Class. Book. £^y^^g ff^ ^■j SMITHSONIAN DEPOSIT .1 PRICE TEN CENTS. ® CHRONICLES 'W J I I; THE REBELLION 1861 FORMING A Complete liistoviT of tbe Setessioii ||Iobement § 'i\ FROM ITS COMMENCEMENT. »| MUSTER ROLL OF THE UNION ARMY, |l TO WHff'H AKK ADDKIJ THE EXPf.ANATORY AND ILLUSTRATIVE NOTES OF THE LEADINO FEATTTRRS OF THE CAMPAK^N. n BY CHARLES J. ROSS. SOLD BY ALL BOOKSELLERS AND NEWSDEALERS. , >-. FRANK McELBOY, PRINTER. 113 NASSAU STREET. ^/^^^iM"^^"^^ ^y"^- [\ ft,r COPYRIGHT SECURED ACCORDING TO ACT OF CONGRESS. tC^O, ^'m 1 BY AN EXPERIENCED COMMERCIAL EDITOR. CANTON TEA WAREH0USE^^60 GREENWICH ST. of the truth of this statement, but a proof of the Wares ^^^^^f^^^^ ^^Jj^Thomas K^ As^d^^^^^^^ ^^ ^^.^^^ raent, as noted above, fully conv nce^d us ot our error. ;^« ^.fj; "^^^.^^ '" L^^^e thiv can not be under-quotea who would desire to'economise should not fail to patronize the CAISTOTS TEA WAREHOUSE, 260 GREENWIC^H ST. " ACCOUTnEMENTS FOn OtltWUVENlUE SOIDIERS ! STRASBUEGER & NUHN, J5 MAIDEN LANE. Loyalty to the Stars and Stripes i-o. the order of the day J^Mldren^^^ hence the streets of thi« great city are daily P^'-^'^^" f,f .^yJ^*^l°,^,on DavU^s le^ a specimen of their the several Regiments of Volunteers .N-ho have gone lorth *° gy^^/f "4°°.^ '' the Union >Iust and Shall he military capacity, their courage and their darnjg, and to et^em t>^f ,^;^°^, ^.,„ts something Maintained." But although the .luven.le would-be soldier has °°^*^°^t^^"' phraseology; " Accoutrements." ' more in order to befully equipped: these ^\^ ^^^'^'^''^^^^l ]l,^^^^^^^^ are to be Having examined the various estabhshmentR n ^J^^ city where J"\^enue M y heading. There had, we have no hesitation in recommend.ng «l?at "f "le '"^J^^^^^^^^r The musket and bayonet fashioned can be had the "army sword," with all its trapping, p am and onam^^^^^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^^^ ^ ^„ according to the most approved rifle bore or latest KnI eld paltM^^^ constantly on sale. hours' rations, and knapsacks, furnished in al ,\'f !J^« ^J"^ °'i%^,^,V "arJ^^^^^^ in. a°d by its tap the Another necessary appendage is tlie drum ; ^> 't«,^°j' ';°;,J?'\°^^^ style and variety. In a word, science of marching is acquired. Then, ag^.n,the tiny bugle is to be had m eve y y ^^^^^^^ ^^^.^..^^ ^^,^^ there is not a single article which the youthful "son ot mars 3'^^^°^;^^^ P, ■ ,i confidence that the is not to be had at this establishment. The ^1^=^^^= ,^^„f ,';''/, ^?^",'i^iterof^ both at home and articles are of the best quality, whilst the «f «"^°* ^^^j* *^j;'' . ce, of the dav. The house of Messrs. be politely received and their orders^Ued wfth proimp^ss and despatch. PastimeTn the Camp and the Social Circle. A. DOUGHERTY, 26 Beekman Street. .. A„ work and no play make, ^aci^Idull boy^'; J^^^ ^^tlf^ill^o^ '^^anrl!^ ^^n i^vLd^^! The mind as well as the body requires «'a,^ation . const quenty v.iuou pi^yiDg. In the camp, it l^ an object so desirable. Among the ^^^ plans of amusement^ hat of cant^^, ^y^ g^^^ ^^.^^^ ,^, the favorite pastime after the dut.e., of th« ^-^f^ ''»7^_\Y°^ft'h a "^ packs of the best playing cards. H- Volunteer attends to before his march is to sniq.ly ^imseU witu a 'ew t .^ ^^ tedious. Hence knows that they will wile away «any an hour .vhich wou^ i„ th;s countr- the enquiry "Where can Iget the tc^and ', and the enforcement of the laATS. They further resolved, " That, as representatives of the Constitutional }nen of the country, in National Convention assembled, we hereby pledge ourselves to maintain, protect, and defend, separately and unitedly, those great principles of public liberty and national safety against all enemies at home and abroad." In principles such as these every man could unite. Subsequent events showed that had Bell and Everett been placed in office the rebellion of 18G1, if not alto- gether averted, would have been for a series of years postponed. CHAPTER II. THE SAME SUBJECT CONTINUED. Having glanced at the political doc- trines enumerated in the " platforms" of the conventions of all the leading po- litical parties, from 1840 to 18GU, we proceed to notice the opinions and prin- ciples put forth in the letters and speeches of the more prominent candidates for the offices of President and Vice-President. The first to which we would call atten- tion are the sentiments of the Hon. Daniel Webster. In the United States Senate in August, 1848, he thus expressed himself, in speaking on the bill to or- ganize the territory of Oregon, with a clause prohibiting slavery : " The ques- tion now is, whether it is competent to Congress, in the exercise of a fair and just discretion, to say that there have I eeu five slaveholding States— Louisiana, CHRONICLES OF THE REBELLION OF 1861. Florida, Arkansas, Missouri, and Texas — added to the Union out of foreign ac- quisitions, and as j^et only one free State ; whether, under this state of things, it is unreasonable and unjust, in the slightest degree, to limit their further extension. As to the power of Congress, I have nothing to add to what I said the other day. I have said that I shall not consent to the extension of slavery on this con- tinent, nor any increase of slave repre- sentation in the other house of Congress."' Ten years ])efore this, !Mr. Millard Fill- more, in his BulFalo Letter, as it is termed, in reply to an inquiry by the Anti-Slavery Committee of the county of Erie, stated that he was of opinion that petitions to Congress, on the subject of slavery and the slave trade, ought to be received, read, and respectfully con- sidered by the representatives of the people ; that he was opposed to the an- nexation of Texas, under any circum- stance, so long as slaves were held there- in. He also stated that he was in favor of immediate legislation for the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia. This same gentleman, nearly twenty years later — 185G — foresaw what was about to happen to this country ; for wc find him speaking in very severe terms of censure of a political party presenting candi- dates for the Presidency and Vice-Pre- sidency, selected from the free States alone, with the avowed purpose of elect- ing these candidates by sufferance of one part of the Union only, to rule over the Avhole of the United States. Conduct such as this, Mr. Fillmore predicted, would bring about cival war, and time has led to the realization of his unpleasant anticipations. But to come down to the period imme- diately preceding the secession of the Southern States, we find Mr. Lincoln, in accepting the nomination for President, agreeing to all the principles put forth by the Chicago platform. H e furthermore pledged himself to respect the rights of all the States and territories, and people of the nation, to the inviolability of the Constitution, and the perpetual union, harmony, and prosperity of all. The opponents of Mr. Lincoln, particularly those residing in the Southern States, have accused him of endorsing the work of Helper, entitled the "Irrepressible Conflict." Let us examine more closely his views upon the subject of slavery. In the course of his address at the Cooper LTnion, on the 27th of February, 1860, he stated : " Human action can be modified to some extent, but human na- ture cannot be changed. There is a judgment and feeling against slavei-y in this nation, which cast at least a million and a half of votes."' Again. " An in- spection of the Constitution will show that the right of property in a slave is not dis- tinctly and expressly afiirmed in it. Bear in mind, the judges do not pledge their judicial opinion that such right is im- plicitly affirmed in the Constitution ; but they pledge their veracity that it is dis- tinctly and expressly afiirmed there, that is, not mingled with anything else — 'ex- pressly,' that is, in words just meaning that, without the aid of any inference, and susceptible of no other meaning."' There is a good deal of special pleading in all this, but toward the close of his address he expressed principles and sen- timents of the most moderate character. " Even though," he said, " the Southern people will not so much as listen to us, let us calmly consider their demand and yield to them, if in our deliberate view of our duty we can possibly do so. Judg- ing by all they say and do, and by the subject and nature of their controversy Avith us, let us determine, if we can, wliat will satisfy them.'' In all this there is not a single word which could lead the South to anticipate any evil result from Mr. Lincoln's elevation to the White House. Nor was there anything offensive said towards the States which seceded in the Chicago platform, upon which his election was carried. It is true that the slavery question was condemned, but the language adopted was pretty much tlie same as was used by the Abolitionists twenty years before. Moreover, Mr. Lin- coln's inaugural address plainly showed that he was determined to administer the government without " favor, affection, or ill-will" to an}'^ one. How far he has performed that obligation of his office, every one acquainted with the passing events of the day can form a correct opinion. For ourselves, we consider he acted up to all his promises and pro- fessions with great exactitude, and not without success. Mr. Hamlin, the Vice- President, is of kindred feelings and sen- timents on all the great questions of the day. Nothing appears in the political records which would warrant the South to take umbrage at him as President of the Senate, and even the premier, Mr. 10 CHRONICLES OF THE EEBELLION OF 1861. Seward, has given evidence that much as he may dislike slavery, he is prepared to concede to the South all her just rights, and to allow her to manage her domestic concerns as interest and taste may dic- tate . Turning; from the Republican party we would next glance at the sentiments and expressions of the Democratic candi- dates. Mr. Breckenridge, in accepting the nomination, writes strongly in favor of slave property, and significantly hints that •• it has been necessary, more than once, to pause and solemnly assert the true character of this government." Gen. Lane, in his letter of acceptance, adopts as his creed — "Non-intervention on the subject of slavery, non-intervention by Congress, and non-intervention by terri- torial legislators-" contending that ''if the Constitution establishes the right of every citizen to enter the common terri- tory with whatever property he legally possesses, it necessarily devolves on the Federal Goverment to protect the right of the citizen whenever or wherever assailed or infringed." The General made some slight allusions to the beneficial efiect arising from the success of his party, as we might then expect an era of peace and harmony. Failing that, the inference is clear that the South had made up its mind to revolt from the United States. Senator Douglas, who has paid the gi'eat debt of nature, and whose loss the country at the present time so much deplores, in his letter of acceptation of nomination for the presidency, laid down the doctrine, that the peace of the country and the perpetuity of the Union had been put in jeopardy by attempts to interfere with and control the domestic afi"airs of the people in the territories, through the agency of the Federal Government. lie proclaimed himself an earnest and zeal- ous advocate for non-intervention, by Congress, with slavery in the territories. Notwithstanding his decided opinions, Mr. Douglas Avas a Uniou-loving man. The Constitutional Union candidates. Bell and Everett, were strongly in fitvor of the Union. The former ratted — proved him- self a political apostate, and sold him- self to the cause of disunion and treason. Jlr. Everett still clings to the Union, and is faithful to his political creed. Among the many able writers and speakers in defence of the Union, there are none who have so argumentatively and eloquently demonstrated that the course adopted by the South was illegal and immoral in the highest degree. From the time of holding the National Conventions in May and June, 18C0, un- til the day of election in the November following, the campaign was carried on with much spirit on both sides. The Pro- slavery party were loth to declare their intentions as to treason and rebellion, should Mr. Lincoln carry the day. The worst passions were exhibited during the contest, and every artifice was resorted to for the purpose of blackening the public character of the Republican candidates in the eyes of the citizens at large. It should be observed that the Southern States for several yCars had been in the habit of controling the government, and thereby obtaining the lion's share of the spoils of oSice. To lose these spoils, and to be shorn of their political prestige, combined with their fanciful anticipation of evil at the hands of a Republican govern- ment, almost drove them mad, and long before Mr. Lincoln's election was an ac- complished fact, the leaders of South Caro- lina made up their mind to take leave of the United States, and set up a govern- ment of their own. No promise nor as- severation, be it ever so serious, was of the least avail. The prosperity of the North was to them a great source of annoyance. They coveted a direct European trade, and out of a dissolution of the Union they believed they would realize this grand commercial benefit. We have now taken a brief review of the men and parties for the last thirty years, and from it perceived that the main element of agitation has been the slavery question ; and that some of our great- est men have decidedly opposed slavery extension, while others were restless in the agitation of measures designed to foster and perpetuate the "domestic in- stitution" of the South. We have also observed that, so long as the South could control the North in the Federal Gov- ernment of the country, their threats of secession were not heard, but instantly the Republican party got the upper hand, that moment they became restless and ungovernable. CHAPTER in. SOUTHERN TACTICS IN THE LATTER END OF 1860. Fro.m the tone adopted by the Southern leaders at the Charleston Convention, it CHRONICLES OF THE REBELLION OF 1861. 11 was evident that the election of a Repub- lican president would be merely the Ibre- runuer of secession. This was quite clear from the language adopted in the protests of the delegates of the several Southern States, as they withdrew from the conven- tion. A few extracts from some of tke addresses will prove our position. Mr. Glenn, of Mississippi, told the convention : " The South leaves you — not like Ilagar, driven into the wilderness, friendless and alone — but I tell Southern men here, and for them, I tell the North, that in less than sixty days you will find a united South standing side by side with us. Let me say to you, that the time may come wheu you will need us more than we need you. There slumbers in your midst a latent spark, not of political sectionalism, but of social discord, which may yet re- quire the conservative principles of the South to save your region of the country from anarchy and confusion. We need not your protection. The power of the Black Republicans is nothing to us. We are safe in our own strength and security, as long as we maintain our rights." The protest from the Texas delegates set forth that — " if the principles of the Northern Democracy are properly represented by the opinion and action of the majority of the delegates from that section on this floor, we do not hesitate to declare, that their principles are not only not ours, but. if adhered to and enforced by them, will destroy this Union." The Arkansas dele- gation was equally emphatic in its protest, alleging that the "violation of plighted faith on the part of the numerical major- ity — this violation of the well-established usage and custom of the party — drive us to the conclusion, that we cannot longer safely trust the fortunes of slaveholding States to the chances of the numerical majority, in a convention where all the Black Republicans of the Union — the im- mense populations of Massachusetts, New- York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio, and other Northern States — are fully represented on the one side, against the small popula- tions of the slave States on the other. Had these populations adhered strictly to the usages and customs of the party, longer association might have been prac- ticable; but annihilation is staring us in the face, and we are admonished of our duty to stand upon our rights." The en- tire of the Southern discontents drew up their protests in tone and sentiment pretty similar. All, more or less, threat- ened that if their opinion upon Demo- cratic doctrines and principles were not conceded, the Union was in danger. No sooner had it become a positive fact that Mr. Lincoln would be elected, than South Carolina set about calling a State Convention, for the purpose of throwing off its allegiance to the United States ; and mouths before the time for Mr. Lincoln assuming the responsibilities of office at the White House, the Seces- sion Ordinance was passed, and other States invited to follow the example set by South Carolina. The convention which drew up the Secession Ordinance of South Carolina also put forth a declaration of causes which induced their political ac- tion. Among other statements contained in this document we find the following : " We assert that fourteen of ihe States have deliberately refused for years past to fulfil their Constitutional obligations, and we refer to their own statutes for the proof" The matter to which allusion is here made is to the Fugitive Slave Law, and charges the several free States with de- siring to discharge fugitives from the ser- vice of labor claimed, inasmuch as in none of them had the State government complied with the stipulation in the Constitution.* Although the require- ments of the Constitution, with regard to fugitive slaves, are pretty plain, the wording of the fourth article is open to disputation and a variety of interpreta- tion. For example, the wording of the article endows the slave with personality, whereas the Slave Code as positively de- nies such a quality to slaves held to labor. In the foot-notes of Mr. W. Good- ell's " National Charters for the Million," there is an interesting argument against claims of slaveholders, with regard to the rendition of their fugive slaves. He says : " The history, as well as the words of this clause, forbids its application to fugitive slaves. Towards the close of the convention a proposal was made to insert a provision for reclaiming fugitive slaves. It was scouted by general approbation, and abandoned without^ defence. The next day this clause, concerning " per- * The fourth article of the Constitution runs in these worda : " No person held to service or labor in any State, under tlie laws thereof, escaping into another, sh.Tll, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered up, on claim of the party to whom such ser vice or labor may be due." v^ CHRONICLES OF THE REBELLION OF 1861, sons'' from whom service or labor may Ije due, was proposed and unanimously adopted, without debate. So that the indignant refusal of the convention to provide for the rendition of fugitive slaves is an established historical fact." Before going into a nai-rative of the subsequent acts of Jefferson Davis and his party, up to the evacuation of Fort Sumter, we pause to take a brief review of the ground already gone over, and especially to notice the singular political corruptions of the Democratic party dur- ing the administration of Mr. Buchanan. In the consideration of the facts brought out in the report of the Covode investi- gation, it Avill be borne in mind that the President of the United States, Mr. Bu- chanan, submitted to the House of Repre- sentatives a protest against the author- ity and right to take cognizance of the matters which the committee proposed to investigate. The fact of this step upon the part of Mr. Buchanan raised, in the minds of the Republican members of Congress, a strong opinion that all was not right, and that revelations of a startling and painful character would be brought to light. Evidently Mr. Buchanan assumed a false position in opposing the appointment of the Covode committee. Numl^ers of pre- cedents existed for its appointment, and exercise of all the powers of inquiry C(ui- ferred upon it. Commencing with Mr. Mason's motion, in 1826, for a committee to inquire into the expediency of diminish- ing or regulating the patronage of the executive of the United States, we come to Mr. Calhoun's committee in 1835, for a like purpose. Mr. Houston moved for and obtained a committee in the Senate, in August, 1852, for the investigation of political corruption in matters relating to Cone;ress, or the conduct of the execu- tive. The first part of the Covode inves- tigation was the conduct of Mr. Bu- chanan and his cabinet, on the Lecompton Constitution. The report of the Com- mittee thus speaks of that conduct : " The patriot will mourn, the historian will pause with astonishment over this shame- less record. Accustomed as the Amer- ican people are_ to the errors and crimes of those in power, they will read this ex- posure with feelings of unmingled indig- nation." The committee then proceed to summarize the fiicts revealed ])y the testimony. For the information of the reader, and in order to more clearly illus- trate the tactics of the Southern slave- owners, we shall append the committee's conviction, as given in the report.* This was a pretty extensive bill of in- dictment, but any one who peruses the evidence of the several witnesses exam- ined, will at once admit that the Covode committee had strong grounds for laying the sweeping charges which they did at Mr. Buchanan's door. The testimony of Governor "VYalker is very emphatic upon these points; for, taken in the most favorable light, what does it prove ? Simply this : that Mr. Buchanan and his cabinet had not only practised " duplicity and inconsistency, but treachery to him- self as a public officer, after ihey had im- plored him to accept a perilous and profitless position, and to a principle which they were the first to present to his favor."f What was the object of such reprehensible conduct ? Nothing less than a desire to make Kansas a slave State, and that too in defiance of the ex- pressed will of the people therein. But the abuses in some of the public offices throughout the country, showing, as they do, reprehensible and illegal combinations among the federal officers, with a view to control the sentiments and preferences of the people in their prin)ary political movemcn'is, and the corrupt employment of the public moneys, &c., in violation of law, and government regulation, to pro- mote the desigfus and intentions of the Pro-slavery partj"^, are not less remark- able, and worthy of universal condenma- tion. The employment of political par- tisans to situations in the public dejiart- ments of the country, at extravagant salaries, considering that many of them * First. The fcru).li.'\tic and unmistakable yledgcs of the President, as well before as aftfr his election, and the pledges of all his cabinet, to the docti'iue of leaving the people of Kansas perfectly free tu form and regulate their domestic inetitutions in tht-ir own way. Second. The deliberate violation of this pledge, and the att^-mpt to convert Kansas into a slave State, by means of forgeries, frauds, and force. 7'hird. The removal, and the attempt to disgrace the sworn agents of the adminietration, who refased to violate this pledge. Fmirth. The ojjen employment of the public money in the passage of the Lecompton and Engli.-h bills through the Congress of the United States. Fifth. The adrais.-ion of the parties engaged in the work of electioneering these schemes that they re- ceived enormous sums for this purpose, and proof in the check? upon which they were paid by an agent of the administration. Sixth. The offer to purchase newspapers and news- paper editor.-, by offers of extravagant sums of money. Seventh. And, finally, the proscription of Dem- ocrats of high standing, who would not support the Lecompton and English bills. t Covode Investigation, p. 1. CHRONICLES OF THE REBELLION OF 1861 13 were not called upon todiscbar^e scarcely any duties, is to be deprecated at any time, but when the system is adopted for the avowed object of promoting Pro-slavery interests, and stifling the expressed will of the majority of the people, the act becomes criminal in the hishest degree. No won- der that the free State party should have arisen ia their majesty in November, 1S60, and put an end to the reign of that Demo- cracy which had then assumed proportions of political wickedness so formidable that its further endurance was a matter ot com- plete impossibility. It is only fair to state, that there was what is termed a " minority report'" by the Covode Ckjmmittee. Mr. Buchanan had his interests and views represented thereon. The leader of that section of the Commit- tee was the Hon. Mr. Winslow. He acted more as a retained advocate for Mr. Bu- chanan than an independent member of the House of Representatives, deputed to enquire into the truth or falsehood of the charges brought against the Federal Ex- ecutive and his subordinates. Desiring, in the course of this work, to act upon the adage '' audi nUirem partem,'^ it will not be out of place to notice the propositions and opinions put forth by the " minority." The successful nisi pnus pleader never fails, when addressing a jury, to endeavor to throw "metaphysical dust" in their mental vision, and, with an unlimited li- cense, stigmatise the cause of his opposing counsel. If facts and iigures are against him, if his legal points are untenable, and his case is, what lawyers term desperate, his last resort is to indulge in forensic de- clamation in denouncing the prosecution or the defense, as the case may be, ignoble, unjust, and unmercitul. This would seem to be the part performed by Mr. Winslow. In the " minority report" he began by de- nouncing the character of the investiga- tion, as it covered so much ground, and opened such an illimitable field for the gra- tification of personal spleen and malignity. What motives more undignified and un- worthy could be imputed ? Afterwards most of the witnesses who gave testimony against the administration of Mr. Buchan- an were termed a " pack of slanderous jackals of society, who are ever barking at the heels of respectability, ank snuffing for their favorite repast — the offals of slander- ed repuiations. The coward sheltered un- der an anonymous signature could vent all his spleen and malignity without risk of discovery, and the course of the investiga- tion had stimulated informers, and encour- aged tale-bearers." Such was the spirit evinced by Mr. Winslow in the introduc- tion of his " minority report." Thus in- fluenced, his first object was to impeach the credibilty of the witnesses. He avered that most of the charges were founded upon *' anonymous communications, others upon information from per.sons destitute of char- acter and without position, displaced office- holders, disappointed office-seekers, venal placemen, adventurers — mercenary Swiss, whose politics were bounded by no loftier motive than interest." The charge re- specting the Lecompton Con.stituiion is noticed thus : "If such a charge were true, it might effect the character of the Presi- dent lor candor and fair dealing, but the offence" (forcing upon an unwilling pec pie a Constitution confining their suffrages to the naked question of slavery), " if im- proper in morals, is not impenetrable in law." Whether the expounders of Ameri- can Constitutional jurisprudence will agree with this opinion, shall not be here de- cided. Nevertheless, it has the appear- ance of novelty, and, if correct, would open the door effectually for the perpetration of those acts of " forgeries, fraud, and force," so emphatically set forth in the " majority report." Mr. Winslow, as any other lawyer would do, exercised his legal ingenuity in making "the worse appear the better cause " His dexterous manoeuvre to carry on the investigation during the recess, and thereby postpone the promulgation of the Committee's report until after the Presi- dential election, was a great political move, and one which, had it been successful, would have wielded no small influence at the election polls in November, 1860. Mr. Winslow failed in his designs. The report was made public just as the Presidential campaign was in full bljist, and it express- 14 CHRONICLES OF THE REBELLION OF 1861. ed most unsparingly what, for sake of dis- tinction, merits the appellation of — the last sins of the Democracy. The conclusion of Mr. Winslow's report is not less remarkable for the admissions which it makes than for the scurrility which characterized its introduction. He admitted that there were frauds in Penn- sylvania, but they are excusable on the ground that they were committed by "both of the great parties." Such an apology for maladministration has rarely, if ever, been put forth ; and the people to whom it would be addressed — if acceptable — would show that they were merely polit- ical serfs, unfit for the enjoyment of consti- tutional liberty, and incompetent to exer- cise all those rights and privileges which appertain to the independent and patriotic citizens of every free and enlightened country. " Irregularities " are acknow- ledged to have existed in the Navy Yard at Philadelphia, as well as " responsible ir- regularities" in some of the post offices and custom houses ; but all this took place without the concurrence or sanction of the President, or any of his cabinet. Mr. Wins- low does not attempt to prove that, there- lore, as much importance must be attached to his confident assertions as would be to the feed advocate who contends that his client is not guilty of murder, although the proof is beyond dispute, and the murderer himself has actually told him so before be- ing given in charge to the jury Admitting the position put forward by Mr. Winslow — namely, that the object of the Covode inves- tigation was to injure the public character of Mr. Buchanan in the estimation of his fellow-citizens, it does not follow that that can in any degree palliate for the political corruption and other governmental misde- meanors, of which the majority of the Co- vode Committee contend they had ample proof To sum up, in a few words, the impres- sion created upon our mind after a perusal of the " Covode Investigation," we must confess is that Mr. Buchanan's administra- tion was carried out, from first to last, for the purpose of extending slavery. The South issued its dictates as a master, sup- ported by national authority, and the North quietly a.'sented to its imperious dictates. New demands were made every day. In quick succession did exaction follow exac- tion, prostrating, one afier the other, all safeguards and securities— the Wilmot Pro- viso, the Missouri Compromise, the right of majorities in the territories, and the actual sovereignty of the States cast aside by the Dred Scott decision. By means such as these, the slaveholders of the South suc- ceeded in drawing the United States into those violent and dishonest political prac- tices which marked the administration of Mr. Buchanan, and which have been so thoroughly exposed by the " Covode Inves- tigation." We might write a whole volume upon these themes, and show therefrom that the triumph of the Republican party was owing in no small degree to the cor- rupt conduct of the Buchanan ministry, and the tyrannical demeanor of the slave- holding States. That triumph effected a preconceived design — secession — and with it the inauguration of civil war. CHAPTER IV. SECESSION PR0GKES8. To return to the slaveholders of the South. The convention at Charleston passed their famous ordinance of Secession on the 20th day of December, ISGO. This first act in the great drama of rebellion was taken up with much enthusiasm, not only in every quarter of South Carolina, but throughout the adjoining Slave States. At Mobile, there was a military parade ; one hundred guns were fired ; the bells rang merrily ; and the people by hundreds perambulated the streets, expressing un- bounded satisfaction at the idea of separa- tion from the United States. The enthusi- asm was even greater in New Orleans. There, too, one hundred guns were fired, and the pelican flag unfurled. Impromptu secesKion speeches were delivered by lead- ing citizens, and the " Marseillaise Hymn'» and polkas were the only airs eung and CHRONICLES OP THE REBELLION OF 1861 15 played. Tennessee also contributed her quota to the general rejoicing. lu a word, all the States which subsequently formed themselves into the " Southern Confedera- cy" thus early gave manifestations of their approval of the step taken by South Caro- lina. In the midst of all this agitation and excitement in every region of the Slave Dominion, the Members of Congress for South Carolina took leave of the Senate and House of Representatives, in short but emphatic speeches, indicating firmness of purpose and a determination on the part of South Carolina to defend to the very last extremity the course which had been adopt- ed. Meanwhile, the secession mania had spread with rapidity throughout the South, as maybe perceived by a glance at the fol- lowing tabular statement, showing : THE PERIODS OF SECESSION OF THE OONFEDEBATE STATES. The disloyal States seceded in the following order : State. Date of Secession. Vote of Convention. Soath Carolina.. .. December 20, 18G0.... Missiijsippi January 9, 1861 84 to 15 Alabama January 11, 1861 61 to 39 FloriJa.. January 11, 1861 62 to 7 Georgia January 19, 1861 208 to 89 Louisiana January 26, 1861 113 to 17 Texas February 1, 1861 166 to 7 Virginia April 17, 1861 Arkansas May 6, 1861 69 to 1 DATE OF RATIFICATION" OF THE CON- FEDERATE STATES CONSTITUIION. These States have ratified the Constitution of the Confederate States by the following pole: State ^"'^^ "^ ^"'^ "-^ Ratification. Convention. Alabama March 13, 1861.. 87 to 5 O-eor^ia March 16, 1861.. 96 to 5 Louisiana March 21, 1861.. 101 to 7 Texas. March 25, 1861 . . 68 to 2 Mississippi March 30, 1861 . . 78 to 7 South Carolina Aprils, 1861.... 149 to 29 Florida April 23, 1861... Unanimously. Arkansas, May 6, 1861 Unanimously. Among the first objects which claimed the earnest solicitude of the secession lead- ers in Sonth Carolina were the enlistment of all the slaveholding States in their be- half, and non-reinforcement of the forts in Charleston harbor. Their object in obtain- ing possession of these strongholds was to bid defiance to the Inderal authorities at "Washington, and thus not merely evade the payment of national duties on import- ed goods and manufactures, but also to se- cure the acknowledgment and sympathy of the great European powers. Their ar- guments and reasons upon these points were expressed in the following terms by the leading organ of secession in Charles- ton — the Mercury : " The reinforcement of the forts at this time, and under present circumstances, means coercion — war 1 When the forts are demanded, and refused to be delivered up to those in whom is vest- ed the title of eminent domain, and for whose protection and defense alone they were ceded and built up ; and when, the Federal Government showing a hostile purpose, it shall become proper for us to obtain possession, then it will be right lor the world and Black Republicanism to ex- pect that the State, by her authorities, will move in the premises. The people will obey the call for war, and take the forts." This expression of opinion and intention was followed by the proclamation of Gov. Pickens (two days after, Dec. 24), declaring South Carolina a separate, sovereign, free and independent State, with the right to levy war, conclude peace, negotiate treat- ies, leagues, covenants, and to do all acts whatever that rightly appertain to a free and independent State. Prior to this, a company of eighty men from Savannah, Ga., arrived at Charleston, and tendered their services to Gov. Pickens, under the name of " Minute Men," or " Sons of the South." No sooner had Governor Pickens' proclamation became known, than Major Anderson, who had charge of the Charles- ton forts, set about improving his position and strengthening his defences against the bold and traitorous designs just quoted from the Charleston Mercury. Up to this time Major Anderson was quite a favorite with the Charlestonians, and, if anything, was supposed to fa^or Southern proclivities. Subsequent events showed that he was an officer of another stamp — that, with devot- ed loyalty to the Union, he added military strategy and tact of no mean order, and that all his best energies, as commander of the Charleston forts, would be employed to 16 CHRONICLES OP THE REBELLION OF I86I preserve and maintain untarnished the dignity and honor of the American flag. Knowing that his then position — Fort Moultrie — was not by any means desirable or secure, in the event of any outbreak upon the part of the Secessionists, he made up his mind to remove to Fort Sumter — a place of much greater strength, and in a position better calculated to command the harbor and city of Charleston. No time wa? lost in carrying out the design, with a dispatch and a secrecy which all naval and military authorities pronounce admirable in the extreme. Fort Moultrie was evacu- ated on the night of December 26, 1860. Previous to the evacuation, the guns were spiked and the carriages destroyed by fire. The evacuation commenced a little after sun-down. The men were ordered to hold themselves in readiness, with knapsacks packed, at a moment's notice. They were reviewed on parade, and afterwards order- ed to two schooners lying in the vicinity, taking with them all the necessary stores and requisites in their evacuation. Sever- al trips were made during the night, and a great part of the provisions and camp fur- niture were transported under cover of night. The lightness of the moon, howev- er, afforded but slight concealment to their movements ; and in one of their trips, Lieut. Davis in command, a schooner full of soldiers and baggage passed directly un- der the guard-boat "Nina." Singular as it may appear, the officer of this portion of South Carolina executive authority did net take any notice of the aflair. The evacua- tion was complete in every respect, and when fully known, took the confiding citi- zens of Charleston by complete surprise, and much indignation. This opinion is demonstrated beyond any cavil or doubt from the statements which appeared in the Charleston papers on the morning follow- ing the evacuation — December 2/ One of them writes : " The heavy guns upon the ramparts of the fort were thrown down from their carriages and spiked ; every ouoce of powder and every cartridge had been removed from the magazines ; and, in fact, everything like small arms, cloth- ing, provisions, accoutrements, and other munitions of war had been removed off and deposited — nothing but heavy ball and use- less cannon remained." Another paper, in a spirit of desperate frenzy, told its read- ers : " Fort Moultrie, in a mutilated state, with useless guns, and flames rising in dif- ferent portions of it, will stand to show the cowardly conduct of the ofHcers who had charge of it, and who, in times of peace, basely deserted their post, and attempted to destroy a fortification which is surround- ed with 80 many historical reminiscences, that the arm of the base scoundrel who would have ruined it should have dropped from its socket." Thiswise and precau- tionary act of Major Anderson was per- formed without the knowledge or concur- rence of the executive authorities at Wash- ington ; and when the fact became known to the Charlestonians, their anger was with- out bounds, and their threats of revenge more like the ravings of irritated maniacs than the expressions of a dissatisfied people. It was not in threats, however, that they showed that they would no longer be sub- ject to the United States. The authorities created under the ordinance of secession appointed three commissioners to proceed to Washington, for the purpose ot treating with the Government of the United States for the delivery of the forts, magazines, light-houses, and other real estate, with their appurtenances, in the limits of South Carolina, and also for an apportionment of the public debt, and for a division of all other property held by the Government of the United States as agent of the Confeder- ated States, of which South Carolina was recently a member, and generally to ne- gotiate as to all other measures and ar- rangements proper to be made and adopt- ed in the existing relation of the parties, and for the continuance of peace and amity between this commonwealth and the gov- ernment at Washington. In laying before Mr. Buchanan, the then President of the United States, this programme of their au- thority and power, the dismantling of Fort Moultrie and the occupancy of Fort Sumter was alluded to and commented upon, and an urgent appeal made to him to withdraw the Federal troops from Charleston, inas- CHRONICLES OF THE REBELLION OP 1861 17 mucli as under the circumstances of that hour, they were nothing less than a stand- ing menace. The arrival of the Charles- ton Commissioners, and their introductory correspondence with the President of the United States, was not less annoying and perplexing to His Excellency than the fact that his Secretary of War was in league with the Southern Commissioner?, and that on the very day they first addressed Mr. Buchanan upon the purport of their mis- sion to the National Capital, he, upon the plea of the violation of solemn pledges re- garding the troops at Charleston, and the occupation of the forts at that city, tender- ed his resignation, as he could no longer hold his position as Secretary of War with honor, subjected as he was to a violation of solemn pledges and plighted faith. Mr. Buchanan at once accepted the resignation, and was thus relieved of a colleague in the administration of the United States gov- ernment who had at once proved himself to be a traitor to his country and a tool in the hands of its enemies. With the Com- mis^^ioners themselves Mr. Buchanan had a much more difficult game to play. It has been already shown that the main features of his Presidency were pro-slavery. Hence arose the difficulty of holding inter- course with the representatives of what he, as Chief Magistrate of the United States, was bound to consider a treasonable move- ment. Two of his Secretaries of State, Howell Cobb, of Georgia, and John B. Floyd, of Virginia — the former being chief of the Ti'easury Department, and the latter the head of the Army Bureau — had forsaken him. They knew his sentiments, and had no doubt extorted from him promises to aid the Southern cause, which, if made known, would in after years damage his character as a statesman, and deeply tar- nish his reputation for political morality, honor and honesty. Such was the circum- stances by which he was surrounded when compelled to enter into a correspondence with the Commissioners from South Caro- Carolina. It was clear that he could not recognize the Commissioners in an official capacity. He therefore told them so. Not desiring to be curt or to appear offensive, Mr. Buchanan then entered into an argu- ment, setting forth opinions expressed in his last inaugural, respecting the forts at Charleston, and said that when he learned that Major Anderson had left Fort Moul- trie and proceeded to Fort Sumter, his first promptings were to command him to return to his former position, and there to await the contingencies presented in his instruc- tions*. The events which subsequently took place at Charleston — seizure by force of two of the Federal forts, and the covering of them with the palmetto flas, instead of that of the United States ; the seizure of the national custom-house and post-office, and the resignation on the same day of every officer of the Customs — Collector, iTaval Officer, Surveyor, and Appraiser — had 80 altered the position of affairs, that Mr. Buchanan was compelled to tell the * The following is a copyof thf "Verbal In- slrnctions to Major Anderson, First Artillery, commanding Fort Moultrie, S. C." " You are aware of the great anxiety of the Secretary of War th.at a, collision of the troops with tlie people of this State shall be avoided, and of hJK studied determination to pursue a course with reference to the military force and forts of this harbor, which sh,all guard against such a collision. He has, therefore, carefully abstained from incre.asing the force at this point, or taking any measures which might add to the present excited state of the public mind, or which w^ould throw any dotibt on the confidence he feels that South Carolina will not attempt by violence to obtain possession of the public worljs, or interfere with their occu- pancy. " But as the counsel and acts of rash and im- pulsive persons may possibly disappoint these expectations of the Government, he deems it proper that you should be prepared with in- structions to meet so unhappy a contingency. He has, therefore, directed me, verbally, to give you such instructions. " Y'iiio')i of the forts in the harbor, and if attacked, you are to defend yourself to the lan,t extremity. I'he tmall- ness of your force wili not permit you, per- haps, to occupy more than one of the three forts, but-an attack on, or attempt to take pos- session of either of them, will be regarded as an act m hostility, and you may then put your command into either of them which yon may deem most proper to increase its power of resistance. You are aluo authorized to take similar steps whenever you hane tangible evidence of a design to proceed to a hostile act. " D. P. Hitler, "Assistant Adjutant-General." FoFT Moultrie, S. U., Dec. 11, 1860. "This is in conformity to my instructions to Major Buell. Joh.n B. Fioyd, " Secretary of War.' 18 CHRONICLES OF THE REBELLION OF 1861 Commissioners that it was his duty "to de- fend Fort Sumter as a portion of the public property of the United States against hos- tile attacks, from whatever quarter they may come, by such means as he possessed, nor did he perceive how such a defence could be construed into a menace against the city of Charleston." As so much stress was laid upon tlie act of Major Anderson ui dismantling Fort Moultrie and removing to Fort Sumter, our readers will pardon us for digressing for a few moments so as to lay before them a brief memoir of this talented soldier and truly patriotic citizen. Returning to President Buchanan and the South Carolina Commissioners, we find the latter replying to the first of the form- er, under date of January 1, 1861. In this document they set out with staling '■ that South Carolina having, in the exercise of that great right of-sell government, which underlies great political organizations, de- clared herself sovereign and independent, we, as her representatives, felt no special solicitude as to the character in which you might recognise us." After charging Mr. Buchanan with misquoting and miscon- ceiving the tenor of their first communica- tion, they proceed to meet ihe chief points of his argument In doing so, they do not fail to tarnish Mr. Buchanan's reputation as a diplomatist and a statesman, and ar- gue, with much apparent success, against the inconsistency and shuffling proclivities so strongly manifested by him in his reply regarding the movements of Major An- derson. Indeed, so emphatic were the opinions expressed by the Commissioners, that Mr. Buchanan endorsed it with the following words: " This paper, just pre- sented to the President, is of such a char- acter that he declines to receive it." A considerable portion of the community felt that Mr. Buchananan erred in the first in- stance by holding awy intercourse with the Charleston Commissioners. He was, no doubt, anxious to postpone the threatened rupture as long as possible, and thereby hand to his sucees.sor, Mr. Lincoln, as a lecxacy, the settlement of the great contest which the Southern Commissioners alleg- ed was the result of his own course of ac- tion. That he attained his object cannot be denied, and that promptitude and vigor at the outset with the secestionists would have nipped their designs in the bud is equally incontrovertible. The Charleston Commissioners, finding they could do nothing with Mr. Buchanan, returned home. Just about this time, General Wool came out with some letters, which, at one time, led to the hope tha) he would be employed in restoring peace, if not by the mildercour.se of persuasion and reason, at the point of the sword. On the 31st of December, 1860, writing to a friend in Washington, he remarks: ''Although she"— South Carolina — " may have seized the revenue cutter, raised her palmetto flag over the United States' arsenal, the Custom House, Post Oflice, Castle Pinck- ney, and Fort Moultrie, she is not out of the United States, nor beyond the pale of the Union. Before she can get out of their jurisdiction or control, a reconstruction of the Constitution must be had, or civil war en- sue.^'' Again, in a letter written about three weeks previous to this. Gen. Wool wrote to General Cass, urging upon the Cabinet at Washingfon to adopt such means to save the forts at Charleston from falling into the hands of the secessionists. He patriotically tells General Cass that, if he could aid the President to preserve the Union, he hoped he would command his services, and adds: " It will never do for him or you to leave Washington without every star in this Union in its place." General Wool's opinion was disregard- ed, the Charleston forts were not retained, and one by one did the slaveholding States repudiate the authority and control of the Federal Grovernment ; and by the time Mr. Buchanan took leave of the White House, no less than six of the Southern States had marched out of the Union. South Carolina having taken the initia- tive in the secession movement, her con- vention passed an ordinance to define and punish treason. It provides that, in addi- tion to that already declared treason by the General Assembly, treason shall con- sist only levying war against the State, adhering; to its enemies, and giving them CHRONICLES OF THE REBELLION OF 1861. 19 aid and comfort. The penalty is death, without the benefit of clergy. In this position of affairs *did the year 1861 open upon what had previously been the great- est and must glorious of all democratic forms of government. Mr. Buchanan had now only two months more to complete his Presicleiitial term. One would, there- fore, have imagined that he would, in the course of even that short period, have taken some steps to retrieve the errors of the past, and preserve the public property of the United States from being plundered by what had now as-sumed all the charac- teristics of a band of rebels. Immediately after Major Anderson had removed to Fort Sumter, his communications with the City of Charleston were cut ofl", and shortly af- ter the fort was closely beseiged, and ex- tensive preparations were set on foot to capture it at all hazards. Justly, indeed, does Count Agenor De Saspin in his able book, " The Uprising of a Great Peojde," remark : *' The Carolinians thought that they might be excused for being a little less prudent than the first magistrate of the United States. Since, moreover, they saw their pretensions sanctioned by him, why not attack the Confederation while it had a Chief who was determined to make as little defence as possible ? The weakness of Mr. Buchanan justified the confidence of Carolina. He refrained to place in the Federal fortresses troops destined to pro- tect them against an expected assault, when a brave man, Major Andersoon, took measures to defend the post that had been confided him. This unexpected resistance by which the programme was deranged, appeared as ill-timed to Mr. Buchanan as insolent to the people of Charleston, and the dispatch addressed to their Commis- sioners exculpates him from the crime of having sent the reinforcements, and makes excuses in pitiful terms for the conduct of Major Anderson, whom they ought to hear before condemning. In fact, Anderson acted on his own responsibility, and incur- red the blame of the Minister of War, who advised in full council the surrender of the forts. The American government is as timid as the seceded States are resolute. Our generation, which has witnessed sad spectacles, has never yet, perhaps, contem- plated any more humiliating ministers — one of whom, hardly out of the Cabinet, has gone to preside over the secession con- vention at Montgomery, and another of whom has taken care to pave the way in advance for the revolt of the South, and to secure for it the resources of money, arms, and munitions, which it was about to need ; ministers who vote openly for the insurgents, whose financial intrigues have been proved by investigation, and whose electoral manoeuvres, duplicated by em- bezzlement of public money, have ended in a sort of political treason, disavowed only by General Cass ; a Cabinet to con- tinue its former cour.se by killing with its veto the bill adopted by the legislature of Nebraska to prohibit slavery in its terri- tory — a government falling apart by piece- meal for lear of compromising itself by re- sisting some part of the South ; do you know anything more shameful ? Mr. Bu- chanan will end as he began : for lour years he has been struggling to obtain an extension ot slavery ; for a month he has been favoring the plans of separation by opposing his force of inertia to the grow- ing indignation of the North." It was somewhere about this juncture that reports were circulated in Washing- ton that armed bands were organizing to take possession of the Capital before the votes for President and Vice-President were counted. The then executive was somewhat alarmed at the rumors, and General Scott was authorized to make ar- rangements to put down the mob, should such an expedient to stifle the solemnly recorded will of the people be resorted to. While the Northern States were disagree- ably influenced by such tales as the fore- going, those of the South were busily ar- ranging their departure from the Union. The Alabama State Convention organized at Montgomery. Mississippi sent her del- egates to Jacksonville, both of which passed ordinances of secession without de- lay. After these followed Georgia, and then Louisiana, Texas, and Florida. The 20 CHRONICLES OF THE REBELLION OP 1861. at itude of the secessionists became more bold and defiant every day. Their strength was augmented, and the serious character of the crisis more and more apparent To expel the North from the South, both in a commercial and governmental point of view, was the watchword. And it must be admitted that the sentiment was taken up with enthusiastic determination and willingness by all classes, both young and old, rich and poor, which clearly demon- strated that, come what may, the contest could not, would not be settled without a fight. To demonstrate the designs of the secessionists, it is only requisite to point to the fact that armed bodies of Florida and Alabama troops appeared before the gates of the Navy Yard of Pensacola, de- manded possession, and were unresisted They also captured Fort Barrancas. This move, it was alleged, took place in conse- quence of the United States government garrisoning Fort Pickens, which had pre- viously been occupied. Property to the amount of one hundred and fifty-six thou- sand dollars was captured at the Pensaco- la Navy Yard. In addition to these, the mint at New Orleans was seized by the se cessionists, and all the public property be- longing to the United States was taken possession of, and whatever was useful or valuable appropriated to Southern pur- poses. Notwithstanding all this, the then Administration exhibited an amount of in- difference to what was going on, which, to any other country in the universe, would have been totally inexplicable. The first symptoms of the intentions of the execu- tive of South Carolina were manifested on the 9th of January, 1861 The " Star of the West," arrived off Charleston Harbor on that morning, having on board two hundred and fifty artillerymen and ma- rines, stores, ammunition, &c. She was signalled by a steamer on the watch at the mouth of the harbor. After the usual preliminary warning by the firing of a shot across the bows, the "Star of the West" proceeded on towards Fort Sumter bearing aloft the stars and stripes. This was the signal to fire into her from Morris Island Battery and from Fort Moultrie The captain deemed prudence the better part of valor, and again put to sea. Mean- while, Major Anderson made the appear- ance of preparing for action by runnin-r out guns at Fort Sumter None were" however, fired ; and the first effort torein- ^rce the troops under the command of Majot Anderson proved abortive. This aflairwasthe preliminary act of all the difficulties which afterwards occurred - The commander of Fort Sumter opened a sort of semi-diplomatic correspondence with Gov. Pickens, of Charleston. He sent a l^ag of truce with a note couched in the following terms: " Two of your batteries fired this morning on an unarmed vessel bearing the flag of my government. As I have not been notified that war has been declared by South Carolina against the United States, I cannot but think this a hostile act committed without your sane nod and authority. Under this hope I re- frain from opening a fire on your batteries. 1 have therefore respectfully to ask wheth- er the above-mentioned act-one which I believe without a parallel in the history of our country, or any other civilized govern- ment-was committed in obedience to your instructions ; and notify you, if it is not disclaimed, that I regard it as an act of war, and I shall not, after reasonable time for the return of my messenger, permit any vessel to pass within range of the guns ot my fort. In order to save, as far as it is in my power, the shedding of blood, 1 be^r you will take due notification of my decis"- lon, for t .e good of all concerned." Gov. Pickens was not to be intimidated by the threats of the hero of Fort Sumter. Ac cordingly, after stating the position of South Carolina towards the governmental Washington, he observes that any attempt to send United States troops into Charles- ton Harbor would be regarded as an act of hostility-furthermore, that any attempt to reinforce Fort Sumter, or retake and re- sume possession of the forts within the waters of South Carolina, which Major An- derson abandoned, after spiking the can- non and doing other damage, could not but be regarded by the authorities of the Slate as indicative of any other purpose CHRONICLES OF THE REBELLION OP 1861. 21 than the coercion of the State by tke armed force of the government. After stating that special agents hatl been off the bar to warn approaching vessels, armed and un- armed, having troops on board to reinforce Fort Sumter, not to enter the harbor, Gov. Pickens adds : " Special orders have been given the commanders at the forts not to fire on such vessels until a shot across the bows should vs-arn them of the prohibition of the State. Under these circumstances, the Star of the West, it is understood, this morning attempted to enter the harbor \pith troops, after having been notified she could not enter, and consequently she was fired into. This act is perfectly justified by me." With regard to Major Ander- son's threat, Gov. Pickens was both lacon- ic and pithy. He said : "In regard to your threat about vessels in the harbor, it is only necessary for me to say, you must be the judge of your responsibility. Your position in the harbor has been tolerated by the authorities of the State ; and while the act of which you complain is in perfect consistency with the rights and duties of the State, it is not perceived how far the conduct you propose to adopt can find a parallel in the history of any country, or be reconciled with any purpose than that of your government imposing on the State the condition of a conquered province.'' The tenor of this reply induced Major Anderson to alter his proposed plan of operations, for he immediately acquainted Gov. Pickens that he had deemed it proper to refer the whole matter to his government, and asked for facilities for the departure and return of his messenger, Lieut. Talbot, to and from Washington. Thus, for a time, the affair was allowed to rest. Secessionism, however, was gaining ground. On the 11th of January, the Alabama Convention met at Montgomery, and passed their se- cession ordinance. No sooner was the news known at Mobile than the people became frantic with joy, and both day and night were spent in rejoicings of the most boist- erous character. In short, to adopt the words of a Mobile paper of January 12 : " The occasion seemed several Fourth of Julys, and a number of New Year's eves, va- rious Chris tmases, and a sprinkling of holi- days all rolled into one event. While we ■write, at a late hour, some enthusiastic ora- tor is harranguing a shouting multitude from the steps of the custom-house, and all the juvenile fireworks of China and the other Indies seem to be on a grand burst of combined explosion, startling the ear with their mimic artillery of gratulation." The rejoicings were no doubt stimulated by the fact that Florida had also passed an or- dinance of Secession. In the state of affairs just described, Northern statesmen began to feel uneasy about the Union. The Legislature of the State of New York, after noting the conduct of South Carolina, already described, and the seizure of the forts and property of the United States Government in Georgia, Al- abama, Louisiana, etc., resolved : " That the Legislature of New York is profound- ly impressed with the value of the Union, and determined to preserve it unimpaired ; that it greets with joy the recent firm, dig- nified and patriotic message of the Presi- dent of the United States, and that we ten- der him, through the chief magistrate of our own State, whatever aid in men and money may be required to enable him to enforce the laws and uphold the authority of the Federal Government, and that in the defence of the Union, which has con- fered prosperity and happiness upon the American people, renewing the pledge given and redeemed by our fathers, we are ready to devote our fortunes and our sacred honor." Copies of this resolution were for- warded " to the President of the Nation, and to the Governors of all the States of the Union." That it did not allay seces- sion feeling does not require proof. In fact, such was the determination of the South to be their own rulers, that it was impossible to stem the tide of revolution which had set in. Mr. Jefferson Davis played a most con- spicuous part in the Secession game ; and as his State had cast off allegiance to the Union, he appeared in the United States Senate, on the 21st of January, to take his leave of that body and justify the course of action which Mississippi had determined 22 CHRONICLES OF THE REBELLION OF 1861 to pursue. Among other things, he said : " It is known to Senators who have served here that I have for many years advocated, as an essential attribute ot State sover- eignty, the right of a State to secede from the Union. If, therefore, I had not believed there was justifiable cause— if I had thought the State was acting without sufficient pro- vocation—still, under my theory of gov- ernment, I should have felt bound by her action. I, however, may say 1 think she had justifiable cause, and I approve of her acts. I confered with the people before that act was taken, and counselled them that if they could not remain, that they should take the act. I hope none will confound this expression of opinion with the advocacy of the right of a State to re- main in the Union and disregard its con- stitutional obligations by nullification. Nullification and secession are indeed an- tagonistic principles. Nullification is the remedy which is to be sought and applied, within the Union, against an agent of the United States, when the agent has violat- ed constitutional obligations, and the State assumes for itself, and appeals to other States to support it. But when the States themselves, and the people of the States, have so acted as to convince us that they will not regard our constitutional rights — then, and then for the first time, arises the question of secession in its practical ap- plication. That great man who now re- poses with his fathers, who has been so often arraigned for want of fealty to the Union, advocated the doctrine of nullifica- tion, because it preserved the Union. It was because of his deep-seated attachment to the Union that Mr. Calhoun advocated the doctrine of nullification, which he claimed would give peace within the lim- its of the Union, and not disturb it, and only be the means of bringing the agent before the proper tribunal of the States for judgment. Secession belongs to a differ- ent class of rights, and is to be justified up- on the basis that the States are sovereign. The time has been, and I hope the time will come again, when a better apprecia- tion of our Union will prevent any one de- nying that each State is a sovereign in its own right. Therefore, I say I concur in the act of my State, and feel bound by it. It is by this confounding of nullification and secession that the name of another great man has been invoked to justify the coercion of a seceding State. The phrase "to execute the law," as used by General Jackson, was applied to a State refusing to obey the laws and still remaining in the Union. I remember well when Massachu- setts was arraigned before the Senate. The record of that occasion will show that I said, if Massachusetts, in pursuing the line of step.s, takes the last step which separates her from the Union, the right is hers, and I will neither vote one dollar nor one man to coerce her, but I will say to her. ' God speed !' " Mr. Davis argued that the equal- ity spoken of in the Declaration of Inde- pendence was the equality of a class in po- litical rights, referring to the charge against George III. for inciting insurrec- tion, as proof that it had no reference to slaves. '' But we have proclaimed our in- dependence. This is done with no hostil- ity or any desire to injure any section of the country, nor even for our pecuniary benefit, but from the high and solid foun- dation of defending and protecting the rights we inherited, and transmitting them unshorn to our posterity. There will be peace if you so will it, and you may bring disaster on every part of the country, if you thus will have it. And if you will have it thus, we will invoke the God of our fathers, who delivered them from the paw of the lion, to protect us from the rav- ages of the bear; and thus putting our trust in God, and our own firm hearts and strong arms, we will vindicate and defend the rights we claim.'' Such were the language and sentiments used by the present head of the Southern Confederacy. They clearly indicated a determined and firm purpose, not merely upon his part, but the slaveholding States generally, to struggle for and obtain a sep- aration from the Union It has been shown that the example set by South Carolina had no small effect in precipitating the contest, which any politician of foresight regarded as inevitable. The first step to- CHRONICLES OF THE REBELLION OF 1861. S3 wards forming a separate and independent government of the secessionists was inau- gurated by the meeting ot a congress of delegates from all the States which had se- ceded. This took place at Montgomery, Alabama ; and on the 8th ot February it unanimously agreed to a constitution and provisional government, which were order- ed to go into immediate operation. The idea of compromi.se or re-construction of the Federal Constitution was never once mooted ; indeed, from the tone and temper of this assembly, the bare mention of such a proposition would have been squelched at the outset, and di.'-cussion upon it put down, inasmuch as the president of the congress was Howell Cobb, of Georgia, one of Mr. Buchanan's ministry, and who, in that capacity, did his best to bring about the disruption which has taken place be- tween the North and the South. Having agreed to a constitution and a government, the next step was to elect a President and Vice-President. This was done with sin- gular alacrity, and the choice fell upon Jef- ferson Davis and Alexander TT. Stephens. Mr. Davis lost no time in selecting the members of his Cabinet. On the 21st of February, he nominated Mr. Toombs as Secretary of State, Mr. Memminger Secre- tary of the Treasury, and Mr. L. Pope Walker Secretary of War. The Confeder- ate Congress confirmed the nomination, and these gentlemen at once entered upon their official duties. As Mr. Toombs was the first prime minister of the Southern Confederacy, it will not be out of place to quote his message to the people of Geor- gia, telegraphed from Washington on the 23d of December : "I came here to secure your constitu- tional rights, and to demonstrate to you that you can get no guarantee for those rights Irom your Nothern confederates. The whole subject was referred to a Cooi- mittee of Thirteen in the Senate. I was appointed on the Committee, and accepted the trust. I submitted propositions, which, so far from receiving decided support from a single member of the ilepublican party of the Committee, were all treated with derision or contempt. A vote was then taken in the Committee on amendments to the Constitution proposed by Hon. J. J. Crittenden, and each and all of them were voted against unanimously by the Black Republican members of the Committee. In addition to these facts, a majority of the Black Republican members ot'tlie Com- mittee declared distinctly that they had no guarantees to offer, which was silently acquiesced in by the other members. The Black Republican members of this Com- mittee of Thirteen are representative men 01 the party and section, and, to the extent of my infornaation, truly represent them. "The Committee of Thirty-three on Fri- day adjourned for a week, without coming to any vote, after solemnly pledging them- selves to vote on all the pro} o.sitions then before them on that day. It is controlled by the Black Republicans, your enemies, who only seek to amuse you with delusive hope until your election, that you may de- feat the friends of secession. If you are deceived by them, it shall not be my fault. I have put the test fairly and frankly. It is decisive against you now. I tell you, upon the faith of a true man, that all fur- ther looking to the North for security for your constitutional rights in the Union ought to be instantly abandoned. It is fraught with nothing but ruin to your- selves and your posterity. Secession by the 4th day of March next should be thun- dered from the ballot-box by the unani- mous vote of Georgia on the 2d day of Jan- uary next. Such a voice will be your best guarantee for liberty, security, tranquili- ty, and glory. R. Too.mbs." While all these unmistakable symptoms of separation was going forward, there were Union-loving parties who held the hope of being able to avert the threaten- ed calamities of civil war. Accordingly, a body, terming itself the Peace Conven- tion, met at Washington, and organized permanently — ex- President Tyler being called to the chair. Having been in ses- sion from the 5ih to the 27th of February, they drew up a report of their delibera- tions, and submitted to the Senate of the United States a plan of adjustment which included seven amendments to the Consti- 24 CHRONICLES OP THE REBELLION OF 1861 tution of the United States. We have transcribed these araendtnents, showing, as they do, the lenort.h wkich Union-loving men were disposed to go in order to avert anarchy, bloodshed, and confusion: " Sec. 1. In all the present territory of the United States north of the parallel of 36 deg. 30 min. of north latitude, involuntary servi- tude, e.xcept in punishment of crimC; is pro- hibited. In all the present territory south of that line, the status of persons held to invol- untary service or labor, as it now exists, shall not be changed ; nor shall any law be passed by Congress or the Territorial Legislature to hinder or prevent the taking of such persons from any of the States of this Union to said territory, nor to impair the right arising from said relation ; but the same shall be subject to judicial cognizance in the Federal courts, ac- cording to the course of the common law. When any Territory north or south of said line, within such boundary as Congress may prescribe, shall contain a population equal to that required for a member of Congress, it shall, if its form of Government be republi- can, be aduiitted into the Union on an equal footing with the origi.ial States, with or with- out involuntary servitude, as the constitution of such State may provide. ''Skc. 2. No territory shall be acquired by the United States, except by discovery, and for naval and commercial stations, depots, and transit routes, without the concurrence of a majority of all the Senators from Statss which allow involuntary servitude, and a ma- jority of all the Senators from States which prohibit that relation : nor shall territory be acquired by treaty, unless the votes of a ma- jority of the Senators from each class of States hereinbefore mentioned be cast as a part of the tviro- thirds majority necessary to the lati- lication of such treaty. " Sec. 3. Neither the constitution nor any amendment therecf shall be construed to give Congress power to regulate, abolish or con- trol within any State the relation established or recognized by the laws thereof touching persons held to labor or involuntary service therein, nor to interfere with or abolish invol- untary service in the District of Columbia .furiltho.ijt the consent of Maryland, and with- out the consent of the owners, or making the owners who do not consent just compensa- tion ; nor the power to interfere with or pro- hibit representatives and others from bring- ing with them to the District of Columbia, retaining, and taking away, persona so held to labor or service ; nor the power to interfere with or abolish involuntary service in places under the exclusive jurisdiction of the United States, within those States and Territories where the same is established or recognized ; nor the power to prohibit the removal or trans- portation of persons held to labor or involun- tary service in any State or Territory of the United States to any other State or Territory thereof, where it is established or recognized by law or usage ; and the right during trans- portation, by sea or river, of touching at ports, shores, and landings, and of landing in case of distress, shall exist; but not the right of transit in or through any State or Terri- tory, or of sale or traffic, against the laws thereof Nor shall Congress have power to authorize any higher rate of taxation on per- sons held to labor or service than on land. The bringing into the District of Columbia of persons held to labor or service, for sale, or placing them in depots to be afterwards trans- ferred to other places for sale as merchandise, is prohibited. " Sec. 4. The third paragraph of the sec- ond section of the fourth article of the consti- tution shall not be construed to prevent any of the States, by appropriate legislation, and through the action of their judicial and minis- terial officers, from enforcing the delivery of fugitives from labor to the person to whom such service or labor is due. "Sec. 5. The foreign slave trade is hereby forever prohibited ; and it shall be the duty of Congress to pass laws^ to prevent the im- portation of slaves, coolies, or persons held to service or labor, into the United States and Territories from places beyond the limits thereof. "Skc. 6. The first, third, and fifth sections, together with this section, of tht.se amend- ments, and the third paragraph of the second section of the first article of the constitution, and the third paragraph of the second secticui of the fourth article thereof, shall not be CHROXICLES OF THE REBELLION OF 1861. 55h( Poll of the ^Iniou Svmit. THE SEVENTH REGIMENT OF THE N. Y. S. M, In entering upon this portion of our task, we S3hct the Ssventh Regiment, of New York, as tlie first which merits record in these pages. It was tlie first to leave the citj- for the purpose of pro- tecting the National Capital from the intended in- vasion of the Secossioniits. With a promptitude which merits all commends, tion, the men composing the Seventh Regiment mustered for their march after only a few hours' notice. This was at the time of the great up- rising of the people of the Northern States, when the cry was general, loud, and determined for an appeal to arms. The beating of drums and the sound of martial music,' the waving of flags, and the exhibition of Union badges, cockades, breast- pins, brooches, charms, etc., upon the person of every man, woman or child who ventured forth, whether in the pursuit of business or pleasure, was the order of th; day. The dull, heavy tramp of the military was heard, and the glittering of their burnished arms seen in almost all our thorough- fares. The keen, shrill blast of the bugle's morn- ing-call, and the measured tread of sentinels around the recruiting depots, told unmistakably that the country was at war — that its peace had been bro- ken and i:s time-honored Constitution placed in jeopardy. Then, too, could be heard the warning voice of patriotic statesmen, the solemn pray- ers of gospel ministers, and the no less fervent and sincere ejaculations of "Amefll" from their hearers. The wild hurrahs with which every sen- timent breathing loyalty and devotion to the Union was taken up, and the avidity with which fathers delivered their sons to the requirements of their country, and wives consented that their husbands should forsa'iie them for a time and venture upon the battle-field — that arena of deadly conflict, carnage and human slaughter — was no less mar- velous than it was commendable. Patriotism so noble, so pure, so self-denying, seemed almost an inspiration of Heaven. No matter what country or what people we call to mind, the conduct and bearing of the citizens of the Northern States was one continued round of enthusiasm and genuine patriotism — which, if at all equalled, has never been surpassed. It was in this state of things that the Seventh Regiment, of New York, was calli^d upon to repair, without delay, to Washington, which was then threatened with an attack by th3 rebels. It had been preceded by the Sixth (Massachusetts) a day or two before, and, in passing through Bal- timore, had a narrow escape from the "Blood Tubs" and "Plug Uglies" who have ever dis- graced the chief city of Maryland. The chAracter of the attack and its results will be noticed when we give the muster-roll of the Massachusetts regi- ment. The news of the attack at Baltimore had been made known while the Seventh Regiment was be- ing mustered for the march. They expected to pass through Baltimore ; and, from the threats of the Secessionists, it was considered there would be bloody work. Nerertheless, although impressed with a full conviction of the dangers which threat- ened them, they were nothing daunted — they felt that they were on the side of justice and truth; and, with a firm reliance that the God of Battles would protect them from the murderous intentions of their enemies, they set out from New York on the afternoon of Friday, the 19th of April. The Seventh Regiment has ever been one of the most popular belonging to the city of New York— consequentl}-, it was to be expected that they would receive a great ovation. Nor wi^re those who indulged in such anticipations disappointed. The decorations of the streets along the line of march were superb. The thousands and tens of thousands who congregated along Broadway rent the air with cheers aad plaudits of the most deaf- ening and enthusiastic kind. Complimentary and highly gratifying as was the reception which was bestowed upon the Seventh Regiment on its de- parture, the men composing it were not much, if at all, elated at the honors which their fellow-cit- izens showered upon them. It was easy to trace in the solemn countenance of each and every man that he was setting out upon an important mis- sion. They were men who evidently felt that to them was assigned the duty of protecting with jealous care the Stars and Stripes which were em- blazoned on their regimental standards. To the credit of every man, from the colonel down to the humblest private, the march was conducted with order, preci«ion and strict military discipline. Al- though much temptation existed, there was not the slightest symptoms of a too free indulgence in "stimulants" — a circumstance which shows how careful Colonel Leffeits and his officers must have been. CHRONICLES OF THE REBELLION OF 1861. In connection with the march down Broadway an incident occurred which is worth mention. On the balcony of the store of Ball, Black & Co., Col. Anderson took op a position, that he might have a full view of the magnificent appearance of the regiment. When he was discovered, there was a shout which the detractors of his fame ought to have heard. There stood before the masses a man who had proved that in his keeping the na- tional standard of the United States was safe, and that they who imputed to him anything appertain- ing to treachery or treason were libelers and slan- derers of the basest kind. Upon the occasion to which we allude, he was duly honored for his gal- lant conduct at Fort Sumter ; and no doubt every man of the Seventh felt that that conduct was worthy of imitation, and made up his mind to "go and do likewise." It was originally intended that the Seventh Regi- ment should proceed through Baltimore, and if opposed in that city, to inflict a signal chastise- ment upon the rowdies who so maliciously assault- ed the Sixth Massachusetts Regiment that veiy day. They had prepared themselves for the dan- gerous task which they proposed to execute. In addition to their small arms, the regiment took along with them two howitzer guns, to be worked by the troop and engineer corps. The officers, too, were provided with pistols of Colt's construc- tion. Had any engagement taken place at Balti- more, the consequences would have been fearful. Having arrived at Philadelphia, circumstances oc- curred which induced Col. Lofferts to change his plan of operations. He was notified by the Gov- ernor of Maryland and the civic authorities of Baltimore that the soil of Maryland should not be invaded by the march of Federal troops en route to Washington. This mandate would in all prob- ability have been disregarded, had there not been % difficulty in finding railway transit, inasmuch as the superintendent of the Baltimore and Ohio Rail- road positively refused to provide cars for the trans- port of the regiment over his road. Another course had therefore to be adopted, and an order was reluctantly issued for the men to leave the cars at Philadelphia, and pass the time as best they could until some other arrangement was made to send them forward to Washington. Here Col. Lefferts displayed the utmost consideration for His men. He telegraphed his position to the War Department at Washington, and also sent on to New York for provisions and all other necessa- ries, which were to be forwarded by water to An- napolis, Maryland. Whilst waiting for means of transportation, an incident of peculiar interest took place. The regiment was temporarily bou- liaced in the railroad depot ; thousands of visitors thronged the building, looking at the men with the greatest possible interest, and wishing them the best success in the important duty which they had taken in hand. In the midst of the bustle and ex- citement which prevailed, an aged lady, of respect- able appearance, entered the building, carrying » large marketrbasket on each arm, and anxiou.sly desiring to see some of the officers. One of the sergeants was directed to ascertain the nature of her business, when she stated it in something like the following terms : " I heard that some of you soldier men hadn't got anything to eat, and specially that you were out of bread. Now, I've brought you some that is real good, home-made bread — some of it I made myself, and some of it a neighbor made for me. Here, take it— you are welcome to it. I want to find some one to give it to." Some of the men, of course, proposed to pay her for it; but she posi- tively declined, saying : ''No, no; I want to give it to you. I had a boy once who was a soldier in the regular army ; he was all through the Mexican war, and he was killed in battle. I always feel as if I couldn't ever do too much for the soldiers. I can't give you much, boys," continued she, wiping away the tears that ivould come at the thought of her own " boy" ; " but here's my bread, and I hope some of you may like it. There's a plate of nice, fresh butter there, too ; and you may have the basket, and the plates, and everything. May be my boy has wanted some bread some time, and I hope some mother gave it to him." Here the old lady, after a minute's struggle, broke entirely down, and with the words — "My poor boy— my dear Alfred!" — she hurriea awa}', leaving her bas- kets behind her. This incident was not without its good effect, for not one of all the spectators bat was touched to the heart by the sincere grief of the poor old woman, and not one but thought better of a cause that could command a gift so earnest and pure, though so humble ; and perhaps a few were made to think more tenderly of other mothers who might so soon be called to mourn other sons, slain by their country's enemies. The old lady's name was found to be Magilton, and she had one son educated at West Point, one killed in Mexico, and a third son is Magilton, the circus performer, who was one of the very cleverest men in the whole profession. This last-named one, re- centlj', while doing the "trapeze' performance in England, fell from a height of thirty-five feet, striking on his back and shoulders, inflicting inju- ries of which he may probably die. It is by no means necessary to recount all the incidents that took place during the delay of the regiment at the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad de- pot. The men made themselves as comfortable CHRONICLES OF THE REBELLION OP 1861, aa possible under the circumstances. The military authorities at Washington were very inattentive to Col. Lefferts' inquiry what to do; and after a halt of fourteen hours, he determined to proceed by sea to Annapolis. He made arrangements for this purpose, and with as little loss of time as pos- sible, he marched his men and baggage on board the sieamer Boston on Saturday evening, April iiOth. The voyage was somewhat perilous, from the vast crowds of men and officers on board the Boston. Great privations and inconveniences were endured, but all bore up with the most cour- ageous fortitude. It was 4 P. M. of the 23d before the Seventh Regiment landed at the dock of the Naval School, at Annapolis. Fresh difficulties had to be encountered at this point, added to which were the flying rumors that the enemy were in strong force along the road by which the regi- ment was to march to Washington. For all this, they did not evince any fear or trepidation. The general feeling was in favor of having a brush with the rebels ere they arrived at the National Capital. They felt, too, that they were bound to give the South some tangible proof that they were not so easily mastered as the Southern rebels boasted. Aft«r a series of delays. Col. Lefferts was enabled to take his departure for Washington, which it reached in safety, amid the hearty con- gratulations of the citizens and to the great relief of the executive authorities, who had spent several days and nights of anxiety. In all the march from New York to Washington every man of the regiment gave safficient evidence of every soldier- ly quality. They bore hunger and privation of the severest kind without a murmur ; nor were they less remarkable for their readiness to perform the severe military duty which was assigned them. In the trenches upon Arlington Heights, and on sentry, they have, one and all, proved efficient and trustworthy soldiers. They were the means of saving the National Capital at a very critical mo- ment ; and those who run them down for return- ing when their term of service had expired, not merely reason illogically, but do the men a meas- ure of much injustice. The Seventh Regiment was only engsged for thirty days' service ; and when their time was up, the United States authorities made arrangements to allow them to return home. This did not arise from any distrust of their patriotism and loyalty, nor the least feeling of dissatisfaction with their •xtreme efficiency as soldiers in the field. On the contrary, all these desirable traits in the defender of his country in the hoar of danger had been fully exemplified, and were officially endorsed by the highoit military authorities at Washington.* It * See Bupleraentary note at the end of the roll. was motives of discreet prudence and policy which swayed the Secretary of War to send home the Sev- enth Regiment. As it had always been a most popu- lar regiment on the battle-field, so its departure therefrom was regarded with extreme regret. This wasveryplainlymanifestedwhen their farewell pa- rade took place at Washington. Every one, civil- ian and military, vied with each other who could most honor a body of men who had proved them- selves an ornament to the profession of arms and a lasting credit to the city from which they hailed They left Washington, on their return for New York, on Friday, the 30th of June ; and before do- ing so, conferred an act of extreme kindness and hospitality to one of the regiments less affluent than themielves. They presented to them all their camp equipage and many other articles equally useful and valuable to a campaigning army. The recipients of this desirable gift were the New York Fire Zouaves. On Saturday, the 1st of June, the Seventh Regiment re-entered New York, where a hearty greeting was bestowed upon them. Detractive remarks had been made by some censorious minds, who never can perceive excellence in any man or body of men, except they ar« themselves the centre of such excellence. It was, therefore, endeavored to make the reception as cool as pos- sible. But the effort failed— signally failed— and Colonel Lefferts and his men entered their native city amid the loud and enthusiastic welcomes of congregated thousands, who uttered sincers and heartfelt thanks that the great disposer of all events had not thinned the ranks, either by the ravages of disease, or the more terrible havoc of bloody war. The regiment left 921 strong, and returned numbering 1356,* officers and men — another proof of the extreme care of the commander and the great attention of the medical officers. Dr. T. M. Cheese- man and Dr. John W. Dalton. It would, howev- er, be an act of injustice if, in this brief sketch, we omitted to note that much praise is due to the chaplain of the Seventh, the Rev. Mr. Weston. The Philosopher who scans the universe — takes cog- nizance of the relationship of cause and effect — of man — what he is and what he can be made, ac- cording as his actions are swayed by the proper exercise of the laws planted within his triune na- ture: body, head and heart— is well aware that in proportion to the influence which the moral senti- ments control our every-day habits, and induce sobriety, correctness of deportm«nt and rectitude of purpose, so will be the healthy condition of all those powers which make up our physical organ- ization, and either sharpen or blunt the most glo- ♦ This includes a Dumber of volunteers who af- terwards joined. CHRONICLES OP THE REBELLION OF 1861 rious portion of existing humanity— intellect. In- fluenced by the truth of thin philosophical theo- rem, the Rev. Chaplain ofthe Seventh was"in3tant in s.-ason and out of season." His solicitude for the moral and spiritual advancement of the troops under his ministerial charge enabled him to im- part such lessons as induced, if not practical piety, correct morals. These prevented undue excess in anything dangerous to the physical constitution, preserved health, and rendered the men comforta- ble and happy under all the sufferings, hardships and privations ^yhich they had to encounter. Having now glanced at the part which the New York National Guard took in the campaign against the Southern rebels, we deem it a mere act of just- ice to notice more in detail the slanderous imputa- tions cast upon them in consequence of their re- turning home before the termination of the con- flict. It has been alleged against this regiment, that owing to their return, they manifested a lack of military courage, proved that they were only milk-and-water patriots, and more fitted for par- lor and drawing-room drill than to perform all or any of the fatiguing duties of a campaign-life in an enemy's country. The facts given above con- fute such accusations, and we feel bound to say that the spirit which actuated their autliors was not becoming, and their intention and object spiteful and malevolent in the extreme. A cursory glance at the true state of the case will show that the Seventh Regiment was perfect- ly entitled to return, whilst it will be equally clear that they proved themselves soldiers of the fore- most class, and did not lack a single quality essen- tial to an army going forth to conquer an enemy. The Seventh Regiment mustered at an hour's call. It wa-i engaged to protect the Capital until the U. S. Government could send forward troops from all quarters of the Union. From the time when their services were called for until they set out upon the march was only twelve hours. The prompt response of Col. Lcflerts and his men at once checked the designs of the rebel army, and kept back the hordes of traitorous adventurers who contemplated the capture of Washington. Now, for this one act alone they are entitled to the thanks and lasting gratitude of the country. It was a deed which foiled the enemy at the out- set, and drew from him imprecations— loud and hellish. Those who murmured at the return of the Sev- enth Regiment should have remembered that its members are mainly composed of men who are engaged in business pursuits. In the extreme hurry with whicii they were dispatched, the great- er portion of them left their affairs in a very dis- arranged condition, and for them to have remain- ed longer away would have been totally ruinous to their interests and property. It should be borne in mind that their period of service wa.-! thirty days; and at the end of that time, such was the excellent state of the Union army, that there was no pressing necessity for their services; conse- quently, every one must admit that it would have been both ungenerous and unjust to ask them to remain any longer at military duties, and thereby cause their business affairs to get into greater confusion and probably irreparable arrangement. Upon a calm and unbiised retrospect of the con- duct of this regiment, from the time it set out, on the 19th of April, until its return, on the 1st of June, all reasonable-minded men will admit that it has been equal to any other body of troops in the field, that both officers and men performed every duty assigned them in a commendable and efficient manner, and that they bore an amount of fatigue and privation which would test the physi- cal powers and severely try the nerves of the hardiest veteran. campaigner. It is ever the part of the envious to carp and cavil at everything and everybody superior to themselves— and, as regards the Seventh Regiment, this is particularly so— show- ing how apt and striking are the words of the poet: " — Base envy withers At a#otlui'8.joy. aud bates the excellence It cannot reach." CHRONICLES OF THE REBELLION OF 1861 Putter §&n &f t\u ^mnilx ^^e^imcnt, f. f . 3, p. REGIMENTAL STAFF. Colonel, tit. Colonel, Major, Adjutant, - Q,uiirt^rmaster, Commissary. Paymaster, As-'t Paymaster, Chaplain, - Ordin;tne« Officer, Surgeon, 1st Ass't Surgeon, - Marshall Lefferf.s. Wm. A. Pond, did not go. Alexander Shaler. - J. Henry Liiebenau. li. VV. Winciiester. - - - Wm. Patten. - - A. Kemp. - Meredith Rowland. - Roswell H. Weston. - .lohn A. Baker. Oheeseman. - John C. Balton. 2nd Ass't Surgeon, Hos. Steward, - — Tnttlft. Bedford. NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. Sergeant Major, Color Sergeants, Commissary's Sergeant, Act. Q,uart'r 8gt. Ordinance Sgt. Kight Gen 1 Gntde, Left Gen'l Guide, - - R. C Ratlibone. S W. Scott. F. H. Pearce. L. L. S Clearman. Isaac Dean. - R C Weed. - John H. Draper. - S. (J. Ryder. - J. J. Morrison. FIRST COMPANY. Captain, W. B. Rensel, 1st Lieut. C. H. Meday, '2nd " J. L. Han way, Orderly Sgt. "Wm. H. Hume, 2nd •' H. C. Robe, 3rd " P. G. Bogart, 4th " H. M. Funston, 5th " F. O. Pierce, 1st Corporal, J. K. Shephard, 2na - .^ — 3rd 4th ath 6 th 7 th C 8. Wilson, C. H. Ketchen, Wm. Davidson, G. M. Diggs, D. Li. Hays, E. Trenor, PRIVJTKS. Allen. J. H. Archer, A. S. Asten, T. S. Appeles, T. L. Buchanan, '>. T). HiineherholT, W. B. Borrowson. (J. Hryce, G. W G. B.OW1., W. H. Bagart, H. Y. Belknap, Aug. Barr, S. C. Briggs, C. A. Bang, T. J. Bar num. H. C. Bell, S. L. Olark, N. Olark, J. R. ■Cooper, Wm. H. ijooper, T. W. Cable, J. H. ■Clough, Henry Cook, G. T. Cowperthwaite, F. K. DerL-rndoff, 0. P. Davidge, R. U. Drusljw, N. J. Oavis, B. F. Donaldson, W. J. Darling, H. Kills, Henrv, Evans, R. it. Eckel, E. H. Forbes, Ed. Grant, T. J. Griffith, T. FT. Goinperts, G. S. Hume, G. W. Howe, C. H. Hvde, E. J. Hart, O H. Hart, F. H. Hewlett, A.. C. Hamilton, Robert Heuberer, C. Hashlasher, George Humphreys, N. S. Immea, John H. Kingsland, D C. Kirkland, T. S Kahler, Frederick Kurtz, William Kelly, J. G; Leggett, Samuel Lindemann, H. Le Fort, George Lyon, Lowber, .1. H. Murray, James Mcllvaine, F. E. McKruaw J. P. Merkle, Aug. Meday, G. U. Miller, J. H. Mott, J. W. Mar^ardt, C. Orpeu, U. W. Patterson, Luke Perry, D. O. Plass, Rogers, G. L. Rawson, E. B. Reynolds, C L. Ring, G. W. Spoltord, C. H. Sibell, J. W. Slocomb, T. D. Spellman, N. B. Snvder, E L. Shields, Wm. H. Sumner, A. U. Slugg, H. B. Saunders, G. F. Sinionson, .J. U. Smith, F. A. Spring, E. A. Swartz, J. n. Sharp, "William A. Seaver, T A. Strumay, Albert Toed, R. C. Trenor, H. H. Trenor, J. F. Trenor, J. J. Trenor, J. Jr. Thwait, S. C. Tugman, C. A. "Villiertj, Thomas V,an Ness, George Villeplait, A. B. Villeplait, W. D. H. "Welcker, John Wilbur, E. R. Wetmore, Aug. Waldro , R. S. Wheeler, W. P. Whiteman, Yost, Henry. SECOND COMPANY. Capt. Emmons Olarlc, 1st Lieut. Noah L. Farnham, 2od Lieut. Eilward Bernard, Irit Sgt. Peter Palmnr, 2nd Sgt. .Joseph E. Macfarland, 3rd Sgt. Charles S.Van Nordeu, 4th Sgt. Henry B. Dyer, 5th Sgt. David Miller, 1st Uorp'l Richard F. Ware, 2nd " Richard D. Fonder, 3rd " George A. Bernard, 4th " Charles .S. Janes, Lance Cor. Rob't 8. Gould, Jr. •' Reginald H. Williams, " Rodney C. Ward, " Tiios. VV. K. Holder, PRIVATES. W. G. Allison, R. Alli-son, J. B. Amerman, F. G. Ageus, J. B. Ames, Jr. H. H. Alden, .1. M. Aldeo, W. T. Bucken, R. C Buckan, CHRONICLES OF THE REBELLION OF 1861 H. Bri?tow, a. S. Burnet, B. Brower. J. C. Bloomfield, VT. A. Burtis, A. M. Burtis, O. F. Booth. D. T. Boardman, <>. L. Buckley, E B:iker, W. H. Codey, S. W. Codey, W. O. Ohapman, A. A. Curtis, W. Coltou, A. M. Cliace, G- Debenham, "W. L. Darling, H P. EvelPth, \V. Edwards, W. R. Eadie, G M. Evaas, "W. T. Farnham, S. Flore, te, A. Fiudlay, F. Foster," A. Garrison, H. G. Gregory, F. Gregory, B. Gregory, H. Gordou, J. K. Gittens, Jr. H. Hives, F. A. ilarter, J. IS. Hiivens, X. A. Halsev, H. r. HaUeV. R. F. Hatfield, A. Hailield. Jr. T. L Hatfield, O. Hall, C. S. Hill, W. M Haddock, H. G. Healev. W. Hadlpy, M. Li. Jones, J. S. King, R. H. Lane, J. Lawrence, R. W. Leonard, R. McKinlev, W A. McDouald, W. H. Mix, E. Mix. J. B. Mix, S. T. Mather, T. 1). Mather, E. McManus, J. W. Miller, 1). J. Miler, F. S- Morrison, Jr. W. Xodine, C. Overton, .1. Oakev, H. L. Phalen, G. Putnam, H. M. Porter, G. 8. Phipps, 1>. Postley. W. S. Phvife, J. W. Powell, G. Y. Quilhird, J. F. Russell, J. Koome, C. .1. Ruscher, J. W. RooTie, G. W. Selover, H. F. Savage, R. L Salisbury, S. R 'Ji.ri'thers, C. S. Sterling, J. Stereason, c. C. Shelley, E. W Stration, W . B . See, J. A. Smith, G B Smith, G M . Smiih, E. Sturgis, D. H. Tuttle, C. H Tav, G T. Tvbring, J. H. Tavlor, A. Tavlor, J. W Vandewater, J. S. Vanderbilt, J. T. W. Vandervoort, \V . T an Dnzer, J. W Ison, J. Williamson, Jr. E •Ward, G .1. L. Wright, D T. Way, E W illiams. E B Webster, E Whitfield. THIED COMPAST. Captain, James Price, 1st Lieut. John J. Wickstead, 2nd " Geor?*" T Haws, Sergeant, .Tohn W. Murray, " Theo B. Stephens, " Richard L. Leggett, " Loni? Fitzgerald, " Jos. Dore, Corporal, Wm. P Baily, •' De Wirt Clin'ton, " Chas. B. Owen, " G. D. Tracy, " C. R. Crane, " Louis B. Rader. PRIVATES. Abbot Chas. A. All-Ti, Henry Barret, .lohn Banks, J. E. Bogart. Chas. C. Burdett, J. .Tr. Bend, Wm. B- Bacon, Geo. W. Barnes, A. C. Burton, W. C. Barker, C J. Butler, B Jr. Broderick. Wm. E. Beers. W. H. Mrown, Cha*. L. Bennedict, E. F. Bunee, T. D. Bomford, G. N. Chapman, .Tos. H. (-olgate, Chnt-in G. Conroy, Thos. L. Coiiroy, Wm F. Collini, Wm. S. Collins. Geo. S. Cook, Vincent L. Oovell. Chas S. Cheesman, T. M. Clinton, C. W. Clowes, T F. Crane, LP. Cheesbrough, Wm. H. Cheesbroush, R. A. Doolittle, Jas. K. Eartnan, Elliot, Thos. Ferry. iJarins Jr. Foster Clin'on, Fish, L. A. Gendar, Thomas V. Graham, .Tos. F. Gnlaser, Philip Hickcox, T. N. Hurst. Fred. R. Hale, Wm. D. Hughes, Charles Holt, Ed. O. Hoxie, Wm. E. Irving, Thos. R. Jordan, C. N. Kennedy, Chas. Lawrence, Geo. P. Lewis, Curtis Merle, Chas. F. Mott, Henry H. Melligan, S. G. McKibbe*. G. H. Blarshall, iGeorge "Marshall, Alexander Oakley, Alfred Oakley, N. H Portington, R. C. Peterson, C. Pollard, D. A. Pollock, W. J. Piatt, Wm. C. Radcliffe, H. G. Robinson, W. G. Reeve. I^^aao T. Requel, G. W. Sebert, J. F. Sebart, .Ino. Sfxton, S. -T. M. Spooner, H. F. Simonson, Jos. Smith, Eugene B. Smith, A M. C. Jr. Smith. W. H. St. John. W. M. Tuthill, S. B. Tremain, H E. Tremain, W. R. Van Riper, .Jas. Van Wjck, W. E. Van Honten, Isaac Vap uuck, W^arren, -James R. AVarren, .Jos. C. Well man, W. P. "Whitnev, W. M. Woolf, H. G. Wright, John O. Wright. David F. Wieks, Geo. J. Wilson. Jas. W. White, O. G. Watkins, W. L. Yard, W. S. FOCRTH COHPAXY. Captain. W. H. Riblet, 1st Lieu't, William Gurney, 2nd " John W Bogrrt, 1st Sgt., Peter M. Mevers, 2nd " Edward W. Little, Srd " Jeremiah V. Me?erole, 4th " Alfred B. Chapman, 5th " Henrv Everdell, 1st Corp'l, Charles E. Bogert, 2nd " Robert H. Eddy, Srd " Edward R. Young, 4^h " .lames Farnam, Drummer, Henry Eidman. Ay more, J. S. Aikiuan, A. 11. CHRONICLES OF THE REBELLION OF )86i Puntlna, R. S. B auvelt, J, H. Bexgs, J. W. Breeden, Abner H. Breeden, Charles E. Balen, Peter Jr. Bruop, Thomas Burlick, C. E. Oanfield, Jesse, W. Carter, Herman G-. Carpenter, Silas 8. Crary, Charles H. Crist, Stephen B. Crocker, G-eorge A. Cheeseborough, State Collamore, Gilman Davenport, Charles V. Dougherty, Horace F. Dickerson, G-eorge A. Dabois, J. S. L. Ewen, Edward D. Ewen, Austin D. Ewen, jSTorman Earle. Edward Everdell, Francis Edwin, W. A. Kay, Logan Fay, P. H. Fairbanks, Charles M. Ferry, Edwin \V . Fielding, W. S. Fisk, W. E. Farrington, Adam Gautier, Samuel Gaston, Wm. Haywood, Melville Hall, H. M. Halsted, Robert Harrison, Edward A. Hennesey, John F. Jr. , Hollingshead, William M. Holly, Henry H. Huntington, Charles, P. Husted, Theo. I. Hyde, M W. Hickox, Charles R. Honeywell, Charles R. Jarvis, John Karr, Frank D. Kipp, William H. Lawrence, Gr. A. Lawrence, Edward L. Lambert, William Lefferts, Marshall, Jr. Little, John L. Mallon, James E. Manning, G. F. Marshall, Alex. S Mills, James Miller, W. R. Merrit, Abraham Morse, L. W. Moies, John K. Nichols, William L. Nugent, Henry Olssen, Edward J. Osborne, E. K. Owen, Mortimer B. Ontcalt, Cornelius B. Peacock, Thomas R. Ridden, John C. Ryan, James E. Roome, W. H. Sanford, George H. Sangster, George Smith, Samuel J. Smith, Frank K. Smith, William H. Smith, Ernest L. Smith, Milton Snodgrass, Arch"d A. Spaulding, Zeph. S. Starr, Samuel H. ^teele, William S. Steele, T'eter H. Sharp, S. C. Sinclair, Hyatt Swords, Charles H. Taylor, Jos. D. Weyman. Edward H. Jr. Wood, William H Waltz, Ernst L. Wright, W. C. Woodhonse, L. G. FIFTH COMPANY. Capt. W. A. Speaight, Lieut. O. Corley, " J. Gay lor, Sgt. W T. Sprole, " J. D Earle, " J. P. Miller, «' J. B. Holbrook, " W. Seward, Jr. Corp'l E. K. Halsted, " P. D. Brainted, " W. Wall, Jr. " G. G. Barnes, " W. Scott, " D. O. Vanderbilt, " T. E. Whitney, J. L. Eckel, PKIVATES. Baker, T. E. Barrett, G. P. Banks, S. A. Berleu, H. Braisted, M. P. Bissell. G. W. Bogardus, A. Berlin, H. Benedict, C. A. Benedict, 2nd, W. G. Bell, W. G. Brusle, W. A. Bischoir, H. Cowles, G. W. Corrie, W. E. Crane, J. H. Currie, M. A. Denecke, F. W. Fleet, A. Franklin, J. B. Fuller, B. W. Fisher, P. Frothingham, C. F, Filley, F. 0. Foss, G. M. Gowdey, W. H. Gambling, W. M. Godley, J. L. Genin, E. Gaddis, M. A. Hyde, A. W. Husted, G. M. Harward, W. E. Holbrook, J. W. Haynes, M. C. Hutchings, E W. Jr. Hayden, A. L. Hawley, O. L. Hawkins, M T. Isidor, S. Jacobs, I. Jauncey, J. Jr. Keefler, B. K. Kingsland, E. A. Kingsland, W. H. Kappner, J. G. Kellinger, S. M. Lester, D. B. Laoe, J. H. Liader, C F. Moore, W. A. Margarv, T. 8. Mezzetti, G. W. Martin, B. T. McDonald, .J. Mitchell, J. M. Maper, J. H. Nixon, C. L. Noe, A. Noe, A A. Prentiss, A. T. Price, W. L. Rink, P. A. Rosenbaum, J. F. Reed, R. Romaine, W; A. Richards, L. M. Rackfeller, M. S. Reynolds, M. T. Schoonmaker, 8. A. Seligman, S. Sullivan, T. J. Selig, A. Htew, L. Stagers, E. N. Samson, J. D. Sadler, T. Skidmore, T. S. Stroud, W. E. Stewart, W. Sargent, J. Sutherland, M. T. Schoonmaker. T. S. Thomas, G. M. Thorp, S. 8. Tucker, G. Timolat, H. N. Wood, J. W. Whitehorn, W. A. ■Webb, W. Waldron, T. 8. Waterbury, M. V. Yeaton, A. 8. Young, E. P. HONORARY MEJIBERS. Alberts, W. Bailey, S. B. Burr, J. H. Clough, Theo. Cook, T. F. Eckel, F. Grain, F. Jr. Halsted, W. P. Johnson. J. Kelly, R. J. Kiersey, P. H. Leon, M. J. Millard, F. Myers, G. McGregor, J. Nugent, P. Petrie, H A. Sayre, J. D. Sllva, John Stokley, N. B. Utter, E. D. Watson, S. W. White, O. E. Wilcox, E. R. Wilson, M. A. SIXTH COMPANY. Capt. R. M. Never, 1st Lieut, R. F. Halsted, 2nd " Jos. B. Young, CHRONICLEtJ OF THE REBELLION OF 1861 Orderly, Gpo. W. Ford, SndSergt. C. G. Bartleit, 3rd " ■*. S. Brady, 4tli " J. F. Kuggles, 5tll " N. V/. 8. OaUin, 1st Gorp'l, W. B. Freeman, 2nd " Ohas Walke, 3id " G-ouv. Kemble, Jr. 4th " E. O. Bird, Lance Gorp'l, P. Schuyler, Jr. " " L. M. Carnes. PKIVATES. Alex. Annan, Henry Arnold, W. J. Bartow, F. B. Bassett, J. Benkard, Jr. E. J. Birmingham, A. U. Bissell, E. Bowdoin, (leo. Boyden, J. H. Bradbury, G. G. Brinckerhoff, O. E. Brown, C. S. Brown, G-. L. Browning, O. J- Cambreleng, 8amuel Carey, P. K. Chadwick, Flovd Olarkson, G. H. Coggeshall, A. K. Cogswell, Geo. 8. Comstock, H. M. Congdon, W. Congdon, Poinsett Cooper, E. A. Oowdrey, F. H. Cowdrey, Edward Cozzens, J. D. W. Cutting, L. L. Ouvillier, W. B. Dick, Ritner Dock, A. Douglas, J. Duryee, T. O. Ebaugh, Geo. F. Edgar, A. M. Elsworth, J. B Ezhardt, Jno. Erving, D. W. O. Falls, G. C. Ferris, O. E. Ford, J. A. Foster, J. E. Foster, J. W. French, W. C. Frost, C. C. Gardiner, E. L. Halsted, Bchuyler Hamilton, F. Harrison, J. H. H. Hawes, J. E. Hayes, P. Jaudon, Elisha Jenkins, Edward Kemp, C. A. Kimball, A. F. King, R. King, A. J. Lamb, E. Laraque, S. B. Lawrence, W. H. Lawrence, D. Marrenner, J. McLaren, J. J. McLaren, a: McNulty, G. L. Middlebrook, L. H. Miller, Geo. Palmer, 8. H. L. Rankin, J. P. Raymond, B. H. Bobbins, W. P. Roome, T. P Bowe, W. P. Ryckman, M. Ryder, B. G. Shaw, W. G. 8haw, A. E. Sheldon, C. G. Smedberg, H. A. Btill, R. H. Stillwell, W. A. Stoutenberg, E. C. Bturges, N. W. dtuyveeant, Jr. C. T. Sctton, H. Taylor, H. T. Teer, C. "W. Thomae, G. F. Thumae, G. H. Thorpe, J. W. Timpson, C. H. Tomes, F. A. T Tracy, W. W. Tracy, F. C. Tucker, W. E. Ulshoeffer, E. W. Van Benscifioten, W. H. Vance, C. F. Van Dnzer, W. R. Vermilye, Jr. G. B. Vernon, D. M. Walduck, G. B. Watts, Jas. Weeks, E. N. West, B. Weston, F. A. Wheeler, G. H. White, W. T. Whiting, Geo. W. Wilson, F. M. Winston, W. W. Winthrop, W. 8. Wood, G. W. Young, M. Young. SEVENTH COMPANY. Capt. John Monroe, 1st Lieut. J. P. Schemerhorn, 2nd " J. D. Moriarty, let Sergt. C. H. Winans, 2nd " E. S. Henry, 3rd " John L- Cameron, 4th " Chas. Hobbs, Jr. 5th " Geo. W. Eley, 1st Corpl. H. S. Bidwell, 2nd " B. H. Bowerman, 3rd " Thomas E. Delano, 4th " Jno. J. Coger, 1st Lance Cor. J. H. W. Kemp, 2nd " " Thos. R. Gooch, 3rd " " W. H. Smith, 4th " " E. M. Felt. Allcoke, R. S. Anderson, J. W. Annable, Thos. H. Avery, John Barker, L. E. Barnes, C. C. Bennett, A. C. W. Bennett, C. F. Bogert, A. Schuyler Bootman, E. W. Breck, C J. Brittone, H. H. Brittone, E. Callendar, W. E. Chatfield, H. 8. Clievaiier, Geo. Clarke, J. L. Colliijs, Cortelyou, P. C. Crane, E. S. Cravy, Curtis, Robert E. Delano, J. Delamaiter. C. H. Donaldson, E. Drew, W. Dunscombe, J. H U- Duryee. W. B. C. Easton, B. C. Eddy, E. Jr. Ely, Jos. W. Jr. Fitcb, G. R. Fowler, D. H. Gibson, R. P. Gibson, W. H. Godfrey, P. C. Hall. Chas. Hart, H. Hathaway, T, E. Hartwell, Hay den, J. T. He wet t, Holdridge D. H. Holmes, Geo. F. Jr. Horcell, A. J. Howe, Hughes, Hutchius, Ingersoll, Klanbey, A. Lauduback, D. Jr. Lent, N. H. Lent. W. H. Matthews, H. E. McClenachan, C. T, McDonough, L. R. McKesson, J. McJimsey, Eugene, Mealey, P. J. Meachan, Geo. G. Moiee, B. V. Montauge, H. W. Moon, Geo. G. Money, O'Brien, F. J. Oliver, Richard Oliver, J. W. Oldershaw, R. Olmstead, Pinckney, F. H. Pomeroy, A. H. Putnam, E. T. Risley, L. S. Robinson, Schemerhorn, Chas. A. Schemerhorn, L. Schemerhorn, W. H. Schram, Sherman, S. J. Simpson, W. Smith, A. J. Smith, R. B. Bteers, A. Steers, F. J. Simons, A. H. Skellern, Geo. "W. Stetson, N. Stetson, N. Jr. Stewart, A. B. Stewart, R. K. Stone, W. St. John, W. Tallmadge, Tallman, Geo. H Tiffany, H. D. CHRONICLES OF THE REBELLION OF 1861. 'Tiffany, Layman Thompson, S. W. Thorpe, R. A. Trotter, E. A. Trotter, F. E. Tuffts, W. Fuller Turnbull, Geo. R. Turner, W. Van Loan, B. F. Van Benschoten, M. Vanderweider, "Wheelright, W. G. "Williamson, C. C. 8. Graffalla, Musical Di- rector of the Band. David Ghraham, Drum Major. EIGHTH COMPANY. Oapt. Henry C. Shumway, 1st Lieut. Otias. B. Bo^tock, 2nd " Chag. B. Babcock, 1st Sergt. Jno. W. Spicer, 2nd " Bam'l W. Sears, 3rd " Edwd. O. Kettle, 4th " Henry D. Green, bth " Wm. L. M. Burger, Commissary, Ex. Sgt. Gilbert L. Arrowsmith, 1st Corp, Gould B. Hedenberg, 2nd " Chag. E. Mears, 3rd " Benjamin Loder, Jr. PKIVATES. Allen, Wm. B. Austen, David E. Allen, Chas. D. Abrams, Jas. C. Arms, C. Ernst, Baker, John M. Barbey, Adolphus H. Barsett, Wm. H. Bearnes, .Tos. H. Beecher, H. O. Bredt, Ernest Brown, Ed. S. Brown, Wm. H. Burdett, Geo. F. Burkhalter, Jno. H. Burkhalter, Stephen Jr. Buckley, Blake, Clarence A. Barry, Robt. P. Brownell, S. B. Baker, Jas. T. Casey, Jas. 8. Cozzens, Thos. Mi Coles, W. H. Jr. Cargill, Frank Champion, Chas. P. Crockett, John A. Davidson, Albert Denison, Lyman, Jr. Denison, Chas. S. Daskin, Jas. W. Easton, Alfred H. Eager, Peter Ellis, W. Irving Farrell, Wm. R. Field, Robt. M. Jr. Field, 8aml. B. Flagg, Montague Ford, Robt. O. N. Foster, S. B. Gouge, Edwd. H. Grant, Jas. B. Gansevoort, Henry S. Green, Frank W. Gifford.S. R. Grant, T. C. Grant, F. H. Herrick, Eiias .7. Hertzel, Geo. W. Hilliuan, Jno. 8. Howe, Angnstus Howell, Wm. P. Hurlbut, Wm. H. Hubbell, Henrp W. Jr. Hull, .Ino. Henry Hall, Robt. L. 8. HoUister, Henry H. Hav, Ha'ff, Hastin, P. Jacobeon, Wm. G. Jaudon, Frank Johnson, Ebenezer R. Jung, Chas. T. Keine, John P. Keese, .r Lawrence — Accident- ly shot dead while in camp. Lamb, Joseph Leveridge, A. De Witt Lewis, Thompson Lane, J. Remsen Lapsley, Howard Levick, Macy, Theo. E. Marvine, Wra. H. Mather, De Witt C. Meeks, Albert V. Moller, Wm. H. Morgan, Jno. W. Morrison, Jas. Jr. Morrison, Wm. A. Mnller, Adrian H. Jr. Murfey, Geo. W. Murfey, John H. Mayer, 8aml. D. McMillan, Alex. McKee, Murray, Wm. 8. Mabee, Foster N. Murray, Geo. W. Mason, Albert Moss, Cortland D. Moran, Edward Mansfield, W. D. Neilson, Edwd. N. Oley, John H. Owen, Wm. H. Pomeroy, Parisort, Ernest J. Parmelpe, Lewis C. Phillips, Henry J. Price, Chas. W. Polhamus, Henry A. Pease, Walter A. Paterson, W. G. Pearce, Chas. E. Peat, C. B. Peat, F. T. Robinson, Jas. E. Kollinson, Saml. O. Kollinsou, Ryder, Alfred V. Reeve, Ch. Rogers, Edmond P. Rushton, R. C. Rogers, Philip C. Richardson, Geo. R. Rankin, Spear, P. B. Stevenson, Smith, Lewis B. Bpear, Edwin Spencer, Piere, F. Smith, E. A. W., Ex. 1st Lieut. of Company H, Trowbridge. Jos. A. Talcott, E. N. Kirk Van Rett, Saml. K. Williams, Geo. C Wilson, Henry S. Jr. Wood, Alexander G. Willis^, John O. Whitehouse, Edwd. M. Wethabee, Welch, Wood, T. H. Webber, J. T. NISTH COMPANY, ARTILLERY. 1st Lieu' t, H. A. Oragin, 2nd '< C. C. White, Orderly Sgt., J. H. Macbride, 2 " H. .T. Fuller, 3 " Edwin Reeler, Jr. 4 "Lawr'ce Moore, Jr. PRIVATES. Andrews, G. D. Arthur, H. E. Barie, .James Baiier, Joshua Barrett, Barney, N. C. Ball, C. J. C. Brownirl, Henry Brainard, L. W. Bramhall, W. L. Beirne, James A. Bugle, Benedick Buch, Theo. H. Carman, Richard Church, E. D. Coan, W.B. Concklin, J. R. Jr. Concklin, J. K. Carey, R. P. Coombs, Philip Cumming, A. M. Day ton, G. E. Davis, G. C. Davies, Barry Dean, W. L. Doughty, G. R. Dunnel, G. H. Derbeu, J. P. Jr. Durfee, Fenton Eddy, Clin con Edgar, 8. P. Ellis, Franklin Farmer, George Fisher, W. N. Fitzpatrick, Thomae Fordred, Franklin, D. R. Giber son, S. Goodrich, L. O. Greaves, E. E. Harmstead, R. M. Howell, J. R. Knaps, E. S. King, C. E. Law, B.J. Lockwood, G. A. Lord, J. R. Leuezy, Joseph Mack, Valentine Manning, J. Marlor, G. , Matthews, James Martin, P. H. McCrea, J. E. McDonald, Alex. McLane, Arch'd Merchant, A. T. Merriman, K. R. Miller, B. B. gpBil;; i : >; 'I ?;;:, 5^ tST ^^Ht mSiaC]Lt»3't%:^ ,-, -»*.^ SSNi ■*- ~aax. - — \ •Sacr. JsxISitK. - ,,.--pi;-y-=- CH20yiCLB5 O? THS BESZLLIO^ OF i ? 4 1 . II SUPPLEMENTARY XOTE. Ohm H. Sk^ V&Mt BesBBoglt a^&dS^' •■^ , m~l iWiini-T r'-iTjT»°> Tw i; Cfc. Taa Ba^x. MriWa^ . MiirLpiBi lat^. ImO. 2. !' PRICE TEN CENTS. ^1 ,5" CHRONICLES OF I THE REBELLION O F §1 1861, FOUMINCJ A Complete Pistorn of the Setessiait P^obemeiit FROM ITS COMMENCEMENT, TO WHICH ARK ADDED THE I! MUSTER ROLL OF THE UNION ARMY, AND EXPLANATORY AND ILLUSTRATIVE NOTES OF THE LEADING FEATURES OF THE CAMPAIGN. BY CHARLES J. KOSS. SOLD BY ALL BOOKSELLERS AND NEWSDEALERS. 1?^ S FRANK Mcelroy, printer, iis nassa.u street. WCi •ip 1861. ^Li^2C'^^^C'D^t•^€rt^i^£•^i«?>^e^5e^|^J^?^:t*£?3^^^^ 8 I h ^S- COPYRIGHT SiCU«ED ACCORDI.'T TO ACT OF CONGRESS. ^ BY AN EXPERIENCED COMMERCIAL EDITOR. CANTON TEA WAREHOUS E, 260 GREENWICH ST. Iq times like the prpsent, when there is not only a dearth of employmPDt, hut a scarcety of the " circu- lating medium," it hecomeK every one to regulate their household upon principles of the strictest fcooomy, and in raakin;,' their purchases, to obtain the be>t and cheapest commodities. It is a maxim in commercial circles that "the cheapest goods are the best " AVebad, fora time, a douht of the truth of this statement, but a proof of the Wares vended by Mr. Thomas R. Agnew, at hi.< establish- ment, as noted above, fully convinced us of our error. We have made a trial of sevtralof the Goods in which he deals, and are enabled to classify them as the i-ery if.* excellent trade facilities of the principals, both at home and abroad, ensure that their stock can be vend^d at the lowest cash prices of the day. The house of Messrs. Strasburger & Nuhn can be truly recommended a^ the best of the class in the city, where customers will be politely received and their orders filled wfth proiaptnesg and despatch. Pastime in the Camp and the Social Circle. A. DOUGHERTY, 26 Beekman Street. " All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy." This is a saying no lees ancient than it is truthful. The mind as well as the body lequires relaxation ; lonsiquently vain^us means have been devised to effect an (bject so desirable. Among the many plans of amusement, is that of Card Playing. In the camp, it is the favorite pastime alter the duties of the day have hem lerlbimed. (Jne of the last things which the Volunteer attends to before his march is to supply himself with a few pocks of the best playing cardB. He knows that they will wile away many an hour which would otherwise be irk.some and tedious. Hence, the enquiry ''Where can I get the best and cheapest Cards?" We have several manufacturers in th's country. At the head of the business stands IMr. A. DOUGHERTY, 26 Beekman Street, in this city. Being practi- cally engaged in the business for a long series of years, his styles are unlimited, and the quality of each such as to give universal satisfaction. A comparison of Mr. Dougherty's Cards -with the celebiated pro- ductions of De La Hue, of London, -will convince any one that for strength, neatness of design and beau- ty of Uoisb, they arc without a compeer, -whilst in the matter of price we believe they are the cheapest iu the market. Just now Mr. Dongherty hag produced a new pattern which he calls the " Umon." We have examined this class of his Cards, and are enabled to pronoui.ce it superior in every respect. It only requires to be seen to be admired, and its excellent quality appreciated. Certain we are that when fully known eveiy soldier of our brave army will yearn to have a supply in his knapsack. But Cards are favorites in the family circle. Here, too, the Union design must, be a universal favorite. Dealers and retailers of Cards should bear this in mind, and lay in a supply, as the stock will sell like "hot cakes." SOLDIERS SPECIAL NOTICE,— Do your duty towards yourselves, protect your health, u'e HOLLOWAY'S PILLS AND OINTMENT. For Wonads, Sores, Bowel Complaints aud Fevers, thuffy, Patrick E. Egan, David Foley, Michael Flannelly, Michael Fagan, William Fitzgerald, Cornelius Gibney, Thomas Grant, George Gegety, Matthew Gilroy, Peter Gorman, Michael Howe, V/illiam G. Higgin-, Thomas Hayes, Michael Hammell, Owen Jennings, Thomas Kelly, Patrick Kelly, Frederick King, Patrick Keenan. Matthew JLiinaghan, Matthew McCarthy, Charles Maher, Patrick Morris, John Marra, Thos. Markey, John Mulloy, Matthew McCormick, M. J. Marriou, James McManus, I'aniel McGuire, Michael McGahan. James McUann, John McCann. Peter McDonald, Matthew Madden, James McMahoii, Michael McGrath, Joseph McCarthy, Thomas McManui", John Madden, Denis Manen, Thomas Muney, Edward Mitchell, Denuis McEvoy, Bernard JMnlrooney, Richard Muriey, Francis Nelson, Thomas Nolan, Michael O'Brien, John O'Brien, benis J. O'Connor, Daniel O'Sullivan, John O'SuUivan, Michael Parker, Koheri Perkins, Edward Reily, Charles Ryan, Daniel J. Reily, Patrick Reynolds, James Klce, Henry Ryan, John Rearrton, Charles Shirlock, Augustus Shew, H. Lewis Tierny, Thomas Topey, Patrick Tehan, John William, David Wynne, Patrick R. White, Nicholas COMPANY I. 1st Lieut. Commanding, John Coonan. 2d Lieut., Thomas M'Canton. 3d " William Fogarty. 1st Sergt., Thomas Scnnlon. 2d " John Joseph Foster. Sd " Patrick Morris. 4th " John Gleeson. 5th " Meagher."" 1st Corp'l, Thos. Donoughue. 2d " James Watson. 3d '• Jeremiah Preston. 4th " James McGowan. 6th " Patrick O'Connor. Dbummer, Richard Conroy. Barney, Mat'hew Bates, Hugti Bagley, Peter Bartley, William Bergen, Thomas Bell, Christopher Bird, Laurence Bowes, John Brett, Denis Brien, Michael J. Britten, Edward Brown, John Broth well, John Byrne, Edward Cahill, Thomas Callaghan, Bartholemew Callaghan, .Tames, 1st Callahan. James, 2d Canton, .Joseph Carley, Patrick deary, Michael Connor, Philip Cosgrove, Patrick Coats, Michael Comfort, Matthew Connor, .lames Coss, Kiernau Croker, W.aller Crogan, Thomas Curry, Charles Daly, John Daly, Matthew Daly Michael Delany, William Divine, Richard Divine, Alexander Divine, Thomas Dempsey, Peier .T. Disney, George M. Doyie, Edward Duggan, Cornelius Dnmphey, Patrick * This man was not heard of after the encounter with the enemy on the I'hursd.-iy pre- vious to the b-ittle at Bull Kun, and is supposed to have de- serted. Dolan, Thomas Donnelly, John Eagan, Daniel Emmett, John Fitzgerald, Cornelius Folis, Edward FuUham, Michael Franklin, James Gallagher, Cliristopher Geary, .Teremiah Giddings, John Gillan, Michael Gillespie, Hugh Haffey, Patrick Hale, Bernard Hagem, John Hurley, John Irwin, James Jackson, losepli Jacques, John Kelly, Peter King, Charles Kinnealy, William Lalor, John P. Lalor, Jerem'ah Leonard, Edward Lovett, ijhristopher Lynch, John Lynch, P.atrick Lynch, Richard Madden, James Maddigan. Thomas McCarty, Daniel McGee, Daniel McGee, Richard McGowan, John McCan, John McQrane, Francia McGrane, ISTichael McGrane, Patrick McMahon, John W. McGirk, Andrew Molloy, George Mullany, John Mulligan, Michael ^ Murphy, Daniel Murphy, John Murphy, Thomas Nesbitl, .lames Neugent, Lawri-nce Norris, Richard C'Brie. , Michael O'Dea, James O'Donnell, Patrick O'Neill, John O'Reilly, Thomas D. O'Reilly, Panick Palmer, .lohn Perkins, Matthew Philbin, Patrick Ponton, Robert Powers. John Pryor, Ferguson Quinn, John Rowan, John Ryan, Daniel Ryan, Joseph Smith, Henry Smith, .Tames Smith, Peter Sullivan, .lames, 1st Sullivan, James, 2d Sexton, Patrick Shannon, Patrick Ktencune, John Scanlan, Joseph Sheehan, Coinelius Sheehan, .lohn Venus, John I* * The only Eoglishman by birth in the regiment. CHRONICLES OP THE REBELLION OP 1861. 33 Brothwell, John Kelly, Peter Smith, Peter Sullivan, James, 1st PRISONERS AT RICHMONT). Captain James Mclver. This gentleman joined the regi- ment as a private at Wash- ington, and a fortnight be- fore his arrest was elected Captain of Company 1. COM PANT K. (IRISH ZOUAVBg.) Captain, T. F. Meagher. 1st Lient., E. K. Butler. 2d " Maurice M. Wall. 3d " Edmund Connolly. 1st Sergt., Wm. O Donohue. 2d '• Jos. T. M. Kelly. 3d " Michael Kennelly. 4th " John Breslin. 5th " William Hogan. 1st Corpl.. Jo.-^eph O'Donohue. 2d " John Hillnlpen. 3d " Clias O'Neill. 4th " Hubert M. Irwin. 5th " J. O'Connell Joyce. Ist Drammer, D. (IJonnolly. 2d " Edward Walsh. PRIVATES. Agnew, Daniel Ahern, Cornelias Annesly, Wm. Barrett. .Fas. Joseph Burke, Dennis Brown, Francis Blake, John Byron, Joiin W. Beaty, Patriclc Byrne, James Barry, James Byrne, Thos. las. Oassidy, Daniel Clarke, John C. Callahan, Wm. Clooney, P. F. Cronan, Timothy Coll, Patrick Clarke, Thomas Costello, James Connerty, Michael Condon, John Curry, Michael Collins, Daniel Collins, Kayniond H. Cummines, Wm. Carsy, Thomas Coyle, Charles Duffy, James Dowd, Alexander Dolphin. Matthew J. Dalton, Willi-im Dunphy, .John J. Devin, William Doyle, James Devine, James Eagan. William Fean, John Finn, James D. Finnen, Kichard Fitzgerald, Thomas F. Flagherty, Thomas Geany, John Hayes, Tnomas Healy, Patrick Healy, Thomas Healy, Wm. Horan, John Hughes, Thomas K. Hurly, John (J. Kavenagh, John H. Kavenagh, Thomas J. Kane, James Kelly, Daniel Kelly, Edward Keenan, Michael Keyes, Jos'-oh Keely, Patrick King, Martin Kirwin, Edward Ledwich, .John Lynch, John Mahady, Daniel E. Maginn, Patrick McClosky, Thomas McCarthy, Owen McDonald, Jamfs McGoey, John C. McCininn, Michael Mortugh, James Meagher, James Mannix, Michael Mnllins, Chas. MuUins, William Morris, William McGnire, .Tolih C. O'Brien, James O'Brien, Patrick O'Brien, Wm. McMahon O'Connor, Chas. O'Connor, Patrick O'Connor. Wm. B. O'Keefe, John D. O'Keefe, Michael O'Meara, P,itrick O'Niel, Richard Powers, John Q,uame, Pierce F. Kiely, John Rieley, Owen Kielly, Chas. Ryan, John Ryan, Philip J. Shaughnessy, Edward Smith, John Sparks, John Spencer, Wm. Stanley, Thomas Taylor, Robert Toland, Edward Tracy, Jeremiah Warran, Stephen Webster, John White, Geo. E. Whitty, William Williams, Chas. » 'Or FUNSTON & SCOFIELD, 62 JOHN STREET. Tbfie i!i not a loyal man tbrnughout the leugth and breadth of the land who is not persuaded in his own mind that ere the fall fully sets in, Seccessionism, and with it every trace of rebellion, will be banished from the south. As this most welcome period will be ushered in with great rejoicing, we beg to remind the reader that among those who contribute to the joyous hilarity of festive seasons is the respected tirm ol Messrs. FUNSruN ic SCOFIELD, sole agents for iir. LILLlEJ^B.^HIi, that eminent manufacturer of Pyrotechnics. They are constantly sdpplied with all descriptions of Fire Work^. Some of the designs of this establishment have earned for them a re,)utation of excellence which may be imitated but cannot be surpassed. From the extensive character of Mr. Lilliendahrs establishment, Messrs. Kunston & Siolield are prepared at all times lo lill order.«, and to execute dei-igns with promptness and dispatch. Remember their addres?, 62 JOH^ STREET, NEW-IORK. » ^. • ♦» * Of the various descriptions and qualities of Ale now produced and put upon the mark«t, that known a< "Flemming's Golden Ale" stands the foremost, and as its excellent tmalities become more known, it is more and more in demand, and univerally appreciated. That we do not exaggerate in the classification of thi.4 articlp, is demonstrated by the fact that the "Golden Ale" has obtained several first class medals at the State fairs in New-York, the judges pronouncing it in every instance composed ot the purest ingredients. Chemical analysists give it as their opinion that this Ale is a decidedly healthy beverage, and such as should lind its way into private families. It is already sold in wood and in bottles in all the iirst-class hotels and saloons in this city and throughout the country. Its excellent quality for keeping at sea renders it desirable for shipping and ship stores. PIERCE SKEHAX, sole Agent for this Ale, has his JJepot at 158 BROADWAY, where it can be had wholesale and retail, in bottle and in wood. We cordially recommend Flemming's (ioldea Ale, and advise purchasers to give Mr. Skebanacall. JXJST F XJ B L I S H E X) , By Blaekie «fe Son, Grlasgo\v% THE IMPERIAL GAZETTEER: A iJeneral History ofGeography, Physical, Political, Statistical, and Descriptive, including Comprehensive Accounts of the Countries, Cities, Parishes, Towns, Villages, Seas, Lakes, Rivers, Islands, Mountains, Valleys, &c., in the World. Edited by W. G. Blackie, Pb. D. F. R. G. S. Illustrated by nearly 750 en- gjaviogs. In two large volumes, 2970 pages, imperial 8vo., cloth, $17 50. "The most valuable Gazstteer in the language.'" — N. Y. Journal of CoimnTcc. h HISTOaV OF THE EABTH ANP ANIMATED NATURE: BY OLIVER GOLDS-IIITU. Willi nuiiKTous notes IVoui the work^ of Cuvier, Wilson, Bonaparte, Campier, Vaillant, I.uraack, Lesson, l-acepcde, Audubon, ^c, as well as from the works of njoru di.stingifishod British Naturalists. Ke- issned with colored plates ;' containing nearly 2400 illustrated ligures, of which 2o0 are coloreiii !!ii75 1 Stecrug^c $30 Fir, Hamburg, Bremen, Rotterdam, Antwerp, &c., at reduced through rates PBrsons wishing to bring out their friends can buy tickets here at Ihe following rates to New York -. FR.O.U HVERPOOl. OR QUEENSTOWN, FIRST CABIN, $75, §S5 and gilGS. STEERAGE FROM LiIVERPOOIi, $40', FROM QUEENSTOWN, $30. These Steamers have superior accommodations for Passengers, and carry experienced Surgeons. Thry are built in water-tight iron sections, and have patent Fire Annihilators on board. For further information, apply in Liverpool to WM. INMAN, Aeent, 22 Water St.; in Gla.sgow, to ALEX. MALCOLM, h St. Enoch Square; in Queenstown, to C. & W. D. SEYMOUR & CO.; in" London, to EIVES & MACEY, 61 King William St.; in Paris to JULES DECODE, 5 Place de la Bourse; in Philadelphia, to JOHN t;. D.4LK, 111 Wiilnut St., or at the Company's OfiBces, JOHN G-. DALE, Agent, 15 Broadway, New York. i\. I STEA.3SJ: Moo(\ miO Otifi jjiinler, No. XIS NASSAU-STREET, Bei. Beelunan & Ann Sfs. NEWSPAPERS, PAMPHLETS, MAGAZINES, POSTERS, HANDBILLS, PROGRAMMES, CIRCULARS, BILL HEADS, LABELS, &C,, And in fact, everything in the line, from the Largest Book to the smallest Card. ALX^ ORDEKS FOK ©ilflfilli ^l^w Mr P /ilT Phi ^iDrt^siiti fill ^t&PJ BXECUTBD WITH DESPATCH ! tMtllAT REDUCTION Ii\ THE PUICIJ OF iiiiii a ii's sriiiiip iiiiiiEi, WELL KN'iiWN TO BE THE BEST FOR MANUFACTURING PURPOSES: No. 1, Standard Shuttle Machine, formerly sold at $90, Reduced to $70. No. 2, " " " formerly sold at $100, Reduced to $75. li tlie be?t Machine ia the woild for Family Sewing and Light Manufacturing Puri-osks; l*iice, {wil/i Hcm- /«e?-, ) and beautitully oioamented, $.'JU. Tlif Nos. 1 and 2 Machines are ofgreit capacity and application for manufacturing purposes. Our Xo. 3 Machines are ospecially adapteii to all liinds of light and heavy iiSather Work, inCariiagc Tiimming, Hoot and Shoe Making, Harness Maliin?, etc., etc. They are of txtra .'*ize, with an arm long e lOugh to talve under it and stitch ibe largest size dashes. There is scarcely any pait of a Tiimmers' stitch- i ig that cannot be better done with them than by hand ; so, too, the saving of time and labor is very great. Tub table of these Machines is 24 inches long,and the shuttle will hold sis times the usual quantity of thread. Tlie large machines woik as last as small one.s. We would ask f >r our Letter A Machines, the special attention of Vest Makers and Dress Makers, and all those who want Machines for light maimfarturing jmrjm^rs. They embody the principles ot the standai d machines, making like thom, the interlocked stitch, and are destined to be as celebrated for Family Sewing and li'^kl manufucturing purposes as our standard machines are for manufacturing purposes in general. We liave alwuvs on hand, HEMMING GUAGES, SILK TWIST, LINEN &. COTTON THREAD, ON SPOOLS, BEST MACHINE OIL IN BOTTLES, ETC., ETC. We minufacture our own Needles, and would warn all persons using our machines not to buy any others. We know that there are needles sold ';/' the in^st inferior r/u'ilitij, at higher jjrices than we charge for the li^st The needles sold by us are manufactured especially for our machines. A had nccdleinay render the best ■Dlichine almost uselesa. Our customers nny rest assured that all our Branch Offices are furnished with the "genuine article," lo case of sm ill purchases, the money may be sent in postage stamps, or bank notes. XM" Correspondents will i)lease write their names distinctly. It is all imi)Ortant that we tbould, in each cise, know the Post OHice, County and Slate. ten" We have made the above REDUCTION IN PRICES with the two-fold view of beneliting the public and ourselves. The i)ub:ic have been swindled by spurious machines made in imitation of ours. The metal i 1 them, from the iron casting to the smallest piece, is of poor (|uality. Their makers have not the means 1 1 do the work well. Tney are hid away in secret places, where it would bj impossible to have at their command the proper mechanical appliances. It is only by doing a great business, and having extensive manulactu' ing establishments, that good macliines can be made at moderate prices. The best designed ma- chines, BADlA' MADE, are always liable to get out of order, aiil are sure to cost considerable trouble and mjney to keep them in repair. Tne qualities to be looked for in a Machine are : certainty of correct action at all rates nf Speed, siriiplicili/ iif cnii.sCructwn, great durabUttti, anil rapidity of op-ratie essential nualitie.', must be made of the best metal a.Qd Jinislied to pTfection. We have the ways and mean.'-, on a grand scale, to do this. Tiie purchasers of Machine?, whoso daily bread it may cDUcern, will find that those having the above •lUililles not only work well at r $1 FER, BOXTX^E. The following well-known remedies can also be obtained at 102 Fulton Street— Jtcv. B. IIibbarir.s Anti-Billoiis Family Tills 1"-J'= anil Zo cents vvv box. K. F. llibbard's Circassian Balm .^^ '^'** I'*"" »0«tle. Coloi-is Capilli Itestitntor ^j"! " lihenniatic JliOtion , 5i5 cts. *' Rev. B. Hibbnrd's Carminative Salve -5 cts. •• A'l the above manufactured and sold, wholesale and retail, by R. F. HIBBARD, 102 Fulton Street, New-York. v-^ :0 rt-A. 33 T^'S 4 Entrance, No. 20 ST. MARK'S PLACE. (8th STREET.) — — » ■» ♦■ The Seventh Regiment Gymnasium is now open to the puMie. TEE,lS^S - $16 00 Per Year. lO 00 Six months 7 00 Three Moiith<« Which entitles the subsci'iber to the free use of the G\inuagium, Running Track, Pal- lors, Reading, Billiards, and Chess Eooras, Hot and Cold Baths, and locker with key, ifee. No extra charge for joining the Classes. 'Jentleraen are invited to call and inspect the institution. ABNER S. BRADY, Proprietor. A. .S. B. will personal]}- attend Classes in Calesthenics and Clyninastics in Schools, Colleges, «fec. %! J\*ov€lty in the JUedical World: ►►- PIEROY'S PATENT PILE PIPE. Thia Pipe, iPcently patented, is an entirely new invention, being a mechanical contrivance for the more convenient and complete application of curative, sedative and lubricating ointment, in the treatment of Piles and other diseases of the rectum : and for these objects it is unsurpassed in simplicity, cleanliness and etticiency of operation. The patient can use it himself without assistance, and children can readily under- stand it and use it without help. It is invaluable in all diseases where applications or ioje3tions are required, but in the treatment of Piles especially, with the proper ointments. The most beueflcial results have followed in every instance, (^ases of long standirg, after trying every other known remedy, and in some instances pronounced hope- Ihss, have experienced immediate relief, and have ultimately been cured. Testimonials from Physicians and others who have used the Pipe can be seen at the oflice of the un- dersigned. 3F»I1.I0E: ode* 3F»H=»E $3. A liberal discount made to Physicians, Druggists, and wholesale and retail dealers generally. Address, HEJ^RY R. PIERCY, 102 Fulton St., N. Y., and 5 Willoughby St., Brooklyn: THE JP^THIOT'S HEFEREE; CONTAIMIXG THE Declaration of Independence, the Original Articles of Confederation, the Constitution of the United States, and Washington's Farewell Address. AM. COMPLETE. AFFORDING TO EVERY ONE A MEANS OF REFERENCE AT ONCE KEMABf.K AND CONVENIENT. Address, Bos 17-% P. o , N. Y. E. N. CARVALHO, Publisher. PROSPECTXTS iiiiiiius IF rii iiiULiii OF" 1861. The xmdorsigned lias the pleasure of intimating that he has maJe arrangements for publishing, in Weekly Parts, of Twenty-Four rages Octavo, Priee Ten Cents, a a W(irk entitled as nhove. Will form a eomplete History of the Secession movement from its commencement, and contain every fact and incident of interest during the campaign. SKETCHES OF THE LIVES OF THE LEADING GENERALS NORTH AND SOUTH will be given, and an epitome of all tbe State and National Documents relating to the great struggle. To render the work a standard of reference in all coming time, it is the intention of the undersigned to give in each part THE MUSTER ROLL OF ONE REGIMENT, who volunteered to fight the battles of their country, and maintain, inviolate, the honor and dignity of our National Flag, and the supremacy of the Constitution and Laws of the United States. Each Muster Roll will be preceded by a narrative of the march of such regiment from its place of enrohnent to the seat of hostilities; iioting with fidelity every oecnrence worth}- of mention, and recording every act of devoted loyalty and heroism from the colonel down to the humblest private. THE MUSTER ROLL OF THE SIXTY-NINTH REGIMENT, N. Y. S. M., WII.I, UK GIVEN IN THE SEC0M1 rAKT, \VHICU WILL Al'PKAK At CU.-^T 17. Determined to spare neither pains nor expense, the undersigned hopes to produce a historic work, which will find its way into every dwelling throughout the land. Great care will be taken in the Literary Department, and the Typography and Paper sliall be of the best class. To all who desire to possess a full and unbiassed description of tbe crisis invoked by secession, this book will be witboiit a compear, whilst its moderate price brings it within the reach of the poorest of our citizens. A limited number of Advertisements will be published on the cover.-;, at moderate charges. EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. ^^^^ New Tor L 1801. JB^- Copyright seciired acr?or<1iug to Act of CoogifSs. FUNSTON & SCOFIELD, 62 JOHN STREET. There is not a loyal man throughout the leugth and breadth of the land who is not persuaded in his own mind that ere the fall fully gets in, Seecessionisin, and with it every trace of rebellion, will be banished from the south. As this most welcome period will be ushered in with great rejoicing, we beg to remind the reader that among those who contribute to the jovous hilarity of festive seasons is the respected lirm ol Messrs. FUNSTUN & SCOFIELD, sole agents for Air. I.ILLIEMOAHI,, that eminent manufacturer of Pyrotechnics. They are constantly supplied with all descriptions of Fire Work-;. Some of the designs of this establishment have earned for them a re.tutation of excellence which may be imitated but cannot be surpassed. From the extensive character of Mr. Lilliendahl's establishment, Messrs. Kuustou i: Sjilleld are prepared at all times to fill orders, and to execute designs with promptness and dispatch. Remember their address, 63 JO|Ii\ STREET, NEW-YORK. A Seasonable and a Healthly Beverage ! *-~«« • •♦— -^ Of the various descriptions and qualities of Ale now produced and put upon the market, that known ai " Flemming's Golden Ale" stands the foremost, and as its excellent qualities become more known, it is more and more in demand, and univer ally appreciated. That we do not e.xaggerate in the classification of this article, ii demonstrated by the fact thai the "Golden Ale" has obtained several first class medals at the State fairs in New-York, the judges pronouncing it in every instance composed of the purest ingredients. Chemical analysists give it as their opinion that this Ale is a decidedly healthy beverage, and such as should find its way into private familie.". It is already sold in wood and in bottles in all the first-class hotels and saloons in this city and throughout the country. ItJ excellent qutlitv for keeping at sea renders it desirab'e for shipping and ship stores. PIERCE IfKEHAX, sole Agent for this Ale, has his Depot at 158 BROADWAY, where it can be had wholesale and retail, in bottle and in wood. We cordially recommend Flemming's Goideo Ale, and advise purc|„^sers to give Mr. Skeban a call. .^ 13 -V £3 zi o? X s Z3 AX'x: ro* a? s . DANIEL CUNNINGHAM, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER IN FOREIGI^T & DOMESTIC if iiiifei^sii^ii'v/ij^MiW m w^MmM' No. 11 James Street, Comer of New Bowery, NEW YORK, VTo. 193 .ll*£j\^rJJE: IS, Corner of 12lh Street, nSTE^W^-^X'ODFtK:. PETEU McQUADJE, VTINE & SPIRIT MERCHANT, Liquors of all kinds, and Cigars of the clioiceit quality at lowe it prices, &T3RBS. 26 CANAL AND 14 ANN STS. STEAM TVEEKLY BETWEEN lEW-fORM Calling at ^uitnstofan, Corfi parior, Irdanb. THE LIVERPOOL, NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA ;TE:^MlMaiP COMiPAKTN FULL POWERED, CLYDE BUILT, IRON SCREW STEAMSHIPS Tons. 360 Captains. Petrie. CITY OF NEW-YORK, CITY OF BALTIMORE, 2367. Jeffrey. City of WASHINGTON, 2380. Brooks City of MANCHESTER, 2109. Jeilard. ETNA, - - - 2215. Kennedy. EDINBURGH, KANGAROO, GLASGOW, - VIGO, - - BOSPHORUS, Tnm. Captains. 2197. Mirehouse. 1874. McGuigan ]962. Roskell 1953. Roskell. 448. Halcroiv. THE UNDERNOTED OR OTHER VESSELS ARE INTENDED TO .SAIL AS FOLLOWS : CITY OF ^\^ASHING^TOISr, Saturday, August 31. G-LASG-O^^^, Satiirday, Sept ember 7 th. CITY OF BALTIMORE, Saturday, Sept. 14:tli. KANOAROO, Saturday, September 21st. AND EVERY SATUKDAY, AT NOON. FROM PIER 44, NORTH RIVER. RATES ©P PASSA^i. First Cabin ^75 First Cabin to London 80 do. to Paris §5 Sleeras:c $30 Stccragre to L.ondon 33 do. to Paris 3S Steerage Return Tickets, g^ood for 6 nionliis, $60. Passeo^ers forwarded to Paris, Havre, Hamburg, Bremen, Rotterdam, Antwerp, &c., at reduced through rates Pwraons wishing to bring out their fripnds can buy tickets here at 1he following rates to New York ; Fao.U L.IV£KPUOJL Oil QUEENSTOWN, FIKST CABIN, §75, »85 and igilOS. STEERAGE FKOM LIVERl'OOL,, §i40; FKOI QUEENSTOWN, *30. These Steamers have superior accommodations for Passengers, and carry esperienced Surgeons. They are built in wtter-tight iron sections, and have patent Fire Annihilators on board. For further information, apply in Liverpool to WM. INMAN, Agent, 22 Water St.; in Glasgow, to ALEX. MALCOLM, 5 St. Enoch Square ; in Queenstown, to C. k W. D. SEYMOUK & CO.; in I.ondon, to ElVES & MACEY, 61 King William St.; in Paris to JULES DECODE, 5 Place de la Bourse; in Philadelphia, to JOHN .DALE, 111 Walnut St., or at the Company's Offices, JOHN Gr. DALE, Agent, 15 Broadway, New York. STEA.1^ ^ooft aab 3oD JJriiUer No. XXS NASSAU-STREET, Bet. geekman & Ann Sts. IIW ^^ NEWSPAPERS, PAMPHLETS, MAGAZINES, POSTERS HANDBILLS, PROGRAMMES, CIRCULARS, BILL HEADS, LABELS, &C., And in fact, everything in the line, from the Largest Book to the smallest Card. ALL Or?DEES FOR ^iaM®iieF¥ & Litiiof rapiimi EXECUTED WITH DESPATCH ! GREAT REDUCTION IN THE PRICE OF siiiii & ei's sriiiiii iiiiiiii, WELL KNOWN TO BE THE BEST FOR MANUFACTURING PURPOSES: No. 1, Standard Shuttle Machine, formerly sold at $90, Reduced to $70. No. 2, " " " formerly sold at $100, Reduced to $75. Is tlii beit Machiue in the world for Family Sewing and Light Manufacturing Purposes: Price, (,witU llem- /7icr,) and beaulilully ornamented, $50. The Nos. 1 and 2 Machines are of grett capacity and application for manufacturing purposes. Our No. 3 Machine< are e.specially adapted to all kinds of light and heavy l,eather Work, in Cariiage Trimming, Boot and Shoe Maliing, Harness Making, etc., etc. They are of extra size, with an arm long e lOugh to take under it and stitch the largest size dashes. There is scarcely an? pait of a Trimmers' stitch- iig that cannot be better done with them than by hand ; so, too, the saving of time and labor is very great. The titble of these Machines is 24 inches long,and the shuttle will hold six limes the ujual quantity of thread. The large macbines work as fast as small ones. We would ask f )r our Lettei" A Machine.'^, the special attention of Vest Makers and Dress Makers, and all those who want JIachines for light mannfarturing purpoi^es. They embody the principles of the standard midlines, making like tliem, the interlocked ftitch, and are destined to be as celebrated for Family Sewing aid li^hl nianufdcturiBg purposes as our standard machines are for manufacturing purposes in general. We liRve always on hand, HEMMING GUAGES, SILK TWIST, LINEN & COTTON THREAD. ON SPOOLS, BEST MACHINE OIL IN BOTTLES, ETC., ETC. We mmufacture our own Needles, and would warn all persons u-iing our michinea not to buy any others. We know that there are needles sold o/' tke m.st inferior quality, at higher prices than we charge for the 6?s< The needles sold by us are manufactu'ed especially for our m:ichines. A bad 7ieedle may render tlie best ■tn ichine almost useless. Our customers m ly rest assured thiit all our Branch Offices are furnished with the "genuine article." In cise of sm ill purchases, the money may be sent in postage stamps, or bank notes. 4®° Correspondents will please write their names distinctly. It is all important that we ehould, in each c ise, know the Post Office, County and State. J^ff- We have made the above REDUCTION IN PRICES with the two-fold view of benefiting the public and Ourselves. The pub ic have been swindled by spuriouj machines made in imitation of ours. The metal ia them, from the iron casting to the smallest piece, is of poo» quality. Their makers have not the means 1 1 do the work well. Tiiey are bid away in secret places, where it would be impossible to have at their command the proper mechanical appliances. It is only by doing a great business, and having extensiTe m inufaclu' log e-'tablishments, that good machines can be made at moderate prices. The best designed ma- chines, BADLY JIADE, are always liable to get out of order, and are sure to cost considerable trouble and mjney to keep them in repair. The qualities to be looked for in a Macjiine are : certainty of correct action at all rates of speed, simplicity of construction, great durability, and rapidity of opnatinn, with, the least labor. Machines to combine these e.«8eatial qualities, must be made of the best metal a,adjinished to pt.rfection. We have the ways and means, on a grand scale, to do this. The purchasers of Machines, whose daily bread it may c3ncerD, will lind that those having the above qualities not only woik well at rapid as well as slow rates of speed, but last long in the finest possible work- ing order. Our machine.*, as made by us, will earn rnore mrmey with less labor than any others whether in imitation of ours or not. In fact, they are cheaper than any other machines as a gift. I. M. SIN GER & CO., 458 Broadway, New York. m. B.^. rnmao^ wito cherrv bitters im f tvxmts Wafeiwss itiid (Sumul irtiUtjj. These celebrated Bitters, which have stood the test of years, are invaluable in the cure of all bil- i )us complaints, such as fever and ague, jaundice, bilious colic, flatulence and dyspepsia, also jalpi- t-Uion of the heart, and dizziness of the head, as well as in 'he hectic fever of scrofuK and consumption. This medicine ia not only a tonic, but is also a sedative, or an anti-spasmodic, and has a tendency to allay nervous irritations and excitability. THE WILD CHERRY BITTERS ARE PREPARED BY UUFUS F. HIBB.4LRO, No. 102 FUI.TON, STREET, IVEW ITOKK, PltlCB 50 CEI^TS >V.3Sri3 $1 FEE, BOTTLE. The following well-known remedies can also be obtained at 102 Fulton Street — Kev. B. Ilibbanrs Aiiti-Bilious Family Pills 12H and 85 cents per box. K. F. Ilibbard's CircaMsinn Balm • -5 cts. per bottle. Coloris Capllli llestitutor §1 " Hheiiniatic LiOtioii , '-^5 cts. " Uev. B. Ilibbard's Cariiiiuative Salve '^5 cts. ♦* A'l the above manufactu'ed and fold, wholesale and retail, by R. F. HIBBARD, 102 Fulton StrQ§t, |^ew-York. IB R. ja. ID^S"' Entrance, No. 20 ST. MARK'S PLACE, (8th STREET.) 0>^■.^■J^^^^^^^.■^^ ^^^^^mi^>^m:>^>Myw^ « ••• The Seventh Ecgiment Gynina.sium is now open to tbe public. ^16 OO Per Year. lO 00 ^. Six moiiili«. 7 00 Three lUoiitlis. Which entitles Ihe subscriber to the free use of the Gymnasium, Running Track, Par- lor.i, Heading, Billiards, and Chess Rooms, Hot and Cold Baths,- and locker with key, -TTTi..-c» TvjadVofr to in« «K in »f imm to «« ^+e JUifS'cP ?^— ■?•■ -*iW» wsfe?^ wnSi ** J- MHrtiKni^ :-<^ 3Vr'Vz