . . $:>.00 1.00 Sooner or later — though they may seek to give it the lie and apparently succeed for a long time, half a lifetime perhaps, men and loomen ore all true to their physiognomies— sooner or later they prove llmi the index Nature ho* written upon their features is not a false one Men lie, but Nature docs not — they conceal, but she tells the truth. — Ouida. INDICATIONS OF TI1H Head, Face and Temperament of ■-- showing the relative powers of the various impulses ;m. PRESS OF J. R. RUITER &. CO., BOSTON, MASS. The Physiognomical Register. I think that I voice the opinion of all practical phrenologists and physiognomists when I make the statement that all printed charts (or registers, as I prefer to call them) published up to date, are exceedingly unsatisfactory, not only to the examiner, but to the critical consultant as well. Mr. Nelson Sizer. the veteran examiner of the Fowler and Wells Co., has even been quoted as saying, that if the matter rested solely with him, he would not mark another book chart; and, unless the registers thus far pub- lished can be improved upon, it would indeed be better if examiners were to discontinue their use. One of the objectionable features of all the registers, both large and small that I have examined is, that not satisfied with pre- senting tables showing the relative power of mental and physical conditions along with advice as to the cultivation and restraint of the same, the attempt is made to give an approximately correct printed description of the character of the subject examined. The result is simply absurd. As an example, take the following des- cription of Benevolence {large), in what is probably the most generally used phrenological register used in this country : — " You are veiy tender, generous, and kind-hearted ; ready to sympathize with suffering and to relieve want, to the extent of your means ; prefer to suffer yourself rather than to see others suffer ; are charitable, forgiving, and merciful ; a "good Samaritan," and, in this respect, a true follower of Him who " went about doing good." All the printed registers attempting description of individual I / HE /•// VSIOGNO MICA L REGISTER. character in the " You are so and so style'' are filled with just Mich cut-and-dried paragraphs as the above. It is true the printed registers referred to are full of apologies as to the impossibility to delineate character correctlj in this manner. They make reference to " the almost numberless com- binations of which the temperaments and mental faculties (to say nothing (^\ the ever-varying physiological conditions involved)? are susceptible/' and advise the consultant to work out these combinations. " considering well the temperaments and the modi" fications which must result from the action of one faculty upon another, and especial)}' the influence of the predominating group and the leading organ.'" Now, this is all very well and very true, but what of this oracular, " You are this and you are that," if it does not apply (and how- can it i to the individual, what need of a description that does not cribe — correctly, or, if you will have it so, not even approxi- mately correct. In my opinion u the almost numberless combinations of which the temperaments and mental faculties and ever-varying physiological conditions prevent even an approximately correct description of char- acter by means of a printed chart, even if a scale of i to ioo, instead of i to 7 (as generally used) were substituted. 1 am further of the opinion that all that a printed register should contain is : 1. 'Tables arranged in scales, showing the relative power of the different mental and physical conditions. \ more or less complete definition and analysis of the faculties and other conditions estimated. 3. Advice as to how to cultivate, restrain, or regulate the same. |. Tables showing marriage and business adaptation. Lo describe personal character, etc., a careful oral or written analysis, which enables the examiner to take into consideration the ever-varying conditions previously mentioned, is necessary; ,i printed register is at best only an adjunct to a carefully written delineation of character. THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 5 Another objectionable feature of existing printed registers is in point of the scale used to show the relative power of the various faculties and other conditions. In Geo. Combe's time, when printed phrenological registers had no existence, the scale of i to 20 and i to 100 was used in phrenological literature to "describe developments." At the present time most American and English phrenologists, following in the wake of the Fowler Bros., use the scale from 1 to 7, which, with its divisions and subdivisions into halves and plus and minus, means a scale of 1 to 25. Now I think that practical phrenology has not reached that degree of mathematical perfec- tion to permit the use of so large a scale for practical purposes, and I think that a scale ranging from 1 to 5, without divisions and subdivisions is far preferable, especially as it would have the desirable effect of enabling all examiners of ability to mark a register, figuratively as well as practically alike. In accordance with the views expressed in this article, the pages of the physiognomical register are not marred by the more than useless attempts to describe personal character in a printed book, and a scale ranging from 1 to 5 without subdivisions is sub- stituted for one ranging from 1 to 25. The classification of faculties used in this register is a modi- fication of the classification first proposed by Mr. Stanley J. Grimes, one of the most original and critical of the pioneers of practical phrenology in America. The rule which should be our guide in a scientific and practical classification of the faculties, is to group those faculties which bear the nearest affinity and analogy in function. I do not claim that the classification used in this register is perfect or cannot be improved upon, but it is certainly superior to the divisions made by Spurzheim, Combe and the Fowlers. In addition to the tables found in all registers, this register contains a special table designed to state the indications of special features of the face, also a special table showing the physical indications of the head, face and rest of the body. The tables on physical and mental adaptation in marriage in THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER this register are also more complete than in registers published heretofore. > In the text proper the analysis and definition of the faculties will also be found more complete than in other registers, and the same is true of the text on the cultivation and restraint of the various faculties and other organic conditions. I would advise examiners using this register to leave unmarked or mark (?) all conditions the indications of which are at all obscure or uncertain. ( )ne mental condition generally treated of in phrenological work s has been omitted in this register — the so-called faculty of Con- jugality, — as I consider both the faculty and organ of Conjugality unestablished. Suavitiveness, (Agreeableness) and Intuition (Human Nature) have been retained on the list of mental conditions, although I do not admit of special cerebral centres for these mental condi- tions. Two other conditions generally considered separately in other sters have also been left out : Activity and Excitability; these conditions, in my opinion, depend largely upon temperament and the relative proportion of certain parts of the brain and require no separate consideration. Other conditions treated in a more or less novel form will be found under the following headings : Balance between brain and body. Quality or texture. Culture. Health or Vital Vigor. Vital Tenacity. Tt niperaments. Adhesiveness. ( ontinuitiveness. Credenciveness or Faith. Imitativeness. Suavitiveness. Intuition or Human Nature. THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 7 PHYSIOGNOMY OR PHRENOLOGY — WHICH? As is well known to my many patrons and pupils, 1 have for years preferred to call myself a Physiognomist rather than a Phren- ologist. The reason I abandoned the term Phrenology and Phrenologist in favor of Physiognomy and Physiognomist is simply this : The term Physiognomy (as I define it) expresses more correct ly the method of studying and reading character as J practice and teach it than the term Phrenology. Let me endeavor to prove it. Phrenology practically applied as an art consists in reading- character, etc., from the development of different parts of the brain, as indicated by the external surface of the skull, in other words, whatever Phrenology may be worth as a system of mental philosophy, or as the science demonstrating the psychic or men- tal functions of the brain, practically applied as a method of reading character, it resolves itself into Cranioscopy or Craniology, pure and simple. Now, it is a well-established fact that the data of Cranioscopy do not and cannot furnish us with a very complete and correct index of the character of the mind. Dr. Gall, whom [ revere as one of the world's greatest philosophers and scientists, and who, all must admit, was the greatest as well as the first cranioscopist (or cerebral physiologist, as he would probably prefer to bo called) never claimed that his discoveries enabled him to give much of a description of character, unless the cranial characters were un- usually strongly marked ; he even cautioned his students against the practice of reading character and talents in detail from the shape of the head, and other leading phrenological lights in Eng- land, Scotland and America have repeated Gall's caution. Character, let us always remember, is the result of two principal agencies: ist, of inherited organization ; 2d, of external or ac- quired conditions. The former may be called the natural charac- ter; the latter includes the individual's early training, his intel- lectual, moral and physical education, his environment, including THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER, the example set by others, the influence of climate, food, health, ase, etc., etc, Now the Natural or native character, /. e.< the character we inherit from our immediate or more or less remote ancestors is (excepting pathological conditions) correctly indicated 1>\ the shape of the head, and if the whole brain were always in a normal condition o{ healthy activity and the external circumstances mentioned were all alike in each and every individual, Phrenology practically applied to determine individual character, would des- cribe the character of the mind with substantial correctness and in detail. Unfortunately, however, the external circumstances mentioned differ often enormously in individuals, and herein lies the 1 greatest difficulty in reading character from the head alone. The external circumstances, which modify the natural character, are scarcely ever recorded in the externa] shape of the head. Then again, the brain, no matter what its size and shape may be> is rarely equally active in all its parts, and when it is subject to any special influence, increasing or diminishing the activity or size of particular organs or centres, the external form fails to in- dicate the internal condition, because it can change but slightly and with slowness, after the skull is fully developed and ossified. In tlie words of Dr. J. R. Buchanan, " Were the skull composed of more pliable materials, cranioscopy would be more accurate in its facts, but while it preserves a uniform exterior, the interior often undergoes remarkable changes. Convolutions that are fre- quently called into action become better supplied with arterial blood, expand and grow, while the adjacent portion of the inner plate of the skull becomes absorbed, and presents a remarkable indentation. Convolutions that are seldom in action shrink in size, and the adjacent bone grows in upon them. Thus the skull becomes thinner at the site of every active organ, and thicker aver every convolution that is inactive. 'Hie translucency or opacity of the different parts of the skull, when a light is placed in its interior, generally indicates the active and v inactive organs. Hence, manv skulls of fine exterior reveal, upon interior examina- THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 9 tion, a degenerate character. Criminal heads generally present remarkable opacity and thickness in the region of the moral organs, with distinct digital impressions from the convolutions of the lower centres." Now, the activity or non-activity of different portions of the brain and the external circumstances non-indicated on the external surface of the skull are, to a very considerable degree at least, impressed or stamped upon the face, the person and the manner. In addition to the physiognomy of the hard parts (static physi- ognomy) indicated by Forth the facial signs of character include the expression of intellectual and emotional qualities by means of the motor nerves and the muscles of expression. Whenever an emotional or any other impulse is generated in the brain, the motor nerves carry this impulse to the respective muscle or muscles of the face, causing these muscles to contract and produce the characteristic facial expression of the emotion generated in the brain. If these streams of influence continue to pass from the brain to the muscles of expression for some time, the muscles so stimulated exert themselves over the other muscles and a permanent expression in accordance with the mental character is the result. The habitual muscular action and the flow of nerve- force in certain directions is even capable of altering the contour of such bones and cartilages as are acted upon by the muscles of the face. Studied in this light, the face may be considered an index, by facial expression, both voluntarily and un voluntarily, of the most prominent and active qualities of intellect, emotion and will ; it tells us what the brain, back of the face, is doing, and what use we have made of our inherited faculties. Apart from the revela- tions of mental characteristics by means of the motor nerves (derived direct from the brain) and the muscles of expression, there are signs of character produced on the face from without, via the sympathetic system of nerves (termed by Dr. Gall the nervous system of automatic functions.) Emotional stimulation of the sympathetic nerve fibres which cover all parts of the face (and which connect with the cranial nerve trunks, supplying the Id THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. face with sensation) is capable of influencing the growth and development of the different features of the face very materially, especially if the stimulation from without belong continued. The various features of the face are also most valuable aids in determining the power, tone and directicn of the mind, studied from the standpoint of temperamental science (vide pages [5-20.). The face also furnishes us by far with the best clue as to the quality and texture of the brain and gives us most valuable data as to the physical status of an individual. In addition to the facial signs of character, character is also indicated by actions, such as the voice, gestures, the walk, mode of shaking hands, the wearing of apparel, etc. This is termed Pathognomy or the natural language of the faculties. To be brief, the data of Physiognomy proper, Temperamental Science and Pathognomy must be added to Cranioscopy to enable us to delineate the character and talents of the average consultant with a respectable degree of completeness and correctness. I prefer to term the method of reading character by means of these agents Physiognomy, instead of Phrenology ; but Physiognomy, as I define it, is not simply the art of reading character by means of its signs on the face, — it takes a much wider range ; it means a knowledge of the relation between the external and internal, and in a stricter sense, of the signs through which the character of the mind is indicated by the development of the body, the shape' of the head, the features and the expression of the face, the temperaments and pathognomy or the natural language of the faculties, — everything in the external physical appearance of man indicative of mental conditions. To study character scientifically^ we must study not only the head or the face, but the whole man and this I term Physiognomy. In harmony with the views expressed above, I call this register a Physiognomical Register, and the markings of the tables in the back part of the book express the relative power and strength of the faculties, not only as indicated by the shape of the head alone, but the indications of the face, etc., have been considered as well, THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 11 Although calling myself a Physiognomist in preference to Phrenologist (as applied to character reading, etc.), I want it un- derstood that I do not question a single well-established fact in Phrenology. I believe that nearly every psychic centre as dis- covered by Gall and Spurzheim is located correctly ; I simply contend that Cranioscopy is insufficient to give a fairly complete and correct description of character. The term Phrenology, originated by Dr, Forster and afterwards adopted by Spurzheim, has been unsatisfactory to other phreno- logical writers before my time. Gall never approved of the term, neither did Elliotson and the English School of Phrenologists. Elliotson preferred and used the term Cerebral Physiology; Dr. J R. Buchanan in turn proposed the terms Neurology, Anthropology and Cerebral Psychology; Prof. Sizer, of New York, at one time favored the term Mental Science, another writer Craniognomy, and still another Mentology. One thing is certain, Phrenology is not a term to conjure with.. Phrenology and Phrenologist were at one time respected terms, but this was before the era of the" fathers of practical phrenology." Although this register contains many important additions and improvements not embodied in other registers, it does not claim perfection ; it is the intention of the author to improve it with every new edition, and would be pleased to receive practical sug- gestions from any one interested and desirous to help improve phrenological and physiognomical registers. What is very much needed is a standard register for the use of all professional examiners. There are many difficulties connected with the making of registers and other departments of practical Phrenology and Physiognomy, which nothing short of an asso- ciation of practical examiners in congress assembled will remove. I have for years urged the organization of such an association, but have met with but little encouragement, the majority of the profession being too apathetic to trouble themselves about im- provements in the line of practical Phrenology and Physiognomy, H^IT 5 The tables used for marking the mental and physical con- ditions estimated and explanation of same, will be found in the back part of the book, commencing at page 63. 1- THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER ANALYSIS Mental and Physical Qualities. GENERAL ORGANIC CONDITIONS. I. SIZE OF THE BRAIN. The size of the brain, all other conditions being equal, deter mines the aggregate amount of mental power, and the size of each cerebral centre or organ indicates the power of its corres- ponding faculty. These other conditions are numerous, and exceedingly important. An average sized brain frequently manifests more power than a large one, because with the latter the "•other conditions" are not equal. A very large brain, with the "other conditions" very un- favorable, indicates mental weakness, instead of power, and even idiocy is not infrequently the result ; but if the " other conditions " are very favorable, the result is a remarkable degree of mental power. These other conditions more generally accompany brains of full or average than those of the largest size. The adage that " valuable articles are done up in small bundles " is often applic- able to the brain ; but when the article is of the same quality, its worth is in proportion to its amount ; so of the brain. It is also understood that education, diet, habits, rest, excite- ment, and other external circumstances have great effect in deter- mining the degree of mental power ; but these being the same, mental power will be in proportion to the strength and perfection of the natural physical organization. No possible degree of THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL BEGISTER. 13 culture can compensate for a want of natural functional power. The principal conditions which modify the power of mere size and shape of the brain are, ist, Balance between Brain and Body ; 2d, Health and Vital Vigor ; 3d, Quality or Texturj ; 4, Education and Culture ; 5th, Temperament. II. BALANCE BETWEEN THE BRAIN AND BODY. If the. brain is disproportionately larger than the rest of the body, the supply of vital nourishment and vigor is not equal to the necessities and demands of the brain ; hence its action must be correspondingly less vigorous and efficient ; and when the body is thus robbed of its necessary support, general debility and inefficiency must consequently ensue, and disease soon follows. If the brain and body are well balanced, the demand and supply are equal, and a vigorous condition, alike favorable to health and mental development, is secured both to the brain and the body. III. QUALITY OR TEXTURE. This is one of the most important conditions which modify the law of size, as applied to the brain and body. The amount being the same, the finer the organization the more favorable is it to health and endurance, and especially to mental development. No one is ignorant of the importance of this condition as ap- plied to the different kinds of wood, the various mineral sub- stances, and the vegetable kingdom. Agriculturalists and horti- culturalists know the superiority of fine over coarse grained vegetables and fruits too well to base their selection of either upon size, without reference to quality. Every mechanic knows the superior strength, beauty, and value of fine grained material of all kinds. Physiognomists recognize the same principle in its application to the brain and body, and through them to the mind. Quality or Texture is not indicated by the size or shape of the head, neither is it, as some believe, a matter of Tempera- ment or a certain combination of temperamental conditions. To a certain extent the quality or texture of the organization is U THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. indicated by the hair^ eyes, and skin, hut the expression of the face furnishes by far the most reliable data as to the inherent quality. [V. CULTURE. This conditit n is also o( great importance. The statement that a cultivated mind (J do not mean merely intellectually edu- cated) is superior to one not cultivated requires no argument. Training and Culture, the same as Quality, leave their impression on the exterior physical organization, and are shown in the expres" sion of the whole organization, but more particularly in the gen- eral contour, harmony and expression of the face. V. HEALTH AND VITAL VIGOR. All are familiar with the effect of debility and sickness in modifying the power of the individual, both mentally and physic- ally. In proportion as a person is unhealthy or debilitated, he is in reality sick ; and there is a corresponding deficiency in func- tional vigor and power, of the brain as well as of the body. A small, but vigorously healthy individual will both enjoy and accomplish much more than one who possesses great natural power, but is sickly. All other conditions being the same, the power will be exactly proportionate to the healthiness. A per- fectly healthy man or woman is a rare curiosity : but, when found, accomplishes wonders in proportion to the size of brain and body. With three fourths of any community, physiological discipline would do far more to develop strength and harmony of mind than all the study in the world. Were health the rule and sickness the exception, instead of vice versa, which is the present condi- tion of society, it is entirely within bounds to say that the aggre- gate increase of mental power would be fifty per cent. VI. VITAL TENACITY. This condition is entirely distinct from vital vigor or the indica- tions of good health. There are many persons in whom all the functions of the body are vigorously performed and" whose general THE P11YSTOONOMTCAL REGISTER. 15 make-up is decidedly indicative of vital vigor and good health, who, nevertheless, readily succumb to attacks of disease, opera- tions, etc. ; others again, whose organizations may have all the indications of poorly performed vital functions and of poor health show, nevertheless, great tenacity of life and are a puzzle to the physician. This condition we term vital tenacity and is cranio- logically as well as facially indicated. TEMPERAMENT. This term is employed by phrenologists and physiognomists to designate the functional power of the various classes of corporeal organs and the kind of influence which they exert upon, both the mental and physical conditions of an individual. It is impossible to overrate the importance of a favorable temperament in deter- mining either the power, tone, or direction of the mind. The temperaments are modified, and capable of being even radically changed, by the diet, exercise, and habits of the in- dividual ; there is also a gradual and inherent natural change of temperament all through life. Of the two principal methods of classifying the temperaments, one, the old method, is based largely upon the color and texture of the hair, skin and eyes; and while it is of considerable value, especially to physicians, it is more difficult of thorough compre- hension and of less practical value in the reading of character than the new method ; it is moreover, inapplicable to the colored races. The new method originated by Dr. Thomas, of Paris, has a purely anatomical and physiological basis, is readily understood and is applicable to all races of mankind. Soon after the pub- lication of Dr. Thomas' work on the subject, the phrenologists O. S. and L. N. Fowler, who up to that time made use of the old classification, adopted the principles as laid down by Dr. Thomas, but they published and taught a classification differing somewhat from that of Dr. Thomas. Their classification has been accepted and is used to this day by the majority of American and English phrenologists. Briefly stated, it is based upon three systems of 16 THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER, organs, viz.; (i.) The Motive or Mechanical system, including the hones, ligaments and muscles. (2.) The Vital or N-itfritive system, including the organs of respiration and digestion, the lymphatics, blood-vessels and glands. (3.) The Mental or Nervous system, including the organs of sense, the brain and the nerves. 1 have not followed the above nomenclature and classification of the temperaments in this register, because they appear to me to be defective and capable of signal improvement. My chief objec- tion to the classification of the Fowlers is as follows:.' The so-called Vital Temperament, includes the two groups of organs of the thoracic and abdominal cavities. These two groups perform distinct functions, and these hold no determinate relative proportion to each other; their facial as well as other physical indications are also different, and the mental characteristics corresponding to the same differ accordingly. For this reason 1 subdivide the so-called Vital Temperament into the Abdominal and the Thoracic systems. The same objection holds true of the so-called Motive Temperament of the Fowlers. This tempera- ment is again composed of two distinct systems, the bones and the muscles, the mental as well as the physical indications of persons having either of these systems in predominance being widely different. I therefore propose in this register a division of the temperaments into five, instead of three systems, viz. : 1. The Osseous or bony system. 2. ,; Muscular system. 3. Abdominal " 4. Thoracic ^ " 5. Cephalic THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 17 I. OSSEOUS SYSTEM. This system includes the bones of the body. Prominent signs of this system in predominance are : a long* slender, spare, bony frame ; long limbs, arms, hands and fingers ; prominent joints, knuckles, and cheekbones ; prominent frontal sinus; rectilinear face, — protruding bones generally; motions slow and awkward. Mental. Characteristics : Slow to learn, unless the brain system is well marked. This system is very favorable to stability and reliability of character, persons with it in predominance being persevering, obstinate, and generally reliable. Liability to Disease : Chronic rheumatism, torpid liver, enlargement of joints, gravel, stone in bladder, disorders of the digestive functions. To Cultivate : Out-door exercise in the sunlight, drink water rich in lime, and eat farinaceous rather than animal food. To Restrain : Sedentary and studious life in the shade, a meat rather than a farinaceous diet. II. MUSCULAR SYSTEM. This system includes the muscles, ligaments and tendons. Some of the principal signs of its predominance are : a broad and muscular build, broad shoulders, strongly-marked features, distinctly marked muscles, a quick and firm step. Mentally it gives fondness for physical exertion, love for hard work, industry, a strong and positive character, energy, courage, etc. Unless the quality of the organization is fine, it disposes to physical rather than mental labor. Liability to Disease : Indigestion, liver complaint, gravel, piles ; more liable to chronic and lingering than acute and inflam- matory forms of disease. To Cultivate: Consult a rational teacher of gymnastics, who will advise such exercises as will best develop a good mus- cular system. To Restrain: Use your brain more and your body less. 1- FMM PHYSIOGNOMICAL HMlISTKR. III. ABDOMINAL SYSTEM. This system includes all the organs of the abdominal viscera, the organs of digestion, secretion and excretion. The most prominent signs when this system is in predominance are : a relatively large abdomen, with a relatively small chest, roundness of form, a preponderance of soft tissues over bone and muscle, the muscles being generally soft flabby and inelastic ; the ex- pression is sleepy and indolent, the circulation sluggish. Mentally, people with this system in predominance and the other systems relatively weak, incline to mental and physical indolence. They take life easy, dislike hard work — both physi- cal and mental, — think much of good living and physical en- joyments. They succeed by their tact, social influence, etc., rather than by hard work. Upon the whole a predominance of this system is unfavorable to great mental activity. The diseases to which people with this system in predominance are most liable to are : Dropsy, gout, apoplexy, paralysis, scrofula ; pulmonary complaints, dyspepsia and ordinary nervous aflectious are seldom found to accompany it. To Cultivate: Practice mental and physical indolence, drink milk and cream, eat carbonaceous food and vegetables, rather than animal food, sleep more, eat more, and work and study less. To Restrain : Sleep less, eat and drink less ; exercise, study and work harder; live on a meat rather than a farinaceous diet ; drink as little fluid as possible, especially with your meals • avoid malt and other spiritous liquors; brisk, dry rubbing, massage treatment and hot baths will also be found of benefit. IV. THORACIC SYSTEM. This system includes the organs of the thoracic cavity, viz., the heart, lungs, and also the arteries and veins. Some of the principal signs when it is predominant are : a relatively deep and broad chest, moderate development of the abdominal, mus- cular and bony systems ; face full and round, firm flesh ; large, THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 19 wide nostrils and a ruddy complexion, vivacious countenance, full, bounding pulse, graceful movements. Mentally, persons with this system predominant, incline to out- door exercise and employment ; dislike confinement and sedentary pursuits. They are fonder of active business than constant bone and muscle labor ; their feelings are strong ; they incline to im- pulsiveness and are seldom quiet or patient ; they are noted for ardor, enthusiasm, cheerfulness, vivacity and sociaibility, but they frequently lack stability, continuity, and perseverance. They are most liable to inflammatory diseases aud sudden attacks, diseases of the heart and lungs, apoplexy, gout, rheumatism. To Cultivate : Avoid sedentary employment, confinement in close, dark or shaded rooms, continuous and excessive mental application, and expose yourself to fresh air and sunshine ; go through exercises calculated to expand the chest, and to increase the power of the heart and lungs and surround yourself with pleasant, cheerful company. To Restrain : Cultivate the muscular and cephalic systems by hard study and work, stay more indoors, and live on a vegetable rather than an animal diet. V. CEPHALIC SYSTEM, (mental temperament or brain system). This system includes the brain and nerves. When predominant, it is indicated by a head large in propor- tion to the body ; small, delicate features ; head and face pyro- form or pearshaped, the upper forehead being the widest part, expressive countenance, organization generally delicate ; slender, instead of stocky or corpulent ; bones and muscles comparatively small ; skin soft, hair fine. This system is very favorable to mental activity. Its predomi- nance inclines to mental instead of physical force and strength. It gives an intellectual inclination to the mind, and qualifies for THE PHTSIOQNOMfCAL REGISTER. professional pursuits rather than active business, or bone 1 and muscle labor. It produces intensity of emotion, sensitiveness, refinement and imagination, delicacy o\ feeling. Intellect specu- lative and theoretical rather than practical and matter of fact. Liabilities ro Disease: brain fever, dyspepsia, consumption, insanity, nervous prostration, insomnia, headaches. To Cui riVATE: Continuous mental activity, hard study, ab- stemious habits, moderate sleep. To Restrain : Avoid coffee, tea, tobacco, liquors, and all other stimulants and narcotics, take plenty out-door exercise, bathe daily, tepid water in the beginning, gradually taking it colder ; live on a nutritious diet; take plenty of sleep; withdraw as much as possible from mental labor, cutoff all unnecessary brain wastes, and build up the physical strength. THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL IlEGISTER. 21 MENTAL FACULTIES OR POWERS. ORDER I — AFFECTIVE FACULTIES OR FEELINGS. From these faculties originate the propensities, desires, emo- tions, sentiments, and the whole range of those mental operations, denominated feelings. They constitute by far the largest, most vivid, and most powerful class of the mental operations ; and whenever their legitimate stimuli are presented, they rush into involuntary activity, and frequently without awaiting the mandate of reason. GENUS I — SELF RELATIVE FACULTIES. These faculties impel those acts and produce those feelings which relate almost exclusively to the advantage of self. SPECIES I — SELF PROTECTING FACULTIES. These faculties are specially adapted to man's animal existence. They lead him to make provision for his animal wants, to work and accumulate property, make him mindful of danger, assert and defend his rights of person and property, etc. ; a good development of this group is absolutely necessary to success in life. This group is capable of convenient sub-division as follows : A. CORPOREAL RANGE. Related to the nourishment and preservation of the body. 22 I UK PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. I. ALIMENTIVENESS, This faculty being the first mental element called into action after birth, heads the list of mental faculties. Definition : Propensity to take food and drink, and relish for same. Persons in whom this faculty is strong find great pleasure in eating and drinking, while those in whom it is weak take suf- ficient to nourish the body, but take no particular pleasure in eating, even if the food is of the choicest and finest variety. Deficiency : Indifference in regard to food and drink. Excess and Perversion: Gormandizing, gluttony, drunken- ness, inordinate fondness for gustatory pleasures. To Cultivate : Select the food you most relish, get up a good appetite by out door exercise or work, make your table as attrac- tive as possible and then sit down with a determination to enjoy your food, taking care to eat slowly. If possible, share your meals with a friend having a healthy appetite and great relish for the good things of the table. To Restrain: Avoid rich food, and highly seasoned dishes, also all malt and spirituous liquors, eat more sparingly at your meals, — if convenient, it is best for you to eat only two meals per day, partake of only one or two dishes at each meal, eat very slowly and take but small mouthfuls. II. VITATIVENESS. Definition: Love of life, vital tenacity, love of existence for its own sake. Deficiency : Indifference to life or the care of it. Excess and Perversion : Great clinging to life and dread of death. To Cultivate : Contemplate the pleasures and advantages of life and form plans to secure the same in the largest possible measure. THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 23 To Restrain : Guard against a morbid love of life or dread of death ; regard death as much as possible as a natuial institution and this life as the pupilage for a better state of being. B. BELLIGERENT RANGE. Related to aggressive and defensive operations. III. DESTRUCTIVENESS. Definition : Fxecutiveness, propensity to destroy, exterminate, etc. ; it imparts energy of action and force of character. Deficiency: Tameness of disposition, lack of propelling power. Excess and Perversion : Anger, rage, cruelty, revenge, harsh- ness and severity, tendency to torment ; bitter, caustic language, in which is included cursing and scolding, is referable to the abuse of this faculty. To Cultivate : In cultivating this faculty care should be taken that it is exercised under the control of the higher faculties. Its legitimate office being to destroy and break through difficulties, its power can be increased by cultivating force and executiveness, by surmounting obstacles, and throwing yourself -into those situa- tions where you are obliged to cope with difficulties. You should take life as it comes, in the rough, and with a zest put your plans through all that opposes them. Hunting, blasting rocks, felling trees, gymnastic exercises, exercising indignation when wronged, espousing the cause of the oppressed, fighting public evils, such as intemperance, etc., are all calculated to cultivate and strengthen this faculty. To Restrain : This faculty is generally too strong compara- tively, and assisted by wrong food and drink is also abnormal in expression, and therefore requires a hundred-fold more regulation and restraint than cultivation. You should cultivate a mild, kind, and forgiving spirit, and. when you feel your anger rising, or are %4 TUF PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. inclined to be harsh, sarcastic, cruel, contrary, revengeful or malicious, with a firm will check it at the first indication. This can be done with a large measure of success by the principle of fian. " When you find your wrath rising unduly in conver- sation or business, turn on your heel and banish the provocation, however great, by doing or thinking of something else — some- thing that will effectually withdraw your mind from the aggrava- tion and consequent anger. This dwelling on them, while it seldom obviates any evil, only still further sours the temper and increases destructiveness. Reflect, in addition, that the error may possibly be yours — that your enemy thinks himself wronged as much as you do, and justifies his course as much as you do yours ; that to err is human ; and that the cause of the dispute may possibly be on both sides; that even if he alone is at fault, yet that, as you hope to be forgiven, so you must be willing to for- give. This diversion, in connection with these and kindred reflections, will soon curb your temper, and restore a serene and happy frame of mind." When occasion requires you to reprove, do it in a bland, gentle manner, rather than roughly ; avoid kill- ing anything, take little or no animal food and no spirituous liquors, and avoid everything that has a tendency to provoke you. IV. COMBATIVENESS. Definition: Propensity to defend, resist and oppose. To re- sist wrongs, to accomplish great projects involving opposition, and to do all this with determination, resolution, boldness and courage, is the office of Combativeness when rightly directed. Deficiency: Cowardice, inefficiency, want of energy of char- acter. Excess and Perversion : A fault-finding, contentious, quarrel- some disposition, pugnacity. To Cultivate: The faculty of Combativeness is absolutely necessary to success in all plans, purposes, aims, and objects of THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 25 life, hence the constant and persistent cultivation of it when de- ficient should be a daily and hourly law. To this end you should encourage a bold, resistant, defiant, self-dependent spirit ; fend off any and all imposition, engage in debates and mental contests involving the merits and demerits of politics, art, science and religion ; resent promptly any appearance of advantage, and never allow yourself to be over-ridden without an effort to defend your rights and position. Especially should you, in any undertakings you may plan, whether they be important or insignificant, ever lay hold of them with a courage and a determi- nation not to fail. Ever keep in mind the language of Combative- ness and Firmness : "I can and I will" never indulge in a " / can't" or allow yourself to be beaten, but otherwise push and follow up so closely and energetically as to carry all before you ; do not stop to enumerate the obstacles in your path, but carry them by storm. Speak out courageously, fearlessly, and emphat- ically, as though you meant all you said, and intended to make others feel it, and back your assertions up with the doing, of it. To Restrain : This is only necessary when perverted, or not governed by the higher faculties. You should avoid debates involving exciting discussions and conflicts of opinion as well as scenes and places where temptation to quarrel and fight would be likely to assail you. C. PRUDENTIAL RANGE Related to concealment of purpose, restraint, prudence and foresight. V. SECRETIVENESS. Definition : Propensity to conceal thoughts, feelings and deeds, in short, to suppress the expression of other mental opera- tions, producing discretion, reserve, policy, tact. It aids acquis- itiveness in the retention of property. The legitimitate object of this faculty is to restrain the outward expression of our thoughts and emotions, giving the understanding time to pronounce judg- ment on its propriety. Tin: PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. DEFICIENCY : Want of reserve or proper tact and policy, blunt- ness oi manner, transparency of thought and feelings, Excess \\d Perversion: Hypocrisy, double-dealing, deceit- fulness, evasion, slyness, trickery, craftiness. To Cultivate : To cultivate this facultv, be ever on the alert to exercise it. Do not let all your feelings burst out as they come up. for you may only make unnecessary enemies and lose friends. I se cautiousness and reason to keep impulse in check. Do not so freely divulge your plans and purposes, for in doing so you not only weaken your own efforts, or prevent their accomplishment, but allow others to anticipate you. A due degree of Secretive^ ness is indispensable to success in almost every undertaking. Especially keep your feelings to yourself till you have decided intellectually that their expression is proper. Measure all your words. Be guarded, wise, politic, reserved, and not too communi- cative. Explain yourself less plainly and pointedly. Be less blunt and open ; lawyer-like, let others do most of the talking and commit themselves, but keep yourself to yourself, observe and take lessons from those who have it strong, and "go and do like- wise." In the judicious cultivation of Secretiveness it is not necessary to practice deception in any form or degree, but it should always be subject to the rigid control of Conscientiousness. Lie not — yet leave others to find out as best they can. You may employ policy, not in deceiving others, but simply in protect- ing yourself — in withholding, but never in misstating. To Restrain : To diminish and regulate this faculty, you should, whenever the right occasion offers, unbosom your mind freely. Be less equivocal, and do things more openly. Take less pains to disguise your opinions and plans, and do above board what you do at all. Be frank with the world : frankness is the child of honesty and courage. Cultivate a direct, straightforward, above board and open spirit, and make a constant effort to give heart}- expression to thought and feeling. THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL BEG IS TEE. 27 VI. CAUTIOUSNESS. Definition : Propensity to seek safety and to avoid danger. This faculty conduces to prudence and carefulness, it is also the basis of fear, anxiety and watchfulness. Combined with intellect, it gives rise to foresight and forethought. Deficiency : Heedlessness, recklessness, disregard for conse- quences. Excess and Perversion : Indecision and irresolution, sus- piciousness, timidity, cowardice, undue sensibility to alarm, pro- crastination. To Cultivate : Those in whom this faculty is weak should remember that they are too careless, and that their thoughtless- ness is the principal cause of their misfortune, most of which carefulness would obviate. Such should ever watchfully put them- selves on their guard, and endeavor to reflect before doing ; they should dwell on the dangers they have escaped, especially let such guard against unforeseen catastrophes, and practice the motto of " sure bind, sure find." Count the advantages against, but not for you ; look out for breakers, think how much indiscre- tion and carelessness have injured you, and be more careful and watchful in everything ; remember that danger is always greater than you anticipate, so keep aloof from every appearance of it. To Restrain : Do not be ever anticipating imaginery evils, or ever apprehending danger where there is none, or regarding trifling obstacles as insurmountable, or so procrastinating as to let excellent opportunities constantly slip by. The way to do this is to offset the workings of this faculty by combativeness, judg- ment, decision, hope, and other faculties, and by exercising it less. Whenever the occasion offers, you should decide promptly, and then urge forward your project, whether it be a success or failure. You should constantly bear in mind that your fears are excessive, and oft-times wholly groundless ; that, having large Cautiousness, you are excited to more solicitude, doubt, irresolu- THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. tion, and procrastination than is reasonable or best ; and there- tore yon over-rate difficulties, magnify dangers, apprehend move difficult) than you ever experience, are anxious without cause, tearful where there is no danger, and waste time in procrastina - tion which should be devoted to action. Impress this upon your mind, and constantly endeavor to act on it, and your extra Cautious- ness will not result in much harm. D. INDUSTRIAL RANGE. Related to work, business and property. VII. ACQUISITIVENESS. Definition : Sense of property, propensity to acquire substance, desire to get, own, possess and keep. It is the principal element in industry, economy and providential forethought. It gives only the tendency or desire but not the ability to acquire property, un less accompanied with the necessary intellectual and other requisite qualities. It gives the desire to possess pictures, books, antique coins, minerals, etc., as well as property. Deficiency: Want of economy, wastefulness, prodigality, in- ability to appreciate the value of money or property. When this faculty is weak, there is little ability to keep money, in a thousand ways it slips through the fingers, spending it faster than is required, and never laying up anything for a " rainy day." Excess and Perversion : Selfishness, avarice, covetousness, a miserly, grasping disposition, and an all absorbing love of gain for its own sake. W 7 ith strongly marked caution and weak hope it produces penuriousness and want of enterprise. To Cultivate: When this faculty is weak, and there is too little economy and a tendency to lavish and careless expenditure, some plan devised by intellect must be put into operation to com- pel, as it were, a more prudent and saving course. Keeping a strict account of expenditures, and especially personal expenses, and looking over and balancing cash accounts frequently, will serve to remind one how the money goes, and wherein much of it THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL EEGISTER. 29 might readily be saved. Making up one's mind to get rich, if there be a strong will to back the resolution, arouses Acquisitive- ness and greatly increases its power. Save the pennies and everything useful which is not wanted now, against a time of need. Spend less, and only for articles that are absolutely required and that are really beneficial. If you are in a town, city, or village, where a saving's bank is located, open an account and make an effort to deposit something — if it is but an insignificant amount — weekly. Especially save the dribletts — " take care of the pennies, and the dollars will take care of themselves." Strive after all proper means to acquire and save property, and to gather about you the comforts and enjoyments of life. Remember you do not know how soon sickness, accident, or other circumstances, may take from you the ability to make money, and then, if you have heretofore been saving and economical, and possess a snug little sum at the bank, you are in a position independent of the cold chanties of the world. To Restrain : Be more liberal in the use of money. Remem- ber that the sole use of money is to purchase the means to properly gratify the other faculties. As long as you hoard it, it will do you no good. Cultivate the higher faculties : Benevolence, Conscien- tiousness, Ideality and the reflective faculties tend to counteract a miserly disposition or too great a love of money ; study means for enjoying your property, and often quit business for recreation. VIII. CONSTRUCTIVENESS. Definition : Disposition to mend, make and construct ; taste and inclination to engage in mechanical work. This faculty is essential in all arts which involve mechanical construction and configuration. Mechanical talent is not produced by Construc- tiveness alone, it merely produces the desire for and experiences pleasure in mecchanical labor. The ability to manifest skill in the use of tools depends upon the perceptive faculties in connection 1,,UK Conttructi-eness, and the ability to invent upon the reflective THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. Defk [ENCY : Lack oi ingenuity and aptitude. Excess vnd Perversion: Attempting mechanical impos- sibilities and impractical contrivances. To Cultivate : The constant use of tools, however awkwardly at first, the study of the mechanical arts, writing, drawing, obser- vation and study of machinery, etc., will promote the develop- ment of this faculty. SPECIES II. .KSTHETICAL OR IMPROVING FACULTIES. These faculties prompt to the improvement of self and surround- ings. They give desire for an appreciation of the beautiful, the great and the congruous. Refinement, art and poetry are the result of these faculties. IX. IDEALITY (Perfectiveness). Definition : Adapted to beauty, perfection and refinement. It is to this faculty that we owe our sense of the beautiful and the exquisite. It gives inspiration to the poet, painter, sculptor, orator, and writer, and tends to refine and elevate the mind in general. It is one of the main ingredients of the faculty of Imagination of the old metaphysical schools. Deficiency : Lack of taste, non-appreciation of the perfect and beautiful. Excess and Perversion : Over-fastidiousness, sickly refine- ment, a distaste for every-day life. To Cultivate : Carefully avoid all low and vulgar habits, associates and surroundings ; cultivate the company of the refined and pure-minded ; be scrupulously neat, dress tastefully, surround yourself if possible, with works of art, and practice the best style in conversation and manner. Study poetry, art and polite literature to appreciate beauty in all its forms. To Restrain : Remember that perfection is not one of the qualities of earthly things, and that in you the ideal and im- THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 31 aginative exceed the practical, and that you must try to realize that air-castles and ideal men and women are rather out of place in a rough, practical world like this. Do not not refuse to asso- ciate with others because they do not in all particulars meet your fastidious tastes. X. SUBLIMITY. Definition : Sense of the vast, stupendous, magnificent, grand, sublime and illimitable. It adapts us to the rugged in nature, the convulsive throes of troubled elements, mountains and ravines, cataracts, volcanic eruptions and storms. This faculty is another ingredient of the faculty of Imagination of the old metaphysicians. It inspires with great conceptions, nerves the pinions of the poet to ascend the lofty heights of sublime grandeur, gives a liking for magnificent descriptions and a tendency to grandiloquence. It gives merchants a desire to deal largely, and with strongly marked Hope to enter into great speculations. Deficiency : Inability to appreciate the grand and majestic, the magnificent and sublime. Excess : Leads to bombast, exaggeration and an inflated style. To Cultivate : Visit grand and wild scenery, admire the grand and stupendous in towering mountains, rushing wind and storm, loud thunder, raging sea, roaring cataracts, and the boundless, infinite and eternal in nature. XL MIRTHFULNESS. (Wit.) Definition: Wit, humor, love of fun, perception of the absurd and ridiculous, disposition to joke and be merry. It enjoys the ludicrous, the droll, comical, incongruous and eccentric. Deficiency : Indifference to wit and humor, inappreciation of jokes, excessive sedateness. Excess and Perversion : Clownishness, making fun on solemn and improper occasions, excessive levity of spirit, playing prac- tical jokes at the expense of others. -•J THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER* Vo Ci i rn \n •■ : The facetious aspect oi things and subjects should be contemplated, and the idea that dignity and se^-respect require perpetual seriousness must be resolutely combated. The company oi mirthful people should be sought, for nothing is more contagious than genuine jollity. There is a time to laugh, as well as a time to weep, and laughter is promotive of health and longevity. The injunction to "laugh and grow fat " is not with- out physiological reason, nor is the Shakesperian adage that "a light heart lives long" a mere poetical flourish. Attending com- ical theatrical exhibitions, farces, comic operas, reading the works of witty authors, also have a tendency to promote the activity of this faculty. To Restrain : Avoid turning everything into ridicule. It is the abuse of this faculty you should try to avoid by cultivating sobriety and reverence. GENUS II. SOCIETARY OR SOCIAL FACULTIES. These faculties depend largely, if not entirely, upon other beings for their gratification. They adapt man to live with his fellows ; they give rise to the Family, to Society and the State. SPECIES I. DOMESTIC FACULTIES. Related to sex, children, home and friends. XII. AMATIVENESS. Definition: The sexual instinct (Instinct of propagation). It produces physical love between the sexes, and is adapted to the continuance of the species ; it is the great centre of attrac- tion which draws the sexes together. Deficiency: Indifference to the opposite sex. Excess and Perversion: Sensuality, libertinism, licentious- ness, proneness to vulgarity in expression and action. To Culi [v \ i e : This faculty, like any other, can be cultivated by judicious exercise. The exercise required is that which THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. &3 embodies the feeling of obligation, devotion, and love to the opposite sex. You should go into society as much as con\enient, ever making' (or trying to make) yourself as pleasant, entertain- ing, and agreeable as possible. Marriage when rightly entered into and rightly observed,, will greatly help to growth into a full sexuality. To Restrain : Direct this feeling more to the mental and less to the personal qualities of the other sex ; admire and love them more for their minds than their bodies, for their intellectual and moral qualities than mere instruments of passion ; seek the society of the virtuous and good ; live on a plain, non-stimulating diet, avoiding coffee, tea, tobacco, and all spirituous liquors on account of their tendency to increase sexual passion, if for no other reason ; bathe daily in cold or tepid water ; exercise much out doors, and apply yourself more closely to mental and physical labor. Judi- dious gymnastic exercise is also very beneficial. XIII. PHILOPROGENITIVENESS. Definition : Love of offspring and of children generally, parental tenderness and affection, fondness for pets, animals, etc. Persons largely endowed with this faculty are enveloped with a magnetism that, without a word or action, draws all children toward them, making friends at once with them. The children trust them at sight, and love them as quickly. Those who have the care of children, as well as all teachers of children, should possess it in full, for in this lies the great secret of success with the young. Deficiency : When this faculty is deficient, children are re- garded with indifference, are felt to be a heavy burden and they are generally abandoned to the care of menials or altogether neglected. Excess and Perversion : When too energetic and not regu- lated by judgment, it leads to pampering and spoiling children, indulging them in everything they desire, and produces inordinate •u THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL BBGI8TJER. solicitude and anxiety on their account and excessive grief over their loss. s To Cultivate : To cultivate the faculty of Parental Love one should court the society of children; play much with them, and try to enter into the spirit of their sports and games, and to sympathize with them in their little joys and griefs, being always tender and indulgent toward them. Those who have no children of their own should, if they have the means to support them, adopt one or more, or provide some suitable pets. To Restrain : If there be a tendency to idolatrous fondness or to undue and hurtful indulgence, the restraining influence of reason and moral sentiment must be brought to bear. It should be impressed upon the mind that the good of the child requires the exercise of the parents' authority, and that they are respon- sible for all the evils which come from their neglect to exercise it. XIV. ADHESIVENESS. Definition : The gregarious instinct, propensity to form attachments, sociability, love of society, desire to congregate, affiliate with and to form friends and acquaintances. In my opinion phrenologists attribute to this and other faculties belonging to this group, higher and nobler functions than careful observation warrants ; an individual may have a very poor develop- ment of the cranial signs of Adhesiveness and yet manifest decided capacity for real, disinterested friendship ; and the reverse is fre- quently true of individuals with a large development of the cranial sign of this faculty. The faculty of Adhesiveness as localized by phrenologists gives the tendency to form attachments and indulge friendly feelings, but only in combination with a good development of the higher faculties, the so-called moral senti- ments or conforming faculties, does this faculty give rise to that holiest of all feelings, pure, disinterested friendship. DEFICIENCY: Indifference to social interests, love of solitude, lack of sociability. THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 35 Excess and Perversion : Attachment to worthless or impro- per persons. To Cultivate : The right cultivation of this faculty, when deficient, is very important to all whose aim is success in life. You should not wrap yourself up in the frigid cloak of selfish isolation, but should' cultivate friendship by associating freely with those around you, ever opening up your better nature to the reception and expression of cordial friendship. To live alone, and close the avenues of warm-hearted friendship, is to exclude one of the highest pleasures of living. Be less exclusive and fastidious in regard to associates, and do not refuse to affiliate with those not exactly to your liking. Try to be less distant, go more into society and be more companionable. You should try to ever cultivate cordiality toward all mankind, and when traveling by sea or land you should " scrape acquaintance'' with your fellow-travelers, freely exchanging views and feelings by social intercourse and friendly gossip. In business you should especially cultivate Adhesiveness, taking a strong interest in the hopes, desires, and aims of all those with whom you come in contact (whether they be immediately related to you in a business way or otherwise), advising, encouraging, and assisting them if necessary. The doing of this with an earnest desire will effect a wonderful influence in your own material prosperity and happiness of mind. Strong Adhesiveness is a necessity to success in all kinds of business ; for its exercise secures customers for the merchant, .clients for the lawyer, patients for the physician, patrons and pupils for the teacher, hearers for the preacher, work for the mechanic, markets for the farmer, votes for the politician and patronage for all who exercise it. Friendly, social people are appreciated wherever they may be ; while the society of cold, coy and distant persons is never sought. To Restrain : Adhesiveness rarely requires restraining, but it should be kept under the guidance of the intellect and moral senti- THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. ments, so as not to be- bestowed upon unworthy objects. If you have formed improper attachments break them off at oncer and do it thoroughly; banish as tar as possible all ideas of the person or persons involved and busy yourself about other matters, so as to en- able you to forget all about them. XV. A. INHABITIVENESS. Definition: Love of home, desire for a home or place of abode, attachment to the place where one has lived. Deficiency: Indifference to home surroundings, a roaming disposition. Excess and Perversion :. H ome-sickness results from its ex- cessive or morbid action, also prejudices against other places or countries. To Cultivate : To increase the activity of this faculty, a home with a small piece of land attached should be secured. You should improve it by planting fruit trees and shrubbery, multiply- ing conveniences about it, staying much at home, indulging a love for it, making it as attractive as possible, and dwelling on the associations and memories connected with it. Especially should you avoid moving from one place to another, for this has a ten- dency to enfeeble this faculty. To Restrain ; Go frequently abroad, travel, visit friends at a distance, read books of travel, and become interested in other homes and lands than your own. XV. B. CONTINUmVENESS OR CONCENTRATIVENESS. The cerebral seat of the faculty of Inhabitiveness was dis- covered by Dr. Spurzheim, but the function of this particular part of the brain has given rise to no end of argument and discussion on the part of phrenologists. Mr. Geo. Coombe and his followers claim that it is the seat of the faculty termed by Combe Con- centrativeness, and by others called Continuity. Dr. Spurzheim strongly dissented from this view, giving (to my mind, at least), THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 37 excellent reasons for so doing. Most American phrenologists compromised in this matter and acknowledge two faculties, one, Concentrativeness or Continuity, and Inhabitiveness, the former faculty having its seat above Inhabitiveness. Vimont, an emi- nent French phrenologist, on the other hand, while accepting two faculties and two cerebral seats of same, places Inhabitive- ness above and Continuity below. I regard Continuitiveness or Concentrativeness as an incidental effect of Inhabitiveness and for this reason consider it under the same head. Continuitiveness may be defined as the quality which gives un- divided and continued attention to one subject until it is finished, and distaste for change and variety. Persons with this faculty strong are disposed to dwell upon one subject and to keep at one kind of work ; they possess more continuity of action and are indisposed to change from one thing to another. Deficiency : Excessive fondness for variety, inclination to mental rambling, restlessness and changeableness of study, im- patience, tendency to have too many irons in the fire. Excess and Perversion : Prolixity, tediousness, dwelling too long on one thing. Some writers contend that the function ascribed to Continuity is performed by the faculty of Firmness; this, to my mind is not the case. Firmness gives steadfastness, determination, obstinacy of purpose ; Continuitiveness gives patient, plodding, application and continuity to impressions, whether feelings or ideas. While phrenologists do not quite agree as to the exact function of this faculty and its organ or centre in the brain, all will, I think, agree with Mr. Nicholas Morgan : " Whatever may be the exact nature of its function and its various modes of operation, settledness, stability, industry and attention are agreeable to it, but want of application, rovingness, inconstancy and desultoriness affect it disagreeably." To Cultivate : Fix the mind and keep it fixed on one subject for a long time ; do not allow your thoughts to wander or your 38 THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. attention to be distracted or indulge variety and diversity in any- thing, let it be "One thing at a time." Such an arrangement of work or business as will compel continuous attention to one thing, or a steady adherence to one line of conduct will tend to increase the activity of this faculty. Americans, as a rule, are deficient in Continuity, and one great reason for this is the mode of educa- tion. Crowding so many studies upon the attention of children in one day — devoting a few minutes to reading, a few minutes to spelling, a few more to writing, a few more to arithmetic, etc., can not help resulting in weak Continuity. To Restrain : Engage in what will compel you to attend to a great many different things in quick succession, move rapidly from one thing to another, dwelling on nothing long. In writing or speaking, where there is a tendency to prolixity, it is well to prescribe to one's self, before commencing, rather narrow limits, and make it a point not to overstep them. SPECIES III. GOVERNING OR ASPIRING FACULTIES. Related to Independence, Self-will, Social Eminence ; tend- ing to the government of the family and society. XVI. SELF-ESTEEM. Definition : Self-respect, dignity, pride, propensity to com- mand and govern, to take the lead and direct the conduct and affairs of others; it also produces independence and individuality of character. When Self-Esteem is supported by a fair share of Combativeness and Hopefulness it produces the feeling of self- reliance and self-confidence. Deficiency: Self-distrust and depreciation, diffidence, want of self-assurance, humility. Excess and Perversion : Insupportable pride, egotism, im- periousness, haughtiness. To Cultivate: The cultivation of this faculty, when deficient, is of the greatest importance, as nothing makes up for the lack of THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 39 Self- Esteem in man. The only way to cultivate it is To Exercise It, to assume responsibilities, instead of shrinking from them ; to take the lead, to laugh at and make light of difficulties. Push forward in company or in public assemblies ; sing, read, or speal: in public, and don't be daunted by failure, but persevere till ] can do before a public audience what you can do in your r room. Never say " I can't." Remember that you plac a valuation on yourself, that you are at least as r generality of your fellow-men, that what you lack but confidence in your ability, and that success deal upon one's estimate of one's self. M> moderate ability achieve success through the this faculty inspires. "They are able, 1 are able." On the other hand, many persons of much greater ability fail in similar circumstances, because a lack of Self- Esteem makes them hesitate to assume responsibility. Remember also, that the higher you rate yourself, the higher will you be rated by others. If you place a low estimate upon yourself, most people will rate you still lower. Never underrate yourself ; leave that to the world, and when the world makes its estimate, clap on a hun- dred per cent and the world will pay you fifty. The too low valuation, which arises from the deficiency of this faculty can also be corrected by bringing prominently into view the best traits of your character and your capabilities and reflecting on the exalted nature of these endowments. In the undertaking of any work, and the doing of it, assume a confidence of success, and an ability to cope with and complete it. As, by aiming at the sun, though we do not hit it, we yet shoot much higher than if our mark were low, so this faculty inspires us to desire and attempt to do and become something worthy of ourselves, and should therefore be cultivated. A correct physiognomical analysis of your character and talents will do much to correct false and especially too low esti- mates of your character. To cultivate it in children throw them 40 77//-; PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER, upon their own resources as much as possible. Do no1 humble I rather exalt them ill their own estimation. Raise, not hem. STRAIN : In the restraint of this faculty, or rather in its ction — for it is more often perverted than excessive — d keep in mind that your exalted notions are more apt to inordinate Self- Esteem than real merit, and that there- your talents great or small, you overrate them; that > apt to put yourself too much forward ; that more modesty prove you, and that an over-bearing demeanor has a to turn other people against you. You should care- fully 1 the proud, haughty, touch-me-not, imperious I-am-bet- ter-than ou bearing, which at all times is utterly contemptible. Granted that you are better than others what have you that you have not received. Then why thus vaunt yourself on what was given you. True greatness produces modesty, not ostentation ; XVII. APPROBATIVENESS. Definition : Love of approbation, the desire to please, to gain approval, admiration, reputation and popularity ; love of praise, fame and glory ; love of display ; ambition. l)i.i iciency : Disregard for the opinion of others and personal appearance. Excess and Perversion: Vanity, affectation, over-anxiety to please, efforts to obtain applause and notoriety, undue sensitive- ness to praise and blame. Self-praise, jealousy, rivalry and envy take their origin from perverted Approbativeness. An excess oi Approbativeness and Cautiousness with weak Self Esteem gives rise to bashfulness. To Cultivate: Remember that you often stand in your own light by caring too little for the opinion of other people, for appear- ance and character : you should cherish a higher regard for public opinion ; ever strive to assume those pleasant modes of action and expression, and agreeable manners and address calculated to THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 41 elicit encomiums. Say agreeable things as often and as far as consistent with the higher faculties, and when you must say un- pleasant things, say them as pleasantly as possible, uniting per- suasiveness with force. Never neglect appearance, especially in those little matters of life which win. Never say " I don't care." Read Lord Chesterfield's " Letters to My Son." To Restrain : Possessing an excessive endowment of this faculty, you should ever remember that you are altogether too sensi- tive to correction and reproof ; that your feelings are often hurt when there has been no occasion ; that when you imagine yourself neglected, the cause is entirely within yourself. Too great sensi- tiveness to praise and blame can be overcome by using reason to show how little either of them is generally worth, and by recalling to mind how often the feelings have been hurt in the past, when, as has been afterwards seen, there was no real cause. Subject Approbativeness to Conscientiousness, that is, do what is right and let people think and say what they like. One good method to restrain Approbativeness is to cultivate Self-Esteem, because, as a rule, the higher we rate ourselves and our abilities, the less we care for the opinion of others. XVIII. FIRMNESS. Definition : Stability, tenacity of purpose, determination, for- titude, aversion to change. When this faculty is strong it gives permanency and steadiness to the character, it is the chief in- gredient in that great virtue perseverance, without which nothing would be accomplished. It is strong in all great characters. It has done much to make them great by making them steady to their purposes. " This is the propensity to resist the influences which tend to produce changes of purpose, such as persuasions, arguments, threats, examples and commands. It tends to bestow stability of character." — Grimes. Deficiency : Inability, unsteadiness, lack of backbone, fickle- mind edness. When this faculty is weak the character is feeble, THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. changeable, fickle as the wind, unstable as the cloud, and indicates a conscious want of power to struggle against opposing forces and a tendency to yield. A great deal of dishonesty is caused by a deficiency o( Firmness ; people so organized often find it very hard to resist temptation. Excess and Perversion: Stubbornness, obstinacy, willfulness, unwillingness to change even when reason and argument would require it. To Cultivate: To cultivate and increase this faculty, ever remember that it is a necessity to success in all efforts, and therefore you should persevere and give nothing up until it is completed. Be more positive and accustom yourself to say : "I know or I will," instead of " I think, reckon, or guess." Allow no obstacles, be they great or small, to turn you from the end you aim at. Strive and encourage a mind and will of your own, and never allow yourself to be persuaded contrary to your better judgment. Steadily and continuously resist temptations, and remember that those who persevere and hold out to the end alone are crowned. Especially never yield in the least where right is concerned. Moral decision is a virtue of the highest order. To Restrain : Try and realize the fact — and in your daily and hourly intercouse with your fellow-men never forget the fact — that you are too obstinate, persistent, and mulishly stubborn. Endeavor to see your error of character in this direction, and ever endeavor to remedy it. You should especially endeavor not to decide on any question at issue until you are sure you are right. You should ever hold yourself open to conviction and correction, and remember that your excessive Firmness is liable to so blind your intellect and better judgment that you cannot possibly see the full force of evidence brought against you, and that you are too hard to convince, too inflexible, etc. The needless losses and humiliations to which obstinacy and an unreasonable per- sistence in a line of conduct proved to be wrong or impractical has subjected you, should be constantly recalled to mind when THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 43 you are tempted to be willful and stubborn. In short, you should subject your excessive or misdirected Firmness to your reason, prudence, justice, and other faculties. SPECIES III — MORAL AND CONFORMING FACULTIES. These faculties create the moral or ethical feelings and emotions which humanize and elevate the nature of man. They produce a disposition to submit, oblige, sympathize, hope and believe. They are related to society in general, producing conformity to its requirements in opposition to selfishness, clannishness and self-will. XIX. EQUITABLENESS OR JUSTICE. Definition : Impulse to be impartial and just ; rectitude of purpose, love of right and truth ; sense of duty. This faculty impels us to be fair and square in business and other transactions. It only gives the disposition to be just, but not the ability to ascertain what constitutes right and wrong. This depends upon the intellectual faculties; neither does this faculty alone " pro- duce honesty." Honesty and ethical conduct generally is the result of a proper balance of the moral and other mental faculties and proper moral training and education. Deficiency: Lack of sense of justice, indifference to right and wrong. When this faculty is very weak, the individual decides questions according to prejudice, friendship and self-interest, instead of the rules of truth and justice. Excess and Perversion : Undue and excessive censure of others ; self-condemnation. To Cultivate : Always ask yourself what is right or wrong and adhere closely to the former and avoid the latter ; make everything a matter of principle, and do just as nearly right as you know how in everything. A constant effort to keep the sense of right and wrong uppermost in our minds in all cur transactions and to make everything subservient to justice will induce activity of this faculty. H THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER, Vo Restrain ; Remember that you arc too exacting, thai you often think you see Faults where there are none, that von carry duty and right to a needless extreme, that you are too condem- natory and need to cultivate a more lenient, forbearing and for- giving spirit XX. HOPEFULNESS. Definition: Expectation, anticipation, tendency of mind to contemplate the future with bright expectations of happiness and success. It inspires cheerful, rosy views of life, dispelling doubt and fear of failure ; it enables one to meet disappointments and discouragements and bear them with patience. When this faculty is very strong it gives a cheerful, happy, hoping, castle-building, " good-time coming " disposition, a gladsome, merry heart, a soul alive with high expectation, and makes its possessor look on the bright side of things. The faculties of Cautiousness, Combative- ness and Self-Esteem materially affect the activity and power of this feeling. Deficiency: A down-in-the-mouth, desponding, deploring, hopeless, melancholy, and gloomy state of mind. Excess and Perversion : Undue expectancy, tendency to magnify every advantage. To Cultivate : This faculty, when strong, spurs on -to effort, and therefore contributes to success — for those who expect but little, attempt and accomplish but little. Hence it should be the aim of all to cultivate and encourage its due development. Dis- couragements should never for a moment be allowed to depress you: but go on, renew the effort, and "hope on — hope ever." Never, when failure crosses your plans and purposes, supinely lie there, but bestir yourself, search out the cause, and again hope- fully and joyfully resume the struggle. " Never give up the ship. 5 ' If it storms to-day, to-morrow is the more likely to be fair. And when troubles lower and difficulties thicken, the true man will outride the storm by remembering that "the darkest THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 45 hour is just before day," and that his lot, compared with many others, is quite comfortable. Remember that the exercise of this faculty redoubles all your faculties, and enables you to enjoy them twice — in anticipation as well as fruition — while gloomy forebodings blight present pleasure as well as blast all the delights of expectation. In all your troubles cultivate a cheerful, happy, hopeful disposition ; endeavor to expect more than you do ; calcu- late all the chances for and none against you. Dwell on and recount all that has been favorable to you, and avoid thinking or talking of that which has been unfavorable. Bear in mind, par- ticularly, that those with a good endowment of this faculty would look upon the same prospects very differently — that you behold them through diminishing and dark-shaded glasses, and hence should make due allowance. Lively, youthful society, and the companionship of those who are cheerful and buoyant, has a tendency to promote Hope and develope the faculty in those who are naturally too easily discouraged and apt to look on the dark side of things. To Restrain : When relatively too strong it renders its possessor chimerical and speculative, and liable to lose all by attempting more than can be accomplished. You should en- deavor to offset excessive expectation by intellect. Dock off half or two-thirds from what you really expect to obtain, for this is all you may reasonably calculate upon. Say to yourself : " My hope so far exceeds realities, that I shall not get half what I expect," and calculate accordingly. Go more slowly and surely. Do not try so many experiments, or enter upon so many schemes. Build fewer air-castles. Be content in the present, and do not hope so much for the future. Ever bear in mind that you are constitu- tionally inclined to overrate every prospect and to underrate every difficulty. XXI. VENERATION OR SUBMISSIVENESS. Definition : Reverence, deference, devotion, obedience, res- pect for superiority, submissiveness. It produces respect and THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. reverence in general, for whatever seems great and good and superior to us, and whatever we are brought up to consider great and good and worth}- of respect and honor ; but it does not point out the beings or things that are worthy of respect, nor the manner of manifesting it. This is determined by the capacity of the intellect to form correct judgment, by education, habit, cus- tom and other circumstances ; it may be directed to rank, titles, wealth, particular creeds and customs, laws and institutions. It gives respect for old age and superior persons and powers, in- cluding those supernatural powers whose existence is believed in- It forms an essential ingredient in religious devotion ; it prompts to filial piety in children ; it respects power and authority and leads to obedience ; it tends to conserve old institutions, holds to ancient opinions, creeds and customs, that may have nothing but antiquity to recommend them. When Veneration is strong and Self-Esteem weak, it produces a humble disposition ; Veneration is the source of true politeness and is one of the principal religious emotions. Deficiency : Want of reverence and respect. When this faculty is weak in an individual and Firmness and Self-Esteem, strong, he is apt to be stubborn, unsubmissive and self-willed, it also gives rise to an unceremonious bluntness, want of respect- fulness in manner, and a tendency to treat superiors with undue familiarity. Excess and Perversion : Slavish deference to rank, hero- worship, idolatry, fanaticism, bigotry, religious intolerance. To Cultivate : Associate with persons religiously disposed, especially those whose character is such as to command great respect, along with attendance on religious worship and daily family devotions. Cultivate respect for superiors and every true man and woman and every good cause. To Restrain: Self-Esteem should be cultivated, the mind withdrawn from the constant contemplation of subjects on which the mind is warped and enlisted in more worldly measui THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 47 XXII. CREDENCIVENESS OR FAITH (Marvellousness). Definition : Faith, trust, belief, disposition to believe what is not proved, to act on the testimony of others and to believe the assertions of others without enquiring into the evidence. It is the basis of Faith in revealed religions, belief in the immortal and invisible ; it longs for the mysterious, wonderful and extra- ordinary. It is the opposite to doubt and suspicion and assumes a thing to be true ; it also gives a tendency to magnify and ex- aggerate. Deficiency : Skepticism, incredulity, lack of faith ; with strong Combativeness it leads to contradiction and facetious opposition. Excess and Perversion : Credulity, superstition, love of the marvellous, tendency to put too much trust and confidence in others. To Cultivate : Remember that there are a great many things not capable of being proven by reason, that are nevertheless true, and keep the mind open to new truths. To Restrain : Don't believe everything put before you ; study the practicalities and realities of this life, and rely more upon your reason as guided by your experience. XXIII. BENEVOLENCE. Definition: Desire to do good. It tends to produce amiable- ness, gentleness, and mildness of manner, an obliging disposition, and leads to the fulfilment of the great commandment, " Love thy neighbor as thyself ; " it looks charitably upon the shortcomings of others. It is the basis of philanthropy and the love of humanity in general. It is opposed to sectarianism, clannishness and ex- clusiveness in society. This faculty, it should be remembered, differs materially from Adhesiveness ; Adhesiveness is more gregarious in its nature and is directed towards special individuals, it gives the desire to form friends and acquaintances, and gives pleasure and happiness when in their company. Benevolence, on L8 TUB PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER, the Other hand, gives good-will towards the whole human race ami is gratified when they are happy. It practically say£: "The world is my country and to do good is my religion. " The active expression o\ this faculty is seen in the asylums foi the poor and the unfortunate, hospitals, charity-schools, retreats, etc., which are to he found everywhere in civilized society. But its noblest deeds are often done where no eye but God's can see them. Deficiency : Indifference to the wants of others, lack of kind- ness and sympathy. Excess and Perversion: Imprudent liberality, ill-bestowed charity. To Cultivate: To cultivate this faculty, you should always try to be more generous and less selfish, always remembering that the giver is even more blessed than the receiver. The right ex- ercise of this faculty, in the very nature of things, renders its possessor happy, while selfishness interdicts one of the most exalted enjoyments of our being, as those who are the least selfish are the most happy. Hence, though all our weak faculties should be cultivated, Benevolence, more than any other, should be in constant action. To Restrain is hardly necessary and only when it is misdirected. It is not required that you beggar yourself and family by lending, endorsing, or yielding to sympathy in opposition to judgment. Remember that those who solicit help most urgently too often deserve it least. Whenever you give, give judiciously and know- ingly. Never endorse for any person, or under any consideration. It is preferable to give outright, if you have a surplus, lending only what you can afford to lose. Give and do less freely than you naturally incline, strive to govern this faculty by intellect, and be just before you are generous. XXIV. IMITATIVKNKSS. Definition: Disposition to imitate, to do as others do"; it imitates anything, seen, heard or done, and what is useless, foolish THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 40 and bad, as well as what is useful, wise, noble and good ; it sim- ply copies without determining the nature and value of what it copies, this being the duty of other faculties. Imitativeness is one of the chief channels by which we obtain knowledge and benefit by surrounding influences. It is necessary in learning to talk, in copying the habits, fashions, and manners of society, etc. Imi- tativeness is a powerful social element as well as an important moral quality, as most of our work is learned by imitation. Those who have this faculty strong can readily adapt themselves to the feelings, actions and situations of those they come in contact with. " Imitativeness is intimately connected with and is a natural auxiliary of Benevolence. It is the most powerful of the con- forming faculties, because its action is involuntary as well as voluntary." — Hoffman. This faculty is very necessary to actors, orators, and authors, as it enables them to temporarily forget themselves and "enter into " the feelings of an imaginery char- acter ; for this reason it has been called the theatrical or dramatic faculty. It is also essential to painters, sculptors, designers and mechanics. But it should be remembered that Imitativeness does not give the ability to copy works of art or mechanism, to do this the perceptive faculties and Constructiveness are necessary. The function of Imitativeness is incorrectly analyzed in most phrenological works. It is somewhat remarkable that Herbert Spencer (at that time a student of phrenology) and Hudson Lowe of England, and Stanley J. Grimes of America, were the first to interpret the function of this faculty correctly, they did this about the same time and unknown to each other. Deficiency : Oddity, eccentricity, lack of adaptability, in- dividuality of character. Excess and Perversion : Servile imitation, buffoonery. To Cultivate: This faculty, when rightly cultivated, tends to general progress and enjoyment and therefore should be assiduously cultivated. You should imitate whatever in others will make you better and improve you mentally or physically ; THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. but you should ever earnestly strive against copying the vices of mankind. Manners, expressions, sentiments, ideas, opinions, and everything that in the copying will develop a higher culture, you should copy. A very powerful aid in the cultivation of this faculty ood example. Be careful then to select such companions as possess those qualities you would like to and ought to imitate. To RESTRAIN: Maintain more of your own personality in thought and character, and be less of a parrot and echo of other people's individualities and cultivate originality. XXV. SUAVITIVENESS. Definition: Affability, blandness, pleasantness, amiability, smoothness of manner, piiableness of disposition. It imparts the ability to make one's self acceptable to others, and to adopt a persuasive and conciliatory mode of address and pleasant manners. Deficiency: Inability to make one's self agreeable. Excess and Perversion: Blarney, flattery, affectation. To Cultivate : Remember that manner is often quite an im- portant matter, and that men will often swallow bitter doses of truth if expressed in a sweet, acceptable manner ; therefore you should study and constantly practice the art of politeness and pleasing, by acting in such a way as to make yourself, so far as possible, agreeable in all you say and do to those around, you. Note: — Suavitiveness can hardly be called a primitive faculty of the mind, and there is certainly little or no evidence that there is a special organ or centre of agreeableness or suavitiveness, notwithstanding the claims of its discoverer, Mr. L. N. Fowler. It is my opinion that the mental quality corresponding with Agreeableness is a special mode of action of the faculties of Benevolence and Imitativeness, particularly of Imitativeness, aided by Hope and Approbativeness. There is no denying that the region of the brain marked by L. N. Fowler, Agree- ableness. contributes to amiability and suavity of manner, but no case has been out in favor of a special faculty and organ THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 51 of Agreeableness. While I deny both faculty and organ of Agreeableness, I retain the mental condition termed Agreeable- ness on the list of mental faculties and powers, along with Continuitiveness and Intuition (Human Nature), of which I hold views similar to those expressed regarding Agreeableness. ORDER II. INTELLECTUAL FACULTIES. These faculties have to do exclusively with objects and things, their physical qualities and abstract relations. They create a desire for information and furnish the ability to acquire knowledge in general, take cognizance of facts and conditions and remember and reason from them. GENUS L — PERCEPTIVE FACULTIES. These faculties perceive natural objects and their physical qualities, together with some of their relations. They constitute the direct medium of communication between the other faculties and the material world and convey to the mind all the physical information it is capable of acquiring. XXVI. OBSERVATION (Individuality). Definition : The great notice-taker, prompts to minute obser- vation ; desire to see and examine; talent and aptitude for observ- ing things minutely. This faculty is indispensable to the study of the physical sciences, to travelers, artists, mechanics, etc. Deficiency: Dullness of observation, indisposition to notice natural objects. Excess and Perversion : Prying curiosity, inquisitiveness. To Cultivate : Look, see, inspect and examine things more closely, notice whatever comes within the range of your vision. An excellent suggestion for developing this faculty in conjunction with Form, Size, Weight, Color, and Eventuality, is with a com- panion to walk at an ordinary gait past a shop window containing a variety of goods, and looking in while passing. After you have THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. passed it, record with a pencil on paper as full a description as possible of all that your observing powers have been able"" to note while passing, and then compare notes with your companion. Perseverance in this simple exercise will develope a wonderful ability for taking in through the door of Observation all that is transpiring a round you. Natural history, especially botany, anatomy, mineralogy, and chemistry, are departments of know- ledge particularly fitted to develope this faculty. It is also exer- cised in the study of Phrenology and Physiognomy. To Restrain : To restrain is seldom, if ever, necessary. Re- flection, may, however, be set as a guard upon Observation when it tends to make the individual obtrusive. Reflect upon what you see ; be less superficial and more profound. XXVII. FORM. Definition : Perception, appreciation and recollection of the forms of things, ability to remember faces and the outline and shape of things. Persons with this faculty strongly marked sel- dom forget any one whom they have once seen. It aids in draw- ing, copying, sketching and shaping things by the eye ; with the aid of Constructiveness and Size it reproduces the forms of persons and things, models, patterns, pictures, etc. This faculty is essential to portrait painters, mineralogists, physiognomists, engravers, botanists, mechanics and all imitative arts. Deficiency : Inability to distinguish objects from each other by their form ; poor memory of faces. Excess and Perversion : Undue sensitiveness to want of harmony. To Cultivate : Scan the shape of everything you would re- member ; study botany, geology, phrenology, physiognomy, and all studies which involve configuration. When talking to per* sons scan their eyes, nose, mouth, chin and expression, especially of the eye, as if you were determined ever afterward to remember them, looking at them critically, as a detective looks THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 53 at a rogue, as if saying to yourself: "I'll know you, my man, next time I see you." Practice drawing and everything that requires accuracy of delineation. XXVIII. SIZE. Definition: Cognizance of space. Adapted to the absolute and relative magnitude of things ; ability to measure distances by the eye, and to judge of length, breadth, height, depth ; to appre- ciate proportion and of detecting departures from it; to judge of weight by bulk, as cattle, timber, stone, etc. It is essential to geometricians, geographers, architects, carpenters, machinists, mechanics and artists generally. Deficiency: Inability to estimate size and distance. To Cultivate : You should constantly exercise your judgment on whatever involves the length, breadth, height, and other dimen- sions of objects, and then verify observation by measurement. Guess at the weight and quantity of things, and otherwise observe the suggestions recommended for the cultivation of Form, as they involve size and proportion, as well as configuration. XXIX. WEIGHT. Definition : Intuitive perception and application of the prin- ciples of specific gravity ; sense of force or resistance. It gives the capacity for balancing, for maintaining an erect position, for supporting steadily the centre of gravity, and for judging of the perpendicular, to discriminate the gravity and density of bodies, and estimate the force necessary to overcome resistance. It is strongly marked in all good engravers, engineers, sculptors, surgeons, pianists, skaters, billiardists, rifleshots, dancers, acrobats, horsemen and practical mechanics generally. Deficiency : Inability to judge of the perpendicular or to keep the centre of gravity, liability to stumble. Excess and Perversion : Attempting hazardous feats of bal- ancing in horsemanship, rope-dancing, climbing, etc. M THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL EEGIStEIi. To Ci i n\ \ii' : Practise horseback riding, skating, climbing, shooting, gymnastic teats, balancing, pitching quoits, anything that will call this faculty into exercise. To Restrain : Cultivate caution and do not attempt dangerous feats of climbing and balancing. XXX. COLOR. Definition: Perception of primary colors and their shadings and Mendings and the relations of harmony and discord between them. Deficiency: inability to distinguish colors; colorblindness. Excess and Perversion : Fastidious criticism of tints. To Cultivate : You should observe colors and their manifold shadings, naming, arranging, and classifying them. Try to appre- ciate their beauties, and take pleasure in admiring their richness as seen in flowers, birds, paintings, etc. XXXI. ORDER. Definition : Faculty of noticing the succession and arrange- ment of things in nature, in business and in art ; desire to have things in their places. Its function is confined to physical arrange- ment or order and method in relation to physical objects ; classifica- tion, generalization and systematization in science and, philosophy depend upon the reflective faculties. Deficiency : Disorder, slovenliness and general irregularity. Excess and Perversion : Excessive neatness. To Cultivate : A due development of Order is absolutely necessary to success in the least, as well as the greatest, of life's efforts, and therefore, when deficient, it should strenuously and continuously be cultivated. To this end you should make it a law unto yourself to have a place for everything and everything in its place, so that you can, when required, lay your hand upon everything you possess whenever wanted, even in the dark. All your business concerns you should do by rule and system at the THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 55 proper place and time ; you should rise in the morning, eat your meals, and retire at night at certain hours with clock-work regularity. All your engagements should be kept faithfully at the time appointed. In your reading and studies, you should so arrange them as to give a certain time to each, and closely abide by that arrangement. In all the habits, little or great, that govern your daily life, you should make especial endeavors to cultivate this important faculty. The doing of this will very materially assist you in the acquirement of health and happiness — not omitting wealth, if that be your aim. To Restrain : When there is a morbid action of this faculty, you should make an effort to withdraw your mind from the con- templation of such matters ; you should not waste your strength and worry your life in the little niceties of order ; and you should consider how impossible it is to have everything exactly to one's mind in this respect, and that you only waste your time and mar your temper in the attempt to reduce everything to the regular arrangement you love. Avoid becoming " more nice than wise." XXXII. CALCULATION. This faculty gives the idea of numbers and gives the ability to combine numbers, Definition: The arithmetical faculty, — the one that adds, subtracts, multiplies and divides ; the one that is used in the practical application of all arithmetical rules. When it is very strong it will perform arithmetical calculations with wonderful rapidity. With good Order added, it gi\es book-keeping talent; with good reflective faculties added, mathematical ability; with good Size and Locality, talent for geometry. Deficiency : Lack of arithmetical talent. Excess and Perversion : Disposition to count and figure everything. To Cultivate : The study of arithmetic and algebra, and the practice of calculation in its various forms, and especially mental TUB PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. computations exercise and develope this faculty, as also the habit oi charging the mind with the memory of numbers of houses m a street, the pages of a book, etc. XXXIII. LOCALITY. Definition: Perception of the direction and position of ob- jects : the geographical faculty ; ability to find one's way ; to remember places ; memory of the location of objects. It also gives a desire to see new places, enjoys travel, gives fondness for scenery and landscapes, gives desire and talent for geography, geology, topography, astronomy, and is necessary to surveyors, civil engineers, guides, navigators, generals, travelers, explorers, landscape painters, etc. 1 >fficiency : Poor memory of places. To Cultivate: To cultivate you should travel more and stay at home less. When traveling, notice as you go along all the ob- jects by the way, the landmarks, turns in the road, the points of the compass, etc., and charge your memory with them. Study geography by maps and traveling. To Restrain : A too strong disposition to rove, or a restless desire for a continual change of place must be met by the culti- vation of Continuity and Firmness, and a resolute determination to settle down and establish a permanent home. XXXIV. EVENTUALITY. Definition : The historical faculty ; memory of facts and events, recollection of circumstances, news, occurrences, his- torical, scientific, and passing events ; whatever has been seen, heard, read, or in any way known. It takes cognizance of phenomena, events, actions and movements generally. It is the foundation of the talent for relating events, narratives and anec- dotes. This faculty is the mind's storehouse, in which is gar- nered whatsoever is gathered by the other intellectual faculties, particularly the perceptive faculties. THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 57 Deficiency : Poor memory of events. Excess and Perversion : Excessive reading and crowding the memory with things that are of no practical use. To Cultivate : Read history, newspapers, study mythology, and never fail to charge the memory with the events and occur- rences related ; make it a point to relate anecdotes on all suitable occasions. Some people imagine that it is impossible to improve the memory ; this is a mistake. The poorest memory can be very improved, but there is no royal road to accomplish this end. The two main things to be observed in memory training are : i, Attention ; 2, Repetition. Pay close attention to. the subject to be remembered, concentrate your mind upon it, will to remember it and to make sure that you will not forget it, repeat it again and again until the subject is firmly imprinted on your mind. The whole philosophy of memory training is this : Whatever is thoroughly impressed upon the mind, whether it be consciously or unconsciously cannot be easily forgotten. If smoking, drink- ing and other bad habits,or ill-health are the cause of poor memory, these causes will have to be removed before anything can be done to materially improve the memory. XXXV. TIME. Definition : The chronological faculty. The office of this faculty is to recognize the passage of time or duration. It also gives the ability to keep time in music and dancing, helps the memory with dates, and perceives those minute divisions and harmonious relations which constitute rhythm. Deficiency : Inability to remember dates and keep time. Excess and Perversion : Undue particularity in matters relating to time. To Cultivate : You should cultivate clock-like regularity in all your habits — as in rising, retiring, taking meals, etc. Appro- priate particular time to particular things, and deviate from that time as seldom as possible. You can also promote the activity of TEE PHYSIOGNOMICAL 11E0ISTEK. this faculty by the practice of music, dancing, and other rhyth- mic exercises. * XXXVI. TUNE. Definition : Perceives sound and its variations of pitch, kind, and quality. The faculty of Tune gives perception of melody, the harmony of sounds, and the ability to learn and remember tunes ; other faculties are required to compose. Tune is only one ingredient in a genius for music. Time is requisite to give a just perception for intervals ; Ideality to communicate elevation and refinement ; and Secretiveness and Imitativeness produce expres- sion ; while Constructiveness, Size, Locality, Weight, and Obser- vation are necessary to supply mechanical expertness — qualities all indispensable to a successful performer. Deficiency: Inability to distinguish or appreciate music. Excess and Perversion : Disposition to sing, whistle or play at improper times or places. Cultivate : Singing, and the practice of vocal and instru- mental music, attending concerts, and the constant effort to appre- ciate music, will lead to an increased activity and consequent development of the faculty of Tune. XXXVII. LANGUAGE. Definition : Memory of words and the perception and memory of sounds, power of expressing thoughts and feeling by means of speech. It is the foundation of the talent for acquiring languages, and also of writing and speaking, but it requires other qualities to make a linguist, writer or speaker. When it is strong and active it gives great fluency in the use of language, readiness in expressing every shade of thought, ease and gracefulness to expression. If very marked, with only moderate general intellect, it gives great redundancy and verbosity of language, with few ideas, and sometimes no ideas at all. It does not always make great talkers, but always gives a free, easy, graceful use of language, and a readiness in learning language ; weak language THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 59 finds difficulty in expressing its thoughts, staggers and stammers at words, makes bad selection of words, and often fails in express- ing the true idea. Language remembers and makes use of words, but does not learn their meaning, in fact it learns and remembers words regardless of meaning ; to understand the meaning of words depends upon other faculties. Deficiency: Lack of verbal expression. Excess and Perversion : Verbosity, garrulity, excessive talk- ativeness. To Cultivate: You should talk and write as fully and as eloquently as you can, telling what you have seen, heard, read, or done. In speaking, you should, when possible, change clauses with a view to improving your sentences ; in writing, erase unnecessary and improper words, and choose the very words ex- actly expressive of the desired meaning. Throw feeling and ex- pression into all you say — into action and expression of counten- ance. Study languages and the classics, but especially fluency in your mother tongue. Attend debating societies, and anything and everything that will help to discipline and exercise this faculty. To Restrain : When Language is very marked and active, and verbosity, garrulity, and circumlocution result, you should make a determined and systematic effort to check this tendency, by a severe lopping off of redundancies in writing, and a constant watchfulness over yourself while speaking. XXXVIII. INTUITION. (Human Nature.) Definition : Intuitive perception of the character and other qualities of individuals. Deficiency : Inability to read character intuitively. Excess and Perversion : Offensive criticism of character, sus- piciousness. To Cultivate : Make human nature a study, using Physiog- 60 THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. nomy and Phrenology as guide's in its prosecution, observe every one you meet, and note the expression, tones of voice and-actions* and try to read them as you would a book. To Restrain : If too suspicious by reason of over active Cautiousness, and perverted Intuition, you must cultivate Hope, Benevolence and Conscientiousness, and try to take a kinder, more lenient, cheerful and just view of your fellow-men. Note. Mr. L. N. Fowler claims to have discovered the " organ of Human Nature " (here termed Intuition), although a careful search of phrenological literature shows that both Dr. J. R. Buchanan and Mr. Stanley J. Grimes preceded Mr. Fowler in con- necting this faculty with the region of the brain, allot- ted by the latter to " Human Nature." In my opinion, there is little or no evidence to support the claim that a special organ or centre has been discovered (or even exists) as the seat of the faculty or mental condition termed Human Nature or Intuition. There is no doubt that considerable height and breadth of the head at the point cor- responding with the location assigned to Human Nature is usually accompanied by interest in and a desire to acquire a knowledge of human nature, but this is attributable to the faculties of Bene- volence and Imitativeness, acting in combination with the reflec tive faculties. According to my experience those individuals who manifest the characteristics attributed to Human Nature or Intuition in a high degree, show a fine quality of brain, great sensitiveness to mental and physical conditions, favorable tempera- mental conditions, large perceptives and a good development of the forehead on the median line from the root of the nose to and including the cerebro-psychic centres of Observation, Eventuality, and Comparison. GENUS II — REFLECTIVE FACULTIES. These faculties impart to the human mind an intellectual power of a higher order than that given by the perceptive faculties. They enable a man to think and reason, to percerve abstract and THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 61 metaphysical relations, and the connection between cause and effect. Strongly marked perceptive and moderate reflective faculties give great attention to external things; great practicality and love of details, remarkable power to pick up knowledge from observation, and great educability, but only a moderate share of reflective or speculative sagacity. Powerful reflective and moderate perceptive faculties give the Socratic, or Baconian style of intellect — all speculation with but little practicality or atten- tion to practical details. A proportionate state of these two classes of powers give a fair average of both perceptive and reflective com- prehension, and is the most favorable. XXXIX. COMPARISON. Definition : The analyzing, criticising, illustrating, classifying and comparing faculty; faculty of inductive reasoning. This is the faculty of comparing things and ideas, assorting them and distinguishing the like from the unlike ; it perceives differences and resemblances, analogies and contrasts. It gives tli3 talent for classification in science and for illustrating by comparison in speech and in literature. It gives birth to allegories, parables, metaphors, and other figures of speech. Deficiency : Inability to reason by analogy and comparison. Excess and Perversion : False conclusions founded on im- aginery resemblances; satirical or infelicitous comparisons; ex- cessive criticism. To Cultivate : Studying logic, mental philosophy, chemistry, botany, etc., or the constant exercise of one's analytical powers in any branch of study or business, may be made subservient to the development of this faculty. XL. CAUSALITY. Definition : The cause-seeking faculty ; power of perceiving and applying the principles of causation ; ability to discover, and trace out, the connection and relations existing between causes 62 THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL HEGISTEH. and effects ; to plan and adapt means to ends; to draw conclu- sions from given premises; to reason from the known to the un- known; desire to know the why and wherefore of things and to investigate their laws. Tracing things and events back, step by step, to their origin and forward to their consequences. When strongly marked in children, it causes them to ask a thousand questions — questions which would oftentimes puzzle a philosopher to answer. Causality is dependent for facts upon the perceptives, and if these are weak, this faculty arrives at erroneous conclusions. Deficiency : Weakness of judgment ; inability to plan and reason. Excess and Perversion : Too much theorizing and impractical philosophy. To Cultivate: Study philosophy in all its branches, endeavor to think of the best ways and means of overcoming difficulties and bringing about results. Give yourself up to the influx of new ideas, meditate on the laws of nature, and try to trace out the„con- nection between observed phenomena and their causes. To Restrain: Pivert the mind by strict attention to practical affairs, cultivating the perceptives. Become less theoretical and more practical. THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 63 EXPLANATION OF THE TABLES USED IN THIS REGISTER. The scale for marking the relative strength and activity of the different conditions of the body and signs of the faculties of the mind in the tables of this register is from i to 5 ; 1 denoting the minimum, 5 the maximum of power, 3 standing for par. The scale may also be expressed in the following terms : 1. Denoting small or weak, indicative of decided deficiency or lack of power. 2. Denoting moderate, being more powerful than 1 but still below par. 3. Denoting average (par), wields a fair but not a powerful influence. 4. Denoting full, manifests a good degree of power. 5. Large, proclaims a powerful function. As is perfectly natural, the conditions marked large, control and govern those marked below par, and thus largely determine the natural character of the individual, the conditions marked at and below par, exercise however, a modifying influence on the more strongly marked conditions. Opposite the name of each faculty or quality taken into account, and in the column indicating its relative power, the examiner will place a figure, or preferably a dot or dash, to indicate the subject's indications regarding that quality of body or mind. For a more graphic illustration of the evenness or lack of same of the mental and physical make-up of the subject, a continuous line may be traced from dot to dot or dash to dash, on the same plan as the temperature charts as marked by physicians or the anthro- pometric charts used in gymnasiums. The printed figures in the squares of the first column of the various tables indicate the pages of the book on which will be found a complete definition and description of the faculties and 64 THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. other conditions considered ; the same holds true of the printed figures in the squares oi the columns headed " Cultivate^nd Re- straifH" Faculties and other conditions requiring cultivation and restraint will be found underlined, and by turning to the page of the 'hook designated by the underlined figures, the individual for whom this register is marked will find explicit advice as to the cultivation and restraint of the faculties and other conditions requiring regulation. When a faculty or other condition is to be cultivated it is best for the individual not to read the advice under the caption, To Restrain, but to confine himself to carefully read, reflect and act upon the advice given under the head " To Culti- vate: " likewise if a faculty or other condition is marked To Res- train^ ignore — do not read the advice under the head "To Cultivate." When a faculty or other organic condition is marked ? instead of a dot or dash, it signifies that the examiner is in doubt as to the relative power of that quality or condition. The person for whom this register is marked should keep in mind that evenness in mental and physical development and not high marks is the desideratum, at the same time it is perfectly true that we cannot have too much of any quality, whether of body or mind, whether animal or spiritual, if these qualities are properly balanced; but highly marked qualities, if not properly balanced, almost always lead to perversion and abuse. It cannot be stated too plainly nor too often that all that the marks of the various tables of this register show, is the relative power of the various conditions, both mental and physical^ of tlie person examined, and should never be directly compared with the markings of a register of another individual and con- elusions drawn from the same. To illustrate : An examiner marking registers for two different individuals may mark both 5 in Cautiousness, and yet these indi- viduals may differ very materially as to the strength of that feeling; a direct comparison of the two registers, as regards that faculty or sign of faculty, would be unsatisfactory, but a little reflection THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 65 and study will show that, while both parties are marked 5 in Cautiousness, one is marked higher in the signs of the faculties of Destructiveness, Combativeness, Firmness, Self-Esteem, or other faculties which modify the effect of powerful Cautiousness. Another illustration : Two registers may show the signs of the faculties of Comparison and Causality marked 5, but the indi- viduals for whom these registers are marked may differ a great deal in their power to reason, etc. ; an examination of all the conditions necessary to reason soundly will show that one in- dividual possesses inferior perceptive faculties, or a poor quality of brain, while the other will show supeiior observing faculties or a superior quality of brain. This matter of combinations can only be hinted at in a work of this kind. The reader is referred to the larger works recom- mended in the advertising pages of this register to obtain a more complete knowledge of this important subject. People ignorant of the principles of Physiognomy sometimes blame examiners for ascribing qualities to persons examined which they have never mani- fested ; a knowledge of the modifying influence of other faculties and physiological conditions would readily enable them to see that the examiner is in reality correct. Thus the signs of the mental quali- ties necessary for memorizing events or for musical talent may be strongly marked, but abnormal physical conditions, bad habits or a poor quality of brain, or a sluggish temperament may have prevented or retarded the development of the talents mentioned. Then again, an examiner frequently ascribes to a consultant talents or other mental characteristics which the latter never manifested on account of lack of opportunity or ignorance of his natural endowments, and it is one of the objects of an examina- tion to show the native power of dormant as well as active mental powers. For additional information on the subject of Phrenology and Physiognomy as presented in this work, the reader is requested to carefully peruse the article entitled The Physiognomical Register on page 3. 66 THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL KEGISTEli. v^F~ For a f vill explanation of the tables of this work the reader is referred to page 63 GENERAL CONDITIONS Page of Book Oulti vate 1 Weak or Poor 2 Mod- erate 3 Fair or par 4 Good or strong 5 Very Good Re- strain L. Size of Brain- . 12 Balance 2. between brain and body. . . 13 i Quality or Texture . . • 13 4. Culture 14 Health or 9m Vital Vigor. 14 14 6. Vital Tenacity Temperamental Conditions . . 15 , Osseous System 17 17 17 2 Muscular System 17 17 17 ., Abdominal System 18 18 18 j Thoracic System 18 19 19 19 Cephalic System. . . 20 20 THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 67 PHYSICAL INDICATIONS OF THE HEAD, FACE AND TEMPERAMENT. Culti- vate 1 Poor 2 Mod- erate 3 Fair 4 Good 5 Very Good 2. Circulatory Power q "THcrpsjtivp Powpr • f\ ¥prvnn«! Svstjpm 7. Class of diseases most liable to : 8. General Health Advice : 68 FOR A FULL EXPLANATION < 3F THE TABLES Names o( Faculties or Powers Page of Boqk Culti- vate 1 2 3 or par 4 5 Ke ~ istrain 1. Alimentiveness 22 22 22 2. Vivativeness, 22 22 23 ., Destructive- ness .... 23 23 23 Combative- ness 24 24 25 5. Secretiveness 25 26 j 26 6. Cautiousness 27 27 |.27 : Acquisit- iveness 28 28 29 g Construct- iveness 29 30 30 9. Ideality 30 30 30 10. Sublimity . • • 31 31 11. Mirthfulness. 31 32 32 12. Amativeness . 32 32 33 .o Philoprogen- itiveness. . 33 34 , | 34 14. Adhesiveness 34 35 35 15. A Inhabitive- ness 36 36 36 Continuitiva- 15. B ness 36 37 38 16. Self-Esteem . 38 38 40 ,- Approbative- ness 40 40 41 18. Firmness 41 42 42 , r) Conscientious- ness 43 43 - 44 20. Hopefulness. 44 44 45 - THE READER IS REFERRED TO PAGE 63 69 Names of Faculties or Powers Page of Book Culti- vate , 1 2 3 or par 4 5 Re- strain 46 47 21. Veneration . . 45 46 2« Credencive- ness 47 47 23. Benevolence . 47 48 48 24. Imitativeness 48 49 50 25. Suavitiveness 50 50 26. Observation . 51 51 52 27. Form 52 52 28. Size 53 53 29. Weight 53 54 30. Color 54 54 31. Order 54 54 55 32. Calculation.. 55 55 33. Locality 56 56 56 34. Eventuality . 56 57 35. Time 57 57 36. Tune 58 58 37. Language . ... 58 59 59 38. Intuition 59 59 60 39. Comparison . 61 61 40. Causality 61 62 62 70 THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. SPECIAL Physiognomical Indications. 2^=" Note : — The various features ennumerated below are only to be marked, when the signs of character indicated thereby, are strongly marked. 1. Eyes 2. Eyebrows 3. Nose 4. Mouth 5. Chin 6. Jaws 7. Cheeks 8. Ears 9. Neck 10. General Expression THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. BUSINESS ADAPTATION. 71 According to the indications of your head, face and temperament you will succeed in any of the pursuits underlined in this table, or pursuits requiring mental and physical qualities similar to those underlined ; you will be all the more successful, if you have a strong liking for the occupation indicated and bring all the power of your mental faculties to bear upon it, not forgetting to successfully cultivate or restrain those mental or physical qualities marked to that effect in the different tables. Accountant Actor Amanuensis Administrator Anatomist Appraiser Assessor Architect Assayer Astronomer Auctioneer Author Baker Banker Barber Blacksmith Botanist Bookbinder Bookkeeper Brewer Broker Builder Butcher Butler Captain Cabinet Maker Carpenter Carriage Builder Cashier Chemist Clergyman Collector Commercial Traveller Compositor Conductor Correspondent Conveyancer Cooper Confectioner Contractor Cook Critic of Art or Books Dairyman Decorator Dentist Designer Detective Draftsman Dramatist Dressmaker Druggist Editor Electrician Elocutionist Engineer, Civil " Mechanical Engraver Explorer Express Business Farmer Florist Finisher Financier Fisherman Gardner Geologist Gasfltter Glassblower Governess Gunsmith Harness maker Hatter n THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. BUSINESS ADAPTATION— Continued. Historian Housekeeper II ot el keeper Importer Inventor Inspector Insurance Agent Janitor Jeweler Judge Lawyer, Patent Court Work '• Office Work Lecturer Librarian Linguist Lithographer Livery Keeper Locksmith Lumberman Manager Manufacturer Mathematician Matron Machinist Mason Merchant Wholesale Retail Dry and Fancy Goods Live Stock Grain, Groceries or Provisions Coal and Lumber Commission Hardware Books and Stationery Pictures Clothing Furniture Sporting Goods Miller Milliner Missionary Miner Mineralogist Musician, Instrumental Vocal Moulder Navigator Naval Orator Overseer Painter, House kt Scenic Sign " Landscape Portrait Paperhanger Policeman Penmanj Photographer Photo-Engraver Physiognomist Physician Poet Politican Prest. of Corporation Promoter Pawnbroker Patternmaker Plumber Railroad Business Real Estate Reporter Restaurant Sailor Salesman, Wholesale Retail Sculptor Secretary Stained Glass Worker Stonecutter Seamstress Shipping Clerk Shoemaker Soldier Speculator Statesman Stenographer Steward Stockraiser Supt. Public Works " of Men Supervisor Surgeon Telegrapher Tailor Tanner Teacher Teamster Tinsmith Traveller Turner Typewriter Undertaker Upholsterer Waiter Watchmaker Watchman THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 73 ADAPTATION IN MARRIAGE. The subject of mental and physical adaptation between a man and woman contemplating matrimony is a matter of the greatest importance, it riot only concerns the couple in question, but un- born generations as well. No one who has studied this question in the light which Phrenology, Physiognomy and Physiology throw upon it, will question for a moment that a competent phrenologist and physiognomist can give invaluable and practical advice in the matter in question, but in order to receive the full benefit of the application of physiognomical science to marriage adaptation, the young man or young woman should not wait until they "fall in love," as it is called, as when that stage has been reached very few young people are disposed to obey the dictates of philosophy and physiology, even in case of absolute mental and physical ill-adaptation. The proper time to derive the greatest bene- fit from the application of physiognomical principles is for every young man and woman to have a physiognomical reading before they have formed an attachment and find out what mental and physi- cal qualities they should look for in a partner for life and the reasons for same, they should then endeavor to woo and win a companion possessing the mental and physical attributes recommended by the examiner. To make doubly sure and to prevent mutual as well as self-deception, regarding character, etc., so common in ordr nary courtships, it is advisable that a young couple contemplat- ing marriage should have another physiognomical reading. Such a reading will not only determine their adaptation, but it will 'reveal each other's real mental characteristics as well. For marriage adaptation tables see pages 74-5. 7-J THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. EXPLANATION OF THE MARRIAGE ADAPTATION TABLES. The person for whom this register is marked should choose a companion 'having the mental and physical qualities indicated by the markings of the tables. If this is impractical or for good reasons impossible, one ap- proaching it as much as possible should be chosen. Conditions not marked may be considered immaterial, and the subject for whom these tables are marked may allow his own tastes to guide him or her in that particular. A. PHYSICAL ADAPTATION. SCALE USED, 1 TO 3. Height Short. Medium. Tall. Build Slender. Medium. Plump. Bony System Moderate . Medium. (for description of this system see page 17) Strong. Muscular System (page 17) Moderate. Medium. Strong. Thoracic System (page 18) Moderate. Medium. Strong. Abdominal System (page 18) . . Moderate. Medium. Strong. Brain System (page 19) Moderate. Medium. Strong Neck Short and Thick. Medium. Long and Slender. Features Sharp. Medium Fullness. Round. — . , SPECIAL SUGGESTIONS THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 75 B. MENTAL ADAPTATION. SCALE USED, 1 TO 3, Weak. Average. Strong. " i ; t< « i i c< Energy of character - t i a •• ii i i " << | ti " ii . i f 1 ii u a Splf-Esteem ii ii ii Regard for praise and public opinion n « ii a {« t i Splf-Control (< a tt " a a u 1 i t< " i i (C t i c< a OfosfirvinP' nowftvs tt ii i< a ■ i i " 1 SPECIAL SUGGESTIONS: ;r> THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. MEMORANDA: (For recording measurements of the head and face, making special re- marks on particular conditions indicated by the mental or physical , organization of the subject. This and the tallowing pages may also be utilized for a brief written description of character. THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. MEMORANDA : riiK nirsioG.xoMKAi. i;E<;isrEn, MEMORANDA : THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. 79 MEMORANDA : 80 THE PHYSIOGNOMICAL REGISTER. "Know ^ Virtuous and vicious every man must be. Few in the extreme, but all in the degree ; The rogue and fool by tits is fair and wise ; And even the best, by fits, what they despise. 'Tis but by parts we follow good or ill : For, vice or virtue, self directs it still. — Alexander Pope. J. A. DENKINGER, fl. D., Practical Scientific Physiognomist. Oral, Printed and Written Delineations of the Hental and Physical Indications of the Head, Face and Temperament. AN EXAMINATION INCLUDES a Correct and Reliable Description of your Char- acter. Disposition and Talents ; your Defects, and how to overcome the Same ; Your Liabilities to Disease and how to prevent the latter ; the Trade, Business or Profession you are best fitted for : it will also h«lp you to select a suitable Wife or Husband. Delineation of Character, and Advice Given in Reference to >l arriage, from Photographs. Practical Instruction in the Art of Reading Character by the Head and Face. Illustrated Talks and Lectures on Phrenology and Physiognomy. No extra charges made for examinations of parties or single individuals at their residence. As my professional labors entail considerable absence from my office, it is best to arrange for examinations at my office or residence by appointment, FEES FOR EXAMINATIONS : Oral examinations $1.00 ; with printed register, [paper cover] $2.00. [cloth bound] $2.00. For a written synopsis of character #1.00 «xtra: Typewritten analysis including oral examination and printed register, $5.00 and f 10.00 according to details desired. J. A. DENKINGER, fl. D., 5 Holyoke St., Boston, Mass. FOR SALE AND EXCHANCE. A limited supply of the works of the earlier phrenological and physiognomical authors (now all out of print), including the works of Drs. Gail, hpurzheim, Vimont, Broussais. Andrew Combe, Kllioison, Browne and Buchanan ; also the works of Geo. Combe, Grimes, Morgan, Bridges, Scheve, Struve, Castle, Noel, Schmidt, (the last five authors in German only.) Also Authentic A lithographs and A lithograph Letters of DK8. GALL and SPURZHKIM. ISuHt* and Portraits of Eminent Men and Women, Criminals, etc. Animal and Human Skulls. Phrenological and Physiognomical Diagrams. Address, Stating what is wanted ami 1 will send description and price. J. A. DENKINGER, M. D., Boston, Mass. %. LIST OF COMMENDABLE WORKS 4 ON PHYSIOGNOHY AND PHRENOLOGY ESSAYS ON PHYSIOGNOMY. By John Caspar Lavatku. 8 vo- 507 pp., 400 illustrations. . . Cloth, price $L00 PHYSIOGNOMY ILLUSTRATED. By Josepii Simmms. M. D octavo, 000 pp., 300 illustrations. . . Cloth, price $2.00 PRACTICAL AND SCIENTIFIC PHYSIOGNOMY. By Mary Olm- stead Stanton. 2 volumes, royal octavo of over 000 pp. each 380 illustrations. . . . Price, for the two volumes, $10.00 NEW PHYSIOGNOMY. By S. R. Wells. 8 vo.,708 pp., 1055 illus- trations. . . . Cloth, price $5.00 SYSTEM OF PHRENOLOGY. By Geo. Combe. 12 mo,, 516 pp., 100 illustrations. ■ . . Cloth, price $1.25 BI^AIN AND MIND. By H. S v . Drayton, M.D. 12 mo., 354 pp., 124 illustrations. ..... Price, $1.50 HEADS AND FACES. By Nelson Stzer and H. S. Drayton, M.D. 8vo.,200pp. . . Price, paper 40c. cloth $1.00 HOW TO STUDY STRANGERS ; By Temperament, Face, and Head. By Nelson Sizer. 8 vo. , 305 pages, with over 300 illustrations. Price, cloth $1.50 THE SCIENCE OF THE MIND APPLIED TO TEACHING. By U. J. Hoffman. 8 vo., 379 pp., 55 illus. Price, cloth $1.50 HUMAN SCIENCE. By O. S. Fowler. 8 vo., 1211 pp., 214 illustra- tions. . . . . Price, cloth $3.00 CREATIVE AND SEXUAL SCIENCE. By O. S. Fowler. 8 vo., 1065 pages, 211 illustrations. . . Price, cloth $3.00 A VINDICATION OF PHRENOLOGY. By W. Mattieu Williams. 8 vo. , 428 pages, 43, illustrations. . . Price, $5.00 Any of the above books will be sent by mail, post paid, on receipt of price. Address, J A. DENKINGER, M. D., Boston. Mass. BOSTON INSTITUTE OF PHYSIOGNOMY — FOR THE PRACTICAL INSTRUCTION IN THE ART OF READING CHARACTER. Move hnpdtnnt, beneficial, interesting and entertaining .ban flea*.* French or German. Greek or Latin or any other language is the ART OF READING HEADS AND FACES. Every person, no matter what his or her bnsiness, trade or , rofession, ENC1> P ri.ould know and no doubt *o.,ld like to know HOW TO READ THE LANGUAGE OF THE HEAD AND FACE. The Boston Institute of Physiognomy offe-s unsurpassed facilities for teaching this important and fascinating art. This school is taugh by 1 of tie best vested practical Physiognomists in America, » supphed TL ample apparatus for the practical demonstration of the sublets taught, consisting of hundreds of phrenological, physiognom^l phys- ical and pathological drawings, diagrams, portraits, busts, skulls, to The library of the Institute, containing every work on the subject of Ihrenology and physiognomy, in the English, German and French 1 ngl- "ever published, is free for consultation to all students. Every ^dent is practically trained *, Beaa Heats ana Wi^** lnstr „ction at this institute is of particular mterest and hem fit o Teachers, Physicians, Lawyers, Salesmen, Clergymen and all those who* business requires a special knowledge of human nature Lessons are given privately or in classes. For addmonat nrformataon and terms, apply to , ^ DENKINGE R, M. D , Boston, Mass.