V \ I-} A / ^^■^?^^i^.-^^^-:^ S 'i ? l^i |r^?:>^:,' i . ■ i i£ SOLD BY LIGGETrS R oAMERICA'S GREATEST DRUG STORE ^'Open Air to Everi/where. We Want Criticis m O URS is a public service corporation^-our liveli- hood depends on your good will — our 'buses are run for You. Now, then, if you have any criticism, any com- ment to make on our service — please make it. We want to be guided b}' what you think of us — and how can we unless Fifth Avenue J^^u tell US frankly and Coach Company fully what you do think? r/2? CONTENTS Chap. Page Frontispiece. Munifipal BuildiuK ---... 4 1. General Information. TrausportatioD Facilities, Subway, Elevated and Surface Lines, 'Bus Lines, Ferries, Tunnels, Bridges, Hotels, Itestaurants, Amusements, Theatres - - 5 2. Broadway. Skyscrapers, Trinity and Grace Churches, Union Sq., Madison Sq., Greeley Sq., Herald Sq., "Great White Way," Times Sq. 24 3. Fifth Avenue, Washington Sq, and Arch, New York Public Lil)rary, St. Patrick's Cathedral, Plaza, Residential Sectiou 40 4. Battery and Bowling: Green, Custom House, Produce Ex- change, Battery Park, Governor's Island, Liberty Statue, Ellis Island, Aquarium -------- 52 5. Bowling Green to AVall Street. Stock Exchange, Sub-Treas- ury. Assay Office, Financial District, Fraunce's Tavern - 59 6. Wall to Fulton Street. Clearing House. Chamber of Com- merce, Insurance and Jewelry Districts 65 7. Fulton to Chambers Street. Post Office, Printing House Sq., City Hall Park, Hall of Records, Municipal Building, Leather District 70 8. Chambers to Canal Street, Civic Center, Tombs and Crimi- nal Courts, Mulberry Bend, Chinatown, Hudson River Day Liue 75 9. Canal to Houston Street. Ghetto, Bowery, Bradstreet's, Po- lice Headquarters 84 10. Houston to 14th Street. Cooper Union, Greenwich Village - 89 11. 14th to 23d Street. Washington Irving High School, Hebrew Charities. Tammany Hall, Steinway Hall, Chelsea Piers, Sixth Ave. Shopping District 96 12. 23d to 34th Street. Metropolitan Life Ins. Co. Building. Appellate Court House, Madison Sq. Garden, "Little Church Around the Corner," Bellevue Hospital, Pennsylvania Station 105 13. 34th to 43d Street. Murray Hill, Bryant Park, Hotel Navarre 118 14. 42d to 59th Street. Grand Central Terminal, Board of Edu- cation, Clubs and Theatre Districts 124 15. 59th to 110th Street, East. Rockefeller Institute, Normal College, Fire Department 135 16. Central Park. Menagerie, Obelisk, Museum of Art - - 141 17. 59th to 110th Street. West. Columbus Circle, Museum of Natural History, Academy of Design, Riverside Drive - 148 18. 110th to 130th Street. Cathedral of St. John the Divine, Columbia University, Grant's Tomb, Harlem - - - 155 19. 130th Street to Kingsbridge. College of the City of New York, Fort George. Deaf and Dumb Institute - - - 161 20. Bronx. Parks, New York University and Hall of Fame - 16G 21. Brooklyn. Navy Yard, Greenwood Cemetery, Prospect Park, Fort Hamilton. Coney Island 171 22. Queens. Long Island City, Flushing, Jamaica, Rockaway - 178 23. Richmond. Sailors' Snug Harbor, Billop House, South and Midland Beaches, Fort Wadsworth 180 Hotels -.-... 182 Theatres - - - -* '^ * 184 Index - - - . .. ^.!. 185 Tke Greatest City m tke ^A^orld RAPIDLY advancing to first place in point of population, New York already lias achieved the primacy in all other respects. The Chamber of Commerce estimates the banking power of the city at $4,770,180,48;}, or 22.66 per cent, of that of the entire United States. With eleven great railroad systems and 114 steamship lines focusing at the greatest harbor in the world, the Chamber of Commerce estimates that the water-borne traffic exceeds 150,000,- 000 tons, filling the holds of 4,201 ships in foreign trade and 5.914 in coastwise traffic. Unlike other great commercial cities. New York is also the greatest manufacturing city. Within its limits are 27,283 factories and shops engaged in 297 lines of manufac- ture, representing an investment of $1,529,946,487, a sum nearly half the total the money in circulation in the United States. For the accommodation of the largest transient population, averaging 200,000, and the largest permanent hotel population, 100,000, New York maintains over 700 hotels, capable of entertaining 300,000 people. Over half a billion is spent annually in the city's dining rooms. The annual food supply is estimated as costing $1,750,- 000.000. The city's manifold attractions are scattered over all parts of its vast area, and the visitor whose time is limited cannot possibly see more than a small portion of them, but by following the carefully planned itineraries laid out in this book he will be able to see the most interesting sights with the least loss of time. Definite tours are arranged, each covering a section of the city. Each tour begins and ends at a subway or elevated railway sta- tion. Broadway, from the Battery to Central Park (59th St.) and Fifth Ave., from Washington Sq. to 110th St. are described separately. By taking these two trips first the visitor will obtain a general survey of the most interesting part of the city and locate landmarks for subsequent trips. Nearly all the data in this book have been obtained from offi- cial sources. The matter relating to public affairs, institutions and great corporations has been submitted to and revised by their officials, bringing such matter up to date and absolutely correct. To further insure accuracy, each tour was carefully gone over just before the book was put to press and the descriptions were veri- fied. Most of the illustrations were prepared especially for this work, in the same style as those which have given King's Views a world-wide reputation. The publishers will be grateful for suggestions that might increase the value of future editions. 3 MUNICIPAL BUILDING. Center St. and Park Pvow to Duane St. General Information. NEW YORK CIT\' consists of five lioruughs, Manhattan. Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens and Richmond, which were united in 1898. yiost of the attractions are in the Borough of Manhat- tan, which was the original City of New York, and when speak- ing of Xew York City one usually means this borough. Each borough is also a county of the State. Manhattan was the origi- nal place name in the Indian tongue. The first recorded visitor was \>rrazani, a Florentine navigator, who is supposed to have landed on Manhattan Island in 1.524. The first undoubted dis- coverer of the harbor and river was Henry Hudson, an English mariner, in 1609. Although fur traders had lived here tempo- rarily, the first permanent settlement was in 1624. In 1626, Peter ]\Iinuit arrived as Director-General. His first official act was to purchase the island from the Indians with beads and other trin- kets, valued at $24. The first settlers were Dutch and called the place Xew Amsterdam. In 1664 the Duke of York took the colony for England and renamed it Xew York. The BOROUGH OF MAXHATTAX consists of Manhattan Island and a few small islands in the bay and in the East River. It is about 13 miles long, with an average width of two miles, with an area of 18.80 sq. miles and population of 2,43.5,102. Hudson River, called locally Xorth River, lies on the west, separ- ating it from Xew Jersey. The East River, on the east, separates it from the boroughs of Brooklyn and Queens. The Harlem River, on the north, separates it from the borough of the Bronx. On the south is New York Bay. The BOROUGH OF BROXX is across the Harlem River from Manhattan. Its area is 40.6 sq. miles and its population 641.986. The BOROUGH OF BROOK- LYX comprises Kings County, including the former city of Brooklyn. The area is 80.93 sq. miles and the population 1,700,848. Xorth 'and east of Brooklyn is the BOROUGH OF QUEEXS, consisting of the former Long Island City and a number of old villages. The area is 117.36 sq. miles and the population 326,089. The BOROUGH OF RICHMOXD consists of Staten Island, with an area of 57.18 sq. miles and population of 91,870. It lies in the bay five miles south of Manhattan. The total population of the greater city is 5,-583,871 ; includmg Xew Jersey and Westchester suburbs, from which people commute to Xew York, it is (esti- mated) 7,400,000. The arrangement of STREETS in Manhattan is generally rec- tangular. Xorth of Houston St., wdiich is one mile north of City 6 Ki>ig's How to See Nczv York. Hall, streets running east and west are numbered from 1st St. to 220th St., the last-numbered street in Manhattan, and to 262d St., the last-numbered street in the Bronx. All streets from 8th to 142d St. are called east or west, as they lie east or west of Fifth Ave. The street numbers begin at Fifth Ave. and run to the river. Avenues run north and south and are numbered from First to Thirteenth Ave. Avenues A, B, C and D are short avenues east of First Ave. Lexington Ave. is between Third and Fourth Aves., north of 21st St., and Madison Ave. lies between Fourth and Fifth Aves., north of 23d St. North of 34th St., Fourth Ave. is called Park Ave. ; north of 59th St., Ninth Ave. is called Columbus Ave. ; Tenth Ave. is called Amsterdam Ave. ; and Eleventh Ave. is called West End Ave. as far as 106th St., where it ends at Broadway ; Sixth Ave. is called Lenox Ave. above 110th St. A few other avenues in the upper part of the island have dis- tinctive names but are of little importance. Fifth Ave. begins at Washington Sq., a block south of 8th St., and runs through the middle of the island to the Harlem River at 142d St. Broadway begins at the Battery, the southernmost part of Manhattan Island, runs northeasterly to E. 10th St., then north- erly, crossing Fifth Ave. at 23d St., Sixth Ave. at 34th St., Sev- enth Ave. at 43d St., Eighth Ave. at 59th St., Columbus Ave. at 65th St., Amsterdam Ave. at 72d St., and it meets West End Ave. at 106th St. It is more nearly due north and south than any other street on the island. There is no system in the arrangement or naming of streets in the lower part of the city; still, the stranger should have no difficulty in determining his location, as the elevated structure or somo other prominent land mark is visible from almost every street corner. The stranger should study the map and fix in his mind a few important points which will serve as land marks. These are the Battery, City Hall Park (Woolworth Building and Municipal Building), Madison Sq. (Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower), Times Sq. (Times Building), Washington Sq. (Wash- ington Arch) and Central Park Plaza, Fifth Ave. and 59th St. TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES comprise the subway, 4 elevated railroad lines, 17 street-car lines running north and south, 22 cross-town lines running east and west, and a stage line. Besides these there are a number of taxicab and carriage companies. The SUBWAY SYSTEM consists of a main line from Long Island Railroad station at Atlantic and Flatbush Aves., Brooklyn, Kind's Iloiv to See Nezv York. 7 to 96th St. and Broadway. From this point there are two branches, the Broadway line running to Broadway and 242d St. (Van Cortlandt Park), and the Lenox Ave. branch, running to 180th St. entrance of Bronx Park. The West side (Broadway) branch runs as an elevated struc- ture north of Dyckman St., and the East side (Lenox Ave.) branch runs as an elevated structure north of 149th St. A loop of the subway connects the old Brooklyn Bridge with the Williamsburg Bridge, with stations at Chambers, Canal, Grand Sts. and Williamsburg Bridge. Brooklyn trains run over this loop at present. STATIONS— ^Lmn Line : *Atlantic Ave.. *Xevins St., *Hoyt St, *Borough Hall, Brooklvn ; (South Ferry), *Bowling Green, *Wall St., *Fulton St., (Citv Hall), ^Brooklyn Bridge, Worth St., Canal St., Spring St., Bleecker St.. Astor PI. at 8th St., *14th St., 18th St., 23d St., 28th St., 33d St., *Grand Central Station, Times Square at 42d St. and Broadwav, 50th St., Columbus Cir- cle at 60th St. and Broadway, 66th St., *72d St., 79th St., 86th St., 91st St., *96th St. ^ , Broadway Branch : 103d St., 110th St. or Cathedral Parkway, 116th St., Manhattan St., 137th St., 14.5th St., 157th St., 168th St., 181st St., 190th St.. Dyckman St., 207th St., 215th St. Bronx: 225th St., 231st St., 238th St., 242d St., at Van Cortlandt Park. Lenox Ave. Branch: 110th St.. 116th St., 125th St., 135th St., (145th St.). Bronx: Mott Ave., 149th St. and Third Ave., Jackson Ave., Prospect Ave., Intervale Ave., Simpson St., Free- man St., 174th St., 177th St., 180th St., Bronx Park. Express trains run between Atlantic Ave. and the Broadway and Bronx terminals from 5 A. M. to 1 A. M., stopping at all stations south of Brooklyn Bridge and north of 96th St. Some express trains on the Broadway line run to and from South Ferry on a short spur from Bowling Green station. Local trains gen- erally run to and from Brooklyn Bridge, around a loop under City Hall Park, with a station on the Broadway side of the park. The local Broadway line trains generally run as far as 137th St. ; the local Lenox Ave. trains run to 135th St., then on a spur to 145th St. and Lenox Ave. During the early morning hours, when express trains are not running, local trains run between the Brooklyn and Bronx terminals. Running time of express trains between Bowling Green and the west side terminal is 43 minutes, between Bowling Green and the Brooklyn terminal 7 minutes. * Express stops, also all stations above 96th St. Stations in ( ) are on branch .spurs. 8 King's Hon* to See Nezu York. Fare, 5 cents, with free transfer between local and express trains everywhere and between subway and elevated railway at 149th St. and Third Ave. The destination of trains is indicated by colored li.^hts on top of the first car, signs in the corner windows of the cars, and on express stations by illuminated signs, corresponding in color with the lights on the first car. It is also announced by the guards of the train and station attendants. Two red lights indicate a Broadway express ; two white lights a Broadway local. A red and a green light are carried on Lenox Ave. express trains, and two green lights on Lenox Ave. locals. Traffic being mainly south bound in the morning and north bound in the evening, such trains are uncomfortably crowded during the rush hours. THE srnwAY. The present subway system is probably the greatest work ever undertaken by a municipality, yet it is but a small part of the complete system which is under construction. Built to accommo- date 500,000 passengers daily, its average for year ending June 30, 1913, was 963,132, the total number of tickets sold in the year ending June 30, 1913, being 327,471,510. The subway was constructed by the city and leased to the Interborough Rapid Transit Company, the contracts being awarded January 15, 1900, and completed October 24, 1904, and cost $75,- 000.000, one-third of which was spent for equipment, power- houses, rolling-stock, etc. Total length, 26.3 miles, with 85.2 miles of tracks. The entire system, as planned with the elevated rail- road, which will form part of the rapid transit svstem, will cover nearly 630 miles, costing about $350,000,000. The ELEVATED RAILROAD SYSTEM comprises four lines, which start from South Ferry. The Sixth and Ninth Ave. lines King's Hozi' to See New York. 9 run on the west side of the city to Eighth Ave. and 155th St. ; the Second Ave. and Third Ave. lines run on the east side to Third Ave. and 129th St. A spur on the east side runs from Chatham Sq. to City Hall, another runs from Third Ave. and 34th St. to Long Island Ferry, at the foot of E. 34th St.: still another runs from Third Ave. and 42d St. to Grand Central Station. An ex- tension from 129th St. and Third Ave. crosses Harlem River and goes through the Bronx to 198th St. and Webster Ave., the entrance to the Botanical Gardens in Bronx Park. All trains from and to City Hall are Third Ave. Bronx trains. Second Ave. trains go over the Bronx extension on Sundays, and during the morning rush hours some start at the Freeman St. station (sub- way), join the elevated railroad at 149th St., going over the Third Ave. route to 129th St.. then down Second Ave. These return over the same route during the evening rush hours. On the Sixth Ave. line there is a spur from 53d St. to 58th; St. and Sixth Ave. The spurs, except the one to City Hall, are served by shuttle cars. The Second and Third Ave, roads use the same tracks and stations between the Battery and Chatham Sq. ; the Sixth and Ninth Ave. roads use the same tracks and stations north of o3d St. and Ninth Ave. STATIONS. — Secoxd Ave. Line: South Ferry, Hanover Sq., Fulton St., Franklin Sq., Chatham Sq.. Canal St., Grand St., Riving- ton St., 1st, 8th. 14th. 19th, 23d, 34th, 42d, 50th, 57th, 65th, 72d, 81st, 86th, 92d, 99th, 105th, 111th, 117th, 121st, 127th and 129th Sts. Third Ave. Line : Same as preceding to Chatham Sq., Canal St., Grand St., Houston St.. 9th, 14th, 18th, 23d, 28th, 34th, 42d, 47th, 53d, 59th, 67th, 76th, 84th, 89th, 99th, 106th, 116th, 125th and 129th Sts. The stations in the Bronx are 133d, 138th, 143d, 149th, 156th, 161st, 166th, 169th Sts., Wendover Ave., 174th, 177th or Tre- mont Ave., 180th, 183d Sts.. Pelham Ave. or Fordham, Bronx Park. Sixth Ave. Line: South Ferrv, Battery PL. Rector St., Cort- landt St.. Park PI., Chambers, Franklin, Grand, Bleecker, 8th, 14th, 18th, 23d, 28th, 33d, 38th, 42d, 50th and 58th Sts. and Sixth Ave., 53d St. and Eighth Ave., 59th St. and Ninth Ave., 66th, 72d, 81st, 86th, 93d, 104th Sts. and Columbus Ave., 110th, 116th, 125th, 130th, 135th. 140th, 145th and 155th Sts. and Eighth Ave. Ninth Ave. Line: South Ferry. Battery PI., Rector, Cort- landt, Barclay, Warren, Franklin, Desbrosses, Houston, Chris- topher, 14th, 23d, 30th, 34th, 42d, 50th, 59th Sts., and northward the same as on Sixth Ave. There is free transfer at South Ferry between East Side and West Side lines: transfers between Second and Third Aves., at Chatham Sq., 34th St. (shuttle), and 129th St, ; between Third Ave. line and subway at 149th St. ; between 10 K{)iom Exchange PI., Jersey City, a hne extends northerly under the Erie Railroad Terminal to the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad Terminal in Hoboken. Erom a point near lloboken another line extends easterly under the Hudson River to Christopher St. and Sixth Ave., New York, and thence northerly with stations at Christopher St., near Greenwich, 9th, 14th, 19th, 23d and 28th Sts. on Sixth Ave., to the termmal at Broadway and 33d St. BRIDGES Four great bridges cross the East River, and 12 cross the Harlem River. The famous Brooklyn Bridge, from Park Row and City Hall Park to Fulton and Sands Sts., Brook- lyn, opened in 1883, is now the smallest of the East River bridges. Its total length is 6,016 feet ; width, 85 feet ; height at center over the river, 135 feet; height of towers above hi.^h water, 272 feet. It took 13 years to build and cost $15,000,000. Since its opening, about $8,000,000 have been spent on improvements. Manhattan Bridge, from Bowery and Canal St. to Nassau and Bridge Sts., Brooklyn, is the greatest suspension bridge in the world. It is 6,855 feet long, 122 feet 6 inches wide, the elevation at the center above high water is 135 feet and the steel towers are 336 feet high. It was begun in 1901, opened in 1909, cost about $14,000,000, besides $12,000,000 for land for approaches. Williamsburg Bridge, from Delanccy and Clinton Sts., to the olaza at New St., Brooklyn, is 7..308 feet long, 118 feet wide and the towers are 335 feet high. It was begun in 1896, opened in 1903, cost $14,000,000 and $9,000,000 for land. QuEENSBORo BRIDGE, from Sccoud Ave. and 59th St. to Jackson /*» ^ THE CITY OF NEW YORK. Total area, 31(5 s(|. niih's. Taxable property, land tioii, !t^l.T0<).620,4.j:j. Parks. 7,1)40 acres. Cemeteries, 2,155 acres. Leui^tb of st 16 prdvements.SS.dO'i.GiT.SGl ; personalty. .S:'.25.41S.440; real estate exempt from taxa- 720 miles. Leimth of ^vater front, 444 miles. Total wharfage space, 306 miles. li 18 King's Huiv to See New York Ave., Long Island City, is the second in length and the first in weight and carrying capacity of the world's cantilever bridges. It is 8,600 feet long. 89^ feet wide, with a roadway 535^:; feet wide; begun 1901. opened 1909. cost $1:5,500,000 and $4,500,000 for land. WASHINGTON AND HIGH BRIDGES. Harlem River. Trolley lines cross all four bridges, and Brooklyn elevated trains cross Brooklyn and Williamsburg bridges, and will cross the other two. The bridges across the Harlem River are : Willis Ave. Bridge, from First Ave. and 12.5th St. to Willis Ave. and 134th St. ; foot and vehicles. Elevated Railroad Bridge, from Second Ave. and 129th St. to Lincoln Ave. ; foot and "L" road ; Third Ave. Bridge, Third Ave. and 129th St., to Third Ave. and 136th St. ; trollev, foot and vehicles. New York Central R. R. Bridge, from Park Ave. and 133d St. to Park Ave. and 138th St.; railroad. AIadison Ave. Bridge, from Madison Ave. and 137th St. to Cromwell Ave., 138th St.; foot, vehicles and trol- ley. 145TH St. Bridge, from Lenox Ave. and 145th St. to Exterior St. and 149th St. : foot, vehicles and trolley. IMcComb's Dam Bridge, from Seventh Ave. and 155th St. to Jerome Ave. and 162d St. ; foot, vehicles and trolley. Putnam Railroad Bridge, from Eighth Ave. and 157th St. to Sedgwick Ave. and 161st St.; foot and railroad. High Bridge, near Amsterdam Ave. and 174th St., to Aqueduct Ave. and 170th St. ; foot. Washington Bridge, Amsterdam Ave. and 181st St., to Aqueduct Ave. and 172d St. ; foot, vehicles and trolley. University Heights Bridge, W. 207th St., Manhattan, to 184th St.; foot, vehicles and trolley. Farmers' Bridge, across Spuyten Duvvil Creek, at 223d St., to West King's Bridge Road ; foot and vehicles. King's Bridge, across Spuyten Duyvil Creek at Broadway and 230th St.; foot, vehicle and "L"' King's Hoiv to See Neiv York. 19 road. Foot Bridge, across Spuyten Duyvil Creek just west of King's Bridge; foot. Spuyten Duyvil Bridge, mouth of Harlem Ship Canal at Hudson River ; railroad. Harlem Ship Canal Bridge, across Harlem Ship Canal at Broadway and 221st St. ; foot, "L" road and vehicle. Willis Ave. Bridge has an approach from 133d St. and Brown PL, Bronx; Third Ave. Bridge has an approach from 130th St. and Lexington Ave. ; Madison Ave. Bridge has an approach from 138th St. and Fifth Ave. ; Central Bridge has a viaduct approach from 155th St. and St. Nicholas Ave.; Central Bridge has a via- duct approach from 161st St. and Cromwell Ave., Bronx. The only bridges of especial interest are High Bridge, a granite structure of 14 arches, the foot walk, 116 feet above the river, carrying the pipes of the original Croton Aqueduct; McComb's Dam Bridge, with its viaduct approaches, and Washington Bridge, considered to be the most beautiful of the city's bridges. It con- sists of two steel arches, each having a span of 510 feet and a height of 135 feet. The bridge, with its approaches, is 2,399 feet long, 86 feet wide and cost $2,700,000. DISTANXES. The distance from the Battery to City Hall, is 34 mile, from City Hall to Houston St. along Broadway one mile. Along Broadway the distance from Houston St. to 23d St. is VA miles; from 23d St. to 59th St. two miles, the whole distance from the Battery to Central Park, at 59th St. and Broadway, being five miles. Along the avenues 20 blocks are a mile, and between avenues 7 blocks are about a mile. The distance from Fifth Ave. to the river on either side is from 1 to lU miles. HOTELS. To give a list of the hundreds of hotels in New York Citv would simply bewilder the stranger. The hotel dis- trict in which most of the large hotels are found lies between Broadway and Park Ave., from 24th to 59th St. Many have world-wide reputations, others not so well known have distinc- tive characteristics, still others do not advertise extensively, yet in appointments, meals and hotel facilities satisfy the most exacting. An arbitrary classification may be made: Into ultrafash- ionable, having a minimum rate for a room of $3 a day; fashion- able, with a minimum rate of $2.50 ; first-class, with a minimum rate of $2 ; good, with a minimum rate of $1.50, and fair, with a minimum rate of $1. Room with bath usually costs from 50 cts. to $1 more. There are, however, excellent hotels which have a few small rooms for which a charge of $1 is made, while some hotels with a minimum rate of $2.50 possess no other advantage over cheaper hotels than an old reputation or a fashionable loca- 20 Kvi.^'s Hoiv to See Neiv York. tion. Fashionable, in this classification, does not necessarily imply that the hotel is patronized by "society folks." Some, like the Manhattan and the Belmont, near Grand Central Station, attract mainly business people who desire the best hotel accom- modations obtainable, yet want to stay near the railroad station. Others, like the Marie Antoinette, Ansonia, Bretton Hall, Ma- jestic and similar great houses on upper Broadway (north of 59th St.) and Central Park West are really family hotels cater- ing mainly to permanent patrons, though having accommoda- tions for transient guests. The Martha Washington Hotel, on 29th St., near Fifth Ave., is a good hotel exclusively for women, the restaurant alone being open to men. A few hotels near Broadway and 42d St. attract a sporting element, while some have a large theatrical patronage. The vicious "Raines' law'' hotels, which the police occasionally raid, are usually small establishments outside of the hotel district. Visitors should select their stopping-place either from the experience of friends or from advertisements before their arrival. Never leave the choice to the hack or taxicab driver. In a few instances two hotels have the same name, or similar names. The famous Belmont Hotel is on 42d St., opposite Grand Central Station, and another house having the same name is on 4.5th St. The fashionable Cumberland Hotel on Broadway and 54th St. has a lowly namesake on Third Ave. Churchill's is a famous restaurant at Broadway and 49th St. ; Churchill Hotel is a small house at Broadway and 14th St. A list of the best hotels will be found on pages 182 and 183. RESTAURANTS are attached to almost all hotels and hundreds are scattered over the city. A few hotels are run on the American plan, the rate including meals, but the visitor whose time is limited will have little opportunity to return to the hotel for lunch or dinner if he wishes to do much sight-seeing. There is a wider range in the character and class of restau- rants than of hotels. Delmonico's, Sherry's and the restaurants attached to the fashionable hotels are quiet, refined, with cuisine and service unsurpassed and charges high. In others with equally high charges more attention is paid to the surroundings, music and side shows than to the quality, quantity and service of the m.eals. There is music in the evening in almost all good res- taurants, but some have in addition a cabaret performance, dancing, singing, and some have unique attractions or surround- ings. It is an interesting experience to take dinner under the rafters, in a cellar surrounded by wine casks, in a room repre- Ki)ig's IIozc to Sec Xcii' York. 21 senting a jungle, or the dining-hall of an old German Rathhaus. The stranger visits these places under the impression that he is seeing life in New York, but the New Yorker rarely visits them except when taking his country cousin sightseeing. Many res- taurants, advertise low-priced table d'hote meals, but some fail to state that such meals are furnished only during certain hours, and at other times meals are furnished a la carte and the prices are then high. In restalirants furnishing low-priced table d'hote meals with wine, a drinkable quality of wine is usually supplied at a slight extra cost. Among the prominent show places in the hotel district are Shanley's, Chnrchiirs, Lorber's, Maxim's, Rei- senweber's, Faust's and Healy's, all on or near Broadway. These are popular resorts for after-theatre parties and are usually crowded from 11 P. M to 1 A. M. There are a number of foreign restaurants in New York, some of which are well worth a visit. Among the German res- taurants are Liichow's, on 14th St., and Allaire's, on 17th St., quiet, not gaudv nor elaborate, but good. The Hofbriiuhaus, the Kaiserhof and 'the Wiirzlnirger Hofbrauhaus are elaborate show places. Bustanoby's and the Parisian are elaborate French restaurants, with cabaret performances and dancing as attrac- tions. Mouquin's, Bosquet and the Rotisserie are quiet, unosten- tatious French restaurants, where the food and prices rather than the side shows attract patrons. The large American restaurants generally furnish French and Italian dishes. The best-known Italian restaurants are the Roma. Moretti, Colaizzi, Guffanti, Roversi, Carlos, all near Broadway, and Gonfarone. The Roma is the mose elaborate of these. Spanish restaurants are found on 14th St., west of Sixth Ave., and 23d St., west of Eigth Ave. ; they are generally small places. Hungarian restaurants are found in the Hungarian section on low^er Second Ave., and east- ward. The best known are Little Hungary and Cafe Boheme. In the hotel district is Barth's. The Albemarle-Hoffman. on 24th St.. makes a specialty of English cooking. The Ritz-Carlton. which follows in style and methods its ultrafashionable namesake in London, has a^ similar restaurant. A few drop houses, like Browne's and Keene's, make a specialty of English dishes. The Hotel Athens, on E. 42d St., supplies Greek dishes to order. There are a number of Chmese restaurants in the hotel district, Kennedy's, the Tokio and the Pekin being elaborate show places, with Oriental fixings and Broadway cabaret attachments. There are several elaborate Chine<5e restaurants in the Chinese quarter, those most frequently visited bv whites being the Tuxedo. Port Arthur, Delmonico 22 King's Hozv to See Nezv York. and Mandarin. These, as well as the foreign restaurants in the hotel section, are really show places for strangers, the restaurants patronized by the foreigners themselves being located in the for- eign quarters. Lunch rooms are scattered all over the city, Child's alone having 46. These furnish light meals at a low price. The tea rooms, a recent innovation, supplying light meals during the day and patronized mainly by women, are found in the women's shopping district. One of the best is the Scotch Tea Room, at No. 31 W. 46th St. The historic associations connected with Fraunce's Tavern in Broad St., the quaint surroundings of Ye Olde Taverne, in Duane St., and the views from the Garret Res- taurant make these the most interesting restaurants in the lower part of the city. AMUSEMENTS. There are 115 theatres, including five roof gardens, in Manhattan, with a seating capacity of about 155,000 and a weekly attendance of about 1,000,000. There are 800 mo- tion picture shows, wnth a daily attendance of not far from a quarter million. Besides these there are 34 theatres and several hundred motion-picture show^s in Brooklyn, half a dozen amuse- ment beaches, including Coney Island, which has had days when half a million visitors were carried to it by car and boat. There are hundreds of dance halls, amusement grounds, exhibition halls, athletic fields, recreation centers and piers, etc. Theatres. The Hippodrome, with a stage 200 ft. long and 110 ft. deep, is one of the sights of the city. The summer visitor should visit one of the roof gardens, several of which are within a short distance of Times Sq. The Metropolitan Opera House is world famous. The Century Theatre is one of the most mag- nificent in the country. The Little Theatre, on W. 44th St., is a unique place, having a seating capacity of 299. Philipp's and the Irving Place Theatres give performances in German. The Knickerbocker, New York, New Amsterdam and Casino Thea- tres have stages suitable for a large chorus and generally present musical comedies. The Princess gives four or five one-act plays at each performance. The Winter Garden usuallv presents a conglomeration of musical comedy, farce and ballet, with a large chorus and a few famous dancers and comedians. The Empire pre- sents light comedies. The Vitagraph, formerly the Criterion, now shows motion pictures. On and near the Bowery are several large theatres, giving plays in the German-Jewnsh iar^on. There are eight vaudeville and six burlesque houses in Manhattan, and many of the moving-picture houses give vaudeville performances. The Eden Musee has an interesting exhibition of wax figures. King's IIozc to Sec Neiv York. 23 Madison Square Garden houses the circus, wild west show, horse show, fairs and exhibitions. Grand Central Palace is another huge exhibition hall, and fairs and exhibitions are occasionally held in armories. These are advertised in the daily press. Concerts are usually given in theatres on Sunday evenings, but the so-called sacred concerts given at the vaudeville and bur- lesque theatres on Sundays are really vaudeville performances without stage make-up. The classical concerts given by the Philharmonic, Oratorio and other musical societies are held m Carnegie Hall, Carnegie Lyceum, Mendelssohn Hall and other halls especially adapted for such purpose. During the summer months public open-air concerts are given in the parks and on the recreation piers. These piers are owned by the city and have an upper floor with benches, a band stand and various amuse- ments for children. Athletic Fields. The Polo Grounds, where the profes- sional baseball games and big college football games are held, are at Eighth Ave. and l.")')th St. The New York Athletic Club has priva^'te grounds on Travers Island in Long Island Sound, iu<;t bevond^the city limits. The Pastime Athletic Club has grounds' at the foot of E. 90th St. The Irish- American Athletic Club generally holds its games at Celtic Park, just beyond the borough line of Brooklyn. The fashionable Crescent Athletic Club, of Brooklyn, has grounds at the foot of 85th St., Brooklyn. Ebbett's Field, the home grounds of the Brooklyn Baseball Club, is at Montgomery and Bedford Ayes., Brooklyn. There are 10 other athletic fields in Manhattan and Bronx, and 26 in Brooklyn and Queens. ^Tany of the smaller public parks con- tain gymnasium apparatus and the large parks contain ath- letic fields, ball grounds, tennis courts, golf links and grounds for other sports. There is skating in winter on the lakes in Central Park, Crotona Park, Van Cortlandt Park and Pros- pect Park, and curling on the small lake in Central Park. The Aviation Field is at Mineola, about 20 miles from City Hall, reached by Long Island Railroad from Pennsylvania Station. _ , ^ Horse races are held at Brighton Beach Race Track, Conev Island, Belmont Park, just beyond the city line at Queens, and at Empire track, Yonkers. Indoor races and games are held at Madison Square Garden and the armories. Outdoor bicycle and motorcvcle races are held at Brighton Beach. . Rowing races are held on Harlem River. Other sporting events, like billiards, bowling and chess tournaments, are held in various halls, as announced in the papers. Broad roaa\\^ay BROADWAY, the most famous street in America, begins at the Battery and runs northward throughout the length of Manhattan Island and through the Bronx to the city limits at Yonkers. The street is really part of the old Albany Post Road, which extends to Albany, a distance of 150 miles. The street may be roughly divided into the financial section south of City Hall, the wholesale section between City Hall and Houston St., wholesale and retail section between Houston and 23d Sts. ; the theatre, hotel and shopping section, familiarly known as the "Great White Way," between 2?.d St. and 59th St. North of 59th St., it is a street of magnificent hotels and apart- ment houses, a few theatres and but little business aside from automobile concerns just above 59th St. At the corner of Battery PI., and facing the Battery, is the red brick WASHINGTON BUILDING, one of the earliest of the skyscrapers, built by Cyrus W. Field. It occupies the site of the Kennedy Mansion, which stood here from 1745 to 1882. Dur- ing the Revolution it was the headquarters of Washington, Putnam. Howe, Cornwallis and other American and British commanders, and later became the Washington Hotel. Adjoining it is the 19-story Bowling Green Building. The magnificent marble entrance hall, with a pictured glass screen at the end, is well worth seeing. On this site stood Livingston and Van Cortlandt man- sions, the former being occupied bv the traitor Benedict Arnold during his stay in New York, The old STEVENS HOUSE, at the corner of Morris St., was once the most fashionable hotel in the city. Here was celebrated the marriage of Daniel Webster's daughter, the most noted social event of its day. and later the public reception of Jenny Lind by ]\Iayor Woodhull. On the northwest corner is the Columbia Building, and a few doors above, at No. 45, is Aldrich Court, with an elaboratelv carved facade. A tablet on its wall states that it was the site of the first habitation of white men on Manhattan Island. It is also the site of the McComb House, the official residence of President Washington in 1790. On the opposite side of the street, north of Beaver St., is the Welles Building, with a rose granite front, and adioining it is the STANDARD OIL BUILDING, the home of the great oil concern. Structurally it is one of the most interesting in the city. The original building was nine stories high. It was decided to 24 i ■ k 8 * S « » ma ! ?! !" ■■ ■■ i" * iB "^v M r. s, Realty City Invest'g Singer Woolworth Am. Ex. Nat. liauk Municipal SINGER BUILDING AND BROADWAY. NORTH. 2.j 26 King's How to See New York. add six stories, but it was found that the building could not support the additional weight. The adjoining building was purchased and torn down, and a 15-story steel frame building was erected. From the upper stories a cantilever projection was constructed, extend- ing over the old building, and the additional six stories were built upon this structure. What is now apparently a single building, is in reality two buildings — a 15-story and a 9-story buildnig, the latter having six additional floors resting upon it, but supported by the larger building. Just beyond is the 20-story office building. No. 42 Broadway. The Exchange Court Building is on the south corner of Exchange PI., and on the other corner the Columbia-Knickerbocker Trust Building. On the west side is the new Adams Express Building, 32 stories, 486 feet high, and the Empire Building, corner of Rector St., with arcade to Sixth Ave. Elevated station. Opposite, at No. 66, is the Manhattan Life Insurance Building, 246 feet high, above which is a tower 102 feet high, the beautiful Union Trust Building adjoining, and the 'severely plain, dark red brick building at the southern corner of Wall St. This building has 18 stories, is 217 feet high and occu- pies a lot 30 by 30. The lot cost, in 1906, $654,456, or $576 a square foot. At this rate an acre would cost over $1,500,000, which was for many years the record rate for any piece of land. The ground floor and basement pay an annual rental of $40,000. At No. 2 Rector St., back of the" churchyard, is the 23-story U. S. Express Building. North of Rector St. is TRINITY CHURCH, the oldest Epis- copal church in the city. The congregation, organized in 1697, received from the crown a grant of land extending from about Fulton St. to Canal St., between Broadway and Hudson River. Although the church sold and gave away large tracts in this grant, it still owns property the stated value of which is over $17,600,000, the actual value being probably far in excess of this. The present building, erected in 1846, is a Gothic brown-stone structure, its steeple rising to a height of 284 feet. The reredos, 20 'feet high, a magnificent altar and the bronze doors, holding panels illustrating Biblical subjects, were gifts of the Astor fam- ily. The altar is 11 feet long, divided into panels, the central panel being a cross in mosaic, set with cameos. Standing at the head of Wall St., within a few feet of the Stock Exchange, no greater contrast can be imagined than the solemn stillness within the edifice and the noise and bustle outside. Surrounding the church is Trinity Churchyard, one of the few burial grounds remaining on Alanhattan Island. Here are buried Alexander Hamilton, Robert Fulton, Albert Gallatin, Captain Trinity Churchyard TRINITY CHURCH. Trinity Church 28 AM 1 : i; 128 ICAX i:XC'llAX(,K NAllO-XAL 1;AM> Bruadway, nurtheast curuer Cedar St. Kin^^'s llozv to See Neiv York. 29 Lawrence and his Lieutenant, Ludlow, who were killed in the Chesapeake-Shannon fight ; Stephen Dclancey, several Colonial Governors and members of their families. Lord Sterling, General Kearney, Francis Lewis, John Lamb and other famous New York- ers. Opposite the head of Pine St. is the Martyrs' Monument, erected in memory of the patriots who died in the British prison ships. The oldest gravestone is dated 1681, and some contain curious epitaphs. North of the Churchyard stands the 21-story Trinity Building, with beautiful Gothic fagades fronting on Broadway and the Churchyard, and adjoining this and built in the same style is the United States Realty Building. These two buildings, with the land, cost $15,000,000. On the east side of the street stand the L^nited Bank Building, corner Wall St., the 23-story American Surety Building, corner Cedar St., and between them the 7-story Schermerhorn Building, belonging to the Astor family. When the American Surety Building was completed, it was found that a cornice at the 22d floor extended over the air space of the Schermerhorn Building. To protect the cornice and prevent the erection of a high building, which would cut off the light and air, the owners of the Surety leased the smaller building for 99 years at an annual rental of $75,000. The block between Pine and Cedar Sts. was formerly occupied by the famous EQUITABLE LIFE ASSURANCE BUILDING, which was destroyed by fire in Jan., 1912. A new 36-story build- ing is being erected on this site, which in point of size will be the largest in the world. On the northeast corner of Cedar St. is the AMERICAN ENCHANGE NATIONAL BANK, 128 Broadway; the fine banking and office building, 16 stories, 235 feet in height, with 47,440 square feet of floor space on a plot of 4,508 square feet, was erected in 1901. This bank, founded in 1838, and nationalized in 1865, has total resources in excess of $70,000,000, its capital and surplus being nearly $10,000,000. Lewis L. Clarke is president. Adjoining it is the new building of the Guaranty Trust Company, opposite which, at No. 141, is the Washington Life Building. Two buildings on the block above. Liberty to Cortlandt Sts.. are among the greatest in the city. The much-pictured SINGER BUILDING contains 41 stories and 6 in the cupola, and rises to a height of 612 feet above the street. It contains 9^/ acres floor space, and at night it is lighted bv 15.000 electric lights. The tower rests on 36 caissons sunk to bed rock 92 feet below the curb and is anchored with eye bars to withstand a wind pressure of 30 pounds per square foot. Not a particle of wood was used in its construction. The 30 EQUITABLE BUILDING. Broadway to Nassau St., Piue to Cedar St. King's Hoiv to See New York. 31 adjoining City Investing Building is ?A stories, 418 feet high and contains l^A acres of floor space. Opposite is the large building of the Lawyers' Title Insurance and Trust Company. On the corner is the Broadway-INIaiden Lane Building?, while just above is the six-story building of the Title Guarantee Trust Company. On the northwest corner of Dey St. is the building of the Western Lnion Telegraph Company. A time-ball drops precisely at noon each day down a pole erected on the tower of this building. On the west side of Broadway, between Fulton and Vesey Sts stands ST. PAUL'S CHAPEL, the oldest church building on Manhattan Island. It was erected by Trinity Church between 1764 and 1766 in what was then a wheat field on the church farm, the front facmg the river, the rear facing the street. After the great fire of 1776. which destroyed Trinity Church, and until 1790 when the new Trinity Church was opened, St. Paul's was the principal church in the city. The pew occupied by Washinoton IS marked by the shield of the United States on the wall, and on the opposite side of the church is the pew occupied by Governor Clinton, marked by the shield of the State. The body of General Richard :\Iontgomery, killed at the unsuccessful storming of Que- bec on Christmas Day, 1775, lies behind the chancel. A cenotaph to his memory stands outside against the Broadway side of the wall. Among those buried in the churchyard are Colonel Beverly Robinson, Thomas Addis Emimet, Dr. William J. :\lacXevin, etc. Opposite St. Pa-ul's Chapel is the marble front of the National ^ark Bank, and at the corner of Ann St. is the 26-story St Paul Building, on the site of the Herald Building. The block from Vesey bt. to Barclay was occupied by the Astor House, once New lorks most famous hotel, erected 1836, closed 1913, and partially demolished to allow new subway to be constructed. On the block above is the WOOLWORTH BUILDING, the highest and perhaps the most beautiful ofiice building in the world It is_ 57 stories. 792 feet high. The observation gallery is open to visitors, admission 50 cts. On the ninth floor are the rooms of the Merchants' Association, an organization whose aim is to foster the trade and welfare of New York. Visitors are welcome Jonas & Co., on the ground floor, sell theatre tickets and souvenirs. ^Opposite the Woolworth Building stands the New York Post Office, described in Chapter 7, and, to the north. City Hall Park, described in the same chapter. At the upper corner of Murray St. is the Postal Telegraph Building, and adjoining it is the building of the Home Life Insur- ance Company. On the block between Warren and Chambers Sts. js the inconspicuous low marble building of the Chemical National WOOLWORTH BUILDING. Broailway. Barclay St. to Park Place. Kiiiji's How to See New York. 33 Bank, and adjoinini^ it, corner Chambers St.. is the Shoe and Leather Branch of the Metropolitan Bank. From Chambers St. northward for about a mile the street is given over principally to wholesale trade, with a few large office buildings at the lower end. The Stewart Building, occupying the block from Chambers to Reade Sts., is the remodeled building erected in 184G by A. T. Stewart for his dry goods store. It is now an office building and holds many of the city departments, which will occupy the great Municipal Building now nearing completion, at the northeast corner of City Hall Park. At the northwest corner of Chambers St. and Broadway is the 18-story Broadway Chambers, on the site of the Irving House, erected in 1840 and occupied for more than 20 years by Dclmonico's Restaurant. On the next block are the East River Savings Bank Building and the Barclay Building on the left and the Dun Building on the right. Going north from Duane St., the next street on the west side is Thomas St.. a public thoroughfare owned by the New York Hospital. To maintain its claim for proprietorship, the street is closed for one day every year. At Worth St. is a house having eight ft. frontage, the smallest on Broadway. Corner Leonard St. is the magnificent marble building of the New York Life Insur- ance Company. Among the tenants of this building is Bradstreet's, the general and local offices being on the second to fourth floors. The block from Lispenard to Canal St., long occupied by the Brandreth Building, will soon be occupied by a new building. At the northwest corner of Canal St. and Broadway stands the house once the residence of Alayor Costar, now used for commerce and offices. The house, except the ground floor, has been little changed and well illustrates the fashionable residence of the early '30's. The old Prescott House, corner Spring St., now an office and commercial building, formerly a noted hotel, is on the site of the historian Prescott's residence. Adjoining it was the residence of John Jacob Astor. The buildings between Canal and 14th Sts. are less interesting as a rule than their occupants, many of the latter being among the most famous in the business world. Of the buildings that may attract attention one is the massive granite warehouse of Charles Broadway Rouss, between Spring and Prince Sts. J. Fenimore Cooper lived at No. 595. This was a fashionable residential section during the '40's. At the northeast corner of Bleecker St. is the Manhattan Savings Institution, which in Oct., 1878, was robbed of $2,000,000 by burglars. Near Bond St. is the Broadway Central Hotel, opened in 1869. An immense business house occupies the site of New York 34 King's Hozv to See New York. Hotel, from Washington PI. to Waverly PI. Nearly opposite, from about 724 to 730, is a vacant lot, part of which was once occupied by the Church of the Messiah. It became an amusement resort in 1869, and from that time until it was torn down, in 1903, it was known as an unlucky spot. For twelve years various theatrical productions failed, and after Harrigan and Hart had had a few successful plays there it burned to the ground in 1884. Rebuilt in imitation of old London Streets, it continued to be an unfortunate site for amusements until no one would use it for the purpose. It has been vacant for ten years. An odd sign over a glove store opposite Astor PL, used as a trade mark, will attract attention. The next two blocks, from 8th to 10th St., are occupied by WANA- MAKER'S department store, the largest in the world. The new store is 14 stories high. The old store, from 9th to 10th Sts., was opened by A. T. Stewart in 1862, was at that time the finest estab- lishment of its kind in the country and was considered so far from the shopping district that people would not go that far north. Opposite, corner of 8th St., is the store of John Daniell Sons & Sons. At the northeast corner of 10th St. is GRACE CHURCH. This beautiful structure, with its pretty close and outdoor pulpit on the south and rectory and rectory lawn on the north, is one of the most pleasing bits of church architecture in the city. Note the ancient Roman terra cotta vase in the rectory yard. Near it is an ancient sun dial. At 11th St. is St. Denis Hotel, one of the few remaining hotels of the time when this was the fashionable hotel district. Opposite is F'leischmann's Bakery and Restaurant, where the "bread line" forms nightly about 11.30 to receive a half loaf of bread ; this is now a much-appreciated charity UNION SQUARE extends from 14th to 17th St.; the west side is Broadway, the east side Fourth Ave. It was arranged on the city plan of 1811 and contains about 3^ acres. In it are a central fountain, an equestrian statue of Washington at the south- east corner, a statue of Lincoln at the southwest corner and a statue of Lafayette, by Bartholdi, between the two, facing down Broadway. On the west side of the square is a fine bronze drink- ing fountain, presented to the city by D. Willis James. Of the buildings surrounding the square, the most noticeable are the Everett Building, 17tli St. and Fourth Ave. ; the Germania Life Building on the opposite corner and the Bank of the Metropolis at 16th St. and Broadway. The old Domestic Building, on the east corner of 14th St., and the building formerly occupied by Tiffany & Co.. corner of 15th St., are good examples of the iron front architec- ture of 40 years ago. From 17th to 23d Sts. there are mainly high-class retail concerns, the store signs announcing such well- Kins''s Ho-iC to Sec ^'cu< York 35 known names as Aitken, Ar- nold Constable Company. Lord & Taylor, Brooks Brothers, but they are rapidly moving uptown. A number of skyscrapers have invaded this stretch, in- cluding the 20-story building at 20th St., and a 22-story building at 21st St., and the remarkable Fuller Building, generally called the FLAT- IROX BUILDING. This 20-story structure rises to a height of 286 ft. and stands on a triangular plot, the 22d St. base being 92 ft. long, the Broadway side 224 ft. and the Fifth Ave. side 206 ft. MADISON SQUARE lies between Aladison Ave. on the east and Broadway and Fifth Ave. on the west, from 23d to 26th St., and covers an area of about 7 acres. It has stat- ues of Arthur, Conkling, Seward and a much-admired statue of Farragut. The Worth Monument covers the remains of Major-General Worth, of Mexican War fame. Once the center of wealth and fashion, but two or three of the fash- ionable residences that once surrounded it remain, and of the many hotels only the Albe- marle and the Hofifman House are left. The block from 23d to 24th St., now occupied by the FIFTH AVE. BUILD- ING, w^as for many years a hotel site. When this locality was a suburb of New York, Corporal Thompson's Madi- FLATIKOX r.riLI)IN( 36 King's Hozv to See New York. son Cottage stood on this site and offered hospitality to travel- ers. It was supplanted in 1859 by the famous Fifth Ave. Hotel, for years associated with the most notable events. The Fifth Ave. Building contains, besides many offices, the rooms of the Aldine Association and the Fifth Ave. Restaurant. The Metro- politan Life Insurance Building, seen across the park, is described in Chapter 12. The temporary wooden structure facing the Hoffman House covers the entrance to the shaft for the new aqueduct. Similar structures in other parts of the city belong either to this work or to the new subway work. Going up Broadway, we pass the site of Delmonico's, Twenty- sixth St., from Broadway to Fifth Ave., now covered by a sky- scraper, the 16-story St. James Building, on the site of St. James Hotel at northwest corner, the old but still popular Victoria Hotel at 27th St., and the New York office of the National Cash Register Company at 28th St. Near the northwest corner is the Broadway entrance to Proctor's Fifth Ave. Theatre, the main front being on 28th St. This has been an amusement site for over 40 years. In 1863 the Provost Marshal's office was here, and during the draft riots in July the whole block was burned down. The new Hotel Breslin is on the opposite side of the street. At the northeast corner of 29th St. is the Gilsey Building, which until recently was the Gilsey House, one of the most popular hotels in the city a generation ago. On the northwest corner is Weber's Theatre, formerly Weber & Field's Alusic Hall, and a few doors above is Daly's Theatre, opened as Banvard's Museum in 1867. When it became Daly's Theatre in 1879, it was at the upper limit of the theatre district, the lower limit being 13th St. Now it is at the lower limit, the upper limit being at the Lincoln Sq. Theatre, 66th St. Less than a generation ago it was the most fashionable theatre in New York, and while still giv- ing society plays it no longer holds its prominent position. Oppo- site Daly's Theatre is Shanley's Restaurant, and adjoining it is the Hofbrauhaus, one of the Broadway show places. Just above 30th St. is Wallack Theatre, another of the fash- ionable theatres of a decade or two ago. It still gives fashionable plays, but, like its neighbor, Daly's Theatre, it is already too far downtown to attract the class of patrons who formerly patronized it. On the same block is the Grand Hotel, one of the oldest of the good Broadway houses. On the next block, at the southeast corner of 32d St., is the Imperial, and on the northeast cor- ner is the INIartinique, and on the block from 33d to 34th Sts. is the new 25-story McALPIN HOTEL, the largest and one of the most perfectly equipped hostelries in the world. King's Hozc to Sec Nczv York. 37 This section of Broadway, from 23d to 59th Sts., is known as the "Great White Way," because of the brilliant electrical illu- minations at night. Here are some of the most marvelous and beautiful electric signs ever built. GREELEY SQUARE, the little triangle on the west side of the street, from 32d St. to 33d St., contains a bronze statue of Horace Greeley. This statue had a tendency to slide off its granite base, owing to the vibration of the adjoining elevated structure, and to prevent this it was necessary to fasten the statue down. In this triangle is the main entrance to the terminal of the Hudson Tubes. The block facing Greeley Sq. on the west, called Broadway, though really part of Sixth Ave., is Gimbel's. the latest of the great department stores. On the block above is Saks', and on the block from 34th to 35th St. is AIACY'S, one of the largest and best-known retail establishments in the world. This concern was the first to introduce the department system, and it was the first to leave the old shopping district about 14th St. and move to this part of the city. Facing Macy's, is HERALD SQUARE, with a statue of W. E. Dodge, a famous merchant of the city. On the east of the square is the Marbridge Building, a 20-story building costing, with the ground, nearly $3,000,000. The HERALD BUILDING, on the north side of the square, was, at the time of its erection, the most elaborate building devoted exclusively to a newspaper publication in the country, and archi- tecturally is one of the notable buildings in the city. It presents two interesting sights, a view of the press room through immense plate-glass windows on the Broadway side, and the mechanical bronze 'figures striking the bronze bell over the front entrance every hour. The smaller presses on which the Telegram is printed can be seen working during the day, but the largest presses are not started until about midnight. The northwest corner of Broad- way and 36th St. has been an amusement resort since 1876 and is now occupied by the Herald Sq. Theatre, now a motion-picture house. The block from 36th to 37th St. is occupied by the Marl- borough-Blenheim Hotel. Two blocks of one-story buildings follow on the west side. At No. 1368 is the news store of Harry J. Schultz, where visitors may find their home papers. The latest papers from all principal American cities are always on sale here, and also daily and weekly papers from abroad. In addition to the papers there is a complete stock of souvenirs, post cards and novelties. At the corner of 38th St. is the Knickerbocker Theatre, one of the largest in the city, and adjoining it, at the 39th St. corner, is the CASINO, the home of li-^ht opera and musical comedies. 38 King's Hozv to See New York. The west side of Broadwav, from 39th to 40th St., is occupied by the METROPOLITAN OPERA HOUSE. This immense structure, occupying the whole block and seating 3,366 persons, was opened in Oct., 1883. The auditorium contains 122 boxes, either owned by stockholders or rented by the season. The regu- lar prices for seats range from $1 in the gallery to $6 in the orchestra. Opposite the Metropolitan Opera House are several large restaurants, including the Kaiserhof, Lorber's and Browne's Chop House, and at the 40th St. corner is the Empire Theatre, where John Drew and Alaude Adams usually appear. At the 41st St. cor- ner is the Broadway Theatre, now a motion-picture house. On the west side of the block, at 41st St., is the Commercial Trust Co., and between 41st and 42d Sts. is the Cafe de Paris, one of the largest of the show restaurants. A former owner tried the experi- ment of enforcing the rule that only evening dress be worn in the main dining-room in the evening, but was unsuccessful, and the rule is not enforced at present. The adjoining Heidelberg Building, on the 42d St. corner, is another unsuccessful experi- ment. The ugly square tower, rising 410 feet above the street, was intended for advertising purposes, but the high buildings around it shut off the view of the tower and made it useless for the pur- pose intended. On the southeast corner of 42d St. is the Knickerbocker Hotel, one of the fashionable hotels erected by the late Col. John Jacob Astor at a cost of $4,500,000. The west side of the block, from 42d to 43d St., is occupied by the TIMES BUILDING. This magnificent 28-story building, rising nearly 450 feet from the low- est basement to the top of the observatory rail, occupies one of the most prominent sites in the city, and its massive tower is the most prominent structure north of the Metropolitan Tower. Its erection involved extraordinary engineering difficulties. The sub- way structure passes through the basement, cutting out a large portion of the building below the street level. On the east side of the block is the new Longacre Building, and adjoining it is Geo. M. Cohan's Theatre and office building on the 43d St. corner. Times Sq., from 43d to 47th St., is the center of the theatrical and hotel district. The Putnam Building, from 43d to 44th St., contains Shanley's famous restaurant and the offices of many theatrical concerns. On the southeast corner of 44th St. is the 20-story hotel built by Rector, now called Claridge. The west side of Times Sq., from 44th to 45th St., is occupied by the HOTEL ASTOR. built bv William Waldorf Astor at a cost of $5,000,000. Opposite the Hotel Astor is a single ornate struc- Ki lilt's Hozc to Sec Nezu York 39 Hotel Claridge Times Bklg. Hotel Astor TIMES SQUAKE. Globe Theatre ture, housino: the Criterion Theatre, at the 44th St. corner, the New York Theatre at the 45th St. corner, and the New York Roof Garden. The buildinpj was opened by Oscar Hammerstein in 1895 as the Olympia, a theatre and roof garden, but it was a failure from the start. On the block from 45th to 46th St. are the Astor and Gaiety Theatres. Between 46th and 47th St., on the east, is the new Palace Theatre, and the Columbia, a burlesque house, on the corner of 47th St.. numbered on Seventh Ave. On the west is the Globe Theatre, and on the corner of 47th St. is the Strand Theatre, with a seatingr capacity of 3.300. At 48th St. is Rector's new restaurant and at 49th St. Churchill's, both show places. At 50th St. is the Winter Garden. At 54th St. is the Hotel Cumberland and on the next block the Hotel Woodward. On the northeast corner of 56th St. is the Broadway Tabernacle, the Congregational church organized in 1840. At 58th St. is the 20-story building of the U. S. Rubber Company, the tallest build- ing north of Times Sq. At 59th St., Columbus Circle is reached, described in Chapters 14 and 17. Broadway, from 48th to 70th St., is the center of the automobile trade, most of the stores being devoted to the exhibition and sale of motor vehicles and their accessories. Fiftk A venue See Fifth Are. from a 'Bus. THIS famous thoroughfare has undergone a complete change in less than two decades, and what was once the fashionable residential section is now almost completely given over to busi- ness. There are still a fev^ residential buildings below 42d St., but most, except those south of 12th St., have been transformed into, or replaced by, business buildings which are now invading even the once ultra-fashionable section between 42d and 59th Sts. The section north of 110th St. has become a tenement district, and tenements fill the side streets north of 96th St. almost to Fifth Ave. This restricts the fashionable residential section to the part facing Central Park from 58th to 96th St. The recent enforce- ment of the law against street encroachments compelled many house-owners to remove stairways, hedges, walls, gardens, etc., •which extended beyond the house lines, necessitating new en- trances to the buildings and giving an odd ap- pearance to many house fronts, especially notice- able in the case of some of the churches. Fifth Ave. begins at Washington Sq. On the south side of the square is the Judson Memorial Baptist Church, with a terra - cotta campanile tower. The north side contains a number of old- fashioned houses which were fashionable resi- dences 40 years ago. Most of them are still occupied by members of notable New York fami- lies. On the east side is the NEW YORK UNI- VERSITY BUILDING. WASHINGTON ARCH. The Upper floors are used 40 King's Hozi' to Sec New York. 41 by some departments of the New York University, while the lower floors are occupied by the American Book Company, and on the west is the Holley, a quiet, refined hotel. WASHINGTON ARCH, in the center, was erected between 1890 and 1892 by public subscription in commemoration of the centennial of Washington's inauguration. It is of white marble, 77 ft. high, with a span of 30 ft., and cost $128,000. It was de- signed by Stanford White. Just above Waverly PI. is Washing- ton ]Mews, a narrow, private street occupied by the stables once belonging to the houses fronting on Washington Sq. and 8th St. The marble front building, corner 8th St., was the residence of the late John Taylor Johnson. On the northeast corner is the Brevoort-Lafayette Hotel, once an ultra-fashionable hotel, now patronized mainly by foreigners. At the southeast corner of 9th St. is the former residence of Mark Twain, and on the northeast corner is that of General Daniel Sickles. At 10th St. is the Grosvenor Hotel, and opposite it the Episcopal Church of the Ascension. The block from 11th to 12th St. is occupied by the First Presbyterian Church, organized in 1716. From this point northward to 42d St. the entire aspect of the street has changed in less than a decade, not a single residence remaining from 14th to 23d St. At 12th St. is an 18-story loft building, at 15th St. the Kensington Building, and at 19th St. the Arnold Constable Dry Goods Store, which fronts on Broadway. Several other Broad- way buildings run through to Fifth Ave. in this section. At 20th St. is the ^iethodist Book Concern, with the Presbyterian Build- ing just above. At 22d St. is the Fuller Building, or "Flatiron." At 23d St., where Broadway crosses, is the Fifth Ave. Building, on the site of the long famous Fifth Ave. Hotel. Opposite is :\Iadison Sq. At 25th St. is the Worth ^^lonument, and near 26th St. the statue of Admiral Farragut. Northward for a mile and a half are scores of retail shops which are unsurpassed in the world, but space permits mention of only the most notable. A large office and store building is on the site of Delmonico's. southwest corner of 26th St., and the Croisic, a similar building, is on the northwest corner. Across the avenue the entire block is occupied by the Brunswick Build- ing, on the site of the once fashionable Brunswick Hotel. The 27Ui St. corner of this building is occupied by Brentano's book store, one of the largest and most complete establishments in the country. On the opposite corner is the Victoria Hotel \yhich fronts on Broad wav. and just above is the Second National Bank. The large building on the southeast corner of 29th St. is the 42 King's How to See New York. Knickerbocker Apartments, while diagonally across the street is the MARBLE COLLEGIATE CHURCH, one of the six Col- legiate Churches which trace their origin to the First Church, organized In' the Dutch settlers in 1628. Adjoining it is the Hol- land House, one of the quiet, fashionable hotels, while across the street is the Calumet Club. On the northwest corner of 32d St. is the Knickerbocker Club, another exclusive organization, with a long waiting list. The west side of the block, from 33d to 34th St., is occupied b}- the famous WALDORF-ASTORL\ HOTEL, FIFTH AVE. North from 33d St. ol which the 33d St. portion, built by William Waldorf Astor. was opened in 1893, the 34th St. and larger part being built bv Col, John Jacob Astor at a later period. The combined building is one of the finest and most costly hotels in the world and con- tains 1,400 rooms. The magnificent marble building occupying, the entire east side of the block from 34th to 35th St. is Altman's fine department store, while on the west side is the Columbia-Knickerbocker Trust Company at 34th St. On the corner of 35th St. is Best & King's Ilozi' to Sec XcziJ Yorlc. 43 Company's store, which specializes in garments for children. Almost adjoining is Gorham's magnificent silver and jewelry store. On the east side is Gunther's fur establishment, and ad- joining it Tiffany's famous jewelry house. Diagonally opposite is the Brick Presbyterian Church. Just behind this, on W. 37th St., at No. 11, is the 37th St. Tea Room. On the northwest corner of 38tli St. is the new Lord & Taylor department store. The northeast corner is the Union League Club, the first of the clubs of similar name established during the Civil War to aid the Union. The brownstone house on the southeast corner of 40th St. is the home of Frederick \V. Vanderbilt. From 40th to 42d St. is the central building of the NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY, on the site of the original Croton Reservoir. The New York Public Library was formed by the consolidation in May, 1895, of the Astor Library (founded in 1849), the Lenox Library (founded in 1870), and the Tilden Trust (the private library of Samuel Jones Tilden and an endowment fund of about $2,000,000). At that time the consolidation libra- ries had 3.50,000 volumes and an endowment of $3,500,000. The present building was erected by the city and was opened r\Iay 23, 1911. It is 390 ft. long. 270 ft. deep, with 2 inner courts, each about 80 ft. square. Seating capacity in the main reading- room for 768 readers; in the special rooms for 1,000 more. In the main stack room are about 63 miles of shelving, with storage capacity for about 2.500,000 volumes. Book stacks in the special reading-rooms have capacity for about 5C0.000 more. The refer- ence collection now contains about 900,000 volumes and 300.000 pamphlets. The Library is open every week day (including holi- days) from 9 A. ]\I. to io P. M. ; on Sundays from 1 to 10 P. M. The picture galleries on the top floor close at 6 P. M. Besides the central building, the Library has 42 branch build- ings for circulation in the boroughs of Manhattan, the Bronx and Richmond. [Most of them were erected from funds given in 1901 by Mr. Andrew Carnegie. Thev are maintained by the city oi New York, and contain about 950,000 volumes, with a yearly cir- culation of over 8,000,000. The Library, central_ building and branches, is used by more people than any similar institution. At 43d St. is the Jewish Temple Emanu-El. the richest re- formed congregation in America. The building, following the Moorish style of architecture, has suffered in appearance through the change in the entrance. At the southwest corner of 44th St. is Sherry's Restaurant and Hotel, and at the northeast corner is his more famous rival, Delmonico. On the southeast corner is the Harriman National Bank, and opposite it the Fifth Ave. Bank, Kiiis's How to Sec AVcC York. 45 one of the richert in the country, its $100 shares selling for over $4, 300 each. Just above the corner of 45th St. is the Church of the Heavenly Rest ; the change in the entrance has altered the pleasing appearance of the building. The block from 46th to 47th St., on the east side, was occupied by the Windsor Hotel, which burned down in 1899, with a loss of 50 persons. The Windsor Arcade was erected on its site, and the 47th St. part was recently removed to make way for the building of W. & J. Sloane. On the northeast corner of 47th St. is the residence of Mrs. F. J. Shepard (Miss Helen Gould). On the northwest corner of 48th St. is the Collegiate Reformed Church of St. Nicholas. Mrs. Russell Sage lives on the same block, at No. 604, and Mrs. Ogden Goelet at No. 608. On the east side, from 40th to 50th St., is the Belgravia. a fashionable apartment house, the Democratic Club, and Buckingham Hotel, an old, fashionable hotel. ST. PATRICK'S CATHEDRAL is on the block from 50th to 51st St. The building is of white marble in the decorated Gothic style and is considered to be the most beautiful church edifice in America. It is 332 ft. long, 174 ft. wide, the central gable is 156 ft. high and the spires are 330 ft. high. The seating capacity of the pews is 2,500. The corner stone was laid in 1858 and the church was dedicated in 1879 by Cardinal McCloskey, who later presented to the church the high altar, under which he is buried. This altar is of Italian marble, inlaid with semi-precious stones. The front is divided into panels presenting bas reliefs of the Agony, the Carrying of the Cross and the Last Supper. The carved altar screen of Portiers stone is 33 ft. long and 50 ft. high. Seventy stained-glass windows illuminate the interior. Over half are memorial windows representing Biblical subjects. On the next corner is the Union Club, the oldest of the fash- ionable social clubs, and at No. 647 is the residence of Robert Goelet. On the opposite side of the block are the Vandcrbilt twm residences, brownstone buildings connected by an entrance struc- ture, which were for years the largest and most costly dwelhng- housLS in New York. Henry C. Frick lives in the southerly one, pending the completion of his new home. On the next corner is the residence of W. K. Vanderbilt, with that of W. K. Vanderbilt, Jr., next. The adioining beautiful residence of Frederick Gallatm was recently demolished to make room for a loft buildmg. On the 53d St. corner is the new ST. THOMAS P. E. CHURCH. The old building was destroved by fire several years ago. When the funds for the new building were about ready to start the work the earthquake in San Francisco occurred, and the congregation voted to send all the money to help the sufferers there, so the ST. PATRICK'S CATIIEDIIAL. 4G Fifth Ave., oOtli to olst St., to MadisoD Ave. Kind's ]Io7i' to Sec Xczc York. 47 new building was only completed in 1913. Above tbe church live two more members of the Vanderbilt family, W. Seward Webb at Ko. 680. and H. McK. Twoniblv at No. 684. Just off the avenue, at 4 W'. 54th St., is the home of John D. Rocke- feller. His broth- er, William, oc- cupies the brick building on the southeast corner, Xo. 689. The granite building on the northwest corner bearing a number of college shields on the front and side is the University Club. The Goth- am, at the south- west corner of 5:)th St., and the St. Regis, at the southeast corner, are ultra-fashion- able hotels. On the northwest corner is the Fifth Ave. Pres- byterian Church, and on the 56th St. corner is the former residence of Edwin Gould. A great office Tjjp^ SHERMAN STATUE, building is on the site of the Whitnev Mansion, southwest corner of 57th St. Un the opposite side, extending to 58th St., is the magnificent resi- dence of Mrs Cornelius Vanderbilt, for size and grandeur one ot the most notable on the avenue. The marble building on the northeast corner is the residence of ^Mrs. Herman Oelnchs. Will- iam E. Iselin lives on the same block, at Xo. 745. The stately l:omes which line the avenue and the side streets in this part ot A i N K i IMetropolitan West St. Woolworth Singer Municipal Whitehall Eiiuitiible Aqx SKYSCRAPERS OF LOWER MANHATTAN. Enormous steel lireproof Imi from 500 to 786 ft. high, three over 400 ft., a score over 300 ft. Here are the hei 48 Custom House Bridges Battery Barge Uttice Scnith Ferry worth two billion dollars, most of them built within a rlozen years. Six arc ■l•^^ York. 63 building itself, erected in 1836, was originall.v the Merchants Ex- change, then the Custom House, and was bought from the United States Government for $3,265,000. On the northeast corner of William St. is the old building of the Bank of New York, the old- est bank in the city. The original corner-stone states it was laid June 22, 179T. On the same block are the buildings of the Central Trust Company, at Xo. 54, the great office building at Xo. 60, and the Seaman's Bank, corner Pearl St. On the block below is the Tontine Building, on the site of the Tontine Coffee House, one of the most famous of the early meeting-places of merchants. The meal market and slave market stood in this part of the street be- fore the Revolution. Going south on Pearl St., a few steps bring us to the foot of Beaver St. Going up two blocks to William St., we are again in the midst of immense skyscrapers. The yellow brick building running to Hanover Sq. is the Cotton Exchange. The wedge-shaped building at S. William St. has on its ground floor Delmonico's Restaurant. Tw^o marble pillars at the doorway were brought from Pompeii, where they were found among the ruins. The Corn Exchange Bank and the Farmers' Loan and Trust Company Building occupy other corners. The southeast corner of Hanover Sq., which is just to the east, is occupied by the large new building of the shipping firm of R. Grace & Co. Going east on Old Slip, the short street running to the East River, on the block, from Water to Front St., is a fire engine company, and on the next block a police station, one of the finest in the city. At the river is South St. Turning south one block is the new Seaman's Institute, on which is the Titanic Memorial Lighthouse, with a time ball. The East River front, from Old Slip to Broad St., was, in the days of clipper ships, the most interesting and busy strip of water front around Xew York. With their disappearance it has become commonplace. JEAXETTE PARK, in Coenties Slip, was named in honor of the vessel fitted out by the Xew York Herald for Lt. DeLong for Arctic exploration. The vessel, with its commander, was lost in the Arctic in 1881. The site of the park was formerly an indentation extending nearly to the elevated structure and used as the landing-place for canal barges. A bronze plate on a build- ing, at Xo. 88 Pearl St., states that it is where the great fire of 1835 stopped after destroying 650 buildings. BROAD ST. was originally a creek through marshes which extended almost up to Wall St. The Dutch boarded up the sides and later covered it over, forming a wide street. At the south- east corner of Broad and Pearl St. is the historical FRAUXCE'S TA VERX, where Washington took leave of his officers at the close 64 King's How to See Nezv York. Fraunce's Tavern. of the Revolution. It has been restored and presents to-day the same appearance as it did in Washington's day. It was built in 1725 and is sup- posed to be the oldest build- ing on Manhattan Island. The long room on the sec- ond floor is now used as a restaurant. The building is well worth a visit. Nearly opposite is the building of the Bush Terminal Com- pany. A small plot at Stone St., 10 by 20, is held by the family of the original Dutch owner. At Xo. 84 is the Austrian Society's Home, and at No. 78 is the Mari- time Exchange, with an interesting model-room. On the southeast corner of Beaver St. is the marble Consolidated Stock- Exchange ; visitors' entrance on Beaver St. This exchange was formed in 1885 by the union of the Mining Stock Exchange and five other boards, and deals mainly in oil and mining, with some railway and other securities. Opposite is the American Bank Note Building on the south and the Morris Building on the north cor- ner. A curious feature of the street is the curb market. A part of Broad St., just to the northward, is roped off, and in the enclos- ure are brokers and brokers' clerks, w^ho have no connection with any organized exchange. They will deal in any kind of stock or other financial securities for which they can get purchasers, and they transmit their orders in pantomimic signs to their offices in the surrounding buildings. It is one of the sights of the town no visitor should miss. The No. 50 Broad St., Johnson, Blair and Commercial Cable Buildings are a group of lofty buildings on the west side of the street, near Exchange PI, and on the east side are the Broad Exchange and the Mills Buildings, all magnificent structures filled wnth offices of financial concerns. Turning west at Exchange PI., past New St., the narrow street between Broad St. and Broad- way, on which the buildings face the other two thoroughfares. Broadway is reached and the subway at Wall St. The large building on Rector St., seen across Trinity Churchyard, is the U. S. Express Building. Wall to Fulton Street ROUTE. Siibzcay Station at Wall St., Cedar to Nassau, to Maiden Lane, to South, to Fulton, to William, to John, to Nassau, to Maiden Lane, to Cortlandt, to Church, to Liberty, to West, to Fulton, to Siibzvay. GOING up Broadway two blocks we reach Cedar St. On Cedar St.. a few feet east of Broadway, is the NEW YORK CLEARING HOUSE, a white marble structure declared to be the most beautiful building devoted to finance in the city. The upper part is profusely decorated and the whole topped by a sky- lighted dome. The ground floor is occupied by the Chase National Bank, the upper floors by the Clearing House Associa- tion. Here the checks received by the 65 banks and trust compa- nies forming the association are collected daily, and by a system of exchanges it is found how much each bank must pay or receive to clear its account with the others. In 1913 the clearings amounted to over 98,121 million dol- lars, a daily average of over $323,800,000. On Nov. 3, 1909, the clearings amounted to $736,000,000. The average daily bal- ances in 1913 were $16,970,000, or about 5^ per cent, of the clearings. The work of the Clearing House is very interesting, but visitors are not ad- mitted. The most interesting feature in the building, but not shown to visitors, is the triple vault, really three chrome steel safes, in the cellar. n. y. clearing house 66 King's Hozv to See Neiv York. The vault rests upon piers of concrete masonry and railroad iron 7 ft. high, three piers being imbedded in a base of concrete 6 ft. thick. The outer walls of the vault consist of steel plates 6 in. thick; each outer door weighs 10 tons, and these, with two inner doors to each safe, are fitted with time and combination locks. Around the vault, 4 ft. from the walls, is a fence with bars 3 in. thick. Other precautions besides watchmen are measures for flooding the vault room, or filling it with live steam. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. 65 Liberty St. for electric signaling upon contact with any part of the walls, for sending a high voltage current through the fence and walls, etc. The interior dimensions of the vault are : 24 ft. wide, 20 ft. deep and 12 ft. high, hold- ing when full 210 tons of gold. Nassau St., the narrow thorough- fare one block east of Broadway, was laid out in 1692 and was never widened. It is now one of the busiest streets in the city. Its congested condition during the noon and early eve- ning hours, when the thousands of individuals who occupy the lofty buildings during working hours fill the street, is used as an irrefutable argument against the erection of skyscrapers in narrow thoroughfares. The block on Nassau St. between Cedar and Pine Sts. is occu- pied bv the building of the Fourth National Bank. On the east side of the block, from Cedar to Liberty St.. is the MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING. It occupies the site of the ]\Iiddle Dutch Reformed Church, first erected in 1729, demolished 1882 and used for 30 years as the Post Ofiice. Behind the Church, on the Liberty St. side, stood the Lispenard Sugar House, used as a military prison during the Revolution. A historical tablet is Kiii^^'s Ilozc to Sec AVzc Vork. 67 affixed to the side of the building. Opposite the Mutual Life is the building of the National Bank of Commerce, corner Cedar St., and adjoining it is the Postal Life Building. On the northwest corner of Liberty and Xassau Sts. is the 31-story Liberty Tower. 385 feet high. This building is typical of the development of build- ings with large office areas erected on small plots. Adjoining it on the west is the CHAjMBER OF COMMERCE. The present building, costing $1,. 500,000, was dedicated in 1902 by President Roosevelt. The front is embellished with Corinthian columns, between which are statues of Alexander Hamilton, DeWitt Clinton and John Jay. and groups representing commerce are over the entrance and below the cornice. The Chamber of Commerce, now numbering 1,600 members, organized in 1768, is the oldest commercial organization in the U. S., and deals with the greater problems of commerce, the development of the port and the ^velfare of the city generally. We turn east at Maiden Lane, which is the site of a brook where Dutch maidens did the family washing. It was known in Dutch days as Maagde Paatje, translated into English as Maiden Lane. At the northeast corner of Maiden Lane and William St. is the building of the Royal Insurance Company, and opposite it, on the southeast corner, is the large red brick building of the London, Liverpool and Globe Insurance Company. This is the center of the insurance district. The triangular plot at the junction of Liberty St. and Maiden Lane is occupied by the new 20-story building of the German American Insurance Company, and opposite this, on the south, is the 25-story office building known as No. 80 Maiden Lane. The narrow street opening on Maiden Lane directly opposite this sky- scraper is Gold St., one of the oldest streets in this vicinity and the western border of the hide and leather district. At the foot of Maiden Lane are the piers of the Ward Line, and to the north as far as Burling Slip are the piers of the United Fruit Steam- ship Line, these two lines going to West Indies, Mexico, Central and northern South America. At the foot of Fulton St. is Fulton Ferry, and adjoining is the wholesale fish market. The fishing boats land here in the evening and discharge their cargo, which is stored in refrigerators or packed in barrels. In the early morning the retail dealers come with their wagons to cart away their wares. Those familiar with the famous fish market of London will miss here the picturesque costumes and language, the odors and confu- sion of Billingsgate. Opposite the fish market is Fulton Market. Fulton St. is the only street south of Houston running from river to river. At the corner of William St. is the Royal Building, and adjoining it is the Underwriter Building. On the building at 68 King's Hozu to See New York. the northwest corner of William and John Sts. is a tablet stating that this was the site of the Battle of Golden Hill, fought on Jan. 19, 1770. New York lives in the present and looks forward to the future. It shows little reverence for the past and this battle, in which the first blood was shed in the Revolution, is an almost forgotten incident, hardly mentioned in history. The building still standing at 122 William St. was the Golden Hill Tavern, in front of which the battle was fought. At the corner of John and Dutch St. is the 16-story Hilliard Building, and nearly opposite is the famous JOHN ST. METHO- DIST CHURCH, the "Cradle of ^lethodism" in America. The original church was built in 1768. The present building, erected in 1841, is owned by the Church at large, its management being in the hands of trustees elected by the General Conference of the M. E. Church. It contains many relics of the first church, includ- ing the clock presented by John Wesley, the founder of the sect. HUDSON TERMINAL BUILDINGS. Churc-li St., CoitUuidt to Fulton St. King's Hozc to Sec Xen' York. G9 Going back to Maiden Lane, we pass two large buildings filled with jewelry manufacturers and dealers. At Xo. 17 is the Silver- smiths' Building, and adjoining it is the Jewelers' Building. A tablet on the former building gives a short history of the street. This is the center of the jewelry trade, and visitors will be more interested in the shop windows than in the si/^e of the buildings. Crossing Broadway to Cortlandt St., we go west toward North River, passing the Cortlandt St. side of the City Investing Building. At the northwest corner of Church St. are the HUD- SOX f ERMIXAL BUILDIXGS, covering the two blocks from Fulton to Cortlandt St., between Greenwich and Church St. Above ground they consist of two buildings identical in construction, the upper floors joined by bridges which span Dey St. This, the larg- est office building in the world, 22 stories high, covers a ground space of 70.000 square feet. It has 4,000 offices, with a day popu- lation estimated at 10.000. On the lowxr floor is the terminal of the Hudson River Tunnels and an arcade which is a business street in itself. Beside the main entrance to the southerly building is the map store of C. S. Hammond & Co., where all kinds of maps may be had. We go south on Church St. to Liberty, then west. On Liberty St., east of Church St., is the building of the Fidelity and Casualty Company. At West St. is the Central Building, and one block south, at the corner of Cedar and West St., is the 23-story West St. Building. This is the highest building along the water front north of the Whitehall Building, at the Battery, and a conspicuous land- mark from the river. On the water front are the ferries of the Central R. R. of N. J. and West Shore R. R. at Liberty St., Pennsylvania R. R. at Cortlandt St., Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R. north of Cortlandt St. and the Fall River Line at Fulton St. -Here WASHIXGTOX MARKET is reached. This was, a generation ago, the great depot and distributing center for meat and produce, and while the vicinity still holds many whole- sale produce houses, the business done in the market building itself is mainly retail. The wholesale meat market was moved to the West Washington Market, at the foot of W. 12th St., and in front of it is the market wagon stand, leaving Washington Mar- ket a small retail market for transient customers. Washington Market and Fulton Market are the last of the score or more meat and produce markets that were scattered along the water front a generation ago. On Fulton St. is St. Christopher's Chapel and dispensary, at 209. and the Evening Mail Building east of Church St.. opposite St. Paul's Churchyard. We reach the subway station at Broadway. Fulton to Ckambers Street ROUTE. Fulton St. subicav station to Park Ron' (Cit\ Hall Park), to Nezv Chambers St., to Diiane, Rose, Pearl (Franklin S^'l-), Ferry, Cliff, Beekman, Nassau, Ann, Vesey, Church, Barclay, West, Chambers, City Hall Subway. A SHORT block north of Fulton St., at Ann, is the beginning of Park Row. The granite structure at the junction of Park Row and Broadway is the Federal Building, usually spoken of as the Post Office. It houses the main. Post Office for Manhattan and the Bronx, the Law Institute and the Federal Courts. The building has a frontage of 89 ft., its sides are 280 ft. long and the rear facing the park is 277 ft. The postal facilities, which were ample when the building was opened in 1875, are now entirely inadequate to the needs of the city, and a new Post Office has just been completed on Eighth Ave., between 31st and 33d Sts. There are in Alanhattan and the Bronx one main Post Office, 44 branch offices and 255 substations. The receipts of the New York office in 1912 w^ere nearly $25,000,000, the expenses less than $9,000,000. In all Greater New York there are 29 main offices, 81 branch offices and 428 substations. On Park Row, opposite the Post Office, is the 29-story Park Row Building, which at the time of its erection, in 1899, was the highest building in the world. The foundation is 75 ft. below the street, and the top of the towers is 382 ft. above the street. The building rests upon 4,000 piers driven through the earth to bed rock. The twin towers stand out conspicuously from the mass of high buildings around it, when approaching the city by water. On the next block is the Potter Building, and adjoining it is the beautiful granite front building formerly occupied by the New York Times. The building faces Printing House Sq., the open space of which contains a statue of Benjamin Franklin. This part of Park Row is still called Newspaper Row, although sev- eral of the great newspapers have deserted the neighborhood. At the northern corner of Spruce St. is the Tribune Building, with a statue of Horace Greeley, the founder of the Tribune, at the office entrance. On the opposite corner of Spruce St., with the entrance on Nassau St.. is the 23-story office building of the American Tract Society. Adjoining the 20-story Tribune Build- ing is the 5-story N. Y. Sun Building, formerly Lovejoy's Hotel, erected in 1811 as the home of Tammany Hall. On the opposite corner of Frankfort St. stands the Pulitzer 70 King's IIozv to Sec Xczc York. 71 f^ r ^ • t ^i-jf FEDERAL BUILDING. U. S. Tost Office and Courts. Building, better known as the World Building. ^ Its high dome, which at the time of its erection, in 1890, projected far above the city's skyline, is now overshadowed by the larger buildings around it. Visitors are admitted to the observation platform on top of the dome. The World Building adjoins the entrance to the Brooklyn Bridge, where construction work is at present under way for improved transit facilities. CITY HALL PARK is the ancient cow pasture of the Dutch and the Commons of the English. A corner, now the two blocks west of Nassau St. and north of Ann St., was deeded awav in Dutch times, and the lower corner was sold in 1869 to the Fed- eral Government for the Post Office Building, leaving about 8^ acres of park land. The City Hall, built between 1803 and 1812, was at the time of its completion on the outskirts of the city, and while marble was used for its front and sides, brown stone was used for the rear, where few would see it. The build- ing contains the Mayor's office, chambers of the Board of Alder- men, City Library and various other municipal offices, some of which will be transferred to the new Municipal Building. The building also houses a police station and the ^Marriage License Bureau. On the second floor is the Aldermanic Chamber, with 72 Kin,^'s How to See New York. HALL OF RECORDS. a beautifully decorated ceiling, and the Governor's Room, the show place of the building. Here is Trumbull's equestrian por- trait of Washington, and portraits of other national characters. the furniture used by the first Federal Congress, the chair used by Washington at his inauguration, his desk and a number of other historic relics. These rooms are open to the public and are well worth a visit. In front of the City Hall is the statue of Nathan Hale. Behind the City Hall and fronting on Chambers St. is the County Court House, erected between 1861 and 1867, but the dome which formed part of the plan was never completed. The erection of this building gave the Tweed Ring, a combination of dishonest officials, the opportunity to rob the city of millions of dollars. The total cost to the city was about $12,000,000, over $1,000,000 going for furniture alone. It is a magnificent piece of architecture, but faults and omissions in its construction are still occasionally cropping up. Across Chambers St. is the Emigrant Industrial Savings Bank. The brown-stone building adjoining King's IIoz>.' to See Neiv )'ork\ 73 the County Court Mouse, is the old City Court House, of no special interest. At the corner of Chambers and Centre St. is the new Hall of Records, an elaborately decorated marble build- ing, opened in 1911 and costing $10,000,000. The figures and groups of statuary on the exterior are by Martiny and Bush- Brown. The building contains the offices of the Sur^ogates, Register and Commissioner of Records. ^MUNICIPAL BUILDING, the grandest and highest muni- cipal building in the world, covers three irregular city blocks. The building has 26 stories, rising to a height of 330 ft. above the street, surmounted by a tower 210 ft. high, and holding eight stories. The total height from the subway arcade to the top of the 24-ft. figure on the tower is 560 ft. The principal front, facing Centre St., is 448 ft. long, the rear on Park Row is 361 ft., the Diiane St. side is 339 ft. and the Tryon Row side, facing the south, is 71 ft. long. The foundation is 130 ft. below the street level and 90 ft. below water level. The cost of the building, when completed, will be about $10,000,000. It will house all the city departments except the Mayor's office and the chambers of the Board of Aldermen, and offices required bv close subordinates of the Mayor and Aldermen and the Police, Fire and Dock Departments. The various departments which will be housed in the new buildmg now occupy rented quarters in buildings at an annual cost to the citv of $509,420. Passing through the arcade in the Municipal Building, a short distance east of Park Row is the building of the Newsboys' Lodg- ing House, at the junction of New Chambers and Duane Sts. There is perhaps no philanthropic work which has given more brilliant results and which has been more efficacious in preventing crime and vice than this home, established by J. Loving Bruce. The little feljows pay a nominal sum for their lodgings and meals ; they are trusted if they are "broke," and are encouraged to save and' lead clean lives without becoming effeminate. At the corner of Duane and Rose Sts. is the Rhinelander Building, on the site of the Rhinelander Sugar House, which was used as a prison for American soldiers in the war for independ- ence. Imbedded in the wall on the Rose St. side, adjoinmg the entrance, is a barred window of the old sugar house.- The build- ing is occupied by the printing plant of the Nezv York Ameriean and Journal, and other printing and allied concerns. A short block north (away from the Bridge viaduct) brings us back to New Chambers St., at a spot where several streets cross, and the stranger is apt to become confused. He turns to the left at the corner of Rose St. into Pearl St., which is here a wide thorough- 74 King's How to See Nezv York. fare. Going one block to the right on Pearl St. is Franklin Sq., where the bridge structure crosses over the "L" station. On the pier, near the Dover St. corner, a bronze plate states that it is the site of the Walter Franklyn House, which Washington occu- pied during the first year of his presidency. Cherry St., the nar- row street running north from the square, was the Fifth Avenue of that day, and a few of the houses, now slum tenements, still remain. Washington's Staff lived at No. 29. At. No. 27 Cherry St., Capt. Chester Reid lived, and here the first American flag of the present design was made. John Hancock lived at No. 5. At the corner of Dover St. is the Richard K. Fox Building, part of which occupies the site of the Walton Mansion. It was the «"le- gance of this building and the wealth of its owner that led the supporters of the Stamp Act to assert the ability of the colonists to pay taxes. Opposite is the Harper Publishing House. Going one block south we reach Peck Slip, which runs east to the river, and Ferry St., which runs west. Peck Slip, which ex- tended to near Pearl St., was the original ferry sli,j to Long Island. Going up Ferry St. to Cliff St., we are in the heart of the hides and leather district. The Schieren Building on the southwest corner has a tablet stating that ancient tanning vats were discovered while digging the foundations of this building, this locality was once Beekman's Swamp, and it is still known as the Swamp. The street south of Ferry St., Beekman St.. has an old residence of the Beekman family at the northeast corner of Gold St. At Beekman and Nassau Sts. are four large office build- ings, and several more are on Nassau St. This part of the street is so crowded about 5 o'clock, when the great buildings empty their thousands of day inhabitants, that the street is like a living mass slowly moving northward. At Ann and Nassau Sts. is the old Bennett Building, once used by the N. Y. Herald. Going up Ann St. to Park Row, we cross Broadway to Vesey St. Opposite St. Paul's Churchyard are the Real Estate Exchange and Evening Post Building, and at the corner of Church St. is the 18-story Underwood Building, and facing it offices of Trinity Parish and St. Paul's Chapel. Going up Church St. to Barclay St., the wholesale crockery district is reached. St. Peter's R. C. Church, at the corner, is the oldest R. C. Church in the city and occupies the site of the first church of that denomination in the city. At the foot of Barclay St. is the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R. Ferry to Hoboken. We turn eastward at Chambers St., pass the old hos- pital near Greenwich St., Cosmopolitan Hotel at corner of West Broadway and the side of the Chemical Bank near Broadway. Chambers to Canal Street EAST Of BROADWAY.— ROUTE. Brooklyn Bridge Subwav Station, Centre St. to White St.. Baxter St., south to Park St., Mott St., Pell St., Doyers St. to Chatham Sc]., New Bozuery, Madison, Catherine, E. Broadz\.'av to Jefferson, return Canal, Boicery to "L" Road at Chatham Sq., or Subzvay at Brook- lyn Bridge. A CIVIC center designed to hold the principal p'rtblic buildings has been proposed and plans have been provisionally adopted. This will include the present City Hall Park, and the space north of the Municipal Building as far as Worth St., between Lafayette St. and Park Row. Part of this area has been condemned for public use and the design for a new court house to replace the old structure behind the City Hall has been accepted. This building will be unique among public buildings, being a circular structure seven stories in height, surrounding a circular court, and designed to hold all the courts in the city except the Federal courts, the local courts of other counties in Greater New York and local Municipal and Magistrates' Courts. At Leonard St. is the Tombs or City Prison, occupying the block PKuPOSED COURT HOUSE. 76 King's Hoiv to See New York. from Leonard to Frank- lin St. and Centre to Lafayette St. The orig- inal prison, erected on this site in 1838, was the most perfect example of ancient Egyptian archi- tecture outside of Egypt. It consisted of a series of connected buildings, inclosed within a high prison wall. The pres- ent eight-story building, erected about 1900, cost about $1,000,000. Visit- ors are admitted. On the next block from Frank- lin to White St. stands the Criminal Courts Building, a magnificent red brick and terra-cotta structure, which is joined to the Tombs by a bridge spanning Franklin St. This bridge, popularly called the "Bridge of Sighs," is modeled after the famous Bridge of Sighs of Venice. Aside from the general appear- ance of the building and its ornamental inner court, the principal attraction is a set of mural paintings in the room of the Criminal Term, Part I of the Supreme Court. Spectators are admitted to all court trials. The Tombs and the Criminal Courts Building are built upon an insecure foundation, the site being once a deep lake, which has been filled in. On the block above is the main office of the Department of Health. Going one block east on White St., then south, we reach [Mulberry Bend Park, officially called Columbus Park, with an area of 2^ acres. Prior to 1896, the site of this park was covered by ramshackle houses, squalid rookeries and alleys, housing the most disreputable element of the city. This was the notorious Five Points district, which, it was said, had no counterpart in the world for viciousness, crime and squalor. At the southwest corner of the park is a wide space in front of the THE To:\rp>s. Criminal Courts Buildiua- in distance. King's Hozv to See Nezv York. 77 point formed by the junction of Park and Worth Sts., called PARADISE PARK. A few of the old houses still remain in the vicinity of these two parks, but business houses are being erected around them and the population which, in the '60's and '70's, was mainly Irish and American, with Jews in Baxter St., is now almost wholly Italian, poor but respectable. Where policemen were formerly compelled to walk in pairs in broad daylight for their own protection, the stranger may now walk unprotected at mid- night, providing he remains sober and minds his own business. The east side of the park is Mulberry St., "Little Italy." The best time to visit this section is the early morning when the street is lined with pushcarts, from which Italian vegetables and other food is sold to the Italian housewives. The religious processions on certain saints' days are intensely interesting. The processions take place at night through streets that are lit by thousands of tiny lamps festooned from walk to walk. These celebrations present a phase of foreign life with which the American is unfamiliar. We go east on Park St. one block to Mott St., and are in the heart of CHINATOWN. At the corner of Park and Mott Sts. is the R. C. Church of the Transfiguration. The building was erected in 1801 by the Zion Lutheran Church, which later became P. E., and now, joined with St. Timothy Church, is one of the fashionable P. E. Churches in the city. The building has been a Catholic church since 1853. Mott St., from Pell St. to Park Row. Pell St., which runs from Mott St. to the Bowery, and Doyers St., a crooked little street running from Pell to the Bowery at Chat- ham Sq., are occupied almost entirely by Chinamen. Here are their joss houses or temples, their restaurants, opium dens, gam- bling-houses, stores and homes. A Chinese theatre in Dovers St. was recently closed. The only places open to visitors without a guide are the joss houses, restaurants and stores. There are two joss houses to which the public are admitted, the one at No. 16 Mott St. being the more elaborate. A fee of 10 cts. is demanded by the old priest who, in pidgin English, explains the object of the shrine, the elaborate carvings, the utensils employed in the Chinese wedding ceremonies, etc. The stores have English-speak- ing attendants and are reliable in their dealings with visitors. Visitors need have no fear about entering or dealing in these places. There are a number of elaborate Chinese restaurants in Mott and Pell Sts., which cater especially to white visitors. These have menus printed in Chinese and English, knives and forks are served instead of chop sticks, the attendants speak English and the diners are almost exclusively whites. The true Chinese res- taurants where the Orientals congregate are small, poorly fur- 78 King's Hozc to See Nezv York. nished and are rarely visited by whites. The visitor cannot gain access to an opium joint without a guide, and unless he is able to secure a police official, he must depend upon a local guide. There are always a number of men in the street who approach parties of visitors and offer their services as guides. These men look disreputable, their language is coarse and slangy, but they can show what they promise to show — opium smoking. It may be a real Chinese opium den where the Chinamen lie cuddled up on tables, smoking opium, oblivious of the presence of strangers, or it CHINATOWN. Doyers St. may be a private joint rigged up in Chinese fashion, where one person, generally a white man or woman, will smoke for the bene- fit of visitors, explain the process and will then offer them the pipe to smoke. The usual charge is $2 a person, half of which goes to the joint-keeper. The usual time for visiting Chinatown is at night, but anything that can be seen at night can be seen by day. We go through Pell St. to Doyers St. Near the bend is an arcade running through to Mott St. Xear the Bowerv is the Res- cue Mission, which is crowded with whites and Chinese every night. At the Bowery is Chatham Sq. In Oliver St., a short block from Chatham Sq., is a Baptist Church, organized in 1795. Going down New Bowery we pass a small cemeterv, the oldest Jewish cemetery in the United States, opened about 1656 by the King's Hozv to See Nezo York. 71) Congregation Shearth Israel, which still cares for it. In Roose- velt St., a few feet from New Bowery, is St. Joachim R. C. Church, popularly known as the Ragpickers' Church. Turning at Roosevelt St. into Madison St., we pass through the Greek colony, and we can here observe another phase of Xew York's cosmopolitan population. Three blocks away is Catherine St., on the corner of which is the N. Y. Port Societies Mariners' Church. The streets running northeast from Catherine St. are tilled with cheap tenements, occupied by Russian, Polish and Roumanian Jews. We go up Catherine St. to E. Broadway, passing at Henry St. P. S. 1, an enormous school, taking in almost every national- ity of the world, then along E. Broadway. This street was at one time a fashionable residential street, and a few of the old houses, now converted into tenements, still remain. The residents are now almost exclusively Russian, Polish and Roumanian Jews, slightly better situated than those in neighbor- ing streets. At Market St. we pass under the approach to the new Manhattan Bridge. On this street, just south of E. Broadway, is the Presbyterian Church of Land and Sea, dedicated 1819. Facing the block from Rutgers to Jefiferson St., is the William H. Seward Park, 3^ acres. This park, opened in 1903, w^as the first of the many small playground parks that are now scattered throughout the city. Facing the park on the E. Broadway side are two prominent buildings, one the ofifice of a private bank, the other an 11-story cream-colored brick building, occupied by the great Jewish daily, Foncard. At the corner of Jefferson St. is the large red brick building of the Educational Alliance, a philan- thropic institution, having for its main object the Americanization of the foreign Jew, without destroying Jewish ideals. It contains a kindergarten and classes where foreigners, children and adults, are taught English and the principles of American government, besides the ordinary school subjects. The marble front building facing the park on the east, between E. Broadway and Division St., is a branch of the Xew York Public Library, and the building directly north of the park, between Essex and Norfolk Sts., is a public school. Edgar Allan Poe once lived at No. 195. Looking down E. Broadway, the view is closed by the factory with red tower of R. Hoe & Co., makers of printing presses, established 1804. We turn back at this point through Canal St. to the Bowery, passing the 11-story Jarmolowsky Building at Orchard St. and the 6-story Jewelers' Building at Forsyth St. The upper floors of the latter are occupied exclusively by manufacturing jewelers and dealers in precious stones. At the Bowery, occupying the block from Canal to Bayard St., Cotirt House CITY HALL PARK. Municipal Bldg. City Hall Scene of official eeremonies. Cost of city goveri is _ the entrance to the new ^Manhattan Brid.se. Opposite the bridge entrance is the Thaha Theatre, one of the few remaining relics of the days when the Bowery was famous and before it became notorious. The New York Theatre, opened on this site in 1826, replaced the Bull's Head Tavern, famous in Revolutionary days. It was here that Washington was met by the body of citizens as the British departed Nov. 25, 1783. The New York Theatre, later called the Bowery Theatre, opened as the largest and most sumptuous plaj^house in America, and for over 50 years it remained one of New York's most famous theatres. It became a. German playhouse in 1879. The present building was erected in 184:7. Adjoining it on the north is a small building, occupied from 1859 to 1912 as an amusement resort, called Atlantic Garden, the garden part being an open court in the rear. This was the last of the open-air gardens which were popular amusement places in the city for over two centuries. Before 1878, when the "L" structure was erected and darkened the street, this part of the SO f>v.y2, 3un" "Tribune" ■11.4.J0; largest 41 Park How items — schools Totter UlJg Post Office $;J7,0l>(j,:i55, interest ou debt. $38,453,876. Bowery was the brightest, gayest and liveliest street in the city. We are now back in Chatham Sq. and can take the "L" road or go down Park Row to City Hall. On Mulberry St., a few doors from Park' Row, reached through an alley, is the Bismark Hotel, the largest of the poor 10-ct. lodging-houses. Near and in Baxter St. are a few of the old-time second-hand clothing stores which made Chatham St., as Park Row was formerly called, notorious. There is nothing else of interest until we reach City Hall Park. WEST OF BROADWAY.— ROUTE. Chambers St., Sixth Ave. "L" Station, Duane, Hudson, Beach, W. Broadway, Canal, West, Desbrosses to Ninth Ave. "L" Station. THIS section of the city is almost w^holly commercial, with a few^ old residences, and where these are torn down commer- cial houses take their place. Going north to Duane St.. and toward the Hudson River, there is a little patch of green at Hudson and Duane Sts. It is the last remnant of the Annecke Jans farm, 81 Kill's Hozi.' to Sec Xczi' York. 83 which was sold to Gov. Lovelace in 1671 and liecame part of the Duke's, later King's and Queen's farm. This farm was granted in 1705 to Trinity Church, and that church still owns large par- cels of land in this vicinity. In 1731 heirs of Annecke Jans claimed that the transfer of 1671 was imperfect and sued for the land. Although there have been repeated suits, every one being decided in favor of Trinity Church, descendants still claim this land and sometimes attempt to enforce their claim. On Hudson St., at Jay, is the New York Hospital House of Relief, The block from Beach to Laight St. and extending back to Varick is occupied by the freight depot of the N. Y, C. & H. R. R. R. It is a commonplace brick structure, having, however, an elaborate bronze group, representing Commerce and Transporta- tion, in the pediment. It occupies the site of St. John's Park, which was surrounded by fashionable residences half a century or more ago. Some of these buildings are still standing, being now poor tenements. The house Xo. 36 Beach St. was the resi- dence of John Ericsson, the inventor of the "Monitor," until his death, and the adjoining house was once the residence of J, Feni- more Cooper. On the corner of Varick St. is the new police sta- tion of the Fourth Precinct, and just to the north is St, John's Chapel, of Trinity parish, now closed on account of slack attend- ance. The small triangular plot at Beach St. and W. Broadway is all that remains of St. John's Park, Two blocks north is Canal St., the width of which is due to the fact that it was at one time a creek flowing through a marsh. The sides were boarded up, making it a canal with a causeway across it about W. Broadway. The canal was later partly filled in, leaving the stream to flow in the sewer, now several feet below. We go up Canal St., to West, then south, where we can witness the enormous water front traflfic. At Des-brosses St. is the pier of the PIUDSOX RIVER DAY LIXE, established in 1863 and now operating the finest fleet of river steamers in the world, including the "Washington Irving," "Hendrick Hudson," "Robert Fulton" and "Albany." The "Wash- ington Irving," which is the most sumptuous and commodious craft ever operated on inland waters, carries 6,000 passengers, is 42.') ft. long and 85 ft. beam. Trips on these steamers up the Hudson to Albany or way landings, or making the one-day outing to West Point, Xewburgh or Poughkeepsie and return, form the most delightful excursions around New York. Uptown landings at the foot of W, 42d St, and W, 129th St. The Pennsylvania R. R. Ferry adjoins. We turn up Des- brosses St, to the Xinth Ave. "L" station, as the streets south to Reade, near the river, are occupied chiefly by produce merchants. Canal to Houston Street EAST OF BOWERY.— ROUTE, Grand St. Station Third Ave. "L," Grand St., Ludlow St., Hester. Clinton, Delancey, tO' Columbia, to Stanton, to Willett, to Rivington, to Chrystie, to Houston, to Bowery, to the Elevated at Houston or Grand St. THIS tour takes us through the Ghetto district and part of the Bowery. It is the section usually referred to when speaking of the "lower east side/' Grand St. is the principal business street of this section. At the corner of Chrystie St. is the new Grand Theatre, on the site of Lord & Taylor's early store. On the cor- ner of Ludlow St. is Public School 37. A few steps north of Grand St. is the County Jail, a plain red brick structure where Federal prisoners and other prisoners who are under personal charge of the sheriff are lodged. It is facetiously called the home of the alimony club, as most of the prisoners are men who decline to carry out the court's decree to pay alimony to their wives. The white painted brick building on the Grand St. side is a public school, formerly the Essex Alarket, Going south on Ludlow St. to Hester, we are in the heart of the Ghetto. The streets are crowded with push carts, the walks littered with stands and baskets from which the vendors sell their wares, and a pushing, clamoring mass of humanity — women with their market baskets, crying children and babies, and here and there a man forcing his way through the mass while the women and peddlers hurl imprecations at him — form a scene of confusion which has no counterpart in the world. Here is a sink of dirt and poverty, yet out of it rose men and women who have achieved world-wide fame. Crime is exceedingly rare, for while bargaining and bickering are the rule of trade, even petty theft is looked upon as a heinous offense, and the tin pan and dish rag are the most deadly weapons they employ upon each other in their altercations. We go east on Hester St., passing, opposite Seward Park, P. S. 62, one of the largest in* the city, to Clinton St. and up Clinton St., vv^hich is like Hester St. for a block or two. Just north of Grand St. is Clinton St. Hall, an amusement and meeting place erected as part of a philanthropic project to furnish places where dancing and other amusements can be had, free from objectionable features and at minimum cost. At the corner of Delancey St. is the 13th precinct police sta- tion, the newest and largest building of its kind in the city. Here is also the approach to the Williamsburg Bridge. An odd fea- 84 King's Hozi' to Sec Nezv York. 85 tiire, showing the extent of Jewish traffic, is the signs over the trolley-car entrances, giving the destinations of the cars in Hebrew and English. From Pitt St. eastward, Delancey St. is partly covered by the bridge approach, and here is the retail fish and vegetable market, also stalls where other goods are sold. Those who can stand the dirt and smell will find here a most interesting sociological study, and the bargain hunter who is an adept at bickering may pick up real bargains. We go north on Sheriff St. to Houston St., pass Hamilton Fish Park, between Stanton and Houston St. Two blocks east is P. S. 188, the largest school building in the workl. Going back on Houston St. and through Willett to Rivington, then west, we see another sight such as on Hester St. Here are Hungarian and Galician Jews who, coming from a more liberal government than the Russians and Poles, are less clannish and more readily adopt American ways. An idea of the density of the population in this section can be gained from the fact that on and within two blocks of Rivington St. there are 16 public schools holding over 30,000 school children. At No. 95 Rivington St. is the College Settle- ment, and at the corner of Eldridge St. is the University Settle- ment, the latter established in 1886. It has a kindergarten, 145 clubs, gymnasium, baths, lecture and concert halls, etc. This is one of the most efficient of the local philanthropies. Visitors are welcome. At Rivington and Chrystie Sts. is ^lills Hotel No. 2. Going north on Chrystie St. to Houston, we pass Italian quarters. On the Houston St. block between Chrysti^e and the Bowery are the Jewish Theatre, at the corner of Chrystie St., and St. Augus- tin's Chapel of Trinity Church, built upon an L-shaped plot. We turn south at the Bowery. It is no longer the Bowery "where they say such things and they do such things" of the song. Some low drinking-places and cheap lodging-houses still remain, but the dives, dens and brothels are things of the past. On the block between Stanton and Rivington Sts. is an Italian theatre, the famous Bowery Mission and, adjoining it, the 10-story Sal- vation Army Hotel The Bowery Mission has acquired a world- wide reputation through its "bread line." Soon after midnight the homeless and hungry collect here, form a line and at 1 A. ■NI. they enter one by one to receive their dole of a cup of coffee and a half loaf of bread. The distribution attracts a number of sight-seers nightly. On the block below, opposite Spring St., is >Iiner's People's Theatre. This has been a theatrical site since Tony Pastor opened his theatre here in 1865. The present thea- tre was opened in 1883 as a fashionable theatre, but it could not attract the fashionable audience for which it was intended. The 86 Kiiifi's Hozv to See Nezv York. next street is Delancey, the entrance to the Wilhamsburg Bridge. On the next block, near Broome St., is the Royal Theatre. At the corner of Broome St., is the Bowery branch of the Y. M. C. A., with a dormitory and restaurant, where the needy can get a meal for a nickel. Near Grand St. is the Bowery Savings Bank, one of the strongest savings institutions in the country. It has about 145,000 accounts, over $100,000,000 on deposit and nearly $10,000,- 000 surplus. On the corner is the Bowery Bank, a national bank. WEST OF BOWERY.— ROUTE. Canal St. Subzvay Station, up Lafayette St. to Grand, Centre, Prince, Mott, Houston to Lafayette, to Bleecker St. Subzvay Station. THIS is an old section, having little of special interest to the sight-seer except the new Police Headquarters, the old R. C. Cathedral and a few business houses having a world-wide repu- tation. Lafayette St., formerly called Elm St., w^as widened to relieve the congestion of traffic on Broadway. At Howard St., one block north of Canal, is the new building of THE BRADSTREET COMPANY, proprietors of the widely known mercantile agency, and contains its printing and bookbind- ing departments. This company, established over sixty years ago, with offices and connections throughout the civilized world, issues a quarterly volume containing the commercial ratings of bankers, merchants, manufacturers, etc. The information relating to mer- cantile credits which it supplies to its clients enables them to enter into business relations with merchants in any other city however remote. It also publishes weekly "BRADSTREET'S," a journal of trade, finance and public economy. At the northwest corner of Grand St. is the old headquar- ters of the Board of Education. One block east is the POLICE HEADQUARTERS, a granite and limestone building, sur- mounted by a fine dome. Here are the offices of the Commissioner and his Deputies, the Detective Division, Rogues' Gallery, cells for criminal prisoners, drill halls, etc. The police force consists of about 10,850 men, including 9,000 patrolmen, 1,350 higher offi- cers, 25 surgeons, 6 chaplains, 70 matrons, 478 detectives, 60 men in the harbor police (Police Steamboat Patrol), about 480 mounted men, 75 motor-cycle and bicycle men. Nearly 500 offi- cers and men are engaged in regulating traffic. The entire force is stationed in 100 precincts. There are also five traffic precincts, a harbor squad with three sub-stations, a bridge squad at each of the East River bridges and several minor squads (sanitary, tenement- house, public office, etc.). Just east, on Broome St., is the Broome St. Tabernacle. Proceeding northward, we pass Kenmare St., the BKADSTKKKT'S BUILDING. Lafayette St., cor. Howard. 87 King's Hozv to See Nezv York. IHJLICE IIEADQUA UTKUS. newly opened extension of Delancey St., which leads to the Will- iamsburg Bridge, and the small Kenmare Park, and at Spring St., Centre St., here called Cleveland PI, joins Lafayette. Just north of Spring St. is the engine-house of the large searchlight used hi fighting night fires. At the northwest corner of Prince and La- fayette Sts. is an old shabby brick house, now used for manufac- turing purposes. It was here that President Monroe died on July 4, 1831. Going east on Prince St., at Alott St. is St. Patrick's Church, formerly the Cathedral, surrounded by a brick wall. The church was erected in 1818 in what was then the outskirts of the city. There are some Catholics of local prominence buried in the churchyard. On the southwest corner is a branch of the R. C. Orphan Asylum, and on Mott St., opposite the church, is the industrial school of the Children's Aid Society. Going west on Houston St., the large marble front building on Mulberry St., just north of Houston St., is the old Police Headquarters. At La- fayette St. is the Puck Building. There is nothing of interest in this part of the city west of Broadway except the waterfront trafific along West St., which may be reached bv street car. The subway is a block north, at Bleecker and Lafayette Sts. Houston to 14th Street EAST OF BROADWAY.— ROUTE. Houston St. "L" Station. Bozi'ery, jrf St., Great Jones St., Lafayette St., Astor Pi, Third Ave., 13th St., First Ave., 12th St., Second Ave., 6th St., Ave. A, yfh St., Ave. B, 3d St., Ave. A, 2d St., Second Ave., ist St., Bowery to Houston St. THIS is an interesting section, containing many prominent sites and buildings and odd phases of life. The "L" railroad which runs here on a single line of pillars was called by De Lesseps an audacious piece of engineering. Going up the Bowery, we pass the Hadley Rescue Mission, a few doors north of Houston St. The building was formerly the Germania Assembly Rooms, a dance and meeting hall built on the site of Gotham Gardens, one of the most popular amusement resorts in the city in the '50's. Adjoining the Assembly Rooms was, a few years ago, a notorious dive which became known as Suicide Hall, on account of the many suicides committed there. At Xo. 38 Bleecker St., west of the Bowery, is the N. Y. Protes- tant Episcopal City Mission. Bond St., the next one north and only tw^o short blocks, running to Broadway, was a fashionable residence street. Washington Irving lived at No. 4.3 and the Jay family at No. 20. Corner 3d St. is the Dry Dock Savings Insti- tution, occupying one of the few artistic buildings on the old thor- THE BOWERY. NORTH FROM GRAND ST. 89 90 King's Hozc to Sec Nezv York. oughfare. Great Jones St., which begins opposite 3d St. and runs to Broadway, has one of the show engine stations of the Fire Department. At the corner of Lafayette St. is the ^Mission of the Immaculate Virgin, a home for destitute Roman Catholic children. It houses 375 boys from 14 to 18 years of age. A branch at Mt. Loretto, Staten Island, has 2,000 orphan children. There is also a branch for colored orphan children and a summer home for boys. The bronze statue of Father Drumgoole, the founder, stands in front of the building. The two blocks from Great Jones St. to Astor PI. were opened in 1826, during the visit of Lafayette, and named after him. In 1899 Elm St. was widened and cut through to Lafayette PI, and the whole street called Lafayette St. At 4th St. is the DeVinne Press, a large printing establishment. On the west side, north of 4th St., is the Diocesan House of the P. E. Church, a pretty w^hite Gothic building. Near Astor PI. is the Colonnade, an old structure, formerly a collection of residences, in one of which the first John Jacob Astor lived. Opposite it is the building occupied by the Astor Library before it moved to the new building on Fifth Ave. Facing Astor PI. on the north, is Wanamaker's new building ; on the west is the Mercantile Library. This is a pri- vate lilDrary, established in 1820, having a quarter of a million volumes which are loaned to subscribers. Near the subway en- trance is a statue of S. S. Cox, a former Congressman who cham- pioned the letter carriers in their efforts for better working conditions. After his death the letter carriers of the country contributed funds to erect this statue. At Fourth Ave., extending to Third Ave., are two noteworthy buildings. Cooper Union on the south and Bible House on the north. The BIBLE HOUSE, erected by the American Bible Society in 1852, was at that time the largest office building in America. It is now occupied by this society, several missionary societies and other bodies, philanthropic and commercial, also the offices of the Christian Herald. COOPER UXIOX was built by Peter Cooper in 1857, to furnish free education to persons employed during the day. Its scope has been gradually enlarged until to-day full collegiate courses are given in day and evening schools, and there are classes in telegraphy, stenography and art (drawing, painting, modelling, wood-carving, etc.). All classes are free, but when the number of applicants for admission exceeds the capacity of the classes, special classes are formed in some of the art branches and a small charge is made. The building has a large lecture hall in the basement, where free lectures are given almost nightly during the wnnter months. A free library, with 55,000 volumes, Kiiii^'s HcKc to Sec Xcic York. 91 COOPER UNION. occupies an upper floor. It contains a complete set of Patent Office reports, and there are about 450 newspapers on file. The reading-room is open from 8 A. M. to 10 P. M. and is generally crowded in the evening. It is well worth a visit. In the little triangle south of the building stands a statue of Peter Cooper, erected from funds contributed by students of the schools. The Abram Hewitt Memorial Annex to the school was recently erected on the block on Third Ave. from 6th to 7th St., on the site of Tompkins Market, once the armory of the Seventh Regi- ment. Just -in the rear, on 7th St., is the Church of St. George, the only Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church in New York; it has 7,000 members. A branch of the Salvation Army is on Cooper Square, as the space south of Cooper Union is called. Near the junction of Stuyvesant and 9th Sts., just east of Third Ave., is the Hebrew Technical Institute, a free, non-secta- rian technical school for boys, with night classes for day workers. Visitors are welcome. At 11th St. and Third Ave. is the Chil- dren's Court, a branch of the Court of Special Sessions, in which malefactors under 16 years of age are tried. These trials are interesting studies for the sociologist. A marble front building on Fourth Ave., facing 11th St., is the Grace Church Nursery, and just below is the Choir School where the choir boys live; they come from all over the country and sing in the church in 92 King's Hozv to See Nezv York. exchange for their board, schooHng, etc. At 12th St. and Third Ave. is the Trow printing establishment, where the city directo- ries are printed. A bronze plate on the house on the northeast corner of 13th St. indicates the site of Gov. Stuyvesant's famous pear-tree. We go east on 13th St., passing on the corner of Second Ave. the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, organized in 1820. Just beyond First Ave. there is an elaborate structure ex- tending to 14th St, the Grace Church Settlement. It includes a hospital, homes for old men, old women and children, a kinder- garten, cooking-school, gymnasium, clubs and classes. Going down First Ave. to 12th St., the way is Tmed with push carts and vendor wagons. This is locally called "Paddy's Mar- ket." Twelfth St., in the vicinity of First Ave., the heart of an Italian colony, is notorious for the many bomb outrages perpe- trated by the Black Hand, a collection of Italian blackmailers. Going west on 12th St. to Second Ave., we pass the Elizabeth Home for Girls and come to a section which a generation ago was a fashionable quarter of the city, and only recently was the Keteltas Mansion, corner St. Mark's PI. (8th St.), the last of the famous mansions deserted. Between 13th and 12th Sts. is the People's Hospital, a small non-sectarian institution supported almost wholly by Jews. On the block between 12th and 11th Sts. is St. Mark's Hospital. Cor- ner 11th St. is the old home of the N. Y. Historical Society, now a home for boys. Adjoining it is the Second Ave. Baptist Church, famous for its missionary work. Opposite this is St. Mark's P. E. Church, one of the historical churches of the city. It is on the site of the chapel erected by Gov. Stuyvesant near his house on bis farm. The land was given by one of his descendants to the P. E. Church, and a new church edifice was erected here in 1799. The Governor's body lies in a vault under the tablet in the east wall of the church. The churchyard contains the vaults of many eminent New York families. About in the center of the church- yard is the vault from which the body of A. T. Stewart, the millionaire merchant, was stolen on October 7, 1878. Just below 10th St. is the granite front of the Cafe Boulevard, a famous east side restaurant. The building itself was one of the largest of the fashionable mansions. Near 9th St. is the German Poli- klinik. Near St. Mark's PI. is the House of the Holy Family, a reformatorv for girls; visitors not admitted. Just below 7th St. is the :\Iiddle Collegiate Reformed Church, the successor of the jMiddle Dutch Church, one of the churches originating from the first church community, organized in 1628. Around the corner, on 6th St., to the east, is a Hebrew Neighborhood House, and King's Hoiv to See Nezv York. 93 just beyond is St. Mark's Lutheran Church. It was on the excur- sion of the Sunday-school of this church that the steamboat "General Slocum" took fire and about 1,000 persons, mostly women and children, were killed in June, 1904. From Ave. A to Ave. B from 7th to 10th St. is Tompkins Sq., a park of 10^ acres, planned on the city map of 18U and purchased in 1834 for $93,350. The whole vicinity a generation ago was a German colonv, popularlv called '"Klein-Deutschland" (Little Germany). On Ave. B and' 8th St. is St. Brigid R. C. Church, once almost exclusively Irish, now mainly Italian. On the opposite corner is the Children's Aid Society. In no section of the city has the character of population changed so completely in one generation as in the section surrounding this park. A few of the old German establishments are still found on lower Ave. A and in the side streets, but the Hungarian Jew predominates. Going down Ave. B to 3d St., and west, we pass the R. C. Church of the Most Holy Redeemer, and on 2d St.. west of Ave. A, is St. Nicholas R. C. Church, organized in 1833, the first German R. C. Church in the city. Nearly opposite the church, facing on 2d St., is Har Moriah Hospital. On the block between First and Second Ave. is the Marble Cemetery. President Monroe was buried here before the removal of his body to Virginia. Adjoining is the La Salle Academv, and opposite is the Olivet Memorial Church. At the corner of Second Ave. is the New Kessler Theatre, a Jewish play- house. Going through 1st St. to the Bowery, a block which but a few years ago was one of the vilest in the city but now entirely cleared, a short block south is Houston St. and the "L" station, WEST OF BROADWAY.— ROUTE. Bleecker St. Station, Sixth Ave. "L," Bleecker St., Grove to Christopher. Green- wich Ave., Jackson Sq., Eighth Ave., I2th St., West St., I4ih St., University PL, 8th St. to Subzmy. THIS was the old village of Greenwich which, while never a separate community politically, had distinctive characteristics. It was known as the American Ward, most of its residents being descendants of the early stock who settled here in the beginning of the 19th century. Business is now converting this into a com- mercial district. The chief interest in this section lies in its local historical associations. Proceeding up Bleecker St., through what was once a fashionable American and later the French quarter, we pass Mills Hotel No. 1, from Thompson to Sullivan St. These hotels are philanthropic institutions but not charities, and while erected to be simply self-supporting their popularity has made them prohtable. They 94 King's Hon' to See New York. furnish the usual hotel accommodations to men who can pay only 25 to 35 cts. a day for meals and lodging. Where BleeckeV St. turns northward, is the R. C. Church of Madonna of Pompeii. Thomas Paine lived at No. 293, and died in a house near the cor- ner of Grove St., where we turn east to Christopher, one of the old village streets which still has a few of the old houses. Where the streets come together there is a small triangle called Chris- topher St. Park. At Waverly PL is the Northern Dispensary, which has been here since 1828, and on the northeast is the Switzer Institute and Home for Girls. Christopher St. begins at Greenwich Ave., where that thor- oughfare joins Sixth Ave. At the junction is Jefferson Market, the only public market left which is not on a water front. Ad- joining the market building is the Jefferson Market Court House, a notable red brick building, with a circular tower surmounted by a pyramidal top. One of the night courts is held here. These courts were established to give speedy trial to persons arrested after the usual court hours. The Waverly, at No. 38 W. 10th St., is a probationary home to which fallen women are sometimes com- mitted. Greenwich Ave. is an anti-revolutionary thoroughfare, being part of the inland road to Greenwich. After the British landed at Kips Bay (E. 35th St,), Manhattan, after the Battle of Long Island, the Americans in the lower part of the city went up this road to Greenwich and then along roads from Greenwich to the upper part of the island. Greenwich Ave. now ends at Jack- son Sq., which was the village green a century ago. At 11th St. is St. Vincent's Hospital. Here Seventh Ave. begins. At 245 W. 13th St. is the Florence Crittenton Mission for fallen women, and nearer the corner a branch library. Here is Jackson Sq., which we cross and go down Eighth Ave., reaching Abingdon Sq. at 12th St. This was a fashionable section, almost exclusively American, about 1850, and some of the fashionable houses of that period are still standing on the north and east sides of the square. At the southwest corner of 12th St. is Trowmart Inn, a hotel for women, corresponding to the Mills Hotels for men. We go through W. 12th St. to West St., where are more great piers. The large building on the block below is the Western Electric Company. Turning north on West St., we pass the build- ing of the American Seamen's Friends Society, presented by Mrs. Russell Sage. This society was founded in 1842, at No. 190 Cherry St. At Gansevoort St. are two markets, the West Washing- ton Market for meat and live poultry, on the west, and the Farm- ers' Market, an open space for farmers' wagons, on the east of West St. The time to see the activity of the Farmers' Market is King's Hoiv to See Keiv York. 95 7 A. M. Bv 10 or 11 o'clock the business is over, and the farmers who have disposed of their stock depart, while the others cover their wagons and await more customers the next morning. At the southwest corner of this open space is one of the high-pres- sure pumping stations of the Fire Department, where electrically driven pump's supply water through special mains at such pressure that fire engines are unnecessary. This station is equipped to take salt water from the river if desired. On the river back of the market is a fire-boat station. At the foot of Little W. 12th St. is the beginning of the Chelsea Piers, described in the next chapter. We go two blocks north to 14th St., then eastward. At Eighth Ave. is the New York Savings Bank, on the north, and the New York County National Bank on the southwest corner. On the block between Seventh and Sixth Ave. is the American Head- quarters of the Salvation Army, occupying a large building at No. 120 and the adjoining old :\Iaxwell Mansion. Opposite is the Armory of the Ninth Coast Artillery, and next door is the 14th St. Theatre, which was opened as a French Theatre i" .1/^69 It is now used for photoplays. The block from Sixth to Fifth Ave. was famous for its department stores a generation ago. At the Sixth Ave. corner R. H. Macy introduced the department-store idea about 50 years ago. On this corner is now the 14th St. Store, one of the largest in the city. On the same block is Hearn's, an old-time establishment. On the opposite side of the street is the Bu- chanan ^Mansion, with grounds ex- tending to 15th St. The large brick building, which can be seen beyond the grounds,' is the New York Hos- pital. At University PI. we reach Union Sq. Going south on Univer- sity PI., we pass, at 12th St., the N. Y. Society Library, established in 1754. It is a" private library of over 100,000 volumes, free for reference. At Uth St. is the Hotel Albert, at 10th St. is the University PI. Presbyterian Church, established 1845, and at 9th St. the Lafayette, a French hotel. Turn east on Eighth St. to the sub- way at Astor PI. LINCOLN M()Nr.Mi:NT 14tk to 23(1 Street EAST OF BROADWAY.— ROUTE. Fourteenth St. Subway, 13th St., Irving PL, 20th St. (Gramercy Park), Fourth Ave., 23d St., Second Ave., 14th St., Fourth Ave., Subzvay. ON the south corner of Fourth Ave. and 15th St. is the Union Sq. Hotel and on the north corner the Union Sq. Savings Bank, formerh^ the Institution for the Savings of Merchants' Clerks. One block east of Fourth Ave. is Irving PI., a once fash- ionable thoroughfare which immense loft buildings are converting into a business street. At the corner of 15th St. is the Irving PI. Theatre, the chief German playhouse in the city. On the opposite corner the Consolidated Gas Company is erecting a 13-story build- ing. The lower part of the central structure is an old 7-story building, which the architects have been able to incorporate into the main structure by building on both sides, behind and above the other. The portion above the old structure is built upon 40-ton girders, supported at the ends by the sides of the new building, thereby relieving the old building of the weight of the super- structure. The Nemo Corset Building is on the southwest corner of 16th St., and the Borgfeldt Building on the northwest. The east side of the block, from 16th to 17th St., is taken up by the WASHINGTON IRVING HIGH SCHOOL, one of the two high schools for girls in Manhattan. The 8-story buildnig houses over 5,000 students and is in size and equipment unsur- passed among the public schools of the city or country. At the southwest corner of 17th St. is the quaint old residence once occu- pied by Washington Irving and his nephew, and at 18th St. is Hu3der's candy factory. Irving PI. ends at 20th St. Here is Gramercy Park, of 1^/2 acres, set aside by S. B. Ruggles, one time owner of the land, for the use of the surrounding tenants. It is not open to the public. On 20th St., a few feet east of Irving PI., is the Orthodox Friends' Meeting-house. Next door is the office of the Commis- sioner of Correction, where passes can be obtained to visit the correctional institutions maintained by the city. On the east side of the park is the Gramercy Park Building, one of the finest apart- ment houses in this part of the city. On the north and west side of the park are several mansions, formerly residences of famous New Yorkers, including David Dudley Field, Cyrus W. Field, William Steinway, Nicholas Fish, John Bigelow, Peter Cooper, 96 Kinii's How to See Nczv York. 97 UNION SQUARE AND FOI'HTII AVE. Abram S. Hewitt, etc. The house of the latter, at the corner of 21st St. and Lexington Ave., is occupied by the Princeton Club. On 20th St., west of Irving PI., are three prominent clubs, the Co- lumbia University Club at No. 18, Players at No. 16 and National Arts Club at No. 14 Gramercy Park. The Players is a theatrical organization, founded 18S7. The building was presented to the club by Ed\vin Booth, who reserved some rooms as his living apartments and died there. At Fourth -Ave. and 20th St. is All Souls' Unitarian Church, organized in 1819 and erected here in 1855. William CuUen Bry- ant, Peter Cooper and Joseph H. Choate worshiped here. Fourth Ave. is now in a transitory stage, this old residence street being rapidly converted into a commercial thoroughfare, with immense loft and office buildings on the sites of famous hotels and residences. The Clarendon Building replaced the Hotel Clarendon, southwest cor- ner of 18th St., the stopping-place of the Prince of Wales, later King Edward VH. of England, when he visited New York m 1860. Turning north, at 21st St., is Calvary Episcopal Church. At 22d St. is a group of prominent buildings. On the southeast cor- ner is the Church Missionary Society Building, occupied almost exclusively by religious bodies. At the northeast corner is the 98 King's Hozv to See New York. Charities Building, presented by Kennedy to the Charity Organi- zation Society and the Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor. At the southwest corner is the low white marble building of the Bank for Savings, the first savings bank in New York City. On the northwest corner is a loft building. Adjoin- ing this, on the site of the Y. M. C. A. Building, is a 12-story building occupied principally by book concerns. Adjoining the Charities Building, is the building of the Society for the Pre- vention of Cruelty to Children, with dormitories on the upper floors for neglected children. The north side of 23d St., from Fourth to Madison Ave., is occupied by the Metropolitan Life Insurance Building. At Lex- ington Ave. is the old red brick building occupied by the College of the City of New York from 1848 to 1905. At the northeast corner of Third Ave. is the N. Y. Ophthalmic Hospital for Treat- ment of the Eye, Ear and Throat, and adjoining it is the N. Y. College of Dentistry. On the same block is P. S. 47, for the deaf. Corner Second Ave. is Demilt Dispensary, founded in 1851. Going southward on Second Ave., we again pass through an old residential section which is rapidly degenerating. Just below 22d St. is the R. C. Church of the Epiphany, with its school on 22d St. At 21st St. is the building of the UNITED HEBREW CHARITIES. The Jews of New York look after their poor, orphans, sick, aged and dead, and their philanthropic institutions and organizations are so numerous and so varied in their scope and activities as to entirely relieve the community from the care of any class of needy of that faith. The United Hebrew Charities co-operates with various sisterhoods, relief societies, orphan asy- lums, etc. Other organizations look after the sick, the immi- grants and victims of persecution in other countries. There are six large hospitals, four homes for the aged, several for children, a home for working girls, one society looks after the deaf, another has a free employment bureau for the handicapped, several aid those who wish to follow agriculture. There are free loan associations, free burial associations, societies to aid the Jewish prisoner, the wid- owed mother, the mother and child needing a vacation. A worthy Jewish philanthropy which deserves to be copied is the National Desertion Bureau. It acts as a legal advisor to all Jewish chari- table organizations in the L^'^nited States in matters relating to desertion, divorce and marital relations generally. Many of the Jewish philanthropies are unsectarian. No one factor has done more to dispel race prejudice toward the Jews than their willing- ness to open their philanthropic institutions to Jew and Gentile alike. Their great technical schools and five hospitals, including ^It. Kind's Hoiv to See Nezv York. 99 Sinai and Lebanon in the Bronx, the Jewish Hospital in Brooklyn and the Montefiore Home for Chronic Invalids, are non-sectarian, although supported almost excUisivelv by Jews. At 20th St. is the famous Post-Graduate Medical School and Hos- pital, and opposite the school, just east of Second Ave., is the Fahne- stock Training School for Nurses, with P. S. 40 just beyond. West of Second Ave. is the small Columbus Hospital, in charge of the Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, and patronized almost exclusively by Italians. At 19th St. is the N. Y. Skin and Cancer Hospital, one of the largest hospitals for these diseases in the United States. The block from 18th to 17th St. is occupied by the Lying-in Hospital, organized in 1798. This building, erected and fitted up at an expense of nearly $1,000,000, which was defrayed by the late J. P. Morgan, is the largest and best-equipped institu- tion of its kind in the world. The hospital has 176 beds and cares for over 13,000 patients in the hospital and a larger number of outside cases annually. Stuyvesant Sq., which is divided into two parks by Second Ave., was presented to the city in 1836 by a descendant of the last Dutch Governor. It was formerly surrounded by residences of the old Dutch and English families, including the Stuyvesants, Rutherfords, Fishes, Everts, etc. A few of these old families are still found in the vicinity, but most of the houses are being con- verted for commercial or cheap residence purposes or removed. At the west side of the park, at the corner of 16th St. and Ruther- ford PI, is St. George's P. E. Church, from which the late J. P. Morgan was buried. The block from 15th to 16th St. and Ruther- ford PI. contains the Friends' Meeting-house and school. This sect w^as organized in 1696. On the south side of 15th St., opposite the meeting-house, is the German Masonic Temple. On the east side of the park is the Association for the Aid of Crippled Chil- dren, near 15th St., and on the corner the New York Infirmary for Women and Children. Just east is the Stuyvesant High School for boys, with room for 2,300 students. In addition to the aca- demic work, there are shops for technical classes. On 15th St., west of Livingston PL, is the home of the Nursing Sisters of the Poor. Corner of Second Ave. is the Hebrew Technical Institute for Girls, a splendid philanthropic institution, well worth a visit. Just south is the Little Mothers' Aid Association, and on the cor- ner of 14th St. is the Labor Temple, formerly a Baptist church, which has been converted into a public meeting-hall where social, political and economic questions are publicly discussed. Admis- sion is free, and any one may take part in a discussion. Just west of Third Ave. is TAMMANY HALL, the home of ; i^^u ::^mr*: 1^ i 100 STEIXWAY HALL. 109 East 14:.;b St.. near 4th Ave. Ki)ig's How to Sec Xczu York. 101 the famous political organization. The political party known as Tammany Hall is really the very big- tail wagged by a very sm.all dog. In 1789 the Columbian Order was organized to counteract the influence of the aristocratic Order of the Cincinnati. The Colum- bian Order took the name of a famous Indian Chief Tammany and in its ceremonies followed Indian rites ; its officers received Indian titles and the ordinary members were called braves. It was nominally a beneficial order, but it soon began to meddle in politics and built up a political organization so perfect that even the occasional overwhelming defeat of the party at the polls did not disturb it. In the Tammany Hall Building is the Olympic Theatre, a burlesque house. Sharkey's saloon opposite, run by the prize fighter, is a resort for east side sports. Adjoining it, at the corner of Irving PI., is the Academy of Music, the most famous opera house in America before the Metropolitan was opened in 1883. It was first opened in 18r)4. burnt in 1866 and opened again two years later. It now gives stock company plays. At Xo. 109 E. 14th St., near the corner of Fourth Ave., is STEIN WAY HALL, the warehouse, salesrooms and general offices of the piano firm of Steinway & Sons. The white marble building was erected in 1866 and, until the early '90s, was the most famous concert hall in America. Every famous musical artist, instrumental and vocal, every popular conductor and every prominent musical organization that appeared in New York dur- ing that quarter of a century, appeared in Steinway Hall. Little can be added to what is already known of the house of Steinway & Sons, the best-known firm of piano manufacturers in the world. Nearly opposite Steinway Hall is Liichow's Restaurant, a popu- lar German resort. On the same side of the street are several amusement places, including the City Theatre, with a seating capacity of 3,000. On the corner of Fourth Ave. is the German Savings Bank, and on the northeast corner two ordinary saloons, facing each other, each occupying a triangle plot, one facing the avenue, the other the street. Here is the subway. JVEST OF FIFTH AVE.— ROUTE. Fourteenth St. Subzcay Station to 15th St., to Fifth Ave., to i6th St., to Eleventh] Ave., to 20th St., to Tenth Ave., to 23d St., to Sixth Ave., to iSth St. Elevated Station. ^HIS is a retail trade section about Sixth Ave., and part of the I old Greenwich residence section. On 14th St. and Union Sq. we pass Keith's Theatre. On 15th St.. east of Fifth Ave., at No. 7, is the Central Branch of the Young Women's Christian Association, with the Margaret Louisa Home directly in the rear, facing on 102 King's Hozv to See New York. 16th St. The scope of the work of the Y. W. C. A. is similar to that of the Y. ]\I. C. A., and it has in addition a home for friend- less girls. Turn north on Fifth Ave. and west on 16th St. The NEW YORK HOSPITAL, just west of the avenue, going through to 15th St., is the oldest hospital in New York, char- tered in 1771. Before this time the homeless ill were taken to the sick ward of the almshouse. The hospital originally occupied a building facing Broadway opposite the head of Pearl St. and moved to the present building in 1877. A branch called the House of Relief is on Hudson St., corner Jay St., and a branch for in- sane is the well-known Bloomingdale Asylum, near White Plains, N. Y. A Training School for Nurses adjoins the main building. Near 6th Ave. is St. Francis Xavier College, adjoining St. Francis Xavier R. C. Church, one of the most beautiful Catholic churches in the city. The small building at No. 27 is a sub-sta- tion of the Edison Company. At the corner of Sixth Ave. is the Greenwich Savings Bank. At No. 120 is the N. Y. House and School of Industry. West of Seventh Ave., at No. 208, is the Sisters of Charity, St. Joseph's Home for the Aged. Passing CHELSEA 1'1I:KS. Ninth Ave., a block below may be seen the immense works of the National Biscuit Company, extending to Tenth Ave, and a great addition covering the entire block from Tenth to Eleventh Ave. At the foot of the street and extending for nearly a quarter of a mile in each direction are the CHELSEA PIERS, nine granite steamship piers erected by the city in 1902 to 1907 at a cost of $15,000,000. Each pier is 125 ft. wide and from 800 to 853 ft. long, with 250 ft. width of water between them. The Cunard Line occupies the southerly ones, Nos. 53, 54 and 56, the French Line No. 57, the Atlantic Transport No. 58, White Star Nos. 59 and King's Hozv to Sec Xcw York. 103 no. Red Star No. 61 and the American Line No. 62. Beyond is the open square at the foot of 23d St., with the ferries of the Central Railroad of New Jersey, Delaware, Lackawanna & West- ern and Erie Railroads on the west. We turn in at 20th St., passing Chelsea Sq. between Ninth and Tenth Aves. This square was given to the General Theologi- cal Seminary in 1822 by Clement C. Moore, son of Bishop Benja- min Moore and author of the famous little poem, "The Night Before Christmas." We turn north at Tenth Ave. to 23d St. At 436 W. 22d St., east of Tenth Ave., is the house occupied by Edwin Forrest. The north side of 23d St., from Tenth to Ninth Ave., is occupied by a row of pillared buildings, which at the time of their erection, in 1845, were considered the finest residences in the city. After nearly 70 years they still present an air of refinement, though most of them are now tenements or boarding- houses. There are a number of quiet, small hotels or board- ing-houses on the south side of the street from Eighth to Tenth Ave., in buildings that a generation ago were fashionable resi- dences. The small building behind an iron fence on the north, side, east of Ninth Ave., now occupied by the Pasteur Institute,, was erected by Col. James Fisk for Josie Mansfield. The murder of Col. Fisk by his business partner, Edward S. Stokes, on account of this woman in January, 1872, and the three trials of Stokes formed the most notable criminal case in American history. At the northwest corner of Eighth Ave. is the marble front Grand Opera House, opened 1868 as Pike's Opera House, It was then the most beautiful theatre in the city, and its lobby is still one of the finest theatre lobbies in the country. The building was owned by Colonel Fisk and Jay Gould, who had the offices of the Erie Railroad on the upper floors during tlie period that they succeeded in so demoralizing that road that it never recov- ered its prestige. The theatre is now a popular-price house, the plays being those that have run their course in the high-priced houses. At No. 234 is the Jersev Cattle Club. On 23d St., west of Seventh Ave., is the 23d St. branch of the Y. AI. C. A. It also contains the offices of city and State executives of the association. Next is a branch of the New York Public Library and opposite is the Chelsea Hotel. Between Seventh and Sixth Aves. is Proctor's 23d St. Thea- tre, and just beyond St. Vincent de Paul R. C. Church. Nearly opposite Proctor's Theatre, at No. 146, is J. A. Sierra's art and picture store. All of King's publications, as well as a full line of souvenirs, postals, engravings, lithographs and other pictures can be obtained here. Cameras and camera supplies are kept on hand. 104 Kifig's Hozc to See Nezv York. and cameras are rented out for any length of time. Visitors are welcome to inspect his stock. The building 111-113 W. 23d St. was opened in 1870 with Bryant's Minstrels on the ground floor. In 1874, Koster & Bial took charge of it, and for nearly 20 years Koster & Rial's ^lusic Hall was the most popular amusement resort in New York. Among those who appeared here were Carmencita, Otero, ]\Iadge Lessing, ]\larie Lloyd. At the northeast corner of Sixth Ave. is the new Masonic Temple, on the site of the old Masonic Temple. Some of the chambers on the upper floors are sumptuously fitted up, especially the Commandery and other higher degree rooms. Just beyond is the Eden 3*Iusee, with a collection of wax figures, one of the remarkable exhibitions in the city. The southeast corner is the site of Booth's Theatre, opened in 1869 and closed in 1880, when the upward march of theatricals left it out of the theatre district. All of the fine department stores which were on this street a few years ago have moved to new quarters further uptown, McCreery's, formerly on the southeast corner, being the last to leave. Turning south along Sixth Ave., we are in the heart of the lower shopping district. On the west side of the avenue, from 20th to 22d St., are the two large buildings of the O'Xeill-Adams Company, formed by the consolidation of the two department store concerns. The next block is occupied, on the west side, by Simpson-Crawford Company, another large department store, and on the east side by Cammeyer's, at 20th St., and Alexander's, at 19th St., two of the largest retail shoe stores in the city. On the northeast corner of 20th St. is the P. E. Church of the Holy Communion, organized in 1867. It has 800 members. The block from 18th to 19th St., both sides, is occupied by the Greenhut-Siegel Cooper Company, another of the great depart- ment-store concerns. Opposite this store, on 18th St., east of Sixth Ave., is the main oflice building and premium station of the United Cigar Stores. This part of Sixth Ave. is filled with department stores, dry goods stores, clothing stores and other retail establishments. The Greenhut Company operates a free 'bus line for customers between their stores and the Broadway, Fourth Ave. and Third Ave. surface lines and the subway. Opposite 18th St. "L" station, on the west side of Sixth Ave., is W. T. GRANT COMPANY'S 25C. DEPARTMENT STORE, the first and only store of its kind in New York — bright, orange- colored front. This store has 27 different departments, with no article selling for more than 25c. W. T. Grant Company's stores are located throughout the country. 23(1 to 34tk Street EAST OF FIFTH AJ^E.—RGi'TF. Ticciity-tliird St. Subzi'ay Station, Fourth Ave., 24th St., Madison Ave, 34th St., Lex- ington Ave, 28th St., First Ave., 24th St.. Fourth Ave. to 23d St. Subzcay Statio>i. FOURTH Ave., north of 23cl St., is fast becoming a street of high office and loft buildings, and lower Madison Ave. is just beginning to undergo a similar transformation. Going up Fourth Ave., we pass the rear of the METRO- POLITAN LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING, and at the south- cast corner of 24th St. the Ashland Building, on the site of the famous Ashland Hotel. The many large buildings seen north- ward on Fourth Ave. are loft buildings, all erected since 1909. Going west on 24th St., we pass the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company's Annex, containing its printing offices and other offices. An interesting view of the pressroom may be had through the large windows on the street level. The size of this room, which is devoted exclusively to the printing required by the great m- surance concern, is a good illustration of its magnitude. On the south side of the street, occupying the entire block, is the side of the main building. At the Madison Ave. corner we stand under its wonderful tower, the main entrance to the building being on Madison Ave., nearer 23d St. This is one of the most beautiful of the city's great buildmgs. It is of carved white marble, most elegantly finished, and one of the most valuable buildings in the world. The main building is 11 stories high, covering the entire block, while the tower is 52 stories, 700 ft.' above the sidewalk and two stories below the street 'level. It measures 75 by 85 ft. at the base. Electric elevators run to the 44th floor of the tower, and a charge ot 50 cts. is made for admission to the observation gallery, which is at the 45th floor. The view from this point is well worth the charge, for on a fair dav one can see 20 miles in all directions. To the north and northeast stretch the Hudson and East Rivers, and between them Alanhattan Island, with the roofs of many office buildings in the foreground and a little further away the trees of Central Park. To the east lies Long Island, and beyond it the ocean, while to the southeast, across Brooklyn, can be seen the towers of Coney Island. South is the towering mass of skvscrapers. and bevoncl them the bay, with the hills of Staten Island in the distance. To the southwest stands Liberty, while 105 Parkhurst's Church Annex Main Building 23d St. METKOPOLITAN LIFE INSUKANCE COMPANY BUILDING 106 Madison to Fourtla Ave., 2.3a to 24th St. King's How to See Nezv York. 107 west is the Hudson River, lined on both sides with great piers, and across the river is New Jersey and the Orange Mountains on the horizon. From no otlier point can so good an idea of the geography and general layout of the city and its surround- ings be had. Entering the building at the main entrance, No. 1 Madison x\ve., we see the beautifully carved marble foyer with the grand staircase leading from the center to the second floor, where are the offices of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, the greatest industrial insurance corporation. Organized in 1868, it has grown to its present greatness under the able presidency of John R. Hegeman. Back of the stairway and extending to Fourth Ave. is an arcade lined with shops, those on the south side extending to 23d St. One of the first stores is the YAXSS OPTICAL COM- PANY, with an entrance on 3 E. 23d St. This concern makes a specialty of eyeglasses and spectacles to the exclusion of side lines, and hence gives unexcelled service. At arcade store No. 12 is the "WATCH SHOP," where all kinds of fine watches and jewelry are sold and repaired. Mr. R. Klockgiesser, the proprietor, is a native of Switzerland, which is famous for its watches, and as he is an expert watchmaker, having learned the trade in his youth, any work left with him will be well done. On the north corner of 24th St. is the Madison Ave. Presby- terian Church, made famous by the pastorate of Dr. Parkhurst. The present structure, which was one of the last designed by Stanford White, was built in 1906, to take the place of one which stood on the corner now occupied by the Metropolitan Tower. Adjoining are three tall business buildings. On the 2r)th St. corner is the Court House of the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court. The building is rich in marbles, sculptured decorations, mural paintings and stained glass. The court room when court is in session is extremely impressive. On the southeast corner of 26th St. is the Manhattan Club, the leading Democratic club, and on the northwest corner is the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. At the northeast corner is MADISON SQUARE GARDEN, one of the largest amusement halls in America. Erected in 1890 at a cost of $3,000,000, it contains the largest amphitheatre in America, 300 by 200 ft. and 80 ft. high, with the arena 268 by 122 ft. The tower, surmounted by the gilt figure of Diana which acts as a weather vane, is 356 ft. high. The amphitheatre has a seating capacity of about 6,000, and on occasions where the arena 108 King's Hozv to See Nezv York. can be used by the audience standino;. from 12,000 to 15,000 can be crowded into the building. Here is held the Horse Show, the Circus and many other exhibitions and meetings. A loft building covers the site of the w^orkshop of John Stephanson, the street-car builder, on 27th St., just east of }^Iadi- son Ave. Adjoining it is the P. E. French church, Du St. Esprit, organized as the Huguenot church in 1628. West of ]\Iadison Ave. is the Broztell, a quiet, first-class hotel. On 28th St., w^est of Madison Ave., are the Prince George and Latham Hotels. At the southeast corner of 29th St. is the new 17-story Emmet Build- ing, an ofiice and loft building on the site of the residence of Dr. Thomas Addis Emmet, a grandson of the Irish patriot, Thomas Addis Emmet, the brother of Robert Emmet, who lives on the 17th floor. Op- posite is the Hotel Seville. . The HO- TEL DEAR- TH A WASH- LXGTOX for women exclu- sively is on E. 29th St., near ]\Iadison Ave. It is a well- appointed 12- story struc- ture, strictly fire-proof and convenient to all transporta- tion lines, theatres and shopping dis- trict, it con- tains 450 rooms, single and en suite, and is equipped with every fa- cility for the comfort of its g u e s ts. The HOTEL MARTHA WASHINGTON. The Woi Hotel, r e s t au rant King's How to See A t^zc York. 109 and tea room, both of which are located on the main floor of the building, are open to gentlemen as well as ladies. The cuisine is excellent. Near Fifth Ave. is the P. E. Church of the Transfiguration, the famous "Little Church Around the Corner."' The church on Madison Ave. and its rector who refused Mr. Joseph Jefferson's request to conduct the funeral services over George Holland, the aged actor, are gone and forgotten. The "Little Church Around the Corner," to which the rector sent Mr. Jefferson, and the mem- orv of its rector. Rev. Dr. Houghton, will never be forgotten by the dramatic profession. The building, a quaint, low Gothic "LITTLE CIILKili .UajUXD THE CORNER." structure, with a bit of greensward and a lych gate in front, is well worth seeing. On Madison Ave., just above 30th St., is the Colony Club, a fashionable club for women. The building, of red brick with white trimming, follow^s the Colonial style of archi- tecture. At 31st St. is the :\Iadison Ave. Baptist Church. On 32d St.. east of :\Lidison Ave., at No. 29, is the Grolier Club, an art association specializing in books. ^ladison Ave. and 34th St. was. even 10 years ago, the center of a fashionable residential section. The Cameron Building, at the northeast corner, was the first to break down by law the build- ing restriction which prevented the erection of commercial build- ings on ^Madison Ave. north of 34th St., and it is probable that other property owners in this vicinity will erect skyscrapers on the site of present residences. On 34th St., west of ]\Iadison Ave., is the marble front building of Altman's department store. Going eastward on 34th St., the Unitarian Church of the Messiah 110 King's Hozv to See New York. is at the corner of Park (Fourth) Ave. On the southwest cor- ner, extending to 33d St., is the new ultra-fashionable Vanderbilt Hotel. On the block below, Fourth Ave., 32d to 33d St., is the Park Ave. Hotel. The building was erected by A. T. Stewart as a home for working women, but the rates were so high that working women could not afford to stop there, and it was con- verted into a first-class hotel. It has a very attractive interior court. On the southeast corner of 34th St. and Park Ave. is the Armory of the 71st Regiment and the First Signal Corps, also headquarters of the First Brigade, N. G., N. Y. The tower is for signaling purposes. (The National Guard in New York City consists of 7 regiments of Infantry, 1 regiment Engineers, 10 bat- teries Field Artillery, 1 Coast Artillery Corps divided into 3 districts, 11 troops of Cavalry, 2 companies of Signal Corps, 1 Field Hospital and 1 Ambulance Company, the whole numbering 627 officers and over 10,000 men.) We go east to Lexington Ave., then south. At 30th St. is the building of the School of Applied Design for Women and on the southwest corner the First Moravian Church, established 1748. No. 123 Lexington Ave. is a brownstone house, the ground floor of which was recently altered. In the parlor of this house President Chester A. Arthur took the oath of office as President of the United States on September 19, 1881, upon the death of President Garfield. The house at the northeast corner of 28th St., formerly the residence of William R. Hearst, is on the site of the residence of Gen. Horatio Gates, who died here in April, 1806. It was purchased in 1913 by W. C. Reeves & Co., one of the lar- gest and most successful operators in suburban real estate. They have remodeled it and have their offices on the second floor. They cater chiefly to workingmen, selling on easy terms and financing home building. They also sell investment properties around New York. At 26th St. is the Armory of the 69th Regiment, composed almost exclusively of Irishmen, with a fine war record. Going east on 28th St., we pass St. Stephen's R. C. Church and school. , At First Ave. is BELLEVUE HOSPITAL, the great public hospital of the city, extending from 29th to 26th St. and to the river, covering over 11^ acres. The central portion of the old building, facing 27th St., was opened as the Almshouse in 1816, and has been used as a hospital since 1826, but is now to be torn down to make room for the new buildings as soon as accom- modations are provided for its patients. The new buildings, as at present planned, will constitute one of the most complete hos- pitals. There will be 12 ward pavilions, each seven stories high, with the exception of the central section, which will be nine King's Ilozv to See Nezv York. Ill stories high; the two additional stories will be used as the chil- dren's section. On the roof of each ward pavilion will be an open-air ward planned for use in all seasons. All wards are ex- posed on three sides, and each has large balcony space directly accessible from the ward. The basement will contain storage- rooms, mechanical plants and corridors for general traffic of the hospital. In addition to the usual wards, there will be special preparation for the treatment of criminal, psychopathic and alco- holic cases. There will be a special building for isolation cases. In all there will be approximately 2.200 beds. The buildings alreadv erected are the two pavilion buildings facing the river near NEW BELLEVUE HOSPITAL. 2Gth and 29th streets respectively, the boiler-house, laundry build- ing and storage building and the Pathological Department and Male Dormitory Building on 29th St. and First Ave. The sur- gical pavilions are at present in course of erection. The out- patients' department and dormitory for female nurses will be erected on the corner of 26th St. and First Ave. The main visitors' entrance will be in the center between 26th and 29th Sts. on First Ave. The Receiving Department will be on 26th St., near the present main entrance. Adjoining the entrance is now the Mills' Training School for Male Nurses and directly opposite is the Training School for Female Nurses. Opposite the entrance is Loomis Laboratory of Cornell University, and Hotel Biltmore Bridfe'e uver 4:^1.1 t?t. 'ieruiiual Proper GRAND CENTRAL TERMINAL. New York Central Lines, Park Ave. and 42d St. and 3,000,000 cubic yards of earth and rock were excavated. Ten j'ears were req" 112 Office Buildings Grand Ct^nual Taluce 114 King's Hozc to See Neiv York. next is Osborne Hall. Gouverneur Hospital, at the foot of Gouver- neur St. ; Harlem Hospital, Lenox Ave. between 135th and 136th Sts., and Fordham Hospital, on Southern Boulevard, Bronx, are allied with and under the same control as Bellevue Hospital. There is also a school for the training of midwives. on 2Gth St., east of Third Ave. Adjoining the ^lills' Training School are pavilions A and B of the new Bellevue Hospital next the Morgue, and at the foot of the street is the pier and offices of the Commissioner of Public Charities. If time permits we can get a pass here to visit the city chari- table institutions, comprising the City Hospital and Training School, 'Metropolitan Hospital and Training School for Nurses and the City Home for the Aged and Infirm, all on Blackwell's Island; the Children's Hospital and schools on Randall's Island, the hospitals in Brooklyn, the City Farm Colony and Sea View Hospital, Borough of Richmond, the morgues in all boroughs and the Municipal Lodging House at 432 E. 25th St., Manhattan. This has accommodations for 1,000 homeless men and women, who are given a bed and breakfast for three days. After that, if they have no work or means of support, they are sent to the workhouse as vagrants. On First Ave., between 27th and 28th Sts.. is the Cornell Uni- versitv Medical School, and at the corner of 26th St. and First Ave. IS the N. Y. University and Bellevue Hospital Medical Col- lege, with laboratories on 26th St., east of First Ave. We go down First Ave. to 24th St. At the foot of E. 24th St. is a recreation pier, and adjoining it, at the 23d St. pier, there is usually tied up the floating hotel ship Jacob Stamlers, a philan- thropic project established by John Arbuckle. It is intended for working people, the rate being 50 cts. a day. A smaller vessel accommodates women. Formerly the vessels w^ere towed down the harbor every night and towed back early in the morning; now the vessels are permanently tied up. On 24th St., in the neighborhood of Third Ave., are the horse markets. IVEST OF FIFTH AVE.— ROUTE. Tzventy-third St. Station Sixth Ave. Elevated to 24th St., west to Tenth Ave., 34^!^ St, Eighth Ave., through Pennsylvania Station to Seventh Ave., to 34th St., Astor Court, 33d St., Sixth Ave., 28th St. Station Sixth Ave. Elevated. ON 24th St., just east of Sixth Ave., is the new Masonic Tem- ple, and opposite it several well-known table d'hote restau- rants. West of Seventh Ave., extending through to 25th St., is the 12-story building of the National Cloak and Suit Company, King's How to See Nezv York. 115 the first large manufacturing establishment to introduce fire drills among the employees. Opposite is the 24th St. entrance of the Y. M. C. A. At Xo. 253 is the Jeanne d'Arc Home for French girls, accommodating 125. Between Ninth and Tenth Aves. are the Chelsea Cottages, odd little houses built in 1845. It was supposed that they resembled the houses in Chelsea, London, while the London Terrace behind them, on 23d St., was supposed to be an imitation of a fashionable part of London. Going up Tenth Ave., we pass Alexander Hamilton Park, 27th to 28th Sts., and at 30th St. the early terminal of the Hudson River R. R., which later joined the X. Y. Central R. R., to form the N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R. It is mainly a freight station, though a few pas- senger trains still run from here to Spuyten Duyvil, where they join the main line. On the southeast corner of 33d St. is the terminal of the American Express Company, and on the north- west corner the Hay Exchange. Turning east at 34th St., the new 7-story French Hospital is midwav of the block to Ninth Ave; just beyond is St. Michael's R. C. Church, and on the north side is St. Mary's Free Hospital for Children. The granite building facing Ninth Ave., extend- ing from 33d St. to 34th St., is the N. Y. Institution for the Blind. Children eight years old or over are accepted, instructed and clothed, and remain here until able to earn their livelihood. Grover Cleveland was at one time a teacher in this institution. At 34th St., near Eighth Ave., is the Manhattan Opera House, erected bv Oscar Hammerstein to furnish low-priced yet high- class opera in this city, opened December 3, 1906. His venture was so successful, and it proved so injurious to the high-priced Metropolitan Opera House, that after two years Hammerstein was paid a high price to drop grand opera in New York. On the corner of Eighth Ave. is the West Side Bank. Going down Eighth Ave., there is the new Post Office on the west and the Pennsylvania Station on the east, extending from 31st to 33d St. The new Post Ofiice building, unlike the old building in City Hall Park, is to be used solely for Post Office purposes. It is a marble structure, 375 ft. long and 335 ft.^ wide, bearing across its fagade the legend from Herodotus, "Neither snow% nor rain, nor heat, nor night stays these couriers from the swift completion of their appointed rounds." Cost, $6,250,000. The new Pennsylvania Station has been so often pictured and described that little need be said of it. It is of Travertine stone, 788^ ft. long and 430>^ ft. wide, covering two city blocks. The main concourse is 340 ft. by 210 ft. Length of train platforms, 21,500 ft, with 21 tracks in the station. The building is assessed 116 King's How to See Neiv York. rEXNSYLVANIA STATION. New Post Office in distance. at nearly $20,000,000. The whole work, incltidino- tunnels under the Hudson and East Rivers, cost over $100,000,000. We can enter the station at the middle of the Eighth Ave. front and pass through the train concourse, grand waiting-room and up the steps to the arcade, where are several fine shops. Occupying most of the north side, is the Pennsylvania Station Drug Com- pany. This store is of special interest to tourists and visitors to the city, as it makes a specialty of souvenirs and novelties suitable to carry home as souvenirs from New York and gifts to friends. In fact, such a large portion of the store is given over to this kind of merchandise that many people call it the "gift store. "_ In this store is also the largest and best equipped soda fountain in the city, and special attention is given to cleanliness and the sanitary arrangement. Emerging at Seventh Ave. and 32d St., turning north to 34th St. and eastward, we pass Macy's department store on the north, at the corner of Broadway, and the Herald Sq. Hotel, Savoy Theatre, now a moving-picture house, and Saks' department store, opposite. We cross Broad- way at one of the busiest crossings in the city and pass on the east corners Hotel ^McAlpin, on the south, and the Alarbridge Building, on the north. Adjoining the ]\Iarbridge Building is the Monolith Building, built of reinforced concrete, the whole struc- King's IIozv to See Neiv York. 117 HERALD SQUARE. ture forming a solid block of stone. A few doors east is the new McCreery's department store. Astor Court is a private thorough- fare belonging to the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, but open to the public. This whole section was. a few years ago, a fashionable residential section, but such of the old houses as still remain have been converted to business uses. The house No. 33 W. 33d St., a few feet west of Astor Court, was, until recently, one of the most notorious fashionable gambling houses in the country. Recrossing Broadway at 33d St., we go down Sixth Ave., past Gimbel Brothers' huge department store, from 33d to 32d St. A few years ago this was a disreputable part of the city, with dives and brothels running openly on the avenue and in the side streets. The Cremorne Mission, on 29th St., covers the site of the Cre- morne Gardens, the must gaudv yet vilest resort of its day. The low building at the southeast corner of 29th St. and Sixth Ave. was the Havmarket. a notorious dance hall for oyer 20 years. The section "is now being transformed into a business district. On 28th St., east of Sixth Ave., is the headquarters of the Vol- unteers of America, also the main front of the Fifth Ave. Thea- tre. Just below 28th St.. on Sixth Ave., is Mouqum's Restau- rant, the oldest of the French restaurants. Here is the 28th St. station of the Sixth Ave. Elevated Ime. 34tk to 42a Street EAST OF FIFTH AVE.— ROUTE. Grand Central Subway Station to Madison Ave., to 35th St., north on Park Ave., to Grand Central Station. (Grand Central Station mill be con- sidered in the next chapter.) OPPOSITE Grand Central Station, at the southeast corner of Park Ave., is Grand Union Hotel, a low-priced but popular house. At the southwest corner is the Hotel Belmont, 22 stories, 295 ft. high. Adjoining it on 42d St. is the Lincoln National Bank and Safe Deposit Vaults, and next door is the small Hotel Athens. At the northwest corner of ^Madison Ave. is the Man- hattan Hotel. Opposite, on 42d St., is the new 20-story Madison Ave. Building. Madison Ave., Park Ave. and side streets between 42d and 34th Sts. still contain some residences of famous New Yorkers, but commercial buildings are encroaching from all sides, and Murray Hill, as this section is called, may soon cease to be a fashionable residential locality. Going down Madison Ave., the Aero Club is on the southeast corner of 41st St., and on 41st St. is the Physicians' Building, at No. 40, and the Chemists' Club, at No. 52. On the southwest corner is the Johns-Manville Building, and at No. 15 E. 41st St. is the Political Equality Association. At the northwest corner of 40th St. are the Anderson Galleries. On 39th St., west of Madi- IIS J. P. MORGAN RESIDENCE AND ART GALLERy. King's How to See Nezi; York. 110 son Ave., is the Hotel Touraine. At the northwest corner of 37th St. is the residence of Mrs. Anson Phelps Stokes, on the northeast corner that of Mr. Joseph de la Mar, and on the southeast corner is the brown-stone residence of J. P. Morgan, adjoining a similar building at the ;56th St. corner, which was the residence of his father, the late J. P. Morgan. Adjoining the latter building, on oGth St. is his private marble library and art gallery. On the northeast corner of 3oth St. is the Church of the Incarnation, and on the southeast corner was the residence of the late Morris K. Jessup, formerly president of the Museum of Natural History. We turn east at 35th St. At the southeast corner of Lexing- ton Ave. is the magnificent new fireproof building of the PACK- ARD COM- MERCIAL SCHOOL, accommodat- ing over 600 students and one of the architectural ornaments of New York. This building i s absolutely modern and up to date, and contains eve- ry device for the safety, health and comfort of its students. Founded in 1858 by S. S. Packard, it is now the lead- ing institution of its kind in X e w York City. The in- struction i s largely indi- vidual, and PACKARD COMMERCIAL SCHOOL. its courses of Lexington Ave. and 35tli St. 120 King's How to See Nezc York. study are purely practical, embracing commercial, stenographic and secretarial courses, as well as courses in higher accounting and auditing. On the northeast corner is the Episcopal Church of the Epiphany, and St. Gabriel's Park is between Second and First Aves., On Park Ave., Dr. V. P. Gibney lives at No. 16, and Dr. F. H. Bosworth at No. 41. At No. 113 E. 36th St., just east of Park Ave., was the residence of Admiral Farragut. At the northeast corner of 38th St. is the Cornell University Club, and from 40th to 41st St. is the Murray Hill Hotel. On the opposite side of the street are two skyscrapers, the Architects' Building and the Terminal Building. Under this section of Fourth Ave. is the tunnel built for. the N. Y. C. R. R. trains when the station was on the site of the present Aladison Square Garden. The Fourth Ave. and Madison Ave. cars now use this tunnel, below which is the subway. About Park Ave. and 37th St. stood the Murray fiousc, the country-seat of Robert Alurray, whose wife aided Washington's retreat from New York by entertaining the British officers. As the story goes, the British landed at Kip's Bay, about E. 35th St., on the morning of Sept. 15, 1776, while Putnam, with 4,000 men, was in the lower part of the city. The officers stopped at the Murray House and were so handsomely entertained that they halted their troops and remained there all afternoon, while Put- nam marched his troops along the Hudson River and joined Washington's forces in Harlem before the British started in pur- suit. Her action saved Putnam's army. On 42d St. the Grand Central Terminal, including the office buildings, will extend to Lexington Ave. On the southwest cor- ner is the ^Manhattan Storage Warehouse, and opposite it, on the avenue, is the Murray Hill Theatre, a burlesque house. Near Third Ave. is St. Bartholomew's Parish House, including a dis- pensary, local bureau and clubs for men and women maintained by St. Bartholomew's Church. Between First and Second Aves. is the new building of the Hospital of the New York Society for the Relief of the Ruptured and Crippled. JVEST OF FIFTH AVE.— ROUTE. Grand Central Subway, 42d St. to Eighth Ave., to 39th St., Seventh Ave., 35th St., Sixth Ave., 40fJi St., Siibzvay. GOING west on 42d St., at Fifth Ave., is the Library, and back of it is Bryant Park, the site of the Crystal Palace, named in memory of Wm. Cullen Bryant, whose statue stands under the small dome in the rear of the Library. In front of this statue is a fountain in memory of Josephine Shaw Lowell. A bust of Killer's Hozc to See Nezv York. 121 Washington Irving is at the center of the 40th St, side of the park, and a statue of J. Marion Sims, surgeon and philanthropist, standing near 42d St. and Sixth Ave., complete the interesting things in this park. Opposite is the new .Eohan Hall, containing salesrooms, concert hall and offices. Adjoining this is Stern Bros.' new department store, and at the corner of Sixth Ave. is the Bryant Park Building, containing the Fleischman Baths. At "Broadway we are in the heart of gay New York. This is the theatrical, sporting and hotel center, with the Great White Way stretching north and south, and lesser White Ways radiating to hoth sides. We cross Broadway, passing the Knickerbocker Hotel and Longacre Building on the east corners, Heidelberg and Times Buildings on the west corners, and cross Seventh Avenue, with the Hermitage Hotel a few feet south of 42d St. Forty-second St., from Seventh to Eighth Ave., is the greatest theatrical thoroughfare in the world, having no less than eight thea- tres on the one block. On the south side are the New Amster- dam, with the Aerial Gardens on the roof; next is Murray's Restaurant, then the Candler Building and the Liberty, Eltinge, Harris and American Theatres, the last a vaudeville house with a roof garden. On the north side are Hammerstein's Victoria, a vaudeville house with a roof garden, the Republic and the Lyric Theatres. St. Luke's German Evangelical Church is nearer Eighth Ave. :\Iost of the theatres on this street are large structures, run- ning through to the next street, though their 42d St. entrances are comparatively small. We go down Eighth Ave., past Franklin Savings Rank on the corner of 42d St., to 30th St., then east past the 39th St. Building, with a branch Post Office on the sround floor and several large publishers above. Next to it is a similar building of the American Press Association, and opposite is the building of the Pictorial Reziezi'. The Roman Catholic orohan asvlum of St. Vincent de Paul and St. Chrysostom'? Chapel of Trinity Parish occupy the remainder of the north side of the block to Seventh Ave. The former, incorporated in 1868, receives children four years old or over. It has 180 inmates. St. Chrysostom's Chapel, also estab- lished in 1868. has 700 members. On the east side of the avenue, from 39th to 40th St.. is the rear of the ^Tetropolitan Opera House. On the corner of Seventh Ave., at 38th St., is the NAVARRE HOTEL, most conveniently located. 300 ft. from Broadway. Constructed in the French Renaissance style of architecture, jt is one of the handsomest structures of its kind, not only in this countrv. but in the world. It is built and maintained strictly 122 HOTEL NAVARRE. Seventh Ave.. S. W. cor. 3Sth St. Kin^i's IIozv to See AVw York. 123 fire-proof throughout, with its ten stately stories of steel construc- tion, stone and brick walls, red-tiled roof and marble mosaic and terrazzo floors. Among many hostelries of a great city, the Navarre stands unique in this respect. It truly offers the maxi- mum of comfort and luxury at minimum cost. Its richness and high-class appointments, while aftording all that is attainable as to the substantial and elegant in hotel service, are to be enjoyed at rates reasonable beyond ordinary expectations. On 37th St., west, is the home of the McCall Patterns. At 36th St. is the Hotel York, and on the opposite corner is Mills Hotel Xo. 3. At 35th St. is the old New York State Arsenal and head- quarters of the Adjutant-General. Here are kept the quartermas- ter supplies for all the National Guard organizations of New York City. We go east on 35th St., past Macy's and Herald Sq. Theatre, cross Broadway past the N. Y. Herald Building, to Sixth Ave. On 35th St., east of Sixth Ave., is the Garrick Theatre, and fur- ther east is Moretti's Restaurant and the Collingwood and Gre- gorian Hotels. On 3Sth St., west of Sixth Ave., is Maxim's, and on the next block is Bustanoby's Restaurant. On the opposite side of the street are the Maxine Elliott Theatre and the 39th St. Theatre, two small but beautiful playhouses. At No. 29 W. 39th St. is the United Engineering Societies Building, given by Andrew Carnegie to the several engineering societies. Here are the offices of Ameri- can Institute of Electrical Engineers, American Institute of Mining Engineers, American Society of Mechanical Engineers and smaller societies. This building also contains a fine engineer- ing librarv and the American ?^Iuseum of Safety, exhibiting vari- ous safety appliances. Admission free. Open 9 to 5. except Sun- davs. At No. 43 is the headquarters of the Republican State Com- mi'ttee At the corner of 40th St. is the granite building of the Union Dime Savings Bank. West of Sixth Ave. are several skv- scrapers. In the Tilden Building, at No. 105, are the rooms of the Citv History Club. Around the corner, on 41st St.. is the Comedy Theatre. On the southeast corner of 40th St. and Sixth Ave. is the new Parisian Restaurant, on the site of the ill-fated Hotel Royal. Goin^ eastward on 40th St.. we pass, at No. 54, the Republican Club, organized 1879 nnd now having over 1,700 mem- bers: at No. 32 the Engineers' Club, organized 1888. its member- shin limit of 2.000 men in engineerin2[ and allied professions being- full ; and at No. 20 the New York Club, a social organization founded 1845 and now having 675 resident and non-resident mem- bers. We return from here to the Grand Central subway station. 424 to 59tli Street EAST OF FIFTH AP^E.— ROUTE. Grand Central Subway Sta- tion, Lexington Ave, 57th St., Second Ave., 59ih St., Madison -4ve., 43d St. to Grand Central Subzcay Station. THE GRAND CENTRAL TERMINAL is the largest and most beautiful and costly railroad terminal in the world. The plan, embracing, as it does, not only the station buildings, but a series of commercial buildings, hotels, Y. M. C. A., office and store buildings from 42d St. to 50th St., between Lexington and Madi- son Ave., with approaches extending to 57th St., the whole cov- ering an area of 79 acres, establishes a magnificent civic center in the heart of New York, The main terminal building proper, facing Park Ave., is 310 by 672 ft. on the street level and 455 by 745 ft. below. It rises 150 ft. above the street and the lowest level is 45 ft. below. The concourse, 120 by 300 ft., for accom- modating 10,000 persons and the spacious waiting-room are on a level with the express train platforms and are reached by gently sloping approaches. Below this level is one for suburban trains, likewise reached by sloping planes. The upper level has 42 tracks, the lower has 25. The total trackage length is 33^ miles; total capacity of the station, 200 trains and 70.000 passen- gers an hour. An elevated driveway will run from Park Ave., at 40th St., over 42d St. and around the station at the gallery level to Park Ave., to 45th St. The beautiful new Liggett's Drug Store, located on the 42d St. front of the Grand Central Terminal, is recognized as the largest and finest in the world, occupying over 8,500 sq. ft. of space, without an interior post or pillar to obstruct the vision. Within the store there are more than 300 ft. of plate glass show cases, lighted from within, which greatly enhance the beauty of the elegant display of perfumes, candies, etc. The thirst of business commuters and shoppers is daily quenched by the three mammoth soda fountains in this great drug store. The Louis K. Liggett Company also operates a beautiful drug store in the Hotel McAlpin, and the finest uptown store in New York City, at the corner of 125th St. and Seventh Ave. In addition the Liggett Company also operates large metropolitan drug stores in Boston, Baltimore, Buffalo, Detroit. Columbus, Syracuse, Bing- hamton, Brockton, Haverhill, Holyoke, Lawrence, Lowell, New- port, Pawtucket, Paterson, Providence, Salem, Toronto, Troy and Worcester. On Lexington Ave., east of the station, is a general office building, for railroads using the terminal, from 43d to 45th St. 124 King's IIozv to See New York. 125 On 43d St., just cast of the avenue, is St. Agnes R. C. Church, and behind it, on 44th St., is the parochial school. On the block froin 46th to 47th St. is the Grand Central Palace. It has one of the largest exhibition halls in the city and has halls for meetings, offices, the Furniture Board of Trade, etc. North of this are the buildings of the Adams Express Co. On 50th St., west of Lexington Ave., is the power-house. At the corner of 49th St. and Lexington Ave. is the 8-story Bible Teachers Training School. The block from 50th to 51st St. was formerly occupied by the Nursery and Child's Hospital. Part of this site will be used for Hammerstein's new Opera House. At the corner of 52d St. is the fine new headquar- ters of the Young Women's Christian Association, and opposite the Swedish AI. E. Church. At No. 106 E. 52d St. is the Woman's University Club Building. The synagogue at 55th St., with high towers, ending in large ball cupolas, belongs to the Congregation Shaar Hashomayim. Its former rabbi w^as the famous Jewish theologian Alexander Kohut. The Babies" Hospital is at 55th St. We turn east on 57th St. and pass the Yorkville Police Court, near Third Ave., Adolph Philipp's little German Theatre (seating 300), just east of Third Ave., and, near Second Ave., the N. Y. Throat, Nose and Lung Hospital. Going north at Second Ave., we reach the entrance to Queensboro Bridge at 59th St. The dis- tance across is nearly a mile and a half, but a fine view of the surroundings can be obtained from the foot walk at the pier on the Manhattan side of the river. Going west on 59th St., we pass the Flower Memorial House and Day Nursery of St. Thomas Chapel at No. 220, the headquar- ters of the Exempt Firemen's Association, an organization con- sisting of men who served in the Volunteer Fire Department which went out of existence in 1865. The building contains many relics of the old department. Open free to visitors. The north side of the block, east of Third Ave., is occupied by Bloomingdale Brothers' department store. On the opposite side of the street is the rear of Terrace Garden, a popular German resort, with meet- ing halls, ball room, restaurant and open-air summer garden. The main building fronts on 58th St. Opposite is Proctor's 58th St. Theatre. On 59th St., just west of Lexington Ave., is the N. Y. Orthopaedic Hospital and Dispensary, and on the north of the same block, near Park Ave., is the newly opened LIGHT H/OUSE of the N. Y. Association for the Blind, a home for the blind. Visitors are welcome. On the southeast corner of 59th St. and Park Ave. is the Arion, the leading German singing society, organized in 1854. There are over 60 German musical and singing societies in New York City. Several of the larger 126 King's Hoiv to See New York. organizations own their buildings and are in fact social clubs, the musical feature being incidental and secondary. On 58th St., east of Park Ave., is the Liederkranz, another German musical and singing society. On the southwest corner of 59th St. and Park Ave. is the hall of the BOARD OF EDUCATION. The board consists of 46 members who serve without pay. They have complete control of the public school system, which includes 3 training schools for teachers, 23 high schools (1 commercial and 2 manual training), 502 elemen- tary schools, 2 truant schools, 1 parental school and 2 vocational schools (1 for boys and 1 for girls). Many of the public schools have kindergartens. There are also a school for the deaf and classes for deaf, blind, cripples, anaemic and tuberculous children and children suffering from speech impediments. The public school system includes evening schools, high, trade and elemen- tary, for both sexes (for those employed during the day), vaca- tion schools, vacation playgrounds, open-air and roof-garden plavgrounds, playgrounds for mothers and babies, evening recrea- tion centers and athletic fields. In some of the school buildings there are shower baths. During the fall, winter and spring, pub- lic free lectures are given in many school buildings and other assembly rooms. The total school register is about 53,000 in high and training schools, and 706,000 in elementary schools. There are about 1,900 teachers in high and training schools and over 17,500 principals and teachers in elementary schools. The cost of maintaining the public schools for 1912 was $35,206,846.96. The Normal College (for girls) is under the control of a Board of Trustees, consisting of the members of the Board of Education and the president of the College. The College of the City of New York (for boys) is controlled by a separate Board of Trustees. At the corner of Madison Ave. is the Plaza Theatre. At the corner of Madison Ave. and 58th St. is the Sydenham Building, formerly the fashionable Madison Ave. Hotel, now occupied entirely by physicians' offices. A few doors west is the Riding Club. Many fashionable residences still remain on E. 57th St., from Lexington to Seventh Ave., but trade is invading the street, and it will soon be a commercial street. At the corner of 57th St. and Madison Ave. is the Madison Ave. Reformed Church. At the corner of 56th St. is the Essex, a quiet, fashionable hotel. At No. 53 E. 56th St. is the Church Club. At 55th St. is the First Reformed Episcopal Church. The west side of the block, from 50th to 51st St., is occupied by St. Patrick's Cathedral, the Cardi- nal's residence and office. The red brick building on the block above was formerly part of the R. C. Orphan Asylum. It is now King's How to Sec Nczv York. 127 used for R. C. church work. Opposite the rear of the Cathedral is the triple residential mansion formerly occupied by Henry Vil- lard and Whitelaw Reid. The center c.nd the two corners are separate buildings, the whole being designed after a Florentine palace. The new ultra-fashionable Ritz-Carleton Hotel, which is conducted in the same style as its London namesake, is on the block from 46th to 47th St. The east side, from 48th St. south to 43d St., is part of the new Grand Central Terminal. The Rail- road Y. M. C. A. is at the northeast corner of 45th St., and the Tiffany Studios are on the southeast corner. A huge 20-story hotel, "the Biltmore, on the block from 44th to 43d St., is part of the Terminal group of buildings. On the southwest corner of 44th St. is St' Bartholomew's P. E. Church, embellished with figures over and between the doors. WEST OF FIFTH AVE.— ROUTE. Grand Central Subzvay Station to Eighth Ave., 44th St. to Fifth Ave., to 45th St., to Seventh Ave., to 46th St., to Sixth Ave., to Seventh Ave., to 50th St., to Ninth Ave., to 57th St., to Tenth Ave., to 59th St., to Sixth Ave., to 57th St., to Eighth Ave., to 54th St., to Sixth Ave., to 50th St. THIS square mile contains more large hotels, theatres and prominent clubs than the rest of Manhattan Island, and to cover it effectually it would be necessary to go through the streets — up one street and down the next, walking several miles. The route laid out will pass the most important and interesting places. Going down 43d St., west of Fifth Ave., we pass the Century Association at No. 7. The main building, a palatial edifice, four stories high, covers a lot 100 by 50 ft., while the picture gallery takes up a same sized lot in the rear. The club, which was organized in 1847, is a social organization in which the literary and artistic elements predominate. Its membership limit of 1,000 has long been reached and it has a long waiting list. Opposite is the Hotel Renaissance. At No. 17 is the Academy of Medicine. This is not a club house, but a building devoted entirely to scien- tific purposes. It contains the library of the Academy of Medi- cine, open free to the public from 10 to 12 A. M. At No. 27 is the Racquet and Tennis Club, the building going through to 44th St., a social athletic organization, with a membership hmit of 1,100, which has long been reached. Opposite is >^olian Hall and Stern Bros.' department store, extending to Sixth Ave. At No. 43 is the Bar Association, and at No. 47 the Hotel Royalton, both buildings extending through the block. Just beyond is the HIP- PODROME, the largest playhouse in the world, with a seatmg King's How to See Nezc York'. 12^ capacity of 5,200. The plays are given upon so large a scale that no other theatre can accommodate them, several hundred people being often on the stage at one time. Opposite the Hippodrome, on Sixth Ave., is Jack's Restaurant. West of Sixth Ave., on the south side of the street, is the million dollar club house of the Elks. Opposite is the Army and Navy Club, at No. 107, the Woodstock at Xo. 127, and a little nearer Broadway the deserted Metropole Hotel, later Miller's Hotel, in front of which the gambler Rosenthal was shot; a mass of police corruption was thereby uncovered. At the Broadway corner is Cohan's Theatre, opposite the Wallick Hotel. West of Seventh Ave. is the new Times Sq. Hotel, and on the north side of the block is the Times Annex, in which the mechanical work of the A'^. Y. Times is done. Adjoining the hotel arc the rear entrances to the Republic and Lyric Theatres. We go to Eighth Ave., then to 44th St. and eastward. At Xo. 238 W. 44th St. is the pretty little playhouse called The Little Theatre, with the new Shubert Theatre opposite. At Xo. 216 is the 44th St. Music Hall, opposite the Hotel Astor. On the block between Broadwav and Sixth Ave. are Hudson Thea- tre, at No. 139, Gerard Hotel at No. 123, Belasco Theatre at Xo. 115, and Fellowship Club at Xo. 107. On the south side of the street are Alpha Delta Phi Club, at Xo. 136, and at No. 128 the Lambs' Club, composed almost exclusively of men connected with the dramatic profession. On the block between Sixth and Fifth Aves. most of the buildings are club houses. On the north side are the Algonquin Hotel, at Xo. 59, and Iroquois Hotel, at X'^o. 49. The Graduates' and Rocky Mountain Clubs are housed in the City Club Building, Xo. 55. The Xew York Yacht Club has an elaborately carved marble front building at Xo. 37; the Harvard Club is at Xo. 27, adjoining Berkeley Lyceum, which holds several clubs, and the Berkeley Theatre, besides halls for dancing, theatricals, etc. At Xo. 7 is the St. Xicholas, a social club, with membership limited to 300, who must be descended from a resident of the city prior to 1785. Almost every name on its membership roll recalls Dutch or Brit- ish officials or Revolutionary officers. On the south side of the street there are the Brown Universitv Club in the Hotel Royalton, at No. 44; the Bar Association, with a magnificent building at No. 42 ; the Phi Gamma Delta, at Xo. 34 ; Yale Club, at Xo. 30, and the large building of the Society of ^Mechanics and Trades- men, at X^o. 20. This society was founded in 1785 and modeled after the early European guilds. It was originally a mutual bene- fit society, but it branched out, founded the Mechanics' Bank, a. 130 King's Hozv to See Neiv York. Mechanics' School and a library, which has now 110,000 volumes open to the public. This was until the founding of the free cir- culating library, now part of the public library, the largest free circulating library in the city. The society has technical classes and furnishes 12 free scholarships in the New York Trade Schools. At No. 12 is the Dartmouth Club. We go up Fifth Ave to 45th St., then west. On the south side is the Fencers' Club, in the business building at No. 6, Hotel Webster at No. 40, Seymour next, and the Musicians' Club in the large building at No. 62 ; opposite is the Schuyler, at No. 59. On the next block is the Friars' Club at No. 107, St. James Hotel at No. 109, Belmont Hotel at No. 116, the Tokio, a show restaurant, at No. 145 and the Lyceum Theatre at No. 149. The next block has nothing of special interest except the Booth Theatre, adjoining Hotel Astor. We go up Broadway to 46th St. Just west of Broadway is the side entrance of the Gaiety Thea- tre, and then the Fulton Theatre. Opposite is the Globe Theatre. At No. 219 is the building and main office of J. H. Remick & Co., music publishers, and at No. 1343 Broadway is their retail store, filled with music and souvenirs. At No. 229 is the club house of the White Rats, an association of vaudeville performers. East of Seventh Ave. is the Episcopal Church of St. Mary the Virgin, midway of the block to Sixth Ave. and extending throu.gh to 47th St. East of Sixth Ave. is the Patterson, at No. 59. At No. 31 is the Scotch Tea Room, a delightful little place where good meals can be obtained without the show-place acces- sories and without paying the show-place high prices. Turning north at Sixth Ave. to 47th St., then west, we pass some large hotels, including the Flanders, King Edward, Somer- set and Longacre. At No. 139 is the Green Room Club, and at No. 165 the Screen Club, an association of motion-picture actors, writers, managers and others, the only club of its kind in Amer- ica. We turn north on Seventh Ave. On 48th St., east of the avenue, are the 48th St. Theatre, Brady's Playhouse and the Cort Theatre. West of Broadway is the Longacre Theatre. On 49th St., east of Seventh Ave., are several large hotels, the Mary- land, Bristol and Van Cortlandt. We turn west on 50th St. On the corner is the Garden Restaurant and opposite the Winter Garden, with main entrance on Broadway. Near Ninth Ave. is the new Polyclinic Hospital, with the private pavilion in the rear facing 51st St. We go west on 57th St. to Tenth Ave. At No. 524 is the main office of the SHEFFIELD FARMS-SLAWSON DECKER COMPANY, the largest milk company in the United States. Visitors are welcome and will find here a most interesting J'lIEiTKKS 1. I'.n, Mil Theatre. 2. Belasco Theatre. 3. Metropolitan Opera House. 4. Cort Theatre, o. Hippodrome. 131 132 King's How to See Nezv York. SHEFFIELD FAKMS-SLAWSUN DECKEU example of how the New York City milk supply is safeguarded. The great bulk of the milk is pasteur- ized, that is. heat- ed to 145 degrees for 20 minutes and then cooled in a large, specially constructed room which can be en- tirely sterilized. From here it goes to the bottling- room, where the bottles pass over a wonderful spiral rolI-aAvay, after being filled and capped by special machinery, to the wagons. On Tenth Aye., between 58th and 59th Sts.. is the new DeWitt Clin- ton High School for boys, seating 3,500 students. This is one of the most attractiye school houses in the city. Westward on 59th St.. at the river front, is the great power-house, where all the energy for operating the whole subway system is generated. On Tenth Ave. (here called Amsterdam Ave.) and taking half of the block between Ninth and Tenth Aves., between 59th and 60th Sts., is a group of red brick buildings comprising the College of Physicians and Surgeons, on 59th St.. the Sloane Maternity Hospital on the corner of 59th St. and Tenth Ave., and the Vanderbilt Clinic (dispensary) at the 60th St. corner. The buildings were donated by members of the Vanderbilt family to the :\Iedical School. On the corner above Kiiii^'s IIoTC to Sec AVtc York. 133 is the X. V. Nursery and Child's Hospital, including maternity hosoitai kindergarten and training school. On the south side of 50th St is ROOSEVELT HOSPITAL, occupying the whole block This, like all the semi-public hospitals, has private wards and beds, but most are free. A notable addition to the hospital is the Syms Operating Pavilion, near the Ninth Ave. corner. At the corner of 60th St. and Columbus Ave. is the large Roman Catholic Church of the Paulist Fathers, with its printing ottice and parochial school in the rear on 60th St. This is one of the largest church buildings in the city. ^ • t ^• Goino- cast on 59th St., we pass Dr. Savage s Gymnastic insti- tute, ne Jr Columbus Circle. On the circle, south of 59th St., is the Park Theatre, and at Eighth Ave. is Pabst s Grand Circle Cafe and Restaurant. Rcisenweber's Restaurant is on Eighth Ave., at 58th St. The Columbus Column and Maine Memorial in the circle are described in Chapter 17. The block from Broadway to Seventh Ave. Is occupied by private residences and fashionable apartment houses, including the new Gainsboro Studio Building. At 7th Ave is the group of buildings known as the Aavarro Flats. East of 7th Ave. is the Catholic Club, at No. 120 the Deutscher Verein (German Club) at No. 112, and De La Salle Institute for boys at No. 108. On the east corner of Sixth Ave is the famous N. Y Athletic Club, the oldest and wealthiest athletic organization in America. The building itself is said to be the finest building of its kind in the world, furnishing, besides the usual fashionable club conveniences, a gymnasium, boxing-room, fencing-room, swimming tank, running track and whatever else can be applied to indoor sports. For its outdoor sports and meets it has Travers Island in New Rochelle Harlwr. Here is a club house, athletic track, baseball grounds and boat house. The membership is limited to 3.500. We go down Sixth Ave. to 5Tth St. This street was a few vearc ago one of the exclusive fashionable residential streets but trade is already invading it and destroying its residential char- acter. West of Sixth Ave, at No. 110, is the Lotos Club, organ- ized in 1870 to promote social intercourse among journalists artists and members of the musical and dramatic professions, anc celebrated for its art exhibitions and its receptions to men noted in literature and the fine arts ; its membership limit of 600 is filled and there is a long waiting list. Just below the Lotos Club are the Great Northern Hotel and the St. Hubert, a typical high- class apartment hotel. Hotels of this character cater to perma- nent rather than to transient guests. On the north side ot the 134 King's Hozu to See Nezv York. street is the new home of the Freundschaft Society, finished in 1914, and the Calvary Baptist Church. At the corner of Seventh Ave. is Carnegie Hall, erected in 1891 by Andrew Carnegie at a cost of $1,250,000. It contains one of the finest concert halls in the world, with seats for 3,000 and standing room for 1,000 more. A smaller concert hall, called Carnegie Lyceum, adjoins the other on the Seventh Ave. side. The larger hall is used for concerts, lectures, conventions and meetings. The building also contains offices, studios and school- rooms and the rooms of several clubs. One of these is the Manhattan Chess Club, the leading organization of its kind in America. Here the best chess players from all over the world make their headquarters when visiting New York. On the north- west corner is the Osborne, another large apartment hotel, and other hotels of the same character and high-class apartment houses are scattered throughout the vicinity. At 215 W. 57th St. is the magnificent building of the Ameri- can Fine Arts Society, occupied by the Society of American Artists, Architectural League and the Art Students' League. The building contains temporary and permanent exhibition galleries, classrooms, offices, meeting-rooms, etc. Opposite is the Central Presbyterian Church, and adjoining it, at No. 220, is the Ameri- can Society of Civil Engineers. West of Eighth Ave. is the WEST SIDE BRAXXH of the Y. AI. C. A., the building running through to 57th St. The building contains a large dormitory, and in addi- tion to the usual features an employment bureau and automobile school. Just beyond is the P. E. Church of Zion and St. Timothy. On the north side of the street, nearer Eighth Ave., is the Deems Memorial Church of the Strangers (undenominational). Going down Eighth Ave., we pass, below 56th St., the Parisien, a large French restaurant. On 54th St., just west of Eighth Ave,, is a Greek Church, formerly the Amity Baptist Church, built in 1832, adjoining a Alunicipal and ^Magistrates Court. The balance of the block to Ninth Ave. is taken up by the street-car barns. Going east on 54th .St., we pass the building of the Automobile Club of America, at No. 247. Near Sixth Ave. is the French branch of the Y. M. C. A., and at No. 48, east of Sixth Ave., is the City Athletic Club. On 53d St., west of Sixth Ave., is the Clef Club. There is little of interest on this part of Sixth Ave. The blocks east of Sixth Ave. are for the most part occupied by fashionable residences. On 49th St., just east of Sixth Ave., is the Haw- thorne Hotel. On 48th St., at No. 36, is the residence of Henry W. Taft, brother of ex-President Taft. We pass down Sixth Ave., and at 42d St. return to the subway. 59tli to llOtk Street, East ROUTE Fifty-ninth St., Third Ave. "L" Station to Oulli St., to Ave' A, to 75th St., to East River, to 8Sth St., Second Ave., 86th si. to Lexington Ave., to 60th St., to Madison Ave., to iioth St., to "L" or Subzuay. THIS is a residential section, exhibiting the different social strata beginning with the fashionable at Fifth and Madison Aves., going down, as we go eastward, to the very poor and lo\yly about Ave. A and the waterfront. This is well seen by walking through 72d or 79th St., from Central Park eastward. Going east on 60th St., we pass suddenly from a street of private resi- dences to a tenement district at Second Ave. Here is the entrance to Queensboro Bridge. In the arches under the bridge is a mar- ket. At No. 337 E. 60th .St. is the white brick building of the Manhattan Maternity Hospital. At Ave. A, just south of the bridge, is the power-house supplying the bridge with light. North of the bridge, between 60th and 61st Sts., are two old houses, once country homes when the whole East River front was occupied by the countrv homes and estates of wealthy New Yorkers. Im- mense gas 'tanks are on the two blocks from 61st to 63d St. On 61st St., behind the gas tank, is one of the most interesting houses in this part of the city. It is a twin building of stone, erected in 1770 by Col. S. S. Smith, who later became the son- in-law of President John Adams. Owing to its size and the almost inaccessible location at the time of its erection, it was known as "Smith's Folly." In the early '30s it was a road house, and is said to have been lost by the owner in a game of cards. It is the oldest house on ^^lanhattan Island north of City Hall. On the block from 63d to 64th St. is the Homeopathic :^Tcdi- cal College and Flower Hospital, the largest homeopathic medical school and hospital in America. The hospital has 140 beds. _ On the east side of the street, from 64th to 65th St.. is the celebrated ROCKEFELLER INSTITUTE FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH, with the hospital adjoining and surrounded by well- kept grounds'. Part of the ground in front of the building is used as a children's garden. The land, buildings and a fund for its maintenance were given by John D. Rockefeller and put m charge of a body of eminent medical investigators. The workers here^include Flexnen, Meltzer, Carrell, Nagutchi, Janeway, Loeb and other celebrated scientists. , ^ , 1 r- • On 07th St. and First Ave. is the N. Y. Trade School. Going 135 136 King's Hozv to See New York. i ■1 I ii^HH ■Bi 1 ROCKEFELLER INSTITUTE FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH. north on Ave. A, we pass a Bohemian and Slavonic district. Avith the Bohemian National Hall on 73d St., west of First Ave. We turn down 75th St. to the waterfront, passing the immense power-house which supplies the Elevated lines, turning north, the East Side Settlement House is at 76th St. From 76th to 78th St. is John Jay Park, at the waterfront, surrounded on the west and north by a group of the largest and finest working men's apartment houses in the world. On 76th St., west of the park, are the public baths, at 77th St. the John Jay Apartments, on the block from 77th to 78th St. are the East River Homes, erected by the bounty of Mrs. W. K. Vanderbilt, especially for families in which there is tuberculosis, and on the block from 78th to 79th St. is the group erected by the City and Suburban Homes Company. This company is really a philanthropic association, but in no sense a charity. Its houses are built primarily to fur- nish cheap apartments for working people, furnishing at the same time everything that would conduce to health, comfort and the aesthetic sense of the tenants. An interesting architectural fea- ture in these houses surrounding the park are the open stairways, constructed in recesses in the buildings around small courts. Though off the usual sightseer's routes in this city, they are well worth a visit. Continuing north along the waterfront, we reach; at 86th St., Carl Schnrz Park, beautifullv located opposite the upper end of Blackwell's Island and overlooking Hell Gate. A large frame house in the upper part of the park, now used as a comfort house and park offices, was erected about 1800 as the country home of J. Gracie. Lafayette was entertained here in 'or Hoiij to Sec Nezv York. 137 1826. We go west on 88th St. As we cross Ave. A, we see, at 89th St.. St. Joseph's Asyhim for orphans and homeless chil- dren, and at 9()th St. the House of the Good Shepherd, a R. C. reformatory for women. Between First and Second Aves. is the Holy Trinity Chapel and church houses, an elaborate group of buildings erected by the Rhinelander family. We go south on Second Ave. to 86th St., then west. Near Third Ave, is the large Yorkville Casino, a meeting and amuse- ment place, erected by the Musical Protective Union. At Third Ave. is Loew's Orpheum Theatre, and on the next block the Yorkville and a few smaller playhouses, the club house of the Aschenbrodel-Verein, a German musical and singing society, and the east side branch of the Y. ]\I. C. A. At Lexington Ave. is First Union Presbyterian Church. We can now take the Lexington Ave. car to 60th St., passing on the northwest corner of 82d St. the Richardson "Spite House,'" built on a lot 100 ft. long and eight ft. wide. On the northeast corner of 81st St. is the Convent of Nursing Sisters of Bon Secours, corner 79th St. is the Villa Maria Academy for girls and at the southwest corner of 77th St. is the German Hos- pital. The hospital proper covers the block and fronts on 77th St. At the corner of 76th St. and Park Ave. is the German Dis- pensary, and at the Lexington Ave. side is the Training School for nurses. On the east side of Lexington Ave., at 77th St., is St. Ann's Acad- emy for bovs, and at 76th St. is the magnifi- cent marble R. C. Church of St. Jean de Bap- tiste, replacing a small brick building on the opposite side of the street. The parochial school, a marble building, ad- joins the church on the east. xoiniAL collect 138 Ki>ig's Hozu to See Nezv York. At 72d St. is the Bikur Cholim Synagogue, and a few doors east is the Greek Cathohc Church. On the northeast corner is the Hotel Lorenz, an apartment hotel. The area from 66th to 69th St., between Third and Fifth Aves., was at one time set aside for a public park. It was never used for park purposes, but the land was sold or donated for public institutions. The block from 68th to 69th St., Lexington to Park Ave., is occupied by the Normal College, the city college for girls. Instruction is free. There are about 3,000 students who follow a five years' course, leading to the A.B. degree and a temporary teacher's license. Nearly all the female public school teachers in the city are graduates of this institution, A new building is replacing the old one. On the block from 68th to 69th St., Third to Lexington Ave., is the New York Foundling Asylum and St. Ann's Maternity Hospital. Both are under the control of the Sisters of Charity and accommodate 700 children and 300 adults. The institutions are nominally undenominational, but the children are brought up in the R. C. "faith. On the block from 67th to 68th St., Lexington to Park Ave., are the New York Institute for the Improved Instruction of Deaf- mutes, on the Lexington Ave. side, Hahnemann H(-spital on the Park Ave. side, and the Baptist Home for the Aged on 68th St. In the first of these institutions the oral method of teaching deaf- mutes is employed. It has about 250 pupils, most of whom are admitted free, while those that can pay are charged $6 a week. The Hahnemann Hospital is a homeopathic institution, having private wards and a few free beds. A Training School for nurses is attached to it. The Baptist Home has accommodations for 100 inmates. On the block east of the Institution for the Improved Instruc- tion of D'eaf-mutes are the N. Y. Neurological Institute, a hospital and dispensary for the treatment of nervous and brain diseases, the headquarters of the N. Y. Fire Department, a police station (31st Precinct) and the SvnagORue of Zichron Ephraim. The N. Y. FIRE DEPARTMENT consists of 4,843 men in the regular paid department and 1,834 men in volunteer compa- nies in outlying districts. The work is divided into 4 bureaus, extinguishment, fire prevention, telegraph, repairs and supplies. There are 188 engine companies. 79 hook and ladder companies. 8 separate hose companies and 41 volunteer companies. There are in addition 11 floating engines (fire boats), 3 search-light engines. 5 water-towers and a number of companies are equipped with chemical engines. In the district between Maiden Lane and Houston St., on the east, and Chambers St. and 23d St., on the King's Hoiv to See Xezv York. 139 west, is the high-pressure system. There are two pumping-stations, one at Oliver and South Sts.. the other at Gansevoort and West Sts., which can be combined and have together a pumping capa- city of 30,000 gallons a minute. In the area covered by this sys- tem in Manhattan, 2,800 acres, there are 95 miles of mains 12 to 14 in. in diameter, 2,070 hydrants with 4-in. nozzles and 371 tele- phone boxes directly connected with the pumping stations. There is a similar system in Brooklyn. The introduction into the department of motor-driven tire apparatus, which began in 1910, presages the ultimate donig away with apparatus of the horse- drawn type. There are now 26 tire engines, 42 hose and combi- nation chemical and hose wagons, 12 aerial hook and ladder trucks and 3 water- towers, all mechanically propelled. There are, in addition, 19 run-abouts and touring cars used by chief officers, 20 more used by executive ofifi- cers and bu- reaus and 19 motor - driven delivery trucks. The block from 66th to 67th St., Lexington to Park Ave., is occupied by the Armory of the 7TH REGniEXT, the best- known military organization in the United States, which traces its origin to the X. Y. City Regiment of Artillery, organized in 1806. It became a regiment in 1826. The armory was built by the regi- ment upon land belonging to the city. The drill room is 200 by 300 ft. There are also squad drill rooms besides 12 company- rooms, officers' rooms, gymnasium, library, veterans' room, rifle gallery, etc. The cost of the building and furnishings was $650,- 000. A magnificent apartment house opposite the Lexington Ave. side of the armory is on the site formerly occupied by Mount Sinai Hospital. On the southeast corner of 66th St. and Lexing- ton Ave. is St. Vincent Ferrer R. C. Church, and adjoining it is its parochial school. East of the avenue is the old Chapin Home, now occupied by the Bureau of Fire Prevention. At 63d St. is 'S'-^^T- ARMORY OF THE 7TH REGIMENT. 140 King's How to See Nezv York. Rodeph Scholom Synagogue. We go south to 60th St., then west to INIadison Ave. Going up Madison Ave., the residence of ex-Mayor Seth Low is on the southwest corner 64th St., Syna- gogue Bnai Jeshurun, the second oldest congregation in New York, organized in 1825, on Madison Ave., near 65th St. The house No. 3 E. 66th St. was the residence of U. S. Grant. At 70th St. is the Presbyterian Hospital, one of the largest general hospitals in the city, holding 330 beds, nearly all free. It treats about 4,000 cases in the hospital and 20,000 cases in the dispensary annually. It is unsectarian and less than 10 per cent, of the cases are Presbyterians. At 71st St. is St. James P. E. Church, and adjoining it on next corner is a beautiful though apparently neg- lected marble mansion, which was erected about 15 years ago but was never occupied. On the northwest corner of 72d St. is the Tiffany ^Mansion, designed by Stanford White, one of the most unique private residences in America. Adjoining it on the next corner is the St. James Lutheran Church, the wealthiest of this denomination in the city, and on the northeast corner the Madi- son Ave. Presbyterian Church. At No. 7 E. 73d St., west of the avenue, is a beautiful residence of the late Joseph Pulitzer, and just east of Madison Ave, is the Presbyterian Home for Aged Women. At 77th St. is a large brick house surrounded by lawns, the home of Seth IMilliken. On the northwest corner of 78th St. is the residence of Stuyvesant Fish, and on the northwest corner of 79th St. is the residence formerly occupied by 'Mayor Grace. At 81st St. is the St. Joseph's Industrial Home for Destitute Chil- dren, with 750 inmates. On 84th St.. east of IMadison Ave., is the parochial school of the R. C. Church of St. Ignatius Loyola. The church is a large marble structure facing Park Ave. At 86th St^ is the N. Y. Deaconess Home of the Methodist Church. The P. E. Church of the Beloved Disciple is on 89th St., east of the avenue. On 93d St. is the Squadron A Club. The block from 94th to 95th St., Madison to Park Ave., is covered by the Armory of the 8th Regiment and the 1st Squadron of Cavalry (formerly Squadron A). The building is one of the most notable in the city. The two great towers on the Park Ave. side are 50 ft. in diameter and 125 ft. high, and owing to the elevated site they are visible for miles around. The first floor of each tower is a room 47 ft. in diameter. 21 ft. high. The cavalry occupies the ]\Iadison Ave. side of the building, and when the 8th Regiment moves to the new armory now building in the Bronx, they will use the entire armory. On 97th St., west of Madison Ave., is the_ Rus- sian Catholic Church of St. Nicholas. There is nothing of inter- est north of this point, except ]\Iount Sinai Hospital at 100th St. Central Park THE famous Central Park extends from 59th to 110th St., Fifth to Eighth Ave., and contains 843 acres. It has 31 miles of foot paths, 9]^ miles of drives and 5^^ miles of bridle roads. The ^ates are at Fifth, Sixth, Seventh and Eighth Aves., on the 59th and 110th St. sides, at 59th, 64th, G7th, 72d, 79th, 85th, 90th. 96th, 102d, 106th and 110th St. on Fifth Ave., and 59th, 65th, 72d,' 79th, '85th, 96th, 100th, 106th and 110th St. on the Eighth Ave. (Central Park West) side. There are sunken transverse roads bv which wagons can cross the park at E. 65th to W. 66th St., E. 79th to W. 81st St., E. 85th to W. 86th St. and E. to W. 97th St. The 85th St. transverse road divides the park into two equal parts, the most' interesting features being in the lower half. Park carriages make the tour of the park in one hour; fare, 25 cts. They start from Fifth and Eighth Aves. and 59th St., pass the principal sights and allow stop-over privileges. They follow the two main drives, called the East Drive, near the Fifth Ave. side, and the West Drive, near the Eighth Ave. side. If one can give but an hour or two to the park, this is the best way of seeing it, but if there is time it should be seen on foot. Entering the park at the Scholars' Gate, 59th St. and Fifth Ave., a small lake, picturesquely set among the rocks, is west of the drive, and west of this is the ball field, open to the public for games of baseball, cricket, etc. ■ Between the lake and ball ground are the carousel and swings for children. If one takes the path east of the drive, a short distance from the gate the MEXAGERIE is reached. The large building around which it is located was the N. Y. State Arsenal during the Civil War. It has now park offices, a police station and on the upper floor a meteorological bureau. Some of the rooms are open to the public. The menagerie is a large and varied collection of wild animals— elephants, lions, tigers, hippopotami, bears, monkeys— birds, etc. The collections, while not as large as at the Bronx Park, are nevertheless very good. Leaving the menagerie by the path at the left of the restaurant and passing under the bridge which carries the trans- verse road, we see the donkeys which the children ride. Taking the path here to the left, crossing the drive and again turning to the left, the main drive is reached where it divides to the East and West Drives. Across it is the MALL, a broad promenade a third of a mile long, flanked by a double row of elms, the pride of the park. 141 142 Kiufi's Hozv to See New York. BAND CONCERT ON THE MALL. This is consid- ered the most beautiful walk in America. At the southern end of the Mall is the Marble Arch, a fine archway under the drive, lead- ing to the walks on the south. Along the Mall are many stat- ues, and near the northern end is the mu- sic pavilion, where concerts by the finest bands and orchestras are given Saturday and Sunday afternoons during the summer. The goat carriages for the children are kept here, and on the cliff opposite is the wisteria arbor, covered by vines which in spring- time make a beautiful sight. On the large meadow to the west of the Mall is a flock of 61 Dorset sheep, valued at $25 each. On the north the Mall terminates in the terrace, with a highly decorated stairway leading under the driveway and two stair- vvays on the other side, meeting at the esplanade in front of Bethesda Fountain. The bronze figure of the angel blessing the waters was suggested by the story of the Pool of Bethesda (St. John 5: 2-4). The small figures represent Temperance, Purity, Health and Peace. This is the chief architectural fea- ture of the park. The lake which covers an area of over 20 acres was originally a marsh. Taking the path to the east of the lake, the boathouse. where rowboats may be hired with or without boatmen, is a short dis- tance above the esplanade. In the winter the lake is open free to skaters when the ice is safe. Eastward through the Umnel under the drive is the Conservatory Lake, where the boys sail their toy boats in summer and curling enthusiasts play that game in winter. Continuing northward around the lake, the first path to the left leads to the Ramble, a maze of winding paths north of the lake, with thickets, nooks and dells, rustic bridges, small streams and delightful bits of scenery. Two of the paths lead to the cave. Taking the next path to the left and passing the edge of the Ramble, we reach the Belvedere on a rocky elevation King's Hozv to See Nezv York 14:5 at the southwestern corner of the reservoir. This stone observation tower on the highest point in the park is a notable feature in the landscape, and from the upper platform an extensive view can be obtained. The smaller reservoir at the foot of the Belvedere holds 150,000,000 gallons of water and the larger or retaining reservoir holds 1,030,000,000 gallons. The capacitv of the reservoirs about Croton Lake, which supplies the city, is nearly 10,000,000.000 gal- lons', less than a three months' sup- ply. The path along the south side of the reservoir, shaded by over- arching trees, is called "Lovers' W'alk." Taking this path eastw^ard, then north, the Obelisk is reached. The OBELISK, or Cleopatra's Needle, is a single shaft of sye- nite granite, which was erected before the Temple of the Sun in Heliopolis, near Cairo, Egypt, in the 16th century B. C. In 12 B. C, Augustus CcTsar had this and a companion obelisk, now on the Thames Embankment, London, re- moved to Alexandria. It was pre- sented by the Khedive of Egypt to' the Linked States in 1877 and brought to Xew York in 1880. Its transportation and erection re- quired a special vessel and novel machinery. It was rolled into the vessel by removing the side of the ship and moved from the vessel to its present site on cannon balls. The Obelisk is Qd^A ft. high, 73^ ft. at the base and weighs 224 tons. The hieroglyphics describe the virtues and achievements of Kings Thoth- mes III. and Rameses II. the in- TIIE OBELISK. Kiuf^'s How to See Nezif York. 145 scription on the side which faced the desert was worn away by the desert sands, and the ahernate heat and cold of our sea- sons have caused chips to crack and fall off, but every care is being taken to protect this ancient relic by coats of paraffine and other preservatives. The crabs at the corners of the base are repro- ductions of the bronze crabs which supported the Obelisk in Alexandria. Two of the originals are in the Museum of Art. Across the drive is the original brick building of the Art Mu- seum. The main entrance to the new building is on Fifth Ave., opposite 82d St. The METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART is the most famous art museum in America and one of the greatest in the world. The present building, which faces Fifth Ave. from 81st to 84th St., is part of a group planned and under construction. The red brick building back of the Fifth Ave. front was opened by the President of the United States, Rutherford B. Hayes, m 1880. Additions were erected in 1889 and 1894, and the main portion of the present front was opened in 1902. Since then four additions have been built and the erection of another will soon be commenced. The entire group of buildings, when completed according to the original plans, will cover an area of 18^4 acres and will cost about $20,000,000. Under the presidency of the late J. Pierpont Morgan it became one of the richest museums in the vv'orld and on his death received for exhibition his wonderful collection of art objects, valued at $50,000,000. A new wing is to be built especially to hold this, the greatest private collection in the world. It takes several hours to walk through the many rooms and halls, and over a dozen catalogues are required to enumerate the many exhibits in this Museum. The lower floors contain sculp- tures, architectural models and archaeological objects; on the upper floor are the galleries of paintings, musical instruments, articles of vertu generally, armor, etc. . , , In the entrance hall are examples of ancient sculpture, mclud- ing the statue of the Roman Emperor, Caius Vibius Trebonianus Callus, which was found in the Lateran. Nearby is a gallery containing sculptures by Rodin. Adjoining are the Egyptian galleries, which contain a collection of sarcophagi, mummies, ushabti and other objects found in tomb chambers, as well as fragments of ancient temples, etc. In the halls, also connecting, are shown the Cypriote antiquities collected by Cen. Cesnola, while United States Consul in Cyprus, which include over 30,000 specimens. In another gallery is the Marquand collection of ancient glass, numbering about 1,700 pieces, from Phoenicia, 146 King's How to See New York. Greece, Rome, Venice and Florence. In one of the classical gal- leries is the most perfect example of ancient war chariot known. Other rooms on this floor contain objects from Pompeii and Her- culaneum, from Babylonia and Assyria. There are several halls of plaster casts of famous ancient and medieval sculptures. A large central hall contains architectural models, including the well-known Willard collection. Other rooms on this floor con- tain decorative arts, including part of the Hoentschel collection of woodwork, the most complete of its kind in the world, Gothic and Renaissance sculptures, tapestries, etc. On the second floor are 20 galleries of paintings, while many other galleries and several balconies are devoted to various objects of art. A magnificent room, copied after a hall in the palace of Fontainebleau, contains the Bishop collection of Chi- nese jades, and in the adjoining room are exhibited medieval European arms and armor, including the Dino collection. Nearby are shown examples of the art of the countries of the Near East, in rugs, manuscripts, tiles, glass and other objects. The galleries containing the laces exhibit important specimens, among them the Blackborne collection, which includes over 600 examples. In the gold and silver rooms are collections of carv^ed and engraved gems, rare watches, a large collection of spoons, many military medals and decorations and other examples of the ancient and modern goldsmiths' art. The Crosby Brown col- lection of musical instruments is shown in five rooms. Chinese and Japanese ceramics are well represented, and one room con- tains the famous Morgan collection of Chinese porcelains. Other objects of art of Chinese and Japanese workmanship are shown in the adjoining gallery, including two beautiful screens. A col- lection of Japanese armor is in the gallery on the north side of the main stairway, while reproductions of metalwork from other museums and private collections are exhibited in the gallery on the south side of the stairway. The entire second floor of the northwest wing is given over to the exhibition of part of the Bolles collection of early American furniture and European fur- niture of the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries, arranged according to periods. In these rooms are also textiles and needlework of the same epoch, as well as other branches of industrial art. The paintings are arranged as nearly as possible according to schools, but several rooms contain entire collections of individual donors. The galleries exhibit works by old masters of the Italian, Dutch, Flemish, German, Spanish, English and French schools, as well as examples of modern artists. In October, 1913, Mr. Benjamin Altman died, leaving his Kiiii^'s Hozv to Sec AVtc York. 147' entire art collection to the Museum outright. The collection, valued at over $5,000,000, constituted the largest single gift ever received. It includes a large number of paintings, among them three by Frans Hals, 13 by Rembrandt and four by Hans Mem- ling, also many sculptures and bronzes. In addition there are about 406 pieces of Chinese porcelains, a large collection of snufif bottles in porcelain and hard stones, and other miscellaneous pieces, including the famous gold salt cellar by Benvenuto Cellini. An extensive library of books and photographs is at the dis- posal of the public during Museum hours, excepting Sundays. The ^Metropolitan Museum of Art is a private organization., incorporated April 13, 1870, occupying buildings owned by the city, which also contributes to the cost of maintenance. The corporation governs the exhibits. The Museum is free to the public, except Monday and Friday, when an admission fee of 25 cts. is charged. It is open on Sunday from 1 to 6 P. M. ; Saturday from 10 A. M. to 10 P. M., and on other days from 10 A. M. to 5 P. M. in winter, and from 10 A. M. to 6 P. M. in summer. Following the path north from the Museum along the drive, we pass the large reservoir, then the North Meadow, where in the summer there are hundreds of tennis courts in use. Just beyond, on the east of the drive, is McGown's Pass Tavern, a public restaurant. The Greenhouses to the east of McGown's Pass are open free to the public. Chrysanthemum and other floral exhibitions are occasionally held here. Fort Fish, on the hill to the north, overlooking the lake, was begun by Wash- ington's troops after the Battle of Long Island. The ancient road to Albany passed between the hill on which the Tavern stands and the hill on which the fort stood and around the west of the latter hill. Part of the Harlem Mere, at the foot of the hill, is part of an old pond. The pass was guarded by a tempo- rary fort on the hill and intrenchments along the road, some of which can. still be traced on the north side of the foot path. After the British landed on Manhattan Island, the troops on the eastern side of the island, north of Kip's Bay (35th St.), were hurried up this road, and Alexander Hamilton's Battery was- stationed on the hill to protect their retreat. The British fol- lowed so closely that Hamilton had barely time to get his guns down the hill and upon the Kingsbridge Road (now St. Nicholas Ave.), before the enemy occupied the hill. The British strength- ened the works and it was a fortified post throughout the Revo- lution. The Block House overlooking the Seventh Ave. entrance on the 110th St. side was erected during the War of 1812. 59tli to llOtk Street, West ROUTE, Siihimy, Cohimhus Circle up Central Park West to' iioth St. (Cathedral Parkway), to Amsterdam Ave., to io6th St., to Riverside Drive, to 72d St., to Broadicav, to Colum- bus Circle. As the distances in this chapter are considerable it is zvell to take the surface car north and the 'bus back. THE subway station is at Columbus Circle, which is at the intersection of Broadway, Eighth Ave. (called Central Park West between 59th and 110th Sts.) and W. 59th St. In the cen- tre of the circle is the tall rostrate column to Christopher Columbus, ornamented with bronze reliefs and crowned with the statue of the great discoverer. At the corner of the park is the new Maine Memorial to the heroes who lost their lives by the explosion which destroyed the battleship in Havana Harbor. It was erected by popular subscription. Northward this section is largely residential, with magnifi- cent apartment houses, private residences and hotels. On the -circle above 59th St. is Faust's Restaurant and Cafe, and at the corner of 60th St. is the Circle Theatre, now used for photo- plays. On the block on Central Park West, from 62d to 63d St., is "the new Century Theatre, the finest playhouse in America. It is owned by an association of which W. K. Vanderbilt is presidenj;, Clarence H. Mackay and W. B. O. Field are vice- presidents and Otto H. Kahn is treasurer. Grand opera and the best of dramatic plays are presented. On the block above are the buildings of the Society for Ethical Culture. They contain the offices, meeting-hall and schools of the society. At 68th St. is the marble building of the Second Christian Science Church. At TOth St. is the synagogue of the Jewish congregation, Shearith Israel, the oldest in America, organized in 1658. The first Jews in New York were descendants of the Spanish Jews, who, driven out of Spain by Ferdinand and Isabella, had gone to Portugal and then to the Netherlands, where there was religious liberty. The congregation and many of its members trace their descent to these early organizers. The block from 71st to 72d St. is occupied by the Hotel Majestic, one of the largest of the fash- ionable apartment hotels. On the north side of the street is the Dakota, one of the earliest of the fashionable apartment houses. On 73d St., just west of the park. General William T. Sherman lived, at No. 67. On Central Park West the Langham occupies the block from 73d to 74th St., the San Remo the block from 118 150 King's Hozi> to See Nezo York. 74th to 75th St. At the south corner of 76th St. is the Church •of the Divine Paternity, the chief UniversaHst Church in the city. On the block from 76th St. to 77th St. is the building of the New York Historical Society, organized 1804. This society has a library of over 70.000 volumes, a large number of relics, maps and illustrations, dealing with the city history, a collection of Egyptian antiquities and the Nineveh marbles. The building and collections can be seen by card of introduction from a member. AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATUKAL HISTORY. From 77th St. to 81st St. and Central Park West to Colum- bus Ave. is Manhattan Square, covering 18^/ acres and contain- ing the AMERICAN MUSEUM! OF "NATURAL HISTORY. The present building is only one side of the contemplated struc- ture and is already one of the largest museums of its kind in the world. The building, as planned, will occupy the entire square and will consist of a central structure, four sides similar to the side already completed and a wing each side of the cen- tral building, the whole to cost $20,000,000. The Museum was established in 1869 to promote the natural sciences and to dif- fuse a general knowledge of them among the people. The IMuseum exhibits collections illustrating life on land and King's Hozc to Sec AVic York. 151 sea from all regions of the earth — birds, fishes, mammals, in- sects, reptiles, woods of North America, primitive races of men and their arts— maintains a free public reference library and during the season from October to May provides various public evening lectures on science and travel. Among the especially noteworthy exhibits are the Morgan collection of gems and gem materials ;' the Jesup collection of North American v^oods ; habitat bird groups; collection of meteorites; sledges used by Rear- Admiral Peary and Captain Amundsen on their trips to the North and South Poles, respectively; collections illustrating the evolution of the horse; animals of the world, both past and present, including long extinct giant reptiles, and large and attractive collections illustrating the life and industries of the native races of the South Sea Islands. Philippine Islands. Asia, Africa. ^Mexico and South America, and especially the Eskimo and Indians of North America. The great collections and exhi- bitions of the Museum are the gifts of public-spirited citizens and friends. Nearly 4,000 members are now contributing to explora- tions in America and other parts of the world. This Museum is another example of the philanthropic spirit of the wealthy citi- zens of New York. While the city furnishes the building and contributes annually to the running expenses of the same, the exhibits are supplied by the trustees and friends of the Museum, who have also contributed to the permanent endowment fund, amounting to $2,500,000. The late ^Morris K. Jesup alone con- tributed $1,000,000 to this fund. The Museum is open free to the public every day of the year; week days, including legal holidavs, from 9 A. M. to 5 P. M., Sunday afternoons from 1 to 5. On Central Park West, from 81st to 82d St., is the Beresford Apartment House. ]\Iany large apartment houses have been erected during the last few years between 82d and 110th St., some having 12 to 14 stories and covering a whole block front. At 96th St is the Scotch Presbyterian Church, organized m 1756, and on the north side is the First Christian Scientist Church, a marble structure with a truncated pyramidal top. Between 99th and 100th >Sts. is the small Red Cross Hospital and Irammg School. At 106th St. is the General Memorial Hospital for the treatment of cancer. A residence south of 107th St. deserves passing notice on account of its Venetian architecture. We go west at 110th St. under the Elevated structure, where it curves from Columbus Ave. at a height of 60 ft., the highest point in the city, to Amsterdam Ave., passing the Woman's Hospital between Columbus and Amsterdam Aves. This hospital, estab- lished in 1857, treats diseases peculiar to women. 152 King's Hozv to See New York. Turning south at Amsterdam Ave., we pass, at 109th St., the offices and schools of the NATIONAL ACADEMY OF DESIGN, organized in 1826. This is the leading art organization in America, and its members bear the honorary title of N. A. (National Academician), or A. N. A. (Associate National Aca- demician), there being 141 of the former and 115 of the latter. The Academy holds an annual exhibition of new works by its members. This and other exhibitions are open to the public from 9 to 4. The art schools are free. On ]06th St., east of Amster- dam Ave., is the House for the Aged of the Little Sisters of the Poor (R. C), and on the south side of the block, extending through to 105th St., is the Home for Aged and Infirm Hebrews, with 320 inmates. We go west at 106th St. to Riverside Drive and Park. See Riverside Drive from a 'Bus. RIVERSIDE PARK ex- tends from 72d to 129th St.. has an area of 140 acres and at points rises to a height of 130 ft. above the river. The development of the park and the drive began after the interment of General Grant in 1885, and since then the drive has been lined by rows of high-class apartment houses and residences. The square-towered building at 108th St. is the residence of S. G. Bayne, bank president. At 106th St. is the eques- trian statue of General Franz Sigel. The iron building at 102d St., set back from the street, is the residence of ^Irs. B. M. Foster, widow of the inventor of the glove hook. At 100th St. is the Firemen's Memorial, erected in 1913 to commemorate the SOLDIERS AND SAILORS' ^^''^^'^ ^'^1' '^onJu%^^''\y th^ MONUMENT. firemen. At 90th St. was the If 5^ f 1 f Kiu(r's IIozv to See Nezv York. 153 RIVERSIDE PARK. Schwab residence at right. home of John Matthews, the manufacturer of soda water and fountains. The north side of 89th St. is the residence of the widow of Bishop Potter, and on the opposite corner is the residence of Scliinasi. the cigarette manufacturer. The statue of Washington, opposite, was a gift from the school children. The Soldiers and Sailors' Monument at 89th St. is a circular marble structure, erected in 1902 to the soldiers and sailors who saved the Union from 1861 to 1865. At the foot of 86th St. is the Columbia Yacht Club. On the block from 74th to 73d St. is the Charles M. Schwab Mansion, the finest residence in New York and one of the most beautiful city resi- dences in the world. The land cost $860,000 and the building cost $2,000,000 more. After the deaths of Mr. and Mrs. Schwab the building and ground are to become the property of the city. We go through 72d St. to Broadway. The things of chief interest on Broadway northward, all of which may be seen by taking the car at 72d St., are the Ansonia, on the west side* from 73d to 74th St., the Hotel Belleclaire, corner of 7Tth St., and the Apthorp, occupying the entire block from 78th to 79th St., on the west side. This enormous apart- ment house, one of the largest in the world, was built by the Astors. On the northwest corner of 79th St. is the First Baptist Church. The Wiirzburger Hofbriiu Restaurant is near 83d St. Bretton Hall is on the east side, from 85th to 86th St., Euclid Hall is opposite Bretton Hall, and the Belnord, another enor- mous apartment house, occupies the whole block from 86th to 87th St., Broadway to Amsterdam Ave. A new theatre, the only 154 King's How to See Nezv York. one on the west side between 66th and 125th Sts., is in course of erection at 97th St. Unter den Linden Restaurant, an open-air garden, is at 98th St., and Carleton Terrace is a similar place at 100th St. At No. 2342 Broadway, corner 85th St., is the store of Henry Nockin, established 1892, the oldest jewelry merchant on Broad- way. Here is the best stock of diamonds, watches and fine jewelry in this part of the city, many being imported direct by Mr. Nockin. There is nothing of interest on Amsterdam or Columbus Aves. except St. Agnes Chapel of Trinity Parish on 92d St., between the two avenues, and at the same street, at the corner of Amster- dam Ave., the M. E. Church Home for the Aged, with 110 inmates. At the southwest corner of 104th St. and Amsterdam Ave. is the Home for the Relief of the Destitute Blind, and on the opposite side of the avenue is the Home of the Association for the Relief of Respectable Aged Indigent Females in the City of New York, the ponderous title of a worthy charity, established in 1815. It accommodates 120. The open space where Broadway and Amsterdam Ave. cross from 71st to 73d St. is called Sherman Square. At 73d St. is the marble statue of Verdi, surrounded by some of his creations. Turning south on Broadway, the Hotel ]\Iarie Antoinette is at 67th St., and the Nevada opposite. On 68th St., east of Broad- way, is the New York College of Pharmacy. The block from 67th to 68th St. holds the Armory of the First Field Artillery. Opposite it, at No. 121 W. 68th St., is the Camera Club. The block on the west side, from 65th to 66th St.. is the Lincoln Sq. Theatre building, and on 65th St., west of Broadway, is the High School of Commerce, one of the public high schools. Opposite, at the corner of 66th St. and Columbus Ave., which here crosses Broadway, forming Lincoln Square, is Healy's Restaurant. Ad- joining-it, on 66th St., is the St. Nicholas Skating Rink. Oppo- site the latter is the Armory of the First Hospital Company. On the same block, near Central Park, is Durland's Riding Academy. On 63d St., facing the little square at the junction of Broad- way and Columbus Ave., is the Hotel Empire, and adjoining it on Broadway, at 62d St., is Keith's Colonial Theatre, a high- class vaudeville house. There are numerous automobile con- cerns in this part of Broadway, the east side of the street being monopolized by this industry. Through 62d St., at Columbus Ave., may be seen the Armory of Twelfth Regiment. At 59th St. we are again at Columbus Circle and can take the subway or continue southward on the 'bus. llOtk to 130tli Street ROUTE.— iioth St., Cathedral Parlcnvy Stibz^'ay Station to Am- sterdam Ave., 114th St., Broadzvay, 116 St., to Moniingside Park, to I22d St., to Amsterdam Ave., to 120th St., to River- side Drive, 130th St. Ferry Car to Lcxiuoton Ave. and 125th St., to Lexington Ave., i2yth St., Second Ave.. 125th St., first Ave., 116th St. Car to iioth St. "L" Station. GOING east on Cathedral Parkway to Amsterdam Ave., we pass the lower end of Morningside Park, which extends from 110th to 123d St. The top of the bluff is about 100 ft. above the olain. Xorth of 110th St. is the P. E. CATHEDRAL OF ST. JOHN THE DIVINE, begun in 1892 and requiring 40 to 50 years more to complete. The cost so far has been $3,500,0Q0, and it is estimated that a like amount will be required for its com- pletion. The crypt, which was quarried out of the solid rock, the choir and two of the seven chapels which are to surround it are completed and services are held in them at 8 and 11 A. M. and 4 P. M. and are open to visitors at other times. In the crypt is the Tiffany Chapel, and in the choir are eight Barbcrini tapes- tries made in Rome in 1633. The building will be 520 ft. long, 170 ft. wide and 290 ft. across the transepts. Height of central spire, 445 ft.; front towers, 245 ft.; length of nave, 180 ft.; height of chancel vault, 115 ft. The grounds also contain the bishop's house, Choir School at 110th St. and Morningside Ave., Deaconess' Home on 110th St., and Synod Hall, Amsterdam Ave., cor. 110th St. All of the Cathedral now built is from the designs of Heins & LaFarge. Mr. Ralph A. Cram, who was made supervising architect in 1911, has prepared new plans which are now under consideration. They call for a purely Gothic structure with two slender towers instead of one massive one. The walls in the arches are only temporary. Opposite the Cathedral, at No. 1060 Amsterdam Ave., is the P. E. Home for Old Men and Aged Couples, with 60 inmates. The small stone building on the southwest corner of 113th St. is a gate house of the water system. On the block from 113th to 114th St. is the beautiful marble building of St. Luke's Hospital, with 300 beds, many of them free, and two separate tuberculosis wards. It is a Protestant Episcopal institution, but unsectarian in its activities. At 114th St. and Broadway is the St. Luke's l.j.j King's Hoiv to See Nezv York. 157 Home for Aged Women, with 85 inmates, on the southeast corner, and the Broad Presbyterian Church on the northwest. The tract from 114th St. to 120th St.. between Amsterdam Ave. and Broadway, belongs to COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. North of 116th St. stands the Low Library Building, costing $1,200,000, the gift of Seth Low. The building, considered to be the purest example of classic Greek architecture in Amer- ica, is the center of the group of buildings constituting the Uni- versity. The library has about 550,000 volumes. In front of the library is the library terrace, laid out in Italian style. The build- ing plan contemplates a group of 15 buildings, nine of which are already erected. These are Livingston. Hartley and Hamil- ton Halls on the Amsterdam Ave. side south of 116th St. The (Pulitzer) Journalism Building, and Furnald Hall on the Broad- way side south of 116th St.; the Kent Hall, Philosophy Build- ing, Avery Building and Fayerweather Hall north of 116th St.; Schermerhorn and Havemeyer Hall and the University Hall north of the Library, the Engineering Hall, Earl Hall and the School of Mines on the Broadway side. To the east of the Library is St. Paul's Chapel, and to the west is the Faculty Club. On the north side of 120th St. is the Teachers College, with the Horace Mann School adjoining on Broadway. Barnard College is on the west side of Broadway. This college for women com- prises three halls — Milbank Hall, facing 119th St., and Fiske and Brinckerhoff Halls on the sides. Barnard and the Teachers Col- lege are parts of Columbia University. The other schools that form the University are Columbia College, College of Physicians and Surgeons, schools of Political Science, Philosophy and Pure Science, College of Pharmacy and the schools of law, mines, engineering and chemistry, fine arts, journalism, the summer school and extension teaching. There are altogether over 10,000 stu- dents, including summer session and extension courses and about 850 instructors. The college was founded as King's College in 1754. the original charter being granted by King George II. Going east on 116th St. to Morningside Park, we see the statue of Carl Schurz, the German-American statesman and soldier. Walking north along the park to 122d St., we come to the block house which, with the one in Central Park, is one of the only two remaining of a series of such structures built during the War of 1812 to guard the city from attack from the north. The ground covered by Columbia University, to the edge of the blufif, was the site of the Battle of Harlem Heights, fought on September 16, 1776. A bronze tablet on the Broadway side of the Colum- bia buildings, between 117th and 118th Sts., commemorates the 158 King's How to See New York. event. Turning south on Amsterdam Ave., the College Bookstore is in Whittier Hall, corner 120th St. Going west on 120th St., we pass Teachers College and Horace J\lann School, on the corner of Broadway. Across Broadway, on the south side of the street, is Barnard College. From 120th St. to 122d St., and going back to Claremont Ave., is the Union Theological Seminary, founded in 1836, for the training of Presbyterian ministers. It is affiliated with the N. Y. University, being independent of ecclesi- astical control. At the corner of Claremont Ave. and 122d St. is GRANT'S TOMB. Claremont Inn. the D. Willis James Memorial Chapel. On 123d Si,, west of Amsterdam Ave., is the Jewish Theological Seminarv. Near the upper end of Riverside Park is GRANT'S TOMB, begun April 27, 1891; corner-stone laid April 27, 1892, and dedi- cated April 27, 1897. The monument covers a square of 90 ft.; it is 72 ft. high, surmounted by a circular cupola 70 ft. high. The apex is 280 ft. above the river, the whole presenting a ma- jestic appearance from whatever side it is seen. The sarcophagus is a single piece of red granite bearing the name Ulysses S. Grant, supported by a granite pedestal. A similar sarcophagus along- side contains the remains of his widow. The cost of the tomb King's How to See New York. 159 was $600,000, col- lected by popular subscription. It also contains many battle flags and other relics. Admission free from 10 A. M. to 5 P. M. Behind the IMonument are a Japanese o'uigko or maid- enhair tree and a Chinese cork- tree, sent by Li Hung Chang, the Chinese states- man. An appro- priate bronze tab- let is placed at the side. A little beyond the tomb is the Claremont Inn. The building is supposed to haye been erected by Dr. Post as a summer home be- fore the Revolu- tion. After the Revolution it was occupied for a time by George Pollack, a New . .„ , r York merchant, the grave of whose child is still preserved a few feet from the house. In 1809 the British minister hved here_. In 1812 it was the residence of the Earl of Devon, and m 181o Joseph Bonaparte lived here as the Count Surveilliers. At the end of the park is a steel viaduct over the Alanhattan- ville Valley, connecting with the Riverside Drive Extension. A stairway leads to Alanhattan St., where we take the cross- town car. which goes through Manhattan St. to 125th St., then east to First Ave., passing under the two steel viaducts, one for Riverside Drive, the other at Broadway for the subway. At Ao. SHEFFU-LlJ iAKMS-SLAWSON DECKER CO. 160 King's How to See Nezv York. 170, just east of Broadway, is the uptown plant of the Sheffield Farms-Slawson Decker Co., where they have a complete and up-to-date plant for pasteurizing, bottling, testing and generally handling, similar to their main plant on 57th St. One Hundred and Twenty-fifth St. is the principal business street of Harlem, and at night it is Harlem's "Gay White Way." The theatres on the street are the West End, near St. Nicholas Ave. (popular-price drama) ; Hurtig & Seaman's, near Seventh Ave.; Keith's Harlem Opera House, at No. 205; Alhambra, Seventh Ave., north of 125th St. (good vaudeville); Seventh Ave., Sev- enth Ave., south of 125th St. (vaudeville and photoplays) ; Proctor's, near Lexington Ave. (vaudeville) ; Gotham, near Third Ave. (burlesque). Other notable places are Pabst's Har- lem Cafe Restaurant, opposite Hurtig & Seaman's Theatre; the Winthrop apartment house, corner of Seventh Ave. ; Koch's department store, between Lenox and Seventh Aves. ; Harlem Branch of Y. M. C. A., near Madison Ave., and the structure carrying the N. Y. Central & Hudson River R. R. and N. Y., N.. H. & H. R. R. on Park Ave., there being a station at this point. The Harlem Savings Bank is near Lexington Ave. Going up Lexington Ave. at 127th St., there is a large Boys' Hotel, conducted by the Children's Aid Society, and opposite it is the Harlem Eye and Ear Infirmary. We go to Second Ave., where is Sulzer's Harlem River Park and Casino, a summer outing place and dance hall. Turn south to 125th St. and east to First Ave. and the Manhattan end of Willis Ave. Bridge. Going south on First Ave., on 123d St., east of the avenue, is the New^ York Home for homeless boys. The large building seen at the foot of the street is the City Hospital on Randall's Island, in the East River. On E. 116th St., just east of First Ave., is the Home Garden Settlement. We take the crosstown car west and pass the Sydenham Hospital, near First Ave., the East Harlem 'Church and neighborhood center, and Grace Emmanuel P. E. Church, between Second and Third Aves. At Fifth Ave. is the Mt. Morris Theatre. At Seventh Ave. are several fine apartment houses and the new Regent Theatre, the finest photoplay house in the country. On 115th St., west of Seventh Ave., is the Wad- ieigh High School for girls. The square brick structure at Eighth Ave. has an elevator for the "L" station. The car turns into Manhattan Ave. and passes at 114th St. a statue of Washington and Lafayette, a replica of the statue erected in Paris. We leave the car at 110th St. "L" station. Note. — Lenox, Seventh and St. Nicholas Aves. have some fine apartment houses, but little else of interest. 130tli Street to Kingstridge ROUTE.-^iSSth St. and Lenox Ave. Subway, 135th St., Seventh Ave to 128th St., Amsterdam Ave., 131st St., Convent Ave., 145th St., Amsterdam Ave., 155th St., Broadway, 156th St., Edgecombe Ave., 163d St., Amsterdam to Fort George, to Dyckman St. Subzcay, to Kingsbridge (225th St.), return via Broadway to Dyckman St., Lafayette Boulevard, Fort JVash- ington Ave. to 165th St., to Broadwciv, to i68th St. Stibivay. ONE block north of 135th St., on Lenox Ave., is Harlem Hos- pital, a branch of Bellevue Hospital. We go west to Sev- enth Ave., then south, passing St. Aloysius R. C. Church on 132d St., Calvary M. E. Church on 129th St. and New York Presbyte- rian Church on 128th St. Turning west here to Amsterdam Ave., St. Mary's P. E. Church, organized in 1828, is just west of the avenue, on Lawrence St. On the same block is tlie Speyer School, really a social settlement with schools, kindergarten, clubs, reading-room, gymnasium, etc. Going up Amsterdam Ave., at 129th St. is the Sheltering Arms, a temporary home for chil- dren, having 190 inmates. At 131st St. is the Knickerbocker Hospital, formerly called J. Hood Wright Hospital, a free hos- pital with dispensary and ambulance. Turning east on 131st St. and north on Convent Ave., we pass on the higher ground the large Convent of the Sacred Heart. It is a school for girls, hav- ing about 300 pupils, mostly boarders. This is one of the oldest and best-known convent schools in the country. At 135th St. and Convent Ave. is the Orphan Asvlum of the P. E. Church, with 110 inmates. The block from 136th to 138th St., Amsterdam Ave. to Broadway, is occupied by the Hebrew Orphan Asylum, incorporated in 1822. It accommodates 1,000 inmates. Erom 138th to 140th St. is the COLLEGE OE THE CITY OE XEW YORK, founded 1847 as the Eree Academy and now part of the public educational system, and is the largest school under municipal control in the world. It has about 7,000 students and 235 instructors, and costs about $250,000 a year for its main- tenance. The group of buildings on the grounds cost $4,000,000. The block southeast of the college grounds has recently been purchased by an admirer of the college and presented to the city for an athletic field for the students. In the main building is a large hall used for lectures and concerts, containing a large organ on which recitals are frequently given on Sunday after- IGl 162 King's Hozv to See Nezu York. ■ ^'M^- COLLEGE OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK. noon. At 141st St. and Convent Ave., is St. Luke's P. E. Church, an offshoot of St. Luke's Chapel in Hudson St. Adjoining it, now used as a school, is Hamilton Grange, the home of Alexan- der Hamilton at the time of his duel with Aaron Burr. The 13 historic trees which he planted were recently destroyed, and the apartment house at the southwest corner of 143d St. and Con- vent Ave. is on their site. His house stood here originally. At 145th St. and Convent Ave. is the Washington Heights Baptist Church, and opposite is a mission of St. Matthews Lutheran Church. West 145th St. is the principal cross street in this part of the city and the only one cut through and built up between 129th and 155th Sts. We return on this street to Amsterdam Ave. and continue northward. At 153d St. and Amsterdam Ave. is the Washington Heights M. E. Church. From 153d to 155th St. is Trinity Church Ceme- tery, opened in 1843. Many old New York families, whose vaults in the churchyard are filled, have vaults here. On the Broadway side of the cemetery is the beautiful new edifice for the Chapel of the Intercession of Trinity Parish. On 155th St., opposite the cemetery, is the Washington Heights branch of the Y. \l. C. A. North of Trinity Cemetery, from 155th to 158th St., west of Broadway, is Audubon Park, a private park, containing the house in which' the naturalist Audubon lived from 1841 to 1851. The old house near the river was the end-station of the telegraph to King's Hozv to See Nezv York. 163 Philadelphia, where Morse received the first telegraphic message from that city in 1843. Large apartment houses now cover part of the park. Between l^oth and 156th Sts., near Broadway, is a group of prominent buildings. The American Geographical Society, on the corner of ir)()th St. and Broadway, has a library of 45,000 volumes and a collection of 30,000 maps open to the public. The Hispanic Society, occupying the center building on an elevation, has a library of 75,000 volumes, dealing with Spain, Portugal and Latin America. Card of admission obtainable by application to the librarian. Adjoining this on the west is the American Numismatic Society, with a large collection of coins and medals and a library of 3,000 volumes. The collections are displayed in the society museum, which is open to the public. On 156th St., still nearer the river, is the Spanish R. C. Church of Our Lady of Esperanza, standing on a large rock. Going east on 156th St., we reach, at Edgecombe Ave., the Central Bridge viaduct over the Harlem River. Here is the beginning of the Speedway, a stretch 2>^ miles long and from 100 to 150 ft. wide, used exclusively for fast driving. Nearly five years were spent in its construction, the cost being $3,000,000. From 157th St. to 159th St., between the Speedway and Eighth Ave., are the Polo Grounds baseball field, the home of the "Giants" of the National League Club. Going up Edgecombe Ave. to 160th St., we reach the Jumel Mansion, one of the most interesting of the historic buildings in the city. It was erected by Col. Roger Morris in 1756. Morris later married iNIary Philipse, who once rejected Wash- ington's suit. After the Battle of Long Island, Washington made this his headquarters, and on Sept. 18, 1776, Nathan Hale started from here on his disastrous journey. The house became the headquarters of Sir Henry Clinton and Baron Kuyphansen dur- ing the Revolution. Confiscated by the State Government in 1785, it was sold to John Jacob Astor. In 1810 it became the property of Stephen Jumel, whose widow later married Aaron Burr. The Jumels were French, and every notable French personage who visited the city was their guest. Among these were Lafayette, Joseph and Jerome Bonaparte and Louis Napoleon. It is now a museum of Revolutionary relics, under the charge of the Daughters of the American Revolution. Open free from 9 to 5. Going northward on Amsterdam Ave., we pass the small high- service reservoir holding 11,000,000 gallons, a pumping station and water tower to supply buildings on Washington Heights. High Bridge, at 175th St., is the support for the old Croton Aqueduct, the pipes being bricked over to form the foot walk across the bridge. At 180th St. and the Harlem River is a pump- 164 King's Hozv to See Neiv York. ing station for the new aqueduct which passes under the river in a huge siphon. At 181st St. is the Washington Bridge. At 190th St. is the Isabella Heimath, a home for the aged, infirm and convalescent, established by Oswald Ottendorfer, for many years owner and editor of the Nezv-Yorker Staats-Zeitnng. The home has 175 beds. It is free, patients bein^ accepted without regard to creed or nationality. North of the Isabella Heimath is Fort George, a summer pleasure resort. The top of the hill is the site of Baxter's Redoubt, which was captured by Cornwallis before the attack upon Fort Washington. The British strength- ened it and called it Fort George. A few years ago, while dig- ging the foundation for one of the structures on top of the hill, some bones, parts of military uniforms, bullets, etc., were found. It is supposed that they were the remains of the patriotic defend- ers of the redoubt. A new subway station has recently been opened at 190th St. The station is 30 ft. below the level of St. Nicholas Ave., which is here 40 ft. above the level of Broadway. Instead of digging down from above, an opening was made into the side of the hill at Broadway and an underground street was formed from Broadway to the station. We walk around the edge of the hill and down the steep Fort George Ave., at the rear of the amusement park, to Broadway. This hill road is much used in automobile hill-climbing contests. We can take the subway here, where it emerges and goes north- ward as an elevated structure. There is little of interest north of Dyckman St., however, except the views on the Bronx side of the river. These can be seen about as well from the vicinity of Dyckman St. The large group at the south, nearly opposite D3xkman St., is N. Y. University and Hall of Fame ; the next large building to the north is Webb Academy and Home for Shipbuilders, and next is the R. C. Orphan Asylum. All are described in the Bronx chapter. The subway crosses the Harlem Ship Canal on an upper level of the ship canal bridge. This canal was cut through Marble Hill at the extreme northern point of Manhattan Island to make a straighter and deeper channel from the Hudson to the Harlem River. It enables vessels draw- ing nine feet of water to pass from the Hudson to the Sound without the necessity of going around the Battery, a saving of 20 miles. Marble Hill is now an island nearly circular in form, 1,500 ft. in diameter. The top is the site of the revolutionary Fort Prince. If we do not take the subway northward we walk west on Dyckman St. to Broadway, formerly called Kingsbridge Road, the old highway to Albany. Just north of Dyckman St. is an old Dutch farmhouse, built soon after the Revolution, King's Hozv to See Nezv York. 165 occupied by a descendant of the Dutch farmer Hans Dyckman, who settled here about 1680. Dyckman St. leads to the village of Inwood on the Hudson. Near the river, north of Dyckman St.. is the House of Mercy, a P. E. reformatory for girls. A short distance below Dyckman St. is Elwood St., a narrow street which curves around the edge of the hill to Fort Washington Ave. on top of the ridge. Near 198th St. is Abbey Inn, a famous restaurant. It was an abbey from 1845 to 1895. Just beyond is the magnificent estate of C. K. G. Billings. In front is a tablet on the site of Fort Tyron, the northern out-work of the fort, and in memory of Margaret Crobin, the first American woman to take a soldier's part in the war for liberty. On the opposite side of the street is a residence, once the home of William ^I. Tweed, later of W. L. Libby, at one time partner of A. T. Stewart. It was long known as Libby Castle. The revolutionary Fort Washington, which was captured by the British in November, 1776, stood in this vicinity. A tablet at about 184th St. marks the site of a redoubt at one angle of the fort. The land back of the monu- ment is the highest point on Manhattan Island. It belongs to James Gordon Bennett, owner of the New York Herald. At 179th St. is Holyrood P. E. Church, in which many revolutionary relics found in the vicinity are preserved. At 177th St., near Riverside Drive Extension (Boulevard Lafayette), is Arrowhead Inn. Be- tween the drive and the river is Fort Washington Park, a bit of wild woodland on a rocky blufif overlooking the river. At 169th St. is the new Armory of the 22d Engineers. At 165th St. is the N. Y. INSTITUTION FOR THE INSTRUCTION OF THE DEAF AND DUMB, founded in 1817, with DeWitt Clinton, a former Governor of the State, as its first president. It is a private corporation, but is employed by the State under the direc- tion of the Commissioner of Education to educate deaf children of the State. It is free to deaf children who are residents of the State. It has courses from kindergarten to academic, also in trades by which the deaf are fitted so that when pupils have completed the course they are able to be self-supporting. It is the only military school for the deaf in the world and has a fine band composed of pupils. It has 54 instructors and over 500 pupils of both sexes. We turn west here to Broadway, passing on the corner the new Audubon Theatre, one of the largest in the city, seating over 2,300. Just east of Broadway is Washing- ton Heights Hospital. At 168th St. is the subway station. At 131st St., east of the subwav, where it emerges to cross the Man- hattan Valley, is Manhatta'n College, a R. C. institution giving collegiate courses leading to the degrees of B.A. and B.S. Bronx Borougk THE Borough of the Bronx, which is on the main line to the north and northeast of Alanhattan, is the only borough not situated on an island. It is connected more closely with Man- hattan geographically and was, until January 1, 1914, politically, than any of the other boroughs. It is now, however, a separate county, each borough of the city being also a county of the State. Almost one-sixth, or about 4,000 acres of the total area, is devoted to parks and parkways. This area is more than the combined park area of all the other boroughs. Through the center of the Bronx, on high ground, runs the Grand Boulevard and Con- course, an avenue 300 ft. wide, which starts at 161st St. and runs to Alosholu Parkway, connecting the entire system of parks. This is the finest driveway and boulevard in the city of New York and in connection with the drive through Pelham Parkway, Mosholu Parkway, Bronx Park, Pelham Park and Van Cortlandt Park, makes one of the finest drives in the city. VAN CORTLANDT PARK, in the northwest, contains 1,132 acres and is the second in size of the city parks. It can be most readily reached by the Broadway subway, the Putnam division of the N. Y. C. R. R., from the "L" terminal at Eighth Ave. and 155th St., or by trolley. It has a lake covering 25 acres, a large parade ground, golf links, athletic field, etc. The old Van Cort- landt Mansion, an ante-revolutionary stone building used by Washington as a headquarters, is still standing near the termi- nal of the subway. It is now a historical museum, open free daily until sundown. West of the park, on the bank of the Hudson, is Mount St, Vincent Academy, a noted convent school, conducted by Sisters of Charity. The grounds were once owned by Edwin Forrest, the actor, who built here a miniature castle. Adjoining Van Cortlandt Park on the east is Woodlawn Cemetery, 396 acres, between Jerome and Webster Aves., from 211th to 233d Sts., the burial ground of many wealthy New York families. It contains a number of handsome monuments and mausoleums and the graves of manv famous Americans. Here are buried Admiral Farragut, Jav Gould, Henry ^I. Flagler, Gail Borden, Marshall O. Roberts, Collis P. Huntington, R. H. Macy, Lt. -Commander DeLong, the unfortunate Arctic explorer, D. B. Fayerweather, William E. Dodge and others who were famous in the financial and commercial world. At the corner of Woodlawm Ave. and Gun Hill Road, near the 166 King's Hoic to Sec Xciu York. 161 i ?^^ m H 1. ^ ^ "^^^B ZOOLOGICAL i'AUK. southern end of the cemetery, is the Montefiore Home, a hos- pital especially equipped for chronic invalids and consumptives in the advanced stage. Prior to 1913, when the new buildings, with room for 450 patients, were occupied, it was located at l?,8th St. and Broadway. E.stablished in 1884 as a Hebrew charity, it became a city institution in January, 1914, and receives incurables of both sexes discharged from the city hospitals. BROXX PARK, connected with Van Cortlandt Park by Mosholu Parkway, contains 719 acres, lies on both sides of Bronx River from 180th St. to 20.'3th St. and is divided by the river and bv Pelham Ave. into four sections. The ZOOLOGICAL PARK occupies the southwest section, contains 264 acres and is in charge of the Xew York Zoological Society, which has here the largest zoological collection in the world, containing over 5,000 living animals representing over 1.200 species. Here is one of the chief herds of Ajnerican bison, a fine collection of reptiles, a mammoth open-air aviary, etc. There are in all 14 large animal buildings, and 10 smaller ones, also 14 large groups of outdoor dens, aviaries and corrals. About 1.500,000 people annually visit the park, which is free except on Monday and Thursday, when a charge of 25 cts. is made. By reciprocal arrangement between the city and the society, the city furnishes the land and the maintenance funds, the society furnishing the collections. The society receives the exclusive use of the gardens on Monday and Thursday, except holidays, but may charge non-members on these days an admis- sion fee. This park is best reached by the West Farms branch of the subway to the end of the line. The BOTAXICAL GARDEXS, 250 acres, occupy the north- west section of the park. They contain large greenhouses, with a remarkable collection of products from the vegetable world. 168 King's Hoiv to See New York. including many tropical species. Facina^ the palm house is the ^luseum, containing an extensive collection. Both are open from 10 to 4; admission free. On the east side of the river is a liemlock grove, and on the bank of the river the Lorillard Alansion, where the Bronx Society of Arts and Sciences exhibits various interesting collections in relation to the Bronx, together with lithographs, etc., from the collection of J. Clarence Davies. Adjoining the Botanical Gardens on the west is Fordham University at 190th St. and Third* Ave., conducted by the Jesuit Fathers. It has courses leading to the degrees of B.A., B.S., and lias in addition a medical and a law school. Here also is Ford- ham Hospital, allied with Bellevue. The Law School is located at No. 140 Nassau St. From Bronx Park, the Bronx and Pelham Parkway leads east to PELHA:\I BAY PARK, largest of the city parks, containing 1,756 acres. This park, lying on the northeast end of the city, on Long Island Sound, has picturesque bays and inlets, much wood- land, playgrounds, a golf course, etc. It is one of the largest and most beautiful municipal parks in the world. It is a delight- ful place for a day's outing, but if time is limited it would hardly repay the time required to reach and visit it. It is best reached by the N. Y., N. H. & H. R. R. R. from 133d St. Station to Bay- ■chester, Bartow or Pelham Stations. From the Bartow Station is a monorail line running to City Island, where boating and ■fishing on the Long Island Sound may be had. At the Van Nest Station is the New York Catholic Protec- tory, a home for destitute and delinquent Catholic children under 16 years of age. It has about 4,500 inmates, most of whom have been committed by police magistrates. Almost due east of this is Throgg's Neck, at the extreme end of which is Fort Schuyler. The fortifications, begun in 1833, are now antiquated and the reservation, which contained 52 acres, is used as a training sta- tion for recruits for the United States Army. It can be reached •only bv a long walk or carriage ride. CROTONA PARK, the fourth in size in the Bronx, is be- tween Boston Road and Third Ave., south of Tremont Ave., or 177th St. It contains athletic grounds, tennis courts, etc. At the northwest corner is the Bronx Borough Hall. Near the southwest corner, at 170th St. and Fulton Ave., is the Bronx Church House, a social center. At 166th St. and Boston Road is the Morris High School, which accommodates 4,000 students and has nearly 150 instructors, one (ft the most beautiful educa- tional buildings in the city. It faces a narrow street and the beauty of its majestic fagade is lost, but its Victorian tower can King's Hozv to Sec ^ezv York. 169 i' m:\v V(.i:k university and hall of fame. be seen for miles. At Franklin Ave., one block west, is the armory of the Second Field Artillery, N. G., N. Y. At 161st St. and Third Ave. is the new Bronx County Court House, contain- ing offices of the new county. West of Crotona Park is Claremont Park, with an elevation of 100 ft. in places. It contains many tennis courts, baseball diamonds and the old Zybrowski Mansion, now used as the offices of the Park Department. A short distance v/est is the Grand Boulevard and Concourse. Following this northward, Poe Park, from 192d to 194th St., is reached. It is interesting only from its association with the poet Edgar Allan Poe, who wrote "The Raven'' in the little cottage opposite. A picture of a raven is painted over the attic window. Turning w^estward on 194th St. and Kingsbridge Road, we reach, at Sedgwick Ave., the R. C. ORPHAN ASYLUM on the heights overlooking the Harlem River. It has about 1,000 boys and girls, who are cared for and given an elementary school education. It was organized in 1817 and for many years occu- pied the plot on Madison Ave., north of St. Patrick's Cathedral. A short distance to the south, at Sedgwick Ave. and 188th St., is WEBB'S ACADEMY and Home for Shipbuilders, established by the will of W. H. Webb, a shipbuilder, as a home for aged ship- builders and a school where this profession mav be taught. To the south, at Sedgwick Ave. and 180th St., is NEW 170 King's Hozu to See New York. YORK UNIVERSITY. The college campus covers about 40 acres and contains a number of buildings, the most prominent being the HALL OF FAME for Great Americans, a circular granite colonnade 500 ft. in length, built about the library and holding 150 panels for bronze tablets containing the names of great Americans. In 1900, 29 names were chosen, and in 1905 eleven more were selected, and five in 1910. Five names are to be selected every five years, the judges being a committee of 100 persons prominent as educators, publicists, editors, authors, chief justices, etc. It was a gift of jMiss Helen Gould, who gave $100,000 for the purpose. The last three institutions may be best reached by train from 155th St. and Eighth Ave., or Grand Central Station. In the southern section of the Bronx are many large manufac- turing establishments, one of the finest of which is the plant of the Ward Baking Company at Southern Boulevard and St. ^lary St. This is the largest and finest bread bakery in the world. Upon application at the office a guide will show visitors many inter- esting points. In this plant the flour and other raw materials are received in the basement direct from a private track. Here the flour is first blended to make the best bread and then con- veyed to the top floor, where it is sifted to remove all impuri- ties and then passes into automatic weighing machines which stop the flow of flour the moment the correct amount has been received. From this machine the flour passes to the mixers and then into large tanks, where the dough rises. When fully risen, it passes through kneading machines and is then cut into loaves by another automatic machine and passes over a long series of belts, where it rises slightly before being put in the pans, after which it is allowed to rise in a special room maintained at an even temperature, from which it passes direct to the huge ovens and then to the shipping department. The entire operation is mechanical and the bread is not handled at any point in the process. "Cleanliness" is the watchword throughout. and_ the building is a veritable temple of snow-white cleanliness within and without. Southern Boulevard car. from 129th St. and Third Ave., is the best way of reaching this bakery. The company oper- ates another large bakery in Brooklyn as well as plants in Boston, Providence, Pittsburg, Cleveland, Chicago, having 14 plants in all and a new one now under construction at Newark, N. J. Northeast of this, at Hunt's Point Road, is Joseph Rodman Drake Park, in which the poet is buried. Over 70 piano factories and 10 piano supplies factories are in the lower part of the borough. Brooklyn Borougk BROOKLYN Borough consists of the old city of Brooklyn. In population it is second of the five boroughs and. if a separate city, would be third in the Union. It was settled in 1623, incorporated a city in 1834 and made part of Greater Xew York in 1898. It is a city of homes, with 27.'),000 school chil- dren, yet it has 5,000 factories, which produced, in 1910, goods valued at $800,000,000. It has long been known as the "City of Churches," having over 500. The BROOKLYN NAVY YARD, on the East River, is the principal naval station of the country. The main entrance is at Navy and Sands St., best reached by Flushing Ave. car from Brooklyn Bridge. Admission is free by pass, obtainable by appli- cation at the gate; visiting hours, 10 to 4, except Sundays and holidays. It covers an area of about 144 acres, with a water- front of nearly three miles. Most of the buildings are machine shops, store houses and ofiices. There are also huge barracks and the residences of the yard officials. The U. S. Naval Lyceum near the entrance has a large historical museum and library. Near the Lyceum is Trophy Park, a small grass plot containing NAVY YAKD. Battleship Utah in large Dry Dock. 171 172 King's Hozu to See Nezu York. a monument to sailors killed in an attack upon a Chinese fort, and a number of guns captured in various naval battles. There are three dry docks, the largest being 657 ft. long, 64 ft. wide at the bottom and 70 ft. at the top and 29 ft. deep. A traveling crane, capable of lifting 100 tons, is one of the interesting sights. Visitors are usually permitted to inspect the ships except when loading powder or while undergoing repairs. The new battleship New York, which will be the largest and most power- ful vessel in the Navy, was launched here October 30, 1912. To the east of the Navy Yard is the Naval Hospital, with accommodations for 500 patients. GREENWOOD CEMETERY is one of the most beautiful cemeteries in the world. It covers an area of 475 acres, and since it was opened in 1842 about 315,000 bodies have been interred therein. It is about 2^ miles from Brooklyn Bridge and is best reached by Fifth Ave. "L" road. Carriages at the main entrance make the tour of the cemetery every hour ; fare, 25c. (stop-over privileges). Each full-sized burial lot contains 378 square feet, giving space for 15 graves, and the prices range from $400 to $1,000 a lot. The grounds are hilly and magnifi- cent monuments and tombs cover the tops of the elevated places. The Pilot's Monument, erected in 1846 by the pilots of New York in memory of Thomas Freeborn, one of their members, can be seen from the ships entering the harbor. The Brooklyn Thea- tre Fire Victims' Alonument covers the remains of 105 unrec- ognized victims of that calamity. The most famous monument is the one erected over the grave of Charlotte Cauda, a New York girl, who was killed in an accident on her 17th birthday. A triangular monument covers the remains of Samuel F. B. Morse, the inventor of the telegraph. The Sea Captains' Monu- ment, covering the grave of Captain John Correja, is a statue of the captain holding the sextant he used while at sea. Among those buried here are Horace Greeley, James Gordon Bennett, Peter Cooper, Elias Howe. Henry George, Henry Ward Beecher, DeWitt Clinton, A. S. Scribner, John Matthews, etc.^ Soldiers' ]\Ionument, erected by the city of New York to the memory of the soldiers who fell in the Civil War, is on Battle Hill, the site of the first engagement in the Battle of Long Island. Lord Sterling's force, consisting mainly of Pennsylva- nia, Maryland and Delaware troops, was stationed on this and neighboring hills. When the main force of the British fell upon the rear of Sullivan's force, the British Gen. Grant marched forward and the Americans retreated to Gowanus Creek, where they were attacked by Cornwallis. Sterling was captured with King's Hoii' to See New York. 173 many of his troops and others were drowned trying to escape. PROSPECT PARK lies to the north of Greenwood Ceme- tery, reached by Flatbush Ave. cars from Brooklyn Bridge. It has 'an area of 526 acres, and the parade grounds adjoining it have an area of 39^^ acres. It resembles the upper part of Central Park in its hills and vales and wild beauties. The Plaza, the main entrance to Prospect Park, is marked by a soldiers and sailors' arch, surmounted by a bronze group reprcscntina the Chariot of Victory led by heralds of peace. The arch is hollow and a staircase leads to the top. Open to the public. Sev- eral other monuments, mostly of local celebri- ties, are in and around the park. A magnificent view of the bay and the surrounding country can be obtained from the top of Lookout Hill. On the slope of this hill is a marble shaft, erected by the Maryland Society of the Sons of the Ameri- can Revolution to the memory of 400 Maryland troops who defended the rear of the American Army on their retreat after the Battle of Long Island. Battle Pass, on the carriage road, a short distance from the Plaza, is the pass on the Flatbush road, which was guarded by General Sullivan when the British fell upon his rear and scattered the main body of Americans. A tablet marks the site. The Battle of Long Island was the most impor- tant historical event that occurred in the territory of what is now Brooklyn. As a result of the defeat of the Americans, they lost New York and did not regain possession until peace was declared. The BROOKLYN INSTITUTE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES, on the Eastern Parkway side of Institute Park, which adjoins Prospect Park, is a museum of natural history. It bears the same relation to the borough as the two great museums in Manhattan. The citv furnishes the land and maintenance, while the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences furnishes the exhibits. This organization consists of a number of departments covering almost every branch of science and art. It was organ- ized in 1823 as an apprentices' library society and reorganized AKCH. rrospcct Park. 174 King's Hozv to See New York. in 1887, when nearly all the scientific, literary and art socie- ties in Brooklyn joined it as sections. The society now has this Museum, with a branch in Bedford Park, and a Children's Museum in Bedford Park, schools, a Laboratory of Biological Research, a branch of the Carnegie Institute, art classes, lecture courses, etc. The Museum, which is a short distance from the Plaza, can be reached by any car going to Prospect Park. Open 9 to 6, Sundays 2 to 6, and Thursdays till 9.45. Admission free, except on Alondays and Tuesdays, when 2.5c. is charged. Near the Aluseum is the water tower of the reservoir. Fulton St., the principal business street of Brooklyn, starts ■from the Fulton Ferry, runs beside the Brooklyn Bridge approach and then eastward through the center of the borough nearly to Jamaica. About one-third of a mile from the Brooklyn Bridge entrance is the Borough Hall, the old Brooklyn City Hall, built between 1836 and 1849. In front is a triangular grass plot with a statue of Henry Ward Beecher and a handsome fountain. In the rear is the Hall of Records and Kings County Court House, adjoining which is a $2,000,000 Municipal Building. On Orange St., near Hicks St., which is not far from the Brooklyn Bridge entrance, is Plymouth Church. The building itself is a large plain brick structure, hardly worth a second glance. It is famous in church annals as the seat of Henry Ward Beecher's pastorate from 1847 to 1887, and Lyman Abbott's pas- torate from 1888 to 1899. During the last years of Beecher's service it was the best-known church in America. The oldest church building in Brooklyn is probably the Flatbush Reformed Church, corner Flatbush and Church Aves. It antedates the Revolution, being the successor to the first church erected on this site in ]660. On Washington St.. near Johnson, two blocks north from the Borough Hall, is the Post Office, with receipts of about $2,600,000 a year, being the fourth largest postal business in the country. It is a $2,000,000 structure, erected in 1892. Opposite the Post Office is the building of the Brooklyn Eagle, the oldest and most influential newspaper in Brooklyn. The building is on the site of the ill-fated Brooklyn Theatre, which burned down on Decem- ber 5, 1876, during a performance of "The Two Orphans." More than 300 persons lost their lives. Fulton St., east of the Borough Hall, is the retail shopping district, with the large department stores of A. D. ]\Iatthews Sons at No. 398, Abraham & Straus at No. 420 and Frederick Loeser & Co. at No. 482. A little further out, at St. Felix St., is the Academy of Music, the main front being on Lafayette Ave. Kifi^'s Hozc to Sec AVrc York. 175 BOROUGH HALL. Hall of Records, Court House aud Municipal Building in rear. One block north of Fulton St., on DeKalb Ave., is Fort Greene Park, the site of Fort Putnam, erected by the patriots in August, 1T7G, at the end of the line of fortifications guarding Brooklyn and the approach to New York City from the Long Island side and the nearest to the ferry, now Fulton Ferry. Washington, in shifting the troops prior to the escape from Long Island after the battle, sent them to Fort Putnam l3efore the embarkation, and this was the last post on Long Island occupied by Americans until the close of the Revolution. It was again fortified in the War of 1812 and called Fort Greene. At the Myrtle Ave. en- trance are tombs holding remains of revolutionary soldiers who died in the British prison ships moored in Wallabout Bay (Xavy Yard). The Prison Ship Martyrs' Monument at the entrance was dedicated by President Taft in 1908. The shaft, from the bottom of the plaza to the top of the urn, is 195f^ ft. high, IT^X ft. wide at the base and has an interior diameter of 9 ft. It contains an electric elevator and two flights of stairs by which the top may be reached; cost, $175,000. On the DeKalb Ave. side of the park is the Brooklyn Hospital, with 170 beds, also a 176 King's Hozc to See Nezv York. training school, and on the Raymond St. side is Raymond St. jail. On Claremont Ave., three blocks east of the park, is the new Masonic Temple, with 69 blue lodges, having 20,000 members in Brooklyn. On Ryerson St., a few blocks east, is Pratt Institute of fine and applied arts, with a library of over 100,000 volumes. The water front of Brooklyn has some interesting sights. At Rowland's Iron Works, south of Newtown Creek, the origi- nal "Monitor," which fought the "jMerrimac," was built. The Havemeyer sugar refineries are on the water front just above Williamsburg Bridge. The Atlantic Basin, opposite Governor's Island, and "the Erie Basin, further south, are indenta'tions pro- tected by breakwaters and containing piers, wharfs and ware- houses. Further south, on both sides of the 39th St. Ferry, are the enormous warehouses and piers of the Bush Terminal Com- pany. There is a beautiful shore road from 66th St. to Fort Hamilton, lined with mansions. At 84th St. are the grounds of the Crescent Athletic Club, the leading social and athletic club of Brooklyn. At 100th St. is the entrance to Fort Hamilton. This fort and Fort Wadsworth, on the Staten Island side, com- mand the Narrows and the Ship Channel. The site was fortified in 1703, but later neglected. During the War of 1812 the brick casemated fort in the Narrows was built. This was first called Fort Diamond, but changed to Fort Lafayette in 1824, when Lafayette visited the U. S. The present Fort Hamilton was erected between 1822 and 1831. The reservation covers an area of 145 acres and the works are 47 ft. above low water. Pass to visit the fort can be obtained by written application to the com- manding officer. Reached by Third Ave. cars from Brooklyn Bridge.' The British landed here before the Battle of Long Island. CONEY ISLAND, the most famous amusement resort in the world, is really a sand bar on the Atlantic Ocean, about eight miles from the Brooklyn side of the Brooklyn Bridge. It is about five miles long and from a few hundred feet to quarter of a mile wide and consists of four distinct sections — Sea Gate, West Brighton, Brighton and Manhattan Beach. Sea Gate, at the western end, is a Summer home colony, having several hundred buildings, some costing many thousands _ of dollars. There are no stores or amusement resorts in this section, nothing but Summer homes. It is reached by boat from the Battery or by a trolley line, which connects with the various trolley and 'T," lines going to Coney Island. Half a mile east of Sea Gate is West "Brighton. This is the most lively, most noisy, most crowded and most democratic part of Coney Island. It is about Va miles long and consists of one main street. Surf Ave., wath a King's Hoiv to See Nezv York. 177 number of narrow passageways to the beach and two or three narrow parallel streets. Surf Ave. and the passageways are lined with saloons, restaurants, concert halls, shooting galleries, carous- sels, toboggan slides and every catch-penny device that will amuse the people and lure the little nickels and dimes from their pockets. . The Bowery is a narrow, short boardwalk parallel with Surf Ave. Steeplechase Park and Luna Park are enclosed amusement resorts opening upon Surf Ave., and Steeplechase Park has also an entrance from the Bowery. They contain scores of attractions, to each of which an admission fee is charged. Combination tickets at reduced prices are sold at the entrances. Feltman's, an enormous restaurant with open-air gardens, seating several thousand diners, is opposite the entrance to Luna Park. Near it is Henderson's Music Hall, Restaurant and Hotel, extending back to the Bowery. Stauch's is a large dance hall and restaurant on the Bowery, opposite Henderson's. Ravenhall and the Kaiserhof are fine restaurants beyond Steeple- chase Park. Studcnbord's, east of Feltman's, is one of the old- est restaurants on Coney Island. A large municipal free bath house extends from Surf Ave. to the beach, opposite the end of the Ocean Parkway. The Ocean Parkway is a wide car- riage road, flanked by bicycle roads and foot paths extending from the southeast corner of Prospect Park to the eastern end of West Brighton Beach, a distance of 5^ miles. Numerous hotels and restaurants are situated along the road and several amusement resorts are near the Conev Island end. BRIGHTON BEACH is half a mile east of West Brighton Beach. It has one enormous hotel and a number of Summer resort attractions, including a fine vaudeville theatre. This section of Coney Island is less noisy, there are few catch-penny resorts and the general tone is higher than at West Brighton. It is the favorite resort of the Brooklvnites. MANHATTAN BEACH was, until 1910, the fashionable part of Coney Island. Since then it has been cut up into building lots and become a Summer home colony. Coney Island can be reached by "L" and trolley roads from Brooklyn and Williamsburg Bridges and by steamlx)ats from the Battery. JAMAICA BAY, in the extreme southeastern section of the borough, is a bay covering 40 square miles and protected by Rock- away Beach from the ocean. It consists of channels of various sizes between many islands and the mainland. It is proposed to straighten and deepen some of these to provide 150 miles of piers and deep channels for ocean steamers, thereby relieving the congestion in the Hudson River. Queens Borough THE Borough of Queens lies to the north and east of the Borough of Brooklyn and covers an area of over 80,000 acres, or 40% of the total area of New York City- By the Act of Consolidation of 1897. Queens County, which was then comprised of the towns of Long Island City, Newtown, Flushing, Jamaica and Hempstead, some of which were settled as early as 1640, was amalgamated as the Borough of Queens, as part of the city of "Greater New York." It contains many suburban home communities now in the process of development. The Queensboro Bridge, at E. 59th St., is the main entrance from Manhattan Borough to Long Island City and Queens Bor- ough. It is the best route for the ai,itomobilist to all parts of not only Queens Borough but all Long Island. Queens Borough has magnificent paved highways and has a wonderful variety of scenery, both along Long Island Sound and the center of the borough, through which extends a ridge of hills. LONG ISLAND CITY, which lies on the East River, to the north of Brooklyn, and opposite Manhattan, from about 34th St. northward, is becoming the greatest industrial center of New York City, and contains the extensive Sunnyside Yards of the Pennsylvania Railroad, many automobile manufacturing and serv- ice plants, as well as other large factories, such as the Steinway and Sohmer Piano Works, the Loose-Wiles Biscuit Factory, the General Electric Vehicle Company and the Nichols Copper Co. In the upper section of Long Island City construction work is rapidly progressing on the new connecting railroad bridge which will connect the Pennsylvania Railroad and the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad. This bridge, which will be the largest of its kind in the world, is estimated to cost $18,000,000. With viaducts it will be three miles long and will consist of three spans, connecting Long Island City, Ward's Island, Randall's Island and the Bronx. These spans will rise to a height of 300 ft. above the waiter. Following along the shore, North Beach, a popular low- priced summer resort, is reached at the western end of Flushing Bay. Eastward, across the bay, is the village of Flushing, which contains the Friends' Meeting House, erected in 1698 ; the Bowne House, built in 1645, and other pre-revolutionary houses. To the north of Flushing are College Point and Whitestone, two manufacturing villages on Long Island Sound, at the eastern end of Flushing Bay. Southeast from Long Island City, toward the 178 King's IIozv to Sec Xciv York. lTf> QUKKNSl'.nKt. ItUIDilE PLA/.A. Proposod Kapid 'i>insit Station, center of the borough, is the former town of Newtown, the earliest settlement on Long Island. A httle further southeast is the village of Forest Hills, a community estabhshed by the Ru.- sell Sag? Foundation and a very intcrestuig site. Just so^^th o this community is Forest Park, covering 536 acres the hftl a gest^ark in' the city. It is at present covered with natural for^est. 'From the ridge of this park there is a magnihc^^^^^^ over Jamaica Bay to the Rockaways and t e Atlantic Uceai. South and east of the park are Woodhaven, Richmond Hill and Jamaica directly east of Brooklyn, and lying m the center of the borough, communities that have developed wonderfuU) in the past few years. Jamaica is the important rai road center o Long Island, as nearly all the Long Island Railroad trains pass- through the modern terminal which has just been complet^^^^ this point. One of the most interesting houses ^n J^ya ^^ '^ the Colonial homestead of Governor John A. King, .^ "1^ 12o year ac^o This building is now occupied by a Colonial Museum, m charge of the King Manor Association Governor King was the ''%^r^S^i^A- Touraine. 118, IV.K I'nion Square, 1»I5. . Van Cortlandt, 130 Vanderbilt. 110 ... Mctoria. 30. 41 Waldorf-Astoria, 4: Walliek. li.".t Walton Webster, 130 Wolcott Woodstock, 120 , . . Woodward, 30 . . . . York, 123 Name Academy of Music, 101 1, n r.roadwav and ;>3.d St ..1(14 W. 40tli St ..Park Ave. and 4()th St Seventh Ave. and 38th St.... '. '. Fifth Ave. and '>'.>th St . P.roadwav and 31st St ..Madison Ave. and 4'.»th St... . . Park Ave. and 32d St ...-,!» W. 4(Uh St . Fifth Ave. and .V.lth St ..14 E. 28th St ...-.12 Fifth Ave Madison Ave. and 46th St... ..44 W. 44th St . . I ; roadway and T2d St . .in-oadwav and 11th St . .i(K» W. 4.-.th St ...127 E. 72d St . Fifth Ave. and "vith St Central P'k W. and 74th St. . ..Fiftli Ave. and r);>th St Madison Ave. and 20th St... ...44 W. 4oth St . ..P.roadway and 71st St ...Fifth Ave. and 44th St . ..l.-.O W. 47t]i St ...11 K. 32d St ...200 W. 43d St ...'.) E. 39th St . . . Fnion S«i. and l">th St ...142 W. 40th St ...Park Ave. and 34th St . . . P.roadway and 27th St r... Fifth Ave. and 34th St . . . P.roadway and 4.'.d St ...104 W. 70th St ...4(1 AV. 4.'5th St ...4 W. 31st St ...127 W. 4.3d St ...P.roadway and ').">th St... . ...Seventh Ave. and 30th St... THEATRES ()2."> ."52.00 120 1..50 (iOO 2.00 3.-)() 1..50 400 2.(M) 400 1.00 200 3.(M) 4:'.0 1..50 300 2.00 7.-.0 2..50 (KK) 2.00 3.-.0 2..50 42.-> 5.00 2.-)0 2..50 2.-)0 1..50 2.-)0 1.00 200 2.00 200 2.00 340 3.00 000 1..50 500 2.00 475 1.50 250 1..50 500 1.00 1.50 4.00 1..50 145 2.50 100 1.50 1.50 1.50 130 1..5(V 200 1.50 v;()0 3.00 3.50 1..50 1.000 3.00 400 1.00 210 2.00 1(50 3.00 :;()o 2.00 .305 2.00 400 2.01) 250 1.50 Location 14th St. and Irving PI. Belasco, 120, 131 115 W. 44th St. RerkeleV T^'o ! ! '. WW. 44th St. Booth. 130, 131 • ■ • • 7." ^J,- if.]] ^\- Brad-y's Playhouse, 130 ^/l-^V Hi .1' Prniilwnv ^8 144.J Broadwaj C rne-ie Hal andl vceum, 134. ... Seventh Ave. and 57th St. r IS no 37 ■ •'^Oth St. and BroadAA^.y Ce'turV; Us ■.:::::::. 62d St. and central Park W 184 King's Hozu to Sec Nezv York. Circle, 148 Broadway and 6()tli St. Cohan's, 38. ' Oli) '.'■ • 14S0 Broadway Columbia, 39 47tb St. and Seventh Ave. Comedv, 123 41st St., east of Broadway Cort 130 131 48th St., east of Broadway Daly's, 36 1221 Broadway Eltinge, 121 230 W. 42d St. Empire, 38 40th St. and Broadway Forty-eighth Street, 130 4Sth St., east of Broadway Forty-fourth St. Music Hall. 120... 210 W. 44th St. Fulton. 130 4(>th St., west of Broadway Gaietv, 30. 130 4Gth St. and Broadway Garrick, 123 Go W. 35th St. Globe, 39 130 lOth St. and Broadway Grand Opera House, 103 23d St. and Eighth Ave. Hammersteiu's Victoria, 121 42d St. and Seventh Ave. Harris 121 42d St., west of Broadway Herald Square, 37, 123 .3.5th St. and Broadway Hippodrome, 127, 120, 131 .43d St. and Sixth Ave. Hudson, 129 130 W. 34th St. Hurtig «fc Seaman's, 100 12.5th St. and Seventh Ave. Irving Place, 22, 90 1.5th St. and Irving PI. Keith's Colonial, 154 'i2d St. and Broadway Keith's Harlem Opera House, 100.. 211 W. 125th St. Keith's Union Square, 101 14th St. and Broadway Knickerbocker, ,37 38th St. and Broadway Libertv. 121 234 W, 42d St. Lincoln Square, .30 1047 Broadway Little, 129 2.38 W. 44th St. Longacre, 1.30 220 W. 4Sth St. Lyceum, 1.30 45th St.. west of Broadway Lvric, 121, 129 213 W. 42d St. Manhattan Opera, 115 34th St., west of Eighth Ave. Maxine Elliott's. 123 39th St., east of Broadway Metrop. Opera, 38,101,115,121.131.39th St. and Broadway Miner's People's, 85 201 Bowery Murray Hill, 120 42d St. and Lexington Ave. New Amsterdam. Aerial uihlin,i,% 2G ylJolian Hall, 121, 127 Aero Club, 118 "Albany,"' Steamer, 8.'> Alpha Delta Phi Club, 121) Altman's. 42. 109 Am. Ex. National Bank, 25, 28, '-•). Am. (ieogr.-iphical Society. 1G:j Am. Innt. of Elcc. Enjjineers, I2."i Am. Inst, of Mininn" EnjLjineers, 12;i American Line, lO-'i Am. Mus. of Nat. History. ni>, 150 Am. Museum of Safety, V2'A Am. Numismatic Society, lO^i Am. Soc. of Civil Engineers, IM Am. Soc. of Mech. Engineers, 12:i Amusements. 22 Aquarium, 48, 54, 08 Arch. Profr'pect Park, 173 Army Building, 55 Army and Naw Club, 129 Arsenal, 12:{, 141 Arthur, statue, ^^^ Aschenbrodel-Verein, 137 Astor. .Tohn Jacob, res., 50 A.stor Library, 43, 90 Atlantic Basin, 176 Atlantic Transport Line, 102 Athletic Fields, 2.3 Audubon Park, 1(52 Automobile Clul> of America, 134 Aviation Field, 23 Babies' Hospital, 125 Bank of America, 02 Bank of the Manhattan Co., 62 Bonk of New York, 63 Bankers Trust Co., 59. 60, 62 Bar Association, 127, 128, 1-9 Barge Otlice, 49, 55 Barnard College, 157, 158 Battery, 14, 49, 55. 164, 177 Batter V Park, 54, 55, 58 Battle of Long Island, J4, 147, 172, 173, 17'> Bayne, S. G., res., 1.52 Beecher, Henry Ward, statue. 174 Bellevue Hospital, 110. Ill, 114, 161 Belvedere. 142, 143 Berkeley Lyceum, 129 Bethesda Fountain, 142 Bible House, 90 Bible Teachers' Training Sch., 125 Billings. C. K. (}., estate, 165 Billop House. 180 Blackwell's Isl.md, 114, 136 Block House, 147. 157 Board of Education, 86. 12() Borough Hall. Bronx, ICS Borouiih H;ill. Brooklvn, 174, 175 Borough Hall. Richmond, 180 Botanical Gardens, 9, 167 Bowne House, 178 Bower.v, 85, 89 Bowery Mission, 85 Bowery Savings Bank, 86 Bowling (ireen, 52, 53 Bradstreet's, 33, 86 Bradstreet's Building, 87 Bread Line, 34, 85 Brentano's, 41 Brick Presl)yterian Church, 43 Bridges, 12-15, 18, 19, 49 Bridge of Sighs, 76 Brighton Beach, 176, 177 Broad Street, 62, 63 Broadway, 24-25-39 Broadwav Tabernacle, 39 Brokaw, 'Clifford V., res., 50 Brokaw, Howard C, res., 51 Brooklyn 5, 13, 15, 105, 171, 179 Bkn. liridge. l'>. 15, 172-174, 176, 177 Bkn. Ins. of Arts and Sciences, 173 Brown University Club, 129 Bronx Church House, 168 Bronx Park, 9, 141, 1'57, KJS Bronx and Pelham Parkway, 168 Bryant Park, 120 Buchanan Mansion, 95 Bull, W. L., res., ,50 Bush Terminal Company, 64, 176 Calumet Club, 42 Calvary Baptist Church. 134 Calvary M. E. Church, 161 Calvary I'. E. Church, 97 Camera Club, 154 Carnegie, Andrew, res., 51 Castle Garden, 58 Castle Williams. 7>i) Cathedral of St. John, l.o5, i56 Catholic Club, 133 Central Bridge, 11, 19, 163 Central Park, 23, 105, 141, 173 Central Presbyterian Church, 134 Central K. K. of N. J. Ferry. 69, 103 Century Association, 127 185 186 King's Hozi.' to See ^^ezv York. Cbamber of Commerce, 66, 67 Chapel o-f Intercession, W2 Charity Organization Society, 98 Chelsea Piers, 95, 102 Chemical National Bank, 31, 33, 74 Chemists' Club, 118 Children's Aid Society, 88,93,160 Children's Court, 91 Children's Hospital, 114 Chinatown, 77, 78 Choir School, Cathedral, 155, 156 Chnrch of the Ascension, 41 Church Missionary Soc Bldg., 97 Church Du St. Esprit, French, 108 Church of Beloved Disciple. 140 Church of Divine Paternity. 150 Church of Epiphany. P. E., 1L>0 Church of Epiphany, R. C, 98 Church of Heavenly Rest, 45 Church of Holy Communion, 104 Church of Incarnation, 119 Church of Land and Sea. 79 Church of Most Holy Redeemer, 93 Church of Paulist Fathers, 133 Church of St. George. 91 Church of St. Ignatius Loyola, 140 Church of St. Jean Baptiste. 137 Church of St. Mary the Virgin. 130 Church of Transfiguration, P. E.. 109 Church of Transfiguration, R.C.. 77 Church of Zion cV- St. Timothy, 134 Churchill's Restaurant. 20, 39 Cincinnati, Order of, 101 City Athletic Club, 134 City Club Building, 129 City Hall, 71, 80 City Hall Park, 33, 71, 80, 81, 115 City History Club, 123 City Hospital, 114, 160 City Investing Building, 25, 31 City Island, 168 Civic Center, 75 Clark's, W. A., Mansion, 51 Claremont Inn, 158, 159 Clearing House, 65 Clef Club, 134 Clubs, 128 College Bookstore, 158 College of City of N. Y., 98, 126, 161, 162 College Point, 178 Coll. of Physicians & Surgeons, 132 Colonv Club, 109 Columbia University, 156, 157 Columbia University Club, 97 Columbia Yacht Club, 153 Columbus Circle, 39, 148, 149 Columbus Monument, 133, 148. i49 Columbus Park, 76 Commissioner of Correction, 96 Commissioner of Charities. 114 Coney Island, 23, 58. 105. 176, 177 Congregation Shearth Israel, 79 Conkling, statue, 35 Conservatory Lake, 142 Consolidated Stock Exchange, 64 Convent of the Sacred Heart, 161 Cooper Union, 90, 91 Cornell University Club, 120 Cornell Medical School, 114 Cotton Exchange, 63 County Jail, 84 Court House, Appellate Div., 107 Court House, Bronx County, 169 Court House, City, 73 Court House, Kings Co., 174, 175 Court House, N. Y. Co.. 72, 73, 80 Court House, Proposed, 75 Cox, S. S., statue, 90 Crescent Athletic Club, 176 Criminal Courts Building, 76 Croton Aqueduct, 163 Croton Reservoir, 43 Crotona Park, 23, 168 Cunard Line. 102 Curb Market. 62, 64 Custom House, 49, 52. 53, 61, 63 Dartmouth Club, 130 De la Mar, Joseph, res., 119 de Peyster. Abraham, statue, 52 De La Salle Institute. 133 De Witt Clinton High School, 132 Deems Church of Strangers, 134 D. L. ct W. R. R. Ferry, (59, 74, 103 Delmonico's, 20, 33, 36, 41, 43, 63 Demilt Dispensary, 98 Democratic Club, 45 Dept. of Docks and Ferries, 54, 58 Dept. of Health, 76 Deutscher Verein, 133 Dietrich, C. F., res., 51 Distances, 19 Dodge, W. E., statue, 37 Doyers Street, 78 Drake Park, 170 Drexel, Anthony, Jr., res., 51 Duke, James B., res., 51 East Harlem Church, 160 East River, 5, 13, 15, 105, 116, 160 Elast Side Settlement House, 136 Eden Musee. 22, 104 Eishth Regiment. 140 Elevated Railroad Svstem, S-10 Elizabeth Home for Girls, 92 Elks' Club. 128. 129 Ellis Island, 14, 57 King's Hoii' to See Nezv York. 187 Engineers' Club, lii.i Equitable Bldg., 29, 30. 48 Equitable Trust Company, b2 Ericsson. John, statue, .>>, ob Erie Basin. 176 Erie Ilailroad Eerry 10.1 Evening Mall Building, i^) Evening Tost Building. <4 Excliange Place. «•>. .•><'• -*,' _ Fifth Ave, Presbyterian Church, 4 < Fine Arts Society, 134 Fire Department. I)-), 138 Fire Prevention Bureau, 139 Firemen's Memorial, 152 First Baptist Church, 1;j3 First Christian Science C Inn eh, 1->1 First Field Artillery, 154 First Hospital Company, l.)4 First Moravian Church, 110 First Presbyterian Church, 41 First Pvef. Episcopal Church, 120 First Signal Corps 110 First Union Pres. Church, lo( Fish, Hamilton, res., oO Fifth, Hamilton, Park, 8.) Fish Stuvvesant, res., 140 Five Points District 76 Flatbush Keforuied Church, 1.4 Flatiron Building, 35, 41 Flower Hospital, 13.3 Flushing, 178 Fordham Hospital, 114. lOS Fordham University, 168 Forest Hills, 179 Forest Park, 179 Fort George, 164 Fort (ireene Park. l(o Fort Hamilton. 176, 181 Fort Schuyler. 168 Fort Wadsworth. 176. 181 Fort Washington Park, lOo Fourrh Ave., 10, 96, 97, lOa Franklin, Bon.iamin, statue. <0 Franklvn, Walter, house, <4 Fraunc'e's Tavern, 22. 63, 64 French Hospital. 115 French Line, 102 Freundschaft Society, 13-3, 1..4 Friars' Club, 1-30 Fri (Jarv, Elbert H., res., .50 (Jeneral Memorial Hospital, 1)1 Gen. Theological Seminary. 103 German Hospital, i:'.7 (ierman Masonic Temple, 99 German Poliklinik, 92 (;eriuania Assembly Kooni»ii, 89 Ghetto, 84 Gimbel Bros., 37. 117 (ioelet, Mrs. Ogdeii. res., 4.) Goelet, Robert, res., io Gorham's, 43 (iovernor's Island, 14, 55. oU (Jovernor's Room, 72 Gould, Edwin, res., 51 Gould, George .7.. res., ._>(» Gould, Miss Helen, 4.j, 1.0 Gould, J., res., 51 (Jouverneur Hospital, 114 Grace Church, 34 Graduates' Club, 129 Gramercy Park, 96 (U-and Boul. & Concourse, V>i>. l<».' Grand Central Palace, li:^. l--> „ Grand Central Terminal. 20, 112, 113, 118, 120, 124, 1-27, 170 (Jrant's Tomb, 158 (;rant, C. S.. re-s., 140 Grant, W. T., Company, 104 Great White Way, 24, 37, 121 (Jreater New \ ork, ir)-17, J.^ Greek Church, 134, 138 Greelev, Horace, statue, o«, .u Greeley Square, 37 Green Room Club, 130 (ireenluit, Siegel Cooper to.. 104 Greenwich Village, 93 Greenwood Cemetery, 172, 1«3 Grolier Club, 109 Guggenheim. W., res., oO _ Guggenheimer, Mrs. R., re^:., ou Hadlev Rpscue Mission 89 Hahiieniaiin Hospital, 1-^^ Hale Nathan, statue, 72 Hall of Fame, 164. Ifi9 Hall of Records, 72, ^■i, 1.4. 1 .-> Hamilton Park. 115 Hamilton, statue, 67 ITainmoud, C. S.. jfc f ^^^ ^'•* liar Mori ah Hospital, 93 Harlem Eve & Ear Infirmary, K.O Il.irlem Hospital, 114, 161 188 King's Hozv to See AVzc York. Harlem River, IS, 163 Harvard Clul), 128, 121) Havemeyer, Mrs. Heury O., res., 50 Hay Exchange 115 Healy's Restaurant, 154 Plearn's, 95 Hebrew Orphan Asylum, 161 Hebrew Technical Institute, 91, 09 Hegeman, John R., 107 Heidelberg Building, 38, 121 Hell Gate, 136 Hempstead, 178 "•Hendrick Hudson," Steamer. 82. 83 Herald Building, 31, 37 Herald Square, 37, 117 High Bridge, 18, 19 High School of Commerce, 154 Hispanic Society, 163 Holy Trinity Chapel, 137 Homeopathic Medical College. 135 Horace Mann School, 158 House of Relief, 83, 102 Hudson River, 13. 105. 107, 116. 177 Hudson River Day Line. 82, '"^3 Hudson Terminal Buildings, 68, 69 Hudson Tunnels, 14, '39 Hunt, Richard, Memorial, 50 Institute Tark, 173 Inwood on the Hudson, 165 Irving, Washington, 89, 96. 121 Iselin, William E., res., 47 Jackson Square, 94 Jamaica, 178, 179 Jamaica Bay, 177, 179 Jay, John, Park, 136 Jay, John, statue, 67 Jeanette Park, 63 Jefferson Market Court House, 94 Jersey Cattle Club, 103 Jessup, Morris K., res., 119 Jewish Hospital, 99 John St. Methodist Church, 68 Jonas, L. & Co., 31 Judson Memorial Bap. Church, 40 Jumel Mansion, 163 Kenmare Park, 88 Kennedy & Shelley, 12 Kernochan, Mrs. J. P., res., 50 King, Gov. John A., res., 179 Knickerbocker Club, 42 Knickerbocker Hospital, 161 iafavette, statue, 34, 160 Lambs' Club. 129 La Salle Academy, 93 Law Institute, 70 Lebanon Hospital, 99 Lenox Librarv, 43, .50 Liberty Statue, 14, 56, 57 I>iberty Tower. 62 Liederkranz, 126 Liggett's Drug Store, 124 Lincoln Monument, 34, 95 Lispenard Sugar Houtse, (jG, 67 Little Church Around Corner, 109 Loeser, Fredeiick, & Co., 174 Long Island, 105 Long Island City, 13, 18, 178 Long Island Railroad. 179 Long Island Sound, 168 Lord & Taylor's, 43, 84 Lorillard Mansion, 168 Lotos Club, 1.33 Low Library, 156, 157 Low, Seth, res.. 140 Lowell. Josephine, fountain, 120 Luna Park, 177 Lying-in Hospital, 99 McCloskey, Cardinal, 45 McCreery's 104, 117 McGown's Pass Tavern, 147 Macy, R, H., & Co., 37. 95. 116. 123 Madison Ave. Baptist Church, 109 Madison Ave. Pres. Church, 140 Madison Ave. Ref. Church, 126 Madison Square, 35, 41 Madison Sq. Garden, 23, 107, 120 Madison Sq. Pres. Church, 106, 107 Maine Memorial, 133, 148, 149 Mall, Central Park, 141, 142 Manhattan Beach, 176, 177 Manhattan Borough, 5, 178 Manhattan Bridge, 13, 15, 79, 80 Manhattan Chess Club, 134 Manhattan Club, 107 ^Manhattan College, 165 Manhattan Maternity Hospital, 135 :Manhattan Savings Ins., 33 ;Manhattan Square, 1.50 Manhattan Vallev, 165 Marble Collegiate Church, 42 Marble Hill, 164 Margaret Louisa Home, 101 Mariners' Church. 79 Maritime Exchange, 64 Masonic Temple, 104. 114 Matthews, John, res., 152. 153 Maxim's Restaurant. 123 Mechanics' Bank. 129 Menagerie, Central Park, 141 Mercantile Library, 90 Merchants' Exchange, 63 Merchants' National Bank. 62 Metropolitan Club, .50 Metropolitan Building, 36, 48, 98, 105. lOfi. 107 Metropolitan Hospital, 114 Killer's Hozv to Sec AVtc York. 189 Metropolitan _Museum of Art. .".1, Middle I'olloi^iatc Uef. Church. 92 Middle L>ut(h Kef. Church, 06 Midland IU«ach, ISl Military Service Institution. oG Miller. 'William Starr, res., 51 Milliken, Seth. res., 140 Mills Hotels, 85. 9;5, 123 Mills, Osiden, res., 50 Mills' Training School. Ill, 111 Millionaires' Apartmentc<^. •>! Montefiore Home, 9U, Kx M\)ravian Cemetery, 181 Morgan's Art Gallery, 118 _ Morgan, J. I'ierpont, 99, 14o Morgan, J. P., cV- Co., 62 Morgan, J. IV, i'ps., 118, 119 Morris High School, 1(58 Mosholu Parkway, 100, 107 Mount Sinai Hospital, 51, OS, 99, Mouquin's Restaurant, 117 Mulberrv Bend, Park, 70 Municipal Building, 4, 25, 33, 48, 73, 75, 80 Municipal Bldg., Brooklyn. 174. 175 Municipal Lodging House, 114 Murray Hill, 118 Murray House, 120 Murray's Restaurant, 121 Musicians' Club, 130 Mutual Life Ins. Building, 60, 0. Narrows, 57, 170 . National Academy of Design, 1.j2 National Arts Club, 97 National City Bank, 02 National Guard, 110 Naval Hospital, 172 Navy Yard, 171, 175 Newburg, 83 New .Jersey. 14, 57, 107 Newsboys' Lodging House, 73 Newspaper How, 70 Newtown. 178, 179 N. Y. American & Journal. 73 N. Y. Association for Blind. 125 N Y. Athletic Club, 23, 128. 133 N. X. Catholic Protectory. 168 N. Y. Central Lines, 112, 113 N. Y. Club, 123 X. Y. College of Dentistry. 98 N. Y. College of Pharmacy. 1.54 N. Y. County National Bank. 95 N. Y. Foundling Asylum, 13S N. Y. Herald. 63, 74. 165 N. Y. Historical Society, 92. 150 N. Y. Hospital, 33, 83, 95, 102 N. Y. Inst, for Blind, 115 N Y Neurological Institute, 1.38 N. y'., N. H. cV: H. K. K.. 17S N Y. Ophthalmic Hospital. 98 N Y. Presbyterian Church, 161 n! Y. I'ublic Library. 43, 44, 50, 1^0 N. Y. Savings Bank, 95 N. Y. Skin & Cancer Hospital, 99 N Y. Society Library. 95 N. Y. State Arsenal, 123, 141 N. Y. 'Irade ScUool, loo N. Y. University, 40, 41, 114, luS, 169. 170 ^ N. Y. Yacht Club, 128, 129 Ninth Coast Artillery, 95 Nockin, Henry. Jeweler, 154 Normal College, 126, 137, 138 North Beach, 178 Northern Dispensary, 94 Nursery & Child's Hospital, 12o Nursing Sisters of the Poor, 99 Obelisk, 143 Olivet Memorial Church, 93 O'Neill-Adams Company, 104 Opium Smoking, 78 , .^^ Orphan Asylum of P. E. Church. 161 Orphan Asylum, R. C, 88, 126, 164, Packard Commercial School, 119 Paradise Park, 77 Park Carriages, 141 Park How No. 41. 81 Park Row Building, 70 Parkhurst's Church, 106, 107 Pavne, O. II., res., 50 Pelham Bay Park, 160, 168 Pelham Parkway, 160 Penn R. R. Ferry, 09, 83 Penn. Station, 115, 116 Penn. Station Drug Co., Ho, llt> People's Hospital, 92 Phi (Jamma Delta, 129 Phipps, Henry, res., 51 Players' Club, 97 Plymouth Church, 1(4 Police Headquarters. 86. 88 Polo Grounds, 23, 163 Polyclinic Hospital, 130 Potter Building. 81 Post Office, 70, 71. 81, Ho, 116,1.4 Pratt Institute, 176 Prescott House, 33 Princeton Club, 97 Printing House Square. .0 Produce Exchange, 52. o3 Prospect Park, 23, 173 1<4 Pulit55er Sch. of Journalism. li>6, lo^ Pulitzer, Joseph, res., 140 190 King's Hoii' to See New York. Quarantine Station, ISl Queens, 5, ITS Oueensboro Br., 15, 18, 135, 1TS._179 Racquet and Tennis Club, li'( Kaudall's Island, 114, ITS Rector Street, 27 Hector's Restaurant, 39 Red Cross Hospital, 151 Red Star Line, 103 Reeves. W. C, Co., 110 Reisenweber's Restaurant. 133 Remick, J. H., & Co., 130 Republican Club, 123 Republican State Committee, 123 Rescue Mission, T8 Restaurants, 20-22 Rhinelander Sugar House. 73 Richmond Borough, 5, 114, 180 Richmond Hill, 179 Riding Club, 126 Riverside Drive, 152, 153, 16t> Rockaway, 1T9 Rockefeller Institute, 135, 136 Rockefeller, John D., res., 4T Rockefeller. William, res.. 47 Rocky Mountain Club, 129 Rodeph Scholom Synagogue, 140 Roosevelt Hospital, 133 Roosevelt, W. E,, res., 50 Ruppert Jacob, res., 51 Ryan, Ihomas F., res.. 50 St. Agnes Chapel 154 St. Agnes R. C. Church 125 St. Alovslus R. C. Church, 161 St. Andrew's P. E. Church. ISO vSt. Ann's Maternity Hospital. 138 St. Augustine's Chapel, 85 St. Bartholomew's Church. 120. 127 St. Brigid R. C. Church, 93 St. Christopher's Chapel, 09 St. Chrysostom's Chapel, 121 St. Francis Xavier College, 102 St. Francis Xavier R. C. Ch.. 102 St. Gabriel's Park, 120 St. George's Church. 99 St. James Lutheran Church, 140 St. James P. E. Church, 140 St. Joachim R C. Church. 7'.> St. John's Park, 83 St. Joseph's Asylum, 137 St. Luke's Church, 162 St. Luke's Hospital. 1.55, 156 St. Mark's Hospital. 92 St. Mark's Lutheran Churcn. 93 St. Mark's P. E. Church. 92 St. Mary's Free Hospital. 115 St. Matthew's Church, 162 St. Michael's Church, 115 St. Nicholas Church, 93 St. Nicholas Club, 129 St. Nicholas Skating Rink, 1.54 St. Patrick's Cath.. 45. 46. 126. 16;> St. Patrick's Church, SS St. Paul's Chapel, 31, 69, 74 St. Peter's Church, 74 St. Thomas' Church, 45 St. Timothy's Church, 77 St. Vincent's Hospital, 94 Sage, Mrs. Russell, res.. 45 Sailors' Snug Harbor, 180, 181 Saks, 37, 116 Saloman, William, res., 51 Salvation Army, 91, 95 Schiff, Jacob H., res., 51 Schifif, Mortimer L., res., 51 Schinasi, res., 153 Schultz, Harrv J., 37 Schurz, Carl, Park. 136 Schurz, Carl, statue, 1-57 Schwab, Chas. M.. res.. 153 Scotch Presbyterian Church, 151 Scotch Tea Room, 130 Screen Club. 130 Sea Gate, 176 Seaman's Institute, 63 Second Ave. Baptist Church, 92 Second Field Artillery, 169 Second National Bank. 41 Seventh Regiment Armory, 139 Seventv-first Regiment, 110 Seward Park, 84 Seward, statue. 35 Shaar Hashomayim Synagogue,125 Shanley's Restaurant,' 36. 38 Sheffield Farms-Slawson Decker Co., 1.30, 132, 159, 160 Shepard. Mrs. F. J., res., 45 Sherman. Cen., statue, 47, 50 Sherman W. Watts, res., 50 Sickles, (ieneral Dan, res.. 41 Sigel, Gen. Franz, monument, 152 Sierra. .7. A.. 103 Sims, J., Marion, statue. 121 Singer Buildincr, 25, 29. 48 Sixty-ninth Regiment. 110 Skyscrapers of Lower Manhattan. 48, 49 Sloane, John, res., 50 Sloane Maternity Hospital, 132 Society of American Artists, 1.34 Society for Ethical Culture. 14S Society of Mechanics and Trades- men, 129 Soldiers and Sailors' Monument, 152, 153 South Beach, 181 King's Hozc to Sec Nezv York. 191 South Ferry. 13, 49, 55 Speedway, 1G3 Speyer, Jaraos. res., 51 SpoVer Scbool, 101 Spuyten Duyvil. 16, 115 Sipiadron A, 140 Stages, 12 Standard Oil Building, 21 Staten Island. 5, 14. 1S(», 181 Steinwav Factory, 178 Steinway Hall, 100, 101 Steinwav & Sons. 101 Stern Brcs., 121, 127 Stevens House, 24 Stewart, A. T.. ;>2, 110. Kr. Stickney. Mrs. Joseph, res., 50 Stock Exchange 50, GO Stokes, Mrs. Ausou I'lielps, res., 110 Streets, 5 Stu.vvesant High School. 99 Stuyvesant Square, 99 Subway. <;. 7. 8 Sun Building, 70, 81 Sunnyside Yards, 178 Surface Lines, 10, 11 Switzer Institute, 94 Svdenham Hospital. 160 Synod Hall. 155, 156 Syrian Quarter, 58 Taft. Henrv W., res., 134 Tammany Hall, 70, 99, 101 Taxicabs, 12 Tcachei-s College. 157, 15S Temple Beth-El, 51 Terrace (harden, 125 Thirty-ninth St. Ferry, 13, 176 Tittaiiv iV- Co.. 34. 43 Tiffany Mansion. 140 Times Annex, 129 Times Building. 38, 39, 70, 121. 149 Times Square, 38, 39 Todt Hill. 180 Tombs, 75. 70 Tottenville. 180 Transportation Facilities, 6-14 Travers Island, 133 Tribune Building, 70, 81 Trinity Building, 27, 29 Trinity Cemetery. 1(52 Trinity Church.' 20, 27, 31, 60, 74, 83. 8.-,. 121. 162 Trowraart Inn, 94 Twelfth Regiment, 1.54 Twenty-second Engineers, 165 Tworably. H. McK.. res.. 47 Inion Club, 45 Union League Club. 43 Union Square, 34, 97 I'nion Theological Seminary, 158 United Hebrew Charities," OS U. S. Assay Office, 61, 62 U. S. Express Building, 26, 27. 64 U. S. Realty Building; 25. 20 U. S. Rubber Company. 39. 149 U. S. Sub-^Treasury. 60, 61 University Club, 47 T'niversitv Settlement. 85 Van Cortlandt Park. 7. 23. lOO. 167 Yanderbilt Clinic, 1.32 Vaiiderbilt. Frederick W.. res.. 43 Yanderbilt Mausoleum 181 Vanderbilt, Mi'S. Cornelius, res., 47 Yanderbilt. W. K.. res., 45 Yerrazani. statue, 5(5 Yerdi. statue, 154 Yolunteers of America, 117 AVadleigh High Scbool, 16(> Wall Street. 59, 60 Wanamaker's. .34, 90 Ward Baking Company, 170 Ward's Island. 178 Washington Arch. 40, 41 Washington Bridge. 18, 19, 164 Washington Irving High School. 96 "Washington Irving," Str.. 82, 83 Washington Market, 69. 94 Washington Square, 40, 41 Washington, statue, .34, 160 Watch Shop. 107 Webl) Academy, 164. 160 Webb, W. Seward, res.. 47 West Brighton, 176, 177 West Shore R. R. Ferry, ■JO West St. Building, 27. 4S, <»0 White Rats Club, 1.30 White Star Line. 102 Whitehall Building, 48, 54, 58, ,59 AVbitestone, 178 Whitney, H. P., res., .50 Whitney. Payne, res.. 51 Williamsburg Bridge. 7, 14, 1.5, 84, 86. 88. 176, 177 Woman's Hospital, 1.51. 156 Woman's University Club, 125 Wood haven, 179 Woodlawn Cemetery, 166 Woolworth Bldg.. 25, 31, 32, 48 Woohvorth, F. W., res.. 51 World Building. 71, 80 Worth Monument, .35, 41 Yale Club. 129 Yanss Optical Company. 107 Y. M. C. A.. 86. 98, 103. 115, 124, 127, 1.34, 160 Y, W. C. A., 101, 102, 125 Zoological Park, i67 192 King's How to See Nezv York. The Wonder Bakeries of the World Daily Capacity 500,000 Loaves NEW YORK PLANT Southern Boulevard and E. 143rd St., Bronx WHERE THE FAMOUS Tip-Top and Dainty-Maid Breads ARE MADE Pure and Clean m III •a III llj^Hnrnitiii^iHinm., """"•"IS"..,. 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