Class. 
 Book 
 
A CENTURY OF 
 
 Vernon, Connecticut 
 
 1808—1908 
 
 SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY, 
 EARLY AND MODERN. LITER- 
 ARY EXERCISES AT HISTORIC 
 CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH 
 AT VERNON CENTER. 
 
 INCEPTION AND ORGANIZATION OF THE 
 MOVEMENT. REPORT OF THE PROCEED- 
 INGS AND PROGRAM FOR THE WEEK'S 
 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. 
 
 June 28 to July 4, Inclusive, 1908 
 
 PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF 
 SPECIAL HISTORICAL COMMITTEE. 
 
 ROCKVILLE, CONN. 
 PRESS OF T. F. RADY & COMPANY 
 
 JAX. 1911 
 
f\^ 
 
 vs 
 
 y$* 
 
 COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATION 
 
 JOSEPH C. HAMMOND, JR., THOMAS F. NOONE, 
 PARLEY B. LEONARD. 
 
 EDITED AND COMPILED BY 
 HARRY CONKLIN SMITH. 
 
PART I. 
 
 SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY, 
 EARLY AND MODERN. 
 
SUMMARY 
 
 —of the— 
 
 Early History of Vernon 
 
 —by— 
 
 C. DENISON TALCOTT. 
 
 The Pilgrim Fathers who founded the colony of Plymouth, and 
 their successors who established the colony upon Massachusetts 
 Bay, were the bearers of a new and more excellent order of life. 
 They constituted the vanguard of a new civilization based upon 
 freedom of spirit which aspired to religious liberty, and upon 
 freedom of mind and of body which is the civil liberty of our 
 modern state. From the leaders of these two colonies, with 
 vigor of manhood and nobility of ideal, there migrated in the 
 year 1635, the pioneer settlers of our three original towns — 
 Windsor, Hartford and Wethersfield. In 1726 from one of 
 these original towns, Windsor, there journeyed into the territory 
 of North Bolton. Samuel Grant, the first permanent settler. In 
 1808, by reason of the large increase of these pioneers, this 
 northern part of the Mother Town. Bolton, was set off and incor- 
 porated as a separate town. Thus it was that Vernon was not 
 only descended from the foremost pioneers of the nation, but 
 inherited the motives and impulses of a new era. 
 
 The original towns were founded upon a distinct principle of 
 government. Shortly after the migration, a legislative council 
 was convened, under the name of the "Corte," afterward called 
 the General Court, our General Assembly, The powers of this 
 '"Corte" were delegated by the towns. The central authority 
 was regarded as dependent finally for its claim to power upon 
 the townships themselves. They were the creators of the state, 
 were therefore the source of authority and finally supreme. Such 
 has been the governing principle of all the successive towns of 
 the commonwealth. Imbued, in her turn, with this principle of 
 her natural autocracy. Vernon entered upon existence. 
 
6 SUMMARY OF VERNON S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 
 
 Vernon, as a beneficiary of Nature, has been kindly treated. 
 The town is divided, north and south, by a range of hills, 
 which mark the limit of the broad valley of the Connecticut 
 Eiver. As a result, the western portion of the town is a gently 
 undulating territory, of fair soil, and well watered by the prin- 
 cipal streams, the Hockanum and the Tankaroosan. The eastern 
 portion, of a variegated rock formation, precipitous and severe, 
 possesses at its northern extremity, the outlet of a marvelous 
 watershed. Formerly this outlet was not under the control of 
 a high and massive dam of stone, but was bound by a low 
 combination of logs and gravel from which there passed a rivulet, 
 so small, that a well-known townsman, Peter Dobson, expressed 
 considerable surprise that Colonel McLean should think of con- 
 structing a mill upon the Hockanum instead of the Tankaroosan. 
 Mr. Dobson, on other occasions, was an unusually able and close 
 student of nature. While excavating for the foundation of his 
 cotton factory, he was greatly impressed with the abraded con- 
 dition of many of the bowlders. This unique condition, Mr. 
 Dobson attributed to their being suspended and carried in ice 
 over rocks and earth under water. Eminent scientists in Europe 
 and America confirmed this original theory of the glacial for- 
 mation, and Mr. Dobson was honored with well-merited prestige. 
 Nature was kind to Vernon, therefore, in the diversity of her 
 gifts, as well as in providing successful interpreters of her 
 laws. 
 
 As the new town had an inland location and manufacturers 
 were still in the experimental stage, the inhabitants by nature 
 and by necessity gave themselves universally to the pursuit of 
 agriculture. The conditions of farming within the territory 
 of a single township led to a limited and somewhat isolated 
 population. At this early time, the town government, while 
 essentially the same as that of today, possessed and exercised a 
 much wider range of authority, an influence indeed which to the 
 eye of the settler was complete and supreme. The average citizen 
 of 1808 looked upon his town as upon a small republic, and 
 knew little and cared less for the larger commonwealth to which 
 he owed his allegiance. The reason for this was because the 
 interest of every individual was bounded by the rule of the town 
 

 ^VmJ 4^>^^ynSi~^-A /^i-t-mifi-Coy ~/#Vi^>} OcfcnrOf** 4*j> 
 
 ff»V> 1 
 
 FAC-SIMILE OF ORIGINAL DEED by which Samuel Grant exchanged his 
 farm in Bolton of one hundred acres for five hundred acres of land in 
 North Bolton, now Rockville — deed executed in 1726. 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 7 
 
 of his residence. To secure legal residence he must either be a 
 native, be admitted by vote of the town meeting, by the approval 
 of the selectmen, or by election to some town office. Having 
 acquired a legal residence, to become a voter there was a property 
 qualification, the usual testimonial as to character, and the 
 freeman's oath. These powers over residence and tbe right to 
 vote were greatly modified in the formation and adoption of the 
 new state constitution in 1818. The property qualification 
 disappeared by an amendment of 1845, one more step in the 
 evolution of the suffrage to a more simple and universal form. 
 
 The problems of our fathers, in 1808, were primarily problems 
 of construction rather than of maintenance as at present. Sim- 
 ilarity of occupation brought about an identity in private inter- 
 est, which naturally found expression in public affairs. At the 
 earliest town meeting, presided over by the first town clerk and 
 treasurer, Oliver King, it was voted to divide the districts and 
 assess the labor on highways. For a long period of years the 
 laying out of new highways was the principal subject for action 
 at town meeting. Many acts of these early meetings have refer- 
 ence, also, to the protection of property in ways quite unusual 
 today. The definition of property was a matter which claimed 
 much careful attention, as is evidenced by the office of fence- 
 viewer. Again, men were so few, and animals so common, that 
 the hay wards and pound-keeper were as ordained as the regular 
 constable. Horses, mules, sheep, cattle, geese were restrained by 
 special acts from running at large. A notable exception occurred 
 in the case of swine which were allowed to run at large with a 
 ring in the nose. With these various additional town offices and 
 a comparatively small list of citizens, opportunities for public 
 service were open at one time or another to nearly every one. 
 
 Considering that the population was eager to exercise itself in 
 this regard, it is not to be wondered at that a great amount of 
 sound political training was accomplished. The tax, in those 
 early days, was seldom paid in money, the greater part was work- 
 ed out. Town meetings were held at Vernon Center up to 1856, 
 when they were held alternately at Rockville, and in 1865 alto- 
 gether in the latter place. 
 
8 SUMMARY OF YERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERN 
 
 The ideal of religion was as widespread and profound in its 
 spiritual effect as the ideal of government was stimulating in 
 its intellectual effect. The established church being Congrega- 
 tional, possessed the same democratic principle as the civil au- 
 thority. In fact the relation of the church to the civil power 
 was peculiarly unique. Taxes were by law collected for the 
 support of the church as regularly as for town expenses. The 
 church society used the civil tax list, and if there was difficulty 
 in collecting, the town authority enforced the collection. Re- 
 strictions over voting in the society meetings were as rigid, indeed 
 were the same as in the civil town meeting. The activity of the 
 tithing-man was clearly in behalf of the church society, yet he 
 was a regularly appointed town officer. He constituted a sort 
 of moral police, who on the occasion of divine service, quelled the 
 restlessness of the youth and disturbed the slumbers of the aged. 
 While the church society had direct control in all matters per- 
 taining to local religion, the General Assembly held jurisdiction 
 over the church body as a whole. This close relationship between 
 church and state was ended in 1818 by the provisions of the 
 new constitution. 
 
 In 1749, upon petition of eighteen residents of North Bolton, 
 the General Assembly granted the privileges of a winter parish. 
 These privileges were allowed on account of the unusual distance 
 from the ordained church in Bolton. They consisted of special 
 services in the schoolhouses or individual houses as convenience 
 allowed. In 1760, upon further petition, a separate parish was 
 established under the name of the Ecclesiastical Society of North 
 Bolton. The first pastor of this Society was Rev. Ebenezer 
 Kellogg and his salary during the fifty-five years of his pastorate, 
 did not exceed £70. (Colonial currency $233.33). A church build- 
 ing was erected in 1762 and was located a half mile east of 
 the present edifice at Vernon Center. The spot being elevated 
 according to custom, became familiarly known as "Old Meeting 
 House Hill." It was not until IT 70 that square straight-back- 
 ed pews Mere installed, nor until 1774 that the building was 
 finally plastered. The age of our ancestors was pervaded by the 
 ideal of the spirit. They labored for the meat that perisheth, 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 9 
 
 but only in the sense that by a renewed vigor and a more ample 
 fortune they might erect some new symbol of their faith in the 
 spirit of man. In 1837, members of the parish living in the 
 village of Roekville. organized a second church. The church had. 
 as its first preacher. Rev. Diodate Brockway. and the church 
 building, constructed at a heavy expense ($4,500) was located 
 on the site of our present Memorial Town Hall. This church 
 remained the Second Church in Vernon up to 1848. when the 
 growth of the village became so pronounced that the parish was 
 divided and a new church organized. The new edifice was erected 
 on the site of the present Union Church and the first pastor 
 was Rev. Andrew Sharpe. The two churches became known 
 respectively as the First and Second Churches in Rockville. 
 
 Of the other denominations the first to make its appearance 
 was that of the Methodists. Services were held by itinerant 
 preachers as early as 1833. It was not until 1840, however, that 
 Vernon was placed upon the regular list of appointments. The 
 first appointees were Revs. Benj. M. Walker and Caleb D. 
 Rogers. Meetings were conducted in the old schoolhouse on 
 AVest Street until 1847, when a church building was erected. The 
 location was in the same vicinity, on AVest Street, not far from 
 Windsor Avenue. 
 
 For professions other than clergymen, there was in the Puritan 
 regime comparatively little room. The lawyer was, according 
 to the Scriptures, decried and regarded as a maker rather than 
 a settler of disputes. Vernon was fortunate in that her first 
 lawyer not only easily dispelled the prejudice of the age, but 
 achieved a distinction far beyond the confines of his adopted 
 town. Hon. D wight Loomis was born a judge, and to that rare 
 temperament was added a profound devotion to the public wel- 
 fare, and to the principles of a far-seeing and high-minded 
 justice. 
 
 A new country, consecrated to the idealism of a theocracy, 
 had little thought for the advancement of science. Although 
 physicians, as a profession, were prominent much earlier than 
 lawyers, the efficacy of their cures lay fully as much in the 
 common sense of a strong personality as in the consequences of 
 
10 SUMMARY OF YERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERX 
 
 a huge cathartic. The list of rates for general practice, adopted 
 in 1828, by the Tolland County Medical Society, is a significant 
 commentary on the times — regular visits twenty-five cents, night 
 visits fifty cents, consultations one dollar. One of the ear- 
 liest physicians in North Bolton, and the first in 
 Vernon was Dr. Scottoway Hinckley. Dr. Hinckley 
 joined the Medical Society in 1803, and read a disser- 
 tation before that body in 1807. He was particularly interested 
 in school matters, and served many years on the visiting and 
 district committees, (1799-1815). We recall Dr. Hinckley also 
 for his experiments, in 1812, along with Delano Abbott, in the 
 first weaving of cloth. Altogether Vernon may feel well satis- 
 fied with the public spirit of her first regular physician. 
 
 A school society was established in Xorth Bolton, October 31, 
 1796. The formation of a society was the method prevailing at 
 that time in the promotion and regulation of all school matters. 
 In the early days of the three original towns, the common educa- 
 tion was a subject for action at town meeting. In those ^days 
 there was usually but one parish or ecclesiastical society in each 
 town. As the population increased, a division became necessary, 
 and two or more parishes began to occupy the same general terri- 
 tory. With this division into parishes came the gradual transfer 
 of school supervision from the town authorities to the leaders 
 in each parish. The school society was a self-appointed repre- 
 sentative committee of the parish interested in school matters. 
 The first meetings of the society in Xorth Bolton were held in 
 the <»ld meeting house. The parish was immediately divided into 
 districts, and the erection of the small but historic schoolhouses 
 soon followed. In L798 the first school visiting committee was 
 appointed. The visiting committee appointed in 1808. when 
 North Bolton became Vernon, consisted of Scottoway Hinckley, 
 Oliver II. King, Benjamin Talcott, Jr., and Thomas W. Kellogg. 
 It is clear, therefore, that the school system was in working order 
 at the beginning of our history as a town. As the southern 
 part of the town was the earliest to develop; the Center. Dobson, 
 PJicenix and Valley Falls Districts became the first of impor- 
 tance. The old schoolhouse near Valley Falls, long since out of 
 
PETER DOBSON, 
 Founder of First Cotton Mill in Vernon and one of the first in America. 
 Co-worker with Samuel Slater, Father of Cotton Manufacturing in 
 this Country. (Courtesy of Rockville Journal). 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON 's HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 11 
 
 commission, still stands the relic of a stern and somber past. In 
 the vicinity of Rockville, the West District became the first of 
 importance. The schoolhouse stood near the old Grant Mill. 
 In the East District there was no schoolhouse until 1836. To 
 meet the rapid development of the new village, schools were held 
 in private houses. In the same year, 1836, the society voted 
 that school should be kept four months in the year, the first 
 reference we have to the length of the term of instruction. While 
 an opportunity for instruction was made possible for every child 
 in the township, we can not regard the resultant education other 
 than purely elementary. Up to Is;;*.) there was hut one grade. 
 The pursuit of agriculture without modern implements and in 
 the midst of a primitive wildness afforded slight opportunities 
 for self-culture. The foremost problem of the community was 
 the hard practical end of gaining a livelihood. Nature was the 
 task-master and applied mechanics was the general course of 
 study. The field of advanced learning was reserved for the 
 clergymen, and the effect even here was dogmatic and limited. 
 It must he borne in mind, however, that profundity of knowl- 
 edge was not the first essential of a community based upon free 
 institutions. "We glorify our fathers because they recognized 
 that a diffusion of knowledge, a high average intelligence, was 
 the real foundation of a i'vvr democracy. In 1848, the first 
 regular school building for both the lower and higher grades 
 was completed at a cost of about $10,000. This marked the 
 beginning of our modern system of education. A state law, in 
 185(5, abolished the school societies and transferred the school 
 jurisdiction from the parish back to the town. Ii was some time 
 later, however, (1866) before the various school districts were 
 made uniformly responsible to the town authority, as we have it 
 today. 
 
 Agriculture, which in 1808 occupied a foremost position in 
 industry, was destined to be superseded, and in a comparatively 
 short time become second in importance to the mechanical arts. 
 In the early days the lord of the farm looked down upon the 
 mechanic as upon a vulgar and inferior being. Not until the 
 constitution of 1818 were both placed upon the same level as 
 
12 SUMMARY OF VERNON'** HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 
 
 citizens. Manufacturing at once felt the impetus of the new 
 equality in industry. Soon after, in 1821, appeared the first 
 real factory in the town, built by Colonel Francis McLean, and 
 called the Bock. Other manufactories in their order of develop- 
 ment were — the Frank (1831); New Bock (1832); afterward 
 the Leeds (1837); Hockanum (1833), formerly Twin Mills 
 (1814) ; Springville (1833) ; Saxony (1836) ; Panola or Stone 
 Mill (1836) ; and New England (1837). These various enterpris- 
 es so rapidly succeeded that by 1841, when a post office was estab- 
 lished and Bockville entered upon history, the mechanic had 
 passed the agriculturist, and not only in Vernon but through- 
 out Connecticut as a whole. We became a manufacturing town, 
 and we arrived at this condition by reason of the intuitive 
 faculty which has given us the name of "Yankee." 
 
 War has made its summons upon Vernon in the most memor- 
 able conflict of history. Three hundred enlisted men responded 
 to the great moral call of the Civil War, Company F 
 of the Fifth Connecticut, Company D of the Fourteenth 
 Connecticut, and a detachment in Company B of the 
 Seventh Connecticut, and one German company of the Xew 
 York military, beside nmny individuals to various other regi- 
 ments. Upon the record of the town, as well, is the heavy 
 expenditure of money which was none other than the labor of 
 those who fulfilled their duty at home. At the town meeting 
 of August 19, 1862, the sum of $25,000 was appropriated for the 
 general expenses. By the close of the war, other appropriations 
 brought the total to over $46,000. In addition the estimated 
 amount paid by individuals for bounties to volunteers and sub- 
 stitutes was $15,000. When we remember that the population 
 was less than half of our present numbers, the measure of the 
 sacrifices, both in men and in money, appears in a truer and 
 more powerful light. The days of the Bebellion are gone. Only 
 those who lived them through can know of the anguish of soul 
 upon the field and the terrible uncertainty of mind at home. 
 
 A'crnon, in 1824, by the advantage of her location on the 
 Boston Turnpike, enjoyed an event of considerable historic inter- 
 est. Upon this turnpike Colonel King erected a substantial 
 
FRANCIS McLEAN, 
 Builder of the first woolen mill of 
 importance and pioneer of the indus- 
 try. 
 
 PHINEAS TALCOTT, 
 Delegate to Constitutional Convention 
 in ISIS. Agent of the Rock Manu- 
 facturing Company. Organizer of 
 The American Mills. 
 
 CAPTAIN ALLEN HAMMOND. 
 The history of Rockville has been in- 
 separably connected with name of 
 Hammond since 1837. 
 
 DR. ALDEN SKINNER. 
 One of the last of the old-time phy- 
 sicians. Father of Town Clerk 
 Skinner — Alden Skinner Camp Sons 
 of Veterans is named in his honor, 
 
SUMMARY OF VERXON'S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 13 
 
 hostelry, our present town farm, known in those days as King's 
 Tavern. At the tavern many men of national fame from time 
 to time regaled themselves. Finally, one of international repute, 
 General Lafayette, on his revisit to America, had occasion to 
 make the journey from Boston to Hartford. Vernon, to render 
 the illustrious guest appropriate homage, called out her military 
 for a royal salute. The general, however, was so late in arriving 
 that the soldiers and royal salute betook themselves home. 
 Nevertheless the historic sojourn at the old tavern took place, 
 and many veterans of the Revolution greeted the gallant French- 
 man. This event has been honorably commemorated by one of 
 our patriotic societies, the D. A. E. 
 
 The achievements of early Vernon must needs be to the many 
 a tradition, to the few, only a memory. The work of our Puritan 
 ancestry was essentially constructive. They were the precursors 
 and guardians of a new manhood, and as such, were builders of 
 mind, of body, and of soul. The final effect was not perfect, 
 nor always pleasing, but citizenship was ennobled in every de- 
 partment and life was made richer for the generation to come. 
 
SUMMARY OF YERXOXS HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERN" 15 
 
 SUMMARY 
 
 of the 
 
 MODERN HISTORY OF VERNON 
 
 by 
 
 Harry Coxklix Smith. 
 
 History is a record of what man lias done, a narrative of 
 past events. A town history treats of the rise and growth 
 of the town, of the deeds of the town's citizens, the manners 
 and customs of her people, from which it gains its color and 
 inspiration. It also shows the part the town has taken in that 
 mighty forward and onward movement, called progress. Town 
 history is distinguished as early and modern. Usually it is the 
 task of the historian to trace the progress of the town from its 
 rude beginnings to its present strength and wealth. It should 
 be a labor of love, and to be properly done, it must be the 
 work of years. The history of the town of Vernon has been 
 divided into two parts. The first part, or a summary of the 
 early history of the town, has been admirably presented to the 
 reader in the preceding pages. 
 
 Xo generation in the strictest sense can begin its own work. 
 It reaps fields that have been sown by others. To understand 
 what we are today we need to go back to the toils and hardships 
 of our ancestors, the descendants of the Pilgrim Fathers. It 
 was their rude schoolhouses that prepared the way for our 
 splendid present-day system of education. It was their struggle 
 for political and religious freedom that gave us the greatest 
 republic on which the sun ever shone, and our Xew England 
 town and Xew England town meeting, institutions that typify 
 freedom and democracy. It was their intense conviction of their 
 accountability to God that fruited in the rugged virtues of Xew 
 England character. While we of the present day, in veneration of 
 that loyalty to God, home and country, which made our ancestors 
 industrious, honest, self reliant and honored, strive to maintain 
 the splendid character of our Xew England civilization, the 
 
16 SUMMARY OF VERXOXS HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERX 
 
 problems that confront us as a town today are vastly different 
 from the problems our fathers had to deal with when the town 
 was incorporated, and for many years after its incorporation. 
 As has been truly said, they are no longer problems of con- 
 struction, but problems of maintenance. In chronicling the 
 events of these later days the historian must deal with plain, 
 unvarnished facts, crowding a maximum of historic information 
 into a minimum of space. 
 
 While it will be necessary in some instances to go a decade 
 or two back of the Civil War to properly describe conditions 
 and chronicle events during the modern period of Vernon's his- 
 tory, the Civil War is the point of demarcation between the early 
 and the modern history of the town. In the summary of the 
 town's early history the reader was given a clear idea of what 
 Vernon did for her brave and loyal sons, who enlisted for the 
 war, and what they in turn did for their country. The first 
 chapter of the modern history introduces the reader to the 
 return of these soldiers, showing the conditions that existed in 
 the town of Vernon following the war. 
 
 When the news of Lee's surrender to Grant at Appomattox 
 reached Vernon, there was great rejoicing and a notable 
 demonstration. One by one the Boys-in-Blue came back to their 
 old homes and their families, conscious of having discharged 
 the highest duty of American citizenship. Of the three hundred 
 enlisted men from Vernon, who responded to the great moral call 
 of the Civil War, many lost their lives on the various battlefields 
 or died of wounds in hospitals or elsewhere. Practically all of 
 Vernon's mill owners showed the right spirit toward their 
 employees who answered their country's call in its time of dire 
 need, and toward their families who were left at home, in 
 many cases to battle with life alone. The American Mills' 
 conduct along these lines was particularly noteworthy. 
 
 VERNON AND THE WAR WITH SPAIN. 
 
 Just a third of a century after one of the grandest wars ever 
 fought by man for man, the tocsin of war again sounded 
 throughout the land. This time the United States was forced 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNOX's HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN' 17 
 
 to teach Spain a lesson. Because she persisted in the practices 
 of the fifteenth century in the closing years of the 
 nineteenth century, refusing to advance with the modern 
 laws of humanity, we entered upon a unique war, 
 standing alone amidst all the wars of history. The 
 young men who marched through Rockville's streets on 
 .May 1. 1898 were the exad counterpart of the young 
 men of '61. Never in Rockville's history was there 
 more patriotism displayed than when Company left for Nian- 
 tic to be mustered into the United Stales service. Over five 
 thousand people saw them off. Public buildings and private 
 residences were covered with "Old Glory," business was suspended 
 and the boys departed amid cheers and tears. It was a source of 
 great satisfaction to know that the manufacturers had made 
 arrangements to provide for the families whose husbands or 
 other members enlisted for the war. The sum of $25 per 
 month was given to the married men and $15 per month to the 
 single men. Company C was the banner company of the regi- 
 ment, a greater percentage of its men having passed the rigid 
 medical examination, which goes to show that the men were 
 in their prime and enjoyed vigorous health. 
 
 The First Regiment having been assigned to the peaceful 
 department of the East, Company C hoys did not get into the 
 thick of the fight. They sacrificed much, however. Some died, 
 while others endured long sieges of sickness. That they did 
 not go across the waters was no fault of theirs. They offered 
 themselves, as did the boys of '61, for any sacrifice which might 
 be called for. 
 
 They were gone away from home a few days over six months, 
 spending the time after leaving Xiantic at Jerry's Point, Ports- 
 mouth, X. H. and Camp Alger, Ya. They received a grand 
 ovation and reception on their return to Rockville on the even- 
 ing of November 9, 1898. 
 
18 SUMMARY OF VKKXOX's HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 
 
 ROSTER OF COMPANY C WHEN MUSTERED INTO THE 
 
 UNITED STATES SEE VICE AT CAMP HAVEN, 
 
 NIANTIC, MAY 17, 1898, BY LIEUTENANT 
 
 ROWAN, U. S. ARMY. 
 
 OFFICERS. 
 Captain — Martin Laubscher. 
 
 Lieutenants — 1st, John Paul Haun ; 2nd, Frederick W. Chapman 
 First Sergeant — James H. Barnett. 
 
 Sergeants — Quartermaster, Francis Murray; Charles B. Milne, 
 Arthur W. Gyngell, * James W. Milne, Albert E. Usher. 
 
 Corporals — 1st, William F. Schillinger; 2nd, Webster Kaye ; 3rd, 
 William M. Hefferon: 4th, Arthur A. Gerich; 5th, William J. 
 Breen; 6th, Albert E. M. Profe. 
 
 Musicians — William J. Finley, Walter F. McCray. 
 
 Artificer — Henry M. Seipt. 
 
 Wagoner — George B. McClellan. 
 
 Privates — George N. Aborn, Charles R. Anderson, Sylvester E. 
 Arnold, Ernest E. Austin, Albert C. Bartlett, James A. 
 Beaumont, Charles E. Binch, Richard Brache. Frank S. Breen. 
 Hugo Broil, Harry J. Brown, Elmer W. Cahoon, Frank D. 
 Chadwick, Richard G. Champion, Perlin L. Charter, Wilbur 
 F. Charter, Jesse Clift, William J. Connolly, John Connors 
 2d., Jewett Collum, Philip Diedering, Jr., John Donovan, 
 Frank P. Dowd, Francis F. Einsiedel, James B. Farrell, 
 Francis P. Fitzpatrick, Joseph H. Flynn, Otto Flossbach, 
 David E. Fox, Herman P. Franz, John E. Gawtrey, Thomas 
 F. Golden, George F. Gorham, *Felix Gross, Manville Grum- 
 back, John F. Haun, John J. Hecker, George A. Hewitt, 
 Andrew Eopf, Squire Jackson, James S. Jones, Martin T. 
 Leamy, Robert H. Lehmann, Jason D. Lowell, Charles F. 
 Ludwig, James H. Lutton, Joseph H. Lutz, Thomas P. Lynch, 
 William E. Lyons, Matthew McNamara, Philip J. Malir, 
 Frank L. Manion, Ferdinand A. Matthewson, George Meyer, 
 
 *Died of typhoid lever, contracted while in the service of the 
 United States. 
 
SUMMARY OF VERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN* 19 
 
 George H. Miller, Thomas L. Millot, Thomas F. Moore. John 
 C. Murphy, John L. Murphy, John W. Murphy, William C. 
 Murphy, Patrick J. McCollough, Donald K. McLagen, Matt- 
 hew N. Xahigian, Thomas F. Newbury, Francis M. Norton, 
 John J. O'Neil, William Phillips, Frederick J. A. H. Profe, 
 James J. Quinn, Robert H. Rau, Charles H. Rauschenbach, 
 John Regan, Emil R. Schwerwitzky, Carl C. Schmeiske, Emil 
 W. Schmeiske, Ernesl A. Sharpe, Isaac- Simms, John H. 
 Smith, Freedrick W. Stengel, Henry H. Tracy, Eerman C. 
 Wagner, Charles J. Waidner. Anthony Wannegar, Waller J. 
 Willis, Howard Winchell. 
 
 Charles H. Thrall, son of Mr. and Mrs. Julius S. Thrall of 
 this city, who was in Havana, Cuba, previous t<> the outbreak 
 of the Spanish- American War, in charge of an electric light 
 station, had a thrilling experience that he is likely to remember 
 as long as he lives. After war had been declared, Mr. Thrall, 
 who had been in this country, set sail for Cuba, where he was 
 employed in the interests of the United States government and 
 as a correspondent for the Xew York papers. He was taken a 
 prisoner, with others, at Salado Beach by two companies of 
 Spanish batteries. He was conducted to the Cuban fortress, 
 Morro Castle, by seven of the Civil Guards and confined there. 
 He was finally exchanged. The incidents surrounding his cap- 
 ture would form a very interesting chapter. 
 
 During the Spanish-American War Dr. Thomas F. Rockwell 
 of this city was major and surgeon on the staff of General Charles 
 L. Burdett, having volunteered his services. On May 4. 1898, 
 he was appointed post surgeon of the military post at Xiantic, 
 Conn., under Brigadier-General George Haven, and he served 
 as consulting surgeon in the First Division Hospital at Camp 
 Alger, Va. His military career has been a long and honorable 
 one. 
 
 FPHOLDIXG MILITARY TRADITIOXS. 
 
 Shortly after the close of the Civil War a Grand Army Post 
 was organized in this city, but owing to dissensions in the ranks 
 of its members it was short lived. It was one of the pioneer 
 
 
20 SUMMARY OF VERNON S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 
 
 posts of the state. After its disbandment, a Veterans' Associa- 
 tion was formed among many of the local veterans of the 
 Rebellion to perpetuate the memory of departed soldiers who 
 bad taken part in the memorable conflict from '61 to '65. Bur- 
 pee Post, Xo. 71, Department of Connecticut G. A. R. was 
 organized April 23, 1884, with twenty-three charter 
 members, of whom the following are living: A. Park 
 Hammond, D. F. Andrews, Willard Griswold, W. B. 
 Root, H. M. Willis, J. H. Newell, L. X. Charter, 
 John Thompson, Arthur A. Hyde and H. W. Coye. 
 George X. Brigham was the first post commander and Charles 
 W. Wood the post's first adjutant. Since the organization of 
 the post to the present time one hundred and twenty-five 
 veterans have enrolled their names on the membership 
 book. The post is named in honor of the gallant 
 Colonel Burpee of the Twenty-first Regiment, Connecticut 
 Volunteers, who was killed at the battle of Cold Harbor on the 
 morning of June 9, 1864 while acting as brigade officer of the 
 day. Colonel Burpee was a Rockville boy. Harvey Davis is 
 the present commander and Julius H. Xewell is adjutant. 
 
 Burpee Woman's Relief Corps, which has done noble work, 
 co-operating in a splendid manner with Burpee Post, was organ- 
 ized on January 15, 1886 with a membership of about 
 twenty-five. Its present membership is one hundred and 
 fifty-three. Mrs. Anna Dickinson is president. It stood 
 first in the state last year in amount of money given 
 for relief work. 
 
 Alden Skinner Camp, Xo. 45, Sons of Veterans, is 
 named in honor of Alden Skinner, a surgeon of the 
 Twenty-fifth Regiment, Connecticut Volunteers, who died 
 March 30, 1863, of malarious typhoid fever, contracted 
 in the service of his country. It was organized May 
 7, 1890 with twenty charter members. William F. 
 Loom is was captain and Frank B. McPherson, first ser- 
 geant. Its present commander is John Felber and its secre- 
 tary is H. L. Symonds. 
 
 Growing out of the Spanish- American War a camp of Spanish 
 War Veterans was organized in Rockville on May 17, 1908, by 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON '.S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 21 
 
 Department Commander Henry H. Saunders. The camp is 
 known as James \Y. Milne Cam]), in honor of Sergeant James 
 W. Milne, who lost his life as the result of contracting typhoid 
 fever in that war. It started with twenty-four charter 
 members and its present membership is thirty-four. The 
 adjutant's report at last division encampmenl showed 
 that the camp had made the largesl gain in member- 
 ship of any of the camps. .Martin Laubscher was the 
 firsl commander, and Arthur \V. Gyngell is the present com- 
 mander. 
 
 Back in the early forties there was a military company in 
 Roekville. It was commanded by Captain Chauncey Hibbard 
 and was part of the old state militia. Captain Hibbard being 
 a natural drillmaster. the company furnished many officers dur- 
 ing the Civil War and many men who enlisted in that memor- 
 able conflict received their first training in this company, and 
 it proved valuable training. The company, which was known 
 as Company C, subsequent to the war finally disbanded. 
 On February 25, 1890, a company was organized in Roekville 
 and was accepted as a part of the state militia, taking the 
 name of Company C. The late Sheriff Amass I'. Dick- 
 inson was captain. Frederick H. Linker, first lieutenant and 
 Martin Laubseher second lieutenant. For several years the com- 
 pany led the regiment in figures of merit. The present officers 
 of the company are: Captain. James 11. Lutton; first lieutenant, 
 Michael J. O'Connell; second lieutenant. Albert E. Scharf. 
 
 The Hammond Drum Corps, organized by J. C. Hammond, 
 Jr., brought fame to Roekville back in the early seventies. It 
 participated in a great many memorable parades in various 
 parts of the country. It continued in existence for several years. 
 finally reorganizing. It has held several notable reunion.-. 
 
 Roekville has had several good bands in its history, but is 
 without a local band at the present time. 
 
 YERXOX AXD HER INDUSTRIES. 
 
 Snipsic Lake, as a water power, has contributed very largely 
 to the prosperity of the town of Vernon. Through its outlet 
 
22 SUMMARY OF VERXOX*S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN' 
 
 the winding, sinuous Hockanum, it pours down a 
 grade of two hundred and fifty-six feet to the mile 
 and a half into the valley below, furnishing one of 
 the finest and most easily available water powers to be 
 found in America. The water possesses a superior quality, which 
 gives it a special value. The supply is practically inexhaustible, 
 and the descent is so rapid and steady that the power may be 
 used over and over again, at surprisingly short intervals. To 
 the genius of "Snip," as it is affectionately known, Rockville is 
 indebted for its growth and development during the past cen- 
 tury. The beautiful Hockanum is the magic wand which has 
 transformed an unfertile, unpromising, and what appeared at one 
 time to be a worthless tract of land, into a thriving city of 
 substantial mills, modern streets and beautiful residences. By 
 its invisible arm, gravitation, Snipsic daily sets in motion nearly 
 a score of water wheels, and for the space of more than a mile 
 the Hockanum is literally studded with shops and factories. 
 "Snip" is the ruling, the motive ]i>ower, men and machinery be- 
 ing but the agents to do its bidding. 
 
 Aside from its importance as a motive power to run ma- 
 chinery, Snipsic Lake is a very interesting and attractive spot. 
 Indeed, situated as it is, in the Tolland hills, it is one of Con- 
 necticut's most beautiful glimpses of forest and water. In its 
 setting and adornment Nature has been most prodigal of her 
 charms. Few New England lakes surpass it in beauty, althorigh 
 in size it is not large, covering five hundred and twenty-five 
 acres. The original lake was half that. It is five hundred and 
 fifteen feet above the sea level. Prior to 1847 Snipsic dam was 
 five feet and ten inches high; in 184? ten feet were added; in 
 1864, seven feet, in 1872, three feet and eight inches, making 
 the present dam twenty-six feet and six inches from bottom to 
 coping. From top of the dam to and including Windermere 
 privilege, the Hockanum River, fed by Snipsic Lake, has a fall 
 of three hundred and nine feet. 
 
 The company's first main in 1847 was an 8-inch cement pipe, 
 and the first line of pipe came down to what was then a reser- 
 voir basin in Central Park. This reservoir basin, 
 
SUMMARY OF YKKXOX's HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 23 
 
 which was piped, supplied the lower part of the village. 
 In 1866 a 12-inch cast iron main was laid in place of the 8-inch 
 main. In 1893 and 1894 a 20-inch east iron main was laid, 
 which extends as far as the corner of West Main Street and 
 Vernon Avenue. On Union, Prospect and Brooklyn Streets 
 LO-inch mains have been laid and on all the other city streets 
 6-inch mains are in use. 
 
 Snipsic furnishes Rockville with its domestic water supply, 
 which is of great abundance, superior quality, with good gravity 
 and high pressure service. The business is conducted by the 
 Rockville "Water and Aqueduct Company, which at the present 
 time is largely composed of the mill owners of the city. Originally 
 a stock affair, it was organized in October, 1847, with a 
 capital of $7,000. The first meeting was held at the 
 Leeds office on November 11, 1847. George Kellogg was the 
 first president and Phineas Talcott first secretary and treas- 
 urer. Tn 1866 the needs of the village demanded better service 
 than the old company with its limited capital and capacity could 
 give. Having secured a charter from the legislature at the May 
 session in the above named year, the company was reorganized 
 with J. J. Robinson as president and .'. ('. Eammond, Jr., as 
 secretary and treasurer. A. Park Hammond is the president of 
 the company at the present time and J. C. Hammond, Jr., the 
 present secretary and treasurer, has served the company in this 
 capacity for forty-four consecutive years — a remarkable 
 record. The company has kept pace with the growth 
 of the town and at the present time lias one hundred 
 and fourteen city hydrants, about fifty private hydrants, 
 and about twenty miles of pip''. Prior to 1894 the 
 high service was supplied by wells and cisterns. In 1904 the 
 present pumping station and standpipe were erected. 
 
 The office was located in the New England Mill until 1877, 
 when it was moved to a room in the rear of the Citizens' Block, 
 where the post office was then located. Since June. 1890, it has 
 been located on the second floor in the Rockville National Hank 
 Building. 
 
24 SUMMARY OF VERNON S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 
 
 Snipsic Lake is conceded to be the best illustration of an 
 artificial reservoir to be found in Connecticut, if not in the 
 country. 
 
 The most important event in the history of the local water 
 company was the consolidation that took place between the old 
 Rock vi lie Water Power Company and the Eockville Aqueduct 
 Company. On March 1, 1893, a special enactment drawn by the 
 late A. P. Hyde was obtained from the General Assembly, 
 merging and consolidating the two companies. A meeting was 
 held in the Rock Mill office, at which a charter was adopted. All 
 the mill owners and manufacturers were present, and they 
 became interested in the new company. Previous to the consoli- 
 dation, the Eockville Water Power Company had to do largely 
 with water for power purposes, while the Eockville Aqueduct 
 Company was interested principally in water for domestic pur- 
 poses. 
 
 Vernon's era of industrial pursuits arrived in the early twen- 
 ties. Their development during the germinating period, how- 
 ever, was not exempt from adverse influences. "Industries," as 
 understood in our modern classification were not any too prom- 
 inent during the early period of the town's history, the period 
 from the date of the incorporation of the town in 1808 down to 
 1845. As these have been referred to in the preceding pages 
 under the head, "Early History," it isn't necessary to again 
 call attention to them. There is a vast difference between early 
 and modern industrial life. AVith the growth of the years a 
 change swept over the community — a change likely to sweep over 
 any community with a similar environment, surroundings and 
 conditions. 
 
 The first notable expansion in the industrial life of Vernon 
 took place in the forties, and it can be truthfully said that the 
 years 1847, 1848 and 1849, marked a distinct epoch— an epoch 
 of industrial progress. The mills built during these years 
 greatly added to the volume of business and enhanced the 
 material prosperity of the town. The panic of 1857, which was 
 national, paralyzing industries all over the country, hit Vernon 
 bard and there was an extended period of business depression. 
 
SUMMARY OF VERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN' 25 
 
 There was no marked rally until the breaking out of the Civil 
 War, when there was an urgent demand for goods for army pur- 
 poses. The Rockville mills, like mills in other places, had de- 
 sirable contracts. Those mills that did not care to take army 
 contracts found a ready market for all the goods they could 
 manufacture. During the years of the war, and immediately 
 following the war up to 1865, times were good and optimism 
 prevailed in the industrial life of the town. While there was a 
 gradual growth and development, there was no marked period 
 of expansion akin to the expansion of '49. In the fifties, over- 
 seers in the Rockville mills earned from -$1.50 to $2.50 per day, 
 and other mill help was paid in proportion. The salaries paid 
 to the mill officers were not large. George Kellogg, affection- 
 ately known as "Uncle George," head of the Hock Mill for many 
 years, received the very modest salary of $1,000. A. ('. Crosby, 
 superintendent of the same mill, received what was considered 
 then a very high salary. $1,500. When Thomas M. Barrows 
 was engaged to come to Rockville and manage the American 
 Mills at a salary of $2,500 per year, many of the other mill 
 owners were actually scandalized. After the close of the war, 
 a readjustment took place owing to changed financial conditions. 
 When Lee surrendered at Appomattox, gold was selling at 270, 
 and the cost of living had greatly increased. While naturally 
 there was an inflation in wages, it didn't begin to compare with 
 the increased cost of living. From 1865, up to the present time, 
 Vernon's industrial life has shown a slow but healthy growth. 
 Old concerns have passed away, new concerns have come, addi- 
 tions and enlargements have been going on. There have been 
 periods of industrial activity and depression. Small industries 
 have expanded into gigantic corporations with millions of capi- 
 tal, until today the town of Vernon enjoys an international 
 reputation as a great woolen center. 
 
 At the present time there are twelve manufacturing concerns 
 in the town of Vernon doing business on a large scale. They are 
 for the most part corporations chartered by the state. There are, 
 however, several smaller enterprises conducted by private firms. 
 Of the twelve companies nine are engaged in the manufacture 
 
26 SUMMARY OF VERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERN 
 
 of fine woolen and worsted goods. These are the Hockanum. 
 Springville, New England and Minterburn Mills, the Hock 
 Manufacturing Company, the American Mills Company, the 
 James J. Regan Manufacturing Company, Talcott Brothers and 
 the Roekville Worsted Company. 
 
 The goods of many of the companies exhibited at Chicago 
 in competition with the best English, French and German makers 
 were unhesitatingly pronounced by expert judges to be equal, if 
 not superior, to any worsted goods in the manufacturing depart- 
 ment. Thus as a result of this exhibition, it has been shown 
 beyond peradventure of doubt that, so far as quality of goods 
 is concerned, our American manufacturers have nothing to fear 
 from foreign competition, and it has also been proved that Rock- 
 ville stands at the very forefront, the products of its woolen 
 manufacturing plants commanding world-wide attention and 
 challenging the admiration of expert judges in the woolen in- 
 dustry. 
 
 To show the great reputation of the goods produced in the 
 factories of the Hockanum Mills Company, it may be said that 
 they have made suits to be worn at the inauguration by three 
 different presidents of the United States, the Springville Com- 
 pany having made the suit worn by President Harrison, the 
 Hockanum Company the suit worn by President Mclvinley, and 
 the Springville Company the suit worn by President Roosevelt. 
 
 The cloth of which these different suits was made was sold 
 thereafter as among the highest price fabrics on the market, 
 and were named "Inauguration" cloth, "Mclvinley'" cloth and 
 "Presidential" cloth, respectively. 
 
 The cloths were all similar fabrics, being black undressed 
 worsted made of the very finest counts of yarn used in men's wear 
 goods. These yarns took many months to produce, as they were 
 from the very finest selected wool that could be obtained be- 
 taking the very best lots from an immense quantity of wool. The 
 goods were London shrunk at the mills and were turned out with 
 a very soft and beautiful finish. 
 
 The mills of this association made the first men's wear goods 
 that were produced in this country from worsted yarn. The 
 
C" ' 
 
 : 
 
 ---i.^:^**'^ 
 
 
 HOUSE WHERE WOOLEN MANUFACTURING was first started in town of 
 Vernon. 
 
 * 
 
 
 
 
 ■tar ■ X 
 
 B i 
 
 1 ' ■ "»_! • 
 
 
 us 
 
 ,',tm 
 
 
 ^MbH 
 
 
 
 IN 1804, JOHN WARBURTON utilized 
 this "lower" privilege as a wool- 
 carding plant. 
 
 EIRST MILL IN VERNON— Built in 
 1 79 ">-<> by John Warburton on this 
 
 site. 
 
 I I I ■ '■ 
 
 4.1 J f l I I B 1 
 i II II II II II I| 
 
 PIONEER WOOLEN FACTORY from 
 which Rockville derives its name. 
 Old Rock Woolen Factory erected in 
 J821 by Colonel Francis McLean. 
 
 EIRST WOOLEN MILLS in Rockville. 
 Twin mills erected by E. Nash on 
 the old. Hockantim site about 1814. 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON 's HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 27 
 
 Hockamim Mill lias undoubted proof of this from testimony of 
 yarn manufacturers, that their books showed the first sales of 
 worsted yarn to any men's wear mills were made to the Hock- 
 amim. 
 
 Prior to 1841-42 the only goods manufactured by the Xew 
 England Mill were cotton warps. It was decided to commence 
 the manufacture of all-wool fancy "Kerseymeres/ 5 and the new- 
 looms came from the original George Crompton. It was from 
 Mr. Crompton that Captain Hammond learned designing. The 
 Xew England Company's looms turned out the first all-wool 
 "Fancies" made in America. 
 
 In 1906 the Hockanum Mills Company was organized as a 
 holding corporation by the stockholders of the Hockanum. 
 Springville, Xew England and Minterburn Companies, with a 
 view to centralizing the business. The capital stock is 
 $6,000,000. Under the new plan the four mills combined for 
 the buying of raw material. The selling of the finished product 
 has also been facilitated by the change. 
 
 The officers of the Hockanum Mills Company at the present 
 time are: 
 
 President— F. T. Maxwell. 
 
 Vice-President — Robert Maxwell. 
 
 Secretary and Treasurer — William Maxwell. 
 
 General Superintendent — David A. Sykes. 
 
 Assistant General Superintendent — Charles S. Bottomley. 
 
 Assistant Treasurer and Paymaster — A. Park Hammond. 
 
 Purchasing Agent — M. C. Mason. 
 
 Assistant Paymaster — George B. Hammond. 
 
 Office Managers — Hockanum. J. E. Maynard; Xew England, 
 George B. Hammond; Minterburn, S. Tracy Noble. 
 
 Superintendents — Hockanum. Nelson Little ; Springville. 
 dames A. Elliott; Xew England. Frank Eastwood; Minterburn, 
 Frank P. Reiser. 
 
 The total yearly output in dollars and cents of the four mills 
 in the Hockanum Mills Company is $3,500,000, and the total 
 weekly payroll is $14,000. 
 
28 SUMMARY OF YERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERX 
 
 A new central office building has just, been completed for the 
 Hockanum Mills Company just east of the Springville Mill 
 office. It is a two and one-half story brick building with brown 
 stone trimmings, 70x50 feet in size. 
 
 A new dyehouse has also just been completed. It is a one- 
 story brick and concrete building with monitor roof, having a 
 very complete ventilating system, which disposes of steam. It 
 is 190x75 feet in size. 
 
 HOCKANUM PLANT. 
 
 The Hockanum plant today comprises five mills, the main one 
 being 375x45 feet, four stories high, built of wood and brick, 
 with a wing 180x56 feet, four stories, built of concrete reinforc- 
 ed with steel: finishing mill 250x40 feet, constructed of brick: 
 dyehouse 75x40 feet, connected to main mill four stories high. 
 There is also a large brick boiler house and engine house. The 
 plant uses about 500-horse power. 
 
 The mills are equipped with 156 broad looms and 15 sets of 
 cards and 4,440 spindles. There are also four large tubular 
 steam boilers of 400-horse power and a steam engine of 350- 
 horse power. Some twelve electric motors are used doing away 
 with much belting and shafting. The mills are equipped 
 throughout with automatic sprinklers and all advanced methods 
 for protection against fire. Employment is given to 325 
 operatives. 
 
 THE SPRINGVILLE MANUFACTURING COMPAXY. 
 
 The Springville mill, which was established in 1833 by the late 
 Chauncey Winchelh in 1866, just a third of a century later, 
 underwent a wonderful expansion. At that time the property 
 was purchased by the late George Maxwell and the late George 
 Sykes, Avho soon commenced the removal of the old mill, replacing 
 it with a much larger one of stone and brick, 300 feet long and 
 45 feet wide, with two wings, each 100x50 feet, and all four 
 stories high, equipped with automatic sprinklers and all up-to- 
 date appliances for tire protection. Other buildings are the 
 dyehouse. boiler and engine house, and storehouse, all built of 
 
SUMMARY OF VKKXox's HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 29 
 
 brick and modern and commodious. One hundred horse power 
 is developed by water and 600 by three Large steam boilers. One 
 large 200-horse power engine furnishes the steam power. A 
 75-horse power dynamo and engine furnish the electric lights. 
 Eight sets of cards and 135 broad looms and 3. .300 spindles 
 comprise the equipment. Employment is given to 350 operat- 
 ives. 
 
 THE NEW ENGLAND COMPANY. 
 
 The New England's group of buildings on Vernon Avenue 
 include a large frame and brick structure, also dyehouse and 
 boiler house, constituting an important factor in Rockville's 
 industrial life. The finished product amounts t<> nearly 350,000 
 yards annually. 
 
 The plant will compare favorably with the other plants in 
 the Hockanum Mills Company. Its equipment is first class in 
 every respect, there being 9 sets of cards at the present time. 
 114 broad looms and 600 spindles. The mill is equipped with 
 dynamos for providing their own light. Power is furnished by 
 steam engines of 225-horse power. Employment is provided for 
 300 operatives. 
 
 The old wooden water wheel, which has been in use at the 
 New England mill since 1860, was used for the last time on 
 Thursday, August 20, 1909. Work commenced on the follow- 
 ing day on the tearing out of the old wheel. While the new 
 turbine water wheel was being placed in position, the plant was 
 run wholly by steam power. The completion of the new turbine 
 wheel is a decided improvement, the mill now being run by 
 electric drive, the water power being utilized to run a generator 
 providing electricity for power. 
 
 The old mill wheel, which provided 120-horse power, was 24 
 feet in diameter and 16 feet wide. It was the largest water 
 wheel in the city. 
 
 THE MINTEPBUEN MILLS COMPANY. 
 
 This is the youngest of the four companies comprising the 
 Hockanum Mills Company. It occupies the old site of the Rock- 
 
30 SUMMARY OF YE RNON's HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN" 
 
 ville Warp Mills Company, being the first plant on the Hockan- 
 um Kiver. It was incorporated in 1906, and after tearing down 
 the old and dilapidated buildings on the site, work was com- 
 menced on the erection of a handsome, modern concrete con- 
 struction building, which is likely to stand for a generation. 
 It is the largest mill in the city and one of the finest in New 
 England of concrete construction. 
 
 The main building is 300 feet long by 06 feet wide, five stories 
 high. It is equipped with the latest approved automatic sprinkl- 
 ers and an improved steam plant of 250-horse power has been 
 installed in a boiler and engine house in the rear of the main 
 building. A chimney of concrete construction 165 feet high, 
 in connection with the mill, is one of the sights in the east end 
 of Eockville. Xo better lighted or ventilated mill, manufactur- 
 ing woolen and worsted goods can be found in the country. 
 
 Opposite the main mill is the warehouse, constructed of brick, 
 100x45 feet, and an office building containing counting room, 
 large vault, private office and directors' room, lighted by elec- 
 tricity. 
 
 The machinery is the very best money can buy. The mill is 
 equipped with 68 broad looms and there are 4,080 spindles. 
 Employment is given to 225 hands. 
 
 THE ROCK MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 
 
 The plant of the Bock Manufacturing Company comprises 
 twelve buildings at the present time. The main mill, which is 
 300 feet long and five and one-half stories high, attracts the at- 
 tention of all visitors to the city. The equipment is modern 
 throughout, including one of the finest and most up-to-date 
 finishing departments in the country. The plant is equipped 
 with 11 sets of carding machines, 36 spinning mules, 
 102 broad looms and 10,000 spindles. The company has a valu- 
 able \v;iler power, having two wheels of 125-horse power each, 
 and also a steam engine of 150-horse power. 
 
 The Rock embraces what was formerly the Leeds Mill and 
 lias a large group of buildings on West Main Street. Employ- 
 ment is given to 300 operatives. The yearly output of finished 
 
SUMMARY OF YERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 31 
 
 goods amounts to $1,250,000. Some idea of the magnitude of 
 
 the business may he gained from the fact that the company 
 annually pays to the New York, Xew Haven and Hartford 
 Railroad Company about $12,000 in freight charges. 
 
 The Rock Manufacturing Company's product, fine coatings, 
 thibets, coverts and uniform cloths, are known far and wide for 
 their tine texture, splendid quality and general excellence. 
 
 The Rock Manufacturing Company made the cloth worn by 
 President Benjamin Harrison and Vice-President Levi P. 
 Morton at the centennial celebration of the inauguration of 
 Georg Washington as president of the United States in Xew 
 York City, April 30, 1889. 
 
 The cloth is what is known as a "Clay Twill." It was made 
 from a very fine grade of worsted yarn. There were six thou- 
 sand seven hundred ends and one hundred and twelve picks of 
 filling to the inch, the dye being alozarine. 
 
 Frederick Swindells, a thoroughly practical man in the woolen 
 business, familiar with every detail of manufacture, has been 
 with the company since 1891, first as superintendent and then 
 as agent. He has been president of the company since 1905. 
 Arthur T. Bissell is the secretary and treasurer and Frederick 
 W. Swindells, son of the president, is the superintendent of the 
 mill. 
 
 Two buildings, 180x44, one story high, of regular mill con- 
 struction, were completed in July, 1909. These are used for 
 finishing purposes. 
 
 A two-story regular mill construction building, 80x30 feet in 
 size, fire proof, was completed in December, 1909. This is being 
 used for a storehouse. 
 
 THE AMERICAN MILLS COMPANY. 
 
 Just east of the business center of the city is the main build- 
 ing of the American Mills Company, one of Eockville's indus- 
 trial landmarks. It is one of the largest buildings used for 
 manufacturing in the city, and is likewise one of the old and 
 substantial concerns, making woolen and worsted goods in Rock- 
 ville. 
 
32 SUMMARY OF VERNON 's HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 
 
 The plant, which is an extensive one. turns out an enormous 
 quantity of finished product. It is equipped with the very latest 
 machinery and keeps abreast of the times in every respect. The 
 mill has 86 broad looms, 3 narrow looms. Vt sets of cards, 5,000 
 spindles. Its employees number 225. 
 
 The goods manufactured by the American Mills Company have 
 figured prominently in bringing fame to Rockville as the home 
 of fine woolens and worsteds. Their superior quality has been 
 tested time and time again and found to be of the very highest 
 standard. In addition to its regular line of fine fancy worsteds 
 for men's wear, the American Mills Company manufactures 
 standard and fancy carriage cloths of most novel effects in fancy 
 weaves and beautiful colorings in whip cords. Bedford cords, 
 wide and narrow wales and diagonals. 
 
 The officers of the company are : President. George Talcott ; 
 agent and treasurer. Charles X. McLean; superintendent, 
 Edward F. Badmington. 
 
 TALCOTT BROTHERS. 
 
 Talcott Brothers was organized in 1856 by II. W. & C. D. Tal- 
 cott. The property was purchased of X. 0. Kellogg, and con- 
 sisted of two mills, located respectively on an upper and lower 
 privilege. The upper mill was dismantled by the freshet of 1869, 
 and the lower mill was burned in the same year. Thereupon 
 the two privileges were consolidated, and the present mill erect- 
 ed. The product was principally satinets up to 1875 when a 
 change was made to union cassimeres. In 1907 a grade of fine 
 woolens was added to the line. In 1882, H. G. Talcott became 
 genera] manager, and M. H. Talcott became associate manager. 
 John <i. Talcott entered the firm in 1895, and C. Denison Tal- 
 cott in 1903. 
 
 THE JAMES J. REGAN MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 
 
 The James J. Regan Manufacturing Company, which is one 
 of the town's most important industries, has undergone a 
 marvelous growth since it was organized. Today the concern is 
 recognized as one of the largest in the Inked States in the 
 
SUMMARY OF VERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERX 33 
 
 manufacture of knit goods for linings. It also occupies an 
 enviable position among the woolen good- manufacturers of the 
 country. 
 
 The equipment of the two mills, which comprise the plant of 
 the James J. Regan Manufacturing Company, is thoroughly 
 modern, and the product is well known for its high standard of 
 quality and uniformity. The company's policy has been to 
 produce the best in its line. Of late years the business has 
 increased one hundred per cent. 
 
 The company operates 50 looms and 10,000. spindles, and its 
 yearly output of cloth is 400,000 yards (woven) and 1,500,000 
 yards (knit). The company has 350 employees. 
 
 The officers of the James J. Began Manufacturing "Company 
 are: President and treasurer, Francis J. Regan; vice-president 
 and assistant treasurer, Herbert J. Regan. George C. Rice has 
 been with the company for a number of years as bead book- 
 keeper and is a trustworthy and valuable employee. 
 
 THE ROCKVILLE WORSTED COMPANY. 
 
 This is Rockville's youngest industry. It is only about a year 
 old. On September 6, 1909, Edmund Corcoran of Philadelphia, 
 a practical woolen manufacturer of many years experience, pur- 
 chased of A. X. Belding the brick mill on East Main Street, 
 known as the Fitch Mill, which previous to its purchase by Mr. 
 Belding had been part of the James J. Regan Manufacturing 
 Company's plant. In December, 1909. the incorporators of the 
 company organized by elected the following officers: President, 
 Frank E. Weedon; vice-president, Thomas M. Corcoran; secre- 
 tary. Parley B. Leonard: treasurer. Edmund Corcoran; assistant 
 treasurer, Thomas Corcoran, Jr. 
 
 Sim-e purchasing the so-called Fitch Mill. Mr. Corcoran has 
 made numerous changes and what repairs were necessary. The 
 null was equipped with modern machinery. Already there are 5'-? 
 Knowles looms in operation and 100 hands are employed. It is 
 the company's intention to eventually have 90 looms, 30 on each 
 door. Within a year or two the company will probably employ 
 
34 SUMMARY OF VERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERX 
 
 several hundred hands, making a valuable addition to the city's 
 industrial life. 
 
 The Rockville Worsted Company produces high grade worsted 
 goods for men's wear. 
 
 BELDING BROS. & CO. 
 
 The parent mill of Belding Bros. & Co., which is located in 
 this city, was started in 1866, and it has been enlarged and im- 
 proved from time to time, until today, it bears little likeness to 
 its former self. 
 
 On March 30, 1909, Belding Bros. & Co., purchased of the 
 James J. Regan Manufacturing Company the Stone mill, for- 
 merly known as the White Mill, and Mill No. 4, formerly known 
 as the Fitch Mill. The latter was sold to Edmond Corcoran of 
 Philadelphia and has been converted into a modern worsted mill. 
 The former mill has been thoroughly overhauled and has been 
 added to the extensive plant of Belding Bros. & Co., in this city. 
 New floors have been put in throughout. All the water has been 
 put onto one water wheel, two new 250-horse power boilers have 
 been installed and a new 350-horse power engine to be used in 
 the event of trouble with the water, or if the water should be low. 
 The entire plant is to be driven by electric power, about 30 
 individual motors being used. About 10,000 spindles are in 
 operation in the local plant of Belding Bros. & Co. and employ- 
 ment is given to 400 hands. 
 
 In addition to its mill in this city, Belding Bros. & Co. have 
 four other mills in Belding, Mich., one in Petaluna, 
 Cal., one in Northampton and one in Montreal. A large addi- 
 tion is being built to the Northampton mill at the present time. 
 The plant is the leading one in size in the silk manufacturing 
 world, but it is not excelled by any other plant in quality of 
 goods turned out. About $8,000,000 business is done annually 
 by the combined mills of this concern. 
 
 The officers of the concern are: President, M. M. Belding, jr.: 
 treasurer, M. M. Belding; secretary, A. N. Belding; assistant 
 treasurer, E. C. Young, Chicago; assistant secretary, E. F. 
 Crooks, Northampton. Mass. Halsey L. Allen is superintendent 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 35 
 
 of the local mill, having filled the position for thirty-eight 
 years. 
 
 WHITE, CORBIX & CO. 
 
 White, Corbin & Co., now one of the divisions of the United 
 States Envelope Company, was established by the late Cyrus 
 White and the late Lewis A. Corbin, pioneer envelope makers of 
 the country. They commenced in 1855 in a small way, manufac- 
 turing envelopes in a frame building 83x39 feet, which they 
 erected. The Puffer machine, capable of turning out 10,000 
 envelopes a day, which was considered a wonderful output, was 
 used. The business in those days amounted to about $8,000 per 
 annum. Today a business of $600,000 yearly is done and the 
 machines produce 2,000,000 envelopes per day. 
 
 The late William H. Prescott, whose services as bookkeeper 
 and accountant had made him indispensable to the firm, was 
 admitted to partnership in 1866, the firm's name becoming 
 White, Corbin & Co. Under the skillful guidance of Mr. Pres- 
 cott, following the retirement of Mr. White in 1870, the business 
 enjoyed a period of wonderful expansion, until in 1881 it had 
 assumed such proportions that it was imperative that the com- 
 pany should have more room. The Florence Mill, at that time 
 one of the largest and finest plants in Eockville, was purchased, 
 and later enlarged by additions to accommodate the increasing 
 business. 
 
 In 1900 White, Corbin £ Co. became one of the divisions 
 of the United States Envelope Company, the late W. H. Prescott, 
 who had been actively identified with the local company and who 
 had a genius for doing business that made him a recognized 
 leader in the industrial world, became a director in 1898 and at 
 the time of his death in 1908 he was a member of the executive 
 committee of the United States Envelope Company. 
 
 Frank Keeney is the present agent of the White, Corbin & Co. 
 plant and E. H. Woodford is the superintendent. The plant 
 gives employment to 200 operatives. 
 
36 SUMMARY OF YERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERN 
 
 E. J. MARTIN'S SONS. 
 
 This important industry, which makes the famous Kingfisher 
 brand of silk fish-lines, was started by the late Elisha J. Martin 
 in 1882, who first made braided eye-glass cords. He braided 
 some fish-lines for his friends and they gave such satisfaction 
 that he started their manufacture, renting room and power 
 from Belding Bros & Co. The business developed so 
 rapidly that it was necessary to get more room, and in 189G a 
 factory was erected. As the business grew and prospered the 
 plant was enlarged. The factory is 200x30 feet, two stories and 
 a basement, being the most modern and best equipped fish-line 
 factory in this country. Power is furnished from a 100 -horse 
 power steam boiler and a 20-horse power steam engine. Six 
 hundred power operated braiding machines are kept in constant 
 operation. The company has 25 employees. 
 
 The E. J. Martin's Sons' specialties are raw and finished 
 silk lines, variegated waterproof lines, mottled P. & S. lines, oiled 
 silk lines, Potomac bass lines, extra quality trout lines, Italian 
 trout and bass lines, bait casting lines, slickest casting lines, 
 Italian casting lines, extra strength waterproof lines, enameled 
 oil silk fly lines, russet enamel lines, mist color enamel lines, 
 highest quality enamel lines. 
 
 A. L. Martin, son of the founder, has conducted the business 
 since his father's death in 1899, and under his able management 
 it has more than doubled its production, till today it is the leader 
 in silk fish-lines in this country. 
 
 THE ACKEELY MILLS. 
 The Ackerly plant at Vernon, formerly the Ravine and 
 Phoenix Mills, gives employment to about 50 operatives. Since 
 purchasing the plant less than two years ago, Mr. Ackerly has 
 made several improvements. Twine and cheese-cloth are manu- 
 factured. A large and successful business has been built up. 
 
 VERNON WOOLEN COMPANY. 
 The plant of the Vernon Woolen Company was totally de- 
 stroyed by lire on Tuesday morning, October 12, 1909, making 
 serious inroads on the prosperity in the lower part of the town. 
 The site and privilege are for sale, the owners having decided not 
 to rebuild. 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN Si 
 
 THE VERNON CREAMERY COMPANY. 
 
 The Vernon Creamery Company, butter manufacturers, was 
 incorporated in 1888 with a capital of $3,500. Its product is 
 known all over the country, the company having been awarded 
 numerous gold and silver medals, including first premium at the 
 Paris Exposition. The president of the company is Alfred 0. 
 Thrall and the superintendent is Arthur W. Annis. The plant 
 is located at 171 High Street, corner of Vernon Avenue. 
 
 THE GRANITE PAPER MILLS. 
 
 The Granite Paper Mills, located at Talcottville, manufacture 
 binder boards, album boards and leather boards. The mill is a 
 one-machine one, capable of turning out four tons in twenty- 
 four hours. Included in the property are two double tenement 
 houses and one single tenement. E. J). Alvord and J. L. Brown 
 are the owners. 
 
 In addition to the above named industrial enterprises, there 
 are several smaller industrial enterprises in the town, conducted 
 by private individuals, among them being a lace factory on 
 Vernon Avenue, owned and operated by John U. Heller and 
 family. 
 
 ROCKVILLE GAS AND ELECTRIC COMPANY. 
 
 The Rockville Gas and Electric Company had its beginning in 
 1862 as the Rockville Gas Light Company. In 1890, when the 
 electric department was added, the name was changed to The 
 Rockville and Ellington Street Railway Company, and in 1897, 
 by a legislative act the present name was adopted. The late 
 George Maxwell was the founder. Under the present company. 
 the plant has been enlarged and a great many improvements have 
 been made. A. M. Young of New York is president of the 
 company and M. J. Warner of that city secretary and treasurer. 
 AVilliam M. Lewis is the general manager. 
 
 The company has in use 4,?00 incandescent lamps. 80 are 
 lamps and 30 incandescents in street lighting. 
 
38 SUMMARY OF YERNOX's HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 
 
 TEANSPOETATION AND POSTAL FACILITIES. 
 
 The transformation that has taken place in the methods of 
 transportation in the town of Vernon since its incorporation is 
 certainly marvelous. The good old days — the days of the tav- 
 ern and stage coach — have gone, and with them, much of the 
 spirit of neighhorliness and human interest. The fascination 
 that characterized early day traveling has largely disappeared 
 with the advent of steam and electric power. The whirligig of 
 time is moving onward and it will be hardly a greater change for 
 the next generation to travel by aeroplane. 
 
 The late Harvey King, who owned and occupied a portion of 
 what is now the St. Bernard Terrace property, was the pro- 
 prietor of the stage route between Eockville and Vernon Depot, 
 and George Brown, here in our midst today, hale and hearty, a 
 venerable old gentleman, beloved by the entire community, was 
 wont to pull the ribbons over the four large horses that drew 
 the stage. Mr. King kept from twenty to thirty horses for his 
 different stage routes. One of these routes extended from Eock- 
 ville to "Warehouse Point, which Avas the nearest railroad center. 
 The late Thomas Blake, one of Bockville's famous old fire fight- 
 ers, who had the proud distinction of running Hartford's first 
 fire propeller, was driver of this line. Among other stages was 
 one from Eockville to Hartford, also a line from Norwich to 
 Springfield through Eockville and one from Eockville to Tol- 
 land. It took from two and a half to three hours to drive into 
 Hartford. The trip in and out was made in the same day. 
 Usually the stage left about 8 :30 o'clock in the morning and 
 got into Hartford before noon. The start from Hartford on 
 the return trip was made about four o'clock in the afternoon. 
 Practically all the mails were carried by the stage coach. There 
 were two large barns connected with the hotel, where from 
 forty to fifty horses were kept. The stages which were high 
 class affairs, costing a good bit of money, would carry from 
 thirty-five to forty passengers, with baggage. From four to 
 six horses were used and the driver would swing them around 
 in front of the Eockville House with all of the dignity of a 
 
fARBURTON [NN— Built and occu- 
 pied by John Warburton in 1800. 
 This photograph was taken in L867. 
 
 w_ 
 
 
 
 IHf 
 
 1l 
 
 - !■ 
 
 Tk 
 
 OLD TAVERN AT DOBSONVILLE, 
 where "Bije" Evans, one of the town 
 characters in early days, fiddled for 
 "the breakdown." 
 
 'IRST FIRE FIOHTERS IN CONNECTICUT— "Old Fire Kins," with which 
 is related most of the narratives of heroism in Vernon and Rockville. 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 39 
 
 railroad president, while the horn which be carried would an- 
 nounce his arrival. It was nothing short of criminal for the 
 mails to be late, and it was therefore up to the stage coach driver 
 to see that there were no delays. The daily paper, along with 
 the letters, came by stage route, and as far back as the early 
 thirties the Hartford Courant, which was an especially good 
 paper for those times, was a welcome visitor and one of the 
 daily pleasures was waiting for the stage coach to arrive with 
 the mail. News did not travel as fast in the early days as it 
 does now, and there was an eagerness and expectancy to get a 
 newspaper to see what was going on in the world. From 1849, 
 when the Hartford, Providence and Fishkill Eailroad was opened, 
 the stages ran from Eockville to Vernon instead of from Rock- 
 ville to Hartford, and in 1863, when the Eockville Eailroad was 
 built the stage coach was no more. Its days of usefulness were 
 about over and it became an affectionate reminder of an age 
 that had its compensations as well as its drawbacks. 
 
 Among some of the famous taverns of the early days around 
 which are associated many facts of great historic interest, may be 
 mentioned King's Stage House, now the town almshouse, "Waffle 
 Tavern, which for many years was owned and occupied by 
 Lorenzo E. Sparrow on South Street and the Sullivan house at 
 Dobsonville. The old hotel, the first public house in Eockville, 
 built in 1843 by William T. Cogswell on the site of the present 
 Eockville House, was a lively place during the stage coach days. 
 It was headquarters for many of the stages. The first landlord 
 was Asaph McKinney, who kept it for three and one-half years, 
 when he was succeeded by Francis Keeney, father of Mrs. W. H. 
 Prescott. Both landlords were popular with the public during 
 the later period of the stage coach days. Among the old stage 
 coach drivers may be mentioned the following: "Joe v Phelps, 
 father of Lester D. Phelps, Dwight Cabot. Frank Johnson, Lin- 
 coln Childs, John Talcott, and Harvey Perrin. Among the stage 
 drivers of a later generation were Harvey King, Thomas Bl°ke 
 and George M. Brown, the only one of the stage coach drivers 
 living today. 
 
40 SUMMARY OF VERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERN 
 
 Eockville was without a railroad of any kind until in the 
 sixties. The four and one-half mile coach and teaming space to 
 Vernon Depot began to seem long, and so enterprising citizens 
 decided to get a move on, to use the vulgar parlance of the pres- 
 ent day, and preparations were commenced to find a way "out of. 
 the woods." To William B, Orcutt, the people of Vernon are 
 indebted for bringing civilization a little nearer to Eockville and 
 Eockville a little nearer to civilization. He was the energetic 
 promoter of the road, which became known as the Eockville 
 Railroad, and did more than any other one man to get it started. 
 It was built by a chartered company and the stock was all own- 
 ed in Eockville. While the charter for the road was procured 
 from the legislature in 1857, it was some five years later when 
 the company was organized, with the following directors : Phineas 
 Talcott, Allen Hammond, George Kellogg, E. B. Preston, and 
 William E. Orcutt. Phineas Talcott was president and E. P>. 
 Preston, clerk and treasurer. The late William E. Orcutt <vas 
 the road's first superintendent. The road was opened for travel 
 August 11, 1863, right in the midst of the Civil War. The first 
 conductor was Amos H. Putnam and a Mr. Golden was the first 
 engineer. George M. Brown was the first baggagem aster. For 
 seventeen years he was in the employ of the Adams 
 Express Company, carrying the mail to and from 
 the post office until the New York and New England 
 Eailroad Company took the road over. John Shanley 
 was the first brakeman and "Sam" Eaton the first fire- 
 man. In these days the little ticket office was about two thirds 
 its present size. It was used as a freight office, and in April, 
 1864, Edward E. Pillsbury entered the freight office and -at- 
 tended to the books, selling tickets part of the time. He served 
 the company with marked fidelity for a period of seventeen 
 years. Betiring from the railroad company, he took up the 
 transformation of that part of the city known as Pillsbury Hill. 
 
 On the first Monday in October, 1869, while the town o h ' 
 Vernon was voting money out of the town treasury for town 
 expenses a big washout occurred doing hundreds of thousands 
 of dollars worth of damage to property belonging to the town 
 and individuals and ruining the Eockville Eailroad. As the 
 
SUMMARY OF YERNOXS HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN" 41 
 
 company had no money and as the Hartford, Providence and 
 Fishkill Eoad made a very tempting proposition, it was thought 
 best to accept it and the Eockville Railroad was leased to the 
 above company and run by them for about fifteen years. After- 
 ward it was leased by the New York and New England Company, 
 which paid a rental of about $4,500. For several years it was 
 operated by the "Consolidated," the company simply paying a 
 nominal rent for it. In 1875 the Connecticut Central Road was 
 built from East Hartford to Springfield, and there was a branch 
 from Eockville to Melrose, known as the Melrose Branch, which 
 made connections with the Connecticut Central. Eventually all 
 these roads passed into the hands of the Xew York, Xew Haven 
 and Hartford Railroad Company. 
 
 People living here today can recall the little "Betsy" and 
 "Schenipsit" locomotives, nicknamed teakettles, so small, (hat it 
 has been said that if they jumped the track, the passengers would 
 gel out and assist in putting them back on again. 
 
 A whole chapter could easily be devoted to the various men 
 in the employ of the Eockville Railroad Company nearly fifty 
 years ago, but limited space forbids but a passing reference to a 
 few. Amos H. Putnam succeeded W. R. Orcutt as superintendent 
 of the road. Henry Vanness must not be forgotten. He is a real 
 old-timer, whose railroad career dates back into the teaming 
 time, when the late "Father" Corey ran a teaming line into 
 Hartford. Mr. Yanness commenced work for the railroad com- 
 pany September 1, 1864, in the freight department. He served 
 in this department about three years and was then given the po- 
 sition of baggage master and brakeman. At that time the 
 company sent a combination car through to Hartford to save 
 the transfer of passengers and baggage at Yernon. He was in 
 charge of this car for about nine years. He also acted as brake- 
 man and switchman in the yard at Eockville. A. H. Putnam, 
 who was superintendent of the branch, also conducted the trains. 
 Owing to poor health Mr. Putnam did not feel able to protect 
 the last runs so he permitted Mr. Yanness to do it for him. The 
 last run in at that time was about eleven o'clock at 
 night. In August, 1879, Mr. Yanness commenced 
 
42 SUMMARY OF VERNON^S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN" 
 
 running the train regularly, making about twenty-eight 
 years he served as conductor. On January 1, 1880 
 he received from his Eockville friends and others along 
 the line between Eockville and Hartford, a solid gold badge, 
 representing a lantern and containing a single diamond to repre- 
 sent the light. It bore the complimentary inscription "Semper 
 Paratus." The late "Father" Corey did teaming for the mills 
 in the early days of the town, Henry was in his employ. He 
 was the only driver he had that he didn't worry about when 
 he didn't get back on time. He knew Henry was doing his best 
 at all times. In his long acquaintance with him he said often 
 to friends that he never knew Henry to swear, tell a lie, drink 
 or forget an errand. When the road was leased to the New 
 England it was necessary for Henry Vanness to get a certificate 
 of character, so to speak, and the best recommendation his towns- 
 men could give him was the one given by "Father" Corey, his 
 former employer, and it was accordingly embodied in a letter 
 sent in by one of the officials of the Eockville Eailroad. 
 
 On May 24, 1907 the railroad company retired Mr. Vanness 
 on a liberal life pension in recognition of his faithful and effi- 
 cient service, he having been connected with the company in 
 various capacities for a period of nearly forty-three years. So 
 far as known, he was the only colored railroad conductor in the 
 country. Mr. Vanness is living in our midst enjoying the respect 
 and esteem of all. 
 
 Although there was a branch railroad from Eockville to Ver- 
 non, connecting with trains going west to Hartford and points 
 beyond, and going east to Willimantic and points beyond, the 
 facilities for getting in and out of Eockville were very meager 
 until within the past decade. The town of Vernon and city of 
 Eockville had no trolley until 1898. On Saturday, January 8, of 
 that year Eockville became connected with the outside world by 
 trolley. On that day the first car was run by the Hartford, 
 Manchester and Eockville Tramway Company. It was a memor- 
 able and never to be forgotten day in the town's history, and 
 marked a new epoch in transportation. Owing to many obstacles 
 that had to be overcome the trolley was a long time coming, and 
 
BUILT IN 1S09 — Homestead of Ozias Grant (.11 the site of original lot; 
 cabin built by Samuel Grant, which was the first house in Rockville. 
 
 UILT PRIOR TO REVOLUTION— 
 First hotel in Vernon, called 
 "Waffle" Tavern because of famous 
 waffles that were cooked there. 
 
 OLD KING STAGE HOUSE where 
 Marquis Lafayette stopped on his 
 visit to the United States . 
 
 HENRY VANNESS, 
 In the Railroad Service for Nearly Forty-three Years. Retired May 24, 
 1907, on Liberal Life Pension. (Courtesy of Rockville Journal), 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 43 
 
 when it actually arrived there was genuine rejoicing and the 
 patronage from the outset was large. In January, 1906 the New 
 York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad Company assumed 
 control, having purchased the road from the Shaw Syndicate. 
 The road today is operated under the name of the Connecticut 
 Company. 
 
 The opening of the trolley road from Warehouse Point to 
 Eockville forms an interesting chapter in the transportation his- 
 tory of the town of Vernon and was an event of much importance 
 to Ellington people, whose transportation facilities for reaching 
 Eockville up to this time were very meager. The first car over 
 the road reached Eockville about one o'clock in the 
 afternoon on May 18, 1906. The road was opened 
 to regular traffic on Sunday, May 20. The week 
 beginning May 21 marked a notable celebration in which 
 Eockville business men rejoiced. During the day the city was 
 gaily decorated and at night the illuminations were brilliant, all 
 in honor of the opening of the road. There were free band 
 concerts and free vaudeville day and evening for an entire week, 
 with big crowds of people on the streets. The week ended with 
 a firemen's parade and muster. 
 
 Wednesday, December 4, 1907 the first interurban car arrived 
 in Eockville. It reached the city at 3 :42 o'clock, coming from 
 East Hartford. The trip out was uneventful. It was not until 
 Sunday, January 13, 1908 that the interurban service was for- 
 mally opened to the public. The first interurban car to leave 
 the Eockville depot, over the electrified steam tracks, was No. 
 3339, which pulled out at seven o'clock in the 
 morning in charge of Conductor P. T. Beaucar 
 and Motorman Edward M. Thrall. Conductor Whetstone 
 of the Highland Division acted as pilot. George Cleve- 
 land, of Dobsonville, who boarded the car at Eockville, had the 
 honor of being the first passenger. He rode as far as Vernon. 
 Miss Imogene Corbin, now Mrs. John P. Cameron, was the first 
 woman passenger. To many of the older residents, who had been 
 in the habit of hearing the locomotive whistle for nearly half 
 a century, the doing away of the steam trains, so far as Eockville 
 is concerned, was, indeed, a novelty. 
 
44 SUMMARY OF VERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 
 
 The new trolley line between Eockville and Stafford Springs 
 was officially inspected by the railroad commissioners of the 
 state on Friday, April 17, 1908. Four days previous to this, a 
 car containing trolley officials went over the road. It was in 
 charge of Conductor S. J. Connors and Motorman "Dick" 
 Thrall. People decorated their houses all along the route, and 
 there was general rejoicing. Through the courtesy of Manager 
 W. P. Bristol, of the Hartford Division of the Connecticut Com- 
 pany, a party of Eockville business men and newspaper represen- 
 tatives went over the road on Saturday afternoon, April 18, fol- 
 lowing a tour of inspection of the line within the city limits on 
 the preceding day, by Alderman David Horgan, chairman of the 
 Public Works Committee, and City Engineer John T. McKnight. 
 On Monday, April 20, the road was formally opened to regular 
 traffic, and Stafford Springs recognized the event, which meant 
 much to them, bringing them into closer touch with Rockville 
 and the outside world, by a notable celebration, in which Rockville 
 shared with Stafford in the rejoicing and merrymaking. 
 
 The first post office in Rockville was started during the ad- 
 ministration of President -John Tyler. Previous to that time the 
 community had no name. It was made up by counting the mills 
 and houses belonging to each corporation. There were several 
 small localities known by different names, to wit : Rock, New 
 England and Stone Mills, Paper Mill, Leeds Mill. Grist Mill. 
 Frank Factory, Springville, Hockanum and Saxony Mills. 
 People coming into the city from the outside would say, "I am 
 going to the Rock." To this day that name is used by many 
 of the earlier settlers and older inhabitants. Naturally there 
 was some strife before a name was selected. Each of the cluster- 
 ing villages around the several mills desired to have its own name 
 adopted. There was a strong desire on the part of many influ- 
 ential people to have the place named Frankfort, in honor of 
 Colonel Francis McLean. It was nip and tuck between the 
 Rock and Frank villages, but the question was put to a vote and 
 "nip" won out and the place was named Rockville, after the Rock 
 Factory, the pioneer factory of the place. Samuel P. Rose, who 
 was the first postmaster, received his appointment May 5, 1842. 
 
SUMMARY OF VERXOX'.S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 45 
 
 Previous to this, for a year or two at least, the mail had been 
 brought from Vernon and distributed by him. The first post 
 office was located in a store, which stood nearly opposite the 
 Johnson Building on what is now ( 'entral Park. George Talcott, 
 now president of the First National Bank, was clerk for awhile. 
 In 1844 the Moore Building was erected, which stood next to 
 the present Methodist Church on the Memorial Site, and for 
 sometime previous to its being pulled down was occupied by 
 Carroll and McDonnell. This building was occupied by Samuel 
 P. Rose and Edwin McLean, and it is presumed that the office 
 was kept here for a brief period, 
 
 Mr. Rose's appointment did not expire until June 4, 1845. 
 The old building vacated by Mr. Rose was in 1845 fitted up for 
 tenements and moved to the site of the present high school, being 
 the old corner building, which was pulled down. The second 
 post office was opened in the house owned and occupied now by 
 Miss Minerva Stewart on East Main Street. Her father, who 
 was a Democrat, a rarity in those days, was the second post- 
 master. During the incumbency of Postmaster Stewart there 
 were only about half a dozen stores in the village. There was 
 no railroad. Goods were brought from Hartford, the nearest 
 station, by teams. The population of the village was less than 
 1,500. It had a hotel, but no saloon, steam cars were not within 
 hearing distance. 
 
 The Rockville post office became a presidential one on March 
 11, 1865. 
 
 The postmasters of Rockville with the location of the post 
 offices, from the time the office was first established up to the 
 present time, follow: — 
 
 Samuel P. Rose, 1842-'45, Johnson Building, Central Park 
 and Moore Building on present Memorial Building Site : James- 
 Stewart, 1845-'49, in ell of house at 147 West Main Street, still 
 standing; Edward McLean. 1849-'53, Moore Building, next to 
 present Methodist Church; Edward P. Allen, 1853-'57, in small 
 building on what is now the site of the James J. Regan Manu- 
 facturing Company and also in basement of Rockville Hotel for 
 a short time; William 11. Cogswell 185T-'61. in drug store of old 
 
46 SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 
 
 Cogswell Building, the site of which is next north of Preston's 
 furniture store; A. W. Tracy, 1861-^65, in what is now Eockville 
 Hotel barn, which stood on site of present People's Savings Bank 
 on Park Street. For sixteen years the post office was located in 
 this building, being moved to the Citizens' Block in 1879. Since 
 1903 it has been located in the Prescott Block. There is a resolu- 
 tion now before congress calling for an appropriation of $75,000 
 for a new Federal building for Eockville. Favorable action is ex- 
 pected and it's a question of only a short time when Eockville 
 will have its post office in a new building owned by the govern- 
 ment. 
 
 George N. Brigham was postmaster from 1866 to 1886, having 
 served longer than any postmaster in the history of the office. 
 When he retired he was given a testimonial by the citizens of 
 the city. He was succeeded by Wilbur B. Foster, who served 
 from 1886 until 1890, when George W. Eandall was appointed, 
 holding the office from 1890 until 1894, when Mr. Foster again 
 took hold, owing to a political change in the administration. 
 Postmaster Eandall has beeen in charge from 1899 to the pres- 
 ent time. E. L. McChristie is the present assistant postmaster. 
 
 The business done at the post office today amounts to about 
 $17,000 per annum. There are three clerks and five carriers, 
 and four rural free delivery routes. 
 
 FINANCIAL LIFE AND INSTITUTIONS. 
 
 The financial history of the town of Vernon properly begins 
 with the year 1855. No pressing or urgent need of financial in- 
 stitutions was felt previous to that time. Money was about as 
 scarce a commodity as there was in the community. It didn't 
 begin to change hands as often as it does today. Generally 
 speaking, people carried what money they had in their pockets 
 or in improvised banks. Safe deposit vaults for valuable papers 
 and documents were a luxury. The woolen mills comprised the 
 principal business of Vernon and yearly settlements were the 
 rule with them. Goods, oftener than money, represented the 
 basis of settlement for services rendered, and as nearly all the 
 owners of the woolen mills were interested in the few stores 
 there were in the community, Vernon was what might be called 
 
SUMMARY OF VERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERN 47 
 
 a close corporation in its early days. Her captains of industry 
 were also her financiers. Of course if the mill employees wanted 
 money instead of its equivalent before the year was up, they 
 went to the mill office after it, and they seldom came away 
 disappointed. The absence of a system of regular payments did 
 not put the town to any great inconvenience, nor was the 
 paucity, or entire lack of local financial institutions, any serious 
 drawback. What little banking business the town of Vernon did 
 in the early days was done with the Tolland County Bank, 
 which was a substantial and influential financial institution, 
 with an extensive business and clients in all parts of 
 the county. 
 
 The above-described conditions in the town of Vernon con- 
 tinued in existence until about 1848-49, when new and larger 
 mills were built, at which time the monthly payment system 
 was adopted, continuing in operation until 1887, when a week- 
 ly payment law enacted by the state, went into effect. The 
 Bock Mill took the initiative in establishing monthly payments 
 and all the other mills followed suit. 
 
 Frenzied finance has always been tabooed in Rockville. Rock- 
 ville's financial institutions, from the time of their establishment 
 up to the present moment, have been as strong and as sound 
 as the hills upon which the city is built. Conservatism has 
 characterized the management of the local banks. Starting in a 
 small way, the four banks, two savings banks and two national 
 banks, which Rockville boasts of at the present time, have kept 
 pace with the city's development and progress. No effort has 
 been made to push them. Their growth has been entirely natural. 
 For a place its size, Vernon occupies an enviable position in 
 the financial world. The men connected with the management 
 of her financial institutions have reason to be proud of the 
 present financial status of these institutions. They have done 
 their share to make them what they are today. 
 
 THE SAVINGS BANK OF ROCKVILLE. 
 The Savings Bank of Rockville was incorporated in the year 
 1S58, a charter having been obtained at the May session of the 
 
48 SUMMARY OF VERNON S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 
 
 legislature. The bank opened its doors for business on the first 
 day of September in the year in which it was incorporated. Its 
 first banking house was in the frame building on West Main 
 Street, known formerly as King's store, now owned by 'the James 
 J. Regan Manufacturing Company. In December, 1872, it was 
 moved to its present quarters on Main Street beneath the large 
 Methodist Church and facing Central Park. George Kellogg 
 was the bank's first president and Lebbeus Bissell, father of Ar- 
 thur T. Bissell, the first secretary and treasurer. He served 
 forty-five consecutive years — a record unequaled — death ending 
 his official career with the bank in October, 1903, at the ripe old 
 age of ninety-three years. 
 
 During the first year of the bank's business the deposits 
 amounted to $65,384, and there were 528 depositors. At the 
 present time the bank's assets are $3,080,681 and the depositors 
 number 5,734 with total deposits of $2,812,716.38. From the time 
 it started to do business fifty-two years ago, up to the present 
 time, the bank has issued 28,884 pass books. 
 
 The present officers of the bank are: President, William 
 Maxwell ; vice-president, George Talcott ; secretary and treasurer, 
 Arthur T. Bissell; assistant treasurer, Edwin G. Butler. 
 
 PEOPLE'S SAVINGS BANK. 
 
 The People's Savings Bank was started in the year 1870. It 
 opened its doors for business in July of that year. It was located 
 in what is now Preston's furniture store which at that time 
 stood on Park Place, where the store of the E. J. Silcox Company 
 is now located. In 1880, soon after the completion of the pres- 
 ent modern block, known as the Henry Building, it was moved 
 to its present location. John W. Thayer, who became prominent 
 in the business and political life of Vernon, was the bank's first 
 president and E. S. Henry was the bank's first treasurer. He 
 has served the bank in this capacity for a period of forty con- 
 secutive years.. 
 
 Another unique distinction has come to the bank. It has a 
 woman secretary and director, Miss Susie Harrington, who has 
 filled the position in a most efficient manner for twenty years. 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON 's HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 49 
 
 During the first year of the bank's existence the deposits 
 amounted to $100,000, and there were about 300 depositors. At 
 the present time the bank's assets are $902,916.65, and there are 
 2,353 depositors. From the organization of the bank down to 
 the present time, over 7,000 pass books have been issued. 
 
 The present officers of the bank are : President, Edward H. 
 Preston; vice-president, John E. Fisk : treasurer, E. Stevens 
 Henry; secretary. Miss Susie Harrington. 
 
 THE EOCKYILLE NATIONAL BANK. 
 
 The Eockville National Bank is over half a century old. having 
 been organized as a state bank in 1855. Its first officers were: 
 President, Allen Hammond; secretary, John X. Stickney; 
 treasurer, Elliott B. Preston. Its capital at the start of busi- 
 ness was $300,000. In 1864 it was organized as a national bank. 
 The capital at the present time is $200,000 and the average 
 deposits are $325,000. Previous to 1890 the bank occupied a 
 small one-story brick building, which stood on the same site as 
 its present building. During the fire of April 3, 1888, which 
 destroyed the Second Church, the south side of this building was 
 badly damaged and it was torn down to make room for the pres- 
 ent modern banking house. 
 
 The officers of the Eockville National Bank at the present 
 time are: President, A. Park Hammond: vice-president, Frank 
 Grant; cashier, Clayton E. Harwood, who has been with the bank 
 in this capacity for twenty years; assistant cashier, Fred H. 
 Holt. 
 
 THE FIEST NATIONAL BANK. 
 
 The First National Bank of Eockville was chartered February 
 24, 1863, with J. J. Eobinson as president. He served but a 
 few months, being succeeded by Clark Holt. Jotham Goodnow. 
 who afterwards became president of the Aetna Fire Insurance 
 company of Hartford, was the bank's first cashier. Its first 
 banking house was located in the brick building still stand- 
 ing and now used for office purposes by the James J. Regan 
 Manufacturing Company. "When the bank first started its capital 
 was $100,000, surplus $1,000 and deposits $52,000. Today its 
 
50 summary of vernon's history early and modern 
 
 capital is $200,000, surplus and unsecured profits $64,500, de- 
 posits $161,000. This is a low mark for deposits, the average 
 being considerably higher. Since 1868 the bank has occupied 
 its present quarters under the Methodist Church on Park Place. 
 On January 23, 1868, George Talcott was elected president of 
 the bank, and he has held this position continuously since, being 
 re-elected each year. He has served the bank as its chief 
 executive officer for a period of forty-three years. This is a record 
 undoubtedly without a parallel in the financial history of the 
 state of Connecticut. Mr. Talcott is eighty-four years 
 old and enjoys the very best of health, being keen 
 mentally and strong and robust physically, more active 
 today than many men twenty-five years Ms junior. 
 He has spent all but eight years of his life in Vernon. His career 
 in the financial life of the town has been characterized by 
 faithfulness and fidelity. 
 
 The present officers of the bank are: President, George Tal- 
 cott; vice-president, H. L. James; cashier, H. H. Larkum. 
 
 BUILDING AND LOAN. 
 
 The Rockville Building and Loan Association was organized 
 November 20, 1889 and incorporated June 30, 1903. Its capital 
 stock is $1,000,000 and it has 5,000 shares at a par value of $200 
 a share. Its first officers following its incorporation were : Presi- 
 dent, A. Park Hammond; vice-president, C. E. Harris; secretary 
 and treasurer, J. P. Cameron; treasurer, C. E. Harwood. Its 
 present officers are: President, A. Park Hammond; vice-presi- 
 dent, Frank Grant; secretary, Charles N. Fitch; treasurer, C. E. 
 Harwood. Its assets amounted to $112,445.96 on January 1 ? 
 1911. 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 51 
 
 THE PRESS AND EDUCATION. 
 
 Newspaper publishing in Eockville properly begins with the 
 year 1854, and Curtis B. Wells, deceased, was the pioneer news- 
 paper publisher of the city. He started a paper known as the 
 Tolland County Gazette. Following the Gazette came the Tol- 
 land County Republican. Both were short lived. United States 
 Treasurer James Gilfillan was interested in newspaper publish- 
 ing in Eockville in the early days. From the old Simpson 
 Block, A. B. Warner established the News, which he sold out 
 to the late J. A. Spaulding, who changed its name to the 
 Tolland County Journal, its first issue appearing February 7, 
 1867. Mr. Spaulding continued his ownership of the Journal 
 until January 27, 1872, when he sold out to J. N. Stickney & 
 Son. From 1880 until 1881, it was conducted by French 
 Brothers of North Brookfield. Mass., who purchased it of J. N. 
 Stickney & Co. Thomas S. Pratt became proprietor about the 
 middle of May in 1881, publishing the same in connection with 
 a job printing plant until March, 1905, when he sold out. 
 The plant is now owned by a stock company. The present 
 editor of the Journal is Charles S. Greer. The plant 
 is located in the Eockville Opera House Block, and the paper is 
 an eight-page one, six columns to the page. It is issued 
 weekly, making its appearance on Thursday. 
 
 On Tuesday, January 28, Thomas S. Pratt, for twenty-four 
 years publisher and proprietor of the Eockville Journal, died 
 and on April 29, 1908, B. L. Burr, founder of the Leader and 
 associated with it as owner and editor for twenty-six years, died. 
 
 The Eockville Leader, Tolland County's only semi-weekly 
 newspaper, is the outgrowth of the Tolland County Gleaner, 
 which was bought out by B. L. Burr, who had successfully 
 conducted a Eockville department in the Stafford Press. It 
 made its first appearance on May 9, 1875. It was a small 
 four-page paper, five columns to the page and was printed at 
 the White, Corbin & Co., Envelope Works, only one page being 
 printed at once. A. W. Phillips succeeded Mr. Burr as owner 
 and he was succeeded by L. J. Washburn of New York. 
 
 In February, 1879, Mr. Burr bought the material (not the 
 paper) and started the Tolland County Leader. Associated 
 
52 SUMMARY OF YERXONS HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 
 
 with him in the business was J. A. Byron. This partnership 
 continued until August, 1888, when it was dissolved; Mr. Burr 
 continuing the publication until October, 1897, when he disposed 
 of the business to Rady and Brown. On February 24, 1898, the 
 name of the paper was changed to the Rockville Leader. T. 
 F. Rady bought Mr. Brown out in July, 1904 and the publishers 
 of the paper since then have been T. F. Rady & Co. For several 
 } r ears the plant was located on Brooklyn Street. On March 20, 
 1908, Mr. Rady purchased the Butler property on East Main 
 Street, making many changes and improvements in the newspa- 
 per department and in the job printing plant, introducing the 
 latest modern machinery, including a linotype machine. The 
 second floor of the present Leader Building was rented by J. A. 
 Spaulding, where the Rockville Journal was first issued. 
 
 The Rockville Leader is a four-page, seven-column paper. Its 
 present editor is Harry C. Smith. Its publication days are 
 Tuesdays and Fridays. 
 
 The school system in the town of Aernon is in a condition of 
 advanced development and has a large and suitable equipment. 
 From earliest times citizens of the town of all classes have taken 
 keen interest in educational affairs. As a matter of fact, the 
 people have begrudged money spent for educational purposes, 
 less than that spent for any other purpose. For a small manu- 
 facturing town, Vernon has a high reputation and stands at 
 the very forefront as an educational center. The town has 
 every reason to be proud of the teaching corps of its schools. 
 The high average scholarship is conclusive proof that it is of 
 the best. 
 
 Modern education in Vernon advanced in 1870 by the erection 
 of a second regular school building on the inauguration of a 
 High School course. It was under district management unti T 
 June 20, 1893, when the first town High School committee was 
 appointed, consisting of Dr. A. R. Goodrich, Wilbur B. Foster, 
 A. M. Gibson, James Dingwell, and William V. McNerney 
 
 After the completion of the new building in 1870 the second 
 
SUMMARY OF YERXON's HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN* 53 
 
 floor of the old building was refurnished with new single desks 
 and the number occupying this floor considerably reduced. 
 
 Randall Spaulding was the first principal following the es- 
 tablishment of a first High School course, and the first class 
 graduated in 1873, which consisted of Thomas Goodell and his 
 brother Edwin B. Goodell. These brothers graduated from Yale 
 in the class of 1877, the former being a member of the faculty at 
 the present time of Yale University and a distinguished Greek 
 scholar. He wrote the commemorative poem for the centennial 
 celebration of the town of Vernon, June 28 to July 4, inclusive. 
 
 The present High School Building, which cost about $40,000, 
 was dedicated September 5, 1893 and was used immediately as 
 the Public High School of the town of Vernon. The present 
 High School Committee consists of William Maxwell, chairman; 
 George P. Wendheiser, secretary and treasurer; Lyman T. 
 Tingier, Eoraee (i. Talcotl and Dr. F. W. Walsh. Harry 
 Brooks Marsh, M. A., is the principal of the High School and 
 Philip M. Howe. ftl. A., assistant principal. Ten teachers com- 
 pose the faculty. There are three courses. The enrollment at 
 the opening of the fall term in September, 1910, was one 
 hundred and seventy-nine, one hundred from Yernon and 
 seventy-nine from other towns. The cost of running for the 
 year begun in September. 1910, is estimated at $9,750. 
 
 There are thirty-four graded public scbools in the town, with 
 free text books, teaching music, besides the regular course. 
 Manual training and sewing are taught in all the schools within 
 the city limits. The districts are: Past. West. Northeast, South- 
 fast. South, Talcottville Southwest, Yernon Center and North- 
 west. Schools are maintained in all these districts, with the 
 exception of the Southeast, where the pupils are conveyed to 
 Rockville, attending the East District. A school is also main- 
 tained at the Tolland County Temporary Home for Children at 
 Yernon Center. The enumeration of children October 1, 1910, 
 follows : 
 
 East District 796 
 
 '\Yest District 636 
 
 Northeast 126 
 
54 SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 
 
 South 56 
 
 Center 77 
 
 Talcottville 38 
 
 Southwest 41 
 
 Northwest 20 
 
 Southeast 20 
 
 County Home 36 
 
 1846 
 There are thirty-seven teachers employed, including the teachers 
 of music, drawing and writing, in the district schools of the 
 town. 
 
 The board of education of the town of Vernon at the present 
 time consists of M. H. Talcott, president; S. T. Noble, secre- 
 tary and acting school visitor; Dr. T. F. O'Loughlin, acting 
 school visitor; E. G. Butler, Dr. J. E. Hassett and Fred Wood- 
 hall. Dr. A. E. Goodrich, who died December 20, 1908 was 
 a member of the school board for twenty-five years, twenty-three 
 years president of the board. S. T. Noble has been a member of 
 the board for nearly twenty years. 
 
 There are two parochial schools in the town of Vernon, St. 
 Bernard's, and the school connected with Trinity Ger- 
 man Church. They are both doing excellent work and are a 
 credit to those who have their management and direction in 
 charge. 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 00 
 
 EELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS AND FRATERNAL 
 SOCIETIES. 
 
 The truth and hope of the gospel has been the dominating and 
 all absorbing force in the growth of mankind in all of the higher 
 qualities. Religious life may vary in different communities, but 
 religious institutions are essential to the best progress and true 
 growth of all communities. Religion, like everything else, ex- 
 pands. The difference betweeen early and modern conditions in 
 the religious life of Vernon is no less marked than it is in 
 other Connecticut towns. In the mighty forward sweep of civili- 
 zation and onward march of progress the religious customs and 
 characteristics of the people undergo many and wonderful 
 changes. No more contrasting picture can be presented than the 
 religious life and institutions of Vernon, when the town was 
 incorporated in 1808, over a century ago, and the religious life 
 and institutions of today, as Vernon enters upon her second 
 century as a political factor in the commonwealth of Connecti- 
 cut. 
 
 The age of Puritanism has gone never to return, but the 
 Puritan character will live as long as time shall last. "We may 
 lay aside the creeds, the forms of worship, the social customs 
 of these good people, of strong faith and stronger courage, but 
 we can never lay aside the two fundamental life-principles, faith 
 in God and faith in man. The fatherhood of God and the 
 brotherhood of man have always been, and ever will be, the great 
 keystones in the arch of every perfect and enduring religious 
 structure. Religious restraint and intolerance have given way 
 to liberty and charitableness, but we should exercise every care 
 and not abuse the power which comes with the larger liberty of 
 these modern days, striving at all times and in all places to obey 
 the laws of God and man, and as spiritual heirs of the Puritans 
 building up a theocracy that will endure throughout the ages. 
 While the unit of life during all ages and in all towns has been 
 the home, the blessed trinity which has held men and women to 
 that which is highest and best, has been the home, church, and 
 school. Vernon is blessed with churches that are progressive, 
 standing everywhere and at all times for the moral and spiritual 
 
56 SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 
 
 welfare of the people, and her religious life has contributed to 
 the beauty and nobility of the community. So much has been 
 accomplished by religion and the church that it would require 
 more than a single chapter to do full justice. A history of each 
 denomination during the modern period of the town's life will 
 give a better insight into the conditions in the religious field, 
 than a general treatment of the subject of religion and religious 
 institutions. 
 
 Vernon has today twelve churches, nine Protestant aud three 
 Catholic, divided by denominations as follows : Three Congre- 
 gational, two Methodists, one Baptist, one Episcopal, and two 
 German Lutheran. The Christian Scientists have an organi- 
 zation but no organized church. There is also a Swiss church 
 just over the city line in Ellington, which is attended by several 
 Piockville people of that nationality. 
 
 VERNON CENTER CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. 
 
 The parish was formed by name of North Bolton in 1760. 
 The church was organized as the Second Church of Christ in 
 Bolton in 1762. When the town was incorporated in 1808, the 
 church and society took the name of the town. 
 
 The first house of worship, one-half mile east of the present 
 building, was erected in 1762, present building erected in 1826, 
 thoroughly remodeled in 1851, when the portico and spire were 
 added. The spire was taken clown in 1896. 
 
 The church has had a great many pastors. The records of the 
 church are rich in honored names, which there is not space to 
 mention here. The fate of so many of the hill town churches, 
 from causes that are inevitable, has fallen upon the Old Mother 
 church, that of a contracted parish, greatly lessened constitu- 
 ency and meager material resources. For a number of the years 
 the pulpit has been supplied by theological students. Albert A. 
 Marquardt, a student at the Hartford Theological Seminary, is 
 acting as pastor of the church at the present time. 
 
ROCKVILLE A QUARTER CENTURY 
 AGO — Looking West from Market 
 Street. (Courtesy Hockville Leader. I 
 
 VRRXOX CENTER CONGREGATION- 
 AL CHURCH, erected in 1826, re- 
 modeled in 1851, when portico and 
 spire were added. Spire taken down 
 1896. (Courtesy Hockville Leader.) 
 
 Park Place and Park Street in 1870. Site of present modern Henry Build- 
 ing, showing First Congregational Church of Rockville. 
 
 (Courtesy of Rockville Journal.) 
 
SUMMARY OF VERXON's HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 57 
 
 CONGREGATIONAL CHUECHES IN ROCKVILLE. 
 
 For fifteen years the original settlers of Rockville went to the 
 old church at Vernon. The men usually walked, while the 
 team of the Rock Company carried the women and girls. Weekly 
 prayer meetings were held during this time in the Rock boarding 
 house. The first service on a Sunday was held in the Rock 
 "Lecture Room"' on December 2, 1836, conducted by Rev. 
 Diodate Brockway, of Ellington. The First Church of Rock- 
 ville was organized October 26, 1837, with forty members, thirty- 
 five of them from the old church in Vernon. There was con- 
 nected with it a Sunday School of one hundred members, and 
 the growth of the church, as of the village was rapid. The house 
 of worship Mas twice enlarged, and still there was need of more 
 room. 
 
 The Second Church was accordingly organized February 22, 
 1849, with forty-eight members, twenty-nine from the First 
 Church and nineteen from elsewhere. Its house of worship, a 
 New England meeting house of the noblest style, with Ionic 
 portico and a lofty spire that was much admired for its graceful 
 proportions, was built in 1848-9. 
 
 These two churches worked side by side for a generation while 
 the village grew to be a city. The years 1850, 1852, 1854, 
 1858, 1864, 1866-7, 1874, not to mention later dates, are spoken 
 of as times of especial religious interest, when large numbers 
 weer added to the church membership. 
 
 The pastors of the First Church were : Rev. Ansel Nash, 1839- 
 1841; Rev. Augustus Pomeroy, 1841-1845; Rev. Horace Wins- 
 low, 1845-1852: Rev. John W. Ray, 1853-1855; Rev. Smith B. 
 Goodenow, 1859-1860; Rev. Avery S. Walker, 1861-1864; Rev. 
 Henry S. Kelsey, 1866-1868; Rev. E. B. Bingham, 1871-1878; 
 Rev. J. W. Backus, 1879-1883: Rev. Charles H. Ricketts, 1884- 
 1888. 
 
 The pastors of the Second Church were : Rev. Andrew W. 
 Sharpe, 1849-1851; Rev. Charles H. Bullard, 1853-1857; Rev. 
 Charles W. Clapp. 1857-1864; Rev. Asa S. Fiske, 1865-1871; 
 Rev. Henry F. Hyde. 1872-1880; Rev. Samuel B. Forbes, 1881- 
 1888. 
 
58 SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 
 
 Of these men the most influential were undoubtedly Revs. 
 Horace Winslow and Edward B. Bingham, of the First Church, 
 and Eevs. Henry F. Hyde and Samuel B. Forbes, of the Second ; 
 and it is a curious co-incidence that the term of service of each 
 of these men was about seven years. Mr. Hyde died in office, 
 and was sincerely mourned by the entire community. 
 
 April 3, 1888, the building of the Second Church was de- 
 stroyed by fire. About the same time the town of Vernon wished 
 to acquire the site of the First Church Building for a Memorial 
 Town Hall. As there were eight churches in the place, the way 
 seemed to be providentially opened for the union of the Congre- 
 gationalists into one body, and after mature consideration and a 
 thorough canvass, union was decided on. 
 
 The Union Ecclesiastical Society was formed on June 15, 1888, 
 and into its hands the property of the societies connected with 
 the First and Second Churches was duly conveyed. The Union 
 Church was organized by one hundred and eighty-nine members 
 of the First and two hundred and twenty-two of the Second 
 Church, in August, 1888. 
 
 Services were held in the building of the First Church, which, 
 after the sale of the lot on which it stood, was moved to the south 
 side of Main Street across the Rock Canal. Rev. Charles H. 
 Ricketts, the last pastor of the First Church, acted as pastor of 
 the united body until May, 1889. On December 12 of that year, 
 Rev. James Dingwell was installed by council as first pastor of 
 the Union Congregational Church. 
 
 After considering other locations, the Ecclesiastical Society 
 voted on July 24, 1888, to build a new church building on the 
 site of the former Second Church. Plans submitted by 
 Warren H. Hayes of Minneapolis were accepted, and on the 
 anniversary of the burning of the Second Church the contract 
 for the erection of the present beautiful edifice was signed. 
 September 5, 1890, the building committee, consisting of J. G. 
 Bailey, George Sykes, Crosley Fitton, George M. Paulk and Dr. 
 E. K. Leonard, presented the finished building to the society. 
 The church was first opened to the public for an organ recital 
 by Prof. W. C. Hammond on the evening of September IT. The 
 

 
 mat <~-fjmf 
 
 W 5 * ■ 
 
 
 -A 
 
 *=• j*""^CL\ 
 
 Hr^ ' " *^m 
 
 NATHANIEL OLMSTED KELLOCC ALLYN KELLOGG. 
 
 Grandsons of Reverend Ebenezer Kellogg, 8rs< Pastor of Vernon. Promin- 
 ent in the early days of the first century of Rockville. 
 
 EPEXEZER KELLOGG. 
 Grandson of first pastor. 
 
 GEORGE KELLOGG. 
 One of the earliest residents of Ver- 
 non. 
 
SUMMAET OF VERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERN 59 
 
 services of dedication were held the next day. The sermon was 
 by Bev. E. A. Reed, D. D., of Holyoke, Mass. 
 
 Wise, earnest, devoted laymen have been the strength of the 
 Congregational churches of Rockville from the first. The names 
 of Hammond, Kellogg, Maxwell, Loomis. Thompson, Prescott, 
 Sykes, Grant, Harwood, and many more, appear again and again 
 in the records. Deacon George Maxwell at his death, April 2, 
 
 1891, had been a deacon of the Second and Union Churches for 
 thirty-five years, and Deacon John 1ST. Stickney, served the First 
 and Union Churches in the same office forty-four years. 
 
 Work among young people has always been a strong feature. 
 One hundred were gathered into the Sunday School when the 
 First Church was formed in 1837. Since then the schools have 
 been fortunate in their officers and teachers. E. B. Preston 
 is especially remembered as a superintendent who knew every 
 child in a large school by name. The Young People's Society of 
 Christian Endeavor, formed September 1, 1888, was for many 
 years one of the most nourishing in the state. Other organiza- 
 tions, not only of young people, but of men and women, have been 
 efficient tools in the church work. 
 
 An event of great importance was the reception in February, 
 
 1892, of the legacy of $5,000 left by Mr. Maxwell to found a free 
 reading room in connection with the church. Trustees were ap- 
 pointed to have charge of the fund, to which another $5,000 was 
 added in 1898 by the heirs of Mr. Maxwell, and yet another 
 $5,000 in 1901 by the will of George Sykes. The rooms 
 were furnished and opened to the public in the spring of 1892. 
 The daily attendance has averaged about seventy year after 
 year, proving the great usefulness of this institution. 
 
 Since 1897 the church has given the community a chance to 
 hear sacred music of the highest order in a series of special ser- 
 vices of song on Sunday evenings. Large portions of Handel's 
 '"Messiah" have been given at the Christmas season for years. 
 Haydn's ''Creation'' was given twice in connection with the cen- 
 tennial celebration in 1908. 
 
 AVhen the General Conference of Congregational Churches of 
 
60 SUMMARY OF YERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERX 
 
 Connecticut was formed, Rockville was one of the first places to 
 entertain the annual meeting, and has now entertained the state 
 body four times, in 1869, 1880, 1893, and 1908. 
 
 Mr. Dingwell closed his pastorate in 1895, and the present pas- 
 tor, Rev. Charles E. McKinley, was installed September 16, 
 1896. 
 
 Under the pastorate of Rev. C. E. McKinley, which has 
 extended over a period of fourteen years, the present Union 
 Church has attained a remarkable growth, and today its member- 
 ship is 550. It has one of the largest Sunday Schools of any Con- 
 gregational church in the state. Mr. McKinley is an excellent 
 preacher and a faithful and devoted pastor, who does not neglect 
 a single interest of his parish. 
 
 TALCOTTVILLE CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH 
 
 The Talcottville Congregational Church was organized March 
 13, 1861. with a membership of seventy-four. (By 
 letter sixty-four, by confession ten.) The church 
 building was erected by H. W. and C. D. Talcott; 
 at a cost of $31,000, and presented by them to the Congrega 
 tional Church, in Talcottville, "so long as said church shall sus- 
 tain the preaching of the gospel and other connected means of 
 grace according to the Faith and Order of the Fathers." There 
 have been eight pastors, Rev. George A. Oviatt (1866-1875), Rev. 
 Joseph P. Hawley (1875-1878), Rev. Theodore L. Day (1879- 
 1883), Rev. George H. Pratt (1883-1888), Rev. Jonathan Wad- 
 hams (1888-1890), Rev. Foster R. Waite (1890-1903), Rev. 
 David L. Yale (1901-1908), Rev. Francis P. Bacheler (1908). 
 The first deacons were John Winchester ( 1867-1874), Horace AY. 
 Talcott, (1867-1871). 
 
 The Sunday School was organized December 2, 1866, with 
 H. W. Talcott as superintendent. The Ladies' Missionary 
 Society was organized September 19, 1866, with Mrs. Daniel 
 Kellogg as president. The Ladies' Mission Band was organ- 
 ized October, 1882. with Miss Alice Dexter as president. The 
 Y. P. S. C. E. was organized September, 1886 with Rev. 
 George H. Pratt as president. 
 
 The present officers of the church are: Deacons. Horace (I. 
 
SUMMARY OF VEIiXOX's HISTORY EARLY AND MODELS' 61 
 
 Talcott (1882 ), Morris H. Talcott (1889 ). clerk. 
 
 J. G. Talcott; treasurer, M. H. Talcott: superintendent Sunday 
 School, H. G. Talcott : choirister, G. W. Smith; president Ladies' 
 Missionary Society and Mission Band, Mrs. C. D. Talcott: 
 Daughters of the Covenant, Miss Florence Moore: president 
 Y. P. S. C. E., Rev. F. P. Bachelor. Present church member- 
 ship, one hundred and ninety-six. 
 
 Since the burning of the church edifice on October 31, 1908, 
 Talcott Brothers have kindly donated the use of the hall in the 
 upper part of the store building for church purposes. 
 
 THE METHODIST CHURCH. 
 
 The first steps looking toward a new church home were taken 
 on February 26, 1866. At this meeting it was voted to build a 
 church and a subscription paper was put in circulation by a com- 
 mittee, consisting of R. S. Lewis, C. White, L. A. Corbin and 
 H. C. Parker. The first service in the vestry of the new church 
 was held on June 16, 1867. It was a love feast. The bell was 
 raised to its place in the tower June 28, 1867. The vestry was 
 inadecpiate to accommodate the congregations and the audience 
 room of the church was dedicated on Tuesday, November 26, 
 1867, Bishop Simpson preaching the sermon. Finished and fur- 
 nished, the church cost $56,000. A little more than a year after 
 dedication, including the debt secured by mortgage, it was found 
 that there were claims against the church, including interest, of 
 about $38,000. At this point Messrs White and Corbin came to 
 the rescue agreeing to assume all but $10,000 of the debt, if 
 the church would deed hack to them the banks and the property 
 in the rear of the church, and make over to them some uncol- 
 lected subscriptions. The deed was given, the property costing 
 them nearer $25,000 than $10,000. Pastor after pastor made an 
 effort to liquidate the debt, but without success. Rev. J. H. 
 dames, who assumed the pastorate of the church in 1885, freed 
 the church of a heavy debt, a notable accomplishment.. The 
 mortgage was burned at a union meeting of the people, in which 
 different ministers participated, on the third Sunday in October. 
 1887. The occasion marked a jubilee celebration long to be re- 
 membered in the annals of local Methodism. 
 
62 SUMMARY OF YERNONS HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 
 
 From the time that Messrs. White and Corbin took the front 
 basement rooms of the church, long used as banks, it was the 
 intention of those gentlemen that this property should revert to 
 the trustees of the church. When Cyrus "White died this had 
 not been attended to and Lewis A. Corbin bought the banks. 
 
 The subject was frequently mentioned by pastors and others, 
 but it was not until the pastorate of Rev. W. J. Yates that it 
 was definitely arranged. Then Mr. Corbin executed deeds which 
 are duly recorded, conveying the banks to the trustees. He 
 reserved the income during his life. Then a portion was reserved 
 for a fund for contingencies, but at last all the income goes to 
 the trustees. Certain annual contributions to benevolent inter- 
 ests are provided for and the balance may be used for the cur- 
 rent expenses of the church. 
 
 Meanwhile Mr. Corbin had purchased the lecture room of the 
 First Church and removed it to his own lot, back of the 
 church. This is the room, which, by the courtesy of the Congre- 
 gational Church, was used as a place of worship by the Metho- 
 dists when the old West Street Church burned. Now 
 George W. Doane joined with Mr. Corbin and these two gentle- 
 men at their own expense fitted up the commodious "Wesleyan 
 Hall," "Ladies' parlor" and church kitchen and placed them on 
 the lot on which stands at the service of the people of the church, 
 a noble act, worthy to be remembered to their honor. 
 
 When Eev. W. S. Maclntire came to be the pastor of the 
 church the frescoing on ceiling and wall was badly defaced and 
 the church greatly needed repairs. He soon set about this work 
 and on "Old People's Daj^," October, 1906, the church was re- 
 opened in its present attractive condition. 
 
 Under the energetic pastorate of Eev. E. S. Moore, who is now 
 on his second year, the spiritual wants of the people are in good 
 hands and material blessings have come to the church in the 
 way of additional improvements. 
 
 The church records show the following as to the pastors : 
 
 183L S. dishing. E. Whitney, L. Pierce: 1835, no record; 
 1836, H. Torbush, E. A. Standish, E. Chapin: 1837, no record; 
 1838, E. Chapin. (A "local preacher" of East Hartford) ; 1839, 
 
SUMMARY OF VERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERN 63 
 
 no record; 1840, "Vernon Circuit," B. M. Walker, C. D. Rogers; 
 1841, L. Leffingwell, L. W. Blood, E. A. Standish; 1842, Lanson 
 B. Clark, W. Emerson ; 1842, Xo record, R. W. Allen presiding 
 «lder; 1844-1845, A. F. Park, "local preacher." A lawyer of Nor- 
 wich; 1840, H. Torbush, J. B. Gould. First Church built, West 
 street; 1847, W. Hurd. Church dedicated May; 1848-1849, 
 Anthony Palmer; 1850, L. W. Blood; 1851-1852, W. S. Sim- 
 mons; 1853-1854, G. W. Brewster; 1855-1856, W. 0. Cady; 
 1857-1858, G. W. Wooding; 1859, Charles Morse; 1860, C. S. 
 Sanford; 1861-1862, R. Parsons; 1863-1864, John Lovejoy; 
 1865-1866, Erastus Benton; 1867-1868-'69, J. W. Willett; 18T0- 
 1871, E. H. Hatfield; 1872, Shadrach Leader; 1873-'74-'7o, 
 Henry H. Martin; 1876-1877, G. W. Miller; 1878-1879, N. G. 
 Axtell; 1880-'Sl-'82, Richard Povey; 1883, 0. H. Fernald ; 1884, 
 G. W. Brewster; 1885-'86-*87, J. H. James; 1888-'90, Orange 
 W. Scott; 1891-"94, G. H. Bates; 1895-"!i9. W. J. Yates; 1900- 
 '01, W. A. Luce; 1902-'05. W. P. Buck; 1906-'08, W. S. Mac- 
 Intire; 1909, R. S. Moore. 
 
 VERNON METHODIST CHURCH. 
 
 The Vernon Methodist Episcopal Church started from small 
 beginnings, as most of the Methodist churches do, from class 
 meetings. This was in the early sixties. The meetings were 
 held mostly in the Dobsonville schoolhouse and the increasing 
 numbers demanded preachers and the society was supplied by 
 students from Wesleyan University at Middletown. One of the 
 men was Rev. W. W. Bowdish, who at present is district super- 
 intendent in the New York Evangelist conference. About 1865 
 the congregation had increased to such numbers that a house 
 of worship became imperative and the church at Bolton was 
 purchased and moved to Vernon, cut in two and lengthened and 
 is the building now used for worship. Somewhat later the 
 building was improved and a belfry added with a fine bell in- 
 stalled, mainly by the generosity of S. S. Talcott, a prosperous 
 manufacturer, who for many years was the motive power 
 of the society. 
 
64 SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 
 
 In 1872 a resident pastor became a necessity and Rev. S. 0. 
 Benton was sent to the field. In the meantime, S. S. Talcott 
 and George Miner bought a lot near the church and a par- 
 sonage was built. The congregation numbered forty or more and 
 steadily increased under the labors of Rev. Briton and his suc- 
 cessor, Rev. D. A. Jordan. Both of these men have risen to 
 distinction in the Methodist Episcopal Church. The church 
 was served by other ministers later, viz., Ellis, Bentlev, Page, 
 C. S. Davis and others. A cabinet organ costing $300, the 
 gift of S. S. Talcott, was placed in the church and the pews 
 upholstered and other improvements made. 
 
 In 1886 at the close of Rev. W. A. Taylor's pastorate, the 
 Vernon Church was united with the Wapping charge, which ar- 
 rangement lasted a year or little more. From tins time on 
 until 1892, the church had a temporary supply and then an 
 interval of three years with no pastor and a closed church. Rev. 
 B. C. Phelps gave his services for one year to keep the church 
 open and a Mr. Hilton from Hartford conducted services for a 
 year and some others, whose names do not appear, for brief 
 intervals. The Crusaders succeeded in awakening an interest 
 which resulted in the appointment of Rev. D. W. Adams in 1895 
 to the charge. Under his aggressive administration an Epworth 
 League was formed with Mrs. Robert Walker as president. A 
 Sunday School was previously organized by G. N. Phelps, who 
 has remained as its superintendent until the present. During 
 Rev. D. W. Adams' pastorate some changes were made in the 
 interior of the church, giving a commodious vestry. A Ladies* 
 Aid Society was organized at this time with Mrs. S. S. Talcott as 
 president, which became of great assistance in the church work. 
 
 Rev. D. W. Adams was followed by Rev. F. J. Follansbee 
 during whose term, a lot adjoining the church was purchased and 
 a new parsonage erected, the former one having been sold some 
 years previously. The society thus incurred a debt which 
 at the time was heavy but which the Ladies' Aid Society 
 under the able leadership of Mrs. G. X. Phelps, its president, 
 Avas Largely instrumental in lifting, and on March 31, 1905, amid 
 much rejoicing, the mortgage note was consigned to the flames, 
 
SUMMARY OF VERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERX 65 
 
 and the society was free from debt. Following Rev. F. J. 
 Follansbee came Revs. James Tregaskis, S. F. Maine, J. F. Rob- 
 ertson and lastly Rev. S. M. Beale, whose wise, ardent and 
 progressive labors guarantee the future prosperity of the Ver- 
 non Methodist Episcopal Church. 
 
 THE BAPTIST CHURCH. 
 
 The history of the Baptist denomination in the vicinity of 
 Yernon begins as far back as 1842, when at the request of several 
 brethren a meeting was held on April 8 at the home of Thomas 
 King in Ellington "to consult upon the propriety of constituting 
 a Baptist church in said town." In the afternoon of that day 
 the church was organized, but this organization disbanded in 
 1845, but before doing so the membership had grown to thirty- 
 two members. Rev. George Mixter was the first pastor. The service 
 of organization was held in the lower room of the Congregational 
 Church in Ellington. This building was later removed to Roek- 
 ville and re-erected as the Rockville Opera House. Before dis- 
 banding, the church built a small building in Ellington, which 
 is still standing. 
 
 In 1849 twenty-eight members of various Baptist churches of 
 Rockville issued a call, looking to the formation of a Baptist 
 Church. The signers of the call were all Rockville residents. On 
 July 17, 1849, fourteen persons met at the home of E. S. 
 Hurlburt and formally organized the Rockville Bap- 
 tist Church. Rev. D. D. Lyon acted as the first 
 pastor. On April 21, 1850, Rev. Henry R. Knapp 
 became pastor of the church. At the close of the pastorate of 
 Rev. H. R. Knapp, May 1, 1852, the church numbered over 
 eighty members. The church remained pastorless after the re- 
 signation of Rev. H. R. Knapp until January, 1854, when a 
 call to the pastorate was extended to Rev. G. W. Gorham, who 
 continued as pastor until about a month and a half before the 
 church disbanded. 
 
 The Sunday services of this church were held during the 
 earlier period in Union Hall in the Sears Building on Market 
 Street in the rear of the Exchange Block. This building has 
 since burned down. 
 
66 SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 
 
 In 1849 it was unanimously voted to contract for building a 
 house of worship. According to the* vote, there was to be a 
 basement under the house of worship and stores for rent. Land 
 for a building was purchased of the Frank Factory near the fac- 
 tory. The response to a subscription paper warranted the pro- 
 ject of building, and work was commenced, and after what was 
 apparently a long and hard struggle, completed. This edifice 
 was that which is now occupied by the German 
 Lutheran Church on West Main Street. It was 
 sold to the Methodist Episcopal Society on Februaiy 
 27, 1855. Regular services were discontinued at this time, but 
 the society continued to hold annual meetings and elect officers 
 year by j^ear until the church began again to hold regular ser- 
 vices in 1882. 
 
 For twenty-seven years the Baptists of Rockville 
 kept up their organization, while not holding services of a dis- 
 tinctively religious nature. This seems a remarkable fact and 
 proves conclusively the persistent character of this people. In 
 1882, Rev. L. S. Brown of Tolland commenced holding services. 
 Sunday afternoons in Rockville Hall, which is now the dining 
 room of the Rockville House. Soon the place of holding ser- 
 vices was changed to what was called "The Mission Room," now 
 the room occupied by the Journal Publishing Company. 
 The Baptist church was revived in June, 1882. It was a small 
 start, there being but six members to begin with, but additions 
 were made from time to time, the church growing steadily and 
 showing signs of prosperity. Rev. L. S. Brown continued to 
 supply the pulpit until November, 1883. The church was without 
 a settled pastor until January, 1884, when Rev. W. C. Walker 
 began to supply, continuing until May, 1885. The pastorate of 
 Rev. A. S. Brown commenced immediately after the close of the 
 pastorate of Rev. W. C. Walker, and continued until April, 1887. 
 The present house of worship, which was dedicated on March 8. 
 1887, was started during his pastorate, the site being purchased 
 from the Rock Manufacturing Company on Union Street, where 
 the church now stands. 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY VXD MODERN" 67 
 
 The pastors of the church following Rev. A. S. Brown were : 
 Rev. E. W. Potter, 1887-1894; Rev. A. P. Wedge, 1895-1900. 
 The present pastor, Rev. George D. Gould, commenced his duties 
 on April 1, 1900. During his nearly eleven years of service, peace 
 and prosperity have attended the church. The church has been 
 refurnished inside and out, until it hardly looks like the same 
 building. During the present pastorate there have been added 
 to the church eighty-three members, fifty-eight of them by 
 baptism, while twenty-five have been lost to the membership by 
 various causes, leaving a net gain to the church of sixty, the 
 present membership being one hundred and sixty-six. The 
 membership has doubled on the average once in eight years since 
 1882. 
 
 THE EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 
 
 The first Episcopal service held in the town of Vernon was 
 the marriage of Dr. Alfred R. Goodrich, who in later years 
 achieved distinction in the professional and political life of the 
 town, and Miss Charlotte Dobson, daughter of Peter Dobson, 
 founder of the first cotton mill in the town and one of the 
 first in America. The ceremony was performed October 28, 
 1847, by Rev. Mr. Clero of Broad Brook. 
 
 In 1850 a funeral service was held by Rev. Mr. Fitch. Regular 
 Episcopal services were begun by Rev. Enoch H. Huntington 
 in 1855. He was the rector of Grace Episcopal Church in Broad 
 Brook. The initial service of the denomination in Rockville was 
 held in the Rockville House on May 7. It is said that over three 
 hundred attended. Rector Huntington ventured to express the 
 hope that a chapel might be built here to accommodate the 
 Episcopalians. To this end he continued to lead the congrega- 
 tion from Broad Brook and subsequently from Manchester. He 
 was assisted and succeeded in the work by his son, Rev. John 
 T. Huntington, at the present time the beloved pastor of St. 
 James' Episcopal Church, Hartford, who gave himself, his time 
 and means to the work, in the winter coming out from Hart- 
 ford in the cold and snow. Eventually becoming discouraged, 
 Mr. Huntington gave it up as the biggest mistake of his life. 
 
68 SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERX 
 
 The parish was served by lay readers, young men from Trinity 
 College, Hartford, who afterwards became prominent clergymen 
 in the church, Messrs Buckingham, Alfred Harding, J. H. Free- 
 land, F. D. Buckley and others. 
 
 The parish was organized by the convention in June, 1872. 
 Services were held in 1871 and 1872 in the German Lutheran 
 Church on West Main Street, but the time had arrived when they 
 must have a building of their own. Considerable difficulty was 
 encountered in finding a location. Eventually the present site 
 was obtained, then occupied by an unsightly barn. And here 
 the church building stood. 
 
 Heavily mortgaged, the parish handicapped with debt, the 
 whole thing gave evidence of a conspicuous failure. But upon 
 the earnest appeal and subscription of Bishop Williams, church- 
 men came forward and with the assistance of the Missionary 
 Society of the Diocese bought the property and placed the parish 
 upon a working basis. The parish was paid out of debt entirely 
 and the present church edifice was consecrated as that of St. 
 John's on May 30, 1905, Memorial Day, and thereupon 
 entered upon a new and vigorous career. 
 
 Rev. Harlow R. Whitlock was the first rector of St. John's 
 Church. The discouragements of the work were so great that Mr. 
 Whitlock resigned, practically abandoning the ministry, from 
 which at his own request he was deposed. Other rectors of the 
 church with their term of service follow: William F. Bielby, 
 1884-1888; Elijah Roke, 1888-1889; Clarence E. Baal, 1889- 
 1892; Bev. Samuel W. Derby, 1892,1895; Rev. Robert C. Ton- 
 gue, 1896-1899. 
 
 Rev. J. Francis George, the present pastor, succeeded Rev. 
 Robert C. Tongue, commencing his pastorate on October 1, 1899. 
 
 Aside from faithful and generous parishioners, citizens of 
 the community have patronized the church, of whom are the 
 names of Judge Dwight Loomis, A. N. Belding, George Talcott. 
 E. N. Foote, L. E. Thompson, Heber Townsend, Cyrus Winchell. 
 E. S. Henry, W. R. Orcutt, H. L. James, L. Bissell, W. B. 
 Foster and George Sykes. 
 
SUMMARY OF YERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERX 69 
 
 Of the church itself a distinguished citizen has said that "more 
 than anything else it represents the progress of the town.'' 
 Placed at the outside in a most unattractive location, improve- 
 ments have gone on year after year upon the church and its 
 environment, until it finds itself in the midst of the most desir- 
 able residential portion of Eockville. If we are to judge from 
 the past this church is destined to fill a noble position in the 
 city and in the state, the product of a wealthy and intelligent 
 community. 
 
 The number of families connected with St. John's Episcopal 
 Church at the present time is one hundred and seven; baptized 
 persons, three hundred and twenty-seven and communicants, 
 one hundred and fifty-nine. 
 
 Under the present rector, who has labored faithfully and zeal- 
 ously, "progress" appears to be the keynote in the spiritual life 
 of the people and the material life of the parish. The call is 
 "Forward and Upward." 
 
 THE CATHOLIC CHURCH. 
 
 As far as can be ascertained, James McAvenney was the first 
 Catholic to settle in Eockville. He came sixty-seven 
 years ago. In 1848, about fifteen Catholics assembled 
 at the first mass celebrated in Eockville in a 
 house owned by the paper mill company and then 
 occupied by Christopher Carroll and family, was the place 
 where divine services were conducted. Eev. John Brady, of 
 Hartford, was the celebrant of the mass. It may be interest- 
 ing to those of us of another generation nearly three score 
 years and ten later to know who were some of the attendants 
 of the first mass. The records disclose the name of Christopher 
 Carroll, Patrick Quinn, Edward Gorman, Thomas McDonnell, 
 Dennis O'Donnell, James Conner, Philip Kernan, Matthew Fay. 
 Eugene Kernan, Patrick Duffy. Martin Flood, John Moore and 
 Michael Lawlor. 
 
 It was not until the year 1849 that regular visitations were 
 made, and this duty developed on Eev. James Smyth, one of the 
 patriarchs of the diocese. He officiated here at monthly intervals 
 
70 SUMMARY OF VERXOX'S HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERX 
 
 at the house of Albert Lamb, where Patrick Quinn resided. He 
 said mass also in the Dean house on Mountain Street, where 
 Martin Flood resided. 
 
 The "Brick Tavern," famous in the early history of Vernon, 
 when the growth of Catholicism in interest and numbers made 
 larger quarters essential, became a meeting place. Beginning 
 with the year 1851 a large upper room on the west side was used. 
 Mass was said here for two years, when "Skinner" Hall was se- 
 cured in the Sears Building on Market Street over the Eockville 
 meat market, where mass was said by Father Smyth and others 
 until March 15, 1851. Rev. Peter Egan assumed charge as the 
 first resident pastor. Manchester, Stafford Springs, Broad Brook 
 and Mansfield, which were without any Catholic meeting houses, 
 were dependencies. 
 
 Between 1850 and 1860, there was considerable activity in 
 Catholic circles and as the Catholic population was increasing 
 slowly but surely it was felt that a site and building should be 
 secured. Although the financial means of the Catholics were 
 meager and there existed a deep rooted local prejudice against 
 Catholics and Irishmen at this time, once a start had been made 
 for a church home of their own on the part of the Catholics, 
 there was no turning back. Hawley Kellogg, a druggist, who 
 conducted business on what is now known as St. Bernard's Ter- 
 race, who was broad and liberal in his views, offered his entire 
 property to the Catholics on terms satisfactory to them, and 
 they promptly accepted the offer, and after removing the store on 
 the site, work was commenced on the new church. Good progress 
 was made and the church was completed. In the meantime a 
 parsonage was secured, a cemetery, consisting of five acres on the 
 Tolland Eoad, purchased by Father Egan, who was in charge 
 here at the time. Having been instrumental in getting the parish 
 under headway and accomplishing much for the spiritual welfare 
 of the people and the material wants of the parish, Father Egan 
 went to Lee, Mass. on November 12, 1856. 
 
 Rev. Bernard Tully succeeded Father Egan, assuming his 
 duties in December, 1856. Under his administration the church 
 was finished and embelished and dedicated by Bishop McFarland. 
 Father Tully 's pastorate continued until January, 1863. 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 71 
 
 Following Father Tully's pastorate, the pastors of St. Ber- 
 nard's Roman Catholic church were Rev. Hugh O'Reilly, 1863- 
 1868; Rev. Bernard Tully, 1868-1869; Rev. James Quinn, 1869- 
 1872; Rev. Patrick P. Lawlor, 1872-1873; Rev. John J. Fur- 
 long, 1873-1895; Rev. John Cooney, 1895-1900. Rev. Luke 
 Fitzsimons assumed the pastorate on Sunday, September 30, 
 1900, coming from the Immaculate Conception Church in New 
 Hartford. 
 
 During Father Tully's pastorate the sanctuary of the church 
 was enlarged, the church beautifully decorated and the main 
 portion of the rectory built. 
 
 Father Tully's second pastorate was of very brief duration. 
 He suddenly expired in his carriage on July 20, 1869, while 
 on his way to Ellington. The splendid marble monument, 
 which stands over his grave in front of the church, was erected 
 by Rockville and Manchester people, in testimony of their love 
 and esteem for him. 
 
 Rev. John J. Furlong served for a longer period than any 
 pastor in the history of St. Bernard's parish, 1874-1895. Father 
 Furlong's first work was to improve the cemetery. During his 
 pastorate the church was completely renovated, mny notable 
 improvements being made. The renovated church was re- 
 dedicated on January 20, 1878. In February, 1886, the John- 
 son site on Park Street was purchased. The house was con- 
 verted into a convent and a chapel was arranged therein. The 
 Cogswell lot adjacent was soon added to this property. The 
 present lot on which the present handsome school building 
 stands, was secured by Father Furlong. On this lot was the old 
 building which Father Egan had removed to make room for the 
 church. This was remodeled for the "Sisters," who removed there- 
 to from Park Street, May 13, 1895. To Father Furlong belongs 
 the honor of introducing the Sisters of Mercy into Rockville. 
 November 3, 1886 was the date they took up their work here. 
 On May 2, 1887, the basement of the church, which had been 
 fitted up, was opened for school purposes. A new school build- 
 ing, 63x68 feet, commenced by Father Furlong in 1894, was 
 opened September 10, 1895. 
 
72 SUMMARY OF VERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERN 
 
 During the nearly ten years Eev. Luke Fitzsimons was 
 pastor of St. Bernard's Church there was a wonderful 
 growth and expansion. In many respects it was one of the 
 most remarkable decades in the history of the parish. The years 
 have been marked by material prosperity and progress and 
 spiritual uplift. On Tuesday, August 30, 1904, the people of 
 the parish were bereft of a church home, their frame edifice 
 erected in 1855, enlarged in 1863, moved back and added to in 
 1873 and improved by the addition of a new steeple and in 
 various other ways, being re-dedicated in 1878, was totally de- 
 stroyed by fire. The Union Ecclesiastical Society offered its 
 church edifice for a temporary place of worship for the members 
 of St. Bernard's Church and the town authorities put at their 
 disposal the Town Hall, which was accepted. Undaunted and 
 undismayed by the catastrophe that came to the parish, Father 
 Fitzsimons lost no time in getting plans out for a new church 
 home, and in seven months after the fire, work started on the 
 new church. The cornerstone of the new church was laid on 
 Sunday, May 28, 1905. It was a grand and imposing ceremony. 
 Bishop Michael Tierney spread the mortar with a silver trowel, 
 forty priests assisted, all the Catholic societies turned out and 
 many citizens, Catholic and Protestant, graced the occa- 
 sion with their presence. The chapel was dedicated on Sunday, 
 November 26, and this was another memorable occasion in the 
 history of the parish. The greatest epoch in the history of the 
 parish arrived when the church was dedicated on Sunday, 
 September 20, 1908, when the people beholding the new church 
 complete and crowning the ideal site of the old, forgot their grief 
 in joy. Before the vast assemblage the church was dedicated. 
 "While Father Fitzsimons was the moving spirit and genius in 
 building up the new church, the loyalty and devotion of his 
 people and the co-operation and noble response on the part of the 
 non-Catholics of the city, made his task a pleasant one. 
 
 The church is of granite foundation to the main floor and 
 the main body is of brick. It will seat nine hundred. 
 
 When Father Fitzsimons assumed the duties of pastor of St. 
 Bernard's Church, there was a debt of $30,000. The debt has 
 
SUMMARY OF YERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERN' 73 
 
 been removed, a new church, costing $65,000 has been built, the 
 parish owns a large amount of valuable property in the very 
 heart of the city, and there is an indebtedness of but $12,000. 
 When the church first started there were two hundred 
 and forty-seven Irish people in Eockville. Today there 
 are two thousand one hundred souls in St. Bernard's parish 
 and the church has one thousand six hundred communicants. 
 
 Eev. M. H. May of Colchester, Conn., succeeded Rev. Luke 
 Fitzsimons as pastor of St. Bernard's Church. He arrived in 
 Eockville on Wednesday, August 3, 1910. On Sunday, August 
 6, he said two masses at the church and occupied the pulpit at 
 the three masses, where he introduced himself to his parishion- 
 ers. 
 
 Father May has been extremely fortunate in bis assist- 
 ant, Eev. James L. Smith, who came to Eockville in 1904 from 
 the Norwich parish. He co-operates with the "Sisters" in the 
 convent in carrying on the educational work of the boys and 
 girls. 
 
 ST. JOSEPH'S POLISH CHUECH. 
 
 St. Joseph's Catholic Church (Polish) is one of the young- 
 est churches in Eockville, dating back to April 28. 1905. Previous 
 to this time the Polish people worshipped at St. Bernard's 
 Church. The steady increase in the Polish population made it 
 necessary to take steps to erect a suitable church home, ami the 
 present edifice at the corner of Union and West streets was dedi- 
 cated on Sunday, October 29, 1905. The distinguished prelate, 
 Bishop Michael Tierney officiated and the ceremony was an 
 impressive one. A feature of the clay's exercises was a big 
 parade in which out of town Polish societies took part, there 
 being about 1,200 men in line. The edifice was erected under the 
 supervision of Eev. C. J. Wotypka, the first rector, since deceased. 
 Owing to the generosity and devotion of his people and the co- 
 operation of the citizens of the community, excellent progress 
 was made. To help pay for the church, the members of tiie 
 parish set aside two days pay each month for the first six 
 months and then one day's pay each month for a year. 
 
74 SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 
 
 The church building, which is of Gothic style of architecture, 
 of frame construction, 40x83 feet in size, has a seating capacity 
 of about eight hundred. It is of modern construction and the 
 appointments are complete in every respect. The church has 
 over eight hundred communicants. The rectors of the church 
 since its organization have been: Eevs. C. J. Wotypka, Joseph 
 H. Culkowski, M. Soltysek. 
 
 WEST MAIN STEEET GEEMAN LUTHEEAN CHUECH. 
 
 The first divine service was held in 1856. It was served as a 
 mission by different outside pastors until 1864. The congrega- 
 tion was organized by Rev. Otto Hanser of Boston, September 
 23, 1866, with a membership of ninety-seven. The first local 
 pastor was Eev. C. Graeber, who took charge in November, 1866. 
 The present building was bought in 1867, at that time owned by 
 the Methodist Episcopal Church. Eev. C. Graeber resigned in 
 August, 1869, after two and one-half years of work. His suc- 
 cessor was Eev. Simon, who remained about two years. 
 
 Eev. Frey had charge of the work from 1871 to 1875. Eev. N. 
 Soergel came to Eockville early in 1876 and supplied until 1882. 
 He was followed by Eev. C. A. Graepp, who served the congre- 
 gation from August, 1882 until May, 1888. 
 
 In 1884 a lot was purchased on Ward Street and a parsonage 
 erected. 
 
 In July, 1888, Eev. G. F. Hartwig, the present pastor, took 
 charge. During the following years a debt of $3,700 was paid 
 off, a pipe organ purchased and various other improvements 
 made when the church building was purchased, a store which 
 remained until 1891, was conducted in the basement. During 
 this year the basement was remodelled and fitted up for a Sun- 
 day School room, and other improvements made at a cost of 
 $3,400. In 1906 new church pews were installed, a stone wall 
 and iron fence erected and other repairs made on the church 
 property at a cost of $2,600. In 1907 a fine church bell was 
 donated by Mrs. Julia Paulsen. 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 75 
 
 The church building and parsonage are in good condition 
 and free from debt. The present membership of the congrega- 
 tion is four hundred and fifty communicant members, and the 
 Sunday- School has about two hundred scholars; Ladies* Aid 
 Society, seventy-two members and the Luther League, one 
 hundred and two members. 
 
 TRINITY GERMAN LUTHERAN CHURCH. 
 
 The Trinity German Lutheran Church was started in 1866 by 
 Rev. Otto Hanser, sent from Boston. It was refounded May 29, 
 1882. The first service was held on the 18th of June in that 
 year in the hall of the Rockville Hotel. The first church building 
 was erected June 3, 1883. A parsonage was built in 1895. 
 
 The pastors of the church have been : Rev. C. Graeber, 1866- 
 '69 ; W. A. Prey, 1872-'75; P. A. Soergel, 1875-85; Otto Hanser, 
 1886-'01; John Heck, 1901-'05. 
 
 Rev. Walter Von Schenk assumed the pastorate in 1906. 
 
 A parsonage was built in 1895. Among the improvements 
 made were the renovation of the interior of the church, cement 
 sidewalks, organ, organ motor and school hall. 
 
 There is a parochial day school connected with the church, 
 with fifty-two pupils and two teachers. The Sunday School has 
 one hundred and eight pupils and seven teachers. 
 
 The present membership of the church is five hundred and 
 twenty souls and two hundred and fifty communicant, or voting 
 members. 
 
 A Ladies' Aid Society, Young People's Society and choir are 
 connected with the church, which is prosperous in every depart- 
 ment at the present time. 
 
 CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS. 
 While they have not organized a church, several Rockville peo- 
 ple, believing in the Christian Science doctrine, hold meetings 
 every Sunday in Masonic Hall in the Fitch Block. These meet- 
 ings have been held in various halls for the past two years and 
 previous to this, for about seven months the meetings were held 
 at the home of Mrs. Carlos Doane on Village Street. The mem- 
 
76 SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 
 
 bers have banded together and the officers are : President, A. W. 
 Annis; secretary and treasurer, Mrs. Carlos Doane. Miss Ida 
 Martin is the first reader and Mrs. A. W. Annis is the second 
 reader. The attendance each Sunday runs from eighteen to 
 thirty-five. 
 
 There are few, if any towns with a like population that have 
 a greater number of fraternal organizations than the town of 
 Vernon. Indeed, Vernon is especially remarkable for the 
 strength of the fraternal spirit and organizations. It is probable 
 that all the fraternities together include a goodly percentage 
 of the entire population of the town. Many of the societies 
 have handsome rooms, and the influence of this element in our 
 social and charitable life is incomputable. The oldest strictly 
 fraternal organization in the town is Fayette Lodge of Masons, 
 which was organized in October, 1825 in the William Morgan 
 Tavern in Ellington. It will thus be seen that Masonry in the 
 vicinity of Vernon is nearly as old as the town itself. On June 
 1, 1857, Fayette Lodge occupied for the first time its new hall 
 in King's Tavern, now the town almshouse. The Lodge was 
 reorganized in that year and Frank Winthrop Perry was made a 
 Master Mason, the first Master Mason ever made in the town of 
 Vernon. There are six living members of Fayette Lodge, who 
 have been Masons over half a century. They are Edward E. 
 Fitch of Burnside, Frank W. Perry of South Norwalk, Henry 
 W. Coye of Cottage City, Mass., E. Stevens Henry, A Park 
 Hammond and Lucius E. Thompson of this city. E. Stevens 
 Henry has been an officer of the lodge for over fifty years. The 
 lodge had furnished one grand master of the Grand Lodge of 
 Masons of Connecticut, Edward E. Fuller. 
 
 VAKIOUS INSTITUTIONS AND OEGANIZATIONS. 
 
 Vernon, for a town its size, has several institutions, some in 
 the embryo stage, but certain in the not far distant future to 
 take their proper place in' the life of the community and be- 
 
GEORGE MAXWELL, 
 potent factor in the development of 
 Rockville. 
 
 GEORGE SYKES. 
 A captain of industry who worked 
 his own way to the topmost round 
 of the ladder. At his death he left 
 a fund of $100,000 for a Manual 
 Training School. 
 
 JUDGE DWIGHT LOOM IS. 
 
 Christian Statesman — Distinguished 
 
 jurist — Prominent in National Life. 
 
 WILLIAM H. PRESCOTT. 
 Wfco Gave $50,000 for a City Hospital. 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERN 77 
 
 come a potent influence for good, making for the uplifting and 
 betterment of the people. Perhaps the foremost institution in 
 which the town takes greatest pride is the George Maxwell 
 Memorial Library, presented to the city on June 29, 1904, by 
 the Maxwell family, in honor of their father, and as a tribute 
 of affectionate remembrance to him, who had been a stalwart 
 figure in the religious, social and industrial world, one of earth's 
 true benefactors. The library building is a modern one and is 
 finely located on Union Street a few rods west of the Union Con- 
 gregational Church, Central Park and the business center and 
 nearly opposite the magnificent Maxwell homestead. It stands 
 high above the street, occupying land that was formerly two build- 
 ing sites, on one of which was the residence occupied for several 
 years by the deceased. A commanding feature of the structure, 
 which is built of marble, is the magnificent double flight of gran- 
 ite steps and the beautiful terraced grounds. Beautiful in 
 exterior and interior, equipped with all modern conveniences, it 
 is indeed an enduring memorial of one who loved Rockville and 
 all her institutions and who was beloved by all. It is a gift 
 which every part of the community shares. The library contains 
 10,164 carefully selected volumes. The management is vested 
 in the hands of the Rockville Library Association of which 
 Francis T. Maxwell is president; William Maxwell, secretary 
 and J. C. Hammond, Jr., treasure]-. 
 
 The present librarian is Miss Bessie Beckwith, who has several 
 capable and efficient assistants. 
 
 The magnificent generosity of the Sykes family insures a 
 manual training school for Rockville. At the death of George 
 Sykes, which occurred December 21, 1903, Vernon lost a citizen 
 who had been closely identified with her growth for over a third 
 of a century and allied with the city's largest and most success- 
 ful corporations. He left a fund of $100,000 for a manual 
 training school. Mrs. Elsie Sykes Phelps, wife of Hon. Charles 
 Phelps, the president of the Vernon Centennial Committee, pre- 
 sented a desirable site for the building on Park Street, and since 
 the death of Mr. Sykes, his widow has presented the trustees 
 with $50,000, without condition or restrictions, to be added to 
 
78 SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN" 
 
 the building fund. The latest gift received by the trustees, is 
 the sum of $25,000 from Mrs. Charles E. Bond of Hartford, 
 daughter of the late Mr. Sykes. This money is to be used by 
 the trustees as they see fit. 
 
 A city hospital, made possible by the Prescott family, William 
 H. Prescott, one of Eockville's captains of industry, having con- 
 tributed $50,000 before his death, aud the family having con- 
 tributed the site, the Gainer property on Prospect Street, will be 
 a reality at no distant day. 
 
 The Tolland County Agricultural Society was organized 
 August 22, 1853 at the County House in Tolland, by Jonathan 
 Flynt, who was then treasurer of Tolland county. Ephraim 
 H. Hyde was the first president. The fairs were held at Tol- 
 land for a few years and were then transferred to Eockvillle. 
 Mr. Hyde remained at the head of the society for a great many 
 years. When the park in Kockville was purchased, it was decided 
 to name it Hyde Park in his honor, in consideration of his valu- 
 able services. The entire amount of the premiums to begin with 
 did not exceed $350. Today they average from $1,200 to $1,300. 
 In 1898 the Tolland County Agricultural Society became a joint 
 stock corporation and the name was changed to the Rockville 
 Fair Association. The late Walter E. Payne was the first 
 president and E. P. Badmington the first secretary. Andrew 
 Kingsbury is president at the present time and Fred J. Oooley 
 is secretary. The annual fair is now recognized as one of the 
 biggest and best in the state. 
 
 The Tolland County Temporary Home for Children was 
 opened in November, 1883, at Andover, and Mrs. William T. 
 Smith was the first matron. In 1888, the Edwin Bill property 
 at Vernon Center was purchased and the Home was removed 
 there. Early in 1900 a start was made toward a new building, 
 which was dedicated on December 5, of that year. It 
 stands just at one side of the old one, is an imposing structure 
 of Colonial style of architcture and an ornament to the village. 
 Edwin Hick is superintendent, succeeding E. S. Talbot, who 
 served in that capacity for fifteen years. Mrs. Hick acts as 
 matron. 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON V HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 79 
 
 On November 18, 1876 property for a town farm was pur- 
 chased. In the early days of the town this property was a famous 
 tavern, known as King's Tavern. In a room in this tavern 
 Fayette Lodge of Masons had its first meeting place in Yemon. 
 The property has been improved from time to time, and today 
 it is recognized as a model town farm. Nelson Palmer was the 
 first superintendent. Gilbert Ahem is the present superinten- 
 dent. 
 
 No organization is doing a more effective work along patriotic 
 lines than Sabra Trumbull Chapter, D. A. E. Since its organi- 
 zation it has accomplished a world of good, not the least of which 
 was the inauguration in 1908 of the free evening school, now 
 under town support, where the city's foreign born population can 
 learn English and acquire the fundamental principles that are 
 essential to progress in education, which makes for good citizen- 
 ship and a law-abiding community. Other organizations which 
 deserve a passing notice are the Eesearch Club, the Cornelia 
 Circle, the Mothers' Club, the Teachers' Club, the W. C. T. IT., 
 Salvation Army and Sunshine Society. In the business life of 
 the city no organization has exerted a better influence than the 
 Eockville Business Men's Association, which was organized eight 
 years ago with Edward A. Kuhnly, since deceased, as president 
 and Wilbur B. Eorster, also deceased, as secretary. The member- 
 ship at the present time is about one hundred and the president 
 is Harry C. Smith and William A. Howell is the secretary. 
 
 CEMETEEIES. 
 
 The town of Vernon has four modern cemeteries, three public 
 and St. Bernard's Cemetery. There was no movement for the 
 establishment of a cemetery in Eockville until 1817, when the 
 present grounds were purchased of David Hale, consisting then 
 of seven and one-half acres, and costing $398. No considerable 
 improvement in the grounds was made for twenty years. In 
 1867 additional grounds were purchased for cemetery purposes. 
 After this the changes were numerous, and the cemetery at the 
 present time is an attractive one, containing many handsome 
 monuments in marble and granite. 
 
80 SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN" 
 
 The other two comparatively modern cemeteries are Elmwood 
 at Vernon Center, and Mount Hope at Talcottville. 
 
 After Grove Hill Cemetery was laid out, the hearse, a one- 
 horse affair, covered, without glass panels, was kept in a house 
 near the gate and belonged to the town. It was the only one 
 in the town. When Albert Dart was selectman and the Met- 
 calfs built their shop on Market Street, he ordered them to take 
 charge of the hearse and furnish a horse and driver. But the 
 good people of Vernon had not been in the habit of paying for 
 the use of a hearse, and most of them gave up the plan and the 
 Metcalfs sold out their business. As near as can be learned 
 McCollum and James, successors to the Metcalfs, were the first to 
 procure a paid hearse. 
 
 The first monument in Grove Hill Cemetery was erected for 
 Christopher Burdick. 
 
 Of the early cemeteries, the one designated on the town rec- 
 ords as the East Cemetery, is the oldest. It is situated about 
 half a mile east of the spot, where Vernon's first meeting house 
 stood, on the road from Eockville to Bolton. It was laid out 
 a great many years before the first church was built, which was 
 in 1762. Probably the site of the church was selected partly 
 because of its proximity to the cemetery. There are many old 
 gravestones there and several graves without any stones. 
 Tradition says the first body buried there was that of a child, 
 who was killed by a fall from a load of goods near the very 
 spot. The goods were being moved by ox-team from Bolton. 
 The child was buried in the northeast corner of the cemetery. 
 There is no place of burial where, with more peculiar fitness, one 
 may quote the pathetic lines: 
 
 "Each in his narrow cell forever laid, 
 The rude forefathers of the hamlet sleep." 
 
 Once the center of the parish, time has played strange pranks. 
 It is today "far from the madding crowd's ignoble strife," 
 removed from the haunts of men. Few go there, except the 
 curious, and those drawn by a desire to muse and be alone. As 
 we wander through this old graveyard and pause to read the 
 uncouth rhyme, under the rudely carved death's head on the 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON V HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 81 
 
 frail memorial of one of the early pioneers, we are bidden: 
 "Behold and see as you pass by, 
 As you are now so once was I, 
 As I am now so must you be, 
 Prepare for death and follow me." 
 Many of the fathers of the town, who helped make history in 
 the early days, and who have lived Godly and useful lives, are 
 buried in the ancient burying ground, among them being the 
 honored and saintly Ebenezer Kellogg, Vernon's first pastor, 
 who died September 3, 1817. The inscription on his stone reads: 
 "Kev. Ebenezer Kellogg died 
 September 3, 1817 in the 81st year 
 Of his age, and 55th year 
 Of his ministry in this place." 
 "In yonder sacred meeting house he spent his breath, 
 Now silent ; senseless, here he sleeps in death. 
 Those lips again shall wake and then declare, 
 A long amen to truths they published there." 
 Captain Moses Thrall, who was the first to settle on the tract 
 of land in the vicinity of this ancient burying ground in 1703, 
 was one of the pioneers in what is now Vernon Center. He 
 died August 21, 1770, and is buried in Vernon's ancient bury- 
 ing -ground. Daniel Thrall was one of the first sextons of the 
 historic old burying ground. His son, Ira Thrall, succeeded him, 
 and he was in turn succeeded by his son, Alfred 0. Thrall, who 
 is the present sexton. Their combined period of service extends 
 over one hundred years. 
 
 Vernon's other ancient burying ground is designated as the 
 Southwest Cemetery. It is located below Dobsonville. 
 
 St. Bernard's Catholic Cemetery was started about 1855. It 
 has increased in area by the purchase of additional land, and 
 numerous improvements have been made, until today it is a 
 credit to the town and to St. Bernard's parish. 
 
82 SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN" 
 
 EOCKVILLE AS A CITY. 
 
 For nearly fifty years after the incorporation of the town of 
 Vernon, the south part of the town, designated as Vernon, was 
 the "hub." Eockville was hardly a spoke in the wheel. Gradually 
 Eockville became the "hub" and Vernon was hardly a spoke in 
 the wheel. 
 
 As far back as 1861, when A. C. Crosby represented Vernon in 
 the General Assembly, there was talk of a change of govern- 
 ment, many citizens expressing a desire for a new form. A few. 
 were bold enough to think the opportune moment had arrived 
 for the adoption of a borough charter, and Mr. Crosby intro- 
 duced a bill for such a charter. He plainly discerned the hand- 
 writing on the wall and dropped the matter. For twenty years 
 or more Vernon continued to go along under the town system, 
 sentiment finally crystalizing for a change, it being everywhere 
 acknowledged that the town was too big and important for a 
 suit of borough clothes. Those who had given careful thought 
 and attention to the subject were firmly convinced that a suit 
 of city clothes would fit very nicely and be the proper thing, 
 and, accordingly, in November, 1888, an informal meeting was 
 held at the office of Town Clerk Gelon W. West for the purpose 
 of considering the advisability of a city charter. There was a 
 good attendance. Opposition developed, coming principally from 
 the manufacturers, and the first effort ended without any action 
 being taken. 
 
 The sentiment for a city charter among the business men 
 continued to grow, and those who advocated a change felt success 
 was bound to come eventually. At the legislative session of 1889, 
 William B. Sprague of Andover, who was then a member of the 
 senate, introduced a bill, providing for a city charter for Eock- 
 ville. At the hearing, which was slimly attended, E. S. Henry 
 presented the matter before the committee on cities and boroughs. 
 The charter, which was patterned after the Danbury charter, 
 provided that the matter be submitted to the people. The 
 people in the south part of the town justly felt that Eockville 
 was an expensive proposition for them, and Eockville proper felt 
 that the time had arrived for extensive public improvements — 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNOX's HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 83 
 
 improvements it was impossible to get under the old order of 
 things. The need was felt for a paid police force to control the 
 hoodlum element, better lighting facilities and increased fire pro- 
 tection and the establishment of a modern sewer system, also the 
 establishment of building lines. These were some of the many ar- 
 guments that appealed with irresistible force fur a change in the 
 system of government. With the lower part of the town lined 
 up against paying Bockville's bills and Eockville expanding and 
 reaching out for more costly things, it is no wonder the vote for 
 a city charter when submitted to the people was passed. For 
 some time after the charter was adopted there was talk of 
 abandoning it, as the tax rate took a decided upward jump, but it 
 was nothing more than talk. A fact worth noting in connection 
 with the securing of the city charter is that it came at a mini- 
 mum of expense. 
 
 Under the city charter Samuel Fitch became the first mayor, 
 and following him came William V. McNerney and E. S. Henry, 
 all of whom served for two years each. E. L. Heath and William 
 H. Loomis served four years each. George Forster holds the 
 record for length of service, having served three terms of two 
 years each, and he was re-elected in December, 1909, for a fourth 
 term. Since the organization of the city government Eockville 
 has had but six mayors. All of the citizens who have occupied 
 the city's chief executive office are living at the present time with 
 the exception of Messrs. Fitch and Loomis. 
 
 With the acceptance of a city charter Eockville did away with 
 the justice system of trying case, as the new system of govern- 
 ment provided for a city court, giving it much wider jurisdiction 
 than the ordinary police courts, including the town within its 
 jurisdiction. The first judge of the city court was Gelon W. 
 West and the present officials are : Judge, John E. Fisk ; associ- 
 ate judge, John E. Fahey; prosecuting attorney, Thomas F. 
 N"oone; assistant prosecuting attorney, D. J. McCarthy; clerk, 
 Frederick Forster; probation officer, T. F. Garvan. 
 
 The city charter provides for a mayor and a Court of Common 
 Council, consisting of two boards. At the present time there 
 are four wards, each ward having one alderman and two council- 
 
84 summary of vernon's history early and modern 
 
 men. They serve without compensation. The charter originally 
 made no provision for paying the mayor, but an amendment 
 was passed in 1905 allowing the mayor $300 per year. There 
 have been a few other amendments making slight increases in 
 the salaries of the court officials. 
 
 The county court was established in Tolland County in 1786. 
 The first presiding judge was Samuel Gilbert of Hebron. Before 
 1819 the county court consisted of one chief judge and four 
 justices of the quorum. After 1819, it consisted of one chief 
 judge and two associate judges. From 1838 there was but one 
 judge. Sylvester Gilbert was the first state's attorney and 
 Ephraim Grant was the first clerk. On July 1, 1855, the county 
 court was abolished. Sessions of the superior court are now held 
 in Tolland county, where civil and criminal cases are tried, the 
 court meeting for the purpose in September, December, April and 
 June. Numerous short calendar sessions are held during the 
 year. John H. Brockaway was the first state's attorney for Tol- 
 land County appointed by the judges of the superior and supreme 
 courts. Others following him were Dwight Marcy, Benezet H. 
 Bill and Joel H. Beed. 
 
 Charles Phelps is the present state's attorney of the county; 
 Joseph Bishop was the first clerk, and L. T. Tingier is clerk 
 of the court at the present time. 
 
 The story of the old days has no more entertaining anecdotes 
 than those of the first fire fighters. The first fire engine used 
 in Vernon has passed beyond recollection. The second one was 
 Hockanum No. 1, a button engine. This was housed for a time 
 where the present Rock Mill dyehouse stands, at that time owned 
 by the Leeds Mill. There was no organized company and the 
 machine did not receive proper care. The engine had two narrow 
 escapes from destruction by fire, the first coming at the time of 
 the Frank Mill fire September 20, 1851, and the second coming 
 when the Leeds Mill was burned in 1854. It was abandoned in 
 disgust. Following the Leeds Mill fire, there was an insistent 
 demand for better fire protection. The hat was passed around in 
 the various mills, contributions were asked for and about $1,500 
 was raised, two fire companies were organized and a new engine 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 85 
 
 was bought. It was known as the "Fire King." This old hand 
 engine is inseparably associated with the early history of Bock- 
 ville. Not even an entire chapter can give the reader a com- 
 plete idea of the fire fighting days "befo' th' wa'." Older resi- 
 dents now among us recall them. They were days that will live 
 long in memory — different from the fire fighting days of this 
 modern age, and, when contrasted with these days, bringing 
 vividly before us the wonderful changes time has wrought in fire 
 fighting methods. Electric wires were unheard of then. It was 
 lung power and the man who could '"holler" the loudest was the 
 best fellow. This would start the mill bells going and the 
 noise by those combined flesh and brass alarms was something 
 to strike terror to every inhabitant. Did anyone sleep through 
 these noises? Well, hardly; and almost everybody not sick in 
 bed was out to the fire, regardless of wind or weather. There 
 were no prosecutions for "ringing in" false alarms then, for no 
 false alarms were given, taking a strict view of the matter. What 
 matter if a few packing boxes or tar barrels did get ablaze in 
 some mysterious manner? There were no tramps about in 
 those days to lay the cause to. And it was the people who saw 
 these fires and imagined some house on fire who gave the alarm, 
 and with good intentions. Nobody was to blame. Besides, there 
 was no expense when the department was called out only occa- 
 sionally wounded feelings. The remuneration the fire laddies 
 received for yanking the old hand engine over the rough streets 
 and up and down the steep hills was the feeling that they had 
 done their duty. The engine burned no coal and there was no 
 fire police to pay. 
 
 Of the "false alarms" of long ago, it is only necessary to speak 
 of one. It was the king of them all, however. There are some 
 here in our midst today who remember it, and there are some 
 here, too, who dare insinuate that there are those who could tell, 
 by practical experience, the ins and outs of that false alarm. At 
 that time there was no common council to pay a detective for 
 looking up criminals. Indeed, there was no ordinance relative 
 to the matter. A lesson may have been learned from that inci- 
 dent, however, as it may be proper to assume that one or more 
 
86 summary or vernon's history early and modern 
 
 of those '"'alarm ringers" may have seen service in the City 
 Council and in framing the present ordinance. 
 
 It was not long after old "Fire King" had been purchased. 
 The members of the fire department then, were the first men of 
 the village and they were proud of belonging to the department. 
 It numbered on its roster the Hammonds, the Winchells, the 
 Kelloggs, and all the leading citizens of the place. There was 
 great rivalry between the two companies. At that time the 
 Saxony Mill Pond was quite large. One very stormy night, in 
 January, 1858, with the snow piled two feet on a level, the old- 
 fashioned alarm "rung out" on the snowy air. Fire King boys 
 were ever ready for a contest. They ran, tugged, pulled and 
 puffed away for a weary mile — the longest mile they had ever 
 been up against in all their experience, and lo, and behold ! what 
 did they find? A huge pile of tar barrels and 
 boxes were blazing on the further corner of the pond. 
 
 One or two of the recognized leaders in the affairs of the town, 
 who were looked upon as pillars in the community, held high 
 their heads and offered a reward for the detection of the con- 
 spirators, the offenders against the sacredness of Eockville's 
 fire system. A wise-headed man, however, put his hand upon 
 the benevolent champion of law and order and suggested: "I 
 wouldn't do it, Captain, it might possibly hit too near home." 
 
 The incorporators of the Fire King Company, which was or- 
 ganized in 1854 in Butler Hall, the present editorial room of the 
 Leader, were : William E. Orcutt, Edwin P. Allen, A. C. Crosby, 
 Thomas Spence and Wells Symonds. Mr. Orcutt, who was the 
 first foreman of the company, the "firemen's friend," selected and 
 purchased the engine of James Smith of Brooklyn, N. Y. in the 
 spring of 1855. It was at that time considered a marvel of 
 mechanism. The engine was housed in the basement of the B. 
 H. Bill residence, which is now doing duty as a hotel in El- 
 lington under the name of the "Ellington Inn." In this house, 
 which at that time stood on Park Street, the company had two 
 rooms, one fitted up for a parlor. Under the articles of incor- 
 poration the company was allowed to own property to the amount 
 of $2,500 and to have a membership of sixty, and for years 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 87 
 
 the company had its full quota. The engine gave a fine account 
 of itself at the various firemen's musters about the country and 
 a feature of the early days in Yernon were the contests between 
 the Hockanum and Fire King boys. 
 
 Foreman of the Fire King Company following Mr. Orcutt, 
 were A. C. Crosby, N. H. Thompson, E. P. Allen, E. H. Dawson, 
 Charles E. Harris, J. W. Burton, George Millard, John Leach, 
 Nicholas Wendhiser, 0. C. West and James Fitzgerald, who was 
 the last foreman before the reorganization of the company. 
 
 The Hockanum Fire Company was organized in 1855 with 
 Carlos McKinney as first foreman. The other foremen up to 
 the time of its reorganization were Joseph Selden, A. Park 
 Hammond, Joseph Schofield, Carlos Tracy, William C. Avery, 
 P. G. Holt, William H. Jones, John Pitney, John Chapman and 
 Edward Hurlbut. 
 
 The Hockanum Engine Company had a hall, where reunions 
 were held. Joseph Thompson was the first secretary of the 
 company and E. S. Henry the first treasurer. The foreman of 
 hose was S. A. Groves. 
 
 The Hockanum and Fire King engines were all the town had 
 for a period of thirty-five years. In 1889 there was agitation for 
 a better fire department and Crosley Fitton, George Sykes and E. 
 S. Henry were appointed a committee to purchase a steamer. 
 After a lengthy investigation they unanimously agreed upon a 
 rotary pump engine which was put in commission in the fall of 
 1889. Later a second one was purchased. When the old engines 
 went out of commission the Hockanum button engine was sold for 
 junk in exchange for fire supplies. "Fire King" was sold in 1891 
 to the Pawtuxet, E. I., firemen, who have proved themselves 
 worthy successors of the old Fire King Company, making a 
 great record with the machine. 
 
 Previous to the securing of a city charter, the town of Vernon 
 had several incorporated fire districts. The fire chiefs from the 
 earlier days up to the present time include : William E. Orcutt, 
 A. C. Crosby, 1ST. H. Thompson, Albert Dart, C. E. Harris, Lewis 
 Hunt, Joshua Wood, Nicholas Wendhiser, James Breen, Edward 
 Marshman, Gilbert Holt, John Wagner and John W. Hefferon. 
 
88 SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 
 
 The officers of the department are: Charles J. Scholl, chief; 
 E. Serbser, assistant chief; A. T. Dickinson, superintendent of 
 alarms; T. F. O'Loughlin, department physician; 
 
 There are two steamer companies, Fitton Steamer Com- 
 pany No. 2, and Fitch Steamer company, No. 3, a hose com- 
 pany, known as Hockanum Hose company No. 1, and a hook and 
 ladder company, known as Snipsic Hook and Ladder Company. 
 All the companies have their own houses and the paid firemen 
 on the rolls of the various companies, including officers and men, 
 number fifty. 
 
 The police force is one of Eockville's most modern institutions. 
 Indeed, it was one of the strong arguments for the adoption of 
 a city charter. In the early days of the town, there was no police 
 department. Constables, grand jurors and justices of the peace 
 preserved order, issued complaints and tried cases. For many 
 years in the early days of the town, George Talcott and E. S. 
 Henry acted as trial justices, and they did their duty fearlessly 
 and well, according to all accounts. Mr. Henry had an office 
 upstairs in his building and Mr. Talcott had an office fitted up 
 in his house. Prior to that time a trial justice would try a law- 
 breaker or violator in any convenient place the lawyer would 
 assign. Phineas Talcott, father of George Talcott, did most of 
 the trial justice work in the very early days of the town and 
 he attained fame and distinction. 
 
 Not until the city government was instituted was there a "cop" 
 in Eockville to molest or make afraid. Previous to this the po- 
 lice work was done by constables, who, while they wore a badge 
 and had plenty of authority, had no blue uniform with brass 
 buttons. It was under the administration of Mayor Samuel 
 Fitch, now deceased, that regular policemen and supernumer- 
 aries were appointed. The first regulars were William H. Cady, 
 Fred Einsiedel, D. W. Delaney and Jewett Collum. The first 
 supernumeraries were A. E. Barnes, Frederick, Harding, Frank 
 Davis and Fred Bauchman. William H. Cady was the first 
 captain of police, serving from 1890 until June 30, 1907, a 
 period of seventeen years. He dropped dead on that day at 
 12 :20 o'clock as he was crossing Central Park on his way to his 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON'S HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERX 89 
 
 office in the police headquarters in the Memorial Building. 
 Apoplexy was the cause of his death. His career was character- 
 ized by faithfulness and fidelity. 
 
 By virtue of his office, the mayor is chief of police. The rules 
 and regulations of the department are vested in the hands of 
 the police committee of the City Council, appointed by the 
 mayor. 
 
 Eockville's police force at the present time consists of a 
 captain, three regular policemen and five supernumeraries. E. J. 
 Kane, who received bis appointment by Mayor Forster 
 on July 30, 1907, as successor to the late Captain William H. 
 Cady, was appointed a supernumerary by Mayor E. S. Henry 
 in 1894 and promoted to be a regular patrolman on December 1, 
 1900 by the late Mayor William H. Looniis. He was acting 
 captain during the month of July, following the death of 
 Captain Cady. His career as the active head of the police force 
 of the city of Eockville, which was a notably successful one, was 
 ended by death on Friday. July 29, 1910. He died at the Hart- 
 ford Hospital following an operation. The entire city mourned 
 the loss of a faithful officer. His funeral, which was held at St. 
 Bernard's Church on Monday. August 1. was very largely attend- 
 ed, husiness being generally suspended for the occasion, citizens 
 in all the walks of life uniting to pay their respects to his mem- 
 ory. 
 
 On Tuesday, September 20, 1910, Mayor Forster announced 
 the appointment of Leopold Krause as captain to succeed the 
 late Captain E. J. Kane. Captain Krause was made a supernu- 
 merary in 1901 and promoted to be a regular patrolman in 1907. 
 
 The regular policemen at the present time are A. E. Barnes, 
 Joseph Forster, Jr., and S. J. Tobin. Owing to continued ill 
 health. Patrolman Forster has done very little duty, the various 
 supernumeraries taking turns filling his place. 
 
 The present supernumeraries of the police department of the 
 city of Eockville are Alfred Say, John Donovan, Eichard Shea, 
 William Clift and Moritz Kemnitzer. The city is free from vice 
 and there are few disturbances. Few cities in the countrv. with 
 
90 SUMMARY OF VERNON^S HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN" 
 
 the cosmopolitan population Eockville has, are better policed or 
 have less disorder. Conditions are almost ideal and speak vol- 
 umes for the people who comprise the city's population. Eock- 
 ville is a thoroughly law-abiding communit}^. 
 
 Eockville is set, not on a single hill, nor on seven hills, like 
 ancient Eome, but upon a series of hills. Its situation is as pictur- 
 esque as many of the historic Old World villages. Located in the 
 highlands of Tolland County, it overlooks the famous Connecticut 
 Valley and presents a panorama of some of the most charming 
 landscape scenery to be found in New England. From the top 
 of Fox Hill, which is six hundred and ninety-three feet above the 
 sea level, a magnificent view of the city and surrounding country 
 for miles around can be obtained. The upper part of North 
 Park Street also furnishes a delightful prospect. With a good 
 field glass Mount Tom, Mount Holyoke, the State Capitol at 
 Hartford, and numerous other towns and villages can be seen 
 There are beautiful drives and good roads about the city. 
 During the past decade many sewers have been put in and con- 
 siderable curbing has been done. The septic system of sewage 
 disposal is one of the best in the country. The city is 16.7 
 miles from Hartford, 4.4 miles from Vernon, 109.4 miles from 
 Boston and 125 miles from New York. 
 
 The daily wants of Eockville are supplied by one hundred 
 stores, shops and markets. The people of a number of smaller 
 villages, including Vernon, Vernon Center, Talcottville, Elling- 
 ton, Tolland, Bolton, Quarryville, Coventry, Broad Brook and 
 Windsorville, all of which are within a radius of a few miles, 
 do considerable trading in Eockville. There are numerous hand- 
 some and substantial business blocks in the city, among the 
 number, the Prescott Block on Park Street, the Henry Build- 
 ing, at the corner of Park Place and Park Street, Eockville 
 National Bank Building, Exchange Block, Doane Block, Citi- 
 zens' Block, all in the center of the city, the Fitch Block 
 on Union Street and the Orcutt property on East 
 Main Street and Market Street, and the Turn Hall 
 property on Village Street. There is one first class 
 hotel, "The Eockville/' and several smaller hotels and two 
 
SUMMARY OF VERNON 's HISTORY EARLY AND MODERN 9] 
 
 opera houses, or theaters. A feature that appeals to every 
 stranger, the tripled terraced streets, adds much to the beauty 
 in the center of the city. Located on Park Place, opposite 
 Central Park, is Eockville's Memorial Building, erected by the 
 town in 1889, in memory of the soldiers and sailors who fought 
 in the Civil War. It is a structure of character and dignity. It 
 contains a spacious public hall, capable of seating one thousand 
 persons, also the rooms of Burpee Post. G. A. B., the town and 
 city offices, superior court and bar library, probate office for 
 the Ellington District, which includes the towns of Vernon and 
 Ellington, and is presided over by Judge John E. Fahey, and 
 police headquarters and police court room. For a city its size 
 there are few, if any, that have so many costly and magnificent 
 residences. A very large percentage of the people own their 
 homes, which speaks well for people and community. The 
 telephone and telegraph facilities are first class. The assessed 
 valuation of the property in the town is $6,093,393, an express 
 business of $30,000 per annum is done and the freight business 
 in a year amounts to $200,000. 
 
 The geographical position of Eockville is such as to render 
 impossible the allotment of much space for parks, gardens, or 
 even a desirable location of the public streets. The city is by no 
 means destitute of public or private adornments of this kind. 
 There are three parks. Talcott Park, the largest in the city, the 
 gift of Phineas Talcott. was donated by him to the town in the 
 early fifties, and Central Park was donated by adjacent 
 land owners and laid out in its present shape in the early 
 seventies. This is in the very heart of the city on the main 
 thoroughfare. Although small in area, owing to the arrange- 
 ment of the streets, it presents a remarkably pretty picture and 
 attracts the attention of all strangers. 
 
 Nearly four score and ten years ago, even almost before the 
 Eockville of today proper had its birth, there was enacted at the 
 east end of the town a drama the real end of which was hardly 
 then completed. General Lafayette, the friend and former 
 protector of an embryo nation on a tour through this country, 
 honored Eockville by his presence, stopping for a few hours at 
 
92 summary or vernon's history ancient and modern 
 
 the old King Tavern, now the town almshouse. On Thursday. 
 June 12, 1902, Lafayette Park and monument were dedicated 
 in memory of General Lafayette. The memorial is the result 
 of hard and persistent work of Sabra Trumbull Chapter, D. A. B. 
 of Eockville. It consists of a large, native boulder with appro- 
 priate inscription on a bronze plate. The boulder is located on 
 a small plot of land, which has been made into a park at the 
 intersection of Grove, East and South Streets, Hyde Avenue 
 and Coventry Boad. 
 
 GROWTH OF THE TOWN. 
 
 The growth of the town has been slow and substantial, rather 
 than showy and meteoric. The entire population was less than 
 a score of families in 1822, six of whom were Grants. In 1823 
 there were five families in the Eock District. In 1840 there were 
 six hundred inhabitants in the chain of little houses that clus- 
 tered about the mills. Up to the year 1841, so far as can be 
 learned, the people of Eockville were accustomed to getting their 
 mail at Vernon Center, which was the "Hub," being the only 
 voting place in the town and the center of business in general. 
 At this time Eockville was just beginning to put on its village 
 clothes. It had no hotels, it had no steam roads and no trolley 
 cars. The polling place for the town was in the conference room 
 of the Congregational Church at Vernon Center, which was 
 built in 1826. Everyone went there to vote until 1856, when 
 town and electors' meetings began to be held in alternate years 
 at Eockville and Vernon Center. In 1865 all such meetings 
 were transferred to Eockville. The population of the town of 
 Vernon in 1810, two years after it was incorporated, was 827; in 
 1820, 966; in 1830, 1,164; in 1840, 1,435; in 1850, 2,900; in 
 1860, 3,838; in 1870, 5,446; in 1880, 6,915; in 1890, 8,808; in 
 1900, 8,483; in 1910, 9,087. The figures of the thirteenth cen- 
 sus give Eockville city a population of 7,977. Nearly all nation- 
 alities are represented. 
 
 Lewis T. Skinner has the honor of being the oldest male 
 native of Vernon living. He was born January 23, 1823, and 
 is eighty-eight years old. The house he was born in stood 
 in the vicinity of the old meeting house at Vernon Center. He 
 
SUMMARY OF VERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERX 93 
 
 was personally acquainted with twenty-five of the one hundred 
 and nine freemen of the town where it was incorpor- 
 ated in 1808. He resided in the town for thirty-five 
 years. He now lives on the edge of East Windsor 
 about a quarter of a mile from the Vernon town line. Up to 
 within the past few months he was remarkably spry and active, 
 getting outdoors every day and doing his regular farm work. 
 
 Mrs. Harriett K. Maxwell is the oldest female native of Ver- 
 non living. She was born May 2, 1823. She has lived in the 
 town all her life and is a wonderfully preserved woman and 
 unusually active for one her years, with keen mental perception 
 and enjoying excellent health. She is the widow of George 
 Maxwell, one of the pioneers of the town. 
 
 William Butler, who died December 18, 1910 had the dis- 
 tinction of having been in business for a longer period than any 
 man in the town — three score years. Among the business men 
 now living, who were in business previous to the outbreak of the 
 Civil War are the following: G. A. Groves, of Bradford, Pa.. 
 Joseph Selden of Norfolk, Henry W. Gove of Cottage City, 
 Hudson Kellogg of Chicago ;E. S. Henry, H. B. Murlless, L. E. 
 Thompson, Francis B. Skinner, 0. C. West, P. E. Gorman. 
 Hugh Kernan, A. Park Hammond, Erank Grant. George Tal- 
 cott, Edgar Keeney, William P. Kobertson, Charles A. Ladd, 
 A. 0. Thrall, H. L. James, Henry Burke, J. C. Hammond. Jr. 
 and Dr. John B. Lewis, of Hartford. 
 
 IN CONCLUSION. 
 
 Vernon (Bockville) has indeed reason to be proud of her 
 record at the end of her first century. A wonderful change has 
 taken place in the quiet little hamlet of a hundred years ago. 
 Then there were seven hundred souls, mostly Yankee farmers. 
 Today Vernon is nine thousand strong, with a reputation in 
 manufacturing that extends far and wide, reaching the high water 
 mark of excellence, being first in the states in the manufacture 
 of the finest worsted and woolen goods silk fish-lines and spool 
 sewing silks, the home of the Hockanum worsteds, Belding silks, 
 Kingfisher silk fish-lines and the parent mill of the United 
 States Envelope Company. The city operates nine hundred 
 
94 SUMMARY OF VERXOX's HISTORY EARLY AXD MODERX 
 
 looms, thirty-five thousand spindles and five hundred braiders, 
 Thirty-four hundred hands are employed with a weekly payroll 
 of approximately $35,000, and a yearly output of one million 
 five hundred thousand yards of cloth. Surely Eockville lives up 
 to her name, the "Loom City," a city in which its looms of 
 industry are building honest riches ; a city whose hills loom into 
 the regions of pure air and invigorating health, crowned by good 
 old New England homes in which abide industry and integrity ; 
 a city whose achievements in all the pursuits of life and whose 
 contributions to the state and the nation stand high in the esti- 
 mation of the American brotherhood of municipalities. May we 
 continue to press forward, doing each duty as it presents itself, 
 placing our confidence "in the God of our fathers, from out 
 whose hand the centuries fall like grains of sand." What will 
 be the lot of those who will be here one hundred years hence, to 
 recall the origin and history of Vernon, is beyond our conception. 
 Our hope is that it will be as peaceful, as prosperous, and as 
 contented as our own. 
 
PART II. 
 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES. 
 
CHARLES PHELPS, 
 President of General Committee, Vernon Centennial Celebration. 
 
RESOLUTIONS AUTHORIZING CELEBRATION. 
 
 The following resolutions authorizing the centennial celebra- 
 tion by vote of the town were passed at a special town meeting 
 held on Friday evening, November 29, 1907, in the Town Hall: 
 
 Resolved — That the legal voters of the town of Vernon in town 
 meeting assembled, do hereby declare themselves in favor of an 
 "Old Home Week" celebration, to be held during some week in 
 the year 1908, which will appropriately mark the one-hundredth 
 anniversary of the town of Vernon, and that a committee con- 
 sisting of the board of selectmen of the town, the town treasurer, 
 the mayor of the city of Eockville, the president of the Eockville 
 Business Men's Association and Hon. Francis T. Maxwell, rep- 
 resenting the manufacturing interests of the town, be and they 
 hereby are appointed a committee with power to select fifteen 
 other residents of the town, representing its business and profes- 
 sional interests who, together shall form a committee of twenty- 
 two, and who shall have power to arrange for, direct and carry 
 out all plans for such celebration on such dates as they shall 
 select and which shall be considered most appropriate from every 
 standpoint: said committee shall have power to appoint any and 
 all additional committees and sub-committees in their opinion 
 necessary for the celebration. 
 
 Resolved — That a sum not to exceed $2,000 be appropriated 
 from the town treasury to be used for the expenses incurred by 
 the "Old Home Week" celebration during the centennial year of 
 the town, and that the town treasurer be, and he hereby is author- 
 ized to honor any and all orders from the treasurer of the general 
 committee for such amounts as the committee shall need from 
 time to time, not to exceed in the aggregate the amount appro- 
 priated by the town. 
 
 Resolved — That the city of Eockville be asked to do what it 
 can legally do to co-operate with the town through the mayor 
 and Common Council in making the celebration a success. 
 
98 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 G E X EEAL COMMITTEE. 
 
 Charles Phelps, President. 
 Thomas F. Noone, Vice-President. 
 Joseph C. Hammond, Jr., Secretary. 
 Fred Woodhall, Assistant Secretary. 
 Parley B. Leonard, Treasurer. 
 Francis B. Skinner, John H. Zimmermann, 
 
 Paul Brache, George Forster, 
 
 Francis T. Maxwell, David A. Sykks, 
 
 Francis A. Randall, Francis J. Began, 
 
 George P. Wendheiser, John W. Hefferon, 
 
 Augustin B. Parker, Charles N. McLean, 
 
 C. Denison Talcott, Harry C. Smith, 
 
 Henry H. Willes, Moritz Kemnitzer, 
 
 Charles Backofen. 
 
 INCEPTION AXD ORGANIZATIOX OF CENTENNIAL 
 MOVEMENT. 
 
 Before any definite steps had been taken to celebrate the cen- 
 tennial of Vernon's incorporation as a political factor in the 
 commonwealth of Connecticut, the citizens of the town had 
 their attention called to the subject in an editorial which ap- 
 peared in the Rockville Leader on Friday, October 11, 1907, 
 entitled, "Let a Jubilee Mark Vernon's One Hundred Years of 
 Existence as a Town Xext Year." In the same issue an inter- 
 esting historical article, reprinted from the Vernon town records, 
 volume Xo. 1, appeared. From time to time there were fre- 
 quent references in the public prints and communications from 
 and interviews with prominent citizens during the latter part of 
 mo; and the forepart of 1908. 
 
 The first decisive step toward bringing about a big one- 
 hundredtb birthday party was taken by the Rockville Business 
 Men's Association on Friday evening, October 25, 190*. when 
 resolutions favoring the celebration, were unanimously adopted. 
 
 At an adjourned meeting of the general centennial committee 
 in the Council Chamber on Friday evening, December 27, 1!»CK. 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 99 
 
 at 8 o'clock, with seventeen out of the twenty-two members in 
 attendance, organization was perfected by the election of the 
 following officers : President, Charles Phelps ; vice-president, 
 Thomas F. Noone ; secretary, Joseph C. Hammond, Jr. ; assistant 
 secretary, Fred Woodhall ; treasurer, Parley B. Leonard. Each 
 one received a unanimous vote. 
 
 Eealizing the magnitude of the project and feeling that haste 
 would make waste, the general committee in charge of the Vernon 
 centennial celebration took its time and gave careful considera- 
 tion to every phase of the subject. It was no easy task to deter- 
 mine the character and scope of the celebration and to fix dates 
 that would prove satisfactory from every standpoint. Before 
 deciding this question the general committee took special pains 
 to get in touch with public sentiment in so far as possible and to 
 find out just how the citizens of the town felt. Through inter- 
 views with citizens in all the walks of life, which appeared in 
 the Leader, some idea of what would prove satisfactory 
 dates was obtained. 
 
 Before definitely fixing the dates for the celebration, the 
 general committee met in the Council Chamber on Friday even- 
 ing, January 17, 1908, at which time the sub-committees were 
 announced as follows: 
 
 Finance — Francis T. Maxwell, C. Denison Talcott, John \\ . 
 Hefferon, Francis A. Randall, John H. Zimmermann. 
 
 Public Exercises — Thomas F. Noone, David A. Sykes, George 
 P. Wendbeiser, John W. Hefferon, Moritz Kemnitzer. 
 
 Invitations and Reception — Parley B. Leonard, George 
 Forster, Augustin B. Parker. 
 
 Advertising, Publicity and Printing — Francis A. Randall, 
 Harry C. Smith, Charles Backofen, George P. Wendbeiser. 
 
 Decorations and Illuminations — Fred Woodhall, J. C. Ham- 
 mond, Jr. and John H. Zimmermann. 
 
 Transportation — Paul Brache, H. H. Willes, F. B. Skinner, 
 Francis J. Regan. 
 
 Historical Addresses, Events and Relics — Joseph C. Ham- 
 mond, Jr., Francis T. Maxwell, Augustin B. Parker. 
 
100 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 Piiblic Safety— Francis J. Kegan, Charles N. McLean, Henry 
 H. Willes, George Forster. 
 
 Sports — Fred Woodhall, George Forster, Francis B. Skinner. 
 
 Licenses and Privileges — David A. Sykes, Francis A. Randall, 
 George P. Wendheiser. 
 
 Executive Board — Charles Phelps, Thomas F. Noone, Joseph 
 C. Hammond, Jr., Fred Woodhall, and Parley B. Leonard. 
 
 Each sub-committee elected a chairman and secretary. 
 
 It was not until Friday evening, March 13, 1908, that dates 
 for the centennial celebration were fixed. At a largely attended 
 and enthusiastic meeting of the general committee, it was the 
 sense of all that the question of dates could not be delayed 
 longer. A friendly discussion took place and ideas were asked 
 for and given. Nearly all the members of the committee present 
 favored the month of June, owing to the fine weather conditions 
 that usually prevail at that time. It was unanimously voted to 
 hold the celebration from June 28 to July 4, inclusive. Having 
 determined the character and dates of the centennial, the sub- 
 committees lost no time in getting down to business. The mem- 
 bers were selected with great care, and with the idea of getting 
 those adapted to the work devolving upon them, and willing to 
 bend every effort and put forth all the energy they possessed 
 to make the event a notable and successful one. Meeting after 
 meeting was held and with scarcely an exception the members 
 of the various sub-committees put their whole hearts and souls 
 into their work, carrying out, in a manner that elicited the 
 heartiest commendation, the trust imposed in them by the people 
 of Vernon, and by their untiring activity, undaunted courage 
 and splendid enthusiasm, thoroughly stirring and arousing the 
 cordial support ;\]]t\ hearty co-operation of the people. 
 
 OPE X I \ ( ; ( ) F C E LEBRATION ; DEC( >RATIO X S AND 
 ILLUMINATIONS. 
 
 At last ! After mouths of preparation, of hard work, of en- 
 couragement and obstacles, of enthusiasm and misgivings, those 
 who had labored saw the fruition of their efforts, and the town 
 of Vernon entered upon its grand centennial celebration. 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 101 
 
 Any one-hundredth birthday of a person or of a place is a 
 notable events and that of our town must live long in the mem- 
 ories of those who shared therein, and have permanent interest 
 for such as shall make Vernon their future home. 
 
 Naturally, the story of this historical event centers and circles 
 in and about the city of Kockvrlle. Here began, and here was 
 consummated the desire to mark the growth and progress of 
 Vernon by a scries of spectacles and exercises which should leave 
 a lasting record in the minds of the townspeople, and make a 
 worthy subject for preservation in type. 
 
 Doubtless the memories still freshest with those who can look 
 back upon the events of that week in June, 1908, are the recol- 
 lections of the decorations which transformed our streets and 
 open spaces into a stage-setting of more than theatrical splendor. 
 Private houses, public buildings, business places, all contributed 
 a lavish share to the total effect of beauty and carnival-like 
 gaiety. Never before had Rockville's natural scenic advantages 
 been so utilized and enhanced by the tasteful touch of Art. 
 
 If the daylight effects were inspiring, those of evening and 
 night were thrilling. Myriads of many-colored lights, outlining 
 buildings, festooning streets and parks, made up a veritable 
 "blaze of glory." Especially worthy of mention were the bril- 
 liant effects seen about Central Park. Here were erected Ionian 
 columns, their white gracefulness crowned with gilt; and festoon- 
 ed from pillar to pillar, shone thousands of electric bulbs. A 
 pretty effect was obtained about the fountain in Park Place 
 by twining the four lamp-posts with laurel. 
 
 Memorial Hall, as was fitting, was made a chief feature in 
 the scheme of decoration, over the main entrance shining the 
 word "Centennial," flanked on each side by the figures "1808" 
 and "1908," respectively, the seal of the state being also outlined 
 in bulbs of red, white, and blue. 
 
 First and foremost in the sentiments expressed by the decora- 
 tions was that of "Welcome." This heart-stirring word was of 
 frequent appearance by day and night, and sounded the key- 
 note of the whole week's festivities. 
 
102 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 Many were they who responded to the home-call, and t'oundf 
 that "welcome" was indeed the common salutation to all home 
 comers. Indeed, to this day, we think and speak of that time- 
 as "Old Home Week." 
 
 On the Sunday of June 28th, special services in all of the 
 churches marked the preliminary approach of the real celebra- 
 tion. Pastors of all denominations united in presenting to their 
 people some thoughts of special appropriateness to the occasion. 
 Music, too, was a large factor in putting the minds of the people- 
 in tune with all the harmony and delight manifested within and 
 without. Without in any way slighting the value and enjoy- 
 ment of other musical performances, it seems worthy of special 
 remembrance that the centennial service of the Union Church 
 was the occasion of presenting Haydn's magnificent oratorio, 
 "The Creation." It was indeed a fine contribution to the prog- 
 ress of Vernon in a musical sense. 
 
 Perhaps the honor of inaugurating the celebration proper 
 remains with the Gesang and Declamation Club. Just before- 
 midnight of Saturday night, this association assembled in Central 
 Park and sang "Forward the Light," and "Milage Dear." 
 
 Thus commenced that season of many delightful happenings 
 which were crowded into the next few days. 
 
 COMMEMOEATIVE EXEECISES AT YEKNOX CEXTEIL 
 
 "Back to Vernon Center !" That might well have been the cry 
 which stirred the people of Vernon town on Monday, June 29,. 
 1908. Such, at all events, was what took place. From all points,. 
 towards the old Mother Church, the historic Congregational 
 Church of Vernon Center — traveled crowds of people interested 
 in the literary exercises of the day. For here was to be heard 
 related that long train of events which had found their cul- 
 mination in this one-hundredth anniversary. Within the walls, 
 of this old church gathered descendants of those sturdy and 
 God-fearing men and women, who, by their faith and their 
 works, laid the foundations of our present-day society, both 
 church and community. 
 
CEXTEXXIAL EXERCISES 103 
 
 Ex-Representative Henry H. Willes, master of ceremonies, 
 conducted the exercises. Mr. Willes briefly welcomed those 
 present, thanked the centennial committee for doing the old 
 village the honor of having the exercises on that historic spot. 
 and assured everyone present of his and the townspeople's ap- 
 preciation. 
 
 Following the invocation by Rev. C. E. McKinley of the 
 Union Congregational Church of Rockville, there was an address 
 of welcome by Parley B. Leonard, first selectman of the town 
 ■of Vernon. 
 
 M r. Leonard spoke as follows : 
 
 •ClTIZEXS OF VERXOX AND 1XVITED GUESTS : 
 
 We are here today to celebrate the one-hundredth birthday of 
 the town of Vernon, and as this spot was the center of the town 
 for many years, it is very fitting and appropriate that these 
 •exercises should take place as planned. I do not propose to tell 
 jou what happened one hundred years ago, or the many changes 
 that have taken place during the time, as we have with us today 
 able speakers who will address you along these lines. 
 
 Your committee in charge has arranged a very attractive 
 program for the entire week. Yesterday, religious services were 
 held in all the churches, and it was an event long to be remem- 
 bered. There will be attractions in Rockville day and night 
 •during the week, and every day will be a big day. All roads 
 will lead to Rockville, and the gates of the city will be wide 
 open. All are welcome; there is no division line, as to you and 
 jour ancestors is due the credit for the growth and prosperity of 
 -our beautiful town. 
 
 Come and be with us as much of the time as possible, for this 
 is our home, and we want to keep the record we have already 
 obtained of having as good a home as anyone. Your presence 
 will help to make the week enjoyable, and it will go down into 
 history as one of the most notable events that ever took place in 
 Vernon. 
 
 In behalf of the committee, I thank you for the interest and 
 enthusiasm you have shown here today. We not only welcome 
 jou, but urge you to continue with us the entire week. 
 
104 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 Following Mr. Leonard's address, the act of the general as- 
 sembly creating the town of Vernon was read by Town Clerk 
 Francis B. Skinner. The following is a true copy of the record : 
 
 "Upon the Petition of Oliver King and Saul Alvord, of Bolton, 
 in the County of Tolland, agents for said town of Bolton, in 
 their own names, and in the names and behalf of the rest of the 
 inhabitants of said town of Bolton, shewing to this Assembly 
 that said town is about eleven miles in length from North to 
 South, and from three to five miles in width from East to West, 
 and is divided into two ecclesiastical societies, and that from the 
 situation and circumstances of the inhabitants of said town, the 
 same ought to be divided into two towns by the society lines; 
 and that all questions respecting the debts, poor, bridges, and all 
 matters, which might arise in consequence of a division of said 
 town, have been amicably settled and adjusted, — Praying for an 
 Act of Assembly to divide said town as aforesaid and to allow 
 each town one representative only, — as by Petition on file dated 
 the 3d day of May, A. D. 1808. 
 
 "This Petition was brought to the General Assembly hoi den at 
 Hartford in May last, and thence by legal continuance, to this 
 Assembly, with an order to advertise notice of the pendency of 
 the same, which order has been complied with and no opposition 
 being made against the Prayer of said Petition and the facts 
 stated in the same being proved, — ■ 
 
 "Besolved, By this Assembly, that the inhabitants living within 
 the limits of the society of North Bolton, in said town of Bolton, 
 be and they thereby are incorporated into and made a town by 
 the name of Vernon; and that they and their successors, inhabi- 
 tants within said limits, are, and shall forever remain a town 
 and body politic with the rights, privileges and immunities to 
 other towns belonging, excepting that they shall elect only one 
 representative to the General Assembly and the lines and limits 
 of said society shall be the lines and limits of said town of 
 Vernon. — 
 
 "And it is further resolved, that said town of Vernon shall 
 hold their first town meeting at the meeting house in said Vernon 
 on the third Monday of November next, at two o'clock in the 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 105 
 
 afternoon, to choose their town officers for the year ensuing, — 
 and said meeting shall he warned by posting a notification to 
 that effect on the sign-post in said Vernon ten days before said 
 third Monday of November, which notification shall be signed 
 by Oliver King, Esquire, who shall be the Moderator of said 
 meeting; and in case the said King shall fail to perform the duty 
 hereby assigned to him, the same may be performed by any 
 other justice of the peace in any town adjoining said town of 
 Vernon. — ■ 
 
 "And it is further resolved, that said town of Bolton shall 
 hereafter elect no more than one representative to a session of the 
 General Assembly. 
 
 "A true copy of Record, examined by 
 
 ''Samuel Wyllys, 
 
 "Secretary." 
 
 Vocal selections by the school children, under the direction 
 of Prof. T. William Sturgeon, were a pleasing feature of 
 the exercises, preceding the reading of the historical essay pre- 
 pared by C. Denison Talcott; reminiscences by Captain C. W. 
 Burpee of Hartford; commemorative poem by Pro lessor Thomas 
 D. Goodell of New Haven, and commemorative address by Bon. 
 Charles Phelps. Each of these notable contributions will be 
 found printed in full. 
 
 Just before the close of the exercises at the church, Rev. C: E. 
 McKinley, pastor of the Union Congregational Church, Rock- 
 ville, arose and said that he desired to make a motion, and that 
 was, that the congregation, before it leaves, show its appreciation 
 of the old church at Vernon Center and the village, by subscrib- 
 ing to a fund to rebuild the church steeple. The motion did not 
 want for seconders. Pastor McKinley gave an impetus to the 
 movement by making a very generous contribution himself. Ex- 
 Representative H. H. Willes, master of ceremonies, made a few 
 remarks, saying how pleasing such a suggestion as Mr. McKinley 
 had made would be to the people. He announced that he would 
 give $100 toward the object himself. Rev. C. E. McKinley 
 temporarily assumed charge and called for subscriptions. The 
 sum of $260.00 was secured from among those present. After 
 
106 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 the exercises Mr. Willes went among the people and succeeded 
 in getting additional contributions, which brought the total 
 amount up to $800.00. At the present time only a few hundred 
 dollars more are necessary to raise the sum. of $2,500.00, the- 
 amount necessary to restore the spire. 
 
 The literary exercises closed with the benediction by Rev. E. 
 Payson Hammond of Hartford. Before pronouncing the bene- 
 dict ion he made a few appropriate remarks, referring to the many 
 years he bad lived in Vernon and of the many times he had 
 preached in the pulpit of the Vernon Center Congregational 
 Church, of the numerous prayer meetings he had attended and 
 the great interest and enjoyment he had taken in them all. 
 
 After the literary exercises in the church were over, there was- 
 a social gathering on the beautifully kept lawn with selections 
 by Ulivieri's Band of Florence, Italy. Refreshments were also- 
 served. 
 
 HISTORICAL ESSAY BY C. DEXISOX TALCOTT. 
 
 Following is the historical essay, which was written for 
 the occasion by C. Denison Talcott of Talcottville, and read 
 by him : 
 
 You have come today into this house of worship to hear 
 recounted the glories of our beloved Vernon. This build- 
 ing itself, in which we are assembled, teems with the hal- 
 lowed memories of the fathers that are gone. For those 
 who have reached a ripe old age, it will be impossible for 
 me to lend a coloring to events which can be satisfactory 
 or compare with living experience. I only hope that as the 
 more important triumphs are passed in review, you will 
 picture them yourselves, anew, in your minds, and out 
 of this reveries supply those details which must otherwise 
 be lacking. For those in middle life who have come from 
 distant lands and made their homes within the boundaries 
 of this town, I shall endeavor to dwell upon those early 
 struggles, by reason of which it has been possible to re- 
 ceive so many, and having received them into our strength 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 107 
 
 and fellowship, to mould a noble body politic — our pre- 
 vious possession today. For us, younger voters, there can 
 be from a reflection upon the hundred years that have 
 passed but one effect — an abiding" inspiration. 
 
 Eighteen hundred and eight is the year towards which 
 our minds are turning today. On the second Thursday of 
 October, 1808, by an act of the General Assembly of the 
 state of Connecticut, a section of the town of Bolton was 
 set off and incorporated into the town of Vernon. Possibly 
 many of you have wished that this town had not been set 
 off from another, but had entered the county along with 
 the other towns, in 1785, the time when the county of Tol- 
 land was set apart as one of the principal divisions of the 
 .state. Contrary to this idea, I believe that the creation of 
 Vernon by a special act of the Legislature reflects the highest 
 possible credit upon those who constituted her citizens. All 
 districts required a separation originally, and the fact that 
 the townspeople of North Bolton were so aggressive and 
 resourceful as to be recognized by the state government at 
 that early time, accounts in no small measure for the leader- 
 ship in the county which Vernon enjoy so pre-eminently 
 today. 
 
 The early settlers, previous to 1808, were attracted by the 
 power of the two streams now familiar to us all as the 
 Hockanum and the Tankarooson. To follow these waters 
 through an undisturbed wildness of a thousand years was 
 no mean task. In fact, land companies, acting as proprie- 
 tors, were formed by leading citizens of the Connecticut 
 Valley, for the purpose of developing and creating town- 
 ships in just such a wilderness as was Tolland County at 
 that time. The towns of Bolton, Tolland and Union were 
 opened and established by companies of this sort. How 
 was it with Vernon ? To Samuel Grant of Windsor, we 
 give honor for that undaunted spirit which made him the 
 •clear possessor of the land upon which the city of Rock- 
 ville is built today. Mr. Grant was the owner of between 
 five hundred and six hundred acres of land in North Bolton, 
 
108 n:\ 'n:\M.\L exercises 
 
 but being" a non-resident and having no particular interest 
 in the plans of the proprietors of that township, he was 
 induced to swap off his original farm for the rugged lands 
 now so luxuriant with wealth. This transaction was due 
 solely to the courage and vision of a fearless pioneer. April 
 29, 1726, Mr. Grant took possession and erected the first 
 dwelling house near the corner of Union and West streets. 
 
 In those primitive times the great and most natural needs 
 soon started the saw and grist mill. Nearly, if not the first, 
 dam across the free waters of the Hockanum. was built by 
 the Payne family and was located on the present Minter- 
 burn privilege. From 1730 on the Grants and Paynes made 
 use of the abundant power, produced the necessary lumber, 
 and took care of the grinding of the crops. 
 
 The question naturally comes to us. "Did these stalwart 
 explorers never meet the Indian?" The historian is of 
 the opinion that this section was used as a hunting and 
 fishing ground, but was probably never a regular abode of 
 the red man. In 1675 by the will of the old Sachem Joshua, 
 son of Uncas, the northern hunting grounds w'ere trans- 
 ferred to the white men of the Saybrook plantation. This 
 was the final trumpet, and accomplished for Connecticut, at 
 least, the "Last of the Mohicans." An extract from this 
 old Colonial record reads as follows : "I give and bequeath 
 all that tract of land lying from the mountains in sight 
 of Hartford, northward to the pond called Shenaps." Shen- 
 aps is a confusion of Schenipset, our Snipsic, just as Mohi- 
 can and Mohegan are applied to the Indians of the Hudson 
 and of Connecticut, although one race. Not only by this 
 reference to Lake Snipsic from the will of an old Indian 
 chief, but by arrow heads and other relics, we know that 
 the red men at least encamped temporarily, during their 
 summer excursions, in this territory of Vernon. From 1675, 
 moreover, we are likewise sure that their influence and ac- 
 tivity ceased. It is perfectly safe to say, therefore, in 
 answer to the query — did the early settler never meet the 
 Indian? — that by 1725, the date of the arrival of Samuel 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 109 
 
 Grant, there were scarcely more traces of the red man to be 
 found than there are today. 
 
 The rude, one-story cabin, the primitive mill, the rough, 
 hard clearing, enveloped by nature, irresistible, impassable, 
 silent, yet slowly but surely vanquished by the sinewy arm 
 of the man of faith, this is the scene from 1725 to the close 
 of the eighteenth century. 
 
 What shall we say of the primal virtues of our fathers? 
 What was the moulding force, the sustainer of faith and 
 hope? On November 24, 1762, Rev. Ebenezer Kellogg ac- 
 cepted the call of the church in North Bolton, to settle in 
 the work of the Christian ministry. As the North Bolton 
 Society occupied the same territory as our town of Vernon, 
 we are right in speaking of "Sir. Kellogg as the first pastor 
 of the First Church of Christ in Vernon. This pastorate 
 was alike unique for its extreme length as well as for its 
 far-reaching and abiding effect. For fifty-five years Mr. 
 Kellogg labored without interruption in the ministry of this 
 one church. During this long period not only did many of the 
 early members themselves become preachers, but. through 
 the spirit of migration which sent far and wide fully half of 
 the population of the town, the benignity of this first pastor 
 was shed throughout every northern state. Flow better 
 can we speak of this remarkable character, simple, yet so 
 sublime, than by a few of his own words on the fiftieth anni- 
 versary of his ordination : "Time in its nature is fleeting. 
 It bears all the living along with it. As to myself, the time 
 of my departure is near at hand. And in view of the pros- 
 pect of that solemn day, I am supported with a believing 
 hope that I trust in my all-sufficient Savior, and that I 
 have not labored altogether in vain among you." This 
 benign and peace-loving nature was the source of the faith 
 and hope of the fathers. Of the Puritan mind like their 
 pastor, our ancestors reflected every Puritan tradition. The 
 idea, foremost in the minds of all, was the call to the serv- 
 ice of religion. They were remarkably united and content, 
 and next to their anxiety to know the right, and do it, was 
 
110 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 a like fervency and loyalty toward the government. In 
 conclusion the theory of their lives is clear — -not how much 
 they might he ahle to get out of the society of their fellows, 
 but rather how best they could give of themselves to the 
 well-being of all. 
 
 In 1789 North Bolton was enlarged more than a third by 
 the annexation of a section of the town of East Windsor. 
 This section had long been a part of the North Bolton 
 Ecclesiastical Society, but had not been formally incorpo- 
 rated as a part of the township. From this union of terri- 
 tory was derived, virtually, the boundaries of our town of 
 Vernon. 
 
 We come now to the formative period of our manufac- 
 tures, the development of which has drawn so large from 
 the best of our life blood, and has given us in return so 
 great a dividend of honor and respect. 
 
 The first machinery for carding and spinning was built 
 by John Warburton. Mr. Warburton came from England 
 in 1794, and shortly after located on the privilege now held 
 by Talcott Brothers. Here, after much preparation, were 
 manufactured the first stocking yarns and thread. The his- 
 torian makes mention in particular of the liberal and unique 
 hospitality of Air. Warburton. On the highway a hogs- 
 head of Jamaica rum was kept on tap in an open shed, 
 free to all. Your historian feels safe in saying in general, 
 that whatever rum comes into Talcottville today does not 
 -come from Jamaica. Near the present iron bridge there 
 still remain the two brick houses built by Mr. Warburton. 
 In 1809 the Warburton property was bought by Alexander 
 McLean, Lebbeus B. Tinker, Irad Fuller and Colonel Fran- 
 cis McLean. L'nder Alexander McLean's leadership the 
 property now became known as McLean's wool-carding 
 plant. In one part of this plant Peter Dobson made his first 
 preparations for the spinning of cotton. Together with Ches- 
 ter King and James Chapman, he bought the privilege now 
 occupied by the Ravine Mills Company. By the spring of 
 1811 a mill was completed and two mules of one hundred and 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 111 
 
 ninety-two spindles each were in operation. Mr. Dobson, as 
 the first to assemble the yarns and develop the art of weav- 
 ing, may rightly be called our first manufacturer. He was not 
 only a natural mathematician, but a practical draughtsman 
 as well. He both made his designs and constructed his ma- 
 chinery — a rare combination of genius. Think how la- 
 borious were those first efforts ! Much of the raw stock 
 was carded at McLean's, then spun by Dobson in his own 
 mill, afterwards put out by him to housewives for weav- 
 ing, and finally sold to peddlers, owing to opposition to all 
 goods of American make. 
 
 How now do we connect these first attempts of Dobson 
 in southern Vernon with the beginning of manufacturing 
 in Rockville? Up to 1811 Dobson's yarns had been used 
 especially to meet the primal needs of the home — shirtings,, 
 sheetings, ginghams, tablecloths. All these fabrics were 
 woven on cumbersome looms with the simplest possible 
 weave. In this year. 1811, Delano Abbott, a farmer living 
 not far from Vernon Center, consulted Peter Dobson with 
 regard to a sample of woolen cloth which had particularly 
 attracted him. Mr. Abbott made up his mind to manu- 
 facture this cloth. He persuaded Mr. Dobson to build 
 the necessary machinery, and in 1812, in a building close 
 to his house, produced the first piece of satinet. The cloth 
 was carried to Simeon Cooley's to be fulled and finished. 
 This clothing works was located near the old Payne privi- 
 lege on the site of a traditional iron works — clearly a con- 
 siderable distance from Mr. Abbott's homestead. To the 
 vision of Delano Abbott and to his faith to act upon what 
 he saw, we are indebted for the beginning in Vernon of 
 the regular manufacture of woolens. Two years later, in 
 1814, encouraged by the success of Mr. Abbott, a nephew 
 of his, Ebenezer Xash, built a small mill on the old Hocka- 
 lmiii Site. This effort of Mr. Xash was the start of manu- 
 facture in Rockville. 
 
 For some years Colonel Francis McLean had fostered many 
 and varied enterprises. He was a man of great mental vigor 
 
112 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 and the possessor of an indomitable will. In his youth 
 there was evident this same intensity of character. Work, 
 heavy and constant on his father's farm, developed a phy- 
 sique of great power. Referring to his military service, the 
 Colonel remarks : "At 18 years old I became a soldier, then 
 was chosen corporal, then a sergeant, orderly sergeant, en- 
 sign, lieutenant, captain, major, and at last colonel." He 
 adds : "I went up too fast from one office to another for 
 my good." This was the caliber of a leading spirit — gen- 
 erous, high-minded, and firm in principle. Such nobility be- 
 came the bulwark of the early institutions of our town. In 
 1821 Colonel McLean, George and Allen Kellogg and Ralph 
 Talcott organized for the regular manufacture of satinets. 
 They erected a building 80x30 and three stories high, on the 
 present Rock Site. This structure loomed up so mightily 
 and was actually so much larger than anything previously 
 attempted, that to the inhabitants it appeared indeed a posi- 
 tive prodigy. This was a real factory, in fact, the first 
 that might properly be called by that name. It was called 
 the Rock, because of the many great rocks thereabout, and 
 the name of Rockville followed naturally from the name 
 of this first factory. We have mentioned George Kellogg 
 and Allen Kellogg as two of the proprietors of this mill. 
 Another brother, Nathaniel O. Kellogg, a few years before, 
 in 1817, bought the Warburton privilege in southern Vernon 
 which McLean had operated as a wool-carding plant. Here 
 Mr. Kellogg added spinning and weaving equipment for 
 the manufacture of the same cloth — satinet. Hence the 
 early development of this new industry was almost simul- 
 taneous at both extremities of the town. 
 
 In 1821, when the first Rock Mill was completed, the scat- 
 tered population was hardly fifty persons all told. At least 
 a third of these were Grants, descendants of the pioneer, 
 and from them Colonel McLean purchased the land neces- 
 sary for the new mill. The surrounding country was in real- 
 ity the forest primeval. In 1823 there were only two dwell- 
 ings in the vicinity of the Rock Mill, and these necessarily 
 
THOMAS F. NOONE, 
 Vice-President Vernon Centennial 
 Committee and Chairman of Com- 
 mittee on Public Exercises. 
 
 J. C. HAMMOND, JR. 
 
 Secretary. .Member Committee on De- 
 corations and Member of Committee 
 on Historical Addresses, Events and 
 Relics. 
 
 PARLEY B. LEONARD, 
 Treasurer General Committee. Mem- 
 ber of Committee on Reception and 
 Invitations, 
 
 FRED WOODHALL, 
 Assistant Secretary of General Com- 
 mittee, Member of Committees on 
 Decorations and Sports. 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 113 
 
 served for owners and workers alike. All at that early time 
 felt not only the need of keeping shoulder to shoulder, but 
 I believe, possessed a spirit of affection, a real brother- 
 hood, which might well be a lesson for us today, in the 
 complexity of our modern life. 
 
 Up to 1826 the only changes worthy of note were within 
 the mill itself. The most significant improvement was the 
 introduction of power looms executed from the designs of 
 Lewis Beach and William T. Cogswell, later the author of 
 "The History of Rockville." The process of spinning like- 
 wise was simplified by the adoption of the spinning jack. 
 These mechanical improvements had a revolutionary effect 
 both on the general business of satinets and the rapid in- 
 crease of the inhabitants. The actual number of families 
 was thirteen. Two hundred yards in a twelve-hour day. this 
 was the new record for the Rock Mill in 1827. The popula- 
 tion likewise increased a third. A new house for Mr. Kel- 
 logg, and a reorganization of the mill company, with a much 
 larger capital, under the name of the Rock Manufacturing 
 Company, these were the signs of advancement. 
 
 Another event, signalling the growing wealth and ambi- 
 tion of the community, was the building by the church in 
 Vernon of a new meeting house. This new house of wor- 
 ship was dedicated on April 4. 1827, and is the present edi- 
 fice in which we are gathered. Regularly on the Sabbath 
 the people of the Rock District attended the services of 
 this First Church of Christ. In fact, "the most notice- 
 able sight of the day was the large team wagon of the 
 Rock Company with four horses, driven by John Chapman, 
 Jr., full loaded with girls from the Rock Factory." The 
 spirit in which this building, as well as many others, was 
 raised, shows us how remarkably universal was the license 
 of the early part of the century. Honorable men could 
 see no evil in drink, even the pastors indulged themselves 
 freely on festive occasions. The prevailing idea seemed to 
 be that liquor was always a benefit, indeed, it became 
 a panacea for every ill. We must remember that these were 
 
114 CENTENNIAL EXESCISES 
 
 times of great hardihod and self-sacrifice. The logic was 
 simple. Here were the crops, close by were the distilleries. 
 If comfort were so easily forthcoming, why should they not 
 have it? Yet, out of that age of well-meaning license, there 
 arose a company of men, remarkable in temperance and 
 wonderful in virtue. 
 
 Colonel McLean was continually interested in some new 
 enterprise. Following the old Rock, he built the Frank 
 Factory, close to the site now occupied by the James J. 
 Regan Manufacturing Company, then an oil mill at the New 
 England bridge, and at length a paper mill near the present 
 Belding privilege. He likewise did considerable surveying, 
 particularly in the laying out of new roads. These varied 
 undertakings became so pressing that in 1831, Colonel 
 McLean closed his relations with the old Rock. George 
 Kellogg naturally succeeded as the head of the company. 
 
 In contrast to the marvelous achievement of Colonel 
 McLean as an engineer, Mr. Kellogg presented an equally 
 remarkable power. He was an aggressor and a sustainer, in 
 truth — -an enduring force. As founder of the New England 
 Mill in company with Captain Allen Hammond, he shared, 
 when one considers those troublesome times of '37, a confi- 
 dence truly unique. A mind of rare discrimination, a sublime 
 morality, a constant energy, we today do honor to the char- 
 acter of George Kellogg, consecrated in truth, "To the weal 
 of man and the glory of God." In that same year, 1837, a 
 committee of nine was appointed to procure a site and affix 
 a stake for the Second Church in Vernon. This action was 
 taken because the population had steadily increased, and 
 was now more than sixty families, or three hundred persons. 
 The cost of this new meeting house was met by voluntary 
 subscription, and was necessarily borne by a few individ- 
 uals. We know that George Kellogg was one of the first 
 deacons of this church, we know also that he possessed 
 the crowning virtue of all noble characters — true generosity. 
 We may. therefore, rightly and in more senses than one, 
 call him the "Father of the First Church in Rockville." 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 115 
 
 Mention has already been made of Captain Allen Ham- 
 mond and his connection with the New England Mills. Mr. 
 Hammond belonged to that group of sterling citizens, who, 
 in recalling with honor today, we but exalt and honor our- 
 selves. Of an unassuming nature, persistent in principle, he 
 became a guiding spirit of every honest impulse, a vital 
 force ever pointing upward. In addition to his associa- 
 tion with the New England Company, Mr. Hammond was 
 for a time agent of the Rock Company, also an organizer 
 and first president of the Rockville National Bank, as well 
 as treasurer of the savings bank. Through this relationship 
 to the last-named institutions, the character of Mr. Ham- 
 mond is revealed in its truest and most perfect light. To 
 •distinguished probity there was added that charm of real 
 greatness — unaffected modesty. 
 
 All the manufacturing companies, except during the gen- 
 eral depression of 1837-'38, had an excellent record. Among 
 the small, one-set mills, the Springville Company was espe- 
 cially notable for continuously handsome dividends. The 
 directors of this company were unusually practical men — 
 Alonzo Bailey, agent: Chauncey Winched, wheelwright; 
 Christopher Burdick, machinist, and Phineas Talcott, later 
 founder of the American Mill. Up to the year 1840, the 
 several districts were recognized by the names of the va- 
 rious mill companies. In 1841 the first post office was estab- 
 lished and the name Rockville adopted. Samuel P. Rose, 
 agent for the Rock Manufacturing Company, became the 
 first postmaster. The New York and Boston stage (we 
 must remember these were still the days of stage coaches), 
 now made its regular trip through Rockville. At length, 
 after twenty years of earnest struggle, nature had yielded 
 her supremacy, farmers had graduated to manufacturers, a 
 settlement had given place to an ordained village. 
 
 From this time on there was in every direction a rapid 
 expansion. In 1843. on land offered by the Rock Company, 
 Samuel P. Rose and Hubbard Kellogg built the first hotel. 
 Before this time there had been no suitable meeting place 
 
116 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 for the development of the general social side of life. So 
 great was the satisfaction, therefore, on the completion of 
 this first public house, that a great festive gathering was 
 held, and our fathers and mothers regaled themselves in a 
 way, judging from the records, easily equal to any idea of 
 gaiety that we may pride ourselves on today — not so sci- 
 entific, perhaps, but fully as robust. In that same year, 
 1843, the New England Company, in a new mill, began the 
 manufacture of cassimeres, the first departure from the 
 time-honored satinet. Rockville began to assume the form 
 in which we see it today. One store established in 1833, 
 was no longer sufficient. Houses multiplied and there was 
 heralded the first real boom in real estate. 
 
 The year 1847 witnessed the building of the American 
 Mill by Phineas Talcott. Mr. Talcott was distinctly a man 
 of affairs. As agent of the Rock, president of the railroad 
 company and of the savings bank, he was another example 
 of the powerful virtues of our fathers. In the realm of 
 politics, his temperament, eminently judicial, carried him to 
 the principal offices, and made him always a factor of very 
 great influence. Shortly after, in 1850, the firm of White 
 and Corbin was organized. Cyrus White possessed a re- 
 markable energy, and was largely interested in the develop- 
 ment of the Brooklyn side of the Hockanum. As a supporter 
 of the Methodist denomination, his firmness of principle and 
 truth of heart was continuously manifest. 
 
 The first Irishman came to Vernon as early as 1845, and 
 the German a few years later. So large has been their in- 
 crease and so prominent their work in the township, that 
 we are glad to do honor today to the Irish and German 
 immigrant, through whose thrift and integrity Vernon truly 
 has builded well. 
 
 During those years of darkness from 1861-'64, when times 
 were troubled, and days and hours were racking to the soul ; 
 in that great war of the Rebellion, Vernon cheerfully yielded 
 her portion to the service of the nation. 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 117 
 
 Of modern Vernon and the noble lives that have been 
 lived, men whose memories are still fresh in our minds, 
 and whose passing calls back again regrets still lingering, 
 of these, today, how shall we speak with proper honor or 
 with sufficient thankfulness? Editors, merchants, farmers, 
 the professions, artisans, manufacturers — think, for a mo- 
 ment, of the long roll of honor ! Permit me to make mention 
 of three whose names stand forth with peculiar luster: 
 Dwight Loomis, Christian statesman, impartial judge ; 
 George Maxwell, master of finance, leader of men ; George 
 Sykes, manufacuring genius, captain of industry. These 
 men and many more fought great battles of faith. As we 
 turn our eyes toward the future, let me suggest a simple 
 watchword united to the fair name of our town, and to 
 bring these lines of reflection to a close with the words: 
 "Forward ! Vernon !" 
 
113 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 REMINISCENCES BY CHARLES W. BURPEE. 
 
 The following reminiscences were by Charles W. Burpee 
 of Hartford, a former Rockville boy: 
 
 There were missionaries in those days. To help some 
 of them, we bought chestnuts, each nut in a cute little 
 phial, corked in. I came across one of those chestnuts a 
 while ago, in my mother's attic. The chestnut was just 
 as good as it was when I gave five of my precious pennies 
 for it, and denied myself cornballs and soap bubbles for 
 a week. Then the bottled chestnuts were photographed 
 and we gave a few pennies more — or the price of a bag of 
 precious peanuts — for the "carte de visite." 
 
 Thus we paid for those actual chestnuts and so helped 
 a worthy cause. Other "chestnuts" were given to us and, 
 true to the law of human nature, I don't think we appre- 
 ciated them half as much. They were given to us from the 
 pulpit of a Sunday — I should say, from recollection, about 
 once in two weeks, but in reality I presume it was not 
 oftener than once a month. Those were called "missionary 
 Sundays" ; they were not bulletined or advertised in ad- 
 vance ; they took us as they found us, and thereby, perhaps, 
 they found a good many more of us than they otherwise 
 might have done. We knew it was missionary Sunday in 
 my church when a certain tall, white-headed, sepulchre- 
 voiced minister from another town took a seat on the pul- 
 pit platform with our regularly employed minister. I see 
 him yet, I hear his voice; but I've forgotten what he said, 
 if I ever heard. 
 
 Nature abhors a void. When that missionary-Sunday 
 man ceased coming there may have been no one to fill his 
 place ; I do not know for I was not in Rockville then. But 
 the thought comes to me that you and nature are trying 
 to train me to fill his place — if not as a pleader for mis- 
 sions, at least as a dispenser of "chestnuts." And, from 
 the way the training has gone on the past year or two I 
 wonder if half a century from now some one will not rise 
 up and say of my gray beard and "chestnuts" all that I 
 say — and even all that I think — of my early predecessor. 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 11 9 
 
 Reminiscence must always be personal even if it is not 
 respectful. It implies old age looking back upon youth. 
 Every generation since Nestor has had men who would 
 indulge in it. Now, the vision of youth is somewhat dis- 
 torted. The world appears to us as children to be divided 
 into giants, clowns and pigmies. The giants are all the self- 
 respecting adults whom our parents know, or who get hon- 
 orable mention on the street or in the baseball stand — a 
 considerable class ; the clowns are those who for one rea- 
 son or another cannot win the respect of children ; the pig- 
 mies are those around us as other children. The giants 
 will remain giants in our memories forever, even though 
 some of them were pretty "small potatoes" ; the pigmies, 
 many of them, we watch grow or find they have developed 
 into giants after we have been away from home a few years. 
 To illustrate: Men who always have been giants to me — 
 and most properly so — are men like Judge Loomis, Judge 
 Talcott, George Maxwell, Charles Harris (who somehow 
 I always picture with a fireman's red shirt and trumpet), 
 Gardner Grant, the Talcottville Talcotts. Congressman 
 Henry, George Brown. Mr. Ogden, Mr. Parker, Mr. Symonds 
 — and with them every man who wore the blue. The one 
 or two who seemed to grow backwards into "small pota- 
 toes" as I grew older and gained a better vision, I cannot 
 now recall — I believe none are living. Of contemporaneous 
 little chaps who have become giants — why, I need only call 
 the roll from my various teachers' old record books ! And 
 for the development of the one who first stood before us 
 as a regulation law r student, I have only to point to Hon. 
 Charles Phelps. For the development of the boys who were 
 the first to receive diplomas at the High School, the 
 "Goodell boys," I have only to refer to him who reads the 
 ode today. I never could have aspired to step so jauntily 
 to their level as I have on this occasion, and I must not 
 forget that it was simply as dispenser of chestnuts that the 
 committee boosted me here. 
 
120 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 We boys of the sixties and seventies were on the thres- 
 hold of a new era — a few were already over it. I heard a 
 learned educator the other evening analyzing a Massachu- 
 setts state report and lamenting the present educational con- 
 ditions that surround our youth. He said with sorrow that 
 the present course of studies in our schools did not attract 
 our boys and girls after they had reached the legal age limit 
 of fourteen, and they were glad to abandon their studies. If 
 my recollection of my boyhood days is trustworthy, it is not 
 in that particular that today differs from yesterday. But 
 he went on to say that in this generation the child is de- 
 prived of the home education he or she formerly received, 
 meaning the work about the house and grounds which made 
 girls good housekeepers and boys good jacks at about all 
 ordinary trades. What with bread made by machinery, 
 clothes and dishes washed by machinery, sewing done by 
 machinery and houses cleaned by hose and suction, what is 
 left for a girl but to go to dancing school? And with our 
 kindling wood bought in bundles and bags over the grocer's 
 counter, what is there for the boy but to play baseball? 
 My learned friend treated the subject more seriously than 
 my paraphrase might indicate — as one of the great national 
 problems of the day; and considering the mass of children, 
 by and large, we ought all to watch the experiments in voca- 
 tion schools. I want to acknowledge right now my indebted- 
 ness to my parents for bringing me into the world before 
 the labor-saving devices for children had been invented. 
 Many of you are even better off in this respect than I am. 
 As I say, my boyhood was on the threshold of this new 
 era; a few years and 1 wouldn't have known what it was 
 to split and pile wood and do like chores before I could go. 
 skating or play ball. 
 
 And now, the last vestige of joking aside, what were we 
 village boys learning that can't be learned from any text- 
 books? What were we having instilled into us that would 
 
 i worth more in getting on in life than tearing Milton's 
 "Paradise Lost" into prepositions and adverbs? We were 
 
GEORGE FORSTER, 
 .Member of Committees on Reception 
 and Invitations, Sports, Public 
 Safely. 
 
 FRANCIS !',. SKINNER, 
 Member of the Committees on Sports, 
 Transportation. 
 
 IHX H. ZIMMERMANN, 
 
 Member Committee on Decoration. 
 
 PAUL BRACHE, 
 Member of the Committee on Trans- 
 portation. 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 121 
 
 learning to use our hands and eyes and bodies ; and we 
 were learning to perform heavy tasks for the general family 
 good before we went out for selfish amusement. Some- 
 times, when the fishing was good or the circus unusually 
 well advertised, the parental hand may have seemed relent- 
 less if not cruel, but by holding us to the tasks that some 
 one must perform, we learned to subordinate personal de- 
 sires and we gained also a power of steadfast application 
 which was to help us in our future studies and in earning 
 our daily bread. We know that the youth of today have 
 their annoyances ; we know that the football arena and the 
 tennis court can test their mettle, but if advancing civiliza- 
 tion has reduced the number of practical ways in which 
 their mettle may be tested until it has become a matter of 
 grave national concern, we must grieve as loyal citizens but, 
 in this moment of reminiscence, we may rejoice that we 
 were born when we were. 
 
 "The true man never wishes to be a child again." Ah. but 
 those were halcyon days in the little village. We cannot 
 say that they began and ended then, for our fathers and 
 mothers believe that the real halcyon days were when 
 they were young. But there was then no shriek of whistle 
 on or around "Snip," the Vernon reservoir hadn's been fished 
 dry, arbutus hadn't been uprooted, a boy could consume a 
 whole day in getting to West Street and back. Exchange 
 Building was a skyscraper, Talcott Park was a ball ground, 
 we could coast on almost any street and the girls were al- 
 ways ready to play Copenhagen ! For tight ropes to per- 
 form on we had the cables in "Father" Lewis's quarry right 
 back of the school grounds ; for "run. sheep, run" we had 
 the full sweep from "Snip" down to the Saxony Mill and no 
 trolley in the way. Our chief evening entertainment is re- 
 called by the outdoor vaudeville performance this week. 
 It was given on identically the same spot, near "the hotel," 
 the blazing torches gathering us street Arabs from far and 
 near. There was only one principal performer and he was 
 selling patent medicine or cleanser. Oh, the excitement of 
 
122 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 it when he got one of us up under his light to illustrate 
 the virtues of his bottled stuff — to pull a tooth, bathe a 
 bruise or clean a spot off our coats ! I can see those smoky 
 torches and smell that stuff now, and almost can hear the 
 swear words of some of the village elders when we stepped 
 on their toes. For everybody attended these performances. 
 That village didn't need much law — to our minds. When 
 there was an infraction and a consequent enforcement by 
 Sheriff Paulk or the constables, the whole town knew about 
 it and assembled. The hideous violator was dragged into 
 the damp dungeon hole under a market near Market Street 
 bridge. Of beverages we saw little effect except in the 
 innocent joyousness of our German citizens at the celebra- 
 tions of the Turners in Doane's Grove. Yet there must 
 have been evil within the knowledge of the authorities, for 
 I recall vividly the scene (after no-license had been voted) 
 when great casks were opened near the present Park Place 
 and their amber contents were allowed to flow down the 
 gutters to the canal. And when there was a fire, what ter- 
 ror was struck into our young breasts by those booming 
 factory bells the length of the valley and the shouts of the 
 men running with the machine ! 
 
 Every town has its precious landmarks, and buildings 
 particularly dear to old inhabitants and former residents. 
 Hartford has its Charter Oak Site, but Hartford never had 
 a Talcott's Grove or a Doane's Grove. New Haven has its 
 Hyperion Theater, but New Haven never had a White's 
 ( >pera House. Waterbury has its Roaring Brook and its 
 Naugatuck, but it never had a Hockanum. Bridgeport has 
 its harbor, but it never had a Paper Mill Pond. All those 
 towns are pleasant to live in — for a time ; I know by experi- 
 ence ; but for boys and girls they can't compare with the 
 Rockville we boys and girls knew. 
 
 "Rockville hasn't changed much," so some of the present 
 dwellers say. We old-timers, returning every chance we 
 get, love it all the more on that account. It has changed 
 and just now it is changing so rapidly that we fear most 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 125 
 
 of the old familiar places and things will be obliterated. 
 Then shall we have to center Qur affections upon this beau- 
 tiful Vernon Center which verily changeth not, and in its 
 loveliness cannot be changed except to harm. 
 
 I know the committee never intended that I should get up 
 here and speak "the truth, the whole truth and nothing but 
 the truth," as youthful Senator Noone would phrase it. 
 The whole of it would take the rest of the week. Every 
 one of us has his or her particular memories, cherished and 
 ever with us wherever we may wander. What I was to 
 do, then, was to appear as the representative of the old 
 boys and girls, and to say something which should voice 
 the home sentiment of all of them. The giants of my day 
 may have been the pigmies of the days of some of you, 
 and the pigmies of my day the giants to others of you. 
 Some of us may have different pictures than others of us 
 have of "Father" Lewis' quarry, Putnam's sawmill, the 
 Saxony, the Leeds Mill, the American, the Warp Mill, Paper 
 Mill Pond, Snipsic Lake and even White's Opera House, 
 but we have one thing in common — our fondness for getting 
 back here. Perhaps some of us thought the told town was 
 rather slow when we turned our backs and hurried down 
 the valley to Vernon Depot where we waited only for the 
 next train east or west; but I know that no one will dispute 
 me when I say that those of us who went farthest east or 
 west envy those of us who stopped nearer by because we 
 can the more readily and the more frequently get back here 
 to the old scenes. 
 
 This implies that the atmosphere of the old town was 
 the same for us all. We realize this fact down deep in our 
 hearts ; I see it reflected in the faces of those before me, and 
 it finds expression in the moments when we drop the cele- 
 bration spirit and each communes with himself or herself. 
 It was a Godly town ; it was a town in which the young 
 were carefully guided into the right path. It was a demo- 
 cratic town where the children of the rich and the poor were 
 on the same level, and caste unknown was unknown. It 
 
124 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 was a town of neighbors, for the most part hard-working 
 and thrifty, innocent in their amusements, modest and hum- 
 ble in their disposition, developing the man fiber and the 
 woman fiber which the world stamps as New England. As 
 such a community must be, it was patriotic. There are 
 those of us here whose most vivid recollection still is of the 
 days when men abandoned the loom and the plow to answer 
 the nation's call ; and thank God ! there still are some of 
 those men with us who can hear us proclaim our pride 
 in the record of the town in the Civil War. 
 
 We have much, then, in common memory to be thank- 
 ful for — in the hallowed memories as well as in the rem- 
 iniscence of frolic and fun. Most naturally, therefore, we 
 all of us wish to renew our youth ; we all of us wish to 
 recall and refresh the ideals of our days of worthiest ambi- 
 tion ; we all of us like to pay tribute to the high thinking 
 (if lowly living) of the times past, to the atmosphere cre- 
 ated by such noble men as Winslow and Fisk and Hyde 
 and Kelsey and Bingham and Kellogg and Maxwell and 
 Loomis and Spaulding and Risley and Dickinson — we all 
 of us like to grasp the hands and look into the eyes of those 
 who shared our early joys and sorrows, and of those who 
 blessed us as we went forth. And we all of us commend 
 those who have remained here and those who have come 
 upon the scene since our day, to maintain the old-time 
 standard for the unpretentious, conservative yet ever pro- 
 gressive town of Vernon. 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 125 
 
 PROF. THOMAS D. GOODELL'S COMMEMORATIVE 
 
 POEM. 
 
 The commemorative poem, written by Prof. Thomas D. 
 Goodell of New Haven, a member of the faculty of Yale 
 University and a former Rockville boy, was read by him. 
 
 It follows in full : 
 
 Tpocpela irarpiht ar]/j,epov (f>epa) TcLSe. 
 
 As the Greek youth brought to his nurse a gift, 
 So bring I this thank-offering to our town. 
 
 I. 
 "More room !" said the folk of the river towns. 
 
 Hartford and Windsor and Wethersfield. 
 
 "There's good land east fair crops will yield. 
 Let the Old World fight for outworn crowns. 
 
 We've better to do, building a state 
 Godly and free — and rich, maybe; 
 And if stepmotherly England frowns, 
 She's a long way off!" So they spread o'er the plain 
 Homes and billows of ripening grain. 
 
 And on the hilltop consecrate 
 The house where God's word shall be strictly taught. 
 
 Wheat, rye, and the red gold of Indian corn, 
 W ,T ool and flax, which the women wrought 
 With distaff and spinning-wheel and loom — 
 
 This was their wealth ; and children were born, 
 Many and sturdy, and still there was room. 
 If dwellings were plain and winters were long, 
 They woke in June to the robin's song. 
 
 In the high elm orioles hung their nest, 
 The bobolink's rapture gladden'd the morn. 
 
 And the whippoorwills charm'd their rest. 
 
126 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 II. 
 
 So in these upland fields 
 
 At the valley's eastern bound 
 Time her slow fruitage yields. 
 
 Priest Kellogg, servant of God and man, long crown'ct 
 With love and honor, in yon God's acre sleeps. 
 
 The colonies are states, united, strong 
 
 In hope and promise that to youth belong. 
 From bnipsic still the river leaps 
 
 Unhinder'd, pure, down the cool forest glen. 
 Said men of Vernon, "Now why 
 Need the hurrying waters rush idly by? 
 
 Let them learn our Yankee rule : 'tis when 
 We have done our stent we are free to play. 
 
 Let our wild Hockanum do as we !" 
 They yoked him to mill-wheels, made the spring flood stay 
 
 To help in August drought. 
 He ground their flour, saw'd the forest away ; 
 Then to finer tasks they put him to school, 
 With cotton and paper, silk and wool; 
 
 And he toil'd for all in season and out. 
 Till more helpers were needed, and helpers came 
 From the crowded lands of ancient fame, 
 
 From Europe over the sea. 
 And the village along the busy stream 
 Throve and grew, and began to dream 
 
 ( )f larger things to be. 
 
 in. 
 
 Ah, brethren of the Southland. 
 
 \\ hose fathers, with our own, 
 'Stablisht the dear Republic, 
 
 How keen hath our quarrel grown ! 
 Again with childish wondering eyes 
 
 I see the throng'd street on that July day, 
 
 The waiting coaches, music and banners gay, 
 
CEXTEXX1AL EXERCISES 12" 
 
 And women weeping', while hoarse cheers arise. 
 Now they are gone, first comers to the call. 
 "Three hundred thousand more!" From all 
 War ever takes the best. Cheerly they fare 
 
 On toward Potomac's war-swept banks — 
 Young fathers, from the last kiss of wife and child, 
 And boys too young to know love's wild 
 
 Deep ecstacy and woe, whose foreheads wear 
 
 The mother's chrism of farewell prayer. 
 Tho' stern forced march, Antietam's field, 
 
 And Marye's Heights, and Gettysburg await them. 
 And many shall return no more, 
 Or come in coffined honor, or maimed sore, 
 Their high design and inborn constancy 
 
 And valorous hope elate them. 
 Now each new May let the nation's thanks 
 
 In fragrant bloom fresh wreaths of honor plait them, 
 By whose blood and agony 
 
 The nation's wound was heal'd. 
 
 IV. 
 Peace once more, and the fruitful arts of peace ! 
 
 There know thy strength, my country, there 
 
 Let thy pent youthful vigor dare — 
 Not in fleets nor tropic empire — seek release. 
 Treading new pathways to a nation's glory. 
 Which yet are old as Athens. And Vernon's story 
 
 Shall be true type thereof and prophecy. 
 Here patience, industry, inventive skill 
 Win nature's power to do man's will 
 
 To free mankind and magnify. 
 And whoso buildeth honest work. 
 
 Taking no private gain 
 
 From other's loss or pain. 
 He builds for all time, tho' his deed 
 Aim but to fill the daily need 
 For food and shelter; and no subtle murk 
 
128 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 Of social theory can befog his mind 
 
 Whose hands have earn'd a home. 
 Here Irish wit and German thrift, 
 
 Slavic passion, Italian courtesy, 
 And many an Old World people's special gift, 
 With plain New England common-sense combined, 
 Shall shape a people sane and strong, 
 
 Full-rounded, like St. Peter's dome, 
 Based on the old, unto new heights ascending. 
 Here, too, the ancient Mother Church doth find 
 Her wilful daughters, tho' estranged long. 
 Hands of ungrudging welcome now extending, 
 
 While the firm Hebrew faith still proves its power, 
 
 Eldest, yet ever young, no longer forced to cower. 
 Alike one Father-God they teach, 
 
 And that man liveth not by bread alone. 
 For every word divine he must out-reach 
 
 In searching unafraid. Science and art 
 
 Also are worship, and no lesser part 
 Of our true native heaven-descended speech. 
 And our democracy means equal right 
 For all to climb the spirit's mountain height. 
 Here therefore shall stand open wide 
 
 All paths to ampler life — the treasured lore 
 Of ages, and the swelling tide 
 
 Of incorruptible treasures new from every shore. 
 The hand shall here learn delicate power, the voice 
 
 Grow musical, and homes be beautified 
 With gardens, modest or stately, that all eyes rejoice. 
 And for that sweet forest glen. 
 
 Long lost 'neath streets and factories, 
 Art shall discern a way to compensate — 
 With shapely bridge and planted bank and park again 
 
 Make beautiful, with tamer harmonies, 
 But noble still, what now is desolate — 
 In civic grace the lovely valley recreate. 
 
FRANCIS T. MAXWELL, 
 Chairman of Finance Committee and 
 Member of Committee on Historical 
 Addresses, Events and Relics. 
 
 DAVID A. SYKES, 
 Member of Committee on Public Exer- 
 cises and Committee on Licenses 
 and Privileges. 
 
 FRANCIS A. RANDALL, 
 airman of Advertising, Publicity 
 md Planting Committee, Secretary 
 m Finance Committee, Member of 
 Committee on Licenses and Privil- 
 eges. 
 
 FRANCIS J. REGAN, 
 Member of Committees on Public 
 Safety and Transportation, 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 129 
 
 V. 
 
 Thou little commonwealth, our home, our pride, 
 
 A fairer dawn draws nigh. 
 The ancient Dark is fading; a light breeze 
 Wafts dewy odors, and the trees 
 Their leafy answer softly make. 
 
 Pellucid gold drifts up the morning sky, 
 Song-sparrow and bluebird are awake, 
 
 Soon the full chorus will begin. 
 Bathing the world in music, telling of love. 
 
 Then day shall enter in. 
 With light, with beauty, and with joy, whereof 
 The humblest with the highest shall partake. 
 
 COMMEMORATIVE ADDRESS BY HOX. CHARLES 
 PHELPS. 
 
 Following is the commemorative address by Hon Charles 
 Phelps, president of the Vernon Centennial Committee : 
 
 Vernon, our beloved and typical New England town, has 
 reached its one-hundredth anniversary. "The horologe of 
 time strikes the full century with a solemn chime." and bids 
 us take note of the passing years ; to heed the lessons which 
 were imparted when the infant town was baptized and to 
 recall those which we may have forgotten. 
 
 From modest beginnings, Vernon has assumed an im- 
 portance out of proportion to its area and population. It 
 has taken rank with the most progressive towns of the 
 day and has given a splendid account of its hundred years 
 of progress. The fame of its industries has become inter- 
 national, and although its population numbers less than 
 ten thousand, it is equipped with a free library splendidly 
 appointed, a memorial building, and with site secured and 
 arrangements made for the permanent establishment, in 
 the near future, of a manual training school and a public 
 hospital. 
 
 We are celebrating an event which took place one hundred 
 years ago, but incidently commemorating one which occurr- 
 
130 CEXTEXXIAL EXERCISES 
 
 ed three centuries ago. Between the years 1607 and 1609, in 
 that portion of rural England termed the East Angelican 
 Shires, a body of men with a purpose fixed as fate, pre- 
 pared to leave their native country for the shores of Hol- 
 land. No celebration of this character would be complete 
 without their recognition. They stood for institutions and 
 ideals which made New England history. They kept pace 
 with the progress of independent thought, but were never 
 swerved from their ultimate purpose. Later, when they 
 reached the shores of America, they brought with them 
 the principles of English liberty united to those of Dutch 
 individualism. 
 
 One of the interesting questions of the hour addresses 
 itself to the inquiry whether it is to England or Holland 
 that we are most indebted for the best that remains to 
 us of those institutions founded by the fathers. The town 
 meeting, free public schools, equality of taxation, and the 
 authority of a representative government, are the true prod- 
 uct of English principles united on this soil with those 
 derived from the Dutch Republic. 
 
 What was the ultimate object of those men who largely 
 shaped the thought of our Colonial days? What dominant 
 purpose impelled them to cross dangerous seas and to ex- 
 plore a still more dangerous country? Obstructing forces 
 and real and fancied" persecutions at home were perils of 
 less magnitude than those which awaited them in the New 
 World. 
 
 Under those political conditions existing at the time of 
 their separation, it was impossible for them to enjoy re- 
 ligious and political liberty without incurring personal 
 danger. But they were eager to develop and spread those 
 principles for which they were willing to sacrifice all. With 
 this desire, however, there was bred something of a 
 spirit of intolerance which attempted to force upon others 
 their form of a theocratic government. 
 
 Their purpose aside from this alloy of human fraility 
 was one of the purest and noblest that has ever actuated 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 131 
 
 the deeds of men. They wished to lead Godly lives, and 
 to this end they surrounded themselves with those things 
 which encouraged Godly living. They attempted to put 
 into actual practice their own literal construction of the 
 Bible. They insisted that others should do the same ; 
 sincere piety was to them the test of citizenship. They 
 dreamed of a pure theocracy and laid the foundation for 
 such a structure. They believed it possible to square their 
 entire existence by arbitrary rules wrested bodily from 
 Holy Writ. 
 
 Their ultimate object was impossible, but in their per- 
 sistent search for it they revealed principles of political 
 co-operation which has made their name immortal. Like 
 the alchemist, they sought something visionary, but in that 
 search they gave to the world the results of important and 
 far-reaching experiments. 
 
 We are their heirs, and much of the good which they 
 accomplished is still with us. We are all equal before the 
 law ; the burden of taxation is equitably distributed ; the 
 system of free public schools established, and the old- 
 fashioned town meeting still in vogue. Too much cannot 
 be said in praise of this last-mentioned institution. It is 
 the forum of the people, and if the will of the people does 
 not here find free expression, it is the people's fault. This 
 institution is an exponent of pure democracy which an able 
 American writer once compared to a raft. "Your feet are 
 always in the water," he said, "but you cannot sink." 
 
 We are enjoying the blessings vouchsafed to us by the 
 persistent efforts of a noble ancestry, but with these bless- 
 ings have descended corresponding obligations. To our 
 charge have been committed those principles of government 
 upon which the hopes of a people rest, and upon this anni- 
 versary we may be properly called upon to give an account 
 of our stewardship. We were taught the value of the sim- 
 ple life regulated by the precepts of the moral law ; that 
 personal independence and individualism, properly exercised, 
 were the stamp of character; that the will of the people, 
 
132 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 properly expressed, was the supreme tribunal; that town 
 and county, state and nation, had each its peculiar functions, 
 powers and duties clearly defined and independent thought 
 related ; and that they should experience no conflict and 
 suffer no encroachments. 
 
 Can we truthfully say that we have preserved those con- 
 ditions or that the principles which they represent have 
 not suffered at our hands? Facing the dawn of a new 
 ■century, our answer to the stern inquiry must be in a 
 measure apologetic. The simple life has disappeared and 
 has been supplanted by one of a complex character. The 
 excuse offered is the great and increasing" activity of the 
 age ; the multitude of improvements and inventions impell- 
 ing a degree of progress amazing" and bewildering, and 
 calling for a life of such intense and ceaseless activity as 
 to strain the mental faculties to a dangerous tension ; a 
 life in which no space is left for reflection, meditation or 
 prayer. 
 
 These conditions, exacting and exhausting, are to be de- 
 plored, not only on account of their personal effect upon 
 those involved, but also on account of the sacrifices which 
 must be made along other lines to meet their require- 
 ments. The reflective nature and the poetic temperament 
 have small room in which to develop, when the mind is com- 
 pletely engrossed with the thought of material gain. These 
 conditions partially explain the relatively meager import- 
 ance of the fine arts in the general progress. Poetry and 
 music, painting and sculpture have not kept pace with in- 
 ventions and mechanical devices. 
 
 He who would woo the muses must prosecute his suit 
 for Art's sake, lie cannot be chary of his time, or be en- 
 tirely engrossed by the desire for material wealth. He 
 must develop the reflective faculty and abide his time ; he 
 must wander "far from the madding crowd." 
 
 The tendency of the time leaves little opportunity for 
 such devotion, and even when exercised it is doubtful if 
 it be sufficiently appreciated. Material wealth has been 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 133 
 
 given such undue prominence that men have envied the 
 wearer of the golden rather than of the laurel crown. 
 Money gatherers in their narrow and superficial review of 
 men and affairs have classed the scholar and the pro- 
 fessional thinker as non-productive. 
 
 Consistent with the idea of ultimate attainment, indi- 
 vidualism has been thrust aside, and enormous combina- 
 tions effected, stifling competition and minimizing the 
 force of personal responsibility. The advocates of this 
 departure urge with some truth the material advantages 
 thus derived, instancing the increase and availability of 
 those things which a few years ago were regarded as rare 
 and costly luxuries. Yet, these very conditions lead to 
 extravagance and excess, and no material advantage can 
 compensate for the loss of the personal factor. The ten- 
 dency to combine and centralize has so pervaded all depart- 
 ments of business that the law has been invoked to correct 
 the resultant evils. The Federal government has concerned 
 itself in devising means to forestall the general effect of 
 this centralizing tendency in public service corporations. 
 And right here it may be pertinent to inquire if the gov- 
 ernment, whose aid has been invoked, is itself entirely free 
 from any fault in this direction. Has it drawn to 
 itself powers not originally designed to be exercised by 
 it ; has it in this respect kept intact and inviolate the 
 principles of the fathers ; has it wielded no weapon in this 
 warfare with the alleged evil other than that delegated to 
 it? It must be admitted that the tendency of governmental 
 supervision is to a degree in accord with that of corporate 
 management. Both are systemizing and centralizing their 
 forces ; both are combining all of the elements of power 
 in their control that they may be directed from one author- 
 itative head. Town authority is gradually yielding to the 
 superior power of the legislature, and the authority of the 
 state to that of the Federal government. Such a system 
 naturally establishes great centers of power which disturbs 
 the general equilibrium. It removes from convenient reach 
 and makes it difficult to locate the responsible party, or 
 
134 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 to curtail acts "ultra vires." The very government is thus 
 laid open to the charge that those evils so vehemently 
 declaimed against in corporate management, have crept into 
 our public policies. 
 
 In the closing hours of the first century of Vernon's 
 existence she, in common with New England, is concerned 
 with the question of the conservation of our natural re- 
 sources. The greed and folly of man have dissipated these 
 to an alarming degree. Commercialism and selfishness, un- 
 der the guise of progress, have with ruthless hand laid waste 
 mountain and plain. With utter disregard of those who are 
 to follow us or of those finer feelings which are indicative 
 of appreciation, we on a broad scale are following the 
 example of the spendthrift and the prodigal. Warnings 
 of wisdom and of expert science fall upon deaf ears, or if 
 heard are received with indifference. 
 
 The wooded districts on our mountain sides protecting the 
 sources of our noble rivers and cascades are as much en- 
 titled to our thoughtful care and consideration as the main- 
 tenance of our highways or of any of our erected memorials. 
 Depletion of the soil and exhaustion of mineral wealth occa- 
 sioned by wanton destruction are beginning to show their 
 natural consequences. 
 
 Men in high places have for some years paid little heed 
 to the voice of entreaty or to the note of warning. We 
 are met with the brutal proposition that our children can 
 take care of themselves, or with the arrogant assumption 
 of superior wisdom that when all of these things disappear 
 something better will take their place. 
 
 When the beauty of the noblest and most picturesque 
 waterfall in the world is assailed by those who would use 
 its power for commercial purposes, we are told that this 
 is an age of progress. Those who have followed the 
 discussion of this subject on the platform and in the halls 
 of congress have had occasion to remark the general ab- 
 sence of sentiment from the line of argument. The advo- 
 cates of the measure looking to the conservation of our na- 
 
CEXTEXXIAL EXERCISES 135 
 
 tural resources have perhaps with wisdom urged commer- 
 cial reasons for stemming the progress of destruction. 
 
 And yet what mighty forces emanate from the familiar 
 scenes of "Old New England" ; her hills of picturesque 
 beauty, her numberless waterfalls and cascades, her dells, 
 rivers and streams ! What associations cluster about each 
 of these ! What inspirations come to us from them ! He 
 who could witness unmoved their destruction is of a nature 
 foreign to all principles adduced from the fathers, selfish, 
 heartless, barbaric. He who would destroy them for gain 
 would sacrifice any other temple and lay waste any herit- 
 age. What would be the New England town when all 
 that can speak to us of the past disappear; when material 
 conditions shall be such that if one of the fathers could 
 revisit the old familiar scene, he would fail in recogni- 
 tion of it? What will New England be when conditions 
 compel us to strike from our national hymn the words "I 
 love thy rocks and rills, thy woods and templed hills," as 
 too absurd to be continued longer? 
 
 It is a commentary upon the character of our general 
 patriotism that the president of our republic felt compelled, 
 in the face of this menacing evil, to assemble at Washing- 
 ton the governors of all of the states to consider the adop- 
 tion of some systematic plan which would save us from 
 ourselves. We are thankful, however, that the president 
 had the courage and wisdom to arrange such an assembly 
 under the very eaves of the Capitol and during the session 
 of Congress. This is a good omen and a beneficent sign 
 of the times, for it has already stirred the public conscience. 
 The highest courts of some of our New England states 
 have also moved in the right direction, and when of late 
 appealed to, they have spoken with no uncertain sound. 
 Forestry legislation, the institution of Arbor Day, and the 
 quiet but effective work of the village improvement society, 
 are most encouraging features. 
 
 Every true citizen feels that it is his duty to do something 
 to preserve those things which have been passed along 
 
136 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 to him ; to use them wisely, not to dissipate or destroy 
 them. It becomes his pleasure to help render more secure 
 the blessings vouchsafed to him of a material as well as of 
 a political character. The obligations existing between 
 him and his country are not as some would have us be- 
 lieve, all on one side ; neither can the citizen demand of the 
 government as a matter of right those things which he does 
 not happen to possess. This tendency leads directly to 
 what has been aptly termed "paternalism in government" ; 
 that doctrine which educates the idle and restless to believe 
 that the country owes them support as obligatory as that 
 which rests upon a parent toward a child. 
 
 The words of our late ex-president on this subject are 
 words of wisdom ; he said it is the duty of the citizen to 
 support the government, and not the government to support 
 the citizen. 
 
 The founders of our New England towns laid great stress 
 upon the obligations of citizenship. The duty implied 
 therefrom could never be lawfully shifted to other shoulders. 
 The duty exacted was a stern one, personal and perpetual. 
 
 A government built upon the basis of good citizenship, 
 acknowledging personal obligation, becomes secure in its 
 superstructure. The splendid record of the New England 
 towns is a natural sequence of such a beginning. Person- 
 ality of a high character entering into all departments be- 
 comes the most efficient force in government. Where it 
 exists there is little to be feared from the current evils of 
 corruption, favoritism, boss-rule or monopoly, for the citi- 
 zen makes the state. 
 
 Such was the doctrine of the fathers, and it brings us 
 back to the point of individual responsibility. The town 
 is what the citizens make it ; if its politics are clean it 
 is because its citizens make them so ; if its government is 
 wisely and efficiently administered, it is because its citi- 
 zens arc wise and efficient. 
 
 Let us then dedicate ourselves to the principles suggested 
 and taught in the establishment of a New England town. 
 
GEORGE P. WEXDHEISER, 
 ecretary of Committee on Public 
 Exercises, Member of Committees 
 on Advertising, Publicity and Print- 
 ing, Licenses and Privileges. 
 
 JOHN W. HEFFEROX. 
 Member of Committees on Finance and 
 Public Exercises and Ex-Chief of 
 Rockville Fire Department. 
 
 A. B. PARKER, 
 Member of Committees on Historical 
 Addresses, Events and Relics, Invi- 
 tations and Reception. 
 Died Wednesday, March 3, 1909. 
 
 CHARLES X. McLEAX, 
 Member of the Committee on Public 
 Safety. 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 137 
 
 Let us take a stand in its town meetings on the basis of 
 mutual obligations, and for the principles of personal re- 
 sponsibility. 
 
 COLONIAL BALL. 
 
 The Colonial ball under the auspices of Sabra Trumbull 
 Chapter, D. A. K., commemorating the centenary of the town 
 of Vernon, which was held in Town Hall on Monday evening, 
 June 29, 1908, was the most brilliant social function in the 
 town's history. It was in every way a fitting introduction to 
 the events that followed. 
 
 The Tow r n Hall was magnificently decorated. Green and white 
 were the predominating colors, and American flags were con- 
 spicuous. There was a streamer ceiling, every streamer being 
 edged with a deep ruffle, the green streamer containing a white 
 ruffle and the white streamer a green. The walls were covered 
 with pleated bunting of white all the w r ay around, partly covered 
 with green and white fans, every fan containing a deep green 
 ruffle. The tower was decorated in a similar manner. In the 
 center of the tower was a D. A. R. emblem in between the laurel. 
 
 The stage was made into a balcony, the front being festooned 
 in green and white. The background was green and white with 
 a large sized painting of General Israel Putnam in the center, 
 with large American flags, military draped, on each side. The 
 picture motto contained the words: "He Dared to Lead Where 
 Anyone Dared to Follow." 
 
 The booth in the southeast corner of the hall w r as decorated in 
 white and green, with a large shield in the center, made of red, 
 white and blue with spangled stars. Inside the booth were two 
 flags on staffs near the lieutenant-governors chairs. The gallery 
 was draped in green and white in an artistic manner. The 
 back of the same was draped in white and partly covered with 
 green fans, edged with white ruffles. The pillars on each side of 
 the stage in front were covered with silk banners. On top of 
 each pillar was a shield draped with flags, each shield surmounted 
 by a gold American eagle. On the east side, as one entered the 
 door to the hall, was a refreshment booth draped in green and 
 white in an artistic manner. 
 
138 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 The illuminations were magnificent. Streamers of electric- 
 lights were under the chandeliers, all wound with laurel rope. 
 Streamers also followed the end of the drapery around the side 
 walls. These many white bulbs added greatly to the general 
 effect. The decorating scheme was an original idea of the New 
 England Decorating Company of Kockville, and the electrical 
 effects were furnished by Williams and Goltra of Hartford. 
 
 Sutherland's Foot Guard Orchestra of Hartford" furnished a 
 delightful concert program and music for dancing. 
 
 At 9 o'clock, the Putnam Phalanx, that historic military or- 
 ganization, arrived from Hartford by special car. The members- 
 were escorted into Town Hall by the aides, floor committee and 
 reception committee, led by George E. Sykes and Miss Florence 
 M. Belding. They formed two lines. The members of the Put- 
 nam Phalanx passed through and under an arch formed by the 
 wands of the aides. The Putnam Phalanx were seated in front 
 of the gallery, a section being reserved for them and their ladies. 
 
 Following the reception to the Putnam Phalanx came the 
 reception to Lieutenant-Governor, E. J. Lake and Mrs. Lake. 
 They were escorted by the aides, floor committee and reception 
 committee. Two lines formed at the entrance to the tower, and 
 Lieutenant-Governor Lake, escorted by Mrs. E. H. Preston, and 
 Mrs. Lake, escorted by Colonel Francis T. Maxwell, passed under 
 the wands of the aides, followed by the other members of the 
 reception committee. They were seated in the tower. The 
 aides and members of the floor committee escorted Lieutenant- 
 Governor Lake and Mrs. Lake and Mrs. A. 1ST. Belding, regent 
 of Sabra Trumbull Chapter, D. A. E., and all Daughters pres- 
 ent, to the receiving line in front of the stage, where all were 
 received. As the lieutenant-governor entered the hall the or- 
 chestra played: "Hail to the Chief." Those present arose and 
 remained standing until Lieutenant-Governor Lake took his 
 seat. 
 
 The gowns of the ladies were conceded to be the most elabor- 
 ate ever worn upon any occasion in this section, all being made 
 with the Colonial ball in mind. 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 139 
 
 To the following committees is due the credit for the success 
 of the Colonial ball : 
 
 Committee of General Arrangements — Mrs. A. N. Belding, 
 chairman; Mrs. Robert L. McChristie, Mrs. E. H. Preston, Mrs. 
 A. L. Martin, Mrs. L. T. Tingier, H. H. Larkum, Frank M. 
 Adams, Dr. W. H. Eobinson, George E. Sykes. 
 
 Floor Committee — George E. Sykes, chairman; Frank M. 
 Adams, A. L. Martin, W. A. Howell, Dr. W. H. Eobinson, H. 
 H. Larkum, Harold Loomis, Fred X. Belding, T. W. Sturgeon. 
 
 Aides — Miss Florence M. Belding, chairman; Miss Mildred 
 Orcutt, Miss Gladys Keeney, Miss Katherine Murlless, Miss 
 Edith Hayward, Miss Grace B. West, Miss Ethel West, Miss 
 Edith Harwood, Miss Ruth Tillotson. 
 
 Press Committee — Miss Grace B. West. 
 
 Reception Committee — E. H. Preston, chairman: A. \. 
 Belding, Francis T. Maxwell, A. T. Bissell, Dr. T. F. Rockwell, 
 Robert McChristie, C. E. Harwood, A. P. Hammond, 0. C. 
 West. 
 
 THE AUTOMOBILE HILL CLIMB. 
 
 The automobile hill climbing contest on New England Hill 
 on Tuesday afternoon, June 30, the first event of the kind 
 that had ever occurred in Rockville, was an unqualified success. 
 No feature of the centennial celebration aroused more genuine 
 interest or was more thoroughly enjoyed. It was conceded by ex- 
 perts to be one of the biggest events of its kind ever held in this 
 country. Seventy entries were received, including several of the 
 most famous machines in the country, with drivers of national 
 reputation. For weeks the officers of the Rockville Automobile 
 Club worked hard to make the event a memorable one. President 
 George E. Sykes of the club was the moving spirit and he was 
 a very busy man for two weeks preceding the automobile hill 
 climb. Every precaution was taken to guard against accidents. 
 
 The start, which was a rolling one of eight hundred feet, was 
 made in front of the New England Mill office. The finish was 
 at the telegraph pole on the east side of New England Hill, 
 just around the corner where the road turns off from the New 
 
140 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 England Hill schoolhouse. The course, which was practically a 
 straight one, was about seven-eighths of a mile in length. It was 
 put in first class condition by the city of Rockville, and the 
 day before the hill climb, President George E. Sykes of the 
 Rockville Automobile Club had it covered with calcium chloride 
 to prevent any dust. The course was roped off the entire dis- 
 tance with wire rope. By an order, issued by the adjutant-gener- 
 al of the state, Company C of this city acted as a patrol, the 
 members turning out in uniform. At stated intervals along the 
 course men were stationed with red flags and megaphones. In 
 this manner the time was announced at the grandstand. On 
 the grandstand there were five hundred seats, which afforded 
 the best view of the course. These seats, which were sold for 
 fifty cents, were all taken, and thousands lined the course from 
 one end to the other. It is estimated that ten thousand people 
 witnessed the hill climb. Citizens of the town of Vernon were 
 represented in large numbers, and all the adjoining cities and 
 towns sent large delegations. Never in Vernon's history were 
 there so many automobiles in town. 
 
 The various officials who had charge of the automobile hill 
 climb and to whom great credit is due for the success of the 
 event, were: 
 
 Umpires — William Maxwell, Francis T. Maxwell, Francis J. 
 Eegan, A. N. Belding, L. F. Bissell, Everett J. Lake, E. J. Gar- 
 van, Roy T. H. Barnes. 
 
 Referee — C. H. Gillette, Hartford Auto Club. 
 
 Starter — H. P. Maxim, Hartford Auto Club. 
 
 Scorer — Frank S. Olds, Rockville. 
 
 Timers— S. M. Butler, New York; Philip A. Sayles, New 
 York; George Graham, New York. 
 
 Clerk of the Course — Warren Bartlett, Hartford. 
 
 Assistant Clerks of the Course — C. L. Heath, J. P. Cameron, 
 A. E. Waite, Leslie Badmington, H. F. Loomis, J. W. McManus, 
 William H. Yost, F. N. Belding, Fred J. Snow, William M. 
 Lewis, P. M. Talcott, W. H. Robinson, Arthur D. Sykes, A. L. 
 Martin, II. H. Larkum. 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 141 
 
 FIFE AXD DRUM BY DAY, FIREWORKS AT NIGHT. 
 
 To such as love to hear the shrill note of the fife and the 
 rattle of the dram, Wednesday of Rockville's big week must have 
 been a day of days. With ten corps of fifers and drummers 
 parading the streets, dressed in their varied uniforms, and headed 
 by imposing drum-majors, he must have been a cold-blooded 
 person indeed who failed to get some thrill of military fervor into 
 his veins. The occasion for this gathering of the musical clans 
 was the contest wherein cash prizes were to be competed for. 
 
 The center of interest to the large crowds congregated about 
 Central Park, was the judges stand, where officiated C. M. 
 Ulivieri of Florence, Italy, and Titus Whitehead, a member of 
 Ulivieri's Band. Drum-Major William C. Steele of Hartford, 
 occupied a seat on the bandstand, as an interested spectator. 
 
 Passing in review before the judges, each corps was accorded 
 points on its performance, and general appearance. Both modern 
 and ancient styles of dramming were put in competition, and 
 awards made in each style. The following corps competed, and 
 prizes were awarded as indicated : 
 
 Father Matthew Dram, Springfield, twenty-one men, 
 (modern) $50.00. 
 
 Lancraft Drum, Xew Haven, eighteen men (ancient), $50.00. 
 
 Father Matthew Drum, Hartford, seventeen men, (modern), 
 $25.00. 
 
 Deep River Drum, thirteen men (ancient). $"25.00. 
 
 Plimpton Dram, of Hartford, ten men, (ancient), $15.00. 
 
 McLean Drum, (colored), Hartford, ten men (ancient), 
 $10.00. 
 
 Mansfield Fife and Drum, eighteen men, expenses. 
 
 Buckland Dram, thirteen men, expenses. 
 
 Glastonbury Drum, ten men, expenses. 
 
 Meriden Fife and Drum, fifteen men, expenses. 
 
 Several individual prizes were awarded for snare and bass 
 drumming, fifing, (both old and new style) best drum-major, 
 smartest appearing corps, corps coming longest distance (Deep 
 River) and oldest man in corps. This was John Bolles of Mans- 
 field, aged 73 years, prize $5.00. 
 
142 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 Undoubtedly the real magnet, which brought out the enormous 
 evening crowd, estimated at twenty thousand, was the fire- 
 works display from Fox Hill and Central Park. Although 
 scheduled to start at 9 o'clock, it was 9 :30 before the twenty- 
 four extra-large bombshells were heard echoing and reverber- 
 ating for miles around furnishing a worthy and fitting salute to 
 the visitors. Fifty pounds of red fire fired from three separate 
 points then cast a luminous light over the entire city. The 
 effect was indeed striking. Coupled with the gorgeous decora- 
 tions and the magnificent electrical display, the scene about the 
 center of the city as this red fire was set off, beggared description. 
 The same amount of green fire was also fired from three separate 
 points. 
 
 Fox Hill was reflected as a mountain of emerald fires, a truly 
 wonderful sight. There were many aerial pieces, a fine rocket 
 display, numerous serenaders and a couple of set pieces in Cen- 
 tral Park. The set piece, entitled "Vernon, 1808-1908," sur- 
 mounted by the national colors and displaying the red, white and 
 blue, suspended from one of the lofty elms in the park, was a 
 striking one. The girondolas, the marvelous in fireworks, at- 
 tracted much attention. These consisted of three pieces, placed 
 on ten-foot posts. They rapidly revolved horizontally, display- 
 ing a cascade of gold and silver spangles. Then rising from 
 the post, they flew to a great height. Descending nearly to the 
 ground, they made a second flight into the sky and finally disap- 
 peared with a burst of brilliant stars. An exhibition piece, 
 "Good Night," produced in two-foot letters of gold fire, embel- 
 lished with silver gerbs, brought the display to a fitting close. 
 
 CIVIC, INDUSTRIAL AND MILITARY PARADE; 
 
 FIREMEN'S DAY. 
 What would undoubtedly have been the grand outdoor event, 
 and. crowning triumph of the celebration, could it have been 
 carried out as planned, was the parade organized by Chief Mar- 
 shal Moritz Kcmnitzer, and his corps of hard-working aides. But 
 alas ! for human glory. To vary the proverb, we may say that 
 "the marshal proposes, the weather disposes." As will be well 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 143 
 
 remembered, the parade had hardly gotten under way when 
 torrents of rain descended, and put it out of the question for 
 the program to be carried out. 
 
 The order of the parade was so arranged as to have all in 
 readiness at two o'clock in the afternoon, and the march was to 
 have lasted about one hour and a half. Included in the procession 
 would have been a review, by towTi and city officials, of the fol- 
 lowing: First Regiment, C. 1ST. C, Sons of Veterans, Catholic 
 Societies of the town of Vernon, Knights of Maccabees, Odd 
 Fellows, Free Masons, Foresters, German and Polish Societies, 
 with several bands of music. 
 
 Florally decorated floats, automobiles and business wagons 
 were also in line, and a contingent of private and unattached 
 vehicles were scheduled to bring up the rear. All in all, there 
 would have been presented to the citizens of Eockville and the 
 thousands of visitors making up the largest crowd of the 
 week, a moving picture of the civic, industrial, social and mili- 
 tary life of the community, such as had not been seen in the 
 town's history. 
 
 Co-operating with Chief Marshal Kemnitzer and rendering 
 valuable assistance was a special committee, consisting of Major 
 T. F. Rockwell, Captain James H. Lutton, Ex-Captain Martin 
 Laubscher and Captain Earl D. Church. 
 
 The marshals of the various divisions were : First, Dr. Thomas 
 F. Rockw r ell and Arthur T. Bissell; second, George B. Hammond 
 and A. Leroy Martin; third, Charles Backofen, A. Gunderman, 
 Ignaz Kohn, Charles F. Ludke, Conrad Sachse; fourth, Frank 
 Goscenski; fifth, Fred J. Cooley; sixth, George E. Sykes. 
 
 Firemen's Day, July 4th, was another outdoor event of im- 
 posing proportions; and being favored with ideal weather, the 
 various companies participating made a fine showing, and af- 
 forded the crowds a Fourth of July celebration such as we 
 seldom get. Companies from other towns and cities swelled the 
 ranks; conspicuous among these being the Veteran Firemen's 
 Association of Hartford, with the veteran Hartford fire chief, 
 Henry J. Eaton in line, accompanied by Colt's Band. Special 
 interest was shown in the Norwalk Fire Police, and this was 
 
144 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 increased by the fact of their having at the head John D. Milne, 
 a former Rockville boy. 
 
 Another company receiving special notice was the delegation 
 from Pawtuxet, R. I., which brought back to its home town 
 for this celebration, the old fire-fighter, "Fire King." Associated 
 with the early days of fire protection in Rockville, this piece of 
 inanimate mechanism seemed to possess a soul to those old 
 veterans who marched in company with it, and remembered the 
 runs they had had together in days gone by. 
 
 In striking contrast with the veterans a juvenile company 
 styled "Our Boys," organized by Chief Hefferon and drilled by 
 Charles B. Milne, gave a pleasing variety to the parade, and a 
 promise to the citizens of younger men taking up the work which 
 the old fellows must soon pass down to them. 
 
 The success of the whole parade, in its inception and carrying 
 out, resulted largely from the personal influence of Chief 
 Hefferon, whose wide acquaintance with outside organizations 
 brought about the large attendance, and secured hearty co-opera- 
 tion from all. 
 
 THE INDUSTRIAL EXHIBIT. 
 
 One of the most interesting features of Vernon's centennial 
 celebration was the industrial exhibit in the Maxwell Memorial 
 Library Building. The exhibit was open daily from ten to 
 twelve o'clock in the morning, from one to six o'clock in the 
 afternoon and from seven to nine o'clock in the evening, with 
 the exception of Saturday. It was visited by thousands of people 
 during the week. In great profusion were shown the goods that 
 have made Rockville what it is today, the "Loom City," the place 
 where the finest cloths, the best fish-lines, the daintiest silks in 
 the world arc made. 
 
 In this age of specialization, no longer, as in bygone days, are 
 nearly all of the industries carried on in the farmhouse. No 
 longer does each community manufacture practically all the 
 things it needs. No longer are the flock and the loom, the silk- 
 worm and the spindle within sight of each other. The raw 
 materials are now gathered by railroads and steamships from 
 
HARRY C. SMITH, 
 Secretary Committee on Advertising 
 Publicity and Printing. 
 
 C. DEXISOX TALCOTT, 
 Treasurer Finance Committee of Ver 
 non Centennial Celebration. 
 
 H. H. W1LLES, 
 Member of Transportation and Public 
 Safety Committees. 
 
 MORITZ KEMXITZER, 
 Member of Committee on Public Exer- 
 cises and Chief Marshal of Military 
 and Civic Parade. 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 145 
 
 the corners of the earth, and railroads and steamships distribute 
 the finished product. 
 
 Generally speaking, the people who see the place where the 
 things they use are prepared, are few. Kockville's centennial 
 industrial exhibit was, therefore, a real object lesson that 
 brought enlightenment and education, affording an excellent op- 
 portunity to see, not only the finished jaroducts, but in many 
 instances the goods in various stages of manufacture. Profit 
 and pleasure came to those who inspected the products of Kock- 
 ville's plants. A general summing up of the various exhibits is 
 herewith given: 
 
 M I NTERBURN EXHIBIT. 
 
 This exhibit consisted of a beautiful array of rich, soft effects, 
 produced in a mixture, and double and twist wool cloth that 
 showed the highest type of excellence in design and fabrication. 
 Many novel and delightful effects were produced by the fre- 
 quent and generous use of white silk, combined with the deli- 
 cate grays, tans and olives of the wool mixtures. All cloths shown 
 were of a woolen type of construction, and to the eve the effect 
 was most attractive showing excellent taste and skill in the manu- 
 facture. 
 
 AMERICAN MILLS COMPANY. 
 
 This exhibit occupied all of the space to the right of the 
 entrance of the library, and the tasteful arrangement occasioned 
 much favorable comment. It was the most varied and largest 
 display of fabrics shown by any one concern, including as it did 
 a large and attractive display of carriage cloths, in addition 
 to the regular line of fancy worsteds for men's wear, which the 
 company manufactures. In the exhibit of carriage cloths there 
 were the most novel effects in fancy weaves, and beautiful color- 
 ings in whipcords, Bedford cords, wide and narrow wales and 
 diagonals. In their regular line of fancy worsteds for men's 
 wear, both heavy and light weights of high quality were shown, 
 and the colorings were the new delicate tones of gray, stone 
 and tan, as well as the most complete lines of blues, olives and 
 
146 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 browns, the mixture effects, as well as the skein -dyed fabrics 
 producing a pleasing impression and giving the visitor a clear 
 idea of the scope and great variety of the manufactures of the 
 American Mills Company. 
 
 HOCKANUM, SPRINGVILLE AND NEW ENGLAND 
 
 MILLS. 
 
 The Hockanum, Springville and New England Mills showed 
 a most complete line of fancy worsteds occupying all the space 
 to the left of the entrance on the south side of the room. They 
 maintained their reputation for the production of these fine and 
 high-grade worsted cloths. In their large and tastefully arrang- 
 ed display were represented the high- textured fabrics of the 
 Hockanum and New England Mills and the beautiful soft un- 
 dressed worsted effects of the Springville Mill. The whole was- 
 a bewildering display of modish, up-to-date, stylish fabrics and 
 color combinations, all indicating the highest degree of skill in 
 both structure and design. 
 
 E. J. MARTIN'S SONS' EXHIBIT. 
 
 The northwest corner of the reading room in the Library- 
 Building, where E. J. Martin's Sons, manufacturers of the cele- 
 brated ''Kingfisher" all-silk braided fish-lines, had their exhibit,, 
 appealed to the sportsman. The exhibit bore out the concern's- 
 reputation for excellence, reliability and perfection. All the 
 lines manufactured were shown, in the various sizes, colors and 
 finishes, both on spools and in hanks. 
 
 Cards, with the various lines drawn through them, were handed. 
 to visitors, while description leaflets were given away. The silk 
 of which the lines are made, was also shown, as well as the- 
 machine wiih which the lines are braided. 
 
 The walls were decorated with brook trout, mounted on panels 
 of oak or birch bark, surrounded by skeins of lines. The trout 
 were caught by local men in nearby brooks with Kingfisher 
 lines. 
 
CENTENNIAL EXEECISES 147 
 
 BELDING BEOS. & CO.'S EXHIBIT. 
 
 This firm had a most artistic exhibit of all its products. Not 
 only those manufactured in this city, where spool silk of the 
 various varieties is the specialty, but also embroidery silks and 
 many kinds of all-silk fabrics from the Northampton, Mass., 
 mills, besides piece-dyed satins and taffetas from Belding, Mich., 
 were shown in a tasteful manner. The display, arranged in the 
 form of a dainty booth, the pillars of the booth being made of 
 hundreds of spools of green sewing silk, beginning with dark at 
 the base and gradually growing lighter in shade toward the 
 top. The front was draped in pearl gray satin with festoons of 
 green spool silk, while the background was of Copenhagen blue, 
 sage green and pink. The side walls were made of countless 
 shades of embroidery floss. Within the booth there were about 
 a score of hand embroidered pillows and pictures, some of the 
 latter rare works of art, requiring years of work and being 
 valued at thousands of dollars. Practically the same line of 
 goods was exhibited by this firm at Eockville's centennial indus- 
 trial exhibit, as was shown at the Jamestown exposition in 
 1907. 
 
 In addition to the finished goods there was also shown raw 
 silk, "thrown" silk and silk, gummed preparatory to dyeing. 
 A very interesting feature were the silk worms in all stages 
 of growth, beginning with the eggs, about one sixteenth of an 
 inch long, and ending with the complete cocoon. These were 
 in glass phials. A limited number were given away free. 
 
 WORSTED YAEXS. 
 
 The Arlington Mills Company of Lawrence, Mass., exhibited 
 a fine and comprehensive assortment of worsted yarns. 
 
 The committee, who had the arrangements in charge for the 
 industrial exhibit, consisted of E. F. Badmington, William 
 Maxwell, F. J. Began, M. C. Mason, M. H. White, A. N. 
 Belding, A. L. Martin and Frank Keeney. 
 
148 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 IXDOOE EVENTS, RECEPTIONS, BANQUETS, 
 CONCERTS. 
 
 Never before was the social significance of the many fraternal 
 orders of the town of Vernon and city of Rockville, so brought 
 into prominence as during the centennial week. Lodges vied with 
 each other in keeping open house and making welcome friend and 
 stranger alike. 
 
 The limited space at our disposal does not permit of detailed 
 accounts of these functions, but perhaps some further mention 
 should be made of the reception and banquet given in honor of 
 Most Worshipful Brother, Edward E. Fuller, Grand Master of 
 Masons of Connecticut. This notable event in the history of 
 local Masonry marked also a half-century of existence of Fayette 
 lodge, No. 69, A. F. & A. M., and the anniversary was fitly cele- 
 brated on the afternoon and evening of June 30, 1908, at 
 Masonic Hall. Chief among the incidents of the celebration was 
 the presentation of a watch to Grand Master Fuller, from the 
 lodge; the speech of presentation being made by Lyman T. 
 Tingier. The responsive remarks of Grand Master Fuller, and 
 the series of reminiscences given by Brother E. Stevens Henry, 
 made memorable contributions to the events of the day. 
 
 Amongst all the reunions of the week, both private and public, 
 that of the High School Alumni Association, on Tuesday evening, 
 June 30th, holds a big place in the memory of those who were 
 present. The guest of honor was Prof. Randall Spaulding, first 
 principal of the school, from 1870-1873. Graduates of 1873 and 
 1875 revived bygone history, and welded the chain of association 
 with the events of 1908. A specially interesting feature of the 
 occasion was the opening of the "old building,'' for refreshments 
 and a social chat among the old classmates. The intermingling 
 of the old order and the new gave pleasing evidence of loyalty to 
 school spirit, and of pride in the history of R. H. S. 
 
 "Auld Lang Syne" and "Home, Sweet Home," had never 
 a more heartfelt response to their heart-stirring strains than was 
 evoked at the service in Union Church, Sunday morning of 
 dune 28th. Here gathered about sixty past and present mem- 
 bers of the choir and led the good old hymns, in which the large 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 149 
 
 congregation joined heartily. Added interest was given the ser- 
 vice by old musicians, who played instruments of reed, string and 
 brass, as in the days when church organs were unknown in the 
 town. 
 
 Another of the chief musical events was the organ recital 
 given in Union Church on the afternoon of July 2, by Prof. 
 William Churchill Hammond of Holyoke, Mass., assisted by Miss 
 Ida E. Martin, violinist, Eockville, and Mrs. Marion Murlless 
 Chapin, soprano, of Boston. All three being claimed as Eock- 
 ville artists, it was a fitting combination of home talent which 
 gave pleasure to the large audience assembled. 
 
 The exhibit of curios and historical relics, while not so large 
 as had been planned, proved of great attractiveness to many 
 people, and was open daily throughout the week. 
 
 One of the most useful institutions brought into being for 
 the occasion, was the general information bureau promoted by 
 Manager William M. Lewis of the Eockville Gas and Electric 
 Company. The bureau furnished much valuable assistance to 
 visitors, and helped in every way to make their stay in the city 
 agreeable and free from care. 
 
 Best houses were also established at convenient points; and 
 these afforded rest and comfort to many tired ones during the 
 course of a celebration where so great a demand was made upon 
 the staying power of sight-seers. 
 
 Turn Hall was headquarters for the special events planned by 
 our German citizens; concerts, balls, and other entertainments 
 making up a season of gaiety and rejoicing wherein a great many 
 people took part. 
 
 At Town Hall, many similar scenes were presented. Eecep- 
 tions and balls were given there by the Eockville Baseball Asso- 
 ciation; D. A. B. ; military and firemen; all of which were freely 
 patronized and made the occasion of social display. 
 
150 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 OUTDOOB ATTRACTIONS OF CENTENNIAL WEEK. 
 
 The histories of all people witness to the love of man for 
 show, for diversion, and for spectacular entertainment. And 
 this present history of our town would be incomplete, without 
 some preservation of a record of those lighter features which 
 made "Old Home Week" pleasurable to young and old alike. 
 
 The committee on public exercises spared no effort to assure 
 a season of good humor, and of delight to eye and ear; and the 
 engagement of the Victor Amusement Company hit the popular 
 taste. In this aggregation of talent were animal trainers, acro- 
 bats, dancers, conjurers, and other skilled entertainers, all doing 
 something in their own special line to attract and amuse crowds 
 of holiday makers. A specially interesting artist was Miss Mabel 
 McKinley, then one of the most popular singers on the vaude- 
 ville stage. 
 
 The White City Band, under the leadership of Charles M. 
 Ulivieri, gave a series of concerts well suited to the audiences of 
 a free, outdoor celebration; the popular and the classic styles of 
 music being judiciously alternated, so as "to please all tastes." 
 
 Besides the larger shows, all manner of smaller ones such 
 as have come to be part of every "Midway" catered to the fun 
 or the curiosity of the pleasure seekers. Day and night did 
 these professional amusement makers ply their arts, and it was 
 a person's own fault if she or he had any dull moments. 
 The Connecticut Company rose to the occasion, and produced 
 displays of fireworks. 
 
 Ball games afforded sport to the lovers of the diamond; and 
 a series of athletic events, comprising races and other tests of 
 wind and muscle, took place on the Middle Road, drawing a 
 large crowd. The success of the athletic events was due largely 
 to the committee on sports and R. J. Murphy, who combined 
 experience with enthusiasm. The officials were: Starter, R. J. 
 Murphy; referee, W. J. Murphy; timers, Fred J. Coolev and A. 
 M. Burke: judges, Fred Wbodhall, George B. Milne. Parley B. 
 Leonard and W. A. El holt. 
 
 The July Fourth parade of Antiques and Horribles was made 
 the occasion for a more elaborate display, in keeping with the 
 spirit of the whole week of carnival. 
 
CENTENNIAL EXEltOISES 151 
 
 FINANCING THE CELEBRATION. 
 
 To properly finance Vernon's centennial celebration was no 
 easy task. It required an untold amount of hard work, but 
 there was a noble and generous response on the part of residents 
 and former residents of the town. Contributions were received 
 through the local papers, coming from all parts of the country. 
 The first local subscription came from the Eockville Leader, the 
 originator of the idea of a one-hundredth birthday party for the 
 town of Vernon. Its contribution was $100. To Howard K. 
 James of Alameda, Cal., belongs the honor of being the first 
 out-of-town contributor. All the local mills gave' liberally and 
 there were many popular subscriptions. Nearly $8,000 was 
 raised as the result of careful planning and perfect system. A 
 detailed account of all receipts and expenditures was kept by 
 Treasurer Parley B. Leonard of the general committee. The 
 sum of $1,800 was appropriated from the town treasury to aid 
 the centennial celebration. There remained a substantial bal- 
 ance on hand after all bills were paid. No enterprise of this 
 nature was ever more ably and successfully financed than was 
 the Vernon centennial of 1908. 
 
 A synopsis of the treasurer's report follows : 
 RECEIPTS. 
 
 Town of Vernon $1,800.00 
 
 Subscriptions 4,130.75' 
 
 Advertising 1,751.08 
 
 Privileges 290.00 
 
 Total $7,971.83 
 
 EXPENDITURES. 
 
 Advertising and publicity $1,476.98 
 
 Auto contest 200.00' 
 
 Invitations and receptions 92.20 
 
 Finance 24.00 
 
 Public exercises 3,717.22- 
 
 Lights 1,861.91 
 
 Sports 93.15 
 
 Cash on hand 506.37 
 
 Total $7,971.83: 
 
152 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 Official Program, "Old Home Week." 
 
 June 28th to July 4th, Inclusive. 
 
 SUNDAY, JUNE 28. 
 
 Morning — Special services in all the churches, sermons by 
 former pastors and singing of old-time hymns. 
 
 Afternoon — Eendition of famous oratorio, "The Creation," in 
 Union Church. 
 
 Evening — Oratorio will be given second rendition, with solo 
 parts by distinguished New York Artists, Orchestra, and 
 Chorus of one hundred and twenty-five voices. Historical 
 address at St. John's Church by Rev. Dr. Samuel Hart, 
 Dean of Berkeley Divinity School and President of Connec- 
 ticut Historical Society. Solemn High Vespers at St. 
 Bernard's Church, with sermon by Rev. Edward Flannery 
 of Hazardville. 
 
 MONDAY, JUNE 29. 
 
 Afternoon — Opening exercises at Vernon Center (mother settle- 
 ment of the town), in historic Congregational Church, built 
 in 1826, with following program: 1, Music; 2, Invocation; 
 3, Address of welcome by Parley B. Leonard, Esq., first 
 selectman of the Town of Vernon ; 4, Reading of Act of the 
 General Assembly creating the Town of Vernon, by Francis 
 B. Skinner, Esq., town clerk; 5, Music; 6, Historical Essay 
 by C. Denison Talcott, Esq. ; 7, Music ; 8, Reminiscences, by 
 Captain Charles W. Burpee of Hartford; 9, Centennial 
 poem, by Prof. Thomas D. Goodell of New Haven; to. 
 Music; 11, Commemorative address by Hon Charles Phelps. 
 President of Vernon Centennial Committee; 12, Benediction 
 Following the exercises in the church there will be a Band 
 Concert and social gathering on green in front of the church. 
 
 Evening— Grand Colonial Bal] in Town Hall, under auspices of 
 Sabra Trumbull Chapter, 1). A. R. Grand Ball at Turn 
 Hall. Opening of Electrical Display and Illuminations; 
 
CHARLES BACKOFEN, 
 Treasurer of Committee on Advertis- 
 ing, Publicity and Printing. 
 
 PROFESSOR THOMAS D. GOODELL. 
 
 Member of first graduating class of 
 Rockville High School. Wrote com- 
 memorative poem for Vernon's cen- 
 tennial celebration. 
 
 CAPTAIN CHARLES W. BURPEE, 
 Of Hartford. Former Rockville boy 
 who took part in literary exercises 
 
 during centennial week. 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 153 
 
 Band Concert; Vaudeville, and Midway, on East Main 
 Street. 
 
 TUESDAY, JUNE 30. 
 
 Afternoon — Automobile Hill-Climb Contest, Vernon avenue, at 
 two o'clock. Athletic sports, including foot races, sack races, 
 climbing greased pole, etc. Ball game on Union Street 
 grounds, Rockville vs. Middletown, champions of Middlesex 
 County League. Balloon Ascension ; Band Concert ; Vaude- 
 ville, and Midway. 
 
 Evening — Meeting of Alumni of Eockville High School, with 
 grand reunion. Reception and banquet tendered by Fayette 
 Lodge, No. 69, A. F. & A. M., to M. W., Edward Fuller, M. 
 W., Grand Master of Masons in Connecticut. Ball in Town 
 Hall. Electrical display and Illuminations; Band Concert; 
 Vaudeville, and Midway. 
 
 WEDNESDAY, JULY 1. 
 
 Afternoon — Fifers' and Drummers' convention and contest. 
 Ball game on Union Street grounds, Rockville vs. Bristol 
 Balloon Ascension; Band Concert; Vaudeville, and Midway. 
 
 Evening — Grand pyrotechnical display, furnished by Clarence 
 D. Holt, former Rockville resident. Band Concert; Midway, 
 and Vaudeville; Electrical display and Illuminations. 
 
 THURSDAY, JULY 2, 
 
 Morning — Baseball game on Union Street grounds between 
 Rockville and Springfield State League team, (game will be 
 preceded by parade of the players of the two teams in autos, 
 headed by band). 
 
 Afternoon — Baseball on Union Street grounds, Rockville vs. 
 Springfield State League team. Balloon Ascension; Band 
 Concert; Vaudeville, and Midway. 
 
 Evening— Rockville Baseball Association's reception to players, 
 entertainment, and ball, in Town Hall. Band Concert; 
 Vaudeville, and Midway ; Electrical Display and Illumina- 
 tions. 
 
154 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 FRIDAY, JULY 3. 
 
 Afternoon — Grand military, civic and industrial parade, ending 
 with Centennial Drill under the direction of Moritz Kem- 
 nitzer. Band Concert; Balloon Ascension; Vaudeville, and 
 Midway. German Entertainment at Turn Hall. 
 
 Evening — Grand military ball at Town Hall. German enter- 
 tainment at Turn Hall. Band Concert; Vaudeville, and 
 Midway ; Electrical Display and Illuminations. 
 
 SATURDAY, JULY 4. 
 
 Morning — Parade of Antiques and Horribles. Band Conceit. 
 
 Afternoon — Firemen's muster. Baseball, Rockville vs. Stafford. 
 Balloon Ascension; Band Concert; Vaudeville, and Midway. 
 
 Evening — Firemen's ball in Town hall. Band Concert; Elec- 
 trical Display and Illuminations; Private Display of Fire- 
 works; Vaudeville, and Midway. Exhibit of historical relics 
 and curios each day. Industrial exhibit each dav. 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 155 
 
 Some Press Comments 
 
 TOWN AND CITY CREDIT TO OLD CONNECTICUT. 
 
 Bristol celebrated her centennial in 1883. Now it's Vernon's 
 turn. That is really the ancient and official town name, but 
 Rockville is the modern expression. "Old Home "Week" has 
 meant something there this week, and its observance has been 
 carried out in a spirit of genuine hospitality and hearty welcome. 
 We extend our congratulations to Vernon-Rockville. Both 
 town and city are a credit to old Connecticut. Progress and 
 enterprise and many other good things dwell there. — Bristol 
 Press. 
 
 IT IS A BETTER PLACE TO LIVE IN 
 
 There is no overestimating the value and importance of these 
 centennial and bi-centennial celebrations through the state. They 
 revive patriotism, encourage public spirit, and make in many 
 ways for good citizenship and human progress. The town of 
 Vernon is now engaged in this stimulating sort of entertain- 
 ment. Elsewhere this morning we publish the addresses of 
 yesterday, each of them worthy of a wide reading. The historical 
 sketch by Mr. Talcott covers most interestingly the development 
 of the place and its progress into a most important manufac- 
 turing center. Captain Burpee tells entertainingly of various 
 occurrences in the life of the town. And State Attorney Phelps, 
 with his commemorative address, sounds the call to duty in an 
 impressive and noteworthy oration. All the literary exercises are 
 evidently on a high plane, and the occasion is a memorable one. 
 Rockville, the industrial center of the town of Vernon, is one 
 of the greatest woolen producers in the world and the quality of 
 its goods is proverbially fine. The citizens who have grown rich 
 with its development are constantly doing in one way and 
 another for the town, steadily making it a better place to live in 
 and sharing their success with their fellow-townsmen. — Hartford 
 Courant. 
 
156 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 OUGHT TO BE PKOUD OF MAGNIFICENT SUCCESS. 
 Vernon's big centennial celebration came to a close Saturday 
 night, and il is now a matter of history. It will be remembered 
 as the greatest and most successful event ever taking place in 
 the town. Hereafter when occasion arises to fix the time of any 
 particular event reference will be had to its having been before 
 or since the Vernon centennial. The attention of the entire 
 state was centered on Vernon and Eockville last week. The 
 magnificent scale upon which the town observed its 100th 
 birthday will be the talk of everyone within a radius of many 
 miles for a long time to come. Visitors were amazed at the 
 elaborateness of everything; things were conducted on a scale 
 that would have done credit to a place four times our size. The 
 decorations and attractions were far beyond the expectations of 
 the hosts of people who came to attend the festivities. Former 
 residents who had not been in this city for years, came back for 
 "Old Home Week." meeting old acquaintances and reviving old 
 times and incidents. It was a great time for Eockville and 
 everybody who had anything to do with planning and carrying 
 out Vernon's centennial ought to feel proud of the magnificent 
 success achieved. — Rockville Journal. 
 
 EXCELLED ALL EECOEDS AND EXCEEDED ALL 
 ANTICIPATIONS. 
 
 The big centennial celebration is now a matter of history, and 
 Vernon (Eockville) has excelled all records and exceeded all 
 anticipations. This might sound egotistical were it not a fact 
 that it is the plain truth, corroborated by every one 
 who witnessed the celebration. Today the town of Vernon 
 stands higher in the estimation of the public than it ever stood 
 before As we look back it is difficult to name an event which 
 should have been omitted or a feature which should have been 
 added. A week's celebration has been held, covering every point 
 which such a celebration should cover, dignified and formal, 
 where dignity and formality were appropriate, informal, happy 
 and homelike at all oilier times. From the outset doubt had been 
 expressed whether a town the size of Vernon could keep up the 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 157 
 
 pace for an entire week of carnival. There is no longer any 
 doubt. From the very first day of the celebration until the last 
 day the pace was maintained. The populace and outsiders 
 crowded the streets day and night throughout the entire week 
 and joined in the rejoicings with the abandon of Xew Orleans 
 at the Mardi Gras. There was something doing every minute. 
 It was indeed a strenuous week, and when the windup came late 
 on Saturday night there were undoubtedly a whole lot of tired 
 people in Eockville, but not one of these regretted that the cele- 
 bration had taken place, although possibly some of the number, 
 if they were going to do it all over again, would bring it to an 
 end in three or four days, instead of continuing it for a week. 
 
 Aside from the entertainment and enjoyment features of Ver- 
 non's centennial celeb ration, there have been other features which 
 cannot fail to benefit the town. Eockville is known today from 
 one end of the state to the other. Indeed, her name is being 
 mentioned and her praises sounded throughout Xew England. 
 Every person who has visited the city from near and far, (and 
 there have been people from every part of the country here during 
 that week) has advertised Eockville, has had a good word to 
 say of the civic pride and public spirit of her citizens. Although 
 small in size, everyone today is satisfied that Eockville can do 
 big things — things that cities much larger could not do one whit 
 bettor. 'Without desiring to boast, it can truthfully be said that 
 Eockville's centennial celebration will compare favorably, yes hold 
 its end up, with any of the big celebrations that have been held 
 hereabouts in the last twenty-five years. 
 
 Nature has done much for Eockville. Conditions here are ideal 
 for such a celebration as was planned for the centennial of the 
 town of Vernon. There isn't another city in Connecticut better 
 adapted from a show standpoint for a centennial celebration than 
 Eockville. With its beautiful greensward in the center, its triple- 
 terraced streets, and its ideal spot for a midway, (East Main 
 street), everything can be seen to advantage. It wasn't necessary 
 to turn Eockville upside down to convert it into a show place. 
 The spectacular and show features were kept within a very 
 limited area. The center of Eockville certainly looked grand. It 
 
158 CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 
 
 was a delight for visitors to walk up and down the main street 
 and pass along the midway by night, and thousands and thou- 
 sands who did it night after night were carried away with the 
 effect produced by the decorations and illuminations. They did 
 not tire of them, and kept coming night after night. Ask any 
 "Old Home Week" visitor what he thinks of Eockville and you'll 
 get an answer that will make you feel proud. It's the unanimous- 
 opinion of all who spent any time in the city during "Old 
 Home Week" that Eockville's welcome and hospitality were of the 
 18 karat kind and all wool and a yard wide. There was nothing 
 lacking in welcome and hospitality and the city never looked 
 prettier. 
 
 By way of review, it should be said that Vernon's centennial 
 celebration was not only carefully planned and w r ell financed, but 
 splendidly conducted, with every contingency provided for and 
 no detail, however minute, escaping attention. Of course it isn't 
 likely that everyone was satisfied with everything that took 
 place or some things that didn't take place, but generally speaking 
 there was little criticism and practically no fault-finding. The 
 townspeople marveled at the magnitude of the celebration once 
 it was under headway. To the men who labored so hard and 
 faithfully, not only during that week, but during the eight 
 months of preparation, they did not hesitate to award a full 
 measure of credit, realizing that it w-as a big undertaking that 
 demanded self-sacrifice and called for ceaseless toil. It's a good 
 thing for the town that Vernon had the men capable of carry- 
 ing out the undertaking and willing to do the work necessary 
 to make it a success. It w r as new r work to most of them, but 
 they never faltered, and from the outset displayed a spirit of 
 enthusiasm and resistless energy that spelled success. Judging 
 by the verdict of those of the city's guests during the week, who 
 have travelled much and participated in such events, the great 
 enterprise was a success. 
 
 Some special points should be noted regarding the celebration. 
 Perfect order was maintained during the entire week. Over 
 100,000 people occupied our streets, and there was no disturb- 
 ance, no violence or theft, no accident of any kind, and a notice- 
 
CENTENNIAL EXERCISES 159 
 
 ableable absence of drunkenness. That such admirable order 
 prevailed is a credit to our town and its visitors, and this com- 
 munity owes a debt of gratitude to the committee on public 
 safety, of which Mayor Forster, as chief of police, was an active 
 member, and to the police department. Too much praise cannot 
 be given to Captain Edward J. Kane and his men for 
 the discipline and order they maintained during the week of 
 immense crowds. Taking everything into consideration, it is 
 certainly marvelous that there wasn't trouble during the week. 
 Captain Kane and the men under him were onto their jobs, so 
 to speak, every minute, day and night. Both the active head 
 of the police department and the officers seemed to take pride 
 in their work. They did really more than they were called upon 
 to do, realizing that it was an unusual time — a time when too 
 much care could not be exercised. The good nature of the 
 thousands of centennial celebrants materially aided the police in 
 their work, but they controlled the situation from start to finish 
 in great style. — Rockville Leader. 
 
 LONG LIVE EOCKVILLE AND VERXOX. 
 The Vernon centenary and "Old Home Week" festivities at 
 Rockville are bringing great throngs of people there. The 
 weather has favored Vernon and Rockville splendidly in this 
 celebration. Manchester has contributed a generous quota of 
 visitors to all the attractions at Rockville this week. Wednesday 
 night the fireworks display brought record crowds to Rockville. 
 The display was a credit to Rockville. AVe certainly take off 
 ■our hats to our enterprising neighbors in Rockville. Their 
 celebration is a grand success and they are covering themselves 
 all over with glory. Long live Rockville and Vernon. — South 
 Manchester News. 
 
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