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HISTOR^IC 
 
 CLAILEMONT 
 
 NEWYORK 
 
 THE WARMEST 
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 ILLUSTRATING VARIOUS INCIDENTS 
 AND PLACES ROUND ABOUT 
 
 HISTORIC GLAREMONT 
 
 GLAREMONT HEIGHTS 
 RIVERSIDE DRIVE, NEW YORK CITY 
 
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 AUG 6 90/ 
 
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 N the twilight of a September evening, nearly three hundred 
 years ago, came Hudson's good ship the "Half Moon," to 
 "a very good land to fall in with, and a pleasant land to 
 see," as its commander refers to it in the log. 
 
 This same quaint old log-book of the "Half Moon" 
 describes the land as "very high and mountainous" and the river as 
 "full of fish." It speaks of "very loving people and very old men," 
 and of "a house constructed of oak bark and circular in shape, so that 
 it had the appearance of being built with an arched roof." 
 
 "The land," says Hudson, "is the finest for cultivation that I ever 
 in my life set foot upon, and it also abounds in trees of every description. 
 The natives are very good people, for when they saw that I would not 
 remain, they supposed I was afraid of their bows, and taking the arrows 
 they broke them in pieces and threw them in the fire." Such were the 
 evidences of hospitality three hundred years ago, and on the crest of one 
 of the wooded hills, two leagues from the mouth of the river and on the 
 right bank, stands a hostelry where guests are to-day as warmly wel- 
 comed, if not in the same manner. 
 
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 1609— HENDRICK HUDSON'S "HALF MOON" 
 
 
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 HE end for shipping to go " 
 was the report of the small 
 boat expedition sent ahead 
 of the "Half Moon"; and the log 
 continues, "for they had been up 
 eight or nine leagues and found but 
 seven foot water and unconstant 
 soundings." The little high pooped, 
 flat bottomed Dutch yacht and its 
 daring commander had failed in 
 their mission; the passage to India 
 and the east, the search for which 
 had lured Columbus onto the un- 
 known sea a century before, was 
 still unfound. 
 
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 1776 — BATTLE OF HARLEM HEIGHTS 
 
 THIS historic year witnessed 
 the Battle of Harlem Heights. 
 The British troops were gath- 
 ered on Claremont Hill. Across 
 the "Hollow way," now partly 
 spanned by the viaduct, were the 
 Americans. The derisive notes of 
 a fox horn floated across to the 
 "rebel" lines; the game was run 
 to cover. But Knowlton and his 
 rangers were flanking the British, 
 skirting along what is now Broad- 
 way, and Nixon with 150 men was 
 tempting the redcoats into the Hol- 
 low. The fox turned, and the day 
 was won for freedom. 
 
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 1807 — FIRST TRIP OF FULTON'S "CLERMONT' 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 THE paddle, the wind, and 
 then — steam. It was thought 
 ridiculous when Fulton and 
 Chancellor Livingston applied to 
 the New York State legislature for 
 exclusive right to navigate the 
 waters of the state by steam, and 
 the tenure would probably have 
 been made for a hundred years 
 with as little thought as it was then 
 made for twenty. " Fulton's folly," 
 they called it, but the Httle " Cler- 
 mont" steamed from New York, 
 passing those on Claremont Hill 
 who believed in her, fled from on 
 all sides by superstitious boatmen, 
 and reached Albany in thirty-two 
 hours. 
 
1856-CLAREMONT AS A RO AD HO USE-From a Photograph 
 
 1 
 
 8 
 
 IT was in this year that Clare- 
 mont became a famous road- 
 house with one Edmund Jones 
 as proprietor, and the reign of pub- 
 lic hospitality then began. South- 
 ward stretched the fine Dutch farms 
 and the wheat fields which saw the 
 finish of the Battle of Harlem 
 Heights. For many years a private 
 residence, Claremont first became 
 historic in 1816 through its occu- 
 pancy by Joseph Bonaparte, ex- 
 king of Spain and brother to the 
 great Napoleon. We may be sure 
 that he counted among his visitors, 
 Louis Philippe, Lafayette, and Tal- 
 leyrand, who were frequenf guests 
 at the Jumel mansion nearby. 
 
HE historic associations of Claremont are not memories 
 only. A few steps to the south, the east or the north 
 bring us to still standing monuments of the history of our 
 country. The Hudson still sweeps past the high hill 
 crowned by historic Claremont, but the " Hollow way " is 
 in part spanned by the great viaduct. Beyond this still stands the 
 historic Jumel mansion on 161st Street east of St. Nicholas Avenue. 
 Coming south along "the lane," now Broadway and Claremont Avenue, 
 through which the British chased Reed and Knowlton in the first 
 skirmish of the Battle of Harlem Heights, we come to the still uncut 
 "Point of Rocks" at 127th Street and Convent Avenue, from which 
 Washington and his generals watched the battle. Lower down by a few 
 blocks stands Columbia University, dating from 1746. At 110th Street 
 and Morningside Heights stands the slowly growing arch of the great 
 cathedral of St. John the Divine, and still farther south and west stretches 
 Riverside Drive, with the Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument at 89th Street 
 and some of the most beautiful houses of the city. Thus are memories of 
 the past combined with the promises of the future. 
 
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THE LIBRARY, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 
 
 
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 Entrance 
 
 Barnard 
 
 College 
 
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 COLUMBIA had its inception in a lottery, the holding 
 of which Governor Clinton authorized in 1746. Eight 
 years later Dr. Samuel Johnson, of Stratford, Con- 
 necticut, was called to the presidency of "King's College," 
 as it was then known, and on ground at Park Place and 
 West Broadway given by the Corporation of Trinity 
 Church, the great work began. The institution moved to 
 its present location in 1897. To-day its grounds extend over 
 six city blocks, its buildings include the beautiful domed 
 Library, halls for both collegiate and university studies, and 
 the newly built Dormitories. West of Columbia lies Barnard 
 College, which stands among the foremost of educational 
 institutions for women. 
 

 i V 
 
 SOLDIERS' AND SAILORS' MONUMENT 
 
 RIVERSIDE PARK, which fittingly crowns the right 
 bank of the Hudson, is distinguished by two unusual 
 structures. Grant's Tomb and the Soldiers' and 
 Sailors' Monument. The latter, at 89th Street, was erected 
 in 1902 to the memory of the brave Union men who died 
 in the Civil War. The approach, the great bronze based 
 flagpole, and the hundred foot monument itself form a fitting 
 memorial. To the north and south stretches the drive 
 with its palatial mansions, that of Mr. Charles M. Schwab 
 at 73d Street being the only residence in the city which 
 occupies an entire block. 
 
 
 ■"""■•'^tesiySiil* 
 
 Residence 
 
 Mr. Chas. M. Schwab 
 
CATHEDRAL OF ST. JOHN THE DIVINE 
 
 LOOKING east from Broadway, at 112th Street may be 
 seen one of the great supporting arches of the new 
 Episcopal Cathedral, the cornerstone of which was 
 laid in 1892. The final cost of the work has been estimated 
 at ten million dollars, and the time required to finish it, a 
 century. The structure crowns Morningside Heights, 
 alluded to by ex-Mayor Low as "The Acropolis of the New 
 World." In contrast to the vast pile in size, if not in beauty, 
 is the newly built St. Paul's Chapel of Columbia University 
 on Amsterdam Avenue east of the library. Seating nearly a 
 thousand persons, the Chapel conforms in size and architec- 
 tural treatment to the surrounding buildings. 
 
 Chapel 
 
 Columbia 
 
 Univerfiity 
 
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 THE Jumel Mansion is one of the most interesting his- 
 toric houses of the city. Built in 1758 by Roger 
 Morris, Esq,, its royalist owner lost possession of his 
 estates during the Revolution, and the house was used as 
 Washington's Headquarters, and later was the home of 
 Aaron Burr. In 1810 it became the property of Stephen 
 Jumel, and in those days of social renaissance saw royalty 
 among its guests. The Jumels added to its furniture speci- 
 mens from the Tuileries which had been owned by 
 Napoleon. To-day the house, recently acquired by the 
 City, has been turned over to the Daughters of the Ameri- 
 can Revolution, and is the depository of many historic 
 relics. 
 
 In 
 
 Revolutionary 
 
 Days 
 
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 IVERSIDE DRIVE sweeps northward, with its spreading 
 trees and its ample walks and bridle path, past Grant's 
 Tomb to Glaremont. The house stands on a beautiful 
 sweep of high land, just north of the tomb, nestled among 
 the great elms on the hilltop. One enters first the central 
 room and office, with its heavy furniture and decorations of great antlers, 
 and various relics and old prints of both former and more recent historic 
 times. The piazza encircles the house, and either there or in the 
 gardens may be put to the test "The warmest welcome of an Inn." 
 The view to the north comprehends the whole sweep of the Hudson 
 and the lordly Palisades. The house faces the wooded Jersey shore, 
 while to the south beyond the garden rises Grant's Tomb, and the 
 Hudson is visible almost in the whole of its course down past the city. 
 Glaremont is visited daily by hundreds who stop either for a glimpse 
 of history or for refreshment. The cuisine is unsurpassed; live trout 
 are brought direct from the hatcheries and kept in the fountain in the 
 garden. During the shad season, Glaremont sets its own nets in the 
 river just at hand. 
 
HE white granite tomb of General Ulysses S. Grant, 160 
 feet in height and 300 feet above the surface of the Hud- 
 son, is just south of Claremont. It was constructed at a 
 cost of $600,000 and dedicated in 1897. The body of the 
 famous general, which had for several years rested in a 
 small, temporary structure on the hillside just at hand, found a final 
 resting place in one of the twin sarcophagi in the crypt, and not many 
 years after the body of his wife was placed beside him. 
 
 The one-time Chinese Ambassador to the United States, Li Hung 
 Chang, contributed a mark of interest to this historic spot. Directly 
 behind the tomb stands a tree which he planted in 1897 to the memory of 
 the American hero, and a bronze tablet bears in Chinese and English his 
 tribute to General Grant. 
 
 The tomb stands upon historic ground, and it seems most fitting 
 that it should stand where, during revolutionary times, our forefathers 
 sowed the seed of the Union, winning on this very spot the Battle of 
 Harlem Heights. At that time there stood upon this exact location the 
 country residence of one George Pollock, to which he gave the name 
 of Monte Alta; and close at hand was entombed the body of one of 
 his children. The little fenced in monument bears the inscription : 
 *• Erected to the memory of an amiable child, St. Claire Pollock. Died 
 15 July, 1797, in the fifth year of his age." 
 
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 Tomb of " An 
 Amiable Child" 
 
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 GRANT'S TOMB, RIVERSIDE DRIVE 
 
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 HE gardens of Claremont are the pride of the city. They 
 offer opportunity for rest and refreshment, whether it be 
 for the party "en route" for the open country north of the 
 city or for the formal and elaborate dinner. Here have 
 been enjoyed many private social functions, receptions, 
 wedding breakfasts and kindred entertainments, and there are many 
 prominent in the social, financial, naval, military and diplomatic world 
 who have been glad to avail themselves of the unique facilities which 
 the house, the grounds and the management, afford to all who seek the 
 hospitality of Claremont. 
 
 The old world abounds in the out-of-door places of a similar nature, 
 where rest and refreshment may be had in an environment close to 
 nature, but there is probably no other place in the world where a 
 majestic river, a picture shore-line, landscape gardening, beautiful trees 
 and velvety lawns combine with all that inner man can suggest. 
 
 Claremont has often been the scene of municipal entertainment. 
 In 1897 a luncheon was given to President McKinley and five hundred 
 guests; in 1899 a breakfast to Admiral Dewey and four hundred 
 guests. On this latter occasion the menu, linen, silver and china bore 
 a special coat of arms combining the word "Claremont" with the 
 seal of the City and the four stars betokening the rank of Admiral, 
 and is still in use as the emblem of Claremont. 
 
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 UNDER THE ELMS AT CLAREMONT 
 
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 Under the spreading elms of 
 the west garden, the view is un- 
 surpassed. The air sweeps up 
 from the river and is always re- 
 freshing. The "bite to eat" is 
 here served in the open beside the 
 splashing fountain, and with all the 
 care and daintiness that distin- 
 guishes the hospitality of " Historic 
 Claremont." 
 
HE interior decorations of Glaremont are of unusual interest. 
 The mural treatment lends itself to the varied collection of 
 pewter, brass and pottery. Particular attention is called 
 to the unique collection of etchings by W. Dendy Sadler 
 and Herbert Dicksee. Those by the former artist form 
 a complete collection of his work, depicting for the most part domestic 
 scenes in Old England, while the Dicksee collection, depicting dogs and 
 children, is one of the few complete collections in America. The etchings 
 are tastefully disposed throughout the entire house and particularly on 
 the stairway. There are also many examples of furniture of those good 
 old days of our forefathers, when honest labor combined with an artistic 
 sense in examples which have outlived their makers. 
 
 The ground floor and piazza offer facilities for the entertainment 
 of the public, while private parties may find on the upper floors small 
 dining rooms decorated to accord with certain periods or types. The 
 Mission Reading Room, opening on the stairway, contains books of a 
 nature appropriate to the historic associations of the place, and from this 
 room opens the west upper veranda. Turn where you will, the picture 
 is never twice alike; indoors decorative attractions galore, and out of 
 doors, the beauty of the place itself, particularly late in the afternoon, 
 as the sun sinking behind the Palisades, lengthens the shadows on the 
 landscape. The outlook from every point is unusually attractive. 
 
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THE COLONIAL GARDEN AT CLAREMONT 
 
 The Colonial Garden at Clare- 
 mont is unique. In it are thirteen 
 tiny shelters, each named after 
 one of the original states. They 
 vary in size to correspond to the 
 relative sizes of the states. Penn- 
 sylvania, the Keystone State, is 
 represented by the arch and sur- 
 rounding ground at the end of the 
 garden, which extends to the 
 grounds on which Grant's Tomb 
 is located. 
 
LAREMONT by night is, if possible, more beautiful than 
 
 Glaremont by day. The view on the opposite page shows 
 
 the illuminated arch which represents the Keystone State, 
 
 and beyond the two lines of state shelters stands the house 
 
 itself evidencing hospitality at every door and window. 
 
 The garden is not garishly lighted by electricity, but just 
 
 sufficiently so to add to and properly set off the color scheme furnished by 
 
 well gowned women, the beauty of whose costumes is further emphasized 
 
 by the sober black and white of the evening dress of the men. 
 
 From a standpoint of attractiveness, there is little choice between the 
 broad piazzas of the house, and the garden, except that nature furnishes 
 the roof for the latter, but, particularly from the west piazza, perhaps a 
 better view may be had of the surroundings. From this vantage point 
 may be seen the black river, dotted with the twinkling lights of boats at 
 anchor, glide silently by, river steamers come and go, jeweled with lights 
 and sweeping the beams of their searchlights, now upon the great white 
 tomb, now upon the dark woods of the Jersey shore, themselves winking 
 a thousand eyes at the city. Many find rest from the cares of the day by 
 gliding up the stretch of the river drive in silent, wide-eyed automobiles, 
 to stop awhile in the light of Glaremont*— always awake to the comfort of 
 its guests, always alert to provide something better than others who 
 minister to the public. 
 
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 A Corner 
 of the 
 Verandah 
 
THE GARDEN AT NIGHT 
 
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 At night the outlook over the 
 river discloses what might prop- 
 erly be called an American 
 Venice. The grim Palisades are 
 topped with a regular line of lights, 
 trolley cars brilliantly lighted ap- 
 pear now and then from among 
 the trees through which the tracks 
 wind, while the view which ex- 
 tends miles in both directions in- 
 cludes the river dotted with 
 stationary and moving lights, and 
 brings to one's mind the thought 
 of that ancient city. 
 
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 Two private dining rooms of 
 unusual type. The Colonial Room 
 is a model of simplicity and ele- 
 gance in white and dark green; 
 the Delft Room, typically Dutch, 
 contains many interesting pieces 
 and Dutch scenes and a fine Delft 
 frieze. 
 
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 THE GOLD ROOM 
 
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 Glaremont 
 East Entrance 
 
The Gold Room, carpeted in 
 golden brown and replete with 
 Louis XVI furnishings, presents 
 an unusual effect. The verandah 
 view shows it as arranged on 
 the occasion of the Coaching Club 
 luncheon, and illustrates the possi- 
 bilities at kindred functions. 
 
Proposed Hudson Memorial Bridge at Spuyten Duyvil 
 
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