^^^'^y \/?»\^^ %. .^^^>:;^%^^^ .^> iV^ ^•- ^oV* .'. *Ao< V'' X^'/ V'^^V ''%j^\* ^i 4°-^ 1 ^d^ : ^v^.-.. -'^^^^^mM ;' |l:':/';:3^IH^H 1 *""'•'' ^ J/" "lis. PwSI ' ' '^ '::;^:Sfi^^|B^BB|^^^^^^|H|^^^^H^^^^| 'i - / 'T:'M0-^^^^^^^S Benedict Arnold Mansion, Fairmount Park. Indians in 1682 under the shade of this tree. Scions from the tree have been planted at the University of Pennsylvania, Hav- erford, and Stenton House in Germantown. As stated before, there are many miles of Boulevards al- ready in existence connecting the various parks with each other and giving a dignified approach from the city. Among these are: The Parkway, which is now the main approach from City Hall and the center of the city to old Reservoir Hill at the Spring Garden Street entrance to Fairmount Park, on which 29 is being erected an Art Museum. This Boulevard, only within recent years and at great expense, has been cut diagonally across the heart of the city. The Roosevelt Boulevard, which connects Pennypack, Ta- cony and Hunting Parks. There are also several public parks on the outskirts of Phil- adelphia. Amongst the largest of these is Valley Forge (de- scribed elsewhere) and Willow Grove Park, in Montgomery County, fourteen miles from City Hall, which has been in ex- istence for a score of years and is a famous pleasure ground. Concerts are given from May to September by military bands and symphony orchestras. It has a great variety of amuse- ment features. Sousa, Herbert, Damrosch, Pryor, and other eminent leaders, usually fill the musical engagements. HISTORICAL BUILDINGS AND SITES. Short Historic Walks. — Philadelphia and the country with- in a radius of fifty miles is the richest territory in the United States in Colonial houses and historic sites. In the center of the old city, however, are some of the most prominent and re- vered. At Sixth and Chestnut Streets in Independence Square are Independence Hall, with its Liberty Bell, Congress Hall, Old City Hall and the first United States Supreme Court House, and the hall of the American Philosophical Society. In a court between Third and Fourth Streets is Carpenters' Hall; on Third Street is the Girard National Bank; on Second Street north of Market is Old Christ Church; on Arch Street above Second is the Betsy Ross House; on Fourth Street below Arch the site of the University in 1740; at Arch and Fifth Streets is the grave of Benjamin Franklin; on Seventh Street. Zl North, is the site of the first United States Mint, and at Seventh and Market Streets the Penn National Bank occupies the site of the house where Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independ- ence; on Seventh Street below Market is the Franklin Insti- tute. From the same starting point, going south, the Curtis Build- ing rests on the site of the Loganian Library and the Penn Mutual Building on the site of the Old City Prison. At Sev- enth and Locust Streets is the old First Presbyterian Church; on Locust Street just west of Eighth is Musical Fund Hall; on Eighth Street near Locust the Morris Residence; at Ninth and Walnut Streets, the Walnut Street Theatre, the oldest fn Amer- ica. At Ninth and Pine Streets is the Pennsylvania Hospital. From Pine Street to Washington Avenue, from the Delaware River to Broad Street is the congested foreign and negro sec- tion containing many quaint and old residences, church build- ings and other objects of interest. 30 Although Philadelphia has ruthlessly destroyed many of her once famous landmarks, anyone taking the trouble to walk around the old portion of the city will hnd much that is un- changed from the days when this was the finest residential sec- tion of the first city of the country. Philadelphia retains much more of the old, in buildings, than does any other American city. There are many Colonial houses, with elaborate cornices, little curving marble steps, iron-railed in pairs leading up to pilastered doorways, with here and there an old-time knocker. Picturesque features of this section of the city are the fire insurance emblems still in place on the fronts of the old houses, and the wrought-iron foot scrapers, built into the sidewalk at the foot of the house steps. Everywhere one may come upon buildings designed on classic lines. In the very heart of the old city are garden walls of stone and brick with fascinating little gateways. Leading off of the main streets are old alleys where one finds little old-time houses with dormer windows and projective eaves. Many of the city's old houses are rich in historic interest. At 413 South Tenth Street Henry George was born. No. 224 Pine Street was the home of Robert Blackwell. One of the finest homes of all was the old Powel House at 244 South Third Street, where Washington was often a guest. The Mor- ris house, at 225 South Eighth Street, built in 1786, is perhaps the best remaining example of the old-time town dwelling house of wealth and beauty. What was to be the grandest of all Philadelphia mansions was started by Robert Morris, who bought the entire block between Chestnut and Walnut Streets and Seventh and Eighth Streets. Some of the underground structure of this house is still existent. At 260 South Ninth Street lived for a time Joseph Bonaparte, formerly King of Spain. A great room is still papered with the scenic paper which was on the walls when he lived here. The old Wistar house still stands at the southwest corner of Fourth and Locust Streets. On Second Street, near Callowhill, is the old Black Horse Inn, which one enters through an archvv^ay. Within is still the ancient inn-yard, a long, rough-paved parallelogram, enclosed by simply balustrated balconies, a survival of the old inn-yards of England. In old Philadelphia there were market houses on Market Street, Girard Avenue, Bainbridge Street, Lehigh Avenue, Spring Garden and other streets. Only those on Second Street are still standing. The most interesting of these, extending from Pine Street to South Street, were started in 1745. The bell tower and clock were added in 1819. Carpenters' Hall is in a court that opens from Chestnut Street, between Third and Fourth. The Carpenters' Company was founded in 1724, and the building was begun in 1770. The 31 First Continental Congress met in Carpenters' Hall on Septem- ber 5, 1774. The Constitutional Convention met there in 1787. Munitions were stored in the building during the Revolutionary War. It was later the home of the First United States Bank. It is still occupied by the Carpenters' Company, and is open to the public on weekdays from 1 to 3 P. M. INDEPENDENCE HALL, CONGRESS HALL AND OLD CITY HALL. Independence Hall comprises a main building with two ar- cades, connecting it with two two-story buildings, one at Fifth Street and the other at Sixth Street, on Chestnut Street. It "Congress Hall," Where the First Congress Met and Where Washington and Adams Were Inaugurated. The Buildings to the East Are Independence Hall and City Hall, Where the First Supreme Court Convened. was partly designed and built by Andrew Hamilton. The build- ing was authorized by the Provincial Assembly of Pennsyl- vania as a State House, on May 1, 1729. The Legislature first met in the building in October. 1736; Andrew Hamilton was elected speaker and Benjamin Franklin was clerk. The As- sembly Room, or east room, in which the Declaration of In- dependence was signed in 1776, was finished in 1743. and the western chamber in 1748. The tower was not finished and the 32 bell hung until June, 1753, and the clock was placed in the tower ni 1759. The Constitution of the United States was adopted ni this building in 1787. A facsimile of the Declara- tion of Independence is behind the speaker's desk. The orig- inal is in the Treasury Building at Washington. Most of the furniture in the Assembly Room is original. The Liberty Bell hangs from its original beam within a trame in the main corridor. It was ordered from the agent of the Province, in London, and cast by Pass and Stow, of Phila- delphia. It weights 2080 pounds, and has the following in- scriptions: ^ "By order of the Assembly of the Province of Pennsylvania for the State House in Philadelphia, 1752." And underneath this: Proclaim Liberty throughout all the land, unto all the inhabitants thereof. Lev. xxv, v, x." T .-^^ J"^^, ^;, ^^^^' ^^'^^ ^^'"^ to^^ed in memory of Chief Justice Marshall, the bell was cracked. Congress Hall, at Sixth and Chestnut Streets, was com- pleted in 1790, and until 1800 was occupied by the United States Longress. In this building Washington was rnaugurated Presi- dent for a second term in 1793, and John Adams Vice-President, in December 1/95; Adams took the oath as President and Jefferson as Vice-President in 1797. After 1800 it was devoted to various local courts. It was occupied by the Law School of the University of Pennsylvania from 1895 to 1900 u i^*"^ ^^i^^^ ?*^*^^ Supreme Court .House and Old City Hall, at Fifth and Chestnut Streets, was built in 1791, and was ?'qT^/ iQH^n^ ^n^u''^T.u-V^'T^ ^°""^ °^ the United States from 1/91 to 1800. The Philadelphia City Councils met on the sec- ond floor from 1791 to 1854, and the Mayor's office was located in the building from 1791 to 1889. The "State House Row" buildings, as they are usually called, are now occupied chiefly by miscellaneous historical collections ot pamting-^3 and relics. An illustrated catalogue of these may be obtained at the Hall. All the buildings are open daily and Sundays. -^ Betsy Ross House on Arch Street is said to have been the home of Be sy Ross (Mrs. Claypoole). There is a tradition that she sewed the first flag of Stars and Stripes in this house under the direction of General Washington. The house is maintained as a museum by a patriotic society. The Girard National Bank, on Third Street, south of Chest- nut Street, occupies the building erected in 1797 for the first Bank of the United States, later the bank of Stephen Girard. The Bank of North America, 307 Chestnut Street, was or- ganized in 1781, and is the oldest bank in the United States. Alexander Hamilton and Robert Morris were associated with Its early history. 33 Musical Fund Hall, on Locust Street, west of Eighth Street, was built in 1820 by a society organized for the relief of needy musicians. Acoustically it is one of the best concert halls in the country, and has presented on its stage the world's greatest musicians and singers. The Old Stock Exchange, at Third and Walnut Streets, is one of the most beautiful architectural monuments in Old Phil- adelphia. It is a classic building of perfect proportions and one -?/hich has had a varied history in the commercial and financial ■{;fe of the city. M^^^^^^\-W^ ^^ ■PpHk^j^^^ l^ii 4^^*»*^^j W-\ ^Pm ^y hi i mKmmf' TSH:-"'^^P^ ' '-'WaSStrxBKr^l \M^'i J- • \ pP^ ^m^ ' ■ ''^^^^^ffl ■"iM^a «^^ ^ •. f^^S ^^^fi^m^jMmZ^--'^ ' ■ • ■ i' 1 , i^^S ^■"•'5i*ii >.: ' ^-^ ol '."•#<•* -.v- SsgStl^ r". mmi :. ' ' ' 'i #■ i;si#. ' "^ ■'- ■' ' ^18 ^5 ••/■.-ii* : . -'-'■^>mmii ^R!-v_..,, i Bartram's House. Dock Street, on which the old Stock Exhange building fronts, is one of the most interesting sights of the city. Its fascinating atmosphere of bustle and trade, and its filthy con- dition, are reminiscent of old market cities of Europe. HISTORIC SITES. Franklin's Grave. — .Christ Church Cemetery, at Fifth and Arch Streets, contains the graves of Benjamin Franklin and Deborah, his wife; Dr. Benjamin Rush, Generals Cadwalader and Morgan, of the Continental Army, Commodores Trux- ton, Bainbridge and Dale, of the Navy, and many citizens of 34 Colonial times. The Franklin grave is in the northwest cor- ner of the cemetery, and can be seen through an iron barred gate at the southeast corner of Fifth and Arch Streets. First United States Mint — 37-39 North Seventh Street. This building, like other historic shrines in Philadelphia, w^as demolished only writhin recent years. It was the first public building erected by authority of Congress for a public pur- pose. Here Washington, in 1792, delivered some silver from which the so-called Washington dimes and half-dimes were coined. The silver-center cent of 1792 and the silver dollar of 1804 were coined here. The regular coinage of copper began in 1793; silver, 1794; gold, 1795. Until 1816 all of the power was supplied by men and horses. University of Pennsylvania had its origin in 1740 in a building (destroyed in 1844) on Fourth Street, south of Arch. Part of the portal of the original building and a section of the old dormitory may still be seen, as may also the Pro- vost's House at the southwest corner of Fourth and Arch Streets, where, for a time Lowell lived. The University was located here until 1802, when it was removed to a site at Ninth and Chestnut Streets, where the Presidential (White House) Mansion was once situated, and where the Post Office now stands. House in which the Declaration o£ Independence was written.^At the southwest corner of Seventh and Market Streets stood the house where Jefferson and others drafted the Declaration. The First United States Navy Yard, in use from 1794 to 1876, was located at Delaware Avenue and Pine Street. HISTORIC GERMANTOWN. Germantown, including Mt. Airy and Chestnut Hill, lies north and east of the Wissahickon. It can be reached by the Pennsylvania and Reading Railroads, and by numerous trolley lines. The old portion of the town is very rich in historical associations, and Chestnut Hill is marked by country seats and mansions with extensive grounds and frequent examples of fine Colonial architecture. Germantown was founded in 1688 by English Quakers, Mo- ravians, Dunkers. Mennonites, Dutch and German religionists of similar tenets. David Rittenhouse, the astronomer and scientist, was born in Germantown. His father was manager of the first paner mill in America, on Paper Mill Run, in a little settlement still called Rittenhouse Town, where part of the old mill still stands, close to the beginning of Lincoln Drive. Germantown Avenue is rich in historic houses and grounds. At Logan Street (4900) is Hood's Cemetery, one of the first 35 Scenes Along the Wissahickon. burial places in the town. Buried in the cemetery are General Agnew, the British commander killed in the battle of Gernian- town. At 5106 is the house of Commodore Barron, who killed Decatur in a duel; at 5109 was framed, in 1688, the first protest against slavery. The William Shippen house at 5140 was used for several years by Gilbert Stuart; here he painted the por- trait of Washington. In. the old Wister house, 5261, Sally Wis- ter wrote her delightful "Diary." An old meeting house stands at the corner of Coulter Street. Diagonally across is the house where Louisa jM. Alcott was born. Opposite the Soldiers' Mon- Chew Mansion— Scene of Battle of Germantcwn. ument in old Market Square is the Morris House (5442), built in 1772, and used by General Washington as an executive man- sion during the yellow fever epidemic of 1793-94. The German- town Site and Relic Society occupies the old Wistar mansion in Vernon Park, just above Chelten Avenue (5700). The house has been made a museum, and contains a number of very in- teresting historical relics. At the Old Green Tree Inn, 6019 Ger- mantown Road, on December 6, 1759, was organized the Union School of Germantown, now Germantown Academy, one of the oldest preparatory schools in the country, still housed in the building built for it in 1769 at School House Lane and Greene Street. North of High Street is the old Pastorius House (6026), 2>7 used as a hospital by the British, where Lafayette was received on his second visit. At 6043, a Shippen house iii the old days, General Cornwallis stayed, while in command in Germantown, under Howe, immediately before the battle. At West Walnut La^ne (6100) is an old stone house, the oldest in Germantown, built in 1690 and used as a hospital during the Revolution. Above Herman Street (6115) is the old Mennonite Meeting House, erected in 1770. The Concord, or Old Ax Burying Ground, in which Revolutionary and British soldiers are buried, is on the east side of Germantown Avenue, above Washington Lane (6300). The Johnson House (6306), where there was heavy fighting, is now occupied by the Germantown Women's Club. Chew House, at Main and Johnson Streets (6400), was the cen- ter of the Battle of Germantown, on October 4, 1777. British troops were driven by a part of the Continental Army to take refuge in the mansion, which still bears the marks of shot and shell. The Billmeyer House, from which General Washington directed the course of the battle, stands at the northeast corner of the Avenue and Upsal Street (6500). The Dunker Church, or Church of the Brethren, built by the first congregation of that church in America, is just above Sharpnack Street (6600). At 6669 is the oldest school house in Germantown, having been built by St. Michael's Lutheran Church l^efore 1740. From this point a trolley car may be taken through Mt. Air} and Chestnut Hill. In Mt. Airy, at 7301 Germantown Avenue, is the Lutheran Theological Seminary: at 7400 is the Pennsyl- vania histitution for the Deaf and Dumb. To the west of Germantown, along the Wissahickon and the_ Schuylkill, are many interesting hostelries and mansions, dating back to Colonial days. Among these might be men- tioned the William Smith house at the Falls, overlooking the Schuylkill. The first Provost of the Universitv lived here from 1773 to 1800. PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS. City Hall, at the intersection of Broad and Market Streets, is built around a central courtyard. With the courtyard it covers four and a half acres of ground. It was begun in 1871 and fin- ished in about ten years, at a cost of $25,000,000. The basement is of granite, the superstructure of Massachusetts marble. The architecture is composite. The tower is 548 feet high. The building contains the offices of the city departments, the State Supreme Court. Common Pleas Courts and others. Chambers of Council, and county of^ces. The statue of Wil- 38 Ham Penn, at the top of the tower, weighs 53,348 pounds, and is Zl feet high. The clock tower is 361 feet above the street. The length of the minute hand is 10 feet 8 inches. The building is 486x470 feet, seven stories high, and contains 622 rooms. Therq is a floor area of XAYi acres. Guides may be obtained at the Bureau of City Property. There are many fine carvings and some of the offices and chambers are handsomely decorated. On the plaza are equestrian statues of Major-General John F. Reynolds and General George B. McClellan, and statues of Joseph Leidy, Stephen Girard, John C. Bullitt, William McKinley City Hall. and Major-General Muhlenberg, the Revolutionary hero. Under the City Hall is a large central subway station. The United States Post Office, at Ninth and Chestnut Streets, is an imposing structure of four stories, surmounted by a dome one hundred and seventy feet high. It is built of dressed granite and cost eight millions of dollars. In the build- ing are the rooms of the United States Circuit Court, Internal Revenue, Pension Bureau, Lighthouse Board, Weather Bureau and other Government departments. The building occupies the site of the former "Presidential Mansion," built for the Presi- 39 dent of the United States when the capital was in Philadelphia. The site was occupied by the University of Pennsylvania from 1802 to 1873. In front of the Post Office now stands a beautiful bronze statue of Benjamin Franklin, the founder of the Uni- versity, and at one time postmaster of Philadelphia. The Philadelphia Navy Yard is situated at League Island, on the Delaware River, at the junction with the Schuylkill River, at the end of South Broad Street. It covers about one thousand acres and has about nine miles of water line, including the back channel. The yard is open to the public from 8 A. M. to 4.30 A. M. The shops are not open to the public. Vessels of every type, from the smallest submarine to the greatest dread- naught, are stationed here at all times, and usually a number of these ships are open to visitors between 10 A. M. and 4 P. M. The Navy Yard was established about 1794, at Delaware Avenue and Pine Street, and moved to League Island in 1876. There are two drydocks, one 500 feet long and 133 feet wide, the other 754 feet long and 140 wide, and a third 1700 feet long is proposed. The yard is the only fresh water station on the Atlantic Coast — a manifest advantage, as barnacles and marine growths die and drop off of ships' bottoms in fresh water. The shops were formerly engaged in repair work, but the yard is now also used for the construction of war vessels. There are many marine barracks and officers' residences in the yard. One of the most interesting features of the Yard is the Government aircraft factory. United States Mint. — The first United States Mint was built in 1792 on Seventh Street, south of Arch Street, and was the first building erected by the authority of Congress. David Rit- tenhouse was the first director. It was ruthlessly destroyed m 1911 after many attempts to save it. The second Mint was built on classic lines in 1832, on the present site of the Widener Building at Chestnut Street, east of Broad. The present build- ing, the finest known, is built of Maine granite, and is located at Sixteenth and Spring Garden Streets. It has a frontage of 400 feet. It cost two and a half millions of dollars, and has been occupied by the United States Government since 1901. Visitors are admitted daily, except Sunday, from 9 A. M. to 3 P. M., and on Saturdays from 9 A. M. to 11.30 A. M. The United States Custom House, on the south side of Chestnut Street, between Fourth and Fifth Streets, was orig- inally built for the United States Bank. It was designed by William Strickland, completed in 1824, at an expense of nearly $500,000, and in some respects is designed after the Parthenon at Athens. The United States Bank was closed by Andrew Jackson. Many eminent men have been collectors of the Port of Philadelphia, including an ex-Secretary of the Navy and three ex-Governors of Pennsylvania. The building is open to 40 the public from 9 A. M. to 4.30 P. M., Saturday to 12 o'clock noon. Frankford Arsenal is at Bridge Street and Tacony Road. It covers many acres of ground. It was established in 1816, and is one of the largest establishments of its kind in the country. To reach the arsenal take car marked "Bridesburg," on Third Street. Schuylkill Arsenal.— Since 1873 the old Schuylkill Arsenal on Gray's Ferry Road has been the Philadelphia Depot of the Quartermaster's Department. United States Army. Uniforms and national flags are manufactured at this depot. United States Mint at Sixteenth and Spring Garden Streets. FILTRATION PLANTS AND WATER SUPPLY. The water supply of Philadelphia is pumped into extensive filter plants from the Delaware and Schuylkill Rivers by huge pumping stations located along their banks and distributed throughout the city by almost 2000 miles of mains. The total capacity of these filter beds is 382,000,000 gallons daily, or about 190 gallons daily for each person in Philadelphia. The plants are located as follows: Belmont, at Ford Road and Belmont Avenue; the plant has 18 slow and 18 rapid filter beds, a basin of 16,500,000 gal- lons, and a daily capacity of 40,000,000 gallons. 41 Roxborough, on Ridge Avenue near Shawmont; the lower plant has 5 slow and 11 rapid filter beds, a basin of 3,000,000 gallons; the upper plant has 8 slow filter beds, a basin of 8,000,- 000 gallons; the two plants have a capacity of 32,000,000 gallons daily. Queen Lane, at Fox and Queen Lanes; this plant has 22 slow and 40 rapid filter beds, a basin of 50,000,000 gallons, and a daily capacity of 70,000,000 gallons. Torresdale, on the Delaware River; this plant has 65 slow and 120 rapid filter beds, a basin of 50,000,000 gallons and a daily capacity of 240,000,000 gallons. The plant and its pump- ing station are of especial interest and well worth a visit. High pressure direct pumping stations are located on the Delaware and on Broad Street at Race Street for the protection of the central districts of the city against fire. SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIONS, MUSEUMS. The American Philosophical Society was founded in 1743, and in 1785 erected the present building rn Independence Square. In 1769 "The Junto," a similar society, was merged with it. Its first president was Benjamin Franklin, succeeded by David Rittenhouse, Thomas Jefferson, Caspar Wistar, and other distingushed men. The society, which is the oldest and probably the most exclusive scientific body in America, in its laws, ideals and methods of work, took for its model the Royal Society of London, and began the publication of its "Transac- tions" in 1771, and its ^Proceedings," in 1838. It has a library of upwards of 70,000 volumes, which is open daily from 10 to 5, with the exception of Saturday, when it closes at 1. It meets on the first Friday evening of each month, from October to May, in its hall on Independence Square. Part of this building- was occupied by the Medical School of the University of Penn- sylvania in its early years. The Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture, or- ganized in 1785, is another venerable institution, as is the Penn- sylvania Horticultural Society, established in 1827, and The Historical Society of Pennsylvania, founded in 1828, and de- scribed in another chapter of this booklet. Wagner Free Institute of Science, at Seventeenth Street and Montgomery Avenue, was founded by WilTiam Wagner in 1855. It contains a large library and a museum, and conducts an an- nual course of free pul)lic lectures, generally on scientific sub- jects. The University Museum was founded in 1889, by William Pepper. The ground for this building and gardens, almost 42 twelve acres, was donated by the city. The Museum is located on Spruce Street east of Thirty-fourth Street. The Philadelphia Commercial Museums, the largest of their kind in America, described under the head of Industrial and Commercial Estab- lishments, are located in the rear. The University Museum is under the care of a Board of Managers, of whom four are Trustees of the University. It contains the collections belonging to the Museum in the fields of archaelogy, ethnology and art. It maintains these collec- tions for the benefit of the public and extends its educational h 1 ^^^ ^siniS^ 1 1 Bill 1 ^^^^P^'*^' 1^ ><-• ^' American Philosophical Society Building, Old United States Supreme Court House, and Independence Hall. work by means of public lectures, publications and by its per- manent exhibitions as^well as special exhibitions that are ar- ranged from time to tTme. All of these are free to the public. It is hoped that in time the University Museum will bear the same relation to Philadelphia as the Metropolitan Museum does to New York. The Museum is visited by more than 100,000 people each year and every Saturday afternoon more than a thousand at- tend the lectures given by the best authorities on the subjects of exploration, archaelogy and art. 43 The building, as planned, in its complete form will cover a tract of twelve acres extending from Thirtv-foiirth Street to the Schuylkill River on the south side of Spruce Street. This plan was laid out in 1897 for gradual development by sections. 44 One of these sections was finished and dedicated on December 20, 1899. The museum is open to the pubHc daily and on Sun- day afternoons. The College of Physicians, on Twenty-second Street below Chestnut, was suggested by Dr. John Morgan to Thomas Penn as early as 1767, but was not actually instituted until 17^6. the first officers were: president, John Redman; vice-president, John Jones; treasurer, Gerardus Clarkson; secretary, James Hutch- inson; censors, William Shippen, Jr., Benjamin Rush, John Mor- gan and Adam Kuhn. The purpose of ^he college is to ad- vance the science of medicine, by recording the changes that are produced in diseases, and by intercourse and communica- tions. The active membership is in the neighborhood of 50J. There are also a limited number of associate fellows, foreign associate fellows and corresponding fellows. The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, at Nine- teenth and Race Streets, was founded in 1812. The title was suggested by Dr. Samuel Jackson, of the University of Penn- sylvania. Portraits of several of the founders are hung in the library, which contains more than 60,000 volumes, exclusively for reference. The museum is one of the most important in existence. The vertebrate animals number about 130,000 speci- mens, including 12,000 mammals, 60,000 birds, 20,000 rep- tiles, and 40,000 fishes. Insects are estimated at 400,000; shells at 1,500,000; fossils at 50,000; archaeological material, 20,000 pieces; dried plants, 600,000. The Academy and its extensive museums are open to the public. The Franklin Institute of the State of Pennsylvania for the Promotion of the Mechanic Arts was founded February 5, 1824, by Samuel V. Merrick, Prof. William H. Keating, George W. Smith and Dr. Robert E. Griffith. The Institute has occupied its own building, on Seventh Street below Market, since 1826. The library, containing 67,436 volumes and 29,327 pamphlets, is devoted solely to works on applied science and technology and is especially rich in serials. Complete sets of all the lead- ing scientific publications of the worfd are on file. The col- lection of historical models includes. Dr. Franklin's electrical machine, model of George Stevenson's locomotive, 1816; model of Oliver Evan's "Oructor Amphibiolis," and the original Yale lock. The Journal of The Franklin Institute, published con- tinuously since 1826, is the only record in existence which gives lists and descriptions of patents granted in the United States between 1826 and 1859. The first session of the Institute's School of Mechanic Arts was opened in the spring of 1824. Memorial Hall, in Fairmount Park, is north of Parkside Avenue near Forty-first Street. It is, like Horticultural Hall, a permanent reminder of the Centennial Exposition of 1876. It, 45 contains the Wilstach and other collections of paintings and many interesting articles presented by foreign governments at the close of the Exposition. There are also large collections of ceramics, carvings, textiles and other objects of art, including those belongmg to the School of Industrial Art. The museum is under the joint direction of the Fairmount Park Commission and the School. Municipal Art Museum, in course of construction, on Reservoir Hill in Fairmount Park, will be one of the great art galleries of the world, and will be a fitting and monumental ter- minus of the Parkway. It will not only house the many valu- able collections now owned by the city (including the recently acquired John G. Johnson collection) but will undoubtedly also include some well known private collections of Philadelphia. EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. The Public School system of Philadelphia was organized in 1818, with six schools and ten teachers, it now has more than two hundred buildings including eight high schools. Some of the high school buildings rank among the most "costly and elab- orate educational buildings in the United States. The Central .High School of Philadelphia, located at Broad and Green Streets, was established under an Act of the Leg- islature of Pennsylvania, in 1836. The first building was on Juniper Street below Market Street. By Act of Assembly of April 9, 1849, the school was granted the power to confer aca- demic degrees upon its graduates. In 1853 a building at the southeast corner of Broad and Green Streets was erected, and the cornerstone of the present building was laid nearly opposite in 1894. Other high school buildings are located in the districts of Germantown, Frankford. Northeast Philadelphia, West Phila- delphia, South Philadelphia. There are also several Schools of Pedagogy, and schools devoted exclusively to girls, such as the Girls' High School, the William Penn High School and the Girls' Normal School. University of Pennsylvania, West Philadelphia (see special chapter devoted to this subject, p. 76). Temple University, at Broad and Berks Streets, was founded by the Rev. Russell Conwell in 1888, as a college for young peo- ple who were occupied in industrial pursuits during the day and who desired to study in tTie evening. The power to confer de- grees was granted in 1891, and a day department was opened. The charter was amended in 1907. changing the name to Temple University. The Theological School was opened in 1893: the Law School in 1895; the Medical School in 1901, and tHe Den- 46 tal School in 1907. Though at first started as an enterprise of Grace Temple Baptist Church, the University is strictly non- sectarian, it is probably the most successful and efficient school of its kind in existence. A movement has recently been started for a new building covering a whole city block. Medical Center. — Philadelphia has been the center of med- ical education ever since the establishment in 1765 of the Med- ical School of the Unive;rsity of Pennsylvania, which was the first medical school in America. It has now a number of im- portant medical and dental schools and schools of pharmacy, and all combined have probably the largest student enrollment in the country. It is also the leading center for medical publica- tions. Jefferson Medical College, at Tenth and Walnut Streets, was organized in 1825 as the Medical Department of the Jef- Girard College— Main Building. ferson College of Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. The first class was graduated in 1826; and for each of the subsequent ninety years, other classes have received the medical degree — the graduates numbering almost 14,000. In 1838, the Legislature of Pennsylvania conferred upon this institution a separate Uni- versity Charter, making it an independent corporation. Its equipment consists of the Medical Hall, Laboratory Building. Hospital, Clinical Amphitheatre, Nurses' Home, the Baugh Institute of Anatomy and the Maternity Building. A library, extensive museums, modern laboratories, dispensaries and a training school for nurses are connected with the College. 47 Woman's Medical College on North College Avenue at Twenty-first Street, founded in 1850, was the first woman's med- ical college in the world, and each year attracts women from all parts of the globe. It has a wefl equipped plant, including hospital, dispensaries, etc. Hahnemann Medical College, on Broad Street above Race, founded in 1848. was the first school of medicine to teach Homeopathy. It has a well equipped pknt and conducts a large hospital for its students. William Penn Charter School occupies a historic school- house on Twelfth Street below Market Street. It was founded in 1689 and granted a charter by William Penn, and is the oldest college preparatory school in the country. It was incorporated in 1698 bv the Quakers. 4 "■ ::^& Drexel Institute. Philadelphia School of Pharmacy and the Philadelphia Dental School are likewise the first schools of their kind to be established in America. Germantown Academy was a union school, founded by Luth- erans and Friends in 1759, and opened in 1761. During the Revolution it was greatly depleted, but in 1784 was reorganized as the Germantown Public School. It has been known as the Germantown Academy since 1796; and ranks among the best college preparatory schools in the United States. There are numerous other high class private preparatory schools in Philadelphia, among which might be mentioned the 48 Friends' Select Schools in Germantown, at Fifteenth and Race S reets; the Episcopal Academy; the Chestnut Hill Icademy; and others in the outlymg districts of the city ^^''\^^''y g.SHl.^'fct.SrnS.^'r- -' H„.;e.y:;::;;:;::::;::;:.^„;eJ- 1- ^1^ Electrical Supplies... ^--^i ^i" Shepard Electric Light and Power. .. .•...•.■.".■. "^"^ ?• Stewart Electric Motors and Dynamos ^^°%^ S°'' S'^^" ileSyS' '^""'" ^^'-^-^"-'•■(Comme;ciai)::::::::::Frank ^"Whitniv Elevator Manufacturer; ' Pas'sengeV "and" FreighV.V.V.V.V.V.V ' '^Franl Mec^ili^n^ Emery Manufacturer ^ FrVH^/iAi T r^ Mechling Engineer for Inspection of Building MaieHais'and RluwLy EquPpnfe'nt"' ^'■• Engines Alexander J. Christie Engraver and Stationer. . .::::'.; ^^"''^''^ J- C-^'enian Envelopes, Manufacturer ". .■.■.■;.■.■. W.\;:' n^"" n Feet, Diseases of X-,;- • " y^^^' °„ ^at"'^t1' Fertilizers ^ nas. E. Hallowell. M. D. Fire Brick and" Clay ReVoVtV.V. '^'^'^^r^' Whetstone Fire Insurance Rate Making .W:'. CharleVAdnb,h"R '^"^' Florist, Retail <■ harle,s Adoli.h Hexamer Flour (Wholesale).. ..:: ':: *^A'^''If^ ^^"7 /oj^ Funeral Supplies ;;; ^-- ^ownsend Zook Furs Samuel B. Crall ■ Theo. F. Siefert L 56 ^^s W; Joseph B. Myers Gas Meters... Wakeman Griffin Gribbel Gasoline and Naphthas Matthew F. Roberts General Stationers and Special Wire Products Walter Goff Farley Glass (All Kinds) john L. Moore Granite Memorials Martin J. Gessler Grinding, Polishing and Plating Materials Walter C Gold G^cer (Retail) John K. Horner Grocer (\Vholesale) Wilkins J. Perkins Grower of Roses Alfred Burton Haberdashery Auto Apparel Jacob F, Mansure Hair Lloth Manufacturer George S. Cox Hardware, Wagon and Automobile .William J Gerhab Hardware, Retail George A. Supplee Hardware, Wholesale Charles M. Biddle, Jr. Hat Bands, Adjustable lohn E. Wick Hats, Manufacturer Frank Schoble Hatter. George M. Keebler Heating Engineer Walter Bowers Heating Systems George A. Eagan Hollow Pile Fireproofing W. Harry Gaul Hosiery Manufacturer Charles Lehmuth Ice Cream and Cake David L. Schlegel Ice Making and Refrigerating Machinery William E. Hexamer Incandescent Gas Lights Robert J. Rolston Incandescent Gas Lamps H. H. Richman Incandescent Manufacturing j Scott Anderson Insulating Machinery R. W. Withington Insurance, Life and Accident Martin J Mulkin Insurance, Fire Edwin A. Bookmyer Insurance, Fire Alvert H. Edgar Insurance, Plate Glass and Burglary Harvey P. Lambirth Insurance, Surety Bonds and Casualty Harris J Latta Interior Decorator Frederick W. King Investment Banker Albert E. Turner Jeweler (Retail) Ralph C. Putnam Jute Cordage W. Kirkland Dwier Jute Cordage Frank E. Willsher Knitted Fabrics of Wool and Cotton, Manufacturer of E. Stanley Bowers Kodaks, Photo Supplies Albert Wunderlich Labels and Stickers E. Miner Fenton Laboratory and Scientific Glassware L. H Wood Laces and Lace Curtains Henry S. Bromley Lawyej. .... Glenn C. Mead Leaded Glass, Mural Painting Nicola D'Ascenzo Leather Belting Manufacturer W. G. Oaks Leather, Decorative Charles H. Sassaman j-lghting Fixtures Edward A. Van = ant Link Belts Richard W. Yerkes Link Belts James S. Watson. Locomotives William de Krafft Lubricating Oils George P. Smith Mahogany Lumber and Veneers Lawrence Appleton Mailing Lists Charles Paist, Jr. Mechanical Rubber Goods Josenh Emerson Mental Development Silas S. Neff Mercantile Reporting Joseph " J. Alexander Metal Working Machinery Charles. Morton ^'l'^ C. Henderson . Suoolee Monotype Machines Joseph Hays Monotype Machines Willinm L. Madura Monumental Work John M. Gessler Moore Push-Pins Wm. Percy Mills Motion Picture Theatres Frank W. Buhler" 57 Moving and Storage Henry Waterman Musical Instruction Gilbert Raynolds Combs Naphthas and Gasolines Richard D. Leonard National Bank Allen M. Matthews Newspaper ("Philadelphia Record") Rowe Stewart Newspapers ("Philadelphia Record") George B. Donnelly Newspapers ("The Ledgers") Randolph Marshall Newspapers ("The Ledgers") Charles A. Tyler Newspaper Representative Howard C. Story Office Furniture M. W. Montgomery Oil Measuring Pumps, Filters and Meters William B. Stamford Optical Machinery and Tools Charles Car'- Optician j. Harry Bowers Osteopath James C. Snyder, D.O. Paint and Varnish Wm. W. Hodgson Painting Contractor Charles T. Fowler Pamphlet Binding George J. Weissgerber Paper Box Manufacturer Edwin J. Schoettle Paper and Cardboard Dealer Leon Beck Pastor, First Baptist Church Carter Helm Jones Patent Attorney Charles H. Howson Perfumes and Toilet Articles Charles N. Riggs Philadelphia Belt Line Railroad Ashbel Welch Philadelphia Chamber of Commerce Napoleon B. Kelly Photo-Engraver and Color-Engraver Charles A. Stinson Photographer (Commercial) James L. Dillon Photographer (Portrait) Ryland W. Phillips Physician Dr. Augustus Koenig Pig Iron Harry Dean Carson Pipe Valves, Fittings and Tools Edgar W. Koons Platform Entertainer and Writer Ralph Bingham Plumbing Contractor H. Graham English Plumbing Supplies Thomas H. Livezey Portland Cement Manufacturer Edward F. Cobb Poultry and Game William H. White Power and Hand Pumps Edward Spencer Jenison Power Plant Piping Charles H. Whitnev Power Transmission Machinery Eugene S. Grant Pressed Steel Automobile Bodies and Products Leo I. Heint?: Printing and Publishing Weston C. Boyd Public School (for boys) Charles C. Heyl Public School (for girls) Parke Schoch Publishers of Magazines Cyrus H. K. Curtis Publishers "The Farm Journal" .'irvin F. Paschall Railroads, P. & R. R. R George Ziegler Ranges and Water Heaters (Retail) C. Edwin Bartlett Rapid Transit Charles B. Fairchild, Jr. Real Estate Broker Edgar G. Cross Receiver of Taxes W. Freeland Kendrick Refrigerating Machinery, Absorption Alexander H. Holcombe Removal of Ashes George W. Shuster Restaurant and Catering Guy Gundaker Revolvers and Wrenches, Manufacturers of R. F. Sedgley Roofing and Sheet Metal Work T. Frank Decker Rotary Publicist Wm. H. Hay Rubber Play Balls Lee H. Heist Rubber Play Balls Malcolm Moore Rubber Hose Manufacturer Wm. M. Sibley Rugs and Carpets. Oriental and Domestic Robert A. Davis Sales and Order Books W. T. Abel! Scales, Trucks. Safes and Refrigerators Robert H. Jenkins Scottissue Products, Towels and Toilet Paper Thomas James Trotter Scrap Iron and Steel W. Perry E. Hitner Seamless Tubing Manufacturer S. L. Gabel 58 Seeds, Bulbs and Plants Frederick J. Michell Seeds, Bulbs and Plants Paul F. Richter Shoes, Manufacturer Thomas H. Edwards Shoes, Stockings and repair (Retail) A. H. Geuting Signs William A. Stuard Soap, Kirk's (Wholesale) Guy M. Boyer Social and Educational Service Frank C. Broadhead Soda Water Fountains Robert M. Green, Jr. Stationery, Commercial William Mann Prizer Stationery Manufacturer Eugene L. Matlack Steam and Hydraulic Packings, Manufacturer of Clement Restein Steamship Agent and Broker Robert J. Gailey Steel Castings Kern Dodge Steel Forgings Charles C. Davis Stevedore D. J. Murphy, Jr. Stock Broker Ernst A. Knoblauch Storage Batteries (Manufacture and Sale) Edward G. Steinmetz Storage Batteries (Manufacture and Sale) Joseph H. Tracy Storage and Removal of Household Goods Buell G. Miller Supervising Fire Underwriting J. Burns Allen Suburban Country Homes J. Smylie Herkness Talking Machines and Records (Victor) J. Ralph Wilson Tailors William G. Witlin Tapes and Bindings, Manufacturer John E. Fite Taxicabs Joseph T. Kinsley Telegraph Wil 1 iam M. Phill ips Telephone Service Philip C. Staples Telephone Service George S. Reinoehl Theatrical Harry T. Jordan Theatres, Legitimate Thomas M. Love Tiles William H. Watts Tin Plate, Metals and Sheet Copper Z. Taylor Hall, Jr. Tool and Alloy Steels, Manufacturer Thomas J. Moore, Jr. Trade Directory (National) Daniel N. Peirce Trucking Contractor Charles J. McGough Trunks, Bags and Suit Cases George B. Bains, Jr. Trust Company Harry L. McCloy Trust Company A. Raymond Bishop Turning Boys Into Good Citizens Charles W. Bainbridge Typewriters John H. Blodgett Typewriters Henry W. Buse Undertaker Schuyler Armstrong University of Pennsylvania George E. Nitzsche Upholstery and Drapery Trimmings Joseph E. Chappatte Utilities Bureau Clayton W. Pike Water Meters Harry E. Shenton Waste Paper Stock Thomas F. Simmons Water Proof Paper Azro D. Lamson Weather Metal Strips Leander B. Greene Willow Grove Park John R. Davies Window and Door Screens Albert E. Snowman Window Shadings Alfred Scholes Women's Wear Thomas Wriggins Women's Wear Charles C. Wriggins Wooden Tanks, Manufacturer W. Harrison Hall Woolen Rags and Wool Stock Thomas Chadwick Woolen and Worsted Cloths, Manufacturer Thomas W. Andrews Wrapping Paper and Twine Harvey E, Piatt 59 The Chamber of Commerce in the Widencr Building, Chest- nut Street near Broad, was formed by the union of the Trade's Union and the Merchants' and iManufacturers' Association. It has a membership of ahiiost 6000, and is affiliated with the State and National Chambers of Commerce. It occupies a most important position in the business life of the city, and covers a wide range of activities. Like the Rotary Club, it is non- political and interested in advancing the best interests of the city. It endeavors to instill the spirit of service, and through its many bureaus and committees works for civic advancement. The Commercial Museum is located on Thirty-fourth Street below Spruce, on grounds adjoining those of the University of Philadelphia Bourse. Pennsylvania Museum. It was founded by the City of Phila- delphia in 1894 through the influence of the late Dr. William Pepper, and is now one of the greatest institutions of its kind in America. It contains large collections of raw and manufac- tured products from all parts of the world, ethnological and other exhibits. It distributes cabinets of collections to public schools, maintains extensive museums, and conducts a Foreign Trade Bureau which supplies information on expert trade oppor- tunities and business conditions. It contains a library of more than 50,000 volumes, relating to foreign and domestic trade, travel and exploration. The exhibits are open to visitors with- out' charge from 9 A. M. to 5 P. M. on weekdays, and from 1 'P. M. to 5 P. M. on Sundays. It maintains a large exhibition 60 hall covering almost a city block, in which many trade exhibi- tions and conventions are held each year. The Curtis Publishing Company occupies the largest and handsomest publishing plant in the world. It is constructed of white marble and bricks, with an imposing front on Sixth Street. The principal publications issued are "The Ladies' Home Jour- nal," "The Saturday Evening Post," "The Country Gentleman" and the morning and evening "Public Ledgers." The building and plant are open to the public. The Philadelphia Bourse, located on Fifth Street, south of Market, is a general exchange similar to the Bourse of Ham- burg, for the meeting place of importers, manufacturers, mer- Commercial Museums. chants, bankers and representatives of all other lines of trade and industry. The company was chartered in 1891 and the building completed in 1895. There is a large machinery and mechanical exhibit on the basement floor, open to the public from 9 A. M. to 5 P. M. The gallery of the exchange is open to visitors from 9.30 A. M. to 3.15 P. M. Business men from out- side the city can obtain visitors' tickets to the floor upon applica- tion to the secretary. The building is the home of the Board of Trade, Commer- cial Exchange, Maritime Exchange, Grocers' and Importers' Ex- change, Drug Exchange, Hardware Merchants' and Manufac- turers' Association, Paint Manufacturers' Club, etc.; Branch Hy- 61 drographic Office of the U. S. Navy, and city departments of Wharves, Docks and Ferries, and Transit. The Philadelphia Stock Exchange is located on Walnut Street, just west of Broad Street. '1 he gallery is open to visi- tors during the daily sessions. The Master Builders' Exchange of Philadelphia, at 18 South Seventh Street, was organized September, 1886, by eighteen of the leading contractors of Philadelphia. A committee ni charge of organization, with Mr. John S. Stevens and Mr. Charles H. Reeves, was instrumental in its formation. The institution admits to membership employers engaged in any business that enters into the construction or completion of a building. In 1887 it became a chartered institution. LIBRARIES. The Free Library of Philadelphia was chartered in 1891. The present temporary quarters are at Thirteenth and Locust Streets. A magnificent building, to cost three and a half mil- lion dollars, will soon be erected on the Parkway. There are twenty-six branch free libraries in various parts of the city, most of them housed in handsome buildings. The Mercantile Library, on Tenth Street above Chestnut, was formed by a company in 1821, and erected a building on Fifth Street opposite Independence Square in 1844. It is now housed in the former building of the Franklin Market House. It is sustained by a stock company. The University Library, on the campus of the University of Pennsylvania, was founded in 1749 by Benjamin Franklin. It contains a collection of more than 500,000 volumes, and forms one of the most valuable reference libraries in the country. In it is included the Biddle Law Library of more than 64,000 vol- umes, and many special collections. The Philadelphia Library, located on Locust Street, east of Broad Street, is the oldest subscription library in the United States. It was founded in 1731, by Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Hopkinson, and others. In 1732 it imported a number of books from London. There are about 70,000 volumes, many of them rare. The Loganian Library, in the same building, was be- queathed by James Logan to William Penn. The library is open to the public on weekdays from 9 A. M. to 6 P. M. The Ridgway Branch of the Library Company of Phila- delphia, located at Broad and Christian Streets, was founded by the bequest of Dr. James Rush, who died in 1869. The library was opened to the public in the latter part of 1878. Its rules are those of the Library Company of Philadelphia, under which all of its books are free for the use of the public, within the building. Non-subscribers can use it as a circulating library 62 upon payment of a small weekly charge for books used. Its collections are miscellaneous in character, excluding fiction; some of the departments in which it is strongest are: Americana of the Revolutionary and Colonial periods, geological surveys of various States, chess books, the older editions of the classics and Patristic writers. The building is open to the public on Sundays from 1 to 5, Saturdays 9 to 12 or 1 (according to the season), other days, 9 until 5 o'clock. The library contains at present approximately 200,000 volumes, comprehending books of the Library Company of Philadelphia, the Loganian Branch of that library and works accruing from the fund left by Dr. Rush for the support of the library. Ridgway Library. Apprentices' Library, at Broad and Brandywine Streets, was founded in 1820, in historic Carpenters' Hall, for promoting orderly habits, diffusing knowledge, improving scientific skill of merchants, and creating a thirst for knowledge for young men "bound out" as apprentices. It is said to be the first free library in America. It is still a public library, but has greatly extended its scope. There are numerous other large public and private libraries in Philadelphia, and many connected with educational and scientific institutions, such as the Wagner Institute. Franklin Institute, Academy of Natural Sciences, College of Physicians, Spring Garden Institute, American Philosophical Society, Penn- sylvania Historical Society, Masonic Temple, Drexel Institute Athenaeum, Temple University, Girard College, etc., some of which institutions also conduct museums and full courses of free public lectures. 63 CHURCHES. The Protestant Episcopal Churches in Philadelphia number 119; Reformed Episcopal, 11; Methodist Episcopal, 138; Re- formed, Zl ; Presbyterian, 116; United Presbyterian, 21; Baptist, 105; Lutheran, 86; Roman Catholic, 116; Greek Catholic, 4. in the middle section of the city some of the leading modern churches are: Baptist: Grace Temple, Broad and Berks Streets; Memorial, Broad and Master Streets; Fifth (founded in 1811), Eighteenth and Spring Garden Streets. Lutheran: Holy Com- munion, Chestnut above Twenty-first Street. Unitarian: First, Chestnut near Twenty-second Street. Methodist: Arch Street, Broad and Arch Streets; Grace, Broad and Master Streets. Swedenborgian: Chestnut and Twenty-third Streets. Presby- terian: Second, Walnut and Twenty-first Streets; Bethany, Twenty-second and Bainbridge Streets; Tab'ernacle, Chestnut and Thirty-seventh Streets. Episcopal: St. Clement's, Twentieth and Cherry Streets; Holy Trinity, Walnut and Nineteenth Streets; St. Stephen's, Tenth near Chestnut Street. Roman Catholic: Cathedral, Eighteenth and Race Streets; Gesu, Eigh- teenth Street, North of Girard Avenue; Our Lady of Mercy, Broad Street and Montgomery Avenue. Christian Science: Wal- nut Street, above Fortieth Street. Among the churches of special historic interest are: ji Old Christ Church, near Second and Market Streets, is one of the most historic churches in America. It was founded in 1695 under a charter granted by Charles II to William Penn. In this church the Colonial Governors had their pews. In 1739 Qeorge Whitefield preached here and raised funds with which td- build the school, which subsequently became the LTniversity of Pennsylvania. Bishop White was baptised here, and hi'J bishophic chair is beside the altar. Franklin was a member rf the committee which built the spire, and he originally intcnd'^d to try his electrical experiments with a kite from its summit, then the highest point in Philadelphia. Of interest is the chan- delier, dating back to 1749; as also the beautiful wrought-iron gate. Robert Morris occupied pew number fifty-two. His re- mains are buried beneath the Parish House. Francis Hopkin- son, signer of the Declaration of Independence, occupied pew number sixty-five. The remains of James W^ilson, another signer, first Professor of Law in America, and Justice of the Supreme Court of the Ignited States, are also buried in the churchyard. George and jMartha Washington occupied pew number fifty-eight from 1790 to 1797. This pew was also occupied bv John Adams while he was President, and by Lafayette on his second visit to Philadelphia. Among the distinguished clerervmen who have been rectors of the church, besides Bishop White, were: Bishop Welton; 64 Bishop William H. Delancey, who was Provost of the Univer- sity from 1828 to 1834; IHshop Kemper; Dr. William Augustus rr^. ^i:i Old Christ Church. Muhlenberg, author of many famous hymns, who was assistant minister from 1817 to 1822; Rev. Dr. Thomas Coombe, who was 65 chaplain to King George III; and Rev. Dr. Robert Blackwell, chaplain of the American Army at Valley Forge. , Old Swedes' Church.-Old Swedes' Church (Gloria Dei) is located at Christian and Swanson Streets, east of Front Street. It was dedicated in 1700, and was a Swedish Lutheran church for 143 years. It is now an Episcopal church. The First Unitarian Church, on Chestnut Street near Twenty-first, a modern building, was organized in 1796, under the influence of Joseph Priestley, the discoverer of oxygen cele- brated chemist and philosopher. This was the first Unitarian Society in America. Old Swedes' Church. St George's Methodist Episcopal Church, on Fourth Street between Race and Vine, was dedicated in 1769, and is the oldest Methodist Church in the world. The first Methodist Conference in America was held in the building in 1773 , ,. ^, . St Mary's Church.— St. Marv's Roman Catholic Church, on Fourth Street, near Locust Street, is the original Roman Catho- hc Cathedral, built in 1763. ^ ^ ^, ^ . ^u- a r.A St Peter's Church.— St. Peter's P. E. Church, at Third and Pine Streets, was built in 1761. Many old residents of the city who were prominent in Colonial days are buried in its church- yard, among them Commodore Decatur. 66 Old Mennonite Church. — .The Old Mennonite Church, built in 1774, is on Germantown Avenue near Hermann Street. St. Paul's P. E. Church is on Third Street below Walnut and dates from 1761. The grave of Edwin Forrest is at the right of the portal. The Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul, Roman Catholic, at Eighteenth and Race Streets, is surmounted by a dome fifty- one feet in diameter and one hundred and fifty-six feet above the pavement. The corner-stone was laid in 1846. It contains a notable painting of the Crucifixio» by Constantiiie Bramidi. St. Augustine's Roman Catholic Church, on Fourth Street below Vine, was built in 1801. The original church was de- stroyed by fire in 1844, and the present building, which is along Colonial lines, was erected in 1846. "Old Pine Street" or the Third Presbyterian Church, at Fourth and Pine Streets, was founded in 1768. It is an interest- ing and imposing Colonial structure surrounded by a grave- yard in which are the graves of many Revolutionary patriots. Few Presbyterian churches remain in old Philadelphia, as th? congregations early moved into newer residential sect.ons. St. John's Lutheran Church is on Race Street east of Sixth. It was built in 1808, and was the first English Lutheran Church in the United States. St. Joseph's Roman Catholic Church, in Willing's Alley, near Fourth and Walnut Streets, was founded in 1733, and is the oldest Catholic church in the city. Just east of this church is where Evangeline's "Gabriel" is reputed to be buried, and Evangeline herself is said to be buried in the Catholic Holy Trinity churchyard. Quakers' Meeting House, is at Fifth and Arch Streets. This Society of Free Quakers was founded in 1781, and the quaint but spacious house of worship was built in 1783. New (Quaker) Meeting House, at Fourth and Arch Streets, was built in 1804, the ground having been donated by Penn in 1701. Here rest the remains of James Logan and a number of eminent Colonial heroes. First Presbyterian Church is a fine example of Colonial church architecture. The church was founded in 1698. Ben- jamin Franklin was a pewholder in 1735. Francis Allison, D.D., 1752-1779, Vice Provost of the University of Pennsylvania, and lohn Ewing, D D., 1759, Provost, were pastors. The present building was erected in 1820. It faces Washington Square, at the southeast corner of Seventh Street. 67 HOSPITALS, HOMES, PENAL INSTITUTES, ETC. There are one hundred and four hospitals in Philadelphia. In the central city the main ones are: The Pennsylvania Hos- pital, at Eighth and Pine Streets; Jefferson College Hospital, at Tenth and Sansom Streets, and Hahnemann Hospital, Fif- teenth and Race Streets. In West Philadelphia, the Philadelphia General, Thirty- fourth and Pine Streets; University, Thirty-fourth and Spruce Streets; Presbyterian. Thirty-ninth and Filbert Streets. College of Physicians. In South Philadelphia, Howard Hospital, Broad and Cath- arine Streets; St. Agnes's, Methodist, Broad and Wolf Streets North Philadelphia, St. Joseph's, Seventeenth Street and Girard Avenue; Lankenau (formerly German), Girard and Corinthian Avenues; Samaritan, Broad and Ontario Streets; Jewish, York Road and Tabor Street. Northeast Philadelphia, Episcopal, Front Street and Lehigh Avenue; St. Mary's, Frankford Avenue and Palmer Street. Among the hospitals of special interest might be mentioned the following: 68 The Pennsylvania Hospital, on Pine Street, from Eighth to Ninth, was chartered in 1752. It was the first hospital main- tained in the United States. Benjamin Franklin was active in its organization. The Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane separated from it in 1841, and, familiarly known as "Kirkbrides," extends from Forty-fourth to Forty-ninth Streets on Market Street. The Philadelphia Hospital, on Thirty-fourth Street, below Spruce, is a general city hospital of several thousand beds. It affords, for medical instruction, a larger variety of cases for clinical and bedside instruction than any other hospital. Its buildings and plants cover several city blocks. University Hospital. — Covers two city blocks at Thirty- fourth and Spruce Streets. It has a capacity of more than 500 beds, and has many wings and wards devoted to the study and treatment of special diseases. The Polyclinic and Medico-Chi Hospitals and Phipps Institute, in other parts of the city, are also part of this Hospital, and afford beds for 350 additional patients. Other hospitals connected with medical schools are Jefferson, at Tenth and Sansom Streets; Hahnemann, on North P>road Street; Samaritan and Garretson, connected with Temple University; and the Woman's Medical College Hospital. Special .Hospitals. — Of these there are many which have a national reputation, such as the American Oncologic, for the study and treatment of cancer; the Rush and Phipps Hospitals, for consumptives; the Wills Eye Hospital; the Municipal Hospi- tal, for contagious diseases, etc. The Philadelphia Asylum, at Byberry, is the County Alms House and also a home for the aged and feeble-minded charges of the city. Connected with it are extensive grounds and farms. There are too many charitable institutions in Philadelphia even to list here, therefore only a few of the more prominent are mentioned. The Pennsylvania Institution for the Instruction of the Blind is located at Ovcrbrook, a western suburb of Philadelphia, in a group of handsome buildings. It was founded in 1833. Two world celebrated cases of instruction of the blind are those of Laura Bridgman (1837) and of Helen Keller (1887), author and lecturer. It is a fascinating institution to visit. The Edwin Forrest Home for Actors and Actresses is established in Forrest's large country house at Holmesburg, Pa. The Naval Home, at Bainbridge Street and Gray's Ferry Avenue, was, from 1838 to 1845, used as the first U. S. Naval Academy. It is now used as a home for disabled sailors of the naval and merchant marine services. The Eastern Penitentiary, at Twenty-first Street and Fair- mount Avenue, was established in 1829. It is a State institution 69 and may be visited on weekdays between 2 and 4 P. M. by per- mit from the warden or inspectors. Among- the municipal penal institutes are the Philadelphia County Prison, at Tenth and Reed Streets; the .House of Cor- rection, at Holmesburg; the Convict Department of the County Prison, on the Pennypack Creek, the House of Detention of the Juvenile Court; Glen Mills Reformatory, for boys and girls. CLUBS, SOCIETIES, FRATERNITIES. Many of the Philadelphia clubs are unique institutions, and some are among the most exclusive in the country. Among these is the Philadelphia Club, at Thirteenth and Walnut Streets, membership in which is restricted largely to those who belong to families prominent in Colonial times. Another is the "State m Schuylkill," which is the oldest existing club in the United States, and probably in the world. It was founded in 1732, and was first located at the Falls of the Schuylkill. In 1822 it was moved to Gray's Ferry, and in 1887 to its present site on the upper Delaware near Andalusia. Another very prominent club is the Union League, which was organized in 1862 by patriotic citizens to sustain the Union cause. It occupies one of the most spacious club houses in the city, and is an influential factor in local, state and national politics. At such clubs as the Art, Sketch and Plastic, frequent ex- hibitions of works of art are held. Philadelphia is the American home of cricket, and supports a number of "Cricket Clubs," all of which have spacious grounds and buildings; besides these there are numerous country clubs within a few minutes' ride of the city. Some of these have grounds unequaled anywhere in America for natural beauty. In the list here given are several clubs devoted exclusively to women. Among the more prominent of these are the New Century, College, Acorn, Civic, Germantown Women's and Philomusian Clubs. Many dining and luncheon clubs have been organized with- in the last ten years. Among them are the Philadelphia Rotary Club, the Downtown Club, Kiwanis Club. Business Science Club, City Business Club, Old Colony Club, and others, which meet at luncheon at least once a week, when a brief address is given on some topic of immediate interest to the members. On Camac Street, east of Thirteenth and south of Walnut, are a num1)er of quaint dwellings which have been remodeled into comfortable club houses. Among these are the Franklin Inn Club, membership in which is devoted exclusively to authors and publishers of books; the Sketch and Plastic Clubs, 70 devoted to artists; the Poor Richard Club, devoted to adver- tising men; the Coin d'Or, the Stragglers, Meridians, and others. Connected with all colleges are a number of clubs and fraternities. Near the campus of the University of Pennsyl- vania there are at least seventy-five such organizations, many of which own modern fraternity houses. Girard Trust Building. The following is a partial list of the principal clubs of Philadelphia, many of which have beautiful and spacious club houses in the center of the city: Acacia Club (Masonic) Acorn Club Aero Club of Pennsylvania Aronimink Country Club Art Alliance Art and Science Club Art Club Athletic Club of Philadelphia Bachelors' Barge Club Bala Golf Club Belfield Country Club Belmont Driving Club Boosters' Club Bryn Mawr Polo Club Business Science Club Catholic Club Cedar Park Driving Club Chester Valley Hunt Church Club City Club City Business Club Civic Club Clover Club College Club Columbia Club Contemporary Club Corinthian Yacht Club Cornell Club 71 Crescent Boat Club Daughters of the American Revolu- tion, Philadelphia Chapter Daughters of the American Revolu- tion, Quaker City Chapter Democratic Club Devon Polo Club Dicken's Fellowship Downtown Club Engineers' Club Florist Club Fortnightly Club Franklin Chess Club Franklin Inn Club Cermantown Cricket Club (lermantown Women's Club Hamilton Club Houston Club (students) Huntingdon Valley Country Club Jewelers' Club Kiwanis Club Lawyers' Club Lenape Club Lincoln Club Malta Boat Club Manufacturers' Club Markham Club Mask & Wig Club Matinee Musical Club Mercantile Club Meridian Club Merion Cricket Club New Century Club Numismatic and Antiquarian Society of Phi'adelphia Old York Road Country Club Orpheus Club Overbrook Golf Club Over-Seas Club Pelham Club • Pen and Pencil Club Penn Club, (The) Pennsylvania Barge Club Pennsylvania Library Club Philadelphia Barge Club Philadelphia Club Philadelphia Country Club I'hiladelphia Cricket Club Philadelphia Fencers' Club Philadelphia Four-in-Hand C1u1j Philadelphia Music Club Philadelphia Operatic Society Philadelphia Skating Club and Hu- mane Society Philadelphia Sketch Club Philadelphia Yacht Club Philmont Country Club Philobiblon Club Philomusian Club Pickering Hunt Plays and Players Club Poor Richard Club Princeton Club Ouaker City Barge Club Rabbit (The) Racquet Club Radnor Hunt Rittenhouse Club Rose Tree Fox Hunting Club Rotary Club ; Salesmen's Club St. Andrew's Society of Philadelphia^ St. Anthony Club Schuylkill Navy Sedgley Club Sherwood Field Club Sons of Delaware Sons of the American Revolution State in Schuylkill State Society of the Cincinnati of Pennsylvania Sunnybrook Golf Club T-Square Club Transatlantic Society of America Undine Barge Club Lin ion League LTnion Republican Club LTniversity Club Vesper Boat Club White Marsh Valley Country Club White Marsh Valley Hunt Club Yachtsmen's Club Young People's Associations. — Like all large cities, Phila- delphia has many 3^oung people's associations. The Y. M. C. A. has a large central building at 1421 Arch Street. Among the branches are: The North Branch, at 1013 Lehigh Avenue; West Branch, Fifty-second and Sansom Streets; Southwest Branch, 1729 Christian Street; Navy Branch, Thirteenth and Shunk Streets; Pennsylvania Railroad Branch, Forty-first Street and Westminster Avenue; Philadelphia and Reading Branch, Ninth and Spring Garden Streets; South Branch, 1035 South Broad Street; Frankford Branch, 4677 Frankford Avenue; Colored Branch, 35 West Rittenhouse Street; Germantown Branch, 5849 Gerniantown Avenue; Lhiiversity of Pennsylvania, Houston Hall. ]\Iost of these are fully equipped with the usual library. 12 auditorium, gymnasium and swimming pools, restaurant and bed rooms, and all conduct schools and classes for the educa- tion of their members. The Young Men's Hebrew Association has a building at Masonic Temple. 1616 Master Street. Branches of the Young Women's Christian Association are located: Central, at Eighteenth and Arch Streets; Kensington, PTancock Street and Allegheny Avenue; Southwest- ern. 619 South Sixteenth Street; Germantown. 5820 Germantown 11 Avenue; Falls, 4100 Ridge Avenue; besides a number connected with various industrial and educational plants. Several main- tain what is practically an inexpensive hotel for girls who come to the city to work. ROTARY CLUB. The Rotary Club of Philadelphia was the eleventh Rotary Club in the United States to be organized. It has a membership of about 300, and maintains the organization for the purpose of promoting friendship among business and professional men of Philadelphia, establishing high ethical standards in business, increasing the efificiency of its members as the representatives of their respective businesses and professions, and quickening the First United States Bank Building on Third Street. interest of its members in the public welfare. Its motto is: "He Profits Most Who Serves Best." The membership is based on the unique plan of one active and representative man from each line of business or profession in the community. The club meets once a week at luncheon and once a month at dinner. Its offices are located at 506 Bulletin Building, City Hall Square. 74 The .Historical Society of Pennsylvania, at Thirteenth and Locust Streets, was founded in 1824, at a meeting at the house of Thomas I. Wharton, on Sixth Street between Chestnut and Walnut Streets, by Robert Vaux, Stephen Duncan, Thomas I. Wharton, William Rawle, Jr., Dr. Benjamin H. Coates, Dr. Caspar Wistar and George W. Smith. Its first meetings were held in Carpenters' Court. William Rawle was elected its first president in 1825, In November of that year he delivered his inaugural address at the University of Pennsylvania, and the society rented a room in the hall of the American Philosophical Society. After occupying various other quarters, the society, in 1882, bought the mansion at Thirteenth and Locust Streets, built by John Hare Powell in 1832, to which has been added the large fireproof addition, which was formally opened in 1910. The collections of the society are estimated to be worth not less than $2,500,000. The museums are open to the public. The Society for Organizing Charity was founded in 1879. Its offices are at 419 South Fifteenth Street, and it conducts a number of large enterprises. Its operations involve an annual outlay of about $150,000. The Colonial Society of Pennsylvania, composed of the descendants of the early families of the Province of Pennsyl- vania, was incorporated in 1874. The society publishes records of Pennsylvania history, which are deposited with the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. The Site and Relic Society of Germantown has a museum in Vernon Park; the City History Society meets monthly at the Girls' Normal School. The University Extension Society, which had its origin in America at the LTniversity of Pennsylvania, but which is now a separate organization, conducts each year a long series of lectures and entertainments by eminent scholars, artists and educators. These are given almost every evening in various centres of the city. The Geographical Society of Philadelphia was organized in 1891. It is located in the Witherspoon Building, Walnut below Broad Streets. It confers annually the "Elisha Kent Kane" Gold Medal for eminent geographical work. It has more than 1000 members. Social Functions — In no other American city are the social lines more firmly established or inore closely drawn than in Philadelphia. Although in recent years they may appear to have been somewhat relaxed, especially so far as residential sections are concerned, there are still many traditions and cus- toms which are and which will probably continue to be tena- ciously adhered to for many generations to come. Many of these date back to Colonial days; and some of them, such as "The Assembly," are cherished among the elite as the most 75 exclusive in America. The social status of a person once receiving an invitation to "The Assembly" is considered estab- lished. Among other time-honored institutions, but probably less exclusive, are such functions as the Wistar Parties, given by prominent members of the American Philosophic Society. The annual Mummers' celebration, or New Year's Shooters' Parade, on Broad Street, has also become a time-honored insti- tution, which attracts many thousands to the city each year. The Masonic Temple is at the comer of Broad and Filbert Streets. While not a large building, compared with some of the modern temples, it is a very interesting and beautiful example of Norman architecture, and is one of the most handsome and spacious buildings in existence devoted exclusively to Masonry. The Temple, Library and Museum are open to the public during the day. The first Masonic Temple in America occupied a site on Second Street below Chestnut. Washington, Franklin, Lafayette and other prominent men were members. The present temple was dedicated in 1873. Other Masonic bodies have buildings of their own. The Consistory has a temple at Broad and Race Streets, and the Shrine a temple on Spring Garden Street east of Broad. The latter organization has recently acquired a site on the Parkway, where it is proposed to erect a monumental building and audi- torium. UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. When the United States came into existence, there were twelve colleges and universities in America. The University of Pennsylvania was the third of these, having its origin in a Charity School, organized in 1740, which was merged with the Academy founded by Benjamin Franklin in 1749. The latter was chartered in 1753, and in 1755, by a second charter, became the College of Philadelphia, with power to confer the usual degrees. The Academy occupied a building erected at Fourth and Arch Streets in 1740. Li 1765, a school of medicine was started on Fifth Street above Walnut. In 1779, a new charter was granted to "The Trustees of the University of the State of Pennsylvania." which made it the first institution in the United States to be designated a university. It was also the first university in fact in North America, being the first educa- tio'nal institution to include professional schools with the col- lege^ In 1765 a medical school was added to the University, and in 1790 a law school. In 1791 it received its present corporate title. In 1802 the University was removed to Ninth and Chest- nut Streets, where the Postofiice now stands, where it occupied the building erected by the State as a residence for the President 76 of the United States. In 1829 this building was replaced by others erected for the College and Medical School. The first building on the present site in West Philadelphia was started in 1872, followed rapidly by other buildings. There are now more than seventy buildings, besides many club and fraternity houses, in the University group on a campus of more than 117 acres. These are located within ten minutes' ride of the centre of a metropolis of more than two million. The University has a student enrollment of almost 11,000, drawn annually from Provost's Tower frcm the Terrace, University Dormitories. every State in the Union, and from forty-five to fifty foreign countries and territories. There are nine schools connected with the University, with a total teaching staff of almost 800. The University now com- prises a college, in which are included the School of Arts, Sum- mer School, college courses for teachers, courses in biology, courses in music and courses preparatory to the study of medi- cine; the Wharton School of Finance and Commerce, in which are also included the School of Accounts and Finance in Phila- delphia and the Extension Schools of Finance and Accounts in n GROUP OF UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA BUILDINGS. Engineering HaU. Houston Hall. Law School. Medical HalL Dormitories. Museum Courtyard. Scranton, Wilkes-Barre, Harrisburg and Reading; the Towne Scientific School, in which are included courses in electrical, mechanical and civil engineering, chemistry and chemical engineering, and architecture; School of Education; Graduate School, Law School, School of Dentistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, School of Medicine and Post-Graduate School of Medicine, the latter having been recently formed by a consolida- tion with the Medico-Chirurgical College of Philadelphia, and the Polyclinic and College tor Graduates in Medicine. Con- nected with the University are many other mstitutions and fea- tures, among which might be mentioned: The Veterinary Hos- pital; the University Hospital, in which there are SOU beds, several dispensaries, a maternity hospital and many buildings devoted to special branches of hospital service; the Polyclinic Hospital of 300 beds in the wards; the Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, the Laboratory of Hygiene, the Univer- sity Library, the Astronomical Observatory, the Department of Physical Education, which includes the gymnasium and swim- ming pool; the course in military training, the psychological clinic, the Henry Phipps Institute for the Study and Treatment of Tuberculosis, the Training School for Nurses, the various series of public lectures, of which more than 150 are scheduled annually. Then there are a number of other organizations affiliated with the University, such as the Christian Association, which conducts a Settlement House in the southern part of the city and a farm in the Perkiomen Valley; the Athletic Associa- tion, which encourages practically every American collegiate sport, and which holds numerous games on Franklin Field. It also conducts a clubhouse for the crew on the banks of the Schuylkill in Fairmount Park. The thirty dormitory houses of the University form one of the most complete groups of its kind. This system, together with the Houston Club, has welded together in a close bond of fellowship the great cosmopolitan body of students, and has resulted in fostering a democratic spirit at the University. From an educational viewpoint, during the past twenty years the student enrollment of the University of Pennsylvania has increased at a more rapid rate than that of any other American university, and this in spite of the fact that the standards of admission have been raised annually, so that now all schools except one have a full four years' course; two re- quire college degrees for admission, another at least two years of college work and all of the others graduation from a standard high school. At the same rate of increase the University should have, by 1923, almost 15,000 students and a teaching staff of more than 1000. It has, for many years, been the dream of the writer to have the land and buildings between Thirty-third and Thirty- 79 fourth Streets, for a stretch of about a mile, between the campus and Fairmount Park, condemned and made into a wide boulevard similar to the Champs Elysees in Paris, connecting the present campus, as it should be, with the park and with the Parkway across the Spring Garden bridge. The University means more to the city than any other single enterprise, and the city should do this as a matter of civic pride. It is to be hoped that an organization such as the Philadelphia Rotary Club will father this project and push it at least far enough to have it put upon the city plans. Medical Building From the Dormitory Terrace. A SHORT TRIP THROUGH THE UNIVERSITY. The following is a "lecture" prepared by the writer of this guide-book for a sight-seeing automobile company whose cars come through the University grounds. It will be found of value to those who wish to visit the University in the shortest time, and without retracing footsteps. 80 Approach the University from Thirty-fourth and Chestnut Streets. At the southwest corner is the Law School Building, which was erected in 1900. It is devoted exclusively to the teaching of law, and is considered one of the best specimens in America of English classical architecture of the time of William and Mary. This is the earliest University Law School in the United States, its first professor having been appointed in 1790. In this building are also housed the historical law collections of the Pennsylvania I]ar Associations. In going along Thirty-fourth to Woodland Avenue, many of the private dwellings within a radius of three or four squares of the campus are occupied by student clubs and fraternities. The Dormitories From the Bontanic Gardens. The four brick houses to the right are known as "Sergeant Hall," used as a dormitory for women students. The building to the left, at the fork of the road, is the Zeta Psi House. To the right is the Phi Delta Theta. There are about seventy-five Greek letter fraternities, about forty of which have club houses similar to these. The vacant lot in the square ahead to the left, on Thirty-fourth Street between Walnut and Spruce, is the site for the proposed Educational School Building; the first building is the Randal Morgan Laboratory of Physics; then the Laboratory of Hygiene, and the last one, the John Harrison Laboratory of Chemistry. On the right hand side of the street, the large red structure on the campus is the General Library 81 Building, erected in 1891, and the Duhring Memorial Stack, erected iii 1915. it contains more than 500,000 volumes, among which are many notable and rare collections of books; one of these is the "Memorial Library of the Publications of the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania and Her Sons," which contains several thousand volumes of writings by University of Pennsylvania men. (Going west on Woodland Avenue, and approaching the middle of the square.) The large centrally located, ivy-covered building in the middle of the campus to the left is College Hall. This was erected in 1873, and is one of the original group of buildings to be located in West Philadelphia. The academic or arts courses are given in this building. The houses to the right of us are known as "Fraternity Row," and are occupied by the Delta Phi, Delta Tau Delta, Beta Theta Phi, and Omega Tau Sigma. The two-story structure is "the Daily Penn- sylvanian Building," formerly occupied by the Alumni Society. More than 80,000 men have attended the University since it was founded, and those now living are all eligible to membership in this society. The first floor is occupied by "The Pennsylvanian," a daily newspaper published by the students. There are eleven other weekly and monthly magazines published at the Univer- sity. The next building on the campus to the left is Logan Hall, which is also one of the original buildings. It was for- merly occupied by the ^ledical School, but is now the home of the Wharton School of Finance and Commerce. This school was established in 1883, and was the first of its kind in the world. ]\Tany other university schools, have since been organized along similar lines. The building at the corner, on the right, is the Phi Kappa Sigma House, a national Greek-letter fraternity which was organized at Pennsylvania in 1850. Opposite are the houses of Nu Sigma Nu and Delta Kappa Epsilon; above Locust on Thirty- sixth Street is the Acacia House, a college fraternity composed entirely of students belonging to the ]\Iasonic order. The gray building in front, at the fork of the roads, is the Psi Upsilon House, another Greek-letter fraternity; behind it are the homes of the Delta Upsilon and the Phi Sigma Kappa, and opposite the Phi Gamma Delta. In the little street (^^IcAlpin) is the site of the new Acacia House, and the Lenape Club of the faculty. At the southeast corner of Thirty-sixth and Walnut Streets is to be constructed a ten-story dormitory building to accommo- date 850 women. A hundred feet further, on the north side of Locust Street are the Delta Psi and Phi Kaopa Psi Houses. The large yellow l)uilding to the left is the Wistar Institute of Anatomy. This is the only institute of its kind in America, and was founded in 1892, although the museum which it houses, 82 GROUP OF UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA BUILDINGS. Memorial Tower, Dormitories. Astronomical Observatory. Settlement Building. Gymnasium. Franklin Field. Chemical Laboratory. Dormitory Terrace. which is open to tlie public, was begun in 1808. The buildings cover the entire block. The vacant lot w^ith tennis courts to the right (about the middle of the square), is the site of the new home of the Wharton School. Approaching the dormitories, the tower directly before us, to the left, is the main entrance to one of the dormitory courtyards, known as "The Triangle." The Memorial Tower was dedicated in 1901, and is a memorial to the Penn- sylvania students and alumni who were engaged in the Spanish- American War. (Pass along the Woodland Avenue side of the dormi- tories.) These dormitory buildings were begun in 1895, and when finished will enclose five courtyards. The group now consists of thirty-two separate buildings, each named for an eminent alumnus, or for its donor. All face five courtyards within and have no doorways leading to the street. At present about a thousand students can be accommodated. When the system is completed it will include a dining hall and an auditor- ium. The architecture is the old Tudor Gothic style, and the dormitories with their wide courtyards strongly suggest the Ox- ford and Cambridge Colleges of England. Every student, rich or poor, receives the same service, accommodations and fur- nishings, the only distinction being in the location of the rooms. The architecture of these dormitories and most of the modern buildings on the campus, is of the same general style, which originated at this University and has been followed by many other institutions. (Approaching Thirty-ninth and Woodland Avenue.) To the right are the buildings of the Veterinary School and Hos- pital of the University. This plant is the most spacious and best equipped veterinary building and hospital in America. The buildings occupy almost an entire square, and are constructed around a courtyard. The State Livestock Sanitary Board also has its laboratories here. One square alcove, at Fortieth and Spruce Streets, is the Evans Dental Institute and Dental School of the University of Pennsylvania. It is the largest and best equipped plant in existence for teaching dentistry. It houses the most famous dental school in the world, which attracts m^ny students from foreign countries. In its hall more than 50,000 free treat- ments and operations are performed annually. (At Fortieth and Pine Streets.) On the north side of P'ne Street, No. 4037, is the Provost's House, a gift to the University by the Mask and Wig Club, endowed by the alumni, and now occupied by various University offices. (Turning around and going into Hamilton Walk.) We are now entering Hamilton Walk through a Memorial Gate pre- sented by the Class of 1873. There are a number of these beau- 84 tiful gates and memorials in various parts of the campus. The stretch before us is Hamilton Walk. On either side are trees which have been planted as memorials to eminent Pennsyl- vanians. To the left are the dormitory houses, which form the southern boundary of various courts. The first building to the right is the Zoological Building. It contains ninety-two rooms, and is devoted entirely to study and research work in zoology. The next building is the Vivarium, which contains fresh and salt water tanks for live specimens for zoological research. The next building to the right, completely covered with ivy, is Botanical Hall, and immediately in the rear are the green- houses; among the plants housed there are a number of rare and valuable collections of orchids and fly-trap plants. In the Evans Dental School, University of Pennsylvania. hall itself are the famous Bartram and Stille Botanical Libraries. Behind this group of buildings are the botanical gardens, in which are several thousand species and varieties of plants. The gardens, which are open to the public, cover four acres, and with the beautiful lily and lotus ponds form one of the most attractive features of the campus. (Going further down the walk.) To the right is the Medi- cal Laboratory Building. The medical school of the Univer- sity is the oldest in North America, having been founded in 1765. The school occupies six educational buildings, of which this is the most imposing. The architecture is in keeping with 85 the other new structures of the University. To the left is the site for the extension of the dormitory system. This will ultimately be completely enclosed with dormitory buildings. The frame building to the left is the old-time dining hall, now used by the Architectural School as a studio. (Going north on Thirty-sixth Street.) To the south is the Philadelphia Hospital, with a capacity of more than 5000 patients, where the University medical students fre- quently have bedside instruction. To the right are two squares of hospital buildings belonging to the University, with a capacity of almost 500 beds. The brick building immediately to the right is the Maternity Building. The next buildings to our left are part of the dormitory system, and form part of the boundaries of the east and south quads. They are the Thomas Penn House, Graduate House and the Provosts' Tower, the latter being dedicated to the men who served as Provosts since the beginning of the University, and the Mask and Wig House on the corner. It was near here that Muybridge. under the auspices of the University of Pennsylvania, conducted his final experiments which led to the discovery of and made possible the modern moving pictures. (Passing through the Class of 72 ]\lemorial Gate and turn- ing down Spruce Street.) To the left is the Robert Hare Chemi- cal Laboratory, used by the medical students. The brick build- ing to the right is the William Pepoer Clinical Laboratory, a memorial to the father of the late Provost Pepper. The nexi building to the right is the Clinical Building of the Hospital. It is planned to reconstruct the front elevations of all of the hos- pital buildings to conform to this one. The gatewav ooposite is the Memorial Gate of the Class of '93; beyond it in the dis- tance one sees several fraternity houses, and also the rears of Logan Hall and College Hall. The gray stone building to the left is Houston Hall, the home of the Houston Club, to which more than 8000 students and alumni of the University belong. The building was named in memory of Henry Howard Houston, Jr., a graduate of the Class of 1878, the hall being the gift of his parents. The archi- tecture is Elizabethan. The building is furnished and equipped as well as the most exclusive clubs in the city. Upon the walls of this building are so many portraits of Provosts and eminent alumni, and memorial tablets to illustrious Pennsylvanians, that the students sometimes refer to their club house as "The West- minster Abbey of Pennsylvania." This club is the geographical center of the University, and around it revolves the social life of the students. Here the men of all departments, rich and poor, fraternity and non-fraternity men of all conditions of life and of all nationalities, meet daily on common ground. This movement also originated at Pennsylvania, and has been one of the most 86 successful factors in fostering a democratic spirit among the students. The Houston Club idea has been taken up by other educational institutions and there are now many similar organi- zations throughout the country. The next building to the right is the main entrance to the University Hospital; and the next, the Agnew Surgical Pavilion, named in honor of the late D. Hayes Agnew, the eminent Ameri- can surgeon who was so long connected with the University. The building next to it at the corner is the Surgical Building of the Hospital, and l:)ehind it are the dormitories for the Nurses' Training School. Here will be built the Post Graduate School of Medicine of the University. Parts of this school are now located in the Medico-Chi Hospital of the University at Eighteenth Street and the Parkway, and at the Polyclinic Hospital, at Nineteenth and Lombard Streets. Veterinary School, University of Pennsylvania, To the left is a section of campus showing the rear of Col- lege Hall and the Library. The next building on the left is the Light, Heat and Power Station. This station supplies light, heat and power to all of the University buildings, and heats about 21,000,000 cubic feet of air space. It consumes at times 130 tons of coal a day. The next building on the left is the John Harrison Laboratory of Chemistry — the gift of the former Provost and his brothers. In this building are the offices of th.- present Provost, Dr. Edgar F. Smith. The building to the right is a section of the University Museum. This section was erected in 1897, and the large dome in the rear was finished in 1915. It is considered one of the most beautiful architectural monuments in the city. The Museum 87 Building when completed will cover twelve acres of ground, and will cost more than $3,000,000. The section you now see is about one-sixth of the building as it will be. The architecture is the only specimen of its kind in America, and is similar to the style which prevailed in Italy in the thirteenth century. The building contains a very valuable collection of antiquities, among them being the famous clay bricks from Babylon, an American Indian collection, and the earliest known fragments of the Gos- pel. The statue on the terrace is that of the late Provost Wil- liam Pepper. In the rear are the grounds for the extension Phipps Institute of the University of Pennsylvania. of the University, and the buildings of the Commercial ^lu- seums. _(Turnin.u- up Thirty-third Street.) To the right are the Gym- nasium and Franklin Field. These represent an outlay of more than a million dollars. The field, which can accommodate about 30,000 people, is the scene of most of Pennsylvania's foot- ball, baseball, track and miscellaneous athletic contests, and for many years was also the scene of the annual football game between the United States Naval and Military Academies. In the gymnasium is a swimming pool which extends ahiiost the entire length of the ground floor. The red brick building to the left is the Architectural School, the largest and most excellent school of its kind in America. The building directly in front of this is the Engineer- ing Hall. It has a floor area of 128,000 square feet, and houses the Mechanical, Civil and Electrical Engineering Departments. This itinerary covers most of the important buildings of the University, with the exception of the Astronomical Obser- vatory, on the West Chester Pike, which is open to visitors every Thursday night; the Phipps Institute for the Treatment and Study of Tuberculosis, the Southeastern Dispensary, and the University Neighborhood House; the Medico-Chi and Poly- clinic Hospitals buildings. These are located in other parts of the city. What is here mentioned can give one only a brief ^ . .-' m^«^>^~-i ^-~> - «^^°^°°**^-.^ ferf^ 7 \1.> ^^8kJ|K§^ 1 m ^^^^ ^^^C^P ^ m A Bird's-Eye View of the University Campus of 117 Acres. insight into the physical equipment of this great institution. To investigate thoroughly its educational side would take many weeks of close observation, and to learn anything of the stu- dents' life, one must live among them. The campus and all the buildings and museums are open to the public from sunrise to sunset, and every visitor is sure of a cord'al welcome. RAILROADS. The Pennsylvania Railroad Stations are at Fifteenth and Market Streets, Thirty-second and ^larket Streets and North Philadelphia Station— the two latter being points of stoppmg 89 and departure of several fast through trains — and at Market Street terries for New Jersey and seashore points. bridge trains are also run to Atlantic City from Broad Street. The Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Terminal is at Twelfth and Market Streets, from wdiich trains leave for the Schuylkill Valley, Lehigh Valley and Xew York. The South Jersey depot is at Chestnut Street ferries, for trains to Atlantic City and other coast resorts. The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Depot is at Twenty- fourth and Chestnut Streets. From this point trains may be taken for New York, Baltimore, Washington and all principal points south and west. Its route to Washington is especially picturesque. The Philadelphia and Western is a finely equipped electric road, to Norristown, Bethlehem, Stroudsburg and Delaware Water Gap. It is a particularly convenient road for visiting Haverford, Bryn Mawr and other towns in the suburban sec- tion. PHILADELPHIA'S STREET CAR SYSTEM. Street cars in Philadelphia are operated by the Philadelphia Rapid Transit Company, whose downtown offices are in tli, Land Title Building. An information bureau, at Eighth and Dauphin Streets, is available at all hours by 'phone for the pur- pose of answering inquiries relating to timetables, car routes, transfer and exchange points, lost articles and other informa- tion. There are seventy-four separate surface routes comprising about 638 miles of track. There are about 3000 passenger cars. In the business district east of Broad Street, even numbered streets serve southbound cars, and odd numbered streets 'north- bound cars. West of Broad Street, even numbered streets serve northbound cars, and odd numbered streets serve southbound cars. The elevated-subway system, comprising about fifteen miles of double track, extends from Sixty-ninth and Market Streets by elevated to the Schuylkill River, thence by subway under Market Street to Front Street, thence along Delaware Avenue river front by an elevated extension to South Street. Several of the West Philadelphia surface lines have their terminal in the Market Street subway at City Hall. Philadelphia is the only large city in the country where street car fares are still five cents. Direct routes and "L" sur- face lines connect residential sections with the central business section. Free transfers between connecting surface lines are given at many points, and al'^o between the surface lines and the Market Street elevated-subway at stations west of Thirty- second Street. 90 On certain of the lines an eight-cent fare entitles a pas- senger to an exchange ticket, good upon certain designated lines at the intersecting points. It is possible in Philadelphia to ride for a five-cent fare without change of cars in a forward direction a distance of 13.63 miles. The longest ride by use of a free transfer is 14.35 miles. The longest ride on an exchange ticket is 20.37 miles. Cars stop only at the near side of the street; stops are indicated by a yellow band on the nearest pole. The various routes are designated by numerals conspicu- ously displayed on the front of the car. The destination toward which the car is moving is also indicated on the front of the car. The company is under the management of E. T. Stotes- bury as chairman of the board of directors, and T. E. Mitten as president and chairman of the executive committee. This management has attracted attention throughout the country because of its stand for a continuance of the basic five-cent fare, and because" of its success in dealing with its employes through a plan of collective bargaining and co-operative wel- fare, which has been applied and perfected by President Mitten during the past nine years. In 1912-13, the Department of City Transit (a branch of the municipal government) prepared plans for a system of high- speed subway-elevated lines, to cost upwards of $120,000,000, to be built by the city. At the present time only one of the pro- posed city-built lines is under construction, i. e., the Frank- ford "L," and it is hoped to have this in operation by the winter of 1920-21. Negotiations are pending between the city and the Rapid Transit Company for the operation of this line. HOTELS, APARTMENT HOUSES AND RESTAURANTS. Philadelphia has some of the largest, the most richly appointed and famous hotels in America. Among these may be mentioned the Aldine, on Chestnut Street above Nineteenth, on the site of the house of John Rush; the Adelphia, Chestnut Street near Thirteenth^ the Bellevue-Stratford, at Broad and Walnut Streets; the Ritz-Carlton, one of the latest and most imposing, and the Walton, at Broad a^nd Locust Streets. Among those, less expensive but prominent, in the central part of the city are Colonnade, Green's, Hanover. Vcndig, Coivtinental, Stenton. Windsor and Rittenhouse. There are a number of nroiects on foot for the construction of several large hotels in Philadelphia, one at Eleventh and Chestnut Streets, one on the present site of the Continental, and another on Fifteenth Street ne?r Chestnut. The following is a partial alphabetical list of the larger 91 hostclries. Those marked "A" are apartment houses or apart- ment hotels. "R" means restaurant only. Most of the hotels and apartment houses have well-known restaurants. Adelphia, Arcadia (R), Bahls (R), Bartram (A), Belgravia (A), Bellevue- Stratford, Bingham, Bookbinder's (R), Boothby's (R), Bourse (R), Cheri (R), Clinton (A), Colonnade, Continental, Coving- ton (A), Delmar-Morris (A), Dooner's, Gladstone (A). Green's, Hamilton Court (A), Hamilton, Hanover, Knickerbocker (R), Lauber (R), Lincoln (A), Longacre (A), L'Aiglon (R), Lor- raine, Majestic, Montevista (A), Normandie (A), Pelham Court (A), Pennsylvania Railroad (R), Reading Terminal (R), Ridge- ( way, Rittenhouse (A), Ritz-Carlton, Royal (A), St. Francis, St. James, Sherwood, Soulas (R), Stenton, Swarthmore (A), Tou- raine (A), Tracy (A), Vendig, Walton, Wilmot, Windsor, Y. M. C. A. (R), York, Zeisse. PRINCIPAL OFFICE BUILDINGS. Although Philadelphia did not become a skyscraper city until within comparatively recent years, it now has many build- ings which have fifteen or more stories, and at least two of those mentioned in the list below will have thirty-two stories. Many of the tall buildings in Philadelphia are beautiful from an archi- tectural viewpoint, and have much of interest other than mere height. In the following list are included the more prominent buildings in the downtown district: Atlantic Refining Com- pany, Bailey, Baker, Bell Telephone, Bourse. Brown Brothers, Bulletin, Bullitt, Commercial Trust, Commonwealth Trust, Crozer, Curtis, Denckla, Drexel, Empire, Federal Reserve, Fidelity (to be constructed). Fidelity Mutual, Finance, Flanders, Forrest, Franklin, Franklin Bank, Gimbel's, Harri- son, Lafayette, Land Title, Ledger, Liberty, Lincoln, Lit's, Manhattan, Mariner and Merchant, Medical Arts, Metropoli- tan, Morris, North American, Otis, Parkway, Penfield, Penn Mutual, Penn Square, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Railroad, Perry, Pitcairn, Presser, Professional, Real Estate Trust, Read- ing Terminal, Record. Snellenburg's, Stephen Girard, Stock Exchange, Strawbridge and Clothier, Wanamaker's, Washing- ton, Weightman, West End Trust, Widener, Witherspoon. THEATRES AND PLACES OF AMUSEMENTS. There are in Philadelphia no less than 400 theatres, moving picture houses, halls and places of amusement. The principal attractions in these are advertised in the amusement columns of all the Philadelphia daily papers. Philadelphia Rotary's rep- resentatives are Harry T. Jordan, head of the Keith's Theatres in Philadelphia; Frank W. Buhler, managing director of the 92 Stanley chain of moving picture theatres; Thomas M. Love, representing the old legitimate theatres, and John R. Davies, president of the Willow^ Grove Park Company. The Walnut Street Theatre, at Ninth and Walnut Streets, was built in 1806, and is said to be the oldest theatre in America. It will soon be replaced by a modern theatre. Muybridge, who invented the modern movies in 1872 and perfected his researches in Philadelphia under the auspices of the University, had the first moving picture theatre in the world at the Chicago Fair in 1893. ARMORIES, MILITARY ORGANIZATIONS, AT.HLETIC FIELDS, ETC. First City Troop^ — The armory of this Troop is located on Twenty-third Street above Chestnut. The Troop was organized in 1774 and its membership has always been and still is restricted to the sons of the best families in Philadelphia. It was Wash- ington's escort and took a prominent part in the battle of Princeton, Whenever the President of the United States or other eminent statesmen have visited Philadelphia this Troop has acted as escort. The Troop has a splendid war record, having taken an active part in the Civil, Spanish-American and Great Wars. All the other armories of the National Guard, except one, are located on Broad Street: The First Regiment Armory, at Callowhill; the Second Regiment Armory, above Diamond Street; the Third Regiment Armory, above Wharton, and the State Fencible Armory, near Race Street. The latter is another military organization which dates back to Colonial days. It has recently become a battalion of the Sixth Regiment. Another large armory was recently erected by the State at Thirty-second and Lancaster Avenue, for the various troops of State cavalry stationed in Philadelphia. The building and drill shed occupy an entire city block. Among the big public athletic fields, other than those con- nected with various schools, athletic and country clubs, is Franklin Field, of the University of Pennsylvania, at Thirty- third and Spruce Streets, which has a seating caoacitv of about 30,000, which may in the near future be increased to double that size. The grounds of the National League Baseball Club are at Broad and LIuntingdon Streets; and Shibe Park, the grounds of the American League Club, at Twenty-first and Lehigh Ave- nue. Point Breeze Park is at Twentv-seventh and Penrose Avenue, and the Philadelphia Country Fair Grounds at Byberry. At the latter each year is given a county fair. 93 STREETS IN PHILADELPHIA and HOUSE NUMBERING PLAN EAST AND WEST STREETS North I Market 700 Fairmount Avenue 2300 Dti uphill Filbert 800 Brown Dakota Commerce Parrish 2400 York Church 900 Poplar Boston Ave. 100 Arch Laurel 2500 Cumberland Cherry- 1200 Girard Avenue Sergeant 200 Race Stiles 2600 Huntingdon l-lorist 1300 Thompson Oakdale xVew Seybert 2700 Lehigh Ave. Spring 1400 Master Seltzer Winter Sharswood 2800 Somerset 300 Vine 1500 Jefferson Auburn Wood Redner 2900 Cambria Carlton 1600 Oxford Monmouth 400 Callowhili Turner 3000 Indiana Ave. Willow 1700 Columbia Ave. 3100 Clearfield Noble 1800 Montgomery Ave. 3200 Allegheny Ave. Hamilton 1900 Berks 3300 Westmoreland 500 Buttonwood Monument 3400 Ontario Spring Garden 2000 Norris 3500 Tioga. Brandywine Page 3600 Venango 600 Green Fontain 3700 Erie Ave. Mt. Vernon 2100 Diamond 3800 Butler Wallace Edgely 3900 Pike Melon 22G0 Susquehanna Ave. South 4000 Luzerne I Market 800 Catharine 2000 McKean Minor Hadfield Emily Ranstead One en 2100 Snvder Ave. Ludlow 900 Christian Cantrell 100 Chestnut Montrose 2200 Jackson Sanson.! 1000 Carpenter Tree Library 1 100 Washington Ave. 2300 Wolf Dock Ellsworth Durfor 200 Walnut Annin 2400 Ritner Chancellor 1200 Federal 2S00 Porter Locust Manton 2600 Shunk Irving 1300 Wharton 2700 Oregon Ave. 300 Spruce Sears 2800 Johnson De Lancey Earp 2900 Bigler 400 Pine 1400 Reed 3000 Pollock Osage Wilder 3100 Packer Addison 1500 Dickinson 3200 Curtain 500 Lombard Greenwich 3300 Geary Larchwood 1600 Tasker 3400 Hartranft Hazel ]\Iountain 3500 Hoyt Cedar 1700 Morris 3600 Thirty-sixth Ave. Gaskill Pierce 3700 Thirty-seventh 600 South 1800 Moore Ave. Kater Siegel 3800 Thirtv-eighth Ave. 700 Bainbridge I9CO Mini in 3900 Thirty -ninth Ave. Fitzwater Dudley 4000 Fortieth Ave. Walton 94 NORTH AND SOUTH STREETS 600 800 Front I Tope Howard Letitia Waterloo New Market Mascher Mutter Hancock Palethorp Tilghnian Second Philip Dilman Strawljerry Bank Bread American Bodine Third Bank Ave. Walnut Place Galloway Orianna Fourth York Ave. Feithgow Lawrence Orkney Fifth Reese Randolph Fairhill Sixth Wendle Marshall Sheridan Seventh Beulah Franklin Perth Eighth Mildred Darieu Schell Ninth Percy Hutchinson Delhi Tenth Alder War nock Clifton Eleventh Jessup Marvine Sartain Good'-.ian Twelfth Fawn Camac Iseminger [500 1600 1800 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 Thirteenth Clariun juniper Park Ave. Watts Broad Rosewood Carlisle Burns Fifteenth Hicks Sydenham ■ Mole Sixteenth Pulaski Ave. Bancroft Wilmington Smedley Chadwick Seventeenth Perkiomen Colorado Bouvier Cameron Eighteenth Orr Cleveland Gratz Dorrance Nineteenth West Logan Sq. Priscilla Garnet Uber Opal Twentieth Donath Corinthian Windsor Woodstock Capitol Lambert Clarissa Twenty-first Norwood Van Pelt Beechwood Twenty-second Croskey Twenty -third Bonsall Judson Bucknell Twenty-fourth Ringgold Taylor Twenty-fifth Stillman Bambrey Twenty-sixth P>ailey Taney 2700 2800 2900 3000 3300 3400 3500 3600 3700 3800 3900 4000 4300 4400 4500 4600 Chang Twenty-seventh Etting Marston Pennock Twenty-eighth Newkirk Dover Twenty-ninth Hollywood Myrtlewood Thirtieth Corlies Stanley Thirty-first Napa Patton Thirty-second Natrona Douglass Thirty -third Spangler Thirty-fourth Shedwick Warfield Thirty-fifth Harmony Grove Thirty-sixth McAlpin Thirtv-seventh DeKalb Thirty-eighth Lowber Saunders Thirtv-ninth State Sloan Union Fortieth Woodland Terrace Wiota Preston Budd Forty-first Palm Holly Forty-second St. Marks Square Brooklyn Ilutton Forty-third Pallas Forty-fourth Belmont Mica Forty-fifth Melville Forty-sixth Jane Markoe 95 4800 May Farragut Terrace (iray's Ferry Forty-seventh Moss Forty-eighth F'allon Hanson Forty-ninth Greylock St. Bernard Fiftieth Farson Dearborne Fifty-first Paxson Creighton Ramsey Fifty-second Wilton Aberdeen Lindenwood Fifty-third Brooks Ave. 5600 s8oo Peach Ruby Fifty-fourth C'onestoga Sickels Yewdell Fifty-fifth Allison Vodges Fifty-sixth Ithan Frazier Fifty-seventh Alden Cecil Fifty-eighth Wanamaker Flobart Fifty-ninth Redfield Sal ford Sixtieth Edgewood Millick fiuK. Sixty-first Dewey Robinson 620.. Sixty-secoiul Cemetery Lane Hirst Felton Wilkinson 6300 Sixty-third Gross Highland 6400 Sixty-fourth Marlyn Road Simpson 6500 Sixty-fifth Daggett 6600 Sixty-sixth Shields Gould 6700 Sixty-seventh 7200 Seventy-second 7300 Seventy-third Island Road The Courtyard of the Museum of the University of Pennsylvania. 96 PRINCIPAL DIAGONAL STREETS Running Northwest Parkway Lancaster Avenue Ridge Avenue Oxford Avenue Haverford Avenue Germantown Avenue Bustleton Avenue Running Southwest Woodland Avenue Passyunk Avenue Penrose Ferry Road Baltimore Avenue Moyamensing Avenue Gray's Ferry Road Running Northeast Roosevelt (N. E.) Boule- Kensington Avenue Godfrey Avenue vard Frankford (Bristol Pike) Glenwood Avenue PHILADELPHIA'S FIRSTS. 1682 — First public pleasure grounds in America. 1684 — First iron, pottery and glass works. 1685 — First Almanac in colonies, "American Messenger," William Bradford. 1688 — First protest against human slavery (Germantown). 1690 — First paper mill, William Rittenhouse, on Wissahickon Creek. 1698 — First public school, incorporated in 1698. 1698 — First school book in Philadelphia, Pastorius. 1706 — First presbytery, organized by seven ministers, 1710 — Philadelphia begins to lead in shipbuilding. 1712 — First ocean merchantman launched in America. 1712 — First workhouse in America provided for. 1718 — First American printing press, Adam Ramage. 1719— First fire engine bought for public purposes. 1727 — Oldest learned society in the New World, "The American Philosophi- cal Society," organized by Franklin. 1728 — First weekly newspaper, "The Universal Instructor in All Arts and Sciences and Pennsylvania Gazette," Keimer. 1728 — First botanical garden, John Bartram. 1730 — First turnpike road, Lancaster Pike. 1730 — Mariner's quadrant invented by Thomas Godfrey. 1731 — First public library, founded by Franklin. 1732 — First German newspaper, the "Philadelphia Zeitung," Franklin. 1733 — First fire engine made in America, by Anthony Nicholls. 1736 — First volunteer fire company, the "Union." 1740 — Beginning of the first university in North America (University of Pennsylvania). 1741 — Franklin published the "General Magazine and Historical Chronicle for All the British Plantations in America." 1742— First American work on botany, John Bartram. 1742— First American type founding, Christopher Saur. 1743 — First German Bible, Christopher Saur. One folio of the third edition, printed in 1777, was used to make cartridges at the time of the Battle of Germantown. 1749 — First company of American stage players. 1752 — First proof that lightning and electricity were one and the same, Franklin. 1752— First hospital (Pennsylvania). 1752— First fire insurance company in America (the Hand in Hand). 1753 — First American expedition left for Arctic exploration. 1753 — First bell cast in America (for State House). 1753-1773 — The first teaching of modern physics by Ebenezer Kinnersley. 1754 — Arrangement and development of the college curriculum (at University of Pennsylvania) adopted by Yale, Harvard, and all later colleges. 1754— Inauguration of the free school system (University of Pennsylvania), 1762 — First School of Anatomy, Dr. William Shippen 1765 — First Medical College (University of Pennsylvania). 97 - 1766 — First permanent theatre, Cedar, in Southwark. 1767 — First American drama, "The Prince of Parthia," by Thomas Godfrey, Jr. 1768 — First medical commencement. 1768 — First Medical Society founded by students. 1768^-First astronomical instrument made in America, David Rittenhouse. 1769 — Observations of the transit of Venus from State House Yard, determin- ing the sun's parallax correctly for the first time. 1769 — First life insurance society. 1773 — Philadelphia "Tea Party." 1774 — Continental Congress. 1774— Articles of Confederation. 1775 — First organization of manufacturers, "The United Company of Penn- sylvania for the Establishment of American Manufactures." 1775 — First carpets woven on American looms, William Calverley. 177s — First piano made in America, John Behrent. 1776 — Proclamation of the Declaration of Independence. 1780 — Robert Morris financed the Revolution. 1780 — First public bank in the United States— the Pennsylvania Bank, 1780 — First American work on medicine by Dr. Benjamin Rush. 1781 — First bank chartered by Congress — the Bank of North America. 1783 — First English Lutheran Church. 1783 — First Free Quaker meeting-house erected. 1783 — First trade journal, "The Price Current." 1784 — First daily newspaper, "Pennsylvania Packet and Daily Advertiser." 1785 — First American edition of Shakespeare, Bioren & Madan. 1785 — First Agricultural Society in America. 1786 — First American Episcopal Book of Prayer. 1786 — First vessel successfully propelled by steam, operated on the Delaware July 26th, by John Fitch. 1786 — Protestant Episcopal Church of North America organized. 1787 — First church in America owned by persons of color; St. Thomas' Afri- can Methodist Episcopal. 1787 — Constitutional Convention and the Constitution. 1787 — First College of Physicians and Surgeons. 1789— James Rhea Barton, surgeon, invented the "figure of eight bandage for the head" (University of Pennsylvania). 1790 — First law professorship in America established. 1790 — First astronomical observatory, David Rittenhouse. 1790 — First Abolition Society. 1791 — First Supreme Court of the United States. 1791 — First carpet mills established in America. 1791— Caspar Wistar founded the collections of the Wistar Institute oi Anatomy and Biology. 1791-1811— First Bank of the United States. 1792— First United States Mint (Seventh Street below Arch). 1792 — David Rittenhouse devised machinery and dies for making United States coins. 1792— James Woodhouse demonstrated that oxygen was given off by living plants. 1794— First United States patent for textile machinery granted to Thomas Davenport. 1796 — First Unitarian Society in America — Joseph Priestley. 1797— First United States frigate, "The United States," built by Joshua Humphreys. 1798— First American novelist, Charles Brockden Brown, "Wieland." 1800 — First United States Arsenal, Gray's Ferry Road. 1800 — First United States Navy Yard. 1802— First oxygen blowpipe, Dr. Robert Hare. 1802 — First juvenile magazine. 1803— John R. Young determined the presence of a digestive acid and the ferment action of the gastric juice. 1804 — First automobile (steam), Oliver Evans. 1805— First permanent art institution, the Academy of the Fine Arts. 98 i8o5— Philip Syng Physick first surgeon in the world to use absorbable animal ligatures. 1806 — James Woodhouse probably antedated Davy in the discovery of po- tassium. ■"' 1809 — First laying of railroad tracks (near BulTs Head Tavern). 1809 — First life insurance corporation, the Pennsylvania Company for In- surances on Lives and Granting Annuities. 1812 — Stephen Girard and the finances of the War of 1812. 1813 — First religious weekly, "The Religious Remembrancer." 1816— First Saving Society, the "Philadelphia." 1818 — First American lithograph, Bass Otis. 1819 — First stationary steam engine, Thomas Halloway. 1820 — First shipment of anthracite coal received, 365 tons. 1820 — First permanent medical journal. 1821— First College of Pharmacy in the world (Philadelphia College of Pharmacy). 1824— First Exhibition of American Manufactures, Franklin Institute. 1826 — First electric furnace. Dr. Robert Hare. 1827— First Agricultural Society, founded by James Meade. 1830 — First penny newspaper, "The Cent." 1830 — First successful women's magazine, "Godey's Lady's Book." 1830 — First free college for orphan boys (Girard). 1830 — Founding of Cramp's Shipyard. 1830— William W. Gerhard first differentiated typhus and typhoid fever. 1830 — First ether, Rosengarten & Son. 1831 — Mathias W. Baldwin founded locomotive works. 1833— First hospital for blind. Will's Eye Hospital. 1833— First United States Dispensary, Wood & Bache. 1834 — First strychnine, Rosengarten & Son. 1834— First nitric acid and first hydrochloric acid. Carter & Scattergood. 1838 — First United States Naval Academy. 1839— Crawford W. Long (University of Pennsylvania graduate) first used ether as an anaesthetic in surgery. 1839— John W. Draper demonstrated adhesion to be an electrical attraction. 1839— First photographic representation of the surface of the moon. 1839 — First vulcanized rubber goods, Charles Goodyear. 1839— First daguerreotype made in America, by Joseph Saxton. 1839— First daguerreotype portrait taken (of himself) by Robert Cornelius. 1840— First general advertising agency, Volney B. Palmer. 1842-1854— Elisha Kent Kane, surgeon, traveler, scientist and first American arctic explorer (University of Pennsylvania). 1844— First school of applied art, the School of Industrial Art for Women. 1846— Joseph Leidy discovered the trichina spiralis, anticipating Pasteur in his morphological classification of the bacteria and Darwin in his views as to the evolution of species. 1846— E. W. Clark financed the Mexican War. " 1848— First comic weekly, "The John Donkey," by Thomas Dunn English. 1848 — First homeopathic medical college. 1850 — First women's medical college. i85o~First use of zinc in paint, Samuel Wetherill. 1852— First American insurance journal, Harvey G. Tuckett. 1852— First Shakespeare Society, and the oldest in existence. 1859-1883— J. Peter Lesley first to announce the origin of petroleum. 1859— First sleeping car patented by Edward C. Knight. 1862— First armored battleship, "New Ironsides," built by Cramp. 1862— Jay Cooke financed the Civil War. 1863— First bank chartered in the United States under the National Bank Act. 1863— First National Bank. 1864— International Tribunal proposed to judge the Alabama claims, Thomas Balch. 1865— Edward D, Cope announced the discovery of many important and original discoveries of new genera and species. 99 i866— First wood pulp paper, produced by sulphide process, Benjamin C. Tilghman. 1870 — First compound marine engine, William Cramp & Sons. 1874 — First zoological garden in America. 1876 — First World's Fair in America, the Centennial. 1881— Wharton School founded. First business school of university grade. 1884-5 — Fadweard Muybridge, inventor of the modern moving pictures, per- fected his experiments at the University of Pennsylvania. 1884— First triple expansion engine, William Cramp & Sons. 1887— First Master Builders' Exchange. 1896 — -First motion picture show, Bijou Theatre. 1899— First National Export Exposition. 1903 — Phipps Institute— First organized to eradicate tuberculosis through in- tensive and scientific research. 1904 — Oncological Hospital. First devoted exclusively to cancer research. 1914— (3rganization of the Federal Reserve Bank— District No. 3. #••'• HJI^L^t) Rff "'Sr ml ^^Tv***^ HHH B^^t *9^ ^^H^ B^^-'lla!^ 1 ■ TiTnilllli ^ ^'.^M if ilfiBMj/ itl'f'-lmjUi^^B^ 1 Valley Forge, Washington's Headquarters. SUBURBS OF PHILADELPHIA. The picturesque suburbs of Philadelphia with various his- torical references are treated in separate articles such as "Ger- mantown," "Delaware River" and "Old Roads Out of Phila- delphia." Especially attractive railroad trips may be taken along the main line of the Pennsylvania Railroad, depot at Fifteenth and Market Streets; the Reading, depot at Twelfth and Market Streets; the Philadelphia and Western, at the Sixty-ninth Street Terminal of the Market Street Subway and Elevated. At any of these depots, excursion books are fur- nished free. 100 Valley Forge, the historic camp of Washington's army in 1777-1778, is twenty-four miles from Philadelphia on the Phila- delphia and Reading Railway. It is a State Reservation, con- taining 450 acres, in a beautiful valley. It takes its name from a small stone forge which was destroyed by the British. Close by the raih-oad depot are Washington's Headquar- ters; further east at the junction of the River Drive with Port Kennedy Road, the Entrenchments, Rifle Pit and Fort Huntingdon; east on Port Kennedy Road are Varnum's Quar- ters, Star Redoubt, Burial Ground, Waterman Monument and jMemorial Chapel. Some of the handsome stained glass win- dows are by Rotarian Nicola D'Ascenzo. The Chapel itself is a distinctive architectural monument, and one of America's most beautiful church edifices. By returning to Washington Lane, going south to Gulph Road, southeast to Memorial Arch, west to Steuben and General Wayne monuments; north to Fort Washington; west to Observatory; north to Washington Spring and through Picnic Ground to WashinQton Inn, close to the depot, one will walk about five miles, which distance may also be covered in an automobile at a reasonable charge. Seashore Resorts. — During the summer daily excursion trains, and almost hourly regular travns, are run to Long Branch, Asbury Park, Ocean Grove, Sea Girt and other points on the north Jersey coast, and to Atlantic Citv. Wildwood, Ocean Citv, Cape May and other points on the south coast. These excursion trains, especially those to the south coast, are unequalled in the world for comfort and speed. The run of sixtv miles to At- lantic Citv is often made in sixty minutes. These splendid transit facilities have brought the resorts so close to Philadelphia that thousands commute daily. In all of these seashore resorts, as in those along the Delaware and Barnegat Bays, the fishing, sailinc- and bathing is unexcelled. Old Roads Out of Philadelphia.— In "Old Roads Out of Philadelphia," by John T. Paris, a beautiful and artistic book published by the J. B. Lippincott Company, the author gives illustrated descriptions of the following roads: The King's Highway to Wilmington, along Gray's Ferry Road to Darby, Chester, Wilmington and lower Delaware, crossinor Cobb's Creek. Crum Creek. Ridley Creek and Brandy- wine Creek, visiting Bartram's Gardens. Blue Bell Tavern; Church of St. James of Kingsessincr near Darbv; John Morgan's birthplace at Essington; the Washington Hotel and Town Hall at Chester; the Old Swedes' Church and other historic buildings at Wilmincfton. The Baltimore Turnpike, along Baltimore Avenue through Clifton Heights and Swarthmore. along the Crum Creek valley, one of the most picturesque in America; the T^eiper Mansion at Avondale, the Rose Tree Hunt; throusrh Media and return to the Baltimore Road; Washington's Quarters; and those of 101 Lafayette, Cornwallis and General Howe; Kennett Square, the birthplace and home in later life of Bayard Taylor. The West Chester Turnpike, is partly occupied by a trolley line and is not an ideal motor road, but full of beauty and interest. Millbourne Mills in Cobb's Creek Park is at Sixty- ninth Street; it was founded in 1757; a short walk along Darby Creek between the West Chester Pike and Baltimore Pike is well worth while. At Newtown Square is a quaint octagonal schoolhouse; at Broomall the Grove Tavern; beyond Newtown Square are the celebrated Castle Rocks; at Edgemont the Old President Tavern and John Yarnall House; there are several interesting Colonial houses in West Chester. The Lancaster Turnpike, or Conestoga Road, begins at Market and Thirty-second Streets; numerous old taverns are on th-is road; at Ardmore Junction is the Port Reading House; the Haverford Meeting House is the oldest church building in Dela- ware County, 1700; and the Radnor Meeting House, 1718; Wash- ington wrote a letter to the President of Congress from the Buck Tavern at Haverford; the Sorrell Horse Inn at Ithan sheltered Washington and Lafayette: St. David's Church is near Radnor, and the Old Eagle School at Strafford; Waynesbor- ough, near Paoli, was the birthplace of General Wayne; the East Cain Meeting House is near East Downingtown, a place of great historic interest; Lancaster was the capital of Pennsyl- vania in 1799, a list of its noted objects should easily be ob- tained by the tourist. The Gulph Road winds through lower Merion Township; the oldest section leads out of Narberth by way of Narberth Avenue; principal objects of Colonial times are the Dove Paper Mill; the Harriton House; bevond Roberts Road the turnpike forks; the left road leads to Devon, the right to Valley Forge Csee article on Valley Forge) and Phoenixville; Fountain Inn was the headquarters of General Howe; the General Pike Hotel was raided by Hessians. The Ridge Road to Perkiomen begins at Tenth and Vine Streets, but tourists should go by the East River Drive to Wissahickon Drive (see article on Fairmount Park) entering the park at Green Street entrance. The road leads through Barren Hill, Norristown and Perkiomen. There are many old historic buildings in and near Falls Village. The house of Dr. William Smith, first provost of the University of Pennsylvania, near Indian Queen Lane; the Angel House, Mill Grove, the earlv house of Audubon: the Wetherill Mansion; Perkiomen Bridp'e. At Norristown local information is easily obtainable. The Old Germantown Road, or Germantown Avenue, is described in another section (see article on Germantown). Bevond Chestnut Hill at the tenth milestone is the Whitemarsh Vallev Country Club ('1764), Thomas Hovenden*s Studio at Ply- mouth Meeting: near the nineteenth milestone the home of 102 David Rittenhouse and Norriton Presbyterian Church (1698); Fairview Inn on Fairview Flill; the old Trappe Church beyond CoUegeville, begun by Henry Muhlenberg, then on to Pottsville and Reading. The Road to Bethlehem, Joins the Germantown Road at the Pennsylvania Railroad Station in Chestnut Hill. It is very rich in Revolutionary relics; Wheel Pump Inn; old St. Thomas's Church and Church Hill; Fort Washington, Emlen's house (Washington's Headquarters), near the Church; and Wentz Farm House; The Highlands on Skippack Pike; Dawes- Lincoln Monument, Fairmount Park. field, near Blue Bell on the pike; Peter Wentz House near Center Point; Foulke House at Penllyn, Dawesfield, Mont- gomery Square; Walker Inn at Montgomery ville; many land- marks in the thirty miles from Montgomeryville to Bethlehem and Nazareth, and many early Moravian and Revolutionary buildings in the latters towns. Lehigh University in South Bethlehem. The Old York Road, begins at Twelfth Street and West- moreland (3300 north), and is a favorite motor road leading to Willow Grove Park. At the entrance to the Jewish Hospital 103 grounds are the classic pillars of the old U. S. Mint, formerly at Broad and Chestnut. Historic houses are the Owen Wister house; Champlost Manor; Wharton Place at Branchtown; Abington Presbyterian Church; many modern mansions and estates. Road branches at Willow Grove, the left branch to Doylestown, right branch to Hatboro and beyond. Toward Doylestown, Horsham Meeting House; Graeme Park; Nesha- mmy Creek Bridge; Doylestown. Four miles beyond, the grave of Chief Tammany (King Taminunt). From Doylestown on Buckmgham Pike to Centerville; to New Hope on the Dela- ware. Several Colonial houses in Hatboro and near Center- ville; Neely^ House near New Hope; New Hope to Trenton; Washington's crossing at Taylorsville; from Trenton return may be made either on Jersey or Pennsylvania side to Phila- delphia. The Road to Trenton and the Roosevelt Boulevard. The old road is a part of the old King's Highway to New York and passes through Frankford, Tacony and Holmesburg. The best Bristol-Trenton route is the Roosevelt Boulevard from Broad Street at Hunting Park to Bustleton, connecting with the Penny- pack Park Drive near Holmesburg, but missing Colonial relics. On the old road at Frankford is the Stephen Decatur House on Powder Mill Lane: Chalkley Hall; several old inns; through Tacony and Holmesburg. Beyond the ninth milestone, the General Wayne Tavern; beyond the River Road, the Edwin Forrest Home for Actors (dates from 1810). Lower Dublin Academy; Torresdale; Red Lion Inn; Andalusia, the home of Charles J. Biddle; Penn Rhyn; State in Schuylkill Fishing Club; Bristol College, near Croydon; Town Hall and Colonial houses at Bristol; Morrisville: Trenton. Hamilton Walk, University of Pennsylvania. 104 THE FIRST U. S. MINT. The first public building erected by authority of Congress for a public purpose. The middle building shown was the coin- age building and the first one erected. Here Washington, late in 1792, delivered some silver from which the so-called Wash- ington dimes and half-dimes were coined. The silver-center cent of 1792 and the silver dollar of 1804 were coined here. The regular coinage of copper began in 1793; silver, 1794; gold, 1795. Until 1816 all of the power was supplied by men and horses. In that year steam was introduced for certain heavy work. Steam coinage in the new or second mint was not adopted until 1836. The treasure vaults were located twenty feet underground beneath the office building on the street front. The coinage building also contained bullion vaults. The rear building con- tained the melting and refining departments. The Frank H. Stewart Electric Company now occupies the building at 37 and 39 North Seventh Street, erected on the first mint site, and will furnish public institutions with a picture of "Ye Old Mint," reproduced in colors, from an original by Edwin Lamazure, now deceased, 105 GREETINGS TO ROTARIANS from HON. J. HAMPTON MOORE, Mayor of Philadelphia. J.Ha>ii>xoi«^Moore ^jg^ J^S ^fc Office op the Mayor MAYOR mSJ'nS^^^€^WSSjKi Philadelphia February 6tti, 1920, Mr« George E. Hitzsohe, Chairman, notary Olub Lunoheon Committee, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. Dear Mr, Ritzsche: Please extend my greetings to the thousands of Rotarians who are coming hither from all parts of the United States to attend the June convention in Atlantic City. The high purposes animating Hotarians everywhere malce them welcome guests in this patriotic old city, whose history and traditions are the basis of modem Americanism, I trust the visit of the Rotarians v/ill enable them to know Fniladelphia better, and to appreciate the real life and spirit of its people. Very t Mayor. 106 GENERAL INDEX. Page Acacia 82 Academy, Germantown 37, 48 Academy of Music 51 Academy of Natural Sciences 45 Academy of the Fine Arts 49, 50 Advertisements 107 Agnew Surgical Pavilion 87 American League Baseball Club .. 93 American Oncologic Hospital 69 American Philosophical Society.. 42, 43 Amusement, Places of 92 Apartment Houses 91 Apprentices' Library 63 Aquarium (Fairmount Park) 19, 22 Arboretum (Awbury) 28 Architectural School (U. of Pa.).... 89 Armories 93 Arnold, Benedict (Mansion) 29 Arsenal, Frankford 41 Arsenal, Schuylkill 41 Art Museum, Municipal 22,44, 46 Asylum, Philadelphia 69 Athletic Fields 93 B. Baltimore Turnpike 101 Baltimore & Ohio Station 90 Bank, Girard National 33 BanK of North America 33 Baseball Parks 53 Bartram's Gardens 28 Bartram's House 34 Bell, Liberty 5, ^3 Belmont Filtration Plant m Belmont Mansion 23 Beta Theta Pi 82 Bethlehem Road 102 Betsy Ross House 11, i^i Biddle Law Library t>Z Blind, Institution for 69 Bordentown 16 Botanical Hall 85 Boulevard, Roosevelt 30, 1C4 Boulevards, Gardens, Parks 21 Bourse 60, 61 Bryn Mawr College 51 Buildings, Historical 50 Office 92 Public 38 Burlington 16 C. Carpenters' Hall 10, 31 Carson College 49 Cathedral of St. Peter 67 Cemetery, Christ Church 34 Centennial Exposition 23 Central High School 46 Chamber of Commerce 60 Page Channel of Delaware River 16 Charity, Society for Organizing ... /o Chew House 37, 38 Christ Church 64 Christ Church Cemetery 34 Churches 64 City Government 9 City Hall 38, 39 City Hall, Old 33 City History Society 75 Civil War Monument 22 Clinical Bldg. (U. of Pa.) 86 Clubs 70 Club, Members of Rotary 55 Club, Rotary 74 Coastwise Steamship Lines .. ... 20 Colleges 49, 51, 53 College Hall (U. of Pa.) 86 College of Physicians .45, 68 Colonial Society of Pennsylvania.. 75 Commerce, Chamber of 60 Commercial Establishments 53 Commercial Museums 43,60, 61 Congress Hall 32, 33 Correction, House of 70 Cottage of John Penn 22 Cottage of William Penn 22 County Fair Grounds 93 County Prison 70 Curtis Publishing Company 61 Custom House, U. S 40 D. Declaration of Independence, Site of House Where Written 35 Delaware River 15, 16 Delta Kappa Epsilon, Delta Phi, Delta Psi, Delta Tau Delta, Delta Upsilon 82 Dental School, Phila 48 Dental School (U. of Pa.) 84 Departments of City Government.. 10 Design, School of 51 Detention, House of 70 Diagonal Streets 97 Dock Street 34 Drexel Institute 48, 49 Duhring Memorial Stack (U. of Pa.), 82 E. Eastern Penitentiary 69 East Park 24 East and West Streets 94 Educational Institutions 46 Educational School Building 81 Edwin Forrest Home 69 Engineering Hall (U. of Pa.) 89 Establishments, Industrial and Commercial S3 107 Page Evans Dental Institute 84, 85 Exposition, Centennial 23 Extension Society, University 75 Eye Hospital, Wills 69 F. Fairmount Park 21 Fields, Athletic 93 Filtration Plants. Belmont, Roxbor- ough. Queen Lane, Torresdale.. 41 Fine Arts, Penna. Academy 49 First City Troop Armory 93 First Presbyterian Church 67 First Regiment Armory 93 First Unitarian Church '^6 First U. S. Mint, Site of 35, 105 First U. S. Navy Yard 35 Firsts of Philadelphia 97 Forrest Home 69 Fountain Green 24 Frankford Arsenal 41 Frank'in. Reniamin 8 Franklin Field 88 Franklin Institute 45 Franklin Square 27 Franklin's Grave 34 Fraternities 70 Free Library of Philadelphia 62 Friends' Select Schools 49 Functions, Social 75 G. Gardens, Bartram's 28 Gardens, Parks, Boulevards 21 Garretson Hospital 69 Geographic Society of Phila 75 George's Hill 23 Germantown Academy 37, 48 Germantown, Historic 35 Germantown Road 35, 102 Germantown Site and Relic Soc. .. 75 Girard College 47, 49 Girard National Bank 33 Glenn Mills Reformatory 70 Government Institutions 38 Government of City 9 Government Pier 15 Graduate House (U. of Pa.) 86 Grain Elevators 17 Grant Cottage 22 Grave of Franklin 34 Greetings of Mayor Moore ir6 Gulph Road 102 Gymnasium 88 H. Hahnemann Hospital 69. Hahnemann Medical School 48 Hamilton Walk 85 Hare Chemical Laboratory 86 Harrison Laboratory (U. of Pa.).. 81, 87 Haverford College 53 High Schools 46 Highway to Wilmington 101 Historic Churches 64 Historic Germantown 35 108 Page Historic Sites, Walks & Bldgs...30, 34 Historical Society of Penna 75 History of Philadelphia 5 Hog Island Terminal 18 Homes, Naval, Forrest, &c 68 Horticultural Hall 21, 23 Hospitals 69, 87 Hotels J: House Numbering Plan 94 Houie of Betsy Ross 33 House (^ Correction 70 Hovise of Detention 70 Houston Hall (U. of Pa.) 86 I. Independence Hall 7, 32 Independence Square 27 Industrial Art. School of 50, 54 Industrial Establishments 53 Inland and Local Steamship Lines, 20 Institutes, Drexel. Franklin, Phipps, Wagner, Wistar. 42, 45, 49, 69, 82 Institutes, Penal 68 Institution for the Blind 69 Institutions, Government 38 Institutions, Scientific 42 Interest, Points of 13 J. Jefferson Hospital 69 Jefferson Medical College 47 John Penn's Cottage 22 K. King's Highway to Wilmington ... 101 L. Lancaster Turnpike 102 Laurel Hill .......; 23 Law School Building 81 League Island 40 Lenane Club 82 Lilierty Bell 5, 33 Libraries 62 Light, Heat and Power Station 87 Lincoln Monument 25,103 Livezey Mansion 25, 28 Local and Inland Steamship Lines, 20 Logan Hall (V. of Pa.) 82, 86 Logan Square 28 M. Map of Philadelphia 4 Market Houses 3i Mask and Wig House (U. of Pa.).. 86 Masonic Temple 73, 76 Master Builders' Exchange 62 Maternity Building (IT. of I'a.; ... 86 Mayor's Greetings to Rotary 1C6 Medical Center and Colleges. .47, 48, 85 Medico-Chi Hospital 09 Medical Buildings (V. of Pa.) 85 Meeting Houses, Quakers' 67 Members, Rotary Club 55 Page Memorial Hall (Fairm't Pk.), 22, 23, 45 Memorial Tower (U. of Pa.) 84 Mennonite Church 67 Mercantile Library 62 Metropolitan Opera House bi Military Organizations 93 Mint, Site of First U. S 35, 105 Mint, United States 40 Monastery (Fairmount Park) 25 Monuments 22, 25 Morris House 27 Mount Pleasant 24 Moving Pictures, Discovery of ..86, 93 Municipal Art Museum 22, 46 Municipal Hospital 69 Museums 22, 42, 43, 46, 60, 87 Music, Academy of 51 Musical Fund Hall 34 N. National League Baseball Cluo ... 93 National Rotary Advertisements .. 107 Natural Sciences, Academy of 45 Naval Home 59 Navy Yard 35, 40 North and South Streets 95 Ofifice Buildings 92 Oil Steamship Lines 20 Old Christ Church t>4, 65 Old City Hall 33 Old Germantown Road 102 Old Market Houses 31 Old Mennonite Church 67 Old Pine Street Church 67 Old Roads Out of Philadelphia .... 101 Old Stock Exchange 34 Old Swedes' Church 66 Old York Road 103 Oncologic Hospital 69 Opera House, Metropolitan 51 Organizations, Military 93 P. Park Drives (Fairmount) 25 " Extension (Wissahickon) 26 " East (Fairmovint) 24 " Penn Treaty 29 " Point Breeze 93 " Willow Grove 30 Parks, Gardens, Boulevard 21 " and Squares 26 Parkway 29 Penal Institutes 68 Penitentiary, Eastern 69 Penn Charter School 48 Penn Treaty Park 29 Penn, William 6 Penn's (John) Cottage 22 Penn's (William) Cottage 22, 26 Pennsylvania Acad, of Fine Arts, 49 " Colonial Society 75 " First Site of Univ. of, 35 " Historical Society .. 75 Hospital 69 Page Pennsylvania Institution for Blind, 69 Railroad Stations .. 89 " University of 76 Pepper Laboratory (U. of Pa.) :... 86 Pharmacy, Phila. School of 48 Phi Delta Theta, Phi Kappa Psi, Phi Kappa Sigma, Phi Sigiua Kappa 81, 82 Phila. Agricultural Society 42 " Asylum 69 " Bovirse 61 Club 70 " Commercial Museums 43 " County Fair 93 " County Prison /O Dental School 48 " Free Library 62 " Geographic Society 75 " History of 5 Hospital 69 " Library 62 " Builders' Exchange 62 Navy Yard 40 Rapid Transit Co 90 " Roads Out of 101 " School of Pharmacy 48 " Stock Exchange 62 Street Car System 90 " Streets 94 Suburbs 100 & Reading Stations 90 & Western VO Philadelphia's Firsts 97 Philosophical Society 42 Phipps Institute (U. of Pa.) ...69, 88 Piers for Steamships IS, 18 Places of Amusement 92 Plan for Numbering Houses 94 Plants, Filtration 41 Polyclinic Hospital 69 Point Breeze Park 93 Points of Interest 13 Post Office, U. S 39 Psi Upsilon 82 Prison, Phila. County 70 Provost's House (U. of Pa.) ....35, 84 Provosts' Tower (C of Pa.) ^^ Public Buildings 38 Public School System 46 Q. Ouaker Meeting Houses 67 Queen Lane Filtration Plant 41 R. Railroads 89 Rapid Transit Co 90 Resorts, Seashore 101 Restaurants 91 Ridge Road 102 Ridgway Library 61, 62 Rittenhouse Square 27 River, Delaware 15 Road, Gulph 102 Road, Old Germantown 102 Road. Old York 103 109 Page Road, Ridge 102 Road to hethlehein 102 Road to Trenton 104 Roads Out of Philadelphia 101 Koosevelt Boulevard 30,104 Rotary Advertisements 107 Rotary Club 55, 74 Row, State House 33 Roxborough Filtration Plant 41 Rush Hospital 69 S. Sailings from Philadelphia 18 St. Augustine's R. C. Church 67 St. George's M. E. Church 66 St. John's Lutheran Church 67 St. Joseph's R. C. Church 67 St. Mary's Church 66 St. Paul's P. E. Church 67 St. Peter's Church 66 St. Peter and St. Paul Cathedral .. 67 Samaritan Hospital '-J School of Design for Women 51 School of Industrial Art 50 School of Pharmacy 48 School System (Public) 46 School, Widener Training 51 Schools, Friends' Select 49 Schuylkill Arsenal 41 . " . River 20 Scientific Institutions 42 Seash'^re Resorts I'.': Second Regiment Armory 93 Shibe Park 93 Shipbuilding Industry 16 Shipping 16 Short Trip Through University ... '^O Sites, Historic 30,34, 35 Smith Memorial Monument 22 Social Functions 75 Societies 42, 70, 75 Solitude 24 Squares, Franklin, Independence, Logan, Rittenhouse, Wash'gt'n, 27, 28 State Cavalry Armory 93 State Fencible Armory 93 State House Row 33 State in Schuylkill 70 Stations, Railroad 89, 90 Steamship Lines 18 Stock Exchange 34, 62 Strawberry Mansion 23, 24 Street Car System 90 Streets in Philadelphia 94 Streets, Diagonal 97 Streets, East and West 94 Streets, North and South 95 Suburbs of Philadelphia 100 Supply, Water 41 Supreme Court House (U. S.) 33 Surgical Building (U. of Pa.) 87 Swarthmore College 51 T. Temple, Masonic 76 Temple University 46 Terminal Proposed at Hog Island . . 18 110 Page Theatres 92 Third Presbyterian Church 67 Third Regiment Armory 93 Thomas Penn House 86 Torresdale Filtration Plant 41 Training School, Widener 51 Transatlantic Sailings 18 Treaty Park 29 Trenton, Road to 104 Triangle (U. of Pa. Dormitories) .. 84 Trin Through University 80 Turnpikes 101, 102 U. Union League 70 Unitarian Church 66 United States Custom House 40 Ihiited States Mint 35, 40, 41 U. S. Mint, Site of First 35, 105 I'nited States Navy Yard 35, 40 United States Post Office 39 United States Supreme Court 33 Ui.iversity Extension Society 75 University Hospital 69, 87 University Library 62, 81 University Museum 42, 87, 96 University of Pennsylvania 76 University of Penna., First Site of, 35 Univ. of Penna., Trip Through .... 80 University, Temple 46 V. Valley Forge 33, ICO Valley Green 25 Veterinary School and Hospital. .84, 87 Villanova College 53 W. Waener Free Institute 42 Walks, Historic 30 Washington Monument 17, 25 Washington Square 27 Water Supply 41 West Chester Turnpike 101 Wharton School (U. of Pa.) 82 Widener Training School 51 William Penn Charter School 49 William Penn's Cottage 22 Willow Grove Park 30 Wills Eye Hospital 69 Wilmington, King's Highway to... 101 Wissahickon Creek 25, 36 Wissahickon Park, Extension of . . 26 Wistar Institute (U. of Pa.) 82 Woman's Medical College 48 Woman's Medical College Hospital, 69 Woodford Mansion 24 Y. Young People's Associations 72 Y. M. C. A 72 Y. M. H. A 73 Y. W. C. A 73 Z. Zeta Psi House (U. of Pa.) 81 Zoological Building 85 Zoological Gardens 22, 24 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Map of Philadelphia Liberty Bell William Penn Independence Hall .. Benjamin Franklin . Carpenters' Hall Betsy Ross House Page .. 4 .. 5 .. '6 7 10 13 Washington Monument il ~ ■ 19 20 21 22 24 26 Aquarium, Fairmount Park Schuylkill River, Fairmount Park.. Horticultural Hall, Fairmount Park, Memorial Hall, Fairmount Park .. Entrance to Zoological Gardens ... Wm. Penn House, Fairmount Park, Livezey Homestead, Wissahickon. . 28 Benedict Arnold Mansion 29 Congress Hall 32 Bartram's House 34 Scenes Along Wissahickon 36 Chew Mansion Zl City Hall 39 United States Mint 41 American Philosophical Society ... 43 New Art Gallery 44 Girard College 47 Page Drexel Institute 48 Academy of the Fine Arts 50 Widener Training School 51 Fairmount Park Bridges 52 School of Industrial Art rt Philadelphia Bourse 60 Commercial Museums 61 Ridgway Library 61 Old Christ Church 65 College of Physicians 68 Girard Trust Building 71 Masonic Temple li First U. S. Bank Building 74 Provosts' Tower from Terrace 11 Group of Univ. of Pa. Buildings.. 78 Medical Building 80 Group of University Buildings 83 Evans Dental School 85 Veterinary School 87 Phipps Institute 88 Birds-Eye View of Univ. Campus.. 89 University Museum 96 Lincoln Monument 103 Hamilton Walk 104 United States Mint, First 105 111 ROTARIANS represent the most progressive houses. In Philadelphia the Rotary Bank is the Corn Exchange. We are trying to live up to the traditions of the organization. THE CORN EXCHANGE NATIONAL BANK Philadelphia -M,— »4. : The LEDGERS The Newspapers That Serve Philadelphia Morning — Evening — Sunday ^iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiy^ Peirce School 0/ Business Administration Courses of Study | Business Administration | Secretarial | Salesmanship | Teachers' Training | ^ s6/k Antnial Caialogue and Illustrated Booklet sent upon application LOUIS B. MOFFETT, Director (Rotarian) Pine Street, West of Broad Philadelphia niiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiH^ Good Morning, Folks — The 'leven little leathersmiths are making many Useful Leather Gifts - Writing Portfolios Desk Sets Book Ends Photo Albums Playing Card Cases etc.^ etc. Ask your dealer to show you what the 'leven are doing in tooled leathers & in the fancy leathers also. These make wonderful Gifts. Helpyourself! Yours right cheerily, for THE LEATHERSMITH SHOPS 212 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, U. S. A. ROTARIANS Should insist on having Absolute Hair Cloth Used in their coat fronts BECAUSE the hair does not work out of the coat front when Absolute Hair Cloth is used. If Absolute Hair Cloth is not being used in the front of your coat ask WHY? GEO. S. COX & BRO.. Inc. Sole Ma-Kers of ABSOLUTE PHILADELPHIA, PA. WICK of Philadelphia makes and sells Fancy Hat Bands of all designs, not only for all Rotary Clubs for their Con- ventions, etc., but for any other Society or organization. The Hat Band of Philadelphia City colors, Blue and Gold, worn by the Philadelphia Rotarians, were made by Wick. Wick also makes all kinds of Fancy Hat Bands for Straw Hats for daily street wear. For sale in all the leading hat stores and haberdashery shops. He also makes Special Club Bands in any quantity on hand loom work. WICK NARROW FABRIC COMPANY Manufacturers of Fancy Hat Bands PHILADELPHIA, U. S. A. 1 I^S^^i^^^^i^l^iU^^^^^IAS^^S^^S^^^^^^^^^^^^S^U^ 1 THE 1608 Ludlow St., Philadelphia ^** -^'-^X^ ) 'fiiiimm i 3 l:m w H O s E R V E S B E S T RESISTANCE TO THE STAMP ACT Washington Mem. Chapel, Valley Forge CHURCH MEMORIALS STAINED GLASS GLASS MOSAICS TABLETS AND MURAL DECORATIONS E ?ilT7yil.Taii7ril.7^lr?T.lifglffr.lffT.li7r.l.7r.l.7T.I.7Tid Loose Leaf LITHOGRAPHING PRINTING ENGRAVING OFFICE STATIONERY and SUPPLIES He Pro/its Most Who Serves Bestr Our experience consists in seriously and whole-heartedly practicing The Rotary Slogan for the past 72 years. This is a guarantee of MANN QUALITY and MANN SERVICE WILLIAM MANN COMPANY PHILADELPHIA FOUNDED IN 1848 WM. MANN PRIZER, Rotarian MacDonald & Campbell Men's Clothing { Haberdashery ! Hats j Automobile ! Apparel f I Our lines of Cloth- j ing, Haberdashery, Automobile Ap- parel and Hats mark the highest achievements in quality of materials, fashionablecorrect- ness, skilled work- manship and intrinsic value. 1334-1336 Chestnut Street Philadelphia "ROTARIANS" — + THE SCHLICHTER JUTE CORDAGE CO. Registered U. S. Pat. Office Rope and Twine Manufacturers No. 20 NORTH FRONT STREET PHILADELPHIA ^L In Bathroom, Kitchen, Laundry can bathe, you can shave, when please, once you put a Ruud in basement. All over the house, water is yours the moment you You you your hot turn on any hot water faucet. RUUD AUTOMATIC CAS WATER heater! "Hot Water All Over the House" MADE BY RUUD MFG. CO. PITTSBURGH, PA. and sold by Dealers the World around wherever there is Gas fenfon Label Go./»c MAKERS OF GummedLahels AND Qdvertisln^Stickefs ROTARIANS 506-512 Race St. PMtadelp/}id £ M//VER FENTON "PRESIDENT (ROTARIAN) On Your Way To and From the Convention Spend a Day in Philadelphia The City of Brotherly Love You will Receive the Glad Hand at B. R Keith's Theatre CHESTNUT and TWELFTH STS. Philadelphia's Best Known Amusement Enterprise HARRY T. JORDAN, Rotarian General Manager B. F. Keith's Theatre On the Garden Pier Atlantic City Under the Same Management J. E. Caldwell & Co. Jewelers and Silversmiths Chestnut and Juniper Streets, Philadelphia INFORMATION J. E. Caldwell & Co., through connections of long standing, possess facilities for securing choicest pearls and jewels at the source, en- abling them to offer unusual advantages of selection and price ; their mountings are designed and made on the premises and are individual and exclusive; they are pleased at all times to submit sketches for jewelry of special design; they reset, modernize and enrich old family jewelry, submitting sketches for approval be- fore proceeding with the work ; their silverware is of sterling quality 925/1000 pure silver and is of enduring weight. their stationery is distinctive in quality, en- graving and phraseology; they design cards of personal greeting for Christmas, New Year and the various anni- versary days. The Establishment of J. E. Caldwell & Co. IS Believed to be Unique Among the Jewelry Stores of the World In effect, like the grande salon of a French chateau of the aucicn regime, yet an emhiently practical business buildmg, with every worth-while modern facility for the selection of goods and the comfort of patrons. The main floor is 200 feet long and 62 feet wide. It is Regence in style, with the quartered oak paneling and soft-toned French gold decora- tion characteristic of the period — an unusual and most ap- propriate environment for the display of jewels and artis- tic merchandise. Visitors are cordially welcomed. Purchases through correspondeyice receive prompt and intelligent attention 198'' <>. 4? ^^. • I /• V*^^^\<^ ^^*"-*\"^* v*^^\< 4^^t.. .' .^^"^ ^v ^ .^^ .o-*-' v*^^> >^*--*\«**' V^'^^^ V "•^••- V.^** /J^\ ^..^^ '^^^'