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 (Copyritibtecl June, 1889, by George 'asliington Eldridgo. All righ a" reserved.) 
 
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JVTartl^a's \/ir^eyard; 
 
 HISTORY AND ADVANTAGES 
 
 HEALTH AND SUMMER RESORT. 
 
 :^ 
 
 BY a. W. KLDRIDOE, 
 
 A RESIDENT OF THE ISLAND. 
 
 PROVIDENCK. R.I. 
 
 K. I.. I'KKK.M.VN & SON, liOoK .AND Joi; I'UI N TK.KS-, 
 1889. 
 

PREFACE 
 
 The author of this work Ccame to Martha's Yineyarcl four- 
 teen years ago, an invaHd. To-day, he is a practical demon- 
 stration of what the singularly salubrious climate of this 
 Island has done to restore him to health, and his experience 
 has been verified in the cases of many others, and the princi- 
 pal object he has in publishing this book is to make its ad- 
 vantages as a health resort more extensively known. He has 
 endeavored to conscientiously represent these advantages in 
 the following pages, and he believes that when they are more 
 fully known and understood that the people of the United 
 States will make of this Island a grand sanitarium. 
 
 May this work be one of the means of its becoming such is 
 
 the earnest wish of 
 
 THE A UTHOE, 
 
LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION 
 
 IVXiVRTHA'S VTneyard 
 
 Martha's Vineyard is the hirgest iskind on the New 
 England coast. It is in the form of an irregular 
 triangle, about 23 miles long and lOi miles wide at 
 its widest part. 
 
 It is bounded on the north by Vineyard Sound, 
 east, south and west by the Atlantic Ocean, and is 
 situated 2{o miles from the main land at its nearest 
 point. 
 
 The surface of this beautiful island is gently undu- 
 lating and gradually rising to an elevation of 300 
 feet above the level of the sea at the highest part, 
 which is a little north of the central part of the is- 
 land, and is known by the name of Indian Hill. 
 
 It is largely covered with wood-land, farms and 
 miniature lakes. Several villages are pleasantly lo- 
 cated on different parts of the island. The climate, 
 especially in summer, is delightful, and for health- 
 fulness is unsurpassed. 
 
jv sketch 
 
 The Islands 4H[iST0f^Y. 
 
 The curious student, in his translations of Ice- 
 landic lore, Avill find a vague and hazy outline of 
 reference to the discoveries and explorations in 
 America by the intrepid and adventurous Norseman. 
 According to Scandinavian sages, one Leif Erikson, 
 a mariner in the eleventh century, was the first to 
 sail to this hemisphere, but we fail to find any ex- 
 planation of the configuration of the coast made by 
 this fearless adventurer. One of his successors, how- 
 ever, Thorpine Karlesphine, who sailed around a 
 cape, which he called Kjaruless — generally supposed 
 to be Cape Cod — discovered an island which he called 
 Stranmay, the description of which will fit Martha's 
 Vineyard closely. Professor Hosford, of Harvard 
 College, has gone so far as to suggest that the names 
 of some of the Vineyard localities are of Norse origin. 
 For instance, Noman's-land is a corruption of Norse- 
 
thp: islands history. / 
 
 man's land, and that East Chop and West Chop, at 
 the entrance of Vineyard Haven harbor, is the Norse- 
 man's name for Ost Kop (East Cape) and Vest Kop 
 (West Cape). 
 
 The first discoverer of this isUmd who comes within 
 the reahii of autlientic history was Varrazzani, an 
 Italian explorer, who saw the western extremity of 
 it from the sea in 1564, and called it Claudia in 
 honor of the mother of the Emperor Francis II. of 
 France. The next explorer, and the first one who 
 left any account of the New England coast, was 
 Bartholamew Gosnold, an English mariner, who, 
 having the love of adventure in his breast, set sail 
 from Falmouth, England, in 1002, to explore the 
 shores of the new world. He sailed around Cape 
 Cod and up the southern shores of Nantucket and 
 the Vineyard, mistaking them, at first, for the main 
 land. He landed on Noman's-land and named it 
 Marthae's Vineyard, which name was afterwards 
 transferred to this Martha's Vineyard of the present 
 day. It appears that on May 28th, 1602, that Gos- 
 nold decided to locate on Cuttyhunk island (which 
 is to the northward of the Vineyard about five miles), 
 the westernmost of a group which lie named tlie 
 Elizabeth Isles, in honor of C^ueen Elizabeth, who 
 died that year. 
 
 This beautiful and picturesque group of islands 
 lies longitudinally east by nortli and west by south — 
 
<S THE ISLAND S HISTORY, 
 
 length of the group sixteen miles, and are nearly 
 parallel with Martha's Vineyard, separated from it 
 by Vineyard Sound. 
 
 The names of the islands forming this group (the 
 Elizabeth Isles), beginning with the westernmost, 
 are : 1st, Cuttyhunk ; 2d, Penikese ; 3d, Nashawena; 
 4th, Pasque ; 5th, Naushon (the largest) ; 6th, Wee- 
 pecket ; 7th, Uncatena ; 8th, Nonamesset. There are 
 several more, but so small as to be unworthy of 
 mention. 
 
 Gosnold built a house and fort on Cuttyhunk, the 
 remains of which are still pointed out to tlie curious 
 visitor, and made preliminary arrangements to start 
 a plantation, with the intention of establishing a 
 colony, but his companions seemed to live in mortal 
 terror of the Indians, and finally persuaded him to 
 abandon his project and return to England, which 
 he did, June 18tli, less than a month after they had 
 taken up their abode on this beautiful isle. During 
 their stay at Cuttyhunk they procured large quan- 
 tities of sassafras root, which at that time was worth 
 nearly a dollar })er pound in England, and was sup- 
 posed to possess wonderful medicinal qualities. 
 
 There are three accounts of Gosnold's voyages, and 
 in one of them reference is made to the fact that lie 
 landed on Martha's Vineyard (this island), but for 
 some reason he did not see fit to remain only for a 
 short time. Probably the Indians were hostile to 
 
THE island's history. 9 
 
 the new-comers and looked upon them as intruders. 
 In one of the accounts referred to, the cliffs of Gay 
 Head are described, and Gosnold called these beauti- 
 ful headlands, Dover Cliffs, as they reminded him of 
 those on his own beautiful coast by the same name. 
 
 We also find that he especially mentions that there 
 was on this island (the Vineyard) an abundance of 
 trees and vines of luxurious growth. Five years 
 later, in 1607, Captain Martin Pring, with a more 
 courageous company tlian Gosnold's, anchored in 
 Vine3'ard Haven harbor, which he named Whitsun 
 Bay, and proceeded to build a stockade on the high 
 bluff on the west side of the harbor — now known by 
 the name of Neptune heights, but will be remembered 
 by the older inhabitants as " Huselton's Head." 
 
 Pring traded with the Indians, amused them with 
 music and singing, terrified them with two large 
 mastiffs which he had on board his vessel, and also 
 with the sound of his cannon, and finally, when his 
 means for amusement and intimidation failed, sailed 
 away with a load of the precious root — sassafras — 
 at the first sign of hostility. 
 
 From this time the Vineyard, which had become 
 known to the English by the Indian name of Kapa 
 wack, seems to have been considered one of the most 
 important places on the newl^^-discovered American 
 coast ; and an incident occurred shortly after Pring's 
 adventures here which caused it to attain still trreatcr 
 
10 Martha's vineyard. 
 
 fame, and enjoyed for a short season the reputation 
 of a veritable Eldorado. Epanaw, a Vineyard In- 
 dian, had been captured b}^ a certain Captain Hunt, 
 who took him to England, and displayed him in 
 London for awhile as a curiosity from Kapawack in 
 America. He afterwards fell into the hands of Sir 
 Ferdinando Gorges, and seems to have discovered the 
 predominating trait of the white man, and how to 
 excite it, for he told Gorges that on the island of 
 Kapawack, his native home, there existed a mine of 
 gold — the white man's god, and if he would take him 
 back he would show it to the Englishman. 
 
 Epanaw's cunning statement had its desired effect 
 upon Gorges, for he in company with some of his 
 friends sent a ship to Kapawack in command of a 
 certain Captain Hobson, having Epanaw on board. 
 In due time they arrived, but when the ship came 
 to an anchor at her place of destination (Vineyard 
 Haven) the crafty savage quietly slipped overboard 
 and swam ashore, as he had all along intended, and 
 was soon at his old home. He ever after laughed 
 among his kindred at the Englishman's credulity. 
 Still Gorges and his associates, like many wiser men 
 since, kept up the search for the Eldorado, for under 
 their patronage, a few years later, Captain John Der- 
 mer made two expeditions from the Island of ]\Ion- 
 hegan, on the coast of Maine, to Kapanack (the Vine- 
 yard) in search of the gold, and even the famous 
 
THE island's history. 11 
 
 Captain John Smith contemplated entering the oc- 
 cupation of gold-digging here, but for some reason 
 gave up tlu^ enterprise, and wrote rather disparag- 
 ingly of "those who did prosecute it to an unsu(^cess- 
 ful end." 
 
 A few years after the landing of the Pilgrims at 
 Pl^anouth, in the early morning of our country's 
 history, when occasional sails began to fleck the 
 eastern horizon along the Atlantic coast, like the 
 first rays of light that foretell the comiug day, and 
 prophetic of the human tide that has since poured 
 into this favored land with ever increasing force, 
 from every land, a wave-weary craft, bearing a little 
 band of tried men and women fleeing from oppres- 
 sion and death, find a port of refuge at last. Now 
 their long, determined contest with wind and wave 
 is over, and they cast anchor in the little haven 
 on the northern shore of Martha's Vineyard, (now 
 known as Edgartown), secure at last from persecu- 
 tion and the dangers incident to a voyage of many 
 weeks' duration. As winter was near at hand, they 
 decided to linger in this beautiful haven and await 
 the return of spring before proceeding on their way. 
 Finding, however, a genial climate, Avith fish and 
 game in abundance, they abandoned their original 
 intention of joining the Virginia colony, and decided 
 to establish a permanent settlement, which they did, 
 on the present site of Edgartown. 
 
12 Martha's vineyard. 
 
 Of this little band of tried and hardy adventurers 
 there still remain many worthy representatives oc- 
 cupying, as their fathers before them, high places 
 in the confidence of the people, ready to labor and 
 fight wherever the honor and welfare of their Island 
 and country required a strong arm and cool head. 
 
 According to reliable authority, these pioneers of 
 the Vineyard came from Wiltshire County, England. 
 There will be found Tisbury and Chilmark, tlie 
 original of our own towns by that name, and the 
 family names, there as here, of Luce, Vincent, Nor- 
 ton, West, Pease, Smith, Daggett or Doggett, Look, 
 Holmes and others. 
 
 Li 1641, Thomas Mayhew, an English gentleman, 
 bought Nantucket, Martha's Vineyard and the neigh- 
 boring islands of Sir Ferdinando Gorges and the 
 Earl of Sterling. This Mayhew had been one of 
 the original settlers of Watertown, Mass., and sub- 
 sequently, with some of his neighbors, decided to 
 found a plantation at Great Harbor, (on the Vine- 
 yard), as Edgartown was then called. This Thomas 
 Mayhew had a son, the Rev. Thomas Mayhew, Jr. 
 These gentlemen evidently intended organizing their 
 new purchase under the manorial system of England, 
 for we find in the oldest records that the island is 
 styled the "Manor and Lordship of Martha's Vine- 
 yard." But the pious zeal of the younger Mayhew 
 seems to have led him to make Christians and 
 
THE island's history. 13 
 
 brethren, rather tluui retainers and vassals, of the 
 primitive people which they found on their little 
 domain. 
 
 In due course of time success crowned the labors 
 of the new-comers in their efforts to develop tlie 
 resources of the Vineyard, and the Indian saw that 
 they were his superior ; and he, in his blind super- 
 stition, attributed the improved condition of the 
 white man to the God he worshipped, for one of the 
 natives, Hiacoomes by name, came to the younger 
 Mayhew and told him that he had observed, that 
 ah*liough his people had many gods and the white 
 man but one, the white man raised more corn, 
 caught more fish and lived in better houses than 
 the Indian, and he thought this prosperity must 
 be due to this one powerful God, about whom he 
 wished to be taught. This seems to have opened 
 the younger Ma3diew's eyes to the necessity of 
 Christianizing the Indians, for he labored among 
 them many years. That he was successful is proved 
 by the following extract from his memoirs, pub- 
 lished by his grandson, Rev. Ephraim Mayhew, in 
 1727 : "The first Indian that embraced the notion 
 of forsaking their false gods, and adoring the true 
 one, was Hiacoomes, which was in the j^ear 1643, 
 and by whose aid many of the natives, aided by a 
 severe epidemic that visited the island in 1644, were 
 induced to embrace the Christian faith." 
 
14 Martha's vineyard. 
 
 The colonial history of the island, down to the 
 time of the Revolutionary War, does not differ much 
 from that of the other New England plantations, 
 except that the fruitfulness of the soil, the extra- 
 ordinary mildness of the climate and the teeming 
 treasures of the sea, at its very door as it were, left 
 no room for famine and hardships, which visited 
 the shores of Plymouth and Massachusetts Bays. 
 
 In the Revolution the island suffered much from 
 British invasion and brutality, as did the coast of 
 Connecticut and Rhode Island. The Vineyarders, 
 who were patriotic men, resisted the attempts of the 
 English ships to obtain supplies from the island, 
 and as a consequence lost most of their cattle and 
 crops. 
 
 After the Avar was over came a period of prosperity 
 with the beginning of the whale fishery, from which 
 source the principal wealth of the island has been 
 derived. The Vineyard, like her sister isle Nan- 
 tucket, started the whaling business in the most 
 primitive fashion — at first pursuing these leviathans 
 of the deep in small boats from the shore. This 
 hazardous industr}^ proving lucrative, small vessels 
 were built and fitted out, and thus, at the opening 
 of this century. Vineyard pluck and muscle was 
 fairly pitted against one of the most perilous forces 
 of nature. But, anon, the restless and enterprising- 
 spirit of these people was not satisfied with the re- 
 
THE island's history. 15 
 
 suits of her fisheries in the neighboring Atlantic, 
 and, ere long, Vineyard ships, commanded by Vine- 
 yard's brave and hardy sons, were found in ever}^ 
 quarter of the globe Avherever whales were known to 
 exist, whether beside the icebergs of the Arctic ocean 
 or beneath the scorching rays of an equatorial sun ; 
 if the leviathan was there, he was pretty sure to feel 
 the steel thrust to his vitals b}^ a Vineyard or Nan- 
 tucket arm. Wlien whaling was enjoying its most 
 successful period, sperm oil was used principally for 
 illuminating purposes.''' At one time, however, it 
 was Avortli only thirty cents per gallon, while in 
 1863 it sold for |2.80 per gallon. At the present 
 time this oil is used only as a lubricator, for which 
 no adequate substitute has yet been found. 
 
 When whaling was in its palmiest days. New Bed- 
 ford, Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket had several 
 hundred shijjs employed, and furnished business for 
 about fifteen thousand men, afloat and ashore. This 
 vast fleet was scouring the waters of both hemi- 
 spheres, all dependent on the mighty watchword of 
 " There she blows !" Thus the ruthless hand of man 
 bids fair to exterminate these monsters of the deep ; 
 but a new element comes forth — one long stored up 
 in Nature's vast reservoir, the earth — and the whale 
 escaped annihilation by the discovery of petroleum. 
 
 * It is but a short time since our government substituted petroleum for sjierm 
 oil for illuminating purposes in the lighthouses on our coast. 
 
16 Martha's vineyard. 
 
 The acme of the whaleman's fondest hopes in his 
 wanderings o'er the deep, is to obtain some of the 
 rare substance, more precious than gold in value — 
 the wonderful ambergris, which is a morbid secretion 
 of the liver of the spermaceti whale. It is princi- 
 pally found floating on the water in tropical climates, 
 and is sometimes found in the intestines of the 
 whale, and seems to be the result of disease. Am- 
 bergris is in lumps, weighing from one to thirty 
 pounds. The largest piece ever known weighed one 
 hundred and eighty-two pounds. It was bought by 
 the Dutch East India Company of the king of Ti- 
 dore, and for which was paid a fabulous price. Am- 
 bergris is soluble in alcohol and is used as a base in 
 the manufacture of the most costly perfumes. Tlie 
 present commercial value of this peculiar substance 
 is about $200 per pound, but it has been sold for a 
 much higher price. 
 
 Before leaving the subject of whaling, it may be 
 of interest to the reader to speak of the change in 
 the business, and the methods now employed as 
 compared with those of years ago. Formerly, when 
 the whaleman started on a voyage, he left his home 
 and family from three to five years, it being short- 
 ened or prolonged in proportion to his degree of 
 success or otherwise. Now, a captain or officer 
 packs his trunk and takes the train to San Fran- 
 cisco, where his ship or steamer awaits him, and 
 
THE ISLy\ND's HISTORY. 17 
 
 about the first of May he starts for the Arctic Ocean, 
 where in a short time he is among the whales. In 
 the earl}^ autumn he returns to San Francisco, where 
 he arrives generally sometime in November ; and 
 then, after another week's travel by rail, he finds 
 himself at home again, where he can remain until 
 the next season. 
 
 As previously stated in this article, petroleum 
 has been substituted for whale oil for all illumin- 
 ating purposes and some others, which has greatly 
 reduced the business, though it is still carried on 
 to a limited extent, not so much for the oil as 
 the whalebone. The "right whale" is the only 
 kind taken in the Arctic, and it is more valu- 
 able for the bone than oil. The proper name for 
 whalebone is Baleen. This bone is taken from 
 the head of the whale; it covers the inside of the 
 mouth and in fiber is more like the horn of cattle 
 or the hoof of the horse, than bone. Three kinds 
 are distinguished in commerce, viz., the Greenland, 
 South Sea and North West Coast whalebone. It 
 is used for ribs of umbrellas, parasols and stays, 
 brushes, whips, hair cloth, etc. In 1849 whalebone 
 or Baleen was worth only twelve cents per pound. 
 Now it is worth three dollars and fifty cents per 
 pound, and has sold as high as five dollars. The 
 increased price has led to the use of many substi- 
 tutes, but none are equal to the Baleen. As to the 
 
18 THE island's history. 
 
 method of capturing the whale, that, too, has under- 
 gone a great change. The old way was, that upon 
 the discovery of the monster, the whale-boat was 
 manned by seven or eight men, thoroughly armed 
 with harpoon and lance, and with nerves and mus- 
 cles all atune they were ready for the fray. The 
 boat was rowed near enough to the whale to allow 
 the harpooner to use his weapon. If the first har- 
 poon did not have its desired effect, a second one 
 was thrown, and if these were not effectual a lance 
 was used, and in this way he was finally dispatched. 
 Nowadays sails are used instead of oars to propel 
 the whale-boat, and it steals quietly upon the vic- 
 tim, like a thief in the night. When within a short 
 distance of the whale, a bomb is shot from a gun, 
 held in the hand, and operated in much the same 
 way as an ordinary rifle. The bomb explodes after 
 entering the whale, and quickh^ does its work of 
 destruction. And thus explosives and steam have 
 of late years robbed the whale fishery of its dangers, 
 so that not a few Vineyard ladies, the wives of 
 whaling captains, have dared the perils of the Frigid 
 Zone, and there are ladies here who can tell tales of 
 adventure beneath the sun of the equator, or beside 
 the ice of the Arctic ; and their homes are filled 
 with strange trophies of tlie cliase, that had five 
 oceans for a hunting ground, and a leviathan to 
 furnisli tlie sport. 
 
THE ISLAND^S HISTORV. 19 
 
 The later history of the Vineyard has been that 
 of a growing summer resort, and while it is a story 
 of growth and enterprise, it lacks, perhaps, the 
 romantic interest that hangs about the past. 
 
VINEYARD HAVEN 
 
 Healtt) ai\d SiininqGr Resort, 
 
 Vineyard Haven is a beautiful and picturesque 
 village of about eight hundred inhabitants, situated 
 on the north-east extremity of Martha's Vineyard 
 island, and borders on the shores of a beautiful bay 
 called Vineyard Haven, from which the village de- 
 rives its name. 
 
 The village is built on a pleasant declivity on the 
 western shores of the bay or harbor, affording a 
 beautiful marine view. This position insures to the 
 inhabitants pure air always. 
 
 To the north and west of the village are forests of 
 pines occasionally interspersed with oaks. Undoubt- 
 edly this growth of pines is one of the essential 
 elements which contribute to the wonderful health- 
 fulness of this place. What has been repeatedly 
 asserted in this work relative to the remarkable 
 healthfulness of the air of Martha's Vineyard, is 
 
VINEYARD HAVEN. 21 
 
 particularly true of Vineyard Haven, without an 
 exception. It is favored with cool breezes, fresh 
 from the domains of Neptune both day and night. 
 
 Now if a sojourner is willing to be satisfied with 
 Nature's numerous gifts as a basis for enjoyment, 
 he will certainly find them all here combined, and 
 within easy reach. 
 
 To enumerate the resources that Vineyard Haven 
 has in store for those who may be fortunate enough 
 to avail themselves of its delights, we would men- 
 tion, first, its extraordinarily mild and balmy air of 
 an even temperature. Second, its unrivalled facili- 
 ties for boating and fishing of all kinds. Third, its 
 superior advantages for bathing — especially for chil- 
 dren and invalids as well as for others. Fourth, its 
 excellent drives, affording a sea or country aspect. 
 Especially, I would mention the delicious roads 
 through the pines. Rarely if ever have these pecu- 
 liarly beautiful drives been mentioned as one of the 
 attractions of Vineyard Haven, but to me they have 
 charms inexpressible. 
 
 Some of the happiest hours of my life have been 
 spent in threading these lovely roads, inhaling at 
 every breath the balsamatical odors, more akin to 
 the elixir of life than comprehensible, even to those 
 most susceptible to its influences. Seldom, if ever, 
 is one met in a day's ramble or drive among these 
 sighing, soothing pines, ever ready to respond to the 
 
22 VINEYARD HAVEN. 
 
 mysterious touch of the wind, and give back mood 
 for mood — often suggestive of the analogous possi- 
 bilities in the soul of the listener. I hope the 
 beauties and attractiveness of these roads may be 
 more fully appreciated in the future. 
 
 Another attraction of this quaint old town is the 
 society of the many intelligent sea-captains, who 
 having been successful in their calling, have hauled 
 into port — yea, a veritable haven of rest — to spend 
 the remainder of their days in enjoying the price of 
 their labors. Each of these interesting sons of old 
 Neptune have in store a fund of knowledge and ad- 
 venture that would make a novelist's pen tame. On 
 every hand the tourist will meet with these captains, 
 who have trod the quarter-deck in every clime, 
 chasing the great whale from equatorial calms to 
 the ice-bound regions of either pole. They have 
 thrown the stars and stripes to the breeze in every 
 port, bay or inlet where man exists. Now in their 
 declining days they are enjoying their pleasant and 
 well-furnished homes and contribute to the welfare 
 of others. Many of them have their boats and 
 yachts, mere miniatures of the noble ships they once 
 commanded. In the delightful summer days they 
 while away the time in sailing along the Island's 
 historic shores, or cast their hooks with cunning 
 hand, to lure the fish from his hiding-place among 
 the rocks that skirt its pleasant banks. 
 
VINEYARD HAVEN. 23 
 
 Since the practical abandonment of the whale 
 fisheries, and the almost entire absorption of the 
 ocean freighting business by steamers, but few of 
 the young men here go to sea as their fathers did 
 before them, but they may be found in the great 
 business centres of the country, fully sustaining the 
 reputation and expectations of those who have sent 
 them abroad to fight the battle, that when won, 
 shall warrant their retiring to their loved isle in the 
 by and by of declining years. And the daughters, 
 they, too, may be found in many States of the 
 Union, loving and honorable wives of proud hus- 
 bands, who wooed them in their island homes for 
 themselves alone; and thus with the young folks 
 abroad and the old ones at home in their satisfied 
 retirement, a quiet peace has settled down upon a 
 God-fearing people, provided with a modest compe- 
 tence, living happily in tlie hopes and traditions of 
 their fathers. 
 
 To the American who has experienced the pres- 
 sure of professional or commercial life, and begins 
 to feel the need of a respite at least, I would say to 
 him come to Vinej'ard Haven, and he will find a 
 quiet charm, and there will come over him a feeling 
 of restfulness and security new and soothing, and 
 the words of the poet will be exemplified, 
 
 "And ob, if there be an Elysium on earth, 
 It is this, it is this." 
 
24 VINEYARD HAVEN. 
 
 Perhaps it would not be amiss to mention more 
 particularly some of the many residents that once 
 ploughed the ocean blue. 
 
 Captain William Cleveland, still hale and hearty, 
 is a fair specimen of the type I wish to represent. 
 He has been in the whaling business (from cabin- 
 boy to master) the greater part of his life, sailing 
 from New Bedford, and making many successful 
 voyages. He. retired from that calling some years 
 ago, but he was so thoroughly imbued with the ele- 
 ments of a sailor's life that he has since continued 
 to keep afloat the " Clara," a trim yacht of which 
 he is master and owner. This neat and "able" craft 
 is constantly used in summer in taking out fishing 
 and sailing parties. Capt. Cleveland's well-known 
 genial and accommodating qualities have attracted 
 to him a class of patrons, among whom we found 
 Judges, Doctors of Divinity, Generals, Colonels, law- 
 yers and merchants — most of them of national dis- 
 tinguishment. 
 
 Captain Leander Winslow is another one of our 
 old veterans, and though he has passed the last 
 mile-stone of the time allotted to man, he still sails 
 the "Aunt Sukey," a representative type of the style 
 of boats built here a hundred years ago. The Aunt 
 Sukey herself is seventy-seven years old, but she is 
 still staunch and hard to beat by the modern " fly- 
 ers," especially with a " wet sheet and a flowing 
 
VINEYARD HAVEN. 25 
 
 sea," and the old sailor at the helm. Captain Win- 
 slow also has a class of patrons second to none; 
 among them may be mentioned Judge Arnoux, Dr. 
 Markore and family, Dr. Wheelock and family, 
 and the celebrated architect Robinson, all of New 
 York. Also the Hon. Philip Corbin of New Bi-it- 
 ain, Conn., and S. S. Scranton of Hartford, Conn. 
 These and hundreds of others, have had their pleas- 
 ant trips on the "Aunt Sukey," and many a fine 
 fish have they flipped in over her gunwales in the 
 days of sunnner time gone by. 
 
 Perhaps a bit of "Aunt Sukey's " early history 
 would interest our country or city cousins. A few 
 days ago I dropped in to see friend Winslow, in his 
 snug old cottage by the shore, and found the old 
 sailor hale and hearty and as " chipper " as a young- 
 robin, and in answer to m}' inquiry in regard to 
 " Aunt Sukey" he narrated the following, which I 
 give in his own language : 
 
 " I'm seventy-seven years old, and expect to run 
 the ' Aunt Sukey' a good spell yet. How old is the 
 ' Aunt Sukey ' do you ask ? Lemme see ; she was 
 built in 1812, jist about the time the war broke out. 
 I bought her forty-eight years ago, an' she's better 
 now than when I got her. How's that, you ask ? 
 Oh, cause Pve rebuilt her and fixed her up ginerally. 
 She's in ship shape order now, haint an iron nail in 
 her all copper. She went to New York several 
 
26 VINEYARD HAVEN. 
 
 times during the war of '12 and brought provisions 
 for folks in Vineyard Haven. 'Course I wan't old 
 enough to do that kind o' work in the war of '12. 
 Father (his name was Isaac) had a boat, too, about 
 the same size and kind as the 'Aunt Sukey.' His 
 boat's name was the ' Old Kite.' Father, he used to 
 go to New York in the ' Old Kite' and bring home a 
 kind of a gineral cargo, such as butter, cheese, etc. 
 He got took, too, by the English. You see them 
 was mighty ticklish times ; you see, father had been 
 to New York in the ' Old Kite,' and had got back as 
 far as Wood's Hole all right. Now there was an 
 English schooner a-layin' up to Tarpaulin Cove, 
 and somehow or other these tarnal Englishmen 
 found out that the ' Old Kite' was in Wood's Hole, 
 and so they come down in a boat and took her, 
 cargo and all, and took father with them, too. They 
 took all his stuff, but finally they give him his boat 
 and let him go free. As soon as they let him off 
 father made up his mind that they hadn't done 
 with him yit, and afore a great while he would 
 show 'em a 'Yankee trick.' So, as soon as they let 
 him go he started for Falmouth. He knowed a 
 Cap'n Jinkins up there that wan't afeerd of no 
 English, and was always ready for any kind of a 
 scrape with 'em. Now Cap'n Jinkins had a wood 
 sloop a-layin' up to Falmouth, and when father told 
 him how the English had sarved him, Cap'n Jinkins 
 
VINEYARD HAVEN. 27 
 
 immediately made a muster of sixty malitia men of 
 his town. They went aboard his sloop carryin' two 
 brass cannon, and each man was also armed with a 
 musket. Cap'n Jinkins had the men put a lot of 
 pine wood onto the sloop's deck to cover up the 
 cannon. He put his men in the sloop's hole and 
 told 'em to stay there till he stomped liis foot. 
 When night came on they started for Tarpaulin 
 Cove, where the Englishman was still a-layin'. By 
 the time the sloop got up to Tarpaulin it was purty 
 well onto the latter part of the night. The sloop 
 made right for the English war vessel, intendin' to 
 capture her, if possible. As the sloop drawed near 
 to the Englishmen and hauled up 'round her stern 
 they was hailed by the cap'n of the Englishmen, 
 and sez he, 'What sloop is that?' Cap'n Jinkins 
 answered back, 'The "Betsey" of Nantucket.' He 
 knew that the English were friendly with Nan- 
 tucket at that time, and so he give that answer to 
 put the Cap'n off his guard. The Cap'n of the 
 Englishmen, his name w^as Potter, and he told the 
 First Lieutenant to go aboard the sloop and see if 
 everything was all right, but he wouldn't do it, 
 ' 'cause,' sez he, ' 'cordin' to my idee there is powder 
 aboard that 'ere sloop.' 'Wall,' said Cap'n Potter, 
 ' go aboard and smell on it.' But he wouldn't 
 budge. ' Wall,' said Cap'n Potter, 'if you daresn't 
 go, I'll go myself.' You see the sloop was anchored 
 
28 VINEYARD HAVEN. 
 
 SO near the schooner that Cap'n Jmkins could hear 
 every word they said. Howsumever, Cap'n Potter 
 went aboard the sloop, and soon as he landed on 
 her deck he asked Cap'n Jinkins some questions 
 about Nantucket, and he gave Cap'n Potter some 
 answers that Cap'n Potter knew to be false, as he 
 had been to Nantucket a short time afore that. 
 'Bout that time Cap'n Potter come to the conclusion 
 that he was in a trap, and without another word he 
 up with the gun he had in his hand and aimed at 
 Cap'n Jinkins and pulled the trigger, but that old 
 ' King's Arm' refused duty that time, at least, 'cause 
 it misfired. At that, Cap'n Jinkins drew his cutlass 
 and laid it across Cap'n Potter's neck and told him 
 to surrender, and at the same time he stomped his 
 foot and up come his men a-pourin' out of the hole, 
 and in less than no time they clapped the irons onto 
 him. As soon as he found he was in irons he hol- 
 lered to his lieutenant to set fire to the magazine 
 and blow up his vessel. But Cap'n Jinkins soon 
 put a stop to this talk between 'em by puttin' Cap'n 
 Potter down below in the hole of the sloop. Then 
 in a jifiy they had the sloop alongside of the Brit- 
 isher afore that thick-headed lieutenant knew what 
 they was about. 'Twasn't but a mighty few min- 
 utes afore they had charge o' that ere English craft, 
 I tell ye. They didn't show much fight, that is the 
 English didn't, 'cause you see havin' their Cap'n 
 
VINEYARD HAVEN". 29 
 
 aboard our sloop in irons kind o' took the courage 
 out on 'em. After our folks had got charge of the 
 Englishmen, Cap'n Jin kins asked the lieutenant 
 why he didn't fire the magazine and blow her up, 
 accordin' to Cap'n Potter's orders. ' 'Cause,' said 
 the lieutenant, ' I thought too much of the number 
 of my mess to do it.' 
 
 "Wall, they took the schooner up to Falmouth 
 where she w\as confiscated and Cap'n Potter and liis 
 crew were put under lock and key for safe keepin' 
 for a while. Father he thought he would like to see 
 Cap'n Potter, and pay him his respects afore startin' 
 for home, so he called on him and sez to him, ' Cap'n, 
 some things are mighty unsartin' here in this world.' 
 Sez Cap'n Potter, 'how's that?' Sez father, 'Yister- 
 day I was your prisoner and to-day you are ours, and 
 I guess 3'ou won't bother any more boatmen this 
 3''ear. 
 
 "Then father got this boat and about two-thirds 
 of his cargo, and started for home, and the song- 
 he sung comin over along was : 
 
 Oil Potter! poor Potter, 
 Potter's run his glass, 
 Oh Potter! poor Potter, 
 For Jinkins's got him fast." 
 
 I trust the reader will pardon me, for such a 
 lengthy digression from my subject, namely, Vine- 
 yard Haven as a Health and Summer Resort. 
 
 Thus far the tenor of this work has been to show 
 
30 VINEYARD HAVEN. 
 
 and to prove to the reader the advantages and at- 
 tractions of Martha's Vineyard in general and Vine- 
 yard Haven in particular. Now the skeptical may 
 say, there are some tilings that you have not men- 
 tioned which are of vital importance when the sub- 
 ject of health and comfort is considered. Such 
 questions as these, he would ask, accompanied by an 
 ironical smile. 
 
 I don't suppose you have any fog down there in 
 the summertime, have you? How about mosquitoes, 
 have you any of them, or do they all go over to Cape 
 Cod to spend the heated term? 
 
 What kind of drinking Avater do you have? And 
 as to the cost of board in your lovely town by the 
 sea ? Will the amount of a visitor's bill, at the end 
 of the season, be so great as to cause all its 
 advantages and attractions to sink into oblivion? 
 
 In answer to the fog question, I Avould say, that I 
 have lived on Martha's Vineyard and in its vicinity 
 for thirty-five years, and have had an extensive and 
 varied observation of the fog area or belt of the 
 Massachusetts coast, and, as a matter of fact. Vine- 
 yard Haven, Edgar town, and Cottage City are the 
 only places I know of, wherein it can be truthfully 
 asserted that a foggy day (entire) has never occurred, 
 at least, during my residence at this place. 
 
 Now as to mosquitoes — The tourist or summer 
 visitor, has undoubtedly had occasion to say in his 
 
VINEYARD HAVEN. 31 
 
 heart that "all muii arc liars" on this subject, or 
 especially those who solicit patronage from an un- 
 suspecting public. 
 
 We do have mosquitoes on Martha's Vineyard, but 
 we would say that they are not of the Jersey 
 species — but rather of the diminutive, debilitated 
 kind of mosquitoes, and have evidently come here 
 from afar to recuperate their wasted energies. Last 
 season they were conspicuously absent. By taking 
 a little precaution, no one need, at any time, be 
 annoyed by them. 
 
 In regard to the drinking water, Nature, with her 
 bountiful hand, has guaranteed to Vineyard Haven 
 and ''West Chop" an unlimited supply of pure 
 spring water. When we say pure water, we do not 
 use the term in its strict sense, as chemically pure 
 water does not exist under ordinary circumstances ; 
 but we have it from undoubted authority that the 
 chemist who made the analysis of the "Tashmoo" 
 water stated that it was the nearest approach to 
 absolute purity of any that had been submitted to 
 him for test in this State. 
 
 I herewith append a copy of the certificate ren- 
 dered by the ''State Board of Health" of the analy- 
 sis of this water : 
 
32 VINEYARD HAVEN. 
 
 ANALYSIS OF WATER TAKEN FROM TASHMOO SPRINGS, SEPT. 11, 18S8. 
 
 
 Date 
 
 Appear- 
 
 Odor. 
 
 Residue 
 
 Ammonia. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 of 
 
 ance. 
 
 
 on Evaporation. 
 
 
 
 
 OQ 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 No. 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 n 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 '6 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 >i 
 
 
 
 
 
 .2 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 <»' 
 
 
 — 
 
 □ 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 M 
 
 -a 
 
 s 
 
 
 2 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 "3 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 Op 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 O 
 
 H 
 
 H 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 W 
 
 H 
 
 O 
 
 E 
 
 o 
 
 Ii( 
 
 <1 
 
 O 
 
 J5 
 
 'A 
 
 ta 
 
 
 Sep 
 
 1888 
 
 No. 
 sedi- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3165 
 
 11 
 
 13 
 
 ment. 
 
 0.0 
 
 None 
 
 None 
 
 4.00 
 
 0.45 
 
 3.55 None 
 
 .0000 
 
 .0010 
 
 .73 
 
 .0050 
 
 .0000 
 
 
 Temperature of water 49° F. 
 
 These springs had bubbled forth in their native 
 purity for ages, untrammeled by the hand of man. 
 But one day, the fertile brain of a summer visitor 
 conceived the idea of leading these limpid waters 
 into the houses of the villagers, and it was in this 
 way that it came about. In the summer of 1885, a 
 gentleman from Colorado was sojourning at Vine- 
 yard Haven, and in his rambles among the hills in 
 the vicinity of the village he came upon '' Tashmoo " 
 springs, that fed the beautiful lake by that name, and 
 after tasting it he said to a friend, here is a source 
 from which Vineyard Haven, and, in fact, all the 
 island if necessary, can draw an inexhaustible supply 
 of water. 
 
 As to the name of these springs, our best authority 
 is the following legend, for which we are indebted 
 to Mrs. Captain M. A. Claghorn of Vineyard Haven. 
 Also the pleasing poem which is based on the 
 legend. 
 
VINEYARD HAVEN. OO 
 
 LEGEND. 
 
 Pohosanot, an old sachem, who ruloil an Indian tribe neur S<niil)n()C- 
 ket, ambitions for his only son, Tashmoo, after loading him throuuli 
 the mysteries of his own grovcrnment, f?ave him a distant portion of 
 his domain to rule. As he was about to start on his new mission Quam- 
 peechee, his mother, supposed to possess the wonderful gift of second 
 sight, told him of the beautiful springs of pure water that would mark 
 his journey's end, and giving him a snow white shell bade him drink 
 therefrom, and give his name to the fair land of water brooks, and that 
 peace and plenty would crown his reign. 
 
 TASHMOO. 
 Away went Tashmoo toward the rising sun, 
 Toward the East he would strike the trail 
 Where his father's trusty braves and he 
 Shot the rabbit and the quail. 
 
 He sought a path o'er the desolate plains, 
 Till he came to the red hill way, 
 Down across the Stepping Stones, 
 By the lodge of Acbtequay. 
 
 Then saw the shimmer of the salt lagoon. 
 And white-winged gulls with noisy tune; 
 While the rolling hills of the border-land 
 Rose green beyond the tide washed sand. 
 
 Up a ravine through the shady woods, 
 Along to the deeper solitudes 
 On sped Tashmoo, when before his eyes 
 A startled fawn to the upland tlies? 
 
 But no, for then on the yielding sand 
 He caught as he passed, with eager hand, 
 A little moccason 'broidered and gay. 
 One treasure at least he found on the way. 
 
 He stops not to dream 'till his journey is done. 
 Still following the lead of the rising sun, 
 'Till he catches a glimpse of his fair domain, 
 Stretching abroad o'er hill and plain. 
 5 
 
34 VINEYARD HAVEN. 
 
 There rippling over tlie pebbles white, 
 
 The crystal waters are sparkling bright; 
 
 Gushing down from the hidden springs, 
 
 To the grassy dell where the brown bird sings. 
 
 Here Tashmoo took from a leathern belt, 
 A polished sea shell, then he knelt 
 To drink for a blessing on his reign, 
 And gave the gnrgling springs his name. 
 
 It bore a charm for the chieftain's tribe. 
 They followed the water course far and wide 
 Where cornfields green and golden grain 
 With wondrous stores of fish and game 
 
 Told the story of plenty and peace. 
 And here the legend seems to cease, 
 Wliile a cycle of years go by. 
 
 Then another chief,* with thoughtful mien, 
 Surveyed these lands with plan and scheme, 
 And turned the wayward Avaters' tide 
 Over the hill down the other side. 
 
 May blessings fall on the toil-worn hands, 
 All honor crown the busy brains. 
 And the prophetic success of the wilderness 
 Follow the track of the water-mains. 
 
 Mrs. M. A. Claghorn. 
 
 *0. G. Stanley. 
 
 Acting upon his convictions, Mr. Stanley at once 
 laid the matter before a number of Boston capitalists, 
 who immediately proceeded to establish a complete 
 water system between the springs and Vineyard 
 Haven. Tliis not only gives the village an ample 
 supply for general use, but also for protection against 
 fire. 
 
VINKYAKI) HAVEN. 35 
 
 Tvast season tlie town purchased suitable apparatus 
 to be used in connection with the water system, and 
 with the two combined we are thoroughly armed 
 and equipped against a repetition of the disastrous 
 conflagration which laid waste the principal part of 
 our beautiful village several years ago. The season 
 of '89 finds the Boston gentlemen making an ex- 
 tension of the water system from Vineyard Haven 
 to their new village of 
 
 WEST CHOP. 
 
 This new village deserves more than a passing 
 notice. It is situated two miles north of Vineyard 
 Haven, and is located on a beautiful bluff overlook- 
 ing Vineyard Sound, and it has all the natural and 
 essential elements of a delightful summer watering- 
 place. 
 
 In some respects it has advantages superior to 
 any other part of the island. By reference to the 
 map on the cover of this work it will be seen that 
 this village of West Chop is at that part of tlie 
 island nearest to the main land, l)eing but about 
 eighteen minutes ride by steamer''' from Wood's 
 Holl, the terminus of the rail route from Boston. 
 
 This shortness of water-route precludes the possi- 
 bility of being sea-sick, no minor consideration, as 
 the reader may know, perhaps, by sad experience. 
 
 *A8 we go to press we learn tliat the proprietors of West Obop bave purchased a staunch 
 steamer to ply between Wood's Holl and West Chop this summer. 
 
36 VINEYARD HAVEN. 
 
 From West Chop a grand ocean view may be had, 
 and it is ever changing, a veritable marine panorama 
 is ahiiost constantly presented to the observer. The 
 entire commerce of the United States, together with 
 the famous yachts of the coiintr}', pass and repass 
 within a short distance and in full view of West 
 Chop. It is estimated tliat oO,OUO vessels of various 
 kinds pass this place annually, many of wliich 
 enter ^^ineyard Haven harbor as a port of refuge, 
 thus often presenting a marine picture both anima- 
 ted and interesting. 
 
 We believe that this new village of West Chop 
 will soon become a celebrated resort for health and 
 comfort. It is in the hands of gentlemen of ample 
 means and ability, and thus a successful future for 
 West Chop is undoubtedly assured. 
 
 As to the cost of living or board on Martha's 
 Vineyard, that varies somewhat according to size or 
 number of rooms desired. The ordinary price of 
 good board, including room, is from seven to ten 
 dollars per week. 
 
THE BEAUTIFUL HAVEN OVER THE SEA. 
 
 ANOTHER "SUMMER VISITOR" DESCRIBES VINEYARD 
 HAVEN AS SEEN BY HIM. 
 
 We clip the following from the Martha's Vineyard 
 Herald, a paper published at Cottage City : 
 
 To the Editor of the Herald: 
 
 In prospecting for a possible future home, I have made sundry visits 
 to Edgartown and have been pleased with its beauties, these have 
 proved sufficient to captivate; but I have also been drawn to that other 
 island village, Vineyard Haven, and its delightful situation and desir- 
 able attractions have also in turn, secured my admiration; and to ex- 
 press the situation in the language of a poetic writer, which I quote 
 imperfectly, no doubt, "How happy I'd be with either, were t'other 
 dear charmer awaj'." 
 
 We old, gray heads remember seeing on the maps in our geographies, 
 the location of a village on the island of Martha's Vineyard, to which 
 was given the unpoetic name, "Holmes' Hole." With this name we 
 associated ideas conforming to the ridiculous title, and so when the 
 undersigned learned that the name Vineyard Haven was a new one for 
 the ancient village of Holmes' Hole, he was curious to inspect the 
 place which once had the cavernous title; he went, he saw, he was en- 
 raptured. What he found was not a dismal hole of any sort, but a 
 beautiful, cheery, bright village, full of pretty homes, surrounded 
 with rural adornments, embowered in shade and made attractive with 
 well kept lawns, gardens and flowers, added to these, a respectable 
 
38 THE BEAUTIFUL HAVEN OVER THE SEA. 
 
 number of shops and stores, hotels, and other places of business, all of 
 which was an agreeable surprise. The village, built near the head of 
 the famous harbor, has an admirable situation. The site graduallj' 
 rises from the water to a considerable altitude ; the principal streets 
 extend parallel with the shore, and the rising ground gives excellent 
 locations for residences, nearly all of which enjoy the delightful pros- 
 pect of the waters and shipping of the harbor, the beautiful and ever 
 changing panorama of the Sound. There is a charming commingling 
 of ancient shingled residences, built in the last century, or in the early 
 years of the present one, and of stylish modern dwellings and stores. 
 One can study the various phases of rural architecture, and note the 
 progress from Puritan simplicity to the extravagance of the present 
 decade, and the homes of the great grand-fathers and those of the 
 present generation, stand side by side, illustrating the old "colonial," 
 and modern " Queen Anne " styles. 
 
 Vineyard Haven is to-day, not only a business center for a large por- 
 tion of the island, but it is rapidly becoming a summer resort. Its sit- 
 uation at the head of the magnificent harbor, is one of rare excellence ; 
 the prevailing south west breeze of the summer months, coming across 
 the waters of the bay and the lagoon, renders its temperature delight- 
 fully cool and enjoyable at all times; the prospect over land and sea is 
 an enchanting picture; the facilities for bathing, boating, sailing, fish- 
 ing, are ample; the drive over the road following the beach and the 
 bluffs, is one of the most charming in the land; and back of the village 
 are winding roads and paths leading to the lake, "Tashmoo," the 
 beauties of which must be seen to be appreciated; good hotels provide 
 accommodations for a portion of the summer visitors and many others 
 find pleasant quarters elsewhere in the village. 
 
 The government of this fair haven of rest seems to be perfection 
 itself, as it secures the residents against all annoyances, and no disturb- 
 ing elements or causes for complaints, on the score of intemperance or 
 any form of immorality exist. It is a well ordered, peaceful commu- 
 nity, offering rare inducements to all seeking either a permanent or 
 temiiorary home. Judging from what has been done in the iiast in the 
 way of making Vineyard Haven a popular summer resort, the future 
 of the place is full of promise, and as the whole western shore of the 
 harbor affords sites for building that are unexcelled, it is not improba- 
 able that within a few 3'ears there will be a continuous succession of 
 
THE BEAUTIFUL HAVEN OVER THE SEA. 89 
 
 villas and cottages, extending from the village to tlie lighthouse at 
 West Chop. Aside from this location there is also the suburb of Oak- 
 lahoma, situated on the bluffs, on the western shore of the Lagoon, 
 within a short drive of the village. At this place there is ah-eady a 
 hotel and sevei'al cottages, and the grounds adjacent give locations f<jr 
 homes which command a superb marine prospect of greai extent. 
 
 As this i)lace becomes better known to the denizens of our crowded 
 cities, it will receive a larger share of attention and peo[)le will flock to 
 it in larger numbers, and all who do so, will land Vineyard Haven, de- 
 sirable in all things. H. 
 
Cottage (^ity. 
 
 This Cottage City of America is located on the 
 northeast extremity of Martha's Vineyard and but 
 two miles from Vineyard Haven. It is built on 
 pleasant bluffs overlooking the waters of Vinej^ard 
 Sound. The Martha's Vineyard Camp-meeting 
 Association, the Oak Bluffs Land and Wharf Com- 
 pany and the Vineyard Grove Company are three 
 distinct organizations, but topographically consid- 
 ered they are one, blended in appearance, are essen- 
 tially the same in their purposes, and have been con- 
 solidated and incorporated under the comprehen- 
 sive and beautiful title of Cottage City. 
 
 This place was selected by some far-seeing Metho- 
 dists on account of its secluded and beautiful situa- 
 tion for an annual camp-meeting ground, and here 
 their first meeting was held in August, 1835, which 
 proved to be the nucleus of this favorite summer 
 resort. These camp-meetings were very simple and 
 unique in character. Tlie worshippers occupied 
 rude tents, and the first vear there were onlv nine 
 
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COTTAGE CITY. 41 
 
 of them, but each succeeding year these meetings 
 assumed larger proportions until they became the 
 largest and more fully attended than any other 
 meeting of the kind in the country. 
 
 In the meantime cottages took the place of tents, 
 some of humble proportio'ns, others of ample size, 
 with beautiful grounds, built by wealthy men from 
 many cities, who came with their families and 
 friends to spend the summer months, and surely 
 they were wise in choosing this location where they 
 could live in quietude, order and fraternity in this 
 fair}^ city by the sea, which has within itself so 
 many resources for pure enjoyment. 
 
 To-day Cottage City is not only a religious centre, 
 but it is a social and intellectual 07i-e as well.' Tlie 
 Methodist society have erected a huge iron ta])erna- 
 cle with a seating capacity for several thousand ; they 
 also have a neat and tasteful chapel near the taber- 
 nacle. The grounds surrounding these structures 
 are adorned with beds of blooming flowers, concrete 
 walks and lovely lawns, shaded by native oaks. 
 
 The Baptists have, likewise, established a yearly 
 meeting here, which is held one week in August. 
 Their first meeting was held in 1877. They also 
 have a fine tabernacle and chapel, and their meet- 
 ings are largely attended. 
 
 The Episcopals have an elegant church here also, 
 which was the gift of a wealthy parishioner. Ser- 
 
42 COTTAGE CITY. 
 
 vices are held in this church during the summer 
 season. Cottage City is well })rovided with first- 
 class hotels and boarding-houses, among which we 
 will mention the Seaview Hotel, Highland House, 
 Pawnee House, Island House, Searell's Hotel, Wes- 
 ley House, Naumkeag and Prospect Houses, and 
 others. 
 
 Last, but not least, we would mention Agassiz 
 Hall, a fine large building in which the " Martha's 
 Vineyard Summer Institute " is held annually, be- 
 ginning about the middle of July and continuing 
 for five 'weeks. This Institute was established in 
 1878. Its object is for the purpose of affording to 
 teachers and others the opportunity of combining 
 the study of some specialty with rest and recreation 
 at a delightful and inexpensive seaside resort. The 
 professors of the various departments are among the 
 best educators in the land. The opportunity of 
 meeting and forming the acquaintance of these 
 learned men and women, coming, as they do, from 
 all parts of the country, is, in itself, well worth the 
 cost of attending. Last year there were students in 
 attendance at this Institute from thirty difterent 
 States and Territories. 
 
Dr. Tucker's Cottage. Cottage City. 
 
Martha's Vineyard- 
 
 TRIBUTE TO HER ATTRACTIVENESS FROM 
 AUTHORITY ABROAD. 
 
 THE AMERICAN ISLE OF WIGHT. 
 
 We clip the following from the Vineyard Gazette, 
 a paper published at Edgartown, the county-seat of 
 Martha's Vineyard. It was established in 1846, and 
 is the leading paper of the island. 
 
 [FIIOM DU. OEO. B. CORNELL, BROOKLYN, N. Y.j 
 
 Mr. Editor: 
 
 On the approach of the summer's sun, the increasing- temperature of 
 the city reminds us pleasantly- of the refreshing, cool breezes of your 
 own delightful Island of Martha's Vineyard; its many places of resort 
 for one's health and amusement; the familiar routes for promenaders, 
 either by daj* or evening; the healthful drives by the '' sea-beat shore," 
 over the open country, or through the narrow woodland pass, fanned 
 by verdant foliage in rapidly gliding along; secluded spots for bathing 
 sports either of a quiet or livelj' character; all these rush into the mind 
 so vividly that for a moment we are lost in the reverie and in imagina- 
 tion are with you again. When your humble servant last returned to 
 Edgartown he did so with general health exhausted by long continued 
 professional labors, the city field of practice being abandoned for the 
 pur]iose of rest seeking in a quiet "Retreat' in the country. As it is 
 
44 A TRIBUTE FROM ABROAD. 
 
 a crime for a physician to say " I am sick," and to avoid the ordinary 
 response "Physician, heal thyself," this little personal detail was kept 
 a profound secret, until, "with exercise on the place, grooming- the 
 horses, training the colts, indulging in the fashionable amusement of 
 raising poultry, drinking of the natural, sparkling water of the place, 
 which was more beneficial than medicine, breathing into the lungs that 
 soul-inspiring atmosphere which is almost sufficient through its recu- 
 perative powers to raise the dead," unconsciously was restored that lost 
 treasure which was so earnestly desired. The island is a grand sani- 
 tarium to which thousands of invalids would resort were they con- 
 scious of the health-restoring, soul-reviving, strength-imi)arting quali- 
 ties of those natural elements and cheerful surroundings which one can 
 so freely find on Martha's Vineyard, but more especially on the eastern 
 portion of the island, looking out as it does upon the vast expanse of 
 the "Atlantic," with nothing of any character intervening to laden the 
 air with disease or impurity or to rob it of that strength or tonic power 
 which has so frequently charmed the saddened into singing, the sick 
 into healthfulness, imiterceptibly imparting vigor of body to the debil- 
 itated. 
 
 It is to the social village of Edgartown one may flee from the heated, 
 noisy, crowded, dusty city, and find one's self so comfortable, cool 
 and calm and free from the collision of crowds, where malaria never 
 generates. There, clocks are not needed to alarm the sleeper in the 
 morning, to remind of the approaching mealtime, or to notify the 
 promenader of the lateness of the hour; as the good old town bell 
 rings at 7 A. M. for breakfast; 12 M. for dinner; 6 P. M. for supper; 
 and at 9 P. M. for repairing home for the night. Very considerately 
 has the funeral tolling of the bell been silenced while the respectful 
 procession sadly wends its way to the sacred little cemetery with the 
 lamented dead, least some aged traveller, tottering on the bank, might 
 be saddened or hastened across the river. The churches of the place 
 also exercise generosity rarely surpassed elsewhere, each inviting the 
 public to listen to only one sermon on the Sabbath, but so arranging 
 the appointments that one can enjoy two of them if desired. The 
 postotlice department disiienses its contents to the public twice "per 
 diem," which visitors so highly api)reciate. In all these privileges the 
 writer rejoices to have been a participant, when at the expiration of 
 three short years, instead of being "laid away," he found himself in 
 
A TRIBUTE FROM ABROAD. 45 
 
 the enjoyment of perfect health, and on the fly to "the City of 
 Churches, " to resume professional life with the zeal and activity of a 
 boy of twenty-one, amply rewarded for his trouble in change of resi- 
 dence. There is not on the face of this wide earth a place better 
 adapted naturally for the restoration of the invalid to health than your 
 Martha's Vineyard; and to verify my impressions of the location the 
 family will report at "Retreat Cottage " on the thirtieth of this month; 
 while the doctor is so robust as not to require a vacation, and may drop 
 down for a few days only, sufficiently long to shake the cordial hands 
 of the many warm friends still with you remaining. Martha's Vine- 
 yard will ever be remembered by the writer with gratitude for the in- 
 valuable blessing of health so hapjnly imparted from his brief residence 
 in Edgartown. Its future undoxibtedly is to be glorious; for where 
 can health be found if not on your "sea girt isle?" 
 
 George B. CoRNEi.ii. 
 Brooklyn, N. Y., May S, ISSO. 
 
THE FAVORABLE EFFECT OF OCEAN CURRENTS 
 
 Climate of Martha's Vineyard. 
 
 The great ocean tidal wave known as the flood 
 tide, sweeps in upon the coast in this locality every 
 twelve hours. The temperature of this tidal wave 
 in summer time at the surface is about 65° Fahren- 
 heit, while at a depth of one hundred feet or more 
 it is 55°. To the eastward and in the immediate 
 vicinity of this Island are large sand shoals, which 
 have an area of thousands of acres. 
 
 These sand shoals, therefore, serve as an obstruc- 
 tion to the normal action of the flood tidal wave, 
 and the water, in order to find its level, or to equal- 
 ize itself in its onward course, comes in contact 
 with these shoals, causing the colder water to be 
 whirled to the surface, thus cooling the atmosphere 
 
 *The author of this work has for years made a study of the phenomena of the tidal cur- 
 rents of the American coast, the result of which is embodied iu a work published annually, 
 entitled " Eldridge's Tide and Current Tables for the Coast of the United States." It has 
 been adopted by the mariners of this country as the standard for correct data relative to 
 tidal currents, and has already reached its fifteenth edition. 
 
FAVORABLE EKKECJTS OF OOEAN CURRENTS. 
 
 47 
 
 for miles around, and thereby keeping the mereury 
 far below the nineties. 
 
 The action of the ocean currents referred to secures 
 to the Island a climate of less variation in tempera- 
 ture than at any other place on the New England 
 coast. 
 
 To substantiate this declaration we refer tlie 
 reader to the following table which we are able to 
 present through the courtesy of Mr. Max Wagner, 
 the efficient observer of the U. S. Signal Service 
 Station at Vineyard Haven : 
 
 Months. 
 
 January 
 
 February 
 
 March 
 
 April 
 
 May 
 
 June 
 
 July 
 
 AlKUST 
 
 SEPTEMBER. 
 
 October 
 
 November 
 
 December 
 
 Avemge 
 
 monthly tem- 
 
 pei'ature. 
 
 1887. 
 32.2 
 81.0 
 33.6 
 44 8 
 57.2 
 63.2 
 73.2 
 71..> 
 (>1.4 
 54.0 
 46.2 
 37 6 
 
 jVveiage 
 monthly tem- 
 perature. 
 
 1888. 
 29.9 
 30.0 
 35.1 
 44.5 
 54.9 
 67.3 
 68.1 
 71.4 
 
 (n.i 
 
 50.4 
 47.0 
 37 1 
 
 [By reference to this table it will be observed that the average tem- 
 perature for the months of August in 1887 and 1888 differed but one- 
 
48 FAVORABLE EFFECTS OF OCEAN CURRENTS. 
 
 tenth of a degree. The difference in September in these years was but 
 three-tenths of a degree. The average diffirence of the months of 
 Jtily is much more, but we account for it from the fact that the month 
 of July, 1887, was an exceptionally hot month all over the coiintry.— 
 
 AUTHOB ] 
 
 In winter, with Cape Cod and Nantucket to the 
 eastward of Martha's Vineyard, an effectual barrier 
 is formed to turn the cold Arctic current from the 
 nortli aside, to the soutliward — and causes it to sink 
 below the Gulf Stream, and onward it hurries to cool 
 the fevered brow of the inhabitant of the Tropics. 
 
 According to the exhaustive explorations, made 
 by the U. S. coast survey officers in 1863, under the 
 masterly direction of A. I). Bache, the fact was 
 established, that the inner or northern edge of the 
 Gulf stream is in closer proximity with the island 
 of Martha's Vineyard than any other part of the 
 Atlantic coast, north of Cape Hatteras, therefore the 
 w^arm winds from the bosom of this — one of 
 nature's most wonderful and mysterious compensa- 
 tors — has a short and unobstructed passage to 
 Martha's Vineyard ; which, together with the in- 
 flux of the flood tidal wave, coming every twelve 
 hours with its vast lavement (but a few degrees 
 colder in winter than in summer) renders the temper- 
 ature of this island fully fifteen degrees warmer in 
 winter than it is at Boston. 
 
 Zero w^eather is of rare occurrence, and when the 
 mercury does fall to that point it never remains 
 
FAVORABLE EFFECT OF OCKAN CURRENTS. 49 
 
 there but a few hoiir-s at most. It is such a climate 
 as one would naturally look to for health and com- 
 fort, especially in summer, and, as a matter of fact, in 
 looking here, no one will be disappointed. Epi- 
 demics of all kinds, including diphtheria, are posi- 
 tively unknown, and malaria does not exist, and this 
 climate will be found remarkably beneficial for those 
 who suffer from nervous diseases, dyspepsia, various 
 troubles of the liver, malaria, general debility, etc. 
 The people of the island are exceptionally free 
 from all diseases incident to the human family, and 
 Time is left to do his work almost single-handed ; 
 and he toys with the people of this Sunny Isle 
 most indulgently, as a careful inspection of the 
 records show that the average duration of human 
 life is fift^^-seven years, being twenty-three years 
 above the average length of life throughout the 
 civilized world. 
 
C^ORT AT THE VINEYARD. 
 
 FISHING AND SHOOTING. 
 
 We have elsewhere shown how the currents of air 
 and water affect the Vineyard so that, as far as 
 climate is concerned, we have a bit of the southern 
 coast transported to the shores of New England. 
 Nothing attests this more plainly than the character 
 of the denizens of air and water that find their 
 homes on and about its shores. 
 
 It has been said that man might have learned all 
 the secrets of his triumphs over Nature by studying 
 the anatomy and habits of Nature's earlier children ; 
 and if one is searching for a summer home that 
 shall combine the most healthgiving condition of air 
 and sea, he cannot do better than to follow the flocks 
 of birds and schools of fishes on their annual 
 pilgrimages, tarrying with them where they love to 
 linger longest. 
 
 The Vineyard is an outpost of the continent 
 planted in the face of the advancing waters of the 
 Atlantic and around it circle the numberless herds 
 
SPORT AT THE VINEYARD. 51 
 
 of the ocean. Within an hour's sail from the island 
 can be found nearly every species of sea fish that 
 is common in the northern waters of America, the 
 cod, haddock, pollock, hake, halibut, mackerel, 
 sturgeon, swordfish and many others, all of which 
 will furnish sport for the fisherman, while in 
 addition to these are many other varieties which 
 seldom or never venture into the cold waters north 
 of Cape Cod, as the bluefish, the southern weakfish, 
 the great striped bass, sea or rock bass, tautog, 
 scuppog and others. 
 
 The king of Vineyard game fish is the striped bass, 
 a fish ranging from four to over sixt}'' pounds in 
 weight, which is captured by the more scientific 
 anglers with a short stiff* rod, a very long and fine 
 line, called a Cuttyhunk line, and a large reel. 
 
 The fisherman takes his stand on a staging built 
 out over the breaking surf on iron rods fastened into 
 the rocks below and casts his bait into an eddy 
 formed by the undertow or behind some rock, and if 
 he is rewarded by hooking a fish it is the signal for 
 a struggle that may last for hours. 
 
 Bass fishing is a sport that has heretofore been 
 affected chiefly by New York gentlemen of wealth 
 and leisure, who have built several fine club houses 
 and secured the adjacent shore rights at several 
 points on the Vineyard and the neighboring islands, 
 but there are still manj^ points on the shores where 
 
52 SPORT AT THE VINEYARD. 
 
 good bass fishing can be obtained without the 
 prerequisite of a membership in one of these clubs. 
 
 Next to bass fishing comes blue . fishing, and 
 perhaps it should be placed first as a democratic 
 sport; for the fish are large, from 2J to 16 pounds, 
 gamey, much more plentiful than the great bass, and 
 can be caught without the delicate and costly 
 implements of the sporting angler. 
 
 The bluefish is caught by towing a large hook 
 loaded with lead and covered with the reversed skin 
 of an eel, from a boat under sail ; and, if the refine- 
 ment of sport is for the sportsman to place himself 
 as nearly as possible on a level with the game, blue- 
 fishing must stand at the head of the list of 
 piscatorial sports, for it is often a problem whether 
 the fish shall come to the fisherman or the fisherman 
 go to the fishes. 
 
 Besides these kings of salt water game fish, there 
 are many varieties, among which may be mentioned 
 black bass, tautog and scuppog, these abound in ex- 
 haustless supply within a short distance from the 
 shore, and those who have a desire to engage in the 
 health}'- and fascinating sport of fishing can alwa3^s 
 satisfy his longing to the full. For the Vineyarder 
 knows well the haunts of the finny tribe, and a day's 
 experience with one of these veterans will be fraught 
 with rare enjoyment and lots of fish as a practical 
 result of the trip. 
 
SPORT AT THE VINEYARD. 53 
 
 The island is well stocked with fresh water fish, 
 which have been neglected and allowed to multiply 
 by the sportsmen who confine themselves almost 
 exclusively to salt water fishing. There are more 
 than twenty fresh or brackish water lakes on the 
 island, inhabited by pickerel and perch, the latter 
 embracing three varieties and often running as 
 large as 2^ pounds in weight, and in some of these 
 ponds they will take the fly at morning and evening 
 as readily as a brook trout. 
 
 There are some seven or more trout streams on the 
 island, several of them emptying into large salt 
 lakes. They are stocked with trout, some of which 
 present all the characteristics of a mountain brook 
 trout, while those fish which have access to the salt 
 lakes or the sea, resemble the sea trout of the British 
 Provinces. Several of these streams are preserved 
 by city sportsmen, but there is still enough free fish- 
 ing to reward an early comer in April or May with 
 a better basket than can be caught this side of the 
 Maine lakes. 
 
 Now as to shooting. Nothing attests the mildness 
 of the Vineyard so plainly as the number of birds, 
 principally sea-fowl, that habitually winter here and 
 are seldom found elsewhere in New England in the 
 winter seasons. Many of them furnish excellent 
 sport from October to May. The Canada goose, wid- 
 geon, redhead duck, two species of bluebill duck 
 
54 SPORT AT THE VINEYARD. 
 
 and the ruddy duck tarry here through the whole 
 winter, while the various distinctively sea-dwelling 
 species such as the eider duck, sea duck, two species 
 of coot, three of merganser, and others, can always 
 be found in numbers about the shores. 
 
 With upland game the island is well supplied. 
 Woodcock are plentiful both as resident and in their 
 migrations, though the close nature of the covers 
 makes their pursuit difficult for dogs and hunters. 
 
 The bob white whistles from every corner and is 
 very plentiful after a favorable winter. Ruffed 
 grouse were placed on the island about six years ago 
 and are now quite numerous. But the prince of all 
 upland birds on the Vineyard as elsewhere is the 
 prairie chicken. These birds are the last remnant 
 of a race that has been driven beyond the Mississippi 
 river by the advance of civilization. 
 
 Difference in habits and environment make them 
 somewhat larger and stronger of flight than the 
 western birds, from which they can be readily dis- 
 tinguished by those familiar with both varieties. 
 They are known on the island by the local name 
 of heath hen, a misnomer that once got a briny 
 legislator, who had spent more of his youth in 
 the forecastle than at school, into orthographical 
 difficulties ; for he called down the wrath of his 
 Vineyard constituents on his head by presenting 
 
SPORT AT THE VINEYARD. 55 
 
 before the Legislature of Massachusetts a bill to 
 protect the " Heathen " of Martha's Vineyard. 
 
 These birds are now protected throughout the 
 year by special statute but they are increasing and, 
 probably, a short open season will soon be allowed. 
 Shore birds of course furnish the principal sport for 
 those who seek the island for summer recreation 
 only, and if such will tarry to the first of September 
 and visit with the morning sun, the more un- 
 frequented fields, marshes and sea beaches they will 
 be rewarded with excellent bags. 
 
 Three species of large plover, two of smaller, 
 willett, telltales, curlew, snipe, and numerous kinds 
 of smaller sandpipers make the list complete. 
 
 Perhaps this may seem a long list of feathered 
 game to be found on what most people have 
 regarded as a barren island, but when we reflect that 
 it is the largest island on the New England coast, 
 with some fifty-five miles of sea shore and about 
 a hundred and thirty square miles in extent, it is not 
 surprising that it presents to the sportsman who will 
 take the trouble to gain a little local knowledge, the 
 best and most accessible field for sport among small 
 game, of great variety, to be found north and east of 
 Florida. 
 
41EALTH OF ^JIiDREN. 
 
 The phenomenal exemption of children from fatal 
 diseases on Martha's Vineyard, deserves special 
 mention. As stated in the preface of this work the 
 writer has been a resident of Martha's Vineyard for 
 fourteen years, and during that period there have 
 been but six deaths under fifteen years of age in 
 Vineyard Haven — a fact, we feel safe in asserting, 
 which is without parallel (outside of this island) in. 
 any other locality in the United States. 
 
 In conversing with the physicians of Vineyard 
 Haven, the above was substantiated by the asser- 
 tions of these gentlemen that but a small part of 
 their practice was in cases of children, and if a child 
 lived to the age of six months it was quite sure to 
 groAV up. For further evidence in this direction an 
 actual count and measurement was made of the 
 graves in the several cemeteries in Vineyard Haven, 
 and it was found that only one grave in six was 
 smaller than that of a full grown person. Now in 
 connection with this the fact should be taken into 
 
HEALTH OF THILDRRX. 57 
 
 account that fully eighty per cent, of all who are 
 born on the island leave it at maturity to seek em- 
 ployment in the various spheres of life which the 
 island does not afford, and ply their avocations 
 among the busier haunts of men. Thus we are irre- 
 sistably led to believe that for children, even more 
 than for persons of riper years, that no })lace in the 
 world affords such i)erfect protection against those 
 diseases so peculiarly cruel to children, as Martha's 
 Vinevard. 
 
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 
 
 RELATIVE TO 
 
 Marthas Vineyard. 
 
 Question — Where is Martha's Vineyard ? 
 
 Answer — Off the southeast coast of Massachusetts. 
 
 Qties. — How far is the island from the main land? 
 
 A7iS. — Two and eight-tenths miles. 
 
 Ques. — How long is the island and how wide? 
 
 Ans. — It is twenty-three miles long and ten wide. 
 
 Ques. — What is the average temperature of the 
 island in summer? 
 
 Ans.— It is 67.6° F. 
 
 Ques. — Is there any fog at Martha's Vineyard? 
 
 Ans. See page 30 of this work relative to that. 
 
 Ques. — Have you pure water on the island ? 
 
 Ans. — Yes, at Vineyard Haven and Tashmoo the 
 best in the state. 
 
 Ques. — Do you have mosquitoes on the island? 
 
 Ans. — Yes, for detailed explanation on this in- 
 teresting subject, see page 31. 
 
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. 59 
 
 Ques. — Is there good fishing in the vicinity of the 
 island? 
 
 Ans. — We positively assert that it is ample and 
 varied enough to suit the most exacting. 
 
 Ques. — What are the facilities for salt water bath- 
 ing and what is the temperature in summer? 
 
 Ans. — The facilities are of the very best, tem- 
 perature 65° F. 
 
 Ques. — What is the average price of board on the 
 island? 
 
 Ans. — From seven to ten dollars per week, in- 
 cluding room. 
 
 Ques. — Is there telegraph communication with the 
 island ? 
 
 Ans. — Yes, from Vineyard Haven, Cottage City, 
 and Edgartown. 
 
 Ques. — How many mails a day do you receive in 
 summer ? 
 
 An^. — From Boston three, from New York two. 
 
 Ques. — How far is Martha's Vineyard from Boston? 
 
 Ans. — In a straight line fifty-eight miles. 
 
 Ques. — How far is Martha's Vineyard from Boston 
 by nearest route (Wood's Holl) ? 
 
 A71S. — To Vineyard Haven 78 miles, to Cottage 
 City 79 miles, to West Chop 76 miles, 
 
 Ques. — What is the running time between Boston 
 (via Wood's Holl) and Vineyard Haven or Cottage 
 City ? 
 
60 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. 
 
 Ans. — About three hours. 
 
 Ques. — How far is Martha's Vineyard from Boston 
 via New Bedford ? 
 
 Ans. — To Vineyard Haven 76 miles, to Cottage 
 City 77 miles, to West Chop 74 miles. 
 
 Ques. — What is the running time between Boston 
 and Vineyard Haven or Cottage City via New 
 Bedford? 
 
 Alls. — About four hours. 
 
 Qties. — What is the running time from Boston to 
 West Chop, (Martha's Vineyard,) via Wood's HoU? 
 
 Ans. — About t/wo hours and twenty-eight minutes. 
 
 (2ues. — What is the running time between Boston 
 and Vineyard Haven via Wood's Holl and West 
 Chop ? 
 
 A71S. — About two hours and forty minutes. 
 
 Ques. — How far is Martha's Vineyard from New 
 York? 
 
 A71S. — On a straight line 176 miles. 
 
 Ques. — How far is Martha's Vineyard from New 
 York by steamer and rail, via Fall River line 
 steamers ? 
 
 Ans. — Two hundred and fifty -two miles. 
 
JJoW to Rcacl^ J\l^i^i*tlHi's Yin^T^^rd. 
 
 The steamers of the Old Colony Line connect 
 several times daily with trains from all parts of New 
 England. Travellers from the south and west, 
 coming by way of New York, may take the Fall 
 River boat, leaving Pier 28, North River, about 5:30 
 p, m., making connection with express train for 
 New Bedford and boat for Martha's Vineyard, 
 arriving al)Out 9 o'clock a. m. the next morning. 
 Excursion tickets by this line from New York |7.25, 
 good to return till Nov. 1st. 
 
 . Excursion tickets at greatly reduced rates may be 
 obtained from all points reached Vjy the Old Colony 
 Railroad, good to return till Nov. 1st. Travelers 
 from points beyond will do well to make inquiries 
 of the general ticket and passenger agents of the road 
 over which they wish to travel, regarding excursion 
 tickets in connection with the Old Colony road. 
 
From Various Points to iVIartha's Vineyard. 
 
 [These Rates are for Round Trip Tickets.] 
 
 Albany, N. Y $9.95 
 
 Athol, Mass 4.25 
 
 Baltimore, Md 16.85 
 
 Boston, Mass 3.00 
 
 Brockton, Mass 2.40 
 
 Bridgewater, Mass 2.15 
 
 Bellows Falls, Vt 6.40 
 
 Fitchlmrg, Mass 3.00 
 
 Fitzwilliam, N. H 4.45 
 
 Gardner, Mass 8.75 
 
 Greenfield, Mass 5.50 
 
 Harrisbnrg, Pa 16.50 
 
 Hartford, Ct 6.00 
 
 Haverliill, Mass 4.80 
 
 Keene, N. H 5.25 
 
 Kingston, E. 1 3.60 
 
 Lowell, Mass 4.00 
 
 Lawrence, Mass 4.30 
 
 Middletown, Ct 6.00 
 
 Milford, Mass 3.55 
 
 Mystic, Conn 4.40 
 
 Millers Falls, Mass 5.00 
 
 Marlboro', N. H 4.90 
 
 No. Adams, Mass 6.75 
 
 New London, Ct 4.75 
 
 New Britain, Ct ,$6.25 
 
 New Haven, Ct 7.40 
 
 New York City 7.25 
 
 Norwich, Conn 5.00 
 
 Orange, Mass 4.50 
 
 Palmer, Mass 5.25 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa 11.25 
 
 Pittsfield, Mass 7.90 
 
 Richmond, Va 26.25 
 
 Saratoga, N. Y 10.00 
 
 Shelburne Falls, Mass 6.00 
 
 Springfield, Mass Ii.85 
 
 Spencer, Mass 4.75 
 
 Troy, N. Y 8.00 
 
 Washington, D. C 19 25 
 
 Worcester, Mass 3.70 
 
 Walpole, N. H 6.15 
 
 Westmoreland, N. H 5. 85 
 
 Westfield, Mass 6.25 
 
 Westerly, R. 1 4.10 
 
 Wilmington, Del 12.45 
 
 Williamantic, Ct 5.00 
 
 Waterbury, Ct 7.00 
 
 Williamsport, Mass 7.00 
 
 Excursion Rates can be obtained in July from other 
 leading points. 
 
SANDERS & BARROWS CLOTHING HOUSE. 
 
 Headquarters for Clothing for Dukes and Bristol County. 
 674& 69 WILLIAM STREET, NEW BEDFORD, IMASS. 
 

 ^:% ^»i «% «i.#s#«is.%mi^i 
 
 "REAL F.STATE A GENCY, 
 
 No. 38 North M Street, New Bedford, Mass. 
 
 FOR SALE. Sea Shore Residences, Hotels, Summer Resorts and Farms on the 
 shores of vSoutliern M;iss;iilnisetts. All Correspondenee cheer- 
 fully and proniiil 1,\ answcn-d. Send tor lUusti'atcd 
 Oaia.ldyuc of Fine Estates. 
 References :— J. A. Beauvais, President Citizens' Bank; Jonathan Bourne, 
 President Merchants' Bank, and Hon. Walter Clifford, Mayor of New Bedford. 
 
 ^ r^// 
 
 \ r^^-^ ^_ 
 
 ilillillES'A LE'^GSilBl^ 
 
 
 peeD njiD PReDuoE detiler. 
 
 Factopy Agent fop Scgaps p^^"^ Tobacco. 
 
 NEW BEDKORD, NdASS. 
 p. O. BOX 412. ^— 
 
ISLAND HOUSE, H. IIayden, riuprietor, Cottage City, Martha's Vineyard, Mass. 
 Best furnished and raost popular Hotel on the Island. This House has increased in size 
 from fourteen rooms in 1872 to its present capacity of eighty rooms It is centrally 
 located and is open all the year round. Sleeping rooms are warmed in Winter, Fall and 
 Spring. Regular rates from $2.00 to $2.50 per day. Special terms to those who wish to 
 board by the week or montli. 
 
 STEPHEN C. LUCE, 
 
 E(3.d=ffl^St2j[k^: 
 
 iDealer f IN f RiNE f Groceries. 
 
 Family, Yacht and Hotel Trade 
 
 A SPECIALTY. 
 
 Main Street, 0pp. Post Office, Vineyard Haven, Mass. 
 
Cottage Lots for Sale 
 
 AT 
 
 WEST CHOP, MARTHA'S VINEYARD, MASS. 
 
 Among the places which are are attracting most favorable attention as 
 a Slimmer Eesort, is the Island of 
 
 ro^AHTHA's wineiVAHG. 
 
 It is easy of access to visitors from Boston, New York and the West. 
 
 There is probably no spot on the Island which is 
 
 so favorably situated foi' 
 
 -^^>^^^^^f^^^^ 
 
 'VM Kli 
 
 IlililBlliB!^ 
 
 AS THE NEW VILLAGE OF 
 
 WEST CHOP. 
 
 This situation is elevated, the views are grand and impressive. 
 
 The Climate is delightfully Cool, and the Air Pure and Soft. 4 
 
 Until now this part of the Island has remained in a primitive state, 
 but it has recently passed into the hands of a number of Boston gen- 
 tlemen, who have laid it out on a liberal and comprehensive scale. 
 
 A complete system of water works have been introduced into 
 Vineyard Haven, and West Chop, having for its supply the famous 
 Tashmoo Springs, to which reference is made in this work. 
 
The Company has a commodious Landing at WEST CHOP, and a 
 
 staunch Steamer which will connect at Wood's Holl 
 with all trains to and from Boston. 
 
 See Old Colony Time Table on this page. 
 
 COTTAGE LOTS ^TorsaTaT'' WEST CHOP. 
 
 They vjiry iu size from 5,000 to 20,000 feet, and prices ranf^'e from 
 
 #200. to $2,000 per lot. These prices may be advanced 
 
 in the future. For phxns and circulars, address 
 
 FRANCIS PEABODY, JR., ^ WILLIAM B, OWEN, 
 
 54 Devonshire St., 23 Court St., 
 
 BOSTON, m:ass. 
 
 Old Colony R. R. Time Table, Season 1889. 
 
 FROM BOSTON, PROVIDENCE, TAUNTON, FALL 
 
 RIVER, TO MARTHA'S VINEYARD 
 
 AND RETURN. 
 
 Leave Boston (Kneeland St. Station) for Cottage City at 9 A. M., 1.00, 4.05 P. M. 
 week-days (8.1.1 A. M. Sundays), via Wood's Holl, (4.05 P. M. for ViueyartI 
 Hnveii^ week-days. 
 
 KETUltNING, leave Cottage City (i.l5, 9.30 A. M., 3.00 P. M., via Wood's Holl {1.00 
 P. M. via New 15edfnrd to Park S(i. Station), week-days (4.45 P. M. Sundays), 
 via AVood's Holl, Vimyaid Haven, 5.45 A. M., via Wood's Holl, week-days. 
 Due in Boston (Kneeland St. Station) at 9.50 A. M., 1.10, (5.40 P. M. at Park Sq. 
 Station, via New Bedford), 7.00 P. M. week-days (7.50 P. M. Sundays). 
 
 For Cottage City, via New Bedford, leave JHrovidence ,S.OO, ll.fjO A. M., 2.00 P. M. 
 week-days (6.45 A. M. Sundays), 'latinton 8.59, 1.0.5, 3.12 P. M. week-days {7..2(i 
 A. M. Sundays), fall River »).05 A. M. (Wharf Station) 8..50 A. M., 3.;30 P. M. 
 via Fall River Braneb,) week-days (7.35 A. M. Sundays, Wharf Station). 
 
 HETVnyiNG, leave Cottage City 6.15, 9.30 A. M., 1.00, 3.00 P. M. week-days (4.45 
 P. M. Sundays. 
 
 The West Chop Land Company's Steamer "City of rortsmout/i" will 
 (•(iniu'ct at Wood's Holl v\ itji all trains tiiini Boston, landing passengers at 
 Wi St Chop iu a few minutes from the time they leave Wood's Holl. 
 
 At West Chop Landing passengere can take a carriage direct to Vineyard 
 Uavin the drive occuiiying 15 minutes. 
 
m^ 1, TOWiAils 
 
 DEALER IN 
 
 Diamond s, Wa tches, Clocks, 
 
 * * "* -X'' * -X- * * -X- * ■» * * -ir * 
 
 JEWELEY AND SPECTACLES. 
 
 #^28 PURCHASK STRKET,-#- 
 
 NEW BEDFORD, MASS. 
 
 Watch and Jewelry Repairing a Specialty. 
 
 EQILLIP^Y f^^" r^^I^ GOODS. 
 
 OUR STYLES THE LATEST. 
 
 OUR STOCK THE LARGEST. 
 
 OUR PRICES THE LOWEST. 
 
 Our goods are l:)ouglit of first hands wliich enables us to retail goods at 
 lowest Boston wholesale prices. Our order department is 
 under the supervision of the finest designer 
 in New England. Special atten- 
 tion paid to 
 
 ^ Mourning Orders. Black trapes and Nuns Veiling Very Low.^ 
 
 Hair Goods in all grades and shades at about one-half the price 
 
 charged by regular hair dealers. Mail 
 
 orders promptly filled. 
 
 --HIRAM B. COFFIN,^- 
 
 52 PURCHASE ST., CORNEE OF WILLIAM, 
 
 JV£:W BEDFORD, MASS. 
 
PARKER HOUSE 
 
 HOLDEN M. BROWNELL, 
 
 PROPRIETOR. 
 
 Centrally and conveniently located both for business people and tourists 
 
 . PURCHASE, MIDDLE AND ELM STREETS. 
 
 This is the only First-Class Hotel in New Bedford. It offers mode- 
 rate and popular prices to travelers, and special terms are made with 
 commercial agents and representatives of regular business houses. 
 
 The Hotel has this spring been thoroughly renovated and newly 
 furnished, and all modern sanitary improvements added, making it 
 most homelike and well suited for the comfort of ladies and families. 
 A Cafe has recently been ojiened in connection with the House, where 
 no expense has been si)ared to make the appointments and service as 
 well as the " Cuisine " most excellent. Telegraph Office in the rotunda. 
 
 FIRST-CLASS LIVERY STABLE CONNECTED WITH THE HOUSE. 
 
 NEW BEDFORD, MASS. 
 

 Manufacturers of and Dealers in 
 
 AND SHOEMAKERS' SUPPLIES. 
 
 76 ^ Purchase ^ Street, 
 
 NEW BEDFORD, MASS. 
 
 Boots and Shoes to Measure, made on the Premises at 
 Retail Prices. 
 
 E. L. FREEMAN^ SON, 
 
 LET TER-PRE SS, L I THO GRA EHIC- 
 
 ■ AND PHO rO-MECHA NIC A L 
 
 PRINTERS. 
 
 UR FACILITIES FOR BOOK' AND JOB PRINTING OF E VER V 
 
 DESCRIPTION ARE EXCELLENT, AND ENABLE 
 
 US TO TURN OUT WORK WITH SPEED 
 
 AND A T REASONABLE PRICES. 
 
 Our ne7i.> "■ARTOGRAVURE'' process is specially adapted to 
 Portrait and View work, afid for Reproductions of Paintings, En- 
 gravings, Etc., is unsurpassed. 
 
 PRIJ^TE^S TO TEE ST:^TB. 
 3 Westminster Street, - - - Providence, R. 1. 
 
 WORKS AT CJBNTRAL WALLS, R. I. 
 
N 
 
 ESTABLISHED 184:2. 
 
 NIANTJFACTURKRS OK 
 
 ALL KINDS AND SIZES OF 
 
 >o. = 3a!R>- 
 
 CORDACE> 
 
 DRILLING CABLES 
 
 For Artesian Wells a Specialty. 
 
 WILLIAM J. ROTCH, President. 
 
 J. W. MACOMBER, General Manager. 
 
 I. W. BENJAMIN, Treasurer. 
 
1840.^ ^1 
 
 PCH&CO.'S EXPRESS, 
 
 OLD NEW BEDFORD LINE. 
 Established 1840. Now runuiug in counectioii with the 
 
 NEff YOl & BOSTON DESPATCH 
 
 EXPRESS CO. 
 
 xigents for Old Colony Railroad, to all points 
 
 This is the only Company that Forwards * 
 
 * * » » 
 
 * * * ****** 
 
 Express Matter on Passenger Trains. 
 
 Only one rate of charge is made between New Bed- 
 ford and points on Main Line, Cape Cod and 
 Northern Division of Old Colony Railroad. 
 
 The public are reminded that between New Bedford and Boston, in 
 
 addition to the Passenger Train Service, this 
 
 Company operates a 
 
 — FREIGHT EXPRESS. 
 
 It is the desire of the Management to offer their Patrons 
 every Facility and Accommodation. 
 
 OIFIF-IOES. 
 
 boston: new BEDFORD: 
 
 105, 107, 109 ARCH STREET. 5 RICKETSON BLOCK. 
 
 NEW YORK: 
 
 304 CANAL STREET. 63 and 940 BROADWAY. 
 
 NANTUCKET. COTTAQE CITY. VINEYARD HAVEN. EDGARTOWN. 
 
® 
 
 m "~>2< SSI N<-, 
 
 
 m ~~>K @ 
 
 X JCTJta 
 
 eading iotel oii lartha's iineprd. 
 
 Terms: $2.50 to $4.00 Per Day. 
 
 The Cclebriited Beech Grove Spring Water will be served ou the 
 table of this hotel. 
 
 LOUIS FKE;I^^K:p::I.. 
 
 '^. ><^ ^ 
 
 10 
 
p.^^ ot y-^q 
 
 
 p--^ 00 ff'^q 
 
 The people of Martha's Vineyard are respectfully retiiinded that 
 the undersigned keeps in stock, a full line of 
 
 Clothing, Grents' Furnishing Qoods, 
 Children'^ Clothing, Hats, Capg, Etc., 
 
 When comparing our i)riccs with those of Boston and New 
 Bedford, on goods of like quality, we think the difference will l)e 
 in our favor. •' Distance lends enchantment," you know, which 
 is often true of the people of our Island going to the cities to buy 
 Clothing. A careful inspection of our varied stock and prices 
 will enable the purchaser to save time and money by patronizing 
 
 frank f . Korton, * the InGijard ilotliier, 
 
 \l LANE'S BLOCK, VINEYARD HAVEN, MASS. 
 
 G. W. ELDRIDGE, 
 
 VINEYARD HAVEN, MASS. 
 
 KEEPS ON HAND AND FOR SALE A FULL LINE OF 
 
 -t5n5=o=^- 
 
 —oJUlitiB— •$— — • ■{>■ - aaillllg-' 
 
 L MARINE AND FIELD GLASSES, 
 
 J 
 
 SPY GLASSES AND TELESCOPES. 
 
 Also Compasses, Barometers, Charts and Nautical Books My 
 
 prices are lower than they are in Boston or New York 
 
 for the same grade of goods. 
 
LUCE BROTHERS' 
 
 Advertisement ! 
 
 To the Inhabitants of the Island : 
 
 We wish to call your attention to the fact that we 
 have a large and varied Stock of 
 
 ®Sf * n^ * I'm? * ©iites 
 
 BOOTS, SHOES, CARPETS, MATTING, Etc, Etc, 
 
 We buy our Goods low for cash and we can and do 
 sell them as low (same quality considered) as they can 
 be bought in New Bedford or Boston. 
 
 We respectfully solicit the patronage of our Island 
 people and Summer Visitors feeling confident that our 
 goods and prices will be satisfactory to all in every 
 instance. 
 
 Thanking the public for their liberal patronage in the 
 past, and believing that our terms and goods will war- 
 rant a continuance of it in the future, 
 
 we remain sincerely yours, 
 
 LUCE BROTHERS, 
 
 MAIN STREET, Vineyard Haven, Mass. 
 
Real Estate and Insurance. 
 
 *C*^ ?r: y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — ^ ^^T^*- 
 
 E. G. ELDRIDGE, 
 
 (Successor to F. C. Smith,) 
 
 Agent and Broker, 
 
 COTTA&ES TO LET AID EOR SALE. 
 
 BUILDING LOTS B0^ SALE. 
 
 Contracts placed for Building, Painting, 
 Eepaii'ing and Moving. Cottages left in my 
 care Avill be closed in the Fall, cared for 
 thro^ the Winter, and opened in the Spring. 
 Eeal Estate Commissions solicited in any 
 part of the county. 
 
 FIRE INSURANCE. 
 
 Old and reliable companies represented. 
 Insurance effected throughout the County. 
 
 JUSTICE OF THE PEACE AND NOTAKY PUBLIC. 
 
 Deeds, Leases, Mortgages and Convey- 
 ances of all kinds executed at this office. 
 
 E. a. ELDEHDOE, 
 
 Office, Arcade Building, Oak Bluffs, Cottage City, 
 Martha^s Vineyard, Mass. 
 
BEECH GROVE 
 
 INCORPORATED JUNE, 1888. 
 
 V^HOLESALE BOTTLERS 
 
 of the finest Table Water in the worhl. E(Hial to, and in many respcc-ts surpass- 
 ing the manufactured Appolinaris water, and eciual in purity to the Poland Spring 
 water. Ha\iuj,' a tine, never-failing spring of abundant tlow of water, no expense 
 is spared to keep it free from surface drainatre and all ol lier impurities. We are 
 putting up all kinds of carhoiiated Temperance He\ crazies in connection with our 
 Table Water which we guarantee to give satisfaction as this water is the basis of 
 them all, including Soda Water and Vichy in Siphons and Tanks for Fountains, 
 Sarsaparilla, ("ream and Lemon Soda, Pineapple, Tonics, Etc. The Ginger Ale 
 which we manufacture is the finest domestic, and by many it is preferred to tlie 
 imported article which is sold at double the price. The Spring Water is delivered 
 to hotels and cottages in jugs, carboys and barrels fresh from the Spring every 
 morning. 
 
 We invite any one wishing a pleasant drive to use our grove of grand old 
 beech trees for a picnic ground. Celebrated two centuries ago as a camping 
 place of the Wapataqua tribe of Indians, who knew of the many medicinal vir- 
 tues contained in this water. We also invite the public to inspect our works at ItW 
 Circuit avenue, where will be found a large assortment of our goods. 
 
 H. J. GREENE, Prest. Z. D. LINTON, Treas. G. C. YOUNG, Agent. 
 
 P^Rumford Chemical Co. 's wholesale agents for their celebrated 
 Summer Beverages. 
 
 LIVERY STABLE 
 
 """^^ "'^^^sr iv^t*^^ 
 
 No. 11 and 13 South 2d Street, 
 
 l]/ear Union Street NEW BEDFORD, MASS. 
 
 This gentleman keeps horses and carriages of all kinds to let with 
 or withont drivers. He also deals in horses and carriages, and boards 
 horses. He is a horseman generally. Mr. Jay is accommodating and 
 obliging and his terms are very reasonable. When yon are in New 
 Bedford and need anything in his line, give him a call and I think you 
 will find this statement to be correct. 
 
 G. W. ELDRIDGE. 
 
H. W. COYE, 
 
 ■"fe~~«' 
 
 JEWELER 
 
 143 CIRCUIT AVENUE, - COTTAGE CITY, MASS. 
 
 AMD MAIN SWEET, VINEYARD HAVEN. 
 
 Watches, Diamonds, Jewelry, Clocks, Silverware and Optical 
 Goods. Watches and Jewelry Repaired. 
 
 WALTER H. RENEAR. 
 
 (Successor to F. W. VINCENT,) 
 
 -iiShh 
 
 m^ # loarding itable. 
 
 HEADQUARTERS FOR FIRST-CLASS TEAMS. 
 
 Passe ntjers for Vineyard Haven and all parts of the Island will find conveyances 
 
 opposite the Sea View House, Cottage City, on the arrival of every boat 
 
 from New Bedford and Woods Holl. N. K.- F'xciusion parties for 
 
 Tashmoo, Indian Hill, Nancy Luce's, South Beach and Gay 
 
 Head will be carried at low rates in the commodious 
 
 party wagons " Gypsy " and " Juno." Orders by 
 
 telephone will receive prompt attention. 
 
 WALTER H. RENEAR, Main Street, Vineyard Haven, Mass. 
 
HOTEL NAUMKEAG, 
 
 COTTAGE CITY, MARTHA'S VINEYARD, MASS 
 
 ,,iiiiiii„iii • „..,i"l"';ii.M 
 
 Charming location, attractive and liomc-liUe furnishings, delicate and 
 varied cuisine. Headquarters for bicyclers. Storage for machines. 
 Terms reasonable. Private dininp; rooms for excursionists. 
 
 JOHN H. KOEHLER, Proprietor. 
 
NOTE THIS. — ^ 
 
 I am pleased to announce tliat my increasing business necessitates my 
 
 having larger warerooms. I have therefore 
 
 moved into the 
 
 Globe 3uildingo^ Acushnet Avenue, 
 
 Nos. 354. to 358. 
 
 This location affords more floor room than ****** 
 
 ****** any other house in Southern Massachusetts. 
 
 m m m ^.B ® ^ ® ®. m m m m m m m m m m m m m m 
 
 These commodious quarters give us an opportiinity to carry 
 and display an immense stock of 
 
 CARPETS AND STOVES 
 
 OF FINE AND MEDIUM QUALITY. 
 
 ®. ®. B. ^. &i ®. '®. ^ '®. '^^ B. '®~W Wi ®. Wi '&i m '® m m 
 
 Goods Sold for Cash or Installments on the most Liberal Terms. 
 
 Remember our place is the 
 
 GLOBE BUILDING, ACUSHNET AVENUE, 
 
 NoH. 354r to Sr)^, 
 NEW BEDKORO, IVTASS. 
 
HOW TO GET THERE. 
 OLD COLONY 
 
 Prom Boston, Lowell, Fitchburg, Providence and Be7ond. 
 
 f FALL RIVER 
 
 FROM NEW YORK AND BEYOND. 
 
 LINE. 
 LINE. 
 
 '""'■ • ' '■'l-BOSTON, 
 
 |I{.;i-.kport 
 ad 
 
 // CONNE,C\TIC 
 
 
 
 NEW YORIj;^^,^ Lociit\ l^5L>NC) 
 
 Jersey C t 
 
 J C c 
 
 
 RANO AVERY SUPPLY CO., ENOB'S, BOSTON. 
 
 THE DIKECT AND POPULAR KOUTE TO 
 
 OAK BLUFFS, COTTAGE CITY, 
 
 -^4^ — ^^^^^ — 4-^ ♦- 
 
 AND THE 
 
 SHORES AND ISLANDS OF SOUTH-EASTERN MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 GEORGE L. CONNOR, 
 
 Gen'l Passenger Ageut, Boston and New York. 
 
 J. R. KENDRICK, 
 
 Gen'l Manager, Boston. 
 
J^aptha's ■•• \;/ineyapd. 
 
 The Old Residents know 
 
 Fillip's gJEIM. 
 
 Their Negatives are in our possession. 
 --<- — • 
 
 -^•pORTRaiTS IN ^VERY glYLE PiNELY PlMI5HElD.-<&^ 
 
 Views of the Viuej-ard can be procured liere. Also, guests for the season will re- 
 member that this is the oldest and leading Studio 
 in New Bedford. 
 
 COR. OF UNION AND PURCHASE STS. 
 
 HEADLEY& READ, ^^^t^^^v^^^,^ 
 
 6 PURCHASE ST.. NE\N BEDFORD, MASS. 
 
 B. A. ATKINSONS GO. 
 
 Everything Necessary il^B^^k ^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^"^ ^^^^^^' 
 
 Largest Establishment -,-4^^^ piano^^^Pgan^ 
 
 OF ITS KIND ^^^^S«J''' Hotel Orders a Specialty. Liberal 
 
 IN NEW ENGLAND. Aw^^W Terms when desired. 
 
 B. A. ATKINSON & CO., 
 
 LIBERAL HOUSE FURNISHERS, 
 827 WASHINGTON ST„ CORNER COMMON ST., BOSTON, MASS. 
 
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