1 y . V^i'^^^t.t "^ o-^^c BY FRANK A. REXFORD A TX7ne-Portion Food Table i I I ! I Price, 15c. I 1912 ^t**^^.*! ^fc» 4^^^^^%* A ONE-PORTION FOOD TABLE BY FRANK A. REXFORD Teacher of Biology Erasmus Hall High School Brooklyn, N. Y. 1912 Copyright, 1913 by Frank A. Rexford EC1.A312517 INTRODUCTION THE One-portion Pood Table is the re- sult of several years' work with high school students in attempting to make the work on food and nutrition val- uable, understandable and interesting to the students as well as the families from which they come. An article which recently appeared in the Brooklyn Daily Eagle entitled, "The Effi- ciency of Food," has given the idea some publicity and created a demand for the table among physicians, dietitians, and dietetic and domestic science schools. For thi? reason it is now offered to the public. The computations were made from Bulle- tin No. 28 (Revised Edition) of the office of expeTiment stations of the Department of Agriculture, and "Diet List," Battle Creek Sanitarium, Battle Creek, Michigan. Cor- rections and suggestions will be appreciated. Thanks are due to Misses M. A. and C. S. Young, Teachers of Biology, Erasmus Hall High School, Brooklyn, N. Y.; Miss Lenna F. Cooper, Director of Domestic Science, Battle Creek Sanitarium, Battle Creek, Michigan; Florence G. Rexford; Prof. W. H. Lennon, Brockport, N. Y., and Dr. B. S. Oppenheimer, 2345 Broadway, New York City. F. A. R. Excerpt from "The EfSciency of Food": DIETARY STANDARDS. Several dietitians have established stand- ards which tell us just how much of each nutrient an average man should have daily. These standards differ considerably, but all are necessarily based on the fact that a cer- tain amount of proteid is necessary daily, and, added to that proteid, a man must have enough fat and carbohydrates to give him the required amount of heat, energy or power commonly spoken of as fuel value. This fuel value is measured in calories, or heat units, the same as distance is meas- ured in inches or liquids in quarts. 1 HIGH PROTEID VERSUS THE LOW PROTEID RATION A high proteid ration consists of three to five ounces of proteid daily, and enough fat and carbohydrates added to make up a total fuel value of 3,500 to 4,000 calories or units of fuel value, while the low proteid ration contains two to two and a half ounces of proteid, daily, and enough of the fat and carbohydrates to make up a total of 2,500 to 3,000 units of fuel value. One dieti- tian states that he aroes as low as one ounce of proteid and 1,000 calories. These stand- ards are for an average man weighing 165 pounds. LOW PROTEID RATION PREFERABLE The chief danger American people have to avoid is stuffing, or overeating. Very- few of us are undergoing proteid starvation, while, on the other hand, the most of us are eating an excess of proteid and the fuel value is poorly regulated. Professor Chit- tenden of Yale University has conducted some very extensive experiments on all sorts and conditions of men and has proven quite conclusively that these statements are correct. According to his experiments an average man may be sustained, gain strength and not lose weight on the low proteid diet previously mentioned. Another and more logical way of stating it, perhaps, may be this: 1-80 OF AN OUNCE OF PRO- TEID ^OR EACH POUND A PERSON WEIGHTS AND ENOUGH OP THE FUEL FOODS ADDED TO MAKE UP A TOTAL OF 2,500 TO 3,000 CALORIES. DANGERS OF EXCESSIVE FEEDING More than two and one-half ounces of proteid daily is injurious to the body, it would seem, since it cannot be used in re- pairing worn out parts beyond that extent; and the waste matters formed by the ex- cess of proteid are uric acid and other poisonous substances, which, if cast into the blood, are harmful and overwork the kidneys. Excess of carbohydrates is undesirable be- cause of the fact that this usually means an accumulation of fat in the body. HOW ARE WE TO KNOW? Professor Atwater (now deceased) of the United States Department of Agriculture did a most valuable work in the analysis of foods. Bulletin No. 28, revised edition, gives very complete analyses of foods and may be had for ten cents. Farmers Bulle- tin No. 142, which is also very good, though not so efxtensive, may be had for the asking, and any public library can furnish a copy of Chittenden's Nutrition of Man. Most of the tables found in these books, however, are somewhat technical and not easy translated by the average reader. The table which is here given is a brief translation, which is really an attempt to let down the technical terms to the understanding of those who are interested. KEEPING A DIETARY It is unwise to make a sudden change in diet. The better way is to faithfully take account of what one actually eats each day for several days and strike an average; then gradually work toward the proper re- quirements. If too high in proteids let up or go easy on the foods which contain large proportions of proteids. If the' calories do not total to the right amount, increase or decrease as the case demands the fats and carbohydrates. z a 5 o H < o > < a: Q O O simn xvaH QNV A£)H3Na ni ^poaaq^'o-vpiQiA ai80 uoijjod siqx tea "^T" .=3 b. 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