HSi KB &3K ' ' b h Sb^b1 ■ 1 1 . ■■HaP-vUM ba ' BBI Ba BBBIBBBBbBh* BBB ■ !i Hi I * ... * Hi $& am ■ Bs 1 H m HI - BB ■ rgfBaHi BBB1 mSBBSFJKEa B KB IBHI B83& H| bB bbbbHH B BBS BBBBBl KeIS H 98 I BBS bos H ■"/.•,,-'. HB • vi.v.v:-::.-: :■:■:•:■;•; iS IsraPl Pass Tft \ ft QQj Book_..jV3^ %m SltiM Uua ek/kr Westminster Drolleries. / Weftminfter **% DROLLERIES, Both Parts, of 1671, 1672 ; BEING A Choice Collection of SONGS AND POEMS, Sung at Court & Theatres : With Additions made by 'A Person of Quality.'' Now First Reprinted from the Original Editions. EDITED, With an Introduction ON THE Literature of the Drolleries $ A COPIOUS APPENDIX OF Notes, Illustrations and Emendations_of Text ; A Table of Contents, and Indextf$ffirst_,Ljnes of^>. Contents, and Index^f^Fzrst^ Lines ofi^K Songs and PoemsQ n> ^._ * ' j j^'o^' By J. Wood fall Ebsworth, M.A., Cantab. R. ROBERTS, BOSTON, LINCOLNSHIRE. M.DCCCLXXV. TIT J**? TO THOSE IN ENGLAND AND AMERICA WHO. LOVE PRIZING WHAT IS GOOD IN THEM, DESPITE THE FICKLENESS OF FASHION : THE FIRST REPRINT OF THE WESTMINSTER DROLLERIES is DEDICATED, January, 1875, CONTENTS, DEDICATION. PRELUDE. INTRODUCTION, ON THE LITERATURE OF THE DROLLERIES : § I. THE EARLIEST REPRINT, — 2. COUNSEL FOR THE DEFENCE, 3. DRAMATISTS UNDER CHARLES II., — 4. THE DROLLS AND THE DROLLERIES, — 5. THE RESTORATION, — 6. SONGS IN THE DROLLERIES, WHENCE TA- KEN, — 7. CONCLUSION. WESTMINSTER DROLLERY, PART I. ENTR' ACTE. RICHARD MANGIE'S VERSES TO THE AUTHOR OF WESTMINSTER DROLLERIES. WESTMINSTER DROLLERY, PART II. APPENDIX OF NOTES, ILLUSTRATIONS, AND EMENDATIONS OF TEXT. FINALE. TABLE OF FIRST LINES, OF SONGS AND POEMS- PRELUDE. Who comes to this quaint Hostelry need bring No peevish visage and no railing tongue, Grudging the merry Lays that here are sung, Hating to hear the clinking glasses ring : Good store of viands on the board they fling, Choice fruit and flowers in plenty grouped among, Such as Iacchus loved when earth was young, — Autumnal grapes, with garlands of the Spring. Come ! though at times Satyric notes may sound, Few .are the words unchaste that meet your ear ; We ask no modest maids to gather round, Yet many a pure and loving hymn thrills here : Scholars of life mature will haunt the ground, And leave unscann'd whate'er would mar the cheer. 1875. J- W - E ' EDITORIAL INTRODUCTION TO THE WESTMINSTER DROLLERIES: 1671, 1672. Scholar. — "This is a very big GATEWAY to so small a house, Master Builder? Paliadio. — All the fault of the house, Nicolas for not BEING LARGER. WOULD THAT IT WERE 1" (Chronicles ojNirgends College, Tom. LVI. P.38.J §1. The Earliest Reprint. TO persons already acquainted with the two parts of the Westminster Drollery, published in 167 1 and 1672, it must have appeared strange that no at- tempt was hitherto made to bring these delightful volumes within reach, for the students of our early lit- erature. The originals are of extreme rarity, a perfect copy of the two being seldom attainable at any public sale, and on such occasions fetching a price that makes a book-hunter almost despair of its acquisition. So great a favorite was it in the Cavalier times, that most b copies 11. INTRODUCTION. copies have been literally worn to pieces in the hands of admirers, as they chanted forth a merry stave from its pages. There is no collection of Songs surpassing it in the language, and as representing the lyrics of the first twelve years after the Restoration it is unequalled. A few of the expressions, we confess, are a little too "free" to suit indiscriminate readers in these hypocrit- ically-precise days ; when newspapers publish reports of criminal trials far more offensive to morality, and novelists choose objectionable entanglements and ca- reers of vice to delight the readers of Circulating Libraries. But in general, with a few exceptions, in the Westminster Drollery " the mirth and fun," though " fast and furious," like the witcheries at Alloway Auld Kirk, is not of a sort to need censure. Here and there a touch of coarseness, such as we meet frequently in Chaucer and succeeding writers, serves to remind us of the changes in fashion since the age when our ancestors used plain language to express their thoughts. But, on the whole, the collection is far more pure and wholesome than the later editions of Wit and Mirth, re-issued during the Augustan age of Queen Anne, and in the early years of George I., or other books which appeared after the Revolution of 1688. Among the hundred and seventy-odd Songs here preserved, by far the greater number are elsewhere un- attainable INTRODUCTION. 111. attainable. A few of the choicest, by Charles II., Dryden, Wycherley, Sedley, Shadwell, Butler, L'Es- trange, Wotton, Etherege, Flatman, Hicks, &c, were established favourites. Those beside them, chiefly by authors now unknown or not identified, are generally worthy of their position. Many of the Love Songs possess a poetic beauty that disproves the charge made by Robert Bell against the writers of the Restoration. And the loyalty is of a cheerful energetic spirit, very different from the rancour and personality which so strongly infect the celebrated ^/^collections of 1660 and 1662, or the still more bitter vituperation which meets us in the Loyal Songs of 1684, 1689, 1694, the State Poems of 1704, &c, the Pills to Purge State Melancholy, of 1 7 1 5 and 1 7 1 8, or A Tory Pill to Purge Whig Melancholy, and Mughouse Diversions, of 17 16. Here, in the Drolleries before us, we have, unadulter- ated and unmutilated, some of the best English Ballads of rural festivity, full of allusions and homely proverbs to delight the antiquary. Chief among them is the Maypole Song, " Come Lasses and Lads," a favourite to this day; and the equally brisk and enlivening Hunting of the Gods. A few poems of epigrammatic humour, such as those on A Scrivener, A Sexton, and A Watch Lost in a Tavern, are anticipative of the peculiar genius of Tom Hood in puns and quibbles. Others, IV, INTRODUCTION. Others, to wit, those On Men Escaped Drowning in a Tempest, and On a Great Heat, shew a delightful power of exaggeration ; such as in later days finds a home among our brethren across the Atlantic (who will thank us, we doubt not, for the present Reprint, our early English literature having zealous students in America). Truly, the pages are full of dainties. One of the rarest Tom of Bedlam songs is here ; so is Dulcina, that airiest and sweetest of amatory ditties. Poor Anthony tells of his termagant wife, and her final cure ; The song in praise of The Black Jack leads us to add its companions in the Appendix ; Old Soldiers gives us sight of an heroic family ; the Drawing of Valentines ranges along with Lovers Lottery; the original of the Scotch song called Gilderoy is valuable in its rough integrity, afterwards popular even when muti- lated ; The Spanish Armada is of almost national and historic importance, a gay ballad smacking of the sea- breeze ; Hide Park, Honest Harry, The Kind Husband but Imperious Wife, The Legacy (p. 27), The Drea?n (p. 31), " On the bank of a Brook as 1 sate fishing, are here to please us ; and " Thus all our life long we are frolick and gay." The Westminster Drolleries are reprinted with the utmost fidelity, page for page, and line for line, not a word being altered, or a single letter departing from INTRODUCTION. V. from the original spelling. It is, in truth, a fac-simile edition, in everything but the additional beauty of typography. Such Editorial Notes as may be deemed useful in illustration of the text, and variety of read- ings, are kept distinct in an Appendix. Our Intro- duction on the Literature of the Drolleries is offered, although such good wine needs no bush, to tell of the entertainment for Man, though not for Beast, to be found within. But in this world of odd assemblages there are Malvolios who, without being virtuous, object to other folks enjoying cakes and ale. They find no pleasure even in the cozier's catches that might have roused the night owl, and drawn three souls out of one weaver. Such persons are not bidden to this wassail, but they will grumble and affect to feel scandalized. Dean Swift declared that a nice man is a man of nasty ideas. None but extremely fastidious people, secretly gloating over what they affect to dislike, and incapable of valuing early literature for its better qualities, will either search for, or decry, the few things to blame in the Westminster Drolleries. An expression now and then, even a whole page or two, we could have gladly omitted, if it had been permissible to mutilate this earliest reprint of the book. Enough said as to these. The dissuasives against matrimony are balanced by answers equally weighty and witty, in rebuke of liber- tinism VI. INTRODUCTION. tinism in bachelorhood. Correctives of other errors are not far to seek. Experienced travellers, cruising alongside the happy isles of our English Poetry, will find little here to sadden or annoy. They must be well aware of the worthlessness to students of Expur- gated Editions of any authors who deserve to be re- printed at all. We leave Bowdlerized versions to the Lady Wardlaws and Family Dramatisers. We are not now writing or publishing virginibus puerisque, but to scholars. As confirming this opinion let us call into court an authority that few persons will dispute : Lord Macaulay. § ii. Counsel for the Defence. No student of the Restoration Literature can afford to remain unacquainted with Lord Macaulay's essay on " The Dramatic Works of Wycherley, Congreve, Van- brugh, and Farquhar." Our only regret is that the two writers last named were not criticized at all. The implied promise regarding them was unfulfilled. "Here, for the present we must stop," says the Edinburgh Reviewer : " Vanbrugh and Farquhar are not men to be hastily dismissed, and we have not left ourselves space to do them justice." It is a loss to all of us, that Macaulay quitted the subject; seeing what he has given us in connection with their predecessors. He would have revelled in his favourite antitheses, while INTRODUCTION. Vli. while bringing before us Sir John Vanburgh with his full-bottomed wig, his ponderous architecture, and his light-comedy fancies. Dick Amlet might scarcely feel at home in Blenheim or Castle Howard, though Sir John Brute and Loveless, with Amanda or Berinthia, would find a corner easily. The sportive sallies of Sir Harry Wildair and Archer would have been made to deepen our sympathy for their warm-hearted author, the gay and versatile Farquhar, dying in poverty be- fore he was thirty years of age. But this second essay, which could not have failed to afford delight, howso- ever treated, can only be read in that pleasant limbo of Fancy, where are gathered already so many pro- jected books, and parts of books, including the final portions of the Faerie Queene, the fourth part of Hudibras, Dryden's epic of King Arthur, the seventeenth canto of Don Juan, Jean Paul's Selina, with the last chapters of Denis Duval and Edwin Drood. There we may also find Cowley's own burnt narrative of the Civil War, and the second tome of Raleigh's History of the World. The prospect of consulting all these in the original, whenever we are called to emigrate to the Elysian Fields, reconciles us to the thought of de- parture from a life made sufficiently comfortable by the abundant literature bequeathed from our old Poets and Dramatists. To Vlll. INTRODUCTION. To Macaulay may be fitly referred any defence of reprinting the Dramatists of the Restoration and the best of their " Drolleries." His words are convincing, as a justification, if such be needed. " We cannot wish that any work or class of works which has exer- cised a great influence on the human mind, and which illustrates the character of an important epoch in letters, politics, and morals, should disappear from the world. If we err in this matter, we err with the gravest men and bodies of men in the empire, and especially with the Church of England, [let the politi- cal dissenters make capital out of this admission, as is their use and wont ;] and with the great schools of learning which are connected with her. The whole liberal education of our countrymen is conducted on the principle, that no book which is valuable, either by reason of the excellence of its style, or by reason of the light which it throws on the history, polity, and manners of nations, should be withheld from the student on account of its impurity. The Athenian Comedies, in which there are scarcely a hundred lines together without some passage of which Rochester would have been ashamed, have been reprinted at the Pitt Press, and the Clarendon Press, under the direction of syndics and delegates appointed by the Universities; and have been illustrated with notes by reverend, very reverend, INTRODUCTION. IX. reverend, and right reverend commentators." [This was written and published in January, 1841. We are afraid, whatsoever changes may have taken place since that date were scarcely for the better. If right rever- end prelates do not now annotate censurable classics, it is probably because of their inability to compete with their predecessors, rather than from an excess of conscientious scruples. In the old days of a century ago, which it is the fashion to decry, if our Bishops were otherwise faulty, they at least employed their scholarship in more useful studies than the legal quib- bles opposing a Reredos, the fomenting of rebellion against a successor in a public school, the interference with an Apologetic Mare and a Holy Friar, or the ex- citing of prejudices, pitting class against class, among agricultural labourers. The difference lies between learned students who loved retirement, and seekers after mob-popularity by pestilent agitation.] Lord Macaulay, with his usual common sense and contempt for Cant, goes on to draw practical conclu- sions, as to the gain resulting from leaving open the doors of our library • or, to use Milton's phrase, "the liberty of unlicensed printing." "We have no doubt that the great Societies which direct the education of the English gentry, have herein judged wisely. It is unquestionable that an extensive acquaintance with ancient X. INTRODUCTION. ancient literature enlarges and enriches the mind. It is unquestionable that a man whose mind has been thus enlarged and enriched, is likely to be far more useful to the State and to the Church, than one who is un- skilled, or little skilled, in classical learning. On the other hand, we find it difficult to believe that, in a world so full of temptation as this, any gentleman, whose life would have been virtuous if he had not read Aristophanes and Juvenal, will be made vicious by reading them. A man who, exposed to all the influ- ences of such a state of society as that in which we live, is yet afraid of exposing himself to the influences of a few Greek or Latin verses, acts, we think, much like the felon who begged the sheriffs to let him have an umbrella held over his head from the door of New- gate to the gallows, because it was a drizzling morning, and he was apt to take cold. The virtue which the world wants is a healthful virtue, not a valetudinarian virtue — a virtue which can expose itself to the risks inseparable from all spirited exertion — not the virtue which keeps out of the common air for fear of infec- tion, and eschews the common food as too stimula- ting." And, he adds : "We should be justly charge- able with gross inconsistency, if, while we defend the policy which invites the youth of our country to study such writers as Theocritus and Catullus, we were to set INTRODUCTION. XI. set up a cry against a new edition of the ' Country Wife,' or the 'Way of the World.' . . . The worst English writings of the seventeenth century are decent, compared with much that has been bequeathed to us by Greece and Rome." He refers to examples even in Plato, well known to readers of the Symposium as well as the Phaedrus. He declares that admitting, as he does, the desirability of an English gentleman being well informed regarding the ancient people and their modes of life and thought, "much more must it be desirable that he should be intimately acquainted with the history of the public mind of his own country; and with the causes, the nature, and the extent of those revolutions of opinion and feeling, which, during the last two centuries, have alternately raised and depressed the standard of our national morality. And know- ledge of this sort is to be very sparingly gleaned from Parliamentary debates, from State papers, and from the works of grave historians. It must either not be acquired at all, or it must be acquired by the perusal of the light literature which has at various periods been fashionable. We are therefore by no means disposed to condemn this publication, though we certainly can- not recommend the handsome volume before us as an appropriate Christmas present for young ladies." {Edinburgh Review, vol. lxxii., p. 492.) My Lud, that is our case ! § in. Xll. INTRODUCTION. § in. Dramatists under Charles ii. Further, we are not called upon to enter into any justification of the Dramatists of the Restoration from the charges which have been urged, somewhat petu- lantly, against them. To say the truth, their morality is generally conspicuous by its absence. Far too much preponderance is given by them to subjects that are now rightly relinquished to our female novel- ists, — such as Bigamy, Seduction, and Conjugal Infidelity. No men could escape, no men would de- serve to escape severe condemnation, if writing now- a-days so freely on a loose style of life, such as we find displayed in comedies by Dryden, Wycherley, Crowne, D'Urfey, Ravenscroft, Burnaby, and a score of other play-wrights, whose names are less known to the pres- ent generation. Not that our age is by any means so far advanced in virtue and religious principles as we sometimes flatter ourselves by asserting. It may sound well on platforms, and read prettily in the pages of Sectarian literature, to denounce the execrable days that have gone before us, and puff ourselves up with incense of mutual adulation. But thoughtful ob- servers know that there is quite as much vice and un- happiness now, at the close of this third quarter of our belauded Nineteenth Century, as ought to be sufficient to abate our boasting. We have a much purer court and INTRODUCTION. xiu. and hierarchy than what we possessed a century ago, or a century earlier still, when the Westminster Drol- leries were first published. But ugly revelations are far from infrequent of immorality, folly, scepticism, and cruelty, in the various strata of society, which make us indisposed to accept congratulations as to our national virtue. We are not going to be tempted into discussion of contemporary politics (although we see a parallel), and may admit that, between 167 1 and 187 1, our Constitutional history shows decided pro- gress. But individually, in proportion to the increased population, we can detect the presence of quite as many rogues, fools, and libertines as disgraced hu- manity in the time of the Merry Monarch. Nobody wishes to bring back those days, or to whitewash their vices ; but if the Irrepressible Gentlemen who are so enthusiastic about the present Age of Gold, would only leave us quietly to enjoy whatever is good in the literature of the Past, undisturbed by their un- comfortable programme for a strictly Utilitarian future, what a much pleasanter world it would be. §iv. The Drolls and the Drolleries. It may not be uninteresting for us to trace, here- after, the history of the so-called authors and collectors of the various " Drolleries." The earlier of these c were XIV. INTRODUCTION. were produced during the disturbances of the Com- monwealth, and, as it were, by stealth, printed and circulated among the Cavaliers, whose hopes kept fluctuating, but whose love of mirth and revelry no misfortunes could subdue. Unprosperous in plots as on battle-fields, flitting through bye-ways in whatever disguise might offer, received at cellar-doors and back- windows of such Royalists' houses as were fortunate enough to be held for lurking-places, the homeless Wildrakes and Willmores of the day, nay even such as Cutter of Coleman Street, carried with them a goodly store of remembered tunes and the dangerous gift of composing rhymes against the party in power. They fabricated mock petitions and seditious ballads, in which neither Hewson's single eye nor Oliver's copper nose was forgotten. They kept alive among them- selves a liking for the prohibited stage-plays of a time when Royalty had not disdained to wear the mask and enact some gracious trifling at Whitehall. Libel- lous Prynne had in his 1633 " Histrio-mastix " made scandalous attacks on the Queen for such amusements, and had paid the forfeit with his ears. He might have been equally unscrupulous in defaming the Lady Alice Egerton, who in 1634 represented Milton's delicate creation at Ludlow, had " Comus " been two years earlier, or of more public performance. But the bitter schismatics, INTRODUCTION. XV. schismatics, whose spokesman he was, soon gained sufficient power to close the theatres, as well as to fine, imprison, mutilate, and slaughter the loyal actors ; all of whom, with one inglorious exception, were zealous in the King's cause during the Rebellion, and mostly- wielded on serious battle-fields the swords they had first learnt to use for mimic fight at the Phcenix and Black-friars.* * Sir William Davenant was appointed, by the Marquis of Newcastle, Lieutenant general of his ordnance, and at the siege of Gloucester, September, 1643, was knighted by the King " in ac- knowledgment of his bravery and signal services." A most valu- able record of the sufferings undergone by the Cavalier actors in the days when Puritans held power is in [Thomas ?] Wright's "Historia Histrionica," printed in 1699. He tells of the players, when the Stage was put down and the Rebellion raised, that "Most of them, except Lowin, Tayler and Pollard (who were superannuated) went into the King's army, and, like good men and true, served their old master, though in a different, yet more honourable capacity. Robinson was killed at the taking of a place (I think Basing-House), by Harrison, he that was after hang'd at Charing Cross, who refused him quarter, and shot him in the head when he had laid down his arms ; abusing Scripture at the same time, in saying, Cursed is he that doth the Work of the Lord negligently. Mohun was a Captain (and after the wars were ended here, served in Flanders, where he received pay as a Major). Hart was a lieutenant of horse under Sir Thomas Dal- lison, in Prince Rupert's regiment ; Burt was cornet in the same troop, and Shatterel quarter-master ; Allen, of the Cockpit, was a Major, and quarter-master general at Oxford. I have not heard of one of these players of any note that sided with the other party, but only Swanston, and he professed himself a Presby- terian, XVI. INTRODUCTION. As the rigour of persecution in time abated, after confiscation, ejection, and other modes of plunder had impoverished the defeated Royalists, a few indulgences were gained, such as the harsh sectaries had first denounced from their usurped pulpits, and suppressed by all the means that bigotry and tyranny gave into their grasp. Although the proclamations and written Acts of the long-winded Parliament remained unre- pealed, prohibiting all stage plays, and denouncing penalties against the Thespians,t Oliver's myrmidons were bribed or coaxed into connivance with some trifling breach of the law. Scraps of plays, such as terian, took up the trade of a jeweller, and lived in Aldermanbury, within the territory of Father Calamy ; the rest either lost, or ex- posed their lives for their king." (H. H. Repr. 1744, Dodsl. O. P., XL, p. ix.) f See the valuable collection of Documents in the Roxburghe Library volume, Trie English Drama and Stage under the Tudor and Stuart Princes, 1869 : whereinare given the First, Second, and Third Ordinances of the Long Parliament against Stage-Playes, and for the suppression of Theatrical performances in England, respectively of September 2, 1642 ; October 22, 1647 ; and Fe- bruary 2, 1647-8, each time increasing in malignity and cruel rapacity. Given, also, in J. Payne Collier's most interesting work on the "Annals of the Stage," 1831, vol. ii, pp. 105, no, 114. Unfortunately, his work stops virtually at the suppression of the Theatres. See, likewise, the memoir of Davenant in Wm. Pater- son's " Dramatists of the Restoration," vol. i. 1872, a reprint worthy of all encouragement, ably edited by James Maidment and W. H. Logan. had INTRODUCTION. xvil. had pleased lonely households in country mansions ; soliloquies, dialogues, and scenes from well remem- bered master-pieces by Shakespeare, Ben Jonson, or Beaumont and Fletcher, came to be the tolerated amusements of small crowds at the Red Bull in Lon- don, under the pretence of rope-dancing and tumbling ; subject still to surveillance, and to occasional inter- ruption and dispersal, with the plunder of their gar- ments and admittance-money, but no longer followed invariably as of old by stocks and whippings, contumely and close imprisonment with spare diet : "Brave Bracelets strong, Sweet whips ding dong, And wholesome hunger plenty." The Protector himself — in time disgusted with many of his intractable companions, and scarcely hiding a contempt for his own tools and satellites when not sufficiently obsequious — became desirous of concilia- ting the moderate party whose favour alone could gain for him the Crown his own sterner confederates denied -to himself and family. That there was some relaxation of authority, when once the spirit of opposition seemed crushed, cannot be denied. By May 21st, 1656, Davenant had opened a theatre at Rutland House, Charter-house Yard, for dramatic interludes or " Enter- tainments of declamation and music, after the manner of XV111. INTRODUCTION. of the Ancients," under favour of Lord Keeper Whitelocke, Sergeant Sir John Maynard, and others. Speedily his " Cruelty of the Spaniards," " Sir Francis Drake," and the " Siege of Rhodes " attained a success. Instead of the brief dialogues and poetic fragments, which at most had been tolerated grudg- ingly among the Cavaliers, there came to be repre- sented certain abbreviated re-castings of the chief incidents taken from the plays they loved. These under the general designation of " drolls," or Hu- mours, gave a complete dramatic rendering of actions or 'adventures; such as the Shylock scenes in the " Merchant of Venice," or the Choice of the Three Caskets, from the same play; the Sheep-shearing episode of Perdita, with the merriment of Autolycus, most delightful of vagabonds, from "The Winter's Tale ; " the prison revelry of the Three Merry Boys, from John Fletcher's " Rollo, Duke of Normandy ; " the Buck-Basket mishap of Falstaff from the " Merry Wives of Windsor ; " the pretended wantonness of the virtuous Florimel, as " The Surprise," from Fletcher's " Maid in the Mill :" and others. Some of these fragments were esteemed so highly that they did not altogether lose admirers even after- wards, when the " glorious Restoration " removed the padlock from the playhouse door. Francis Kirkman continued INTRODUCTION. xix. continued to print his " Curious Collection of several Drolls and Farces," in 1670 and 1673, under the title of " The Wits ; or, Sport upon Sport." * Robert Cox, who had been known as a Comedian in the time of Charles L, has the credit of preparing some eleven others of these Drolls, published in 1672 (the year of " Westminster Drollery," part 2) ; among which we find his own Humours of Simpleton ; of Bumpkin ; of Simpkin ; of Hobbinol ; and of John Swabber ; also *In the preface by Francis Kirkman to his own Part of "The Wits," (1672 ed.) we read: 'When the publique Theatres were shut up, and the Actors for- bidden to present us with any of their Tragedies, because we had enough of that in earnest ; and Comedies, because the Vices of the Age were too lively and smartly represented ; then all that we could divert ourselves with were these humours and pieces of Plays, which passing under the Name of a merry conceited Fellow, called Bottom the Weaver, Simpleton the Smith, John Swabber, or some such title, were only allowed us, and that but by stealth too, and under pretence of Rope-dancing, or the like ; and these being all that was permitted us, great was the confluence of the Auditors ; and these small things were as profitable, and as great get-pen- nies to the Actors as any of our late famed Plays. I have seen the Red Bull Play- House, which was a large one, so full, that as many went back for want of room as had entred [always, we find, a delightful thought to your true professionals] ; and as meanly as you may think of these Drols, they were then Acted by the best Comedians then and now in being ; and I may say, by some that then exceeded all now living, by Name, the incomparable Robert Cox, who was not only the principal Actor, but also the Contriver and Author of most of these Farces.' one XX. INTRODUCTION. one of " Bottom the Weaver," extracted from the " Midsummer Night's Dream." Still earlier, Thomas Jordan had returned into ballad measure and versical Tales several of Shakespeare's plays, which had been borrowed from prose novels : " The Royal Arbor of Loyal Poesie," of this Cavalier Poet appeared in 1664, but had been written during the usurpation. Kirk- man's work, like those of Cox and of Jordan, is very rare, and, we may truly add, amusing.* From " Hamlet " the portion taken by Cox for a Droll was * Francis Kirkman writes of Robert Cox : " How have I heard him cried up for his yohn Swabber, and Simpleton the Smith, in which he being to appear with a large piece of Bread and Butter, I have frequently known several of the female Spectators and Audi- tors to long for some of it : And once that well-known Natural Jack Adams of Clarkenwel, seeing him with Bread and Butter on the Stage, and knowing him, cryed out, Cuz, Cuz, give me some, give me some ; to the great pleasure of the Audience : And so naturally did he act the Smith's part, that being at a Fair in a Countrey Town, and that Farce being presented, the only Master Smith of the town came to him, saying Well, although your father speaks ill of you, yet when the Fair is done, if you will come and work with me, I will give you twelve pence a week more then I give any other Journey-man. Thus was he taken for a Smith bred, that was indeed as much of any trade. And as he pleased the City and Countrey, so the Universities had a sight of him, and very well esteemed he was by the learned," &c. — [The Wits.] Francis Kirkman's portrait is given as one of the frontispieces to "The English Rogue," 1671-73 : lately reprinted. "The INTRODUCTION. XXI. "The Gravedigger's Colloquy;" from "Henry IV. Part I." the mirthful exaggeration of lean Jack's battle with the men in buckram, and the misbegotten knaves in Kendal green, was exhibited as " The Bouncing Knight" These Drolls were seldom unadorned with Songs. A large proportion were drawn from the works of the twinned dramatists, Beaumont and Fletcher, whose sparkling vivacity and uncontrollable roystering fun commended them to the men of their time quite as much as the true beauty of their poetry, which atones for their occasional licentiousness. The heavier and more cumbrous verse of Ben Jonson was less suited for the purpose required, so that we find little of his dramas reproduced, except a few scenes from his "Alchemist," under the title of " The Empiric." But many of his songs were, from first publication, adopted as universal favourites, among that political party which almost monopolized a taste for the accomplish- ment of verse and the charms of music. " Drink to me only with thine eyes;" "Queen and huntress, chaste and fair ;" " Still to be neat ;" " Buz, quoth the Blue Fly," and others of his bursts of melody, reached hearts that scarcely opened to receive his crowded comedies and obtrusive learning. With such airy fancies as deck his "Underwoods" and "Masques," every lover XX11. INTRODUCTION. lover of true poesie must exclaim, " O rare Ben Jonson !" Of Herrick, Carew, and Suckling the songs never lost admirers, and there was not any time when Shakespeare's were unvalued. Thus, even while pains and penalties had threatened the poor Player, forbidding him to " strut and fret his hour upon the stage," during the days when the Pro- tectorate made a desolation and called it peace, there was an unceasing demand for songs, satires, and short poems. Cotgrave's bulky, " English Treasury of Wit and Language" found a welcome in 1655. More ac- ceptable still would be such small volumes as could be easily hidden from the observation of Puritan spies, greedy for fines and confiscation ; secretly as ready to relish improprieties as the pious contraband trader and Nanty Ewart on the Solway Frith, in later days. In answer to this demand arose the drolleries; of which we have not yet found a specimen earlier than 1654. They were privately passed from hand to hand, amid such perils and difficulties that copies of them are of the utmost rarity ; and predecessors may have appeared under still greater disadvantages and wholly perished. Oxford had much to do in the matter of these Drolleries. Here, in the venerable city to which we all look with love, had a loyal stand been made alike for INTRODUCTION. xxill. for church and state. Here had the King himself withdrawn in 1644; and here had fallen with especial malignity the punishment on Colleges for orthodoxy and political partizanship. The ejected scholars were not likely to submit silently to spoliation and imprison- ment. Many an Oxford student thereafter dipped his pen with keen avidity into the ink that should help to bring ridicule on the gang of sanctimonious plunderers whom his soul abhorred. Many a grave divine, thrust out of reading desk and pulpit by self-ordained Cob- blers and Infallibly Predestinated Agag-hewers, in- dulged himself in requital with the odium theologicum, and gibbeted Independents, Anabaptists, and all the unclassifiable camp-followers of Heresy and Schism, in one of those piquant epigrams or pasquinades over which to this day we chuckle merrily. On the other side, it is true, was Milton, a warlike catapult, flinging weighty annoyances, unscrupulous in his invectives against Salmasius, and Smectymnuus, and rejoicing in the interchange of destructive slander. What the Puritan divines could fulminate against opponents (or each other, when occasion served) is tolerably patent to the world by this time. Our book-shelves groan under their polemical theology, and we are only too glad to have escaped sitting under their pulpits while they "took another glass before parting." Gallant Cavaliers XXIV. INTRODUCTION. Cavaliers who fought unavailingly and suffered faith- fully during the civil war, like Lovelace, Cowley, L'Estrange, Cleveland, and Davenant, took up their pen as readily as their sword, when misfortune fell upon them. If they were sometimes frivolous and in- decorous, they at least were not dull and tedious. We should read the earlier " Drolleries," therefore, with a remembrance of their writers and first receivers having drawn more enjoyment out of these small volumes, in times of disquiet, than perhaps many of us care to do in later times of luxury, when whole libra- ries are at our command. Such faults as they bear are not unnatural results of the strife amid which they had been generated. People were in earnest for awhile, and neither sought nor bestowed quarter. While the political Saints preached against the plun- dered sinners, the latter retorted with song and satire, for lack of other weapons. We regret the occasional coarseness. But let it be remembered that it was a vice of the times, and we find in the Expositions and Biblical Commentaries of the Puritan divines, (learned, pious, aud instructive as many of them are) language quite as foul, and more fondness for meddling with unsavoury topics than we shall ever do in the " Drolleries." Throughout the time of anarchy there had been, among the Cavaliers, an INTRODUCTION. XXV. an odd commingling of amatory flames and political smoke. The devotion that was offered to exiled Monarch and separated Lady-love was never long un- allied with banter, directed against either Parliamen- tary enemies or the tyranny of Beauty. Living, as they kissed, from hand to mouth, taking with equal readi- ness the smiles of Fortune and the mischances of Adversity, the versifiers were not quite heroic enough to escape the taint of their necessitous circumstances. They snatched hastily, recklessly, at such pleasures as came within their reach, heedless of price or conse- quences. What they could not gain hi reality, they amused themselves by imagining. To a wanton Ixion a cloud is as good as a Juno. For our own part, we are far from feeling righteously indignant and pharisa- ically superior, when beholding the traces of their improvidence. There is a manhood visible in their failures, a generosity in their profusion and unrest. They become outcasts without degradation, for, at least, their scorn and hatred are lavished on those who are dastardly and hypocritical, the time-servers of the Commonwealth, while themselves yielding to indul- gences of another sort They are not stainless, but they affect no concealment of faults. Our heart goes to the losing side, even when the loss has been in great part deserved. a §v. XXVI. INTRODUCTION. § v. The Restoration. At length, in 1660, comes the desired change, and as Martin Parker had hopefully sung, thirteen years before, " The King enjoys his own again ! " Unfor- tunately, both Charles and his subjects had failed to discover any sweetness in the uses of adversity. The earliest congratulatory Odes shew little poetic merit. Several have been preserved on broadsheets, but their loyalty outran discretion. Theatres were speedily reopened. Sir William Davenant received the patent for the Duke's house, and Tom Killigrew that of the rival, or King's House.* Davenant, the poet of the now * " Presently after the Restoration, the King's Players acted publickly at the Red Bull for some time, and then removed to a new built play-house in Vere Street, by Clare Market. There they continued for a year or two, and then removed to the Theatre Royal in Drury Lane, where they first made use of scenes, which had been a little before introduced upon the publick stage by Sir William Davenant, at the Duke's Old Theatre in Lincolns-inn- fields, but afterwards very much improved, with the addition of curious machines by Mr. Betterton at the New Theatre in Dorset Garden, to the great expense and continual charge of the players. This much impaired their profit o'er what it was before; for I have been informed by one of them, that for several years next after the Restoration, every whole sharer in Mr. Hart's company got ,£1000 per ann. About the same time that scenes first entered upon the stage at London, women were taught to act their own parts ; since when, we have seen at both houses several actresses, justly famed as well for beauty, as perfect good action. And some plays, in particular 'The Parson's Wedding' [by Thomas Killigrew, 1664] , INTRODUCTION. XXVU. neglected " Gondibert," (in great part written, previously, in prison) well deserved the favour shewn to him. He had been a stanch Royalist, in the dark days when loyalty meant suffering, but had contrived by his tact and perseverance to keep alive theatrical enthusiasm, and win, inch by inch, a toleration for dramatic shows. We see a specimen of the work he wrought during the Suppression in his " Play-House to be Let : Every Act a Play," a disjointed mixture of tragedy, comedy, opera, and farce. * As the Prologue says : — " We found it neither had a tail or head The limbs are such as no proportion bear, No correspondence have, and yet cohere" It was a stepping stone to the solid footing of the restored drama. He who had carried his point against powerful opposition, soon shewed what was his theatri- cal ambition, when in 1660 he held the management of a large Playhouse. With scenic decoration, with all 1664], have been presented all by women, as formerly all by men. . . . All this while the playhouse musick improved yearly, and is now arrived to greater perfection than ever I knew it." Historia Histrionica, 1 691, Repr. p. xii. * Motteux imitated this attempt in his "Novelty: Every Act a Play," at Little Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre, in 1697. See, also, "The Stroller's Pacquet Broke Open," 1742, for Farces and Drolls performed at Bartholomew-Fair, &c, and borrowed from older plays. the xxviii, INTRODUCTION. the adornment of rich costumes and operatic music, with mechanical contrivances hitherto unemployed, unknown, he reproduced in 1662 his " Siege of Rhodes," Revivals of the elder drama, including " Macbeth " with Matthew Lock's music, were attempted in such splendour as partly anticipated the spectacular suc- cesses of our own days. The first edition of Elkanah Settle's " Empress of Morocco," 1673, gives copper- plate engravings of the scenes in that play, and shows their importance. Theatre-goers did not so quietly enjoy the works of bygone demi-gods as to encourage managers to bring them out unadulterated. The bitter years that had gone by seem to have perverted the national taste. The courtiers who had accompanied Charles in his French exile, brought back with them more looseness of morals and artificiality of manners than they had taken over. Loyalty itself lost its charm when it wore the swagger of self-conceit and the vices of libertinism. We need seek no more startling proof of the depravity of this exotic taste than the alteration of Shakespeare's " Tempest " into " The Inchanted Island," made conjointly by Dryden and Davenant in 1667 The most exquisite fancies at once lose their purity and grace, poetry is travestied into bombast, the chaste innocence of Miranda is con- taminated INTRODUCTION. XXIX. taminated by the hoydenish silliness and impurity of a sister, Dorinda, who had " never seen a man," and the noble youth Ferdinand becomes a braggadocio ruffler, the cowardly assailant and almost the slayer of his rival, Hippolito, who until that hour had never seen a woman or drawn a sword. The tragedies in fashion were such as less resembled the English masterpieces of James's reign, than those which had found favour at the court of the French King. The comedies were diverting, but mere entanglements of intrigue and cross-purposes ; wherein the wanton language was sufficiently outspoken to ensure each lady-visitor wear- ing a mask, not so much to hide her blushes, however, as to conceal their absence. Beaumont and Fletcher had gone pretty far in their dialogues, which by no means err on the side of straight-laced morals and punctilious decorum. But when their comedies reappeared, fifty years after the friends had gone to their rest, the alterations made were almost always for the worse. The Duke of Buckingham touched up " The Chances." Others tampered with whatever text was revived, with- out compunction. Later, Betterton turned " The Pro- phetess" into an opera; Purcell added music to " Bonduca." Shadwell had introduced a masque with songs into "Timon of Athens." The Restoration men held no fear of consequences when their ghosts should XXX. INTRODUCTION. should encounter the wronged Elizabethans in the Happy Hunting Grounds. There had always been a readiness in play-wrights to borrow largely from pre- decessors and contemporaries, mostly improving on what they stole, " convey, the wise it call ! " Thus, of our Shakespeare's plays there is scarcely more than one plot that we cannot trace home to some novelist or fellow-dramatist. The Restoration men as boldly plagiarized, but spoilt what they carried off in their maraudings. It is amusing to watch the bare-faced impudence (worthy of some play-wrights in our own days) of clever Edward Ravenscroft, for example, in his numerous transformations. The immorality of these comedies has been de- nounced with such acrimony, that one might imagine the censors thought all other literature was immaculate, all other ages moral. We confess the cape ; that their imaginary world behind the footlights is not quite commendable. But why make war on shadows ? Why be so Quixotic as to slay mere scenic-puppets ? We agree with Charles Lamb, that the province of the Dramatist is a conventional world, and that we need not press the enactments of our penal and moral code against creatures of Fancy, Why denounce the petty larcenies of Sganarelle, or the highway-robberies of Falstaff, as if to be judged at the Old Bailey, or by the INTRODUCTION. xxxi. the Correctional Police of Paris ? Are we never to be without Rhadamanthus and the Court of Arches in sight ? Let us admit, it was frequently on matrimonial in- fidelity the jokes turned. For a score of years people seem never to have grown weary of laughing at the exhibition of befooled London citizens, whose wealth and wives were made free with, in the plays whereby the Stage attempted to hold the mirror up to nature. The Merry Monarch himself was a constant patron of the Drama, happiest when shaking off the cares of state, and paying gallant compliments to some one of the saucy actresses who spoke those Prologues and Epilogues that are more charged with objectionable double-meanings and downright scandal than the plays they accompanied. Actresses had been another of the innovations brought from France, either by Killi- grew or Davenant, after the Restoration ; and for half a century they could scarcely be considered a moral gain, although attractive to the audience. (See Foot- note on previous page, xxvi.) Two or more of these ladies were transferred by the enamoured King from the boards to the Palace. One was the charming Nell Gwynne, whom we see painted as a shepherdess by Sir Peter Lely at Hampton Court, and of whom our benefactor Pepys records in cypher, on May-day, 1667, XXX11. INTRODUCTION. 1667, the bewitching fascinations, as patent to him as those of Mrs Knipp. " Pretty Nelly," he calls her, "in her smock sleeves and bodice, a mighty pretty creature " She had passed, it is said, from the singing of ballads in taverns, the selling of oranges in front of the Playhouse, and the objectionable companionship ot Buckhurst, to the higher dignity of enrapturing the lieges upon the stage. She delivered, in Dryden's emphatic language, the Epilogue to his tragedy, " Tyrannic Love," 1669. She spoke the Prologue to the same poet's " Conquest of Grenada," 1670, in a hat large as a cart-wheel, to the uproarious delight of King Charles. Then she passed to, what may have been deemed in those days, the height of feminine ambition. Mary Davis, profanely called Moll, it is no less trustworthily recorded, won a lease of the expan- sive heart of " Old Rowley," by her singing the ballad " My lodging is on the cold ground, " ki " The Rivals." * § vi. *"The Rivals," Licensed September 19th, 1668, by Roger V Estrange. This date of license is important, although it had been acted earlier. The " Rivals, a Comedy " (by Davenant, according to Langbaine's Account, Eng. Dram. Poets, p. 547, 1691) is founded on "the Two Noble Kinsmen," and Pepys saw it performed in 1664, on the 10th of September. "The Rivals" was acted by His Highness the Duke of York's Servants, Mrs. Gosnell singing and dancing. Mrs. Davis's name is printed, in our copy of the first quarto, 1668, INTRODUCTION. XXX111. § vi. Songs in the Drolleries, Whence Taken. Out of these plays, serious and comic, in great part come the songs which meet us in the various " Droll- eries." Many of the lyrics only survive as relics of imprinted comedies and tragedies, without even the name or author being known : comedies which have otherwise passed into oblivion. Shall we not thank- fully accept these songs, since they alone remain ? We hold the songs of the Elizabethan Drama in much higher esteem than those after the Restoration, but we deprecate the severity of censure which has been passed on the latter, since they are, at least, superior to what we get in subsequent days. Robert Bell, whose name deserves respect and gratitude, has as acting Celania, who sings the song in Act V. Compare Mirida's burlesque song in The Honble. James Howard's " All Mistaken; or, the Mad Couple," 1672, Act V. Sc. 1, — which is said to have ridiculed the short and plump Moll Davis, and begins (corrected) thus : — " My lodging upon the cold floor is, And wonderful hard is my fare, But that which troubles me more is The fatness of my dear. Yet still I do cry, oh melt love, And I pry'thee now melt apace ; For thou art the man I should long for, If 'twere not for thy grease," &c. It is Pinguister who is so fat. Nelly sang it. This burlesquing of popular songs besets us continually in the Drolleries. not XXXIV. INTRODUCTION. not hesitated to express this condemnation ruthlessly. He says : — " The superiority in all qualities of sweetness, thoughtfulness, and purity of the writers of the sixteenth and the beginning of the seventeenth century over their successors is strikingly exhibited in these productions. The dramatic songs of the age of Elizabeth and James I. are distinguished as much by their delicacy and chastity of feeling, as by their vigour and beauty. The change that took place under Charles II was sudden and complete. With the Restoration, love disappears, and sensuousness takes its place. Voluptuous without taste or sentiment, the songs of that period may be said to dissect in broad daylight the life of the town, laying bare with revolting shamelessness the tissues of its most secret vices." (Swigs of the Dramatists, 1854.J As the imperturbable Mr. Chester sensibly remarked, on a similar occasion, "These anatomical allusions should be left to gentlemen of the medical profession. They are really not agreeable in society." Although confessedly inferior to the writers of the three preceeding reigns, the dramatists and songsters of the Restoration have a charm of their own, and we do not think it good policy to despise the fruit of Autumn in compliment to the bygone flowers of the Spring and Summer. If we watch and see how much we lose, when once we pass from the Stuarts to the cold William of Orange and the alien Hanoverian race — the early Georges who grunted at " Boets and Bainters," who "hated arts and despised literature, but liked train oil in their salads," — we become more ready to INTRODUCTION. XXXV. to do justice to the delightful lyrists who left behind them no true successors. Scarcely one song written by our favourite Sir Charles Sedley, or the Earl of Rochester, (or Dryden and Wycherley, for that mat- ter, though these latter are frequently somewhat warm in expression), fails to surpass in tenderness and melody, in sportive fancy and intellectual sparkle, a cartload of the concert or drawing-room ballads of the present day, let alone the Music Hall imbecilities. We need not draw comparison with the dreary didactic trifling that won favour at Ranelagh or Spring Gardens a century ago. To our mind the most indefensible Love-songs were those in which the far-fetched con- ceits, the pedantry, and lackadaisical attitudinizing of the Donne school, substituted a shock of surprises for the language of emotion ; as if poetry were a riddle or conundrum. This was in the reign of Charles I., but it has never quite died out since. We much prefer the genuine passion, when even transgressing so far in warmth as to incline towards sensuality, to that frigid affectation of Heroic or Platonic Love which is so busy in contemplating its own ingenuity. The Restoration men were in earnest when they praised either women or wine, and both the ladies and the bottle were taken in hand with enthusiasm. Then as to the rural sports, the dance around the Maypole, XXXVI. INTRODUCTION. Maypole, resumed after the Puritans had sawn down the tree, trampled on the flowers, and yelled against the profanity of all merry-making in a world which was- nearing its final doom, (according to the latest Tub- interpretation of prophecy) : what need we say ? ex- cept this : Turn to page 80 of the second part of Westminster Drollery, and see there (precisely as it was first published) what a hearty, rollicking Invitation was sung to bring the " lasses and lads " to a summer evening festival. Was it not still " Merrie England," even then; although the rampant Hobby of Puritanism had so lately ridden across every village green, and burnt its hoof-marks on the turf? Or, read the gay lyrics which sing their own music and set our blood in pleasant activity, the two com- panion ditties, " Pan, leave piping, the Gods have done feasting" (given near the end of our Appendix, from the "Antidote against Melancholy," 1661), with "Songs of Shepherds and rustical roundelays " (in the " Westmin- ster Drollery," Part ii. p. 64), telling of all the heathen deities made happy in Hunting the Hare. We catch sight of sly tricks and courtship even in such a trifle as " The Drawing of Valentines" (i.p. 35), a silly thing in sooth, but one that " dallies with the innocence of Love, like the Old Age." And if these men of the Restoration could not sing so INTRODUCTION. XXXV11. so sweetly as their poetic forefathers, what then ? All honour still be to them, for the fact that they had the good taste to value such melody as had been given already. The lyrics of Sir Walter Raleigh, Sir Henry Wotton, Thomas Carew, Robert Herrick, Sir John Suckling, with those of Ben Jonson, Beaumont and Fletcher, and others of that wondrous band surround- ing " Gentle Shakespeare," never went quite out of fashion, but re-appeared in almost every volume of festive songs ; as, we doubt not, they resounded still at every wassail, and enlivened every old manor-house whereunto descendants of the lawful owners came back to take possession. Had it been in prophetic foresight, that this Restoration Ode of a Pastor return- ing to his flock was given by the dramatist? In Welcoming home their Vicar, — the parishioners de- clare : — " We have brought music to appease his spirit, And the best song we'll give him :" A Glee to the Vicar. " Let the bells ring, and the boys sing, The young lasses trip and play : Let the cups go round, till round goes the ground, Our learned Vicar we'le stay. " Let the pigg turne merrely, hey ! And let the fat goose swim, For verily, verily, hey ! Our Vicar this day shall be trim. "The e XXXVlll. INTRODUCTION. "The stew'd cock shall crow, cock a doodle doe ! A lowd cock a doodle shall crow ; The duck and the drake shall swim in a lake Of oynions and clarret below. " Our wives shall be neat to bring in our meat To thee, our noble adviser ; Our paynes shall be great, and our pottles shall And we ourselves will be wiser. [sweat, " We'l labour and swink, we'le kisse and we'le And tythes shall come thicker and thicker ; [drink, We'l fall to the plow, and get children enow', And thou shalt be learned, O Vicar !"* No doubt many a veteran Cavalier made com- plaint, unselfishly enough, when on a single visit to Court he won a momentary glimpse of His Majesty Charles II., surrounded too closely by sycophants and titled wantons to allow of any further greeting than " Ods fish ! man, I'm glad to see you." It was not the king who was unkind, but his flatterers who were jealous ; and old Cavaliers retired, or 'did not once ap- pear, for want of Coin and Cuffs.' As one of them sang : * The authorship and early date are douhtful, It is not printed in the first edition of " The Spanish Curate," in Beaumont and Fletcher's works, folio, 1647, although the place for it is marked with the word " Song," in Act iii. Sc. 2. The entry of the play is dated October 24, 1622. It was acted at Blackfriars. The earliest printed version of the song known to us is that in Musarum Delicice (p. 75 of reprint), 1656. We follow that given in the " Antidote against Melancholy," 1661, which forms one of the Blue Series privately reprinted by that indefatigable Shakespearian Scholar, John Payne Collier, Esq., to whose courtesy we are in- debted for our copy from the rare original. INTRODUCTION. xxxix. " But this doth most afflict my mind, I went to Court, in hope to find, Some of my friends in Place; And walking there, I had a sight Of all the Crew : But, by this light, I hardly knew one face ! S'life ! of so many noble sparkes, Who on their bodies bear the markes Of their integrity, And suffer'd Ruin of estate ; It was my d . . . unhappy fate, That I not one could see ! Not one, upon my life, among My old acquaintance, all along At Truro, and before ; And, I suppose, the place can shew As few of those whom thou didst know At York or Marston-moore" His soldier-friend, warned by such an experience, would make remonstrance that this was an old tale ; that Courts are not the place for modest merit to ap- pear ; that those alone who shew gold in hand and brass in their faces are the welcome guests. He re- members that, " All Princes (be they never so wise, Are fain to see with other Eyes, But seldom hear at all : And Courtiers find't their interest, In time to feather well their nest, Providing for their Fall. Our comfort doth on Time depend ; Things, when they are at worst, will mend : And let us but reflect On xl. INTRODUCTION. On our condition th'other day, When none but Tyrants bore the sway, What did we then expect ? Mean while a calm retreat is best : But discontent (if not supprest) Will breed Disloyalty. This is the constant note I sing, I have been faithful to the King, And so shall ever be." (1661.) What though the anticipations of the Cavaliers were in great part followed by disappointment, and Charles II. failed to justify their hopes, by neglecting many of those who had cheerfully suffered for his cause ; there will always be to us a fascination in the re- cords of those days of Civil War and Restoration. Nor must we accept as wholly trustworthy the dark portraiture given by Burnet, Rochester, or any anony- mous authors of satires upon the Royal Sardanapa- lus. His faults were sufficient, as a man and as a mon- arch, without there being need of such malignant ex- aggeration as he found employed against him, yet never troubled himself to resent. We may not be wil- ling to accept all the laudation of the glib courtiers who wrote funeral elegies at his decease, yet such men as Halifax, Denham, Clarendon, and Dryden saw in him qualities to praise. Thus the former says : — " Farewell, great Charles, monarch of blest renown, The best good man that ever filled a throne ; When . INTRODUCTOIN. "xli. When Nature as her highest pattern wrought, And mix'd both sexes' virtues in one draught; Wisdom for councils, bravery in war, With all the mild good-nature of the fair. The woman's sweetness, temper'd manly wit, And loving pow'r, did crown'd with meekness sit. In conquests mild, he came from exile kind ; No climes, no provocations, chang'd his mind ; No malice sheiv'd, no hate, revenge, or pride, But ruled as meekly as his father died." &c. Compare with this, Andrew Marvell's caricature : — " Of a tall stature, and of sable hue, Much like the son of Kish, that lofty Jew, Twelve years complete he suffered in exile, And kept his father's asses all the ivhile ; At length, by wonderful impulse of Fate, The people call him home to help the State," &c. Or Rochester's Satire on him : — "In the isle of Great Britain, long since famous known, . . There reigns, and long may he reign and thrive, The easiest Prince and best bred Man alive ; Him no ambition moves to seek renown, Like the French Fool [Lewis] to wander up and down, Starving his subjects, hazarding his Crown : . . . . A Merry Monarch, scandalous and poor." The satire attributed conjecturally to Samuel Butler, " 'Tis a strange age we live in, and a lewd," the inci- dental references to the wasteful disorder and neglect of business, found in Pepys' Diary, and in that of the more staid Evelyn, as well as in the lively pages of the ■ xlii. INTRODUCTION. the Count de Grammont, and in small memoirs less easy of access, help to give a tolerable exposure of court favourites and their ways. Beside these records, our cheerful Westminster Drollery is comparatively in- nocent. Most of the Songs had been set to music by the best composers of the day, and they can seldom have given offence, even in circles that were far purer than those which held Lely's Beauties as their centre. It would have been a joy for us to know that these were wholly unobjectionable ; but he who waits to eat of fruit without a speck must go hungry through many an orchard, even past the apples of the Hesperides. § vii. Conclusion. We reserve for the Introduction to our next reprint of the scarce " Drolleries " a more detailed list of them, and such history of their authors as is attainable. Three of the books, at least were published before the return of Charles II. (viz., " Love and Drollery, " i654,"Choice Drollery," and "Wit and Drollery," 1656, also "Wit Restored," 1658). " Wit's Recreation,"a large collection of Epigrams and Epitaphs, with only a few Songs, had appeared so early as 1640, and was of a different character. " Merry Drollery," and another edition of " Wit and Drollery," were published in 166 1. The former was repeated, " with additions," in 1670, and 1691. In 1671, the same year as the "Westmin- ster INTRODUCTION. xliii. ster Drollery," Part i., appeared the " Oxford Drol- lery." When the second part of "Westminster Drol- lery " was produced in 1672, the " Windsor Drollery " also was published, and they held a few songs in com- mon. " Holborn Drollery," and "Norfolk Drollery" (for the most part heavy, and only locally interesting) came to light next year, 1673. The " Bristol Drol- lery," in 1674, " Covent Garden Drollery," in 1675, and " Grammatical Drollery," 1682, must also be mentioned : all have been carefully examined. There- after the tone of the song collections is changed, and always for the worse. Excitement had begun about the supposed Plots of the Papists ; Titus Oates, Bed- loe, Dangerfeld, and the rest of that perjured crew held public attention, and the song or ballad collectors of the day were almost entirely political, on the one side or the other. Soon we come to the exultant Protestantism of the " Loyal Songs against Popery," 1689, and the unscrupulous rancour of the "State Poems," during the power of William III. A more petty malignity shrieks and gibbers in the Anti-Jacobite ditties of 1715, 17 16, and 17 18. It is, then, to the Drolleries published between 1660 and 1675 that we turn for the Songs of the jubilant Royalists of the Restoration; to Alexander Brome's, &c. In the belief that historically and poetically they are worthy of preservation we issue our unmutOa- ted xliv. INTRODUCTION. ted Reprint. By preserving the divisions of pages, peculiarities of spelling and punctuation (accidental or designed), and other features of the ' original, the student here possesses a thoroughly trustworthy repro- duction. To this we pledge ourselves. We have no- wise departed from our exemplar except in two par- ticulars : i. the now obsolete long "f," with its pro- voking likeness to an " f" is here uniformly changed into the ordinary "s." 2. the type of each commen- cing word, which in the original is mostly of a mongrel character, is made uniform in capitals throughout Part 1. The sheet marks are given exactly in large paper copies. Even palpable blunders in the text are left un- altered ; but many corrections (not conjectural, but obtained by collation) are afforded in the Appendix Notes. These are kept apart intentionally. No tables of Contents or of First Lines appear in the original, but have been included, alphabetically arranged, for convenience of the Reader, Is he wearied of this Preludium or Overture ? We hope not. May he en- joy the Concert here about to be reproduced for his delight, not irritated by a few discordant notes. The curtain rises, and the first performer is none other than the King himself, " Old Rowley," for whom we have, a liking, despite his peccadilloes. Hats t>ff, gentlemen, if you please, in presence of his Majesty, and listen to the Drolleries. J. W. E. Westminster Drollery. Part I. Westminster Drollery. Or, A Choice COLLECTION of the Newest SONGS & POEMS BOTH AT Court anli Cbeaters* BY A Person of Quality. With Additions. LONDON : Printed for//, Brome at the Gun in St, Pants Church Yard, near the West End. MDCLXXI. Westminster-Drollery. The first Song in the Ball at Court i. I Pass all my Hours in a shady old Grove, And I live not the day that I see not my Love : I survey every Walk now my Phillis is gone, And sigh when I think we were there all alone. O then 'tis, O then I think there's no such Hell, Like loving, like loving to well. But each shade and each conscious Bow'r that I find, Where I once have been happy, and she has been kind. And I see the print left of her shape in the Green, And imagine the pleasure may yet come agen, O then his, Opheti, I think nopoy's alkve The pleasures , the pleasures of love^ While alone to myself I repeat all her charms, She I love may be locked in another mans arms : She may laugh at my cares, and so false she may be, To say all the kind things she before said to me. O then 'tis, O then I think there's no such Hell, Like loving, like loving too well. A3 4. But Westminster-Drollery. 4- But when I consider the truth of her heart. Such an innocent passion, so kind, without art, I fear I have wrong'd her, and hope she may be So full of true love, to be jealous of me. O theft 'tis, O then I think no joys above TJie pleasures , the pleasures of Love. The second Song in the Masque at Court. i. A Lovjsr I amj and a Lo\|er Tie be, ii And hope from my Love I shall never be free, Let wisdom be blam'd in the grave woman-hater, Yet never to love, is a sin of ill nature : But he who loves well, and whose passion is strong, Shall never be wretched, but ever be young. 2. With hopes and with fears, like a Ship in the Ocean, Our hearts are kept dancing, and ever in motion. When our passion is pallid, and our fancy wou'd fail, A little kind quarrel supplies a fresh gale : But when the doubt's clear'd, and the jealousies gone, How we kiss, and embrace, and can never have done. A Westminster-Drollery. 3 A Song at the Kmg's House. 1. T T OW hard is a heart to be cur'xl X J_ That is once overwhelm'd with despair, Tis a pain by force is endur'd, Despises our pity, and scoffs at our fear :* But if nothing but Death shall untie Those fetters wherewith you enslave me, For your sake I am ready to try If you are unwilling to leave me, Then I am not unwilling to die„ 2. How much were it better complying With the tears, the sighs, and the groans Of a poor distrest Lover dying, And list to the cries of his pitiful moans : When your Slave shall in triumph be led To see the effects of good nature, It shall for your honour be sed, Tis true you have kill'd a poor Creature, Yet have rais'd him again from the dead. 3. Though your heart be as cold as the ice is, At one time or other you'l findj That love has a thousand devices [mind. To banish could thoughts from your scrupulous a 4 Thy Westminster-Drollery. Thy aid mighty Jove I implore, That thou to the fair one discover, The joys I have for her in store, Which she to her passionate Lover Will say, she'll be cruel no more. A Song at the Kings House. i. (~^LORIS, let my passion ever^ V y Be to you as I design : Flames so noble, that you never Saw the like till you knew mine. 2.. Not a breath of feigned passion From my lips shall reach your ears ; Nor this love that's now in fashion, Made of modest sighs and tears. 3. In my breast a room so fitting For your heart I will prepare, That you'l never think of quitting, Were you once but harbour'd there. 4. The Rent's not great that I require From your heart, mine to repay : Fortitude's all I desire To keep your lodging from decay. 5. Fairest Westm inster-Drollery. 5 . Fairest Saint, then be not cruel. Nor to love me count it sin : Since a smile from you is fewel, For to keep this fire in. 6. When I am forc'd by death or age. From your flames for to retire, All true Lovers I'll engage Still my passion to admire. "A The last So?ig at the Kifigs Mouse. Wife I do hate, For either she's false or she's jealous ■ But give me a Mate That nothing will ask or tell us : She stands on no terms, Xor chaffers by way of Indenture ; Her love's for your Farms, But takes the kind man at a venture. 2. If all prove not right, Without Act, Process, or Warning, From a Wife for a night You may be divorc'd in the morning. Where Parents are slaves Their Brats cannot be any other ; Great Westminster-Drollery. Great Wits and great Braves Have always a Punk to their Mother. A Song. T " A A 7"ER'T thou but half so wise as thou art fair, V V Thou would'st not need such courting, 'Twill prove a loss you'll ne'er repair, Should you still defer your sporting. This peevish shall I, shall I, you'll repent, When your spring is over, Beauties after-math — no kind friends hath To gratifie a Lover. 2. Perhaps you may think 'tis a sin to deal, Till Hymen doth authorize you : Though the Gods themselves sweet pleasure steal, That to coyness thus advise you. Pox upon the Link-boy and his Taper, I'll kiss, although not have you, 'Twas an Eunuch wrote all the Text that you quote, And the Ethicks that inslave you. 3. I am sure you have heard of that sprightly Dame That with Mars so often traded, Had the God but thought she had been to blame, She had surely been degraded. Nor Westminster-Drollery. Nor is blind Cupid less esteemed For the sly tricks of his Mother, For men do adore that Son of a Whore, As much as any other. 4. Tis plain antiquity doth lie Which made Lucretia squeamish ; For that which you call Chastity, Upon her left a blemish : For when her Paramour grew weak, Her passion waxed stronger, For the Lecherous Drab her self did stab 'Cause Tarquin staid no longer. 5. Then away with this Bugbear Vice, You are lost if that you fly me, In Elizium (if you here are nice) You never shall come nigh me : Hell for Vestals is a Cloyster I don't run doting thither, For the pleasant shades are for her that trades Let's truck and go together. A late Song by a Person of Quality. 1. A Las,whatshallIdo? I have taken on me now J~\ To make a Song, I vow • O wo is me : I am comm anded to't, I dare not stand it out, Though 8 Westminster-Drollery. Though I am put to th' rout, it must be : [foot Thou shalt do't, then stand to't I'll set my Muse on With a good chirping Cup, [of wine, There may some hidden Mine, spring from the juice Then take 't and drink it up. 2. Pox on't, it will not do, I must have t'other too, I claim it as my due, and must love't ; [hie For where the Land is dry, the good Husband he doth To bring the water nigh to improve 't. Here's the use of the Juice, open me then the sluce, And deny my wit in grain ; That Skull's ne'er empty that takes it in plenty, It's the only spring of the brain. 3. Madam now you mayseewhat obedience is in me, I have done what may be to obey, [to boot, I have set my Muse on foot, with the sprightly grape Your Commands made me do't, they must sway : If my pate soon or late, shall bring forth some conceit, To you my wit I owe. If I do fall flat, it's because, mark you that, I am a Cup to low. If I spake sense enough, or did speak but stuff, All is alike to me ; I'll never pause upon't, you were the cause on't, And that's my Apologie. Silvia Westminster-Drollery. Silvia. Made by a Person of Honour. But the Answer and Reply lately added. SILVIA, tell me how long it will be Before you will grant my desire : Is there no end of your crueltie, But must I consume in this fire ? You'll not tell me you love me, nor yet that you hate, But take pleasure in seeing me languish Ah Silvia pity my desperate state, For you are the cause of my anguish : Her ANSWER. DAMON, I tell thee I never shall be In a humour to grant thy desire ; Nor can I be tax'd with crueltie, Having one that I more do admire. For 'tis him that I love, and thee that I hate, Yet I find you fain would be doing ; No, Damon, you never shall be my Mate, Then prethee, Friend, leave off thy wooing. His io Westminster-Drollery. His REPLY. SIL VIA know, I never shall more Be a Suitor to pride and disdaining, Nor can my respects be as heretofore, Being now in the time of their waining : For I prize not thy love, nor I fear not thy hate, Then prethee take it for a warning, Whenever you meet with another mate, Faith Silvia leave off your scorning. A Song at the Kings House. 1 \\ THERE-ever I am, and whatever I do, V V My Phillis is still in my mind : When angry, I mean not to Phillis to go, My feet of themselves the way find. Unknown to my self, I am just at her door, And when I would rail, I can bring out no more, Than, Phillis too fair and unkind, Than, Phillis too fair and unkind. 2. When Phillis I see, my heart burns in my brest, And the love I would stifle is shown, But asleep or wake, I am never at rest, When from mine eyes Phillis is gone. Some Westminster- Drollery. 1 1 Sometimes a sweet dream does delude my sad mind, But alas when I wake, and no Phillis I find, Theii I sigh to my self all alone. Then I sigh to my self all alone. 3. Should a King be my Rival in her I adore, He should offer his treasure in vain, O let me alone to be happy and poor, And give me my Phillis again : Let Phillis be mine, and ever be kind, I could to a Desart with her be confin'd, A?id envy no Monarch his Reign, And envy no Monarch his Reign. 4. Alas ! I discover too much of my love, And she too well knows her own power ; She makes me each day a new Martyrdom prove, And makes me grow jealous each hour. But let her each minute torment my poor mind. I had rather love Phillis both false and unkind, Then ever be freed from her power, Then ever be freed from her power. P The Coy Lady slighted at last. OOR Celia once was very fair, A quick bewitching eye she had, Most 1 2 Westminster-Drollery. Most neatly look'd her braided hair, Her lovely cheeks would make you mad : Upon her Lips did all tke Graces play, And on her Breasts ten thousand Cupids lay. 2. Then many a doting Lover came, From seventeen unto twenty one : Each told her of his mighty flame, But she forsooth affected none ; This was not ha?idso?ne, f other was not fine ; This of Tobacco smelt, and that of Wine. 3. But t'other day, it was my fate To pass along that way alone : I saw no Coach before her Gate, But at her door I heard her moan, And dropt a tear, and sighing seem'd to say, Young Ladies marry, marry while you may. A Song at the Kings House. !, T T TORLD thou art so wicked grown, V V That thy deceits I must disown, Since Knaves from honest men cannot be known, So general is Distraction : 2. Men Westminster-Drollery. 1 3 2. Men that are grave and should be wise, In their opinions are so precise, That always they turn up the whites of their eyes, When plotting some other faction. Conventicles are grown so rife, Whose followers are so many, There's so much gathered for their relief, Poor Cavaliers cannot get any. Wit without money is such a curse, No Mortal would be in its Clutches : And he that hath one without t'other is worse Than a Cripple without his Crutches. A Song by a Person of Quality^ HOLD, hold, and no further advance, For I'm cast in a Trance, If an inch more you give, I'm not able to live Then draw back your Lance. So now 'tis pretty well my Love, Yet if you will, You may somewhat further shove, But do not kill. 14 Westminster- Drollery. I die, I die, my breath's almost gone : Pray let me sleep, and I'll wake anon. A Rhodomantade on his cruel Mistress. SEEK not to know a woman ; for she's worse Than all Ingredients cram'd into a Curse. Were she but ugly, peevish, proud, a Whore, Perjur'd or painted, so she were no more, I could forgive her, and connive at this, Alledging still she but a Woman is : But she is worse, and may in time forestal, The Devil, and be the damning of us all. A SONG. A Dialogue betweeti two Friends. Tune. How severe is forgetful Old Age. R. HOW unhappy a Lover am I, Whilst I sigh for my Phyllis in vain, All my hopes of delight are another mans right, Who is happy whilst I am in pain. W. z. Since her honour affords no relief, As to pity the pains which you bear, It's Westminster-Drollery. 15 It's the best of your Fate in a helpless estate, To give over betimes to despair. R. 3. I have tried the false Medicine in vain, Yet I wisht what I hope not to wan, From without my desires has no food to its fires, But it burns and consumes me within. W. 4. Yet at best it's a comfort to know That you are not unhappy alone ; For the Nymph you adore is as wretched or more. And accounts all your sufferings her own. R. 5. O you Powers let me suffer for both, At the feet of my Phyllis I'll lie, I'll resign up my breath, and take pleasure in death. To be pitied by her when I die. IV. 6. What her honour den^d you in life. In her death she will give to her love : Such a flame as is true after fate will renew, For the souls do meet freely above. O A SONG calVd The Injur 'd Lady. You powerful Gods, if I must be An injur'd Offering to Loves Deity, Grant 1 6 Westminster- Drollery. Grant my Revenge, this Plague on men, That Women ne'r may love agen. The?i Fll with joy submit unto my Fate, Which by your Justice gives your Empire date. 2. Depose that great insulting Tyrant Boy, Who most is pleas'd when he does most destroy : O let the world no longer govern'd be By such a blind and childish Deity. For if you Gods are in your Power severe, We shall adore you not for Love but Fear. 3. But if you'l his Divinity maintain, ('Tis men, false men, confirm his tott'ring reign) And when their hearts Loves greatest torment prove Let that no pity, but our laughter move. ■ Thus scorn 'd and lost to all their wis ht for aim, Let rage, despair, and death consume their fame. The Wooing Rogue. The Tune is, My Freedom is all my Joy. 1. /^^OME live with me, and be my Whore, V^ And we will beg from door to door, Then under a hedge we'l sit and louse us, Until the Beadle comes to rouse us. And Westm inster-Drollery. And if they'l give us no relief, Thou shalt turn Whore and Fl turn Thief, Thou shalt turn Whore and Fl turn Thief. 2. If thou canst rob, then I can steal, And we'l eat Roast-meat every meal : Nay we'l eat White-bread every day, And throw our mouldy Crusts away, And twice a day we will be drunk, And then at night Fl kiss my Punk, And then at night Fl kiss my Funk. 3. And when we both shall have the Pox, We then shall want both Shirts and Smocks, To shift each others mangy hide, That is with Itch so pockifi'd ; We'l take some clean ones from a hedge, And leave our old ones for a pledge, And leave our old ones for a pledge. A Song at the Kings House. 1. T OW severe is forgetful old age, A J. To confine a poor Lover so, That I almost despair to see even the air, Much more my dear Damon, hey ho. 2. Though 1 8 Westminster-Drollery. 2. Though I whisper my sighs out alone, Yet I am trac'd where-ever I go, [me That some treacherous Tree keeps this old man from And there he counts every hey ho. 3. How shall I this Argus blind, And so put an end to my wo ? But whilst I beguile all his frowns with a smile, I betray myself with a hey ho. 4. My restraint then, alas, must endure ; So that since my sad doom I know, I will pine for my Love like the Turtle Dove, And breathe out my life in hey ho. A Song at the Ki?igs House. 1. TV T EVER perswade me to't, I vow 1 \| I live not : How can'st thou Expect a life in me, Since my Soul is fled to thee ? You suppose because I walk, And you think talk, I therefore breath, alas, you know Shades as well as men do so. 2. You Westminster-Drollery. 19 2. You may argue I have heat, My pulses beat, My sighs have in them living fire. Grant your Argument be truth, Such heats my youth Inflame, as poysons do only prepare To make death their follower. A Song. FAREWEL, farewel fond love, under whose childish I have serv'd out a weary Prenticeship. [whip Farewel, thou that hast made me thy scorn'd proper- To dote on those that lov'd not, [ty, And to fly those that woo'd me : Go bane of my content, and practice on some other [Patient. 2. My woful Monument shall be a Cell, The murmur of the purling Brook my knell ; And for my Epitaph the Rocks shall groan Eternally : if any ask this Stone, What wretched thing doth in this compass lie, The hollow Echo shall reply, 'Tis I, 'Tis I, The hollow Echo shall reply, Tis I. Farewel, farewel. 20 Westminster-Drollery. A Song at the Kings House, i. 1 F AVE I not told thee, dearest mine, X JL That I destroy'd should be ? Unhappy, though the crime was thine, And mine the misery : Thou art not kind, ther's none so blind As those that will not see. 2. Have I not sigh'd away my breath In homage to thy beauty : What have I got but certain death, A poor reward for duty. Well, when I'm gone you'l ne'r have one That will prove half so true t' ye. 3. Have I not steep' d my soul in tears, When thou didst hardly mind it ? But rather added to my fears, When love should have declin'd it ; Which in this breast, I hope for rest, But now despair to find it 4. O that I could but sound thy heart, And fathom but thy mind : Then would I search thy better part, And force thee to be kind : But Westminster-Drollery, 2 1 But now I'm lost, and here am crost, Tis they that hide must find. 4. If pity then within thy heart Doth own a residence, Vouchsafe to read my tragick part, And plead my innocence : Then when I'm dead, it may be said, 'Twas love was my offence. 5. But since thy will is to destroy, I dare not mercy crave, But kindly thank my fate, and joy I liVd to die thy Slave : Then exercise those killing eyes, And frown me to my grave. A Song. LOVE, fare thee well, Since no love can dwell In thee, that in hatred dost all excel. 2. All Love is blind, Yet none more unkind, Than those that repay Love with a proud mind. 3. Love 2 2 Westm inster-Drollery . 3. Love that's Divine, Is not Love like to mine, Since she doth laugh, when I do repine. Then gentle Love for Loves own sake, Sigh loving Soul, and break heart, break. A Song. 1. TV /T ANY declare what torments there are IV A Yet none ever felt so much of despair No love can tell how high my griefs swell, O curs'd be the pride that reduced me to Hell. 2. My heart is on fire, whilst I do admire That you with disdain requite my desire : All must cease, that my flames may increase, And curs'd be the pride that murther'd my peace. A Song at the Kifigs House. BRIGHT Celia, know 'twas not thine eyes Alone that first did me surprise ; The Gods use seldom to dispense To your Sex Beauty and Conscience : Westm inster- Drollery. 2 3 If then they have made me untrue, The fault lies not in me, but you : Sure 'tis no crime to break a Vow, When we are first I know not how. 2. You press me an unusual way, To make my Song my Love betray : Yet fear you'l turn it to a jest, And use me as y'ave done the rest Of those sad Captives which complain, Yet are enamour'd of their flame : And though they die for love of you, Dare neither love nor you pursue. 3. If love be sin, why live you then To make so many guilty men ? Since 'tis not in the power of Art To make a Brest-plate for the heart : Since 'tis your eyes Love's Shafts convey Into our souls a secret way ; Where if once fixt, no Herb nor charm Can cure us of our inward harm. 24 W estminster- Drollery . A Song. i. A LL the flatteries of Fate, l\. And the glories of State, Are nothing so sweet as what Love doth create : If Love you deny 'Tis time I should die ; Kind Death's a reprieve when you threaten to hate. 2. In some shady Grove Will I wander and rove, With Philomel and the Disconsolate Dove : With a down-hanging wing Will I mournfully sing The Tragick events of Unfortunate Love. 3. With our plaints we'l conspire For to heighten Loves fire, Still vanquishing life, till at last we expire : But when we are dead, In a cold leafy bed Be interr'd with the Dirge of this desolate Quire. Westm inster-Drollery. 2 5 A Song at the Kings House. 1. T OVE that is skrewM a pitch too high, I -j May speak, but with a squeeze will die : The solid Lover knows not how To play the Changeling with his Vow : Small sorrows may find vent, and break. Great ones will rather burst than speak. Such is my fortune when my Flora frowns. Not only me, but she the world will drown, 2. Thus am I drench'd in misery, Yet hope she may be kind to me : I, but 'tis long first, could she but restrain Those kindnesses which I'd be glad to gain. She'l surely do't : if so, it shall be known I loVd her for her own sake, not my own. Thus will I live and die, and so will be Exemplary to all Posterity. A Song. A.T care I though the world reprove My bold, my over-daring love : Ignoble minds themselves exempt From int'rest in a brave attempt. c 2. The " WS; 26 Westminster-Drollery. 2. The Eagle soaring to behold The Sun aray'd in flames of gold, Regards not though she burns her wings, Since that rich sight such pleasure brings. 3. So feel I now my smiling thought To such a resolution brought, That it contemns all grief and smart, Since I so high have plac'd my heart. 4. And if I die, some worthy Spirits To future times shall sing my merits, That easily did my life despise, Yet ne'r forsook my enterprise. 5. Then shine bright Sun, and let me see, The glory of thy Majesty : I wish to die, so I may have Thy look, my death ; thine eye, my grave. A Song. 1. T^\ URN and consume, burn wretched heart, 1 J Unhappy in extremes thou art : If dying looks serve not thy turn, To say thy Beauty makes me burn, 2. From Westminster-Drollery. 27 2. From thoughts innam'd pale colours fume Into my face, and it consume : O my poor heart, what charms thee so, That thy afflicted face lets know, 3. Yet will not tell who murthers thee, But yet will still a Lover be : Who hides my Phenix eyes, that she Whom I adore thus cannot see, 4. How I for her am made a prey To sorrow : and do pine away : O foolish custom and vile use, My silence now deserves no truce. A Song at the Dukes House. OFAIN would I before I die Bequeath to thee a Legacy ; ^That thou maist say, when I am gone, None had my heart but thee alone : Had I as many hearts as hairs, As many lives as Lovers fears, As many lives as years have hours, They all and only should be yours. Dearest, before you condesend To entertain a bosom Friend. Be Wes tm inster-Drollery. Be sure you know your servant well, Before your liberty you sell : For love's a fire in young and old, Tis sometimes hot, and sometimes cold ; And men you know that when they please, They can be sick of Loves disease. Then wisely chuse a Friend that may Last for an age, and not a day ; Who loves thee not for lip or eye, But for thy mutual sympathy. Let such a Friend thy heart engage, For he will comfort thee in age, And kiss thy furrow'd wrinkled brow With as much joy as I do now. A Song called, And to each pretty Lass we will give a green Gown. i. r | ^HUS all our life long we are frolick and gay, A And instead of Court revels, we merrily play At Trap, at Rules, and at Barly-break run : At GofT, and at Foot-ball, and when we have done These innocent sports, we'l laugh and lie down, And to each pretty Lass We will give a green Gown. 2. We Westminster-Drollery. * 2. We teach our little Dogs to fetch and to carry : The Partridge, the Hare, the Pheasant's our Quarry : The nimble Sqirrils with cudgels we'l chase, x\nd the little pretty Lark we betray with a Glass. And when we have done, &c. 3. About the May-pole we dance all in a round, And with Garlands of Pinks and Roses are crown'd Our little kind tribute we chearfully pay To the gay Lord and the bright Lady o' th ; May. And when we have done, 6rc. A Song. 1. /^\N the bank of a Brook as I sate fishing, V^/ Hid in the Oziers that grew on the side : I over-heard a Nymph and Shepherd wishing, No time nor fortune their Love might divide. To Cupid and Venus each offer 1 da Vow, To love ever as they loifd now. 2. O, said the Shepherd, and sigh'd, What a pleasure Is Love conceal'd betwixt Lovers alone ? Love must be secret, for like fairy treasure, When 'tis discovered, 'twill quickly be gone. For Envy and Jealousie, if it will stay, Would, alas soon make it decay. 3. Then 3° Westminster-Drollery. 3. Then let us leave this world and care behind us, Said the Nymph, smiling, and gave him her hand : All alone, all alone, where none shall find us, In some fair Desart wel seek a new Land. And there live from Envy and jalousie free, And a World to each other we'll be. A Song. 1. f^ellamina, of my heart V y None shall e're bereave you : If by your good leave I may Quarrel with you once a day I will never leave you. 2. Passion's but an empty name, Where respect is wanting ; Damon, you mistake your aim, Hang your heart, and dam your flame, If you must be ranting, 3. Love as pale and muddy is, As decaying Liquor : Anger sets it on the Lees, And refines it by degrees, Till it works it quicker, 3. Love Westminster-Drollery. 3 1 4. Love by anger to beget, Wisely you endeavour, With a grave Physician wit, Who to cure an ague fit, Puts me in a Feavour. 5. Anger rowseth Love to fight, And its only bait is, Tis the guide to dull delight, And is but an eager bite When desire at height is. 6. If such drops of heat do fall, In our wooing weather, If such drops of heat do fall, We shall have the Devil and all, When we come together. A Song at the Kings House. BENEATH a Mirtle shade, Which none but Love for happy Lovers made, I slept, and streight my Love before me brought Phillis, the object of my waking thought. Undrest she came, my flames to meet, Whilst Love strew'd flowers beneath her feet : Flotvers, that so prest by her, became more sweet. 2. From 3 2 Westminster-Drollery. 2. From the bright Virgin's head, A careless Veil of Lawn was loosely spread : From her white Temple fell her shady hair, Like cloudy Sun-shine, not too brown nor fair, Her hands, her lips did love inspire, Her every Grace my heart did fire, But most her eyes, that languish with desire. 3. Ah charming Fair, said I, How long can you my bliss deny ? By nature and by Love this lovely shade Was for revenge of suffering Lovers made Silence and shades with Love agree. Both shelter you and favour me : You cannot blush, because I cannot see. 4. No, let me die, she said, Rather than lose the spotless name of Maid. Faintly methought she spoke ; for all the while She bid me not believe her, with a smile. Then die, said I : She still denied, And yet, Thus, thus she cr/d, You use a harmless Maid, and so she died. 5. I wak'd, and straight I knew I lov'd so well, it made my dream prove true. Fancy the kinder Mistris of the two, I fancy I had done what Phillis would not do, Ah Westminster-Drollery . 3 3 Ah cruel Nymph, cease your disdain, Whilst I can dream you scorn in vain, Asleep or waki?ig, I must ease my pai?i. The disconsolate Lover. 1. A S I lay all alone on my bed slumbring, J~\ Thinking my restless soul to repose, All my thoughts they began then to be numbring Up her disdainings, the cause of my woes ; That so encreast my dolour and pain, I fear I never shall see her again : Which makes me sigh, and sobbing cry, O my Love, O my Love, for thee I die. 2. When this fair cruel She I first saw praying Within the Temple unto her Saint, Then mine eyes every look my heart betraying, Which is the cause of my doleful complaint, That all my joys are quite fled and gone : And I in sorrow am now left alone : Which makes me sigh, and sobbing ay, O my Love, O my Love, for thee L die. 3. Then farewel ev'ry thing that sounds like pleasure, And welcome Death the cure of my smart. 34 Westminster-Drollery. I deem'd first sight of her, I grasp'd a treasure ; But wo is me, it has broken my heart : For now my Passing-bell calls away, And I with her no longer must stay : Which makes me sigh, and sobbing cry, O my Love, O my Love, for thee L die. ■ W": The subtil and coy Girl. The Tune, Silvia tell me how long it will be. should my Celia now be coy, denying to yield me those Graces Which we did formerly both enjoy In our amorous mutual embraces ? She'l not give me a reason, But shews me a frown Is enough to destroy a poor Lover. Ah Celia, once I did think thee mine own, But now I my folly discover. 2. Is it because I have been so kind At all times to feed thy desire In Presents and Treats, thou hast chang'd thy mind, And left me like Dun in the Mire ? Or else is't because thou dost Think my Estate Is too mean to uphold thee in Brav'ry ? Know Westminster-Drollery. 3 5 Know Celta, 'tis not so much out of date, To force me endure so much slav'ry. 3. Or is't because thou wilt follow the mode, Since most are addicted to changing, Thou'dst only get thee a name abroad, I being more famous for ranging. Nay Celia, more this truth thou woo't find, I therefore advise thee be wary, When ever thou getst thee a Mate to thy mind, He'l play thee the same fagary. The Drawing of Valentines. The tune, Madams Jig. 1. r I ^HERE was, and there was, X And I marry was there, A Crew on S. Valentines Eve did meet together, And every Lad had his particular Lass there, And drawing of Valentines caused their Coming thither. Then Mr. John drew Mrs Jone first, Sir. And Mrs. Jone would fain a drawn John an' she Durst, Sir. So Mr. William drew Mrs. Gillian the next, Sir ; And Mrs. Gillian not drawing of William, Was vex't, Sir. 2. They 2,6 Westminster-Drollery. 2. They then did jumble all in the hat together, And each did promise them to draw 'em fair Sir But Mrs. Hester vow'd that she had rather Draw Mr. Kester then any that was there Sir : So Mr. Kester drew with Mrs. Hester then Sir : And Mrs. Hester drew Mr. Kester agen Sir : And Mr. Harry drew Mrs. Mary featly, And Mrs. Mary did draw Mr. Harry as neatly. 3. They all together then resolved to draw Sir, And every one desir'd to draw their Friend Sir ; But Mr. Richard did keep 'em so in aw Sir, And told 'em then they ne're should make an end Sir, So Mr. Richard drew Mrs. Bridget squarely, And Mrs. Bridget drew Mr. Richard as fairly : But Mr. Hugh drew Mrs. Su but slily, And Mrs. Su did draw Mr. Hugh as wily. 4. Thus have you heard o' th' twelve that lately drew Sir, [Sir : How every one would fain their Friend have drawn And now there's left to draw but four o' th crew Sir, And each did promise his Lass an ell of Lawn Sir. So Mr. Watty drew Mrs. Katy but slightly, And Mrs. Katy did draw Mr. Watty as lightly : But Mr. Thomas in drawing of Annis too fast Sir. Made Mrs. Annis to draw Mr. Thomas at last Sir. 4. And Westminster-Drollery. 37 3. And there is an end, and an end, and an end of my Song, Sir, Of Jonne and Jony, and William and Gillian too Sir, To Kester and Hester, and Harry and J/tfry belong Sir, Both Richard and Bridget, and Hugh, and honest *SW, Sir, But J%#y and ^2/7, and Thomas and Annis here, Sir, Are the only four that now do bring up the Rear Sir: Then ev^ry one i' th' Tavern cry amain Sir, And staid till drawing there had filled their brain, Sir. A late and true story of a furious Scold, served in her kind. The tune, Step stately. 1. Tl J AS ever man so vex'd with a Trull, V V As I poor Anthony since I was wed, For I never can get my belly full, But before I have supp'd I must hasten to bed : Or else she'l begin to scold and to brawl, And to call me Puppy and Cuckold and all Yet she with her Cronies must trole it about, Whiles t I in my Kennel must snore it out. r> s. 1 $8 Westminster-Drollery, 2. I once did go to drink with a Friend, But she in a trice did fetch me away : We both but two pence a piece did spend, Yet it prov'd to me Execution day ; For she flew in my face, and call'd me fool, And comb'd my head with a three-legg'd stool : Nay, she furnisht my face with so many scratches, That for a whole month 'twas cover'd with patches. 3. Whatever money I get in the day, To keep her in quiet I give her at night, Or else shall license her tongue to play For two or three hours just like a spright. Then to the Cupboard Pilgarlick must hie, To seek for some Crusts that have long lain dry : So I steep 'um in skim-milk until they are wet, And commonly this is the Supper I get. 4. And once a month, for fashion sake, She gives me leave to come to her bed ; But most that time I must lie awake, Lest she in her fits should knock me o' th' head. But for the Bed I do lie on my self, You'd think 'twere as soft as an Oaken shelf; For the Tick is made of Hempen-hurds : And yet for all this I must give her good words. 5. We Westminster-Drollery. 39 5. We commonly both do piss in a Pan, But the Cullender once was set in the place : She then did take it up in her hand, And rlounc't it out on my stomach and face. I told her then she urin'd beside, But she ca^d me Rogue, and told me I lied, And swore it was not up to her thumb, Then threw she the pan in the middle of the room. 6. Then a Maid that was my Sweet heart before Did come to the house to borrow a Pail : I kist her but once, and I thought on't no more, But she flew in her face with tooth and nail : But the Wench she stood to her, and claw'd her about, That for a whole fortnight she never stirr'd out ; For her eyes were so swell' d, and her face was so tore That I never saw Jade so mangled before. 7. She then did bid me drop in her eyes A Sovereign Water sent her that day, But I had a Liquor I more did prize, Made of Henbane and Mercury steep'd in Whey : I dropt it in and nointed her face, Which brought her into a most Devilish case : For she tore and she ranted, and well she might ; For after that time she ne're had sight. 8. I 40 Westminster-Drollery* 8. I then did get her a Dog and a Bell, To lead her about from place to place : And now 'tis, Husband, I hope you are well ; But before it was Cuckold and Rogue to my face ; Then blest be that Henbane and Meratry strong,. That made such, a change in my wives tongue.- You see 'tis a Medicine certain and sure, For the cure of a Scold, but I'le say no more.. A Song on the Declensions*. The tune Is, Shackle de hay.. MY Mistris she is fully known To all the five declensions,. She'l seize 'em singly one by one, To take their true Dimensions.. She ne'er declin'd yet any man, Yet they'l decline her now and then ? In spight of her Inventions. 2. First Musa is her Mothers name, And hcec does still attend her i She is a hujus burley Dame, Though huic be but slender t Yet she'l have a home on every man, And hac him to do what he can,. Unless they do befriend her. 3. Magi- [ J r estm instcr-Drolkry. x i 3. Magister was her Father too, And hie is still his man Sir, Nay films is her Son also. And Dominus her Grandsire : Nay Lueus, Agnus, and that Lamb-like crew, She'l call 'em tone's, I and hoe's 'em too. Do all that e*er they can Sir. 4. Next she's to lapis very kind, As honest hie has sed Sir ; For she's to precious stones inclin'd Full long before she was wed Sir. Which made her Parents often say. That hie and heee both night and day, Was fore'd to watch her bed Sir. 5. She beat poor manus with a Cane, Though he did often hand her From Whetstones-Park to Parkers-Lane, And was her constant Pandor. Yet give him mam busses when That she could get no other men, That he could not withstand her. 6. 'Bout noon she'd with Meridies dine, And sup, and bed him too Sir : She'd make poor fades to her incline, In spight of all he could do Sir. Shf 42 Westminster-Drollery. She day by day would dies pledge, Which set poor acies teeth an edge, And often made him spew Sir. 7. Thus have I shew'd her Kindred here, And all her dear Relations, As Musa, Lapis, Magister, And all their antick fashions. Mei'idies, Manns, and Felix too Are happy that they never knew Any of all her stations. A Song of the three degrees of comparison. The tune, And His the Knave of Clubs bears all the sway, MY Mistris she loves Dignities, For she has taken three degrees : There's no comparison can be made With her in all her subtile Trade. She's positively known a Whore, And superlatively runs on score. 2. And first I Positive her call, 'Cause she'l be absolute in all : For She's to durus very hard, And with sad tristis often jarr'd: Which Westminster-Drollery. 43 Which happily made Felix say, Sweet dulcis carried all away. 3. Next she's called Comparative, For she'l compare to any alive, For scolding, whoring, and the rest : Of the Illiberal Sciences in her breast She'l drink more hard than durior, Though he would harder drink before, 4. Then she's called Superlative ; 'Cause she'l her Pedigree derive, Not from Potens or Potentior, The Mighty, or the Mightier : . But from Potentissimus, Not bonus, melior, but Optimus. 5. Thus have I shew'd my Mistress t'ye, And gradually in each degree : How shew is Positive to some, Comparative when others come, Superlative even over all, Yet underneath her self will fall. The 44 Westminster-Drollery. The kind Husband, but imperious Wife. The first part of the Tune his, and the latter part her's. M i. T T yTIFE, prethee come give me thy hand now, V V And sit thee down by me : There's never a man in the Land now Shall be more loving to thee. W. 2. I hate to sit by such a Drone, Thou liest like a Hog in my Bed : I had better a lain alone, For I still have my Maiden-head. M. 3. Wife, what wouldst thou have me to do now, I think I have plaid the man, But if I were ruled by you now, You'd have me do more than I can. ' W. 4. I make you do more than you can? You lie like a Fool God wot : When I thought to have found thee a man, I found thee a fumbling Sot. M. Westminster-Drollery. 45 M. 5. Wife, prethee now leave off thy ranting, And let us both agree ; There's nothing else shall be wanting. If thou wilt be ruled by me. W. 6. I will have a Coach and a man : And a Saddle-Horse to ride ; I also will have a Sedan, And a Footman to run by my side. M. 7. Thou shalt have all this, my dear wife, And thou shalt bear the sway, And I'l provide thee good chear, wife, 'Gainst thou com'st from the Park or a Play : W. 8. I'll have every month a new Gown, And a Peticoat dy'd in grain, Of the modishest Silk in the Town, And a Page to hold up my Train. M. 9. Thou shalt have this too, my sweet wife, If thou'dst contented be, Or any thing else that is meet wife } So that we may but agree. W. 10. I will have a Gallant or two, And they shall be handsom men : And 46 Westminster-Drollery. And I'll make you to know your Cue, When they come in and go out agen. M. 1 1. Methinks a couple's to few, wife, Thou shalt have three or four, And yet I know thou'dst be true, wife, Although thou hadst half a score. W. 12. I will have as many as I please, In spite of your teeth, you fool, And when I've the Pocky Disease, 'Tis thou shall empty my stool. M. 13. Why how now you brazen-fac'd Harlot, I'l make you to change your note, And if ever I find you snarl at My actions, I'l bang your Coat. 14. Nay, I'l make you to wait, you Flaps, At table till I have dined, And I'll leave you nothing but scraps, Until I do find you more kind. W. 1 5. Sweet Husband, I now cry Peccavt, You know we women are frail ; And for the ill words that I gave ye, Ask pardon, and hope to prevail. For Westminster-Drollery . 47 For now I will lie at your foot, Desiring to kiss your hand : Nay cast off my Gallants to boot, And still be at your commnad. A Song at the Dukes House. 1. TV Jf AKE ready, fair Lady, to night, J_ \ J_ And stand at the door below : For I will be there to receive you with care, And to your true love you shall go. 2. And when the Stars twinkle so bright, Then down to the door will I creep, To my Love will I fly, ere the Jealous can spy. And leave my old Daddy asleep. A So?tg at the Kings House. 1. r I ^O little or no purpose have I spent all my days X In ranging the Park, th' Exchange, & the Plays, Yet ne'r in my Ramble till now did I prove So happy, to meet with the man I could love. But O how Pm pleas' d when I think of the man That I find I must love, let ?ne do what I can ! 2. How 48 Westminster-Drollery. 2. How long I shall love him, I can no more tell, Than had I a Feaver, when I should be well : My Passion shall kill me before I will show it, And yet I would give all the world he did know it. But, O how I sigh, when I think, should he woo me, That I cannot deny what I know will undo met A Song, The Tune, Robin Rowser. MY Name is honest Harry, And I love little Mary : In spight of Cis, or jealous Bess, I'll have my own vagary. 2. My Love is blithe and bucksome, And sweet and fine as can be : Fresh and gay as the flowers in May, And looks like Jackadandy. 3. And if she will not have me, That am so true a Lover, I'l drink my Wine, and ne'r repine, And down the stairs I'l shove her. 4. But if that she will love, I'l be as kind as may be ; I'l Westminster-Drollery. 49 I'l give her Rings and pretty things, And deck her like a Lady. 5. Her Peticoat of Satin, Her Gown of Crimson Taby, Lac'd up before and spangled o're, Just like a Bartleinew Baby. 6. Her Wastcoat is of Scarlet, With Ribbons tied together, Her Stockins of a bow-dy'd hue, And her Shoes of Spanish Leather. 7. Her Smock o' th' finest Holland, And lac'd in every quarter : Side and wide, and long enough, And hangs below her garter. 8. Then to the Church I'l have her, Where we will wed together : So come home when we have done, In spight of wind and weather : 9. The Fidlers shall attend us, And first play, John come kiss me ; And when that we have dane'd a round, They shall play, Hit or miss me. e 10. Then 5