Class 7) Book. J \ Copi#tI°. CDBTRIGH it deposit THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA THE SOURCE, CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPER- TIES, THERAPEUTIC ACTION, DOSAGE, ANTIDOTES AND INCOMPATIBLES OF ALL ADDITIONS TO THE NEWER MATERIA MEDICA THAT ARE LIKELY TO BE CALLED FOR ON PRESCRIPTIONS, TOGETHER WITH THE NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE MANUFAC- TURER OR PROPRIETOR, AND IN THE CASE OF FOR- EIGN ARTICLES, OF THE AMERICAN AGENT. THIRD EDITION REVISED AND ENLARGED. NEW YORK THE DRUGGISTS CIRCULAR 100 William Street 1912 \* b Copyrighted 1912, by The Deuggists Circular. ©CLA327947 PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION. Although it is less than two years since the second edi- tion of The Modern Materia Medica was issued, the addi- tions to the materia medica in that time have been so numerous as to make this revised list a necessity. The present edition contains almost six hundred new items. Many fully known, officially recognized, and obsolete items have been deleted. In its general characteristics this edition does not differ from the preceding one. New York. 1912. in. PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION. In the five years that have elapsed since the first edi- tion of The Modern Materia Medica was issued, the out-put of additions to the materia medica has been no less pro- lific than in the preceding decade. Each number of The Deuggists Circular has contained a list of these newer medicaments. And, with a view of making this informa- tion more readily available, these lists have been embodied in the present edition of The Modern Materia Medica. The additions also include much information obtained from other sources. A new departure in this edition is the statement of the name and address of the manufacturer or proprietor of each medicament described, where such have been obtain- able, and of the agent in this country for each article of foreign origin on sale here. This feature will, we believe, greatly enhance the every-day value of the work as a book of reference at the prescription counter. New York. 1911. -iv. PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. It is practically impossible for the pharmacist of to-day to keep pace with the developments in modern chemistry as regards new remedies. Hundreds and hundreds of new therapeutic agents are introduced and advertised yearly, some meritorious and of permanent interest, others of but passing importance. With a view of affording a source of accurate and un- biased information concerning the newer additions to the materia medica,. The Druggists Circular some time ago began the publication of an extended descriptive list of new remedies, including some older substances newly brought to the attention of the medical profession, and also a number of nutritives specially designed for use by the sick and convalescent. In conjunction with the regular alphabetical continua- tion of the list from one issue to another of the Circular, all the remedial agents that were introduced from time to time during its publication were described in supplemental lists, thus constantly bringing the matter up to date. These lists were completed in the issue for November, 1905. They have since been revised and rearranged, so that all their items appear in continuous alphabetical order, and are now presented in the following pages. It is confidently believed that "The Modern Materia Medica" is the most complete and reliable book of its kind now obtainable and that it will prove a valuable addition to the reference library of the pharmacist. New York. 1906. v. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA ABILENA WATER is an American cathartic water con- taining in each gallon, according to analysis, 8.9 grains of sodium bicarbonate, 10.7 grains calcium bicarbonate, 0.9 grain of iron bicarbonate, 0.5 grain of sodium nitrate, 3229.3 grains of anhydrous sodium sulphate, 71.3 grains of anhydrous magnesium sulphate, 45 grains of calcium sul- phate, 65 grains of sodium chloride and a trace of silica; no ammonia. — Abilena Co., Abilena, Kans. ABRIN (jequiritin) is the active principle of jequirity seed (abrus precatorius). It is a yellowish-white powder, soluble in sodium chloride solution. While extremely poi- sonous when introduced into the circulation, it is believed to be harmless when swallowed. It is used in 1:500,000 solution in place of jequirity infusion, in pannus, chronic conjunctivitis, and the like. Great care should be exer^ cised in handling it; it is very dangerous in the nose, eyes or on wounds. Its solutions should be prepared fresh as wanted. Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germany; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ACERDOL. — A trade name for calcium permanganate. ACETAL fdiethyl-acetal; diethyl-aldehyde; ethylidene- diethyl ether), CH^CH: (OC 2 H 3 ) 2 , occurs as a colorless, volatile liquid of the specific gravity 0.831 at 20° C, of pleasant odor, and agreeable after-taste. It dissolves in about 20 parts of water and 25 of chloroform, and is mis- cible in all proportions with alcohol or ether. It is used as a hypnotic in doses of 2 to 3 fluid drams. — (Nonpro- prietary.) ACETAMIDO-ETHYL-SALICYLIC ACID.— A synonym of oenzacetine. ACETANfSIDIN.— See methacetin. ACETANNIN is an American designation for diaceiyl- tannin or tannigen. ACETMETHYLANILID is the chemical designation of exalgin. ACETOCAUSTIN is a 50 per cent, solution of trichlor- acetic acid, used as a caustic on warts, corns, etc. ACETOFORM is a brand name for acetone-chloroform, a product described under the nonproprietary title chloral- hutynal. Acetoform dusting -powder consists of acetoform 1 part and boric acid 47 parts.—Mf ns. : Eli Lilly & Co. ? In- dianapolis, Ind. 2 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA ACETOL-SALICYLIC ACID ETHER is better known by its trade name of salacetol. ACETOMORPHINE.— See heroin. ACETON (not acetone) is a preparation offered as a headache and grippe remedy. According to government analyses it contains acetanilide, caffeine and sodium bicar- bonate. — Mfr.: Aceton Med. Co., Mystic, Conn. ACETONE-BROMOFORM.— See brometone. ACETONE-CHLOROFORM is chlorbutynal. ACETONE-COLLODION is the same as filmogen, which see. ACETOPHENONE is the chemical name of Kypnone. ACETOPHENONEPHENETIDID.— See malarin. ACETOPYRIN is better known as acopyrin, which see. ACETOTOLUID, ORTHO-, also designated as acetor- tho-amidotoluol, or orthotolyl-acetamide, C 9 H l:l NO, occurs as colorless crystals which are freely soluble in alcohol or ether, and sparingly soluble in water. It is employed as an antipyretic. Dose, 3 to 8 grains. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ACETOTOLUID, PARA-, fparatolylacetamide), occurs as colorless crystals sparingly soluble in water and melting at 151° C. It is used as an antipyretic. Dose, 15 to 30 grains.— Mfr. : E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germany; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ACETOZONE (C 6 H 5 CO.O.O.COCH 3 ), formerly known as benzozone, and chemically definable as benzoyl-acetyl per- oxide, was discovered by Profs. P. C. Freer and F. G. Novy, of tho University of Michigan. In the pure state it forms crystals having a melting-point of 40° to 41° C, dissolves in 1,000 to 10,000 parts of water, 20 of oil, is slightly soluble in alcohol, fairly so in ether or chloro- form, but slowly decomposing in all these solvents except- ing petroleum oil; it is decomposed by contact with alka- lies and organic matter of all kinds. It is marketed only as a 50 per cent, mixture with an inert absorbent powder, which occurs as a light, cream-colored powder of peculiar odor and pungent taste. In the presence of water it gives off H 2 2 by hydrolysis. Acetozone is a germicide that has been used chiefly in typhoid fever, internally, though to some extent also in surgery and gynecology, externally. It is generally used in a solution of 30 grains to the half gallon, the insoluble portion being allowed to settle and the clear liquid decanted; and in this form it is given in- ternally, 2 to 6 ounces every 4 hours. It is also used top- ically in 10 per cent, triturations with boric acid, talcum, etc.; and internally, freely diluted with milk sugar, in capsules, 3 to 5 grains 3 times a day. Its solutions should be kept in the refrigerator. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. ACET-PARA-AMIDO-SALOL, or acet-para-amido-phenyl- salicylate, is salophen. ACET-PARA-PHENETIDIN and ACET-PHENETIN are THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 6 synonyms of phenacetin, a chemical now official as acet- vhenetidin. ACET-THEOCIN-SODIUM (soluble theocin) is theocin sodioacetate, and contains about 60 per cent, of theocin. It occurs as a white powder soluble in about 23 parts of water yielding an alkaline solution from which theocin is precipitated by acids; insoluble in alcohol or ether. It is used as a diuretic. Dose, 3 to 5 grains 2 or 3 times daily, in solution, after meals. Must be kept well-stoppered and in a dry, cool place. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. ACETYLAMIDOAZOTOLUENE — See azodermin. ACETYLATOXYL (sodium acetylaminophenylarsonate) is used in sleeping sickness and other diseases and in the same doses as atoxyl. ACETYL-ORTHOCUMARIC ACID.— See tylmarin. ACETYL-PARAETHOXY-PHENYL-URETHANE. — See t ft Q T 7YL d i 7h ACETYLPARAMIDOPHENOL SALICYLATE.— See salo- phen. ACETYL-PARAOXYPHENYL-URETHANE is marketed as neurodin. ACETYLPHENYLHYDRAZIN, also known as hydracetin and pyrodin, C 8 H 10 N 2 O, occurs as a white, crystalline pow- der, odorless and almost tasteless, readily soluble in alco- hol or chloroform, melting at 129° C, and slightly soluble in water or ether. While possessed also of antipyretic and malgesic action, and hence used to some extent in rheu- matism and febrile affections, acetylphenylhydrazin is now employed chiefly in psoriasis, externally, in 10 per cent, ointments. It is rather toxic. The dose as an antipyretic is % to 3 grains a day; in sciatica and articular rheuma- tism, 3 to 5 grains daily. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ACETYLSALICYLAMIDE, ' also known by the trade name ethrisin or wthrisin, is obtained by causing acetic anhydride to act upon a mixture of salicylamide and gla- cial acetic acid. It occurs as white crystals melting at 143° to 144° C. and readily soluble in alcohol and acetic acid. It is intended for use as an antirheumatic and ano- dyne. — Mfrs.: Kalle & Co., Biebrich-on-Rh., Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. ACETYL-SALICYL-PHENETIDIN is the chemical desig- nation for thermol. ACETYL-SALOL— See spiroform. ACETYL-TANNIN is a synonym of tannigen. ACETYSAL is the trade name adopted for acetosalicylic acid by G. & R. Fritz-Petzold & Suss, Vienna, Austria. ACHIBROMIN is defined, chemically, as mono-bromiso- valeryglycolurea. It occurs as white, glistening scales con- taining 28.5 per cent, of bromine and melting between 150° and 152° C. It is used as a nerve sedative and mild hyp- notic. Dose, 6 to 15 grains. Marketed also as 5^-grain 4 THE MODEBN MATERIA MEDICA tablets. — Mfr.: Dr. Arnold Voswinkel, Berlin, Germ. ACHIIODIN is a chemical analogue of achibromin, io- dine being substituted for the bromine. It crystallizes as small leaflets melting at 150° C, and is intended for use where a combination of iodides and valerian is indicated. Dose, 5 to 15 grains. Marketed also as 5 1 / £-grain tablets. — Mfr.: Dr. Arnold Voswinkel, Berlin, Germ. ACID, ACETYL-METHYLENE-DI SALICYLIC is known in the trade as a-f-sal, formerly urasol. ACID ACETYLPARACRESOTINIC.— See ervasin. ACID ACETYLSALICYLIC is better known as aspirin. ACID, AGARIC, AGARICIC, OR AGARICINIC is pure agaricin. ACID, ALPHA-TOLUIC and ALPHA-TOLUYLIC are synonyms of phenyl-acetic acid. ACID ARSINOSALICYLIC is an organic arsenical oc- curring as colorless needles melting at 300° C,, and easily soluble in warm water and in alcohol, but very slightly soluble in ether. It is intended as a succedaneum for atoxyl as an alterative and antiluetic. — Mfr.: W. Adler, Carlsbad, Germ. ACID BENZOARIC.— -See gallogen. ACID BENZOBORIC is a mixture of 1 part of boric acid and 2 parts of benzoic acid, occurring as a white powder possessing a benzoin-like odor and slightly pungent taste. It is sparingly soluble in water, more freely in alcohol. It is used as an intestinal and vesical disinfectant. Dose, 10 to 20 grains. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ACID, BETA-PHENYLACRYLIC.— See acid, cinnamic. ACID, CACODYLIC, or dime thy Jar senic acid, (CH 3 ) 2 As. O.OH, is an organic compound of arsenic brought to the notice of the medical profession by Prof. A. Gautier in 1897, on account of its relative non-toxicity in spite of its high content in arsenic (54. per cent.). It forms white, odorless crystals, that are soluble in water or alcohol. It has been used in psoriasis, diabetes, leucocythemia, and Basedow's disease, in doses of % to 1 grain 3 or 4 times a day in mixture flavored with syrup of orange and pepper- mint oil. Latterly, cacodylic acid has been largely super- seded by its sodium salt. Its iron, guaiacol, mercury, and quinine salts are also in vogue for special indications. It imparts a garlicky odor to the breath and perspiration. Some authors explain the relative non-toxicity of caco- dylic acid on the score that only 2 or 3 per cent, of it is absorbed, the remainder being eliminated unchanged with the urine. — (Nonproprietary.) ACID, CAMPHORIC, C 10 H lc O 4 , obtained from camphor toy oxidation with nitric acid, is now official. ACID, CARBAZOTIC, is picric acid. ACID, CATHARTIC, in reality a mixture of the calcium, magnesium and potassium salts of cathartinic acid as they exist in senna leaves, occurs as brownish-black granules THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 5 or scales, soluble in water. It is used instead of senna chiefly in children. Dose for a child, l 1 ^ to 3 grains; adults take 2 to 3 times as much. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darm- stadt, Germ. ; agts. : Merck & Co., New York. ACID, CINNAMIC fcinnamylic or beta-phenyhacrylic), C 9 H 8 2 , is prepared synthetically or obtained from storax, balsam of tolu or cinnamon oil. It forms white or yellow- ish leaflets, soluble in alcohol and fatty oils. It was intro- duced some years ago by Landerer as a remedy for phthisis and lupus to be used intravenously or by paren- chymatous injection in 5 per cent, oily emulsion con- taining 0.7 per cent, of sodium chloride, of which 2 to 15 minims were injected two or three times a week. Lat- terly it has been practically superseded by its sodium salt, which is neutral and freely soluble. Hon" a few years ago recommended it internally in phthisis, combined with ar- senous acid and opium extract, in doses of 1/20 to % grain thrice daily. — (Nonproprietary.) ACID CINNAMYLCACODYLIC consists, according to Crinon, of equal parts of cacodylic acid and cinnamic acid. It is intended as an antitubercular and alterative. ACID CREOSOTINIC (acid paracreosotinic), C,H 3 COOH.- CH 3 , occurs as a white to reddish powder, soluble in alcohol and melting at about 151° C. It has been used as an anti- pyretic and intestinal antiseptic. Dose, as antipyretic, 5 to 20 grains; as intestinal antiseptic, % to 1 grain. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ACID DIETHYLBARBITURIC— See veronal. ACID DIIODORICINIC— See frigusine. ACID DIIODOPARAPHENYLARSINYLIC is of golden yellow color, melts at 80° C, and is soluble in hot acetic acid. It is proposed as an alterative similar in effect to atoxvl ACID, DIIODOSALICYLIC, has the composition C 6 H 2 I 2 - (OH)COOH, and occurs as yellowish crystals that are readily soluble in alcohol or ether. It has been employed to a very limited extent as an antipyretic, analgesic and antiseptic, chiefly in rheumatism and gout. The dose is 8 to 20 grains. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.; Merck & Co., New York. ACID, ELLAGIC is the chemical equivalent of gallogen. ACID FILICIC (ftlicin, fllicinic acid), C 8 H s .OH(OC 4 H 7 0)„ is obtained from malefern rhizome, and occurs as a yellow- ish, amorphous powder, soluble in hot alcohol or oils. It is used as an anthelmintic. Dose, 8 to 15 grains, with cal- omel or jalap. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ACID FORMIC 25 PER CENT, is official in the German and Swiss pharmacopoeias. It occurs as a clear, colorless liquid pessessing a sharp acid odor and taste. Though pos- sessing diuretic properties it is employed mainly externally as a counterirritant in rheumatism, applied in 4 per cent. 6 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA dilution of the official article. Dose, 2 to 20 drops, well diluted. (Nonproprietary.) ACID, GLYCER1NOPHOSPHORIC, C 3 H 5 (OH) 2 O.H 2 PO„ is a colorless liquid of the specific gravity 1.125. It was introduced as a directly assimilable nerve tonic, but is now used only in the form of its salts — calcium, iron, potassium, quinine, sodium, strychnine, etc. (See these.) ACID, GLYCOCHOLIC, C 26 H 43 N0 8 , is the principal con- stituent of ox gall, used therapeutically in the form of its sodium salt, which see. ACID GLYCONIC (dextronic or maltonic acid), OH.CH 3 - (CH.OH) 4 .C0 2 H + aq., is an oxidation product of glucose or cane sugar. It occurs as a colorless or yellowish syrupy mass which does not reduce Fehling's solution and is mis- cible with water. It is used, with sodium bicarbonate, in diabetic coma. Dose, 1 to 2 ounces, — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darm- stadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ACID GYMNEMIC, CJl a O Uf is obtained from the leaves of gymnema sylvestris, and occurs as an amorphous, yellow powder possessing an acrid-acidulous taste. It is readily soluble in alcohol, sparingly soluble in water. It is employed for producing a temporary ageusia (tasteless- ness) for sweet as well as bitter substances. A 1 to 5 per cent, solution is used as a mouth-wash, or tea leaves moistened with a 2 per cent, solution are chewed. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ACID GYNOCARDIC (chaulmoogra acid), C 14 H 24 2 , is ob- tained from chaulmoogra oil, the oil of the seed of gyno- cardia odorata. It occurs as fatty masses, melting at about 30° C. and soluble in alcohol. It is used in leprosy, syphilis, tuberculosis and chronic rheumatism. Dose, 1 to 3 grains, in capsules; externally in 5 to 10 per cent, oint- ments. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ACID HYDROCINNAMIC— See acid phenylproprionic. ACID IODIC, HI0 3 , is derived from iodine by oxidation with nitric acid, and appears as a white crystalline pow- der, readily soluble in water, but only slightly soluble in alcohol, ether or glycerin. It is employed externally as a caustic and astringent, and internally as a substitute for potassium iodide and as a hemostatic and anti-emetic in gastric hemorrhage; also used as an oxidizer and a re- agent for morphine. Dose, 1 to 3 grains, well diluted, thrice daily. It is quite poisonous. — (Nonproprietary.) ACID IODO-FORMIC is a solution "each cubic centi- meter of which is equivalent to 1 centigram of formic acid saturated with metallic iodine." It is offered for use by intramuscular injection in syphilis. Dose, 15 minims (1 c.c). Acid iodo-formic dilute represents in every 15 cubic centimeters 1 centigram of formic acid saturated with iodine. It is intended for internal administration. Dose, a tablespoonful with meals or every two to three hours THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 7 — Mfrs.: Anglo-American Pharmacal Co., New York; agts.: E. Fougera & Co., New York. ACID IODOSOBENZOIC, C 6 H 4 .COOH.IO, occurs as yel- lowish leaflets, which melt at 244° C, and are sparingly sol- uble in water. It is offered as a succedaneum for iodoform as a vulnerary. ACID, LARICINIC, is pure agaricin. ACID METHYLENE-CITRYLSALICYLIC. — See nova- spirin. ACID, METHYLENE-DI-SALICYLIC is marketed under the name of formosal. ACID, METHYLENE-HIPPURIC.— See hippol ACID, NAPHTHYLAMINE-SULPHONIC (naphthionic acid J, C 10 H 6 .NH 2 .SO 3 H, was recommended by Prof. Riegler in iodism, in nitrite poisoning ; and in bladder trouble caused by strong alkalinity of the urine. It occurs as a white powder sparingly soluble in water. Dose in iodism, 7% grains half hourly up to 45 grains; in bladder disease, the same quantity in wafers three or four times a day, associated with irrigation of warm 1:1000 solution. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ACID NITROPHENISIC or NITROXANTHIC— See acid picric. ACID NUCLEIC or NEUCLEINIC is an organic acid ob- tained from nuclein by the action of alkalies or by tryptic digestion. It occurs as a white amorphous powder of acid reaction, readily soluble in alkali solutions, slightly solu- ble in water and insoluble in alcohol or ether. It is said to increase the number of white corpuscles and thus to in- crease the system's resistance to infection. Dose, 2 to 5 grains. ' See also nuclein. (Nonproprietary.) ACID, OSMIC, known also as osmium tetroxide and per- osmic acid, Os0 4 „ is prepared by heating finely powdered osmium in oxygen. It occurs as yellow, deliquescent nee- dles; odor pungent and suffocating; and the vapor is strongly irritant to the air passages. Soluble in water; decomposed by alcohol and ether. Used internally, in mus- cular rheumatism and neuralgia; and externally, for the removal of tumors. Employed in microscopy as a stain. Dose, 1/60 grain 3 times a day. Injection, 1/20 to % grain daily in 1 per cent, solution. Incompatible with organic substances, phosphorus, ferrous sulphate and iodides. An- tidotes, inhalation of hydrogen sulphide. — (Nonproprie- tary.) ACID, OXYNAPHTHOIC (Alpha-), also known as naph- tholcarboxyl acid, C 10 H 8 .OH.COOH, appears as white crys- tals that are soluble in alcohol, ether and oils. It is used as an intestinal disinfectant in doses of 1 to 3 grains, and as an antiparasitic externally in 10 per cent, ointments. It is rarely prescribed at the present time. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck fy Co.. New York, 8 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA ACID ; OXYNAPHTHYL-ORTHO-OXYTOLUYLIC is the chemical name of the article marketed as epicarin. ACID, PARA-AMIDOBENZOIC ETHYL ESTER, is a fenyonym of anesthesin. ACID, PARA-AMIDO-BENZOL-SULPHONIC, is com- monly known as sulpha ?iilic acid, which see. ACID, PARA-ANILIN-SULPHONIC— See acid sulpha- nilic. ACID, PEPITZAHOIC is synonymous w T ith perezol which see. ACID, PEROSMIC, is a synonym of osmic acid. ACID, PHENYLACETIC (alpha-toluic or alpha-toluylic acid;, C 6 H 6 CH 2 .COOH, was introduced as an intestinal an- tiseptic and antitubercuiar agent, but is very little heard of now-a-days. It forms white leaflets, soluble in alcohol and ether. Dose, 10 to 15 drops of a 1 in 6 hydro-alcoholic solution three times daily. Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.: agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ACID PHENYL-ETHYL-BARBITURIC— See luminal. ACID PHENYLPROPRIONIC (acid Kydrocinnamic), C e H 5 CH 2 .CH 2 .COOH, forms colorless crystals that melt at 48 to 49° C, and are sparingly soluble in water, but read- ily soluble in alcohol. It is used as an antitubercuiar. Dose, 10 to 30 drops of a 20 per cent, alcoholic solution. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ACID PHENYL-QUINOLINE-CARBONIC.— See atophan. ACID PICRIC (acid picrinic, picronitric, carbazotic, nitroxanthic or nitrophenicic), C 8 H 3 N 3 7 , occurs as yellow- ish, lustrous flat, odorless, bitter crystals, readily soluble in alcohol, ether and chloroform, but slightly soluble in water. It has been used to a small extent internally as an antimalarial and in trichiniasis, but is employed chiefly as an application to burns and erysipelas in 2 per cent, hydroalcoholic solution. Dose, % to 2 grains in solution. It is incompatible with all oxidizable substances, and dan- gerously explosive with sulphur, phosphorus, etc. — (Non- proprietary.) ACID PROPYLO-BARBITURIC is the designation a German competing firm has applied to its make of the product better known by the trade name proponal. — Mfr.: Dr. A. Voswinkel, Berlin W, Germany. ACID QUINIC, C 6 H 7 (OHhCOOH, occurs as colorless prisms, or a wiiite, crystalline powder, readily soluble in water, sparingly soluble in alcohol and almost insoluble in ether. It is used in gout. Dose, 8 grains several times daily. — ( Nonproprietary. ) ACID SALICYLOSALICYLIC— See diplosal. ACID SALOLORTHOPHOSPHINIC is the chemical name of soivosal. ACID SCLEROTINIC is derived from ergot, and occurs as a brownish powder, soluble in water. It is employed as a hemostatic as well as an antiepileptic. Dose, % to 1 THE MODEJiiS MAXEK1A MEDICA 9 grain, once or twice daily. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts..: Merck & Co., New York. ACID SOZOIODOLIC .— See under spzoiodole. ACID, SULPHANILIC (para-anilin-sulphonic or para- amido-benzol-sulphonic acid), NH 2 C 6 H 4 S0 3 H-[-2H 2 0, is ob- tained by heating anilin with fuming sulphuric acid, and appears as white, efflorescent crystals slightly soluble in water but freely so in alcohol. It is used internally in coryza, catarrhal laryngitis, etc. It is also used in 5 per- cent, solution in conjunction with % per cent, solution of sodium nitrite as a test for bile in urine. Dose, 10 to 20 grains once or twice daily, in solution with sodium bicar- bonate. — ( Nonproprietary. ) ACID TANNIC DIACETYLATED.— See tannigen. ACID, TRICHLORACETIC, obtained from glacial acetic acid by the action of chlorine and sunlight, or by the oxi- dation of chloral, is now official. ACID TRINITROPHENIC is picric acid. ACID TUMENOLSULPHONIC— See tumenol. ACID, URIC flithic acid), C 5 H 4 N 4 0, is a normal con- stituent of urine. In the pure state it occurs as white crys- tals, moderately soluble in glycerin, very slightly soluble in water, and insoluble in alcohol or ether. It has been em- ployed by M. Maciel and others in tuberculosis. Dose, 15 grains three or four times a day. — (Nonproprietary.) ACIDOL is a trade name for betaine hydrocloride (ly- cin), C 5 H U N0 2 .HC1. The drug occurs as white crystals, of fruit-acid taste, and readily soluble in water. It contains 23.8 per cent, of hydrochloric acid, and is employed as a substitute for the latter as a digestive. Dose, 8 to 6 grains, well diluted (it is slightly caustic in undiluted form). Marketed also as 8-grain tablets. — Mfrs.: Aktiengesell- schaft fur Anilinfabrikation, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Farben- fabriken of Elberfeld Co., New York. ACIDOL-PEPSIN is a combination of acidol (betaine hy- drochloride) and pepsin in the form of tablets and in- tended for use instead of hydrochloric acid and pepsin where these are indicated at the same time. The strong kind contain, each, 0.4 gram of acidol and 0.1 gram of pep- sin; while the weak tablets each contain 0.05 gram of aci- dol and 0.2 gram of pepsin. — Mfrs.: as above. ACNE BACTERIN.— See under bacterins. ACOIN (di-para-anisyl-monophenetyl-guanidine hydro- chloride) is one of the newer local anesthetics. It appears as a white, odorless, very bitter powder, soluble in 17 parts of water while dissolving freely in alcohol. It is vedy sensitive to alkalies, so that special precautions are necessary in preparing solutions of it, and these are read- ily affected by light. The product has hence not met with much favor. It has been recommended for Schleich's in- filtration anesthesia in 1/10 per cent, solution containing 0.8 per cent, of sodium chloride; and Darier uses it in 1 per cent, solution to render subconjunctival injections 10 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA painless, 1 to 3 drops being added to the medicated solu- tion to be injected (mercury cyanide, etc.). It is now used mostly in conjunction with cocaine on the eyes — Mfrs.: Hey den Chem. Works, Radebeul (Germ.) and New York. ACOIN OIL is a 1 per cent, solution of acoin base in peanut oil, and is used chiefly in eye diseases. ACONITINB is no longer a new remedy, being in fact official in the U. S. P., but so much confusion and lack of definite information regarding it exists in the medical and pharmaceutical professions, that a brief reference to it here appears imperative. There are two distinct modifica- tions of "aconitine" on the market, differing widely in chemical constitution and still more so in physiological activity and toxicity. Amorphous aconitine, the kind sup- plied by wholesale druggists on unspecified orders for "aconitine," is a mixture of the various amorphous bases of aconite, and is only about 1/15 as active as crystalline aconitine. Its dose is 1/60 to 1/15 grain; externally it is used in ^ to 2 per cent, ointments or solutions. The other form of aconitine is the crystalline, a highly potent and poisonous definite alkaloid from aconite, about 15 times as powerful physiologically as amorphous aconitine. Crystal- line aconitine, the official variety, is given in doses of 1/600 to 1/200 grain; it is rarely prescribed in ointments, oleates, or solutions. It is obvious that the use of amor- phous aconitine when the crystalline modification is in- tended by the prescriber will lead to disappointment, while the dispensing of the crystalline when the amorphous variety is meant is fraught with the most serious danger, and may be attended by disastrous results. Hence the ne- cessity of carefully discriminating. The antidotes are tannic acid (3 grains every half hour), atropine and stimu- lants, emetics hypodermically; and artificial respiration is generally resorted to. — (Nonproprietary.) ACOPYRIN (acetopyrin or antipyrin acetyl-salicylate) is a sort of combination of aspirin and antipyrin. It forms a white pjowder of a faint acetic odor, readily soluble in alcohol or chloroform, but very slightly soluble in water; it possesses the reactions of antipyrin and gives a red col- oration with ferric chloride. Acetopyrin, as appears from its composition, is an antipyretic, antineuralgic, and anti- rheumatic, its chief use beng in the last-named capacity. It is advertised as free from the untoward effects of the salicylates and of antipyrin. The dose is 8 to 15 grains singly, and 45 to 90 grains a day, best given in cachets. — Mfrs.: Hey den Chem. Works, Radebeul (Germ), and New York. ACTOL is the name under which silver lactate was in- troduced some years ago, but which has since been aban- doned, as far as this market is concerned, in favor of the plain chemical designation, under which it will be referred to in these columns. THE MODEEN MATERIA MEDICA 11 ADALIN (bromdiethyl-acetyl carbamide), C(C 2 H 6 ) 2 Br- CONH.CONH 2 , is prepared by the action of bromdiethyl- acetyl bromide on urea, and occurs as a nearly colorless and odorless powder melting at 116° C; readily soluble In alcohol, chloroform or ether, but only sparingly soluble in water. It is prescribed as a nerve sedative and mild hyp- notic. Dose, 5 to 15 grains, with cold water. Supplied also as 5-grain tablets in packages of 25. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabri- ken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. ADAMON is dibromdihydrocinnamic acid borneol ester, or borneol dibromdihydrocinnamate, C 6 H 5 . (CHBr) 2 .CO.O.- C 10 H 1T . It occurs as a white, nearly odorless, almost taste- less, neutral, crystalline powder. It contains about 35 per cent, each of bromine and borneol, melts at about 73° C, is insoluble in water, but dissolves readily in ether or chloro- form. It is brought forward as a nerve sedative. Dose, 8 to 12 grains. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elber- feld (Germ.) and New York. ADENOCHROM is defined as the coloring matter of the suprarenal glands, having a large sulphur content and in- tended for use in gout. Dose, V 2 to 1% grains. ADHESOL is a solution of 350 parts of copal, 30 parts of benzoin, 30 parts of tolu balsam, 20 parts of oil of thyme, and 3 parts of alpha-naphthol, in 1000 parts of ether, recommended as an antiseptic paint in treating diphtheritic sore-throat, tuberculous ulcers, etc. ADIPOL is an ointment base said to be capable of tak ing up 30 per cent, of its weight of water. It is marketed in two forms, white and yellow, the latter being intended for veterinary practice. ADONIDIN is a glucoside obtained from adonis ver- nalis. It is an amorphous, light-brown, extremely hygro- scopic powder of intensely bitter taste; soluble in water or alcohol, insoluble in ether or chloroform. It is employed therapeutically as a cardiac tonic and mild diuretic espe- cially in mitral and aortic regurgitation. It is used also in nicotine poisoning and chronic diffuse nephritis. Dose, 1/16 to *4 grain four times daily, as tablet-triturate or in solution with a little chloroform and ammonium carbon- ate (Stern); maximum dose % grain. Its antidotes are the same as those of digitalin. Mfr.: E. Merck, Darm- stadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ADRALGIN is a combination of thymol, cocaine and adrenalin (epinephrine), marketed by a Swiss firm in am- puls, and used as a local anesthetic. A dental and a surgi- cal adralgin are offered. ADRENALIN is the brand name adopted by Parke, Da- vis & Co., Detroit, for the active principle of the suprare- nal gland, herein described under epinephrine. [The U. S. Circuit Court of Appeals has sustained Dr. J. Takamine's patents on the active principle of the suprarenal capsule. — Ed.] ADRICAINE is a dental anesthetic tablet containing 12 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA adrin 1/100 grain and cocaine hydrochloride 1/10 grain — Mfrs.: H. K. Mulford Co., Philadelphia, Pa. JE names look for under E. ADRIN, a brand of epinephrine, has been withdrawn from the market and replaced by a "purified extract of adrenal gland," standardized physiologically so as to cor- respond to 4 per cent, of epinephrine and therefore has about four times the strength of official desiccated supra- renal gland. — Mfrs.: H. K. Mulford Co., Philadelphia, Pa. AFERMOL is the dry serum of the blood of horses. It is used as a dusting powder on purulent wounds. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. AFRIDOL is described as being rn,ercury and sodium or- thotoluylate, or sodium oxymercuri-orthotoluylate, a sub- stance containing about 50 per cent, of mercury combined in nonionizable form with carbon. It forms the basis of afridol soap, containing 4 per cent, of afridol, and used in parasitic skin diseases and for hand disinfection. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. A-F-SAL is the new cognomen applied to the article for- merly marketed under the trade name urasol, and stated to be, chemically, acid acetylmethylenedisalicylic; "a com- pound formed by rearrangement of the molecules of acetic acid, formaldehyde and salicylic acid, and known by the abbreviation of these three names into the word a-f-sal.; a colloidal rather than crystalline, yellowish-white pow- der, insoluble in 1-per cent, hydrochloric acid." It is exploited as an antirheumatic. Dose, 90 to 120 grains in the course of a day. — Mfrs.: Organic Chem. Mfg. Co., Fort Washington, Pa. AGAR-AGAR is a substance extracted in the East Indies from various seaweeds. It consists chiefly of gelose, and is odorless and tasteless, insoluble in cold water but solu- ble in hot water. Up to quite recently it was used only as a culture medium analogous to gelatin. Latterly it has been employed as a demulcent and for the treatment of constipation; it absorbs water in the stomach and intes- tines and forms a jelly, which being indigestible increases the bulk of the feces. Dose, 75 to 240 grains, administered in substance coarsely comminuted and mixed with food. — ( Nonproprietary. ) AGAR-LAC Tablets "contain 4% grains of agar-agar with lactic ferments and y 2 grain of phenolphthalein." They are used as a laxative. Dose, 2 to 6 tablets per day. — Mfrs.: Agar-Lac, Inc.; agts.: E. Fougera & Co., New York. AGARASE is the name applied to tablets said to contain agar-agar and Bulgarian lactic-acid bacilli culture. The article is intended for use as an antizymotic and bacteri- cide in gastro-intestinal affections. Marketed only as tab- THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 13 lets, the dose of which is 3 with each meal. — Mir.: F. Uhlmann-Eyraud, Geneva, Switzerland. AGARICIN, in the pure state identical with agaricic, agaricinic, or laricic acid, and also known as laricin, is the active constituent of white agaric (polyporus officin- alis, boletus laricus). It occurs as a white or yellowish powder almost insoluble in water but soluble in alcohol or alkali solutions. It is recommended as a remedy for the night-sweats of phthisical subjects. Dose, % to 1 grain; maximum dose, iy 2 grains. (Nonproprietary.) AGNIADIN is a glucoside recently introduced as a rem- edy for intermittent fever. It is believed to be identical with plumiarid. Dose, 2 to 4 grains. AGOPYRIN is an influenza remedy marketed in tablets containing 0.025 gram each of cinchonine sulphate and ammonium chloride, and 0.25 gram of salicin. AGURCARINA is a trade name for saccharin. AGURIN is the terse name for the obromine-s odium and sodium acetate, C 7 H 7 N 4 2 Na+NaC 2 H 3 2 . It occurs as a white, hygroscopic alkaline powder, containing 60 per cent, of theobromine, readily soluble in water and decom- posed by acids, including atmospheric carbonic acid. It is incompatible also with saccharin, mucilaginous liquids and most of the alkaloidal reagents. It is employed as a pure diuretic said to be without action upon the heart — chiefly in dropsy of cardiac origin. Dose, 5 to 15 grains three or four times a day, usually in peppermint water, or as capsules or tablets. It must be kept securely stoppered and in a dry place, and its solutions freshly prepared. Rubbed with chloral hydrate, carbolic acid or piperazin, agurin yields a mass. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elber- feld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. AIODIN (aiodin) is an odorless and tasteless dry prep- aration of the thyroid gland, 1 part of which represents 10 parts of the fresh gland and contains 0.4 per cent, of io- dine. It is marketed also in 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 gram pastils, and is used in myxedema, cretinism, obstinate psoriasis, etc. AIROFORM is an old synonym of airol. AIROL, formerly marketed also as airoform and airo- gen, is bismuth oxyiodogallate. It results from the action of hydriodic acid upon bismuth subgallate or of gallic acid upon freshly-precipitated bismuth oxyiodide. It is a gray- ish-green, very bulky, impalpable, odorless, insoluble pow- der, containing 20 per cent, of iodine. Its principal em- ployment is as in an odorless substitute for iodoform in wounds, ulcers, abscesses, burns, etc., but it is also used in various ocular, naso-pharyngeal, gynecological, and vene- real diseases. It has a strong drying action which is wanting in iodoform. It is prescribed pure or mixed with talcum, boric acid, and the like; also in 5 to 20 per cent ointments, pastes, or suspensions (in equal parts of glyc- erin and water). Airol should be kept in a dry place and 14 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA away from light. It is incompatible with calomel, tending to form red mercuric iodide therewith. — Mfrs.: Hoffmann- La Roche Chem. Works, Basle, Switzerland, and New York. AJACOL is described under guaetliol, with which it is identical. AKARALGIA is a granular effervescent laxative, anti- rheumatic and analgesic, based on a favorite prescription of Dr. B. K. Rachford for migraine. Each full dose rep- resents dried sodium sulphate 30 grains, sodium salicylate from natural ("true") salicylic acid 10 grains, magnesium sulphate 50 grains, lithium benzoate 5 grains and tincture nux vomica 3 minims. — Mfrs.: Wm. S. Merrell Chem. Co., Cincinnati, O. ALBARGIN (gelatose-silver) is a compound of gelatose with silver nitrate, occurring as a voluminous, yellowish powder containing from 13 to 15 per cent, of silver and readily soluble in water. It is incompatible with tannin and 'chlorides. Its chief employment is in gonorrhea, though it is also used in infectious eye diseases, bladder trouble, and membranous colitis; usually in 0.1 to 0.2 per cent, solutions, though sometimes a 2 per cent, solution is prescribed, or 10 to 20 per cent, glycerin solutions. It is marketed only in 3-grain tablets. Distilled water should preferably be used in making solutions, and these should be dispensed in dark-amber or black bottles. If ordinary water is used, the water should gradually be added to the albargin with gentle shaking, and not the reverse lest the solution become turbid. — Mfrs.: Farbwerke, Hoechst-on-M., Germ.; agts.: V. Koechl & Co., New York. ALBIODINE is a 12^ per cent, solution of iodine in a glycerin base. It is claimed to be neutral, soluble in water, non-irritating and without action on starch. It is em- ployed as a succedaneum for the alkali iodides, hypoder- mically, internally or endermically. — Mfr.: Dr. J. L. Mar- bourg, Seattle, Wash. ALBOLENE is a refined white petrolatum marketed by McKesson & Robbins, of New York. Liquid albolene is a colorless and odorless liquid petrolatum. ALBULACTIN is the British trade name for what is known on this market as lactalbumin. See the latter title. ALBUMOZO is said to contain 88.48 per cent, of casein, 2.57 per cent, of fat and 8.95 per cent, of mineral sub- stances, among them being phosphate. ALBUMIN TANNATE EXSICCATED.— See tannalbin. ALCHO is a trade name for aluminium carbonate. ALCOHOL, AMYLIC, TERTIARY.— See amylene hy- drate. ALCOHOL, CETYLIC, also known by the trade name of cethol (ethol) and the chemical designations normal pri- mary hexadecyl alcohol and palmityl alcohol, though not a new product has only in recent years come to the fore as a skin emollient in chaps, prurigo, and weeping ecze- THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 15 ma. It forms white crystals soluble in alcohol and ether. It is generally used mixed with Doric acid in proportions varying from equal parts to 1 in 5. It is derived from spermaceti by saponification with potash. — Mfrs.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ., and others. ALCOHOL OINTMENT is said to consist of 75 per cent, of alcohol with 25 per cent, of a potash soap, made into a solid mass by addition of calcined magnesia. It is in- tended for surgical use as a disinfectant. ALCOHOL-SILVER OINTMENT consists of 0.5 per cent, of collargol, 70 per cent, of alcohol, soda soap, wax and a little glycerin, and is recommended by Lowe as the best form for using colloidal silver (collargol), because the hy- peremia caused by the alcohol considerably increases the absorbing power of the skin and thus enhances and has- tens the action of the drug. It is used in infectious in- flammations, old ulcers of the leg, severe burns, chronic eczema, etc. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik "Helfenberg," Helf en- berg, Germ.; agts.: Reinschild Chem. Co., New York. ALDOGEN is a preparation said to consist of paraform and calcium chloride, which liberates formaldehyde on con- tact with water. It is recommended as a convenient means for generation of formaldehyde for fumigation. ALEUDRIN is the trade name adopted for dichloriso- propyl alcohol caroamic acid ester, an article occurring as a white, odorless, crystalline powder, readily soluble in alcohol, ether or chloroform, but sparingly soluble in water. It is used as a nerve sedative and soporific. Dose, 7^ to 15 grains. — Mfr.: Dr. Bruno Beckmann, Berlin, Germ. ALEURONAT is a by-product in the manufacture of wheat starch, introduced as a diabetic flour. Mfr.: R. Hundhausen, Hammi, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. ALEXINE is a synonym of tuber culocidin (Klebs). ALGIDINE is the name adopted to designate an inor- ganic poultice composed of kaolin, combined with glycerin and eucalyptol, menthol, thymol and boroglyceride. — Mfr.: Wm. S. Merrell Chem. Co., Cincinnati, O. ALGINOIDS are metallic salts of alginic acid, C 76 H 80 N 2 - 22 , discovered by Stanford some years ago. Only the iron alginoid or alginate (algiron) has been used therapeuti- cally. In the dry state this is a brown, tasteless, insolu- ble powder, containing about 11 per cent, of iron, and rec- ommended by the introducer as an easily assimilable and non-irritating hematinic in doses of 2 to 10 grains. The trade name algiron has latterly been adopted for it. — Mfrs.: Evans, Sons, Lescher & Webb, Liverpool (Eng.) and New York. ALGIRON. — See under alginoids. ALKASAL is the name applied to aluminium and potas- sium acetate, used as an antiseptic and astringent. — Mfrs. : Athenstaedt & Redeker, Hemelingen, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. 16 ?HE MODERN MATEK1A MEDIC A AJLKASGDYL is another brand name for sodium cacody- late. — Mfr.: Apotheker Wewiorski, Vienna, Austria. ALKATHYPTOL ( liquor eucalypti compositus alkalinus) is an alkaline solution analogous to the National Formu- lary Liquor Antiseptteus Alkalinus. — Mfrs.: John Wyeth & Bro., Philadelphia, Pa. ALKAVENA is an alkaline digestive elixir each fluid ounce of which is said to represent avena sativa 8 grains, hydrastis 8 grains, xanthoxylum 8 grains, ginger 4 grains, gentian 4 grains, and sodium bicarbonate 4 grains. Dose. 1 to 4 fluid drams. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. ALLOPHANATES of a number of organic substances are described by Dr. Overlach as valuable additions to the materia medica. Allophanic acid, NH 2 .CO.NH.CO, is with- out therapeutic action but possessing the peculiar chemical property of combining with certain liquid drugs to form dry compounds, which are claimed to be devoid of the disagreeable taste, odor or irritating properties of the active constituents in the free state. In the system allo- phanic acid is split up into carbonic acid and urea. — Mfrs.: Zimmer & Cq., Frankfort-on-M., Germ.; agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. ALLOSAN is the allophanic acid ester of santalol, or santalol allophanate, containing 72 per cent, of santalol. It is offered as a tasteless succedaneum for oil of sandal- wood. (See also the article on allophanates.) — Mfrs.: Zim- mer & Co., Frankfort-on-M., Germ.; agts.: C. Bischoff & Co. ; Inc., New York. ALLYL SULPHOCARBAMIDE is a synonym of thiosin- amine. ALLYLSULPHOCARBAMIDE (THIOSINAMINE) BIS- MUTH TRIIODIDE is described as a chemical com- pound of thiosinamine and bismuth triiodide, having the formula (C 3 H 5 )N,H 3 CS.Bil3. The drug is red, resinous in appearance; it is insoluble in water and weak mineral acids, and decomposed gradually by weak alkalies. It is soluble in alcohol, ether or chloroform with decomposi- tion. It is introduced as a succedaneum for thiosinamine, with less irritating action on the mucosae. Dose, 1 to 2 grains during the day with meals, as triturates named "cirrholysin," each of which contains 1/10 grain of the drug. — Mfrs.: Anglo-American Pharmaceutical Co.; agts.: E. Fougera & Co., New York. ALOIN-FORMAL. — See formaloin. ALOKATHOL is a liquid tonic and stomachic, contain- ing calisaya, cascara, kola, bitter orange peel, gentian, pepsin, iron and aromatics. Dose, a teaspoonful. — Mfrs.: Tilden Co., New Lebanon, N. Y. ALOPHEN pills are said to be a combination of aloin, strychnine, extract of belladonna leaves, powdered ipecac, and phenolphthalein. They are employed as a laxative.— Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDTCA 17 ALPHA-BROMISOVALERIANIC ACID ESTER.— See eubornyl. ALPHABROMISOVALERYLAMINOACETPARAPHENE- TIDIN forms fine white needles melting at 155 to 156° C. It is credited with possessing antirheumatic, sedative, and hypnotic properties. Dose, 8 to 15 grains. ALPHA-GUAIACOL is synthetic crystalline guaiacol. ALPHA-NAPHTOL SALICYLATE, or ALPHA-NAPH- TOL SALICYLIC ACID ESTER, is better known as ah phol, which see. ALPHOL (alpha-naphtol salicylate, or alpfia-napMol sal- icylic acid ester), C 6 H 4 (OH)COO.C 10 H 7 , results from heat- ing alpha-naphtol-sodium and sodium salicylate with phos- phorus oxychloride. It is a reddish-white crystalline pow- der, soluble in alcohol, ether, and fatty oils. It is em- ployed as an internal antiseptic in gonorrheal cystitis, summer diarrheas, typhoid fever, etc., and in rheumatism, Dose, 1 to 15 grains several times daily. It is prone to darken with age and exposure. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darm- stadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ALPHOZONE is the trade name applied to succinic per- oxide or disuccinyl peroxide (COOH.CH 2 .CH,,CO) 2 2 - The article occurs as a white fluffy powder, having a charac- teristic taste that is described as not unpleasant in dilu- tions, soluble on agitation in 30 parts of water, stable, and non-explosive. It is employed as a germicide and antisep- tic; externally on wounds or ulcers, in tonsilitis, leucor- rhea, etc.; internally in typhoid fever, infectious diarrhea, abnormal fermentation and like intestinal disturbances. Dose, 1 grain. Marketed also as 1-grain tablets, which are used not only internally, but also for preparing disinfect- ant solutions (1 tablet in 2 fl. oz. water). — Mfrs.: F. Stearns & Co., Detroit, Mich. ALSOL is a trade name for aluminium acetotartrate, as made by Athenstaedt & Redeker, Hemelingen, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. Also marketed as 50-per cent, solution. ALSOL CREAM is an antiseptic vulnerary ointment containing as its medicinally active ingredient aluminium acetotartrate. — Mfrs.: Athenstaedt & Redeker, Hemelingen, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. ALUMFORMASAL is the aluminium salt of methyiene- disalicylic acid (formasal), used chiefly as an astringent dusting powder in naso-pharyngeal catarrh and ozena. Mfrs.: Organic Chem. Co., Fort Washington, Pa. ALUMINIUM ACETOFORMATE, BASIC— See form- p^ton ALUMINIUM ACETOTARTRATE, also known as alsol, is an astringent and disinfectant employed in % to 2 per cent, solutions as a nasal douche in affections of the re- spiratory tract, in 1 to 3 per cent, solutions as a substitute for solution of aluminium acetate, in concentrated solution as a lotion in frost-bite and balanitis, and as a snuff with 18 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A boric acid in ozena. It occurs as colorless or yellowish crystals, freely but exceedingly slowly soluble in water, and insoluble in alcohol and ether. — (Nonproprietary.) ALUMINIUM CARBONATE, A1 2 (C0 3 ) 3 , also known as alcho, it was hitherto impossible to prepare in a way that it would not immediately become decomposed into alumin- ium hydrate and carbon dioxide. Gawalowski has now succeeded in making a stable carbonate. This occurs as a chalky, white, readily pulverizable, tasteless substance, and has been recommended as a mild styptic, astringent, and antidiarrheal, in hematemesis, excessive perspiration, skin diseases, etc., analogously to aluminium acetate, burnt alum, etc. Dose, 5 to 15 grains. ALUMINIUM CASEINATE is a product obtained by add- ing solution of aluminium acetate to milk freed from al- bumin and sterilized. It forms a yellowish, tasteless, in* soluble powder, and is employed as an intestinal astrin- gent. Dose, 3 to 5 grains. ALUMINUM CHLORATE NEUTRAL.— See Prophylac- ticum Mallebrin. ALUMINIUM GALLATE is described under gallal. ALUMINIUM NAPHTHOLSULPHONATE.— See alum- nol. ALUMINIUM SALICYLATE, (C 6 H 4 .OH.COO) 6 .Al 2 +3H 2 0, also known by the trade name salumin, occurs as a red- dish-white powder, insoluble in water or alcohol but solu- ble in alkalies and ammonia. It is prescribed as a dust- ing-powder in nasal and laryngeal catarrhs, particularly in ozena. — Mfrs.: Riedel & Co., Berlin, Germ., and New York. ALUMNOL (aluminium beta-naphtol-disulphonate), [C 10 - H 5 .0H.(S0 3 ) 2 ] 3 A1 2 , is obtained by the interaction of barium beta-nap htol disulphonate and aluminium sulphate; a white powder, readily soluble in water or glycerin but sparingly soluble in alcohol. Its action is that of an as- tringent antiseptic, and it is used chiefly in gonorrhea of women (1 per cent, solution), leucorrhea (in 1 to 5 per cent, solutions), as a dusting-powder in the nursery (1:4 to 1:9 of talcum or starch), and in abscesses (10 per cent, solution). It has also been employed in nose-bleed- ing, certain inflammatory skin diseases, purulent wounds, etc. Its aqueous solutions are incompatible with alkaline liquids, solutions of ammoniacal compounds, or silver salts. — Mfrs.: Farbwerke, Hoechst-on-M., Germ.; agts.: V. Koechl & Co., New York. ALYPIN is a new substitute for cocaine hydrochloride as a local anesthetic. According to Drs. E. Impens and F. Hofmann, it is equally active but less toxic than cocaine, causes no mydriasis nor vaso-constriction (on the con- trary, vaso-dilatation), and its solutions bear boiling for about five minutes without decomposition. Chemically it is defined as benzoxydimethylaminomethyldimethylamino- butane hydrochloride. It is a white, crystalline, hygro- THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 19 scopic, bitter powder, melting at 169° C, and freely- soluble in water and alcohol, yielding neutral solutions that can be sterilized by boiling for not over five minutes. Alypin is employed mostly in 2 to 4 per cent, solutions, just like cocaine hydrochloride. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of El- berfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. ALYPIN NITRATE is intended for use instead of alypin in combination with silver nitrate, in which case the hydro- chloride salt would be incompatible. It occurs as a white, crystalline powder melting at 159° C, readily soluble in water, alcohol and chloroform, and sparingly soluble in ether.— Mfrs. : Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld, (Germ.) and New York. AMBROSAN is a nutritive preparation said to consist of wheat-flour, cocoa, sodium chloride, hemaglobin, and lecithin. AMENYL is defined as methylhydrastimide hydrochlo- ride, C i2 H 24 N 2 5 .HCl, and occurs as yellow needles soluble In hot water. It is intended for use in amenorrhea and other menstrual disturbances. Dose, % to 1% grains twice daily. — Mfrs.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. AMIDIN. — See holocaine. AMIDOAZOTOLUOL (amidoazotoluene) MEDICINAL is a pure grade of this azo dye, which Dr. Hayward con- siders the active constituent of scarlet red which has lately been found therapeutically serviceable and which is said to be the active ingredient of Prof. Schmieden's Scarlet R ointment. It occurs as a reddish-brown, crystalline pow- der, which turns yellow when rubbed up in a mortar. It is used in 5 to 10-per cent, ointments on suppurating wounds, cancerous growths, etc. — Mfrs.: Actiengesellschaft fur Anilinfabrikation, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. AMIDOAZOTOLUOL DUSTING POWDER is said to consist of amidoazotoluol, zinc peroxide, and bismuth sub- nitrate. AMIDO-PARA-PHENETIDIN ACETYLSALICYLATE.— See aspirophen. AMIDO-PARA-PHENETIDIN CITRATE.— See citrocoll. AMIDOPHENACETIN ACETYLSALICYLATE.— See as- pirophen. AMIDOPYRIN is the same as pyramidon. AMIDOPYRINE BUTYRATE is an analogue of trigemin. AMIGRINE is defined as magnesium acetyls alicylate or acetylorihooxyoenzoate. It is intended for use as an ano- dyne and antirheumatic. Dose, 5 to 15 grains. AMINOFORM is one of the many trade names for hexa- methylenetetr amine. — Agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. AMMONIO-FORMALDEHYDE is one of the many syn- onyms of hexamethylenetetr amine. AMMONIUM EMBELATE, NHAHjA. is the ammonium 20 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA salt of the acid contained in the fruit of embella ribes. It is a grayish-violet powder, soluble in diluted alcohol. It is used as a teniafuge, chiefly in children, in the dose of 3 grains with syrup or honey, preceded for three days by a milk diet and followed by a dose of castor oil. — Mfrs.: B. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. AMMONIUM FLUORIDE was recommended a few years ago by Dr. Lucas in enlargement of the spleen, and later also in goiter and flatulent dyspepsia. It is given in doses of ^4 to % grain after meals, either in pills, or (more fre- quently) well diluted in solution (10 grains in 6 oz.; a teaspoonful to a tablespconful for a dose). Only the pur- est, medicinal or arsenic-free quality should be dispensed on prescriptions. — ( Nonproprietary. ) AMMONIUM ICHTHYOLSULPHONATE.— See ichthyol. AMMONIUM SULPHOICHTHYLOATE.— See ichthyol. AMMONOL is a composite antipyretic and analgesic, consisting, according to reports from the chemical labora- tory of the American Medical Association, essentially of acetanilid, 50 parts, sodium bicarbonate, 25 parts, ammo- nium carbonate, 20 parts, and traces of mentanil yellow. It forms a white powder, only partly soluble in cold water or alcohol. When rubbed dry with resorcin, thymol, car- bolic acid, or chloral hydrate, it yields a mass or a liquid, according to the proportions used. Dose, 5 to 15 grains. — Mfrs.: Ammonol Chem. Co., New York. AMMO-PHENIN is an "ammoniated phenylacetamide" — a mixture analogous to ammonol, antikamnia, etc. Dose, 5 to 10 grains. — Mfrs.: Ammo-phenin Chem. Co., St. Louis, Mo. AMOLIN is an antiseptic and deodorant which, accord- ing to analyses in the chemical laboratory of the American Medical Association, is said to consist of 99 per cent, of boric acid with about 1 per cent, of thymol. — Mfrs.: Amo- lin Chem. Co., New York. AMOPHEN is another of the numerous acetanilide mix- tures exploited as an anodyne. It is stated to be a mix- ture of ammonium chloride, acetanilide, camphor, caffeine and sodium bicarbonate. — Mfrs.: Geo. H. Duell, Kittan- ning, Pa. AMYL SALICYLATE was recently brought to the fore as a remedy in acute and subacute rheumatism by a French physician, Dr. M. B. Lyonnet, under the name amylenol. It is a faintly yellowish liquid of salol-like odor; soluble in alcohol, ether, or chloroform, but insolu ble in water. Externally 30 to 45 minims are painted on the affected joint and this dressed with impervious mate- rial so as to prevent too rapid evaporation; internally 30 minims are given in the course of a day, in capsules gen- erally. According to Henon, it also acts well applied ex- ternally in hepatic colic. — (Nonproprietary.) AMYL VALERATE, C 10 H a0 O 2 , is the iso-valerianic ester of iso-amyl alcohol; a colorless liquid having when diluted THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 21 an odor of apples. It is soluble in alcohol, chloroform or ether, insoluble - in water. Its specific gravity at 15° C. is about 0.858. It has been used in the treatment of gall stone colic. Dose, 3 to 6 minims in capsules, three times daily. — ( Nonproprietary. ) AMYLENE CARBONATE.— See aponal. AMYLENE HYDRATE, chemically known also as ter- tiary amyl alcohol and dimethyl-ethyl-caroinol, is a light, colorless, oily, hygroscopic liquid, of ethero-camphor- aceous taste and odor, soluble in about 8 parts of water and miscible with alcohol, ether, or chloroform in all proportions. It was introduced by Prof, von Mering as a hypnotic and a nerve sedative, half as powerful as chloral hydrate and claimed to be less dangerous. Dose, 30 to 90 minims, usually prescribed in aqueous solution with extract of licorice. — (Nonproprietary.) AMYLENOL is a French name applied to amyl salicy- late. AMYLOFORM is a condensation product of starch and formaldehyde, occurring as a white, odorless, insoluble powder. It is recommended as a surgical antiseptic, pure or in mixtures with boric acid, etc., just like iodoform. — Mfr.: Ludwig W. Gans, Frankfort-on-M., Germ. ANADOL is a pulverulent antipyretic and analgesic of undivulged composition. According to an analysis made in the laboratory of the American Medical Association, the product consists essentially of acetaniiid 79 per cent., caf- feine 1 per cent, and sodium bicarbonate 20 per cent. Dose, 5 to 10 grains. Marketed also as 5-grain tablets. ANJE names look for under ane. ANALGEN is better known on this market as quinalgen and will be described under the latter head. ANALGESINE is one of the numerous synonyms of antipyrin. ANALGESINE CAFFEINO-CITRATE is migrainin. ANALGINE is Mulford's compound acetanilide powder. Each ounce contains acetanilide 219 grains, extract can- nabis indica 11 grains, extract hyoscyamus 22 grains, so- dium bicarbonate 22 grains, sodium salicylate 22 grains, camphor monobromated 22 grains, caffeine 2iy 2 grains and aromatic powder, q. s. — Mfrs.: H. K. Mulford Co., Phila- delphia, Pa. ANALGOS is a dental local anesthetic consisting essen- tially of 2 parts each of thymol, menthol, phenol, aspirin, and sodium chloride, and 1 part of cocaine hydrochloride, dissolved in 189 parts of dilute alcohol. — Mfr.: C. Stephan, Dresden, Germ. ANARCOTINE— See narcotine. ANASARCIN Tablets are 7-grain tablets each represent- ing scillipicrin 1 grain, extract oxydendron arboreum % grain, extract sambucus canadensis % grain, and em- ployed as a diuretic. — Mfrs.: Anasarcin Chem. Co., Win- chester, Tenn. 22 THE MODEEN MATERIA MEDICA ANEDEMIN is the name applied to chocolate-coated tablets said to contain "the active principles of strophan- thus, squill and apocynum, with sambucus as adjuvant/' The article is advertised as a diuretic. — Mfrs.: Anedemin Chem. Co., Winchester, Tenn. ANEMONIN or Pulsatilla camphor, C 10 H 8 O 4 , occurs as yellowish-white crystals, insoluble in water or cold alco- hol, and employed as an antispasmodic and anodyne in asthma, whooping cough, dysmenorrhea, etc. Dose. ^4 to 1 grain twice daily; maximum dose, l 1 /^ grains. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ANESTHAINE is a local anesthetic, "each fluid ounce of which contains 5 grains of stovaine with synergistic antiseptics in a sterile and ready-to-use solution." — Mfrs.: Abbott Alkaloidal Co., Chicago, 111. ANESTHESIN is chemically para-amidobenzoic acid ethyl ester or ethyl amidobenzoate, C 6 H 4 .NH 2 .CO(OC 2 H 5 ), 1:4; a white, odorless, tasteless powder, sparingly solu- ble in water, but readily soluble in alcohol, ether, chloro- form, fats or oils. Prof. C. v. Noorden recommends it as a local anesthetic and sedative in gastric hyperesthesia, ulcer or cancer of the stomach, and dysphagia; and it is also used locally in laryngeal tuberculosis, painful hemor- rhoids, etc. It is applied pure or mixed with an inert powder, in ointment, alcoholic or ethereal solution, or emulsion, or as suppositories and bougies. Dose, 4 to 8 grains two or three times a day, on an empty stomach, or % or % grain more frequently (in laryngeal troubles). — Mfrs.: Farbwerke, Hoechst-on-M., Germ.; agts.: V. Koechl & Co., New York. ANETHESIN SULPHOPHENATE or SULPHOPHEN- YLATE (sulphocarbolate) is a chemical synonym of the anesthetic and analgesic which is better known as sub- cutin. ANESTHOL (Weidig) is the outcome of efforts of im- proving general anesthesia on the basis of Schleich's prin- ciple (adapting the boiling point of the narcotics to the temperature of the body), and is the logical supersedant of Schleieh's ether-chloroform-benzin mixtures first advo- cated about twelve years ago. It is regarded by its intro- ducer, Dr. Weidig, as a chemical combination or "mole- cular solution," and consists of 17 volumes of ethyl chlo- ride, 35.89 of chloroform, and 47.1 of ether. It is a color- less liquid of agreeable odor, specific gravity 1.045, and boiling point 104° P. Anesthol is employed as an inhala- tion anesthetic. It is generally administered by the "drop" method; and some physicians give a dose of mor- phine hypodermically about half an hour before beginning with the anesthetic, and this is said to enhance the action and reduce the quantity required for narcosis. — Mfrs.: Chas. Cooper Co., New York; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. ANESTHONE CREAM "contains 1 part to 20000 of THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 23 adrenaline chloride, and 10 per cent, paraamidoethyl benzoate, in a bland oleaginous base." It is employed as a local anesthetic and sedative in hay-fever, a portion as large as a pea being snuffed up three or four times a day or more often if necessary. Put up in collapsible tubes with elongated nozzles. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., De- troit, Mich. ANESTOL is an anesthetic balm for local application in neuralgia, headache, and the like. It doubtless consists essentially of menthol and methyl salicylate, in a readily penetrating ointment base. — Mfr.: Norwich Pharmacal Co., Norwich, N. Y. ANGIONEUROSIN is nitroglycerin. ANILIN SULPHATE occurs in white crystals soluble in water and alcohol. It has been employed as a nervine iu chorea and epilepsy, and as an analgesic and deodorant in carcinoma. Dose, % to 1% grains single, and up to 6 grains a day. It is quite poisonous. — Mfr.: B. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ANILIPYRIN is an antiseptic and analgestic prepared by melting together 376 parts of antipyrin and 135 parts of acetanilid. It occurs as a white powder, readily soluble in water, and is employed chiefly in grip, articular rheu- matism, and neuralgias. The dose is 5 to 10 grains which may be given three or four times daily. An alpha- and a beta- anilipyrin are distinguished. — Mfrs. : Gilbert & Yvon, Paris, France. ANIOS is a disinfectant, said to contain formaldehyde and the sulphates of aluminum, iron, sodium and zinc. ANNIDALIN is a synonym of aristol (thymol iodide). ANODYNIN is another synonym of antipyrin. ANODYNONE is a trade name of ethyl chloride. ANOGON, C 6 H 2 I 2 OS0 3 Hg 2 , is the mercurous salt of iodo- oxybenzol-parasulphonic acid, or mercurous iodo-oxy benzol- par asulphonate. It occurs as a very fine, microcrystalline, yellow powder, containing 48.5 per cent, of metallic mer- cury and 30.7 per cent, of iodine, and insoluble in water, ether, alcohol or glycerin. It is employed as an anti- syphilitic: externally, in 1 to 10 per cent, ointments; by intramuscular injection, in 10-per cent, oily suspension. It must be kept protected against light. — Mfrs.: H. Tromms- dorf, Aix-la-Chapelle, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ANORRHAL suppositories are said to contain sodium sozoiodolate % grain, extract of witch hazel distilled 7^ minims, zinc oxide 6 grains, alumnol 2/5 grain, and extract of suprarenal gland 1/30 grain. They are put forward as a remedy in hemorrhoids. — Mfr.: Apotheke "Zur Austria," Vienna. ANSAL is a fanciful name for antipyrine salicylate (salipyrine), formed from the two first syllables of the chemical designation. — Mfrs.: G. & R. Fritz-Petzold & Suss, Vienna, Austria. 24 THE MODERN MATERTA MEDTOA ANTACETIN is a trade designation for calcium saccJia- rate. ANTASTHMOL is an oily liquid consisting of 1 part of anesthesin, 2 parts of subcutin, 0.3 part of methyl atropine hydrobromide and 100 parts of "stramonium liquor," con- taining the products of combustion of a mixture of salt- petre, stramonium and belladonna. It is used in an ato- mizer for paroxysms of bronchial asthma, and on cotton tampons introduced into the nostrils in hay-fever. — Mfr.: Dr. E. Ritsert, Frankfort-on-M., Germ.; agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. ANTEMESIN is the fanciful disignation for capsules containing 1% grains of anesthesin and hence used as an anodyne in gastric ulcer, nervous dyspepsia, etc. — Mfr.: Chem. Institute in Berlin S. W., Germ. ANTHEOL is defined as "a pyroligneous distillate con- taining 5 per cent, of chemically combined sulphur. The exact chemical constitution of antheol, like other tarry distillates, has not been accurately determined/' It is in- troduced for use as an antiphologistic, antipruritic dermic, analogous to ichthyol. — Mfr.: Vial, Paris, France; agts.: E. Fougera & Co., New York. ANTHRAROBIN (anthro-aroMn, dioxyanthranol, leuco- alizarin) is obtained from alizarin by reduction with zinc dust. It forms a yellowish granular powder, soluble in hot alcohol and in solutions of the alkalies, and was intro- duced as a substitute for chrysarobin in psoriasis, herpes and other skin diseases. It is generally prescribed in 10 to 20 per cent, ointments; sometimes in alcoholic solution. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ANTHRASOL is described as a purified and decolorized coal tar; coal tar freed from pitch, pyridine bases and coloring matter. It occurs as a light-yellowish oil of tarry odor, soluble in about 20 parts of 90 per cent, alcohol, and miscible in all proportions with absolute alcohol, acetone, fatty oils, liquid paraffin, or vasogen. It is said to penetrate the skin readily and thus have a deep action, to have more marked antipruritic effect than ordinary tar. and to be less irritating. It is used in skin diseases, in place of common tar, in 5 to 30 per cent, ointments or alcoholic solutions. — Mfrs.: Knoll & Co., Ludwigshafen-on- Rh. and New York. ANTIARTHRIN is a condensation product of equal parts of saligenin tannate and salicin. It occurs as a brown powder, soluble in alcohol and alkalies, and is em- ployed chiefly as a remedy in rheumatism. Dose, 15 to 30 grains, up to 165 grains a day, in powders or pills. Dis- pensing it with other chemicals has been cautioned against, on account of its slight content of hydrochloric acid. — Mfrs.: L. Sell & Co., Munich, Germ.; agts.: Antiarthrin Co., New York. ANTTBERIBERIN is a new remedy for beri-beri arising THE M0DEKN MATERIA MEDICA 25 so often in the tropics from excessive indulgence in rice. It is prepared from an alcoholic extract of rice bran, and is marketed as liquid, powder and pills. Its chemical na- ture has not been ascertained. ANTICHOREN is a peptonized mercuric chloroiodide (HgI 2 4-2HgCl 2 ), resulting from the action of mercuric iodide and peptone upon mercuric chloride and occurring as a dark-brown, soft mass soluble in water. It is given in syphilis, internally as 1/6 grain pills or subcutaneously as 2 per cent, solution (15 minims per injection). — Mfr.: Dr. A. Horowitz, Berlin N, Germ. ANTICONGESTICUS is a kaolin poultice containing as the medicamentous ingredients boric and salicylic acids, iodine, potassium iodide, thymol and oils of wintergreen and peppermint. — Mfrs.: Wm. R. Warner & Co., Philadel- phia, Pa., and St. Louis, Mo. ANTIDIABBTIKUM OF LINDNER is better known as glycosolvol, which see. ANTIDIPHTHERIN is a name applied to various prep- arations used in diphtheria. Antidiphtherin Kleos is ob- tained from cultures of diphtheria bacilli in a fluid me- dium, and is applied with a brush to the affected parts. Antidiphtherin Wittstei?i (made in Prof. Wittstein's Chem- ical Laboratory at Munich, Germany) is said to consist essentially of the resinous acids of olibanum, with sali- cylic acid, carbolic acid and menthol; it is a dry powder employed by fumigation. Finally there is a third anti- diphtherin, made in Berlin (by Antidiphtheringesell- shaft) ; a powder stated to consist of 91 parts of potassium chlorate and 4 parts of ferric chloride. ANTIDOLORIN is a trade name for tubes of ethyl chlo- ride used as local as well as inhalation anesthetics. — Mfr.: Norwich Pharmacal Co., Norwich, N. Y. ANTIDYSENTERICUM OF KOEHLER is said to consist of logwood, pomegranate and simaruba barks. Used in dysentery. ANTIFEBRIN is an American trade name and in Ger- many the official title for acetanilid. ANTIFORMIN is a "bacterio-solvent disinfectant" intro- duced by Prof. Klebs and used in eczema and infantile and senile pruritus; also in the determination of tubercle bacilli in sputum and blood. It has been stated that it consists essentially of equal parts of Javelle water and a 15-per cent, solution of sodium hydroxide. — Agts.: Amer- ican Antiformin Co., New York. ANTIFUNGIN is a fanciful name for magnesium borate. ANTIGERMIN is a disinfectant said to be a compound of copper with a weak organic acid; an odorless, greenish- yellow, semi-solid mass, soluble in about 200 parts of hot water. According to Dr. Wesenberg, it strongly hinders decomposition and exhibits marked bactericidal power. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. 26 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIOA ANTIHEMICRANIN is stated to be a mixture of 1 part each of caffeine and antipyrin, with 2 parts of sugar, it is given in doses of 10 to 20 grains, chiefly in migraine. — Mfr.: Apotheker Demelinne, Maastricht, Germ. ANTIHERPIN is a herpes remedy consisting, according to the manufacturer, of liquid tar 10 parts, oil of rape seed 10 parts and Peru balsam 1 part. — Mfr.: J. Rossler, Frechen near Cologne, Germ. ANTIKAMNIA was reported originally to consist of acet- anilid, sodium bicarbonate, and a small quantity of caf- feine. With the enactment of the food and drugs act of June 30th, 1906, however, the composition was apparently changed; and, according to analysis made in 1908 at the chemical laboratory of the American Medical Association, "the article now consists of acetphenetidin 72.05 per cent, and caffeine 13.95 per cent. The content of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate (by difference) was found to be 14 per cent." Antipyretic and analgesic. Dose, 5 to 15 grains. It is marketed also as tablets, plain and in various combina- tions. — Mfrs.: Antikamnia Chem. Co., St. Louis, Mo. ANTIKOL was brought forward some years ago as an antipyretic and analgesic, but has latterly not been men- tioned in the medical or pharmaceutical press. It was described as a mixture of acetanilid 30 parts, sodium bi- carbonate 70 parts and tartaric acid 3 parts. Dose, 5 to 15 grains. ANTILEPROL is purified chaulmoogra oil intended for use, as the name indicates, for the treatment of leprosy. Marketed in 0.5-gram and 1-gram capsules. — Mfrs.: Farben- fabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. (It should be noted that the crude oil is being used with apparently good results in Manila. — Ed.) ANTILUPIA "represents the active principles of the strobiles of humulus lupulus" [probably lupulin], acetan- ilide 54 per cent., caffeine 15 per cent., combined with sodium bicarbonate, rochelle salt and sodium bromide." It is exploited as an antipyretic and analgesic, and mar- keted also as 5-grain tablets and in combinations as tab- lets. — Mfr.: Norwich Pharmacal Co., Norwich, N. Y.. ANTILUSIN is an antilytic serum recommended for the treatment of topical ulcers and wounds, as well as inter- nally in chronic gastric or duodenal ulcerations. It is of- fered in two forms: Antilusin A, for internal use; and Antilusin B, for local application. The former is normal serum from which the proteolytic enzymes have been re- moved, the antiferments being concentrated into a small bulk. Antilusin B is normal serum fortified, so far as concerns the antitryptic enzymes, by the addition of An- tilusin A. — Mfrs.: Allen & Hanburys, London, Eng. ANTIMARIN is a sea-sickness remedy, marketed in the form of tablets consisting essentially of 3 grains of anes- thesin, and hence analogous to antivom pills.— Mfr.: Chem. Institute, Berlin SW, Germ. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 27 ANTINOSIN (nosoplien-sodium) is the sodium salt of nesophen (tetraiodophenolphthalein), occurring as a blue, amorphous powder of a faint iodine odor; soluble in water. It is used as a surgical antiseptic, also as a dis- infectant in 0.1 to 0.5 per cent, solution in nose and throat troubles, cystitis, etc. On exposure to the air, it is very prone to become decomposed into nosophen and sodium carbonate and become insoluble; hence it should be kept securely stoppered. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik Rhenania, Aix- la-Chapelle, Germ. ANTIPARASITIN is a 1 per cent, solution of dinitro- cresol-potassium ( antinonnin ) . ANTIPERIOSTIN, originally called ossoline, is a 30 per cent, solution of cantharidinated mercury iodide, employed in veterinary medicine by inunction as a discutient. — Mfr. : Dr. A. Klein, Berlin W, Germ.; agts.: Ernest Bisehoff & Co., New York. ANTIPHLOGIN is a trade name for antipyrinc. ANTIPHLOGISTINE is a poultice originally said to consist of powdered kaolin, glycerin, boric acid, salicylic acid, ferric oxide, iodine, and the oils of peppermint, win- tergreen and eucalyptus. According to later reports it consists of aluminium silicate, glycerin, small amounts of boric acid and salicylic acid, and traces of iodine and essential oils. — Mfrs.: Denver Chem. Co., New York. ANTIPHTHSISIN (KLEBS) is better known as tuber- culocidin, which see. ANTIPRURIT is an ointment or cream the medicament- ous constituents of which are carbolic acid, aluminum acetate, lead acetate, bornyl acetate and menthol. — Mfr.: Dr. Fritz Koch, Munich (Germ.). ANTIPYRETICUM is a trade name for antipyrin. ANTIPYRETICUM COMPOSITUM is a pulverulent mix- ture corresponding to migrainin, but made by Riedel & Co., Berlin and New York. ANTIPYRIN ACETYLSALICYLATE is the chemical designation of acopyrin. ANTIPYRIN AMYDGDALATE (mandelate) is marketed as tussol, which see. ANTIPYRIN CAFFEINO-CITRATE.— See migrainin. ANTIPYRIN-COLLODION is a 20 per cent, solution of antipyrin in collodion, recommended by Dr. Terson as a styptic for use on small wounds, either alone or with the addition of other medicaments. ANTIPYRIN IODIDE is known to the trade as iodo- pyrin. ANTIPYRIN METHYLETHYLGLYCOLATE Is referred to under its trade name astrolin. ANTIPYRIN SALICYLACETATE.— See pyrosal. ANTIPYRIN SALICYLATE is better known by the name of salipyrin, which see. ANTIPYRIN TANNATE is marketed as tannipyrin. 28 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A ANTIRHEUMATIN and ANTIRHEUMIN are synonyms of fluorrheumin, which see. ANTISANGUIN, introduced by Dr. Schaefer, of Barmen, as a hemostatic and surgical antiseptic, is, according to Dr. J. Kochs, essentially a solution of about 30 grams of aluminum sulphate and 0.25 gram of salicylic acid in 69.75 grams of water. — Mfr.: Chem. Laboratory "Barmen," Bar- men, Germ. ANTISCLEROSIN is a remedy marketed in tablet form and corresponding to Trunecek's and Hoppe-Seyler's se- rum. Two tablets (the single dose) contain sodium chlo- ride 0.77 gram; sodium sulphate 0.08 gram; calcium glycero- phosphate, magnesium phosphate, and sodium carbonate, of each 0.03 gram; sodium phosphate 0.025 gram. It is employed in calcification of blood-vessels and in certain nervous diseases. Dose, 2 tablets three times daily. — Mfr.: E. Schering, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. ANTISEPTIC CREDE is a trade name for silver citrate as sold in the American market by Schering & Glatz, New York. For description see silver citrate. ANTISEPTICOL is a liquid antiseptic containing boric acid, sodium borate, benzoic acid, thymol, eucalyptol, men- thol and oil wintergreen as the active ingredients. It is analogous to the official liquor antisepticus. — Mfrs.: G. P. Harvey Co., Saratoga Springs, N. Y. ANTISEPTIN Radlauer (zinc ooro4hymol-iodide) is a mixture of zinc sulphate 85 parts, thymol 2y 2 parts, zinc iodide 2% parts, and boric acid 10 parts. It is used as a vulnerary. Antiseptin Schwarzlose, a veterinary prophy- lactic and remedy, is said to be a solution of 40 parts of zinc sulphate and 4 parts of alum in 100 parts of water. ANTISPASMIN is the trade name given to narceine,- sodium and sodium salicylate, C 23 H 28 N0 9 .Na+3C 6 H 4 .OH.- COONa; a white, hygroscopic, unstable powder containing 50 per cent, of narceine, soluble in water when freshly made but becoming insoluble and dark-colored on expo- sure. It is employed as an antispasmodic, particularly in whooping-cough of children, in doses of 1/6 to % grain three or four times a day, usually given in sweetened so- lution. Antispasmin must be kept well protected against light and air. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ANTISPIROCHETIC SERUM.— See under serums. ANTI STAPHYLOCOCCUS SERUM and ANTI STREPTO- COCCUS SERUM.— See under serums. ANTISTREPTOCOCCIN is Marmorek's antistreptococ- cus serum; which see. ANTITETANIC DUSTING-POWDER is a mixture of equal parts of dry antitetanic serum and chloretone, used on wounds causative of tetanus. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. ANTITETANIC GLOBULINS is a name given to a dried THE MODERN MATERIA MEBICA 29 preparation of the globulins of antitetanic serum and af- ford a convenient remedy for immediate use in tetanus. — Mfrs.:, Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. ANTITETANUS SERUM.— See under serums. ANTITHERMOLINE is analogous to cataplasm kaolin U. S. P.— Mfrs.: G. W. Carnrick Co., New York. ANTITHYROIDIN is a thyroid serum introduced by Prof. Moebius. It is obtained from the blood of sheep from which the thyroid gland has been removed six weeks pre- viously, and contains y 2 per cent, of carbolic acid as a preservative. It occurs as an amber-colored liquid with a faint odor and taste of phenol, and is marketed in 10 c.c. vials and as 0.5 gram tablets. It is used in Basedow's disease (exophthalmic goiter), usually per os in doses of 8 minims gradually increased to 70 minims thrice daily; sometimes it is given hypodermically, 15 to 30 minims per dose daily. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ANTITOXIN, DIPHTHERIA, is regarded by many phy- sicians as the best constitutional means for the treatment of true diphtheria. It is obtained from the blood of horses that have been immunized against the disease by success- sive inoculations with the specific poison of diphtheria. It is prepared in various concentrations, and put up in variously devised and dated tubes, bulbs, etc., containing a specified number of "immunity units," and usually con- tains carbolic acid or some other antiseptic as a preserva- tive. It is used almost exclusively subcutaneously; some have given it intravenously and others per os, with re- ported good results. The ordinary dose injected is 2,000 to 3,000 immunity units, but as much as 20,000 units have been given as the initial dose in exceedingly severe cases, and 60,000 units have been employed successfully in treat- ing the same case. While employed generally in diph- theria, the antitoxin has latterly also been recom- mended for use in severe scarlet fever cases and in the , broncho-pneumonia and other secondary pneumonias com- plicating the various infectious diseases of children. Diphtheria antitoxin should be kept cool and be disturbed as little as possible; when it has reached the age-limit indicated on the labels, it should be exchanged for a fresh lot. ANTITOXIN, HAY FEVER.— See pollantin. ANTITUMIN is described as a 2 1 / £-per cent, solution of sodium-chondritine sulphate, containing also Y^ per cent, of eucaine. The salt named is said to be a normal con- stituent of cartilage, the arteries, etc. It occurs as a white or yellowish powder, readily soluble in water, but insol- luble in alcohol or ether. It is used by intravenous in- jection in the treatment of cancer. Dose, 1 fluid dram daily. — Mfrs.: J. D. Riedel Co., Berlin (Germ.) and New York. ANTITUSSIN, as known on the market, is a 5 per cent. 30 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A ointment of difluordiphenyl, which is prescribed chiefly in whooping cough but to a small extent also in tonsilitis and in inflammatory pharyngeal and bronchial affections. The dose per inunction is 5 grams. — Mfrs.: Valentiner & Schwarz, Leipsic-Plagwitz, Germ.; agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. ANTODYNE is defined as plfienoxy propanediol of the formula C 8 H 5 OCH 2 CHOH.CH 2 OH. It occurs in fine, white needles, soluble in water, alcohol, chloroform or ether. It i3 employed as an analgesic as well as nerve sedative. Dose, 8 to 12 grains, in wafers. — Mfrs. : Poulenc Freres, Paris, France; agts.: Parmele Pharm. Co., New York. ANUSOL Hemorrhoidal Suppositories contain, according to the manufacturers, in each dozen, anusol 7.5 grams, zinc oxide 6 gram3, balsam peru 1.5 grams, cacao butter 19 grams, cerate 2.5 grams. Anusol is defined as "bismuth iodoresorcinsulphonate of the formula [C 6 H 2 IS0 2 .0(OH,] s - Bi." — Mfrs.: Goedecke & Co., Leipsic and Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. ANYTIN is a 33% per cent, aqueous solution of ichthyol- sulphonic acid, which is used to some extent in 1 to 2 per cent, solutions as a surgical disinfectant but chiefly as a means of rendering water-insoluble medicaments soluble in water. A number of such solutions are marketed under the generic name "anytoles" the principal ones being eucasol and metasol; the former is a 25 per cent, solu- tion of eucalyptol in anytin, and metasol is a 40 per cent, solution of meta-cresol. Besides these two, there are made anytoles of cresol (50 per cent, cresol), creosote (40 per cent), guaiacol (40 per cent.), benzol (20 per cent), pep- permint oil (25 per cent), wintergreen oil (20 per cent.), turpentine oil (15 per cent), camphor (15 per cent.), and iodine (10 per cent). — Mfrs.: Ichthyol Co., Hamburg, Germ.; agts,: Merck & Co., New York. APERGOLS are capsules containing apiol, ergotin, savine oil, aloin, and aromatics. They are prescribed in amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea, 1 to 2 capsules thrice daily. — Mfrs.: H. K. Wampole & Co., Philadelphia, Pa. APERITOL is the name applied by Drs. Hammer and Vieth to valeryl-acetyl-plienolphthalein, which is put for- ward as an aperient free from untoward by-effect and not liable to produce tolerance. It is marketed in the form of tablets, each containing 0.2 gram of the drug. — Mfrs.: Riedel & Co., Berlin and New York. APHTHISIN is a combination of 9 parts of potassium guaiacolsulphonate (better known as thiocol) and 1 part of petrosulfol (Austrian ichthyol). It is marketed as a syrup (6 per cent.), and as 4-grain capsules; the dose of the former is a teaspoonful to a tablespoonful; of the cap- sules, 1 to 4, three or four times a day. — Mfrs. : G. Hell & Co., Troppau, Austria. APINOL is said to be obtained from the destructive distillation of the wood of Pinus palustris and Pinus THE MODERN MATERIA. MEDIOA 81 australis. It is a clear, amber-colored liquid with an odor resembling that of the pine, having a specific gravity of about 0.946, and neutral in reaction. It is used locally as a surgical antiseptic and vulnerary, and internally as an expectorant. Dose, 5 to 15 minims, on sugar.— Mfr.: Api- nol Chem. Co., Wilmington, N. C. APIOL CRYSTALLIZED (parsley camphor), C^H^O,, forms long colorless needles having a faint odor of parsley and melting at 86° F. It is insoluble in water, but readily soluble in alcohol, ether and oils. It is used as an emmena- gogue and antiperiodic. Dose, 2 to 5 grains in capsules; as an antiperiodic, 5 to 15 grains. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darm- stadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. APIOL, GREEN, is the crude ethereal oil of parsley seed, occurring as a greenish, oily liquid, insoluble in water but soluble in alcohol, ether or chloroform; specific gravity about 1.05. It is used as an emmenagogue. Dose, 5 to 15 minims, in capsules. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. APIOLINE is described by Chapoteaut, its introducer, as the active principle of parsley and quite different from apiol. It is obtained from ethereal oil of parsley seed by distillation and saponification, and occurs as a thick, red- dish liquid of the specific gravity 1.113 and readily soluble in alcohol. It is prescribed in amenorrhea and dys- menorrhea. Dose, daily 2 or 3 of the 3-grain capsules in which form only the preparation is marketed. — Mfr.: Vial, Paris, France; agts.: E, Fougera & Co., New York. APOCODEINE HYDROCHLORIDE, C 18 H lfl N0 2 .HCl, is the salt of a derivative of codeine; a yellowish-gray to greenish-gray, hygroscopic powder, freely soluble in water. In action it is in the main analogous to codeine, and has hence been used as an expectorant and sedative, chiefly in chronic bronchitis; but latterly it has come into prom- inence as a subcutaneous laxative, 30 to 40 minims of a 1 per cent, solution being the usual dose per injection for this purpose. Dose, per os, % to 1 grain. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. APOLYSIN is a substance closely related to phenacetin, a citro-parapheneiidin, or monocitryl-paraphenetidin. It occurs as a white powder of faint odor and acidulous taste; moderately soluble in water, more freely so in al- cohol or glycerin. It behaves as an acid (monophenetidin- citric), and is employed therapeutically as an antipyretic and analgesic claimed to be comparatively non-toxic and non-cumulative. Dose, 10 to 30 grains. — Mfrs.: Von Hey- den Chem. Works, Radebeul near Dresden, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. APOMORPHINE BROMOMETHYLATE or METHYL- BROMIDE is described under its trade name euporphin. APONAL is the carbonic acid ester of amylene or amyl- ene carbamate, obtained by the action of urea hydrochlo- ride on amylene hydrate, of the formula NH 2 .CO OC.(OH 2 ).- 32 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A C 3 H 6 . It occurs as colorless crystals having a camphora- ceous odor and taste, melting at 83° to 86° C, readily soluble in alcohol or chloroform, and insoluble in water. It acts as a nerve sedative and hypnotic. Dose, 15 to 30 grains. — Mfrs.: Zimmer & Co., Frankfort-on-M., Germ.; agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. APYROL is an antipyretic and antineuralgic said to consist of a mixture of about 52 parts of antipyrin and 48 parts of quinine sulphate/ Dose, 10 to 20 grains. AQUA ZEOZONI is the name to a solution of the ortho- oxy derivative of esculin, neutralized with 0.3 to 0.5 per cent, of boric acid. The article occurs as a yellowish- brown liquid, and said to possess the property of absorb- ing the ultraviolet rays of light. It is consequently used in eye practice to overcome the dazzling effect of sunlight. It is also said to prevent sunburn if applied locally to ex- posed parts. — Mfrs.: Kopp & Joseph, Berlin, Germ. ARABELLA WATER is a Hungarian bitter water, con- sisting essentially of magnesium sulphate (22 grams per liter), sodium sulphate (15.4 grams), calcium sulphate (1.5 grams), magnesium chloride (0.8 gram), and magne- sium carbonate (1.26 grams). ARBULITH is a tablet containing 3% grains of hexa- methylenamine, iy 2 grains of lithium benzoate and y 2 grain of arbutin. It is used as a urinary antiseptic and antili- themic. Dose, 2 tablets three or four times daily. — Mfrs.: The Marcy Co., Boston, Mass. ARBUTIN, CiaOieA-P/^HaO, is a glucoside residing in uva ursi; white, odorless crystals, quite freely soluble in water or alcohol, but insoluble in ether. It is used in place of uva ursi preparations as a diuretic and vesical demulcent. Dose, 3 to 6 grains three or four times daily. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ARECOLINE-ESERINE is a mixture of equal parts of arecoline hydrobromide and eserine sulphate, intended for use as a myotic or in veterinary practice as a cathartic similar to its components. Dose (horses), % to IY2 grains hypodermically. ARECOLINE HYDROBROMIDE, CsH 13 N0 2 .HBr, is a salt of the alkaloid of areca nut, occurring as white crystals easily soluble in water and alcohol. It is used chiefly in veterinary medicine, as an active cathartic similar to eser- ine in action; 1 to iy 2 grains is injected subcutaneously in horses in cases of colic. In human medicine it serves as a myotic, a few drops of a 1 per cent, solution being in- stilled at a time, and as an anthelmintic (1/15 to 1/10 grain. — ( Nonproprietary. ) ARGATOXYL is a 10-per cent, suspension of silver-atoxyl (silver para-amidophenylarsinate) in olive oil. It is used mainly in puerperal fever. ARGENOL is an "albuminoid of silver" occurring as a brown, neutral powder containing 10 per cent, of silver and readily soluble in water or glycerin. It is used as THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 33 an astringent bactericide, like silver nitrate, but is claimed to be less irritating and more penetrating. — Mfrs.: John Wyeth & Bro., Philadelphia, Pa. ARGENTAMINE is one of the first attempts at the mod- ern organic compounds of silver; a 10 per cent, solution of silver nitrate in 10 per cent, ethylenediamine solution. It occurs as a colorless, alkaline liquid, which does not give precipitates with sodium chloride or albuminous fluids, and is freely miscible with water. Its chief use is as an application in gonorrhea and in purulent or follicular con- junctivitis; but it has been given internally, a teaspoonful to a tablespoonful of a y 2 to 1 per cent, solution contain- ing a little glycerin every two or three hours, in phthisical diarrhea and obstinate entero-colitis. It is applied in gon- orrhea in %. to 4 per cent, solutions; in eye disease, in 5 per cent, solution. It should be preserved in dark-glass bottles; discoloration is said not to affect its activity, and usually to be removable by filtration through paper. — Mfr.: E. Schering, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. ARGENTARSYL is a mixture of iron cacodylate and colloidal silver. ARGENTIDE is a solution of silver iodide in potassium iodide solution containing 100 grains of the former per fluid ounce. When diluted with water it throws out a flocculent precipitate of silver iodide which remains well suspended. It is used locally in place of silver nitrate. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. ARGENTIFORM (silver-hexamethylenamine) is a com- pound of silver and hexamethylenamine, containing about 35 per cent, of silver, and forming minute, colorless, odor- less crystals soluble in 500 parts of water. Its solutions do not stain nor coagulate albumin. It is used as an as- tringent bactericide. Marketed only as urethral bougies (}£ grain), vaginal cones, and ointment (0.1 per cent). — Mfrs.: Nelson, Baker & Co., Detroit, Mich. ARGENTOSE is a synthetic compound of silver and a nucleo-proteid, containing 30 per cent, of silver. It occurs as black scales, freely soluble in water or glycerin. It is used chiefly in gonorrhea (2 to 20 per cent, solutions) and purulent eye disease (up to 50 per cent, solutions). — Mfrs.: H. K. Wampole & Co., Philadelphia, Pa. ARGONIN (silver-casein) results from the interaction of casein-sodium and silver nitrate. It is a nearly white' powder containing about 4.2 per cent, of silver and readily soluble in hot water, sodium chloride solution and alkaline solutions. It is employed principally in gonorrhea, in 2 to 10 per cent, solutions, which should always be prepared fresh and dispensed in dark-amber bottles. — Mfrs.: Farb- werke, Hoechst-on-M., Germ.; agts.: V. Koechl & Co., New York. ARGYDIDE (milTc of silver iodide) is a new preparation of silver representing a creamy-white suspension of s}ly@r 34 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A iodide, offered as a wound antiseptic and bactericide, claimed to be free from irritating action, — Mfrs.: Argy- dide Chem Co., Philadelphia, Pa. ARGYROL is an organic compound of silver (silver- vitellin) introduced by Dr. A. C. Barnes. It contains from 20 to 25 per cent, of metallic silver. It occurs in black, glistening, hygroscopic scales, freely soluble in water and glycerin, insoluble in alcohol or oils. The claims are made for this article that it is perfectly non-irritating even when used in concentrated solution and that its solutions keep without deteriorating. Its therapeutic uses are the same as those of the older silver salts — in gonorrhea, in- fectious diseases of the eye, naso-pharyngeal affections, etc. It is applied in 2 to 5 per cent, injections in urethritis, and in 5 to 50 per cent, solutions in some other ailments. ARHOVIN is described as a solution of diphenylamine and thymol benzoate in ethyl benzoate. It is a liquid of the specific gravity 1.055, and of aromatic odor and burn- ing taste; insoluble in water; soluble in ether, chloroform, or alcohol. It is used as an adjuvant in gonorrhea, inter- nally, several 0.25-gram capsules per day. — Mfrs.: Goe- decke & Co., Leipsic and Berlin.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. ARISTOCHIN or aristoquin, chemically definable as diquinine carbonic ester, or neutral caroonic ester of quinine, C 41 H 4fl N 4 p B , occurs as a white practically tasteless powder containing 96 per cent, of quinine alkaloid, soluble in chloroform, alcohol, or acids, yielding bitter solutions; difficultly soluble in ether, and insoluble in water. It is heralded simply as a tasteless form of quinine which but seldom irritates the stomach or produces cinehonism and the other toxic effects of ordinary quinine. Its dosage is the same as that of the usual quinine compounds. It is largely used for children, especially in whooping-cough. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germany) and New York. ARISTOL is a trade-name for dithymol diiodide or di- iodo-ditliymol or the official thymol iodide. — Mfrs.: Far- benfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germany) and New York. ARRHENAL is a French trade-name for dis odium meth- ylarsenate or sodium methylar senate, and will be referred to under the former chemical designation. — Mfrs.: Adrian & Co., Paris; agts.: E. Fougera & Co., New York. ARRHENAL-LITHIUM is defined as lithium chlorhydro- methylarsenate, and recommended as a readily assimilable arsenical compound. ARSACETIN is a trade name for sodium acetyl-arsan- ilate or acetylamino-phenylarsinate, or acetyl-atoxyl. The article occurs as a white, odorless, tasteless powder, sol- uble in about 10 parts of water and sterilizable in solution without decomposition. It is used as an alterative In obstinate skin diseases, syphilis, trypanosomiasis, anemia, THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 35 etc. It is claimed to be less toxic than atoxyl and the usual arsenicals, yet untoward by-effects have been ob- served from its use. Dose, % to 1% grains three or four times a day; hypodermically, iy 2 to 7% grains twice a week. — Mfrs.: Farbwerke, Hoechst-on-M., Germ.; agts.: V. Koechl & Co., New York. ARSAMIN is another trade name for sodium arsanilate, an article better known on the American market as atoxyl, which see for description. ARSAN (arsen-glidine) is an organic compound of arsenic with wheat protein, and occurs as a grayish-yellow powder insoluble in water but soluble in solutions of the alkali hydroxides. It is offered as a supersessor of arsen- ous acid in chronic skin diseases. It is marketed as tab- lets, each representing 0.002 gram of arsenic. — Mfr.: Dr. V. Klopfer, Dresden-Leubnitz, Germ.; agts.: Menley & James, New York. ARSANIL is a new designation for atoxyl. ARSEN-BLUTAN is an alcohol-free solution of iron peptonate with manganese and arsenic, containing 0.6 per cent, of iron, 0.1 per cent, of manganese, and 0.01 per cent. of arsenous acid. It is used as a hematinic and alterative. Dose, 1 to 2 fluid drams. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik Helfen- berg, Helfenberg, Germ.; agts.: C. Reinschild Co., New York. ARSEN-METAFERRIN — See under metaferrin. ARSENAURO is a solution of gold and arsenic bro- mides, each 10 drops of which contains 1/32 grain each of arsenic bromide and gold tribromide. It is used as an alterative, nerve tonic and antidiabetic. Dose, 3 to 10 minims. [The N. F. Solution Bromide of Gold and Arsenic is an analogous product. — Ed.] — Mfrs.: Parmele Pharma- cal Co., New York. ARSEN-FERRATIN is an arsenated ferratin containing 0.06 per cent, of arsenous acid; a red powder of peculiar odor. Dose, 5 to 10 grains three times daily. — Mfrs.: C F. Boehringer & Soehne, Manhheim-on-Rh., Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ARSEN-FERRATOSE is an elixir of arsen-ferratin (ar- senated ferratin), containing 0.3 per cent, of metallic iron in organic combination and 0.003 per cent, of arsenic in the form of arsenous acid. It is employed as a hemato- poietic and alterative. Dose, a tablespoonful three or four times a day; children, a teaspoonful to a dessertspoonful. — Mfrs.: C. F. Boehringer & Soehne, Mannheim-on-Rh., Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ARSEN-GLIDINE is marketed under the name of arson; see this title. ARSEN-HEMOL is hemol containing 1 per cent, of ar- senous acid; a brown, insoluble powder, employed as an alterative and hematinic in skin diseases, neuroses, etc. Dose, iy 2 to 5 grains, two or three times a day, generally 36 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A prescribed in pills. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ARSENO-CEREBRIN is a sterilized solution of sodium cacodylate and cerebrin, used by injection in epilepsy. Marketed in 2-c.c. ampoules. ARSENO-PHENYLGLYCIN. See spirarsyl. ARSENO-STYRACOL tablets contain 0.5 gram of styra- col and 0.001 gram of arsenic. They are used chiefly in phthisis and putrefactive intestinal catarrh. Dose, 1 tab- let three or four times daily. — Mfrs.: Knoll & Co., Lud= wigshafen-on-Rh. (Germ.) and New York. ARSENO-TRIFERRIN is an orange-colored, tasteless powder, soluble in dilute alkalies, and contains about 16 per cent, of iron, .0.1 per cent, of arsenic, and 2.5 per cent, of phosphorus organically combined. It is used in anemia, neurasthenia, skin diseases, etc. Dose, 5 grains three times daily. — Mfrs.: Knoll & Co., Ludwigshafen-on-Rh. (Germ.) and New York. ARSENO-TRIPERROL is a dark-red, aromatized solu- tion of arseno-triferrin. — Mfrs.: Knoll & Co., Ludwigs- hafen-on-Rh. (Germ.) and New York. ARSOPERRIN is defined as "a chemical compound of arsenous acid and iron glycerophosphate, containing the iron in organic, so-called colloidal form/' It is insoluble in water as well as in diluted acids, and intended for use as an alterative and hematinic. Marketed only as 4-grain "teklolettes," each of which represents ferric oxide 0.0213 gram and arsenous acid 0.00058 gram, together with phos- phoric acid, albumin, and extract gentian. Dose, 1 or 2 thrice daily. ARSYCODILE is a trade name for sodium cacodylate marketed abroad in tubes containing 0.05 gram in steril- ized solution intended for hypodermic or rectal use, and as 0.025-gram pills. Fer- or ferro-arsycodile is iron caco- dylate in pill form (0.025 gram each). — Marketed by E. Fougera & Co., New York. ARSYLIN (arsen-protylin) is an arsenic, phosphorus and albumin compound containing 0.1 per cent, of arsenic acid and 2.6 per cent, of phosphorus. It occurs as a yellowish- white, odorless powder, of faint acidulous taste, and ab- sorbed only on reaching the intestines. It is prescribed as an alterative tonic. — Mfrs.: Hoffmann-La Roche Chem. Works, Basle (Switzerland) and New York. ARSYNAL is another trade name for disodium methyl- arsenate, ASBRADON is bradon said to contain in each 15 grams 0.0005 gram of arsenous acid. It is employed as a nervine. — Mfr.: Dr. Lutzsche Apotheke, Goppingen, Germ. ASEPSIN is a white, crystalline powder, of alkaline re- action and a sweet, strongly wintergreen taste; it is made from methyl salicylate, and is used in weak solu- tions as a surgical antiseptic. Marketed also as asepsin soap, — Mfrs.: Lloyd Bros., Cincinnati, Ohio. THE MODEBN MATERIA MEDIC A 37 ASEPTESIA is Mulford's fluid magnesia antiseptic, each fluid ounce of which contains magnesium hydrate 24 grains, thymol 1/32 grain, oil peppermint % minim, oil gaultheria *4 minim, oil cardamom % minim, and sac- charin l/i6 grain. It is used as an antacid dentifrice and mouthwash.— Mfr. : H. K. Mulford Co., Philadelphia, Pa. ASFERRIN — See asferryl. ASFERRYL (previously known as "asferrin") is "an iron salt of the complex arsenic tartrate," occurring as a greenish-yellow powder, soluble with difficulty in water and dilute acids but readily soluble in dilute alkalies; it contains 23 per cent, of arsenic and 18 per cent, of iron. It is offered as a relatively non-toxic arsenical and chalyb- eate tonic, in the form of 0.5-gram tablets, each of which contains 0.025 gram of asferryl and 0.475 gram of a mix- ture of chocolate and vanillin sugar. Dose, 2 to 4 tablets daily. — Mfr.: Dr. Carl Sorger, Frankfort-on-M., Germ.; agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. ASIPHYL is a trade name for mercuric amidophenyh arsenate or mercury atoxylate. See mercury atoxylate. A — S — PHEN is the new designation applied to what was formerly known as thermol. The name has been con- structed* from certain letters of its chemical name acetyl- ssdicyl-phenetidm. It occurs as a white, odorless, taste- less powder, and is used as an antipyretic and analgesic. Dose, 10 to 30 grains. Mfrs.: Organic Chem. Mfg. Co., Fort Washington, Pa. ASPIRIN is the trade designation for acetylsalicylic acid or salicylic acid acetic ester which occurs as white needles that are difficultly soluble in water but readily so in alcohol or ether. It is decomposed in solution and is incompatible with alkalies; hence it should be administered by itself in powder form. It is used as a substitute for sodium salicy- late in rheumatism, neuralgia, diabetes, etc., and is given in the same doses as the latter drug. — Mfrs.: Farben- fabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. ASPIRIN SOLUBLE is calcium acetylsalicylate as made by the Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. ASPIROCHYL is the trade name of mercury paramino- phenylarsinate, a white powder almost insoluble in water, and used hypodermically as well as locally in syphilitic affections. Dose, by injection, 15 minims of a 1:20 suspen- sion in liquid petrolatum or glycerin. Used topically as 1:20 or 1:30 ointments. ASPIROLITHINE is "a combination of aspirin with organic acid salts of lithium, prepared in tablet form, each tablet containing 5 grains of aspirin and 2% grains of acid citrotartrate of lithium. " It is acid in reaction and hence incompatible with alkalies and their carbon- ates. It is used as an analgesic and antirheumatic like salicylic acid. Dose, 1 to 3 tablets, with a copious draught of water. — Mfrs.: McKesson & Robbins, New York, 38 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA ASPIROPHEN is a new antirheumatic and analgesic introduced by Dr. Schwarzenberg for use in rheumatism and allied affections in which salicylic acid and a bacteri- cide are indicated at the same time. Chemically it is amido-para-phenetidin acetylsalicylate, C 6 H 4 .OC 2 H 5 :NH.CO =CH 2 NH.COCH 3 . It is credited with marked antipyretic and analgesic properties, and is said to produce far less perspiration than does aspirin. Dose, 5 to 15 grains. — Mfr.: Chem. Fabrik "Falkenberg," Falkenberg-Griinau, near Berlin; agts.: Allarius Co., San Francisco, Cal. ASQUIRROL is a water-soluble mercurial containing about 56 per cent, of Hg, and specially intended for hypo- dermic use in syphilis during pregnancy. — Mfrs.: Poulenc Freres, Paris, France.; agts.: Parmele Pharm. Co., New York. ASTEROL is a double salt of mercury paraphenolsul- phonate (sulphocarbolate) and ammonium tartrate, of the formula C 12 H 10 O 8 S 2 Hg.4CJH^G c (NH 4 ) 2 +8H 2 O; a yellowish powder, containing 15 per cent, of mercury, and soluble in hot water, the solution remaining clear on cooling. Am- monia and alkalies do not precipitate the mercury from solutions. It is claimed to possess all the advantages of corrosive sublimate as a disinfectant without its draw- backs. It is used in 2 to 5:1000 solutions; also by intra- muscular injection in syphilis, 15 minims of a 4 or 5 per cent, solution. It is marketed also as 0.2-gram tablets. — Mfrs.: Hoffmann-La Roche Chem. Works, Basle (Switzer- land) and New York. ASTROLIN is described as a compound of antipyrin with methylethyloxyaeetic acid, that is antipyrin or phen- yldimethylpyrazolon methylethylglycolate. It contains about 61 per cent, of antipyrin, and occurs as a white powder of faint odor and pleasant acidulous taste. It is offered as an antipyretic and analgesic. Dose, 8 to 15 grains. — Mfrs.: Riedel & Co., Berlin and New York. ASUROL is defined as "aniido-oxyisobutyric acid-oxy- mercurisalicylate of sodium." It contains about 40 per cent, of metallic mercury and has been introduced as a water-soluble mercurial for subcutaneous and intramus- cular injection. It is marketed also in ampuls containing 2.2 c.c. of a 5 per cent, solution, which quantity constitutes a hypodermic dose. — Mfr.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York.. ASYPH is the name applied to cacao butter bougies containing 0.02 gram and 0.05 gram, respectively, of metal- lic mercury, and intended for use as an antisyphilitic in the place of inunctions with blue ointment. — Mfr.: Apoth. Cornelius, Strassburg, Germ. ATOPHAN (phenyl-quinoline-carbonic acid) crystallizes in small, colorless, bitter needles melting at 208° to 209° C, insoluble in water but readily soluble in alkali solu- tions or hot alcohol. It is used as an eliminant of uric acid in gout, articular rheumatism and other conditions THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 39 dependent upon an excess of uric acid in the system. Dose, IVz to 15 grains three or four times a day, with a copious draught of water, liberal doses of sodium bicar- bonate being preferably taken simultaneously to prevent precipitation of free uric acid from the urine with pos- sibly resulting renal colic. Marketed only as 7%-grain tablets. — Mfr.: E. Schering, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. ATOXYL is a brand of sodium arsanilate or sodium ami- nophenylarsonate, containing about 26 per cent, of arsenic and corresponding to the formula C 8 H 4 (NH 2 ).(AsO.OH.- ONa) +3H 2 0. It occurs as a white, odorless, tasteless crys- talline powder readily soluble in water. It is claimed to be less poisonous than the ordinary arsenical compounds. Yet untoward sj^mptoms such as blindness have been ob- served after six injections of 0.5 gram (7^ grains) each. Used in skin diseases, cachexias such as accompany car- cinoma, etc. It is generally administered subcutaneously, 1 to 3 grains per day; it is said not to impart a garlicky odor to the breath, perspiration, and dejections, as the cacodylates do. — Mfrs.: Vereingte Chem. Werke, Charlot- tenburg, Germ. ; agts. : Victor Koechl & Co., New York. ATOXYL-MERCURY. See mercury atoxyJate. ATROPINE METHYLBROMIDE, or methyl-atr opine bromide, C ls H 2 6N0 3 Br, has been introduced by Dr. L. Vaupel as a mydriatic, antihydrotic, and antisialogogue, similar to atropine but more speedy and evanescent in action than the latter. It crystallizes in w r hite leaflets containing 21 per cent, of bromine, and readily soluble in water and diluted alcohol. It is applied in 1 per cent, solution. Dose, 1/60 to 1/30 grain— Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; asts * \Ierck &. Co N^ew York ATROPINE METHYLNITRATE is better known by the trade name eumydrin. See this title. ATROSCINE is an optically inactive scopolamine, and forms colorless crystals insoluble in water but soluble in alcohol, ether or chloroform. It has been prescribed as a mydriatic in 1 per cent, solution in castor or peanut oil, and internally as a sedative. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt. Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ATROSOGEN is a digestive powder said to consist of bismuth subnitrate 5 parts, calcium carbonate 12 parts, magnesium carbonate 3 parts, sodium chloride 10 parts, sodium sulphate 3 parts, sodium bicarbonate 65 parts, pepsin 3 parts, and powdered rhubarb 2 parts. — Mfr.: W. F. Weiss, Munich, Germ. AURAMINE is a name applied to pyoktanin yelloiv. an anil in dye used as an antiseptic in certain eye diseases. (See pyoktanin.) AUROCHININ (auroquinine) is a new tasteless quinine, the quinine ester of para-amidobenzoic acid or quinine vara-amidobenzoate. It occurs as a yellowish, crystallins powder, difficultly soluble in cold water, and soluble in 40 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A about 10 parts of boiling water without decomposition. Dose, a little larger than that of quinine sulphate. AVANTOL is a liquid disinfectant and deodorant quali- tatively similar to the older article sanatol, and represent- ing a solution of cresolsulphuric acid. — Mfr.: Wm. Frie- drich, Hanover, Germ, AVENINB, formerly defined as an alkaloid but latterly more correctly described as a resinoid, is an extract of avena sativa claimed to contain the alkaloidal principles present in oats. It occurs as brown, friable masses of aro- matic odor, and soluble in alcohol. It is used as a nerve stimulant in doses of 1/120 to 1/60 grain several times daily, given in pills. — (Nonproprietary.) AZODERMIN is defined as acetylamidoazotoluene, ob- tained by acetylating one of the amide groups in amido- azotoluene. It forms a brick-red powder, which is dif- ficultly soluble in water, more readily soluble in alcohol, and freely so in chloroform; soluble also in hot petrol- atum, oils, and fats. It is used in 8-per-cent. ointments (so marketed) on chronic ulcers, neoplasms, etc., like scarlet red. — Mfrs.: Aktiengesellschaft fur Anilinfabri- kation, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. AZODOLEN is a mixture of equal parts of pellidol and iodolen, occurring as a pale-yellow, nonstaining powder, and is used as a vulnerary in ulcerous lesions. — Mfrs.: Kalle & Co., Biebrich-on-Rh., Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. B BACTERINS (bacterial vaccines) consist of suspensions of killed pathogenic bacteria in normal saline solution, standardized by determining the number of bacteria per c.c. of suspension. They are used in accordance with the principles of Sir A. E. Wright, of London, England. Wright's principles of vaccine therapy are founded on the theory of active immunization; his demonstrations show that certain substances in the blood and other fluids of the animal body act upon bacteria and modify them in such a way that they are taken up and digested by the phagocytes. These substances Wright terms "opsonins," a word derived from the Greek, meaning "to prepare for food." These opsonins may be greatly increased in amount by the injection of killed bacteria. Wright terms standardized and sterilized suspensions of bacteria "vac- cines." As the term "vaccine" more properly refers to virus derived from bovines, the term "bacterins" has been proposed. By the use of bacterins, or bacterial vac- cines, the opsonins and other antibodies in the blood may be increased, and, other things being equal, this increase is characterized clinically by improvement in the patient's condition. When a bacterin is injected into the tissues THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 41 of a patient suffering from an infection of the correspond- ing live germ, the formation of the special opsonin having the power of preparing that germ for phagocytosis is stimulated. The blood and lymph thus enriched, circu- lating through the focus of infection, prepare the invading germ for destruction hy the phagocytes. Bacterial therapy is therefore dependent upon the injection of an appropriate bacterin and the flushing of the focus of invasion by the enriched blood and lymph. The latter is favored by local application of hot salt solution, rubefacients, the use ot the Bier method, surgical incision, massage, and the in- ternal use of drugs such as citric acid, sodium nitrate, etc., which decrease the coagulability of the blood. Bac- terial vaccines are prepared either from germs cultivated in the laboratory or directly from germs isolated from the patient. In the first case they are known as stock vac- cines; in the latter, as autogenous vaccines. Stock vac- cines have been found equal to and sometimes superior to autogenous vaccines in the treatment of infections due to staphylococci, gonococci, and the tubercle bacillus. They are also useful in the treatment of many infections caused by the colon bacillus, streptococcus, and the pneumococcus. Thus we have acne-bacterin, coli-bacterin, Neisser-bacterin, neoformans-bacterin, pneumo-bacterin, etc., etc. — Mfr.: H. K. Mulford Co., Philadelphia, Pa. BARIUM CHLORIDE was recommended a few years ago as a reliable purgative, given intravenously, in the colic of horses — 6 to 20 grains dissolved in 2% drams of water. Very recently Dr. Schedel pointed out its usefulness in human medicine as a cardiac tonic similar in its indica- tions to digitalis. He gives % to % grain twice daily, with a little milk sugar, two hours after the principal meals. The maximum dose is 3 grains. — (Nonproprietary.) BARMENIT is a name given to sodium chloroboratt,* BARUTIN is the name applied to the double salt barium- cent. of theobromine. According to Dr. E. Bibergeil, it is theobromine and sodium salicylate occurring as a white, faintly alkaline, water-soluble powder containing 25 per an efficient diuretic. Dose, 3 to 8 grains, in sweetened solution; acid syrups should be avoided. As the product is very susceptible to the influence of carbon dioxide, which decomposes it, it should be kept well stoppered. — Mfr.: Actengesellschaft fur Anilinfabrikation, Berlin 0, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. BATES' SALT.— See Sal de Bates. BAUME ANALGESIQUE BENGUE is said to consist of 5 parts each of menthol and methyl salicylate and 6 parts of wool-fat. — Agts.: Thomas Leeming & Co., New York. BEBEERINE must not be confounded with berberine. The former is an alkaloid from nectandra or pareira brava of the formula C 19 H 21 N0 3 , and is given in doses of 1/12 to 1% grains, according to the indications. Berberine is the colored alkaloid of berberis vulgaris, hydrastis and soma 42 THE M0DEBN MATERIA MEDIC A other plants, of the formula C 20 H 17 NO 4 , and is administered in doses of 1 to 15 grains. — (Nonproprietary.) BENETOL, defined as naphthol glycerite, is a liquid antiseptic and germicide, consisting, according to analyses made in the chemical laboratories of the American Med- ical Association, of about 18 grams of alphanaphthol in 100 c.c. of a solvent consisting of water, glycerin and soap. — Mfrs,: Northern Chem. Association, Minneapolis, Minn. BENZACETIN (acetamidoethylsalicylic acid), C 6 H 8 (OC 2 - H 5 ) (NH.COCH 3 )COOH, occurs as colorless needles spar- ingly soluble in water, but more readily soluble in alcohol. It is employed as an analgesic and antineuralgic. Dose, IY2 to 15 grains. — (Nonproprietary.) BENZAMIDE-ANTIPYRIN. See plejapyrine. BENZAMIDO-SEMICARBAZIDE is the chemicaTdesig- nation for the article marketed as cryogenin, which see. BENZANALGEN is synonymous with quinalgen. BENZANILID (benzoyl-anilin or phenyl-benzamide) oc- curs in white to reddish crystals, readily soluble in alcohol but nearly insoluble in water. It is used as a mild anti- pyretic, especially in the infectious diseases of children, in doses of iy 2 to 6 grains; adults receive 10 to 15 grains per dose. — Mir.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. BENZCAIN is a name given to guaiacol "benzyl ester, a substance employed as a local anesthetic, particularly by cataphoresis. BENZENE or benzol is used to a limited extent as an antispasmodic and anticatarrhal in whooping cough, in- fluenza, etc., in doses of 2 to 10 minims every three hours, taken in emulsion, in capsules, or on sugar. Maximum dose, 45 minims.— (Official.) BENZO-EUGENOL (benzoyheugenol or eugenol benzoaie) results from the action of benzoyl chloride upon eugenol- sodium, and occurs in white, odorless crystals which are soluble in alcohol and ether but insoluble in water. It is prescribed in tuberculosis in place of benzosol, also in neu- ralgic headache. Dose, 7% to 15 grains. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. BENZOFORMOL COMPOUND is Mulford's liquor anti- septicus, each fluid ounce of which contains glycerite boro- glycerin 40 grains, sodium borate 12% grains, sodium benzoate 1% grains, sodium sulphocarbolate % grain, solu- tion formaldehyde % minim, camphor % grain, eucalyptol Ys minim, menthol % grain, and oil gaultheria 9/10 minim. —Mfrs.: H. K. Mulford Co., Philadelphia, Pa. BENZOIC ACID BENZYL ESTER is peruscabin. BENZOIC ACID SULPHINID is saccharin. BENZOMORPHINE is an English trade name for benzyl- morphine hydrochloride or peronin. BENZONAPHTOL (naphtol benzoate), C e H 5 .COO.C ie H 7 , is obtained by melting together equal parts of beta-naphtol and benzoyl chloride. It forms a whitish crystalline pow- THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 48 der, soluble in alcohol and chloroform, almost insoluble in water; it darkens with age. It is given as an intestinal antiseptic in diarrheal affections. Dose, 5 to 10 grains sev- eral times daily, up to 75 grains a day; children receive 10 to 30 grains in the course of a day. — (Nonproprietary.) BENZOSALIN is the trade name applied to the methyl ester of benzoyls alley lie acid. It occurs in minute white needles, possessing a faint aromatic odor and scarcely any taste; readily soluble in alcohol, and practically in- soluble in water; decomposed by alkalies; melting-point, 85° C. It is intended as an antirheumatic and intestinal antiseptic, analogous to salol. Dose, 7^5 to 15 grains singly, 45 to 60 grains per day, in tablets, in which form alone the article is marketed. — Mfrs.: Hoffmann-La Roche Chem. Works, Basle (Switzerland) and New York. BENZOSOL is guaiacol benzoate or benzoyl-guaiacol, C 6 H 4 .OCH 3 .COO.C 6 H 5 , a compound of guaiacol in which a hydrogen atom of its hydroxyl is replaced by benzoyl. It occurs as a white, crystalline powder of slight odor and taste; readily soluble in hot alcohol, ether or chloroform; insoluble in water; guaiacol content, about 54 per cent. It is incompatible with alkalies. It is employed chiefly as an intestinal antiseptic; also in diabetes, cystitis, etc. Dose, 4 to 8 grains, after meals. — Mfrs.: Farbwerke, Hoechst-on-M., Germ.; agts.: V. Koechl & Co., New York. BENZOTHYMOL is a liquid antiseptic containing thy- mol, eucalyptol, menthol, baptisia, methyl salicylate, boric acid and benzoic acid; apparently analogous to the U. S. P. Liquor Antisepticus. — Mfrs.: Sharp & Dohme, Baltimore, Md. BENZOTHYMOL MODIFIED is the same as the preced- ing but without benzoic acid, hence may be dispensed with tincture iron chloride. — Mfrs.: Sharp & Dohme, Baltimore, Md. BENZOYLACETYL PEROXIDE is the chemical designa- tion for acetozone. BENZOYL-ANILIN is a synonym of benzanilid. BENZOYL-ARBUTIN.— See cellotropin. BENZOYL-ETHYL-DIMETHYLAMINOPROPANOL HY- DROCHLORIDE.— See stovaine. BENZOYL-EUGENOL.— See benzo-eugenol. BENZOYL-GUAIACOL— See benzosol. BENZOYL-PARA-CRESOL (para-cresol benzoate) occurs as colorless crystals melting at about 70 to 71° C, soluble in hot alcohol and ether, and insoluble in water. It is used as an intestinal antiseptic. Dose, 4 to 8 grains. BENZOYL PEROXIDE (benzoyl superoxide), C«H 5 .CO.- O.O.CO.C 6 H 6 , is prepared by treating commercial sodium peroxide (5 parts) with an equimolecular quantity of ben- zoyl chloride (9 parts) at about 4° C. The resulting pre- cipitate is filtered off and recrystallized from hot alcohol. It occurs as permanent, non-deliquescent, white, odorless prisms melting at about 103° C, slightly soluble in water, 44 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A more readily soluble in alcohol, and dissolving in 35 to 50 parts of olive oil. According to Dr. Loewenhart, benzoyl peroxide is an indifferent substance when taken internally, but a mild anesthetic and powerful disinfectant when ap- plied externally. It has been used as a wound antiseptic and dermic, pure or in 10-per cent, ointment, or as concen- trated solution in olive oil. — Mfrs.: Hynson, Westcott & Co., Baltimore, Md. BENZOYL-PSEUDOTROPEINE is the chemical designa- tion of the article marketed as tropacocaine. BENZOYL-SALICYLIC-ACID METHYL ESTER.— See D 67lZ0SdT%7l BENZOYLSODIUM-THYMOL OXYBENZOATE is known in the trade as pyran or pyrenol. BENZOZONE is the old name for acetozone. BENZYL-MORPHINE.— See peronin. BERBERINE is the colored alkaloid contained in ber- beris vulgaris, Hydrastis and other plants, of the formula C 20 H 17 NO 4 . It is used only in the form of its salts, as a bitter tonic and antiperiodic. Beroerine hydrochloride, C 20 H 17 NO 4 .HCl-{-2H 2 O, occurs as a yellow powder or fine crystals, soluble in about 300 parts of water and slightly soluble in alcohol. Beroerine phosphate, (C 20 H ls NO 4 ) s .(H g - P0 4 ) 2 +5H 2 0, occurs as a yellow crystalline powder rather freely soluble in water; oeroerine sulphate (crystalline), C 20 H 18 NO. 4 .HSO 4 , forms yellow needles soluble in water and in alcohol. Dose of the various salts, as a stomachic tonic V2 to 1 grain proprietary.) BETA-EUCAINE.— See eucaine. BETA-IMIDOAZOLYLETHYLAMINE.— See under imido. BETA-LYSOL is a trade name for liquor cresoli sapon- atus of the German Pharmacopoeia. — Schiilke & Mayr, Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. BETA-NAPHTOL BENZOATE is described under oenzo* naphtol. BETA-NAPHTOL-BISMUTH is better known as orphol. BETA-NAPHTOL SALICYLATE is betol. BETAINE HYDROCHLORIDE.— See acidol. BETATRINAPHTHYL PHOSPHATE.— See enteroseptyl. BETOL, also known as naphtalol, naphtol- salol, sali- naphtol, salicylic acid oeta-naphtol ester, oeta-naphtol sali- cylate, C 6 H 4 .OH.COO.C 10 H 7 , is obtained by heating beta- naphtol-sodium and sodium salicylate with phosphorus oxychioride, and occurs as a white, glistening powder, soluble in hot alcohol, insoluble in water. It is used In intestinal disorders, gonorrheal cystitis, articular rheuma- tism, etc. Dose, 4 to 10 grains three or four times daily, given in wafers or with milk. — (Nonproprietary.) BETULOL is a liniment containing oil of betula as its chief ingredient and employed externally in rheumatism and gout. — Mfrs.: Anglo- Amer. Pharm. Co., New York; agts.: E. Fougera, New York. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 45 BIGALL is a German trade name for bismuth subgallate. BILATIN is a nutritive consisting of fat-free dried milk and ovolecithin. BILEIN is the name given to a mixture of the essential salts of bile, sodium glycoeholate and taurocholate, offered as a cholagogue and laxative, and marketed as tablets. Used in place of ox-gall. — Mfrs.: Abbott Alkaloidal Co., Chicago, 111. BILISAN, advertised as a remedy for the treatment of gall-stones, is said to be a tincture of rhubarb. BIODAL is defined as mono-iodo-di'bismuth-metJiylene dicreeotinate. It is used as a dusting-powder on wounds. — Mfrs.: A. C. Barnes Chem. Co., Philadelphia, Pa. BIODILIN is a fine, brownish-red, almost tasteless pow- der, having a slight odor like that of peach kernels, prac- tically insoluble in water, ether or alcohol, decomposed slowly by dilute alkalies (resulting in the liberation of iodine and quinoline), and containing 53 per cent, of iodine, 30 per cent, of bismuth, and 17 per cent, of quino- line. It is used externally as a substitute for iodoform, and internally as an intestinal disinfectant and astringent. Dose, 2 to 6 grains.— Mfrs. : John Wyeth & Bro., Philadel- phia, Pa. BIOFERRIN is a liquid hemoglobin-albumin preparation which is administered as a blood-builder to children in doses of 1 to 4 fluid drams per day, and to adults in daily quantities of % to 1 oz. — Mfrs.: Kalle & Co., Biebrich-on- Rh., Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. BIOGEN (liopogan) is said to be magnesium peroxide (Mg0 2 ) and described as an odorless, tasteless, permanent, insoluble white powder, which is used "whenever the sys- tem vitality is reduced from any cause, when there is tem- porary or protracted failure on the part of the organs to perform their functions, and when it is required to in- crease nutrition," etc. Dose, 5 to 15 grains every three or four hours. Marketed also as 5-grain tablets. — Owners: Medicinal Dioxide Co., New York. BIOGUAIACOL. See guaiacol phosphate. BIOLACTYL is a culture of the lactic acid bacillus, fur- nished in liquid form and as tablets. BIOPLASM is a so-called "tissue food" containing "nu- clein, lecithin, diastase, trypsin, fibrinogen, and other or- ganic ferments." It is a light-gray powder of sweet taste and soluble in aqueous fluids. It is usually given in 5 to 15 grain doses several times a day, and allowed to dissolve in the mouth, and the patient is enjoined to drink water freely during the day. The article must be kept securely stoppered; moisture and light decompose it. It is mar- keted also as 5-grain tablets. — Mfrs.: Bioplasm Mfg. Co., New York. BIOSON is described as an albumin-iron-lecithin com- pound, made from casein and containing 0.24 per cent, of iron and 1.2 per cent, of lecithin. It occurs a brownish- 46 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA gray powder, not unpleasant in taste and almost com- pletely soluble in water. Dr. M. Heim rcommends it as a nutritive. Dose, 1 to 3 ozs. per day, in milk, beef-tea, etc. — Mfr.: Biosonwerke, Bensheim, Germ. BIS-FORMA-SAL is a name constructed from fcismuth, formaldehyde, and saZicylic acid, from which the product is made. Chemically, the article is defined as bismuth methylene disalicylate, and forms a white, odorless, in- soluble powder. It is used as an intestinal antiseptic and astringent; also as a vulnerary. Dose, 10 to 20 grains. See caution under formaldehyde. — Mfr.: Organic Chem. Mfg. Co., Fort Washington, Pa. BISMACOL is a liquid preparation used as a gas- trointestinal astringent and antiseptic, each fluid ounce of which is said to contain hydrated bismuth oxide 12 grains, magnesium salicylate from natural acid 1 grain, geranium maculatum 32 grains, pancreatin 4 grains, potas- sium guaiacol-sulphonate 4 grains, calcium phenolsulphon- ate 1 grain, chloroform 2 minims, and mucilage of elm 10 grains. Dose, a teaspoonful to a tablespoonful. — Mfrs.: Win. S. Merrell Chem. Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. BISMAL is chemically bismuth methylenedigallate, 4Ci B - H 12 O 10 +3Bi(OH) 3 , and occurs as a grayish-brown, volumi- nous powder insoluble in the ordinary solvents, and em- ployed as an intestinal astringent, chiefly in chronic diar- rheas. Dose, 2 to 5 grains three to six times a day. See caution under formaldehyde. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. BISMON is colloidal bismuth-oxide, "a peculiar com- pound of lysalbin- and protalbin-sodium and bismuth meta- hydroxide." It occurs as a reddish powder, freely soluble in water. It contains 20 per cent, of bismuth, equivalent to 22.3 per cent, of bismuth oxide. According to Dr. Kinner, it is a good gastro-intestinal tonic and anti- diarrheal; he gives children 4 to 8 grains three to six times daily. — Mfrs.: Kalle & Co., Biebrich-on-Rb., Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. BISMUTAL or bismutol is described as a mixture of soluble bismuth phosphate and sodium salicylate, which serves as a wound-antiseptic as well as antidiarrheal. — Mfr.: Apotheker Radlauer, Berlin, Germ. BISMUTAN is an antidiarrheal remedy consisting of bismuth, resorcin and tannin, and occurring as a yellow, odorless, slightly sweet powder, which is insoluble in water. Dose for adults, 8 to 15 grains, taken as powders or in shake mixtures. — Mfr.: Apotheker Mindes, Zurich, Swit- zerland. BISMUTH BETA-NAPHTOLATE is better known on this market as orphol and will be referred to under that heading. BISMUTH BITANNATE.— See tannismuth. BISMUTH BOROPHENATE.— See markasol. BISMUTH CHRYSOPHANATE.— See dermoh THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 47 BISMUTH CINNAMATE is better known by the trade name fietoform, which see. BISMUTH COLLOIDAL.— See bismon. BISMUTH DIBROMO-BETA-OXYNAPHTOLATE.—See Tl € J Jc 771 €71 BISMUTH DILACTOTANNATE is the chemical designa- tion for lactannin, which see. BISMUTH DISALICYLATE is obtained by the decom- position of a solution of a normal bismuth salt with a normal salicylate, the base of which forms soluble salts with the acid of the bismuth salt, without causing any elevation of temperature, which latter would provoke de- composition of the newly formed disalicylate. The sali- cylic acid liberated is removed w r ith an indifferent solvent or neutralized and dissolved out. Bismuth disalicylate occurs as a fine, white, tasteless powder having a faint sweetish after-taste. Its aqueous suspension gives a violet color reaction with ferric chloride. It contains 48 to 50 per cent, of bismuth oxide and 50 to 52 per cent, of sali- cylic acid. It is employed as an intestinal astringent and antizymotic. Average dose, 12 grains, one to four times daily. — Mfrs.: Hey den Chem. Works, Radebeul (Germ.) and New York. BISMUTH DITANNATE.— See tannismuth. BISMUTH DITHIOSALICYLATE is a synonym of thio- form. BISMUTH FORMIC IODIDE, according to the descrip- tion given by the manufacturers, appears to be a mixture of glutol (formaldehyde-gelatin), aristol, and bismuth oxy- iodide. It is employed as a surgical antiseptic and sic- cative on wounds, ulcers, burns, skin diseases, etc. — Mfrs.: H. K. Mulford Co., Philadelphia, Pa. BISMUTH FORMIC IODIDE COMPOUND is said to contain in each ounce acetanilide 58 grains, zinc sulpho- carbolate 10 grains, bismuth subgallate 20 grains, "bis- muth formic iodide'* 70 grains, alum 3 grains, boric acid 100 grains, thymol, menthol, eucalyptol, and inert base q. s. Its uses are the same as the preceding article, — Mfrs.: H. K. Mulford Co., Philadelphia, Pa. BISMUTH IODOSALICYLATE.— See iodylin. BISMUTH METHYLENEDIGALLATE is described un- der "hiswiciT BISMUTH METHYLENEDISALICYLATE is the chemi- cal name of bisformasal. BISMUTH-NAPHTALIN BENZOATE will be referred to under i7it6sti?i BISMUTH NOSOPHENATE.— See eudoxine. BISMUTH OXIDE, COLLOIDAL, is marketed as bismon, which see. BISMUTH OXYIODOGALLATE is the chemical designa- tion for airol, under which heading it is described. BISMUTH OXYIODOMETHYLENEDIGALLATE is iodo- muth, which see. 48 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA BISMUTH OXYIODOMETHYLGALLATE is described under iodogallicin. BISMUTH OXYIODOTANNATE is the chemical syno- nym of ibit, which see. BISMUTH PHENOLSULPHONATE.— See bismuth sul- phocarbolate. BISMUTH PHOSPHATE SOLUBLE (bisol) is a water- soluble bismuth compound containing besides some sodium phosphate, 20 per cent, of bismuth oxide. It forms a white, odorless powder of faintly alkaline taste, and is prescribed as a gastro-intestinal astringent in doses of from 3 to 8 grains several times daily. — (Nonproprietary.) BISMUTH PROTEINATE is a synonym of bismutose, which see. BISMUTH PYROGALLATE, [C G H 3 (OH) 2 0] 2 BiOH, also known as Jielcosol and pyrogallol-bismuth, occurs as a yellow or greenish-yellow, odorless and tasteless powder, soluble in acids but insoluble in the usual solvents; it con- tains 60 per cent, of Bi 2 3 . It is employed internally as an intestinal disinfectant and astringent, and externally in certain skin diseases similarly to bismuth subgallate. Dose, 5 to 15 grains. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. BISMUTH RESORCINATE, or resor Gin-bismuth, is a compound of somewhat variable composition but contain- ing about 40 per cent, of Bi 2 3 ; a yellowish-brown powder insoluble in water. It is used in gastric catarrh, abnormal gastric fermentation, and the like. Dose, 2 to 8 grains several times daily. BISMUTH SUBGALLATE, also known as dermatol and basic bismuth gallate, is now official in the U. S. P. BISMUTH SULPHOCARBOLATE, or bismuth sulpho- phenate or phenolsulphonate, occurs as a pale-reddish pow- der, partially soluble in water. It has been recommended by Dr. Hugh Woods in fever patients with fetid breath and coated tongue, and in fermentative dyspepsia and typhoid fever. Dose, 3 to 8 grains three or four times a day. — ( NonproDrietary. ) BISMUTH TETRABROMPYROCATECHINATE. — See noviform. BISMUTH TRIBROMPHENOLATE.— See xeroform. BISMUTHAL is a milky liquid said to contain in each 100 c.c. "lac bismuthi citratis" (containing 7.6 per cent, of anhydrous bismuth citrate) 44 c.c, pepsin 3.5 grams, glyc- erin 40 grams, and small quantities of lactic acid, ginger and cherry-laurel water, and 5 per cent, of alcohol. It is used as an intestinal astringent and stomachic. This ar- ticle must not be confounded with bismutal, or bismutol. — Mfrs.: National Pharmacy Co., Oakland, Cal. BISMUTH AND IRON CITRATE SOLUBLE occurs as yellowish-green scales of a saline, mildly ferruginous taste, containing about 20 per cent, of bismuth and 9 per cent, of iron, and readily soluble in water. It is prescribed as a THE MODEEN MATERIA MEDIC A 49 gastric sedative and hematinic. Dose, 5 to 10 grains. — Mfrs.: Burroughs, Wellcome & Co., London and New York. BISMUTH AND LITHIUM CITRATE SOLUBLE con- tains between 40 and 45 per cent, of bismuth and from 2.5 to 3 per cent, of lithium. It occurs in colorless scales that are readily soluble in water, and is employed mainly in gouty dyspepsia. Dose, 2 to 5 grains. — Mfrs.: Burroughs, Wellcome & Co., London and New York. BISMUTOSE (bismuth proteinate) is a bismuth-albumin compound that occurs as a yellowish-white, fine, odorless and tasteless powder containing 22 per cent, of bismuth, insoluble in water or alcohol but soluble in solutions of the alkalies. It is used principally as an intestinal astrin- gent and a protective to the mucosa of the gastro-intestinal canal, chiefly in children; to a limited extent externally in intertrigo and burns. Dose, for children under 6 months of age, 15 to 30 grains hourly; older children take a tea- spoonful at a dose. On exposure to light, bismutose grad- ually assumes a slate-gray color; it should hence be kept protected from light. — Mfrs.: Kalie & Co., Biebrich, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. BISOL is a brand name for bismuth phosphate soluble. — Agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. BLANDINE COMPOUND is Mulford's petrolatum liqui- datum compositum. Each fluid ounce contains l 1 /^ grains of camphor, 1/5 grain of menthol, 1/5 grain of thymol, % grain of eucalyptol, IY2 minims of gaultheria oil, and 1/40 grain of hydrastine, in liquid petrolatum. It is exploited as a rhinopharyngeal antiseptic spray. — Mfrs.: H. K. Mul- ford Co., Philadelphia, Pa. BLENAL is the carbonic ester of santalol of the formula (C 15 H 2 0) 2 CO, and occurs as a brownish, oily, odorless and nearly tasteless liquid, soluble in alcohol or ether but in- soluble in water. It contains about 94 per cent, of santalol, and is employed in place of oil of sandalwood as an anti- catarrhal in gonorrhea, cystitis, etc. It is slowly decom- posed by the alkaline intestinal secretion into carbonic acid and santalol. It is apparently analogous to santyl. Marketed in 5-minim capsules. Dose, 1 to 3 capsules three times daily. — Mfrs.: Heyden Chem. Works, Radebeul (Germ.) and New York. BLENNORSAN is a new name applied to the product formerly known as gonoryl, the active constituent of which is said to be 33 per cent, of fluid extract of ranjan (ixora coccina). It is offered as an antigonorrheic, and is mar- keted in tablet form.— Mfr.: Chem. Fabrik Erfurt, Erfurt- Ilversgehofen. Germ. BLENNOSTASINE is the trade name applied to cin- chonidine dihydrobromide, C 19 H 22 N 2 0(HBr 2 ). The article occurs as light-yellow, odorless, deliquescent, and very bitter prisms that are readily soluble in water, less so in alcohol, and insoluble in ether or chloroform. It is em- ployed chiefly in acute coryza, "colds" in the head, and 50 THE MODEBJS MATERIA MEDIO A hoarseness from catarrhal hypersecretion, in which affec- tions it has a drying-up effect like belladonna. Dose,, 1 to 5 grains, according to the effect desired. It is also mar- keted as 1, 3, and 5-grain pills. — Mfrs.: McKesson & Rob- bins, New York. BLENOTIN is the name given to capsules containing 0.16 gram of oil sandalwood 0.02 gram of myrrh, 0.02 gram of camphor, 0.12 gram of hexamethylenamine, 0.11 gram of boric acid, and 0.02 gram of mushroom extract. The capsules are used in gonorrhea. — Mfrs.: Krewel & Co., Cologne, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. BLUTAN is an alcohol-free, carbonated solution of acid- albumin, iron and manganese peptonate, containing 0.6 per cent, of iron and 0.1 per cent, of manganese. It is used as a hematopoietic. Marketed also as ci?ichona-blatan, containing the equivalent in cinchona alkaloids of 1 per cent, of cinchona bark; diabetic blutan, the same as blutan but without sugar; iodoblutan, carrying 0.1 per cent, of iodine; and as bromoblutan, carrying 0.1 per cent, of bro- mine. Dose, a teaspoonful to a tablespoonful. — Mfr.: Cheni. Fabrik "Helfenberg," Helfenberg, Germ.; agts.: Reinschild Chem. Co., New York. BOCARAL is an antiseptic dusting-powder containing boric acid, alum, carbolic acid, eucalyptol, methyl salicy- late, menthol, and thymol. — Mfrs.: Sharp & Dohme, Balti- more, Md. BONE MARROW, RED, consists of more than 90 per cent, of fat. In new-born animals one-third or more of this fat is lecithin, and the marrow contains about 1 per cent, of iron. Both lecithin and iron decrease rapidly during the first few weeks after birth. The commercial preparations contain variable amounts of these constitu- ents. Red bone-marrow is supposed to stimulate the for- mation of red blood-corpuscles, and has been recommended in simple and pernicious anemias. BORACETANILID, as its name applies, is an intimate mixture of boric acid (75) and acetanilid (25). It is used as a wound antiseptic in the pure form. — Mfrs.: John Wyeth & Bro., Philadelphia, Pa. BORNEOL BROMVALERATE.— See brovalol BORNEOL DIBROMDIHYDROCINNAMATE.— See ada- mon. BORNEOL ISOVALERATE (bornyl valerate), also known as bornyval, is the isovaleric acid ester of borneol. It is a clear liquid of aromatic odor, and is used as a nerve sedative and aneleptic. Dose, 4 minims, in capsules. — ( Nonproprietary. ) BORNYVAL is a trade name for borneol isovalerate. — Mfrs.: Riedel & Co., Berlin and New York. BOROCALENDULA is "an intimate, thoroughly tritu- rated combination of boric acid, acetanilide, and the valu- able astringent and healing constituents of hydrastis and calendula." It is used as a vulnerary, and as an astrin- THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 51 gent injection (1 to 2 per cent, solution). — Mfrs.: Wm. S. Merrell Chem. Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. BORO-CHLORETOME is a combination of 3 parts of boric acid and 1 part of chloretone, intended for use as a dusting-powder on painful wounds.— Mfrs. : Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. BOROFORM is a condensation product of sodium glycero- borate and formaldehyde, a clear liquid of specific gravity 1.150, having an odor recalling that of the aldehyde. It is used in substance and as 10-per-cent. ointment on wounds, like iodoform. — Mfr.: Phil. Roder, Vienna, Aust. BORO-FQRMALIN is a liquid antiseptic analogous some- what to the official liquor antisepticus, and containing boric, benzoic and salicylic acids, together with resorcin, menthol, thymol, eucalyptol and formaldehyde. — Mfrs.: Eimer & Amend, New York. BOROL is a name that has been applied to an anti- septic solution each fluid ounce of which is said to rep- resent sodium borate 12 grains, sodium bicarbonate 12 grains, sodium benzoate 5 grains, glycerin 90 minims, eu- calyptol *4 minim, thymol 5/16 grain, menthol V 8 grain, and oil of pinus pumilio "q. s." It is applied to wounds, etc., in full strength; it is used as a gargle or irrigation diluted with 5 to 10 volumes of water. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. BOROLYPTOL is a liquid antiseptic for internal and external use, "containing 0.2 per cent, of formaldehyde, 5 per cent, of aceto-boroglyceride, and the active balsamic constituents of eucalyptus, myrrh, pinus pumilio, storax, and benzoin." — Mfrs.: Palisade Mfg. Co., Y r onkers, N. Y. BOROPHLOGINE consists, according to the manufac- turers, of "potassium iodide, glycerin, thymol, eucalyptol, and menthol, combined with a specially prepared and puri- fied base composed of silica, magnesia, and alumina." It is a smooth, plastic surgical dressing, intended as a substi- tute for the ordinary poultice in the topical treatment of congestions and inflammations. — Mfrs.: H. K. Wampole & Co., Philadelphia, Pa. BOROVERTIN (hexamethylenetetrarnine triborate) oc- curs as a white, slightly acid, water-soluble, bitter powder containing 51.5 per cent, of hexamethylenetetrarnine and 48.5 per cent, of anhydrous boric acid, and soluble in about 11 parts of water and 500 parts of alcohol. It is sup- posed to combine the properties of its two components, and hence is used as a urinary antiseptic and disinfectant. Dose, 5 to 10 grains several times daily. It should be noted that the use even externally of formaldehyde prep- arations or of compounds that may produce it involves a possibility of bad effect on eyesight, it having been sug- gested that the poisonous and sight-destroying effect of wood alcohol is due to its decomposition into formic acid in the system, which acid may be produced from formal- dehyde, it being an intermediate product in the change of 52 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A wood alcohol to formic acid. The acid may also be lib- erated from formates. — Mfr.: Actiengesellschaft fur Anilin- fabrikation, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. BORSALYL is said to be a mixture of 25 parts of boric acid and 32 parts of sodium salicylate; an antiseptic. BORSYL is a powder used in excessive perspiration. It is reported to consist of 1 part of borax, 0.5 part of sperma- ceti, 28 parts of boric acid, 69.5 parts of talcum and 1 part of acetyl alcohol.— Mfr. : Chem. Fabrik. "Borsyi," Dahme, Germany. BOVININE is described as a sterile mixture prepared from defibrinated arterial blood of steers, by a cold pro- cess. It contains oxyhemaglobin, proteins, albumins, or- ganic iron and sodium chloride, with alcohol and glycerin. It is used as a general nutritive tonic. — Mfrs.: Bovinine Co., New York. BOVOVACCINE is Prof, von Behring's antitubercular substance used for the prevention of tuberculosis in cattle. — Mfrs.: Behringwerk, Marburg, Germany; agts.: C. Bisch- off & Co., Inc., New York. BRAUSAN are compressed briquets for use in preparing carbonic-acid and boric-acid (or, rather, borax) baths at one and the same time. These bath bricks are also sup- plied with a sulphur or iron base. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik. "Helfenberg," Helfenberg, Germany; agts.: Reinschild Chem. Co., New York. BRENZCAIN is the terse name applied to guaiacol ben- zylic ether or pyro Cbrenz) catechin methylbenzyl ether. It occurs in white crystals, soluble in alcohol, etner or vasogen; insoluble in water. It is said to possess the ad- vantages of guaiacol without its irritant action. It is used, however, chiefly in the production of local anesthesia by cataphoresis. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ., agts.: Merck & Co., New York. BRENZ (PYRO) CATECHIN DIMETHYL ETHER — See veratrole. BRENZ (PYRO) CATECHIN ETHYL ETHER is a syno- nym of guaethol, and will be referred to under that title. BRENZ (PYRO) CATECHIN METHYL-BENZYL ETHER is described under brenzcain. BROMACETANILID is described under antisepsin. BROMALBIN is a pulverulent organic compound of albu- men and bromine containing about 18 per cent, of the lat- ter; slowly soluble in alkaline liquids, insoluble in water and acid media. It is used as a succedaneum for the alkali bromides. Dose, 5 to 15 grains. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. BROMALIN, or bromethylformin, or hexamethyl- enetetramine bromethylate, (CH^oN^.CoHgBr, results from the action of ethyl bromide upon hexamethylenetetramine. It occurs as white crystals, soluble in water. It is used as a substitute for the alkali bromides in doses of 30 to 60 grains several times daily. See caution under formalde- THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 53 hyde. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. BROMANILID is referred to under the synonym anti- sepsin. BROMDIETHYLACETAMIDE — See neuronal. BROM-EIGON is described under the collective title eigons. BROMEINE is a French designation for codeine hydro- bromide. BROMELIN is a digestive enzyme obtained from the pineapple (brornelia ananas), stated to be similar in action to pepsin and papain. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit. Mich. BROMETHYLFORMIN is a synonym of bromalin. BROMETONE is the terse name applied to tribrom- tertiary-butyl alcohol, CBr 3 .2CH 3 COH, resulting from the action of caustic alkali upon a mixture of bromoform and acetone. It occurs as fine, white crystals of camphoraceous odor and taste, readily soluble in alcohol, ether or chloro- form, and but slightly soluble in water. It is used as a nerve-sedative and antispasmodic. Dose, 5 to 10 grains, in capsules or syrup. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. BROMIDIA has been described as a mixture containing in each fluid dram 15 grains each of potassium bromide and chloral hydrate, 1 grain each of extract hycscyamus and extract cannabis indica, 5/16 drop of anise oil, with water and syrup and a small quantity of acacia. It is used as a nerve sedative and hypnotic. Dose, 1 fluid dram, in water. — Mfrs.: Battle & Co., St. Louis, Mo. BROMINOL is a brominized sesame oil, like bromipin, introduced by Win. Martindale of London. BROMIPIN is a bromine addition product of sesame oil, in which the unsaturated fatty acids or their glycerin esters are partially transformed into saturated bromine- substituted fatty acids or their glycerides. It occurs as a yellow, oily liquid in the main similar in physical prop- erties to sesame oil, and is recommended as an efficient substitute for the alkali bromides in epilepsy, cardiac pal- pitation, etc., whenever the latter drugs give rise to dis- turbances. It contains 10 per cent, of bromine. Dose, 1 to 4 drams, three or four times daily. It is generally pre- scribed in capsules. Bromipin gets turbid when exposed to a low temperature, and should hence be kept in a moderately warm place in winter. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts. : Merck & Co., New York. BROMIPIN 33%% is brominized sesame oil containing 33% per cent, of bromine. Dose, 20 to 60 grains. Marketed also as capsules holding 30 grains and as tablets containing about 20 grains. — Mfrs.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. BROMLECITHIN is a compound of bromine and lecithin containing about 30 per cent, of Br. occurring as brown, 54 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIOA waxy masses, and claiming to be more assimilable than lecithin pure besides having sedative action. It is used in nervous diseases. Dose, 1 to 3 grains three times a day, in pills. — Mfrs.: Actiengesellschaft fur Anilinfabrikation, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. BROMO-ALBUMIN is described under its more common designation, bromosin. BROMOCHLORAL is a liquid hypnotic and sedative, each fluid dram of which is said to contain chloral hydrate 15 grains, potassium bromide 15 grains, extract cannabis ihdiea % grain, and extract hyoscyamus Ys grain. Dose, a teaspoonful. — Mfrs.: Wm. S. Merrell Chem. Co., Cincin- nati, O. BROMOCOLL is a bromine-tannin-gelatin compound con- taining 20 per cent, of bromine organically combined. It forms a yellowish, odorless, tasteless powder; insoluble in the usual solvents, but soluble in alkaline fluids. It is an- other of the modern succedanea for the alkali bromides being used in epilepsy and other nervous affections; it is also used externally as an antipruritic in various skin dis- eases, and is hence marketed also as a 20 per cent, oint- ment (with resorcin as the base); 10 per cent, solution (effected with the aid of borax 6, to 10 of bromocoll), dusting-powder, suppositories and soap. Bromocoll soluble contains borax as the solvent adjunct. — Mfr.: Actiengesell- schaft fur Anilinfabrikation, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. BROMOFORM (formyl or methenyl tribromide; tribrom- methane), CHBr 3 , is now official. BROMOGLIDINE is a compound of bromine and glidine (wheat protein), insoluble in water or alcohol, and mar- keted as tablets each containing % grain of bromine. It is offered as a succedaneum for the alkali bromides. Dose, 1 to 3 tablets three times a day. — Mfr.: V. Klopfer, Dres- den-Leubnitz, Germ.; agts.: Menley & James, New York. BROMOHEMOL, or hemol bromide, is hemol with 2.7 per cent, of bromine; a brown, insoluble powder, intro- duced as an easily assimilable nerve tonic and sedative. Dose, 15 grains three times a day. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darm- stadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. BROMOL.— See trior omphenol. BROMOLEIN is the name applied to a sterilized addi- tion-product of the unsaturated fatty acids of almond oil. The article occurs as a yellow, odorless, oily liquid, con- taining 20 per cent, of bromine, and used subcutaneously where bromides are ordinarily employed. Dose, % to 2 fluid drams. BROMOMANGAN (liquor ferro-mangani bromopeptonati) is ferromangan with the addition of 3 per cent, of bromo- peptone (containing 11 per cent, of bromine). It presents a clear dark-brown liquid of agreeable odor and taste. It is prescribed as a nerve tonic and hematinic. Dose, a tea- spoonful to a tablespoonful. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik Helfen- TELE MODEBN MATERIA MEDICA 55 berg, near Dresden (Germany); agts.: Reinschnd Chem. Co., New York. BROMOTAN fbromtanninrmethylenurea) is described as "a condensation product of formaldehyde, bromtannin and urea." It occurs as a fine, bulky, yellowish-brown, odorless powder which is insoluble in water, and is of- fered as an antiseptic and antipruritic dermic and vul- nerary. It is used chiefly in 10 per cent, dusting-powder or ointment. — Mfr.: Dr. A. Voswinkel, Berlin W, Germ. BROMOPEPTONE (peptobromeigon) is referred to un- der the eigons. BROMOPHENOL, or monob7omphe?iol, is referred to un- der the latter title. BROM-PROTYLIN— See under protylin. BROM-SALIFEBRIN.— See antinervin. BROMURAL is the trade name adopted for monobrom- isovalerianyl-urea a condensation product of isovalerianic acid and bromisovalerianyl bromide. It occurs as white, nearly tasteless needles, readily soluble in alcohol and alkali solutions, sparingly soluble in water and melting at about 145° C. It is offered as a nerve sedative and mild hypnotic. Dose, 3 to 10 grains, as tablets (so marketed). — Mfrs.: Knoll & Co., Ludwigshafen-on-Rh. (Germany) and New York. BROMVALIDOL is the name applied to tablets, each of which contains 1 gram of sodium bromide, 0.1 gram cf cal- cined magnesia and 5 drops of validol. The combination is designed as a nerve sedative and soporific. — Mfrs. : Zimmer & Co., Frankfurt-on-M., Germany; agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. BROVALOL (bornyl bromvalerate ; borneol broraiso- valeric acid ester), CH 3 .CH(CH3).CHBr.COO(C 10 H 17 ), is obtained by esterification of borneol with bromisovaleric acid or its derivatives. It is known in Germany as vali- san. It occurs as a colorless, oily liquid containing 25.2 per cent, of bromine, having a faint, aromatic odor, and soluble in alcohol, chloroform and ether, but insoluble in water. It is used as an analeptic, antispasmodic and ner- vine. Dose, 4 to 12 grains. Marketed only in 4-minim cap- sules (pearls). — Mfr.: E. Schering, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. BRYONIN is a glucoside of bryonia alba, first isolated by Walz. It forms an amorphous, brownish-yellow, bitter powder, soluble in water or alcohol. Formerly it was very generally considered physiologically inert, but more re- cently some investigators have ascribed laxative and altera- tive properties to it, and have used it in hepatic congestion, chronic inflammation of the serous membranes and con- valescence after acute infectious diseases. Statements as to the dose vary considerably. Some say give 1-32 grain every two hours until some effect on the bowels is pro- duced, then 1-64 grain every three or four hours thereafter; others say % to % grain. — (Nonproprietary,) 56 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA BUCCOSPERIN capsules are said to contain iy 2 grains each of balsam copaiba and extract buchu, IV2 grains of hexamethylenamine and % grain of salicylic acid. They are used as a urinary anticatarrhai and disinfectant. BULGARA TABLETS are claimed to contain a practi- cally pure culture of bacillus buigaricus. They consist of the slowly dried culture mixed with milk sugar and starch, and each contains enough virile organisms to sour one pint of sterile milk within twenty hours . They are employed to check putrefactive processes in the alimentary canal. Dose^ 1 or 2 tablets. — Mfrs.: Hynson, Westcott & Co., Baltimore, Md. BULGARINE is the name applied to a culture of the lac- tic acid bacillus marketed both in liquid and tablet forms. BUTIPYRINE or butypyrinum is identical with trige- min, a compound of pyramidon and butyl-chloral hydrate used mainly as an antineuralgic. — Mfrs.: G. R. Fritz-Pet- zold & Suss, Vienna, Austria. BUTYLCHLORAL-HYDRATE-PYRAMIDON will be de- scribed under the trade name trigemin. BUTYL-HYPNAL, or butyl-chloral-antipyrin, CuH^O.- C 4 H 6 C1 3 .H 2 0, is a compound of butyl-chloral hydrate and antipyrin occurring as colorless, transparent needles that melt at 70° C. and are soluble in alcohol, ether, chloro- form, or water (about 30 parts). It was introduced as a hypnotic and analgesic, but has not met with much favor. Dose, 10 to 30 grains. — (Nonproprietary.) BUXINE is a synonym of berbeerine. BYNIN is a thin malt extract made by Allen & Hanbury, London, Eng.; and bynol is a malt extract with cod liver oil made by the same firm. C CACODOL, also designated as "cacodylate of iron com- pound," is a liquid preparation, each fluid dram of which "contains the equivalent of one-twelfth grain of cacodylic acid and one-twentieth grain iodine." It is prescribed as an alterative. CACODYLIACOL is a contraction of guaiacol cacodylate, which see. CAD-FORMASAL is the cadmium salt of formasai, or cadmium methyJene-disalicyJate. It is used as an oint- ment (1 in 7 of lanolin) in the treatment of scrofulous glands, frostbite and chronic inflamed joints. — Mfrs.: Or- ganic Chem. Co., Fort Washington, Pa. CADMIUM SALICYLATE, Cd(C 7 H 5 3 ),+H 2 0, occurs as white needles, of sweet, astringent taste, and soluble in water or alcohol. It is used as an astringent in eye dis- eases and gonorrhea. — (Nonproprietary.) CADMIUM SULPHATE, CdSO.-faq., occurs as white, transparent crystals that are soluble in water and in alco- THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 57 hoi. It is used as an antiseptic astringent like zinc sul- phate. — ( Nonproprietary. ) CADMIUM SULPHOCARBOLATE, sulphophenate or phenolsulphonate, Cd(C 6 H 5 SOJ 2 +H 2 0, occurs as white crystals, soluble in water or alcohol. It was introduced a few years ago by Baldacini for use in certain eye diseases, but nothing has since appeared on it in medical literature. — (Nonproprietary.) CADUSOL is a 20 per cent, solution of cade oil in vaso- gen. — Mfrs.: Societe federates des Pharmaciens de France, Paris. CAP-FORMASAL is defined by the manufacturers as "caffeine methylene-disalicylate of an alkali." It is prob- ably caffeine and sodium methylenedisalicylate. It occurs as minute white crystals which are readily soluble in water, moderately so in alcohol. It is prescribed in chronic nephritis, rheumatism, gout, etc. Dose, 5 to 20 grains. See caution under formaldehyde. — Mfrs.: Organic Chem. Co., Fort Washington, Pa. CALCIDIN is defined as "a new coupling of lime and iodine in definite proportions. The basis is calcium car- bonate and calcium hydrate, together with a small amount of starch; this basis is impregnated with iodine in such proportion that practically 15 per cent, of it is available in each dose." It occurs as a bluish-black powder having the odor of iodine, and is used mainly in croup. — Mfrs.: Ab- bott Alkaloidal Co., Chicago, 111. CALCINOL is a fanciful name of calcium iodate, under which heading it will be described. CALCIUM ACETYLSALICYLATE has the formula (C 6 H 4 ) 2 ,(OCOCH 3 ) 2 .COO) 2 Ca+aq., and occurs as a white/ odorless powder containing 12.93 per cent, of calcium oxide, 79.7 per cent, of acetylsalicylic acid and about 8 per cent, of water of crystallization. It is freely soluble in water, but its aqueous solutions readily spoil and hence should be made up only as wanted. It is used as an anti- neuralgic and antirheumatic like aspirin, and is given in similar doses. It is marketed under various trade names. CALCIUM BORATE is a light, white powder, soluble in hot water. It is used internally chiefly in diarrhea of children and externally in weeping eczema, fetid perspira- tion, chafing, etc., in 10 to 20 per cent, ointments or dust- ing-powders. Dose, for children, 1 to 5 grains. — (Nonpro- prietary.) CALCIUM CACODYLATE, or calcium dimethyl-ar senate, has the formula [(CH 3 ) 2 AsO,,] 2 Ca+aq., and forms a white powder soluble in water. It is employed as an alterative similar to arsenous acid. Dose, y 2 to 2 grains. — (Nonpro- prietary.) CALCIUM CARBIDE, CaC 2 , which, as is known, is used chiefly for generating acetylene gas, has been recom- mended by some in the treatment of inoperable cancer of the cervix and vagina. For this purpose a piece as large 58 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIOA as a pea to a nut is left in the yagina oyernight. The use- fulness of this treatment has been disputed by many. Calcium carbide must be kept well protected against moisture, as water decomposes it, evolving acetylene and leaving slaked lime. — (Nonproprietary.) CALCIUM CHLORIDE, CaCl 2 , is familiar to pharmacists as far as physical properties are concerned, being official. While formerly employed internally only in rachitis, arth- ritis, and chronic itching, it has in late years come into prominence as a means of arresting persistent bleeding, internally as well as topically. For this purpose it is given in doses of 10 to 20 grains several times daily, and applied locally in 1 to 15 solution. — (Nonproprietary.) CALCIUM-CREOSOTE is described under its trade name calcreose. CALCIUM DIMETHYLENE-ARSENATE is a synonym of calcium cacodylate, which see. CALCIUM EOSOLATE, (C 9 H 7 S30 12 ) 2 .Ca 3 , is the calcium salt of trisulpho-acetyl-creosote. It is a grayish powder, of slightly pungent and ethereal odor, and acrid empyreu- matic taste; soluble in about 10 parts of water, very slightly soluble in alcohol, but insoluble in chloroform, and readily soluble in hydrochloric, citric and some other organic acids. It represents approximately 25 per cent. of creosote. It has been used by Dr. H. Stern in diabetes and ulcerative phthisis. Dose, 5 to 20 grains three times a day. — Mfrs.: Berliner Capsules-Fabrik, Berlin, Germ- CALCIUM GLYCERINOPHOSPHATE, P0.0 2 CaO.C 3 H B - (OH) 3 4-aq., also known by the brand name neurosin, oc- curs as a white powder, soluble in about 40 parts of cold water, and almost insoluble in boiling water or alcohol. It is the salt of glycerinophosphoric acid most used — in rickets, wasting diseases, and convalescence from infec- tious diseases. Dose, 2 to 5 grains three times daily in syrup or simple solution. It should not be dispensed in solution with carbonates, phosphates or lead salts, as de- composition is likely to ensue; and its solutions do not keep well and should hence be prepared only in small quantities at a time. Citric acid increases the solubility of the compound. — (Nonproprietary.) CALCIUM GUAIACOL-SULPHONATE.— See guaiacyl. CALCIUM HIPPURATE is a white, crystalline powder soluble in about 27 parts of water and employed as a uric- acid solvent and antirheumatic. Dose, 5 to 20 grains. — (Nonproprietary. ) CALCIUM HYDROCHLOROPHOSPHATE is marketed only in 25 per cent, solution, which occurs as a yellowish liquid of the specific gravity of 1.225 at 15° C, and mis- cible with water. It is used in tuberculosis, scrofula, rickets, etc. Dose, 5 to 15 drops three times daily in water. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. CALCIUM IODATE, Ca(IO :5 ) 2 +6H 3 0, is also known by THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 59 the trade name calcinol. It occurs as a white powder or small crystals, soluble in about 400 parts of water and insoluble in alcohol. It is employed as an internal anti- septic in cystitis and gastro-intestinal fermentation, and externally in diphtheria and in ulcers and in other lesions in which iodoform is usually applied. Dose, 3 to 5 grains three times a day. — (Nonproprietary.) CALCIUM LACTATE, Ca(C 3 H 5 3 ) 2 +5H 2 0, occurs as white, odorless granules or crystalline masses, soluble in about 15 parts of water. It was formerly employed only as an alterative tonic in scrofula and allied cachexias, but has latterly come into prominence as a substitute for calcium chloride in conditions referable to defective blood coagulability, as a preventive of post-operative hemor- rhage in nose and throat surgery, and in such blood dys- crasias as boils, urticaria, hemoglominuria, etc. The or- dinary adult dose is 15 to 20 grains three times daily, before meals, in solution; children take proportionately less according to age. — (Nonproprietary.) CALCIUM LACTOPHOSPHATE is a combination of cal- cium lactate and phosphate. It is marketed in two forms: crystalline, forming white, hard scales, soluble in water and containing 1 per cent, of phosphorus; and powder, insoluble in water. It is used as an alterative and antica- chectic. Dose, 3 to 10 grains three times a day. — (Non- proprietary.) CALCIUM MONOBROMBEHENATE.— See sabromine. CALCIUM ORTHO-GUAIACOLSULPHONATE is guai- acyl, which see. CALCIUM PERMANGANATE, also known as monol and acerdol, was introduced as a more agreeable and yet more powerful substitute for the potassium salt as a mouth-wash and internal disinfectant in diarrheas of chil- dren. It occurs as brownish-violet, very deliquescent crystals, readily soluble in water. Dose for children, % to 2 grains. — (Nonproprietary.) CALCIUM PEROXIDE of the market is a mixture con- sisting essentially of calcium peroxide (Ca0 2 ), hydrogen peroxide, calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate; it contains about 60 per cent, of Ca0 2 , equivalent to 13.4 per cent, of available oxygen. It occurs as a light cream- colored, odorless and tasteless powder, which is practi- cally insoluble in water but on contact therewith is grad- ually decomposed into hydrogen dioxide and calcium hy- droxide, the former being further decomposed by the lat- ter with liberation of oxygen. Dilute acids decompose it with formation of a solution containing hydrogen dioxide. It is used internally as a gastro-intestinal antiseptic and antacid; technically, as an ingredient of dentifrices, etc. Dose, 2 to 5 grains in water or with sodium bicarbonate. — ( Nonproprietary. ) CALCIUM PHENOLSULPHONATE (calcium sulpho- carbolate), CaCCgH^S),, occurs as a white or pinkish- 60 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA .white, almost odorless powder or small crystals, having an astringent, bitter taste, and readily soluble in water or alcohol. It is used as an intestinal antiseptic. Dose, 2 to 6 grains. — (Nonproprietary.) CALCIUM SACCHARATE, C 12 H 12 O n .3CaO, occurs as an amorphous, white powder, soluble in water, and is used as an antidote in poisoning by the mineral acids, also as an antacid and antizymctic. Dose, 30 to 300 grains. It is als.o marketed under the trade name antacedin. — (Non- proprietary.) CALCIUM SALICYLATE, (C 7 H 5 3 ) 2 Ca+2H 2 0, occurs as a white, odorless, tasteless powder or crystals, sparingly soluble in water, more freely so in carbonated water. It is prescribed chiefly in gastroenteritis and summer diar- rheas of children, in doses of 5 to 20 grains. — (Nonpro- prietary.) CALCIUM SULPHOCARBOLATE.— See calcium phenoh sulphonate. CALCIUM SULPHOICHTHYOLATE.— See ichthyol-cah cium. CALCODAT is a trade name for calcium peroxide. CALCREOSE (calcium-creosote) is defined as a chemi- cal combination of calcium and creosote, and occurs as a reddish-brown, granular powder containing about 50 per cent, of beechwood creosote. It is used in place of the lat- ter. Dose, 5 to 30 grains, gradually increased to the point of tolerance. — Mfrs.: Maltbie Chem. Co., Newark, N. J. CALCUSOL is described as a combination of piperidine parasuiphaminebenzoate and potassium carbonate, and is intended as a remedy for rheumatic gout. CALLAQUOL is a turbid, milky liquid of pleasant aro* matic odor, consisting, it is stated, of an ester of oxy-tri- carballylic acid in combination with a special soap solu- tion containing oil of thyme mainly to cover the dis- agreeable odor of the chief constituent. It is employed principally as a lotion on compresses and as a wash for wounds. — Mfr. : Chem. Fabrik Pr. Braun, Niirnberg, Germ. CALLIANDREIN is described as a glucoside of callian- dra grandiflora, a Mexican shrub. It is a white, odorless, water-soluble powder, whose aqueous solution froths on shaking and emulsifies many substances. It has been used in intermittent fever; ten %-grain pills in the course of twenty-four hours. CALMINE (not cahnin) is another brand name for so- dium diethyl oarbitur ate (veronal-sodium, medinal, etc.). CALODAL or Jcalodal is a dietetic prepared from meat, and intended for use subcutaneously or by enema as well as per os. It contains 95 per cent, of readily soluble albu- minous substances, and small quantities of meat salts (especially phosphates, traces of iron, and 0.2 per cent, of NaCl.). It forms a yellowish-brown powder, which is eas- ily but slowly soluble in water and almost odorless and THE M0DERX MATERIA MEDIC A 61 tasteless. Dose, about 1 dram, — Mfrs.: Heyden Chem. Works, Radebeul (Germ.) and New York. CALOMELOL, or colloidal or soluble calomel, is a whitish-gray, odorless, tasteless powder, soluble in alcohol, ether, benzene and water, and yielding therewith a milk- like fluid. It contains 80 per cent. HgCl and 20 per cent, albuminous substances. It is used as a dusting-powder in syphilitic ulcers, as moist 2 per cent, dressings, and as ointment by inunction in S3^philis. Galomelol ointment contains 40 per cent, of calomelol and 2 per cent, of free mercury. It is of pale-gray color and nearly odorless, and marketed in tubes with graduated labels. It is used by inunction in syphilis, 1 to 1% drams at a time. — Mfrs.: Heyden Chem. Works, Radebeul (Germ.) and New York. CALOMELOL-OPIUM tablets contain % grain of calo- melol and 1/10 grain of opium, and are used in syphilis. CAMPHACOL is stated to be a condensation product of camphoric acid, formaldehyde and guaiacol, or the cam- phoric acid ester of methylene-diguaiacol. It is a crys- talline substance used in phthisis, broncho-pneumonia, cystitis, etc. Dose, 5 to 20 grains. See caution under formaldehyde. — Mfrs.: Organic Chem. Co., Fort Washing- ton, Pa. CAMPHALUM is a veterinary siccative vulnerary con- taining camphor 2 per cent, carbolic acid 4 per cent., and exsiccated alum 94 per cent. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. CAMPHENOL is a liquid disinfectant and antiseptic described as "an emulsion or saponification of the three higher cresols and camphor/' and claimed to be non- poisonous, noncorrosive and nonstaining. — Mfrs.: Johnson & Johnson, New Brunswick, N. J. CAMPHOID is a substitute for collodion introduced by Martindale, and said to consist of a solution of pyroxy- lin and camphor in absolute alcohol. — Mfr.. Wm. Martin- dale, London, Eng. CAMPHOPHENIQUE is claimed by the manufacturers to be composed of phenol 49 per cent, and camphor 51 per cent. Examinations made at the chemical laboratory of the American Medical Association seem to show that it contains approximately 20 per cent, of phenol, about 38 per cent, of camphor and the balance is liquid petrola- tum. It is an antiseptic and anodyne. Camphophenique Powder was found by analysis made at the same labora- tory to consist of about "92 per cent, of talcum, the re- mainder being chiefly camphor with a small amount of phenol." — Mfrs.: Camphophenique Co., St. « Louis, Mo. CAMPHORIN is artificial camphor. CAMPHOROXOL is a 3 per cent, solution of hydrogen peroxide containing about 33 per cent, of alcohol and 1 per cent, of camphor to enhance its antiseptic power and at the same time render it more stable. It is used (gen- erally in 10 to 15 per cent, dilutions) in ozena, pharyn- 62 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA gitis, otitis and other affections in which ordinary hydro- gen dioxide solution is employed. — Mfr.: C. Raspe, Weis- sensee, Germ.; agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. CAMPHOSAN is neutral santalol ester of camphoric acid, or santalol camphorate, of the formula C 8 H 14 (C0 2 ) 2 - (C 15 H 23 ) 2 . It occurs as a brownish-yellow oil, easily solu- ble in alcohol, chloroform or ether, and exhibits a faintly aromatic odor and a slightly bitter taste. It is put for- ward as a remedy in prostatic, urethral and bladder trou- bles, similarly to oil of sandalwood. Dose, 5 to 15 minims, in capsules (so marketed). — Mfrs.: Riedel & Co., Berlin (Germ.) and New York. CAMPHOSSIL is the designation that has been applied to a condensation product of camphor and salicylic acid, of Italian origin. The article occurs as a white, crystal- line, fatty, deliquescent mass, of camphoraceous odor, al- most tasteless, and insoluble in water. It is administered in doses of 8 grains as an antipyretic and internal disin- fectant (principally in typhoid fever and infectious diar- rhea). CANCROIDIN (Schmidt) is prepared from pure cul- tures obtained from human carcinomas and used by injec- tion for diagnostic purposes. Dose, 1/2400 grain as the minimum. — Mfrs.: Bakt.-Chem. Laboratorium W. Schmidt, Cologne, Germ. CANNABINE TANNATE is obtained from Indian hemp, after removal of the ethereal oil by distillation with steam, by extraction with water and precipitation with tannin. It is a brownish powder of slightly bitter but very astringent taste; soluble in alkalinized water or alco* hoi. It is used as a mild hypnotic and a nerve sedative. Dose, 5 to 15 grains; maximum dose, 15 grains. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. CAPILLIN is what Mindes calls a condensation product of tannin, chloral hydrate and resorcin, which is intended as a succedaneum for captol. CAPRENALIN is the name adopted by John Wyeth & Bro., Philadelphia, Pa., for epinephrine as made by them. In view of the recent decision of the U. S. Circuit Court of Appeals the article will doubtless be withdrawn from the market. CAPSICIN is a terse name for oleoresin capsicum (official). CAPSICOL is "a solidified embrocation representing oleoresin capsicum, camphor, croton oil, turpentine oil, aromatic and antiseptic oils, with a base of especially prepared petroleum and purified animal fat with olive oil." It is offered as a local counter-irritant, in 2-oz. col- lapsible tubes. — Mfr.: Norwich Pharmacal Co., Norwich, N. Y. CAPSOLIN is a counter-irritant ointment containing oleoresin of capsicum, camphor, oil of turpentine, oil of cajeput and croton oil, and used topically in neuralgia, THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 63 pleuritic pains, rheumatism, etc. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. CAPSULES, DIURETIC OIL, introduced by Dr R. Ro- bert, each contain 1% minims of a mixture of equal parta of oils of juniper, lovage, angelica and jaborandi leaves, apiol, safrol, guaiacol, terpineol and borneol. They are intended to be used in place of the old-fashioned diuretic teas in dropsy, vesical catarrh, etc. Dose, 2 to 4 capsules several times daily. — Mfrs.: Schimmel & Co., Milititz, near Leipsic, Germ.; agts.: Fritzsche Bros., New York. CAPSULES GELODURATED is the trade name adopted . for gelatine capsules hardened with formaldehyde so that they will pass through the stomach unchanged and disin- tegrate only on reaching the intestines. — Mfr.: G. Pohl's Capsule Works, Schonbaum, Germ. CAPTOL is a condensation product of tannin and chlo- ral. It occurs as a brown, amorphous, hygroscopic powder, which is soluble in hot water or in alcohol; alkalies de- compose it. It was introduced by Eichhoff as an anti- seborrheal remedy as well as a prophylactic, and is used mostly as a compound spirit (so marketed in this coun- try), consisting of a solution of 2 parts each of captol, chloral hydrate, and tartaric acid, and 1 part of castor oil, in 200 parts of 65 per cent, alcohol. — Mfr.: Ferd. Mulhens, Cologne, Germanv; Mulhens & Kropff, New York. CARBOFORMAL BRIQUETS ("Gluhblocks") are hex- agonal coal-briquets containing a cavity filled with para- formaldehyde. When lighted, they glow, whereby the chemical is reconverted into formaldehyde gas. — Mfr. : Max Bib., Dresden, Germ. CARBONEOL is a substance obtained by dissolving coal-tar in carbon tetrachloride and evaporating. It occurs as a thin, black lquid of not unpleasant odor and a spe- cific gravity of 1.328. It is offered as an application in skin diseases, especially eczema. — Mfr.: Hirsch-Apotheke, Frankfort-on-M., Germany. CARBONOL is a perfectly white, odorless, tasteless liquid petrolatum for internal or external use. — Mfr.: Wm. S. Merrell Chem. Co., Cincinnati, O. CARBOSANT is the trade name applied to the carbonic acid ester of santalol, or santalol carbonate, C 31 H 40 O 3 . The product is a nearly tasteless and odorless oil-like liquid, soluble in oils and in alcohol, ether or chloroform, but in- soluble in water. It contains about 90 per cent, of san- talol, and is used as a succedaneum for sandalwood oil. Dose, 10 to 15 minims three times a day, with hot milk or in capsules. Marketed also in 5-minim capsules. — Mfrs.: Heyden Chem. Works, New York. CARBOTERPIN is a solution of coal-tar in terpinol, oc- curring as a dark brownish-red liquid of not unpleasant odor and of the specific gravity of about 0.910. It is used in skin diseases, particularly psoriasis. — Mfr.: Hirsch- Apotheke, Frankfort-on-M., Germany. 64 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A CARDIOTONIN is said to consist essentially of the cardiotonic principles of convallaria and caffeine sodio-ben- zoate. It is employed as a diuretic and a cardiac tonic, in doses of 1 to 2 c.c. of the standardized solution in which form it is marketed. — Mfrs.: Degen & Kuth, Duren, Ger- many. CARGENTOS (Mulford's colloidal silver-oxide) forms black, shining, odorless, tasteless scales, soluble in all pro- portions in water and glycerin, forming solutions that are reddish-brown by transmitted light and greenish-black by reflected light. It contains about 50 per cent, of silver, and is employed as a bactericide and astringent, like silver ni- trate; mostly externally in 5 to 25 per cent, solutions, rarely internally in gastric ulcer and the like. Dose, 1 to 2 grains.— Mfr. : H. K. Mulf ord Co., Philadelphia, Pa. CARNINE is a French preparation represented by the makers as "the juice of rare meat, prepared by cold process. Each tablespoonful represents 100 grams of raw meat." Agts.: E. Fougera & Co., New York. CARNOSE is a nutritive extract prepared from yeast and malt. — Mfr.: O. Overbeck, Grimbsley, Eng. CAROID is a brand of the active digestive principle of the juice of the papaw (carica papaya), which substance is on the market also under various other trade names. It is active in acid, neutral, or alkaline media, but par- ticularly so in the last-named. Dose, 2 to 5 grains. It is also marketed as tablets in various combinations. — Mfrs.: Mead, Johnson & Co., Jersey City, N. J. CAROPAN (from caro and panis) is a pulverulent mix- ture of equal parts of somagen and malt extract. It is readily and completely soluble in water and has a tatste reminding one of malt and "zwieback." It is put forward as a nutrient— Mfr.: Dr. A. Wolff, Bielefeld, Germ. CARPINE (naphthol-sulphur cream) contains as its therapeutically active ingredients betanaphtol and sulphur, and is offered as an antiparasitic application for use on the skin and the scalp. — Mfrs.: Hudson & Co., New York. CARVACROL IODIDE will be described under its more usual title of iodocrol. (Uncombined carvacrol [oxycymol], a thick aromatic liquid, has been used by instillation in toothache) . CASANTHROL is the name applied by Unna to a mix- ture of his casein ointment with 10 per cent, of "extractum lithanthracis" (that is, the ether and benzol-soluble con- stituents of coal tar). It occurs as a thick emulsion which is soluble in water; applied to the skin, it forms a dry, elastic coating. It is used in eczema, prurigo, etc. Min- eral acids, acid salts and other substances that coagulate casein, should not be mixed with it or at most to the extent of not more than 1 per cent. CASCARA PEPTONOIDS represents 30 grains of cas- cara and 1 minim of nux vomica tincture to each table- THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 65 spoonful, the menstruum being liquid peptonoids. — Mfrs.: Arlington Chem. Co., Yonkers, N. Y. CASCARIN is a substance isolated by Leprince from cascara sagrada and considered by him as the active prin- ciple of the drug. It occurs as odorless, tasteless needles, insoluble in water but soluble in alcohol. It is given to adults in doses of 2 to 5 grains, usually in pills; children in proportion. — Marketed by E. Fougera & Co., New York. CASCAROPHBN is the name applied to tablets each containing cascarin % grain, strychnine sulphate 1/80 grain, leptandrin 1/12 grain, emetine 1/67 grain, and phenolphthalein y 2 grain. They are used as a laxative. Dose, 1 to 3 tablets. — Mfrs.: Abbott Alkaloidal Co., Chi- cago, 111. CASBIN-ALBUMOSE SOAP is a neutral, superfatted soap recommended by Delbanco as a base for other medi- cated soaps as well as per se as a dermic in eczema, etc. CASEIN-HYDROL is a diabetes remedy consisting of equal proportions of magnesium peroxide and calcium phosphate-casein. — Mfr.: J. Baer, Zurich, Switz. CASEIN-SILVER is argonin. CASEIN-SODIUM is a food marketed as nutrose, under which heading it will be described. CASEIN TANNATE— See tannocasum. CASOGEN is a nutritive preparation said to contain 94 per cent, of milk protein, 4 per cent, of glycerophosphates and 1 per cent, of ovolecithin. CASTANTHUS is a liquid laxative and cholagogue, each fluid dram of which represents cascara sagrada 15 grains, leptandrin % grain, and chionanthus 5 grains. Dose, 1 to 2 teaspoonfuls. — Mfrs.: Wm. S. Merrell Chem. Co., Cincin- nati, O. CASTOR-LAX is a pulverulent form of castor oil, the absorbent being magnesia. It is offered as a tasteless form of castor oil. Dose, 1 to 2 teaspoonfuls. — Mfr.: Castor-Lax Co., New York. CATALYSIN is a compound digestive powder analogous to compound pepsin powder N. F. — Mfrs.: Chapman Mfg. Co., Chicago, 111. CEALGIC is said to be a mixture of acetanilide, citrated caffeine, ammonium chloride, neurodin, sodium bicarbon- ate and digitalin. It is put forward as an antipyretic and anodyne. — Mfrs.: Hy. R. Gering Co., Omaha, Neb. CEARIN is an ointment-base introduced by Issleib and consisting of 1 part of white carnauba wax, 3 parts of cere- sin and 16 parts of liquid paraffin. — Mfrs.: Riedel & Co., Berlin (Germ.) and New York. CEDRARINE is synonymous with plienzoline or orexine. CELLASIN is a product said to be "derived from fungi; a metabolic ferment which splits sugar, starch, fat and peptone"; supposed to be active in the alkaline media of the intestines, blood and tissues; not affected by the stomach acidity. According to analyses made under the 66 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA auspices of the American Medical Association, cellasin is "a mixture of an acid-producing organism and a protein substance, presumably casein." It occurs as a brownish- white powder, soluble in alkaline liquids. It is specif- ically recommended for diabetes and the early stages of tuberculosis. Dose, 3 to 15 grains. — Mfrs.: Mead, Johnson & Co., Jersey City, N. J. CELLOTROPIN (monobenzoyl-arbutin) C 19 H 20 O 8 results from the action of benzoyl chloride upon arbutin in neutral solution. It is a white, odorless, tasteless powder; sol- uble in about 1300 parts of water, easily so in alcohol, and insoluble in ether or chloroform. It is intended for use in infectious diseases (especially tuberculosis and scrofula). Dose, 4 to 8 grains three times daily. — Mfrs.: H. Finzel- berg's Nachf., Andernach, Germ. CEPHAELINE HYDROCHLORIDE, C 14 H 19 N0 2 .HC1, is the salt of a second alkaloid found by Dr. Paul in ipecac. It occurs as a yellowish powder, soluble in water or alcohol, and is recommended as an emetic in doses of 1/12 to % grain. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. CEPHALALGIN consists of "caffeine and oleoresin of celery, associated with catalysin (compound digestive pow- der)," each 5 grains, the ordinary adult dose, representing 1 grain of caffeine. It is used in headache. — Mfrs.: Chap- man Mfg. Co., Chicago, 111. CEPHALIN is reported to be a mixture of 5 parts each of antipyrin and roasted coffee, and 2 parts each of caffeine and sodium salicylate; a headache remedy. Dose, 5 to 10 grains. CEREBRIN is an extract of the gray matter of the brain of calves, used in chorea, hysteria, and other affec- tions of the nervous system and in alcoholism. Dose, 3 to 5 grains three times a day. Marketed also as tablets of 3 and 5 grains each. (It is not to be confounded with the definite nitrogenous, phosphorus-free constituent of brain matter known as "cerebrin," which has the formula C 80 H 160 N 2 O 15 and is not used therapeutically.) — Mfrs.: A. Poehl & Sons, St. Petersburg, Russia; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. CEREVISINE is a dried medicinal yeast, "desiccated yeast cultures prepared from the cells of the saccharo- myces cerevisiae at a low temperature and in a vacuum." It occurs as a granular powder, and is recommended for use internally in boils, tuberculosis, and diabetes, and locally in leucorrhea, vaginitis, etc. Dose, a teaspoonful before meals, given in water with a little sugar. Used externally in 5 to 20 per cent, suspension or paste. — Mfr.: Vial, Paris, France; agts.: E. Fougera & Co., New York. CEREOLIN is described as the fatty substance of yeast, and has been recommended for internal use in furuncu- losis, acne and the like. It is marketed as 0.1 gram pills, 3 to 5 of which constitute the daily dose. — Mfrs.: C. F. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 67 Bohringer & Sonne, Mannheim, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. CEROMENTUM is menthol-eucerin, and is exploited "for the cutaneous treatment of tuberculosis of the lungs according to the method of Court Councilor Dr. K. Stepp." — Mfrs.: Eucerin Fabrik, Aunund, Germ. CEROSE is an expectorant and bronchial sedative, each fluid ounce of which contains codeine phosphate 1% grains, ipecac 1 grain, horehound 2y 2 grains, wild cherry 2*£ grains and eucalyptus 1 grain. Dose, a teaspoonful every three or four hours. — Mfr.: John Wyeth & Bro., Philadelphia, Pa. CETOSAN is a mixture of petrolatum and the alcohols contained in spermaceti, Chinese wax and beeswax (which alcohols are said to impart water-absorptive properties to the ointment base), and 30 per cent, of water. Anhy- drous cetosan is the water-free base. — Mfr.: Hirsch-Apoth- eke, Frankfort-on-M., Germ. CETRARIN, or cetraric acid, C^H^Ou, is the bitter prin- ciple of Iceland moss (cetraria islandica). It occurs as a white crystalline powder or very small needles, sparingly soluble in water, more freely in solutions of alkali carbon- ates. It is prescribed chiefly in anemia and chlorosis. Dose, 1 to 3 grains several times a day. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. CHAVOSOTE is a dental disinfectant defined as the methyl ester of estragol (para-allyl-phenol), and occurs as a highly refractive liquid having an aromatic odor and boiling at 229° C. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabriken von Thaan und Mulhausen. Germany. CHELIDONINE PHOSPHATE, SULPHATE and TAN- NATE, are salts of the alkaloid of chelidonium, which has the formula C 2() Hi 9 N0 5 4-H 2 0. They occur as white or nearly white crystalline powders soluble in water. They are used as mild narcotics, particularly in children — in gastric and intestinal pains; also in gastric ulcer and cancer of adults. Dose (adults), 1 to 3 grains. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. CHIELIN is described by the manufacturers as an oily extract of tulip bulbs, and extolled in various skin dis- eases. According to others, it is essentially a superfatted, strongly alkaline soda soap, and "chielin cream/' a mix- ture of zinc oxide, talcum, chielin, wool fat, tincture of benzoin, water and glycerin. — Mfr.: "Chielin/' Berlin, Germ. CHINA-BLUTAN ( cinchona- olutan) is referred to under blutan. CHlKALGEN is quinalgen. CHINAPHTOL, or quinine beta-naphtol-monosulphonate, will be described under qui7iaphtol. CHINARSIL (quinarsil) is a foot-and-mouth disease (veterinary) remedy, consisting of a combination of qui- nine hydrochloride and sodium arsanilate. It contains 33 68 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A per cent, of quinine and 67 per cent, of aminophenylar- sinic acid, and is marketed in ampoules containing sterile solutions of various strengths. — Mfrs.: Chern. Fabrik. Aubing, Germ. CHINASEPTOL, or quinaseptol, is better known by the trade name diaphtol, and will be referred to under that title. CHINEONAL is the trade name applied to quinine di- ethylltar'biturate, the quinine salt of veronal, containing 63.78 per cent, of quinine and 36.22 per cent, of the acid radicle (veronal). The article occurs as white, bitter needles that melt at 132° C. and are soluble in about 500 parts of water, 8 of alcohol, and 12 of chloroform. It is used in febrile infectious diseases and septic processes, as well as a nerve sedative. Dose, 10 grains at noon, or at bedtime; in whooping-cough children take 1 to 3 grains two or three times a day. Furnished also as 5-grain plain and 3-grain sugar-coated tablets. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darm- stadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. CHINOFORM was first described as a compound of cin- cho-tannic acid and formaldehyde. The name has been recently applied to quinine formate. See caution regard- ing formaldehyde and formates under formaldehyde. CHINOFORM is the trade name of formin (hexa- methylenetetramine) quinate, which compound is better known here as chinotropin ; see this. CHINOPYRIN (quinine-antipyrin) is what Dr. G. San- tesson calls a combination of 3 parts of quinine hydro- chloride and 2 parts of antipyrin. It occurs as a white powder, readily soluble in water and hence specially in- tended for subcutaneous use in malaria. Dose, 5 to 20 grains. CHINOSOL is the trade name applied to normal oxy~ quinoline sulphate, (C 9 H 7 ON) 2 H 2 S0 4 . It occurs as a yellow powder, of saffron-like odor, and pungent astringent taste; soluble freely in water and in alcohol or ether. It is intended for use as a surgical and household antisep- tic chiefly, but has been used in a very small way intern- ally in gastro-intestinal diseases. It is applied in 1 in 100 to 1 in 4,000 solutions, according to purpose; it does not coagulate albumin. Alkalies decompose chinosol; and with corrosive sublimate, iron and other metallic salts it forms highly-colored compounds having staining properties. It is marketed also as tablets containing 15 grains. Dose, 5 grains three times daily. — Mfrs.: Franz Fritsche & Co., Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Chinosol Co., New York. CHINOTROPIN (urotropin or hexamethylenetetramine quinate) occurs as a white powder readily soluble in water. It is employed in gout and bacilluria, similar to the older urotropin (formin, aminoform, cystogen, hexamethylene- tetramine, etc.), but is said to liberate formaldehyde in the system more freely than the latter. Dose, iy 2 to 20 grains two or three times daily, as tablets (so marketed). See THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 69 caution under formaldehyde. — Mfr. : E. Schering, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. CHLORAL-ACETONE-CHLOROFORM is described un- der cloran. CHLORALAMID is a German trade name for the now official chloralformamide ( for marni dated chloral). Mar- keted also as an elixir containing 30 grains to the fluid ounce. See caution under formaldehyde. — Mfr.: E. Scher- ing, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. CHLORAL-ANTIPYRIN.— See hypnal. CHLORALBACID is defined as a chlorine substitution product of albumin, containing 3 per cent, of chlorine in- tramolecularly combined. It occurs as a yellowish-white powder, easily soluble in water and without unpleasant odor or taste. It is used in gastro-intestinal affections characterized by insufficient secretion of hydrochloric acid or abnormal formation of organic acids, or by insufficient intestinal absorption or peristalsis. Dose, 15 to 30 grains before meals. Marketed also as T^-grain tablets. — Mfr.: Ludw. W. Gans, Frankfort-on-M., Germ.; agts.: Mathieson & Co., New York. CHLORALIA is a liquid hypnotic, sedative and sudorific preparation, containing in each fluid ounce 5 grains of "kalarine," 96 grains of chloral hydrate, and 1 grain each of extracts of conium, hyoscyamus and cannabis indica. Dose, 30 to 60 minims. — Mfrs.: Penn Pharm. Co., Philadel- ohia, Pa. CHLORALIN — See chlorolin. CHLORAL-ORTHOFORM is a compound of molecular quantities of chloral and meta-amido-para-oxybenzoic ester (orthoform, or [formerly] orthoform "new"). It forms yellow, tasteless crusts that can easily be reduced to pow- der; soluble in ether or hot alcohol, insoluble in water. It is intended as a hypnotic. Dose, 8 to 15 grains. — Mfrs.: Kalle & Co., Biebrich-on-Rh., Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. CHLORALOSE, chemically aiihydro-gluco-chloral, CsH^- C1 3 6 , is obtained by heating anhydrous chloral and glu- cose together. It occurs as small white crystals, of dis- agreeable, bitter taste; readily soluble in alcohol or ether, sparingly so in water. It has been employed as a hyp- notic. Dose, 3 to 10 grains; maximum dose, 12 grains. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. CHLORANODYNE contains in each fluid ounce mor- phine hydrochloride 2% grains, fluid extract cannabis in- dica 46 minims, diluted hydrocyanic acid 9 minims, chloro- form 46 minims, oil of peppermint l 1 /*. minims, and tinc- ture capsicum (U. S. P. 1890) IV2 minims. It is used in colic, etc. Dose, usually 15 minims, diluted. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. CHLOROETHOFORM (chlorwthoform) is the name pro- posed in England for pure chloroform admixed with V± per 70 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA cent, of ethyl chloride, which addition is claimed to yield a preparation less dangerous than chloroform alone as a general anesthetic. CHLORBUTANOL (acetone-chloroform; trichlor-tertia- ry-outyl alcohol), C 4 H 7 0C1 3 , is produced by the reaction of acetone on chloroform. It occurs as small, white, vol- atile crystals, of camphoraceous odor and taste and sol- uble in alcohol, ether, chloroform or glycerin, and spar- ingly soluble in water. It is employed as a local anes- thetic, anodyne and nerve sedative; also as a preserva- tive of medicamentous solutions. Dose, 5 to 20 grains. As a local anesthetic a concentrated aqueous solution is used. (See chloretone; methaform.) CHLORETONE is a trade name for acetone-chloroform, or chlorbutanol as marketed by Parke, Davis & Co., De- troit, Mich. CHLOROBROM is an English specialty consisting essen- tially of a solution of 3 parts each of potassium bromide and chloralformamide in 29 parts of water, and used mainly in seasickness, but also as a hypnotic. Dose, a tablespoonful. CHLOROCAMPH is a compound liniment of chloroform and camphor, each fluid ounce of which is said to contain chloroform 2y 2 minims, opium % grain, together with camphor, capsicum, oil of turpentine, oil of hemlock, gum thus and soap. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. CHLOROGENINE (alstonine) is an alkaloid from the bark of alstonia constricta, of the formula C 21 H. 20 N 2 O4+3%- H 2 0. It occurs as a brown powder soluble in alcohol or chloroform, and is used as an antiperiodic and febrifuge. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt,. Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. CHLOROLIN (chloralin) is a liquid disinfectant contain- ing about 20 per cent, of mono- and trichlorphenol and used in % to 3 per cent, solutions as a surgical and gyne- cological disinfectant and antiseptic. Marketed also as pills each containing 1/30 grain of chlorphenol for em- ployment in tuberculosis. — Mfr.: J. Weirich, Strassburg, Germany. CHLORPHENOL SALICYLATE.— See chlorsalol. CHLORSALOL (chlorsalol or para-chlorsalol), C 6 H 4 .OH- COOC fl H 4 Cl, results from reaction between phosphorus pen- tachloride and a mixture of parachlorphenol and salicylic acid. Chemically it may be defined as salicylic-acid-para- chlorphenol ester. It is used in cystitis, diarrhea, etc., in place of salol. Dose, 1 to IV2 drams in the course of a day. — ( Nonproprietary. ) CHLORYL is a British trade name for pure ethyl chlo- ride as made by Duncan, Plockhart & Co., London, Eng. CHOCOLIN is a laxative dietetic containing cocoa, sugar, manna and phenolphthalein (%. grain per teaspoonful).— Mfrs.: Stollwerck Bros., Cologne (Germ.) and New York. CHOLELITH pills are said to consist of acid sodium THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 71 oleate, natural salicylic acid, phenolphthalein and men- thol. They are put forward as a cholagogue particularly in cholelithiasis. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. CHOLELYSIN is a cholagogue marketed in dry (tablet) form., said to consist of 13 to 20 per cent, of albumin com- bined with sodium oleate. Cholelysin liquid is reported to contain about 20 per cent, of sodium oleate together with validol, tincture valerian, pineapple essence and pepper- mint water. — Mfr.: J. E. Stroschein, Berlin; agts.: General Drug Co., New York. CHOLERA SERUM is referred to under serums. CHOLOGESTIN is a liquid cholagogue, intestinal anti- septic and digestive, each dose of which, a tablespoonful, is said to contain 2y 2 grains of sodium glycocholate, 2 grains of sodium salicylate made from natural salicylic acid, 2y 2 grains of pancreatin and 5 grains of sodium bi- carbonate. It is also marketed in tablet form under the name tablogestin, each tablet containing the active medici- nal ingredients of a tablespoonful of chologestin. — Mfrs.: F. H. Strong Co., New York. CHROMIAC TABLETS are said to contain chromium sulphate 2 grains, zinc phosphide 1/10 grain, extract nux vomica % grain, cannabin 1/10 grain, cantharides 1/12 grain, and avenine 1/200 grain. They are prescribed as an aphrodisiac. Dose, 1 tablet after meals and at bedtime. — Mfrs.: Maltbie Chem. Co., Newark, N. J. CHROMIUM SULPHATE, Cr 2 (S0 4 ) 3 , occurs as dark- green scales, soluble in water. Formerly used on]y tech- nically, it has latterly been recommended by Dr. Louis Kolopinski. of Washington, D. C, for trial in cases of neu- rasthenia, exophthalmic goiter, locomotor ataxia, climac- teric disturbances, etc. Dose, 4 to 8 grains three or four times daily, usually as tablets. — (Nonproprietary.) CHRYSAROBIN OXIDIZED is obtained from the action of sodium peroxide upon chrysarobin suspended in water. It occurs as a dark-brown powder, soluble in benzene, chloroform and hot alcohol, but insoluble in water. It is employed by Unna like chrysarobin, in 5- to 10-per cent, ointments; it is considered milder in action than chrysa- robin. CHRYSAROBIN TETRA-ACETATE.— See lenirobin. CHRYSAROBIN TRIACETATE.— See euroMn. CIBA is a German brand name for carbonated creosote. CICATRICINE is an aqueous solution of thiosinamine and antipyrin, employed subcutaneously as a discutient similarly to thiosinamine (q. v.). C1CUTINE HYDROBROMIDE is a synonym of coniine- hgdrobromide. CIMATOXYL is described as a compound of atoxyl with an aromatic body (probably cinnamic acid? — Ed.). It has been used hypodermically in phthisis, and is said to have proved of value also in syphilis. 72 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A CIMOCOL is a syrup of potassium sulphoguaiacolate similar to sirolin, and like it employed in phthisis, chronic catarrhs, etc. CICUTINE HYDROBROMIDE is a synonym of coniine hydrobromide. CINCHONINE IODOSULPHATE, also known as anti- septol, iodized cinchonine sulphate, and cinchonine liera- pathite, occurs as a light, reddish-brown powder, contain- ing 50 per cent, of iodine, soluble in alcohol or chloroform but insoluble in water. It has been recommended as a substitute for iodoform internally as well as externally. Dose, 1 to 5 grains. — (Nonproprietary.) CINEOL is a synonym of the official eucalyptol. CINEROL is a thin mercurial cream consisting of 4 grams of metallic mercury and 20 c.c. each of sterilized palm oil and sterilized sesame oil. It is used by intra- muscular injection as an antisyphilitic. CINNAMOYLPARAOXYPHENYLUREA.— See elbon. CIOSE is said to be a dry, completely soluble protein product of beef, separated from extractives and contain- ing 83 to 85 per cent, of actual protein. It occurs in light, yellowish-white scales, easily soluble in water, forming a solution having a faintly acid reaction. It is prescribed as a nutritive, and serves particularly as a means of aug- menting the protein of any diet. — Mfrs.: Fairchild Bros. & Foster, New York. CIRRHOLYSIN is the name applied to triturates of alyl- sulphocarbamide (thiosinamine) -bismuth triiodide, each containing 1/10 grain of the remedy and 9/10 grain of milk sugar. The article is used chiefly in ankylosis of the joints. Dose, 10 to 20 triturates during the day, with meals. — Mfrs.: Anglo-Amer. Pharm. Co., New York; agts.: E. Fougera & Co., New York. CITARIN, chemically sodium anhydromethylenecitrate, NaoC 7 H 6 7 , is a white, slightly hygroscopic powder, of saline and acidulous taste; soluble in about 1% parts of water, but insoluble in alcohol or ether. It has been rec- ommended as a solvent of uric-acid deposits in gouty con- ditions, as well as a remedy in chronic rheumatism. It liberates formaldehyde in the blood, and this is said to form very soluble combinations with "the uric acid present in the system and thus favor its elimination. Dose, 15 to 30 grains, with a copious draught of water. — Mfrs.: Far- benfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New- York. CITCELCE is an eclectic liquid antiseptic and deodorant, made according to the formula of Dr. G. W. Boskowitz, of New York. It is used in 10 per cent, to full strength. — Mfrs.: Lloyd Bros., Cincinnati, Ohio. CITON TABLETS, white, contain 0.1 gram of phenol- phtalein, 0.5 gram of sugar, and 0.01 gram of menthol. The drown consist of 0.1 gram of phenolphtalein, 0.5 gram of sugar, 0.002 gram of vanillin, and 0.1 gram of cacao. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 73 They are taken as laxatives. Dose, 1 to 5. — Mfr.: G. Stam- bach, Colraar, Germ. CITRAMIN-OXYPHEN is a trade name for hexamethyl- enetetramine methyl-citrate, better known as helrnitol. CITRIC-ACID TRIPARAPHENETIDIN is citrophen. CITROCOLL is denned as the neutral citrate of amido- acet-para-phenetidin (amidophenaeetin). It is a crystal- line substance, melting-point, 193° C; readily soluble in water. It is employed as an antipyretic, antirheumatic, and analgesic. Dose, 10 to 20 grains; up to 90 grains per day. — Mfr.: Chem. Fabrik, Falkenberg, Germ.; agts.: Cel- larius Co., San Francisco, Cal. CITRONAL PILLS contain per 100, according to the manufacturer, 0.5 gram of quinine hydrochloride, 4 grams of extract of huckleberry leaves, 10 grams of citric acid, 6 grams of buckthorn extract, and powdered liquorice and liquorice extract q. s. They are used in gout, rheuma- tism, etc. Dcse, 5 pills thrice daily. — Mfr.: R. Schoellkopf, Munich, Germ. CITRO-PARAPHENETIDIN is the chemical designation for apolysin; neutral citro-phenetidin the chemical equiva- lent of citrophen. CITROPHEN, or neutral citro-phenetidin, paraphenetidin citrate, or citric-acid triparaphenetidin (C 6 H 4 .OC 2 H 5 .NH.- CO) 3 .C 3 H 4 .OH, occurs as a white, crystalline powder, of tart taste, and soluble in 40 parts of water. It was intro- duced as a succedaneum for phenacetin in all its uses. Dose, 8 to 15 grains; maximum daily dose, 90 grains. Mineral acids decompose it. — Mfr.: Dr. I. Ross, Frankfort- on-M., Germ. CITROSPIRIN is a combination of acetylsalicylic (as- pirin) and citrateS caffeine, employed as an analgesic and antipyretic. Dose, 5 to 15 grains. Marketed only in tab- let form.— Mfrs.: Drs. R. & O. Weil, Frankfort-on-M., Germ. CLAVIN is a proximate principle of ergot which has been isolated by Prof. Ernst Vahlen, of the University of Halle, Germany. The formula CnH-J^O*, has been as- signed to it, and it occurs as a microcrystalline substance soluble in two parts of water, insoluble in absolute alcohol, ether, or benzin. It does not form salts. According to the discoverer, clavin represents the full oxytocic virtue of ergot, causing no irritation when injected hypodermically, keeps for a long time in the dry state, and its solutions can be boiled without decomposition setting in. Its aqueous solutions, however, on keeping in a warm place for any length of time, develop a fungous growth. It is marketed also as clavin-salt tablets, each containing 0.02 gram of clavin and 0.08 gram of sodium chloride, and intended specially for subcutaneous use dissolved in 1 c.c. of water; and as clavin-sugar tablets, each carrying 0.02 gram of clavin and intended for use by the mouth. Dose, % to 1 74 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA grain.— Mfr. : B. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. COCAINE ARABINATE is a new cocaine salt introduced by Dr. Erhardt as a succedaneum for the hydrochloride, especially for lumbar anesthesia. It is said to be absorbed much more slowly and its anesthetic effect to last three times as long as that of the hydrochloride, and to disturb the nerve system hardly any. — (Nonproprietary.) COCAINE PHENATE fphenylate, carbolate) as mar- keted by Merck is believed to be a definite compound hav- ing the formula C 17 H 21 N0 4 .C e H e O. It is obtained by dissolv- ing 76 parts of cocaine alkaloid in 24 parts of melted phenol crystals, and occurs as a yellowish, soft mass which is soluble in alcohol and in ether but almost insoluble in water. If is employed mainly as a local anesthetc in den- tistry and in laryngeal tuberculosis, but is occasionally given internally in gastric pain. Dose, 1/12 to % grain in capsules. Cocaine phenate Poinsot is a solution of 1 part of phenol and 2 parts of cocaine alkaloid in a mixture of 40 parts of liquid petrolatum and peanut oil. It is mar- keted in 1-gram tubes. Cocaine plienate Viau is a mixture of cocaine hydrochloride with carbolic acid. COCO, IRON, QUININE AND STRYCHNINE is a gen- eral tonic each fluid dram of which contains soluble iron phosphate 1 grain, quinine sulphate 1 grain, and strych- nine sulphate 1/64 grain, with chocolate and arcmatics. Dose. 1 to 2 teaspoonfuls. — Mfrs.: Eli Lilly & Co., Indian- apolis, Ind. COCO-QUININE is a suspension of quinine sulphate in chocolate-flavored syrup, 2 grains to the fluid dram. — Mfrs.: Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapolis, Ind. CODEINE METHYL-BROMIDE (brom-methylate). See eucocHfie. CODEINE ORTHOGUAIACOLSULPHONATE. See guai- acodeine. CODEONAL consists of 11.76 per cent, codeine diethyl- barbiturate and 88.24 per cent, sodium diethylbarbiturate. It is a white, crystalline powder of bitter taste, marketed in sugar-coated tablets containing 0.17 gram of codeonal each. It is offered as a sedative and hypnotic. Dose, 1 to 2 tablets. — Mfrs.: Knoll & Co., Ludwigshafen-on-Rh. (Germ.) and New York. CODRENIN is a generic name for local anesthetic solu- tions containing various quantities of cocaine hydrochlo- ride, adrenalin and chloretone, and designated as codrenin A, B, and C, respectively. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. CCELIACIN is, according to Dr. Schwerdt, the dried mesenteric glands of sheep, marketed in tablets, each of which represents 0.3 gram of fresh gland. It is intended for use particularly in scleroderma. — Mfr.: Apotheker Bor- mann, Gotha, Germ. COLALIN consists essentially of hyoglycocholic and hyo- THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 75 taurocholic acids, obtained from bile. To preserve the pul- verulent condition a little magnesium carbonate is added. It occurs as a yellow powder of faint odor and persistent bitter taste, and is only slightly soluble in water. It is ex- ploited as an active cholagogue and laxative. Dose, *4 to V2 grain three or four times daily. Marketed in powder form and as tablets (%, x /4 and % grain). — Mfrs.: Rufus Crowell & Co., Somerville, Mass.; agts.: Schieffelin & Co., New York. COLCHICINE SALICYLATE is not a true salt of col- chicine, as this principle is not known to combine with organic acids, but rather a mixture containing 20 parts of colchicine to 7 parts of salicylic acid; a yellowish powder, soluble in water, alcohol, or ether. It has been employed in gout and rheumatism. Dose, 1/100 to 1/60 grain every four hours. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. COLCHISAL is the name applied to capsules "each of which contains % milligram of colchicine, Ys milligram of the active principle of cannabis indica, and 20 centigrams of methyl salicylate." The article is used as an antirheu- matic and antipodagric. Dose, 1 to 4 capsules several times daily. — Mfrs.: Anglo-Amer. Pharm. Co., New York; agts.: E. Fougera & Co., New York. COLEY'S FLUID is a mixture of erysipelas and prodigi- osus toxines, recommended by Dr. M. B. Coley for the treatment of malignant neoplasms, particularly sarcoma. It is injected into the tumor itself or hypodermically, in doses of y 2 to 2 minims or more (sufficient to produce ap- propriate reaction). — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. COLI BACTERIN— See under bacterins. COLLA TANNICA ftannated gelatin) is a Sv/iss substi- tute for tanacol, an intestinal astringent. COLLAFORM is a pulverulent compound of formalde- hyde and gelatin, analogous to glutol and used as a vul- nerary. — Mfr.: C. Fr. Hausmann, St. Galen, Switzerland. COLLARGOL (colloidal silver or soluble silver ; argentum Cre'de') is an allotropic form of metallic silver, said to contain 85.87 per cent, of silver and a small percentage of albumin with products of its oxidation. It occurs as small, hard, brittle, bluish-black, scale-like pieces, that are soluble in about 20 parts of distilled water, yielding a dark olive-brown solution which keeps for several months with- out especial protection from light or heat. It is used to some extent in certain skin, surgical and eye diseases and infectious gastrointestinal disturbances, but chiefly intra- venously in septicemia and pyemia; 1 to 2 grains in 2 to 5 per cent, solution every 12 to 24 hours. Topically it is used mostly as "unguentum Crede" (see this); per os, in solution or tablets, % to 2 grains twice daily; by enema, 10 to 30 grains in 4 ounces of boiled warm water. To pre- pare collargol solutions, put the drug into a perfectly clean 76 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA brown bottle, add the necessary amount of distilled water, and allow to stand until softened; then shake vigorously until complete solution is effected. It need not be filtered. It should have a clear brown color; if gray and turbid, it is decomposed. A very warm temperature is apt to de- compose it. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik von Heyden, Radebeul, Germ.; agts.: Sobering & Glatz, New ¥ork. COLLIGAMEN is a collective term applied to medicated adhesive bandages introduced by E. Dieterich. Mull band- ages are coated on the one side with different glue-glycerin solutions. For use, the bandages are quickly immersed in cold water, applied with the adhesive surface upon the part to be dressed, and covered with cotton or an ordinary bandage. They are employed in place of Unna's glue dressings. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik "Helfenberg," Helfen- berg, Germ.; agts.: Reinschild Chem. Co., New York. COLLOIDAL CALOMEL.— See calomelol. COLLOIDAL SILVER.— See collar g oh COLLOSAL MERCURY and COLLOSAL SILVER are electrolytically prepared colloidal metals. They are said to be more stable than those hitherto marketed. COLLOSIN, acetone-collodion, or filmogen, is described under the last-named heading. COLLOXYLIN is a synonym of pyroxylin (soluble gun- cotton). CONIINE HYDROBROMIDE (cicutine or conicine hydro- bromide), C 8 H 17 N.HBr, occurs as white needles or powder, soluble in 2 parts of water and in 3 parts of alcohol, and soluble also in chloroform, but insoluble in ether. It con- tains 61 per cent, coniine alkaloid. It is employed as an antispasmodic and antineuralgic, chiefly in traumatic tetanus, sciatica, and whooping-cough. Dose (per os), 1/60 to 1/30 grain three or four times daily; children, 1/600 to 1/60 grain. Hypodermically (in tetanus), as much as 1/20 to % grain has been injected at a time. The antidotal treatment generally consists in giving tannin, then emet- ics, enemas of vinegar, strychnine or atropine hypoder- mically, etc. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. CONVACOCTA (Bahr) are aqueous plant extracts or concentrated infusions evaporated in a vacuum to the weight of the drug used in their preparation, and are in- tended to be used in the place of infusions or decoctions made in the usual way. — Mfr.: George Bahr, Wetzlar, Germ. CONVALLAMARIN, C 23 H 44 12 , is a glucoside from con- vallaria majalis, occurring as an amorphous, yellowish powder, soluble in water or alcohol. It is used as a cardiac stimulant and a diuretic. Dose, % to 1 grain three to six times daily; hypodermically, 1/12 to % grain. Maximum dose, 1 grain singly, 5 grains daily. Antidotal measures: Emetics, stomach pump, camphor, wine, etc. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 77 COPPER ARSENITE several years ago came to the fore as a remedy in cholera infantum and other infectious diarrheas; 1/120 grain is administered in water every half hour until relieved, then two-hourly. It is also pre- scribed occasionally in dysmenorrhea and in whooping- cough. Maximum dose, 1 grain. — (Nonproprietary.) COPPER CITRATE (cupric citrate), like the preceding, is not a new introduction, but has only in recent years been employed therapeutically as a substitute for copper sulphate, mainly in trachoma. It is also known as cupri- citrol. It forms a green or bluish-green odorless powder containing 34 to 36 per cent of copper; very slightly soluble in water. It is prescribed as 5- to 20- per-cent. dusting powders, pencils or ointments. — (Nonproprietary.) COPPER CYANIDE (cupricin) is a light, whitish pow- der almost insoluble in water or alcohol but soluble in am- monia water or solution of potassium cyanide, introduced as a remedy in the treatment of trachoma. — (Nonproprie- tary.) COPPER METHYLENE-DISALICYLATE.— See cuforma- sal. COPPER NUCLEINATE or NUCLEIDE— See cuprol. COPPER SULPHOCARBOLATE (para-pKenol-sulpho- nate), also known as cupriaseptol, Cu(C 6 H 5 S 4 ) 2 +6HX), oc- curs as green crystals, soluble in water or alcohol. Gawal- owski recommends it as an astringent antiseptic. It is used mainly in %~ to 1-per-cent. solutions. — (Nonpropri- etary.) CORIAMYRTIN, C 3 oH 3 Ao, is a bitter principle obtained from the leaves and fruit of coriaria myrtifolia. It forms colorless crystals, soluble in water, alcohol, chloroform, or ether, and is used in conditions of collapse, particularly those due to weakening of the respiratory and vascular centers. Dose, 1/120 to 1/60 grain, subcutaneously. CORISOL is a semi-solid oleaginous preparation of the active principle of the suprarenal capsule, used mainly in eustachian and post-nasal catarrh. Corisol inhalant is an oily solution of the same active principle, for use with an atomizer. — Mfrs.: Squire & Sons, London W., Eng. CORNUTIN CONCENTRATED is described as a nearly pure solution of the alkaloids contained in ergot. — Mfr.: Fr. Schaefer, Andernach, Germ. CORNUTINE CITRATE is the salt of an alkaloid of ergot, which, according to Kobert, is the active contractile principle of the crude drug, but, according to Tanret, is a more or less decomposed ergotinine. It is prescribed as an oxytocic and hemostatic in obstetric practice, but latterly more often in spermatorrhea. It occurs as a brownish- black, very hygroscopic powder, soluble in alcohol, spar- ingly and incompletely soluble in water. Dose, in hemor- rhage, 1/20 to y s grain; in spermatorrhea, 1/20 grain twice daily, in pills. Maximum daily dose, % grain. — 78 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. CORNUTOL (liquidextractum ergotw Mulford) is "a con- centrated, permanent, non-irritating, non-nauseating and aseptic preparation of ergot, especially prepared for hypo- dermic and general use. Each minim represents 2y 2 grains of Spanish ergot." Dose, 5 to 30 minims. — Mfrs.: H. K. Mulford Co., Philadelphia, Pa. CORONILLIN is a glucoside contained in the seeds of coronilla scorpioides; a yellow powder, soluble in water or alcohol, and employed as a heart tonic and diuretic, anal- ogous in action to digitalin. Dose, 1 to 2 grains four times daily. Used also hypodermically. Maximum daily dose, 10 grains. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. COROSUCCIN is a new antiseptic, consisting, according to A. Bebesh and F. Begneseo, of equal parts of a lMs-per- cent. solution of succinic acid and 1:10,000 solution of cor- rosive sublimate. The succinic acid is said vastly to in- crease the bactericidal action of the sublimate. CORPUS LUTEUM is the yellow granular material from beef ovaries, used in disorders of the menopause, dys- menorrhea, etc. Dose, 5 to 10 grains as capsules (so mar- keted). — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., and others. CORRECTONE AND REGULIN CORRECTONE are synonyms of regulin. CORVULT is a synonym of digitalis Winckel. CORYPIN is denned as the ethylgly colic acid ester of menthol or menthyl ethylglycolate, C 14 H 26 3 . It occurs as a limpid, colorless oil having a faint menthol odor. It is soluble in alcohol, ether or chloroform; sparingly soluble in water. It is employed as a succedaneum for menthol in nervous headache, coryza, hoarseness, and pharyngeal irritation. In headache it may be lightly rubbed in or painted on the forehead, avoiding the eyes; in coryza it . may be applied with a brush or spray; in throat affections 3 or 4 drops may be placed on a lump of sugar and allowed to dissolve in the mouth, or mixed with warm water and used as a gargle. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. CORYL is a solution of methyl chloride in ethyl chloride, analogous to anesthol or anestile. COTARGENT is a brand name for colloidal silver, an article described under collargol. COTARGIT is a double salt of cotarnine hydrochloride (stypticin) and ferric chloride; ruby-red crystals, freely soluble in water, and intended for use as a styptic. — Mfr.: Dr. A. Voswinkel, Berlin W., Germ. COTARNINE HYDROCHLORIDE is the chemical name of the article known in the trade as stypticin; see the latter heading. COTARNINE PHTALATE is the chemical designation of the hemostatic marketed as styptol, which see. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 79 COTOIN is the active principle of true coto bark; a yellow powder of pungent taste, and soluble in alcohol, ether, or chloroform, but very slightly so in water. It is used some to arrest night-sweats, but chiefly as an anti- diarrheal in dysentery, etc- Dose, iy 2 to 3 grains, in wafers; maximum dose, 5 grains singly, 15 grains per day. Contraindicated when there is tendency to intestinal hem- orrhage. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. CREALBIN or creolalbin is a compound of creolin and albumin intended as a form for administering creolin in- ternally. It is a brown powder, representing 50 per cent, of creolin, and used as an intestinal disinfectant and astringent in doses of 5 to 15 grains. CREDARGAN is a former name for septargan, a new brand of colloidal silver. CRELIUM is a cresol-soap solution something like the official solution cresol compound. CREMOBISMUTH (Mulford's mixture bismuth subcar- bonate) is a milk of bismuth each fluidounce of which represents the equivalent of about 40 grains of bismuth subnitrate in the form of hydrated or basic carbonate of bismuth. It is employed as a gastro-intestinal protective and astringent. Dose, teaspoonful to tablespoonful every two or three hours. — Mfrs.: H. K. Mulford Co., Philadel- phia, Pa. CREOFORM or kreoform or creosoform or kreosoform is a condensation product of creosote and formaldehyde; a greenish-yellow, odorless, tasteless powder, becoming light- yellow on exposure to air; insoluble in water or ether, slightly soluble in alcohol, and readily soluble in a mixture of alcohol and chloroform and in alkaline solutions. It is intended to replace creosote in tuberculosis and diarrheas. See caution under formaldehyde. — Mfr.: G. F. Henning, Berlin, Germ. CREOLALBIN.— See crealbin. CREOLIN PEARSON is defined as "saponified coal-tar creosote, composed of homologues of carbolic acid, water, hydrocarbons, organic bases, soda, resin, sulphur and chlo- rine." It occurs as a dark-brown, thick liquid of tarry odor and specific gravity 1.040 to 1.080. Soluble in about 40 parts of water, making a milky emulsion, and soluble in all proportions in alcohol, ether or chloroform. It is used as a germicide, disinfectant and deodorant, chiefly in V2- to 2-per-cent. solutions, but also in 2- to 5-per-cent. oint* ments (in parasitic skin diseases). Dose, internally, 2 to 5 minims in pills, three times daily; in cholera, 15 minims more frequently. Its aqueous solutions should be pre- pared freshly as wanted. — Mfrs.: Wm. Pearson & Co., Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. CREOLOL is a coal-tar disinfectant and deodorant anal- ogous to creolin and used just like it. — Mfrs.: White Tar Co., New York. 80 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA CREOSAL or tannosal is a combination of creosote and tannin. It occurs as a brown, hygroscopic powder, readily soluble in water, alcohol or glycerin, and containing 60 per cent, of creosote. It is used as a substitute for creo- sote in tuberculosis, also as an intestinal astringent (es- pecially in phthisical diarrhea). Dose, 10 to 30 grains. Marketed as 6.6-per-cent. solution and as 5-grain pills. — E. Feigel, Muhlhausen, Germ. CREOSAPOL is a disinfectant analogous to compound solution of cresol. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik List, Hanover, Germ. CREOSOFORM or kreosoform is the same as creoform. CREOSOLID or kreosolid is the magnesium compound of the bivalent phenols of creosote, and forms a white powder of slight odor and taste. One part represents 2 parts of creosote. It is usually given in doses of 8 grains four times daily as a substitute for creosote or guaiacol. — Mfr.: Dr. Denzel, Tubingen, Germ. CREOSOTAL. — See creosote carbonate. CREOSOTAL-ICHTHYOL is described as a mixture of 15- parts each of creosotal and ichthyol, 30 parts of glyc- erin, and 10 parts of peppermint water. It is offered as an antitubercular. Dose, 20 to 40 drops three times daily, in wine or lemonade. CREOSOTE CAMPHORATE is a compound of equal molecules of creosote and camphor, which is used chiefly as a sedative. Dose, 3 grains three or four times daily, in capsules (so marketed). CREOSOTE CARBONATE, so called, but which should be designated carbonated creosote, i« a mixture of carbonic acid esters prepared from creosote. It is better known as creosotal. It occurs as a yellow, viscid, clear, oily liquid, of faint odor and slightly bitter taste; insoluble in water, but soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform and oils. It con- tains about 92 per cent, of creosote. It is incompatible with alkalies. It is used for the same purposes as creosote. Dose, 5 to 30 grains three times a day, in milk, wme, cod- liver oil, etc. Externally it may be applied undiluted. — ( Nonproprietary. ) CREOSOTE IODIDE.— See creosotide. CREOSOTE-MAGNESOL is a powder said to represent 80 per cent, of creosote, calcined magnesia being the vehicle. It is offered as a substitute for liquid creosote, which is free from the burning taste of, and the gastric irritation produced by, the latter. CREOSOTE PHENYLPROPIONATE.— See proposote. CREOSOTE VALERATE, so called, is better known as eosote, and will be described under that heading. CREOSOTIDE is a chemical compound of creosote with iodine, containing about 25 per cent, of the latter. It is obtained as an amorphous, brownish powder, insoluble in water, and having but little odor and taste. It is used in all cases where it has been customary to employ creosote. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 81 Supplied only as tablets, }i grain and % grain, and in com- binations with strychnine, bismuth, iron and arsenic. — Mfrs.: Nelson, Baker & Co., Detroit, Mich. CREOSOTINE is a palatable preparation of beechwood creosote containing 1 minim of this drug in each fluid dram. Dose, a teaspoonful to a tablespoonful or more three times a day. — Mfrs.: Penn. Pharm. Co., Philadel- phia, Pa. CRESALBIN (kresalbin) is a compound of creosote and albumin, offered as a succedaneum for liquid creosote as an antitubercular and antizymotic. It should not be con- founded with crealbin, a combination of creolin with al- bumin. CRESALOL (kresalol; cresol salicylate; metacresyl sali- cylate), C 6 H 4 .CH 3 .O.OC.C 6 H 4 .OH, is prepared from sodium metacresylate and sodium salicylate with the aid of phos- phorus oxychloride. It occurs as colorless, odorless and almost tasteless crystals soluble in alcohol or ether, but insoluble in water; melting-point, 73° to 74° C. It is used as an intestinal antiseptic ^md antirheumatic like salol. Dose, 5 to 15 grains several times daily. — (Nonpropri- etary. ) CRESATIN is the trade name adopted for metacresyl acetate, the acetic acid ester of metacresol. It occurs as a colorless, oily liquid, possessing a characteristic odor, prac- tically insoluble in water but soluble in oils, alcohol, ether or chloroform. It is used as an antiseptic and disinfectant, especially in nose, throat and ear diseases, either in un- diluted form or in oily or alcoholic solution, as a paint or spray. — Mfrs.: Schieffelin & Co., New York. CRESEGOL is mercury ortho-nitro-cresol-parasulphon- ate; a brownish-red, readily soluble powder intended for use as a surgical disinfectant. CRESOL IODIDE (ortho-cresol iodide) will be described under traumatol. CRESOL SALICYLATE.— See cresalol. CRESYLOL is identical with cresol (official). CRESYLONE is a liquid disinfectant containing 50 per cent, of cresylic acid (cresol), making a clear solution with water in all proportions. It thus appears to be the same as the official compound solution of cresol, and is used chiefly as a surgical antiseptic and deodorant. — Mfrs. : Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. CROLASIN is the fanciful name applied to plain caster oil said to have "no taste, no odor and no color." — Mfrs.: J. J. Mason & Co., New York. CRURIN is the trade name for quinoline-oismuth sul- phocyanide (rhodanide), of the formula (C 9 H 7 N.HSCN)_>- Bi(SCN) 3 . The drug occurs as a reddish-yellow, stable powder of non-pronounced quinoline odor; insoluble in water, alcohol or ether. It is prescribed as a siccative anti- septic, chiefly in ulcers of the leg, in 20- to 50-per-cent dusting-powders; in 0.5-per-cent. suspension in water with 82 TflE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA a little glycerin it is occasionally employed in gonorrhea. Marketed also as a 50-per-cent. dusting-powder, with starch. — Mfrs.: Kalle & Co., Biebrich-on-Rh., Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink; New York. CRYOGENINE or kryogenin, chemically metabenzamino- semicarbazide, occurs as white, odorless, bitterish powder soluble in alcohol, chloroform or ether and in about 40 parts of water. It has been recommended by several French physicians, in doses of 5 to 15 grains, as an anti pyretic in phthisis and typhoid fever. — Mfr.: A. Lumiere, Paris, France; agts.: Fougera & Co., New York. CRYSOL' is a product analogous to the official solution ere sol compound. CRYSTALLINE or kristallin is a protective similar to collodion. It is said to consist of pyroxylin (1), methyl alcohol (4), and amyl actate (15). A flexible modifica- tion is obtained by adding castor oil (5) and balsam of fir (10). The same name has been given to a liquid re- sembling listerine. Methyl alcohol should be avoided in external as well as internal preparations, as it possesses deadly and sight-destroying power. (See note under for- maldehyde.) — Mfr.: W. Martindale, London, Eng. CRYSTALLOSE is a brand of crystalline, soluble sac- charin (sodium-benzoylsulphonicimide). — Mfrs.: Heyden Chem. Works, Radebeul (Germ.) and New York. CRYSTOS figures as an ingredient of popular prescrip- tions "for making an eye remedy." It is a coarse, white, odorless powder, soluble in water without appreciable res- idue. According to analyses made at the chemical labora- tory of the American Medical Association, the composi- tion of crystos is about as follows: dried sodium borate 20 per cent., sodium chloride 20 per cent., and boric acid 60 per cent. — Mfrs.: H. S. Peterson & Co., Chicago, 111. CUFORMASAL is the copper salt of formasal (methyl- ene-disalicylic acid), occasionally prescribed in ulcerative diarrhea and venereal ulcers or gonorrhea. Dose, 3 to 6 grains. See caution under formaldehyde. — Mfrs.: Organic Chem. Co., Fort Washington, Pa. CUPRIASEPTOL is what Dr. Gawalowski called copper sulphocarbolate (phenolsulphonate) ; see this. CUPRICIN. — See copper cyanide. CUPRICITROL is a name applied to copper citrate, un- der which heading it is here described. CUPROHEMOL or cuprated hemol is hemol with 2 per cent, of copper organically combined. It occurs as a dark brown, insoluble powder, and is used in place of the older copper compounds in tuberculosis, scrofula, etc. Dose 1*£ to 3 grains thrice daily. Maximum dose, 8 grains.— Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; Merck & Co., New York. CUPROL (copper nucleinate or nucleide) is defined as a chemical compound of copper with nuclenic acid, contain- ing 6 per cent, of copper. It forms a green powder, sol- uble in water; its solutions do not coagulate albumin and THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIOA 83 are not precipitated by alkalies. It is employed pure or in 10-per-cent. solution as an astringent and antiseptic, largely in eye diseases. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., De- troit, Mich. CURARINE, also known as tubocurarine, is the alka- loidal principle of curare (tubocurare). It forms a brown, deliquescent powder, soluble in water and alcohol, and recommended by Hoffmann and Hacke in tetanus. Dose, hypodermically 1/60 to 1/12 grain. The antidotal treat- ment usually consists of applying atropine, strychnine, artificial respiration and stimulants. — (Nonproprietary.) CURDELETTE POWDER is said to contain the lactic acid ferment; curdelette chocolate tablets are said to con- tain chocolate in addition. They are used for making sour milk. CUSYLOL (cusol) is defined as a double-salt of copper citrate and sodium borocitrate, occurring as a blue, slightly hygroscopic powder soluble in about 1 part of water and insoluble in alcohol or ether. It contains about 15 per cent, of copper. It is used chiefly in trachoma and gonor- rheal diseases of the eye, as ointment, dusting-powder or solution. — Mfrs.: Gesellschaft fur Anilin-Fabrikation, Ber- lin S (Germ.) ; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. CUTOL is aluminium boro-tannate, a light-brown powder containing 47 per cent, of tannic acid, 13.8 of alumina, and 39.2 per cent, of boric acid; insoluble in water, soluble in solutions of tartaric acid. It is used mainly as an as- tringent and antiseptic in skin diseases; pure or diluted, or as ointment. With tartaric acid it combines to form soluble cutol (aluminium boro-tanno-tartrate), which is used in solution in certain skin diseases, gonorrhea, etc. — Mfr.: Apotheker Leuchter, Berlin W, Germ. CUTOLIN is a styptic pencil made of aluminium bi- borate, used for checking minor hemorrhages. CYCLOFORM is a new local anesthetic possessing also mild vasoconstrictive and antiseptic action, and designed particularly for use on wounds, ulcers, burns, etc. Owing to its slight solubility in water and wound secretions, it is said to have a prolonged effect coupled with diminished toxicity. It is applied pure or as 5 to 10 per cent, oint- ments or dusting-powders. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of El- berfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. CYCLORENAL is an ointment said to contain cycloform, epinephrine, Peru balsam and coryfin. It is intended for use chiefly on painful, readily bleeding wound3. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. CYLLIN is described as a creolin four times as concen- trated as Pearson's creolin. — Mfrs.: Jeyes Sanitary Com- pounds Co., London, Eng. CYPRIDOL is described as "a 1-per-cent. solution of mercuric iodide in an aseptic oil." It is used in syphilis. Marketed in 3-minim capsules containing 1/32 grain of 84 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA H 2 I 2 , and in 30-minini ampuls for intramuscular injec- tions. Dose, 6 to 12 capsules per day, with meals. — Mfr.: Vial, Paris, France; agts.: E. Fougera & Co., New York. CYSTAMINE and CYSTOGEN are trade names for hexametliylcnetetr amine, now official as hexamethylena- mine. CYSTOPURIN is the trade name adopted for hexa- methyl enamine and sodium acetate. It occurs as white, slender, long needles that are freely soluble in water. It is intended as a substitute for hexamethyienamine (which is marketed under the names urotropin, formin, cystogen, cystamine, etc.). It should be noted that the use of formaldehyde preparations or of compounds that may produce it involves a possibility of bad effect on eye- sight. See caution under formaldehyde. — Mfr.: Joh. A. Wiilfing, Berlin, Germ. D DEALIN is, according to Zernik, a mixture of 20 parts of sodium perborate, 10 parts each of boric acid and zinc oxide, and 60 parts of a mixture of talcum with a little starch and magnesium carbonate. It is employed as a vet- erinary vulnerary. — Mfrs.: Dealin-Werke, Berlin, Germ. DEBA is a trade-name for diethyl oar ibituric acid, better known as veronal. DECILAN is defined as "a solution of formaldehyde and potassium oleate, containing 6 per cent, of formaldehyde gas." It occurs as a clear, alkaline liquid which is misci- ble with water, alcohol or glycerin in all proportions. It is used as an antiseptic and disinfectant. — Mfr.: Dr. A. Horowitz, Berlin, Germ. DECIQUOR is a stable, tenfold solution of peptonized iron and manganese, from which the ordinary solution is made by adding to each 100 grams the same quantity of alcohol and 800 grams of water. DEDASOL is the name applied to tablets said to repre- sent the active principles of physiologically standardized digitalis and each of which is stated to be the equivalent of iy 2 grains of the leaf. — Mfr.: A. Voswinkel, Berlin, Germany. DEKOFA is "coffee from which about 90 per cent, of its caffeine has been removed without impairing the flavor and aroma." It is offered as a supersessor of coffee as a beverage. — Agts.: Merck & Co., New York. DERICIN OIL is prepared by heating castor oil in an atmosphere of oxygen at 300° C. until a loss in weight of 10 to 12 per cent, is obtained. The preparation is able to absorb considerable quantities of water and is therefore used for the preparation of ointments, soaps, utc. — Mfr.: Dr. H. Noerdlinger, Floersheim, Germ. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 85 DERMALAVON is a water-soluble ointment base made by Oswald Wiegand, Leipsic, Germ. DERMATOL is a brand name for bismuth subgallate, now official. — Agts.: V. Koechl & Co., New York. DERMOCRUCIN is defined as an ointment containing 50 per cent, of "Kreuznacher Mutterlauge" salt. DERMOGEN is a brand name for zinc peroxide. — Own- ers: Medical Dioxide Co., New York. DERMOSAPOL is a superfatted soap that readily takes up creosote, potassium iodide, thiocol, and other medica- ments and favors their absorption through the skin. It thus forms the basis of a number of dermosapol prepara- tions containing different active drugs. — Mfr.: Engel Apotheke, Mulheim, Germ. DESALGIN (colloidal chloroform) is an analgesic in powder form which represents 25 per cent, of chloroform combined with albumin. It is put forward for use in cases of gall-stones, intestinal colic, asthma and catarrhal diseases of the bronchial tubes. Dose, 5 to 15 grains. — Mfrs.: Vertriebgesellschaft Dr. Schleich's Preparations, Berlin SW, Germ. DESICHTOL is a deodorized ichthyol obtained by Hel- mers by passing steam through ichthyol, whereby the vol- atile oil (about % per cent.) is driven off. Physically it resembles ichthyol, but whether it has the same therapeu- tic virtues is an open question. — Mfrs.: Ichthyol-Gesell- schaft, Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. DESINFECTOL is a mixture of resin soaps with tar oils containing cresol or with crude cresol. It yields a turbid solution with water, and appears to be analogous with the better-known creolin. — Mfr.: Dr. Loewenstein, Rostock, Germ. DETERGAL is a liquid antiseptic soap, for use by sur- geons, obstetricians, etc. It contains cresol and thymol as its germicidal constituents. — Mfrs.: Sharp & Dohme, Balti- more, Md. DEXTRI-MALTOSE is described as a malt sugar (malt- ose) product resulting from the action of malt diastase upon starch. It is composed approximately of maltose 51 per cent., dextrin 42.7 per cent., salts 2 per cent., and moisture 4.3 per cent. It contains no cellulose, protein nor fat, and is wholly soluble. It is used in infant feed- ing, to supplement the carbohydrate deficiency of cow's milk. — Mfrs.: Mead, Johnson & Co., Jersey City, N. J. DEXTROFORM is a condensation-product of dextrin and formaldehyde, occurring as a white, almost odorless and tasteless powder, soluble in water or glycerin but in- soluble in alcohol, ether or chloroform. It is a wound anti- septic like iodoform, and has been used in gonorrhea in 2y 2 to 5 per cent, solutions. — Mfr.: Dr. L. W. Gans, Frankfort- on-M., Germ. DIABETIC SERUM.— See under serums. DIABETIN was a trade name for levulose, which a few 86 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA years ago came into vogue as a substitute for cane sugar in diabetes. The name has since been abandoned, and the article is now marketed as levulose Schering. — See levu- lose. DIABETSERIN is an artificial serum used as an anti- diabetic. To overcome the hepatic stagnation present in cases of diabetes, to increase the flow of bile into the in- testines and to improve metabolism by establishing normal circulation, as far as possible, Dr. M. Fraenkel has resorted to the use of a combination of Trunecek's serum (used principally in arterial sclerosis) with eserine and obtained good results. Two strengths are employed. Diaftet- serin No. 1 contains the salts of Trunecek's serum with 0.07 per cent, of eserine salicylate. Two of the tablets rep- resent 0.0005 gram of eserine and the salts of 100 c.c. of blood serum. Diabetserin No. 2 consists of diabetserin No. 1 with 0.0118 per cent, of atropine; equivalent to 0.0001 gram of atropine in two tablets. The atropine is said to increase the action of the eserine; and the remedy is spe- cially indicated where there are cramp-like pains in dia- betic cases. The dose of either combination is 1 or 2 tab- lets thrice daily. — Mfr.: Wm. Natterer, Munich II, Germ. DIACELLOSE — See regulin. DIACETYL-MORPH1NE (acetylated morphine), C 17 H 1T - (C 2 H 3 2 ) 2 NO, is a white, crystalline, odorless, bitter pow- der; practically insoluble in water or ether, soluble in chloroform. It is used as a succedaneum for morphine, and is used chiefly in diseases of the air-passages attended with cough, difficult breathing and spasms. Dose, 1/24 to 1/6 grain three or four times a day. — (Nonproorietary.) DIACETYL-MORPHINE HYDROCHLORIDE occurs as a white, crystalline, odorless, bitter, neutral powder, sol* uble in about 2 parts of water and soluble also in alcohol but insoluble in ether. Its action and uses are the same as those of the base. — (Nonproprietary.) DIACETYL-TANNIN — See tannigen. DIALKALOS is an effervescent granular salt containing in each dose caffeine % grain, potassium bromide 5 grains, lithium carbonate 2% grains, sodium phosphate 5 grains and formamine (hexamethylenamine) 2y 2 grains. It is used as an alkaline diuretic, urinary disinfectant and anti- lithic. — Mfrs.: Sharp & Dohme, Baltimore, Md. DIAMOND ANTISEPTICS are hand-moulded tablets of mercury bichloride; the large contain 7.3 grains, and the small 1.82 grains of this salt. — Mfrs.: Eli Lilly & Co., Indi- anopolis, Ind. DIASPIRIN is the succinic acid ester of salicylic acid, occurring as a white, almost tasteless, crystalline powder, melting at about 178° C, readily soluble in alcohol, very sparingly soluble in water, ether, or acidulous liquids, and slowly decomposed by alkaline liquids. It contains about 77 per cent, of salicylic acid. It is used as an antirheu- matic, analgesic and antipyretic, acting much like aspirin THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 87 but more strongly diaphoretic. Dose, 5 to 15 grains several times daily, as powders or 5-grain tablets (so marketed). — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. DIASTIN is a brand of diastase, used chiefly in amyl- aceous dyspepsia in doses of 5 grains. — Mfrs.: Organic Chem. Co., Fort Washington, Pa. DIASTOID is "a pure, soluble, dry extract of malt, pos- sessing well-characterized diastatic properties." — Mfrs.: Horlick's Malted Milk Co., Racine, Wis. DIATHESIN is the name applied to synthetically pre- pared (from carbolic acid and formaldehyde) saligenin (ortho-oxy-benzyl alcohol, C 7 H 8 2 ) which was formerly ob- tained from salicin by hydrolysis. It occurs as fine, white leaflets, slightly bitter in taste, soluble in about 15 parts of water and freely so in alcohol or ether. Mineral acids and alkalies decompose it. It is employed in place of the salicylates in rheumatism, tonsilitis, etc. Dose, iy 2 to 20 grains. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik Sulzbach, near Niirnberg, Germ.: agts.: C. BischofT, & Co., Inc., New York. D1ATUSSIN is a liquid preparation offered as a whoop- ing-cough remedy, employed in doses of 1 to 5 drops twice a day. Marketed also as tablets called solitussin, each of which contains 1 drop of diatussin, and a syrup named tolutussin, a teaspoonful of which represents 1 drop of con- centrated diatussin.— Agts. : Ernst Bischoff & Co., New York. DIAZYME ESSENCE is said to contain the amylolytic enzyme of the pancreas devoid of trypsin and lipase, in a menstruum containing 18% per cent, of alcohol by vol- ume. It is an amber-colored liquid of aromatic odor and taste and slightly acid reaction. It is used as a starch- digestant to compensate for deficient salivary and pan- creatic action. Dose, 1 to 2 fluid drams. Diazme glycerole is a similar preparation, but the menstruum is 60 per cent, glycerin; action and dose, same as of the essence. — Mfrs.: Fairchild Bros. & Foster, New York. DIBROMCINNAMIC ACID ETHYL ESTER.— See ze- bromal. DIDYMIN is a trade name applied to the dried and powdered fat-free testicular substance of the bull. It is marketed as tablets each representing 5 grains of the fresh organ and constituting the dose. It is used as an aphro- disiac. — Mfrs.: Burroughs, Wellcome & Co., London (Eng.) and New York. DIDYMIUM SALICYLATE is referred to under its trade name dymal. DIETHYLAMIDE VALERIANATE is valyl. DIETHYLENEDIAMINE is the chemical designation for piperazine. DIETHYLGLYCOCOLL-GUAIACOL HYDROCHLORIDE is the chemical name of gujasanol; see the latter. DIETHYL-KETONE, also known as proprione, metace- 88 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA tone, and ethyl-propionyl, is obtained from the distillation of sugar with an excess of lime. It forms a thin, colorless, light liquid, smelling like acetone, and freely soluble in alcohol or ether, less readily so in water. It is used as a hypnotic and sedative in doses of 10 to 40 minims. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. DIETHYL-MALONYL-UREA is better known as vero- nal, which see DIETHYJLOXYACETYLUREA, C 13 H 24 N 2 5 , is a new hyp- notic introduced toy Dr. E. M. Houghton, of Detroit, Mich. It occurs as a clear, transparent, oily liquid, of the spe- cific gravity 1.111, with a characteristic ethereal odor and taste. It is soluble in about 20 parts of water, and sol- uble also in alcohol, ether and chloroform. Its sodium salt forms beautiful flake-like crystals which are very sol- uble in water and have a mild, peculiar taste. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. DIETHYL-SULPHONE-METHYL-METHANE and DI- ETHYL-SULPHONE-METHYL-ETHYLMETHANE are the chemical appellations for sulfonal and trional respectively, now official under the names sulphonmethane and sulphon- ethylm ethane. DIFLUORDIPHENYL, F.C G H 4 .C 6 H 4 .F, is a diphenyl in which one atom of H of each C 6 H 5 group of the carbohy- drate has been replaced by an atom of fluorine. It occurs as a white, crystalline powder, of pleasant aromatic odor. It is used as a siccative and antispasmodic. (See also anti- tussin.) — Mfrs.: Valfentiner & Schwarz, Leipsic-Plagwitz, Germ.; agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. DIGALEN (Cloetta's soluble digitoxin) is a standard- ized digitalis preparation, not made direct from the leaves or seeds but consisting fundamentally of the soluble amor- phous form of digitoxin (Cloetta's) incorporated into (1) a clear, colorless, sterile aqueous solution in the proportion of 1/222 grain (equivalent to 2% grains of digitalis leaves) to every 16 minims, and (2) taolets each containing 1/444 grain. It is used by mouth, intravenously, or by intramus- cular injection, and is said to be quickly absorbed and eliminated. Dose, 8 to 16 minims or 1 to 2 tablets. — Mfrs.: Hoffmann-La Roche Chem. Works, Basle (Switz.) and New York. DIGESTIN is a Japanese digestive ferment prepared from the okazaki fungus. It occurs as a fine, yellow pow- der, and is said to act alike upon milk, fibrin and starch and in acid as well as in alkaline or neutral solutions. DIGIPOTEN is a physiologically standardized pulveru- lent preparation of digitalis, each grain of which is equiva- lent to 9 minims of digitalis tincture and to 1/11 grain of digitalin. Marketed also as %-grain tablets. — Mfrs.: Ab- bott Alkaloidal Co., Chicago, 111. DIGIPURATUM is a purified extract of digitalis, said to contain 0.4 per cent, of digitoxin and 4 per cent, of THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 89 digitalin in the form of a tannoid. It is standardized biologically by the method of Gottlieb. It is claimed that 85 per cent, of the inactive substances found in the or- dinary extract have been removed and that it is free from digitonin and other gastric irritants. Digipuratum is a greenish-yellow, odorless, bitter powder. Its action, dose and uses are the same as digitalis, but it is claimed that it is less liable to disturb the stomach, and on account of its exact dosage cumulative effects can be more easily avoided than with the ordinary digitalis preparations. Marketed as powder, l^-grain tablets, and sterilized solu- tion in 1 c.c. ampuls. Mfrs.: Knoll & Co., Ludwigshafen- on-Rh. (Germ.) and New York. DIGISTROPHAN is the name applied to tablets claimed to contain all the active principles of digitalis leaves and strophanthus seed. They are obtained by evaporating the fluidextracts to dryness in vacuo, with the addition of milk sugar. Each tablet represents 0.1 Gm. (iy 2 grains) of digitalis and 0.05 Gm. (% grain) of strophanthus. Dig- istrophan diuretic No. 1 contains per tablet 0.1 Gm. (1^ grains) of digitalis, 0.05 Gm. (% grain) of strophanthus and 0.2 Gm. (3 grains) of sodium acetate; and digistro- phan diuretic No. II contains per tablet 0.1 Gm. (1% grains) of digitalis, 0.05 Gm. (% grain) of strophanthus, 0.2 Gm. (3 grains) of sodium acetate and 0.15 Gm. (2% grains) of caffeine. Uses: as # a heart tonic. — Mfrs.: Goe- decke & Co., Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. DIGITAFERM is a synonym of digitalis Winckel. DIGITAL is "a normal dialysate of fresh digitalis leaves, physiologically standardized so that 1 Gm. corre- sponds to 1 milligram of active principles or 0.1 Gm. of digitalis/' Dose, 10 to 20 drops. — Mfrs.: La Zyma, St. Lud- wig, Germ. DIGITALIN is a drug about which considerable confu- sion exists among pharmacists as well as physicians. Four different digitalins are known: (1) Digitalin French amorphous, also designated as "digitaline chloroformique" or "Homoile's amorphous digitalin," a yellowish powder soluble in chloroform or alcohol, but insoluble in water and given in doses of 1/250 grain rapidly increased until 1/40 grain is taken daily; (2) Nativelle's crystalline dig- italin, which is practically identical with digitoxin and hence employed in the same closes; (3) digitalin Kiliani or so-called "digitalinum verum," a water-insoluble prod- uct administered in doses of 1/30 to 1/10 grain several times daily gradually increased to Vq grain; and (4) digi- talin German, a yellowish-white powder soluble (though incompletely) in water or alcohol and almost insoluble in chloroform. It appears to be practically the only digitalin known to American physicians, probably because it has repeatedly been referred to during the past few years in the American medical press. As regards the dose of this 90 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A digitalin, this was former.ly stated to be from 1/64 to 1/32 grain several times a day. Some years ago, however, Dr. Henry Beates, Jr., of Philadelphia, made a thorough clin- ical investigation of German digitalin and arrived at the conclusion that the proper dosage is 1/10 to % grain three or four times daily, and latterly he has given as much a3 1 grain at a dose. The so-called "digitalin crystallized" is in reality digitin and identical with crystalline digito- nin, and thus lacks the specific cardiac action of digitalis. — Mfrs,: French, Nativelle's and German, E. Merck, Darm- stadt; Kiliani, C. F. Boehringer & Soehne, Mannheim, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., for all. DIGITALONE is a non-alcoholic liquid, 10 parts repre- senting 1 part of the crude drug, and containing about 0.6 per cent, of chloretone as a preservative. Dose. 5 to 30 minims, subcutaneously or internally. Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. DIGITALIS BLOMBERG is a concentrated infusion of digitalis. DIGITALIS WINCKEL fcorvalt; cligitaferm) is de- scribed as representing "digitalis leaves free from the enzymes and decomposition-products present in ordinary digitalis leaves and due to presence of these enzymes, standardized and stable." Marketed only in %-grain tab- lets. — Mfrs.: Krewel & Co., Cologne, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. DIGITALYSATUM is a standardized preparation of fresh digitalis leaves, each gram of which represents a gram of fresh or 0.2 gram of dried digitalis leaves. It is employed in doses of 15 to 20 drops three times daily. — Mfr.: J. Burger, Wernigerode, Germ.; agts.: Ernst Bisch- off & Co., New York. DIGITOL is a trade name applied to fat-free tincture of digitalis of the same drug strength as the official tinc- ture.— Mfrs.: H. K. Mulford Co., Philadelphia, Pa, DIGITONIN (crystallized digitalin Merck, or digitin) is separated from German digitalin of which it is a com- ponent, and occurs as colorless needles which dissolve in about 600 parts of water and 50 parts of 50 per cent, alco- hol. It is not absorbed and is without action on the heart when taken by the mouth, and when introduced into the circulation it acts as a cardiac depressant. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. DIGITOXIN, C 28 H 46 O 10 , is the most active glucoside of digitalis. It occurs as a white, crystalline powder, almost insoluble in water or ether but soluble in alcohol or chloro- form. It has been recommended as a heart tonic of uni- form activity owing to its well-defined chemical nature. Dose, 1/250 to 1/60 grain. Incompatible with acids and vegetable infusions. Antidotes: tannin, then emetics; ni- troglycerin, morphine, alcoholic stimulants or camphor. — ( Nonproprietary. ) DIGITOXIN SOLUBLE.— See digalen. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 91 DIGITYL is described as "a titrated extract of digitalis, of uniform action in winter and in summer." It is pre- pared by exhausting digitalis leaves with steam under high pressure, and appears to be a concentrated infusion of digitalis to which tincture of valerian and spirit of pep- permint are added. as corrigents. Dose. 20 to 30 drops. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik Telius, Berlin, Germ. DIGUAIACOL is the base name latterly applied to methylene-diguaiacol, which see. DIIODOBETA-NAPHTOL, C i0 H 6 I 2 O, a yellowish-green powder of faint iodine odor and readily soluble in chloro- form, was introduced a few years ago as a substitute for iodoform; it is known also as "naphtol-aristol." DIIODO-CARBAZOLE, C 12 H 6 I 2 .NH, results from the ac- tion of iodine upon diphenylimide (carbazole). It forms yellow, odorless leaflets, insoluble in water but soluble in ether. It is intended as a substitute for iodoform as a wound antiseptic. DIIODO-DITHMOL is a chemical snyonym of aristol, now official as thymol iodide. DIIODOFORM, chemically ethylene per- or tetraiodide. or iodoethylene, C 2 I 4 , occurs as yellow needles, odorless when first made but assuming a characteristic odor on exposure to light, soluble in chloroform, slightly so in al- cohol or ether, and insoluble in water. It was introduced in France as a substitute for iodoform; it contains 95 per cent, of iodine. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. DIIODO-PARA-PHENOLSULPHONIC ACID.— See sozo- iodole. DIJOZOL-MERCURY, DIJOZOL-POTASSIUM and DIJO- ZOL-SODIUM are analogues of and succedanea for the re- spective sozoiodole salts, marketed by a Berlin firm. DIMETHYL3ENZENE — See xylene. DIMETHYL-ETHYL-CARBINOL is better known as amylene hydrate. DIMETHYLETHYLCARBINOL-CHLORAL. — See dor- miol. DIMETHOXYMETHYLDIHYDROISOQUINOLINE HY- DROCHLORIDE.— See lodal. DIMETHYLOXYQUINIZINE is a chemical name for antipyrin. DIMETHYL-XANTHINE is theobromine. DIOMORPHINE (Briiggelmann's solution) is a 10-per cent, solution of dionin with 1 per cent, of morphine hydro- chloride, which he injects hypodermically during parox- ysms of asthma. Dose, 5 to 10 drops. Another diomor- phine is described as a coca preparation containing atro- pine, cocaine, glycerin and an acid and used as an inhala- tion spray in paroxysms of asthma. Mfr.: Askanische Apctheke, Berlin, Germ. DIONIN (ethyl-morphine hydrochloride), C 1T H 17 NO(OH)- (OC 2 H 5 ).HCl-f-H 2 0, is prepared from morphine analogously 92 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA to codeine (methyl-morphine). It occurs as a white, bit- ter, odorless powder, soluble in about 7 parts of water, iy 2 alcohol, or 20 syrup, but insoluble in ether or chloroform. It is used chiefly as a substitute for morphine, but also top- ically as an ocular lymphagogue. Dose, % to 1 grain. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. DIORADIN is defined as "a radio-active preparation of menthol, iodine and radium-barium chloride. " It is used subcutaneously in tuberculosis. Dose, 1 Cc. daily or every other day. Marketed in 1 cc. ampuls. — Mfrs.: Dioradin Co., New York. DIOXOGEN is a trade name for a stable brand of 12.5- volume hydrogen peroxide solution. — Oakland Chem. Co., New York. DIOXYBENZENE (-benzol), META-, is resorcin; PARA-, hydroquinone; and ORTHO-, pyrocatechin. DIOXYDIAMINOARSENOBENZOL.— See salvarsan. DIOXYPLUORAN.— See fluorescein. DIPHTHERIA ANTITOXIN.— See antitoxin, diphtheria. DIPLOSAL is the trade name applied to salicylo-sali- cylic acid or salicyclic acid ester of salicylic acid, OH.C a - H4.COO.C 6 H 4 .COOH. It occurs as colorless, odorless, bit- ted needles, soluble in alcohol and ether, and insoluble in water. It is put forward as a substitute for salicylic acid, and claimed to be free from untoward effects. Dose, 10 to 15 grains several times daily. — Mfrs.: Boehringer & Soehne, Mannheim, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. DIQUININE CARBONIC ESTER or ETHER is better known as aristochin. DISODIUM METHYLARSENATE, or sodium methyl- arsenate, OAsCH 3 2 Na 2 -}-5HO, results from the action of methyl iodide upon sodium arsenate in the presence of an excess of alkali. It forms colorless, efflorescent crystals of alkaline reaction and taste, readily soluble in water, sparingly so in alcohol, and insoluble in ether or oil. It is used as a substitute for the inorganic compounds of ar- senic in tuberculosis, skin diseases, etc. Dose, % to 1 grain. The drug is also known by various trade names such as arrhenal, neo-arsycodile, arsynal, stenosine, etc. — (Nonproprietary. ) DISOTRIN is said to represent the active principles of digitalis and strophanthus. It is used as a cardiac stimu- lant. Marketed as liquid, tablets and sterilized solution for intramuscular or intravenous injection. — Mfrs.: Fauth & Cie, Mannheim, Germ. DI SPERMINE is synonymous with piper azine. DISPNON TABLETS each contain 0.25 gram of diuretin, 0.1 gram of agurin and 0.1 gram of extract of quebracho. They are employed in asthmatic affections. Dose, 2 tab- lets three or four times daily. — M*frs.: Apotheke zur Aus- tria, Vienna, Austria. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 93 DITHAN is a brand name for the official sulphonethyl- methane ( "trional" ) . DITHYMOL DIIODIDE is synonymous with thymol iodide (official). DIURASE Tablets contain alkali carbonates (68.6 per cent.) glycocoll (17.15 per cent.) and terpin hydrate (14.25 per cent.), and are used as a diuretic. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik Ebenau, Munich, Germ. DIURAZIN is defined as theobromine acetyl-mtthyl- ene-disalicylate. It is brought forward as a diuretic. Dose, 10 to 20 grains . See caution under formaldehyde. — Mfrs.: Organic Chem. Co., Fort Washington, Pa. DIURETIN is a brand of theobromine-sodium and sodium salicylate or theobromine and sodium salicylate, as it is more commonly called; see this. — Mfrs.: Knoll & Co., Ludwigshafen-on-Rh. (Germ.) and New York. DIUROL is Mulford's compound elixir serenoa, a liquid diuretic and urinary anticatarrhal, each fluidounce of which contains of buchu, triticum, saw palmetto, hydran- gea and pichi each 16 grains, hyoscyamus 2 grains, lithium benzoate 4 grains and potassium bicarbonate 8 grains. Dose, dessertspoonful to tablespoonful three or four times a day. Mfr.: H. K. Mulford Co., Philadelphia, Pa. DOLOMOL is a trade name of magnesium stearate (tal- cum). It is marketed in various combinations, for exam- ple: dolomol-acetanilid; dolomol-ichthyol, etc. The differ- ent combinations are all for dermatological and surgical use. — Mfr.: Pulvola Chem. Co., Jersey City, N. J. DOLONEPHRAN is a dental and surgical anesthetic con- taining alypin (a local anesthetic), and suprarenin (brand of the vasoconstrictive principle of the suprarenal cap- sule). — Mfrs.: Chem. Institute, Berlin, Germ. DORMIOL is chemically amylene-chloral or dimethyl- ethyl-carbinol-chloral CCl 3 CHOH.O(CH 3 ) 2 C.C 2 H 5 , a color- less, oily liquid, of the specific gravity i.24, pungent, cam- phoraceous odor and cooling taste; soluble very slowly but freely in hot water, miscible in all proportions in alcohol, ether, chloroform or fatty oils. It is prescribed as a hypnotic in doses of 8 to 30 minims, in water or cap- sules. Marketed as 50-per-cent. aqueous solution and as 0.5 gram capsules. — Mfrs.: Kalle & Co., Biebrich, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. DORMONAL is a brand name for diethylbarbituric acid (veronal). DULCINOL. is said to be a mixture of mannite with a small quantity of salt, the latter being employed for the purpose of imparting a pleasant tatste. It is marketed as dulcinol-chocolate, containing only about 9 per cent, of carbohydrates, the mixture bein^ recommended as a sweet- ener in place of sugar for diabetic patients. — Mfrs.: Riedel & Co., Berlin (Germ.) and New York. DURALCOL is the collective name applied to mull bandages with solid alcohol, solid opodeldoc, 5 per cent. 94 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA ichthyol, etc., which are intended to replace inunctions or embrocations. A piece of sufficient size is applied over the affected part, covered with guttapercha tissue or other impervious material and kept in place by a suitable band- age. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik "Helfenberg," Helfenberg, Germ.; agts.: Reinschild Chem. Co., New York. DURANA is a collective name for gutta percha plaster mulls prepared according to Unna's principles by Drs. Degen and Kuth, of Diiren, Germ. DUROFORM is a formaldehyde preparation exploited as an application for excessive perspiration. — Mfr.: H. Ascher, Mannheim, Germ. DYMAL is essentially didymium salicylate, its chemical formula being DiLaCe 2 (C 6 H 4 OH.COO) 6 ! a fine odorless pinkish-white, insoluble powder, introduced by Prof. Kopp as a siccative wound antiseptic, to be employed pure or as 10-per-cent. dusting-powder or ointment. It is a by-product in the manufacture of incandescent mantles. A veterinary grade is also marketed. — Mfrs.: Zimmer & Co., Frankfort- on-M., Germ.; agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. DUOTAL is a trade name for guaiacol carbonate, as sold in this country by the Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld Co. and by Schering & Glatz, both of New York. DUOTONOL is a mixture of calcium and sodium glycero- phosphates ("tonols") in equal proportions, a white, gran- ular powder, freely soluble in water. It is used as a nerve tonic. Dose, 5 to 10 grains three times daily. — Mfr.: E. Schering, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. DYSPEPTINE, according to Dr. Hepp, is "natural gas- tric juice of healthy pigs, rendered sterile without addi- tion of foreign substances and preserved in sterilized flasks." Dose, 1 to 3 tablespoonfuls after meals, in dys- pepsia. — Mfr.: H. Derenburg, Frankfort-on-M., Germ. DYSPNON Tablets contain hexamethylenamine, agurin and extract quebracho, and are used chiefly as a prophyl- acic in angina pectoris. ECHAFOLTA is defined as a purified, nearly colorless echinacea for surgical use, but it is used also internally as an alterative and systemic antiseptic. Dose, 2 to 5 min- ims; applied externally in 8 to 25-per-cent. strength. — Mfrs.: Lloyd Bros., Cincinnati, O. E ECHINACEA ANGUSTIFOLIA is one of the "specific medicines," each fluid ounce of which represents 480 grains of the drug. It is prescribed, as an alterative and antiseptic. Dose, 5 to 60 minims every one to four hours; applied externally in 10 to 25 per cent, dilution. — Mfrs.: Lloyd Bros., Cincinnati, O. ECHINOL is a concentrated fluid extract of fresh echi- THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 95 nacea angustifolia, each minim of which is said to repre- sent 10 grains of the drug. It is used as an alterative. Dose, 1 to 2 minims. — Mfrs.: Wm. S. Merrell Chem. Co., Cincinnati, O. EGMOL is an egg emulsion of olive oil containing 40 per cent, of the latter. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., De- troit, Mich. EHRLICH'S NEW REMEDY FOR SYPHILIS, "606," is described under its trade name, salvarsan. EHRLICH'S 914.— See neosalvarsan. EIGONS are a group of bromine and iodine compounds of albumin. Iodo-eigon, also known as "alpha-eigon," oc- curs as a light-brown, odorless and tatsteless powder, con- taining 20 per cent, of iodine in chemical combination, and insoluble in water; it is used like iodoform externally. Pepto-iodo-eigon, also known as "beta-eigon," is a yel- lowish, odorless, nearly tasteless powder, containing 15 per cent, of iodine and soluble in water; it is intended as a substitute for the alkali iodides internally and is given in similar doses. Iodo-eigon-sodium or sodium iodo- albuminate, is a yellowish, odorless, almost tasteless powder, containing 15 per cent, of iodine, and completely soluble in water, diluted alkalies or acids; it, too, was in- tended for internal use but has latterly been abandoned in favor of pepto-iodo-eigon. Urom-eigon is a compound of bromine with albumin, containing 11 per cent, of bro- mine; a whitish, almost odorless and tasteless powder, insoluble in water. It was employed chiefly as a dusting- powder in ozena and other catarrhs, and internally as a succedaneum for the alkali bromides; but it has latterly been practically superseded by pepto-brom-eigon, a whit- ish, faintly acid powder of peptone-like odor, soluble in water, and containing 11 per cent, of bromine. Dose, same as potassium bromide. Eigon soap contains 5 per cent, of eigon and is employed in eczema, erythema and other skin diseases. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik "Helfenberg," Helfenberg, Germ.; agts.: Reinschild Chem. Co., New York. EKA-IODOFORM is powdered iodoform sterilized and kept serile with 0.05 per cent, of paraformaldehyde. It is used as a vulnerary. — Mfr.: E. Schering, Berlin, Germ.; Schering & Glatz, New York. EKTOGAN is a yellowish-white, odorless, tasteless pow- der, insoluble in water; it is essentially impure zinc per- oxide (Zn0 2 ), giving off O on contact with wound secre- tions and hence recommended as an antiseptic applied pure or as an ointment. It is also used for preparing H 2 2 . It should be kept in glass-stoppered bottles. — Mfrs.: Kirch- hoff & Neirath, Berlin, Germ. ELAN COTTON is absorbent cotton treated with tincture of capsicum. It is recommended as a rubefacient in place of capsicum plaster. — Mfr. : Geo. Hanning, Hamburg, Germ. ELBON is the fanciful trade name for the chemical tin- namoylparaoxyphenylurea, a new cinnamic acid prepara- 96 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIOA tion used in the treatment of tuberculosis fever. Marketed only in 15-grain tablets. — Mfrs.: Gesellschaft fur Chem. In- dustrie, Basle, Switz.; agts.: A. Klippstein & Co., New York. ELECTRARGOL. is an isotonic sterile solution of electric colloidal silver, intended for intramuscular injection in in- fectitious diseases, analogously to collargol. Marketed in 5 and 10 c.c. ampuls. A surgical modification is offered in bottles of 50 and 100 c.c, and a collyrial preparation in special bottles furnished with a graduated dropping tube. — Mfrs: — Clin Laboratories, Paris, France; agts.: E. Fougera 6 Co., New York. ELECTRAUROL, ELECTROPLATINGL, and ELECTRG- PALLADiOL, are isotonic sterile solutions respectively of electric colloidal gold, patinum and palladium, employed by intramuscular injection in infectious diseases, septi- cemia, etc. — Mfrs.: as preceding. ELEPTIN is another name for epileptin. ELYTRONES are antiseptic, astringent vaginal suppos- itories containing boroglyceride, hydrastine, thymoline, zinc sulphocarbolate and acetanilid. Formula B contains ishthyol in addition. — Mfrs.: Wm. S. Merrell Chem. Co., Cincinnati, O. EMBARIN is described as a 6% per cent, solution of so- dium mercurisalicylsulphonate, representing 3 per cent, of metallic mercury and containing also % per cent, of acoin as a local anesthetic. It is used hypodermically in syphilis. Dose, per injection, 20 minims. Marketed in ampoules holding 1.3 Cc. — Mfrs.: Hey den Chem. Works, Radebeul, Dresden (Germ.) and New York. EMBROCINUM xMERCURIALE consists of 33 y s per cent, of mercury and 66% per cent, of a mixture of ben- zoinated lard and i sap. It is employed as a local anti- syphilitic. EMETINE (alkaloid) of the market is not a simple chemical, but the total alkaloid* of ipecac, consisting, ac- cording to Dr. Paul, of emetine proper and cephaeline. The emetic dose is 1/12 to % grain; the expectorant, 1/60 to 1/30 grain several times daily. Emetine hydrochloride (Paul), C 1B H 31 N0 2 .HC1, is a white powder, soluble in water or alcohol, and sensitive to light. It is used mostly as an expectorant, 1/12 to % grain per dose. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. EMODIN (trihydroxymethyl-anthraquinone), C u H 4 2 .CH s - (OH) 3 , is a reddish-yellow powder, soluble in alcohol and alkalies but insoluble in water. It acts as a cathartic in the dose of iy 2 grains, best given in pills. It is the purga- tive principle of rhubarb and many other drugs. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. EMOL is a flesh-colored kind of stearite (a natural mag- nesium silicate chemically close to talcum) found in Eng- land, used as a vulnerary usually in the following com- bination: emol 7 grams, zinc oxide 3.5 grams, lanolin 15 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIOA 97 grams, petrolatum 15 grams, glycerin 10 drops, and solu- tion of lead subacetate 10 drops. EMOLLIENTINE is not an emollient, but an antiseptic and astringent ointment, consisting of aluminum hydrate, carbolic acid, isarol (ichthyol), lead oxide, corrosive sub- limate, zinc oxide, and the base. It is used in eczema, osoriasis. favus. pruritus and other skin diseases. — Mfrs.: Parke. Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. EMPYROFORM is a condensation product of birch tar and formaldehyde: a dark grayish-brown, almost odorless nowder, insoluble in water but soluble in chlorofrm. It is intended for use in place of tar in skin diseases, in 1 to 20 per cent, ointments, paints or liniments. An empyroform soap is also made, 5 per cent, and 10 per cent. — Mfr.: E. Schering, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. EMULGATES is the generic name applied to solid emul- sions — triturations of oils, oleoresin of male fern, and other fluid drugs, with roborat. The products contain 50 per cent, of roborat and 50 per cent, of the fluid medica- ment. — Mfr.: Dr. Leopold Sarason. Berlin. Germ. ENDOMENTOL is a 0.1 per cent, ointment of nicotine salicylate, recommended in scabies, and apparently similar to eudermol. ENDOTIN ftuoerculinum purum) is described as "the isolated active principle of Koch's old tuberculin, freed from the worthless impurities which cause toxic re- actions." It is supplied in four series each of seven am- poules, constituting a course of about twenty-eight injec- tions. — Mfrs.: Tuberculin Society of St. Petersburg, Rus- sia: aerts.: Morgenstern & Co., New York. ENEMOSE is a nutrient designed especially for colonic alimentation. It is stated to be a sterile liquid containing the nitrogenous substances of beef and wheat and the carbohydrates from wheat, in a non-coagulable and assimi- lable form. It is free from fat, sugar, or alcohol, and con- tains 1:1000 of salicylic acid as a preservative. Dose, 1 fluidounce. diluted with 3 fluidounces of water, per injec- tion. Marketed only in ounce vials, which should not be opened until required for use. — Mfrs.: Fairchild Bros. & Foster, New York. ENESOL is defined as mercury salicyT-arsinate, obtained by the action of 1 molecule of methylarsinic acid on 1 molecule of basic mercury salicylate. It occurs as a white powder, soluble in about 25 parts of water, yielding solu- tions that do not give the usual reactions of arsenic or of mercury. It contains 38.46 per cent, of mercurv and 14.4 per cent, of arsenic, and was introduced by Dr. Goignet for hypodermic use in syphilis. Dose, 2 c.c. of a 3-per-cent. solution. Marketed in ampoules holding 2 c.c. of this solu- tion. — Mfrs.: Clin & Co., Paris, France; agts.: E. Fougera & Co., New York. ENNAN is a solid cresol no&p containing 50 per cent, of 98 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA cresol. It is marketed in tablets which are employed in solution as a surgical antiseptic and deodorant. Each tablet contains 0.5 gram of cresol. — Mfr.: F. Kiimmel, Melsungen, Germ. ENTEROPHOR is a plaster bandage prepared at the instigation of Dr. A. Rose, of New York, and used to support the stomach in gastroptosis and as an abdominal supporter during pregnancy. — Mfrs.: P. Beiersdorf & Co., Hamburg; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. ENTEROROSE is a dietetic recommended in diarrheas and gastric diseases. It is said to consist of vegetable al- bumin impregnated with a meat solution and containing diastase, and occurs as a yellowish powder that mixes well with water. — Mfrs.: Gesellschaft fur diat. Praparate, Zu- rich, Switzerland. ENTEROSEPTYL is defined as oetatrinaphthyl phos- phate, PO(C 10 H 7 O) 3 . It is insoluble in dilute acids and gastric juice but soluble in dilute alkalies. It is employed as an internal antiseptic. ENZYMOL is a "glycerino-aqueous acid extract prepared directly from the mucous membrane of the fresh animal stomach, free from alcohol but containing a trace of thy- mol and having an acidity equivalent to about 0.3 per cent, of hydrochloric acid loosely bound to proteid. It contains about 25 per cent, of glycerin." Enzymol is a light straw- colored liquid, and is employed as a topical solvent of pathologic tissue, and is said to have no proteolytic action on healthy, living tissue. It is used as an application to purulent and necrotic surfaces. It is made ready for use by the addition of % to 2 volumes of water or acidulated water. — Mfrs.: Fairchild Bros. & Foster, New York. EOSINE-SELENIUM is a red, very toxic powder readily soluble in water and used experimentally so far by Dr. Wassermann only on animals, as a remedy for cancer. EOSOL is a solution described as containing 50 per cent of the isomeric cresols — thus apparently analogous to the official compound solution of cresol. — Mfrs.: V. E. Perry- man & Co., Atlanta, Ga. EOSOL ATE S are "a series of sulpho-acid salts of the aliphatic creosote esters," introduced by Dr. G. Wendt, of Berlin, and made by Berliner Capsules-Fabrik, Berlin, Germ. See calcium eosolate, quinine eosolate and silver eosolate. EOSOTE is the name applied to the so-called creosote valerate; a yellowish, oily liquid, of smoky-aromatic taste and odor; insoluble in water, readily soluble in alcohol or ether. It is used chiefly in phthisis, but to a limited extent also as a gastro-intestinal disinfectant. Dose, 3 to 10 min- ims three times a day, in capsules (0.2 gram), or in milk or alcoholic solution. — Mfrs.: Berliner Capsules-Fabrik, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: General Drug Co., New York. EPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE, C 10 H 15 NO.HC1, is the salt of the alkaloid of ephedra vulgaris; white needles, THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 99 readily soluble in water or alcohol, and employed in 10- per-cent. solution as a mydriatic (1 or 2 drops per instil- lation). — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. EPHENIC ELIXIR is a liquid antipyretic, analgesic and nerve sedative, each fluid dram of which contains acet- phenetidin 3% grains, sodium bicarbonate 1 grain, sodium bromide 1 grain, and caffeine % grain. Dose, 1 to 2 tea- spoonfuls. — Mfr.: Wm. S. Merrell Chem. Co., Cincinnati, O. EPICAINE is a solution containing cocaine hydrochlo- ride and epinine, marketed also as tabloid ophthalmic epicaine. — Mfrs.: Burroughs, Wellcome & Co., London (Eng.) and New York. EPICARIN is the trade name applied to beta-cxynaphtyl- ortho-oxy-meta-toluylic acid, (C 18 H 14 4 ). The drug forms yellowish needles soluble in alcohol, ether, petrolatum or olive oil; insoluble in water, slightly soluble in chloroform. It is employed in parasitic skin diseases (scabies, herpes tonsurans, etc.), chiefly in ointments (15 to 20 per cent.), 10 per cent, solutions made with sodium carbonate, and in 10 to 15 per cent, alcoholic solutions. Solutions in other oils than olive, or in petrolatum and lanolin, can be made with the addition of a little ether. Veterinary epicarin is an impure grade intended for veterinary practice; a reddish-brown powder, used the same way as the medicinal quality. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. EPINEPHRINE (dihydroxymethylaminoethylbenzene), C a H 3 (OH) 2 (CHOH.CH 2 NHCH 3 ), is a substance with feeble basic properties, obtained from the suprarenal gland of the sheep or other animal, or synthetically. It is easily soluble in acids, forming salts, of which the hydrochloride is readily soluble in water. Its incompatibles are the same as those of alkaloids. Epinephrine causes constric- tion of the blood vessels with consequent high rise of blood pressure; a stimulation of the vagus center with slowing of the heart; and a direct stimulation and toning of the heart similarly to digitalis. The effect of a single dose is very fleeting. The effects are seen on local ap- plication and intravenous and intramuscular injection. Dilute watery solutions of its salts rapidly lose their strength, the deterioration being accompanied by a red- dish or brownish discoloration. It is used in the form of a solution of its hydrochloride, regularly marketed in 1:1000 strength. Dose, 5 to 20 minims of the latter solu- tion every two or three hours; hypodermically, 3 to 15 minims. Locally the hydrochloride is used in solution varying in strength from 1:15000 to 1:1000 for ordinary applications; in oily solution for sprays; in ointment for application to mucous membranes. The article is mar- keted under the trade name adrenalin; the U. S. Circuit Court of appeals has sustained the patents on the latter article, which would appear to mean that adnephrin, adrin t 100 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA paranephrin, suprarenaline, suprarenine, etc., can no longer be marketed in this country. EPININE is a synthetic substance ( dihydr vxy phenyl- ethylmethylamine) closely allied in chemical constitution to, and having the properties of, the suprarenal active principle. Marketed as vaporole epinine in 1-c.c. ampoules, as tabloid ophthalmic epinine, and as a 1-per-cent. solution in 10-c.c. and 25-c.c. vials. — Mfrs.: Burroughs, Wellcome & Co., London (Eng.) and New York. EPIRENAN is a German brand of 1:1000 solution of epinephrine. — Mfr.: Dr. Heinr. Byk, Berlin, Germ. EPISAN (Berensdorf) is an antiepileptic "containing zinc oxide, potassium bromide, borax, magnesium oxide, and small quantities of aluminum hydroxide and potas- sium salts." ERGAMINE is another trade name for beta-imido-azolyl- ethylamine, described under imido. EREPTON is a nutrient "prepared by allowing pepsin, hydrochloric acid, trypsin and erepsin to act upon the best fat- and tendon-free meat; the end product is then desiccated in an appropriate manner." It occurs as a brownish, hygroscopic powder which is easily soluble in water and has an odor and taste suggestive of meat ex- tract. It is used mainly during disease, by rectal injec- tion, 20 grams at a dose. — Agts.: V. Koechl & Co., New York. ERGONE is a liquid preparation of ergot for internal or hypodermic use; 1 c.c. is said to represent 1 gram of ergot. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. ERGOTIN BLOMBERG appears to be a concentrated infusion of fresh ergot, from which the inorganic acids have been removed and glycerin added as a preservative. ERGOTINA STYPTICA (Egger) is, according to L. Hajos, a fluid extract of ergot containing 5 per cent, of stypticin and recommended in disturbed cerebral circula- tion and in neuroses accompanying or following menstrual disturbances. Dose, 10 to 15 drops. ERGOTININE CITRATE is a salt of a crystalline alka- loid derived from ergot. It is a grayish-white amorphous powder, easily soluble in water. It is intended for hypo- dermic use in place of the ordinary ergot preparations; given per os it has but little activity. It is -employed mainly in the treatment of uterine hemorrhage and con- gestive headaches. Dose, 1/200 to 1/100 grain per injec- tion. Marketed as tablets, each containing 1/200 grain. — Mfrs.: Burroughs, Wellcome & Co., London and New York. ERGOTINOL is a hydrolyzed, dialyzed fluid extract of ergot, 1 c.c. of which is said to equal 0.5 gram of extract of ergot Ph. G. V. Dose, 3 to 10 minims.— Mfr. : Dr. A. Vosswinkel, Berlin, Germ. ERGOTOLE is a liquid preparation of ergot 2y 2 times as strong as the U. S. P. fluid extract and used chiefly THE MODEEN MATERIA MEDICA 101 hypodermically. Dose, 5 to 20 minims. — Mfrs.: Sharp & Dohme, Baltimore, Md. ERGOTOXINE CITRATE and HYDROCHLORIDE are now regarded as identical with cornutine citrate and hy- drochloride, respectively. They are prescribed as hemo- statics and oxytocics in obstetrical practice; also in sper- matorrhea. See cornutine citrate. — (Nonproprietary.) ERICIN is stated to be identical with mesotan, which see. ERNUTIN is "a preparation containing the active thera- peutic principles of ergot, namely, the alkaloid ergotoxine and the organic base para-hydroxyphenylethylaniine, in definite amount, and free from the paralytic and depressor principles associated with many ergot preparations. It occurs as a clear, pellucid liquid, pleasant and palatable for mouth administration, whilst its use hypodermically produces no irritation." It is used chiefly for the arrest of post-partum hemorrhage. Dose, by intramuscular in- jection (for rapid results), 5 to 10 minims, repeated in 20 minutes if required; by mouth, 30 to 60 minims every three hours after expulsion of the placenta. "Vaporole ernutin" is an ampoule of ernutin containing 10 minims. — Mfrs.: Burroughs, Wellcome & Co., London and New York. EROSAN is a syrup of potassium sulphoguaiacolate, con- taining ethyl-morphine hydrochloride 0.3 gram, potassium sulphoguaiacolate 10 grams, 30 grams distilled water, syrup 105 grams, and fluidextract orange-peel 5 grams. ERSEOL (Prunier) is described as being quinoline sul- phosalicylate, C 6 H 3 .S0 3 .H.OH.COOH:C 9 H 7 +H 2 0. It forms white, well-defined silky crystalline tufts, of acid reaction, and slightly soluble in cold, but very easily in warm, water, and also in slightly acidulated liquids. It is in- tended for use in rheumatism, neuralgia, and grippe, and it is marketed abroad in wafers each containing 0.25 gram. Dose, 2 to 4 wafers; for children, 1 wafer per day, at meal- time. — Agts.: E. Fougera & Co., New York. ERVASIN is acetyjparacresotinic acid, of the formula C 6 H 3 .CH 3 .0.CH 3 C0.C00H, and occurs as white, fine needles melting at 141° to 142° C, readily soluble in alcohol, ether or chloroform and sparingly soluble in water. It is used as an antipyretic, antineuralgic and antirheumatic, like aspirin. Dose, iy 2 to 15 grains. Marketed also as 0.5-gram tablets. — Mfrs.: Goedecke & Co., Leipsic, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. ERYTHROL TETRANITRATE (tetranitrol ; nitrated erythrol), C 4 H 6 (NO s ) 4 , forms colorless leaflets, easily sol- uble in alcohol but insoluble in water, and exploiding on percussion; hence marketed only as chocolate tablets (1^ grain), 1 or 2 of which every 4 to 6 hours constitute the dose. It is a vaso-dilator and antispasmodic like nitro- glycerin, but its action is slower and more lasting. It is thus used in angina pectoris, heart disease, etc. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. 102 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA ERYTHROPHLEINE HYDROCHLORIDE is the salt of the alkaloid of erythrophlosum guineense (sassy bark) ; a yellowish-white hygroscopic powder, soluble in water or alcohol, and employed as a local anesthetic (chiefly in eye diseases) in 1:2000 to 1:400 solutions and as a heart tonic (1/30 to 1/15 grain).— Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ESANOFELE is an antimalarial in pill form, consisting of quinine hydrochloride, iron citrate, arsenous acid, and a vegetable extract. — Mf rs. : Bisleri & Co., Milan, Italy. ESCALIN is a remedy used by Dr. Klemperer in place of the usual bismuth subnitrate for arresting gastro- intestinal hemorrhages and for cicatrizing gastric ulcers. It is a trituration of 2 parts of finely powdered aluminum with 1 part of glycerin, and is marketed as 0.25-gram pastilles. — Mfrs.: Ver. Chem. Werke, Charlottenburg, Germ.; agts.: V. Koechl & Co., New York. ESCORCIN (cescorcin), C 9 H 8 4 , is derived from esculetin, a cleavage product of esculin (from horse chestnut bark). It occurs as whitish, water-soluble crystals, and was rec- ommended by Dr. Frohlich for diagnosing corneal defects — 1 or 2 drops of a 10 to 20 per cent, aqueous solution in- stilled into the eye stains the lesions red. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ESCULIN (polychrome, esculinic acid, oicolorin, enalla- chrome) is a glucoside obtained from horse-chestnut bark (cesculus hippocastanum), occurring as white, bitter crys- tals, soluble in water, alcohol or chloroform. Its solu- tions, particularly in the presence of alkali, show a strong bluish fluorescence. It has been used for years as an anti- periodic in doses of 5 to 15 grains, but has more recently been suggested as an aid to the treatment of lupus by the Finsen rays. Five minims of a 5 per cent, aqueous solu- tion made with the aid of 2 or 3 per cent, of sodium car- bonate are injected beneath the skin of the part about to bt treated. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ESERIDINE, C 15 H 23 N 3 3 , is an alkaloid of calabar bean coexisting with eserine and calabarine. Its action is the same as that of eserine, but it is only one-sixth as power- ful. It has been used in the form of its tartrate by hypo- dermic injection in diseases of the stomach of cattle. Dose (veterinary), 5 grains. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ESERINE-PILOCARPINE is a simultaneously crystal- lized mixture of eserine salicylate and pilocarpine hydro- chloride (1:2), occurring as a white powder, soluble in water and alcohol, and used as an anodyne and cathartic in colic of horses (3 to 6 grains per dose by injection). — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ESTER-DARMASAN is a soft soap containing 10 per cent, of free salicylic acid besides 10 per cent, of salicylic THE MODERX MATERIA MEDICA 103 acid esters of phenyl and benzoyl radicles. It is used topically in rheumatic affections, 5 to 10 grams per in- unction. — Mfr.: Dr. Reiss, Berlin N., Germ. ESTON and FORMESTON are two aluminum com- pounds, the former being basic aluminum acetate, Al(OH)- (C 2 H 3 2 )o+aq; the latter, basic aluminum acetoformate, Al(OH) (HCOo) (C 2 H 8 2 )+aq[. They occur as fine, white powders, sparingly and slowly soluble in water, and per- manent in the air and in light. They have a faintly acidu- lous oaor. Under the influence of water or aqueous fluids (such as blood, pus, etc.) they gradually decompose into their components and manifest the astringent and anti- septic action characterizing solution of aluminum acetate, combined with the drying effect of a porous powder. They are employed chiefly as dusting-powders (generally of 10 to 50 per cent, strength, seldom undiluted). Peru-eston and peru-formeston have been marketed. These latter occur as dry powders containing 10 per cent, of balsam of peru with 40 per cent, of eston or formeston, respectively, and 50 per cent, of talc. See caution under formaldehyde. — Mfr.: Dr. A. Friedlander, Berlin, Germ. E8TORAL is defined as boric acid menthol ester ob- tained by the action of boron trichloride on menthol. The formula B(C 20 H 19 ) 3 has been assigned to it, and it occurs as a white, tasteless powder havin ga faint odor of menthol. It is practically insoluble in water and alcohol but dis- solves readily in chloroform and ether. It is offered as a remedy for use as a sumf in acute and chronic nasal catarrhs, and is supplied as a 50-per-cent. lactose tritura- tion under the name of estorin. — Mfrs.: Zimmer & Co., Frankfort-on-M., Germ.; agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. ETHACOL (cetliacol) is a trade name for monoethyl ether of pyrocatechin, better known as, and described here- in under, guethol. — Mfrs.: Kalle & Co., Biebrich-on-Rh., Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. ETHER, GLYCERINO-SALICYLIC, is referred to under glycosal. ETHER, HYDRIODIC, is the well-known ethyl iodide. ETHER, HYDROBROMIC, is ethyl bromide. ETHER, METHYL-DIIODOSALICYLIC, is better known as sanoform. ETHER, SALICYLIC, is described under ethyl salicy- late. ETHOMORPHINE is an English trade name for ethyl- morphine hydrochloride. ETHOXYCAFFEINE (cethoxy caffeine), C 8 H .OC 2 H B N 4 O 2 , is obtained by boiling monobrom-caffeine with an excess of alcoholic potassa solution, and forms white crystals, soluble in ether and hot alcohol. It is used in migraine and neuralgias, 4 grains several times daily in wafers. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. 104 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA ETHYL AMINOBENZOATE.—See anesthesin. ETHYLAMINOACETPYROCATECHIN HYDROCHLO- RIDE. — See homorenon hydrochloride. ETHYL BROMIDE (monobromethane ; hydrobromic ether), C 2 H 5 Br, is a colorless or nearly colorless, inflam- mable, volatile liquid, having a burning taste and chloro- form-like odor, sp. gr. about 1.453 to 1.457; soluble in alco- hol, chloroform or ether. It is employed as an inhalation anesthetic in minor surgery, and as a nerve sedative in epilepsy, hysteria, etc. Dose, by inhalation, 150 to 300 minims; by mouth, 5 to 10 drops on sugar or in capsules. On exposure it darkens from liberation of bromine; it should not be used when discolored. — (Nonproprietary.) ETHYL CARBANILATE.— See euphorine. ETHYL CHLORIDE (monochlor-ethane), C 2 H 6 C1, is now official in the U. S. P., hence fully described in the latter work and other books of reference. It is also marketed under a number of trade names (kelene, anodynone, anti- dolorin, ethylol, etc.). ETHYL DIBROMCINNAMATE.— See zebromal. ETHYL-MORPHINE HYDROCHLORIDE, C v H 17 NO(OC 2 - HJ.HCl-f-H.O, occurs as a white, crystalline, odorless, slightly bitter powder. It is soluble in about 7 parts of water and in 2 parts of alcohol, insoluble in ether and chloroform. It is used mainly as a succedaneum for mor- phine, but also as a lymphagogue in corneal affections, iritis, etc. It is also known by the brand name dionin. Dose, ^ to 1 grain. Externally it is applied in 10 to 20 per cent, solutions or triturations. — (Nonproprietary.) ETHYL-MORPHINE HYDRIODIDE (iodide) is analo- gous to ethyl-morphine hydrochloride in action and uses, but, it is claimed, causes less pain and leaves less visible and smaller cicatrices in the cornea. It is used mainly in corneal ulcers and opacities and in chronic trachoma. ETHYL-NARCEINE HYDROCHLORIDE, also known in France by the trade name narcyl, has the formula C 26 H 31 - N0 8 .HC1. It occurs as silky, flossy prisms, readily soluble in alcohol or chloroform and soluble in about 120 parts of water; slightly soluble in ether. Salts of benzoic, cin- namic and citric acids increase its aqueous solubility. It is used as a cough sedative and antispasmodic in phthisis, asthma, whooping-cough, etc. Dose, y 2 to 1 grain; chil- dren proportionately. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ETHYL SALICYLATE (salicylic ether), C H 10 O s , is a transparent, colorless, volatile, oily liquid having a pleas- ant characteristic odor and taste. Its specific gravity at 20° C. is about 1.184. It is readily soluble in alcohol, in- soluble in water. Ethyl salicylate has the same action as methyl salicylate and the salicylates in general. Dose, 5 to 15 minims three or four times a day, in capsules. (See also sal-ethyl.) — Mfr.; E. Merck, Darmstadt, and others. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 105 ETHYLENE BROMIDE (dibrom-ethane), CH a Br.CH,Br, occurs as a slightly brownish, heavy liquid (sp. gr. 2.189), of chloroform odor, and soluble in alcohol. It is used as a nerve sedative in doses of 1 to 2 minims two or three times daily, in emulsion or capsules. It should be kept protected against light; and it should not be confounded with the relatively non-poisonous ethyl bromide. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ETHYLENEDIAMINE (diamino-ethane), C 2 H 4 N 2 , is a clear, colorless, thick liquid, when fresh having a strongly alkaline reaction, an ammoniacal odor and a caustic taste. It is freely miscible with water but not with ether, and dissolves albumin readily; hence its use as a solvent of false membranes. It is marketed in 10-per-cent. solution as werr as in 25-per-cent. solution (kresamine). — Mfr.: E. Schering, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. ETHYLENEDIAMINE-MERCURY SULPHATE is de- scribed under sublamine. ETHYLENEDIAMINE-SILVER NITRATE.— See argent- amine. ETHYLENE-IMINE is a synonym of piperazine. ETHYLENE PERIODIDE (tetraiodide)-See .diiodo- form. ETHYLOL is a trade name of ethyl chloride. — Mfr.: H. Goetz, Frankfort-on-M., Germ. EUAROL is a solution of thymol iodide in cottonseed oil, intended for local use in place of tincture of iodine. — Mfrs.: Abbott Alkaloidal Co., Chicago, 111. EUCAINE, BETA-EUCAINE, or EUCAINE HYDRO- CHLORIDE B, is the hydrochloride of trimethylbenzo- oxypiperidin, having the formula C 8 H 7 N(CH 3 ) s (C e H 5 COO).- HC1. It occurs as a white, neutral powder, soluble in about 30 parts of cold water or alcohol. It is used like cocaine as a local anesthetic, and is claimed to be less toxic, and sterilizable by boiling without fear of decompo- sition. It does not dilate the pupil nor contract the blood vessels. It is applied mostly as 2 to 5 per cent, solutions, which are conveniently prepared in a test-tube with boil- ing water. It is also marketed as iy 2 and 5 grain tablets. Eucaine acetate is soluble in 3 parts of water, and the lactate in 5. — Mfr.: E. Schering, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. EUCALDIN is a local anodyne and an internal anti- septic, antispasmodic and antimalarial, prepared by the fractional distillation of oils of eucalyptus globulus and pinus sylvestris. Dose, 10 to 20 minims. — Mfrs.: Norwich Pharm. Co., Norwich, N. Y. EUCA-MUL is an emulsion of oil of eucalyptus in glyc- erin and honey, said to contain in each fluidounce 15 minims of the oil.— Mfrs.: E. G. Binz Co., Los Angeles, Cal. EUCAPREN (eucarenalinj Is a 1-per-cent. solution of 106 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA beta-eucaine lactate int 1:5000 solution of suprarenalin. It is employed as a local anesthetic and vaso-coustrictor. — Mf rs. : Armour & Co., Chicago, 111. EUCERIN is denned by Unna as the water-absorbing constituent of wool-fat, the oxycholesterin group. It in- creases the water-absorbing power of ointment bases to which it is added. Eucerin anhydrous is a mixture of 5 parts of eucerin and 95 parts of petrolatum. Mixed with an equal part of water it yields eucerin hydrous. The lat- ter is said to keep indefinitely and to be miscible in the cold with other ointments or pastes. — Mfrs.: P. Beiersdorf & Co., Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. EUCHININ. — See euquinine. EUCODINE ("eukodin," codeine methyl or omide, codeine orommethylate), C 1G H 21 N0 3 (BrCH 3 ), occurs as colorless crystals melting at 261° C. and readily soluble in water. It is offered as a less toxic succedaneum for codeine in all its uses. Dose, 3 to 6 grains per day, in solution. — Mfrs.: Riedel & Co., Berlin and New York. EUDERMOL is the name applied to nicotine salicylate, which forms colorless crystals soluble in water and alco- hol and of a faint empyreumatic odor. It is used as a 0.1 per cent, ointment in scabies, and as a 1 per cent, oint- ment in veterinary practice (sarcoptes mange). — Mfr.: Dr. L. C. Marquadt, Beuel, Germ. EUDOXINE is the bismuth salt of nosophen (tetraiodo- phenolphtalein), oismuth nosophenate, occurring as a red- dish-brown, odorless, tasteless powder, insoluble in water, and employed as an intestinal antiseptic and astringent in doses (adult) of 5 to 15 grains 3 to 5 times daily. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik. "Rhenania," Aix-la-Chapelle, Germ.; agts.: Stallman Co., New York. EUDRENIN B is a local anesthetic solution marketed in 1-c.c. ampoules each containing eucaine 0.0025 gram and adrenalin 0.0001 gram, in physiological salt solution. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. EUFERROL is a preparation of gelatinous consistence marketed in capsules the contents of which are said to represent 0.012 gram of iron in ferrous combination and 0.00006 gram of arsenous acid, thus corresponding in com- position to a tablespoonful of the stronger Levico water. It is said to be odorless, tasteless and permanent, and it has been introduced as a convenient substitute for Levico water which is put forward as an alterative and hema- tinic. — Mfrs.: Riedel & Co., Berlin (Germ.) and New York. EUFORMOL is a liquid antiseptic containing as the active ingredients oil of eucalyptus, oil of wintergreen, thymol, menthol, boric acid, fluid extract of wild indigo, and formaldehyde solution. It is used diluted with two to ten parts of water. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. EUGALLOL is defined chemically as pyrogallol mono- acetate. It is marketed only in 66-per-cent. solution in THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 107 acetone, which is a dark-yellow, syrupy liquid soluble in water and acetone, and intended as a succedaneum for pyrogallic acid in psoriasis, etc. — Mfrs.: Knoll & Co., Lud- wigshafen (Germ.) and New York. EUGOFORM is partly acetylized methylene-diguaiacol; a grayish-white, nearly odorless powder, insoluble in water, and used as a dusting-powder or 5 to 10 per cent, ointment on wounds, burns, etc. Soluble euguform is a 50 per cent, solution of euguform in acetone, and is applied pure or as paste or ointment. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik. Gustrow, Germ.; agts. : Lehn & Fink, New York. EUKIRIN is a Japanese preparation; an organic phos- phorus compound, similar to phytin. It is prepared from rye, and occurs as a white powder which contains 20 per cent, of phosphorus. EULATIN is defined as dimethylpUenylpyrazolene (anti- pyrin) amidooromobenzoate, and occurs as a white, almost odorless powder having a slightly acidulous taste. It is used mainly in whooping-cough. Dose, 2 to 3 grains every two to four hours. — Mfr.: Chem. Institute Dr. D. Oes- treicher, Berlin, Germ. EULECTAN is an acid bismuth salt of guaiacol contain- ing an excess of guaiacol. It occurs as a dark-brown pow- der of faint aromatic odor, and is used internally as well as topically in ointment form and as dusting-powder, as an astringent cicatrizant. Dose, 4 to 15 grains. — Mfr.: Pharmacy in Liibbenau, Germ. EULIMEN, recommended to replace oil of turpentine for certain uses in medicine, is synthetic limonene. EUMENOL is the trade name applied to the fluid ex- tract of the root of tang-kui, kau-kui, man-mu, or schanki, a Chinese araliacea. It is employed as an emmenagogue and uterine sedative, particularly in nervous amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea. Dose, 1 fluid dram three times daily in sweetened water. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. EUMORPHOL is an antimorphine serum introduced by Dr. Hirschlaff for use in the treatment of morphine poison- ing and morphinomania. — Mfrs.: Riedel & Co., Berlin (Germ.) and New York. EUMYDRIN is the trade name applied to atropine- methylnitrate or metttylatr opine nitrate, of the formula C 18 H 2 60 e N : ,. It occurs as a white, crystalline, odorless, per- manent powder, readily soluble in water or alcohol but sparingly soluble in ether or chloroform. Eumydrin is a mydriatic and antihydrotic like atropine sulphate. It is claimed that it dilates the pupil more quickly than atro- pine and that the dilation is of shorter duration, being intermediate in these respects between atropine and hom- atropine. It is stated to be particularly useful in night- sweats, whooping-cough and enuresis. Dose, as an anti- hydrotic, etc., 1/60 to 1/24 grain. Externally, as a mydri- atic, it is used in solutions about one-tenth stronger than 108 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIOA the usual atropine solutions. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. EUNATROL is a trade name for sodium oleate. It is marketed as powder and as chocolate-coated pills (0.25 gram), 4 of which are taken two to four daily. — Mfrs.: Zimmer & Co., Frankf ort-on-M. ; agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. EUPHENOL is denned as "a combination of the antisep- tic principles of thyme, Japanese peppermint, eucalyptus and baptisia tinctoria, with benzoboracic acid, salicylic acid and oil of gaultheria"; evidently analogous to the official antiseptic solution. — Mfrs.: Fraser & Co., New York. EUPHORINE (phenyl-ur ethane; phenyl-ethylur ethane ; phenyl-ethyl carbamate; ethyl caroanilate), CO(NH.C 6 H 5 )- (OC 2 H 6 ), forms a white, faintly odorous powder, of clove taste, soluble in alcohol or ether, almost insoluble in water. It is prescribed as an analgesic and antiseptic, externally and internally. Dose, 8 to 15 grains. Incompatible on trituration with camphor, monobromated camphor, car- bolic acid, chloral hydrate, menthol, resorcin, salol, thy- mol, and urethane. Euphorine should not be confounded with europhen. — Mfrs.: Heyden Chem. Works, Radebeul, (Germ.) and New York. EUPHTHALMIN is "the hydrochloride of the mandelic acid derivative of beta-eucaine"; a white powder readily soluble in water or alcohol. It is used as a mydriatic in 2 to 10 per cent, solutions, which are sterilizable; its ef- fects pass away in about six hours. — Mfr.: E. Schering, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. EUPNEIN Elixir is said to contain in each dose (2 fluid drams) heroin 1/24 grain, terpin hydrate 2 grains and cre- osote 5 grains, in a menstruum containing 30 per cent, of alcohol with glycerin and aromatic essential oils. It is used in coughs and fermentative dyspepsia. — Mfrs.: Schief- felin & Co., New York. EUPORPHIN is the trade name applied to apomorphine bromomethylate or methylbromide, obtained by methylat- ing morphine with dimethyl sulphate, and treating the re- hulting methylsulphate with a saturated solution of potas- sium bromide. It occurs as colorless needles or scales, easly soluble in water or alcohol. It is intended to super- sede apomorphine hydrochloride, especially as an expec- torant. Its solutions are claimed to be more permanent to air and light, though also sensitive thereto. Dose, 1/24 to 1/12 grain several times daily. Marketed also as 1/12 grain tablets. — Mfrs.: Riedel & Co., Berlin (Germ.) and New York. EUQUININE is chemically quinine carbonic ether or quinine ethylcarbonate, C 23 H 28 4 N 2 , and occurs as light, white, fleecy, practically tasteless conglomerations of needles; readily soluble in alcohol, ether, or chloroform; sparingly soluble in water. Its solutions are bitter. It is THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 109 recommended as a complete substitute for ordinary qui- nine, less apt to produce cinchonism and other disturb- ances. Dose, same as of quinine sulphate, in plain pow- der or as tablets. — Mfrs.: Zimmer & Co., Frankfort-on-M., Germ.; agts,: Merck & Co., New York. EURESOL is resorcin monoacetate, C 8 H s 3 ; a yellow, honey-like, oily liquid, readily soluble in acetone. It is employed in place of resorcin in skin diseases in 5 to 20 per cent, ointments or acetone-solutions. — Mfrs.: Knoll & Co., Ludwigshafen-on-Rh. (Germ.) and New York. Co., Ludwigshafen-on-Rh. (Germ.) and New York. Euresol pro capillis is perfumed euresol, intended for use in hair tonics and scalp lotions. EUROFORM PASTE is a dental anodyne and wound packing consisting of orthoform 1 dram, europhen 1% drams, petronol 2% drams, and white petrolatum 2% drams. Formula of Dr. J. P. Buckley. — Mfrs.: Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapolis, Ind. EUROPHEN is denned as diisobutyl-cresol iodide or iodo-diisobutyl-orthocresol, and occurs as a bulky, yellow powder of faint saffron odor, and containing 28 per cent, of iodine. Soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform and fixed oils; insoluble in water. It is employed mainly as a wound antiseptic like iodoform, as dry powder, ointment, etc. It has been occasionally used by injection in syphilis, Vz to iy 2 grains once daily in oil, internally, 3 to 5 grains per dose. It should not be dispensed with starch, metal- lic oxides (zinc and mercury in particular), and mercu- rials, as decomposition is liable to ensue; and it should be protected from light, heat and moisture. — Mfrs.: Far- benfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. EUSAPYL is an aqueous solution of chlor-metacresol in an equal quantity of potassium ricinoleate employed as a disinfectant. — Mfrs.: Meister, Lucius & Briining Hoechst- on-M., (Germ.) ; agts.: Victor Koechl & Co., New York. EUSCOPOL is a trade name for scopolamine hydrobro- mide as made by Riedel & Co., Berlin (Germ.) and New York. EUSEMINE is a sterile solution in hermetically sealed vials of cocaine hydrochloride 0.0075 gram and adrenalin hydrochloride 0.00005 gram, dissolved in 1 c.c. of physio- logic salt solution. — Mfrs.: Hugo Rosenberg, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: L. A. Seltzer, Detroit, Mich. EUSOMA is a reddish-brown liquid of faint odor and pungent taste, said to contain in each fluid dram the principles of 15 grains of echinacea angustifolia, 2 grains of thuja occidentalis, and 4 grains of baptisia tinctoria. It is used as an antiseptic and alterative externally and internally. Dose, a teaspoonful three to six times daily. — Mfrs.: Eusoma Pharm. Co., Cincinnati, O. EUSTENIN is the double-salt theobromine-sodium and sodium iodide of the composition C 7 H 7 N 4 2 Na.NaI. It con- 110 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA tains about 51 per cent, of theobromine, and occurs as a white hygroscopic powder that is readily soluble in water. It is used in arteriosclerosis, angina pectoris and aortic aneurism. — Mfrs.: Zimmer & Co., Frankfort-on-M., Germ.; agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. EUTHYMOL is similar to euformol, but contains no formaldehyde. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. EUZONE is an alkaline, liquid antiseptic consisting of euealyptol, thymol, menthol, sodium bicarbonate, sodium benzoate, oil of wintergreen, glycerin and vehicle; a pale- orange fluid, of agreeable odor and taste. It is employed topically pure or diluted with from one to four parts of water; internally, a teaspoonful every hour or two. — Mfrs.: Girard Co., Philadelphia, Pa. EXALGIN is methyl-acetanilid or methyl-phenyl-acet- amid t C 6 H 5 N.CH 3 .COCH 3 , white crystals, soluble in alcohol, sparingly soluble in water. It is prescribed chiefly as an anti-neuralgic, in doses of 2to 5 grains. Maximum dose, 8 grains. — Mfrs.: McKesson & Robbins, New York. EXODYNE is said to be a mixture consisting of 90 parts of acetanilid, 5 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 5 parts of sodium salicylate. It is used as an antipyretic and analgesic. Dose, 4 to 8 grains. EXTRACT RED BONE-MARROW is a brownish-red liquid of an agreeable aromatic taste; it contains about 2 per cent, of proteids, about 0.1 per cent, of lecithin and about 85 per cent, of glycerin. It is used in simple and pernicious anemias. Dose, 1 to 2 fluid drams three times daily, in water, milk or wine. — Mfrs.: Armour & Co., Chi- cago, 111. EXTRACTS.— A few extracts that have been introduced in recent years will be here briefly mentioned. Arenaria — from arenaria rubra; used in bladder troubles, 30 grains every three hours in sweetened water. Aspidium spinulo- sum (common wood-fern) — an ethereal extract employed as a tapeworm remedy in doses of 1 dram after fasting and followed in a few hours by a cathartic. Dichondra orevifolia, said to have proved a good remedy in diph- theria. One part of the extract is dissolved in three parts of glycerin, and a tuft of cotton is impregnated with this solution and gently brushed over the pseudo-membrane every two to six hours, according to the severity of the case. According to Dr. Aramian, this extract destroys the diphtheria bacilli and may be employed in conjunc- tion with antitoxin. Erodium — from erodium cicutarium, used as a uterine hemostatic; dose, 2 to 5 grains every two or three hours, as pills or solution. Galega officinalis (goat's-rue) — a galactagogue in doses of 8 to 30 grains two to four times daily in syrup, mixture or pastilles. Glaucium luteum, fluid — % to 1 teaspoonful three times a day in diabetes. Periploca (climbing dog's-bane), fluid — used as heart tonic; dose, 5 to 10 drops. Psidium pyri- ferum (guava; djamboe), fluid — employed as an intestinal THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 111 astringent and hemostatic, 15 to 30 minims in water every two hours. Sorbus acuparia, fluid — prescribed as a laxa- tive; dose, 30 to 240 minims two hours after a meal. Suprarenal capsule, hemostatic — brown particles soluble in water with turbidity, and employed as vasoconstrictor topically (10 to 30 per cent, solutions), hypodermically, or intravenously; dose, 1 to 2 drams of 1 per cent, solution. EXTRADIGIN is "a digitalis preparation containing all the active principles of digitalis leaves." It is marketed in 0.1 Gm. tablets each of which is equivalent to the same quantity of digitalis. F FAGULINE is said to be essentially a solution of 15 parts of paraguaiacolsulphonate of potassium, 1 part of potassium sulphate and 48 parts of sugar, in 36 parts of 36.5 per cent, alcohol. It is offered as an antitubercular and anticatarrhal. Dose, a teaspoonful three or four times daily. — Mfrs.: Verweij & Co., Tiel, Holland. FANGO or "Mineral Liniment" is the mud of the hot springs at Battaglia, Italy. It is applied as it is or as baths in rheumatism and female complaints. — Mfrs.: Fango-Versand von Frankel, Berlin, Germany; agts.: Fango Institute, New York. FEBRISOL is an analgesic and antipyretic, of which "every 5 grains represent phenacetine 2 grains, salol ^ grain, citrated caffeine Y 2 grain, acetanilid, l 1 /^ grains, tar- taric acid and sodium bicarbonate q.s." Dose, 5 to 10 grains. Liquid febrisol contains in each fluid dram these same ingredients and quantities. — Mfrs.: Tilden Co., New Lebanon, N. Y. FEMAGEN is a uterine tonic and sedative each fluid ounce of which represents black haw 24 grains, cramp bark 16 grains, black cohosh 16 grains, green horse-nettle 16 grains, cascara 16 grains, and strontium bromide 16 grains. Dose, 1 to 2 fluid drams. — Mfrs.: Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapolis, Ind. FENCHYVAL is the trade name adopted for the isoval- erianic ester of fennel oil, or fenchyl isovalerianate. The article occurs as a nearly tasteless liquid of faint valerian- like odor, its specific gravity at 15° C. is 0.945. It is em- ployed as a nerve sedative in hysteria, vertigo, etc. — Mfr.: Anthony Deppe Sons, Hamburg-Billwarder, Germany. FENTHOZONE is an English disinfectant consisting es- sentially of acetic acid 26 parts, carbolic acid 2 parts, menthol, camphor, and oil of eucalyptus of each 1 part, and 0.5 part each of lavender and vervain oils. FER- OR FERRO-ARSYCODILE.— See arsycodile. FERFORMASAL is iron dimethylenesalicylate, used in anemia of gouty or rheumatic subjects. Dose, 5 to 10 grains, in capsules. See caution under formaldehyde. — 112 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA Mfrs.: Organic Chem. Co., Fort Washington, Pa. FERMANG is a solution of iron and manganese pepton- ate, containing 0.6 per cent, of iron and 0.2 per cent, of manganese. — Mfrs.: Organic Chem. Co., Fort Washington, Pa. FERMENTIN consists, according to Dr. Dreuw, of the protoplasmic and nuclear constituents of yeast. It occurs as a yellowish-white, pulverulent mass having a slight odor of yeast and readily miscible with starch, talcum, zinc oxide, and ointment bases. It contains 7 per cent, of pro- tein nitrogen, 2 per cent, of nuclein nitrogen and 3 per cent of fat. It is used internally as well as externally as an alterative and antiseptic in chronic skin diseases. — Mfrs.: Goedicke & Co., Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. FERMENLACTYL is the name applied to tablets of the lactic-acid producing bacillus bulgaricus and streptococcus lebinis. The tablets are used for conveniently preparing buttermilk, as well as an intestinal antizymotic and bac- tericide. Dose, 3 to 6 tablets shortly after meals. — Mfrs.: Pasteur Vaccine Co., Paris, France; agts.: E. Fougera & Co., New York. FEROSIN is a ferrated syrup of guaiacol. — Mfrs.: Fritz- Petzold & Suss, Vienna, Austria. FER-PROTYLIN.— See under protylin. FERRALBOL is, according to Rapp, a chemical com- pound of iron and albumin, containing 3 per cent, of iron, to which is added 1 per cent, of lecithin. It is proposed as a hematinic. Dose, 7% grains three times daily, in tab- lets (so marketed). — Mfr.: Wilh. Natterer, Munich, Germ. FERRALBUMOSE is a Dutch meat peptone and iron preparation; a powder, containing 10 per cent, of iron. FERRAMAT is the terse name applied to Dr. Stock- mann's ferruginous pills, each containing 2 grains of iron besides bitter and aromatic substances. — Mfrs.: Dr. Stock- mann's Pharm. Laboratory, Reichenbach, Germ. FERRATIN (sodium ferri-albuminate) contains about 6 per cent, of iron and forms a brown, almost odorless, tasteless powder. It is employed as a hematinic. Dose, 4 to 8 grains. — Mfrs.: C. F. Boehringer & Soehne, Mannheim, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. FERRATOGEN is an iron nucleinate obtained by grow- ing yeast in a ferruginous medium; a yellowish-gray, pal- atable powder, insoluble in water, and recommended by Cloette as a readily assimilable iron compound. Dose, 5 to 10 grains. — Mfrs.: Gessellschaft fur Chem. Industrie, Basle, Switzerland; agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. FERRATOSE (liquor ferratini) Is a solution of ferratin, containing 3 per cent, of iron. Dose, 3 or 4 tablespoonfuls per day. — Mfrs.: C. F. Boehringer & Soehne, Mannheim, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. FERRICODYLB is a trade name for iron cacodylate; THE MODERN MATERIA MXDICA 113 see this. FERRICHTOL is a compound of iron and ichthyol, iron sulphoichthyolate or ichthyol-iron, occurring as a brown- ish-black, nearly odorless and tasteless powder, insoluble in the usual solvents as well as in diluted acids and alka- lies, and containing 2y 2 per cent, of iron. It is prescribed in anemia and chlorosis. Dose, 5 to 20 grains, in tablets (marketed as such). — Mfrs.: Ichthyol Co., Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. FERRIC IODOBEHENATE.— See ferro-sajodin. FERRIPYRINE (ferric-chloride-antipyrin) is a com- pound containing about 64 per cent, of antipyrin and 36 per cent, of ferric chloride. It occurs as an orange red powder, soluble in 5 parts of water, also soluble in alco- hol but insoluble in ether. It is used as a hematinic, styptic and astringent — internally, 5 to 15 grains, in solu- tion or as powder; externally in 1 to 20 per cent, solutions or pure. It is incompatible with alkalies, their carbonates and bicarbonates. — Mfrs.: Farbwerke, Hoechst-on-M., Germ.; agts.: V. Koechl & Co., New York. FERROGLIDINE is an organic combination of iron with glidine (wheat protein). It is marketed as tablets each representing % grain of iron in a ferrous state. It is used as a hematinic. Dose, 1 to 2 tablets three times a day. — Mfr.: Dr. V. Klopfer, Dresden-Leubnitz, Germ.; agts.: Menley & James, New York. FERROGLOBULIN is a protein-like substance, obtained from rye. It occurs as a brown powder which contains 0.6 per cent, of iron and small amounts of phosphorus and manganese. It is insoluble in water, partly soluble in so- dium chloride solution and easily soluble in caustic alka- lies, forming with the latter a transparent liquid. It is used as a hematinic tonic. FERROMANGAN is a solution of iron peptonate with manganese containing 0.6 per cent, of iron, 0.1 per cent, of manganese and 1.5 per cent, of peptone. It is used as a hematinic, like the N. F. solution. Dose, 1 to 4 fluid drams. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik "Heifenberg," Helfenberg, Germ.; agts.: Reinschild Chem. Co., New York. FERROMANNIN is a liquid preparation described as a "sacciiaro-mannite" of iron, "containing 1 grain of iron expressed as FeO" to the tablespoonf ui. — Mfrs. : Ferroman- nin Chem. Co., New York. FERROPYRINE is identical with ferripyrine—Mfvs.: Knoll & Co., Ludwigshafen-on-Rh. (Germ.) and New York. FERRO-SAJODIN is basic ferric iodobehenate having the approximate formula CJH^LFe and containing 5.7 per cent, of iron and about 25 per cent, of iodine. It occurs as a reddish-brown powder soluble in chloroform or ether but insoluble in water. Its action is that of iron and iodine combined. Marketed only as 8-grain tablets. Dose, 1 or 2 tablets three times daily. — Mfrs. : Farbenf abriken of Elber- feld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. 114 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA FERRO-SOMATOSE, also designated as iron-somatose and iron-albumose, is a light-brown, almost tasteless, odor- less powder, readily soluble in water, and said to contain the "nutritious elements of meat" with two per cent, of iron organically combined. Dose, 3 or 4 teaspoonfuls per day. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. FERROSTYPIN is a double salt of hexamethylene- tetramine hydrochloride and ferric chloride, of the form- ula (CH^) e H 4 .HCl.FeCl 3 . It occurs in yellowish-brown crystals, containing 15 per cent, of iron and readily soluble in water. It is used as a styptic and antiseptic, chiefly in dental practice. See caution under formaldehyde. — Mfr.: Dr. C. L. Marquadt, Beuel, Germ. FERROTONOL is the new name applied to iron-tonol, or iron glycerophosphate. — Mfr.: E. Schering, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. FERROVOSE is an iron-and-albumin combination pre- pared by Lefevre and Hildt. Hydrated ferrous oxide is dis- solved in egg-albumin in the absence of air. Sulphur com- pounds are removed by treatment with alkali, and the iron compounds precipitated by dilute acids. The iron is combined in the ferrous condition. It is employed as a chalybeate tonic. FERROZONE is ferrous vanadate, introduced by Dr. B. Rohden and marketed as 3-grain sugar-coated pills. It is used as an alterative tonic. Dose, 1 or 2 pills t^ree times a day. — Mfr.: "Pharmako," Lippspringe, Germ. FESTOFORM is a solidified formaldehyde obtained from formaldehyde solution by means of soap. It occurs as a white mass that dissolves in water with slight opalescence and is used as tablets or pastilles for various disinfecting purposes. Festoform smelling -salt is used in affections of the nose, and festoform toilet-cream is employed for cos- metic purposes. — Mfr.: Dr. Hirschberg, Berlin, Germ. FETRON is an ointment base introduced by Prof. Lieb- reich, in physical properties being between lanolin and petrolatum and consists of 3 per cent, of stearic acid anilid and 97 per cent, of petrolatum. — Chem. Fabrik "Hansa," Hemelingen, Germ. FIBROLYSIN is a sterilized 15 per cent, solution of a double-salt of thiosinamine (2 mols.) and sodium salicy- late (1 mol.) introduced by F. Mendel as a succedaneum for thiosinamine hypodermically. As is known, thiosina- mine is but slightly soluble in water, so that alcoholic solutions have to be employed and these are quite painful. The new compound occurs as a white powder easily solu- ble in water. Its solutions, however, are readily decom- posed by air, and hence the medicament is marketed in ampoules containing 2.3 c.c. of the solution (equal to 0.2 eram of thiosinamine). It is used hypodermically or by intramuscular injection or intravenously, in lupus, chronic glandular swellings, to remove scars, etc. Dose, 1 ampoule THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 115 daily or every second or third day. — Mf r. : E. Merck, Darm- stadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. FILMARON fftlmaronic acid), C 47 H 54 O 10 , is an active an- thelmintic constituent of oleoresin male fern. It ap- pears as a brownish-yellow powder, insoluble in water, slightly soluble in alcohol, but freely soluble in the re- maining usual solvents. It has a strong tendency to cake together to form a resinous mass difficult to reduce to powder and dispense; hence it is not marketed in sub- stance but as a 10-per-cent. castor oil solution known as filmaron oil. Dose of latter as an anthelmintic, 2y 2 fluid drams followed by a purgative. — Mfrs.: C. F. Boehringer & Soehne, Mannheim, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. FILMOGEN, also known as acetone-collodion, collosin, and liquor adhwsivus, is a solution of pyroxylin in acetone and a fatty oil intended for use as a protective as well as a vehicle for dermic remedies. FLOROZONE is described by the makers as "a solution of gases of great germicidal power which when liberated by spraying or sprinkling, is of the same specific gravity as air. The air thus becomes saturated, creating a 'floro- zone atmosphere' which permeates every nook, corner and crevice with a disinfectant powerful enough to destroy germs and bacteria of the highest resistance." — Mfrs.: Bellevue Chem. Co., Brooklyn, N. Y. FLUIDEXTRACT CANNABIS AMERICANA has been launched on this market and has been credited with equal therapeutic value as fluidextract cannabis indica grown in India. The plant is cannabis sativa grown in America. Action, dose, etc., are the same as of the official fluidex- tract of cannabis indica. — (Nonproprietary.) FLUORESCEIN (resorcinolphthalein; dioxyfluoran) Is an aniline dye occurring as an orange-red powder, insolu- ble in water, ether or chloroform, but soluble in alkaline solutions, forming salts of the alkalies. A solution con- sisting of 2 grams of fluorescein, 3 grams of sodium bicar- bonate and enough distilled water to make 100 c.c. is used for diagnosticating corneal lesions and detecting minute foreign bodies imbedded in the cornea. This solution will not stain the normal cornea, but ulcers will become green and foreign bodies will appear surrounded by a green ring; loss of substance in the conjunctiva is indicated by a yel- low hue. — Mfrs.: Anilin makers in general. FLUOROFORMOL ffluoroform water; fluorylj is a satu- rated (2.8 per cent.) aqueous solution of fluoroform gas CHF1 3 ; a nearly tasteless and odorless, non-irritating liquid, used mainly in tuberculosis, whooping-cough and pneumonia. Dose, tablespoonful four times a day; in whooping-cough, y 2 to 1 teaspoonful hourly. — Mfrs.: Valen- tiner & Schwarz, Leipsic-Plagwitz, Germ.; agts.: C. Biech- off & Co., Inc., New York. FLUORRHEUMIN, also designated as anti-rheumatin or V 116 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA antirheumin, is an ointment consisting of fluorphenetol 1 per cent., diiluordiphenyl 4 per cent., petrolatum 10 per cent, and lanolin 85 per cent. It is employed topically in rheumatism, lumbago, etc., 5 grains being rubbed in sev- eral times a day. — Mfrs.: Valentiner & Schwarz, Leipsic- Plagwitz, Germ.; agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. FLUOROL is sodium fluoride. FLUORYL.— See fluroformol. FOMITIN is a cold prepared fluidextract of the fungi fomes cinnamomeus and fomes igniarius; a reddish-brown alkaline liquid of fungoid odor and slightly bitter taste, used in diseases of the bladder, dysmenorrhea, hemor- rhoids, etc. Dose, 1 to 4 tablespoonfuls. — Mfr.: M. Hell- wig, Berlin NO, Germ. FORBIL is a laxative chocolate in bars containing phenolphthalein as the active ingredient. FORMALDEHYDE Solution is now official, hence fully described in the U. S. Pharmacopoeia and other easily accessible works of reference. The proposed medicinal use of it in any form opens an extremely grave question as to a certain ultimate effect. It has been suggested that the deadly and sight-destroying power of wood alcohol which is now well known, is due to its decomposition in the sys- tem into formic acid, this acid being the destructive agent. If this be so, may not formaldehyde be expected to yield the same destructive acid, it being an intermediate product in the change of wood alcohol to formic acid; in other words, by further oxidizing wood alcohol (which is methyl oxide, more commonly known as methyl alcohol) we get formic aldehyde (oxymethylene) and by still further oxi- dation this is converted to formic acid; so that formalde- hyde may afford a starting point for the development of the acid, without going back to wood alcohol. A most fright- ful feature in wood alcohol poisoning is destruction of sight, which has so often occurred; and this feature should naturally cause the utmost care as to the introduction into the system of anything which may yield the same results; or even the slightest impairment of vision. Slight changes in that respect which might be caused by medi- cine might easily be overlooked or ascribed to some other cause. In view of the facts and possibilities here pre- sented, it has been thought necessary to add to descrip- tions of articles which may yield formaldehyde in the system by decomposition ("splitting up"), a caution re- ferring to this paragraph, and in these have been included those with the methylene group, and formates from which formic acid might be set free; such cautions may possibly have been in some cases overlooked so the reader will do well to be on the alert in regard to the subject here as well as in other literature. Applications, it must be re- membered, may introduce a medicament into the system as well as usual internal administration. FORMALDEHYDE-GELATIN.-— See glutol. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 117 FORMALDEHYDE, PARA-.— See para-formaldehyde. FORMALDEHYDE-TANNIN.— See tannoform and for- matan. FORMALIN is a brand name for solution formaldehyde as marketed by Schering & Glatz, New York. FORMALIN-TANNIN is the same as tannoform, formo- t tan and other condensation products of formaldehyde and tannic acid. FORMALOIN (aloin-formal), CH 2 C 17 H 16 7 , occurs as a yellow, amorphous, tasteless powder, which is insoluble in water and sparingly soluble in alcohol. It is intended as a non-bitter suecedaneum for aloin in about twice the dose of the latter. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts. : Merck & Co., New York. FORMALYPTOL is a colorless liquid antiseptic contain- ing 5 per cent, of formaldehyde (gas), 0.075 per cent, of thymol, 0.3 per cent, of eucalyptol, 0.075 per cent, each of camphor and oil gaultheria, normal tincture baptisia 0.625 per cent., benzoic acid 0.8 per cent., and boric acid 2 per cent. — Mfrs.: Wm. S. Merrell Chem. Co., Cincinnati, O. FORMAMINE is another of the numerous trade names for hexamethylenamine. Formamine taolets each contain hexamethylenamine 2 grains, sodium salicylate natural 5 grains, and colchicine 1/200 grain. They are used in gout and rheumatism. — Mfrs.: Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapolis, Ind. FORMAMINT TABLETS contain % grain of formalde- hyde and some menthol. They have been brought out as a mouth and throat antiseptic lozenge. — Mfrs.: Bauer & Co., Berlin SW, Germ.; agts.: A. Wulflng & Co., New York. FORMAMOL is the name by which hexamethylenamine anhydromethylene citrate, better known in this country by the trade name helmitol, is known in British pharmacy. FORMAN ( chlcro-methyl-menthyl ether) is a chlorinated methyl ester of menthol of the formula C 10 H ie .C.CH,,Cl, and occurs as a colorless, limpid, levogyrate, oily liquid, decomposed by water into formaldehyde, menthol and hy- drochloric acid. Brought forward as an inhalant in catar- rhal affections of the respiratory tract. See caution under formaldehyde. — Mfrs.: Lingner's Chem. Laboratorium, Dresden A. Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. FORMANILID (phenyl-formamide), C 6 H 5 NH.CHO, is a reaction product of anilin and formic acid; colorless or yellow crystals, soluble in water, alcohol, glycerin, or oils. It is brought forward as an anesthetic and analgesic, and for insufflation in catarrh. Dose, 2 to 4 grains. See cau- tion under formaldehyde. — Mfrs.: E. Merck and others. FORMASAL is described as a condensation product of formaldehyde and salicylic acid, or methylene-disalicylic acid. It is used chiefly in the form of its salts, alum- f ormasal, bisf ormasal, etc. — Mfrs. : Organic Chem. Co., Fort Washington, Pa. FORMASEPTOL is a liquid antiseptic containing % per cent, official formaldehyde solution, sodium borate, ben- 118 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A zoic acid, and small quantities of thymol, eucalyptol, men- thol and oil of wintergreen. — Mfrs.r Eli Lilly & Co., Indi- anapolis, Ind. FORMATAN is a condensation product of formaldehyde and tannin, apparently identical with the older tannoform. It is used chiefly as an intestinal astringent and antiseptic, in doses of 5 to 15 grains several times daily, but it is serviceable also to arrest excessive perspiration. Marketed also in tablets. See caution under formaldehyde. — Mfrs.: H. K. Wampole Co., Philadelphia, Pa. FORMATONE (solution of pentaformates) is a liquid preparation said to contain in each fluidounce lithium for- mate 2 grains, strontium formate 14 grains, magnesium formate 8 grains, sodium formate 16 grains and quinine formate 2 grains. It should be noted that formadehyde may be liberated from formates, and this would involve a serious risk which is mentioned under formaldehyde. — Mfrs. : J. Wyeth & Bro., Philadelphia, Pa. FORMESTON.— See under eston. FORMIC ALDEHYDE.— See formaldehyde. FORMICIN fformaldehyde-acetamide) is a very hygro- scopic substance, and hence marketed only as concentrated solution — a colorless, syrupy liquid of the specific gravity 1.140 to 1.180, having a faint peculiar odor and acidulous- bitter taste, and miscible in all proportions with water, alcohol or chloroform, readily soluble in glycerin, spar- ingly soluble in ether, decomposed by acids and alkalies readily and by water gradually, formaldehyde being liber- ated. It is used as a surgical disinfectant and deodorant in 2 per cent, solution. See caution under formaldehyde. — Mfrs.: Kalle & Co., Biebrich, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. FORMIDINE is described as methylene-iodo-disalicyUc acid, C 15 H 10 O 2 I 6 , an iodized derivative of salicylic acid and formaldehyde. It is employed as an external antiseptic. —Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. FORMIN is one of the many brand names for hexa- methylenetetr amine, now official as hexamethylenamine. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. FORMOBOR is, according to the statements of the manu- facturer, an aqueous solution containing 4 per cent, of for- maldehyde and VV2 per cent, of borax. It is recommended as a disinfectant of surgical instruments, etc. FORMOCRESOL is a mixture of equal volumes of tri- kresol and solution formaldehyde, and is used as a dental disinfectant in the treatment cf putrescent pulps and un- complicated abscesses. — Mfrs.: Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapo- lis, Ind. FORMOFORIN is a foot powder stated to consist of for- maldehyde solution, actanilid, boroglyceride, sodium boro- benzoate, eucalyptol, thymol, menthol, wintergreen oil, ai- THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 119 cohol aand extract of witchhazel. — Mfrs.: H. K. Wampole Co., Philadelphia, Pa. FORMOPHEN TABLETS probably consist, according to Dr. Zernik, of a condensation product of formaldehyde and phenol. They are used as a disinfectant by volatization. FORMOPYRINE (methylene-diantipyrin) is obtained by heating 5 parts of antipyrin with 4 parts of formaldehyde solution for several hours at 120° C. It forms white crys- tals soluble in alcohol and insoluble in water. It acts as an antipyretic and antiseptic. See caution under formalde- hyde. FORMULSIN is a soap solution of formaldehyde, offered as an antiseptic. FORMUROL is the trade name of what is defined as hexamethylenetetramine-sodium citrate, C 6 H 7 7 Na.C 7 H 12 N 4 . According to an analysis made in the laboratory of the American Medical Association, the article consists essen- tially and represents a mixture of approximately 35.37 per cent, of hexamethylenamine and 63,36 per cent, of sodium citrate. It occurs as a white, water-soluble powder, and is used as a urinary disinfectant and antilithic. Dose, 15 grains. See caution as to methylene compounds under for- maldehyde. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik, Falkenberg, Germ.; agts.: Cellarius Co., San Francisco, Cal. FORMYLPHENETIDIN (formphenetidin, par a-oxy ethyl- formanilid) C 6 H 4 OC 2 H 6 .NK.HCO, is made by heating para- phenetidin hydrochloride with anhydrous sodium formate and formic acid. It occurs as colorless, shining needles or leaflets that are readily soluble in alcohol or hot water. It is used as an antispasmodic. Dose, 3 to 6 grains. See caution under formaldehyde. FORMYL TRIBROMIDE is oromoform (official). FORMYSOL is a liquid potash soap marketed in two strengths representing respectively 4 per cent, and 10 per cent, of formaldehyde gas and occurring as a greenish- yellow liquid of pleasant odor and miscible with alcohol or water in all proportions. It is offered as a disinfectant for the hands, surgical instruments, etc. — Mfrs.: Theo. Hahn & Cie, Schwedt,-on-0., Germ. FORMYSOLS are, according to Schlieben, faintly yellow, liquid glycerin-potash soaps, containing 25 per cent, of formalin (equal to 10 per cent, of formaldehyde gas) and 10 per cent, of formalin (representing 4 per cent, of for- maldehyde), respectively. They are used for disinfecting the hands and surgical instruments, as well as on wounds and in parasitic skin diseases. See caution under formal- dehyde. FORTOSSAN is a nutritive for small children consisting of the soluble vegetable phosphorus preparation known as phytin and milk sugar. It is marketed as 2.5 gram tab- lets. — Mfrs.: Gesellschaft fur Chem. Industrie, Basle, Switzerland; agts.: T. D. Webb, New York. FOSSILIN is a brand of petrolatum. 120 THE MODERN MATERIA. MEDXCA FRIGUSINB is diiodoricinic acid, a dark-brown liquid used as a protective dressing for wounds, upon which it forms a kind of varnish from which iodine is gradually and constantly liberated. FRUCTOID is a laxative fruit-jelly containing phenol- phthalein. FUCQL. is a succedaneum for cod liver oil prepared from iodine-containing algae and vegetable oils; an olive-green, oily liquid, of a faint taste like that of roasted coffee. It is intended to serve also as a vehicle for medicaments or- dinarily exhibited with cod liver oil (phosphorus, creosote, ferrous iodide, etc.). — Mfrs.: Deutsche Fucol-Werke, Bremen, Germ. FULMARGIN is defined as "a stable solution of colloidal silver prepared by electric vaporization." It is marketed in ampuls containing 5 c.c, and is intended for intra- venous and intramuscular use in septicemia, pyemia, etc., like coilargol. — Mfr.: Hugo Rosenberg, Berlin-Charlotten- burg, Germany. FURUNCULIN is a dried beer-yeast employed internally in general furunculosis, certain eczemas, dyspepsia, etc. Dose, 10 to 30 grains three times daily. — Mfrs.: La Zyma, St. Ludwig, Germ. G GACAMPHOL — .See guacamphol. GADIOL is an aromatized cod-liver oil. — Mfrs.: Vial & Uhlmann, Frankfort-on-M., Germ. GADUOL is defined as an alcoholic extract of cod-liver oil. It occurs as a brown, oily liquid, of a bitter-acrid taste, containing the alterative principles of the oil; specific gravity 0.93 to 0.94. One part represents 4 parts of oil. It is used in place of cod-liver oil. Dose, 5 to 20 minims in capsules or as a so-called "wine of cod-liver oil." — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. GALECTENZYME is a pure culture of the true Bul- garian bacillus, in tablet form, and intended for therapeu- tic use to arrest intestinal fermentative and putrefactive processes. — Mfrs.: Abbott Alkaloidal Co., Chicago, 111. GALEGOL is prepared by extracting finely ground goat's rue (galega officinalis) in vacuo, evaporating to dryness at a low temperature and granulating with milk sugar. It occurs as small, brown granules having an agreeable taste and readily soluble in water, coffee, tea, etc. It is offered as a galactagogue. Dose, a teaspoonful several times daily. — Mfr.: Dr. K. Fragner, Prague, Austria. GALLANOL (gallanilid, gallic acid anilid, or gallinol), C 6 H 5 .NH.CO.C 6 H 3 (OH) 3 +2H 2 0, is obtained by heating gallic acid with anilin at 150° C, and occurs as colorless or slightly brownish crystals soluble in alcohol, chloroform THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 121 and ether, and used as a substitute for pyrogallol in skin diseases (5 to 20 per cent, ointments, solutions or dusting powders). — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. GALLICIN or gallic acid methyl ester, C 6 H 2 (OH) 3 COO.- CH S , forms a grayish-white crystalline powder soluble in alcohol or ether, and is employed as a dusting-powder in eye diseases (chiefly conjunctivitis). — Mfrs.: Sandoz & Co., Basle, Switzerland. GALLOBROMOL or dibromogallic acid, C 6 Br 2 (OH) 3 CO- OH, is made by rubbing together 1 part of gallic acid and 2% parts of bromine and recrystallizing from water, and forms a light-brown powder soluble in water, alcohol or ether. It is used internally as a nerve sedative and ex- ternally as an antiseptic astringent in 1 to 4 per cent, solution (in gonorrhea and cystitis), and as dusting-pow- der or paste (in skin diseases). Dose, 10 to 30 grains, generally in solution with an acid syrup. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. GALLOGEN (ellagic acid, benzoaric acid), C u H 8 8 , oc- curs as a yellow, odorless, tasteless powder, insoluble in all acid or neutral media, but soluble in alkalies. It is pre- scribed as an intestinal astringent. Dose, 15 grains; chil- dren 5 to 8 grains. Supplied also as 3-grain chocolate tab- lets. A veterinary grade is also marketed. — Mfr. : Dr. Ad. Heinemann, Worms-on-Rh., Germ.; agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. GARANTOSE is one of the many trade names for ben- zoylsulphonic imide (better known as saccharin). — Mfrs.: Heyden Chem. Works, New York. GASTERIN is a gastric juice obtained by Fremont from dogs. GASTRIN is the name for a hormone preparation in- tended for use in digestive insufficiency. It should not be confounded with the preceding article. GASTROGEN is "a neutralizing digestive, indicated in various forms of indigestion," marketed only in tablet form. — Mfrs.: Bristol-Meyers Co., Brooklyn, N. Y. GASTROSAN is a trade name applied to bismuth di- salicylate, a white, odorless, sweetish powder, insoluble in alcohol. Dose, 8 to 15 grains. — Mfrs.: Heyden Chem. Works, Radebeul (Germ.) and New York. GASTROZYMASE is said to be the dried natural gas- tric juice of the pig, and intended for use in gastric affec- tions dependent upon deficiency of gastric juice. GAULTHERINE is the "sodium salt of methyl salicyl- ate," silky needles, of wintergreen odor and freely soluble in water, and used as antiseptic (1 to 2 per cent, solutions) and antizymotic. Dose, 1 to 5 grains well triturated with powdered liquorice or milk sugar. — Mfrs.: Wm. S. Merrell Chem. Co., Cincinnati, O. GAYATIN is a syrup of ammonium guaiacol-sulphonate. analogous in its uses to sirolin. 122 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA GELANTHUM is a water-soluble vehicle for dermics, a colorless paste consisting of equal parts of gelatin and tragacanth, together with sufficient of a mixture of equal parts of glycerin and rose water, besides a little thymol (as a preservative). — Mfr.: W. Mielck, Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. GELATOSE-SILVER is better known as aloargin; see this. GELINA DIGITALIS are bean-shaped masses of gelatin hardened with formaldehyde, each representing % grain of digitalis in the form of a concentrated infusion. They are not acted upon by the gastric juice and dissolve only on reaching the alkaline intestinal fluids. Gelina stro- phanthi are also on the market. GELONIDA are enteric capsules containing various medications. Gelonida antineuralgica contain 0.01 Gm. of codeine phosphate, 0.25 Gm. of phenacetine and 0.25 Gm. of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), and are used as an anti- neuralgic and antirheumatic. Gelonida antipyretica con- tain antipyrin and caffeine. Gelonida stomachica contain 0.005 Gm. of belladonna extract, 0.15 Gm. of bismuth sub- nitrate and 0.15 Gm. of calcined magnesia. — Mfrs.: Goe- dicke & Co., Berlin, Germ.: agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. GELSEMIN and GELSEMININE are two preparations from gelsemium, concerning which confusion exists among physicians as well as pharmacists. Gelsemin is a retinoid, occurring as a brownish-yellow powder. Gelsem- inine, C 22 H 26 N.O s , is an alkaloid and forms white crystals. Both articles are soluble in alcohol but insoluble in water; and their physiologic action is the same in kind but vastly different in degree. Gelsemin (resinoid) is given in doses of y 3 to 1 or even 2 grains. The single dose of gelseminine (alkaloid) is 1/120 to 1/30 grain, and its maximum daily dose % grain: as antidotal treatment emetics, atropine or strophanthin is used, besides artificial respiration. — (Non- proprietary. ) GENOFORM is a condensation product of acetyl-salicylic acid and formaldehyde intended for use in gout and rheu- matism, neuralgia, etc. It occurs as a white powder of slightly acid taste, sparingly soluble in cold water, but freely soluble in alcohol, ether and hot water. It is split up in the intestines into salicylic acid, acetic acid, and formaldehyde. Dose, 6 to 8 grains every two or three hours, as powders usually. See caution under formalde- hyde. — Marketed by C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. GENITONE is described as a uterine tonic and sedative, each fluid dram of which represents golden seal 5 grains, black haw 8 grains, Pulsatilla 2 grains, passion flower 4 grains, and senecio aureus 5 grains, in aromatic cordial. — Mfrs.: Wm. S. Merrell Chem. Co., Cincinnati, O. GENTIANIN is the crude bitter principle (gentianic acid or gentisin) cf gentian; a dark-brown extract solu- THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 123 ble In alcohol and given in doses of 4 to 15 grains thrice daily as a tonic. — (Nonproprietary.) GENTIOPICRIN is a bitter glucoside obtained from gen- tian root. It is readily soluble in water or diluted alcohol, and has been introduced by Dr. G. Tanret as an anti- periodic. Dose, 15 to 30 grains. GEOPORM, which has several trade aliases, is described under its chemical designation, methylene-diguaiacol. GEOSOTE is guaiacol valerianate or valeryl-guaiaeol, C e K 4 (OCH 3 )O.CO.C 4 H 9 ; a yellowish, oily liquid of smoky odor and burning taste, soluble in alcohol or ether. It is used as an antitubercular and an intestinal disinfectant. Dose, 3 to 10 minims, gradually increased to 20 minims, In capsules or milk, three times daily.Marketed also as 3-minim capsules. — Mfrs.: Berliner Capsules-Fabrik, Ber- lin, Germ.; agts.: General Drug Co., New York. GEOTALOSE is denned as a compound of creosotal with a muco-colloidal base, and occurs as a grayish-green, odor- less and tasteless mass becoming liquid when heated. It Is used as an intestinal antiseptic, chiefly in diarrhea of in- fants. Dose, a teaspoonful hourly. GERMICIDAL DISCS contain mercury biniodide % grain, and sodium bicarbonate 16 grains, colored blue. One dissolved in 4 ounces of warm water makes a 1:5000 solu- tion of mercuric iodide, which is claimed to be equal In germicidal power to a 1:1000 solution of corrosive sub- limate but not to coagulate albumen or attack instru- ments. — Mfrs. : Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. GITALIN is a new glucoside of digitalis leaves, isolated by Dr. Kraft. It occurs as a white, amorphous powder soluble in about 600 parts of water and very freely soluble In chloroform. Nothing is stated thus far as regards its physiologic action. GIVASAN PASTE is a tooth-paste containing hexa- methylanamine as its therapeutically active ingredient. It is also intended for use as a prophylactic of mercurial gingivitis during treatment of syphilis. — Mfrs.: Riedel'& Co., Berlin (Germ.) and New York. GLACIAL is the fanciful name applied to a mixture of methyl chloride and ethyl chloride, employed as a local anesthetic. GLANDULEN is prepared from the bronchial glands of sheep; a yellowish powd,er, which is marketed as 0.25 gram tablets, each of which represents 0.05 gram of fresh gland and which are employed in phthisis. Dose, 1 to 3 tablets three times daily. — Mfrs.: Hofmann Nachf., Meer- ane, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. GLIDINE (xolieat protein) is defined as "a pure vegetable albumin derived wholly from the core of a variety of wheat peculiarly rich in protein and containing in the fully dried state albumin 95.69 per cent., lecithin 0.87 per cent., carbohydrates 2.72 per cent., and ash 0.72 per cent." It occurs as a yellowish, fine, odorless and practically 124 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA tasteless powder, which swells but does not dissolve in water. It is employed as a nutrient and reconstructive. Dose, 2 to 3 dessertspoonfuls daily, stirred into broths, chocolate, milk, etc.; it should not be boiled with the foods. It forms the base of various combinations: arsen- glidine (arsan) ; fcromo-glidine; ferro-glidine; iodo-glidine; mercwro-glidine (luesan). — Mfr.: Dr. V. Klopfer, Dresden- Leubnitz, Germ.; agts.: Menley & James, New York. GLOBULARIN, C 15 H 20 O 8 , is a glucoside of globularia alypum and vulgaris. It occurs as a brownish-yellow pow- der soluble in alcohol. It is used in rheumatism, gout, glycosuria, etc. Dose, % to 1% grains. — (Nonproprietary.) GLUSIDE is the British Pharmacopceial name for sac- charin. GLUTANNIN is a compound of tannic acid and 2 per cent, of vegetable albumin (from wheat), marketed in the form of powder and as 5-grain tablets, and employed as an intestinal astringent. Dose, 10 to 15 grains three to five times daily. — Mfr.: Dr. Israel Roos, Frankfort-on-M., Germ. GLUTANNOL is a compound of vegetable fibrin and tannic acid, prescribed as an intestinal astringent without action in the stomach (owing to its insolubility in water and acid liquids). Dose, 5 to 15 grains, in powders or suspension. — Mfrs.: Dr. R. Hundhausen, Hamm, Germ. GLUTOFORM is synonymous with glutol. GLUTOID CAPSULES are gelatin capsules hardened with formaldehyde and supplied in three degrees of re- sistance to gastric juice — weak, medium and strong. They are intended to be used for drugs that are to act only in the intestine. See caution under formaldehyde. — Mfr.: C. Fr. Hausmann, v St. Galen, Switzerland. GLUTOL (glutoform, formaldehyde-gelatin) occurs as a white to yellowish, odorless powder, which is used pure as a wound antiseptic, liberating formaldehyde on contact with the wound secretions. See caution under formalde- hyde). — Mfr.: E. Schering, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. GLYBOLID is a paste consisting of 2 parts of glycerin and 1 part each of boric acid and acetanilid, employed topically on pustules, abscesses, and the like. GLYCASINE is a surgical lubricant consisting essen- tially of alkali stearates and glycerin (60 per cent), of soft-ointment consistency and neutral. — Mfrs.: P. Beiers- dorf & Co., Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. GLYCERIN SALICYLATE.— See glycosal. GLYCERINOPHOSPHATES or GLYCEROPHOS- PHATES. — See under calcium, iron, lithium, magnesium, potassium, quinine, etc., glycerophosphates. GLYCERODINE (glycerite hydriodic acid) is said to contain in each 100 c.c. 1.54 grams of absolute hydriodic acid (equivalent to 7 grains in a fluid ounce). It is used THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 125 as an alterative and resolvent. Dose, 1 fluid dram. — Mf rs. : H. K. Wampole Co., Philadelphia, Pa. GLYCOCOLL-PHENETIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE is better known as phenocoll hydrochloride, which see. GLYCOCREOSOTE is an expectorant and anticatarrhal preparation each fluid dram of which contains creosote carbonate 1 minim, guaiacol 3 minims, terpin hydrate 1 grain, diacetylmorphine hydrochloride 1/32 grain, sodium glycerophosphate 1 grain, calcium glycerophosphate V2 grain, glycerin, alcohol, and flavoring. Dose, a teaspoon- ful three to six times daily. — Mfrs.: Independent Pharma- ceutical Co., Worcester, Mass. GLYCOFORM or glycoformal is a mixture of 75 parts of solution of formaldehyde, 15 parts of water, and 10 parts of glycerin. It is used for disinfecting purposes. — Mfrs.: Lingner & Kraft, Dresden, Germ. GLYCOGEN (animal starch), (C c H 10 O 5 )n-f H 2 ; is a con- stituent of normal livers, muscles, blood, yeast, etc. It forms a yellowish-white, odorless and tasteless powder, soluble with opalescence in water and insoluble in alcohol. Though formerly only of physiologic interest, glycogen has in recent years been recommended as a roborant and systemic bactericide in tuberculosis, typhoid fever, neuras- thenia, etc. Dose, by mouth, 1 to 5 grains daily, as pills; used also subcutaneously. — Mfr.: Vial, Paris, France; agts.: E. Fougera & Co., New York. GLYCOGENAL is a substance closely related to glyco- gen, and occurring as a yellow powder soluble in water, and employed the same way as glycogen. Dose, per os, 4 to 8 grains twice daily; subcutaneously, 1 grain; by rectal injection, up to 30 grains with about 8 grains of ammonium carbonate. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. GLYCONDA is "a concentrated, sugarless neutralizing cordial" which is said to be the original of the National Formulary compound syrup of rhubarb and potassium. — Mfrs.: Lloyd Bros., Cincinnati, Ohio. GLYCONES are parafnn-coated glycerin suppositories supplied in adult and in infant sizes. — Mfrs.: Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapolis, Ind. GLYCOPHENIN is a brand of saccharin. GLYCOSAL is the trade name for salicylic acid glycerin ester or ether, also known as glycerin salicylate, C tf H 4 OH.- COO.C 3 H 5 (OH) 2 . The article forms a white powder readily soluble in alcohol, soluble in 100 parts of water, and mod- erately soluble in ether or chloroform, while being miscible with glycerin; alkalies and their carbonates reaaily sapon- ify it. It is employed internally in place of sodium sali- cylate; also externally as 20 per cent, alcoholic solution applied as a paint in articular rheumatism. Dose, 2 to 3 drams daily.— Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. GLYCOSINE is a brand of saccharin, claimed to be 550 126 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA times as sweet as cane sugar. Marketed by Fries Bros., New York. GLYCOZONE is defined by the makers as "a peculiar chemical compound * * * resulting from the reaction which takes place when chemically pure glycerin is sub- mitted to the action of fifteen times its own volume of nascent oxygen * * * at a temperature of 0° C." Its composition is given as 5 to 7 per cent, of glyceric acid, 88 to 91 per cent, of double distilled glycerin, plus a small proportion of glycerides and water. It is used externally undiluted as a disinfectant vulnerary, and internally as an antizymotic. Dose, 1 to 2 fluid drams. — Mfrs. : Brevet Mfg. Co., New York. GLYKAOLIN is a product analogous to the official cata- plasma kaolini; "a compound of aluminium silicate, salol, and glycerin." Supplied also as picrated glykaolin. Mfrs.: John Wyeth & Bro., Philadelphia, Pa. GOLD COLLOIDAL.— See collaurin. GOMENOL is the essential oil of melaleuca viridiflora, and hence closely analogous to oil of cajuput. It is used internally, chiefly in phthisis and bronchial or laryngeal affections; externally, by inhalation or spray (10 to 50 per cent, strength), in respiratory ailments. Dose, 4 to 8 minims several times daily, in capsules or syrup. Mar- keted also as 0.5-gram capsules. — Mfrs.: Schimmel & Co., Miltitz, Germ.; agts.: Fritzsche Bros., New York. GONOSAN, also known as kawa santal, is a 20-per-cent. solution of resin of kava kava in East India oil of sandal- wood. It is marketed only as 0.3-gram capsules, 2 to 4 of which are given several times daily in gonorrhea. — Mfrs.: Riedel & Co., Berlin (Germ.) and New York. GONOSTYLI is the collective trade name for Unna's paste pencils composed of water, starch, sugar, dextrin, and a remedial agent. The gonostyli are hard but soluble in water. They are made containing the following remedial agents: Aloargin, 0.75 per cent.; silver nitrate, 0.2 to 2 per cent.; argonin, 1 per cent.; ichthargan, 0.1 to 0.5 per cent.; protargol, 0.2 per cent.; zinc sulphate, 0.5 per cent. — Mfrs.: P. Beiersdorff & Co., Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. GORIT is described under calcium peroxide. GRAMINOL (graminin) is a polyvalent dry serum ob- tained from the blood of herbivorous animals during the flowering season of gramineaa (grasses). It is a hay-fever antitoxin, used as a prophylactic and palliative. For the former purpose it is snuffed up once or twice daily for one or two weeks before the expected attack; during the attack it is used every four to six hours, and when going out it is used hourly. On the eye it is used as a powder, or it is made into a liquid with distilled water or physio- logical salt solution. — Mfrs.: Serum Laboratory Reute Enoch, Hamburg, Germ. GRAVIDIN is the name applied to a fluid extract of THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 12? fresh fucus senates. The article is used especially in the vomiting of pregnancy. Dose, 10 drops every two hours. GUACAMPHOL is the terse name for guaiacol cam- phoric acid ester or guaiacol camphorate, C 8 H 14 (COO.C 9 H 4 .- O.CH g )j. The drug occurs as white needles without odoi or taste; insoluble in water, moderately soluble in alcohol or chloroform. It is employed as an antihydrotic. Dose s 3 to 15 grains. — Mfr.: Dr. G. P. Henning, Berlin, Germ. GUAETHOL, chemically pyrocatechin monoethyl ether or guaiacoJ-ethyl, C 6 H 4 .OC 2 H 5 OH, is known also as wthacol, ajakol, homo-cresol, and thanatol; a nearly colorless, oily liquid of aromatic odor and crystallizing in the cold, and soluble in alcohol, ether or chloroform. It is intended as a succedaneum for guaiacol. Dose, 4 to 8 minims several times a day, in pills. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. GUAIACACODYL is a trade name for guaicacol cacody late. GUAIACODEINE (codeine orthoguaiacolsulphonate) oc- curs as a white, odorless, crystalline powder or as cubical crystals, soluble in about 95 parts of water and 450 parts of alcohol; slightly soluble in chloroform and insoluble in ether. It contains 59.44 per cent, of anhydrous codeine.— Mfrs.: N. Y. Quinine & Chem. Works, New York; agts.: McKesson & Robbins, New York. GUAIACOL BENBOATE is better known by the trade name benzosol, under which it is described. GUAIACOL BENZYL ESTER.— See oenzcain. GUAIACOL CACODYLATE ( cacody liacol) occurs as white or reddish-white crystals, soluble in water, alcohol., glycerin or oil, insoluble in ether, and of pungent taste. It is used subcutaneously in oily solution in tuberculosis. Dose, y 2 to grain. — Mfrs.: E. Merck and others. GUAIACOL CAMPHORIC ACID ESTER is described under guacamphol. GUAIACOL CARBONATE, also known by the trade name duotal, (C 6 H 4 OCH 8 ) 2 .C0 3 , is now official and as such well known to pharmacists and physicians. GUAIACOL CINNAMATE— See styracol. GUAIACOL ETHYLENE, CH 3 O.C e H 4 O.C 2 H.40C 6 H 4 OCH, occurs as colorless needles that are sparingly soluble Id water but easily so in alcohol. It is prescribed in phthisis, like other guaiacol compounds. Dose, 7% to 15 grains two or three times daily. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. GUAIACOL-FORMALDEHYDE is referred to undei methylene-diguaiacol. GUAIACOL-ETHYL.— See guaethol. GUAIACOL GLYCERYL ESTER is guaiamar. GUAIACOL-HEMOCOLADE.— See guaiacolade. GUAIACOI^IODOPORM is described as a solution of 1 part of iodoform in 4 parts of guaiacol and 1 part oi almond oil; a reddish-brown, thick fluid, used diluted with 128 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 16 parts of olive oil by French physicians by injection in surgical tuberculosis and pleurisy — 3 c.c. of the dilution per dose. GUAIACOL METHYLGLYCOLATE.— See monotal. GUAIACOL PHOSPHATE (phosphoric acid guaiacyl ether J, (C 3 H 4 COOCH 3 ) 3 PO, occurs as a white powder sol- uble in alcohol or chloroform but insoluble in water. It is an antitubercular. Dose, iy 2 to 3 grains three times a day. GUAIACOL PIPERIDINE.— See guaiaperol. GUAIACOL SALICYLATE (guaiacol salol; guaiacol salicylate), C 6 H 4 OCH 3 .C 7 H 5 3 , forms a white, tasteless crys- talline powder of salol-like odor and soluble in alcohol, ether and chloroform but insoluble in water. It is used as an antitubercular and intestinal disinfectant. Dose, 15 grains several times daily, up to 2% drams per day. — Mfrs.: Von Heyden, Radebeul, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co. and Schering & Glatz, New York. GUAIACOL-SOMATOSE.— See under guaiacose. GUAIACOL TANNO-CINNAMATE.— See guatannol. GUAIACOL VALERATE is described under its trade name, geosote. GUAIACOLIN is another of the recently introduced syrups of potassium guaiacosulphonate or sulphoguaiaco- iate, containing 5 per cent, of the latter. GUAIACOSE is the trade name adopted for liquid guaia- col-somatose, containing 8 per cent, of calcium guaiacol- sulphonate, and occurring as a dark-brown liquid miscible with water. It is offered as an expectorant, antiseptic and alterative, as well as a tonic and nutrient. Dose, 3 to 4 teaspoonfuls per day. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. GUAIACYL or gajacyl is calcium ortha-guaiacolsulpho- nate, (C 6 H 3 [OH].[OCH 3 ]S0 3 ) 2 .Ca; a bluish-gray powder sol- uble in water or in alcohol. Its 5-per-cent. aqueous solu- tion is violet-red, and is used hypodermically in quantities of 8 to 24 minims as a local anesthetic. Sometimes a 10- per-cent. solution is employed. GUAIAFORM (geoform) is referred to under methylene- diguaiacol. — Mfr.: Dr. G. F. Henning, Berlin, Germ. GUAIALIN is defined as the "benzoic acid ester of methylene-diguaiacol, the empiric formula of which is C M H 18 4 ." It occurs as an odorless, nearly tasteless, green- ish powder, ccntaining about 60 per cent, of guaiacol. It is employed as an internal antiseptic and antitubercular. Dose, 10 to 30 grains. See caution under formaldehyde. — Mfr.: Organic Chem. Co., Fort Washington, Pa. GUAIAMAR is the trade name for guaiacol glyceryl ester or glyceryl guaiacolate. CeH 4 .OCH 3 .OC 3 H 7 2 . The drug occurs as a white powder of bitter-aromatic taste; soluble in 20 parts of water, in alcohol, chloroform, or ether; de- composed by alkalies. It is prescribed as an intestinal antiseptic and antitubercular; occasionally in 25-per-cent. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 129 ointment in acute articular rheumatism. Dose, 3 to 15 grains. — Mfrs.: Mallinckrodt Chem. Works, St. Louis, Mo. GUAIAPEROL or guaiaperon is a trade name applied to guaiacol-piperidine or piperidine guaiacolate, C 5 H u NH.OH.- C 6 H 4 .OCH 3 . The medicament occurs as colorless crystals that are soluble in about 30 parts of water, soluble also in alcohol or ether, and decomposed by acids or alkalies. It is used chiefly in phthisis. Dose, 2 to 5 grains several times a day. GUAIAQUIN (quinine diguaiacolsulphonate) is a yellow, bitter, slightly hygroscopic powder or small lumps soluble in water, alcohol or diluted acids. It is prescribed as an antipyretic and antiperiodic. Dose, 2 to 10 grains. — Mfrs.: N. Y. Quinine & Chem. Works, New York; agts.: Mc- Kesson & Robbins, New York. GUAIAQUINOL or guaiakinol or gajachinol is chemi- cally quinine dibromoguaiacolate, C 6 H 2 Br 2 (OCH 3 )OCH 20 H 24 - N 2 2 , a substance freely soluble in water and combining the therapeutic properties of quinine, bromine and guaiacol and hence used as an antipyretic, sedative and antituber- cular. Dose, 8 to 20 grains. GUIPSINE is "a new vegetable hypotensive agent repre- senting the active principles of mistletoe/' used in arterio- sclerosis, vertigo, climacteric disturbances, etc. It is mar- keted only in pills, 6 to 10 of which are taken per day, between meals. — Agt.: Geo. J. Wallau, New York. GUAJACETIN is the trade name for sodium pyro (brenz) catechin-monoacetate or sodium phenone acetate, C a H 4 .OH.OCH 2 COONa. The remedy occurs as a white, odor- less, slightly bitter powder which is soluble in 30 parts of water. It is employed in phthisis. Dose, 7% to 15 grains. — Mfrs.: Drs. Von Gember and Fehlhaber, Weissensee, Germ.; agts.: Fuerst Bros., New York. GUJASANOL is the hydrochloride of diethylglycocoll- guaiacol, C e H 4 .OCH 3 O.CO.CH 2 .N.(C 2 H 6 ) 2 .HCl, occurring as white crystals of faint guaiacol odor and a salty, bitter taste, soluble in about 1 part of water, about 32 parts of alcohol, and insoluble in ether. It is used in tuberculosis mainly, but to some extent locally as an antiseptic and de- odorant in 1 to 2 per cent, solutions. Dose, 15 to 45 grains, in wafers, or subcutaneously in 20 per cent, solution. In- compatible with alkalies. — Mfrs.: Farbwerke, Hoechst-on- M., Germ.; agts.: V. Koechl & Co., New York. GUYCOSE is the name applied in England to guaiacose (guaiacol somatose). GYNOVAL is defined as the isoborneol ester of isovaleric acid. It occurs as a colorless, neutral liquid having a peculiar aromatic odor and a faintly oily taste. It is very sparingly soluble in water but readily soluble in the other ordinary organic solvents. It is offered as a substitute for the customary valerian preparations. Marketed in pearls «ach containing 4 grains. Dose, 2 pearls two to four times 130 THE MODEEN MATERIA MEDIC A daily, after meals. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. GYSSOPLASMA is a preparation similar to the official cataplasm of kaolin. H H^E compounds. — See he. HAIMOGEN is a medicinal cacao containing 2% per cent, of soluble iron, lecithin, albumin and nutritive salts. It is used as a chalybeate nutritive. — Mfr.: Hess. Apotheke V, Germany. HARDIELLA is a disinfectant similar in composition to the official solution cresol compound. — Mfrs.: Nahnsen Bros., Hamburg, Germ. HEBESIN is a dermatologic specialty exploited as a wrinkle-remover and skin-rejuvenator. According to Dr. Aufrecht, it consists essentially of casein 15 parts, pow- dered alum 8 parts, talcum 4 parts, glycerin 4 parts, and rosewater 70 parts. — Mfr.: E. A. Weidemann, Liebenburg, Germ. HECTARGYRE is described as a compound of hectine and mercury, and is employed as an antiluetic hypoder- mically. Dose, 20 to 30 drops of a 1/10-per-cent. solution daily. HECTINE is defined as sodium benzo-sulphopara-amino- pheny Jar senate. It fcrms long, colorless needles that are readily soluble in water, and its solutions may be sterilized by heat and are stable. It is offered as a less toxic suc- cedaneum for atoxyl. Dose, 1 c.c. of a 1/10-per-cent. solu- tion, usually hypodermically. See caution under sodium arsanilate or soamin. HEDIOSIT is the trade name applied to alphaglycohep- tonic acid lactone, C 7 H 12 7 . Hydrocyanic acid is caused to act upon glucose and the resulting nitrile saponified, whereby it is readily converted into alpha- and betaglyco- heptonic -acids; these are separated by a patented process, and by abstraction of water the lactone of the alpha modi- fication is produced. The article occurs as glistening crys- tals melting between 145° and 148° C, readily soluble in water, sparingly soluble in water, and insoluble in ether. It is intended as a sweetener of the food in diabetic pa- tients, and is said to be completely absorbed and harm- less, and as a rule diminishing glycosuria. Dose, up to 1 ounce per day. — Mfrs.: Meister, Lucius & Briining, Hoechst-on-M., Germ.; agts.: V. Koechl & Co., New York. HEGONON is obtained by treating silver ammonium nitrate with albumose. It occurs as a light-brown powder readily soluble in water, and containing about 7 per cent, of silver. Its solutions do not coagulate albumin, nor are they precipitated by sodium chloride. It is used as a sub- stitute for silver nitrate; for urethral injections, in ^4 -per- THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 131 cent, solution; for irrigation, in from 1:6000 to 1:2000 solutions. Its solutions should be dispensed in black or dark-amber bottles. — Mfr.: E. Schering, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. HEDONAL (methylpropylcarbinol-ur ethane), C„H 13 2 N, occurs as a white powder sparingly soluble in water but readily soluble in the remaining organic solvents, and of faint aromatic odor and taste. It is incompatible with alkalies and their carbonates and bicarbonates. It is pre- scribed as a mild hypnotic. Dose, 15 to 30 grains. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. HELCOSOL is described under bismuth pyrogallate. HELGOTAN is a methylene-tannin compound analogous to tannoform and used similarly. A helgotan bromated is also made. — Mfr.: Dr. A. Voswinkel, Berlin, Germ. HELKOMEN is bismuth dibrom-beta-oxynaphtholate, and is exploited as a substitute for iodoform. It occurs as a yellow, odorless, insoluble powder, containing about 73 per cent, of metallic bismuth and 19.5 per cent, of bromine. — Mfr.: Gideon Richter, Budapest, Hung.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. HELMITOL is hexamethylenetetramine anhydro-methyl- enecitrate, C 6 H 8 7 (CH 2 ) 6 N 4 , forming colorless crystals or white powder having an agreeable acidulous taste, soluble in about 10 parts of water, almost insoluble in alcohol and ether. It is used as a urinary disinfectant and acidifier. Dose, 10 to 15 grains three or four times daily, in water. Acids slowly decompose it, alkalies very easily so, with the formation of formaldehyde. Helmitol is identical with new urotropin. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elber- feld (Germ.) and New York. HELOGOTANUM BROMATUM is a brominated tannin- methylenamine, containing about 20 per cent, of bromine, and occurring as a yellowish-brown, odorless and tasteless powder. It is employed as an astringent and antipruritic, either as powder or as ointment. HEMABALOIDS is a ferruginous tonic said to contain in each 100 c.c. 0.4 gram of iron combined with proteins and nucleoproteins 4 grams, bone marrow extract 5 grams, and nuclein 0.04 gram, in a menstruum containing 17 per cent, of alcohol by volume. Dose, % fluidounce, children in pro- portion. Hemalbuminoids arseniated with strychnine con- tains the equivalent of 1/40 grain of arsenous acid and 1/80 grain of strychnine to teach tablespoonful. — Mfrs.: Palisade Mfg. Co., Yonkers, N. Y. HEMALBUMIN (Dahmen) is an iron compound pre- pared from blood, consisting of hematin, hemoglobin, serous albumin and paraglobulin, together with the min- eral salts of blood. It occurs as a blackish-brown powder of cinnamon odor and soluble in hot water and diluted alcohol. It is used as a blood builder. Dose, 15 to 30 132 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA grains thrice daily. — Mfr.: F. W. Klewer, Cologne, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. HEMARTOL is an iron preparation similar to hemato- gen and used like the latter. — Mfr.: Apotheker A. Miiller, Kreuznach, Germ. HEMATACID is a preparation analogous to hemalbumin. — Mfr.: Root. Harras, Augsburg, Germ. HEMATIN-ALBUMIN is a ferruginous albumin prepa- ration consisting of dried blood-fibrin. It occurs as a fine, brownish-red, tasteless and odorless powder. It is given as a hematinic. Dose, 1 to 2 small teaspoonfuls three times daily, in milk or water. — Mfr.: Apotheker Benzon, Copenhagen, Denmark. HEMATOGEN (Hommel) is essentially germ-free evap- orated blood obtained by a very tedious process. It is marketed only as an elixir containing in each pint 4 oz. of glycerin and 2 oz. of Malaga wine. It is intended as a "blood-builder." Dose, a teaspoonful to a tablespoonful two or three times a day before meals. — Mfrs.: Nicolay & Co., Hanau, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. HEMATONIC is a hematinic each fluid ounce of which represents 40 grains of iron albuminate. Dose, a teaspoon- ful.— Mfrs.: Tilden Co., New Lebanon, N. Y. HEMATOPAN is an analogue of hematogen, which see. — Mfrs.: Sudbracker Nahrmittelwerke, Bielefeld, Germ. HEMICRANIN is a mixture of 5 parts of phenacetin, 1 caffeine, and 1 citric acid, and used as an analgesic and dental obtundent. Dose, 10 to 15 grains. Large doses have been given in jaundice. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. HEMINAL is a "blood-iron albuminate, free from fibrin, urea, and all excretory products, and containing 0.25 to 0.3 per cent, of metallic iron in soluble and assimilable form"; a dark-brown powder of faintly acid taste. Dose, 5 to 15 grains thrice daily, in capsule or warm water. — Mfrs. : Parwe, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. HEMOFERRUM is an aromatic solution containing 4 grains of oxyhemoglobin to the teaspoonful. It is intended as a "blood-builder." Dose, 1 to 2 teaspoonfuls thrice daily. — Mfrs.: F. K. Stearns & Co., Detroit, Mich. HEMOFORM is the name given by Libbertz to his hematogen, a reddish-brown powder soluble on stirring in water, and marketed in dry, inspissated and liquid forms. — Mfr.: Apotheker Libbertz, Hamburg, Germ. HEMOGALLOL is derived from hemoglobin by reduction with pyrogallol, and occurs as a reddish-brown, insoluble powder. It is prescribed as an assimilable organic iron compound. Dose, 4 to 8 grains before meals, in powders with sugar, or as 4-grain tablets (marketed also as such). — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. HEMOGLOBIN fhematocrystalline) is the red coloring matter of blood. It occurs as a brownish-red powder or THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 133 scales, soluble in water. It is employed as a hematinic. Dose, 5 to 30 grains. — (Nonproprietary.) HEMOL is hemoglobin deoxidized by zinc; a dark-brown insoluble powder employed as a "blood-builder" in doses of 2 to 8 grains. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. HEMOL, ARSENATED — See arsenhemol. HEMOL. BROMIDE is described under bromohemol. HEMOL, CUPRATED — See cuprohemol. HEMOL, IODIZED, is referred to under iodohemol. HEMOQUININE is said to contain in each 100 c.c. iron peptonate 7.2 grams, manganese peptonate 1.8 grams, qui- nine peptonate 1 gram (equivalent to 0.5 gram of quinine sulphate), and sodium arsenate 0.266 gram, in a men- struum containing 20 per cent, of alcohol with glycerin and aromatics. It is offered as a hematinic and alter- ative. Dose, 2 fluid drams. — Mfrs.: Schieffelin & Co., New York. HEMOSE is dried, pepsinized and hydrochlorated blood- albumin; a light reddish-brown, almost odorless and taste- less powder, soluble in alkaline solutions. It contains 0.286 per cent, of iron, 0.17 per cent, of phosphoric acid, besides the natural constituents of blood. Dose, a tea- spoonful two or three times daily, in cold milk; hot liquids must be avoided. — Mfr.: Dr. Herman Stern, Berlin, Germ. HEMOSTASIN is a brand of the active principle of the suprarenal capsule, an article described under the title epinephrine. — Mfrs.: Schweitzerisches Serum- und Impf. Institut, Basle, Switzerland. HEMOSTATIN of this market is a 1:1000 solution of the active constituent of the suprarenal gland. (See note under epinephrine.) Abroad the name applies to a tri- brom-phenol-Msmuth like xeroform but containing less bromine. — Mfrs.: H. K. Wampole Co., Philadelphia, Pa. HEMOSTYPTIC (Briininghausen) is a fluid extract of a mixture of two parts of ergot and one part of golden seal, prepared with alcohol, ether and glycerin, in vacuo under pressure. It contains 2.6 per cent, of total alkaloid, and is given as an internal hemostatic in the dose of 30 drops four times daily. — Mfrs.: Engel-Apotheke, Cologne, Germ. HEPATIX is a diuretic mixture: "each fluid ounce rep- resents hepatica 64 grains, epigsea repens 48 grains, potas- sium nitrate 16 grains, oil gaultheria 16 minims, spirit juniper and aromatics q. s." — Mfr.: Norwich Pharmacal Co., Norwich, N. Y. HEPATONE is a granular effervescent sodium phosphate containing 50 per cent, of crystalline sodium phosphate and % grain of phenoiphthalein per dram. Dose, 2 to 4 drams. — Mfr.: H. K. Mulford Co., Pniladelphia, Pa. HEPIN is a ferment or catalase obtained from livers, 0.075 c.c. of which can generate 1 liter of oxygen from 100 c.c. of official solution of hydrogen dioxide. It is used 134 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA for preparing hepin oxygen-baths. — Mfrs.: Behring Works, Marbourg, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. HEPPTINE is defined as being the pure physiologic gastric juice of living pigs as obtained by Dr. Maurice Hepp. — Dispensers: Laboratories of Applied Physiology, New York. HERARD'S SERUM.— See serums artificial. HERMOPHENYL is the name adopted for mercury- sodium phenolclisulphonaie, C 6 H 3 .OHg(S0 3 Na) 2 , which oc- curs as a white powder containing about 40 per cent, of mercury; soluble in 5 parts of water, and insoluble in alco- hol. It is used as an antiseptic, in 0.1 to 2 per cent, solu- tions, and internally and by intramuscular injection in syphilis. Dose, by mouth, % to % grain thrice daily; in injection, 30 to 60 minims of a 1-per-cent. solution once a day. — Mfrs.: Soc. Anonyme des Produits Chim. Specieux, Lyons, France. HEROIN and HEROIN HYDROCHLORIDE are trade names for acetyl-morphine and its hydrochloride, respect- ively. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. HEROLINE is a 33%-per-cent. emulsion of petrolatum, containing besides in each fluid ounce heroin hydrochlo- ride 1/16 grain, calcium hypophosphite 8 grains, and ^sodium hypophosphite 8 grains. It is used mainly in phthisis and chronic bronchitis. — Mfrs.: English & Mc- Larty, Charlotte, N. C. HEROMAL is a tonic and cough sedative each dose (2 fluid drams) of which contains 1/48 grain of heroin and % grain of sodium hypophosphite, in a menstruum of malt extract with 6 per cent, of alcohol. — Mfrs.: Schieffelin & Co., New York. HEROTERPINE is a cough sedative and anticatarrhal each dose (2 fluid drams) of which contains terpin hydrate 2 grains and heroin 1/24 grain, in a menstruum containing 32 per cent, of alcohol with glycerin and aromatic essen- tial oils.— Mfrs.: Schieffelin & Co., New York. HETOCRESOL is cinnamyl-meta-cresol or meta-cresol cinnamic acid ester, and occurs as a white to yellowish powder, insoluble in water but soluble in chloroform, ether or hot alcohol. It is used locally in surgical tuberculosis, as dusting-powder, or as ethereal spray with or without iodole or iodoform. — Mfrs.: Kalle & Co., Biebrich, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. HETOFORM is bismuth cinnamate, which see. HETOL is a trade name for the chemical sodium cinna- mate. — Mfrs.: Kalle & Co., Biebrich, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. HETOL-SANGUINAL pills contain besides sanguinal 1 milligram of hetol (sodium cinnamate) each, and are used in tuberculosis — 1 gradually increased to 6 daily — Mfrs.: Krewel & Co., Cologne, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 135 HETRALIN is the trade name applied to dioxy benzene- he xamethylenetetr amine or resorcin-hexamethylenetetra- mine, C e H 4 (OH) 2 .(CH 2 ) 6 N 4 , which occurs as white, per- manent needles that are soluble in 14 parts of water and contain 60 per cent, of hexamethylenamine (urotropin, formin, etc.). Dr. R. Ledermann introduced the article as a urinary disinfectant like hexamethylenamine. Dose, 8 grains three or four times a day. See caution under for- maldehyde. — Mfrs.: Chas. Zimmermann & Co., Hamburg, Germ. HEXAMECOL is a molecular combination of hexa- methylenamine and guaiacol, containing about 65 per cent, of guaiacol, and occurring as colorless, long, shining needles that are soluble in 25 parts of water and soluble also in alcohol or chloroform. It is used by inunction as a. succedaneum for liquid guaiacol in all its local uses (antipyretic and anodyne); it is rapidly absorbed. — Mfrs.: Hoffmann-La Roche Chem. Works, Basle (Switzerland) and New York. HEXAMETHYLENAMINE (hexamethylenetetr amine) Is official in the U. S. P. It is also known by various trade names — aminoform, ammonio-formaldehyde, cysta- mine, cystogen, formin, hexamine, uristamine, uritone, urotropin, etc. See caution under formaldehyde. HEXAMETHYLENAMINE ANHYDRO-METHYLENE CITRATE is better known as helmitol and new urotropin, and is described under the former title. HEXAMETHYLENAMINE BROMETHYLATE is a syn- onym for oromalin; see this title. HEXAMETHYLENAMINE SALICYLATE. —See sali- formin. HEXAMETHENAMINE-TANNIN.— See tannopine. HEXAMETHYLENAMINE TRIBORATE— See borOver- tin. HEXAMETHYLENAMINE AND SODIUM ACETATE.— See cystopurin. HEXAMINE is one of the numerous trade names for hexamethylenamine. — Mfrs.: Larner & Barker, Syracuse, N. Y. HEXAQUINOL (hexachinol) is hexamethylenamine oxy- quinolate, and is intended chiefly for use in the treatment of gonorrhea. Marketed by Parmele Pharmacal Co., New York. HEXOS is a name applied to capsules containing hexa- methylenamine 2 grains, copaiba 3 minims, oleoresin saw palmetto 3 minims, oil sandalwood 3 minims, oleoresin cubeb 3 minims, oil nutmeg % grain, and olive oil q. s. The article is used as a genitourinary antiseptic and anti- phlogistic. Dose, 1 lto 2 capsules three times daily. — Mfr.: H. K. Mulford Co., Philadelphia, Pa. HIPPOL is what A. Nicolaier, the introducer of uro- tropin, calls acid methylene-hippuric, which product is, however, not really an acid, but probably an ester of hip- 136 THE MODERN MATERIA MED1CA puric acid, of the constitution C H B .CO.N: (CH 2 ) 2 .CQ.O. It forms colorless, odorless and tasteless prisms soluble in about 500 parts of water and readily soluble in chloroform. It is used as an urinary disinfectant, readily splitting off formaldehyde in the system. Dose, 15 to 30 grains three or four times daily. See caution under formaldehyde. — Mfr.: E. Schering, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. HIRUDIN is a preparation of the leech, said to contain the constituent of leeches' heads that inhibits coagulation of the blood, 1 milligram of which suffices to render 7.5 c.c. of blood incoagulable for twenty-four hours, without affecting its composition. It occurs as brown scales or masses, soluble in water but insoluble in alcohol or ether. It is used intravenously in certain diseases of women, gen- erally 3 to 5 grains dissolved in 500 c.c. of physiologic salt solution; also technically. — Mfrs.: E. Sachsse & Co., Leip- sic, Germ.; agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., New York. HISTOGENOL is a mixture of 5 parts of disodium methylarsenate and 20 parts of nucleinic acid derived from herrings. It is used by French physicians in tuberculosis. Marketed as ampoules, drops, elixir, etc. — Mfr.: Dr. A. Mouneyrat, Paris, France; agts.: E. Fougera & Co., New York. HISTOSAN is an antitubercular the chief constituent of which is a guaiacol-albumin compound designated as tri- guaiacol albuminate. It is insoluble in water or alcohol but soluble in alkali solutions. Dose, 4 to 8 grains. Mar- keted also as Tiistosan syrup. — Mfrs. : Fabrik Chem & Diat.- Produkte, Schaffhausen, Switzerland; agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. HOLADIN is described as "an extract of the entire pan- creas. It presents all the constituents of the gland, the activated enzymes and cell substance. While possessing great tryptic activity, it is of special potency in respect to the amylolytic and lipolytic enzymes." It occurs as a grayish-white, slightly aromatized, somewhat hygroscopic powder, freely but not wholly soluble in water. Holadin digests starch and proteids and emulsifies fats, and is hence used as a general digestant. It is furnished only in 3-grain capsules. Dose, 1 to 3 capsules about three hours after meals and at bedtime. — Mfrs.: Fairchild Bros. & Foster, New York, N. Y. HOLOCAIN (phenetidyl acetphenetidin or dieth-oxy- ettienyl'diphenyl-amidine hydrochloride), C 18 H 22 N 2 3 .HC1. occurs as a white, odorless, bitter powder, soluble in 50 parts of hot water, and freely soluble in alcohol. It is used as a local anesthetic, like cocaine, chiefly on the eye (1 per cent, solution) ; it should not be used hypodermically or internally. It is extremely sensitive to alkalies, hence its solutions should be made in porcelain capsules and kept in porcelain containers or in bottles that have been treated with hydrochloric or sulphuric acid (to remove THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 137 the alkali present in the glass as far as possible) and thor- oughly rinsed in distilled water; only distilled water should be used. — Mfrs.: Meister, Lucius & Bnining, Hoechst-on-M., Germ.; agts.: V. Koechl & Co., New York. HOMOCRESOL is a synonym of gwethol; see this title. HONTHIN is a keratinized tannin albuminate used as an intestinal astringent; a grayish-brown, odorless, taste- less, insoluble powder, slowly decomposed by alkalies. Dose, 15 to 30 grains several times daily. — Mfrs.: G. Hell & Co., Troppau, Austria. HOPOGAN is the German equivalent of oiogen. — Mfrs.: Kirchoff & Neirath, Berlin N, Germany. HORMONAL (peristaltic hormone Zuelzer) is a liquid ex- tract obtained from the spleen of an animal killed at the height of digestion. It is employed by intramuscular or by intravenous injection as a cathartic. Dcse, 20 c.c. The article intended for intramuscular use is put up in brown bottles each containing 20 c.c. admixed with *4 per cent, of beta-eucaine hydrochloride and 0.4 per cent, of trikresol as preservative. The hormonal designed for intravenous injection is furnished in blue vials, and is used chiefly in cases of intestinal paresis and post-operative ileus. — Mfrs.: E. Schering, Berlin (Germ.) ; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. HOWELL'S SERUM.— See under serums artificial. HORMONES is the collective name applied to the activ- ating principles contained in the organs and gluctless glands and their internal secretions. HUX-SAL is described as "a double salt, partially a chemical combination and partially a mechanical mixture of antiseptic materials, which in 2 per cent, solution is equal to mercury bichloride as a germicide." — Mfrs.: An- glo-Amer. Pharm. Co., New York; agts.: E. Fougera & Co., New York. "Hy."— See hyperideal 606. HYCOL is described as a "diluted tar product containing 38 per cent, of phenoloids. ,, It is a disinfectant of the creo- lin class. — Mfrs.: Pearson's Antiseptic Co., London, Eng. HYDRACETIN— See acetylphenylhydrazin. HYDRAGOGIN is a vegetable diuretic consisting of "tincture of digitalis 1.5 parts, tincture of strophanthus 2.5 parts, scillipicrin and scillitoxin, the active principles of squill, and 0.5 part of oxysaponin;" a dark-brownish liquid which foams on being shaken. Dose, 7 to 15 drops every three or four hours, in sweetened water. — Mfr.: Karl Raspe, Weissensee, Germ.; agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. HYDRARGOL is a trade name for mercury succinimide, marketed in tubes containing 1 c.c. of solution correspond- ing to 7 milligrams of metallic mercury. The article is said to cause no pain when injected intramuscularly. — Mfrs.: Tardieu & Co., Paris, France. HYDRARGOLENT is the collective name adopted for 138 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA soft capsules of mercurial ointment 50 per cent, and 33% per cent., containing 3, 4 and 5 grams each of either strength ointment. These caapsules are intended as a cleanly and convenient means of carrying out the inunc- tion treatment of syphilis. HYDRARGOTIN is a brand name for mercury tannate. — Mfrs.: G. Hell & Co., Troppau, Austria. HYDRARGYROL is mercury para-phenolsulphonate C 8 H 4 .OH.S0 3 Hg; reddish scales, of peppermint odor and soluble in water and glycerin. It does not react with the ordinary tests for mercury or phenol nor coagulate albi> min. It is intended as a substitute for corrosive sublimate. HYDRARSAN is a mixture of phenacetin 10 grains, mer- curic chloride y s grain, arsenic chloride 1/10 grain, and potassium iodide 5 grains. This constitutes the ordinary dose in syphilis, and is usually given in solution, combined with tincfeure of cinchoma. HYDRASTINE, C 21 H 21 N 6 , is the white alkaloid of hy- drastis canadensis (golden seal), now official. HYDRASTININE BITARTRATE is a new salt of hy- drastinine, employed as a uterine hemostatic in doses of y 2 to 1 grain. — (Nonproprietary.) HYDRO-CRESOL is a product similar to lysol and the official liquor cresolis compositus. It is said to contain 51 per cent, of the natural mixture of the three isomeric cresols. — Mfrs.: White Tar Co., New York. HYDRON is a chalybeate and bitter tonic, each fluid ounce of which represents fluid hydrastis 24 minims, iron N \ glycerophosphate 4 grains, fluid extract collinsonia (green root) 24 minims, fluid extract avena sativa 30 minims, com- bined with wine. Dose, 1 to 2 fluid drams. — Mfrs.: Wm. S. Merrell Chem. Co., Cincinnati, 0. HYDRONAPHTHOL is defined by the makers as "a sec- ondary compound derived from betanaphthol." According to analyses made in the chemical laboratories of the Amer- ican Medical Association, it appears to be betanaphthol it- self. — Mfrs. : Seabury & Johnson, New York. HYDROPYRIN as now marketed is lithium acetyls alicyl- ate, a white, odorless, crystalline powder, soluble in water and containing 96.48 per cent, of acetylsalicylic acid and 3.42 per cent, of lithium. First the sodium salt was so named, but proved too unstable and hence has been with- drawn from the market. It is a soluble form of aspirin, used in the same doses as the latter. — Mfr.: Gideon Rich- ter, Budapest, Hungary; gats.: Lehn & Fink, New York. HYDROQUININE HYDROCHLORIDE contains two more molecules of hydrogen than quinine hydrochloride and crystallizes with 2H 2 0. It is prepared synthetically from quinine. In action 9 grains corresponds to 12 or 15 grains of quinine. HYDROSOL is an aqueous solution of collargol (col- loidal mercury). HYDROPSIN is a compound elixir of squill, said to be THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 139 made by pressing out 100 grams of fresh squill, macerating 20 grams of the juice with 5 grams of ether and 10 grams of 70 per cent, alcohol for three days, distilling off the al- cohol and ether, and mixing 100 grams of the residue with 1,000 grams of purified hone3 r , 50 grams of potassium boro- tartrate and 100 grams of tincture of gentian. HYDROXYCODEINE is a new opium alkaloid. It is a tertiary base, of the formula C 1S H 21 4 N; it melts at 51° C. and forms a hydrobromide, which crystallizes in large prisms. It is slowly soluble in water and the organic sol- vents. HYGIAMA is a dietetic and nutritive composed of milk, malt, wheat flour, cacao and sugar. Dose, a teaspoonful to a tablespoonful, according to age. — Mfr.: Dr. Thein- hardt, Cannstadt, Germ. HYGIEA, exploited for the treatment of leucorrhea, is a solution of zinc sulphate and thymol. HYGIOPON is an iron preparation, made eiectrolytically. It forms a clear greenish-yellow liquid with an acid reac- tion and contains, according to Bischoff, 22 per cent, of fer- rous chloride, 3.6 per cent, of ferric chloride, 2.8 per cent, of sodium chloride and 6.67 per cent, of free hydrochloric acid. The preparation has apparently no advantage over a ferrous chloride solution prepared in the regular way. — Mfrs.: Berliner Electrochemische Werke, Berlin, Germ. HYGROSCOPINE is an antiseptic poultice analogous to the official cataplasm of kaolin and to various other prep- arations of that nature on the market. HYOS-SCO-DEINE is a nerve sedative and analgesic each 5 minims of which contain codeine Ys grain, hyoscya- mine 3/4000 grain, scopolamine 1/500 grain, piperidine 1/2000 grain, pilocarpine 1/ 350 grain, caffeine 1/20 grain, and strychnine nitrate 1/500 grain. Dose, 5 to 30 minims hypodermically or by mouth. — Mfrs.: Combs Chem. Co., St. Louis, Mo. HYOS-SCO-PHINE Tablets contain 1/333 grain of hyos- cyamine, 1/1250 grain of scopolamine, 1/500 grain of pi- peridine, 1/40 grain of pilocarpine and 1/20 grain of caf- feine, together with morphine sulphate in different amounts according to the serial number of the tablet. Tab- let No. 10, for example, contains Y± grain of morphine sul- phate; tablet No. 11, Ys grain; etc. They are used in the treatment of narcotic drug addictions. — Mfrs.: Combs Chem. Co., St. Louis, Mo. HYPERIDEAL 606 was the outcome of further investi- gations by Prof. Ehrlich along the lines that lead to the discovery of salvarsan. It was found to be much less toxic even than the latter, and was called for short "Hy." It is not now on the market, having been superseded by the still further perfected product neosalvarsan. HYPEROL is a compound of hydrogen dioxide (34 per cent.) and urea (65.7 per cent.), to which is added a little citric acid (0.08 per cent.). It is marketed as a crystalline 140 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA powder and in 1-gram tablets. It is intended as a succe- daneum for solution of hydrogen dioxide. Mfr.: Gideon Richter, Budapest, Hung.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. HYPNAL is the terse name for chloral-antipyrin, or monochloral-antipyrin, CCl 8 .CH.(OH) a .C u H ia N a O; colorless crystals, representing 45 per cent, of chloral hydrate and 5 per cent, of antipyrin. It is soluble in about 10 parts of water, and is used as a hypnotic and analgesic. Dose, 15 to 30 grains, one to three times daily. — Mfrs.: Farbwerke, Hoechst-on-M., Germ.; agts.: V. Koechl & Co., New York. HYPNALGINE is an antipyretic and anodyne described by the makers as a coal-tar product, occurring in white, crystalline powder of slightly sweetish taste and soluble. Its chemical composition is not fully stated. Dose, 5 to 15 grains. Marketed also as 5-grain tablets and in combina- tions. HYPNOACETIN is chemically acetophenone-acetyl-para- amidophenol ether, a condensation product of para-acet- amidophenol with phenol and glacial acetic acid. It occurs as shining leaflets readily soluble in water, insoluble in alcohol, and employed as an antipyretic and hypnotic. Dose, 3 to 5 grains. HYPODERMINE is a liquid marketed in sealed glass tubes, each of which contains 0.02 gram of sodium meth- ylarsenate and 0.05 gram of sodium glycerophosphate. It is employed hypodermically, in certain obstinate skin and nervous affections. — Mfrs.: Pharmacie "Freyssinge," Paris, France. HYPNONE (acetophenone, phenyl-methylketone, or benzoyl-methide), C 8 H. 5 .CO.CH 8 , occurs as a colorless, oily liquid, of pungent taste, specific gravity 1.028, and soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, or oils; insoluble in water. It acts as a hypnotic, but is not often prescribed nowa- days. Dose, 2 to 6 minims, in capsules or emulsion. It be- comes crystalline on exposure to a low temperature. — ( Nonproprietary. ) HYPNOVAL is a hypnotic described as being amido- chloral broisovalerate. Further data are wanting. HYRGOFERMENT is a trade name for colloidal mer- cury (known on this market as hyrgol). HYRGOL (colloidal or soluble mercury, mercury colloid) is a nearly black, tasteless substance, quite freely though not completely soluble in water, insoluble in alcohol or ether. It is used as a succedaneum for the mercurials in- ternally as well as by inunction (10 per cent, ointment). Dose, % to % grain thrice daily, in pills; children, 3 to 20 drops of a 1 per cent, solution. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik von Heyden, Radebeul, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. HYSTEROL is a trade name applied to bornyl valerian- ate; see bornyval for properties, etc. — Mfrs.: G. Pohl, Schdnbaum, Germ. THE MODEBU MATERIA MEDICA 141 IAJLON is described as a stable preparation of colloidal silver (collargol) for internal use. It occurs as a brown liquid of a pleasant taste and containing 0.1 per cent, of collargol. Dose, a teaspoonful to a tablespoonful, ac- cording to age, four to six times a day. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik Helfenberg, Helfenberg, Germ.; agts.: C. Reinschild Chem. Co., New York. IATROL is a "combination of iodine with coal tar de- rivatives" introduced as a succedaneum for iodoform as a wound antiseptic; a grayish-white, odorless powder. It is said to be. oxyiodomethylanilid. — Mfrs.: Bristol-Meyers Co., Brooklyn, N. Y. IBIT is chemically bismuth oxyiodotannate ; a greenish- gray, odorless, tasteless, insoluble powder, used like iodo- form as a wound antiseptic. — Marketed by A. Klipstein & Co., New York. IBOGAINE HYDROCHLORIDE, C 52 H 6 6N«0 2 .HC1, is the salt of an alkaloid obtained from the root of iboga taber- nanthe, an apocynea indigenous to the western coast of tropical Africa. It has been recommended by French phy- sicians as a powerful nervine of service in neurasthenia, influenza, cardiac affections, and sleeping sickness. Dose, daily, % to y 2 grain, in dragees or pills. ICHDEN fpiscarol) is defined as ammonium sulphoich- thyolicum Ph. Helv., and claimed to be analogous to ich- thyol. — Mfrs.: Lxidy & Co., Burgdorf, Switzerland. ICHTHALBIN (ichthyol albuminate) is a compound of ichthyol and albumin, 4 parts of which correspond to 3 parts of commercial ichthyol. It occurs as a grayish- brown, odorless, nearly tasteless powder, insoluble in the usual solvents. It is used chiefly as a succedaneum for ichthyol internally, but also as a vulnerary (pure). Dose, 10 to 30 grains two or three times daily. Marketed also as 5-grain tablets. — Mfrs.: Knoll & Co., Ludwigshafen-on-Rh. (Germ.) and New York. ICHTHERMOL (ichthyol-mercury, mercury sulphoich* thyolate) is a dark, odorless powder, insoluble in water and intended as a wound antiseptic as well as internal antisyphilitic. It contains 24 per cent, of mercury. — Mfrs.: Ichthyol Co., Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ICHTHOFERRIN is synonymous with ferrichtol. ICHTHOFORM (ichthyol-formaldehyde ) is a blackish- brown, almost odorless and tasteless, pulverulent, insoluble compound of ichthyol and formaldehyde, used chiefly as an intestinal disinfectant, but to a limited extent as a wound antiseptic. Dose, 15 to 30 grains three or four times a day, in wafers or powders. Applied externally pure or diluted with talcum, etc. (See caution under formaldehyde.) — 142 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA Mfrs.: Ichthyol Co., Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ICHTHOGEN is another product stated to be analogous to ichthyol. ICHTHOLDINE is Mulford's compound glycerite of ich- thyol, an astringent and antiphlogistic, each fluid ounce of which contains ichthyol 4 grains, iodine 1 grain, liquefied phenol 4 minims, hydrastine hydrochloride 1/32 grain, boroglyceride 9 grains, and eucalyptol 1/20 minim." — Mfrs.: H. K. Mulford Co., Philadelphia, Pa. ICHTHORCIN is a compound ointment of ichthyol and resorcin as suggested by Dr. Roswell Park, used as anti- pruritic and antiphlogistic dermic. — Mfrs.: Sharp & Dohme, Baltimore, Md. ICHTHOSULFOL is an analogue of the well-known ich- thyol. — Agt: Julius Schmid, New York. ICHTHYNAT (ammonium ichthynatum) is analogous to ichthyol. — Mfrs.s Hey den Chemical Works, Radebeul-Dres- den (Germ.) and New York; agts.: Maliinckrodt Chem. Works, St. Louis. ICHTHYODIN is a synonym of isaroi, which see. ICHTHYOL is an aqueous solution the solids of which consist largely of the ammonium salts of sulphonic acids, which latter have been prepared by sulphoning the tar- like distillate obtained from bituminous shales found near Seefeld in the Tyrol which contain the fossil remains of fishes. It is not yet completely characterized chemically. It forms a thick, brown, liquid, of bituminous odor and taste. It is completely soluble in water; incompletely soluble in alcohol or ether but nearly soluble in a mixture of equal volumes of alcohol and ether; also soluble in a mixture of equal volumes of alcohol, water and ether. It is miscible with glycerin, oils and fats. It is used mostly in skin diseases and gynecological affections, pure or in 5 to 10 per cent, ointments, paints, etc., and to a small extent also internally in phthisis, rheumatism, etc. (It produces disagreeable eructations). Dose, 3 to 30 minims three times daily, in capsules or pills. Ichthyol gives precipi- tates with metallic salts, acids, and alkaloidal salts, and is decomposed by alkali hydrates and carbonates, and by iodine in ointment form. — Mfrs.: Ichthyol Co., Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ICHTHYOL ALBUMINATE.— See ichthalbin. ICHTHYOL-AMMONIUM is the regular ichthyol of the market. ICHTHYOL-CALCIUM is marketed as "ichthyol tablets," and contains 97.5 per cent, of ichthyol-sulphonic acid and 2.5 per cent, of calcium. ICHTHYOL-FORMALDEHYDE.— See ichthoform. ICHTHYOLIDIN (ichthyol-piperazin, piperazin sulfo- ichthyolate) is a blackish-brov/n powder, of faint tarry odor and bitter, unpleasant taste, and almost insoluble in the usual solvents. It was introduced by Dr. P. Dorn as a THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 143 gout remedy. Dose, 15 grains three or four times daily, in 0.25 gram sugar-coated tablets (so marketed). — Mfrs.: Ichtnyol Co., Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ICHTHYOL-IRON.— See ferrichtol. ICHTHYOL-LITHIUM (lithium ichthyolsulphonate or sulphoichthyolate) is a dark-brown mass thicker than ich- tnyol," and used like it, but more readily made into pills than the latter. — Mfrs.: Ichthyol Co., Hamburg, Germ.; agts. : Merck & Co., New York. ICHTHYOL-MERCURY is described under its trade name ichthermol. ICHTHYOL-PIPERAZIN.— See ichthyolidin. ICHTHYOL-SALICYL is the generic name for three ichthyol mixtures containing respectively 25, 33%, and 50 per cent, of sodium salicylate, and occurring as light- brown to dark-brown hygroscopic powders or masses not clearly soluble in water; they are used in rheumatism, tuberculosis, etc., externally and internally. Dose of 50 per cent., 15 to 30 grains per day. ICHTHYOL- SILVER is better known as ichthargan. ICHTHYOL-SODIUM (sodium ichthyolsulphonate or sulphoichthyolate) is a dark-brown mass thicker than reg- ular ichthyol, and contains about 15 per cent, of sulphur. In action and uses are the same as those of ichthyol, but it can be made into pills more readily and is the article used in the ichthyol pills marketed. — Mfrs.: Ichthyol Co., Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ICHTHAMMON is the name adopted for a German prod- uct purporting to be identical with ichthyol. — Mfr.: F. Reichelt, Breslau, Germ. ICHTHARGAN (ichthyol-silver, silver sulphoichthyolate, silver thiohydrocarburosulphonate) occurs as a brown, odorless, hygroscopic powder, containing about 30 per cent, of silver, and soluble in water, glycerin or diluted alcohol, but insoluble in chloroform or ether. It is used a3 an astringent, antiphlogistic, and bactericide, mostly in 1/5 to 5 per cent, solutions or 1 to 10 per cent, ointments, or pure. Dose, 1/24 to *4 grain, in solution. Its solutions should be dispensed in amber-colored bottles. — Mfrs.: Ich- thyol Co., Hamburg, Germ. ; agts. : Merck & Co., New York. ICHTHARGOL is another brand of silver sulphoichthy- olate, containing 12 per cent, of metallic silver. It occurs as a brown, odorless powder, insoluble in water. It is used like ichthargan. ICHTHYOI^ZINC is the zinc salt of ichthyolsulphonic or sulphoichthyolic acid, with properties analogous to the ammonium salt (regular ichthyol). — Mfrs.: Ichthyol Co., Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ICHTHYOPON is an ammonium sulphoichthyolate (ich- thyol) of the Swiss Pharmacopoeia. — Mfrs.: Liidy & Cie, Burgdorf, Switzerland. 144 THE MODERN MATERIA MED1CA ICHTOSAN is another of the numerous imitations of ichthyol. IODONEEN is denned by its manufacturers as an eque- ous organic solution of iodine containing iy 2 grains of io- dine in each fluid dram. It is used as a substitute for the alkali iodides. It occurs as a dark-red, practically odorless liquid that is clearly miscible with water. Dose, 10 to 60 minims, according to age, thrice daily, in water. — Mfrs.: Iodoneen Chem. Co., Cleveland, O. ILMESOL is a trade name for a brand of neutral oxyqui- noline sulphate, a substance better known under the name chinosol. IMIDO and ERGAMINE are two names applied to a 1:1000 solution of betaimidoazolylethylamine, a recently isolated proximate principle of ergot and chemically a de- rivative of histidine. This substance has an action re- sembling that of epinephrine. The solution is used hypo- dermically. Dose, 15 minims. — Mfrs.: F. Hoffmann-La Roche Chem. Works, Basle (Switz.) and New York. INDOFORM (salicyl-m ethylene acetate) is obtained by the action of formaldehyde upon acetyl-salicylic acid, and occurs as a white powder, of sweetish, astringent taste, sparingly soluble in cold water. In the intestine it is said to liberate formaldehyde, and is intended for use especially in gout, rheumatism, influenza and neuralgias. Marketed as 0.5 gram tablets, 1 to 3 of which are taken thrice daily with meals. See caution under formaldehyde. — Mfr.: Fritz Schultz, Leipsic, Germ. INFUNDIBULIN is another name for pituiglandol. INGLUVIN is said to represent the digestive ferment of the gizzard of the domestic chicken. It is offered as a digestive and gastric sedative. It is marketed as powder and tablets.— Mf rs. : Wm. R. Warner & Co., Philadelphia, Pa., and St. Louis, Mo. INHALONE is an inhalant of ointment consistency, and composed of phenol, eucalyptol and menthol in a petro- latum base, agreeably aromatized, and supplied in a col- lapsible tube with elongated tip to facilitate its introduc- tion into the nostrils. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. INJECTION DURANTE, used in tuberculosis, is said to consist of iodine 1 part, expressed oil of almonds 90 parts*, and guaiacol 9 parts. INJECTION HIRSCH is a stable solution containing 1 per cent, of mercury oxycyanide and y 2 per cent, of acoin, used as a local anesthetic. — Mfrs.: Heyden Chem. Works, Radebeul (Germ.) and New York. INSIPIN is a new, tasteless quinine, the sulphate of qui- ninedigly colic-acid ester. It contains 72.2 per cent, of qui- nine (as against 72.8 per cent, in quinine sulphate), and occurs as a white, tasteless, crystalline powder which is in- soluble in cold water or alcohol. Alkalies readily deconv pose It. Uses and doses are the same as of quinine sul* THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 145 phate. — Mfrs.: Boehringer & Soehne, Mannheim, Germ., Zimmer & Co., Frankfort-on-M., Germ., and Farbenfabriken of Elberfeid, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York; agts.: the latter, as well as Merck & Co., and C. Bischofi & Co., Inc., of New York. - INTESTIN is described as a mixture of naphtalin (50), bismuth benzoate (50) and vanillin (%), that is used as an intestinal antiseptic in doses of 8 to 15 grains several times a day. — Mfrs.: Kronen-Apotheke, Berlin, Germ. INTOLIN is a trade name for powdered beer yeast mar- keted by Petzoldt & Siiss, Vienna, Austria. IOCASIN is an organic compound of iodine, albumin and casein. It is intended as a substitute for the iodides in- ternally where these are not borne well. — Mfr.: P. Wein- reich, Davos-Platz, Germany. IODALBIN is a new organic compound of iodine with blood albumin, containing about 21.6 per cent, of iodine. It occurs as a reddish-brown powder, almost tasteless and having a molasses-like odor. It is practically insoluble in water or diluted acids, but soluble with decomposition in alkaline liquids such as the intestinal secretion. It is intended to replace the alkali iodides. Dose, 5 to 15 grains. Supplied also in 5-grain capsules. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. IODALGIN is the name applied to a French odorless, water-soluble succedaneum for iodoform, containing 50 per cent of iodine. IODALIA is a saccharated icdine-tannin compound of French manufacture. It occurs as yellow, vermiform con- cretions, of a faint balsamic odor and purely sweet taste, soluble in water, and containing 1.2 per cent, of iodine. It is intended for internal administration in cases of syphilis, scrofula, etc. Dose, .1 to 2 teaspoonfuls three times a day. — Mfr.: M. Peloille, Paris, France; agt.: G. J. Wallau, New York. IODALOSE, "physiologic iodine," is a standardized solu- tion of Galbrun's peptone iodide, 5 drops of which contain ' Vg grain of iodine combined with peptone. It is used as an alterative like potassium iodide. — Agts.: E. Fougera & Co., New York. IODAMYL is iodized starch. IODAN is defined as a solution of iodine in goose oil (adeps anserini). introduced by Dr. E. H. Shields as a readily penetrating and assimilable iodine preparation for topical as well as internal use. It is marketed in two strengths: 10 per cent., designed for external use; and 25 per cent., intended for internal use, and supplied in 5- minim and 10-minim capsules, 4 to 12 of which constitute the ordinary daily dose. — Mfrs.: Eusoma Pharm. Co., Cin- cinnati, 0. IODANTIPYRIN.— See iodopyrin. IODARSYL is a sterile solution marketed in ampoules each containing a solution of 6 grains of sodium iodide and 146 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDlCA 1/64 grain of sodium para-amidophenylarsinate. It is used intravenously in syphilis. IODERMIOL is a non-staining liquid preparation of io- dine containing 5 and 10 per cent, of iodine and offered as a substitute for the official tincture. IODEX is a non-staining and non-irritating iodine oint- ment containing 5 per cent, of iodine. It is said to be "made by impregnating a special combination of organic bases with iodine in a gaseous condition." It is black in color, but the color disappears on rubbing in the oint- ment. It is intended as a discutient. Iodex with methyl salicylate contains 5 per cent, of the latter and is used mainly in rheumatism. — Agts.: Menley & James, New Fork. IODIL, denned as "iodine hydrate," occurs as white, odorless scales that are soluble in about 5 parts of water. It is offered as a succedaneum for the alkali iodides inter- nally, and is given in similar doses. IODINE SCLEROSIN is antisclerosin with 10 per cent, of sodium iodate, and is designed more especially for syphilitic atheroma of the arterial system. Dose, 2 to 4 tablets three times a day. — Mfr.: Wm. Natterer, Munich, Bavaria (Germany). IODINE, SOLUBLE (Burnham's), is described by the manufacturers as "a free iodine product for internal and hypodermic use; no alkaline salts, acids, ether, or glycerin are used in its manufacture; free iodine exists in it to the amount of 3 per cent.-plus, in addition to 2 per cent, carried in chemical combination." According to analyses made at the chemical laboratory of the American Medical Association, it is essentially "a solution of iodine in alco- hol, rendered mxscible with water by the presence of some iodide" [ethyl iodide? — Ed.] Dose, 5 to 60 minims. — Mfrs.: Burnnam Soluble Iodine Co., Auburndalo. Mass. IODINE TRICHLORIDE, ICI 3 , occurs as a yellow, vola- tile, deliquescent powder, of very irritating odor, and solu- ble in water or alcohol. It is occasionally prescribed as an antiseptic solution or as an antifermentative; externally, in 1:1000 to 1:200 solution; internally, in the dose of a tea- spoonful of a 1:1000 solution. Its solution should be dis- pensed in dark-amber bottles. IODINE-VASOGEN.— See under vasogen. IODIPALMS are iodized fat preparations, analogous to iodipin and containing 10, 20, and 30 per cent, of iojdine respectively. They are employed as succedanea for the alkali iodides — subcutaneously, internally or by enema. Dose per os (10 per cent.), 1 to 4 drams in emulsion thrice daily. IODIPIN is an iodine addition product of the fatty acids of sesame oil containing 10 per cent, of iodine, and occur- ring as a thick, yellow to brownish-black oil. It is pre- scribed as a substitute for the alkali iodides where these are not borne well. The ordinary dose is 1 to 4 fluid drams THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 147 three or four times a day. (See also iodipin solid.) — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. IODIPIN 25% is iodized sesame oil containing 25-per cent, of iodine and is used hypodermically in the main, though marketed also in 30-grain capsules. Dose, 30 to 90 minims. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, (Germ.); agts.; Merck & Co., New York. IODIPIN PHOSPHORIZED (phosphorus-iodipin) is 10 per cent, iodipin containing 0.0033 per cent, of phosphorus. IODIPIN SOLID (iodipin emulgate) is a dry form of iodipin (iodized sesame oil) introduced by Dr. L. Sara- son, combined with roborat. it occurs as grayish-yellow to yellowish scaly mass, which is described as tasteless, odorless and permament in air and light, and containing 40 per cent, of 25 per cent, strength iodipin (equivalent to 10 per cent, of iodine). It is intended for use as an alterative and antisyphilitic where an intensive or long- continued iodine action is desired and the alkali iodides are not well borne. Dose, 30 to 60 grains three times daily. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. IODIPIN VETERINARY is a cheaper product for veter- inary use. IODIPSOL is a fine, reddish-yellow powder, having a faint iodine odor, insoluble in water but easily soluble in absolute alcohol or in ether. It is designed as a wound antiseptic like iodoform. IODIVAL is mono-iodo-valeryl-urea, (CH 3 ) 2 CH.CHI.CO.- NHCONH 2 . It is a white powder which is insoluble in cold water, but soluble in hot water and alcohol. It con- tains 47 per cent, of iodine and is offered as a substitute for the iodides. Dose, 5 to 15 grains, as powder or 5-grain tablets. — Mfrs.: Knoll & Co., Ludwigshafen (Germ.) and New York. IODIZED OIL ("iodol") is an iodized olive oil contain- ing 7.6 per cent, of iodine and recommended as a suc- cedaneum for the alkali iodides. It is employed internally as well as subcutaneously. IOD-METAFERRIN.— See under metaferrin. IOD-METAFERROSE.— See under metaferrin. IODOBENZIN seems to be growing in favor as a means of disinfecting the hands as well as the field of operation in surgery. However, as first constituted — namely, iodine 1 part, benzin 750 parts, and liquid petrolatum 250 parts — it was too irritating for certain uses. The preparation as now made has the following formula and has proved more satisfactory: iodine 1 part, benzin 1600 parts, and liquid petrolatum 400 parts. IODOCAPFEINE is what Dr. Rumno calls caffeine and sodium iodide; a white, odorless, water-soluble powder containing 65 per cent, of caffeine and combining the ac- tions of iodine and caffeine but use chiefly as a diuretic 148 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA and cardiac stimulant. Dose, 4 to 8 grains.— Mfr. : E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. IODOCASEIN (casein-sodium Mulford) is denned as a chemical compound of iodine with casein, containing ap- proximately 18 per cent, of iodine. It is a brownish-yellow powder, practically odorless and tasteless. It is brought forward as a succedaneum for the alkali iodides. — Mfrs.: H. K. Mulford Co., Philadelphia, Pa, IODOCIN is one of the many succedanea for iodoform. — Mfrs.: Otis Clapp & Son, Inc., Boston, Mass. IODOCITIN is a compound of iodine, lecithin and albu- min, marketed in tablets each representing 1 grain of io- dine and intended for use in place of the alkali iodides and as a nerve tonic. Dose, 1 to 2 tablets during or after meals.— Mfrs.: Max Haase & Co., Berlin (Germ.). IODOCOL or iodokol is a compound of iodine and guaia- col that is used in phthisis, chronic bronchitis, etc., in doses of 3 to 6 grains four or five times a day. — Mfrs.: Urban & Kremers, Milwaukee, Wis. IODOCRESINE — See traumatol. IODOCROL (carvacrol iodide), C 13 H 13 OI, is analogous chemically to thymol iodide (aristol) but is made from carvacrol instead of thymol. It occurs as a light, odorless powder, soluble in ether, chloroform and oils, and is used as a substitute for iodoform. IODO-EIGON— See under eigons. IODO-ETHYLENE is described under diiodoform. IODO-EUGENOL (eugenoi iodide) was introduced by E. Lictard as a succedaneum for aristol of more powerful disinfectant action. It forms a reddish powder, of slight eugenoi odor, insoluble in water, slightly soluble in alco- hol, and quite readily so in ether and fatty oils. IODOFERRATIN is ferratin with 6 per cent, of iodine; a reddish-brown, neutral powder, which is prescribed in scrofula, rickets and other ailments in which iodine and iron are indicated. Dose, 4 to 10 grains. — Mfrs.: C. F. Boehringer & Soehne, Mannheim, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. IODOFERRATOSE is a 5 per cent, syrup of iodoferratin, intended to replace syrup of ferrous iodide. IODOFORMAL as on this market is a mixture of acet- anilid, thymol iodide, bismuth oxyiodide, cinchonine per- iodide, salol, carbolic acid, formaldehyde and boric acid; an astringent wound antiseptic. — Mfrs.: Wm. R. Warner & Co., Philadelphia, Pa., and St. Louis, Mo. IODOFORM-CALOMEL is a mixture of equal parts of iodoform and calomel, used as a vulnerary particularly on syphilitic sores. — (Nonproprietary.) IODOFORMIN is iodoform-hexamethylenetetramine, CHI 8 (CH 2 ) e N 4 ; a whitish powder, with a slight iodoform odor, and insoluble in water, alcohol, or ether. It contains 75 per cent, of iodoform, which is liberated on contact with wound secretions. It is used as a wound antiseptic. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 149 See caution under formaldehyde. — Mfr.: Dr. C. Marquardt, Beuel, Germ. • IODOFORMIN ETHYL IODIDE is iodoformal. IODOPORMOGEN (iodoform albuminate) is a fine, yel- low powder, smelling slightly of iodoform, of which it contains 10 per cent, combined with albumin. It is used as a dusting-powder on wounds in place of iodoform or with an equal part of43cric acid as snuff in ozena. — Mfrs.'. Knoll & Co., Ludwigshafen (Germ.) and New York. IODOGALLICIN is chemically defined as bismuth oxyio- domethylgallate, and occurs as a light, dark-gray, odorless powder, containing about 23 per cent of iodine and 38 per cent, of bismuth, and insoluble in the usual solvents. It is intended as a drying wound antiseptic like airo!.— Mfrs.: Sandoz & Co., Basle, Switzerland. IODOGELATIN or iodized gelatin Bruschelli prepares with 3 parts of gelatin, 2 potassium iodide, 1% iodine, 10& water, 2 sodium hypophosphite, and 2 calcium hypophos- phite. It is clear, colorless liquid, recommended as a well- borne iodine compound for internal use. Dose, 15 to 60 minims several times daily. IODOGLIDINE (iodized glidine) is an organic combina- tion of iodine with the vegetable albumin glidine. It is in- soluble in water, slightly acted upon by dilute acids, but soluble with decomposition in alkali solutions. It is of- fered as an efficient succedaneum for the alkali iodides. It is marketed only as tablets, each of which represents % grain of iodine. Dose, 1 to 3 tablets three or four times a day. — Mfr.: V. Klopfer, Dresden-Leubnitz, Germ.; agts.: Menley & James, New York. IODOGLYCEROLE is what Dr. Eugene S. Talbot, of Chi- cago, calls a solution consisting of water 2 parts, zinc io- dide 3 parts, iodine 5 parts, and glycerin 10 parts. The ar- ticle is used chiefly in the treatment of mouth infections, especially gingivitis and caries of the alveolar processes, in the place of tincture of iodine over which it is stated to have the advantages of not injuring the mucous surfaces of the mouth, possessing greater astringent power, and being more penetrating. — (Nonproprietary.) IODOGOMENOL is a mixture of niouli oil and tincture of iodine. It is intended as an antiseptic for wounds, is said to have a strong bactericidal power and to be more stable than tincture of iodine. IODOGLOBULIN— See thyglandin. IODO-GUAIACOL TABLETS consist of guaiacol carbon- ate, strontium iodide, arsenic iodide, iron and manganese peptonate, pepsin and nux vomica, and are used in phthisis. Supplied in "full" and "half" strengths. (See also iodocol). — Mfrs.: Fox-Brumley Pharm. Co., Denver, Colo. IODOHEMOL or iodized hemol occurs as a brown, in- soluble powder, containing 16 per cent, of iodine. It is need as an alterative in place of potassium iodide. Dose, 150 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 3 to 10 grains three times daily, in pills. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. IODOLE (tetraiodo-pyrrole), CJ 4 NH, is one of the oldest of the modern succedanea for iodoform, and now official in the U. S. P. IODOLE CAFFEINATED is said to be a chemical com- pound of iodole and caffeine, containing 74.6 per cent, of iodole and 25.4 per cent, of caffeine. It is intended for use like iodole. IODOLECITHIN RICHTER is an iodized lecithin con- taining about 28 per cent, of iodine. It occurs as a dark- brown, ointment-like mass which is not soluble in water but readily soluble in oils, ether or chloroform. It is em- ployed as an alterative, mainly in syphilis and scrofula. Dose, 2 to 8 grains three times a day, in pills. — Mfr.: Gedeon Richter, Budapest, Hungary; agts,: Lehn & Fink, New York. IODOLECITHIN RIEDEL is an iodized lecithin contain- ing 7 to 8 per cent, of iodine. It forms a brownish-yellow, wax-like mass resembling lecithin; readily soluble in ether and warm alcohol, swelling in water, and decomposed by alkalies. It is used chiefly in scrofula and syphilis. Dose, 8 to 10 grains.— Mfrs.: Riedel & Co., Berlin (Germ.) and New York. IODOLEN fiodole-aloumin) is a yellowish, coarse, odor- less, tasteless powder, insoluble in the usual solvents. lodolen externum contains 36 per cent, of iodole, and is used as a dusting-powder on wounds. lodolen internum contains 10 per cent, of iodole, and is used instead of alkali iodides. Dose, 10 to 30 grains thrice daily. Keep well-stop- pered. — Mfrs.: Kalle & Co., Biebrich, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. IODOLIN, C 8 H 7 NCH 3 C1.ICI, results from the interaction of quinoline iodomethyiate and iodine chloride in solution with hydrochloric acid. It forms a yellow powder, soluble in alcohol, insoluble in water, and is used in place of iodo- form on wounds. IODOLYSIN is a water-soluble compound of iodine and thiosinamine, employed as a discutient and marketed as azoule (for hypodermic use), liquor and kapsol for oral ad- ministration, and pigmenium and unguentum for local ap- plication. Dose, 3 to 6 grains. IODOMAISIN is what Vaudin calls an iodine-albumin compound, derived from the so-called "maisin," the albu- min of wheat. It forms a yellowish-white, hygroscopic, bitter, water-soluble mass. It is intended for use like the iodides, in tertiary syphilis and other diseases in which iodine is indicated. Dose, daily YV2 to 3 grains. IODO-MANGAN is "ferromangan with 1 per cent, of iodopeptone. ,, (Iodopeptone contains 15 per cent, of io- dine.) It is used as a hematinic tonic and anticachectic, in scrofula, rickets, etc. Dose, 1 to 4 fluid drams, accord- ing to age, three times a day. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 151 "Helfenbcrg," Helfenberg, Germ.; agts.: Reinschild Cliem. Co., New York. IODOMENINE is described a3 an albumin and bismuth iodide compound obtained by the action of bismuth iodide on egg albumin. It occurs as a tasteless and odorless powder, containing 10 per cent, of iodine, and is not sol- uble in acid liquids, but readily decomposed by dilute alka- line liquids. It is intended for use as a substitute for the alkali iodides. Marketed as 0.5 gram tablets. Dose, 1 to 3. — Mfrs.: J. A. Wulfing, Berlin SW, Germ.; agts.: A. Wiilnng & Co., New York. IODOMUTH is defined as bismuth oxyiodo-methylenedi- gallate. of the formula Bi 2 I 2 C 15 H 12 12 , and occurs as a red- dish-brown, fine, odorless, tasteless powder, containing about 25 per cent, of iodine. It is prescribed as a drying wound antiseptic, externally, and as an astringent inter- nally. Dose, 5 to 30 grains. See caution under formalde- hyde. — Mfr.: Organic Chem. Co., Fort Washington, Pa. IODONAFTAN is an iodized naphtha product, an oint- ment similar to naftalan, and containing 3 per cent, of iodine. It is employed in skin diseases. IODONE is a periodide of phthalic anhydride, (C 6 H 4 C 2 - 8 ) 2 KI.I* It occurs as dark-green prismatic crystals, de- composed by water and other solvents. It contains about 52 per cent, of iodine. It is not marketed in the pure state, but only as iodone dusting -powder, a mixture of 4 parts of iodone and 96 parts of talcum, and iodone oint- ment, liberating 2 per cent, of iodine on contact with moisture. All these preparations are offered as wound anti- septics and cicatrizants. — Mfrs.: Eli Lilly & Co., Indian- apolis, Ind. IODO-NUCLEOID is a compound of iodine with a nucleo- albumin; a reddish-brown powder, of faint iodine odor and taste, insoluble in the usual solvents and acids but soluble in alkaline liquids; iodine content 21 per cent. It is used in place of the alkali iodides. Dose, 10 to 60 grains three times daily. Marketed also as 5-grain tablets. — Mfrs.: Dinet & Delfosse, Chicago, 111. IODOPEPTONOIDS is liquid peptonoids with 2 grains of iodine to each fluid ounce in protein combination. It is used as an alterative. Dose, 1 to 4 teaspoonfuls. — Mfrs.: Arlington Chem. Co., Yonkers, N. Y. IODOPETROX is a product analogous to iodine-vasogen, containing 6 per cent, of iodine in petrox ("oxidized pe- troleum"), and used chiefly by inunction (y 2 to 2 drams daily) to produce iodine effects on the system. IODOPHENIN or iodophenacetin, C 20 H 25 I 3 N 2 O 4 , results from precipitating a solution of phenacetin in hydrochloric acid by means of potassium iodide. It occurs as a brown powder containing about 50 per cent, of iodine, soluble in alcohol and insoluble in water, and employed as a wound antiseptic and antirheumatic. Dose, 8 to 15 grains. — Mfrs.: Riedel & Co., Berlin (Germ.) and New York. 152 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA IODOSE is "a compound of iodine (10 per cent.) with an altered nucleo-proteid ,, ; a reddish-brown powder, insolu- ble in water and dilute acids but soluble in alkaline liquids such as the intestinal secretion. It is intended as a succe- daneum for the alkali iodides. Dose, 5 to 20 grains, before meals. Marketed also as 3-grain and 5-grain tablets. — Mfrs.: Independent Pharmaceutical Co., Worcester, Mass. IODOSIN is an iodine-albumin compound containing 15 per cent, of iodine, and marketed also as solution (O.isb per cent. I) the dose of which is 1 to 2 tablespoonfuls three times daily. It is used instead of the alkali iodides. — Mfr.: W. Hunrath, Cassel, Germ. IODOSOLVENT is a 25 per cent, solution of iodine in a glycerin base; a colorless liquid without action on starch, and is intended particularly for subcutaneous use. —Mfr.: Dr. J. L. Marbourg, Seattle, Wash. IODOSOLVIN is a preparation similar to iodine-vasogen, "containing 15 per cent, of iodine in oily emulsion-like form." It is used chiefly externally, but also internally. Dose, 5 to 10 drops; by inunction, 1 dram. — Mfr.: Einhorn- Apotheke, Altona, Germ. IODOSTARIN (diiodotarininic acid) occurs as white, odorless and tasteless crystals that are insoluble in water, melt at about 49° C. and contain about 47.5 per cent, of iodine in organic combination. It is designed as a suc- cedaneum for the common iodides. Dose, 4 to 12 grains. Marketed only as 4-grain tablets. — Mfrs.: Hoffmann- La Roche Chem. Works, Basle (Switzerland) and New York. IODOSYL is an iodine compound of the formula C H 3 I.(OI)COOH, and occurring as a red, nearly odorless powder, insoluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol, chloroform or ether. It is prescribed as a wound anti- septic, in place of iodoform. — Mfrs.: Nelson, Baker & Co., Detroit Mich. IODOTERPIN, C 10 H 16 I, is a compound of equal weights of Iodine and terpin hydrate; a thick, reddish-black liquid, of faint terebinthinous odor and aromatic taste, and solu- ble in ether, chloroform, and alcohol, and miscible with water to yield a brownish-red liquid; specific gravity about 1.19; iodine content about 50 per cent. It is readily absorbed by the skin, and is employed as a substitute for iodoform and Iodine tincture externally (as ointment, or dusting-powder with kaolin). IODOTHEOBROMINE (Prof. Rummo) consists of 40 per cent, of theobromine, 21.6 of sodium iodide, and 38.4 of sodium salicylate. It occurs as a white powder, soluble in hot water, and used chiefly in aortic insufficiency. Dose, 5 to 10 grains two to six times daily. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. IODOTHYRINE (formerly thyroiodine) is a lactose trituration of the active principle of the thyroid gland. One gram contains 0.003 gram of iodine, the average amount contained in 1 gram of fresh thyroid; a whitish, THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 153 sweet, stable powder, prescribed in struma, myxedema, certain chronic skin diseases and other affections in which the thyroid gland is indicated. Dose, 15 to 30 grains daily in three doses; children, 5 to 15 grains p8r day. Marketed also as 5-grain tablets. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elber- feld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. IODOTHYROIDIN is a preparation analogous to thy- roidin. IODOTONE is described as a standardized glycerole of hydrogen iodide (hydriodic acid), each fluid dram of which represents 1 grain of iodine. Its uses are the same as those of the official syrup of hydriodic acid. Dose, % to 2 fluid drams. — Mfrs.: Eimer & Amend, New York. IODOZEN is defined as a chemical combination of methyl salicylate and iodine; an amorphous powder of pleasant odor, used as an antiseptic like iodoform. Mar- keted also as 10-per-cent. ointment. — Mfrs.: Wm. S. Mer- rell Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. IODOZOLE is said to be identical with sozoiodole, which see. IODPEPTIDE is the name applied to an organic prep- aration of iodine prepared by peptonizing 10 grams of egg-albumin and dissolving the resulting product in 100 c.c. (mils) of water. Iodine is now introduced, and thus is obtained a faintly yellow liquid with a green fluores- cence. This liquid is filled into ampoules of 5-c.c. (mils) capacity, and sterilized. The amount of iodine that enters into combination varies according to the strength of the compound to be prepared. The author has prepared three strengths of liquid: No. 1 contains 1.75 per cent, of iodine; No. 2, 2.45 per cent.; and No. 3, 3.48 per cent. Iodpeptide Is put forward as an alterative. It is used hypodermically. —Mfr.: Prof. A. Cechini, Rome, Italy. IODOTROPON — See under tropon. IODURASE is a combination of potassium Iodide with levurine, marketed in keratinized capsules containing 0.5 gram of the former and 0.1 gram of levurine. It is in- tended as a succedaneum for the alkali Iodides. Dose, 1 to 3 capsules, during meals. IODYCHTHOL Is defined as "a solution of ichthyol, Iodine, hydrastis, thymol and boroglyceride, ,, and is used as a topic antiseptic, antiphlogistic and cicatrizant, mainly in uterine and vaginal affections. — Mfrs.: Wm. S. Merrell Chem. Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. IODYLJN is a light-yellow powder of faint iodine odor, chemically definable as bismuth iodosalicylate y and used as a drying antiseptic in surgery. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik von Ostermayer, Erfurt, Germ. IODYLOFORM is a compound of iodine with gelatin, occurring as an odorless, yellowish-brown powder contain- ing 10 per cent, of combined iodine, and insoluble in water, alcohol or ether. |lt is prescribed principally as a wound- antiseptic similar to iodoform, but also internally as a 154 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA substitute for potassium iodide in doses of 3 to 15 grains. — Mfrs.: C. Kohlmeyer & Co., Berlin, Germ. IOLIN is an oily, colorless, non-staining liquid contain- ing 20 per cent, of iodine, and offered as a succedaneum for the official tincture of iodine. — Mfrs.: Saville Bros., Leeds, Eng. IOSAL Elixir is an antirheumatic of which "each fluid ounce represents ammoniated tincture guaiac 96 minims, wine colchicum seed 84 minims, solution potassium ar- genite 24 minims, potassium iodide 18 grains, sodium salicylate 20 grains, oil gaultheria and aromatics q. s. Dose, 1 fluid dram. — Mfrs.: Norwich Pharmacal Co., Nor- wich, N. Y. IOSCORPTOL, formerly known as sapogen, is an iodine preparation for external use as a resolvent and discutient. It contains 10 per cent, of iodine and occurs as a thick liquid of the consistency of honey. It does not stain the skin considerably. — Mfr.: J. Schiirholz, Cologne, Germ. IRIDINOL is "a liquid preparation of iridium, repre- senting a 6 per cent, solution" — of what salt is not stated, but probably the chloride or the double chloride of iridium and sodium. It occurs as a more or less turbid, yellowish- brown, odorless liquid of astringent taste, and is exploited as a hematic, alterative and systemic antiseptic for use in syphilis, arthritis, etc., internally, hypodermically and topically. Dose, 10 to 60 minims. — Mfrs.: P. H. Potter & Sons, New York. IRISOL is a liquid veterinary antiseptic and disinfect- ant, clearly miscible with water, and used chiefly in 1 to 2 per cent, solution. — Agts.: Ernst Bischoff & Co., New York. IRON-AMMONIUM ARSENO-CITRATE is a double salt of ferrous arsenate and ammonium citrate, containing 1.4 per cent, of arsenous acid and about 15 per cent, of iron. It forms green scales freely soluble in water, and is used chiefly in pernicious anemia and malaria of children. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. IRON ANTISCLEROSIN is antisclerosln with 10 per cent, of reduced iron. It is used chiefly in arteriosclerosis associated with anemia. Dose, 2 to 4 tablets. — Mfr.: Wm. Natterer, Munich, Germ. IRON CACODYLATE (ferric) or iron dimethylarsenate, [(CH 8 ) 2 As0 2 J 3 Fe, occurs as a grayish-green powder, mod- erately soluble in water, less freely so in alcohol, and con- taining 32 per cent, of arsenous acid and 45 per cent, of ferric oxide. It is used subcutaneously or internally in chlorosis, lymphadenitis, etc.,*where both arsenic and iron are indicated. Dose, % grain to 4 grains per day. — (Non- proprietary.) IRON DIMETHYLARSENATE.— See iron cacodylate. IRON GLYCERINO-ARSENATE, also known as mar- sitriol, is prescribed by French physicians as an assimi- lable arsenical in doses of % grain three times daily. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 155 IRON GLYCERINOPHOSPHATE, FeP0 4 C 3 H 5 ( OH) ,+ 2H 3 0, occurs as greenish-yellow, odorless scales or pow- der, soluble in water or diluted alcohol, and employed in chlorosis, neurasthenia, etc., in doses of 3 to 10 grains thrice daily as pills or in solution. Its solutions do not keep long, and consequently they should be prepared In small quantities at a time and always with freshly steril- ized water. — (Nonproprietary.) IRON HYDROCYANATE is a preparation exploited as a remedy for epilepsy and other neuroses. No chemical de- scription is published by the manufacturers, but from an analysis made in the laboratory of the American Medical Association it is concluded that "hydrocyanate of iron is essentially a mixture of approximately equal parts of Prussian blue and talc, containing traces of organic mat- ter having the general properties of alkaloids." Dose, % to 2 grains two or three times daily, in pills or tablets. Mar- keted also as tablets. — Mfrs.: Tilden Co., New Lebanon, N. Y. IRON LACTATE (ferrous lactate), of the formula Fe- (C 3 H 5 3 ) 2 -f-3H 3 0, is official in several foreign pharma- copoeias. It occurs as pale greenish-white crusts or pow- der, having a slight peculiar odor and a sweetish ferrugi- nous taste. It is slowly soluble in about 40 parts of water, freely soluble in solutions of the alkali citrates, and al- most insoluble in alcohol. It contains about 19 per cent, of metallic iron, and readily oxidizes on exposure. It is a mild chalybeate. Dose, 2 to 10 grains.— (Nonproprietary.) IRON NUCLEINATE is marketed under several trade names, the best known of which is ferrinol; see this. IRON-PROTYLIN. — See under protylin. IRON-ROBORAT is a fine, yellowish powder which is said to consist of water 7.52 per cent., ether extractive 11.3 per cent., protein 73.88 per cent., iron 0.5 per cent., and lecithin about 4 per cent. It is intended for use in all cases where iron is indicated. Dose, 2 to 4 drams per day, in milk, soup, etc. — Mfr.: H. Niemiiller Giitersloh, Germ. IRON SOMATOSE.— See ferro-somatose. IRON SUCCINATE (ferric succinate) occurs as a red- dish-brown powder, nearly insoluble in water but soluble in acids. It is used chiefly in gallstone disease. Dose, 10 * to 60 grains after meals, 10 drops of chloroform being given at the same time, four to six aimes daily. — (Non- proprietary.) IRON SULPHOICHTHYOLATE.— See ferrichtol IRONTROPON is described under tropon. IRON-VITELLIN.— See oviferrin. ISAROL, formerly known as ichthodin, is defined as ammonium sulphoichthyolate Pharm Helv., and would hence appears to be analogous to ichthyol. — Mfrs.: Gesell- schaft fur Chem. Industrie, Rasle, Switzerland; agts.: A. Klipstein & Co., New York. JSCHEMIN is another trade name for the 1:1000 solu- 156 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA tion of the active principle of the suprarenal capsule. See note under epinephrine. — Mfrs.: Armour & Co., Chicago, 111. ISO-BUTYL-ORTHOCRESOL IODIDE.— See europhen. ISO-BUTYL PARAMIDOBENZOIC-ACID ESTER.— See cy clo form. ISO-NAPHTOL is oeta-naphtol. ISO-PHYSOSTIGMINE is an alkaloid obtained from the ether-insoluble portion of the alcoholic extract of calabar bean used in the preparation of physostigmine (eserine). It has the same chemical formula as the latter base, but is insoluble in ether; and, according to Prof. Ogiu, similar also physiologically, but more intense, rapid, and lasting in action than eserine, both in local as well as internal use — 0.75 gram of iso-physostigmine corresponds to 1 gram of physostigmine. Dose of the sulphate or salicylate, 1/150 to 1/60 grain; applied as a myotic in 0.1 per cent, solution, which should be dispensed in amber bottles. Antidone, atropine. ISOPRAL is chemically trichlor-isopropyl alcohol, CCV CH.(OH).CH 3 , a crystalline, volatile substance of campho- raceous odor and burning taste, and soluble in alcohol, ether or water (about 30 parts). It is prescribed as a hyp- notic, in doses of 10 to 30 grains, given in solution. It should not be dispensed in paper, on account of its vola- tility, and it should be kept in a cool place. — Mfrs.: Far- benfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. ISUTAN is described under bismutan. ITROL was the name formerly applied to a certain brand of silver citrate then also designated as "antiseptic Crede," but it has latterly been abandoned in favor of the chemical appellation, under which it will be described In these pages. IUBOL is the name for laxative tablets containing agar- agar and extracts of bile and pancreas. IZAL is a natural mixture of the resin soaps and tar oils rich in cresols, obtained as a by-product in the distillation of coal. It is used as a disinfectant, like creolin. Dose (in intestinal diseases), 5 to 10 drops, in capsules. JAROMA is the fanciful name applied to tablets con- taining 3 grains of a&afetida, 1/10 grain of capsicum, and 2 grains of gypsum. The article is used as a nervine. — Mfrs.: Jaroma Co., New York. JATREVIN is stated to be a condensation product of menthol and isobutyl-phenol; a clear, colorless liquid, of peppermint-like odor, and readily soluble in alcohol but slightly soluble in water or ether. It is used by spray- inhaiation (2% to 5 per cent, solutions) in phthisis and THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 157 respiratory catarrhs. — Mfr.: Ernst Jackel, Berlin, Germ. JEQUIRITOL is a sterilized, standardized preparation of jequirity seed introduced by Prof. Roemer for use in certain chronic eye diseases in which jequirity infusion was formerly employed. It contains 50 per cent, of glyc- erin, and is marketed in four strengths: Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4. Jequiritol serum is an antitoxin prepared in accordance with Behring's principles, and said to be capable of promptly arresting the action of jequiritol, for which pur- pose it is solely used. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. JODALBACID, JODIPIN, and other "jod" derivatives.—- See under I. JODKRESOL — See traumatol. JOHA is described as an oily solution of salvarsan, and marketed in ampoules holding 1 and 3 grams, respectively. The former contain 0.4 gram, the latter 1.2 gram of sal- varsan, besides iodipin and sterilized, anhydrous wool-fat. The article is used hypodermically, and as it is solid at ordinary temperatures, the ampoule is to be immersed in hot water until its contents are sufficiently liquid to be drawn up into a thin canula. — Mfr. : Dr. Kade, Berlin S. O., Germ. JOHIMBINE. — See yohimbine. JUGLANDIN is a resinoid from the root bark of juglans cinerea (butternut), occurring as a grayish- white powder insoluble in water and only slightly soluble in alcohol. It is used as a mild laxative and antiperiodic, in doses of 2 to 5 grains. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck 6 Co., New York. K KALAGUA EXTRACT is said to be prepared from a South American plant. It has a garlicky odor and taste, and has been introduced as a remedy in phthisis. It is marketed only as pills; dose, 1 to 4 three times daily. — Agts.: McKesson & Robbins, New York. KALENDOL is an astringent and antiseptic dusting- powder said to represent calendula, ichthyol, iodine, acet- anilid and boric acid. It is soluble in water or glycerin or in a mixture of alcohol and water but insoluble in pure alcohol, ether, or oils. — Mfrs.: Norwich Pharmacal Co., Norwich, N. Y. KALMOPYRIN is a trade name for calcium acetyl- salicylate as marketed by Gideon Richter, Budapest, Hung.; agts.: Lehn & Pink, New York. KAOLIN (bolus alba), aside from its use as a basis of the official cataplasm of kaolin and as an absorbent dust- ing-powder, has latterly been used also internally in Asiatic cholera and other acute infectious diarrheas. For adults 2 to 4 ounces, and for children % to 2 ounces, are 158 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA stirred into water and administered in the course of a day in small portions at a time every twenty or thirty minutes. The treatment is preceded by a fast of twenty- four hours. KASAGRA is a trade name for a fluid extract of cascara sagrada, rendered palatable by the use of carminatives and aromatics. — Mf rs. : P. Stearns & Co., Detroit, Mich. KASUCOLUM is one of the many trade names latterly applied to potassium sulpho-guaiacolate (guaiacol sulpho- nate), best known in this country by the name thiocol. — Mfrs.: Fritz-Petzoldt & Suss, Vienna, Austria. KAWA-SANDAL. — See gonosan. KELENB is a brand of the official ethyl chloride, mar- keted in automatic tubes and used as a local as well as a general anesthetic. It is also furnished in various combi- nations (cocaine, formaldehyde, etc.) designated as "auto- sprays." — Mfrs.: Fries Bros., New York; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. KELENE-METHYL is a mixture of compressed ethyl chloride and methyl chloride, used as a local anesthetic. KINAZYME is prepared from extract of spleen, entero- kinase and other enzymes and hormones of the duodenum, also pancreatic extract, trypsin and % grain of calcium lactate to each tablet. It is employed as a general tonic in tuberculosis, malaria, etc. Dose, 2 to 4 tablets imme- diately after meals. — Mfrs. : G. W. Carnrick Co., New York. KINEURIN is a trade name for quinine glycerophos- phate. KREALBIN and some other remedies whose names are often spelled with a "K," see under O. KRESAMINE (ethylenediamine-trikresol; kresolamine; trikresolamine ; ethylenediaminecresol) is a clear, alkaline, watery solution containing 25 per cent, each of ethylene- diamine and trikresol, of carbolic odor, and soluble in all proportions in glycerin, up to about 20 per cent, in water, but insoluble in petrolatum. It is used as an antiseptic and bactericide in tubreculosis by inhalation (25 to 35 per cent, solutions), in skin diseases (4 to 20 per cent, oint- ments), wounds (% to iy 2 per cent, lotions), etc. Ex- posure darkens the article. — Mfr.: E. Schering, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. KRESAPOL or kresosaponate is a disinfectant corre- sponding to liquor cresoli compositus U. S. P. — Mfrs.: Hoffmann-La Roche Chem. Works, Basle (Switzerland) and New York. KRESEPTOL is a disinfectant and antiseptic solution "containing 50 per cent, of pure, redistilled mixed cresols — ortho-, meta-, and para-, obtained from coal tar." It is evi- dently similar to the pharmacopceial solution cresol com- pound. — Mfrs.: Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapolis, Ind. KRESO is a coal-tar product consisting largely of cresols and the higher phenols, and hence analogous to creolin. It is used in the same strengths as carbolic acid as a dis- THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 159 infectant, deodorant and parasiticide. It is marketed also as a "dip" for parasitic diseases of animals. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. KRESOLAMINE.— See kresamine. KRESOPHEN is a nearly colorless wood-tar of pleasant cdor, introduced as a succedaneum for coal-tar in skin diseases. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik Electron, Biebrich-on-Rh., Germ. KRESOSOLVIN was formerly known as creolin Ahrens, in contradistinction to creolin Pearson, the article gener- ally known on this market simply as creolin. - See creolin. — Mfrs.: P. Ahrens & Co., Altona-Ottensen, Germ. KRESOSTERIL is defined as pure metacresol oxalic- acid ester, or metacresol oxalate, and contains theoretically 70 per cent, of metacresol and 30 per cent, of oxalic acid. It melts at 50° C, and on contact with water it readily decomposes into its components. It dissolves in about 33 parts of water. It is marketed only in tablets colored blue, and is used for the preparation of antiseptic and disinfectant solutions. KRESULFOL is a cresolsulphonic acid obtained by mix- ing 2 volumes of crude cresol with 1 volume of crude sul- phuric acid. It is employed as a general disinfectant, in 3-per-cent. aqueous solution. — Mfrs.: Riedel & Co., Berlin (Germ.) and New York. KRETOL is defined as "a chemical combination produced by the dry distillation of a peculiar kind of coal; an alkaline carbolate; a pure coal-tar creosote from which all naphtha products have been removed." It occurs as a dark-brown liquid having a strong tarry odor and yield- ing a milky mixture with water. In physical as well as in therapeutical properties it resembles creolin. — Mfrs.: Kretol Co., Washington, D. C. KRYOFINE, methoxy-acet-para-phenetidin, CH 8 OCH,.- CONH.C«H 4 .OC 2 H 5 , is a condensation product of para- phenetidin and methylglycolic acid; fine, colorless, odor- less, tasteless crystals, freely soluble in alcohol, ether or fixed oils, and sparingly so in cold water (600). It is pre- scribed as an anodyne and antipyretic. Dose, 4 to 7^ grains. Marketed also as tablets of these sizes. — Mfrs.: Gesellschaft fur Chem. Industrie, Basle, Switzerland; agts.: C. Bischofi? & Co., Inc., New York. KRYOGENIN.— See cryogenine. KRYSYL is a disinfectant of the type of creolin, form- ing a milky emulsion with water. It is used mostly in 1 to 2 per cent, solutions. It is marketed in two grades: one for use as a general disinfectant and deodorant; the other, surgical krysyl, for employment in surgery. — Mfrs.: Baiss Bros. & Stevenson, London, Eng. KUGLOIDS is the terse name applied to capsules each of which contains quinine glycerophosphate Vz grain, creo- sote benzoate 1 grain, eucalyptol benzoate V2 grain, and ex- cipient q. s. The name is derived from that of the author 160 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA of the formula, Dr. Kiigler, of Paris. — Mfrs.: Anglo-Amer. Pharm. Co., New York; agts.: E. Fougera & Co., New York. K — Y is a lubricating jelly for the use of surgeons, obstetricians and gynecologists. It is marketed only in collapsible tubes. — Mfrs.: Van Horn & Sawtell, New York. LABORDINE is advertised to physicians as having the following composition: "Apium graveolens (true active principle) 35%; gaultheria fragrantissima 25%; acete- amide-phenyle 15%; quinia 1%; benzoylsulphyonic imide 23%." The average of the reports of analysis made at the chemical laboratory of the American Medical Association shows that "labordine contains acetanilid 37.9 per cent.; free salicylic acid 6.9; quinine present; saccharin not found; corn starch present; milk sugar 34.7 per cent." It is exploited as an antipyretic and analgesic. Dose, 5 to 15 grains. — Mfrs.: Labordine Pharmacal Co., St. Louis, Mo. LACTAGOL is a dry extract of cottonseed; a fine, yel- lowish-white powder, insoluble in water but forming a sort of emulsion therewith. It was introduced by Dr. B. Beck- man, of Hamburg, as a galactagogue. Dose, a heaping tea- spoonful three or four times daily, in milk. — Mfrs.: W. Pearson & Co., Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. LACTALBUMIN (albulactin) is one of the two proteids in milk, the other being casein. It is maintained that human milk contains a comparatively large percentage of lactalbumin, while cow's milk contains only a small quan- tity; hence, when cow's milk is diluted, the already exist- ing deficiency in lactalbumin is increased, and which ought to be made up by the mechanical addition of lactalbumin in the modification of cow's milk for infant feeding. The article occurs as a grayish-white powder of a non-pro- nounced peculiar taste and soluble in water and aqueous liquids. Usually about 8 grains are added to bottle of food. — Mfrs.: Bauer Chem. Co., New York. LACTIC ACID BACILLARY TABLETS are said to be made from a practically pure culture of the bacillus bul- garicus, and are designed for use in intestinal fermenta- tion. Dose, 1 or 2. They should be kept in a cool place, and not be used after the date given on the label. — Mfrs.: Fairchild Bros. & Foster, New York. LACTAMPOULE is defined as a pure culture of bacillus bulgaricus, put up in ampoules holding about 12 c.c. it Is used for souring milk, and therapeutically for direct application in fermentative processes. The ampoules should be kept in a cool place, and are not good beyond the date stamped on the labels. — Mfrs.: Fairchild Bros. & Foster, New York. LACTOBACILLINE is the generic name adopted for THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 161 several lactic bacilli preparations originated by Prof. E. Metchnikoff, of the Pasteur Institute, Paris, and which are credited with antizymotic and antisuppurative power. The liquid has latterly also been used in diabetes. The tablets, too, are for internal use. Lactobacilline S is em- ployed topically in hay-fever, nasal catarrh, etc., and sur- gically. The paste and powder forms serve for application to suppurative surfaces. — Mfrs.: Ferment Co., New York; agts.: Pranco-Amer. Ferment Co., New York. LACTOBACILLINE MILK FERMENT is a liquid prep- aration for making scientifically soured milk, and lacto- bacilline milk tablets serve the same purpose. — Mfrs.: Fer- ment Co., New York; agts.: Borden's Condensed Milk Co., New York. LACTOCORDIN is a fanciful brand name for solution hydrogen dioxide. LACTOIODINE and LACTOJOD.— See proiodine. LACTOL flactonaphtol) is the lactic acid ester of beta- naphtol, of the formula CH 3 CH.OH.COO.C 10 H 7 . It forms colorless crystals that are soluble in alcohol but insoluble in water, and is used as an intestinal antiseptic particu- larly in children in daily quantities of about 15 grains. LACTONE TABLETS (buttermilk tablets) contain a cul- ture of lactic acid bacilli, 1 tablet converting 1 quart of milk into buttermilk within 36 to 48 hours under proper conditions. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. LACTOPEPTINE, offered as a digestive powder, is said to consist essentially of a mixture of 240 parts of milk sugar, 48 parts of pepsin, 36 parts of pancreatin, 3 parts of diastase, 4 parts of 25-per-cent. hydrochloric acid, and 4 parts of lactic acid. According to analyses made in the laboratories of the American Medical Association, it con- sists essentially of pepsin about 10 per cent., lactic acid 3 per cent., and milk sugar 87 per cent. Dose, 20 to 30 grains. Lactopeptine elixir contains 38 grains of lacto- peptine in each fluid ounce. — Mfrs.: New York Pharm. Ass'n, Yonkers, N. Y. LACTOPHENIN (lactyl-para-phenetidin), C n H 1B 3 , differs chemically from phenadtin only in having a lactic acid in place of the acetic acid constituent. It occurs as colorless, odorless, slightly bitter crystals soluble in 8.5 parts of alcohol and in 330 parts of water, and decomposed by acids or alkalies. It is an antipyretic and analgesic. Dose, 8 to 15 grains. Marketed also in 0.5 and 0.25 gram tablets. — Mfrs.: C. F. Boehringer & Soehne, Mannheim, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. LACTOSANTAL is the trade name adopted for santalol lactGte or the lactic acid ester of santalol. It contains about 73 per cent, of santalol, and is employed as an anti- gonorrheal and a bronchial anticatarrhal. It is marketed only in capsules containing 0.25 gram (4 minims), the dose of which is one every hour or ten to fifteen daily. — 162 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA Mfr.: Vial, of Paris, France; agts.: E. Fougera & Co., New York. LACTOSERUM.— See under serum. LACTOSERVE is a buttermilk conserve, consisting of dried milk impregnated with pure cultures of the lactic acid bacillus. Stirred with 5 parts of boiling water, it is said to furnish a drink very similar to fresh buttermilk. — Mfrs.: C. F. Boehringer & Soehne, Mannheim, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. LACTO-SOMATOSE (milk-somatose) is a compound of tannin with milk albumoses, occurring as a yellowish, taste- less, almost odorless powder soluble in water but insoluble in alcohol, and containing 5 per cent, of tannic acid. It is used as a food, especially in children with intestinal dis- eases. Dose (child), 1 to 2 teaspoonfuls per day. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. LANAGEN and LANAIN are brands of adeps lance hy- drosus. LANUM is a brand of hydrous wool fat marketed by Merck & Co., New York. LARGIN (protalbin-silver) occurs as a gray powder con- taining 11 per cent, of silver and soluble in 10 parts of water, also soluble in glycerin but insoluble in alcohol. It is prescribed as an astringent and bactericide in *4 to 5 per cent, solutions. Internally it is occasionally pre- scribed in gastric or intestinal ulceration. Dose, 5 to 8 grains, in pills. Its solution should be dispensed in dark- amber bottles. — Marketed by Merck & Co., New York. LARICIN is a synonym of agaricin; see under this title. LATTA'S SERUM.— See serum, Latta's. LAVALUM is an antiseptic and astringent wash contain- ing "zinc phenolsulphonate 10 per cent., alum compound 15 per cent., ichthyol 0.1 per cent., thymol 0.5 per cent., eucalyptol 0.2 per cent., and oil gaultheria 0.5 per cent." — Mfrs. : Norwich Pharmacal Co., Norwich, N. Y. LAVISOL is "a limpid, reddish-brown, oily liquid, readily miscible with water and other solvents; a sapona- ceous antiseptic for all branches of surgery." It is appar- ently analogous to the official solution cresol compound. — Marketed by C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. LAXALITHIA is a granual, noneffervescent combination of laxative salines with lithium. Each teaspoonful repre- sents lithium citrate 5 grains, sodium sulphate 60 grains, sodium chloride 3^ grains, and sodium citrate q. s. — Mfrs.: Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapolis, Ind. LAXANIN is an aromatized castor oil chocolate-tablet containing also 1% grains of phenolphthalein. — Mfr.: Dr. R. Reiss, Charlottenburg, Berlin. LAXAPHEN is a laxative containing in each fluid ounce 8 grains of phenolphthalein In chocolate-flavored syrup and % grain of salicylic acid (as preservative). Dose, THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 163 2 to 4 fluid drams.— Mfrs. : Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. LAXAROME is described as a mixture of three volumes of aromatic fluidextract of cascara and one volume of com- pound solution of sodium phosphate (aromatized). It is a laxative. Dose, y 2 to 1 fluid dram. — Mfrs.: Sharp & Dohme, Baltimore, Md. LAXATOLINE is the name applied to a 2-grain tablet of phenolphthalein. — Mfrs.: Physicians' Supply Co., Pitts- burgh, Pa. LAXINE is a laxative tablet containing as its active in- gredient phenolphthalein 2 grains. — Mfrs.: Columbus Pharmacal Co., Columbus, Ohio. LAXOIN is the trade name adopted for 1 and 2 grain chocolate tablets of phenolphthalein. — Mfrs. : Oppenheimer, Son & Co., London EC, Eng. LAXOL is castor oil containing a little saccharin and peppermint oil. — Mfr.: A. J. White, New York. LECIBRIN is a combination of brain lecithin 33% per cent, with nucleo-proteins. It is put up in gelatin-coated '•pepules each containing 3 grains, the equivalent of 1/25 grain of elementary phosphorus." Nerve-reconstructive live lecithin. Dose, 1 to 3 pepules. — Mfrs.: Pairchild Bros. & Poster, New York. LECISAN OIL is a nutritive preparation said to contain lecithin 10 parts, vitellin 28 parts, maltose 5 parts, and lactose 57 parts. LECITHAN is the name given by a Swiss firm to its lecithin. — Mfrs.: Blattmann & Co., Wadenswiel, Switzer- land. LECITHIN is a phosphorus constituent of animal and vegetable tissues, more especially of nerve substance and yolk of egg. That on the market is made from egg yolk and is hence known also as ovilecithin; a yellow, waxy, hygroscopic mass, soluble in alcohol, chloroform, ether and fatty oils, and swelling up but not dissolving in water. It is used as a nerve tonic. Dose, 1 to 2 grains three times daily, in pills, before meals; subcutaneously, 15 to 45 min- ims of 5-per-cent. solution in olive oil. — (Nonproprietary.) LECITHIN-ALBUMIN or LECITHIN ALBUMINATE.— See letalbin. LECITHIN COMPOUND is a nervine each tablespoonful of which contains 1 grain each of lecithin, calcium glycero- phosphate and potassium glycerophosphate, and 1/10 grain of sodium cacodylate. — Mfrs.: Otis Clapp & Son, Inc., Boston, Mass. LECITHIN GLYCEROLE (glycerite lecithin) is a solu- tion of lecithin in glycerin containing in each 100 c.c. 1.6 grams of lecithin. It is prescribed as a nerve nutrient and rebuilder. Dose, 1 fluid dram, before meals. — Mfcs.: Fair- child Bros. & Foster, New York. LECITHOL is an emulsion-like solution of lecithin con- taining 1 grain of lecithin from hog's brain in each tea- 164 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA spoonful and 18 per cent, of alcohol by volume. It is an opalescent yellow liquid of pleasant taste and odor. Dose, 1 to 2 fluid drams. — Mfrs.: Armour & Co., Chicago, 111. LBCITHOL RIEDEL is lecithin as made by Riedel & Co., Berlin (Germ.) and New York. LENICET is a polymerized form of aluminum acetate occurring as a fine white powder of faint acidulous odor and representing 30 per cent, of aluminum oxide. It is intended as a dry substitute for the well-known solution of aluminum acetate. It is marketed also as dusting-powder (containing 10, 20 and 50 per cent, of lenicet, respectively), ointment (10 per cent.), and cream, as well as in the form of perulenicet (containing 10 per cent, of balsam of peru), which latter is supplied also as dusting-powder and com- presses. — Mfr.: Dr. R. Reiss, Berlin N, Germ. LENIGALLOL (pyrogallol triacetate, triacetylpyrogal- lol), C 12 H 12 6 , occurs as a white powder insoluble in water and incompatible with alkalies, strong acids or oxidizing agents. It is used as a mild substitute for pyrogallic acid (pyrogallol) in skin diseases, chiefly chronic eczema, to be applied in 5 to 10 per cent, ointments or pastes. — Mfrs.: Knoll & Co., Ludwigshafen (Germ.) and New York. LENIRENIN is said to contain lenicet, freshly precipi- tated and dried aluminum hydroxide, cocaine, and extract of the suprarenal glands. It is used as a styptic on bleed- ing wounds. — Mfr.: Dr. R. Reiss, Berlin, Germ. LENTAMINE is an alkaloid derived from lentana brasiliensis, and occurs as a white, odorless, very bitter powder which is soluble in alcohol but almost insoluble in water. It is employed as an intestinal antiseptic. Dose, 10 to 20 grains. LENTIN is a trade name applied to meta-phenylene- diamine hydrochloride, recently recommended as an anti- diarrheal in children. See this title. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. LEONTIN is "an aromatized liquid containing in pleas- ant form 1 per cent, of the isolated glycoside derived from the root of blue cohosh/' It is used as an emmenagogue. Dose, 5 to 30 minims. — Mfrs.: Lloyd Bros., Cincinnati, O. LEPINE is a French antiseptic solution containing mer- curic chloride, carbolic, salicylic and benzoic acids, calcium chloride, bromine, chloroform and quinine hydrobromide. LETALBIN (lecith-aloumin or lecithin albuminate) oc- curs as a yellow, stable powder containing 25 to 33 per cent, of lecithin. It is used as a nerve nutrient and re- constructive. Dose, 5 to 10 grains three times daily — Mfrs. : Blattmann & Cie, Wadenswiel, Switzerland. LEUCOFERMENTIN is an animal serum the antifer- ment content of which has been increased so as to make it correspond to that of normal human blood. It is used locally in the treatment of inflammatory processes where suppurative or fermentative destruction of tissue is to be THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 165 arrested. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. LEVULO-CHLORAL is described as being a compound of levulose and chloral that is soluble in water and in alcohol, and has hypnotic action. Dose, 2 to 10 grains; maximum dose, 15 grains. LEVULOSE (fructose; fruit sugar; diaoetin), C 6 H 12 6 , is prepared from invert sugar, and occurs as a colorless, odorless, slightly hygroscopic, crystalline powder, readily soluble in water and in diluted alcohol. It is a sweetening agent especially intended for diabetic subjects. Dose, 5 drams to 2 ounces per day. — Mfr.: E. Schering, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. LEVURETIN is a powdered, dried beer-yeast recom- mended by Dr. Goliner in diabetes, furunculosis, and chronic eczema, internally. Dose, a teaspoonful three times a day, before meals, in water. — Mfr.: E. Feigel, Lutterbach, Germ. LEVURINE is another dried yeast prepared specially for medicinal purposes, and used like the preceding article. LEVURINOSE is a beer-yeast that has been dried in a current of cold air. It is used internally like levuretin, in diabetes, furunculosis, chronic eczema, etc. Dose, a tea- spoonful three times a day. — Mfrs.: J. Blaes & Co., Lindau, Germ. LIANTHRAL (extractum olei litliranthracis) is defined as "coal tar purified from its insoluble constituents but re- taining its soluble and volatile ingredients, ,, a benzol ex- tract of coal tar, used in skin diseases in place of the older liquor and tinctura lithanthracis, in the form of ointment, tincture, soap, paste, etc. — Mfrs.: P. Beiersdorf & Co., Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. LIASOL ( ammonium sulpho-liasolate) is another prepa- ration reputed to be analogous to ichthyol. — Mfr.: Apoth. Haas, Reutlingen, Wurtenberg, Germany. LIBANOL is the ethereal oil of eedrus atlantica, of agreeable odor and taste, soluble in alcohol and insoluble in water. It is used in chronic catarrhs of the respiratory tract, as well as in gonorrhea and cystitis. Dose, 15 to 30 minims three times daily, in capsules. — Mfrs.: Schimmel & Co., Miltitz, Germ.; agts.: Fritzsche Bros., New York. LIBRADOL is a plasma based upon the old formula of compound lobelia powder (dracontium, sanguinaria, cephaelis, melaleuca, lobelia, lourus, capsicum and to- bacco). It is used as a topical anodyne, spread on parch- ment paper or directly upon the skin, in lumbago, neu- ralgia, etc. — Mfrs.: Lloyd Bros., Cincinnati, Ohio. LINADIN is a dry extract of the spleen, occurring as a dark-brown, almost odorless powder of marked codliver oil taste, containing about 1 per cent, of iron and 0.023 per cent, of Iodine, and insoluble in water. It is prescribed in anemia, scrofula, enlarged spleen, etc. Dose, 1 to 3 166 THE MODEBN MATERIA MEDICA tablets (only so marketed). — Mfrs.: Hoffmann-La Roche Chem. Works, Basle (Switzerland) and New York. LINCTUS COMPOUND is an expectorant and cough- sedative mixture each fluid ounce of which contains di- acetylmorphine % grain, chloroform 2 minims, wine of ipecac 20 minims, dilute phosphoric acid 16 minims, and tincture of squill 20 minims. The ordinary dose is 1 fluid dram. — Mfrs.: Sharp & Dohme, Baltimore, Md. LINIMENTUM CARRAGHENI is described by Wille as an unctuous mass soluble in water, prepared from Irish moss, and intended to serve as a substitute for vaselin and oil as a vehicle for antiseptics and other drugs. — Mfrs.: Aegidien-Apotheke, Braunschweig, Germ. LINOVAL is an ointment-base containing, according to the manufacturer, 93 per cent, of petrolatum, 5 per cent. of the fatty acid of linseed oil, 1 per cent, of ammonia, and 1 per cent, of lavender oil as perfume. It is said to take up 15 per cent, of water and to be permanent pro- vided it is not heated to its melting-point, 31° C. Hence all additions should be made only by cold incorporation. — Mfr.: Richard Schmidt, Altona, Germ. LIPOIODIN is the trade name adopted for diiodobrassi- dinic-acid ethyl ester of the formula C 21 H 39 I 2 .COOC 2 H 5 . It occurs as white, odorless, tasteless needles melting at 37° C, insoluble in water, sparingly soluble in alcohol, and readily soluble in fatty oils and ether. Its solutions must be protected against sunlight. It contains 41 per cent, of iodine, and is intended for use as a succedaneum for the alkali iodides. Dose, 5 to 15 grains. Marketed only in 5-grain tablets. — Mfrs.: Gesellschaft fur Chem. Industrie, Basle, Switzerland; agts.: A. Klipstein & Co., New York. LIPIODOL and LIPOBROMOL are iodized and bromin- ized oils, containing respectively 40 per cent, of iodine and 33% per cent, of bromine organically combined. Lipiodol is specially intended for subcutaneous use where a pro- nounced iodine effect is desired. Lipobromol is a pale- yellow liquid soluble in ether or chloroform but insoluble in alcohol or water. It is intended as a substitute per os and hypodermically for potassium bromide, 2 parts being the equivalent of 1 part of the latter. Dose, 15 to 60 grains. LIQUAT, first known as liqual, is a preparation of aluminum acetate and hydrogen dioxide which is used in solution as a disinfectant and astringent. — Mfr.: Dr. R. Reiss, Berlin, Germ. LIQUENZYME is "an elixir of the digestive ferments each teaspoonful of which will digest 3,000 grains of coagu- lated egg albumin when tested according to the directions given in the U. S. P. (eighth revision) for the valuation of pepsin. One teaspoonful added to one quart of lukewarm milk will produce a firm curd in fifteen to twenty min- utes. " Dose, 1 or 2 teaspoonfuls shortly before meals, or three or four times a day after meals in indigestion. — Mfrs.: John Wyeth & Bro., Philadelphia, Pa. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 167 LIQUID PEPTONOIDS, an emergency nutrient, is said to contain protein 5.25 per cent., and carbohydrate from beef, milk and wheat 13.8 per cent, physiologically pre- digested, in a menstruum containing 18 per cent, of alcohol by volume. Dose, a tablespoonful three to six times daily. Liquid peptonoids with creosote contains 2 minims of creosote and 1 minim of guaiacol to the tablespoonful. — Mfrs.: Arlington Chem. Co., Yonkers, N. Y. LIQUOR AMMONII ERGOTINICI is a clear, brown liquid 1 c.c. of which contains 0.3 gram of ammonium ergotinate (equivalent to 3 grams of ergot). It is used for the same purposes as ergot, internally or subcutaneously. Dose, 10 to 30 minims. LIQUOR THYREOIDE^E CONSERVATUS is defined as a stable liquid preparation of the thyroid gland of animals which have been treated for some time with potassium iodide or some other iodine compound. Six cubic centi- meters represent one thyroid gland. It is used in goiter, obesity, myxedema, etc. Dose, 3 drops three times daily, gradually increased. — Mfr.: Dr. Marpmann, Leipsic, Germ. LITHION DIURETIN is theobromine-lithium and lith- ium salicylate, or, as it is commonly designated, theo- bromine and lithium salicylate; see this. LITHIUM ACETYLSALICYLATE is described under its trade name, hydropyrin. LITHIUM AGARICINATE is a white powder readily soluble in water, and administered in doses of V/z to 3 grains at bedtime to arrest phthisical night-sweats. — Mfrs.: Riedel & Co., Berlin (Germ.) and New York. LITHIUM ARRHENAL is lithium monomethylar senate, and forms very deliquescent crystals soluble in water. It is used as an alterative and relatively non-toxic arsenical like the corresponding sodium salt (arrhenal). Dose, 1 to 3 grains twice daily, with meals, in water or as pills. LITHIUM AND CAFFEINE SULPHONATE.— See sym- phorol L. LITHIUM GLYCERINOPHOSPHATE (glycerophosphate or phosphoglycedite) has the formula Li 2 P0 4 C 3 H,(OH) 2 and occurs as a white powder readily soluble in water. It is used chiefly in gout associated with nervous weakness. Dose, 5 to 15 grains three times daily, as powders, syrup, or solution. Its liquid preparations do not keep but a few days; they should be prepared with sterile water, and in small quantities at a time. — (Nonproprietary.) LITHIUM-MERCURY IODIDE.— See mercuricide. LITHIUM QUINATE (chinate) is described under its trade name, urosin. LITHIUM VANADATE (lithium meta-vana'aie), LiV0 3 occurs as a yellowish powder, soluble in water. It has been used in gout — 1/15 grain per day every two or three days, in water. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.t Merck & Co., New York. LITHOS is the trade name adopted for Mulford'8 com- 168 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A pound tablets of lithium and sodium salicylate, each of which represents 4 grains of "combined lithium citrate and tartrate, with y 2 grain of sodium salicylate." The ar- ticle is employed as an antipodagric and antirheumatic. — Mfrs.: H. K. Mulford Co., Philadelphia, Pa. LIVER DRIED (hepar siccatum) represents five times its weight of the fresh ox liver. It is used in cirrhosis of the liver and Banti's disease. Dose, 1 dram three or four times a day. — (Nonproprietary.) LLYOD'S ERGOT is designed especially for subcuta- neous use. "Prom it are excluded the inorganic salts, the fats and the oil." It is employed in the same doses as the fluidextract; latterly also called subculoyd of ergot. — Mfrs.: Lloyd Bros., Cincinnati, O. LOCOSEMIN is a local anesthetic, apparently identical with eusemin. LODAL is defined as the hydrochloride of dimethoxy- methyl-dihydro-isoquinoline, an oxidation product of lauda- nosine (an alkaloid from opium). It is prescribed as a uterine hemostatic. Dose, 1 to 3 grains three or four times daily. Marketed also as 1-grain tabloids. — Mfrs.: Bur- roughs, Wellcome & Co., London (Eng.) and New York. LOZON is a brand of solution hydrogen dioxide. LUBRASEPTIC is a jelly prepared from Irish moss, c6h- taining 2 per cent, of boric acid and 0.067 per cent, of for- maldehyde. It occurs as a colorless, transparent jelly al- most completely soluble in water. It is used mainly as an antiseptic lubricant for the fingers or for surgical instru- ments; it is also used as a dressing for burns and slight cutaneous lesions. — Mfrs.: Russell & Lawrie, Tarrytown, N. Y. LUESAN (mercuroglidine) is an organic compound of mercury with the wheat protein giidine, marketed as tab- lets, each representing % grain of metallic mercury. It is offered as a succedaneum for mercuric chloride and the usual mercurials as an antiluetic. Dose, 1 to 3 tablets three times a day. — Mfr.: Dr. V. Klopper, Dresden-Leub- nitz, Germ.; agts.: Menley & James, New York. LUMINAL is the trade name adopted for phenyl-ethyh barbituric acid, a substance differing from veronal by hav- ing one of the two ethyl groups in the latter replaced by a phenyl group. It occurs as a white, odorless, slightly bit- ter powder, which melts at 170° to 172° C, is almost in- soluble in water but is soluble in alcohol, chloroform or ether as well as in alkali solutions. Its action is that of a hypnotic and nerve sedative. Dose, 5 to 10 grains. Mar- keted also as 5-grain tablets. — Mfrs.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ., and Farbenfabriken of Eiberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York; agts.: Merck & Co., and Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld Co., New York. LUMINAL-SODIUM, the sodium salt of the preceding, is a readily soluble, hygroscopic salt, intended for sub- cutaneous or rectal use as a hypnotic. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 169 gram of the dried yellow substance of cows' ovaries." The article is used in certain female complaints. Dose, 1 to 3 tablets three times daily. — Mfr.: Dr. Henschke, Breslau, Germany. > LYCETOL is dimethyl-pip erazin tartrate (C 2 HJ X - (NCH 3 ) 2 .C 4 H 6 6 . It occurs as a white, odorless, slightly hygroscopic powder of pleasant, acidulous taste, and read- ily soluble in water. It is incompatible with alkalies. It was introduced as a substitute for piperazin in gout and gravel. Dose, 4 to 8 grains four times a day in carbonated water, sweetened if desired. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. LYMPH-ORCHITIC FLUID COMPOUND is an organo- therapeutic preparation for use in impotence, presenility, neurasthenia, etc. It is also known as Roberts-Hawley Lymph Compound. — Mfrs.: Animal Therapy Co., Chicago, 111. LYSARGINE is a new trade name for colloidal silver, which preparation is better known on this market by the name of collargol. It occurs as steel-gray, shining scales, readily and quickly soluble in water. It is used just like collargol. — Mfrs.: Kalle & Co., Biebrich, Germ. LYSIDIN (amidine; ethylene-ethenyldiamine "hydrochlo- ride), C 4 H S N 2 .HC1, occurs as a bright-red crystalline mass which is very hygroscopic, has a mousy odor, and is read- ily soluble in water or alcohol, but insoluble in ether. It is marketed only in 50 per cent, solution, a pinkish-yellow liquid which is claimed to be a uric acid solvent. Dose, 30 to 150 minims per day, in carbonated water. Incompatible with mercuric chloride and iodide, and ferric chloride. — Mfrs.: Farwerke, Hoechst-on-M., Germ.; agts.: V. Koechel & Co., New York. LYSITOL is an analogue of lysol and thus similar to the official liquor cresolis compositus. — Mfr.: J. L. Roessler, Prague, Austria. LYSOFORM is essentially a solution of a potash soap impregnated with formaldehyde, known on this market as veroform, which see. LYSOL is a proprietary analogue of the official com- pound solution of cresol. Lysol pills (Dr. Zinsser's) con- tain in each pill 0.1 gram of lysol with ferrous lactate. — Mfrs.: Schiilke & Mayr, Hamburg, Germ.: agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. LYSOLVEOL is another article similar to U. S. P. solu- tion of cresol compound. LYSOPAST is a brown, transparent, soft mass, consist- ing of 90 per cent, of lysol and 10 per cent, of a neutral soap. — Mfr.: C. F. Hausmann, St. Galen, Switzerland. LYSULFOL is defined as a compound of lysol containing 10 per cent, of sulphur; a thick, black liquid, completely soluble in water. It is employed in skin diseases. — Mfrs.: Schiilke & Mayr, Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. 170 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA LYTHOL is a liquid antiseptic the active ingredients of which are eucalyptol, thymol, oil of wintergreen, and bo- rates. It is used from full strength down to 1:6 dilution. — Mfrs.: Hudson & Co., New York. M MAGNESIUM CACODYLATE, an arsenical compound, said to be comparatively non-toxic, occurs as a white pow- der soluble in water. It is used chiefly subcutaneously — 8 to 15 minims of a 5 per cent, solution daily. — (Nonpro- prietary. ) LUTEIN is the name applied to "tablets containing 0.3 MAGNESIUM DIOXIDE. — See magnesium peroxide. MAGNESIUM PERHYDROL is a brand name for mag- nesium peroxide (dioxide) as made by E. Merck, Darm- stadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. MAGNESIUM PEROXIDE as marketed is not the pure and simple chemical Mg0 2 , but a mixture of peroxide 15 to 25 parts with magnesium oxide 75 to 85 parts. It oc- curs as" an odorless, white powder insoluble in the ordi- nary organic solvents. On contact with water it is gradu- ally decomposed into hydrogen dioxide and magnesium hydroxide, the former being further decomposed by the latter with liberation of oxygen. Dilute acids decompose it with formation of a solution containing hydrogen dioxide. It is used medicinally as an oxidizing disinfectant and an- tizymotic in gastrointestinal fermentation, and in large doses as a laxative; furthermore, it serves as an oxygen producing ingredient of tooth powders and tooth pastes. It is marketed by various firms under special trade names. Dose, 5 to 10 grains; as a laxative, % teaspoonful. MAGNESIUM SULPHITE, MgS0 3 +6H 2 0, occurs as a white crystalline powder, soluble in about 30 parts of water. It is used as an antizymotic and disinfectant in dysentery and other infectious diarrheas; it has no pro- nounced disagreeable taste, and is therefore deemed pref- erable to sodium sulphite. Dose, 15 to 30 grains every two hours; children 3 to 8 grains, in sweetened solution. — ( Non proprietary. ) MAGNODAT is a trade name for magnesium peroxide as marketed by Chem. Fabrik, Coswig, Germ. MAIZOLE is a 50-per cent, emulsion of corn oil, proposed as a substitute for cod-liver oil. — Mfrs.: Abbott Alkaloidal Co., Chicago, 111. MALAKIN is salicyl-para-phenetidin, C 8 H4(OC 2 H 6 )N.- CH.C H 4 .OH-|-H,O, a condensation product of salicylic alde- hyde and para-phenetidin. It forms fine, yellow needles, insoluble in water, slightly soluble in alcohol, and quite freely soluble in solutions of alkali carbonates. It is an antipyretic and antineuralgic; also a tsenifuge. Dose, 8 to 15 grains several times daily. — Mfrs.: Cxesellschaft fur THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 171 Chem. Industrie, Basle, Switzerland; agts.: Meyer Bros. Drug Co., St. Louis, Mo. MALLEIN (Dr. Foth) is a glanders serum used as a diagnostic of glanders in horses. It is marketed in liquid as well as dry form. Dose, of liquid, 1 c.c. per injection; of dry, y 2 to % grain. — Mfrs.: Serum-Gesellschaft, Lands- berg, Germany. MALONAL is another trade name for diethylbarbituric acid or malonylurea, an article better known as veronal, which see. — Mfrs.: Fritz-Petzoldt & Suss, Vienna, Austria. MALOUREA is identical with veronal (malonylurea). MALT-ALBUMIN ("Malz-Eiweiss") is what Dr. Klopfer calls a nutritive prepared from wheat flour and barley malt according to a patented process. It is said to contain about 34 per cent, of albumin, 2 per cent, of nutritive salts, 46 per cent, of soluble maltodextrin and 18 per cent of con- verted starch. It is taken with milk, soup, etc., in quan- tities of 2 to 4 spoonfuls. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik Dr. Klop- fer, Dresden-Leubnitz (Germ.); agts.: Menley & James, New York. MALT-GLIDINE, barley malt with glidine (wheat pro- tein) is said to contain 37 per cent, of vegetable protein, 34 per cent, of maltose, 18 per cent, of fat, 6 per cent, of lecithin and 5 per cent, of phosphoric acid with cereal salts. It occurs as a light-yellowish powder, and is used as a tonic food and nerve nutrient. Dose, 1 dessertspoon- ful three times a day, with foods; it should not be cooked. — Mfrs.: Menley & James, New York. MALTROPON is referred to under tropon. MALTYL is a brand of dried malt extract. — Mfr.: Gehe & Co., Dresden, Germ. MALTZYME is, according to the Chemical Laboratory of the American Medical Association, a preparation essen- tially equivalent to the official extract of malt and contain- ing 7 per cent, of alcohol. It is marketed plain and in various medicamentous combinations. — Mfrs.: Malt Dias- tase Co., New York. MAMMALA is a milk powder for infants' use simply diluted with water for each feeding. — Mfrs.: Schieffelin & Co., New York. MAMMARY GLAND DRIED is used in the treatment of profuse and painful menstruation and of uterine and ova- rian tumors. Dose, 2 to 5 grains three times daily. MAMMIN is described as a preparation of the mammary gland which is free from the so-called precipitins but contains all the active constituents of the gland. It is used in tablet form or subcutaneously. Dose, 8 grains. MANGANESE GLYCERINOPHOSPHATE, MnP0 4 C,H 5 - (OH) 2 +H 3 0, is a yellowish-white powder, soluble in water and employed in the same dose and for the same purposes as iron glycerinophosphate. — (Nonproprietary.) MANKA Capsules (Dr. Hirsch) contain oil sandalwood, arbutin and ethereal extract of buchu. They are used in 172 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A gonorrhea, cystitis and prostatitis. — Mfrs.: Strauss- Apoke- eke, Berlin C, Germany. MANNIN is the name selected for a substance claimed to be identical with orthoform. MANOLA is exploited as a tonic and restorative. Ac- cording to analyses made in the laboratory of the Amer- ican Medical Association, it is essentially wine fortified with alcohol and a slight percentage of medicinal sub- stances added. — Mfrs. : Manola Co., St. Louis, Mo. MANUFORM is a formaldehyde-soap cream intended for use by surgeons and obstetricians as a disinfectant of the hands. — Mfrs.: Simon's Apotheke, Berlin C, Germany. MARACH, also known as Denver mud, is a sterliized, antiseptic poultice material, analogous to the official cata- plasm of kaolin. — Mfrs.: Germicide Co., Denever, Colo. MARKASOL is defined as bismuth borophenate of the formula Bi 2 3 B(C 6 H 5 ) (C0 3 ) 8 H 2 0. It occurs as a white powder smelling strongly of camphor and having a burn- ing taste. It is intended chiefly as a surgical antiseptic in- stead of iodoform. — Mfrs.: Kress & Owens Co., New York. MARSITRIOL is a trade name for iron glycerinoar- senate; which see. MARSYLE is a French trade name for iron cacodylate; see the latter. — Mfrs. : F. Gomar Fils & Co., Paris, France. MASSOGRAN is a milk-curdling powder that owes its activity to the presence of cultures of the lactic acid bacil- lus. — Mfrs.: A. H. Cox & Co., Brighton, Eng. MASSOLIN is a culture of the bacillus bulgaricus of Massol. It is said to prevent the growth of pathogenic germs and putrefactive organisms. It is used topically in suppurative conditions, chronic nasal catarrh, atrophic rhinitis, etc. — Mfrs.: Lederle Antitoxin Laboratories, New York; agts.: Schieffelin & Co., New York. MECONARCEINE is what Laborde calls a substance ob- tained from opium, free from morphine and soluble in water. It is used as an anodyne. Dose, 1/10 to % grain. Marketed in solution put up in hermetically sealed tubes and containing camphor as a preservative. MEDINAL is the trade name for a brand of sodium di- ethylbarbiturate ; the mono-sodium salt of veronal (di- ethyl-barbituric acid). It is fully described under its chemical name. — Mfr.: E. Schering, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Schering and Glatz, New York. MELACHOL (liquor sodii phosphatis et nitratis com- positus) is a compound solution of sodium phosphate, each fluid dram of which contains 65 grains total of sodium phosphate, sodium nitrate and citric acid. It is a laxa- tive. Dose, 1 to 2 fluid drams. — Mfrs.: Melachol Pharm. Co., St. Louis, Mo. MELICEDIN consists of acid strontium citrate 48.92 per cent., acid sodium citrate 21.66 per cent., glycerin 23.45 per cent, and water 5.97 per cent. It occurs as a white powder having a sweet-sour taste and a slightly acid reaction. It THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 173 is used in diabetes. Dose, a teaspoonful. — Mfr.: J. E. Stroschein, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: General Drug Co., New York. MELIGRIN is described by the manufacturers as being obtained by the condensation of dimethyloxyquinizine with methylphenylacetamide. It occurs as a white, micro- crystalline powder of bitter, somewhat pungent taste, freely holuble in water, and melting at 105° C. It is in- tended as a succedaneum for migrainin and other anti- neuralgics of the antipyrin class. — Mfrs.: Hoeckert & Michalowsky, Berlin, Germ. MELIOFORM is a liquid disinfectant consisting of 25 per cent, of formaldehyde solution, 15 per cent, of alumin- ium acetate, and a number of indifferent substances. For use, it is diluted with 250 volumes of water, that is, a tea- spoonful is added to a quart of water. — Mfrs.: Liithi & Buhtz, Berlin, Germ. MELUBRIN (Ehrlich's 8U) is an antipyretic and anti- rheumatic denned as sodium phenyldimethylpyrazalon- amido-methylsulphonate, or sodium antipyrin-amido-me- thanesulphonate. It occurs as a fine powder soluble in an equal part of water and almost Insoluble in the remaining organic solvents. Dose, 8 to 20 grains. Marketed only as 8-grain tablets. — Mfrs.: Meister, Lucius & Bruning, Hoechst-on-M. (Germ.); agts.: Victor Koechl & Co., New York. MENINGOCOCCUS SERUM Is an antitoxic serum de- rived from the blood of horses immunized against cerebro- spinal meningitis by means of injections of cultures of the diplococcus intracellulars, which micro-organism is considered the cause of the disease in question. Experi- ments have proved the efficiency of the serum in animals. The addition of sodium nucleinate considerably enhances the immunizing power of the serum. Tests on human be- ings, it is stated, have been encouraging though too limited in number as yet to permit of formulating a definite opin- ion. The serum seems to possess a remarkable agglutin- izing effect on the blood-serum of patients afflicted witn meningitis, whereby it is possible to differentiate genuine and spurious diplococci. — (Nonproprietary.) MENTHOL ETHYLGLYCOLATE — See coryfln. MENTHOL-IODOLE is a mixture of 1 part of menthol and 99 parts of iodole, used principally in throat affections and ozena, by insufflation. — Mfrs.: Kalle & Co., Biebrich, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. MENTHOL VALERINATE.— See validol. MENTHOPHENOL is a compound resulting from heat- in 1 part of carbolic acid with 3 parts of menthol, and accurring as a clear liquid of aromatic odor and taste, almost insoluble in water or glycerin, freely soluble in alcohol, chloroform or ether, and readily taking up iodine, Iodoform or aristol. It is used as an antiseptic and anal- 174 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDtCA gesic locally, either pure or in 3 to 5 per cent, mixture with warm water. — (Nonproprietary.) MENTHOPHENOL-COCAINE (Bonain) is obtained by melting together equal parts of crystallized carbolic acid and menthol at a moderate heat and then incorporating an equal part of cocaine hydrochloride. It is a powerful local anesthetic and dental anodyne. MENTHOROL (menthosol) is para-chlorphenol with menthol (added as a corrigent of taste and odor), which is used in 5 to 15 per cent, solution in glycerin as a paint in laryngeal tuberculosis.- — Mfrs.: Von Heyden Chem. Works, Radebeul (Germ.) and New York. MENTHOXOL is a 3 per cent, hydrogen peroxide solu- tion containing 1 per cent, of menthol and about 33 per cent, of alcohol, and used in 5 to 10 per cent, solution as a gargle in inflammatory throat troubles. In cold weather the menthol is liable to crystallize out; warming the solu- tion dissolves it again. — Mfr.: C. Raspe, "Weissensee near Berlin, Germ.; agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. MENTHYPHEN is a liquid antiseptic, stimulant and ex : pectorant for use in throat and bronchial affections, each fluid ounce of which represents phenol 2 grains, thymol, menthol, oil gaultheria, sanguinarine nitrate, and lobeline sulphate, of each 1/12 grain, in glycerite of elm bark. — Mfr.: Wm. S. Merrell Chem. Co., Cincinnati, O. MERCAURO is a solution of the bromides of mercury, gold and arsenic, used as antisyphilitic and alterative. Each 10 drops contain 1/32 grain each of the bromides of arsenic, gold and mercury. — Mfrs.: Parmele Pharm. Co., New York. MERCINOL is a "gray oil" consisting of mercury 4 parts, anhydrous wool-fat 2 parts and oil dericin 6.5 parts. It is used in syphilis, in conjunction with joha. — Mfrs.: Engel-Apotheke, Breslau, Germ. MERCOLINT (mercurlint) is a cotton fabric impreg- nated with 90 per cent, of mercurial ointment, worn over the chest in syphilis. Apron No. 1 contains 10, No. II 25, and No. Ill 50 grams of mercury. — Mfrs.: P. Beiersdorf & Co., Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. MERCOQUINOL (merochinol) is mercury oxyquinoline- sulphonate, a heavy, yellow powder soluble in about 25 parts of water and containing 30 per cent, of mercury. It is intended for use in syphilis internally, subcutaneously or externally. — Mfrs.: Fr. Fritsche & Co., Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Parmele Pharm. Co., New York. MERCURAN is a 50 per cent, mercury ointment made with a specially prepared goose oil and containing 1 per cent, of carbolic acid as a preservative. It is intended for the inunction treatment of syphilis, and, according to Dr. E. H. Shields, is rapidly absorbed through the skin, and less irritating than similar preparations. It is supplied in soft gelatin capsules containing 4 grams, which quantity THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 175 constitutes the inunctionary dose. — Mfrs.: Eusoma Pharm. Co., Cincinnati, O. MERCURCOLLOID (mercury colloid) is a soft ointment of blackish-gray color and aromatic odor, containing 10 per cent, of colloidal metallic mercury. It is intended for external and internal use, in place of blue ointment or blue pill. Dose, per os, 2 to 5 grains three times daily, as pills made with aluminium hydrate (marketed also as such). Mercurcolloid should not be confounded with colloidal mercury (hyrgol). — Mfr.: O. Ebel, Berlin, Germ. MERCURETTES are oblong blocks of cacao butter con- taining 30 grains of mercury each and designed for the in- unction treatment of syphilis. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. MERCURICIDE {lithium-mercury iodide) is a double salt containing 34 per cent, of Hg, 65 of I, and 1 of Li, freely soluble in water, not precipitated by fixed alkalies, hence not decomposed by the blood, and claimed to be a stronger germicide than the older mercuric salts in gen- eral yet less toxic (because it contains less mercury.) — Mfrs.: Smith, Kline & French, Philadelphia, Pa. MERCURIFORM is a compound of a mercuric salt with hexamethylenamine, containing about 65 per cent, of mer- cury. It is soluble in 1000 parts of water, and its solutions do not precipitate albumin. It is a germicide, analogous to mercuric chloride. Marketed only as an ointment, for ophthalmic use. — Mfrs. : Nelson, Baker & Co., Detroit, Mich. MERCUROGLIDINE is marketed under the trade name luesan y which see. MERCURO-IODO-HEMOL. fmer euro-iodized hemol) is a brown powder containing 12.35 per cent, of mercury and 28.6 per cent, of iodine, with hemol. It is prescribed in syphilis accompanied by anemia or scrofula. Dose, -V% to 2 grains, three times a day, usually in pills, sometimes given subcutaneously. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. MERCUROL (mercury nucleide, mercury nucleinate) is an organic compound of mercury, with nucleinic acid from yeast, and forms a brown powder containing 10 per cent, of mercury, and soluble in water, but insoluble in alcohol. It is an antipurulent, astringent and alterative. Dose, y 2 to 2 grains three times a clay. Applied in ^ to 5 per cent, solutions or ointments. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. MERCURY AMIDOPHENYLARSINATE — See mercury atoxylate. MERCURY ANILINATE, Hg(C 6 H 4 NH 2 ) 2 , occurs as a white, colorless, tasteless powder, containing 52 per cent, of Hg, and insoluble in water. It is employed in syphilis — by inunction, in 30 to 35 per cent, ointments; by intramus- cular injection, rubbed up with vaselin oil; as ^ to 3 per cent, ointment on wounds; and internally % to % grain 176 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A three times a day, in pills. — Mfr.: W. K. Ferrein, Moscow, Russia. MERCURY ATOXYLATE (atoxyl-mercury) is described as "the acid mercury salt of atoxylic acid, containing 23.7 per cent, of arsenic and 31.8 per cent, of mercury. It is a white powder, practically insoluble in water, contains no water of crystallization, and shows a slightly pinkish tinge when heated to 100° C. Its solutions do not precipitate albumin." It is employed mainly as an antisyphilitic by intramuscular injection, suspended in olive oil, liquid pe- trolatum or other oleaginous vehicle. Dose, % to IVg grains, twice a week. — Mfrs.: Vereinigte Chem. Werke, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Victor Koechl & Co.. New York. MERCURY GACODYLATE (mercuric cacodylate or methyl-ar senate), [(CH 3 ) 2 As0 2 ] 3 Hg, occurs as a white hygroscopic, crystalline powder, soluble in water, and used by intramuscular injection in syphilis. Dose, % to 1 grain daily. — ( Nonproprietary. ) MERCURY, COLLOIDAL or SOLUBLE.— See hyrgol. MERCURY DIBROMIDE, HgBr 2 , has recently been in- troduced for hypodermic and internal use in syphilis. It is sparingly soluble in water, alcohol or ether; hot water de- composes it. For subcutaneous use a solution is made of 1 grain of the dibromide and 0.6 grain of sodium bromide, the latter serving to increase the solubility of the mercury salt and render its solution sterilizable without decomposi- tion. — ( Nonproprietary. ) MERCURY FORMAMIDE SOLUTION contains the salt Hg(HCONH) 2 besides some free formamide, 1 c.c. con- tains an amount of mercury equivalent to 0.01 gram of mercuric chloride. It is used hypodermically in syphilis, 15 minims every other day. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. MERCURY GALLATE, Hg[C 6 H 2 (OH) 3 C0 2 ] 2 , forms a grayish-brown powder, containing 37 per cent, of mercury, insoluble in water, but soluble in solutions of the alkalies. It is prescribed as an antisyphilitic. Dose, 1 to 3 grains per day, in pills with extract of cinchona. — (Nonproprietary.) MERCURY-GLIDIN is brought forward as an anti- syphilitic. It is marketed in the form of tablets each of which contain 1/12 grain of metallic mercury in organic combination. — Mfr.: Dr. Klopfer, Dresden, Germ.; agts.: Menley & James, New York. MERCURY IMIDOSUCCINATE.-— See mercury succini- mide. MERCURY IODOCACODYLATE is obtained in solution by dissolving 1 gram of mercury cacodylate and 2 grams of cacodylic acid in 75 grams of distilled water, adding a so- lution of 1 gram of sodium iodide in 3 grams of distilled water, neutralizing with dilute soda solution, and adding distilled water to make 100 grams. This liquid is said to be stable and sterilizable, and is used by injection in THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 177 syphilis — 1 to 2 c.c. daily or every other day. Keep from light. MERCURY IODOOXYBENZOLPARASULPHONATE.— See anogon. MERCURY NUCLEATE.— See mercurol. MERCURY OXYCYANIDE, HgO.Hg(CN) 2 , is obtained by dissolving the mercury oxide freshly precipitated from 10 grams of mercuric chloride, and 9.5 grams of mercury cyanide in 100 grams of water. It forms a white or faintly yellow powder, soluble in water. It is used as an antiseptic. It is applied in 0.2 to 2 per cent, solution. — (Nonproprietary.) MERCURY OXYQUINQLINESULPHONATE— See mer- coquinol. MERCURY PARAMINOPHENYLARSINATE.— See aspi- rochyl. MERCURY PARA-PHENOLSULPHONATE is hydrargy- rol. MERCURY SALICYLARSINATE is referred to under €7l€SOl. MERCURY SALICYLATE, HgC 7 H 4 3 , is a white powder containing about 59 per cent, of mercury, and soluble in solution of sodium chloride or alkalies, insoluble in water or alcohol. It is used in syphilis and gonorrhea. Dose, % to 1 grain; applied to ulcers, etc., in 1 per cent, ointment or powder; injected in gonorrhea in 1:300 suspension every second or third day. — (Nonproprietary.) MERCURY SOZOIODOLATE— See sozoio dole-mercury. MERCURY SUCCINIMIDE (mercury imido succinate), Hg(C 4 H 4 N0 2 ) 2 , occurs as a white powder, soluble in about 75 parts of water, slightly soluble in alcohol. It has been recommended as an agreeable antisyphilitic by injection — % to % grain daily -in 1 per cent, solution. It may be given by mouth in doses of % to % grain three times daily. — ( Nonproprietary. ) MERCURY SULPHOICHTHYOLATE Is described under ichthermol. MERGAL is a mixture of "mercuric cholate, Hg(C 24 - H 39 5 ) 2 , one part, and tannin albuminate two parts." it occurs as a greenish-yellow powder of bitter taste, prac- tically insoluble in water but more readily soluble in alkali solutions. It is offered as an antisyphilitic. Two and a fourth grains of it equal in mercury content 5/22 grain of corrosive sublimate. Marketed as 2 1 / 4 grain capsules; dose, 1 to 3 three or four times daily. — Mf rs. : Riedel & Co., Berlin (Germ.) and New York. MERIODIN is another trade name for mercury diiodo- paraphenolsulpTionate, also known as sozoio dole-mercury, and marketed as tablets each containing 0.0083 Gm. of the substance (equivalent to 0.0025 Gm. of mercury). — Mfr.: H. Trommsdorff, Aix-la-Chapelle, Germ.; agts.: Mallinck- rodt Chem. Works, St. Louis, Mo. MESOTAN is the trade name for salicylic acid methyl- 178 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA oxymethyl ester or methyloxymethyl salicylate, C 6 H 4 .OH.- COO.CH 2 OCH 3 , which occurs as a clear, yellow fluid of aro- matic odor, specific gravity 1.2, only slightly soluble in water, but miscible with alcohol, ether, chloroform and fatty oils. It is used in the main locally in articular and muscular rheumatism, 30 minims, mixed with the same quantity of olive oil, being lightly applied two or three times a day. It is speedily absorbed. After four days its use is generally suspended for a day or two, on account of its irritant action on the skin. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. METABIASES is the generic name adopted by a French firm for what it describes as "pure, metallic ferments" — gold, silver, platinum and palladium, intended for use by injection in infectious diseases, such as articular rheu- matism, pneumonia, scarlet fever, etc. — Mfrs.: Max Freres, Paris, France. METACETONE is referred to under diethylketone. METACRESYL ACETATE.— See cresatin. METAFERRIN is a compound of phosphorus, iron and albumin, containing 10 per cent, of phosphoric acid and 10 per cent, of iron. It is used as a chalybeate tonic. Dose, 8 grains.. Arsen-metaferrin is the same with the addition of 0.1 per cent, of arsenic. Iod-metaferrin contains 7% per cent, each of iodine and iron and 8 per cent, of phosphoric acid. Marketed only as 4-grain tablets. Metaferrose is an aromatized solution of metaferrin; arsen-metaferrose the latter with 0.004 per cent, of arsenic; iod-metaferrose is metaferrose with 0.3 per cent, of iodine. — Mfr.: Dr. Wal- ther Wolff & Co., Elberfeld, Germ. META-PHENYLENEDIAMINE (meta-diamidobenzene) HYDROCHLORIDE, C 6 H 4 (NH 2 ) 2 .2HC1, also known as lentin, was heretofore used only as a test for nitrates and for technical purposes. Latterly Dr. Unverricht uses it as an antidiarrheal. Dose, V-/ 2 grains three times daily; children, % to 1 grain. — (Nonproprietary.) METASOL. — See under anytin. METHACETIN (acetanisidin, parc^oxymethylaeetanilid), C 6 H 4 .OCH 3 ,NH.COCH ? ., occurs as colorless and odorless crystals, readily soluble in alcohol but sparingly soluble in water. It is used as an antipyretic and antineuralgic. Dose, 5 to 10 grains. — (Nonproprietary.) METHAFORM is a trade name for chlorbutanol, which see. — Mfrs.: F. Stearns & Co., Detroit, Mich. METHARSINATE is a French trade name for disodium metlxylar senate (not sodium dimethylarsenate or cacody- late). — Mfrs.: Clin & Co., Paris, France; agts.: E. Fou- gera & Co., New York. METHENYL TRIBROMIDE is a synonym of bromoform. METHETHYL is a mixture of ethyl chloride and methyl chloride, employed as a local anesthetic. — Mfr.: Dr. G. F. Henning, Berlin, Germ. METHOZINE is a synonym of antipyrin. tHE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA . 179 METHYL-ACETANILID or methyl-phenylacetamide, Is described under its trade name, exalgin. METHYL ACETYLSALICYLATE, also known by the trade names methyl-aspirin and methyl-rhodine, has the formula C 6 H 4 |COOCH 3 .OCOCH 3 . It is methyl salicylate in which an H atom has been replaced by an acetyl group. It forms colorless crystals that are soluble in alcohol, ether, glycerin and fatty oils, but are insoluble in water; alkalies decompose it. It is an antirheumatic, analgesic and antiseptic, like salicylic acid. Dose, single, 8 to 15 grains; daily, 75 to 120 grains. METHYL1ATROPINE BROMIDE.— See atropine methyl- bromide. METHYL CHLORIDE (chloro-methane), CH 3 C1, is a gas of ethereal odor, obtained by distilling methyl alcohol, salt and sulphuric acid. It is marketed only compressed to a liquid in metallic cylinders, and is employed as a local anesthetic in neuralgias, etc., as a spray. — (Nonpro- prietary.) METHYL-GLYCOCHOLIC-ACID-PHENETIDID is a chemical designation for kryofine. METHYLOIDS are capsules each containing methylene blue 1 grain, oil of santal 1^ minims, copaiba 1% minims, haarlem oil l 1 /^ minims, and cinnamon oil V 2 minim. They are used as a urinary anticatarrhal and antiseptic. — Mfrs.: F. Stearns & Co., Detroit, Mich. METHYL-PROPYL-CARBINOL URETHANE, or methyl- propylcarbinol carbamic-acid ester, is marketed as hedo- nal, which see. METHYL-RHODIN is a French trade name adopted for methyl acetyls alicy late, which see. METHYLSULFONAL is the name given to trional (sulphonethylmethane U. S. P.) in the German Pharma- copoeia. METHYL-XANTHINE, METHYL-XANTHINE AND SO- DIUM ACETATE and METHYL-XANTHINE AND SODIt UM SALICYLATE are facsimiles respectively of theobro- mine, agurin and diuretin. — Mfr.: J. Wolfenberg, Basle, Switzerland. METHYLENE BLUE is an anilin product which is used as an antimalarial and a urinary disinfectant, and to a very limited extent also as an analgesic (subcutaneously). It is official under the title methylthionine hydrochloride. Care should be taken to dispense only the medicinal grade; the ordinary dye contains zinc and arsenic, and is not fit for medicinal use. METHYLENE-DIGUAIACOL is known by several trade names: geoform, guaiaform, and pulmoform. It occurs as a yellow, tasteless powder, with a faint vanilla-like odor; soluble in alcohol, insoluble in water. It is used in con- sumption chiefly. Dose, 5 to 10 grains three or four times a day, as powders. See caution under formaldehyde. 180 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A METHYLENE-DIGUAIACOL BENZOIC ACID ESTER la the chemical designation for guaialin. METHYLENE-DIGUAIACOL CAMPHORIC ACID ES- TER is marketed and here described under the name cam- phacol. METHYLENE-DITANNIN is tannoform. METHYLENE GUAIACOLACETYLATE is the appella- tion adopted for a brand of the product heretofore known only as euguform.. See caution regarding methylene compounds under formaldehyde. METHYLENE-HIPPURIC ACID, C 6 H 5 CO.N.(CH 2 ) 3 CO.O, is intended as a urinary disinfectant and uric acid solvent; it readily splits off formaldehyde. — (Nonproprietary.) METHYLETS are soluble gelatin pearls containing methylene blue 1 grain, santal oil 1% minims, copaiba 1% minims, oil of cinnamon % minim. Antigonorrheal. Dose, 1 or 2 pearls three or four times daily. — Mfr.: Sharp & Dohme, Baltimore, Md. METRAMINE is a brand name for hexametfiylenamine. METROGLYCERIN is defined as a supposedly sterile liquid, containing 10 per cent, of glycerin, 2 per cent, of gelatin, and minimal quantities of resin acid esters. It is used by intrauterine injection as a uterine contractor and hemostatic. Tetanus germs may exist in gelatin and are difficult to destroy. Imperfectly sterilized solutions have in hypodermic use caused fatal infection, and there may be risk from uterine or rectal injection also — Mfrs.: Chem- Fabrik "Heifenberg," Helfenberg, Germ.; agts.: Reinschild Chem. Co., New York. MICROCIBIN is a trade name for sodium betanaphtolate, which is used as a surgical disinfectant in 3 to 5 per cent, solution. MIDOL is a secret headache remedy in tablet form, now being advertised extensively to the public. According to analyses in the chemical laboratory of the American Medi- cal Association, the tablets (weighing on the average about 6.4 grains) contain as their therapeutically active in- gredient about 80 per cent, of pyramidon, together with a small quantity of caffeine. — General Drug Co., New York. MIDY'S MIXTURE is described as a solution of 0.05 gram of subcutin (anesthesin sulphocarbolate), 0.1 gram of mercury biniodide, 0.1 gram of sodium iodide, 0.02 gram of sodium chloride, and distilled water to make 100 c.c. MIGRAININ, also called plienazone-caffeine citrate, is a mixture consisting according to an analysis made at the chemical laboratory of the American Medical Association of antipyrin (phenazone) 90.97 per cent., the balance being moisture. It occurs as a white, crystalline powder, soluble In water and alcohol. It is used in migraine, headaches, neuralgias, etc. Dose, 15 grains in water; other liquids should be avoided. — Mfrs.: Farbwerke, Hoechst-on-M., Germ.; agts.: V. Koechl & Co., New York, THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 181 MIGRANOL is a headache embrocation consisting es- sentially of a 10 per cent, solution of menthol in acetic ether, to which 4 per cent, of spirit of ammonia and a little camphor and perfume oils are added. — Mfr. : L. Stott- meister, Leipsic R, Germ. MIGROL is said to consist of equal parts of sodium- pyrocatechin acetate (guajacetin) and caffeine-pyrocate- chin acetate. It is prescribed in migraine, headache, and the like. Dose, 8 grains once to three times daily. — Mfrs.: Drs. v. Gember & Fehlhaber, Weissensee, Germ.; agts.: Fuerst Bros., New York. MIGROPHEN is the trade name given to a compound of lecithin and quinine. The article is but slightly bit- ter, and is said to be comparatively free from the by-effects of quinine. Dose, 4 tG 10 grains. — Mfrs.: "Sicco," Berlin, Germ. MIN-ALA is an American natural, sparkling, laxative water from springs at Mineral Weils, Texas. It is said to contain in each gallon sodium sulphate 196.64 grains, so- dium chloride 19.38 grains, calcium sulphate 32.3 grans, magnesium sulphate 21.77 grains, silica 8.32 grains, and carbonic acid 30 grains. Dose, a glassful three to twelve times daily. Min-ala tablet split is an effervescent tablet made from the salts of the water and each representing a tumblerful of the water. The salts are also marketed, as well as a tooth-paste, salve, residue oil and soap. Mar- keted by Standard Mineral Water Co., Mineral Wells, Texas, and New York. MOLYFORM is a molybdenum compound of undivulged nature, introduced by Drs. E. Lampe and H. Klose as a medicinal and surgical antiseptic. It occurs as a fine white powder having an astringent taste and soluble in water to the extent of 10 per cent. — Mfrs.: Molyform Co., Frankfort-on-M., Germ. MONOACETYL-PYROGALLOL is a snyonym of eugalloh MONOBENZOYL-ARBUTIN — See cellotropin. MONOBROM-ETHANE is ethyl bromide. MONOBROM-ISOVALERIANYL-UREA.-— See bromural. MONOIODOISOVALERYLGLYCOLUREA. — See achiio- bromin. MONOBROM-PHENOL, ORTHO-, also known as brom- phenol and monobromated phenol, C Q H 4 Br.OH, is a reddish- yellow, oily liquid of strong odor, soluble in 100 parts of water and in ether or chloroform, and used in 1 to 2 per cent, ointments in erysipelas, wounds, etc. — (Nonproprie- tary.) MONOCHLORAL-ANTIPYRIN.— See hypnal. MONOCHLOR-ETHANE is a chemical designation for the substance more commonly known as ethyl chloride. MONOCITRYL-PARAPHENETIDIN.— See apolysin. MONOIODOISOVALERYLGLYCOLUREA. — See ochiio- din. 182 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA MONOL is a French trade name for calcium permanga- nate. MONOPHENETIDIN CITRATE is a synonym of apoly- sin. MONOSALICYLIC ACID GLYCERIN ESTER or ETHER is referred to under its trade name, glycosal. MONOTAL is the methyiglycolic acid ester of guaiacol, or guaiacyl methylglycolate, C 40 H 12 O 4 . It occurs as a limpid, colorless oil, of faintly aromatic odor and specific gravity of 1.7 to 1.18. It is soluble in about 6 parts of olive oil, readily soluble in alcohol, ether or chloroform, and practically insoluble in water. It is used by inunc- tion as an antipyretic and anodyne like guaiacol, 30 to 60 minims being rubbed in or painted on once or twice daily. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. MORPHACETIN is an English trade name for diacetyl- morphine (heroin.) MORPHINE-BISMUTH IODIDE is a soluble salt of bis- muth iodide and morphine hydroiodate, recommended by A. Robin as an analgesic dusting-powder for wounds. As much of it is added to cinchonidine-bismuth iodide (ery- throl) as will make about 0.025 gram of morphine per application. MORPHINE BROM-ETHYLATE is described under its trade nome morphosan. MORPHINE DIACETIC ESTER.— See diacetylmorphine. MORPHINE METHYLBROMIDE.— See morphosan. MORPHOSAN is the trade name for morphine bromo- methylate or morphine methylbromide, of the formula C 13 H 22 ND 3 Br+H 2 0, and occurring as white, glistening needles containing 21 per cent, of bromine, and soluble in about 20 parts of water, slightly soluble in alcohol and nearly insoluble in chloroform or ether. The salt acts like morphine hydrochloride but is weaker. It easily crystal- lizes out from aqueous solutions. The solutions turn brown on sterilizing. — Mfrs.: Riedel & Co., Berlin (Germ.) and New York. ,MORRHUOL is a brand of the extractive of cod liver oil which is said to represent 25 of oil. It is marketed only in 3-grain capsules, 1 to 3 of which are given in place of cod liver oil thrice daily. Morrhuol creosote capsules con- tain 3 minims of morrhuol and 1 minim of creosote, and are used in tuberculosis. — Mfr.: Vial, Paris, France; agts.: E. Fougera & Co., New York. MUCIN is the mucous substance (glycoproteid) of bile, probably consisting, as marketed, of a mixture of serum globulin, true mucin, and bile salts. It occurs as a yellow to greenish-gray powder, soluble in water. It is used in- ternally in gastric ulcer, and topically (in 1 per cent, solu- tion in equal parts of lime water and sterilized water, with 1 per cent, of sodium bicarbonate and % per cent, of menthol) as a spray in rhinitis and pharyngitis, and as THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 183 an injection near the site of cancers. Dose, 10 grains with 10 grains of sodium bicarbonate at the beginning of nieais. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ. MUCOL is described as a 1:30 solution of salicylic acid in alcohol and glycerin with a little menthol, and ig used as a paint in infectious mouth and throat diseases. — Mfr.: Dr. A. Mtiller & Cie, Lebnitz, Germ. MUCUSAin is described as "dilioron-zinc teiraorthooxy- benzoate" [ortho-oxybenzoic acid is salicylic acid. — Ed.] and as having the formula (C 6 H 4 COO.O.C H 4 COOH.O.BO- H) 2 Zn. It occurs as a light, white, odorless powder sol- uble in water and in alcohol. It is intended for use as an antiseptic, and astringent in gonorrhea, leucorrhea, rhi- nitis, etc., applied in x /4 to 1 per cent, solutions. Marketed also as 15-grain tablets. — Mfrs.: Fabrik pharmaceutiscer Praparate, Frankfort-on-M., Germany. MUIRACITHIN is a combination of inspissated fluid- extract of muira puama and lecithin. It is used chiefly in sexual neurasthenia and nervous impotence. Marketed in silver-coated dragees. — Mfrs.: Kontor Chem. Praparate,, Berlin C, Germany; agts.: Cassett & Co., Inc., Philadelphia, Pa. MULTITOXINE is described as a mixture of tubercle alexines (10), formaldehyde (1), and water (19), used in tuberculosis. Dose, 1.5 c.c. hypodermically. — Mfrs.: Aulde Chem. Co., Philadelphia, Pa. MUSCULOSE is raw muscle juice recommended in tuber- culosis. — Mfrs.: Chaise & Co., Paris, France. MUSIN consists of 55 per cent, of castor oil and 45 per cent, of a mixture of levulose, albumin, egg yolk, and sugar. It is employed as a laxative. — Mfr.: J. E. Stro- schein, Berlin, Germ; agts.: General Drug Co., New York. MYDRINE is a combination of ephedrine and homatro- pine hydrochlorides (100:1), occurring as a white powder soluble in water, and employed in 10 per cent, solution as a mydriatic of transient effect. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darm- stadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. MYDROL (iodo-methyl-phenyl-py?*azolon) is a white pow- der readily soluble in water. It has been recommended as a mydratic, in 5 to 10 per cent, solution. MYOCARDOL is a solution for hypodermic use and a tablet for internal use containing caffeine and extract of ergot in the proportion of 3 of the former to 17 of the latter. The products are used as heart stimulants. — Mfrs.: Drs. R. & O. Weill, Frankfort-on-M., Germ. MYRTOL is the fraction of essential oil of myrtle which distills between 160 and 180° C; a clear, colorless liquid, of pleasant odor, and soluble in alcohol. It is employed internally in chronic bronchitis, tonsillitis, cystitis, etc., and externally in parasitic skin diseases. Dose, 1 to 5 minims several times a day, in capsules or on sugar. — ( Nonproprietary. ) 184 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA N NAFALAN is a recent analogue of naftalan (described below). — Mfrs.: Nafalan Co., Magdeburg, Germ. NAFTALAN fnaphtalan) is obtained from the distillation of naphta free from resin and asphalt, derived from Naf- talan, in the Caucasus. It occurs as a blackish-green, ointment-like mass of empyreumatic odor, soluble in ether and chloroform, miscible with fats, and insoluble in water and alcohol. It is used in skin diseases — as 5 per cent. emulsion or ointment, 2 to 3 per cent, solution in olive oil, etc. Its stains on the linen may be removed with benzin. — Marketed by the Fort Wayne Drug Co., Fort Wayne, Ind. NAPHOLIN is being advertised in medical journals as "a new remedy for eczema. Mixed with any base as a 10-per-cent. ointment it will stop the itching/ 5 etc. — Mfr.: Dr. A. P. MacDonald, Danbury, Conn. NAPHTA SAPONATA is the name given by P. Hent- schel, Zwonitz, Germ., to a naftalan substitute. NAPHTASAPOL is another product claimed to be the same as naftalan. NAPHTALOL and NAPHTOSALOL are synonyms of hetol. NAPHTHAMINE is an English trade name for hexa- methylenetetramine ; a formaldehyde compound official under the name hexamethylenamine. NAPHTOFORMIN is a condensation product of hexa- methylenetetramine (formin, etc.) and naphtol; a white, crystalline substance soluble in water or alcohol, insoluble in ether or oils. It is employed in dermatology. Its solu- tions should be prepared with cold solvents. — Mfr.: Dr. G. F. Henning, Berlin, Germ. NAPHTOL, ALPHA, C 10 H..OH, is an isomer of the official (beta-) naphtol, occurring as colorless or pinkish prisms or powder of pungent, irritating odor and taste, soluble in alcohol and ether, almost insoluble in water. It is used chiefly as an intestinal antiseptic and antifermentative, 5 to 15 grains, in wafers or castor oil; to a small extent also externally in erysipelas, etc., in 10 to 20 per cent, oily solutions. NAPHTOL BENZOATE is described under oenzonaphtol. NAPHTOL BISMUTH is referred to under its trade name, orphol. NAPHTOL, CAMPHORATED (naphtol-camphor ; naph- tylated camphor), is obtained by heating a mixture of 2 parts of camphor and 1 of beta-naphtol until its melts. It forms a thick liquid soluble in alcohol. It is used as an antiseptic — with cocaine as a paint on tuberculous proc- esses, diluted with oil in coryza, scabies, etc. It should be protected against light. — (Nonproprietary.) THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 185 NAPHTOL SALICYLATE (na2)htol-salol)—See betol and alphol. NARCEINE-SODIUM SALICYLATE.— See antispasmin. NARCOFORM is the same as somnoform, which see. NARCOPHIN is the trade name adopted for doubie-salt morphine and narcotine meconate, C 7 H 4 7 .C 17 H 19 N0 3 .C 17 H 19 - N0 3 .C 22 H 23 N0 7 +4H 2 0. The article occurs as a white, bitter powder containing 31.2 per cent, of morphine and soluble in water and in alcohol. It is intended as a succedaneum for morphine and other opiates, and is used subcutaneously as well as internally. Dose, 15 to 30 drops of the 3-per- cent, solution. — Mfrs.: Boehringer & Soehn, Mannheim, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. NARCOTINE (anarcotine ; opium; nar 'cosine) is an alka- loid of opium formerly believed to be possessed of narcotic properties but more recently proved to be rather without such action and hence renamed anarcotine. It is pre- scribed in malaria and migraine, chiefly as its hydro- chloride. Dose, iy 2 to 4 grains. — (Nonproprietary.) NARENTA WATER is described as an American spring water, "a medicinal water, a laxative water." The analysis shows it to contain the ingredients commonly found in natural laxative mineral waters, including sulphides. Dose, two tablespoonfuls with water, before breakfast. — Narenta Mineral Springs Co., East Aurora, N. Y. NARGOL (nuclein-silver; silver nucleinate or nucleide) is a combination of silver with yeast nuclein, occurring as a brownish-white powder readily soluble in water and con- taining about 10 per cent, of silver. Its solutions are not precipitated by dilute organic acids, sodium chloride, alka- lies or albumin, but by dilute inorganic acids. It is used in y 2 to 20 per cent, solutions in eye diseases, gonorrhea, etc. Its solutions should be dispensed in dark amber bottle. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. NATRO-PHEN is a white, odorless, sweet powder mod- erately soluble in cold water and containing apparently sodium salicylate and acetanilid (phenylacetamide). It is prescribed as an antipyretic and anodyne. Dose, 3 to 10 grains, in capsules or powder. — Mfrs.: Natro-phen Chem. Co., New Albany, Ind. NELLOSAN is a new nutritive of the following composi- tion: Fat, 7.3 per cent.; albumen, 51.1 per cent.; carbo- hydrates and mineral matter, 8.15 per cent. The mineral matter contains 21.6 per cent, of iron oxide. NEOARSOBENZOL and NEOVARSAN are two regis- tered synonyms of neosalvarsan. NEO-ARSYCODILE is one of the various trade names for disodium methylar senate, which see. — Mfr.: Dr. M. Le Prince, Paris, France; agts.: E .Fougera & Co., New York. NEOBORAT is a trade name for sodium perborate. NEOCHININ is defined as a neutral hydrochloride of cinnamyl-quinine, occurring as tasteless, white crystals, and employed as an antiperiodic. Dose, 15 to 20 grains. 186 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA (Not to be confounded with another neoquinine, quinine glycerophosphate.) NEODERMIN is an ointment containing 85 per cent, of lanolin, 10 per cent, of petrolatum, 4 per cent, of difluordi- phenyl, and 1 per cent, of fhiorpseudocumol, and having a decided aromatic odor. It is used in burns and various other skin lesions, pure. — Mfrs.: Valentiner & Schwarz, Leipsic-Plagwitz, Germ.; agts.: C. Bischoff & Co., Inc., New York. NEOPYRENOL is said to be prepared by the following process: Thymol is made water-soluble by p-dioxybenzene, and into this solution benzoic acid (Siam) is incorporated. Four parts of this product are added to equal parts of sodium benzoate and sodium oxybenzoate. It is said to act as a sedative, antirheumatic and antipyretic. — Mfrs.: Goedicke & Co., Leipsic, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. NEOPYRINE is valerylamidoantipyrine, and occurs as white, odorless, bitter crystals that are but slightly soluble in water, readily soluble in alcohol or chloroform. It is used as a nerve sedative and antispasmodic. Dose, 5 to 15 grains. A oromneopyrine, containing 21.85 per cent, of bromine and used especially as a nerve sedative, is also marketed. — Mfrs.: Knoll & Co., Ludwigshafen (Germ.) and New York. NEO-SACCHARIN is a trade name for saccharin. NEOSALVARSAN is a mixture of sodium-diamino-di- hydroxy-arsenobenzene-methanal sulphoxylate with inert inorganic salts. It occurs os a yellow powder freely solu- ble in water, yieldingq neutral solutions. It is offered as a further improvement upon salvarsan, having the advan- tages of greater solubility, neutral reaction of its solutions (doing away with the necessity of neutralizing with so- dium hydroxide), better borne, and better adapted for in- tramuscular injection. It is weaker than salvarsan, the ratio being 1:15; hence, the initial dose for men is 13^ grains, for women 9 grains, and for children 4% grains. Its solutions do not keep, turning red; and the dry salt is also sensitive to atmospheric influences and spoils fast once the ampoule is opened. — Mfrs.: Meister, Lucius & Pruning, Hoechst-on-M., Germ. ; agts. : Victor Koechl & Co., New York. NEOTOPHAN and NOVATOPHAN are synonyms for an improved atophan not as yet on this market. NEPENTHE is "a compound of blackberry root, nut- galls, cinnamon, ginger, prickly ash bark, and aromatic carminatives. " It is used as an intestinal astringent and antizymotic. Dose, % teaspoonful. — Mfrs.: Tilden Co., New Lebanon, N. Y. NEPHRITICA is "a combination of juniper, buchu, uva ursi, liverwort, lithia, bromide and acetate of potassium, with y 2 grain of hyoscyamus to the dram." It is used in THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 187 kidney and bladder diseases. Dose, 1 to 2 teaspoonfuls. — Mfrs. : Tilden Co., New Lebanon, N. Y. NEPHRITIN is described as "the primary substances of the cells of the cortex and convoluted tubules of the kid- ney." It is intended for employment in Bright's disease and other disturbances of the kidneys. It is marketed only as 6-grain tablets. — Mfrs.: Reed & Carnrick, Jersey City, N. J. NEPHROSON is a diuretic elixir of sourwood, hydran- gea, eupatorium, hair cap moss, water eryngo, corn silk, all green drugs, with tincture of apis, lithium benzoate, and juniper spirit. Dose, a teaspoonful every 1 to 3 hours. —Mfrs.: Wm. S. Merrell Chem. Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. NESAIN is an arsenic-proteid compound, used subcu- taneously as an alterative like atoxyl. — Mfr.: Dr. L. Oes- treicher, Berlin, Cerm. NEUROCAINE is the name applied to billets of cocaine hydrochloride y 2 grain without excipient. — Mfrs.: Schief- felin & Co., New York. NEURODIN is the trade name for acetyl-para-oxyphenyl- urethane, C 6 H 4 .(OCO.CH 3 ).NH.CO.OC 2 H 5 , which chemical appears as colorless, odorless crystals slightly soluble in water. It is used as an antineuralgic and antipyretic. Dose, 5 to 25 grains. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. NEURODINIA is an elixir of veronal (diethylmalonyl- urea) containing 2 grains of the drug in each fluid dram in a menstruum containing 35 per cent, of alcohol with aromatics. It is used as a hypnotic in all forms of in- somnia save those caused by severe pains. Dose, 2 to 4 fluid drams. Sometimes administered per rectum, in double the dose by the mouth. — Mfrs. : Schieffelin & Co., New York. NEURA-LECITHIN is described as an odorless and tasteless variety of egg lecithin. — Mfrs.: Lecithin- Werke, Neuss, Germ. NEURO-LECITHIN is lecithin derived from fresh brain and spinal cord, marketed as tablets containing % grain of the drug with small amounts of fats and cholesterin. It is identical in action and uses with the regular lecithin obtained from yolk of egg. — Mfrs.: Abbott Alkaloidal Co., Chicago, 111. NEURONAL is the trade name applied to bromdiethyl- acetamide, Br(C,H 5 ) 2 .C.CO.NH 2 , a white, crystalline pow- der of a camphoraceous odor and bitter, pungent, cooling taste; readily soluble in alcohol, ether or chloroform, and dissolving in about 120 parts of water at ordinary tempera- ture. It is used as a hypnotic. Dose, 8 to 30 grains. — Mfrs.: Kalle & Co., Biebrich, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. NEUROSIN is the name applied by two manufacturers to different products. The one is a tablet containing caffeine and nitroglycerin, and used in cardiac neuroses, 188 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A hemicrania and the like; neurosin Prunier (Paris, France) is a syr,up, granules, and cachets of calcium glycerino- phosphate. NEUROTINA Tablets are said to contain extract can- nabis indica % grain, extract nux vomica 3/50 grain, extract saw palmetto 12/25 grain, iron phosphate 12/25 grain, extract damiana 1*4 grains, extract gentian ) 21/25 grains, strychnine nitrate 1/80 grain, and hyos-sco-piper (a mixture of hyoscyamine 75 per cent., scopolamine 20 per cent., and piperidine 5 per cent.) 1/1200 grain. They are used in sexual neurasthenia. — Mfrs.: Combs Chem. Co., St. Louis, Mo. NBUSPERIN is another German trade name for acetyl- salicylic acid (aspirin). NEUROTONE is an elixir of glycerinophosphates of cal- cium and sodium. NeurotoDe capsules contain 5 grains of the combitned salts, with. 1/64 grain of strychnine nitrate. Marketed also in ferro-arsenated form, in capsules. — Mfrs.: Haas Pharmacy, New York. NEUTRALON is a purified alumnium silicate brought carbonate, etc., in the treatment of gastric and intestinal diseases. It occurs as a white, odorless powder which neu- tralizes hydrochloric acid without the formation of car- bonic acid gas. Dose, % to 1 teaspoonful stirred in a glass of warm water twice daily, before lunch and dinner. — Mfr. : Dr. C. A. F. Kahlbaum, Berlin, Germ.; agts.: Einer & Amend, New York. NEW UROTROPIN is a brand name for hexamethylene- tetramine methylene citrate, described under helmitol. NICKEL BROMIDE, NiBr,, was brought to the fore a few years ago as a nerve sedative, chiefly in epilepsy. It occurs as a greenish-yellow deliquescent powder soluble in water, alcohol or ether. Dose, 2 to 8 grains in solution. Maximum daily dose, 24 grains. — (Nonproprietary.) NICKEL SULPHATE, green crystals of sweet, astrin- gent taste and soluble in 3 parts of water, has also come somewhat into vogue latterly as a remedy in malarial mi- graine. Dose, y 2 to 1 grain three times daily. — (Nonpro- prietary.) NIERALINE is a French brand of the active constituent of the suprarenal cansule, — See epinephrine. NIZIN is the trade name applied to zinc sulphanilate, Zn(C3*0,NS),+4H ? 0. The product occurs as small white crystals soluble in water, and is recommended as an anti- septic astringent in inflammatory conditions of the mucous membranes, particularly gonorrhea. It is used in solu- tions containing 2 to 6 grains per fluid ounce. Marketed as 2-grain tablets. — Mfrs.: Burroughs, Wellcome & Co., London (En&.) and New York. NIZO-LYSOL is lysol with an improved odor (pleasant, aromatic), and hence specially adapted for disinfecting the hands and the sick-room. Its physical pronerties are otherwise the same as those of lysol, and it is prepared THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 189 according to the same process and contains the same pro- portions of cresols, but further purified. — Mf rs. : Schulke & Mayr, Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. NORI is a nutrient prepared from sea algae. NORIDAL Suppositories for hemorrhoids consist of cal- cium chloride 0.05 gram, paranephrin (a brand of epine- phrine) 0.0001 gram, calcium iodide 0.01 gram, and peru balsam 0.1 gram — Mfrs.: Kontor Chem. Praparate, Berlin C, Germ.; agts.: Cassett & Co., Inc., Philadelphia, Pa. NOSOL (not nasol) is not a nose remedy but a dental antiseptic and anodyne consisting of eugenol (4), clove oil (4), eucalyptus oil (4), wintergreen oil (1), cinnamon oil (2), and thymol (2). NOSOPHEN, formerly known as iodophen, is chemically tetraiodo-phenolphthalein, C 20 H 10 O 4 I 4 , resulting from the action of iodine upon phenolphthalein. It occurs as a brownish-yellow, nearly odorless, tasteless powder, con- taining 60 per cent, of iodine, soluble in ether or chloro- form, insoluble in water, and sparingly soluble in alcohol. It is used chiefly as a surgical antiseptic in place of iodo- form, but to some extent also as an intestinal antiseptic. Dose, 4 to 10 grains. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik "Rhenania," Aix-la-Chapelle, Germ.: agts.: Stallman Co., New York. NOSOPHEN-BISMUTH.— See eudoxin. NOSOPHEN-MERCURY.— See apallagin. NOSOPHEN-SODIUM.— See antinosin. NOVARGAN is an organic silver-albumin compound (silver proteinate) containing 10 per cent, of silver. It occurs as a fine yellow powder readily soluble in water to form neutral solutions. Novargan is used as an astringent and bactericide, in 2 to 15 per cent, solutions. — Mfrs.: Heyden Chem. Works, Radebeul (Germ.) and New York. NOVASP1RIN is defined as methylenecitrylsalicylic acid, of the formula C 21 H 16 O n . It occurs as a white, odorless powder, of acidulous taste, easily soluble in alcohol but almost insoluble in water. It contains 62 per cent, of salicylic aci'd. It is intended as a substitute for the salicylates in rheumatism, pleurisy, migraine, grippe, etc. Dose, 15 to 30 grains several times daily. Marketed also as 5-grain tablets. — Mfrs.: Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld, Elberfeld (Germ.) and New York. NOVIFORM is bismuth tetrabrompyrocatechinate, xero- form in which the phenol group is replaced by a pyro- catechin grouo. It is used mainly as an astringent dust- ing-powder, chiefly in eyelid diseases. — Mfrs.: Heyden Chem. Works, Radebeul (Germ.) and New York. NOVOCAIN is a local anesthetic discovered by Einhorn, para-aminobenzoyldiethylaminoethanol hydrochloride, and crystallizes in fine, colorless needles that melt at 156° C, and are soluble in 1 part of water and about 30 parts of alcohol. Its solutions may be boiled without undergoing decomposition. It is used as a local anesthetic, like cocaine. Internally it may be given in doses of 4 to 8 190 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA grains. — Mfrs.: Farbwerke, Hoechst-on-M., Germ.; agts.: V. Koechl & Co., New York. NOVOCAIN NITRATE is para-aminobenzoyldiethyl- aminoethanol nitrate, occurring in small, colorless and odorless crystals that are soluble in water or alcohol. It is a local anesthetic that can be used with silver nitrate and other silver salts without fear of precipitation. — Mfrs.: Farbwerke, Hoechst-on-M., Germ.; agts.: V. Koechl & Co., New York. NOVOCOL, (sodium guaiacol-phosphate) occurs as an al- most tasteless powder readily soluble in water, and con- taining 50 per cent, of guaiacol. It is designed as a suc- cedaneum for liquid guaiacol. Dose, 4 to 15 grains. — Mfr.: Gideon Richter, Budapest, Hung.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. NOVOIODIN is essentially a condensation product of iodine and formaldehyde, containing 32 per cent, of readily liberated iodine. It is used as a wound cicatrizant, an odorless substitute for iodoform.- — Mfrs. : Scheuble & Hoch- stetter, Hamburg, Germ. NOVOLAX is a chocolate-coated tablet said to contain 2 grains of phenolphthalein, with pulp of tamarind and sugar. — Mfrs.: "Sicco," Berlin, Germ. NOVORENAL is the generic name adopted for solutions of various strengths of novocaine with epinephrine in physiological salt solution. — Mfrs.: C. Fr. Hausmann, St. Galen, Switzerland. NOVOZONE is a trade name adopted for magnesium per- oxide. See this title. NUCLEIN as in vogue in this country is the sodium salt of nucleinic acid derived from yeast, generally contami- nated with some albumin and carbohydrates of the yeast cells. It occurs as a grayish-white, amorphous powder, soluble in water, and insoluble in alcohol or ether. It is used in tuberculosis, chronic ulcers, puerperal fever, etc. — per os in capsules or solution (2 to 5 grains three times a day, between meals), or hypodermically in 5 per cent, solution in alkalinized water (10 to 60 minims diluted with the same quantity of physiological salt solution freshly boiled). Marketed also in 2-grain capsules, and in 5 per cent, solution for oral and for subcutaneous uses. — ( Nonproprietar3 r . ) NUCLEIN Horbaczewiski is prepared from spleen pulp, and forms a brownish-gray powder soluble in alkaline solu- tions, and used like nuclein from yeast. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. NUCLEOGEN is defined as an organic compound of phosphorus, arsenic and iron, the therapeutic uses of which are in chlorosis, neurasthenia, rachitis, anemia, and the like. It is marketed as tablets and as a sterilized solution intended for hypodermic use. — Mfr.: Dr. Hugo Rosenberg, Berlin, Germ. NUCLEOL is a powdered nuclein as marketed by Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A 191 NUTRIENT SUGAR (Prof. Soxhlet) is a mixture of ap- proximately equal proportions of dextrin and maltose, slightly acidulated. It is used as addition to cow's milk in preparing modified milk for infant feeding. — Agts.: Ar- cady Farm, Lake Forrest, 111. NURITO is a proprietary preparation intended for use in rheumatism, neuritis, etc. Analyses made in the chem- ical laboratory of the American Medical Association showed the article to consist essentially of pyramidon 60 per cent., phenolphthalein 6 per cent., and milk sugar 34 per cent. Accordingly, each 10-grain powder (so mar- keted) contains approximately 6% grains of pyramidon, % grain of phenolphthalein, and 2% grains of milk sugar. — Mfrs. : Magistral Chem. Co., New York. NUTROSE (casein-sodium; sodium casemate) is an in- valid food prepared from casein of milk with the aid of alkali; a white, coarse, odorless, nearly tasteless powder, soluble in water. Dose, % to y% ounce, in soup, milk, oat- meal, etc. — Mfrs.: Farbwerke, Hoechst-on-M., Germ.; agts.: V. Koechl & Co., New York. NYMPHAGESTIN is a bath salt with the aid of which an artificial Gastein thermal bath may be prepared, it is claimed. — Mfrs.: Nymphagestin Co., Berlin, Germ. NYRDAL. — See algarine. O OBTUNDO is a dental local anesthetic containing chlore- tone, cocaine, nitroglycerin, thymol, menthol, and oils of eucalyptus, wintergreen and cloves. OCULIN is a sterilized glycerin extract of the ciliary body and vitreous humor of bull's eyes, admixed with 0.6 per cent, of sodium chloride. It is used internally and subcutaneousiy in detachment of the retina. ODDA is an infant food introduced by Prof, von Mehring, and prepared from whey, flour, sugar, cacao butter, .and yolk of eggs, the two latter in place of butter, which often gives rise to abnormal butyric fermentation in the system. The dose is 20 grams per day for each kilo of the child's weight. — Mfrs.: Deutsche Mahrmittelwerke, Berlin, Germ. ODOL is a mouth-wash extensively advertised abroad, consisting of an alcoholic solution of salol, saccharin, oil of peppermint, and traces of oils of cloves and caraway. ODOS is a substitute for meat extract, prepared from oats. ODYLIS is obtained by heating a mixture of terpin and resorcin. It is a yellowish thin oil of an agreeable odor, and said to have antiseptic properties. OENASE is the ferment of raisins, and is used in dys- pepsia, anorexia, etc. Marketed only as 0.5-gram tablets, 2 to 6 of which are given daily. — Mfr. : Goutrurieux, Paris, France. 192 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDlCA OIL, ARBOR, is apparently analogous to naftalan. — Mfrs.: Arbor Oil Continental Co., Mulhausen, Germ. OIL, ARISTOL, is a 10-per-cent. sterilized solution of aristol (thymol iodide) in sesame oil, and occurs as a clear, reddish-brown, permanent liquid that has been rec- ommended for use in various eye diseases. OIL, CYPRES (oleum cupressi), is a colorless, volatile, oil obtained from the fresh leaves and tender shoots of cupressus sempervirens. It is employed as an antiseptic and antispasmodic, chiefly in whooping-cough — a little sprinkled upon the child's pillow and about the patient's room. — Mfrs.: essential oil makers in general. OIL, DIGITALIN, or huile digitalique Nativelle, is an oily solution of Native-lie's digitalin (practically identical with digitoxin), containing % milligram in each c.c, and used slightly warmed by subcutaneous injection as a heart stimulant. Dose, 1 c.c. once or twice daily. OIL, MELALEUCA VIRIDIFLORA, is referred to under its trade name, gomenol. OILS OF ATROPINE, ESERINE, COCAINE and PILO- CARPINE, for ophthalmic use, according to Dr. von Pflugk, consist of solutions of the respective alkaloids (the uncombined bases) in purified peanut oil. OKERTIN is a water containing sulphates, free sul- phuric acid, manganese and magnesia compounds, and traces of copper. It has an acidulous, astringent taste, and is used in eye diseases, gynecological affections, etc. OKISTYPIN is a brand name recently applied to co- tarnine hydrochloride, a product hitherto marketed only under the trade name of stypticin.. The preparation is employed as a uterine hemostatic as well as a dental styptic. — Mfr.: Phil. Roder, Vienna, Austria. OLAN is a generic name given to vasoliniments, a class of substances that are intended to be used like the vaso- gens. — Mfr.: Dr. W. Sternberg, Wutha-Eisenach, Germ. OLEOMANGAN is described as an emulsion of olive and petroleum oils, with peptonates of iron and manganese. It is used as a hematinic and general tonic. Dose, a table- spoonful after meals, in hot water. — Mfrs.: "Weightman Pharmacal Co.. New York. OLEORESIN PARSLEY SEED.— See apiol green. OMAL is the terse name applied to trichlorphenol or phenol trichloride, C H 2 OHC1 3 ; white crystals soluble in alcohol and ether, slightly soluble in water. It is used in 5 to 10 per cent, ointments or solutions in erysipelas, diph- theritic ulcers, etc., and by inhalation in tuberculosis. — Mfrs.: Hey den Cheni. Works, Radebeul (Germ.) and New York. OMNOPON is the name under which pantopon is mar- keted in Great Britain. OMOFORM is a fine, brownish-yellow, odorless powder insoluble in the ordinary solvents, and used as a substitute for iodoform. — Mfrs. : Penn Pharm. Co., Philadelphia, Pa. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 193 OMOROL is an insoluble silver-albumin compound ad- vertised chiefly for local use in diphtheria. Antitoxin is, of course, intended to be used in conjunction. — Mfrs.: Heyden Chem. Works, Radebeul (Germ.) and New York. OOPHORIN is a dry preparation of the ovaries of pigs and cows, marketed in 0.3-gram and 0.5-gram tablets, and used in climacteric disorders of women, chlorosis, and the like. Dose, 1 to 3 tablets three times daily. — Mfrs.: Drs. Freund & Redlich, Berlin, Germ. OPHTHALMOL, heralded as a remedy for granular eye- lids, is, according to F. Frank, simply sterilized peanut oil. — Marketed by Dr. Schaffner, Basle, Switzerland. OPIAN is a synonym of rMrcotine. "OPO : ' is a prefix used in connection with a line of dry organo-therapeutic preparations introduced by Prof. A. von Poehl, of St. Petersburg. These products are said to con- tain the active constituents of the respective organs in the most concentrated form possible, the tissue structure and precipitable albuminoids, that are without therapeutic action, having been removed. One part represents 10 to 20 parts of the fresh organ. Opo-cerebrin is made from the gray matter of the brain, and is prescribed in nervous affections, slow heart, etc., in doses of 3 to 5 grains thrice daily, as tablets (so marketed). It comes also in liquid form for injection. Opo-Tiepatoidin is made from livers, and is used in jaundice, cirrhosis, etc.; 8 to 20 grains three times a day. Opo-Tiypopliysin, from the pituitary body (hypophysis cerebri), is prescribed in acromegalia; dose, % grain. Opo-lienin is made from the spleen, and em- ployed in enlarged spleen, leucemia, etc.: dose, 30 to 90 grains twice a day. Opo-medullin, from red bone-marrow, is used in pernicious anemia, neurasthenia, chlorosis, etc.; dose, 3 to 15 grains three times a day. Opo-orchidin is pre- pared from bulls' testicles, and used in spinal diseases and other nervous disorders; dose, 8 to 15 grains three times daily. Opoossiin, from yellow bone-marrow, is prescribed in rickets and osteomalacia; dose, 3 to 15 grains thrice daily. Opo-suprarenalin is derived from the suprarenal capsule, and employed in diabetes insipidus, Addison's dis- ease, change of life, etc.; dose, 3 to 6 grains twice daily. Opo-thyroidin, from thyroid gland, is prescribed in myxe- dema, cretinism, obesity, etc., in doses of % to iy 2 grains three times a day. Opo-ovulin, from ovary substance, is employed in climacteric disturbances of women, hysteria, etc.; dose, 3 to 12 grains three times a day. Opo-prostotin is employed in hypertrophy of the prostate gland; dose, 3 grains three times a day. — Marketed by Lehn & Fink, New York. OPSONOGEN is "a staphylococcus vaccine prepared ac- cording to the method of Wright and Strubell; 1 c.c. repre- sents 100,000,000 killed staphylococci." Its indications are local staphylococcus infections, particularly furunculosis p acne and weeping eczema. Dose, at first 0.5 to 0.75 c.c, 194 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA gradually increasing to 5 c.c. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik Giis trow, Giistrow, Germ. ; agts. : Lehn & Fink, New York. ORANGEINE, according to reports from the chemical laboratory of the American Medical Association, is a mix- ture of acetanilid 43 parts, caffeine 10 parts, and sodium bicarbonate 18 parts; with (according to the makers) small proportions of podophyllin, nux vomica and blue flag. — Mfrs.: Orangeine Chem. Co., Chicago, 111. ORCHIC SUBSTANCE consists of the pulp from fresh ram testicles, removed, dried and powdered, without the addition of preservative or diluent. It is a light-yellow powder of peculiar odor and only partly soluble in water. One part represents seven parts of the fresh pulp. It is used as a tonic, alterative and roborant, in neurasthenia, obesity, prostatic hypertrophy, etc. Dose, 2 to 5 grains three times daily. Marketed also as 2-grain tablets. — Mfrs.: Armour & Co., Chicago, 111. ORESOL (oreson) is defined as guaiacol glycerin (or glyceryl) ether, and thus appears to be identical with guaiamar, which see. OREXINE was the name originally applied to phenyl- dihydro-quinazoline hydrochloride, introduced by Prof. Penzoldt in 1890. Three years later it was applied to the pure base phenyl-dihydro-quinazoline, which product, be- cause possessing less of the pungent taste and irritat- ing properties of the hydrochloride, superseded the latter. Now the name applies to the tannate of the same base, in- troduced by Dr. Steiner in 1897. This preparation occurs as a yellowish, odorless and practically tasteless powder, insoluble in water and only slightly soluble in alcohol. It is prescribed as an appetizer and stomachic, as well as for sea-sickness and vomiting of pregnancy and that fol- lowing narcosis. Dose, 8 to 12 grains twice daily, 1 hour before meals, with water. Marketed also as 4-grain tab- lets. Incompatible with iron compounds. — Mfrs.: Kalle & Co., Biebrich, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. ORGANOSOL is an alcoholic solution of colloidal silver (collargol). ORGULATUM is an external application for inflamma- tion and congestion, stated to contain in each pound 1 ounce of olive oil, 1 ounce of eucalyptus oil, 1 ounce of thyme oil, % ounce of glycerin, y 2 ounce of camphor, 2 drams of compound tincture of benzoin, and 1 dram each of chloretone and menthol, with petrolatum and beeswax. ORPHOL (naphtol-bismuth ; bismuth beta-naphtolate) is said to contain about 20 per cent, of combined beta-naph- tol, with about 64 per cent, of combined bismuth oxide, as well as about 16 per cent, of free bismuth oxide. It occurs as a grayish-brown, almost odorless powder, of nonpro- nounced taste, and becoming darker and more odorous with age; insoluble in water, slightly soluble in alcohol. Incompatible with acacia mucilage. It is prescribed as a gastro-intestinal disinfectant and astringent. Dose, 8 to THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 19? 20 grains several times daily; children, 2 to 5 grains. Mar- keted also as 5-grain tablets. — Mfrs.: Von Heyden, Rade- beul, Germ.; agts.: Schering & Glatz, New York. ORSUDAN is the trade name adopted for sodium methylacetylaminophenylarsonate, . . (C 6 H 3 NH.CH 3 CH 3 CO)- As.OH.ONa. It contains 25.4 per cent, of arsenic, and i3 soluble in 4 parts of water, yielding solutions that can be sterilized by boiling for five minutes. It is used as an antiluetic and alterative (like soamin, to which it is chem- ically related), but claimed to be less toxic even than soamin. Dose, per os (skin diseases), % to 1 grain, after meals; by intramuscular injection (syphilis), 5 to 10 grains every other day. — Mfrs.: Burroughs Wellcome & Co., London (Eng.) and New York. [Caution should be observed in the administration of the arylarsonates such as orsudan, soamin, atoxyl, etc., as in certain cases toxic symptoms have arisen despite the diminished toxicity of this class of organic arsenic compounds. — Ed. ORTHO-BROMPHENOL — See monoorom-phenol. ORTHOCOL is defined by the manufacturer as "an alka- line salt of guaiacol," soluble in water, lacking odor and distinctive taste — probably potassium guaiacol-sulphonate (better known as thiocol). It is the main ingredient of "elixir of orthocol comp." ("benzo-guaiacol"), which con- tains in each 2-teaspoonful dose 4 grains of the drug with 2 grains of terpin hydrate and 1/12 grain of codeine phos- phate. It is used in phthisis and chronic bronchitis. Dose, 5 to 10 grains three times daily. — Mfrs.: Larimore & Co., New York. ORTHO-CRESOL IODIDE is better known as traumatol. ORTHOFORM as now marketed is the methyl ester of meta-amido-para-oxyoenzoic acid, C 6 H 3 .NH 2 .OH.COOCH 3 . It occurs as a white, bulky, odorless, tasteless powder, slight- ly soluble in water, soluble in 6 parts of alcohol and 50 parts of ether; it dissolves readily also in collodion. It i3 prescribed as a local anesthetic and antiseptic in painful wounds, ulcerated larynx, etc., in 5 to 20 per cent, oint- ments, paints or dusting-powders, or pure; internally in ulcer and neuralgia of the stomach. Dose, 5 to 15 grains; locally in substance as a dusting-powder or mixed with milk sugar for insufflation, in collodion, salve, etc. Ortho- form hydrochloride is identical in action with the base, but freely soluble in water. It has been used hypoder- mically, but found rather irritating, and hence has been practically abandoned. Orthoform must not be exposed to light. It is incompatible with antipyrin, bismuth sub- nitrate, mercuric chloride, silver nitrate, zinc chloride, and potassium permanganate. — Mfrs.: Parbwerke, Hoechst-on- M., Germ.: agts.: V. Koechl & Co., New York. ORTHONAL is a local anesthetic representing a com- bination of a 0.5-per-cent. solution of cocaine hydrochloride and a 0.75-per-cent. solution of alypin, to which is added 6 per cent, of a 1:10,000 solution of epinephrine. It is mar- 196 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA keted in sterilized ampoules holding 1 c.e. and 2 c.c. of the solution, respectively. ORTHO-OXYBENZYLIDEN-PARA-PHENETIDIN is a synonym of malakin. ORUDON. Two preparations, a liquid ("essence") and a solid ("salt") are marketed under this name and rec- ommended as antirheumatics and antineuralgics. Accord- ing to Aufrecht, the liquid contains as its chief constitu- ents iodine, salicylic acid and piperazin, while the solid, which is also recommended for gout, contains urea, di- uretin and the sulphates and carbonates of magnesium, lithium and sodium. — Mfrs.: Hof-Apotheke, Elbing, Germ. OSMIUM TETRAOXIDE— See acid osmic. OSMOSINE is collyrium containing cadmium sulphate, hydrastine alkaloid, glycerin, and distilled water. — Mfrs.: G. W. Carnrick Co., New York. OSMOSUM is described as consisting of aluminum sili- cate, glycerin, *4 per cent, of phenol, and aromatics. It is intended as a succedaneum for flaxseed poultices. — Mfrs.: Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapolis, Ind. OTALGAN is a solution of extract of opium and anti- pyrine in practically anhydrous glycerin. It is used locally in acute inflammation of the middle ear. — Mfrs.:* Schwanen- Apotheke, Mayence, Germ. OVADIN is a pulverulent preparation of ovary sub- stance, analogous to ovariin. — Mfrs.: Hoffmann-La Roche Chem. "Works, Basle (Switzerland) and New York. OVARADEN is a standardized dried extract of ovary, 1 part representing 2 parts of the fresh gland; a grayish, nearly odorless, sweetish powder, administered in dis- orders accompanying the menopause or following ovari- otomy, chlorosis, etc. Dose, 15 to 30 grains three times daily, usually as tablets. — Mfrs.: Knoll & Co., Ludwigs- hafen (Germ.) and New York. OVARADEN-TRIFERRIN Tablets contain 5 grains of ovaraden, l 1 ^ grains of triferrin, and some chocolate. They are used in exhausting diseases of women and mal-develop- ment of the genital organs associated with painful or de- ficient menstruation, etc. Dose, 2 tablets daily, the tablets to be masticated. — Mfrs.: Knoll & Co., Ludwigshafen-on- Rhine and New York. OVARIAL is a synonym of ovariin. OVARIN (ovarial) represents the dried ovaries of the cow, 1 part equaling 8 parts of the fresh organ. Its uses are the same as those of ovaraden. Dose, 3 to 6 grains three times a day, in pills or tablets. Marketed also as 3-grain tablets.— Mfr. : E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. OVOFERRIN is a reddish-brown, nearly odorless, slightly aromatic 5-per-cent. solution of an organic iron compound, "synthetic iron vitellinate," to which the for- mula C 47 N 17 SH 5 Fe 8 22 has been assigned; each tablespoon- ful is equivalent to 1 grain of elementary iron. It contains THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 197 about 9 per cent, of alcohol. It is used as a "blood builder." Dose, y 2 to 1 tablespocnful in water or milk before meals and at bedtime; children, 1 to 2 teaspoonfuls. — Mfrs.: A. C. Barnes Co., Philadelphia, Pa. OVOGAL is described as a compound of the biliary acids with albumin, prepared according to a patented process. It is a greenish-yellow powder insoluble in water and the rest of the ordinary solvents as well as in diluted acids, but soluble in alkali solutions with decomposition. It should not therefore be dispensed with alkalies in liquid or pill form. It is intended for use in intestinal catarrh, chronic constipation, and especially in diseases of the liver and the bile ducts. Dose, 15 to 60 grains. — Mfrs.: Riedel & Co., Berlin (Germ.) and New York. OVO-LECITHIN — See lecithin. OXAPHOR is a 50-per-cent. alcoholic solution of oxy- camphor, C 10 H 1Q O 2 , a white, crystalline powder of peppery, bitter taste and peppery odor, and easily decomposing when exposed to light or water. It is soluble in about 50 parts of water, readily in alcohol, ether or chloroform. It is used chiefly in dyspnea, emphysema and asthma. Dose, 15 to 45 minims two or three times a day, well diluted. — Mfrs.: Farbwerke, Hoechst-on-M., Germ.; agts.: V. KoechI & Co., New York. OXIDOL is described as "a combination of pinus syl- vestris, boric acid, celendula, acetanilide (20 per cent.), and eucalyptus (antiseptically aromatized)"; a grayish- yellow powder of pleasant odor. It is used as a vulnerary. Marketed as powder and as ointment (10 per cent.). — Mfrs.: Oxidol Chem. Co., Boston, Mass. OXYNTIN is described as a compound of albumin with hydrochloric acid containing 5 per cent, of absolute acid loosely combined to the protein. Ten grains represent 5 minims of official diluted hydrochloric acid. It occurs as a dry,' granular powder readily miscible with water. It is designed as a substitute for hydrochloric acid in di- gestive disorders. Dose, 5 to 15 grains, during gastric digestion. Oxyntin with pepsin is a 5-grain tablet con- taining 1 grain of pepsin. — Mfrs.: Fairchild Bros. & Fos- ter, New York. OXONE is the trade name applied to fused sodium per- oxide containing a fractional percentage of a catalytic agent. It is said to yield the entire content of available oxygen upon contact with water. — Mfrs.: Roessler & Hass- lacher Chem. Co., New York. OXYCAMPHOR— See under oxaphor. OXYCHLORINE is represented to be a "double salt of sodium and potassium tetraborate combined with boron oxychloride, thus (6NaKB 4 7 )BOCl 3 ." It is employed as an antizymotic and as a wound antiseptic. According to analyses made at the chemical laboratory of the American Medical Association, it is "essentially a mixture of potas- sium chlorate, sodium nitrate, potassium tetraborate, so- 198 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA dium tetraborate and boric acid." — Mfrs.: Abbott Alkalol- dal Co., Chicago, 111. OXY-DIMETHYL-QUINAZINE is antipyrin. OXYDOL is a brand of hydrogen peroxide solution. OXYMENTHOL is an analogue of the article known in this market as menthoxol and employed mainly as an an- tiseptic and anodyne gargle in inflammatory throat ail- ments. — Mfrs.: Hoeckert & Michalowsky, Berlin, Germ. OXYMETHYLENE.— See formaldehyde. OXYNAPHTYL-ORTHO-QXY-TOLUYLIC ACID is epi- carin. OXYQUINOLINE-ALUM.— See chinosol. OXYSPARTEINE, C 15 H 24 N 2 0, is an oxidation product of sparteine, occurring as white or faintly yellowish crystals soluble in most of the usual solvents. It is used in heart failure, generally as its hydrochloride, subcutaneously. Dose, y 2 to iy 2 grains. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. OXY-TQLUOL-TROPINE or OXY-TOLUYL-ATROPEINE is homatr opine. OZOPLUIN is a new pine-needle bath prepared according to a patented process, marketed in 10 Cc. cans, which quan- tity is used for one bath. — Mfr.: Ozofluinzentrale, Basle (Switzerland). PACOCREOLIN is a preparation put out by the manu facturer of creolin, and intended for disinfection of "cruder sorts." For uses, etc., see creolin. PALATOL is a tonic syrup each fluid ounce of which is said to represent gaduol derived from 250 minims of cod- liver oil, hematic hypophosphites (syrup hypophosphites compound) 90 minims, malt extract 60 minims, and syrup of wild cherry 120 minims. Dose, 2 to 4 fluid drams. — Mfrs.: Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. PALMIACOL or cetiacol is a derivative of guaiacol, for which the formula C 2S H 40 O 2 is given, and which has been defined chemically as cetyl-guaiacyl or pyrocatechin- methyl-acetyl ether. It is marketed as a liquid of non- pronounced taste, insoluble in water but soluble in the re- mainder of the ordinary organic solvents, and put up in pearls containing 3 minims each. It is intended as a sub- stitute for guaiacol and creosote internally. Dose, 1 to 3 or more pearls. — Mrs.: The Trommer Co., Fremont, O. PANASE is described as a combination of the digestive enzymes of the pancreas derived from the pancreas of the pig. It is a yellowish-white powder having a faint odor and a slight mucilaginous taste. It is not entirely soluble in water or glycerin, owing to the small amount of protein present. It is incompatible physiologically with strong alcohol, acids, alkalies and other substances which destroy the^activity of enzymes. Panase is used as an amylolytic THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 199 and wherever the enzymes of the pancreas are deficient. Dose, 2 to 5 grains. — Mf rs. : F. Stearns & Co., Detroit, Mich. PANKREON is a compound of pancreatin with 10 per cent, of tannin, that is said to resist the action of the gas- tric juice; a fine, grayish-red powder, of a peculiar nut- like odor and not unpleasant taste, and insoluble in water and dilute acids. It is prescribed in pancreatic diabetes, intestinal indigestion, etc. Dose, 4 to 8 grains thrice daily. Marketed also as 4-grain tablets. — Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik "Rhenania," Aix-la-Chapelle, Germ.; agts.: Merck & Co., New York. PANKREON B is a variety of pankreon intended for veterinary use, particularly as a prophylactic and curative in the diarrhea of calves. PANOPEPTON is a liquid food said to be prepared from beef and wheat by actual digestion with gastric and pan- creatic juices, and to have a standardized content of 22 per cent, total dry solids, proteids 6.3 per cent., carbohydrates 13 per cent., inorganic salts 1 per cent., and alcohol 19.7 per cent, (by volume). It is used mainly during acute dis- eases and convalescence. Dose, 2 to 4 teaspoonfuls. — Mfrs.: Fairchild Bros. & Foster, New York. PANTOPON is an opium preparation introduced at the instigation of Prof. Sahli, of Berne, Switzerland. It is said to represent the total alkaloids of opium as hydro- chloride and in soluble form eligible also for hypodermic use. Dose, % to % grain, orally or subcutaneously. Mar- keted as powder, tablets, hypodermic tablets and sterilized solution for injections. Mfrs.: Hoffmann-LaRoche Chem. Works, Basle (Switzerland) and New York. PANZYME is a combination of diastase, pancreatin, pep- sin and rennin, together with carminatives and aromatics. It is employed as a digestive. — Mfrs.: F. Stearns & Co., Detroit, Mich. PAPAIN, PAPAYOTIN, PAPOID, CAROID and VEGE- TABLE PEPSIN are various names applied to the diges- tive ferment contained in the juice of the fruit and leaves of carica papaya (papaw). The drug occurs as a whitish- yellow, slightly hygroscopic, odorless powder, soluble in water and glycerin, but insoluble in alcohol. It is active in alkaline, neutral or acid solution, especially in the first- named. It is used externally as a solvent o*f false mem- branes, and in fissured tongue, etc. — 5 per cent, solution in equal parts of glycerin and water; internally as a diges- tive. Dose, 2 to 5 grains. — (Nonproprietary.) PAPAYANS is the name applied to absorbent digestive tablets said to contain papain, willow charcoal, sodium bi- carbonate, and aromatics (ginger and wintergreen oil). Dose, 2 to 5.— Mfrs.: Bell & Co.. Orangeburg, N. Y. PARA-ACETAMIDO-PHENETOL is another synonym of acetphenetidin (official). PARA-ACETPHENETIDIN is a synonym of acetpheneti- din (official). 200 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A PARA-AMIDOBENZOIC ACID ETHYL ESTER is tue chemical designation for anesthesin, which see. PARABTSMUTH is a bismuth paranucleinate containing 50 per cent, of metallic bismuth. It occurs as a pale-yel- low, odorless powder having a slight astringent taste, in- soluble in water and acid liquids, and decomposed slowly by alkaline solutions. It is used as a gastrointestinal seda- tive and astringent. Dose, 5 to 10 grains several times daily. — Mfr.: Gideon Richter, Budapest, Hungary; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. PARA-CHLORPHENOL (para-monochlorphenol), C e H 4 - Cl.OH, occurs as colorless crystals that are readily solu- ble in alcohol, ether or alkalies, but sparingly soluble in water. It is used as an antiseptic; in 2 per cent, oint- ments in erysipelas and syphilitic opthalmia, in 5 to 20 per cent, glycerin solution in laryngeal tuberculosis, in sub- stance in dental caries, etc. — (Nonproprietary.) PARACOTOIN, C 12 H 8 4 , is a neutral indifferent bitter principle derived from paracoto, the bark of an undeter- mined South American tree, probably a species of crypto- carya. It occurs as a pale-yellow, odorless and tasteless crystalline body, sparingly soluble in water but easily sol- uble in ether or chloroform. In small doses (1/20 to % grain) it is used as an appetizer, and in larger doses (1 to 3 grains) as an intestinal astringent. — Mfr.: E. Merck, Darmstadt. Germ.: agts.: Merck & Co.. New York. PARA-DIETHOXY-ETHENYL - DIPHENYL-AMIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE.— See holocrine. PARAFORM or PARA-FORMALDEHYDE, more cor- rectly trioxy methylene, and also known as triformol, is polymerized formaldehyde, (CH 2 0) 3 ; a white powder, in- soluble in alcohol or ether, and giving off formaldehyde at ordinary temperature and more rapidly when heated. It is used chiefly for the generation of formaldehyde gas for disinfectant purposes, also on warts (10 per cent, suspen- sion in collodion) ; it is occasionally prescribed as an in- testinal disinfectant in diarrhea, and it is employed in dentistry for disinfecting root canals. Dose, 3 to 10 grains^ See caution under formaldehyde. — (Nonproprietary.) PARA-LYSOL is a compound of cresol with an alkali, which, according to A. Nieter, forms white crystals melt- ing at 146° C. and containing 8.3 per cent, of potassa and 91.7 per cent, of cresol. It is considered as a solid cresol soap, and thus appears to be very similar to metakalin. Like the latter, it is marketed in the form of 1-gram tab- lets, and is intended for disinfecting purposes in 1 to 3 per cent, solution. — Mfrs.: Schiilke & Mayr, Hamburg, Germ.; agts.: Lehn & Fink, New York. PARAMIDOBENZOIC ACID ETHYL ESTER.— See an- esthesin PARAOXYETHYLACETANILID is acetphenetidin. PARAPHENETIDIN CITRATE is a synonym of citro- phen. THE MODERN MATERIA MEDICA 201 PARAREGULIN is a modification of regulin. It con- sists of an emulsion of liquid paraffin, containing 10 per cent, of extract of cascara sagrada. The paraffin oil in said to soften and loosen the feces, without chemically ir- ritating the intestinal walls. The article is marketed In gelatin capsules containing 3 grams, and issued specific- ally to regulate and facilitate the movements of the bowels. Mfrs.: Chem. Fabrik "Helfenberg," Helfenberg, Germ.; agts.: Reinschild Chem. Co., New York. PARARENOL is the trade name for a solution of the active principle of the suprarenal capsule, ar marketed bj Rich. Fiirst, Berlin, Germ. See epinephrine. PARATHYREODIN is a preparation of the parathyroid gland marketed as tablets each containing 0.1 gram of epi- thelial substance. The product is intended for use chiefly in tetanus. — Mfrs.: Drs. Freund & Redlich, Berlin, Germ. PARATHYROID GLAND DESICCATED is a light-yel- low powder having a peculiar odor and only partly solu- ble in water. One part represents about six parts of the fresh gland. It is used especially in tetany, following rt moval of the parathyroids. Dose, 1/20 grain, four times a day. — Mfrs.: Armour & Co., Chicago, 111. PARENOL (solid parenol) is an ointment base recog- nized in the British Pharmaceutical Codex, and having the following formula: Soft paraffin (petrolatum) 65 parts. Wool fat 15 parts. Distilled water (warm) q.s. ad 100 parts. Melt the petrolatum and wool fat, pour the mixture into a warm mortar and gradually add the distilled water. The product will. take up more than its own weight of water, and mixes readily with all fats. — (Nonproprietary.) PARENOL LIQUID is another B. P. C. preparation, made as follows: Liquid paraffin (liquid petrolatum) 70 parts. White beeswax 5 parts. Distilled water (warm), q.s. ad 100 parts. Melt the wax in the liquid petrolatum, pour the mixture into a warm mortar, and gradually add the distilled water. The product is a neutral liquid suitable for lubricating catheters, as a vehicle for injections, etc. — (Nonproprie- tary.) PARIETIN is identical with the well-known chryso- phanic acid. PAROGEN (liquid parogen; vasoliniment) is directed by the British Pharmaceutical Codex to be made as follows: Liquid paraffin (liquid petrolatum) 40 parts. Oleic* acid 40 parts. Ammoniated alcohol (5%) 20 parts. Mix, and agitate until a clear solution results. The prod- uct is readily absorbed by the skin, and forms a useful 202 THE MODERN MATERIA MEDIC A vehicle for medicaments when it is desired that their ac- tion shall not be merely superficial. — (Nonproprietary.) PAROGEN THICK (parogen spissum, B. P. C.) consists of hard paraffin 12 parts, liquid paraffin 48 parts, oleic acid 30 parts, ammoniated alcohol (10%) 10 parts. It is used as a rery penetrable ointment base for endermic medication. PAROTID GLAND has uses similar to those of the mam- mary and ovary; it has been employed in artificial meno- pause, intermenstrual pain and other conditions in which the ovary or corpus luteum is used. Dose, 2 to 5 grains. — (NonoroDrietary. ) •PASJ-AVENA is a liquid nerve sedative each fluidounce