|PE 1460 
 
 .S2 
 I Copy 1 
 
 m 
 
THE 
 
 WLGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 OF THE 
 
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE, 
 
 CONTAINING ALSO 
 
 GRAMMATICAL ERRORS, J TAUTOLOGICAL PHRASES, 
 'ORTHOEPICAL READINGS, | ASPIRATION OF B. 
 TOGETHER WITH 
 
 A CRITICAL PREFACE 
 
 ON 
 STAGE PRONUNCIATION. 
 
 *Omnis fere indoctus, sapientissimus est dtim tacet : 
 Sermonem celans, lit morbum turpissitnum. 
 
 PRINTED BY T. S. PORTER, 
 
 108, 
 
 BRITANNIA STREET, CITY ROAD, LONDON. 
 

 ^5 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 There is perhaps no language that sub- 
 scribes so fittle to the laws of a settled and well 
 regulated orthoepy as the English ; for which 
 reason, it is not only extremely difficult for 
 strangers to pronounce, but it is also much ob- 
 structed in its diffusion among foreign nations. 
 From a similar cause it arises that Englishmen 
 themselves are not agreed upon the pronuncia- 
 tion of many words which are left to scamper 
 about society " to find a local habitation and a 
 name;" having no claim by the laws of settle- 
 ment either upon London, Dublin, or Edinburgh. 
 This want of fixity creates an everlasting con- 
 tention, and leaves to the arbitrary caprice of in- 
 dividuals a power, in which the ignorant assume 
 a right of claim equally forcible with that of 
 the learned ; and in which barbarism and vul- 
 garity so far prevail, as to render the contention 
 <&f ambiguous determination. 
 
U PREFACE, 
 
 Systems upon systems have been published 
 as correctives of the evil, but they have only 
 added mazes to labyrinths : who shall say why 
 youth arcl mouth, toll and extol, later and wa- 
 ter, prologue and prorogue, mead and dead, 
 patron and matron, prosecutor and executor 
 should deviate from each other in pronuncia- 
 tion ? and in other instances, so bizarre are cer- 
 tain words, that we have no sounds by which 
 we can transmit their proper utterance. The 
 word bosom is neither bo-zum nor boo-zum both 
 of which are gross vulgarisms ; but it is a sound 
 different from either, which we are quite unable 
 to teach or shew upon paper. Casually, azure, 
 menagerie are words of a like kind. How shall 
 we shew in writing the sound of these words ? 
 neither hash, kazh, kajh, kadj nor any combina- 
 tion will effect the object. The difference of 
 sound in roiv to row a boat, and bow to make 
 obeisance, it is impossible to define to a 
 foreigner by writing. The tendency of all that 
 has been written upon the subject, instead of 
 relieving the difficulty, has shewn beyond all 
 doubt the utter impossibility of remedying the 
 evil, and the perfect impracticability and 
 inutility of all the ingenious schemes that 
 
PREFACE, 111 
 
 have been laid before the public for that 
 purpose. The consequence of this irregularity 
 is, that vulgarisms and inproprieties form in 
 parlance the distinguishing features and marked 
 deformities in our language ; and our unfortu- 
 nate ears are doomed not only to excruciate in 
 the torments of bad grammar, but to agonize un- 
 der the torture of a vickmsness of expression and 
 a corruption of phraseology, the ridiculousness of 
 which alone saves us from the death with which 
 we are frequently threatened. If we find that 
 the better portion of society be not free from 
 these defects, we shall have less reason for as- 
 tonishment, in observing that they abound with 
 persons whose circumstances have exiled them 
 from the path of education, and whose- occupa- 
 tions prevent them from associating study with 
 their more immediate interests. There exist 
 few, however, perhaps none, who do not feel a 
 degree of eonscious satisfaction in being relieved 
 from literary error, and it is under this convic- 
 tion, that the anthor has compiled the most no- 
 torious barbarisms, in order that the reader 
 beholding himself as in a glass, may be enabled 
 to remove with facility the maculae which he 
 will find thereby to disfigure him. Many per- 
 
sons a fleet an indifference upon the subject q£ 
 pronunciation ; but this is the flimsy disguise of 
 negligence and ignorance : a thousand masks- 
 would be incapable of concealing the convulsive 
 expression of its mortification, or the blushes of 
 its shame and confusion. Is the croaking' of the 
 raven comparable to the chant of the nightin- 
 gale? Is a tainted breath preferable to the 
 odour of the rose ? Is filth to be regarded be- 
 fore cleanliness ? or pestilence to health ? We 
 hesitate not to aver, that a man whose collo- 
 quy is vitiated by barbarisms, is a nuisance 
 which affects the nostrils of every man of 
 taste, and of whom society desires most 
 anxiously to be purged. Against whom the 
 4C odi profanum" is the universal watchword,, 
 and who is very properly condemned to aban- 
 don the paths of men, and to seek the haunts of 
 that class of beings to which he has attached 
 himself, Perhaps one of the most emphatic 
 sentences that escaped from the eloquent and 
 elegant pen of Cicero was i Hoquereut videam" 
 speak that I may know you. This is the power- 
 ful criterion of mind, the stamped and acknow- 
 ledged letter of credit, the talisman that will 
 enforce admiration or beget contempt ; that 
 
will produce esteem or preclude friendship; that 
 will bar the door or make portals fly open. A 
 good orthoepy and a careful and appropriate 
 diction are the primary signs of something that 
 is cultivated and worthy; and in any man be he 
 old or young, whatever may be his station in so- 
 ciety, these will never fail of producing impres- 
 sions in his favour. To neglect any study 
 which will render us more useful or agreeable 
 members of society, is to manifest an extremely 
 corrupt taste; and not to do all we can to 
 advance the age in which we live and to hand 
 it with glory and honour to posterity, is to 
 confess ourselves out of the pale of civilized 
 life. Let every young man strive to indue 
 himself with correct language : the first step to 
 which is to discard all mean and vulgar expres- 
 sions: destitute of this important advantage, 
 however otherwise well informed, he will put his 
 auditors to suffering" : he will resemble a creak- 
 ing" wheel which although very useful, is also 
 very tormenting. 
 
 It should be recollected by all persons 
 who have not received and who for that reason 
 contemn education, that they carry with them a 
 treacherous associate, which in despite of the 
 
most powerful armour, the best devised disguise?., 
 and their most forcible efforts, will certainly let 
 their secret escape. An associate that no 
 entreaty will mitigate, no affection will soften, 
 no faith will bind; an associate that will at 
 each instant proclaim their vulgarity ; whose 
 voice cannot be stifled by prayer, induced 
 by bribery, or deterred by menace — that asso- 
 ciate is the tongue. It is therefore important 
 to ascertain the improprieties to which we are 
 compelled at preseut to succumb, in order 
 that expression may be the more speedily 
 liberated from the shackles which encumber 
 and enfeeble it. Conversation will be thus ren- 
 dered more intellectual and pleasing; and a 
 fixity will be given to language, which will 
 be more permanent and durable in proportion 
 to the correction of error and the diffusion of 
 that correction. Every man of sense will 
 spare no exertion to. divest himself of habits so 
 hostile to a respectable position in society, and 
 so militative to that exalted place which a 
 civilised being, should occupy: recollecting 
 always that inasmuch, as he eradicates error in 
 himself he will impedev its diffusion by his own 
 example, and that the improprieties of speech 
 
 
will vanish in the same proportion in which we 
 can obtain proselytes to reason and education. 
 To speak without error depends upon a know- 
 ledge of the principles of grammar: to pronounce 
 words. improperly is a defect of education and a 
 consequence of illiterate society. The former 
 is difficult to attain where taste does not pre- 
 vail over the feelings of habit, and where the 
 mind is compelled to secede to the force of 
 brutism: the latter may be alleviated with a 
 small degree of attention to the incongruities 
 that are assembled in this work, and which 
 have been concatenated for the instruction and 
 improvement of that class who are desirous of 
 correcting those discrepancies of language 
 which a want of education has imposed upon 
 them. 
 
 To a person who is anxious of assuming a 
 i proper attitude in colloquy or oratorVj orthoepy 
 is of grand importance; a blunder of this kind 
 in conversation will turn the finest reasoning into 
 laughter and ridicule*, while in oratory it will- 
 completely deprive the speaker of that respect 
 (and attention which he should possess from hisr 
 auditors. Aristophanes openly ridiculed j£schi~ 
 *es for a false pronunciation, Burke was laughed 
 
at for a similar reason ; and besides the great 
 advantage produced by a propriety of expres- 
 sion and an accurate orthoepy there is another 
 of no unimportant kind, which is, that when 
 once the mind is induced to pursue one plea- 
 sure of a higher order, it is set upon the race 
 of greater things, and will continue to ascend ; 
 but the mind that nothing can excite to elevate 
 itself will not remain stationary, but will des- 
 cend in a progressive ratio until it can hardly 
 be recognized or denominated human. 
 
 facilis descensus Averni, 
 
 Sed revocare gradum, superasque evadere ad auras 
 Hie labor, hoc opus est* 
 
 The descent into hell is easy 5 but to recall your j 
 steps and ascend to the upper regions, forms the labour j 
 and the difficulty. 
 
 But it is not to the uneducated class that 1 
 this neglect of their vernacular tongue is alone 1 
 attributable: the carelessness pervades the 
 higher branches of society, and we know many 
 who would feel ashamed of a false quantity in 
 Greek or Latin that are absolutely incapable of 
 reading with propriety an English newspaper. 
 
The stage has little authority with regard 
 to pronunciation, and its affectations will be 
 carefully avoided by every person of good taste :• 
 burd lor beard, aitches for aches, Karto for 
 Cato, rallery for raillery, kwality for quolity, 
 (quality) Room for Rome, and very many 
 others are vulgarisms of the theatre, and find 
 disciples only among those whose minds are of 
 the same grade as the histrion whom they 
 imitate — they are knights of the unknown 
 tongue. Was it in the reading of such couplets 
 as the following that John Kemble adopted the 
 word burd} 
 
 And yet by authors 'tis averr'd 
 
 He made use only of his beard, (burd) 
 
 This equal shame and envy stirr'd 
 
 I'th' enemy that one should beard, (burd) 
 
 But other examples existed to correct ami 
 to shew the erroneousness of this notion. 
 
 Insulted and revil'd and jeer'd 
 
 With rude invasion of his beard.— Hud-. 
 
 Could when their profits interfer'd 
 
 ©et quarter for each others beard. —Hud. 
 
Whereby in sleep men are disturb'd or fear'd 
 Let those be ehief and wear a golden beard.— I&L 
 
 I'll take her father by the beard, 
 I'll challenge all her kindred ; 
 Each dastard soul shall stand afeard. 
 My wrath shall no more be hindered. 
 
 Bel. o/Anc. Poetry,. 
 
 We look behind ; then view his shaggy beard, 
 His clothes were tagg'd with thorns, and filtlu his 
 limbs besmear'd. — Dry. Vir. 
 
 And I will believe him worthy of the- beard 
 
 And hair of our forefathers — less is fear'd. — H. X 
 
 A comet and without a beard, 
 
 Or star that ne'er before appear'd.— Hud. 
 
 Similar instances might be multiplied to 
 shew that the word heard had always- the same 
 sound that it now possesses, and it will appear 
 perhaps astonishing that upon such an occasion 
 Kemble's penetration and discernment should ut- 
 terly have abandoned him in adopting the absurd 
 pronunciation of burd; for were we not borne 
 out by the evidence, it would appear almost in- 
 credible that he should fall into this ridiculous 
 sj?ror, by adopting the sound hurd to the ©Id 
 
reading of heard, which was universally pro- 
 nounced heerd. 
 
 When Hudibras this language heard (heerd) 
 He prick'd up 's ears and strok'd his heard. — Hud* 
 
 Boy. Her mothers I have heard (heerd) 
 Long. God's blessing on your beard. — Shaks, 
 
 Things that the legend never heard of (heerd) 
 But made the wicked sore afeard of.— Hud. 
 
 Let others bear to sea — Mencetes heard, (heerd) 
 But secret shelves too cautiously he fear'd 
 And fearing sought the deep, and still aloft he 
 steerd. — Dry. Yir. 
 
 Of various tongues the mingled sounds were 
 
 heard (heerd) 
 Tn various garbs, promiscuous things appear'd. 
 
 Pope. 
 
 Oh wit and grave discretion I have heard (heerd 
 Indeed do many times prevent a beard. 
 
 Hoi. A. P. F. 
 
 A thousand such examples might he pro- 
 duced still further to confirm this blunder, but 
 these are surely enough to put burd at rest 
 with the Capulets for ever. Dr. Johnson was 
 
one of the last who retained heerd: he de- 
 fended the pronunciation upon the principle 
 of the sound hurd being the only deviation 
 from that of ear; but neither the authority 
 or practice of any individual should unfix the 
 law established by the common decision of so- 
 ciety. 
 
 Thus Sir William Yonge would have had 
 
 great so pronounced as to rhyme to seat, and if 
 reason had possessed the power of controul, 
 Sir William would have been submitted to ; but 
 
 the public pronounced it urate, and retain to this 
 
 day what Sir William donominated the erinism. 
 In the old rhymes we find it invariably sounded 
 
 greet : 
 
 And as in prison mean rogues beat 
 
 Hemp for the service of the great, (greet; Hud. 
 
 Choose what thou would'st advise him, when the 
 
 great (greet) 
 Empress resolves to marry — This so neat Hol.J. 
 
 Well ! what's the end ? O glory ! a defeat, 
 
 He has ! flies into exile ! There this great (greet) 
 
 However correct Kemble may have been 
 with regard to the rhythmus, there was ape* 
 
PREFACE. Xlll 
 
 dantry and affectation in his reading of aches 
 which was inexcusable. Every body knew as 
 well as he did what the metre required: every 
 one knew, from innumerable positions, the old 
 pronunciation of the word. It remained for 
 him to break the stamp with which the public 
 had impressed the term, and vainly to presume 
 that he was communicating something* of which 
 they were totally ignorant. Besides, in the fol- 
 lowing passage, which is that in which he ren- 
 dered himself so conspicuously ridiculous, the 
 cesura impinges so strongly upon the word, 
 and the hiatus created is so forcible, that it 
 would have been far more creditable to his in- 
 genuity to have accommodated it to the present 
 reading, than it served his critical acumen by 
 the new light he thought to shed upon liter- 
 ature by so great a discovery. 
 
 If thou neglect'st or dost unwillingly 
 What I command, Til rack thee with old cramps, 
 Fill all thy bones with aches: make thee roar 
 That beasts shall tremble at thy din. 
 
 Shah. Tempest a. 1, s. 2. 
 
 Kind heav'n let heavy curses 
 Gall his old age, cramps, aches, rack his bones. 
 Otway'n Venice Pres* 
 
 L 
 
XI* PREFACE. 
 
 Can by their pangs and aches find 
 
 All turns and changes of the wind H U (k 
 
 As no man of his own self catches 
 The itch or amorous French aches. 
 
 Rome, corruptly pronounced Room by the 
 players, is another of those unjustifiable devi- 
 ations which the histrionic artist has generated, 
 and to which it would appear (from the tena- 
 city with which he adheres to it and opposes 
 public opinion) he appends classical impor- 
 tance — an importance similar to that of a vul- 
 gar who intends to be vastly fine when he says 
 "I were walking in the Park." Upon what 
 principle do these people apologise for their 
 Room} Not from the Greek or Latin, in 
 botfi which they are sounded Roam, which 
 would at once satisfy the conviction of any 
 reasonable and educated person ; but from 
 having found some old rhymes in which 
 the word Rome is made to correspond with 
 4omb and doom. 
 
 He yet received the Cumbrians and the doom 
 They threaten'd: he alone sav'd trembling Rome. 
 (Room) Bol. Jup. 
 
Who thought not that the great born spirit- of 
 
 Rome (Room) 
 Had lyen o'erwhelm'd in her Brutus tomb. 
 
 HoL A. P. F. 
 
 First seiz'd the people's and frighted Rome (Room) 
 Was fill'd with fatal prodigies; to whom ■ 
 
 May's Lucan. 
 
 But if such examples be produced to con- 
 firm their correctness, a thousand might be 
 brought forward to give it the sound of lltim, 
 which it must be granted would be more 
 spirited. 
 
 Will I like Csesar to my country come, 
 
 Nor never more unless with peace, shall Rome (Rum) 
 
 When he his third dictatorship at Rome (Rum) 
 Had tane and thence to Sicilie was come. 
 
 Which from a kingdom's state is now bacome 
 A subject province to imperial Rome (Rum) 
 
 Then 'gainst thyself, if war so wicked, Rome (Rum) 
 Then love, when all the world is overcome. 
 
 Wouldst thou so wound our shame, that not from 
 
 Rome (Rum) 
 But Parthia the revenge of Roms (Rum) should come. 
 
Pompey but then a gentleman of Rome (Rum) 
 Had quieted the West, and Spain overcome. 
 
 It will be objected perhaps that in all these 
 instances there is but the word come; but if 
 the reader were to take the trouble of the ex- 
 amination, he would find that to one instance of 
 Rome rhyming with any other word, such as 
 doom, tomb, whom, some, there are an hun- 
 dred to the word come, and had Kemble adopted 
 Rum as the proper sound instead of Room the 
 innumerable authorities of jingling to substan- 
 tiate it would have carried the propriety of the 
 pronunciation beyond doubt and question, and 
 placed it out of the reach of all controversy. 
 Here again then the gentlemen of the stage 
 have sadly blundered ; but as they are gene- 
 rally too Boeotian for confutation, 1 he mistake 
 is likely to obtrude itself still longer ; where 
 there is little education and reason, there exist 
 generally a superstitious attachment to error 
 and an invincible repugnance to conviction. 
 
 The following instances must be allowed 
 some weight in establishing the English pro- 
 nunciation of Rome, 
 Winchester. — This Rome shall remedy. 
 Warwick.— Then roam thither then,-— King Henri/ 6. 
 
PREFACE. XVII 
 
 That their disordered silence here at home 
 May any way disturb the peace of Rome. 
 
 May's Lucan 76. 
 
 His troops through France dispers'd strait calling home 
 With flying colours marches on to Rome.^i£. 
 
 Thus when we view some well proportioned dome 
 The world's just wonder, and e'en thine, O Rome. 
 
 Pope. E. on C. 
 
 London, the needy villain's general home 
 The common sewer of Paris and of Rome. 
 
 Dr. Johnson. 
 
 The following letter which appeared in 
 the "Times" of November 3rd. 1829, speaks 
 Ihe sense of the Public upon the question : 
 
 {i Mr. Young's Brutus was beautifully impres- 
 sive, There is one point in the performance which 
 deserves particular remark, but certainly not of a 
 laudatory nature. We allude to the pronunciation 
 of the word 'Rome.' Mr. Young, following the 
 example of the late John Kemble, perseveres with 
 obstinate pertinacity in pronouncing it as if it were 
 spelled with a double O, Room ; while Cassius, An- 
 thony, and the other dramatis personse, pronounce 
 the word in the ordinary, and, as we think, in the 
 
proper manner, Rome. For consistency's sake 
 these Roman citizens ought to be uniform in their 
 pronunciation of the name of the place of which 
 they are denizens. It appears to us that it savours 
 a little of affectation when Mr. Young chooses to 
 adopt a pronunciation at variance with that of the 
 public at large, Following up the principle on 
 which he denominates Rome ' Room,' Mr. Young, 
 we suppose, would descant on the doom, (dome,) of 
 ihe king's palace, or would ask a friend to walk 
 hoom with him to dinner.'' 
 
 Editor's Note, Nov. 4th. 182 9. — The whole case 
 lies in a nutshell. . The custom of educated society 
 is the rule of pronunciation: Mr. Young must be a 
 silly person to contend against the general sense of 
 repeated audiences. 
 
 The fiat of the Editor of the Times we 
 regard as completely conclusive, and decisive of 
 Ihe question, and assuming-, for an instant, the 
 tone of Dr. Johnson, we say, " enough, no 
 more of it." 
 
 As we however do not wish to be tyran- 
 nical, we will furnish the Eonm-ans with an 
 apology for their pronunciation, and leave them 
 to make the best of it, In a Latin author we 
 are informed that Rome was built upon the site 
 of a village called Rurna Mamma, Now words 
 
are easily dissolvable into each other ; Thame 
 and Isis give us Tamesis, Thames, and this 
 effect may be discerned without difficulty in 
 Ruma Mamma; for if we take the first part 
 of Mamma with Ruma we shall have Ruma-ma, 
 which by apocope may he appropriately abbre- 
 viated into Ruma'. and if we take the last part 
 mma it will produce exactly the same result. 
 It may be seen then, with the twentieth part 
 of an eye, that Ruma is in reality a contrac- 
 tion of both.* 
 
 Further, it is well known that the letter u 
 was pronounced by the Latins like our double 
 o 9 which would give the sound of Rooma, from 
 which it may be fairly inferred, that that was 
 its proper appellation, and when we take into 
 consideration that the old tree mentioned by 
 Tacitus was called Rumelia, and that there 
 exists at this day a country bearing the same 
 patronymic, it will confirm at once the pro- 
 
 * Tn these transactions the Ottoman prince, by 
 the Orientals and even by Timour is styled the 
 Kaissar of Roum. — Gibbon 12, 20. 
 
 His kingdom of Roum extended from the Hel- 
 lespont to the confines of Syria.— Gibb. 2,57. 
 
priety of- Room, Thus we furnish an argument 
 for the players which ^will augment their infor- 
 mation without mitigating their obstinacy ; and 
 it will also exhibit to them the origin of the 
 word mamma, and will no doubt excite their 
 wonder to find that Papa is still the head of 
 Mamma , or Room. 
 
 Another word to which our attention is 
 inperatively called, from the absurd practice of 
 reading- it most ridiculously with two sounds, 
 is wind, (ventus Latin) Now we hold and lay 
 it down as a rule as immutable as the laws of 
 the Medes and Persians that no word, in the 
 same sense, can have two ways of pronunci- 
 ation ; therefore this one cannot in prose be 
 ivind and in poetry wined. It is allowed on 
 every hand to be inconsistent with all the prin- 
 ciples of good taste to make the sounds of 
 words accommodate themselves to the influ- 
 ence of the rhyme; if this were once to be done 
 we should abandon language to merited deri- 
 sion, and poetry to the most puerile efforts of 
 doggrel. 
 
 Of his late wars and toil ; his fame and glory, 
 His power and gifts, the strongest oratory. 
 
PREFACE, XXI 
 
 Were we to make the two last syllables of 
 the last line a trochee instead of a pyrrhie 
 the effect would be truly ludicrous. We should 
 have fame and glory rhyming with oar-a- 
 toar-ry. Again, 
 
 Of their long service let these soldiers all 
 Triumph, though under any general. 
 
 Who would recommend in this example the 
 reading of gener-awl for the purpose of jing- 
 ling it with the preceding line ? No one could 
 be found to advocate such an absurdity. 
 
 Those that inhabit that far western shore 
 Vainly suppose that they alone, before 
 The setting sun forsake this atmosphere 
 Do view his face at nearer distance there 
 Than other men, than other countries can, 
 And that he falls into their ocean. 
 
 The last word of these lines, ocean, must 
 be read o-she-an, if made to sound with can: 
 the incongruity is too manifest to need more to 
 be said on the subject. We take it for granted 
 therefore that the impropriety of rhyming 
 words is on all sides admitted ; but, as we are 
 desirous of bringing the thing home to those 
 
who may notwithstanding be inclined Still to 
 adhere to their wined, we require them to resrd 
 the following lines. 
 
 Touch If a hart do lack a hind 
 
 Let him seek out Rosalind, 
 
 If a cat will after kind 
 
 So be sure will Rosalind. 
 
 They that reap must sheaf and bind, 
 
 Then to cart with Rosalind. 
 
 Sweetest nut but sourest rind, 
 
 Such a nut is Rosalind. 
 
 No person would think of rhyming Rosa- 
 lind with the final sound of the preceding lines : 
 it would therefore on all hands be read, and 
 correctly read, as a dactyl. We now arrive at 
 our point, — and we ask, who would venture to 
 sound wind, wined, in the first of the following* 
 couplet ? 
 
 Ros. Her worth being mounted on the wind 
 Through all the world bears Rosalind. 
 
 Not only would the proper pronunciation 
 of the word be entirely lost, but the versification 
 utterly destroyed — two blunders in one breath. 
 We trust we have said enough to eradicate this 
 

 inelegant custom, and to induce those who have 
 hitherto heen guilty of it to lay it aside, and to 
 aid us in our humble efforts to establish some- 
 thing like principle for our guidance. He 
 that is in error cannot rightly justify himself 
 but by forsaking it: what is more honorable 
 or praiseworthy than a secession to truth and 
 reason ? 
 
 There is nothing more idle than an endeavour 
 to extract from poetical authors authority for 
 the proper orthoepy of words ; they seek har- 
 mony from the most palpable discordances. The 
 citations given in the course of this work, will 
 suffice to show that the most opposite pronun- 
 ciations may be proved from poetry: no quota- 
 tion can thence be brought forward as confirma- 
 tory of either propriety or impropriety ; besides, 
 time past cannot be permitted to dictate to 
 time present. — Pope, although denominat- 
 ed the great jingler, deserves by no means the 
 reputation he has obtained as a versifier : he 
 certainly does not possess in that respect the 
 merit of his model Dryden. — urn and mourn, 
 improve and love, weak and take, hear and ear, 
 return and mourn, scorned and burned, meat 
 -and sweat, vain and man, return and unborn, ar© 
 
instances from Pope which more than suffice to 
 show how vague and frivolous any reference to 
 poetry must be for the purpose of decision. — 
 Poets are in the habit of accomodating any word 
 with another, provided it be within a thousand 
 miles of their mark, without regard to pro- 
 priety, to rhyme, to metre, or indeed anything 
 but their own indolence and immediate con- 
 venience. The custom of good society is there- 
 fore tne only standard: the jus et norma 
 loquendi. 
 
 One material circumstance to which it is 
 necessary to allude^ whence great disturbance 
 accrues to that universality of sound in words 
 that it would be so desirable to establish, is from 
 certain teachers, who, adopting a fanciful neo- 
 logy, introduce pronunciations created from 
 their own notions of propriety and which no- 
 tions have been grounded perhaps in Ireland, 
 Scotland or Yorkshire and introduced to the 
 metropolitans as proprieties of speech. We 
 do not intend to quarrel with these gentlemen 
 ^f we criticise them ; their aim has been lauda- 
 ble and if they have failed in a little, society 
 is indebted to them for a great deal ; but it is 
 very essential that the vulgarisms they have 
 
adopted and patronised should be impeded in 
 their march, at the entrance of the country they 
 have so improperly invaded. 
 
 We seldom meet with a Scot, an Irishman, 
 or an English rustic, that does not boast of the 
 superior orthoepy and dialect t)f his native 
 soil ; yet Boswell apologised for being- a Scotch- 
 man and years after boasted of his improved 
 pronunciation. Irishmen are almost imperti- 
 nent in their appeal to you upon the subject, 
 and there exists a joke that Curran once seeing 
 a man with his mouth wide open, said he was 
 catching the English accent. Entitled to the 
 same privilege we claim regal dominion for 
 the parlance of the metropolis, and totally 
 denegate the capability of any man to de- 
 cide upon the enunciation of the English lan- 
 guage; unless he not only have been bred in 
 London, but circulated also in good society. 
 
 We subjoin a very few of the singularities 
 recommended by a teacher of elocution : — 
 Basket — bas-ket Cough — coff 
 
 Castle — cas-ile Chaps — chops 
 
 Crafty — craf-ty Wrath — r-olh 
 
 ; G 1 a s s _ „g i as , Fro th—fr-oiJi 
 
Grant— gr-rcnf 
 Plant — pl-ant 
 Waft— waf-t 
 Sample — sam-pk 
 Gape — garp 
 Falcon— fawcon 
 Behove— beehoove 
 Galeon — galloon 
 Haunt — harnt 
 Daunt — darrit 
 Covetous — covetus 
 Sojourn — so-journ 
 Squirrel — Squerril 
 
 The following he would have pronounced as 
 if the first letter were followed by y, as Kyar, 
 Kyind. 
 
 Broth— br-oth 
 Fulsome—; ful (as hull) 
 Combat — kumbut 
 Wonted — wunted 
 Syrup — surrup 
 Bosom — boosum 
 Clef— clif 
 
 Laudan urn — loddenam 
 Yes— Yis 
 Gaunt — garnt 
 Choir — quire 
 Panegyric — panegeric 
 
 Car 
 Guard 
 Duty 
 Tutor 
 
 Kind 
 
 Sky 
 New 
 Tuesday 
 
 Card 
 
 Girl 
 
 Tulip 
 
 Guide 
 
 Calf 
 
 Dew 
 
 The first words of the list are pronounced in 
 the manner laid down, only by the most effemi- 
 nate dandies : such a method of speech outrages 
 every feeling of manliness and propriety: what if 
 a Fribble should say to us, I put thecjpla^ with 
 
the glas into the bas-kct which was gr-anted me 
 and carried it as a sam-ple to the cas-tlc. — We 
 ask of every man if it would not disgust him to 
 sickness ? The following belong- to the most 
 wretched absurdities of the stage, and even 
 there to the most low and uneducated. The 
 dyuke made a nyeiv tyune upon the iyulip co- 
 vered with dyew, and brought it to the tyutor 
 onfyucsday. He was in the kyar with thegyuide 
 whose dyuly it was to be kyind to the gyirl who 
 had bought the kyalf. The others do not ap- 
 pertain to the English language. 
 
 This gentleman inculcates that, all words 
 beginning with ivh, should be pronounced with 
 the h first — thus — I saw a h-icale in the h-warf 
 tied to a h-weel to be h-ivipped, h-ivich I 
 thought h-wimsical. 
 
 Another orthoepist of the day give us the 
 fallowing illustrations of his system : — 
 
 Again 
 
 agen 
 
 Cucumber 
 
 cowcumber 
 
 Against 
 
 agenst 
 
 Decorous 
 
 de-kore-us 
 
 Apostle 
 
 apossel 
 
 Drought 
 
 drort 
 
 Axiom 
 
 axshum 
 
 Dew 
 
 dyew 
 
 Beneatji 
 
 beneathe 
 
 Duke 
 
 dyuke 
 
 Buoy 
 
 Wov 
 
 Drama 
 
 dravma 
 
XXV1U PRE 
 
 Chaldron chavvdron 
 Cochineal kutshineel 
 Combat kumbat 
 
 Combatant kumbatant 
 Corn korrn not kawn 
 Cough kofnotkorf 
 Cross kross not krawse 
 
 Disoblige disobleej 
 Educate edjucate 
 
 Environs s. environs 
 Extraordinary extrordinary 
 
 Fabric 
 
 Gold 
 
 Heinous 
 
 Important im-pore-tant Chorister 
 
 Knowledge no-ledge 
 
 Lest 
 Leisure 
 Luxury 
 New 
 
 Oblique 
 
 Patent 
 
 Patron 
 
 Progress 
 
 Prologue 
 
 Pumice 
 
 leest 
 leezyur 
 lukshury 
 nyew 
 oblike 
 pay tent 
 paytron 
 prog-ress 
 prol-og 
 pu-mis 
 
 Rarity 
 Rather 
 Saturn 
 Satire 
 Source 
 
 faybric 
 go old 
 haynous 
 quirrister 
 rar-ity 
 raythur 
 sa-turu 
 sa-tur 
 
 Suggest sug-jest not sudjest 
 Sovereign suvverin not sorren 
 Wont wunt 
 
 Wrath rarth 
 
 Zenith zee-nith not zen-ith 
 
 Pronunciation pro-nunsh-she-ation 
 
 Had pome (poem) and windy (window) 
 been added to the above list, we should have 
 been confirmed in our supposition that the gen- 
 tleman belonged to that emerald isle 
 
• great glorious and free 
 
 First flower of the earth and first gem of the sea. 
 
 It is not necessary to say one word upon them : 
 to notice them is quite sufficient. 
 
 In agriculture it is of consequence to era- 
 dicate weeds from the soil : in conversation it is 
 equally important to expel the barbarisms of 
 vulgarity ; and if language be not enriched 
 and decorated by the eruncation, the face of it 
 is rendered more agreeable and the whole body 
 put in such a state of improvement as to encou- 
 rage our hopes of its producing at a future 
 period a reward for our labours. He who inter- 
 lards his language with a low and vicious 
 phraseology is like a man who picks up withered 
 leaves when he might gather flowers: the place 
 in which he inserts a nettle he might have sup- 
 plied with a rose. Is it preferable to say "I 
 was very lorth to do it " or " I did it with much 
 reluctance ?'' 6i He did it for me like a 
 new un " or " he did it without the least hesi- 
 tation ?" The habit of speaking ill is like the 
 habit of doing ill: it increases by iudulgence; 
 and if not repressed, excludes from usage a se- 
 lection of words that would place conversation 
 in a more respectable position, and bestow upon 
 
 L 
 
it more solidity and brilliancy. The tongue is 
 the percolator of the pen : what the former prac- 
 tices be it good or bad, falls most readily and 
 habitually from the latter. It should therefore 
 be trained up with the most severe discipline, 
 and the most rigid care observed in selecting 
 a choice of words which may familiarize it to 
 an elegant diction, and a prompt and energetic 
 utterance. Not only must this recommendation 
 be rigorously attended to, but the utmost efforts 
 exerted to avoid the mispronunciation of words; 
 and detect those corruptions which so com- 
 monly glide into- the speech of the best of us. — 
 One would imagine that the march of intellect 
 by this time would have effected something for 
 us in this matter ; but this march of intellect 
 learning is very like a pot of honey of which the 
 possessor to gratify our longing permits us to lick 
 the outside; of the reality, whether in substance 
 savour or colour we remain in perfect ignor- 
 ance. Except in the professionally classical 
 schools there is no education in England i it is 
 for the mass of the people, the worst educated 
 country in Europe. The seminaries are occu- 
 pied by any sort of men, over whom the magis- 
 trate has no controul, and to meet an educated 
 
person among the march of intellect people 
 would be a miracle as great as the absurdity 
 that could anticipate it. Thus an indesinently 
 flowing ignorance perpetuates all sorts of cor- 
 ruptions ; and, until every school be turned into 
 a college by means of properly qualified masters, 
 we are hopeless of amelioration. Fas est ab hoste 
 doceri.. Can we not stoop to imitate the institu- 
 tions of the Continent? or is there still a lin- 
 gering fear of education? 
 
 In matters of orthoepy we have not alone 
 to resist the efforts of a wretched system of in- 
 struction, but have to contend against system- 
 mongers and rackers of prosody out of number : 
 men who seem to have had Holofernes for their 
 schoolmaster. 
 
 Hol. He draweth out the thread of his verbo- 
 sity finer than the staple of his argument. I 
 abhor such fantastical phantasms, such unsociable 
 and point devize companions ; such rackers of or- 
 thography as to speak dout fine, when he should say 
 doubt; det when he should say debt, d-e-b-t, not 
 d-e-t; he clepeth a calf, caulf; half, hauf; neigh- 
 bour vocatur nebour ; neigh abreviated ne. It insi- 
 nuateth me of insanie.- L.L.L. a. 5, s. 1. 
 
Were we to follow these point devise com- 
 panions in their caprices, we might upon the 
 principle of former usage justify an alteration of 
 very many words such as importune, chaws, 
 heard j lucre!, great, greet, wrack, afeared, 
 drowth, aspect, aches, contract, perse ver, se- 
 pulchre, compact, advertise, rheumatic, and a 
 hundred others to be found in the body of the 
 work. We raise our voice against these 
 everlasting mutations; and against the im- 
 pertinence, for the most part based on the 
 grossest vulgarity, of these daring- innova- 
 tors. Custom alone is the arbiter, and with- 
 out regard to systems, dictionary makers, teach- 
 ers of elocution, or lustrums, we pronounce re-* 
 fined and educated society, the sole criterion of 
 that which is most generally approved and 
 spoken. To attempt the disturbance of a lan- 
 guage by finical coxcomry; or by patois, which 
 has as much relation with metropolitan lan- 
 guage as it has with the Sclavonic, is not only 
 ridiculous but injurious; inasmuch as it is 
 subversive of conformity, deranges the deter- 
 minations of good society, and impedes that 
 which it would Le so desirable to obtain, a 
 fixity of pronunciation. 
 

 About 1550 the Royal Professors of Paris 
 began to correct some abuses which vitiated 
 the pronunciation of the Latin. Many ecclesi- 
 astics warmly patronised the war against the 
 barbarisms complained of, in spite of the Sor- 
 bonnists, who favoured the corruptions ; and 
 who carried matters, in so trivial a case, even 
 to deprive an incumbent of his benefice for 
 pronouncing quisquis, quamquam, according to 
 the reformed method, and not kiskis. kam- 
 kam,* the old way. The incumbent appealed 
 to the Parliament ; and the Royal Professors, 
 fearing 1 lest he should be overcome by the 
 great influence of the Doctors of the Sarbonne, 
 required an audience of the king, in which 
 they represented with such energy the folly 
 and indignity of the college, that all men were 
 left afterwards to pronounce Latin as they 
 liked best. We might, upon similar grounds, 
 conjure up a war upon conquer and conquest, 
 
 * Evans. Shew me William, some declensions of your 
 pronouns. 
 William. Forsooth I have forgot. 
 Evans, It is ki. ke, kod; if you forget your kies, 
 your kee>, and your kods, you mnst he 
 preeches. — M. IV, o/ IV. a. 4, $. I. 
 
XXXIV PREFACE. 
 
 which in consistency we should pronounce 
 alike, but neither reason nor consistency can 
 interpose in the affair — under an acknowledged 
 despot it is folly to complain of want of law. 
 
 The uselessness of meddling with anomalies 
 diffused over the whole face of a language, is 
 rendered still more striking- and lamentable, by 
 a reference to the outrages latterly com- 
 mitted upon the Spanish by the system mon- 
 gers of that nation. Here is perhaps the 
 finest language of Europe deteriorated by ca- 
 price and fatuity, only to give occasion at a 
 future time, for the properly thinking and eru- 
 dite to restore its Latinity. Time tardily 
 begets changes in many words, but it is tar- 
 d'ly, and we submit so leisurely to the alter- 
 ation that it is scarcely apparent. 
 
 Multa renascentur qua? jam cecidere; cadentque 
 Quae nunc sunt in honore vocabula, si volet usus; 
 Quern penes arbitrium est, et jus et norma loquendi. 
 
 Horace. 
 
 " Many words shall be revived which had become 
 obsolete ; end many now in use shall cease to 'e written 
 if custom sha 1 so will it, in the power of which, is the 
 deter mi aatfoir, the law, and criterion of language. 
 
 
Since the reign of Queen Anne the En- 
 glish has undergone but little change in its or- 
 thography, and if the public determine that 
 the word custom in the above quotation shall 
 not be expunged for the sole purpose of substi- 
 tuting- literary quackery, it will undergo in future 
 as little in orthoepy ; there never was yet a 
 face or a picture without a deterioration ; but 
 if we endeavour violently to remove a freckle 
 or are constantly patching an imperfection, the 
 defect we intend to remedy will be rendered 
 far more conspicuous, and destruction instead 
 of conservation will be the result. 
 
 Before we conclude we must refer to a 
 matter which occasions abundance of dispute 
 on the part of the provincials, and that is tb,e 
 nonaspiration of the letter 11 by the metropo- 
 litans. That letter is acknowledged to be the 
 most useless of the alphabet, and almost the 
 only one requiring a guttural effort to pro- 
 nounce. The Saxons, in whose lauguage the 
 gutteral sounds prevail, consider them so in- 
 harmonious as to sink as much as possible the 
 anti-euphonic sy] sables. The Tuscans, the ele- 
 gance of whose Italian is on all hands ad- 
 
mitted, corrupt their dialect by a guttural enun- 
 ciation, of which the Roman is altogether des- 
 titute. The altisonant Spanish is injured by a 
 similar depravation, which is preclusive of that 
 sweetness so desirable in language, and which 
 is so admirable in the bocca Romana. If the 
 Metropolitans drop a sound so inimical to that 
 softness which constitutes a peculiar beauty in 
 speech, they are justified in so doing upon all 
 the piinciples of good taste: they reject a 
 harshness to adopt an excellence. A native of 
 London would make no difference in the sound, 
 were he to say "she is artless," or "she is 
 heartless," fully persuaded that the context 
 and spirit of the discourse would exhibit the 
 sense without the possibility of perversion or 
 the chance of misunderstanding. 
 
 But the Provincials, accustomed to a 
 harsh determination of the voice regard this 
 nonaspi ration as the most unvenial of sins. 
 Habituated to the halloo of the chase, to speak 
 against the roaring of the wind, to call from 
 hill to hill, to vociferate in the forests, they ac- 
 quire a peculiarity of intonation by which they 
 are instantly recognised ; and, if they obta*m 
 
PREFACE. XXXV11 
 
 an easiness of guttural enunciation, they roust 
 admit that the pre-eminence thus exclusively 
 possessed is not unaccompanied with disadvan- 
 tage, for like Midas who, when he had ob- 
 tained the favour of the God, was compelled 
 to tuin every thing he touched into gold, so 
 the rustics attach their rough breathing indis- 
 criminately to every letter capable of receiving 
 it. We thus hear of H-India, h-orthography, 
 h-ell-wide,h-ebony, h-instinct, h-oxen, lacerat- 
 ing at the same time their own larynx and afflict- 
 ing the more delicate tympana of their metro- 
 politan auditors by a cacophanous pseudology 
 as ridiculous as it is falsely imagined to be 
 proper. It would be quite as reasonable to 
 follow them in their universal application of 
 the word ©<?, the use of which is a syntactical 
 canon in rural grammar, as in their sound of 
 the eighth letter. The indefinite article an 
 was formerly written before any word begin- 
 ning with k : latterly grammarians have deter- 
 mined otherwise, and permit its use only with 
 vowels and words to which they will not allow 
 the aspirate. In a matter of such high import 
 the public must judge for themselves: in the 
 
XXXVU1 PREFACE. 
 
 hope of their approbation we have given read- 
 ing's of words, beginning with h, where an 
 may be permitted to precede ; but we cannot 
 help opining with former authors that the less 
 the letter in question is regarded, the greater 
 will be the mellifluence and the greater the eu- 
 phony. 
 
 In endeavouring to point out and remove 
 some of the blemishes by which our language- 
 is disfigured, it will probably be asked upon 
 what authority we dictate; to which we reply, 
 it is not we who dictate, but the custom of good 
 society. Some will say they never should com- 
 mit a particular impropriety: to which we 
 subjoin, so much the better; but many • do. 
 Others will remark that some of the expres- 
 sions appertain to the less instructed classes of 
 society — we reply that for them, more particu- 
 larly, was this work prepared. But, there is 
 one thing we will venture to assert, from the 
 negligence we know almost universally to per- 
 vade, there are fevf who will not recognise 
 themselves in the book. 
 
For the information of those who have not 
 studied the Latin or Greeks and are conse- 
 quently unversed in scanning or measuring syl- 
 lables, we beg to point out that long syllables 
 or such as the emphasis falls upon are marked 
 thus — : short syllables are designated by a 
 curved line, thus w . For example, the word 
 barter has the emphasis upon the first syllable; 
 and, to shew its pronunciation, would be thus 
 marked, barter, which two marks form what 
 is termed a trochee. The word benumb has 
 the accent on the latter syllable, and is marked 
 the contrary way, which is termed an iambus. 
 Similar marks are made use of in the work to 
 determine where the stress of the voice should 
 fall ; besides which the author has endeavoured, 
 by a paronomous or similarly sounding word 
 to facilitate and render evident the true pro- 
 nunciation. 
 
 The reader is requested to notice that in referring 
 to the Index the proper word must be looked for. 
 
ERRATA. 
 
 Pref. p. 15. people's — people 
 
 frighted—affrighted 
 19. For the passage as it stands, read — the old 
 tree mentioned by Tacitus was called 
 Ruminalis, and that there exists at this 
 day a country bearing' the patronymic 
 Rumelia. 
 33. conquer— conqueror 
 35. gutteral— guttural 
 Page 4. mominative— nominative 
 7. waa— was 
 il. to much — too 
 
 16. matters— matter's 
 
 17. karlekin— harlekin 
 IS. ths— the 
 
 50. tedium — tedium 
 
VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 Fetch the hyntment 
 He is gone to townd 
 The mercantile world 
 A glass of wyned 
 By the showlders 
 A regular vagrum 
 It isn't your consarn 
 Does the water bile ? 
 
 ointment oyntment 
 town jjj 
 
 mercantile 
 wine 
 shoulders sholeders 
 vagrant 
 concern 
 boil - boyl 
 
 But let a fever rich Gallita boile 
 Or childless Paccius, straight the temple's ile 
 
 H.J.s. 12. 
 
 She is so pervarse 
 The water's loowann 
 What an effluvia 
 That's super-flew-ous 1 
 The pudding's burnt to 
 Empt that basin 
 Heft that weight 
 That's bold almanack 
 I had it free gratis 
 
 perverse pervurse 
 
 lukewarm 
 
 effluvium 
 
 superfluous 
 
 burnt to the pot 
 
 empty 
 
 lift, raise 
 
 bole ammoniac 
 
 omit free 
 
VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 Cowcumbers and indive 
 
 The laying in hospital 
 
 Bring a sallitt 
 
 At White Cundik House 
 
 Pray, take a cheer 
 
 Common Garden 
 
 What a pretty creetur 
 
 It's the natur of it 
 
 Three fardens 
 
 Give two haypence 
 
 I ax'd him about it 
 
 Buy some pennywinkles 
 
 I took the oltitude 
 
 They strained for the rent 
 
 He has a spice of his father 
 
 The naytional school 
 You are preemature 
 I"m subject to the boil 
 Bring me a cutlash 
 An excellent meddysun 
 A horrid massacree 
 The nommynative case 
 The tschyle of the stomach 
 
 A harnch of vcnnvsun 
 
 cucumbers and endive 
 lying in 
 salad 
 Conduit Cundit 
 
 chair 
 Covent 
 creature kreetshur 
 nature naytshur 
 
 farthings 
 halfpence 
 asked arsk*d 
 
 perriwinkles 
 altitude 
 dis-trained 
 something of the cha- 
 racter 
 national nashunal 
 
 premature prem-atshur 
 bile 
 cutlass 
 medicine medsun 
 
 massacre masserker 
 mominative nomnative 
 chyle kyle 
 
 S haunch hawnch 
 
 c venison vensun 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 5 
 
 It's a rale diermunt diamond, real dymund 
 
 Full of ter-giv-ersation ter-jiversation 
 
 She can'f come while evening until the evening 
 She is the mattron matron maytron 
 
 He is the paytron patron pat-tron 
 
 What a whyld he's gone while 
 
 He's a formidable fellow formidable 
 
 I was obligated obliged 
 
 They have no industry Industry 
 
 Not strolling idleness to aid, 
 But honest industry decay'd. — Swift's Mis. 
 
 St. Se-pull-ker's church sepulcre* sepulkur 
 
 To take my spoils and leave my body bare 
 As for my sepulchre-let heaven take care. 
 
 Dry.JEn.b. 2,i\ 877. 
 Or secret sands shall sepulchres afford 
 To thy proud vessels and their perjur'd lord. 
 
 Dry.JEn. 6.4, v. 553. 
 Silv. Go to thy lady's grave and call her thence ; 
 
 Or at the least in her's sepulchre thine.-=-2 G. of V- 
 
 He lives in Singin street St. John-street 
 
 Awake my St. John (Sinjin) leave all meaner things. 
 Pope's Ess. on Man, /. 1 . 
 Of the typus fever typhus tyfus 
 
 I"ve got tbe opthalmy ophthalmia ofthalmia 
 
 * The verb is supulchre; but the noun is sepulchre. 
 
6 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 He is very fillantroffick philanthropic fillan- 
 
 thropic 
 In our ridgiinent regiment ridgment 
 
 The thehayter's burnt theatre 
 
 From thence return, attended with ray train, 
 Where the proud theatres disclose the scene. 
 
 Geor. 3. 
 
 It's quite lamentable lam-entable 
 
 Here's towards your health towards toeherds 
 
 Lor. And sigh'd his soul toward the Grecian tents. 
 
 M.o/V.aA.s.X. 
 Hurling defiance toward the vault of heaven. 
 
 P. L.b.l, 1669. 
 
 Near Redriff ' \ Rotherhithe 
 
 The horse was rusty restive 
 
 I don't like cereraSny ceremony 
 
 I fotched it myself fetched 
 
 Not for the warsal world universal 
 
 have cast the 'versal worlds nativity H. 
 
 Vot are they made of what 
 
 Vy, vith vax, vicks, and all why, with wax, wicks 
 
 and all 
 Vot a pain in my lines what, loins 
 
 Whose pitch more vessels keeps? more lasting wines? 
 What wert to help then, a spent clients loins, [lines] 
 
 H.J.s.9. 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 7 
 
 A buggumy pitch plaster Burgundy 
 
 Hotter of roses otto 
 
 He took me by the scruff of 1 « , , 
 
 the neck } A sheer vul S a ™ m 
 
 A hayporth of apples half penny worth 
 
 Give me a haypenny half penny 
 
 He's a capital bouler bowler boler 
 
 It's q u»e elated { jggEgj 
 
 In rayal harnest real, earnest, ernest 
 
 He belongs to the quire choir koy-er 
 
 Let all the quire of clowns attend the show 
 In long procession, shouting as they g-o. 
 
 Dry. G. I. 473. 
 The commonality of people common-alty 
 
 The rule of substraction sub-traction 
 
 He received a chastisement chastisement 
 
 It's a good sperrit spirit spirrit 
 
 When I was in Hinjey India Indier 
 
 The star was on the orrizon horizon ho-ri-zon 
 
 They bought a shay cart a chaise cart 
 
 How gashly he looks ghastly garstly 
 
 rpi , • , ,, f design* subtle 
 
 The dezign waa sub-tie j desJ | n ^ 
 
 He sells karrun carion . kar-ri-un 
 
 * The adjective and participle dezigned. 
 
8 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 It took such a holt of him a hold of him 
 
 The horse raired up reared reer'd 
 
 We had turtle and csetera turtle et csetera 
 
 I have never a one I have none 
 
 As pretty as a cherubin cherub 
 
 Gadsbud ! she's a wife for a cherubin. — D. D. a. 2. 
 I doubted its a-curacy accuracy 
 
 It was very acseptable acceptable 
 
 ■ let us then not pursue 
 By force impossible, by leave obtain'd 
 Unacceptable, though in heaven. 
 
 ^.£.6.10,0.259. 
 He was an accessory accessory 
 
 he would have spoke 
 
 But hiss for hiss return'd with forked tongue 
 To forked tongue, for now were all transformM 
 Alike, to serpents all as accessories. 
 
 P. L. b. 10, v. 520. 
 The law takes cog-nizance cognizance connizance 
 Not conversant in the law cdnversant 
 
 Enquire at the Admiraltry Admiral-ty 
 
 The curd is made withrunnitt rennet 
 
 I went to Guy-ldhall Guildhall Ghildhall 
 
 He practyzes his exercise practises 
 
 They received a respite respite respi'fc 
 
 Skum the pot skim 
 
 Give me the ribbin riband rib-band 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 9 
 
 The pynt of the knyfe point poynt 
 
 Gone on an harrand er-rand 
 
 Goe soul the bodies guest 
 
 Upon a thanklesse arrant. 
 
 Rehof A.P.thetye. 
 Hnce I will yes 
 
 Is that saykrilige? sacrilege sak-ri-lidge 
 
 I hate so-fistry sophistry sof-istry 
 
 He dislikes saytur satire sat-tyre 
 
 Satyr is a sort of glass wherein beholders do generally 
 discover every body's face but their own. 
 
 Swift B. of B. 
 
 That's my highdee of it idea eye-dear 
 
 At first there was a tchaos chaos kayus 
 
 It fell down the hairy area aie-re-ur 
 
 Have you got any bakky tobacco 
 
 We went to the larnch launch lawnch 
 
 - Then from his ear 
 
 He poiz'd and aim'd, and launch'd the trembling spear. 
 
 Dry.jEn.b.9. 
 
 Put it in an invellup envelope envelope 
 
 Envelope that in cotton envelope en-vel-liip 
 
 Lend these to paper sparing Pope, 
 And when he sits to write 
 
 No letter with an envelope 
 
 Could give him more delight. Swift's Mis. 
 
10 
 
 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 I haiat got narer a pia 
 It's agin the- table 
 Shet the shetters 
 It was so appeal antly 
 Where are my gallowses 
 I shuperintended it all 
 Fetch some kurrans 
 He clomb up the tree 
 
 I have not a pin 
 
 against 
 
 shut the shutters 
 
 apparently apparently 
 
 braces 
 
 su-perintended (soo) 
 
 currants 
 
 climbed 
 
 Swift as the winds or Scythian arrows fight, 
 He clomb with eager haste th'aerial height. 
 
 D.M. 6.8,1;. 293. 
 In at the window climbs, or o'er the tiles, 
 So clomb this first grand thief into God's fold. 
 
 P.L. b. 4, v. 192, 
 
 She sot upon his knee 
 The body was anotomized 
 He's kotched at last 
 That's her lovyer 
 He had a proper basting 
 I was a right to do it 
 It's very ludickerous 
 She boffled you there 
 He bust the door open 
 
 sat 
 
 a-nat-omized 
 
 caught 
 
 lover love-her 
 
 beating 
 
 I had 
 
 ludi-crous krus 
 
 baffled 
 burst berst 
 
 Of a very warm temperament* temper, meaning 
 passionate 
 
 emper relates to mind— temperament to body. 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 11 
 
 That's very ill convenient in -convenient 
 
 Look in the kinnel kennei 
 
 I did it the fift time fif-th 
 
 Thus said wise Ennius aftVh'bad dream'd he was 
 Homer the fift formed by Pythagoras. 
 
 Uolyday.A.P.F. 
 " That it may not he defended to say that Pythagoras 
 was before Homer and so to say that 'Ennuis was the 
 fift from Pythagoras."— Holy day. 
 
 I was laying down lying" 
 
 Barkshire and Darby Berk-shire Der-b}' 
 
 I harrd it yesterday heard herd 
 
 Mr. Smith, Esquire Thomas Smith, Esq. 
 
 Take this here and that there this and that 
 Only on work-a-days working days 
 
 Jest so just 
 
 Give me the scithers scissors sizzefs 
 
 Will you boul? bowl bole 
 
 Marg. Come, come, you talk greasily : your lips grow foul 
 Cost. She's too bard for you at pricks Sir, challenge her 
 
 to bowl 
 Boy. I fear to much rubbing— good night my good owl. 
 Lovs^s Lab. Lost, a. 4, s. 1. 
 
 'He was wownded wounded woonded 
 
 1 was a great mind I had 
 
 With the greatest of pleasure omit of 
 
 The whold biling was spylt whole, boiling, spoiled 
 
12 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 How you garp gape 
 
 Of horses led, and grooms besmeared with g'old, 
 
 Dazzles the croud, and sets them all agape. 
 
 P. I. 5, 129, 
 
 > Jan-u-ary, Feb-ru-ary 
 
 poached 
 
 said he, said I 
 
 chasm kazm 
 
 churl tchurl 
 
 slippery 
 
 catch 
 
 In Jennerwerry andFeber 
 werry 
 
 Some porched eggs 
 
 J usfr so says he, so says 1 
 
 What a tchazm 
 
 He's a proper old kurl 
 
 The streets are slippy 
 
 Ketch it, Ann, ketch it 
 
 We were c5mmenting upon it commenting 
 
 Second Lord. We did my Lord, weeping and comment- 
 ing upon the sobbing deer. 
 
 As you like it, a. 2, s. 1. 
 
 player, or actor 
 
 iiiy grammar 
 
 once wunse 
 
 coral korral 
 
 charta karta 
 
 threw 
 
 He's a play-actor 
 My grammar book 
 I was wunst there 
 This necklace is kurral 
 According to Magna Charta 
 He heaved it at me 
 
 Pros. By foul play as thou say'st were we heaved thence. 
 Steph. I escaped upon a butt of sack which the sailors 
 
 heaved overboard. — Temp. 
 se is a dipthong diph-thong dif- 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 13 
 
 eau is a tripthong 
 
 She's a nold dooman 
 
 I prefer chest to whisk 
 
 He gave me a serpeeny 
 
 Make a kurtchy, miss 
 
 He behaves respectably to his 
 
 parents 
 He sot on the bench astroddle 
 It's hardly creditable 
 For five days successfully 
 She's too decissive by far 
 flangkore, hangkore 
 I harnselled his shop 
 
 triph-thong trif- 
 
 an old woman 
 
 chess whist 
 
 subpoena subpener 
 
 courtesy k artsy 
 
 respectfully 
 
 sat, a-straddle 
 
 credible 
 
 successively 
 
 decisive de-sigh-si ve 
 
 encore ornkore 
 
 hanselled 
 
 Lend me your hingeyrubber India-rubber Indi-er 
 The act of habis korpis habeas corpus 
 
 The harnted house haunted horn-ted 
 
 "Now you shall see some grandames or fond aunts, 
 Whom women's fury, superstition haunts. 
 
 Hoi. A.P.P.s. 2. 
 
 The title is herrydittary 
 Don't be so fantarstical 
 That distitch is pretty 
 A substarntial dinner 
 I bought his demez^y 
 What hyperbowl 
 
 hereditary he-red-itary 
 
 fan_-tas-ti-cal 
 distich distik 
 
 sub-stan-tial 
 demesne demean 
 
 hyperbole hlghperboliy 
 
14 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 Quite a merrykle 
 
 Do you learn drawring 
 
 Get up the lather 
 
 This is stick Kkerish 
 
 He's a Uropean 
 
 The Pytha-gore-ean system 
 
 Beware of his matchinations machinations 
 
 I took a drort of beer draught 
 
 Poor Secundus Carinas, Athens taught; 
 
 Which ne'er durst give, save a cold hemlock drarght 
 
 Hoi. Juv.s.l. 
 Greatness with Timdn lives in such a di aught, 
 As hrings all Brobdignag before your thought. 
 
 Pofe. 
 
 miracle mirrarkel 
 
 drawing 
 
 ladder 
 
 liquorice 
 
 an Euro-pean 
 
 Pythago-re-an 
 
 mak- 
 drarft 
 
 With great con-tu-macy 
 The prophet Mahomet 
 It's a great curosity 
 Bring the grediron 
 It's very mountaneous 
 He was necessiated 
 In the tobacco line 
 Its quite unpossible 
 ByrOn wrote at Aithens 
 Leastwise it may be so 
 He's a city marchant 
 A great conquest of people 
 
 con-tumacy 
 
 Mahomet 
 
 curiosity ku-re-os-sity 
 
 grid-iron 
 
 mountainous 
 
 necessitated 
 
 trade 
 
 Athens Ath-ens 
 
 at least 
 
 merchant mur-chent 
 
 concourse 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE* 
 
 15 
 
 We went in a shay chaise 
 
 She's gone for good not to return 
 
 A muslin gownd gown 
 
 Give it me or else I'll tell omit else 
 
 I saw rim I saw him 
 
 We took away the petition par-tition 
 
 He is a batcheldor bachelor 
 
 They dezarvcd it well deserved de-zurved 
 She is so obstropalous obstreperous 
 
 She drives a pheaton phaeton fa-e-ton 
 
 That's the whole tote of it omit tote* 
 
 That argufies nothing argues 
 
 All pale and wan (an) wan* whon 
 
 Sejanus dragg'd ! O joy ! his lips, his wan 
 Face saw y' ? Believe't I never lov'd the man. 
 
 H. J. s. 10. 
 Whose helm confess'd the lineage of the wan, 
 And bore with wings display'd a silver swan. 
 
 D.JEn,. 10, v. 270. 
 
 The chimley smokes 
 I had rayther not 
 Quite a projidy 
 Where's my ankicher 
 Tut on the kivver 
 The Implements of trade 
 
 chimney 
 rather rar-ther 
 
 prodigy 
 
 hand-ker-chief 
 
 cover kuver 
 
 implement impleement 
 
 * A valgar pleona&m from totus, all, Latin. 
 
16 
 
 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 Clean that sarsspan 
 
 That was no more norl 
 manners 
 
 How the cat miyows 
 
 Don't be sarcy 
 
 I like apple sarse 
 
 Have you seen the chaney 
 
 Give me a sarser 
 
 In the gulf of Veenis 
 
 Put an apostruf 
 
 He didn't venter there 
 
 Where is my darter? 
 
 He lives contagious to me 
 
 She's afeard 
 
 saucepan sawse-pan 
 more than 
 
 : 
 
 myuze 
 saw-cy 
 savvce 
 
 mews 
 saucy 
 sauce 
 
 china 
 saucer 
 Venice 
 apostrophe apostrofee 
 venture ventshur 
 
 daughter dawter 
 
 contiguous 
 
 afraid 
 
 saw ser 
 
 Ven-is 
 
 What thickest of Jove? think'st be may be preferred: 
 Fore some? whom? be't ev'h Staiusj art afear'd ? 
 
 Hol.A.P.F.s.2. 
 Did not that tempest strike? they're worse afraid 
 Of the next then, as but today delay'd. 
 
 Hoi. Juv. 
 Trtsc. - I afeard of him ? 
 
 Cal. A i t tb ou afeard ? 
 
 Be not afeard, the isle is full of noises. — Temp. 
 
 He wont for fraid of the law from fear 
 
 He did it like a new un without hesitation 
 
 He is too peert by half pert purt 
 
 The matters duberous dubious 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 17 
 
 Its quite dubersum 
 The house is contidjus 
 How the meat has plimmed 
 He's a musicianer 
 He received a wownd 
 Who are hyperboreans ? 
 , 1 like suetty pudding- 
 He's a physiciancr 
 How his chops water 
 
 doubtful 
 
 contiguous 
 
 plumped up 
 
 musician 
 
 wound woond 
 
 hyperboreans 
 
 suet 
 
 phy sician fesician 
 
 chaps 
 
 Their whelps at home expect the promis'd food, 
 And long to temper their dry chaps in blood. 
 
 Dry. Mn> I. 2, I. 4S3. 
 I like hallicumpam elecampane 
 
 He thorts me in every thing thwarts th-warts 
 
 What a scrowdgeing crowding 
 
 He cherrupped to the birds chirped 
 
 They inveigled me into it inveigled in-va-gled 
 Don't squeedge so squeeze 
 
 It's the portent of ill portent 
 
 Vers'd in portents, experienced and inspir'd 
 To tell events and what the fates requir'd. 
 
 JSn.b, 924. 
 The fearful priests who feign those entrails show 
 Portent of dire calamity and woe. — Luc. b. 7. 
 
 He's a famous karlekin harlequin 
 
 Born at Brummagem Birmingham 
 
IS VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 marsh-mallows 
 I have 
 
 venom 
 
 legate 
 masculine 
 
 Made of mashmallows 
 
 I'm just done 
 
 She is always spitting her £ 
 vemon $ 
 
 That's a specimen t of.it 
 
 An excellent sarment 
 
 The cardinal was lee-gat 
 
 The marsculyne gender 
 
 She's gone to sarvice 
 
 The meermaid tavern 
 
 I'm lorth to move 
 
 You are a reglar warment 
 
 Do hayther 
 
 At an opportune moment 
 
 Consider'*! every creature which of ail 
 Most opportune might serve his wiles. 
 
 P.L.b.9, 
 Fred. ■■ the murkiest den 
 
 The most opportune place.. — Temp. a. 3, 
 
 specimen 
 sermon 
 
 leg-at 
 
 mas-cu-lin 
 
 service sur-vis 
 
 mermaid mur-made 
 
 loath • lothe 
 
 a regular varmint 
 
 either ee-ther 
 
 opportune 
 
 .2. 
 
 Give me the t'other 
 A palaretick stroke 
 That's sturrupatriped 
 I wont bate a penny. 
 Mind ths postes- 
 A very leetel bit 
 Dyed with skotshineel 
 
 the other 
 
 para-lytic 
 
 ste-re-o-typed 
 
 abate 
 
 posts 
 
 little 
 
 cochineal kotshineei 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 19 
 
 done to a sitiation situation sittu-a-shon 
 
 I can eat any think thing 
 
 Have you been in Portingal Por-tu-gal 
 
 Now by the roode, three years and more 
 I have been admirall over the sea, 
 And never an English nor Portingall 
 Without my leave can passe this way.. 
 
 Rel. of An. Poetry. 
 She's off somewheres somewhere 
 
 We didn't mislest you - molest 
 
 Dick's no schollard scholar skoller 
 
 Quite the contrary contrary 
 
 If they thy soldiers or companions be, 
 Great Ponrpey sigh'd to see how contrary 
 
 Luc. P. May. 
 So contraries on Etna's top conspire. — Cowley. 
 Hub. I saw a smith stand with his hammer thus, 
 Thcwhilst his iron did on the anvil cool, 
 With open mouth swallowing a tailor's news, 
 Who with his shears and measure in his hand,- 
 Standing on slippers, which his nimble haste 
 Had falsely thrust upon contrary feet. 
 
 K.J.a.4,s.%. 
 Pros. A falsehood in its contiary" as great. — Tempest. 
 1st Cap. You must contrary me.— Rom. fy J.a.l,s. 2. 
 Gon. Fthe commonwealth I would by contraries execute 
 all things. 
 
20 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 I hate lemon-tations 
 Ghostes is nonsense 
 In many pynts, you're right 
 He is so blasphemious 
 Howsomdever I can say this 
 I've no call to do it 
 On no account whatsomever 
 They gave me an item of it 
 He shyed a stone at me 
 I went to Craydon Fair 
 In the margent of the page 
 Do you like sallery 
 Pickled hinguns 
 You're quite puirial 
 A pickled gohard 
 I was quite nonplushed 
 He is a properriote.r 
 She is always colloguing 
 He's quite an ottomy 
 I saw the paragraft 
 He did it effecshally 
 Thoroughly ruinated 
 It is so sollentary 
 Throw away the refuge 
 I was very tosticated 
 
 lam-entations 
 
 points poy-ntz 
 
 blasphemous blasfemus 
 
 however 
 
 occasion 
 
 whatever 
 
 a hint 
 
 threw 
 
 Croydon Croy-don 
 
 margin 
 celery sellery 
 
 onions unyuns 
 
 puer-ile 
 gourd gurd 
 
 pro-pri-etor 
 
 col-leaguing 
 
 an anatomy 
 
 paragraph paragrarf 
 
 ef-fec-tu-al-ly 
 
 ruined 
 
 sol-it-ary 
 
 refuse ref-yuse 
 
 in-tox-i-cated 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 21 
 
 Bring up the taters potatoes purtaytuz 
 
 Pray set down sit 
 
 The aspect* of the house aspect 
 
 Yon house erected on the rising ground 
 With tempting aspect drew me from the road. 
 
 Beg. Pet. 
 The verdant walks their charming aspect lose, 
 And shrivell'd fruit drops from the withe r'd boughs 
 Blackmore. 
 Tears in his eyes distraction in *s aspect.— Hand. 
 
 He's very humursom . 
 She was ticed away 
 I cant take a refushal 
 Did he indeed ? railly 
 The review is postponded' 
 The doom of the church 
 He rizz about five 
 A consort. of music - 
 Not far from Lunnun 
 I r aired it myself 
 A matter of fifty 
 He hollowed out so 
 That's not hizn, its hern 
 
 humourous 
 
 enticed 
 
 refusal refusle 
 
 real-ly 
 
 post-poned 
 
 dome doam 
 
 rose 
 
 con-cert 
 
 London Lundun 
 
 reared reerd, 
 
 about 
 
 hallooed 
 
 his, hers 
 
 * Shakespeare, Milton, Dryden, &c give the pro- 
 nunciation invariably of aspect to this word: i't is but of 
 late that it has assumed a differenj orthoepy. 
 
£2 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 She lit the candle lighted 
 
 Give him the remainer remain-der 
 
 Its ourn, yourn, theirn ours, your.*, theirs 
 
 What beautiful laylock li-lac 
 
 If so be as how you knows it if you know it 
 
 Where's the sparrowgrass as-para-gus 
 
 In pershoot of that pursuit per-soot 
 
 I was spilt twice thrown (from a horse*) 
 
 The perushal of the letter perusal perusle 
 
 She's in her widow-wood widowhood 
 
 It was a pre-sage of evil presage pressidge 
 
 Oh dire presage! But fear thou not my friend, 
 Our steps theguardians of the just attend. 
 
 S tiv age Wand. 
 Who follow'd then his father to the war, 
 A good presage the augurs all declare. 
 
 May*s Luc.br6. 
 If my afflictions bear a sad presage, 
 On me fair princess, every evil fall.— Timanthcs. 
 
 Slack not the good presage, while heav'n in spires 
 Onr mindi to dare and gives the ready fires. 
 
 B.JE. 5,883. 
 How howdacious audacious or-da-shus 
 
 He's underminded me under-mined 
 
 I sartenly think so certainly sir-ten-ly 
 
 * A g*ross vulgarism. 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 23 
 
 It sets my teeth all of a hedge on edge 
 
 He's an obelisk to all of us 
 
 obstacle 
 
 I chucked it at him 
 
 threw 
 
 She skrunched it between 
 her teeth 
 
 J- crushed 
 
 He tied my wristes 
 
 wrists 
 
 A plebean dog" 
 
 plebeian ple-be-an 
 
 That lace was smugd 
 
 smuggled 
 
 Looky, looky 
 
 look you 
 
 They druv me away 
 
 drove 
 
 A shameful plaggerist 
 
 plagiarist pladg-er-ist 
 
 A decent liveliwood 
 
 liveli-hooct 
 
 Two dozen hoyshters 
 
 oysters hoy-sters 
 
 Versed in literatoor 
 
 literature littera-tshur 
 
 He's a biackyinoor 
 
 blackmoor 
 
 The King was nyneted 
 
 anointed 
 
 It was notoarous 
 
 noto-ri-ous 
 
 Performed kwarrantyne 
 
 quarantine kwarrunteen 
 
 Jupiter, son of Saytern 
 
 Sat-urn 
 
 Put that in the skeddle 
 
 schedule sheddle 
 
 My wive's bonnet 
 
 wife's 
 
 Half a calve 1 s head 
 
 calf's 
 
 He comes from the heelands high-lands 
 
 He's a heelander 
 
 high-lander 
 
 At Cheering Cross 
 
 Charing Chair-ing- 
 
24 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 Ifeelforthejuffragesofthe> suffe rings 
 
 He's gone to the East Hinjies Indies 
 
 Tlie e-thics of Epicurus ethics eth-i'cs 
 
 We took the alltitude al-titude 
 
 Bring the hin-dennost { gSS* 
 
 I am a jyner joiner joyner 
 
 Her leg is out of jynt joint joynt 
 
 •Tine e'm together join joyn 
 
 In their old chaos, seas with skies shall join (jine) 
 And stars with seas confounded lose their shine. 
 
 May's Luc. b. 1. 
 To the young prince she vowM ne'er -more to join (jine) 
 In dull embraces with her Collatine. 
 
 Ovid's Elegy, 8.—Sedley. 
 Ennius whose muse by nature was designed 
 Complete, had art with bounteous. nature joined (j' n€( i) 
 iOvid Eleg. 15. — Cromwell. 
 
 Thus Dedalus her offspring first confin'd, 
 
 Who with a bull in. lewd, embraces join'd* (jined ) 
 
 Ov.A.ofL.— Yolden. 
 
 In am'rous folds the wanton serpents twine 
 
 And dogs with their salacious females join, (jine) Id. 
 
 Then grapes long kept, yet fresh as on the vine 
 The Signian and the Syrian pear shall join, (jine) 
 
 HolJ.s. IL 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 25 
 
 We walked two and throw 
 
 Well, sure-lie 
 
 I computed it to ignorance 
 
 They were all shag-grinned 
 
 Fm all in a swet 
 
 We saw a berrin 
 
 An eppitome of history 
 
 He is so peremtory 
 
 to and fro 
 
 surely 
 
 imputed 
 
 chagrin sher-greend 
 
 perspiration 
 
 bu-ri-al 
 
 epitome e-pit-to-mee 
 
 peremptory perrem-tory 
 
 Ant. To-morrow be in readiness to go, 
 Excuse it not for Fm peremptory. 
 
 Two G.ofVer, a. l,s.3. 
 
 plagiarism pladg-erism 
 
 sh-rimps 
 
 hogshead hogs-head 
 
 juncture junctshur 
 
 advertise 
 
 Full of playgerism 
 I am fond of srimps 
 Less than a hogzyed 
 A terrible junctur 
 Advertise* for a situation 
 
 Duke. 
 
 But I do bend my speech 
 
 To one that can my part in him advertise. 
 
 M.o/M. a. l,*.l. 
 Hots. Yet doth he give us bold advertisement. 
 
 K.H.A, «.4,s.l. 
 More nor a hundred more than 
 
 Antichamber should be written ante. This error 
 exists in many words. Anti is against or contrary 
 to, ante, before- 
 
 * This is good in Dnblin and has Shakespear to justify 
 it passim. 
 
26 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 Threadle that needle .thread 
 
 She has beautiful feeturs features feetshur 
 
 He was very lofe at first loath 
 
 Yet were theiv fears far greater; they suspect 
 The silence of the Gods, loth to detect. 
 
 31ay , s Luc. b. 6. 
 
 That's a trate of character 
 
 He does take on so 
 
 Gim me some 
 
 That's the very pynt 
 
 Not for thribble as much 
 
 Currants and reasons 
 
 An airial voyage 
 
 A grart o pound 
 
 Velveteen breaches 
 
 trait tray 
 
 weep, lament, grieve 
 
 give 
 point poynt 
 
 trebble 
 raisins rayzuns 
 
 aerial ay-e-rial 
 
 groat grort 
 
 breeches britches 
 
 "Whose primitive tradition reaches 
 As far as Adam's first green breeches. 
 
 ButHudibras gave him a twitch 
 .As quick as lightning in the breech. 
 
 And cannons shoot the higher pitches 
 The lower we let down their breeches. 
 
 Who after proved himself a witch, 
 And made a rod for his own breech. 
 
 What a miskreent 
 Gothic artshi-tecture 
 
 miscreant mis-kree-ant 
 
 V architecture 
 I arkytecture 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 
 
 27 
 
 I'm so very -moll uncolly -j 
 
 He made a comprommis { ^!!!!!I «!r!t 
 
 r I compromize 
 
 Give me a neck-handkerchief a neckerchief 
 
 The prisoner came into court wearing a red neckerchieT. 
 Thistlcwood's Trial for High Treason. 
 
 melancholy 
 mellonkufiy 
 
 XT , ... -c . , . . fa vulvar mistake for 
 
 He hit me first, your majesty { magistrat e 
 
 A man of great valyer valour valler 
 
 Mind you don't blob blab 
 
 Nature has made roan's breast no windores 
 To publish what he does within doors, 
 'Nor what dark secrets there inhabit, 
 Unless his own rash folly blab it. — Hud. 
 
 char- woman 
 
 pantomime 
 
 -pedant ped*dant 
 
 apparent apparrunt 
 
 threats threts 
 
 construe k5nstru 
 
 She's our chairwoman 
 An amusing- pantonine 
 A shocking peedant 
 It was so appearant 
 Don't mind his threets 
 Can you constrew that 
 Jul. Since maids in modesty say no to that 
 
 Which they would have the profferer constsue Ay 
 G.of V. a. l,s.2. 
 Ver. England did never owe so sweet a hope 
 So much misconstrued in his wantonness 
 
 R. H. 4, a. 5. 5. 2. 
 
28 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 I purchased the fixters 
 
 fixtures fixtshurs 
 
 He insistes upon it 
 
 insists 
 
 Do you take my plod 
 The sharps of my cart 
 Stuck with pi ay cards 
 It's the best Darby cheese 
 They fowt For an hour 
 
 plaid plad 
 
 shafts 
 placards placards 
 
 Derby 
 fought fawt 
 
 He Iveeps his charrut 
 It's English faybric 
 
 cha-ri-ot 
 fabric fab-bric 
 
 That child is quite spylt 
 I never saw sitch a thing 
 
 spoiled spoyled 
 such 
 
 That's a very hash term 
 
 harsh 
 
 He took pyzun 
 
 At a fair valleyation 
 
 She arskes so often 
 
 poison poyzun 
 
 val-u-ation 
 
 asks 
 
 You are sure to miss of him to miss him 
 
 In the inshuing spring- 
 Never belsh 
 
 ensuing 
 eructate 
 
 I am free to confess 
 I am free to admit* 
 
 I willing 
 
 Chaw your wittles masticate your victuals (littles) 
 
 Ah wretched queen ! you range the pathless wood 
 While on a flow'ry bank he chaws the cud.— Dryden 
 
 A prickling sensation 
 
 pricking 
 
 * This is a vile parliamentary jargon. 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 29 
 
 I've g"ot the roomitis 
 A man what I know 
 
 rheumatism roomatism 
 whom or that 
 
 {a vulgarism from man- 
 ger, to eat 
 venial 
 chapped 
 height hite 
 
 Behold yon mountains hoary height (hate) 
 Made higher with ne%v mounts of snow, 
 Again behold the winter's weight 
 Oppress the labouring wood below. — T>ry. Hor. 
 
 What are you mungeing 
 
 That's a venal error 
 My hands are chopped 
 it fell from a great hate 
 
 That's irrevelant 
 It stands upon trussels 
 He did it extrumpery 
 He made it extempoar 
 
 Edjucated at Oxford 
 Sell me some marvels 
 He made the attack! 
 He studies zulogy 
 In futur I will do so 
 It's all labour and tyle 
 
 irrel-evant 
 tressles tres-sels 
 
 J extempore extempory 
 
 ed-yu-ca-ted 
 marbles 
 attack 
 zo-ol-ogy 
 future fu-tshur 
 
 toil toyl 
 
 Hylas the hoy, Latona's erring- isle 
 And Pelops iv'ry shoulder, and his toil.— Geor.3d- 
 For, what thy 
 
 Dull brain thought sea and land should bring, quick guile 
 •Procures him straight.— A great crime's no great toil, (tile) 
 
 H. J. s. 14, 
 
30 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 He had no remuneration remu-neration 
 
 By the fondling hospital foundling 
 
 They rose simmultaneously si-multaneously 
 
 It's inheerent in him inherent inerrant 
 
 On WIntsun Sunday, fa. { ^jj^yf f 
 
 Put the cock in the tub put the tap 
 
 He came out with a claw eclat a-klar 
 
 I did so accordantly accordingly 
 
 It curls quite natteral natural natcheral 
 
 He was in our koips corps kore 
 
 Take the thief out of the candle waster 
 
 She's very econ6mi'c . economic 
 
 The busy swarms their cyder vats prepare, 
 And fill their vessels with the mellow juice, 
 Refreshment cooling- for a future year 
 With care economic set by for use. 
 
 Town and Country Mag. Oct. 1771, p. 549. 
 
 Give me those torsels tas-sels 
 
 I take inyst sugar moist moyst 
 
 That's a terrible weepon weapon weppon 
 
 The vast emplrian empyrean em-pir-rean 
 
 Now had th' Almighty Father from above 
 .From the pure empyrean where he sits. 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 31 
 
 He listed for a soldier 
 
 enlisted 
 
 Cassar listed great number of pilots. 
 
 Bladen's Ccssar, 6.3, cA. 
 and soon listed myself in the seiviee of a Hon. 
 
 Sped. 343. 
 
 She's very cleenly 
 As clear as krystshal 
 The ancient leegends 
 And so on, ad infinnitujn 
 Close by the reservoy 
 I did'nt ought to 
 They are my parquisites 
 He persistes in it 
 
 cleanly clenly 
 
 crystal 
 
 legends ledg-ends 
 
 infinitum infin-ny-tuni 
 
 reservoir rezzerv-war 
 
 I ought not 
 
 per-quisites 
 
 persists 
 
 They have lost their franchize franchise franchis 
 
 I saw the advertlzement advertisement adver- 
 
 ts 1 vther this nor that 
 Nayther of them 
 
 That's a precedent 
 
 What a contrarst 
 
 tizment 
 \ neither neether 
 
 precedent pres-se-dent 
 contrast contrast 
 
 He's always in controversy- 
 Give me my ankicher \ 
 
 Where's the portmantle < 
 My ncvvv went to him 
 
 controversy 
 contro-versy 
 handkerchief 
 hand-ker-chief 
 portmanteau 
 port-man-to 
 nephew nev-yu 
 
32 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 Do you wear ftannea flannel 
 
 Enquire at the ordinance office ord-nance 
 
 T . -. „ " _' M ,i-» f ridicule, caricature, 
 That s a newspaper skit | burlesque 
 
 I didn't go so fur far 
 
 Jiranastic exercises gymnastic ghim-nas-tics. 
 
 That is not the pronounciation pro-nun-ciation 
 
 An inco m pah.able adjective { ^paSe 
 
 He put (as but) it down put (as foot) 
 
 So many hands would to Abydos put 
 Sestos: fill up the Hellespont: and cut. 
 
 M.L.bS>. 
 
 I want no interference interference inter-fear-ance 
 The revenue is sufficient revenue revenue 
 
 Pros. Not only with what ray revenue yielded.— Tew//. 
 A teenet of the church tenet ten-et 
 
 He is extol ed by all extolled ex-tol-d 
 
 A very deep tragedy pathetic 
 
 You are too voilent violent vi-o-lent 
 
 They are a beasteal set bestial best-i-al 
 
 The money was all in goold gold (as hold) go-Id 
 He's gone on a tower tour toor 
 
 Play the preelude preUude 
 
 There was a consperracy conspiracy conspir-racy 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 33 
 
 I took some jollup 
 What's the wedth of it 
 
 He was disappynted i 
 
 They went to drownd themselves 
 
 I hunched the hen away 
 
 Take a heg 
 
 What a heighth he throws height 
 
 In hig-hth or depth, still first and last will reign. 
 P. h' passim 
 From what highth falTn. 
 
 jalap jallup 
 
 width 
 
 disappointed 
 disappoynted 
 
 drown 
 
 drove 
 
 an egg 
 
 hite 
 
 Can yon julk 
 
 I kalkilated myself 
 
 Take and do it Sir 
 
 I'm going to the haistings. 
 
 They had a caroushal 
 
 Kemble made his debut 
 
 I am uncapable of it 
 
 He's a bumbaly 
 
 But they are kazjhulties 
 
 That circumstarnce is untrue 
 
 The expedition of pictures 
 
 It was a fair transaction 
 
 I read it in the kurrier 
 
 The word ceiling should be 
 
 jerk 
 calculated 
 do it (take is redundant) 
 hustings 
 carousal ca-row-sal 
 deboo 
 incapable 
 bailiff 
 ca-su-al-ties 
 circumstance 
 exhibition 
 tr-ans-action 
 courier coo-re-er 
 cieling 
 
34 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 Can you skete 
 
 Lend me -your pin-cushin 
 
 That's enthusiism 
 
 He hot him over the head 
 
 skate 
 pincushion pin-kdo&h-in 
 enthusiasm 
 hit 
 
 He allowed a maintalnance 
 Lend me that surringe 
 A great ilteonveniency 
 Take boerth of them 
 
 Aunt deviates from all 
 similar spellings 
 
 Take a pat-ent from him 
 I saw all the perzession 
 The}' peeched against him 
 At the crownation 
 Throughout the rellum 
 You take advarntage of it 
 He has sarved his time 
 Give me the kitchup 
 
 And for our home-bred British cheer 
 Botargc, catsup and caveer. — Swift's Mis. 
 
 I received a woll'untine valentine val-un-tine 
 
 He's a well eddikated man ed-u-cated 
 
 That's a fine helium elm 
 
 It's quite unbeknown to me unknown 
 
 We embarked at Portchmouth Ports-mouth 
 
 mam-te-nance 
 
 syringe syr-ringe 
 
 inconyeniency 
 
 both 
 
 arnt 
 
 pat-tern 
 
 pro-cession 
 
 impeached him 
 
 cor-o-nation 
 
 realm relm 
 
 ad-van-tage 
 served surved. 
 
 ketchup, olim catsup 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 35 
 
 He keeps six klurks clerks klarks 
 
 It was scarcely perceivable perceptible 
 
 It cuts the fleem phlegm flein 
 
 His throat half stopt with gross corrupted fleam 
 Leasurely breathing a sulphureous steam. 
 
 Hol.A.P.F.s.3. 
 A fine gauze lettuce Cos 
 
 He put up his orysons orisons or-re-sons 
 
 Fill- all thy bones with aitches aches akes 
 
 If thou neglect'st or dost unwillingly 
 What I command, 111 rack thee with old cramps, 
 Fill all thy bones with Sches : make thee roar 
 That beasts shall tremble at thy din. — Temp, a.l, s. 2. 
 
 ' Kind heav'n let heavy curses 
 
 Gall his old age, cramps, aches, rack his bones. 
 
 Oltw. Veil. P. 
 The shriecbes, waitings and all cries were heard 
 Of every fatal and affrighting bird. — Afay\s Luc. 6.7. 
 Can by their pangs and aches find 
 AH turns and changes, of the wicd. 
 
 Ache-boue, spinach. 
 
 As no man of his own self catches 
 
 The itch or amorous French aches. 
 
 €l. The weariest and most loathed worldly life. 
 
 That age, ache(ake) penury and imprisonment.* 
 M.ofM.a.3,s.\. 
 
 * The paranomasia that would exist between age 
 and ache if the latter were read aitcb, renders its 
 ancient pronunciation ake indisputable. 
 o 
 
36 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 Hi-then that ladder heighten hyten 
 
 Thafs a junkie and this is 1 jon-quil 
 
 a chayney highster J china aster 
 
 The current kine of the realm coin koyn 
 
 Know then thy patrons arts to save his coin (kyne) 
 Leaving the Muses' and Apollo's shrine.— Hol.Juv.s.1' 
 
 Whose verse bears not one trivial stamp like coin, 
 One whom I cannot shew, but do design. — Idem. 
 
 I've a most done almost 
 
 He was made the sacrifice sacrifice sack-re-fize* 
 
 I, to the temple will conduct the crew, 
 
 The Sacrifice and sacrrficers view-f— Geor. 3. 
 
 Shake off dull sloth and early rise 
 To pay thy morning sacrifice. 
 
 From others and our Latin youth suffice 
 
 They did th'infernal gods: a sacrifice. — H.J.s.Z. 
 
 Of Polyphemus for all which the wise 
 UJysses scap'd— But one does not suffice. 
 
 H. J. s.9. 
 My birth-day I far less Corvinus prize 
 Than this : wherein my promised sacrifice. 
 
 H. J. s. 12. 
 
 * Plural sack-re-fizes. 
 
 f Iu this instance to sound c as s would subject us to the 
 
 suspicion of playing the fool : the psellismus Would 
 
 be ridiculous. 
 
t>F THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 37 
 
 He was a heating his dinner eating- 
 
 He's in a different spere sphere sfere 
 
 How mischievious yon are mischievous ralschievus 
 
 Gods! wou'd you be ador'd for doing' good, 
 Or only fear'd for proving tmschievoiis ? 
 
 Roch* Valent* 
 
 The ornaments of the cornish cornice komis 
 
 I was attackted by two attacked 
 
 Give us a chaw jack quid 
 
 He lives at Tatnam Cross Tottenham 
 
 Abominable hinnyquitty iniquity 
 
 Did they porlt him ? pelt 
 
 He*s so prevefse perverse 
 
 Tales of the G eni genii ge-ne-i 
 
 The padroll came up patr5le pertrole 
 
 The gyarden is covered with dyu from the skyie,* 
 Get some reddishes rad-ishes 
 
 He is very phlegmatic flem-attic 
 
 Covered with salliver saliva sa-ly-ver 
 
 The farriner of the flower cup farina fa-ry-ner 
 Bring the hile oil oyl 
 
 It is so incontrovertibly incon-tr5v-ertibly 
 
 Roman cemment ee-ment 
 
 Have you a shittlecock? shuttlecock 
 
 * These are vulgarisms of the stage. 
 
38 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 It's very exstrawnary extra-ordinary 
 
 As sour as warjus verjuice vir-juse 
 
 You dear little darlin darling 
 
 It's a capital stomatic stomachic sto-mak-ik 
 
 There is a mense difference an immense 
 
 I did it from koartesy courtesy kurt-ercy 
 
 There's a black beedle beetle 
 
 Take away the pealings parings 
 
 The hinjens came en-gines 
 
 And were invented first from en-gines, 
 As Indian Britains were from pen-guius— HwL 
 It's made of peth pith 
 
 He's a paytriot pat-riot 
 
 I had a pain in the habdomal abdomen 
 
 She put it in her buzzum bosom boos-um* 
 
 Bring me a small highunf iron i-run 
 
 On glowing ir'n and smoak sent from his trade 
 From coal, tongs, anvil, upon which are made 
 
 HolhJuv. 
 That after burns with cold as much 
 As ir'n in Greenland does the touch— -Hud. 
 Ah me what perils do environ 
 The man that meddles with cold iron.— i&itf. 
 
 * It is not possible to convey graphically the sound 
 of this word: it is neither bo-znm, nor boo-zum. The 
 sound of the o in woman in the best approximation. 
 
 f It would appear by the couplets here given that 
 this vulgarism is of long- standing. 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 39 
 
 He's a sayterest 
 I hates the papishes 
 It turns on a pevot 
 The C5nsistory court 
 It's upon record 
 
 satirist sat-ir-ist 
 
 papists 
 
 piv-ot 
 
 Con-sls-tory 
 
 record rek-urd 
 
 Thankless false wretch ? I'st nothing that th'art now 
 Upon record a man. — Uoll.Juv. 
 
 Her matchless sons whose valour still remains 
 On French records for twenty long campaigns. 
 
 Swift's Mis. 
 But Faunus came from Picus, from Picus drew 
 His birth from Saturn, if records fee true. 
 
 Dry. Mn. b. 7, v. 74. 
 
 Hippolitus, as old records have said, 
 
 Was by his stepdam sought to share her bed 
 
 D.jE. b. 7, v. 1049. 
 
 Ang. Mine were the very cipher of a function 
 
 To fine the faults, whose fine stands in record, 
 And let go by the actor, — M. of M. a. 2,s. 2. 
 
 What's that stomping about? 
 Are the warnuts good ? 
 He came unaware upon me 
 The liquor must be fomented 
 He's in the millintary 
 A tippogfaphical error 
 He's a misantrofist 
 
 stamping 
 
 wallnuts 
 
 un-a-wares 
 
 fermented 
 
 mil-i-tary 
 
 ty-po-graph-i-cal 
 
 mis-an-thro-pist 
 
40 VULGARISMS AN IM PRO PHI BTIES 
 
 A beautiful peranum 
 A desultory conversation 
 He frequents the park 
 But you have not hcerd me 
 
 gm-m-uHi 
 
 des-tiltdry 
 
 frequents 
 
 heard hurd 
 
 In temples too majestic more appear'd, 
 
 And Rome a voice almost at midnight heard. 
 
 Hoi. Juv.sA. 
 
 Very fine beastes indeed 
 He's too sensible by far 
 That's no think to you 
 I met with a haxident 
 Give him a nint of it 
 An irrepairable loss 
 The pot-entates of Europe 
 It was the tother man 
 At the pottekerry's shop 
 The spessific gravity 
 Officers wear applits 
 At the demyse of his son 
 He analyzed a fortune there 
 An excellent hortchester 
 He's in the new Pollis 
 The Lord Leftenant 
 You make me a reddicule 
 He's a Porterghee 
 
 beasts 
 sensitive 
 nothing 
 an accident 
 
 a hint 
 ir-rep-arable 
 po-ten-tates 
 
 the other 
 
 Apoth-e-caries 
 
 specific spe-siffic 
 
 epaulettes ep-er-lets 
 
 demise de-meez 
 
 realized 
 
 orchestra or-kes-ter 
 
 Police poleece 
 
 lieutenant lyu-ten-ant 
 
 ridicule 
 
 Por-tu-guese 
 
momentous, 
 ma-men-tus 
 
 OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 41 
 
 What an hegoatist egotist eg-o-tist 
 
 The state of the f i-nances fi-nan-ces 
 
 It is a moraentshous question*/ 
 
 He's my coadjutor coad-ju-tor 
 
 The marriteem power maritime marrytim 
 Your conjunction was right conjecture conjec-tshur 
 
 Oriential literature o-ri-en-tal 
 
 Were you at Room ? Rome R-home 
 The committ-he settled it committee commltty 
 
 I respect the clargey clergy klurjey 
 
 That's a fine tarrier terrier terry-yer 
 A bran new hat bran, a common vulgarism 
 
 Its a very onfit thing un-fit 
 
 What a romarnce romance romanse 
 
 Thenky sir thank you 
 
 He took out a paytent patent pat-ent 
 
 I have not leezure leisure lez-yur 
 
 She busted her stays burst 
 
 A pound of sassages sausages sawsages 
 
 With a white hog's pure sasages still crave 
 in sound body, a sound mind so brave. 
 
 Holy day's Juv. 
 
 — yet thy large dish 
 
 And full fat sasage make the gods delay. 
 
 Hoi. A. P. F, 
 
42 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 He made his apothe-o-sis apotheosis ap-per-the-osis 
 
 What gibberidge ! 
 
 gib-ber-ish 
 
 I'm all in a presperation 
 
 per-spiration 
 
 That's only your hipsy dixy 
 
 ipse dixit 
 
 Taste these pruherns 
 
 prunes proons 
 
 He perposes to do so 
 
 purposes 
 
 One might as lief be hanged 
 
 as well 
 
 Goggle your throat 
 
 gargle 
 
 He sets for the mayor 
 
 sits 
 
 I saw them gullonteened 
 
 guillotined ghllloteend 
 
 As tender as a chick 
 
 chicken 
 
 The King's anniversary 
 
 anni-ver-sary 
 
 Put on the trivvit 
 
 trev-et 
 
 Fill the kittle 
 
 ket-tle 
 
 A sulferrous smell 
 
 sulphureous sutfurious 
 
 Gether that wristband 
 
 gath-er 
 
 I'd just as soon pay 
 
 as willingly 
 
 Just upon the instrip 
 
 instep 
 
 What a pretty babby 
 
 baby 
 
 I want the pinchers 
 
 pincers 
 
 It's made of pinchback 
 
 pinch-beck 
 
 The cap is nicely pleeted 
 
 plaited 
 
 Plat that string 
 
 plait 
 
 The malecontents are defeated mal-contents 
 
 Your premyzes are false 
 
 premises prem-misses 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 43 
 
 It is of the last imporetance impor-tance 
 
 A monarchial government monarchical 
 
 Take it haulternately al-ternately 
 
 He refuted his opponent 6p-p5-nent 
 
 He obtained a mandamus man-da-raus* 
 
 She's a despicable woman despicable 
 They are just gelherd gathered' 
 
 Environned by enemies cn-vT-ronned 
 
 Into the wild expanse and through the shock 
 Of fighting elements, on all sides round- 
 Environ'd wins his way. — P. L.b. 2. 
 TV affrighted forum with arm'd men beset, 
 Drawn swords environing the judgment seat. 
 
 May*sLucan. 
 Ah me what perils do environ 
 The man that meddles with cold iron. — H» 
 But darkness and the gloomy shade of death 
 Environ you. — K. H. 6, a. 5, s. 4. 
 It was a complete fayler failure fale-yur 
 
 He lept right in leaped leept 
 
 They did it so, like— they turned it round, like.* 
 Well, you know, I says nothing— so, you know.f 
 His circumstarnces are bad circum-stan-ces 
 
 She is not rich by no means She is by no means rich 
 
 * A silly and vulgar manner of speaking 
 
 f This repetition of you know and says I, is miserably 
 
44 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 At his grand climakterrik climacteric klf-mer-terrik 
 Bring some water creases cresses kresses 
 
 The subhaultern officers subaltern, subbletun 
 
 Abr. Be it thy care to haste Humphryminos 
 
 And Cliristophorides to this night's council, 
 While each, subaltern chief prepares the men. 
 
 The Taylors, a. f, s.-U 
 
 She spoke in a cojitemtible way con-temp-tu-ous , 
 They are grannydeers grenadiers, grennerdeers 
 It's a grea.t phenomena phenomenon 
 
 Agenst the wall against a-gaynst 
 
 They fixed their baggurnets bayonets bay-yur-nets 
 
 Give me the ropper 
 An appalling catusfrQaf , 
 It is indisputable 
 It was done in privvicy 
 He called of me yesterday . 
 I saw the combat 
 The fault of goverment 
 Mind as you don't 
 I dislike highrunny 
 A tremendjus blow 
 Most flag-rant conduct 
 A handsome shondileer 
 It's not obligatory 
 That's very presumtchus 
 
 wrapper rapper 
 
 catastrophe katastrofee 
 
 indisputable 
 
 prl-va-cy 
 
 upon me 
 
 c5mbat 
 
 govern-ment 
 
 omit as 
 
 irony Trrunny 
 
 tremendous tremendus 
 
 fla-grant 
 
 chandelier shandileer 
 
 obligatory 
 
 pre-sump--tu-ous 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 45 
 
 Theantipoads of the world antipodes an-tip-po-dees 
 That is not ap-plic-able appli-cable 
 
 Subjected to wrong- subjected 
 
 Orl. I rather will subject me to the malice. 
 
 As you like it, a.2,s.3. 
 Pros. Subject his coronet to his crown. — Temp. a. 1 ,s.2. 
 All powerful love, what changes canst thou cause 
 In human hearts, subjected to thy laws. 
 
 Dry.JEn.b.A, v. 596. 
 Subjected joyntly to three lords how ill 
 Prove shared rules accords, and fatal still. 
 
 May's LucaVj b. 1 . 
 I don't like his insults insults* 
 
 It' s quite arbitary arbi-tra-ry 
 
 He halenated her affections a-le-.un-ated 
 
 A clandestine match clandestine klan-des-tin 
 
 An exemplary man exemplary 
 
 They are fanatics fan-a-ti'es 
 
 With monstrous shapes and sorceries 'abusM 
 Fanatic Egypt and her priests.— P. L.6.1,?.4S0.r 
 
 Yet hypocrite fanatics cry 
 
 I'm but an idol raised on high. — Swift. 
 
 Ensnared by this wily trick 
 
 We fairly caught the fanatic. 
 
 If you do do it if you do it 
 
 Don't tittle me so tickle 
 
 What a bominable story . an abominable . 
 
46 
 
 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 The hawk huvvured over hovered hovvurd 
 
 The act was compulsory compulsory 
 
 The twelve apossles apostles apos-tels 
 
 There's a shizzum between us schism siz-zum 
 
 I went to the horritories 
 The King's perrogertive 
 He's a lunatic 
 She thev a petticoat 
 
 Horrible matchinations 
 
 oratorios orrer-toer-e-ose 
 prerogative 
 lunatic 
 thieved, but stole is better 
 
 {machinations 
 mackinnashons 
 
 A fine numparell 
 The common shore 
 Give me leaf 
 By gradatory steps 
 He cut his wine pipe 
 Columbus was a Genoee 
 He is my pardoner 
 An issolated situation 
 The constellation Oar-eon 
 
 nonpareil non-par-el 
 
 sewer suer 
 
 leave 
 
 grad-atory 
 
 windpipe 
 
 Genoese 
 
 part-ner 
 
 i-so-lated eye-solated 
 
 Orion O-rl-on 
 
 • why does the side 
 
 Of sword bearing Orion shine too bright? 
 
 May's Lucan t 1.1. 
 Not thicker billows beat tbeLybian main 
 When pale Orion sets in wintry rain. 
 
 D.JE. b. 7, r- 995. 
 
 He hev the stick at me threw 
 
 It's all in rags and totters tatters 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 47 
 
 She is very kolleric choleric kolleric 
 
 That is ginerally done gen-erally 
 
 What howdacity audacity or-dassity 
 
 Five chawdron of coals chaldrons charldrons 
 
 They are detarmined upon it determined 
 
 He's an impotent old fellow impotent 
 
 He's quite frenertk fre-net-ic 
 
 The avenue to the house avenue 
 
 Guns always rekile recoil recoyl 
 
 The soldier's rayshnns rations rashuns 
 
 Rashioshination is reason ratiocination ras-e-os- 
 
 e-na-shion 
 That weighs 14 stun stone 
 
 In the zeeneth zenith zen-ith 
 
 ■ And with the setting- sun 
 Dropt from the zenith like a falling- star. 
 
 P. L.b. l,/.74o. 
 
 I shued him for the debt sued . sood 
 
 The negoshiashion succeeded [ negociation 
 
 fe ( negocea-shon 
 
 He came from Newfoundland Newfoundland 
 
 Dont lighter about loiter loytet 
 
 She is very ornary ordinary 
 
 I threw it out at window out of the window 
 
 She detterated my character deteriorated 
 
 By that means the velocity > accelerated 
 
 was exbilerated $ 
 
48 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 My fingers are nummd benumbed 
 
 As lissom as ever lightsome or lithesome 
 
 He served me with pros-sess process pro-ses 
 
 By policy and long- process of time 
 
 In emulation opposite to heaven 
 
 P.h. b. 2, /.297. 
 The ghist of the matter is this gist jist 
 
 He was inexorable inex-orable 
 
 Read that track tract 
 
 •Every linniment of his face lineament liw-ne-ar-ment 
 His phis-ognomy is bad phisiognomy phisi-on-omy 
 Very penurious to the health injurious 
 
 She has no animosity about her animation 
 
 
 Many will repent his death 
 It's quite an enigmy 
 He tis.ilicated his arm 
 They chucked stones at him 
 He put a coddikle 
 His executors will pay 
 That's clear plrracy 
 You are too precipitant 
 He learned me that 
 That's misfortunate 
 Lend me your razure 
 With malice propense 
 Accused of si-mo-ny 
 
 regret 
 
 enigma e-nig-mer 
 
 dislocated 
 
 threw 
 
 cod'ici'l coddisel 
 
 executors 
 piracy pye-rer-cy 
 
 precipitate 
 
 taught 
 
 unfortunate 
 
 razor ray-zer 
 
 prepense 
 
 si-m-ony 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 49 
 
 I were just saying so 
 Very disadvarntageous 
 7'hafs always his toepic 
 From Folmouth to Bath 
 He engros-ses all the talk 
 I came in contract with 
 A hryled mackerel 
 I'm ashamed on you 
 I sent her to the salt mashes 
 She never larnt that 
 It was quite trarnsient 
 He a-lee-ne-ated her heart 
 A civil orange 
 
 Beat. The Count is neither sad, nor sick, nor merry, 
 nor well j but civil Count, civil as an orange. 
 M.A.a.N.a.2,8.1. 
 
 I was 
 
 disadvantageous 
 
 topic top-ic 
 
 Falmouth 
 
 en-groce-es 
 
 contact 
 
 broiled broyled 
 
 of you 
 
 marshes 
 
 learned 
 
 tran-sient 
 
 alien-ated 
 
 Seville 
 
 She's as deep as Garrick 
 
 He was ondressed 
 
 By a leaf 
 
 Without my leaf 
 
 During his mayoraltry 
 
 The pennal laws 
 
 iHe gave him a hiding 
 
 They summonsed me 
 
 He was pillard 
 
 The very refuge of society 
 
 An unmeaning vulgarism 
 
 undressed 
 
 by your leave 
 
 leave 
 
 mayoral-ty 
 
 penal pee-nal 
 
 beating ' 
 
 summoned 
 
 pilloried pillo-rid 
 
 refuse ref-yuse 
 
50 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 She gets paroatchal relief 
 Arline plumbs 
 We had such a pedigree 
 Put the led on the pot 
 
 parochial paro-keal 
 Orlean 
 a prolix detail 
 lid 
 
 Evn, in poetry must be read e'en, and not even 
 It takes away the tedeum 
 I never went furder 
 So much fending and proving 
 Quite permiskusly 
 He only wants it temporal 
 This house is to let 
 I'm in such a treemor 
 It's against the lidge 
 Upon a leer stomach 
 There was such a fraykus fracas 
 He is so precautious 
 They danced a minuet 
 The pieces are sawdered 
 It's summut short 
 I shall see you ere long ere* air 
 
 J can neither set nor lay sit nor lie 
 
 In High Park Hyde 
 
 Give me a hyst up hoist hoyst 
 
 You are very hawkerd awkward hawkwud 
 
 That was not the casion of it occasion 
 
 * E'er for ever is pronounced air. 
 
 tedium 
 
 further 
 
 recrimination 
 
 promiscuously 
 
 for a time 
 
 to be let 
 
 trem-or 
 
 ledge 
 
 empty 
 
 frerkar 
 
 cautious 
 
 minuet 
 
 soldered 
 
 somewhat 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 5L 
 
 rind 
 
 The rebels were tainted 
 
 He is a surgentat law 
 
 They threshed the corn 
 
 That's a brick-kill 
 
 As black as a negur 
 
 She is so rascible 
 
 Who is the crowner 
 
 They purshued them 
 
 I have taken physic 
 
 Made of hog's brussels 
 
 He bemeans himself much 
 
 Throw away the rine 
 
 On board the boar city oar 
 
 Titty-one is not far from Algiers 
 
 His Ship is the Billy RufFun 
 
 You are too cute for me 
 
 He larnt me that 
 
 They were betrothed (like moth) betrothed betroathed 
 
 Will this road fetch me to ) . t 
 
 the Borough $ taKe 
 
 Upon haulternate days alternate al-tur-nit 
 
 They nearly rod over me rode 
 
 She conkered in my opinion concurred kon-kurd 
 
 That's in jommitry ge-oin-etry 
 
 Up two pair of stairs in the second floor 
 
 The Queen is the King's concert consort 
 
 attainted 
 
 serjieant sarjent 
 
 thrashed 
 
 kiln 
 
 negro 
 
 irascible 
 
 coroner 
 
 pursued persood 
 
 medicine medsun 
 
 bristles brissels 
 
 degrades 
 
 rynd 
 bon citoyen 
 
 Tetuan 
 
 Belbrophon 
 
 acute 
 
 taught 
 
52 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 He received cannon ization 
 His hopes were railised 
 A bit of a scrummage 
 Go and git it 
 
 cannonization 
 
 real-ised 
 
 skirmish 
 
 get 
 
 That's a mausoleum 
 
 Full to the bottom 
 
 The letters are flummigated 
 
 For fraid of the plague 
 
 Look upard 
 
 He was the plantiff 
 
 It's now in a likkid state 
 
 I have no noledge 
 
 He Tmp5rtuned 
 
 mausoleum maw-so-le-um 
 from 
 fumigated 
 from a fear 
 upward 
 plain-tiff 
 liquid lik-wid 
 
 knowledge nol-lidg 
 importuned Tmpor-tuned 
 
 And importun'd by Ceres to remove, 
 Prefers the fields below to those above. 
 
 Z>.GU,57» 
 Merch. You know since Pentecost the sum is due, 
 And since I have not much importun'd you. 
 
 C. of F. a. 4, s. 1. 
 Duke. ■ "We shall write to you 
 
 As time and our concernings shall importune. 
 
 M.ofM.a.^s.h 
 Seb, You were kneel'd to and importun'd otherwise. 
 
 Temp. a. 2,s. 1. 
 
 I'll rekonnytur first 
 She barns a living 
 
 { 
 
 reconnoitre 
 rer-kon-uatrer 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 53 
 
 What a fine he-ko echo ek-ko 
 
 Hollor out loud halloo hal-lew 
 
 They put in a distrain distraint 
 
 They were cotemperry writers cotempo-ra*ry 
 It's a fine corjal cordial kor-di-al 
 
 Be more consillytory con-cil-i-a-tory 
 
 The redgimental strength regimental ridg-men-tal 
 That's fine brokkilo brocoli brok-kolee 
 
 Beautifully embrydered embroidered embroy-durd 
 She braded me for it up-braided 
 
 Tve got a pain in my bouls bowels bou-ills 
 
 The arm was hampertated am-pu-ta-ted 
 
 I g ive you my sakred word sacred say-kred 
 
 He took the sakrament sacrament saykrament 
 
 All this ly velong day liv-long 
 
 You are too blusterous boisterous or blustering 
 
 Do it immedatly immediately immeej-ately 
 
 ^Yee from ghe-yile guile ghile 
 
 Polly-gamy exists in Turkey polygamy polig-amy 
 That's a very pyne-ant remark poignant poin-yant 
 Put a spile in the barrel spill 
 
 He's starnch enough stanch, staunch stawnch 
 
 Animals feel as much as christians as men 
 None of your rallery rail-lery 
 
 That's the statty law statute statyute 
 
5± VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 Mrs; Siddons was very deep pathetic, impressive 
 A great stigmy upon him stigma stigmer 
 
 She's so fond of vittripation vituperation 
 
 He has got a fistulow on his finger whit-low 
 Take that slug from the fire slag 
 
 Among the hanshents ancients ayn-shents 
 
 An ounce of ekkyfortis aqua fortis 
 
 Those are fine apricocks apriGOts 
 
 The apricocks coming from Epire were called Mala 
 Epirotica. — Sir W. Temple's Misc. p. 2. 
 
 Examine the artchives 
 
 archives ar-kivs 
 
 Here is yourn 
 
 yours 
 
 That's a fine polony 
 
 Bologna 
 
 She pised it in her hand 
 
 poised joysed 
 
 In starling money 
 
 sterling stur-Iing 
 
 I want a tempory loan 
 
 tem-po-ra-ry 
 
 Will you obleege me 
 
 oblige o-bly-ge 
 
 He vampt up that himself 
 
 made 
 
 Don't worret me 
 
 worry 
 
 The banisters are broken 
 
 balusters 
 
 So he rekd his vengeance on me wreaked reekd 
 
 At all events* in all events 
 
 Ske's a hoor whore ore 
 
 * We sa}- at all hazards, at all risk?, but in all events, 
 ia ali cases, in all circumstances. 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 55 
 
 The Brigand chief brigand 
 
 ^Ye went in a post shay post chaise 
 
 Pray, sir, where' s the wissery viscera vis -ser-rcr 
 
 You are too wishus vicious vishus 
 
 He's a viscount viscount viscount 
 
 It must be paid in speecy specie spee-she 
 
 Upon the wensket wainscot wens-cut 
 
 In the Archipelago Arke-peMgj 
 
 The atarn of the ship • stern sfurn 
 
 I am a supernumery super-numerary 
 
 The pain's a good deal leevated alleviated 
 
 They mast be mellerated { ^t^at'd 
 What a fust you make fuss 
 
 He's of great statue stature statshur • 
 
 The Philippics of Demosthenes Philippics 
 
 — Fd write lines as ill. 
 
 Rather than thee, divine Philippic, bo'd. 
 
 Roll y day' sJav. 
 That's a kimmera chimera ky-in>rar- 
 
 Herculean strength Her-cu-le-an 
 
 With thrse he long sustain'd th* Hercultaa ana 
 And these I wielded when my blood was warm. 
 
 Dri'.2En.b.?> y r.bb3, 
 His last weak heads; let that Herculean nrght 
 Thatlopt the first and strongest off in fijrht. 
 
 Luc.6 t p, 95 
 
56 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 Rense that glass 
 A man of proess 
 Their ornary nutritur 
 They are a tumultus set 
 He's a perfect vagabon 
 You are a sad gal 
 
 rinse 
 
 prow-ess (as how) 
 
 ordinary nutriture 
 
 tumultuous 
 
 vagabond 
 
 girl gurl 
 
 Plighted his troth (as moth) troth 
 
 troath 
 
 It's true the knave has takeiTs oath 
 That I robb'd him — well done in troth. 
 
 Mount Cavalry 
 They were soadyers 
 Let's have a shy 
 He was in joppordy 
 Upon the reteena 
 Feed them with grunsel 
 He spew'd all about 
 Die sun try broke out 
 She's quite a skillington 
 The pro of the vessel 
 
 Calvary 
 soldiers solejers 
 
 throw 
 
 jeopardy jeppurdy 
 
 ret-in-a 
 
 groundsel 
 
 was ill 
 
 dysentery dis-sun-try 
 
 skel-e-ton 
 
 prow (how) 
 
 Moving- they fight: with oars and forky prows 
 The froth is gather'd, and the water glows. 
 
 Dry. JEn. 6.8, v. 918. 
 
 Exact in time with equal strokes they row, 
 At once the brushing oars and brazen prow 
 Dash up the sandy waves and ope the depths below. 
 Dry.jEn, ft. 5, v. 187. 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 
 
 57 
 
 I ought to, sartainly 
 
 Put down five and orfc 
 
 The bells pelled famously 
 
 I took some lectry 
 
 I hate chickennery 
 
 The bite was kotterised 
 
 The criminal trlb-unal 
 
 You are very unpolite 
 
 You must bile it; 
 
 Unparellelled 
 
 Unseperated 
 
 Mackarel; 
 
 She baide me do it bade 
 
 What luxury, with vain ajnbition had 
 Sought through the world, and not as hunger bad. 
 
 Luc. b. 10. 
 
 Is am so hennivated en-er-va-ted 
 
 She rediculed him rid-i-culed 
 
 I'll tell you for why omit for 
 
 I come straightways! H for. why ? what should I do? 
 
 Shan't I go to my love when she doth woe? 
 
 Hoi. A. P. F. 
 
 are thus generally 
 improperly spelt. 
 
 I ought, certainly 
 
 five and nought 
 
 pealed 
 
 e-lec-tu-ary 
 
 chicanery chik-kay-nery 
 
 cauterized kor-ter-ized 
 
 tribunal try-bu-nal 
 
 impolite 
 
 boil 
 
 unparalleled 
 unseparated 
 mackerel 
 
 bad ; 
 
 He has no rimminissense 
 I did it haphazard 
 Hullo, there 
 What's the lenth of it 
 It's the hakmer of folly 
 
 rem-i-nis-cence 
 
 a gross vulgarism 
 
 halloo 
 
 length leng-th 
 
 ac-me 
 
58 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 She helt it so tight held 
 
 He rowld it along the road rolled roaled 
 
 Mows off his head, the trunk a moment stood, 
 Then sunk and rowld* along the sand in blood. 
 
 Dry.jEn.b, 10 
 The horse was all of a larder. lather 
 
 How it burns and fobs throbs 
 
 A score on us went of us 
 
 I'm not afeard of you afraid 
 
 She is so tinimersum timorous tlm-mdr-us 
 
 The enemy was anniliated an-ni-hilated 
 
 The wine and et cseteras wine et csetera 
 
 They mutineered mutinied 
 
 I have had a country exertion excursion 
 
 It's a tippical error typical ty-pe-cal 
 
 She's a molloter mulatto 
 
 The beography of Newton bl-og-raphy 
 
 Her dress is so conspikkus con-spic-u-ous 
 
 The dinnisty of the Bourbons dynasty dy-nas-ty 
 It's in the gran-ery granary grain-ary 
 
 They are without any recourse resource 
 
 The sinnud of the Jews synod sT-nud 
 
 Well have ye judg'd, well ended long debate, 
 Synod of fools, and like to what ye are 
 
 P. L, 
 
 * Rowl passim 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 59 
 
 I can't koop with you 
 My misses told me so 
 Satan is the adversary 
 It was done bonerfider 
 The allies resisted that 
 It is, for what he knows 
 Such a mlssel-any 
 A vast cirkilation 
 He's ammi'nable to law 
 I can dissolve that question 
 She keeps a larndry 
 Half arter four 
 The ile* of the church 
 Look at the cows tits 
 Where's the mannijery 
 Go forrard, go afore 
 A legible opportunity 
 It's a constant tile 
 
 cope 
 
 mistress 
 
 adver-sary 
 
 bona fide fidce 
 
 allies 
 
 aught 
 
 misceilany mis-sel-any 
 
 circulation 
 
 a-me-na-Ve 
 
 resolve 
 
 laundry lorn-dry 
 
 half after 
 aisle ab 
 
 teats 
 
 menagerie inenazhjery 
 
 forward, before 
 
 an eligible 
 
 toil toy! 
 
 While crowing cocks the lab'rers sloth revile 
 And summon. wretches to their daily toil. 
 
 Ovid's 6 Elff/o 
 A capital sullibub syllabub 
 
 He licked him well beat 
 
 That's a fine ship sheep 
 
 It's nowheres else in no other place 
 
 * ?lk is a gross error, it is aisle^ the French word for 
 -wing, and should be pronounced ale. 
 
60 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 He is highly inde-kore-ous indecorous indek-korus 
 
 A cust young dog cursed 
 
 The payjuntry of the court pageantry pad-jentre 
 
 The three per cent consuls con-sols 
 
 A state of bewtitude. be-at-i-tude 
 
 I like peace pudding. peas peeze 
 
 We were opset in a ditch upset 
 
 Leave the door upon the jap- ajar 
 
 I ask thee not to spread the foldings wide, 
 Keep it at jar, I'll swiftly by thee slide 
 
 Ovid's 6 Elegy, unknown, 
 
 I follow my vacation vo-cation 
 
 Can you speak Jarm an, German 
 
 The King was disposed deposed 
 
 The 1st Regiment of Livegnards* Life guards 
 I dess say indeed I dare to say 
 
 Lend me a dixonery dictionary dic-shun-ary 
 
 It's not for the valiy of it value val-you , 
 
 Put your signetur signature signatshur 
 
 He belongs to the quire, (quire is obsolete) now 
 choir, koyr. 
 A crack of thunder suddenly, with lightning, hail, 
 
 and fire, 
 Fell on the church and tower here and ran into the 
 choir, (quire) 
 
 * In contradistinction we presume to the First Regiment 
 of Deadguards. 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 61 
 
 Write your nishles 
 
 Near the Eufraits 
 
 They act in marces 
 
 The door has no ketch 
 
 They put him to a nonplush 
 
 They tackted us in the lane 
 
 What a sight of nuts 
 
 Tried at the sizes 
 
 It passes through the refradj-J" 
 ertory 
 
 She lost her redicule 
 
 In Lambeth mash 
 
 Do it at your apparel 
 
 He's very insinnivating 
 
 They warnt there 
 
 She is so mashated 
 
 Mix it with rozzum 
 
 Eliza -favours my aunfc 
 
 initials in-ish-als 
 
 Eu-phra-tes 
 
 mas-ses 
 
 catch 
 
 non-plus 
 
 attacked 
 
 quantity 
 
 as-sizes 
 
 refrigeratory 
 
 re-fridg-er-atory 
 
 ret-i-cule 
 
 marsh 
 
 peril 
 
 insinuating 
 
 were not ; 
 
 emaciated e-mash-e-ated 
 
 rosin- roz-zin 
 
 resembles 
 
 I 
 
 A-dressing, a-going, a-doing dressing, going, doing 
 Here's a fine sco vy duck. Muscovy 
 
 She is a rail garnsey cow. real Guernsey 
 
 A good deal of larfture laughter larfter 
 
 It changed the whole mask "I 
 
 of his blood r masS 
 
 The wollimteers fired a wolley volunteers, volley 
 An old yo ewe yu 
 
62 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 The very drugs of the people dregs 
 
 He sat up better than an hour* more 
 
 A great, rev-erbration rever-Vr-ation 
 
 We are not fameelyer familiar fam-mil-yur 
 
 That question I can dissolve solve 
 
 A long drovvth drought drovvt 
 
 And never quenched fires: but ages drorght 
 Left thee not so much as would put out 
 
 May's Lucan b. 2. 
 
 And crickets sing at the oven's mouth, 
 
 As the blither for their drowth. — Per. of Tyre, a. 3 
 
 Near the monniment 
 Such a mickstur. 
 In the environs 
 I. bet him at that 
 He is a libertine 
 A gutral sound 
 Do it graddlely 
 Gum arabaek 
 They formed a colition 
 For your commodation 
 He sloshed me all over 
 The bell tolld (pol) 
 The right of the suvren 
 
 mon-u-ment 
 mixture mickstshur 
 
 environs 
 beat beet 
 
 lib-ber-tin 
 
 guttural gut-ter-ul 
 
 grad-u-ally 
 
 Arabic 
 
 co-aJition 
 
 ac-com-mo da-tion 
 
 sluiced si used 
 
 tolled, as rolled 
 sovereign sov-ren 
 
 * Tuiks, Ju!y-7th, 1832, Sir Walter Scott. 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 63 
 
 Look for the bellowses 
 
 bellows 
 
 I want to squench my thirst 
 
 quench 
 
 Fetch me a chiscake 
 
 cheese cake 
 
 He is in my employ 
 
 employment 
 
 A good many on 'em 
 
 of them 
 
 She fell plump in 
 
 •plumb 
 
 all unawares 
 
 
 Fluttering his pennons vai.i, plumb down he drops 
 
 P. L. b, 2, v. 928. 
 
 He goes of messenges messages 
 
 I watched his jesters gestures jest-shurs 
 
 It was a black un a black one 
 
 That letter is izzod zed 
 
 Two spoonfuls spoonsful 
 
 Now he fares his voice rears reers 
 
 If man knows not! how he denies! and rears frares) 
 To'ce and set face ! by the Sun beams he swears 
 
 h. j. s. ia 
 
 But could a Vascan be a true 
 Stoic in old Metellus' days!— Now where 
 Don't they a Greek aud Latine Athens rear (rare) 
 
 H. J. s. 15. 
 As Romulus a wolf-did rear, (rare) 
 So he was dry nurs'd by a bear. — Hud. ■ » g 
 
 A serpent from her left was seen to rear (rare) 
 His flaming crest and lash the yielding air. 
 
 Pope's Thebaic 
 
64 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 The hambrv, Westmister 
 The veternary college 
 Like convulsion fits 
 In the serag-lio 
 I drawed in ray horns 
 They are leaden iras 
 A foot in deamiter 
 The ambassador's sute 
 A hedgebone of beef 
 Covered with wordergrees 
 That house yunder 
 An inventory was taken 
 I have no objections 
 Eleegiac poetry 
 
 Hence hymning Tyburns elegiac lines 
 
 Hence journals, medleys, Merc'ries, magazines. 
 
 Pope's Dun 
 
 It is a great luksh-erry 
 The money was own to me 
 He says such rum things 
 
 almonry, Westminster 
 
 veterinary ve-terry-nary 
 
 convulsive 
 
 se-ray-li-o 
 
 drew 
 
 leaden ones 
 
 di-am-eter 
 
 suite sweet 
 
 ache-bone aytchbun 
 
 verdegris 
 
 yonder 
 
 Inventory 
 
 objection 
 
 e-le-gi-ac 
 
 He is my prentice 
 In his wun-ted manner 
 She is very unprudent 
 That's very unproper 
 The sowthern provinces 
 A fine spanull 
 
 luxury lags-erry 
 
 owing 
 
 comical 
 
 apprentice 
 
 wonted want-ed 
 
 imprudent 
 
 improper 
 
 southern suthern 
 
 spaniel spanyel 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 65 
 
 Peace to his mains manes may-nees 
 
 The pUnish'd crime shall set my soul at ease, 
 And lnurm'ring manes of my friends appease. 
 
 Dry.JEn. b.2, v. 300. 
 Hail, oh ye holy manes; hail again, 
 •Paternal ashes, now review'd in vain. 
 
 firing him wi' you with you 
 •Gi' us hold of it give us 
 
 He's a horniment to his wife an ornament 
 It was a fortin to him fortune fortchun 
 
 He passed a lowjum on me an eulogium 
 On shrorf Tuesday shrove 
 
 That's a mezzeftint metz-zotint 
 Holt there, let's drink hold 
 
 It was very opportune Opportune 
 
 • the murkiest den 
 
 The most oppSrtune place, the strongest suggestion. 
 Temp. a. 3, s. 2. 
 ■ - ' perhaps in view 
 
 Of those bright confines, whence with neighb'ring arms, 
 And oppSrtune excursion. — P. L. b. 2. 
 
 Is it not a picter ? pic-ture 
 
 She's always scything so sigh-ing 
 
 He made prog-ress pro-gress 
 
 They are Prush-ans Prussians Proo-shuns 
 
 They are Rooshans 'Russians Rush-uns 
 
60 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 •He is a barrownite 
 At the wine worts 
 An excellent sortment 
 The best Barrick pork 
 The yellow jarnders 
 He is a learned man 
 I solvi marchandise 
 He has not perseverance 
 Slie is too gallish 
 
 We furredged in every corner* 
 All garsconade Gas-co-nade 
 
 baronet 
 
 vaults 
 
 as-sortment 
 
 Berwick 
 
 jaundice jawndis 
 
 learned lurnd 
 
 mer-chan-dise 
 
 perse-ve-rance 
 
 girlish gurlish 
 
 i 
 
 I did it at fust 
 The Whole firnament 
 The King's fawkner 
 He always quiwicates 
 I read it quite cursory 
 The skin was skorated 
 We took a jarnt to Ham 
 You always tarnt him 
 The wosship of the gods 
 A spank in the face 
 An ex-quis-ite poem 
 The guards re-vol-ted 
 A grievious affair 
 
 first furst 
 
 fir-ma-ment 
 
 fal-co-ner 
 
 e-quiv-o-cates 
 
 cursorily 
 
 ex-co-ri-ated 
 
 jaunt jawnt 
 
 taunt tawnt 
 
 worship wurship 
 
 slap 
 
 exquisite 
 
 re-voal-ted 
 
 griev-ous 
 
 * This word is a vulgarism clerived from foflfrer or 
 fourrager. 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. #7 
 
 Can you substanshit that ? J ^££^Sft 
 
 Do it agen I come back by the time 
 
 Go Phrygians to your Dindymus agen, 
 Go less than women, in the shapes of men. 
 
 D. JE. b. 9, v. 845. 
 
 In various forms appear agen, 
 
 Of vegetables, brutes, and men. — Swift. 
 
 Where's the permit permit 
 
 He was completely- bet beaten 
 
 They fit for an hour fought 
 
 That's a mofrodite her-maph-ro-dite 
 
 The Suthuc bridge Southwark Southwuk 
 
 You have torn your haypun apron ay-pron 
 An acknowledged interpolation Tnter-polation 
 
 Go to an opthalmist oph>thal-mist (of th) 
 
 Shall I begin agen? again 
 
 The bulls redeem'd breath open air agen, 
 Next by the feet, they drag him from his den. 
 
 D. JE. b. 3, v. 356 
 
 Grins horrible, retires and turns again, 
 Threats his distended paws and shakes his mane 
 D.jE. b. 9, V.10T4. 
 
 His certain state depends, see here in Spain 
 The fainting Hydra yet shoots forth again. 
 
 Luc, b. 0, p. 9 
 
68 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 1 he asplenade is finished 
 
 A beautiful vayse 
 
 Do you know his geneology 
 
 What amazing ordossity 
 
 We saw the ar-se-nal 
 
 He made a memoranda of it 
 
 I should think it ware 
 
 Write down imprimis 
 
 Blind from catarack 
 
 Make a surrup of it 
 
 The goose was personated ' 
 by a boy 
 
 They were start naked 
 
 Make the girt tighter 
 
 The passyfic ocean 
 
 A book of antidotes 
 
 Bay some Bambury cakes 
 
 Where is Dovor? 
 
 es-ple-nade 
 vase vorze 
 
 gene-al-ogy 
 
 audacity ordassity 
 
 arse-nal 
 
 memorandum 
 
 it were wur 
 
 Imprimis 
 
 cataract 
 
 syrup 
 
 girth 
 
 syr-rup 
 performed 
 
 stark 
 
 gerth 
 pa-clf-ic 
 anecdotes 
 Ban-bury 
 
 Dover 
 
 
 Get the dog a parnch 
 The memmoyrs of Swift 
 You mourn in your sleep 
 T harnd it honestly 
 An excellent compacity 
 
 He set a figure to discover 
 
 If you were fled to Rye or Dover. 
 
 H.P.2,c. I. 
 paunch pawnch 
 
 memoirs mem-wors 
 
 moan 
 
 earned urnd 
 
 ca-pacity 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 69 
 
 A frivolous pre-text 
 I did it quite fortusly 
 An ounce of vitrul 
 Wash my ankeen jacket 
 Covered with wurts 
 The men carried flamboys 
 A pretty Cat and Wheel 
 She is a seamstress 
 By an au-gust monarch 
 Take harer one 
 Leave go 
 It's a hay nous offence 
 
 pre-text 
 
 for-tu-it-ous-ly 
 
 vit-ri-ol 
 
 nan-keen 
 
 warts 
 
 flambeaux (bows) 
 
 Catherine Wheel 
 
 semstr'iss 
 
 august or-gust 
 
 take either 
 
 release your hold 
 
 heinous he-nus 
 
 Perhaps thou shalt not die, perhaps the fact 
 
 Is not so haiuous now P. L. b.9, v. 929. 
 
 All his adherents 
 
 I can't abear it 
 
 She rifles my temper 
 
 A sudden gush of wind 
 
 The epo of the Egyptians 
 
 Set on fire by incenderies 
 
 Made with plateena 
 
 The statute at Charing Cross 
 
 He aynt done it 
 
 ad-he-rents 
 
 bear 
 
 ruffles 
 
 gust 
 
 epoch ep-uk 
 
 incendiaries 
 
 plati'na plat-m-ner 
 
 sta-tue 
 
 has not 
 
 She carries his minnitur 
 He mortgaged ids estate 
 Ax him about it 
 
 miniature minni-tshur 
 mortgaged mor-gaged 
 
 ask 
 
70 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 It rains very hard 
 He's stinted in growth 
 He's stunted in food 
 I took it to rise my spirits 
 A frequenter of plays 
 Adun, let me alone 
 Blessed with a wife 
 What does he keer 
 I kotched the ball 
 Don't be darnted 
 It was all tangled together 
 The thing is mewtshal 
 His back is wailed all over 
 Her parrentage is good 
 As he was wunt_ 
 It's rize and progress 
 
 fast 
 
 stunted 
 
 stinted 
 
 raise 
 
 frequenter 
 
 have done 
 
 blest 
 
 care 
 
 caught 
 
 daunted dawnted 
 
 entangled 
 
 mu-tu-al 
 
 whealed 
 
 parentage pair-ent-age 
 
 wont want 
 
 rise rice 
 
 TV Egpytians say the sun has twice 
 Shifted his setting and his rise. 
 
 Be stiddy 
 
 He was a stipenderry 
 
 I was at the berryal 
 
 It's in my drorze 
 
 She is a dossil creature 
 
 She enjoys very bad health 
 
 steady steddy 
 
 stipendiary sti-pen-di-ary 
 
 burial bew-re-al 
 
 drawers draw-ers 
 
 docile do-syle 
 
 she endures, 
 
 experiences 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 71 
 
 He recovered his illness his health 
 
 The bishop is very kuvve-tous covetous* kuvvi-tshus 
 
 ^ow I find, the noise is wind windf 
 
 I have woonded it up wound wownd 
 
 That is the korrollary corollary ker-rol lary 
 
 I am so lonesome solitary 
 
 He's a shocking- lusty fellow lustful 
 
 The texter is very fine texture tecks-tshur 
 
 How dry I am thirsty 
 
 He is a debbertchee debauchee deb-ber-shee 
 
 Moyshen it well first moisten moysteu 
 
 What nasty talents you've got talons 
 
 Hand over the taykel tackle tak-kle 
 
 1 will not imbryle myself embroil em-broyl 
 
 They were in-dict-ed indicted in-di-ted 
 
 The mashes of the net meshes 
 
 Please to except my respects accept 
 
 *. - * In most of the^Pronouncrhg Dictionaries the or- 
 thoepy given is kuvetus, but this is erroneous, and arise? 
 from an alteration of the orthography, which was for- 
 merly covetuous. The proper pronunciaton is covetshus. 
 The orthography is altered: the orthoepy retained. 
 
 •f Wind should be pronounced as sinn'd, tinn'd, 
 and should never be made to jingle with mind, find, &c. 
 a word can have hut one pronunciation. It is the only 
 •one in English that is anomalous in this respect, from 
 an improper adherence to a vulgarism, which should he 
 gotten rid of. 
 
VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 Have you the dublicate du-pli-cate 
 
 It's stewed to a mammy mummy 
 
 Power out your tea pour pore 
 
 He squirted it out of his mouth spirted 
 
 She was quite conwulsed convulsed 
 
 Take this instid 
 
 instead in-sted 
 
 You are a septic 
 
 sceptic skeptic 
 
 Under the shadder of a tree 
 
 shadow shad-doe 
 
 1 want another piller 
 
 pillow pil-loe 
 
 She gets up very ere-ly 
 
 early er-ly 
 
 They all had staffs 
 
 staves 
 
 I'm not very petiklar particular per-tik-ku-ler 
 
 He is a gineral 
 
 gen-eral 
 
 It was quite transmogrified 
 
 changed 
 
 Have you been at Mad-rid 
 
 Ma-drld 
 
 I was then at Mi-lan 
 
 Mil-an 
 
 The continential people 
 
 continen-tal 
 
 In the la-b5r-atory laboratory lab-ber-ra-torr 
 
 The regimental dlppo 
 
 depot de-po 
 
 That gives the impetus 
 
 Impetus 
 
 Bills have three days gratis 
 
 grace 
 
 Are you fond of herrins 
 
 her-rings 
 
 I'm choked with thust 
 
 thirst thurst 
 
 It behooved him to do it 
 
 be-hove 
 
 That's a very cirkitus way 
 
 cir-cu-it-ous 
 
 It fell right smack upon it 
 
 with all its weight 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 73 
 
 What rubbidge you talk rubbish 
 
 What's a matter ? what's the matter 
 
 Lov'd, fear'd. and honor'd* 
 
 Out of the cestern cistern 
 
 Sown with mustard and crease cress 
 
 Do you allow a presentage? per centage 
 
 That's a great addition to it improvement 
 
 I write these few lines- { Wh { ** the m ™ 
 
 I what he sees? 
 
 This comes hoping- to find— Until death us do part — 
 Remember me to all enquiring- friends — Yours in 
 haste ; — these and similar expressions are gross vul- 
 garisms, and should be avoided. 
 
 It's ruckled up ruffled 
 
 He carried me a pic-a-back on his back 
 
 I took my father on my back 
 And let him ride a-pig-a-pack. 
 
 Comic Opera of Queen Dido, 
 She's a dispizable wretch des-pi'cable 
 
 there is no sort of talent so despisable. 
 
 Sir W. Temple's Misc. p. 3 
 
 Leave go let go, for let it ge 
 
 Did you ever see a Chinee? Chinese 
 
 * Never abbreviate words with an apostrophe in 
 prose writing; it is a certain mark of ignorance* 
 
7± VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 Shawl, kuld, wuld, shuld; shall, could, would 
 
 should; which are pronounced shal, kuud, 
 
 wuud, shuud. 
 
 Haive, air, ware; for have, are, were, which are 
 pronounced hav, ar, wur 
 
 Water decoct they fetch more cold than e're 
 Was Scythian frost. — Did I complain you were (ware) 
 Not serv'd with the same wine? — why see you have (aive 
 Not the same water. — Some Getulian slave. IIol.Juv. 
 
 Large as the fields themselves, and larger far 
 Than civil codes with all their glosses are. 
 
 Pope's Sat. 2,Z.95. 
 
 Says he— At th' year's end, so much gold thou'lt have 
 As for a conqueror, and, he shews, they crave. (aiv) 
 
 H.J.s.S. 
 Look thou no gross wrong do, to such as are (air) 
 Valiaut and poor : for make them ne'er so bare. 
 
 H. J. s. 8. 
 
 That those ships pav'd the firm sea, which did bear 
 Chariot wheels. — We believe deep rivers were (ware) 
 
 H.J.s.10. 
 Nor the Chaldean skill'd astrologer, 
 Nor any secret ways, that lawful were, (wur) 
 
 May's Luc. 
 
 I dislike skollops scallops skal-lops 
 
 PiU'shuent to the act pursuant per-soo-ant 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 75 
 
 Pass-ed, oall-ed, ask-ed, esteem-ed, beseech-ed, 
 f. judg-ed, striv-ed, pleas-ed, sacrific-ed 
 
 This elongation of the ultimate is a gross and vul* 
 gar method of reading- : it is used in the Church 
 from a silly affectation of peculiarity, and in Cha- 
 rity Schools from ignorance: but is wholly unjusti- 
 fiable.— -Read as you speak, but speak correctly. 
 
 It's incongrus nonsense in-con-gru-ous 
 
 He tpak.£wo galloons galeons gal-yons 
 
 A: yaller shawl yellow yello 
 
 Parce that sentence parse parze* 
 
 An irrevocable promise ir-rev-6cable 
 
 The profficee was true prophecy proffe-sigh 
 
 Great Phrebus way : or that the gods decree 
 Made Cyrrha mute, thinking it prophetic 
 
 May's Lac. 
 
 He who to seem more deep than you or I 
 Extols old bards, or Merlins' prophecy. — Pope. 
 
 He has a sinnycure sinecure sigh-ne-cure 
 
 I bought a razor strop strap 
 
 Mixing up the letters v and u, and i and j, as the 
 same letters, is a gross error among lexicographers, 
 
 Syncope, or the contraction of words, in writing. 
 
 such as he pass'd, he shew'd, he learn'd, exhibit de* 
 
 fluency of education and should be avoided. 
 
 f Latin j Pars Orationis. 
 
76 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 He takes pressidence 
 Is this your profyle? 
 Give us a chaw 
 
 pre-ce-dence 
 
 profile profeel 
 
 chew or quid 
 
 Ah wretched queen ! yon range the pathless wood 
 While on a flow'ry bank he chaws the cud. — Dryden. 
 
 He is so full of kaypris caprice ker-prees 
 
 After his aggrandisement ag-gran-dise-ment 
 
 I took some blue-monge blanc-mange blorn-mornje 
 He made no bones of it did it unhesitatingly 
 
 I pull'd him up cited him by law 
 
 He knows that fast enough— he'll do it fast enough— 
 I'll take it fast enough— They'll go fast enough. 
 
 Fast enough, is an adverbial expression, inelegantly, 
 and improperly applied upon most occasions. 
 
 He guv it me 
 
 It was done gradjully 
 
 People yoozyully do so 
 
 They torment me perpetchally 
 
 He was a complis 
 
 Don't be afeard 
 
 A troublesome hangnail 
 
 I am chuckful 
 
 A furse opponent 
 
 gave 
 grad u-ally 
 u-su-ally 
 per-pet-u-ally 
 an accomplice 
 afraid 
 hagnail 
 chokeful, a low expression 
 for fierce, the stage 
 
 Done into English 
 
 translated 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 77 
 
 Spain is a peninshula pen-in-su-la 
 
 The race will come off next 1 n . , • , 
 
 Tuesday* J come on ' or take placc 
 
 Calves foot broth calf's foot 
 
 I hate such carneyingf 
 
 He drank it to the drags dregs 
 
 She's. gone dead a tautological vulgarism 
 
 An impudent urchint urchin 
 
 He is administerator ad-min-is-tra-tor 
 
 They were a-bed in bed 
 
 Basellikun ointment ba-sil-i-con 
 
 The bellygerant parties belligerant bel-lidg-erant 
 
 Now he carries the cag he is offended 
 
 His disorder is canker cancer 
 These are shampillyons champignons sham-pinyons 
 
 Quite chopfallen chap 
 
 They use gon-do-lers gondola gondoler 
 
 We had such a ker-rarnt corantj 
 
 All garsconade gas-con-ade 
 
 * This is a vulgarism of the editor of a sporting 
 newspaper, who by the hysteron proteron, is as witty 
 as a man, who should wish us good night at midday. 
 
 f Notwithstanding the common use of this word, 
 lexicographers have not yet noticed it. 
 
 1 CoranTj a lively dance; the vulgarism is expressire 
 of fun. 
 
?8 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRlEl*IES 
 
 Use teepid water 
 
 A fet-id smell 
 
 That house is a bag--nio 
 
 There are no assets 
 
 Lend me the compasses 
 
 I was properly maced 
 
 He ko-al-leesd with him 
 
 Firmis means the end 
 
 It was a terrible ordeel 
 
 The repertory of arts 
 
 I was plantiff 
 
 They paid the overplush 
 
 The Ple-a-dees are in Taurus 
 
 We got into a qu'ogmire 
 
 He was a man of pro-ess 
 
 He overpysed it 
 
 tep-id 
 fe-tid 
 bagnio ban-yo 
 
 assets 
 compass 
 cheated 
 coalesced ko-al-lessd 
 f I-n'is 
 or-de-al 
 rep-er-tory 
 plain-tiff 
 over-plus 
 Pleiades Ply-a-dees 
 quag-mire 
 prow-ess prou 
 
 over-poised 
 
 Tanning", hiding, thrashing, wopping, basting, wal- 
 loping, tipping, whacking, punching, serving out, 
 drubbing, licking, dressing, giving goose, leather- 
 ing; these low terms for beating exhibit the cor- 
 ruptions that daily creep into language and deteri- 
 orate its dignity. 
 You're a complete do a vulgarism for cheat 
 
 What are you in the suds about ? ill-humoured 
 She slushed me all over sluiced sloosd 
 
 He was thoroughly spiflicated confounded 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 70 
 
 I took six for sequels 
 
 Shew a light there 
 
 He was fyaule$ over the coals 
 
 I swopped it for? a hat^ 
 
 The weather's muggy 
 
 A cold collection 
 
 The fault of govurment 
 
 I'm a-dry 
 
 In front a grass plat 
 
 Gone to Hamberg 
 
 At St. Petersburg* 
 
 He gaye me a lectur 
 
 How you've tumbled my dress 
 
 Made from lithurage 
 
 You've no gumption 
 
 He's inexorable 
 
 I've a game hand 
 
 Use opodildoc 
 
 He cant bear to see her out > « 
 
 sequences 
 
 bring 
 
 called to account 
 
 exchanged 
 
 murky 
 
 collation 
 
 government guv-urn-ment 
 
 thirsty 
 
 plot 
 
 Hamburgh Hamburrer 
 
 Petersburg Peters-berg 
 
 lecture lec-tshur 
 
 Rumpled 
 
 litharge 
 
 wit, cunning 
 
 in-ex-6rable 
 
 hurt, crippled 
 
 opodeldoc 
 
 of his sight 
 I do so ujzhally 
 During his mayoraltry 
 I didn't give a dite 
 He likkidated the debt 
 The debburty of the ward 
 
 omit "to see'' 
 
 u-su-ally 
 
 mayoralty 
 
 doit doyt 
 
 liquidated lik-wi-dated 
 
 dep-u-ty 
 
80 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 Full of enthusiism enthusiasm 
 
 A rasher of bacon * 
 
 Meux's intire entire 
 
 The most e-quit-able equitable ekwi- table 
 
 It was really hidjus hid-e-ous 
 
 He made a lounge at me lunge 
 
 Rising' six hands f 
 
 I took some magneshee magnesia mag-neesh-er 
 
 He entered into all the) . wn4t v .„ „, „ 
 
 , > minutiae mi-nu-she-e 
 
 minnooshee ) 
 
 He had a lion upon the estate Ken le-un 
 
 As liv one as the other as lieve X 
 
 I gave such a sisserary § 
 
 There wasjuch a piece j iUnatured tauntand dispute 
 
 Y °% a o r ddnng ayS m ° U " } meddli ^ ^ ith kitch ™ affairs 
 
 It gave me a world of trouble || 
 We played up old gooseberry rare fun 
 
 An irrepairable crime ir-rep-arable 
 
 * Rasher is evidently a corruption of ration* 
 
 f Rising is a stabulary preposition for about- 
 
 J Lieve is now vulgar. 
 
 § Vulgarly applied to a smart knocking at the door, 
 
 also to a quarrel of high words. 
 [] Mare malorurn, a sea of troubles, is much better, the 
 
 former is vulgar. 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 81 
 
 The harsp of the lock hasp h-asp 
 
 I've not a scudduk no money 
 
 Mop uses, browns, tizzies, tanners, bobs, bulls, 
 blunt, are all blackguard terms for money and sui- 
 table only for pickpockets. 
 
 The honey tices it down entices 
 
 A horrible miskreent mis-cre-ant 
 In the last centyurry century cen-ter-ry 
 
 The sturrup's too large stir-rup 
 
 Where's the horsier ostler * 
 
 Sunday is a holyday holy 
 
 Monday is a holiday hol-Ie-da 
 
 Come bundle, bolt, morris be off 
 
 Ghost. Bold daring- printer, who disdain'st the law 
 And tramplest under foot the will of kings ; 
 Who writest North Britons, though the crown 
 
 forbids it 
 Wilt find, too soon will find, the harjy claw of 
 
 Carrington. 
 Bingley, beware ! and morris off like me. 
 
 Court and City Mag. 1770. 
 
 He needs must he has no alternative 
 
 A loomy land loamy lo-my 
 
 They flop their wings flap 
 
 It was a garla night gala gay-ler 
 
 Shew is better written show 
 
 Ostler is probably derived from horse sadler. 
 
82 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 Mallifats are best marrowfats 
 
 A matter of twenty quantity 
 
 Cleaned with brigdust brick-dust 
 
 I've split with him no longer friendly 
 
 There's spit upon your hat spittle, saliva 
 
 Near the risbun wristband 
 
 That's all blatherumskite nonsense 
 
 He has a whale on his hand weal weel 
 
 Go to, go to —found so frequently in the earlier 
 dramatists may tend to correct the improper writing 
 of "too and fro," which implies "to that place, 
 from this place." — Go to, appears therefore an un- 
 complete expression, implying impatience, the sub- 
 stantive of the preposition being suspended, as if 
 one should say, go to the devil ; or, go to Bath ; the 
 latter being adapted by polite people, from the as- 
 sumption that it is the nearest road to the former. 
 
 He knows the miss of it the loss or want 
 
 You do me proud do me the honor 
 
 I've made bold to call taken the liberty, 
 
 That's only your seviration as-severation 
 
 The frite was paid freight frajfee 
 
 He was an orgzillary auxiliary orgz-il-yery 
 
 It's quite optionable optional 
 
 The Spartan Heelots Hel-ots 
 

 OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 83 
 
 A phaylanx of talent phalanx phal-anx 
 
 The treble clif clef 
 
 They are in partnerships partnership 
 
 1 hate vacksillation vaccillation vassil-ation 
 
 It's a component part coni-po-nent 
 
 I have a grammar book grammar 
 
 The paytronage is great patronage pat-ronage 
 
 He needs must go there * 
 Paul. Needs must you lay your heart at his dispose. 
 K. John.. a. 1. s 1 
 By the rout of Venice route root 
 
 He was the tutorer tutor 
 
 In the Alcoran in the Koran 
 
 Religion is a technical thing delicate, serious 
 I spoke of Boneypart Buonaparte Bonarpart 
 
 Take some caraway comforts comfits 
 
 I received a nonymus letter an anonymous 
 
 He dispensed with three > devoured 
 
 plates ot meat f ) 
 
 It stands on trussels tressels 
 
 Here's a poppet shew puppet 
 
 In Paternoster row Pater Payter 
 
 * The analysis of this obsolete phrase, although 
 occasionally used by moderns defies all. the appliances 
 of grammar. 
 
 f Dispense, is to. do without. 
 
84 VULGARISMS AND IJVIPftO Pit £l TIES 
 
 Great blundering is exhibited by unedu- 
 cated persons in note writing, in which the 
 words I, thou, we, you, upon the principles 
 of grammatical propriety cannot appear : the 
 following instances are illustrations of the 
 errors jn question. 
 
 Mr. A hopes Mr. B will excuse l ,. , . 
 
 my chaise not being sent J* 
 
 Mr. W's compliments to Mr. S") and will be obliged 
 and I will be obliged if you > if he (Mr. S.) will 
 will call to-morow. J call. 
 
 Mr. and Mrs. H send their res- "1 „ A m . , ,„_ 
 pects and we shall be happy } and wlU be ht W 
 
 Mr.T presents his compliments") 
 
 to Miss J. and it gives iner and has the pleasure 
 pleasure to state ^ 
 
 Mr.C. apologises to Mrs. F for \ , . 
 
 not having sent my son before J 
 
 John Price sends to enquire -\ 
 
 after the health of Mr. > J. P. is very well 
 Simms. I am very well j 
 
 Mrs. Jay's compliments to) 
 
 Mrs.jLove and I am vcryC and is sorry she cannot 
 
 sorry I cannot come toC come to Mrs. L/s party 
 
 your party. J 
 
 Mr. Davis is obliged to Mr.-N 
 
 Bury for the goose youi the goose he gent 
 
 sent yesterday ) 
 
&F THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 85 
 
 The following sentences incorporate a great 
 variety of word* that are generally mispro- 
 nounced and are brought together for or- 
 thoepical practice. 
 
 Satire and sophistry are the patron and matron of 
 tergiversation: all the machinations of the Legate 
 were premature and superfluous and exhibited a 
 specimen of European contumacy apparently adapted 
 to eradicate the mercantile and national industry. 
 
 He was wounded by the formidable implements of 
 ceremony, and the contiguous chasm into which he 
 was inveigled formed at once the theatre of his mas- 
 sacre and his sepulchre- 
 
 The medicine he took for the ophthalmia and 
 typhus rendered him paralytic and the lamentable 
 news from Athens regarding the elecampane and 
 the venison made the matter very ludicrous. 
 
 The horizon of hereditary anticipation was to- 
 wards China and an acceptable respite from Guild- 
 
86 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 hull was sufficiently opportune to render hiii? 
 accessory to cognizance. Finally, to give accuracy 
 to the exaggerated account of his obstreperous be- 
 haviour, he sold his demesne rather than say apos- 
 trophe or spell diphthong. 
 
 Although he was philanthropic towards all, he was 
 auxiliary to the chastisement which took place con- 
 tiguous to a mountainous locality. 
 
 During her widowhood she obtained a livelihood 
 by the plebeian occupation of selling celery, endive, 
 and lilac, a pursuit so contrary' to her peremptory 
 character as to produce the most melancholy lamen- 
 tation She was chagrined by the least refusal to 
 her puerile disposition, and made the empyrean 
 ring with her audacious discontent. 
 
 He was attached to literature and ethics, and by 
 means of an advertisement he entered into a contro- 
 versy with an highlander -etrncerning his plaid and 
 pronounciation ; and, in the altitude of his choler 
 and the height of his enthusiasm, denominated him 
 a plagiarist, a pedant, and a miscreant ; he said 
 that his plagiarism, although extempore was irrele- 
 vant, and was obtained from the economical fabric of 
 his legends, through the presages of which he appa- 
 rently construed his inherent and aerial traits of ab- 
 surdity. 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. &7 
 
 She would not compromise the architecture of 
 her character even for a ehrystal chariot and the 
 planet Saturn, but put him in a schedule of quaran- 
 tine for colleaguing by means -of placards ajralrfst 
 her maintenance and her asparagus; and, for his in- 
 terference in the carousals of her enjoyment. Thus 
 she obtained simultaneous eclat and nonplussed him 
 as effectually as if he were blasphemous and his 
 religion zoology, 
 
 It was perceptible that the valentine had produced 
 a mischievous, indisputable, extraordinary and irre- 
 parable effect: she was inexorable to courtesy, and 
 environned as she was by fanatics and lunatics, she 
 succumbed to the machinations of satirists, and to 
 the flagrant orisons of her prompters. 
 
 Isolated and impotent in the hands of ■such execu- 
 tors, her thoughts were alienated from momentous 
 and exemplary premises to desultory, despicable, and 
 arbitrary considerations. Her finances were expend- 
 ed on cresses, prunes, and geraniums: her ipse 
 dixit upon monarchical and typographical subjects, 
 was specific and incontrovertible. 
 
 The cornice of the orchestra was oriental and by 
 the advice of a committee she took out a patent for 
 •a new shuttlecock and a stomachic medicine. 
 
88 VULGARISMS AND IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 By a compulsory combat the grenadiers attacked 
 the papists with bayonets, and it is still upon record 
 that in a fit of perspiration and tremor she brought 
 on her demise, and made her apotheosis to a subal- 
 tern world upon the anniversary of her nativity. 
 
 The plaintiff was indecorous and amenable to no 
 conciliatory law, he importuned the debtor by the 
 chicanery of the tribunals, and by inexorable au- 
 dacity and unappeasable vituperation he attainted all 
 the principles of humanity. 
 
 He wa? a debauchee and a libertine, and thought 
 to aggrandise his parentage by a mausoleum erected 
 to propitiate their manes and in reminiscence of the 
 pageantry and fastuosity which had long reverber- 
 ated along the banks of the Euphrates and the en- 
 virons of the Archipelago. 
 
 The belligerent parties -were of Herculean 
 force and sufficient to annihilate the allies whose 
 supernumerary adherents gave an impetus to their 
 actions which gave poignant chagrin to the policy of 
 the seraglio. 
 
 A grievous caprice renders him an inexplicable 
 chimera and a precedence in the presidency substan- 
 tiates his irrevocable edicts and his equivocal man- 
 dates. 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 89 
 
 *Tepid water was temporarily recommended, and 
 the fetid medicine was ordered, as corollary to that 
 miscellany of admixtures, which the veterinary prac- 
 titioner had adopted as a refrigeratory to the febrile 
 influences. 
 
 The vase which was discovered near the Cataract 
 had been left there by the incendiaries, who after 
 firing the granary made a syllabub and, by a circuit- 
 ous route went off in a southern direction, with tlte 
 assets contained in the reticule of the viscountess. 
 
MMkYmkL BMPROPiRJlETIfEl 
 
 OF THE 
 
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 As the Grammatical improprieties of speed* 
 may be accounted as part and parcel of the po- 
 pular vulgarisms, some of the most common are 
 here brought together; and as they are intended 
 for those persons who do not comprehend gram- 
 matical arrangement, they are not placed under 
 the heads of canons, to obviate a consideration of 
 that which would not be intelligible. 
 
 It might have fell there 
 fallen 
 
 If he had teached her 
 taught 
 
 I've gave away fourteen 
 given 
 
 Not by no means 
 any 
 
 1 were about to ask you 
 jWts 
 
 It warnt me 
 was not I 
 
 That board is six foot long 
 feet 
 
 Give me that dice 
 die 
 
 He tcld the tother man 
 other 
 
 Give me a book whats got 
 pictures. that ba* 
 
02 
 
 GRAMMATICAL IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 I'd have made her done it 
 do 
 
 He haves them all at home 
 has 
 
 There arn't none left 
 are not any 
 
 This is most hardest 
 hard 
 
 You are more harsher 
 harsh 
 
 You are sure to miss of him 
 miss hi in 
 
 Why dont you take & do it? 
 omit take & 
 
 They had just set down 
 sat 
 
 What signifies their opi- 
 signify nions 
 
 I was awoke by the bell 
 awaked 
 
 There is nine of us in the 
 are house 
 
 She bore him a child 
 bare 
 
 When I met him he was 
 drank— drunk 
 
 "Our pleasures leads us away 
 lead 
 
 1 ought to have went there 
 gOH^e 
 
 It was showed me 
 
 shown 
 Follv and ignorance is the 
 evils of life are 
 
 He had laid down 
 lain 
 
 The sheep was all sold 
 were 
 
 The Parliament are assem- 
 bled is 
 
 I always tells him that 
 tell 
 
 Wine and cake is good 
 are 
 
 I knows it well 
 know 
 
 I eats hearty 
 eat heartily 
 
 They never takes no notice 
 take any 
 
 The cat catched a rat 
 caught 
 
 They was ill and lied down 
 
 were lay 
 
 He bare the weight on his 
 bore shoulders 
 
 The price of bread has fell 
 fallen 
 
 Neither of them arc dead 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 I speak frank 
 frankly 
 
 I intend for to go 
 
 omit for 
 I speak plain 
 
 plainly 
 
 I speak intelligible 
 intelligibly 
 
 Leave me alone by myself 
 by myself, is here unnecessary 
 
 I don't never wear it 
 omit don't 
 
 Our father which art in 
 heaven who 
 
 Who is here? Ans. Me 
 I 
 
 She would have gave him 
 some given 
 
 1 he books was sold for too 
 were Tittle 
 
 The bears flew from the 
 dogs fled 
 
 I never knowed it before 
 
 k new- 
 Bo th John and his wife is 
 
 offended are 
 
 I see him yesterday in Hoi- 
 
 saw born 
 
 The crowd were outrageous 
 
 was 
 
 The parliament are deter- 
 mined is 
 
 It was me that struck him 
 I who 
 
 We begun the work y ester- 
 began day 
 
 Every one of them are good 
 is 
 
 He did him a honour 
 an 
 
 He behaves in an humble 
 manner a 
 
 He went for to do it 
 omit for 
 
 He was frightened by a owl 
 an 
 
 The crew were saved 
 was 
 
 She has'ntgot none 
 she has none 
 
 She catched the disorder 
 caught 
 
 Never do so no more 
 
 any 
 Unless he goe3 
 
 go 
 
 If he repents 
 
 repeut 
 
 He was a going 
 
u 
 
 GRAMMATICAL IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 We mustn't do it 
 must not 
 
 I am twelve years old to- 
 shall be morrow 
 
 I was laying on the bed 
 
 lying- 
 She lias just went' out 
 gone 
 
 He was born on their shonl- 
 borne ders 
 
 I have knowed that a long 
 known time 
 
 The birds had flew 
 flown 
 
 The river was froze 
 frozen 
 
 The trees had fell into the 
 river fallen 
 
 A man what lives there 
 who 
 
 The embankment give way 
 gave 
 
 She was frost bit 
 bitten 
 
 I was awoke by it 
 awaked 
 
 He was bade to do it 
 
 bitiden 
 
 She teached the Latin 
 taught 
 
 They were agen the war 
 against 
 
 The sheep was she; red 
 shorn 
 
 Thomas see him this mor* 
 saw ning* 
 
 The ship was laded 
 laden 
 
 The grass was mowed 
 mown 
 
 You are taller than me 
 I 
 
 If it is so 
 be 
 
 Although he is there 
 be 
 
 Will you take a egg 
 
 an 
 
 I saw him t'other day 
 the other 
 
 Wealth or power are good 
 
 He was a running 
 ornit a 
 
 Fne nation patronise Vrm 
 patronises 
 
 The government rule 
 
 rules 
 The public are wrong 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 
 
 95 
 
 lie bridge is broke 
 broken 
 <ook at this here 
 
 omit here 
 ve me that there book 
 
 omit there 
 [ done it often 
 did 
 
 lie horse was shood 
 shod 
 
 Hfe were walking with me 
 was 
 
 fie looks exceeding- well 
 exceedingly 
 
 tie and me went out yester- 
 1 day 
 
 Vhat cares I 
 care 
 
 Almost every one are ill 
 
 is 
 1 wishes you well 
 
 wish 
 
 My husband come home yes- 
 terday came 
 
 He was took to prison 
 
 taken 
 
 He lied down 
 lay 
 
 He swum across the river 
 swam 
 
 They was all very well 
 were 
 
 When I see them last 
 
 saw 
 
 Twice five is ten 
 are 
 
 I aint got not a morsel 
 I have not 
 
 1 was properly did 
 
 done 
 
 He was almost froze 
 frozen 
 Each of them are good 
 
 Every one are sold 
 is 
 
 Neither of them are gone 
 
 is 
 
 All is subject to death 
 are 
 
 The goods was bought 
 
 were 
 It must not lav dormant 
 lie' 
 
 He rose the rent 
 aised 
 
 The surgeon binded up his He has lesser than John 
 
 bound 
 
 less 
 
96 
 
 GRAMMATICAL IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 The river was over flown 
 flowed 
 
 They were slew 
 slain 
 
 He was riz then 
 risen 
 
 They seeked every where 
 
 sought 
 It was shook to pieces 
 
 shaken 
 
 The horse was rid to death 
 ridden 
 
 It was done fair 
 fairly 
 
 He out growed his strength 
 out grew 
 
 It was took in a net 
 taken 
 
 I teached him myself 
 taught 
 
 The cock had crown 
 crowed 
 
 The stockings were knitted 
 knit 
 
 The fields are mowed 
 mown 
 
 The stone was wore away 
 worn 
 
 She wringed out the linen 
 
 We have wrote the letters 
 written 
 
 She sticked the pin into me 
 stuck 
 
 None of you cant open the 
 door can 
 
 The dog was stole away 
 stolen 
 
 He throwed him down 
 threw 
 
 The apple was took away 
 taken 
 
 Henry has fell down 
 fallen 
 
 The bird has forsook her 
 nest forsaken 
 
 I nave gave it to her 
 given 
 
 His head was clove in two 
 cloven 
 
 She was catched out 
 caught 
 
 The candle was blew out 
 blown 
 
 The mice was took 
 were taken 
 
 The scissors cut smooth 
 smoothly 
 
 Never calumniate nobody 
 anybody 
 
. 
 
 OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 97 
 
 He never goes nowhere 
 any where 
 
 She does'nt give me nothing 
 she gives 
 
 Who done this ? 
 did 
 
 Although he does it 
 do 
 
 Unless he is changed 
 be 
 
 If I was certain of it 
 were 
 
 Whether it is him or her 
 be he she 
 
 Would to god that it was so 
 were 
 
 Was I sure of the fact 
 were 
 
 You must come to I 
 me 
 
 The man to who I spoke 
 whom 
 
 Of who did you buy it ? 
 whom 
 
 The man what I saw 
 whom 
 
 The people what's got mo- 
 ney who have 
 
 I am the man who rules you 
 rule 
 
 The doctors is all gone 
 are 
 
 Age and honesty claims res- 
 pect claim 
 
 None of them stop here 
 stops 
 
 The parliament are dissolved 
 
 is 
 The ho use of commons were 
 refractory was 
 
 He done it hisself 
 did himself 
 
 From hence he imagined 
 omit from 
 
 They were drove to it 
 driven 
 
 He runned away from me 
 ran 
 
 She is wanted particular 
 particularly wanted 
 
 He lost a eye and a arm 
 
 an an 
 
 I an't a going home 
 I am not going 
 
 The wind blowed it 
 blew 
 
 Who did he go off with ? 
 with whom omit with 
 
 Where shall he go off from? 
 whence omit oft' fiom 
 
98 
 
 GRAMMATICAL IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 Who shall I copy off of? 
 from whom shall omit off of 
 
 Cover the meat over 
 
 omit over 
 
 He is interested as well as me 
 I 
 
 He lav lustily about him 
 laid 
 
 Is it not I you quarrel with? 
 ine 
 
 Who said so? me 
 
 I 
 
 Give me them things 
 those 
 
 I was laying down 
 
 lying- 
 He lied on the ground 
 lay 
 
 That coat's hizen 
 coat is his 
 
 Get them there snuffers 
 those 
 
 Bring them hare patterns 
 
 those 
 
 Let me set there 
 sit 
 
 Sit it down in the bill 
 set 
 
 The author of a many works 
 of many 
 
 I He lay the money down 
 laid 
 
 If you do do it 
 if you do it 
 
 He was runned over 
 run 
 
 They warn't there 
 were not 
 
 I daresent give it 
 
 dare not 
 It was all weared away 
 worn 
 
 That's the man as I saw 
 
 whom 
 
 This is the stick as I had 
 
 which 
 Had I have heard before ? 
 omit have 
 
 Had he have known it ? 
 omit have 
 
 Here's a man what's eighty 
 years old who is 
 
 Who with ? 
 th whom? 
 
 He's always agin me 
 against 
 
 Who to ? 
 to whom ? 
 
 Who did you fight with? 
 with whom omit with 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 99 
 
 I am going- to-morrow 
 shall go 
 
 He lives opposite me 
 opposite to 
 
 The book as I read 
 which 
 
 Who did you go to? 
 to whom omit to 
 
 He dqnt know 
 Hoes not 
 
 I hates all them as don't 
 
 hate who do not 
 
 She need'nt do it 
 needs not 
 
 I smuggd it 
 smuggled 
 
 You're offending of her 
 omit of 
 
 lfthoubeestthesonofGod? 
 be 
 
 He rose the rent 
 
 raised 
 
 Who should Ifind there but 
 whom George 
 
 Who ought I to want ? 
 whom 
 
 Who do you wish for? 
 for whom omit for 
 
 Who did he catch? 
 whom 
 
 She is the best of the two 
 better 
 
 Agreeable to his word 
 
 agreeably 
 She prevented him from 
 
 doing s* omit from 
 
 In a far more superior way 
 
 omit more 
 
 Whether or no 
 
 not 
 
 We lay no stress upon that 
 laid 
 
 It benefited neither you or I 
 nor me 
 
 Are neither of them the 
 is right one ? 
 
 No more shall you Sir 
 nor shall 
 
 You will get laughed at 
 be 
 
 He rid the horse 
 rode 
 
 I was properly did 
 done 
 
 The ship was loaded 
 laden 
 
 He lit the candles 
 lighted 
 
 It a"int finished 
 it is not 
 
wo 
 
 GRAMMATICAL IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 How many is there? 
 are 
 
 It is not you or me 
 nor I 
 
 I'll do it against next week 
 by 
 
 You are not so fat as me 
 I am 
 
 Let us be they 
 
 them 
 
 Let me be he 
 him 
 
 I thought it to be he 
 him 
 
 He gave it for to pay the 
 bill omit for 
 
 1 very near fell 
 nearly 
 
 Which be they ? 
 are 
 
 Will you do it or no? 
 not 
 
 It stank in his nostrils 
 stunk 
 
 Had I have done it 
 omit have 
 
 Had I have taken it 
 . omit have 
 
 Had I have not thought so 
 omit have 
 
 Had I have understood 
 omit have 
 
 It snew fast 
 snowed 
 
 Had I have wished 
 omit have 
 
 He is subject to the headach 
 subjected 
 
 I am a man which am a jew 
 who 
 
 The greatest of difficulties 
 omit of 
 
 Men such as him 
 he 
 
 Was I sure of it 
 were 
 
 There is but five 
 are 
 
 There isn't none 
 are 
 
 Well says I, so says he 
 said said 
 
 I does it often 
 do 
 
 He done it yesterday 
 did 
 
 What are you doing on ? 
 
 omit or 
 It lays dormant 
 lies 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 101 
 
 Bishopsgate and Aldgate is ancient entrances 
 are 
 
 I never see him not before now 
 saw omit not and nejw 
 
 Neither his father nor mother were mistook 
 was mistaken 
 
 The enemy retired from their works -* 
 his 
 
 My father and me intend:? going- to France 
 I intend to go 
 
 That was the man that did it 
 who 
 
 That is the dog whose master is so great a hunter 
 the master of which 
 
 The child went with he and she 
 him her 
 
 On the first of June next I shall be here three years 
 have been 
 
 Some of 'em doesn't know nothing 
 them know nothing- 
 
 I found him particular obliging 
 particularly 
 
 If he was able I know he would 
 were 
 
 Perseverance and industry overcomes difficulties 
 overcome 
 
 Repentance and amendment is profitable to mankind 
 are 
 
 That's that horse's master 
 
 the master of that horse 
 
102 GRAMMATICAL IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 That's her husband's sister's child 
 
 that's the child of the sister of her husband 
 My boy's father's cart 
 
 the cart of the father of my boy 
 I am the person who complains 
 complain 
 Neither passion nor fury avail 
 avails 
 
 Avarice and penury represses every good sentiment 
 repress 
 
 Neither respect nor submission produce any effect 
 produces 
 
 A house, a cart, and a table is inanimate 
 are 
 
 Every man and every woman are born 
 is 
 
 Either this party or that fall 
 falls 
 
 What a quantity of persons there are 
 is 
 
 From hence he pursued his journey 
 omit from 
 
 From thence he determined upon his future conduct 
 omit from 
 
 He has not signed it nor will not 
 he 
 
 I don't know so well a bred man 
 well bred a man 
 
 He depended upon her more than he 
 him 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE, 103 
 
 That is a dog of the butchers landlord's 
 landlord 
 
 That is a field of the squire's father's 
 father 
 
 That is a house of my father's tenant's 
 tenant 
 
 In future may we have more of order 
 
 more order 
 In a month we shall have one of the finest of armies 
 
 finest armies 
 
 Him and me was playing" 
 he I were 
 
 Has any one a knife in their pocket 
 his 
 
 The time was spent in mutual examining 
 mutually 
 
 One of the best books there are 
 is 
 
 What a quantity of ships there are 
 is 
 
 I should not have stopped while evening- but for having 
 been detained until 
 
 He looked at me very steadfast 
 steadfastly 
 
 I never rode so ill a going* horse 
 ill-going- a horse 
 
 You can do it just as well as me 
 I can 
 
 As if him or any man had a right to meddle 
 
 he 
 
104 GRAMMATICAL IMPROPRIETIES 
 
 Your having" done so renders the matter more difficult 
 
 you 
 
 Where neither frivolity nor selfishness have existence 
 
 has 
 
 It is you who makes him ridiculous 
 make 
 
 Adjoining that of the queen's 
 queen 
 
 By the king's ordering 
 
 king- 
 Any person may have it at their convenience 
 his 
 
 He was made a cats-paw of 
 
 omit of 
 
 He is more precise than them 
 they 
 
 She is in all respects better than him 
 he is 
 
 He is more intellectual than them 
 
 they are 
 
 You think him more virtuous than I am 
 than me 
 
 You were persuaded mare by her than they 
 
 them 
 
 I never saw so ill a painted picture 
 ill-painted a picture 
 
 He had an opportunity ef seeing of it 
 omit of 
 
 Tbe opinions of the wisest of men 
 omit of 
 
OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. lOo 
 
 You eat what you ought not to 
 
 to eat 
 
 The first person he addressed himself to 
 person to whom he omit to 
 
 Wisdom and gold is granted unto thee 
 are 
 
 I hav'nt saw him this week 
 have not seen 
 
 The man says to rae ; be off says he, so says I, I sharnt 
 said said said 
 
 says I, so says he 
 said said 
 
 What is the price of a marble slab whose length is 
 10 foot the length of which 
 
 feet 
 
 1 would not have any thing* that looks like enmity 
 between you and I 
 me 
 
 The Blenheim man of war took all her guns on board 
 ship its 
 
 -^.~ 
 
106 
 
 TAUTOLOGICAL PHRASES. 
 
 Amongst the improprieties of language the 
 use of more words than the sense requires 
 should be carefully avoided; these are de- 
 nominated pleonasms. — The repetition of the 
 same word is called tautology as "she screamed 
 a scream" the absurdity of which is self 
 evident. 
 
 The words printed in Italics in the following' sea- 
 fences are redundant and in speaking and writing- 
 should be omitted. 
 
 He returned back ten guineas 
 
 He soon returned back again 
 
 The constitution is founded on ^foundation 
 
 He's an ancient old fellow 
 
 The first original of the drama 
 
 They live in such an out of the way way 
 
 He is very insinuating in his manners 
 
TAUTOLOGICAL PHRASES. 1Q7 
 
 At the Jirst beginning 
 
 It projects out too much 
 
 I consulted him about my pecuniary finances 
 
 Be good enough to cover it over 
 
 She erased it out 
 
 He's quite a young youth 
 
 She again gained a prize 
 
 If in case we go 
 
 I will not do it at all 
 
 I have no time on my hands 
 
 He gave him a kick with his/oof 
 
 Those very words came from his mouth 
 
 The particles mutually adhere together 
 
 A great distance off 
 
 He fell down on the ground 
 
 She lifted it up 
 
 Will you though ? 
 
 I won't now 
 
 They stuck close together 
 
 He won't admit you in 
 
 Under the present existing circumstance* 
 
 You must put down the burning incendiaries 
 
 She cried all the whole day long 
 
 He shall offer it of his own voluntary will 
 
 To cause thee to hear it with thy ears 
 
 I always look prospectively forward 
 
108 TAUTOLOGICAL PHRASES 
 
 Well then you may take the other alternative 
 
 She has a little baby 
 
 Quite a young infant 
 
 I talked to him for some time in conversation 
 
 He is gone to combat iviih the French 
 
 To him the blame is imputed to 
 
 It was restored back 
 
 Go o^from the ground 
 
 Take it off of the dish 
 
 £7 17s. Qd. sterling 
 
 Of 4:1b. 4oz. weight each 
 
 The whole universal world 
 
 The latter end of his life 
 
 The line terminated at the end with a hook 
 
 Save Jesus only 
 
 And I only am escaped alone to tell 
 
 Their own reciprocal embroilments 
 
 It is incorporated in the body of the work 
 
 Turn the wheel round 
 
 He filled it too full 
 
 The gold usually made use of 
 
 They mutually complimented each other 
 
 We both met accordingly 
 
 He went the next week after 
 
 The first time 1 ever heard of that before 
 
 We entered in the room 
 
TAUTOLOGICAL PHRVSES. 109 
 
 She fell down on the floor 
 I saw it with my eyes 
 He was exalted up to the skies 
 She was cut all down the face 
 We arrived together at the same time 
 You struck him right over the head 
 It was an idea of the mind 
 The place was undermined 
 The downfall of Rome 
 Afflicted with the yellow jaundice 
 You are not any the forwarder 
 That is an unknown secret 
 Put it separately by itself 
 It is a true and real fact 
 Two single old maids 
 It wss plated with silver 
 They are connected one with another 
 Where in the world is he \ 
 Such pretty pictures you don't know 
 He knocked it right off 
 The moon hangs suspended in the air 
 She followed behind the party 
 He borrowed the loan of the book 
 A circuitous way round 
 That does not follow as a sequitur 
 Notwithstanding' the night we ddvancex] forward 
 
1 10 TAUTOLOGICAL PHRASES. 
 
 He vanished out of sight 
 
 They were terrified and affrighted 
 
 He recovered his illness 
 
 I went to a concert of music 
 
 He required auxiliary aid 
 
 First of all, last of all, most of all 
 
 They talked together for an hour 
 
 They loved each other mutually 
 
 He has done it for these several year* 
 
 He's a native born 
 
 1 know a friend of mine 
 
 James and Robert are tivo twins 
 
 Both you two must go 
 
 We had ocular demonstration before our eyes 
 
 A part of the Alkoran 
 
 They were united together 
 
 He prevented him from doing- it 
 
 I took to taking snuff two years ago 
 
 I did not go out all day long 
 
 Two strokes which General Washington soon 
 
 after struck 
 Thither winged with speed a numerous brigade 
 
 hastened 
 Not yet awhile 
 Take either one 
 He was raised up in life 
 
TAUTOLOGICAL PHRASES. Hi 
 
 They went down to the bottom 
 We moved slowly on 
 The dinner was served up 
 *fo all except him alone 
 We followed in pursuit 
 The houses fell down 
 He retired gently backwards 
 She is all alone by herself 
 There is no other alternative 
 He is a single unmarried man 
 We reiterated it repeatedly 
 It is returned again to the sea 
 The interior was gilt with gold 
 He cut it in two halves 
 She was surrounded by a circle of friends 
 He collected the whole army together 
 It was wmoosed 
 In order to be foloved 
 You are a London cockney 
 There is an open aperture 
 It is sufficiently high enough 
 They repeated it over again 
 It stood perpendicularly upright 
 Give a small trifle sir 
 I saw a little dwarf 
 
112 TAUTOLOGICAL PHRASES. 
 
 It is not above two months ago since he left 
 
 Some rays of light are inflected inwards 
 
 She dreamt such a dream 
 
 It was propelled forward 
 
 A single individual person 
 
 I mentioned it to you in conversation 
 
 How do you do ? 
 
 I am very, well in health 
 
 He threw the ball up in the air 
 
 She is deranged in her intellects 
 
 The sun shines so bright 
 
 I will engrave the engraving 
 
 She is very well herself 
 
 On what do you do it on 
 
113 
 
 The following list contains a number of 
 words having the same orthography, but 
 which for the purpose of implying a different 
 sense change the accentuation. To those who 
 would read and speak well, a particular atten- 
 tion to them is of importance. 
 
 absent 
 
 absent 
 
 concord 
 
 concord 
 
 abstract 
 
 abstract 
 
 c5ncrete 
 
 concrete 
 
 accent 
 
 accent 
 
 conduct 
 
 conduct 
 
 advertise- "1 
 ment J 
 
 advertise 
 
 conference 
 confine 
 
 confer 
 confine 
 
 affix 
 
 affix 
 
 conflict 
 
 conflict 
 
 attribute 
 
 attribute 
 
 cSnjure 
 
 conjure 
 
 augment 
 
 augment 
 
 consort 
 
 consort 
 
 august 
 
 august, adj. 
 
 cdnserve 
 
 conserve 
 
 blasphemy 
 
 blaspheme 
 
 consult 
 
 consult 
 
 chastisement chastise 
 
 cdntest 
 
 contest 
 
 collect 
 
 collect 
 
 contract 
 
 contract 
 
 colleague 
 
 colleague 
 
 converse 
 
 converge 
 
 comment 
 
 comment 
 
 convert 
 
 convert 
 
 eompact 
 
 compact 
 
 convict 
 
 convict 
 
 compound 
 
 compound 
 
 convey 
 
 convey 
 
 concert 
 
 concert 
 
 descant 
 
 descent 
 
114 
 
 desert 
 
 desert 
 
 po-lish, adj 
 
 pol-ish 
 
 dfgest 
 
 digest 
 
 precedent 
 
 precede 
 
 envelope 
 
 envelope 
 
 prefix 
 
 prefix 
 
 environ 
 
 environ 
 
 premises 
 
 premise 
 
 escort 
 
 escort 
 
 present 
 
 present 
 
 essay 
 
 essay 
 
 president 
 
 preside 
 
 exempt 
 
 exempt 
 
 produce 
 
 produce 
 
 exile 
 
 exile 
 
 project 
 
 project 
 
 export 
 
 export 
 
 protest 
 
 protest 
 
 extract 
 
 extract 
 
 put (as but 
 
 put (as foot) 
 
 ferment 
 
 ferment 
 
 rebel . 
 
 rebel 
 
 frequent adj. frequent 
 
 record 
 
 record 
 
 gallant adj. gallant s. 
 
 refuse 
 
 refuse 
 
 Import 
 
 import 
 
 subject 
 
 subject 
 
 insult 
 
 insult" 
 
 survey 
 
 survey 
 
 Invalid 
 
 invalid, adj. 
 
 tSrment 
 
 torment 
 
 minute 
 
 minute, adj. 
 
 transfer 
 
 transfer 
 
 object 
 
 object 
 
 transport 
 
 transport 
 
 perfume 
 
 perfume 
 
 unit 
 
 unite 
 
 permit 
 
 permit 
 
 use 
 
 use (uze) 
 
115 
 
 ASPIRATION OF H. 
 
 Some writers have excluded h from being 
 a letter at all: others in imitation of the 
 Greeks have determined it to be only an as- 
 pirate — Whether this question will ever be 
 settled or how long it will entertain dispute it 
 is impossible to foresee — about a century and 
 a half ago when an invariably preceded it 
 we find in an old grammar 
 
 "H,tho' deny'd a letter heretofore, 
 We justly to the alphabet restore. 
 
 As we see no necessity for its use in many 
 cases and no authority for its disuse in others, 
 we recommend a sole regard to euphony a a 
 the guide, and conclude with the following 
 recommendation. 
 
 Let h no colloquy debar 
 
 Let future trifling cease 
 
 The stage, the pulpit, and the bar 
 
 May use it as they please. 
 
 Readings in which an precedes the letter H. 
 
 An habiliment of scarlet 
 An habitual thing 
 An habitually pursued cus- 
 tom 
 
 Deluded by an hallucination 
 He made an harangue' 
 An harmonical sound 
 An harmonious melody 
 
116 
 
 ASPIRATION OF K. 
 
 An harmoniously arranged 
 
 meeting 
 An hebdomadal i 
 Anhebdoinadary} account 
 An heir and an heiress 
 An heirless father 
 The estate is an heirship 
 An heliacal calculation 
 A n heliocentric observation 
 An hemispherical section 
 He has an hemorrhage 
 An hepatical disease 
 An heptarchical division 
 An herb of much virtue 
 An herbaceous meadow 
 An herbage wholesome and 
 
 flourishing 
 Have you an herbal 
 He is an herbalist 
 An herby taste 
 An hereditable revenue 
 An hereditament in rever- 
 sion 
 An hereditary claim 
 An heretical creed 
 
 It fell to him as an heritage 
 
 Concerning an heim aphro- 
 dite 
 An hermetic operation 
 
 An hermeticallv sealed bot- 
 tle 
 He lives like an hermit 
 There is an hermitage 
 Secluded as an herraitess 
 An heroical act 
 An heroically maintained 
 
 battle 
 She behaved like an heroine 
 There was an heroism 
 
 about him 
 An herpetieal eruption 
 There was an hesitatio* 
 An heteroclite noun 
 An heterodox opinion 
 An heterogeneal family 
 Of an heterogeneous kini 
 Of an hexagon shape 
 An hpxagonal figure 
 An hexameter verse 
 An hiation seized us 
 Au hiatus is unavoidable 
 
ASPIRATION Of M. 
 
 117 
 
 An hibernal cough 
 An hierarch is the chief 
 An hierarchy is priestly 
 An hieroglyphic is a sign 
 An hieroglyphical emblem 
 We possessed an hilarity 
 It is an hinderance to us 
 Hume is an historian 
 An historical fact 
 An historically staled fact 
 
 Smollet is an historiogra- 
 pher 
 An histrionic performance 
 An hodiernal account 
 An homage to the King 
 An homogeneous principle 
 An homonymous term 
 An homofonous quantity 
 An honest man 
 
 An .honestly determined 
 matter 
 
 An honesty highly praise- 
 worthy 
 
 It was an honour 
 An honourably contested 
 argument 
 
 An honorable man 
 An horal indicator 
 An horary circle 
 An horizon terminates 
 An horizontal wheel 
 A clock is an horologe 
 He projected an horoscope 
 An horrific detail 
 He made an hortation 
 An hortative discourse 
 He is an hosier 
 An hospitable family 
 He went to an hospital 
 An hospitality unbounded 
 Received an hostage 
 An hostile meeting 
 An hostility insuperable 
 An hostler at the inn 
 An hourglass is wanted 
 An hourly expectation 
 An humble behaviour 
 An humbly beseeching- 
 prayer 
 He was an hussar 
 Send me an hyacinth 
 
118 
 
 ASPIRATION OF H. 
 
 An hyaline or crystalline 
 An hydraulical instrument 
 An hydrocephalus humour 
 An hydrometer is used 
 An hydropical disorder 
 An hydrostatical engine 
 An hymeneal ceremony 
 By an hypallage 
 An hyperbolical compli- 
 ment 
 
 What is an hyperbole? 
 An hyperborean blast 
 An hypnotic medicament 
 An hypocrisy unpardonable 
 An hypocritical meanness 
 Relative to an hypostasis 
 An hypostatical union 
 Pounded on an hypothesis 
 An hypothetical argument 
 An hysterical affection 
 
 That an was indiscriminately used may be seen 
 by the following references: 
 
 An haughty bear, Spect76. 
 An hundred, ib. 
 
 An habit, ib. 79. 
 
 An high place, Rob. India, 
 
 sec. 2. 
 An history in dialogue, ib. 
 
 app. 
 An healing, Gibbon, D. & 
 
 F 12 3. 
 An hero, ib. \2, 353. 
 An hostile people, ib, 10, 
 
 137. 
 An holy life, ib. 243. 
 An hasty decline, ib. 245, 
 An horse, ib. 2, 403. 
 
 So might an hand, Wott* 
 
 on Learn, p. 2, 94. 
 An humble, Gibb. D. & F. 
 
 2, 407. 
 Not so much perdition as 
 
 an hair, Temp. a. I , s. 5 
 
 In the Bible, an stands be- 
 fore every word beginning 
 witb h and in other works of 
 a century back it may be 
 found similarly placed, as the 
 above examples illustrate* 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Abate . .. 18 
 
 Abdomen 38 
 
 Abed 77 
 
 Abominable 45 
 
 Accelerated ...... 47 
 
 Accept 71 
 
 Acceptable 8 
 
 Accessary 8 
 
 Accident 40 
 
 Accommodation .. 62 
 
 A ccomplice 76 
 
 Accordingly .... 30 
 
 Accuracy 8 
 
 Achebone 64 
 
 Aches 35 
 
 Acme 57 
 
 Actor 12 
 
 Acute 51 
 
 Addition 73 
 
 Adherent 69 
 
 Administrator .... 77 
 
 Admiralty ...... 8 
 
 Advantage 34 
 
 Adversary 59 
 
 Advertise 25 
 
 Advertisement .. 31 
 
 Aerial 26 
 
 Afraid,,., 16,58,76 
 
 After 59 
 
 Again 10,67 
 
 Against 44 
 
 Aggrandisement . 76 
 
 Aisle 59 
 
 Ajar 60 
 
 Alienated .... 45, 49 
 
 Alleviated 65 
 
 Allies 59 
 
 Almonry 64 
 
 Almost 36 
 
 Alternate 51 
 
 Alternately ...... 43 
 
 Altitude 4, 24 
 
 Ameliorated .... 55 
 
 Amenable 59 
 
 Amputated 53 
 
 Anatomised 10 
 
 Anatomy 20 
 
 Ancients 54 
 
 Anecdotes 68 
 
 Animation 48 
 
 Annihilated 58 
 
 Anniversary .... 42 
 
 Anointed 23 
 
 Anonymous .... 83 
 
 Ante 25 
 
 Antipodes ...... 45 
 
120 
 
 Apostles 46 
 
 Apothecary 40 
 
 Apostrophe 16 
 
 Apotheosis 42 
 
 Apparent .... 10, 27 
 
 Applicable 45 
 
 Apprentice 64 
 
 Apricots 54 
 
 Apron 67 
 
 Aquafortis 54 
 
 Arabic 62 
 
 Arbitrary 45 
 
 Archipelago 55 
 
 Architecture .... 26 
 
 Archives 54 
 
 Area 9 
 
 Argues 15 
 
 Arsenal 68 
 
 As .44 
 
 Ask 69 
 
 Asked 4 
 
 Asks 28 
 
 Asparagus 22 
 
 Aspect 21 
 
 Assets 78 
 
 Asseveration .... 82 
 
 Assizes 61 
 
 Assortment 66 
 
 Astraddle 13 
 
 At 47 
 
 Athens 14 
 
 Attack 61 
 
 Attacked .... 29, 37 
 
 Attainted 51 
 
 Avenue 47 
 
 Audacious 22 
 
 Audacity 47, 68 
 
 Aught 59 
 
 August 69 
 
 Aunt 34 
 
 Auxiliary 82 
 
 Awkward 50 
 
 Baby 42 
 
 Bachelor 15 
 
 Bade 57 
 
 Baffled 10 
 
 Bagnio 78 
 
 Bailiff 33 
 
 Balusters 54 
 
 Banbury 68 
 
 Baronet 66 
 
 Basilicon 77 
 
 Basting 10 
 
 Bayonet 44 
 
 Be" 22 
 
 Bear 69 
 
 Beasts 40 
 
 Beat 59, 62 
 
 Beaten 67 
 
 Beatiner 49 
 
 Beatitude 60 
 
 Beetle 38 
 
 Before 59 
 
 Behove 72 
 
 Bellerophou .... 51 
 
 Belligerent , . 77 
 
121 
 
 Bellows 63 
 
 Benumbed 48 
 
 Berkshire 11 
 
 Berwick 66 
 
 Bestial ... 32 
 
 Betrothed 51 
 
 Better 62 
 
 Bile 4 
 
 Biography 58 
 
 Birmingham .... 17 
 
 Blab 27 
 
 Biackmoor 23 
 
 Blancmange .... 76 
 
 Blasphemous .... 20 
 
 Blessed /0 
 
 Boil 3,57 
 
 Boiling 11 
 
 Boisterous 53 
 
 Bold 82 
 
 Bole ammonia. .. . 3 
 
 Bologna 54 
 
 Bona fide 59 
 
 Bon citoyen 51 
 
 Bones 76 
 
 Bosom ........ 38 
 
 Both 34 
 
 Bowels 53 
 
 Bowl 11 
 
 Bowler 7 
 
 Braees ... 10 
 
 Bran ... .„ 41 
 
 Breeches . . . 26 
 
 ©rick dust 82 
 
 Brigand 55 
 
 Bristles 51 
 
 Brocoli 55 
 
 Broiled 49 
 
 Burgundy 7 
 
 Burial ..'.... 25, 70 
 
 Burnt 3 
 
 Burst 10, 41 
 
 Cetera ....... 8 
 
 Calculated 33 
 
 Calf 23 77 
 
 Call 29 
 
 Calrary . . 56 
 
 Cancer' ........ 77 
 
 Canonization .... 5*2 
 
 Capacity .-,...,.-. 68 
 
 Caprice 76 
 
 Care 70 
 
 Carrion 7 
 
 Carneying 77 
 
 Carousal 33 
 
 Cataract 68 
 
 Catastrophe 44 
 
 Catch 12, 61 
 
 Catherine 69 
 
 Caught 10,70 
 
 Cauterised 57 
 
 Cautious 50 
 
 Celery 20 
 
 Cedent 37 
 
 Century .. 51 
 
 Ceremony 6 
 
 Certainly .... 22, 57 
 
122 
 
 Chagrin 25 
 
 Chair 4 
 
 Chaise 7, 15, 55 
 
 Chaldron 47 
 
 Champignons .... 77 
 
 Chandelier 44 
 
 Changed 72 
 
 Chaos 9 
 
 Chapped 29 
 
 Chaps 17,77 
 
 Charing 23 
 
 Chariot 28 
 
 Charter 12 
 
 Charwoman .... 27 
 
 Chasm 12 
 
 Chastisement .... 7 
 
 Cheated 78 
 
 Cheesecake 63 
 
 Cherub 8 
 
 Chess 13 
 
 Chew 76 
 
 Chicanery 57 
 
 Chicken 42 
 
 Chimera 55 
 
 Chimney ........ 15 
 
 China 16 
 
 China aster 36 
 
 Chinese 73 
 
 Chirped 17 
 
 Choir 7,60 
 
 Chokeful 76 
 
 Choleric 47 
 
 Christians 53 
 
 Chucked 23 
 
 Churl 12 
 
 Chyle 4 
 
 Cieling 33 
 
 Circuitous 72 
 
 Circulation 59 
 
 Circumstance . . 33, 43 
 
 Cistern 73 
 
 Cited 76 
 
 Citoyen 51 
 
 Clandestine .... 45 
 
 Cleanly 31 
 
 Clef 83 
 
 Clergy 4i 
 
 Clerk 35 
 
 Climacteric 44 
 
 Climbed 10 
 
 Coadjutor 41 
 
 Coalesced 78 
 
 Coalition 62 
 
 Cochineal 18 
 
 Cock 30 
 
 Codicil 48 
 
 Cognizance ...... 8 
 
 Com 36 
 
 Collation 79 
 
 Col leaguing .. 20 
 
 Combat 44 
 
 Comfits 83 
 
 Comical 64 
 
 Commenting .... 12 
 
 Committee 41 
 
 Commonalty .... 7 
 
123 
 
 Compass 78 
 
 Component 83 
 
 Compromise .... 27 
 
 Compulsory .... 46 
 
 Concern 3 
 
 Concert 21 
 
 Conciliatory . . . . 53 
 
 Concourse 14 
 
 Concurred 51 
 
 Conduct 4 
 
 Conjecture 41 
 
 Consistory 39 
 
 Consols " 60 
 
 Consort ........ 51 
 
 Conspicuous .... 58 
 
 Conspiracy 32 
 
 Construe 27 
 
 Contact 49 
 
 Contemptuous. ... 44 
 
 Contiguous . . 16, 17 
 
 Continental 72 
 
 Contrary 19 
 
 Contrast 31 
 
 Controversy .... 31 
 
 Contumacy 14 
 
 Conversant 8 
 
 Convulsed 72 
 
 Convulsive 64 
 
 Cope 59 
 
 Coral 12 
 
 Corant 77 
 
 Cordial 53 
 
 Cornice >. 37 
 
 Corollary 71 
 
 Coroner 51 
 
 Coronation .... 34 
 
 Corps 30 
 
 Cos 35 
 
 Cotemporary .... 53 
 
 Covent 4 
 
 Cover 15 
 
 Covetous 71 
 
 Courier 33 
 
 Courtesy .... i3, 38 
 Creature 4 
 
 C= edible .. 13 
 
 Cresses 44 
 
 Cress 73 
 
 Crowding 17 
 
 Croydoir. ..... 20 
 
 Crushed .. .. . 23 
 
 Crystal /. 31 
 
 Cucumber . . .. 
 Curiosity ,..,., 
 Currants , , . 1.0, 16 
 Cursed 
 
 Cursorily 66 
 
 Cutlass 4 
 
 Dare 60 
 
 Darling 38 
 
 Daughter 16 
 
 Daunted 70 
 
 Debauchee /I 
 
 Debut 33 
 
 Decisive 13 
 
 Deep 49 
 
121 
 
 Degrade 51 
 
 Demesne 13 
 
 Demise 48 
 
 Deposed CO 
 
 Depot 72 
 
 Deputy 79 
 
 Derhv 11 
 
 Deserved.. ...... 15 
 
 Design 7 
 
 Despicable.. .. 43, 73 
 
 Desultory 40 
 
 Deteriorated .... 47 
 
 Determined .... 47 
 
 Devoured .S3 
 
 Dew 37 
 
 Diameter 64 
 
 Diamond 3 
 
 Dictionary ....... 60 
 
 Diphthong- 12 
 
 Disadvantageous 49 
 
 Disappointed .... 33 
 
 Dislocated 48 
 
 Distich 13 
 
 Distraint 53 
 
 Docile 70 
 
 Do 45 
 
 Doit . 79 
 
 Dome 21 
 
 Done 70 
 
 Dover ...... 68 
 
 Doubtful 17 
 
 .Draught 14 
 
 Drawer.: ....,.., 70 
 
 Drawing- . , . 14 
 
 Dregs 62, 77 
 
 Drew 64 
 
 Drove 23, 33 
 
 Drought 62 
 
 Drown 33 
 
 Dubious 16 
 
 Duplicate 72 
 
 Dynasty 59 
 
 Dv sentry 56 
 
 Early ." 72 
 
 Earned 68 
 
 Earnest 7 
 
 Eating 29, 37 
 
 Echo 53 
 
 Eclat 30 
 
 Economic SO 
 
 Edge 23 
 
 Educated 29, 31 
 
 E'en 50 
 
 Effectually 20 
 
 Effluvium' 3 
 
 Egg 33 
 
 Egotist 41 
 
 Either 18, 69 
 
 Elecampane 17 
 
 Electuary 57 
 
 Elegiac 64 
 
 Eligible 59 
 
 Elm 34 
 
 Else 15 
 
 Emaciated 67 
 
 Embroidered .... 53 
 
125 
 
 Embroil 71 
 
 Employment .... 63 
 
 Empty 3, 50 
 
 Empyrean 30 
 
 Encore 13 
 
 Endive 4 
 
 Enervated 57 
 
 Engines 38 
 
 Engrosses 49 
 
 Enigma 48 
 
 Enjoys 70 
 
 Enlisted 31 
 
 Ensuring 28 
 
 Entangled 70 
 
 Enthusiasm 34 
 
 Enticed 21 
 
 Entire 80 
 
 Envelope 9 
 
 Environned .... 43 
 
 Environs 62 
 
 Epoch 69 
 
 Epaulettes 40 
 
 Epitome 25 
 
 Equitable 30 
 
 Equivocate 66 
 
 Ere 50 
 
 Errand 9 
 
 Eructate 28 
 
 Esplenade 68 
 
 Esquire 11 
 
 Et cjetera 8, 5S 
 
 Ethics 24 
 
 Eulogium 65 
 
 Euphrates 61 
 
 European 14 
 
 Events 54 
 
 Ev'n 50 
 
 Ewe 69 
 
 Exaggerated .... 7 
 
 Excoriated 66 
 
 Excursion 58 
 
 Executor 48 
 
 Exemplary 45 
 
 Exhibition 33 
 
 Exquisite 66 
 
 Extempore 29 
 
 Extolled 32 
 
 Extraordinary . . 38 
 
 Fabric 28 
 
 Failure 43 
 
 Falconer 66 
 
 Falmouth 49 
 
 Familiar 62 
 
 Fanatics 45 
 
 Fantastical 13 
 
 Far 24 
 
 Farina 37 
 
 Farthing 4 
 
 Fast 70, 76 
 
 Favours 61 
 
 Fraid 52 
 
 Fear 16 
 
 Features 26 
 
 February 12 
 
 Fermented ...... 39 
 
126 
 
 Fetched 6, 51 
 
 Fetid 78 
 
 Fierce 76 
 
 Fifth 11 
 
 Finances 41 
 
 Finis . ; 78 
 
 Firmament 66 
 
 First 66 
 
 Fixtures 28 
 
 Flagrant 44 
 
 Flambeaux 69 
 
 Flannel 32 
 
 Flap 81 
 
 Fioor 51 
 
 Formidable 5 
 
 Fortuitously .... 69 
 
 Fortune 65 
 
 Forward 59 
 
 Fought 28, 67 
 
 Foundling 30 
 
 Fracas 50 
 
 Franchise 31 
 
 Free 28 
 
 Freight 82 
 
 Frenetic 47 
 
 Frequenter 70 
 
 Frequents 40 
 
 Full to 52 
 
 Fumigated 52 
 
 Furredged ...... 66 
 
 Further 50 
 
 Fuss 55 
 
 Future 29 
 
 Gala 81 
 
 Galleon 75 
 
 Gape 12 
 
 Garden 37 
 
 Gargle 42 
 
 Garrick . . 49 
 
 Gasconade 66, 77 
 
 Gather ...... 42, 43 
 
 Gave 76 
 
 Genealogy 68 
 
 General 72 
 
 Generally 47 
 
 Genii 37 
 
 Genoese 46 
 
 Geometry ...... 51 
 
 Geranium 40 
 
 German 60 
 
 Gestures 63 
 
 Get 52 
 
 Ghost 20 
 
 Ghastly 7 
 
 Gibberish 42 
 
 Girl 56 
 
 Girlish 66 
 
 Girth 68 
 
 Gist 48 
 
 Give 26 5 65 
 
 Gold 32 
 
 Gondola 77 
 
 Good 15 
 
 Government .... 44 
 Gourd 20 
 
127 
 
 Gown . .. . 15 
 
 Gradatory 46 
 
 Gradually.... 62, 76 
 
 Grammar 12, 83 
 
 Granary 59 
 
 Grass 79 
 
 Gratis 3, 72 
 
 Grenadiers 44 
 
 Gridiron l4 
 
 Grievous 66 
 
 Groat 26 
 
 Groundsel 56 
 
 Guernsey 61 
 
 Guildhall 8 
 
 Guile 53 
 
 Guillotined 42 
 
 Gust 67 
 
 Guttural 62 
 
 Gymnastics. ..... 32 
 
 Habeas corpus . . 13 
 
 Hagnail 76 
 
 Halfpence 4 
 
 Halfpenny 7 
 
 Handkerchief 15, 27,31 
 
 Hansel 13 
 
 Halloo 21, 53 
 
 Hamburg- 79 
 
 Haphazard ...... 57 
 
 Harlequin 17 
 
 Harsh 28 
 
 Hasp 31 
 
 Haunch 4 
 
 Haunted 13 
 
 Heard 11,40 
 
 Heaved 12 
 
 Heft 3 
 
 Height 29, 33 
 
 Heighten ...... 36 
 
 Heinous 49 
 
 Held,.. 58 
 
 Helots 82 
 
 Her 21 
 
 Herculean ...... 55 
 
 Hereditary 13 
 
 Hermaphrodite . . 67 
 
 Herrings 72 
 
 Hideous 10 
 
 Highlander 23 
 
 Highlands 23 
 
 Him 15 
 
 Hindmost 24 
 
 Hint 20, 40 
 
 His 21 
 
 Hit 34 
 
 Hogshead 25 
 
 Hold 8, 65 
 
 Holy 21 
 
 Hoist 50 
 
 Horizon 7 
 
 Hovered 46 
 
 How 22 
 
 However 20 
 
 Humorous ...... 21 
 
 Hustings. ....... 33 
 
128 
 
 Hyde 50 
 
 Hyperbole 13 
 
 Hvperborean .... 71 
 
 Idea 9 
 
 Illness 71 
 
 Immediately .... 53 
 
 Immense 38 
 
 Impeached S4 
 
 Impetus 72 
 
 Implement 15 
 
 Impolite 5/ 
 
 Importance 43 
 
 Importuned 52 
 
 Impossible 14 
 
 Impotent 47 
 
 Imprimis 68 
 
 Improper 64 
 
 Improvement .... 79 
 
 Imprudent ' 64 
 
 Imputed 25 
 
 Incapable 39 
 
 Incendiaries .... 69 
 Incomparable .... 32 
 Iucongruous .... 75 
 Inconveniency. .... 34 
 Inconvenient .... 11 
 Ineontrovertibly. . 37 
 Indecorously ... - 60 
 
 India . . . ." 7 
 
 India rubber .... 13 
 
 Indicted 71 
 
 Indies 24 
 
 Indisputable .... 44 
 
 Industry 5 
 
 Inexorable 48 
 
 Infinitum 31 
 
 Inherent 30 
 
 Iniquity 37 
 
 Initials 61 
 
 Injurious 48 
 
 Insinuating 1 61 
 
 Insists 28 
 
 Instead 72 
 
 Instep 42 
 
 Insult 45 
 
 Interference .... 32 
 Interpolation .... 67 
 
 Intoxicated 20 
 
 Inveigled 17 
 
 Inventory 64 
 
 Ipse dixit 42 
 
 Irascible 51 
 
 Iron 38 
 
 Irony 44 
 
 Irrelevant 29 
 
 Irreparable 40 
 
 Irrevocable 75 
 
 Isolated 46 
 
 Item 20 
 
 Jalap 33 
 
 January 12 
 
 Jerk 33 
 
 Jaundice 66 
 
 Jaunt 66 
 
 Jeopardy 58 
 
 Join ." 24 
 
129 
 
 Joiner 24 
 
 Joint 24 
 
 Jonquil 36 
 
 Juncture 25 
 
 Just 11, 18 
 
 Kennel 11 
 
 Ketchup 34 
 
 Kettle 42 
 
 Kiln 51 
 
 Know 43 
 
 Knowledge 52 
 
 Koran 83 
 
 Laboratory 72 
 
 Udder 14 
 
 Lamentable 6 
 
 Lamentation .... 10 
 
 Lather 58 
 
 Launch 9 
 
 Laundry 59 
 
 Laughter 61 
 
 Leaden 65 
 
 Leaped 43 
 
 Learned .... 41?, 68 
 
 Least 34 
 
 Leave 46, 49 
 
 Lecture 79 
 
 Ledge 50 
 
 Leg-ate 18 
 
 Legends 31 
 
 Leisure 41 
 
 Length 57 
 
 Let 50 
 
 Libertine 62 
 
 Led...... 50 
 
 Lie 50 
 
 Lief 42, 80 
 
 Lien 80 
 
 Lieutenant 40 
 
 Lifeguard 60 
 
 Lightsome 48 
 
 Lighted 22 
 
 Like 43 
 
 Lilac 22 
 
 Lineaments 48 
 
 Liquid 52 
 
 Liquidated 79 
 
 Liquorice 14 
 
 Literature 23 
 
 Litharge 23 
 
 Little 18 
 
 Livelihood 23 
 
 Livelong 53 
 
 Loamy 21 
 
 Loathe 18, 26 
 
 Loins 6 
 
 Loiter 47 
 
 London 21 
 
 Look 23 
 
 Lover 19 
 
 Ludicrous 10 
 
 Lukewarm 3 
 
 Lunatic 46 
 
 Lunge 80 
 
 Lustful 71 
 
 Luxnrv 63 
 
130 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Lying 61 
 
 Lying 1 in 4 
 
 Machinations 14, 46 
 
 Mackerel 57 
 
 Made 54 
 
 Madrid 72 
 
 Magistrate 27 
 
 Magnesia 80 
 
 Mahomet 14 
 
 Maintenance .... 34 
 
 Malcontents .... 24 
 
 Manes 65 
 
 Manger 29 
 
 Mandamus 43 
 
 Marbles 29 
 
 Margin 20 
 
 Maritime 41 
 
 Marrowfats .... 82 
 
 Marsh ' 61 
 
 Marshes 46 
 
 Marshmallows .. 18 
 
 Mass 61 
 
 Masses 61 
 
 Mascnline 18 
 
 Massacre 4 
 
 Masticate . . • 28 
 
 Matron 5 
 
 Matter 21,73 
 
 Mayoralty 49 
 
 Mausoleum 52 
 
 Means 43 
 
 Medicine 4,51 
 
 Melancholy. . ;; . 27 
 
 Memoirs 68 
 
 Memorandnm .... 68 
 
 Menagerie 59 
 
 Mercantile ...... 3 
 
 Merchandize .... 66 
 
 Merchant 14 
 
 Mermaid 18 
 
 Meshes 71 
 
 Messages 63 
 
 Mews 16 
 
 Mezzotint 65 
 
 Milan .. 72 
 
 Military 39 
 
 Mind 11 
 
 Miniature . 69 
 
 Minuet 50 
 
 Minutiae 80 
 
 Miracle 14 
 
 Misanthropist .... 39 
 
 Miscellany 59 
 
 Mischierous .... 97 
 
 Miscreant 26 
 
 Miss of 28 
 
 Mistress 59 
 
 Mixture 62 
 
 Moan 68 
 
 Moist 30 
 
 Moisten 71 
 
 Molest 19 
 
 Momentous 41 
 
 Monarchical .... 43 
 
 Monumeut 62 
 
 More nor ....... 16 
 
131 
 
 Mortgaged 96 
 
 Mountainous .... 14 
 
 Mulatto 58 
 
 Mummy 72 
 
 Murky 79 
 
 Muscovy 61 
 
 Musician 17 
 
 Mutinied 58 
 
 Mutual 70 
 
 Nankeen 69 
 
 National ........ 4 
 
 Nature 4 
 
 Natural 30 
 
 Necessitated .... 14 
 
 Negotiation .... 47 
 
 Negro 51 
 
 Neither 31 
 
 Nephew 31 
 
 Never a one . . 8, 10 
 
 New one 16 
 
 Newfoundland . . 47 
 
 Nominative .... 4 
 
 Nonpareil 46 
 
 Nonplus 61 
 
 Nonplussed 20 
 
 Nothing 40 
 
 Notorious 23 
 
 Nought 57 
 
 Nowhere 59 
 
 Nutriture 56 
 
 Objection 64 
 
 Oblige 54 
 
 Obligated 5 
 
 Obligatory 44 
 
 Obstacle 23 
 
 Obstreperous .... 15 
 
 Occasion 50 
 
 Off 77 
 
 Oil 37 
 
 Ointment 3 
 
 Once 12 
 
 One 63 
 
 On 'em 63 
 
 Onions 20 
 
 On us 58 
 
 On you 49 
 
 Ophthalmia 5 
 
 Ophthalmist .... 67 
 
 Opodeldoc 79 
 
 Opponent 43 
 
 Opportune .. 18,65 
 
 Optional 82 
 
 Oratorios 46 
 
 Orchestra 40 
 
 Ordeal 78 
 
 Ordinary 47 
 
 Ordnance.. ...... 32 
 
 Oriental 41 
 
 Orion 46 
 
 Orisons 35 
 
 Orleau 50 
 
 Ornament 65 
 
 Ostler 81 
 
 Other 18, 40 
 
 Otto 7 
 
 Overplus 78 
 
132 
 
 Ought to 31 
 
 Ours 22 
 
 Owing- 64 
 
 Ovsters 23 
 
 Pacific 68 
 
 Pageantry ...... 60 
 
 Papists * 89 
 
 Pantonine 27 
 
 Paralytic. .... . 18 
 
 Paragraph ...... 20 
 
 Parentage ...... 70 
 
 Parings 38 
 
 Parochial 50 
 
 Parse 75 
 
 Particular 72 
 
 Partition ...... J 5 
 
 Partner .46 
 
 Partnership .... 83 
 
 Patent 34, 41 
 
 Pater 83 
 
 Pathetic .... 32, 54 
 
 Patron 5, 83 
 
 Patriot 38 
 
 Patrole 37 
 
 Paunch 68 
 
 Pealed 57 
 
 Peas 60 
 
 Pedant 27 
 
 Pedigree 50 
 
 Pelt 37 
 
 Penal 49 
 
 Peninsula 77 
 
 Percentage ...... 73 
 
 Perceptible 55 
 
 Peremptory .... 25 
 
 Performed 68 
 
 Peril 61 
 
 Permit 67 
 
 Perpetually 76 
 
 Perquisites 31 
 
 Periwinkle . 4 
 
 Perseverance .... 60 
 
 Persists 31 
 
 Perspiration . . 25, 42 
 
 Pert 16 
 
 Perverse 3, 37 
 
 Perusal 22 
 
 Petersburg 79 
 
 Phaeton 15 
 
 Phalanx 83 
 
 Phenomenon .... 44 
 Phvsiognomy .... 48 
 Philanthropies . . 55 
 
 Phlegm 35 
 
 Phlegmatic 37 
 
 Physician 17 
 
 Pickaback 73 
 
 Picture 65 
 
 Piece 80 
 
 Pilloried 49 
 
 Pillow 72 
 
 Pincers 42 
 
 Pinchbeck 42 
 
 Pincushion 34 
 
 Piracy 48 
 
 Pith 38 
 
133 
 
 Pivot 39 
 
 Plaid 28 
 
 Plaintiff ... 52,78 
 
 Plait 42 
 
 Plaited 42 
 
 Plagiarism 25 
 
 Plagiarist 23 
 
 Platina 69 
 
 Player 12 
 
 Pleasure 11 
 
 Plebeian . . 28 
 
 Pleiades 78 
 
 Plumb 63 
 
 Plumped 17 
 
 Poached 12 
 
 Poignant . * 53 
 
 Point . . 9, 2a 
 
 Poised . . 54 
 
 Poison 28 
 
 Police 40 
 
 Polygamy 53 
 
 Portent 17 
 
 Portmanteau .... 31 
 
 Portsmouth 34 
 
 Portugal .... 19 
 
 Portuguese 40 
 
 Posts 18 
 
 Postponed . ... 21 
 
 Potatoes 21 
 
 Potentates 40 
 
 Pour 72 
 
 Practises 8 
 
 Precedent 31 
 
 Precedence 56 
 
 Precipitate 48 
 
 Preclude 32 
 
 Premature 4 
 
 Premises ........ 42 
 
 Prepense 48 
 
 Prerogative 46 
 
 Presage 22 
 
 Presumptuous. ... 44 
 
 Pretext 69 
 
 Privacy » 44 
 
 Profile 76 
 
 Process . .. 48 
 
 Procession 34 
 
 Prodigy 15 
 
 Progress 65 
 
 PrOmiscuons .... 50 
 Pronunciation.... 32 
 
 Prophecy 75 
 
 Proprietor 20 
 
 Proud 82 
 
 Prow 56 
 
 Prowess 56 
 
 Prunes 42 
 
 Prussians 65 
 
 Puerile 20 
 
 Puppet 83 
 
 Purposes ........ 42 
 
 Pursuant 74 
 
 Pursued ........ 51 
 
 Put 32 
 
134 
 
 Pythagorean .... 14 
 
 Quagmire 78 
 
 Quarantine 23 
 
 Quench 63 
 
 Quid 37 
 
 Radishes 37 
 
 Raillery 53 
 
 Raise 70 
 
 Raisins 26 
 
 Rasor 48 
 
 Rasher 80 
 
 Rather 15 
 
 Ration 47 
 
 Ratiocination .... 47 
 
 Realm 34 
 
 Realised 40, 52 
 
 Really 21 
 
 Reared 8, 21 
 
 Rears 63 
 
 Recoil 47 
 
 Record 39 
 
 Recover 71 
 
 Recrimination .... 50 
 Refrigeratory .... 61 
 Refuse ...... 20,49 
 
 Refusal 21 
 
 Regret 48 
 
 Regiment 6 
 
 Regimental 53 
 
 Remainder 22 
 
 Reminiscence .... 57 
 Remuneration .... 30 
 
 Rennit 8 
 
 Repertory 78 
 
 Reservoir 31 
 
 Resolve 59 
 
 Resource 58 
 
 Respectfully .... 13 
 
 Respite 8 
 
 RestiflF 6 
 
 Reticule 61 
 
 Retina 56 
 
 Revenue 32 
 
 Reverberation. ... 62 
 
 Revolted 66 
 
 Rheumatism .... 29 
 
 Riband 8 
 
 Ridicule 40,57 
 
 Right 10 
 
 Rind 51 
 
 Rinse 56 
 
 Rise 70 
 
 Rising 80 
 
 Rote 51 
 
 Roll 58 
 
 Romance 41 
 
 Rome 41 
 
 Rose 21 
 
 Rosin 61 
 
 Rotherhithe 6 
 
 Route 83 
 
 Rubbish 73 
 
 Ruffles 69 
 
 Ruffled 73 
 
135 
 
 Ruined 20 
 
 Rumbled 79 
 
 Russians 66 
 
 Sacrament 53 
 
 Sicred 53 
 
 Sacrifice 36 
 
 Sacrilege 9 
 
 Saint John 5 
 
 Salad 4 
 
 Saliva 37 
 
 Sat 10, 13 
 
 Satire 9 
 
 Satirist 39 
 
 Saturn 23 
 
 Saucepan ........ 16 
 
 Saucer .......... 16 
 
 Saucy 16 
 
 Sausages 41 
 
 Saw him 15 
 
 Says he 12 
 
 Scalloped 74 
 
 Sceptic 72 
 
 Schedule 73 
 
 Schism 46 
 
 * Scholar 19 
 
 Scissors 11 
 
 Scrunched 23 
 
 Scruff 7 
 
 Semstress 60 
 
 Sensitive 40 
 
 Sepulchre ...... 5 
 
 Sequences 79 
 
 Seraglio 64 
 
 Sermon 18 
 
 Serjeant 51 
 
 Served 34 
 
 Service 18 
 
 Servile 49 
 
 Sewer • • 46 
 
 Shafts 28 
 
 Shadow 72 
 
 Sheep 59 
 
 Shoulders 3 
 
 Shrimps 25 
 
 Shrove 65 
 
 Shutters 10 
 
 Shuttlecock 37 
 
 Sighing 65 
 
 Signature 60 
 
 Sight 61 
 
 Simony 48 
 
 Simultaneous .... 30 
 
 Sinecure 75 
 
 Sisserary 86 
 
 Sit... 21,42, 50 
 
 Situation 15 
 
 Skate -34 
 
 Skeleton 56 
 
 Skim 8 
 
 Skirmish 52 
 
 Skit 32 
 
 Sky 37 
 
 Slay 54 
 
136 
 
 Slap. 66 
 
 Slippery ... 12 
 
 Sluiced 62 
 
 Smack . 72 
 
 Smuggled .. 23 
 
 Soldered 50 
 
 Soldiers 68 
 
 Solitary 20 
 
 Solve 62 
 
 Somewhat 50 
 
 Somewhere 19 
 
 Sophistry 9 
 
 Southern 64 
 
 Southwark 67 
 
 Sovereign 62 
 
 Spaniel 64 
 
 Spank 72 
 
 Specie 55 
 
 Specific. . . ; . 40 
 
 Specimen 18 
 
 Sphere .... 37 
 
 Spice 4 
 
 Spill 53 
 
 Spilt 22 
 
 Spirit 7 
 
 Spirted 72 
 
 Spoiled 11,28 
 
 Spoonsful 63 
 
 Squeeze 17 
 
 Stairs 51 
 
 Stamping 39 
 
 Stark 68 
 
 Statue 69 
 
 Statute 53 
 
 Staunch 53 
 
 Staves 72 
 
 Steady 70 
 
 Stereotype 18 
 
 Sterling 54 
 
 Stern 55 
 
 Stigma 54 
 
 Stinted 70 
 
 Stipendiary 70 
 
 Stirrup ." 8L 
 
 Stomachic ....... 38 
 
 Stone 47 
 
 Strap 75 
 
 Stunted 70 
 
 Subaltern 44 
 
 Subpoena 13 
 
 Subjected 45 
 
 Substantial 13 
 
 Substantiate 67 
 
 Subtraction 7 
 
 Successively .... 13 
 
 Such 28 
 
 Suit 17 
 
 Sufferings 24 
 
 Suite 64 
 
 Sulphureous .... 42 
 
 Summoned 49 
 
 Superintend 10 
 
 Superduous ... 3. 
 
337 
 
 Supernumerary .. 55 
 
 Surely 25 
 
 Syllabub 59 
 
 Synod 58 
 
 fringe 34 
 
 Syrup b& 
 
 Take and do .... 33 
 
 Take on 25 
 
 Talons 71 
 
 Tap 30 
 
 Tassels 30 
 
 Tatters .. 46 
 
 Taught 48, 51 
 
 Teats 59 
 
 Tedium 50 
 
 Temper • • 10 
 
 Temporal 50 
 
 Temporary 54 
 
 Tenet ...* 32 
 
 Tepid 78 
 
 Tergiversation .... 5 
 
 Terrier 41 
 
 Tetuan 51 
 
 Texture 71 
 
 Thank 41 
 
 That there 11 
 
 Theatre 6 
 
 Theirs 22 
 
 Thieved 46 
 
 Thing 19 
 
 Thirsty 71, 72 
 
 This here 11 
 
 Thrashed 31 
 
 Thread 26 
 
 Threats .. 27 
 
 Threw.. 20, 23,46, 48 
 
 Throbs 58 
 
 Thrown 22 
 
 Thwarts 17 
 
 Tickle 45 
 
 Timorous « 58 
 
 Tobacco 9, 14 
 
 Toil .. 29,59 
 
 Tolled 62 
 
 To and fro 25 
 
 Topic . . 49 
 
 Tottenham 37 
 
 Towards ........ 6 
 
 Town -. . 3 
 
 Tour 32 
 
 Tract ; 48 
 
 Trait 26 
 
 Transaction 33 
 
 Transient 49 
 
 Translated ....... 76 
 
 Treble 26 
 
 Tremendous .... 44 
 
 Tremor 50 
 
 Tressles 29 
 
 Trevet 42 
 
 Tribunal 57 
 
 Triphthong .... 13 
 
 Troth . . 56 
 
 Tutor 83,56 
 
138 
 
 Typhus 5 
 
 Typical 58 
 
 Typographical , -« . . 39 
 Vaccillation . . 83, 39 
 
 Vag-abond 56 
 
 Vagrant 3 
 
 Valentine 34 
 
 Valour.. 27 
 
 Valuation ...... 28 
 
 Value 60 
 
 Vampt 54 
 
 Varmint 18 
 
 Vase 68 
 
 Vaults 66 
 
 Venice 16 
 
 Venial 29 
 
 Venison . . . 4 
 
 Venom 18 
 
 Venture 16 
 
 Veterinary 64 
 
 Verdigris 64 
 
 Verjuice 38 
 
 Vicious 55 
 
 Violent ... 32 
 
 Viscera 55 
 
 Viscount 55 
 
 Vitriol 69 
 
 Vituperation .... 54 
 
 Vocation . . . 60 
 
 Volunteers 61 
 
 Unawares 39 
 
 Undermined .... 29 
 
 Undressed 49 
 
 Unfit 41 
 
 Unfortunate .... 48 
 
 Universal 6 
 
 Unknown 34 
 
 Unparalleled .... 57 
 Unseparated .... 57 
 
 Until 5 
 
 Upbraided 53 
 
 Upward 52 
 
 Upon ... 44 
 
 Upset .... -.- 60 
 
 Urchin 77 
 
 Usually 7Q 
 
 Wainscot 55 
 
 Wallnuts 39 
 
 Wan 15 
 
 "Warts -. . 69 
 
 Was 49 
 
 Waster 30 
 
 Wax 6 
 
 Weal 82 
 
 Weapon 30 
 
 What 6 
 
 Whatever 20 
 
 Whealed 70 
 
 While 5 
 
 Whist ^3 
 
 Whitlow 54 
 
 Whitsun 30 
 
 Whole 11, 15 
 
 Whore ,...M 
 
131 
 
 Widowhood 22 
 
 Width 33 
 
 Wife 23 
 
 Willingly 42 
 
 Wind 71 
 
 Windpipe 46 
 
 Wine 3 
 
 Wish 65 
 
 Wont 70 
 
 Woman 13 
 
 Wonted 64 
 
 Working Jl 
 
 World 80 
 
 Worry 54 
 
 Worship 66 
 
 Wound 17, 75 
 
 Wounded 11 
 
 Wrapper 44 
 
 Wreaked 54 
 
 Wristband 82 
 
 Wrists 23 
 
 Yellow 75 
 
 Yes 9 
 
 Yonder 64 
 
 Yours 22, 54 
 
 Zed 63 
 
 Zenith 47 
 
 Zoology 29 
 
 -»•#«— 
 
 END OF INDEX. 
 
v OF c 
 
 3INDERY 
 1903 a 
 
w 
 
 — ™ 
 
 HI