fHlO 
 
TO THE PEOPLE OF PEMSYLVANIA. 
 
 
 Every citizen^ who cherishes and values the prosperity and 
 permanency of his country and her institutions^ as he 
 values his own and his children s prosperity and happiness^ 
 
 •• READ l-PAUSE ! I-KEFLECT ! ! ! " 
 
 ^ 
 
 In the early days of our political existence, when the first election of the im- 
 mortal Jefferson organized two distinct parties, under the names of democrat 
 and FEDERALIST, the sturdy yeomanry of Pennsylvania arrayed themselves on 
 the side of the former. They made their election after mature deliberation — 
 after a careful examination of the PRINCIPLES avowed and promulgated by 
 the organs of both — and for half a century the democratic party, thus organized, 
 has stood " unconquered and unconquerable!" The patriots of that day, some 
 of whom are yet living in Pennsylvania, and are now looking calmly and 
 proudly upon the prosperity and happiness of their descendants, (as secured 
 by our glorious iu'stitutions under a democratic government,) gave their children 
 a FIRST lesson in the early history of party struggles. That lesson impressed 
 upon them these solemn truths: 
 
 §(^=The WHIGS of the Revolution rallied their forces under the banner of 
 
 DEMOCRACY ! 
 
 (jr^The TORIES of the Revolution rallied their forces under the banner oi" 
 
 FEDERALISM ! ! 
 
 And that, under these ensigns o^ political faith, 
 
 2r^=•The great battle was commenced against the arbitrary and proscrip- 
 tive measures of the eldi;r Adams, when republican citizens were incarcerated 
 within the walls of a prison for speaking their OPINION of his excellency, and 
 the " alien and sedition laws" fell before the mighty power of the democ- 
 racy — never, never to rise again ! ! 
 
 PENNSYLVANIANS have cause to remeraher these times and incidents — they 
 will bring them vividly to mind now, and, as in days gone by, gallantly buckle on 
 their armor for the coming conflict ! 
 
 THEY WILL REMEMBER ^ That one branch of the federal party, 
 under the name of " native Americanism," is laboring in the same unrighteous 
 and unholy vocation now, to array American-born citizens in deadly hostility 
 against the exile, who seeks our happy land as an asylnrn from oppression and 
 tyranny, that brought into existence the odious " alien ^aiu," which was erased 
 from our statute-books by the democratic party ! ! 
 
 The FEDERAL PARTY, as it existed at the commencement of the present 
 century, has adopted various names and disguises, for the purpose of deceiving 
 the people ; but it is still the same old federal party of the black cockade dynasty!! 
 Its principles have undergone no change, although it has assumed as many 
 names to conceal them as- its ingenuity could devise, by which alone it could 
 obtain the reins of government. But, in the few instances that this party has 
 got into power, either in consequence of th(e inertness or too confident security 
 of the democratic party, the "cloven foot" of federalism betrayed itself in 
 every measure it proposed or advocated. 
 
The DEMOCRATIC PARTY has never changed its name or disguised its princiN 
 PLEs ! These PRINCIPLES, and the measures predicated upon them, have ele- 
 vated the people of this country to their present proud state of prosperity and 
 happiness, and are spread over every page of our political text-book, open to 
 the perusal of the world! They are well understood by the people of Penn- 
 sylvania, and none of them do they cherish with more veneration and reverence 
 than that which enjoins upon us, as the most sacred duty, to defend the consti- 
 tutional compact between t/ie States ! which declares in the emphatic language 
 of ANDREW JACKSON, i^ That the UNION must and SliALL ^-e pre- 
 served ! ! 
 
 This glorious principle has been handed down to us by the " Father of his 
 Country," as the last legacy left to his children ! In bis FAREWELL AD-* 
 DRESS to the people, he solemnly raises bis voice against — -warns them to 
 shun and indignantly frown down — 
 
 {jt^^EvERY ATTEMPT TO ARRAY ONE SECTION OF THE UnION AGAINST THE 
 
 otMer ! ! 
 
 (i(^=every party movement calculated to suggest even a suspicion 
 
 THAT THE UnION CAN BE DISSOLVED ! I ! 
 
 If Saints take note of things passing in this world, WASHINGTON now 
 looks down from Heaven, in sorrow and in anger, at the conduct of that party 
 whose leaders are engaged in fomenting distrust and hatred between the North 
 and the South— -thus arraying one section of the Union agaimst the 
 OTHER — in open defiance of his solemn admonitions ! And this is done, too, 
 by a party who once proudly claimed to have adopted his name and frinci^ 
 PLES ! What a sJuimcfal perversion of truth and honesty ! ! Look at the 
 course pursued by the leaders of that party now — look at the instruments 
 used in their reckless and mad career to obtain place and power — ^and the 
 startling conviction forces itself upon the mind of every intelligent man in the 
 country, that they would hazard the " union of the States" — ay, even at 
 the price of a civil war — to accomplish that great object, the possession 
 of place and power ! ! ! 
 
 Pennsylvania, from her geographical position — her honest, industrious, and 
 intelligent population — the sound and inflexible integrity of her democracy, 
 which yields everything for principle — has obtained the proud name of the 
 " Keystone of the federal arch.'" The democratic party of this glorious old 
 Commonwealth has triumphed in every presidential contest, tvith one solitary 
 exception. For once it faltered, and sunk under its burden ! It was at the 
 second trial of Martin Van Buren that the lion-hearted democracy encoun- 
 tered the first defeat — and the default, in this instance, shows how truly the 
 character of Mr. Van Buren was estimated by the upright and common-sense 
 People of Pennsylvania. 
 
 gi^Let the democratic citizens of" the Keystone State" listen to a brief ac- 
 count of themselves ! 
 
 In 1828, GENERAL JACKSON was brought before the people, a second 
 lime, as a candidate for the Chief Magistracy. The candidate opposed (Mr. 
 Adams) was the then President — the same who had been beaten by General 
 Jackson in 1824, but who had been elected over him by the House of Repre- 
 sentatives. The democratic citizens of the "Keystone Commonwealth" had 
 been brooding over this outrage perpetrated by their opponents — they sounded 
 their battle-cry in tones of thunder, and from every hill and valley poured forth 
 tiie true-hearted democracy in legions and brigades determined to exhibit the 
 full strength and power with which they could crush their adversaries, when fairly 
 roused to action ! And what was the result? Why, ANDREW JACKSON, 
 the Hero, the Patriot, and the Statesman, the candidate of the democratic party 
 of Pennsylvania, obtained a majority over his campetitor of fifty thousand eight 
 ,'Jiundred and. four votes ! ! " 
 
In 1832 the voice of the country called upon the venergited patriot to serve 
 another term. The democratic party of Pennsylyania was at the head of that 
 call. Again the old hero appeared before the people, and almost without a 
 struggle, running, in the language of the turf, '' under a hard pull," he beat his 
 adversary by a majority of upwards of twenty-four thousand five hun- 
 dred VOTES !■ ! 
 
 In 1836 the hero of Kinderhook, the original man with " two faces," who 
 had the cunning to hide one of them when and where it was necessary, be- 
 came a candidate for the presidency. What then was the conduct of the dem- 
 ocratic party of Pennsylvania? Tlie people had an instinctive dislike to this 
 man ! They had refused to vote for him in 1832 for the vice presidency, and 
 nominated VVilliam Wilkins, a son of Pennsylvania, for that office! AH the 
 enthusiasm and energy which stimulated the democracy to action in the days of 
 " Old Hickory," became paralyzed — thousands of the bone and sinew of the 
 party, the industrial classes, remained at home, attending to their domestic 
 duties ! Yet, a sturdy phalanx stood forth in his support BECAUSE he was the 
 "regularly nominated candidnte of the party, '^ and after the severest struggle ever 
 encountered with the opposition, he was elected but by a majority of only four 
 thousand six hundred and fourteen votes I Even backed, too, as he then was, by 
 General Jackson ! ! 
 
 In 1840 Mr. Van Buren was again forced into nomination, and for the 
 FIRST time the democratic party of Pennsylvania was beaten in a presidential 
 'election! Van Buren was beaten by General Harrison, in a severe contest, 
 by a majority of three hundred and forty -three votes ! 
 
 But the democratic party of the Keystone State has a recuperative power 
 which will never permit it to remain beaten ! In 1844 the opposition, elated 
 with the success of the last contest, brought forth the " embodiment" of their 
 principles; and to judge from their boasting, and the noise they made, they felt 
 secure of carrying Pennsylvania by an overwhelming majority for "Harry of the 
 West." Yet the DEMOCRACY, with James K. Polk, a candidate who, 
 recording to whig declarations, was unknown to fame and had scarcely a 
 NAME, beat them by a majority of upwards of six thousand ! ! 
 
 Democrats of Pennsylvania ! We have thus brfeiiy brought to your reeollec- 
 tion some reminiscences, which may be useful in the approaching contest. You 
 have just passed through a conflict with the combined forces of Old Federal- 
 JSM, with their allies, embracing all the factions opposed to the democracy, en- 
 rolled under the imposing name of WHIGGERY, and you have sustained a 
 partial defeat. But you will shake oif the temporary lethargy into which you 
 have fallen, and again put forth your giant strength, as it will be seen you can 
 do, when aroused to action ! You will not let the other States of the Union, 
 with whom you have so often fought and conquered, look to you in vain for 
 assistance I You will not permit our young democratic sisters, who have come 
 into existence since our last presidential contest, doubt for a single moment, 
 that now, when the bugle has sounded and danger is near, the slumbering lion 
 will not be aroused in the hearts of tlie old "Keystone democracy!" or that 
 Pennsylvania will not come to the rescue, as she always has done, and as she 
 will and can do now, with an old fashioned Jackson m,ajority! ! 
 
 Gen. LEWIS CASS is now the candidate of the democratic party. 
 Next to Gen. Jackson, he is the strongest candidate with the whole People 
 that has ever been presented for their votes at a presidential elec- 
 tion ! His name and his fame have a magic in them which will bring out the 
 whole strength of the democratic party ; and his victory over all his oppo- 
 nents will be complete and overwhelming. And why have the affections of a 
 ■ocmocratic people, composed of the honest and intelligent yeomanry of 
 the country, s'ettled with so much unanimity upon LEWIS CASS ? Because — 
 
4 
 
 {}f^His history from boyhood to the present time has been read over and 
 over again by his admiring countrymen, as furnishring irrefutable proof that, 
 under our glorious institutions, the highest posts and honors that can be con- 
 ferred by the greatest nation in the world are within the reach oi every cifizen, 
 no matter how poor and humble his origin ! ! Old men wh-o have lived through 
 the stirring scenes, wherein Lewis Cass was a prominent actor — vv-ho witness- 
 ed many of the exciting and remarkable incidents connected with his eventful 
 life, require no written history now to bring them to mind! They are indelibly 
 impressed upon their memories ; and, for the purpose of holding up a bright 
 example to their children, of describing a character worthy of emulation by 
 their SONS, and of adoption as the polar star of their destinies, these fathers 
 of happy and prosperous families have made their children as well acquainted 
 with the career of Lewis Cass as with the familiar tales of the fireside. Hence 
 it is that this veteran patriot and statesman, once the stout and gallant young 
 soldier, is so strong in the affections of the American people ! 
 
 Let us draw a picture of some of the incidents ai>d traits of character, thus 
 portrayed from the page of memory, and corroborated by the published history 
 of the country, as taken from the "nation's record." Look at thia picture, and 
 
 ^^ You will see before you, at the close o-f the last century, a boy 17 years of 
 age, of interesting appearance, clad in the home-spun costume of that period- 
 wending his way from Ne\y Hampshire, the place of his nativity in the "far 
 east," to the wilderness of the "far west," in search of a new home, for the ex- 
 ercise of that intellect, that indomitable courage and energy which marked his 
 earliest years ! See him passing, through the whole length of Pennsylvania,- 
 from Philadelphia to Fort Pitt, suftering every privation and hardship of the 
 traveller on that lonely and rugged road, for fy -nine years a^o I Look at him 
 with his walking-stick and knapsack bravely breasting her streams and moun- 
 tains ; and with the ruddy glow of health and high hope beaming on his ex- 
 pressive face, see him crossing the Alleghanies, then the habitation of none 
 but Indians and wild beasts, and encamp on the head tvaters of the beautiful 
 Ohio ! That boy was Lewis Cass, the present candidate of the democracy for 
 the highest office in the gift of a free people ! 
 
 Look again at the picture — 
 
 ^^^You unll see before you, in the year 1799', the same boy disembarking 
 from his frail canoe in which he descended the Ohio river, and fixing his new 
 home in the village of Marietta, at the month of Muskingum river, where, 
 eleven years previously, the first white settlement was made. It was, in fact, 
 the germ of Ohio's population, as part of the northwestern territory, over 
 which Congress extended protection only twelve years before ! Thus you 
 will see that the hero of this pi«4ure was indeed, as proudly expressed bv 
 the Ohio convention, "one of the earliest pioneers" of the inm>ense 
 region of the northwestern territory ! 
 
 Look again at the picture — 
 
 ^^ You vjill see before you, in the legislature of Ohio, in the year 1806, 
 a young man of prepossessing and striking appearance, about twenty-three 
 or twenty-four years of age, who appears to be a leading spirit in that body, 
 of which he is a member. There is much apparent excitement in the 
 House ; the governor of the State has just sent in a message on the subject of 
 BURR'S CONSPIRACY, which M'as then producing intense anxiety and 
 alarm throughout the country. Aaron Burr was a dangerous enemy of the 
 republic, distinguished for his stupendous talents, as well as for his boundless 
 ambition and disregard of the means used to accomplish his purposes. He had 
 closed his term of office as Vice President of the United States on the 4th of 
 March, 1805, and was then, in 1806, " in the valley of the Ohio raising men 
 and means to accomplish the subversion of our institutions!" The legislature 
 of Ohio was called upon for aid in this alarming crisis, and the young man you 
 
see lefore you in the picture was appointed a member of. the committee to whom 
 the subject was referred ! He draughted and reported the law, which passed 
 unanimously, "' authorizing the governor of the State to call out the militia and ar- 
 rest all persons engaged in the unlawful enterprise;" and by the promptness and 
 energy with which this law was enforced, the treasonable design was arrested ! 
 He also drew up, with his own pen, as the offspring of his pure patriotism and 
 giant mind, the celebrated address to tlye Prersidentof the United States, which 
 was unanimously adopted by both branches of the legislature of Ohio. The 
 copy is made from the printed journals, and communicated to the President by 
 the governor of the State, as follows: 
 
 Chii.icothe, December 26, 1806. 
 
 "On Thursday last, Mr. Lewis Cass introduced the following resolution, which was agreed 
 to, and passttd both Houses without a dissentins; voice : 
 
 ^' Resolved wmnimMsly bij the GeneraUssemhbj of the. Slute of Ohio, That the governor be re- 
 quested to transmit to the President of the United Stales the following address: 
 
 " To Thomas Jefferson, esq., President of the United Stales : 
 
 "Sir: At a time when the public mind throughout the Union is a2:itated with alarming re- 
 ports, respecting the existence and design of a party hostile to the welfare prosperity and of the 
 count'-y, we deem it a duty incumbent on us U> express to ike Executive of the Union our attach- 
 ment to the governinent of the United Slates, and oar confidence in its adini^iislration. AVhatever may 
 be the intentions of desperate and abandoned men, respecting the destruction of that constitution, 
 which has raised us to our present elevated rank among the nations of the world, and which is 
 our only security for the future, we trust they will find very few advocates in the State of Ohio. 
 We express the feelings and opinions of our constituents when we say, that no arts of intriguing 
 men — no real or visionary prospects of advantage, will ever induce us to sever that bond of 
 union which is our only security against domestic violence and foreign invasion. 
 
 " Believing that the fundamental maxims of rational liberty have guided you in the adminis- 
 tration of our government, we hesitate not to express our full and entire confidence in your' 
 counsels and conduct Enjoying every blessing which, as men and as citizens, we could desire, 
 and in a country fertile in nature's choicest gifts, we should deem it presumptuous, indeed, to 
 hazard, by intestine dissentions, these incalculable advantages. We tru^t that public rumor has 
 magnified the danger; but should the design in agitation be as destructive as represented, we 
 have no doubt that all fear will shortly be dissipated before the indignation of our citizens. 
 That you may long live to enjoy the coniidence and attachment of the American people, is the 
 sincere and unanimous wish of the legislature of Ohio." 
 
 The YOUNG MAN, above described as a member of the Ohio legislature, and 
 as being the author of this spirited and eloquent address, is the same Lewis 
 €ass, who is now the candidate of the people for the Chief Executive Chair, 
 which was then occupied by Thomas Jefferson ! The response of the Presi- 
 dent to this patriotic movement of the governor and legislature of Ohio, (brought 
 into being by the clear intellect and nervous pen of Lewis Cass,) is worthy 
 of perusal ; it reads as follows : 
 
 "I have seesi, with the greatest satisfaction, that amone those who have distinguished them 
 selves by their fidelity to tiieir country on the occasion of the enterprise of Mr. Burr, yourself 
 and the legislature of Ohio have been the most eminent ; the promptitude and energy displayed 
 by your Slate, has been as honorable to itself, as salutary to us sister States : aud in declaring 
 that you have deserved well of your country, I do but express the grateful sentiment of every 
 fellow-citizen in it The hand of the people has given a mortal blow to a conspiracy, which, in 
 other countries, would have called for an appeal to arms, and has proven that government to be 
 the strongest of which every man feels himself a part. It is a happy illustration, too, of the 
 importance of preserving to the State autherities all the vigor which the constitution foresaw 
 would be necessary, not only /or their oxen safety, but for that cf the whole. 
 
 " In tn.iking these acknowledgments of the merits of having set this illustrious example of exer- 
 tion for the common safety, I pray that they may be considered as addressed to yourself and 
 the legislature particularly, and generally to every citizen who has availed himself of the oppor- 
 tunity given, of proving his devotion to his country. 
 
 " Accept ray salutatioas and assurances of great consideration and esteem, 
 
 "THOMAS JEFFERSON." 
 
 'In tlie following year, 1807, Lewis Cass, the hero of our picture, was ap- 
 pointed by President Jefferson marshal of Ohio 1 Thus was the democracy 
 and the pure and glowing patriotism of our present glorious candidate for the 
 
6 
 
 chief magistracy, when he was tvmdy-Jour years of age, endorsed by that great 
 patriarch of democracy^ Thomas Jefferson f ! ! 
 
 Look again upon the picture : 
 • fii^^yoM vnll see before you, in the year 1812, when the first call was made by 
 the general government for a volunteer force to march to the defence of 
 Detroit and the lake frontier, which was then threatened with massacre and 
 plunder by the marauding hirelings of England, a yovng Jlmerican officer of 
 noble bearing eloquently urging the patriotic young men of Ohio to rally under 
 the banner of their country, and march to the post of danger! His appeal is 
 successful and three full regiments immediately volunteered, one of which 
 elected him their colonel by acclamation ! ^^ This gallant young officer 
 was Lewis Cass, the present democratic candidate for the presidency! 
 
 Look again at the picture : 
 
 §t%- You will see before you this same Lewis Cass, at the head of his regi- 
 ment, in the summer of the same year, at the camp of Gen. Hull, (then gov- 
 ernor of Michigan Territory.) preparing to march to Detroit, The troops were 
 formed in a hollow square, and Col. CASS addressed Them as follows: 
 
 " Fellow-citizens and soldiers : The standard of your country is dis- 
 played. You have rallied round it to defend her rights and avenge her injuries. 
 May it wave protection to our friends and defiance to our enemies. And 
 should we ever meet them in the hostile field, I doubt not but that the eagle of 
 America will be found more than a match for the British lion !" 
 
 In recording this thrilling appeal, the historian speaks of it as follows : " It is 
 difficult, at this time of our peace and safety, to form an adequate conception of 
 the enthusiasm with Avhich this short but pithy address was received by the 
 flower of the State, then under arms and about to enter upon a perilous and 
 uncertain campaign." 
 
 Look again at the picture : 
 
 i^^You will see before you the gallant little army, thus stimulated to 
 deeds of glory by the favorite officer and master-spirit of the expedition, 
 on its march through the then wild and pathless wilderness bordering on lake 
 Erie — inhabited by merciless savages, encouraged in their inhuman acts by their 
 British master. See this devoted army emerge from the wilderness, and appear 
 in sight of Detroit, on the 4lh of July, 1812. See that gallant young officer, 
 whose face is familiar to you, approach the commanding general ! There he 
 stands- earnestly and eloquently urging the immediate invasion of Canada, ibr 
 the purpose of reaching and destroying, by a prompt and energetic attack, 
 the post of Maiden, then the headquarters and main rendezvous of the British 
 and their Indian allies. All his brother officers coincide with him in opinion, 
 and rapturously applaud his bold and manly spirit, as governed by the sound- 
 est judgment. General Hull consented to the invasion. A proclamation is ta 
 be prepared for the signature of the commanding general, to be circulated on 
 both sides of the channel, and our young hero is selected to perform that duty. 
 This proclamation — celebrated for its high tone, its bold sj)irit and eloquence, 
 unsurpassed in a similar document on the page of history — gave assurance to 
 the army and the country of brilliant success to our arms, and a speedy termi- 
 nation ot" hostilities! The spirit of "76 breathes tiirough every word and sen- 
 tence of it — the first of which reads as follows: "After thirty years of peace 
 and prosperity, the United States have been driven to arms. The injuries and 
 aggressions, the insult and indignities of Great Britain, have once more left 
 them no alternative but manly resistance or unconditional submission." 
 
 ^^The gallant offixer — the " master-spiril" on all trying ocasions — the author 
 of th£ patriotic proclamation described in this picture — was LEWIS CASS, the 
 present candidate of his couritrymen for the highest place they can bestow xq>on. a» 
 illustrious soldier and patriot ! ! 
 
 Look again upon the picture t 
 
^^You will see before you, on the 12th of July, 1812, a portion of the 
 American army proceeding under orders, to carry out the determination 
 to invade Canada. See that remarkable looking otficer standing erect at 
 the bow of the foremost boat, high courage and determination of purj)ose 
 illuminate his noble countenance — his look of command, of confidence in his 
 own power, would mark him as the ^'eteran commander in a hundred battles. Yet 
 he is scarcely thirty years of age, and this is his first campaign ! He commands 
 the advanced detachment of this exj)edition, and behold 1 he springs from his 
 boat, and is the first American officer or soldier to land upon the Canada shore 1 1 
 See him arrain, standinof on the ground belonsinof to the enemy, formincr his 
 men in order, and with burning eloquence urging them to battle and to victory ! 
 See him now, on the loth July, under orders from Gen. Hull, at the head of 
 250 picked men, directed to reconnoitre the enemy's advanced posts, and open 
 the road to Fort Maiden ! He ascertains that the British have a strong detatch- 
 ment stationed at the river Torantee, called by the French " Riviere aux Ca- 
 nards," 15 miles below Detroit, and occupying the strong pass at the bridge 
 across that stream, over which the American troops must pass to reach the Bri- 
 tish fort, four raiies below! With that promptness, energy, and sound judgement, 
 always marking his conduct on trying emergencies, he at once ordered the 
 bridge to be attacked and taken, and instantly disposing of his rifles and other 
 troops to such advantage that, after a short but brisk conflict, he drove off" the 
 enemy with considerable loss, without himself losing a single man ! I Thus was 
 the road opened for the march of the American army to the British headquarters 
 at Fort Maiden, and our young hero immediately communicated the important 
 intelligence to his commanding officer, Gen. Hull. ^^The brave and gallant 
 officer, whose conduct is thus portrayed from the page of history, was Col. LEWIS 
 CASS, now the candidate of the American people for tkfi presidency 1 1 ! 
 
 l^5^Let it be here remembered that the battle at the bridge of Riviere aux Ca- 
 nards, was thej^rs'^ that vjas fought in the war o/'1812 / Victory crowned this first 
 trial, and Col. Lewis Cass was the hero of it! ! He had opened the road to 
 Fort Maiden, and advised and urged, with all his pdwer and eloquence, upon 
 Gen. Hull to pursue the advantage thus obtained. Had his advice been taken, 
 as has been since universally admitted, the war on that frontier would have been 
 closed. But Hull hesitated, faltered, and ultimately refused, and Col. Cass 
 and his victorious little band was ordered back to headquarters. From that mo- 
 ment all confidence was lost in Gen. Hull : indecision, weakness, cowardice, 
 marked him as their victim, and ultimately led to his trial, conviction, and sen- 
 tence to be shot ! 
 
 Look again upon this picture : 
 
 (ji^You will see before you the hero of the first and only battle fought and 
 victory won during Hull's campaign, standing with his arms folded, an unusual 
 gloom and melancholy spread over his features his lips compressed aud his- 
 brow contracted in anger ! 
 
 gi^This officer, this hero of our picture, is Col. Lewis Cass ! In the language 
 lately used in reference to his conduct and bearing in that trying period, by the 
 gallant and accomplished Gen. Jesup, he "saw dangers clustering around our 
 devoted army; and all confidence being lost in the commanding general, there 
 was no way to avert them ! Hull turned a deaf ear to the counsel of his officers, 
 and as much as possible shunned their company. Our gallant army was doomed 
 to disgrace and deteat, unless he was deposed as commander in chief! He es- 
 pecially shunned the company and counsel of Colonels Cass, McArthur, Find- 
 ley, Miller, and Major Jesup, then acting adjutant general, who, in disgust, 
 tendered his resignation, and only withdrew it at the pressing solicitation of 
 Colonel Cass ! Three days before the surrender of Detroit, Colonel McArthur 
 was ordered off" with a detachment on a perilous expedition, to relieve a small 
 party having charge of provisions and ammunition, then surrounded by the In- 
 
dians, and in imminent danger. Colonel Cass accompanied the detachment as 
 second in command. On the day they were returning, and when they were 
 within a few miles of Detroit, Colonel McArthur received the following letter 
 from General Hull, sent by express : 
 
 Letter from Ge^ieral Hull to Colonel Duncan McJlrlhur. 
 
 "Headquarters at Detroit, August 16, 1812. 
 
 " Sir : I have signed articles of capitulation for the surrender of this garrison, in which you 
 and j/owr rZe/ac/iwif«< are prisoners of war. Such part of the Ohio miliii'A as have not joined the 
 army will be permitted to return to their homes, on condition that they will not serve during the 
 war. The arms, however, will be delivered up, if belonging to the public. 
 " 1 am, very respectfully, &c., 
 
 "W- HULL, 
 "Brigadier General, Ctmmanding ^''orthiccslJli-iny. 
 " Co!. Duncan McArthur." 
 
 Look again upon that picture: 
 
 §i%-you will see Col. Cass — our gallant hero — in solemn silence listening 
 to the reading of the above degrading, heart-rending order! But when re- 
 quested to give up his sword by order of General Hull, he indignantly exclaim- 
 ed : "Traitor — he has verified our worst fears — he has brought disgrace upon 
 our gallant army and upon the country ! But the ENEMY shall never receive 
 the HILT OF MY sword!" And in uttering this proud defiance, he shivered it 
 to pieces, and cast the fragments from him upon the ground ! ! ! 
 
 gi^The next thing we see, in the history of these evil times, spread upon the 
 canvass, is a council of the heroic ofiicers, whose spirits determined not to be 
 crushed by the cowardice of their commanding officer ; and Col. McArthur, 
 tha senior of this band of gallant spirits, in approving of the decision of that 
 council, immediately ordered Col. CASS to proceed to Washington city, and 
 communicate all the fac-te* respecting the expedition commanded by General 
 Hull, terminating in his surrender of Detroit. As soon as practicable he re- 
 paired to Washington in pursuance of this order. His report to the Secretary 
 of War is dated Washington, September 10, 1812, and has long been before 
 the American people. H covers the whole ground of operations, in that bold 
 and lucid style and manner for which its author is so celebrated, and for 
 which he was selected by his brother officers to perform this delicate, impor- 
 tant, and responsible duty. Every charge and accusation brought against Gen. 
 Hull in this report, was sanctioned by his brother officers, and was proved and 
 substantiated before the court martial who tried him ! He was found guilty, and 
 sentenced to be shot ! ! 
 
 Look again upon the picture : (jj^Yom will see before you, in the summer of 
 1813, the same Lewis Cass, then a brigadier general in the army of the United 
 States — having been commissioned as such by the President and Senate, in con- 
 sequence of his bravery and gallant conduct throughout the campaign of the 
 preceding year! See him in the autumn of 1813, at the headquarters of Gen. 
 Harrison, as well the flower of chivalry as of the American army ! Look at the 
 order of Gen. Harrison, dated September 27, 1813, " prescribing the order of 
 march and of battle, when the whole army should act together," and which re- 
 sulted in the glorious " battle of the Thames /" The last sentence of this order 
 reads as follows : 
 
 " Brigadier General Cass will designate such (fficrrs as he may deem proper, to assist Capt. El- 
 liot, of the navy, in the arrnngemtnt of the boats and the debarcation of the troops. The General 
 will be the signal for the whole to move. By commtind : 
 
 "EDMUND P. GAINES, Col. & Adj't. Gen." 
 
 §tfi=» This shows the prominent position assigned to our hero by the com- 
 mander-in-chief of the American army, in preparing for the last decisive blow 
 at the river Thames. 
 
 (k^ Look again, and read the official report of that glorious battle and victory, 
 made by Gen. Harrison to the Secretary of War, dated " Headquarters, De- 
 
troit, October 9, 1813," and among other high and honorable mention of the 
 brave Gen. Cass, you will read the following : 
 
 " With my aids-decamp, the acting assistant adjutant general, Capt. Butler, my gallant 
 friend Com. Perry, who did me the Loner to serve as my volunteer aid-de-camp, and Brigadier 
 General Cass, who tendered me his assistance, I placed myself at the head of the front line of 
 infantry, to direct the movements of the cavalry, and give them the necessary support." Again, 
 in the same letter, in speaking of the conduct of the officers and men under his command, Gen. 
 Harrison says : " I have already stated that Gen. Cass and Com. Perrt assisted me informing 
 the troops for action. The former is an officer of the highest merit, and the appearance of the 
 brave Commodore cheered and animated every breast." 
 
 ^(3= It is well known to the American people, that the battle of the Thame^ 
 terminated the campaign in the Northwest, and Gen. Harrison returned with 
 his army to Detroit for the purpose of making arrangements to descend the lake 
 to operate on the Niagara frontier. 
 
 Look once more upon the picture : 
 
 (tj^ And you will see before you the commanding general selecting one of 
 his officers to leave temporarily in command of Detroit, (which Hull had sur- 
 rendered the year before,) and the whole northwestern frontier, including the 
 province of Upper Canada ! This selection fell upon General Lewis Cass, in 
 consequence of his transcendent abilities, which united in the same person ex- 
 traordinary military and civil capacity, and he was thus invested with all the 
 powers of military and civil governor over that extensive region of country, 
 iilled with numerous tribes of hostile Lidians, who were still under the pay of 
 tiie British government, and continually excited to acts of aggression and bar- 
 barity by British agents! 
 
 i^ President Madison confirmed this selection, and General Cass was im- 
 mediately, in October, 1813, appointed governor of Michigan Territory, at that 
 time the most important and responsible civil and military station within the 
 gift of the Executive ! One solitary fact speaks volumes in favor of the hero 
 whose civil and military career has been faitll'fully portrayed from the page of 
 history. Look at ii : 
 
 ^l3=^General LEWIS CASS was seven thnes nominated as Governor and super- 
 intendent of Indian affairs^ by four successive Presidents, and seven times 
 confirmed unanimously by the Senate of the United States ! ! ! 
 
 He continued to discharge the highly responsible, arduous, and important 
 duties of that office, from the day he was first appointed, up to the year 1831, 
 when he was called by President ANDREW JACKSON to take charge of the 
 War Department ! ! During that time he negotiated TWENTY-ONE treaties 
 with the Indian tribes, and extinguished their title, by fair and honorable 
 purchase, to upwards of one hundred millions of acres of land I ! 
 
 {jl^EvERY acre of which, is free soil! ! ! 
 
 {ji^^During all this long (and a portion of it, exciting and turbulent) period, 
 he " presei-ved peace on the frontiers," by his just, upright, and liberal inter- 
 course with the red man ! His favorite expression was — 
 
 gi^-"Kind words, properly and firmly expressed to those poor creatures — with 
 a few hundred dollars judiciously given to them as presents, to cover their naked- 
 ness, feed their hunger, and quiet their superstitions, when they express uneasi- 
 ness or bad temper — are worth millions in life and money expended in gun- 
 powder" ! ! 
 
 i^ The man who thus treated the " poor Indians" — the genuine Native 
 Americans, found in this country when the foot of the white man made its 
 first imprint upon our soil — the hero of the picture we have presented, who 
 was, in the year 1831, at the head of the War Department — is General Lewis 
 Cass, the candidate of the American people for the Presidential Chair ! ! ! 
 
 Citizens of Pennsylvania! 
 You who have the power to exercise the inestimable right of suffrage at the ap- 
 proaching presidential election — we ask you to pause for a moment, and glance 
 
10 
 
 your eye once more over the picture ! Remember the boy of New Hampshire, 
 
 as he first appears before you at the tender age of seventeen years, on foot, and 
 with all his earthly goods slung across his shoulder, pressing bravely along your 
 rough and unbroken road from the river Delaware to the western boundary of 
 your State, at the junction of the Allegheny and Monongahela, where he ar- 
 rived with but a single dollar in his pocket! See him the leading spirit in the 
 Ohio, legislature, at the age of twenty-three years ! See him as tiie gallant sol- 
 dier in the war vvith England of 1812 ! See him as governor and superintend- 
 ent of Michigan Territory, where the great civil powers of his mind, his extra- 
 ordinary knowledge of human nature, fully developed themselves ! See him 
 for nearly twenty years, whilst in the performance of his important official 
 duties as governor, the occupant of an old log farm-house on the suburbs of 
 Detroit ! ICf^Every Pennsylvanian — every man in the country, who has ascend- 
 ed our northern lakes, will recollect, with emotions of pride and pleasure, 
 this old farm-house and its hospitable and benevolent occupant! The 
 first and usual questions pi]t to strangers, on landing at Detroit, were — " Have 
 you seen the governor? Will you go and see the governor? His residence is 
 in that neat, old-fashioned-looking farm-house ? It is the very home of kind- 
 ness and hospitality." lEj' Thus, fellow-citizens of Pennsylvania, have we 
 traced the energetic, patriotic, and brilliant career of our present candidate for 
 the presidency, from the time he left his native New Hampshire a poor boy, 
 and travelled on foot through your noble Commonwealth, up to the year 1831, 
 when we find him, at the age of 49 years, a member of President Jackson's 
 cabinet, as Secretary of War ! 
 
 Look again upon the portrait of the life and services of LEWIS CASS, and 
 mark his patriotic and brilliant career up to the present time ! 
 
 |l3^You find him from the year 1831 up to the year 1836, a distinguished 
 and leading member of General Jackson's cabinet, possessing to the last mo- 
 ment the entire and undiminished confidence of that great hero and patriot, 
 who separated from him, as Secretary of War and as one of his constitutional 
 advisers, (although near the close of his administration,) with feelings of the 
 deepest sorrow and regret. The health of General CASS, in consequence of 
 the close confinement to the arduous duties of the War Department during five 
 years, so diff"erent from his former active life, became much impaired ; and the 
 President, in accepting of his resignation, immediately appointed him to the 
 high and important place of representative of the United States at the 
 Court of France! He sailed from New York upon his new mission in October, 
 1836. 
 
 Look again upon the picture I The next scene is on the other side of the 
 broad Atlantic — 
 
 lEJ^You will see before you, in the year 1841, in the city of Paris, a tin- 
 selled conclave, composed of ministers representing the five great powers of 
 Europe — England, France, Russia, Prussia, nwAJlustria! They are concocting, 
 under the guidance and direction of England, that grand scheme of maritime 
 policy, which would empower the boasted "Queen of the Ocean" to enter, and 
 search with impunity, every vessel of every nation found upon the high seas ! ! A 
 treaty was entered into, and actually signed, upon this basis, by the representa- 
 tives of the five powers, which is universally known throughout this country as 
 the " quintuple treaty P' 
 
 People of America — citizens of the only republic in the world — look again at 
 the picture : 
 
 i^^ You will see before you, in the vicinity of the conclave just described, a 
 plain-looking American citizen, in the unostentatious garb of his, country, seat- 
 ed at his table busily writing ! That citizen is LEWIS CASS, the representa- 
 tive of the United States at the French court! The paper he now holds in his 
 hand is an appeal to the government and people of France, and the other pow- 
 
11 
 
 ers of Europe, in opposition to the Quintuple Treaty, which was then in em- 
 bryo ! He warns them to beware of entering into an alliance for the purpose 
 of coosummating an arrangement which was not only degrading to themselves, 
 but would be a direct assault upon the honor, the integrity, and interests of the 
 United States! His address, afterwards printed in pamphlet form, in English, 
 German, and French, and circulated throughout Europe, is the most powerful 
 argument on th« great maritime question of "right of search," that ever ema- 
 nated from the human mind ! It is a document truly and purely American, and 
 has been looked at with wonder and admiration even in Europe! As a master 
 eftort of diplomacy, it has been extensively read in this country, and need only be 
 adverted to now to bring it vividly to the recollection of the American people ! 
 During this great battle with the combined powers of Europe, Gen. Cass, as the 
 representative of the United States, was left without instructions from his gov- 
 ernment, so sudden and unexpected was the scheme concocted and brought 
 into being, in the form of a treaty ! His protest to the ratification of that treaty, 
 as the last resort, was addressed exclusively to the government and people of 
 France — and it had the desired effect ! FRANCE refused her ratijicaiion. The 
 famous " Quintuple Treaty" thus received its death-blow, and proud, arrogant 
 old England experienced the first check in her foreign policy, of which this was 
 the darling favorite, that she had encountered for a quarter of a century ! 
 
 ICf^ Thus did Lewis Cass, as the representa4ive of the United States of Amer- 
 ica, struggle single-handed and alone with the crowned despots of Europe, 
 without aid or counsel from his own government! And in this effort for the 
 preservation of peace, as he predicted when involved in war, he proved that the 
 ^^ American eagle was an overmatch for the British lion'." |I3^ In this great 
 achievement, our glorious candidate for the presidency averted an inevitable MJar 
 of nations, which would have been more bloody, ruinous, and desolating in its 
 consequences than any ever known to the civilized world!! tl~^ And his 
 whole course, every effort he made, and weapon used in the great conflict, received 
 the highest sanction and praise of his goveryiment and of the American people, 
 whenever they became knovni. 
 
 Look again upon that picture : 
 
 lCj="You will see before you LEWIS CASS, as our representative in France, 
 receiving the reply of the French minister, M. GuizoT, to his protest against 
 the quintuple treaty. This reply is couched in the most respectful and concil- 
 iatory language, announcing, with apparent pleasure, the rejection of the ob- 
 noxious treaty, and disavowing all intention on the part of his government of 
 doing anything to disturb the friendly relations existing with the United States, 
 to whom he pledged the continued and unalterable friendship of the French 
 government and people ! 
 
 IC^In this successful and brilliant manner did the mission of our represen- 
 tative close at the Court of France! In September of the same year, (1842,) 
 he received news of the ratification of the famous Ashburton treaty, and he 
 immediately resigned his office as Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States 
 at the Court of France ! 
 
 iCl^See him again, at the close of his mission, in the great battle of intellect 
 with the '-'Goliah of the East," the godlike Daniel Webster, as he has been 
 denominated ! And again our republican hero is victorious! 
 
 Look again at the picture : 
 
 |El="You will see before you, in December, 1842, Lewis Cass standing once 
 more upon American soil, just landed from the ship which brought him from 
 Europe, and surrounded by thousands and tens of thousands of his fellow-citi- 
 zens, tendering him the homage of their increased admiration and affection ! 
 His route from Boston, through New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio, to his 
 home in Michigan, was cheered by the grateful rejoicings of his countrymen ! 
 At Detroit, his old neishbors and fellow-citizens, from every quarter of Mich- 
 
12 
 
 igan, were assembled to greet his arrival — and the reunion is described as of the 
 most sublime and touching character! 
 
 |l3="Thus we tind the hero of our picture, once more, in the winter of 1842- 
 '43, seated at his own fireside, as a plain citizen of Detroit, surrounded by affec- 
 tionate friends and neighbors. But he was not long permitted to remain re- 
 posing in the young Commonwealth, which the fiat of fate had, at an early day, 
 fixed as his residence ! — a Commonwealth which he had nursed in its territorial 
 infancy, and which had, under his paternal care, so rapidly risen into vigorous 
 manhood, and became one of the States of the confederacy ! ! In the month of 
 May, 1844, a national convention assembled at Baltimore, for the purpose of 
 nominating candidates for the presidency and vice presidency of the Utiited 
 States. The name of LEWIS CASS was brought before that convention as a 
 candidate for the first office. On the first ballot he received eighty-three votes, 
 and continued to rise on every ballot till he received one hundred and twenty- 
 three on the seventh ballot, which was within fifteen votes of placing him in 
 nomination! The convention then adjourned till the next day, when it was 
 agreed to take a compromise candidate to oblige the friends of Martin Van 
 BuREN ; and James K. Polk was nominated ! ! 
 
 Look again upon the picture: 
 
 |I5^ You will see the veteran hero and patriot, Lewis Cass, at his home at 
 Detroit, on the evening of the day the news of the democratic nomination at 
 Baltimore reached that place ; and at a meeting called by the democracy, hear 
 him making a powerful and eloquent speech in favor of the nominee James K. 
 Polk, and urging his fellow-citizens to unite in his support ! Immediately fol- 
 lowing this disinterested and noble course, adopted by our distinguished coun- 
 tryman, he received an invitation from the democratic committee at Nashville, 
 Tennessee, to visit that place. He accepted the invitation, and was present at 
 the great convention held there in August of that year. His arrival was an- 
 nounced by the firing of cannon, and his reception was marked with every de- 
 monstration of joy and gratitude! Of his speech at that convention, those 
 present vie with each other in describing it as a master effort of a master mind! 
 iCl^But see him visit the Hermitage, take once more by the hand, and freely 
 commune with his old friend Andrew Jackson! An eye-witness describes the 
 parting scene between these veteran heroes and patriots, as " impressive and 
 affecting beyond description ! The tears of the veterans (he says) were mingled 
 together as they bade each other a last farewell ! ! 
 
 13= One of these heroes — the " hero of our picture," is now before the 
 American people as a candidate for the high place which the other filled with so 
 much honor and glory to his beloved country ! 
 
 Look once more upon the picture: 
 
 tC^Jlnd you will see your present candidate for the presidency, Lewis Cass, 
 whose history has been traced through a period of nearly half a century, in the 
 Senate of the United States, a member of which he was elected by the legisla- 
 ture of Ohio in the winter of 1844. He takes his seat in that body on the 4th 
 of March, 1845. You there again see his republican principles, his exalted 
 patriotism, his giant mind brought into full exercise. Every measure of the dem- 
 ocratic party brought into being to promote and render permanent the pros- 
 perity of his country, and tending to advance and maintain her dignity and 
 honor at home and abroad, received his prompt, energetic, and powerful sup- 
 port. On every great and important question, in which our country and peo- 
 ple are brought in conflict with foreign nations, he is found on the side of his 
 country ! 
 
 Jl3^0n the Texas and Oregon questions he occupied a prominent and deter- 
 mined position. His powerful and eloquent speeches in favor of the admission 
 of the •■' lone star," and in maintenance of our " right to the whole of Oregon," 
 as being entitled to a place under our free institutions, have long been before 
 
13 
 
 the country, and attentively read by all classes. And his whole course and 
 conduct upon those exciting topics have met favor in the eyes of every Ameri- 
 can citizen anxious for the extension of republican principles, and vi'ho reveres 
 the advice of Andrew Jackson, which enjoins upon us "to ask Jiothing that is 
 not right, and submit to nothing that is wrong." 
 
 ICf^On the all-absorbing question of SLAVERY, which has been for years, 
 and is now, in the hands of fanatics and reckless political gamblers, convulsino- 
 the Union from one end to the other, he took a bold, decided, and fearless 
 stand. Born in a northern State — a citizen through life of a northern State — 
 never for a single day the resident of a slave State — yet we find him casting 
 aside all sectional feelings and prejudices, and boldly stepping into the breach 
 made by the agitators of the North and South ! He erects his platform and 
 stands upon it — his flag is flung to the breeze, and his mottoes are "the 
 compact between the States must be held inviolate !" "the integrity of the Union 
 must be preserved !" He stands forth as the champion of the whole country, 
 and not a part of it ! In the language of Washington, he warns the peo- 
 ple to "oppose and indignantly frown down every atteiT:ipt to alienate one sec- 
 tion of the Union against the other!" He agrees with Mr. Buchanan that 
 the line established by the "Missouri compromise"' is the best natural divis- 
 ion of "free" and "slave" labor — and that the prosperity of the country and 
 sound policy commend its adoption ! But he doubts the constitutional power 
 of Congress to legislate on the subject, or to enforce any line, if objected to by 
 either portion of the Union. In his speeches and in his celebrated J^'ichol- 
 son letter, he declares that Congress has no right to legislate upon the question 
 of slavery in States or in the Territories, in advance of their application to be ad- 
 mitt ed into the Union as States! That ^Ae PEOPLE composing the population 
 of a. Territory, when forming the constitution for admission, have the sole power to 
 say whether they will have FREE or SLAVE LABOR !! 
 
 Id^'Thus it will be seen that the ground assumed by the democratic candi- 
 date, LEWIS CASS, whilst a senator of the United States, on the subject of 
 "slavery" and "free soil," was, that all the soil within the limits of the 
 Union is free, unless the people occupying it declare otherwise ! And that 
 Congress has no more right to interfere with the domestic affairs of the Souths 
 than it has to enact a law making Pennsylvania a slave State ! Why, 
 then, will a single one of the intelligent and honest people of that good old 
 Commonwealth be led astray by the new-fangled gull-trap of "free soil ?" 
 
 ftcf-On the tariff question, and upon all other questions of domestic policy 
 brought before the Senate, he is found the gifted and fearless advocate of dem- 
 ocratic principles — opposing all great moneyed corporations and monopolies, 
 which tend only to make the rich richer and the poor poorer — that benefits the 
 wealthy fev), to the injury of the toiling millions. Kind and benevolent in his 
 disposition, as he is sound and unerring in judgment, the welfare and prosperiity 
 of the whole country his only care — the proprietors of iron and other manufactures, 
 and of the inexhaustible coal-mines of Pennsylvania have nothing to fear at his 
 hands! If he finds they need additional protection to enable them to secure a 
 fair profit on their investments, he will listen like a kind parent to their appeals, 
 and recommend with all his strength and power that justice be done ! At the 
 same time he will keep a vigilant eye upon the interests of the Farmer — the 
 tiller of the soil — and other industrial classes, and see that they shall not 
 suffer injury by any wild and reckless scheme introduced under the specious 
 name of "protection to American industry !" 
 
 ll^On the "Mexican war" question, as chairman of the Committee on Mili- 
 tary Aflfairs, he was the leading champion "on the side of his country." He 
 was unceasing in his efferts to aid our glorious army, battling for their coun- 
 try's honor in a foreign land, by sending additional forces and the means of 
 
14 
 
 comfortable subsistence ! Whilst, at the same time, the enemies of democracy, 
 who are now supporting one of the heroes of that war for the presidency, were 
 counselling the Mexicans to welcome our brave army "wit/i bloody hands to 
 hospitable graves !" 
 
 Look again, and lor the last time, upon our picture, as representing the pub- 
 lic career of Lewis Cass : 
 
 it^ A ad you will still see him upon duty in the Senate of the United States, 
 on the 25th day of May, 1848. On. that day he was nominated by the Democratic 
 National Convention, sitting in Baltimore, as a candidate for President af the 
 United States ! Lnmediately upon receiving official intelligence of his nomi- 
 nation, he resigned his seat in the Senate, and returned to the bosom of his 
 family and friends in Michigan, where he now is li'ONE of the People — a 
 
 PRIVATE CITIZEN ! ! 
 
 UNPEOPLE OF PENNSYLVANLA.— you who compose the democratic 
 PARTY, which is in truth the People's party — you have now before you a faith- 
 ful portrait, drawn by yourselves, from your own memories, and the page of 
 HISTORY, of the candidate of the democracy for the highest place in the gift of 
 freemen ! ! 
 
 The endorsers of his principles — his patriotism — his integrity — his stupen- 
 dous abilities — will pass current with you. They are — 
 
 iX^ Thomas Jefferson — James Madison — James Monroe — Andrew Jackson — 
 the American Saiate, who eleven times confirmed his nomination to the high 
 posts of trust and honor in the republic, without a dissenting voice ! ! Add 
 to these the voice of the democi'acy who placed him before the country for the highest 
 place it can bestow on man. 
 
 The following letter from the gallant hero, whose ashes now repose at the 
 Hermitage, but whose memory is still fresh in the affections of the people of 
 Pennsylvania, we commend as a recommendation of LEWIS CASS, which 
 should in itself bring out the lion-hearted democracy of the "Old Keystone" ia 
 his support : 
 
 Hermitage, July, 1843. 
 
 Mt Dear Sir: I have the pleasure to acknowledge your very friendly letter of the 25th May last. 
 It reached me in due course of nnail ; but such were my debility and afflictions, that I have been 
 prevented from replying to it until now ; and even now it is with great difficulty that I write. 
 In return for your kind expressions witli regard to myself, I have to remark, that I shall ever 
 recollect, my dear general, with great satisfaction, the relations, both private and official, which, 
 subsisted between us during the greater part of my administration. Having full confidence in 
 your abilities and republican principles, I mvited you to my cabinet ; and I can never forget 
 with what discretion and talents you met those great and delicate questions which were brought 
 before you whilst you presided over the Department of War, which entitle you to my thanks, 
 and will ever be recollected with the most lively feelings of friendship by me. 
 
 But what has endeared you to every true American, was the noble stand which you took, as 
 our minister at Paris, against the quintuple treaty, and which by your talents, energy, and fear- 
 less responsibility, defeated its ratification by France — a treaty intended by Great Britain to 
 change our international laws, make her mistress of the seas, and destroy the national indepen- 
 dence, not only of oar country, but of all Europe, and enable her to become the tyrant on every 
 ocean. Had Great Britain obtained the sanction of France to this treaty, {with the lale disgraceful 
 ireaty of Washington — so disreputable to our national character und injurious to our national 
 safely — then indeed we might have hung our harps upon the willows, and resigned our national 
 independence to Great Britain. But, I repeat, to your talents, energy, and fearless responsibility, 
 we are indebted for the shield thrown over us from the im|iending danger which the ratification of 
 the quintuple treaty by France would have brought upon us. For this act, the thanks of every 
 true American, and the applause of every true republican, are yours ; and for this noble act I 
 tender you my thanks. 
 
 I admired the course of Dr. Linn, in the Senate, in urging his Oregon bill; and I hope hia 
 energy will carry it into a law at the next session of Congress. This will speak to England a 
 languaeye which she will understand — that we will not submit to be negotiated out of our 
 
 TERRITORIAL RIGHTS HEREAFTER. 
 
 Receive assurances of my friendship and esteem. 
 
 ANDREW JACKSON. 
 To the Hon, Lewis Case. i 
 
15 
 
 §i^Theve is a remarkable similarity in the lives and career of Andrew 
 Jackson and Lewis Cass worthy of consideration ! Both were conspicuous 
 officers, and fouijht gallantly through the war of 1812! Genera! Jackson 
 afterwards retired to private life, and occupied civil station ! So did General 
 Cass! General Jackson was elected a senator of the United States, and occu 
 pied that high place when he was placed in nomination by the democracy of 
 the country! So was and did Gen. Cass! Gen. Jackson resigned his seat in 
 the Senate the moment he was put in nomination for the presidency, and re- 
 turned again to PRIVATE life ! So did General CASS, our present candidate for 
 the presidency ! ! ! 
 
 lE^ With all the testimonials before them, establishing the character of 
 Lewis Cass as a hero— a patriot— a statesman of transcendent abilities and 
 unimpeachable integrity — can it be wondered at that he is so strong in the affec- 
 tions of the people, who have so long watched and admired his patriotic and 
 successful career ? 
 
 Inj^ Let the stout-hearted democracy, then, sound their ancient battle-cry, 
 and rally their forces to the conflict on the 7th day of next November ! Their 
 opponents have no principle upon which to rally their forces that they dare 
 avow! They have cast aside the "embodiment" of modern whigery, and se- 
 lected a commander who declares he never had any political principles, but will 
 cheerfully become the candidate of any or every party, or fragment of a party ! 
 In one State he is supported as a " free soil" candidiate — although he never had 
 his family residence, or owned a foot of land, without the limits of a slave State, 
 for a single hour in his life!! In another place the votes of the "abolition 
 party" are solicited for him, although he is the owner of upwards of two hun- 
 dred slaves in the States of Louisiana and Mississippi ! ! 
 
 id^Democrats of Pennsylvania ! in such a contest you have nothing to fear! 
 You have suffered a temporary defeat in the recent gubernatorial election — but 
 you will never let it be said that you will " stay whipped !" Let the old lion be 
 aroused from his slumber, and you will give your glorious candidate, LEWIS 
 CASS, an old-fashioned Jackson majority. By doing this — 
 
 C!r3-You will preserve the " integrity of the Union," and give a new lease 
 to the life of the constitution ! ! ! 
 
 ^ READ— AND CIRCULATE. 
 
011 897 631 9 # 
 
^