B^ 7 5 GmBBVRG -i ' A :! vVvO LIBRARY ol CONGRESS Two Copies Received MAY 25 1904 Oopyndit Entry JvUi^XJ - "f e ^ CL*S# ^ XXo. No. J 2 ^ "^ '^ COPY B DEVIL'S DEN This immense ledge of rocks was part of the Hne of the Third Corps on the second day and furnished splendid positions for Confederate Sharpshooters after it came into their possession. Many marks of bullets and shells are yet visible on the rocks. EAST CEMETERY HILL The equestrian statue represents Gen. Hancock in the attitude of rallying the defeated troops on the evening of the first day. in front of the guns are part of the original defences which were built July ist. The lunettes FROM OAK RIDGE This view shows the line of monuments which mark the position of the Eleventh Corps. The buildings of the County Almshouse are shown in the background. REYNOLDS' AVENUE Looking southwest from Railroad Cut, to the right, the McPherson buildings. In the left center the bridge spans the" Old Tapeworm" Railroad Cut, where a portion of Davis' Mississippi Brigade were captured July ist, while attempting to break through the Union line. McPherson's Woods in background. lEXXIE WADE The only citizen who was killed during the Battle of Gettysburg was Miss Jennie Wade. She was engaged in baking on the morning of July 3d and was struck by a sharpshooter's bullet. The monument which marks her grave was erected by the Women's Relief Corps of Iowa. The house has been carefully preserved and is at present used as a free museum. It shows on the north side the marks of over 100 bullets, and is a place of general interest to Gettysburg tourists. ■^ THE CUiMMISSIOX'S WORK One of the important features of the work of the National Park Commission was the construction of live observation towers at prominent places on the field. They have built the avenues and fences; have erected substantial iron markers at the positions of the Confederate organizations, and the Regulars. The inscriptions on the rows of tablets give the movements of both armies from June 2gth to July 7th inclusive. THE WHEAT FIELD This view from Wible's Woods on the soutli side shows the Wheat Field, famous in the history of Gettysburg— the " whirlpool of the battle." This was one of the most hotly contested portions of the field. It was fought over five or six times on July 2d, and was strewn with dead and wounded of both sides. GEN. MEADE, HIS HEADQUARTERS AND "OLD BALDY" A war-tiine photo of Gen. Jleade is shown above. The little weather-boarded house on the Taneytown Road was used by him as general headquarters during the battle. It is one of the rugged battle marks of the field, and is always open for the inspection of tourists. Particularinterest attaches to the picture of "Old Baldy." He was in the first battle of Bull Run and was twice wounded; was purchased by Gen. Meade in the Fall of iS6i, and was used continuously in all his campaigns. He was slightly wounded again at Antietam, and on July 2d, at Gettysburg, was struck by a bullet, seriously wounded and sent to the rear. His recovery from the wound was slow, and when the campaign of 1S64 opened he was sent to the General's home near Philadelphia, where he completely recovered and was used by General Meade as a saddle horse for a number of years after the war. He was in the funeral cortege, followed his master's body to the grave, and survived him a full decade. " Baldy " died Dec. 16. 1SS2. and on Christmas Day was resurrected bv Albert C. Johnston and Harrv W. Hervey. They had his head stuffed, mounted on an ebony shield, inscribed with a record of his service, and together with the front hoofs, which were made into ink- stands, it was presented to Gen. Geo. G. Meade Post No. i, G. A. R., of Philadelphia. Through the courtesy of Mr. Albert C lohnston, we are allowed the use of the above copyrighted photograph. if="- -.■.ift^—j^f ■fW-.-r.'.^- ,i|j^|-^ ,t,-,j,rrnf,mn^-,..^^^-^ A CONFEDERATE PAGE The little stone house on the Chambersburg Pike was for a time used by Gen. Lee as his headquarters. A war time portrait of Gen. Lee and the 2d Maryland C. S. A. show above. The scroll monument below stands within "The Angle." It marks the spot where during Picketfs charge, the valiant Armstead enthused with supposed victory, was shot down among the guns of Cushing's battery. GETTYSBURG NATIONAL CEMETERY Several days after the battle, Hon. David Wills, of Gettysburg, communicated to Gov. Curtin, of Pennsylvania, a proposition to provide a suitable place for the permanent burial of the soldiers who died in defence of the Union at Gettysburg. He was authorized to correspond with Governors of various States interested and his efforts resulted in the formation of an organization which was incorporated by the State of Pennsylvania as the "Soldiers' National Cemetery." Under their supervision the plot of seventeen acres on Cemetery hill was bought and arranged as it now appears. The Cemetery was dedicated Nov. 19, 1863, and a prominent part of the exercises was the delivery by President Lincoln of that immortal address " Four-score and seven years ago * * * " familiar to every American. GETTYSBURG NATIONAL CEMETERY Beginning with October 26th of that year and continuing until March iS, 1864 the dead were removed from the parts of the Held where they had been hastily buried and were re-interred in the semi-circle facing the monument, in sections proportioned to the number of graves for each state. The original burials amounted to 3555 and were divided by States, as follows; Maine, 104; New Hampshire, 49; Vermont 61; Massachusetts, 15S; Rhode Island, 12; Connecticut, 22; New York, 866; New Jersey, 78; Pennsylvania, 526; .Delaware, 15: Maryland, 22; West Virginia, 11; Ohio, 131; Indiana, 80; lUinois, 6; Michigan, 172; Wisconsin, 73; Minnesota, 52; U. S. Regulars, 13S; Unknown, 97(3. THE HIGH WATER MARK Tliis monument was designed by Col. John B. Bachelder, who said "It was here that one of the most gallant charges recorded in history tL-rminated, here that the tide of success of the Confederacy turned; from this spot the defeated troops fell back, and never again made a successful stand. This was indeed, the high water of the Rebellion." Its cost was proportioned among the Northern States whose troops participated, ON GULPS HILL Gulp's Hill affords many picturesque bits of scenery. These four are along the Government avenues on the southern and eastern part. Rock Creek shows among the trees in the upper left hand photo. LOOKING SOUTH FROM This view overlooks the southern and southwestern portions of the field, where the I— Little Round Top. 2 — Big Round Top. 3— Gen. Meade's Equestrian Statue. 4— Copse of Buildings. S — Emmitsburg Road. 9 — The Wheat Field. TOWER ON HANCOCK AVENUE heavy fighting of July 2d and 3d occurred. The principal points are indicated as follows: — Trees and High Water Mark Monument. 5 — The Angle. 6 — Hancock Avenue. 7 — Codori ON CONFEDERATE AVENUE The view from Spangler's Woods (the starting point of Pickett's troops) shows the Codori buildings over right gun, and the open character of the ground. The artillery of the Confederates was massed in solid front on the ridge at Pitzer's Woods. At each position in which a cannon stood during the battle, the Commission has placed a gun of the same pattern, and in many instances the same gun. GULP'S HILL, LOOKING WEST To the right the 2d JIaryland monument appears. It is the only monument marking the position of a Confederate organization on this field. The monuments of the 12th Corps show among the trees. On Gulp's Hill the original earthworks show throughout the entire length of the line of battle. y MAJ.GEN.WINFIELD 5. HANCOCK m f^AJ, G'^N, JOHN L REYNOLDS I'EXNSYLVAXIA'S EQUESTRIAN STATUES Erected by a grateful Commonwealth in honor of her distinguished sons, at a cost of ^100,000. Gen. Meade's at High Water Mark, designed by Bush-Brown, and Gen. Hancock's on Cemetery Hill, designed by Elwell, were dedicated June 5, 1S96. The statue to Gen. Reynolds, on the Chambersburg Pike was designed by Bush-Brown, dedicated July i, 1897, stands within a few hundred yards of the spot where he fell, July r, 1S63, on the field which his genius had fixed for the determination of the great and decisive conflict of the war. Gen. Meade said: "Where could man meet better the inevitable hour than in defense of his native state, his life-blood mingling with the soil on which he first drew breath." NEW YORK The state of New York erected the above splendid monument to the memory of its dead at an expense of S6o,ooo; an imposing shaft with large bronze tablets around the base representing important events of each day's battle. The equestrian statue of General Slocum, is the work of the sculptor, E. C. Potter, and is an example of the generosity of the Empire .State. It cost $30,000. HlSiURlC bPRIX(,S Spangler's Spring at the southeast slope of Gulp's Hill, where soldiers of both armies secured water and mingled together freely during the night of July 2d, is shown as it appeared at that time and in its present condition. Menchey's Spring at the base of Cemetery Hill was used by the nth Corps Troojjs. SPANGLER'S MEADoW This viL-w from McAllister's Woods is in the direction of E;astern Culp's Hill. Several hundred of Johnson's Confederates were buried in trenches in this meadow. On the rock stands the pioneer monument, the 2d Mass. It was erected in iS7y. IIIKKE HKROIC SIZE STATUK^ The sui'vivors of the First Army Corps erected the above monument to the memory of Gen. Reynolds, The statue was made of captured cannon. Gen. Warren's statue looks in the direction in which he discovered Hood's flanking- movement and was erected by his old regiment, the 5th N. Y. Duryea Zouaves. The gun which projects from the base of Buford's monument in the direction his statue is facing is the gun of Calef's battery that hred the opening shot. LITTLE ROUND TOP In the foreground, the Valley of Death and Devil's Den. The timber fringed ridge in the background was the position occupied by Long- street's Corps of Confederates on the second day. The outline of South Mountain is beyond and the Monterey Pass through which the Confederate Army retreated is just above Warren's head. CHAMBERSBURG PIKE. From the site of Reynold's statue, shows the ground over which the Confederates advanced to the attack on the first day. McPherson's woods where Archer's Brigade were captured shows to the left. That portion of -■-.■V Wr'r' ."■^'M-fti-. ;'t U'.': -- ■^.*.re«;t-TrirT-' — : g S? ^ 'Jv-¥'4^.awg-! ^T''«"<*| » 1.^.* ■»■■•>»?? 'j^?i V. .•i'j,.r *, ,1^ "»■ ."Si^.i^ru. J .• CURIOUS ROCK FORMATION , rO LITTLE ROl.'NO TOP. Vf? In CE^1F ^'-'FNS KNOLI '^J SOME MISCELLANEOUS VIEWS Behind the sharpshooter's barricade shown above a body was found without a mark upon it. He had been killed by the concussion of a shell which exploded at the crevice on the outside. The peculiar pile of rocks on Little Round Top attract much attention. The view from Steven's Knoll shows the scene of the Louisiana Tiger's charge on July 2d. OAK RIDGE Looking south along the hill which was occupied by the brigades of Paul and Baxter. EFFECT OFMUii^.uK/ nut CULP5 HILL INTERESTING VIEWS The trees on Gulp's Hill bear evidence of the terrific struggle that took place there. The signal station on Little Round Top rendered valuable service to the army by reporting any movement along the Confederate line on the opposite Ridge. vJ. XS PUBLISHED BY J. I. MUMPER, Battlefield Photographer AND R. C. MILLER, Custodian of the Jennie Wade House, Gettysburg, Pa CorvHiGHT. I904, HV .1. 1. .-Mt.MPFR A^n R. r. AriLLE ^V 35190* LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 013 425 283 2 ^ '