Class Book Author _____ Title Imprint BROCKPORT State Normal School QUARTER CENTENNIAL. June, 1892. 3 PREFACE The accompanying historical account was compiled by Daniel Holmes, Esq., who, since its organization, has been a member and the Secretary of the State Normal School, at Brockport, N. Y. It was read by him on the occasion of the celebration of the Quarter Centennial of the school, June 22, 1892, at which time addresses were delivered by Princi- pal Charles D. McLean, Dr. Malcolm McVicar and Rev. Benjamin O. True, D. D. For the great amount of research required ; the careful, painstaking examination of innumerable references ; the col- lating of facts and statistics ; the discriminating judgment which so readily determined the rejection of unnecessary items and the selection of such portions as were worthy of preservation, the author is justly entitled to the highest meed of praise. The result attained clearly proves that the reference of the author to Macaulay in the opening pages of the article should be sufficiently modified as to imply that if that great historian was not already acquainted with the author of this contribution to literature, he certainly would have been delighted to have added his name to the list of his compeers. This history supplies a necessity long felt by those inter- ested in the school. It contains in a succinct form a com- prehensive record of its inception and its growth. It tells of its instructors, its managers and the many graduates who are now filling honored positions in the world's busy field of progress. Here are recorded the hopes that turned to joy and the fears that darkened. Here are preserved the recol- lections of the living and here are embalmed the memories of the dead. Here are finally gathered together from many sources, and with an expenditure of time and labor almost inconceivable, this accurate, interesting and complete his- tory of the Brockport Normal School, and by no one could the work have been performed so well and so satisfactorily as by its able and esteemed compiler. t John H. Kingsbury. September 1, 1892. 1867-1892. The Brockport Normal historical. Quarter Centennial. June 22, 1892. MACAULAY commences one of his essays with the fol- lowing words : " To write history respectably, — that is, to abbreviate despatches, and make extracts from speeches; to intersperse in due proportion epithets of praise and abhorrence, to draw up antithetical characters of great men, setting forth how many contradictory virtues and vices they united, and abounding in withs and withouts, — all this is very easy. But to be really a great historian is perhaps the rareist of intellectual distinctions." And further on, he adds : " But we are acquainted with no history which approaches to our notion of what a history ought to be, — with no his- tory which does not widely depart, either on the right hand or on the left, from the exact line." It is needless to say that Macaulay was not acquainted with the historian of the Brockport Normal. Not that I propose to give you a great history; that would be beyond my province ; nor yet, to give you a disquisition upon the true Philosophy of History ; that more appropriately belongs to the essay or oration of the graduate. These great topics I shall leave for each of you to wrestle with as best you can. The humbler task shall be mine to recount with such words as I may, the rise and subsequent history of this institution. The immediate progenitor of the Brockport State Normal School was the Brockport Collegiate Institute, an Academy organized in the year 1841. Prior to this it had been designed to found a college, to be located on these grounds, and from this the Academy received the popular designa- tion of the " College," and to this day the Normal School is frequently spoken of by the older citizens as the " Col- lege," and the name is perpetuated in the street leading to it. The Collegiate Institute was for years the pride of the village ; it flourished with various degrees of suc- cess ; it was always a good school and well conducted, but financially it rarely afforded an adequate support to its managers. In 1866 it was practically bankrupt. Its real estate was mortgaged to the extent of $10,000, and there was no money to pay it with. It had been sold on an execution by the sheriff, and it seemed then that the school must be abandoned, for it was useless to ask the people to lift the debt by subscription, and no other adequate means were suggested. At this time the Legislature passed the act establishing the new Normal Schools, authorizing proposals to be received by the commission appointed for that purpose from the corporate authorities of any village, or from the Board of Trustees of any academy, for their establishment. The trustees of the Collegiate Institute at once resolved to avail themselves of this privilege, and in conjunction with the village authorities they presented the subject to the peo- ple for their consideration. The proposition was for the village to raise by taxation a sufficient sum, about $50,000, to pay off the incumbrances, and to enlarge the buildings by •erecting wings to the same and to present it to the State for the purposes of a Normal School. The subject was thor- oughly discussed in all its bearings, and a bitter contest raged during the entire season. The friends of the school were ardent, enthusiastic, wide-awake, and thoroughly in earnest. Under the able leadership of Prof. McVicar, at that time the Principal of the School, every effort was made to convince the people of the expediency of the proposed meas- ure. It was submitted to the taxpayers for their votes, and carried by a handsome majority. The proposals were approved at Albany, and on the 20th of March, 1867, the Superintendent of Public Instruction, Hon. Victor M. Rice, appointed the following Local Board for the immediate management of the school, viz ; Dr. M. B. Anderson, Hon. Jerome Fuller, Thomas Cornes, Henry W. Seymour, Augus- tus F. Brainerd, Byron E. Huntley, Daniel Holmes, Elipha- let Whitney, John A. Latta, Timothy Frye, J. Durward Decker, Joseph A. Tozier and Elijah C. Chriswell. This board immediately organized and elected the following per- manent officers, viz : Jerome Fuller, President, Eliphalet Whitney, Vice President, Daniel Holmes, Secretary, and J. D. Decker, Treasurer. As originally organized the board consisted of thirteen members. In 1871 the number was reduced by an act of the legislature to nine, and in 1872 by a like act two more were added, leaving the number eleven,, which has continued to the present time. Of the original members four still remain in the board, Messrs. Whitney, Tozier, Chriswell and the Secretary. Others have been appointed as follows: May 6, 1872, Dr. A. N. Braman; April 27, 1874, Dayton S. Morgan, in place of H. W. Sey- mour, resigned; Sept. 19, 1878, George H. Allen, in place of A. F. Brainerd, resigned; Oct., 1880, J. H. Kingsbury, in place of judge Fuller, deceased; Jan. 24, 1885, Edgar Bene- dict, in place of Dr. A. N. Braman, resigned; Oct., 1888, John D. Burns, in place of Dr. Anderson, resigned; Jan. 17, 1891, Henry S. Madden, in place of D. S. Morgan, deceased ; Dec. 1st, 1891, Henry Harrison, in place of J. D. Decker,, deceased. Judge Fuller remained the President of the board till his decease, when Dayton S. Morgan was elected in his place. On the death of Mr. Morgan, George H. Allen was elected and is now President of the board. April 30, 1888, Mr. Kingsbury was elected Treasurer in place of Mr. Decker, resigned. Mr. J. A. Latta died Oct. 11, 1891. No other changes have taken place in the membership of the Local Board. There are no remarkable events standing out in the history of the board. It has been said that " Blessed are the people who have no annals." We may apply that to ourselves ; for if uniform prosperity gives the historian nothing to say about a people, the people may well be content to have no history.. We do not crave a notoriety which springs from troublous times. In the 25 years of our official experience we have 5 Tiad nothing more exciting than the determination of the claims of rival candidates for positions in. the school. Our duties have been mainly financial in their character, and but rarely have we been called upon to interfere in matters of discipline. Fortunately Normal scholars, as a class, are gen- tlemen and ladies, who neither need nor require our assist- ance, and if on one late memorable occasion it has been found necessary for a committee of the board to come up here in a body to find out what was going on, that circum- stance, from its very rarity, forms an event exceptional in its nature and of a character not likely to be repeated. The occurrence is too recent to require any extended remark from me. But I must remember that lam a historian, not a moralist ; and to return to legitimate jSTormal history, it seems proper now to relate briefly the changes which have occurred in the corps of instructors. At the first meeting of the Local Board, March 22, 1867, Prof. Malcolm McVicar was elected Princi- pal; Prof. C. D. McLean, Mathematics; Prof. Oliver Arey, Natural Sciences ; Mrs. H. E. G. Arey, Preceptress ; and the following Assistants : Miss Sarah M. Effner, Miss Lucy A. Mead and Miss Helen Roby, and in the Training School the following: Principal, not appointed ; Assistant, Miss Lucena J. Grant ; Object Teacher, Miss Sarah M. Haskell ; Vocal Music, Miss Elizabeth S. Richmond ; Drawing, Miss Martha Stark; Instrumental Music, Mrs. Fidelia Ailing (now Mrs. Merritt); April 8, 1867, W. J. Milne was chosen Principal of the Academic Department and Professor of Ancient Lan- guages, and on July 12, Miss M. J. Thompson was elected Teacher of Primary Department ; and Miss C. M. Chriswell, Teacher in Academic Department. These then constituted our whole faculty for the first year, and of this number there remain with us still Prof. McLean, Miss Effner, Miss Thomp- son, Miss Richmond, Mrs. Merritt and Miss Chriswell. The changes and additions which have since occurred are as follows : Mere statistics, I know, are uninteresting, and much of my " History " must be statistical, but accuracy compels me at least to mention the names and dates : Dec. 31, 1867, Prof. James H. Hoose was appointed Professor of Natural Sciences, in place of Prof. Arey, resigned ; Feb. 21, 1868, Miss Sarah L. Kinne was appointed Teacher of Read, ing and Elocution; April 10, 1868, Miss Clara Rob} 7 was- appointed Critic in the Intermediate Department, in place of Miss Grant, resigned; April 15, 1868, Mrs. W. C. Sylla succeeded Mrs. Arey as Preceptress ; June 29, 1868, Charles. B. Fairchild was appointed Teacher in the Commercial De- partment ; same date, R. J. Gordon, Teacher of Penmanship ; Aug. 1, 1868, Francis B. Palmer assumed the Principalship of the Training Department; Aug. 11, 1868, H. G. Burlin- game took the chair of Mathematics in place of Prof. Mc- Lean, who was promoted to the Principalship in place of Prof. Mc Vicar, resigned; Sept. 29, 1869, Miss Belle Randall became Teacher of Drawing; Jan. 4, 1869, Mrs. Mary A. Cady, Critic in place of Miss Haskell, resigned; Sept. 15,. 1869, Miss F. C. Barnett, Drawing and Painting in place of Miss Randall, resigned; Sept. 15, 1869, W. H. Lennon, Pro- fessor of Natural Sciences in place of Prof. Hoose, resigned ; Jan. 7, 1 87 1, Miss Eliza J. Gates (now Mrs. W. J. Milne) First. Assistant in Academic Department; Sept. 4, 1871, James- Knox, Mathematics and Commercial Department; Sept. 4, 1871, Miss Nellie L. Jones (subsequently Mrs. Knox, and later Mrs. Heath), Critic and Methods; Sept. 4, 1871, Miss- J. E. Lowery, Assistant in Mathematics and Latin, in place of Miss Helen Roby, resigned; Sept. 4, J 871, Prof. Palmer appointed Professor of Ancient Languages and Vice-Princi- pal in place of Prof. Milne, resigned; Nov. 6, 1871, Miss E. M. Johnson (now Mrs. Joseph O'Connor), First Assistant in Academic Department in place of Miss Gates, resigned ; Nov. 6, 1 87 1, Miss Kate S. Brennan, Critic in Primary De- partment; Feb. 3, 1873, T. E. Burlingame, Teacher of Mathe- matics in place of Mr. Knox, resigned; July 28, 1873, Mi ss Alice E. Braman, Critic in Primary Department in place of Miss Brennan, resigned; July 28, 1873, Miss Harriet Gillette (now Mrs. H. W. Seymour), Critic in Intermediate Depart- ment in place of Mrs. Cad) 7 , promoted; July 27, 1874, Miss Stella M. Harris (now Mrs. A. T. Wells), Critic in Pri- mary Department in place of Miss Braman, promoted to Principalship of Primary Department; July 2, 1874, Miss Gillette promoted Principal of Intermediate Department in place of Miss Clara Roby, resigned; Nov. 13, 1877, Miss Flora C. Wilsea, First Assistant in Academic Department in place of Miss Johnson, resigned ; Nov. 4, 1878, J. F. Forbes, Professor of Latin and Greek in place of Prof. Palmer, re- signed; June 16, 1880, Miss Mary P. Rhoades, Preceptress in place of Mrs. Sylla, resigned; July 6, 1880, Mrs. R. A. Palmer, Critic in Primary Department in place of Miss Har- ris, resigned; March 13, 1882, Henry Pease appointed tem- porarily to the chair of Mathematics; Aug. 14, 1882, Robert Simpson, Jr., Principal of Academic Department; July 10, 1883, Mrs. Stella M. Cottrel (formerly Miss Harris) re- appointed Critic in Primary Department; July 7, 1884, -Ar- thur Tooley, Principal of Academic Department ; Aug. 6, 1885, Mrs. Cottrell appointed Principal of Primary Depart- ment in place of Miss Braman, resigned, and Mrs. Louise C. Williams, Critic in place of Mrs. Cottrell, promoted; Aug. 27, 1885, Charles D. Seely, Professor of Latin and Greek in place of Prof. Forbes, resigned, and Miss Mary H. Morse, Teacher of Drawing and Painting in place of Miss Barnett, resigned; Feb. 2, 1886, Miss Alice M. Atwater, Teacher of the same in place of Miss Mason, resigned; Aug. 21, 1886, Miss Ellen F. Mason, Principal of Primary Department in place of Mrs. Cottrell, resigned; Sept. 24, 1888, Miss Eme- line A. Dunn, Teacher of Drawing in place of Miss Atwater, resigned; July 28, 1890, Charles W. Smith, Mathematics temporarily, in place of Prof. Burlingame, granted leave of absence on account of ill health. On the death of Prof. Bur- lingame Prof. Smith was elected permanent Professor of Mathematics; at the same date, July 28, 1890, Miss Bertha H. Coleman was elected Teacher of Drawing, in place of Miss Gilmour, who had been acting temporarily for Miss Dunn, and Miss Dunn's resignation was accepted ; Aug. 8, 1890, Miss Clara J. Brown was elected Teacher of Physical Culture and Elocution and assistant to the Preceptress ; July 6, 1 891, Mrs. Louise C. Williams was promoted to the Prin- cipalship of the Primary Department in place of Miss Mason, resigned, and Miss L. Virginia Chappell was elected Critic in the Primary Department in place of Mrs. Williams, pro- moted. This constitutes the sum total of the changes in the corps of instructors for the 25 years now concluded. The following are the Faculty as at present composed : Prof. C. D. McLean, Principal ; W H. Lennon, Vice-Princi- pal and Professor of Natural Sciences ; Charles D. Seely, Ancient Languages ; Charles W. Smith, Mathematics ; Miss Mary P. Rhoades, Preceptress ; Miss C. M. Chriswell, Gram- mar ; Miss J. E. Low T ery, Mathematics and Latin ; Miss M. J. Thompson, Methods ; Miss Clara J. Brown, Physical Culture and Elocution ; Mrs. M. A. Cady, Principal in Intermediate Department; Miss E. S. Richmond, Vocal Music and Read- ing ; Mrs. Louise C. Williams, Principal of Primary Depart- ment ; Miss S. M. Effner, History and Geography ; Miss Mary O. White, Critic in Intermediate Department ; Miss L. V- Chappell, Critic in Primary Department; Miss Bertha H. Coleman, Drawing; Prof. Arthur Tooley, Principal Aca- demic Department ; Miss F. C. Willsea, Assistant in Aca- demic Department and Teacher of German; and Mrs. F. C. Merritt, Teacher of Instrumental Music. In reading over this list it occurs to me that Brockport has one cause of congratulation which probably no other school in the State can boast of, that is in the number of teachers we have furnished directly to the other Normal Schools of the State, as the following will show : Dr. Mc- Vicar, our first Principal, assumed a similar position at the Potsdam Normal School ; Dr. Wm. J. Milne, our first Profes- sor of Ancient Languages, was transferred to the Principal- ship of the Geneseo Normal School, and later to that of the Albany Normal College ; Dr. John M. Milne, an alumnus of this school of the class of 1 871, is now Principal of the Gen- eseo Normal School ; Dr. F. B. Palmer, Professor of Ancient Languages and Vice-Principal here, is now Principal of the Fredonia Normal School ; Prof. James H. Hoose, Professor of Natural Sciences here, became Principal of the Cortland Normal School ; Frank S. Capen, of the class of 1864 here, is now Principal of the New Paltz Normal School ; James M. Milne, of the class of 1872, is now Principal of the Oneonta Normal School ; Miss Helen Roby, Teacher of Mathematics here, became Preceptress at the Geneseo Normal School; Miss Lucy A. Mead, one of our first Assistants, assumed a similar position in the Potsdam Normal School ; Miss Gloria Bennett, of the class of 1872, became a teacher in the Gen- eseo Normal School ; Andrew G. Freeman, of the class of 1873, is Principal of the Practicing Department in the Fre- donia Normal School ; Miss Thankful M. Knight, of the class of 1875, is Preceptress in the Plattsburg Normal School; Miss Jessie E. Hillman, of the class of 1878, is Principal of the Musical Department of the Fredonia Normal School ; and possibly there are others whose names I do not know. We still claim them all, and the more honors they get abroad the more it redounds to our credit. They cannot well help themselves, and we are glad to receive such honors at their hands. As the pioneer school of those established under the law of 1866, we are entitled to this credit, and we shall not forego any of our claims by reason of excessive modesty. Thus far, in the order of precedence, I have taken the Local Board first, the Faculty second, and was proposing to take the Alumni third. Perhaps this order ought to have been reversed, but what is written is written. Since our or- ganization we have graduated 614 pupils from the Normal School. What has been their success, and what position have they taken in the teacher's world? The answer to this question will go far towards showing whether the Normal Schools are worth what they cost. It is not many years since an onslaught was made in the Legislature against the whole system of State patronage for the Normal Schools, on the ground that they were not fulfilling the predictions made for them. The accusation was confidently made that local com- munities were using the Normal Schools for the purpose of giving a free education to their sons and daughters, w r ith no intenton their part to fulfill their implied obligation by teach- ing in the public schools of the State ; that they simply meant to get their education for nothing, and that they were doing 10 it. No one denied the duty of the State to educate its chil- dren, as a mere matter of self-preservation, but it was con- tended that that duty was fulfilled by a rudimentary educa- tion limited to the three R's, and that the higher education of the Academy and the College was meant for those who chose to pay for it. Happily this doctrine did not prevail.. The State had taken upon itself to educate teachers, and what the State undertakes it generally carries through.. From our own experience we know that the pecuniary means have been freely and generously granted in every particular where we have asked for it. We have no return to make ; we are entirely dependent upon our graduates to pay our debt, and have they paid it ? Have they taught with credit in the public schools of the State, so as fairly to carry out the pledge they make when they commence their pupil- age? That pledge, to be sure, is not iron-clad nor stringent ;. the pupil simply declares that it is his " intention to devote himself to the business of teaching the schools of this State r and that his object in resorting to this Normal School is the better to prepare himself for that important duty," or, as amended within the last year, " In consideration of receiving free tuition in a State Normal School, I hereby obligate my- self to teach in the schools of the State." It is left to the conscience of the pupil to determine how long he must teach to fulfill this obligation, and if he declines to fulfill it alto- gether there is no penalty, further than what his own con- science inflicts. Now, practically, what has our school done ? I am glad to say that of our graduates — and we keep track of them and know what they are doing — only 19 have de- clined to teach at all, and we have 614 in number. Of these, I I were ladies, of whom five for good and sufficient reasons have never taught in the public schools ot this State. For these we have no word of censure, and we shall cheerfully give our consent to any and all of the young ladies of this school to neglect to teach whenever they fulfill a woman's higher mission by becoming the happy wives of worthy men. The other six presumably had sufficient reasons ; some, we know, failed to obtain situations without any fault of theirs, II and others doubtless had reasons of their own which we do not care to criticise. Of the eight gentlemen, four never taught for reasons unknown to us, and four, whose names I could give, but will refrain — evidently never intended to teach, and came here simply to get their education free. This may be smart, but it is not honest. Do not misunder- stand me. My criticism is intended only for those who come here with the preconceived intention of never teaching. Ex- cuses for not teaching may be manifold, and these are be- yond the scope of animadversion. But of the others not one of them ever thought it incumbent on him to make a return for that education ; and right here let me ask, how many would think it necessary to offer to pay for their tuition in case unexpected circumstances should render teaching un- necessary or undesirable ? Very few ; but we have the unique experience of having had the return made to us in one in- stance, which I think deserves a public and honorable men- tion. Mr. Benjamin F. Thomas, of the class of 1878, find- ing that changed circumstances did not require him to teach, voluntarily repaid to the Local Board the cost of his tuition, at Academic rates, amounting to the sum of $270. I doubt if any other Normal School in the State has a similar experi- ence. I am also informed that one other pupil (a lady) has volun- tarily made inquiries as to the cost of her education, with a view of making restitution, though as yet the fact has not been officially brought to the attention of the Board. This shows that there is a feeling in the minds of pupils that they do owe something to the State for their education, and this feeling is a proper one to exist. Tuition under able and competent instructors, and the use of text books free, are worth some return. It costs the State a good deal of money to carry on her Normal Schools. For our ordinary expenses we are now receiving $20,000 per annum, to say nothing of the sums received for permanent improvements, and it is not strange that taxpayers, out of whom the money comes, should ask what are you doing with it, and you must answer. But to resume the thread of my remarks : Every gradu- 12 ate of this school, with the above exceptions, has performed his obligation by teaching more or less. The average of the time spent in teaching will amount to a trifle over six years for each pupil, and this estimate includes those of recent years. Of the earlier graduates, one or two illustrations may be of interest. Of the first class graduated, 1868, one, a lady, is still teaching. Of the second class, 1869, one; 1870, seven; 1871, three; 1872, five; 1873, five; 1874, eight, and most of these are continuous. I might go further, with a gradual increase in number as we get down later. This is a showing of which, I think, we may well be proud. Next, what has been the kind of teaching our graduates have given, and here I can only speak from reputation, and I do not happen to be the first one who has asked this ques- tion. A few years ago the Superintendent of Public Instruc- tion sent out a circular to the different School Commissioners in the State, asking them in substance to give the results of their experience in the employment of teachers with a Nor- mal School education in comparison with those without that training. The result was published in the Annual Report of the Superintendent, and in every instance, with perhaps one exception, the opinion was unequivocally expressed that the Normal students kept the best schools and procured the best situations. This is a practical answer to my query, for the training in all the schools is substantially the same. As an illustration of w T hat our graduates are doing I give the following list of positions which have been or are now occupied by our students, mentioning only those who are employed in Union Schools, or the higher institutions of learning, taking them in the order of graduation. Follow- ing this, I will mention those who, having finished their teaching, are now in the professions of law, medicine, or theology. First Teachers: 1867, the last class of the Brockport Collegiate Institute, Miss C. M. Chriswell, now Teacher of Grammar in this school ; Miss M. J. Thompson, now Teacher of Methods in this school; 1868, Miss C. Louise Fisk (now Mrs. Williams), Principal of the Primary Department in this 13 school; 1869, George D. Olds, became Professor of Mathe- matics in the University of Rochester, and now occupies a similar position in Amherst College; C. Herbert Silliman, Professor of Natural Sciences in the San Francisco High School ; Miss Harriet L. Gillette (now Mrs. H. W. Seymour), Principal of the Intermediate Department in this school ; 1870, Martin L. Deyo, Professor of Mathematics in the Albany Academy ; Miss Francelia P. Wood, Preceptress in a High School in Morrison, 111.; Stephen D. Wilbur, School Commissioner of Broome Co.; Charles B. Fairchild, Teacher in Commercial Department in this school ; Miss J. E. Lowery, Teacher of Mathematics and Latin in this school ; 1871, John N. Milne, Principal of Geneseo Normal School; 1873, Andrew Y. Freeman, Principal of Practicing Department, Fredonia Normal School ; Miss Flora C. Willsea, Assistant in Academic Department in this school ; Miss Alice E. Bra- man, Principal of Primary Department in this school; 1874, John H. Sheldon, Principal of High School, Gowanda ; Chas. W. Smith, School Commissioner of Orleans Co. and Profes- sor of Mathematics in this school ; Miss Stella M. Harris (now Mrs. Wells), Principal of Primary Department in this school; 1875, Miss Thankful M. Knight, Preceptress and Teacher of Methods in Plattsburg Normal School ; Miner F. Miller, Principal of High School in Morrison, 111.; 1876, Charles E. Boss, Principal of High School, Plainfield, N. J.; Charles H. Holden, Principal of Ward School in New York city; Daniel Van Oryningham, School Commissioner of Wayne Co.; 1878, Miss Mary O. White, Critic in Intermedi- ate Department in this school ; Miss Jessie Hillman, Princi- pal of Music in Fredonia Normal School; 1879, Thomas A. Caswell, Superintendent of Schools, Little Falls, N. Y.; Arthur Tooley, Principal of Academic Department in this school; 1880, Edward J. Manley, Principal of Union School, Charlotte ; Miss Ellen F. Mason, Principal of Primary Department in this school; 1881, Ezra M. Sparlin, Principal of Ward School, Rochester; Frederick A.White, County Superintendent of Schools in the State of Washington ; 1882, Lewis E. Akley, Professor of Chemistry in Nebraska Uni- versity ; Edwin M. Crocker, Principal of Union School, Victor ; Wm. A. Scott, Professor of Political Economy, in University of Wisconsin, and Instructor in Johns Hopkins University ; 1883, Walter R. Betteridge, Instructor in Hebrew in Rochester Theological Seminary ; B. Franklin Cooley, Professor of Ancient Languages in Hoosick Falls Academy; Walter H. Comstock, Professor of High School in New Hampshire; 1884, James L. Herroun, Principal of High School, New London, Conn.; Herbert J. Pease, Prin- cipal of Advanced School, Utica ; 1885, Herbert G. Reed, Principal of Union School, Holley ; Storrs B. Barrett, Prin- cipal of High School, Wyoming, N. Y.; 1886, Miss Grace Betteridge, Teacher of Greek in the J. B. Stetson University, Deland, Florida; 1887, Nicholas Lee, Principal of Union School, Churchville ; 1888, Horace L. Clark, Principal of Union School, Shortsville ; Miss C. Leora Read, Preceptress Union School, Scottsville ; Chas. S. Williams, Principal of Union School, Livonia; 1889, Edwin M. Chase, Principal of Ward School, Binghamton ; Arthur C. Simmons, Principal of Union School, Middleport ; 1890, Thomas H. Armstrong, Principal of Union School, Andover, N. Y.; William D. Hewes, Professor in Academy, Peekskill, N. Y.; Miss Cora V. Luttenton, Preceptress in Academy, Pompey, N. Y.; Miss L. Virginia Chappell, Critic in Primary Department in this school; 1891, Miss Sarah J.Cook, Preceptress in Pompey Academy. One fact may be noticed in this list of what I may call the honor men and ladies. Of the number above recorded 39 were graduated from the Classical Department of the Nor- mal School, 8 from the Advanced English, 4 from the Academic Department, 2 unclassified (Brockport Collegiate. Institute) and none from the Elementary English. This shows pretty conclusively that the higher the grade of diploma the better the situation obtained and school trustees and superintendents are beginning to look at the position held by the student in making their selections. It is not quite enough to have a Normal School diploma, and so long as grades are recognized the question will be asked : from which department were you graduated? 15 Second, It is not expected that every graduate will make teaching a permanent profession. It is natural, perhaps, for a majority to graduate a second time, and the second gradu- ation is into one of the professions of law, medicine or the- ology. Of those known to belong to those professions are the following : Law. — i87i, John D. Burns, Brockport ; Frank M. Goff, Rochester; Geo. F. Quinby, Buffalo; Geo. F. Yeoman, Rochester; 1872, Delbert A. Adams, Brockport; Win. Goodell, San Francisco, Cal.; 1874, G. Fort Slocum, Roches- ter; 1875, James M. Hunt, New York City; Harvey Isbell, Rochester ; Edward P. Lyons, New York City ; Charles H. Wiltsie, Rochester ; 1887, E. F. Wellington, Rochester ; 1878, Charles A. Widener, Rochester ; Harry O. Jones, Holley ; 1880, George P. Decker, Rochester; 1881, Ronald McDon- ald, Tonawanda ; Herbert J. Menzie, Rochester; 1882, Wil- liam R. Wilcox, New York City; 1883, Joseph M. Allen, New York City ; 1884, Willard C. Earnsberger, New York City; 1889, Fred M. Ackerson, Buffalo; Willis A. Mattson, Brockport. Medicine. — 1871, A. Judson Osborn, Binghamton ; i872, Frank A. Winne, Brockport ; 1874, Willis A. Silliman, Clark- son ; 1875, Charles H. Glidden, Little Falls; 1877, Frederick East, Rochester; Edwin C. Loomis, Illinois; 1880, M. Eliza- beth Adams, New York City ; 1881, E. Adelia Cady, Roches- ter ; 1882, Frank B. Storer, Holley ; 1885, Willis N. Boynton, New York City. Theological.— 1869, Eben W. Hunt, Baptist, Iowa ; 1870, William H. Sybrant, Presbyterian, West Troy, N. Y.; James W. White, Presbyterian, near Chicago; 1871, John P. Cam- bell, Presbyterian, Baltimore; 1873, Henry C. Milliman, Methodist, Niagara County, N. Y.; 1876, William O. Forbes, Methodist, Ohio ; Lowell C. Smith, Baptist, Tompkins County, N. Y.; 1878, Frederick L. Forbes, Methodist, Ore- gon ; William D.Holt, Baptist, Cincinnati; 1880, Chas. H. Boynton, Episcopal, Geneseo ; 1882, George A. T. Eddy, Presbyterian, Cleveland; 1883, Walter R. Betteridge, Bap- i6 tist, Professor in Theological Seminary, Rochester; 1884,. Henry Clarke, Baptist, New Jersey; 1885, G. Sherman Bur- rows, Episcopal, Gambier, Ohio; 1887, Myron S. Reed, Methodist, Allegany Co., N. Y. In addition I find 3 editors, viz.: Edward L. Adams, Elmira Advertiser, N. Y.; Clayton S. Scott, Tioga Count}' Record, Owego, N. Y.; and Charles F. Kingsley, Buffalo Enquirer, N. Y. And I should add among the honor men that of John D. Burns, of the class of 1871, Henry Harrison, of 1873, anc * Henry S. Madden, of 1875, are now distinguished members of the Local Board. NECROLOGICAL. — On an occasion like this my lists would be incomplete without a reference to the departed. Of our alumni the deceased number 24, two from the Academic Department and 22 from the Normal School, as follows : Class of 1870, Miss Mina A. Frye ; 1871, Miss Hattie A. Har- mon, Miss Harriet A. Kirby ; 1872, Charles F.Hamlin, Miss Frances T. Quinby; 1873, Henrie S. Bagely, Miss Emogene M. Coney, Miss Clara A. Van Buren, Miss Emma W. Hall, Miss Fanny Louise Richardson; 1874, Laverne B. Wycoff ; 1876, Miss Clara S. White ; 1877, Miss Harriet L. Cady ; 1876, Miss Mary E. Manning, Miss Sarah L. Marsh; 1880, Willis E. Miner; 1881, Miss Lulu R. Strickland; 1882, Miss Mary A. Cole; 1883, Robert J. Oliver; T884, Miss Flora J. Owen ; 1885, Miss Hannah A. Wright; 1888, Miss Gertrude A. Hoi- brook, Miss Adolphine J. Wald ; 1891, Charles D. Carr. This concludes my catalogue of names, in which I am afraid there are many omissions. It is impossible to mention all, although all have done well, and I will leave it for my successor, 25 years hence, to supply my deficiencies. Daniel Holmes. 022 152 634 A