Class J/, A ^7 
 
J^n^ra/^ed^ "by Meyer. 
 
 ILABT FAWSMAWlgc 
 
MEMOIRS 
 LADY FANSHAWE, 
 
 WIFE OF 
 
 SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE, BART. 
 
 AMBASSADOR FROM CHARLES THE SECOND 
 TO THE COURTS OF PORTUGAL AND MADRID. 
 
 WRITTEN BY HERSELF. 
 
 EXTRACTS FROM THE CORRESPONDENCE 
 
 OF 
 
 SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 
 
 NEW EDITION. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 HENRY COLBURN AND RICHARD BENTLEY, 
 
 NEW BURLINGTON STREET. 
 
 MDCCCXXX. 
 
■ 1 S 3 ' 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 PRINTED BY SAMUEL BENTLEY 
 
 Dorset Street, Fleet Street. 
 
 I 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 The following Memoir has been copiously 
 quoted in various popular works, accompanied 
 by expressions of admiration and regret that 
 the Manuscript was allowed to remain inedited. 
 To what cause the delay in its appearance 
 is to be attributed, it is not requisite to in- 
 quire ; and the remarks which are necessary to 
 introduce it, will be confined to a notice of the 
 principal cl^pas which it possesses to attention. 
 
 The life of that person whose autobiography, 
 if written with simplicity and truth, would not 
 be both instructive and amusing, must have been 
 unusually monotonous, or he must be destitute of 
 ability to describe it. The writer who merely 
 records what he saw and heard, the various feel- 
 
IV PREFACE. 
 
 ings by which he was influenced, the conduct of 
 those with whom he came in contact, together 
 with such anecdotes as occurred or were related 
 to him, may rest assured of the approbation and 
 gratitude of his readers. 
 
 If this be true of autobiography in general, 
 much may be expected from the Memoirs of an 
 accomplished and clever woman, the wife of one 
 of the most faithful servants of Charles the First 
 and Charles the Second, who, after severe suffer- 
 ings in the royal cause, in England, Scotland, Ire- 
 land, Holland, France, and Spain, became a mem- 
 ber of the Privy Council, and Ambassador from 
 the last-mentioned monarch to two foreign Courts; 
 because she was his constant companion, excepting 
 when it was requisite that she should separate 
 from him to raise money for the s^port of her 
 family, or to enable her husband to fulfil the 
 important duties which were confided to him. 
 
 From the day of her marriage until she be- 
 came a widow, more than twenty years, her life 
 was one scene of activity, privation, or danger. 
 The fortitude with which she endured, and the 
 
PREFACE. V 
 
 heroism with which she surmounted difficulties 
 that would have overwhelmed an ordinary mind, 
 the firmness she displayed on many trying occa- 
 sions, and her ardent loyalty to her sovereign, 
 give to the early part of her narrative the 
 air of a romance ; but the unquestionable vera- 
 city of her statements, her moral courage, and 
 above all, her practical, but unassuming piety, 
 excite a degree of interest which no romance can 
 impart. 
 
 The Memoir was written in the year 1676, 
 for the instruction of her only surviving son. Sir 
 Richard Fanshawe, then a youth, to whom it is 
 addressed. Her style is remarkable for its sim- 
 plicity, her advice to her son is sound and excel- 
 lent, and whether the Narrative be read for the 
 historical inforijpation which it contains, or with 
 no higher motive than amusement, it would be 
 difficult to name a volume more calculated to af- 
 ford gratification. Celebrated as this country is 
 for female talent and virtue, there are few with 
 whom Lady Fanshawe may not be compared and 
 gain by the comparison ; for, besides her literary 
 
VI PREFACE. 
 
 merits, her conduct presents instances of conjugal 
 devotion, of maternal excellence, and of enduring 
 fortitude under calamities, which render her a 
 bright example to posterity. 
 
 Perhaps in no case could it be more desirable 
 that a narrative should be printed precisely as it 
 came from the mind of the writer, than in the 
 present. The Editor has therefore refrained from 
 making any other alteration in the text than to 
 modernize the spelling. There is cause to be- 
 lieve that the MS. is not so perfect as might 
 be wished, as- there are a few evident mistakes 
 in dates, the names of persons are sometimes 
 mis-spelt, and one or two trifling discrepancies 
 occur: of its authenticity, however, no doubt 
 can be entertained. The MS., from which this 
 volume is printed, was copied, in 1786, from 
 one written in 1776, by Lady Fanshawe's great- 
 grand-daughter, Charlotte Colman, from the ori- 
 ginal, which was written under her Ladyship's 
 inspection about four years before her death, and 
 to which she refers in her Will. 
 
 It was difficult to correct the errors in the 
 
PREFACE. Vll 
 
 dates, because the Authoress sometimes uses the 
 old, and sometimes the new style, and now and 
 then speaks of things out of the order in which 
 they happened ; but the most material of those 
 mistakes are pointed out in the Notes, which also 
 contain the few illustrations the text requires. 
 
 At the end of the volume, extracts will be 
 found from Sir Richard Fanshawe^s official Cor- 
 respondence, which contain every statement of 
 general interest. Some of these are printed for 
 the first time ; and a brief Memoir, presenting 
 the principal facts in the life of himself and of his 
 wife, is prefixed, with the hope of rendering her 
 narrative better understood. 
 
 In this edition the proper names of persons and 
 places have been carefully corrected, and some 
 additional notes are inserted. 
 
 N.. H^N.; 
 
 3rd August 1830. '^ 
 
 'KX.^--. 
 
INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 
 
 It may, possibly, be thought unnecessary to prefix 
 to this work a biographical sketch of the persons 
 whose careers are faithfully related in it ; and it may 
 be considered an act of imprudence to place the cold 
 and measured statements of an Editor, in juxta-position 
 with the nervous and glowing narrative of the amiable 
 historian of the lives of her husband and herself. The 
 latter objection, however true, ought not to prevent 
 such remarks being made as may cause her labours to 
 be better understood, and more highly appreciated ; 
 especially, as information can be supplied, and in a 
 few instances, comments submitted, which may render 
 that justice to the writer, it was impossible for her to 
 do to herself. 
 
 These pages will, however, contain a statement 
 of the chief events of the lives of Sir Richard and Lady 
 Fanshawe ; and although most of them are mentioned 
 in her Memoir, they are so frequently interrupted by 
 
2 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 
 
 anecdotes and reflections, as well as by accounts of 
 places and ceremonies, that it is often difficult to fol- 
 low her. This article may then be considered as the 
 outline of a picture, which is filled up by a far abler 
 and more pleasing artist; or, perhaps, it bears a nearer 
 resemblance to the graphic references which generally 
 accompany the descriptions of paintings, for the pur- 
 pose of illustrating them. 
 
 The genealogy of the P'anshawe family is so fuliy 
 stated in the Memoir, that it is not requisite to allude 
 to the subject, farther than to observe, that Sir Richard 
 was descended from an ancient and respectable house ; 
 that many of its members filled official situations under 
 the Crown, and were honoured with Knighthood; that 
 he was the fifth and youngest son of Sir Henry Fan- 
 shawe, of Ware Park, in Hertfordshire, Knight, by 
 Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Smythe, Esq. Farmer 
 of the Customs to Queen Elizabeth, the younger son 
 of an ancient Wiltshire family, and ancestor of the 
 Viscounts Strangford ; and that his eldest brother 
 was raised jto the peerage by the title of Viscount 
 Fanshawe, of Dromore, in Ireland. 
 
 Sir Richard Fanshawe was born at Ware Park, in 
 June 1608, and was baptized on the 12th of that 
 month. His father having died in 1616, when he was 
 little more than seven years old, the care of his educa- 
 tion devolved upon his mother, who placed him under 
 the celebrated schoolmaster, Thomas Farnaby ; and 
 in November 1623 he was admitted a Fellow-corn- 
 
INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 3 
 
 moner of Jesus College, Cambridge, where he is said 
 to have prosecuted his studies with success, and to 
 have evinced a taste for classical literature. Being 
 intended for the Bar, he was entered of the Inner 
 Temple on the 22nd of January 1626 ; but that pro- 
 fession ill-accorded with his genius, and he appears to 
 have selected it in obedience to the wishes of his mo- 
 ther, rather than from his own choice. It has been 
 supposed that he continued his legal pursuits until 
 her death left him free to follow his inclination to tra- 
 vel ; but this is not the fact, as he had returned to 
 England before her decease. At what period he 
 abandoned the law is not known ; but about 1627 he 
 went abroad, with the viev/ of acquiring foreign lan- 
 guages. Lady Fanshawe says, that the whole stock 
 of money with which he commenced his travels did 
 not exceed eighty-five pounds ; that he proceeded first 
 to Paris, where he remained for twelve months, and 
 thence went to Madrid ; and that he did not return to 
 England for some years. In 1630 he was appointed 
 Secretary to Lord Aston's embassy to the Court of 
 Spain, in consequence of the information which he pos- 
 sessed of the country ; but in attaining that knowledge 
 he spent great part of his patrimony, which amounted 
 only to 501 per annum, and 15001, in money. 
 
 When Lord Aston was recalled, Mr. Fanshawe re- 
 mained as the Charge d'Affaires until Sir Arthur Hop- 
 ton was nominated Ambassador to Madrid; and he 
 arrived in England in 1637 or 1638. For two years 
 B 2 
 
4 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 
 
 after bis return, he seems to have been in constant 
 expectation of some appointment, but his views were 
 frustrated by Secretary Windebank. At the expira- 
 tion of that time, his eldest brother resigned to him 
 the situation of Remembrancer of the Court of Exche- 
 quer, but upon terms which prevented its being of any 
 immediate pecuniary advantage. The Civil War, 
 however, then broke out, and being one of the King's 
 sworn servants, he attended his Majesty to Oxford, 
 where he met the fair author of these Memoirs. 
 
 Anne, the eldest daughter of Sir John Harrison, of 
 Balls, in the county of Hertford, by Margaret, daugh- 
 ter of Robert Fanshawe, of Fanshawe Gate, Esq. 
 great uncle of Sir Richard Fanshawe, was born in St. 
 Olave's Hart Street, London, on the 25th of March' 
 1625. Of her education and early life she has given 
 a pleasing description, and, until the Civil War, her 
 family lived in uninterrupted happiness. Her father 
 having warmly espoused the Royal cause, he attended 
 the Court to Oxford, and desired his daughters to 
 come to him in that city, where they endured many 
 privations, *' living in a baker's house in an obscure 
 street, and sleeping in a bad bed in a garret, with bad 
 provisions, no money, and little clothes." The picture 
 of Oxford at that moment is truly deplorable, and the 
 sufferings of the royalists appear to have been very se- 
 vere, but which she describes as having been borne *' with 
 a martyr-like cheerfulness." The offer of a Baronetcy 
 to her father, — the only return which it was then in 
 
INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 5 
 
 the power of the Crown to bestow, for the heavy losses 
 he had sustained, — was gratefully declined on the 
 ground of poverty. In 1 644 important changes took 
 place in her family, or, as she poetically expresses it, 
 alluding to the state of public affairs, '' as the turbu- 
 lence of the waves disperses the splinters of the rock," 
 so were they separated. Her brother William died in 
 consequence of a fall from his horse, which was shot 
 under him in a skirmish against a party of the Earl of 
 Essex the year before ; and on the 18th of May she 
 became the wife of Mr. Fanshawe, in Wolvercot 
 Church, two miles from Oxford, being then in her 
 twentieth year, and her husband about thirty-six. 
 He was at that time Secretary at War, and was pro- 
 mised promotion the first opportunity. The fortune 
 of each was in expectation : they were, she says, 
 "truly merchant adventurers/' their whole capital 
 being only twenty pounds ; and, to preserve the simile, 
 that capital was laid out in the articles of his trade — 
 in pens, ink, and paper. What was wanting in money 
 was amply supplied by prudence and affection ; and 
 there is no difficulty in believing her assurance, that 
 they lived better than those whose prospects were 
 much brighter. 
 
 Whilst at Oxford, in 1 644, the University conferred 
 upon Mr. Fanshawe the degree of Doctor of Laws. In 
 the beginning of March 1 645 he attended the Prince 
 to Bristol, but in consequence of his wife's confine- 
 ment, she did not accompany him ; and the circum- 
 
b INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 
 
 stances of their separation are affecting. She joined 
 him in that city in May, at which time he was ap- 
 pointed Secretary to the Prince of Wales, but in con- 
 sequence of the plague, they quitted Bristol, in July 
 1645, and proceeded with his Royal Highness to 
 Barnstaple, and thence to Launceston and Truro, in 
 Cornwall. From Truro the Court removed to Penden- 
 nis Castle; and early in April 1646 the Prince and 
 his suite embarked for tlie Scilly Islands. Great as 
 their privations were at Oxford, they were much ex- 
 ceeded by their sufferings at Scilly ; and no one can 
 peruse the description of their voyage to and lodgings 
 in that island with indifference. To illness were add- 
 ed cold and hunger : they were plundered by their 
 friends in flying from their enemies ; and to add to 
 the misery of their situation, Mrs. Fanshawe was very 
 near her confinement. 
 
 After passing three weeks in that desolate place, 
 the Prince and his suite went to Jersey, where they 
 were hospitably received ; and where Mrs. Fanshawe 
 gave birth to her second child. On the Prince's quit- 
 ting Jersey in July, for Paris, Mr. Fanshawe's employ- 
 ment ceased ; and he remained in that island with 
 Lord Capell, Lord Hopton, and the Chancellor, for a 
 fortnight after his Royal Highness's departure, when 
 he and his wife went to Caen, to his brother Lord Fan- 
 shawe, who was ill, leaving their infant at Jersey, under 
 the care of Lady Carteret, the. wife of the Governor. 
 From Caen, Mrs. Fanshawe was sent to England, by 
 
INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR T 
 
 her husband, to raise money ; she arrived in London 
 early in September 1646, where she succeeded in ob- 
 taining permission for him to compound for his estates 
 for the sum of 300i'., and to return. 
 
 They continued in England until October 1647, liv- 
 ing in great seclusion ; and in July in that year, 
 whilst the unfortunate Charles was at Hampton Court, 
 Mr. Fanshawe waited upon him, and received his in- 
 structions to proceed to Madrid. Mrs. Fanshawe 
 states that she had three audiences of his Majesty at 
 Hampton Court, and her description of the last inter- 
 view with which she and her husband were honoured, 
 exhibits the injured Monarch as a husband, a father, 
 a master, a sovereign, and a Christian, in the most 
 pleasing light, and is ample evidence of the natural 
 goodness of his heart. " The last time I ever saw 
 him," she says, '' was on taking my leave. I could 
 not refrain from weeping, and when he saluted me^ I 
 prayed to God to preserve his Majesty with long life 
 and happy years. He stroked me on the cheek, and 
 said, * Child, if God pleaseth it shall be so ; but both 
 you and I must submit to God's will, and you know in 
 what hands I am.' Turning to Mr. Fanshawe, he 
 said, ' Be sure, Dick,* to tell my son all that I have 
 
 * That tlie Royal family were accustomed to address Mr. Fan- 
 shawe in so familiar a manner, appears from a letter from the Duke 
 of York, afterwards James the Second, dated at Paris, 18th Novem- 
 ber 1651, to Sir Edward Nicholas : "I have received yours of the 
 8th of November from the Hague, and with it that from Dick Fan- 
 shaiv." — Evelyn's Correspondence ^ vol. v. p. 188. 
 
8 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 
 
 said, and deliver those letters to my wife. Pray God 
 bless her ! I hope I shall do well ;' and taking him in 
 his arms, observed, ' Thou hast ever been an honest 
 man, and I hope God will bless thee, and make thee a 
 happy servant to my son, whom I have charged in my 
 letter to continue his love and trust to you ;' adding, 
 * I do promise you, that if ever I am restored to my 
 dignity, I will bountifully reward you both for your 
 services and sufferings.' '* 
 
 In the few days they passed at Portsmouth, previous 
 to their quitting England in October 1647, they nar- 
 rowly escaped being killed by a shot fired into the 
 town by the Dutch fleet. From that place they em- 
 barked for France, but returned to England, in April 
 1648, by Jersey, whence they brought with them their 
 daughter, whom they had left under the care of Lady 
 Carteret. In September Mr. Fanshawe attended the 
 Prince of Wales on board the fleet in the Downs, in 
 which a division existed, part being for the King 
 and part for the Parliament. The Prince resolved to 
 reduce the latter to obedience by force, but a storm 
 separated the ships, and prevented an engagement. 
 Three months afterwards, Mr. Fanshawe went to Paris 
 on the Prince's affairs, whither he was followed by his 
 wife ; and they passed six weeks there in the society 
 of the Queen-Mother and the Princess Royal and 
 their suite, amongst whom was the poet Waller and 
 his wife. From Paris they went to Calais, where they 
 met Sir Kenelm Digby, who related some of his 
 
INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 9 
 
 extraordinary stories : from that town she again went to 
 England with the hope of raising money for her hus- 
 band's subsistence abroad and her own at home. Mr. 
 Fan sh awe was sent to Flanders ; and thence, in the 
 February following, into Ireland, to receive whatever 
 money Prince Rupert could raise by the fleet under his 
 command, but that effort proved unsuccessful. At her 
 husband's desire, Mrs. Fanshawe proceeded with her 
 family to join him, and landed at Youghal after a 
 hazardous voyage. They took up their residence at 
 Red Abbey, a house belonging to Dean Boyle, near 
 Cork, and passed six months in comparative tranquil- 
 lity, receiving great kindness from the nobility and 
 gentry of the neighbourhood. 
 
 Their happiness, however, was but transitory. The 
 death of their second son plunged them into affliction ; 
 and the landing of Cromwell obliged Prince Rupert's 
 fleet, the presence of which had contributed to their 
 security, to quit Ireland ; and very shortly afterwards, 
 in November 1649, Cork declared for the Usurper. 
 At that moment Mr. Fanshawe was at Kinsale ; and her 
 account of the danger to which that event exposed 
 her, and of her perilous escape, together with her fa- 
 mily and servants, from Red Abbey to Kinsale, is full 
 of interest. 
 
 A few days after this affair, Mr. Fanshawe received 
 
 the King's commands to go to Madrid with a letter to 
 
 his Catholic Majesty : on their journey they passed 
 
 through Limerick, where he was present when Lord 
 
 b5 
 
10 INTRODUCTORY MEJNIOIR. 
 
 Roscommon met his singular fate, of being killed by 
 a fall down the stairs, whilst holding a candle to Mr. 
 Fanshawe on his going out of the room where they had 
 held a consultation. His Lordship lived only a few 
 days after the accident, and, just before his death, 
 placed the Great Seal of Ireland into Mr. Fanshawe's 
 hands. This accident retarded their departure until 
 they heard from the King, during which time they 
 were most courteously treated by Lord Inchiquin; 
 and an extraordinary circumstance is related by Mrs. 
 Fanshawe, of a vision having appeared to her whilst 
 on a visit to a daughter of the Earl of Thomond. 
 
 On receiving orders from his Majesty to deliver the 
 Seals to Lord Inchiquin, Mr. Fanshawe proceeded on 
 his mission, and embarked with his wife at Galway, in 
 February 1650, on board a Dutch ship for Malaga. 
 Their entry into Galway, which had been devastated 
 by the plague, is deserving of attention ; and an anec- 
 dote, which is related of the conduct of the Marquis 
 of Worcester to the merchants of that town, if true, 
 reflects equal disgrace on the cause which he espoused 
 and on his own memory. 
 
 As if their every movement was to be attended with 
 peril, the ship in which they embarked v/as menaced 
 by a Turkish galley soon after it passed the Straits of 
 Gibraltar ; on which occasion Mrs. Fanshawe displayed 
 great heroism, by assuming the dress of the cabin-boy, 
 and placing herself on the deck by the side of her hus- 
 band. Fortunately, however, her courage was not 
 
INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 11 
 
 subjected to a severer test; for the Turk sheered off 
 without attacking their vessel. They arrived safely at 
 Malaga, and set out for Madrid, passing through Gra- 
 nada ; and several pages are filled with a description 
 of the Alhamba near that city. 
 
 Being unsuccessful in his effort to obtain a supply 
 of money from the Spanish Court, his wife and himself 
 embarked at St. Sebastian for France, and arrived at 
 Nantz, after a dangerous passage, about the end of 
 October 1650, and reached Paris in the middle of 
 November. 
 
 On the 2nd of September in that year Mr. Fan- 
 shawe was created a Baronet ; and it is singular that 
 no other allusion should occur to the circumstance in 
 the Memoir than a notice of his having left the patent 
 in Scotland before the battle of Worcester. 
 
 The Queen received them at Paris with great atten- 
 tion ; and, after many acts of favour, she dispatched 
 Sir Richard to the King, who was then on his way to 
 Scotland. Lady Fanshawe and her husband proceed- 
 ed to Calais, it being necessary that she should go to 
 England to procure money for his journey, and in the 
 mean time he intended to reside in Holland ; but cir- 
 cumstances caused him to be immediately sent into 
 Scotland, where he was received with marked kindness 
 by the King and by the York party, who gave him the 
 custody of the Great Seal and Privy Signet. No per- 
 suasions could induce him to take the covenant ; but 
 he performed the duties of his office with a zeal and 
 
12 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 
 
 temper which, we are told, obtained for him the es- 
 teem of all parties. 
 
 Lady Fanshawe continued in London, in a state of 
 great uneasiness about Sir Richard, having two young 
 children to maintain, with very limited resources ; and 
 to add to her discomfort, she was again very near her 
 confinement. She observes, that she seldom went out 
 of her lodgings, and spent her time chiefly in prayer 
 for the deliverance of the King and her husband. A 
 daughter, Elizabeth, was born on the 24th of June, 
 and on her recovery she went to her brother-in-law's, 
 at Ware Park, where the news reached her of the bat- 
 tle of Worcester, on the 3rd of September ; and after 
 some days' suspense, she learned that Sir Richard was 
 taken prisoner. 
 
 She then hastened to town, intending to seek him 
 wherever he might be ; but on her arrival she learned 
 from him that he would shortly be brought to London, 
 and he appointed a place near Charing Cross where 
 she should meet him. Their interview lasted only a 
 few hours ; after which he was conveyed to White- 
 hall, and was closely confined there for ten weeks, ex- 
 pecting daily to be put to death. The manner in 
 which she went secretly to his prison at four o'clock 
 every morning, and her unwearied zeal to alleviate his 
 sufferings, afford a beautiful example of female devo- 
 tion ; and it was owing to her exertions alone that he 
 was ultimately released on bail. 
 
 Illness induced Sir Richard to go to Bath, in Au- 
 
INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 13 
 
 gust 1652, the greater part of the winter of which year 
 they passed at Benford, in Hertfordshire ; but having 
 occasion to wait on the Earl of StraflPord, in Yorkshire, 
 his Lordship offered him a house in Tankersley Park, 
 which he accepted. His family removed thither in 
 March 1652, and during his residence there, he amused 
 himself in literary pursuits, and translated Luis de Ca- 
 moens. The death of their favourite daughter Anne, on 
 the 23rd July 1654, at the age of between nine and ten, 
 made them quit Tankersley, and they proceeded to 
 Homerton, in Huntingdonshire, the seat of Sir Richard 
 Fanshawe's sister, Lady Bedell, where they resided six 
 months ; when he being sent for to London, and for- 
 bidden to go beyond five miles of it, his wife and chil- 
 dren removed to the metropolis. Excepting a visit to 
 Frog Pool, in Kent, the residence of Sir Philip War- 
 wick, they remained in London until July 1656, during 
 which time Lady Fanshawe had two children, and her 
 husband suffered severely from illness. 
 
 Tired of living in town, Sir Richard obtained per- 
 mission to go to Bengy, in Hertfordshire, where he 
 and his wife were attacked with an ague, which con- 
 fined her to her bed for many months, and did not 
 finally leave her for nearly two years, when a visit to 
 Bath perfectly restored them both. The news of Crom- 
 well's death, in September 1658, which reached them 
 whilst in that city, caused them to go to London, with 
 the hope of Sir Richard's getting released from his bail ; 
 and under the pretence of becoming tutor to the son 
 
14 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 
 
 of the Earl of Pembroke, whilst on his travels, he was 
 permitted to leave England. On his arrival at Paris, 
 he wrote to Lord Clarendon, acquainting him with his 
 escape, and desiring him to inform his Majesty of the 
 circumstance. About April 1659, his Lordship re- 
 plied that the King was then going into Spain, but that 
 on his return, which would be in the beginning of the 
 winter, he should come to his Majesty, who in the 
 mean time gave him the situations of one of the Mas- 
 ters of Requests, and Latin Secretary. 
 
 Sir Richard Fanshawe then requested his wife to 
 come to Paris with part of his children, but her appli- 
 cation for a passport was refused ; and she relates the 
 ingenious manner in which she imposed upon the Go- 
 vernment, by obtaining a pass in the name of Anne 
 Harrison, the pretended wife of a young merchant, 
 and altering the word to Fanshawe, by which means 
 she escaped to Calais, and joined her husband at 
 Paris. 
 
 Charles the Second came to Combes, near Paris, on a 
 visit to his mother, in November 1659, where Sir Richard 
 and Lady Fanshawe had an interview with him, and 
 were received most graciously, with promises of future 
 protection. Sir Richard being desired to follow his 
 Majesty to Flanders, he went thither, in December, 
 having previously sent his wife to London for money, 
 where she arrived with her children in January 1660. 
 Soon afterwards she followed him to Newport, Bruges, 
 Ghent, and Brussels, where the Royal family of Eng- 
 
INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 15 
 
 land v/ere residing, by all of whom they were treated 
 with kindness. After staying three weeks at Brussels, 
 Sir Richard and Lady Fanshawe went to Breda, where 
 they heard otthe Restoration, at which place, in April, 
 his Majesty is said to have conferred on him the honour 
 of Knighthood,* though the fact is not mentioned in 
 the Memoir. 
 
 On joining the King at the Hague, he promised 
 to reward Sir Richard's fidelity and sufferings, by 
 appointing him Secretary of State ; but through 
 the machinations of " that false man," as Lady 
 Fanshawe calls Lord Clarendon, the royal word was 
 not fulfilled. When his Majesty embarked for Eng- 
 land, Sir Richard was ordered to attend him in his 
 own ship ; and a frigate was appointed to convey 
 his family. The morning after Charles's arrival at 
 Whitehall, Lady Fanshawe, with some other ladies, 
 waited upon him to offer their congratulations, on 
 which occasion, he assured her of his favour, and pre- 
 sented Sir Richard with his portrait set in diamonds. 
 To the Parliament summoned immediately after the 
 restoration he was returned for the University of Cam- 
 bridge ; and' '' had the good fortune," his affectionate 
 biographer says, " to be the first chosen, and the first 
 returned member of the Commons House in Parlia- 
 ment, after the King came home ; and this cost him no 
 more than a letter of thanks, and two brace of bucks, 
 and twenty broad pieces of gold to buy them wine." 
 * Biographia Britannica. 
 
16 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 
 
 To the jealousy of Lord Clarendon, who was anxious 
 to remove Sir Richard from about the King's person, 
 Lady Fanshawe imputes the circumstance of his being 
 sent to Portugal to negotiate the marriage with the 
 Princess Katharine, to whom he was charged to pre- 
 sent his Majesty's picture ; but this appointment is 
 strong proof of the confidence which was reposed in 
 his discretion and abilities. He returned to England 
 in December, and during his absence Lady Fanshawe 
 remained in London, where she 'gave birth to a daugh- 
 ter in January 1662. On the arrival of the Queen at 
 Portsmouth, Sir Richard Fanshawe was sent to receive 
 her, and was present at her marriage, the description 
 of which ceremony is historically valuable. 
 
 Early in 1662, he was nominated a Privy Counsellor 
 of Ireland : in August he was again sent on an em- 
 bassy to Lisbon, and was accompanied by his wife and 
 children. Their journey to Plymouth, their voyage, 
 their arrival at Lisbon, their reception at Court, and 
 the city, are minutely described. After a year's resi- 
 dence in Portugal, Sir Richard was recalled : he re- 
 turned to London in September 1663, and proceeded 
 to wait on the King at Bath, who was pleased to raise 
 him to the rank of a Privy Counsellor. In January 
 1664, he was appointed Ambassador to the Court of 
 Madrid, and having embarked at Portsmouth, with a 
 numerous retinue, on board a squadron on the 31st of 
 that month, they arrived at Cadiz on the 23rd of 
 February. 
 
INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 17 
 
 Nearly the whole of the remainder of the Memoir is 
 filled with an account of their journey to Madrid, 
 of their splendid reception, of the manners of the 
 Spaniards, of various places, and of public events 
 and ceremonies. These descriptions display consi- 
 derable judgment and quickness of observation, and 
 contain some valuable information. Many of the 
 anecdotes which occur are interesting, and like 
 every other part of the narrative, they are told with a 
 simplicity which renders it impossible to doubt therr 
 accuracy. 
 
 At Madrid, Lady Fan sh awe gave birth to her son 
 Richard ; and the prayer which she breathes for Tiis 
 prosperity, exhibits her piety and affection in lively 
 colours. Sir Richard Fanshawe went on a mission to 
 Lisbon in January 1665, and returned to Madrid early 
 in March following. On the 17th of December 1665, 
 he signed a treaty with the Spanish minister, but the 
 King refused to ratify it, and he was recalled, when 
 the Earl of Sandwich was sent to replace him, who 
 arrived at Corunna in March following. Previous to 
 this circumstance. Lady Fanshawe intended to return 
 to England to see her father, who was on the verge 
 of the grave ; but she then resolved to wait for Sir 
 Richard's departure. 
 
 She was now, however, destined to experience the 
 severest of all her trials, in the death of her husband, 
 who, after introducing Lord Sandwich at Court on the 
 
18 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 
 
 15th of June, was seized with an ague, and expired on 
 the 26th of the same month.* 
 
 No other language could convey an adequate idea 
 of Lady Fanshawe's feelings under her loss, than that 
 in which she has expressed them ; and her address to 
 the Almighty on her sufferings, merits every possible 
 praise. 
 
 Some of Sir Richard Fanshawe's biographers have 
 imputed his death to a broken heart, in consequence 
 of his being recalled ; but this is a gratuitous asserr, 
 tion, for nothing of the kind is hinted in the Memoir, 
 though the conduct of Lord Clarendon and others 
 towards him is severely commented upon. His letter 
 to the King on the occasion is preserved, from which 
 it is evident, that he felt his recall deeply, but the 
 gracious communication by which it was accompanied, 
 lessened the severity of the act, and he seems anxiously 
 to have looked forward to his arrival in England to 
 defend his conduct. 
 
 Lady Fanshawe resolved on accompanying her hus- 
 band's corpse to England ; but, previous to her quit- 
 ting Madrid, the Queen-Regent of Spain offered her 
 a pension, and promised to provide for her children, 
 if she and they would embrace the Roman Catholic 
 faith ; an offer, which it would be an insult to her 
 memory to attribute any merit to her for refusing. 
 
 * According to the inscription on his monument, he died on the 
 sixteenth of June ; the discrepancy arose from the difference in the 
 style. 
 
INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 19 
 
 Having disposed of her plate, furniture, and horses, 
 she left the Siete Chimeneas, in a private manner, 
 on the 8th of July, and observes, " Never did any 
 ambassador's'^ family come into Spain so gloriously, or 
 went out so sad." She reached Bilboa on the 21st of 
 July, where Sir Richard's corpse awaited her arrival, 
 and remained there until the 3rd of October. The 
 mournful train then proceeded towards England, by 
 Bayonne and Paris, where they arrived on the 30th of 
 October. After an audience of the Queen-Mother, 
 Lady Fanshawe set out for Calais ; and on the 2nd of 
 November was conveyed to the Tower Wharf in a 
 French vessel-of-war. On the 26th, the body of Sir 
 Richard, attended by seven of the gentlemen of his 
 suite, was interred in AUhallows Church, in Hertford, 
 whence it was removed, in May 1671, to a vault in St. 
 Mary's Chapel in Ware Church, where his widow 
 erected a handsome monument, with the following 
 inscription, to his memory : — 
 
 P. M. S. 
 
 In Hypogeo, juxta hoc monumentum, 
 
 jacet corpus nobilissimi viri 
 
 RICARDI FANSHAWE, 
 
 Equitis Aurati et Baronetti, ex antiqua ilia familia de 
 
 Ware Parke, in comitatu Hertfordiae, 
 
 Henrici Fanshawe, Equitis Aurati, prolis decimas. 
 
 Uxorem duxit Annam filiara natu maximam Johannis 
 
 Harrison, Equitis Aurati, de Balls, in com. Hertfordiae ; 
 
 et ex ea suscepit sex filios et octo filias; e quibus 
 
20 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 
 
 supeisunt Ilicardus, Catherina, Margarita, Anna, 
 
 et Elizabetha. 
 
 Mr comitate morum, luce fidei, constantitl, 
 
 prasstantissimus, 
 
 qui olim (laetus exul) serenissimi regis Caroli Secundi 
 
 calamitates fortiter amplexus est, 
 
 in Rebus bellicis, ab eodem constitutus Secretarius, 
 
 posteaque (Regno ei feliciter restaurato) 
 
 libellomm supplicum Magister, 
 
 a Latinis epistolis, a sanctioribus Regis consiliis 
 
 turn Angliae, turn Hiberniae factus ; pro Academia Cantabrigiensi 
 
 Burgensis ; 
 
 Necnon ejusdem serenissimi Regis ad utrasque Aulas 
 
 Portugal, et Hispan. 
 
 Legatus, in quarum proxima, cum pulcherrime officio 
 
 suo functus esset, splendidissimam quamdiu egerat 
 
 Vitam cum luctuosa morte commutavit. 
 
 JNIonumentum hoc, cum Hypogeo, moestissima conjux 
 
 pie posuit, quae etiam corpus Mariti sui ab urbe 
 
 Madrid hue per terras transtulit. 
 
 ^,.., ,^:,i T • rDom. M.DCLXVI. 
 
 Obut 16'' de Junii, anno J 
 
 L aetatis suae LIX.* 
 Sir Richard Fanshawe was buried with much pomp ; 
 
 * Clutterbuck's History of Hertfordshire, vol. iii. page 311. 
 The following arms occur on the monument : Quarterly, 1st and 
 4th, Or, a chevron betw^een three fleurs-de-lis Sable, Fanshawe 
 ancient ; 2nd and 3rd, cheeky Argent and Azure, a cross Gules, 
 Fanshawe modern, being an honourable augmentation granted in 
 1650 : on an escutcheon in the centre, the arms of Ulster. Im- 
 paling, Cheeky, a cross, thereon five pheons' heads, pointing up- 
 wards. Harrison. Crest, on a wTeath, Or and Azure, a dragon's 
 head erased Or, vomiting fire. On a label under the arms these 
 mottos : " Dux vitae ratio." " In Christo victoria." 
 
INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 21 
 
 and a full account of the ceremony occurs in his 
 funeral certificate in the College of Arms. 
 
 From the King, the Queen, the Court, and some of 
 the ministers, Lady Fanshawe received much sym- 
 pathy and kindness ; but, in common with every other 
 person who had pecuniary claims on the Government, 
 she experienced great difficulty in procuring the ar- 
 rears due to her husband, and it was not until nearly 
 three years that the whole was paid ; by which delay, 
 she says, she sustained a loss of above two thousand 
 pounds. At the instigation of Lord Shaftesbury, of 
 whom she speaks with the utmost bitterness, she was 
 obliged to pay the same amount for the plate fur- 
 nished to the embassy. 
 
 Of the tardy manner in which Sir Richard Fan-r 
 shavve's allowance was paid, and the embarrassment 
 into which he was consequently thrown, he has left 
 ample proof in his letter to his brother-in-law Sir 
 Philip Warwick, dated a few weeks before his death ; 
 in which he tells him that he had been obliged to 
 pawn his plate for his subsistence. 
 
 Lady Fanshawe states in a very feeling manner the 
 situation in which she found herself after her hus- 
 band's death ; and it is scarcely possible to read her 
 allusions to his long and faithful services, and the 
 heavy sacrifices which he made, without admitting 
 the justice of the charge so often brought against 
 Charles, of being neglectful of his servants. It is, 
 
22 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 
 
 however, more than possible that the fault was not the 
 monarch's alone. He was surrounded by greedy and 
 selfish courtiers, each eager to advance his own inte- 
 rest, and possessed of similar claims on the ground of 
 services ; and as the spoils out of which they sought 
 to enrich themselves were limited, it was an obvious 
 point of policy to oppose the demands of others. The 
 few years which succeeded the Restoration are among 
 the most disgraceful in the annals of this country ; 
 and to the evidence which exists of the want of prin- 
 ciple which characterized the Court of Charles the 
 Second, these Memoirs are no slight addition. The 
 Monarch was heartless and profligate; his ministers, 
 with very few exceptions, were intent alone on the 
 promotion of their own interests ; and services and 
 sufferings were nothing in the balance against the in- 
 fluence of the royal mistresses. In such a state of 
 things, merit availed but little ; and with a host of 
 other zealous adherents of the royal family, at a time 
 when fidelity was attended with the fearful penalties 
 attached to high treason. Sir Richard Fanshawe, after 
 thirty years' devotion to his master, and spending a 
 fortune in his cause, was sacrificed to the intrigues of 
 his enemies, and probably was only spared by death 
 from greater mortifications. 
 
 To this outline of the lives of Sir Richard and Lady 
 Fanshawe little remains to be added. The Memoir, 
 though continued to the year 1670, contains very few 
 facts after her return to England which are deserving 
 
INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 23 
 
 of notice. It is manifest that her hopes were destroy- 
 ed, and that her only happiness consisted in reflecting 
 on the past. Her first object was to reduce her esta- 
 blishment according to her altered fortune, and the 
 second to educate her family. In 1670, she lost her 
 excellent father, whose death added heavily to her 
 misfortunes ; but she possessed that resource against 
 human woes which can only be inspired by a reliance 
 upon Him who never deserts the widow and the father- 
 less. Her life had been marked by extreme vicissi- 
 tudes ; and at its conclusion — dark and cheerless as 
 it was — she wisely looked for consolation where she 
 had so frequently found it, and where, it may be con- 
 fidently said, it is never sought in vain. 
 
 Of the conduct of Sir Richard Fanshawe, as a ser- 
 vant of the Crown, and as a husband and a father, 
 sufficient is said in the Memoir ; but it is desirable to 
 notice his literary labours, which are stated in the 
 Biographia Britannica to consist of — 
 
 1. An English translation, in rhyme, of the cele- 
 brated Italian pastoral, called, " II Pastor Fido, or, 
 the Faithful Shepherd," written originally by Battista 
 Guarini. Printed at London, 1646, 4to., and in 1664 
 8vo. 
 
 2. Select parts of Horace translated into English, 
 1652, 8vo. 
 
 3. A translation from English into Latin verse, of 
 " The Faithful Shepherdess," a pastoral, written origi- 
 nally by John Fletcher. London, 1658. 
 
24 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 
 
 4. In the octavo edition of *' The Faithful Shep- 
 herdess," anno 1664, are inserted the following poems 
 by Sir Richard: viz. 1. An Ode upon occasion of 
 his Majesty's Proclamation in 1630, commanding the 
 gentry to reside upon their estates in the country. 
 2. A summary Discourse on the Civil Wars of Rome, 
 extracted from the best Latin writers in verse and 
 prose. 3. An English translation of the fourth book 
 of the ^neid of Virgil or the Loves of Dido and ^neas. 
 4. Two Odes out of Horace, relating to the civil wars 
 of Rome, against covetous rich men. 
 
 5. He translated, from Portuguese, into English, 
 •' The Luciad, or Portugal's Historical Poem ;" writ- 
 ten originally by Luis de Camoens. London 1655, fol. 
 From the many corrections in the Translator's copy, 
 in the possession of the late Edm. Turner, Esq. it ap- 
 pears to have been very negligently printed, which may 
 in some degree account for the remarks of Mr. Mickle 
 on Sir Richard's translation. After his decease, name- 
 ly in 1671, two of his posthumous pieces in 4to. 
 were published Querer per solo querer : " To love only 
 for love's sake," a dramatic piece, represented before 
 the King and Queen of Spain ; and Fiestas de Aran- 
 juez: *' Festivals at Aranjuez;" both written originally 
 in Spanish, by Antonio de Mendoza ; upon occasion of 
 celebrating the birthday of King Philip IV. in 1621, 
 at Aranjuez. They were translated by Sir Richard in 
 1654, during his confinement at Tankersley-park, in 
 
INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 25 
 
 Yorkshire ; which situation induced him to write the 
 following stanzas : — 
 
 " Time was, when I, a pilgrim of the seas, 
 
 When I, 'midst noise of camps and court's disease, 
 Purloin'd some hours, to charm rude cares with verse, 
 Which flame of faithful shepherd did rehearse. 
 
 " But now, restrain'd from sea, from camp, from court. 
 And by a tempest blown into a port, 
 I raise my thoughts to muse of higher things, 
 And echo arms and loves of queens and kings. 
 
 ** Which queens (despising crowns and Hymen's band) 
 Would neither man obey, nor man command ; 
 Great pleasure from rough seas to see the shore ; 
 Or, from firm land, to see the billows roar." 
 
 Sir Richard, to whom Mr. Campbell assigns the 
 merit of having given " to our language some of its 
 earliest and most important translations from modern 
 literature,"* wrote several other articles, which he had 
 not leisure to complete ; and it is said that " some of 
 the before mentioned printed pieces have not all the 
 perfection which our ingenious author could have given 
 them, but that is not the case with his excellent trans- 
 lation of Pastor Fido."t 
 
 That translation is highly complimented by Den- 
 ham^ who observes, 
 
 ' ' Such is our pride, or folly, or our fate, 
 That few but such as cannot write translate ;" 
 
 * Specimens of the Poets. t Biographia Britannica. 
 
 C 
 
26 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 
 
 and after censuring servile translators, he says — 
 
 *' Secure of fame, thou justly dost esteem 
 Less honour to create than to redeem ; 
 That servile path thou nohly dost decline, 
 Of tracing word by word, and line by line." 
 
 And, 
 
 " That master's hand, which to the life can trace 
 The air, the line, the features, of the face, 
 IMay with a free and bolder stroke express 
 A varied posture, or a flatt'ring dress ; 
 He could have made those like, who made the rest. 
 But that he knew his own design was best." 
 
 Part of Sir Richard Fanshawe's official correspond- 
 ence, during his embassies in Spain and Portugal, 
 was published in 1701, from which many extracts 
 have been printed at the end of this volume ; but the 
 latest letter therein is dated 26th January, 1665. 
 The rough copies of his correspondence from that 
 time until his death, are preserved in the Harleian 
 MS. 7010, in the British Museum, the most interest- 
 ing parts of which are added to the other extracts. 
 
 Lady Fanshawe wrote her Memoir in the year 1676, 
 and died on the 20th January, 1679-80, in her fifty- 
 fifth year. Her will is dated on the 30th October, 
 31st Car. Tl. 1679, in which she desired that her 
 body might be privately buried in the Chapel of St. 
 Mary in Ware Church, close to her husband, in the 
 vault which she had purchased of the Bishop of Lon- 
 
INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 27 
 
 don. She ordered her house in Little Grove, in East 
 Barnet, with all the jewels, plate, and pictures therein, 
 to be sold. To her son, Sir Richard Fanshawe, she 
 bequeathed the lease of the manor of Faunton Hall, 
 in Essex, which she held of the Bishop of London, on 
 condition that when he possessed his office in the 
 Custom-House, or any other employment of the value 
 o/ 500/. a year, he should pay to his eldest sister 
 Katherine 1200/., or deliver up the said lease to her. 
 She also left him her own and her husband's picture 
 set in gold, his father's picture by Lilly, and her own 
 by Toniars, with all her seals, particularly a gold 
 ring, with an onyx-stone, engraved, her purse of 
 medals, all the gold she had by her at the time of her 
 death, a Spanish towel, and comeing- cloth, together 
 with all the books, MSS., writings, &c., sticks, guns, 
 swords, and turning instruments, which belonged to 
 her late husband. To her daughter, Katherine Fan- 
 shawe, she left 600/. of which sum 500/. were given 
 her by her grandfather, Sir John Harrison, at his 
 decease, a warrant for a Baronet, probably her hus- 
 band's, and all her jewels. To her daughters Anne 
 Fanshawe and Elizabeth Fanshawe 600/. each, of 
 which sums 500/. were given to each of them by their 
 said grandfather. To her daughter Katherine she 
 bequeathed the fFork written by herself, hy her said 
 daughter Katherine, or by her sisters. She requested 
 that her son Sir Richard and her three daughters 
 would wear mourning for three years after her de- 
 c 2 
 
28 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 
 
 cease, namely, mourning with plain linen, excepting 
 eitlierof them married in the mean time ; and she ap- 
 pointed her eldest daughter, Katherine, her sole exe- 
 cutrix, who proved her Will on the 6th February 
 1679-80. 
 
 Of her numerous children, the following particu- 
 lars have been gleaned from her memoir and other 
 sources. 
 
 1. Hauuisotc, born in the parish of St. John's Ox- 
 ford, 22nd February 1644-5, and was there buried in 
 the same year. 
 
 2. Henry, born in Portugal Row, Lincoln's Inn 
 Fields, London, 30th July 1647, died on the 20th 
 October 1650, and was buried in the Protestant bury- 
 ing-ground at Paris. 
 
 3. RiCHAiiD, born 8th June 1648, died before Oc- 
 tober 1650. 
 
 4. Henry, born in November 1657, and dying in 
 the same year, was buried in Bengy Church, in Hert- 
 fordshire. 
 
 5. Richard, born at Lisbon, 26th June 1663 ; he 
 lived a few hours only, and was there buried in the 
 Esperanza. 
 
 6. Richard, born at Madrid, 6th August 1665, to 
 whom the Memoir was addressed. He succeeded his 
 father in 1666, and became the second Baronet. He 
 is said to have been deprived of his hearing, and at 
 length of his speech, in consequence of a fever, and to 
 
INTRODUCTORY MEJVIOIR. 29 
 
 have died unmarried about 1695,* when the Baronetcy 
 became extinct. 
 
 The daughters were 
 
 1. Anne, born at Jersey, 7th June 1G46 ; died at 
 Tankersley Park, in Yorkshire, 20th July 1654, and 
 was buried in the Parish Church of Tankersley, 
 
 2. Elizabeth, born at Madrid, 13th July 1649 ; 
 died a few days afterwards, and was buried in the 
 Chapel of the French Hospital at Madrid. 
 
 3. Elizabeth, born 24th June 1650; died at Foot's 
 Cray, in Kent, in July 1656, and was there buried. 
 
 4. Katherine, born 30th July 1652, and was 
 living, and unmarried, in May 1705. 
 
 5. Margaret, born at Tankersley Park, in York- 
 shire, 8th October 1653, married, before 1676, Vin- 
 cent Grantham, of Goltho, in Lincolnshire, Esq. It 
 is remarkable that she is not mentioned in her mother's 
 will. She was living, and the wife or widow of Mr. 
 Grantham, in May 1705. 
 
 6. Ann, born at Frog Pool, in Kent, 22nd February 
 1654-5, unmarried October 1679 ; but afterwards mar- 
 ried Ryder, by whom she had a daughter, Ann 
 
 Lawrence,who,with her mother, were living in May 1705. 
 
 7. Mary, born in London, 12th July 1656; died 
 in August 1660, and was buried in All Saints' Church, 
 Hertford. 
 
 8. Elizabeth, born 22nd February 1662, to 
 whom her mother bequeathed 600/. in her will in 
 
 * Le Neve's MSS. in the College of Arms. 
 
30 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 
 
 1679, after which year nothing more of her has been 
 found. 
 
 Although some trouble has been taken to trace the 
 descendants of Sir Richard and Lady Fanshawe, all 
 which has been discovered is, that their daughters be- 
 came their co-heirs about 1695 ; that Sir Edmund 
 Turnor, the husband of Lady Fanshawe's sister, in his 
 will, dated 15th May 1705, and proved in 1708, 
 mentions his nieces Fanshawe, Grantham, and niece 
 Anne Fanshawe^ alias Ryder, and Anne Lawrence, 
 daughter of his niece Ryder ; and that the MS. from 
 which this volume is printed, is said to have been tran- 
 scribed in 1766, by Lady Fanshawe's " great grand- 
 daughter, Charlotte Colman." 
 
MEMOIR 
 
 OF 
 
 LADY FANSHAWE. 
 
 I HAVE thought it good to discourse to you, 
 my most dear and only son, the most remarkable 
 actions and accidents of your family, as well as 
 those more eminent ones of your father ; and my 
 life and necessity, not delight or revenge, hath 
 made me insert some passages which will reflect 
 on their owners, as the praises of others will be 
 but just, which is my intent in this narrative. I 
 would not have you be a stranger to it ; because, 
 by the example, you may imitate what is appli- 
 cable to your condition in the world, and endea- 
 vour to avoid those misfortunes we have passed 
 through, if God pleases. 
 
32 MEMOIR OF 
 
 Endeavour to be innocent as a dove, but as 
 Avise as a serpent ; and let this lesson direct you 
 most in the greatest extremes of fortune. Hate 
 idleness, and curb all passions ; be true in all 
 words and actions ; unnecessarily deliver not your 
 opinion ; but when you do, let it be just, well-con- 
 sidered, and plain. Be charitable in all thought, 
 word, and deed, and ever ready to forgive injuries 
 done to yourself, and be more pleased to do good 
 than to receive good. 
 
 Be civil and obliging to all, dutiful where God 
 and nature command you ; but friend to one, and 
 that friendship keep sacred, as the greatest tie up- 
 on earth, and be sure to ground it upon virtue ; 
 for no other is either happy or lasting. 
 
 Endeavour always to be content in that estate 
 of life which it hath pleased God to call you to, 
 and think it a great fault not to employ your time, 
 either for the good of your soul, or improvement 
 of your understanding, health, or estate ; and as 
 these are the most pleasant pastimes, so it will 
 make you a cheerful old age, which is as neces- 
 sary for you to design, as to make provision to 
 support the infirmities which decay of strength 
 brings : and it was never seen that a vicious youth 
 terminated in a contented, cheerful old age, but 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 33 
 
 perished out of countenance. Ever keep the best 
 quahfied persons company, out of whom you will 
 find advantage, and reserve some hours daily to 
 examine yourself and fortune ; for if you embark 
 yourself in perpetual conversation or recreation, 
 you will certainly shipwreck your mind and for- 
 tnne. Remember the proverb — such as his com- 
 pany is, such is the man, and have glorious actions 
 before your eyes, and think what shall be your 
 portion in Heaven, as well as what you desire on 
 earth. 
 
 Manage your fortune prudently, and forget not 
 that you must give God an account hereafter, and 
 upon all occasions. 
 
 Remember your father, whose true image, 
 though I can never draw to the life, unless God 
 will grant me that blessing in you ; yet, because 
 you were but ten months and ten days old when 
 God took him out of this world, I will, for your 
 advantage, show you him with all truth, and 
 without partiality. 
 
 He was of the highest size of men, strong, and 
 of the best proportion ; his complexion sanguine, 
 his skin exceedingly fair, his hair dark brown and 
 very curling, but not very long ; his eyes grey 
 and penetrating, his nose high, his countenance 
 c 5 
 
34 MEMOIR OF 
 
 gracious and wise, his motion good, his speech 
 clear and distinct. He never used exercise but 
 walking, and that generally with some book in his 
 hand, which oftenthiies was poetry, in which he 
 spent his idle hours ; sometimes he would ride out 
 to take the air, but his most delight was, to go 
 only with me in a coach some miles, and there 
 discourse of those things which then most pleased 
 him, of what nature soever. 
 
 He was very obliging to all, and forward to 
 serve his master, his country, and friend ; cheer- 
 ful in his conversation ; his discourse ever plea- 
 sant, mixed with the sayings of wise men, and 
 their histories repeated as occasion offered, yet so 
 reserved that he never showed the thought of his 
 heart, in its greatest sense, but to myself only ; 
 and this I thank God with all my soul for, that 
 he never discovered his trouble to me, but went 
 from me with perfect cheerfulness and content ; 
 nor revealed he his joys and hopes but would say, 
 that they were doubled by putting them in my 
 breast. I never heard him hold a disputation in 
 my life, but often he would speak against it, say- 
 ing, it was an uncharitable custom, which never 
 turned to the advantage of either party. He 
 would never be drawn to the fashion of any party, 
 
LADY PANSHAWE. 35 
 
 saying, he found it sufficient honestly to perform 
 that employment he was in : he loved and used 
 cheerfulness in all his actions, and professed his 
 religion in his life and conversation. He was a 
 true Protestant of the Church of England, so born, 
 so brought up, and so died ; his conversation 
 was so honest that I never heard him speak a word 
 in my life that tended to God's dishonour, or en- 
 couragement of any kind of debauchery or sin. He 
 was ever much esteemed by his two masters, 
 Charles the First and Charles the Second, both 
 for great parts and honesty, as for his conversa- 
 tion, in which they took great delight, he being 
 so free from passion, that made him beloved of 
 all that knew him, nor did I ever see him moved 
 but with his master's concerns, in which he would 
 hotly pursue his interest through the greatest 
 difficulties. 
 
 He was the tenderest father imaginable, the 
 carefulest and most generous master I ever knew ; 
 he loved hospitality, and would often say, it was 
 wholly essential for the constitution of England : 
 he loved and kept order with the greatest decency 
 possible; and though he would say 1 managed 
 his domestics wholly, yet I ever governed them 
 and myself by his commands ; in the managing of 
 
36 MEMOIR OP 
 
 which, I thank God, I found his approbation and 
 content. 
 
 Now you will expect that I should say some- 
 thing that may remain of us jointly, which I will 
 do though it makes my eyes gush out with tears, 
 and cuts me to the soul to remember, and in part 
 express the joys I was blessed with in him. Glory 
 be to God, we never had but one mind throughout 
 our lives. Our souls were wrapped up in each 
 other^s ; our aims and designs one, our loves one, 
 and our resentments one. We so studied one the 
 other, that we knew each other's mind by our 
 looks. Whatever was real happiness, God gave 
 it me in him ; but to commend my better half, 
 which I want sufficient expression for, methinks is 
 to commend myself, and so may bear a censure ; 
 but, might it be permitted, I could dwell eternally 
 on his praise most justly; but thus without of- 
 fence I do, and so you may imitate him in his 
 patience, his prudence, his chastity, his charity, 
 his generosity, his perfect resignation to God's 
 will, and praise God for him as long as you live 
 here, and with him hereafter in the Kingdom of 
 Heaven. Amen. 
 
 Your father was born in Ware Park, in the 
 month of June, in the year of our Lord 1608, and 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 37 
 
 was the tenth child of Sir Henry Fanshawe, 
 whose father bought Ten, in Essex, and Ware 
 Park, in Hertfordshire. This, your great-grand- 
 father, came out of Derbyshire from a small estate, 
 Fanshawe-Gate, being the principal part that then 
 this family had, which exceeded not above two 
 hundred pounds a year, and about so much more 
 they had in the town and parish of Dronfield, 
 within two miles of Fanshawe-Gate, where the 
 family had been some hundreds of years, as ap- 
 pears by the church of Dronfield, in the chancel 
 of which church I have seen several grave-stones 
 with the names of that family, many of them very 
 ancient ; and the chancel, which is very old, was 
 and is kept wholly for a burying-place for that 
 family. 
 
 There is in the town a free school, with a very 
 good house and noble endowment founded by 
 your great-grandfather, who was sent for to Lon- 
 don in Henry the Eighth's time, by an uncle of 
 his, and of his own name, to be brought up a 
 clerk under his uncle Thomas Fanshawe, who pro- 
 cured your great-grandfather's life to be put with 
 his in the patent of Remembrancers of his Majesty's 
 Exchequer, which place he enjoyed after the death 
 of his uncle, he having left no male issue, only 
 
38 MEMOIR OF 
 
 two daughters, who had both great fortunes in 
 land and money, and married into the best families 
 in Essex in that time. This was the rise of your 
 great-grandfather, who, with his office and his 
 Derbyshire estate, raised the family to what it 
 hath been and now is. He had one only brother, 
 Robert Fanshawe, who had a good estate in Der- 
 byshire, and lived in Fanshawe-Gate, which he 
 hired of his eldest brother, your great-grand- 
 father. 
 
 In this house my mother was born, Margaret, 
 the eldest daughter of Robert, your great-great 
 uncle : he married one of the daughters of Row- 
 land Eyes, of Bradway, in the same county of 
 Derby, by whom he had twelve sons and two 
 daughters : that family remains in Dronfield to 
 this dav. 
 
 Your great-grandfather, married Alice Bour- 
 chier, of the last Earl of Bath's family,* by whom 
 he had only one son that lived, Henry, which was 
 your grandfather ; afterwards when he had been 
 two years a widower, he married one of the daugh- 
 ters of Customer Smythe, who had six sons and 
 
 * This was not the fact. She was the daughter of Anthony 
 Bourchier, Esq. of the County of Gloucester, a family in no 
 way connected with the noble house of Bath. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 39 
 
 six daughters : his sons were Sir John S my the, 
 Sir Thomas Smythe, Sir Richard Smythe, Sir 
 Robert Smythe, Mr. William Smythe, and Mr. 
 Edward Smythe, who died young : two were 
 knighted by Queen Elizabeth, and two by King 
 James ; the eldest was grandfather of the now 
 Lord Strangford ; the second had been several 
 times ambassador, and all married into good fami- 
 lies, and left great estates to their posterity, which 
 remain to this day. The daughters were Mrs. 
 Fanshawe, your great-grandmother-in-law ; the 
 second married Sir John Scott, of Kent ; the third 
 married Sir John Davies, of the same county ; 
 the fourth married Sir Robert Poynz, of Leices- 
 tershire ; the fifth married Thomas Butler, of 
 Herald, Esq., and the sixth married Sir Henry 
 Fanshawe, your grandfather : these all left a 
 numerous posterity but Davies, and this day 
 they are matched into very considerable families.* 
 
 * Lady Fanshawe is not quite correct in her account of the 
 Smythe family, and the statements in Peerages are equally erro- 
 neous. Thomas Smythe, Esq. of Ostenhanger, in Kent, Farme 
 of the Customs to Philip and Mary, and to Queen Elizabeth, 
 was the second son of John Smythe, Esq. (whose ancestors were 
 seated at Corsham, in Wiltshire, as early as tlielSth century,) 
 by Joan, daughter of Robert Brounker, ancestor of the cele- 
 brated Viscount Brounker. Customer Smythe died in 1591, 
 
40 MEMOIR OF 
 
 Your great-grandfather had by his second wife. 
 Sir Thomas Fanshawe, Clerk of the Crown, and 
 Surveyor-General of King James ; to him he gave 
 his manor of Jenkins, in Essex, valued at near 
 two thousand a year. 
 
 and had by Alice, daughter and heiress of Sir Andrew 
 Judde, Lord Mayor of London, and one of the representatives 
 of Archbishop Chicheley, seven sons and six daughters. 1. 
 Andrew, who died young. 2. Sir John, of Ostenhanger, 
 father of Sir Thomas Smythe, K. B. who married Lady 
 Barbara Sydney, daughter of Robert first Earl of Leicester, 
 K.G. was created \'iscount Strangford, in Ireland, in 1628, and 
 was the ancestor of Percy Clinton Sydney Smythe, sixth and 
 present \'iscount Strangford and first Baron Penshurst, G.C.B. 
 3. Henry Smythe, of Corsham. 4. Sir Thomas Smythe, of 
 Bidborough, in the county of Kent, ambassador to Russia 
 in 1604, whose male descendants became extinct on the death 
 of Sir Stafford Sydney Smythe, Chief Baron of the Exchequer, 
 in 1778. 5. Sir Richard Smythe, of Leeds Castle, in Kent, 
 whose son, Sir John, dying issueless in 1632, his sisters became 
 his co-heiresses. 6. Robert Smythe, of Highgate, who left issue. 
 7. Symon Smythe, killed at the siege of Cadiz m 1597. Of 
 the daughters of Customer Smythe, Mary married Robert 
 Davye, of London, Esq. ; Ursula married, first, Simon Harding, 
 of London, Esq., and secondly William Butler, of Bidenham, 
 in Bedfordshire, Esq.; Johanna was the wife of Thomas Fan- 
 shawe, of Ware Park, Herts, Esq. ; Katherine was first the 
 wife of Sir Rowland Hayward. Lord Mayor of London, and 
 secondly of Sir John Scott, of Scott's Hall, in Kent; Alice mar- 
 ried Edward Harris, of Woodham, in Essex, Esq. ; and Eliza- 
 beth, the sixth and youngest daughter, was the wife of Sir 
 
LADY FAN SHAW E. 41 
 
 His second son by the same wife, William, he 
 procured to be Auditor of the Duchy, whose pos- 
 terity hath in Essex, at Parslowes, about seven or 
 eight hundred pounds a year. His eldest daugh- 
 ter married Sir Christopher Hatton, heir to the 
 Lord Chancellor Hatton ; his second married Sir 
 Benjamin Ayloffe, of Brackstead, in Essex ; the 
 third married Mr. Bullock Harding, in Derby- 
 shire ; all men of very great estates. As your 
 grandfather inherited Ware Park and his office, 
 the flower of his father's estate, so did he of his 
 wisdom and parts ; and both were happy in the 
 favour of the princes of that time, for Queen Eliza- 
 beth said that your grandfather was the best 
 officer of accounts she had, and a person of great 
 integrity ; and your grandfather was the favourite 
 of Prince Henry, and had the Prince lived to be 
 King, had been Secretary of State, as he would 
 often tell him. Mr. Camden speaks much in 
 praise, as you may see, of Sir Henry Fanshawe's 
 
 Henry Faushawe, Remembrancer of the Exchequer, father of 
 Sir Richard Fanshawe, the Ambassador. Sir Robert Poyntz, 
 of Leicestershire, is a mistake of Lady Fanshawe's for Sir 
 James Poyntz, of North Oxenden, in Essex, who married 
 Mary, the sister and co-heiress of Sir John Smythe, son of Sir 
 Richard, of Bidborough, before mentioned, and grand-daugh- 
 ter of the Customer. 
 
42 MEMOIR OF 
 
 garden of Ware Park, none excelling it in flowers, 
 physic herbs, and fruit, in which things he did 
 greatly delight ; also he was a great lover of mu- 
 sic, and kept many gentlemen that were perfectly 
 well qualified both in that and the Italian tongue, 
 in which he spent some time. He likewise kept 
 several horses of manege, and rid them himself, 
 which he delighted in, and the Prince would say 
 none did it better ; he had great honour and ge- 
 nerosity in his nature, and to show you a little 
 part of which I will tell you this of him. He had 
 a horse that the then Earl of Exeter was much 
 pleased with, and Sir Henry esteemed, because he 
 deserved it. INIy Lord, after some apology, de- 
 sired Sir Henry to let him have his horse and he 
 would give him what he would ; he replied, ' My 
 Lord, I have no thoughts of selling him but to 
 serve you ; I bought him of such a person, and 
 gave so much for him, and that shall be my price 
 to you as I paid, being sixty pieces' ; my Lord 
 Exeter said, ' That 's too much, but I will give 
 you. Sir Henry, fifty ,' to which he made no answer; 
 next day my Lord sent a gentleman with sixty 
 pieces, Sir Henry made answer, ' That was the price 
 he paid and once had offered him, my Lord, at, 
 but not being accepted, his price now was eighty ;' 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 43 
 
 at the receiving of this answer my Lord Exeter 
 stormed, and sent his servant back with seventy 
 pieces. Sir Henry said, that ' since my Lord would 
 not Hke him at eighty pieces, he would not sell 
 him under a hundred pieces, and if he returned 
 with less he would not sell him at all"* ; upon which 
 my Lord Exeter sent one hundred pieces and had 
 the horse. His retinue was great, and that made 
 him stretch his estate, which was near if not full 
 four thousand pounds a year ; yet when he died, 
 he left no debt upon his estate. He departed this 
 life at the age of forty-eight years, and lies buried 
 in the chancel, in a vault with his father in the 
 parish church of Ware : he was as handsome and 
 as fine a gentleman as England then had, a most 
 excellent husband, father, friend, and servant to 
 his Prince. He left in the care of my lady his 
 widow, five sons and five daughters. His eldest 
 son succeeded him in his lands and office, and 
 after the restoration of the King, he was made 
 Lord Viscount of Dromore in Ireland ; he did en- 
 gage his person and estate for the crown, and 
 fought in the battle of Edgehill, and this ruined 
 his estate, and was the cause of his sons selling 
 Ware Park; afterwards he tried, by the King's 
 assistance, to be reimbursed, but could not pre- 
 
44 MEiMOIR OF 
 
 vail. He was a very worthy, valiant, honest, good- 
 natured gentleman, charitable, and generous, and 
 had excellent natural parts, yet choleric and rash, 
 which was only incommode to his own famil}^ : he 
 was a very pretty man, for he was but low, of a 
 sanguine complexion, much a gentleman in his 
 mien and language ; he was sixty-nine years of 
 age when he died, and is buried with his ancestors 
 in Ware Church. 
 
 He married first the daughter of Sir Giles 
 AUington, by whom he hath a daughter called 
 Anne, who remains a maid to this day ; his second 
 wife was Elizabeth, daughter to Sir William 
 Cockain, Lord Mayor of London. She was a 
 very good wife, but not else qualified extraordi- 
 nary in any thing. She brought him many chil- 
 dren, whereof now remain three sons and five 
 daughters. 
 
 Thomas, Lord Viscount Fanshawe, his eldest 
 son, died in May 1674; he was a handsome gen- 
 tleman, of an excellent understanding, and great 
 honour and honesty. He married the daughter 
 and sole heir of Knitton Ferrers, of Bedford- bury, 
 in the county of Hertford, Esq., by whom he had 
 no child. After his father's death he married the 
 daughter of Sir John Evelyn, widow to Sir John 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 45 
 
 Wrey, of Lincolnshire ; by this wife he had seve- 
 ral children, of which only two survived him, 
 Thomas, now Lord Viscount Fanshawe, and Ka- 
 therine. His widow is lately married unto my 
 Lord Castleton, of Senbeck, in Yorkshire. He 
 lies buried with his ancestors in the Parish Church 
 of Ware. Your uncle Henry, that was the se- 
 cond, was killed in fighting gallantly in the Low 
 Countries with the English colours in his hand. 
 He was very handsome and a very brave man, 
 beloved and lamented by all who knew him. The 
 third died a bachelor ; I knew him not. The 
 fourth is Sir Simon Fanshawe, a gallant gentle- 
 man, but more a libertine than any of his family ; 
 he married a very fine and good woman, and of a 
 great estate ; she was daughter and coheir to Sir 
 William Walter, and widow to Knitton Ferrers, 
 son to Sir John Ferrers, of Hertfordshire. 
 
 Your father, Sir Richard Fanshawe, Knight 
 and Baronet, one of the Masters of the Requests, 
 Secretary of the Latin Tongue, Burgess for the 
 University of Cambridge, and one of his Majesty's 
 most honourable Privy Council of England and 
 Ireland, and his Majesty's Ambassador to Portu- 
 gal and Spain, was the fifth and youngest son. 
 He married me, the eldest daughter of Sir John 
 
46 MEMOIR OF 
 
 Harrison, Knight, of Balls, in the county of Hert- 
 ford ; he. was married at thirty-five years of age, 
 and lived with me twenty-three years and twenty- 
 nine days ; he lies buried in a new vault I pur- 
 chased of Humphry, Lord Bishop of London, in 
 St. Mary's Chapel in the Church of Ware, near 
 his ancestors, over which I built him a monument. 
 My dear husband had six sons and eight daugh- 
 ters, born and christened, and I miscarried of six 
 more, three at several times, and once of three 
 sons when I was about half gone my time. Har- 
 rison, my eldest son, and Henry, my second son ; 
 Richard, my third ; Henry, my fourth ; and 
 Richard, my fifth, are all dead; my second lies 
 buried in the Protestant Church-yard in Paris, 
 by the father of the Earl of Bristol ; my eldest 
 daughter Anne lies buried in the Parish Church of 
 Tankersley, in Yorkshire, where she died ; Eli- 
 zabeth lies in the Chapel of the French Hospital 
 at Madrid, where she died of a fever at ten days 
 old ; my next daughter of her name lies buried in 
 the Parish of Foot's Cray, in Kent, near Frog- 
 Pool, my brother Warwick's house, where she 
 died ; and my daughter Marj lies in my father's 
 vault in Hertford, with my first son Henry ; my 
 eldest lies buried in the Parish Church of St. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 47 
 
 John's College in Oxford, where he was born ; 
 my second Henry lies in Bengy Church, in Hert- 
 fordshire ; and my second Richard in the Espe- 
 ranza in Lisbon in Portugal, he being born ten 
 weeks before my time when I was in that Court. 
 I praise God I have living yourself and four sis- 
 ters, Katherine unmarried, Margaret married to 
 Vincent Grantham, Esq. of Goltho, in the county 
 of Lincoln, Anne, and Elizabeth. 
 
 Now I have shown you the most part of your 
 family by the male line, except Sir Thomas Fan- 
 shawe, of Jenkins, who has but one child, and 
 that a daughter, and two brothers, both unmar- 
 ried. Their father as well as themselves was a 
 worthy honest gentleman and a great sufferer for 
 the crown, wholly engaging his estate for the 
 maintenance thereof; and so is my cousin John 
 Fanshawe, of Parslowes, in Essex, who hath but 
 two sons, one unmarried by his first wife, who 
 was the daughter of Sir William Kingsmill ; and 
 the other is a child whom he had by his last wife, 
 the daughter of my cousin, Thomas Fanshawe, of 
 Jenkins. 
 
 I confess I owe Sir Thomas Fanshawe as good 
 a character as I can express, for he fully deserves 
 it, both for his true honours, and most excellent 
 
48 MEMOIR OF 
 
 acquired and natural parts ; and that which is of 
 me most esteemed, he was your father'*s intimate 
 friend as well as near kinsman ; and during the 
 time of the war he was very kind to us, by assist- 
 ing us in our wants, which were as great as his 
 supports ; which, though, I thank God, I have 
 fully repaid, yet must ever remain obliged for his 
 kindness and the esteem he hath for us. 
 
 He married the daughter and heir of Sir Ed^ 
 ward Heath, a pretty lady and a good woman ; 
 but I must here with thankfulness acknowledge 
 God's bounty to your family, who hath bestowed 
 most excellent wives on most of them, both in 
 person and fortune ; but with respect to the rest, 
 I must give with all reverence justly your grand- 
 mother the first and best place, who being left a 
 widow at thirty-nine years of age, handsome, with 
 a full fortune, all her children provided for, kept 
 herself a widow, and out of her jointure and 
 revenue purchased six hundred pounds a year 
 for the younger children of her eldest son ; be- 
 sides, she added five hundred pounds a piece to 
 the portions of her younger children, having 
 nine, whereof but one daughter was married be- 
 fore the death of Sir Henry Fanshawe, and she 
 was the second, her name was Mary, married to 
 
LADY FAT^SHAWE. 49 
 
 William Neuce, Esq., of Hadham, in Hertford- 
 shire ; the eldest daughter married Sir Capell 
 Bedells, of Hammerton, in Huntingdonshire ; the 
 third never married ; the fourth married Sir Wil- 
 liam Boteler, of Teston, in Kent ; the fifth died 
 young. Thus you have been made acquainted 
 with most of your nearest relations by your father, 
 except your cousins german, which are the three 
 sons of your uncle, Lord Fanshawe, and William 
 Neuce, Esq., and his two brothers, and Sir Oliver 
 Boteler, and my Lady Campbell, three maiden sis- 
 ters of hers, and my Lady Levingthorpe, of Black- 
 ware, in Hertfordshire. There was more, but 
 they are dead ; and so are the most part of them 
 I have named, but their memories will remain as 
 long as their names, for honest, worthy, virtuous 
 men and women, who served God in their genera- 
 tions in their several capacities, and without va- 
 nity none exceeded them in their loyalty, v/hich 
 cost them dear, for there were as many fathers, 
 sons, uncles, nephews, and cousins german, and 
 those that matched to them, engaged and seques- 
 tered for the crown in the time of the late rebel- 
 lion as their revenue made nearly eighty thousand 
 pounds a year, and this I have often seen a list of 
 and know it to be true. 
 
 D 
 
50 MEMOIR OF 
 
 The use of which to you is, that you should 
 not omit your duty to your king and country, 
 nor be less in your industry to exceed at least, not 
 shame, the excellent memory of your ancestors. 
 They were all eminent officers ; and that, I be- 
 lieve, keeping them ever employed, made them so 
 good men. I hope in God the like parallel will 
 be in you, which I heartily and daily pray for. 
 
 I was born in St. Olaves, Hart-street, London, 
 in a house that my father took of the Lord Ding- 
 wall, father to the now Duchess of Ormond, in 
 the year 1625, on our Lady Day, 25th of March. 
 Mr. Hyde, Lady Alston, and Lady Wolsten- 
 holme, were my godfather and godmothers. In 
 that house I lived the winter times till I was fif- 
 teen years old and three months, with my ever 
 honoured and most dear mother, who departed 
 this life on the 20th day of July, 1640, and now 
 lies buried in Allhallow's Church, in Hertford. 
 Her funeral cost my father above a thousand 
 pounds; and Dr. Howlsworth preached her fu- 
 neral sermon, in which, upon his own knowledge, 
 he told before many hundreds of people this acci- 
 dent following : that my mother, being sick to 
 death of a fever three months after I was born, 
 which was the occasion she gave me suck no 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 51 
 
 longer, her friends and servants thought to ail 
 outward appearance that she was dead, and so 
 lay almost two days and a night, but Dr. Winston 
 coming to comfort my father, went into my mo- 
 ther's room, and looking earnestly on her face, 
 said ' she was so handsome, and now looks so love- 
 ly, I cannot think she is dead** ; and suddenly took 
 a lancet out of his pocket and with it cut the sole 
 of her foot, which bled. Upon this, he immedi- 
 ately caused her to be laid upon the bed again and 
 to be rubbed, and such means as she came to life, 
 and opening her eyes, saw two of her kinswomen 
 stand by her, my Lady KnoUys and my Lady 
 Russel], both with great wide sleeves, as the fashion 
 then was, and said, Did not you promise me fif- 
 teen years, and are you come again ? which they 
 not understanding, persuaded her to keep her spi- 
 rits quiet in that great weakness wherein she then 
 was ; but some hours after she desired my father 
 and Dr. Howlsworth might be left alone with her, 
 to whom she said, ' I will acquaint you, that during 
 the time of my trance I was in great quiet, but in a 
 place I could neither distinguish nor describe ; but 
 the sense of leaving my girl, who is dearer to me 
 than all my children, remained a trouble upon my 
 spirits. Suddenly I saw two by me, clothed in 
 D 2 
 
52 MEMOIR OF 
 
 long white garments, and me thought I fell down 
 with my face in the dust ; and they asked why I 
 was troubled in so great happiness. I replied, O 
 let me have the same grant given to Hezekiah, 
 that I may live fifteen years, to see my daughter a 
 woman : to which they answered. It is done' ; and 
 then, at that instant, I awoke out of my trance; 
 and Dr. Howlsworth did there affirm, that that 
 day she died made just fifteen years from that 
 time. My dear mother was of excellent beauty 
 and good understanding, a loving wife, and most 
 tender mother ; very pious, and charitable to that 
 degree, that she relieved, besides the offals of the 
 table, which she constantly gave to the poor, many 
 with her own hand daily out of her purse, and 
 dressed many wounds of miserable people, when 
 she had health, and when that failed, as it did of- 
 ten, she caused her servants to supply that place. 
 She left behind her three sons, all much older 
 than myself. The eldest, John, married three 
 wives : by his last, who was the daughter of Mr. 
 Ludlow, a very ancient and noble family, he left 
 two daughters, who are both unmarried. My 
 second brother, William, died at Oxford with a 
 bruise on his side, caused by the fall of his horse, 
 which was shot under him, as he went out with a 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 53 
 
 party of horse against a party of the Earl of Es- 
 sex, in 1643. He was a very good and gallant 
 young man ; and they are the very words the 
 king said of him, when he was told of his death : 
 he was much lamented by all who knew him. The 
 third, Abraham, hath left no issue ; I was the 
 fourth, and my sister Margaret, the fifth, who 
 married Sir Edmund Turner, of South Stock, in 
 Lincolnshire, a worthy pious man. 
 
 My father, in his old age, married again, the 
 daughter of Mr. Shatbolt, of Hertfordshire, and 
 had by her a son, Richard, and a daughter, Mary. 
 The son married the eldest daughter of the now 
 Lord Grandison, and the daughter married the 
 eldest son of Sir Rowland Lytton, of Knebworth, 
 in Hertfordshire. My father lived to see them 
 both married ; and enjoyed a firm health until 
 above eighty years of age. He was a handsome 
 gentleman of great natural parts, a great ac- 
 comptant, vast memory, an incomparable penman, 
 of great integrity and service to his prince ; had 
 been a member of several Parliaments ; a good 
 husband and father, especially to me, who never 
 can sufficiently praise God for him, nor acknow- 
 ledge his most tender affection and bounty to me 
 and mine ; but as in duty bound, I will for ever 
 
54 MEMOIR OF 
 
 say, none had ever a kinder and better father than 
 myself. He died on the 28th day of September, 
 1 670 ; and lies buried by my mother in his own 
 vault in Allhallows Church, in Hertford. 
 
 My father was born at Bemond, in Lancashire ; 
 the twelfth son of his father, whose mother was 
 the daughter of Mr. Hippom, cousin german to 
 the old Countess of Rivers. I have little know- 
 ledge of my father's relations more than the fami- 
 lies of Aston, Irland, Sandis, Bemond, and Curwen, 
 who brought him to London and placed him with 
 my Lord Treasurer Salisbury, then Secretary of 
 State, who sent him into Sir John Wolstenliolm's 
 family, and gave him a small place in the Custom- 
 house, to enable him for the employment. He 
 being of good parts and capacity in some time raised 
 himself, by God's help, to get a very great estate, 
 for I have often heard him say that, besides his 
 education, he never had but twenty marks, which 
 his father gave him when he came to London, and 
 that was all he ever had for a portion. He made 
 it appear with great truth that, during the time of 
 the war, he lost by the rebels above one hundred 
 and thirty thousand pounds, and yet he left his 
 son sixteen hundred pounds a year in land, and 
 gave his daughter above twenty thousand pounds. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 55 
 
 Now it is necessary to say something of my 
 mother's education of me, which was with all the 
 advantages that time afforded, both for working 
 all sorts of fine works with my needle, and learn- 
 ing French, singing, lute, the virginals and danc- 
 ing, and notwithstanding I learned as well as most 
 did, yet was I wild to that degree, that the hours 
 of my beloved recreation took up too much of my 
 time, for I loved riding in the first place, running, 
 and all active pastimes ; in short, I was that which 
 we graver people call a hoyting girl ; but to be 
 just to myself, I never did mischief to myself or 
 people, nor one immodest word or action in my 
 life, though skipping and activity was my delight, 
 but upon' my mother's death, I then began to re- 
 flect, and, as an offering to her memory, I flung 
 away those little childnesses that had formerly 
 possessed me, and, by my father's command, took 
 upon me charge of his house and family, which I 
 so ordered by my excellent mother's example as 
 found acceptance in his sight. I was very well 
 beloved by all our relations and my mother's 
 friends, whom I paid a great respect to, and I 
 ever was ambitious to keep the best company, 
 which I have done, I thank God, all the days of 
 my life. My father and mother were both great 
 
56 MEMOIR OF 
 
 lovers and honourers of clergymen, but all of 
 Cambridge, and chiefly Doctor Bamberge, Doctor 
 Howlsworth, Broanbricke, Walley, and Mickel- 
 thite, and Sanderson, with many others. We 
 lived in great plenty and hospitality, but no lavish- 
 ness in the least, nor prodigality, and, I believe, 
 my father never drank six glasses of wine in his 
 life in one day. 
 
 About 1641, my brother, William Harrison, 
 
 was chosen Burgess of , and sat in the Com- 
 
 mons"* House of Parliament, but not long, for 
 when the King set up his standard he went with 
 him to Nottingham ; yet he, during his sitting, 
 undertook that my father should lend one hun- 
 dred and fifty thousand pounds to pay the Scots 
 who had then entered England, and, as it seems, 
 were to be both paid and prayed to go home, but 
 afterwards their plague infected the whole nation, 
 as to all our sorrows we know, and that debt of 
 my father'*s remained to him until the restoration 
 of the King. In 1642 my father was taken pri- 
 soner at his house, called Montague House, in 
 Bishopgate Street, and threatened to be sent on 
 board a ship with many more of his quality, and 
 then they plundered his house, but he getting 
 loose, under pretence to fetch some writings they 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 57 
 
 demanded in his hands concerning the public re- 
 venue, he went to Oxford in 1643, and thereupon 
 the Long Parliament, of which he was a member 
 for the town of Lancaster, plundered him out of 
 what remained, and sequestered his whole estate, 
 which continued out of his possession until the 
 happy restoration of the King. 
 
 My father commanded my sister and myself to 
 come to him to Oxford where the Court then was, 
 but we, that had till that hour lived in great 
 plenty and great order, found ourselves like fishes 
 out of the water, and the scene so changed, that 
 we knew not at all how to act any part but obedi- 
 ence, for, from as good a house as any gentleman 
 of England had, we came to a baker^s house in an 
 obscure street, and from rooms well furnished, to 
 lie in a very bad bed in a garret, to one dish of 
 meat, and that not the best ordered, no money, 
 for we were as poor as Job, nor clothes more than 
 a man or two brought in their cloak bags : we 
 had the perpetual discourse of losing and gaining 
 towns and men ; at the windows the sad spectacle 
 of war, sometimes plague, sometimes sicknesses of 
 other kind, by reason of so many people being pack- 
 ed together, as, I believe, there never was before of 
 that quality ; always in want, yet I must needs 
 D 5 . 
 
58 MEMOIR OF 
 
 say that mosf, bore it with a martyr-like cheerful- 
 ness. For my own part, I began to think we 
 should all, like Abraham, live in tents all the 
 days of our lives. The King sent my father a 
 warrant for a baronet, but he returned it with 
 thanks, saying he had too much honovir of his 
 knighthood which his Majesty had honoured him 
 with some years before, for the fortune he now 
 possessed : but as in a rock the turbulence of the 
 waves disperses the splinters of the rock, so it was 
 my lot, for having buried my dear brother, Wil- 
 liam Harrison, in Exeter College Chapel, I then 
 married your dear father in 1644 in Wolvercot 
 Church, two miles from Oxford, upon the 18th day 
 of May. None was at our wedding but my dear 
 father, who, at my mother's desire, gave me her 
 wedding-ring, with which I was married, and my 
 sister Margaret, and my brother and sister Bo- 
 teler. Sir Edward Hyde, afterwards Lord Chan- 
 cellor, and Sir Geoffry Palmer, the King's Attor- 
 ney. Before 1 was married, my husband was 
 sworn Secretary of War to the Prince, now our 
 King, with a promise from Charles I. to be pre- 
 ferred as soon as occasion offered it, but both his 
 fortune and my promised portion, which was made 
 10,000/., were both at that time in expectation, 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 59 
 
 and we might truly be called merchant adven- 
 turers, for the stock we set up our trading with 
 did not amount to twenty pounds betwixt us ; 
 but, however, it was to us as a little piece of ar- 
 mour is against a bullet, which if it be right 
 placed, though no bigger than a shilling, serves as 
 well as a whole suit of armour ; so our stock 
 bought pen, ink, and paper, which was your fa- 
 ther's trade, and by it, I assure you, we lived bet- 
 ter than those that were born to 2000/. a year as 
 long as he had his liberty. Here stay till I have 
 told you your father's life until I married him. 
 
 He was but seven years old when his father 
 died, and his mother, my Lady, designed him for 
 the law, having bred him first with that famous 
 schoolmaster Mr. Farnaby, and then under the 
 tuition of Dr. Beale, in Jesus College in Cam- 
 bridge, from whence, being a most excellent La- 
 tinist, he was admitted into the Inner Temple ; 
 but it seemed so crabbed a study, and disagree- 
 able to his inclinations, that he rather studied to 
 obey his mother than to make any progress in the 
 law. Upon the death of his mother, whom he 
 dearly loved and honoured, he went into France 
 to Paris, where he had three cousins german, 
 Lord Strangford, Sir John Baker of Kent, and 
 
60 MEMOIR OF 
 
 my cousin Thornhill. The whole stock he carried 
 with him was eighty pieces of gold, and French 
 silver to the value of live pounds in his pocket ; 
 his gold was quilted in his doublet; he went by 
 post to lodgings in the Fauxbourg St. Germain, 
 with an intent to rest that night, and the next day 
 to find out his kindred ; but the devil, that never 
 sleeps, so ordered it, that two friars entered the 
 chamber wherein he was, and welcoming him, 
 being his countrymen, invited him to play, he 
 innocently only intending diversion, till his sup- 
 per was ready ; but that was not their design, for 
 having engaged him, they left him not as long as 
 he was worth a groat, which when they discover- 
 ed, they gave him five pieces of his money until 
 he could recruit himself by his friends, which he 
 did the next day : and from that time forward 
 never played for a piece. It came to pass, that 
 seven years after, my husband being in Hun- 
 tingdonshire, at a bowling-green, with Sir Capel 
 Bedells, and many other persons of quality, one in 
 the company was called Captain Taller. My hus- 
 band, who had a very quick and piercing eye, 
 marked him much, as knowing his face, and 
 found, through his peruke wig, and scarlet cloak 
 and buif suit, that his name was neither Captain 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 61 
 
 nor Taller, but the honest Jesuit called Friar 
 Sherwood, that had cheated him of the greatest 
 part of his money, and after had lent him the five 
 pieces ; so your father went to him, and gave him 
 his five pieces, and said, ' Father Sherwood, I 
 know you, and you know this:' at which he was 
 extremely surprised, and begged of your father 
 not to discover him, for his life was in danger. 
 After a year's stay in Paris, he travelled to Mad- 
 rid in Spain, there to learn that language ; at the 
 same time, for that purpose, went the late Earl of 
 Caernarvon, and my Lord of Bedford, and Sir 
 John Berkeley, and several other gentlemen. Af- 
 terwards, having spent some years abroad, he re- 
 turned to London, and gave so good an account 
 of his travels, that he was about the year 1630 
 made Secretary of the Embassy, when my Lord 
 Aston went Ambassador. During your father's 
 travels, he had spent a considerable part of his 
 stock, which his father and mother left him : in 
 those days, where there were so many younger 
 children, it was considerable, being 50/. a year, 
 and 1,500/. in money. Upon the return of the 
 ambassador, your father was left resident until 
 Sir Arthur Hopton went Ambassador, and then 
 he came home about the year 1637 or 1638; and 
 
62 MEMOIR OF 
 
 I must tell you here of an accident your father 
 had coming out of Spain in this journey post : he 
 going into a bed for some few hours to refresh 
 himself, in a village five leagues from Madrid, he 
 slept so soundly, that notwithstanding the house 
 was on fire, and all the people of the village there, 
 he never waked ; but the honesty of the owners 
 was such, that they carried him, and set him asleep 
 upon a piece of timber on the highway ; and there 
 he awaked, and found his portmanteau and clothes 
 by him, without the least loss, which i& extraor- 
 dinary, considering the profession of his land- 
 lord, who had at that time his house burnt to the 
 ground. 
 
 After being here a year or two, and no prefer- 
 ment coming, Secretary Windebank calling him 
 Puritan, being his enemy, because himself was a 
 Papist, he was, by his elder brother, put into the 
 place of the King^s Remembrancer, absolutely, 
 with this proviso, that he should be accountable 
 for the use of the income; but if in seven years he 
 would pay 8,000/. for it to his brother, then it 
 should be his, with the whole revenue of it ; but 
 the war breaking out presently after, put an end 
 to this design ; for, being the King'*s sworn ser- 
 vant, he went to the King at Oxford, as well as 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 63 
 
 his fellows, to avoid the fury of this madness of the 
 people, where, having been almost a year, we mar- 
 ried, as I said before; and I will continue my dis- 
 course where we left. 
 
 Now we appear on the stage, to act what part 
 God designed us ; and as faith is the evidence of 
 things not seen, so we, upon so righteous a cause, 
 cheerfully resolved to suffer what that would 
 drive us to, which afflictions were neither few nor 
 small, as you will find. This year the Prince had 
 an established Council, which were the Earl of 
 Berkshire. Earl of Bradford, Lord Capel, Lord 
 Colepeper, Lord Hopton, and Sir Edward Hyde, 
 Chancellor of the Exchequer. My husband was 
 then, as I said, newly entered into his office of 
 secretary of the Council of War, and the King- 
 would have had him then to have been sworn 
 his Highnesses Secretary ; but the Queen, who 
 was then no friend to my husband, because he 
 had formerly made Secretary Windebank appear 
 in his colours, who was one of her Majesty's fa- 
 vourites, wholly obstructed that then, and placed 
 with the Prince Sir Robert Long, for whom she 
 bad a great kindness ; but the consequence will 
 show the man. 
 
 The beginning of March 1645, your father 
 
64 MEMOIR OP 
 
 went to Bristol with his new master, and this was 
 his first journey : I then lying-in of my first son, 
 Harrison Fanshawe, who was born on the 22nd 
 of February, he left me behind him. As for that, 
 it was the first time we had parted a day since we 
 married ; he was extremely afflicted, even to tears, 
 though passion was against his nature ; but the 
 sense of leaving me with a dying child, which did 
 die two days after, in a garrison town, extremely 
 weak, and very poor, were such circumstances as 
 he could not bear with, only the argument of 
 necessity ; and, for my own part, it cost me so 
 dear, that I was ten weeks before I could go alone ; 
 but he, by all opportunities, wrote to me to for- 
 tify myself, and to comfort me in the company of 
 my father and sister, who were both with me, and 
 that as soon as the Lords of the Council had their 
 wives come to them I should come to him, and 
 that I should receive the first money he got, and 
 hoped it would be suddenly. By the help of 
 God, with these cordials I recovered my former 
 strength by little and little, nor did I in my dis- 
 tressed condition lack the conversation of many of 
 my relations then in Oxford, and kindnesses of 
 very many of the nobility and gentry, both for 
 goodness sake, and because your father being 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 65 
 
 there in good employment, they found him ser- 
 viceable to themselves or friends, which friend- 
 ships none better distinguished between his place 
 and person than your father. 
 
 It was in May 1645, the first time I went out 
 of my chamber and to church, where, after ser- 
 vice, Sir William Parkhurst, a very honest gen- 
 tleman, came to me, and said he had a letter for 
 me from your father and fifty pieces of gold, and 
 was coming to bring them me. I opened first 
 my letter, and read those inexpressible joys that 
 almost overcame me, for he told me I should the 
 Thursday following come to him, and to that 
 purpose he had sent me that money, and would 
 send two of his men with horses, and all accom- 
 modation both for myself, my father, and sister, 
 and that Lady Capell and Lady Bradford would 
 meet me on the way ; but that gold your father 
 sent me v^^hen I was ready to perish, did not so 
 much revive me as his summons. I went imme- 
 diately to walk, or at least to sit in the air, being 
 very weak, in the garden of St. John's College, 
 and there, with my good father, communicated 
 my joy, who took great pleasure to hear of my 
 husband's good success and likewise of his journey 
 to him. We, all of my household being present, 
 
66 MEMOIR OF 
 
 heard drums beat in the highway, under the gar- 
 den wall. My father asked me if I would go up 
 upon the mount to see the soldiers march, for 
 it was Sir Charles Lee's company of foot, an ac- 
 quaintance of ours ; I said yes, and went up, 
 leaning my back to a tree that grew on the mount. 
 The commander seeing us there, in compliment 
 gave us a volley of shot, and one of their muskets 
 being loaded, shot a brace of bullets not two 
 inches above my head as I leaned to the tree, for 
 which mercy and deliverance I praise God. And 
 next week we were all on our journey for Bristol 
 very merry, and thought that now all things 
 would mend, and the worst of my misfortunes 
 past, but little thought I to leap into the sea that 
 would toss me until it had racked me ; but we 
 were to ride all night by agreement, for fear of 
 the enemy surprising us as we passed, they quar- 
 tering in the way. About nightfall having tra- 
 velled about twenty miles, we discovered a troop 
 of horse coming towards us, which proved to be 
 Sir Marmaduke Rawdon, a worthy commander, 
 and my countryman : he told me, that hearing I 
 was to pass by his garrison, he was come out to 
 conduct me, he hoped as far as was danger, which 
 was about twelve miles : with many thanks we 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 67 
 
 parted, and having refreshed ourselves and horses, 
 we set forth for Bristol, where we arrived on the 
 20th of May. 
 
 My husband had provided very good lodgings 
 for us, and as soon as he could come home 
 from the Council, where he was at my arri- 
 val, he with all expressions of joy received me 
 in his arms, and gave me a hundred pieces of 
 gold, saying, " I know thou that keeps my heart 
 so well, will keep my fortune, which from this 
 time I will ever put into thy hands as God 
 shall bless me with increase." And now I thought 
 myself a perfect qi:^^en, and my husband so glo- 
 rious a crown, that I more valued myself to be 
 called by his name than born a princess, for I 
 knew him very wise and very good, and his 
 soul doted on me; upon which confidence I will 
 tell you what happened. My Lady Rivers, a 
 brave woman, and one that had suffered many 
 thousand pounds loss for the King, and whom I 
 had a great reverence for, and she a kindness for 
 me as a kinswoman, — in discourse she tacitly com- 
 mended the knowledge of state affairs, and that 
 some women were very happy in a good under- 
 standing thereof, as my Lady Aubigny, Lady 
 Isabel Thynne, and divers others, and yet none 
 
68 MEMOIR OF 
 
 was at first more capable than I ; that in the night 
 she knew there came a post from Paris from the 
 Queen, and that she would be extremely glad to 
 hear what the Queen commanded the King in or- 
 der to his affairs ; saying, if I would ask my hus- 
 band privately, he would tell me what he found 
 in the packet, and I might tell her. I that was 
 young and innocent, and to that day had never in 
 my mouth what news, began to think there was 
 more in inquiring into public affairs than I thought 
 of, and that it being a fashionable thing would 
 make me more beloved of my husband, if that had 
 been possible, than I was. When my husband 
 returned home from Council, after welcoming him, 
 as his custom ever was he went with his handful 
 of papers into his study for an hour or more ; I 
 followed him ; he turned hastily, and said, ' What 
 wouldst thou have, my life ?"" I told him, I 
 heard the Prince had received a packet from the 
 Queen, and I guessed it was that in his hand, and 
 I desired to know what was in it ; he smilingly 
 replied, ' My love, I will immediately come to 
 thee, pray thee go, for I am very busy." When he 
 came out of his closet I revived my suit ; he kiss- 
 ed me, and talked of other things. At supper I 
 would eat nothing; he as usual sat by me, and 
 
LADY TANSHAWE. 69 
 
 drank often to me, which was his custom, and was 
 full of discourse to company that was at table. 
 Going to bed I asked again, and said I could not 
 believe he loved me if he refused to tell me all he 
 knew; but he answered nothing, but stopped my 
 mouth with kisses. So we went to bed, I cried, 
 and he went to sleep. Next morning early, as his 
 custom was, he called to rise, but began to dis- 
 course with me first, to which I made no reply ; 
 he rose, came on the other side of the bed and 
 kissed me, and drew the curtains softly and went 
 to Court. When he came home to dinner, he pre- 
 sently came to me as was usual, and when I had 
 him by the hand, I said, ' Thou dost not care to 
 see me troubled ;' to which he taking me in his 
 arms, answered, ' My dearest soul, nothing upon 
 earth can afflict me like that, and when you asked 
 me of my business, it was wholly out of my power 
 to satisfy thee, for my life and fortune shall be 
 thine, and every thought of my heart in which 
 the trust I am in may not be revealed, but my 
 honour is my own, which I cannot preserve if I 
 communicate the Prince's affairs ; and pray thee 
 with this answer rest satisfied.' So great was his 
 reason and goodness, that upon consideration it 
 made my folly appear to me so vile, that from 
 
70 MEMOIR OF , 
 
 that day until the day of his death I never thought 
 fit to ask him any business but what he commu- 
 nicated freely to me in order to his estate or fa- 
 mily. My husband grew much in the Princess 
 favour ; and Mr. Long not being suffered to ex- 
 ecute the business of his place, as the Council 
 suspected that he held private intelligence with 
 the Earl of Essex, which when he perceived he 
 went into the enemy's quarters, and so to London, 
 and then into France, full of complaints of the 
 Prince''s Council to the Queen-Mother, and when 
 he was gone your father supplied his place. 
 
 About July this year, [1645,] the plague in- 
 creased so fast in Bristol, that the Prince and all 
 his retinue went to Barnstaple, which is one of 
 the finest towns in England ; and your father and 
 I went two days after the Prince ; for during all 
 the time I was in the Court I never journeyed 
 but either before him, or when he was gone, nor 
 ever saw him but at church, for it was not in 
 those days the fashion for honest women, except 
 they had business, to visit a man's Court. I saw 
 there at Mr. Palmer's, where we lay, who was a 
 merchant, a parrot above a hundred years old. 
 They have, near this town, a fruit called a mas 
 sard, like a cherry, but different in taste, and 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 71 
 
 makes the best pies with their sort of cream I ever 
 eat. My Lady Capell here left us, and with a 
 pass from the Earl of Essex, went to London with 
 her eldest daughter, now Marquesse of Worcester. 
 Sir Allan Apsley was governor of the town, and 
 we had all sorts of good provision and accommo- 
 dation ; but the Prince's affairs calling him from 
 that place, we went to Launceston, in Cornwall, 
 and thither came very many gentlemen of that 
 county to do their duties to his Highness : they 
 were generally loyal to the crown and hospitable 
 to their neighbours, but they are of a crafty and 
 censorious nature, as most are so far from London. 
 That country hath great plenty, especially of fish 
 and fowl, but nothing near so fat and sweet as 
 within forty miles of London. We were quarter- 
 ed at Truro, twenty miles beyond Launceston, in 
 which place I had like to have been robbed. One 
 night having with me but seven or eight persons, 
 my husband being then at Launceston with his 
 master, somebody had discovered that my husband 
 had a little trunk of the Prince's in keeping, in 
 which were some jewels that tempted, them us to 
 assay ; but, praised be God, I defended, with the 
 few servants I had, the house so long that help 
 came from the town to my rescue, which was not 
 
72 MEMOIR OF 
 
 above a flight shot from the place where I dwelt ; 
 and the next day upon my notice my husband 
 sent me a guard by his Highness's command. 
 From thence the Court removed to Pendennis 
 Castle, some time commanded by Sir Nicholas 
 Slanning, who lost, his life bravely in the King's 
 service,* and left an excellent name behind him. 
 In this place came Sir John Granville into his 
 Highness's service, and was made a gentleman of 
 his bedchamber. His father was a very honest 
 gentleman, and lost his life in the King's ser- 
 vice ; and his uncle. Sir Richard, was a good 
 commander but a little too severe. 1 was at Pen- 
 zance with my father, and in the same town was 
 my brother Fanshawe and his lady and children. 
 My father and that family embarked for Morlaix, 
 in Brittanny, with my father's new wife, which he 
 had then married out of that family. My cousin, 
 Fanshawe, of Jenkins, and his eldest son, being 
 with them, went also over, but being in a small 
 vessel of that port and surprised with a great 
 storm, they had all like to have been cast away, 
 which forced them to land in a little creek, two 
 leagues from Morlaix, upon the 28th of March, 
 
 * He was killed at the siege of Bristol. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 73 
 
 1646; and five days after the Prince and all his 
 council embarked themselves in a ship called the 
 Phoenix, for the Isles of Scilly. They went 
 from the Land's-end, and so did we; being ac- 
 companied with many gentlemen of that country, 
 among whom was Sir Francis Basset, Governor of 
 the Mount, an honest gentleman, and so were all 
 his family ; and in particular we received great 
 civility from them. But w^e left our house and 
 furniture with Captain Bluet, who promised to 
 keep them until such a time as we could dispose 
 of them ; but when we sent, he said he had been 
 plundered of them, notwithstanding it was well 
 known he lost nothing of his own. At that time 
 this loss went deep with us, for we lost to the va- 
 lue of 200/. and more. But, as the proverb saith, 
 an evil chance seldom comes alone : we having 
 put all our present estate into two trunks, and 
 carried them aboard with us in a ship commanded 
 by Sir Nicholas Crispe, whose skill and honesty 
 the master and seamen had no opinion of, my hus- 
 band was forced to appease their mutiny which 
 his miscarriage caused ; and taking out money to 
 pay the seamen, that night following they broke 
 open one of our trunks, and took out a bag of 60/. 
 and a quantity of gold lace, with our best clothes 
 
 E 
 
74 MEMOIR OF 
 
 and linen, with all my combs, gloves, and ribbons, 
 which amounted to near 300/. more. The next 
 day, after having been pillaged, and extremely 
 sick and big with child, I was set on shore almost 
 dead in the Island of Scilly. When we had got to 
 our quarters near the Castle, where the Prince 
 lay, I went immediately to bed, which was so vile, 
 that my footman ever lay in a better, and we had 
 but three in the whole house, which consisted of 
 four rooms, or rather partitions, two low rooms 
 and two little lofts, with a ladder to go up : in one 
 of these they kept dried fish, which was his trade, 
 and in this my husband's two clerks lay, one 
 there was for my sister, and one for myself, and 
 one amongst the rest of the servants. But, when 
 I waked in the morning, I was so cold I knew 
 not what to do, but the daylight discovered that 
 my bed was near swimming with the sea, which 
 the owner told us afterwards it never did so 
 but at spring tide. With this, we were destitute 
 of clothes, — and meat, and fuel, for half the 
 Court to serve them a month was not to be had 
 in the whole island ; and truly we begged our 
 daily bread of God, for we thought every meal 
 our last. The Council sent for provisions to 
 France, which served us, but they were bad, and 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 75 
 
 a little of them. Then, after three weeks and odd 
 days, we set sail for the Isle of Jersey, where we 
 safely arrived, praised be God, beyond the belief 
 of all the beholders from that island ; for the pilot 
 not knowing the way into the harbour, sailed over 
 the rocks, but being spring tide, and by chance 
 high water, God be praised, his Highness and all 
 of us came safe ashore through so great a danger. 
 Sir George Carteret was Lieutenant-Governor of 
 the island, under my Lord St. Albans : a man for- 
 merly bred a sea-boy, and born in that island, the 
 brother's son of Sir Philip Carteret, whose younger 
 daughter he afterwards married. He endeavour- 
 ed, with all his power, to entertain his Highness 
 and Court with all plenty and kindness possible, 
 both which the island afforded, and what was 
 wanting, he sent for out of France. 
 
 There are in this island two castles, both good, 
 but St. Mary's is best, and hath the largest recep- 
 tion. There are many gentlemen's houses, at which 
 we were entertained : they have fine walks along 
 to their doors, double elms or oaks, which is ex- 
 tremely pleasant, and their ordinary highways are 
 good walks, by reason of the shadow. The whole 
 place is grass, except some small parcels where 
 corn is grown. The chiefest employment is knit- 
 E 2 
 
76 MEMOIR OF 
 
 ting ; they neither speak English nor good French ; 
 they are a cheerful, good-natured people, and tru- 
 ly subject to the present government. We quar- 
 tered at a widow's house in the market-place, Ma- 
 dame De Pommes, a stocking merchant : here I 
 was upon the 7th of March,* 1646, delivered of 
 my second child, a daughter, christened Anne. 
 And now there began great disputes about the 
 Prince, for the Queen would have him to Paris, 
 to which end she sent many letters and messengers 
 to his Highness and Council, who were for the 
 most part against his going, both to the Queen 
 his mother, and his going to France, for reasons 
 of state, but the Queen having an excellent soli- 
 citor in the Lord Colepeper, it was resolved by 
 his Highness to go : upon which Lord Capell, 
 Lord Hopton, and the Chancellor staid at Jersey, 
 and with them my husband, whose employment 
 ceased when his master went out of his father's 
 kingdom ; — not that your father sided with either 
 party of the Council, but having no inclination at 
 that time to go to the Court, and because his bro- 
 ther, Lord Fan sh awe, was desperately sick at 
 Caen, he intended to stay some time with him. 
 
 * Query, May or June. She did not arrive in Jersey until 
 April. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 77 
 
 About the beginning of July, the Prince, ac- 
 companied with the Earl of Bradford, a soldier of 
 fortune, and Lord Colepeper, and the Earl of 
 Berkshire, and most of his servants, went to Cot- 
 anville, and from thence to Paris, where he re- 
 mained some little time by his mother the Queen's 
 council, and afterwards went into Holland. Your 
 father and I remained fifteen days in Jersey, and 
 resolved that he would remain with his brother in 
 Caen, whilst he sent me into England, whither 
 my father was gone a month before, to see if I 
 could procure a sum of money. The beginning of 
 August we took our leave of the governor's family, 
 and left our child with a nurse under the care of 
 the Lady Carteret;* and in four days we came to 
 Caen, and myself, sister, and maid, went from 
 Mr. Fanborne's house, where my brother and all 
 his family lodged, aboard a small merchantman 
 that lay in the river ; and upon the 30th of Au- 
 gust, I arrived in the Cowes, near Southampton, to 
 which place I went that night, and came to Lon- 
 
 * It was apparently this Lady, of whom Pepys observes, 
 30th June, 1662. "Told my Lady Carteret, how my Lady 
 Fanshawe is fallen out with her only for speaking in behalf 
 of the French : which my Lady wonders at, they having been 
 formerly like sisters." — Diary, vol. i. p. 284. 
 
78 MEMOIR OP 
 
 don two days after. This was the first time I had 
 taken a journey without your father, and the first 
 manage of business he ever put into my hands, in 
 which I thank God I had good success ; for, lodg- 
 ing in Fleet Street, at Mr. Eates, the Watch- 
 maker, with my sister Boteler, I procured by the 
 means of Colonel Copley, a great Parliament-man, 
 whose wife had formerly been obliged to our fa- 
 mily, a pass for your father to come and compound 
 for 300/. which was a part of my fortune, but it 
 was only a pretence, for your grandfather was 
 obliged to compound for it, and deliver it us free. 
 And when your father was come, he was very pri- 
 vate in London ; for he was in daily fears to be 
 imprisoned before he could raise money to go 
 back again to his master, who was not then in a 
 condition to maintain him. Thus upon thorns he 
 stayed the October 1647. In the October before, 
 1646, my brother Richard Harrison was born ; 
 and this year my sister Boteler married Sir Philip 
 Warwick, her second husband; for her first, Sir 
 William Boteler, was killed at Cropley- bridge, 
 commanding a part of the King's army : he was a 
 most gallant, worthy, honest gentleman. 
 
 The 30th of July I was delivered of a son, call- 
 ed Henry, in lodgings in Portugal-row, Lincoln's- 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 79 
 
 inn-fields. This was a very sad time for us all 
 of the King's party, for by the folly, to give it 
 no worse name, of Sir John Berkeley, since Lord 
 Berkeley, and Mr. John Ashburnham, of the 
 King's bed-chamber, who were drawn in by the 
 cursed crew of the then standing army for the 
 Parliament to persuade the King to leave Hamp- 
 ton Court, to which they had then carried him, 
 and to make his escape, which design failing, as 
 the plot was laid, he was tormented and after- 
 wards barbarously and shamefully murdered, as 
 all the world knows. 
 
 During his stay at Hampton Court, my husband 
 was with him, to whom he was pleased to talk 
 much of his concerns, and give him there creden- 
 tials for Spain, with private instructions, and let- 
 ters for his service ; but God for our sins disposed 
 his Majesty *s affairs otherwise. I went three 
 times to pay my duty to him, both as I was the 
 daughter of his servant, and wife of his servant. 
 The last time I ever saw him, when I took my 
 leave, I could not refrain weeping : when he had 
 saluted me, 1 prayed to God to preserve his Ma- 
 jesty with long life and happy years ; he stroked 
 me on the cheek, and said, ' Child, if God pleas- 
 eth, it shall be so, but both you and I must sub- 
 
80 MEMOIR OF 
 
 mit to God''s will, and you know in what hands I 
 am :' then turning to your father, he said, ' Be 
 sure, Dick, to tell my son all that I have said, 
 and deliver those letters to my wife ; pray God 
 bless her ! I hope I shall do well :' and taking 
 him in his arms, said, ' Thou hast ever been an 
 honest man, and I hope God will bless thee, 
 and make thee a happy servant to my son, whom 
 I have charged in my letter to continue his love, 
 and trust to you f adding, ' I do promise you that 
 if ever I am restored to my dignity I will bounti- 
 fully reward you both for your service and suffer- 
 ings.' Thus did we part from that glorious sun, 
 that within a few months after was murdered, to 
 the grief of all Christians that were not forsaken 
 by God. 
 
 The October, as I told you, my husband and 
 I went into France, by the way of Portsmouth, 
 where, walking by the sea side about a mile from 
 our lodgings, two ships of the Dutch, then in war 
 with England, shot bullets at us so near that we 
 heard them whiz by us ; at which I called to my 
 husband to make haste back, and began to run, 
 but he altered not his pace, saying, ' If we must 
 be killed, it were as good to be killed walking as 
 running." But, escaping, we embarked the next 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 81 
 
 day ; and that journey fetched home our girl we 
 had left in Jersey ; and my husband was forced to 
 come out of France to Hamerton, in Hunting- 
 donshire, to my sister BedelFs, to the wedding of 
 his nephew, the last Lord Thomas Fanshawe, who 
 then married the daughter of Ferrers : as I have 
 said before, she was a very great fortune, and a 
 most excellent woman, and brought up some time 
 after her mother''s death with my sister Bedell. 
 
 About two months after this, in June, I was 
 delivered of a son on the 8th day, 1648. The 
 latter end of July I went to London, leaving my 
 little boy Richard at nurse with his brother at 
 Hartingfordbury. It happened to be the very day 
 after that the Lord Holland was taken prisoner at 
 St. Neot, and Lord Francis Villiers was killed ; 
 and as we passed through the town, we saw Colonel 
 Montague, afterwards Earl of Sandwich, spoiling 
 the town for the Parliament and himself. Coming 
 to London, I went to welcome the Marchioness of 
 Ormond to town, that then was come out of 
 France, who received me with great kindness, as 
 she ever had done before, and told me she must 
 love me for many reasons, and one was, that we 
 were both born in one chamber : when I left her, 
 she presented me with a ruby ring set with two 
 
 E 5 
 
82 MEMOIR OF 
 
 diamonds, which she prayed me to wear for her 
 sake, and I have it to this day. 
 
 In the month of September, my husband was 
 commanded by the Prince to wait on him in the 
 Downs, where he was with a very considerable 
 fleet ; but the fleet was divided, part being for 
 the King, and part for the Parliament. They 
 were resolved to fight that day, which if they had, 
 would have been the most cruel fight that ever 
 England knew ; but God by his will parted them 
 by a storm, and afterwards it was said. Lord 
 Colepeper, and one Low, a surgeon, that was a 
 reputed knave, so ordered the business, that for 
 money the fleet was betrayed to the enemy. Du- 
 ring this time my husband wrote me a letter, from 
 onboard the Prince's ship, full of concern for me, 
 believing they should engage on great odds ; but, 
 if he should lose his life, advised me to patience, 
 and this with so much love and reason, that my 
 heart melts to this day when I think of it ; but, 
 God be praised, he was reserved for better 
 things. 
 
 In December* my husband went to Paris on 
 
 * This must be a mistake for Novemher ; for in September 
 he was on board the fleet in the Downs, and after passing six 
 weeks in Paris, he went to Calais with Lady Fanshawe on the 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 83 
 
 « 
 
 his master's business, and sent for me from Lon- 
 don : I carried him 300/. of his money. During 
 our stay at Paris, I was highly obliged to the 
 Queen-Mother of England. We passed away six 
 weeks with great delight in good company ; my 
 Lady Norton, that was governess to the Lady 
 Henrietta, Charles the First's youngest daughter, 
 was very kind. I had the honour of her com- 
 pany, both in my own lodging and in the Palace 
 Royal, where she attended her charge ; likewise 
 my Lady Danby, and her daughter, my Lady 
 Guilford, with many others of our nation, both in 
 the Court and out of it ; amongst whom was Mr. 
 Waller, the poet, and his wife : they went with us 
 to Calais, upon the 25th of December, 1649. I, 
 with my husband, kissed the Queen-Mother's 
 hand, who promised her favour, with much grace, 
 to us both, and sent letters to the King, then in 
 Holland, by my husband. From her Majesty 
 we waited on the Princes, and afterwards took 
 our leave of all that Court. 
 
 When we came to Calais, we met the Earl of 
 Strafford and Sir Kenelm Digby, with some others 
 
 2.5th of Decemher, 1649. The date of the year is also erro- 
 neous, as it is evident from the context that it was 1648. 
 
84 MEMOIR OF 
 
 of our countrymen. We were all feasted at the 
 Governor's of the castle, and much excellent dis- 
 course passed ; but, as was reason, most share was 
 Sir Kenelm Digby''s, who had enlarged somewhat 
 more in extraordinary stories than might be 
 averred, and all of them passed with great ap- 
 plause and wonder of the French then at table ; 
 but the concluding one was, that barnacles, a bird 
 in Jersey, was first a shell-fish to appearance, and 
 from that, sticking upon old wood, became in time 
 a bird. After some consideration, they unani- 
 mously burst out into laughter, believing it alto- 
 gether false ; and, to say the truth, it was the 
 only thing true he had discoursed with them : 
 that was his infirmity, though otherwise a person 
 of most excellent parts, and a very fine-bred gen- 
 tleman. 
 
 My husband thought it convenient to send me 
 into England again, there to try what sums I 
 could raise, both for his subsistence abroad and 
 mine at home ; and though nothing was so griev- 
 ous to us both as parting, yet the necessity both of 
 the public and your father's private affairs, obliged 
 us often to yield to the trouble of absence, as at 
 this time. 1 took my leave with sad heart, and 
 embarked myself in a hoy for Dover, with Mrs. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 85 
 
 Waller and my sister Margaret Harrison, and my 
 little girl Nan ; but a great storm arising, we had 
 like to be cast away, the vessel being half full of 
 water, and we forced to land at Deal, every one 
 carried upon men's backs, and we up to the middle 
 in water, and very glad to escape so. About this 
 time the Prince of Orange was born.* 
 
 My husband went from thence by Flanders into 
 Holland to his master ; and, in February follow- 
 ing, your father was sent into Ireland by the 
 King, there to receive such monies as Prince 
 Rupert could raise by the fleet he commanded of 
 the King's ; but a few months put an end to that 
 design, though it had a very good aspect in the 
 beginning, which made my husband send for me 
 and the little family I had thither. We went by 
 Bristol very cheerfully towards my north star, 
 that only had the power to fix me ; and because I 
 had had the good fortune, as I then thought it, to 
 sell 300/. a year to him that is now Judge Archer, 
 in Essex, for which he gave me 4000/., which at 
 that time I thought a vast sum ; but be it more 
 or less, I am sure it was spent in seven years"* time 
 in the King's service, and to this hour I repent it 
 
 * This is an error, as he was born on the 4th of November 
 1650. 
 
86 MEMOIR OF 
 
 not, I thank God. Five hundred pounds I 
 carried my husband, the rest I left in my father's 
 agent's hands to be returned as we needed it. 
 
 I landed at Youghall, in Munster, as my hus- 
 band directed me, in hopes to meet me there ; but 
 I had the discomfort of a very hazardous voy- 
 age, and the absence of your father, he then being 
 upon business at Cork. So soon as he heard I 
 was landed, he came to me, and with mutual joy 
 we discoursed those things that were proper to en- 
 tertain us both ; and thus, for six months, we 
 lived so much to our satisfaction, that we began to 
 think of making our abode there during the war, 
 for the country was fertile, and all provisions 
 cheap, and the houses good, and we were placed 
 in Red Abbey, a house of Dean Boyle'*&, in Cork, 
 and my Lord of Ormond had a very good army, 
 and the country seemingly quiet ; and, to com- 
 plete our content, all persons were very civil to us, 
 especially Dean Boyle, Lord Chancellor of Ire- 
 land, and Archbishop of Dublin and his family, 
 and the Lord Inchiquin, whose daughter Elkenna 
 I christened in 1650. 
 
 But what earthly comfort is exempt from 
 change ? for here I heard of the death of my 
 second son, Henry, and, within a few weeks, of 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 87 
 
 the landing of Cromwell, who so hotly marched 
 over Ireland, that the fleet with Prince Rupert 
 was forced to set sail, and within a small time 
 after he lost all his riches, which was thought to 
 be worth hundreds of thousands of pounds, in 
 one of his best ships, commanded by his brother 
 Maurice, who with many a brave man sunk Were 
 all lost in a storm at sea. 
 
 We remained some time behind in Ireland, 
 until my husband could receive his Majesty's 
 commands how to dispose of himself. During 
 this time I had, by the fall of a stumbling horse, 
 being with child, broke my left wrist, which, be- 
 cause it was ill-set, put me to great and long pain, 
 and I was in my bed when Cork revolted. By 
 chance that day my husband was gone on business 
 to Kinsale : it was in the beginning of November 
 1650.* At midnight I heard the great guns go 
 off, and thereupon I called up my family to rise, 
 v^^hich I did as well as I could in that condition. 
 Hearing lamentable shrieks of men, women, and 
 children, I asked at a window the cause ; they told 
 me they were all Irish, stripped and wounded, and 
 turned out of the town, and that Colonel Jeffries, 
 with some others, had possessed themselves of the 
 * These events happened in November 1649. 
 
88 MEMOIR OF 
 
 town for Cromwell. Upon this, 1 immediately 
 wrote a letter to my husband, blessing God's pro- 
 vidence that he was not there with me, persuading 
 him to patience and hope that I should get safely 
 out of the town, by God's assistance, and desired 
 him to shift for himself, for fear of a surprise, 
 with promise that I would secure his papers. 
 
 So soon as I had finished my letter, I sent it by 
 a faithful servant, who was let down the garden- 
 wall of Red Abbey, and, sheltered by the dark- 
 ness of the night, he made his escape. I immedi- 
 ately packed up my husband's cabinet, with all his 
 Avri tings, and near 1000/. in gold and silver, and 
 all other things both of clothes, linen, and house- 
 hold stuff that were portable, of value ; and then, 
 about three o'clock in the morning, by the light of 
 a taper, and in that pain I was in, I went into the 
 market-place, with only a man and maid, and pass- 
 ing through an unruly tumult with their swords 
 in their hands, searched for their chief commander 
 Jeffries, who, whilst he was loyal, had received 
 many civilities from your father. I told him it 
 was necessary that upon that change I should re- 
 move, and I desired his pass that would be obey- 
 ed, or else I must remain there : I hoped he 
 would not deny me that kindness. He instantly 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 89 
 
 wrote me a pass, both for myself, family, and 
 goods, and said he would never forget the respect 
 he owed your father. With this, I came through 
 thousands of naked swords to Red Abbey, and 
 hired the next neighbour's cart, which carried all 
 that I could remove ; and myself, sister, and little 
 girl Nan, with three maids and two men, set forth 
 at five o'clock in November, having but two 
 horses amongst us all, which we rid on by turns. 
 In this sad condition I left Red Abbey, with as 
 many goods as were worth 100/. which could not 
 be removed, and so were plundered. We went 
 ten miles to Kinsale, in perpetual fear of being 
 fetched back again; but, by little and little, I 
 thank God, we got safe to the garrison, where I 
 found your father the most disconsolate man in 
 the world, for fear of his family, which he had no 
 possibility to assist ; but his joys exceeded to see 
 me and his darling daughter, and to hear the 
 wonderful escape we, through the assistance of 
 God, had made. 
 
 But when the rebels went to give an account to 
 Cromwell of their meritorious act, he immediately 
 asked them where Mr. Fanshawe v^^as ? They re- 
 plied, he was that day gone to Kinsale. Then he 
 demanded where his papers and his family were ? 
 
90 MEMOIR OF 
 
 At which they all stared one at another, but made 
 no reply. Their General said, ' It was as much 
 worth to have seized his papers as the toAvn ; for I 
 did make account to have known by them what 
 these parts of the country are worth.' 
 
 But within a few days we received the King's 
 order, which was, that my husband should, upon 
 sight thereof, go into Spain to Philip IV. and de- 
 liver him his Majesty's letters ; and by my hus- 
 band also his Majesty sent letters to my Lord Cot- 
 tington and Sir Edward Hyde, his Ambassadors 
 Extraordinary in that Court. Upon this order 
 we went to Macrome to the Lord Clancarty, who 
 married a sister of the Lord Ormond ; we stayed 
 there two nights, and at my coming away, after 
 very noble entertainment, my Lady gave me a 
 great Irish greyhound, and I presented her with a 
 fine besel-stone. 
 
 From thence we went to Limerick, where we 
 were entertained by the Mayor and Aldermen 
 very nobly ; and the Recorder of the Town was 
 very kind, and in respect they made my husband 
 a freeman of Limerick. There we met the Bishop 
 of Londonderry and the Earl of Roscommon, who 
 was Lord Chancellor of that Kingdom at that 
 time. These two persons with my husband being 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 91 
 
 together writing letters to the King, to give an 
 account of the kingdom, when they were going 
 down stairs from my Lord Roscommon's chamber, 
 striving to hold the candle at the stairs' head, be- 
 cause the privacy of their despatch admitted not a 
 servant to be near, my Lord Roscommon fell 
 down the stairs, and his head fell upon the corner 
 of a stone and broke his skull in three pieces, of 
 which he died five days after, leaving the broad 
 seal of Ireland in your father's hands, until such 
 time as he could acquaint his Majesty with this 
 sad account, and receive orders how to dispose of 
 the seals. This caused our longer stay, but your 
 father and I being invited to my Lord Inchi- 
 quin's, there to stay till we heard out of Holland 
 from the King, which was a month before the 
 messenger returned, we had very kind entertain- 
 ment, and vast plenty of fish and fowl. By this 
 time my Lord Lieutenant the now Duke of Or- 
 mond's army was quite, dispersed, and himself 
 gone for Holland, and every person concerned in 
 that interest shifting for their lives ; and Crom- 
 well went through as bloodily as victoriously, 
 many worthy persons being murdered in cold 
 blood, and their families quite ruined. 
 
 From hence we went to the Lady Honor 
 
92 MEMOIR OF 
 
 O'Brien's, a lady that went for a maid, but few 
 believed it : she was the youngest daughter of the 
 Earl of Thomond. There we stayed three nights. 
 The first of which I was surprised by being laid 
 in a chamber, when, about one o'clock, I heard a 
 voice that wakened me. I drew the curtain, and, 
 in the casement of the window, I saw, by the light 
 of the moon, a woman leaning into the window, 
 through the casement, in white, with red hair and 
 pale and ghastly complexion : she spoke loud, 
 and in a tone I had never heard, thrice, ' A horse ;' 
 and then, with a sigh more like the wind than 
 breath she vanished, and to me her body looked 
 more like a thick cloud than substance. I was so 
 much frightened, that my hair stood on end, and 
 my night clothes fell off. I pulled and pinched 
 your father, who never woke during the disorder I 
 was in ; but at last was much surprised to see me 
 in this fright, and more so when I related the 
 story and showed him the window opened. Nei- 
 ther of us slept any more that night, but he enter- 
 tained me with telling me how much more these 
 apparitions were usual in this country than in 
 England ; and we concluded the cause to be the 
 great superstition of the Irish, and the want of 
 that knowing faith, which should defend them 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 93 
 
 from the power of the Devil, which he exercises 
 among them very much. About five o'clock the 
 lady of the house came to see us, saying she had 
 not been in bed all night, because a cousin 
 O'Brien of her's, whose ancestors had owned that 
 house, had desired her to stay with him in his 
 chamber, and that he died at two o'clock, and she 
 said, ' I wish you to have had no disturbance, for 
 'tis the custom of the place, that, when any of the 
 family are dying, the shape of a woman appears in 
 the window every night till they be dead. This 
 woman was many ages ago got with child by the 
 owner of this place, who murdered her in his gar- 
 den, and flung her into the river under the win- 
 dow, but truly I thought not of it when I lodged 
 you here, it being the best room in the house.' 
 We made little reply to her speech, but disposed 
 ourselves to be gone suddenly. 
 
 By this time my husband had received orders 
 from the King to give the Lord Inchiquin the 
 seals to keep until farther orders from his Majesty. 
 When that business was settled, we went, accom- 
 panied by my Lord Inchiquin and his family, four 
 or five miles towards Galway, which he did not by 
 choice, but the plague had been so hot in that 
 city the summer before, that it was almost depo- 
 
94 MEMOIR OF 
 
 pulated, and the haven as much as the town. 
 But your father hearing that, by accident, there 
 was a great ship of Amsterdam bound for Malaga, 
 in Spain, and Cromwell pursuing his conquests at 
 our backs, resolved to fall into the hands of God 
 rather than into the hands of men ; and with his 
 family of about ten persons came to the town at 
 the latter end of February,* where we found 
 guards placed that none should enter without cer- 
 tificates from whence they came ; but understand- 
 ing that your father came to embark himself for 
 Spain, and that there was a merchant's house 
 taken for us, that was near the sea-side, and one 
 of their best, they told us, if we pleased to alight, 
 they would wait on us to the place ; but it was 
 long from thence, and no horses were admitted into 
 the town. 
 
 An Irish footman that served us, said, ' I lived 
 here some years and know every street, and like- 
 wise know a much nearer way than these men can 
 show you, Sir ; therefore come with me, if you 
 please.^ We resolved to follow him, and sent our 
 horses to stables in the suburbs : he led us all on 
 
 * Probably January, as in a subsequent page Lady Fan- 
 shawe says, she embarked for Galway in the beginning of 
 February. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 95 
 
 the back side of the town, under the walls over 
 which the people during the plague, which was 
 not yet quite stopped, flung out all their dung, 
 dirt, and rags, and we walked up to the middle of 
 our legs in them, for, being engaged, we could not 
 get back. At last we found the house, by the 
 master standing at the door expecting us, who 
 said, ' You are welcome to this disconsolate city, 
 where you now see the streets grown over with 
 grass, once the finest little city in the world/ 
 And indeed it was easy to think so, the buildings 
 being uniformly built, and a very fine market- 
 place, and walks arched and paved by the sea-side 
 for their merchants to walk on, and a most noble 
 harbour. 
 
 Our house was very clean, only one maid in it 
 besides the master ; we had a very good supper 
 provided, and being very weary went early to bed. 
 The owner of this house entertained Us with the 
 story of the late Marquis of Worcester, who had 
 been there some time the year before : he had of 
 his own and other friends' jewels to the value of 
 8000/., which some merchants had lent upon 
 them. My Lord appointed a day for receiving 
 the money upon them and delivering the jewels ; 
 being met, he shows them all to these persons. 
 
96 MEMOIR OF 
 
 then seals them up in a box, and delivered them to 
 one of these merchants, by consent of the rest, 
 to be kept for one year, and upon the payment 
 of the 8000/. by my Lord Marquis to be de- 
 livered him. 
 
 After my Lord had received the money, he was 
 entertained at all these persons'* houses, and nobly 
 feasted with them near a month : he went from 
 thence into France. When the year was ex- 
 pired, they, by letters into France, pressed the 
 payment of this borrowed money several times, 
 alleging they had great necessity of their money 
 to drive their trade with ; to which my Lord Mar- 
 quis made no answer; which did at last so exas- 
 perate these men, that they broke open the seals, 
 and opening the box found nothing but rags and 
 stones for their 8000/. at which they were highly 
 enraged, and in this case I left them. 
 
 At the beginning of February we took ship, 
 and our kind host, with much satisfaction in our 
 company, prayed God to bless us and give us a 
 good voyage, for, said he, ' I thank God you are 
 all gone safe aboard from my house, notwithstand- 
 ing I have buried nine persons out of my house 
 within these six months ;' which saying much 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 97 
 
 Startled usj but, God's name be praised, we were 
 all well, and so continued. 
 
 Here now our scene was shifted from land to 
 sea, and we left that brave kingdom, fallen, in six 
 or eight months, into a most miserable sad condi- 
 tion, as it hath been many times in most kings' 
 reigns, God knows why ! for I presume not to 
 say ; but the natives seem to me a very loving 
 people to each other, and constantly false to all 
 strangers, the Spaniards only excepted. The 
 country exceeds in timber and sea-ports, and great 
 plenty of fish, fowl, flesh, and, by shipping, wants 
 no foreign commodities. We pursued our voyage 
 with prosperous winds, but vi^ith a most tempes- 
 tuous master, a Dutchman, which is enough to 
 say, but truly, I think, the greatest beast I ever 
 saw of his kind. 
 
 When we had just passed the Straits, we saw 
 coming towards us, with full sails, a Turkish 
 galley well manned, and we believed we should be 
 all carried away slaves, for this man had so laden 
 his ship with goods for Spain, that his guns were 
 useless, though the ship carried sixty guns. He 
 called for brandy ; and after he had well drunken, 
 and all his men, which were near two hundred, he 
 called for arms and cleared the deck as well as he 
 
 F 
 
98 MEMOIR OF 
 
 could, resolving to fight rather than lose his ship, 
 which was worth thirty thousand pounds. This 
 was sad for us passengers ; but my husband bade 
 us be sure to keep in the cabin, and the women not 
 to appear, which would make the Turks think that 
 we were a man-of-war, but if they saw women 
 they would take us for merchants and board us. 
 He went upon the deck, and took a gun and ban- 
 doliers, and sword, and, with the rest of the ship's 
 company, stood upon deck expecting the arrival 
 of the Turkish man-of-war. This beast, the Cap- 
 tain, had locked me up in the cabin ; I knocked 
 and called long to no purpose, until, at length, the 
 cabin boy came and opened the door ; I, all in 
 tears, desired him to be so good as to give me his 
 blue thrum cap he wore, and his tarred coat, v^^hich 
 he did, and I gave him half-a-crown, and putting 
 them on and flinging away my night clothes, I 
 crept up softly and stood upon the deck by my 
 husband's side, as free from sickness and fear as, I 
 confess, from discretion ; but it was the effect of 
 that passion, which I could never master. 
 
 By this time the two vessels were engaged in 
 parley, and so well satisfied with speech and sight 
 of each other's forces, that the Turks' man-of-war 
 tacked about, and we continued our course. But 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 99 
 
 when your father saw it convenient to retreat, 
 looking upon me, he blessed himself, and snatched 
 me up in his arms, saying, ' Good God, that love 
 can make this change !' and though he seemingly 
 chid me, he would laugh at it as often as he re- 
 membered that voyage. And in the beginning of 
 March we all landed, praised be God, in IMalaga, 
 very well, and full of content to see ourselves deli- 
 vered from the sword and plague, and living in 
 hope that we should one day return happily to our 
 native country ; notwithstanding, we thought it 
 great odds, considering how the affairs of the 
 King's three kingdoms stood ; but we trusted in 
 the providence of Almighty God, and proceeded. 
 
 We were very kindly entertained by the mer- 
 chants, and by them lodged in a merchant's house, 
 where we had not been with our goods three days, 
 when the vessel that brought us thither, by the 
 negligence of a cabin-boy, was blown up in the 
 harbour, with the loss of above a hundred men 
 and all our lading. 
 
 After we had refreshed ourselves some days, 
 we went on our journey towards Madrid, and 
 lodged the first night at Velez Malaga, to which 
 we were accompanied by most of the merchants. 
 The next day we went to Grenada, having passed 
 F 2 
 
100 MEMOIR OF 
 
 the highest mountains I ever saw in my life, but 
 under this lieth the finest valley that can be pos- 
 sibly described, adorned with high trees and rich 
 grass, and beautified with a large deep clear river. 
 Over the town and this standeth the goodly vast 
 palace of the King's, called the Alhambra, whose 
 buildings are, after the fashion of the Moors, 
 adorned with vast quantities of jasper-stone ; many 
 courts, many fountains, and by reason it is situated 
 on the side of a hill, and not built uniform, many 
 gardens with ponds in them, and many baths made 
 of jasper, and many principal rooms roofed with 
 the mosaic work, which exceeds the finest enamel 
 I ever saw. Here I was showed in the midst of a 
 very large piece of rich embroidery made by the 
 Moors of Grenada, in the middle as long as half a 
 yard of the trueTyrian dye, which is so glorious a 
 colour that it cannot be expressed : it hath the 
 glory of scarlet, the beauty of purple, and is so 
 bright, that when the eye is removed upon any 
 other object it seems as white as snow. 
 
 The entry into this great Palace is of stone, 
 for a Porter's-lodge, but very magnificent, through 
 the gate below, which is adorned with figures of 
 forest-work, in which the Moors did transcend. 
 High above this gate was a bunch of keys cut 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 101 
 
 in stone likewise, with this motto : ' Until that 
 hand holds those keys, the Christians shall never 
 possess this Alhambra.' This was a prophecy 
 they had, in which they animated themselves, by 
 reason of the impossibility that ever they should 
 meet. But see, how true there is a time for all 
 things ! It happened that when the Moors were 
 besieged in that place by Don Fernando and his 
 Queen Isabella, the King with an arrow out of a 
 bow, which they then used in war, shooting the 
 first arrow as their custom is, cut that part of the 
 stone that holds the keys, which was in fashion of 
 a chain, and the keys falling, remained in the hand 
 underneath. This strange accident preceded but 
 a few days the conquest of the town of Grenada 
 and kingdom. 
 
 They have in this place an iron grate, fixed into 
 the side of the hill, that is a rock : I laid my head 
 to the key-hole and heard a noise like the clashing 
 of arms, but could not distinguish other shrill 
 noises I heard with that, but tradition says it 
 could never be opened since the Moors left it, 
 notwithstanding several persons had endeavoured 
 to wrench it open, but that they perished in the 
 attempt. The truth of this I can say no more to ; 
 but that there is such a gate, and I have seen it. 
 
102 MEMOIR OF 
 
 After two days we went on our journey ; and 
 on the 13th of April 1650, we came to the Court 
 of Madrid, where we were the next day visited by 
 the two English ambassadors, and afterwards by 
 all the English merchants. 
 
 Here I was delivered of my first daughter, that 
 was called Elizabeth, upon the 13th of July. She 
 lived but fifteen days, and lies buried in the 
 Chapel of the French Hospital. Your father had 
 great difficulty to carry on his business, without 
 encroaching upon the Extraordinary Ambassador's 
 negotiation, and the performance of his Majesty's 
 commands to show his present necessities, which 
 he was sent to Philip IV. for, in hopes of a present 
 supply of money, which our King then lacked ; 
 but finding no good to be done on that errand, 
 he and I, accompanied by Dr. Bell, of Jesus Col- 
 lege in Cambridge, who had been his tutor, v^^ent 
 a day*'s journey together towards St. Sebastian, 
 there to embark for France. 
 
 While we stayed in this Court we were kindly 
 treated by all the English ; and it was no small 
 trouble to your father's tutor to quit his com- 
 pany, but, having undertaken the charge of that 
 family of the ambassador's as their chaplain, he 
 said, he held himself obliged in conscience to 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 103 
 
 stay, and so he did. In a few months after he 
 died there, and lies buried in the garden-house, 
 where they then lived. 
 
 Whilst we were in Madrid, there was sent one 
 Askew, as resident from the then Governor of 
 England ; he lay in a common eating-house where 
 some travellers used to lie, and being one day at 
 dinner, some young men meeting in the street 
 with Mr. Prodgers, a gentleman belonging to the 
 Lord Ambassador Cottington, and Mr. Sparks, 
 an English merchant, discoursing of news, began 
 to speak of the impudence of that Askew, to come 
 a public minister from rebels to a Court where 
 there were two Ambassadors from his King. This 
 subject being handled with heat, they all resolved 
 to go without more consideration into his lodgings 
 immediately and kill him : they came up to his 
 chamber door, and finding it open, and he sat at 
 dinner, seized him, and so killed him, and went 
 their several ways. Afterwards they found Mr. 
 Sparks in a church for rescue, notwithstanding 
 it was contrary to their religion and laws, and 
 they forced him out from thence, and executed 
 him publicly, their fears of the English power 
 were then so great. 
 
 There was at that time the Lord Goring, son 
 
104 MEMOIR OF 
 
 to the Earl of Norwich : he had a command 
 under Philip the Fourth of Spain, against the 
 Portuguese : he was generally esteemed a good 
 and great commander, and had been brought up 
 in Holland in his youth, of vast natural parts ; 
 for I have heard your father say, he hath dic- 
 tated to several persons at once that were upon 
 despatches, and all so admirably well, that none 
 of them could be mended. He was exceeding fa- 
 cetious and pleasant company, and in conversa- 
 tion, where good manners were due, the civilest 
 person imaginable, so that he would blush like a 
 girl. He was very tall, and very handsome : he 
 had been married to a daughter of the Earl of 
 Cork, but never had a child by her. His expenses 
 were what he could get, and his debauchery be- 
 yond all precedents, which at last lost him that 
 love the Spaniards had for him ; and that country 
 not admitting his coiistant drinking, he fell sick 
 of a hectic fever, in which he turned his reli- 
 gion, and with that artifice could scarce get to 
 keep him whilst he lived in that sickness, or to 
 bury him when he was dead. 
 
 We came to St. Sebastian's about the begin- 
 ning of September, and there hired a small 
 French vessel to carry us to Nantz : we embarked 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 105 
 
 within two days after our coming to this town. 
 I never saw so wild a place, nor were the inha- 
 bitants unsuitable, but like to like, which made 
 us hasten away, and I am sure to our cost we 
 found the proverb true, for our haste brought 
 us woe. We had not been a day at sea before 
 we had a storm begun, that continued two days 
 and two nights in a most violent manner ; and 
 being in the Bay of Biscay, we had a hurricane 
 that drew the vessel up from the water, which 
 had neither sail nor mast left, and but six men 
 and a boy. Whilst they had hopes of life they 
 ran swearing about like devils, but when that 
 failed them, they ran into holes, and let the ship 
 drive as it would. In this great hazard of our 
 lives we were the beginning of the third night, 
 when God in mercy ceased the storm of a sudden, 
 and there was a great calm, which made us ex- 
 ceeding joyful ; but when those beasts, for they 
 were scarce men, that manned the vessel, began 
 to rummage the bark, they could not find their 
 compass anywhere, for the loss of which they 
 began again such horrible lamentations as were 
 as dismal to us as the storm past. 
 
 Thus between hope and fear we passed the 
 night, they protesting to us they knew not where 
 F 5 
 
106 MEMOIR OF 
 
 they were, and truly we believed them ; for with 
 fear and drink I think they were bereaved of their 
 senses. So soon, as it was day, about six o'clock, 
 the master cried out, * The land ! the land !' but 
 we did not receive the news with the joy be- 
 longing to it, but sighing said, God's will be 
 done ! Thus the tide drove us until about five 
 oVlock in the afternoon, and drawing near the 
 side of a small rock that had a creek by it, we ran 
 aground, but the sea was so calm that we all got 
 out without the loss of any man or goods, but the 
 vessel was so shattered that it was not afterwards 
 serviceable : thus, God be praised ! we escaped 
 this great danger, and found ourselves near a 
 little village about two leagues from Nantz. We 
 hired there six asses, upon which we rode as many 
 as could by turns, and the rest carried our goods. 
 This journey took us up all the next day, for I 
 should have told you that we stirred not that 
 night, because we sat up and made good cheer ; 
 for beds they had none, and we were so trans- 
 ported that we thought we had no need of any, 
 but we had very good fires, and Nantz white wine, 
 and butter, and milk, and walnuts and eggs, and 
 some very bad cheese ; and was not this enough, 
 with the escape of shipwreck, to be thought better 
 than a feast ? I am sure until that hour I never 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 107 
 
 knew such pleasure in eating, between which we 
 a thousand times repeated what we had spoken 
 when every word seemed to be our last. 
 
 As soon as it was day, we began our journey 
 towards Nantz, and by the way we passed by a 
 little poor chapel, at the door of which a friar 
 begged an alms, saying, that he would show us 
 there the greatest wonder "in the world. We re- 
 solved to go with him. He went before us to the 
 altar, and out of a cupboard, with great devotion, 
 he took a box, and crossing himself he opened it. 
 in that was another of crystal that contained a 
 little silver box ; he lifting this crystal box up, 
 cried, ' Behold in this the hem* of St. Joseph, 
 which was taken as he hewed his timber V To 
 which my husband replied, ' Indeed, Father, it is 
 the lightest, considering the greatness, that I ever 
 handled in my life.' The ridiculousness of this, 
 with the simplicity of the man, entertained us till 
 we came to Nantz. We met by the way good 
 grapes and walnuts growing, of which we culled 
 out the best. 
 
 Nantz is a passable good town, but decayed : 
 some monasteries in it, but none good nor rich. 
 There was in a nunnery, when I was there, a 
 
 * Thus in the MS. ; but query if a mistake of the tran- 
 scriber. 
 
108 MEMOIR OF 
 
 daughter of Secretary Windebank. There is Eng- 
 lish provisions, and of all sorts, cheap and good. 
 We hired a boat to carry us up to Orleans, and 
 we were towed up all the river of Loire so far. 
 Every night we vi^ent on shore to bed, and every 
 morning carried into the boat wine and fruit, and 
 bread, with some flesh, w^hich we dressed in the 
 boat, for it had a hearth, on which we burnt char- 
 coal : we likewise caught carps, which were the 
 fattest and the best I ever eat in my life. And 
 of all ray travels none were, for travel sake as I 
 may call it, so pleasant as this ; for we saw the 
 finest cities, seats, woods, meadows, pastures, and 
 champaign that I ever saw in my life, adorned 
 with the most pleasant river of Loire ; of which, 
 at Orleans, we took our leaves. Arriving, about 
 the middle of November 1650, at Paris, we 
 went, so soon as we could get clothes, to wait 
 on the Queen-Mother and the Princess Henrietta. 
 The Queen entertained us very respectfully, and 
 after many favours done us, and discoursing in 
 private with your father about affairs of state, he 
 received her Majesty's letters to send to the King, 
 who was then on his way to Scotland. We kissed 
 her hand and went to Calais, with resolution that 
 I should go to England, to send my husband more 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 109 
 
 money, for this long journey cost us all we could 
 procure : yet this I will tell you, praised be God 
 for his peculiar grace herein, that your father nor 
 I ever borrowed money nor owed for clothes, nor 
 diet, nor lodging beyond sea in our lives, which 
 was very much, considering the straits we were in 
 many times, and the bad custom our countrymen 
 had that way, which did redound much to the 
 King's dishonour and their own discredit. 
 
 When we came to Calais, my husband sent me 
 to England, and staying himself there, intending, 
 as soon as he had received money, to go and live 
 in Holland until such time as it should please 
 Almighty God to enable him again to wait on his 
 jSIajesty, now in Scotland, both to give him an 
 account of his journey into Spain, as of the rest of 
 his employments since he kissed his hand. But 
 God ordered it otherwise ; for the case being that 
 the two parties in Scotland being both unsatisfied 
 with each other's ministers, and Sir E. Hyde and 
 Secretary Nicholas being excepted against, and 
 left in Holland, it was proposed, the state wanting 
 a Secretary for the King, that your father should 
 be immediately sent for, which was done accord- 
 ingly, and he went with letters and presents from 
 the Princess of Orange, and the Princess Royal. 
 
110 MEMOIR OF 
 
 Here I will show you something of Sir Edward 
 Hyde's nature : he being surprised with this news, 
 and suspecting that my husband might come to a 
 greater power than himself, both because of his 
 parts and integrity, and because himself had been 
 sometimes absent in the Spanish Embassy, he with 
 all the humility possible, and earnest passion, beg- 
 ged my husband to remember the King often of 
 him to his advantage as occasion should serve, and 
 to procure leave that he might wait on the King, 
 promising, with all the oaths that he could express 
 to cause belief, that he would make it his business 
 all the days of his life to serve your father's in- 
 terest in what condition soever he should be in : 
 thus they parted, with your father's promise to 
 serve him in what he was capable of, upon which 
 account many letters passed between them. 
 
 When your father arrived in Scotland, he was 
 received by the King with great expressions of 
 great content ; and after he had given an account 
 of his past employment, he was by the King re- 
 commended to the York party, who received him 
 very kindly, and gave him both the broad seal and 
 signet to keep. 
 
 They several times pressed him to take the Co- 
 venant, but he never did, but followed his busi- 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. Ill 
 
 ness so close, with such diligence and temper, that 
 he was well beloved on all sides, and they reposed 
 great trust in him. When he went out of Hol- 
 land, he wrote to me to arm myself with patience 
 in his absence, and likewise that I would not ex- 
 pect many letters as was his custom, for that was 
 now impossible ; but he hoped, that when we did 
 meet again, it would be happy and of long conti- 
 nuance, and bade me trust God with him, as he did 
 me, in whose mercy he hoped, being upon that 
 duty he was obliged to, with a thousand kind ex- 
 pressions. 
 
 But God knows how great a surprise this was to 
 me, being great with child, and two children with 
 me, not in the best condition to maintain them, 
 and in daily fears of your father upon the private 
 account of animosities amongst themselves in 
 Scotland ; but I did what I could to arm myself, 
 and was kindly visited both by my relations and 
 friends. 
 
 About this time my cousin Evelyn's wife* came 
 
 * Evelyn frequently mentions his " cousin Richard Fan- 
 shawe," in his Diary. On the 6th of February, 1651-2, he 
 says, " I went to visit my cousin Richard Fanshawe, and di- 
 vers other friends ;" and on the 6th of March, in that year, he 
 observes, " My cousin Richard Fanshawe came to visit me, 
 
112 MEMOIR OF 
 
 to London, and had newly buried her mother, my 
 Lady Brown, wife to Sir Richard Brown, that 
 then was resident for the King at Paris. A little 
 before she and I and Doctor Steward, a Clerk of 
 the closet to King Charles the First, christened a 
 daughter of Mr. Waters, near a year old. About 
 this time, Lord Chief Justice Heath died at Calais, 
 and several of the King^s servants at Paris, 
 amongst others Mr. Henry Murray, of his bed- 
 chamber, a very good man. 
 
 I now settled myself in a handsome lodging in 
 London. With a heavy heart I stayed in this 
 lodging almost seven months, and in that time I 
 did not go abroad seven times, but spent my time 
 in prayer to God for the deliverance of the King 
 and my husband, whose danger was ever before 
 my eyes. I was seldom without the best company, 
 and sometimes my father would stay a week, for 
 all had compassion on my condition. I removed 
 to Queen-street, and there in a very good lodging 
 I was upon the 24th of June delivered of a daugh- 
 
 and inform me of many considerable affairs." On the 23rd of 
 November, 1654, he went to London to visit his "cousin Fan- 
 shawe." — Diaryj vol. ii. pp. 48, 49. 98. Lady Brown, Mr. 
 Evelyn's mother-in-law, died at Woodcot, in Kent, towards 
 the end of October 1652.— Ibid. p. 61. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 113 
 
 ter : in ail this time I had but four letters from 
 your father, which made the pain I was in more 
 difficult to bear. 
 
 I went with my brother Fanshawe to Ware 
 Park, and my sister went to Balls, to my father, 
 both intending to meet in the winter ; and so indeed 
 we did with tears ; for the 3rd of September fol- 
 lowing was fought the battle of Worcester, when 
 the King being missed, and nothing heard of your 
 father being dead or alive, for three days it was 
 inexpressible what affliction I was in. I neither 
 eat nor slept, but trembled at every motion I 
 heard, expecting the fatal news, which at last came 
 in their news -book, which mentioned your father 
 a prisoner. 
 
 Then with some hopes I went to London, in- 
 tending to leave my little girl Nan, the companion 
 of my troubles, there, and so find out my husband 
 wheresoever he was carried. But upon my coming 
 to London, I met a messenger from him with a 
 letter, which advised me of his condition, and told 
 me he was very civilly used, and said little more, 
 but that I should be in some room at Charing, 
 cross, where he had promise from his keeper that 
 he should rest there in my company at dinner- 
 time : this was meant to him as a great favour. I 
 
114 MEMOIR OF 
 
 expected him with impatience, and on the day ap- 
 pointed provided a dinner and room, as ordered, 
 in which I was with my father and some of our 
 friends, where, about eleven of the clock, we saw 
 hundreds of poor soldiers, both English and 
 Scotch, march all naked on foot, and many with 
 your father, who was very cheerful in appearance, 
 who after he had spoken and saluted me and his 
 friends there, said, ' Pray let us not lose time, 
 for I know not how little I have to spare. This is 
 the chance of war ; nothing venture, nothing have; 
 so let us sit down and be merry whilst we may.' 
 Then taking my hand in his and kissing me, ' Cease 
 w^eeping, no other thing upon earth can move me : 
 remember we are all at God's disposal.' 
 
 Then he began to tell how kind his Captain was 
 to him, and the people as he passed offered him 
 money, and brought him good things, and particu- 
 larly Lady Denham, at Borstal-house, who w^ould 
 have given him all the money she had in her house, 
 but he returned her thanks, and told her he had 
 so ill kept his own, that he would not tempt his 
 governor with more, but if she would give him a 
 shirt or two, and some handkerchiefs, he would 
 keep them as long as he could for her sake. She 
 fetched him two smocks of her own, and some 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 115 
 
 handkerchiefs, saying she was ashamed to give 
 him them, but, having none of her sons at home, 
 she desired him to wear them. 
 
 Thus we passed the time until order came to 
 carry him to Whitehall, where, in a little room yet 
 standing in the bowling-green, he was kept pri- 
 soner, without the speech of any, so far as they 
 knew, ten weeks, and in expectation of death. 
 They often examined him, and at last he grew so 
 ill in health by the cold and hard marches he had 
 undergone, and being pent up in a room close and 
 small, that the scurvy brought him almost to 
 death's door. 
 
 During the time of his imprisonment, I failed 
 not constantly to go, when the clock struck four in 
 the morning, with a dark lantern in my hand, all 
 alone and on foot, from my lodging in Chancery 
 Lane, at my cousin Young's, to Whitehall, in at 
 the entry that went out of King Street into the 
 bowhng-green. There I would go under his win- 
 dow and softly call him : he, after the first time 
 excepted, never failed to put out his head at the 
 first call: thus we talked together, and sometimes 
 I was so wet with the rain, that it went in at my 
 neck and out at my heels. He directed me how 
 I should make my addresses, which I did ever to 
 
116 MEMOIR OF 
 
 their general, Cromwell, who had a great respect 
 for your father, and would have bought him off 
 to his service upon any terms. 
 
 Being one day to solicit for my husband's 
 liberty for a time, he bade me bring the next day a 
 certificate from a physician, that he was really ill. 
 Immediately I went to Dr. Bathurst, that was by 
 chance both physician to Cromwell and to our 
 family, who gave me one very favourable in my 
 husband's behalf. I delivered it at the Council 
 Chamber, at three of the clock that afternoon, as 
 he commanded me, and he himself moved, that 
 seeing they could make no use of his imprison- 
 ment, whereby to lighten them in their business, 
 he might have his liberty upon four thousand 
 pounds bail, to take a course of physic, he being 
 dangerously ill. Many spake against it, but most 
 Sir Henry Yane, who said he would be as instru- 
 mental, for aught he knew, to hang them all that 
 sat there, if ever he had opportunity, but if he 
 had liberty for a time, that he might take the en- 
 gagement before he went out : upon which Crom- 
 well said, ' I never knew that the engagement^ was 
 a medicine for the scorbutic' They, hearing their 
 
 * Cromwell probably meant to pmi upon this word. — In 
 Ireland, " engagement" means an issue ; " an engagement in 
 the neck/' arm, &c. i. e. an issue in those places. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 117 
 
 General say so, thought it obliged him, and so 
 ordered him his liberty upon bail. His eldest 
 brother, and sister Bedell, and self, were bound in 
 four thousand pounds ; and the latter end of No- 
 vember he came to my lodgings, at my cousin 
 Young'^s. He there met many of his good friends 
 and kindred ; and my joy was inexpressible, and so 
 was poor Nan's, of whom your poor father was very 
 fond. I forgot to tell you, that when your father 
 was taken prisoner of war, he, before they entered 
 the house where he was, burned all his papers, 
 which saved the lives and estates of many a brave 
 gentleman. 
 
 When he came out of Scotland, he left behind 
 him a box of writings, in which his patent of Ba- 
 ronet was, and his patent of additional arms,* 
 which was safely sent after him, after the happy 
 restoration of the King. You may read your 
 father's demeanour of himself in this affair, wrote 
 
 * A coat of augmentation was granted to Richard Fanshawe, 
 Esq. Remembrancer of the Exchequer, and to his family, by 
 patent, dated at Jersey, 8th of February, 2 Car. II. 1650, being 
 " Cheeky Argent and Azure, a Cross Gules." Grants of that 
 kind to persons who distinguished themselves in the service of 
 the King were very common, and consisted, in most cases, either 
 of the lion of England, a fleur-de-lis, or, as in the instance of 
 Mr. Fanshawe, of the Cross of St. George. Sir Richard was 
 created a Baronet on the 2nd of September 1650. 
 
118 MEMOIR OF 
 
 by his own hand, in a book by itself amongst your 
 books, and it is a great masterpiece, as you will find. 
 
 Within ten days he fell very sick, and the fever 
 settled in his throat and face so violently, that, for 
 many days and nights, he slept no more but as he 
 leaned on my shoulder as I walked : at last, after 
 all the Doctor and Surgeon could do, it broke, 
 and with that he had ease, and so recovered, God 
 be praised ! In 1652, he was advised to go to 
 Bath for his scorbutic that still hung on him, but 
 he deferred his journey until August, because I 
 was delivered on the 30th of July of a daughter. 
 
 At his return, we went to live that winter fol- 
 lowing at Beniield, in Hertfordshire, a house of 
 my niece Fanshawe's. In this winter my husband 
 went to wait on his good friend the Earl of Straf- 
 ford, in Yorkshire ; and there my Lord offered 
 him a house of his in Tankersly Park, which he 
 took, and paid 120/. a year for. When my hus- 
 band returned, we prepared to go in the spring to 
 this place, but were so confined, that my husband 
 could not stir five miles from home without leave. 
 About February following, my brother Neuce 
 died, at his house at Much Hadham, in Hertford- 
 shire. My sister, Margaret Harrison, desired to go 
 to London, and there we left her ; she soon after 
 
LADY FAMSHAWE. 119 
 
 married Mr. Edmund Turner, afterwards Sir Ed- 
 mund. 
 
 In March we with our three children, Anne, 
 Richard, and Betty, went into Yorkshire, where 
 we Hved a harmless country life, minding only the 
 country sports and country affairs. Here my 
 husband translated Luis de Camoens ; and on 
 October 8th, 1653, I was delivered of my daugh- 
 ter Margaret. I found all the neighbourhood 
 very civil and kind upon all occasions ; the place 
 plentiful and healthful, and very pleasant, but 
 there was no fruit : we planted some, and my 
 Lord Strafford says now, that what we planted is 
 the best fruit in the North. 
 
 The house of Tankersly and Park are both 
 very pleasant and good, and we lived there with 
 great content ; but God had ordered it should not 
 last, for upon the 20th of July 1654, at three 
 o'clock in the afternoon, died our most dearly 
 beloved daughter Ann, whose beauty and wit 
 exceeded all that ever I saw of her age. She was 
 between nine and ten years old, very tall, and the 
 dear companion of my travels and sorrows. She 
 lay sick but five days of the small-pox, in which 
 time she expressed so many wise and devout say- 
 ings, as is a miracle for her years. We both 
 
120 MEMOIR OF 
 
 wished to have gone into the same grave with her. 
 She lies buried in Tankersly church; and her 
 death made us both desirous to quit that fatal 
 place to us ; and so the week after her death we 
 did, and came to Hamerton, and were half a year 
 with my sister Bedell. Then my husband was 
 sent for to London, there to stay, by command of 
 the High Court of Justice, and not to go five 
 miles from that town, but to appear once a month 
 before them. We then went again to my cousin 
 Young's, in Chancery Lane : and about Christmas 
 my husband got leave to go to Frog-Pool, in 
 Kent, to my brother Warwick's ; where, upon the 
 22nd of February 1655, I was delivered of a 
 daughter, whom we named Ann, to keep in re- 
 membrance her dear sister, whom we had newly 
 lost. We returned to our lodgings in Chancery 
 Lane, where my husband was forced to attend 
 till Christmas 1655 ; and then we went down to 
 Jenkins, to Sir Thomas Fanshawe's ; but upon 
 New Year's day my husband fell very sick, and 
 the scorbutic again prevailed, so much that it 
 drew his upper lip awry, upon which we that day 
 came to London, into Chancery Lane, but not to 
 my cousin Young's, but to a house we took of 
 Sir George Carey, for a year. There by the 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 121 
 
 advice of Doctor Bathurst and Doctor Ridgley, 
 my husband took physic for two months together, 
 and at last, God be praised ! he perfectly recovered 
 his sickness, and his lip was as well as ever. 
 
 In this house, upon the 12th day of July in 
 1656, 1 was delivered of a daughter, named Mary ; 
 and in this month died my second daughter, 
 Elizabeth, that I had left with my sister Boteler, 
 at Frog-Pool, to see if that air would recover her ; 
 but she died of a hectic fever, and lies buried in 
 the church of Foots Cray. My husband, weary 
 of the town, and being advised to go into the 
 country for his health, procured leave to go in 
 September to Bengy, in Hertford, to a little house 
 lent us by my brother Fanshawe. 
 
 It happened at that time there was a very ill 
 kind of fever, of which many died, and it ran 
 generally through all families : this we and all our 
 family fell sick of, and my husband's and mine 
 after some months turned to quartan agues; but 
 I being with child, none thought I could live, for 
 I was brought to bed of a son in November,* ten 
 weeks before my time ; and thence forward until 
 April 1658, 1 had two fits every day, that brought 
 me so low that I was like an anatomy. I never 
 * " This son, Henry, lies buried in Bengy church." 
 G 
 
122 MEMOIR OF 
 
 Stirred out of my bed seven months, nor during 
 that time eat flesh, nor fish, nor bread, but sage 
 posset drink, and pancake or eggs, or now and 
 then a turnip or carrot. Your father was likewise 
 very ill, but he rose out of his bed some hours 
 daily, and had such a greediness upon him, that 
 he would eat and drink more than ordinary per- 
 sons that eat most, though he could not stand up- 
 right without being held, and in perpetual sweats, 
 and that so violent that it ran down day and night 
 like water. This I have told you that you may 
 see how near dying we were ; for which recovery 
 I humbly praise God. He got leave in August to 
 go to Bath, v/hich, God be praised ! perfectly re- 
 covered us, and so we returned into Hertfordshire, 
 to the Friary of Ware, which we hired of Mrs. 
 Heydon for a year. This place we accounted 
 happy to us, because in October we heard the 
 news of Cromwell's death, upon which my hus- 
 band began to hope that he should get loose of his 
 fetters, in which he had been seven years ; and 
 going to London, in company with my Lord 
 Philip, Earl of Pembroke, he lamented his case 
 of his bonds to him that was his old and con- 
 stant friend. He told him that if he would dine 
 with him the next day, he would give him some 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 123 
 
 account of that business. The next day he said 
 to him, ' Mr. Fanshawe, I must send my eldest 
 son into France; if you will not take it ill that 
 I desire your company with him and care of him 
 for one year, I will procure you your bonds 
 within this week." My husband was overjoyed to 
 get loose upon any terms that were innocent, so, 
 having seen his bonds cancelled, he went into 
 France to Paris, from whence he by letter gave an 
 account to Lord Chancellor Clarendon of his being 
 got loose, and desired him to acquaint his Majesty 
 of it, and to send him his commands, which was 
 about April 1659. He did to this effect, that his 
 Majesty was then going a journey, which after- 
 wards proved to Spain ; but upon his return, 
 which would be about the beginning of winter, 
 my husband should come to him, and that he 
 should have, in present, the place of one of the 
 Masters of Request, and the Secretary of -the 
 Latin Tongue. Then my husband sent me word 
 of this, and bade me bring my son Richard, and 
 my eldest daughters with me to Paris, for that he 
 intended to put them to a very good school that 
 he had found at Paris. We went as soon as I 
 could possibly accommodate myself with money 
 and other necessaries, with my three children, one 
 G 2 
 
124 MEMOIR OF 
 
 maid, and one man. I could not go without a 
 pass, and to that purpose I went to my cousin 
 Henry Nevill,* one of the High Court of Justice, 
 where he was then sitting at Whitehall. I told 
 him my husband had sent for me and his son, to 
 place him there, and that he desired his kindness 
 to help me to a pass : he went in to the then mas- 
 ters, and returned to me, saying, ' that by a trick 
 my husband had got his liberty, but for me and 
 his children, upon no conditions we should not 
 stir.' I made no reply, but thanked my cousin 
 Henry Nevill, and took my leave. I sat me down 
 in the next room, full sadly to consider what I 
 should do, desiring God to help m.e in so just a 
 cause as I then was in. I began and thought if I 
 were denied a passage then, they would ever after 
 be more severe on all occasions, and it might be 
 very ill for us both. T was ready to go, if I had 
 a pass, the next tide, and might be there before 
 they could suspect I was gone : these thoughts 
 put this invention in my head. 
 
 At Wallingford House, the Office was kept 
 
 * He was her cousin, being the second son of Sir Harry 
 Neville the younger, of Billingbere, in Essex, by Elizabeth, 
 daughter of Sir John Smythe, of Ostenhanger, sister to the first 
 Viscount Strangford. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 125 
 
 where they gave passes : thither I went in as 
 plain a way and speech as I could devise, leaving 
 my maid at the gate, who was much a finer gen- 
 tlewoman than myself. With as ill mien and tone 
 as I could express, I told a fellow I found in the 
 Office that I desired a pass for Paris, to go to my 
 husband. ' Woman, what is your husband, and 
 your name ?' ' Sir,' said I, with many courtesies, 
 * he is a young merchant, and my name is Ann 
 Harrison.' ' Well," said he, ' it will cost you a 
 crown :' — said I, ' That is a great sum for me, but 
 pray put in a man, my maid, and three children.' 
 All which he immediately did, telling me a malig- 
 nant would give him five pounds for such a pass. 
 
 I thanked him kindly, and so went immediately 
 to my lodgings ; and with my pen I made the 
 great H of Harrison, two ff, and the rrs, an n, 
 and the i, an 5, and the s, an h, and the o, an a, 
 and the n, a w, so completely, that none could 
 find out the change. With all speed I hired a 
 barge, and that night at six o'clock I went to 
 Gravesend, and from thence by coach to Dover, 
 where, upon my arrival, the searchers came and 
 demanded my pass, which they were to keep for 
 their discharge. When they had read it, they 
 said, ' Madam, you may go when you please ;' but 
 
126 MEMOIR OF 
 
 says one, ' I little thought they would give a 
 pass to so great a malignant, especially in so trou- 
 blesome a time as this.' 
 
 About nine o'clock at night I went on board the 
 packet-boat, and about eight o'clock in the morn- 
 ing landed safe, God be praised ! at Calais. I 
 went to Mr. Booth's, an English merchant, and a 
 very honest man. There I rested two days ; but 
 upon the next day he had advice from Dover, that 
 a post was sent to stay me from London, because 
 they had sent for me to my lodgings by a mes- 
 senger of the Court, to know why, and upon what 
 business, I went to France. Then I discovered to 
 him my invention of the changing my name, at 
 which as at their disappointment we all laughed, 
 and so did your father, and as many as knew 
 the deceit. We hired a waggon-coach, for there 
 is no other at Calais, and began our journey 
 about the beginning of June 1659. 
 
 Coming one night to Abbeville, the Governor 
 sent his Lieutenant to me, to let me know my 
 husband was well the week before, that he had 
 seen him at Paris, and had promised him to take 
 care of me in my going through his government, 
 there being much robbery daily committing ; 
 that he would advise me take care of the gar- 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 127 
 
 rison soldiers, and giving them a pistole a piece, 
 they would convey me very safely. This, he said, 
 the Governor would have told me himself, but 
 that he v^as in bed with the gout : I thanked 
 him, and accepted his proffer. The next morning- 
 he sent me ten troopers well armed, and when I 
 had gone about four leagues, as we ascended a 
 hill, says some of these, ' Madam, look out, but 
 fear nothing.' They rid all up to a well-mounted 
 troop of horse, about fifty or more, which, after 
 some parley, wheeled about into the woods again. 
 When we came upon the hill, I asked how it Avas 
 possible so many men so well armed should turn, 
 having so few to oppose them ; at which they 
 laughed, and said, ' Madam, we are all of a com- 
 pany, and quarter in this town. The truth, is, 
 our pay is short, and we are forced to keep our- 
 selves this way ; but we have this rule, that if we 
 in a party guard any compan}^, the rest never mo- 
 lest them, but let them pass free.' 
 
 I having passed all danger, as they said, gave 
 them a pistole each man, and so left them and 
 v\rent on my journey, and met my husband at St. 
 Dennis, God be praised ! The 20th day of Octo- 
 ber, my then only son died of the small-pox ; he 
 lies buried in the Protestant Church, near Paris, 
 
128 ' MEMOIR OF 
 
 between the Earl of Bristol and Doctor Steward. 
 Both my eldest daughters had the small-pox at 
 the same time, and though I neglected them, and 
 day and night attended my dear son, yet it pleased 
 God they recovered and he died, the grief of which 
 made me miscarry, and caused a sickness of three 
 weeks. 
 
 After this, in the beginning of November, the 
 King came to visit his mother, who was at her 
 own house at Combes, two leagues from Paris, and 
 thither went my husband and myself. I had not 
 seen him in almost twelve years : he told me that 
 if it pleased God to restore him to his kingdoms, 
 my husband should partake of his happiness in as 
 great a share as any servants he had. Then he 
 asked me many questions of England, and fell into 
 discourse with my husband privately two hours, 
 and then commanded him to follow him to Flan- 
 ders. His Majesty went the next day, my hus- 
 band that day month, which was the beginning of 
 December. I went with our family to Calais, and 
 my husband sent me privately to London for 
 money in January. I returned him one hundred 
 and fifty pounds, with which he went to the King, 
 and I followed to Newport, Bruges, and Ghent, 
 and to Brussels, where the King received us very 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 129 
 
 graciously, with the Princess Royal and the Dukes 
 of York and Gloucester. After staying three 
 weeks at Brussels, we went to Breda, where we 
 heard the happy news of the King's return to 
 England. In the beginning of May we went with 
 all the Court to the Hague, where I first saw the 
 Queen of Bohemia, who was exceeding kind to all 
 of us. Here the King and all the Royal Family 
 were entertained at a very great supper by the 
 States; and now business of state took up much 
 time. 
 
 The King promised my husband he should be 
 one of the Secretaries of State, and both the now 
 Duke of Orraond, and the Lord Chancellor Cla- 
 rendon, were witnesses of it, yet that false man 
 made the King break his word for his own accom- 
 modation, and placed Mr. Norris, a poor country 
 gentleman of about two hundred pounds a-year, a 
 fierce Presbyterian, and one that never saw the 
 King's face : but still promises were made of the 
 reversion to your father. 
 
 Upon the King's restoration, the Duke of York, 
 then made Admiral, appointed ships to carry over 
 the company and servants of the King, who were 
 very great. His Highness appointed for my hus- 
 band and his family a third-rate frigate, called the 
 G 5 
 
130 MEMOIR OF 
 
 Speedwell ; but his Majesty commanded my hus- 
 band to wait on him in his own ship. We had 
 by the States' order sent on board to the King's 
 most eminent servants, great store of provisions : 
 for our family we had sent on board the Speedwell 
 a tierce of claret, a hogshead of Rhenish wine, six 
 dozen of fowls, a dozen of gammons of bacon, a 
 great basket of bread, and six sheep, two dozen of 
 neat's tongues, and a great box of sweetmeats. 
 Thus taking our leaves of those obliging persons 
 we had conversed with in the Hague, we went on 
 board upon the 23rd of May, about two o'clock in 
 the afternoon. The King embarked at four of 
 the clock, upon which we set sail, the shore being 
 covered with people, and shouts from all places of 
 a good voyage, which was seconded with many 
 volleys of shot interchanged : so favourable was 
 the wind, that the ships' wherries went from ship 
 to ship to visit their friends all night long. But 
 who can sufficiently express the joy and gallan- 
 try of that voyage, to see so many great ships, 
 the best in the world, to hear the trumpets and 
 all other music, to see near a hundred brave 
 ships sail before the wind with vast cloths and 
 streamers, the neatness and cleanness of the ships, 
 the strength and jollity of the mariners, the gal- 
 lantry of the commanders, the vast plenty of all 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 131 
 
 sorts of provisions; but above all, the glorious 
 majesties of the King and his two brothers, were 
 so beyond man's expectation and expression ! The 
 sea was calm, the moon shone at full, and the sun 
 suffered not a cloud to hinder his prospect of the 
 best sight, by whose light, and the merciful bounty 
 of God, he was set safely on shore at Dover in 
 Kent, upon the 25th* of May, 1660. 
 
 So great were the acclamations and numbers of 
 people, that it reached like one street from Dover 
 to Whitehall : we lay that night at Dover, and 
 the next day we went in Sir Arnold Braem's-|* 
 coach towards London, where on Sunday night 
 we came to a house in the Savoy. My niece, Fan- 
 shawe, then lay in the Strand, where I stood to 
 see the King's entry with his brothers ; surely the 
 most pompous show that ever was, for the hearts 
 of all men in this kingdom moved at his will. 
 
 The next day I went with other ladies of the 
 family to congratulate his Majesty's happy arrival, 
 who received me with great grace, and promised 
 me future favours to my husband and self. His 
 
 * Probably a mistake for the 26th. 
 
 f Of a Dutch family settled at Bridge in Kent. The house 
 at Dover, in which Lady Fanshawe lay, was built by Jacob 
 Braem, and is, or was in Hasted's time, the Custom-house. 
 The family is now extinct. 
 
132 MEMOIR OF 
 
 Majesty gave my husband his picture, set with 
 small diamonds, when he was a child : it is a great 
 rarity, because there never was but one. 
 
 We took a house in Portugal Row, Lincoln's- 
 inn Fields. My husband had not long entered 
 upon his office, but he found an oppression from 
 Secretary Nicholas, to his great vexation, for he, 
 as much as in him lay, engrossed all the petitions, 
 which really, by the foundation, belonged to the 
 Master of the Requests ; and in this he was coun- 
 tenanced by Lord Chancellor Clarendon, his great 
 patron, notwithstanding he had married Sir Tho- 
 mas Aylesbury's daughter, that was one of the 
 Masters of the Requests. 
 
 This year I sent for my daughter Nan from 
 my sister Boteler's, in Kent, where I had left her; 
 and my daughter Mary died in Hertfordshire in 
 August, and lies buried in Hertford church, in my 
 father's vault. 
 
 In the latter end of the summer I miscarried, 
 when I was near half gone with child, of three 
 sons, two hours one after the other. I think it 
 was with the hurry of business I then was in, and 
 perpetual company that resorted to us of all qua- 
 lities, some for kindness and some for their own 
 advantage. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 133 
 
 As that was a time of advantage, so it was of 
 great expense, for on April the 23rd, 1661, the 
 King was crowned, when my husband, being in 
 waiting, rode upon his Majesty's left hand* with 
 very rich foot-cloths, and four men in very rich 
 liveries ; and this year we furnished our house and 
 paid all our debts which we had contracted during 
 the war. 
 
 The 8th day of May following, the King rode 
 to the Parliament, and then my husband rode in 
 the same manner. His Majesty had commanded 
 my husband to execute the place of the Chancel- 
 lor of the Garter, both because he understood it 
 better than any, and was to have the reversion of 
 it. The first feast of St. George, my husband 
 was proxy for the Earl of Bristol, and was in- 
 stalled for him Knight of the Garter. The Duke 
 of Buckingham put on his robes, and the Duke of 
 Ormond his spurs, in the stall of the Earl of 
 Bristol. 
 
 Now it was the business of the Chancellor to 
 put your father as far from the King as he could, 
 
 * Evelyn says, that at the coronation of Charles the Second 
 were "Two persons, representing the Dukes of Normandy and 
 Aquitaine, viz. Sir Richard Fanshawe and Sir Herbert Price, 
 in fantastic habits." — Diary, vol. ii. p. 168. 
 
134 MEMOIR OF 
 
 because his ignorance in state affairs was daily dis- 
 covered by your father, who showed it to the 
 King ; but at that time the King was so content 
 that he should almost and alone manage his af- 
 fairs, that he might have more time for his plea- 
 sure, that his faults were not so visible as other- 
 wise they would have been, and afterwards proved. 
 But now he sends to your father and tells him 
 that he was, by the King's particular choice, re- 
 solved on to be sent to Lisbon with the King's 
 letter and picture to the Princess, now our Queen, 
 which then, indeed, was an employment any noble- 
 man would be glad of; but the design from that 
 time forth was to fix him here. 
 
 When your father was gone on this errand, I 
 stayed in our house in Portugal Row, and at 
 Christmas I received the New Year's gifts belong- 
 ing to his places, which is the custom, of two tuns 
 of wine at the Custom-house, for Master of Re 
 quests, and fifteen ounces of gilt plate at the 
 Jewel-house, as Secretary of the Latin Tongue. 
 
 At the latter end of Christmas my husband re- 
 turned from Lisbon, and was very well received 
 by the King ; and upon the 22nd of February fol- 
 lowing I was delivered of my daughter Elizabeth. 
 
 Upon the 8th of June,* 1662, my husband was 
 * Query, 8th o^ January. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 135 
 
 made a Privy Councillor of Ireland; and some 
 time after my Lord and Lady Ormond went into 
 Ireland, and upon my taking leave of her Grace, 
 she gave me a turquoise and diamond bracelet, 
 and my husband a fasset* diamond ring. I never 
 parted from her upon a journey but she ever 
 gave me some present. When her daughter, the 
 Lady Mary Cavendish, was married, none were 
 present but his grandmother and father, and my 
 husband and self; they were married in my Lord 
 Duke's lodging in Whitehall, and given by the 
 King, who came privately without any train.-f* 
 
 As soon as the King had notice of the Queen's 
 landing, he immediately sent my husband that 
 night to welcome her Majesty on shore, and fol- 
 lowed himself the next day ; and upon the 21st of 
 May the King married the Queen at Portsmouth, 
 in the presence-chamber of his Majesty's house- 
 There was a rail across the upper part of the 
 room, in which entered only the King and Queen, 
 the Bishop of London, the Marquis De Sande, 
 the Portuguese Ambassador, and my husband : in 
 
 * A diamond cut into facets ; a brilliant. 
 
 t According to Collins' Peerage, Mary, second daughter of 
 James Duke of Ormond, married William Cavendish, ninth 
 Duke of Devonshire, at Kilkenny in Ireland, on the 27th of 
 October, 1662. Lady Fanshawe's statement proves that he 
 was mistaken. 
 
136 MEMOIR OF 
 
 the other part of the room there were many of the 
 nobility and servants to their Majesties. The 
 Bishop of London declared them married in the 
 name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the 
 Holy Ghost; and then they caused the ribbons 
 her Majesty wore to be cut in little pieces, and, as 
 far as they would go, every one had some.* 
 
 Upon the 29th of May their Majesties came to 
 Hampton Court, where was all that pretended to 
 her Majesty's service, and all the King's servants, 
 ladies and other persons of quality, who received 
 her Majesty in several rooms, according to their 
 several qualifications. 
 
 The next morning, about eleven o'clock, the 
 Duchess of Ormond and her daughter, the now 
 Lady Cavendish, and myself, went to wait on her 
 Majesty as soon as her Majesty was dressed; 
 where I had the honour from the King, who was 
 then present, to tell the Queen who I was, say- 
 ing many kind things of me to ingratiate me 
 with her Majesty, whereupon her Majesty gave 
 her hand to me to kiss, with promises of her fu- 
 
 * As it must be inferred that Lady Fanshawe derived her 
 information from her husband, who, she says, was present, her 
 account of the ceremony is deserving of attention, because some 
 doubts have been entertained as to the manner in which it was 
 solemnized. — See Bishop Kenneii's Hisiorical Register, p. 693. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 137 
 
 ture favour. After this we remained in Hampton 
 Court, in the Requests' lodgings, my husband 
 being then in waiting until the 10th day of Au- 
 gust, upon which day he received his despatches 
 for Ambassador to Portugal. 
 
 His Majesty was graciously pleased to promise 
 my husband his picture, which afterwards we re- 
 ceived, set with diamonds, to the value of three or 
 four hundred pounds, his Majesty having been 
 pleased to give my husbaod, at his first going to 
 Portugal, his picture at length, in his garter- 
 robes: my husband had also by his Majesty's 
 order, out of the wardrobe, a crimson velvet cloth 
 of state, fringed and laced with gold, with a chair, 
 a footstool, and cushions, and two other stools of 
 the same, with a Persian carpet to lay under them, 
 and a suit of fine tapestry hanging for that room, 
 with two velvet altar cloths for the chapel, and 
 fringed with gold, with surplices, altar cloths, 
 and napkins, of fine linen, with a Bible, in Ogle- 
 by's print and cuts, two Common Prayer-books, 
 in folio and quarto, with eight hundred ounces of 
 gilt plate, and four thousand ounces of white 
 plate; but there wanted a velvet bed, which he 
 should have had by custom. 
 
 Thus having perfected the ceremonies of taking 
 
138 MEMOIR OF 
 
 leave of their Majesties, and receiving their com- 
 mands, and likewise taking our leaves of our 
 friends, as I said, upon Sunday the 10th of Au- 
 gust we took our journey to Portugal,* carrying 
 our three daughters with us, Katherine, Margaret, 
 and Ann. This night we lay at Windsor, where, 
 on Monday the 11th, in the morning, we went to 
 prayers to the King's Chapel with Doctor Hea- 
 vers, my husband's Chaplain. On our return we 
 were visited by the Provost of Eton, and divers 
 others of the clergy of that place, and Sir Thomas 
 Woodcock, the chief commander of that place, in 
 the absence of Lord Mordaunt, Lord Constable of 
 Windsor Castle. 
 
 Upon the desire of some there, my husband left 
 some of his coats-of-arms, which he carried with 
 him for that purpose, as the custom of ambassa- 
 dors is, to dispose of 'vhere they lodge.-j- 
 
 That night we lay at Bagshot; Tuesday the 
 12th, we dined at Basingstoke, and lay at Ando- 
 ver ; Wednesday the 13th, we dined at Salisbury, 
 and there lay that night, and borrowed in the 
 
 * Evelyn says, " 5th of August 1662, to London, and next 
 day to Hampton Court, and took leave of Sir R. Fanshawe, 
 now going Ambassador to Portugal." — Diary y vol. ii. p. 195. 
 
 f This custom is still retained in the instances of the Lords 
 Lieutenant of Ireland. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 139 
 
 afternoon the Dean of Westminster's coach, being 
 wiUing to ease all our own horses for half a day? 
 having a long journey to go. 
 
 We went in the Dean's coach to see Wilton, 
 being but two miles from Salisbury. We found 
 Lord Herbert at home; he entertained us with 
 great civility and kindness, and gave my husband 
 a very fine greyhound bitch : his father, the Earl 
 of Pembroke, being then at London. We visited 
 the famous church, and at our return to our lodg- 
 ings, were visited by the Right Reverend Father 
 in God, Doctor Henchman, the Bishop of that 
 place, and Doctor Holies, the Dean of that place, 
 and Doctor Earle, Dean of Westminster, since, by 
 the former Bishop's remove to the See of London, 
 now Bishop of Salisbury. 
 
 On Thursday the 14th, my husband and I, 
 with our children, having bagged of the Bishop 
 his blessing at his own house, dined at Blandford, 
 in Dorsetshire. Sir William Portman hath a very 
 fine seat within a mile of it. We lodged that 
 night at Dorchester : on Friday the 15th we lay 
 at Axminster, and Saturday the 16th at Exeter, 
 and went to prayers at the Cathedral church, ac- 
 companied by the principal divines of that place. 
 On Sunday the 17th, we stayed all that day, and 
 
140 MEMOIR OP 
 
 on Monday the 18th, we lay at a very ill lodging, 
 of which I have forgotten the name ; and on 
 Tuesday the 19th, we went to Plymouth, where, 
 within six miles of the town, we were met by some 
 of the chief merchants of that place, and of the 
 chief officers of that garrison, who all accompanied 
 us to the house of one Mr. Tyler, a merchant. 
 
 Upon our arrival, the Governor of that garrison^ 
 one Sir John Skelton, visited us, and did us the fa- 
 vour to keep us company, with many of his officers, 
 during our stay in that town. Sir John Hele, as 
 soon as he heard of our being there, sent my hus- 
 band a fat buck ; and my cousin Edgcombe, of 
 Mount Edgcombe, a mile from Plymouth, sent 
 him another buck, and came, as soon as he heard 
 we were there, from a house of his twelve miles 
 from Mount Edgcombe, to which he came only 
 to keep us company. From whence, the next day 
 after his arrival, he with his Lady, and Sir Rich- 
 ard Edgcombe, his eld-est son, and others of his 
 children, came to visit us at Plymouth ; and the 
 day after we dined at Mount Edgcombe, where we 
 were very nobly treated. At our coming home, 
 they would need accompany us over the river to 
 our lodgings. The next day the Mayor and Alder- 
 men came to visit my husband ; and the next day 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. ]41 
 
 we had a great feast at Mr. Scale's house, the 
 father of our landlord. Our being so well lodged 
 and treated by the inhabitants of this town was 
 upon my father's score, whose deputies some of 
 them were, he being one of the Farmers of the 
 Custom-house to receive the King's customs of 
 that port. 
 
 On Sunday the 30th , the wind coming fair, we 
 embarked, accompanied by my cousin Edgcombe 
 and all his family, and with much company of the 
 town, that would show their kindness until the 
 last. Taking our leave of our landlord and land- 
 lady, we gave her twenty pieces of gold to buy 
 her a ring, and they presented my children with 
 many pretty toys. Thus, on Monday at nine 
 o'clock in the morning, we were received on board 
 the Ruby frigate, commanded by Captain Robin- 
 son. We had very many presents sent us on 
 board by divers gentlemen, among which my 
 cousin Edgcombe sent us a brace of fat bucks, 
 three milk goats, wine, ale and beer, with fruit of 
 several sorts, biscuit and sweetmeats. 
 
 On Monday the 31st of August 1662, we set 
 sail for Lisbon, and landed the 14th of September, 
 our style, between the Conde de St. Laurence's 
 house and Belem, God be praised ! all in good 
 
142 MEMOIR OF 
 
 health. As soon as we had anchored, the English 
 Consul, with the merchants, came on board us ; 
 but we went presently to a house of the Duke of 
 Aveiros, where my husband was placed by his 
 Majesty when he was therQ before, in which he 
 had then left his chief Secretary and one other, 
 with some others of his family. The first that 
 visited incognito there, for he was not to own any 
 till he had made his entry, was the King of Por- 
 tugal's Secretary, Antonio de Sousa : there came 
 about that time also the Earl of Inchiquin, and 
 Count Schomberg, to visit us. The jgth day, my 
 husband went privately on board the frigate, in 
 which he came with all his family ; to whom the 
 King sent a nobleman to receive him on shore, 
 with his own and Queen-mother^s, and very many 
 coaches of the nobility. As soon as they met, 
 there passed great salutations of cannons from^ the 
 ships to the frigate in which my husband came, 
 and from our ships to the King's forts, and from 
 all the forts innumerable shots returned again. 
 
 So soon as my husband landed, he entered the 
 King's coach, and the nobleman that fetched him, 
 whose name I have forgot. Before him went the 
 English Consul, with all the merchants ; on his 
 right hand went four pages ; on the left side the 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 14)3 
 
 coach, by the horses' heads, eight footmen all 
 clothed in rich livery ; in the coach that followed 
 went my husband's own gentlemen, after the 
 coach of state empty, and those that did him the 
 favour to accompany him : thus they went to the 
 house where my husband lodged. The King 
 entertained him with great plenty of provisions 
 in all kinds, three suppers and three dinners, and 
 all manner of utensils belonging thereunto, as the 
 custom of that country is. 
 
 Their Majesties did for some time furnish the 
 house, till my husband could otherwise provide 
 himself in town. The Abadessa of the Alcantara, 
 niece to the Queen-mother, natural daughter of 
 the Duke de Medina Sidonia, sent to welcome me 
 into the country a very noble present of perfumes, 
 waters, and sweetmeats ; and during my abode at 
 Lisbon we often made visits and interchanged 
 messages, to my great content, for she was a very 
 fine lady. On the ^th, one Mr. Bridgewood, a mer- 
 chant, sent me a silver basin and ewers for a present? 
 
 On the 10th of October, stilo novo, my hus- 
 band had his audience of his Majesty in his pa- 
 lace, at Lisbon ; going in the King's coach with 
 the same nobleman and in the same form as he 
 made his entry. The King received him with 
 
144 MEMOIR OF 
 
 great kindness and respect, much to his satis- 
 faction. On the 11th, Don Joam de Sousa, the 
 Queen's Vidor, came from her Majesty to us 
 both to welcome us into the country. On the 
 13th, her Majesty sent her chief coach, accompa- 
 nied by other coaches, to fetch my husband to the 
 audience of her Majesty, where she received him 
 very graciously ; and the same day he had audi- 
 ence of Don Pedro, the King's brother, at his own 
 palace. Saturday, the 14th, her Majesty sent her 
 best coach for me and my children. When we 
 came there, the Captain of the Guard received me 
 at the foot of the stairs ; all my people going 
 before me, as the custom is. On each side were 
 the guards placed, with halberds in their hands, 
 as far as the presence-chamber door. There I 
 was received by the Queen's Lord Chamberlain, 
 who carried me to the door of the next room, 
 vrhere the Queen was. Then the Queen's prin- 
 cipal lady, as our groom of the stole, received me, 
 telling me she had command from the Queen to 
 bid me welcome to that Court, and to accompany 
 me to her Majesty's presence. She sat in the 
 next room, which was very large, in a black velvet 
 chair, with arms, upon a black velvet carpet, with 
 a state of the same. She had caused a low chair, 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 145 
 
 without arms, to be set at some distance from her, 
 about two yards on her left hand, on which side 
 stood all the noblemen ; on her right, all the 
 ladies of the Court. 
 
 After making my reverences due to her Ma- 
 jesty, according to custom, and said those respects 
 which became me to her Majesty, she sat down ; 
 and when I presented my daughters to her, she, 
 having expressed much grace and favour to me 
 and mine, bade me sit down, which at first I 
 refused, desiring to wait on her Majesty, as my 
 Queen's mother ; but she pressing me again, I sat 
 down ; and then she made her discourse of Eng- 
 land, and asked questions of the Queen's health 
 and liking of our country, with some little hints 
 of her own and her family''s condition, which hav- 
 ing continued better than half an hour, I took my 
 leave. During my stay at Court I several times 
 waited on the Queen-Mother ; truly she was a very 
 honourable, wise woman, and I believe had been 
 very handsome. She was magnificent in her dis- 
 course and nature, but in the prudentest manner ; 
 she was ambitious, but not vain ; she loved go- 
 vernment, and I do believe the quitting of it did 
 shorten her life. 
 
 After saluting the ladies and noblemen of the 
 
 H 
 
146 MEMOIR OF 
 
 Court, I went home as I came. The next day 
 the Secretary of State and his Lady came to visit 
 me : she had, at mjr arrival, sent me a present of 
 sweetmeats. My husband had left in this person''s 
 family one of his pages to improve himself in 
 writing and reading the Spanish tongue, until his 
 return again to that Court, when he went the last 
 year to England, in consideration of which we 
 presented his Lady with a piece of India plate, of 
 about two hundred pounds sterling. They were 
 both very civil, worthy persons, and had formerly 
 been in England, where the King, Charles the 
 First, had made his son an English Baron.* She 
 told me in discourse one day this of a French 
 Ambassador, that had lately been in that Court, 
 and lodged next to her : — 
 
 There was a numerous sort of people about the 
 Ambassador's door, as is usual amongst them. A 
 poor little boy, that his mother had animated daily 
 to cry for relief so troublesomely, that at last the 
 Ambassador would say, ' What noise is that at 
 
 * No record is known to exist of any foreigner liavingbeen 
 created a Peer by Charles the First : nor does it appear likely 
 from the names of persons created Baronets by Charles the 
 First, that Lady Fanshawe could mean Baronet. The splendid 
 and elaborate work entitled the " Memorias Genealogicas da 
 Casa de Sousa," does not advert to the circumstance. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 147 
 
 the gate of perpetual screaming ? I will have it so 
 no more :"* upon which they carried the child to 
 his mother, and bade her keep him at home, for it 
 screamed like a devil, and if it returned, the porter 
 swore he would punish him severely. Not many 
 days after, according to his former custom, the 
 child returned, louder than before, if possible ; 
 the porter keeping his word, took the boy and 
 pulled oiF his rags, and anointed him all over with 
 honey, leaving no part undone, and very thick, 
 and then threw him into a tub of fine feathers, 
 which as soon as he had done, he set him on his 
 legs and frightened him home to his mother, who 
 seeing this thing, for none living could guess him a 
 boy, ran out into the city, the child squeaking after 
 her, and all the people in the streets after them, 
 thinking it was a devil or some strange creature. 
 
 But to return to the business : we were visited 
 by many persons of the Court, some upon busi- 
 ness, and others upon compliment, which is more 
 formal than pleasant, for they are not generally a 
 cheerful people. About February the King in- 
 tended to go into the field and lead his army him- 
 self : during this resolution my husband prepared 
 himself to wait on his Majesty, which cost him 
 much, these kind of expenses in that place being 
 H 2 
 
148 MEMOIR OF 
 
 scarce and very dear ; but the Council would not 
 suffer him to go, and so that ended. The King 
 loved hunting much, and ever when he went 
 would send my husband some of what he killed, 
 which was stag and wild boar, both excellent 
 meat. We kept the Queen^s birthday with great 
 feasting : we had all the English merchants. 
 
 There was, during my stay in this town, a 
 Portugal merchant jealous of his mistress favour- 
 ing an Englishman, whom he entertained with 
 much kindness, hiding his suspicion. One evening 
 he invited him to see a country-house and eat a 
 collation, which he did; after which the merchant, 
 with three or four more of his friends, for a rarity 
 showed him a cave hard by the house, which went 
 in at a very narrow hole, but within was very 
 capacious, in the side of a high mountain. It 
 was so dark that they carried a torch. Says one to 
 the Englishman, ' Did you ever know where bats 
 dwell ?' he replied no; ' Then here. Sir,' say they, 
 ' you shall see them ;■* then, holding up the light 
 to the roof, they saw millions hanging by their 
 legs. So soon as they had done, they, frightening 
 the birds, made them all fly about him, and put- 
 ting out the light ran away, and left the Eng- 
 lishman there to get out as well as he could, 
 which was not until the next morning. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 149 
 
 This winter I fell sick of an aguish distemper, 
 being then with child ; but I believe it was with 
 eating more grapes than I am accustomed to, 
 being tempted by their goodness, especially the 
 Frontiniac, which exceed all I ever eat in Spain 
 and France. 
 
 The beginning of May 1663, there happened 
 in Lisbon an insurrection of the people of the 
 town, about a suspicion, as they pretended, of 
 some persons disaffected to the public; upon 
 which they plundered the Archbishop^s house, and 
 the Marquis of Marialva's house, and broke into 
 the treasury ; but after about ten thousand of 
 these ordinary people had run for six or seven 
 hours about the town, crying 'Kill all that is 
 for the Castile,' they were appeased by their 
 Priests, who carried the Sacrament amongst them, 
 threatening excommunication, which, with the 
 night, made them depart with their plunder. 
 Some few persons were lost, but not many. 
 
 Upon the 10th of June came news to this Court 
 of the total rout of Don John of Austria at the 
 battle of Evora;* after which our house and 
 
 * Pepys speaking of this battle, in which the Portuguese 
 completely defeated the Spaniards, says — "4th July, 1663. 
 Sir Allen Apsley showed the Duke the Lisbon Gazette, in 
 Spanish, where the late victory is set down particularly, and 
 
150 MEMOIR OF 
 
 tables were full of distressed, honest, brave Eng^ 
 lish soldiers, who by their own and their fellows'* 
 valour had got one of the greatest victories that 
 ever was. 
 
 These poor but brave men were almost lost 
 between the Portuguese poverty and the Lord 
 Chancellor Hyde's neglect, not to give it a worse 
 name.* While my husband stayed there, he did 
 what he could, but not proportionably either to 
 their merits or wants. 
 
 About this time my husband sent great assist- 
 ance to the Governor of Tangiers, the Earl of 
 Peterborough then being Governor, whose letters 
 of supplication and thanks for kindness and care, 
 my husband and I have yet to show. 
 
 to the great honour of the English beyond measure. They 
 have since taken back Evora, which was lost to the Spaniards, 
 the English making the assault, and lost not more than three 
 men." — Diary ^ vol. ii. p. 68. 
 
 * It appears however, from Sir Robert Southwell's Account 
 (f Portugal, (p. 138.) that Charles II. was so pleased with the 
 gallantry of his troops at the battle of Evora, (or, as it is mdre 
 commonly called by historians, of Ameixal,) that he caused a 
 gratuity of 40,000 crowns to be distributed among them. It 
 would seem that the " neglect" of which Lady Fanshawe 
 complains, was entirely on the side of the Portuguese. Sir 
 Robert Southwell mentions some curious anecdotes on this 
 subject, particularly with reference to the statement in the 
 Lisbon Gazette, alluded to in the preceding note. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 151 
 
 June the 26th5 I was delivered of a son ten 
 weeks before my time ; he lived some hours, and 
 was christened Richard by our Chaplain, Mr. 
 Marsden, who performed the ceremony of the 
 Church of England at his burial, and then laid 
 him in the Parish Church in which we lived, in 
 the principal part of the chancel. 
 
 The Queen sent to condole with me for the 
 loss of my son, and the Marquis de Castel Melhor, 
 the Marquis de Ni9a, the Condessa de Villa 
 Franca, (Donna Maria e Antonia,) with many 
 other ladies, and several good gentlewomen that 
 were English merchants' wives. 
 
 Several times we saw the Feasts of Bulls, and 
 at them had great voiders of dried sweetmeats 
 brought us upon the King's account, with rich 
 drinks. 
 
 Once we had some dispute about some English 
 Commanders that thought themselves not well 
 enough placed at the show, according to their 
 merit, by the King's officers, which did so ill re- 
 present it to my husband that he was extremely 
 concerned at it. Upon notice being given to the 
 Chief Minister, the Conde de Castel Melhor came 
 from the King to my husband, after having ex- 
 amined the business, and desired that there might 
 be no misunderstanding between the King and 
 
152 MEMOIR OF 
 
 him, that the business was only the impertinence 
 of a servant, and that it might so pass. My hus- 
 band was well satisfied, and presented his most 
 humble acknowledgments to the King for his 
 care and favour to him, as well as the honour 
 he had received. The Conde de Castel Melhor, 
 when he had finished his visit to my husband, 
 came to my apartment, and told me he hoped I 
 took no offence at what had passed at the feast, 
 because the King had heard I was sad to see 
 my husband troubled ; assuring me that his Ma- 
 jesty and the whole Court desired nothing more 
 than that we should receive all content imaginable. 
 I gave him many thanks for the honour of his 
 visit, and desired him to present my humble ser- 
 vice to the King, assuring him, that my husband 
 and I had all the respect imaginable for his Ma- 
 jesty ; true it was, according to the English 
 fashion, I did make a little whine when I saw my 
 husband disordered, but I should ever remain his 
 Majesty's humble servant, with my most humble 
 thanks to his Excellency. And so he returned 
 well satisfied. 
 
 The 14th, the Chief Ministers met my husband 
 in order to his return home for England, and ex- 
 pressed a great trouble to part from him ; they 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 153 
 
 from the King presented my husband with twelve 
 thousand crowns in gold plate, with many com- 
 pliments and favours from the King, whom my 
 husband waited on the next day to receive his 
 Majesty's commands for his Master in England. 
 After giving his Majesty many thanks for the 
 many honours he had received from his Majesty's 
 kind acceptance of his service, he thanked his 
 Majesty for his present, saying that he wished his 
 Majesty's bounteous kindness to him might not 
 prejudice his Majesty, in this example, by the 
 next coming ambassador ; to which his Majesty 
 replied, ' I am sure it cannot, for I shall never 
 have such another ambassador/ Then my hus- 
 band took his leave, performing all those ceremo- 
 nies with the same persons and coaches as he m.ade 
 at his entry. 
 
 Upon the 19th of August my husband and 1 
 took our leaves of the Queen-Mother, at her house, 
 who had commanded all her ladies to give attend- 
 ance, though her Majesty was then in a retired 
 condition. Her Majesty expressed much resent- 
 ment at our leaving the Court ; and after our 
 respects paid to her Majesty, and I receiving her 
 Majesty's commands to our Queen, with a present, 
 I took my leave with the same ceremony of coaches 
 H 5 
 
i54 MEMOIR OF 
 
 and persons as I had waited on her Majesty twice 
 before. 
 
 Upon the 20 th, my husband took his leave of 
 Don Pedro, his Majesty^s brother. The 21st of 
 August, the Secretary of State came to visit me 
 from the King and Queen, wishing me a pros- 
 perous voyage, and presented me with a very 
 noble present. The same day I took my leave of 
 my good neighbour the Condessa de Palma, as I 
 had done of all the ladies of my acquaintance be- 
 fore, who all presented me with fine presents, as 
 did my good neighbour the Countess Santa 
 Graca, who had with her, when I went to take my 
 leave, many persons of quality, that came on pur- 
 pose there to take their leaves of me, and from 
 whom I received great civility, and the Countess 
 gave me a very great banquet. 
 
 On the 23rd of August 1663, we, accompanied 
 by many persons of all sorts, vvrent on board the 
 King of England's frigate, called the Reserve, 
 commanded by Captain Holmes, where, as soon as 
 I was on board, the Conde de Castel Melhor sent 
 me a very great and noble present, a part of 
 which was the finest case of waters that ever I 
 saw, being made of Brazil wood, garnished with 
 silver, the bottles of crystal, garnished with the 
 same, and filled with rich amber- water. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 155 
 
 Lisbon with the river is the goodliest situation 
 that ever I saw ; the city old and decayed ; but 
 they are making new walls of stone, which will 
 contain six times their city. Their churches and 
 chapels are the best built, the finest adorned, and 
 the cleanliest kept, of any churches in the world. 
 The people delight much in quintas, which are a 
 sort of country houses, of which there are abun- 
 dance within a few leagues of the city, and those 
 that belong to the nobility are very fine, both 
 houses and gardens. The nation is generally very 
 civil and obliging. In religion divided, between 
 Papists and Jews. The people generally not 
 handsome. They have many religious houses, and 
 bishopricks of great revenue ; and the religious 
 of both sexes are for the most part very strict. 
 
 Their fruits of all kinds are extraordinary good 
 and fair ; their wine rough for the most part, but 
 very wholesome ; their corn dark and gritty ; 
 wrater bad, except some few springs far from the 
 city. Their flesh of all kinds indifferent ; their 
 mules and asses extraordinary good and large, 
 but their horses few and naught. They have 
 little wood and less grass. 
 
 At my coming away I visited several nunneries, 
 in one whereof I was told, that the last year there 
 was a girl of fourteen years of age burnt for a 
 
156 MEMOIR OF 
 
 Jew. She was taken from her mother as soon as 
 she was born, in prison, her mother being con- 
 demned, and brought up in the Esperan^a : al- 
 though she never heard, as they did to me affirm, 
 what a Jew was, she did daily scratch and whip 
 the crucifixes, and run pins into them in private ; 
 and when discovered confessed it, and said she 
 would never adore that God. 
 
 On Thursday, August 25th* 1663, we set sail 
 for England. On the 4th of September, our 
 style, being Friday, we landed at Deal, all in 
 good health, God be praised ! 
 
 Saturday 5th, we went to Canterbury, and there 
 tarried Sunday, where we went to church, and 
 very many of the gentlemen of Kent came to wel- 
 come us into England. 
 
 And here I cannot omit relating the ensuing 
 story, confirmed by Sir Thomas Barton, Sir Ar- 
 nold Braeme, the Dean of Canterbury, with 
 many more gentlemen and persons of this town. 
 
 There lives not far from Canterbury a gen- 
 tleman, called Colonel Colepeper,t whose mother 
 
 * The 25th of August, 1663, fell on a Tuesday. 
 
 f Lady Barbara, daughter of Robert Sydney, Earl of Leices- 
 ter, and widow of Thomas first Viscount Strangford, married 
 secondly Sir Thomas Colepeper, by whom she had Colonel 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 157 
 
 was widow unto the Lord Strangford : this gen- 
 tleman had a sister, who lived with him, as the 
 world said, in too much love. She married Mr. 
 Porter. This brother and sister being both athe- 
 ists, and living a life according to their profession, 
 went in a frolic into a vault of their ancestors, 
 where, before they returned, they pulled some of 
 their father's and mother''s hairs. Within a very 
 few days after, Mrs. Porter fell sick and died. 
 
 Colepeper, and a daughter, Roberta Anna, who married Major 
 Thomas Porter, and died issueless, June 16th, 1661 , more than 
 two years before Lady Fanshawe was told this story, the cir- 
 cumstances of which she states to have happened only three 
 months previously. The Colonel was a most extraordinary 
 character, and though a man of genius and erudition, was very 
 nearly a madman. A voluminous collection of his MSS. is 
 preserved in the British Museum, whence it appears that he 
 was in the habit of committing his most private thoughts to 
 paper; that there was scarcely a subject to which his attention 
 was not directed ; and that the Government and eminent persons 
 were continually tormented with his projects and discoveries, 
 embracing among others the Longitude. His quarrel with the 
 Earl of Devonshire, which led to the imposition upon that 
 nobleman of the exorbitant fine of 30,000/., is well known. 
 But he was always involved in disputes and law-suits, and 
 not unfrequently he was a prisoner for debt. lie filed 
 affidavits in Chancery, denying his sister's marriage, with the 
 view of justifying his refusal to pay her portion to her hus- 
 band; but the only thing which in any way bears on the 
 anecdote of the vault, is the fact that one of the Colonel's 
 
158 MEMOIR OF 
 
 Her brother kept her body in a coffin set up in 
 his buttery, saying it would not be long before he 
 died, and then they would be both buried to- 
 gether ; but from the night after her death, until 
 the time that we were told the story, which was 
 three months, they say that a head, as cold as 
 death, with curled hair like his sister's, did ever 
 lie by him wherever he slept, notwithstanding he 
 removed to several places and countries to avoid 
 
 conceits was a plan for embalming dead bodies. The hor- 
 rible suspicion alluded to by Lady Fanshawe is unsupported 
 by any other statement, and it may be hoped that she was 
 as misinformed on the subject as she was about the time 
 of Mrs. Porters decease. Part of Colonel Colepeper's papers 
 relate to the particulars of a secret marriage, which he says, 
 in a petition to the Court of Chancery, had taken place 
 between him and the daughter and heiress of Alexander 
 Davies, of Ebury, the widow of Sir Thomas Grosvenor; the 
 unusual engagement into which they entered on the wedding- 
 night ; the pretended capture of the lady by the Algerines ; 
 his correspondence with the French Government to procure 
 her release ; the various attempts to violate her person by 
 one Fordwich; her refusal after her return to England to 
 acknowledge the Colonel as her husband, and his efforts to 
 effect tliat recognition. His wife's letters to him during his 
 imprisonment, which are preserved in the Harleian MS. 7005, 
 and the account of her efforts to procure his release, exhibit 
 proofs of the most touching and devoted affection, and cannot 
 be read without the highest esteem for her character. She 
 was one of the coheiresses of the last Lord Frecheville. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 159 
 
 it ; and several persons told us they had felt this 
 apparition. 
 
 On Monday, the 7th of September, we went to 
 Gravesend, and from thence by water to Dorset 
 House, in Salisbury Court, where we stayed fif- 
 teen days. The 8th of September 1663, within 
 two hours after our arrival, we were visited by 
 very many kindred and friends, amongst whom 
 his Grace of Canterbury, who came the next day 
 and dined with us. The same day came the Bishop 
 of Winchester, as did many others of the greatest 
 clergy in England. 
 
 Upon the 10th of September, my husband went 
 to Bath, to wait upon his Majesty, who was then 
 there : his Majesty graciously received him, and 
 for a confirmation that he approved his service in 
 his negotiation in Portugal, he was pleased to 
 make him a Privy Counsellor. He was also very 
 graciously received by her Majesty the Queen. 
 Being indisposed with a long journey, my husband 
 fell sick, but it continued but two days, thanks be 
 to God ! 
 
 On the 17th he went by Cornbury, where the 
 Lord Chancellor then was, and so to London, and, 
 in his absence, I, on the 16th, took a house in 
 Boswell Court, near Temple Bar, for two years. 
 
160 MEMOIR OF 
 
 immediately moving all my goods thereto, as well 
 those, which were many, that I had left with my 
 sister Turner in her house in my absence, as those 
 that I brought with me out of Portugal, which 
 were seventeen cart-loads. 
 
 Upon Saturday, the 19th, my husband returned 
 from his Majesty, and met me at our new house 
 in Boswell Court. 
 
 On Monday, the 21st, being at a great feast at 
 my sister Turner's, where there met us very many 
 of our friends upon the same invitation, whereof 
 Sir John Cutler was one, who after dinner brought 
 me a box, saying, ' Madam, this was to go to 
 Portugal, but that I heard your Ladyship wras 
 landed.' In it there was a piece of cloth of tissue 
 for me, and ribbons and gloves for my children. 
 Whilst we were at dinner, there came an express 
 from Court, with a warrant to swear my husband 
 a Privy Counsellor, from Sir Henry Bennet. The 
 22nd we went down to Hertfordshire, to my brother 
 Fanshawe's ; 24th we dined at Sir John Wats's, 
 where we were nobly feasted with great kindness, 
 and to add to my content, I there met with my 
 little girl Betty, whom I had left at nurse within 
 two miles of that place, at my going to Portugal, 
 After being entertained at Sir Francis Boteler's, 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 161 
 
 our very good friend, we went to St. Albans to 
 bed, where, the next day, we bought some coach- 
 horses, and on the 26th we returned to London. 
 
 On Tuesday, the 29th, we went again to St. 
 Albans, where my husband bought eight more 
 coach-horses ; the same night we returned to 
 London. 
 
 On the 1st of October, my husband was sworn 
 a Privy Counsellor, in the presence of his Majesty, 
 his Royal Highness, and the greatest part of his 
 Majesty's honourable Privy Council. On the 
 3rd, my husband waited on her Majesty the 
 Queen-Mother, who received him with great kind- 
 ness : the 4th I waited on her Majesty at White- 
 hall, and there delivered the presents which the 
 Queen-Mother of Portugal had sent her Majesty, 
 who received both them and me in her bed-cham- 
 ber, with great expressions of kindness. I stayed 
 with her Majesty about an hour and a half, which 
 she spent in asking questions of her mother, bro- 
 thers, and country ; after which I waited on her 
 Majesty in the drawing-room, whereinto the King 
 entered presently after, and I seeing the King, re- 
 tired to the side of the room, where his Majesty 
 came to me presently, saluting me, and bade me 
 welcome home, with great grace and kindness. 
 
162 MEMOIR OF 
 
 asking me many questions of Lisbon and the 
 country. 
 
 On Sunday the 4th of October, my husband took 
 his place as Privy Counsellor in the Lords^ seat ; 
 likewise this day his Grace of Canterbury took his 
 seat, and the Bishop of Winchester, both in the 
 same place: his Grace of Canterbury did his 
 homage to the King. The same day that my 
 husband was sworn a Privy Counsellor, I waited 
 on the Queen-Mother at Somerset House, and the 
 Duke and Duchess of York at St. James's, who 
 all received me with great cheerfulness and grace. 
 On the 7th, the Lord Mayor invited all the 
 Lords of the Privy Council to dinner, among 
 whom was my husband. 
 
 The 1st of January ^664<, New Year's-day, 
 my husband, as Privy Counsellor, presented his 
 Majesty with ten pieces of gold in a purse ; and 
 the person that carries it hath a ticket given him 
 of the receipt thereof, from the cupboard of Privy 
 Chamber, where it is delivered to the Master of 
 the Jewel-house, who is thereupon to give him 
 twenty shillings for his pains, out of which he is 
 to give to the servant of the Master of the Jewel- 
 house eighteen-pence. 
 
 We received, as the custom is, fifteen ounces 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 163 
 
 of gilt plate for a Privy Counsellor, and fifteen 
 ounces for Secretary of the Latin Tongue ; like- 
 wise we had the impost of four tuns of wine, two 
 for a Privy Counsellor, and two for a Master of 
 Requests. 
 
 January 15th, I took my leave of the King and 
 Queen, who, with great kindness, wished me a 
 good voyage to Spain. Then I waited on the 
 Queen-Mother at Somerset House : her Majesty 
 sent for me into her bed-chamber, and after some 
 discourse I took my leave of her Majesty. After- 
 wards I waited on their Royal Highnesses, who 
 received me with more than ordinary kindness, 
 and after an hour and a half ""s discourse with me, 
 saluted me and gave me leave to depart. 
 
 On Tuesday, January 19th, my husband car- 
 ried the Speaker, Sir Edward Turner's eldest son^ 
 and my brother Turner, to the King, at White- 
 hall, who conferred the honour of knighthood on 
 them both, my husband particularly recommend- 
 ing my brother Turner to his Majesty's grace and 
 honour. 
 
 On the 20th of January my husband took his 
 leave of his Majesty and all the Royal Family, re- 
 ceiving their dispatches and their commands for 
 Spain, from which hour to our going out of town, 
 
164 MEMOIR OF 
 
 day and night, our house was full of kindred and 
 friends taking leave of us ; and on Tuesday the 
 21st5 1664, in the morning, at eight ^o'clock, did 
 rendezvous at Dorset House, in Salisbury Court, 
 in that half of the house which Sir Thomas Fan- 
 shawe then lived in, who entertained us with a 
 » very good breakfast and banquet. The company 
 that came thither was very great, as was likewise 
 that which accompanied us out of town. Thus, 
 with many coaches of our family and friends, we 
 took our journey at ten of the clock towards 
 Portsmouth. 
 
 The company of our family was my husband, 
 myself, and four daughters ; Mr. Bertie, son to 
 - the Earl of Lindsey, Lord Great Chamberlain of 
 England ; Mr. Newport, second son to the Lord 
 Baron Newport ; Sir Benjamin Wright, Baronet ; 
 Sir Andrew King ; Sir Edward Turner, Knight, 
 son to the Speaker of the Commons' House of Par- 
 liament ; and Mr. Francis Godolphin, son to Sir 
 Francis Godolphin, Knight of the Bath. The 
 most part of them went by water. 
 
 We lay the first night at Guildford, the second 
 at Petersfield, the third at Portsmouth, where we 
 stayed till the 31st of the same month, being very 
 civilly used there by the Mayor and his brethren. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 165 
 
 who made my husband a freeman of the town, as 
 their custom is to persons of quality that pass 
 that way ; and likewise we received many favours 
 from the Lieutenant-Governor, Sir Philip Hony- 
 woodj with the rest of the commanders of that 
 garrison. As I said before, we went on board the 
 31st, being Sunday, the Admiral of the Fleet then 
 setting out, Sir John Lawson, Chief Commander, 
 in his Majesty's ship called the Resolution ; there 
 was Captain Berkeley, Commander of the Bristol 
 frigate. Captain Utber, Commander of the Phoe- 
 nix, Captain Feme, Commander of the Ports- 
 mouth, Captain Moon, Commander of the York, 
 and Sir John Lawson's ketch, commanded by 
 Captain King. 
 
 Thus, at ten o'^clock, we set sail with a good 
 wind, which carried us as far as Torbay, and then 
 failed us ; there we lay till Monday the 15th of 
 February, at nine o'clock at night, at which, it 
 pleasing God to give us a prosperous wind, we set 
 sail, and on the 23rd of February, our style, we 
 cast anchor in Cadiz road, in Spain. 
 
 So soon as it was known that we were there, the 
 English Consul with the English merchants all 
 came on board to welcome us to Spain ; and pre- 
 sently after came the Lieutenant-Governor from 
 
166 MEMOIR OF 
 
 the Governor for the time being, Don Diego de 
 Ibara, to give us joy of our arrival, and to ask 
 leave of my husband to visit him, which Don 
 Diego did within two hours after the Lieutenant''s 
 return. The next morning, stilo novo, came in a 
 Levant wind, which blew the fleet so forcibly, 
 that we could not possibly land until Monday, the 
 7th of March, at 10 o'clock in the morning. Then 
 came the Governor, Don Diego de Ibara, aboard, 
 accompanied by most of the persons of quality of 
 that town, with many boats for the conveyance of 
 our family, and a very rich barge, covered with 
 crimson damask fringed with gold, and Persia 
 carpets under foot. So soon as it was day, we set 
 sail to go nearer the shore. We were first saluted 
 by all the ships in the road, and then by all the 
 King of Spain^s forts, v^^hich salutation we return- 
 ed again with our guns. 
 
 My husband received the Governor upon deck, 
 and carried him into the round-house, who, as soon 
 as he was there, told my husband, that contrary 
 to the usage of the King of Spain, his Majesty 
 had commanded that his ships and forts should 
 first salute the King of England's Ambassador, 
 and that his Majesty had commanded that both in 
 that place of Cadiz and in all others to the Court 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 167 
 
 of Madrid, my husband and all his retinue should 
 be entertained upon the King's account, in as full 
 and ample manner, both as to persons and convey- 
 ance of our goods and persons, as if his Majesty 
 were there in person. My husband and self and 
 children went in the barge, the rest in other barges 
 provided for that purpose. 
 
 At our setting off. Sir John Lawson saluted us 
 with very many guns, and as we went near the 
 shore the cannon saluted us in great numbers. 
 When we landed we were carried on shore in a 
 rich chair supported by eight men : we were wel- 
 comed by many volleys of shot, and all the per- 
 sons of quality of that town by the sea-side, among 
 whom was the Governor, did conduct my husband 
 with all his train. There were infinite numbers 
 of people, who with the soldiery did show us all 
 the respect and welcome imaginable. I was re- 
 ceived by his Excellency Don Melchor de la 
 Cueva, the Duke of Albuquerque's brother, and 
 the Governor of the garrison, who both led me 
 four or five paces to a rich sedan, which carried 
 me to the coach where the Governor's lady was, 
 who came out immediately to salute me, and 
 whom, after some compliments, I took into the 
 coach with me and my children. 
 
168 MEMOIR OF 
 
 When we came to the house where we were to 
 lodge, we were nobly treated, and the Governor's 
 wife did me the honour to sup with me. That 
 afternoon the Duke of Albuquerque came to visit 
 my husband, and afterwards me, with his brother 
 Don Melchor de la Cueva. As soon as the Duke 
 was seated and covered, he said, ' Madam, I am 
 Don Juan de la Cueva, Duke of Albuquerque, 
 Viceroy of Milan, of his Majesty's privy council. 
 General of the galleys, twice Grandee, the first 
 Gentleman of his Majesty's bed-chamber, and a 
 near kinsman to his Catholic Majesty, whom God 
 long preserve !' and then rising up and making me 
 a low reverence with his hat off, said, ' These, with 
 my family and life, I lay at your Excellency's 
 feet; 
 
 They were accompanied by a very great train of 
 gentlemen. At his going away, he told me his 
 Lady would suddenly visit me. We had a guard 
 constantly waited on us, and sentries at the gate 
 below and at the stairs' head above. We were 
 visited by all the persons of quality in that town. 
 Our house was richly furnished, both my hus- 
 band's quarter and mine ; the worst chamber and 
 bed in my apartment being furnished with da- 
 mask, in which my chambermaid lay ; and 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 169 
 
 throughout all the chambers the floors were co- 
 vered with Persia carpets. The richness of the 
 gilt and silver plate, which we had in great abun- 
 dance, as we had likewise of all sorts of very fine 
 household linen, was fit only for the entertainment 
 of so great a Prince as his Majesty, our Master, 
 in the representation of whose person my husband 
 received this great entertainment ; yet, I assure 
 you, notwithstanding this temptation, that your 
 father and myself both wished ourselves in a re- 
 tired country life in England, as more agreeable 
 to both our inclinations. 
 
 I must not forget here the ceremony the Go- 
 vernor used to my husband. After supper, the 
 Governor brought the keys of the town to my 
 husband, saying, ' Whilst your Excellency is here, 
 I am no Governor of this town, and therefore de- 
 sire your Excellency, from me your servant, to 
 receive these keys, and to begin and give the 
 word to the garrison.' This night my husband, 
 with all the demonstrations of his sense of so great 
 an honour, returned his Catholic Majesty, by him, 
 his humble thanks, refusing the keys, and wishing 
 the Governor much prosperity with them, who so 
 well deserved that honour the King had given 
 him. Then the Governor pressed my husband 
 1 
 
ITO MEMOIR OF 
 
 again for the word, which my husband gave, and 
 was this : ' Long live his Catholic Majesty !' 
 Then the Governor took his leave, and his Lady 
 of me, whom I accompanied to the stairs' head. 
 
 The next day we were visited by the Mayor 
 and all the Burgesses of the town. On the same 
 day, Saturday the 8th, the Governor's Lady sent 
 me a very noble present of India plate and 
 other commodities thereof. In the afternoon the 
 Duchess of Albuquerque sent a gentleman to me, 
 to know if with convenieocy her Excellency might 
 visit me the next day, as the custom of the 
 Court is. 
 
 On Sunday the 9th, her Excellency with her 
 daughter, who was newly married to her uncle 
 Don Melchor de la Cueva, visited me. I met 
 them at the stairs' head, and at her Excellency's 
 going, there parted with her. Her Excellency 
 had on, besides other very rich jewels, as I guess, 
 about two thousand pearls, the roundest, the 
 whitest, and the biggest that ever I saw in my 
 life. 
 
 On Thursday the 13th, the English Consul 
 with all the merchants brought us a present of 
 two silver basins and ewers, with a hundred 
 weight of chocolate, with crimson taffeta clothes, 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 171 
 
 laced with silver laces, and voiders, which were 
 made in the Indies, as were also the basins and 
 ewers. 
 
 This afternoon I went to pay my visit to the 
 Duchess of Albuquerque. When I came to take 
 coach, the soldiers stood to their arms, and the 
 Lieutenant that held the colours displaying them, 
 which is never done to any one but to Kings, or 
 such as represent their persons, I stood still all 
 the while, then at the lowering of the colours to 
 the ground, they received for them a low courtesy 
 from me, and for himself a bow; then taking 
 coach, with very many persons both in coaches 
 and on foot, I went to the Duke's palace, v/here I 
 was again received by a guard of his Excellency's, 
 with the same ceremony of the King's colours as 
 before. Then I was received by the Duke's bro- 
 ther and near a hundred persons of quality. I 
 laid my hand upon the wrist of his Excellency's 
 right hand ; he putting his cloak thereupon, as 
 the Spanish fashion is, went up the stairs, upon 
 the top of which stood the Duchess and her daugh- 
 ter, who received me with great civility, putting 
 me, into every door, and all my children, till we 
 came to sit down in her Excellency's chamber, 
 where she placed me on her right hand, upon 
 I 2 
 
172 MEMOIR OF 
 
 cushions, as the fashion of this Court is, being 
 very rich and laid upon Persia carpets. 
 
 At my return, the Duchess and her daughter 
 went out before me, and at the door of her Ex- 
 cellency's chamber, I met the Duke, who with his 
 brother and the rest of the gentlemen that did ac- 
 company our gentleman during our stay there, 
 went down together before me. When I took my 
 leave of the Duchess, in the same place where his 
 Excellency received me, the Duke led me down to 
 the coach in the same manner as his brother led 
 me up the stairs ; and having received the cere- 
 mony of the soldiers, I returned home to my 
 lodgings ; where after I had been an hour, Don 
 Antonio de Pimentel, the Governor of Cadiz, who 
 that day was newly come to town, after having 
 been to visit my husband, came to visit me with 
 great company, on the part of his Catholic Ma- 
 jesty, and afterwards upon his own score. He 
 sent me a very rich present of perfumes, skins, 
 gloves, and purses embroidered, with other nacks 
 of the same kind. 
 
 Sir John Lawson being now ready to depart 
 from Cadiz, we presented him with a pair of fla- 
 ^aris, uu<i hundred pounds, and a tun of Luzena 
 wine, which cost us forty pounds, and a hundred 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 173 
 
 and forty pieces-of-eight for his men. We sent 
 Captain Feme two hundred pieces-of-eight, and 
 to his men forty pieces-of-eight, they being very 
 careful of our goods, the most of which he brought. 
 We sent Captain Berkeley a hundred pieces-of- 
 eight, and to his men twenty ; he carried part of 
 our horses, as did Captain Utber, to whom we 
 sent the like sum. 
 
 On the 19th of March, we took our leave of 
 Cadiz, where we gave at our coming away, to per- 
 sons that attended on us in several offices, two 
 hundred and eighty pieces-of-eight. We were 
 accompanied to the water-side in the same manner. 
 We were received on shore with all points of for- 
 mality, and having taken our leave, with many 
 thanks and compliments to the Governor, and Don 
 Diego Ibara, his lady, and all the rest of those 
 persons there, to whom we were as much beholden 
 for their civility, we entered the King^s barge, 
 which was newly trimmed up for the purpose by 
 the Duke of Medina Celi, at Puerto de S'^ 
 Maria. " No person ever went in it before but the 
 King. The Governor, Don Antonio de Pimentel, 
 went with us in the barge, and many other barges 
 were provided by him for all our train. 
 
 At our going we had many volleys of shot, 
 
174 MEMOIR OF 
 
 afterwards many cannons, and as we went, the 
 guns of all the ships in the harbour. When we 
 were come over the bar, all the forts by St. Mary's 
 Port saluted us ; and when we came to the shore- 
 side, we found many thousand soldiers in arms, in 
 very great order, with their commanders, and a 
 bridge made on purpose for us, with great curio- 
 sity, so far into the river, that the end of the 
 bridge touched the side of the barge. At the end 
 of the bridge stood the Duke of Medina Cell and 
 his son, the Duke of Alcala. During the time of 
 our landing, we had infinite volleys of shot, pre- 
 sented v/ith drums beating and trumpets sound- 
 ing, and all the demonstration of hearty welcome 
 imaginable. 
 
 The two dukes embraced my husband with great 
 kindness, welcoming him to the place, and the 
 Duke of Medina Celi led me to my coach, an 
 honour that he had never done any but once, when 
 he waited on your Queen to help her on the like 
 occasion. The Duke d' Alcala led my eldest daugh- 
 ter, and the younger led my second, and the Go- 
 vernor of Cadiz, Don Antonio de Pimentel, led the 
 third. Mrs. Kestian carried Betty in her arms. 
 
 Thus I entered the Duchess of Alcala's coach, 
 which conveyed me to my lodging, the ceremony 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 175 
 
 of the King''s colours being performed as at Ca- 
 diz. We passed through the streets, in which 
 were an infinite number of people, to a house pro- 
 vided for us, the best of all the place, which was 
 caused to be glazed by the Duke on purpose for 
 us. At our alighting out of the coaches, the Duke 
 led me up into my apartment, with an infinite 
 number of noblemen and gentlemen, his relations ; 
 there they took their leave of me, conducting my 
 husband to his quarter, with whom they stayed in 
 visit about half an hour, and so returned to his 
 house. After I had been there three hours, the 
 Duchess of Alcala sent a gentleman to say her 
 Excellency welcomed me to the place, and that, 
 as soon as I was reposed after my long voyage, 
 she would wait upon me : in like manner did the 
 Marquis of Bayona and his lady, and their son 
 with his lady. 
 
 I must not pass by the description of the en- 
 tertainment, which was vastly great, tables being 
 plentifully covered every meal for above three 
 hundred persons. The furniture was all rich ta- 
 pestry, embroideries of gold and silver upon vel- 
 vet, cloth of tissue, both gold and silver, with rich 
 Persia carpets on the floors : none could exceed 
 them. Very delicate fine linen of all sorts, botii 
 
176 MEMOIR OF 
 
 for table and beds, never washed, but new cut 
 out of the piece, and all things thereunto belong- 
 ing. The plate was vastly great and beautiful, 
 nor for ornament were they fewer than the rest of 
 the bravery, there being very fine cabinets, look- 
 ing-glasses, tables, and chairs. 
 
 On Thursday, at two in the afternoon, the 
 Duchess of Alcala came to visit me ; she had lain 
 in but three weeks of a daughter. The day before 
 she performed all the ceremonies and civilities, 
 which is the custom, of the Court to me and mine. 
 
 On the 21st I was visited by the Marquesa of 
 Bayona, and all that noble family. On the 23rd 
 I went to repay the Duchess of Alcala her Excel- 
 lency's visit, and to give her thanks for my noble 
 entertainment ; a part thereof being provided un- 
 der the care of her Excellency. 
 
 I likewise went to pay the visit to the Marquesa 
 de Bayona. On Monday the 24th,* we began our 
 journey from Port St. Mary to Madrid, and taking 
 leave of all the company, we gave one hundred 
 pieces-of- eight to the servants of the family, and 
 fifty pieces-of-eight to the Duke's coachman and 
 footmen. The Duke accompanied me in the same 
 
 * The new style is here used. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 177 
 
 manner as he did when he brought me to the coach- 
 side when we landed ; and afterwards my husband 
 and the Duke entering the Duke's coach, he 
 brought us a mile out of town, as did also the 
 Marquis of Bayona, and his lady, with an infinite 
 number of persons of the best quality of that place. 
 
 That night we went to Xerez, being met, a 
 league before we came to the town, by the Corre- 
 gidor, accompanied by many gentlemen and coaches 
 of that place, with many thousands of common 
 people, who conducted us to a house provided for 
 us, as the King had commanded, with plenty of 
 all sorts of accommodation. My husband made 
 his entry into the town in the Corregidor's coach, 
 as he did in all places up to Madrid. 
 
 At this town I was visited by my Lord Don- 
 gan's* lady, who lives there, and whose visit I 
 
 * Sir William Dongan, who was created Baron Dongan and 
 Viscount Dongan of Claine, in the county of Kildare, in the 
 Peerage of Ireland, in 1661. He was raised to the Earldom of 
 Limerick, by James the Second, in 1685, and was attainted 
 in 1691. A letter from him to Sir Richard Fanshawe, dated 
 at Xeres, 1st June 1664, occurs among the Original Le tiers of 
 Sir Richard Fanshawe, printed in 1701, page 102 ; and in his 
 correspondence with Lord Arlington, in the British Museum, 
 he thus alluded to him : — 
 
 Madrid, 3rd June, 1666, stilo loci. "Lord Dongan m- 
 
 I 5 
 
178 MEMOIR OF 
 
 repaid the next day before I left the town. We 
 received letters by a gentleman, sent express from 
 the Duke of Medina Cell, and the Duke of Alca- 
 la, who both wrote to my husband, and his Duch- 
 ess to me, all of them expressing great civility and 
 kindness. By the bearer of these letters we re- 
 turned the acknowledgment of their favours in our 
 letters, to all their Excellencies, and presented the 
 knight that brought them with a chain of gold 
 that cost thirty pounds sterling. 
 
 At nine o'clock we left the pleasant town of 
 Xerez, and lodged the next night at Lebrija ; and 
 the next night at Utrera, where we saw the ruins 
 of a brave town, nothing remaining extraordinary, 
 but the fineness of the situation. We were met 
 there by Don Lope de Mendo9a, who was sent 
 with his troop of horse from Seville, by command 
 of the Asistente of that city,* the Conde de Molina. 
 There came out to meet us also, the Corregidor 
 
 tends to set forth from this Court to England upon Friday 
 next:'— Harl MS. 7010. f. 274. 
 
 Madrid, 6th of June, 1665, stilo loci. " The bearer hereof, 
 my Lord Dongan, passing through this Court for England, of- 
 fered me an opportunity of congratulating your Excellency, 
 her— Ibid. f. 276. 
 
 * The Asistencia of Seville is a high municipal office, pe- 
 culiar to that city. Die. de la Acad : Espan. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 179 
 
 of Utrera, with an infinite number of persons of 
 all qualities, who met us a league from the town, 
 as did also the English Consul of Seville, with 
 many English merchants, who had clothed twelve 
 footmen in new liveries, to show the more respect 
 to my husband. We were lodged in a priest's 
 house, which was very nobly furnished for our 
 reception, and our treatment was answerable 
 thereunto. 
 
 Thursday the 27th of March, we entered Se- 
 ville, being met a league from the city by the as- 
 sistant, the Conde de Molina, with many hundred 
 coaches, with nobility and gentry in them, and 
 very many thousands of the burgesses and com- 
 mon people of the town. My husband, after 
 usual compliments passed, went into the Conde's 
 coach. I followed my husband in my own coach, 
 as I ever did in all places ; all the pages going 
 next my coach on horseback, and then our coach 
 of state, and other coaches and litters behind, 
 many of the gentlemen and servants riding on 
 horseback, and many of the gentlemen did ride be- 
 fore the coach. Thus we entered that great city 
 that had been, of Seville, though now much de- 
 cayed. We lay in the King's palace,* which was 
 
 * The Alcazar. 
 
180 MEMOIR OF 
 
 very royally furnished on purpose for our recep- 
 tion, and all our treatment during our stay. We 
 were lodged in a silver bedstead, quilt, curtains, 
 valances, and counterpane of crimson damask, em- 
 broidered richly with flowers of gold. The tables 
 of precious stones, and the looking-glasses border- 
 ed with the same ; the chairs the same as the bed, 
 and the floor covered with rich Persia carpets, and 
 a great brasero of silver, filled full of delicate flow- 
 ers, which was replenished every day as long as 
 we stayed. The hangings were of tapestry full of 
 gold, all which furniture was never lain in but 
 two nights, when his Majesty was at Seville. 
 Within my chamber was a dressing-room, and 
 by that, a chamber very richly furnished, in which 
 my children lay, and within them all my women : 
 on the other side of the chamber as I came in, was 
 my dining-room, in which I did constantly eat. 
 I and my children eating at a table alone, all the 
 way, without any company, till we came to our 
 joiirney''s end, where we provided for ourselves at 
 Ballecas, within a league of Madrid. In this pa- 
 lace, the chief room of my husband's quarters 
 was a gallery, wherein were three pair of Indian 
 cabinets of japan, the biggest and beautifulest 
 that ever I did see in mv life : it was furnish- 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 181 
 
 ed with rich tapestry hangings, rich looking- 
 glasses, tables, Persia carpets, and cloth of tissue 
 chairs. This palace hath many princely rooms in 
 it, both above and underneath the ground, with 
 many large gardens, terraces, walks, fish-ponds, 
 and statues, many large courts and fountains, all 
 of which were as well dressed for our reception as 
 art or money could make them. 
 
 During our stay in this palace, we were every 
 day entertained with a variety of recreations ; as 
 shows upon the river, stage plays, dancing, men 
 playing at legerdemain, which were constantly 
 ushered in with very great banquets, and so fi- 
 nished. 
 
 On the 30th, the Malaga merchants of the Eng- 
 lish presented my husband with a very fine horse, 
 that cost them three hundred pounds. On the 
 1st of April, the English merchants of Seville, 
 with their Consul, presented us with a quantity of 
 chocolate and as much sugar, with twelve fine 
 sarcenet napkins laced thereunto belonging, with a 
 very large silver pot to make it in, and twelve very 
 fine cups to drink it out of, filigree, with covers of 
 the same, with two very large salvers to set them 
 upon, of silver. 
 
 On Thursday the 3rd of April, 1 664, we took 
 
182 MEMOIR OF 
 
 our leave of the assistant and the rest of that no- 
 ble company at Seville. The Conde de Molina, 
 who was Asistente of Seville, presented me with a 
 young lion ; but I desired his Excellency's pardon 
 that I did not accept of it, saying I was of so 
 cowardly a nature, I durst not keep company with 
 it. In the same manner as they received "us, so 
 they accompanied us a league onward on our way, 
 whereupon my husband alighting out of the 
 Conde'*s coach, and having with me taken leave of 
 all the company, both he and I got upon horse- 
 back ; and here we took our leave of my Lord 
 Dongan, who with great kindness brought us so 
 far from Xerez. Some of the Malaga merchants 
 of Seville accompanied us on our journey. That 
 night we lay at Carmona ; and on the 4th of April 
 at Fuentes, the Onoi' of the Marquis, who is now 
 at Paris, Ambassador from the King of Spain to 
 that Court. On the 5th we lay at Ezija, where 
 we received noble entertainment from the noble- 
 men and gentlemen of that town ; where we stayed 
 till Thursday, the 8th of April, and after paying 
 thanks to those persons that had so well ordered 
 that noble entertainment with great civility to us, 
 we went that night to Cordova, where, a league 
 before we came to the town, we were met by the 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 183 
 
 Corregidor with near a hundred coaches, and a 
 foot company of soldiers stood on each side of the 
 way, giving volleys of shot, with displayed colours 
 and trumpets, with many thousands of people, 
 who by fireworks and other expressions showed 
 much joy. Here we parted with Don Lope, a 
 gentleman sent from the Conde de Molina to this 
 place to accompany us. 
 
 We were lodged at a very brave house, and as 
 bravely furnished : at night we had a play acted, 
 and during our stay there we saw many nun- 
 neries, and the best churches, as we had likewise 
 done at Seville and at all the other towns through 
 which we had passed in our journey from the sea- 
 side. We had there the feast of the bulls, called 
 in the Spanish tongue juego de toros.* We 
 had likewise another sport, called juego de 
 canas,-f in which appeared very many fine gen- 
 tlemen, fine horses, and very fine trappings. We 
 had abundance of entertainments, and yet their 
 civility and good manners exceeded all, as like- 
 wise the fame of that place, which is so highly 
 renowned in the world for noble and v^ell-bred 
 gentlemen. The Corregidor presented me with 
 
 * Properly " corridas de toros,^ i. e. bull fights. 
 
 + A kind of tournament, played with canes instead of lances. 
 
184 MEMOIR OF 
 
 twelve great cases of amber and orange-water, 
 reputed to be the best in the world, with twelve 
 barrels of olives, vs^hich have likewise the same 
 fame. 
 
 Upon Thursday the 15th of April we took our 
 leave of Cordova, and all those noble persons there- 
 in, lodging that night at Carpio, the Marquisship 
 of Don Lewis de Haro ; and on the 16th, we lodg- 
 ed at Andujar, and on the 17th, at Linares; the 
 18th we entered the Sierra Morena, and lodged at 
 St. Estevan, the O?ior of a Conde, who is at pre- 
 sent Vice-King of Peru ; on the 19th, we came out 
 of the Sierra Morena, and lodged that night at la 
 Torre de Juan-Abad ; on the 20th we lay at La 
 Membrilla, and there stayed all day on Monday 
 and Tuesday ; the 22nd at Villarta : here rises 
 the river Guadiana, that goes under ground seven 
 leagues before. On the 23rd, we lay at Con- 
 suegra; here Don John of Austria was nursed. 
 The 24th, we lay at Mora; on the 25th, we lay 
 at the famous city of Toledo, two leagues from 
 
 that town. The Marquis of , Governor 
 
 of Toledo, met us, in whose coach my husband 
 went with him towards the town, where within 
 half a league he was met by four persons that re- 
 presented the city, and all the city of Toledo, 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 185 
 
 with all the noblemen and gentlemen of that town. 
 A little farther the Marquis's lady met me, who 
 ahghting out of her coach, and I to meet her, 
 after some compliments passed, I entered her 
 coach with my children, and so passed through 
 the streets, in which there were both water- works 
 and fire- works, and many thousand people of all 
 sorts, and companies of soldiers giving us volleys 
 of shots. 
 
 We alighted at the gate, the Marquis leading 
 me up into my lodgings. This house, next to the 
 King's Palace at Seville, was both the largest and 
 the noblest furnished that I saw in all my journey ; 
 and likewise all the streets of the city were hung 
 with rich tapestry and other rich things of silver 
 and gold embroidery, through which we passed. 
 We were there entertained, during our stay, 
 with comedies and music, and juego de toros, and 
 with great plenty of provisions of all sorts, that 
 were necessary to demonstrate a princely enter- 
 tainment. I eat constantly at a table on purpose 
 provided for me, at which the Marquesa kept me 
 company, as she did likewise whenever I went to 
 visit any remarkable place, of which there are 
 many in Toledo, but none comparable to the great 
 church, which for the greatness and beauty of it 
 
186 MEMOIR OF 
 
 I have not seen many better, but for the riches 
 therein never the like. Here my husband re- 
 ceived another message from the Duke de Medina 
 las Torres, desiring him to meet him at Valde- 
 moro the Friday following, his Catholic Majesty 
 being then at Aranjuez. This message was sent 
 by a gentleman of his own, the other that he sent 
 to welcome us into this country, being under-gen- 
 tleman of the horse to her Majesty. 
 
 Upon Thursday the 29th of April, we took our 
 leave of the Marquis and his lady, giving one 
 hundred and eighty pieces-of-eight among his 
 family. The night we lay at YUescas, and on the 
 30th we came to Ballecas, where we found a house 
 provided for us. Here the King's entertainment 
 ceased, and we provided for all the accommoda- 
 tions of our family, the bare house only excepted. 
 We continued at Ballecas till the 8th of June fol- 
 lowing, during which time there happened no- 
 thing extraordinary ; the Duke often sending his 
 secretary to my husband about business, and the 
 Master of the Ceremonies about our constant en- 
 deavour to get a house, though at last we were 
 glad to go to a part of a house of the Conde de 
 Irvias,* where the Duke of St. Germain had lived 
 before. Here we received many messages of wel- 
 * Query. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 187 
 
 come to the Court from all the Ambassadors and 
 all the Grandees, and I from the Ambassadors' 
 ladies, the Duchess de Medina las Torres, with 
 great numbers of the greatest persons of quality 
 in Madrid. The men visited my husband, but I 
 could not suffer the ladies to visit me, though 
 they much desired it, because I was so straitened 
 in my lodgings, which in no sort were convenient 
 to receive persons of that quality in, not being 
 capacious enough for our own family, for w^hose 
 accommodation we took Count Mar9in's house 
 close by this. 
 
 On Wednesday the 18th of June, my husband 
 had his audience of his Catholic Majesty ; who 
 sent the Marquis de Mai pica to conduct him, 
 and brought with him a horse of his Majesty's for 
 my husband to ride on, and thirty more for his 
 gentlemen, and his Majesty''s coach with the guard 
 that he was captain of. No Ambassador's coach 
 accompanied my husband but the French, who 
 did it contrary to the King's command ; who had 
 before, upon my husband's demanding the custom 
 of Ambassadors accompanying all other Ambas- 
 sadors that came into this Court at their audience, 
 replied, that although it had been so, it should be 
 so no more ; saying, it was a custom brought into 
 this Court within less than these twenty-five years, 
 
188 MEMOIR OF 
 
 and that it caused many disputes, for which he 
 would no more suffer it. To this order all the 
 Ambassadors in this Court submitted but the 
 French, whose Secretary told my husband, at his 
 coming that morning, that his Master, the Am- 
 bassador, said that his Catholic Majesty had no- 
 thing to do to give his Master orders, nor would 
 he obey any of them ; and so great was this work 
 of supererogation on the part of the French, that 
 they waited on my husband from the palace home, 
 a compliment till that time never seen before. 
 
 About 11 o'clock set forth out of his lodgings 
 my husband thus : — First went all those gentlemen 
 of the town and palace that came to accompany 
 him ; then went twenty footmen all in new liveries 
 of the same colour we used to give, which is a dark 
 green cloth with a frost upon green lace ; then 
 went my husband's gentlemen, and next before 
 himself his camaradoes two and two : 
 
 Mr. Wycherley and Mr. Lorimer, 
 
 Mr. Godolphin, Sir Edward Turner, 
 
 Sir Andrew King, Sir Benjamin Wright, 
 
 Mr. Newport and Mr. Bertie. 
 
 Then my husband, in a very rich suit of clothps of 
 a dark fiUemorte brocade laced with silver and 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 189 
 
 gold lace, nine laces, every one as broad as my 
 hand, and a little silver and gold lace laid between 
 them, both of very curious workmanship ; his suit 
 was trimmed with scarlet taffety ribbon ; his 
 stockings of white silk upon long scarlet silk 
 ones ; his shoes black, with scarlet shoe-strings 
 and garters ; his linen very fine, laced with very 
 rich Flanders lace ; a black beaver, buttoned on 
 the left side, with a jewel of twelve hundred 
 pounds value. A rich curious-wrought gold 
 chain, made in the Indies, at which hung the 
 King his Master^s picture, richly set with dia- 
 monds, cost 300/. which his Majesty, in great 
 grace and favour, had been pleased to give him at 
 his coming home from Portugal. On his fingers 
 he wore two rich rings ; his gloves trimmed with 
 the same ribbon as his clothes. All his whole 
 family were very richly clothed, according to their 
 several qualities. Upon my husband's left hand 
 rode the Marquis of Malpica, Captain of the 
 German guard, and the Mayor-domo to his Ma- 
 jesty, being that week in waiting : by him went 
 all the German guard, and by them my husband's 
 eight pages, clothed all in velvet, the same colour 
 as our liveries ; next them followed his Catholic 
 Majesty's coach, and my husband's coach of state 
 
190 MEMOIR OF 
 
 •with four black horses, the finest that ever came 
 out of England, none going in this Court* with six 
 but the King himself. The coach was of rich 
 crimson velvet, laced with a broad silver and gold 
 lace, fringed round with a massy silver and gold 
 fringe, and the falls of the boot so rich that they 
 hung almost down to the ground : the very fringe 
 cost almost four hundred pounds. The coach 
 was very richly gilt on the outside, and very 
 richly adorned with brass work, with rich tassels 
 of gold and silver hanging round the top of the 
 curtains round about the coach. The curtains 
 were of rich damask, fringed with silver and gold ; 
 the harness for six horses was richly embossed 
 with brass work ; the reins and tassels for the 
 horses of crimson silk, silver and gold. This 
 coach is said to be the finest that ever entered 
 Madrid with any Ambassador whatsoever. Next 
 to this followed the French Ambassador's coach ; 
 then my husband's second coach, which was of 
 green figured velvet, with green damask curtains, 
 handsomely gilt, adorned on the outside, with 
 harness for six horses, suitable to the same. The 
 four horses were fellows to those that drew the 
 
 * i. e. Within the royal residence. Out of the city it was 
 allowed to use six horses, as will be presently seen. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 191 
 
 rich coach when we went out of town, using always 
 six. After this followed my husband's third coach, 
 with four mules, being a very good one, according 
 to the fashion of this country. Then followed 
 many coaches of particular persons of this Court. 
 
 Thus they rode through the greatest streets of 
 Madrid, as the custom is ; and alighting within 
 the palace, my husband was conducted up by the 
 Marquis, all the King's guard attending, through 
 many rooms, in which were infinite numbers of 
 people, as there were in the streets to see him pass 
 to the palace up to a private drawing-room of his 
 Catholic Majesty's, where my husband was re- 
 ceived with great grace and favour by his Majesty. 
 My husband, being covered, delivered his message 
 in English, interpreted afterwards by himself in 
 Spanish. After this my husband gave his Catholic 
 Majesty thanks for his noble entertainment from 
 our landing to this Court, to which his Catholic 
 Majesty replied, ' That, as well for the great 
 esteem he had ever had for his person, as the 
 greatness of his Master whom he served, he would 
 be always glad to be serviceable to him."* 
 
 After my husband's obeisance to the King, and 
 saluting all the grandees there waiting, he was 
 conducted to the Queen ; where having stayed in 
 
192 MEMOIR OF 
 
 company with her Majesty, the Empress,* and 
 the Prince, took his leave. He returned home in 
 his Majesty's coach, with the Marquis of Malpica 
 sitting at the same end, accompanied by the same 
 persons that went with him, having a banquet 
 ready for them at their return. That day in the 
 evening my husband visited his Excellency the 
 Duke de Medina de las Torres ; and the next 
 morning, all the Council of State, as the custom of 
 this Court is. 
 
 Upon the 21st, all the Ambassadors at this 
 Court, one after the other, visited my husband, as 
 did also the grandees and nobles ; his Excellency 
 the Duke de Medina de las Torres beginning. 
 On the 24th, my husband had a private audience 
 of his Catholic Majesty ; on the 27th, I waited on 
 the Queen and the Empress, with my daughters 
 
 * Philip the Fourth of Spain succeeded his father Philip 
 the Third in 1621, and married his niece, Maria Anna, daugh- 
 ter of his sister of the same name by the Emperor Ferdinand. 
 By her he had issue a son, Charles the Second, who succeeded 
 him in 1665, and died in 1700, and two daughters, Maria 
 Theresa, who married Louis XI\^. of France, and Margaret, 
 who was the wife of the Emperor Leopold, and who is conse- 
 quently spoken of in the Memoirs as the Empress. The cere- 
 mony of her marriage by proxy, and her departure for her hus- 
 band's dominions, are afterwards fully noticed. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 193 
 
 and all my train. I was received at the Buen 
 Retiro bj the guard, and afterwards, when I 
 came up-stairs, by the Marquesa of Isincessa,* 
 the Queen's Camarera Mayor, then in waiting. 
 Through infinite number of people I passed to the 
 Queen'*s presence, where her Majesty was seated 
 at the upper end under a cloth of state, upon 
 three cushions, and on the left hand the Empress, 
 and three more ; the ladies were all standing. 
 After making my last reverence to the Queen, her 
 Majesty and the Empress rising up, and making 
 me a Kttle courtesy, sat down again; then I, by 
 my interpreter, Sir Benjamin Wright, said those 
 compliments that were due from me to her Ma- 
 jesty, to which her Majesty made me a gracious 
 and kind reply. Then I presented my children, 
 whom her Majesty received with great grace and 
 favour; then her Majesty speaking to me to sit, 
 I sat down upon a cushion laid for me, above 
 all the ladies who sat, but below the Camarera 
 Mayor, no woman taking place of her Excellency^ 
 but princesses. The children sat on the other 
 side, mingled with Court ladies that are maids of 
 honour. Thus having passed half an hour in dis- 
 course, I took my leave of her Majesty and the 
 
 * Qu. Inojosa ? 
 K 
 
194 MEMOIR OF 
 
 Empress, making reverences to all the ladies in 
 passing. I returned home in the same manner as I 
 came. The next day the Camarera Mayor'* sent 
 to see how I did, in compliment from her Majesty. 
 On the 9th of July my husband sent Don Pedro 
 Rocca, Master of the Ceremonies, a gold chain, 
 which cost four-score pounds ; and, on the 22nd of 
 July, the merchants of Alicant sent us a piece of 
 purple damask, of one hundred and thirty yards, 
 for a present. On Saturday the 16th of August, 
 we came to the house of Siete Chimeneas, which 
 his Majesty gave us to dwell in, having been the 
 house where the Venetian Ambassador dwelt, and 
 who went out for our accommodation by the 
 King''s command. 
 
 We settled now our family and tables in order : 
 our own consisted of two courses, of eight dishes 
 each, and the steward's of four. We had our 
 money returned from England by Mr. Goddard, 
 an English merchant living in Madrid, a very 
 honest man and an able merchant. Tuesday the 
 24th, we dined at the Casa del Campo, a house of 
 his Majesty^s, in the garden of which stands a very 
 brave statue of Philip the Second, on horseback. 
 October 4th, we dined at the Prado, anotlier 
 * First Lady cf the Queen's Household. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 195 
 
 house of his Majesty's, which is very fine, and 
 hath a fine park well stored with deer belonging 
 to it. 
 
 October , we went privately to see Aran- 
 
 juez, which was most part of it built by Philip 
 the Second, husband to Queen Mary of England. 
 There are the highest trees, and grow up the 
 evenest, that ever I saw ; many of them are bored 
 through with pipes for water to ascend and to 
 fall from the top down one against another ; and 
 likewise there are many fountains in the side of 
 this walk, and the longest walks of elms I ever 
 saw in my life. The park is well stored with 
 English oaks and elms, and deer ; and the Tagus 
 makes it an island. The gardens are vastly large, 
 with the most fountains, and the best, that ever I 
 saw in my life. 
 
 As soon as the Duke heard we were gone thi- 
 ther, he immediately sent orders after us for our 
 entertainment by a post ; but we were gone be- 
 fore. Going home by Esquivias, we saw those 
 famous reputed cellars, which are forty-four 
 steps dow^n, where that admirable wine is kept in 
 great tinajas, which are pots holding about five 
 hundred gallons each ; and to let you know how 
 strangely they clear their wine, it is by putting 
 K 2 
 
196 MEMOIR OF 
 
 some of the earth of the place in it, which way of 
 refining their wine is done no where but here. 
 
 October the l^th, the King proclaimed the 
 lowering the vellon money* to the half; and the 
 pistole, that was this morning at eighty-two reals, 
 was proclaimed to go but for forty-eight, which was 
 above eight hundred pounds loss to my husband. 
 
 October the 21st, we went to see the Buen 
 Retiro. The Duke de Medina de las Torres, who 
 has the keeping of this house of the King's frojm 
 his Majesty, sent two of his gentlemen to show us 
 all that belongs thereunto. The place is adorned 
 with much water and fountains, trees and fine 
 gardens, with many hermitages up and down the 
 place, and a very good house for his Majesty ; yet 
 the pictures therein did far exceed the rest, they 
 being many, and all very curious, done by the 
 best hand in the w^orld in their times. 
 
 On the 27th of October we went, with all our 
 train, to see the Escurial, the Duke de Medina de 
 las Torres having procured a letter here from the 
 Pope's Nuncio to give me leave to see the convent 
 there, which cannot be seen by any woman without 
 
 * Properly, copper currency, as distinguished from the plata, 
 or silver coinage. Hence the English and French Billon, sig- 
 nifying base money. 
 
LADY FAN SHAW E. 197 
 
 his leave : likewise the Duke did send letters to 
 the Prior, commanding him to assist in showing 
 all the principal parts of that princely fabric, and 
 to lodge us in the lodging of the Duke de Mon- 
 taldo, the Mayor-domo to her Majesty. We were 
 near eighty persons in company, and five coaches. 
 So soon as we were arrived there, the Prior sent 
 two of his chief friars to welcome us to the Escu- 
 rial. The friar who met us by command a league 
 before, at a grange house of his Majesty's, and 
 accompanied us to the Escurial, being returned, 
 these friars from the Prior brought us a present 
 of St. Martin's wine and melons, a calf, a kid, two 
 great turkeys, fine bread, apples, pears, cream, 
 with some other fine things of that place. On the 
 28th, being St. Simon's and Jude's day, w^e all 
 went early in the morning to see the church, ivhere 
 we were met by the Prior at the door, with all the 
 friars on both sides, who received us with great 
 kindness and respect, and all the choir singing till 
 we came up to the high altar ; then all of them 
 accompanied us to the Pantheon, which was, for 
 that purpose, hung full of lights in the branches ; 
 there saw I the most glorious place for the covering 
 of the bones of their Kings of Spain that is possible 
 to imagine. I will briefly give you this description. 
 
198 MEMOIR OF 
 
 The descent is about thirty steps, all of polished 
 marble, and arched and lined on all sides with 
 jasper polished ; upon the left hand, in the middle 
 of the stairs, is a large vault, in which the bodies 
 of their Kings, and Queens that have been mothers 
 of Kings, lie in silver coffins for one year, until 
 the moisture of their bodies be consumed. Over 
 against this is another vault, in which lie buried 
 the bodies of those Queens that had no sons at 
 their death, and all the children of their Kings 
 that did not inherit. At the bottom of the stairs 
 is the Pantheon, built eighty feet square, and is, I 
 guess, about sixty feet over ; the whole lining of 
 it in all places is jasper, very curiously carved, 
 both in figures and flowers and imagery ; and a 
 branch for forty lights, which is vastly rich, of 
 silver, and hangs down from the top by a silver 
 chain, within three yards of the bottom, and is 
 made with great art, as is also this curious knot 
 of jasper on the floor, that the reflection of the 
 branch and lights is perfectly there to be seen. 
 The bodies of their Kings lie in jasper stones, 
 supported every coffin by four lions of jasper at 
 the four corners ; three coffins and three head- 
 stones are set in every arch, which arch is curi- 
 ously ^vrought in the roof, and supported by jas- 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 199 
 
 per pillars : there are seven arches, and one in the 
 middle at the upper end, and over against the 
 coming in, that contains a very curious altar and 
 crucifix of jasper. 
 
 From thence we saw all the convent and the 
 sacristia, in which there were all the principal 
 pieces that ever Titian made, and th^ hands of 
 many others of the most famous men that then 
 were in the world. 
 
 After seeing the convent, and every part thereof, 
 we saw the King's palace, with the apothecary's 
 shop, and all the stillatories, and all belonging 
 thereunto. 
 
 The Escurial stands under the side of a very 
 high mountain ; it has a very fine river, and a very 
 large park well stored with deer ; it is built upon 
 a hill, and you ascend above half a mile through 
 a double row of elm-trees to the house, which 
 is abundantly served with most excellent water 
 and wood for their use. The front has a large 
 platform paved with marble, and railed with a 
 stone baluster round about ; the entry of the gate 
 is supported by two marble pillars, each of them 
 of one entire marble, which are near twelve feet 
 high. It is built with seventeen courts and gar- 
 dens thereunto ; every court contains a different 
 
200 MEMOIR OF 
 
 office; the whole is built of rough marble, with 
 pillars of the same round the cloisters ; and the 
 walls thereof are made so smooth, that the 
 famous Titian hath painted them with stories all 
 over, among others, the story of the battle of 
 Lepanto, and the gallery of the palace also : they 
 have infinite numbers of fountains, both within 
 and without house. It contains a very fine palace, 
 a convent, and a college and hospital, all which 
 are exactly well kept and royally furnished ; but 
 I cannot omit saying, that the finest stillatory I 
 ever saw is there, being a very large room shelved 
 round, with glasses sized and sorted upon the 
 shelves, many of crystal gilt, and the rest of 
 Venice glasses, and some of vast sizes ; the floor 
 is paved with black and white marble ; and in the 
 middle stands a furnace, with five hundred stills 
 around it, with glass like a pyramid, with glass 
 heads. The apothecary's shop is large, very richly 
 adorned with paint, and gilding, and marble ; 
 there is an inward room, in which the medicines are 
 made, as finely furnished and beautified as the shop; 
 all the vessels are silver, and so are all the instru- 
 ments for surgery : nothing is wanted there for 
 that purpose that invention or money can produce. 
 We were entertained with a banquet at the 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 201 
 
 Prior's lodging ; and afterwards returned, accom- 
 panied by the friars, to our lodgings, where the 
 Prior made a visit to my husband, and my hus- 
 band offered to repay it again, sending to him to 
 know if his Reverendissima Seiioria would give 
 him leave to wait on him that night, to thank 
 him for his noble entertainment, although both he 
 and I had done it. The Prior excused the visit, 
 and so we rested that night. 
 
 I would not have you that read this book, won- 
 der that I should not more largely describe this so 
 unparalleled fabric in the world ; but I do pur- 
 posely omit the particulars, because they are 
 exactly described in a book written by the friars, 
 and sold in that place, with all the cuts of every 
 particular of the place, and you have it among 
 your father''s books. The friars of this convent 
 are of the order of St. Lawrence. 
 
 On the 29th, we returned home to our house at 
 Madrid, where on Saturday afternoon my little 
 child, Betty, fell ill of the small-pox, as had done 
 my daughter Ann, in the month of September 
 before ; but both of them, God's name be praised ! 
 recovered perfectly well, without blemish : but as 
 I could not receive, for want of capacity of room, 
 the ladies of the Court at my lodgings at the 
 
 K 5 
 
202 MEMOIR OF 
 
 Conde de Irvias, so eould I not receive them 
 here by reason of the small-pox in the family, and 
 they having twice offered to visit me, and I re- 
 fused it upon that account. 
 
 Thursday 27th November, I went to wait upon 
 the Emperor's Ambassador's lady, at her house ; 
 upon the 28th, I went to wait upon the Duchess 
 de Medina de las Torres; and on the 29th, the 
 Emperor's Ambassador's lady came to visit me. 
 The same day the Duchess de Medina de las 
 Torres sent an excuse by Don Alonso, one of the 
 Duke'^s secretaries, that she could not visit that 
 day, by reason her youngest daughter was fallen 
 sick of a fever. Sunday the 30th of November, I 
 sent to thank the Emperor's Ambassador's lady 
 for the visit the day before, and to see how she 
 did. 
 
 Upon the 1st of December, we let our dispense 
 for seventy-two thousand reals vellon, a year, 
 which, at forty-eight reals a pistole, is one hun- 
 dred and twenty-five pistoles a month : he (the con- 
 tractor) paid me this sum this day, as he is oblig- 
 ed to do the first day of every month; and like- 
 wise to give me for the arrears of the dispense, 
 which was near eleven weeks, fourteen thousand 
 reals. 
 
LADY FAN SHAW E. 203 
 
 Upon the 15th of December, was seen here at 
 Madrid a very great blazing star, which to our 
 view appeared with a train of twelve or fourteen 
 yards long: it rose at first in the south-south- 
 east, about twelve o'clock at night, but altered its 
 course during the continuance thereof. Within 
 a fortnight after its expiration, it appeared at six 
 o'clock at night with the rays reversed ; it conti- 
 nued in our view till the 23rd day of January. 
 
 December the 22nd, which is the Queen of 
 Spain's birth-day, 1 went to give her Majesty joy 
 thereof, and to the Empress, and to the Prince of 
 Spain, in such form as the custom of this Court 
 is. About this time I had sent me by a Genoese 
 merchant, that was a banker in Madrid, a box of 
 about a yard and a half long, and almost a yard 
 and a half broad, and a quarter and a half deep, 
 covered with green taffety, and bound with a 
 silver lace, with lock and key ; within, it was di- 
 vided into many partitions, garnished with gilt 
 paper, and filled full of the best and choicest 
 sweetmeats, all dry. I never saw any so beautiful 
 and good before or since, besides the curiosity. 
 
 On the 23rd, we were invited to see a shoAv, 
 performed by forty-eight of the chiefest of the 
 nobihty of this Court, who ran tv/o and two on 
 
204 MEMOIR OF 
 
 horseback, as fast as the horses could run, in walks 
 railed in on purpose on both sides, before the 
 palace-gate ; over which, in a balcony, sat the 
 King, the Queen, and Empress; round about, 
 in other balconies, sat the nobility of the Court, 
 and in an eiifre-suelo, at the King's left hand, sat 
 the chief of the Ambassadors. My husband and 
 I were with the Duke and Duchess de Medina de 
 las Torres, in their own particular quarter in the 
 palace, which we chose as the best place, and hav- 
 ing the best view^, whereupon we refused the bal- 
 cony. The sight was very jfine, and the noblemen 
 and horses very richly attired. 
 
 Upon the 1st of January, I received of our 
 Dispensero, as was my due, six thousand reals, 
 for the month's dispense, and six thousand more 
 in part of arrears. Upon the 4th of January, I 
 waited on the Queen, Prince, and Empress, to 
 give them the buenas pascuas,* as the custom of 
 this Court is. 
 
 On the 5th, here came, among other diversions 
 of sports we had this Christmas, Juan Araiia, the 
 famous comedian, who here acted about two hours 
 to the admiration of all that beheld him, consi- 
 dering that he was near upon eighty years of age. 
 
 * Compliments of the season. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 205 
 
 About this time the Duke of Alva sent my hus- 
 band a fat buck ; I never eat any better in Eng- 
 land. We do take it for granted in England that 
 there is nothing good to eat in Spain, but 1 assure 
 you the want is money alone. 
 
 The 11th of December, the President of Castile 
 gave a warrant to an officer to execute upon Don 
 Francisco de Ayala, to carry him prisoner for 
 some offences by him committed. This gentleman 
 lived in a house within the protection of my hus- 
 band's barriers, very near to his own dwelling- 
 house ; for which reason, no person can give or 
 execute a warrant for what crime soever, without 
 the leave of the Ambassador ; but notwithstand- 
 ing, the officer who executed this warrant, being 
 backed by the President of Castile, did seize the 
 person of Don Francisco de Ayala in his own 
 house, and carried him to prison. Notice where- 
 of being given to my husband from him, my hus- 
 band immediately wrote a letter to the President 
 of Castile, demanding the prisoner to be immedi- 
 ately brought home to his house ; that he would 
 not suffer the privilege of the King, his master, to 
 be broken, making further greater complaint of 
 this usage to him ; to which the next day, in a 
 letter, the President replied, tliat an Ambassador 
 
206 MEMOIR OF 
 
 had no power to protect out of his own house and 
 household, with many other ridiculous excuses; 
 but all his allegations being proved against him, 
 both by ancient and modern custom, by hundred 
 of examples, and nothing left him to defend him- 
 self but his own peevish wilfulness, my husband 
 pursued the business with much vigour, telling 
 the gentleman that brought him the President''s 
 letter, that his master, the President, as to him 
 had once been very civil, but as to the King, his 
 master, most uncivil, both in the acting and de- 
 fending so indecent a business ; for which reason 
 he would not give an answer by letter to the Pre- 
 sident, because his to the Ambassador did not 
 deserve one ; all which my husband desired the 
 gentleman to acquaint the President, his master, 
 with. Then my husband visited the gentleman in 
 prison, a thing never before known of an Ambassa- 
 dor ; telling the prisoner openly, before many gen- 
 tlemen that were there accompanying cf him, that 
 he would have him out, or else that he would im- 
 mediately leave the Court. The great number of 
 gentlemen and servants of my husband's family 
 gave apprehensions to the keeper of the prison, 
 when my husband demanded leave to visit the 
 prisoner. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 207 
 
 The next day, being the 16th, Don Francisco 
 de Ayala was visited, by my husband's example, 
 by most of the council and nobility of this Court. 
 In the evening, in a letter to the Duke de Medina 
 de las Torres, my husband inclosed a memorial to 
 his Catholic Majesty, demanding the prisoner, say- 
 ing, he was very sorry that at one time, a few- 
 years ago, in the year 1650, some English gentle- 
 men, whereof Mr. Sparks was one, did kill one 
 Askew, an agent of Oliver's to the Catholic King. 
 When they had thus done, all those persons and 
 degrees made their escape but Mr. Sparks, who 
 took sanctuary in one of their churches ; notwith- 
 standing which, the privilege thereof being de^ 
 fended both by the Archbishop of Toledo and 
 the greatest prelates of this kingdom, he was by 
 the King and council pulled out of the church 
 and executed, so great at that time was the fear 
 that this Court had of Oliver ; and now, violation 
 of privileges should only have been used to his 
 Majesty, the King of England, assuring his Ma- 
 jesty he neither could nor would put it up without 
 ample restitution made. 
 
 Upon the perusal of this memorial, his Catholic 
 Majesty did immediately command the President 
 of Castile to send his warrant the next day, and 
 
208 MEMOIR OF 
 
 to release Don Francisco de Ayala, and to send 
 him home immediately to my husband, which was 
 done accordingly that night ; and my husband, 
 with all his coaches and family, which were near 
 a hundred persons, carried him and placed him 
 in his own house before the officers' faces that 
 brought him home from prison. All this you will 
 find in your father's transactions in his Spanish 
 embassy. In this action my husband did not 
 receive so much content in the victory as the Spa- 
 niards of all sorts, on whom it made a very great 
 impression ; though the chief Minister of state in 
 our country did not value this, nor give the en- 
 couragement to such a noble action as was due. 
 And here I will impartially say, what I have ob- 
 served of the Spanish nation, both in their princi- 
 ples, customs, and country. 
 
 I find it a received opinion that Spain affords 
 not food either good or plentiful : true it is that 
 strangers that neither have skill to choose, nor 
 money to buy, will find themselves at a loss ; but 
 there is not in the Christian world better wines 
 than their midland wines are especially, besides 
 sherry and canary. Their water tastes like milk ; 
 their corn white to a miracle, and their wheat 
 makes the sweetest and best bread in the world ; 
 bacon be}'ond belief good ; the Segovia veal much 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 209 
 
 larger and fatter than ours ; mutton most excel- 
 lent ; capons much better than ours. They have 
 a small bird that lives and fattens on grapes and 
 corn, so fat that it exceeds the quantity of flesh. 
 They have the best partridges I ever eat, and the 
 best sausages ; and salmon, pikes, and sea-breams, 
 which they send up in pickle, called escabeche,^ 
 to Madrid, and dolphins, which are excellent 
 meat, besides carps, and many other sorts of fish. 
 The cream, called 7iata, is much sweeter and 
 thicker than any I ever saw in England ; their 
 eggs much exceed ours ; and so all sorts of salads, 
 and roots, and fruits. What I most admired are, 
 melons, peaches, burgamot pears, grapes, oranges, 
 lemons, citrons, figs, and pomegranates ; besides 
 that I have eaten many sorts of biscuits, cakes, 
 cheese, and excellent sweetmeats 1 have not here 
 mentioned, especially manger-blanc ; and they 
 have olives, which are no where so good ; and 
 their perfumes of amber excel all the world in 
 their kind, both for household stuff and fumes ; 
 and there is no such water made as in Seville. 
 
 They have daily curiosities brought from Italy 
 and the Indies to this Court, which, though I got 
 
 * " Esaheclie ; a pickle made of white wine, bay leaves, 
 sliced lemons, and spices, used for preserving fish and other 
 food." — Die. de la Acad. Esp. 
 
210 MEiMOlR OF 
 
 my death-wound in, without partiality, I must 
 say, is the best established, but our own, in the 
 Christian world that I ever saw ; and I have had 
 the honour to live in seven. All Ambassadors 
 live in as great splendour as the most ambitious 
 can desire, and if they are just and good, with as 
 much love as they can deserve. 
 
 In the Palace none serve the King and Queen 
 but the chiefest of the nobility and ancientest 
 families ; no, not in the meanest offices. , 
 
 The nation is most superstition sly devout in the 
 Roman Catholic religion ; true in trust committed 
 to them to a miracle, withstanding all temptations 
 to the contrary, aud it hath been tried, particu- 
 larly about Cadiz and St. Lucar, that for eight or 
 ten pieces-of-eight, poor men will undertake steal- 
 ing for the merchants their silver aboard when 
 their shipping come in, which sometimes by the 
 watch for that purpose are taken ; and after their 
 examination and refusal to declare whose the silver 
 is, or who employed them to steal, they are often- 
 times racked, which they will suffer with all the 
 patience imaginable ; and notwithstanding th^ir 
 officers, as they execute their punishment, mingle 
 great promises of reward if they will confess, yet 
 it was never known that any ever confessed ; and 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 211 
 
 yet these men are not worth ten pounds in the 
 world. 
 
 They are civil to all as their qualities require, 
 with the highest respect, so that I have seen a 
 grandee and a duke stop their horse when an or- 
 dinary woman passeth over a kennel, because he 
 would not spoil her clothes ; and put off his hat 
 to the meanest woman that makes a reverence, 
 though it be their footman's wife* They meddle 
 with no neighbour's fortune or person, but their 
 own families ; and they are punctual in visits, 
 men to men, and women to women. They visit 
 not together, except their greatest ministers of 
 state, so public ministers' wives from princes. If 
 tliey have animosities concerning place, they will 
 by discretion avoid ever meeting in a third place, 
 and yet converse in each other's houses, all the 
 days of their lives, with satisfaction on both sides. 
 They are generally pleasant and facetious com- 
 pany ; but in this their women exceed, who seldom 
 laugh, and never loud ; but the most witty in 
 repartees, and stories, and notions in the world. 
 They sing, but not well, their way being between 
 Italian and Spanish; they play on all kinds of 
 instruments likewise, and dance with casta/melas 
 very well. They work but little, but very well. 
 
212 MEMOIR OF 
 
 especially in monasteries. They all paint white 
 afid red, from the Queen to the cobbler's wife, old 
 and young, widows excepted, who never go out of 
 close mourning, nor wear gloves, nor show their 
 hair after their husband's death, and seldom 
 marry. They are the finest-shaped women in the 
 world, not tall, their hair and teeth are most 
 delicate ; they seldom have many children ; there 
 are none love cleanliness in diet, clothes, and 
 houses more than they do. They dress up their 
 oratories very fine with their own work and flowers. 
 
 They have a seed which they sow in the latter 
 end of March, like our sweet basil ; but it grows 
 up in their pots, which are often of China, large, 
 for their windows, so delicately, that it is all the 
 summer as round as a ball and as large as the 
 circumference of the pot, of a most pleasant green, 
 and very good scent. 
 
 They delight much in the feasts of bulls and 
 stage pkys, and take great pleasure to see their 
 little children act before them in their own houses, 
 which they will do to perfection ; but the children 
 of the greatest are kept at great distance from 
 conversing with their relations and friends, never 
 eating with their parents but at their birth.* Th^y 
 * i. e. on their birth-days. 
 
LADY FANS HAW E. 213 
 
 are carried into an apartment with a priest, who 
 says daily the office of their church ; a governess, 
 nurse, and under- servants, who have their al- 
 lowance according to the custom of great men's 
 houses, so many pounds of flesh, fruit, bread, and 
 the like, with such a quantity of drink, and so 
 much a year in money. Until their daughters 
 marry, they never stir so much as down stairs, nor 
 marry for any consideration under their own qua- 
 lity, which to prevent, if their fortunes will not pro- 
 cure husbands, they make them nuns. They are 
 very magnificent in houses, furniture, pictures of 
 the best, jewels, plate, and clothes ; most noble in 
 presents, entertainments, and in their equipage ; 
 and when they visit, it is with great state and at- 
 tendance. When they travel, they are the most 
 jolly persons in the world, dealing their provisions 
 of all sorts to every person they meet when they 
 are eating. 
 
 One thing I had like to have forgotten to tell 
 you. In the palace there never lies but one per- 
 son in the King's apartment, who is a nobleman, 
 to wait the King's commands ; the rest are lodged 
 in apartments at further distance, which makes the 
 King's side most pleasant, because it is most airy 
 and sweet. The King and Queen eat together 
 
214 MEMOIR OF 
 
 twice a week in public with their children, the 
 rest privately, and asunder. They eat often, with 
 flesh to their breakfast, which is generally, to 
 persons of quality, a partridge and bacon, or 
 capon, or some such thing, ever roasted, much 
 chocolate, and sweetmeats, and new-laid eggs, 
 drinking water either cold with snow, or lemonade, 
 or some such thing. Their women seldom drink 
 wine, their maids never ; they all love the feasts 
 of bulls, and strive to appear gloriously fine when 
 they see them. 
 
 Upon February the 11th, the Emperor's Am- 
 bassador's lady visited me. Upon Thursday the 
 19th of February, went from us to England, Mr. 
 Charles Bertie, Mr. Francis Newport, Sir Andrew 
 King, Sir Edmund Turner, Mr. Francis Godol- 
 phin, Mr. Wycherley, Mr. Hatton, and Mr. 
 Smith, with all their servants. This day likewise 
 we received letters of the arrival of Mr. Price from 
 Elvas, a gentleman of my husband's, who had 
 been sent by him on the 28th of January last past 
 to the King of Portugal, upon business of state. 
 
 Upon the 2nd of March, we went to see a 
 country house of the Marquesa de Liche, who 
 presented me with a dog and bitch, perfect grey- 
 hounds, and I could put each of them in my 
 pocket. 
 
LADY FAN SUA WE. 215 
 
 On Thursday the 5th, I returned the visit of 
 the Emperor's Ambassador's lady. March the 
 Sth, we went to see a house of Don Juan de Con- 
 gro, at Cham ar tin. 
 
 On Wednesday the IQth, we went to take the 
 air, and dined at Vicalraro. Mr. Price came 
 from Lisbon this day to Madrid. 
 
 Upon the 20th of March 1665, stilo novo, upon 
 desire of the Duchess de Medina de las Torres, 
 who was then sick, and had long kept her bed, I 
 visited her Excellency, taking all my children 
 with me. After I had been there a little while, 
 passing those compliments, her Excellency told 
 me that her Catholic Majesty had commanded her 
 to assure me that her Majesty had a very high 
 esteem for me, not only as I was the wife of a 
 great King's Ambassador, for whom her Majesty 
 had much respect, but for my person, and the 
 delight her Majesty took in my conversation, as- 
 suring me from her Majesty that, upon all occa- 
 sions, I should find her most cheerfully willing to 
 do me all possible kindness in her Court ; and for 
 a token thereof, her Majesty had herewith sent 
 me a jewel of diamonds, that cost the Queen eight 
 thousand five hundred and fifty ducats, plate,* 
 which is about two thousand pounds sterling ; 
 * See note, p. 196. 
 
216 MEMOIR OF 
 
 which then her Excellency did deliver to me, 
 saying she thought herself much honoured, and 
 much contented, that her Majesty had employed 
 her in a business in which she took so much 
 delight. 
 
 I desired her Excellency to lay me at the feet 
 of her Majesty, and to tell her Majesty that I es- 
 teemed the honour according as I ought, of whose 
 bounty and graces I and mine had abundantly re- 
 ceived ever since our coming into this kingdom. 
 That the ribbon, wherewith the jewel was tied, 
 coming from her Majesty, was a favour of which 
 I should have bragged all the days of my life, 
 though I could never have deserved it; much 
 more did I esteem so rich a jewel her Majesty was 
 pleased to send me ; but, above all, her Majesty's 
 gracious acceptance of my service, and her Ma- 
 jesty's promise of her grace and favour to me, in 
 which I desired I might live, giving her Excel- 
 lency many thanks for the kindness on her part 
 therein, believing that her Excellency had, upon 
 all occasions, made my best actions seem double, 
 and winked at my imperfections, but that which I 
 did certainly knoAV, and desired her Excellency to 
 believe, was, that I was her Excellency ""s most 
 humble servant. 
 
LADY FAN SH A WE. 217 
 
 On Tuesday the 24th of March, the Marquesa 
 de Liche visited me, who had not made a visit be- 
 fore in seven years. On Thursday the 26th, I re- 
 turned the visit to her Excellency the Marquesa, 
 who entertained me with a very fine banquet, and 
 gave to my youngest girl, Betty, a little basket of 
 silver plate, very richly wrought. 
 
 On Thursday the 8th of April, being his Ca- 
 tholic Majesty's birth-day, I went to give the 
 Empress and her Catholic Majesty the parabien* 
 thereof, and likewise my thanks to her Majesty 
 for the many honours she had done me, and par- 
 ticularly for that of the jewel. 
 
 Upon the 5th of April here appeared a new 
 blazing star, rising in the east about two o'clock 
 in the morning, rising every day a quarter of an 
 hour later than the former, so that it appeared to 
 our view but about three weeks, because the day- 
 light obscured. 
 
 Thursday the 23rd of April, we dined at a plea- 
 sure-house of the King's, three leagues from 
 Madrid, called the Torre del Prado. Monday, 
 26th of April, we went to see a garden-house of 
 the Marquis de Liche, which had been the Mar- 
 quis of Fuentes'. The house was finely adorned 
 
 * Congratulation. 
 L 
 
218- MEMOIR OF 
 
 with curious pictures painted on tlie wall, with a 
 very fine and large garden thereunto belonging, in 
 which on many days following we dined. 
 
 On Saturday the 3rd of May we heard, by 
 letters from my father, the sad news of the death 
 of my good brother-in-law, my Lord Fanshawe ; 
 and, at the same time, of his son's being happily 
 married to one of the daughters and heirs of Sir 
 John Evelyn, of Wiltshire, and widow of Sir John 
 Wray, of Lincolnshire. 
 
 May the i^th, we went to see the feast of bulls, 
 in a balcony made at the end of a street that look- 
 ed in even with the row of houses. On the 
 King's right hand, just below the Councils, which 
 is over against all other Ambassadors, there sat 
 the Pope's Nuncio, and the rest of the Ambas- 
 sadors below him ; but we not owning the Pope's 
 priority, your father was placed by himself. 
 
 June the 20th, came to this Court by an ex- 
 press, the news of the total rout of tlie King of 
 Span's army, commanded by the Marquis of 
 Caracena, by the Portuguese.* 
 
 Upon the 6th of July, went to the feast of bulls 
 again. 
 
 * At Montesclaros, where the Portuguese were commanded 
 by the Marquis de Marialva. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 219 
 
 Upon the Tth, anno 1665, came to my husband 
 the happy news of our victory against the Dutch, 
 fought upon the 13th of June, stilo novo. 
 
 August the 6th, at eleven o'clock in the morn- 
 ing, was born my son, Richard Fanshawe, God be 
 praised ! and christened at four of the o'clock that 
 afternoon by our Chaplain, Mr. Bagshaw : his 
 godfathers my cousin Fanshawe, Chief Secretary, 
 and Mr. Cooper, Gentleman of the Horse : his 
 godmother, Mrs. Kestian, one of my gentlewo- 
 men. The same day the Duke of Medina and his 
 Duchess sent to give us joy. Upon the 7th the 
 Duke came in person to give us joy, with all his 
 best jewels on, as the custom of Spain is, to show 
 respect. 
 
 Upon Thursday the 10th of August, the Queen 
 sent her Majesty''s Mayor-domo, the Marquis of 
 Aytona, to visit me from her Majesty, and to give 
 me joy. The next day her Majesty's Camarera 
 Mayor and the Princess Alva gave me joy, as 
 did likewise most of the others of the greatest 
 ladies at court. 
 
 ^ Oh, ever living God, through Jesus Christ, 
 receive the humble thanks of thy servant for thy 
 great mercy to us in our son, whom I humbly de- 
 L 2 
 
220 MEMOIR OF 
 
 sire thee, O Jesus, to protect ; and to make him 
 an instrument of thy glory. Give him thy Holy 
 Spirit, O God, to be with him all the days of 
 his life ; direct him through the narrow paths of 
 righteousness, in faith, patience, charity, temper- 
 ance, chastity, and a love and liking of thy bless- 
 ed will, in all the various accidents of this life : 
 this with what outward blessings thou, O Hea- 
 venly Father, knowest needful for him, I beg of 
 thee, not remembering his sins nor the sins of us 
 his parents, nor of our forefathers, but thy ten- 
 der mercy, which thou hast promised shall be all 
 over thy works, and for the blessed merits of our 
 only Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ ; to whom 
 with thee and the blessed Spirit be all honour and 
 glory, as it was in the beginning, is now, and ever 
 shall be. Amen." 
 
 On Thursday the 17th of September, died 
 Philip the Fourth of Spain, having been sick but 
 four days, of a flux and fever. The day before 
 his death he made his will, and left the govern- 
 ment of the King and kingdom in the hands of 
 his Queen, Donna Ana of Austria ; and to assist 
 her Majesty, he recommended for her council 
 therein, the President of Castile, Conde de Cas- 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 221 
 
 tilla, the Cardinal of Toledo, the Inquisitor Ge- 
 neral, the Marquis of Aytona, the Vice-Chan- 
 cellor of Aragon, and the Conde de Peiiaranda. 
 He declared for his successor, Charles the Second, 
 who now reigns ; and in case that he should die 
 without issue, the Emperor, if he marries the 
 Infanta, now called the Empress, to whom he is 
 affianced; but if not, the Infanta before himself; 
 after the Emperor, the Duke of Savoy ; the Queen 
 of France to inherit next to the Infanta, in case 
 she be a widow, and all her children successively 
 by any other husband ; but neither she can in- 
 herit nor any child of France. 
 
 The body of Philip the Fourth lay exposed 
 from the 18th of September till Saturday night 
 the 19th, in a great room in his palace at Madrid, 
 where he died ; in which room they used to act 
 plays. The room was hung with fourteen pieces 
 of the King's best hangings, and over them rich 
 pictures round about, all of one size, placed close 
 together. At the upper end of the room was 
 raised a throne of three steps, upon which there 
 was placed a bedstead, boarded at the bottom, and 
 raised at the head : the throne was covered with a 
 rich Persia carpet; the bottom of the bedstead 
 was of silver, the valance and head-cloth, for there 
 
222 MEMOIR OF 
 
 were no curtains, were cloth of gold, wrought in 
 flowers with crimson silk. Over the bedstead was 
 placed a cloth of state, of the same with the 
 valance and head-cloth of the bedstead ; upon 
 which stood a silver-gilt coffin, raised about a 
 foot or more higher at the head than at the feet, 
 in which was laid a pillow, and in the coffin lay 
 Philip the Fourth, with his head on the pillow, 
 upon it a white beaver hat, his head combed, his 
 beard trimmed, his face and hands painted. He 
 was clothed in a musk colour silk suit, embroidered 
 with gold, a goUlla (or ruff) about his neck, cuffs 
 on his hands, which were clasped on his breast, 
 holding a globe and a cross on it therein ; his cloak 
 was of the same, with his sword by his side ; stock- 
 ings, garters, and shoe-strings of the same, and a 
 pair of white shoes on his feet. In the room were 
 erected six altars for the time, upon which stood 
 six candlesticks, with six wax candles lighted, 
 and in the middle of each altar a crucifix ; the 
 forepart of each altar was covered with black 
 velvet, embroidered with silver. Before the 
 throne a rail went across from one side of the 
 room to the other. At the two lower corners of 
 the throne, at each side, stood a nobleman, the 
 one holding an imperial crown, the other the 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 223 
 
 sceptre ; and on each side of the throne six high 
 candlesticks with six tapers in them. The doors 
 of that room were kept by the Mayor-domo of 
 the King and Queen then in waiting, and the out- 
 ward by the Italian guard. 
 
 On the Saturday night, he was carried upon a 
 bier, hung betwixt two mules, upon which the 
 coffin with the King's body was laid, covered with 
 a covering of cloth of gold, and at every corner of 
 the bier was placed a high crystal lanthorn with 
 lighted tapers in it. He was attended by some 
 grandees, who rode next after him, and other no- 
 blemen in coaches, with betv^een two and three 
 hundred on horseback, of whom a great part car- 
 ried tapers lighted in their hands : this was the 
 company, besides footmen. When the King^s 
 body came to the Convent of the Escurial, the 
 friars of that convent stood at the gate, and there, 
 according to the institution of the place, perform- 
 ed the ceremonies as follow. The priors asked 
 the grandees, who carried the King on their shoul- 
 ders, for none other must touch him, ' Who is in 
 that coffin, and what they do there demand .?' 
 Upon which the Sumiller de Corps,^ who is the 
 
 * Properly, the Groom of the Stole ; " a cuyo cargo esta la 
 asistencia al Rey en su retrete." — Die. de la Acad. 
 
224 MEMOIR OF 
 
 Duke de Medina de las Torres, answered, ' It is 
 the body of Philip the Fourth of Spain, whom we 
 here bring for you to lay in his own tomb.' Upon 
 which the Duke delivered the Queen's letter, as 
 Regent of the kingdom, to testify that it was her 
 Majesty's command that the King's body should 
 be there buried. Then the Prior read the letter, 
 and accompanied the body before the high altar, 
 where it was for some time placed, till they had 
 performed the usual ceremonies for that time ap- 
 propriated. After which the grandees took up 
 the corpse again, and carried it down into the 
 Pantheon, into which as soon as they were entered, 
 the Prior demanded of the Duke the covering of 
 the King's body as his fee. 
 
 Then demanded he the keys, upon which the 
 Duke delivered him his, as Sumiller de Corps, 
 and then the Prior's own sent him by the Queen, 
 and the Mayor-domo then in waiting delivered 
 him his. The Prior having received these three 
 keys, demanded franca'^ of the Duke and Mayor- 
 domo, that in that coffin was the body of Philip 
 the Fourth ; and when they had done, they there 
 left the body with the Prior, who after the body's 
 lying some time in the place where the infants are 
 buried, placed it in his own tomb. 
 
 * i. e. puertafranca ; admittance. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 225 
 
 My husband with all his family and coaches 
 were put into mourning for Philip the Fourth of 
 Spain. 
 
 October the 4th following, I waited upon the 
 Queen to give her Majesty pesawze* of the King's 
 death, who received me with great grace and fa- 
 vour, as likewise did the King and the Empress, 
 who were both present. 
 
 On the 8th of October my husband and I, with 
 all our family and son, being the first time he 
 went out of doors, went to the Pla^a Mayor, to 
 hear and see King Charles the Second proclaimed 
 by the Duke de Medina de las Torres, who was 
 very richly apparelled in a silk suit embroidered 
 with silver and gold, set with diamond buttons : 
 he was accompanied by most of the nobles in the 
 town on horseback, as he himself was. In his 
 right hand he carried the King's royal standard, 
 and by his left side rode the Mayor of the town. 
 The Heralds that rode before went first upon the 
 scaffold, which was there made for that purpose 
 before the King's balcony, where he was wont to 
 see the juego de toros. The scaffold was covered 
 with carpets. On each side of the Duke stood the 
 Heralds, and on his left hand stood the Mayor, 
 
 * Compliments of condolence. 
 L 5 
 
226 MEMOIR OF 
 
 and by the Heralds two Notaries. The King was 
 proclaimed in five places ; at the Court above 
 named, at the Descal^as Reales, at the Town 
 House, at the Gate of Guadajara, and at the 
 Palace. ' 
 
 November the 9th, I went to give the Queen 
 the parahien of the King'*s birth-day, who, the 
 Gth of this month, completed four years of age. 
 Her Majesty received me with great grace and 
 favour, causing the King to come in and receive 
 of me the parahien of his anos likewise. 
 
 The 14th of this month I went to wait on the 
 Camarera Mayor and the Marquis de los Velez, 
 the King's Aya,* from both of whom I received 
 great kindnesses. 
 
 December the 17th, 1665, my husband, upon 
 the part of our King his master, and the Duke 
 de Medina de las Torres, on the part of his Ca- 
 tholic Majesty, did conclude and signed together 
 the peace between England and Spain, and the 
 articles for the adjustment between Spain and Por- 
 tugal, which articles were cavilled at by the Lord 
 Chancellor Clarendon and his party, that they 
 might have an opportunity to send the Earl of 
 Sandwich out of the way from the Parliament, 
 * Governor or tutor. " 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 227 
 
 which then sat, and who, as he and his friends 
 feared, would be severely punished for his cow- 
 ardice in the Dutch fight. He neither understood 
 the customs of the Court, nor the language, nor 
 indeed any thing but a vicious life ; and thus was 
 he shuffled into your father^s employment to reap 
 the benefit of his five years' negociation of the 
 peace between England, Spain, and Portugal: 
 and after above thirty years studying state affairs, 
 and many of them in the Spanish Court : so much 
 are Ambassadors slaves to the public ministers at 
 home, who often, through envy or ignorance, ruin 
 them ! 
 
 December the 23rd, I went to give the Queen 
 the parahien of her mios, whereof she had com- 
 pleted thirty-one. I likewise gave joy to the Em- 
 press and the King, who v^ere both then present. 
 
 The 6th of January, 1666, twelfth- day, stilo 
 novo, my husband sent Mr. John Price, one of his 
 secretaries, to Lisbon, to advertise that King, by 
 the Conde de Castel Melhor, of his intended jour- 
 ney the week following. 
 
 On the 14th of this present January, the Duke 
 of Medina de las Torres wrote a letter to my hus- 
 band, by the command of her Catholic Majesty, 
 which said, that for the great kindness and pains 
 
228 MEMOIR OF 
 
 he had and did take for the accommodating a 
 peace between England and Spain, and procuring 
 a truce for thirty years between the crowns of 
 Spain and Portugal, that, on the day of the rati- 
 fication thereof, her Majesty did give him* an 
 hundred thousand pieces-of-eight, and likewise for 
 a further expression of her Majest3^*'s kindness, to 
 me fifty thousand pieces-of-eight. 
 
 The 16th of January, 1666, being twelfth-day, 
 English account, my husband began his journey 
 from Madrid to Portugal. The day before he 
 went, her Catholic Majesty sent the Marquis Ay- 
 tona to offer a set of her Majesty's machos to 
 carry his litter, and another set for his coach, but 
 my husband refused both, with many humble 
 thanks to her Majesty for so great grace and ho- 
 nour done him, which he refused upon no other 
 score but the consideration of the length of the 
 journey, and the badness of the way, which the 
 
 * These gratifications were never paid, because my Lord 
 Sandwich was sent to receive what advantage he could make. 
 But the body of the peace being concluded before by my hus- 
 band, he received very small advantage thereby ; but liad my 
 husband lived, he would, through their justice and kindness to 
 him, for his great wisdom and indefatigable pains in procuring 
 a triple peace between the three crowns of England, Spain, 
 and Portugal, have received a sum. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 229 
 
 time of the year caused, which would expose the 
 beasts to that hazard, as he could not satisfy him- 
 self to put them in ; and although my husband 
 was next day pressed again to receive this favour, 
 yet he refused it with much respect to her Majes- 
 ty, for the forenamed reasons. Likewise the 
 Duke de Medina de las Torres sent two sets of 
 very brave machos to convey my husband to Por- 
 tugal, which he refused with many thanks to his 
 Excellency, upon the same account he had done 
 those formerly to her Majesty. My husband car- 
 ried none of his own horses or mules, but hired all 
 he used for himself or his retinue. He went in his 
 own litter, and carried one of his own coaches with 
 him, and five sumpters, covered with his own sump- 
 ter cloths. His retinue were: — Mr. Fanshawe, 
 Chief Secretary ; Mr. Price, gone before to Lisbon ; 
 Mr. Cooper, Gentleman of the Horse ; Mr. Bag- 
 shawe. Chaplain; Mr. Ashburnham, Mr. Parry, 
 Mr. Creighton, Mr. Eyres, Steward ; Mr. Weeden, 
 Mr. Jemmet, Mr. Bum stead, Pages ; Mr. Hellow, 
 Butler ; William, a Cook ; Francis, a Groom ; 
 Frances, a Laundress, and four Spanish footmen. 
 To every five mules went a moco^ and a sobres- 
 tante over all. Her Majesty sent an alguazil of 
 the court with my husband through Spain, to 
 
230 MEMOIR OF 
 
 provide him lodgings, and to assist him in all 
 other occasions belonging to his journey. I ac- 
 companied my husband a league out of town in 
 our coach of state ; then he entered his litter, and 
 so began his journey. 
 
 Within an hour after I was returned to my 
 house, the Duke and Duchess de Medina de las 
 Torres sent each of them a gentleman with very 
 kind messages to me on the part of their Excel- 
 lencies. 
 
 The 17th, came the Master of the Ceremonies 
 to see me, and offered the services of this Court, 
 with high compliments and much kindness ; the 
 18th, came the Duke of Aveyro to see me, and 
 afterwards the Marquis of Trucifal ; the 19th, 
 came to see me the Baron of LTsola's lady ; the 
 20th of January, I received a letter from my hus- 
 band at Toledo ; the 26th, the Marquis de Liche 
 came to visit me ; the 28th, the Duchess de Aveyro 
 sent a gentleman to me, to excuse her not coming 
 to see me, by reason of her being with child, and 
 not having stirred out of her chamber from the 
 time she had conceived with child ; the 29th 
 I received a letter from my husband, from 
 Frexenal. 
 
 The 2nd of February, the Duke de Medina de 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 231 
 
 las Torres sent to me Don Nicolas Navas, with 
 letters from her Catholic Majesty herself to my 
 husband, and putting up the packet here before 
 me, inclosed my letters therein, I giving a cover, 
 and sealing it with my seal, and a passport to the 
 post that carried it, to come and go : all which 
 was required of me by his Excellency, who was 
 pleased to continue this for me every post that he 
 sent during my husband's stay in Portugal. 
 
 The 12th of February, the Duchess of Albu- 
 querque sent a gentleman to excuse her not visit- 
 ing me, her Excellency being sick of a fever. 
 This night likewise the Duke sent a second post 
 to my husband as before. The 1 3th, Father Pa- 
 tricio came to visit me, from the Duke ; the 17th 
 died the Queen-mother of Portugal ; the 20th, the 
 Duke despatched a third post to my husband. 
 The 23rd, the Duke and his Duchess came to visit 
 me in very great state, having six coaches and 
 two sedans to wait on them, and above a hundred 
 gentlemen and attendants. The 2Tth, one of the 
 three posts returned from my husband ; another 
 on the 2nd of March ; the third on the 10th. 
 
 On the 8th of March, 1666, stilo novo, my hus- 
 band returned from Lisbon to this Court, with all 
 his family in very good health, God be praised ! 
 
232 MEMOIR OF 
 
 I went with my children two leagues out of town, 
 to Ricon, to meet him. He brought in his com- 
 pany Sir Robert Southwell, an enviado from our 
 King to Portugal and Spain, if need so required. 
 My husband entertained him at his house three 
 weeks and odd days. 
 
 Upon the 26th of March, came a letter from 
 Corufia, advertising this Court of the Earl of 
 Sandwich's arrival, as Extraordinary Ambassador 
 from our King to his Catholic Majesty. 
 
 Sunday the 12th of April, I took my leave of 
 the Queen of Spain, and Empress, and the King, 
 and the next day of the Camarera Mayor, and of 
 the King's Aya. 
 
 The 13th of April, returned from hence a gen- 
 tleman named Mr. Weeden, who came hither on 
 the 6th of the same month, bringing letters to this 
 Court and my husband from his Lord, the Earl 
 of Sandwich, and likewise a list of the Extraor- 
 dinary Ambassador's family, which was as fol- 
 lows : — 
 
 Mr. Sidney Montague, his son ; Sir Charles 
 Herbert, Mr. Steward, Mr. Godolphin, Secretary 
 to the Embassy ; Mr. Worden, Mr. Bedles, Mr. 
 Cotterrel, Mr. Bridges, Mr. Clarke, Mr. Melham, 
 Mr. Stuard, Mr. Linch, Mr. Boddie, Interpreter ; 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 233 
 
 Mr. Parker, Mr. Shere, Mr. Moore, Chaplain ;. 
 The Steward; Captain Ferrer, Gentleman of the 
 Horse ; Mr. William Ferrer, Mr. Gateley, Cler- 
 gyman; Mr. Gibbs, Mr. Boreman, Clerk of the 
 Kitchen ; Mr. Lond, Mr. Veleam, Mr. Mallard ; 
 Mr. Richard Jarald, Mr. Joseph Chaumond, Under 
 Secretaries; Francis Paston, Confectioner; Henry 
 Pyman, Butler ; Gentleman, Mr. Cooke ; Bal- 
 foure and Attenchip, two Cooks ; Allion Thomp- 
 son, Trumpeter ; William Killegrew, Thomas 
 Rice, William Rich, Francis Warrington, James 
 Ashton, Mr. Place, John Beverley, Briggs, 
 Richard Cooper, Mr. Kerke, Mr. Churchill, Mr. 
 Jeffereys, Mr. Crown, Pages, ten ; Mr. Nicholas 
 Neto, Mr. Righton, Edward Hooton, Richard 
 Russel, Andrew Daniel ; Peacock, Dennis, Foot- 
 men; Thomas Gibson, Thomas Williams, Josias 
 Brown, Caspar, el negro ; Nathaniel Bennet ; 
 the Nurse, her Husband, two Maids, Nicholas 
 Bennet, Henry Mitchell, and John Goods. 
 
 On the 14th I took my leave of the Duchess de 
 Medina de las Torres, the Marquesa de Truci- 
 fal, and the Condessa de Torres Vedras. On the 
 15th, I took my leave of the Duchess de Aveiro, 
 who gave my daughter Katharine a jewel of 
 twenty-seven emeralds ; and to my daughtei' Mar- 
 
234 MEMOIR OF 
 
 garet a crystal box set in gold, and a large silver 
 box of amber pastilles to burn ; and to my daugh- 
 ter Ann a crystal bottle, with a gold neck, full of 
 amber water, and a silver box of filagree ; and to 
 my daughter Betty a little trunk of silver wire, 
 made in the Indies. This day I likewise visited 
 the Marquesa de Liche, and daughter-in-law of 
 the Almirante of Castilla, the Baron de L'lsola^s 
 lady, and Don Diego Tinoco's lady, who all had 
 visited me. 
 
 On the 16th. I took my leave of the Duchess of 
 Albuquerque, and her Excellency Donna Maria 
 de la Cueva. The Duchess showed me a large 
 room full of gilt and silver plate, which they said 
 cost a hundred, thousand pistoles, though to my 
 eye it did not seem of half the worth. It was 
 made for the Duke'^s journey into Germany, being 
 the principal person entrusted to dispose of her 
 Imperial Majesty ""s family and money for a voy- 
 age to that Court; and afterwards he and his lady 
 are to return to Sicily, and there to remain Vice- 
 roy. The same day I took my leave of the 
 German Ambassador's lady. Easter-day being the 
 25th of April, 1666, the Infanta Donna Maria 
 was married to the Emperor by proxy, viz. the 
 Duke de Medina de las Torres. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 235 
 
 THE CEREMONY. 
 
 First went a great high coach of the Duke's, 
 drawn by four black Flanders' mares ; in it were 
 the Duchess's two sons, with other persons of 
 quality. In Madrid none can go with six horses 
 but the King or Queen, as I said before. Then 
 went the Duke's coach, a most exceeding rich one, 
 drawn by four grey Flanders' mares, in the upper 
 end whereof the Duke himself sat, with the German 
 Ambassador on his right hand, the Duke of Alva 
 on his left, in the other end the Conde de Pena- 
 randa, between the Duke of Pastrana and his son. 
 After this coach followed immediately the Duke 
 of Medina's Gentleman of the Horse, upon a very 
 fine white one. Then went a very rich new coach, 
 empty, of the German Ambassador's, made on 
 purpose for the day, drawn by four horses. 
 Then followed another of the Duke's coaches 
 with some of his gentlemen in it ; then the Ger- 
 man Ambassador's second coach, with some of his 
 gentlemen in it. Then one of the Duke's coaches, 
 in which was the Baron de Lesley, Envoy Extra- 
 ordinary from the Emperor, and one person with 
 htm ; then another of the Duke's coaches with 
 
236 MEMOIR OF 
 
 more of his gentlemen. Then another of the Ger- 
 man Ambassador's coaches with more of his family 
 in it. The Duke'^s pages walked by his coach, 
 and had gold chains across their shoulders. The 
 Baron de Lesley's went in some of the before- 
 named coaches. 
 
 On Monday the 26th, Don John of Austria 
 came to Court to give the Empress joy, but the 
 ceremony performed, returned immediately, the 
 same day, to a retiring place his Highness had at 
 Ocana, near Aranjuez, which famous seat of royal 
 recreation, for a farewell, the Empress lay at 
 night at, being in her way to Denia, where she was 
 to embark. Don John, from Ocana accompanied 
 her Imperial Majesty two or three days' journey. 
 
 On Tuesday the 27th, my husband, (invited 
 there by the Master of the Ceremonies, and then 
 to come in short mourning, with something of 
 jewels,) gave to the Empress joy in his master's 
 name, also to the Queen jointly sent ; and then 
 giving her daughter the hand. Sir Robert South- 
 well was admitted to accompany him in like man- 
 ner, and perform the same function. 
 
 On Wednesday the gs^h of April, her Imperial 
 Majesty went from the palace to the Descal^as 
 Reales, and from thence to the Atoche, from 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 237 
 
 whence she began her journey for Vienna. Her 
 passing through the town was in this manner. 
 
 First passed several persons of quality in their 
 coaches, intermixed with others. Then the two 
 Lieutenants of her Catholic Majesty's guards, on 
 horseback ; then the two Captains of the said 
 guards, the Marquis de Salina, and the Marquis 
 de Malpica, on horseback. Then a coach of re- 
 spect, lined with cloth of gold, mixed with green. 
 Then a litter of respect lined with the same stuff; 
 then four trumpeters on horseback ; then the 
 Duke of Albuquerque, in a plain coach ; then 
 twenty-four men upon horses and mules, with 
 portmanteaus before them ; then two trumpeters 
 more ; then the Empress and her Camarera 
 Mayor (Condessa de Benavente,) in a plain large 
 coach ; then eight men without cloaks on horse- 
 back, who I presume were pages to her Catholic 
 Majesty ; then the Empress's nurse, and four or 
 five pretty children of her's in a coach ; then four 
 young ladies with caps and white feathers with 
 black specks in them, in another coach ; then 
 duenas or ancient ladies ; then more young ladies 
 with caps and black hats, pinned up with rich 
 jewels ; then another coach with young ladies ; 
 then followed many other coaches irregularly. 
 
238 MEMOIR OF 
 
 The Duke de Medina de las Torres, as also 
 the German Ambassador, and many of the nobi- 
 lity of Spain, went out of town, and stayed about 
 a league off for the Empress's coming that way. 
 All the meaner sort of her Imperial Majesty's 
 train, and her carriages, as also the Duke of Al- 
 buquerque's, went before. 
 
 On Monday the 26th, I wrote to the Camarera 
 Mayor and the Empress's Ay a, giving both their 
 Majesties joy of this marriage. 
 
 May the 5th, we dined at Salvatierra, two 
 leagues from Madrid, and returned again at night. 
 
 On Friday the ssth of May, 1666, came to Ma- 
 drid the Earl of Sandwich, Ambassador Extraor- 
 dinary from our King to the Queen Regent of this 
 kingdom. My husband went with all his train 
 two leagues to welcome and conduct him to this 
 Court. This day twenty-two years we were mar- 
 ried. 
 
 The 29th, my Lord of Sandwich dehvered my 
 husband the King's letters of revocation, and 
 therewith a private letter of great grace and fa- 
 vour. This afternoon my Lord Sandwich, with 
 most part of his train, came to visit me. 
 
 June the 9th, stilo novo, being the King'^s birth- 
 day, my husband made an entertainment for my 
 
, LADY FANSHAWE. 239 
 
 Lord of Sandwich, with all his retinue and the 
 rest of the English at Madrid. 
 
 The next [Sun-] day, being Whit-Sunday,* my 
 husband went with the Earl of Sandwich to a pri- 
 vate audience, where my husband introduced him 
 to the King of Spain. Monday the 14th, my hus- 
 band went with the Earl of Sandwich to the Duke 
 de Medina de las Torres. 
 
 On the 25th, being Tuesday,f my husband was 
 taken ill with an ague, but turned to a malignant 
 inward fever, of which he lay until the 26th of the 
 same month, being Sunday,j until eleven of the 
 clock at night, and then departed this life, fifteen 
 days before his intended journey to England. 
 
 ' O all powerful good God, look down from 
 Heaven upon the most distressed wretch upon 
 earth. See me with my soul divided, my glory 
 and my guide taken from me, and in him all my 
 comfort in this life ; see me staggering in my path, 
 which made me expect a temporal blessing for a 
 reward of the great integrity, innocence, and up- 
 rightness of his whole life, and his patience in suf- 
 
 * This was the last time my husband received the com- 
 rauiiion. 
 
 t Query, ^th June. X Query, Saturday, gth June. 
 
240 MEMOIR OF 
 
 fering the insolency of wicked men, whom he had 
 to converse with upon the public employment, 
 which thou thoughtest fit, in thy wisdom, to exer- 
 cise him in. Have pity on me, O Lord, and 
 speak peace to my disquieted soul, now sinking 
 under this great weight, which, without thy sup- 
 port, cannot sustain itself. See me, O Lord, with 
 five children, a distressed family, the temptation 
 of the change of my religion, the want of all my 
 friends, without counsel, out of my country, with- 
 out any means to return with my sad family to 
 our own country, now in war with most part of 
 Christendom. But, above all, my sins, O Lord, I 
 do lament with shame and confusion, believing it 
 is for them that I receive this great punishment. 
 Thou hast showed me many judgments and mer- 
 cies which did not reclaim me, nor turn me to 
 thy holy conversation, which the example of our 
 blessed Saviour taught. Lord, pardon me; O 
 God, forgive whatsoever is amiss in me ; break 
 not a bruised reed. I humbly submit to thy jus- 
 tice ; I confess my wretchedness, and know I have 
 deserved not only this but everlasting punish- 
 ment ; but, O my God, look upon me through the 
 merits of my Saviour, and for his sake save me : 
 do with me and for me what thou pleasest, for I 
 
LADY FAN SHAW E. 241 
 
 do wholly rely on thy mercy, beseeching thee to 
 remember thy promises to the fatherless and 
 widow, and enable me to fidfil thy will cheerfully 
 in this world ; humbly beseeching thee that, when 
 this mortal life is ended, I may be joined with the 
 soul of my dear husband, and all thy servants de- 
 parted this life in thy faith and fear, in everlast- 
 ing praises of thy Holy Name. Amen.*' 
 
 The next day my husband was embalmed. The 
 following day I began to receive messages from 
 the Queen and the Court of Spain. 
 
 July the 4th, stilo novo, 1666, my husband was 
 buried by his own Chaplain, with the ceremony of 
 the Church of England, and a sermon preached 
 by him. In the evening I sent the body of my 
 dear husband to Bilbao, intending suddenly to 
 follow him : he went out of town privately, being 
 accompanied only by a part of his own retinue. 
 His body arrived safe at Bilbao on the 14th of 
 July 1666, and was laid in the King^s house. 
 Mr. Cooper, Gentleman of his Horse ; Mr. Jemett, 
 who waited on him in his bed-chamber ; Mr. 
 Rookes, Mr. Weeden, Mr. Carew, Richard Batha, 
 and Francis. 
 
 The 5th of July 1666, stilo novo, the Queen- 
 
 M 
 
242 MEMOIR OF 
 
 Mother sent the Master of the Ceremonies of 
 Spain to invite me to stay with all my children in 
 her Court, promising me a pension of thirty thou- 
 sand ducats a year, and to provide for my chil- 
 dren, if I and they would turn our religion and 
 become Roman Catholics. I answered, I humbly 
 thanked her INTajesty for her great grace and 
 favour, which I would ever esteem and pay with 
 my services, as far as I was able, all the days of 
 my life ; for the latter I desired her Majesty to 
 believe that I could not quit the faith in which I 
 had been born and bred, and in which God had 
 pleased to try me for many years in the greatest 
 troubles our nation hath ever seen ; and that I do 
 believe and hope that in the profession of my own 
 religion God would hear my prayers, and reward 
 her Majesty, and all the princes of that royal 
 family, for this so great favour which her Majesty 
 was pleased to offer m.e in my greatest affliction. 
 
 The 6th and 7th days of this month I was 
 visited by the German Ambassador's lady, and 
 several other ladies ; also by the Ambassador and 
 the Duke de Medina de las Torres, de Aveiro, 
 Marquis de Trucifal, Conde de Monterey, with 
 several others of that Court. 
 
 The Queen sent me, for a present, two thousand 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 243 
 
 pistoles, which her Majesty sent me word was to 
 buy my husband a jewel if he had lived. The 
 week following I gave the Secretary of State a 
 gold watch and chain, worth thirty pounds. I 
 gave the Master of the Ceremonies, at my coming 
 away, a clock, which cost me forty pounds. I 
 sold all my coaches and horses, and lumber of the 
 house, to the Earl of Sandwich, for one thousand 
 three hundred and eighty pistoles. I likewise 
 sold there one thousand pounds' worth of plate to 
 several persons, all the money I could make being 
 little enough for my most sad journey to Eng- 
 land. 
 
 The 8th of July 1666, at night, I took my 
 leave of Madrid, and of the Siete Chimineas, the 
 house so beloved of my husband and me formerly. 
 I carried with me all my jewels, and the best of 
 my plate, and other precious rarities, all the rest 
 being gone before to Bilbao, with part of my fa- 
 mily. All the women went in litters, and the men 
 on horseback. Myself, my son, and four daugh- 
 ters, one gentlewoman, one chamber-maid, Mr. 
 Fanshawe, my husband''s Secretary ; Mr. Price, 
 the Chaplain ; Mr. Bagshawe, Mr. Creyton, Mr. 
 White, Mr. Hello we, John Burton, William, the 
 Cook ; besides other Spanish attendants. 
 M 2 
 
244 MEMOIR OF 
 
 ]\fy Lord Sandwich came in the afternoon to 
 accompany me out of town, which offer, though 
 earnestly pressed by my Lord, as well as by other 
 persons of quality, I refused, desiring to go out 
 of that place as privately as I could possibly ; and 
 I may truly say, never any Ambassador's family 
 came into Spain more gloriously, or went out 
 so sad. 
 
 July the 21st, after a tedious journey, we ar- 
 rived at Bilbao, to which place my dear husband's 
 body came the 14th of this month, and was lodged 
 in the King's house, with some of his servants to 
 attend him ; but I hired a house in the town 
 during my stay there, in which I received several 
 letters from Madrid, from England, and from 
 Paris. The Queen-Mother was graciously pleased 
 to procure me passes from the King of France, 
 which I received the 21st of September, stilo novo, 
 accompanied by a letter from my Lady Guilford, 
 and several others of her Majesty's Court ; like- 
 wise I did receive a pass from the Duke of Beau- 
 fort, then at Lixa. 
 
 October the 1st, I sent answers of letters to 
 England, to my Lord Arlington, my brother War- 
 wick, my father, and to several other persons. 
 
LADY FANSHAWK. 245 
 
 Here I heard the sad news of the burning of 
 London. 
 
 December the Srd, being Sunday, I began my 
 journey from Bilbao, with the body of my dear 
 husband, all my children, and all my family but 
 three, whom I left to come with my goods by sea. 
 The 7th of October, we came to Bayonne, in 
 France, having had a dangerous passage between 
 Spain and France. October the 9th, we began 
 our journey from Bayonne towards Paris, where 
 we arrived the 30th of October, being Saturday. 
 
 November the 2nd, the Queen-Mother sent my 
 Lady Guilford to condole my loss, and welcome 
 me to Paris: many of her Majesty's family, of 
 their own accord, did the same. 
 
 On the 26tli, her Majesty sent Mr. Church, in 
 one of her coaches, to convey me to Chaillot, a 
 nunnery, where the Queen then was, who received 
 me with great grace and favour, and promised me 
 much kindness, when her Majesty returned to 
 England. Her Majesty sent by me letters to the 
 King, Queen, Duke and Duchess of York, with a 
 box of writings for her Majesty's Secretary, Sir 
 John Winter. 
 
 November the 11th, we began our journey 
 towards Calais; and upon the 11th of November, 
 
246 MEMOIR OF 
 
 old style, we embarked at Calais in a little French 
 man-of-war, which carried me to the Tower 
 Wharf, where I landed the next day, at night, 
 being Monday, at twelve of the clock. I made a 
 little stay with my children at my father's house, 
 on Tower-hill. The next day, being the 13th, we 
 all went to my own house m Lincoln's-inn Fields, 
 on the north side, where the widow Countess of 
 Middlesex had lived before ; and the same day, 
 likewise, was brought the body of my dear hus- 
 band. 
 
 On Saturday following, being the 16th of No- 
 vember 1666, I sent the body of my dear hus- 
 band to be laid in my father"'s vault in Allhallows 
 Church, in Hertford : none accompanied the 
 hearse but seven of his own gentlemen, who had 
 taken care of his body all the way from Madrid to 
 London ; being Mr. Fanshawe, Mr. Bagshawe, 
 Mr. Cooper, Mr. Freyer, Mr. Creyton, Mr. Tar- 
 ret, and Mr. Rooks. 
 
 On the 18th, my Lord Arlington visited me, 
 proffering me his friendship, to be shown in the 
 procuring of arrears of my husband's pay, which 
 was two thousand pounds, and to reimburse me 
 live thousand eight hundred and fifteen pounds 
 iTiy husband had laid out in his Majesty's service. 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 247 
 
 Likewise I was visited to welcome me into Eng- 
 land, and to condole my loss, by very many of 
 the nobility and gentry, and also by all my rela- 
 tions in these parts. 
 
 November the SSrd^ I waited on the King, and 
 delivered to his Majesty my whole accounts. 
 He was pleased to receive me very graciously, 
 and promised me they should be paid, and like- 
 wise that his Majesty would take care of me and 
 mine. Then I delivered his Majesty the letters I 
 brought from the Queen-Mother ; then I did my 
 duty to the Queen, who with great sense condoled 
 my loss, after which I delivered the Queen-Mo- 
 ther's letter sent to her Majesty by me. After 
 staying two hours longer in her Majesty's bed- 
 chamber, I waited on his Royal Highness, who 
 having condoled me on the loss of my dear hus- 
 band, promised me a ship to send for my goods 
 and servants to Bilbao ; then I waited on the 
 Duchess, v^ho with great grace and favour received 
 me, and having been with her Highness about an 
 hour, and delivered a letter from the Queen-Mo- 
 ther, I took my leave. I presented the King, 
 Queen, Duke of York, and Duke of Cambridge, 
 with two dozen of amber skins, and six dozen of 
 gloves. I likewise presented my Lord Arlington 
 
248 MEMOIR OF 
 
 with amber skins, gloves, and chocolate, and a 
 great picture, a copy of Titian's, to the value of 
 one hundred pounds ; and I made presents to Sir 
 WilHam Coventry, and several other persons then 
 in office. 
 
 In February, the Duke ordered me the Victory 
 frigate, to bring the remainder of my goods and 
 people from Bilbao, in Spain, which safely arrived 
 in the latter end of March 1667. I spent my 
 time much in soliciting and petitioning my Lord 
 Treasurer Southampton, for the present dispatch 
 of my accounts, which did pass the Secretary, 
 then Lord Arlington, and within two months I 
 got a privy seal for my money, without either fee 
 or present, which I could never fasten on my 
 Lord. Now I thought myself happy, and feared 
 nothing less than further trouble. God, that 
 only knows what is to come, so disposed my for- 
 tune, that losing that good man and friend. Lord 
 Southampton, my money, which v^^as five thousand 
 six hundred pounds, was not paid me until De- 
 cember 1669, notwithstanding I had tallies for 
 the money above two years before. This was 
 above two thousand pounds loss to me. Besides, 
 these commissioners, by the instigation of one of 
 their fellow-commissioners, my Lord Shaftesbury, 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 249 
 
 the worst of men, persuaded them that I might 
 pay for the Embassy plate, which I did, two 
 thousand pounds ; and so maliciously did he op- 
 press me, as if he hoped in me to destroy that 
 whole stock of honesty and innocence which he 
 mortally hates. In this great distress I had no 
 remedy but patience: how far that was from a 
 reward, judge ye, for near thirty years'* suffering 
 by land and sea, and the hazard of our lives over 
 and over, with the many services of your father, 
 and the expense of all the monies we could pro- 
 cure, and seven years'" imprisonment, with the 
 death and beggary of many eminent persons of 
 our family, who when they first entered the King's 
 service, had great and clear estates. Add to this 
 the careful management of the King's honour in 
 the Spanish Court, after my husband's death, 
 which I thought myself bound to maintain, al- 
 though I had not, God is my witness, above twenty- 
 five doubloons by me at my husband's death, to 
 bring home a family of three score servants, but 
 was forced to sell one thousand pounds' worth of 
 our own plate, and to spend the Queen's present of 
 two thousand doubloons in my journey to Eng- 
 land, not owing nor leaving one shilling debt in 
 Spain, I thank God, nor did my husband leave 
 M 5 
 
250 MEMOIR OF 
 
 any debt at home, which every Ambassador cannot 
 say. Neither did these circumstances following 
 prevail to mend my condition, much less found I 
 that compassion I expected upon the view of my- 
 self, that had lost at once my husband, and for- 
 tune in him, with my son but twelve months old 
 in my arms, four daughters, the eldest but thir- 
 teen years of age, with the body of my dear hus- 
 band daily in my sight for near six months to- 
 gether, and a distressed family, all to be by me in 
 honour and honesty provided for, and to add to 
 my afflictions, neither persons sent to conduct me, 
 nor pass, nor ship, nor money to carry me one 
 thousand miles, but some few letters of compli- 
 ment from the chief ministers, bidding, 'God help 
 me !' as they do to beggars, and they might have 
 added, ' they had nothing fo-r me,' with great 
 truth. But God did hear, and see, and help me, 
 and brought my soul out of trouble ; and by his 
 blessed providence, I and you live, move, and have 
 our being, and I humbly pray God that that 
 blessed providence may ever supply our wa-nts. 
 Amen. 
 
 Seeing what I had to trust to, I began to shape 
 my life as well as I could to my fortune, in order 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 251 
 
 whereunto I dismissed all my family but some few 
 persons. At my arrival I gave them all mourn- 
 ing, and five pounds apiece, and put most of them 
 into a good way of living, I thank God. 
 
 In 1667, I took a house in Holborn-row, Lin- 
 coln's-inn Fields, for twenty-one years, of Mr. 
 Cole. This year I christened a daughter of Lord 
 Fanshawe's. Here, in this year, I only spent my 
 time in lament and dear remembrances of my past 
 happiness and fortune ; and though I had great 
 graces and favours from the King and Queen, 
 and whole Court, yet I found at the present no 
 remedy. I often reflected how many miscarriages 
 and errors the fall from that happy estate I had 
 been in would throw me ; and as it is hard for the 
 rider to quit his horse in a full career, so I found 
 myself at a loss, that hindered my settling myself 
 in a narrow compass suddenl}^, though my narrow 
 fortune required it ; but I resolved to hold me 
 fast by God, until I could digest, in some measure, 
 my afflictions. Sometimes I thought to quit the 
 world as a sacrifice to your father's memory, and 
 to shut myself up in a house for ever from all 
 people ; but upon the consideration of my chil- 
 dren, who were all young and unprovided for, 
 
252 MEMOIR OF 
 
 being wholly left to my care and disposal, I re- 
 solved to suffer, as long as it pleased God, the 
 storms and flows of fortune. 
 
 As soon as I got my tallies placed again by the 
 Commissioners, I sold them for five hundred 
 pounds less than my assignments to Alderman 
 Buckwell, who gave me ready money, and 1 put 
 it out upon a mortgage of Sir Richard AylofF's 
 estate, in Essex, at Braxted. 
 
 In 1668, I hired a house and ground, of sixty 
 pounds a year, at Hartingfordbury, in Hertford- 
 shire, to be near my father, being but two miles 
 from Balls, both because I would have my father's 
 company, and because the air Avas very good for 
 my children ; but when God took my father, I let 
 my time in it, and never saw it more. 
 
 About this time. Sir Philip Warwick retired 
 himself from public business, to his house at Frog- 
 pool, in Kent ; his son and daughter-in-law lived 
 with him some time, until this year, 1669, they 
 went into France. She was the daughter and 
 coheir of the Lord Freschville. 
 
 In my brother Warwick''s house, in London, in 
 1666, died my sister Bedell, and was carried down 
 into Huntingdonshire, to Hamerton, and vt^as 
 
LADY FANSHAWE. 253 
 
 there buried by her husband in the chancel. She 
 was a most worthy woman, and eminently good, 
 wise, and handsome ; she never much enjoyed her- 
 self since the death of her eldest daughter, who 
 married Sir Francis Compton, and, in her right, 
 he had Hamerton, in Huntingdonshire. She died 
 five years before my sister, a most dutiful daugh- 
 ter, and a very fine-bred lady, and excellent com- 
 pany, and very virtuous. 
 
 About this time died my brother Lord Fan- 
 shawe's widow. She was a very good wife and 
 tender mother, but else nothing extraordinary. 
 She was buried in the vault of her husband's fa- 
 mily in Ware church. Within a year after this, 
 his son. Lord Fanshawe, sold Ware Park for 
 26,000/. to Sir Thomas Byde, a brewer, of London. 
 
 Thus, in the fourth generation, the chief of our 
 family, since they came into the south, for their 
 suiFerings for the Crown, sold the flower of their 
 estates, and near 2000/. a year more. There re- 
 mains but the Remembrancer's place of the Ex- 
 chequer office : and very pathetical is the motto 
 of our arms for us — ' The victory is in the Cross.'* 
 
 I had, about this time, some trouble with keep- 
 
 * " In Cruce Victoria." Another motto of the Fanshawe 
 family was, " Dux vitae ratio." Of these mottoes a Corre- 
 
254 MEMOIR OF 
 
 ing the lordships of Tring and Hitching, which 
 your father held of the Queen-lNIother ; but I not 
 being able to make a considerable advantage of 
 them, gave them up again : and then I sold a 
 lease of the Manor of Burstalgarth, which was 
 granted for thirty-one years to your father from 
 the King. Dean Hicks bought it, it being con- 
 venient for him, lying upon H umber. There was 
 a widow, one Mrs. Hiliard, hired this manor, and 
 had so done long. She was very earnest to buy 
 it at a very under rate. When she saw it sold, 
 she, as was suspected, fired the house, which was 
 burnt down to the ground within two months after 
 I had sold it. 
 
 In this year m}^ brother Harrison married the 
 eldest daughter of the Lord Viscount Grandison. 
 I let in this year a lease of eleven years of Fanton 
 
 spondent in the Gentleman's Magazine for July 1796, tells the 
 following story. " When Sir Richard was ambassador, and 
 was travelling in Spain, in an English carriage, with his arms 
 upon it, surrounded by the two mottoes belonging to them — 
 Dux vitce Ratio— In Crucc Victoria ; a crowd of peasants gath- 
 ering round the unusual sight of so mauy foreigners, in a town 
 where they stopped for refreshment, were very anxious with a 
 priest, who happened to be amongst them, for an explanation 
 of the Latin, which being beyond his skill, he informed them 
 that the coach belonged to the Duke of Vitae Ratio, who had 
 done great things for the Cross." 
 
LADY FA.NSHAWE. 255 
 
 Hall, in Essex, to Jonathan Wier, which I held 
 of the Bishoprick of London : this lease was 
 bought the first year the King came home, of 
 Doctor Sheldon, then Bishop of London, who was 
 exceeding kind to us, and sold it for half the 
 worth, which I will ever acknowledge with thank- 
 fulness. 
 
 My dear father departed this life, upon the 
 28th of September, 1670, being above eighty years 
 of age, in perfect understanding, God be praised ! 
 He left five hundred pounds to every one of my 
 four daughters ; and gave me three thousand 
 pounds for a part of the manor of Scallshow, near 
 Lynn, in Norfolk, but the year before he died, to 
 make my sister Harrison a jointure. The 11th I 
 christened the eldest daughter of my brother 
 Harrison, with Lord Grandison, and Sir Edmund 
 Turner. 
 
 The death of my father made so great an im- 
 pression on me, that with the grief, I w^as sick half 
 a year almost to death ; but through God's mercy, 
 and the care of Doctor Jasper Needham, a most 
 worthy and learned physician, I recovered ; and 
 as soon as I was able to think of business, I bought 
 ground in St. Mary'^s Chapel, in Ware Church, of 
 the Bishop of London, and there made a vault for 
 
256 MEMOIR OF LADY FANSHAWK. 
 
 my husband's body, which I had there laid by 
 most of the same persons that laid him before in 
 my father *s vault, in Hertford Church deposited, 
 until I could make this vault and monument, 
 which cost me two hundred pounds ; and here, if 
 God pleases, I intend to lie myself. 
 
 He had the good fortune to be the first chosen, 
 and the first returned member of the Commons' 
 House of Parliament, in England, after the King 
 came home ; and this cost him no more than a 
 letter of tlianks, and two brace of bucks, and 
 twenty broad pieces of gold to buy them wine. 
 
 Upon St. Stephen's day tlie King shut the * 
 
\ 
 
 i:^^ 
 
 EXTRACTS 
 
 FROM THE 
 
 CORRESPONDENCE 
 
 OF 
 
 SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE, 
 
 ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE MEMOIR. 
 
The Letters from which part of the following Ex- 
 tracts have been taken, were printed in 1701, under 
 the title of " Original Letters of his Excellency Sir 
 Richard Fanshawe, during his Embassies in Spain 
 and Portugal ; which, together with divers L.2tters 
 and Answers from the Chief Ministers of State of 
 England, Spain, and Portugal, contain the whole 
 negociations of the treaty of Peace between those 
 three Crowns, " 8vo. pp. 510. 
 
 The remainder are now printed, for the first time, 
 from the rough copies of the originals, or the origi- 
 nals themselves, preserved in the Harleian MS. 7010, 
 in the British Museum. 
 
 Although these Extracts were chiefly made with 
 the view of illustrating the statements in the Memoir, 
 nearly every passage has been copied from the Cor- 
 respondence which is of the slightest general interest, 
 unconnected with political affairs. 
 
EXTRACTS FROM THE CORRESPONDENCE 
 
 SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 
 
 TO MR. SECRETARY RENNET. 
 
 [See Memoirs, p. 165.] 
 
 On Board his Majesty's Admiral, entering the Bay 
 of Cadiz, Wednesday about noon, 24th of Fe- 
 bruary, 1669, English style. 
 
 " By former advertisements, I presume his Majesty, from 
 yovi, hath understood how, after sharp storms and cross winds, 
 with the first favourable breath we adventured to put to sea 
 a third time, and out of Torbay the second, upon Monday 
 the 15th instant, at nine of the clock at night; from whence 
 in so few days, as appears by computation, to the time of the 
 date hereof, and with the most auspicious weather that could 
 be imagined, we were all arrived thus far, in perfect health and 
 safety; where perceiving some sailors steering towards us, 
 which we took to be English, and homewards bound, I thought 
 it my duty, en duda, to prepare hastily, thus much only, 
 against we speak with them in passage ; which may suffice a 
 present, from him who knows no more as yet." 
 
 Original Letters of Sir Richard Fansfiawe, p. 30. 
 
262 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 TO MR. SECRETARY RENNET. 
 
 [See Memoirs, p. 166.] 
 
 Cadiz, 
 
 February 20, \&iS. 
 March 10, 1664. 
 
 "My last of the 29th of February, English style, (which 
 yet cannot go sooner than this, having not met with the pre- 
 sent opportunity of conveyance I then expected,) advertised 
 your honour we were just then entering this bay, after a brief 
 and very fair passage from Torbay. 
 
 The same evening we came to anchor at some distance from 
 this city, intending, God willing, the next day, 6th instant, to 
 come on shore ; but a strong Levant rising, not only that was 
 impossible, but even for any to come to me from the land. 
 
 The next morning, 7th, our ships weighing, made a hard 
 shift to get into the port, and 1 from thence a harder to land 
 i n boats. The Duke of Medina Celi, in the interim, having 
 complimented me aboard, by a Caballero de el Habito, with a 
 etter from Port S. Mary, and in person from this city the 
 deputed governor of this town, Don Diego de Ibarra, both 
 of them, as by a general order from his Catholic Majesty, 
 which they had had some weeks by them in case of my arrival 
 here, in virtue whereof somewhat more than ordinary salutes 
 were given by this city to his Majesty's Ambassador and 
 fleet ; also a house ready furnished for me, whereunto I was 
 very honourably conducted, with appearance of universal joy, 
 and there visited the same day by the Duke of Albuquerque, 
 the Cabildo, and all the nobles and principal gentlemen here 
 residing. My table, the governor signified, was to be at my 
 own finding, yet that I must not refuse to accept of the first 
 meal from him ; of the former I was very glad, as enjoying 
 thereby a liberty which I preferred to any delicacies whatso- 
 
SIR RICHARD FA7SSHAWE. 263 
 
 ever upon free cost; the latter^ I was not at all nice to receive 
 for once. But I had not been three hours on shore, when 
 an Extraordinary arrived from Madrid, with more particular 
 orders than formerly from his Catholic Majesty, importing, 
 that our Master's fleet, when arrived, and this Ambassador, 
 should be presaluted from the city, in a manner unexampled 
 to others, and which should not be drawn into example here- 
 after. Moreover, and this so likewise, that I and all my com • 
 pany must be totally defrayed, both here and all the way up 
 to Madrid, upon his Catholic Majesty's account; v^'ith several 
 other circumstances of particular esteem for our Royal Master 
 above all the world besides. The substance of all hath been 
 related to me, and the effects declare it ; but a copy cf the 
 order itself I have not as yet been able to obtain though de- 
 sired, it being the style not to communicate it without leave 
 from above, and out of the Secretary of State, else I should 
 have thought it my duty to remit it unto his Majesty from 
 hence, and shall from thence if I get it. 
 
 The first night the keys of the city were brought to me in 
 a great silver basin, by the governor, which, after several re- 
 fusals, I took and put into the right hands ; then the governor 
 forced me to give him the word, which, after like refusals, I 
 did, and was Fiva el Rey Caiolico. 
 
 At supper, he and his Lady would bear me and my wife 
 company, which I accepting as a great favour, told him my 
 wife should eat with her Ladyship, retired from the men, 
 after the Spanish fashion, it being more than sufficient, they 
 would not think strange, we used the innocent freedom of our 
 own when we were among ourselves. But by no means, 
 that he would not suffer ; and to keep us the more in coun- 
 tenance, alleged this manner of eating to be now the custom 
 of many of the greatest families of Spain, and had been from 
 all antiquity to this day of the majestical House of Alva ; the 
 
264 CORRESPONDKNCE OF 
 
 generosity whereof, particularly in the person of the present 
 duke, he took this occasion to celebrate very highly. So, in 
 fine, he had his will of me in this particular. 
 
 As the Duke of Albuquerque, newly-created Generalis- 
 simo of the Ocean, and very shortly going to enjoy that high 
 puesto at his ease in the Court, where he is likewise Gentil- 
 hombre de la Camara — liad done to me before, so yesterday 
 his Duchess and their daughter, (married to his own brother, 
 to keep up the name, for want of issue male,) both vastly 
 rich in jewels, as lately returned from the viceroyship of 
 Mexico, so full as to refuse that of Peru, in consequence of 
 the other, began an obliging visit of many hours to my wife ; 
 botli of the above-named Dukes and Duchess, whether by 
 letter and message, as the Duke of Medina, or in person, as 
 the other, treating us both to a full equality in all respects. 
 
 I had forgot to specify, as I may have done several other 
 remarkable points of respect to his Majesty's Ambassador, 
 how one part of this King's last order was,, that for more 
 honour and security, a guard of soldiers, with a captain of it, 
 should be night and day in my house ; which is practised 
 where I now am, and, as I understood it, is to be in like 
 manner in all towns of note ; a person of quality, by the same 
 royal command, conducting me from one to another. 
 
 "All this ceremony, I hope, is not instead of substance; for 
 then it would prove very tedious and irksome to me indeed ; 
 but an earnest and prognostic of it, which time will try when 
 I come to treat." Ibid. p. 31. 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 265 
 
 TO ME. SECRETARY RENNET. 
 
 [See Memoirs, p. 173 — 181.] 
 
 c. Ml March 23, 1663, 
 Seville, 2Aprxl.l664, 
 
 " Pursuing my journal, from the date of my last to you 
 from Cadiz, uTrl^mhTi^k , you may be pleased to understand 
 that, March I the old Governor, D. Ant. Pimentel, returned 
 
 '13} ' ' 
 
 thither, surprising me with a visit in my house before he 
 would enter into his own, or had any notice of his landing ; 
 the cause of his suspension having been only that which I 
 then signified, and as powerfully removed at Court by a letter 
 from the Duke de Medina Celi to his Catholic Majesty in his 
 defence, as it seemed to have been laid on with a very good 
 will by the Duke of Albuquerque; the letter I have seen, 
 wanting neither rhetoric, logic, nor assurance. 
 
 5 (of the same.) The said Don Antonio treated me and all 
 
 16* ^ _ 
 
 my company with splendour and magnificence, borrowing us 
 for that dinner from the King's entertainment. 
 
 The t. Himself in person accompanied me to Port St. 
 Mary, my first step towards Madrid, and had been my first 
 landing-place, as nearest and of most convenience, if it had not 
 been signified to me by message, that I must not wave Cadiz, 
 where all things were orderly prepared for my reception, 
 from whence also I pressed to have removed sooner ; but 
 that the Duke of Medina intimated his desire of the contrary, 
 as not till then so well prepared for my entertainment as his 
 Excellency intended to be ; and in particular, because a rich 
 gondola, built purposely, said they, for the wafting over of 
 Princes, had some days' work to do about it, before it could 
 be fitted for my transportation. 
 
 Ariived therein at Port St. Mary, the Duke, with all his family 
 
266 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 and vassals, (that city being his patrimony,) met me at the land- 
 ing-place, whence, with coaches, and vollies of shot by many 
 troops, not upon the King's pay but his own, for so his Ex- 
 cellency then told me, he conducted me to a very fair house, 
 prepared by his care, and furnished with the richest of what 
 he had for his own palace moreover, under his Excellency's 
 proper inspection against my coming from Cadiz, whence, 
 having been there revisited at parting by the Duke of Albu- 
 querque, and all other who had visited me at my arrival, I 
 was dismissed with great and small shot from the town, and 
 in like manner saluted in my passage by the Spanish Armada, 
 and all other ships in the bay, as well Spanish as strangers, 
 Van Tromp riding there at the same time with his squadron. 
 The rest of my entertainment at Port St. Mary was proportion- 
 able to the beginning, and there also the Duke of Medina gave 
 me one treat at his own palace. The civilities to me of the Mar- 
 quis of Bayona, Gentleman of the Galleys of Spain, the con- 
 stant station thereof is there, and of his lady to my wife, inhe- 
 ritrix of the Marquisate of Santa Cruz, and so of a Grandee- 
 ship, noted likewise for eminent virtue and education at Court, 
 came nothing behind ; but these two great men cannot set 
 their horses together. 
 
 On Monday, March L!, I was accompanied out of the city of 
 Port by the Duke of Medina, Don Antonio de Pimentel, who 
 had never left me till then, being one, and the Marquis of Bay- 
 ona, with his Lady, planting his coach upon the way-side, beyond 
 the place where the Dul^e took leave. I came that night to 
 Xerez de la Frontera ; met and welcomed before our approach- 
 ing to the city by the magistrates thereof and principal gen- 
 tlemen, that is all, with many troops of soldiers, and shoals 
 of common people. The next day, treated in the interim, and 
 then dismissed as before at the other two places, I arrived and 
 lodged at Lebrija. 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 267 
 
 The next at Utrera ; met about a league short, by order of 
 the Conde de Molina, Assistente de Sevilla, with a troop of 
 horse, and by Don Lope de Mendoza, Alguazil, mayor of the 
 city, as Teniente del Daque de Alcala, proprietor by inherit- 
 ance of that office, the said Don Lope being, by the same 
 order, to conduct me as far as Cordova. 
 
 The next day, \1 of March, accompanied with the same 
 troop and conductor, we set forth for Seville ; but this small 
 stream soon lost itself, when, about the distance before named 
 it fell into a torrent of people of all sorts and degrees, both 
 military and civil, which, together with the Conde Assistente, 
 rushed out to receive and conduct me to the King's palace, 
 or Alcazar, which accordingly was done. Churches^ streets, 
 inhabitants, river, places much noted at all times, setting 
 now upon this occasion the best side outward to express a 
 pride in their joy of a hoped perfect correspondence with 
 England. 
 
 Here, at my arrival, I found lying for me, in the hand of a 
 servant of the Duke of Medina de las Torres, a letter from his 
 Excellency, of high welcome to Spain, and no less respect. 
 Here, since my arrival, besides a perpetual court of company 
 and entertainments of the best above stairs, and ranks of sol- 
 diers, with multitudes of others below, upon my account, in 
 this famous palace of the King, where I am lodging in his Ma- 
 jesty's own bedchamber, as royally furnished as when himself 
 was in it, visits I have received in form from their Excellency 
 the City, by their Representatives ; from their Sefioria the Au- 
 diencia, by their E,egente ; from their Senoria the Contrata- 
 cion House, by their Presidente ; and from his lUustrissima 
 the Archbishop, being at present sick, by message ; all which 
 I have repaid respectively ; and to-morrow, God willing, set 
 forth towards Cordova ; perceiving beforehand that my salida 
 K 2 
 
268 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 will be proportionable to my entrada. The conclusion I make 
 of the whole is, ' thus shall it be done to the man whom the 
 King our Master is pleased to honour/ and the King of Spain, 
 for his Majesty's sake, as far as outward ceremony can testify 
 it ; well, hoping that neither his Majesty, nor any other at 
 home, will apprehend I take aught of this as done to my per- 
 son, or for any thing of intrinsic value supposed to be in me, 
 but merely as I bear my Master's image and superscription ; 
 his Majesty's prerogative shining the more therein, by how 
 much the metal on which he is stamped hath less of value in 
 itself. Not a compliment, which will be always a saucy thing, 
 as well as impertinent, with a man's prince ; but a sober and 
 natural inference, at least so understood by such as could wish 
 it were otherwise." Ihid. p. 36. 
 
 TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. 
 
 [See Memoirs, p. 182, 183,] 
 
 Cordova, 
 
 7 April, 
 
 '*'■ My last journal — such I call all letters of mine as relate 
 only to my motions towards Madrid — with something of the 
 splendid and ceremonious entertainment of his Majesty's Am- 
 bassador, from place to place, more or less as the places them- 
 selves are more or less eminent and plentiful, was dated at 
 Seville, ^s aiartii, lees ^nd figured 7. 
 
 ^ 2Aprilis, 16G4, ° 
 
 The next day, according to the account I then made, de- 
 parted from Seville, accompanied out of the city abou ta mile 
 by the Conde Assistente, and divers other of the nobility and 
 gentry of that place, and was guarded by foot soldiers quite 
 through the city, with colours displayed, and abased as I 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 269 
 
 passed by, and muskets discharged ; a company of foot having 
 been upon my guard all the while I stayed there, as in all 
 other places of note. 
 
 That night I came to Carmona, a city formerly considerable 
 for the lofty situation, strong, and pleasant palace there of the 
 Kings of Castile, and were the last which held out for Don 
 Pedro the Cruel; both the one and the other now ruinous 
 enough. About half a league short thereof, I was met by the 
 magistrates and gentry of the place, and by them conducted 
 to my lodging ; having placed a company of foot at the en- 
 trance into the town, who discharged their muskets, &c. 
 
 From Carmona, the next day, to Fuentes ; a very pleasant 
 and healthful small town, from whence the Marquis, uncle to 
 the now Duke Medina Sidonia, had his title. From Fuentes, 
 the next day, to Ezija; which, in respect of the great heats 
 thereof at some times, is called ' the Frying-pan of Andaluzia,' 
 yet we, upon the 5th of April, their style, found it cold 
 enough. I was there very civilly and splendidly lodged and 
 entertained for two days ; being, indeed, an extraordinary 
 place. Our company and cattle harassed ; and foreseeing 
 we must make a halt at Cordova till the Holy Week, now 
 begun, were past, and therefore to no purpose to hurry thither. 
 
 From Eziia, ^sth March j arrived at Cordova, where now I 
 
 '' ' 7th April, ' 
 
 am : where also my reception vnthout this most ancient and 
 famous city, by the Corregidor and gentry thereof, the flower 
 of all Spain for extraction and civility, was, and our lodging 
 and treatment of all sorts within is, and is like to be, do what 
 we can, and the Lent season too, to avoid and qualify it, such 
 as will require a letter apart, and more lines therein, to abbre- 
 viate it only, than the feasting and pastimes themselves will 
 probably allow me leisure for whilst I am here ; and therefore 
 I must defer that to another occasion." — Ibid. p. 44. 
 
270 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 TO AIR. SECRETARY BENNET. 
 
 [See MEMOiRs, p. 183 — 18G.] 
 Ballocas, one league from Madrid, 7th May, 16G4, stilo hd. 
 
 " My last from Cordova, 29th of March, N. S. 7th of April, 
 carried on the journal of my great reception and entertainment 
 in my way up to Madrid, to the day of the date thereof. 
 
 What was afterwards in the same city, whilst I remained 
 there, which was until Tuesday in Easter week — because those 
 gentlemen would needs make the King of England's Ambas- 
 sador dijiesta of canas upon the Monday, at the rate of taking 
 up their horses from verde* on purpose for it; and since, in 
 all other places proportionably, particularly in Toledo, where 
 there was another Jicsta of bulls given, was every way rather 
 exceeding than inferior to any thing that was elsewhere be- 
 fore, until my safe arrival at this very place, which I reckon my 
 journey's end; and by earnest suit to this Court from Seville, 
 did obtain it might be so esteemed by them ; leaving me here 
 to my own expense and disposal, although I have as yet no 
 house provided for me in Madrid ; notwithstanding all dili- 
 gence towards it by the Aposentadores there, upon the King's 
 special command, and also by such private persons as I myself 
 have employed not to stick at any just rate for a good one, 
 upon my particular account, with advance of a year's rent in 
 plata dolle, and so to be continued, as long as the house 
 should be used by me, upon merchant security : such a dearth 
 there is really of accommodations of this nature for the pre- 
 sent, and for a long time hath been ; yet there want not 
 descants, that there is some great mystery of slate in the 
 
 * i. e. From grass. 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 271 
 
 matter, which doubtless will fly as far as Paris, if not reach 
 London. 
 
 Postscript. — Since my arrival in this village, and that my 
 present want of a house in Madrid is more murmured at there 
 than needs, considering the King is absent, and moreover, 
 though I am much straitened in matter of lodgings, yet that I 
 have a very large and pleasant garden thereunto belonging, to 
 expatiate and refresh myself and wearied family in, I received 
 a message from Baron Battevil to this effect, besides general 
 tenders of all manner of service which is in his power; that he 
 is at present (as in truth he is) sick, or else would have waited 
 upon me himself in person ; but that he will with all his 
 heart quit his house to me — which I am told is a very fine 
 one, as he hath made it, with chargeable additions of his 
 own, in the midst of the Calle de Alcala, with a fair gar- 
 den to it, and that it is no compliment at all. This I have 
 thought reasonable to advertise in England, tliough not to 
 accept."— 7^20?. p. 63—66, 
 
 FROM THE DUKE DE MEDINA DE LAS TORRES, 
 TO SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 
 
 Madrid, 27th of May, 1664. 
 
 " The Bull-feast will be on Thursday next ; and by reason 
 that your Excellency seems desirous to be a spectator incognito, 
 I have taken care to procure you a shady balcony in the first 
 story. I have likewise ordered a window to be secured for 
 your Excellency's retinue. If there be anything more wherein 
 I can serve your Excellency, I hope you will freely command 
 
272 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 it, as I shall be always forward to serve you. God keep your 
 Excellency, and grant you the long life I desire." — Ibid. 
 p. 86. 
 
 TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. 
 
 Ballecas, ^J May, 1664. 
 
 " The Duke of Aveiro had recovered, by final sentence, the 
 17th of May, the two dukedoms of Maqueda and Najara. 
 Maqueda he hath ; for Najara he hath not yet sued, but keeps it 
 in the decks : then Maqueda is a great deal better worth than 
 I thought, valued by some at sixty thousand ducats per an- 
 num, at forty thousand generally ; and moreover his sister, (as 
 a domestic, who you know, of that family, tells me,) as a con- 
 sequent of the late sentence, will recover for, or towards, her 
 dowry, a deposited arrear of between three or four hundred 
 thousand ducats. She was lately, in all appearance, very near 
 marriage with the heir of the Conde de Oropesa ; but quite 
 broke off before this sentence, upon point of alimony, and 
 liberty of rewarding her own attendants out of her own es- 
 tate, in case of future dissension. I am particular in the 
 domestic concernments of this family when they come in 
 my way, though the passages relate nothing of interest 
 of state, in regard to that esteem of their persons,* which 
 
 *The following passage occurs in Sir Richard's instructions: "You shall 
 visit, in our name, the Duke of Aveiro and his sister, assuring them of our 
 friendship and particular concernments for their persons, for the name and 
 royal blood of which they are descended, and promising them all effects of it 
 in our power, especially if the agreement between the two Crowns give us an 
 opportunity to have any part in the restitution of their estates, with all other 
 good offices, which shall happen to be in our power." — Ibid. p. 17. 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 273 
 
 his Majesty's instruction to me on that behalf doth ex- 
 press, and knowing yourself to be particularly an honourer 
 of them. 
 
 Upon the 22nd current, Ascension-day at night,* after a play 
 in the palace, upon a slight occasion of snappish words, unless 
 there were something of old grudge or rivalship in the case, 
 the Marquis of Albersan, challenging Don Domingo Guzman, 
 and he fought under the palace, near the Marquis de Castel 
 Rodrigo's house in the Florida, where Don Domingo gave the 
 Marquis that whereof he died. The next morning they that 
 knew the Marquis to be so near and dear to the Conde de 
 Castrillo as he was, and knew Don Domingo to be the Duke of 
 St. Lucar's son, knowing withal how well that Conde and 
 Duke do love one another, and how they do both divide the 
 Spanish world between them in power, will conclude this pri- 
 vate accident hath an influence upon the public ; indeed so 
 great a one, as hath seemed for some days past to make a va- 
 cation in Court, that I may not call it an inter-reign, or the 
 dividing of a kingdom against itself. 
 
 For since, and upon, this accident, all seems of a light flame 
 between these duumviri, to so high a degree, that each cross- 
 ing whatsoever the other promotes, the most of others of qua- 
 lity take sides, and such as appear neuters with the monarchy 
 a monopoly in either of their hands ; weeping over the graves 
 of the Conde, Duque, and Don Luis de Haro, because they 
 were absolute and sole favourites in their generations > attribu- 
 ting to this very cause the seeming disproportion, if not con- 
 tradiction, between my reception in, and conduction from, 
 Cadiz, hitherto, and now my long demurrage so near the Court, 
 for want of a house in it, and prophesying already that this 
 
 * In 1664 Ascension-day fell on the nineteenth of May. 
 N 5 
 
274 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 animosity and emulation will gangrene into tlie substance, as 
 well as accidents, of my embassy. 
 
 I do not here pretend to paint unto his Majesty the state of 
 Spain, but the populace of it; asking more time, by a great 
 number of years, to understand the former, though but in, a 
 competent measure, than I hope his Majesty will give me ; 
 and if his Majesty would, God will not. I have learned by 
 the yet invincible ignorance of some Foreign Ambassadors 
 to England, (an open-breasted country ! — how apt they are 
 to mistake,) who, (begging the question, in the first place, 
 of their own personal abilities,) can never be convinced 
 that Mas vce el loco en su casa, que el cuerdo en la agena. — 
 Whilst I am writing, I am called to entertain the Count 
 de Marcin,* who is upon the way from Madrid to find me 
 out in this obscurity, contrary to the style of Spain, but~ 
 suitable to the freedom of a soldier, and of a subject 
 of his Majesty, as to his most noble Sovereignty of the Gar- 
 ierr^lbid. p. 90. 
 
 * Jolin Caspar Ferdinand de Marcin, Count de Gravillo, Marquis de Clare- 
 mont d'Antrague, &c. Captain-General of the Spanish Service, was Lieute- 
 nant-General of Charles the Second's forces by sea and land, and was elected 
 a Knight of the Garter in 1658. 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 275 
 
 TO HIS EXCELLENCY DENZILL LORD HOLLES, 
 
 AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY IN THE COURT OF FRANCE. 
 FOR HIS majesty's SPECIAL SERVICE. 
 [See Mkmoirs, pp. 187, 188.] 
 
 Madrid, Jnne^^' 1G64. 
 
 20 
 
 " My Lord, 
 
 " After a long progress from Cadiz to Ballecas, a village one 
 league distant from this Court, and almost as long a paren- 
 thesis there — which the French Court will say was no elegant 
 piece of oratory, nor the middle at all proportionable to 
 the beginning with me, whatever the end may prove — upon 
 the 8th instant I arrived happily at my journey's end howso- 
 ever ; where, as speedily then as myself could possibly in any 
 measure be ready for it, namely, upon the 18th, both stilo loci, 
 I received my public audience of entrada at the King's palace, 
 in the same form, neither more or less, as my predecessors 
 have ever done ; and only two days having since intervened, 
 as by the account doth appear, within two or three more from 
 the date of this, the King removing to-day unto the Buen Re- 
 tiro, I do expect my first private audience. 
 
 Being thus fixed, after long running, in the centre of my 
 negotiation, I do presume to beg from your Excellency, and 
 hereby to begin on my part, a mutual correspondence ; first 
 in order to the service of our Hoyal master, whereunto we are 
 both obliged in common ; secondly, to that of your Excellency, 
 whereunto myself in particular. 
 
 To begin with what concerns my embassy, being so much 
 a fresh man as your Excellency sees I am in this Court, visible 
 it is by what proceeds, I can as yet have nothing to descant or 
 
276 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 touch upon, but matter of ceremony only from and towards 
 me, divisible into two considerations ; the first, in reference 
 to the past, of which I have already said the same hath been, 
 as from, and to, other Ambassadors, in all this and all other 
 ages ; the second, in reference to the present concurring Am- 
 bassadors, and other public ministers of this Court ; and now 
 upon this branch I shall, with your Excellency's patience, if 
 I may presume so much, dilate myself so far as to the heads 
 only of what hath past, in fact, as followeth. 
 
 I need not tell your Excellency, because it differs not from 
 the custom of all or most Courts, until abuses thereof enforced 
 an alteration in some, that in this, always heretofore. Ambas- 
 sadors and other Foreign Ministers upon the place, did send 
 their families to accompany new comers to their first public 
 audience, and this went round. Therefore, accordingly, I 
 was now, in my turn, to expect this function towards me, as I 
 did. The Master of the Ceremonies thereupon, who is a man 
 new in his place, advertised me in writing, that this, since 
 Henry the Eighth's time, was never practised to, nor by. 
 Ambassadors of England. Finding this matter of fact utterly 
 mistaken, I replied. Soon after he brought me a message 
 from the King, that I should not expect this ceremony ; but 
 still upon the same misgrounded supposition, therefore unto 
 this likewise I replied. Finally, his Majesty, having weighed 
 my last reply, by the Secretary of State for the North, Don 
 Blasco de Loyola, coming to my house the evening before 
 my audience, signified to me, that for certain reasons, what- 
 soever was heretofore in practice of that kind, it must thence- 
 forward be no more, from or towards English, or any Ambas- 
 sador whatsoever in this Court, the which being his Majesty's 
 own order, in his own kingdom, and equally indifferent to 
 all, my answer to the Secretary was, — That for the present 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 277 
 
 I saw no further cause of reply, but would and did submit 
 thereunto. 
 
 The like signification was at the same time sent to all other 
 Ambassadors and Foreign Ministers here that they would not 
 send, the which, in compliance therewith, they forbear, all but 
 the French, who upon the very morning, the hour of my audi- 
 ence approaching, sent four of his gentlemen, with one of his 
 coaches, to accompany me. The Marquis de Malpica, mayor- 
 domo of the week, and Captain of the German guard, in behalf 
 of the Marquis of Salinas, proprietor thereof, happening to be 
 my conductor, with his guard, did a little expostulate with 
 those gentlemen, why they came contrary to his Majesty's 
 order ; who replied, their Lord did receive no orders but from 
 his own master, who had sent him very strict ones to perform, 
 I think he said this office in particular, at least, in general, all 
 offices of amity to the Ambassador of the King of England, 
 his Christian Majesty's most dear brother and ally. In fine, 
 accompany me they did, and very civilly comported them- 
 selves, both unto the palace, which was customary, but now 
 forbid, and home again, which was never done before, by the 
 family of any Ambassador, to any other whatsoever in this 
 Court. They did insist that their Ambassador's coach should 
 precede my second coach, which was not denied them, being a 
 civil expedient practised in all or most other courts ; the ordi- 
 nary style of this, and practised, by these individual French 
 themselves towards public ministers of the lowest rank, as they 
 avowed to me the same morning, in the presence both of the 
 Marquis and the Master of Ceremonies, and expressly a majori, 
 that whenever I should send in the like case to accompany a 
 new comer from France, the same measure would never be 
 scrupled towards me. 
 
 For this obliging piece of gallantry to the King of England's 
 
278 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 Ambassador, endeared by the singularity, by the opposition of 
 the Spanish Court, and by the supererogation of his followers ex- 
 tending it in part beyond the example of others, when the same 
 was in custom, I wrote my thanks yesterday unto his Excel- 
 lency, who answered, that if he had not had the orders of the 
 King his master to pay me the respects he did, it would have 
 sufficed for obliging him thereunto, to know that the King of 
 England's Mother is his Master's Aunt. My Lord, there are 
 in this Court, who seem of opinion, that this excess of cour- 
 tesy from the French Ambassador, is not sound within, looking 
 one way and rowing another ; which, say they, will shortly 
 appear. For my own part, I am quite of another mind ; and 
 hitherto I am sure, in farther demonstrations of kindness and 
 civility, he foUoweth suit with the forwardest, if in that he was 
 the single unfollowed precedent. I am, my Lord, your Ex- 
 cellency's most faithful, and ever most obedient Servant. 
 
 Richard Fanshawe."— ii-ir/, p. 106. 
 
 TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. 
 
 [See Memoirs, p. 188 and~p. 191.] 
 Madrid, Wednesday, the 15th June, 1664, English Style. 
 
 " I write this, being just now returned from my first pri- 
 vate audience of his Catholic Majesty, which was given me in 
 the Buen Re tiro, and therein did deliver myself in the sense of 
 my instructions and directions ; not in many words, because 
 the King's weak state of body will not allow it; but with much 
 plainness and humble freedom, concerning the languishing and 
 desperate condition in which the peace and commerce between 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHA.WE. 279 
 
 the Crowns and nations have long lain gasping, and expecting 
 an utter dissolution, by frequent violations of articles in several 
 manners." — Ibid. p. 113. 
 
 Madrid, Wednesday, 25th June, 1664. 
 
 " In the first place, having procured his Catholic Majesty to 
 be prepared to expect it, I delivered myself in English, and 
 in the express words of my instructions, only changing the 
 person, as foUoweth, viz. 
 
 *■ The most Serene King of Great Britain, my Master, hath 
 charged me, after kissing your Majesty's feet with due reve- 
 rence, to represent unto your Catholic Majesty, that some un- 
 happy accidents intervening, have occasioned his not perform- 
 ing this part towards your Majesty sooner, in return of those 
 congratulatory embassies which your most Serene Majesty sent 
 unto him immediately upon his late happy restoration to his 
 kingdoms. His most Serene Majesty commanded me to add 
 farther, that neither those accidents, nor any other, of what 
 nature soever, have been, or can be able, to lessen his esteem 
 of your royal person and friendship, or the obligations he had 
 to your most Serene Majesty in the time of his adversity ; and 
 that therefore your Majesty may assure yourself, that his 
 Majesty will be ready in all times to make proportionable 
 returns.' 
 
 With this, and the delivering to his Catholic Majesty, 
 first my Latin credential, then the respects of the whole Royal 
 Family of England, in general words, and particularly a letter 
 from his Royal Highness ; also, his Majesty's leave first asked, 
 presenting my comrades one after another to do their obeis- 
 ance, I made my retreat in the accustomed manner. 
 
 The like respectively, immediately after, in the Queen's 
 
280 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 side, to her Majesty, unto whom I presented his Majesty's 
 letter, and afterwards two others from their Royal Highnesses ; 
 then a comphment to the Empress, so treated as to title, but 
 ranked as to place, because not yet espoused, beneath the 
 Queen her mother, and would have been also, (had his High- 
 ness been there present, as was intended, but that it proved 
 either his sleeping or eating hour,) beneath her brother the 
 Prince ; all which seemed very graciously accepted ; and here 
 no English at all was spoken. Lastly, a dumb show of salute, 
 as you know the custom to be, after the Queen and Empress, 
 to every particular dame ; and in the close of this ceremony, 
 as well towards their Majesties as the ladies, my comrades had 
 all of them leave to follow me. 
 
 The evening, and near that time it was before we had gotten 
 home and eaten our breakfast, was wholly spent by me in ex- 
 pected visits to the Duke of Medina de las Torres, and the 
 rest of the Council, the President of Castile (quatenus such) 
 only excepted by me, as likewise by all other Ambassadors of 
 the first class used to be. This is the reason why, for haste, 
 having only a piece of the night for my own before the post 
 departs, I write to you bare matter of fact in this misshapen 
 way hidierto ; and in another point, perhaps of more import 
 in the consequence than all the rest, I must be forced, for the 
 same reason, to go yet less, only touching thereupon very briefly 
 for the present. 
 
 You well know a custom of this Court, and I believe of 
 most others likewise, till abuses thereof enforced an alteration 
 in some, that Ambassadors and other Foreign Ministers upon 
 the place, send their families to accompany any new comers 
 to their first public audience ; and this went round. Accord- 
 ingly, I was now to expect this function towards me, as I 
 did." 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 281 
 
 [Sir Richard then repeats precisely what he stated in his 
 Letter to Lord Holies. — See pages 276, 277.] 
 
 So that hitherto, as to this action, they can have nothing 
 to boast of, but an excess of civility towards the crown 
 of England, or the person of our Royal Master. In return 
 whereunto, his Majesty, in my humble opinion, will think fit 
 to command me, or whosoever shall succeed me, to perform 
 the same office towards the successor of this French Ambas- 
 sador. As to both points, which make it worthy of peculiar 
 estimation, that is to say, with an exception in this one parti- 
 cular only, though his Catholic Majesty should continue his 
 present general rule to the contrary ; and although also, even 
 whilst his compliment was generally practised, it was not by 
 any extended so far as to accompany any Ambassador back to 
 his house ; and this the rather, if it shall be found that the 
 French Ambassador, conforming hereafter to the general rule, 
 as to all others, shall have made the English Ambassador his 
 single exception in the case. The experiment will now soon 
 be made, a new Venetian Ambassador being daily expected 
 here ; though possibly he may not have his audience so very 
 soon after, but that, in the interim, I may, upon this clear, 
 though brief, stating of all actions and circumstances to me, as 
 yet appear above ground in this matter, receive his Majes- 
 ty's particular directions and cautions how to carry myself in 
 all events, the which I am exceedingly desirous of; and, in 
 default thereof, will, with all fidelity, proceed and work accord- 
 ing to the best of my understanding. 
 
 If it be not already clear enough from the premises, you 
 may be pleased to take notice, that no one stranger went with 
 me but those French in the Ambassador's coach, which, with- 
 out any least dispute whatsoever, did give place to my princi- 
 pal coach, as mine did to that which brought the Marquis, 
 
282 CORRESPONDENCE OP 
 
 being the King's proper coach, a thing not formerly usual upon 
 these occasions." — Ibid. p. 117. 
 
 SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE TO THE FRENCH 
 AMBASSADOR. 
 
 " I humbly thank your Excellency for the civility you 
 showed to the King my Master, and tlie honour you did me, in 
 sending your coach and domestics to accompany my entry ; 
 and whereof I retain so lively a sense, that I am just going to 
 acquaint my Master with it, not doubting in the least but it 
 will meet with that esteem from him which your Excellency so 
 highly deserves. My instructions, indeed, were to observe a 
 more than ordinary intimacy and amity with your Excellency 
 at this Court, which I shall always continue to do, and where- 
 by I imagine we may not a little contribute towards the good 
 and welfare of both kingdoms. I kiss your Excellency's hands, 
 and wish you a long and prosperous life, being, 
 
 My Lord, 
 Your Excellency's most obliged and most humble Servant, 
 
 Richard Fanshawe." — Ibid. p. 123. 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 283 
 
 TO Mlt. SECRETARY BENNET. 
 
 Madrid, 2 July, 1664, Siilo Loci. 
 
 " The herewith enclosed papers do contain ray complaint of 
 a studied neglect put by a Venetian Ambassador, whom I 
 found in this Court ready to depart the same within a short 
 time, upon the Ambassador of the King of England, in not 
 giving me a visit either of welcome or farewell, as the custom 
 of this and all other Courts do require in the like case ; the 
 which I have thought it my precise duty to represent to the 
 King our Master, as knowing how highly the like neglect in 
 the Court of England, by a Venetian Ambassador also, with 
 others, towards an Ambassador, but of a Duke of Savoy, was 
 resented; his then Majesty himself, in his Princely judgment? 
 condemning the omission, as will here appear in the first 
 place. 
 
 And lest this Venetian Ambassador should justify himself 
 in this towards me, as pretending to be aggrieved by me, be- 
 cause I am entitled by his Catholic Majesty to the house of 
 the Seven Chimeneas, which he was possessed of, and endea- 
 voured to entail the same upon his successor, both against the 
 decree of his Majesty and the consent of the owner, I having 
 both, I do likewise herewith, in the following papers, make it 
 clearly appear, that I did neither think of that individual 
 house, till it was already embargoed for me, nor pursue it 
 afterwards, as most men but myself would have done, being 
 so destitute of conveniences of dwelling as I then was, and 
 yet am, merely out of a respect I bear to the character of an 
 Ambassador. So that, even in this particular, which is all the 
 colour he can have for excuse of not visiting, I have just 
 cause of a second complaint, but this second I totally let pass. 
 
284 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 The other being much taken notice of by this Court as a 
 matter of a more public nature, I humbly submit it to his 
 Majesty's consideration, whether, in his Royal wisdom, he 
 may not think fit to expostulate it with the Senate of Venice; 
 in the mean time, his successor being arrived, I intend to send 
 just such a message to him as his predecessor did to me; but 
 have already declared, with the seeming approbation of all, 
 that I will never give to, nor receive a visit from, this, or any 
 Venetian Ambassador whatsoever, that shall be in this Court 
 while I remain here, unless the King my Master, being ap- 
 plied to by the Republic, shall command it." — Ibid. p. 129. 
 
 TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. 
 
 Madrid, Thursday, 28th July, 1664, English Style. 
 
 " You proceed expressing your gladness to hear I was 
 housed in Madrid, upon which, after my humble thanks for 
 the favour, I must needs observe the expression was very 
 happy, if you rightly understand my case, and happier if you 
 understand it not. Housed I have been here, that is, under a 
 roof, these two months, making a shift with an upper quarter ; 
 such a one, indeed, as the Duke of St. German contained him- 
 self and family in ; but a house I never had till this morning, 
 then I had delivered into my possession the Casa de las siete 
 Chimeneas. 
 
 This house was defended, for the space of time I have 
 mentioned, against the King of Spain, and all his Aposenta- 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 285 
 
 dores,* by two Venetian Ambassadors successively ; the first 
 was really leaving it without any thought, as I am assured, 
 of asking it for his successor ; then the Duke of Medina de 
 las Torres, when I never dreamed of it, and was in pursuit of 
 another, procured it to be embargoed for me in reversion ; 
 this the Venetian apprehends an affront to him and his Re- 
 public ; and whiles off the time of his stay here, to his great 
 inconvenience, in respect of the advancing heats and other- 
 wise, till he had got his successor up to him, marching fu- 
 riously, who, contrary to the King and Council's expectation 
 and express decree, doth amanecer in the Seven Chimeneas, 
 fortifying himself there with his privilege of Ambassador, 
 and makes it point of reputation so to do (patriaeq. suseq. ); 
 in this security his predecessor leaves him about six weeks 
 since, not to be removed with all the King and the Duke have 
 been able to do, without imposition of hands, till the last 
 night. 
 
 I dare confidently say nothing hath troubled both the Am- 
 bassadors so much in this whole business, as that they could 
 never draw me in to make myself a party in the dispute ; for 
 as, at the first, I never asked that individual house ; so when 
 promised and decreed to me, I never insisted upon it, pro- 
 vided some other convenient one were found out for me, or 
 that I myself could find out such a one for my money, and, 
 effectually, about a fortnight since, did contract, under hand 
 and seal, with the owner, for the entire house where I am, 
 upon condition the Court did approve thereof; but the Duke 
 told me, that must not be now, how well soever it might serve 
 
 • Jposentadores are persons belonging to the Household, whose duties 
 resemble those of the Harbingers in that of the Kings of England, namely, to 
 provide lodgings on his journies or progresses. The office of Aposentddor- 
 Mayor is one of great honour and dignity. 
 
286 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 my turn, for the King would be obeyed in his own kingdom, 
 and the Venetian should out. Upon the whole, all circum- 
 stances which I have seen, considered, it is to me apparent 
 enough, that these Ambassadors of Venice, in this contest, did 
 nourish double ambition, either to carry the house against an 
 English Ambassador, or that an English Ambassador should 
 carry it against them ; but my business throughout hath been 
 never to come in any competition or comparison with them. 
 
 This story I have been the longer in, because the matter 
 thereof hath filled this Court, and may do some others, with as 
 much noise, expectation, and, I do believe, secret sidings 
 too, as it had been some very weighty interest of princes or 
 states. 
 
 The heats of this summer have risen here proportionable to 
 what you express of those in England." 
 
 " From a Letter to my Lord Holies, sent by mistake to my 
 Lord Ambassador Fanshawe." 
 
 Whitehall, May 26, 1664. 
 
 " It is truly observed by you, that Monsieur de Lionne doth 
 you wrong in not treating you with ' Excellency,' but then it is 
 truly observed, that that style is quite out of use in that Court, 
 and so much, that Frenchmen of any tolerable quality do not 
 use it to their own Ambassador here, or in any other Court." — 
 Ihid.^. 141. 
 
SIR RICHARD I ANSHAWE. 287 
 
 TO 3IR. SECRETARY RENNET. 
 
 Madrid, Wednesday, . .th July, 16C4. 
 
 " Upon Sunday the 3d, siilo novo, of July, 1 664, being the 
 day of celebrating the Empress's birth, I attended his Ma- 
 jesty with the parabien; also, in the Queen's apartment, her 
 Majesty, the Prince, and Empress : it was the first time I had 
 seen the Prince." — Ibid. p. 142. 
 
 TO MR. SECRETARY RENNET. 
 
 Madrid, Friday the 12th of August, 1654, N.S. 
 
 " The design of the French courtesy in my public audience, 
 even then perceivable and perceived, is now full blown : that 
 the King hath in person expostulated with the Spanish Am- 
 bassador at Paris, why the King his Master would offer, by 
 an innovation in the Spanish Court at that time, to bereave 
 him, the said French King, of an opportunity of vindicating 
 his just precedence of the King of England, and in pursuance 
 thereof hath since sent letters to this Court to the same effect, 
 and to demand restitution of the former custom in first en- 
 trances of Ambassadors from such others as they found here, 
 which demand this French Ambassador hath done and doth 
 manage to that degree of heat, with and in this Court, as, 
 amongst other expressions, to have plainly threatened, that if 
 he were not satisfied in this point, he would himself dispute 
 the precedency with the Ambassador of the Emperor, I can- 
 not say with the Pope's Nuncio too, because that hath not 
 
288 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 been told me, but the sequence is as if it had been so ; for of 
 certain, both the Emperor's Ambassador and Pope's Nuncio, 
 and more, if not all, have addressed themselves to his Ca- 
 tholic Majesty, either by word of mouth or memorial, or both, 
 (the which I do rather believe,) that since the French Ambas- 
 sador did assume that liberty and privilege to himself, as to 
 send his coach and family to the English Ambassador, con- 
 trary to the new order, it might be free for them to do the 
 like to all other hereafter. All these particulars I have had 
 from the Duke de Medina de las Torres; with this farther, 
 that the French King enforced his said demand with many 
 presents ; the Duke told me the matter is suhjudice, and not 
 determined ; therefore, yesterday, having obtained audience, I 
 presented to his Catholic Majesty, according to my late inti- 
 mation to your Honour, the herewith enclosed protest, or not 
 protest, as this or any other Court shall understand it, or ra- 
 ther as the King our Master, in his princely wisdom, shall in- 
 terpret or command me to interpret the same, whose royal 
 directions in the case, long since to be foreseen, I shall now 
 by every post expect, for my better light, in case of revival 
 of the former custom, which, by the packing of the cards, I 
 conceive to be most probable ; keeping myself in the interim 
 that they come not upon my guard, the best I may. 
 
 The Venetian Ambassador's entry, which is next expected, 
 can put me to no diflficulty at all, in respect his predecessor 
 never thought fit to give me a visit, either of welcome when I 
 arrived, or farewell when he departed, whereof I formerly ad- 
 vertised you at large, and how such neglect hath been resented 
 in another age. The Holland Ambassador, now resident mu- 
 tato nomine, will have his entrada soon after ; there will be 
 some scruple, yet no very great one ; on the contrary, 1 think 
 there is a rational query whether I, or any other of the Am- 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 289 
 
 bassadors de Capilla,* should visit him at all. The case is, in 
 his quality of Resident he hath totally declined the visiting 
 either the Emperor's, or me, or the French Ambassador ; be- 
 cause the other two first, and then I, by their example, did not 
 assent to treat him with ' Senoria lUustrissima,' and in our own 
 houses with the hand and upper chair, this latter, of giving him 
 precedence in our own houses, being, I conceive, the only 
 point he absolutely insists upon. Now if we do him wrong in 
 this, why should we not right him whilst he is yet under the 
 notion of Resident ? And if we do him none, why should we 
 visit the Holland Ambassador in our turn, when the Holland 
 Resident, especially, being the same person, will not visit us 
 in this ? 
 
 Here is a Danish Resident, and an Enviado of Genoa, who 
 stand off upon the very same terms both with those Ambassa- 
 dors and with me. The latter having obliged me, by message, 
 to solicit for the King our master's orders to guide me on be- 
 half of his pretence, because I had sent him word, that without 
 such I could not in discretion and civility, being a new comer, 
 vary from the judgment and practice of my seniors in this 
 Court. 
 
 Your Honour, by your long and late experience here, will 
 understand the pinch of this business better than yet I do ; 
 who, by what I can learn, am of opinion, that according to the 
 style of this Court, perhaps of all others likewise, a King's 
 Ambassador, in his own house, doth not give the hand to an- 
 other King's Residetit, much less * ilhistrissima/ twenty years 
 ago ; but then again, I am informed, that now these very Am- 
 bassadors of Germany and France, who may with justice 
 enough make scruple of that, may at the same time give ' illus- 
 
 * Ambassadors of the first class, who have the right to he covered at their 
 audience of the Sovereign to whom they are accredited. 
 
 O 
 
290 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 hissima,^ and, within their own doors the hand, to a Ducal 
 Ambassador, thereby preferring them to their own Residents : 
 an old controversy not easily decided, and yet in a fair way 
 to be so, when by strong inference we shall be found judges 
 against ourselves. I have farther to avow, in justification of 
 my not sending to accompany the Hollander in his entrada, or 
 any other but a new French Ambassador, that having been 
 myself accompanied from none of them who show themselves 
 now so zealous to perform that function to others, I have no 
 reason to perform it towards them, until I shall have received 
 tlie King my master's particular direction therein, after know- 
 ledge of what hath passed. 
 
 This, by way of discussion, not of decision of the question; 
 for although, by my seventeenth instruction, it is very clear I 
 must give not the hand to any King's Ambassador, on which 
 behalf his Majesty shall not need to doubt my zeal, neither, I 
 hope, the success, how roughly soever the precedence may be 
 jostled for, whether by them or theirs ; yet, whether by re- 
 ceiving by such arts as are now on foot, and for such ends as 
 are now declared, the forementioned custom of Ambassadors 
 sending their coaches and families to each others entradas, be 
 such a point of advantage above me, as in the same instruction 
 I am commanded to be wary of; and whether, in that case, I 
 am not to thrust in for a share, in as good a room as I can get 
 by scratching for, since others by their unquietness, or by their 
 inconstancy, impose the necessity, there will be the question ; 
 whereof I do now hope for resolution from his Majesty by 
 every post, of what I formerly writ concerning this matter, 
 then in prospect, and find, by your honour's last, that those 
 despatches were at the writing thereof come newly to hand."'— 
 Ibid. p. 199. 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 291 
 
 TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. 
 
 [See Memoirs, p. 196.] 
 Madrid, Wednesday, 12th of October, 1664, English style. 
 
 " Since my last to you of yesterday, the President of Cas- 
 tile haying by the King's special and angry command, gone 
 forth to the neighbouring villages, attended with the hangman, 
 and whatsoever else of terror incident to his place and dero- 
 gatory to his person, the markets in this town begin to be 
 furnished again plentifully enough, yet so as that the bullion 
 remaining fallen to the half value, bread, wine, and other pro- 
 visions, are held up much higher than they were before in the 
 numerical money ; the reason is, whether upon intelligence or 
 jealousy, the people that sell, do expect a second speedy fall^ in 
 which regard they rather choose to part with their wares upon 
 trust, as many do and will, to receive for the same at the rate 
 money shall go awhile hence, than for present money, though 
 to persons whom before they would have been very scrupulous 
 to have trusted." — Ibid. p. 265. 
 
 TO MR, SECRETARY BENNET. 
 
 [See Memoirs, p. 195.] 
 
 Madrid, Wednesday, 19th of October, 1664, English style. 
 
 " Upon the 10th instant, stilo novo, invited by the delicacy 
 of the weather, and not knowing whether I should have an- 
 other opportunity for it during my residence in this Court, 
 o 2 
 
292 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 together with my family, man, woman, and cliild, I took a 
 small journey by stealth, of three days going and coming, to 
 Aranjuez. 
 
 As soon as it was known that I was gone, the Duke of Me- 
 dina de las Torres sent a post after me, with a letter to myself, 
 of courtly chiding, that I had given the Spanish civility the 
 slip in that manner, with another to the officers of the palace, 
 to perform their part towards me, which was not wanting in 
 any needful degree, although the Propio,* tracing me all the 
 way, could not reach me till I got home again. 
 
 Tor the same reasons, we began another journey, upon 
 Monday last, to the Escurial.f This was not, nor could be 
 kept secret ; therefore the Duke, prompting his Catholic Ma- 
 jesty, se-nt his orders before, by virtue whereof I was lodged in 
 the quarter there of the Duke of Montaldo, Mayor-domo Mayor 
 to the Queen, and of like special order, by the Prior of that 
 most famous monastery, showed, with all demonstrations of 
 courtesy, the much that is there to be seen, besides an extraor- 
 dinary present of provisions, of all which Don Juan Combos, 
 whose company I was favoured with in this excursion, is able, 
 if he pleases, to give you a better account than I. 
 
 Before I was returned half-way to this Court, we met some 
 French, who told us the French Ambassador was following 
 them to the Escurial. Advanced as far as a very small 
 village, about a league from Madrid, the highway lying by a 
 single house, at the outskirts thereof, at the door of the same, 
 w'ere two that wear his livery, of whom one of my people, 
 asking whether the French Ambassador was coming towards 
 the Escurial ? they replied ' No ;' but that his Excellency was 
 
 * The Duke's courier. 
 
 t Lady Fanshawe, p. 196, says they wtnt to the Ej^curial on the 27th of 
 Cctoher. Her Ladyship calculated by the new, and Sir Eichard by tlie eld style. 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 293 
 
 in that village, and thence immediately to return to Madrid. 
 That is all I yet know pertaining to that matter ; unless this 
 be, that it hath rained plentifully from morning to night, 
 being, as the year hath fallen out, very extraordinary, the first 
 day here of winter. Thus much may be built upon as a cer- 
 tainty, that neither the palace here upon Monday morning 
 when I went, nor the Escurial this morning when I left it, 
 had the least notice or inkling of any intention of the French 
 Ambassador to go thither at this time. 
 
 A report there hath been for some days whispered, that the 
 said Ambassador is revoken. To notify which the more, it is 
 possible he might design this visit to the Escurial, which is 
 commonly left to the last by all public persons from abroad." — 
 Ibid. p. 267. 
 
 TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. 
 
 Madrid, Wednesday, 12th of November, 1664, N. S. 
 
 " On Monday last, in the afternoon, I should by appoint- 
 ment have had a conference with the Duke of Medina de las 
 Torres, but in the morning his Excellency sent to excuse it 
 for that time, upon notice then arrived of the death of his 
 kinsman, the Duke of Medina Sidonia, which obliged him to 
 the offices which those cases require. 
 
 The manner of this Duke's death, like his quality, was ex- 
 traordinary. His Excellency was, for his diversion and recrea- 
 tion, being as then in good health to all outward appearance, 
 and not much stricken in years, at a town of his own, not far 
 from Valladolid, where you know his constant appointed abode 
 
294 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 was ; in that place of recreation, his Excellency had some num- 
 ber of dogs, newly given him, the which, looking out of his 
 windows, he happened to see worrying a poor woman. They 
 neither killed nor maimed her, but the Duke's apprehension 
 was so great they would do the one or the other, that violently 
 crying out from the place where he was unto his people to pre- 
 vent it, he fell into a sudden ecstacy ; from that into a deep 
 melancholy, and from that into a fever, which dispatched him 
 before his physicians could come from Valladolid ; so thereby 
 verifying in his particular the surname of his family, de puro 
 hueno mtirio.^' 
 
 Upon the 7th of November, N.S.I gave the King, Queen, 
 Prince, and Empress, the paraUen of the Prince's birth- 
 day. The day itself was the precedent, and then it was that I 
 desired audience to that end, by the Master of the Ceremo- 
 nies ; but it was appointed me, as I have said, to avoid con- 
 currence with others, as I do believe, according either to the 
 old or new style of this Court, the which I have formerly men- 
 tioned. However, for the English Ambassador alone, as 
 might be supposed, all the royal persons put themselves de 
 gala, both as to apparel and humour. True it is, to make up 
 the jollity enough for two days at least, there met in one, and 
 the parabien was accordingly both from the other Ambassa- 
 dors the day before, and from me then, the Peace of Germany, 
 and the Prince's birth-day, and both were very well taken."— 
 Hid. p. 290. 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE, 295 
 
 TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. 
 
 Madrid, Monday, 14th of November, 1664, English style. 
 
 " Inclosed with this, I send you a print of that new inven- 
 tion here for ploughing, which you did lately command me 
 to enquire out."* — lUd. p. 321. 
 
 TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. 
 
 [See Memoirs, p. 203.] 
 
 Madrid, Wednesday, 14th of December, 1664, 0. S. 
 
 " These five or six nights last past here hath appeared a very 
 strange blazing star, so high and so clear that I presume it 
 must needs have been seen in England likewise, and therefore 
 forbear to give any description or judgment thereof, the people 
 of this country not being so curious in such matters as ours 
 are there. 
 
 Yesterday I went to give the King and Queen the nova 
 I'uena of her Majesty's birth-day, which was the day before. 
 jfVs soon as I came from the King, the Dutch Ambassador was 
 called in ; and at his coming out, it being a very dry day, 
 and we having an hour to spend before the Queen would be 
 
 * Mr. Bennet, in a letter to Sir Richard Fanshawe, dated 29th of Septem- 
 t?er, 1664, observed, " Sir George Downing tells me of a new invention of a 
 plough in Spain. I beseech your Excellency to enquire after it. He saith an 
 Italian hath made it, and thaj it is not only received in Spain, but sent into the 
 Indies also, for the good of their land." — Ibid. p. 279. 
 
296 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 ready to receive us, I invited him into my coach, and we took 
 a turn in the town, which caused almost as much wonder in 
 this people as the blazing star ; and indeed I did it to that 
 end partly, there being no offence in it that I know, so long 
 as his Majesty hath an Envoy in Holland, and the States an 
 Ambassador in England. The truth is, many of this people 
 begin to apprehend, that our disputes with them will have 
 a quite other issue, and a very different operation, as other 
 interests, and Spain amongst the rest, than Spain imagined. 
 
 Last night was before the palace a masquerade on horse- 
 back. I had a balcony appointed me in the armouiy over the 
 stables of his Majesty : the Dutch Ambassador, another for 
 him next below mine, the rest of the Ambassadors in an en- 
 tresuelo of the palace. 
 
 Mine I left to my gentlemen, and sat myself with the Duke 
 of Medina de las Torres, at his quarters in the palace ; my 
 wife in another room thereby with the Duchess." — Rid. 
 p. 376. 
 
 TO THE LORD CHANCELLOR. 
 
 Madrid, the 24th of January, 1664, N. S. 
 
 " My Lord, 
 ■ " I send your Lordship herewith enclosed, two transcripts, 
 he one of a project, at making of which I was never good ; 
 but this is of a peace, and therefore I wish I were ; a peace 
 between Castile and Portugal, hardly practicable upon any 
 terms, as I do humbly conceive, much less upon these, pro- 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 297 
 
 posed by an unknown author, with regard to either side; yet 
 I have thought them not unworthy your Lordship's notice, as 
 possibly more practicable elsewhere, as to form, and in a great 
 measure as to matter likewise, than in the altitude for which 
 they were designed. 
 
 The other transcript is of a fresh libel, in and upon this 
 Court and palace ; a commodity I have in my nature no incli- 
 nation at all to vent, either by wholesale or retail ; yet is this 
 fit also, in my humble judgment, for persons of great near- 
 ness to his Majesty not to be unacquainted with, representing 
 sores which are in foreign kingdoms, whereby to praise God 
 the more for the modesty of ours at home, as ours for the 
 great goodness of his Majesty that stops our mouths, or rather 
 fills them with prayers to God and him ; not censuring other 
 princes, neither for the liberties of their subjects in their dis- 
 paragement, much less these of Spain, than whom, from all 
 times, none talk more against, or (our own nation only except- 
 ed) act more for, their kings. This damnable libel doth not 
 spare one Councillor of State here present, but the Inquisidor 
 General; and to crown the damnation of it, the King himself 
 bears the burden, besides the smaller game it picks up by the 
 way. So more than ordinary black is the Spanish ink at this 
 day, and the mouths of two too many, loud ones too, much of 
 the same dye. 
 
 This King, by what I can collect, as crazy as he is, may rub 
 out many years : his Majesty eats and drinks ordinarily with 
 a very good stomach, I am told, three comfortable meals a 
 day ; and fall of merry discourse, when and where his lined 
 robe of Spanish royal gravity is laid aside. 
 
 Some discourse begins to be of swearing the Prince. The 
 sending the Infanta this spring to her Imperial Crown is abso- 
 lutely concluded, say the most, and some say no. Certain it is, 
 o 5 
 
298 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 (the ceremony of this kingdom requiring it,) that a Cardinal iu 
 the spiritual, and some very great lay-person in the temporal, 
 should be joint conductors of her Imperial Majesty ; for the 
 first, Cardinal Colonna, a vassal born of this Crown, cliosen 
 by the Pope, is now actually entered in this Court to the same 
 ^nd; and for the second, the Duke of Cardona, invited there- 
 unto by his Catholic Majesty, after many great ones, namely, 
 the Duke of Alva and Montaldo, had refused or excused it, 
 hath publicly accepted the charge. 
 
 By this latter hangs a story. Your Lordship well knows, 
 that in these more civilized countries, no man will go upon his 
 master's errand without a reward beforehand (so the Marquis 
 of Sande, the Conde de Molina, and others - innumerable,) 
 therefore his Catholic Majesty, even after acceptance as a 
 thing of course, was graciously pleased to bid the said Duke 
 of Cardona propose for himself, referring him for that pur- 
 pose to the Duke's friend, the Conde de Castrillo, President 
 of Castile. The Duke tells the Conde he must have three 
 things granted him in hand, else would he not budge a foot. 
 * What are those V said the Conde, in some disorder. ' First,' 
 said the Duke, ' I will be made a grandee of Spain,' and his 
 Excellency is so, I take it three or four times over : ' Secondly, 
 I will have the Toison/ he has it long since : ' Thirdly, the 
 Conde de Chinchon shall treat me with Excellency.' The 
 riddle of this is, that the said Conde de Chinchon, being no 
 Grandee, and nominated for Ambassador Ordinary to the 
 Emperor, though since excused of going, for want of health, 
 or other allegations, doth, upon that account alone, during 
 life, according to the style of this Court, remain with the title 
 of Excellency. This action of the Duke of Cardona is here 
 very much celebrated, and the saying little less." — Ibid 
 p. 420. 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHA.WE. 299 
 
 TO THE KING. 
 
 [See Memoirs, p. 214.] 
 Madrid, Monday, 6th of February, 1664-5, O. S. 
 
 " May it please your Majesty, 
 " The bearer hereof, Mr. Charles Bertie, son to the Earl of 
 Lmdsey, having done me the honour, together with other gen- 
 tlemen of rank and personal worth, to afford me his company 
 out of England hitherto, and now with them homewards bound 
 by the way of France ; I find myself encouraged by the op- 
 portunity of so noble a hand for conveyance, to give your Ma- 
 jesty this first immediate troulDle of any lines of mine, since I 
 had last the happiness to kiss that of your Majesty, as well to 
 throw myself, in all humility, at your royal feet, as to render 
 very briefly a faithful character of this young : gentleman, in 
 a more particular manner, whose virtues and extraordinary 
 qualities, the former not lost, the latter acquired with 
 much travels at few years, do no whit degenerate from the 
 rfobility of his blood, and active loyalty of his progenitors ; 
 my duty to your Majesty, as well as my aff'ection to his per- 
 son, obliging me ex officio to this short testimony of his merits 
 unrequested, to the end so hopeful a branch of that house may 
 not want even this means among others, of being early known 
 to his Sovereign, I could humbly wish I could add, his master 
 too, and that in some near degree of service to your sacred 
 person, for the present, in order to public employment for the 
 future ; towards which, as years shall increase, and occasions 
 be ministered, he is already furnished, in a very good measure, 
 with two principal and proper gifts, that of tongues, and that 
 
300 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 of observation. But I forget to whom I speak, for which most 
 humbly begging your royal pardon, I crave leave to subscribe 
 myself," he— Ibid. p. 437. 
 
 TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. 
 
 Madrid, Tuesday, If April, 1665. 
 
 " This King, with the Queen and Empress, have now been 
 Hlmost a fortnight at Aranjuez, to their great content, and also 
 of this Court, to hear his Majesty is so vigorous there, as at 
 one time to have set on horseback a matter of three hours, and 
 in that posture to have killed a wolf from his own hands ; 
 whereas, before his going hence, it was doubted by many whe- 
 ther he had sufficient health and strength to perform the jour- 
 ney, though but seven leagues, in a coach or litter, and that in 
 two days. The little Prince remains here in the palace, as far 
 as I can learn, ;iothing so lively as his father ; pray God he 
 prove so lasting ! 
 
 In this interim, Don John de Austria hath had leave to re- 
 side at a house within two leagues of Aranjuez, and from 
 thence stepping over to get a sight of his Majesty, which he 
 did. The ceremony between them was very short, and yet 
 all that passed was ceremony ; Como venis P Como estays ? 
 Dios OS guarde, S^c. with which his Highness departed to the 
 Queen and Empress, and from thence to whence he came, 
 after the same brief ceremony ; only the Queen and Empress 
 sent him each of them a jewel for a present." — Harkian MSS. 
 7010, f. 239. 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 301 
 
 TO LORD ARLINGTON. 
 
 [See Memoirs, p. 219.] 
 
 Madrid, Wednesday, August 1665. 
 
 " My last to your Lordship of this day was a sennight, 
 made mention of a conference I was to have the Friday fol- 
 lowing with the Duke of Medina de las Torres, but it hap- 
 pened the same Wednesday night I fell so extremely sick as 
 forced me on Thursday to send my excuse to his Excellency, 
 continuing my bed all that day, and since my house, though, 
 I thank God, with some amendment daily, and now to such a 
 competent degree of health and strength, that upon Friday next 
 I hope our meeting will hold. 
 
 In the mean time, upon occasion of my wife's being brought 
 to bed, on Sunday, the Duke hath been with me to give me 
 the joy of my son, yet so as not to mingle therewith one word 
 of business, making that expressly a piece of the compliment; 
 the rest consisting of great riches of jewels upon his person, 
 and extraordinary splendour of equipage." — Ihid. f. 346. 
 
 TO LORD ARLINGTON. 
 
 [See Memoirs, p. 220.] 
 
 Madrid, Thursday,^ September, 1665. 
 
 " My letter to your Lordship, delivered his Catholic Ma- 
 jesty, King Philip the Fourth, in a condition utterly deplored 
 by most, though with a little spark of hope in some, even phy- 
 
302 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 sicians, upon a lightening that showed itself before death as it 
 proved, his Majesty giving up the ghost this morning between 
 four and five of the clock, witnessed immediately by all the bells 
 in the town; this being somewhat observable in my opinion, 
 that neither his Majesty's sickness, nor his death, was con- 
 cealed one moment from the people. Some care is taken that 
 the news thereof shall not be sent out of these kingdoms till it 
 hath first gone by their own Correos, stopping all others. 
 
 In observation of the custom which ought to be observed in 
 like cases, the Council of the Chamber of Castile met to open 
 his ]\Iajesty's testament, which he left closed ; the which ac- 
 cordingly was opened and read before the President and said 
 Council, by Don Blasco de Loyola, Secretary of the Universal 
 Dispatch : this was done at eleven of the clock this forenoon. 
 His Majesty left the Queen declared Governess of his king- 
 doms, assisted by four counsellors ex-qfficio, viz. the Arch- 
 bishop of Toledo, that is or shall be ; the President of Castile, 
 that is or shall be ; the Vice-Chancellor of Arragon, that is or 
 shall be ; the management of the kingdom, in like cases, be- 
 longing, by ancient laws of the kingdom, to these three dig- 
 nities, though his Majesty should omit to name them; and the 
 Inquisitor-General, that is or shall be : he is introduced by a 
 new law. His Majesty added to this number of four, two 
 more, one for a Grandee of Spain, which is the Marquis of 
 Aytona ; and the other, who is the Conde de Penaranda, for 
 Counsellor of State. His Majesty left for executors of this 
 his will, the Duke of Medina de las Torres, Fray Juan Mar- 
 tinez, who was his Majesty's confessor, and the Marquis de 
 Velada. 
 
 Don John of Austria came post from Consuegra, soliciting 
 to see his Majesty by the means of the President of Castile, 
 who, telling his Majesty that Don John desired his blessing, 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 303 
 
 His Majesty answered, ' He had not called him, and that he 
 should return presently ;' which he did, as soon the King ex- 
 pired. This as to the seeing him at the King's hour of death ; 
 but for all that, it is said, his Majesty had already so far re- 
 membered him in his will as to recommend therein to the 
 Queen and her assistants, his son Don John of Austria, to re- 
 gard him and employ him, and if the means he hath be not 
 found sufficient for his support, to augment the same some 
 other way.* 
 
 It is said it will not be necessary to make more ceremony 
 for the giving of obedience to the new King Charles the Se- 
 cond, than with a banner upon the tower of St. Salvador, to 
 proclaim, " Castilla, Castilla por el Rey Don Carlos Segondo 
 nuestro Serior /" and this ought to be done by the Conde de 
 Chinchon, unto whom, being Regidor of Madrid, it belongs to 
 execute the said ceremony. 
 
 They have embalmed his Majesty, and found in one of his 
 kidneys a stone of the bigness of a chesnut, in the other 
 kind of thin web. They put his dead body, open-faced, with 
 the state accustomed, in the great gilded hall of the Palace ; 
 and upon Saturday, at night, will carry it to the Escurial to be 
 interred in the incomparable Pantheon there, begun by his 
 grandfather, carried on by his father, and finished by himself 
 in his life-time, to a ninth wonder, if the Escurial be the 
 eighth, as the Spaniards term it." — Ibid. f. 387. 
 
 * In the margin, Sir Richard has written, " Sic transit gloria mnndi." 
 
304 CORRESPONDRNCE OF 
 
 TO LORD ARLINGTON. 
 
 Madrid, Wednesday, % October, 1665. 
 
 •"28 
 
 " This evening I have had audience of the young King ; 
 giving him, in our Master's name, first the pesame, and then 
 the parabien of the time. On Friday, begin the honras of the 
 King, his father ; after which, and, as I do believe, on the 5th 
 of the next month, because it is the King's birth-day, the 
 Queen %vill give her first audience to Ambassadors ; none 
 having yet seen her Majesty but the German, and he in his 
 private capacity." — Ibid. f. 415. 
 
 FROM LORD SANDWICH TO SIR RICHARD PANSHAWE. 
 
 [See Memoirs, p. 232.] 
 
 La Coruna, March ?^ 1666. 
 
 ' 30, 
 
 " My Lord, 
 
 " Being arrived at this place through necessity of the wea- 
 ther, which put us off from Santander, whither we were de- 
 signed, I find it requisite to give speedy notice thereof to 
 Madrid, and in the first place to your Excellency; hoping 
 this letter will have the good fortune to meet you there, and 
 if it do, I then beseech you, either from yourself to give no- 
 tice to the Court of my arrival, or direct this gentleman, Mr. 
 Weeden, of whom I have great esteem, to deliver the letter he 
 hath from me to the Secretary of State, a copy whereof is 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 305 
 
 here enclosed, if your Excellency doth not think fit that the 
 same be signified to the Court both ways. I also farther en- 
 treat your favour in sending me such advice for my journey, 
 and procuring me such helps and furtherances therein, as may 
 enable me to accomplish it with most expedition. Mr. Wee- 
 den is fully instructed in the condition of my retinue and car- 
 riage ; and as the affairs of both Crowns, the time of the year, 
 and other circumstances considered, require much haste to be 
 made in this negotiation, so the particular interest of the King 
 our Master, needs as speedy a meeting as can be between 
 your Excellency and me, which I pray to have in your mind, 
 and contrive in the best manner you can. In the meantime, 
 as soon as anything is concluded by you fit for my notice, I 
 pray you to despatch Mr. Weeden back to me, whether I re- 
 main in this place, or shall be on my way to Madrid. I have 
 not more to say unto you fit for a letter, but to desire you to 
 present my most humble service to my noble Lady, and that 
 you would believe that I come with that respect and resolu- 
 tion of doing you a service, and of expressing myself upon all 
 
 occasions, 
 
 My Lord, 
 
 Your Excellency's most humble servant, 
 
 Sandwich." — Ibid. 
 
 TO LORD SANDWICH. 
 
 Madrid, April i 1( 
 
 il) 
 
 " My wife returns many humble services to your Excellency, 
 hoping my good Lady's health ; and likewise to be sooner 
 happy in waiting upon her than your Excellency, as, taking 
 
306 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 her leave this very day hereof of the Queen and Empress, 
 bound for England, at her good old father's long importunities, 
 to have his dear daughter and all her children rest with him 
 before he dies." — Ibid. 
 
 FROM LORD SANDWICH TO SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 
 
 (original.) 
 
 " It is my great misfortune that I am like to miss of the 
 happiness of kissing my good lady's hand at Madrid, to whom 
 my wife and I are so infinitely obliged. The best satisfaction 
 I can have next, is to hear that her ladyship hath good health 
 and prosperity on her journey; which I most heartily wish, 
 as 1 do all sorts of occasions, whereby to express unto her 
 ladyship and yourself with what fidelity, I am, 
 My Lord, 
 
 Your Excellency's most humble and most obedient Servant, 
 
 Sandwich." — Ibid. 
 
 TO THE LORD CHANCELLOR. 
 
 Madrid, Thursday, ij April, 1666. 
 
 29 
 
 " The Empress, married by proxy, which was the Duke de 
 Medina de las Torres, upon Sunday last, did yesterday begin 
 her journey from this Court towards Vienna. Her Imperial 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 307 
 
 Majesty carried along with her a vast treasure in money, plate, 
 and jewels ; so, in that respect, will much enfeeble this sum- 
 mer's preparation against Portugal : in another regard the 
 despatch of that great affair out of the way, which hath wholly 
 taken up these Councils in pro\ and corHs for many months 
 past, hath left them at liberty to prosecute with the more 
 vigour this war." — Ih'id. 
 
 TO SIR PHILIP WARWICK. 
 
 Madrid, 3rd of May, 1666, s. n. 
 
 DEAR BROTHER, 
 
 " There was due to me on 6th of March last past, upon my 
 ordinary entertainment, the sum of two thousand pounds, of 
 which I have not yet received one shilling, notwithstanding that 
 I was forced to run myself in debt for my late journey to Portu- 
 gal ; as I have written long since to my Lord Arlington, re- 
 questing I might, by his Lordship's means, obtain a particular 
 Privy Seal for the reimbursement of my laying-out therein, as 
 was promised when that case should arrive. 
 
 Moreover, I have both pawned and sold plate for my pre- 
 sent subsistence, and if immediately I do not receive a sup- 
 ply of all that is due to me upon amount of ordinaries, the 
 which I do hopefully expect upon former addresses to that 
 purpose, I cannot subsist longer in this Court, nor yet know 
 how to remove out of it, if such should be his Majesty's or- 
 ders of revocation, by my Lord of Sandwich : a thing intimated 
 to me here by more than common persons, whether with or 
 without ground I cannot say, having not heard one word from 
 
308 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 any Minister of our Court for the space of above seven weeks 
 last past, or concerning myself anything out of England, save 
 what I read in a London diurnal, that letters from me out of 
 Portugal, by sea, signifying my then immediate return for 
 Madrid, were come to hand. The like whereof having never 
 happened to me before, so much as for a fortnight's time, I 
 am utterly to seek what to impute it to, unless it be inter- 
 ceptings in France since the war hath been declared. In the 
 meantime, it puts me to a great confusion in many respects, 
 particularly for the want of monies ; and thus farther I crave 
 leave to inform you upon the same point, which is, that if my 
 brother Tumor's kindness had not advanced out of his own 
 purse, to comply with my bills, above a thousand pounds, be- 
 fore he received the last tallies on my behalf, whereof I have not 
 had any notice, I had been reduced to yet greater extremities 
 than these I am contending with. 
 
 Having thus delivered the truth of my condition in matter of 
 fact, I presume there will need nothing farther of argument, 
 with so good a friend and brother, to quicken and keep alive 
 your constant endeavours for me, or indeed with such others 
 whose concurrence is necessary to render your brotherly 
 offices effectual, to afford the same accordingly, upon the 
 mere account of our Master's honour and service, without 
 other relation to the person that bears his image in this 
 particular. 
 
 I pray you, as you have done hitherto, permit my brother 
 Tumor to remind you of these things as often as occasion shall 
 require. 
 
 My Lord Sandwich, according to our computation here, 
 will begin his journey towards us to-morrow from the Comnna, 
 and if his Excellency makes no stop by the way will arrive in 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 309 
 
 this Court about twenty days hence, hardly sooner. I rest, 
 dear brother, your most affectionate brother and faithful 
 servant, 
 
 Richard Fanshawe." — Ibid. 
 
 TO HIS MAJESTY. 
 
 Madrid, Thursday, 3rd of June, 1666, stilo loci. 
 
 " May it please your Most Excellent Majesty, 
 " By the hands of my Lord of Sandwich, who arrived in 
 this Court, upon Friday last, was delivered to me a letter of 
 Revocation from your Majesty, directed to the Queen Regent; 
 and at the same time another, with which your Majesty ho- 
 noured me for myself, implying the principal, if not the only, 
 motive of the former to have been, some exceptions that had 
 been made to the papers which I signed with the Duke of 
 Medina de las Torres, upon the 17th of December last past ;* 
 a consideration sufficient to have utterly cast down a soul less 
 sensible than hath ever been mine of your Majesty's least 
 show of displeasure, though not accompanied with other pu- 
 nishments, if your Majesty, according to the accustomed ten- 
 derness of your royal disposition, in which you excel all 
 monarchs living, to comfort an old servant to your Majesty, 
 had not yourself broken the blow in the descent, by this gra- 
 cious expression in the same letter : That I may assure myself, 
 
 * Sir Richard Fanshawe wrote in the margin of the rough transcript, 
 " Relating to the Commerce of this Crown, and the establishing a Truce be- 
 tween these and Portugal." 
 
310 CORRESPONDENCE OF 
 
 your Majesty believes I proceeded in the articles signed by 
 me, as aforesaid, with integrity and regard to your royal ser- 
 vice, and that I may be farther assured the same will justify 
 me towards your Majesty, whatever exceptions may have been 
 made to my papers. 
 
 In obedience to your Majesty's letter above-mentioned, I 
 make account, God willing, to be upon my way towards Eng- 
 land some time next month ; having in the interim performed 
 to my Lord Sandwich, as I hope I shall to full satisfaction, 
 those offices which your Majesty commands me in the same ; 
 whose royal person, council, and undertakings, God Al- 
 mighty preserve and prosper many years ; the daily fervent 
 prayer of 
 
 Your Majesty's ever loyal subject, ever faithful and most 
 obedient servant, 
 
 Richard Fanshawe." 
 
 FROM LYONEL FANSHAWE, ESQ, TO JOSEPH 
 WILLIAMSON, ESQ. 
 
 [See Memoirs, p. 239.] 
 
 Madrid, Thursday, - June, 1666. 
 
 " My Lord having been taken with a very sharp fit of sick- 
 ness two days since, and not yet being well able either to 
 write or dictate a letter himself, hath commanded me to en- 
 treat you, that you will please to present his most humble ser- 
 vice to my Lord Arlington, and beseech his Lordship to excuse 
 his not writing by this post. 
 
SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 311 
 
 The Empress is said not to be yet embarked, though there 
 are thirty galleys ready to attend her in her voyage. 
 
 My Lord of Sandwich hath not, as yet, had his first public 
 audience. Sir Robert Southwell intends, within a day or two, 
 to begin his journey for Portugal." — Ihid. 
 
 THE FORM OF A PRAYER USED BY MY LORD'S CHAPLAIN, IN 
 THE DAILY SERVICE IN HIS EXCELLENCY'S CHAPEL IN 
 PORTUGAL AND SPAIN. 
 
 Blessed God, we beseech thee to be propitious in a singular 
 manner to my good Lord, his Excellency, His Majesty's Am- 
 bassador in this kingdom ; preserve him unto us in health and 
 strength, and grant that he may so manage those weighty affairs 
 he is employed in, that the issue of his negotiation may be to 
 thy glory, the satisfaction of our Sovereign, and the mutual 
 good and benefit of all his subjects and allies. Bless his most 
 virtuous Lady ; indue her with the blessings of this life, and 
 that to come ; make his children thy children, his servants thy 
 servants, that this family may be a Bethel, a house of God ; 
 that we, all serving thee with one accord here on earth, may 
 for ever glorify thee in Heaven. Amen. 
 
 A PRAYER used IN THE DAILY SERVICE OF THE CHAPEL, 
 AFTER THE DEATH OF HIS EXCELLENCY THE LORD AM- 
 BASSADOR. 
 
 Blessed God, which suppliest the wants and relieves! the 
 troubles of thy servants, be particularly gracious to this family, 
 and here, in a special manner, bless my most virtuous Lady, 
 
312 FORM OF PRAYER. 
 
 and give her patience under thy hand, submitting to thy will, 
 and contentedness under every change ; and we beseech thee 
 so continually to assist her in the course of her life, that she 
 may experimentally find thee a God all-sufficient, though the 
 helps of this world fail : make her children thy children ; be- 
 stow upon them thy choicest blessings, who hath promised to 
 be a father to the children's children of those that trust in thee; 
 make her servants thy servants, that this family may be a Be- 
 thel, a house of God ; that we, all serving thee with one accord 
 here on earth, may for ever hereafter glorify thee in Heaven. — 
 Amen, 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Albersan, Marquess of, 273. 
 
 Albuquerque, Duke of, 167, 168. 171, 172. 231. 234. 237, 23H. 
 
 262. 264, 265, 266. 
 
 , Duchess of, 170, 171, 172. 231. 234» 
 
 Alcala, Duchess of, 174, 175, 176. 277. 
 
 , Duke of, 174, 175, 176. 178. 
 
 Alcantara, Abadessa of, 143. 
 
 Alguazil, an, 230. 
 
 Alhambra, near Grenada, description of, 100. 
 
 Allington, Sir Giles, 44. 
 
 Alonzo, Don, 202. 
 
 Alston, Lady, 50. 
 
 Alva, Duke of, 205. 235. 298. ' 
 
 , Princess, 219. 
 
 Ambassador of France, 188, 189, 190. 277, 278, et seq. 
 
 of Venice, 194. 281. 283. 285, 286. 
 
 Ambassadors of various nations, 286, 287, et seq, 
 
 Anecdotes, various, 92. 146. 148. 157. 294. 298. 
 
 Aposentadores, 270. 285. 
 
 Apsley, Sir Alan, 71. 
 
 Araiia, Juan, a celebrated Spanish Comedian, 204. 
 
 Aranjuez, description of, 195, 
 
 Archer, Judge, 85. 
 
 Arlington, Lord, 244. 246, 247. 301. 
 
 Arms, custom of escutcheons of those of Ambassadors' being ieft 
 
 where they lodged vs^hilst on their journeys, 138. 
 , grant of additional, to Sir Richard Fansha^e, 117. 
 
314 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Anagon, Vice Chancellor, of, 221. 302. 
 Ashburnham, Mr. John, 79. 229. 
 Ashton, James, 233. 
 
 Aston, , 54. 
 
 • -Lord, 3. 61. 
 
 Askew, , murdered at Madrid, 103. 207. 
 
 Attenchip, , 233. 
 
 Aveiros, Duchess of, 230. 233. 
 
 , Duke of, 142. 230. 242. 272. 
 
 Aubigny, Lady, 67. 
 
 Austria, Don John of, 149. 236. 300. 302, 303. 
 
 , Donna Anna of, 220. 
 
 Aya, the King's, 226. 232. 
 
 • , the Empress's, 238. 
 
 Ayala, Don Francisco de, 205. 208. 
 Aylesbury, Sir Thomas, 132. 
 Ayloffe, Sir Richard, 252. 
 
 , Sir Benjamin, 41. 
 
 Aytona, Marquess of, 219. 221- 228. 302. 
 
 Bagshaw, Mr. a Chaplain, 219. 229. 243. 246. 
 Baker, Sir John, 59. 
 
 Balfoure, , 236. 
 
 Ballecas, near Madrid, residence at, 180. 186. 275. 
 
 Bamberge, Dr. 56. 
 
 Baron, notice of a, being made by Charles I. 146. 
 
 Barton, Sir Thomas, 156. 
 
 Basset, Sir Francis, 73. 
 
 Bath, Earl of, 38. 
 
 Batha, Richard, 241. 
 
 Bathurst, Dr. 116. 121. ^ 
 
 Battevil, Baron, 271. 
 
 Bayona, Marquess of, 175. 177. 266. 
 
 , Marquesa de, 175, 176. 266. 
 
 Beaufort, Duke of, 244 
 Beale, Dr. 59 
 Eeir^ond, family of, 54. 
 
INDEX. 315 
 
 Bedell, 252. 
 
 , Lady, 13. 81. 117. 252. 
 
 , Sir Capell, 49. 60, 117. 
 
 , Mr. 232. 
 
 Bedford, Earl of, 61. 
 
 Bell, Dr. 102. 
 
 Benevente, Countess of, 237 et seq. 
 
 Bennet, Mr. Secretary, Letters to, 261. et sei^. 
 
 , Sir Henry, 160. 
 
 , Nathaniel, 233. 
 
 , Nicholas, 233. 
 
 Berkeley, John Lord, 61. 79. 
 
 , Captain, 165. 173. 
 
 Berkshire, Earl of, 63. 77. 
 
 Bertie, Mr. Charles, 164. 188. 214, 299. 
 
 Beverley, John, 233. 
 
 Blazing Stars, seen at Madrid, 203. 217. 295, 296. 
 
 Bluet, Captain, 73. 
 
 Boddie, Mr. 232. 
 
 Bohemia, Queen of, 129. 
 
 Booth, Mr. 126. 
 
 Boreman, Mr. 233. 
 
 Boteler, Sir William, 49. 58. 78. 
 
 , Sir Oliver, 49. 
 
 , Lady, 58. 78. 121. 
 
 , Sir Francis, 161. 
 
 Bourchier, Alice, 38. 
 Boyle, Dean, 9, 86. 
 Bradford, Lady, 65. 
 
 , Earl of, 63. 77. 
 
 Braem, Sir Arnold, 131. 156. 
 
 , Jacob, 131. 
 
 Bridgewood, Mr. 143. 
 Bridges, Mr. 232. 
 
 Briggs, 233. 
 
 Bristol, Earl of, 46. 128. 133. 
 
 , plague at, 70. 
 
 P 2 
 
316 INDEX. 
 
 Broanbricke, Dr. 56. 
 Brounker, Robert, 39. 
 
 •, Viscount, 39. 
 
 Brown, Lady, 112. 
 
 , Sir Richard, 112. 
 
 ■ , Josias, 233. 
 
 Buckingham, Duke of, 133. 
 
 Buckwell, Alderman, 252. 
 
 Buen Retiro, near jNIadrid, description of, 196. 
 
 Bull Feasts, 151. 183. 185. 218.270,271. 
 
 Bumstead, Mr. 229. 
 
 Burton, John, 243. 
 
 Butler, Thomas, 39, 40. 
 
 Byde, Sir Thomas, 253. 
 
 Caballero de el Habito, 262. 
 
 Cadiz, reception of Sir Richard Fanshawe at, 166, el sej. 262, e/ sej. 
 
 , Cabildoof, 262. 
 
 , Governor of, 166. 
 
 Caernarvon, Earl of, 61. 
 
 Camarera, Mayor, 193, 194. 219. 226. 232. 237. 
 
 Cambridge, Duke of, 247. 
 
 Camden, the Historian, cited, 41. 
 
 Camoens translated by Sir Richard Fanshawe, 13. 119. 
 
 Campbell, Lady, 49. 
 
 CaiTas, Juego de, 183. 270. 
 
 Canterbury, Archbishop of, 159. 162. 
 
 -, Dean of, 156. 
 
 Capell, Lady, 65. 71. 
 
 , Lord, 6, 63, 76. 
 
 Caracena, Marquess of, 218. 
 Cardona, Duke of, 298. 
 Carew, Mr. 241. 
 Carey, Sir George, 120. 
 Carteret, Sir Philip, 75. 
 
 , Sir George, 75. 
 
 — , Lady, 75. 
 
INDEX. 317 
 
 Carniona, description of the city of, 269. 
 
 Castel Mellor, Roderigo, Conde de, 151, 152. 154. 227. 273. 
 
 , Marquess of, 151. 
 
 Castleton, Lord, 45. 
 Castile, Conde de, 220. 
 
 , President of, 205. 208. 22a. 280. 291. 298.302. 
 
 , Almirante of, 234. 
 
 Castrillo, Conde de, 273. 298. 
 Cavendish, Lady Mary, 135, 136. 
 Ceremony, disputes about, 276, et seq. 
 Chancellor, The, 6. 
 Charles I. King, 35. 83. 
 Charles II. King, passim. 
 
 Pictures of, 132. 137. 
 
 Chaumond, Mr. Joseph, 233. 
 
 Chinchon, Conde de, 298. 303. 
 
 Church, Mr. 245. 
 
 Churchill, Mr. 233. 
 
 Clancarty, Lord, 90. 
 
 Clarendon, Lord, 14, 15, 16. 18. 123. 129. 132. 150. 159. 226. 
 
 Clarke, Mr. 232. 
 
 Cockaine, Sir William, 44. 
 
 Cole, Mr. 251. 
 
 Colepeper, Colonel, 156, 157. 
 
 , Lord, 63. 76, 77. 82. 
 
 Colman, Charlotte, 30. 
 Colonna, Cardinal, 298. 
 Combos, Don Juan, 292. 
 Comet. See Blazing Star. 
 Compton, Sir Francis, 253. 
 Congro, Don Juan de, 215. 
 Consul, English, at Cadiz, 165. 170. 
 
 , at Seville, 179. 181. 
 
 Cooke, Mr. 233. : 
 
 Cooper, Richard, 233. 
 
 , Mr. 219. 229. 241. 246. 
 
 Copley, Colonel, 78. 
 
318 INDEX. 
 
 Cordova, reception at, 183. 269. 
 
 , Corregidor of, 183. 269. 
 
 Cork, Earl of, 104. 
 
 Cornwall, description of, 71. 
 
 Coronation of Charles II. 133. 
 
 Corps, Sumiller de, 223, 224. 
 
 Cotterel, Mr. 232. 
 
 Cottington, Lord, 90. 103. 
 
 Court, not the custom for women to attend a king's or prince's 
 
 court, 70. 
 Coventry, Sir William, 248. 
 Creighton, Mr. 229. 243. 246. 
 Crispe, Sir Nicholas, 73. 
 
 Cromwell, Oliver, 13. 87, 88, 89. 91. 94. 116. 122. 207. 
 Cropley Bridge, Skirmish at, 78. 
 Crown, Mr. 233. 
 Cueva, Don Melchor de la, 167, 168. 170, 171. 
 
 , Donna Maria de la, 234. 
 
 Curwen, family of, 54. 
 Cutler, Sir John, 160. 
 
 Danby, Lady, 83. 
 Daniel, Andrew, 233. 
 Davies, Sir John, 39. 
 
 , Alexander, 158. 
 
 Denham, Lady, 114. 
 
 Dennis, , 233. 
 
 Digby, Sir Kenelm, 8. 83, 84. 
 
 Dingwall, Lord, 50. 
 
 Dongan, Lord and Lady, 177, 178. 182. 
 
 Downing, Sir George, 295. 
 
 Dublin, Archbishop of, 86. 
 
 Dutch fleet, defeat of the, 219. 
 
 Earle, Dr. 139. 
 
 Eates, Mr. 78. 
 
 Edgcombe, Sir Richard, 140, 141. 
 
 , Lady, 140. 
 
INDEX. 319 
 
 Edgehill, battle of, 43. 
 
 Emperor, the, 220. 
 
 Empress, the, 192. 194. 203, 204. 220. 225. 227. 235 to 238. 280. 
 287.306,307.311. 
 
 Emperor's Ambassador, 287. 
 
 , wife of the, 202. 214, 215. 
 
 Escurial, description of the, 196, et seq. 292. 
 
 , Prior of the, 223, 224. 
 
 Essex, Earl of, 53. 70. 
 
 Etiquette, disputes about, between the various Ambassadors at Ma- 
 drid, 276, et seq. 
 
 Eton, Provost of, 138. 
 
 Evelyn, Sir John, 44. 
 
 Evora, battle of, 149, 150. 
 
 " Excellency," the title of, not used by well-bred Frenchmen, 286, 
 claimed by the Duke of Cardona, 298. 
 
 Exeter, Earl of, 42, 43. 
 
 Eyes, Rowland, 38. 
 
 Eyres, Mr. 229. 
 
 Ezija, town of, called the * frying pan ' of Andaluzia, 269. 
 
 Fanshawe, pedigree of, and biographical particulars of the family 
 of, 36, 37. 40. 49. ; the motto of the family alluded to, 253. 
 
 Fanshawe, Sir Richard, description of his person, 33 ; early life, 
 59 ; various anecdotes of, 60. 62 ; attends the King to Oxford, 
 62 ; appointed Secretary of the Council of War, 63 ; attends 
 Prince Charles to Bristol, 64; goes to Launceston, 71; to 
 Scilly, 73 ; to Jersey, 75 ; to Caen, 77 ; to London, 78 ; to 
 France, 80 ; returns to England, ih. ; attends the Prince in the 
 Downs, 82 ; goes to Paris, 83 ; accompanies Lady Fanshawe to 
 Calais, ih. ; goes to the Prince in Holland, and thence to Ire- 
 land, 85 ; sent to Spain upon an embassy, 90 ; went to Lime- 
 rick, 90 ; made a freeman of lamerick, ih. ; entrusted with the 
 custody of the Seals of Ireland, 91 ; gives the Seals to Lord In- 
 ch iquin, 93 ; arrives at Madrid, 102 ; goes to St. Sebastian, and 
 thence to France, 102 ; arrives in Scotland, and graciously re- 
 ceived by the King, 110; made Keeper of the Seals, ib, ; re- 
 fuses to take the Covenant, ih. ; taken prisoner at the battle of 
 
320 INDEX. 
 
 Worcester, 113; his destination afterwards, 114; imprisoned at 
 Whitehall, 115; becoming dangerously ill, is released on bail, 
 117; notice of a grant of additional arms to him, «^.; again taken 
 ill, 118 ; goes to Bath, and thence to Benford, in Hertfordshire, 
 and afterwards takes a house in TankerslyPark, belonging to Lord 
 Strafford, 118; translated Lues de Camoens, 119; went to 
 France, 123 ; has an interview with the King at Paris, and is 
 sent to Flanders, 128 ; commanded to wait on the King in his 
 own ship at the Restoration, 130 ; arrives at Dover, 131 ; re- 
 ceives from the hands of his Majesty a picture of the King set 
 with diamonds, 132 ; attends the coronation of Charles II. 133 ; 
 commanded to act as Chancellor of the Garter, ib. ; Proxy for 
 the Earl of Bristol, at an installation of the Order, ib. ; receives 
 the New Years' gifts belonging to his places as Master of Re- 
 quests, and Secretary of the Latin tongue, 134 ; sent on a mission 
 to Portugal, ib. ; returns, ib. ; made Privy Counsellor of Ireland, 
 135 ; sent to welcome the Queen on her arrival in England, and 
 present at her marriage, 135, 136 ; receives from the King his 
 3Iajesty's picture, 137 ; embarks on an embassy for Portugal, 
 141 ; returns from his Portuguese embassy, 155; made a Privy 
 Counsellor, 159: goes to Spain on an embassy, 164 ; his audience 
 of Philip IV. 278; his public reception at Madrid, 189 ; insists 
 on the privilege of Ambassadors, 205 ; signs the treaty of peace 
 between England and Spain, 227 ; goes to Portugal, 228 ; re- 
 turns to Madrid, 231 ; dies, 239 ; his body embalmed, and sent 
 to England, 241 ; buried, 246 ; extracts from his correspondence, 
 261 ; his extreme poverty, 308 ; his letter to the King on his re- 
 call, 309. 
 . ,. , Lady, birth of, 50 ; her mother's death and funeral. 
 
 with an extraordinary anecdote of her, 50, 51 ; education of, 55 ; 
 early life, 56, 57 ; marriage, 58 ; her first son born, 64 ; goes to 
 Bristol, 66; anecdotes of, 66. 68. 71. 73, 74. 87. 89. 98. 124; 
 goes to Launceston, 71 ; to Penzance, 72 ; to Scilly, 74 ; to 
 Jersey, 75 ; her second child born, 76 ; goes to Caen, 77 ; re- 
 turns to England, 78 ; her son Henry born, ib. ; interview witli 
 King Charles I. 79 ; goes to France, 80 ; another son born, 81 ; 
 returns to London, ib. ; goes to Paris 82 ; returns to England, 
 
INDEX. Si^l 
 
 84 ; goes to her husband in Ireland, 85 ; loses her son Henry, 
 87 ; meets with an accident, ib. ; her escape from Red Abbey, 
 near Cork, 89 ; accompanies her husband to Spain, 90 ; her cou- 
 rageous conduct at sea, when threatened by a Turkish man of 
 war, 98 ; lands at Malaga, 99 ; arrives at Madrid, 13th April, 
 1650, 102 : her eldest daughter Elizabeth born, ih.; embarks at 
 St. Sebastian for Nantz, 104 ; in great danger at sea, 105 ; arrives 
 at Nantz, and thence goes by the Loire to Paris, 107 ; visits the 
 Queen-mother and the Princess Henrietta, 108 ; settles in London, 
 112 ; her daughter born, ib.; her devotion to her husband whilst 
 he was a prisoner at Whitehall, 115 ; obtains his release, 116 j her 
 daughter Katherine born, 118; her daughter Margaret born, 119 ; 
 loses her daughter Anne, ib. ; another daughter born, 120 ; her 
 daughter Mary born, 121 ; loses her daughter Elizabeth, ib. ; 
 goes to Bath, 122 ; escapes to her husband in France, 124 ; a son 
 born, 125 ; loses her only surviving son, 127 ; interview with the 
 King near Paris, 128 ; returns privately to London for money^ 
 ib. ; follows her husband to Newport, Bruges, Ghent, and Brus- 
 sels, ib. ; very graciously received by the King and royal family at 
 Brussels, 129 ; at the Restoration, the King orders a fiigate to con- 
 vey her family to England, 130 ; congratulates the King on his 
 arrival, 131 ; loses her daughter Mary, 132 ; her daughter Eliza- 
 beth born, 134 ; waits on the Queen, 136 ; embarks with her hus- 
 band and children for Portugal, 141 ; reception at the Court of 
 Lisbon, 145 ; her son Richard born and dies, 151 ; returns to 
 England, 155; audience of the Queen, 161 ; takes leave of the 
 Queen, 163 ; accompanies her husband in his embassy to Madrid, 
 164 ; obtains an audience of the Queen of Spain, &c. 193 ; visits 
 the Escurial, 196 ; her son Richard born, 219 ; goes to see the body 
 of Philip IV. lie in state, 221 ; went to the Placa Mayor to see 
 King Charles proclaimed, 225 ; takes leave of the Court, intending 
 to return to England, 233, 306 ; loses her husband, 239 ; invited to 
 become a Catholic, with a promise of a pension, 242 ; interview 
 with the Queen-mother at Paris, 245 ; arrives in London, 246 ; 
 waits on the King, Queen, &c. 247 j settles her affairs, 251 ; loses 
 her father, 255; her will, 26, 27. 
 Fanshawe, Lionel, 310. 
 
i 
 
 322 INDEX. 
 
 Fanborne, Mr. 77. 
 Farnaby, Mr. 59. 
 Ferrer, 233. 
 
 , Mr. William, 233. 
 
 Ferrers, , 81. 
 
 Ferrers, Knitton, 44, 45. 
 
 Feme. See Terne. 
 
 Fernando, Don, 101. 
 
 Fleet, the royal, betrayed to the enemy, 82. 
 
 France, King of, 244. 
 
 , Queeen of, 220. 
 
 , Ambassador of, insists on sending his coach, &c. at the 
 
 reception of the English embassy at Madrid, 189. 277. 
 Frecheville, Lord, 158. 
 Freyer, Mr. 246. 
 
 Frog Pool, now Frognall, in Kent,theseatof Sir Philip Warwick, 252. 
 Fuentes, description of the town of, 182. 
 
 , Marquis of, 182. 217. 269. 
 
 Funeral of the King of Spain, description of, 220 to 224. 
 
 Galway, plague at, 93. 
 
 Garter, Chancellorship of the, 133. 
 
 , an Installation of the, 133. 
 
 Caspar el Negro, 233 
 
 Gateley, Mr. 233. 
 
 German Ambassador, 234, 235. 238. 242. 
 
 Ghost story, a, 92. 
 
 Gibbs, Mr. 232. \, ' 
 
 Gibson, Thomas, 233. 
 
 Glazed, a house ordered to be, for the reception of Sir Richard Fan- 
 
 shawe, at St. Mary's, near Cadiz, 175. 
 Gloucester, Duke of, 129. 
 Goddard, Mr. 194. 
 Godolphin, Mr. Francis, 188. 214. 232. 
 
 , Sir Francis, K. B. 164. 
 
 Goods, John, 233. 
 Goring, Lord, 103. 
 
INDEX. 323 
 
 Grandison, Viscount, 53. 254. 
 
 Grantham, , 30. 
 
 , Vincent, 29. 47. 
 
 Granville, Sir John, 72. 
 Grosvenor, Sir Thomas, 158. 
 Guilford, Lady, 83. 244, 245. 
 Guzman, Don Domingo, 273. 
 
 Harding, Symon, 40. 
 Harding, Bullock, 41. 
 Haro, Don Louis de, 207. 273. 
 Harris, Edward, 40. 
 
 Harrison, , 305, 306. 
 
 , account of the family of, 52 to 54. 
 
 , Richard, 78. 
 
 -, William, 56. 58. 
 
 , Margaret, 85. 118. 
 
 , Sir John, 4. 27. 46. 57, 58. 
 
 Hatton, Sir Christopher, 41 . 
 
 , Mr. 249. 
 
 Hayward, Sir Rowland, 40. 
 Heath, Lord Chief Justice, 112. 
 
 , Sir Edward, 48. 
 
 Heavers, Dr. 138. 
 
 Hele, Sir John, 140. 
 
 Hellow, Mr. 270. 290. 
 
 Henchman, Dr. Bishop of Salisbury, 139. 
 
 Henrietta, the Princess, daughter of Charles I. 83. 108. 
 
 Herbert, Sir Charles, 275. 
 
 , Lord, 139. 
 
 Heydon, Mrs. 122. 
 Hicks, Dean, 304. 
 HUliard, Mrs. 305. 
 Hippom, Mr. 54. 
 Holland, Lord, 81. 
 Holies, Lord, 275. 286. 
 , Dr. 139. 
 
324 INDEX. 
 
 Holmes, Captain, 154. 
 Honywood, Sir Philip, 165. 
 Hooton, Edward, 276. 
 Hopton, Lord, 6. 63. 76. 
 
 , Sir Arthur, 3. 61. 
 
 Howlsworth, Dr. 50. 52. 56. 
 Hyde, Mr. 50. 
 
 , Sir Edward, 58. 63. 90. 109. 150. See Clarendon and 
 
 Chancellor. 
 
 Ibara, Don Diego de, 166. 
 
 Inchiquin, Earl of, 10. 86. 93. 142. 
 
 Infanta, Donna jMaria, the, 234. 297. See Empress. 
 
 Inquisitor General, the, 221.297. 
 
 Ireland, description of, 97. 
 
 Ireland, family of, 54. 
 
 Irvias, Count of, 186, 202. 
 
 Isincessa, [Query Inojosa,] the Marchioness of, 193. 
 
 Jarald, Mr. Richard, 233. 
 
 Jeffreys, Mr. 233. 
 
 Jeffries, Colonel, 87, 88. 
 
 Jemett, Mr. 229. 241. 
 
 Jersey, description of, 76. 
 
 Jewel House, IVIaster of the, 162- 
 
 Jewess, anecdote of, who was burnt, 156. 
 
 Kerke, Mr. 233. 
 Kestian, Mrs. 174. 219. 
 Killegrew, William, 233. 
 King, the. See Charles I. & II. 
 , Captain, 165. 
 
 , Sir Andrew, 164. 188. 214. 
 
 Kingsmill, Sir William, 47. 
 Knollys, Lady, 51. 
 
 Lawrence, Anne, 30. 
 
 Lavvson, Admiral Sir John, 165. 167. 172. 
 
INDEX. 325 
 
 Lee, Sir Charles, 66. 
 
 Lepanto, picture of the battle of, by Titian, 200, 
 
 Lesley, Baron de, 235. 
 
 Levingthorpe, Lady, 49. 
 
 Libel on the Spanish Court, notice of a, 297. 
 
 Liche, Marquess de, 217. 230. 
 
 , Marchioness de, 214. 217. 233. 
 
 Lilly the painter, 27. 
 
 Limerick, Sir Richard Fanshawe made a freeman of, 90. 
 
 , Mayor and Recorder of, 90. 
 
 Linch, Mr. 233. 
 Lindsey, Earl of, 164. 299. 
 Lionne, Monsieur de, 286. 
 
 Lisbon, public reception of Sir Richard Fanshawe at, 143 ; an in- 
 surrection in, 149 ; description of, 155. 
 , Archbishop of, 149. 
 L'Isola, Baroness de, 230. 234. 
 Lond, Mr. 233. 
 London, news of the burning of, 245. 
 
 , Bishop of, 46. 135. 255. 
 
 Londonderry, Bishop of, 90. 
 Long, Sir Robert, 63. 
 
 , Mr. 70. 
 
 Lorimer, Mr. 188. 
 
 Low, , a surgeon, 81. 
 
 Loyola, Don Blasco de, 302. 
 Ludlow, Mr. 52. 
 Lytton, Sir Rowland, 53. 
 
 IVIadrid, reception of Sir Richard Fanshawe at, 188, 
 
 — , Regidor of, 303. 
 
 Mallard, Mr. 233. 
 
 Malpica, Marquess of, 187. 189. 192. 277. 
 
 Mar9in, Conde de, 187. 274. 
 
 Marialva, Marquess of, 149. 
 
 Marriage of Charles II. description of the ceremony of, 135. 
 
 of the Infanta Donna Maria to the Emperor, by proxy. 
 
 ceremony of the, 237. 
 
326 INDEX. 
 
 Marsden, Rev. — — , 151. 
 
 Martinez, Juan, 302. 
 
 Masquerade on horseback, a, 296. 
 
 Maurice, Prince, 87. 
 
 Mayor, Lord, 162. 
 
 Medina de las Torres, Duke de, 186, et seq. 267. 271. 280. 285. 
 
 292. 293. 296. 301. 306. 309. 
 , Duchess de, 187, el seq. 296. 
 
 Cell, Duke of, 173, 174. 178. 262. 264, 265. 
 Sidonia, Duke of, 143. 269. 293. 
 
 Melham, Mr. 232. 
 
 Mendoca, Don Lope de, 178. 183. 267. 
 
 Blichelthite, Dr. 56. 
 
 Middlesex, Countess of, 246. 
 
 Mitchell, Henry, 233. 
 
 Molina, Conde de, 178, 179. 182. 298. 
 
 Montague, jNIr. Sidney, 233. 
 
 , Colonel, 81. 
 
 Montaldo, Duke of, 197. 292. 298. 
 Monterey, Count de, 242. 
 Moon, Captain, 165. 
 Moore, Mr. 233. 
 Mordaunt, Lord, 138. 
 Murray, Mr. Henry, 112. 
 
 Nantz, description of, 107. 
 
 Navas, Don Nicolas, 231. 
 
 Needham, Doctor Jasper, 255. 
 
 Neito, Mr. Nicholas, 233. 
 
 Nevill, Henry, 124. 
 
 New Years' Gifts, and fees thereon, 162. 
 
 Newport, Mr. Francis, 164. 188. 214. 
 
 , Lord, 164. 
 
 Neuce, William, Esq. 49. 
 Nica, Marquess of, 151. 
 Nicholas, Sir Edward, 109, 132. 
 .Norris, ]Mr. 129. 
 
INDEX. 327 
 
 Norton, Lady, 83. 
 Norwich, Earl of, 104. 
 
 O'Brien, Lady Elkenna, 86. 
 
 — ■ , Lady Honor, 92. 
 
 Orange, Prince of, 85. 
 
 , Princess of, 109. 
 
 Ormond, Duke of, 86. 90, 91. 129. 133. 135. 
 
 , Duchess of, 50. 135,136. 
 
 , Marchioness of, 81. 
 
 Oropesa, Conde de, 272. 
 
 Oxford, description of, wMlsl the King was there, 57. 
 
 Paima, Countess de, 154. 
 Palmer, Sir Gefferey, 56. 
 
 , Mr. 70. 
 
 Pantheon, where the Kings of Spain are interred, description of, 198. 
 
 303. 
 Pardo, the, near Madrid, description of, 195. 
 Paris, improper conduct of the English at, 109. 
 Parker, Mr. 233. 
 Parkhurst, Sir William, 65. 
 Parry, Mr. 229. 
 Paston, Francis, 233. 
 Pastrana, Duke of, 235. 
 Patricio, Father, 231. 
 
 Peacock, , 233. 
 
 Pedro, Don, 144. 154. 
 
 Pembroke, Earl of, 122. 139. 
 
 Penaranda, Conde de, 221. 235. 302. 
 
 Peterborough, Earl of, 150. 
 
 Philip II. of Spain, husband of Queen Mary of England, 195. 
 
 Philip IV. See Spain. 
 
 Picture of Charles II. as a child, noticed, which is considered to 
 
 have been unique, 132 ; another in his robes of the Garter, 137. 
 Pictures. See Titian. 
 Pimentel, Don Antonio de, Governor of Cadiz, 172, 173, 174. 265, 
 
 266. 
 
328 INDEX. 
 
 Place, Mr. 233. 
 
 Plague, notices of the, at Bristol, 70 ; at Gal way, 93. 
 
 Plough, a new one alluded to, 295. 
 
 Plymouth, Sir Richard Fanshawe's reception at, 140. 
 
 , JVIayor and Aldermen of, 140. 
 
 Pommes, Madame de, 76. 
 
 Pope's Nuncio, the, 196. 218. 287. 
 
 Porter, Mrs. 157. 
 
 , Major, 157. 
 
 Portman, Sir William, 139. 
 
 Portsmouth, Sir Richard Fanshawe's reception at, and made a 
 
 Freeman of, 165. 
 , Mayor of, 165. 
 
 , Lieutenant-Govornor of, 165. 
 
 , the town of, fired into by two Dutch men-of-war, 80. 
 Portugal, King of, 143, 144. 152, 153. 
 
 , Queen of, 142 to 145. 154. 163. 230. 
 
 Poyntz, Sir Robert [James], 39. 41. 
 
 Prayers written by Lady Fanshawe, 219. 240 ; those used in the 
 
 Chapel of Sir Richard when Ambassador in Spain, 311. 
 Price, Mr. John, 214, 215. 227. 229. 243. 
 
 , Sir Herbert, 133. 
 
 Princess Royal of England, 109. 129. 
 
 Proclamation of Charles II. King 'of Spain, ceremony of the, 225. 
 
 303. 
 Prodgers, Mr. 103. 
 Pyman, Henry, 233. 
 
 Queen of England, the, 134 to 137. 159. 161. 163. 244. 247, 248. 
 
 250. 
 Queen-mother of England, the, 63. 68. 70. 76. 83. 108, 161, 163, 
 
 244, 245. 247. 254. 
 
 Rawdon, Sir Marmaduke, QQ. 
 Red Abbey, near Cork, 86. 
 Requests, Master of, 132. 162. 
 
 Restoration, description of the King's Return to England, at the, 
 130. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Ribbons worn by the Queen on her marriage, cut into pieces, and 
 
 distributed as favours, 136. 
 Rich, Wilham, 233. 
 Ridgley, Dr. 121. 
 Righton, Mr. 233. 
 Rivers, Countess of, 54. 67. 
 Robinson, Captain, 141. 
 Rocca, Don Pedro, 194. 
 Rooks, Mr. 241, 246. 
 Roscommon, Earl of, 90 ; account of his extraordinary death, 
 
 91. 
 Rue, Thomas, 233. 
 Rupert, Prince, 85. 87. 
 Russell, Richard, 233. 
 
 , Lady, 51. 
 
 Ryder, , 29, 30. 
 
 Santa Cruz, Marquisate of, 266. 
 Santa Graca, Countess of, 154. 
 Saint Albans, Lord, 75. 
 St. Estevan, Conde de, 184. 
 St. Germain, Duke of, 186. 284. 
 St. Lawrence, Conde de, 141. 
 St. Lucar, Duke of, 273. 
 St. Sebastian, description of, 105. 
 Salinas, Marquess of, 277. . 
 Salisbury, Earl of, 54. 
 
 , Bishop of, 139. 
 
 Sande, Marquess de, 135. 298. 
 
 Sanderson, Dr. 56. 
 
 Sandwich, Earl of, 81. 226. 228. 232, 233. 238, 239. 243, 244. 
 
 304, et seq. 
 Sandys, family of, 54.^ 
 Savoy, Duke of, 220. 283. 
 Schomberg, Count, 142. 
 Scilly, description of, 74. 
 Scott, Sir John, 39, 40. 
 Seale, Mr. 141. 
 
330 INDKX. 
 
 Seville, Sir Richard Fanshawe's reception at, and description o(, 
 
 179.267. 
 Shaftesbuiy, Earl of, 248. 
 Shatbolt, Mr. 53. 
 
 Sheldon, Ur. Bishop of London, 255. 
 Shere, IVJr. 233. 
 Sherwood, Friar, 61. 
 Siete Chimeneas, appointed for Sir Richard Fanshawe's residence, 
 
 and dispute about it, 194, el se(]. 293, 294. 
 Skelton, Sir .lohn, 140. 
 Sjanning, Sir Nicholas, 72. 
 Sniythe, Customer, 2. 38. 
 
 , his Sons, 39. 
 
 , Note relative to his family, 39. 
 
 , Mr. 214. 
 
 Sousa, Antonio de, 142. 
 
 , Don Joam de, 144. 
 
 Southampton, Earl of, 248. 
 
 Southwell, Sir Robert, 150. 232. 311. 
 
 Spain, general description of, 208 to 214. 
 
 , Philip IV. Kmg of, 90. 102. 104. 186. 191, 192. 203. 217. 
 
 279.297.300, 301. 
 
 , death and funeral of, 220 to 224. 302. 
 
 , Prince of, 203. 297. 300. 
 
 , Charles II. King of, 221. 225. 227. 238. 303, 304. 
 
 , Queen of, 192 to 249. 280. 302. 
 
 ——-, ceremony of proclaiming the Kings of, 225. 303. 
 
 Spanish Army defeated by the Portuguese, 218. 
 
 Sparks, Mr. executed at Madrid for the murder of Askew, 103. 
 
 207. 
 StraflFord, Earl of, 83. 118. 
 Strangford, Lord, 2. 39, 40. 59. 156, 157. 
 Steward, Dr. 112. 128, 
 Stuard, Mr. 232. 
 Sumiller de Corps, 223, 224. 
 
 Tarret, Mr. 246. 
 
 Terne, [misprinted Fnne,] Captain, 165, 
 
INDEX. 331 
 
 Thomond, Earl of, 92. 
 Thompson, Allion, 233. 
 
 Thornhill, , 60. 
 
 Thynne, Lady Isabel, 67. 
 Tinoco, Don Diego, wife of, 234. 
 Titian, pictures by, 199, 200. 248. 
 Toison d'Or, The, 298. 
 Toledo, Governor of, 184, 185, 186. 
 
 , his wife, 185, 186. 
 
 . , Cardinal of, 221. 
 
 , Archbishop of, 207. 302. 
 
 , reception at, 184. 
 
 Toniars, a painter, 27. 
 
 Torres Vedras, Countess of, 233. 
 
 Trucifal, Marchioness of, 233. 
 
 , Marquess of, 230. 242. 
 
 Turner, Sir Edward, 163, 164. 188. 308. 
 
 , Lady, 160. 
 
 . Sir Edmund, 53. 119. 163. 214. 255, 
 
 , Edmund, Esq. 24. 
 
 Tyler, Mr. 139. 
 
 Utber, Captain, 165. 173. 
 Utrera, Corregidor of, 179. 
 — ' , reception at, 179. 267. 
 
 Vane, Sir Henry, 116. 
 
 Van Tromp, 266. 
 
 Velada, Marquess of, 3D2. 
 
 Veleam, Mr. 233. 
 
 Vellon money reduced in value, 196. 291. 
 
 Veloz, Marquess de lez, 227. 
 
 Venetian Ambassador, 194. 281 to 286. 
 
 Villa Franca, Countess of, 151. 
 
 Villiers, Lord Francis, 81. 
 
 Waller, Mr. the Poet, 83. 
 
 . Mrs. 85. 
 
332 INDEX. 
 
 Walley, Dr. 56. 
 
 Walter, Sir William, 45. 
 
 Warrington, Francis, 233. 
 
 Warwick, Sir Philip, 46. 78. 120. 244. 252. 307. 
 
 Waters, Mr. 112. 
 
 Wats, Sir John, 161. 
 
 Weeden, Mr. 229. 232. 241 . 304, 305- 
 
 Weir, Jonathan, 255. 
 
 Westminster, Dean of, 139. 
 
 White, Mr. 243. 
 
 Williams. Thomas, 233. 
 
 Williamson, Joseph, 310. 
 
 Wilton, the seat of the Earl of Pembroke, 139. 
 
 Winchester, Bishop of, 159. 162. , 
 
 Windebank, Secretary, 2. 62, 63, 108. 
 
 Windsor Castle, Constable of, 138. 
 
 Winston, Dr. 51. 
 
 Winter, Sir John, 245. 
 
 Wolstenholme, Sir John, 54. 
 
 , Lady, 50. 
 
 Woodcock, Sir Thomas, 138. 
 Worcester, Marquess of, 71. 95, 96. 
 
 , Marchioness of, 71. 
 
 , battle of, 113. 
 
 Worden, Mr. 232. 
 
 Wray, Sir John, 45.218. 
 
 Wright, Sir Benjamin, Bart. 164. 188. 193. 
 
 Wycherley, Mr. 188. 214. 
 
 Xeres, Corregidor of, 177. 
 , reception at, 177. 
 
 York, Duke of, 129. 162, 163. 245. 247, 248. 
 
 , Duchess of, 163. 245. 247. 
 
 Youne, ', 115, 116. 120. 
 
 LONDON: PRIiNTED BY SAMUEL BENTLEY, DORSET STREE'I 
 
/ / 
 
 z--r c 
 
f 
 
 i