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 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS 
 
 IN 
 
 AMERICAN fflSTORY, 
 
 With Introdactery Lists In 
 
 English Constitutional History. 
 
 SPARKS. 
 
'• Knowledge is of Two Kinds. We Know a Subject Ourselves or We Know ^vhere 
 We can Find Information upon It." — dr. johnson. 
 
 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS 
 
 AMERICAN HISTORY, 
 
 with introductory lists in 
 
 ENGLISH CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY 
 
 EDWIN ERLE SPARKS, M.A. 
 
 ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF AMERICAN HISTORY, THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO. 
 
 SECOND HDITION. 
 
 COlvUMBUS, O. 
 
 A. H. SMYTHE, 
 1900. 
 
E 
 
 d 
 
 
 
 Copyright, 1893, 
 By EDWIN ERLE SPARKS, 
 
 American Hietorical P6t^te# 
 
 ^olumbus.<9t)io. 
 
INTRODUCTION. 
 
 With the increased study of later History in higher educa- 
 tional fields during the past few years, and its examination along 
 the practical lines of law, civics and economics, has come a natural 
 demand for improved methods of historical study. Compliance 
 with this demand has resulted largely in placing the student in the 
 way of investigating for himself the original matter, a reproduction 
 or description of which he formerly committed, and of so arranging 
 the topics for this investigation, that they shall lead to the discovery 
 of those great principles upon which the superstructure of all social 
 science is erected. "No historical study is of any value which does 
 not take in a knowledge of original authorities." To this end, the 
 learner is brought, after his elementary text-book training in the 
 grammar or secondary school, into the presence of a selected histor- 
 ical library; directions for pursuing his investigations are placed in 
 his hands ; every facility is accorded him for original work, and he 
 must give account to his instructor in a system of reports, culmi- 
 nating, after sufficient practice, in a paper, whose breadth of con- 
 ception, grasp of historical principles and variety of treatment, show 
 evidence of ability to work alone hereafter. The progressive teacher 
 is no longer content with mere text-book recitation, whose useful- 
 ness is bounded by the terms work, but wishes to train an investi- 
 gator, an original worker, having skill in methods of work rather 
 than possessing an accumulation of facts. 
 
 Yet the difficulties in the way of such method frequently 
 lead to its abandonment. In a few institutions the references and 
 exercises are printed by the department of History. Where the 
 finances will not permit this, many teachers set their own lists for 
 classes or individuals, entailing a vast amount of labor and often 
 resulting in confusion of data from copying. The use of set lists, 
 
 5 
 
6 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 made flexible by marking desirable topics, may prove beneficial to 
 both instructor and class. 
 
 Nor is the desire to investigate original sources confined to 
 the class room and seminary. The private student in his library 
 has been increased many fold by the organization of the Chautauqua, 
 University Extension and similar movements, fostering largely the ' 
 study of historical questions. A guide to the intricate paths 
 they are pursuing may lighten the difficulties under which they 
 labor. 
 
 The aim in compiling this little book has been to make it as 
 useful as possible ; choosing to err on the side of a superfluity rather 
 than a paucity of directions ; mindful of the crowded curriculum 
 which, by its limited time, demands a specific reference; not for- 
 getting the embarrassment of the new student in the presence of the 
 multitude of historical works which exist ; suggesting in the Exer- 
 cises the means of developing thought and of preserving the results 
 of the investigations. 
 
 If the lists prove serviceable to students of High Schools, 
 Colleges and Universities as well as to students away from these 
 centers, their purpose will be fulfilled. 
 
ENGLISH CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY. 
 
 The general custom of prefacing a study of American history 
 with an examination of those parts of the unwritten English consti- 
 tution, which by inheritance largely influenced the written docu- 
 ments and gave form to many of the American institutions, has 
 suggested the advisability of a few references upon these vital points. 
 
 BOOKS QUOTED IN ENGLISH CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY. 
 
 Bagehot, Walter. The English Constitution. Boston, 1873. Lit- 
 tle, B. & Co. 
 
 Brodie, George. Constitutional History of the British Empire. 
 (Charles I. to the Restoration). London, 1866. Longmans, G. 
 & Co. 
 
 Creasy, E. S. Rise and progress of the English Constitution. New 
 York, 1869. Appleton. 
 
 Creasy, Sir Edward S. History of England from the Earliest 
 to the Present Time. 5 vols. London, 1869. Jas. Walton. 
 
 Boutmy, Emile. English Constitution, (Eaden trans). London, 
 i8qi. Macmillan. 
 
 Freeman, Edward A. Growth of the English Constitution. Lon- 
 don. Leipzig, 1872. 
 
 Freeman, Edward A. History of the Norman Conquest in England. 
 6 vols. Oxford, 1870. Macmillan. 
 
 Gneist, Rudolph. History of the English Constitution. (Ashworth's 
 trans). 2 vols. New York, 1886. Putnam. 
 
 Green, John Richard. History of the English People. 4 vols. 
 New York, n. d. Harper. 
 
 Guizot, M. History of England (earliest times to Victoria). Lon- 
 don, 1882. Sampson, Low, Searle & Rivington. 
 
 7 
 
8 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 Hallam, Henry. Constitutional History of England. (Henry VH. 
 
 to George HI.) 3 vols. New York, 1872. xMiddleton. 
 Hume, David. History of England. (55 B.C. to 1688). 6 vols. 
 
 Philadelphia, n. d. Porter & Co. 
 May, rhomas Erskine. Constitutional History of England. 1760- 
 
 1860. 2 vols. New York, 1872. W. J. Middleton. 
 May, Thomas Erskine. Democracy in Europe. 2 vols. London, 
 
 1877. Longmans, G. & Co. 
 Smollett, J. History of England, 1639-1760. Oxford, 1827. Wm. 
 
 Pickering. 
 Stubbs, William. Constitutional History of England. (To Henry 
 
 VH.) 3 vols. Oxford, 1891. Macmillan. 
 Stubbs, William. Select Charters and other Illustrations of English 
 
 Constitutional History. Oxford, 1884. 
 Tas'.vell-Langmead, Thomas P. English Constitutional History. 
 
 London, 1875. Stevens & Haynes. (Houghton, M. & Co., 
 
 Boston). 
 Taylor, Hannis. The Origin and Growth of the English Constitu- 
 tion. London, 1889. Sampson, Low, Searle & Rivington. 
 
 (Revised Am. ed., Houghton, M. & Co.) 
 Yonge, Chas. Duke. Constitutional History of England from 1760 
 
 to i860. New York, 1882. Harper. 
 
 ENGLISH CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY REFERENCES. 
 
 1. The Anglo-Saxon Emigration. 
 
 I Stubbs' Const. Hist., chaps, iii-iv. Taylor, 81-169. 
 Freeman's Growth, 1-22. Creasy's Const., 12 20. I Green, 
 Book i, chap. i. I Hume, 12-16. 
 
 2. Anglo-Saxon Institutions. 
 
 I Freemans' Conquest, entire volume ; II, entire volume ; HI, 
 to chap. viii. I Stubbs' Const , chap. v-ix. I Gneist, first 
 period. Stubbs' Charters, 60-78. I Green, chaps, ii, iii, iiv. 
 Creasy's Const., 31-52. Taylor, 170-217. I Creasy's EAg., 
 166-87. Taswell-Langmead, 1-44. May's Dem., 339-43. I 
 Hume, 152-77. I Guizot, 1-98. Freeman's Growth, 23-60, 
 137- 
 
english constitutional history. 9 
 
 3. Political Effects of the Norman Conquest. 
 
 II Freeman's Conq., chap, viii ; III, chap, xii to end 
 of volume. I Stubbs' Const., chap, ix, x. Stubbs' Chart., 
 79-120. I Green, Book ii, chap. i. II Gneist, chaps, viii- 
 xviii. I Guizot, 99. Creasy's Const., 52-62. Taylor, 218- 
 31, 239-64. I Creasy's Eng., 188-225. May's Dein., 345. 
 Taswell-Langmead, 45. I Hume, 190. 
 
 4. The Effects of the Feudal System. 
 
 I Stubbs' Eng. Const., 267, 300, 328, 335. II Freeman's Conq., 
 90-2, 252. II Guizot, 116-37. Taylor, 232-39, 269. Creasy's 
 Const., 63-84. Taswell-Langmead, 49-65. May's DenL, 350. 
 I Brodie, 1-4. I Hume, 195, 367-82, 441-73. IGneist, 80-107, 295. 
 
 5. Magna Charta. 
 
 I Stubbs' Const. Hist., 528-44; II, 21, 67, 109, 140. Creasy's 
 Const., 98-147. I Green, Book iii, chap. i. Taylor, 366-94. 
 Stubbs' Chart., 289-306. II Gneist, chap, xviii. I Guizot's 
 Hist., 209-17. Boutmy, 3-32. I Hume, 429. I Brodie, 116. 
 
 6. Origin of the Jury System and the Common Law. 
 
 I Stubbs' Const. Hist., 275, 609-20. I Green, 159, 165,309. 
 Creasy's Const., 135, 171-3, 186-200, 340-2. I Gneist, 287, 
 349, chap. xxii. I Hume, 303. Taylor, 301-33. Taswell- 
 Langmead, 70-9. 
 
 7. Origin of the Parliament. 
 
 II Gneist, chap. xix. Creasy's Const., 179, 186, 304. II 
 Hume, 915. Taylor, 289-93, 430 etc. Taswell-Langmead, 
 212. Bagehot, 153. Freeman's Growth, 60. Boutmy, 33. I 
 Stubbs' Const. Hist., 477, 570 ; II, 224, 261 ; III, 375. 
 
 8. Establishment of the House of Commons. 
 
 II Stubbs' Const. Hist., 166, 220. II Gneist, 1-45. I Green, 
 284, 390, 433-6. Bagehot, 193-237. II Hallam's Const. Hist., 
 250. Freeman's Growth, 67, 78-86. Taylor, 289, 430. Tas- 
 well-Langmead, 220. I Hume, 53, 95. I Brodie, 4. Boutmy, 
 42. May's Dem., 347. Fischel, 10. Stubbs' Charts., 378-425. 
 
 9. Political Aspects of the War of the Roses. 
 
 III Stubbs' Const. Hist., chap, xxviii. Taylor, 552-62. II 
 Gneist, chap. xvii. May's Dem., 353. II Hume, chap, xxi- 
 xxiv. I Guizot, 442. I Brodie, 9. 
 
10 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 10. Establishment of Habeas Corpus. 
 
 Creasy's Eng. Const., 184-7, 262-4, 271. Stubbs' Chart, 
 517. Taswell-Langmead, 126, 305, 552. I Lecky, 273 ; III, 
 581 ; IV, 395, 448, 560. I Hallaii], 376 ; III, 19. II (inei^t, 
 301, 306, 369. 
 
 11. The Reformation in England. 
 
 II Gneist, chap, xxxiii. II Green, 128, 175-84, 225-52. 
 May's Dem., 363. Taswell-Langmead, 364-410. I Brodie, 26- 
 58. II Guizot, 217. II Hume, 347 ; III, 325. I Lecky, 203. 
 
 I Hallam's Const. Hist., 176-82. II Gneist, 155-67. 
 
 12. The Established Church. 
 
 HI Hunie, chaps. xxix-xxxiii. II Gneist, chap. lii. 
 
 II Green, 148-59, 218-29. Taylor, 597. Taswell-Langmead, 
 86-92, 364, 384, 401-28. I Brodie, 59-75. I Hallam's Const. 
 Hist., 70-1 16. Boutmy, 76-88. Fischel, 203-229. HI Stubbs' 
 Const. Hist., chap. xix. II Gneist, chap. xxvi. 
 
 13. Absolutism of James I. and Charles I. 
 
 I Hallam's Const. Hist., 283-409; II, 9-223. II Guizot, 383- 
 48; III, 13-119. HI Green, 37-253. Stubbs' Chart., 515. I 
 Brodie, 241-51 1; II, entire; HI, to page 352. May's Deiu., 
 367-418. Creasy's Const., 231 9. IV Hume, chap, xlv lo 
 end of volume; V, 1-384. II Gneist, 221-57. P^reeman's 
 (Growth, 128. Taylor, 598-600. Taswell-Langmead, 463. 
 
 14. Political England Under Cromwell. 
 
 II Gneist, 257-75. V Hume, 386-530. HI Green, 253-313. 
 HI Guizot, 120-206. II Hallam's Const. Hist., 224-270. Mav's 
 Dem., 419-36. HI Brodie, 352-549. Taswell-Langmead, 578. 
 
 15. Revolution of 1689. Bill of Rights. 
 
 II Hallam's Const. Hist., 271-442; HI, 9-192. HI (luizot, 
 300-66. Freeman's Growth, 129, 146-7. Stubbs' Charts, 523. 
 Taylor, 61 1-4. II Gneist, 275-317. Creasy's Eng. Const., 
 301. May's Dem., 438. Taswell-Langmead, 207, 621. VI 
 Hume, chap. Ixxi. I Smollett, 1-29, 168. 
 
 16. Party Contests in the Eighteenth Century. 
 
 Yonge's Const. Hist., chaps, iii-vi. May's Const. Hist., 15-140. 
 I Leckv, 241-2. Taylor, 604-7. ^^ Gneist, 429-36. Fischel, 
 544-7. I Smollett, 398; II, 167. Taswell-Langmead, 601-3. 
 
ENGLISH CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY. II 
 
 17. Development of the Cabinet. 
 
 II Gneist, chap. liii. Creasy's Const. Hist., 296-327. Free- 
 man's Growth, 1 15-8. Bagehot, 67-98. Taylor, 607-10. Tas- 
 well-Langmead, 634, etc. Fischel, 161, 517-43. TV Lecky, 
 239 ; V, 20, etc. Ill Hallam's Const. Hist., 181. II Gneist, 
 405, 410-14. 
 
 NINETEENTH CENTURY REFORMS. 
 
 18. {a) Representation. 
 
 Freeman's Growth, 102-5. Ill Lecky, 185-239; V, 60. 
 Yonge's Const. Hist., 287. II Gneist, 445-51. I May's Const. 
 Hist., 263-364. Creasy's Const. Hist., 311. May's Dem., 462. 
 Fischel, 434. Boutmy, 202. Taswell-Langmead, 670. Taylor, 
 614. 
 
 19. ip) Liberty of Opinion. 
 
 II Guizot, chap. Ivii. Creasy's Const. Hist., 317. Ill 
 Lecky, 253-88. II May's Const. Hist., 105, 365-409. II 
 Gneist, 30, 307. Taswell-Langmead, 294-8, 697, 706. 
 
 20. {c) Religious Freedom. 
 
 Yonge's Const. Hist., 262-86. II May's Const. Hist., 129, 
 320-402. Ill Lecky, 476-588. Taswell-Langmead, 695. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY, 
 
 PRELIMINARY COURSES. 
 
 The use of topics for research work presupposes a fair knowl- 
 edge of the general thread of American history. For such prelimi- 
 nary study, one of the following books or series is suggested, the 
 arrangement being in the order of simplicity. 
 
 Narrative. 
 
 Scudder's History of the United States. Boston, Ware. 
 
 Eliot's Manual of United States History. New York, Sheldon. 
 
 Montgomery's Leading Facts of American History. Boston, Ginn. 
 
 Higginson's Larger History of the United States. New York, Har- 
 per. 
 
 Johnston's The United States, its History and Constitution. New 
 York, Harper. 
 
 Bryant & Gay's History of the United States. 4 vols. New York, 
 Gay Brothers. 
 
 Epochs of American History Series. L Thwaites' The 
 Colonies, 1492- 1750. H Hart's Formation of the Union, 1750- 
 1829. HL Wilson's Division and Reunion, 1829-1889. New York, 
 Longmans, Greene & Co. 
 
 American History Series. L Fisher's Colonial Era. H. 
 Sloane's French War and Revolution. HI. Walker's Adoption of 
 the Constitution and National Consolidation. IV. Burgess' From 
 the Conclusion of Peace in 181 5 to the End of Reconstruction (2 
 vols). New York, Scribner. 
 
 Constitutional and Political. 
 Burgess' Political Science and Constitutional Law. Vol. I, pp. 91-8. 
 
 Boston, Ginn. 
 Cooper & Fenton's American Politics. Chicago, Philadelphia, 1892, 
 
 Brodix. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 13 
 
 Fiske's Civil Government. Boston, Houghton, M. & Co. 
 Porter's Outlines of Constitutional History. New York, Holt. 
 Houghton's American Politics. Indianapolis, Neely & Co. 
 Johnston's American Politics. Boston, Houghton, M. & Co. 
 Sterne's Constitutional History of the United States. New York, 
 
 Putnam. 
 Cocke's Constitutional History of the United States. 2 vols. Phil- 
 
 delphia, 1858, Lippincott. 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL PAPERS. 
 
 The following records, references to which were omitted because 
 of their general character, should be consulted for each topic within 
 the limits of their dates. The indexes will make this possible. 
 1775-1788. Journals of Congress. Secret Journals of Congress. 
 1789-1893. House Journals. Senate Journals. 
 1 789-1823. Annals of Congress. 
 1 824- 1 837. Congressional Debates. 
 1833-1873. Congressional Globe. 
 1 873- 1 893. Congressional Record. 
 1 786-1815. American State Papers. 
 1789-1859. American State Papers. 
 1789-1892. Statutes at Large. Revised Statutes. 
 
 REPORTS OF THE DECISIONS OF THE SUPREME COURT. 
 
 The reports are quoted in the Lists according to the name of 
 the reporter or editor, the number in front of the name indicating 
 the volume and the number after the name showing the section. 
 According to year : 
 
 1790-1800, Dallas; 1800-1815, Cranch; 1816-1827, Wheaton; 
 1827-42, Peters, 1843-1860, Howard, 1860-1863, Black; 1863-1875, 
 Wallace; 1875-1882, Otto; 1882-date, Davis.— Also, 1781-1854, 
 Curtis; 1854- 1862, Miller. Various Digests have been issued to 
 accompany the Reports. — Revised Statutes of the United States, 
 Washington, 1878, government printing office, contains (p. 17) the 
 different decisions under the part of the constitution which they 
 involve. Very valuable. 
 
14 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 COLLECTIONS. 
 
 Almon's Remembrancer, 1775-1781. London. 11 vols. Val- 
 uable for the Revolutionary 'period. 
 
 Williams' Statesman's Manual, 1 789-1 858. New York. 4 vols. 
 Rei)rints of messages of presidents, proclamations, etc. 
 
 The American Statesmen. New York. A. W. Young, Good- 
 speed. Reprints of valuable papers. 
 
 Spofford's American Almanac, 1789- 1889. 
 
 Brown's Genesis of the United States. Documents, etc., 1605- 
 16. Boston, 1890. 
 
 Reprints, in pamphlet form, of important documents : i. 
 Old South Leaflets ; Boston, Heath. 2. American History Leaflets 
 (Hart) ; New York, Lovell & Co. 
 
 BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 Valuable reference lists occurring on pages quoted under the 
 Topics are indicated by the abbreviation "Bibliog." In addition, 
 the following will be found of importance in the order given : 
 
 Poore's Descriptive Catalogue of Government Publications, 
 1776-1881. Washington, 1885. 
 
 Winsor's Narrative and Critical History. See List of Books 
 quoted in American History. 
 
 Hart's Topical Outline (courses in Harvard College). Cambridge, 
 Mass., W. H. Wheeler. Revised edition to be issued. 
 
 Adams' Manual of Historical Literature. New York, 1882. 
 Harper. 
 
 Foster's Monthly Reference Lists. 1881-4. Providence (R. L) 
 Library. New York. Scarce. Partly reprinted in 
 
 References to the History of Presidential Administrations. New 
 York. Society for Political Education, 1885. 
 
 Poole's Index to Periodical Literature. With supplements. 
 Boston, 1882-date. Houghton, M. & Co. 
 
 Winsor's Reader's Hand-book of American Revolution. Bos- 
 ton, 1877. Houghton, M. & Co. 
 
 Epochs of American History Series (quoted above, under 
 Preliminary Courses). References at beginning of each chapter. 
 
 Allen's History Topics. Boston, 1886. Heath. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. I 5 
 
 Short's Historical Reference ^ ists. Columbus, Ohio, 1882. 
 A. H. Smythe. Scarce. 
 
 General titles of books may be found in Sabin's Bibliotheca 
 Americana, New York ; and in Clarke's Bibliotheca Americana. 
 Cincinnati, Robt. Clarke & Co. 
 
 Bibliography for stated periods may be found in many of the 
 University Extension syllabi issued in co.nnection with the American 
 Association, Philadelphia: the New York Extension Department, 
 Albany; the University of Chicago, University of Wisconsin, Univer- 
 sity of Kansas, etc. 
 
 MONOGRAPHS. 
 
 A few monographs of special bearing are noted under the 
 various Topics. Valuable contributions on different historical sub- 
 jects may be found in the publications of: 
 
 The American Historical Association. The first volumes pub- 
 lished by Putnam's Sons, New York ; later volumes by the Smith- 
 sonian Institution, Washington. 
 
 The American Academy of Political and Social Science, Phila- 
 delphia. 
 
 Library of Economics and Politics (Richard J. Ely, editor. 
 University of Wisconsin). New York, Crowell & Co. 
 
 Harvard Historical Monographs and Fay House Monographs 
 (Albert Bushnell Hart, editor, Harvard College). Boston, Ginn & 
 Co. 
 
 Many of the state and section historical societies issue cata- 
 logues of their publications. These contain valuable contributions 
 especially to local history. 
 
 Historical articles in periodicals may be found by means of 
 Poole's Index, quoted above, under Bibliography. 
 
 LIST OF BOOKS QUOTED IN AMERICAN HISTORY. 
 
 The selection of books to be quoted has been influenced by 
 ascertaining those most commonly employed in different city 
 libraries as well as in various reference libraries. Being at last 
 largely a matter of judgment, the choice is far from closed to criti- 
 cism. The brief life of many good books is show^n by their 
 scarcity. Reprints have been noted as far as ascertained. 
 
l6 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 Adams, J. Q. and C. F. Life of John Adams. 2 vols. Philadelphia, 
 1871. Lippincott. $1.50 ea. (In one vol. $2). 
 
 Adams, Henry. History of the U. S. of America. (Administra- 
 tions of Jeff, and Mad.) 9 vols. N. Y., 1890-1. Scribner. 
 $2 each. 
 
 Adams, Henry. Life of Albert Gallatin. Philadelphia, 1879. Lip- 
 pincott. $5. 
 
 Adams, J. Q. and C. F. Life of John Adams. 2 vols. Philadelphia, 
 1874. Lippincott. $1.50 each. 
 
 Adams, J. O. Lives of James Madison and James Monroe. Buffalo, 
 1850. George H. Derby & Co. 
 
 Appleton's American Annual Cyclopaedia, etc., 1861-75. 15 vols. 
 N. Y. Appleton. $5 each. 
 
 Bancroft, George. History of the United States. 6 vols. N. Y., 
 1886. Appleton. $2.50 ea. Quoted first and followed by 
 the " 10 volume " edition (Boston, 1872. Lit., Brown & Co.) to 
 1787 and afterward by the 2 vol. History of the Formation of 
 the Constitution of the U. S. N. Y., 1882. Appleton. $5. 
 
 Barrows, William. Oregon. Boston, 1886. Houghton, M. & Co. 
 (Amer. Com. Sei.) $1.25 
 
 Benton, Thos. H. Abridgment of the Debates of Congress from 
 1789 to 1856. 16 vols. New York, 1857, 1863. Appleton. 
 $6 each. 
 
 Benton, Thos. H. Thirty Years' View (1820-50). 2 vols. New 
 York, 1854. Appleton. $3 each. 
 
 Bigelow, J. Life of Benjamin Franklin. 3 vols. Philadelphia, 
 1884. Lippincott. $1.50 each. 
 
 Blaine, James G. Twenty Years in Congress. 2 vols. Norwich, 
 Conn., 1884. Brill Pub. Co. ($3.75 each, quoted). 
 
 Belles, Albert S. Financial History of the United States from 1 774 
 to 1865. 3 vols. New York, 1884. Appleton. $3.50 each. 
 
 Bryce, James. The American Commonwealth. 2 vols. New York, 
 1890. Macmillan. $1.25 each. 
 
 Burgess, John W. Political Science and Comparative Constitutional 
 Law. 2 vols. Boston, 1890. Ginn. $2.50 each. 
 
 Calhoun's Works. Works of John C. Calhoun, edited by R. K. 
 Cralle. 6 vols. New York, 1854. Apple-ton. 1^2.50 each. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 1 7 
 
 Centz, p. C. (Sage). Republic of Republics. Boston, 1881. Little, 
 
 B. & Co. $3.50 
 Colton, Calvin. Life of Henry Clay. 2 vols. New York, 1855. 
 
 Barnes. 
 Colton, Calvin. The Private Correspondence of Henry Clay. 
 
 Cincinnati, 1856. H. W. Derby. (Boston, 1856. '$2 quoted). 
 Comte de Paris. History of the Civil War in America. 3 vols. 
 
 Philadelphia, n. d. Porter & Coates. $3.50 each 
 Cooley, J. M. (and others). Constitutional History of the U. S. 
 
 New York, n.d., 1889. Putnam. $2. 
 Cox, S. S. Eight Years in Congress (1857-65). Boston, 1882. 
 
 ($5 quoted). 
 Cox, S. S. Three Decades of Federal Legislation, 1855-85. Provi- 
 dence, 1888. J. A. & R. A. Reid. 
 Cranch. See page 13. (Supreme Court Decisions). 
 Crane, W. W. & Moses B. Politics. New York, 1884. Putnam. 
 
 $1.50. 
 Curtis. See page 13. (Supreme Court Decisions). 
 Curtis, George T. History of the Origin, Formation and Adoption 
 
 of the Constitution of the United States. 2 vols. New York, 
 
 1872. Harper. Quoted first and followed by the rewritten 
 
 " 1889" Constitutional History of the United States. 2 vols. 
 
 (Only one volume published). New York, 1889. Harper. $3 
 
 each. 
 Curtis, George T. Life of Daniel Webster. 2 vols. New York, 
 
 1870. Appleton. $2 each. 
 Curtis, George T. Life of James Buchanan. 2 vols. New York, 
 
 1883. Harper. $3 each. 
 Cutts, J. Madison. Constitutional and Party Questions from the 
 
 late Senator Stephen A. Douglass. New York, i860. Apple- 
 ton. 
 Dallas. See page 13. (Supreme Court Decisions). 
 Davis, Jefferson. Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government. 
 
 2 vols. New York, 1881. Appleton. $5 each. 
 Donaldson, Thomas. The Public Domain. Washington, 1884. 
 
 Government. (House Exec. Doc. 47, Part 4, 46th Congress, 
 
 3rd Session). 
 
l8 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 Draper, J. W. History of the American Civil War. 3 vols. New 
 
 York, 1867. Harper. ^3.50. 
 Dwight, Theodore. History of the Hartford Convention. New 
 
 York, Boston, 1883. N. & J. White. 
 Elliot, Jonathan. Debates in the Several State Conventions on the 
 
 Adoption of the Federal Constitution. 5 vols. Washington, 
 
 1836. (5 vols., Philadelphia, 1861, 1891. Lippincott. $2.50 
 
 each). 
 Everett, Edward. Orations and Speeches of. 4 vols. Boston. Lit- 
 tle, B. & Co. $3 each. 
 Fiske, John. Critical Period of American History, 1783-89. Bos- 
 ton, 1892. Houghton, M. & Co. $2. 
 Force, Peter. American Archives. 2 series. 9 vols, published. 
 
 Washington, 1837-53. ($30 quoted). 
 Fowler, Chauncey W. Sectional Controversy Passages in Political 
 
 History of the United States. New York, 1862. Scribner. $2. 
 Flanders, Henry. Lives and Times of the Chief Justices of the 
 
 Supreme Court of the United States. 2 vols. Philadelphia, 
 
 1858. Lippincott. 
 Frothingham, Richard. Rise of the Republic of the United States. 
 
 Boston, 1889. Little, B. & Co. $3.50. 
 Gallatin's Writings. Writings of Albert Gallatin. Edited by Henry 
 
 Adams. 3 vols. Philadelphia, 1879. Lippincott. $5 each. 
 Garland, Hugh A. Life of John Randolph. 2 vols. New York, 
 
 1853. Appleton. (2 vols, in one. $2). 
 Gay, Sidney Howard. James Madison. Boston, 1884. Houghton, 
 
 M. & Co. $1.25. " American Statesmen " Series. 
 Gibbs, George. Memoirs of the Administrations of Washington 
 
 and John Adams. Edited from papers of Oliver Wolcott. 2 
 
 vols. New York, 1846. (Subscription). 
 Gilman, D. C. James Monroe. Boston, 1883. Houghton, M. & 
 
 Co. $1.25. "American Statesmen " Series. 
 Gillet, Ransom H. Democracy in the United States. New York, 
 
 1868. Appleton. 
 Grahame, James. History of the United States of North America. 
 
 2 vols. Philadelphia, 1850. Lee & Blanchard. {$2 eacbx 
 
 quoted). 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 1 9 
 
 Greeley, Horace. The American Conflict. 2 vols. Hartford, 1885. 
 
 Case. 
 Greene, George W. Historical View of the American Revolution. 
 
 Boston, 1865. Ticknor & Fields. (Houghton, M. & Co.) ^1.50. 
 H. H. Bancroft. History of the Pacific States of North America. 
 
 34 vols. San Francisco, 1886. Bancroft & Co. 
 Hamilton, John C. Life of Alexander Hamilton. 2 vols. New 
 
 York, 1834. Halsted & Voorhees. 
 Hamilton's Works. Works of Alexander Hamilton. Edited by 
 
 Henry Cabot Lodge. 9 vols. New York, 1885. Putnam. 
 Henry, W. W. Life, Correspondence and Speeches of Patrick 
 
 Henry. 3 vols. New York, 1891. Scribner. $4 each. 
 Hildreth, Richard. History of the United States of America. 6 
 
 vols. New York, 1880. Harper. $2 each. 
 Hoist, H. von. Constitutional and Political History of the LTnited 
 
 States. 8 vols. Chicago, 1876-92. Callaghan & Co. $25 set. 
 Hoist, H. von. John C. Calhoun. Boston, 1882. Houghton, M. 
 
 & Co. Si. 25. " American Statesmen " Series. 
 Hosmer, James K. Samuel Adams. Boston. Houghton, M. & 
 
 Co. $1.25. " American Statesmen " Series. 
 Howard. See page 16. (Supreme Court Decisions). 
 Irving, Washington. Life of George Washington. 5 vols. New 
 
 York, 1863. Putnam. (One vol. $2). 
 Jameson, J. A. The Constitutional Convention. New York, 1867. 
 
 Scribner. 
 Jay, Wm. Life of John Jay. 2 vols. New York, 1835. Har])er. 
 J. O. Adams' Memoirs. Memoirs of John Ouincy Adams (1795- 
 
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 delphia, 1874. Lippincotts. $5 each. 
 Jefferson's Works. Writings of Thomas Jefferson. Edited by H. 
 
 A. Washington. 9 vols. Philadelphia, 187 1. Lippincott. 
 
 (New York, 1852. $20 quoted). 
 John Adams' Works. Life and Works of John Adams, by Charles 
 
 Francis Adams. 10 vols. Boston, 1857. Little, B. & Co. 
 Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political 
 
 Science. 1 1 series published. Baltimore. The Johi^s Hopkins 
 
 Press. S3 per annum. Twelve extra volumes. 
 
20 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 Johnston, Alexander. Representative American Orations. 3 vols. 
 New York, n. d. Putnam. $1.25 each. 
 
 Kennedy, John P. Memoirs and Life of William Wirt. 2 vols. 
 Philadelphia, 1850. Lees & Blanchard. 
 
 Lalor, J. J. Political Cyclopaedia. 3 vols. Chicago, 1881. Rand, 
 McN. & Co. (Chas. E. Merrill & Co., New York. $5 each). 
 
 Landon, Judson L. Constitutional History and Government of the 
 United States. Boston, 1889. Houghton, M. & Co. $3. 
 
 Lecky, AVilliam E. History of England in the Eighteeenth Cen- 
 tury. 4 vols. New York, 1878-82. Appleton. $2.25 each. 
 
 Lodge, Henry Cabot. Alexander Hamilton. Boston, 1882. 
 Houghton, M. & Co. $1.25. "American Statesmen" Series. 
 
 Lodge, Henry Cabot. Life and Letters of George Cabot. Boston, 
 1878. Little, B. & Co. $3.50. 
 
 Lodge, Henry Cabot. Short History of the English Colonies in 
 America. Philadelphia, 1888. Lippincott. $3. 
 
 Maclay, E. S. Private Journal of William Maclay, United States 
 Senator from Pennsylvania, 1789-91. New York, 1890. Apple- 
 ton. $2.25. 
 
 Madison, James. The Papers of. 3 vols. Mobile, 1842. Allston 
 Nygate. (Reprinted in one volume, Chicago, 1892. Albert, 
 Scott & Co. $2.50). ^ 
 
 Madison, James. Letters and Other Writings of. 4 vols. Phila- 
 delphia, 1877. Lippincott. ($2.50 each, quoted). 
 
 Magruder, Allan B. John Marshall. Boston, 1889. Houghton, 
 M. & Co. $1.25. "American Statesmen" Series. 
 
 Marshall's Writings. Writings of John Marshall. Boston, 1839. 
 James Mason. 
 
 Marshall, John. Life of George Washington. 5 vols Philadel- 
 phia, 1805. Wayne. (Philadelphia, 1839. 2 vols. James 
 Crissv). 
 
 Mason, A. W. The Veto Power, Boston, 1890. Ginn. $1. 
 
 May, Samuel J. Some Recollections of our Anti-slavery Conflict. 
 Boston, 1869. Fields, Osgood & Co. 
 
 McCulloch, Hugh. Men and Measures of Half a Century. New 
 York, 1888. Scribner. $4. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 21 
 
 McMaster, John Bach. A History of the People of the United 
 States from the Revolution to the Civil War. 3 vols, issued. 
 New York, 1883-92. Appleton. $2.50 each. 
 
 Morse, John T. John Quincy Adams. Boston. Houghton, M. & 
 Co. ^1.25. '* American Statesmen " Series. 
 
 Morse, John T., Jr. Life of Alexander Hamilton. 2 vols. Boston, 
 1876. Little, B. & Co. $2.25 each. 
 
 McPherson, Edward. Political History of the United States, during 
 the Great Rebellion, etc. (Nov. i860 to July, 1864). Wash- 
 ington, 1864; Philp & Solomons. New York, Appleton. 
 (Washington, 1880. $3.50, quoted). 
 
 Niles, Hezekiah. Principles and Acts of the Revolution. New 
 York, 1876. Barnes. ^2.50 (Early edition, Baltimore, 1822. 
 $2.50, quoted). 
 
 Niles' Register. Weekly Register. Hezekiah Niles. Baltimore, 
 1811 to 1849, 
 
 O'Neil, Charles A. American Electoral System. New York, 1887. 
 Putnam. $1.50. 
 
 Parton, James. Life and Times of Aaron Burr. 2 vols. Bosron, 
 
 1876. Osgood. $2.50 each. 
 
 Parton, James. Life of Andre\y Jackson. 3 vols. Boston, 1876. 
 
 Houghton, M. & Co. $2.50 each. 
 Parton, James. Life of Benjamin Franklin. 2 vols. Boston, n. d. 
 
 Houghton, M. & Co. $2.50 each. 
 Pitkin, Timothy. Political and Civil History of the United States. 
 
 2 vols. (From 1763 to 1797). New Haven. 1828. Howe. 
 
 ($3 and ^2.50 quoted). 
 Pollard, Edward A. The Lost Cause, a New History of the War of 
 
 the Confederacy. New York, 1867. E. B. Treat & Co. $5. 
 Pollard, Edward A. Life of Jefferson Davis. Philadelphia, n. d. 
 
 National Publishing Co. 
 Pomeroy, John Norton. Constitutional Law. Boston, 1882. 
 
 Houghton, M. & Co. $5. 
 Poore, Ben: Perley. Federal and State Constitutions, Colonial 
 
 Charters, and Organic Laws of the U. S. 2 vols. Washington, 
 
 1877, 1878. Govt. ($7.50 quoted). 
 
22 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 Poore, Ben Perley. Reminiscences, 1824-84. 2 vols. Philadel- 
 phia, n. d. Hubbard Bros. 
 
 Preston, F. Documents illustrating American History. New 
 York, 1886. Putnam. $1.50. 
 
 Quincy, Josiah. Memoir of the Life of J. Q. Adams. Boston, 
 
 1858. Phillips, Sampson & Co. 
 
 Randall, Henry S. Life of Thomas Jefferson. 3 vols. New 
 
 York, 1858. Derby & Jackson. $3 each. 
 Randolph, Thomas Jefferson. Correspondence and Miscellanies 
 
 from the Papers of Thomas Jefferson. 4 vols. Charlotteville, 
 
 1829. F. Carr & Co. (London, 1829. $4 quoted). 
 Raymond, Henry J. History of the Administration of President 
 
 Lincoln. New York, 1864. Derby. (^1.25 quoted). 
 Reed, W. B. Life of Joseph Reed. 2 vols. Philadelphia, 1847. 
 
 Lindsay & Blakiston. 
 Rhodes, J. F. History of the United States from the Compromise 
 
 of 1850. 2 vols. New York, 1893. Harper. $2.50 each. 
 Rives, W. C. Life and Times of James Madison. 3 vols. Boston, 
 
 1859. Little, B. & Co. ^3.50 each. 
 
 Roosevelt, Theodore. Thomas Hart Benton. Boston. Houghton, 
 
 M. & Co. ^1.25. "American Statesmen" Series. 
 Sanborn, F. B. Life and Letters of John Brown. Boston, 1885, 
 
 1 89 1. Roberts Bros. $2. 
 Sargent, Nathan. Public Men and Events (1817-53). 2 vols. 
 
 Philadelphia, 1875. Lippincott. 
 Scott, E. G. The Development of Constitutional Liberty in the 
 
 English Colonies of America. New York, 1882. Putnam. $2.50. 
 Schouler, James. History of the United States of America under 
 
 the Constitution. 5 vols. Washington, 1886-1891. Morrison, 
 
 $12.50. New York, n. d., Dodd, M. & Co. $1.25 each. 
 Schurz, Carl. Henry Clay. 2 vols. Boston, 1886. Houghion, 
 
 M. & Co. $1.25 each. ''American Statesmen" Series. 
 Shephard, Edward M. Martin VanBuren. Boston, 1888. Houghton, 
 
 M. & Co. $1.25. "American Statesmen" Series. 
 Sparks, Jared. Works of Benjamin Franklin. 10 vols. Boston, 
 
 1856. Wittmore, Niles & Hall. ($15 quoted). Reprinted, 
 
 Chicago, 1882. $20. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 23 
 
 Sparks, Jared. The Writings of Washington. 12 vols. Boston. 
 
 Andrews. (Charleston, S. C, 1839, Mygatt). ($2j quoted). 
 Spring, Leverett W. Kansas. Boston, 1887. Houghton, M. & 
 
 Co. (Am. Com. Ser.) $1.25. 
 Snow, Freeman. Guide to the Study of the Constitution and 
 
 Political History of the U. S. (i 789-1860). Cambridge, 1882-3. 
 
 W. H. Wheeler. 
 Stephens, A. H. A Constitutional View of the Late War between 
 
 the States. 2 vols. n. d. Natl. Pub. Co., Philadelphia. 
 Stevens, John Austin. Albert Gallatin. Boston, 1884. Houi^^hton, 
 
 M. & Co. ^1.25. "American Statesmen " Series. 
 Stanwood, Edward. History of Presidential Elections. Boston. 
 
 Houghton, M. & Co. $1.50. 
 Story, Joseph. Commentaries on the Constitution of the United 
 
 States. 2 vols. Boston, 1873. Little, B. & Co. $6 each. 
 Story, W. W. Life and Letters of Joseph Story. 2 vols. Boston, 
 
 185 1. Little, B. & Co. 
 Sumner, Wm. G. Andrew Jackson. Boston, 1882. Houghton, 
 
 M. & Co. $1.25. "American Statesmen" Series. 
 Sumner, Wm. G. History of American Currency. New York, 
 
 1874. Holt. ^3. 
 Sumner's Works. Works of Charles Sumner. 2 vols. Boston, 
 
 1874. Lee & Shep. 
 Taussig, F. W. Tariff History of the U. S. New York, 1892. 
 
 Putnam. $1.25. 
 Taylor, Hannis. Origin and Growth of the English Constitution- 
 London, 1889. Sampson, Low, Searle & Rivington. (Rev. 
 
 Amer. Ed. Houghton, M. & Co. $5). 
 Tocqueville, Alexis de. Democracy in America. (Reeve's Trans.) 2 
 
 vols. Boston, 1873. John Allyn. $5. (i vol., Boston, 1874, ^1.50.) 
 Towle, Nath. C. History and Analysis of the Constitution. Boston, 
 
 187 1. Little, B. & Co. (Si. 50 quoted). 
 
 Tucker, George. Life of Thomas Jefferson. 2 vols. London, 
 
 1837. Charles Knight. 
 Tyler, Samuel. Memoir of Roger Brooke Taney. Baltimore, 
 
 1872. John Murphy & Co. 
 Von Hoist. See Hoist. 
 
24 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 Wallace. See page 13. (Supreme Court Decisions). 
 
 Webster's Works. Works of Daniel Webster, edited by Edward 
 
 Everett. 6 vols. Boston, 1857. Little, B. & Co. $3 each. 
 Weed, Harriet A. Autobiography of Thurlow Weed. 2 vols. 
 
 Boston, 1883. Houghton, M. & Co. ^3.50 each. 
 Wells, Wm. V. Life and Public Services of Samuel Adams. 3 vols. 
 
 Boston. Little, B. & Co., 1865. $4 each. 
 Wheaton. See page 13. (Supreme Court Decisions). 
 Whitelock, Wm. Life and Times of John Jay. New York, 1887. 
 
 Dodd, M. & Co. ^1.75. 
 Whitney, J. D. The United States. Boston, 1884, 1889. Little, 
 
 B. & Co. $3- 
 Williams, George W. History of the Negro Race in America. 
 
 (1619-1880). 2 vols. New York, 1883. Putnam. $2 each. 
 Wilson, Henry W. History of the Rise and Fall of the Slave 
 
 Power in America. 3 vols. Boston, 1872. Houghton, M. & 
 
 Co. $3 each. 
 Winsor, Justm. Narrative and Critical History of America. 8 vols. 
 
 Boston, 1889. Houghton, M. & Co. ^5.50 each. 
 Wise, Henry A. Seven Decades of the Union. Philadelphia, 1872. 
 
 Lippincott. 
 
 AMERICAN HISTORY REFERENCES. 
 
 Consult constantly the Records and general books mentioned 
 on page 13. The authorities under the following topics are 
 given in the order of their importance. For brevity, the name of 
 the author stands for the entire title except in ambiguous cases. 
 Full title can be found in the "List of Books quoted in American 
 History" on the preceding pages. 
 I. Geography. 
 
 I Draper's Civil War, 39-88. Whitney's United States, 1-136. 
 IV Windsor's America, Introd. I De Tocqueville's Democ, 
 19-30. Taylor's Eng. Const., 15. Scribner's Atlas, xix-xxiv, 
 with plates. Johns Hopkins University Studies, extra volume 
 13. Walker's Statistical Atlas (Washington, 1874). MacCoun, 
 Townsend : Historical Geography of the United States. New 
 York, 1889. (Boston : Silver, Burdett & Co.) 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 25 
 
 EXERCISES: 
 
 1. Influence of physical conformation on the cohesion of the United States. 
 
 2. Advantages of first permanent settlements on the eastern rather than the 
 
 western coast. 
 
 3. Advantages of waterfalls in the northern states. 
 
 4. The Mississippi and Uhio rivers and the Great Lakes as an internal 
 
 waterway. 
 
 5. Influence of the Alleghanies on emigration and settlement. 
 
 6. The determinatives in boundaries at different times in American history. 
 
 7. Climatic influences on habits and development. 
 
 COLONIAL LIFE. 
 
 2. (a) Social, Commercial and Religious. 
 
 I McMaster's United States, i-ioi. Frothingham's Rise of 
 the Republic, 1-12. V Winsor, 167-71. Whitney, 235-9. ^^ 
 Lalor's Encyclopaedia, 185-7. Lodge's English Cols., index. 
 I De Tocqueville, 31-69. Landon's Constitutional History, 
 26-32. Scott's Development of Constitutional Liberty, 124- 
 229. Crane & Moses' Politics, 82-126. Weeden, William B.: 
 Economic and Social History of New England. 2 vols. Boston, 
 1890. Houghton, M. & Co. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 Comparison of the laws of inheritance in New England and Virginia. 
 
 Religious toleration in the different colonies. 
 Effect of the Dutch genius for trade. 
 Puritan influence. 
 
 Early promise of manufacturing prominence in Pennsylvania ; in New 
 England. 
 6. The birth of American commerce. 
 
 3. if) The Charters. 
 
 Preston's Documents, 1-130, 148. I Story's Com. (index 
 
 by cols.) Donaldson's Pub. Dom., 32-56. I Bancroft's 
 
 United States, index. Landon, 21. HI Hildreth's United 
 States, index. Taylor, 17-24. 
 
 4. (c) Beginning of Representative Govern7nent, 161 g. 
 
 I Bancroft, 111-3. HI Lalor, 1068. I Pitkin, 72. Frotli- 
 ingham, 18 note. Lodge's English Cols., 9. I Story's Com., 
 §46. I Grahame's United States, 66. I Hildreth, 118. 
 
26 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 5 . (d) Local Self Government. 
 
 1 Johns Hopkins University Studies, entire; extra vol. I; 
 2, iv, X ; 3, ii-iii, v-vii ; 4, i-iv. 1 Story's Com., §159-79: 
 p. 193, note 1 ; p. 196. Frothingham, 12-28. Lodge's 
 Eng. Cols., intervals. Scott, 29-58, 174-81. I Wells' Samuel 
 Adams, 53-7. Taylor, 28-48. Pomeroy's Constitutional Law, 
 §152-64. Hosmer's S. Adams, i, 54. I De Tocqueville, 73- 
 99. Landon, 24. II Lalor, 131 (i); m, 824, 1064 (i). I 
 Elliott's Deb., 60-73, abridged from Story. Adams, C. F., and 
 others: The Genesis of the Massachusetts Town. Cambridge, 
 1892. Wilson. 
 
 EXERCISES: 
 
 The national government an expansion of local government. 
 
 The origin of the universal representative assembly. 
 
 Superiority of local self government over bureau or centralized govern- 
 ment. 
 
 The lasting influence of the New England town meeting. 
 
 Comparison of the institutions of New England, the middle and the 
 southern colonies. 
 
 Varieties of land tenure in the colonies. 
 
 Relative value of the different forms of colonial government. 
 
 Reasons for early beginning of representative government in Virginia. 
 
 Influence of the revolution of 1688 on colonial freedom. 
 
 EARLY INDICATIONS OF UNION. 
 
 6. {a) Natural Tendencies toward Union. 
 
 Frothingham, 28-32, 86-91, 100. I Curtis's Constitutional 
 History, 6-10. II Hildreth, 133. II Bancroft, 319-28 (10 
 vol. IV, 3-18). Scott, 5-26. Towle, 299. Crane & Moses, 
 126. V Winsor, 61 1-3. Ill Lecky, 279-300. I Draper, 159- 
 64, 235-65. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Was union engendered or precipitated by the action of England? 
 
 2. Geographical influences on union. 
 
 3. Natural obstacles to union. 
 
 4. Inter-dependence as a result of isolation. 
 
 7, [b) The Mayfloiver Compact, 1620. 
 
 I Bancroft, 206-7 (1° vol., I, 309). I Pitkin, 32. I Hil- 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 2'J 
 
 dreth, 158. Scott, 84-7. Lodge's Eng. Cols., 342. Frothing- 
 ham, 15. Ill Winsor, 269. Towle, 301. I Poore's Const., 931. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. What vital principles of a constitution were wanting in this compact? 
 
 2. Its proper place in history. 
 
 8. {c) The New England Confederacy, 164J-1684. 
 
 I Pitkin, 50, 423 (Doc.) Lodge's Eng. Cols., 351-79. I 
 Bancroft, 289-94, 407 (10 vols., I, 420-2). Frothingham, 33- 
 71. 1 Grahame, 193. Towle. 301. I Hildreth, 285-466, 
 intervals. I Storv's Com., p. 141, note. Greene, 33-5. Crane 
 & Moses, 129. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Causes of dissolution of the confederacy. 
 
 2. Origin of the various principles in the articles of union. 
 
 3. Was it a "theocracy?" 
 
 4. Right of the confederacy had it lived to compel other colonies to join it 
 
 or be treated as enemies. 
 
 9. {d) Various Plans for a Union, 1680-ij^o. 
 
 Frothingham, 101-20. II Grahame, 198. I Pitkin, 140-1. 
 V Winsor, 611. Preston, 147. II Hildreth; 198, 444. Towle, 
 305. Donaldson, 56. II Lalor, loio; III, 992. VI Bancroft, 
 7-8 (Const. I, 6-8). 
 10. {e) The Albany Congress. Franklin's Plan of Union, 1754. 
 
 II Bancroft, 385-8 (10 vols., IV, 121-6). I Pitkin, 142-67. 
 II Hildreth, 442-4. II Grahame, 223-5. ^ Draper, 159-70. 
 I Parton's Franklin, 337. VI Winsor, 65-7. I Bigelow's 
 Franklin, 308. I Lalor, 45. Preston, 170. Greene, 69-72, 
 I Sparks' Franklin, 36 ; III, 22, etc. I Curtis' Const., 8 note, 
 (1889, I, 4). X John Adams' Works, 73. Towle, 306. Crane 
 & Moses, 131. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Why was the plan objectionable both to the colonies and England? 
 
 2. W^as the plan feasible for the colonies in their present condition? 
 
 3. The lesson of the small representation at the congress. 
 
 4. Early realization of a " common defence and common welfare." 
 
 5. Trace the similaritv or dissimilarity in the various plans of union pro- 
 
 posed before 1754. 
 
28 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 6. Influence of the speculative age in England on plans for colonial 
 prosperity and happiness. 
 
 ENGLAND AND COLONIAL RIGHTS. 
 
 11. (a) Navigation Laws. Acts of Trade. 
 
 Scott, 185-299, 314 (Doc.) I Pitkin, 93-106. I Bancroft, 
 144, etc.; II, 242, 546 (10 vols., I, 212-29; II, 42-7). I Gra- 
 hame, 90; II, 363-70. Greene, 1-47, 449, table i. X John 
 Adams' Works, rear index. Ill Lecky, 324-8. Frothingham, 
 161-2. I Wells, 169-73. Hosmer, 28, 40. II Hildreth, 196-8, 
 430. Green's History of England, book IX, chao. I. Smith's 
 Wealth of Nations, book IV, chap. VII (2-3). 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 The Dutch-English rivalry in commerce. 
 
 Justification of the acts and laws from a commercial standpoint. 
 
 The molasses act and the manufacture of rum. 
 
 4. Position of the colonial governors as executors of the law. 
 
 5. Colonial smuggling. 
 
 12. {b) The King's Prerogative. Power of Taxation. 
 
 VI Winsor, 2-5, 15. 10 Johns Hopkins University Studies, 
 XII. II Lalor, 131 ; III, 631. I Story's Com., §168-79, 184-7- 
 • II Bancroft, 72, 76, 41 1-6, 528 (10 vols., IV, 32-99 ; III, 383). 
 I Pitkin, 35-92. I Wells, 154-5, 45 1- I Bigelow's Franklin, 
 366; 11,50-2. IV John Adams' Works, 19; X, 284-96. HI 
 Sparks' Franklin, 57-68; IV, 281-301. II Marshall's Washing- 
 ton, 68. Frothingham, 121 -7, 158. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Attitude of people of England toward home and colonial taxation. 
 
 2. Relation of allegiance to sovereignty. 
 
 3. The growth in England of the royal prerogative. 
 
 4. Method of obtaining taxes from the colonies prior to 1 760. 
 
 13. {c) Writs of Assistance. 
 
 V Winsor, 11 -4. X John Adams' Works, rear index. I Pit- 
 kin, 157-61. HI Lecky, 329. Frothingham, 162, 168. II 
 Hildreth, 499. II Bancroft, 531-2 (10 vols., 378, 414-8). 
 Greene, 52. II Marshall's Washington, 69 note. Hosmer, 41. 
 Scott, 318 (Doc.) HI Lalor, 633. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY 29 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. The injustice of the vice-admiralty courts. 
 
 2. Origin of the term, " Writ of Assistance." 
 
 3. Legality of a " writ." 
 
 4. Chief points of Otis' argument against the " writs." 
 
 14. (//) Results of the Peace of Paris, 1763. 
 
 II Bancroft, 524-32, 562-6; III, 30-40 (10 vols., IV, 451- 
 62). II Hildreth, 514-24. Frothingham, 152-76. VI Winsor, 
 14-18. I Irving, 298-303. I Pitkin, 156-69. Greene, 47-51 
 III Lalor, 632. Scott, 247-53. I^I Lecky, 290. Hosmer, 5c- 
 73. IV Sparks' Franklin, 17, 157. II Grahame, 326. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Effect of the treaty on territorial adjustment. 
 
 2. Was there foresight in France relinquishing Canada in order to facilitate 
 
 independence of the British colonies? 
 
 3. The policy of England in restricting western settlement jn order to main- 
 
 tain the Indian trade. 
 
 15. ie) The Stamp Act. A Congress. Declaratory Act. 
 
 III Bancroft, 50-121, 149-214 (10 vols., V, 150-360, 402-60). 
 Ill Lecky 352-70. VI W'insor, 2934 73 (Bibliog). II Hild- 
 reth, 524-36. I Pitkin, 170-81, 195-214, 433 (Doc.) II Gra- 
 hame, 372-97, 405-23. Frothingham, 176-96. IV Sparks' 
 Franklin, 156, 161, 206,470, 518; VII, 297,305, 350; X, 429- 
 32, 491. I Wells, 56-82, 11418, 142-3. Niles' Princ, 155-68 
 (Doc). I Bigelow's Franklin, 453-60. I Irving, 303-10.* ' 
 John Adams' Works, 92-110; II, 175-203; X, 491. II Mar 
 shall's Washington, 75-87. Preston, 188. Hosmer, 91. Scott, 
 253-6, 322. Ill Lalor, 633, 787. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 I. Justice of colonial taxation to reduce the war debt. 
 
 Is there any hint of independence in the Declaration of Rights? 
 Origin of the thought of concerted action in a Congress. 
 Reasons for the claims in the Bill of Rights. 
 Justification of the Declaratory Acts. 
 Franklin's attitude toward the Stamp Act. 
 
 Is a stamp tax (a) Feasible? (b) Just? (c) The easiest form of taxa- 
 tion ? 
 
30 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 CONFLICTING VIEWS UPON THE POWER OF TAXATION AND THE RIGH > 
 OF REPRESENTATION. 
 
 1 6. (a) Goieral Arguments. 
 
 I Story's Com., §194-8, p. 116, note 4. VI Winsor, 24. 1 
 Wells, 56-60, 92-7, 425-32, 450-8' 503-7; II, 25-50, 86-8. I 
 Pitkin, 186-94. II Grahame, 459. Greene, 53-6. X John 
 Adams' Works, 367-95. Landon, 33. Ill Sparks' Franklin, 
 57 ; IV, 156, 206-8; VII, 308, 318. 
 
 17. {h) Franklin'' s Examination . lydd. 
 
 IV Sparks' Franklin, 161 ; VII, 328. I Bigelow's Franklin, 
 467-510. I Pitkin, 205, 457 (Doc.) Ill Bancroft, 201-4 (10 
 vols., V, 428). II Grahame, 407. I Reed, 58. Hosmer, 31. 
 
 18. {c) TJic Partner's Letters. J 7 6'/. 
 
 'Greene, 370-81. Frothingham, 208. I Bigelow's Franklin, 
 566-70. , II Wells, 57-61. IV Sparks' Franklin, 251-7 ; VII, 
 391 ; X, 433. II Hildreth, 540. I Pitkin, 218. I Reed, 64. 
 Ill Bancroft 265 (10 vols., VI, 104). Hosmer, 109-10. I 
 Barton's Franklin, 494. 
 
 19. id) Mas saehii setts Refuses to Rescind. iy68. 
 
 Ill Bancroft, 275, 284(10 vols., VI, 117-27, 143, 163). II 
 Hildreth, 541-6. VI Winsor, 43-4. Frothingham, 209-32. I 
 Pitkin, 219-77, 458 (Doc). I John Adams' Works, 343. I 
 Bigelow's Franklin, 551. II Marshall's Washington, loi-io. 
 
 II Grahame, 431-5. 
 
 20. (e) Townshend Revenue Acts. Tea. 1767-74. 
 
 Ill Bancroft, 245-56, 346, 443-58 (10 vols., chap. 50). VI 
 Winsor, 35, 38-41, 51-2, 90-3. II Grahame, 423, 455, 473 etc. 
 
 III Lecky, 381, 402, 420. Frothingham, 201-7, 240-53, 296- 
 317. Ill Lalor, 635. Niles' Princ, 96-7, 201-3, 239. I Pit- 
 kin, 216, 242-4, 262. I Sparks' Franklin, 383-5, 506 ; VIII, 
 24-96. I Wells, 142, 252; II, 80-130. II Hildreth, 537-40, 
 552-8; 111,25-32. II John Adams' Works, 323, 333-4, 34o ; 
 IX, 333. II Bigelow's Franklin, 133, 161, 267, 335. II Marshall's 
 Washington, 128, 143. I Hamilton's Hamilton, 20. White- 
 lock's Jay, 33. Scott, 273. Hosmer, 157, 236, 243. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 31 
 
 EXERCISES 
 
 1. Relation of the American cause to English reform. 
 
 2. Impracticability of the plan of American representation in the English 
 
 parliament. 
 
 3. Truth of the theory that colonies exist solely for the benefit of the mother 
 
 country. 
 
 4. Substantiate the leading statements made by Eranklin in his examination. 
 . 5. The East India Tea Company as a factor in American history. 
 
 6. The principle of unjust taxation as obnoxious as the practice. 
 
 21. British Troops iv f/ie Colonies. ly 68-70. 
 
 II Bancroft, 5O4 ; III, i^, 239, 279, 309-14, 350, 369-78, 390, 
 (10 vols., VI, chap. 43). II Hildreth, 546-8,554-6; 111,38. 
 VI Winsor, 48, 45, 49, 85 (Bibliog.) Niles' Princ, 15-79, i"i2- 
 3. Ill Lecky, 398. I Pitkin, 233, 244 I Wells, 131-43, 221, 
 262-3, 291, 307-33. VI Sparks' Franklin, 483-6 ; VII, 418. I 
 John Adams' Works, 88-106, 120-47 ; II. 229-34. II Marsh- 
 all's Washington, 91-3, 117, 133-6. Hosmer, 160-84. 
 
 22. Massachusetts sustained under the '' Intolerable Acts.'' 1774. 
 
 III Bancroft, 466-82 ; IV, 10-18, 24-5, 28-9 (10 vols., VI, 34, 
 43, 67-74). I Pitkin, 265-71, 467. II John Adams' Works, 
 339' 347 ; IV, 92. Ill Lecky, 421-37. Niles' Princ, 203, 258- 
 60, 414-24- Frothingham, 318-27, 344-58, 381-91. II Gra- 
 hame, 483-9- H Wells, 142, 153-71, 266, 396. Ill Lalor, 636. 
 II Sparks' Washington, 486 ; III, 486 ; XII, 400. I Reed, 61. 
 II Marshall's Washington, 147-51. I Flanders, 50-76, 470-5. 
 
 I Tucker's Jefferson, 54. I Randolph's Jefferson, 5. Hosmer, 
 271, 289. I Jefferson's Works. 6. II Hildreth, 33. I Ran- 
 dall, 84. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Justification of England in closing the port of Boston. 
 
 2. How could the Quebec Act affect the other American colonies? 
 
 3. The Quakers of Philadelphia on the need of Boston. 
 
 4. Compare political life in Boston under the changed government with that 
 
 before the Act. 
 
 REVOLUTIONARV MACHINERY. 
 
 23. (a) Associations. Non- Importation. 
 
 I, II Wells, index. Frothingham, 208, 256-9, 336, 372-4. 
 
 II John Adams' Works, 341 4, 364, 377, ^'^2-^1^, 451-2, 472-5 ; 
 
32 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISlS. 
 
 iX, 347-59. VI Winsor, 50, 76-80, 96. Ill Bancroft, 159, 
 277. 343. 34S-50, 359 (10 vols., V, 351; VI, 272, 308; VII, 
 60). Niles' Princ, 255-63, 272, 281. I Bigelow's Franklin, 
 551-6; II, 2)3> 39; 47- ii Marshall's Washington, 123, 130-2. 
 I Pitkin, 273, 289, 469. VII Sparks' Franklin, 371-87, 441-9, 
 486. Hosmer, loi, 153, 298-9 1 Jay's Jay, 29. Preston, 
 199. Ill Hildreth, 37, 53. 
 
 24. {/? ) Conuiiittecs of Correspondence, Safety, etc. 
 
 I Wells, 49, 170, 406, 488, 496-7, 509-11 ; II, 1-10,61-3, yi' 
 
 . 3. VI Winsor, 54-6, 89. Frothingham, 274-84. II John 
 
 Adams' Works, 316, 347 ; IV, 34, 94-5. Scott, 256, 271, 284. 
 
 I Tucker's Jefferson, 50-3. II Grahame, 471. I Randolph's 
 Jefferson, 4. II Marshall's Washington, 139. I Jefferson's 
 Works, 6. I Randall's Jefferson, 79. 
 
 25. {c) Sons of Liberty. 
 
 I Wells, 61-4, 189, 203, 269-71 ; II, 204. II John Adams' 
 Works, 178, 183, 213, 218. Frothingham, 175, 183-4, note. 
 Niles' Princ, 169, III Bancroft, 100,112, 198 (10 vols., VI, 40), 
 
 II Hildreth, 529. I Pitkin, 189. I Grahame, 399. VI Win- 
 sor, 30, 53, 72, 78. 
 
 26. (d) A^'ewspapers and Post- Riders. 
 
 VI Winsor, no note, 121, Frothingham, 128-9. II Gra- 
 hame, 396. II Bancroft, 84, 254, 258 (10 vols., VI, 241). I 
 Wells, 240-2, 400 ; II, 68. Ill Lalor, 313. Force's Archives, 
 4th series, vol. I, 500. Crane & Moses, 132. Hosmer, 10. 
 
 III John Adams' Works, 457 ; IV, 29-32. 
 
 27. ie) Calling a Congress. 1774. 
 
 VI Winsor, 59, 68. Frothingham, 285, 329-43. Force's 
 Archives, 4th series, vol. I, 333, 416, 421, 426. I Curtis' 
 Const., II note (1889, I, 6-7). I Sparks' Franklin, 350 ; VIII, 
 55, 63. Greene, 78-9. Hosmer, 237. IV Bancroft, 9-36 (10 
 vols., VII, 40, 76-85). Jameson, §9-16, 126. I Pitkin, 272, 
 I John Adams' Works, 200-6. I Jay's Jay, 24. II Marshall's 
 Washington, 152. II Grahame, 438. Whitelock's Jay, 46. 
 Ill Hildreth, 34. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 33 
 
 EXERCISES 
 
 ;. Weight of an}' of these agencies in the revolution. 
 - . Origin of the call for a congress. 
 
 3. Why was not New York selected for the congress as in 1765? 
 
 4. Causes for the frequent failures of non-importation agreements. 
 
 5. The different claims for the originator of the Committees of Correspond- 
 
 ence. 
 
 28. The First Cojitinental Congress and its Documents. 1774. 
 
 IV Bancroft, 61-82 (10 vols., VII, 106-52, 186). VI Winsor, 
 99-106, 231-7. I Curtis' Const., 10-25 (1889, I, 8-16). 8 Johns 
 Hopkins University Studies, I-II. I Tucker's Jefferson, 78-86. 
 Frothingham, 358-81. I Pitkin, 282-8. I Randall's Jefferson, 
 98. I Lalor, 590; III, 636. I Jefferson's Works, 10. I 
 Henry's Henry, 218-47. H Wells, 207-48. II John Adams' 
 Works, 338-401. Forces' Archives, 4th series, vol. I, 893-939. 
 Preston, 192. I Adams' John Adams, 206-31. I Jay's 
 Jay, 30. I Irving, 359-69. Hosmer, 313-9. V Sparks' Frank- 
 lin, 26-106. Ill Hildreth, 42-6. Whitelock's Jay, 55. I 
 Reed, 75. Greene, 79-88. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Effect of the Norfolk Resolutions in committing the Congress to the cause. 
 
 2. Natural causes for the refusal of Canada to join the other colonies. 
 
 3. Philadelphia hospitality as an agent for harmony. 
 
 4. Did the first Congress assume the nature of a sovereign body? 
 
 5. A study of the varied instructions to the delegates. 
 
 THE REVOLUTIONARY GOVERNMENT. I 7 75-8 I. 
 
 29. {a) Its Origin and Authority. 
 
 I Curtis' Const., 39-41, 54-5, 61-3 (1889, I. 20). I Story, 
 §201, 207-18. Pomeroy, §45-58. Jameson, chap. 11. 
 Frothingham, 561. VI Winsor, 233. 8 Johns Hopkins Uni- 
 versity Studies, I-II. Ill Wells, 76-7, 250-76. I Elliott, 93- 
 7 (abridged from Story). Greene, 96. 3 Dallas, 54, Penhallow 
 vs. Doane. Adams' M. & M. 217. II Lalor, 930; III, 788. 
 I Adams' John Adams, 237-43. Whitelock's Jay, 73. 
 Ill Hildreth, 77. I Von Hoist's Hist., 4-19. Bancroft (10 vols., 
 VII. 353-4). 
 
34 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. The full meaning of the term "sovereignty." 
 
 2. Was the sovereignty of the congress revolutionary, delegated or inherent? 
 
 3. Was there a " revolutionary government " for a period? 
 
 30. {b ) Organizes an Army and Appoints a Commander. 
 
 I Curtis' Const., 41-8, 58-76, 91-113 (1889, 1,21-7). IV 
 Bancroft, 174-84, 205-13 (10 vols., VII, 389-90, 393-404). Niles' 
 Princ, 461, I Sparks' Washington, 138-45; III, 1-6, 479-81. 
 Ill Hildreth, 69, 85. Parton's Jefferson, 161, 168-9. Greene, 
 210-44. II Grahanie, 517, 536-8, 591. Frothingham, 429-31. 
 I Irving, 410-4. I Pitkin, 333-7. I John Adams' Works, 172- 
 181, 245; II, 407-16, 513 ; IX, 357-9, 366. Forces' Archives, 
 4th series, II, 620, 979, 1019-20, 1848. II Marshall's Washing- 
 ton, 199-201. I Hamilton's Hamilton, 1 17. Whitelock's Jay, 
 77. I Randall, 1 1 7. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Was there "policy" shown in the choice (a) of Washington? (b) Of a 
 
 man from Virginia? 
 
 2. Best points in the Causes of taking up Arms. 
 
 3. Efficiency of the " Minute Men " as a basis for military organization. 
 Embarrassment of W^ashington caused by the interference of Congress in 
 
 his early campaigns. 
 
 31. {c) Authorizes State Govern mejits. 
 
 VI Winsor, 272 (Bibliog. for different colonies). Jameson, 
 §125-58. IV Bancroft, 273, 343-6, 394-6,415-22; V, 111-25 
 (10 vols., VIII, 137; IX, chap. 15). I Curtis, 116-23 (1889, 
 I, 24, 80). Ill Hildreth, 124. Frothingham, 43, 563-8. 
 Greene, 98, 120-8. John Adams (index, end of vol. X under 
 "States"). I Flanders, 168, 524-31. II Marshall's Washing- 
 ton, 369. I Adams' John Adams, 262. I Jay's Jay, 43. 
 Ill Dallas, 199. I Story's Com., §211. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Right of the congress to authorize state governments. 
 
 2. Points of resemblance and difference m the state constitutions. 
 
 3. Influence of the charters upon the state constitutions. 
 
 4. Trace the formation and adoption of state government in either Massachu- 
 
 setts, New York, Pennsylvania or Virginia. 
 
VMERICAN HISTORY. 35 
 
 5. Did the congress realize the importance of the advice when it was give 
 
 6. The states as sovereign bodies before the adoption of the Articles of C 
 
 federation. 
 
 en? 
 )n- 
 
 32. {d) Declares Independence, 17 yd. 
 
 IV Bancroft, 312-16,332-46, 412-52 (10 vol., VIII, chaps. 60, 
 64, 65, 68-70). I Curtis' Const., 49-52, 81-8 (1889, I, 34-6, 
 56). X John Adams' Works, rear index under ''American 
 Independence." I Randall's Jefferson, 122, 124-93. ^^ 
 Winsor, 239-52, 257-74. Parton's Jefferson, 179-94. Froth- 
 ingham, 451-60. Ill Leckv, 447,489-99. Force's Archives, 
 4th Ser., IV, 1524, 1667-1732. I Jefferson's Works, 12. Niles' 
 Princ, 103-6, 282. II Wells, 360-3, 370-5, 393-401, 432-5. I 
 Henry's Henry, 362-6, 387-405. I Tucker's Jefferson, 89-108. 
 I Rives' Madison, 108-20. Ill Hildreth, 124-37, 390. II 
 Grahame, 551-5. I Madison Papers, 9. I Adams' John Adams, 
 284-329. II Marshall's Washington, 365-79. Whitelock's 
 Jay, 82. Hosmer, 345-9. II Parton's Franklin, 359. Jame- 
 son, §115. Greene, 99-103. I Pitkin, 359-72 (Doc.) I Lalor, 
 743- 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. When did the thought of independence arise and when did it become 
 
 general? 
 
 2. The authenticity and weight of the Mecklenburg declaration. 
 
 3. How did the signers reconcile the principles of the declaration with the 
 
 practice of slavery? 
 
 4. Substantiate the charges made against the king. 
 
 5. The question of the authorship of the declaration. 
 
 6. Did the states sign the declaration as individuals or collectively ? 
 ^l- {e) Seeks Foreign Aid. 
 
 II Bigelow, 371-509 (intervals). VII Winsor, 26, etc. IV 
 Lecky, 41-54. I Randall's Jefferson, 197. I Pitkin, 386-422. 
 Greene, 173-204. VIII Sparks' Franklin, 135. II Grahame, 
 532-6. IV Bancroft, 359-73 (10 vol., VIII, chap. 41). HI 
 Hildreth, 131, 177-81, 246. I Reed, 163. II Adams' John 
 Adams, 278-83, 347, 388-499. I Jay's Jay, 95-133. Parton's 
 Jefferson, 195. 
 
 34. (/) Forms Articles of Confederation, I yy^-y. 
 
 V Bancroft, 10-5, 199-208 (10 vol., VIII, 389; IX, 46-57; 
 
36 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 X, 168-80, 396-425. I Jefferson, 26-35. I Story's Com. 
 §218-25. I Curtis, 53, 114 (1889, I, 36, 86). Stevens, 50-81. 
 Frothingham, 569-73. Towle, 318. 1 Elliot, 97-115. I 
 Lalor, 574. II Pitkin, 9-15. Greene, 104-11. I Randolph's 
 Jefferson, 22-9. I Madison Papers, 27. Ill Hildreth, 139, 
 266, 395-7. VI Sparks' Franklin, 91-5. Ill John Adams' 
 Works, 220: IV, 201, 208; IX, 387, 463. II Parton's Franklin, 
 125. Landon, 46-9. Adams' M. & M., 220-2. Hosmer, 382. 
 
 EXERCISES 
 
 1. The weight ot Art. II in determining the action of the colonies. 
 
 2. Causes of long delay in forming the articles. 
 
 3. Power of the congress to form a permanent government, 
 
 4. Attitude of Virginia toward the plans of representation. 
 
 35. Articles adopted. Confederation instituted, lyjy-Si . 
 
 I Curtis, 124-46, 491-516 (Doc), (1889, I, 72, 87-103). II 
 Pitkin, 16-36. I Story, §225-43. V Bancroft, 283, 297-8, 
 (Const., I, chap. i). Frothingham, 575-7. Ill Hildreth, 398. 
 I Rives, 253-66. I Draper, 260-5. Stevens, 91 -i 16. Preston, 
 218. Niles' Princ, 357. Towle, 328 (Doc.) II Henry, 74-94. 
 Ill Lalor, 915. Pomeroy, §64-6. I Bryce, 662 (Doc.) I 
 Madison Papers, 50. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. The causes of the long delay in adopting the Articles of Confederation. 
 
 2. Advantages of a bicameral form of legislative power. 
 
 3. Trace the adoption of the Articles in Rhode Island. 
 
 4. Which one of the colonies deserves most credit in ceding its land? 
 
 5. Was the danger of a monarchy real or imaginary when the loose Articles 
 
 were formed? 
 
 6. In what respects was the government of the Confederation an improve- 
 
 ment over that of the Congress? 
 
 THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT. 
 
 36. {a) Makes Peace, 1783. 
 
 VII Winsor, 89-184. V Bancroft, 461-75, 495, 523-53, 561- 
 81 (10 vol., X, 204-21, 526-92). IX Sparks' Franklin, 4-532, 
 intervals; X, 19-100; VIII, 247-403. Fiske's Crit. Per., i- 
 50. II Adams' John Adams, 7-72. I Jay's Jay, 133-82; II, 
 99-141. Ill Bigelow's Franklin, 66-229, 262-7. Greene, 204- 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 37 
 
 9. I Lodge's Hamilton, 126-40. IV Lecky, 271-84. Ill Hil- 
 dreth, 411-21, 433. I Rives' Madison, 344-79. I Randolpli's 
 Jefferson, 45. Whitelock's Jay, 152. I Jefferson's Works, 55. 
 Ill Hamilton's Works, 445. II Pitkin, 37-60. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. The share of each of the American diplomats. 
 
 2. What advantages did the treaty give England? 
 
 3. The justice of the provision for payment of British claims. 
 
 4. Changes in the administration of England which made peace possible, 
 
 5. Differences which caused the prolonged negotiations. 
 
 37. ip) Fails in its Finances. 
 
 Curtis' Const., 156-99, 240-8 (1889, II, 104-27, 157-67). I 
 Madison Papers, 94, 104, 111-4, 282-378. IV Bancroft, 204, 
 237, V, 290-4, 439-42, 556-8, 561; VI, 70-7 (Const., I, 29- 
 45, 184-98). I McMaster, 139-44, i^i, 187-200, 221-95, 356- 
 70. VII Winsor, 216, 219, 235. Sumner's Currency, 43-54. 
 I Bolles, 267-358. I Morse's Hamilton, 241-55, 327, 349-72, 
 413; II, 18. Fiske's Crit. Per., 163-77, 218-20. HI Hildreth, 
 405, 421, 427-32, 445-8. II Pitkin, 154-62, 174-84. I Story, 
 §253-9. I J^y's Jay, 465. Lodge's Hamilton, 39. V Mar- 
 shall's Washington, 59-64. I Morse's Hamilton, 69-77, 86-124. 
 I Randolph's Jefferson, 67. I Sparks' Washington, 381-92; 
 VI, 251, 410, 466, 482; VII, 32, 171, 399, VIII, 224, 378, 
 389. I Rives' Madison, 383-408 ; II, 125,209-20. IV Irving, 
 375-87. I Von Hoist's History, 40-2. Greene, 129-34, 166-72. 
 I Madison's Writings, to 319, intervals. Landon, 54-8. Sum- 
 ner, Wm. G.: The Financier and Finances of the American 
 Revolution. 2 vols. New York, 189 1. Dodd, M. & Co. 
 
 EXERCISES: 
 
 1. Grounds for the refusal to place the taxing power in the hands of Con- 
 
 gress. 
 
 2. The paper money evil. 
 
 3. Causes of the failure of the " Revenue Scheme." 
 
 4. The action of Washington on the Newburg addresses. 
 
 5. Influence of the Philadelphia riots on the final location of the national 
 
 capital. 
 
 6. Show that the grounds of the financial difficulties were inherent in the 
 
 Articles of Confederation. 
 
38 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 38. (c) Fails in its Foreign Relations. 
 
 I Curtis' Const., 249-59, 309-27 (1889, I, 168-74, 208-20). 
 VI Bancroft, 147-53. 421-3 (Const., I, 46-69, 200-9). VIII 
 John Adams' Works, 268-481, intervals. I McMasters, 221-45, 
 371-89, 412-16. Fiske's Crit. Per., 119-43. 154-63- I 
 Morse's Hamilton, 80-6. I Rives' Madison, 235-52 ; II, 109, 
 114, 594. II Pitkin, 185-210. II Madison Papers, 616, 622, 
 635-58, 711-30. I Story's Com., §262. II Adams' 
 John Adams, 73-127. II Marshall, 94-102. I Lalor, 93 ; II, 
 634. 3 Cranch, 454. 3 Dallas, 199. II Henry, 282-302. 
 Whitelock's Jay, 176. Ill Hamilton's Works, 506; IV, 3. 
 Adams' M. & M., 228-84. I Flanders, 361-74. Ill Hildreth, 
 455. 464- 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Difficulties attending the " Nine States " rule. 
 
 2. The danger of a separated west. 
 
 3. The unjust commercial discrimination of England. 
 
 4. Treatment of the Loyalists. 
 
 5. Washington on a " closed Mississippi." 
 
 39. {d) Fails for want of a Coereive Power. 
 
 I Curtis' Const., 146-57, 200-30 (1889, I, 135-56). I Story, 
 §243-253, 265-6. VII Sparks' Washington, 410 ; IX, 140, 167, 
 187,298,521. I Madison's Writings, 319-28. I Elliot, 518- 
 22; IV, 110-12. Pomeroy, §58-64, 66-154. II Pitkin. 214-8. 
 II Marshall's Washington, 75-94. Ill Wells, 248-9. The Fed- 
 eralist, Nos. 15-22. II Lalor, 647. I Draper, 266-76. VII 
 Winsor, 215. I Von Hoist's History, 23-36. Stevens, 84-90. 3 
 Dallas, 181. VIII John Adams' Works, 348, 419. Bancroft 
 (Const., I, 76-91, 146-67). Fiske's Crit. Per., 90-100. Hamil- 
 ton's Hamilton, 353. Crane & Moses, 135-41, 225. I Hamil- 
 ton's Works, 203-77. Adams' M. & M., 236-40. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Credit for movements toward a stronger form of government. 
 
 2. Could the articles have been " amended " in this particular? 
 
 3. Justice of " coercion " in a republic. 
 
 4. Gradual decay of congress. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 39 
 
 40. (<f) Fails to harmonize ivith State Soi^ereignty. 
 
 I McMaster, 155-64, 211, 263, 308-26. 1 Curtis' Const., 260- 
 75 (1889, I, 174-83). VI Bancroft, 167-76, 193, 200 (Const., I, 
 228-41). I Rives, 269-87 ; II, 121-6, 164-80. Ill Hildreth, 
 468-78, 539. VII Winsor, 227-30. Ill Wells, 159-63, 222- 
 47. I Schouler, 17, 21, 32. V Elliot, iii, 119-26, 356, 378, 
 493. VI John Adams, 489-90 ; VII, 418-21, 507-8; IX, 551, 
 573. I Story, §270. Fiske's Crit. Per., 145-54, 177-95, 208-11. 
 I Madison Papers, 86 ; II, 581, 615-25. Landon, 61. Mar- 
 shall's Washington, 111-27. I^ Hamilton's Hamilton, 363-72. 
 O'Neil, 3-6. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Inadequate provisions for admitting new states. 
 
 2. Conflicting arrangement in the Confederation built upon state sovereignty 
 
 yet failing to maintain it. 
 
 3. Awakening effect of Shay's rebellion. 
 
 4. A brief sketch of the state of Frankland. 
 
 5. Washington's prediction of "anarchy." 
 
 41. (/) Organizes the North- West Territory, 1^84-7 . 
 
 I Curtis' Const., 291-308, (1889, i, 196-9). Donaldson, 146- 
 60. 4 Johns Hopkins University Studies, VII-IX. Ill Mc- 
 Master, 89-117. Ill Hildreth, 527-31. I Draper, 180-2. Ill 
 Lalor, 914-9. II Henry, 95-1 10. I Randall, 397. VI Benton's 
 Debates, 537. Preston, 240. VII Winsor, 527-37. VI Bancroft 
 277-91 (Const., 11,98-118). I Benton's View, 133-5. m Web- 
 ster, 264. Landon, 185. Fiske's Crit. Per., 196-207. Ill 
 Madison's Writings, 154-65. II Benton's View, 770. Poole, W^m. 
 Frederick: Ordinance of 1787. Cambridge, Mass., 1876, Welch, 
 Bigelow &' Co. Coles, Edward: History of North-West Terri- 
 tory. Philadelphia, 1856, Pennsylvania Historical Society. 
 Barrett, Jay A: Evolution of Ordinance of 1787. New York, 
 1891, Putnam. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. The value of the Ordinance in shaping American history. 
 
 2. Could the non-slavery provision have been repealed under the constitution? 
 
 3. Was it a "compact " with the future states? 
 
 4. The proposed states under the Ordinance. 
 
 5. Washington's foresight upon the importance of the western lands. 
 
40 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 42. (g) Assents to the Call of a Convention, Annapolis, etc, 1786. 
 I Curtis' Const., 328-66 (1889, 1,220-40). VI Bancroft, 140- 
 7, 183-203 (Const., I, 249-56, 267-78). VII Winsor, 224-31. I 
 McMaster, 276-80, 390, 399. I Morse's Hamilton, 155-82. II 
 Madison Papers, 587-706. Fiske's Crit. Per., 212-21. IV 
 Elliot, 591, extensive Bibliog.; V, 106, 113-6, 118. I Rives' 
 Madison, 540-52 ; II, 57-69, 96-104, 127, 181. II Hamilton's 
 Hamilton, 372-81, 448. I Madison's Writings, 225-53. Pome- 
 roy, §76-8. I Sparlvs' Washington, 428-35 ; IX, 162, 223-6, 
 2367,542,513. Towle, 324-7, 341, Doc. V Marshall's Wash- 
 ington, 90-101. Lodge's Hamilton, 54. Frothingham, 584-7. 
 Adams' M. & M., 29-34. Landon, 59-60. IV Irving, 446-56. 
 I Hamilton's Works, 288, 319-31. II Hildreth, 477-9. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. The various plans tor changing the Articles without a substitution. 
 
 2. Was a monarchy contemplated? 
 
 3. Hamilton's work in New York. 
 
 4. Reasons why commercial friction, rather than any of the other disputes, 
 
 should lead to a Convention. 
 
 5. Why was not the revision of the system of government entrusted to 
 
 Congress ? 
 THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION. I 787. 
 
 43. {a) Its Powei's and its Difficulties. 
 
 I Curtis' Const., 330-3, 362-74; II, 13-30 (1889, I, 245-253, 
 319-32). I Story, §249, p. 192, n. 4. VI Bancroft, 208-10, 233, 
 (Const., II, 3-10). II Lodge's Hamilton, 180-90, 215. Jameson, 
 §383-6. Pomeroy, §79-84. I Von Hoist's History, 48. Fiske's 
 Crit. Per., 230-6. I Madison's Writings, 284-5, Z^l- I Lalor, 
 626. IX Sparks' Washington, 230, 512-3, 542. V Sparks' 
 Franklin, 142. II Henry, 310-7. V Elliot, 106-7. Towle, 
 348. VIII John Adams' Works, 419, 438. I Bryce, 20. H 
 Marshall's Washington, loi-io. I Jefferson's Works, 149, 21 1, 
 257-64. Landon, 61. Taylor, 59-69. I Stephens, 96-115. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. What restrictions, if any, were on the powers of the Convention? 
 
 2. The lack of precedent for a written constitution. 
 
 3. The various views of the members upon the powers of the Convention. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 4I 
 
 4. Theory of the authority of a Constitutional Convention. 
 
 5. The difficulties arising from lack of common interests. 
 
 6. Could a legal convention have been held without the consent of Congress? 
 
 7. Had the convention a more legal aspect than the first Continental Congress? 
 
 44. {l)) Members and Organization. 
 
 I Curtis' Const., 374-488 (1889, I, 253-318). I Draper, 
 278-84. II Rives' Madison, 208-312. Ill Hildreth, 482-4. I 
 Schouler, 36-8. I Elliot, 155-179; IV, 123; etc. I Mc- 
 Master, 417-23. I Sparks' Washington, 435 ; XII, 426. I 
 Lalor, 637. II Marshall's Washington, 125. Frothinghani, 
 589-91. I Von Hoist, 49-52. II Madison's Writings, ^z'^-^y'^. 
 II Bancroft, 207 (Const,, II, 10). II Flanders, 127. Towle, 
 252. Ill Bigelow, 7^%2)> n- Landon, 62-4. Fiske's Crit. Per., 
 222-9. I Garland's Randolph, 27. II Madison Papers, 721- 
 7, 746-92. 
 
 45. {c) The Plans presented. 
 
 VI Bancroft, 212-5, 233-5 (Const., II, 11 -4, 42). II Curtis* 
 Const., 32, Q2-4 (1889, I, 333, 370, 379). I Elliot, 180-2, 
 213; IV, 121, 127, 191, 205, 376, 584 Doc. II Pitkin, 225, 
 228 Doc. I Lodge's Ham,, 190-237. II Rives' Maft., 313, 
 343-53. I Madison's Writings, 172, 201-3, 281-6, 339, 378. I 
 McMaster, 439, 444-5. Fiske's Crit. Per., 236-49. Ill Hil- 
 dreth, 484, 492-3. Towle, 255-9, 262, 269. Landon, 64. I 
 Hamilton's Works, 331-63. I Hamilton's Hamilton, 467. 
 
 46. {d) The Co7npromises effected. 
 
 I Elliot, 220-40, 247, 266, 293-302, 207, 381-409, 417-20, 
 460-532; V, 248-319, 394-7» 414-28, 454-62, 471-8. 488-92. 
 VI Bancroft, 239-69, 299-323 (Const., II, 47-88, 128-59). ^I 
 Curtis' Const., 145-69, 279-317, (1889. I, 418, 506). II 
 Madison Papers, 997, 9-12; III, 1267-98, 1395-7, 1415-51, 
 1536. I Story, §634-43, 1916-28. Ill Madison's Writings, 
 634; IV, 54, 429. I Lalor, 547, 639; II, 315; III, 733 
 (iv). Fiske's Crit. Per., 250-68. Pomeroy, §189-96. II Rives' 
 Madison, 358-409, 444-9. I Von Hoist's Hist., 289-301. II 
 Pitkin, 247, 261. Ill Hildreth, 494-520. Landon, 67, 80. I 
 Wilson, 39-53. I Greeley, 43-5. II Stephens, 94-106. II 
 
42 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 Curtis' Webster, 382. IV Everett's Works, 390. I Williams, 
 417-26. Fowler, 14-30. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Could the non-slavery states have done more toward freeing the country 
 
 from the evil? 
 
 2. Why w^as the year 1808 fixed upon? 
 
 3. What share had each of the plans in the Constitution as finally adopted ? 
 
 4. Were the compromises final? 
 
 5. Importance of the convention in the eyes of the people as evidenced by 
 
 the choice of delegates. 
 
 6. The reputed "monarchical tendencies " of Hamilton. 
 
 7. Franklin as a compromise manager. 
 
 8. Was the plan of representation finally adopted the best one proposed? 
 
 THEORIES OF THE CONSTITUTION. 
 
 47. (a) Association, Corjipact or Sovereign ? 
 
 I Story, §306-518, page 747. I Von Hoist's History, 64-81. 
 Stephens, entire book. Jameson, §63. Pollard's L. C, 35-41. 
 Pomeroy, §27-45, 85-96. I Draper, 285-90. Landon, 6-17. 
 IV Elliot, 107, 176-70, 352-5. Fowler, 46-53, 210-13, 232-68. 
 I Wheaton, 314-82. Csntz, 3-22, 41-73, 137-372. Jameson, 
 §63. I Lalor, 610 ; III, 1003. VI Bancroft, 447-51 (Const.. 
 II, 330-5). Tyler's Taney, 146-8, 348. IV Madison's Writings, 
 63, 296, 390, 422-3. VIII Benton's Deb., 408. I Curtis' 
 Webster, 450. I Garland's Randolph, 35-9. I Tucker's Jeff- 
 erson, 280. Crane & Moses, 142-54, 227-52. I Madison 
 Papers, 833-1017. DeTocqueville, 193. Ill Winsor, 252. I 
 Benton's View, 360. II Curtis's Constitution, 372 (1889, I, 
 553). II Jefferson's Works, 217-465, intervals. I Bryce, 29. 
 I Randall's Jefferson, 487-9. I Curtis' Buchanan, 401-7. VI 
 John Adams' Works, 421 ; VIII, 464. Ill Webster's Works, 
 448; V, 324. IV Wheaton, 316. Cutts, 11. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. If the delegates had been chosen by the Continental Congress, would it 
 
 have modified the nature of the Constitution ? 
 
 2. Who are the " people of the United States?" 
 
 3. A comparison of sovereignty under the Revolutionary Government, the 
 
 Articles of Confederation, and the Constitution. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 43 
 
 4. The weight of the debates in convention on the interpretation of the 
 
 Constitution. 
 
 5. Weight of the "Origin of the Convention " on interpretation. 
 
 6. Varied views of Adams and Jefferson as shown in their inter-correspond 
 
 ence. 
 
 48. {^) Of the Legislative Power. 
 
 II Curtis's Constitution, 170-279 (1889, I, 425-552). I Story's 
 Constitution, §545-1409. Jameson, §1, 6. Pomeroy, §104-6, 
 183-7. IV Elliot, index. 3 Johns Hopkins University Studies, 
 IX-X ; 9, I-II. I Lalor, 592 ; II, 474. VI Bancroft, 292-325 
 (Const., II, 119-64). Towle, 37-160. Crane & Moses, 155-92, 
 218. VI John Adams' Works, 421-42. I Bryce, 92-225. II 
 Burgess, 41-58, 133-68. Taylor, 70-1. Fiske's Critical Period, 
 268-77. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Why should the power of originating revenue bills be given exclusively to 
 
 the House? 
 
 2. Jefferson's dread of " legislative tyranny " in the light of experience. 
 
 3. The question of relative rank of the two houses as shown in the debates 
 
 during the Convention. 
 
 4. Is there any limit to the amount of taxes Congress may lay? 
 
 49. [c) Of the Executive Power. 
 
 II Curtis's Constitution, 388-419 ; (1889, I, 563). I Story's 
 Commentaries, §1410-1573. Towle, 161-87. Pomeroy, §105. 
 II Lalor, 132 (iii). VI Bancroft, 326-47 (Const., I, 165-94). 
 I De Tocqueville, 106, 151-74. Stanwood, 1-8.. VI John 
 Adams' Works, 421-42 ; III, 407. Colton's Correspondence, 
 378. Fiske's Critical Period, 277-99. II Burgess, 216-64. 
 Taylor, 69. O'Neil, 8-31, 247. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Is the president responsible for the action of his cabinet? 
 
 2. The value of the triple division of power in the constitution. 
 
 3. Origin and cause of an electoral collesre. 
 
 4. Why is the Secretary of the Treasury sometimes called a Legislative- 
 
 Executive officer? 
 
 5. The desirability of Jefferson's " ineligible for a second term " wish. 
 
 6. Adams' plan for making the executive a part of the legislative. 
 
44 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 50. (d) Of the Judicial Power. 
 
 II Curtis's Constitution, 421-45 (1889, I, 584). I Story's 
 Commentaries, §1573-1796. Towle, 187-98. Pomeroy, §108, 
 729-60. II Lalor, 640, 647. VI Bancroft, 348-56 (Constitu- 
 tion, II, 195-203). 6 Wheaton, 264; 9, 733. Johns Hopkins 
 . University Studies, extra volume 7. I DeTocqueville, 123-32, 
 175-92. IV Elliot, index. Crane & Moses, 216. I Bryce, 
 225-291. Landon, 72-6, 226-30. Fiske's Critical Period, 
 300. IX John Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 243. II Madison 
 Papers, 733-1238. Cooley's Constitution, 27. II Burgess, 
 320-38. Taylor, 72-4. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Where does the final arbiter in inter-state contests reside? 
 
 2. The just extension of maritime jurisdiction to internal navigation. 
 
 3. The usefulness of the circuit court. 
 
 4. Influence of the Supreme Court interpretation on the Constitution. 
 
 51. {e) Of the Right of Representation and Suffrage. 
 
 I Story's Commentaries, §573-86,624-30. II Curtis's Consti- 
 tution, 35, 48, 198 (1889, I, 335). I Lalor, 764; III, 411. I 
 Benton's Deb., 184-466. VI Bancroft, 297. Pomeroy, §102, 
 206-12. IV Elliot, index. I De Tocqueville, 252-423. II 
 Madison Papers, 632-1233. Taylor, 74-5. Cutts, 13. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Compare the result of the present system of electing a president with that 
 
 contemplated by the framers of the Constitution and of the twelfth 
 amendment. 
 
 2. How can a minority of the people elect a president? 
 
 3. The caucus system. 
 
 4. The abolition of property and religious qualifications. 
 
 4. The clause "entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the 
 several states" as interpreted by the Supreme Court decisions. 
 
 52. (/) Of the first Ten Amendments as a Bill of Rights, iy8g-Qi. 
 
 I Story's Commentaries, §1857-1909. II Curtis's Constitu- 
 tion, 535-40 (1889, I 649). Pomeroy, §109-15, 228-70. I 
 Elliot, 376-8, 500-4; VI, 538, 552-3, 566,573. I Lalor, 285, 
 esp. 287 n.. 607, 635. The Federalist, Nos. 8, 84. Jameson, 
 96-9. I McMaster, 491, 555. I Schouler, 102-4. II Jefferson's 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 45 
 
 Works, 329, 358 ; III, 4, 13. loi' 201. II Henry, 320-2, 409- 
 64. , I DeTocqueville, 230-41. I Burgess, 142-55^ 184-203. I 
 Bryce, 355. Landon, 100. Towle, 218, 230-44. Crane & 
 Moses, 289. Ill Wells, 271-2. IX Sparks' Washington, 418- 
 20, 429, 549. I Tucker's Jefferson, 305. II Pitkin, 267. I 
 Benton's Deb., 47-144. 445- 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Why did the Constitution contain no Bill of Rights? 
 
 2. Which is the preferable method of amendment, legislative or convention? 
 
 3. Is the assent of the president necessary to an amendment? 
 
 4. The natural safegard in the expressed power to amend the constitution. 
 
 53. The Ratification of the Constitution. 
 
 I Elliot, 336-74, 519. 531-6; V, 128-56,270-91; vols. II, 
 III, IV give proceedings in each state. II Curtis's Constitution 
 177 85, 491-604 (1889, I, 623-99). VII Winsor, 246-7, 251. 
 II Madison Papers, 631-3, 796, 909-1 11 7. I Story, §275-8, 
 281-306; II, page 652, note. VI Bancroft, 371-438, 452-62 
 (Constitution, II, 225-50). II Rives' Madison, 477-84, 511- 
 613, 624-57. I McMaster, 454-5oi- ^ Hildreth, 530-9. 
 Fiske's Critical Period, 306-46. I Hamilton's Works, 400- 
 509. Centz, 74-137. Adams' Gallatin, 76-83. I Garland's Ran- 
 dolph, 28-39. I ^^o^ Hoist's History, 52 63. X Sparks' 
 Franklin, 337-409. I Lalor, 606. Ill Wells, 250-69. Stevens, 
 207-97. IX Sparks' Washington, 265-420, 544. II Henry, 
 338-409; III, 431-600. — Pamphlets on the Constitution (1787- 
 8). Brooklyn, 1888; Paul Leicester Ford, (valuable bibliog). 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. How were South Carolina and Georgia secured for the Constitution? 
 
 2. Were any of the objections of Patrick Henry well taken? 
 
 3. W'ho ratified the Constitution? 
 
 4. The general dissatisfaction with the Constitution a fortunate thing. 
 
 5. Demonstrate by comparative quotations the superiority of the Constitu- 
 
 tion over the Articles of Confederation. 
 
 6. The Constitution the outgrowth of experience. 
 
 7. Making the Constitution the " supreme law of the land." 
 
 8. Trace the adoption of the Constitution in any one state. 
 
 9. If the ratification had been by state legislatures, could they have after- 
 
 wards revoked their action? 
 
46 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 54. TJie Federalist. 
 
 VII Winsor, 259 (bibliog.) II Rives' Madison, 484-504. I 
 Morse's Hamilton, 240, 266-7. ^ Madison's Writings, index 
 on last pages of vol. IV. IX Hamilton's Works, entire. I 
 Schouler, 55-8. I McMaster, 482-4. II Lalor, 165. Fiske's 
 Crit. Per., 341-3. IX Sparks' Washington, 284-5. T^odge's 
 Hamilton, 67. I Jay's Jay, 260. Ill Hildreth, 535. Froth- 
 ingham, 599. VI Bancroft, 452. 
 
 THE UNITED STATES IN 1 789. 
 
 55. {a) Territory and People. 
 
 I Draper, 242-257. I Greely, 17-21. IV Irving, 412-26. 
 1 McMaster, chap. i. I Schouler, 115, 222-37. I Gibbs, 22. 
 Parton's Jackson, 197, 214. 
 
 56. ip) Beginning of Political Parties. 
 
 VII Winsor, 185-214. Niles, 240-3. I Lalor, 99 ; II, 166 
 (i) ; HI, 112, 993. I Lodge's Hamilton, 379-425. Froth- 
 ingham, 287, 399-402. II Grahame, 390. Lodge's English 
 Colonies, 519-21. IV Jefferson's Works, 293. I Schouler, 47- 
 57. X John Adams, 23, 241. I Von Hoist, 54, 73,80-4. I Ran- 
 dall, 554-94. I Johnston, 55. II Marshall, 102. II Bryce, 3. 
 IV Madison's Writings, 442, 481. I Parton's Burr, 167, 207. 
 I De Tocqueville, 221-9. ^^^ Jefferson's Works, 277, 290. I 
 Sargent, 18. Whitelock's Jay, 216. I Garland's Randolph, 
 74-5. Gillet, 1-8. Landon, 107 -11. Crane & Moses, 265. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. When may political parties be said to have been permanently established? 
 
 2. Use and abuse of parties. 
 
 3. Influence of the Tory feeling. 
 
 4. Were the " strict " and " loose " construction factions political parties? 
 
 5. Hamilton as the "founder of Federalism." 
 
 THE GOVERNMENT UNDER THE CONSTITUTION. 
 
 57. Organizing the New Government. First Election, ijSg. 
 
 I Schouler, 66-119. I McMaster, 502,525-45. II Adams' 
 John Adams, 128-44. I Sparks' Washington, 438-55 ; X, 26, 
 
 i 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 47 
 
 34-6, 45, 66, 86. Stanwood, 8-17. V Marshall's Washington, 
 120-259. Fiske's Critical Periods, 346-51. II Pitkin, 291, 317- 
 37. I Lalor, 587 ; II, 131, 647, 663; III, 787, 933, 1087, 1092. 
 Snow, 13-21. I Jay's Jay, 271. IV Hildreth, 50-4. O'Neil, 
 32-40. Whitelock's Jay, 226. Cooley's Constitutional History, 
 43. I Lodge's Hamilton, 276. Maclay, I, etc., 85. Tovvle, 376- 
 89. Pomeroy, §642-57. VIII John Adams' Works, 484-93. 
 I Johnston's Orations, 44. I Benton's Deb., I, etc. Adams' M. 
 & M., 48. VI Bancroft, 463-74. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. The preparation of the old government for the new. 
 
 2. A resume of the acts passed in establishing the new government. 
 
 3. Spirit of the times as shown in the debates on " ceremonials." 
 
 4. Was there scheming in the first election of a vice-president? 
 
 5. Prepare a diagram showing the votes of the respective states. 
 
 6. Men of prior note in the first Congress. 
 
 Hamilton's financial policy, 1789-91. 
 
 58. (a) General System. 
 
 I Schouler, 130-42, 158-202. I McMaster, 545, 568. I 
 Morse's Hamilton, 278-322, 370-9. II Bolles, 3-127. II Pit- 
 kin, 337-45- Maclay, 173-254, 296, 317. Greene, 455 (Tables 
 V, VII). I Lalor, 725 ; II, 190. IV Hildreth, 273-7, 291-300, 
 373, 498-516. I Gibbs, 28-70, 81, 168-74, 182. I Benton's 
 Debates, 177-439. I Randall's Jefferson, 604-10. II Hamil- 
 ton's Works, 47-528. V Irving, 50-63. Gay, 151. V Mar- 
 shall's Washington, 234-58, 261-71. Sumner's Currency, 55. 
 Parton's Jefferson, 384. Lodge's Hamilton, 84. I Madison's 
 Writings, 501-20. I Garland's Randolph, 48. Landon, 103-6. 
 Snow, 21-4, 27. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. The foresight of Hamilton on "the establishment of manufactures." 
 
 2. The question of taxing the slave trade. 
 
 3. By what constitutional limitations was Hamilton bound in his plan of 
 
 taxation? 
 
 4. The state of public credit in the United States. 
 
 5. Justice of state debt assumption. 
 
 6. Theory of "general welfare" as advanced by Hamilton. 
 
48 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 59. {d) The First Tariffs, 1789-92. 
 
 I Schouler, 86-93. II Hamilton's Works, 3-46 ; III, 3-60. 
 IX Jefferson's Works, 92. I Morse's Hamilton, 357. 
 Lodge's Hamilton, 109-14. Taussig, 7-17. 2 Johns Hopkins 
 University Studies, V-VI. Maclay, 44. Ill Lalor, 433, 858. 
 Gay, 132-43. IV Hildreth, 65-97, 216, 307. II Colton's 
 Clay, 301. Fowler, 30-2. I Blaine, 182-8. I Garland's Ran- 
 dolph, 41. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Attitude of England and the colonies toward protection. 
 
 2. Was there any thought of protection under the Confederation? 
 
 3. Does the constitution warrant a protective tariff? 
 
 4. Why the convention of 1787 escaped the question. 
 
 5. The state tariff laws under the Confederation. 
 
 6. Attitude of Madison in the first tariff debates. 
 
 7. The state tariff acts as a model for the act of 1789. 
 
 8. Relation of the Tonnage Act of 1789 to the tariff. 
 
 60. (c) The First Batik, 1789-91. 
 
 I Morse's Hamilton, 329. Lodge's Hamilton, 99-105, 131. 
 I Schouler, 159-62, 180. Ill Hamilton's Works, 61-230. II 
 McMaster, 25-41. I Gibbs, 60, 67. Maclay, 371. I Lalor, 
 199. I BoUes, 127. Sumner's Currency, 59. V Marshall's 
 Washington, 293. I Von Hoist, 104-6. I Sparks' Washington, 
 468. Snow, 25-7. X Sparks' Franklin, 306. Landon, 113. 
 I Randolph's Jefferson, 629-31. I Curtis' Buchanan, 410-3. 
 I Tucker's Jefferson, 381. Fowler, 33. Marshall's Works, 160- 
 78. I Story's Commentaries, §123-66. II Pitkin, 348. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Outline the arguments for and against a bank as a means of relieving 
 
 financial distress. 
 
 2. Condition of the banks existing at the time of Hamilton's report. 
 
 Is it constitutional lo charter a bank? 
 
 Is a national bank a " monopoly?" 
 
 Was the first bank beneficial to the country? 
 
 Relative financial importance of New York and Philadelphia. 
 
 61. {d) Location of the Seat of Government. 
 
 I Schouler, 138-42, 181-4, 475. I McMaster, 251-3, 502, 
 555-61, 581. VI Bancroft, 97-8. I Morse's Hamilton. 328. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY 
 
 49 
 
 Lodge's Hamilton, 123. I Curtis' Constitution, 226, n. VII 
 Sparks' Washington, 485-8. Gay, 146-50. I Lalor, 351, 818. 
 I Rives, 488 ; III, 50-61. I Von Hoist, 86. IV Hamilton's 
 Hamilton, 475-8- V Marshall's Washington, 258-61. HI 
 John Adams, 412. Towle, 373. I Benton's Deb., 145-250. I 
 Tucker's Jefferson, 351. Landon, 106-7. Snow, 24. Fowler, 
 35- 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Various attempts under the Confederation to locate a "Federal City." 
 
 2. The compromise between assumption and the seat of government. 
 
 3. The predominance of self-interest in the debates. 
 
 THE SLAVERY QUESTION. 
 
 62. (a) -Rise of the System, i6ig-iy8o. 
 
 I Bancroft, 119-26; II, 268-81: IV, 34, 74. II Hildreth, 
 417-28. I Wells, 138 ; III, 187. I Draper, 148, 184-210. I 
 Grahame, 68; II, 561. I Greeley, 24-40. I Wilson, 1-17. I 
 Von Hoist's History, 277-83. I Stephens, 10. Niles, 199. 
 HI John Adams' Works, 39. II Sparks' Franklin, 515 ; VIII, 
 42 ; X; 320, 403. I Randall, 95. I Rhodes, 1-15. HI Lalor, 
 725. II McMaster, 15-20. 
 
 63. (^) Abolition Movements before ijgo. 
 
 V Bancroft, 404-22. I Lalor, 2. I Draper, 314-24. I Von 
 Hoist's History, 284. I Wilson, 20-30. I Schouler, 144. May, 
 5. II Parton's Franklin, 611. II Reed, 173-8. I Jay's Jay, 
 229. IV Hildreth, 176, 386. II McMaster, 20. 
 
 64. {c) Slavery Discussion in the First Congress. Fugitive Act 
 
 of lygj. 
 
 I Schouler, 144-50, 219-20. I Rhodes, 17-24. I Wilson, 
 33-8, 52-78. I Von Hoist's History, 89-94, 285, 302-14. I 
 Benton's Debates, 73-6, 201-338,384-5,416-7. I McMaster, 
 552-4. I Greeley, 49. II Lalor, 315 (i). Gay, 159-71. II 
 Stephens, 28, Landon, 183. Fowler, 32. I Williams, 427-36. 
 Pollard's L. C, 48. II Benton's View, 770. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 I. The history of emancipation in either Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Rhode 
 Island or Connecticut. 
 
50 
 
 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 2. The absence of the terms "slave," "slavery," etc., from the Con- 
 
 stitution as originally framed. 
 
 3. Jefferson's attitude toward slavery. 
 
 4. The early abolition societies. 
 
 6. The fugitive act of the Constitution, Art. IV, Sec. II, 3. 
 
 65. The Excise and its Collection, lySg-gS. 
 
 I Schouler, 158, 214, 275-80. I Morse's Hamilton, 348, 
 148-71. Ill Gallatin's Writings, 6-67. I Sparks' Washington, 
 470, 498 ; X, 250, 426-8, 439, 526 ; XII, 20, 30, 44. I Lalor, 
 1108. II McMaster, 41, 189. I Von Hoist, 94-104. IV 
 Hamilton's Hamilton, 509-13 ; V, 94-110. I Benton's Debates, 
 262-72, 546-54. V Irving, 197-204. V Hamilton's Works, 
 471-524; VI, 3-70. Maclay, 381. Stevens, 49-57, 69-99. ^I 
 Randall, 241. II Pitkin, 421. Adams' Gallatin, 87-94, 123- 
 38. Lodge's Hamilton, 96-9, 181. I Madison's Writings, 
 527-71; II, 14-6. VIII John Adams' Works, 628-53 ; IX, 
 57-61, 174, 178. V Marshall's Washington, 287-95, 360-7. 
 IV Hildreth, 253, 312, 498-520. Fowler, 34. Wharton, 135- 
 62. Landon, 117. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. The advisability of an excise tax. 
 
 2. The constitutional right of coercion. 
 
 3. Gallatin's connection with the insurrection. 
 
 4. The amendment of the act for calling out the militia. 
 
 5. Is the consent of a state necessary for the coercion of its citizens by the 
 
 national government? 
 
 INFLUENCE OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION. 
 
 66. {a) On Men and Parties, iy8g-g4. 
 
 I Schouler, 168-79, 202. I Von Hoist's History, 107-12, 
 134-7. II McMaster, 89-109. II Morse's Hamilton, 1-66. I 
 Randall's Jefferson, 418, 519-53; H, i57- I Tucker's Jeffer- 
 son, 340-51. V Hamilton's Hamilton, 1-23. Parton's Jeffer- 
 son, 318-84, 412-60. HI Wells, 318-22. Whitelock's Jay, 
 222. I Garland's Randolph, 52-8, 75-6. Lodge's Cabot, 46- 
 61. I Gibbs, 77-9, 92, 97. X Sparks' Washington, 356, 536 ; 
 XI, 186-442. Maclay, 392, 402-13. II Adams' John Adams, 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 5 I 
 
 144-55. Adams' Gallatin, 104-12. V Irving, 68-74, 85-93, 
 137-43- Gay's Madison, 172-92. V Marshall's Washington, 
 346-60. I Parton's Burr, 211. Stephens, 100-8. IV Jeffer- 
 son's Works, 123. Dwight, 3-44. Landon, 120. I Johnston, 
 99. I Lalor, 770 (ii). II Pitkin, 357. I John Adams' Works, 
 455-65- 
 
 EXERCISES 
 
 Jefferson's " French tendencies " as a source of dissension. 
 Policy of a cabinet having a varied political complexion. 
 Cause and effect of the Hamilton-Jefferson controversy. 
 Birth of the Democratic-Republican party. 
 Rise and influence of the Democratic clubs. 
 
 67. {b) Genet. Neutrality. First E??ibargo, iyg2-4. 
 
 I Schouler, 241-57. II McMaster, 98-141. I Von Hoist's 
 History, 1 12-21. I Gibbs, 94-8, 100, 122-40. II Morse's 
 Hamilton, 67-146. I Lalor, 770 (ii) ; II, 79, 168, 327. 
 Parton's Jefferson, 261-91. I Tucker's Jefferson, 493. IV 
 Hildreth, 440, 481-7, 546, 673. X Sparks' Washington, 336- 
 42, 400-4, 533-6. I John Adams' Works, 292, 455-69. II 
 Randall's Jefferson, 120, 176. Wharton, 49, 65, 88, 93, 185. 
 I Garland's Randolph, 77-106. Lodge's Cabot, 62-86. I Jay's 
 Jay, 298-309. Ill Randolph's Jefferson, 237-300. Ill Wells, 
 320, 338-42. II Adams' John Adams, 155-80. II John Quincy 
 Adams' Memoirs, 214-5. I Madison's Writings, 578-654. 
 Adams' M. & M., 53-64. Magruder's Marsh., 96-100. II Pit- 
 kin, 359-90- IV Jefferson's Works, 4-265. Landon, 121-4. 
 Whitelock's Jay, 248. V Hamilton's Hamilton, 214-402, 505- 
 65. V Marshall's Washington, 394-615. Snow, 41-5. Gay's 
 Madison, 208-15. II Pitkin, 359-89. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Power of the president under Article II, Section 3, of the Constitution to 
 
 refuse to receive a minister. 
 
 2. May the president call upon the Supreme Court for a written opinion? 
 
 3. Was the former treaty with France binding in her new government? 
 
 4. The principles governing a neutral nation, 
 
 5. Genet's French consular courts. 
 
 6. Jefferson on neutrality. 
 
52 TOPICAL REFERENXE LISTS. 
 
 68. ((f) Jafs Mission and Treaty, i'/g4-6. 
 
 Vll Winsor, 466-71. I Schouler, 260-72, 289-317. II 
 McMaster, 187-8,212-56, 263-77. I Jay's Jay, 309-85; II, 
 216-65. I Gibbs, 203-40, 307-20. Whitelock's Jay, 264-93. 
 I John Adams, 457, 471, 481 ; IX, 18, 125. I Sparks, 496, 
 502-14. I Benton's Debates, 525-754. II Lalor, 634. I Von 
 Hoist's History, 122-8. Ill Wells, 342-54. II Pitkin, 390- 
 420, 442-78. IV Hildreth, 488-664 (intervals). Stevens, 109- 
 25. II Randall's Jefferson, 258-301. V Marshall's Washing- 
 ton, 616-58. Gay, 216-32. I Johnston, 64. HI Rives, 412, 
 511, 563, 551. Flanders, 401-14. Pomeroy, §697-9. ^ 
 Hamilton's Hamilton, 557, 565-8. I John Oiiincy Adams' 
 Memoirs, 42-56. I Tucker's Jefferson, 560. II Madi- 
 son's Writings, 11-554; III, 5, 61, 297, 305, 441-83- 
 Lodge's Cabot, 67-86, 95. Lodge's Hamilton, 178, 188-93. 
 Adams' Gallatin, 121-6. Parton's Jefferson, 514-7. Adams' 
 M. & M. 249. IV Hamilton's Works, 371 ; V, 3-332. Snow, 
 38-40. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 The right of the House to call for the papers of a treaty. 
 
 May the House refuse to vote an appropriation for carrying out the provi- 
 sions of a treaty? 
 
 Could a treaty have been made more favorable to the United States? 
 
 Which of the provisions of the treaty were the most objectionable to the 
 people? 
 
 Is a treaty valid if in opposition to existing laws? 
 
 Influence of the speech of Ames in the final debate, 
 
 69. {d) War Measures, i'jg4-8. 
 
 I Schouler, 403-19, 429-39. II McMaster, 385, 456, 459, 
 482. II Gibbs, 39-73' 83-103, 233-47. VII Winsor, 361-6. 
 II Morse's Hamilton, 258-72. V Hildreth, 195, 207-25, 240, 
 304. X Sparks' Washington, 523-8 ; XI, 242-550. VIII John 
 Adams' Works, 561, 573-675, intervals. Lodge's Hamilton, 
 200-8. I Parton's Burr, 234. I Von Hoist's History, 141. II 
 Adams' John Adams, 252-6. V Marshall's Washington, 749- 
 61. II Benton's Debates, 76-388. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 
 
 53 
 
 70. (e) Complications with France, X Y Z Missiofi, lygy-S. 
 
 I Schouler, 317-26, 344-62, 373-92. II McMaster, 256-9, 
 319. 334-7. 367-85, 404-9- IV Hildreth, 645; V, 94, 125-160, 
 202-5, 250-64. Ill Lalor, 1122. I Gibbs, 462-558; II, 10- 
 2,^, 122-154. Magruder, 101-30. II Morse's Hamilton, 236- 
 52. XI Sparks' Washington, 130-562 (intervals). I Von Hoist's 
 History, 139-40. VII Winsor, 361, 471. II Marshall, 327-32. 
 II Benton's Deb., 225-368. II Randall, 378. II Tucker's 
 Jefferson, 17. VIII John Adams' WorTcs, 568, 610,616. I 
 Parton's Jefferson, 440-60. II Adams' John Adams, 217-52, 
 259-85. Lodge's Cabot, 103-53. I Garland's Randolph, 
 107-23, 145. Ill Randolph's Jefferson, 396-416. V Hamil- 
 ton's Works, 335-470. IV Jefferson's Works, 265-74. Cooley's 
 Constitution, 67. Snow, 46. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. The objectionable passages in the President's message to Congress at its 
 
 extra session. 
 
 2. The attempt to detach Gerry from his colleagues. 
 
 3. The Spriggs resolution drawing party lines. 
 
 4. Wisdom of paying for French spoliation of American commerce. 
 
 71. (/) Alien and Sedition Laivs, lygy-iSoo. 
 
 II McMaster, 389-403, 466-73, 530. I Schouler, 394-403, 
 420, 448-50. II Morse's Hamilton, 254-8. Adams' Gallatin, 
 202-6, 219-20. Wharton, 322, 333, 345, 659, 684, 688. Pres- 
 ton, 277. II Gibbs, 73, etc. Hamilton's Hamilton, 156, 275, 
 341. Gay, 239-51. V Hildreth, 215-35, 297-302, 408. I Von 
 Hoist's History, 142. Stevens, 156. I Lalor, 56. I Johnston, 
 ^T^. XI Sparks' Washington, 345, 387. I John Adams' Works 
 522, 560; IX, 3-7, 13-4. II Randall's Jefferson, 394, 415-21. 
 II Benton's Deb., 253-536 ; IV, 133-40; VI, 184-8. II Madi- 
 son's Writings, 149; IV, 61, 254-5. I Garland's Randolph, 
 124-42. Parton's Jefferson, 551-3. Landon, 125. II Adams' 
 John Adams, 298. Adams' M. & M., 64. Lodge's Cabot, 147, 
 172-9. O'Neil, 69. IV Jefferson's Works, 237-58. Gillett, 
 II. Ill John Ouincy Adams' Memoirs, 430 ; IX, 305-7. 
 
54 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Did the exigencies of the time demand the law? 
 
 2. What constitutes a citizen under the constitution? 
 
 3. Did the execution of the acts give an unconstitutional judicial power to 
 
 the executive? 
 
 4. The acts as an abridgement of freedom of speech and of the press. 
 
 5. What constitutes an enemy to the United States? 
 
 6. "The death blow to P'ederalism." 
 
 72. (g) Virginia and Kentucky ResohUions, lygS. 
 
 I Von Hoist, 144-66. Preston, 283-99 (Doc). I Schouler, 
 421-7. IV Jefferson, 258, 305 ; VII, 229 ; IX, 464. II 
 Morse's Hamilton, 272-5. VI John Adams' Works, 445 ; IX, 
 606. II Henry, 584-9. I Benton's View, 347. I Greeley, 
 81-4. II Gibbs, 154-66. VII Winsor, 270, 319 (Bibliog.). II 
 McMaster, 418-33, 494. V Hildreth, 272-7, 296, 319. II 
 Randall, 448 ; III, 616. Madison's Writings, 164-6, 166-417. 
 Pollard's L. C, 41. Adams' M. & M., 65-75. Lodge's Cabot, 
 521. Lodge's Hamilton, 225. I Garland's Randolph, 129-42. 
 Landon, 127. I Kennedy's Wirt, 77. Fowler, 44. Adams' 
 Randolph, 25-39. ^ Lalor, 672. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. What remedy exists against usurpation of power by the national govern- 
 
 ment? 
 
 2. Relative meaning of the terms " interposition, nullification and secession." 
 
 3. W' as such a thing as " interposition " contemplated by the framers of the 
 
 Constitution? 
 
 4. Did the two states intend forcible resistance? 
 
 5. Question of the authorship of the resolutions. 
 
 6. Trace the action of the other states on the resolutions. 
 
 73. (//) Final Treaty ivith France, 1800. 
 
 VII Winsor, 474-6. I Schouler, 439, 477. II Gibbs, 184- 
 226, 247-68, 434-40. II Flanders, 211-66. II McMaster, 430, 
 450, 527. V Hildreth, 321-31, 386, 399. II Adams' John 
 Adams, 289-97. II Morse's Hamilton, 275-93. II Randolph's 
 Jefferson, 623. 
 
 74. The Federalist Defeat of 1800. 
 
 I Schouler, 409, 433, 441-4, 461-75, 483-501. Ill Ran- 
 dolph's Jefferson, 436-54. V Hildreth, 353-8, 372-83, 402-18. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 55 
 
 II McMaster, 508-26. VII Winsor, 469-12. II Adams' John 
 Adams, 304-47. I Parton's Burr, 198, 243-96. I Von Hoist's 
 History, 168-82. Stanwood, 30-45. II Gibbs, 487-90. II 
 Benton's Debates, 405-8, 473-9- IV Jefferson, 354 ; IX, 210. 
 I Lalor, 806. II Randall, 608. II Morse's Hamilton, 294- 
 312. VH Hamilton's Hamilton, 430. II Wells, 369-72. 
 Adams' Gallatin, 232-66. O'Neil, 70-90. IX John Adams' 
 Works, 45 note, 54. I Garland's Randolph, 185-7. II 
 Tucker's Jefferson, 75-93. I Gallatin's Writings, 662-5. Par- 
 ton's Jefferson, 567-82. Gillet, 13. Fowler, 54-8. White- 
 lock's Jay, 306. Adams' M. & M., 73. Snow, 66-8. Landon, 
 129-34. IX John Adams' Works, 98. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. The disputed cause of the Republican division in the electoral college. 
 
 2. Legality of a president pro tempore of the Senate becoming president of 
 
 the United States. 
 
 3. Could Jefferson and Burr have jointly called a session of Congress ? 
 
 4. Reasons why Hamilton should support Jefferson rather than support Burr. 
 
 5. Federalist alarm at the election of a Republican. 
 
 THOMAS JEFFERSON AS PRESIDENT, 180I-9. 
 
 75. {a) Attitude toward Public Office, 1801-5. 
 
 II McMaster, 583-8. II Schouler, 5-14. II Randolph's 
 Jefferson, 634-5, 656-62. Pomeroy, 658-61. Parton's Jeffer- 
 son, 605-13. I Draper, 355-7. V Hildreth, 419-33- ^^^ 
 Lalor, 565. I Johnston, 108. II Benton's Debates, 487-96- 
 I Henry Adams, 218 37. Gay, 252-6. IV Jefferson's Works, 
 353-406. Parton's Burr, 307. II Tucker's Jefferson, 96. I 
 Gallatin's Writings, 28-54, 130-2. O'Neil, 91. Adams' Galla- 
 tin, 268-90. Snow, 71-4. Gillett, i8. Lodge's Cabot, 427-8. 
 
 76. {p) Attacks the Federal Judiciary, i8oi-§. 
 
 II McMaster, 607-11, 352; HI, 162-83. V Hildreth, 400, 
 440,51015,543. II Tucker's Jefferson, 1 16-8. Parton's Jeff- 
 erson, 559, 585. I Henry Adams' United States, 274. I 
 Schouler, 455,488-91 ; II, 23, 53, 75. I Gibbs, 485. II Ran- 
 dolph's Jefferson, 690. Lodge's Cabot, 427-8. I Garland's 
 
56 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 Randolph, 187-90. II Lalor, 482, 649. Pomeroy, §715-28. 
 II Handers, 437. II Adams' John Adams, 348-51. I John 
 Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 309-70. I Cranch, 137, 155. Par- 
 ton's Burr, 308. Magruder, 155-60. I Kennedy, 80-5. I 
 Gallatin's Writings, 26. Landon, 259. Snow, 83. 
 
 EXERCLSES : 
 
 1. Constitutionality of increasing or diminishing salary during term of office. 
 
 2. Can Congress by a special act prevent a removal? 
 
 3. When is the act of appointment complete? 
 
 4. What constitutes a "high crime or misdemeanor?" 
 
 77. (c) Purchases Louisiana, 1803. 
 
 Ill Randolph's Jefferson, 50-66, 72-85. Adams' Gallatin, 
 317-26. 4 Johns Hopkins University Studies, VII-IX. Gil- 
 man, 74-93. I Von Hoist's History, 183-99. VII Winsor, 
 478-80. II McMaster, 622-35 ; III, 1-48. I Henry Adams' 
 United States, 399-446; II, 1-135. I Lalor, 93-5. II Schouler 
 36-52, 60. Gay, 257-63. I Poore, 687-98. I Greeley, 56, 84. 
 II Benton's Debates, 697-723 ; III, 9-158. Wise, 36-9. Pom- 
 eroy, §485. Stevens, 201-5. I John Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 
 266-93; VI, 432-4, 444. I Gallatin's Writings, 123-214. 
 Garland's Randolph, 194. II Tucker's Jefferson, 123-6, 152. 
 II Parton's Burr, 30. Adams' Gallatin, 317-26. Donaldson, 
 89-105. Lodge's Cabot, 331-3, 433-6. Ill Randolph's Jeffer- 
 ' son, 509 ; IV, 1-5. I Blaine, 3-1 1. Fowler, 59. IV Jefferson's 
 Works, 454-511. Adams' M. & M., 78-85. II Madison's 
 Writings, i, 83-91 ; IV, 171-201. Landon, 135. Cutts, 59. 
 Barrows, 17. 
 
 EXERCISES 
 
 Was the purchase constitutional? 
 
 The treaty-making power as justification of acquisition of territory. 
 
 Necessity for a ratifying amendment according to Jefferson's first thought. 
 
 The right of Napoleon to dispose of the land. 
 
 The influence of the purchase on national history. 
 
 Republican theory and practice of construction. 
 
 The status of slavery in the new territory. 
 
 Pickering's partnership theory. 
 
 Toussaint L' Ouverture as an indirect agent in the acquisition. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 57 
 
 78. [d) Prosecutes Burr, i Soy. 
 
 II Parton's Burr, 30-162. Ill Randolph's Jefferson, 70-99. 
 I John Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 444-9; iil? 452-8, 480; IX, 
 429-44. Ill Henry Adams' United States, 219-344, 441. 
 Parton's Jefferson, 657. II Madison's Writings, 393-401. I 
 Parton's Jackson, 307 36. V Hildreth, 517-27, 594-624, 668- 
 73. Pomeroy, §431-6- II McMaster, 54-88. I Colton's 
 Clay, 87-90. I Kennedy, 149-90. IV Cranch, 75. II 
 Schouler, 118-24. Ill Randolph's Jefferson, 174-222. I Gar- 
 land's Randolph, 255-61. I Flanders, 419-33. Magruder, 
 202. Colton's Correspondence, 12-17, 206. I Schurz, 34-7. 
 Cooley's Constitution, 109. Sumner's Jackson, 10-22. Ill 
 Benton's Debates, 488-91, 642-75.— Safford, Wm. H.: The 
 Blennerhasset Papers. Cincinnati, 1891. Clarke & Co. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. -The needed legislation growing out of the Burr trial. 
 
 2. Exact status of "treason " against the United States. 
 
 3. Right of the President to disobey the subpoena. 
 
 4. Justification of the charge of "disorder." 
 
 5. Advisibility of suspending the right of habeas corpus. 
 
 79. ie) Suffers Encroachment on American Commerce, 1 806-7. 
 
 II Schouler, i33-r58. IV Hildreth, 349-53 ; V, 563-685 ; 
 VI, 25-36. Ill Randall's Jefferson, 224-39. HI McMaster, 
 217-75- I^I Henry Adams, 370 ; IV, i-i 28. Dwight, 44-100, 
 212-33. II Lalor, 80. 2 Johns Hopkins University Studies, 
 V-VI. Ill Benton's Debates, 353-9, 393, 614; IV, 594-7. 
 Morse's Adams, 43. Gay, 265-78. I Curtis Webster, 90-4. 
 Wise, 41-6. I Schurz, 67. II Kennedy, 190-206. II Tucker's 
 Jefferson, 245-70. I Garland's Randolph, 229-41. V Jeffer- 
 son's Works, 113-226. Adams' Gallatin, 335-65. Snow, 90-1. 
 Lodge's Cabot, 460-2, 469-70. Quincy's John Quincy Adams, 
 34-7- 
 
 80. (/) Faiis in Retaliation and Abdicates. Embargo. Henry Docu- 
 
 ments, 1808. 
 II Tucker's Jefferson, 271-326. Ill Randall's Jefferson, 239- 
 307. Lodge's Cabot, 367-95. Adams' Gallatin, 365-80. IV 
 Henry Adams, 128-475. I Von Hoist's History, 200-21. II 
 
58 TOPICAL KEFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 Schouler, 68, 105-18, 156-204. VI Hildreth, 36-43, 55, 69-138, 
 284 ; V, 538, 572-8. Ill McMaster, 276-339. V Jefferson's 
 Works, 226-433. I Gallatin's Writings, 367-452, II Madison's 
 Writings, entire vol. I Lalor, 772; II, 81, 109, 445. Dwight, 
 195-212. Gay, 279-309. Ill Benton's Debates, 640-707; IV, 
 5-42. I Curtis' Webster, 94-5. I Story's Story, 136, 165, 174- 
 85, 223. Morse's John Quincy Adams, 51-7. I Garland's 
 Randolph, 262-70. IX John Adams, 312, 604-6. I John 
 Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 491-535. Snow, 92-7. Gillett, 27- 
 41. Quincy's John Quincy Adams, 37-41- XXXV Niles' 
 Register, 138, 220. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Theory and practice of Jefferson on "coercion." 
 
 2. The constitutionality of an embargo. 
 
 3. The former " Essex junto " as a nucleus for New England dissatisfaction. 
 
 4. Gallatin's credit for the successful close of the administration. 
 
 5. John Quincy Adams and his party. 
 
 6. Jefferson's foreign policy compared with that of Washington. 
 
 7. Influence of "one pseudo-Republican, Story," on the repeal of the 
 
 embargo. 
 
 8. True value of the Henry documents. 
 
 9. Character of Jefferson. 
 
 THE WAR OF l8l2. 
 
 81. (a) Madison's Negotiations with Erskine, i8og. 
 
 V Henry Adams, entire ; VI, 1-113. II Schouler, 279-349. 
 Ill McMaster, 321, 339-49. Dwight, 101-43. I Curtis' Web- 
 ster, 90-102. Gay, 284-300. II Lalor, 83. IV Benton's 
 Debates, 117, 167, 193, 353-98. VI Hildreth, 149-289. Adams' 
 Gallatin, 381-455. Ill Randall's Jefferson, 315. Lodge's 
 Cabot, 382-6, 446-7. I Gallatin's Works, 455-88. Adams' 
 M. & M., 106-40. I John Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 446-87. 
 Snow% 97-9. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Prosperity of America's trade under the status of a neutral. 
 
 2. Record of impressments. 
 
 3. Resume of the " orders " and " decrees." 
 
 4. Could Great Britain have gained America for an ally against France if 
 
 she had properly negotiated with her? 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. S9 
 
 82. (d) War spirit and Opposition, i8og-i2. 
 
 VI Henry Adams, 113-289, 388-459. II Schoiiler, 349-82, 
 395. 5 Johns Hopkins University Studies, VII. IV Hildreth, 
 291-335, 376. I Von Hoist's History, 227-43. Ill McMaster, 
 402-58. I Schurz, 77-99. Oilman, 105-14. I Johnston, 129- 
 82. IV Benton's Debates, 410-554, 558-61. I Gallatin's 
 Works, 517-53; II, 492-500. I Story's Story, 220-8. Gay, 
 301-14. Stevens, 217. II Lalor, 84. Wise, 52. Dwight, 
 143-95- Morse's John Quincy Adams, 47-68. Adams' M. & 
 M., 144-73. I Garland's Randolph, 284-311. I Colton's 
 Clay, 162-82. Lodge's Cabot, 500-3. Snow, 100-8. Adams' 
 Gallatin, 456-73. I Kennedy, 297. Gillet, 41-50, 7i- HI 
 Niles' Register, 24, 117, 179. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Comparison of Randolph and Calhoun on the war question. 
 
 2. Effect of the Henry disclosures. 
 
 3. Justice of the war, 
 
 4. Weakness of the Congress of 1 809-1 1. 
 
 83. {c) Militia Refused. Hartford Convention, 1813-13. 
 
 VII Henry Adams, 364-416 ; VIII, 1-24, 212-311 ; IX, 80. 
 Lodge's Cabot, 410-12, 505-21. I Von Hoist, 243-72. Dwight, 
 233-411. VI Hildreth, 381-92, 426-554. Ill McMaster, 542- 
 56. I Lalor, 624; II, 171 ; III, 696. I Curtis' Webster, 102- 
 39. V Benton's Debates, 166-8, 174-287. II Calhoun, i, etc. 
 Wise, 60-3. Gay, 321. Ill Webster's Works, 314. I Greeley, 
 185. I Benton's View, 4. Adams' M. & M., 274. VIII John 
 Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 118, 132. Gillet, 79-94- Fowler, 
 63-71. IV Madison's Writings, 340. II Story's Story, 11-15. 
 II Garland's Randolph, 49. Landon, 139. Snow, 11 0-7. VI 
 Niles' Register, 4 ; VII, 149, 305. Jefferson's Works, 63, 425. 
 II Schouler, 415-30. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. May a state refuse to obey the call of the president for troops? 
 
 2. Who may judge when the emergency demands state troops? 
 
 3. Can the command of the militia be regulated by Congress? 
 
 4. Compare the principles given out by the Hartford Convention with those 
 
 of the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions. 
 
 5. New England shipping and fishing interests as a real cause for opposition. 
 
60 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 84. {d) Military and Naval History, 181 2- 1§. 
 
 VII Henry Adams' United States, 72-364; VIII, 24-212, 
 311-82; IX, 54. II Schouler, 357-444, intervals. Ill Mc- 
 Master, 536-60. VI Hildreth, 335-565, intervals. VII Win- 
 sor, 379-405. II Parton's Jackson, 11-343. Gillet, 51-71, 95- 
 loi. Adams' M. & M., 173-5, 179-84. 
 
 85. {e) Peace of Ghent, 181 4. 
 
 VII Winsor, 483-91. VII Henry Adams, 26 ; IX, 1-80, 104. 
 II Schouler, 365-8, 377, 381, 418, 431-8- Dwight, 411. I 
 Schurz, 99-125. VI Hildreth, 343-52, 567-73. Stevens, 312- 
 40. I Von Hoist, 273. HI John Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 
 62-120. Gay, 330. V Benton's Debates, 331-8,431, 446-546. 
 HI Lalor, 1089 ('^)- Adams' Gallatin, 505-53. Quincy's 
 John Quincy i\dams, 62-76. Lodge's Cabot, 524, 563. I Gal- 
 latin's Writings, 618-46. I Story's Story, 253. Morse's John 
 Quincy Adams, 75-93. Snow, 117. 
 
 EXERCISES 
 
 Real cause of the war. 
 Was Madison coerced into a war? 
 
 Compare the provisions of the treaty with the ostensible reasons for war. 
 Lack of internal highways a detriment to action on the frontier. 
 Has the President power under Article II. Section 2, part 3, of the Con- 
 stitution to appoint ambassadors during a recess of Congress? 
 
 FINANCES AFTER THE WAR OF l8l2. 
 
 86. (<?) Condition and Remedy. 
 
 II Schouler, 446-52 ; III, 37-42. I Von Hoist, 382-4. 
 x\dams' Gallatin, 553. Adams' M. & M., 96. Lodge's Cabot, 
 561. V Benton's Debates, 59-66, 334-460, 559-85, 631, 714- 
 20. II Lalor, 191. II Bolles, 219-317, 518-28. Gilman, 230- 
 49. I Curtis' Buchanan, 31. I Schurz, 127. I Benton's View, 
 I. I Johnston, 183. IX Henry Adams' United States, 154. I 
 Blaine, 189. I Gallatin's Writings, 651, 667-8, 698; HI, 236, 
 283-90. Sumner's Currency, 64-70. 
 
 87. {b) National Bank Rechartcrcd, 181 6. 
 
 Sumner's Currency, 71-84. II Garland's Randolph, 74-84, 
 II Bolles, 317. I Schurz, 62, 131. Sumner, 224-36. Stevens, 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 6 I 
 
 256-76. I Curtis' Webster, 139-51. V Benton's Debates, 122- 
 627 ; VI, 207-12, 227, 268. I Lalor, 201. Ill Webster, 35- 
 48. Von Hoist's Calhoun, 31. Ill Randall's Jefferson, 428. 
 IX Niles' Register, 261, 366. I Gallatin's Writings, 191-322 ; 
 II» 37-535; lii' 76-543- Adams' M. & M., 141-4,175. I 
 Kennedy, 296. II Colton's Clay, 9. IV Jefferson's Works, 
 228. Cutts, 21. Mason, 74-5. Snow, 124-5. I Von Hoist's 
 United States, 384-8. II Schouler, 446 ; III, 111-19. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Career of the first bank. 
 
 2. Cause of defeat of charter in 1811. 
 
 3. Rise and career of the state banks, 
 
 4. Embarrassment of the bank of 18 16 from too much capital. 
 
 5. The national bank stock of 18 16 as a beginning of English investments 
 
 in America. 
 
 6. Has a national bank a right to establish branches ? 
 7 The new bank as a Republican measure. 
 
 88. (0 Tariff of 1816. 
 
 2 Johns Hopkins University Studies, V-VI. Taussig, 18-59. 
 II BoUes, 359. Ill Lalor, 859-60. I Draper, 360. II Schouler, 
 450 ; III, 40. I Von Hoist, 397. I Benton's View, 3. I 
 Curtis' Webster, 132. I Schurz, 129. II Calhoun, 163. Von 
 Hoist's Calhoun, 33. I.Blaine, 190. Snow, 121-4 I Galla- 
 tin's Works, 690-1. IX Niles' Register, 436. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Cause of the increased European trade. 
 
 2. Effect of the various restrictions from 1808 to 1815. 
 
 3. The gradual increase of duties levied. 
 
 4. Growth of manufactures during the war. 
 
 5. Articles affected by tariff of 18 16. 
 
 89. {d) Internal Improvements, 1816-22. 
 
 II Schouler, 450; HI, 54-6 I Schurz, 46, 129, 137-40. 
 Wise, 64-71. I Von Hoist's History, 389-96. I Lalor, 711 ; 
 II, 568, 1020. V Benton's Debates, 629, 704-21, 663. I Cur- 
 tis' Webster, 158. Gilman, 149, 230-53. I Curtis' Buchanan, 
 32. Von Hoist's Calhoun, 35-41. Lodge's Webster, 68. 
 Landon, 141 -3. IV Jefferson's Works, 131, 449, 478 : VII, 75- 
 9 ; IX, 496-7. I Gallatin's Works, 78-9, 305-9, 395. Mason, 94. 
 
62 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Power of the national government to make public improvements. 
 
 2. The lack of roads during the War of 1812 as a moving argument for im- 
 
 provements. 
 
 3. Must the consent of the state through which the improvement passes be 
 
 obtained? 
 
 4. Can a state tax a national improvement? 
 
 5. Substantiate the arguments in Monroe's message of December 2, 1817, 
 
 6. If a state should subscribe money to assist in the construction of a national 
 
 road to a certain point and the road was not completed, is the money 
 recoverable? 
 
 THE SUPREME COURT TAKES ITS PLACE, 1794-1819. 
 
 90. {a) As an Ultimate Tribu7ial. 
 
 Johns Hopkins University Studies, extra vol., VII. Pomeroy, 
 §750-9. Magruder, 198. VI Wheaton, 264, Cohens vs, Vir- 
 ginia. I Wheaton, 305, Martin vs. Hunter's Lessee. VII 
 Benton's Debates, 145, 154, H Lalor, 651. I Flanders, 453. 
 Cooley's Constitution, 85. Colton's Correspondence, 79-80. 
 Landon, 262-4, 271. I Story's Story, 275. Marshall's Writ- 
 ings, 221. 
 
 91. {b) Upholds Federal Authority. 
 
 VI Hildreth, 155-64. II Flanders, 72. IV Wheaton, 316, 
 McCulloch vs. Maryland. 5 Cranch, 115, United States vs. 
 Peters. Crane & Moses, 240. II Kennedy, 80. I Bryce, 370. 
 Landon, 264-71, 267-70. Cooley's Constitution, 92. Mar- 
 shall's Writings, 119, 160. 
 
 92. ic) Establishes the Validity of Contracts. 
 
 Cooley's Constitution, 81, 103. Landon, 261. I Story's 
 Story, 321. I Bryce, 656. II Kennedy, 82. I Curtis' Web- 
 ster, 162-71. Pomeroy, §541-64. II Flanders, 440-8. V 
 Webster's Works, 462. VI Cranch, 87, Fletcher vs. Peck. IV 
 Wheaton, 519, Dartmouth vs. Woodward. Lodge's Web- 
 ster, 84-98. VII Benton's Debates, 151. Magruder, t86. 
 Marshall's Writings, 188.— Shirley, J. M.: Dartmouth Col- 
 lege Cases and the Supreme Court., St. Louis, 1879. Jones & 
 Co. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 63 
 
 93. (d) Causes the Eleventh Amendment, ^794- 
 
 I Schouler, 273. IV Hildreth. 2 Dallas, 419, Chishohii 
 vs. Georgia. I Flanders, 385-8. Landon, 253-6. I Jay's Jay, 
 294-8. Whitelock's Jay, 231. Cooley's Constitution, 46, 70. 
 
 94. So-called " Era of good Feeling^ 
 
 III Schouler, 1-20, 37-54, 197-219, 333-6. I Curtis' Buch- 
 anan, 23-30. I Lalor, 45. Stanwood, 64-79. Wise, 75. Gil- 
 man, 125-35. I Von Hoist, 382. I Curtis' Webster, 161. II 
 Kennedy, 55. Morse's John Oumcy Adams, 105. II Garland's 
 Randolph, 11 2-8. Sargent, 19-21. Adams' M. & M., 431. 
 O'Neil, 108. Quincy's John Quincy Adams, 120-3. Gillet, 
 104. Shepard's Van Buren, 75. 
 
 ANNEXATION OF FLORIDA, 
 
 95. Ui) Prior Events. 
 
 II Schouler, 98, 117, 383-90 ; III, 24-31, 57 95. VI Win- 
 sor, 497-8, 543-6. 11 Barton's Jackson, 355-532. Sumner's 
 Jackson, 31, 52-65. I Von Hoist, 335-9. IV Benton's Debates, 
 252-64, 422; VI, 190-7, 226-333. I Schurz, 16, 151-9. 
 Morse's John Quincy Adams, 111-19. Gilman, 140-2. Donald- 
 son, 108. I Colton's Clay, 252-75. Adams M. & M,, 327. 
 Gillet, no. Cutts, 59. I Boore's Constitution, 307. 
 
 96. ( h ) Annexation. 
 
 IV John Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 65-456. VII Winsor, 
 499-501. 546. HI Schouler, 95-7, 130, 175-8, 189. I Wilson, 
 125-35. I Benton's View, 14 ; II, 42, 155. VI Hildreth, 223, 
 658. II Barton's Jackson, 532-56, 594-639. VI Benton's De- 
 bates, 227, 369, 573-711; VII, 242-96. 4 Johns Hopkins 
 University Studies, VII-IX. I Von Hoist, 336. II Boore, 308, 
 313. Quincy's John Quincy Adams, 82-97. Donaldson, iiio- 
 20. Snow, 130. I Schurz, 162-5. Sumner's Jackson, 65-9. 
 Morse's John Quincy Adams, 123. Bomeroy, §485. 8 
 Wheaton, 543. Gilman, 143. I Boore's Constitutions, 308. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Why was Spain willing to cede? 
 
 2. Show on a map all boundaries connected with the annexation question. 
 
 3. How did the indefinite boundaries leave the way open for future disputes? 
 
64 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 4. Weight of the Louisiana precedent on the question of right to annex. 
 
 5. Real cause of desire for annexation. 
 
 6. Justification of Colonel Clinch's expedition. 
 
 97. llie Missouri Compromise, 1820. 
 
 I Von Hoist's History, 340-81. HI wSchouler, 100-3, ^A^-IZ^ 
 180-6. I Draper, 349-59. I Rhodes, 30-9. I Greeley, 74-80. 
 Williams, 14-20. VI Hildreth, 661-712. I Wilson, 136-64. 
 H Stevens, 131-75. I Lalor, 549 (iv). I Benton's View, 5-10. 
 IV John Ouincy Adams' Memoirs, 398, 472-532 ; V, i, etc. 
 HI Randall's Jefferson, 454-60. II Garland's Randolph, 118- 
 45. II Gallatin's Writings, 141-4, 177. Ouincy's John Ouincy 
 Adams, 98-119. I Blaine, 15-21. I Story's Story, 359. II 
 Curtis' Buchanan, 264. Morse's John Quincy Adams, 120-2. 
 II Kennedy, 93. Fowler, 76-87. Gilman, 144-8. May, 7-9. 
 Roosevelt, 43. Snow 132-7. Adams' M. & M., 335. VI 
 Benton's Debates, 204, 359, 450, 696, 706 ; VII, 6-129. Cutts, 
 69. II Poore's Constitutions, 1102. XIX Niles' Register, 51. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Trace the prior admission of states by which the balance had been pre- 
 
 served. 
 
 2. The right of Congress to impose conditions on the admission of a state. 
 
 3. Make a comparative chart of the free and slave states admitted before 
 
 1820, considering population, area, and representation in Congress. 
 
 4. May Congress compel one state to observe the laws of another state? 
 
 5. May a state constitution forbid Congress to interfere with it in given par- 
 
 ticulars? 
 
 6. Did the treaty of 1803 secure slavery for the territory? 
 
 7. Was the compromise just, necessary or expedient? 
 
 8. Was the compromise constitutional? 
 
 98. The Monroe Doctrine, 1823-4. 
 
 Cxilman, 156-74. II Schouler, 202 ; III, 23-36, 255, 277-93. 
 VII Winsor, 281, 502, 524. I Greeley, 264-7. ^ John Quincy 
 Adams' Memoirs, entire volume ; VI, to 226. I Lalor, 66; II 
 898. Morse's John Quincy Adams, 128-57. Schurz's Clay, 
 146-51, 165-71. Landon, 144. I Colton's Clay, 276-86. 
 Snow, 146-50. Gillet, 107. Cutts, 20. VI Benton's Debates, 
 60-2, 134-70; VII, 93-9, 124, 171^5, 204, 287-320, 470 (Doc). 
 I Von Hoist's History, 419-21. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 65 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Is it a " claim to the whole continent?" 
 
 2. The general results of the policy of non-intervention. 
 
 3. Is it a pledge to protect in similar cases? 
 
 4. Russia's share in causing the declaration. 
 
 5. Incorrect later interpretations of the doctrine. 
 
 6. A result of the unifying effect of the War of 18 12, 
 
 99. Revival of Parties in Election of 1824. 
 
 Ill Schouler, 234-9, 262-70, 304-16, 324-9. I Benton's 
 View, 44-50. I Colton's Clay, 287-427. VI John Quincy 
 Adams' Memoirs, 191-518. Adams' Gallatin, 591-608. Morse's 
 John Quincy Adams, 149-77. I Schurz, 221-57. II Parton's 
 Jackson, 662-70; III, 11-81. I Curtis' Buchanan, 38-59. 
 Stanwood, 79, 96. I Curtis Webster, 235-9, 389. Sumner, 72- 
 100. Wise, 79, 82-5. I Webster, 151. I Lalor, 808. Quincy's 
 John Quincy Adams, 133-41. H Kennedy, 147-50, 166. Col- 
 ton's Correspondence, 62-120. I Sargent, 35-43, 56-79. 
 Roosevelt, 59-63. II Garland's Randolph, 227. I Poore's 
 Reminiscences, 21. I Weed, 103-10, 122-37, 172. Shephard, 
 90-8. O'Neil, 117-24. II Von Hoist's History, 3-9. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Was there good evidence of a " corrupt bargain?" 
 
 2. Unpopularity of the caucus system. 
 
 3. What ground was there for the charge of " ignoring the will of the 
 
 people?" 
 
 4. The former change of political parties by Adams as a cause of present 
 
 dissension. 
 
 5. The nomenclature of parties. 
 
 6. The tariff in the election. 
 
 100. The Panama Congress. Party Divisions, 1822-6. 
 
 VI John Quincy Adams, 16-101 ; VIII, 95-116. Quincy's 
 John Quincy Adams, I54. Ill Schouler, 358-66, 397-441. VII 
 Winsor, 503. I Von Hoist's History, 409-33. I Benton's View, 
 65-9, 92. I Schurz, 267-75, 293. VIII Benton's Debates, 
 
 417-551. 637-59; IX, 90-218; X, 249-57; XI, 195-343- I 
 
 Wilson, 115. I Curtis' Buchanan, 64-9, Sumner, 107. I 
 Curtis' Webster, 265. Lodge's Webster, 140. I Wilson, 115. 
 Pomeroy, §669. HI Webster, 178. Colton's Correspondence, 
 
66 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 121 -31. I Sargent, 105-17. Morse's John Ouincv Adams, 
 J 90. II Garland's Randolph. 249. II Gallatin's Writings, 
 301-2. Shephard. 105. 112. I Story's Story. 4S6-94. XXX 
 Xiles' Register, i. SS- ^3- ^55- -33- 33°- 355- Snow, 150, 157. 
 Roosevelt. 63. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Practicability of the questions proposed for the consideration of the 
 
 Panama congress by Adams in his message to Congress. 
 
 2. Real cause of the rise of the opposition parts*. 
 
 ;. Difficulties involved in the recognition of the republic of Ha^ti. 
 
 4. Future policv of the slaven*- defenders as outlined in the debates of Con- 
 
 gress on the mission. 
 
 5. Right of the executive to commit the United States to any line of foreign 
 
 policy. 
 
 ici. S/Jtc Rights an J Georgia Indians. i%2j-g. 
 
 VII John Ouincv Adams' Memoirs, y^,},. 219-373. 407-30. I 
 Von Hoist. 433-49. I Benton's View. 5S-64. 12 AMieaton, 
 213. Ill Schouler, 370-85. I Lalor. 390. I Curtis' Webster, 
 383-6. Lodge's Webster, 1-2. VI Webster. 24. Sumner, 
 174-83. VIII Benton's Debates. 2S9-92. 581-92 : IX, 407-11, 
 236-64, 299-302, 411-64 : X. 330-49. 519-669. Sargent, 96, 
 104. 135. Snow. 159. XXVII-XXXVI Xiles' Register, 
 
 indexes. 
 
 102. Clay's "American System." Tariff and Improvements. 1824. 
 
 I Colton's Clay, 428 : 11. 152-75. IV John Quincy Adams, 
 495 : V, 156. Taussig, 68-75. I Curtis' Webster. 207-14, 239- 
 42. I Schurz, 142-6, 206. 212-21. II Lalor. 570 (ii) ; III, 
 861. Ill .Schouler, 55. 247-54. 295-S. II Bolles. 375. I Von 
 Hoist, 401-4. Lodges Webster, 157-65. Sumner. 76. Ill 
 Webster, 941. VII Benton's Debates, 358. 408-17. 565-761 ; 
 VIII. 9-35, 173-290. 474-81 ; X, 154-65. 351-401. I Benton's 
 View. 21-7. Colton's Correspondence, 80-92. Sargent, 25-8, 
 97. II Garland's Randolph, 121. 244. Adams' M. & M.,353- 
 425. Shephard, 84-9. Roosevelt. 58. Sumner's Currency, 
 91. I Blaine, 191. Snow, 152. Cutts, 41. XXXVI Xiles' 
 Resrister. i6h. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 67 
 
 EXERCISES: 
 
 1. Causes of the financial crisis of 1 8 19. 
 
 2. Why was the act of 1824 acceptable to the western and middle states 
 
 rather than to New England and the southern states? 
 
 3. How could a canal constructed in one section be considered as promoting 
 
 the "general welfare?" 
 
 4. If a state is able to construct a public improvement within its borders, is it 
 
 good policy for the nation to assist? 
 
 5. Trace the suggestions at various times of an amendment authorizing 
 
 national improvements. 
 
 6. The power of Congress over an improvement in a state. 
 
 7. The question of the constitutionality of a tariff. 
 
 103. " Ta?'iff of AboT?iinationsy 1828. 
 
 II Colton's Clay, 176-212. Taussig, 78-103. I Benton's 
 View, 95-101. Ill Schouler. 420-6. II Bolles. 3S2. Ill Par- 
 ton's Jackson 271,341.438-51. Ill Webster, 22^. I Curtis' 
 Buchanan. 70-8. Lodge's Webster. 156. 166-70. Ill Lalor, 
 861. I Curtis' Webster. 327. XXXII Xiles' Register, 388-96. 
 Von Hoist's Calhoun. 66-84. I Stevens. 440. IX Benton's 
 Debates. 289-99, 379-4oi, 589-606 ; X, 54-118. 209-73, 561-6, 
 675-82. 463-90 : X, 242-5. I Blaine, 192. Fowler. SS-98. 
 Pollard's L. C. 59. Roosevelt. 66. Shephard, 120-3. Snow, 
 155. I Von Hoist's Historv. 404-8. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Effect of the Harrisburg convention of 1827. 
 
 2. The reduction of tariff on wool in England. 
 
 3. No drawback on rum. 
 
 4. The tariff in the election of 1S2S. 
 
 5. Means employed in the south to nullif}- the tariff practicallv if not legally. 
 
 THE REIGX OE AXDREW JACKSOX. 1S28-36. 
 
 104. (a) The Man. Electiov and Inauguration. /828-Q. 
 
 III Schouler, 265-73, 41 1-6, 426-8.434-53. Wise, 79-Si, 96- 
 118. Ill Barton's Jackson, 94-173. 684. II Von Hoist, i. 9- 
 II. I Weed. 211-336.. Quincy's John Quincv Adams. 170-5. 
 I Curtis' Webster, 329, 335, 3S8-9, 589. I Benton's View. 11. 
 111-4, 119-24. Stanwood. 96. I Webster, 235. I Schurz. 277- 
 88. I Curtis' Buchanan. 129 n. Morse's John Quincv Adams, 
 21 y 2^. Gilman, 11 3-8. I Lalor. 100. Sargent. 139-64. 
 
68 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 Colton's Correspondence, 179-214. Landon, 146-9. Gillet, 
 126-8. II Garland's Randolph, 311. VIII John Quincy 
 Adams' Memoirs, 76. Roosevelt, 69. I Poore's Reminiscences 
 88. I Story's Story, 563. II Kennedy, 220-5. 
 
 105. (//) Views of Public Office, i82g-jo. 
 
 Ill Parton's Jackson, 173-245, 287-309, 344. I Curtis' Webj- 
 ster, 337-40, 347-50. II Von Hoist, 12-31, I Schurz, 311-37. 
 I Webster's Works, 359. II Calhoun's Works, 438. Sumner, 
 136-53. I Benton's View, 80-7, 128, 159, 168. Von Hoist's 
 Calhoun, 85-96, 116. Lodge's Webster, 172. I Lalor, 774 
 (iv); HI, 568. VIII John Quincy Adams, 138-89, II Colton's 
 Clay, 176-218, 265-88. Tyler's Taney, 184-8. II Madison's 
 Writings, 395. Snow, 169-75. Roosevelt, 79-87. Shephard, 
 152, 177-83. Colton's Correspondence, 225-6. Gillet, 147. 
 I Sargent, 165, 282-93. I Poore's Reminiscences, 96-8. Lan- 
 don, 149. XXXVI Niles' Register, 164. 
 
 EXERCISES: 
 
 1. Origin of the term " spoils system." 
 
 2. A summary of the removals from ofBce prior to Jackson. 
 
 3. Did Jackson corrupt the civil service or adopt a corrupt state system? 
 
 4. Theory that an appointment holds only during the term of one who 
 
 appoints. 
 
 5. Jackson's policy as announced in his inaugural address. ' 
 
 106. {c) On Public Improvements, i82g-j6. 
 
 I Curtis' Buchanan, 78-92. I Benton's View, 167. II Lalor, 
 570 ; III, 1065. Ill Schouler, 480. I Curtis' Webster, 367-9. 
 Sumner's Jackson, 191. X Benton's Debates, 570-3, 689-726 ; 
 XI, 6-43, 61-7, 239-42. VIII John Quincy Adams, 190, 230-3, 
 273, 439-53. Colton's Correspondence, 279. II Garland's 
 Randolph, 350-1. Shephard, 172-3. Gillet, 132. Snow, 184. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Reply to Jackson's argument against public improvements. 
 
 2. The right of Congress to lay special taxes for public improvements. 
 
 107. (^/) Nullification. Foote Resolution. Hay ne- Webster Debate, 1830. 
 
 HI Schouler, 482-8. I Benton's View, 138-43. HI Webster, 
 248-356. I Curtis' Webster, 351-66. Sumner's Jackson, 184- 
 91. Lodge's Webster, 173-91, 206. I Johnston, 213-82. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 69 
 
 McCulloch, 16-20. II Lalor, 234, 1052 : III, 734-5. X Ben- 
 ton's Debates, 221, 418-51 1. Sargent, 169-74. Pollard's L. 
 C, 42. Landon, 154-60. I Poore's Reminiscences, 114. 
 Fowler, 101-9. Roosevelt, 77-9. I Stevens, 389-408. 
 
 108. (/) Tariff of 1832. 
 
 IV Schouler, 54-66. I Stevens, 431-40. II BoUes, 413. I 
 Benton's View, 265-75. Ill Lalor, 862. I Draper, 363. I 
 Curtis' Webster, 41 1-4. I Schurz, 357-65. Ill Johnfeton, 338. 
 Landon, 154-60. I Sargent, 169-74. Pollard's L. C, 42, b. 
 
 I Poore's Reminiscences, 114. Fowler, 101-9. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Under what express or impljed powers of the Constitution could Congress 
 
 be sustained or not sustained in prohibiting >the manufacture, trans- 
 portation or sale of intoxicating liquors in the United States? 
 
 2. Show exactly what caused the acts of 1828 and 1832 to be so offensive to 
 
 the South. 
 
 3. State the " export tax " and " import tax " theory of the South. 
 
 4. Would the prohibition of importation of iron ore be constitutional? 
 
 5. The various schemes of high and low protection offered. 
 
 109. (/) Nullification Ordinance of South Carolina, 1832. 
 
 I Von Hoist's History, 459-78. I Benton's View, 138-43, 
 247, 334-42, 347-62. Ill Schouler, 482-91 ; IV, 38-48, 85-111. 
 
 II Calhoun Works, 262-308, 376 ; VI, 1-209. ^ Curtis' Web- 
 ster, 429-32, 465. Wise, 119-33. II Lalor, 1052-5 ; 1x1,862-3. 
 Lodge's Webster, 172. HI Barton's Jackson, 433, 447-85. 
 Dwight, 434-47. HI Webster's Works, 248-355. I Stevens, 
 419-30. I Rhodes, 40-52. Preston, 299. XII Benton's 
 Debates, 30 (Doc). I Draper, 370-80. Sumner's Jackson, 
 207-19, 276-82. II Schurz, 1-22. I Greeley, 93. Morse's 
 John Quincy Adams, 235. Von Hoist's Calhoun, 96-110. 
 VIII John Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 237, 410, 506-7. II Col- 
 ton's Clay, 176-218, 265-88. I Sargent, 229-31. Tyler's Taney, 
 184-8. IV Madison's Writings, 395. XLIII Niles' Register, 
 152, 159. Snow, 169-75. Fowler, 109. Landon, 160. Roose- 
 velt, 88. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Nullification as a "peaceful remedy." 
 
 2. Did Calhoun fear personal violence when he resigned? 
 
70 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 3. The diversified interests of the country as a barrier to a satisfactory tariff. 
 
 4. Right of a state to nullify an unconstitutional act of Congress. 
 
 no. [g) Nullification. The President's Proclamation. Force Bilt. 
 
 1S32-3. 
 
 I Von Hoist, 478-96. I Benton's View, 148, 297-308, 330, 
 
 342 ; II, 113. I Cuitis' Webster, 433-44, 469, 590. Sumner, 
 
 156, 219-20, 282-9. II Calhoun, 197-262. Ill Webster, 448- 
 
 505. II Lalor, 1052-5. I Stephens, 462-9. I Greeley, 95-100. 
 
 I Story, appendix (Doc.) XII Benton's Debates, 28-190. I 
 Johnston, 196. Lodge's Webster, 212-7. VIII John Ouincy 
 Adams, 504-20. Tyler's Taney, 188-90. II Garland's Ran- 
 dolph, 358. I Sargent, 174-7, 231. II Story's Story, 1 1 1. 
 
 II Colton's Clay, 218-9. II Kennedy, 346-51. XLIII Niles' 
 Register, 259, 339. Landon, 160-2. Shephard, 213. Centz, 
 260-2. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Was Calhoun guilty of treason? 
 
 2. Effect of the proclamation. 
 
 3. How far does the guarantee to each state prevent interference by *"he 
 
 national government? 
 
 4. Did the national government yield eventually? 
 
 5. The proclamation as a " declaration of war on South Carolina." 
 
 6. "States rights" as exemplified in Calhoun's resolutions of January, 1833. 
 
 III. {H) The Compromise Tariff of 1833. 
 
 I Colton's Clay, 222-64. Taussig, 60-7, 110-2. IV Schouler, 
 102-11. I Benton's View, 313-30, 342-7. II 190. II Bolles, 
 423. II Clay, 106-21. IV Webster, 258. II Lalor, 1054; 
 III, 862-3. I Curtis' Webster, 435, 444-55. Sumner, 221, 289. 
 I Von Hoist, 485, 499. II Schurz, 9-22. Lodge's Webster, 
 211-9. XII Benton's Debates, 81-6, 111-81 ; XIII, 751. Col- 
 ton's Correspondence, 348, 354. Pollard's L. C, 61. Roose- 
 velt, 105-13. I Sargent, 235-43, Fowler, 109. Snow, 183. 
 Sumner's American Currency, 98. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Terms of the Verplanck bill. Why was its passage impossible? 
 
 2. Effect of the horizontal rate of 20 per cent. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 7I 
 
 3. What parts of the new act tended most to ailay the feeling in the South? 
 
 4. Connection of the public lands bill with the tariff. 
 
 5. The new tariff as a " compromise " measure. 
 
 112. (/) The Supreme Court and Georgia, i82g-j2. 
 
 I Von Hoist, 449-58. I Benton's View, 24, 107, 163, 624, 
 690. Sumner, 173-84. I Greeley, 102-6. 10 Curtis, 214, 
 Worcester z/j-. Georgia. II Kennedy, 241-64, 290-7, 320-9. I 
 Lalor, 393. II Flanders, 445. VI John Quincy Adams' 
 Memoirs, 265-71 ; VIII, 343. Pomeroy, §122-33. Ill Schou- 
 ler, 477-9- Sargent, 177, 209-13, 250-3. Snow, 175-6. Roose- 
 velt, 171. Cooley's Constitution, loi. II Story's Story, 47, 
 78-87. Marshall's Writings, 412. XXXII Niles' Register, 
 255 ; XXXVI, 94, 235 ; XXXIX, 68, 338, 353 ; XLI, 70, 175, 
 3i3;XLII, 78. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. How was the title to the Indian lands acquired? 
 
 2. May a President refuse to execute a law declared valid by the Supreme 
 
 Court? 
 
 3. May a state refuse to obey a mandate of the Supreme Court? 
 
 4. Are Indians citizens of a state when residing in that state? 
 
 5. How did the states of the Union come into existence? 
 
 113. (7) Secures a Second Term, 1832. 
 
 I Von Hoist, 459; II, 37-40, 57, 158-64. I Kennedy, 
 299-320, 329-34. Ill Parton's Jackson, 222, 293-302, 382. 
 VIII John Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 232, 261, 366-8. I Sar- 
 gent, 186-8, 200-5, 247-9. Colton's Correspondence, 239-346. 
 I Benton's View, 282-6. IV Schouler, 71-85. Stanwood, 113. 
 I Curtis' Webster, 374-7, 391-404- Sumner, 154, 250-8. I 
 Schurz, 340-5, 378-83. Shephard, 212-13. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 New political elements in the election. 
 
 The anti-masonic question. 
 
 Personal influence of lackson. 
 
 The two-thirds rule in the Democratic convention. 
 
 The bank as a campaign issue. 
 
 114. {k) Destroys the Bank, 1830-33. 
 
 VIII John Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 435-57 ; IX, 17-93. 
 
72 TOPICAL REFEREN'CE LISTS. 
 
 Adams' Gallatin, 637-40. I Sargent, 213-29. Shephard, 173, 
 213-7. II Colton's Clay, 16. I Benton's View, 187-204, 213, 
 220-65,280,287,294. Ill Schouler, 469-75 ; IV, 44-54, 68. Ill 
 Parton's Jackson, 245, 260, 372-417, 493, 532. II Von Hoht, 
 31-50. Sumner, 236-44, 258-76, 291. I Lalor, 202. II Cal- 
 houn^ 344. I Schurz, 350-67, 372-8. Ill Webster, 39i-44«- 
 Von Hoist's Calhoun, no. I Curtis' Webster, 414-20. XLli 
 Niles' Reg. 365. Lodge's Webster, 208. I Poore's Reminis- 
 cences, 132. I Weed, 371. Tyler's Taney, 180. Mason, 32. 
 Gillet, 136. McCuUoch, 58-61. Sumner's x\merican Currency, 
 95. I Curtis' Buchanan, 413. Cutts, 22. Roosevelt, 114. 
 Snow, 177-82. I Weed, 371. I Garland's Randolph, 351. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Was the new charter the same as the old? 
 
 2. Has the executive power to declare an act unconstitutional? 
 
 3. How far should the expressed wishes of the executive control legislation? 
 
 4. Had the history of the bank demonstrated its expediency? 
 
 5. Was the bank charter a contract? 
 
 6. Was the President's veto unconstitutional? 
 
 115. (/) The Deposits. Expunging Resolution. Specie Circular, 1833-7 . 
 Ill Parton's Jackson, 508, 537. II Von Hoist, 50. I Colton's 
 Clay, 68-137. I Curtis' Webster, 470-98, 519, 540-8. Sumner, 
 296-316. I Benton's View, 371-486, 524-54, 717-30- ^^'ise, 
 136-45. II Schurz, 25-51, 100-6. I Lalor, 798. Ill Webster, 
 506; IV, 3-82, 103, 200, 292. XII Benton's Debates, 191, 
 204-777 ; XIII, 351-9, 462-97, 707-15- II Calhoun, 309, 354- 
 68. I Curtis' Buchanan, 291. I Sargent, 253-73, 298, 320-2, 
 332-44. IX John Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 17-108, 116. 
 Quincy's John Ouincy Adams, 225-34. Roosevelt, 130-42. I 
 Poore's Reminiscences, 141. Tyler's Taney, 191 -221. II 
 Story's Story, 153. Sumner's American Currency, 100, 136. 
 XLV Niles' Register, 236-7, 258. I Bryce, 366. Gillet, 140-5. 
 IV Schouler, 132-74, 237, 259. Mason, 33. Snow, 189. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Arguments for the constitutionality of the removal. 
 
 2. Would a cabinet officer be justified in obeying an unconstitutional order of 
 
 the executive? 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 73 
 
 3. Would a "scire facias '" have been effective? 
 
 4. Was the President impeachable? 
 
 5. Precedents for the expunging resolution. 
 
 9. What constitutional remedies exist for the performance of an illegal act 
 by the President? 
 
 116. (w) The Independent {Sub-) Treasury, 18J--41. 
 
 Shephard's Van Buren, 282-9, 296-8, 322-3. IV Schouler, 
 282-6,345-8. II Von Hoist, 189, 201-18. I Benton's View, 
 676, 694: II, 39-70, 83-94, 124, 157, 164. I Lalor, 203; II 
 493 ; III, 1103. Ill Barton's Jackson, 272, 515. II Webster's 
 Works, 235, 265. X John Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 298-325. 
 
 I Curtis' Webster, 565, 573. I Schurz, 136-44. XIII Benton's 
 Debates, 57-99, 162-90, 331-758. I Curtis' Buchanan, 422-49. 
 Roosevelt, 200-8. II Sargent, 25-51. Gillet, 195. Snow, 198. 
 Cutts, 27. 
 
 117. Panic of i8jj. 
 
 IV Schouler, 257-65, 276-81. II Bolles, 549. II Von 
 . Hoist's History, 173-99. H Schurz, 112-27. Sumner's Amer- 
 ican Currency, 132-48. I Curtis' Webster, 565-70. II Ben- 
 ton's View, 9-38, 365. I Curtis' Buchanan, 416-22. I Web- 
 ster's Works, 381-409. McCulloch, 57-60. Ill Lalor, 1061. 
 
 II Sargent, 76. Snow, 197. Roosevelt, 189- -00. Shephard, 
 272-9. Ta,ussig, 1 16. 
 
 THE PUBLIC LANDS. 
 
 118. (a) Survey and Sa/e. 
 
 VI Hamilton's Works, 47-55- 4 Johns Hopkins Univ- 
 ersity Studies, VII-IX. Donaldson. 14-27, 178-213. I 
 McMaster, 505-17 ; II. 144-59* 476-S2 : III, 117-45. II Lalor, 
 466. Ill Hildreth, 124 ; IV, 459-62 ; V, 349. 445. 475, 497 ; 
 VI. 700. II Sparks' Washington, 478. VII John Quincv 
 Adams' Memoirs, 263, 283. I Von Hoist. 179-82, 186-8. H 
 Jefferson's Works, 347,407-30. VI Bancroft, 118. II Bolles, 
 545. I Benton's Debates, 35. Adams' Gallatin, 167, 197, 298. 
 Cutts, 161. 
 
74 • TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Abuses in the disposition of the lands. 
 
 2. Jefferson's method of surveys. 
 
 3. The failure of the credit system. 
 
 4. May a state tax unoccupied land within its borders? 
 
 5. National effects of the school reservations. 
 
 6. Mistake of allotting land along river courses to the exclusion of land 
 
 lying away from the streams but which could be irrigated. 
 
 119. (d) Preemption and Homestead. 
 
 II Lalor, 462. Donaldson, 214, 332. Ill Hildreth, 593. 
 XIV Benton's Debates, 154-7, 184-246. IV Webster's Works, 
 391. II Weed, 442. IX John Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 149, 
 485. Roosevelt, 217. 
 
 120. (f) Distributing the Surplus Revenue, 1830-8. 
 
 I Benton's View, 124, 275, 362, 649, 707; II, 125. II 
 Bolles, 548. I Lalor, 729; II, 571; III, 1032. IV Webster, 
 238, 523. IV Schouler, 230-1. II Calhoun, 620. II Schurz, 
 117, 210. Von Hoist's Calhoun, 157-65- Sumner, 325. X 
 Benton's Debates, 583-687 ; XI, 446-510; XII, 12, 24-7, 201-4 ; 
 XIII, 22,61, 161, 182; XIV, 309-61, 516, 526. I Sargent, 
 205-8, 299. VIII John Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 171. Roose- 
 velt, 142. Colton's Correspondence, 315, 429-46, Gillet, 169. 
 Sumner's American Currency, 127. — Bourne, Edward G.: 
 History of the Surplus Revenue of 1837 New York, Put- 
 nam. $1.25. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. The various ways in which the surplus had accrued. 
 
 2. Use made of the instalments by the states. 
 
 3. Expediency of the colonization clause in the second bill. 
 
 4. Constitutionality of a " pocket veto." 
 
 5. Constitutionality of distributing the surplus. 
 
 6. Could the national funds be used to pay a state debt? 
 
 7. May a state repudiate its debts? 
 
 8. Using the surplus as a "bid for the presidency." 
 
 THE ABOLITION MOVEMENT. 
 
 121. {a) Leaders and Methods, 1821-^0. 
 
 I Wilson, 165-88, 223-98. II Williams, 37-86. II Von 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 
 
 75 
 
 Hoist, 80-120, 219-24. IV Schouler, 203-21. I Greele)-, 
 107-21, 178-85. VII Winsor, 287. May, 10-185, -36-313. I 
 Draper, 332-8. Ill Parton's Jackson, 584-9. I Curtis' Web- 
 ster, 525-7. Ill Rives, 129. Ill Calhoun, 140. XIII Ben- 
 ton's Debates, 699, 703-71. I Curtis' Buchanan, 275-83. I 
 Rhodes, 53. II Schurz, 70-8. II Johnston, 3-46. McCulloch, 
 36-7. II Sargent, 59-61. IX John Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 
 350, 365, 544; X, 132. Roosevelt, 157-63, 290-7. I Poore's 
 Reminiscences, 210. I Blaine, 21-5. Landon, 189. Shep- 
 hard, 230-4. Snow, 190. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 The possibility of abolition by legislation. 
 Failure of colonization to solve the problem. 
 Charges that the abolitionists instigated insurrections. 
 Politics as a disturbing element in the abolition ranks. 
 Southern demand for a restraint of the Northern press. 
 
 12 2. {b) Slavery in the District of Columbia, 182Q-61. 
 
 VIII John Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 434-54, I Wilson, 299- 
 306. I Von Hoist's History, 170-2, 235, 251 n., 276-82. I 
 Benton's View, 576, 611 ; II, 134-44. I Curtis' Buchanan, 
 315-9. I Wilson, 298, IV Webster's Works, 230, 371. 
 Morse's John Quincy Adams, 249, II Schurz, 152, I Curtis' 
 Webster, 529, 549. IX Benton's Debates, 352-75 ; X, 229-314; 
 XI, 161, 660-743. Fowler, 117, Shephard, 233-5. Roose- 
 velt, 164, I Greeley, 142, 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Attitude of Van Buren toward power of Congress over slavery in the 
 
 District, 
 
 2. Washington city as a central slave exchange. 
 
 3. Effect of extending the Maryland laws to the District of Columbia, 
 
 4. Final abolishment of the slave trade in the District. 
 
 123. {c) Using the Mails. Incendiary Publications, 183^-6. 
 
 I Von Hoist, 121-38. I Benton's View, 574-5, 580-8. I 
 Greeley, 122-42. I Wilson, 322-34, 339-43. Ill Calhoun's 
 Works, 199; V, 190-207. I Curtis' Buchanan, 338-57. II 
 Schurz, 78-85, 162-70. Von Hoist's Calhoun, 134-50. I Sar- 
 gent, 294-5. Roosevelt, 168-70. Sumner's Jackson, 348-51. 
 
76 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 Shephard, 235-8: Snow, 192. XLVIII Niles' Register, 128, 
 448; XLIX, 28. IV Schouler, 216-20, 296. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Comparison of these publications with obscene literature. 
 
 2. The rifling of the mails more unlawful than the sending of the literature. 
 
 3. Calhoun's theory on the right of a state to regulate mail matter within its 
 
 borders. 
 
 124. [d) Right of Petition Denied by Congress, 1836-44. 
 
 VII John Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 97 ; X, 114. Quincy's 
 John Quincy Adams, 240-86, 293, 343. II Von Hoist's History, 
 236-91, 467-78, 543- II Wilson, 23, 25, 307-20,346-54,423-38. 
 Morse's John Quincy x\dams, 249-370. I Benton's View, 619 ; 
 II, 150. IV Schouler, 223-8, 422-8. Von Hoist's Calhoun, 
 124-34, 165. May, 185-230. I Rhodes, 69-72. II Story, 
 §619. II Calhoun, 465, 625; VIII, 434; IX, 350, 377-82; 
 XI, 109. I Curtis' Buchanan, 319-37 ; II, 274. HI Lalor, 
 167. II Curtis' Webster, 29-33. ^H Benton's Debates, 705 ; 
 XIII, 5-28, 158, 186, 265-90, 295, 555-743- I Sargent, 294, 
 306, 323-32; II, 51-5, 142-59, 254-7. Fowler, 117-28. I 
 Weed, 426. Tyler's Taney, 342. Shephard, 325-6. Snow, 
 193. LI Niles' Register, index. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. What arguments were used to overcome the constitutional provision for 
 
 right of petition? 
 
 2. Right of petition as an inheritance. 
 
 3. Is there any redress for the censure of a member by Congress? 
 
 4. Is the right of petition observed if petitions are received and their prayer 
 
 refused without debate? 
 
 ,125. The Whig Victory 0/1840. 
 
 II Von Hoist's History, 343-405. IV Schouler, 328-41. 
 Shephard's Van Buren, 323-35. Stanwood, 123. Wise, 157-79. 
 II Schurz, 171-97. II Curtis' Webster, 51, 47-52. Lodge's 
 Webster, 238. I Poore's Reminiscences, 232-56. II Webster's 
 Works, 3-109. II Benton's View, 203, 209. McCulloch, 
 53-8. I Curtis' Buchanan, 449-57. Colton's Correspondence, 
 415. Roosevelt, 232-6. I W^eed, 490. I Lalor, 776 ; HI, 
 iioi. II Sargent, 72-1 11. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 77 
 
 TYLER AND HIS PARTY. 
 
 126. (a) Policy and Cabinet, 1842-j. 
 
 IV Schouler, 367-73. II Von Hoist's History, 383-415, 434. 
 II Colton's Clay, 355-6. II Sargent, 123-42, 188-92, 215. 
 Roosevelt, 237-46. X John Ouincy Adams' Memoirs, 469, 
 473. 537 ; XI, 279, 338-46 ; XII, 37, 253. Wise, 180-217. II 
 Benton's View, 21 1-9, 353-62, 417, 562. II Curtis' Webster, 
 206,229-31. I Curtis' Buchanan, 458-60. I Greeley, 154. I 
 Schurz, 198-202, 212-27. Ill Lalor, 1065. Gillet, 228. 
 
 127. {b) Vetoing the Bank Bills, 18 41. 
 
 II Benton's View, 317-53, 365, 375-96. II Curtis' Webster, 
 69-80. II Colton's Clay, 354-403. Shephard, 280-4. IV 
 Schouler, 374-96, 404-6. II Von Hoist, 415-38, 449. II 
 Schurz, 204-10. Wise, 185-8, 204-6. I Lalor, 204. XIV Ben- 
 ton's Debates, 19, 300-84. Lodge's Webster, 250. Wise, 
 184-93, 203-6. I Lalor, 203. II Sargent, 122-42. X John 
 Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 537. Roosevelt, 246-59. I Weed, 
 507. Colton's Correspondence, 454-5. Snow, 203. Mason, 
 76. I Sargent, 316. Wise, 184-93, 204. LX Niles' Reg., 
 index. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Use and abuse of the veto power. 
 
 2. Tyler's action as "following the example of the fathers of the great 
 
 republican school." 
 
 3. Had the bank question entered into the previous election? 
 
 4. Branch banks as an infringement of state sovereignty. 
 
 128. Revision of the Tariff, 1842. 
 
 II Von Hoist, 453-63. IV Schouler, 406-16. II Benton's 
 View, 413. Ill Lalor. 862. XIV Benton's Debates, 307, 
 417-526; XV, 97-140, 565-631. IV Calhoun's Works, 164-21 1. 
 Wise, 206. II Sargent, 158, 171, 176-188. II Colton's Clay, 
 318. Taussig, 112. Snow, 204. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Absence of a warehousing system. 
 
 2. The revival of trade in 1843 as a result of the tariff changes. 
 
 3. Rise of the iron manufacture. 
 
 4. Tyler's position with his party complicates the tariff question. 
 
78 TOPICAL REFERENXE LISTS. 
 
 INTERNATIONAL LAW AND SLAVERY. 
 
 I2Q. (a) Fugitive Slaves, 1830-42. 
 
 II Von Hoist's History, 128, 292-311, 312-9; III, 128-34. 
 IV Schoiiler, 427-9. I Greeley, 175-9. II Benton's View, 182, 
 409. VII Benton's Debates, 296, 308, 317. II Sargent, 
 282-5. I Wilson, 439-42. Von Hoist's Calhoun, 204. II 
 Stephens, 62-76. II Lalor, 316. 
 
 130. (//) Slave Traders, i8jg-42. 
 
 II Von Hoist's History, 321-9,479. II Benton's View, 409-13. 
 I Greeley, 176-8. VI Webster, 347-391. I Wilson, 456-69. 
 VII Benton's Debates, 122, 455-9. IV Schooler, 343. II Wil- 
 liams, 93-7. X John Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 132-5, 
 360-470. Oiiincy's John Quincy Adams, 325, II Story's 
 Story, 346. I Lalor, 87 ; III, 732. Lodge's Webster, 253. 
 Von Hoist's Calhoun, 209-12. 14 Curtis, 156 (15 Peters, 518). 
 
 131. {e) The Ashburton Treaty, 1842. 
 
 VII Winsor, 179, 493, 525 (Bibliog.) II Curtis' Webster, 
 52-69, 81-5, 94-205. IV Schouler, 396-404. II Benton's View, 
 276-305, 420-52. II Von Hoist's History, 486-500. XI John 
 Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 297, 311, 406, 501-3. Roosevelt, 
 260. XIV Benton's Debates, 38-42, 103-13, 530-99, 707-16 
 XIII, 679-766 : XV, 450-62. II Webster, 109-55, 347-91 5 VI 
 270, 292. I Curtis' Buchanan, 505. Lodge's Webster, 248-59 
 Von Hoist's Calhoun, 204-12. Stevens, 361. Barrows, 179 
 Colton's Correspondence, 460-1. II Sargent, 163. I Poore's 
 Reminiscences, 282. Ill Lalor, 947. LXII Niles' Register, 54 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Right of the federal government to pay rewards for returning fugitive 
 
 slaves. 
 
 2. The principles of international law as applied to slaves. 
 
 3. Distinction between a vessel voluntarily entering a port and being driven 
 
 in bv storm. 
 
 4. Justice of the arraignment of England in tlie Cass pamphlet. 
 
 5. The application of " the right of search." 
 
 6. The peisonalitv of Lord Ashburton in the negotiations. 
 
 7. The "1-attlc of tlie maps." 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. ^ 79 
 
 EXTENSION OF TERRITORY, 1820-46. 
 
 132. (a) First Glimpse of Texas, 1820-4J. 
 
 U Von Hoist's History, 548-587. I Greeley, 147-50. I Sar- 
 gent, 316-19; H, 62, 201, 218. I Benton's View, 94, 581, 
 665-76. IX John Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 298, 330, 377-9, 
 43i-43» 537 ; X, 6-22. I Poore's Constitution, 304-65; H, 
 172-63. I Draper, 385-92. Roosevelt, 173-83. XVI H. H. 
 Bancroft, 1-388. Ill Lalor, 921. I Curtis' Webster, 321-4. I 
 Blaine, 26-47. VI Webster's Works, 422-63. IV Schouler, 
 248-57. Von Hoist's Calhoun, 222. Donaldson, 120. Shep- 
 hard, 346-8. I Curtis' Buchanan, 367. Roosevelt, 173-83. 
 Landon, 167. XIII Benton's Debates, 43, 99, 159, 194-200, 
 325-31, 463-4, 660-4. Wise, 146-52. U Poore's Constitu- 
 tions, 1752. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 Connection of present question with Louisiana purchase. 
 
 Early introduction of slavery into Texas. 
 
 Rise and growth of the boundary disputes. 
 
 Attitude of President Adams toward acquisition of Texas. 
 
 Right of the United States to permit her troops to enter Texan soil in 1836. 
 
 Right of legislative " instruction " to senators. 
 
 iT,2>- (^) Effect on the Election of 1844. 
 
 II Von Hoist's History, 657-709. Stanvvood, 144. II Sar- 
 gent, 220-8, 232-54. Shephard, 341-5. 350- IV Schouler, 
 459-80. II Benton's View, 591-626. I Greeley, 161-70. I 
 Wilson, 603-9. H Schurz, 248-67. Blaine, 30-9. I Lalor, 85, 97. 
 II Curtis' Webster, 236, 241. Von Hoist's Calhoun, 247. Wise, 
 230. Colton's Correspondence, 480-523. O'Neil, 138-41. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Attitude of Henry Clay toward slavery and annexation. 
 
 2. Annexation the prime question. 
 
 3. Reasons for the rejection of Van Buren by his party. 
 
 4. Lack of unity in the Democratic party no barrier to victory. 
 
 5. The Liberty party as a deciding element. 
 
 134. (<r) Annexation Leads to War, 1844-8. 
 
 II Von Hoist's History, 587-656, 673-90, 702-14 ; III, 61- 
 116, 198-216. 239-56. II Benton's View, 632, 639-49, 677-82, 
 
8o TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 693. IV Schouler, 440-59, 481-9, 518-48. 4 John Hopkins 
 University Studies, VII-IX. I Wilson, 587-620,663 ; II, 7-13. 
 VII Winsor, 505-6. I Draper, 385-96. I Greeley, 17 1-5. 
 Wise, 221-31. V Webster, 55, 253-302. V H, H. Bancroft, 
 entire. I Rhodes 75-89. II Schiirz, 86-94, 235-47, 270-300. 
 Ill Parton's Jackson, 653. Donaldson, 121-38. II Curtis' 
 Webster, 229-55, 290, 300. Von Hoist's Calhoun, 224-88. IV 
 Calhoun, 303, 396 ; V, 31 1-4. Sumner's Jackson, 355. I Cur- 
 tis' Buchanan, 543-7, 579-618. Towle, 367. I Lalor, 97 ; HI, 
 921. II Sargent, 259 63, 291-7, 309-16. XI John Quincy 
 Adams's Memoirs, 347-70; XII, 13-33. Roosevelt, 297-316. 
 Adams' Gallatin, 670-7. I Poore's Reminiscences, 314. II 
 Story's Story, 480, 509. I Blaine, 62-6. Snow, 206. Fowler, 
 133. I Poore's Constitution, 185. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. " The power of annexing an independent foreign state is not delegated to 
 
 Congress or any department, but reserved by the people. — J. Q. 
 Adams. 
 
 2. Action of state legislatures on annexation. 
 
 3. The constitutional lack of power to use force against a foreign state in 
 
 time of peace. 
 
 4. Ground for Calhoun's alarm at the prospective interference of England. 
 
 5. Liability of President Tyler to impeachment for promising protection to 
 
 Texas. 
 
 6. Was annexation by joint proclamation constitutional? 
 
 135. {d) Early History of the Oregon Contest, ij 28- 1843. 
 
 HI • Von Hoist's History, 25-61. I H. H Bancroft, xvii 
 (Bibliog.) I Benton's View, 468-82, 578, 624; 11,13, 5o-4? io9- 
 Barrows, 27-129. II Lalor, 1045. ^^^ Gallatin, 491-536. VII 
 Benton's Debates, 392-421 ; VIII, 183-121 ; X, 273-314; XIH, 
 622, 735 ; XIV, 18, 203, 625-700. II Curtis Webster, 172. II 
 Webster, 322 ; V, 60-70, 294. Lodge's Webster, 265. I Blaine, 
 48-51. Roosevelt, 50, 278-86. Cutts, 61-4. II Poore's Con- 
 stitution, 1482. 
 
 136. {i) Oregon Contest of 1844-6. 
 
 II H. H. Bancroft, 316-417. VII Winsor, 555-562. IV 
 Schouler, 504-14. Ill Von Hoist's History, 158-98, 216. II 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 8l 
 
 Benton's View, 660-77. XII John Quincy Adams' Memoirs, 
 131-57, 220-8. II Sargent, 269-85. II Curtis' Webster, 255-65. 
 IV Calhoun, 238-90. II Schurz, 277-82. XV Benton's 
 Debates, 52-652. V Webster, 60-151. Von Hoist's Calhoun, 
 261-74. II Lalor, 1046. I Rhodes, 86. II Poore, 1482,1865. 
 I Curtis' Buchanan, 551-78. Roosevelt, 287-9. I Poore's 
 Reminiscences, 335. I Blaine, 51-6. Cutts, 64. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. The claim that Oregon was included in the Louisiana purchase. 
 
 2. An outline of the claims of each nation. 
 Influence of the Mexican war spirit. 
 Power of the Hudson Bay Company. 
 
 5. The question of right of discovery and exploration. 
 
 6. Comparison of Calhoun and Polk's plans of procedure. 
 Cause of Polk's "change of base." 
 
 TERRITORIAL SLAVERY. 
 
 137. (a) Clayton's Bill. *' Decisions by Supreme Court'' /( 
 
 III Von Hoist's History, 385-97. I Rhodes, 95. I Greeley, 
 190-1. IV Calhoun's Works, 479. XVI Benton's Debates, 
 28-240. II Sargent, 322. 
 
 138. (^) Calhoun's "-Extension of the Constitution^" 1848. 
 
 Ill Von Hoist's History, 308-22, 351, 422-30. II Benton's 
 View, 696-700, 713-5, 727. 1 Greeley, 188-90. IV Calhoun, 
 339-96. V Webster, 302. Von Hoist's Calhoun, 288-307. II 
 Curtis' Webster, 360. I Rhodes, 94. II Johnston, 46. II 
 Stephens, 166. Comte de Paris, 107-16. II Sargent, 318-21, 
 337-41. Roosevelt, 323. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Reasons for the rejection of the Clayton bill. 
 
 2. The objection to the Supreme Court as a political organization. 
 
 3. Arguments for or against Calhoun's four propositions. 
 
 4. Had the Supreme Court recognized slaves as property? 
 
 5. Does the sixth amendment include a trial for recovery of a slave? 
 
 6. Benton on Calhoun's propositions. 
 
 7. The Missouri compromise as a contract. 
 
 8. "Would slavery have existed in a territory created out of previously wild 
 
 territory? 
 
82 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 139. (^•) Wilmot Pro%nso, 1846-8. 
 
 Ill Von Hoist's History, 86-327. I Greeley, 185-91. I 
 Blaine, 65. H Wilson, 13-30. H Sargent, 342-71. 1 Rhodes, 
 90-2. H Benton's View, 567-696. HI Lalor, 11 14. H Curtis' 
 Buchanan, 14. H Schurz, 301. H Curtis' Webster, 302-7. 
 IV Schouler, 543. IV Calhoun, 339-48. XVI Benton's De- 
 bates, 37-109. I Draper, 400. I Blaine, 66-8, 73. O'Neii, 
 141-5. Fowler, 144. Cutts, 75. 
 
 140. {(f) In the Election 0/1848. 
 
 Stanwood, 161. I Wilson, 123-60. HI Von Hoist's His- 
 tory, 358-85, 397-403. I Greeley, 191--3. H Curtis' Webster, 
 309-10, 332-42, 346, 350-9. II Webster, 447. I Rhodes, 97. 
 II Schurz, 303. Lodge's Webster, 272, II Curtis' Buchanan, 
 5-11. II Lalor, 287. Wise, 241. II Benton's View, 722. Col- 
 ton's Correspondence, 541-77. I Blaine, 74-85. 41 Sargent, 
 334. I Poore's Reminiscences, 344. I Weed, 576. 
 
 EXERCISES 
 
 Importance of the New York contest in the Democratic convention. 
 
 Reasons why the Whigs should reject Clay. 
 
 Taylor as a " People's candidate." 
 
 Reasons for the choice of Van Buren by the Free Soil party. 
 
 The recent tariff influences the election in Pennsylvania. 
 
 141. {e) A Government for Oregon, 1846-8. 
 
 HI Von Hoist's History, 348-58, 385, 396-401. XXIX H. 
 H. Bancroft, 755. I Greeley, 196-8. II Benton's View, 
 711-13. II Poore, 1485. II Curtis' Webster, 343-5. II Wil- 
 son, 31-49. Von Hoist's Calhoun, 307-15. I Rhodes, 96. HI 
 Lalor, 1 1 15. XVI Benton's Debates, 240-56. II Sargent, 
 336. Roosevelt, 327. 
 
 142. (/) Proposed Governments for California and New Mexico, 
 
 1846-g. 
 HI Von Hoist's History, 404-16, 444-84, 518-22. XXIII 
 H. H. Bancroft, 1-308. I Rhodes, 111-15. I Draper, 401-3." 
 II Wilson, 208-1 1. II Curtis' Webster, 450-63. II Schurz, 
 361. XVI Benton's Debates, 202-350, 590. II Sargent, 337. 
 Roosevelt, 337. I Greeley, 193. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 83 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Difficulties of the provisional government in dealing with the " gold 
 
 fever " settlers. 
 
 2. Attitude of Douglas toward the introduction of slavery into California. 
 
 3. Precedent of Kentucky having been admitted as a state without having 
 
 made a state constitution. 
 
 4. Constitutionality of "extending the constitution." 
 
 5. Could California have withheld her public lands? 
 
 143. (g) J he Compromise of 1 8^0. 
 
 Ill Von Hoist's History, 484-88, 515-60. H Benton's View, 
 740-3, 765-87. H Wilson, 221-403. H Stephens, 198-234. H 
 Curtis' Webster, 381-429, 446-8, 476, 506-8. H Sargent, 
 245-371. H Schurz, 315-72. I Lalor, 552 (v), 779 (v). Von 
 Hoist's Calhoun, 309-52. Lodge's Webster, 275-330. H John- 
 ston, 46-135- V Webster, 381-429, 324, 375, 381, 412. H 
 Storyf§i9i9-2 2. XVI Benton's Debates, 380-585. I Greeley, 
 198-210. Tyler's Taney, 354-8. Fowler, 148-74, 176. I 
 Poore's Reminiscences, 359. O'Neil, 146-55. I Draper, 405. 
 Cutts, 78. I Blaine, 91-8. I Davis' Confederate Government, 
 14. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 The demands of the North and the South which led to a compromise. 
 Sectional lines indicated by the various votes of Congress. 
 Effect of the compromise on the political career of Webster. 
 Constitutionality of the fugitive slave bill. 
 
 Existence of slavery within the territory prior to the compromise. 
 The need for any compromise whatever. 
 
 " The first instance of vital measures carried in Congress under the direct 
 spur of pecuniary interest." — Greeley. 
 8. Did the compromise of 1 850 supersede the compromise of 1820? 
 
 144. Enforcing the Fugitive Slave Act, 1830-60. 
 
 II Wilson, 62-86,304-37,352-9, 444-51, 449, 639-42. IV Von 
 Hoist's History, 9-29, 37-40. II Lalor, 316 ; III, 162. May, 
 296-386. I Rhodes, 207-43. II Benton's View, 773-80. II 
 Webster, 577. I Greeley, 212-8. II Curtis Webster, 488-91. 
 II Stephens, 44-53- I Draper, 336-8. II Curtis' Buchanan, 
 13. II Sargent, 373, 378. Tyler's Taney, 392-401. Cooley's 
 Constitution, 151. . :, 
 
84 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 KANSAS-NEBRASKA CONTROVERSY. 
 
 J45. (a) The Ad of 1834. 
 
 Ill Von Hoist's History, 352 ; IV, 280-401. I Greeley, 
 224-40. I Rhodes, 421-98. I Blaine, 11 1-22. II Wilson, 
 378-405. Cutts, 84-104. II Stephens, 242-62. I Draper, 
 409-14. II Lalor, 667 ; III, 281-4. Wise, 243. II Johnston, 
 183-255. IV Calhoun, 339, 535. II Curtis' Buchanan, 194. 
 Spring, 24-68. Pollard's L. C, 67. Roosevelt, 349. I Poore's 
 Reminiscences, 439. Cox's Eight Years, 13. Landon, 195. 
 Cox's Three Dec, 54. I Davis, 26-9. Sanborn, 161-87. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Theory of " squatter sovereignty " as a means between the extreme Wil- 
 
 mot proviso and southern protection of slavery. 
 
 2. Was the compromise of 1820 broken in 1850 by the refusal of the North 
 
 to apply it to the territory acquired from Mexico? 
 
 3. " Squatter sovereignty " as a cause of disruption in the Democratic party. 
 
 4. The views of Gov. Reeder as known prior to his appointment. 
 
 146. {b) Topeka Constitution, 1833-6. 
 
 Y Von Hoist's History, 168-183. II Rhodes, 78-87, 98-107. 
 I Greeley, 240-4. II Wilson, 462-74, 496. I Lalor, 296 ; II, 
 665. Jameson, §211-2. II Curtis' Buchanan, 197. Spring, 
 69-78, 129, 204-14, 257. I Draper, 415. 
 
 147. (c) Border Warfare, 1833-7. 
 
 I Rhodes, 150-68. V Von Hoist's History, 174-84, 284-333. 
 Sanborn, 187-418. I Draper, 411. II Wilson, 496-507. I 
 Greeley, 241-5. II Curtis' Buchanan, 198-201. II Stephens, 
 258. Spring, 79-256- 
 
 148. {d) Lecompton Constitution, 1836-8. 
 
 II Rhodes, 278-301. V Von Hoist's History, 47-96; VI, 
 47. II Wilson, 534-56. I Greeley, 249. I Draper, 423-34. 
 Spring, 209-26. Wise, 245. Jameson, §213-6. II Curtis' 
 Buchanan, 206-10. I Blaine, 139-44- Cutts, 113. II Lalor, 666. 
 
 149. {e) The Question in Congress, 1836-7. 
 
 V Von Hoist's History, 224-56, 276-422. Spring, 74-8, 
 106-8. II Wilson, 470-7, 501-7. I Greeley, 250. I Poore's 
 Constitutions, 1857. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 8$ 
 
 EXERCISES 
 
 1. " Can the people of a United States Territory, in any lawful way, against 
 
 the wish of any citizen of the United States, exclude slavery from its 
 limits prior to the formation of a State Constitution? "—Lincoln. 
 
 2. If a territorial legislature should make a charter affecting slavery, could 
 
 it be changed after the state had been organized? 
 
 3. The struggle for the two constitutions. 
 
 150. (/) The Assault on Sumner, 1 8^6. 
 
 II Rhodes, 122-49. V Von Hoist's History, 313-33. I 
 Greeley, 299. II Wilson, 478-95. II Johnston, 256-314. IV 
 Sumner, 137-60, 249-71. Spring, 128. I Poore's Reminis- 
 cences, 460. I Lalor, 310; 111,833. 
 
 151. Election of 18^6. 
 
 V Von Hoist's History, 74-130, 186-223, 234-280, 334-75. 
 II Rhodes, 45-72, 87-97, 118, 169-236. II Wilson, 406-34, 
 508-22. I Lalor, 86, 779 (v), 86; II, 669; III, 1107 (iii). II 
 Curtis' Buchanan, 169-96. I Greeley, 246-8. II Stephens, 257. 
 Stanwood, 192. Wise, 245. O'Neil, 156-63. I Blaine, 122- 
 30. I Poore's Reminiscences, 497- 
 
 152. Dred Scott Case, i8jy. 
 
 II Williams, 114-24. Tyler's Taney, 359-92, 517. VI Von 
 Hoist, 1-46. II Wilson, 523-33, 633-8. 19 Howard, 393. I 
 Greeley, 251-64. I Lalor, 838. II Curtis' Buchanan, 205. I 
 Blaine, 130-5. I Draper, 407. II Rhodes, 249-77. I Stephens, 
 260. Ill Johnston, 28. Crane & Moses, 217. Landon, 201. 
 I Poore's Reminiscences, 516. Cooley's Constitution, 179. 
 Fowler, 191. I Davis, 83-4. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Changes in the complexion of the supreme court since Jackson's admin- 
 
 istration. 
 
 2. Buchanan's inaugural address as foreshadowing the decision of the court. 
 
 3. Refutation of Taney's claim that the founders of the republic regarded 
 
 slaves as property only (Const., Art. I, § 2, Par. 3 and Art. I, § 9, 
 Par. I.) 
 
 4. Calhoun's " extension of the Constitution " compared with the opinion 
 
 of the Chief Justice. 
 
86 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 153. The Lincoln- Douglas Debates, 1858. 
 
 Von Hoist's History, 267-300. I Rhodes, 491-4; H, 307-43. 
 I Greeley, 301. H Wilson, 566-77. HI Johnston, 3, 17. 1 
 Blaine, 144-50- Raymond, 13-30, 33-42. 
 
 154. John Brown's Insurrection, i8§8. 
 
 Sanborn, 418-632. VH Von Hoist's History, 18-59. ^I 
 Wilson, 587-600. May, 387-8. I Greeley, 279-99. Pollard's 
 Davis, 70-4. I Blaine, 154-7. I Draper, 525-7. Wise, 247. I 
 Lalor, 310. I Davis, 41. H Williams, 214-27." Pollard's L. 
 C., 70. Fowler, 197. 
 155 Buchanan's Policy and Party, 18^8 61. 
 
 H Curtis' Buchanan, 246-61, 297-314, 365-72, 406-17, 
 478-566. VH Von Hoist's History, 39, 89-105, 312-402. HI 
 Wilson, 11-21, 161, 608-14. I Greeley, 300, 367-72, 407-14. 
 I Davis, 54, 215-20. Pollard's L. C., 95-9. 1 Blaine, 221-41. 
 I Draper, 518-21, 542-68. Wise, 245, 278. Raymond, 31, 64. 
 HI Lalor, 533. II Rhodes, 349-59. II Stephens, 150-63, 
 260-75. Pollard's Davis, 56-9. I Comte De Paris, 119, 123-4. 
 Gillet, 251-9. I Appleton's Cyc. (1861), 697-707. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Contrast the executive policy of Buchanan with that of Jackson. 
 
 2. The President's policy as shown in his message of i860. 
 
 3. Buchanan's view of the power to coerce a seceding state. 
 
 THE ELECTION OF 1860. 
 
 156. {a) The Conventions. 
 
 VII Von Hoist's History, 1 10-210. II Rhodes, 429-77. 
 Stanwood, 214-33. II Wilson, 673-95. I Greeley, 306-21. I 
 Draper, 493-503. Raymond, 43-8. I Lalor, 611, 781. II 
 Curtis' Buchanan, 284 6. I Blaine, 157-70. II Weed, 260-3, 
 273, 321. Pollard's L. C, 76-8. Tyler's Taney, 402. II 
 Stephens, 271-7. I Davis, 49. 
 
 157. {h) Cajfipaign and Vote. 
 
 VII Von Hoist's History, 211-48. II Rhodes, 321-9. II 
 Wilson, 695-794. Raymond, 47-55- I Davis, 47-57- I Gree- 
 lev, 321-9. I Blaine, 170-7, 215. I Draper, 493-507. Cox, 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 8/ 
 
 59. Ill Lalor, 599, 11 17. Pollard's Davis, 76. I Blaine, 
 169-207. McPhersun's History, i. I Comte de Paris, 1 16-8. 
 II Poore's Reminiscences, 53. Pollard's L. C, 78-81. I 
 Weed, 602. Tyler's Taney, 405-8. O'Neil, 164-7. 
 
 EXKRCISES : 
 
 1. Outline of the platform of each of the four parties. 
 
 2. Efforts to unite the other three against the Republican party. 
 
 3. The existence of a pledge among the Southern States, prior to the elec- 
 
 tion, to withdraw from the Union. 
 
 4. The assertion that the secessionists aided the election of Lincoln to gain 
 
 an excuse for action. 
 
 SECESSION, 1861. 
 158. (a) Theory, Causes and Preparation. 
 
 I Stephens, 17-49, 408, 495-529; II, 5-24, 261. VII Von 
 Hoist's History, 249-311. I Davis, 186, 204. Pollard's L. C, 
 81-6. Ill Lalor, 693-9. Wise, 248-54. I Draper, 418-92. 
 Centz, 23-40, 373-432. Tyler's Taney, 417-26. McCulloch, 
 153-9. McPherson, 389-99. I Calhoun's Works, 300. Cox's 
 Three Decades, loi. Fowler, 204, 217-24. II Williams, 
 228-41. II Weed, 370. Pollard's Davis, 53, 61-6. Cox's 
 Eight Years, 188 II Story's Com., p. 748. I Comte de 
 Paris, 118. I Appleton's Cyclopaedia (1861), 121-5, 129-30, 
 614. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Is the "Union much older than the Constitution?" 
 
 2. Chances for the perpetuity of slavery in a separate South. 
 
 3. A comparison of the statesmen of the North and South. 
 
 4. A " peaceful dissolution " of the compact. 
 
 5. The election of Lincoln as a factor in secession. 
 
 6. The seventh Article of the Constitution as a provision for secession. 
 
 7. Constitutional means for resisting secession. 
 
 8. The circular letter of Gov. Gist. 
 
 159. {b) South Carolina Convention. Federal Resignations. 
 
 II Curtis' Buchanan, 315-64, 372-401. Preston, 304-13. I 
 Draper, 508-17, 523. Ill Lalor, 699. II Wilson, 109-12. I 
 Cxreeley, 330-7, 340-7, 632 (vi). I Blaine, 215-21, 242-57. 
 Pollard's L. C, 82-90. I Davis, 70, 220-7. Raymond, 56, 65. 
 
88 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 Fowler, 224-9. Pollard's Davis, 45. 1 Comte de Paris, 121. 
 Cox's Three Decades, 108-10. McPherson, 2. Preston, 305. 
 
 160. (r) Attempts to Compromise. 
 
 VII Von Hoist's History, 403-59. I Greeley, 367-403. II 
 Curtis' Buchanan, 418-44. I Lalor, 578, 553 (vi),782 (vi) ; III, 
 533. Ill Wilson, 22-42, 70-108. I Blaine, 258-74. I Draper, 
 522-4. I Davis, 57-70, 247-63. Wise, 271-7. Pollard's L. C, 
 93-4. Raymond, 65-77. Ill Johnston, 68-127. MacPherson, 
 48. I Comte de Paris, 128, 131. Fowler, 229-32. Cox's 
 Three Decades, 62-82. II Stephens, 366. Cox's Eight 
 Years, 17-30. Pollard's Davis, 80-6. I Appleton's Cyc, 
 (1861), 562-8. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. An outline of the various attempts to form a compromise. 
 
 2. Compromise precedent m the United States. 
 
 3. Cause of failure to compromise. 
 
 4. Objections of Congress to the report of the Peace Conference at Washing- 
 
 ton. 
 
 5. The fugitive slave question in the proposed compromise Amendment 
 
 161. ( ^) General Secession. Establishment of the Confederate Gov- 
 
 ernment. 
 I Greeley, 336-51. 414-8, 449-53. 458-97- HI Wilson, i-io, 
 112-26. II Stephens, 300-24, 360-70, 710-35. I Davis, 220, 
 227-47, 640. I Draper, 528-37, 528. MacPherson, 2-48. 
 Jameson, 247-50. Pollard's L. C, 86-995, ^^S~l- I Lalor, 
 566; III, 700. II Curtis' Buchanan, 476. XVI H. H. Ban- 
 croft, 430. McCulloch, 160. Cox's Three Decades, 112-22. 
 Pollard's Davis, 87-108. I Comte de Paris, 125, 128. I 
 Appleton's Cyc. (1861), 126-32, 141. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Cause of the failure of the "border states " to secede. 
 
 2. Vital points of difference between the Constitution of the United States 
 
 and that of the Confederate States. 
 
 3. The feature of "impeachment by State Legislature." 
 
 4. Attitude of the Confederate government toward protective tariffs. 
 
 5. Provisions for laws in the Confederate government. 
 
 6. The right of " coercion " by the general government as shown in the 
 
 debates of the Convention of 1787. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY. 8q 
 
 THE WAR OF THE REBELLION. 
 
 162. (a) Lincoln's InaugiD-aiiofi. Fort Sumter, 186/ . 
 
 I Greeley, 418-49. Ill Wilson, 173-210. Pollard's L. C, 
 loo-ii. I Davis, 256, 219, 26792. I Blaine, 279-97. II 
 Stephens, 34-44, 344-55. Ill Johnston, 164-245. II Curti.s' 
 Buchanan, 444-70- Raymond, 78-121. MacPherson, 105. II 
 Draper, 13-40. II T.alor, 770. Gillet, 261-70. II Poore's 
 Reminiscences, 62-82. I Comte de Paris, 133. Pollard's 
 Davis, 109. I Appleton's Cyc. (1861), 410-20, 664-9, 7 10. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. The reputed pledge of the administration to send reinforcements to Sum- 
 
 ter, 
 
 2. Peace policy of Lincoln as evidenced in his inaugural address. 
 
 3. Justification of the administration in refusing to receive the Confederate 
 
 commissioners. 
 
 4. Lincoln's right to declare war. 
 
 5. Does the fact that the national government accepts a site for a fort on 
 
 conditions prescribed by a state modify the control of the fort? 
 
 163. {b) Confiscation and Emancipation. 
 
 II Draper, 590-614. I Lalor, 5; II, 76. Pollard^s L. C, 
 358-63, 617-41. Raymond, 153, 196, 215-8, 397. Preston,' 
 313. McPherson, 195. P Blaine, 3489, 368-77, 440-8. II 
 Comte de Paris, 706-49. I Story, §1923-7. I Greeley, 569; II, 
 232-70. Ill Wilson, 380. II Poore's Reminiscences, 37. 
 Cox's Eight Years, 236, 336. II Davis' Confederate Govern- 
 ment, 6-8, 164-9, 179-87- 11 Williams, 263-75. 13 Wallace, 
 654; 16, 68; 18, 546. II Appleton's Cyc. (1862), 343, 
 720-37, 749; III (1863), 219-24; IV (1864), 203-4,275; V 
 (1865), 202-3. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Constitutional limit on the power of confiscation. 
 
 2. Confiscation as a preliminary step to emancipation. 
 
 3. Must a conviction by trial precede forfeiture of property? 
 
 4. The failure of the " Compensation Emancipation " bill in Congress. 
 
 5. Lincoln's reasons for delay in declaring the abolition of slavery. 
 
 6. The exempted portions of America in the proclamation of emancipation. 
 
 7. Authority of the emancipation proclamation. 
 
90 TOPICAL REFERENCE LISTS. 
 
 164. {c) The XIII, XI l^ and XV Amendments, 
 
 I Blaine, 504-7, 535-42; II, 465. I Story's Com., §1928-75. 
 Pomeroy, §116-8, 765. Ill Wilson, 394.414, 454-515. Gillet, 
 299, 318. Taylor, 76-7. I Burgess, 203-32. Cox's Three 
 Decisions, 320. Landon, 281. McPherson, 234. 16 Wallace, 
 36. Raymond, 435. I Lalor, 478, 608. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Does the Xlth amendment interfere with the enforcement of the XlVth? 
 
 2. Discrimination in the Supreme Court between the rights of a citizen to 
 
 protection as a part of the state and as a citizen of the state. 
 
 3. How far have the deficiencies in the Constitution been supplied by 
 
 amendments and how far by Supreme Court decisions? 
 . 4. May a state withdraw its assent to an amendment after giving it? 
 
 165. {d) Reconstruction. 
 
 Cox's Three Decades, 337-77. II Williams, 378-83. I 
 Lalor, 354. II Poore's Reminiscences, 261. Ill Wilson, 
 578-666. II Geeeley, 762. McCulloch, 227-37, 517. Ill 
 Lalor, 540-556. II Blaine to 457, intervals. II Story, §649, 
 n2. Jameson, §250-9. XVI H. H. Bancroft, 478. McPher- 
 son, 307. VI Wallace, 443 ; XIII, 646. Raymond, 416, 
 449-57. Landon, 207. Gillet, 297-327. Pollard's L. C, 
 744. Cox's Eight Years, 370. V Appleton's Cyc. (1865), 246, 
 257, 280; VII (1867), 203, 216, 247, 253, 258-65, 738 ; VIII 
 (1868), 174-94. — McPherson, Edward T.: History of Recon- 
 struction. Washington, 1871. Philp & Solomons. ^5. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 1. Chief difficulties in the way of any plan for reconstruction. 
 
 2. Value of Art. IV. § 4, of the Constitution in reconstruction. 
 
 3. What would have been the binding value of the proposed " convention of 
 
 the states?" 
 
 4. President Lincoln'^ theory of reconstruction as shown in his proclamation 
 
 and message of Dec. 3, 1863. 
 
 5. Has the provision of the three-fourths vote passing a bill over the Presi- 
 
 dent's veto been fortunate or unfortunate in the nation's history? 
 
 6. The Supreme Court on reconstruction theories. 
 
AMERICAN HISTORY 
 
 91 
 
 166. (e) Impeachment of President Johnson. 
 
 II Lalor, 482 (vi). McCulloch, 390-413. II Blaine, 162-283. 
 341-84. Landon, 213-5. Oillet, 333-44- II Poore's Reminis- 
 cences, 225. Cox's Three Decades, 578. VIII Appleton's 
 Cyc. (1868), 145, 352-72. Mason, 42, 57. See McPherson's 
 History Reconstruction, preceding topic. 
 
 EXERCISES : 
 
 "Party" in the final vote. 
 
 The Freedmen's bureau as a potent factor of dispute. 
 Applicability of the " tenure of office " act to Secretary Stanton. 
 Constitutionality of the 39th Congress. 
 Inherent weakness of the articles of impeachment. 
 
 Did the President's course indicate that a delay on 'he part of the House 
 would have resulted in more specific charges? 
 
 167. (/) Finances During and After the Rebellion. Tariffs. 
 
 II Draper, 549, 491-7. I Blaine, 396-434, 470-87. Ill 
 Bolles, entire. McPherson, 574-89. Ill Lalor, 556, 864. 
 McCulloch, 163-222, 238-43. Sumner's Currency, 180-214. 
 Cox's Three Decades, 129-44. II Comte de Paris, 654-703. 
 Cox's Eight Years, 31-66. Gillet, 283-91. Taussig, 155. 
 Appleton's Cyc. (1861-5), index "Finance." 
 
 168. (o-) The Alabama Claim. Trent Affair. 
 
 I Lalor, 42 ; II, 331. Raymond, 163-4, 441-8. McPherson, 
 338-43. I Blaine, 569-95; 11,476-502. I Weed, 639-47; II 
 348, 477-8- Cox's Three Decades, 258-93. II Draper, 
 501-14, 531-47- Cox's Eight Years, 161. II Comte de Paris, 
 650-1. I Appleton's Cyc. (1861), 693-5 ; VII (1867), 267-72 ; 
 VIII (1868), 215 ; IX (1869), 221 ; XII (1872), 239-63.— Cush- 
 ing, Caleb: The Treaty of Washington. New York, 1873, 
 Harper, $2. 
 
 169. Election Dispute of 1876. 
 
 Stanwood, 302. I Lalor, 8o8-(iv), 786 ; II, 50, 65 (iv) ; III, 
 617. McCulloch, 413-23. Appleton's American Cyc, 1876-7. 
 II Blaine, 567-94. Cox's Three Decades, 634-68. II Poore's 
 Reminiscences, 320-35. O'Neil, 190-234. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 Absolutism of James I and Charles 1 lo 
 
 Anglo-Saxon Emigration 8 
 
 Anglo-Saxon Institutions 8 
 
 Bill of Rights 10 
 
 Charles I, Absolutism of lo 
 
 Church, The Established lo 
 
 Common Law, Origin of g 
 
 Cromwell, Political England under. lo 
 
 Cabinet, Development of the ii 
 
 Development af the Cabinet ii 
 
 Effects of the Feudal System 9 
 
 Eighteenth Cent. Party Contests in. 10 
 
 Emigration, The Anglo-Saxon 8 
 
 Establishment of the House of Com. 9 
 
 Establishment of the Habeas Corpus 10 
 
 Established Church, The 10 
 
 Feudal System, Effects of the 9 
 
 Freedom, Religious ii 
 
 Habeas Corpus 10 
 
 House of Commons, Estab. of the_. 9 
 
 Institutions, Anglo-Saxon 8 
 
 James I, Absolutism of 10 
 
 Jury System, Origin of 9 
 
 Liberty of Opinion 11 
 
 Law, Origin of the Common 9 
 
 Magna Charta. _. g 
 
 Nineteenth Century Reforms _. 11 
 
 Norman Conquest, Pol. Effec. of the 9 
 
 Opinion, Liberty of 11 
 
 Origin of Jury Sys. and Com. Law_ 9 
 
 Origin of the Parliament 9 
 
 Parliament, Origin of the 9 
 
 Party Contests in Eighteenth Cent., 10 
 
 Political Aspects of War of Roses.. 9 
 
 Political Effects of Norman Conquest 9 
 
 Political England under Cromwell . 10 
 
 Reforms, Nineteenth Century 11 
 
 Reformation in England 10 
 
 Religious Freedom 11 
 
 Representation .. 11 
 
 Revolution of 1688 10 
 
 Rights, Bill of .-.-_.. 10 
 
 Roses, Political Aspects of the War 9 
 
 War of the Roses, Political Aspects 9 
 
 AMERICAN HISTORY. 
 
 Abdication of Thos. Jefferson 57 
 
 Abolition Movements before 1790.. 49 
 
 Abol. Leaders and Methods, 1821-50 74 
 
 Act of 1854 . 84 
 
 Acts of Trade 28 
 
 Adams, J. Q., Election of . 55 
 
 Aid, Foreign, sought by Congress.. 35 
 
 Alabama Claims 91 
 
 Albany Congress __ 27 
 
 Alien and Sedition Laws 53 
 
 Amendments, The First Ten 44 
 
 Amendment, The Eleventh 63 
 
 Amendments, The XIII, XIV, XV. 90 
 
 "American System," Clay's 66 
 
 Annapolis Convention 40 
 
 Annexation of Florida 63 
 
 Annexation of Texas . 79 
 
 Articles -of. Confed. Formed 35 
 
 Articles of Confed. Adopted 36 
 
 Articles of Confed. Fail 37 
 
 Ashburton Treaty 78 
 
 Assault on Sumner .. 85 
 
 Assistance, Writs of 28 
 
 Associators 31 
 
 Association, The Constitution as an 42 
 
 Attempts to Compromise, 1861 88 
 
 Authority of the Revolutionary Gov. 33 
 
 Authorizing State Governments 34 
 
 Bank Bill, Vetoed by Tyler 77 
 
 Bank Destroyed by Jackson 71 
 
 Bank Rechartered, 1816 ._ 60 
 
 Bank, The First United States 48 
 
 Beginning of Political Parties 46 
 
 Beginning of Representative Gov't. 25 
 Bill of Rights, First Ten Amend, as a 44 
 Boston Port Bill 31 
 
 93 
 
94 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 IJritisii Ijoops in the Colonies 31 
 
 IJrown, John, Insurrection 86 
 
 Burr, Prosecutes 57 
 
 Buchanan's Policy 86 
 
 Calhoun's Proposition, 1848 _-- 81 
 
 California, A Proposed Gov't for___ 82 
 Campaign of Lincoln and Douglass 86 
 
 Cause of Secession __ 87 
 
 Charters, The Colonial 25 
 
 Chisholm vs. Georgia 63 
 
 Clay's " American Svstem " 66 
 
 Clayton's Bill, 1848-"--- 81 
 
 Coercive Power, Con. fails for want 38 
 
 Cohens vs. Virginia 62 
 
 Colonial Life 25 
 
 Colonies, Political Life in the __ 25 
 
 Colonial Rights, England and 28 
 
 Colonies, British Troops in the 31 
 
 Com'der in Chief, Wash, appointed 34 
 Commercial Life in the Colonies — 25 
 
 Compact, The Const, as a 42 
 
 Compact, The Mayflower _ 26 
 
 Commerce, Eng. Encroachments on 28 
 
 Complications with France 53 
 
 Compromises in the Const. Conven. 41 
 
 Compromise, The Missouri 64 
 
 Compromise of 1850 _ — 83 
 
 Compromise, Attempts to, in 1 86 1- 88 
 Confederate Gov't Established -. _ 88 
 
 Confederacy, New England 27 
 
 Confederation Government 36 
 
 Confederation, Articles of. Formed. 35 
 Confederation, Articles of. Adopted 36 
 
 Confederation Fails 37 
 
 ConHscation and Emancipation 89 
 
 Congress, The Albany 27 
 
 Congress, 1 he First Continental 33 
 
 Congress, The Second Continental. 33 
 
 Congress, The Stamp Act 29 
 
 Contested Election of 1876 91 
 
 Contracts, The Validity of 62 
 
 Correspondence, Committees of 32 
 
 Conv., The Const. Called . 40 
 
 Conv., The Const. Powers, Difificult. 40 
 Conv., The Const. Mem. Organiza'n 41 
 Conv., The Const. Plans Presented. 41 
 
 Conv., The Const. Compromises 41 
 
 Constitution RatiHed 45 
 
 Constitution, Theories of 42 
 
 Convention of South Carolina, 1 861 87 
 
 Dartmouth College Case 62 
 
 Debate, The Hayne-Webster 68 
 
 Declaratory Act 29 
 
 Defeat, Federalist, in 1800 54 
 
 Deposits, Removing the 72 
 
 Difificulties of the Const. Convention 40 
 
 Distributing the Surplus 74 
 
 District of Columbia, Slavery in 75 
 
 Douglas, Campaign of Lincoln and 86 
 
 Dred Scott Case 85 
 
 Election of 1789 46 
 
 Election of 1800 54 
 
 Election of 1808 57 
 
 Election of 1824 65 
 
 Election of 1828 67 
 
 Election of 1832 71 
 
 Election of 1840 76 
 
 Election of 1844 79 
 
 Election of 1848 82 
 
 Election of 1856 ._. 85 
 
 Election of i860 86 
 
 Election of 1876 91 
 
 Emancipation and Confiscation 89 
 
 Emt^argo, The First, 1794. 51 
 
 Embargo, Jefferson's 1807-8 57 
 
 England and Colonial Rights _ 28 
 
 Era of Good Feeling, The So-called 63 
 Erskine, Madison's Negotiations with 58 
 
 Examination, Franklin's 30 
 
 Excise and its Collection . 50 
 
 Executive Power, Theory of the 43 
 
 Expunging Resolution --c-- 72 
 
 Extension of Territory, 1830-46 79 
 
 " Extension of the Constitution " 81 
 
 Fails to Harmonize with State Sov- 39 
 
 "Farmers Letters," The .. 30 
 
 Federal Resignations, i860 87 
 
 " Federalist," The 46 
 
 Federalist Defeat, 1800 54 
 
 " Fifty-four Forty or Fight " 80 
 
 Finances, Confederation fails in it - 37 
 
 Finances after the War of 1812 60 
 
 Financial Policy, Hamilton's __ 47 
 
 Finances During and After Rebel'n 91 
 
 Florida, Annexation of 63 
 
 Foote Resolution 68 
 
 Force Bill, 1832 70 
 
 Foreign Aid Sought by Rev. Cong's 35 
 
 Fort Sumter Attacked -.-- 89 
 
 f>ance, " X.V.Z." Mission 53 
 
 France, Treaty with, 1800 54 
 
 PVanklin's Examination ._ 30 
 
 Franklin's Plan of Union, 1754 27 
 
 Fugitive Slave Act of 1793 -49 
 
 Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 Enfc'd -83 
 
 Genet 51 
 
 Geographv of the U.S. 24 
 
 Georgia Indians, The 66 
 
 Georgia and the Supreme Court 71 
 
 Ghent, Peace of, 1814 .... 60 
 
INDEX. 
 
 95 
 
 '• Good Feeling, Era of " so-called. _ 63 
 
 Government, Confederate 88 
 
 Government, Organizing the New._ 46 
 
 Government, The Revolutionary 33 
 
 Hamilton, Financial Policy of 47 
 
 Hartford, Convention of 59 
 
 Havne-Webster Debate 68 
 
 Henry Documents 57 
 
 Homestead Act 74 
 
 Impeachment of Pres. Johnson go 
 
 Impressment of Sa'lors 57 
 
 Improvements, Internal, 1816-22 61 
 
 Improvements, Public, Jackson 68 
 
 Improvements, Public, Clay's 66 
 
 Incendiary Publications 75 
 
 Independence, Declaration of 35 
 
 Independent Treasury 73 
 
 Indians, The Georgia 66 
 
 Indications of Union, Early 26 
 
 Influence of the French Revolution, 50 
 
 Insurrection in Western Penn . 50 
 
 International Law and Slavery 78 
 
 Internal Improvements 66-8 
 
 Intolerable Acts 31 
 
 Jackson, First Election of 67 
 
 Jackson Destroys the Bank 71 
 
 Jackson and Public Improvements. 68 
 
 Jackson on Public Office 68 
 
 Jackson's Proclamation on Nullifi'n 70 
 
 Jackson's Second Election 71 
 
 Jay's Treaty 52 
 
 Jefferson Abdicates 57 
 
 Jefferson Attacks Federal Judiciary 55 
 
 Jefferson Elected President 54 
 
 John Brown's Insurrection 86 
 
 Johnson, President, Impeachment of 90 
 
 Judicial Power, Theory of the 44 
 
 Judiciary, Fed. Attacked by Jefferson 55 
 
 Junto, The Essex 57 
 
 Kansas-Nebraska, Act of 1854 84 
 
 Kansas-Nebraska, Border Warfare. 84 
 
 Kansas-Nebraska, Controversy 84 
 
 Kansas-Nebraska, Contrv. in Cong. 84 
 Kansas-Nebraska, Lecompton Const 84 
 Kansas-Nebraska, Topeka Constit'n 84 
 Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions 54 
 
 King's Prerogative 28 
 
 Lands, Survey and Sale of Public. _ 73 
 
 Laws, Navigation 28 
 
 Legislative Power, Theory of 43 
 
 Liberty, Sons of 32 
 
 Lincoln-Douglass Debates 86 
 
 Lincoln Elected President 86 
 
 Lincoln Inaugurated 89 
 
 Local Seif Government - 26 
 
 Locating the Seat of Government.. 48 
 
 I >ousiana. Purchase of 56 
 
 Machinery, Revolutionary 31 
 
 Madison's Negotiations with Erskine 58 
 
 Mails, Use of, by Abolitionists ' 75 
 
 Makes Peace, Confederacy, 1783 .. 36 
 
 Martin vs. Hunter's Lessee 62 
 
 Mass. Refuses to Rescind 30 
 
 Mass. Sustained Under Infble Acts 31 
 
 Mayflower Compact, The 26 
 
 McCuUoch vs. Maryland 62 
 
 Members of Constitutional Conve'n 41 
 
 Mexico, War With 79 
 
 Militia Refused, 1813 59 
 
 Mission, X. Y. Z 53 
 
 Missouri Compromise 64 
 
 Monroe Doctrine 64 
 
 Navigation Laws 28 
 
 Neutralitv, Proclamation of Wash'n 51 
 New England Confederacy, The — 27 
 New Government, Organizing the.. 46 
 New Mexico, A Proposed Gov't for. 82 
 
 Newspapers, Colonial 32 
 
 Non-Importation 31 
 
 North-west Territory, The 39 
 
 Nullification in South Carolina 69 
 
 Nullific'n, Jackson's Proclamation on 70 
 
 Office, Public, Jefferson on 68 
 
 Opposition to the War of 18 12 59 
 
 Ordinance of 1787 39 
 
 Ordinance of Nullification, in S. C. 69 
 Oregon Contest, Early History of._ 80 
 
 Oregon Contest of 1844-6 80 
 
 Oregon, A Government for 82 
 
 Organization of Const. Convention. 41 
 Organizing the New Government . . 46 
 
 Panama Congress 65 
 
 Panic of 1835-7 73 
 
 Parties, Beginning of Political 46 
 
 Parties Renewed in f^lect'n of 1824. 65 
 
 Peace Convention, 1861 88 
 
 Peace of Paris, 1763, Results of 29 
 
 Peace of Ghent, 18 14.. 60 
 
 People of the U. S., 1 789 46 
 
 Peters, United States vs 62 
 
 Petition, Right of, Denied 76 
 
 Plan of Union, Franklin's 27 
 
 Plans for Union, 1680-1750 27 
 
 Plans Presented to Const. Convent'n 41 
 Political Parties, The Beginning of 46 
 
 Port Bill, The Boston 31 
 
 Post Riders, Revolutionary 32 
 
 Power of Taxation, England's 30 
 
 Powers of Const. Convention.^ 40 
 
 Preemption 74 
 
96 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Prerogative, The King's ._ 28 
 
 Proclam'n, Jackson's, Against Null. 70 
 
 Proviso, The Wilmot 82 
 
 Public Lands, The Survey and Sale 73 
 
 Public Offices, Jackson's Views 68 
 
 Publications, Incendiary 75 
 
 Purchase of Louisiana 56 
 
 Quebec Act, The 31 
 
 Ratification of the Constitution 45 
 
 Reconstruction 90 
 
 Reeder, Governor 84 
 
 Religious Life in the Colonies 25 
 
 Removal of the Deposits 72 
 
 Representation, Theory of 44 
 
 Repres. Gov't in America, Beginning 25 
 Rescind, Massachusetts Refuses to_ 30 
 Resolutions, Virginia and Kentucky 54 
 Results of the Peace of Paris, 1763 29 
 
 Revenue Acts, Townshend's 30 
 
 Revolutionary Government 33 
 
 Revolutionary Machinery 31 
 
 Revival of Parties in 1824 65 
 
 Right of Petition Denied 76 
 
 Rise of the Slavery System 49 
 
 •Safety, Committees of 32 
 
 Sale of Public Lands 73 
 
 Seat of Government, Locating the _ 48 
 
 Secession 88 
 
 Sedition Laws, Alien and 53 
 
 Self-Government, Local 26 
 
 Shay's Rebellion 39 
 
 Slave Trade, 1839-42 78 
 
 Slavery, Rise of the System 49 
 
 Slavery, Discussion in First Cong.. 49 
 
 Slaves, Fugitive, 1830-42 78 
 
 Slave, Fugitive, Act Enforcing, 1850 83 
 
 Slavery, International Law and 78 
 
 Slavery in the District of Columbia. 75 
 
 Social Life in the Colonies 25 
 
 Sons of Liberty 32 
 
 S. Carolina, Nullifi'n Ord. of, 1832. 69 
 South Carolina Convention, i860 -_ 87 
 Sovereign, The Constitution as a -_ 42 
 
 Squatter Sovereignty -- 84 
 
 Specie Circular, The 72 
 
 Stamp Act, A Congress 29 
 
 State Gov't Auth. by Rev. Congress 34 
 State Sov., Conf. fails to Harmonize 39 
 
 Sub-Treasury, The 73 
 
 Suffrage, Theory of the Right of 44 
 
 Sumner, Assault on 85 
 
 Sumter, Attack on Fort 89 
 
 Supreme Court takes its Place. 62 
 
 Supreme Court and Georgia 71 
 
 Surplus, Distributing the 74 
 
 Survey and Sale of Public Lands . _ 73 
 
 Tariff of 1789-92 48 
 
 Tariff of 1816 61 
 
 Tariff of 1824 . . 66 
 
 Tariff of 1828 67 
 
 Tariff of 1832 69 
 
 Tariff of 1833 70 
 
 Tariff of 1842 77 
 
 Tariffs After 1 846 91 
 
 Taxation, Power of 30 
 
 Tea 30 
 
 Territory and People in 1789 46 
 
 Territory, Extension of, 1830, etc.- 79 
 Texas, Annexation Leads to War__ 79 
 Texas, First Glimpses of, 1836-42.. 79 
 
 Theory of Secession 87 
 
 Theories of the Constitution 42 
 
 Topeka Constitution 84 
 
 Townshend's Revenue Acts 30 
 
 Trade, Acts of 28 
 
 Traders, Slave, 1839-42 78 
 
 Troops, British, in the Colonies 31 
 
 Treaty, Ashburton 78 
 
 Treaty, Jay's 52 
 
 Treaty of Paris, 1783 36 
 
 Treaty with France, 1800 54 
 
 Trent Affair 91 
 
 Trial of Burr 57 
 
 Tyler and his Party 77 
 
 Tyler Vetoing the Bank Bills 77 
 
 Union, Early Indications of 26 
 
 Union, Franklin's Plan of 27 
 
 Union, Plans for, 1680-1750 27 
 
 United States, Geography of 24 
 
 United States in 1789 46 
 
 United States vs. Peters 62 
 
 Veto of the Bank Bills 77 
 
 Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions 54 
 Virginia, Beginning of Rep. Gov't. 25 
 
 War of 1812 58 
 
 War of the Rebellion 89 
 
 War Measures, 1794-8 52 
 
 War Spirit, 1809-12 59 
 
 War with Mexico 79 
 
 Washington Ap. Com'nder-m-Chief 34 
 
 Whig Victory of 1840 ^t 
 
 Wilmot Proviso 82 
 
 Writs of Assistance 28 
 
 "X. Y. Z." Mission S? 
 
H 19 894 
 

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 DEC 88 
 
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