.<^* .^^ .- ^t^ ':f,^-^ r,^^ 4 O ^^^ O -^ , . 5 ^ .V ^^•^^ ^•^ :> ^^ vO^ .'• .^ ^' r?:%X . .r .1"^ ,'r:^7^ ^^ ^..' <5> M^.' ^^'>^%,Xo^^" ■lo. o' ,. <^ ^-t. '°"* .^^ .0 '.'^■' ,v'^^^c♦> .- <^' "^ ■».'^^%\>'/ ^J.^' '^^. A^ .*J5W7^^ 0^ .•is^v- ■f C' r<^^«: ^ov^ .V ^^^-.i?^- o » * • • ' 0* '!f^',o^^' •>.'> -^.. ..^ ^^ •'<*-. %. To the Housekeepers of the Di^rid of Columbia Have Your Green Groceries DELIVERED IN SEALED CARTONS BY OUR SPECIAL AUTOMOBILE TRUCKS Packed by the Grower on the Farm Farmer and Housekeeper Eliminate Middle- man and SAVE ONE-THIRD of Cost of Essentials. No Dust or Grit on Berries, Lettuce and Perish- able Goods One of Your Neighbors will collect your Order Blanks that will give you Strictly Fresh Green Groceries that have not been handled g@^ See Prices on Woman's Page of Every Washington Daily Fresh and Salt Meats of all Kinds. Fresh and Salt Fish. Oysters and Clams of best quality delivered to our Customers. Also Cream in half-pint and pint Jars. Fresh Bread, Rolls, Coffee, Rolls and Buns delivered in time for breakfast in our Locked Delivery Boxes, of which our Custo- mers have the keys. Fully illustrated Booklet, showing CARTONS, and fully ex- plaining our delivery system which saves our Customers 30 to 40 per cent, on food supplies mailed on receipt of a two-cent stamp. PEPPER & SALT CO,, Washington, D,C Executive Offices 618 Riggs Bldg., G & 15th Sts.N.W. Telephones main 3082-3083 CONTENTS. PAGE. Centennial Celebration and the Park Commission . Plan 7 Washington's Ideal City 9 The Dark Ages 10 Shepherd's Improvements 12 Execution of the Park Commission's Plan 13-17 A New Washington Built 18-22 Twelve Years' Building 23 Real Estate Value Doubles 25 The Future City. 27-30 Government and Taxation 32-34 Educational Institutions 35-42 Churches 43, 72 Financial Importance 44-47 The Cit3^'s Industries 49-54 Commercial Enterprise 55-60 The Convention City 61-63 Civic Organizations 63 Food Supply 64-65 The Model City 66-67 Statues 70-73 Eml)assies and Legations 12> A Welcome to Washington 74 A Brief Guide to the City 76-86 ADVERTISEMENTS. Audits 125 Banks, Bankers and Trust Companies 139-143 Building, Contracting, Mill Work 91-94, 102-103, 143 Educational Institutions 108-119 Electrical Supplies 103, 107 Engravers 107, 134 Hotels, Restaurants 128-134 Insurance 135-138 Manufacturers, Wholesale Houses . . . 88-90. 99. 100-107, 118-123, 143, cover Office Buildings 141 Photographic Reproductions, photo, supplies 100, 122 Real Estate, Investments 89, 92, 93, 140, 143, 144 Retail Merchants 100, 105-107, 116, 118, 119, 121. 123-127, 143 Sanitariums 119, 128 Sight-Seeing Automobiles 97 Storage 121-122 Transportation Companies cover, 87, 95-98 New Washington An Illu^rated Description of Xhe National Capital As It Is, and, as Every Patriotic American Wishes It to Be, the Mo^ Beautiful Capital City in the World Designed Especially for the Information of Visitors to Washington and those who Wish to be Informed About Their National City BY GEORGE H. GALL Copyright, 1913. George H, Gall PUBLISHED BY WASHINGTON CHAMBER OF COMMERCE WASHINGTON, D. C. f/T'/ a, OFFICERS OF THE WASHINGTON CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. 1 — D. J. Callahan, President; 2 — Thomas Grant. Secretary; 3 — D. J. Kaufman, First Vice-President; 4 — Chapin Brown, General Counsel; 5 — Charles J, Bell, Second Vice-President; 6 — Ralph W. Lee, Treasurer. D. OF D. AUG 5 IS13 FOREWORD The Washington Chamber of Commerce, whose interest is the advancement of the City of Washington, addresses the following pages to American citizens and voters upon whom devolves, in the final analysis, the duty of intelligent interest in the affairs of the National Capital. The Federal Constitution vests in the Congress of the United States exclusive jurisdiction over the District of Columbia, the Federal City, and in votins: for Representatives in Congress and Senators of the United States, American citizens vote for men whose duty it is to legislate for Washington quite as much as it is their duty to legislate for the country and their own Congres- sional districts or States. While the interest of the great body of the American people in their National Capital is becoming keener and more intelligent, it is the desire of the Washington Chamber of Commerce to stimulate that interest to the extent that active attention shall be given to the affairs of the National City by those who elect its government, and to the end that Washington shall presently become the greatest and most beautiful capital of what is already the greatest and wealthiest nation. Washington even now is fast approaching that proud position. In the following pages it is the purpose to show to what extent the city has developed, to state some of its problems for the consideration of American citizens and voters, and to show some of the important forward steps provided for the city's immediate future. While there is no attempt to usurp the functions of a "Guide to Washington," there is included information for the ready guidance of the visitor to the National Capital. G. H. G. Washington, June 1, 1913. "If Gcd spare the Republic, what may we not hope for Washington?" — Senator George F. Hoar in Speech at the Capitol, December 12, 1900. New Buildings for the Departments of State, Commerce, Labor and Justice. Soon to Be Erected at a Cost of $8,000,000. I0P^^ View Showing Location, with Ref- ference to White House and Washington Monument. The Nov Washing'ton ■ In November, 1800, a little over 112 years ago, Washington became the permanent seat of the Government of the United States. In December, 1900, a century later, the nation joined with the residents of the Capital City in a centennial cele- bration of that occasion. Largely due to the national interest in the city of Washington, aroused and quick- ened by the celebration, the city then entered upon a period of advance- ment that in the short space of a dozen years has produced a new Washington. Remarkable as had been the pro- gress in the first century of the city's life as a capital of a nation, the pos- sibilities for further improvement at the end of that period were such that an eminent citizen then declared "if the embellishment of the Capital City is ever to be accomplished, now is the time when it should be begun," and Governors of States, Repre- sentatives, Senators and other high Government officials joined in a demand that Washington should be made the greatest and most beautiful capital in the world. Events that immediately followed showed that the time indeed was ripe, for in scarcely more than a year afterwards, January 15, 1902, there was laid before the Senate of the United States a comprehensive plan for the future development of Washington that practically embodied the high ideals not only of the city's founders, Washington, Jefferson and Madison, but of the members of the great assemblage in 1900. The plan was included in a report submitted by a commission of artists, the most eminent in their respective lines, known since as the Park Com- mission, and composed of Daniel H. Burnham. of Chicago; Frederick Law Olmsted, jr., of Brookline, Mass. ; Charles F. McKim and Augustus St. Gaudens, of New York. Mr. Olmsted is the only surviving member. Although Congress has never seen fit formally to give the effect of law to the commission's report, it is a remarkable instance of the force of public opinion that in the twelve years since, in all the improvements that have been carried out and proposed for execution in the near future, no attempt (and there have been many of them) to depart from the plan has prevailed. Every public building, every monument and memorial and every park constructed or proposed, is in accordance with the unified and orderly scheme. The Washington Monument. THE NEW WASHINGTON The Treasury, White House and Building of the State, War and Navy Departments. THE NEW WASHINGTON 9 Just what has been accomplished in these dozen years to create a new Washington will presently be shown, but before proceeding to a consideration of Washington as it is and is to be, a brief review of the events of the past should be made, so that the reader may the more clearly understand the present and the plans for the future. THE CITY OF WASHINGTON "The City of Washington," so called by the commissioners appointed by George Washington and by Congress, although Washington himself called it "The Federal City," was the last of nine cities to furnish a home for the government. The Continental Congress, from 1774 to 1778, and the Congress of the Confederation, from 1778 to 1789, had moved successively from Philadelphia to Baltimore, to Lancaster, to York, to Princeton, to Annapolis, to Trenton, and finally to New York. New York was also the site of assembly of the first Congress under the Constitution, in 1789, and immediately the question of a permanent location for the seat of government engaged attention. The question was settled the following year and a location "on the river Potomac at some place between the mouths of the Eastern Branch and Conogocheague" was accepted for "the permanent seat of the Government of the United States." The government was then moved to Philadelphia, where it was provided it should remain until 1800. This gave ten years for preparation. In 1791 Congress definitely located the site of the present city, including in the ten miles square a portion of Virginia, and providing that the public buildings should be erected on the Maryland side of the river. In the preceding year, 1790, however. President Washington was author- ized to appoint three commissioners to survey the territory. Accordingly, on March 30, 1791, the survey having been completed, the States of Maryland and Virginia having ceded the territory required, and Congress having approved the arrangements, the President formally proclaimed and made known the site of the Federal district. The corner stone of the District of Columbia was laid on the Virginia side, April 15, 1791, with Masonic ceremonies. Thus, for the first time in history, an inde- pendent capital of a nation was made. Australia, within the past few years, has followed this example and the plan of Washington has largely guided that country in designing its new capital city. Washington's Ideal City. No sooner had Congress approved the site for the future seat of the government and given the President authority to prepare it for occupancy in 1800, than Washington, with the assistance of Madison, Jefferson, Ellicott and L'Enfant, set about planning a National Capital, not only for the immediate, but for the distant future, a city of splendid proportion, adaptable in its plan to all future growth and capable of being made the most noble and beautiful city in the world, ^^'ashington's ideal embraced not only a great city in its physical aspect, but he would also have the Federal City "the greatest commercial emporium" and a center of learning. To facilitate the former he assisted the construction of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal to connect the seaboard with the West, and to encourage the latter he left a substantial bequest for a national university. The plan for the physical city at length was completed, the plan that has since borne the name of L'Enfant, but Washington was not to 10 THE NEW WASHINGTON see the occupation by the Government of the capital city to the prepara- tion of which he had given years of thoughtful effort. The Government was moved from Philadelphia in 1800, the year after his death, to the city that has since stood as a monument to the last great work of the nation's first President. Wliat may well be termed the Dark Ages of W^ashington then began. The city was neglected by Congress and the plan conceived by Wash- ington for a capital city typical of the dignity and wealth of the nation was permitted to go with little further execution. This period of neglect lasted for nearly three-quarters of a century, until the year 1871. Its lowest ebb was probably marked in 1846, when the people of Alexandria wearied of the condition, and Congress, with seeming utter carelessness in the preservation and ultimate working out of the ideals for a great rA m i?! 1"! '>}} ' ^ n K H J 'City Hall," the District Court House and Statue of Abraham Lincoln. District Government Building and Statue of Alexander R. Shepherd. Governor of the District of Columbia, 1873-4. capital, permitted the retrocession to the State of Virginia of all that section of the District of Columbia the State had originally given as a part of the Federal district'^ about one-third of the whole territory. During all this time, too, the city of Georgetown existed as an inde- pendent municipality. Through President Washington's negotiations the original owners of the land of the city donated to the United States five-sevenths of the whole and relinquished control over their own local governmental affairs, with the understanding that the nation would carry out the plans of the city's founder and build up at its own expense through the sale of a portion of the property so donated, or otherwise, the great capital proposed. But through the whole seventy-one years the residents bore practi- cally the entire burden of the cit3''s upbuilding. Indeed, it was brought THE NEW WASHINGTON 11 THE CAPITOL. THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. out by Senator Curtis in debate in the Senate in February. 1913. that even up to 1878 the citizens had expended in the District $65,569,371, while the Government had expended only $27,311,000; in other words, the citizens had expended $38,357,421 more than the general Government- had expended. During this time, too, there were periodical attempts to move the seat of Government to other cities. The Civil War proved the first great event of promise for the neglected city. The National Capital's preservation became the concern of a nation, and Lincoln himself faced the invaders' fire on one of the forts erected about the city for its defense. For the first time the interest of the people of the country was stirred in the Capital City. This interest, awakened by the war, was led afterwards by President Grant, and in 1871 the municipalities of Washington and Georgetown were merged into the District of Columbia with a sort of territorial form of govern- ment, whose Governor was appointed by the President of the United States. 12 THE NEW WASHINGTON Shepherd's Improvements. The District's second, and last, Governor, Alexander R. Shepherd, a native of Washington, who served from September 13, 1873, to June 20, 1874, backed by President Grant, put into practical effect the re- awakened national concern. Imbued with the ideals of the first Presi- dent, he set about with vigor and rough-shod methods to build up the long-neglected city. Streets and avenues that until then were in existence only on the map laid out under Washington's directions, were opened, graded and paved. Improvements all over the city were made and all was done at the expense of the resident taxpayers. The unprecedented improvements and their accompanying expenditures, placing a new and heavier burden upon taxpayers, aroused a storm of protest such as to end the Shepherd regime and the territorial form of government. For the next four years a temporary form of government by Commissioners was provided, and in 1878 what was termed the permanent form of government was instituted by a law since known as the Organic Act. Later the Supreme Court of the United States pronounced this act the "Constitution of the District." It provided for the present form of government under a board of three commissioners, appointed by the President of the United States, two from the citizens of Washington and a third from the Engineer Corps of the United States Army. Of the highest importance was the provision in the Organic Act of a permanent basis of division of the expenses of the Capital City in recognition, late though it was, of the obligation upon the nation of assuming an appropriate share of the burden of building a capital some- what commensurate with the ideals of its founders. The act provided for an equal division of expenses between the general Government and that of the District. The enactment of the fundamental law was the culmination of the new national interest in the Capital aroused by the dangers of the war The Park Commission Plan — Design for The Mall and Treatment of the Monument Grounds. THE NEW WASHINGTON 13 The Memorial Structure and its location, as it will appear from Arlington, and kept lively later by President Grant. That just such an intelligent organization of the affairs of the District was all that was needed to start the orderly and adequate development of the Capital is shown by the fact that in the twenty-two years next ensuing, from 1878 to the centennial year, the District practically doubled in wealth and population. "Governor Shepherd and the Commissioners and Congress took from the walls the dusty map of L'Enfant and Ellicott," said Senator Louis E. McComas at the centennial celebration in 1900, "impressed its outlines on marsh, on hill, on woodland, and, under the cloudless sky, out of the fresh earth the new Washington rose as from the stroke of the enchanter's wand." The Park Commission Plan. But the new Washington was yet to come. The whole nation on that day in December, 1900, gathered, through its representatives in Congress and the Governors of its States, to celebrate the accomplish- ments of a century and to pledge new efforts to a realization of "The Federal City" of which Washington dreamed, and the world looked on through the eyes of the diplomatic corps. The Park Commission plan, that embellishment, modernization and extension of the Washington- 14 THE NEW WASHINGTON L'Enfant plan to meet the requirements of the greater city, was con- ceived and its execution commenced within a year afterward. With the overwhelming vote in Congress in February, 1913, author- izing the expenditure of $2,000,000 for a great memorial structure to Abraham Lincoln and directing that the structure be raised on the site chosen for it eleven years before by the Park Commission, the keystone of the plan's main arch was dropped into place. Although never formally enacted into law, as was its prototype, the Washington-L'Enfant plan, the Park Commission plan for the greater Washington, has been followed consistently and every important new step in the upbuilding of the city for the past eleven years has been taken in conformity with it. To keep the plan intact and locate public structures in conformity with it has been no easy task during this period. Practically every important proposed public building has involved a contest over its location, and in every instance selfish motives have entered that would make serious departure from the whole scheme. A bitter fight was waged over the location of the Grant Memorial, but the advocates of adherence to the plan set for it by the Park Commission finally prevailed. The last important and greatest contest of all was that over the Lincoln Memorial in the closing days of the Sixty-second Congress. SENATE OFFICE BUILDING. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OFFICE BUILDING. THE NEW WASHINGTON 15 New Building of the National Museum. New Building for the Bureau of Engraving and Printing. Another important section of the plan was also provided for by Congress on the fourth of March, 1913, the first large project in the section relating to the outer-park system. This was a provision for a connecting parkway along the valley of Rock Creek between Rock Creek Park and Potomac Park. Congress also made an appropriation for a sur- vey and estimate for the memorial bridge proposed by the Commission to span the Potomac and form a public highway to the national cemetery at Arlington. Execution of Plan. A conception of the physical development of the capital since 1900 can best be had from a brief review of the more notable accomplishments of the period. In that time the unsightly railway stations and yards, one at Sixth and B Streets, and the other at New Jersey Avenue and C Street, have been entirely cleared away. The Union Station, into which come all of the passenger trains entering the city, has been erected at a cost, including the vast plaza, of nearly $20,000,000. Splendid new office buildings have been erected for the accommoda- tion of Senators and Members of the House of Representatives, on two sides of the park on the east side of the Capitol, at a total cost of nearly $7,000,000. A great new building for the National IMuseum has been erected at a cost of $3,500,000 on the B Street, N. \V., line of the Mall. 16 THE NEW WASHINGTON At a cost of $2,500,000 a new building has been erected to house the Government of the District of Columbia. This building occupies the square at the southeast corner of 14th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue. Although incomplete, a new building has been erected for the Department of Agriculture at a present cost of $1,500,000, on the B Street, S W., side of the Mall. A new building for the Government Printing Office has been con- structed at a cost of $2,500,000. Extensive additions have been made to the \Miite House, including a separate building for the executive offices. Two notable semi-public buildings, the Pan-American Union and the D. A. R. Continental Memorial Hall, have been erected in conformity with the plan of the Park Commission at a cost of nearly $2,000,000, and are notable features in the ornamentation of the scheme. Just west of the Union Station, and on the plaza, there is now nearing completion a new building which will house the Washington City Post Office. This will cost about $3,000,000. CONTINENTAL MEMORIAL HALL OF THE D. A. R. PAN-AMERICAN UNION BUILDING. THE NEW WASHINGTON 17 THE GREAT FALLS OF THE POTOMAC. Looking out upon Potomac Park just south of the Washington Monument, there is now nearly ready for use a new building for the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, which will cost, when completed this year, $2,500,000. Without exception, these buildings, to be erected, under construction, or about to be built, harmonize in design and location with the original plan of the founders, which was enlarged by the Park Com- mission in 1900. The Connecticut Avenue bridge over Rock Creek has been built at a cost of $1,000,000. An ornamental bridge on Sixteenth Street has been constructed and work is now proceeding on another to carry Q Street across Rock Creek, the two costing $435,000. Potomac Park has been largely developed and the Speedway com- pleted. The Army War College, built at a cost of $1,000,000, now adorns the point of land formed by the Anacostia River and the Washington channel of the Potomac. Additions to the park system of the District, costing for the ground alone about $800,000, not including the Rock Creek Park connection, have also been made. Thus there has been expended about $65,000,000 in this short period in carrying into execution the plan for beautifying the city. Municipal Improvements. Remarkable progress in municipal improvements has also been made. A new sewerage disposal system has been instituted at a cost of $5,264,520. A filtration plant, which has resulted in giving Washington an abundant supply of pure water, has been built at a cost of $3,500,000. The railroad grade crossings of the city have been abolished at a cost to the railroad companies of about $15,000,000, and to the United States and the District of Columbia of $3,000,000. In addition to these, changes in the grade of streets and improvements to meet the new conditions 18 THE NEW WASHINGTON cost $1,600,000, and damages due to changes in grades of streets amounting to nearly $500,000 have been paid. A new steel and concrete bridge across the Potomac River has been built at a cost of about $1,200,000, and a new bridge across the Anacostia River, at a cost of nearh' $500,000. One of the most necessary and important improvements to the city has been put well under way in the past decade, the reclamation of the flats along Anacostia River, and the improvement of the banks of that stream as a water-front park. The District Appropriation Act for the fiscal year 1912 carried an appropriation of $100,000 for beginning this work, and since 1902 $270,000 has been spent in dredging a 400- foot channel 20 feet deep and placing the dredged material on the flats. A New Washington Built. Concurrently with the submission of the Park Commissions plan to the Senate, Washington entered upon a period of construction by private enterprise that has amounted to nothing short of a building renaissance. A new Washington has been built by the citizens of the Capital alone, as well as by them and the citizens of the United States jointly. Copyright, Leet Bros. A section of Sheridan Circle, looking out Massachusetts avenue. As though fired with inspiration by the broad vista of the city's beautification portrayed by the four famous artists composing the Com- mission, the people of Washington commenced to build and beautify. Not only were beautiful residences constructed, but the esthetic influence touched the construction of commercial building. If the people of the United States proposed to make Washington the most beautiful capital of the world, the people of the District of Columbia needed no urging to do their full share. Sheridan Circle, Washington's most elaborate residential section, has been entirely constructed since 1900. Residences there, and elsewhere, have been built with an eye single to beauty. Meridian Hill, with its imposing residences, has been created ; Washington Heights has experienced its best building in the period. The neighbor- hood of Dupont Circle has been immensely improved, especially in the New Hampshire Avenue section. THE NEW WASHINGTON 19 1 — Mme. Christian Hauge's residence, 2349 Mass. avenue.; 2 — Residence at 2640 Avenue of the Presidents, built for Embassy use; 3 — Residence of Larz Ander- son, 2118 Mass. avenue; 4 — Residence of Mrs. Marshall Field, 2600 Avenue of the Presidents; 5 — The Spanish Embassy, 2620, and residence of Lt.-Col. Gage, Military Attache, British Embassy, 2622 Avenue of the Presidents. Chevy Chase has grown from a straggling suburh to one of the most artistic residence sections of the country. Saul's farm has been replaced by a little city of modest, but beautiful homes. Cleveland Park and its surrounding subdivisions have had a like experience. Woodley, Clififbourne, Kalorama and Belair Heights, Columbia Heights, Mt. Pleasant and Ingleside, and many other sections have grown fast and pleasingly. Vacant land has been subdivided and built up, and suburbs beyond the District line have grown apace. Hundreds of apartment houses have been erected. Practically the entire apartment house building of the city has been done since the cen- tennial year. Not only have these structures arisen, but they were designed, with few exceptions, as ornaments to the communities in which they were placed. 20 THE NEW WASHINGTON One of the most beautiful buildings erected by any fraternal organiza- tion in the United States, the Scottish Rite Temple, will soon be completed at the corner of S Street and the Avenue of the Presidents. This build- ing, being erected by the Scottish Rite Masons, is a huge Monumental pile of white marble. Its cost is estimated at $1,000,000. A library of 75,000 volumes, the nucleus of which was a donation of the library of {t a f6 Tj t 3} JJ ^!!ll»^i.'J^ s6Hn Jl „ iiii w THE SOUTHERN BUILDING 15th and H STREETS, N. W. Home of the Southern Commercial Congress. Home of and owned by The Commercial Fire Insurance and the First National Fire Insurance Companies. THE NEW WASHINGTON 21 ^r i:i; ttii T:^ EE isii It, , ii. iu Mm CAPITAL OFFICE BUILDINGS. 1 — The Mills' Building; 2 — The Colorado Building; 3 — The Munsey Building; 4 — The Bond Building. General Albert Pike, who was Grand Commander of the Supreme Coun- cil from 1859 to 1891 and a scholar of wide reputation. The influence of the esthetic inspiration of the Park Commission's plan extended to the building of the most modest houses for people of the most limited means. Thousands of houses in a row have been built, to be sure, but this necessity was counterbalanced by using as artistic designs as skilled architects, in the employ of large builders, could devise. Housing companies were organized for the purpose of building attractive and sanitary houses for the poor, and only the lowest rate of interest upon the money invested, without other profit, was figured in 22 THE NEW WASHINGTON !» II 1 ••^ APARTMENT BUILDINGS. 1— The Woodward; 2 — The Highlands; 3— The Connecticut. the selling prices of the hundreds of small structures which they have erected. In the business section the same influence is evident. The Union Trust Building, the Southern Building, the Woodward Building, the Munsey, the Wilkins, Hibbs, Evans, Westory, the Equitable Life, Bar- rister, Interstate, Victor, National Metropolitan Bank, District National Bank, the new Riggs, the American Security and Trust, and others are not only great commercial structures of the decade, but all are archi- tectural ornaments to the city. In hotel buildings, the Raleigh, the Continental, the Winston, the Powhatan. Congress Hall, and the New Willard have been completed, and the New Arlington, to cost $6,000,000, is now being constructed on the site of the historic hotel. Even private firms and corporations have been moved by the influence of the beautiful, as illustrated by many new artistic business homes. Scores of small business buildings have been entirely remodeled from those of somber, forbidding appearance into attractive, ornamental structures. Nothing has escaped the pervading spirit of the beautiful and it has speeded the wdieels of progress to a pace faster than that attained in any previous period. "They came to build a city not only beautiful to look upon and delightful to reside in, but which for works of art shall surpass Rome herself; for universities, colleges and other educational opportunities shall equal the capital of the German Empire; and in all things that go to make a capital lovely, charming, and attractive to the eye, shall outstrip the renowned city of France." — Representative James D. Richardson in Speech at the Capitol, December 12, 1900. THE NEW WASHINGTON 23 Twelve Years' Building. In the 12 years from 1901 to 1912, inclusive, there have been erected vi^ithin the boundaries of the District alone about $150,000,000 worth of private structures. This is exclusive of Government buildings and of buildings erected by the District government. In addition to this there has been very large development just beyond the boundaries of the District, both in Virginia and Maryland, for which, however, there are no figures available. During this period the city has been practically transformed in the character of its building improvements. This has been the era of apart- ment-house building, and in this time it is estimated that about 400 apartment houses have been erected at a cost of about $17,000,000, rangirg in price up to a million dollars. There has also been a vast amount of small residence building and a great army of people, who were formerly renters of homes, have been enabled through these operations to become home - owners. One builder alone, Mr. Harry Wardman, has made a record un- equaled Ijy a single builder in any other city of the country in construction of small dwellings and large apartment h o uses. Since April, 1906. he has erected over $12,- 000.000 worth of these classes of buildings. In that time. too. a n u m b e r of other builders have been active in the same sort of construc- tion. The influx of wealthy people who have come to Washington to enjoy its social, educational, climatic, and esthetic advantages by establishing residences here, has also resulted in the construction of hundreds of expensive and handsome residences, not only in the city itself, but in the suburbs and surrounding country. Foreign governments have constructed many splendid homes for their diplomatic representatives in Washington, others have purchased some of the best residences, and still others are planning to erect palatial official homes. Notable amonsr these plans are those of the French and German Governments. Both France and Germany have purchased large sites for embassies and within the year Germany sent a commission of eminent architects and engineers to plan for the construction of a home for the embassy, which is estimated to cost about $1,000,000. Residence of Mr. Harry Wardman. 24 THE NEW WASHINGTON APARTMENT HOUSE BUILDINGS. The Dresden. The Northumberland. THE NEW WASHINGTON 25 Real Estate Value Doubles. The growth of the Capital City is also demonstrated by a glance at the values of real property as assessed for taxation. In 1871, when first the country's interest in the National Capital was awakened, the total value of real property, according to the assessors' books, was $79,997,454. When the present form of government was created, in 1878, this figure had been increased by 25 per cent. In 1900 the total assessed value was $176,567,549, or a little more 'than double that twenty-nine years previous. The assessment for 1912 totaled $330,332,487, or nearly twice as much as that in 1900, when the nation's representatives gathered in Washington to celebrate the centennial of the city's foundation. In other words, it appears that in the past dozen years the National Capital has grown in value of real property by as much as it had grown in the first one hundred years of its life. WASHINGTON RESIDENCES. 1— Barber Estate; 2 — Country residence of John R. McLean; 3— Charles J. Bell: 4— A street end; 5— A Chevy Chase home; 6 — Nourse House, Tenleytown, a relic of early days. 26 THE NEW WASHINGTON While all this has actually heen accomplished since the centennial celebration in 1900, the future holds even greater thing-g for the beautifi- cation of the city, both as a part of the settled plan of the Commission and by non-governmental and private institutions. WASHINGTON RESIDENCES. 1— The late Thomas F. Walsh; 2— Thomas Nelson Page; 3— Henry White; 4— John ;R. McLean; 5— Embassy of Argentine; 6— Mrs. Mary Scott Townsend. THE NEW WASHINGTON 27 Future Holds Much. With the completion of the Grant Memorial this year, and the early transfer of the Botanical Gardens to a site in the parkway connecting Rock Creek and Potomac Parks, provided for by the last Congress, a formal plaza will be laid out, with the Grant Memorial as its feature and chief adornment. This plaza will take in all the property now occupied by the present Botanical Gardens . The whole area known as the Mall, and including all of the land south of Pennsylvania Avenue to the Mall, from the foot of the Capitol to Fifteenth Street, and including the parks and grounds between Fifteenth Street and the river, will be developed as the main, central feature of the Park Commission's plan. All of the property in the live squares between Pennsylvania Avenue and the Mall and Fourteenth and Fifteenth Streets will presently be cleared to make way for the three great new Department buildings, for which Congress has already authorized an expenditure of $8,000,000. One of these squares, that between Fourteenth and Fifteenth Streets and Pennsylvania Avenue and E Street, will be laid out as a park, and the three buildings wnll occupy the other four squares. There is a measure now before Congress, and it will undoubtedly ultimately be enacted, providing for the acquisition by the Government of all the land between these three great buildings, and the plaza about the Grant JNIemorial, to be known as Union Square, on which from time to time new Government buildings, conforming in architecture to that of the three buildings between Fourteenth and Fifteenth Streets, will be erected. Provision has already been made and an initial appropriation voted for the acquisition of all the property between the Union Station plaza and the north wing of the Capitol, so that within a few years the build- ings now obstructing the view between the Capitol and the Union Station will be razed to form one magnificent plaza that will be the first impres- sive view the visitor will have upon emer-ging from the portals of the Station upon his arrival in Washington. To Connect Parks. The construction of the parkway between Potomac and Reck Creek Parks will add to the city a most beautiful feature. Rock Creek valley, between these two parks, is now chiefly an unsightly dumping ground, with only here and there a glimpse suggesting the future beauties of tbe parkway to be formed along the banks and valley of the winding creek. Tt will also form an appropriate approach from the north and west to the monumental structure to the memory of Lincoln, soon to be erected at the western end of the Mall. Another notable public improvement in immediate prospect is the memorial bridge to Arlington, for which plans and estimates are now being prepared. From the banks of the Potomac, just west of the Lincoln Memorial, this great bridge is to stretch across the river into the National Cemetery at Arlington, a monument to the union of the North and the South. Beyond the river at Arlington, it is proposed to erect a great amphitheater, where may be held memorial and other ceremonres which from time to time take place at the National Cemetery. The proposed park svstem, encircling the city, now seems assured of earlv realization. This will consist of a series of parks and parkways connecting Potomac Park, Rock Creek Park, the Soldiers' Home Grounds, 28 THE NEW WASHINGTON TYPES OF HOME BUILDING. 1, 2, 3, 6, 8 — Detached Dwellings in various sections; 4 — A row of bungalows; 5, 7, 9 — Types of urban dwellings. Mount Hamilton, and the western banks of the Anacostia River with a series of parks on the eastern shore, including two Civil War forts. The latter part of the project has already been provided for, and the provision for the connection between Potomac and Rock Creek parks assures the early execution of the chief feature of the whole park chain. Though great projects are on foot, under the plan laid out by the Park Commission for the extension of the park system of Washington, the city at the present day is beautifully provided with these advantages. THE NEW WASHINGTON 29 The park of chief beauty, of course, is Rock Creek, with its miles of curving and shaded driveways, and hundreds of acres of woodland. Through the park from its northern extremity at the District Line to the Zoological Gardens, at the southern end, flows Rock Creek, a stream of rare picturesqueness. The extensive grounds of the Soldiers' Home form a beautiful public park and one of the most popular drives in the city. The grounds are elaborately cultivated and contain a number of beautiful lakes. SCENIC VIEWS ABOUT WASHINGTON. 1, 2 and 4— Views in Soldiers' Home Grounds; 3— Cabin John Bridge, Length of Span, 220 feet. City's Sylvan Views. Scattered throughout the city, occupying areas of from a few square feet to several city squares, are formally treated parks. In these the Government has developed shade trees of nearly every species known, and the formal flower gardens are kept abundantly supplied with plants from the nurseries of the Department of Agriculture. There is not a time throughout the year that some sort of flowering plant is not seen in these gardens. The city itself is one huge park, for the streets have been abundantly furnished with trees. *T know of no city in which the trees seem to be so much a part of the city as Washington," to quote that keen observer. 30 THE NEW WASHINGTON former Ambassador Bryce, of Great Britain. "Nothing can be more charming than the views up and down the avenues, especially those that look toward the setting sun or catch some glow of the evening light. Look down New Hampshire Avenue, look up Connecticut Avenue, or even along the humble little N Street, which adjoins the house where I live, and you have the most charming sylvan views, and all this is so by reason of the taste and forethought of those who have administered the government of the city and who have planted different kinds of trees, so that you have different kinds of sylvan views. When you want a fine, bold effect, what could be grander than Sixteenth Street, with its bold hill on the one side, on the north, and the hills of Virginia as the back- ground on the south." Permanent National Exposition. An interesting project, for which there is now a bill before Congress, is that proposing that a tract of land in or near the city shall be set aside by the Government for the purpose of permitting each State and Territory of the Union to construct, at its own expense, a building suit- able for the purpose of installing and maintaining therein a permanent exhibit of its natural, industrial, and commercial resources, and educa- tional facilities. In other words, the project contemplates a permanent exposition to be located at the Capital where there will be constantly on view exhibits of the resources of the whole country. Memorial Convention Hall. Another important project which seems destined to early realization is the proposed George Washington Memorial Convention Hall. At the last session Congress set aside the property which was formerly cccupied by the Pennsylvania Station, at Sixth and B Streets, N. W., for the purpose of permitting the George Washington Memorial Association to erect thereon a great convention hall, to cost $2,000,000, and which is to have an endowanent of $500,000. Under the control of the regents of the Smithsonian Institution this building, which will conform in architectural design to other public buildings on the Mall, will be used for national gatherings at the Capital. The fund of $2,500,000 is now being raised throughout the country by the Association, and a large share of it has already been subscrilDed. When this oroject is executed Washington will have a meeting place for national organizations superior to any in the country. It is also designed to have rooms in this building for the use of delegations and visitors from the various States and Territories, so that each State and Territory may have a convenient meeting place for those in attendance at any convention. National Archives Building. Still other important improvements for the earlv future are an armory for the District of Columbia National Guard, to cost $1,700,000; a building to be the headquarters of the American Red Cross, at a cost of $700,000, and a National Archives Building, to cost at fir.st about $1,500,000, and designed for future expansion, as needs require. THE NEW WASHINGTON 31 TYPICAL PARK SCENES IN WASHINGTON. At top— Thomas Circle; Centre — Botanical Gardens; Below — Lincoln Park. 22 THE NEW WASHINGTON "Senators, Washington is the capital of the United States. It has been described as the Federal City. It is a wonderful city; and the Government has taken charge of it. More than that, in the decision of the Supreme Court, in which this ques- tion was involved, the act of 1878 was passed upon. That act of 1878 was construed by the Supreme Court — the opinion being delivered by one of the ablest judges that has ever served in the capacity of Associate Justice— as being the organic act, and not only as the organic act, but as the very constitution of the District of Columbia. "So far as I am concerned, as one member of the commit- tee, I believe that this question has been settled by every Con- gress from 1874 to the present time, as certainly it has been since 1878. It is the duty of Congress to help pay the expenses of improving the streets of this city, which belongs to the Gen- eral Government. This is the capital of the United States, the capital of the whole country, the capital of the greatest Nation in the world, and I believe the people of the country would like to see Congress liberal enough in its appropriations to make this the most beautiful capital in the world." Senator Charles Curtis, of Kansas, in Speech in the Senate, February 19, 1913 DISTRICT TAXATION THE brief outline of Washington's history already drawn will give the reader a basis for a clearer understanding of the relation be- tween the people of the United States and the people of the District of Columbia in capital building and its attendant expenses. Three facts stand out in striking fashion : First, that although heavily burdened with expense, the people of the Federal City in the first three-fourths of a century were able to make but slight headway in carrying out the plans of the founders for a great National Capital; second, that when they made extraordinary efforts, under the terri- torial form of government, to build the city as they realized it should be built, they became so heavily involved in debt that it was evident to all that the people of the District of Columbia alone were powerless to make the Capital City what it was planned, and third, that since 1878, when the Government of the United States assumed the obligations incurred for the improvement of the city and agreed to share thereafter equally in the expenditures, the National Capital entered upon a period of develop- ment never before witnessed. Remarkable Growth. Especially are these facts emphasized by the events which have followed the great awakening of national interest in the Capital City that took place in 1900, for in that time, as has been shown, Washington has grown more in extent and beauty than it did in the whole century preceding. In spite of this remarkable series of events critics have arisen who would retard the building of the Capital City in keeping with the wealth and growth of the United States, by shifting to the people THE N E W WASHINGTON 2>2> of the District of Columbia once more the heavy burden of public expense. They have asserted that the people of Washington have waxed wealthy at the expense of the nation ; that the citizens of this city are undertaxed, and their property in many instances under-assessed. The answer to this is manifest in a comparison in the per capita assessment in Washington with that of other cities of similar size. The per capita tax levy, or in other words, the actual tax burden borne by the average citizen is shown by the following table: Per Capita Tax Levy on Actual City. Tax Rate. Basis. Minneapolis $3.22 $21.38 Newark 2.04 20.88 Jersey City 2.20 19.88 Cincinnati 1.48 19.36 Milwaukee 1.58 18.55 W^ashington 1.50 17.79 Buffalo 2.40 17.53 Indianapolis 2.12 17.30 Detroit 1.99 15.84 Cleveland 1.36 15.68 St. Paul 2.93 15.54 New Orleans 2.20 13.65 Louisville 1.79 12.98 It is thus seen that the people of Washington are still bearing a very fair share of the burden of their local government as compared with the taxes paid by people of other cities toward the expenses of their local governments. Gave Land to Government. It should be borne in mind that five-sixths of all the land originally taken for the city of Washington from private owners was a gift to the government, and at the time it was contemplated the entire expense of building the Capital City should be borne by the whole people of the United States. It should also be noted that nowhere else in the world is there a city the streets of which are so wide and numerous, and which have such a large ratio of area to the entire area of the city. The proportion in Washington is 54 per cent, while in New York it is only 35; Philadelphia, 29, and Boston, 26. Other great capitals of the world do not approach Washington in this respect. The proportion in Paris is 25 per cent ; Berlin, 26, and Vienna, 35. There are 264 miles of streets, varying in width from 90 to 160 feet. This, of course, was brought about by the original plan of the city which contemplated the building of a magnificent federal city, far beyond the requirements of ordinary municipal or business purposes. City on Extensive Scale. "The capital of the nation is laid out upon so extensive a scale as greatly to enhance the cost of paving, maintenance, cleaning, and lighting its wide streets and avenues," explains a former president of the Wash- ington Chamber of Commerce. "The Departments and other establish- ments of the Federal Government make such extraordinary demands 34 THE NEW WASHINGTON upon the sewer and water services as to entail ^reat additional cost. To provide the necessary hre and police protection for the many millions of dollars belonging to the National Government, for the President and other officers of the United States, and the foreign representatives of foreign governments resident in Washington, an immense financial burden is laid upon the citizens and taxpayers.'' "As National citizens of the National Capital," said a former Com- missioner of the District of Columbia, "we are glad to bear half of the money expenses and inuch more than half of the time and labor expense of making this the best capital on earth. We know that the intelligent patriotic citizens of the rest of the country do not begrudge the small amount per capita of their half of the money expense. They share our desire to make this the most perfect capital of the world, not only physi- cally, but in all respects. They would be ashamed to have it found lacking, under the criticism of experts, in its schools, or in any other municipal service. Very few of them can ever see it, but that does not diminish their interest or affect their desire. It is to them the symbol of the nation in the eyes of all mankind, and they want it to be adequate to the nation's greatness, as a complete city, a rounded whole." Citizens Have No Vote. It is these prolilems of government of the National Capital that the people of Washington would have every American understand. In a presentation of this l)rief character it is, of course, impossible to bring out the facts in anything like adequate form, but the citizens of this city, who have, it should not be forgotten, no direct voice whatever in their own government, must appeal to the citizens of every State, not only in order to secure justice for themselves, but also to insure continued interest in the development of the city of all the people. The Secretary of State was directed in Fe1)ruary, 1913, by resolution of the Senate to ascertain the systems of taxing Government property in the several capitals of the leading countries of the world. The report is to be made at the earliest practicable day and is expected to be referred to in any later discussions that may arise relative to the half-and-half principle of taxation applied in Washington. It should be kept in mind, however, when this report is submitted, that there is no capital like Washington. Every other great capital city is also a large industrial' and commercial center, wdiile Washington was designed as a home for the Federal Government. "I approach my new place keenly appreciating the fact that the United States is the greatest Nation on earth, and that Washington, the capital thereof, should be the greatest city on earth. In common with the large majority of all good citizens, it is my hope and desire that Washington should be the most beautiful of all the capital cities of the world. In this connection it should be known also that whatever we do in the way of building up and improving is not for the good merely of this present generation. We are building for the people who will be here 100 years and 200 years from now." — Senator John Walter Smith, of Maryland, on assuming the chairmanship of the Senate Committee on the District of Columbia, March, 1913. THE NEW WASHINGTON 35 EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF all Washington's attractions the chief for students and scholars is the opportunity for preparatory, collegiate and post-graduate study, for research and for hroad culture. In all these respects no other city in the country can equal the Capital. While the great national university dreamed of by George Wash- ington has not come into being, the number and character of educational institutions have grown remarkably. The fact that the city is the seat of Government, the home of its various Departments, and the storehouse of the researches of the Government since its foundation has naturally given impetus to the growth of schools, colleges, scientific and artistic institutions and societies for research. Under the Government there are, for instance, the Smithsonian Insti- tution and the National Museum with their wealth of material relating to natural history, ethnology, and the history of the United States. Then there is the Library of Congress, without a peer, of course, on the Ameri- can continent, the contents and service of which are available to all who 1 — Carnegie Institution of Washington; 2 Gibbons Memorial Hall, Catholic Uni- versity of America; 3 — Fairmont Seminary; 4- Smithsonian Insti- tution ; 5 — Laboratory of Industrial Research. 36 THE NEW WASHINGTON SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES. 1 — Trinity College; 2 — Washington Seminary; 3 — Immaculata Seminary; 4 — Belcourt Seminary; 5 — National Cathedral School for Boys; 6 — Saint Agnes' School. would use them. The statistical and scientific bureaus of the various Departments with their equipment for study and research are also avail- able to the student and scholar in Washington. For scientific research the Army Medical Museum, the Hygienic Laboratory, the Bureau of Standards, the Botanical and Zoological Gardens, the Geological Survey, the Naval Observatory, and other facilities provided by the Government form a field of opportunity not available elsewhere. For the art and music student there is the Corcoran Art Gallery, the art societies and theatres providing a wide range of opportunity. The city itself with its notable sculpture, painting and architecture provides a subject of study of a character unequaled, of course, in any other city. During the fall and winter months the gatherings of the many scientific and artistical socie- ties afford opportunity to hear lecturers and orators of national and inter- national importance. THE NEW WASHINGTON Z7 Madison Hall School. Another feature of special interest to students and scholars are the many national and international con- ventions and congresses that meet in Washington. It was a rare oppor- tunity, for instance, for those in Washington to attend the sessions of the great International Congress on Hygiene and Demography that was held in Washington in 1912, the first time it had ever been held in the United States. Another and by no means unim- portant educational advantage is the presence of the nation's legislators in Congress. The House of Representatives and the Senate of the United States furnish opportunity for observation and study unequalled elsewhere. To the student of American history the archives of the Govern- ment and the many visible and tangible objects connected with the country's history are an inspiration. Five Universities. Four notable universities are established, and a fifth has now in- creased its endowment to a point where it is nearly ready to receive stu- dents. Georgetown University is the oldest of these, and is the oldest and largest Jesuit institution of learning in the country. It was founded in 1789. The university has affiliated with it a college of liberal arts, a well equipped medical college and hospital, a college of law with some of the nation's most eminent lawyers and jurists upon its faculty, a museum of historic objects and a famous astronomical observatory. The Catholic University is a notable institution of learning with extensive equipment and facilities. It is by all odds the most important Catholic seat of learning in the United States. George Washington University has a medical department with an admirable hospital, a department of arts and sciences, a college of pharmacy, and a law college. The en- dowment of that university is now being largely increased. Howard Uni- versity was chartered in 1867. It is complete in its university work and facilities, as are the other two uni- versities. The American University represents the Methodist denomina- tion in the United States, and it is the purpose of that denomination to establish at the National Capital an institution of learning comparable to that established by the Catholic Church. It has a beautiful site at the northwestern end of Massa- chusetts Avenue, and already there have been erected two univer- sity buildings. A college of grad- uate study will be opened June 4, l)y the American University. This will mark the first opening of the doors of the institution to students, Hamilton School. and has become possible largely 38 THE NEW WASHINGTON through a bequest made by the late president of the board of trustees of the universit}'. Dr. David H. Carroll, of Baltimore. There are six colleges : Galludet, Gonzaga, St. Johns, Trinity, St. Austin's, and Holy Cross. The first is an in- stitution for the education of deaf mutes. There is ai highly efficient college of law for women students and many of the alumnae of the Washington College of Law have been admitted to practice before the Su- preme Court of the United States. There are three law Manchester Hall School, schools and in all there are facilities for study for those who are engaged during the day. Private Schools and Colleges. For preparatory and collegiate courses Washington is remarkably equipped with private educational institutions. There are over sixty of these. Among them are the Belcourt Seminary, the Emerson Institute, Fairmont Seminary, Hamilton School, the Academy of the Holy Cross. Im- maculata Seminary, Madison Hall School, Manchester Hall, the National Cathedral School for Boys, the National Cathedral School for Girls. St. Agnes' School, the Washington Collegiate School which also has in con- 1 — Howard University, one of the buildings; 2 — McKinley Manual Training 3— Business High School; 4— Western High School. School: THE NEW WASHINGTON 39 Georgetown University. Georgetown College. junction with it the Washington College Summer School at Mountain Lake Park, Maryland, and Washington Seminary. There are also efficient institutions for commercial and other special work. Among the business schools are Strayer's Business College, the Lake School, and the Temple School. This great array of educational institutions attracts to Washington many thousands of students from every part of North America. There is an increasing number of students from South American countries also, and this movement is being- especially encouraged by the Southern Commer- cial Congress. Excellent Public Schools. For the permanent resident in Washington there is available in ad- dition to these institutions a public educational system of the highest standard. The Washington public schools are known throughout the country. Primary, grammar school, high school, manual training, business and commercial departments with separate buildings and instructors, for white and colored, are provided in Washington's public school system. The system is under the direction of a Board of Education whose mem- bers are appointed by the Justices of the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia. "The original plans of the city of Washington have been wrought out with a constant progress and a signal success even beyond anything their framers could have foreseen. The people of the country are justly proud of the distinctive beauty and government of the capital, and of the rare instruments of science and education which here find their natural heme." — President William McKinley, in annual Message to Congress, December, 1898. 40 THE NEW WASHINGTON Other Facilities for Study. Supplementing the work of these various facilities for learning in no unimportant way are the Young Men's and Young Women's Christian Associations. Both of these organizations have largely attended educa- tional departments, which are under the direction of able and efficient instructors. The Carnegie Institution is the leading semi-public organiza- tion for encouragement of research and the application of its results to the improvement of mankind. A step further was proposed this year at the fiftieth anniversary convention of the National Academy of Sciences when it was proposed by Dr. Ira Remson that the Academy be suitably housed in Washington and that it be used by the United States Govern- ment as a clearing house for scientific work and knowledge. The future also holds promise of the realization of George Wash- ington's ideal and plan for a great national university at the Capital. This idea is deeply rooted in the minds of Americans and it is safe to say that with the discussion and interest about it in recent years its estab- lishment is not far distant. Mention should be made also of the District of Columbia's correc- tional institutions. These are well conducted training schools for those whom the law commits to them. One of these institutions, The National Training School for Boys, has one of the most attractive grounds and set of buildings of any institution in the District. Boys here are taught to become useful citizens. School Travel to Capital. That Washington is appreciated as an educational center not only by those who come here to study but by students in schools elsewhere is clearly shown by the great influx of students and teachers who come NATIONAL CATHEDRAL SCHOOL FOR GIRLS. THE NEW WASHINGTON 41 1 — Mon Repos Sanitarium; 2 — Academy of the Holy Cross; 3 — Main Building, National Training School for Boys; 4 — Y. M. C. A. to spend at least a few days and in many cases a week or two at the Capital. It has become a widely general custom for graduating classes of public high schools and private preparatory schools annually to make Washington a visit. From New England alone at each Easter vacation the railroads bring in from three to five thousand pupils and teachers and this spring 500 school teachers from Canada spent a week seeing the sights of the Capital of the United States. "Washington is the only city in which every citizen of the Republic may claim an equal share and feel an equal pride. It is the capital both of the Nation and of the people. From the Canadian border to the Mexican border every citizen may say: 'This is my capital,' and take equal pride in it. And it is the only city in the land of which they may thus feel and speak." — Thomas Nelson Page, February 18, 1913. THE NEW WASHINGTON WASHINGTON COLLEGIATE SCHOOL. Scenes at Washington Collegiate Summer School. THE N E W W ASH IN GEO N Churches. 43 The churches of Washington are particularly interesting in their historic associations. The oldest church in the District, St. Paul's, is located in Rock Creek Cemeter}-. Founded in 1719, the old structure is still a place of worship. Another ancient church where Presidents Jefferson and Madison were frequent worshippers is St. John's at the southeast corner of Potomac and O Streets. Ihe better known church of the same name at the corner of H Street and the Avenue of the Presidents was attended by Madison, Mon- roe, John Quincy Adams, Jackson, Van Buren, Harrison, Tyler, Filmore, Buchanan, and x\rthur. President Taft occasionally worshipped at this church, but was a regular attendent at the All Souls' Church at the south- east corner of L and Fourteenth Streets. Dr. Edward Everett Hale preached here. The church was founded in 1822, but the congregation has recently purchased a site and is now building upon it a handsome struc- ture at the corner of S Street and the Avenue of the Presidents. The New York Avenue Presbyterian Church, at the corner of New York Avenue and Thirteenth Street, was a favorite place of worship of Presi- dent Lincoln. One of the oldest organized churches in the city, Christ Church, is on G Street between Sixth and Seventh Streets, S. E. This church was organized in 1795. But many new structures have been erected, and one of the most beautiful of these is that of the Christian Science Church at the corner of Euclid Street and Columbia Road. One of the most interesting re- ligious institutions in the city is the Franciscan Monastary in the suburb of Brookland. Reproductions of sacred places, such as those of Jeru- salem, Bethlehem, and the Catacombs of Rome may be seen here. Prob- ably the most notable project in church building is that of the Cathedral of SS. Peter and Paul which is now being erected at Mt. St. Albans at the corner of Wisconsin and Massachusetts Avenues. On a large tract of land, here will be erected by the Protestant Episcopal Church one of the largest and most beautiful Gothic church buildings in the United States. "As well said by my predecessor, we should make this a capital of capitals, a capital of the whole nation as each state has its capital, Washington to overtop the capitals of those states, as the nation overtops those states, representing all that is finest in American conception, all that is largest and bright- est in American thought; representing in ideal what the capital of a great nation should be. "What you have got to do, ladies and gentlemen, is to make the nation feel its interest in Washington, make the man from Maine and Arkansas and Minnesota and Florida feel that Washington belongs to him. It is not alone those who live here that are its owners, but these men from all over the coun- try. They come to Washington and they are proud of the na- tion, and ought to be taught to be proud of their capital." — James Bryce, former Ambassador of Great Britain to the United States, in farewell address to the Committee of One Hundred on the future development of Washington, affiliated with the Chamber of Commerce, February 27, 1913. 44 THE NEW WASHINGTON J^^ ^-^>^ ^5fe 1' M HOMES OF WASHINGTON BANKS. 1 — Riggs National Bank, at left, and American Security & Trust Company, at right; 2 — National Savings and Trust Co.; 3 — Washington and Southern Bank, and A. G. Plant & Co. ; 4 — Continental Trust Co., at left hand corner; Commercial National Bank on the corner, and Union Savings Bank at right. FINANCIAL IMPORTANCE WASHINGTON enjoys a unique advantage over every other city in the country in respect to its banks, in that not only the national banks, but the trust companies and savings banks are all under the direct supervision of the Comptroller of the currency. They make their reports on call, as do the national banks. Therefore, for purposes of safety the trust companies and savings banks of the District are on the same footing as the national banks. The growth of banks in Washington reflects the_ growth of the Capital City. There are now eleven national banks, with resources of over $56,000,000 ; six trust companies, with resources of nearly $50,000,000, THE NEW WASHINGTON 45 and fifteen savings and commercial banks, with total resources of $12,500,000. At the time of publication there is now about to open a seventh trust company, with a capitalization of $2,000,000, the entire stock of which was oversubscribed in half a day. The growth of Washington in the past quarter century, as personally observed and actively participated in by a Washington banker, is clearly and strikingly brought out by E. Southard Parker, president of the Union Savings Bank. He shows that in 1887 there was not a trust company in the city and only one savings bank. "The banking business in Washington has had a marvelous growth," he says. "For many years prior to 1887 it was in what might be called a quiescent state, and there had not been a bank started for over twenty years, when, and in the short space of three years thereafter the number of banks was doubled and the capitalization was trebled. "Twenty-five years ago the deposits in the national banks amounted to $15,000,000. Today the national banks, the trust companies and the savings banks have upward of $80,000,000, or nearly a 600 per cent. gain. The deposits in the savings banks today, and there was only one savings bank in Washington twenty-five years ago, are now as much as the national banks had then, and the trust companies have as much money on deposit as the national banks have at this time." Periods of general financial stress are rarely felt in Washington. The steady payment by the Federal Government of employees assures a very large item of constant circulation of ready cash. Washington securities, public utility, and certain industrial bonds, building bonds, and stocks of local enterprises have had a record of unusual stability and profitableness, and there is always a ready market for them. Market for the South. Washington bankers are now realizing a new field of business de- velopment, and are reaching out to the South and marketing many securities which have been in the habit of passing by the doors of the capital to New York. With the growth of the South, the growth of this character of business will undoubtedly be of very large proportions. Another prominent banker, J. Selwin Tait, president of the Washington and Southern Bank, points out the opportunity the Capital has to develop business with the South. He says : "A glance at the map will show the favorable and central situation occupied by the Capital City, and more particularly its accessibility to such important States as Virginia, West Virginia, and North Carolina. "It is interesting to note how the average wealth of these States has increased in recent years, and we obtain the following figures from the Manufacturers' Record. The three States mentioned have increased their savings bank and trust company deposits between 1880 and 1911 as follows : 1880. 1911. Virginia $7,757,202 $49,765,561 West Virginia ." 4,034,743 60.499,951 North Carolina 1,596,632 45,595,830 "If we take the figures for the South, as a whole, we find that they represent the following percentage of the total deposits of the country: 1880, $117,000,000, one-twelfth; 1910, $1,056,000,000, one-tenth; 1911, $1,184,000,000, one-ninth. 46 THE NEW WASHINGTON "From the foregoing it will be noted that not only is the increase steady but that it shows a larger relative proportion of the country's wealth each year. "During the period referred to the growth of the railroad ^mileage of the three States is as follows: Virginia, from 1,893 to 4,135 miles; West Virginia, from 691 to 3.754 miles, and North Carolma, from 1,486 to 5,424 miles. M ^W ^^ H H i, ii » II II " il II ILJ- iJ ii W If 1 OFFICE BUILDINGS. l_Victor Building; 2 — Union Trust Building; 3 — Interstate and American National Bank Buildings; 4 — Washington Loan and Trust Building, THE NEW WASHINGTON 47 "Manufactured products increased between 1880 and 1909 as follows: Virginia, $51,781,000 to $219,784,000; West Virginia, $22,867,000 to $161,960,000. and North Carolina, $20,095,000 to $216,614,000. "In addition to this remarkable growth the capital investment in manufactories shows a percentage increase in the five years ended 1909 as follows : Virginia, 46 per cent ; North Carolina, 54 per cent ; West Virginia, 74 per cent. "The moneys invested in buildings, machinery, etc., show a still greater increase. Thus, between 1900 and 1909, the investment in build- ings, machinery, etc., increased in Virginia 134 per cent, in West Virginia, 207 per cent, and in North Carolina, 218 per cent, with a corresponding increase in the output through such machinery, etc., as follows : Virginia, 102 per cent, or $111,150,000; W^est Virginia, 141 per cent, or $94,953,000; North Carolina, 155 per cent, or $131,340,000. "It is only natural to expect that this growth will continue and even increase, with a constantly increasing demand for banking facilities, and as Washington is the natural banking center for the States referred to, it only needs the right kind of bank and proper form of charter to enable it to meet the needs of the condition and handle the situation. "Under the proper auspices Washington should rapidly become to the South the banking center which New York is now to the country at large, and it is only a question of time before this will be brought about and the Southern States recognize the desirability of Washington as their banking center." Clearings Treble. In the past twelve years the clearings of the Washington banks have increased from $129,000,000 in 1900, to $392,000,000 in 1912, corre- sponding in striking fashion, as may have been noted, with the growth of the city as registered by the increase in the value of real estate. The homes of Washington banks are notable structures in many instances. The trust companies, including that just formed, have build- ings valued at over $5,000,000. The national banks' homes are valued at $3,212,000, and those of the savings banks reach nearly a million. The total involved in l)ank structures and fixtures is a1)out $9,250,000. "It has been intimated, in these days of muckrakers, that Washington is more or less under the control of a set of men who govern the tendencies and trend of values and who man- age financial matters in the city in such a way as to inure to their own benefit, and, therefore, to the detriment of the public. "I have been here for the past nine years continuously. I believe I have been in such position as to know if erraft or undue gain at the expense of the public were rife or had any substan- tial existence. I do not mean to say that every man in Wash- ington, in business or in banking, is as pure and as disinterested as if he were a saint, but I do mean to say that, as cities go, there is no city in the country where there is less graft, where there is less food for scandal, where there is less manipulation for the private exploitation of individuals at the expense cf the public, than in Washington, and that among the citizens of Washington there is a great deal of earnest, self-sacrificing de- sire to promote the interests of the city at large and of the people of the rity." — President William H. Taft. in farewell ad- dress to the citizens of Washington, February 20, 1913. 48 THE NEW WASHINGTON I The Woodward Building, Fifteenth and H streets. THE NEW WASHINGTON 49 THE CITY'S INDUSTRIES ALTHOUGH Washington is not an industrial city, there has been an interesting growth in manufactures. Definite statistics showing this growth were recently issued by the Census Bureau covering the five years between 1904 and 1909, and showing comparisons with the previous five-year period. Exclusive of the establishments operated by the Gov- ernment there were in the District, in 1909, 518 factories, giving employ- ment to an average of 9,758 persons, to whom was paid out $6,835,000 in salaries and wages. The products of these factories had a value of $25,289,000, to produce which raw materials to the value of $10,246,000 were consumed. Manufactures in the District showed a much greater increase in the five years from 1904 to 1909 than they did in the preceding five-year period. The number of establishments in 1904 was 482 and in 1899, 491, a decrease; the number of persons engaged in manufactures increased by 25.5 per cent in the last five years, but there are no figures to show the increase in the preceding period ; the capital invested jumped 51.3 per cent in the past five years, while it increased only 12.5 per cent before ; salaries increased 52.9 per cent, as against 38.4 per cent ; wages increased 36.4 per cent in comparison with 21 per cent, and the value of products increased 2)7.7 per cent in the five years between 1904 and 1909 in com- parison with an increase of only 11.8 per cent for the live years before that. Plant of the Chapin-Sacks Mfg. Co. Plant of the M. C. Mitchell Co. Plant of the Home Ice Co. Plant of J. Carey King. 50 THE NEW WASHINGTON Out of the 518 industries in the District there are 156 printing' and publishing establishments ; seventy-one factories turning- out bread and other bakery products ; live making malt liquors ; twenty-three foundries and machine shops ; ten lumber factories ; fifteen factories turning out stone work; seven making flour mill and gristmill products, and 231 factories of other kinds. The bulletin also includes a census of the establishments operated by the Federal Government, the figures being kept separate from the others. There are eleven of these establishments employing 11,666 per- sons. The capital represented amounts to $28,479,599. Salaries of $1,016,745 and wages of $10,663,040 were paid out in 1909 to these employees. The figures show a slight increase over these for 1904. Included in Govern- ment factories are the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, the Government Printing Office, the Naval Gun Factory, mail bag repair shop and other smaller shops in the Departments. Motor Truck Plant of The Witt- Will Co. B. & O. R. R. Coal Trestle and Yard of W. W. Griffith. Established 1898. The annual tonnage of coal is about 100,000 tons. Later the Census Bureau showed that on April 15. 1910. there were 52,488 women, sixteen years of age and over, in the District of Columbia who were engaged in gainful occupations. These totals constitute 30.6 per cent of all the females in the District at that time, or 36 per cent of the females over 10 years old. Of the gainfully employed women 16 years of age and over, 13.7 per cent were from 16 to 20 years old ; 64.9 were from 21 to 44, and 21.4 per cent were over 45 years of age. The question of inducing manufacturers to establish plants in the District has been the subject of controversy for many years. On the one hand there has been a disposition on the part of many men in Con- gress and others to discourage any attempt to build up Washington's industries. On the other hand, many business men of Washington have felt that many industries might be introduced without in any way interfering with the attractions of the city from a residential standpoint. Those industries which have been established have, on the whole, been highly successful, and there are many advantages from an industrial THE NEW WASHINGTON 51 standpoint at the Capital. The chief of these is transportation facilities. Washington is an important railroad center, with admirable trackage facilities for shipping. Cheap sites are available, and for certain classes of industries— employing high-grade labor— there are many sites suitable for housing employees at moderate cost. Fuel is cheap and electric power for industrial purposes is available. At least one large manu- facturing plant has found its ow^n producer-gas plant an economical form of power. Not only has this form of power been found economical, but it has served entirely to obviate any infraction of the anti-smoke law wdiich obtains in the District. Model Industrial Plants. Some of the model industrial plants of the country are located in Washington; the Bureau of Engraving and Printing is the largest institution of its kind in the world, employing 1,900 men and 2,100 women. The Bureau, of course, turns out all of the' paper money, bonds, postage stamps, and other engraved forms of the government, as well as the national bank notes. When the Bureau occupies its new building, now nearly completed, it will have one of the model manufacturing plants of the United States, from which manufacturers seeking the larest devices in efficiency, economy, and sanitary conditions may readilv obtain 1 — Underwood Typewriter Co.; 2 — B. B. Barnshaw & Bro., Wholesale Grocers; 3— Warehouse of F. P. May Hardware Co.; 4— G. G. Cornwell & Sons, Grocers; 5 — National Electrical Supply Co.; 6— Fidelity Storage Co. 52 THE NEW WASHINGTON The Palais Royal Department Store I W. B. Moses & Sons, Largest Retail Furniture and Carpet House in America. THE NEW WASHINGTON 53 ideas based on actual experience. The great Government Printing Office and the Naval Gun Factory are likewise industrial institutions of huge proportions and interesting organization. The field in Washington for factories turning out products for use by the United States Government is one which has only been recently appreciated. In 1906 there was established a steel factory, which manu- factures armor-piercing projectiles for the army and navy. This factory now employs about 500 men and its plant consists of ten buildings and 368 acres of land. In this instance, although the class of industry is one supposed to be undesirable from a residential standpoint, there has been no objection from any source, illustrating clearly the contention that factories may be established in Washington without in any way detracting from the beautification of the capital. A Notable Industrial Success. Another evidence of the growth of W^ashington, D. C, in the past decade, and one of the most conspicuous examples of the success of prop- erly conducted industry, not only in Washington, but in the whole country, is furnished by the plant of the Corby Company, manufacturers and shippers of pure compressed yeast. Well within the period since 1900, when the new Washington received its great impetus, the business of this company has been created and developed to its present large proportions. The company was organized just eight years ago. Its land now covers ten city blocks in area and its buildings have an aggregate floor space of nearly ten acres. The company is an independent organization, a direct development /•"^r^^ry^ , , PLANT OF THE CORBY COMPANY. 54 IHE NEW WASHINGTON of the Corby Brothers Baking Company, another important factor in the business Hfe of the capital. The need, experience by the baking company for yeast of absolute uniformity and purity, which was unobtainable, led to the organization of the Corby Company. Its product was designed at first for the use of the baking company, but other bakers, learning of its great strength and purity, asked to l:)e supplied and the demand has con- tinued, until at the present time the daily output averages about eight tons. This is shipped direct from the factory to baker by express, and shipments go to all parts of the United States, Canada, Newfoundland, the Panama Canal Zone, and to Europe. Old methods of distribution have been eliminated and the company has perfected a system of direct shipment that has done away entirely with all middlemen and all handling between the plant and the l)aker who receives it. To insure this method of shipment and to produce what experts de- clare is the highest known quality of yeast in the world, the company has spared neither effort nor expense. To insure a daily supply of yeast against any possibility of failure through injury to machinery or plant, the company has installed thousands of dollars worth of duplicate ma- chinery and made all buildings fire-proof. Large additional expense has been and is daily being incurred for original scientific research, trained scientists, and every means, scientific or otherwise, is used to produce the most nearly perfect product. It is this high ideal which the company has set for itself, it is asserted, that is largely responsible for the remarkable success and growth of the business. The plant is visited by bakers who come from all parts of the country to combine a sight-seeing trip to the Capital with one of inspection of the company's now famous plant. The District of Columbia Paper Manufacturing Co. is another local corporation demonstrating the possil^ility of industrial success at the Capital. Organized in the centennial year, 1900, with a capital stock of $50,000, the company increased this in 1909 to $300,000 and since 1906 dividends of 6 per cent have l)een paid annually. It ships its product of cover and blotting papers to all parts of the country. The cover paper used in this publication is one of the products of this plant. "You will consider it as the capital of a great nation, ad- vancing with unexampled rapidity in arts, in commerce, in wealth, and in population, and possessing within itself those energies and resources which, if not thrown away or lamentably misdirected, will secure to it a long course of prosperity and self-government." — President John Adams, in Message to Con- gress, November 17, 1800. "The dream of George Washington is fast becoming reality. He looked upon the future capital as the center of art and learning. He looked forward to a great city with beautiful avenues and streets, stately buildings, classic and grand, worthy of the great Republic. All this has been realized. It takes no prophetic eye to see in Washington in the near future the queen Capital City of all the nations of the earth, worthy of the great Republic." Representative Sereno E. Piyne, in Speech at the Capitol, December 12, 1900. THE N E W IV A S H INGTON 55 Washington Commercial Houses 1 — J. B. Kendall Co.. iron and steel; 2— R. P. Andrews Paper Co.; 3— Cigar Factory and Store of Henry T. Offterdinger ; 4— F. P. May Hardware Co.; 5 — Brentano's Building in which are the offices of the Wash- ington Chamber of Commerce--at left, Carroll Electric Co. THE NEW WASHINGTON 1 — William Hahn & Co., shoes; 2 — Stumph & Lyford, furniture; 3— Parker, Bridget & Co^, clothing; 4— J. E. Hanger, Inc.. artificial limbs; American Dairy Supply, bottle caps; 5— Ninth Street view, with M. A. Leese, optician, in foreground; 6 — Saks & Co., cloth- ing, and Jos. Strasburger Co., shoes. THE NEW WASHINGTON 57 COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISE THROUGH the enterprise and activity of the business men of Washing- ton the city has made a remarkable advance in its commercial interests since 1900. Up to that time little attention was given to the question of developing the commerce of the city. The great commercial emporium of which George Washington dreamed, had long been forgotten and it was the common habit of a large number to go to Baltimore. Philadelphia, and New York for retail shopping. Today the retail stores of Washington have grown in number and character to such an extent that these stores are not only supplying the demands of the most fastidious residents of the city, but they are reaching out for, and have already developed a wide field of rural trade. Within a radius of 40 miles to the east and north, and from 150 to 300 miles to the west and south come custom- ers to the retail stores of Washington. This field of trade has been largely developed through enterprise of the city's merchants in co-opera- tive effort. Today there are twelve large department stores, eighty-two dry goods stores, fifty-two hardware stores, 335 drug stores, about 300 re- tail grocery stores, and a large number of other retail establishments. The merchants of the city are thoroughly organized and the spirit of co-operation and mutual benefit predominates. In the wholesale field Washington's trade has been extended largely throughout the South and nearly all of the ^yholesale houses in the past few years have been compelled greatly to increase their facilities and quarters. There are now eight large wholesale grocery houses, fourteen wholesale lumber merchants, thirty-three electrical machinery and supply concerns, sixty-five commission merchants, two wholesale drug concerns, four wholesale paper and stationery houses, two of which have erected The People's Mutual Benefit Insurance Co. Real Estate Title Insurance Co. Columbia Title Insurance Co. 58 THE NEW W AS HIN GTO N 1 — R. Harris & Co., jewelers; 2 — Home of the Equitable Life Insurance Co.; 3 — Gude Bros., florists; 4 — Mercantile Cooperative Bank. large new buildings within the past year, and many other wholesale concerns. For the wholesale trade, transportation facilities are admirable. All of the great railway system^ of the South converge at Washington and adequate transportation is furnished by water. With the opening of the Panama Canal the increase in prosperity of the surrounding- country, which must be affected by the increased activities at the South Atlantic ports, is sure to be felt in Washington, if the city itself does not share in this new trade. THE NEir IV AS 11 IN GT ON 59 Transportation Facilities. In the rearrangement of the railroads incident to the changes made at the time of the construction of the Union Station a few years ago, there was included an admirable provision for future facilities for com- mission and produce houses. The plans for the acquisition by the Gov- ernment of all the land l)etween Pennsylvania Avenue and the Mall and the Capitol grounds and Fourteenth Street for the purpose of erection of public buildings, has already been described. On a part of this prop- erty near the new Xational Museum, many of the wholesale houses, and practically all of the provision and commission houses of the city arc located. These, of course, will eventually have to find new homes. It was with this contingency in view that provision was ipade in the south- western section of the city, where the railroads enter from the South, and adjacent also to the water front and wharves. A large tract of ground has been set aside there, upon which, when occasion requires, may be erected buildings for the accommodation of these business houses. The plans call for shifting of cars on side tracks directly to the buildinys themselves, and on such a grade that goods can be taken itito the build- A PART OF WASHINGTON'S WATERFRONT. View from top of Washington Monument, showing Washington Channel. Army War College in distance. 60 THE NEW WASHINGTON Office Building of Swartzell, Rheem & Hensey. ings and moved through to wagons on the other side for dis- tribution through the city. If goods come by water, the wharves are immediately adjacent so that cartage is reduced to a minimum. In addition to this admirable plan, and supplementing it, there has been erected by private capital an extensive cold-storage plant, with provision for future increase of capacity sufficient for many years. Cars bringing provisions and produce to the commission houses can be shunted directly into the cold-storage plant, if goods are to be stored, and un- loaded without cartage in the storehouse itself. The plant is fully equipped with its own ice- manufacturing machinery, which is run by power generated in the plant by producer-gas engines. The railroads have made provision for future needs of wholesale houses in two other sections of the city adequate to meet all future requirements. Adjacent to one of these terrninals is the largest hay storehouse in the South, where hay is unloaded directly from the cars. Prestige Returning. Something of the old commercial prestige of Georgetown is begin- ning to return. Georgetown, in the days of Washington, was an import- ant seaport, enjoying trade with England and the West Indies. This port, however, like that of Alexandria, dwindled to very small proportions by the middle of the last century. But in the last few years the Baltirnore and Ohio Railroad has run a branch line from its main line directly into the city along the ancient water front and established adequate terminal facilities for the handling of freight. Advantage of this has been taken and already a large volume of shipping by rail has been developed. In one instance, for example, a paper factory is daily shipping many car loads of high grade paper to all parts of the United States. Dockage facilities here also are good and the channel is suited to vessels of deep draught. Wliile the project has as yet not materialized, plans have been under con- sideration for several years to make this section the Atlantic seaboard terminus of a great trunk line. Here would be the connecting point for ocean vessels which would receive the export freight of the road. "The United States w^ill live; and vdth them Washington will live, expanding, multiplying, beautifying, enlightening, with every turn of the prodigious wheel of which it is the axle." — Senator John W. Daniel in Speech at the Capitol, December 12, 1900. THE NEW WASHINGTON 61 WASHINGTON HOTELS. 1 — The Arlington (now razed) ; 2— The Hamilton ; 3— The New Ebbitt ; 4— The Raleigh; 5 — The New Willard; 6— The Metropolitan. The Convention City. Washington is easily the favorite city of the country for holding large conventions, and without doubt it has demonstrated its ability comfortably to entertain larger crowds than any other city. To anv one who has attended an Inauguration of the President of the United States this is a self-evident fact. At the Inauguration of President Wilson 300,000 visitors came to the city and were entertained without discomfort. More great gatherings come to Washington than to any other city. The hotels of the Capital are organized to carry high-peak loads. For 62 THE NEW WASHINGTON 1— Hotel Shoreham; 2— Hotel Driscoll ; 3— Tea Cup Inn; 4— Hotel Fritz Reuter ; 5— The Florida Inn; 6 The L-.fayette Arms; 7— Hotel Sterling. delegates to conventions the city possesses more attractions than any other and gives the deleaate an opportunity to see liis National Capital while attending to the affairs of his convention. For organi/^ations that hold conventions for the purpose of promoting any propaganda in which they are interested. Washington also affords greater facilities for puhlicity than any other center. Here are gathered more newspaper correspond- THE NEW WASHINGTON 62, ents than in any other city of the United States. Practically every news- paper in the country, in Canada, and many in Europe have their personal representative in Washington, so that here the facilities for disseminating news about the business of a convention are the greatest. The Chamber of Commerce adds to the natural advantages of the city as a place for organizations in convention by offering every assistance and courtesy in the power of the business men of the city. At the rate at which the number of organizations holding conventions are making Washington their meeting place, it is evident that within a short time most of the national conventions of the country will lie held in this city. -\ - Hj»* _ it"«i,h_ ' T*''*^ ^Jifc^i^iL- ;,^ .jjit^^lli^- Hotel Winston — First street, N. W. Civic Organizations. Although the people of the District of Columbia are without a vote, the only American citizens who are denied the right of suffrage even in their own local affairs, there is prol)ably no city in the country where there is displayed a deeper and more intelligent interest in questions of munic- ipal administration than in the city of Washington. The Chamber of Commerce is unlike other organizations of its kind in other cities in that it considers matters not only pertaining to commerce and industry and the business interests of its members, but it is a forum where each month or more frequently every matter of municipal admin- istration and proposed legislation affecting the District is thoroughly dis- cussed. This also applies to the Board of Trade, the Federation of Cit- izens' Associations, and some thirty citizens' associations organized in as many different sections of the city. The District Commissioners and the District Committees of Congress have come to regard these organizations as their chief advisors in matters of proposed legislation. In these organizations the sentiment of the whole community is crystallized and their resolutions form a quasi sub- stitute for the ballot. THE NEW WASHINGTON 1 — New Fredonia Hotel; 2 — Hotel Lincoln; 3 — Dewey Hotel; 4— Hotel Engel 5 — Hotel Logan; 6 — New Bancroft. Food Supply. To those who would make Washington their permanent place of res- idence the question of the city's food supply is most important. The Cap- ital is fortunate in being situated close to the trucking and fruit producing sections of the South, and to the markets of Washington come fresh the year round an abundance of produce and table delicacies at the lowest prices. Washington enjoys also a sea-food supply surpassed by no other city in the country. This in itself is an especial attraction to many who are denied sea-food because of distance from the ocean. Markets and grocery stores are scattered over the entire District and there is no sec- tion where there is inconvenience in this respect. The markets of the city, especially Center Market and Riggs Market, are patronized by many housekeepers who prefer to do their marketing in person. Where Center Market now stands there has been a public market since the founding of the city. With the increase in the city's population and its prosperity, this market has kept pace — the open sheds of President John Adams' time being replaced in Jackson's time by building somewhat better, but yet of the open-shed character, almost unusual in inclement weather. With the new and greater Washington that followed the Civil War, among the improvements that came, one of the important ones was the erection of the present commodious Center Market building. THE NEW WASHINGTON 65 Center Market. New Terminal Cold Storage and Ice Plant of the Washington Market Co Within the last three years all stands npon which meats, poultry, and fish are exposed for sale have been replaced liy stands of concrete, white tile and marble. Travellers say that on the 600 stalls of Center Market are offered a greater variety of the edible products of the earth, fresher and at lower prices, than in any market seen in all their travels. The meat and food supply of the city is carefully supervised and scrutinized by an efficient and alert Health Department. "Washington intended this to be a Federal city, and it is a Federal City, and it tingles down to the feet of every man, whether he comes from Washington State, or Los Angeles, or Texas, when he comes and walks these city streets and starts to feel that 'this is my city; I own a part of this Capital, and I envy for the time being those who are able to spend their time here.' "—President William H. Taft, May 8, 1909. (^ THE NEW WASHINGTON COLUMBIA COUNTRY CLUB. CHEVY CHASE CLUB. Washington — A Model City. The inspiration that led the founders to design a city that would be a model physically, has extended in these later days to move many to a desire to make Washington a model in every respect. A model in government, in efficient municipal administration, in home building, street lighting, sanitary engineering, in education, policing, and in regulation of its public utilities, is the ideal to which more than passing interest is being given. President Wilson has already been deeply im- pressed with this conception of a capital city, and has retained in office the Economy and Efficiency Commission, largely for this purpose. The application of the principle of a model city has been extended even to the purpose of establishing in Washington a children's museum. Miss Julia Lathrop, who is developing the new Children's Bureau of the Government, makes this suggestion in the following language : "Can you not imagine a day when the Government should find it reasonable to set up in Washington some children's Smithsonian, some living museum, some palace for the youth of our land, in which should be installed, not only in historical array the story of the life of the THE NEW WASHINGTON 67 various types of children in the world, the Indian and the Eskimo, but where there should be set forth the best knowledge of the world about the care of children, and where there should be exemplified day by day in a sublimated and humanized laboratory fashion the best sort of nursery care, of teaching, of industrial training, of employment for children, of recreation and exercise and all the means of innocent pleasure? What could add a finer grace to this city than such a palace? What could be a more reasonable expression of that concern for the growing one-third of our people, who will fill the places of those of us who are now grown, and who will do their task as much better than we as we by our equipment of them make possible? Do we not owe it to them, not today nor tomorrow, but when the time is ripe, to get up here a noble democratic house from which may be sent out all our growing knowledge, which shall serve the health, the fruitful education, and the useful work, and the joy of living, of our children?" Park For Sport. Still another phase of this ideal is expressed by the plan of Colonel Spencer Cosby, Superintendent of Public Buildings and Grounds, who is also the executive officer of the Fine Arts Commission. Colonel Cosby would give over about 370 acres of Potomac Park for the establishment of a great park for sports, where golf links, baseball diamonds, tennis courts, and a great stadium in which the annual Army and Navy football game and other great national and international sporting events should be held. Washington is already the model city of the world in respect to city planning, and its example has given an unmeasured impetus to the idea of city planning throughout the world. The rapid change of the form of many municipal governments to the commission plan may in large measure be laid to the highly satisfac- tory manner in which that form of government has worked out in Washington. The Washington Club. The Commercial Club (Present Quarters.) 68 THE NEW WASHINGTON Metropolitan. Commercial. WASHINGTON CLUBS. University Army and Navy. "Every loyal American has a personal pride in the beauty of Washington and in its development and growth. There is no one with a proper appreciation of our Capital City who would favor a niggardly policy in respect to expenditures from the national Treasury to add to the attractiveness of this city, which belongs to every citizen of the entire country, and which no citizen visits without a sense of pride of ownership." — Pres- ident William H. Taft, in special message to Congress, Decem- ber 19, 1912. THE NEW W ASH I N GTON 69 1 — Walter Reed Army Hospital; 2 — John Dickson Home for Aged Men; 3 — Wil- lard Memorial Building at Garfield Hospital; 4 — Washington San- itarium; 5 — George Washington University Hospital. PROVIDENCE HOSPITAL. 70 THE NEW WASHINGTON • ""^ i - /*. J ^ '^< attK lii-A^.,..^ "^^1 flH tor t- V ■n r ?*■ ■^ " ^ '"'^iBf^Sl b ..^ fM^^^^^H ' "'-•^^ B St. Gauden's "Grief," Rock Creek Cemetery Lafayette Statue. Lafayette Square. STATUES Washington is a city of interesting and instructive statues in the circles, public parks, triangles and squares at the intersections of streets and avenues have been placed, from time to time as the city grew, statues in commemoration of men who have played important parts in the history of the nation. The location and the name of the sculptor of each is given. The care of these statues is entrusted by the Gov- ernment to the Superintend of Public Buildings and Grounds, who is an officer of the United States Army. One of the most notable groups of statuary in the city is now (July, 1913) in course of erection, the memorial to General U. S. Grant. This important group will form the chief feature of adornment and interest in what one day will be Union Square, proposed as a part of the scheme of the Senate Park Commission. Henry M. Shrady. of New York, is the sculptor and designor. The other important statues of the city are the following: Carroll, Archbishop John. Georgetown College Campus. Columbus, Christopher. Union Station Plaza. (Lorado Taft.) Daguerre, Louis J. M. Smithsonian Grounds. (J. S. Hartley.) Dupont, Admiral Samuel F. Dupont Circle, Massachusetts ave.. Nineteenth st. and New Hampshire ave. (Launt Thompson.) Farragut, Admiral David G. Farragut Square, Connecticut ave and K st. (Vinnie Ream Hoxie.) Franklin, Benjamin. Pennsylvania ave. and Tenth st. (Jacques Jouvenal.) Frederick the Great, War College grounds, Washington Barracks. (Presented to the I'nited States by the present Emperor of Germany.) Garfield, President James A. Maryland ave. and First st. S. W. (J. Q. A. Ward.) Greene, Major General Nathanael. Md. ave. and Fourth st. N. E. (H. K. Brown.) Gross, Dr. Samuel. Smithsonian grounds. (A. S. Calder.) Hahnemann, Dr. Samuel Christian Friedrich. Scott Circle, east side. (C. H. Nieuhaus.) Hancock, General Winfield S. Penna. ave. and Seventh st. (Henry Elhcott.) THE NEW WASHINGTON 71 NOTABLE STATUES. 1 — McPherson; 2 — Sherman; 3 — von Steuben; 4 — Paul Jones; 5 — Kosciusko; 6 — Hahnemann ; 7 — Garfield. Henry, Professor Joseph. Smithsonian grounds. (W. W. Story.) Jackson, General Andrew. Center of Lafayette Square. (Clark Mills.) Jones, Commodore John Paul. Foot of Seventeenth street. (C. H. Nieuhaus.) Kosciuszko, Gen. Thaddeus. Northeast corner Lafayette Square. (Antonio Popiel.) Lafayette, Marquis de. Southeast corner Lafayette Square. Statues of Rochambeau and Duportail, of the army, and De Grasse and D'£)staing of the navy, are on the pedestal. (A. Falguiere and A. Mercie.) Lincoln, Abraham. John JNIarshall Place and D street. (Lot Flannery.) Lincoln, Abraham. The Lincoln statute in Lincoln Park, East Capitol and Eleventh sts, is known as the Emancipation Statue. (Thomas Ball.) Logan, General John A. Iowa Circle, Rhode Island ave. and Thirteenth st. (F. Simmons.) Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth. Connecticut ave. and N st. (Wm, Couper.) THE NEW WASHINGTON CHURCHES OF THE CAPITAL. 1— New York Avenue Presbyterian; 2--Church of the Ascension. Episcopal; 3- Metropolitan M. E. ; 4— Luther Memorial; 5— All Souls' Unitarian; 6 — Grace Reformed, Dutch; 7— St. Patrick's, Catholic. THE NEW WASHINGTON 72, Luther, Martin. Thomas Circle. Vermont ave. and Fourteenth st. (Cast in Germany from models of Reitschel's centerpiece of the memoral at Worms.) McClellan, General George B. Conn, avenue and Columbia road. (F, MacMonnies.) McPherson, Maj-General James P.. McPherson Square, Vermont ave. and Fifteenth St. (L. L. Rebisso.) Marshall, Chief Justice John. West front of Capitol. (W. W. Story.) Peace Monument. Pennsylvania ave. and First st. (F. Simmons.) Pike, Albert. Third and D streets. (.G. Trentanovi.) Pulaski, Count Casimir. Penna. ave. and Thirteenth st. Casimir Chodzinski.) Rawlins, Alaj.-Gen. John A. Pennsylvania ave. and Ninth st. (T. P>ailey.) 'Rochambeau, Comte de. Southwest corner Lafayette Square. (M. Ilamar.) Rush, Dr. Benjamin. Naval Museum of Hygiene, Twenty-third and E sts. Scott,^ General Winfield. Scott Circle, Massachusetts ave. and Sixteenth st. (.H. K. Brown. Scott, General Winfield. Soldiers' Home grounds. (L,aunt Thompson.) Shepherd, Alexander R. Pennsylvania ave. and Fourteenth st. (U. S. J. Dunbar.) Sheridan, General Philip Henry. Sheridan Circle, Massachusetts ave. and Twenty- third St. (J. O. A. Ward.) Sherman, General William Tecumseh. Plaza south of the Treasury. (Carl Rohl Smith.) Stephenson Grand Army Memorial, Seventh st. and Louisiana ave. (J. M. Rhind.) Steuben, Baron von. Northwest corner Lafayette Square. Thomas, General George H. Thomas Circle, Fourteenth st. and INIassachusctts ave. (J. O. A. Ward.) Washington, George. \\'ashington Circle, Pennsylvania ave. and Twenty-third st. (Clark Mills.) Washington, George. Capitol plaza. (Horatio Greenough.) Webster, Daniel. West Side of Scott Circle. (G. Trentanovi.) Witherspoon, John. Connecticut ave. and N st. (William Couper.) EMBASSIES AND LEGATIONS Argentina, 1728 Twenty-first street. Austria-Hungary, 1304 Eighteenth street. Belgium, 2011 Massachusetts avenue. Bolivia, 1633 Sixteenth street. Brazil, 1013 Sixteenth street. Chile, 1327 Sixteenth street. China, 2001 Nineteenth street. Colombia, The Portland. Costa Rica, 1329 Eighteenth street. Cuba, 1018 Vermont avenue. Denmark, 1605 Twenty-second street. Dominican Republic, Southern Bldg. France. 2460 Sixteenth street. Germany. 1435 Massachusetts avenue. Great Britain, 1300 Connecticut avenue. Greece, The Wyoming Apartment. Guatemala 1745 Rhode Island avenue. Haiti, 14_"^ R1i()(le Island avenue. Honduras, The Gordon. Italy, 1400 New Hampshire avenue. Japan, 1321 K street. Mexico, 1413 I street. Netherlands (Holland), 1901 F street. Nicaragua, Stoneleigh Court. Norway, Wyoming Apartment. Panama, The Portland. Persia, The Netherlands. Peru, 2223 R street. Portugal, Stoneleigh Court. Russia, 1701 K street. Salvador, The Bellevue. Siam, 1721 Rhode Island avenue. Spain, 2620 Sixteenth street, Sweden, 1820 N street. Switzerland, 2013 Hillyer Place. Turkey, 1711 Connecticut avenue. Uruguay, 1734 N street. Venezuela, 1017 Sixteenth street. Franciscan Monastery at Brookland, D. C. 74 THE NEW WASHINGTON A W®l€©m© to YcDimr Citj BY H O >' . C U >' O H . RUDOLPH Presidetnt Board of Commissioners District of Colvmbia It has been remarked by one prominent in American civic affairs and appreciative of the National Capital, that a Washington welcome is a little different and a little better than the ordinary run of welcomes. Naturally, I subscribe to that. I believe that the welcome is "a little different" because when you come to Washington you are in what 1'fl*."^ is already your own — the National City, in which every American citizen, from the great maun- tains and the prairie lands to the solemn pines and the everglades, has a half and half interest with those of us who are bona fide residents of George Washington's City on the Potomac. In the hearty words of one of our ancient Mayors, "You are in Washington: make yourselves at home!" Washington is often referred to as an ideal convention city, and unless you come here on the Fourth of March you are apt to find the weather sprite reasonable. It is the model city we are striving diligently to create and maintain here. We feel that nothing is too good for your city, and we want you to feel that way too, and we need your help. We have local pride here, but we also have what is more im- portant to you and the development of your capital, the broad view, the national spirit. The city itself is built on broad lines, and the hearts of its people are warm to strangers. In your laudable efforts to benefit your own particular home city, you must not forget that you and your fellow-citizens have an abiding interest in this the National Capital of all of us; that it is the patriotic duty of all to combine to make it a model city and one worthy in every way to be the Capital of our great Nation, You can aid us in many ways. You can use your influence in Congress, which constitutes our city council or board of aldermen, so that in the press of public duties, Washington may not be overlooked. You can aid us with suggestions as to how to make this city more attractive to visitors and residents. We who have chosen this for our permanent place of residence will not be, and no loyal American should be, content to rest until we have here the most beautiful, the most healthful, the best- governed capital in the world. Let us all work in harmony to accomplish this great end. "Gentlemen, you are in Washington. Make yourselves at home!" CUNO H. RUDOLPH. "As the larger patriotism makes the nation dearer than the State, so the capital of the nation claims the allegiance of the citizen of every other rity. even above that which he gives to his own city." — Henry B. F. Macfarland in C::eech at the White House, December 12, 1900. THE NEW WASHINGTON 75 "The people of Idaho are interested in seeing the National Capital maintained on a proper scale, and they believe that the Federal government should do its share in the up-keep of the city. This, I believe, is the spirit throughout the West. We are proud of our National Capital. The people of my state do not feel that it is a burden, but a duty, to contribute their small share to the expenses of the Capital. The government should certainly pay one-half the expenses of the District, if not more." — Gov. James H. Hawley, of Idaho (Democrat). "I believe that the government should do its share toward the maintenance and improvement of the National Capital. If the government owns half the property in the city of Washing- ton, as I have been assured that it does, and a little more than half, it should pay one-half of the expenses of the city, bearing its share just as ether property holders." — Gov. Adoiph U. ±ld- erhart, of Minnesota (Republican). "In my opinion the Federal government should pay one- half of the expenses of the National Capital. I am not sure but what I would favor the government's paying all the ex- penses of the Capital." — Gov. Tasker L. Oddie, of Nevada (Re- publican) . "The citizens of the country take a justifiable pride in their National Capital, and I believe that it should be maintained as a beautiful city should be." — Gov. Oswald West, of Oregon (Democrat), "It is not to be expected that the District should be forced to pay out millions from its own pockets for beautifying the Capital along the lines that the country wishes it to be beauti- fied. That would require millions more than the District can naturally afford in the matter of justifiable taxes. Such bur- dens shcuid be borne largely by the Federal government." — Gov. Edwin L. Norris, of Montana (Democrat). "When it comes to Congress paying its share of the public parks, public grounds, and other examples of civic attractive- ness, I do not believe that Congress can do too much toward their maintenance, as we all want to see Washington the great- est Capital City on earth." — Gov. John Burke, ot North Dakota (Democrat). "I heartily favor the present system, because it is the only way in which the Capital may be beautified to make it the greatest Capital City in the world. It is the duty of Congress, and in this opinion the majority of citizens in the United States will agree with me, to appropriate large sums of money for the prcpei maintenance 'f the Capital." — Gov. R. S. Vessey, of South Dakota (Republican). n THE NEW WASHINGTON THE PATENT OFFICE. BRIEF GUIDE TO WASHINGTON As it is not the pm-pose of this book to be a gviide to the cit}-, in the sense of a hand-book or Baedeker, only a brief account of the points of national and historic interest are here given. The visitor will find this of great assistance and historic and sufficient for most purposes. Detailed descriptions of the public buildings and historio places may be had in the publications devoted to that purpose. Starting at the Union Station, at Massachusetts and Delaware avenues, where all railways enter Washington, the visitor may use the following guide on his sight- seeing tour. The magnificent new station, costing more than $18,000 000, is one of the finest railway stations in the world, and a most fitting and dignified entrance to the Capital of the United States. The street railway system of transfers makes it possible to reach almost all points of interest cheaply. A popular plan of making a tour of the city is by the "Sight Seeing" automobiles. For $1.00 one is taken to all parts of the city, with compe- tent guides, who point out every point of interest to the passenger. The trip con- sumes about two hours. Washington is divided into rectangular blocks by streets running east and west and north and south. A series of broad avenues intersect each other at the Cap- itol, while others meet at the White House. Commencing at the Capitol the streets running north and south are designated by nimibers, and those running east and west by letters. There are A, B, and C, etc., north, and A. B, and C, etc., south; 1st, 2d, and 3d, etc.. east and 1st, 2d, and 3d, etc., west. Each block begins with an additional 100, so that one is enabled to tell how many blocks he is from the Capitol. THE CAPITOL. The Capitol of the United States is situated on Capitol Hil!, about three blocks from Union Station, which faces it looking out Deleware avenue. The building is open from 9:00 a. m. until 4:30 p. m. daily, except Sundays and holidays. During the session of Congress the forenoon is the best time for inspecting the building. Congress goes into session at noon, and when in session flags are displayed on the building, over both the Senate and House of Representatives. lyicensed guides stationed in the Rotimda charge a nominal price for their ser- vices in showing visitors the principal features of the building. THE NEW WASHINGTON 77 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. The Liibiary of Congress, admitted to be one of the finest buildings in the world, is located just east of the Capitol. The building is constructed of New Hampshire granite, covers nearly four acres of ground, and represents an expenditure of over six million dollars. It is the product of American art and workmanship, and m richness and harmony of decoration stands as America's highest architectural achievement. The building is open from 9:00 a. m. until 10:00 p. m., week days; on Sundays and holidays, 2:00 to 10:00 p. m. While the Library is primarily in- tended for the use of the members of Congress, any visitor can obtain books, to be read in the Library, by tilling out the required blank at the librarian's desk. SENATE AND HOUSE OFFICE BUILDINGS. Adjoining the Capitol grounds on the northeast and on the southeast are, respect- ively, the Office Uuildings of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The former contains 91 rooms and the latter 410 rooms. To each member of the Senate and of the House of Representatives is allotted an office in which to transact h^s official business. Both of the Office Buildings are (connected with the Capitol by sub-ways. The buildings are constructed of white marble and are of similar design. NEW CITY POSTOFFICE. The new white marble building adjoining the Union Station on the west is the Washington City Post-Office, one of the finest in the country. It will be occupied in 1914. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. Tlie huge red building just northwest of the Union Station and occupying the large sossession of the Government. The historical collection contains personal relics, mementoes and memorials of most of the Presi- dents and scores of American statesmen, soldiers and sailors. The Ethnological exhibts include vakiable series of objects representing the arts, industries and customs of the American Indians, the Eskimo, natives of Africa, Asia, etc. There is also a special exhibit illustrating the chief religions of the world. The natural history collection represents primarily the favma of the United States. THE POST-OFFICE DEPARTMENT. This Department is housed in the General Post-OfHce building, a massive granite structure at Pennsylvania avenue and Twelfth street. The most interesting feature to the visitor is the Dead Letter INIuseum, containing numberless curios taken from the unclaimed letters. Open daily, except Sundays and holidays, 9 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. The Bureaus of these Departments now occupy leased buildings in various parts of the city. The Secretaries' olifices are in the building at 513-515 Fourteenth street. The Departments include the Bureau of Corporations, the Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization, the Division of Information, the Bureau of Manufactures, the IJvueau of Statistics, the Bureau of Lighthouses, the Bureau of Navigation, the liureau of the Census the Coast and Geodetic Survey, the Bureau of Fisheries, and the Bureau of Standards. All Bureaus open daily, except Sundays and holidays, 9 a. m. to 2 p, m. THE NEW W A S H INGE ON 81 THE WEATHER BUREAU. This Bureau is under the direction of tlie Department of Agriculture, but oc- cupies an interesting little building of its own at M and Twenty-second streets. Here the visitor may watch the delicate instruments by which the velocity of the wind, the temperatures, seismic disturbances, moisture and other climatic phenomena are measured and noted. Open daily, except Sundays and holidays, 9:00 a. m. to 4 :30 p. m. THE BOTANICAL GARDENS. The National Botanical Garden is at the foot of Capitol Hill and occupies the space between Pennsylvania and Maryland avenues, from First to Third streets. Its conservatories are extensive and contain a very large collection of rare plants gathered from all parts of the world. Open daily, 9 a. m. to 4 p. m. THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA BUILDING. This is a beautiful structure of white marble, at Pennsylvania avenue and Four- teenth street, and contains the offices of the District Commissioners and all Munic- ipal Departments, except the Courts. THE SOLDIERS' HOME. iSituated on a hillside some three miles north of the Capitol, the white tower of the United States Soldiers' Home is one of the conspicuous objects of the National Capital. Eight hundred men, honorably discharged after twenty years of army ser- vcie, or otherwise -disabled or incapacitated by wounds or disease, are comfortably accommodated in the live dormitory buildings. The grounds comprise 512 acres of diversified lawn, slope and ravine. Open 9 a. m. to sunset. THE NAVY YARD. The Washington Navy Yard is on the Anacostia river, at the foot of Eighth street. It was established in 1804, and in the early days stood unrivaled as a place of construction for war vessels. The "Wasp," the "Argus," and the "Viper," of the early American navy, were examples of its handiwork. Of late years it has become an ordnance factory, where the great guns of the Navy, cast at Bethlehem, Pa., are brought to be finished. Open daily 8:30 a. m. to sunset. THE NAVAL OBSERVATORY. The Naval 01)servatory, umlcr direction of the r>ureau of Navigation, is situated on Georgetown Heights, and cotitains a :i6-inch etiuatorial telescope, one of the largest in the world. Washington Standard time is telegraphed from this Observatory daily to every point in the United States, the time-ball dropping from the Hag-staff at the instant the sun crosses the Meridian at Washington. Open daily, except Sundays, 9 a. m. to 3 p. m. ; also, Thursday evenings, 8 to 10 o'clock. Special cards re- quired for Thursday evening admission. THE MARINE BARRACKS. Occupy almost the entire sciuare at lughth and G streets, S. E. During the summer there are concerts daily, at 11 a. m. by the famous Marine Banfl. and the interesting ceremony of Guard Mount every day at 9 a. m.. and a formal inspcL-tion at 10:00 a. m. every ^londay. Open daily, 8 a. m. to sunset. THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE. This Department contains the ofifice of the Attorney General of the United States, and is located on K street, between Vermont avenue and Fifteenth street. Open daily, except Sundays and holidays, 9:00 a. m. to 4:30 p. m. 82 THE NEW WASHINGTON Christ Church, Alexandria, where Washington worshipped. WAR COLLEGE AND BARRACKS. The Barracks, formerly the Arsenal, is located directly on the banks of the Poto- mac and at Four and a Half street. It is at present used as an artillery post, but will, upon completion of present plans, become the most important post in the country. It contains the War Col- lege, the School of National Defense, and the Engineers' School of Application. In front of the War College is the statue of Frederick the Great, given to the United States by the Kaiser Wilhelm. The grounds are open to visitors daily from 8 a. m. until sunset. THE ARMY MEDICAL MUSEUM. Occupies a structure of its own, at Seventh and B streets. The collections illus- trate methods of military surgery and treatment of diseases incident to war. Open daily, except Sundays and holidays, 9 a. m. to 4:30 p. m. HYGIENIC LABORATORY. At Twenty-third and E streets is located the Hygienic Laboratory and Museum of Hygiene. The building is open to visitors from 9 a. m. to 2 p. m. on week days. Here the physicians and scientists of the Government conduct their experiments. THE NEW WASHINGTON 83 THE NATIONAL ZOOLOGICAL PARK. The National Zoo, established in 1889, for the advancement of science and the recreation of the people, is under the direction of the Smithsonian Institution. It occupies a singularly beautiful tract, 167 acres in area, in the Northwestern portion of the city, and contains and preserves the largest collection of fauna of the United States. It is open every day and all day. THE INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSION. The Commission, which administers the law regulating the rates and practices of railroads and steamship companies, occupies two fine leased buildings, 1317-1319 F street. Open daily, except Sundays and holidays. 9 a. m. to 4:30 p. m. CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION. The offices of the Commission are in a handsome new structure at 1724 F street N. W. Open daily, except Sundays and holidays, 9:00 a. m. to 4:30 p. m. CABIN JOHN BRIDGE. Seven miles above Georgetown, or West Washington, was erected by the War De- partment during the administration of_ Secretary Jefferson Davis. The bridge now forms a part of the aqueduct system ; is 240 feet long, and its arch, with a span of 220 feet, is reputed to be the largest masonry arch in existence. GREAT FALLS OF THE POTOMAC. Five miles beyond Cabin John are the Great Falls of the Potomac river, one of the most beautiful bits of natural scenery about Washington. The Falls are reached by the Great Falls Electric line, the terminal of which is at Thirty-sixth and M streets, N. W. BLUEMONT AND THE BLUE RIDGE. One of the most interesting trips out of Washington is that to Bluemont and Leesburg, in the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia. Electric trains run frequently from the corner of Thirty-sixth and M streets, N. W. ALEXANDRIA. Prior to the stirring days of the Revolution, Alexandria, rich in historic associa- tion, was the American metropolis of the British Crown. Many of the old streets are paved with cobblestones laid by Hessian prisoners of war, under the personal direction of Washington himself. Among the notable points of interest in Alexandria may be mentioned the old residence of Lord Thomas Fairfax; the Carlyle House, where gathered the cele- brated "Congress of Alexandria," between Colonial Governors and the British Gen- eral, Braddock, and also where Washington received his first commission. Quaint Christ Church, where Washington worshipped, and where his pew, marked with facsimile autograph on a silver plate, remains undisturbed ; old Friendship Fire Company, of which Washington was a prominent member; the old City Hotel, a famous hostlery in bygone days, from which steps Washington gave his last military order; the Alexandria-Washington Masonic Lodge, of which Washington was the first Master; and the old Marshall House, on King street, the scene of the Ells- worth tragedy at the outbreak of the Civil War. 84 THE NEW WASHINGTON ANNAPOLIS, MD.--OLD STATE HOUSE. BUILT 1772-4. ARLINGTON NATIONAL CEMETERY. On the Virginia Hills surrounding Arlington House, sleep 16,000 soldiers who died during the war between the States. Arlington House was built in 1802, by George Washington Parke Custis, whose widowed mother became the wife of General Wash- ington. Upon the death of Custis the property descended to Mary Custis Lee, wife of General Robert E. Lee. General Lee and JNIary Custis were married in 1831, in the drawing room where present day visitors to Arlington may register their names. In 1861, as Lee assumed command of the Confederate forces, the Federals estab- lished a camp at Arlington; later it became a hospital, and when other available cem- etery grounds no longer sufficed, its level plateaus and grassy slopes were devoted to the burial of the dead. The first grave was prepared for a Confederate prisoner who died in the hospital. P>oth Arlington and Alexandria are reached by electric trains leaving the terminal station at Twelfth street and Pennsylvania avenue. FORT MYER. On the Virginia side of the river, is one of the most important cavalry posts of the Army, and visitors may witness the guard mounts, squadron manouvers and fancy- drills, by the crack regiments. The Fort Myer I'nited States Signal Station is the headquarters of the Aero- plane and Balloon corps of the Army. On Fort Myer Reservation there has been erected the most powerful wireless telegraph station in the world. The tallest of the . three steel cage towers is more than 100 feet higher than the Washington Monument. The station is capable of sending and receiving messages within a radius of 3,000 miles. Fort Myer is reached by the Arlington electric cars leaving the station at Twelfth street and Pennsylvania avenue. THE NEW WASHINGTON 85 ANNAPOLIS, MD.— BANCROFT HALL, U. S. NAVAL ACADEMY. COLONIAL ANNAPOLIS. One of the most interesting and delightful trips about Washington is that to the ancient city of Annapolis, thirty-five miles from Washington and a little over an hour's ride on the large interurban electric cars of the Washington, Baltimore & Annapolis Electric Railroad. Probably there is not a city in the country that today retains so many well- pre- served buildings of the Colonial period and so much of the real atmosphere of the early days as the Capital City of Maryland. Annapolis, too, is the site of the United States Naval Academy, the training school for every officer of the Navy. The grounds of the academy are extensive and beauti- ful and are at all times open to visitors. The Government has expended about $15,000,000 in a group of magnificent buildings for the naval school. Cadet drills and band concerts are given at the academy daily. The electric railway company has issued a fully descriptive booklet about Anna- polis. The station is in the Bond building at the southwest corner of New York ave- nue and Fourteenth street. MOUNT VERNON. Mount Vernon, the home of Washington, is situated on the western bank of the Potomac, about fifteen miles from Washington. It is open to visitors every day except Sunday. In the grounds are the tomb of Washington and the ^Mansion House occupied by him. The latter contains many priceless relics of the Father of His Country. Mount Vernon may be reached by electric cars of the Washington, Alexandria and Mt. Vernon railway, from Twelfth street and Pennsylvania avenue. The trip can also be made by steamer of the Mount Vernon and ATarshall Hall Steamboat Com- pany, starting from wharf foot of Seventh street, at 10:00 a. m. and 1:45 p. m. 86 THE NEW WASHINGTON MT. VERNON, THE HOME OF WASHINGTON. OTHER PLACES OF HISTORIC INTEREST. Washington is surrounded with places of historic interest that are easily accessible to the visitor to the city. On the Washington- Virginia Railway whose station is at the corner of Twelfth street and Pennsylvania avenue, are many of them : Falls Church, Fairfax Court House, where the will of George Washington is recorded, "Gunston Hall," below Mount Vernon, "Woodlawn " the stately home of the beauti- ful Nellie Custis, adopted daughter of General Washington, and other Colonial and Revolutionary homes. Bladensburg is another interesting little town and can be reached by trolley leav- ing the corner of Fifteenth and H. streets, N. %. Bladensburg was a port iri Col- onial days and much tobacco was shipped thence to Europe. Near the town is the famous duelling ground, where Commodore _ Decatur fought Commodore Baron. Here also Commodore Barney and General Windsor faced the British in the War of 1812. The town was founded in 1742. Here was fought the Battle of Bladensburg. The eastern branch of the Potomac river was navigable in 1814, and the British fleet tinder Admiral Cockburn sailed up tne river to this point. At Riverdale, a mile beyond, is the old Calvert Mansion, the home of the last Lord Baltimore. It is now owned by a Washington business man and within the past two years has been restored by him. "Indeed, the more the commission studied the first plans of the Federal City, the more they became convinced that the greatest service they could perform would be to carry to a legitimate conclusion the comprehensive, intelligent, and yet simple and straightforward scheme devised by L'Enfant under the directicn cf Washington and Jefferson." From the report of the Park Commission to the U. S. Senate, 1901.* *The report of the Park Commission, abridged by the author, will be published as Senate Document No. 16, 63d Congress, 1st Session, about contemporaneously with the publication of this volume. The unabridged report is now out of print. No Trip To WasHing'ton Is Complete Without a Visit to— Old Point Comfort ...r -AND- Norfolk Va.= Via '*THE HISTORIC LINE'' Potomac River Ciiesapeake Bay Hampton Roads DAILY SERVICE MODERN STEAMERS Norfolk &i Washington Steamboat Co, Write Passenger Department Desk "A" WASHINGTON, D. C. For Illustrated Booklet. 87 MANHATTAN COFFEE MILLS, 618 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE, N. W. AN IMPORTANT WASHINGTON INDUSTRY. The Washington branch of the Manhattan Coffee Mills, Inc., is one of the important manufacturing establishments of the city. Start- ing about five years ago in a. small building in the southwest section of the city, the mill's business increased rapidly and to such an extent that within the year the plant was moved to the large, modern five-story building on Pennsylvania Avenue, between Sixth and Seventh Streets. The coffee plant is an absolutely sanitary one. The Manhattan Coffee Mills are coffee roasters. Their cof- fees are put through separators, taking out the stones and other refuse. E'very bean is then milled and the shell taken off, giving a far superior coffee to that treated by ordinary processes. The company uses a. patent chaff blower, which blows off the chaff while the coffee is in process of roasting. To witness these methods of manufacture and to inspect the sanitary conditions under which the product is turned out, the public is at all times welcome, and visitors to Washington are daily escorted through the buildings and the processes explained. In addition to the large coffee business, the Manhattan Mills carry the largest stock of teas of any house south of New York, being extensive importers of teas. The company has much of the Government contracts for cof- fee and tea, and supplies the principal hotels, clubs and cafes. It is also now branching out. into the South and building up a con- siderable Southern trade. WM. H. SAUNDERS & CO., REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT AND INSURANCE AGENTS, SOUTHERN BUILDING, WASH- INGTON, D. C, offer their services for the purchase and sale of large and small office and other business buildings, residences and investment properties generally. They have for sale a large list of unimproved lots and squares, and acreage property suitable for sub- division. First deed of trust and first mortgage loans in Washington are not subject to taxation, which thus give a larger net rate of interest than elsewhere. They give this feature of their business especial attention. There is no better place to invest money than in the National Capital. There is no "boom," and they refuse to handle properties at inflated values. Investments made by the above firm for clients range from small sums to many thousands of dollars. Tell tliem what you want, the amount you wish to invest, and whether you wish property for rise in value or income, and they will offer suggestions. Twenty-four years' experience in Washington enables them to use expert judgment in serving their clients. Inquiries through corre- spondence are furnished satisfactory financial references. 89 THE DIME-NAILER A WASHINGTON PRODUCT m THE SWA®©W oftl^eCAIPIT©!!/ THE NATIONAL CAPITAL bids fair to have another title added to the many it already enjoys, for within its precincts and under the very shadow of the Capitol there is an industry that is as unique as it IS remarkable; its purpose being to teach the people to become thrifty and to save money. The object is accomplished by means of a device known as the "DIME-NAILER," which possesses so many attractive fea- tures that it must be seen to be thoroughly appreciated. The success already attained by this ingenious plan suggests the possibility of the National Capital being known as "Washington, The Teacher of Thrift," for it is here that the plan was born, perfected and developed into a powerful in- strumentality for the betterment of mankind. Visitors to the Capital should include in their itinerary a visit to this unique establishment for, un- less present indications are misin- terpreted, it will not be long before its influence will be felt and its name become famous throughout the land. Bankers, wage-earners and those interested in spreading the gospel of Thrift are particular- ly invited to call and investigate the workings of this institution. In the same building with the Dime- Nailer are located the headquarters of "The Dime-Savers' League," and the "Cointrappers of America." Members of these bodies are in- vited to call and make themselves welcome while in Washington. A well-known banker recently suggested that this institution was the originator of "Dime-ocratic" banking, and entitled to much credit for educating the American to be- come a Saver instead of a Squan- derer. One of the reasons this con- cern selected Washington as its headquarters is because of the faith of its founders in the future great- ness of this city as the national cen- ter for all national movements, or- ganizations and societies. The offi- l^^iilrii lllJii PLANT OF THE DIME-NAILER CO. Washington. D. C. cials are practical bank men of broad experience and high standing, well and favorably known to bankers here and abroad. The Dime-Nailer Co. also manufactures a number of other savings devices and advertising specialties for banks, savings societies, church clubs, fraternal organizations, co-operative bodies, etc. Interested parties are invited to write for booklets, samples and full particulars, to THE DIME-NAILER CO., 201 B Street N. W., W^ashington, D. C. 90 Sixteenth and S Streets, N. W. Washington, D. C. THE SCOTTISH RITE TEMPLE. (Now being erected at S street and the Avenue of Presidents.) WASHINGTON, D. C. Reinforced Concrete and Hollow Tile Construction C. A. HAMMETT, President. R. G. FLETCHER, Secy.-Treas. and Supt. of Construction. 91 WASHINGTON The National Capital reflects the power, wealth and growth of the United States. So long as "the Government at Wash- ington still lives," so long will the National Capital prosper and grow. Washington is unaffected by financial panics, industrial and commercial depressions, or labor troubles, the only city in the United States that can make the same boast. WRITE FOR ILLUSTRATED PAMPHLET. HARRY WARDMAN WASHINGTON, D. C. 92 HIGH-GRADE Building Inve^ments AT THE National Capital Building investments in Washington combine solid Perma- nency with a high rate of income. As the Nation grows so grows Washington. HARRY WARDMAN WASHINGTON, D. C. 93 p. J. CLARKE Stone and General Contractor Gibbons Memorial Hall, Catholic University of America 3256 N St., N. W. W^ASHINGTON, D. C, PKone ^W. 480 94 Evolution of the Washington Railway & Electric Company 1865. ^ ^ - ' ^.^-'■- k Kill ill TI Ulliii,ir;lil! ^ ^&?-^" — '^^^^■■li' • li. : }i ! * ! mm ^^M ^'"^^^m ^ 1895. iSi^**%W: 1*^^"^- 1913. USE WASHINGTON Fast No Smoke THE ELECTRIC LINE MID-CITY TERMINALS Between BALTIMORE ANNAPOLIS Clean Frequent No Dirt No Cinders Fast Limited Trains Every 30 Minutes From 14th and New York Avenue, Washington Direct to Business and Theatre Districts of Baltimore Without Change of Cars. Hourly Service to AnnapoHs and Direqt to Gate Famous U. S. Naval Academy. Don't fail to visit colonial Annapolis. See famous U. S. Naval Academy, hemes of three signers of the Declaration of Independence, and State House where General Washington resigned his Commission. Protected by Automatic Block Signals. Washington, Baltimore & Annapolis Eledlric Railroad Company WASHINGTON 14th & New York Ave. Bond Bldg. terminals: BALTIMORE Park Ave. & Liberty near Lexington St. 96 ANNAPOLIS U. S. Naval Academy West St. Station. TOURS MADE BY THE Sight-Seeing Automobiles of the International Auto Sight- Seeing Transit Company TOURING WASHINGTON, ARLINGTON, FORT MEYER and ENVIRONMENT — and SHOWING THE INTERIOR OF THE CAPITAL'S PUBLIC BUILDINGS. Fourteen Large Forty (40) Passenger Automobiles, Cover- ing the Entire City. COM- FORT, ELEGANCE, JOY. General Offices: No. 600 Penn. Ave., N. W. HOWARD HOUSE Telephones: Main 1074-1075 DIME MESSENGER SERVICE Incorporated MOST RELIABLE & QUICKEST We deliver PackaQes, Parcels, Notes and InvitatioDS PROMPTLY and SECURELY Call Main 5120-5121 717 12th Street, N. W. Bonded Messengers Seeing Washington Automobiles Tour tKrotigH tKe city ai^d its parKs— Fare $1.00. EVERY HOUR ON THE HOUR Interior of Public Buildings, Twice Daily — 10 A. M. and 1 P. M. Arlington and Virginia Suburbs. Three Times Daily— 10 A. M.. 2 P. M. and 4 P. M. Main Office and Starting Point, 484 Penna. Ave. N. W. "Reputation Built on Quality" C)^>0(TV(KjO«^ \\)^aAa^cw D.J. O'CONNELL Sole Distributor 637 Pa. Ave. Mail Orders a Specialty. 97 ON THE Washington and Old Dominion R A I L^\^AY Historical GREAT FALLS of the Potomac. Picturesque BLUEMONT in the Blue Ridge Mountains. The most delightful places near the National Capital are reached by this line. Frequent, speedy, and comfortable electric service from Terminal at 36th and M Streets, Northwest For schedules and further information, apply 705 Fifteenth St., N. W. 905 F St., N. W. 36th and M Sts., N. W. Colonial Beach Washington's Atlantic City. Average Population, Season 1912, 15,000. New walks, sewerage system, and many other permanent improvements tend to make Colonial Beach an ideal resort for health and recreation. Palatial Steamer ST. JOHNS will make her first trip May 30. DAILY ROUND TRIP: Adults 50 cts. Children 25 cts. SEASON TICKETS, ROUND TRIP: Adults $1.00 Children 50 cts. Colonial Beach Company Foot 7th Street, WASHINGTON. D. C. FOR Mount Vernon Fast Electric Trains Hourly from 10 a. m. to 2 p. m. Round trip 50 cents Trains go Direct to Mt. Vernon Gate, at Top of Hill Washington Utilities Co. Station, 12th and Penn. Ave. Opposite Post Office Dept. 98 Phone Main 3922 Branch of New York, N. Y. Manhattan Coffee Mills, Inc. 618 Pennsylvania Avenue N. W. WASHINGTON, D. C. IMPORTERS OF COFFEE AND TEA Roasters and Distributors of The following Brands of Coffee MartKa WasKington Romeo and Juliet Cream Blend Capitol Bow Knot 99 Phones, Lincoln 573-574 S. M. FRAZIER HJon^ anft (Eoal lutlbtng iHatprtal ANACOSTIA, D. C. Yard of S. M. Frazier, Anacostia. D. C. E. J. PULLMAN HodaKs, Films, Photo Supplies of Every Description Oldest House. Largest Stock. Honrst Prices. Developing and Printing for Ama- teurs a Specialty. Everything y^u need or want done in Photography. Phone, Main 767 420 Ninth Street N. W. Washington, D. C. National Eiedricai Supply Company Special Service for Indu^rial Plants See Page 107. IQQ Witt-Will Company I MOTOR W ITT -W I L L 'CO.TRU^CKS^I BUILDIMG J REPAIRINO BUILDERS OF Heavy Service Motor Trucks In Capacities of One, Two and Four Gross Tons W. W. GRIFFITH KSTABI.ISHED 1H98 COAL DEPOT Annual Output, 100,000 Tons WASHINGTON, D. C. 101 J. E. HANGER, Inc. HANGER BUILDING, 221-3 G St. N. W., WASHINGTON Hanger Improved Artificial Limbs NO METAL SPRINGS NO CORDS NO CHAFING NO JARRING Furnished on Absolute Guarantee of Satisfaction Send for Handsome Catalogue ROLLING CHAIRS, CRUTCHES, SUPPLIES ATLANTA Established 1861 WASHINGTON ST. LOUIS The Sanitary Bottle Cap The only cap with a handle. Can be easily removed with the fingers alone. Approved by New York and other Boards of Health. Write for Prices and Samples. American Mosaic Company Terrazo Mosaics Ceramics Tile Work of Every Description Mosaics and Tiling A few buildings containing our work: Washington, D. C. U. S. Nat'l Museum New Building, White House, Bureau of American Republics, D. A. R. Building, New Municipal Building, Mrs. McVeagh's Residence, Pullman Residence, Woodward Apartments, Emerson Hotel, Baltimore, Md. Union Pacific New Bldg., Omaha, Neb. First Nat'l Bank Bldg., Roanoke. Va. 1st Nat'l Bank Bldg, Hagerstown. Md. Watts Hospital, Durliam, N. C. Mutual Life Bldg., Richmond. Va. 1st Nat'l Bank Bldg., Richmond, Va. 912 Eye Street, Northwest WASHINGTON, D. C. Identified with the City's Growth. The Carroll Electric Company Established 1900 Jobbers of Electrical SuppHes 8c Machinery Construction Work of the Better Kind 514 12th Street Phone Main 7320-7321 TEST OUR SERVICE Telephone, Lincoln 2660 J. Carey King MILLWORK 37 New York Avenue N. E. Washington, D. C. J.B.KendallCa IRON, STEEL, COACH GOODS, HEAVY HARDWARE 485-7 Missouri Avenue I WASHINGTON, D. C. Parker-Brawner Co. Litho^rapKers and PxiblisKers Calendars and Show Cards We travel ten men South' of the Mason and Dixon line. WASHINGTON, D. C. Established 1870 B. B. Earnshaw & Bro. Wholesale Groceries Bakers' Supplies, Flour and Feed OFFICES AND SHIPPING: WAREHOUSES: 1103 to 1109 Eleventh Street, S. E. 1000 and 1002 M Street, S. E. 1201 Twelfth Street, S. E. WASHINGTON, D, C, A STRICTLY WASHINGTON INDUSTRY The Plant of the HOME ICE COMPANY 12th and V Streets, N. W. Ice-making capacity, 100 tons daily. Ice Cream making capacity, 1,000 gallons of "PERFECT" Ice Cream daily. The ice is sold only at the plant, to dealers and consumers. Wholesale and Retail. The Ice Cream is sold by the HOME ICE CREAM CO., and delivered everywhere. 104 R. P. ANDREWS Paper Company WHOLESALE AND RETAIL ^aper anti ^tationerp Our Motto: "If it's made of Paper, we have it." Our Stores: The Big Store, - - 727-29-31 Thirteenth Street N. W. 1331 F Street N. W. 629 Louisiana Avenue N. W. WASHINGTON, D. C. JUvST OUT The New Red Book, Giving a List of Government Positions NOT Under Civil Service, and Salaries. Sent Postpaid on Receipt of Price, $1.00 R. P. ANDREWS PAPER COMPANY Distributors WASHINGTON, D. C. 105 Our Record of 40 Years is based on the quality of our Goods and Service. GIVE US THAT ORDER! R P. MAY HARDWARE CO. WASHINGTON, D. C. Cutlery Tools Ammunition Roofing Fire Arms Cordage Sporting Goods Beaver Board The Quality Shop 508 9th Street N. W. WASHINGTON, D. C. ■ II Henry T.Offterdinger Manufacturer DEER HEAD LA ANITA OFTY AFTER DINNER CIGARS 106 National Electrical Supply Co* Established 1880 Jobbers of Electrical Supplies Operating in Maryland North Carolina Virginia South Carolina Georgia Special Facilities and Technical Consultation for INDUSTRIAL PLANTS at your command 1330 Nkw^ York Avenue AVASHINGTON, D. C. EpWARp B./^ARTI Pais (^^ei^g a(S U(S)ioo') ^ ^ ^ - - - » - - ^QRI^OUTOI^L t>EPal^T^E[S)T' "'- U. J". GEOUtC? OXGALL v_rt)I^BY ExPE]^I^E^*'Ta.II St^TIOJSJ anrl^^ - ^ J'TftTE VSj^YY^yi^lO^J ' HaixFTOe?^^ - UISE eT3(i\r 'THREE'GC>IiOR;PRPGE>X'PIX^JEr^ \ 'ELlEc/ti^j^tvi^e/" r^i 107 1723 Twenty-first Street, Northwest A Select Classical and Mathematical Preparatory School for Young Men and Boys Certificate privilege granted by 33 Colleges and Universities Special Department for Boys whose ages range from 7 to 12 years Athletics and Physical Culture Catalogue upon request. PAUL N. PECK, A. M., Principal. Washington Collegiate Summer School Located at Mountain Lake Park, Maryland Limited Number Ten Weeks' Course Excellent combination of study and recreation Thorough work, wholesome pleasure Boating, swimming, fishing, bowling, cross-country trips For information and booking, address PAUL N. PECK, A. M., Principal, 1723 Twenty-first Street, N. W.. WASHINGTON, D. C. 108 n A Home and Day School for Girls Offers Four-Year Pre paratory and Col- legiate Courses Year-Book on Request MRS. MARY BURKE SOMERVELL, Principal Girard and Thirteenth Streets N. W. WASHINGTON, D. C. Jfairmont^Emmarj' WASHINGTON, D. C. A HOME SCHOOL FOR GIRLS Regular and Special Courses. Music, Art, Expression. Travel Class. Outdoor Sports— Golf, Tennis, Horseback Riding, and Cross-Country Tramping Literature on request 109 ifamtllon ^ri|Ool For Girls and Young Ladies Overlooking McPherson Sq. 823-25 Fifteenth St. N. W. Washington, D. C. Write for Catalogue to Mrs. Phoebe Hamilton Seabrook Madison Hall School for Young Women and Girls College and Elective courses. Music, Art. Expression, Modern Laneuages, Domestic. Science. Educational ad- vantages of Washington. For illustrated year-book, address, Prof, and Mrs. Geo. F. Winston, Principals. 3100 R Street, N. W., Washing-ton, D. C. §>atttt Agn^a* ^rljnnl 3017 O Street WASHINGTON, D. C. A BOARDING SCHOOL FOR GIRLS Under the Care of The Sisters of The Epiphany (Episcopal Church) Terms, $400 to $500 Telephone, West 1456 For Catalogue Address THE SISTER SUPERIOR no 5^attonal OIatt|pJiral i^rljnnl for O^irla JVIOUNT ST. ALBAN WASHINGTON. D. C. Situated in the Cathedral Close of 45 acres. Building of fire- proof construction. Accommodation for 100 boarding and 50 day pupils. Certificate admits to College. Music, Art and Special Courses. The Bishop of Washington, President of the Board of Trustees. MRS. BARBOUR WALKER, M. A., (Columbia University) Principal National Cathedral School for Boys, Mount Saint Aiban WASHINGTON, D. C. ''The School of Personal Interest," Boarding and day departments, Prepares for any college or university. Splendid new athletic field, Careful physical and athletic instruction. Bishop of Washington, President Board of Trustees. For catalogue address, E. L. GREGG, Headmaster 111 Masbington Seminary The Smallwcod-Wilbur School 2103-9 S Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. TWENTIETH YEAR A high-grade School for Girls. Planned for those who desire the best advantages for their daughters, who wish for and will appreciate a beautiful and cultured home, refined associations, thorough instruc- tion, and the upbuilding of character. COURSES.— For both Day and Boarding Pupils a regularly graded Academic and College Preparatory Course is offered. For Special and Postgraduate Students an exceptionally fine Culture Class is planned, including advanced English, Civics, Ethics, Music, Art, Languages, Current Events, Foreign Travel, and Parliamentary Law. ADVANTAGES.— The educational opportunities afforded by the National Capital. A Faculty of able teachers and eminent specialists. Domestic Training in Household Economics, Child Study, Hygiene. Social Training in correct forms and usage; assistance at school functions; the enjoyment of suitable social opportunities; and the best in Music, Art, and the Drama. A home life with beautiful surroundings, and daily inspiration for the highest ideals in scholarship, culture, and womanhood. Individual interest in each pupil and the personal instruction and attention of the principals. DELLA GRAEME SMALLWOOD. HANNAH KNAPP WILBUR. Immaculata Seminary MOUNT MARIAN Wisconsin Avenue, _ - - . WASHINGTON, D. C. A resident and day school for girls; situated on the heights of one of Washington's most beautiful suburbs. SPECIAL ADVANTAGES— Delightful home life; refined associa- tion; individual attention to character training. Suburban quiet combined with proximity to the Nation's Capital. Abundant outdoor exercise — tennis, archery, etc. Systematic sightseeing. SUPERIOR SCHOLARSHIP. HIGH MUSICAL AND ARTISTIC STANDARD COURSES — Classical, Literary, and Special Two-Year Course for High School graduates. MUSIC — Conservatory methods in Vocal. Piano, Violin, etc. ART — The Oil, Water Color and Ceramic Studios are among the specialties of the Seminary. The Studios are open to visitors at all times. FRENCH — Students are taught to converse in French. For Year Book and information, address SISTER SECRETARY 112 GeorgetOAvn University SCHOOL OF LAW Established 1870 An Approved Law School Under the Regents' Revised Rules, New York State Department of Education Has a Faculty Composed of Leading Members of the Bench and Bar Three-year course leading to the Degree of LL. B. One-year Postgraduate Course leading to the Degree of LL. M., open to graduates of approved law schools and to members of the bar. One-year course leading to the Degree of Master of Patent Law, open to Third- Year and Postgraduate students without extra charge. For further information, address HUGH J. FEGAN. Secretary Georgetown Law School Bldg., - - WASHINGTON, D. C. Georgetown University SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. (Day Classes Only.) Sixty-third Session will begin September 27, 1913. Entrance requirements: A four-year high school education and two years of collegiate work or its equivalent, including chemistry, physics, biology and a modern lan^-uage, either French or German. The first two years in medicine will be spent in laboratory work and in the fundamental sciences. The junior and senior students will receive their training at the University Hospital and Dispensary, now enlarged to a capacity of over 200 beds, and also in other local hospitals. THREE-YEAR DENTAL COUIRSE. (Day and Evening Classes.) This department offers unexcelled facilities for a scientific and practical train- ing in Dental Surgery. In the laboratories and infirmary the student not only wit- nesses every kind of dental manipulation as practiced by the experienced operator, but is himself taught to accomplish all that pertains to the daily duties of a dental surgeon by actual practice. Entrance requirements : A four-year high school course or its equivalent. For detailed information, address the Registrar, 920 H Street, Northwest. 113 aaI|ington (Knllpgp of IGam WASHINGTON, D. C. Established 1896. Only Law School south of Philadelphia admitting both Women and Men as students. Faculty consists of twenty-eight Lecturers, Professors, and Tutors, of whom three are members of the Judiciary, and all mem- bers of the Bar in practice. Three years' course leading to degree of LL. B. and preparing for Bar examination. Tuition, $60.00 a year. Practical Postgraduate Course ci one year open to members of the Bar in good standing and students holding the degree of LL. B. from institutions of approved standing. Tuition, $50.00. Special course of one year in Patent and Trade-Mark Law and practice before the U. S. PATENT OFFICE. This is the only College that offers a course which specializes in U. S. Patent Office practice which comprises the principal patent business of the country. Tuition, $30.00 per annum. Evening sessions exclusively for the convenience of students employed in the day time. Classes limited in size, so that each student receives personal attention. For further information and catalogues, address the Dean — Mrs. ELLEN SPENCER MUSSEY 1317 New York Avenue N. W., - - WASHINGTON, D. C. ^WASHINGTON, D. C. =^ FOUNDED 1867 SCHOLARLY TEACHERS— HIGH STANDARDS— FINE STUDENT BODY— BEAUTIFUL CAMPUS SCHOOL OF THEOLOGY— LAW— MEDICINE— DENTISTRY PHARMACY POSTGRADUATE POLYCLINIC FOR MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY COLLEGE OF ART AND SCIENCES — TEACHERS' COL- LEGE—COMMERCIAL COLLEGE— ACADEMY CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC— ENGINEERING COURSES- PRACTICAL ARTS— LIBRARY Co-educational — Non-denominational — No distinctions of Race, Color or Creed. ADDRESS ALL INQUIRIES TO President s. M. NEWMAN (llall|oItc Mni6crsitg oi Aittertca Plaslitm^tmi, ^. (U. Sclu)oIs of Engineering and Technology Oft'erin^lj Courses in Civil Engineering Electrical Engineering Mechanical Engineering Chemical Engineering Architecture School of Letters School of Law School of Philosophy TERMS MODERATE FALL TERM BEGINS SEPTEMBER 30Tn Write for Catalogue to Registrar RT. REV. THOMAS J. SHAHAN, Rector fIDancbester IKall A SELECT SCHOOL FOR CHILDREN. 2029 HILLYER PLACE One block west of Connecticut Avenue, above Dupont Circle. MISS MARY MARSHAM LEWIN, Principal. MISS MARY P. REID. Secretary. MANCHESTER HALL — a boarding and day school — is for girls from FIVE to sixteen YEARS OF AGE. In the day school small boys will be received in the Kindergarten and Primary Departments. Pupils are admitted at any time. If desired, a yearly term may be arranged, includ- ing the summer months on a beautiful farm in Connecticut. The course of study embraces: Kindergarten. Primary, Intermediate, and Grammar school subjects. Conversation in German and French daily. Music, drawing, physical culture and dancing are taught in the school by thoroughly competent teachers. Every advantage of a well ordered, refined home is offered. Physician's care, nurse, individual supervision. Nutritious food supplies fresh from the farm. Information c^r Catalogue on request. Miss M. MARSHAM LEWIN, Principal 2029 HILLYER PLACE, 'Phone: North 2890. Washington, D. C 115 ^alg OIr000 ^tuhtm^ Most beautiful section of Washington. A select school for boarders and day pupils conducted by the Sisters of the Holy Cross. Absolutely fireproof build- ing with every modern improvement and convience. Every provision is made for the health and physical care of the pupils. The Educational work is based on the conviction that intel- lectual, moral and religious training must be combined in the development of character. In addition to the Primary Prepara- tory and Academic Departments, spe- cial courses are given in English Lit- erature, History, the Modern Lan- guages, Music and Art. Special vocal advantages are offered the advanced pupils, and all of the advantages which make Washington the Educational center of the country are offered the pupils. For catalog and further par- ticulars, address the Mother Superior, Holy Cross Academy, Dumbarton, Washington, D. C. Do You Paint or Draw? No matter what your needs may be in the way of — - ARTISTS' M\TERIAL, ARCHI- TECTS' & ENGINEERS' SUP- PLIES. We can supply them here. Best grades, largest variety and lowest prices. Requisites for Drawing, Painting, and Decorating. Supplies for DRAFTSMEN AND CIVIL ENGINEERS. PICTURE FRAMING to your taste. FRED E. SCHMIDT. New address: 719-721, 13th St. N. W. Special Sale of STUDIES and PICTURES for framing. TRINITY COLLEGE WASHINGTON, D. C. Has for its purpose the higher education of women under the auspices of the Catholic Church. The courses of study offered to graduate and undergraduate students are planned according to the best standards of our American educational system. The College is fully empow- ered, under the term of its char- ter granted by the District of Columbia, to confer degrees. It is registered with the University of the State of New York, and affiliated with the Catholic Uni- versity of America at Washing- ton. It is conducted by the Sisters of Notre Dame of Na- mur, one of the oldest teaching orders of the United States. For particulars, address THE SECRETARY OF THE COLLEGE EMERSON INSTITUTE 1740 P Street N. W. WASHINGTON D. C. Prepares for : College Professional Schools Government Academies Civil Service Commissions in the Army Etc. TEN SEPARATE AND COiMPLETE COURSES 63d Year Winslow H. Randolph, Angus McD. Crawford, Prhicipals 116 The Lake School J. W. LAKE, Prin. Stenography - - Typewriting Day and Evening Classes Individual Instruction 417-418 Southern Building Phone M. 7519 for Terms High (irade Courses are Given in Shorthand, Typewriting, Bookkeeping, Accounting, Civil Service and other Business Subjects at Ninth and F Streets, WASHINGTON, D. C. Day and Night All the Year. Mail Courses to those who cannot attend the School. Ask for Free Catalogue. 117 S>6g Underwood Typewriter Has No Rivals in W SPEED ACCURACY ;>-^. It Holds All World's Records in Open Competition. "THE MACHINE YOU WILL EVENTUALLY BUY" UNDERWOOD TYPEWRITER COMPANY, Inc. UNDERWOOD BUILDING NEW YORK Branches in all Principal Cities The Temple School Shorthand and Typewriting English and Spelling We have special drills for the preparation of business office work, and for Government en- trance examinations. Ycu must have a reasonable knowledge cf English and spell- ing before you can enter this School. Most stenographers fail, not because they cannot be taught shorthand and typewrit- ing, but because their English is faulty. The School is in session day and night, summer and winter. 1417 G St., N. W., WASHINGTON, D. C. VISITORS ARE WELCOME Our great book store is one of the city's points of interest. Take time to visit us while you are in Washington. We'll gladly show you all the latest publications and put your name en our mailing list fcr ad- vance notices of the new books. BRENTANO'S F and Twelfth Sts. 118 M. A. LEE5E OPTICAL CO. Makers of Perfect Fitting Eye-Glasses and Spectacles Special Facilities for Making Glasses from Oculists' Prescriptions 614 9th Street, N. W. Photographic Supplies. Washington, D. C. Mon Repos Sanitarium ^lon Repos, a conservative sanitarium at 1417 Rhode Island, N. \V., was opened October 1, 1912, bj^ Miss [Margaret I. Tliompson, R. N., and Miss Alice M. Prentiss, R. N. The sanitarium will be specially appreciated by visitors to Washington who be- come ill and do not wish to go to a hospital. The bedrooms are large, bright and airy. Some with private baths. An attractive living-room is at the disposal of patients, also a delightful roof garden. The diet is made a specialty and consists of the choicest foods, prepared and served in an inviting manner; also we are prepared to carry out special diets as prescribed by physicians. The atmosphere of "Slon Repos is cheerful, restful and homelike. Tlie leading x>bysicians of Washington intrust their patients to this sanitarium, in full confidence that they will receive the best of care and treatment by comi)e- tent trained nurses. We refer by permission : Dr. William Gerry Morgan, The Rochambeau. Dr. William Earl Clark, The Rochambeau. Dr. B. L- Hardin, 1811 Connecticut Avenue. Dr. John Dunlop, 1217 Connecticut Avenue. Dr. G. Llovd Magruder, Stoneleigh Court. Dr. Sotheron Kev 1716 H Street. Dr. William M. F. Sowers, 1706 Rhode Island Avenue. Dr. Z. T. Sowers, 1707 Massachusetts Avenue. Hon. Frank O. Lowden, Illinois. Beach Thompson, Esq., California. Thomas T. Ankatell, Esq., ^Michigan. John H. "Cowles, Esq., Kentucky, 433 Third Street X. W. UNITED STATES COLLEGE OF VETERINARY SURGEONS Washington, D. C. Established in 1894, this College has continuously trained young men as scientific Veterinarians. Tt enjoys the many special edu- catioi^.-l privileges of the Xational Capital, has a modern College Imilding. surgical ampliitiieatre. newly equipped laboratories and large clinics. For Detailed Ixformatiox. Address "The Deax." 119 Vacuum Pumps Water Pumps ilir Pumps Compressors The behaviour of our pump under hard service has been eminently satisfactory. The wear which is not automatically compensated for is taken up by adjusting rod in end of shaft, and pump never need be taken apart for adjustment. The pump is valveless. rotates in either direction and has proved its worth. Tliese pumps are made in all sizes. May-Nelson Rotary Pump, Washington, D. C. For Purity and Wholesomeness Insist on "^>6e VELVET "■ "" ICE CREAM It is Made irk tKe Most Scientific ar^d Sanitar^^ Ice Cream Plant in tKe 'World. Chapin- Sacks Manufacturing Co, 1st and M Streets N. R. 120 Carpets Cleaned Mattresses Renovated Stumpli&Lyford Inc. Furniture, Brass and Iron Beds Manufacturers of Bedding and Upholstered Furniture 631-639 Mass. Ave., N. W. WASHINGTON, - - D. C. Phone, Main 3951 W,B.Moses&Sons House Furnishers Furniture for every room — Rugs, Carpets, Lace Cur- tains, Portiers, Wall Papers, Decorations, Cut Glass, Sil- ver Plate, Kitchen Ware, Re- frigerators, Baby Carriages. F and 11th Streets WASHINGTON, D. C. 1000 ROOMS I N DESTRUCTI BLE Fidelity Storage Company 1420 U Street, N. W. When you have household goods moved or stored you want the best possible service at the lowest possible cost. Four and one- half acres of storage, 1,000 indestructible rooms, vaults for house- hold silver, moth-proof rooms, electric carpet cleaning. Our trained men pack goods for shipment to any part of the world. Only warehouse in the world maintained clear of rats, moth and vermin. A word will bring a representative. 121 Apple h£ Egg Cold Storage In WASHINGTON, D. C. THE WASHINGTON MARKET CO.'S New Fireproof Cold Storage Warehouse Between 11th and 12th and E and F Sts., S. W. At Freight Yards of Pennsylvania, Southern and Other Railroads, and Close to the River Front, with its Fish Wharves. Capacity, 1,000,000 Cubic Feet Lowest Insurance Rates in U. S. Egg rooms cooled by indirect refrigeration, with constant circulation of cold, dry air at a uniform temperature. Apple storage facilities ample and unexcelled. For Storage Rates and other Information Apply to THE WASHINGTON MARKET CO., Washington,D.C. ESTARLISHEI) iHfKi 'Kotograpliic For a»y Purpose | ^^^ SIZE Of any Object J Training, Experience and Judgment with the Best Apparatus enable us to Guarantee the Finest Possible Results Po'rcltdl^ LEET BROTHERS Supplies 14tH (St N. Y. Ave. G. G. CORNWELL & SON, Inc. WASHINGTON'S most complete and up-to-date GROCERY ESTABLISHMENT Table Luxuries— Wines— Liquors — Cigars Wholesale i a i r- tt o^ j. Retail 1415 H Street ^■'^ib'''- Riggs Market Co. se?.Ss;. P STREET. BETWEEN FOURTEENTH AND FIFTEENTH STS. The Rigg's Market Company begs to announce to the general public its 36th anniversary of successful business. For 26 years it has been under the present management and a good many of its original dealers still main- tain stands in the market. It is known throughout the United States and Foreign Countries, due to the fact that it has and still continues to enjoy the patronage of representatives of Foreign Countries, as well as many of our own statesmen. It is one of the leading markets of this city, simply because its prices are consistent with the quality of goods sold therein. M. C. MITCHELL. Pres. andTreas. C. G. DAVIS. Secretary The M. C. Mitchell Co., Inc. Wholesale TIN PLATE and Metals Manufacturers and Jobbers of Metal Roofinji Supplies. 3237-39 K Street N W. Washington, d. c. 'We Pay the Parcel Post" The Best SKoes In WasKington Are Shown at Popular Prices and in Immense Variety at WM. HAHN & CO/S rCor. 7th and K Sts. Three Reliable Shoe Houses } 1914-1916 Pa. Ave. I 233 Pa. Ave., S. E. F. J. Heiberg'er & Son (Inc.) ARMY AND NAVY MERCHANT TAILORS Caps, Ecftiipmemts, Uniforms 1419 F STREET, WASHINGTON, D. C. National Eledrical Supply Company special Service for Indu^rial Plants See Page 107. njiyrilTA SECURED OR FEE WH I CH I O RETURNED. Send sketch for free search of Patent Oiifice Records, HOW TO OBTAIN A PAT- KXT and WHAT TO INVENT, with List of Inventions Wanted and Prizes offered for invention — sent free. PATENTS AD- VERTISED. WANTED— NEW IDEAS. Send for our list of Patent Buyers. FREE VICTOR J. EVANS & CO. Washington. D. C. 124 FAMILY SHOE STORE SHOES AND HOSIERY JOS. STRASBURGER CO 310-312 Seventh Street N. W., WASHINGTON, D. C. WASHINGTON, D. C. TJic Leading Men's and Boys' Outfitters of the National Capital. At your serviee ill person or hy mail. Washington's Leading Jewelry Store for more than a generation Diamond Importers Manufacturing Jewellers Silversmiths, Clocks Watches, Cut Glass, Etc. ft. HAKRIS & CO. 7TH AND D Streets, n. W. XTbe Hmerican Hubit Compan^^ F. W. LaFrentz, C. P. A. (N. Y.) President Theo. Cocheu, Jr., C.P.A. (N.Y.) Vice-Pres. and Sec'y A. F. LaFrentz Treasurer Home Office, 100 Broadway, N. Y. BRANCHES: Atlanta New Orleans Baltimore Philadelphia Boston Richmond Chicago San Francisco Milwaukee London, E. C. Colorado Building, WASHINGTON, D. C. Otto Luebkert, Resident Vice-President. Tel., Main 2705. 125 Parker, Bridget & Co. The Nationally K^nown Store for Men and Little Men The Avenue at Ninth WASHINGTON, D. C. Thk ^VoME^^H Stork The Store tKat is Different The Women's Store appeals to all the women. It shows styles that are in advance of the season. It quotes prices that are always lo\vest. All the details in Women's and Misses' Garments carefully considered. THESE ARE THE REASONS WE HAVE WON POPULAR FAVOR FloAvers for All Occasions — Gude's choice home-grown flowers last longest because they are practi cally fresh cut when ordered. Artistic floral decorations and floral tokens that are both expressive and inexpensive. Prize Winning AMERICAN BEAUTIES Gude Bros. Co, 1214 F Street Phones Main {Jg§ 127 WASHINGTON, D. C. HOTEL DRISCOLL Facing thi: U. S. Capitol and Grounds HOTEL DRISCOLL— First and B Sts. N. W. A High-Class Hotel Faces U. S. Capitol Near Union Station . Baths Gratis Long Distance Telephone Music Write for Booklet and Map Amidst Show Places Electric Lights and Elevator American Plan from $2.50 European Plan from $1.00 Private Garage F. P. ORBELLO, Manager. WASHINGTON (D. C.) SANITARIUM An attractive health resort, seven miles from the capitol. Diseases treated : digestive disorders, rheumatic and gouty conditions, nervous and circulatory disturbances. The methods employed are the most modern and approved. The appliances are up to date. Baths, electricity, and diet are largely depended upon. In the surgical line v^^e are well prepared, having a good operating-room and equipment. Competent physicians and nurses are employed to care for cases. Send for Prospectus to the WASHINGTON (D. C.) SANITARIUM 'Phone Takoma 127. Takoma Park. WASHINGTON, D. C. The Hamilton 14th and K Streets N.W. WASHINGTON, D. C. A select Family and Transient Hotel where you can feel at home. Choice location opposite Franklin Park. Convenient to all public buildings and points of interest. Thoroughly comfortable. Good table. American plan. Rates, $2.50 per day and up. For further particulars, Booklet, etc., address IRVING O. BALL. Proprietor 128 H Street, Northwest, at Fifteenth WASHINGTON European Plan Fireproof Beautifully located in the center of the finest part of the city, one block from the Treasury and White House grounds. Convenient to all points of interest Cuisine and Service Unsurpassed ROBERT S. DOWNS, Manager The Dewey Hotel It is located in the most fashionable part of the city, but five minutes' walk to the White House, U. S. Treasury, State, War and Navy Building and the shopping district. THE DEWEY HOTEL is a modern structure. Entire house heated by steam. Electric elevator. Bedrooms are large and well furnished. WHY NOT stop at a modern high-grade Hotel, where it costs no more? WHY NOT be out of the dirt, smoke and noise, if you reach centre of busi- ness, shopping department and amusement district in five minutes by car from our Hotel. WHY NOT stop where the environments are refined, dignified and enjoyable, and where ladies, as well as gentlemen, feel at home? FINALLY, why not stop where you receive the best of everything at prices not exorbitant, and where the cuisine and service have an established reputation for excellence? i There are 140 rooms, with 52 private bathrooms. American plan. Rates $3.50 per day and up; $17.50 per week and up. Personal inquiry and an inspection of the Hotel is cordially invited. Fourteenth & L Streets, N. W. W. W. BROWN, Proprietor GEO. R. MILLS, Manager The Florida Inn 726 17th St. N. W. Phone Main 5800 Centrally Located Being But Two Blocks From THE WHITE HOUSE THE CORCORAN ART GALLERY THE D. A. R. BUILDING AND THE BELASCO THEATRE Conviently accessible from the Shop- ping District and Union Railway Sta- tion makes it a desirable place to breakfast, lunch or dine. Quick service, excellent food care- fully prepared at reasonable prices. Its peculiar home-like arrangement makes it very popular with ladies visiting the city alone. Tasty picnic luncheons prepared on short notice. JOHN W. WELCH, Proprietor. 9 and 11 B Street, N. W. WASHINGTON, D. C. Telephone, Lincoln 3231 Conveniently located. Only five minutes' walk from the Washington Union Station, and directly opposite the beautiful Capitol Grounds. Anyone visit- ing Washington will find "The Newell" an attractive home for a long or short stay. "The Newell" is well fur- nished, equipped with all modern conveniences, and conducted in a manner to give its patrons the Utmost comfort at moderate charges. Newly Furnished, Superior Table, Comfortable and Home- like, Excellent Appointments, Cuisine and Service. For Pamphlets and Rates address JOHN W. WELCH "The Newell," 9 B Street. N. W. WASHINGTON, D. C. Telephone, Lincoln 3231 American Plan Rates Moderate FIRST CLASS MODERN HOTEL THE NEW BANCROFT Corner 18th and H Streets N. W. Near White House, War, State, Navy and Treasury Depts. Rooms Single or En Suite, With or Without Private Baths E. C. BENSON WASHINGTON, D. C. The Buckingham Hotel Location is important in choosing your hotel for a stay in Washington. The Buckingham is on the West side of McPherson Park, two blocks from the Executive Mansion, the Treasury and the State, War and Navy Buildings. Desirable rooms in reserve for transits. Ladies traveling alone can find no more thoroughly agreeable stopping place. American Plan— $2.50, $3.00 and $4.00 a day. A. L. BLISS— Owner and Proprietor 130 WINSTON HOTBL First Street and Penn. Ave. N. AV. Washington, D. C, wvB^^^^^^^*?^ Capitol Park at the west entrance; Within two minutes' walk from the Botanical Gardens; ^ive minutes by direct car line from Union Station via Fenn. Avenue and 14th Street cars. ^^Kr^^K^.u"^^.' ^^ ^^^*^?' ^^^ ^ith shower attachment; two public baths in each hall for the free use of guests oc- cupying rooms without bath. American Plan $3.00 and up. Eiiropean Plan $1.00 and tip. HOWARD J. SPATES, Manager. Formerly with Haddon Hall, Atlantic City, N. J., for twelve years. Our Motto: "Fair and Liberal Treatment." Secarity Savings and Commercial Bank N. E. Cor. Ninth and G Streets You will eventually ride with us. Why Not Now. OFFICERS JULIUS I. PEYSER GEO. R. LINKINS FRED McKEE . JOHN H. BALTZ WILLIAM R. BAUM CHAS. W. DARR . . President Vice-President Vice-President • . Cashier Asst. Cashier Gen. Counsel DIRECTORS John H. Carter Charles W. Darr Louis A. Dent D. A, Edwards J. T. Hendrick George H. Judd Julius I. Peyser A. D. Prince George R. Linkins C. J. Langmead Wm. H. Linkins Fred McKee T. A. McKee THE Gray Line Columbia Sight -Seeingi Company, Inc. F»iioxE, Main 600 Sixth Street and Penn. Avenue N. W "GOOD SERVICE" OUR MOTTO. TOURING WASHINGTON, ARL- INGTON & FORT MYER. NEW UP-TO-DATE EQUIPMENT. SPECIAL RATES FOR PARTIES. WRITE FOR DESCRIPTIVE CIR- CULARS. 131 Hotel Fritz Reuter HENRY ACHTERKIRCHEN, Proprietor. WASHINGTON, D.C. EUROPEAN HENRY ACHTERKIRCHEN PROPRIETOR WASHINGTON'S ONLY GERMAN HOSTELRY All Outside Rooms Banquet Hall Steam Heat and Electric Light Private Dining Rooms Running Hct and Cold Water Rathskeller Telephone and Private Bath and Bar 4V2 Street and Pennsylvania Avenue, WASHINGTON, D. C. THE" SEA FOOD HOUSE BUECHER & PFAFF, PROPRIETORS HOTEL ENGLE N. J. Ave. ^ C N. W. EUROPEAN AND AMERICAN PLAN ACCOMMODATIONS FOR TRANSIENT AND PERMANENT ROOMERS 132 Phone Main 1950 Steam Heat and Bell Service THe Ardmore 13tK St., Betweei\ Pa. Ave. aixi F St. N. W. ViTASHINGTON, D. C. Located in Heart of City — Convenient to all Points of Interest. European Plan $1.00 per day American Plan $2.00 per day Special Rates by the WeeK Take Mt. Pleasant car from Union Station to 13th and F Streets N. W. F. C. JACKSON. Prop. Hotel Logan Iowa Circle Cor. 13th St., N. W. Moderate Charges. An exceptionally located and thoroughly equipped Hotel, appeal- ing especially to the refined of taste. It enjoys the quiet and beauty of Iowa Circle, N. W., one of the prettiest parks in Washington. It is within a two-minute walk of both 14th and 11th Streets at Rhode Island Avenue, where car lines lead quickly and directly to the Railroad Station and all points of interest. Its rooms are large, light and elegantly furnished. Its sanitation is new and up-to-date. Its cuisine is the painstaking result of years of ex- perience in the service of culti- vated people. Here may be found the privacy of a home joined with the best advantages of hotel life. WILLIAM CATTO, Prop. WASHINGTON, D. C. The Hotel Sterling Thirteenth Street. Pennsylvania Avenue and E Street, N. W. In the heart of the business center of the city, commanding an excellent view of Pennsylvania Avenue for two blocks and near all the Theatres. The hotel is newly renovated and re- furnished throughout ; up to date in every respect, each room containing steam heat, hot and cold running water and telephone. The rates are most moderate, ranging in price from $1.50 per day upwards, with private bath $2.00 per day and upwards. HENRY LATTERNER, MANAGER. 133 732 15th Street, N. W. 1307 F Street, N. W. 822 Coi\i\ectic\it Ave. WASHINGTON, D. C. Te^ Ctsp Iufi Business L^ncl^i, Inc. Open from 8 A. H. to 8 P. M. FOR BreaKfast L'tincHeon and Dinner Sandwiches and Luncheons Put up to Order Meals a la Carte at all Hours Special Neon Lunch 12 to 2 The Wilson Cafe 611 Twelfth Street, N. W. HUGH W. FRED, Proprietor Club Breakfast 6.30 to 10.30. Sunday 7 to 12 Table d'Hote Dinner 4 t ■ 8, Sunday 12 to 8 yiiu^iraiions in ihispMoUcaiton were enaraved b ejiiaunce^oy^ce Engraving (Pompany THE LINCOLIV HOTEL lOTH AND H STREK-rS N. >V. All outside rooms ; most rooms have running hot and cold water, and large rooms have private bath in room. We pay particular attention to our table service. American Plan, $2 to $2.50 Per Day European Plan, $1 to $2 Per Day Very quiet location, but within one square of the heart of the busi- ness section. Take taxicab at our expense; have driver collect at hotel office. C. S. HYATT Phone Main 3465-3466 ^■1 W^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^1 ^^^^Rn F^^ fV^^H ^^^^^^^^^^^M ^^^^^^mM *^6057 * ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H ^■I^MMBB ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H SUDWARTN PRINTING CO. 1 ^^H •RINTEK-PIILISHERS-EN riVE TEN TWELFTI STI WASHIR6T0R HAVERS 1 "• 1 ^ eosa £ 1%. MAIN yi m m ^^1 134 Bquitable %itc ITnsurance Company INDUSTRIAL AND ORDINARY All Forms and Features of Modern Insurance Paid for Insurance December 31, 1912 $5,956,572 J. S. SWORMSTEDT, President. HENRY P. BLAIR, First Vice-President. WILLIAM A. BENNETT, Second Vice-President. ALLEN C. CLARK, Secretary. GILBERT A. CLARK, Actuary. MAURICE D. ROSENBERG, Counsel. Office: Equitable Building 816 14th Street N. W, WASHINGTON, D. C. 135 First National Fire Insurance Company of the United States WASHINGTON, D. C. Assets. Mortgage loans, first liens $143,850 . 00 Cash in Bank and Office 159,740 . 54 Real Estate 345,181.55 Accounts Receivable 6,400.66 Accrued Interest and Rents 13,353.95 Bonds — Market Value State and Municipal $ 95,375 . 00 U. S, Government 101,200.00 Railroad 60,100.00 Industrial 44,175.00 300,850.00 Total $969,376.70 Liabilities. Reserve for Fire Losses $ 162.50 Unearned Premium Reserve 6,909 . 25 Accrued Interest and Taxes 8,102.87 Miscellaneous Liabilities 1,735.21 Capital Stock fully paid up $320,675 . 00 Capital Stock partially paid up 167,612 . 50 Surplus over all liabilities 464,179.37 Surplus as regards Policy holders 952,466 . 87 Total $969,376.70 I hereby certify that I have made an examination of the books and accounts of the First National Fire Insurance Company of the District of Columbia as and of December 31, 1912, and the above statement is a true statement of the condition of the Company as and of that date. S. H. WOLFE, Consulting Actuary. OFFICERS. Hon. ROBERT J. WYNNE, President. Hon. FRED. T. DuBOIS, Vice-President. F. S. DUDLEY, Vice-President. ROBERT R. TUTTLE, 3d Vice-President. S. J. JOHNSON, Secretary. CHARLES F. CARUSI, General Counsel 136 Commercial Fire Insurance Company of the District of Columbia Washington, D* C. Assets. Mortage loans, first liens $217,900. 00 Cash in Bank and Office 70,323 . 46 Real Estate 350,000.00 Accounts Receivable 75,173.55 Accrued Interest and Rents 15,011.84 Bonds — Market Value. Slate and Municipal $100,752.50 Railroad 92,152.50 Industrial 4,437 . 50 197,342.50 Total $925,751.35 Liabilities. Reserve for Fire Losses $ 40 228.91 Unearned Premium Reserve 165,550. 43 Accrued Interest and Taxes 12,957.80 Miscellaneous Liabilities 2,833 . 84 Capital Stock fully paid up $430,790.00 Capital Stock partially up 29,829 . 41 Surplus over all liabilities 243,559 . 96 Surplus as regards policy holders 704,179.37 Total $925,751.35 I hereby certify that I have made an examination of the books and accounts of the Commercial Fire Insurance Company of the District of Columbia as and of December 31, 1912, and the above statement is a true statement of the condition of the Company as and of that date. S. H. WOLFE, Consulting Actuary. OFFICERS. ROBERT R. TUTTLE, President Hon. ASHLEY M. GOULD, Vice-President FREDERICK S. DUDLEY, Second Vice-President. PAUL F. GROVE, Secretary. JOHN McKEE, Asst. Secretary. CHARLES F. CARUSI, General Counsel. In picking a Fire Insurance Company to protect your property, pick the Commercial. The Commercial is 22 years old — a strong Company to insure in and a prompt one in the settlement of claims. 137 THE REAL ESTATE TITLE INSURANCE COMPANY THE COLUMBIA TITLE INSURANCE COMPANY N. W. CORNER FIFTH AND E STREETS, N. W. CAPITAL S3o0,000. Trai\sacts all btisiniess relating to tKe ii\- vestigationi arid trarksfer of Titles to Real Estate iix tHe District of Coltxmbia. The People's Mutual Benefit Insurance Co. INSURES ALL MEMBERS OF THE FAMILY HEALTH ACCIDENT DEATH Main Office: PEOPLES LIFE BLDG., 518-20 Sixth St, N. W., WASHINGTON, - D. C. I 138 YOU NEED PROTECTION! The Home Life New Policy will give you the best for the money. See JAMES LEE BOST General Agent HOME LIFE BLDG., 15th and G NVESTMENTS MADE FOR CUSTOMERS ^ g^^ 1 ^-^ ^^l^^^^^li r Travelers' Checks and Letters of Credit available the world over. Exchange on all principal cities. Cable and Telegraphic Transfers. The Riggs National Bank of Washington, D. C. Capital, Surplus, $1,000,000 $2,000,000 S)istnct Bational Bank 1406 G Street N. W. Unexcelled facilities for transacting - banK- ing in all its brancKes. Safe Deposit Department Foreign Exchange Your Account Invited ROBERT N. HARPER. Pres. EDMUND S. WOLFE. Cashier 139 Capital One Million Dollars Surplus One Hundred Thousand Dollars Continental Tru^ Company Ooerated under supervision of the United States Treasury Department WASHINGTON, D. C. Invites the accounts and renders its clients the highest type of punctual and accurate individual, commercial and savings bank service; pays 3 per cent on minimum monthly balances, compounded twice annually. NATHAN B. SCOTT, President. CHAS. W. WARDEN, First Vice-President. WM. T. GALLIHER, Vice-President. BATES WARREN, Vice-President. CHARLES A. DOUGLAS, Counsel. FRANK S. BRIGHT, Trust Officer and Secretary. Union Savings Bank 710 14th Street N. W. Established 1891 COMMERCIAL ACCOUNTS Three Per Cent. Interest on Savings Accounts. Regular Hours: 9 A. M. to 3 P. M. THE BANK MAKES MONEY ON DEPOSITS— WHY NOT GET YOUR SHARE OF THE PROFITS ? OFFICERS: E. SOUTHARD PARKER, President S W. WOODWARD, Vice-President M. A. WINTER, Vice-President and Chairman Executive Committee. C. L. BOWMAN, Cashier W. REGINALD LEWIS, Ass't Cashier DIRECTORS: R. L. Montague B. W. Parker E. Southland Parker H. B. Denham Victor J. Evans Max Fischer James Lansburgh Wilton J. Lambert A. E. L. Leckie A. D. Loffler Frank P. Milburn Tos. E. Ralph A. E. Randle M. A. Winter S. W. Woodward The Safest Investments Are those that do not fluctu- ate during disturbed condi- tions of the money or stock market. First deeds of trust notes (first mortgages), well secured on real estate in the District of Columbia, consti- tute "gilt-edge" investments. They do not depend upon the financial responsibility of indi- viduals or corporations for their stability, and are exempt from taxation as personal property. We can supply such investments in amounts from $500 upward. Send for Book- let, "Concerning Loans and Investments." SWARTZELL, RHEEM & HENSEY CO. 727 Fifteenth Street, N. W. A. G. PLAiVT AND CO. BANKKRS & BROKERS A\ ASHINOTOX, 1). C. Dealers in Railroad and other Investment Bonds. We Buy, Sell and Quote All Marketable Securities. Marginal Accounts Accepted. Interest Allowed on Deposits. Inquiry Solicited Relative to our $100 Bonds. EVANS ARCADE 111.- ( >'. >V. 140 The Oldest Savings Institution in the District of Columbia. National ^amngs nnh ©rust dnmpany WASHINGTON, D. C. CAPITAL, ----- $1,000,000 UNDIVIDED PROFITS OVER - 1,000,000 Incorporated by Special Act of Congress, January 22, 1867 Reorganized under Act of Congress, October 1, 1890. OFFICERS WILLIAM D. HOOVER, President. WOODBURY BLAIR, 1st Vice-President. FRANK W. STONE, 2d Vice-President. GEORGE HOWARD, Treasurer. CHARLES E. NYHAN, Secretary. CHARLES C. LAMBORN, Assistant Treasurer. FRANK STETSON, Assistant Trust Officer. DIRECTORS. Woodbury Blair George W. Gray Samuel Maddox S. Thomas Brown William D. Hoover William F. Quicksall James A. Buchanan Reginald S. Huidekoper Frank W. Stone William A. H. Church Thomas R. Jones William H. Walker Walter C. Clephane O. H. P. Johnson John L. Weaver William V. Cox Victor Kauffmann Henry K. Willard Wm. E. Edmonston Edward McLean The Riggs Building 15th and G Sts., Northwest '*The Finest Office Building in Washington." This splendid new office structure located in the heart of Washington's financial district should commend itself to those w^ho desire office rooms of the most modern type. For Offices Apply, National Savings and Trust Company 15th and N. Y. Ave. 141 Washington and Southern Bank 1413 G Street N. W. Under U. S. Government Supervision WE INVITE BUSINESS AND PERSONAL ACCOUNTS Branch Office: No. 1 Wholesale Row, Center Market Investments a special feature 2^/^% on checking accounts Foreign Exchange Z% on savings accounts Certificates of Deposit issued for Time Money payable to either or survivor J. SELWIN TAIT, President. Special Ladies' Department Interest Paid on Checking Accounts American Security & Trust Co* Fifteenth Street and Pennsylvania Avenue Northwest Careful and Courteous Attention given to all matters pertaining to Investments and Banking. CHARLES J. BELL, President The Commercial National Bank WASHINGTON, D. C THE BANK OF PERSONAL SERVICE. CAPITAL STOCK, $750,000; SURPLUS AND UNDIVIDED PROFITS, $500,000; DEPOSITS OVER $5,000,000. OFFICERS ASHTON G. CLAPHAM, President. ELDRIDGE E. JORDAN, V.-Pres. TUCKER K. SANDS, V.-Pres., and Cashier. ARTHUR LEE, V.-Pres. F. E. GHISELLI, Assistant Cashier. JAMES A. CAHILL, V.-Pres. HERBERT V. HUNT, Assistant Cashier. The Mercantile Co-operative Bank lOth and Grant Place N. W. WASHINGTON, D. C. An industrial loan and savings institution organized to provide low rate moderate loans and discounts to select salaried risks not enjoyed the usual hank connections. Capitsil and Surplus ... - $130,000.00 J. D. LEONARD, President. ORGANIZED 1903 The American National Banl( of Wasliington Capital and Undivided Profits - - - $859,402 Resources Over $4,331,171 W. T. GALLIHER, President C. H. LIVINGSTONE, First Vice-President DAVIS ELKINS, Second Vice-President WILLIAM SELBY, Cashier Assistant Cashiers A. C. WEST, E. T. LOVE. J. W. WILLIAMS "The Bank of Mutual Advantage" Conservative Real E^ate Investments IN THE Nation's Capital Send for Booklet SHANNON&LUCHS Washington, D. C. THOMAS W. SMITH iCumbpr iMgrrl?anl Sash, Doors, Blinds, Glass and Mill Work Office, 1st St. and Indiana Ave. N. W. - Mill, 1st and O Streets S. E. Wharf, Eastern Branch 143 Washington, D. C. Massachusetts Avenue Heights "THE BEST BUY IN WASHINGTON" An Addition to the Sheridan Circle Development but at Suburban Prices We have had prepared an illustrated booklet "Story of the Heights." which has been pronounced by experts the finest thing of its kind ever gotten out in Washington. Let us send you a copy. THOMAS J. FISHER & CO., Inc. General Sales Agents American Security & Trust Co. Amos H. Plumb, T.ustees 738 15th St. N. W. 144 \' I .//?V' -^^ '^' A ■? 'o . * " a'V Jr^;, "°- >.°-^* w^ %cS^ •n.^0^